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 March, he received the colonelcy of his former regiment, the 10th Royal Hussars, along with the colonelcies of the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and the Gordon Highlanders. On 28 May, he received an honorary appointment as a captain in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR), followed by his appointment on 10 November to the honorary colonelcies of the Ceylon Planters' Rifle Corps and the Ceylon Light Infantry (now the Sri Lanka Light Infantry). Following the outbreak of the Second World War, he joined the British Expeditionary Force, and was appointed as a Chief Liaison Officer on 4 September 1939. In January 1940, he was appointed to the colonelcies of the Ulster Anti-Aircraft Regiments, the Royal Artillery and the Territorial Army. He was slightly wounded in 1940 when his staff car was attacked from the air. In August 1940, he was appointed Chief Liaison Officer, GHQ Home Forces. He also became second-in-command of the 20th Armoured Brigade that year, and was promoted to lieutenant-general on 17 September 1941.On 27 October 1944, he was promoted to the rank of full general. He was appointed a Field Marshal in 1955 and a Marshal of the Royal Air Force in 1958. Duke of Gloucester

On 31 March 1928, his father created him Duke of Gloucester, Earl of Ulster, and Baron Culloden, three titles that linked him with three parts of the United Kingdom, namely England, Northern Ireland and Scotland. Prince Henry visited Canada in 1928. Before his marriage, Prince Henry's greatest ambition was to someday command his regiment, the 10th Royal Hussars, or at least spend as much time in the army as possible. Although he was a capable soldier, as the King's son he was prevented from joining his regiment abroad, and this meant he was generally seen as an outsider to his fellow officers. To his increasing despair, he had to fulfill the many royal duties his father assigned him.In September 1928, Henry left England with his brother Edward, <mask> of Wales, to shoot big game


type: original

texts:
 in Africa. The brothers parted in Nairobi, where Henry was to stay for a while. There, he was entertained by Mansfield Markham and his wife Beryl Markham. Beryl and Henry soon started an affair (though sources differ over when the affair started; many say it was not until her visit to England). In November, the brothers were recalled to England due to their father's worsening health, and soon after Beryl returned too. At the Grosvenor Hotel, close to Buckingham Palace, the affair continued with Prince Henry openly hosting parties with her in her suite and drinking too much. The affair, widely known by the London society, shocked the Queen, to the delight of the <mask> of Wales who remarked that "for once, Queen Mary's blue-eyed boy was in trouble instead of himself".The King stepped in, thinking that keeping Henry busy would be the best way to end the affair, as would keeping him from drinking too much, too often. That year, he arranged a series of tours for his son to undertake. In 1929, he went to Japan to confer the Garter on the Emperor, and a year later he attended the coronation of Haile Selassie of Ethiopia in Addis Ababa. In 1934 George V made him a Knight of St Patrick, Ireland's chivalric order. It was the second to last time this order was awarded (the last appointment being the Duke of York, later George VI, in 1936); at the time of his death, the Duke of Gloucester was the only remaining knight. In 1934, he went to Australia and New Zealand where the people received him with overwhelming enthusiasm that one journalist wrote, "(amounted) to something very near adoration". Marriage and family

When he returned from his trip to Japan in 1929, the affair with Markham ended.Her husband wanted a divorce and threatened to disclose <mask>'s private letters to his wife if he did not "take care of Beryl". The <mask> and Beryl never met again, although she did write to him when he visited Kenya in 1950 with his wife, but he did not write back. <mask>'s

masks:
Prince
Prince Henry
Duke
Prince Henry


texts:
 solicitors paid out an annuity until her death in 1985. After his tour of Australia and New Zealand, and pressured by his parents, <mask> decided it was time to settle down and proposed to Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott, sister of one of Henry's best friends Lord William Montagu Douglas Scott. The proposal, wrote Lady Alice many years later, was not at all romantic as "it was not his way", instead he just "mumbled it as we were on a walk one day". They were married on 6 November 1935. The marriage was originally planned to take place at Westminster Abbey, but was moved to the more modest Private Chapel at Buckingham Palace due to the death of Lady Alice's father, on 19 October 1935, barely a fortnight before the wedding.After suffering two miscarriages, the Duchess of Gloucester gave birth to two sons:
 Prince William of Gloucester (18 December 1941 – 28 August 1972)
 Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester (born 26 August 1944). He married a Danish commoner, Birgitte van Deurs, on 8 July 1972. The couple later had three children. The couple lived first at the Royal Pavilion in Aldershot, near the barracks of the Duke's regiment. "It was a very simple cabin" recalled the Duchess of Gloucester, and "the only royal thing about it was my husband's presence". After his father's death, the Duke bought Barnwell Manor in 1938. As their London seat, they were given York House in St James's Palace.Abdication of Edward VIII
In December 1936, Henry's brother Edward VIII abdicated the throne to marry divorcée Wallis Simpson. His brother, <mask>, ascended the throne as King George VI. Although third in line to the throne, following his two nieces Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret, Henry became the first adult in line, meaning he would act as regent if anything were to happen to the King before Princess Elizabeth came of age on 21 April 1944, her 18th birthday. Because of this, Prince Henry could not leave the UK at the same time as the King. Furthermore, he and his younger

masks:
Prince Henry
Prince Albert


texts: brother, the Duke of Kent, had to increase their royal engagements considerably to support the new King. Edward VIII, who became Duke of Windsor after abdicating, recalled that it was Henry who reacted least to the news of his abdication. The brothers had never been close and, apart from horses, they had not much in common.But Edward did admit regretting the implications the abdication would have on "The Unknown Soldier", a nickname he teasingly used to refer to Henry, owing to his low profile. The abrupt change in Prince Henry's somewhat carefree life up to that point was made clear by the new King on the very first evening of his reign. "If you two think that, now that I have taken this new job on, you can go on behaving just as you like, in the same old way, you are very much mistaken! You two have to pull yourselves together", the King warned his two younger brothers at dinner. Although the Duke of Gloucester supported his brother, and later his niece, tirelessly and dutifully, he had a fondness for whisky. On one occasion, Queen Mary wrote to the Duchess suggesting that if they were planning to visit, the Duke should bring his own supply of whisky, "as we have not got much left, and it is so expensive". Even Noble Frankland, who wrote the Duke's biography after his death at the request and under the supervision of the Duchess, wrote that: "He did not eschew a glass of whisky ... or the occasional blasphemous oath."King George VI had great affection for his younger brother. Circumstances had made them closer following the abdication, and the King trusted Prince Henry with important matters, which he dutifully undertook. Sometimes, though, the organised King found his brother's less systematic manner irritating. On one occasion after a day of shooting at Balmoral Castle, the King found a mistake on his shot-game record, where there seemed to be a pair of grouse missing. A member of staff suggested that the King call and ask the Duke of Gloucester, who


texts:
 was staying at Birkhall. When the Duke confirmed he had taken the birds, the King's gruff warning to his brother that he should never again take birds without telling him surprised the member of staff. Second World War
After the outbreak of the Second World War, the Duke of Gloucester, as Chief Liaison Officer to Lord Gort, spent almost the entire first year of the war in France.Besides boosting the troops' morale, he was useful as a first-hand witness of the situation; he reported to government officials and to the King, to whom he continually wrote detailed and objective accounts of what was happening. Always eager to get involved, the Duke often found himself in dangerous situations, but did not seem overly worried. "Motoring about is not nice as many villages are being bombed," he wrote to his wife in his usual straightforward and dismissive manner. The Duke's two narrowest escapes both came in May 1940. Having known King Leopold III of Belgium from school days, the Duke wanted to meet him personally to offer support after rumours began circulating that Belgium would surrender to Germany. On 14 May, he and his brother-in-law, Lord William Scott, drove from Hotel Univers in Arras into Belgium to see the King of the Belgians at a secret location. That night, Hotel Univers was bombed, resulting in several deaths, including those staying in the rooms next to the Duke's.The Duke wrote to his brother that King Leopold was "very depressed". As the Duke and Lord William Scott drove back, they were caught up in heavy enemy bombing in Tournai, where their car caught fire. They managed to get out and dive into an alleyway, although not unscathed as the Duke needed medical attention for a profusely bleeding wound. Although generally optimistic, Prince Henry did sometimes suffer from bouts of depression during his service in 1940, especially at the end of his occasional leaves. "My beloved Alice, I did hate leaving you yesterday so very much that I could hardly keep


texts:
 a straight face", he wrote to his wife after reporting back. The strains of living at the French front also diminished his resolve at times: "I think I hate this country and war more than ever... it is such an awful waste of everything," he told the Duchess. In June, after the fall of Dunkirk, the Duke was ordered back to England by an embarrassed General Headquarters, which had not been able to assure the King's brother's safety."Wherever I went or had been, I was bombed" the Duke explained to his mother, amused. In early 1942 the King arranged a four-month-long military and diplomatic mission for the Duke to the Middle East, India, and East Africa. The mission came just after Prince Henry had become a father for the first time, and it was considered a dangerous trip, as the Germans were rapidly advancing toward some of the territories the Duke would visit. The King even wrote to his sister-in-law that he would act as guardian of the newly born Prince William if anything should happen to his brother. After Prince Henry's younger brother, the Duke of Kent, died in a plane crash in Scotland in August 1942, it was decided that the <mask> of Gloucester would not be sent on any further missions that could prove dangerous. Governor-General of Australia

In late 1944 the Duke was unexpectedly appointed Governor-General of Australia after the death in 1942 of his younger brother, the Duke of Kent, who had previously been offered the position. The Duke had made a successful visit to Australia in 1934.Because the Duke was shy, he sometimes appeared stiff and formal, but he and the Duchess travelled widely in Australia using his own plane during their time in office. When Prime Minister Curtin died in 1945, the Duke appointed Frank Forde as prime minister. <mask> left Australia in March 1947, after two years in the post, due to the need to act as Senior Counsellor of State during a visit by George VI and Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret to South Africa. As a parting

masks: Duke Gloucester


texts:
 gift, he left his own plane for use by the government and people of Australia. Later life

In May 1949, May 1961, May 1962, and May 1963, the Duke served in the office of Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, which temporarily afforded him precedence in Scotland immediately below the King and Queen. The Duke attended the coronation of his niece Elizabeth II in 1953. Both the Duke and Duchess carried out royal engagements, including several overseas tours.In 1954 the Duke served as the Treasurer of the Honourable Society of Gray's Inn. He suffered a series of strokes in later years; his first was in 1965 while he and his wife, Alice, were returning from Sir Winston Churchill's funeral ceremony in their vehicle, which resulted in a car crash. This, together with later strokes, left him dependent on a wheelchair, and he was unable to speak in his last remaining years. His last public appearance was at the unveiling of Queen Mary's plaque at Marlborough House in 1967, where he appeared weak and considerably older than the Duke of Windsor. By 1972, he was too ill to attend the funeral of the Duke of Windsor in May or the wedding of his younger son, Prince Richard, in July. In August, the Duke's elder son, <mask>, died in a plane crash; by that point, he was in such poor health that his wife hesitated about whether to tell him. She later admitted in her memoirs that she did not, but that he may have learned of their son's death from television coverage.Death
He died on 10 June 1974 at the age of 74. He was the last surviving child of King George V and Queen Mary. His body was buried in the Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore. His second son, <mask>, inherited the title of Duke of Gloucester. The Duke's widow, Alice, received permission from Queen Elizabeth II to be styled Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, to distinguish herself from Prince Richard's wife. She survived until 2004, becoming the longest-lived member of the British

masks:
Prince William
Prince Richard


texts:
<mask> (; born September 23, 1958) is an economist and a former chair of the political science department at Duke University, where he continues to teach political science, public policy, and economics. He is a prolific writer, and his book Analyzing Policy: Choices, Conflicts, and Practices is now a standard work in the field of policy analysis. In 2008 he was the Libertarian candidate for Governor of North Carolina. Biography
Munger studied economics at Davidson College, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in 1980. He then did graduate study in economics at Washington University in St. Louis, earning an Master of Arts in 1982 and a Ph.D. in 1984 with a dissertation entitled "Institutions and Outcomes: Two Essays on the Importance of Legislative Structure for Understanding Public Policy". He is a past president of the Public Choice Society and (since 2013) a co-editor of The Independent Review, a publication of the Independent Institute, where he is a senior fellow. He has been published in the American Political Science Review, the American Journal of Political Science, and the Journal of Politics and has had books published with the Cambridge University Press and the University of Michigan Press.Since March 2012 he has been a member of the Board of Visitors of Ralston College. He also serves as an Adjunct Scholar at the Cato Institute and as a member of the Academic Council of the Jack Miller Center. He writes for the Bleeding Heart Libertarians blog and the Learn Liberty blog. Career
Munger has worked as a staff economist for the Federal Trade Commission and taught at Dartmouth College, the University of Texas at Austin, and UNC-Chapel Hill before becoming a political science professor at Duke University in 1997. In 2000, he became the head of Duke's political science department. His research centers around elections and campaign finance. At Duke, Munger says he works "across the aisles – there aren't a lot of other Libertarians there."Three scholars, namely Melvin Hinich, Douglass North and Barry Weingast, were reported to be heavily influential to <mask>. In 2011, Munger portrayed a security guard at the beginning of a video titled "Fight of the Century",

masks:
Michael Curtis Munger
Munger


texts:
 featuring a rap battle between actors portraying economists John Meynard Keynes and Friedrich Hayek, discussing the effects of government spending on the economy. As of December 2017, the video has amassed over 3.8 million views. Gubernatorial campaign
Feeling that North Carolina voters needed an alternative to the two party duopoly, <mask> ran as a Libertarian candidate for Governor of North Carolina in 2008. Early in the year, Munger said that Democratic gubernatorial challenger Bev Perdue was a "Stepford Wife" and the Republican nominees were "circus clowns." Prior to May 2008, the North Carolina Libertarian Party and Munger gathered 100,000 signatures of voters in order to qualify to appear on North Carolina's ballot. They, along with the Green Party, sued the state unsuccessfully over the ballot access rules.Munger appeared as an expert witness in other cases on behalf of the Green Party and the ACLU. Munger appeared as one of two keynote speakers at the national Libertarian convention in Denver in May 2008. He later made history as the first third-party candidate to participate in a live, televised gubernatorial debate in North Carolina. The progressive Independent Weekly said of Munger: "Were there no substantive differences between the major-party candidates, we'd be recommending a protest vote for Libertarian Party candidate <mask><mask>, based on the elements of his platform that make him the self-proclaimed 'liberal in the race.'" On election day Munger received 121,585 votes for 2.85% of the total vote. Following the election, Nick Gillespie of Reason magazine wrote: "I humbly submit that Duke University political science professor <mask>, who ran a strong bid as a Libertarian Party candidate for governor in North Carolina, set his eyes toward an even bigger and remote target in 2012, that stationary Death Star known as the White House." Political positions
Munger made education a centerpiece of his gubernatorial campaign, saying that allowing more charter schools is the first thing he would do: "Rich people have choices now.I want everyone to have a choice." He would give $1,500 education vouchers to low-income students in the poorest 40 counties of

masks:
Munger
Michael C
. Munger
Michael Munger


texts:
 North Carolina; since most would stay in public school, this would have the effect of increasing aid to poor schools. Munger has taken more socially liberal positions on many issues than the Democratic candidate for governor, Bev Perdue. "One reason I haven't been allowed in all the debates is that I'm taking votes from the Democrats. Sixty percent of my supporters are voting for Obama. I'll talk about gay marriage, and Perdue isn't, or doesn't want to." While Democratic candidate Perdue has taken a hard line on illegal immigration similar to that of Republican Pat McCrory, Munger has a position more aligned with Barack Obama.Munger opposes the death penalty, and believes children of illegal immigrants should be allowed into University of North Carolina System schools and community colleges. He believes that the government should do what it can to prevent illegal immigrants from entering the country, but once they are here, they should be treated fairly and given access to education or an "apartheid" will result "with fertile pickings for gang recruitment and exploitation by unscrupulous employers." He believes that more rural roads should be built rather than "urban highways." Publications
 Tomorrow 3.0: Transaction Costs and the Sharing Economy (2018). Cambridge University Press. .
Ideology and the Theory of Political Choice (1996). University of Michigan Press. Co-authored by Mel Henich.Ebook

See also
 Libertarianism in the United States
 List of economists
 Neoclassical liberalism

References

External links
 Munger's Academic Website (Duke University)
 Duke University PPE Program C.V.
 Weigel, David (2008-10-27) The Third Man, Reason
 News & Observer: Professor seeks ballot spot
 Munger Campaign website
 Short Essay by <mask> in Imagineer magazine on the 2008 housing collapse. 1958 births
Living people
American political scientists
Cato Institute people
Davidson College alumni
Duke University faculty
Left-libertarians
Libertarian economists
North Carolina Libertarians
People from Orange County, Florida
Writers from Raleigh, North Carolina
Washington University in St. Louis alumni
Economists from Florida
Economists from North Carolina
21st-century American


texts:
<mask> (17 July 1942 – 1 October 2019) was an English journalist and broadcaster. He was a newscaster for ITN, providing bulletins on ITV and Channel 4, before becoming the presenter of the BBC's Question Time between 1989 and 1993, and a presenter of the BBC Nine O'Clock News and Ten O'Clock News between 1993 and 2003. He retired from the BBC in 2009 and died in 2019 from leukaemia. Early life
Born at Smithdown Road Hospital in Liverpool, Sissons was the third of four brothers, sons of Merchant Navy officer <mask> and his wife Elsie Emma (Evans). He attended Dovedale Junior School with John Lennon and Jimmy Tarbuck, passed the eleven-plus and attended the Liverpool Institute for Boys from 1953 to 1961 with the theatre producer Bill Kenwright, the politician Steven Norris, and George Harrison and Paul McCartney from the Beatles. He studied philosophy, politics and economics at University College, Oxford, where he was treasurer of the University College Players, with whom he also acted, produced, directed and organised. Career

ITN
Sissons joined ITN in 1964, working his way up to the role of journalist.He was wounded by gunfire whilst covering the Biafran War in 1968, sustaining severe nerve damage in his left leg. After recovering from his injuries, he became ITN's Industrial Editor, covering many high-profile disputes during the 1970s. On 6 September 1976, Sissons joined the list of presenters of ITN's lunchtime ITN News at One bulletin, alternating with Leonard Parkin. He also co-presented ITN's 1983 General Election Night programmes (with Sir Alastair Burnet and Martyn Lewis) and in 1987 (with Burnet and Alastair

masks:
Peter George Sissons
George Robert Percival Sissons


texts:
 Stewart). In 1982, <mask>, along with Trevor McDonald and Sarah Hogg, presented the first edition of Channel 4 News. He remained on the programme for seven years, anchoring the only debate between National Union of Mineworkers leader Arthur Scargill and National Coal Board leader Ian MacGregor during the 1984–85 miners' strike. He was also the presenter on the night of the Lockerbie bombing in December 1988.In early 1989, Sissons received a death threat following his interview of an Iranian representative as part of the reaction surrounding the publication of The Satanic Verses, with the fatwa covering Salman Rushdie extended to cover him as well. <mask> left ITN in 1989 to join the BBC. BBC
In June 1989, <mask> took over from Sir Robin Day as the presenter of Question Time. He continued until December 1993, when he was followed by David Dimbleby. He co-presented BBC's 1992 General Election Night coverage with Dimbleby and <mask>. He worked for ITN, Channel 4 News and BBC News, where he hosted the BBC Nine O'Clock News and the Ten O'Clock News. He was dropped from this position in January 2003.Sissons reportedly accused the BBC of ageism in response to its decision to remove him from the bulletin. In 2002, Sissons announced the death of the Queen Mother on the BBC. This broadcast created controversy and criticism from some newspapers as he wore a burgundy tie and not a black one, deemed more appropriate for such news. He later defended his choice and a senior BBC source said: "We thought if the newsreader suddenly rushed off screen to change into a black tie for the announcement it would be a distraction for viewers."

masks:
Sissons
Sissons
Sissons
Peter Snow


texts:
 Sissons subsequently presented weekend afternoons on BBC News, the corporation's 24-hour rolling news channel, although until 2004 he still occasionally appeared on the Ten O'Clock News when Huw Edwards, Fiona Bruce and Darren Jordon were unavailable. Sissons also presented News 24 Sunday, the replacement for Andrew Marr's BBC One programme The Andrew Marr Show when it was off air during the summer. He also occasionally presented weekend bulletins on BBC One.He retired from the BBC in 2009, announcing on 12 June his intention to retire in the summer in order to write his memoirs. Sissons cited a 2009 interview he conducted with Harriet Harman as the final catalyst for his decision to leave the BBC. He noted how producers seemed "twitchy" about leaving him to interview the Labour politician unsupervised, and that those producers contacting him with advice "seemed to be fully paid-up members of her fan club." Sissons noted his shock at being urged not to raise the issue of a breaking controversy surrounding Gordon Brown failing to invite the Queen to a D-Day commemoration event, because it was "only a campaign being run by the Daily Mail". He asked the question anyhow, and upon arriving home afterwards decided he no longer wished to work for the organisation. Autobiography
Following his retirement, Sissons published his 2011 autobiography When One Door Closes, in which he was highly critical of his former employer, the BBC. He argued that the organisation had a left-wing mindset "in its very DNA" and that BBC News had a bias towards New Labour, the United Nations, the European Union, environmental groups, Islam, ethnic


texts:
 minorities, and women.He wrote, "I am in no doubt that the majority of BBC staff vote for political parties of the Left". Sissons also highlighted the BBC's corresponding bias towards the Independent and Guardian newspapers, stating "producers refer to them routinely for the line to take on running stories, and for inspiration on which items to cover." Personal life

Sissons had three children, one of whom, <mask>, is an actress. Sissons lived in Sevenoaks, Kent, with his wife Sylvia (), and had a second home on the island of Barbados. Sissons was a Liverpool John Moores University Honorary Fellow and delivered a lecture on 19 June 2008 speaking about the city of Liverpool. He was a lifelong supporter of Liverpool Football Club. Death
<mask> died at the age of 77 on 1 October 2019 at the Maidstone Hospital in Kent from leukaemia.The Director-General of the BBC, Tony Hall, hailed him as "one of the great television figures of his time". Other tributes to Sissons were paid by Huw Edwards, Tony Blair, Piers Morgan, Simon McCoy and Jon Snow. Sissons' former classmate Paul McCartney posted a tribute on his website. References

External links

   Nigeria-Biafra War, Road to Umuahia, British TV Reporter <mask>s Shot & injured, Oct. 1968

1942 births
2019 deaths
Alumni of University College, Oxford
BBC newsreaders and journalists
British television newsreaders and news presenters
English reporters and correspondents
English television journalists
English television presenters
ITN newsreaders and journalists
People educated at Liverpool Institute High School for Boys
Question Time (TV programme)
Television presenters from

masks:
Kate Sissons
Peter Sissons
Peter Sisson


texts:
<mask> is an American lawyer, law professor, and officer in the United States Air Force Reserve. Education
Frakt is a 1987 graduate of the University High School, Irvine, California and a 1990 graduate of the University of California, Irvine, where he was named "Outstanding Senior" of his graduating class, and a 1994 honors graduate of Harvard Law School. Career
Frakt is notable for his appointment to defend Guantanamo detainee <mask>, an alleged combatant facing charges for events that took place when he was a minor. Jawad is one of two detainees, along with Omar Khadr, to be prosecuted for acts they allegedly committed while juveniles. Frakt also represents another Guantanamo detainee who faced a military commission, Ali Hamza al-Bahlul, the alleged Al Qaida propaganda chief from Yemen. Frakt retired in 2018 as a Lieutenant Colonel after 23 years in the U.S. Air Force Reserve JAG Corps. He previously was a law professor at several law schools including Western State University College of Law in California, the Barry University Dwayne O. Andreas School of Law in Orlando, Florida, and the University of Pittsburgh School of Law.He was also an adjunct at the Georgetown Law Center. In April 2014, Frakt was a candidate for the deanship of Florida Coastal School of Law. In the middle of giving a presentation where he described his ideas for addressing major problems at the school such as declining enrollment, reduced admission standards, and low morale, he was reportedly stopped by the school's president, told to stop "insulting" the faculty, and was then asked to leave. This episode was later dramatized in the 2017 documentary film Law School Confidential. Challenged Brigadier Thomas Hartmann's role

On June 19, 2008 Frakt challenged the role of Brigadier General Thomas W. Hartmann in choosing his client <mask> for trial. Frakt argued that Hartmann had "...exercised unlawful command influence." Hartmann had been appointed the legal advisor to the convening authority—the number two in

masks:
David Frakt
Mohammed Jawad
Mohammed Jawad


texts: the Office of Military Commissions, in the summer of 2007, and had immediately overrode the decisions of Colonel Morris Davis, who was then the Chief Prosecutor, when Davis was on leave.Hartmann was widely quoted as saying the Prosecution should choose to charge captives based on whether their trials would: "...capture the imagination of the American people." In May 2008 Captain Keith Allred, the Presiding Officer of Salim Ahmed Hamdan's Military Commission, ruled that Hartmann could no longer play any role in Hamdan's Commission process because of the appearance of impropriety shown by his participation to date. <mask> argued to Colonel Stephen R. Henley, the Presiding Officer of Jawad's military commission, that Hartmann should be barred from any further participation in Jawad's Prosecution because of his exercise of "unlawful command interference." The June 19, 2008, hearing where Frakt challenged Hartmann's participation and argued for dismissal of the charges based on torture and outrageous government conduct lasted 14 hours. According to <mask>, of the Miami Herald, Frakt argued that Jawad had been subjected to: "...pointless and sadistic treatment [in a] bleak underworld of barbarism and cruelty, of anything goes, of torture." <mask>'s closing argument has been widely praised in the media. <mask> Dakwar, Director of the Human Rights Program for the ACLU called the argument "an historic closing argument that should be taught in every military academy across the country."Deborah Colson, of Human Rights First, in a report in the Huffington Post, called the argument a "most powerful indictment of Bush administration policies." Michael Winship, of Bill Moyer's Journal, called the argument "an unusual and especially fine expression of American patriotism." Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist Anthony Lewis described the argument as "a remarkable display of legal and moral courage." <mask> also argued, during his challenge of Hartmann's unlawful influence, that the Prosecution had

masks:
Frakt
Carol Rosenberg
Frakt
Jamil
Frakt


texts:
 failed to release important records to the Defense, and that this showed that the process through which <mask>d was charged was rushed and without proper preparation. On August 14, 2008 Henley barred Hartmann from future participation in <mask>'s commission. According to Mike Melia, writing for the Associated Press, Henley ruled that Hartmann: "...compromised his objectivity in public statements aligning himself with prosecutors and defending the Pentagon's system for prosecuting alleged terrorists." However, Henley chose not to dismiss the charges against <mask>d because of Hartmann's controversial conduct.He did rule that <mask> was authorized to submit arguments for dropping the charges against Jawad directly to Susan J. Crawford, the Convening Authority, as to whether charges against Jawad were justified. On September 12, Hartmann was removed from his position as Legal Advisor, and three days later Frakt submitted a plea to the Convening Authority to dismiss the charges, which included matters in mitigation and extenuation, legal arguments, and letters and a petition from concerned citizens. On September 23, Crawford rejected this appeal and reaffirmed her earlier decision to refer charges against <mask> to trial. Comments on Frakt's efforts to have the charges against Jawad dismissed due to abusive conduct, including the "frequent flyer program"

In June 2008, prosecutor Lt Col Darrel Vandeveld turned over detention records which had been previously withheld to the defense. These records demonstrated that <mask> had been subjected to the controversial "frequent flyer program" a euphemistic term used by Guantanamo detention officials to describe a frequent cell movement program which resulted in sleep disruption and deprivation. These records were made available to Frakt shortly before <mask>'s first hearing before his Military Commission. Based on these records, Frakt sought to have the charges against <mask>d dismissed on the grounds of torture and "outrageous government

masks:
Jawa
Mohammed Jawad
Jawa
Frakt
Mohammad Jawad
Mohammed Jawad
Mohammed Jawad
Jawa


texts:
 conduct."Frakt reported at <mask>'s June 19, 2008 Commission hearing that those records showed that <mask>d had been moved 112 times in a two-week period in May 2004. Following previous inquiries into abusive treatment of detainees, this technique had reportedly been ordered discontinued two months prior to its use on Jawad by the then Commanding Officer of JTF-Guantanamo, Brig Gen <mask>. On July 11, 2008, in another filing submitted to the Military Commission Frakt reported that the Prosecution had withheld evidence of the medical effects on his client of the two weeks of sleep deprivation. Frakt reported that Jawad's medical records, which had only recently been made available to him, contradicted the Prosecution's claims that Jawad had suffered "no ill effects" from the sleep deprivation. Frakt reported that the medical records showed that <mask>d had lost ten percent of his body weight during his sleep deprivation, and that he had told doctors he had been urinating blood. On August 7, 2008 an article in The Washington Post reported that newly published documents showed that the prohibited sleep deprivation technique had been in wider use than had previously been known.The Washington Post report quoted Frakt's response to the news of this violation:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|
"...no one actually knows the full scope of the abuses at Guantanamo." "...all of these allegedly comprehensive investigations were whitewashes.This is only the tip of the iceberg." "This program was approved at the highest levels. ... It suggests that people had simply lost their ability to distinguish right from wrong." |}

Additional hearings were held on August 13–14 and September 26–27, 2008. At the August 13–14 hearing, an intelligence officer formerly stationed at Guantanamo testified that the frequent flyer program was "standard operating procedure" and was used on dozens of detainees until at least April 2005. On September 24, Col. Henley ruled that the frequent flyer program was cruel,

masks:
Jawad
Jawa
Jay Hood
Jawa


texts:
 abusive and inhumane treatment, and recommended those responsible be punished.However, he declined to dismiss the charges against <mask>, ruling that other lesser remedies were adequate to address the abuse. The next hearing is scheduled for December. Comments on Lt Col Darrel Vandeveld's resignation

On September 9, 2008, former lead prosecutor Lieutenant Colonel Darrel Vandeveld, an Army Reserve JAG, requested to be reassigned to other duties rather than continue to serve as prosecutor on the <mask> case. On September 24, 2008 Frakt commented on Lt Col Darrel Vandeveld's recent resignation,
He said Vandeveld, whose resignation document has not yet been released: "could no longer continue to serve ethically as a prosecutor." According to The New York Times, Frakt said Vandeveld had been "troubled" by the orders he had been given. Frakt told The New York Times that Vandeveld had recommended a plea bargain and early release for Jawad, and had been overruled. Vandeveld later testified in a hearing on September 27, 2008 at Guantanamo that exculpatory evidence had been withheld from the Jawad defense, and that he had resigned because of concerns about the discovery process and his inability to determine whether all relevant discovery had been disclosed to the defense due to "systemic problems" with discovery at the Office of Military Commissions.<mask>'s noncombatant status

In July 2009 US District Court Judge Ellen Huvelle ruled <mask>d was a noncombatant. On July 28, 2009 <mask> filed a motion in Mohammed's military commission following Huvelle's ruling. He argued that the military commissions were only authorized to try illegal enemy combatants, and since he was officially a noncombatant his military commission lacked jurisdiction. Efforts to support <mask>'s re-integration into Afghan society

On September 21, 2009 historian Andy Worthington, author of The Guantanamo Files, published a letter from Frakt that documented the role he and his colleagues had hoped to play in

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Jawad
Jawad
Mohammed Jawad
Mohammed Jawa
Frakt
Mohammed Jawad


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 <mask>'s re-integration into Afghan society. Frakt had argued to Susan Crawford that while civilian Defense attorneys didn't traditionally play a role in the lives of their clients, after their trials, the tradition for military Defense counsel was the opposite. Further, he argued that, as a child captive the literature strongly recommended the released captive be in the company of trusted adults—and the only trusted adults in his life recently had been his Defense counsel. Frakt also described, at length, the significant role played by his colleagues on "Team Jawad", Commander Katharine Doxakis, Major Eric Montalvo USMCR, Captain Chris Kannady, USMC, civilian counsels Hina Shamsi, <mask>, Art Spitzer, military and civilian paralegals, a team of law students from Duke University, and a law student named <mask>, from Yale Law School.Publications

Frakt is the author of dozens of law review articles, book chapters, essays and op-eds. CNN published an Op-ed by Frakt, on March 17, 2010. Frakt argued that those Guantanamo captives who were to be tried, should be tried in a regular court of law, not the irregular military commissions. He congratulated Attorney General Eric Holder for his plans to try the most senior suspects in civilian court. But he criticized Holder for planning to continue to try other suspects in the military commission system, writing:

He wrote that Ali Al Bahlul and Salim Ahmed Hamdan's convictions were being appealed, and he warned that it was not clear that their convictions would be upheld by the Court of Military Commission Review, due to many procedural errors. In the winter of 2012 Frakt published a one hundred and twenty page article in the University of Pittsburgh Law Review, entitle: Prisoners of Congress: The Constitutional and political clash over detainees and the closure of Guantanamo''. References

External links

Guantanamo Bay attorneys
Harvard Law School alumni
University of California, Irvine alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living

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Mohammed Jawad
Jonathan Hafetz
Joe Pace


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<mask> (born July 25, 1970) is an American jazz drummer, composer, session musician, and singer-songwriter. Biography

Early years

<mask> was born and raised in Shreveport, Louisiana. The first music he experienced was gospel and songs of praise at the Zion Baptist Church where his father, Brady L<mask>, Sr., has been the pastor for fifty-two years. In elementary school, music appreciation classes were an important part of his development and at age nine, he began playing the violin. Inspired by his older brother, <mask>, Jr., who had been the drummer at Zion Baptist Church, <mask> shifted his focus to the drums throughout middle and high school. During high school, while studying with Dorsey Summerfield, Jr., <mask> began listening to the music of John Coltrane, Charlie Parker, Miles Davis, Art Blakey, Thelonious Monk, Elvin Jones, and Joni Mitchell. By the age of eighteen, <mask> moved to New Orleans to attend Loyola University.From 1988 through 1993, he studied and played with most of the master musicians living in New Orleans, including Johnny Vidacovich, Ellis Marsalis, Steve Masakowski, Bill Huntington, Mike Pellera, John Mahoney, George French, Germaine Bazzle, David Lee, Jr., Alvin Red Tyler, Tony Dagradi and Harold Battiste. The Fellowship Band and sideman work
In 1997, <mask> formed The Fellowship Band with pianist Jon Cowherd, bassist Chris Thomas, saxophonists Myron Walden and Melvin Butler, guitarist Jeff Parker, and pedal steel guitarist Dave Easley. The band released its debut

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Brian Blade
Blade
. Blade
Brady Blade
Brian
Blade
Brian
Blade


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 album, Brian Blade Fellowship, in 1998, Perceptual (with guitarist Kurt Rosenwinkel) in 2000, Season of Changes in 2008, Landmarks in 2014, and Body and Shadow in 2017. Reviewing the band's 2014 Landmarks album, John Kelman wrote:
As the Fellowship Band has grown, it has moved away from overt traditional references, even though they're an undercurrent throughout. Instead, as it explores milestones both inner and outer, Landmarks further speaks with the singular voice that the Fellowship Band has built upon since inception. Blending folkloric references, hints of church and spiritual concerns, jazz modality and countrified touchstones, Landmarks is the perfect name for <mask> & The Fellowship Band's fourth album; beyond its meaning to the group, it truly is yet another landmark recording in the core quintet's evolutionary travels. It may have come after a long gap in time, but that only makes it a wait all the more worthwhile.While continuing to work with the Fellowship Band, since 2000 <mask> has also been a member of Wayne Shorter's quartet. <mask> grew up listening to Shorter's albums, and started playing with Shorter at 30 years old, along with Danilo Perez and John Patitucci.He has also recorded with Daniel Lanois, Joni Mitchell, Ellis Marsalis, Marianne Faithfull, Emmylou Harris, Billy Childs, Herbie Hancock, and Bob Dylan. Singer-songwriter work
In 2009, <mask> released Mama Rosa, his first album as a singer-songwriter, with songs dedicated to his grandmother and family. The album featured

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Brian Blade
Blade
Blade
Blade


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 Daniel Lanois, vocalists Kelly Jones and Daryl Johnson, bassist Chris Thomas, guitarists Kurt Rosenwinkel and Geoffrey Moore, pedal steel guitarists Greg Leisz and Patrick Smith, and pianists Aaron Embry and Jon Cowherd. It was co-produced by <mask> and Adam Samuels. The live band includes Steven Nistor on drums. On April 30, 2016, <mask> played at the White House in Washington, D.C., as part of The International Jazz Day Global Concert.Honors
2013: ECHO Jazz Award "International Artist of the Year Drums/Percussion", for Quiver. 2013: Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album for Trilogy (Concord), with Chick Corea. Equipment
<mask> uses vintage Gretsch, Ludwig, Sonor and Slingerland drums. He plays Canopus drums when touring in Japan. He has used a variety of cymbals over the years, including multiple ride cymbals made from Roberto Spizzichino, vintage A Zildjians, and often a 22" Zildjian K Constantinople Light Ride (discontinued model). His acoustic guitar is a mid-1950s Gibson LG-3. (Borandá)
 2015: Brooklyn (Three Faces)

With Joshua Redman
 1994: MoodSwing (Warner Bros.)
 1995: Spirit of the Moment – Live at the Village Vanguard (Warner Bros.)
 1996: Freedom in the Groove (Warner Bros.)
 1998: Timeless Tales (for changing times) (Warner Bros.)
 2002: Elastic (Warner Bros.)
 2005: Momentum (Nonesuch)
 2007: Back East (Nonesuch)
 2009: Compass (Nonesuch)
 2013: Walking Shadows (Nonesuch)
 2018: Still Dreaming (Nonesuch)
 2020: RoundAgain (Nonesuch)

With Wayne Shorter
 2002: Footprints

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Brian Blade
Blade
Blade


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<mask> (born March 15, 1936) is an American businessman and politician who served as the 47th Governor of Tennessee from 1995 to 2003. Prior to his governorship, he represented Tennessee's 7th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 1995. He is a member of the Republican Party. Early life
<mask> was born in Moline, Illinois, the son of Kenneth and Louise (Rohren<mask>. His father was of Swedish descent, while his mother was of German descent. After graduating from Moline High School in 1953, he attended Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois, obtaining his B.A. in Business Administration in 1957.He was a member of the Rho Nu Delta fraternity at Augustana. He served in the United States Navy from 1957 to 1963, including two years on active duty. <mask> joined Jostens in 1961, and initially worked at the company's plants in Princeton, Illinois, and Owatonna, Minnesota. In 1962, he was transferred to the company plant in Shelbyville, Tennessee, where he became plant manager. He left Jostens in 1972 and moved to Memphis, where he established an advertising and printing firm, Graphic Sales of America. While in Memphis, <mask> became active in Republican Party politics. He served as an organizer of the Goldwater-for-President campaign in 1964.He served as Chair of the national Young Republicans from 1971 to 1973, and chair of the Shelby County Republican Party from 1975 to 1977. He was a delegate to the 1976 Republican National Convention and the 1980 Republican National Convention, and managed the presidential campaign of Howard Baker in the 1980 election. U.S. House of Representatives

In 1982, <mask> sought the seat of Congressman Robin Beard, who was retiring to run against Jim Sasser for the U.S. Senate. Beard's district, the 6th, had been

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Donald Kenneth Sundquist
Sundquist
) Sundquist
Sundquist
Sundquist
Sundquist


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 renumbered as the 7th following redistricting. In the general election, <mask> edged Bob Clement, son of former Governor Frank G. Clement, by just over 1,000 votes out of over 145,000 votes cast. He would never face another contest nearly that close; he was unopposed for reelection in 1984 and was reelected three more times after that with almost no difficulty. While in Congress, <mask> established a conservative voting record, and was popular with conservative-oriented groups such as the National Federation of Independent Businesses and the American Conservative Union.He was a member of the House Ways and Means Committee, serving on the Subcommittee on Trade and the Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures. He was also a member of the Republican Task Force on Trade, and the Republican Task Force on Ethics Reform. Governor of Tennessee

First term
In 1994, <mask> ran for governor of Tennessee in the race to replace the Democratic incumbent, Ned McWherter, who was term-limited. He easily won the nomination, winning over 80% of the vote in the primary, and faced the Democratic nominee, Nashville mayor Phil Bredesen, in the general election. Bredesen criticized <mask> for voting against a minimum wage increase while voting for a congressional pay raise. <mask> accused Bredesen of flip-flopping on issues such as public funding for abortion and school privatization. On election day, <mask> won, 807,104 votes to 664,252.During his first term, <mask> focused on government efficiency and welfare reform. He signed the "Families First" bill in 1996, which reduced the number of families on welfare from 70,000 to 30,000. He also signed a series of crime-related measures which called for tougher sentences and more focus on victims' rights. In 1996, <mask> eliminated the state's scandal-ridden

masks: Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist


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 Public Service Commission, replacing it with the Tennessee Regulatory Authority. That same year, he created the Department of Children's Services. Second term
In 1998, <mask> easily won renomination, defeating Memphis realtor Shirley Beck-Vosse, 258,786 votes to 28,951. In the general election, he easily defeated his Democratic opponent, John Jay Hooker, 669,973 votes to 287,790.Shortly after winning reelection in November 1998, <mask> implemented the ConnectTen program, which made Tennessee the first state in the nation to connect its schools and libraries to the Internet. During his second term, <mask> set out to raise more revenue for the state, which had traditionally been one of the lowest-tax jurisdictions in the country. He was concerned that the sales tax, which the state relied upon for much of its revenue, was too unstable, and prevented the state from competing with other Southern states in education and infrastructure. His tax reform plan therefore included a state income tax, the proposal of which had long been a third rail in Tennessee state politics. Many of his political allies turned against him, and anti-income tax street demonstrations were held in Nashville. In July 2001, demonstrators vandalized <mask>'s office, and broke windows in the state capitol when the legislature was considering the income tax measure. Post-governorship

In 2002, toward the end of Sundquist's second term, a Nashville television station, NewsChannel 5, uncovered evidence businesses owned by <mask>'s friends were illegally given no-bid contracts by the state.In December of that year, the FBI raided the offices of Education Networks of America (ENA), founded by <mask>'s friend, Al Ganier, as part of an investigation into whether or not Ganier used his relationship with <mask> to obtain

masks: Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist Sundquist


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 millions of dollars worth of state contracts (including the ConnectTenn contract). Ganier eventually pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge of unauthorized use of a computer. In May 2004, a Labor Department employee, Joanna Ediger, was convicted of rigging a $2 million state contract for Workforce Strategists, a company owned by another Sundquist friend, John Stamps. The following year, Stamps pleaded guilty to four counts of tax evasion and one count of making false statements. U.S. District Judge Karl Forester said <mask> was the "impetus" for the investigations, although he was never implicated in any wrongdoing, nor were any senior members of his administration. In July 2005, <mask> was named head of a national panel on improving Medicaid. <mask> is a lobbyist and works for the firm he co-founded, Sundquist Anthony.He also served as state vice chair of the John McCain presidential campaign team. <mask>'s papers are held at the University of Tennessee Libraries. Honours
 Order of the Rising Sun, 2nd Class, Gold and Silver Star (2018)

References

External links
 National Governors Association

 <mask> Papers (Finding Aid), University of Tennessee Libraries

|-

1936 births
Governors of Tennessee
Living people
American Lutherans
American people of German descent
American people of Swedish descent
Augustana College (Illinois) alumni
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee
Tennessee Republicans
United States Navy sailors
People from Blount County, Tennessee
People from Moline, Illinois
Military personnel from Illinois
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Republican Party state governors of the United States
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun, 2nd

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Sundquist
Sundquist
Sundquist
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Don Sundquist


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<mask> (born May 19, 1958) is an American attorney, former federal prosecutor, and politician who served as the 56th mayor of Seattle, Washington. She is the daughter of Martin Durkan. Durkan is a member of the Democratic Party. After earning her Juris Doctor from University of Washington School of Law in 1985, Durkan began practicing law as a criminal defense lawyer and civil litigator. In October 2009, President Barack Obama appointed her United States Attorney for the Western District of Washington. She held that position until September 2014. Durkan was elected the 56th mayor of Seattle in 2017, becoming the city's first female mayor since the 1920s and its second openly LGBT elected mayor.She took first place in the nonpartisan August primary and defeated urban planner and political activist Cary Moon in the November general election. She and her partner, Dana Garvey, have two sons. Durkan was criticized for her response to the George Floyd protests in Seattle and her handling of protesters and law enforcement in the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone. In December 2020, she announced that she would not seek reelection after her term as mayor ends. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Seattle on May 19, 1958. She was raised in a large Irish Catholic family of eight siblings. The family lived on Mercer Island in the mid-1950s and Bellevue in the early 1960s, before settling in rural Issaquah during a time "when there [wasn't] any development."Her father, <mask>, was a prominent Seattle-area lawyer, Democratic legislator, and lobbyist whose career included 16 years in the state Senate and two unsuccessful runs for governor. Her mother was primarily a homemaker who supported her husband's career, though she eventually became an executive editor of the

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Jenny Anne Durkan
Jenny Durkan
Martin Durkan


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 Ballard News-Tribune and wrote editorials. Durkan attended Forest Ridge School of the Sacred Heart, a private Catholic girls' school in Washington State. She spent part of her junior year of high school as an exchange student in London and said that "the best part of the experience was traveling through England to Scotland, France, Austria, Switzerland and Germany." A high-school classmate of Durkan's remembers her as "super independent, and rough-and-tumble…strong-willed and adventurous." Durkan earned her B.A. degree from the University of Notre Dame in 1980.At Notre Dame, she tried out for the basketball team before being cut and ending up as the team's statistician. After graduating, Durkan spent two years in Alaska, teaching high-school English and coaching a girls' basketball team in the Yup’ik Eskimo community through the Jesuit Volunteer Corps. After a summer working as a baggage handler for Wien Air Alaska in St. Mary's, Alaska as a dues-paying Teamster, Durkan enrolled in the University of Washington School of Law, earning her J.D. degree in 1985. "I wanted to be a lawyer since I was 5 years old," she told the Seattle Post-Intelligencer in 1992. "When I graduated from law school, my mother said, 'Finally someone is going to pay you to argue."' Private practice
While in law school, Durkan participated in a pilot criminal defense clinic, working with the public defender's office to represent individuals charged in Seattle municipal court.She continued the work on a pro bono basis, until she moved to Washington, D.C. to practice law with the firm of Williams & Connolly. Durkan returned to Seattle in 1991, and established a successful practice focusing on criminal defense and work on behalf of plaintiffs, including the family of Lt. Walter


texts: Kilgore, who died in the Pang warehouse fire, the case of Stan Stevenson (a retired firefighter who was stabbed leaving a Mariners game) and the case of Kate Fleming, who died in a flash flood in her Madison Valley basement during the Hanukkah Eve windstorm of 2006. In 1994 Durkan became executive council and political director to Governor Mike Lowry, making her Lowry's chief lawyer. Lowry had been a campaign manager to and protege of her father in 1972, and Durkan worked for then congressman Lowry in the 1980s. After initially recommending that an independent investigator represent Lowry, Durkan resigned in February 1995 after deputy press secretary Susanne Albright accused him of sexual harassment. Among Durkan's most prominent cases in private practice was the 2005 recount lawsuit that attempted to undo Governor Chris Gregoire's election in 2004. The Democratic Party turned to Durkan with Gregoire's election "facing an unprecedented trial and Republicans trying to remove her from office."Gregoire's victory was upheld. In January 2017, Durkan worked with families and other attorneys at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport to obtain a federal court order, the day President Donald Trump's first travel ban executive order went into effect, blocking the deportation of people who had arrived at the airport from seven predominantly Muslim countries. After serving as U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Washington, Durkan joined Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan to head a new Seattle law office specializing in internet and online security issues. At Quinn Emanuel, she also represented FIFA as one of the lawyers conducting an independent internal investigation of issues related to a global corruption case brought by Swiss authorities and the U.S.


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 Justice Department. The investigation and related actions by FIFA's Ethics Committee led to the ousting of longtime FIFA President Sepp Blatter and his key deputy Jerome Valcke, as well as a restructuring of the FIFA Executive Committee and World Cup processes. Civic leader
Durkan served on the Washington State Sentencing Guidelines Commission from 1993 to 1996. She served as the first Citizen Observer on the Seattle Police Firearms Review Board from 1997 to 2000 and two Seattle mayors asked her to serve on Citizen Review Committees for the Seattle Police Department.She also played an advisory role on the establishment of the King County Drug Court and the Mental Health Court. She later helped create a specialized drug program in the federal courts in Western Washington. In September 1994, Durkan left the Schroeter law firm to join the staff of then-Washington Governor Mike Lowry as his lawyer and political adviser. In February 1995, she resigned from Lowry's office and returned to Schroeter. Durkan is a fellow in the American College of Trial Lawyers and maintains an  from Martindale-Hubbell. She served a three-year term on the Washington State Bar Association Board of Governors. She served on the Merit Selection Committee for the United States District Court, helping select the candidates for appointment to seven vacancies in the federal judiciary in the Western District of Washington.Durkan served on the nonprofit board of the Center for Women and Democracy from 2000 to 2009, as a founding Board Member for the Seattle Police Foundation from 2002 to 2004, and as the Chair of the Washington State Attorney General's Task Force on Consumer Privacy, which resulted in legislation that became a national model for identity theft protections. U.S.


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 Attorney

In May 2009, President Barack Obama nominated Durkan to be the U.S Attorney for the Western District of Washington, which covers 19 counties and is home to 4.6 million people (78% of the state's population). She was unanimously confirmed by the United States Senate on September 29, 2009, and sworn in on October 1 by Chief U.S. District Judge Robert S. Lasnik. While U.S. Attorney, Durkan created a Civil Rights Department in the office. It coordinates a variety of civil rights cases and outreach, including a number of cases on behalf of returning veterans. [18] She also helped push police reform efforts in the Seattle Police Department after a Department of Justice investigation found a pattern and practice of excessive use of force. Upon taking office, Durkan was appointed to serve on the Attorney General's Advisory Committee, which advises the U.S. Attorney General on policy, management, and operational issues at the Department of Justice.She was chair of the Attorney General's Subcommittee on Cybercrime and Intellectual Property Enforcement. Durkan played a leading role in prosecuting cybercrimes, including hacking, skimming and identity theft. Durkan worked with the public schools to ensure internet safety tips for parents and kids were sent home with kids at the beginning of the school year. She also focused on terrorism and national security issues, including the prosecution of two men who plotted to blow up a military recruitment facility in Seattle. As U.S. Attorney, Durkan used the federal law against felons possessing firearms to crack down on career criminals in Western Washington. Cases referred for felons-with-guns charges increased 45% during her tenure. Durkan pushed "hot spot" initiatives in high-crime areas to address drug and


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 gun sales.These investigations and law enforcement operations resulted in dozens of arrests and weapons confiscations. In September 2014, when U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder announced his intention to step down, Durkan was widely discussed as a potential candidate to succeed him. The Obama administration nominated Loretta Lynch. 2011 medical marijuana legislation
On April 14, 2011, <mask> and Michael C. Ormsby, the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Washington, responded to a request for guidance from Washington governor Christine Gregoire. They warned that a bill proposing to revise state level medical marijuana laws could "authorize conduct contrary to federal law" and indicated that the Justice Department would continue to pursue criminal or civil actions for any violations of the federal government's Controlled Substances Act. In November 2011, the federal Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) raided ten Seattle medical marijuana dispensaries. After the raids, marijuana activists criticized Durkan.The DEA's search warrants suggested the dispensaries were involved in illicit drug dealing and money laundering, and City Councilman Tim Burgess said the raided shops were "operating well outside the medical provisions". Durkan asserted that the dispensaries in question were believed to be concealing criminal activity behind the state's medical marijuana law and that authorities would not ignore flagrant violations. 2012 May Day vandalism response
The 2012 May Day protests in Seattle included violent rioting, damage, and a proclamation of civil emergency by Mayor Mike McGinn. Durkan's office headed the prosecution that followed the vandalization of Seattle's William Kenzo Nakamura U.S. Courthouse during the protests. In the months after the


texts: protests, at least five suspected rioters were criminally charged. Those arrests were part of a much wider FBI investigation that both preceded and followed the events of May 1, 2012.Federal grand jury investigations were formed in Seattle and Portland, and the FBI engaged in raids and issued subpoenas to suspected "anarchists". Under grand jury rules, they could be asked a wide range of questions about themselves and people they knew, in secret proceedings without a defense lawyer present. Four individuals refused to testify before the Seattle grand jury, even after being granted use immunity, which impaired their right to refuse to testify. They were sent to jail for refusing to testify by U.S. District Judge Richard A. Jones, and spent several months at the Federal Detention Center, SeaTac, including time in solitary confinement. The justification given for this by a spokeswoman for Durkan's office was that it was "coercive" and could lead them to testify, rather than being "punitive". The Department of Justice and Durkan's office were widely criticized. The Seattle chapter of the National Lawyers Guild condemned their actions, "urging the FBI and the US Attorney to end the raids and drop the grand jury subpoenas" and raising concerns about political intimidation and negative effects on free speech.The ACLU raised concerns that the grand juries might be used as a "fishing expedition looking into people's political views and political associations." The Seattle Human Rights Commission opposed the use of solitary confinement as a human rights violation. On February 27, 2013, District Judge Richard A. Jones issued a court order for the release of Matt Duran and Katherine Olejnik. That was followed by the release of Maddy Pfeiffer. Durkan's office


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 refused to answer questions about the decision-making process of bringing people before the grand jury, saying that it would "not discuss the status of investigations or the deliberative process." 2013 police informant incident
In 2013 Durkan prosecuted Walli Mujahidh and Abu Khalid Abdul-Latif for conspiring to kill US military personnel on July 4, 2011, in a terrorist plot. The FBI and SPD had used a convicted pedophile, Robert Childs, as a paid informant to infiltrate terrorist and other organizations.Childs and Seattle Police detective Samuel DeJesus deleted over 400 messages from Childs's phone before handing the evidence over to Durkan's office, which presiding judge James Robart called "at-best sloppy". Durkan defended using Childs as an informant, saying, "It's not the saints who can bring us the sinners." Childs later said, "After the arrests were made, I was expecting to receive my pardon...Instead, I was told that they couldn't do that for me. What they offered me was money." Childs had also attempted to infiltrate several far-left organizations in Seattle as a paid informant. 2017 mayoral election

Durkan announced her candidacy for Seattle mayor on May 11, 2017, shortly after incumbent Mayor Ed Murray ended his reelection campaign and resigned as mayor due to allegations of repeated sexual offenses that were later settled by the city. Durkan was called the "establishment" candidate in the crowded primary field, and was endorsed by the King County MLK Labor Council, former Attorney General Eric Holder, the Alliance for Gun Responsibility Victory Fund, Human Rights Campaign, Governor Jay Inslee, Attorney General Bob Ferguson, the Gay & Lesbian Victory Fund, former EPA Administrator Lisa P. Jackson, former governor and commerce secretary Gary


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 Locke, former Seattle mayor Norm Rice, former King County Executive and Deputy Secretary of U.S. Housing and Urban Development Ron Sims, Murray, some members of the Seattle City Council, labor unions, The Seattle Times, and the Seattle Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce.Durkan placed first in the August primary election with 51,529 votes (28%), advancing to the general election against urban planner Cary Moon, who received 32,536 (18%), narrowly edging Nikkita Oliver, who received 31,366 (17%). Durkan's over $1 million fundraising haul broke the record for most donors and most money raised in the history of Seattle mayoral campaigns. She outraised Moon 5 to 1, with over $600,000 coming from a political organization sponsored by the Seattle Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce, allowing large corporations such as Amazon, CenturyLink, Comcast, Vulcan, and Starbucks to quietly influence a major local campaign. Murray's political consultant Sandeep Kaushik joined Durkan's campaign and later became a senior adviser to her. Kaushik is also a lobbyist for Comcast and continues to advise Durkan on policy. The day after the November 7 general election, in which Durkan received over 60% of the preliminary votes, Moon conceded. Candidate forum incident

During a July 2017 mayoral candidate forum, Durkan tossed miniature tequila bottles into the all-ages crowd and during the "talent competition" imitated Melissa McCarthy’s parody of then-White House press secretary Sean Spicer from Saturday Night Live in costume, at one point using the term "colored person" while impersonating Spicer.The forum judge at the event told her that she should have said "person of color", and she apologized as soon as she took the stage again, saying she had tripped over her words. She later


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 apologized for distributing the tequila, saying she had thought the event, held at late night music venue Neumos, was for people 21 and over. Initiative 124
During the 2017 Seattle mayoral election, Durkan was the only candidate to not sign a letter requesting that Seattle hotel owners, represented by the Seattle Hospitality for Progress PAC and Washington Hospitality PAC, drop a lawsuit against Initiative 124. The initiative gave "hotel workers more protections against sexual harassment and assault" and was passed by Seattle voters in 2016. Durkan claimed that she was not given the opportunity to sign the letter, but Unite Here Local 8 (the union representing hotel workers) said that Durkan chose not to sign the letter after multiple requests. Durkan's campaign received $50,000 from the two PACs, including $20,000 from Seattle luxury hotel developer Richard Hedreen. In 2002 Durkan's sister Ryan and brother Jamie lobbied the Seattle City Council on Hedreen's behalf, asking it to exempt him from building $6 million of low-income housing in downtown Seattle.After pressure from council member Nick Licata, Mayor Greg Nickels vetoed the legislation. The Washington State Court of Appeals overturned Initiative 124 in 2018. Mayor of Seattle

Since becoming mayor, Durkan has faced local, regional and global crises, including homelessness, lack of affordable housing, crumbling infrastructure, and the COVID-19 pandemic, much of it stemming from Seattle's rapid population growth over the last decade. On her second day in office, Durkan signed an Executive Order to create the Seattle Promise College Tuition Program to expand free access to college for Seattle public school students. She then proposed the Families, Education, Preschool, and Promise levy, which would


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 double the number of kids able to attend the Seattle Preschool Program from 1,500 to 2,700 in 2025–26, maintain and expand school-based health centers, create and maintain year-round learning programs to close the opportunity gap from K-12, and fully fund two years of free college. In November 2018, nearly 70 percent of Seattle voters approved the plan. Durkan was cited as one of the key advocates for the bringing of the NHL team the Kraken to Seattle.In 2018 she co-drafted a Domestic Workers Bill of Rights for people in the industry in Seattle. She also crafted legislation to raise the pay rate for ride share workers and signed new gun restrictions into law. In June 2019, to mark the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots, Queerty named Durkan one of the Pride50 "trailblazing individuals who actively ensure society remains moving towards equality, acceptance and dignity for all queer people". Criticism of Donald Trump
Durkan has been an outspoken critic of President Trump throughout her time in office. Trump criticized the responses of Durkan and Governor Jay Inslee, claiming that they had not been effective in dealing with protesters, especially regarding the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone/Capitol Hill Occupied Protest and the Seattle police's abandonment of the East Precinct. He threatened to retake the city if local leaders did not reassert their authority. Durkan called the creation of the police-free autonomous zone an attempt to "de-escalate interactions between protesters and law enforcement".On June 12, she visited the police-free zone and told a New York Times reporter that she did not know of any serious crime reported in the area. Throughout her tenure as mayor, Durkan has drawn criticism from the Trump administration, including threatening


texts:
 federal funding for the City of Seattle for being a "Welcoming City" and an "anarchist jurisdiction." In September 2020, The New York Times reported that the Department of Justice had explored criminal charges against Durkan, which she called "chilling". Transportation
During Durkan's term as mayor, the Seattle Department of Transportation canceled several bicycle lanes and greenway projects that had been planned in previous years under the city's comprehensive bicycle plan and funded in the 2015 Move Seattle levy. In response, several cycling advocacy groups and city council members protested Durkan's decision-making on bicycle issues. She has also been critical of scooter-sharing, with Seattle maintaining its ban on electric scooter-sharing apps, unlike other major U.S. cities. In her first year of office, Durkan proposed and implemented free Year-Round ORCA Passes for 15,000 High School and College Students.Seattle is now the largest U.S. city to provide free transit passes to high school students. In March 2018, Durkan halted planning work on the Central City Connector streetcar project, which would link the South Lake Union and First Hill lines of the Seattle Streetcar system, due to cost overruns. Police chief selection
Durkan's selection of a permanent chief of the Seattle Police Department in May 2018 ran into controversy after her list of finalists excluded interim chief Carmen Best, who had also served as deputy chief. After receiving criticism from community activists and the police officers' guild for choosing out-of-state finalists, Durkan defended her decision as the recommendation of a search committee. Durkan nominated Best as a finalist after another finalist withdrew to take a different position within the department, and the city


texts:
 council confirmed Best as police chief in August 2018. Workplace conduct
In April 2019, it was reported that two of Durkan's staffers accused her of mistreatment, with one calling the working environment "toxic". One alleged that Durkan had "grabbed her face and forcibly turned her head" when the employee was making suggestions on how to handle the anniversary of the death of community leader Donnie Chin.The other described a hostile work environment where she was "set up to fail" despite having a good track record at previous jobs, and wanted $1.6 million in lost wages and emotional distress. Both employees were Asian women, a fact the second employee pointed out. Durkan's office denied both employees' allegations. Homelessness in Seattle

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Durkan proposed one of the country's first eviction moratoriums for small businesses, nonprofits and residents. Due to these types of actions, Fortune magazine named her one of the "25 Best World Leaders" during the pandemic. But she continued sweeping homeless encampments, forcing homeless people to leave their campsite and find a different place to live. She said the encampments were cleared for the safety of both their residents and the community, and had "shootings, human trafficking and other violent crimes".On May 15, Seattle City Council members Tammy Morales, Teresa Mosqueda and Kshama Sawant introduced an ordinance to ban sweeps of encampments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Durkan objected to the bill and the council did not reach an agreement. The bill is not expected to receive enough votes to pass, and Deputy Mayor Mike Fong told the council that Durkan would veto the bill because "Fundamentally we simply don’t believe that this particular issue with regard to encampment


texts:
 removals is something that should be legislated." Durkan has spent part of her tenure focusing on homelessness, creating 600 new units of supportive housing for people experiencing homelessness in 2020. In March 2019, she signed the Mandatory Housing Affordability bill into law, which implements affordable housing requirements and increases density in 27 Seattle neighborhoods. In July 2019, Durkan signed a bill and an executive order to increase the availability of backyard cottages. Education
In 2020 Durkan signed an executive order to create the Seattle Promise College Tuition Program, which increases free access to college for Seattle public school students.Handling of George Floyd protests and failed recall attempt

On June 1, 2020, during the George Floyd protests in Seattle in the Capitol Hill neighborhood, police in full riot gear barricaded the SPD's East Precinct building from protesters, using blast balls, flash bang grenades, and pepper spray against the crowd "at times with little apparent provocation". On June 2, Durkan spoke to a group of protesters for the first time after five days of demonstrations. Addressing criticism about "mourning badges" for fallen officers being used to cover up police officer badge numbers, Durkan said that the policy would be reviewed and that badge numbers should always be visible. She also said that the SPD policy of body cams not recording "lawful protests" would be reviewed. When asked whether she would stop the use of tear gas, Durkan said she didn't want to make a promise that she couldn't keep. Police officers continued using tear gas to combat protesters, and on June 5 Durkan ordered a 30-day ban. Nevertheless, on June 6 the police used pepper spray and blast balls to disperse protesters outside the


texts: East Precinct, and on June 7 "unleashed a barrage of tear gas and flash bangs" on a crowd outside the precinct.On June 8, Seattle City Council members Morales, Mosqueda and Sawant called on Durkan to resign or be impeached "for gassing her own people". On June 9, hundreds of protesters occupied City Hall to demand her resignation, and on June 28 protesters marched to Durkan's home. On July 2, King County Superior Court judge Mary Roberts heard arguments for two separate petitions to recall Durkan, and on July 10 she ruled that one of the seven allegations had sufficient evidence to move forward, allowing petitioners to gather signatures for a recall election. Durkan's legal team asked Roberts to reconsider the ruling, arguing that the charge was the responsibility of Police Chief Carmen Best, but Roberts declined. On August 12 Durkan's legal team appealed the decision to the Washington State Supreme Court. The petitioners for the recall requested that the Supreme Court reconsider two of the charges that Roberts dismissed. 50,000 signatures of Seattle voters are needed for the recall to occur.Durkan estimated that her legal expenses to fight the recall would total $240,000. In July 2020, a King County Superior Court judge ruled that her use of tear gas during the protests was sufficient for a petition to recall her as mayor to move forward, but the Washington State Supreme Court unanimously dismissed the attempt as "factually and legally insufficient". On December 7, 2020, Durkan announced that she would not seek reelection. The same day, Western Washington District Court judge Richard A. Jones ruled that the city of Seattle had violated the Consent Decree on four counts by using crowd control weapons during the George Floyd protests. Missing records


texts:
Official text messages from Durkan from August 28, 2019, to June 25, 2020, were not retained and excluded from public records requests, a violation of the state Public Records Act. Communications from Fire Chief Harold Scoggins and then-police Chief Carmen Best in at least June 2020 are also missing, preventing the public from reviewing the decisions to use tear gas on protestors and residents of Capitol Hill. On June 3, The Seattle Times filed a lawsuit against the City of Seattle over the missing text messages and the city's mishandling of reporters' public information requests.Durkan's office claimed the missing texts were due to an "unknown technology issue", but her staff knew the texts were missing because they were deliberately set to automatically delete. The whistleblowers who sought to comply with the law sued the city for retaliation and constructive dismissal. Personal life

Durkan identifies as lesbian. She and her partner, Dana Garvey, have two sons. Durkan and Garvey are unmarried and not registered as a domestic couple. Because of this, Durkan did not have to disclose Garvey's financial records during her mayoral campaign. Garvey is the daughter of "a Louisiana telecom magnate who sold his wireless telecommunications firm for $400 million" and worked for AT&T Wireless Services as a senior executive.Her company IconAlytics, Ltd., does art authentication research. See also
 List of mayors of the 50 largest cities in the United States
 List of United States political families

References

External links

|-

1958 births
Living people
20th-century American lawyers
21st-century American lawyers
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians
Lawyers from Seattle
Lesbian politicians
LGBT appointed officials in the


texts:
 United States
LGBT lawyers
LGBT mayors of places in the United States
LGBT people from Washington (state)
Mayors of Seattle
People from Island County, Washington
People from Issaquah, Washington
United States Attorneys for the Western District of Washington
University of Notre Dame alumni
University of Washington School of Law alumni
Washington (state) Democrats
Women mayors of places in Washington (state)
20th-century American women lawyers
21st-century American women


texts:
<mask>  (8 January 1862 – 16 March 1931) was a British diplomat, colonial administrator and botanist. He served as Commissioner of British East Africa in 1900–1904. He was British Ambassador to Japan in 1919–1925. He was also known as a malacologist and marine biologist. He described a number of sea slug species, including Chelidonura varians. <mask> was born in the village of Sibford Gower near Banbury, Oxfordshire, England and educated at Cheltenham College and Balliol College, Oxford, where he took a double first in classical moderations and Greats, as well as winning the Craven, Ireland and Hertford scholarships. Remarkably, he also won the Boden Sanskrit Scholarship and the Houghton Syriac prize.He was a noteworthy linguist, with a full knowledge of 16 languages and conversant in 20 more. <mask> served in diplomatic posts in Russia (1885), Morocco (1892), Turkey (1893), and Washington, D.C. (1899). He also served as British Commissioner in Samoa. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 1898 Birthday Honours and was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the New Year honours list 1 January 1900. British East Africa
In 1900, he was appointed commissioner of British East Africa, and on 1 January 1902 he was appointed Commissioner, Commander-in-Chief and Consul-General for the East Africa Protectorate, including the mainland dominions of the Sultan of Zanzibar, and also as British Agent and

masks:
Sir Charles Norton Edgcumbe Eliot
Career Eliot
Eliot


texts: Consul-General for the island dominions of the Sultan. In April 1902, the first application for land in British East Africa was made by the East Africa Syndicate – a company in which financiers belonging to the British South Africa Company were interested – which sought a grant of   sq. m., and this was followed by other applications for considerable areas, a scheme being also propounded for a large Jewish settlement (which was rejected by the world Jewish community).During 1903 the arrival of hundreds of prospective settlers, chiefly from South Africa, led to the decision to entertain no more applications for large areas of land, especially as questions were raised concerning the preservation for the Maasai of their rights of pasturage. In the 24 October 1903 edition of the Natal Witness, <mask> wrote: "There can be no doubt that the Maasai and many other tribes must go under. It is a prospect that I view with equanimity...I have no desire to protect Maasaidom...the sooner it disappears and it is unknown, except in books of anthropology, the better..." In April 1903, Major Frederick Russell Burnham, the famous American scout and then a Director of the East African Syndicate, sent an expedition consisting of John Weston Brooke, <mask> Blick, Mr. Bittlebank, and Mr. Brown, to assess the mineral wealth of the region. The party, known as the "Four B. 's", travelled from Nairobi via Mount Elgon northwards to the western shores of Lake Rudolph, experiencing plenty of

masks:
Eliot
John Charles


texts:
 privations from want of water, and of the danger from encounters with the Maasai. In the carrying out of this policy of colonisation a dispute arose between <mask> and Lord Lansdowne, the British Foreign Secretary. Lansdowne, believing himself bound by pledges given to the East Africa Syndicate, decided that they should be granted the lease of the  they had applied for; but after consulting officials of the protectorate then in London, he refused <mask> permission to conclude leases for  each to two applicants from South Africa.<mask>a, 21 June 1904, gave as his reason:- "Lord Lansdowne ordered me to refuse grants of land to certain private persons while giving a monopoly of land on unduly advantageous terms to the East Africa Syndicate. I have refused to execute these instructions, which I consider unjust and impolitic." On the day Sir <mask> sent this telegram, Sir Donald William Stewart, the chief commissioner of Ashanti (Ghana), was appointed his successor. University administration
In 1905 <mask> was the first Vice-Chancellor of the newly created University of Sheffield until 1912 when he was appointed the first Vice-Chancellor of the University of Hong Kong; he served there until 1918 when he was recalled to the diplomatic service becoming high commissioner and consul-general in Siberia. Japan
He was the British Ambassador to Japan in 1920–1926: though the position was not renewed, he stayed in Japan, studying the practice of Buddhism there. He regretted the

masks: Eliot Eliot Eliotbas Charles Eliot


texts:
 1921 decision to end the Anglo-Japanese alliance in 1923. Taken ill with influenza, he decided to return to England but died on the journey on 16 March 1931 and was buried at sea in the Straits of Malacca.He never married. Selected works
In a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Sir <mask>, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 106 works in 355 publications in 2 languages and 4,509 library holdings. The East Africa Protectorate (1905)

 ; ;
 Japanese Buddhism (1935)
 A Finnish Grammar (1890)
 "Letters from the Far East" (1907)

Malacology

 1900. Notes on tectibranchs and naked mollusks from Samoa. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science, Philadelphia, pp. 512–523, pl. 19.1901. Notes on a remarkable nudibranch from north-west America. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 4(4):163-165. 1903. 1903a. On some nudibranchs from east Africa and Zanzibar, part II. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1:250-257.1903b. On some nudibranchs from east Africa and Zanzibar. Part III. Dorididae Cryptobranchiatae, I. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2:354-385, pls. 22–24. 1904.1904a. On some nudibranchs from east Africa and Zanzibar. Part V. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2:83-105, pls. 3–4. 1904b. On the Doris planata of Alder and Hancock. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 6(3):180-181.1905. Note on Geitodoris planata (Alder & Hancock). Proceedings of the Malacological Society of


texts: London 6(4):186-187. 1905a. On some nudibranchs from the Pacific, including a new genus, Chromodoridella. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 6(4):229-238. 1905b.Notes on two rare British nudibranchs, Hero formosa, var. arborescens, and Staurodoris maculata. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 6(4):239-243. 1905c. On some nudibranchs from east Africa and Zanzibar. Part VI. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2:268-298, pls.16–17. 1905d. 1905f. Nudibranchs from the Indo-Pacific. I. Notes on a collection dredged near Karachi and Maskat. Journal of Conchology 11(8):237-256.1906. The genus Doriopsilla Bergh. Journal of Conchology 11(12):366-367. 1906a. On the nudibranchs of southern India and Ceylon, with special reference to the drawings by Kelaart and the collections belonging to Alder and Hancock preserved in the Hancock Museum at Newcastle upon Tyne. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, pp. 636–691, pls.42–47. 1906b. On the nudibranchs of southern India and Ceylon, with special reference to the drawings by Kelaart and the collections belonging to Alder and Hancock preserved in the Hancock Museum at Newcastle upon Tyne.—No. 2. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, pp. 999–1008. 1906c.Notes on some British nudibranchs. Journal of the Marine Biological Association, new series, 7(3):333-382, pls. 11–12. 1906d. Report upon a collection of Nudibranchiata from the Cape Verde Islands, with notes by C.


texts: Crossland. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 7(3):131-159, pl. 14.1906e. Nudibranchiata, with some remarks on the families and genera and description of a new genus, Doridomorpha, pp. 540–573, pl. 32. In: J. Stanley Gardiner (Ed.) The fauna and geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes, being the account of the work carried on and of the collections made by an expedition during the years 1899 and 1900, vol. 2.1907. Nudibranchs from the Indo-Pacific. III. Journal of Conchology 12(3):81-92. 1907a. Nudibranchs from New Zealand and the Falkland Islands. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 7(6):327-361, pl.28. 1907b. Mollusca. IV. Nudibranchiata. National Antarctic Expedition 1901–1904. Natural History 2:1-28, 1 pl.1908. 1908a. 1909. Report on the nudibranchs collected by Mr. James Hornell at Okhamandal in Kattiawar in 1905–6. In: Report to the government of Baroda on the marine zoology of Okhamandal 1:137-145. 1909a. Notes on a collection of nudibranchs from Ceylon.Spolia Zeylanica. Colombo 6(23):79-95. 1909b. The Nudibranchiata of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of S. Y. “Scotia” during the years 1902, 1903, and 1904, under the leadership of William S. Bruce, Volume V—Zoology, Part II, Nudibranchiata, pp. 11–24.1910. 1910a. 1910b. On some nudibranchs from the coast of Natal. Annals of the Natal Museum 2:221- 225. 1910d. A monograph of the British nudibranchiate


texts:
 Mollusca: with figures of the species.pt. VIII (supplementary). Figures by the late Joshua Alder and the late Albany Hancock, and others, pp. 1–198, pls. 1–8. Ray Society, London. 1911.Chromodorids from the Red Sea, collected and figured by Mr. Cyril Crossland. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, pp. 1068–1072, pl. 61. 1912. A note on the rare British nudibranch Hancockia eudactylota Gosse. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, p. 770, pl.85. 1913. Japanese nudibranchs. Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University Tokyo 35:1-47, pls. 1–2. 1916. Mollusca Nudibranchiata.In: Fauna of the Chilka Lake. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 5:375-380. 1916a. Zoological results of a tour in the far east. Mollusca Nudibranchiata. Memoirs Asiatic Society Bengal 6
 with T. J. Evans. 1908.Doridoeides gardineri: a doridiform cladohepatic nudibranch. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 52(2):279-299, pls. 15–16. Species
The World Register of Marine Species mentions 119 marine taxa named by <mask>. <mask>ia Vayssière, 1909, a nudibranch genus was named after him. (1931). "Obituary.Sir <mask>, 1862–1931," Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 19(5): 224–226. J. R. le B. Tomlin, 1931. Obituary notice: Sir <mask>. Journal of Conchology 19(5): 145
 A. Vayssière, 1932. Nécrologie. Sir <mask>. Journal de Conchyliologie 76(2): 139–142.G. B. Sansom & J. M. Hussey, 2004. <mask>, Sir <mask> Edgcumbe. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 18:

masks:
Charles Eliot
Eliot
Charles Eliot
Charles Eliot
Charles Eliot
Eliot
Charles Norton


texts:
 49–50. Nish, Ian. (2004). British Envoys in Japan 1859–1972. Folkestone, Kent: Global Oriental.;  OCLC 249167170

External links

 UK in Japan,  Chronology of Heads of Mission
 National Archives,  <mask>, <mask> Edgcumbe

1862 births
1931 deaths
Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Japan
British diplomats in East Asia
People from Cherwell District
People educated at Cheltenham College
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
Colonial governors and administrators of Kenya
Academics of the University of Sheffield
Vice-Chancellors of the University of Hong Kong
Companions of the Order of the Bath
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
English malacologists
East Africa Protectorate people
British Kenya

masks:
Eliot
Charles Norton


texts:
<mask> () (born February 22, 1953) is a Russian naval engineer, ship designer and inventor of a new method of icebreaking, called the resonance method of ice destruction. He received his assistant professorship in technical sciences (PhD) for his work Mechanics of deformable solids in Vladivostok in 1994. He became a full professor in 1996 and was awarded the title Honored Inventor of the Russian Federation in 2000. Since 2008 he has been a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RANS). <mask> was awarded a diploma from the president of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1999) and won grants from the Russian Ministry of Education (2006). He received multiple prizes for his academic and scientific achievements in the theory of watercraft statics and dynamics, design of vessels, hydraulics and hydromechanics, ship and submarine construction. He is the author of two textbooks in naval engineering and twelve works on the methods of education in the area of naval design.With the direct participation of <mask> construction was completed the towing basin (45x4,2x4m), Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Technical University. Accomplishments
<mask> has authored just over 500 publications, including 18 publications of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. He has made 35 presentations at international conferences, published eight monographs, and is the owner of more than 320 patents for inventions. Prepared
Ph.D.: Zhyostkaya V.D. ; Onischuk A.V. ; Baranov E.V. ; Morozov V.S.; Zemlyak V.L. ; Dzhabrailov M.R. Basic activities

- Research opportunities resonance method of ice destruction, congestion and

masks:
Viktor Mikhailovich Kozin
Kozin
Victor Kozin
Kozin


texts:
 hanging ice dams. - Using fusible substances for automatic balancing of traffic congestion. - Development of new technologies and devices for cleaning hard pavements of ice and snow rolling. - Using the power expansion of ice for kolibrovki zigovki and thin-walled tubes. - Develop technologies to improve the bearing capacity of ice, use-forming as the ice crossings and the load-carrying platforms.Awarded
 Honored inventor of the Russian Federation (2000)
 For the development of inventions in Russia by the Presidium of RANS awarded the medal. Alfred Nobel (2007)
 Winner of first prize at the competition of the Governor of Khabarovsk Krai for university professors (2009)
 Three silver medals at the competition "Archimedes", dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the latest inventions in Russia (Sankt-Peterburg. March 2009)
 Two silver and one bronze medal at 1X Moscow International Salon of Innovations and Investments (Moscow, August 2009)
 Silver medal at the St. Petersburg Technical Fair (St. Petersburg, March 2010). Silver Medal at the Tenth International Salon of Innovations and Investments (Moscow, August 2010). Bronze Medal XIV Moscow International Salon of inventions and innovative technologies "Archimedes - 2011" (Moscow, 2011)
 Gold Medal XIV Moscow International Salon of inventions and innovative technologies "Archimedes - 2011" (Moscow, 2011)

Developed
 Developed and implemented the practice of the resonance method of ice destruction, implemented by the courts amphibious hovercraft that can many times lower power compared to conventional technologies (application crust of ice crystals, ice-breaker boxes, etc.) A technique for estimating


texts:
 icebreaking qualities under-water vessels. deplete the ice by a resonance method in their ascent to the PA-kovom ice.Received depending on the evaluation of the bearing capacity of ice when it is used as an avtozimnikov, ice crossings and the runways during emergency landings. The design, which increase the carrying ability of the ice. exploited as load-carrying platforms. Improved technology for ice for transportation to prevent accidents, in particular, as modes of movement of vehicles and devices that increase the capacity of ice at its dynamic loading. patented technology and developed a design, allowing more efficient than existing technologies to destroy the ice cover in the elimination of congestion and hanging ice dams on the rivers during periods of icy conditions and drifting. Improve the technology of explosive works to prevent the complications of ice on the inland waterways, causing devastating floods. Through the use of low-melting substances (Wood's metal) has developed methods and devices for automatic balancing of rotors, protected by several patents of the Russian Federation on the invention.Proposed a theory and a device for cleaning hard pavement of snow and ice runup. Developed solutions allow sparing coating mode to clear the road several times more efficient than existing designs and technologies. Books and Monographs

 Zuev VA, Kozin VM Using hovercraft to break ice / Vladivostok .. - M.: Far Eastern State University, 1988. - S. 128. -
 Kozin, VM Shepel VT and other project analysis of appropriate operation of vessels with a small area of the waterline in the Far Eastern basin. - M.: Preprint: Vladivostok, IMM RAS, 1991. - S.


texts:
 48.Kozin, VM Shepel VT and other advanced surface and underwater facilities of Ocean Development of the Far Eastern basin. - M.: Preprint: Vladivostok, IMM RAS, 1992. - S. 54. Kozin, VM Shepel VT and other features of the design and operation of icebreaking ships on air cushion. - M.: Preprint: Vladivostok, IMM RAS, 1992. - S. 63. Rigid VD, Kozin, VM, Investigation of the possibility of ice cover destruction amphibious ships on air cushion.- M.: Dal'nauka, 2003. - S. 161. -
 Kozin, VM, Nicolay G. Povsyk, Shport VI Ledorazrushayuschaya ability flexural-gravity waves on the motion of objects. - M.: Dal'nauka, 2005. - S. 191. -
 <mask>, VM, Marin BN et al. Gidrogazovye system aircraft (Tutorial).- M.: Dal'nauka, 2006. - S. 459. -
 Sharlaimov VI, <mask>, VM, Experimental studies of transients in the motion of a continuous medium in a gravitational field. - Moscow: The Academy of Natural Sciences, 2007. - S. 232C. -
 <mask>, VM, Nicolay G. Povsyk, Shport VI Applied problems in the dynamics of ice cover. - Moscow: The Academy of Natural Sciences, 2008.- S. 329. -
 <mask>, VM Resonance method of destruction of ice cover. Inventions and Experiments .. - Moscow: The Academy of Natural Sciences, 2007. - S. 355. -
 <mask>, VM The possibility of using low-melting substances for automatic rotor balancing .. - Moscow: The Academy of Natural Sciences, 2009. - S. 231. -

References

 Encyclopedia - SCIENTISTS OF RUSSIA - scientists from the CIS and countries of CIS
 Scientific Electronic Library - monographs published by the publishing house of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences

External links

Living people
Russian inventors
Russian marine

masks: Kozin Kozin Kozin Kozin Kozin