texts:
 area (extended edition with new destinations), Milan, Rizzoli, 2016. .
 Il lungo viaggio del presepe, Novara, Interlinea, 2016. . Le stanze dell'armonia. Nei musei dove l'Europa era già unita, Milan, Rizzoli, 2016. .
 A pranzo con l'arte, with Elena Maria Gregori <mask>, Milan, Rizzoli, 2017. .
 Ho finalmente capito l'Italia. Piccolo trattato ad uso degli stranieri (e degli italiani), Milan, Rizzoli, 2017. .
 Patrizia Comand.La nave dei folli, Milan, Franco Maria Ricci, 2017. .
 Grand Tour d'Italia a piccoli passi. Oltre 80 luoghi e itinerari da scoprire, Milan, Rizzoli, 2018. .
 Quattro conversazioni sull'Europa, Milan, Rizzoli, 2019. .
 Christopher Broadbent. Quel che rimane, with Laura Leonelli, Peliti Associati, 2019. .
 La mia Europa a piccoli passi, Milan, Rizzoli, 2019. .

Video
 2005 – The Museum: Communication and Design (Poly Design, DVD)

Television
 Art.tù (Rai 3)
 Passepartout (Rai 3)
 The Capital of Philippe Daverio (Rai 3)
 Emporio Daverio (Rai 5)

Honors
 Knight of the Order of the Legion of Honor (France)-  Rome, 10 September 2013
 Gold Medal for the Benefits of Culture and Art-  Rome, 25 March 2013. Initiative by the President of the Republic
 Toson d'Or National Award by Vespasiano Gonzaga – Rotary Club Casalmaggiore Viadana Sabbioneta  "For the commitment in spreading the culture and enhancement of historic and artistic Italian." –  Sabbioneta, 12 November 2015

References

1949 births
2020 deaths
People from Mulhouse
Italian art dealers
Italian art curators
Italian art critics
Italian politicians
Italian television personalities
Italian people of


type: original

texts:
<mask> (October 15, 1888 – February 27, 1953) was an American actor and director. Career
Born in Traver, California, <mask> was half-Cherokee and half-Seneca. He was raised on a ranch. He appeared in hundreds of films during the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s. However, he got his start painting scenery as part of the backstage crew during the silent movie era. By 1911, he was active in films as an actor, writer and director. He freelanced and worked for many of the movie studios, building a solid reputation for his work both on and off screen.<mask> is best remembered for two roles: as the Yankee deserter who trespasses at Tara and is shot by Scarlett in Gone with the Wind (1939); and his memorable characterization of the drunken and sadistic vigilante Smith in The Ox Bow Incident (1943). However, he was most proud of his role as a crotchety, old rancher who refuses water to a Quaker family in the movie Angel and the Badman, until John Wayne's character convinces him to share the water. It was after this latter role that Republic Pictures signed him as the comic sidekick in Monte Hale's Western series. His last film was John Ford's The Sun Shines Bright. Personal life and death
<mask> was married to actress Hedda Nova. He was diagnosed with terminal cancer in late 1952, and committed suicide on February 27, 1953. He is buried in Reedley Cemetery in Reedley, California.Filmography

As actor

 Shannon of the Sixth (1914) - Captain Arlington
 The Invisible Power (1914) - Lorenzo
 The Hazards of Helen (1914) - Benton - a Foreman [Ch. 2]
 The Tragedy on Bear Mountain (1915, Short) - Steve Barty
 The Girl Detective (1915) - (Episode #1, 2, etc.) Mysteries of the Grand Hotel (1915)
 The

masks:
Paul Causey Hurst
Hurst
Hurst
Hurst


texts:
 Pitfall (1915) - Garvin - a Crooked Politician
 Stingaree (1915) - Howie - Stingaree's Partner
 The Social Pirates (1916) - Mona's Accomplice
 Whispering Smith (1916) - Murray Sinclair
 Medicine Bend (1916) - Murray Sinclair
 Judith of the Cumberlands (1916) - Blatchley Turrentine
 The Diamond Runners (1916) - <mask> - the Brains of the I.D.B. (1929) - Railroad-Yard Superintendent
 The Racketeer (1929) - Mehaffy
 His First Command (1929) - Sgt. Bill Connors
 Tomorrow's Youth (1934) - Detective
 Sequoia (1934) - Bergman
 Romance in Manhattan (1935) - Joe - Policeman (uncredited)
 Maybe It's Love (1935) - Expressman (uncredited)
 Carnival (1935) - Policeman (uncredited)
 Shadow of Doubt (1935) - Police Lt. Jack Sackville
 Wilderness Mail (1935) - Jules - Henchman
 Mississippi (1935) - Hefty
 Star of Midnight (1935) - Detective Corbett (uncredited)
 The Case of the Curious Bride (1935) - Fibo Morgan - Florabelle's Cousin (uncredited)
 Public Hero No. 1 (1935) - Rufe Parker
 Calm Yourself (1935) - Detective Roscoe
 The Daring Young Man (1935) - Prison Guard (uncredited)
 The Gay Deception (1935) - Bell Captain
 Riffraff (1936) - Belcher
 It Had to Happen (1936) - Workman (uncredited)
 The Robin Hood of El Dorado (1936) - Wilson
 Mr. Dist.Atty. Springer
 Secrets of a Nurse (1938) - Slice Cavanaugh
 Thanks for Everything (1938) - Guard
 Topper Takes a Trip (1938) - Bartender
 Cafe Society (1939) - Bartender
 Broadway Serenade (1939) - Reynolds
 The Kid from Kokomo (1939) - First Old Man in Fistfight
 It Could Happen to You (1939) - Sandy
 Each Dawn I Die (1939) - Garsky
 Bad Lands (1939) - Curly Tom
 Quick Millions (1939) - Sheriff
 On Your Toes (1939) - Variety Club Bartender


texts:
 (uncredited)
 Heaven with a Barbed Wire Fence (1939) - Empire State Building Guard (uncredited)
 Remember? (1939) - Policeman
 Gone with the Wind (1939) - the Yankee Deserter
 Castle on the Hudson (1940) - Guard (uncredited)
 Star Dust (1940) - Mac, Amalgamated Lab Tech
 Edison, the Man (1940) - Sheriff
 Torrid Zone (1940) - Daniels
 They Drive By Night (1940) - Pete Haig (uncredited)
 South to Karanga (1940) - Slats
 The Westerner (1940) - Chickenfoot
 Men Against the Sky (1940) - Mechanic (uncredited)
 Spring Parade (1940) - Headwaiter (uncredited)
 Tugboat Annie Sails Again (1940) - Pete
 Goin' Fishin' (1940, Short) - Bus conductor
 Street of Memories (1940) - Minor Role (uncredited)
 Bowery Boy (1940) - Blubber Mullins
 Tall, Dark and Handsome (1941) - Biff Sage
 Virginia (1941) - Thomas
 Petticoat Politics (1941) - Slats O'Dell
 The Great Mr. Nobody (1941) - Michael O'Connor
 Caught in the Draft (1941) - Sgt. Jimmy Bagby (final film role)

As director
 The Hazards of Helen (1914 serial) (uncredited)
 A Woman in the Web (1918 serial)
 Play Straight or Fight (1918)
 The Crow's Nest (1922)
 Battling Bunyan (1924)
 Folly of Youth (1925)
 The Law of the Snow Country (1926)
 Blue Streak O'Neil (1926)
 Rider of the Law (1927)

References

 Rothel, David. 1984. Those Great Cowboy Sidekicks. Scarecrow Press, Metuchen, New Jersey.External links

 , with a wardrobe still from Gone With the Wind

1888 births
1953 deaths
American male film actors
American male silent film actors
Suicides in California
20th-century American male actors
People from Tulare County, California
People from Reedley, California
Film directors from California
1953 suicides
Male Western (genre) film


texts:
<mask> is a São Toméan Portuguese singer of Jazz, World music and fado who has recorded several solo albums and has additionally recorded and toured extensively with guitarist António Chainho. She has also appeared on several Hip hop releases, including the Ithaka song, Escape From The City Of Angels, which appeared in Columbia Pictures's feature film release, The Replacement Killers in 1998. Early life

<mask> was born in São Tomé the capital city of the West African island nation of São Tomé and Principe to a Portuguese mother and a São Toméan father. Her grandmother was from Goa, India, (which along with São Tomé is a former Portuguese colony). Her father, <mask>, is credited as the person who proclaimed the liberation of São Tomé from colonial rule. The family relocated to the Lisbon-area of Portugal when <mask> was a young girl. She sang for the first time as a teenager at the Teatro de Animação de Setúbal in Setúbal, Portugal.And later, while briefly living in Germany, studied vocals in Cologne, with the Brazilian singer <mask>. Early career
<mask>' first professional recordings were with the pioneering, Lisbon-based Hip hop tuga artist General D, (originally from Mozambique). She was featured on his songs "Amigo Prekavido" and "Raiz Desenraizadao" for the album Pé Na Tchôn, Karapinha Na Céu (EMI-1995), one of the first hip hop releases in Portugal. The recording (and concerts) with General D led to more acquaintances within the Lisbon music community. She soon recorded the song, "Bairro De Lata" with the jazzy hip hop band, Cool Hipnoise and also recorded the songs "Goodcookies" and "Escape From The City Of

masks:
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Nuno Xavier Dias
Marta
Marta Laurito
Marta Dias


texts: Angeles} with Ithaka Darin Pappas, a Greek-American artist residing in Portugal, for his album Flowers And The Color Of Paint. In 1996, <mask> recorded her first solo album, "Y.U.É" produced and composed by UK musician Jonathan Miller for the Portuguese label, União Lisboa. Californian songwriter, Ithaka provided lyrics for two of the tracks, "Learn To Fly" and "Look To The Blue", (on Look To The Blue, Ithaka also appeared as a guest vocalist).The album earned <mask> the "Best Female Vocalist" award at Channel SICTV's annual televised Premios Blitz, (the Portuguese "Grammy Award". António Chainho and <mask> performed together for the first time in November 1998, at a concert in honor of the celebrated guitarist's 30-year career. <mask> sang "Barco Negro" and "Nemes Paredes I confess". It was the beginning of a very fruitful musical association that would last almost a decade. Through the years that she continued to collaborate with other artists on both recordings and live performances. In 1997, she appeared on Ithaka's track "Ursula Of Ithaka" for the album, Stellafly. In 1998, she performed with singing star Kika Santos at the Expo '98 ((1998 Lisbon World Exposition).The song, "Amazing Grace" by African Voices. "Invisivel" by Fernando Cunha for his album Só Há Tempo P´ra Viver Agora. The song and "Nada Mudou" by Santos e Pecadores. In 1999 she also participated on TV personality Herman José's Christmas album. In 1999, <mask> release her second solo effort entitled "Aqui"(Here), which included several cover versions by known Portuguese language artist such as; "Dream" originally by Madredeus, Madresongs such as

masks:
Marta
Marta
Marta Dias
Marta Dia
Marta Dias


texts:
 "Fado Morno", the traditional Galician "En el Sagrado en Vigo", from the songbook of Martim Codax, "Toxicity" of the GNR, Madredeus "Dream", "Eu Contigo "by Sérgio Godinho," Ossobô ", by the Brazilian Marcelo da Veiga," Grão de Arroz "," Senhora "by João Roiz de Castel-Branco," Sou Tua "or" Ahora Baixou o Sol ", this collection Giacometti. This album was nominated for the José Afonso Awards. Until the end of 2001, <mask> toured nationally with the songs from Aqui, also performing concerts in Spain and special a concert in São Paulo, Brazil with Ney Matogrosso, in celebration of the 500th anniversary of the arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil.In 2003, António Chaínho and <mask>, after years of touring internationally together since 1998 released the album "Ao Vivo no CCB" (Live at the Centre Cultural de Bélem, Lisbon), recorded January 28 and 29 of 2003. The record includes seven original tracks, four of which having never been recorded before. The two have continued to collaborate on recordings and live concerts until today. Recent career
<mask> released the album "Quantas Tribos" in 2016. The album is a tribute to five of the greatest poets from São Tomé and Príncipe; Maria Manuela Margarido, Alda Neves da Graça do Espírito Santo, Francisco José Tenreiro, Fernando de Macedo and Conceição Lima. The album utilizes these classic poems as lyrical content, intertwining  <mask>'s vocals over instrumental compositions  provided by the classical guitarist, Oswaldo Santos. Vocalist Carmen Souza participates on the song in "Os Rios Da Tribo" and Angolan poet/vocalist appears Kalaf on the song, "Humanidade".In 2018, <mask>

masks:
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta
Marta Dias


texts:
 and Goan pianist Carlos Barreto Xavier collaborated on the album, "Bandida", consisting of twelve tracks, utilizing both traditional Portuguese music blending with more modern urbans sounds. The album also features percussionist Ruca Rebordão and Yuri Daniel on electric bass. Albums
1996 <mask> - "Y.U.É" - Label: União Lisboa Label: União Lisboa
1999 <mask> - "Aqui" - Label: Farol Música
2003 António Chainho & <mask> "Ao Vivo No CCB" (Live at the Centro Cultural de Bélem) Label: Movieplay
2016 <mask> "Quantas Tribos" (With guests: Costa Neto, Carmen Souza) Label: Bigbit
2018 <mask> and Barreto Xavier "Bandida"

Singles
1996 <mask> "Gritar" - Label: União Lisboa
1996 <mask>as "Mouraria" - Label: União Lisboa
2006 <mask> & António Chainho "Fado Tão Bom" - Label: Movieplay

Appearances on compilations
2005 LJS & Marta Dias "Barca Bela" Album: Composto De Mudança (Música Para Se Deixar Levar)Label: Som Livre
2006 <mask> & António Chainho "Fado Tão Bom" - Label: Movieplay

Guest appearances
1995 "Amigo Prekavido" General D feat. <mask> - Album: Pé Na Tchôn, Karapinha Na Céu - Label: EMI
1995 "Raiz Desenraizadao "General D feat. <mask> - Album: Pé Na Tchôn, Karapinha Na Céu - Label: EMI
1995 "Escape From The City Of Angels" Ithaka feat. Marta Dias - Album: Flowers And The Color Of Paint
1995 "Goodcookies" Ithaka feat' Marta Dias - Album: Flowers And The Color Of Paint
1995 "The Umbilibus"Ithaka feat. Lince & Marta Dias - Album: Flowers And The Color Of Paint
1995 Ithaka feat.<mask> "Escape From The City Of Angels" Album: Flowers And The Color Of Paint
1995 "Bairro de Lata - Cool Hipnoise feat. <mask> - Album:

masks:
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Di
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias


texts:
 Nascer Do Soul - Label:NorteSul/Valentim de Carvalho
1997 "Ekos Do Passado" General D feat. <mask> & Ithaka - ALbum: Kanimambo - Label: EMI
1997 "Ursula Of Ithaka" Ithaka feat. <mask> - Album: Stellafly - Label: Nortesul/Valentim de Carvalho
1997 "Nobody Knows" <mask> and African Voices
1997 "Nada Mudou" - Santos e Pecadores
1998 "Fadinho Simples" - António Chainho
1998 "Só Há Tempo P´ra Viver Agora" Fernando Cunha feat. <mask> - Label: BMG
1999 "Silent Night" - Herman José [1999]
2011 "Luminoso" Fernando Alvim – Album: Fados & Canções - Label: Universal Music Group
2012 "Fadinho Simples" António Chainho feat. <mask> - Album: Entre Amigos - Label: Movieplay
2017 O Homem do Fraque" Dizzy –  Album: O Homem Invisível

The Replacement Killers
In 1998, three years after its release, the Ithaka song "Escape From The City Of Angels" (that featured <mask> in the infectious choruses) was used in the soundtrack of director Antoine Fuqua's feature film debut Replacement Killers released by Columbia Pictures. The song played during a critical getaway scene that involved the actors; Chinese superstar Chow Yun-fat, Oscar-winner Mira Sorvino and Screen Actors Guild Award "Best Actor" winner Clifton Collins Jr. Other musical artists on the soundtrack included; The Crystal Method, Talvin Singh, Tricky, Death In Vegas, Hed PE, and Brad.External links
 Discogs
 Facebook

References

Living people
20th-century Portuguese women singers
Portuguese fado singers
Singers from Lisbon
Portuguese hip hop musicians
Year of birth missing (living people)
Portuguese people of São Tomé and Príncipe descent
21st-century Portuguese women

masks:
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias


texts:
<mask> (April 20, 1939 – February 4, 2012) was an American poet and editor, and served as the Poet Laureate of the state of West Virginia from her appointment by Governor Gaston Caperton in January 1994 until her death. Biography
Third oldest of her parents' (Ralph Durrett and Celia Phares Durrett) six children, <mask> was born and grew up in Belington,
Barbour County, WV on a 300-acre farm that had been in her family for generations. She had 5 siblings (2 older siblings named Harold Durrett and Eleanor Leary and 3 younger siblings named Ralph Waldo Durrett or Wally, Janet Stonerook or Janey and Eileen Martin). Her family grew most of their food on their farm due to the struggle of living on one income and having to feed 8 mouths in the house. She attended a one-room school, Concord School, for first through fifth grades. <mask> recalls that her second grade teacher, Mrs. Teeter, recognized and encouraged her by giving her a double promotion from second to fourth grade. From a young age, her father Ralph Durrett, a schoolteacher, read her works by Ralph Waldo Emerson, William Wordsworth, Edgar Allan Poe, and Pinocchio.She is also quoted to have read "Byron, Sheep Shearing in America, Kiss Me Deadly, and Paradise Lost. <mask> graduated Belington High School in 1956 married her high school boyfriend <mask> at Fort Ashby, West Virginia; they later had 2 children named Julia Vickers nee McKinney and <mask>. Initially a stay-at-home mom, her interest in poetry and literature was piqued when she discovered that the library in Buckhannon (Buckhannon Public Library) where she lived had a lot of books that she was really interested in learning from. Through this activity, she became highly influenced by the likes of Emily Dickinson and Sylvia Plath. Even though her husband was reluctant to her going back

masks:
Irene McKinney
Irene McKinney
McKinney
Irene
Joe McKinney
Paul McKinney


texts: to school to further her education, she pursued her Bachelors, Master's, and even her PHD. She received her B.A. in English Literature at West Virginia Wesleyan College in 1968, her M.A.at West Virginia University in 1970 and her PhD in English literature with a doctorate in creative writing from the University of Utah in 1980. She later got a fellowship from West Virginia University for her work and was also one of the first students to complete a creative thesis at WV University. Her dissertation was her first poetry collection, Room for the Wakers. <mask> was also the protégé of and editor for Louise McNeill, fellow poet and the predecessor to the Poet Laureate position for West Virginia from 1979 to her death in 1993. <mask> helped edit for her and her friendship and relationship with Louise helped her move towards focusing on regionalism (focusing on local dialect, customs, and other features for a specific region) in her writing and poems. McKinney's poetry is steeped in the rural Appalachian landscape and frequently explores the connections between people and place. Though she retired in 2000, she was still active and continued to teach at Wesleyan College.During the last two years of her life, she worked tirelessly to fulfill her dream of a program at West Virginia Wesleyan College where “good writing was the center of a community, with its roots in the region of the writers yet also being able to reference the outside world”. She worked on developing the Low-Residency MFA (Master of Fine Arts) Program here. Due to her work with this now developed program at West Virginia Wesleyan College, West Virginia has dedicated an award in her name: the <mask>inney Award for West Virginia Wesleyan MFA Students. Additionally, the West Virginia Wesleyan College has honored the late founder of the MFA

masks:
McKinney
Irene
Irene McK


texts:
 program by setting up the McKinney Postgraduate Teaching Fellowship, which offers an MFA program graduate an opportunity to gain experience in teaching while being closely mentored by practiced faculty members. She died of cancer at the family home in Barbour County at the age of 72. McKinney was proud of her West Virginia rural heritage, which she constantly referenced in her poetry. She said, "When people say this state is backward, I simply am astounded.I had access to a farm community, a small peaceful town and school and good, dedicated teachers. I was in nature and in literature--a perfect combination for a writer". She also said, "I'm a hillbilly, a woman, and a poet and I realized early on that nobody was going to listen to anything I had to say, so I might as well just say whatever I wanted to". Teaching
As a teacher, she taught at West Virginia Wesleyan College (Professor Emeritus - from 1971 until she went to complete her Master's and then she came back in 1991 as a professor of English and director of creative writing), Buckhannon-Upshur High School (she taught now well-known novelist Jayne Anne Phillips), Western Washington University, UC Santa Cruz, Hamilton College, Potomac State College, University of Utah, and Huttonsville Correctional Center. She was also a Writer-in-Residence at UC Santa Cruz, Western Washington University at Bellingham, University of New Mexico at Albuquerque, Hamilton College, Lynchburg College, Alderson-Broaddus College (visiting writer-in-residence), and University of Kerala, India. She was also a Poet-in-Residence at West Virginia Commission of the Arts. Awards
She was awarded residencies at The Bread Loaf Writers' Conference, The Utah Arts Council, Kentucky Foundation for Women, West Virginia Center for the Creative Arts, Blue Mountain Center, and Potomac


texts:
 State College of West Virginia University named her a 2005 Whitmore-Gates Scholar.She was also awarded/granted fellowships at MacDowell Colony in 1982 and 1995, and at the National Endowment for the Arts in 1986 for Creative Writing. As for individual awards, she received The Utah Arts Council Prize Award in Fiction, The Breadloaf Scholarship, Cincinnati Review Annual Poetry Prize, Kentucky Foundation for Women Award, and the Appalachian Mellon Scholarship. Poetry collections

Room for the Wakers
The Girl With the Stone in Her Lap (North Atlantic Books, 1976)
The Wasps at the Blue Hexagons (Small Plot Press, 1984)
Quick Fire and Slow Fire (North Atlantic Books, 1988)
Six O'Clock Mine Report (University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989)
Vivid Companion (Vandalia Press, 2004)
Unthinkable: Selected Poems 1976-2004 (Red Hen Press, 2009)

As editor
Backcountry: Contemporary Writing in West Virginia (Editor, Vandalia Press, 2002)
Cofounder of Trellis, a West Virginia Poetry Journal, with fellow Appalachian Poet Maggie Anderson and Winston Fuller in 1971 (she worked on it from 1973 - 1979). Assistant Editor for Quarterly West, an American literary magazine at the University of Utah

References

External links
Poem, 'Visiting My Gravesite: Talbott Churchyard, West Virginia' (from Unthinkable) online at Poetry Foundation
West Virginia Wesleyan College
Poetry Foundation biography

1939 births
2012 deaths
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
American editors
American women poets
Deaths from cancer in West Virginia
People from Barbour County, West Virginia
Poets Laureate of West Virginia
University of Utah alumni
University of Utah faculty
West Virginia University alumni
West Virginia Wesleyan College alumni
Writers from West Virginia
20th-century American poets
American women


texts:
<mask> (born March 20, 1997) is a Latvian ice hockey player, currently playing with the Maine Black Bears in the Hockey East conference of the NCAA Division I. Miljone has been a member of Latvian national team since 2013 and has participated in seven IIHF Women's World Championships at the Division IA and IB levels. Prior to her college ice hockey career, Miljone played five seasons in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL), spending two seasons with Modo Hockey Dam (2013–2015) and three seasons with Leksands IF Dam (2015–2018). Miljone and her mother, <mask>, made history as the first mother-daughter duo to play in the same IIHF World Women's Championship, first appearing together at the 2013 Division IA tournament, and again in 2014 and 2016. At the 2017 IIHF Women's World Championship they represented Latvia as player and coach. Playing career
Miljone participated in the IIHF European Women's Champions Cup (EWCC) in 2013 with SHK Laima Rīga. The fifteen year old lead the team with a total of 3 points in three games, recording 2 points (1 goal+1 assist) against Vålerenga Ishockey and netting Laima's lone goal against Hvidovre IK. Laima lost all three round robin games in the first round and did not progress in the tournament.SDHL

For the 2013–14 season, Miljone moved from her native Latvia to Örnsköldsvik, Sweden in order to play with Modo Hockey Dam of the Riksserien (renamed SDHL in 2015). She joined an impressive roster, which included players from the Swedish, Finnish, and Norwegian national teams, under the captaincy of Erika Grahm, with Emma Nordin and Johanna Olofsson serving as alternates. Miljone recorded 9 points (4+5)

masks:
Lga Miljone
Inese Geca Miljone


texts:
 in 27 games during her rookie campaign, good for 11th in team scoring despite being the youngest regularly rostered player. Modo Hockey finished the regular season in first place and went on to the 2014 SDHL finals, where they settled for Swedish Championship silver medals after falling to Linköping HC Dam. Miljone followed up her rookie season with 12 points (4+8) in 32 games in her second season with Modo Hockey. In the 2015–16 SDHL season Miljone left Modo to sign with Leksands IF Dam. She posted 5 goals and 5 assists (10 points) in 29 games.In 2016–17, Miljone scored 11 goals and 9 assists, her highest scoring SDHL season. Miljone was ranked second for scoring on Leksands IF with a total of 20 points. In the 2017–18 SDHL season, Miljone posted 8 goals and 8 assists in 30 games. NCAA
For the 2018-19 season, Miljone moved from Sweden to Maine, United States of America to play with Maine Black Bears of the NCAA Division I Hockey East. Miljone recorded 12 points (3+9) in 27 games during her rookie campaign and scored her first collegiate goal in her second collegiate game. Miljone followed up her rookie season with 28 points (10+18) in 37 games in her second season with Maine Black Bears. Miljone was ranked third on Maine Black Bears with 10 goals, 89 shots, 43 blocked shots, and ranked second on the team with 18 assists.Maine Black Bears beat Boston University in quarterfinals in best-of-3 and played in Hockey East semifinals for the second time in Maine Black Bears history. In 2020-21 season, Miljone posted 1 goal and 2 assists, and was ranked fifth on team with 19 blocked shots in only 10 games. Maine Black Bears made it to Hockey


texts:
 East semifinals for the third time in Maine Black Bears history. International play

<mask> first played in an IIHF tournament in 2013 when she joined the Latvian national team at the 2013 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group A in Stavanger, Norway. Remarkably making history with her mother Inese Geca-<mask> as first mother-daughter duo playing in an IIHF tournament. Miljone was named the best Latvian player of the game after scoring her first goal in the national team against Norway. The sixteen year old led Latvian national team with 4 points (3+1) in 5 games and was recognized as the best player of Latvian national team at the 2013 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I.In 2014 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B games in Ventspils, Latvia, Miljone posted with 3 goals and 3 assists in only 2 games, and was named the best Latvian player of the game against Hungary. Latvian national team finished the tournament with gold medals. In 2015 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group A in Rouen, France, Miljone led Latvian national team with 3 points (2+1) in 5 games, and was named the best Latvian player of the game against Denmark. In 2016 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B in Asiago, Italy, Miljone posted 7 goals in 5 games. Miljone scored her first hat-trick in Latvian national team in only 9 minutes and 24 seconds in the tournaments first game against Kazakhstan, and was named the best Latvian player of the game. Miljone led the tournament with most goals and was named the best player of Latvian national team at the 2016 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I tournament. Latvian

masks: Miljone Miljone


texts:
 national team finished the tournament with silver medals.Miljone had a career-high 10 point IIHF tournament in 2017 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B in Katowice, Poland. Miljone posted her second career hat-trick in Latvian national team in the first game of the tournament, and was named the best Latvian player of the game against China. Miljone posted 5 goals and 5 assists in 5 games, earning the 2017 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B best forward award. Latvian national team finished the tournament with bronze medals. In 2018 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B in Asiago, Italy, Miljone posted 2 goals and 2 assists in 5 games, and was named the best Latvian player of the game against China. Latvian national team finished the tournament with bronze medals. In 2019 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B games in Beijing, China, Miljone posted 1 goal in 4 games.Miljone was named the best Latvian player of the game against Netherlands. Personal life
Miljone is quadrilingual, she can speak in four different languages. She has played basketball and floorball. Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

European Women's Champions Cup

International

Awards and honours

References

External links

 Līga Miljone at the Latvian Ice Hockey Federation
 Līga Miljone at the University of Maine Athletics
 Līga Miljone at USCHO.com

Living people
1997 births
Sportspeople from Riga
Latvian women's ice hockey players
Maine Black Bears women's ice hockey players
Leksands IF players
Modo Hockey players
Latvian expatriate ice hockey people
Expatriate ice hockey players in the United


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<mask> (May 4, 1937 – May 29, 2016) was an American underwater archaeologist, considered the founding father of the field in the National Park Service. A native Californian, he did undergraduate and graduate work at Stanford University, and began his career with the National Park Service in 1959, which included assignments in six parks, the Washington, D.C. Office, and the Southeast Archaeological Center from which he retired in 1988. He began teaching courses in underwater archaeology at Florida State University in 1974 and co-instructed inter-disciplinary courses in scientific diving techniques. After retirement from the NPS his FSU activities were expanded and his assistance helped shape the university's program in underwater archaeology. <mask> was a true pioneer in the field of underwater archaeology and his students are now professors in the U.S. and abroad, serve as state, federal, and territorial archaeologists, direct non-profit research organizations, and work in the private sector. He founded and oversaw the  underwater archaeology program for the National Park Service in 1968, and was involved with many of the early shipwreck excavations that are now required reading in introductory textbooks (such as the 1554 Padre Island galleons,   1733 galleon San Jose, 1622 galleon Rosario, 1748 British warship HMS Fowey, 1865 steamboat Bertrand). <mask> taught, as a volunteer at no cost to the university, for almost 30 years at Florida State University, which enabled their underwater archaeology program and introduced hundreds of students to this field.Personal life
<mask> was born in Susanville, Lassen County, to <mask> <mask>, a forester with the

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 United States Forest Service, and <mask> <mask>, a school teacher. He was raised in various small towns in northern California, including Alturus, Quincy and Tulelake. While in Tulelake, his mother taught school children at the Tule Lake War Relocation Center, and found it more convenient to bring young <mask> along and teach him with the interned Japanese children. <mask> soon distinguished himself as the only Caucasian child that was hurling stones at the guards during recess. He met his wife, Nancy (Jane) <mask> while attending Stanford and they were married on June 20, 1961. Nancy gave birth to their only child, <mask> <mask>, on May 9, 1963, while <mask> was stationed at Montezuma Castle National Monument in Arizona. <mask> and Nancy lived in Tallahassee, Florida, during his career with the Southeast Archeological Center and Florida State University, and after his retirement.He died in Tallahassee, Florida, on May 29, 2016. He is survived by his wife and son. Education
<mask> attended Stanford University, performing his Undergraduate work from 1955 to 1960 and earning his Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology, with minor concentrations in English and Geology. He continued with graduate school at Stanford from 1960–62 and has completed all requirements for his Master of Arts in Anthropology except thesis. <mask> dabbled part-time as a special student at Florida State University from 1972 to 1973 while employed at the Southeast Archaeological Center. Employment
<mask> was employed with the National Park Service from 1959 to 1988, starting as a seasonal Park Ranger and archaeologist from 1959 to 1962 in Mesa Verde National Park and Wupatki National

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 Monument. In 1962 he became a full-time employee with the NPS as Park Archaeologist at Montezuma Castle National Monument, and in 1964 he took a position as the Park Archaeologist at Ocmulgee National Monument.In 1966 <mask> moved on to become a Staff Archaeologist at the Division of Archaeology and Anthropology for the NPS in Washington, D.C. There <mask> performed general archaeological resource management and research and was able to pursue interests in underwater archaeology. 1972 saw <mask> transferring to Tallahassee to take a position as a Research Archaeologist at the Southeast Archaeological Center, and that institution's close association with the Florida State University Department of Anthropology led to <mask>'s work with archaeology faculty and students there. Upon his retirement from the NPS in 1988, <mask> became a Courtesy Assistant Professor for the Department of Anthropology. During his tenure at Florida State, he served as an instructor of underwater archaeology courses, lectured on topics relating to underwater archaeology for courses in historical archaeology, public archaeology, and Southeast colonial history, and assisted or co-instructed courses in scientific diving techniques and project management through the Academic Diving Program. <mask>'s instruction and mentoring capacities lessened in the late 1990s as he shifted more into retirement mode. Archaeological achievements
<mask> served as principal investigator on field projects undertaken through his Park Service and FSU career in two areas of Gulf Islands National Seashore; Castillo de San Marcos, Fort Jefferson, and Fort Matanzas National Monuments in Florida; and Fort

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 Frederica National Monument in Georgia.Projects in Florida outside the National Park System included investigations at Fort Picolata, St. John's County; a survey for HMS Fox (1799) at St. George Island; a survey of Ballast Cove, Dog Island; an underwater survey of Wakulla Springs; a project involving applications of underwater archaeological techniques to crime scene investigation for the Florida Department of Law Enforcement; and several investigations of shipwreck sites in Mobile Bay. He also taught portions of workshops that the Academic Diving Program has sponsored for outside agencies. Montezuma Well
In the earliest underwater archaeological investigations by the Park Service (October, 1968), <mask> directed a survey and testing of Montezuma Well, Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona. Steamboat Bertrand
From July to September, 1969, <mask> served as field coordinator on the excavation of the 19th century steamboat Bertrand at Desoto National Wildlife Refuge on the Missouri River near Blair, Nebraska. Over 200,000 items were excavated from the wreck, whole objects in incredible condition, still packed in the original crates, with the names of the manufacturers, shippers and consignees; all dated to the morning of April 1, 1865. This opened his eyes to the "time capsule" nature of historic shipwreck sites, allowing one to see a specific day and an event caught in time, rather than working with fragments of artifacts and historical trash. Padre Island National Seashore
In 1970 <mask> headed up what came to be one of the first serious underwater archaeology investigations by National Park Service starting with a terrestrial metal detector

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 survey and preliminary assessment of underwater archaeological resources at Padre Island National Seashore in Texas.Preliminary research led to an underwater archaeological survey of 1554 Spanish Plate Fleet wrecks there, and excavation of the Galleon San Esteban, sponsored by Texas Antiquities Committee. Fort Jefferson
Fort Jefferson is a US Third System Fort 70 miles west of Key West in the Gulf of Mexico, and is the largest brick masonry fortification in the western hemisphere. In the late 1960s and early 1970s <mask> led evaluations of underwater archaeological resources, limited underwater archaeological survey and excavations, and extensive underwater archaeological survey and testing activities. The 1969 work marked the first extensive shipwreck survey by the NPS on park property, noting more than 20 sites. He also participated with staff of Earth Satellite Corporation in a remote sensing survey for historic shipwreck sites, and assisted in analysis of data. Work was conducted at Fort Jefferson in 1981 and 1982 in partnership with Florida State University. 1622 galleon Rosario
In the summer of 1981 and 1982 <mask> directed underwater archaeological investigations of what is considered the wreck of the Nuestra Señora del Rosario of the 1622 Spanish fleet, as well as an unidentified patache of the same fleet.This investigation revealed what could represent one of the pataches that was sent to salvage the Rosario less than a month after the hurricane that sank it, possibly documenting the speed with which the Spanish salvaged their own wrecks. HMS Fowey
 was a fifth rate British warship, carrying 44 guns and over 200 men, captained by a descendant

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 of Sir Francis Drake's brother. It had scored victories over French and Spanish ships in battle, but was lost on a reef at what is now known as the Legare Anchorage in Biscayne National Park in 1748. The sunken vessel became the subject of an ownership dispute with a part-time treasure salvor who presumed that it was part of the Spanish treasure fleet. Through legal conflicts and systematic surveys and archaeological investigations of the 1980s and 1990s, <mask> and his staff from the Park Service and students from Florida State University not only identified the sunken vessel but won a legal battle that effectively changed how Admiralty law was applied to submerged shipwreck sites. The court found that the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 was to be applied to submerged shipwreck sites as it is to historic sites on land, no longer allowing plundering by individuals using marine salvage and Admiralty law to profiteer from the non-archaeological salvage of a historic shipwreck in National Park grounds. This activity is seen by many of his colleagues and former students as <mask>'s defining act.Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology
<mask> was also a founding member of the Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology, an international committee of the Society for Historical Archaeology that provides advice and assistance to governments, institutions, and individuals on matters relating to the field. He currently holds emeritus status. FSU ADP
During the period of <mask>'s tenure as a courtesy professor the FSU Coastal and Marine Laboratory's Academic Diving Program, established in 1975, grew to one of the largest and most active diving

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 research, support, and training programs in the United States. The Marine Lab and Academic Diving Program traditionally supports the research diving needs of faculty and students from many departments, as well as several outside agencies, including the Florida Geological Survey and the US Environmental Protection Agency. <mask> assisted or co-instructed courses in scientific diving techniques and project management through the Florida State University Academic Diving Program from 1976 through his retirement from the Park Service in 1988, and continued as a co-instructor until 2002. His input and continuity over three decades was instrumental in the expansion and ongoing development of this program. Publications
<mask>, with primary author and former student <mask>. Skowronek, authored the book HMS Fowey Lost and Found: Being the Discovery, Excavation, and Identification of a British Man-of-War Lost off the Cape of Florida in 1748, published by the University Press of Florida on January 26, 2009.<mask>, <mask>. (1975) A Survey of the Offshore Lands of Gulf Islands National Seashore, Florida. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 3(2):338-339. <mask>, <mask>. (1975) "Archeological Assessment of Biscayne National Monument." Southeast Archeological Center, National Park Service, Tallahassee, Florida. <mask>, <mask>. (1980) "Interim Report: Underwater Archeological Survey of Legare Anchorage, Biscayne National Park." Southeast Archeological Center, National Park Service, Tallahassee, Florida. <mask>, <mask>. and <mask>. Johnson (1982) "Fort Jefferson National Monument Overview, Research Design, and Scope of Work, Investigations of Site FOJE-UW-9

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 (8MO83)."Southeast Archeological Center, National Park Service, Tallahassee, Florida. Skowronek, <mask>., <mask>. Johnson, <mask>. Vernon and <mask><mask> (1987) "The Legare Anchorage Shipwreck Site-Grave of HMS Fowey". International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 16(4):313-324. <mask>, <mask>. and Philip R. Gerrell (1990) An Underwater Archaeological Assessment of Cultural Resources Located at the Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park (8WA24), Florida. In Underwater Archaeology Proceedings from the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference, edited by Toni Carrell, pp. 125–128. Society for Historical Archaeology, Tucson, Arizona.McLean, Cecil W. and <mask><mask> (1991) Investigation of the Civil War Blockade Runner Ivanhoe. Florida State University Department of Anthropology. <mask>, <mask>. (1993) The Conference on Underwater Archaeology and The Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology: A Brief History. In Underwater Archaeology Proceedings from the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference, edited by Shelli O. Smith, pp. 2–6. Society for Historical Archaeology, Kansas City, Missouri. <mask>, <mask>. (1999) The History of Underwater Archaeology at Florida State University: a Retrospective of the Past and a Look to the Future.In Underwater Archaeology Proceedings from the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference, edited by Adrian A. Neidinger and Matthew A<mask>, pp. 80–84. Society for Historical Archaeology, Salt Lake City, Utah. Awards and honors
The Department of Anthropology at Florida State University dedicated its George R. Fischer Laboratory of Underwater Archaeology to <mask> (see photograph at top of page). LAMP and the St.

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 Augustine Lighthouse awarded <mask> a Lifetime Achievement award, for his “many contributions to the field of underwater archaeology, and to the education of this and future generations of underwater archaeologists” on March 21, 2007. In March 2007, LAMP announced during the first annual Northeast Florida Symposium on Underwater Archaeology that <mask> had donated his personal library to LAMP, to form the core of a first-class research library, the George R. Fischer Library of Maritime Archaeology. A session of papers in honor of <mask> was presented at the 41st annual Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology held in Albuquerque, New Mexico on January 10, 2008.On January 8, 2010, at the 43rd annual Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology at Amelia Island in Northeast Florida, <mask> was presented with the Society for Historical Archaeology's Award of Merit "for his many contributions to the development of underwater archaeology and for his exemplary service on the Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology." References

1937 births
2016 deaths
American archaeologists
American underwater divers
Florida State University faculty
People from Tallahassee, Florida
Stanford University alumni
Underwater archaeologists
People from Susanville,

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texts: <mask> II (born June 9, 1963) is an American actor, producer, and musician. He is the recipient of various accolades, including a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award, in addition to nominations for three Academy Awards and two British Academy Film Awards. <mask> made his debut in the horror film A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984), before rising to prominence as a teen idol on the television series 21 Jump Street (1987–1990). In the 1990s, <mask> acted mostly in independent films, often playing eccentric characters. These included What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993), Benny and Joon (1993), Dead Man (1995), Donnie Brasco (1997), and Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas (1998). <mask> also began collaborating with director Tim Burton, starring in Edward Scissorhands (1990), Ed Wood (1994) and Sleepy Hollow (1999). In the 2000s, <mask> became one of the most commercially successful film stars by playing Captain Jack Sparrow in the swashbuckler film series Pirates of the Caribbean (2003–present).He received critical praise for  Finding Neverland (2004), and continued his commercially successful collaboration with Tim Burton with the films Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005), Corpse Bride (2005), Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007), and Alice in Wonderland (2010). In 2012, <mask> was one of the world's biggest film stars, and was listed by the Guinness World Records as the world's highest-paid actor, with earnings of US$75 million. During the 2010s, <mask> began producing films through his company, Infinitum Nihil, and formed the rock supergroup Hollywood Vampires with Alice Cooper and Joe Perry. <mask> was married to actress Amber Heard from 2015 to 2017. Their divorce drew media attention as she

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 alleged that he had been abusive throughout their relationship. <mask> sued Heard for defamation in 2019 after she wrote an op-ed discussing being a public victim of domestic violence; the case will go to trial in 2022. He also sued the publishers of The Sun in a related libel suit in England.In 2020, the High Court of Justice of England and Wales ruled that <mask> had lost his libel case and that the majority of Heard's allegations had been proven to a civil standard. Early life and ancestry
John Christopher <mask> II was born on June 9, 1963, in Owensboro, Kentucky, the youngest of four children of waitress Betty Sue Palmer ( Wells) and civil engineer John Christopher <mask>. <mask>'s family moved frequently during his childhood, eventually settling in Miramar, Florida in 1970. His parents divorced in 1978 when he was 15, and his mother later married Robert Palmer, whom <mask> has called "an inspiration". <mask> was gifted a guitar by his mother when he was 12 years old, and began playing in various bands. He dropped out of Miramar High School aged 16 in 1979 to become a rock musician. He attempted to go back to school two weeks later, but the principal told him to follow his dream of being a musician.In 1980, <mask> began playing guitar in a band called The Kids. After modest local success in Florida, the band moved to Los Angeles in pursuit of a record deal, changing their name to Six Gun Method. In addition to the band, <mask> worked a variety of odd jobs, such as in telemarketing. In December 1983, <mask> married make-up artist Lori Anne Allison, the sister of his band's bassist and singer. The Kids split up before signing a record deal in 1984, and <mask> subsequently began collaborating with the band Rock City

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texts: Angels. He co-wrote their song "Mary", which appeared on their debut Geffen Records album Young Man's Blues. <mask> and Allison divorced in 1985.<mask> is primarily of English descent, with some French, German, and Irish ancestry. His surname comes from a French Huguenot immigrant (Pierre Dieppe, who settled in Virginia around 1700). He is also descended from colonial freedom fighter Elizabeth Key Grinstead (1630–1665), daughter of English planter and member of the Virginia House of Burgesses Thomas Key and an African woman that he enslaved. In interviews in 2002 and 2011, <mask> claimed to have Native American ancestry, stating, "I guess I have some Native American somewhere down the line. My great-grandmother was quite a bit of Native American, she grew up Cherokee or maybe Creek Indian. Makes sense in terms of coming from Kentucky, which is rife with Cherokee and Creek Indian." <mask>'s claims came under scrutiny when Indian Country Today stated that <mask> had never inquired about his heritage nor was he recognized as a member of the Cherokee Nation.This led to criticism from the Native American community, as <mask> has no documented Native ancestry, and Native community leaders refer to him as "a non-Indian". <mask>'s choice to portray Tonto, a Native American character, in The Lone Ranger was criticized, along with his choice to name his rock band "Tonto's Giant Nuts". During the promotion for The Lone Ranger, <mask> was adopted as an honorary son by LaDonna Harris, a member of the Comanche Nation, making him an honorary member of her family but not a member of any tribe. Critical response to his claims from the Native community increased after this, including satirical portrayals of <mask> by Native comedians.

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 An ad featuring <mask> and Native American imagery, by Dior for the fragrance "Sauvage", was pulled in 2019 after being accused of cultural appropriation and racism. Career
 1984–1989: Early roles and 21 Jump Street

In the early 1980s, <mask>'s then-wife Lori Ann Allison introduced him to actor Nicolas Cage, who advised him to pursue an acting career. <mask> has also credited James Dean as the catalyst that made him want to become an actor.<mask>'s first film role was in the horror film A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984), in which he played the boyfriend of the main character and one of Freddy Krueger's victims. After a starring role in the comedy Private Resort (1985), <mask> was cast in the lead role of the skating drama Thrashin' (1986) by the film's director, but the decision was later overridden by its producer. Instead, <mask> appeared in a minor supporting role as a Vietnamese-speaking private in Oliver Stone's Vietnam War drama Platoon (1986). <mask> became a teen idol during the late 1980s, when he starred as an undercover police officer in a high school operation in the Fox television series 21 Jump Street, which premiered in 1987. He accepted this role to work with actor Frederic Forrest, who inspired him. Despite his success, <mask> felt that the series "forced [him] into the role of product". 1990–2002: Independent films and first collaborations with Tim Burton
Disillusioned by his experiences as a teen idol in 21 Jump Street, <mask> began choosing roles which he found more interesting, rather than those he thought would succeed at the box office.His first film release in 1990 was John Waters' Cry-Baby, a musical comedy set in the 1950s. Although it was not a box office success upon its initial release,


texts: over the years it has gained cult classic status. Also in 1990, <mask> played the title character in Tim Burton's romantic fantasy film Edward Scissorhands opposite Dianne Wiest and Winona Ryder. The film was a commercial and critical success with a domestic gross of $53 million. In preparation for the role, <mask> watched many Charlie Chaplin films to study the idea of creating sympathy without dialogue. Peter Travers of Rolling Stone praised <mask>'s performance stating that he "artfully expresses the fierce longing in gentle Edward; it's a terrific performance", while Rita Kempley of The Washington Post stated that he "brings the eloquence of the silent era to this part of few words, saying it all through bright black eyes and the tremulous care with which he holds his horror-movie hands. <mask> earned his first Golden Globe nomination for the film.<mask> had no film releases in the following two years, with the exception of a brief cameo in Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare (1991), the sixth installment in the A Nightmare of Elm Street franchise. He appeared in three films in 1993. In the romantic comedy Benny and Joon, he played an eccentric and illiterate silent film fan who befriends a mentally ill woman and her brother; it became a sleeper hit. Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote that <mask> "may look nothing like Buster Keaton, but there are times when he genuinely seems to become the Great Stone Face, bringing Keaton's mannerisms sweetly and magically to life". <mask> received a second Golden Globe nomination for the performance. His second film of the year was Lasse Hallström's What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993), a drama about a dysfunctional family in which he starred alongside Leonardo DiCaprio and

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texts: Juliette Lewis. It did not perform well commercially, but received positive notices from the critics.Although most of the reviews focused on DiCaprio, who was nominated for an Academy Award for his performance, Todd McCarthy of Variety wrote that "<mask> manages to command center screen with a greatly affable, appealing characterization". <mask>'s final 1993 release was Emir Kusturica's surrealist comedy-drama Arizona Dream, which opened to positive reviews, and won the Silver Bear at Berlin Film Festival. In 1994, <mask> reunited with director Tim Burton, playing the title role in Ed Wood, a biographical film about one of history's most inept film directors. <mask> later stated that he was at the time depressed about films and filmmaking, but that "within 10 minutes of hearing about the project, I was committed." He found that the role gave him a "chance to stretch out and have some fun" and that working with Martin Landau, who played Bela Lugosi, "rejuvenated my love for acting". Although it did not earn back its production costs, Ed Wood received a positive reception from the critics, with Janet Maslin of The New York Times writing that <mask> had "proved himself as an established, certified great actor" and "captured all the can-do optimism that kept Ed Wood going, thanks to an extremely funny ability to look at the silver lining of any cloud." <mask> was nominated for a third time for a Best Musical or Comedy Actor Golden Globe for his performance.The following year, <mask> starred in three films. He played opposite Marlon Brando in the box-office hit Don Juan DeMarco, as a man who believes he is Don Juan, the world's greatest lover. He then starred in Jim Jarmusch's Dead Man, a Western shot entirely in


texts: black-and-white; it was not a commercial success and had mixed critical reviews. <mask>'s final film of the year was in the financial and critical failure Nick of Time, a thriller in which he played an accountant who is told to kill a politician to save his kidnapped daughter. In 1997, <mask> starred alongside Al Pacino in the crime drama Donnie Brasco, directed by Mike Newell. He portrayed Joseph D. Pistone, an undercover FBI Agent who assumes the name 'Donnie Brasco' in order to infiltrate the mafia in New York City. To prepare for the role, <mask> spent time with the real-life Joe Pistone, on whose memoirs the film was based.Donnie Brasco was a commercial and critical success, and is considered to contain one of <mask>'s finest performances. In 1997, <mask> also debuted as a director and screenwriter with The Brave. He starred in it as a poor Native American man who accepts a proposal from a wealthy man, played by Marlon Brando, to appear in a snuff film in exchange for money for his family. It premiered at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival for generally negative reviews. Variety dismissed the film as "a turgid and unbelievable neo-western", and Time Out stated that there's nothing inherently wrong with the film but that "besides the implausibilities, the direction has two fatal flaws: it's both tediously slow and hugely narcissistic as the camera focuses repeatedly on <mask>'s bandana'd head and rippling torso." Due to the negative reviews, <mask> decided not to release The Brave formally in the United States, neither in theaters nor on home media. <mask> was a fan and friend of writer Hunter S. Thompson, and played his alter ego Raoul Duke in Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas (1998), Terry Gilliam's film adaptation of

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texts: Thompson's pseudobiographical novel of the same name.It was a box office failure, and polarized critics. Later that year, <mask> made a brief cameo in Mika Kaurismäki's L.A. Without a Map (1998). <mask> appeared in three films in 1999. The first was the sci-fi thriller The Astronaut's Wife, co-starring Charlize Theron, which was not a commercial or critical success. The second,  Roman Polanski's The Ninth Gate, which starred <mask> as a seller of old books who becomes entangled in a mystery, was moderately more successful with audiences but received mixed reviews. <mask>'s third film of 1999 was Tim Burton's adaptation of The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, where <mask> played Ichabod Crane opposite Christina Ricci and Christopher Walken.For his performance, <mask> took inspiration from Angela Lansbury, Roddy McDowall and Basil Rathbone, stating that he "always thought of Ichabod as a very delicate, fragile person who was maybe a little too in touch with his feminine side, like a frightened little girl." Sleepy Hollow was a commercial and critical success. <mask>'s first film release of the new millennium was British-French drama The Man Who Cried (2000), directed by Sally Potter and starring him as a Roma horseman opposite Christina Ricci, Cate Blanchett and John Turturro. It was not a critical success. <mask> also had a supporting role in Julian Schnabel's critically acclaimed Before Night Falls (2000). <mask>'s final film for the year was Lasse Hallström's critically and commercially successful Chocolat (2000), in which he played a Roma man and the love interest of the main character, Juliette Binoche. <mask>'s next roles were both based on historical persons.In Blow (2001), he starred as cocaine smuggler George Jung, who

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 was part of the Medellín Cartel in the 1980s. The film underperformed in the box office and received mixed reviews. In the comic book adaptation From Hell (2001), <mask> portrayed inspector Frederick Abberline, who investigated the Jack the Ripper murders in the 1880s London. The film also received mixed reviews from critics but was a moderate commercial success. 2003–2011: Pirates of the Caribbean, commercial and critical success

In 2003, <mask> starred in the Walt Disney Pictures adventure film Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, which was a major box office success. He earned widespread acclaim for his comic performance as pirate Captain Jack Sparrow, and received Academy Award, Golden Globe and BAFTA nominations and won a Screen Actor's Guild Award for Best Actor as well as an MTV Movie Award. <mask> has said that Sparrow is "definitely a big part of me", and that he modeled the character after The Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards and cartoon skunk Pepé Le Pew.Studio executives had at first been ambivalent about <mask>'s portrayal, but the character became popular with audiences. In his other film release in 2003, Robert Rodriguez' action film Once Upon a Time in Mexico, <mask> played a corrupt CIA agent. A moderate box-office success, it received average to good reviews, with <mask>'s performance in particular receiving praise. <mask> next starred as an author with writer's block in the thriller Secret Window (2004), based on a short story by Stephen King. It was a moderate commercial success but received mixed reviews. Released around the same time, the British-Australian independent film The Libertine (2004) saw <mask> portray the seventeenth-century poet and rake, the Earl of


texts: Rochester. It had only limited release, and received mainly negative reviews.<mask>'s third film of 2004, Finding Neverland, was more positively received by the critics, and earned him his second Academy Award nomination as well as Golden Globe, BAFTA, and SAG nominations for his performance as Scottish author J. M. Barrie. <mask> also made a brief cameo appearance in the French film Happily Ever After (2004), and founded his own film production company, Infinitum Nihil, under Warner Bros. Pictures. <mask> continued his box-office success with a starring role as Willy Wonka in Tim Burton's adaptation of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005). It also had a positive critical reception, with <mask> being nominated again for the Golden Globe for Best Actor in a Comedy or Musical. Chocolate Factory was followed by another Burton project, stop-motion animation Corpse Bride (2005), in which <mask> voiced the main character, Victor Van Dort. <mask> reprised the role of Jack Sparrow in the Pirates sequels Dead Man's Chest (2006) and At World's End (2007), both of which were major box office successes. He also voiced the character in the video game Pirates of the Caribbean: The Legend of Jack Sparrow.According to a survey taken by Fandango, <mask> in the role of Jack Sparrow was the main reason for many cinema-goers to see a Pirates film. In 2007, <mask> collaborated with Burton for their sixth film together, this time playing murderous barber Sweeney Todd in the musical Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007). <mask> cited Peter Lorre's performance in Mad Love (1935), in which Lorre played a "creepy but sympathetic" surgeon, as his main influence for the role. Sweeney Todd was the first film in which <mask> had


texts: been required to sing. Instead of hiring a qualified vocal coach, he prepared for the role by recording demos with his old bandmate Bruce Witkin. The film was a commercial and critical success. Entertainment Weeklys Chris Nashawaty stated that "<mask>'s soaring voice makes you wonder what other tricks he's been hiding...Watching <mask>'s barber wield his razors... it's hard not to be reminded of Edward Scissorhands frantically shaping hedges into animal topiaries 18 years ago... and all of the twisted beauty we would've missed out on had [Burton and <mask>] never met." <mask> won the Golden Globe for Best Musical or Comedy Actor for the role, and was nominated for the third time for an Academy Award. In 2009, <mask> portrayed real-life gangster John Dillinger in Michael Mann's  1930s crime film Public Enemies. It was commercially successful and gained moderately positive reviews. Roger Ebert stated in his review that "This <mask> performance is something else. For once an actor playing a gangster does not seem to base his performance on movies he has seen. He starts cold.He plays Dillinger as a fact." <mask>'s second film of 2009, The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus, reunited him with director Terry Gilliam. <mask>, Jude Law, and Colin Farrell each played the character initially portrayed by their friend Heath Ledger, who had died before the film was completed. All three actors gave their salaries to Ledger's daughter, Matilda. <mask> began the 2010s with another collaboration with Tim Burton, Alice in Wonderland (2010), in which he played the Mad Hatter opposite Helena Bonham Carter, Anne Hathaway and Alan Rickman. Despite mixed reviews, it earned US$1.025 billion in the box office, thus becoming the

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 second-highest-grossing film of 2010 and one of the highest-grossing films of all time. <mask>'s second film release of 2010 was the romantic thriller The Tourist, in which he starred opposite Angelina Jolie.It was commercially successful, although panned by critics. Regardless, he received Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy Golden Globe nominations for both films. <mask>'s first 2011 film release was the animation Rango, in which he voiced the title character, a lizard. It was a major critical and commercial success. His second film of the year, the fourth installment in the Pirates series, On Stranger Tides, was again a box office hit, becoming the third-highest-grossing film of 2011. Later in 2011, <mask> released the first two projects co-produced by his company, Infinitum Nihil. The first was a film adaptation of the novel The Rum Diary by Hunter S. Thompson and starred <mask>.It failed to bring back its production costs and received mixed reviews. The company's second undertaking, Martin Scorsese's Hugo (2011), garnered major critical acclaim and several awards nominations, but similarly did not perform well in the box office. In 2011, <mask> also made a brief cameo in the Adam Sandler film Jack and Jill. 2012–2020: Career setbacks
By 2012, <mask> was one of the world's biggest film stars, and was listed by the Guinness World Records as the world's highest-paid actor, with earnings of US$75 million. That year, he and his 21 Jump Street co-stars Peter DeLuise and Holly Robinson reprised their roles in cameo appearances in the series' feature film adaptation. <mask> also starred in and co-produced his eighth film with Tim Burton, Dark Shadows (2012), alongside Helena Bonham Carter, Michelle Pfeiffer, and Eva Green.


texts: The film was based on a 1960s Gothic television soap opera of the same name, which had been one of his favorites as a child.The film's poor reception in the United States brought <mask>'s star appeal into question. After Infinitum Nihil's agreement with WB expired in 2011, <mask> signed a multi-year first-look deal with Walt Disney Studios. The first film made in the collaboration was The Lone Ranger (2013), in which <mask> starred as Tonto. <mask>'s casting as a Native American brought accusations of whitewashing, and the film was not well received by the public or the critics, causing Disney to take a US$190 million loss. Following a brief cameo in the independent film Lucky Them (2013), <mask> starred as an AI-studying scientist in the sci-fi thriller Transcendence (2014), which was yet another commercial failure, and earned mainly negative reviews. His other roles in 2014 were a minor supporting part as The Wolf in the musical adaptation Into the Woods, and a more substantial appearance as eccentric French-Canadian ex-detective in Kevin Smith's horror-comedy Tusk, in which he was credited by the character's name, Guy LaPointe. In 2015, <mask> appeared in two films produced by Infinitum Nihil.The first was comedy-thriller Mortdecai, in which he acted opposite Gwyneth Paltrow. The film was a critical and commercial failure and brought both stars Golden Raspberry nominations. The second film, Black Mass (2015), in which he played Boston crime boss Whitey Bulger, was better received. Critics from The Hollywood Reporter and Variety called it one of <mask>'s best performances to date, and the role earned <mask> his third nomination for the Best Actor SAG award. However, the film failed to bring back its production costs.


texts: <mask> also made a cameo appearance in the critically panned London Fields, starring his then-wife Amber Heard, which was to be released in 2015, but its general release was delayed by litigation until 2018. In addition to his work in films in 2015, French luxury fashion house Dior signed <mask> as the face of their men's fragrance, Sauvage, and he was inducted as a Disney Legend.<mask>'s first film release in 2016 was Yoga Hosers, a sequel to Tusk (2014), in which <mask> appeared with his daughter, Lily-Rose <mask>. Next, he played businessman and presidential candidate Donald Trump in a Funny or Die satire entitled Donald Trump's The Art of the Deal: The Movie, released during the run-up to the US presidential election. He earned praise for the role, with a headline from The A.V. Club declaring, "Who knew Donald Trump was the comeback role <mask> needed?" It was also announced that <mask> had been cast in a new franchise role as Dr. Jack Griffin/The Invisible Man in Universal Studios' planned shared film universe entitled the Dark Universe, a rebooted version of their classic Universal Monsters franchise. <mask> reprised the role of the Mad Hatter in Tim Burton's Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016), the sequel to Alice in Wonderland. In contrast to the first film's success, the sequel lost Disney approximately US$70 million.It also gained <mask> two Golden Raspberry nominations. <mask> had also been secretly cast to play dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald in a cameo appearance in Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016), the first installment of the Fantastic Beasts franchise. His name was not mentioned in the promotional materials and his cameo was only revealed at the end of the film. In 2017, <mask> appeared

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texts: alongside other actors and filmmakers in The Black Ghiandola, a short film made by a terminally ill teenager through the non-profit Make a Film Foundation. He also reprised his role as Captain Jack Sparrow in the fifth installment of the Pirates series, Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017). In the US, it did not perform as well as previous installments, and <mask> was nominated for two Golden Raspberry Awards for worst actor and for worst screen combo with "his worn-out drunk routine". However, the film had a good box office return internationally, especially in China, Japan and Russia.<mask>'s last film release in 2017 was the Agatha Christie adaptation Murder on the Orient Express, in which he was part of an ensemble cast led by director-star Kenneth Branagh. In 2018, <mask> voiced the title character Sherlock Gnomes in the animated movie Gnomeo & Juliet: Sherlock Gnomes. Although moderately commercially successful, it was critically panned and earned <mask> two Golden Raspberry nominations, one for his acting and another for his "fast-fading film career". <mask> then starred in two independent films, both produced by him and his company, Infinitum Nihil. The first was City of Lies, in which he starred as Russell Poole, an LAPD detective who attempts to solve the murders of rappers Tupac Shakur and The Notorious B.I.G. It was set for release in September 2018, but was pulled from the release schedule after a crew member sued <mask> for assault. The second film was the comedy-drama Richard Says Goodbye, in which <mask> played a professor with terminal cancer.It premiered at the Zurich Film Festival in October 2018. <mask>'s last film release of 2018 was Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald, in which he reprised his


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 role as Grindelwald. <mask>'s casting received criticism from fans of the series due to the domestic violence allegations against him. <mask> also experienced other career setbacks around this time, as Disney confirmed that they would not be casting him in new Pirates installments and he was reported to no longer be attached to Universal's Dark Universe franchise. <mask>'s next films were the independent dramas Waiting for the Barbarians (2019), based on a novel by J.M. Coetzee, and Minamata (2020), in which he portrayed photographer W. Eugene Smith and which premiered at the 2020 Berlin International Film Festival. In November 2020, <mask> resigned from his role as Grindelwald in the Fantastic Beasts franchise at the request of its production company, Warner Bros., after he lost his UK libel case against a British tabloid, who had accused him of being a domestic abuser.He was replaced by Mads Mikkelsen. Soon after, The Hollywood Reporter called <mask> "persona non-grata" in the film industry. 2021–2022: Recent activity
In March 2021, City of Lies, which was originally scheduled for 2018, was released in theaters and streaming services. The same month, an online petition to bring <mask> back to the Pirates franchise, begun four months earlier, reached its goal of 500,000 signatures. His Pirates co-star Kevin McNally also expressed support for <mask> returning to the role. In July 2021, Andrew Levitas, the director of Minamata (2020), accused MGM of trying to bury the film due to <mask>'s involvement, with <mask> claiming he is being boycotted by the Hollywood industry and calling his changed reputation an "absurdity of media mathematics." Minamata was released in the UK and Ireland in August 2021, and in North America


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 in December 2021.The film received positive reviews, with multiple publications praising <mask>'s performance as his best in years. <mask> also continues as the face of Dior's men's fragrance, Sauvage. <mask> received multiple honorary awards at numerous European film festivals, including at the Camerimage festival in Poland, the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival in the Czech Republic, and the San Sebastian Film Festival in Spain, where <mask> was awarded the Donostia Award. These awards were controversial, with various domestic violence charities criticizing the festivals. The organisers of the ceremonies released statements defending their decision to award <mask>, with the San Sebastian Film Festival stating that "he has not been charged by any authority in any jurisdiction, nor convicted of any form of violence against women." In September 2021, <mask> described himself as a victim of cancel culture. The same month, he launched IN.2, a London-based sister company to his production company, Infinitum Nihil, and announced that IN.2 and the Spanish production company A Contracorriente Films were starting a new development fund for TV and film projects.In 2022, <mask> was cast as King Louis XV in a yet untitled film about the king’s life, which will be directed by French actor-director Maïwenn. In February 2022, he received the Serbian Medal of Honor from President Aleksandar Vucic. Other ventures
In 2004, <mask> founded film production company Infinitum Nihil to develop projects where he will serve as actor or producer. He serves as its CEO, while his sister, Christi Dembrowski, serves as president. The company's first two film releases were The Rum Diary (2011) and Hugo (2011). <mask> co-owned the nightclub


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 The Viper Room in Los Angeles in 1993–2003, and the restaurant-bar Man Ray in Paris. <mask> and Douglas Brinkley edited folk singer Woody Guthrie's novel House of Earth, which was published in 2013.Music

Prior to his acting career, <mask> was a guitarist, and has later featured on songs by Oasis, Shane MacGowan, Iggy Pop, Vanessa Paradis, Aerosmith, Marilyn Manson, and The New Basement Tapes, among others. He also performed with Manson at the Revolver Golden Gods Awards in 2012. <mask> played guitar on the soundtrack of his films Chocolat and Once Upon a Time in Mexico, and has appeared in music videos for Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers,  The Lemonheads, Avril Lavigne and Paul McCartney. In the 1990s, he was also a member of P, a musical group featuring Butthole Surfers singer Gibby Haynes, Red Hot Chili Peppers bassist Flea and Sex Pistols guitarist Steve Jones. In 2015, <mask> formed the supergroup Hollywood Vampires with Alice Cooper and Joe Perry; the band also includes Bruce Witkin, his friend from his 1980s band, The Kids. Hollywood Vampires released their self-titled debut studio album in September 2015. It featured eleven classic rock covers, as well as three original songs (all co-written by <mask>).The band made their live debut at The Roxy in Los Angeles in September 2015, and has since done two world tours in 2016 and 2018. Their second studio album, Rise, was released in June 2019 and consists mostly of original material, including songs written by <mask>. The album  also features a cover version of David Bowie's "Heroes", sung by <mask>. In 2020, <mask> released a cover of John Lennon's "Isolation" with guitarist Jeff Beck, and stated that they would be releasing more music together in the future.


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 Reception and public image
In the 1990s, <mask> was seen as a new type of male film star that rejected the norms of that role. After becoming a teen idol in  21 Jump Street, he publicly protested against the image, and with his subsequent film and PR choices began to cultivate a new public persona. According to journalist Hadley Freeman:

Similarly, film scholar Anna Everett has described <mask>'s 1990s films and public persona as "anti-macho" and "gender-bending", going against the conventions of a Hollywood leading man.After 21 Jump Street, <mask> chose to work in independent films, often taking on quirky roles that sometimes even completely obscured his looks, such as Edward Scissorhands. Critics often described <mask>'s characters as "iconic loners" or "gentle outsiders". According to <mask>, his agent, Tracey Jacobs of the United Talent Agency (UTA), had to take "a lot of heat over the years" for his role choices; <mask> characterized higher-ups at the UTA as thinking, "Jesus Christ! When does he do a movie where he kisses the girl? When does he get to pull a gun out and shoot somebody? When does he get to be a [fucking] man for a change? When is he finally going to do a blockbuster?"<mask> also cultivated the image of a bad boy. According to Everett, his "rule-breaking" roles matched with the "much publicized rebelliousness, unconventionality, and volatility ascribed to <mask>'s own personal life throughout the decade. From reports of his repeated confrontations with the police, trashing of a hotel room, chain smoking, drinking, and drug use, to his multiple engagements to such glamorous women as supermodel Kate Moss and Hollywood starlet Winona Ryder and others, we clearly see a perfect fit between his


texts: non-conformist star image and his repertoire of outsider characters." After a decade of appearing mainly in independent films with varying commercial success, <mask> became one of the biggest box office draws in the 2000s with his role as Captain Jack Sparrow in Walt Disney Studios' Pirates of the Caribbean franchise. The five films in the series have earned US$4.5 billion as of 2021. In addition to the Pirates franchise, <mask> also made further four films with Tim Burton that were major successes, with one, Alice in Wonderland (2010), becoming the biggest commercial hit of <mask>'s career and one of the highest-grossing films in history (as of 2021). According to film scholar Murray Pomerance, <mask>'s collaboration with Disney "can be seen to purport and herald a new era for <mask>, one in which he is, finally, as though long-promised and long-expected, the proud proprietor of a much-accepted career; not only a star but a middle-class hero".In 2003, the same year as the first film in the Pirates series was released, <mask> was named "World's Sexiest Man" by People; he would receive the title again in 2009. During the decade and into the 2010s, <mask> was one of the biggest and most popular film stars in the world and was named by public vote as "Favorite Male Movie Star" at the People's Choice Awards every year for 2005 through 2012. In 2012, <mask> became the most highly paid actor in the American film industry, earning at best $75 million per film, and as of 2020, is the tenth highest-grossing actor worldwide, with his films having grossed over US$3.7 billion at the United States box office and over US$10 billion worldwide. Although a mainstream favorite with the audiences, critics' views on <mask> changed in the

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 2000s, becoming more negative as he was seen to conform more to the Hollywood ideal. Regardless, <mask> continued to eschew more traditional leading-man roles until towards the end of the 2000s, when he starred as John Dillinger in Public Enemies (2009). In the 2010s, <mask>'s films were less successful, with many big-budget studio films such as Dark Shadows (2012), The Lone Ranger (2013), and Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016) underperforming at the box office and gaining <mask> nominations for Golden Raspberry Awards. <mask> also received negative publicity due to allegations of domestic violence, substance abuse, poor on-set behavior and the loss of his US$650 million fortune.After losing a highly publicized libel trial against the publishers of The Sun, <mask> was asked to resign from Warner Bros.' Fantastic Beasts franchise. Many publications wrote that <mask> would most likely struggle to find further work in major studio productions. Personal life
 Relationships
<mask> and makeup artist Lori Anne Allison were married from 1983 until 1985. In the late 1980s, he was  engaged to actresses Jennifer Grey and Sherilyn Fenn before proposing in 1990 to his Edward Scissorhands  Winona Ryder, for whom he tattooed "WINONA FOREVER" on his right arm. Between 1994 and 1997, he was in a relationship with English model Kate Moss. Following his breakup from Moss, <mask> began a relationship with French actress and singer Vanessa Paradis, whom he met while filming The Ninth Gate in France in 1998. They have two children, daughter Lily-Rose <mask> (born 1999) and son John Christopher "Jack" <mask> III (born 2002).<mask> stated that having children has given him a "real foundation, a real strong place to stand in life, in

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 work, in everything. ...You cannot plan the kind of deep love that results in children. Fatherhood was not a conscious decision. It was part of the wonderful ride I was on. It was destiny. All the math finally worked." <mask> and Paradis announced that they had separated in June 2012.Relationship with Amber Heard

Following the end of his relationship with Vanessa Paradis, <mask> began dating actress Amber Heard, with whom he had co-starred in The Rum Diary (2011). The couple married in a civil ceremony in February 2015. Heard filed for divorce in May 2016 and obtained a temporary restraining order against <mask>, alleging in her court declaration that he had been verbally and physically abusive throughout their relationship, usually while under the influence of drugs or alcohol. <mask> denied these claims and alleged that she was "attempting to secure a premature financial resolution". A settlement was reached in August 2016, and the divorce was finalized in January 2017. Heard dismissed the restraining order, and they issued a joint statement saying that their "relationship was intensely passionate and at times volatile, but always bound by love. Neither party has made false accusations for financial gain.There was never any intent of physical or emotional harm." <mask> paid Heard a settlement of US$7 million, which she pledged to donate to the ACLU and the Children's Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA). In 2018, <mask> brought a libel lawsuit in the UK against News Group Newspapers (NGN), publishers of The Sun, which had called him a "wife beater" in an April 2018 article. The case had a highly publicized trial in July 2020, with both <mask> and Heard testifying for several days. In November 2020, the High Court of Justice


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 ruled that 12 of the 14 incidents of violence claimed by Heard were "substantially true". The court rejected <mask>'s claim of a hoax and accepted that the allegations Heard had made against <mask> had damaged her career and activism. Following the verdict, <mask> resigned from the Fantastic Beasts franchise, after being asked to do so by its production company, Warner Bros.

Depp sought to appeal the verdict, with his lawyers accusing Heard of not following through on the charity pledge, and that the pledge had significantly influenced the judge's view of Heard.In response, Heard's legal team stated that she had not donated the full amount yet due to the lawsuits against her by <mask>. <mask>'s appeal to overturn the verdict was rejected by the Court of Appeal in March 2021. The Court of Appeal did not find the argument that the charity pledge influenced the outcome convincing, as the judge in the trial had reached their verdict by evaluating the evidence related to the 14 alleged incidents of violence; the issue of the donation was not part of it, but a comment made after the verdict had already been reached. In addition to suing The Sun in 2018, <mask> also sued Heard for defamation in Virginia, US in early 2019 over an op-ed she wrote about her experiences of leaving an abusive relationship, which had been published by The Washington Post in December 2018. <mask> alleged that Heard had been the abuser, that her allegations constituted a hoax against him, and that as a consequence, Disney had declined to cast him in future projects. In October 2020, the judge in the case dismissed <mask>'s lawyer Adam Waldman after he leaked confidential information covered by a protective order to the media. Following the verdict


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 in <mask>'s lawsuit against The Sun the next month, Heard's lawyers filed to have the defamation suit dismissed, but judge Penny Azcarate ruled against it because Heard had not been a defendant in the UK case.In August 2021, a New York judge ruled that the ACLU must disclose documents related to Heard's charity pledge to the organization. The defamation case against Heard is scheduled to go to trial in Fairfax County, Virginia in April 2022. Heard has also countersued <mask> in August 2020, alleging that he had coordinated "a harassment campaign via Twitter and [by] orchestrating online petitions in an effort to get her fired from Aquaman and L'Oreal". Alcohol and drug use
<mask> has struggled with alcoholism and addiction for much of his life. He has stated that he began using drugs by taking his mother's "nerve pills" at the age of 11, was smoking at age 12 and by the age of 14 had used "every kind of drugs there were". In a 1997 interview, <mask> acknowledged past abuse of alcohol during the filming of What's Eating Gilbert Grape? (1993).In a 2008 interview, <mask> stated that he had "poisoned" himself with alcohol "for years". In 2013, <mask> declared that he had stopped drinking alcohol, adding that he "pretty much got everything [he] could get out of it"; <mask> also said, "I investigated wine and spirits thoroughly, and they certainly investigated me as well, and we found out that we got along beautifully, but maybe too well." Regarding his breakup with longtime partner Vanessa Paradis, <mask> said that he "definitely wasn't going to rely on the drink to ease things or cushion the blow or cushion the situation...[because] that could have been fatal." According to his ex-wife, Amber Heard, <mask> "plunged into


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 the depths of paranoia and violence after binging on drugs and alcohol" during their relationship in 2013–2016. In a 2018 Rolling Stone profile of <mask>, reporter Stephen Rodrick wrote that he had used hashish in his presence and described him as "alternately hilarious, sly and incoherent"; <mask> also said that the allegation made by his former business managers that he had spent US$30,000 per month on wine was "insulting" because he had spent "far more" than that amount. During his 2020 libel trial, <mask> admitted to having been addicted to Roxicodone and alcohol as well as used other substances such as MDMA and cocaine during his relationship with Heard. Legal issues
<mask> was arrested in Vancouver in 1989 for assaulting a security guard after the police were called to end a loud party at his hotel room.He was also arrested in New York City in 1994 after causing significant damage to his room at The Mark Hotel, where he was staying with Kate Moss, his girlfriend. The charges were dropped against him after he agreed to pay US$9,767 in damages. <mask> was arrested again in 1999 for brawling with paparazzi outside a restaurant while dining in London with Paradis. In 2012, disabled UC Irvine medical professor Robin Eckert sued <mask> and three security firms, claiming to have been attacked by his bodyguards at a concert in Los Angeles in 2011. During the incident, she was allegedly hand-cuffed and dragged 40 feet across the floor, resulting in injuries including a dislocated elbow. She argued in court that, as the security guards' direct manager, <mask> failed to intervene, even though he did not take part in the battery. Before the case went to trial, <mask> settled with Eckert for an undisclosed sum, according to


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 TMZ.In April 2015, <mask>'s wife Amber Heard breached Australia's biosecurity laws when she failed to declare her and <mask>'s two dogs to the customs when they flew to Queensland, where he was working on a film. Heard pleaded guilty to falsifying quarantine documents, stating that she had made a mistake due to sleep deprivation. She was placed on a $1,000 one-month good behavior bond for producing a false document; Heard and <mask> also released a video in which they apologized for their behavior and urged people to adhere to the biosecurity laws. The Guardian called the case the "highest profile criminal quarantine case" in Australian history. In March 2016, <mask> cut ties with his management company, The Management Group (TMG), and sued them in January 2017 for allegedly improperly managing his money and leaving him over $40 million in debt. TMG stated that <mask> was responsible for his own fiscal mismanagement and countersued him for unpaid fees. In a related suit, <mask> also sued his lawyers, Bloom Hergott, in January 2017.Both lawsuits were settled, the former in 2018 and the latter in 2019. In 2018, two of <mask>'s former bodyguards sued him for unpaid fees and unsafe working conditions. The suit was settled in 2019. Also in 2018, <mask> was sued for allegedly hitting and verbally insulting a crew member while under the influence of alcohol on the set of City of Lies. Political views
<mask> stated to the German magazine Stern in 2003 that "America is dumb, is something like a dumb puppy that has big teeth—that can bite and hurt you, aggressive." Although he later asserted that the magazine misquoted him and his words were taken out of context, Stern'' stood by its story, as did CNN in its coverage of the


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 interview. CNN added his remark that he would like his children "to see America as a toy, a broken toy.Investigate it a little, check it out, get this feeling and then get out." <mask> has also disagreed with subsequent media reports that perceived him as a "European wannabe", saying that he liked the anonymity and simplicity of living in France while in a relationship with Paradis. <mask> became a U.S. resident again in 2011, because France wanted him to become a permanent resident, which he said would require him to pay income tax in both countries. In November 2016, <mask> joined the campaign Imprisoned for Art to call for the release of Ukrainian filmmaker Oleg Sentsov, who was being held in custody in Russia. At the Glastonbury Festival 2017, <mask>, criticizing the US president Donald Trump, asked: "When was the last time an actor assassinated a President? I want to clarify: I'm not an actor. I lie for a living.However, it's been a while and maybe it's time." He added, "I'm not insinuating anything". The comment was interpreted as a reference to John Wilkes Booth, the actor who assassinated Abraham Lincoln. Shawn Holtzclaw of the Secret Service told CNN they were aware of <mask>'s comment, but that "[f]or security reasons, we cannot discuss specifically nor in general terms the means and methods of how we perform our protective responsibilities". <mask> apologized shortly afterward, saying "[the remark] did not come out as intended, and I intended no malice." Filmography and accolades

Discography

See also
List of people from Kentucky
List of actors with Academy Award nominations
List of actors with two or more Academy Award nominations in acting categories

Notes

References

Citations

Sources

External links

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1963 births
Living people
20th-century American male actors
20th-century American musicians
21st-century American male actors
21st-century American musicians
American expatriate male actors in France
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male voice actors
American people of English descent
American people of French descent
American people of German descent
American people of Irish descent
American people who self-identify as being of Native American descent
American expatriates in Australia
Best Musical or Comedy Actor Golden Globe (film) winners
César Honorary Award recipients
Film producers from Kentucky
Hollywood Vampires (band) members
Male actors from Florida
Male actors from Kentucky
Male Western (genre) film actors
Nightclub owners
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role Screen Actors Guild Award winners
People from Owensboro, Kentucky
Winthrop


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<mask> (born 10 October 1986) is a French professional road racing cyclist, who rides for UCI ProTeam . He is particularly known for his aggressive style of racing in the mountains. He is a two-time stage winner in the Tour de France and a stage winner in the Giro d'Italia. His most famous win to date came at Alpe d'Huez in the 2011 Tour de France. With his win on the legendary mountain, <mask> has his name on the sign at turn 16 together with Dutchman Joop Zoetemelk. His best overall finishes in a Grand Tour include 4th overall at the 2014 Giro d'Italia and 8th overall at the 2012 Tour de France. Alongside winning a stage in the 2011 Tour de France, <mask> also won the young rider classification.Cycling career

Early years (2007–2008)
Born in Gien, <mask> turned professional in 2007 for  after riding for the team as a stagiaire in late 2006. In his first season as a professional he won a stage at La Tropicale Amissa Bongo and the Tour du Limousin. In 2008 he won the mountains classification at the Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré. At the 2008 Summer Olympic Games, <mask> competed in the road race but did not finish. Bbox Bouygues Telecom/Team Europcar (2009–2015)
In his first season at , <mask> finished 3rd at La Tropicale Amissa Bongo, but had to wait until 2010 to collect his first victory for the team, as he won a stage at the Circuit de Lorraine and finished eighth at the Critérium du Dauphiné. 2011

On stage 9 in the Tour de France, Thomas Voeckler claimed the yellow jersey after being in the breakaway. For the following week, <mask> would help Voeckler defend the jersey over legendary mountain passes at Luz Ardiden, the Plateau de Beille and the Col du Galibier.<mask> gained acclaim for his strong work in defense of Voeckler's yellow jersey. Following the 14th stage of the Tour, Lance Armstrong referred to <mask> as a "rockstar." <mask> won the 19th stage at the top of Alpe d'Huez, beating Olympic gold medalist Samuel Sánchez and two-time Tour champion Alberto Contador. The victory also won him the white

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 jersey, which he successfully defended in the 20th stage, as he finished the Tour 10th overall. 2012
In his first race of the season, <mask> won a stage at the Étoile de Bessèges and finished the race 4th overall. <mask> recorded his best result, at the time, at Liège–Bastogne–Liège, where he finished 12th. After the first week in the Tour de France, <mask> was only 25th overall, and had also endured a crash on stage 6.On stage 11, <mask> was part of a four-rider breakaway, along with Chris Anker Sørensen (), Robert Kišerlovski () and Vasil Kiryienka (). On the descent from the Col du Mollard, <mask> crashed in a corner but quickly got back on his bike. On the final climb up to La Toussuire/Les Sybelles, <mask> attacked and left the other riders behind, to take yet another solo win in the Tour de France. <mask> moved up to 9th position overall after the stage but was still keen to hunt for more stage wins. On the final mountain stage of the Tour, <mask> finished 5th and moved up to 8th position overall. This was his best career finish at the time, at the Tour de France, and he was also the best placed Frenchman in the general classification. 2013

In April, <mask> won the penultimate stage of the Circuit de la Sarthe, and won the race overall the next day.Just a few days later he was 3rd in the one-day race, Paris–Camembert. <mask> then went on to finish 10th overall at the Giro del Trentino, before one of his last goals of the spring campaign at Liège–Bastogne–Liège. After finishing 12th the previous year, <mask> had high hopes but had to settle for 24th. On stage 2 in the 100th edition of the Tour de France, <mask> made it into the breakaway and snatched the polka-dot jersey for the first time in his career. He would keep it until stage 7, where fellow Frenchman Blel Kadri took the lead with 1 point. On the last day in the Pyrenees on stage 9, <mask> reclaimed the jersey after collecting enough points in the breakaway. <mask> lost the jersey on stage 15 to Chris Froome, who won the stage to Mont

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