texts:
 struggled with substance abuse, gang rape, and eventually, drug dealing. <mask> described her experience of filming this drama as "being on an emotional roller coaster", to the extent that she did not wish to speak to anyone or pick up the phone after work.The producer of the drama, Lam Chi Wah, referred to <mask>'s role in Highs and Lows as the greatest breakthrough in her career and applauded her for setting down her image as a beauty pageant winner to dive into such a complex character in the drama. Film director, Patrick Kong, also noted in his column that <mask>'s acting has greatly matured in Highs and Lows, particularly in her portrayal of emotional scenes. In 2014, <mask> took part in a TVB-produced micro film, A Time of Love, which consists of four individual stories, each with a separate theme. <mask> starred opposite Taiwanese actors, James Wen and Chris Wang, in the "sorrow" themed story. After the airing of the micro film, TVB received 39 individual viewer statements that commended Tsui of her outstanding performance in the micro film. Column writer, Ko Leung, of Macao Daily, also stated <mask> portrayed her character in the micro film perfectly and that <mask>'s acting is comparable to that of Bai Baihe in The Stolen Years. In 2015, <mask>'s management contract with TVB ended.However, <mask> said that she is still on very good terms with TVB, and TVB has settled job arrangements for her up until February 2016. Despite having received several offers, <mask> stated that she will not finalize any management contract agreements until she has completed her jewelry design courses. Film career
Aside from her development in television acting, <mask> also experienced success in developing her career in the film industry. In 2007, through a series of auditions, <mask> was cast as the female lead, alongside A-list actors Tony Leung Ka-fai and Simon

masks: Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui


type: original

texts: Yam, in Eye in the Sky, which is a film produced by Johnnie To and directed by Yau Nai-hoi. With her performance in Eye in the Sky, <mask> earned the Best Newcomer – Gold Award from Hong Kong Film Directors' Guild 2007, as well as Hong Kong Film Award for Best New Performer from the 27th Hong Kong Film Awards, held in 2008. In 2009, <mask> starred in I Corrupt All Cops, a Hong Kong crime drama, directed by Wong Jing, who was impressed with the success of her debut performance in Eye in the Sky. Eason Chan, who plays <mask>'s husband in the film, said <mask>'s character is based on Shuang'er from The Deer and the Cauldron.In 2010, <mask> starred in Wuxia film 14 Blades, alongside Donnie Yen, Zhao Wei, and Wu Chun. In 2011, <mask> reprised her role as Paris Yiu Ho Ho from the TVB series Lives of Omission in its film sequel, Turning Point 2, in which she starred opposite Francis Ng. Playing a character with a mental disorder in the film, <mask> said that collaborating with Ng was a valuable experience because Ng was extremely willing to teach and give her suggestions about her acting and performances. From working with <mask>, Ng had openly praised her for her acting potential. In 2013, <mask> took part in a comedy film, I Love Hong Kong 2013. It is also the first film that veteran actress, Veronica Yip, has taken part in since her retirement in 1996. In the film, <mask> plays the younger version of Yip's character.The producer of the film, Eric Tsang, specifically praised <mask> for providing the best performance out of the entire cast, referring to it as a "Best Actress performance". In the same year, <mask> was also cast in Giddens Ko film, A Choo, alongside Ariel Lin and Kai Ko. In 2015, <mask> was cast in thriller film, Knock Knock, Who's There?. The film is the first directorial effort by veteran actress, Carrie Ng. <mask> said that upon receiving

masks: Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui


texts:
 the script, she had intended to reject the role because of the frightening content. However, <mask> eventually agreed to the role due to Ng's persistence and persuasion. With reference to collaborating with <mask>, Ng said that <mask> is a very professional and admirable actress.Jewelry design career
In December 2015, <mask> launched a jewelry line with K.S. Sze & Sons Ltd. The collection is called "Rabbit-Duck Illusion". She indicated that her designs are inspired by Ludwig Wittgenstein's concept on the two different ways of seeing, using the ambiguous image of a "duckrabbit". She spoke of the concept behind her jewelry designs, "It's something that I like to remind myself of, that there are many situations in life that aren't worth splitting hairs over, and if I simply adjust the angle that I'm viewing things from, I can easily see a different perspective." In early 2016, <mask> found her own fine jewelry brand and online shop; katetsui.com

Further education
In 2015–2016, <mask> completed her Jewelry Design course at GIA and Colored Gem Professional Level II at the Gübelin Academy. In June 2019, <mask> finished her master's degree in Psychology at the University of Hong Kong.She plans to further her studies overseas and pursue a PhD in psychology. Filmography

Films

Television

Awards
2016
The most promising new entrepreneur of the year - katetsui.com

2015
Jade Solid Gold Music Awards Presentation 2014 – Song Award: 棋逢敵手 (with Hubert Wu)

2014
StarHub TVB Awards 2014 – My Top 6 Favourite Female TV Character Award (Bounty Lady)
StarHub TVB Awards 2014 – Everlasting Glow Award
Jade Solid Gold Second Round Music Awards 2014  – Song Award: 棋逢敵手 (with Hubert Wu)

2013
StarHub TVB Awards 2013– My Top 6 Favourite Female TV Character Award (Highs and Lows)
StarHub TVB Awards 2013 – Most Glamorous Female Artist Award
 Next TV Awards 2013 – Top 10 Artist

masks: Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui Tsui


texts:
<mask>  (; 20 November 1919 – 10 July 2018), also known as K. P<mask> or Tian Jiabing, was a Hong Kong–Chinese businessman and philanthropist. He was the founder and chairman of Tin’s Chemical Industrial Company and the Tin Ka Ping Foundation. <mask> donated billions of Hong Kong dollars and funded hundreds of schools, dozens of hospitals, and thousands of rural libraries throughout China. He was awarded numerous honours for his philanthropy, including the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II, the Grand Bauhinia Medal by the Hong Kong government, a Gold Plate on Contribution to Public Welfare by President Lee Teng-hui of Taiwan, honorary citizenships by more than 80 cities, and honorary doctorate degrees by over ten universities. Chinese astronomers named the asteroid 2886 Tinkaping after him, and his childhood home in Dabu County is protected as a heritage site. Early life
<mask> was born in 1919 in the Hakka community of Dabu County, Meizhou, Guangdong Province. His grandfather was a Qing dynasty official who served in Henan Province and fought against the Taiping Rebellion.He was the only son of his father, a businessman who ran a grocery store and a kiln. Business career
When his father died in 1935, <mask> was forced to quit school at the age of 15 to run the family business. He went to Vietnam in 1937 to export the porcelain clay which Dabu is famous for, and soon controlled 60% of Dabu's export business. However, the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out, and in June 1939 the Imperial Japanese Army occupied Shantou, the main port in eastern Guangdong, blocking the export route from Dabu. <mask> moved to Indonesia in 1939 to join his cousin and helped run the latter's metal factory. After the Surrender of Japan in 1945, he founded a factory in Jakarta to process the abundant supply of local rubber, and later expanded the business with a second factory. In 1956, he started the first plastic film factory in Indonesia.Because of government policies that

masks:
Tin Ka Ping
. Tin
Tin
Tin Ka Ping
Tin
Tin


texts:
 discriminated against Chinese Indonesians, in 1959 he left Indonesia for Hong Kong. He built a factory in Tuen Mun District making plastics and artificial leather, and his Tin’s Chemical Industrial Company became a leader in Hong Kong's chemical industry. He later opened a second factory and owned several industrial buildings. With China's reform and opening in the 1980s, <mask> joined many other Hong Kong companies to open factories in the mainland. He opened his first mainland factory in Humen, Dongguan, and gradually grew the business. Philanthropy
<mask> was involved in philanthropy since the 1960s and 1970s, when he served as a director of Hong Kong's three largest charities at the time: Pok Oi Hospital, Tung Wah Group of Hospitals, and . In 1982, he donated more than a billion Hong Kong dollars, which was about 80% of his wealth, to establish the Tin Ka Ping Foundation, dedicated to making donations in education, medical care, transportation, and other public facilities.In 2009, he transferred the rest of his assets into the foundation, and retired from its active management. Having been forced to quit school in his childhood, <mask> dedicated much of his resources to funding education. Since the 1980s, <mask> made donations to 93 universities, 166 secondary schools, 41 elementary schools, and 19 specialized schools and kindergartens. He also funded 1,800 libraries in rural schools, 29 hospitals, and 130 bridges and roads. There are schools bearing his name in every province, municipality, and autonomous region in China, and he has been honoured as the "Father of a hundred schools" (). He also sponsored schools in Taiwan, Singapore and the United States. <mask>'s businesses and foundation suffered massive losses during the 1997 Asian financial crisis.To help fund his foundation, in 2001 he sold his house in Kowloon Tong that he and his wife had lived in for 37 years, and rented a  apartment. He donated the entire proceeds of HK$56 million to more than 20 secondary

masks: Tin Tin Tin Tin Tin


texts:
 schools. It was seen as an "incredible" decision by Hong Kong media. Honours and awards
<mask> had received numerous honours and awards in Hong Kong, China, Taiwan, and Britain, for his contributions to public welfare. He was awarded the British Empire Medal in 1982, the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II in 1996, and the Grand Bauhinia Medal in 2010 by the Hong Kong government. Taiwanese President Lee Teng-hui presented him a Gold Plate on Contribution to Public Welfare in 1988. He was named the "Star of Education" by the Hong Kong Loving Hearts Campaign.In 1994, the Purple Mountain Observatory named the asteroid 2886 <mask>kaping after him. He was an honorary citizen of more than 80 cities and counties in China, and was awarded the honorary doctorate by more than 10 universities in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. <mask>'s former home, the Gong Chen Building located in Yintan Village, Gaopo Town, is now protected as a heritage site by the government of Dabu County. It has opened as a museum honouring <mask> <mask>. Personal life and death
<mask> was married to Fong Wai-ying. They had more than 20 children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. With the belief that it was "better to bequeath virtue rather than wealth to one's children", <mask> donated the vast majority of his assets to his charitable foundation.In 2013, when he was 94, <mask> was baptised and became a Christian. <mask> died on 10 July 2018 in Hong Kong, at the age of 98. References

External links
Tin Ka Ping Foundation

1919 births
2018 deaths
20th-century Chinese businesspeople
21st-century Chinese businesspeople
Businesspeople from Meizhou
Chief executives in the manufacturing industry
Chinese company founders
Chinese expatriates in Indonesia
Chinese philanthropists
Converts to Christianity
Hong Kong business executives
Hong Kong chief executives
Hong Kong Christians
Hong Kong people of Hakka descent
Hong Kong philanthropists
People from Dabu
20th-century philanthropists
Chinese emigrants

masks:
Tin
Tin
Tin
Tin Ka
Ping
Tin
Tin
Tin
Tin


texts:
<mask> (January 27, 1907 – October 13, 1997) was an American actress. Biography
<mask> was born in Lexington, Kentucky, the daughter of Henry and <mask>. (Despite frequent reports to the contrary, her name was not originally "Eleanor Hunt"; she had appeared in the film Good Sport (1931) with Hunt and this confusion in an early press article followed <mask> throughout her career.) After graduating high school she spent two years at the University of Tulsa, studying dramatics, art, music and dancing. She won a personality and beauty contest and spent two months in a film studio as an extra. <mask> first made a name for herself when she was named one of the WAMPAS Baby Stars in 1926 with Mary Brian, Dolores Costello, Joan Crawford, Dolores del Río, Janet Gaynor and Fay Wray. <mask> appeared in a long string of mostly B-movies from the 1920s through the 1950s.She was a comedy actress and protested at being stereotyped as a "dumb blonde". Among her over 200 films were Imitation of Life, Magnificent Obsession, The Awful Truth, Mildred Pierce, and The Best Years of Our Lives. A devout Christian, on her gravestone, just beneath her dates of birth and death, is written "Christian Actress". She died from natural causes, aged 90, and was buried in Forest Lawn Memorial Park in the Hollywood Hills. Awards
For her contributions to the motion picture industry, <mask> was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on the south side of the 7000 block of Hollywood Boulevard. Season 1 episode 7 "All Our Yesterdays" (uncredited)

References

Further reading

External links

The <mask> shrine

1907 births
1997 deaths
Actresses from Kentucky
American film actresses
American silent film actresses
Actors from Lexington, Kentucky
University of Tulsa alumni
Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)
Actresses from Los Angeles
20th-century American actresses
WAMPAS Baby Stars

masks:
Olivia Joyce Compton
Compton
Golden Compton
Compton
Compton
Compton
Compton
Joyce Compton


texts:
<mask> (born December 17, 1979) is an Albanian politician, who is currently serving as the 42nd Mayor of Tirana. Stemming from a civil society activism organization as the leader of MJAFT!, <mask> joined the ranks of the Socialist Party of Albania in 2011, when he was appointed Secretary for Youth and Immigration. Previously he has served as a Member of the Parliament for the district of Gjirokastër and as Minister of Social Welfare and Youth under Prime Minister Edi Rama. In April 2015, <mask> was appointed as mayoral candidate of the Socialist Party in the city of Tirana. He won the elections and took office on July 31, 2015. Personal life and education
<mask> was born on December 17, 1979, in Tirana, Albania. His father <mask> served as an officer in the Albanian Army, while his mother was an HR Manager in the military.He attended the Sami Frashëri High School in Tirana and then later Grand Valley State University in Allendale, Michigan where he graduated with a B.A. in political science. He received his master's degree in European Integration from the University of Sussex. Before returning to Albania, <mask> worked with several international humanitarian organizations in the Americas, Eastern Africa, and Kosovo. <mask> is from a Muslim family which first left Islam and later became an atheist. Getting in contact with missionaries from the United States, <mask> <mask> converted to Evangelicalism. His Mjaft organisation showed the controversial Muhammad cartoons on its pages.On April 30, 2017, as Mayor of Tirana, <mask> <mask> received “Doctor Honoris Causa” extended by the Grand Valley State University in the US for the contribution made in public services. He is married and has a son. Political career

MJAFT! Veliaj was one of the earliest activists of MJAFT!, a civic organization created in 2003 aimed at protesting social and political injustices in Albania. He soon became one of the central figures of MJAFT! due to his many TV appearances. <mask> was involved with MJAFT!until November 2007. Mjaft

masks:
Erion Veliaj
Veliaj
Veliaj
Erion Veliaj
Luan Veliaj
Veliaj
Veliaj
Erion
Veliaj
Erion
Veliaj
Veliaj


texts:
 organization showed the controversial Muhammad cartoons on its pages when <mask> was a leader of it. In 2004, ‘MJAFT!’ was granted the United Nations Award for Civil Society by Kofi Annan for its exemplary and highly efficient methods of protest. G99
In 2008, <mask> <mask> and a few other activists from MJAFT! created G99 (Group 99), a center-left political party. While initially unaligned, G99 ended up joining other political parties of the center-left coalition in the 2009 Parliamentary Election. <mask> <mask> ran as G99's leading candidate for the district of Tirana.Despite the media attention, <mask> <mask> and G99 only earned 0.86% of the vote, failing to win a seat in the Parliament. In 2011, <mask> leaves G99 and joins the Socialist Party of Albania. Socialist Party of Albania
In the Socialist Party, <mask> was nominated to serve as Secretary for Youth and Emigration. In 2013, he was nominated as a candidate for MP representing the district of Gjirokastër. The center-left coalition of political parties won the 2013 Parliamentary Election and <mask> was appointed to serve as Minister of Social Welfare and Youth in Edi Rama's new cabinet. He resigned in 2015 due to him being nominated as SPA's candidate for Mayor of Tirana. <mask> was elected Mayor of Tirana with 53.58% of the vote, defeating Democratic Party's candidate, Halim Kosova and the independent candidate, Gjergj Bojaxhi.Mayor of Tirana

Tirana Mayoral Election 2015
In April 2015, <mask> was appointed as mayoral candidate of the Socialist Party in the city of Tirana. The candidate representing the oppositional Democratic Party was Halim Kosova, a well-known gynecologist, serving as a Member of Parliament at the time. Other candidates were Gjergj Bojaxhi, a former Democratic politician, and Sazan Guri, an environmental activist. <mask> won the elections by a landslide and took office on July 31, 2015. Mayoral tenure
The issue of urban air pollution is a growing concern in Tirana, and the role of the car can be controversial. In

masks: Veliaj Erion Veliaj Erion Veliaj Erion Veliaj Veliaj Veliaj Veliaj Veliaj Veliaj Veliaj


texts:
 September 2015, Tirana organized its first vehicle-free day. In January 2017 the new Skanderbeg Square was inaugurated by <mask> and the Prime Minister.In July 2017 the Municipality of Tiranë voted to raise the water tariff significantly, <mask> promoted this action by arguing that it would eventually make drinking water available 24 hours a day, and help improve its access and quality. During his term as Mayor, he has earned the nickname "Lali Eri", which can be translated as "Big Brother Eri"

Notable projects of the Municipality of Tirana
 Reja (the cloud), a project from Sou Fujimoto. Plastic bags reduction project
 Skanderbeg Square - featured also as one of the installations at the 2017 Chicago Architecture Biennial. Pazari i Ri, in an urban renewal project, the "New Bazaar" neighbourhood was rebuilt. Criticism

The death of Ardit Gjoklaj
Ardit Gjoklaj, a 17-year-old boy died on 7 August 2016 working in very poor conditions in the landfill of Sharrë. His death became controversial because the company that managed the landfill of Sharrë "3R", was promoted publicly by <mask> himself as having good working conditions. Comments about Injured Police
On 27 November 2018, in a televised speech to the City Council, <mask> reacted to the developing story about a police officer who lost her fingers in clashes with protesters in Tirana, by saying "We are all men here.Would any of us have eyes to marry someone with no fingers?" Fake news accusation regarding alleged kidnapping of Griselda Roshi

In a 2011 email to EU representatives, <mask> briefed them on what he claimed was a politically motivated kidnapping of Kavaja's mayor's wife, Griselda Roshi, which allegedly led to a forced abortion. He related the kidnapping to the fact that Elvis Roshi had been able to flip a district such as Kavaja that traditionally voted for the DPA. The story was debunked after  Roshi revealed to Albanian authorities that she had made up her kidnapping and was not pregnant. In a 2011 meeting on human rights in Albania, MEP

masks: Veliaj Veliaj Veliaj Veliaj Veliaj


texts:
 Tanja Fajon used this debunked story as an illustrative example. She later apologized and claimed <mask> never updated her on this story. This controversy has raised serious concerns over <mask>'s using of fake news and personal connections to influence high-ranked EU officials.The demolition of the National Theatre
Amidst the protests against the construction of a new National Theatre building replacing the old National Theatre in Tirana, on 8 May 2020 the Albanian government transferred ownership of the land of the National Theatre to the Tirana Municipality through a special law. This law emphasized that the land must be used only for the construction of a new theatre building. After more than two years of consecutive protests for the protection of National theatre and after a dubious legal procedure, the building was demolished on Sunday 17 May 2020 by police bulldozers with heavy police presence  at 4:30 in the morning. This action which was took place during the emergency state in Albania due to COVID-19 pandemic. This decision drew the widespread condemnation from several local activists, opposition political parties and artists against the Municipality of Tirana and the Albanian government. Europa Nostra called the demolition of the theatre as illegal and against the rule of law. The Delegation of EU in Albania voiced their concern regarding the lack of dialogue between the authorities and activists before the demolition took place.References

External links
Portraits – Return to Europe: <mask> <mask>, Albania
The Albanian Renaissance Documentary

1979 births
Living people
Members of the Parliament of Albania
Government ministers of Albania
Youth ministers of Albania
Mayors of Tirana
Converts to evangelical Christianity
Albanian former Muslims
Converts to Protestantism from Islam
Albanian evangelicals
Former Muslims turned agnostics or atheists
Converts to Protestantism from atheism or agnosticism
Socialist Party of Albania politicians
Grand Valley State University alumni
Alumni of the

masks: Veliaj Veliaj Erion Veliaj


texts:
<mask> (born December 23, 1965) is an American guitarist and songwriter. He has been a member of major indie pop and punk bands, most notably Guided by Voices, Nada Surf, Bambi Kino, Death of Samantha, and Cobra Verde. Early life
<mask> was born in Sandusky, Ohio. His parents were from Colorado, where his father helped construct missile silos, and his mother was a teacher's aide. <mask> grew up on a farm in rural Northeast Ohio, in the town of  Huron, and attended schools in Elyria, Ohio. By age five, <mask> was writing songs, which he recorded on a reel-to-reel tape machine to be mailed by his family to his older sister who lived in Germany. <mask> moved to Cleveland after graduating high school.In 1984, he was briefly a non-student college radio DJ at Oberlin's WOBC, after which he was a DJ for six years at Cleveland State University's WCSB, concurrent with his musical career in the late 1980s. Musical groups
Beginning in high school, <mask> began performing with Ohio punk bands such as Suspect Device, Children's Crusade, and Starvation Army. He has also performed and/or recorded with Richard Buckner, Yuji Oniki, My Dad Is Dead, The Mice, Bill Fox, Fence Lions, Zest of Yore, Stewart Pack, The Oranges Band, Mascott, and Sally Crewe and The Sudden Moves. As a result of <mask>'s appearances on Guided by Voices' Suitcase and Suitcase 2 box sets, he is sometimes erroneously credited as a member of a variety of fictitious bands (e.g., Approval of Mice, Champion Hairpuller), due to Robert Pollard's creation of new imaginary band names for nearly every track of his compilations of outtakes and demos. Death of Samantha and Cobra Verde

In the 1980s, <mask> was a member of the Ohio-based band Death of Samantha, a "modernist pop troupe" led by John Petkovic. After the breakup of Death of Samantha, <mask> became one of the original members of John Petkovic's

masks:
Douglas Scott Gillard
Doug Gillard
Gillard
Gillard
Gillard
Gillard
Gillard
Gillard
Gillard


texts:
 1990s band Cobra Verde. Robert Pollard, who had been a fan of <mask>'s since his Death of Samantha days, asked Cobra Verde in 1996 to be his backing band for Guided by Voices' Mag Earwhig!LP. Guided by Voices

After joining forces with Guided by Voices as part of Cobra Verde, <mask> remained a member of Guided by Voices for about seven years, from 1997 to 2004, a period that encompassed six official LPs and numerous other releases. <mask>'s association with Pollard also resulted in three albums in collaboration as a duo: 1999's Speak Kindly of Your Volunteer Fire Department (credited to Robert Pollard and <mask>), and two albums credited to Lifeguards, Mist King Urth in 2003, and Waving at the Astronauts in 2011. On July 25, 2016, it was announced <mask> rejoined Guided by Voices. Gem

In the early 1990s, <mask> launched Gem, his own band, which also included bassist Tim Tobias (later of Guided by Voices). Gem's debut album, Hexed, was recorded in 1994 and released on Restless Records in 1995. The Cleveland Scene praised the group as a "velveteen rock combo," and the editor of Cleveland's Alternative Press cited Gem's song "Suburban Girl" as "one of the greatest things in the history of Cleveland rock."Trouser Press called Hexed a "tuneful rush of smart, catchy and simple rhythm guitar pop-rock – sort of grown-up Weezer without the anxious pretensions." According to Trouser Press, <mask>'s contributions stood out as "crafty," with "the woolly and weird chant of 'Sheep,' the bracing T. Rex borrowings of 'Your Heroes Hate You' and the countryfied pun of 'Only a Loan.'" In 2001, Gem reunited to release another album, Sunglare Serenades. Bambi Kino

 <mask> was one of the founding members of Bambi Kino, a band formed in anticipation of 2010's fiftieth anniversary of the first Beatles shows in Hamburg, Germany. The band also includes Nada Surf drummer Ira

masks:
Gillard
Gillard
Gillard
Doug Gillard
Gillard
Gillard
Gillard
Gillard


texts:
 Elliot, Mark Rozzo (guitarist for Maplewood and Champale) and Erik Paparazzi (bass player for Cat Power). The group covers songs from the formative 1960–1962 pre-celebrity era of The Beatles in Hamburg and at the Cavern Club. The band took its name from the Bambi Kino, a squalid movie theater in Hamburg where the Beatles lived in cramped storerooms.Working with Hamburg-based Tapete Records, the band debuted with a week of shows in August 2010 at the Indra Club in Hamburg, where the Beatles first played. In 2011, Tapete released the group's self-titled debut album. The record was praised by AllMusic's James Allen for its authentically "scrappy Merseybeat style," resulting in an album that "also happens to rock on its own merits." In an interview, Rozzo said, "We very consciously didn’t want to be a tribute band. We wanted to be ourselves, and in doing that we thought we were being truer to The Beatles." The group remains active. In May 2014, Bambi Kino played at a benefit concert at Brooklyn's Bell House as well as the White House Correspondents Jam, in Washington, DC, with Chuck Leavell.Nada Surf

In 2010, <mask> joined the band Nada Surf, which had been formed in 1992 by Matthew Caws and Daniel Lorca. The line-up of Caws, Lorca, drummer Ira Elliot, and <mask> appeared on Nada Surf's 2012 album The Stars Are Indifferent to Astronomy. Solo career
In a 2014 article, the music magazine Blurt quoted Death of Samantha's John Petkovic assessing <mask> as a solo artist. Petkovic contrasted <mask>'s consistent artistic openness since the 1980s with his limited name recognition:

<mask> has recorded three full-length albums as a solo artist, not including his early cassette releases. <mask>'s solo recording career technically began with two self-released cassettes, the four-song Cover Songs with Big Heads EP (1985), and a 1990 release of juvenilia recorded by

masks: Gillard Gillard Gillard Gillard Gillard Gillard


texts:
 <mask> at ages 5 to 9. In 1999, <mask>'s serious solo career began with the release of the five-song Malamute Jute EP. This was followed in 2004 by Salamander, his first solo full-length album made as an adult, and the 2008 album Call from Restricted.Parade On
Gillard's 2014 solo album, Parade On, was released on Nine Mile Records. Blurt wrote that Parade On blends hooks with layers of guitars in a display of diverse examples of "steady, riff-based rock," and the British music magazine Bearded wrote that <mask>'s "cup brims over with subtle gems," making Parade On a record "worthy of its own ecstatic praise." AllMusic's Mark Deming called Parade On an eclectic and superbly crafted album of "guitar-fueled rock & roll with an extra portion of pop hooks" and lyrics in "various degrees of bittersweet snark." Deming praised <mask> as a gifted songwriter, guitarist, producer, and arranger, whose multi-instrumental performances included layers of strong lead and rhythm guitar work melding with "tough yet flexible" bass, in the service of songs ranging from "sparkly jangle" to "sweet but aggressive" hard-rocking power pop. In April 2014, a music video by filmmaker Mike Postalakis was officially released for the album track "Ready for Death." Other projects
Gillard produced indie band Eternal Summers' third album, The Drop Beneath. He has scored several independent films, including the comedy short film Creative Process 473 (2002), and American Cannibal (2006).In 2014, <mask> recorded a version of Scott Miller's song "Dripping with Looks," which originally appeared on the 1987 Game Theory album Lolita Nation. <mask>'s version, released as a music video in May 2014, was expected to appear on a Scott Miller memorial tribute album. The song "Say Goodbye", with <mask> on guitar and lead vocals, and Peter Buck on mandolin, appears on the posthumous Game Theory

masks: Gillard Gillard Gillard Gillard Gillard Gillard Gillard


texts:
 album Supercalifragile (2017). <mask> shares songwriting credit for Miller's previously unfinished song, which Gillard completed. <mask> presently lives in New York City and continues to perform solo and as a member of Guided by Voices, Nada Surf and other bands. Partial discography

Solo releases

Albums and EPs
 Cover Songs with Big Heads EP (1985)self-released cassette – sold mail order by Scat Records
 It'll Be Such a Thrill (1990)self-released cassette – sold mail order by Scat Records, contains songs recorded by Gillard at ages 5 to 9
 Malamute Jute EP (1999) (Cushion Records)
 Creative Process 473 (2003)contains 10 songs for motion picture soundtrack, plus 3 bonus original songs not on soundtrack
 Salamander (2004) (Pink Frost)distributed by Redeye Distribution, Inc. Call from Restricted (2008) (347 Records)2008 digital release, 2009 physical CD – contains 11 songs recorded in Tennessee, North Carolina, and Brooklyn, NY
 Parade On (2014) (Nine Mile Records)contains 11 songs recorded in New York, NY and Austin, Texas

Singles
 "Breaking in Two" b/w "So Much More" 7" (2011) (347 Records)

Videography
 "Ready for Death" (April 2014)
 "Dripping with Looks" (May 2014)

Collaborations with Robert Pollard

Albums
 Speak Kindly of Your Volunteer Fire Department (1999) – as Robert Pollard with <mask> Gillard
 Mist King Urth (2003) – as Lifeguards
 Waving at the Astronauts (2011) – as Lifeguards
 Starting Point of the Royal Cyclopean (2016) - as ESP Ohio

Singles
 "Product Head" b/w "Naught Windsor" 7" (2011) (Serious Business Records)

References

External links

 <mask> Gillard on Bandcamp

Living people
Musicians from Cleveland
1965 births
American rock guitarists
American male guitarists
Guided by Voices members
American alternative rock musicians
Guitarists from Ohio
20th-century American guitarists
Nada Surf members
20th-century American male

masks: Gillard Gillard Doug Doug


texts:
was a prominent Japanese master of judo, aikido, and kendo. He introduced aikido to the United Kingdom in 1955, and founded the Kyushindo system. Abbe was a graduate of the Budo Senmon Gakko, having studied judo and kendo there. Following an illustrious early career in the martial arts, he served in the Imperial Japanese Army before and during World War II. He then trained in aikido under its founder, Morihei Ueshiba, for a decade. Abbe held dan ranks in several martial arts, most notably 8th dan in judo, 6th dan in aikido, and 6th dan in kendo. After introducing aikido to the UK, he established several Japanese martial arts councils there during the late 1950s.He returned to Japan in 1964 and remained there for most of the remainder of his life. There are contradictory accounts of Abbe's final years, but it appears that he was in poor spirits and poor health towards the end. Early life
Abbe was born on 15 December 1915 in a village in Tokushima Prefecture, on the island of Shikoku, Japan. He was the son of Toshizo <mask>, who was the local school's headmaster and a kendo instructor, and his wife, Kote Abbe. The couple had four sons and five daughters, and Abbe was the youngest child in the family. On 4 September 1919, when Abbe was not yet four years old, his father drowned in a flash flood while training in the mountains. A young schoolteacher, Manpei Hino, subsequently became a father figure for the young boy and introduced him to the martial arts, including sumo.Abbe went on to become a local school champion in sumo. In 1929, Abbe began learning


texts:
 judo from Kazohira Nakamoto, a former police officer. That same year, he was promoted to the rank of 1st dan in the art and, unusually, he reached 2nd dan the next year, and 3rd dan the year after that. Thus, at the age of 16, he became the youngest judo student ever promoted to 3rd dan—an honour he received directly from Shohei Hamano, an instructor of the Dai Nippon Butoku Kai (abbreviated to 'Butoku Kai' or 'Butokukwai'), which was the official governing body for Japanese martial arts. Abbe also became champion of the Tokushima High School Judo League that year. During his fifth year at the school, Abbe entered a regional tournament involving 30 towns, serving as captain for the team from the town of Kawashima. His speed and agility helped him to many victories, and he received the nickname 'Pegasus' accordingly.At his 1st dan judo examination, Abbe had caught the attention of Shotaro Tobata from the Butoku Kai, who had been refereeing at the event. Tobata had suggested to Nakamoto and Abbe that the young man should apply for entry to the renowned Budo Senmon Gakko (abbreviated to 'Busen,' and sometimes referred to as 'Busen College'), a specialist college for martial artists. With the additional help of a teacher named Nakano, Abbe now prepared for the entrance examination in Kyoto. Out of all the candidates, of which there were around 300 that year, 20 would be accepted into the judo programme and 20 into the kendo programme. Abbe performed well and was accepted into both programmes. Budo Senmon Gakko training

In 1934, Abbe moved to Kyoto with


texts: his mother and his sister Toyoka so that he could attend Busen, training in both the judo and kendo programmes. Abbe learned kendo under the direction of Busen's head sword instructor, Kinnosuke Ogawa, a master who held the rank of 10th dan.He recalled that his instructor, at the age of 75 years, was so skilled that he could not be touched by any of the students or younger instructors. Every Saturday afternoon at Busen, following tradition, judo tournaments were held. <mask> fought five opponents in succession with each contest lasting five minutes, and he won all or almost all of these matches. In his first year at Busen, he was promoted to 4th dan in judo. In the autumn of his second year there, he was promoted to 5th dan, by which time he was reported to have been fighting 20 opponents in succession. In May 1935, <mask> competed in the 5th dan division championship and defeated Masahiko Kimura. This match was one of only four professional career losses for Kimura, who was already well known as one of the best judo competitors in Japan, and would later gain further fame for defeating Hélio Gracie of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.According to biographers Keith Morgan and Henry Ellis, Kimura was heard to remark after the match that fighting Abbe was "like fighting a shadow." Abbe was listed at 5' 5" (168 cm) in height and 156 lb. (71 kg) in weight at the time; Kimura was only an inch taller, but much heavier at 187 lb. (85 kg). Two years later, during which time Kimura trained hard, he sought Abbe out at the Kodokan and soundly defeated him in a 20-minute

masks: Abbe Abbe


texts:
 practice session. While at Busen, Abbe also enrolled in Hajime Tanabe's philosophy class at Kyoto University (then known as Kyoto Teikoku Daigaku, or 'Kyoto Imperial University'). During this period, his sister Toyoko began studying Tendō-ryū naginata under a female instructor named Mitamura Chiyo (in Japan, arts focusing on the handling of naginata have been practiced almost exclusively by women since the Edo period), and she would continue practicing that art for the rest of her life.Following graduation from Busen, Abbe became an instructor in judo at the college, as well as taking instructor positions with the Osaka police force and a high school in Kyoto. The Butoku Kai promoted him to 6th dan in judo in 1937. Military service
In June 1937, Abbe enlisted in the Imperial Japanese Army, and was subsequently posted to a garrison in Manchuria. He served there for four years, during which time he was unable to continue training in judo but was able to practise kendo. While abroad, he began formulating his Kyushindo philosophy. His tour of duty ended in 1941, and he returned to Kyoto, where he met and married his wife Keiko. Abbe did not remain a civilian for long, however, since Japan entered World War II near the end of that year.Abbe was assigned to a training unit in Tokushima Prefecture, where he studied and mastered jūkendō (bayonet). It was around this time that he first met Morihei Ueshiba, founder of aikido, who had also trained in jūkendō. Ueshiba was around 60 years old at this time, around twice Abbe's age. Rogers, Ellis, and Eastman (2004)


texts:
 give the following account of their first meeting:

It was during a train journey in Japan that Abbe first met Ueshiba. Abbe didn't know who he was and he reacted to Ueshiba looking at him, saying: "What are you staring at, old man?" Ueshiba replied: "I know who you are," to which Abbe modestly retorted: "Everyone knows me, I am <mask> <mask>, Champion of All Japan." Ueshiba then introduced himself as the Founder of Aikido, and was told by Abbe that he didn't look strong enough to be a martial arts master.Ueshiba then offered Abbe his little finger, and said: "But young man, you look very strong indeed. Please break my finger." Abbe at first declined, but eventually accepted the challenge, presumably to shut the old man up. Abbe claimed that, as he took hold of the old man's finger and tried to break it, he found himself on the floor of the carriage and totally immobilised. Whilst on the floor Abbe asked Ueshiba for permission to study under him. Morgan and Ellis (2006) give a slightly different account:

While travelling on a train Abbe noticed an older man staring at him who then asked if he was a 5th Dan Judo. Abbe replied “Why yes, how did you know that?” “Because you have the build of a 5th Dan.So who are you?“ <mask> replied: “Everyone knows who I am, I am <mask> Abbe, Judo champion of all Japan! “ Yes, I can see that,“ the old man replied. The old man continued to talk to Kenshiro much to his annoyance as he wanted to get some sleep. Eventually, the old man put a finger in <mask>’s face, “You are so powerful, break my finger!” Kenshiro was only

masks: Kenshiro Abbe Kenshiro Kenshiro Kenshiro


texts:
 too happy to oblige. He took the finger, expecting to snap it like a twig, and wham! He found himself on the carriage floor under the full control of the old man. The old man allowed Kenshiro to get back into his seat.“Who are you?” <mask> <mask> asked. “I am Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido.” <mask> <mask> was astounded at the technique of the old man and requested that he become his student. Abbe studied aikido under Ueshiba for 10 years, eventually reaching the rank of 6th dan in that art. During this period, the Abbes had two daughters: Junko and Noriko. In 1945, the Butoku Kai promoted Abbe to 7th dan in judo and 6th dan in kendo. Following the end of World War II, however, the Butoku Kai and Busen were both closed down. Abbe took up the position of a judo teacher for the Kyoto Prefectural Police Department.He became Chief Instructor of judo for the Kyoto police, and also taught at Doshisha University in that city. After the Abbes had a third daughter, Yayoi, Abbe resigned from the Kyoto police. During this period, he felt that judo in Japan was declining, and ended his association with the Kodokan in the 1950s. Europe

In 1955, Abbe travelled to the United Kingdom. He went at the invitation of the London Judo Society (LJS), and was the first master to teach aikido in the UK. That year, he demonstrated aikido at the LJS and at the Royal Albert Hall in London. Abbe came to experience two problems at the LJS: first, he felt that the students there were more concerned with competition than his theories, and second, he felt that the students

masks: Kenshiro Abbe Kenshiro Abbe


texts:
 did not treat him with the appropriate respect for someone of his rank and experience in the martial arts.According to the International Budo Council (IBC), he founded the IBC in 1955. Abbe proceeded to teach aikido at his own dojo (training hall), affectionately known as 'The Hut,' which was located behind a pub in Hillingdon, London. Training was rigorous and, due to Abbe's poor command of English, he would often make corrections by using a shinai (practice sword) to hit the body part that was out of place; Ellis recalled that Abbe would say, "My English is poor but my shinai speaks fluently." Abbe's approach to self-defence matched his no-nonsense approach to training, and was demonstrated when three youths tried to rob him one evening. Geoff Thomson (1998) wrote:

He was walking down a quiet suburban street on his way home after his usual evening teaching session. He noticed three youths hovering several yards away on the opposite side of the street. When they approached him he was ready."Give us your money, or you'll get hurt" said the leader of the three. <mask> looked at each one in turn, then casually took his wallet out of his jacket pocket, throwing it on the floor between himself and the antagonists. He pointed to the wallet and said, "I am prepared to die for that wallet, what about you?" The three would-be attackers looked at the wallet on the floor, then at <mask> and then at each other and then moved away. Abbe picked up his wallet and calmly walked home. Speaking about the incident, Ellis said, "Not a lot of love and harmony from Abbe


texts: sensei, simply an attitude and language these thugs understood." In 1958, Abbe founded the British Judo Council (BJC), and he went on to establish the British Aikido Council, British Karate Council, British Kendo Council, and British Kyudo Council.At this stage, he was travelling extensively through the UK and Europe, and also invited Japanese martial art masters to teach in the UK; these included Mitsusuke Harada (Shotokan karate) and Tadashi Abe (aikido). During this period, <mask>'s family remained in Japan. Robinson (2007) wrote, "[he] did invite his family to live with him in London however they refused, apparently not at all attracted by the life style that Kenshiro offered them in England." Abbe was involved in a car accident in 1960 which left him with severe neck injuries that had lasting effects on his health. While the precise date is unclear, Abbe had been promoted to 8th dan by late 1960. Independent sources from the late 1960s include this rank with his name. In addition to his ranks in judo, aikido, and kendo, he held the rank of 5th dan in karate and dan ranks in kyūdō and jūkendō.British professional wrestler Peter Thornley, best known as the original masked version of Kendo Nagasaki, has reported that in the early 1960s Abbe trained him in judo and kendo and that the samurai sword he used in character as Nagasaki was a personal gift from Abbe. In 1964, Abbe returned to Japan for the Summer Olympics in Tokyo. While in his homeland, he met with Ueshiba, updated him on the progress of aikido in the UK, and asked him to send another


texts:
 instructor to the UK to continue teaching the art. In 1966, Ueshiba sent Kazuo (T. K.) Chiba to the UK to continue the work Abbe had begun. Henry O'Tani (2009) has stated that during Abbe's absence from the UK, a dismissed BJC senior executive and several senior instructors misappropriated his financial and organisational resources and set up their own BJC group. In 1969, Abbe returned to the UK, but was distraught by the situation with this group that he had not authorised. When he asked former colleagues to help him rebuild the organisation, they refused; he subsequently left the UK, never to return.Later life
There are contradictory accounts of Abbe's last years in Japan. Morgan and Ellis (2006) state that he lived with his family for the remainder of his life, while Cavalcanti (2004) and Bagot (2007) claim that there were problems and that he ended up living apart from his family. Sources appear to agree, however, that Abbe was in poor spirits and poor health towards the end of his life. He suffered a stroke on 17 November 1985, and was hospitalised. Abbe died on 1 December 1985 in Japan. According to at least two sources, he had chosen to donate his body for medical education at Saitama University, so it was not immediately laid to rest. Abbe's funeral was held on 10 June 1986 at Zuiganji Temple, located south of Mount Bizan in Tokushima, and he was buried or commemorated at the family grave there.Robinson (2007) wrote, "<mask> was the master who introduced Kendo, Aikido, Karate, Kyodo, Jukendo, Iaido, Yarido and Naginatado to Europe yet he died


texts:
 almost totally alone and forgotten by most." See also
 Gunji Koizumi
 List of aikidoka
 List of judoka

Notes

a. The Japanese surname "Abbe" is more typically written in English as "Abe." With regard to <mask> <mask>, however, he himself and most sources use "Abbe." Most sources give 1915 and 1985 as Abbe's years of birth and death, but some sources give slightly different years (e.g., born in 1916 or died in 1989). b. Translation of Japanese names into English is not always consistent; where more than one English version exists, this article uses the more common version, if known.'c.' Differing accounts exist regarding the organisations that Abbe founded. The people involved, the roles of these people, and the years of establishment vary depending on the source. d.  The British Judo Council's founding year is most commonly given as 1958, which includes a BJC source, but other sources have given 1956 or 1969. Some sources mention <mask> alone in the founding role, while others also mention Masutaro Otani or Bill Woods. At least two sources indicate that Otani founded his own judo school and that this organisation and the BJC merged in 1970.

e.  According to different sources, Abbe returned to the UK in either 1969 or 1967. References

External links
 British Judo Council
 International Budo Council
 Kenshiro Abbe Sensei Tribute Website
 Kodokan Judo Institute

1915 births
1985 deaths
Japanese aikidoka
Japanese male judoka
Japanese male karateka
Japanese kendoka
Imperial Japanese Army personnel of World War II
Judoka trainers
People from Tokushima

masks: Kenshiro Abbe Abbe


texts:
<mask> (born in 1943) is a former German judge. He was the presiding judge of the 7th Chamber of the criminal division of the Nuremberg-Fürth District Court, Germany. <mask> became publicly known as part of the chamber that sentenced the justice victim Gustl Mollath to a forensic hospital, where he spent more than seven years. In 2011, research by journalists raised doubts about the allegations against Mollath and the procedure. In 2014, in a retrial of the case, the Regensburg regional court determined that the conditions for confinement of the accused were not satisfied. Life and career
In the 1950s and 1960s, <mask>'s parents operated a restaurant in Herrenberg. As a teenager, <mask> was athletic and had a talent for handball.<mask> was an active handball player in the 1. FC Nuremberg club, and the TSV 1860 Ansbach as well as the TSV 1891 Frauenaurach. For many years, he also coached the women's handball team of the 1. FC Nürnberg. <mask> was also the coach of the Bavarian Handball C youth until 1991. After military service in the Bundeswehr, <mask> studied law. On 1 April 1973, he applied as a prosecuting attorney in the Bavarian judicial service.In his three years as a prosecutor, he was considered meticulous and, in his first official assessment, to have been "born" for this job. In 1976, <mask> became a judge at the Erlangen district court in criminal and civil cases. In October 1987, <mask> changed to the Nuremberg-Fürth district court, also working in criminal and civil matters. In July 1998, after his appointment as chairman of the Nuremberg-Fürth district court, <mask> took over the chairmanship of the 6th Chamber of the criminal division,

masks:
Otto Brixner
Brixner
Otto Brixner
Brixner
Brixner
Brixner
Brixner
Brixner
Brixner
Brixner


texts:
 primarily judging invocations of drug related matters. Most recently, he was chairing the 7th Chamber of the criminal court, responsible for drug and general criminal matters in the first instance. Brixner never made use of communication in criminal proceedings (a so-called "deal on penalty"). On the other hand, <mask> demanded in interviews with legislators to abolish life imprisonment and introduce temporary sentences of up to 40 years instead.<mask> retired by the end of June 2008. He was married to Christa <mask>, born Hofbauer (1946-2013). The couple had two children and four grandchildren. <mask> lives in Herzogenaurach. He is a lieutenant colonel in the reserve. Trial of Gustl Mollath and allegations against Brixner

In September 2003, Gustl Mollath was accused of aggravated assault and false imprisonment to the detriment of his then-wife in a criminal case before the Nuremberg District Court. Since this court considered an accommodation possible, it sent the case to the Nuremberg-Fürth Regional Court.Under the chairmanship of Brixner, the Nuremberg-Fürth Regional Court in August 2006 pronounced Mollath not guilty by reason of insanity, stating that, while the deeds were proven, the "lack of control capability [...] according to § 20 StGB [...] could not be ruled out". Instead of punishment, Mollath was confined to forensic treatment in a closed psychiatric facility, as, according to the court, he continued to be a threat to society. Mollath had, in the opinion of the court, a "paranoid thought system ". This was partly due to the conviction that his former wife, as an employee of the HypoVereinsbank, was involved in a complex system of money

masks: Brixner Brixner Brixner Brixner


texts:
 laundering. An internal audit report of the HypoVereinsbank from 2003 supports much of Mollath's money laundering allegations. However, this report had been kept secret by the bank for many years, so that it was not known to the district court of Nuremberg-Fürth in its ruling in 2006. In November 2012, the content of the audit report became public.The report stated that all of Mollath's verifiable allegations were accurate. Mollath's lawyer, Gerhard Strate, successfully applied for a retrial in August 2013. The district court of Regensburg finally came to the conclusion that the prerequisites for Mollath's confinement to psychiatry were not met. These events resulted in a committee of inquiry in the Bavarian state parliament and public debate. Also, the presiding judge, <mask>, was publicly accused. Jurors and witnesses reported that Brixner acted uncontrollably during the trial and interrupted Mollath whenever he began to talk about the money laundering. Trial
<mask> presided at Mollath's trial in 2006.Juror Karl-Heinz Westenrieder said in a TV interview that Brixner had loudly interrupted Mollath and threatened to ban him from the courtroom whenever he mentioned tax evasion or money laundering. A listener during the trial described Brixner as very uncontrolled and angry. Brixner reportedly shouted at Mollath for eight hours without interruption and spoke in a very harsh tone. Possible bias
Brixner was accused of partiality as a result of media research. In mid-April 2013, <mask> reportedly confirmed that Martin Maske, the future husband of Mollath's former wife Petra, was already dating her during the 2006 criminal trial. In 1980, <mask> was


texts:
 Maske's handball coach. Brixner allegedly kept this secret during the entire criminal proceedings.According to a subsequent written statement before the committee of inquiry in the Bavarian Parliament by a now retired associate judge in the trial of Mollath in 2006, Maske and Mollath's former wife Petra met and talked with Brixner during the Mollath trial. This contradicts Maske's statement that he had no contact with Brixner since the early 1980s. On 5 July 2013, Brixner acknowledged that a meeting with Maske might have taken place during the criminal proceedings in 2006. Denial of the right to be heard / falsification of the facts
In his application for reactivating the case, Mollath's later lawyer, Gerhard Strate, alleged among other things that Brixner had determined the makeup of the court himself, refrained from hearing the accused, and willfully falsified the facts of the case using the documentation available to him. <mask> was also repeatedly criticized for never taking note of the 106-page binder provided by Mollath and containing what he claimed to be exculpatory evidence. The outrage against Brixner was ignited by the fact that it is the fundamental obligation of all German courts to take full note of the case of the parties. This arises from the fundamental right to be heard (Art.103 Para. 1, Basic Law). Influence on the Ministry of Finance
In the run-up to the criminal proceedings, in a telephone conversation with the Ministry of Finance, <mask> allegedly halted the investigation by the tax authorities of Mollath's allegations concerning money laundering. References

1943 births
Living people
German judges
Jurists from

masks: Brixner Brixner


texts:
<mask> (born John Paul Lawler; 4 March 1979) is a Scottish musician and songwriter best known for his work with the band The Fratellis. Alongside his work with The Fratellis, Lawler has played in a band called Codeine Velvet Club and as a solo artist. Early years
Lawler hails from Cumbernauld, but later moved to Glasgow. He attended St. Maurice's High School  and went to college before dropping out within three hours. Before joining the Fratellis, he played in various bands including an Oasis and Blur covers band. Bands

The Fratellis (2005–2009; 2012–present)

In 2005, Lawler responded to an advert placed in a music shop by drummer Gordon McRory, which stated "Opportunity of a lifetime ... seeks band to make our mark on the music industry". On this advert he put his name as "Graeme" to avoid detection of his then current bandmates finding out he was seeking a new band.After calling the number, asking for "Graeme" he got told repeatedly that he had the wrong number, he nearly gave up but tried one more time and got a hold of McRory and the band started to form, with Barry Wallace joining the band on bass. Lawler's role in the band is songwriter, lead vocalist and lead guitarist. He was initially accompanied on guitar by Mince <mask> (Gordon McRory), but Mince switched to drums after the initial drummer did not work out. Writing credits for Costello Music are for The Fratellis, however, for Here We Stand and We Need Medicine, they are solely credited to him. After playing the Coachella Festival in California in 2007, during promotion of Fratellis' debut album Costello Music, Lawler decided to flee from the US

masks:
Jon Fratelli
Fratelli


texts:
 tour and return to Glasgow, stating that he was too tired to continue the rest of the tour. He later saw this as a mistake, but it allowed him to be even more grateful for the success of the band. The band spent much of 2008 touring and after playing a few dates in 2009, the band parted ways for the foreseeable future.During this time, <mask> started and finished Codeine Velvet Club and a stint as a solo artist. On 4 June 2012, The Fratellis announced they had reformed to raise money for The Eilidh Brown Memorial Fund on 15 June 2012, marking nearly 3 years since they last shared a stage together. After a couple of initial gigs, to see how playing together again felt and to test audience interest, the band have continued to play together, recording albums and touring since. They've released We Need Medicine (2013), Eyes Wide, Tongue Tied (2015), In Your Own Sweet Time (2018) and will be releasing Half Drunk Under a Full Moon in 2021, which had been delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Codeine Velvet Club (2009–2010)

During the promotion of Here We Stand, Lawler stated that he wished to create a solo album to keep himself busy once the band were done touring the album, with the band scheduled to take a break. It later emerged that he planned on teaming up with singer-songwriter Lou Hickey, whom he met through her friendship with Lawler's wife, and creating an album. NME reported in an article that the band was set to be called Codeine Breakfast Club; however, on 23 August 2009, it was confirmed that the band had changed its name to Codeine Velvet Club.While playing in this band Lawler reverted to using his


texts:
 proper surname. The band's debut album was to be released on 16 November 2009 (however, this was later pushed back to 28 December 2009). Lawler shares songwriting duties with Hickey for about half the tracks on the album, penning the other half by himself (one track, "Nevada" was co-written by Lawler and Will Foster). The duo took a live band (consisting of Ross MacFarlane on drums, Will Foster on keys and guitar, Lewis Gordon on bass and various horn players known as 'The Velvet Horns') for a tour of the UK in 2009 and the US in 2010, playing UK dates in 2010 also. However, Lawler decided that he could not commit to the band anymore and called an end to the band, finishing off what live dates they had and announcing his solo career, with Hickey returning to her solo career also. Solo career
Lawler started hinting at a solo career when he set up a new MySpace page, with the track "Bonnie & Clyde" streaming on it. It was also noted that he began using the name <mask>lli again.While discussing the end of Codeine Velvet Club, Lawler confirmed his intentions of going solo, taking the backing musicians with him due to them playing well together. Since announcing he is going solo, Lawler has given away some tracks in demo form, including "Dead Street Affair", "She's My Shaker" and "Sometimes You Just Can't Win". For live shows in 2011, Lawler announced that Mince <mask> would be joining him on the tour, sharing drumming duties with Allan James. Psycho Jukebox (2010–2011)

Lawler played some solo shows before heading to Los Angeles in late 2010 to record his debut solo album, Psycho Jukebox with Tony Hoffer, who

masks:
Jon Frate
Fratelli


texts:
 produced the first Fratellis' album. The title is a reference to the Fratellis' song "Nina", which is featured on the "Whistle for the Choir" single. During February 2011, Lawler released a free track via his website called "Rhythm Doesn't Make You a Dancer" which was to be on the album, and also gave away a free EP called The Magic Hour EP. Lawler stated that these songs couldn't fit on the album but he "still had a lot of time for them".The first single from the album was "Santo Domingo" which was released on 28 February 2011. The second single, "Baby We're Refugees! ", was released on 12 June 2011. Backing band
 Lewis Gordon - Bass / backing vocals
 Will Foster - Keyboards / guitar
 Allan James - Drums
 Mince <mask> - Drums / backing vocals / guitar
After embarking on a Scottish tour in March/April 2011, Lawler added two new tracks to Psycho Jukebox, which pushed its release date back to late July 2011. He stated in a live podcast that he was no longer able to add any more tracks to the album, owing to the label's schedule, but added that they were worth adding to the album. Bright Night Flowers (2011–2012; 2017–2019)

Pictures were posted onto Lawler's Facebook page, showing him in the studio with his band. Lawler used his Twitter account to inform people that he was in the studio, but didn't say what these sessions were for.It eventually emerged on 13 January 2012 that it was for a second solo album, as posted on Lawler's website. The post also gave a small 3 track peek at the album, the last song in the preview being "Dead Radio", a song that Lawler tried to add to Psycho Jukebox but the label had


texts: already locked down the release dates and track listing. On 24 February 2012, Lawler announced on his website and Facebook that he had almost completed the album and that it was going to be titled Bright Night Flowers. He asked that his fans record sounds of their city during the morning and night so that they could be used on the album, and whoever helped would be mentioned on the album sleeve. It was later announced that he had completed the album, but it would be put to one side for the time being as he was recording a new album and focusing on with the Fratellis. In the intervening years, when asked about it while promoting records by the Fratellis, <mask> normally had this to say about it: "I actually made another record that will probably never see the light of day. I’m really happy with it, but as soon as I finished it I stuck it in a drawer and said: 'Right, no one else is ever going to hear that'.It's quite perverse to not release it, but I like that. I was only making it for me. It just needed to be done. I listen to it every so often and really enjoy it – I don't want to spoil that." In a March 2018 interview with Wired Noise, <mask> revealed that he had re-recorded Bright Night Flowers and had possibly changed his stance on releasing it. "Yeah, I did that over the summer. [It] still needs to be mixed, and then I guess at some point, if somebody wants to release it, it’ll find its way out there."During October 2018, fans had noticed that his own website had been changed to a "Coming Soon" holding page. The Fratellis tweeted out on 23 October 2018 with a reactivated account for <mask>, with a date

masks:
Jon
Jon
Jon Fratelli


texts:
 of 30 October, hinting to an announcement of Bright Night Flowers is coming soon. On 30 October it was announced that Bright Night Flowers would release on 15 February 2019. <mask> also released the album's title track & accompanying video. Equipment
For The Fratellis' debut album, Costello Music, Lawler mainly used a Fender Telecaster, with the exception of a few songs in which he used a Gibson Les Paul and a Gibson ES-335. With their second album Here We Stand, he used a Fender Telecaster, Fender Stratocaster, Gibson Firebird, Rickenbacker 12 string, Gibson Les Paul, and an ES-335 for his electrics. For the acoustic performances, he used a Gibson SJ-200, a Gibson Hummingbird, and a Gibson J-45.During promotional performances of the album, Lawler was mainly using a Gibson Les Paul Black Beauty with Bareknuckle Mississippi Queen pickups (humbucker sized P-90's)

While playing on live performances with Codeine Velvet Club, he tended to use a red Fender Stratocaster and a rosewood Fender Telecaster. During his solo career and his third run with the Fratellis, his preferred guitars were still Stratocasters and Telecasters. For the Fratellis' tour he exclusively used a red Telecaster. Personal life
Lawler resides in Glasgow's West End with his wife, Heather Donnelly. Donnelly's burlesque name was used as the title and inspiration for the Fratellis' hit single, "Chelsea Dagger", a play on Britney Spears. Lawler has a son named Jamie, born in 1997 to a girl he was seeing when he was 18. Lawler is also an avid supporter of Celtic F.C.Discography

With The Fratellis

Costello Music (2006)
Here We Stand (2008)
We


texts:
 Need Medicine (2013)
Eyes Wide, Tongue Tied (2015)
In Your Own Sweet Time (2018)
Half Drunk Under a Full Moon (2020)

Solo and others
Codeine Velvet Club, Codeine Velvet Club (2010)
Psycho Jukebox, solo (2011)
Bright Night Flowers, solo (2019)

References

Scottish rock musicians
1979 births
Living people
21st-century Scottish male singers
People from Cumbernauld
Scottish people of Italian descent

it:John


texts:
<mask> is a scientist and professor of physics at the Faculty of Natural Science, Imperial College London. <mask> is presently serving as one of the lead scientists on the CMS experiment at CERN’s LHC, the Principal Investigator of the Atom Interferometer Observatory and Network (AION) and also one of the lead authors at Atomic Experiment for Dark Matter and Gravity Exploration in Space (AEDGE). Previously he has been associated with ALPEH experiment at CERN’s LEP collider and the BaBar experiment at SLAC. <mask> was among the group of scientists responsible for the discovery of Higgs Boson particle at the LHC, CERN and later in the scientific exploration to find the traces of dark matter through the LHC. Biography
Following support from the Landesgraduiertenförderung, Baden-Württemberg (Scholarship) and Graduiertenkolleg Heidelberg (Scholarship), Buchmueller received his doctorate from Heidelberg University in 1999. From 1999 to 2001 he was a CERN fellow at the ALEPH Experiment studying properties of the Z and W Bosons and in 2001 he joined SLAC as a research associate to work on the BABAR experiment. He returned to CERN in 2004 as research staff member of the organization making important contributions to the construction, commissioning, and physics exploitation of the CMS experiment.He has been associated with Imperial College of London since 2009 as a professor. CMS Experimentation at CERN
Buchmueller joined Compact Muon Solenoid experiment at CERN in 2003. During 2004-2005 he served as the convener of the Tracker alignment group. During 2005-2007 he has been the co-convenor of Calibration and Alignment group. In 2007, he initiated The MasterCode Project along with theoreticians and other scientists with the aim to interpret the data related to LHC results in better fashion. In 2008-2009 he was in charge of the Physics group as co-leader and taking care of researches regarding supersymmetry (SUSY) and later he became the member of the Physics Management Office. He was the chair of CMS analysis review committee while examining the data

masks:
Oliver Buchmueller
Buchmueller
Buchmueller


texts:
 analysis for developing and overseeing the scientific validity of the key ‘diphoton’ discovery and subsequent characterization channel.In September 2016, <mask> was nominated as the convener of the EXOTICA search group in CMS. He is presently serving as the editor of Supersymmetry (SUSY) related topics at Particle Physics Data Group. AION
Buchmueller is presently serving as the Principal Investigator of The Atom Interferometer Observatory and Network (AION) where he was appointed in 2018. AION is an inter-university collaborative effort involving King's College London, the University of Liverpool, the University of Oxford, University of Birmingham, the University of Cambridge and STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory while being led by Imperial College of London. The aim of the project is the exploration of the dark matter and gravitational waves and to ascertain viable options for applying and implementing quantum technology in commercial domain. As Buchmueller said, the AION is designed to "harness cold atom technologies" in order to explore fundamental concerns of fundamental physics, astrophysics and cosmology. The project received £7.2m funding from UK Research and Innovation and £2.5m for the involved institutions in January 2021 for developing the first large-scale atom interferometer in the UK.Notable works and Publications
 Bertoldi, A., Bongs, K., Bouyer, P. et al. AEDGE: Atomic experiment for dark matter and gravity exploration in space. Exp Astron (2021). Big Bang & Black Holes. N.p. : CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2010. Supersymmetry After the Higgs Discovery.Germany: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. Proceedings of the Sixth Alexander Friedmann International Seminar on Gravitation and Cosmology: Cargèse, France, 28 June-3 July 2004. Singapore: World Scientific, 2005. References

External links
 <mask> at INSPIRE-HEP
 Imperial College of London Faculty Profile
 LHC Physics Centre Profile
 <mask> at ResearchGate

Living people
Particle physicists
People associated with CERN
Year of birth missing (living

masks:
Buchmueller
Oliver Buchmueller
Oliver Buchmueller


texts:
<mask> (February 9, 1905 – July 26, 1977) was an American clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop (later archbishop) of Miami from 1958 until his death in 1977. Biography
<mask> was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the second of three children of William and B. Margaret (née Hogan) <mask>. His parents were both born in Ireland, and his father, who worked as a railroad brakeman and clerk for Carnegie Steel Company, died in 1922. His two brothers also joined the priesthood; his older brother, <mask>, served as Bishop of Altoona-Johnstown, and his younger brother, <mask>, worked in the Vatican Secretariat of State. He attended Holy Rosary elementary and high schools in Homewood, and later graduated from Duquesne University in 1926. His theological studies were made at St. Vincent Seminary in Latrobe.On June 15, 1930, <mask> was ordained a priest for the Diocese of Pittsburgh. He then served as a curate at the Church of the Resurrection in Brookline, St. Scholastica Church in Aspinwall, St. Basil Church in Carrick, and Holy Cross Church on the South Side. In 1944, he earned a Doctor of Canon Law degree from the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. He organized St. Maurice Church in Forest Hills in 1949, serving as its founding pastor. He became pastor at Sacred Heart Church in East Liberty in 1951, and was named diocesan vicar for religious in 1952. He was raised to the rank of domestic prelate in September 1952.He also headed the philosophy department at Duquesne University for four years, and taught at Mount Mercy College for ten years. On August 25, 1953, <mask> was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Pittsburgh and Titular Bishop of Pitanae by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on the following November 10 from Archbishop Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, with Bishops John Francis Dearden and Michael Joseph Ready serving as co-consecrators, at the Cathedral of St. Paul. His consecration was attended by

masks:
Coleman Francis Carroll
Coleman Carroll
Carroll
Howard Joseph Carroll
Walter Sharp Carroll
Carroll
Carroll


texts: over 2,000 people, including Pennsylvania's first Catholic governor, David L. Lawrence. As an auxiliary bishop, <mask> assisted Bishop Dearden with the administrative duties of the diocese, and continued to serve as pastor of Sacred Heart Church. On August 13, 1958, <mask> was named the first bishop of the newly erected Diocese of Miami in Florida. His installation took place on the following October 7.At the time of his arrival, the diocese comprised sixteen counties in southern Florida with a Catholic population of 185,000. By the time of his death, the archdiocese was composed of eight counties, and included 700,000 Catholics, 127 parishes, 500 priests, and 750 nuns. A little over a year following his installation, <mask> founded St. John Vianney College Seminary in Miami. He later opened St. Vincent de Paul Seminary at Boynton Beach in 1963. He also established a weekly diocesan newspaper called The Voice. In response to the Cuban exile, <mask> welcomed over half a million Cuban refugees into the diocese. In 1960, he used the four-story school building of Gesu Church to establish the Centro Hispano Catolico, a welfare agency that provided medical care, child care, legal aid, employment service, food, clothing and cash for Cuban refugees in the diocese.He also helped to coordinate Operation Peter Pan, and even scolded Monsignor Bryan O. Walsh, who headed the diocesan Catholic Charities program, for not agreeing to resettle more unaccompanied children. However, <mask> was accused by some Hispanic Catholics, including a number of priests, of showing little interest in their community. They also claimed he was trying to Anglicize the diocese by limiting Spanish-language education in parochial schools and Spanish-language Masses. <mask> did, however, maintain amicable relationships with local African American and Jewish leaders. He was a frequent visitor of Camillus House, established homes for the elderly and unwed mothers, and opened

masks: Carroll Carroll Carroll Carroll Carroll Carroll


texts:
 rehabilitation centers for drug addicts and alcoholics. On August 5, 1968, <mask> offered the invocation at the opening of the 1968 Republican National Convention in Miami Beach. <mask> was known for his firm control over his priests and parishioners, as well as for his outspoken conservative political views and progressive social outlook.He was a vocal opponent of a local ordinance in Dade County that prohibited discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, supporting the Save Our Children campaign led by Anita Bryant. He was an advocate for racial justice and strongly supported the civil rights movement. On theological matters, he was described as a "hardline Roman Catholic traditionalist" known for his "vociferous opposition to liberalization of the church." He also opposed repealing the practice of abstaining from meat on Fridays. When the Diocese of Miami was elevated to the rank of an archdiocese by Pope Paul VI on March 2, 1968, <mask> became its first Archbishop. The Dioceses of Orlando and of St. Petersburg were erected from the Archdiocese of Miami, with <mask> holding the status of a metropolitan bishop over them. Less than ten years later, <mask> took ill and Edward A. McCarthy was appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Miami in 1976.At age 72, <mask> died from complications stemming from a vascular disease at his residence in Miami Beach. He was buried three days later in the priests' section of Our Lady of Mercy Cemetery in Miami. References

External links
Archdiocese of Miami
Archbishop <mask><mask> High School

1905 births
1977 deaths
20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the United States
American Roman Catholic clergy of Irish descent
Roman Catholic archbishops of Miami
Duquesne University alumni
Participants in the Second Vatican Council
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Miami
Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of Philadelphia
Saint Vincent Seminary alumni
Catholic University of America alumni
Religious leaders from

masks:
Carroll
Carroll
Carroll
Carroll
Carroll
Carroll
Coleman F
. Carroll


texts:
<mask> (; born Lucien Ginsburg; 2 April 1928 – 2 March 1991) was a French musician, singer-songwriter, author, filmmaker and actor. Regarded as the most important figure in French pop whilst alive, he was renowned for often provocative and scandalous releases which caused uproar in France, dividing its public opinion, as well as his diverse artistic output, which ranged from his early work in jazz, chanson, and yé-yé to later efforts in rock,zouk,funk, reggae, and electronica. <mask>'s varied musical style and individuality make him difficult to categorize, although his legacy has been firmly established and he is often regarded as one of the world's most influential popular musicians. His lyrical works incorporated wordplay, with humorous, bizarre, provocative, sexual, satirical or subversive overtones. <mask> wrote over 550 songs, which have been covered more than 1,000 times by a range of artists. Since his death from a second heart attack in 1991, <mask>'s music has reached legendary stature in France, and he has become one of the country's best-loved public figures. He has also gained a cult following all over the world with chart success in the United Kingdom and the United States with "Je t'aime... moi non plus" and "Bonnie and Clyde", respectively.Biography

1928–1956: Early years
Lucien Ginsburg was born in Paris on 2 April 1928. He was the son of Jewish Ukrainian migrants, Joseph Ginsburg (27 March 1896, in Feodosia, Russian Empire — 22 April 1971, in Paris) and Olga (née Besman; 15 January 1894, in Odessa, Russian

masks:
Serge Gainsbourg
Gainsbourg
Gainsbourg
Gainsbourg


texts: Empire (now Ukraine) – 16 March 1985, in Paris), who fled to Paris via Istanbul after the 1917 Russian Revolution. Joseph Ginsburg was a classically trained musician whose profession was playing the piano in cabarets and casinos; he taught his children—Gainsbourg and his twin sister Liliane—to play the piano. Gainsbourg's childhood was profoundly affected by the occupation of France by Germany during World War II. The identifying yellow star that Jews were required to wear haunted Gainsbourg; in later years he was able to transmute this memory into creative inspiration. During the occupation, the Jewish Ginsburg family was able to make their way from Paris to Limoges, traveling under false papers. Limoges was in the Zone libre under the administration of the collaborationist Vichy government and still a perilous refuge for Jews.He attended the Lycée Condorcet high school in Paris but dropped out before completing his Baccalauréat. In 1945, Gainsbourg's (Ginsburg's) father enrolled him into Beaux-Arts de Paris, a prestigious art school, before switching to the Académie de Montmartre, where his professors included the likes of André Lhote and Fernand Léger. There, <mask> would meet his first wife Elisabeth "Lize" Levitsky, daughter of Russian aristocrats who was also a part-time model. They married on 3 November 1951 and were divorced by 1957. In 1948, he was conscripted by the military for twelve months of service in Courbevoie. He never saw action and spent the time playing dirty songs on his guitar, visiting prostitutes and


texts:
 drinking, later admitting that the service made him an alcoholic. Gainsbourg obtained work teaching music and drawing in a school outside of Paris, in Le Mesnil-le-Roi.The school was set up under the auspices of local rabbis, for the orphaned children of murdered deportees. Here, Gainsbourg heard the accounts of Nazi persecution and genocide, stories that resonated for Gainsbourg far into the future. 1957–1963: Early work
Gainsbourg was disillusioned as a painter as he lacked talent but earned his living working odd jobs and as a piano player in bars, usually as a stand-in for his father. He soon became the venue pianist at the drag cabaret club Madame Arthur. Whilst filling in a form to join the songwriting society SACEM, Gainsbourg decided to change his first name to <mask>, feeling that this was representative of his Jewish background and because, as his future partner Jane Birkin relates: "Lucien reminded him of a hairdresser's assistant". He chose Gainsbourg as his last name, in homage to the English painter Thomas Gainsborough, whom he admired. Gainsbourg had a revelation when he saw Boris Vian at the Milord l'Arsouille club whose provocative and humorous songs would influence his own compositions.At the Milord l'Arsouille, Gainsbourg accompanied singer and club star Michèle Arnaud on the guitar. In 1957, Arnaud and the club's director Francis Claude discovered, with amazement, the compositions of <mask> while visiting his house to see his paintings. The next day, Claude pushed <mask> on stage. Despite suffering from

masks: Serge Gainsbourg Gainsbourg


texts: stage fright, he performed his own repertoire, including "Le Poinçonneur des Lilas", which describes the day in the life of a Paris Métro ticket man, whose job is to stamp holes in passengers' tickets. Gainsbourg describes this chore as so monotonous, that the man eventually thinks of putting a hole into his own head and being buried in another. He was given his own show by Claude and was eventually spotted by Jacques Canetti, who helped propel his career with a spot at the Théâtre des Trois Baudets and on his tours. In 1958, Arnaud began recording several interpretations of Gainsbourg's songs.His debut album, Du chant à la une !... (1958), was recorded  in the summer of 1958, backed by arranger Alain Goraguer and his orchestra, beginning a fruitful collaboration. It was released in September, becoming a commercial  and critical failure, despite winning the grand prize at L'Academie Charles Cross and the praise of Boris Vian, who compared him to Cole Porter. His next album, N° 2 (1959), suffered the same fate. He made his film debut in 1959 with a supporting role in the French-Italian co-production Come Dance with Me, starring his future lover Brigitte Bardot. In the following year, he featured as a Roman officer in the Italian sword-and-sandals epic-film The Revolt of the Slaves. He would continue playing "nasty characters" in similar productions, including Samson (1961) and The Fury of Hercules (1962).<mask>'s first commercial success came in 1960 with his single "L'Eau à la bouche", the title song from the film of the same


texts:
 name, for which he had composed the score. L'Étonnant <mask> Gainsbourg (1961), his third LP, included what would become one his best known songs from this period, "La Chanson de Prévert", which lifted lyrics from the Jacques Prévert poem  "Les feuilles mortes". After a night of drinking champagne and dancing with singer Juliette Gréco, Gainsbourg went home and wrote "La Javanaise" for her. They would both release versions of the song in 1962, but it is Gainsbourg's rendition that has endured. His fourth album, Serge Gainsbourg N° 4 was released in 1962, incorporated Latin and rock and roll influences whilst his next, Gainsbourg Confidentiel (1963), featured a more minimalistic jazz approach, accompanied only by a double bass and electric guitar. 1963–1966: Eurovision and involvement in the yé-yé movement

Despite initially mocking yé-yé, a style of French pop typically sang by young female singers, Gainsbourg would soon become one of its most important figures after writing a string of hits for artists like Brigitte Bardot, Petula Clark and France Gall. He had met Gall after being introduced by a friend as they were Philips Records labelmates, thus beginning a successful collaboration that would produce hits like "N'écoute pas les idoles", the frequently covered "Laisse tomber les filles" and "Poupée de cire, poupée de son", the latter of which was the Luxembourgian winning entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 1965.Inspired by the 4th movement (Prestissimo in F minor) from Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 1, the song featured


texts:
 double entendres  and wordplay, a staple of Gainsbourg's lyrics. The controversially risqué "Les sucettes" ("Lollipops"), featured references to oral sex, unbeknownst to the 18-year-old Gall, who thought the song was about lollipops. Gall later expressed displeasure at Gainsbourg's antics, stating she felt "betrayed by the adults around me" in 2001. <mask> married a second time on 7 January 1964, to Françoise-Antoinette "Béatrice" Pancrazzi, with whom he had two children: a daughter named Natacha (b. 8 August 1964) and a son, Paul (born in spring 1968). He divorced Béatrice in February 1966.His next album, Gainsbourg Percussions (1964), was inspired by the rhythms and melodies of African musicians Miriam Makeba and Babatunde Olatunji. Olatunji later sued Gainsbourg for lifting three tracks from his 1960 album Drums of Passion. Nevertheless, the album has been hailed as being ahead of its time for its incorporation of world music and lyrical content depicting interracial love. Between 1965 and 1966, Gainsbourg composed the music and sung the words of science fiction writer André Ruellan for several songs made for a series of animated Marie-Mathematics shorts created by Jean-Claude Forest. He would reunite with Michèle Arnaud for the duet "Les Papillons Noirs" from her 1966 comeback record. 1967–1970: Famous muses and duets

In 1967, Gainsbourg wrote the script and provided the soundtrack for the musical comedy television film Anna starring Anna Karina in the titular role. Another Gainsbourg song, "Boum-Badaboum" by  Minouche


texts: Barelli, was entered by Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contest 1967, coming in fifth place.In that year, <mask> would have a brief but ardent love affair with Brigitte Bardot. One day she asked him to write the most beautiful love song he could imagine and, that night, he wrote the duets "Je t'aime... moi non plus" and "Bonnie and Clyde" for her. The erotic yet cynical  "Je t'aime", describing the hopelessness of physical love, was recorded by the pair in a small glass booth in Paris. But after Bardot's husband, German businessman Gunter Sachs, became aware of the recording he demanded it be withdrawn. Bardot pleaded with  Gainsbourg not to release it and he complied. Bardot's LP Brigitte Bardot Show 67 contained four songs penned by Gainsbourg, including duets such as the playful "Comic Strip" and the string-laden "Bonnie and Clyde", which tells the story of the American criminal couple and was based on a poem written by Bonnie Parker herself. His own Initials B.B.(1968) included these duets and was his first album in nearly four years. It blended orchestral pop with the style of rock characteristic of London in the swinging sixties, where the album was largely recorded. <mask> borrowed heavily from  Antonín Dvořák's New World Symphony for the title track, named after and dedicated to Bardot. Phillips subsidiary Fontana Records also issued the compilation LP Bonnie and Clyde (1968) comprising their duets and other previously recorded material. His percussion heavy 1968 single "Requiem pour un con" was performed onscreen by

masks: Gainsbourg Gainsbourg


texts: <mask> in the crime film Le Pacha, for which he was the composer. Shortly after being left by Bardot, <mask> was asked by Françoise Hardy to write a French version of the song "It Hurts to Say Goodbye". The result was "Comment te dire adieu", which is notable for its uncommon rhymes and has become one of Hardy's signature songs.In mid-1968 <mask> fell in love with the younger English singer and actress Jane Birkin, whom he met during the shooting of the film Slogan (1969). In the film, <mask> starred as a commercial director who has an affair on his pregnant wife with a younger woman, played by Birkin. <mask> also provided the soundtrack and dueted with Birkin on the title theme ""La Chanson de Slogan". The relationship would last for over a decade. In July 1971 they had a daughter, Charlotte, who would become an actress and singer. Although many sources state that they were married, according to their daughter Charlotte this was not the case. After filming Slogan, <mask> asked Birkin to re-record "Je t'aime..." with him.Her vocals were an octave higher than Bardot's, contained suggestive heavy breathing and culminated in simulated orgasm sounds. Released in February 1969, the song topped the UK Singles Chart after being temporarily banned due to its overtly sexual content. It was banned from the radio in several other countries, including Spain, Sweden, Italy and France before 11pm. The song was even publicly denounced by The Vatican. It was included on the joint album Jane Birkin/<mask>bourg, which also contained "Élisa" and

masks:
Gainsbourg
Gainsbourg
Gainsbourg
Gainsbourg
Gainsbourg
Gainsbourg
Serge Gains


texts:
 new recordings of songs written by other artists including "Les sucettes", "L'anamour" and "Sous le soleil exactement". In 2017, Pitchfork named it the 44th best album of the 1960s. He and Birkin would share the screen in another Gainsbourg-scored film, Cannabis (1970), in which he played an American gangster who falls in love with a girl from a wealthy family.The 1970s

Following the success of "Je t'aime... moi non plus", his record company had expected <mask> to produce another hit. But after having already made a fortune, he was uninterested, deciding to "move onto something serious". The result was his 1971 concept album Histoire de Melody Nelson, which the tells story of an illicit relationship between the narrator and the teenage Melody Nelson after running her over in his Rolls Royce Silver Ghost. The album heavily features Gainsbourg's distinctive half-spoken, half-sung vocal delivery, loose drums, guitar, and bass evoking funk music, and lush string and choral arrangements by Jean-Claude Vannier. Despite only selling around 15,000 copies upon release, it has become highly influential and is often considered his magnum opus. An accompanying television special starring <mask> and Birkin was also broadcast. He had a heart attack in May 1973, but refused to cut back on smoking and drinking.In 1975, he released the album Rock Around the Bunker, an album written entirely on the subject of National Socialism. Gainsbourg used black comedy, as he and his family had suffered during World War II, being forced to wear the


texts: yellow star as the mark of a Jew. Rock Around the Bunker belonged to the mid-1970s "retro" trend. The next year saw the release of another major work, L'Homme à tête de chou (Cabbage-Head Man), featuring the new character Marilou and sumptuous orchestral themes. Cabbage-Head Man is one of his nicknames, as it refers to his ears. Musically, L'homme à tête de chou turned out to be Gainsbourg's last LP in the English rock style he had favoured since the late 1960s. He would go on to produce two reggae albums recorded in Jamaica (1979 and 1981) and two electronic funk albums recorded in New York (1984 and 1987).In Jamaica in 1979, he recorded "Aux Armes et cætera", a reggae version of the French national anthem "La Marseillaise", with Robbie Shakespeare, Sly Dunbar and Rita Marley. Following harsh and anti-semitic criticism in right-wing newspaper Le Figaro by Charles de Gaulle biographer Michel Droit, his song earned him death threats from right-wing veteran soldiers of the Algerian War of Independence including Legionnaires, who were opposed to their national anthem being arranged in reggae style. In 1979, a show had to be cancelled, because an angry mob of French Army parachutists came to demonstrate in the audience. Alone onstage, Gainsbourg raised his fist and answered: "The true meaning of our national anthem is revolutionary" and sang it a capella with the audience. The soldiers joined them, a scene enjoyed by millions as French TV news broadcast it, creating more publicity. Shortly afterward, <mask> purchased the original


texts:
 manuscript of "La Marseillaise". He replied to his critics that his version was closer to the original as the manuscript actually features the words "Aux armes et cætera..." for the chorus.This album, described by legendary drummer Sly Dunbar as "Perhaps the best record he ever played on", was his biggest commercial success, including major hits "Lola Rastaquouère", "Aux armes et cætera", and a French version of Sam Theard's jazz classic "You Rascal You" entitled "Vieille canaille". Rita Marley and the I-Three would record another controversial reggae album with him in 1981, Mauvaises nouvelles des étoiles. Bob Marley was furious, when he discovered that <mask> made his wife Rita sing erotic lyrics. Posthumous new mixes of "Aux Armes...", including dub versions by Soljie Hamilton and versions of both albums by Jamaican artists, were released as double "Dub Style" albums in 2003, to critical praise in France as well as abroad and to international commercial success. Although belatedly, Aux Armes Et Cætera – Dub Style and Mauvaises Nouvelles Des Étoiles – Dub Style further established Gainsbourg, posthumously, as an influential icon in European pop music. Final years

In 1982, Gainsbourg wrote an album for French rocker Alain Bashung, Play blessures. The album, although now considered a masterpiece by French critics, was a commercial failure.After a turbulent 13-year relationship, Jane Birkin left Gainsbourg. He still went on to write and produce three more albums for her: Baby Alone in Babylone (1983), Lost Song (1987), Amour


texts: des feintes (1990), with many songs being about their relationship (including "Fuir le bonheur de peur qu'il ne se sauve", which would be read by Catherine Deneuve during Gainsbourg's funeral in 1991). In the 1980s, near the end of his life, <mask> became a regular figure on French TV. His appearances were increasingly devoted to his controversial sense of humour and provocation. In March 1984, he burned three-quarters of a 500-French-franc bill on television to protest against taxes rising up to 74% of income. He would show up drunk and unshaven on stage: in April 1986, on Michel Drucker's live Saturday evening television show Champs-Élysées, with the American singer Whitney Houston, he objected to Drucker's translating his comments to Houston and in English stated: "I said, I want to fuck her"—Drucker, utterly embarrassed, insisted that this meant "He says you are great..." That same year, in another talk show interview, he appeared alongside Catherine Ringer, the well-known singer from Les Rita Mitsouko. <mask> spat out at her, "You're nothing but a filthy whore" to which Ringer replied, "look at you, you're just a bitter old alcoholic...you've become a disgusting old parasite."For many in France, this incident was the last straw, and much of his later work was overlooked since it was often done and performed while he was inebriated. After Gainsbourg's passing, Eddy Mitchell reported that their duet of "You Rascal You" had far fewer sales than would have normally been expected because of this. Michel Drucker, also, reported


texts: that he had a difficult time apologizing to Whitney Houston. After that particular incident, <mask> was never again really "clean" in public, almost always having a drink in his hand and a lit cigarette between his lips, thus disgusting many with his behavior and demeanor in all he said and did. Famous humorist Pierre Desproges, who commented the incident with Catherine Ringer, said that he had admired <mask> when he was alive (meaning to say that he was currently as good as dead), and that he was "the only genius looking like a garbage can" ("le seul génie qui ressemble à une poubelle"). His songs became increasingly eccentric during this period, ranging from the anti-drug "Aux Enfants de la Chance", to the highly controversial duet with his daughter Charlotte named "Lemon Incest". Yet he continued to produce albums and songs for women—typically women with a frail voice—some of them highly successful, like the aforementioned Baby Alone in Babylone (1983) and Amour des feintes (1990) for Jane Birkin, Variations sur le même t'aime (1990) for Vanessa Paradis, Pull marine (1983) for Isabelle Adjani, "White and Black Blues" for Joëlle Ursull (which came second at the 1990 Eurovision).His last official partner was Bambou. In 1986, they had a son, Lucien, known as Lulu. In 2010, Lise Lévitzky published a book called Lise et Lulu which raises the possibility of Gainsbourg being bisexual. In 2017, Constance Meyer published a book titled La jeune fille et Gainsbourg, in which she reveals that she had a love affair with the musician


texts:
 during his last years, which began in 1985 when, then aged 16, she sent him a love letter. In December 1988, while a judge at a film festival in Val d'Isère, he was extremely intoxicated at a local theatre where he was to do a presentation. While on stage he began to tell an obscene story about Brigitte Bardot and a champagne bottle, only to stagger offstage and collapse in a nearby seat. Subsequent years saw his health deteriorate.He had to undergo liver surgery but denied any connection to cancer or cirrhosis. His appearances and releases became sparser as he had to rest and recover in Vezelay. During these final years, he released Love on the Beat, a controversial electronic album with mostly sexual themes (exemplified by the titular song, for which he sampled actual sexual screams from Bambou), and his last studio album, You're Under Arrest, which presented more synth-driven songs, as well as two live albums. Film work
Acting

Gainsbourg appeared in nearly 50 film and television roles. In 1960, he co-starred with Rhonda Fleming in the Italian film La rivolta degli schiavi (The Revolt of the Slaves) as Corvino, the Roman Emperor Massimiano's evil henchman. In 1968 he wrote music for and appeared as himself in Le Pacha directed by Georges Lautner. In 1969, he appeared in William Klein's pop art satire Mr. Freedom, and in the same year he co-starred alongside Jane Birkin in The Pleasure Pit as well as in Slogan, for which he wrote the title song "La Chanson de Slogan".Also with Birkin, he acted in the French-Yugoslav film


texts:
 (19 girls and one sailor) where he played a role of a partisan. They acted together again in Cannabis the following year, and again in Seven Deaths in the Cat's Eye in 1973. He also made a brief appearance with Birkin in Herbert Vesely's 1980 film Egon Schiele – Exzess und Bestrafung. Directing
<mask> wrote and directed four feature films: Je t'aime moi non plus, Équateur, Charlotte for Ever, and Stan the Flasher. He also made a short film, Le Physique et le Figuré, and co-wrote the first color film made for French television "Anna." He directed a few music videos, including the controversial "Morgane de toi" for his friend Renaud, featuring a group of naked children running on a beach. Composing
Throughout his career, <mask> wrote the soundtracks for nearly 60 films and television programs.In 1996, he received a posthumous César Award for Best Music Written for a Film for Élisa, along with Zbigniew Preisner and Michel Colombier. Writing
<mask> Sokolov, a first person narrative where the titular protagonist recounts how he became a famous avant-garde painter by exploiting his uncontrollable and violent farts, generating the trademark shaky graphic style of his works which he calls "gazogrammes". Death and legacy

<mask>, who smoked five packs of unfiltered Gitane cigarettes a day, died on 2 March 1991 of a heart attack, a month shy of his 63rd birthday. He was buried in the Jewish section of the Montparnasse Cemetery in Paris. French President François Mitterrand said of him, "He was our Baudelaire, our Apollinaire ... He

masks: Gainsbourg Gainsbourg Gainsbourgguie Gainsbourg