texts:
 Championship on August 3, 1987, but did not rise above mid-card status. <mask> lost the title on September 2 to Terry Taylor. World Championship Wrestling (1989–1990)
In 1989, <mask> signed with the promotion World Championship Wrestling (WCW), then a member of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). He retained his <mask> ring name and was put into a tag team of skateboarders known as The Dynamic Dudes with Johnny Ace (John Laurinaitis, the younger brother of Road Warrior Animal). Mick Foley has opined that since neither Ace nor <mask> knew how to skateboard, the fans saw through the character and refused to buy into it. Jim Cornette, who was managing The Midnight Express (Bobby Eaton and Stan Lane) at the time, decided to manage the duo to help them get over.When Eaton and Lane in storyline did not approve, they forced a match between the two teams with Cornette remaining neutral at ringside. He ended up turning on <mask> and Ace and the teams feuded for a couple of months. Cornette's turn was to have established The Dynamic Dudes as a top fan favorite tag team, but the turn backfired and made The Midnight Express more popular than they already were. The Dynamic Dudes broke up in 1990 after Ace began competing progressively more for All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), which was breaking its ties to the NWA. Jim Cornette also states that the end of the Dynamic Dudes came when <mask> went over his head to Jim Herd about having a finish changed to make him look stronger. Cornette, who was part of the booking committee, washed his hands of working with them afterwards. <mask> argued that they had been repeatedly promised a big push and were

masks:
Douglas
Douglas
Shane Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Shane


type: original

texts:
 instead being booked to lose all of their big matches, then getting criticized for not getting over as a top team.The Dudes would last wrestle together in March 1990, and <mask> soon left WCW and wrestled on the American independent circuit. World Wrestling Federation (1990–1991)
In 1990, <mask> signed a deal with the World Wrestling Federation and made his debut on the June 18 episode of Prime Time Wrestling, defeating Bob Bradley, in a match taped in Toronto, Ontario on May 27. <mask> remained undefeated in his first month, defeating Bob Bradley, Paul Diamond, and Steve Lombardi in a series of matches. He then moved up to begin a house show series in late June against Haku and suffered his first loss on June 28 in Denver, Colorado. He remained without a win in subsequent rematches. He made his syndicated television debut on the August 26 episode of WWF Wrestling Challenge, teaming with jobber Mark Thomas in a loss to The Orient Express. In August 1990, he received his first break when he was tapped as the temporary replacement to an injured Shawn Michaels in The Rockers tag-team.<mask> teamed with Jannetty six times in matches against The Orient Express. On August 27, he defeated Buddy Rose in a dark match at the SummerSlam '90 PPV. On the September 17 episode of Prime Time Wrestling, <mask> wrestled Haku to a draw, and he was largely undefeated against low level competition throughout the fall. At the Survivor Series '90 PPV <mask> defeated Buddy Rose in another dark match, and on January 3, 1991, at a house show in Scranton, Pennsylvania, he scored the biggest victory of his nascent WWF career when he upset Dino Bravo. Four days

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts:
 later on the January 7, 1991, episode of Prime Time Wrestling he would pin Haku, and was strongly positioned as a rising young star. His most memorable WWF performance took place at the 1991 Royal Rumble, where he entered as the seventeenth entrant and lasted for 26 minutes and 23 seconds before being eliminated by Brian Knobbs. Shortly after, he left the company to take care of his ailing father.<mask> would make intermittent appearances in 1991, subbing for various wrestlers on house shows. He returned on May 8 in Youngstown, Ohio, and lost to Ricky Steamboat. In June he returned for a pair of house shows and was defeated by Colonel Mustafa. He made his final televised appearance on the June 15th episode of Prime Time Wrestling, losing to Dino Bravo in a match taped at Madison Square Garden. <mask> closed out his first WWF run with two victories - a win on July 29 in a dark match at a WWF Superstars taping against Bob Bradley, and a victory over The Orient Express on August 2 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, when he teamed with Marty Jannetty. Return to WCW (1992–1993)
<mask> returned to WCW on the September 12, 1992 episode of Saturday Night as a fan favorite, where he defeated Super Invader in his return match by using Magnum T.A. 's finishing move, belly to belly suplex, which was noted by Magnum, the following week on Saturday Night.On the October 17 episode of Saturday Night, <mask> had a match with Brian Pillman, which began a rivalry between the duo. He made his pay-per-view return at Halloween Havoc, where he teamed with Tom Zenk and Johnny Gunn to compete against Arn Anderson, Bobby Eaton and Michael Hayes in a winning effort.

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts:
 While feuding with Pillman, <mask> formed a tag team with Ricky Steamboat to take on Pillman and Steve Austin in a tag team match on the October 24 episode of Worldwide. The following month, Steamboat and <mask> were booked to win the NWA and WCW World Tag Team Championships from Dustin Rhodes and Barry Windham on the November 18 Clash of the Champions XXI. Steamboat and <mask> made a successful title defense against Windham and Pillman at Starrcade. Steamboat and <mask> began a lengthy rivalry with Pillman and his new tag team partner Steve Austin. Steamboat and <mask> successfully defended the tag titles against Austin and Pillman on the January 13, 1993 Clash of the Champions XXII, before dropping the titles to Austin and Pillman on the March 27, 1993 episode of Worldwide.Soon after losing the tag titles, <mask> began a rivalry with the World Television Champion Paul Orndorff, where he came up short against Orndorff in two respective matches in the Computer Contenders Challenge on the May 1 episode of Worldwide and the May 8 episode of Power Hour, before departing the company for Eastern Championship Wrestling (ECW). <mask> had been scheduled to team with Steamboat in a steel cage match for a title shot at the NWA and WCW World Tag Team Championship at Slamboree, but was replaced by Tom Zenk in a mask. NWA Eastern / Extreme Championship Wrestling

The Franchise and Birth of Extreme (1993–1994)

Martin debuted in the upstart ECW during its formative years on the August 24, 1993 episode of Eastern Championship Wrestling and solidified his status as a villain by joining Hotstuff International. In his first match, <mask> defeated Don

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts: E. Allen and Herve Renesto in a handicap match. <mask> quickly rose to the top of the roster, winning the promotion's Heavyweight Championship on the September 14 episode of Eastern Championship Wrestling, after champion Tito Santana forfeited the title. <mask> successfully defended the title against The Sandman at the UltraClash event. At NWA Bloodfest, <mask> retained the title against J.T.Smith before dropping the title to Sabu later that night. On the December 14 episode of NWA Eastern Championship Wrestling, <mask> substituted for an injured Johnny Gunn to defend the Tag Team Championship alongside Gunn's partner Tommy Dreamer against Kevin Sullivan and The Tazmaniac, during which <mask> turned on Dreamer by attacking him with a steel chain. The following week, <mask> defeated Dreamer via disqualification by hitting Dreamer with a steel chain and handing over the chain to Dreamer, which fooled the referee to believe that Dreamer had hit him with the chain. This strategy would be adopted by Eddie Guerrero a decade later. <mask> defeated Dreamer at Holiday Hell to end the feud. <mask> developed a gimmick of a foul-mouthed, incredibly arrogant villain (an attitude that would define him permanently and give him success), and gave himself the nickname "The Franchise". His best friend Sherri Martel became his valet.<mask> gained notoriety when he wrestled Terry Funk and Sabu to a one-hour draw in the company's first-ever three-way dance for the ECW Heavyweight Championship at The Night the Line Was Crossed. <mask> dethroned Funk in an Ultimate Jeopardy steel cage match to win his second Heavyweight Championship at Ultimate Jeopardy.

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts:
 Since its founding, ECW had been a member of the NWA. <mask> was instrumental in the development of "extreme wrestling" when he defeated The Tazmaniac, Dean Malenko and 2 Cold Scorpio to win a tournament to become the NWA World Heavyweight Champion on August 27. In an angle which only he, Tod Gordon, and Paul Heyman knew about, <mask> threw down the NWA title belt and stated that he did not want to be champion of a "dead promotion". <mask> raised the ECW Heavyweight Championship belt and declared it to be a world championship belt, renaming it the ECW World Heavyweight Championship. WWE recognizes this moment as the beginning of ECW Championship and <mask> as the first ECW Champion.According to the Forever Hardcore DVD, <mask> only decided to throw down the NWA belt after NWA president Dennis Coralluzzo buried <mask> on Mike Tenay's radio show. On the August 30 edition of NWA Eastern Championship Wrestling, Gordon announced he was folding Eastern Championship Wrestling, and in its place forming Extreme Championship Wrestling, a new promotion independent of the NWA. Capitalizing on the controversy that surrounded his literally "throwing down" the NWA belt and the promo following it, <mask> was encouraged to express his true feelings in interviews by the ECW bookers. This helped raise ECW's prominence in the eyes of wrestling fans and journalists and allowed it to become an alternative to WCW and the WWF and <mask> cemented a legacy in the history of ECW. <mask> closed 1994 with successful title defenses of the ECW World Heavyweight Championship against Ron Simmons. Triple Threat (1995)

In early 1995, <mask> formed the Triple Threat


texts:
 faction, aligning himself with Chris Benoit and Dean Malenko. He started the year with successful title defenses of the World Heavyweight Championship against Tully Blanchard and Marty Jannetty.He then entered a feud with The Sandman during a match at Three Way Dance, where Sandman's valet, Woman, seemed to have aligned herself with <mask> by helping him in retaining the title against Sandman by handing him Sandman's Singapore cane to attack him and get the win. However, it turned out to be a ruse when she aided Sandman in defeating <mask> for the title at Hostile City Showdown. <mask>' lengthy reign ended at 385 days, which is the second longest reign in the title history. After failing to regain the title, <mask> began a rivalry with Cactus Jack, as each man wanted to capture the title from Sandman and saw the other as competition. During this time, <mask> went on a tirade about the lawlessness of ECW and brought in Bill Alfonso as a troubleshooting referee to restore order. After teasing a departure for the WWF, <mask> finally left ECW for WWF in July 1995, making his last appearance during a world title match between Sandman and Cactus Jack at Heat Wave, during which he attacked both men and left. Return to WWF (1995-1996)

In 1995, <mask> returned to the WWF with a college dean character under the ring name <mask>, making his first appearance on the July 29 episode of Superstars.To establish himself, he filmed several vignettes with a chalkboard, lecturing wrestlers and fans. He would also be shown taking notes of his opponents at ringside during some matches, and frequently carried a paddle (dubbed the "Board of Education") with

masks:
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Dean Douglas


texts: him to the ring. He would usually present a "Report Card" in which he would degrade the performances of heroic wrestlers after their matches. <mask> began a rivalry with Razor Ramon after grading him "MF" for miserable failure after Razor's loss to Shawn Michaels at SummerSlam. <mask> made his in-ring return to WWF on the September 9 episode of Superstars, where he defeated 1-2-3 Kid by disqualification after Razor attacked <mask>. This resulted in a match between <mask> and Razor at In Your House 3, which <mask> won after interference by the Kid. He was set to wrestle Shawn Michaels for the Intercontinental Championship at In Your House 4, but Michaels forfeited the title due to injuries incurred after being attacked and beaten by a Marine in Syracuse, New York.<mask>, however, immediately had to defend the title against rival Razor Ramon. Ramon would go on to defeat <mask>, ending his reign at only twenty minutes. <mask> was randomly paired with Razor, Owen Hart and Yokozuna against Shawn Michaels, Ahmed Johnson, British Bulldog and Sycho Sid in a Wildcard Survivor Series match at Survivor Series. <mask> was eliminated by Michaels after Razor attacked him. His team went on to lose the match. <mask> failed to recapture the Intercontinental Championship from Razor Ramon on the December 4 episode of Monday Night Raw. His last televised match was on the December 9 episode of Superstars, where he defeated enhancement talent Tony Williams.His last appearance on WWF television was at In Your House 5, when he was booked to wrestle Ahmed Johnson. According to the storyline, his back was not in wrestling condition, so he introduced Buddy


texts:
 Landel as his substitute, who was subsequently defeated by Johnson in just forty-two seconds. His very last day working in WWF was at Madison Square Garden where he was diagnosed with a severe muscle spasm in his back that if agitated could have paralyzed him. Despite doctors telling Vince McMahon it was a legitimate injury, Vince became angry at the news and tried to intimidate <mask> into denying it, and was explicitly told by Vince McMahon to leave the company on January 1, 1996. However, Vince made him go out that evening and deliver a promo, in which he announced his injury. Troy has been very outspoken about how Vince paid him much less than what was agreed upon, and because of his treatment before he refuses to ever work for Vince again. Return to ECW

World Television Champion (1996)

After quitting from WWF, <mask> made his surprise return to ECW at the House Party event on January 5, 1996, where he briefly reprised his <mask> character, correcting Buh Buh Ray Dudley's grammar after a match, thus becoming a fan favorite.His televised return aired on the January 9 episode of Hardcore TV, where he confronted Stevie Richards and Blue Meanie, denounced his Dean gimmick and declared "the Franchise is back!". During this time, he had a memorable feud with Cactus Jack as Cactus was getting ready to leave for WWF and cutting promos encouraging Tommy Dreamer to side with him, deriding ECW's hardcore style and promoting clean wrestling. <mask> eventually pinned Jack in a match at CyberSlam after performing a drop toe-hold onto an opened steel chair after Jack's partner Mikey Whipwreck betrayed Jack. Upon his return, <mask> also

masks:
Shane
Douglas
Dean Douglas
Douglas
Douglas


texts:
 targeted the World Heavyweight Champion Raven and received several title shots but came up short due to heavy interference by members of Raven's Flock. After failing in his attempts to regain the World Heavyweight Championship, <mask> won the World Television Championship from 2 Cold Scorpio at A Matter of Respect and eventually turned into a villain by showing disrespect to the title. After the match, 2 Cold Scorpio attacked him. A month later, <mask> was scheduled to defend the title against Scorpio at Fight The Power, but Scorpio was injured, which resulted in <mask> retaining the title against El Puerto Ricano, Don E. Allen, Devon Storm and Mikey Whipwreck in quick succession before losing it to Pitbull #2 after <mask> insulted The Pitbulls' manager, Francine and gave her a belly to belly suplex.At Heat Wave, <mask> won his second World Television Championship by defeating champion Chris Jericho, 2 Cold Scorpio and Pitbull #2 in a four corners match, after Francine turned on them and aided <mask> in winning the match. With Francine by his side, <mask> continued to feud with Pitbull #2 and retained his title against the latter in subsequent rematches for the remainder of the year. Triple Threat reformation and final storylines (1996–1999)

In the fall of 1996, <mask> reformed the Triple Threat with new members Chris Candido and Brian Lee. <mask> and Francine entered a feud with Tommy Dreamer and Beulah McGillicutty, which culminated in a series of matches between the two pairs throughout late 1996 and early 1997. Triple Threat feuded with <mask>' enemies Tommy Dreamer and The Pitbulls throughout the first half of 1997, while <mask>

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts: continued his successful title defenses of the World Television Championship against Pitbull #2. <mask> retained his title against Pitbull #1, as well, in an "I Quit" match at Hostile City Showdown. During this time, a mysterious man began stalking Francine and displayed mannerisms of Rick Rude.After <mask> retained his title against Pitbull #2 at ECW's first pay-per-view Barely Legal, Brian Lee revealed himself to be the mysterious stalker and delivered a Chokeslam to <mask>. As a result, Lee was removed from Triple Threat due to his betrayal and left ECW. Triple Threat gained Bam Bam Bigelow in Lee's place, who joined the group as <mask>' partner in a tag team match against The Pitbulls at Chapter 2. At Wrestlepalooza, <mask> retained his title against Chris Chetti. Later that night, <mask> interrupted Taz's promo after a match between Taz and Sabu. <mask> defended his title against Taz, with the stipulation that Taz would not be able to compete in ECW for sixty days. <mask> lost the title in under three minutes after Taz made him submit to the Tazmission.<mask>' reign ended at 329 days. He then turned his attention on capturing the World Heavyweight Championship from Terry Funk and challenged him for the title at Heat Wave but lost by disqualification. <mask> received another shot on the August 14 episode of Hardcore TV, but lost. Shortly after, Sabu won the title but <mask> remained in the title picture. At Hardcore Heaven, <mask> defeated Sabu and Funk in a three-way dance to win the title for the third time. In September 1997, <mask> retained the title against Tommy Dreamer at Terry Funk's WrestleFest and against Phil Lafon in a

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts: no disqualification match at As Good as It Gets. <mask> lost his title to Bam Bam Bigelow on the October 24 episode of Hardcore TV after Rick Rude chose Bigelow as <mask>' challenger.As a result, Bigelow was kicked out of Triple Threat and replaced by Lance Storm. After failing in a rematch at Ultimate Jeopardy, <mask> regained the title by defeating Bigelow at the November to Remember pay-per-view, beginning his fourth reign as champion. <mask> was injured in the match and was sidelined for nearly two months, making his return to action on January 30, 1998. At Hostile City Showdown, Bigelow rejoined Triple Threat by turning on his partner Taz during a match against Triple Threat. Bigelow's return lead to Lance Storm being kicked out of the group, which began a feud between Storm and the Triple Threat. At Living Dangerously, <mask> and Chris Candido faced Storm and his mystery partner, who was revealed to be Al Snow. Snow pinned <mask> following a Snow Plow.This earned Snow, a title shot against <mask> for the world title at Wrestlepalooza, where <mask> retained the title. <mask> suffered an injury which prevented him from competing for a couple of months but he continued to appear on television, during which Triple Threat began feuding with Taz, Rob Van Dam and Sabu. The two teams squared off in a match at November to Remember, where Triple Threat lost. After the match, Bigelow left ECW and Chris Candido abandoned <mask>, resulting in Triple Threat being disbanded. <mask> continued his feud with Taz, which culminated in a match between the two at Guilty as Charged in 1999, where <mask> lost the ECW World Heavyweight Championship to

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts:
 Taz after <mask> was attacked by former teammate Chris Candido, allowing Taz to win with a Tazmission. <mask>' fourth ECW World Heavyweight Championship reign was the longest reign in the title's history, lasting 406 days. <mask> faced Taz in a rematch for the World Heavyweight Championship at House Party, where he lost.On February 12 at Crossing the Line '99, <mask> allied with his long-time nemesis Tommy Dreamer to feud with Impact Players after both men claimed to be the "New Franchise" but <mask> elected Dreamer as his successor, turning <mask> face for the first time since he disrespect to ECW fans in nearly 3 years. At Living Dangerously, Dreamer and <mask> defeated Impact Players. <mask> continued to feud with the Impact Players until he left the company due to a disagreement with Paul Heyman. <mask> wrestled his last match in ECW on April 15, where he defeated Justin Credible after a Pittsburgh Plunge. Second return to WCW

The Revolution and The New Blood (1999–2000)

After quitting ECW, <mask> made a surprise return to WCW on the July 19, 1999, episode of Nitro, where he joined with former Triple Threat members Chris Benoit and Dean Malenko and fellow ECW alumnus Perry Saturn to form The Revolution and pledged to cut the "cancer" out of WCW. This was a reference to Ric Flair, with whom <mask> had an off-screen grudge. Asya was later added to the group in place of Benoit, who left the team.The group wrestled other groups including West Texas Rednecks, First Family, Filthy Animals, and Varsity Club during its run. The group was rarely featured prominently and never really challenged the dominant wrestlers of WCW. This led to


texts: them never really getting popular as an idea, though both Benoit and Malenko were successful individually. The lack of success would eventually lead to the demise of the group after Malenko and Saturn left WCW. Following the disbanding of the Revolution, <mask> managed The Wall at the Souled Out pay-per-view in 2000, before taking a hiatus from television as the company did not have any plans for him at the time. <mask> returned to WCW television on the April 10 episode of Nitro, where he aligned himself with Vince Russo and joined The New Blood group run by Russo and Eric Bischoff, which feuded with the older established The Millionaire's Club, which included his on-screen and real life off-camera nemesis Ric Flair. <mask> faced Flair for the first time on that same night in a match, which <mask> lost by disqualification.At Spring Stampede, <mask> was paired with Buff Bagwell in a four-team tournament for the vacated World Tag Team Championship, where they defeated Harlem Heat 2000 in the semi-finals and the makeshift team of Ric Flair and Lex Luger in the finals, after Brian Adams and Bryan Clark delivered a High Times. <mask> resumed his feud with Flair, which culminated in a match between the two at Slamboree, which <mask> won, with the help of Flair's son David Flair in disguise of a masked man. On the May 15 episode of Nitro, <mask> defended the tag title alongside The Wall, who substituted for Buff Bagwell in a match against KroniK, which KroniK won. <mask> received an opportunity for the World Heavyweight Championship against Jeff Jarrett on the May 31 episode of Thunder, where he failed to win the title after the WCW

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts:
 Commissioner Ernest Miller delivered a Feliner to <mask>. <mask> competed against The Wall in a Best of Five Tables match at The Great American Bash, which <mask> won by driving Wall through three tables. The Return of The Franchise and United States Champion (2000–2001)
At Bash at the Beach, <mask> defeated his former tag team partner Buff Bagwell, by debuting his new finishing move called Franchiser and with assistance by Torrie Wilson, who turned on Bagwell. With Wilson as his manager, <mask> began using his ECW nickname "The Franchise" and began using "Cut the damn music!"catchphrase during his entrance to the ring and then delivered a promo on the microphone. <mask> participated in a tournament for the vacated United States Heavyweight Championship on the July 18 episode of Monday Nitro, where he defeated Billy Kidman in the quarter-finals but lost to eventual winner Lance Storm in the semi-finals. <mask> would begin a rivalry with Kidman, which resulted in a loss for <mask> in a Strap match at the New Blood Rising pay-per-view. However, <mask> and Torrie Wilson defeated Kidman and Madusa in a scaffold match at Fall Brawl. In the fall of 2000, <mask> became allied with the Natural Born Thrillers, during which he helped their leader Mike Sanders win a kickboxing match against Ernest Miller at Halloween Havoc, which lead to <mask> facing Miller in a match at Mayhem, which Miller won. <mask> would then enter a rivalry with Misfits in Action leader General Rection over Rection's United States Heavyweight Championship. He faced Rection for the title at Starrcade, but lost by disqualification after Chavo Guerrero, Jr. informed the


texts:
 referee that <mask> was trying to use a chain to hit Rection.In 2001, <mask> defeated Rection in a first blood chain match to capture the title at the Sin pay-per-view. <mask> dropped the belt to Rick Steiner on the February 5 episode of Nitro. This was <mask>' last WCW match in the company and he sat out the rest of his WCW contract until it was purchased by the WWF on March 23, 2001. After WCW closed down, <mask> refused to return to the WWF because of paternity leave due to his wife's pregnancy. Xtreme Pro Wrestling (2002–2003)
After the WWF purchased both WCW and ECW in 2001, <mask> Went to Xtreme Pro Wrestling in July 2002, where he won its World Heavyweight Championship after defeating Johnny Webb at the Night of Champions event. <mask> later helped expand the promotion from its base in Los Angeles to Philadelphia, and XPW held its first show in Philadelphia on August 31. <mask> would later become the final World Heavyweight Champion in XPW history, as the promotion held its final event on March 8, 2003, in his hometown of Pittsburgh.Total Nonstop Action Wrestling

The New Church, The New Franchise and color commentator (2003–2005)

Following the closures of both XPW and WWA, Martin signed with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling in June 2003. Under his <mask> ring name, he debuted in TNA on the company's weekly pay-per-view on June 11, where he immediately reignited his feud with Raven by costing him an opportunity for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. The two ended up joining separate factions as <mask> became a member of The New Church and Raven formed The Gathering. <mask> made his TNA in-ring debut on July 2, where he

masks:
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Shane Douglas
Douglas
Douglas


texts:
 defeated CM Punk in a Clockwork Orange House of Fun match. <mask> and Raven clashed throughout the summer of 2003, with both men trading wins in a couple of matches. When this feud ran down, <mask> broke away from The New Church on October 1 and began a quest to find "The New Franchise". He was joined by Tracy as his new valet after his match against Sandman on November 5 and <mask> was introduced as <mask>' protege and the trio formed their new group called "The New Franchise" on November 26.<mask> took him under his wing throughout the end of 2003 and beginning of 2004, as the two joined the company's tag team division. The duo were entered into a tournament for the vacated NWA World Tag Team Championship, where they lost to Christopher Daniels and Low Ki on March 24. The following week, <mask> and <mask> participated in a four-way tag team match to receive a shot at the tag team titles, but came up short. On May 5, <mask> turned on <mask> and the two squared off in a match, which <mask> won. After the match, Traci joined <mask> to abandon <mask>. When the grouping of <mask> and <mask> broke up, <mask> went into a semi-in-ring retirement. He became an onscreen commentator and interviewer for TNA's new weekly television show, Impact!, and their monthly pay-per-views.In addition to this on-screen role, he worked backstage as a road agent and took a few independent bookings. Managing The Naturals (2006–2007)
<mask> returned to television on the May 18, 2006 episode of Impact!, appearing on the entrance ramp as <mask> (no relation) made the save for his tag team partner Chase Stevens after a brutal squash match against Samoa Joe. He

masks:
Douglas
Douglas
Michael Shane
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Shane
Shane
Douglas
Douglas
Shane
Douglas
Shane
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Andy Douglas


texts: would scout The Naturals again on the May 25 episode of Impact!, when <mask> lost his match. A few weeks later, on June 15, <mask> confronted them on their recent losing streak and their squandered talent, referring to their former manager and <mask>'s ex-Triple Threat teammate Chris Candido in the process. He offered to become their manager, which they accepted. During the promo when he offered his services, he spoke his true feelings on World Wrestling Entertainment's revival of Extreme Championship Wrestling, admonishing Vince McMahon for "exploiting the memory" of the company he helped build nearly 15 years earlier. After becoming their mentor, pre-recorded videos showed <mask> training The Naturals have been shown on TNA programming, though he doesn't stand at ringside during their matches like most other managers.Once they were deemed ready for competition, <mask> billed them as "The Newly Franchised Naturals". On the December 21 episode of Impact! after The Naturals lost to Team 3D in a tables match, a fed up <mask> turned his back on them, claiming that his experiment was over. Despite the failed "experiment", prior to the departure of The Naturals from TNA, Chase Stevens was featured in a match on the pre-show of the Final Resolution pay-per-view in 2007. During the match, Stevens wore the gold-and-black "Franchised" Naturals attire. <mask> came out after his match to heatedly confront Stevens about wearing his colors, leading to an in-ring confrontation between the two. After the angle was dropped, <mask> remained completely unseen on TNA programming.On October 10, 2007, TNA announced that <mask> was released from his TNA

masks:
Andy Douglas
Shane
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas


texts:
 contract. Feud with Christopher Daniels (2009)

On the May 28, 2009 episode of Impact!, <mask> returned to TNA and attacked Christopher Daniels after his match with A.J. Styles. The following week on Impact!, <mask> again attacked Daniels during his match before subsequently stating that he wanted a second chance in TNA like Daniels received, after the latter was, in storyline, fired from TNA. He was granted a second chance on the June 11 episode of Impact!, where he was given a match with A.J. Styles which he lost, only to attack Styles after the match. Daniels would come out to help Styles, only to have <mask> hit him with a towel containing a pair of handcuffs.At the Slammiversary pay-per-view, <mask> lost to Daniels in a second chance match, resulting in Daniels retaining his spot on the TNA roster. Following the match, <mask> left TNA once again, although asked by TNA to participate in their ECW reunion show Hardcore Justice, he refused the invitation. Return to the independent circuit (2009–present)
On March 13, 2009, <mask> returned to the National Wrestling Alliance for the first time since he dropped the NWA World Heavyweight Champioionship in 15 years, wrestling for the On Fire territory in a singles match, and defeating ECW alumnus Little Guido. In 2012, <mask> announced that he would take part in Extreme Reunion, an event consisting of former ECW Originals. It was the first in a series of three events. The event was held on April 28 in the National Guard Armory of Philadelphia. The second event, Extreme Rising, was held on June 29 in New York and on June 30 in Philadelphia.There was a third show promoted by the same group,

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts:
 held on November 17 in Pittsburgh called "Extreme Rising Remember November". In the main event <mask> wrestled Matt Hardy to a no-contest. On March 24, 2017, at a Pro Wrestling All-Stars of Detroit event, <mask> defeated The Great Akuma in Melvindale, Michigan, to become the Pro Wrestling All-Stars Heavyweight Champion. On April 21, <mask> defeated Paul Bowser by countout in an "Extreme Rules" match to successfully defend the title. He lost the title on May 12, 2017, when Breyer Wellington beat <mask>, Paul Bowser, and Atlas Hytower in a Fatal Four-Way match. On May 13, 2017, at XICW "Best In Detroit 20" in Clinton Township, Michigan, <mask> beat Joe Coleman to become the XICW Xtreme Intense Champion. On March 3, 2018, at World BigTime Wrestlings' "Extreme Warfare" in Lucas County, Ohio, <mask> defeated Shawn Blaze for the WBW Heavyweight Championship.He lost the belt back to Blaze on May 5, 2018, after the WBW commissioner interfered with the match. <mask> also feuded with Bobby Fulton, squaring off against the former Fantastic in a series of hardcore matches. On March 11, 2018, at XICW "March Madness & Mayhem" in Fraser, Michigan, <mask> lost the XICW Xtreme Intense Title to Kongo Kong. Promoting
<mask> was a promoter for the Xtreme Pro Wrestling promotion. Under his promotion, XPW moved from California to Philadelphia and featured many former ECW stars. In mid-2005, <mask> conceived and, alongside Jeremy Borash, promoted and booked Hardcore Homecoming, a series of Extreme Championship Wrestling reunion events. The first event occurred on June 10, two days before World Wrestling Entertainment's own ECW reunion show, ECW One Night

masks:
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Shane Douglas
Douglas
Douglas


texts:
 Stand.The final show occurred on November 5. On April 9, 2009, it was announced that Martin and Nite Owl Production were to promote a follow up to Hardcore Homecoming called November to Remember: The Final Chair Shot. Originally, the event was to occur in 2008 on the anniversary of the original Hardcore Homecoming event, but the date was rescheduled to coincide with an American Cancer Society charity event hosted by <mask>' former valet Francine. <mask> was scheduled to headline the Extreme Reunion event scheduled for April 28, 2012. Unbeknownst to WWE, <mask> appeared in the audience on the March 19, 2012 episode of Raw to promote the event, but was escorted out of the arena by security after causing a disturbance. Personal life
In 1993 during his first stint with World Championship Wrestling, he began teaching emotional support classes, economics, and the history of the United States at a high school. While not wrestling, Martin works as a motivational speaker.Martin married Michelle Burke on August 17, 1987. They divorced on November 24, 1994. Five years later, Martin married Carla Marie Reeves on August 13, 1999. Their first son, Connor, was born in April 2001, and their second son, Caden Andrew, was born on December 6, 2005. Soon after his second son was born, Martin checked himself into a drug rehabilitation program due to a painkiller addiction. Since 2006, Martin has remained drug-free. He discussed this on Steve Austin's podcast during a two-part episode in April 2015.Martin and his wife divorced in 2017. Martin produced, choreographed and played himself in the 2013 film Pro Wrestlers vs Zombies. In July 2016, Martin was named

masks: Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts:
 part of a class action lawsuit filed against WWE which alleged that wrestlers incurred traumatic brain injuries during their tenure and that the company concealed the risks of injury. The suit was litigated by attorney Konstantine Kyros, who has been involved in a number of other lawsuits against WWE. The lawsuit was dismissed by US District Judge Vanessa Lynne Bryant in September 2018. During his second reign, the promotion was renamed Extreme Championship Wrestling. <mask> held the title an additional two times after these events.Luchas de Apuestas record

Notes

See also
 Extreme Rising
 NWA World Title Tournament
 The Revolution
 The Triple Threat

References

<mask> F.A.Q. Solie's title histories
Interview
Interview

External links

1964 births
American color commentators
American male professional wrestlers
Bethany College (West Virginia) alumni
ECW Heavyweight Champions/ECW World Heavyweight Champions
ECW World Television Champions
Living people
NWA/WCW/WWE United States Heavyweight Champions
NWA World Heavyweight Champions
People from New Brighton, Pennsylvania
Professional wrestlers from Pennsylvania
Professional wrestling announcers
Professional wrestling promoters
Sportspeople from Pittsburgh
The Dangerous Alliance members
WWF/WWE Intercontinental

masks:
Douglas
Shane Douglas


texts:
<mask> (born 19 July 1963) is a Swiss banker who has been serving as a vice chairman of BlackRock since 2012. <mask> was the head of the Swiss central bank, the Swiss National Bank (SNB), from 2010 until he resigned on 9 January 2012 after controversy surrounding his wife's currency trading. He had been a member of the central bank's governing board since 2003. Early life and education
<mask> attended the University of Toronto, Oxford University's Lincoln College, and the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva. He was part of a group of students that helped out during the Annual Meetings of the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. There, he met leading international government officials and bankers. Career in the private sector
In 1994 <mask> began his professional career at WEF.He subsequently worked at Moore Capital Management, a hedge fund in New York and London, where he met his wife. He then worked as head of hedge funds for Union Bancaire Privée in Geneva and Vontobel in Zurich. Career at the SNB
<mask> was said to be the "youngest ever policy maker" when he joined the SNB in 2003. Prior to his resignation from the SNB, <mask> was a member of the board of directors of the Bank for International Settlements in Basel, as well as vice-chairman of the Financial Stability Board. From 2008, he was a member of the Group of Thirty. Controversy around the 2009/2010 exchange rate interventions
<mask> was attacked after losses arising from SNB's exchange rate interventions between March 2009 and June 2010. In this period, the SNB accumulated foreign currency reserves worth over 200 billion Swiss francs (Codes: CHF, SFr).As the Swiss franc has appreciated, the interventions caused losses on SNB foreign currency positions equivalent to 26.5 billion Swiss francs in 2010 and 11.7 billion Swiss francs in the first six months of 2011. The SNB has defended these interventions as they made

masks:
Philipp Michael Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Hildebrand


texts:
 “sense at the zero lower bound when the traditional monetary policy instrument is exhausted”. Some international press and financial market analysts considered the interventions a “costly failure”. The People's Party (Schweizerische Volkspartei (SVP) / Union Démocratique du Centre (UDC)) and the magazine Weltwoche were critics of <mask>, demanding his resignation. Prominent figures of other parties supported <mask> and emphasized the political independence of the SNB. In an article titled “With Unsteady Hand”, Switzerland's major business magazine Bilanz criticized Mr. <mask>'s leadership of SNB, citing his limited experience and saying that Mr. <mask>'s actions in large parts seem to be the result of his eagerness to appeal to the public. Pegging of the Swiss Franc to the Euro since 6 September 2011
<mask> is considered a driving force behind the pegging of the Swiss Franc to the Euro announced on 6 September 2011.The central bank commits to undertake transactions to cap the value of the franc against the euro at a maximum of 1.20. In early August, the euro fell to near parity, at 1.00749, against the franc. After initial cautious reactions by analysts, the decision of the Swiss National Bank to aim to keep the Swiss Franc: Euro rate above 1.20 is considered to have been a success. 2011 personal foreign exchange trading and resignation
In August, 2011, <mask>'s wife Kashya made a CHF 60,000 ($64,400) profit on a currency transaction. At the time, <mask> reported the transaction to the SNB and moved to prevent future such trades with Bank Sarasin. His wife asserted her independent finance and banking experience as the basis for the "almost ridiculously cheap" trade. In January, 2012, <mask> denied accusations of insider trading in relation to the transaction, resisted calls for his resignation and called the coverage "a smear campaign".He said that his political foes endangered the secrecy laws and

masks:
Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Hildebrand
Philipp Hildebrand
Hildebrand


texts: "the interests of Switzerland" with the accusations. "I made mistakes" in not canceling the trade, which profited from the SNB's decision to intervene in the currency markets two days later "but I always acted in line with the rules", he said. The profit in the later report was said to be CHF 75,000. A whistleblower alleged to have released the information about the trade has been fired and faces criminal investigations under Swiss banking secrecy laws. Kashya, who runs an art gallery in Zurich and previously traded currencies, made two other transactions – the three totaled $2 million principal amount – but the other two "didn’t break central bank rules because they were more than six months apart". <mask> "told reporters he had donated all profits made from ... currency deals to a Swiss charitable organization [and] ... said the Swiss central bank’s rules already meet European standards. Germany’s ... Handelsblatt newspaper questioned this.'If <mask> had been the guardian of the euro, and not the franc, then the European Central Bank’s rules would have given [him] no other option but to resign', the paper wrote." The whistleblower was reported to have given the trade information to Christoph Blocher, vice president of the SVP, and Blocher was one of the lead voices calling for <mask>'s resignation after the disclosure. Die Zeit in a strongly worded commentary downplayed any wrongdoing on <mask>'s part, stressing the evidence was "stolen" and the resignation came only "to maintain credibility" of SNB. <mask> announced his resignation on January 9, 2012 stating that “Credibility is a central banker’s most valuable asset,” and that the accusations came “during a time when total focus is needed on the duties.”  He also resigned his posts at the Bank for International Settlements and the International Monetary Fund. He issued a statement that included copies of E-Mails between his wife, himself, and his

masks: Philipp Hildebrand Hildebrand Hildebrand Hildebrand


texts:
 banker, showing that he was aware of the controversial trade shortly after the order had been given by his wife, but failed to request that it be immediately cancelled. <mask> was succeeded by vice chairman and interim SNB head Thomas Jordan. On 7 March an independent audit by KPMG of financial transactions by all members of the governing board of the bank found no breach of regulations occurred.Later career
In 2012, <mask> served as a senior visiting fellow at Oxford University’s Blavatnik School of Government. In 2020, the Swiss government nominated <mask> as its candidate to succeed Angel Gurría in the position of Secretary-General of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) for a five-year term. By February 2021, he withdrew his candidacy, citing insufficient levels of support among OECD member countries. Other activities
 Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford, Member of the International Advisory Board
 British Museum, Member of the Board of Trustees
 University of Toronto, Member of the International Leadership Council
 International Monetary Fund (IMF), Member of the Board of Governors (2010–2012)

Recognition
 2011 – "Central Bank Governor of the Year 2012", awarded by The Banker

Personal life
<mask> was a member of the Swiss national swimming team in the 1980s, and he was Swiss national champion in 1983 and 1984. His partner is Margarita Louis-Dreyfus, the Russian-born Swiss billionaire businesswoman, chairman of Louis Dreyfus and the former owner of Olympique de Marseille football team. On 4 January 2016, it was announced that she is pregnant with twin girls, and is due to give birth in early April. Isabella and Arina were born on 20 March 2016.References

1963 births
Living people
Chairmen of the Board of Swiss National Bank
Swiss male swimmers
University of Toronto alumni
Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies alumni
Group of

masks: Hildebrand Hildebrand Hildebrand Hildebrand


texts:
<mask> (born 8 July 1954) is an English journalist, television presenter and author. He is a regular columnist for The Times and the author of Paddling to Jerusalem: An Aquatic Tour of Our Small Country (2000), Voodoo Histories: the role of Conspiracy Theory in Modern History (2009) and Party Animals: My Family and Other Communists (2016). He won the Orwell Prize for political journalism in 2001, and the What the Papers Say "Columnist of the Year" award for 2003. He previously wrote for The Independent and The Guardian. Early life and education
Aaronovitch is the son of communist intellectual and economist <mask>, and brother of actor <mask> and author and screenwriter <mask>. His parents were atheists whose "faith was Marxism", according to Aaronovitch, and he is ethnically half Jewish and half Irish. He has written that he was brought up "to react to wealth with a puritanical pout".Aaronovitch attended Gospel Oak Primary School until 1965, Holloway County Comprehensive (now Holloway School) until 1968, and William Ellis School from 1968 to 1972, all in London. He studied Modern History at Balliol College, Oxford. Aaronovitch completed his education at the Victoria University of Manchester, graduating in 1978 with a 2:1 BA (Hons) in History. While at Manchester, Aaronovitch was a member of the 1975 University Challenge team that lost in the first round after answering most questions with the name of a Marxist ("Trotsky", "Lenin", "Karl Marx" or "Che Guevara"). The tactics were a protest against the fact that the University of Oxford and Cambridge University were allowed to enter each of their colleges into the contest as a separate team, even though the colleges were

masks:
David Morris Aaronovitch
Sam Aaronovitch
Owen Aaronovitch
Ben Aaronovitch


texts:
 not universities in themselves. <mask> was initially a Eurocommunist, and was active in the National Union of Students (NUS). There he got to know the president at the time, Charles Clarke, who later became Home Secretary.<mask> himself succeeded Trevor Phillips as president of the NUS from 1980 to 1982. He was elected on a Left Alliance ticket. Career in journalism
Aaranovitch began his media career in the early 1980s as a television researcher and later producer for the ITV programme Weekend World. In 1988, he began working at the BBC as founding editor of the political current affairs programme On the Record. He moved to print journalism in 1995, working for The Independent and Independent on Sunday as chief leader writer, television critic, parliamentary sketch writer and columnist until the end of 2002. He began contributing to The Guardian and The Observer in 2003 as a columnist and feature writer. <mask>'s columns appeared in The Guardians G2 section.His desire for his pieces to appear on the main comment pages, according to Peter Wilby, was reportedly vetoed by the section editor, Seumas Milne, although <mask> himself does not know if Milne was involved in the decision. Since June 2005, he has written a regular column for The Times. He has also been a columnist for The Jewish Chronicle. In addition, <mask> has written for a variety of other major British news and opinion publications, such as the New Statesman. In addition, he has written for New Humanist, and is an "honorary associate" of its publisher, the Rationalist Association. <mask> also presents or contributes to radio and television programmes, including the BBC's Have I Got News for You and BBC News

masks: Aaronovitch Aaronovitch Aaronovitch Aaronovitch Aaronovitch Aaronovitch


texts:
 24. In 2004 he presented The Norman Way, a three-part BBC Radio 4 documentary looking at régime change in 1066.<mask> also hosted the BBC series The Blair Years (2007), which examined the prime ministership of Tony Blair. Some journalists were unimpressed with Aaronovitch or dismissed the series. Political views
<mask> gave strong support for the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Since the invasion he has taken the view that it liberated Iraqis, and has played down the significance of Iraq's putative weapons of mass destruction. However, he wrote in 2003: "If nothing is eventually found, I – as a supporter of the war – will never believe another thing that I am told by our government, or that of the US ever again. And, more to the point, neither will anyone else. Those weapons had better be there somewhere."On 7 September 2018, he labelled people who ask him about the article "lamebrains". He remains a strong supporter of former Prime Minister Tony Blair.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://blogs.spectator.co.uk/coffeehouse/2013/09/david-aaronovitch-syria-vote-shows-ed-miliband-is-a-vulture-not-a-leader/|title=<mask>itch: Syria vote shows Ed Miliband is a 'vulture' not a eader'|last=Nelson|first=Fraser|work=The Spectator|date=5 September 2013}}</ref>

In late 2005, Aaronovitch was co-author, with Oliver Kamm and journalist Francis Wheen, of a complaint to The Guardian, after it published an apology to Noam Chomsky for an interview by Emma Brockes, in which she asserted that Chomsky had denied the Srebrenica massacre.Brockes, Emma (31 October 2005). "The Greatest Intellectual? ", The Guardian (London); the background was that Chomsky complained that Brockes' article was defamatory in

masks:
Aaronovitch
Aaronovitch
David Aaronov


texts:
 implying he denied the fact of the Srebrenica massacre of 1995. The article has since been withdrawn from the Guardian's website, but, as Chomsky is opposed to censorship, it remains available on the official Chomsky website  Chomsky.info  A Guardian readers' editor found that the newspaper had misrepresented Chomsky's position on the Srebrenica massacre, and that judgement was upheld in May 2006 by an external ombudsman, John Willis. In his column of 5 September 2013, Aaronovitch criticised the Labour leader Ed Miliband for providing no alternative to military intervention in Syria, after the use of chemical weapons in the Ghouta attacks of 21 August 2013. For Aaronovitch, "politically [Miliband] is not a presence at all, he is an absence" and "is neither hunter nor prey, he is scavenger.He is a political vulture." During 2013, Aaronovitch became the chairman of the human rights organisation Index on Censorship, succeeding Jonathan Dimbleby in the role. In May 2014, he criticised Glenn Greenwald's involvement in the Edward Snowden NSA revelations, and characterised Greenwald as "a stilted writer of overlong, dishonest and repetitive polemics." In August 2014, Aaronovitch was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to The Guardian expressing their hope that Scotland would vote to remain part of the United Kingdom in September's referendum on that issue.Peter Dominiczak "Sir Mick Jagger joins 200 public figures calling for Scotland to stay in the UK", The Sunday Telegraph, 10 August 2014;

In 2016, he endorsed the United Kingdom's continued membership of the European Union in the 23 June referendum. Aaronovitch later said that Brexit would eventually


texts:
 be reversed as the number of older voters, who typically voted for Britain to leave the European Union, gradually die. Personal life

Aaronovitch lives in London with his wife and three daughters. He is a supporter of Tottenham Hotspur Football Club.Works Paddling to Jerusalem: An Aquatic Tour of Our Small Country (Fourth Estate, 2000) No Excuses for Terror, a 45-minute documentary film that "criticizes how the anti-Israel views of the far-left and far-right have permeated the mainstream media and political discourse. "Blaming the Jews, a 45-minute documentary film that evaluates anti-Semitism in Arab media and culture.God and the Politicians, 28 September 2005, a documentary film that looks at the important question of the increasing religious influence on politics in the UKVoodoo Histories: The Role of Conspiracy Theory in Shaping Modern History, Jonathan Cape, 2009,  Published in the US in 2010 by Riverhead Books, Party Animals: My Family and Other Communists''. Jonathan Cape, 2016. References

External links

<mask> on Twitter
<mask>vitch's Guardian; columns
 <mask> column in The Times

Interview with Aaronovitch on "New Books in History"
<mask>itch blog

1954 births
Living people
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
Alumni of the Victoria University of Manchester
BBC newsreaders and journalists
Contestants on University Challenge
Critics of conspiracy theories
English columnists
English communists
English humanists
English male journalists
English people of Irish descent
English people of Jewish descent
Former Marxists
People educated at Holloway School
People educated at William Ellis School
People from Hampstead
Presidents of the National Union of Students (United

masks:
David Aaronovitch
David Aaromo
David Aaronovitch
David Aaronov


texts:
<mask> (born July 19, 1987) is a retired Canadian ice hockey left winger. He most recently played for the Jacksonville Icemen of the ECHL. Marquardt was selected by the Columbus Blue Jackets in the 7th Round (194th Overall) of the 2006 NHL Entry Draft. Playing career

Major junior
A native of North Bay, Ontario, Marquardt wasn't selected in his Ontario Hockey League (OHL) draft year. Instead, Moncton Wildcats head coach, Ted Nolan, enticed him to come east and play in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL), for the 2005–06 season. The Wildcats couldn't be happier, as Marquardt improved and garnered more ice time as the season progressed, finishing with 25 points, 16 of which were goals. The bruiser was one of the team's many unsung heroes during the 2006 Memorial Cup tournament.With the departure of several high-end prospects to a variety of AHL destinations, and coach Nolan to the National Hockey League (NHL), Marquardt had an unexpected surge in offensive production, in his second season with Moncton. He was top on the team in both goals and total points. 19 of his 41 goals that season, came while on the powerplay. After beginning the 2007–08 season with Moncton, he was traded at the deadline to the Baie-Comeau Drakkar. Marquardt registered a career-high 43 goals, split between his time at Moncton and Baie-Comeau, during the regular season. Baie-Comeau would be eliminated in the opening round of the 2008 Memorial Cup playoffs, by Rimouski Océanic. Professional
On May 27, 2008, his rights were traded from Columbus to the Boston Bruins, in exchange for defenceman Jonathan Sigalet Two days later, Marquardt signed a 3-year NHL Entry Level contract with the Bruins, on May


texts: 29.<mask> was assigned to Boston's AHL affiliates, the Providence Bruins, for the 2008–09 season. He made his professional debut on October 8, 2008, in a game against the Lowell Devils. His first professional season with Providence saw Marquardt appear in 71 regular season games, finishing with 22 points. He would also record 9 postseason contests, appearing in the 2009 Calder Cup Playoffs. He registered his first pro playoff assist and first goal, on May 13, and May 16, 2009, respectively. Providence were eliminated in the Conference finals, by eventual champions, the Hershey Bears. During the 2009–10 season, Marquardt was briefly assigned to Providence's ECHL affiliation, the Reading Royals, on December 29, 2009.He played in 3 games for the Royals, scoring one goal and tallying one assist. He was later recalled by Providence, on January 8, 2010. Marquardt would be reassigned back to the Royals again on February 25, playing in a further 6 games, adding another assist. On March 2, his rights were traded from Boston to the Edmonton Oilers, in exchange for Cody Wild. Marquardt transferred teams accordingly, and made his debut with the Springfield Falcons, playing in 4 games. He would later be assigned to the Falcons' ECHL affiliates, the Stockton Thunder on March 23, playing in 7 regular season contests, scoring one goal and tallying one assist. He would go on to play in the Thunder's postseason, playing in the 2010 Kelly Cup playoffs, Marquardt played in 15 games, collecting 10 points.Stockton were eliminated in the Conference finals by the Idaho Steelheads. On September 20, following a four-day stint at the 2010 Edmonton Oilers training camp, Marquardt was assigned to the


texts: Oilers' new AHL affiliate team, the Oklahoma City Barons, for the 2010–11 season. The 2011–12 season found Marquardt in the ECHL full-time, spending the first half of the season with the Bakersfield Condors, with whom he signed a contract on October 2. He was traded to the Florida Everblades on January 6, 2012 for Josh Van Dyk. The move would prove fortuitous for Florida, as Marquardt would assist the team in winning the Kelly Cup in the playoffs. Marquardt scored game-winning goals in Games 3 and 4, and a series winning overtime goal in Game 5 of the Kelly Cup Finals against the Las Vegas Wranglers. On September 2, 2014, after 6 seasons in the North American minor leagues, Marquardt pursued a career abroad in signing a one-year contract with German club, ESV Kaufbeuren of the DEL2.Marquardt played in 37 contests in Germany for 20 points before returning mid-season in January 2015, to ECHL to play again with the Florida Everblades, helping push team to finish 2 points from first overall and win the Eastern Divisional title. In the 2014–15 season with the Everblades, Marquardt was also named an Alternate Captain of the club and led the league in ECHL for shootout goal percentage 5 for 5 for 100% and shootout game winning goals. In 2015 surpassed 500 games as a professional player. On August 24, 2015, Marquardt re-signed with the Everblades for his fourth season with the club. As a free agent the following season, Marquardt left for a second tenure abroad, signing a one-year deal with English-based EIHL club, the Coventry Blaze on July 13, 2016. Marquardt departed Coventry after one season, in May 2017. After his departure from the Blaze, Marquardt stayed in the UK to sign for


texts:
 fellow Elite Ice Hockey League side Sheffield Steelers ahead of the 2017–18 season.In late July 2018, Marquardt moved to fellow EIHL side Dundee Stars where he will be player/assistant coach. On May 10, 2019, it was confirmed that he had re-signed to Dundee Stars for the 2019–20 season, captaining the team in addition to his role as player/assistant coach. Following the suspension of the 2020–21 Elite League season due to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, Marquardt ended his four-year stay in the UK and returned to the ECHL to sign for Norfolk Admirals on September 24, 2020. However, with Norfolk pulling out of the 2020–21 ECHL season, Marquardt instead signed for fellow ECHL side Jacksonville Icemen on November 20, 2020. Marquardt retired in 2021, taking up an assistant coach role with the Western Hockey League (WHL)'s Seattle Thunderbirds. Personal
Marquardt's younger brother Cory, a former hockey player in his own right, is a country singer. Career statistics

Awards and honours

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
Baie-Comeau Drakkar players
Bakersfield Condors (1998–2015) players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Charlotte Checkers (2010–) players
Coventry Blaze players
Dundee Stars players
Florida Everblades players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Jacksonville Icemen players
ESV Kaufbeuren players
Moncton Wildcats players
Oklahoma City Barons players
Providence Bruins players
Reading Royals players
Sheffield Steelers players
Sportspeople from North Bay, Ontario
Springfield Falcons players
Stockton Thunder players
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in England
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Scotland
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in


texts:
<mask>avish Street and the McTavish Reservoir in Montreal are named for him. His home and monument in the Golden Square Mile were longstanding landmarks in Montreal. Renowned for his generosity, when the Chief of the Clan MacTavish had fallen on hard times and was forced to sell their seat, Dunardry, McTavish bought it back for the clan and gave his eldest son employment in Montreal. Highlands Background
In 1751, <mask> was born at Stratherrick in the Scottish Highlands, the son of John McTavish (1701–1774), tacksman of Garthbeg, who bore the arms of the McTavishes of Garthbeg. His mother, Mary Fraser (1716–1770) of Garthmore, was descended through <mask> of Dunchea and the Frasers of Foyers, from an illegitimate son of the 1st Lord Lovat.McTavish's father had fought as an officer with the Jacobite armies at the Battles of Culloden and Falkirk Muir, and he was one of the few who were specifically named as to not receive a pardon from George II after the Jacobites were defeated. In 1757, General <mask> of Lovat appointed John McTavish a Lieutenant in his newly raised 78th Fraser Highlanders. Apparently changing his name to 'Fraser' so as to escape the authorities, <mask>'s father went with the regiment to Nova Scotia and fought for the British at the Battle of Louisburg, where he was severely wounded and left. Unable to fight at the Battle of Quebec, he was only well enough to be sent home "as an act of charity to him and his family" in 1761. <mask>'s two elder brothers were taken into the care of their father's friend, Dugald MacTavish of Dunardry, Chief of the Clan MacTavish, and in 1764, at the age of thirteen, young <mask> was sent to New York with his sister and her husband, Hugh Fraser (1730-1814) of Brightmoney, Captain in the 78th Fraser Highlanders.

masks:
Simon McTavishT
Simon McTsh
Simon Fraser
Simon Fraser
Simon
Simon
Simon


texts:
 North American fur trade

Having found an apprenticeship with a Scots merchant at New York, McTavish recognized the opportunities offered by the fur trade. By 1769, he was working for himself and in 1772 he went into partnership with William Edgar (1736-1820) at Detroit.In the Niagara Region, it was said he started trading in deerskins and muskrats, and only later became involved with the more valuable furs. Over the next few years, McTavish prospered in the trading of furs, and in 1773, with a new partner, James Bannerman, he extended his operations to Grand Portage on Lake Superior. At that important fur trade rendezvous, while other American traders concentrated on the south and west, McTavish understood that he would have access to fur pelts that were found in much greater quantity and were of better quality in the colder climate north west of the Great Lakes. Although at the time the Hudson's Bay Company controlled the prime north-westerly areas for fur trapping, there was still a relatively lucrative route from Montreal westward via the Ottawa River and out across Georgian Bay and the Great Lakes Region and into Manitoba. Most of the trade at Grand Portage went through Montreal. In 1775–76, McTavish had the great fortune to winter at Detroit, well stocked with trade goods for the next season, he made an expedition with George McBeath. The American Continental Army occupied Montreal that winter, preventing the Montreal traders from getting their goods to Grand Portage in the summer of 1776.This enabled McTavish, with little competition, to obtain furs which he valued at £15,000 and took to England to sell in a high market. Montreal

In the meantime, the Americans had withdrawn from Quebec, and <mask> transferred his operations to Montreal. He


texts: continued to trade on his own through the Revolutionary War, supplying goods both at Grand Portage and Detroit, and speculating in rum for the British soldiers at Detroit and Niagara. By the end of the war, he was able to put together a group of business investors and trapper/explorers to create the North West Company. With the Frobisher brothers he owned 37.5% of the company's shares and upon the death of Benjamin Frobisher in 1787 McTavish became the man in charge of the business. A restructuring of the company a few months later saw the shrewd McTavish gain control of eleven of the company's twenty shares. Most important, he was managing partner of a new Montreal firm, McTavish, Frobisher and Company, which imported the North West Company's goods and forwarded its furs to the London market, taking commissions on all transactions.The vertical integration of the business was extended in 1792, when the firm of McTavish, Fraser and Company was established in London itself, to procure the trade goods at source and sell the furs. From his headquarters in Montreal, over the next sixteen years McTavish built a business empire that stretched from the Labrador coast to the Rocky Mountains and in the process made himself a wealthy man. As the fur trade expanded across Rupert's Land, the HBC's financial dominance allowed them to take the advantage. The HBC had rejected the Nor’Westers’ request for the right to bring in goods via Hudson Bay, so at a great cost of £45,000 McTavish sent two expeditions to establish footholds for the NWC. These actions did not bring the desired effect and the NWC also failed in receiving a charter from the British government, leaving just one alternative — an attempt to purchase a majority of the shares in the HBC. During his time in


texts:
 Britain, <mask>sh had befriended the chief of Clan MacTavish, and on the chief's death, <mask> brought one of the sons into the North West Company. In 1799, McTavish did something that gave him great personal satisfaction: the acquisition of the Dunardary estate in North Knapdale, Argyll, which had been the ancestral home for the heads of the McTavish (MacTavish) clan for several hundred years.Although <mask>'s own family had been closely associated with clan Fraser, it is believed that his ancestors were a branch of the McTavish clan of Dunardary, who had settled in Stratherrick some generations before. As an astute businessman with great vision, McTavish recognized the need for industrialization of Montreal and that need presented opportunities to make more money. In 1802 he purchased the seigneury of Terrebonne where he built two modern flour-mills and a bakery and established a sawmill, encouraging other entrepreneurs to begin the manufacturing of wooden barrels. Dunardry and the Chiefs of Clan MacTavish

In 1782, <mask>'s father's friend and the guardian of <mask>'s two elder brothers, Dugald MacTavish, former Lieutenant in the 3rd Foot Guards and the 18th Laird of Dunardry, died. In 1785, Dugald's son and heir, Lachlan, was forced to sell the Dunardry estate, which had for many centuries been the ancestral home of the Chiefs of Clan MacTavish. As mentioned, Lachlan had grown up with <mask>'s brothers and he and <mask> had become good friends over the course of <mask>'s many trips to Britain. Since the sale of Dunardry, <mask> had pledged to his friend that he would assist him in buying back the estate, as soon as he "could with conveniency spare the money".Two years after <mask> learnt of the death in 1796 of his "poor old friend Dunardry" (Lachlan),

masks:
Simon McTavi
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon


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 he lived up to his word and paid £6,000 to restore his clan's honour and bring Dunardry back to the rightful Chiefs. Though in name <mask> had become 'of Dunardry', there was no personal gain attached to this for <mask> and he viewed the purchase as an "hobby-horse". Unfortunately, <mask>'s magnanimous gesture by the purchase of Dunardry became something of a burden to Lachlan's son as his own sons showed no interest in the running of the estate. They continued to acknowledge how very grateful they were to <mask>, but as the property had ceased to be profitable, they were not eager to take ownership of the estate. As such, <mask>'s sons, who both died young, had been styled 'of Dunardry', even though they too had no interest in the estate and never lived there. <mask>'s friend, Lachlan MacTavish, had been succeeded as Chief by his son Dugald MacTavish (1782-1855), of Kilchrist Castle; Sheriff of Campbelltown. <mask>'s sons were well-known to him and waiving the customary cost, <mask> took Dugald's second son (John George MacTavish) into the North West Company, where he became a member of the Beaver Club.When the NWC later merged with the Hudson's Bay Company, John continued to work for them and was considered one of their top traders. John later changed the spelling of his name to 'McTavish' in order to match that of his benefactor's, <mask>'s. John's elder brother, William MacTavish, 21st Chief of the Clan, also entered the fur-trade, working for the HBC and becoming Governor of Rupert's Land and Assiniboia. The Chiefs of Clan MacTavish remained in Canada, and the present 27th Chief was born at Montreal in 1951. Family and Monument

In October, 1793, <mask> married Marie-Marguerite Chaboillez (b.1775), daughter of Charles Chaboillez, a founding member of

masks:
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon McTsh


texts:
 the Beaver Club. Directly after the marriage, they moved to London, where McTavish hoped to live permanently, but his new wife became depressed there and they returned to Montreal in the spring of 1795. The McTavishes had six children, four of whom lived to adulthood, but only one married.A monument stands to their four surviving children at Chiswick Parish Church:

<mask> (1796-1819). In 1817, at Marylebone Church, she married Major Charles Pasley (1781-1821), of Gloucester Place, Portman Square, London; nephew of Admiral Sir Thomas Pasley. His first cousin, Sir John Malcolm, had previously appointed him Chargé d'affaires to Fat′h-Ali Shah Qajar of Persia on the part of the Supreme Court of India. Mary was given away by her guardian and first cousin, <mask>. She died at Sidmouth, Devon. <mask> (1797-1818). On his father's death he inherited £20,000 and the disposition of 'MacTavish of Dunardry' while the estate  was still between his own family and that of the Chiefs MacTavish.He died unmarried at Stroud-on-the-Green, near Kew, the home of his mother and stepfather, Major Plenderleath. William was described as 'of Dunardry' in his death notice. <mask> (1800-1819), died unmarried at Bridport, Dorset. <mask> (1803-1828). He inherited the rights to Dunardry from his brother but like the MacTavishes was uninterested in any claim. He died unmarried at his mother and step-father's home near Ramsgate, Kent. <mask> died in Montreal in 1804, leaving an estate of £125,000.In his will he bequeathed funds to a number of friends and relatives as well as the Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal and the Grey Nuns' Hôpital général. McTavish Street, bordering the westerly side of McGill University was named in his honor, as was McTavish reservoir, just north of the university.

masks:
Mary McTavish
Simon McGillivray
William McTavish
Ann McTavish
Simon McTavish
Simon McTavish


texts:
 His McGillivray nephews organised his funeral, settled his will and built a memorial for him within the grounds of his house on the slopes of Mount Royal. They built a twenty-foot column enclosed by a walled mausoleum, that once occupied a prominent place in Montreal's iconography. In 1942, rather than repair the monument that had greatly suffered the effects of time due to a lack of maintenance, it was replaced it with a 5-foot granite block. By McTavish's will, he instructed that all of his children were to be taken to England for their education, and Mrs McTavish accompanied them in 1806. At London, in 1808, she took for her second husband Major William Smith Plenderleath (1780-1845), the recognized illegitimate son and eventual heir of General Gabriel Christie, by his mistress Rachel Plenderleath.<mask> was related to many of the most important persons in the Canadian fur trade: William McGillivray, <mask> and Duncan McGillivray were his nephews; <mask>, John Fraser (his London agent) and Donald McTavish were his cousins; Angus Shaw and John MacDonald of Garth were his nephews-in-law. Through his wife, MacDonald was the brother-in-law of David Thompson. Sir Alexander Mackenzie was the cousin of Roderick Mackenzie of Terrebonne, brother-in-law of McTavish's wife. References

External links
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

 <mask> Papers at Rare Books and Special Collections, McGill University. 1750s births
1804 deaths
Canadian philanthropists
Canadian fur traders
North West Company people
People from Inverness
Pre-Confederation Canadian businesspeople
Pre-Confederation Quebec people
Scottish emigrants to pre-Confederation Quebec
Anglophone Quebec people
Explorers of North America
Explorers of the United States
18th-century

masks:
Simon McTavish
Simon McGillivray
Simon Fraser
Simon McTavish


texts:
<mask> (February 1877 –  19??) was a 19th-century outlaw who participated in the August 17, 1897 robbing of the McDonald County Bank in Pineville, Missouri. <mask>, who was compared at the time to the more prolific female outlaw Belle Starr, was one of only a handful of women who actively participated in the actual bank robbery process during that era. Background
Though <mask> claimed to be 28 at the time of the robbery, which would have put her birth in 1870, the 1880 U.S. Census listed her age as three, which would have meant she was born in 1877. In addition, the 1885 Kansas state census puts her birth year at about 1876 and the 1900 federal census, where she is listed as an inmate at a prison in Cole County, Missouri, lists her birth as being in February 1877. <mask> was born in Ohio to Union Army veteran Samuel C. and <mask>. She was the sixth of their seven children and their third and final daughter.In the 1880 census, Samuel (1841–1919) is listed as a cross tie maker and the family is listed as living in the Cedar township of Callaway County, Missouri. Between 1880 and 1885, <mask> died and the family moved from Missouri to Kansas, living in the Spring Hill Township of Johnson County and later Weir City. By August 17, 1897, <mask> had married and divorced one husband, James Russell, and had married her second husband, "Bud" Parker, just a month and a half earlier. At the time of her crime she was living on Parker's farm in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) not far from the Kansas state line. Plan
The plans for the robbery started on Bud Parker's farm near Nowata, Oklahoma, where he had recently brought his new bride, <mask>. <mask>'s brothers Al and William “Bill<mask> were living in the same area around this time and John Sheets, a 23-year-old from Missouri, was working on the Parker farm as a hired hand. It is likely the arrival of 31-year-old Albert Whitfield “Whit” Tennison, who drifted into the area that August, was the genesis for the bank robbery plan.Tennison claimed he

masks:
Cora Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Elizabeth Hubbard
Elizabeth Hubbard
Cora
Cora
Cora
” Hubbard


texts:
 had previous experience in bank robbing and soon had the group rallied around his idea. The McDonald County Bank was chosen because <mask> had previously lived in Pineville and knew its layout. <mask> drew up the map and Bud Parker, Sheets, Tennison and <mask> were designated to execute the plan. But, when the time came for it to be put into action, both Parker and <mask> backed out. <mask> then left with Sheets and Tennison and reportedly told her husband that she would not live with a “damn coward.”

On their way to Pineville, the three would-be bank robbers stopped in Coffeyville, Kansas so Sheets could buy a Winchester rifle  and ammunition. They then headed to <mask>'s father's home in Weir City. <mask> reported that when his daughter arrived she had her hair cut short and was dressed in men's clothing.After spending a couple days in Weir City, the group headed for Pineville, more than 60 miles away. The gang arrived in Pineville on August 16, 1897 and set up camp outside the town. The following morning, Sheets and Tennison went into town and checked out the layout and to make sure there were not any notable complications for their plan. Seeing none, they returned to the camp to get <mask>. Robbery
Sheets, Tennison and <mask> come into Pineville on the morning of August 17, 1897 and stopped about a block from the bank. <mask> was left to hold the gang's horses while Sheets and Tennison headed to the bank to carry out the robbery. Sheets and Tennison snuck around the corner of the bank and drew their weapons on three men sitting in front of the building, A.V.Manning, president of the bank; John W. Shields, Cashier; and Marcus N. LaMance, county treasurer. They reportedly told the three men, "we're here for the money and we want it damn quick." Sheets went into the bank with Manning and Shields, while Tennison stayed outside with LaMance to keep watch. Once inside the bank, Shields countered Sheets' demands and Sheets knocked him to the ground with his rifle. Sheets then ordered

masks:
Bill Hubbard
Bill Hubbard
Al Hubbard
Al Hubbard
Cora
Cora
Sam Hubbard
Cora
Cora
Hubbard


texts:
 Manning to hold a sack while Shields filled it with money. Shields filled it with all the coins and currency he could find, a total of $589.23 (the equivalent of $15,700 in 2009 on the Consumer Price Index scale). Once they had the cash, Sheets herded Shields and Manning out of the bank ahead of him.He and Tennison then moved them down the street in front of them in an effort to keep bystanders from shooting. By the time they reached where <mask> was waiting with the horses, Tennison had also taken Manning's $15 silver watch. Escape and capture
From the stable, Sheets, Tennyson and <mask> mounted up and headed to the northeast. A posse quickly formed in Pineville and followed the small gang. Meanwhile, the gang changed direction and headed around Pineville, but someone reported the change in town and it was telegraphed to Noel, Missouri, about five miles southwest of Pineville. That afternoon, a search party from Pineville got in front of fugitives and joined another posse from Noel at the crossing of Butler Creek to lie in ambush. When Tennison, Sheets and <mask> started to ride down a gulch toward the creek, the posse opened fire, wounding both Tennison and Sheets with buckshot, mortally wounding Sheet's horse and shooting <mask>'s revolver out of her hand.The gang returned fire, slightly wounding one deputy. Tennison's horse became frightened in the clash, running away and separating him from <mask> and Sheets. Sheets and <mask> turned their horses around and made their way out of the gulch before Sheets' horse collapsed and died. Tennison's horse was later found grazing not far from the scene, but the robber was not with it. The next day, a report of a man paying for his breakfast the next morning in Indian Territory, about 25 miles from Pineville, and paid for it in pennies, which coincided with the fact that many pennies had been taken in the robbery. A posse headed by Joe Yeargain of Southwest City, Missouri followed that tip and found Tennison wounded in a cabin 20 miles

masks:
Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Cora Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard


texts: inside Indian Territory, he had a .45 Winchester, .45 revolver and $121.50 from the robbery. He was captured without incident and was taken to Neosho, Missouri, about 30 miles north of Pineville, where he was housed in the Newton County jail.From Tennison, the posse learned that <mask> and Sheets were from Weir City. Yeargain then headed the posse to that Kansas town. <mask> and Sheets had stolen a horse at gunpoint near where the shootout had happened, providing them both with a means to escape. They traveled 70 miles to Parsons, Kansas, from where <mask> took a train back to Weir City on the morning of August 21. Sheets promised to follow in a day or two, and from Weir City the pair planned to escape to Iowa. Shortly after <mask> returned to her father's home in Weir City the posse also arrived. City Marshal Jim Hatton went to her father's house under the ruse of borrowing his tar kettle and discovered <mask> there.As the posse was returning to the home to arrest her, they located <mask> and arrested him for his role in the robbery, which they had been informed of by Tennison. After taking <mask> to the city jail, they returned to the <mask> home, where <mask> answered the door and obediently put up her hands "like a child at play putting up its hands before a toy pistol." A later search of the <mask> home by Marshal Hatton turned up $161 buried in the vegetable garden, $25 in a hill of peppers and the additional $141 in a hill of potatoes. Also on the premises they found the men's clothes worn by <mask> during the holdup. In response to this find, McDonald County Sheriff Richard Jarrett and Shields, the back cashier, went to Weir City on August 26. While they were interrogating <mask>, John Sheets drove up unaware in a buggy and was quickly arrested. In his buggy they found an additional $91 and a .45-caliber six-shooter.Along with Sheets, <mask> was also arrested and taken back to Missouri because of his reluctance to cooperate with officers in their search for the loot.

masks:
Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Cora Hubbard
Cora
Bill Hubbard
Bill Hubbard
Hubbard
Cora
Hubbard
Cora Hubbard
Sam Hubbard
Sam Hubbard


texts:
 Conviction
Sam and <mask> were released at Pineville on August 28, the day of the preliminary hearing for the three bank robbers. <mask>, John Sheets and Whit Tennyson were bound over for trial and returned to the Newton County jail in Neosho. They were convicted of bank robbery in January 1898 and sentenced to the state prison at Jefferson City — <mask> and Sheets for 12 years each and Tennyson for 10. Missouri Governor Alexander Monroe Dockery commuted <mask>'s sentence the day after Christmas in 1904, and she was released on New Year's Day 1905. During her imprisonment, the one-time bank robber had let her hair grow out but had apparently done little else to enhance her feminine allure in the eyes of the reporter who described her at the time of her release as "short in stature with ... black eyes and a greasy dark complexion." Accomplices
Albert Whitfield Tennison was born in either September 1865 or on November 25, 1863 in Illinois.He is listed as married in the 1900 census, when he was in the custody of the Missouri State Penitentiary. In the 1910 census he is married to the former Emma Hogan, but had only been married to her for three years. He died on December 12, 1932 in Hudspeth County, Texas. John Sheets was born in Missouri in December 1876. He lived for a time in Weir City, Kansas before becoming a farm hand for Bud Parker, <mask>'s second husband. In the 1900 census, he is in the custody of the Missouri State Penitentiary and is listed as single. No additional information has been located on him.Bud Parker was a farmer with a farm near what is now Nowata, Oklahoma. Though he was initially part of the plan to rob the McDonald County Bank, he eventually backed out, to the scorn of his new bride. William "Bill<mask> was <mask>'s oldest brother who was born around 1865 in Ohio. He was the oldest child in the family and for a time lived in Pineville, Missouri and drew a plan of the town to aid in the robbery. He was arrested and later released. Albert "Al<mask> was another

masks:
Bill Hubbard
Cora Hubbard
Hubbard
Cora
Cora Hubbard
" Hubbard
Cora
" Hubbard


texts:
 of <mask>'s older brothers. He was born around 1871 in Ohio.He was living near the Parker farm when the robbery was planned and was originally planning to take part in the crime, but later backed out. Later life
Little is known about <mask> after her release from prison. She is listed as being divorced in the 1900 census, making it unlikely that she went back to her second husband, Bud Parker, after her release. But a small note in a Jefferson City newspaper did remark on her release in 1904. It said she had been employed as a seamstress during her incarceration and had been a model prisoner. Now proficient at sewing, she planned to seek employment in that line of work. Legacy
As one of only a handful of female bank robbers, <mask>'s legacy has survived, even though her known life of crime only included a single bank robbery.As soon as it was originally reported that one of the members of the gang was a woman, area headlines called her the "Second Belle Starr" and proclaimed "Female Bandit Rivals the Daring Deeds of Belle Starr and Kate Bender." Further enhancing this legacy is the only known photo of <mask>, which shows her dressed in the men's clothing she wore during the robbery and holding her rifle alongside co-conspirators Tennison and Sheets. In addition, <mask> had previously bragged about being a member of the Dalton Gang. Although this would seem unlikely since she would have been only 15 at the time that infamous gang was obliterated, a Colt .45 revolver with the name "Bob Dalton" etched on the handle and seven notches carved near the trigger guard was found in her father's home after her arrest. This seemed to substantiate her claims that she had been with the Dalton Gang in earlier years and that she had Bob Dalton's six-shooter. The notches were presumed to represent the number of men killed with the Colt. References

1877 births
American bank robbers
American outlaws
People from Columbus, Ohio
Outlaws of the American Old West
Year of death missing
People from

masks:
Cora
Cora
Cora Hubbard
Cora
Cora


texts:
<mask> () (16 December 177628 August 1827) was the father of composer and pianist <mask>. Family background
As the second child of <mask> and Katharina (née Baumann)  he was born in Nemesvölgy (today Edelstal, Austria), a village close to the Austrian border in the Kingdom of Hungary. His family was of Danube Swabian German descent. There are Germanic, Slavic and Magyar claims of the Liszt family. They lived in Márcz, Nagymarton and also Malacka, Kingdom of Hungary (today Marz, Mattersburg in Austria and Malacky in Slovakia). Georg was in service for the Hungarian Nikolaus II, Prince Esterházy and both he and his son, <mask>, were Hungarian citizens. The family lived mostly in the German-speaking parts of Hungary, which is why they had only rudimentary knowledge of Hungarian.Franz tried to learn the common tongue of his kingdom in the 1870s, but in spite of his great language skills he couldn't reach a fluent level. In his youth, <mask> changed his surname "List" to the spelling "Liszt", according to Hungarian pronunciation. In his lifetime, Latin, not Hungarian, was the administrative language of the multi-ethnic Kingdom of Hungary, hence the recorded Latinised name "<mask>us". After the great success of his son Franz, the father Georg also started to use the surname Liszt in the 1820s. Other family members also adapted this form, e.g. <mask>'s brother, Eduard, father of Franz von Liszt. Youth with musical career
As a teenager, Liszt played cello in the House of Eszterházy summer orchestra under the direction of Joseph Haydn.He was also an amateur pianist, and played the organ and violin and sang in a choir. His brother Eduard and one sister Barbara also showed great musical talents, as did their father Georg, who worked as an organist and played the piano and violin, but they had few

masks:
Adamus List
Franz Liszt
Georg Adam List
Adam
Adam
Adam
Adam


texts:
 resources for musical education other than within the family. After graduating from the Archigymnasium Regium Posoniense (today Gamča, Slovakia), in Pressburg (Pozsony, today's Bratislava), Liszt entered the Franciscan Order, but two years later, by his petition in 1797, was released from the order. He still kept a close relationship with the order, which probably gave him the inspiration to name his son Franz. Adult work life
An attempt by Liszt to continue as a student of philosophy at the University of Pozsony ended in the first year due to financial reasons. He had to look for a job, and in 1798 became a clerk at the Esterházy estate in Fraknóváralja (today Forchtenstein, Austria). After two years, Liszt was transferred to Kapuvár where he was missing the musical atmosphere at Kismarton (today Eisenstadt, Austria).He started to compose music and dedicate it to the Prince in order to be transferred back to the Western part of Sopron County. Only in 1805 did he finally succeed in getting a job at the court in Kismarton. The years in Kismarton were his happy years. In his spare time, he played cello in the orchestra led by Johann Nepomuk Hummel, the successor of Haydn, and had the opportunity to work with many musicians who came to Kismarton to perform, including Cherubini and Beethoven. This happy time ended when <mask> was transferred to the Esterházy estate of Doborján (today Raiding, Austria) in 1809, as an overseer of the herd of about 50,000 sheep (Rentmeister der Fürstlich Esterházyschen Schäferei). Doborján, only 30 miles from Kismarton, was a rather provincial place. Marriage
While visiting his father in Nagymarton (today Mattersburg, Austria) in the summer of 1810, <mask> met Anna Lager who had recently moved from Vienna to Nagymarton.Their marriage took place in the parish of

masks: Liszt Liszt


texts:
 Lók (today Unterfrauenhaid, Austria) on 11 January 1811. The only child of the couple, <mask>, was born on 22 October 1811. <mask>'s father Georg wrote to prince Esterházy in 1812 that <mask> had 3 more children, but there is no other documentation about this, and it seems unlikely. Raising Franz Liszt
At his house in Doborján, Liszt staged chamber concerts. When Franz was 5 and his musical genius revealed itself, when following his father's musical work, Liszt started to teach him music. When his fame grew, sponsors could finance private education in Vienna for the young Franz. Franz's father stayed close to his son throughout his travels to Vienna and Paris, where they settled in 1823.The purpose was to let Franz study at the famous Conservatoire de Paris, but Cherubini told them that foreigners weren't admitted. (Long after this piece of unintentional satire, Liszt would always scorn the conservatoires and their products). So Liszt continued to teach his son, with a rigid schedule of practising Bach and other composers on the piano, with transposition of fugues and other daily technique improving exercises. After resigning from the Esterhazys' service Liszt spent most of his time as the manager of his son's career, with tours in many European countries. Franz found his father's supervision quite demanding. (He may also have become the main breadwinner through giving lessons and concerts). Liszt was a skilful business manager.It is possible that the father wanted the opportunities for his son that service with the Esterhazys had blocked for him. Liszt secured him lessons with Paer (composition), Salieri (singing) and, mainly, Czerny (piano). Liszt had known Czerny and Beethoven from his own musical days. Through Czerny Liszt secured his son a meeting with Beethoven and Czerny seems to

masks:
Franz Liszt
Liszt
Adam


texts:
 have persuaded his master to go to a concert where the young man was playing. Franz was devastated by his father's death and withdrew to a monastery for a time. His mother, Anna Lager came to look after him in Paris where she remained until her death in the 1860s. He soon became an established performer and teacher who was able to introduce Chopin to the musical world on his arrival in Paris in 1830.The elder <mask> was the main influence on Franz in his early years, as both teacher and manager. Franz's full musical maturity was reached after his father died, when he heard the works of such composers as Mendelssohn, Schubert and Schumacher. The big influence on his performing style after his father's death came from his meetings with the forty-year-old Paganini. Though he always honoured the memory of <mask>, who had been accused by the French gutter press of exploiting the child prodigy, he never visited his grave at Boulogne-sur-Mer. The last time
Liszt died in 1827 in Boulogne-sur-Mer at the age of 50 when Franz was 15 years old. The two were staying at a retreat centre for Franz to rest after a physician's order; however, the father became fatally ill with typhoid fever, died, and was buried there. Franz composed a funeral piece for his father's funeral service.References

External links
 Complete genealogy of the Liszt family (flawed and plagiarized from the literature): pfarre-paudorf.com
Michael Lorenz: "An Unknown Grandmother of Liszt", Vienna 2012. Notes On the genealogy of Franz Liszt (based on the flawed secondary literature used in Professor Walker's biography of Liszt cited as reference 4 below): part 1 part 2
 Franz Liszt Timeline

People from Neusiedl am See District
1776 births
1827 deaths
Danube-Swabian people
Hungarian musicians
Hungarian people of German

masks:
Liszt
Adam Liszt


texts:
<mask> (Chinese: 王霏霏; born April 27, 1987),  also known professionally as Fei, is a Chinese singer and actress. She was a member of the South Korean girl group miss A from the group's debut in 2010 until its disbandment in 2017. She debuted as a solo artist in 2016 in Korea with the mini album "Fantasy". After departing Korea in 2018, Fei has since pursued her solo career in China. In the second half of 2021, Fei released her much-anticipated Chinese album "Fearless 不霏" which includes three singles and is produced independently by Wang Feifei Studio with Fei as the Executive Producer. Early life
Fei was born <mask> on April 27, 1987 in Haikou, Hainan, China. She displayed a talent for dancing at an early age and went to study dance at a school in Guangzhou, where JYP Entertainment recruited her in 2007.She later attended Seoul Institute of the Arts, alongside miss A member Jia. Prior to debuting in South Korea, Fei appeared in a dance audition show at Zhejiang TV in 2009 and became a member of the project group, Sisters, the Chinese version of the Wonder Girls. Sisters, however, was soon canceled due to member changes within the company. Career

2010–2017: miss A

In March 2010, Fei, with fellow members Jia and Suzy, formed the group miss A. The trio began promoting in China by releasing the song "Love Again" for Samsung Electronics' Samsung Beat Festival. The group was later joined by a fourth member, Min. The four-member girl group made their debut in South Korea in July 2010, under the management of JYP Entertainment, with the hit single "Bad Girl Good Girl."Over the next several years, the group released a series of successful albums and singles, including "I Don't Need a Man," "Hush," “Touch,” “Only You,” and “Good-bye Baby” etc. In addition to

masks:
Wang Feifei
Wang Feifei


texts:
 music, <mask> made her acting debut with cameo appearances in the KBS drama Dream High in 2011 and its sequel in 2012. In 2013, she appeared on the South Korean variety shows, MasterChef Korea Celebrity and Dancing with the Stars 3, in which she won second place and first place, respectively. She appeared on the Chinese reality show, If You Love, in 2014. That same year, she made a cameo appearance in the SBS drama Temptation, and contributed the song, "One Summer Night," featuring 2AM member Jo Kwon, to the soundtrack. In 2015, Fei was confirmed to star in the web drama Swan, alongside Nam Gyu-ri and Cho Min Sung. She was also confirmed to star in the Chinese movie, Select Game.. For miss A's mini album 'Colors' (Chinese version), Fei made an attempt to write lyrics for the songs "I Caught Ya" and "Stuck".After the departure of Jia in May 2016 and Min in November 2017, miss A disbanded in December 2017. In 2017, Billboard ranked miss A at number ten on their "Top 10 K-pop Girl Groups of the Past Decade" list. 2016–2017: Solo Career Debut
Fei made her solo singing debut in Korea on July 21, 2016, with the digital single "Fantasy". The title track “괜찮아 괜찮아 Fantasy” was ranked #14 on the 20 best K-pop songs of 2016 by Billboard magazine critics. Other tracks in the album include “Sweet Sexy Fei” and “One More Kiss”. 2018–present: Rising Popularity in China
On September 17, 2018, Fei collaborated with Gen Neo in the single "Will You Won't You". It was the first time Fei was involved in production works as a composer, lyricist, and singer.On December 8, 2018, Fei released another single, “Hello”, which features GOT7’s Jackson Wang. In the following January, <mask> confirmed that she had parted ways with JYP Entertainment in late 2018 after her contract

masks: Fei Fei


texts: expired. In January 2019, <mask> joined Youku's idol group survival show, All for One, as the dance coach and one of the judges. Her expertise, candidness and strict coaching style generated much buzz on China's social platforms Weibo and Bilibili. In June 2020, Fei joined the female celebrity idol group reality show Sisters Who Make Waves, which was themed around women's empowerment and self-actualization. It featured 30 female celebrities over 30 years old who must compete to debut in a seven-member girl group. The show became the most viewed and talked entertainment show in China in 2020, and Fei was one of the top contenders.Even though in the end, she didn't debut in the project girl group, in Weibo’s 2020 Entertainment White Paper, Fei was ranked no.1 among the 30 celebrity participants in soaring popularity. Following the success, Fei went on to join another popular variety show, I Am The Actor season 3, in December 2020. With the coach of Zhang Ziyi, Fei eventually made it into the final and won the award of "Bright Star". On August 12, 2021, Fei released "Stalker 窥探者", the title track of her much-anticipated Chinese album "Fearless 不霏", which is produced independently by Wang Feifei Studio with Fei as the Executive Producer. "Stalker" is a song that empowers women to fight against manipulation and gaslighting. After its release, the song's MV surpassed 12 million views on Weibo in less than 12 hours, and received many accolades and rave reviews. "Stalker" was ranked no.1 on the weekly Rising Popularity chart (2021.08.09 - 2021.08.15) at QQ Music, China's largest music streaming platform.On October 25, 2021, "Hunting Adonis 狩猎阿多尼斯", the 2nd single of the album, was released. Inspired by Shakespeare's poem portraying the unorthodox love story