texts:
 11 August 2007, <mask> made his debut for Brentford in a 1–1 draw with Mansfield Town.On 15 August 2007, it was announced that Brentford manager Terry Butcher had extended <mask>'s loan spell with "The Bees" until 7 January 2008. <mask> scored his first Football League goal for Brentford on 22 September 2007 in a 2–0 win over Chester City. <mask> also scored the winning goal in a 1–0 victory over Lincoln City on 27 October 2007. <mask> made his 20th and last appearance for "The Bees" on 5 January 2008 in a 1–0 win over Shrewsbury Town. After returning to Ipswich Town, <mask> was released by manager Jim Magilton on 24 January 2008 after being told that he had no future with the club. Stevenage Borough
On 28 January 2008, <mask> signed for Conference side Stevenage Borough on a non-contractual basis until the end of the 2007–08 season. The 20-year-old midfielder made his debut for "The Boro" on 2 February 2008 in a 4–0 defeat by Exeter City.<mask> scored his only goal for Stevenage in a 2–1 defeat by Northwich Victoria on 22 April 2008. <mask> made his final appearance for "The Boro" in a 2–1 win over Halifax Town on 26 April 2008. <mask> was not offered a new deal with Stevenage and was subsequently released by the club on 20 May 2008. Dover Athletic
On 5 June 2008, the 20-year-old midfielder signed a two-year contract with his local club, Dover Athletic, who had just won promotion to the Isthmian League Premier Division. He remained with the club for two years but following his demands for full-time football, which could not be met by Dover, <mask> left at the close of the 2009–10 season. AFC Wimbledon
On 16 July 2010, <mask> signed for Conference side AFC Wimbledon following strong performances as a trialist. On 21 August 2010, <mask> opened his scoring account for The Dons with a goal in a 3–0 victory over Tamworth.On 18 November 2010,

masks: Moore Moore Moore Moore Moore Moore Moore Moore Moore Moore Moore Moore Moore


type: original

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 <mask> scored a goal late in injury time against Ebbsfleet United to advance AFC Wimbledon to the second round of the 2010–11 FA Cup. On 5 May 2012, <mask> was named AFC Wimbledon Player of the Year for the 2011–12 season. He made his 100th league appearance for the club, with only 5 of them being from the substitutes bench, in a 2–0 win over York City at Bootham Crescent on 7 September 2013. Leyton Orient
On 9 June 2015, <mask> signed for League Two side Leyton Orient on a two-year contract. On 17 August 2016, <mask> signed for Dover Athletic on a six-month loan until 14 Jan 2017. Folkestone Invicta

On 5 October 2020 <mask> signed for Isthmian League side Folkestone Invicta after he retired from playing for 2 years. Managerial career
On 22 May 2017, <mask> was announced as first team manager of Isthmian Premier Division club Leatherhead, following the resignation of Jimmy Bullard.<mask> also signed for the club as a player. On 2 May 2018, <mask> was appointed as first-team manager of National League South side Concord Rangers on a two-year contract, following an impressive debut season at Leatherhead. Likewise with his spell at Leatherhead, <mask> will continue as a player/manager. In his debut season in the National League South, <mask> guided Concord to a 6th-place finish, but due to the club failing to meet ground size requirements, they were in turn, barred from the play-offs. Four days later, it was announced that <mask> had stepped down from his role due to "ongoing personal problems". In May 2019, <mask> was appointed manager of National League South club Hemel Hempstead Town. On 20 May 2020, <mask> and his coaching staff parted company with Hemel Hempstead Town following a year at the club.On 29 January 2022, he was named as manager of Isthmian League Premier Division side Potters Bar Town, with <mask> Hempstead Town F.C.

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<mask> (born January 30, 1973) is a contemporary Serbian horror author, literary critic, film critic, editor and a translator. He was the first in Serbia, and the Balkans, to write a doctoral dissertation on poetics of the horror genre. In Serbia, <mask> is considered a connoisseur of the horror genre, both in literature and film. <mask>'s research interests include English and American Literature, History of Literature, Literary Theory, Short Story, and especially the horror genre in Anglo-American literature and film. Biography

<mask> was born in Niš, on January 30, 1973, in Serbia, at the time a part of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. He got his B.A. in English Language and Literature at the Faculty of Philosophy, Niš, Serbia in 1996.At the same place he got his M.A. in American Literature by defending his M.A. Thesis  Gothic Motifs in the Works of Edgar Allan Poe in 2009. In 2012, <mask> earned a Ph.D. in Anglo-American Literature at the Faculty of Philology, Belgrade, Serbia with a Ph.D. thesis  titled Historical Poetics of Horror Genre in Anglo-American Literature. <mask> <mask> worked at the Faculty of Philosophy in Niš, as a teaching assistant, at the Department of English studies, on the subject of American literature. He worked there for ten years, from 1999 to 2009. <mask> is an alumnus of the Junior Faculty Development Program (JFDP) through American Councils for International Education.Thanks to their grant, he spent two semesters

masks:
Dejan Ognjanović
Ognjanović
Ognjanović
Dejan Ognjanović
Ognjanović
Dejan
Ognjanović
Ognjanović


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 (Fall 2003 – Spring 2004) as a visiting scholar at UC Berkeley, California, USA, at the courses relevant for American studies. After problems that <mask> had with his professor and mentor, he had to leave his job at the Faculty of Philosophy in Niš in 2009. Currently, <mask> is an independent scholar and editor at Orfelin Publishing (Novi Sad, Serbia) where he edits the series "Poetics of Horror", which includes translations of some works, extensive afterwords for each book, biographies and bibliographies of selected authors, etc. Writing

Fiction

<mask> considers writing horror fiction his primary vocation. In Serbia he has published two novels and about two dozens of stories. Naživo (In Vivo, 2003) is a brutal and dark tale about the resonances of the war violence from Bosnia and Kosovo in a „peaceful“ environment of sanctions-bound and depraved Interzone called Serbia. Politics, war, snuff, occult, underground cinema and pornography are merged in a gruesome tale of a young man's search for meaning in the middle of chaos.Ognjanović's second novel, Zavodnik (The Seducer, 2014) brings a change of pace: it is an atmospheric folk-horror Serbian rendition of Henry James's The Turn of the Screw, about a young teacher brought into a mostly deserted and dead village in the mountains to teach a couple of orphans under the care of their grandma. However, it seems that their much-maligned father is not quite dead... Both of these novels had two editions; Naživo

masks: Ognjanović Ognjanović Ognjanović


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 is sold-out and out of print. <mask>'s short stories and novellas have been published in many Serbian magazines, journals and book anthologies. So far, none of Ognjanović's fiction has been published in English. Non-Fiction

<mask>'s essays in English were published in the books edited by Steven Schneider:100 European Horror Films (British Film Institute, London, 2007), on Déjà vu, 1987); 501 Movie Directors (Quintessence / Barron's, London / New York City, 2007), on Alejandro Jodorowsky, Goran Marković, James Whale, Jan Svankmajer, Kaneto Shindo, Kim Ki Duk and Sogo Ishii; 101 Horror Movies You Must See Before You Die (Quintessence / ABC Books, London/Sydney, 2009) on Mask of the Demon, Suspiria, The Abominable Dr Phibes, The Beyond, The Devil Rides Out, The Exorcist, The Masque of the Red Death and The Wicker Man; 101 SF Movies You Must See Before You Die (Quintessence / ABC Books, London/Sydney, 2009) on Blade Runner, Stalker, The Terminator and Robocop; 101 Gangster Movies You Must See Before You Die (Quintessence / ABC Books, London/Sydney, 2009) on Dillinger, and 101 War Movies You Must See Before You Die (Quintessence / ABC Books, 2009) on Tora! Tora!Tora! and Ballad of a Soldier. <mask>'s essay Genre Films in Recent Serbian Cinema was published in a bilingual collection Uvođenje mladosti / Youth Rising (Filmski Centar Srbije, Beograd, 2008); it is also available in the special edition of the web magazine KinoKultura br. 8 (in English). <mask>'s

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 essays were also published in academic collections. His paper Why Is the Tension So High? The Monstrous Feminine in (Post)Modern Slasher Films is in Speaking Of Monsters: A Teratological Anthology (Caroline Joan S. Picart and John Edgar Browning, eds.), Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2012. <mask>'s essay Welcome to the Reality Studio: Serbian Hand-Held Horrors is in Digital Horror: Haunted Technologies, Network Panic and the Found Footage (Xavier Aldana Reyes, Linnie Blake, eds.) (IB Tauris, 2015). His first book in English is The Weird World of H.P. Lovecraft (Rue Morgue, 2017). Ognjanović writes book and film reviews and articles for Rue Morgue magazine since 2010. Ognjanović's interviews with the genre greats (i.e.Christopher Lee, Stuart Gordon, Jaume Balaguero, Sergio Stivaletti) were published in Horror Movie Heroes (Rue Morgue Library, Vol 2; 2014). He used to write book and film reviews and interviews on several, now mostly defunct websites in English, such as Kung Fu Cult Cinema, Twitch, Beyond Hollywood, Unearthed and Quiet Earth. In Serbian

In Serbia, <mask> has published five non-fiction books. Three studies:

 Faustovski ekran: đavo na filmu / Faustian Screen: Devil in Cinema (Zaječar: Svetozar Marković, 2006). U brdima, horori: srpski film strave / In the Hills, the Horrors: Serbian Horror Cinema (Niš: NKC, 2007). Poetika horora / Poetics of Horror (Novi Sad: Orfelin, 2014). He also published a collection of essays Studija strave / A Study in

masks: Ognjanović Ognjanović


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 Terror (Pančevo: Mali Nemo, 2008), and a book-length interview-study devoted to Serbian film director and horror-film pioneer, Đorđe Kadijević, Više od istine: Kadijević o Kadijeviću / More Than Truth: Kadijević on Kadijević (Novi Sad: Orfelin, 2017).In Serbia, <mask> has published over a hundred film reviews, essays and interviews since 1996, in numerous daily papers, magazines and cinema journals. <mask>'s film critiques, essays and articles were, also, translated to Slovenian and published in their leading cinema magazine Ekran. Subversive Serbia

He was a co-programmer (with Mitch Davis) of the program Subversive Serbia at the Fantasia Film Festival (Montreal, Canada, 08–28. July 2010). He made a selection of seven Serbian genre films, four recent and three older, which he personally introduced, did the Q&A's with their authors and gave a lecture on Serbian horror films (with film clips). He also wrote about those films for the festival's program. During his stay he also gave several interviews in which he revealed the potentials and accomplishments of Serbian horrors, which was their most extensive and elaborate presentation anywhere outside of Serbia.He was a staunch defender of the controversial A Serbian Film (2010); he did the English subtitles for the film and wrote its first ever review in English, for The Quiet Earth website. Excerpts from his book devoted to Serbian horror cinema, In the Hills, the Horrors, were translated to Czech and


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 published in the magazine for theory, history and aesthetics of cinema, Iluminace (3/2011) in November 2011. Festivals

Other than promoting his own books, <mask> has also held numerous public lectures and participated in panels, round tables, promotions, discussions and master classes with genre directors and actors in Serbia and elsewhere. He is a regular participant at the Grossmann Film and Wine Festival (Ljutomer, Slovenia) since 2007. Among many lectures and presentations, he also had master classes with such names as Brian Yuzna, Richard Stanley, Simon Boswell, Harry Kumel, Sergio Stivaletti and others. After Subversive Serbia at the Fantasia International Film Festival, he also presented Serbian horrors at the  SLASH FILM FESTIVAL in Vienna (September 2011), where he introduced the screening of Variola vera and participated in a round table about subversion in cinema. He also gave lectures at the KRATKOFIL film festival in Banjaluka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia in June 2009, and at FANTASTIC ZAGREB (6-10.July 2011 and 3. July 2012, Zagreb, Croatia) and at Refesticon (Bijelo Polje, Montenegro, June 2018). <mask> has also participated at numerous genre festivals, manifestations and events in Serbia (Belgrade, Subotica, Niš, Zaječar etc.). Editor

In Serbia, <mask> has edited H. P. Lovecraft's best stories in Serbian, titled Nekronomikon, Beograd: Everest Media, 2008; 2nd expanded edition 2012; the ultimate edition Orfelin, Novi Sad, 2018. He


texts:
 translated many of the tales and accompanied them with his introductions, a lengthy afterword, annotated bibliography, Lovecraft's biography, etc. <mask> had also co-edited (with Ivan Velisavljević) Novi kadrovi: skrajnute vrednosti srpskog filma / New Frames: Hidden Gems of Serbian Cinema (Beograd: Clio, 2008), offering fresh insights into neglected authors, tendencies and (sub)genres of Serbian cinema. He is editing a series of books called Poetics of Horror for a Serbian publisher, Orfelin publishing.It aims to represent the very best in horror fiction which hasn't yet been translated into Serbian. Between 2014 and 2018 he has selected, annotated, partially translated and wrote afterwords for:

 Algernon Blackwood's - The Willows,
 Howard Phillips Lovecraft's - The Whisperer in the Darkness,
 M. R. James's - Whistle and I'll Come to You,
 Robert Aickman's - Cold Hand in Mine,
 Shirley Jackson's - The Haunting of Hill House,
 Sheridan Le Fanu's - Carmilla and Other Tales of Terror,
 Arthur Machen's - The Great God Pan,
 Thomas Ligotti’s - Grimscribe: His Lives and Works,
 Algernon Blackwood's - Ancient Lights,
 William Hope Hodgson's - The Voice in the Night,
 Howard Phillips Lovecraft's - At the Mountains of Madness,
 Robert Aickman's - The Wine-Dark Sea and
 Roland Topor's - The Tenant. Translator

<mask> has published numerous translations from English, mostly of horror literature, including tales by H. P. Lovecraft, Algernon Blackwood,


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 M. R. James, Arthur Machen and W. H. Hodgson, and a novel by Shirley Jackson. He is also working on translations from Serbian into English (screenplays, dialogue lists, synopses, director's statements, subtitles, etc.). <mask> has also translated Richard Corben’s albums Haunt of Horror: E. A. Poe and Haunt of Horror: H. P. Lovecraft (Darkwood, Belgrade, 2014). Comics essays

<mask> is also writing about comics. He regularly writes afterwords and essays for the publisher Veseli četvrtak, especially for their editions of Dylan Dog, Martin Mystere and Zagor.<mask> also wrote afterwords for Serbian editions of Alberto Breccia’s albums Myths of Cthulhu and Mort Cinder (Darkwood, Belgrade, 2018). Artwork

<mask> <mask> did the artwork for the short comic (16 pages) Transcendence, adapted by Edward Lee and John Pelan from their own same-titled story. Published by Necro Publications in 2003, this edition also contains the original story and a gallery of four horror artworks by <mask> unrelated to the comic. It was published in 52 hardcover signed copies and 1000 soft cover copies. <mask>'s two artworks were used as illustrations in the first issue of the US magazine Vastarien (2018). His artworks can also be seen on his blog The Cult of Ghoul. Blogging

<mask> writes on his Serbian blog The Cult of Ghoul (2009 – present) This blog mostly covers horror films, old and new, but also books, comics, events, etc.It has about 1000 daily visits, and had over 5,5

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 million visits since its inception in 2009. <mask> has also had a blog in English - The Temple of Ghoul (2010-2014), with a similar profile and slight bent towards Asian horror cinema. His most popular and widespread article was his (highly critical) review of Guillermo del Toro's script for At the Mountains of Madness. After four years he stopped writing for it due to lack of time. Awards

In Serbia, <mask> has been awarded several awards. He received an award for best literary criticism by the literary magazine Gradina (Niš) in 2004; an award for best literary essay by the literary magazine Ulaznica (Zrenjanin), 2005 and 2006, for best book-length theoretical work ('Svetozar Marković', Zaječar) in 2006. <mask> has also been a top contender (among top three) for the prestigious Nikola Milošević award, for non-fiction book in Serbian, for his Poetics of Horror in 2015.For his articles on Lovecraft and Frankenstein from Rue Morgue magazine he was nominated for the "Rondo Award", twice (2016 and 2017). Both times, <mask> has got an "honourable mention" (top five). References

1973 births
Serbian writers
Living


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<mask> (10 December 1880 – 24 February 1951), also popularly known as Sir C. R<mask>, was an educationist and political thinker, essayist and economist, poet and literary critic. He was a prominent member of the Justice Party and an ardent champion of the non-Brahmin movement, joining the movement to unite the non-Brahmin communities. He wrote his works in Telugu and English; these reveal his deep love for Indian classics and his learning in these texts, as well as the modernity of his outlook. <mask> was the educationalist who played a major role in shaping the educational policy in India. He was also the recipient of a British Knighthood in honour of his service to the country. He was the founder of Andhra University and also served as its first Vice-Chancellor from 1926 to 1931 and in a further second term from 1936 to 1949. Early life

<mask> was born in Kattamanchi, a suburb of Chittoor city.He was the second son of Subrahmanya <mask>, who had built up a lucrative legal practice as a pleader in Chittoor and was known for his high sense of principles and right conduct. C. R<mask> was named after his grandfather, who was a poet. <mask> completed his high school education in PCR High School in Chittoor with distinction in 1896 and joined the prestigious Madras Christian College in 1897. At Madras Christian College, he was the senior of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, whom C. R<mask> shared a close friendship with. Rev Dr Miller was the principal of the college in which Dr Skinner was the professor of Philosophy and Professor Kellet took English classes. All of them were greatly impressed by <mask>'s performance as a student and noted the qualities of his sharp and incisive mind. Even while in college, he was noted for his Telugu scholarship.He got a prize for writing a story in Telugu verse, called 'Musalamma

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Sir Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddy
. Reddy
Reddy
Reddy
Reddy
. Reddy
Reddy
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Reddy


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 Maranamu'. It had some unique features and was viewed as an avant-garde effort in the field of Telugu poetry, quite different from the traditional prabhanda style. Career
In 1901, <mask> graduated with distinction in philosophy and history securing several University prizes. Soon thereafter, he won a Government of India scholarship to study at the University of Cambridge in England. He joined St. John's College at Cambridge in 1902. His career at St Johns College, Cambridge, was no less distinguished than it had been at Madras Christian College. Apart from being a brilliant student, he made his mark as an outstanding speaker and debater.He was elected Secretary of the Liberal Club and later Vice-President of the Union Society. He was the first Indian student to be chosen for that office in the Union Society. When he was the Vice-President of the Union Society, future economist John Maynard Keynes was the Secretary. On 31 October 1905, <mask> invited Gopal Krishna Gokhale to address the Union Society. When Gokhale met Keynes, he instantaneously recognised the genius of Keynes and commented, "You are eminently fitted to be a Finance Member in the Viceroy's Executive Council in India". Even as a student in Cambridge, <mask> campaigned on behalf of the Liberal Party in the 1906 general election which swept the Liberal Party into power that year. Many British politicians admired <mask>'s gifts of intellect and eloquence and predicted a great future for him.On his return to India in 1907, <mask> joined Baroda college at Baroda as vice-principal in the place vacated by Sri Aurobindo. He was a brilliant teacher and some of his students have left memorable records about his wit and wisdom. <mask>'s next appointment was at Maharaja's College, Mysore as professor of History in 1913. He was promoted as principal in

masks: Reddy Reddy Reddy Reddy Reddy Reddy


texts: 1916 and simultaneously appointed as Inspector General of Education in the Mysore State. It was during this period that <mask> with great foresight threw open all the schools to Panchama children much against the local orthodox opposition. This was long before the days of Mahatma Gandhi's programme of temple entry for Harijans. <mask> is a revered name in Karnataka even today for this epoch-making step of social reform.In 1921, he entered politics. He was elected to the Madras Legislative Council as an outstanding educationalist. For a short while he was in the Justice party. The Justice Party (India) found him far too brilliant and individualistic for keeping proper party control over him. In 1926 January, when it was decided to establish Andhra University at Waltaire, <mask> was the natural choice for appointment as its first Vice-Chancellor. He made Andhra University a great centre of higher education and outstanding research in both sciences and humanities. Towards the end of 1930, he did the extraordinary thing of resigning his Vice-Chancellorship in protest against the repressive policy of the Government of India in arresting the great leaders of Congress Salt Satyagraha movement.He wrote a classic letter in this context to the Governor of Madras. When he resigned his post as Vice-Chancellor, he was succeeded by Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. <mask> was back again in the field of politics. He became the president of Chittoor District Board. In 1936, at a Senate meeting of Andhra University, it was decided to invite <mask> to return again to Andhra University as its Vice-Chancellor. He returned to Waltaire later that year for the second time as Vice-Chancellor and retained the position till 1949. During this period, the Andhra University became internationally known.Dr S Bhagavantam, Dr T R Seshadri, Dr

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 V K R V Rao and Dr V S Krishna, K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar and many other great professors made a beeline to Waltaire, inspired by the idealism and unique moral leadership of <mask>. <mask> was knighted by the British government in the 1942 New Year Honours. In 1949, <mask> became the Pro-chancellor of Mysore University. He died in Madras on 24 February 1951. Iyengar, in his book "Essays and Addresses", describes <mask> as a great educationist, a first-class teacher, humanist, a bold thinker and a reformer. <mask>'s lectures on 'University reforms' delivered in Madras under the presidency of Dr S. Subramania Iyer, S. Srinivasa Iyengar and T. V. Seshagiri Iyer had set the tone for university reforms in India. Following <mask>'s death, the Maharaja of Mysore Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar recalled, "[<mask>] served Mysore in various capacities every one of which was characterised by conspicuous ability, uncommon zeal and indefatigable energy."Works
 Arthashastra
 Vijnana Chandrika seris'
 Bilhaniyamu Musalamma Maranamu''

References

External links
 Official Website of Andhra University
 Official Website of SIR C R Reddy Engineering college
 C R <mask>'s stellar contributions hailed. 19th-century Indian educational theorists
Telugu people
Telugu poets
19th-century Indian philosophers
20th-century Hindu philosophers and theologians
Indian knights
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
1880 births
1951 deaths
Madras Christian College alumni
Maharaja's College, Mysore faculty
People from Chittoor district
20th-century Indian poets
Vice-Chancellors of the Andhra University
20th-century Indian philosophers
19th-century Indian poets
Poets from Andhra Pradesh
Indian male poets
19th-century Indian male writers
20th-century Indian educational theorists
Scholars from Andhra Pradesh
Knights Bachelor
20th-century Indian male

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<mask> (born October 18, 1987) is an American mixed martial artist currently competing in the Light Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). A professional since 2015, he has formerly fought in Bellator and the Legacy Fighting Alliance. <mask> was born in Los Angeles, California. After his father passed away, his mother raised him and his brother until the age of 14 when the boys were put in foster care. Menifield bounced around between 12 different foster homes. <mask> attended Canyon High School for only two years, but graduated and excelled at football. <mask> continued his football career at NJCAA Glendale Community College (California), where he starred as primarily a linebacker and was an Honorable Mention All-American his sophomore year as well as a member of the track and field team.After his first two seasons at Glendale, Menifield earned a scholarship to Texas A&M University–Commerce where he graduated with a degree in Criminal Justice. <mask> later played football professionally in both the CFL and Arena Football League. Mixed martial arts career

Early career
<mask> made his MMA debut at heavyweight against Zach Rosol on November 20, 2015 at Bellator 146. He won the fight via TKO in the first round. Menifield then moved to light heavyweight and won his next two fights via TKO and KO before fighting in Dana White's Contender Series. Dana White's Contender Series
<mask> faced UFC veteran Daniel Jolly on July 25, 2017 at Dana White's Contender Series 3. He won the fight via TKO at the end of round one due to an eye injury but failed to secure a contract with the UFC.<mask> was provided with a second chance against Dashawn Boatwright on June 16, 2018 at Dana White's Contender Series 9. He won via TKO with ground on pound strikes within the first 8 seconds of the first round and was awarded with a UFC contract. Ultimate Fighting Championship
<mask> made his UFC debut on January 19, 2019 against Vinicius

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Alonzo Theodoro Menifield
Background Menifield
Menifield
Menifield
Menifield
Menifield
Menifield
Menifield
Menifield


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 Moreira at UFC Fight Night: Cejudo vs. Dillashaw. He won the fight via TKO with punches in round one. <mask> then faced Paul Craig on June 29, 2019 at UFC on ESPN: Ngannou vs. dos Santos. He won the fight via KO with punches in round one. <mask> then faced Devin Clark on June 6, 2020 at UFC 250.He lost the fight via unanimous decision. <mask> was scheduled to face Ovince Saint Preux on August 22, 2020 at UFC on ESPN 15. Just hours before the event was scheduled to begin, it was announced that the bout was canceled due to Saint Preux testing positive for COVID-19. The bout eventually took place on September 5, 2020 at UFC Fight Night 176. <mask> lost the fight via knockout in the second round. <mask> was expected to face William Knight on February 27, 2021 at UFC Fight Night 186. However, the bout was postponed during the week leading up to the event after <mask> testing positive for COVID-19.The pairing was expected to be left intact and rescheduled for UFC 260. This time Knight was removed due to COVID-19 protocols and was replaced by promotional newcomer Fabio Cherant. At the weight-ins, Cherant weighted 206.5 pounds, half a pound over the non-title light heavyweight limit. The bout proceeded at a catchweight and he was fined 20% of his individual purse, which went to his opponent <mask>. <mask> won the fight via Von Flue choke in round one. <mask> faced Ed Herman on August 7, 2021 at UFC 265. He won the fight via unanimous decision.<mask> was scheduled to face William Knight on February 27, 2021 at UFC Fight Night 186. However, the bout was postponed during the week leading up to the event after <mask> testing positive for COVID-19. The pairing was expected to be left intact and rescheduled for UFC 260. This time Knight was removed due to COVID-19 protocols. The pair was rescheduled to December 4, 2021 at UFC on ESPN 31. <mask> lost the fight via unanimous decision. Personal life
<mask> is married and has two sons; <mask> Jr., and

masks: Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Menifield Alonzo


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<mask> (March 9, 1922 – April 28, 1991) was an American lawyer and civil rights activist. He became the first African-American student at the University of North Carolina School of Law. In 1966 he became leader of CORE, the Congress of Racial Equality, taking over from James Farmer. A supporter of Black Power, he turned CORE into a more radical movement. In 1968, <mask> left CORE to found Soul City in Warren County, North Carolina. He endorsed Richard Nixon for president that year, and the federal government, under President Nixon, supported Soul City. He became a state district court judge in 1990 and died on April 28, 1991.He was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity. Politician and attorney <mask>, Jr., is his son. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> Sr. was born in Asheville, North Carolina, the son of Ernest Boyce and Magnolia <mask>. His participation with civil rights began with his NAACP membership at the age of 12. As a 13-year-old Boy Scout helping to direct traffic during a roller-skating tournament in his hometown, McKissick was pushed to the ground by a white police officer; this incident secured his involvement in civil rights. McKissick states, "I've been active in North Carolina politics I think since I was about sixteen or seventeen, in high school." One of his early protests was in his hometown, Asheville, NC, because the city refused to permit actor Paul Robeson to speak in the city auditorium in the 1930s.He graduated from high school in 1939, and in 1940 went to Atlanta to attend Morehouse College. After enrolling at Morehouse, <mask> joined the U.S. Army and during World War II he served in the European Theater as a sergeant. After the war, he returned to Morehouse College where he graduated in 1948. Early protest and political involvement
<mask> was involved with an early freedom ride

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Floyd Bixler McKissick
McKissick
Floyd McKissick
Floyd Bixler
McKissick
Thompson McKissick
McKissick
McKissick


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 that confronted racial segregation in interstate transportation in the 1947 Journey of Reconciliation. He was the president of the Atlanta University chapter of the Progressive Party during his time at Morehouse College, a participant in voter registration, and also a supporter of Henry Wallace's 1948 presidential campaign. In 1957, <mask> along with Nathan White Sr. headed The Durham Committee on Negro Affairs' Economic Committee, developed plans to boycott the Royal Ice Cream Parlor in Durham, NC. Under the leadership of McKissick, twenty high school NAACP members acted in regular pickets outside of the Royal Ice Cream Parlor.Admittance to UNC Law School
After graduating from Morehouse in 1948, McKissick decided to pursue a career in law. He returned to his native state North Carolina, and applied to the University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Law. He was subsequently denied admission because of his race. After his denial, he enrolled in North Carolina College (NCC) School of Law, now North Carolina Central University (NCCU), in Durham, North Carolina, which was the law school for blacks. While in NCC's Law School, the NAACP accepted <mask>'s case, and filed a lawsuit against UNC School of Law. Thurgood Marshall led the NAACP defense. In 1951, a ruling by the United States Court of Appeals allowed McKissick and three other students admission to UNC's School of Law.At the time of the ruling, <mask> had nearly finished his law degree from NCC, but he took courses at UNC School of Law during the summer of 1951. <mask> was in the first group of black students to be admitted at UNC School of Law. Law efforts
In 1955, <mask> established a law firm in Durham, NC. His law firm was involved with civil rights issues and his clients included the first black undergraduates to attend UNC-Chapel Hill in 1955. He

masks: McKissick McKissick McKissick McKissick McKissick


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 successfully defended sit-in protesters of the Durham's Royal Ice Cream Parlor in 1957, and the families who integrated Durham's city school system in 1959. The lead plaintiffs in the 1959 school desegregation case were his daughter, Joycelyn, and his wife, Evelyn. As a lawyer, <mask>'s most publicized efforts involved a segregated black local in the Tobacco Workers International, an AFL-CIO member.McKissick pressed to have black workers admitted to the skilled scale without loss of their seniority rating. Involvement with CORE

After the Greensboro sit-in at Woolworth's lunch counter on February 1, 1960, Gordon Carey and James T. McCain, CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) field secretaries,  were sent to the Carolinas to help with the negotiating of department store owners and to spark interest in more sit-ins. Carey was introduced to McKissick during this time. "Carey helped McKissick and students organize the demonstrations that broke out on February 8th in Durham, and in the course of the next few weeks the two men travelled over the state setting up non-violent workshops." McKissick handled legal affairs for both the NAACP and CORE, but he withdrew from the NAACP. After leaving the NAACP and showing loyalty to CORE, he was elected to the CORE national chairmanship at the 1963 Convention. When <mask> replaced James Farmer as head of CORE on January 3, 1966, the organization completed a 180-degree turn that saw it change from an interracial integrationist civil rights agency pledged to uphold nonviolence into a militant and uncompromising advocate of the ideology of black power.In 1966, James Meredith challenged America's social system of poverty, racial segregation, and white supremacy by vowing to walk alone from Memphis, Tennessee to Jackson, Mississippi. <mask> who had not recently been elected head of

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Floyd McKissick
McKissick


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 CORE, promised to support Meredith in his journey. Along with Martin Luther King, Jr. and Stokely Carmichael, <mask> assisted in leading a group of demonstrators the remaining 194 miles to Jackson, Mississippi. McKissick states, "We issued the call to bring all the organizations together to continue the march at the spot where he fell." <mask> and Roy Innis, who at that time was the head of the Harlem chapter of CORE, appeared to be close allies, but there were underlying tensions. When McKissick left CORE in 1968, Innis took over. Soul City

After leaving CORE, McKissick launched a plan to build a new community, Soul City, in Warren County, North Carolina on 500 acres of farmland.McKissick stated," Soul City was an idea before the movement. Soul City actually started after World War II, in my mind. And it was first talked about when we saw the use of the Marshall Plan, and all like that. See, I've always been in real estate and I've always been a businessman." Soul City was supposed to reverse out-migration of minorities and the poor to urban areas. Soul City was a town intended for all, but placed emphasis on providing opportunities for minorities and the poor. The venture received a $14 million bond issue guarantee from the Department of Housing and Urban Development through the New Communities Act of 1970 and a loan of $500,000 form the First Pennsylvania Bank.The state of North Carolina also gave $1.7 million and private donors gave about $1 million. With this funding, McKissick  built a state-of-the art water system, a health care clinic, and a massive steel-and-glass factory named Soultech I. Soul City was projected to have 24,000 jobs and 44,000 inhabitants by the year 2004. Soul City, however, ran into difficulties and the project never developed as McKissick had hoped. In June 1980, the Soul City

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 Corporation and the federal government reached an agreement that allowed the government to assume control the following January. Under the agreement, the company retained 88 acres of the project, including the site of a mobile home park and a 60,000-square-foot building that had served as the project's headquarters. The Department of Housing & Urban Development paid off $10 million in loans and agreed to pay an additional $175,000 of the project's debts.In exchange, <mask> agreed to drop a lawsuit brought to block HUD from shutting down the project. Later life and death
In June 1990, <mask> was appointed a state district court judge in the Ninth Judicial District in North Carolina, by Republican Governor James G. Martin. Less than a year after being appointed, while also working as pastor of the First Baptist Church of Soul City, <mask> died of lung cancer at the age 69 on Sunday April 28, 1991. He was buried in Soul City. He was survived by his wife, the former Evelyn Williams, whom he married in 1942; a son, <mask>, Jr; and three daughters, Joycelyn, Andree, and Charmaine. References

External links
 Inventory of the <mask><mask> Papers, 1940s-1980s, in the Southern Historical Collection, UNC-Chapel Hill
 Oral History Interviews with <mask><mask> Sr. ,  from Oral Histories of the American South
 CORE History
 King Encyclopedia
Harambee City: Archival site incorporating documents, maps, audio/visual materials related to CORE's work in black power and black economic development. North Carolina lawyers
African-American judges
American civil rights activists
United States Army personnel of World War II
North Carolina state court judges
1991 deaths
1922 births
20th-century American lawyers
20th-century American judges
United States Army soldiers
People from Asheville, North Carolina
20th-century African-American

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Floyd McKissick
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Floyd McKissick
Floyd B
. McKissick
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Sir <mask> (, ; Norman French: ; 23 August 1305) was a Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence. Along with Andrew Moray, <mask> defeated an English army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in September 1297. He was appointed Guardian of Scotland and served until his defeat at the Battle of Falkirk in July 1298. In August 1305, <mask> was captured in Robroyston, near Glasgow, and handed over to King Edward I of England, who had him hanged, drawn and quartered for high treason and crimes against English civilians. Since his death, <mask> has obtained an iconic status far beyond his homeland. He is the protagonist of Blind Harry's 15th-century epic poem The Wallace and the subject of literary works by Jane Porter and Sir Walter Scott, and of the Academy Award-winning film Braveheart. Background

<mask> was a member of the lesser nobility, but little is definitely known of his family history or even his parentage.Blind Harry's late-15th-century poem gives his father as Sir Malcolm of Elderslie; however, <mask>'s own seal, found on a letter sent to the Hanse city of Lübeck in 1297, gives his father's name as <mask>. This <mask> may be the same as the one listed in the 1296 Ragman Rolls as a crown tenant in Ayrshire, but there is no additional confirmation. Blind Harry's assertion that <mask> was the son of Sir Malcolm of Elderslie has given rise to a tradition that <mask>'s birthplace was at Elderslie in Renfrewshire, and this is still the view of some historians, including the historical William Wallace Society itself. However, <mask>'s seal has given rise to a counterclaim of Ellerslie in Ayrshire. There is no contemporary evidence linking him with either location, although both areas had connections with the wider <mask> family. Records show early members of

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William Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
William Wallace
William
Alan Wallace
Alan Wallace
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William
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 the family as holding estates at Riccarton, Tarbolton, Auchincruive in Kyle and Stenton in East Lothian. They were vassals of James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland as their lands fell within his territory.<mask>'s brothers Malcolm and John are known from other sources. The origins of the <mask> surname and its association with southwest Scotland are also far from certain, other than the name's being derived from the Old English wylisc (pronounced "wullish"), meaning "foreigner" or "Welshman". It is possible that all the Wallaces in the Clyde area were medieval immigrants from Wales, but as the term was also used for the Cumbric-speaking Strathclyde kingdom of the Celtic Britons, it seems equally likely that the surname refers to people who were seen as being "Welsh" due to their Cumbric language. Military career

Political crisis in Scotland

When <mask> was growing up, King Alexander III ruled Scotland. His reign had seen a period of peace and economic stability. On 19 March 1286, however, Alexander died after falling from his horse. The heir to the throne was Alexander's granddaughter, Margaret, Maid of Norway.As she was still a child and in Norway, the Scottish lords set up a government of guardians. Margaret fell ill on the voyage to Scotland and died in Orkney in late September 1290. The lack of a clear heir led to a period known as the "Great Cause", with a total of thirteen contenders laying claim to the throne. The most credible claims were John Balliol and Robert Bruce, grandfather of the future king the Bruce. With Scotland threatening to descend into civil war, King Edward I of England was invited in by the Scottish nobility to arbitrate. Before the process could begin, he insisted that all of the contenders recognise him as Lord Paramount of Scotland. In early November 1292, at a great

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 feudal court held in the castle at Berwick-upon-Tweed, judgment was given in favour of John Balliol having the strongest claim in law based on being senior in genealogical primogeniture even though not in proximity of blood.Edward proceeded to take steps to progressively undermine John's authority, treating Scotland as a feudal vassal state, demanding homage be paid towards himself and military support in his war against France — even summoning King John Balliol to stand before the English court as a common plaintiff. The Scots soon tired of their deeply compromised king, and the direction of affairs was allegedly taken out of his hands by the leading men of the kingdom, who appointed a Council of Twelve—in practice, a new panel of Guardians—at Stirling in July 1295. They went on to conclude a treaty of mutual assistance with France—known in later years as the Auld Alliance. In retaliation for Scotland's treaty with France, Edward I invaded, storming Berwick-upon-Tweed and commencing the Wars of Scottish Independence. The Scots were defeated at Dunbar and the English took Dunbar Castle on 27 April 1296. Edward forced John to abdicate, which he did at Stracathro near Montrose on 10 July 1296. Here the arms of Scotland were formally torn from John's surcoat, giving him the abiding name of "Toom Tabard" (empty coat).By July, Edward had instructed his officers to receive formal homage from some 1,800 Scottish nobles (many of the rest being prisoners of war at that time). Silent years prior to the Wars of Independence
Some historians believe <mask> must have had some earlier military experience in order to lead a successful military campaign in 1297. Campaigns like Edward I of England's wars in Wales might have provided a good opportunity for a younger son of a landholder to become a mercenary soldier. <mask>'s

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 personal seal bears the archer's insignia, so he may have fought as an archer in Edward's army. Walter Bower states that <mask> was "a tall man with the body of a giant ... with lengthy flanks ... broad in the hips, with strong arms and legs ... with all his limbs very strong and firm". Blind Harry's <mask> reaches seven feet. Start of the uprising

The first act definitely known to have been carried out by <mask> was his killing of <mask> Heselrig, the English High Sheriff of Lanark, in May 1297.He then joined with <mask> Hardy, Lord of Douglas, and they carried out the raid of Scone. This was one of several rebellions taking place across Scotland, including those of several Scottish nobles and Andrew Moray in the north. The uprising suffered a blow when the nobles submitted to the English at Irvine in July. <mask> and Moray were not involved, and continued their rebellions. <mask> used the Ettrick Forest as a base for raiding, and attacked Wishart's palace at Ancrum. <mask> and Moray met and joined their forces, possibly at the siege of Dundee in early September. Battle of Stirling Bridge

On 11 September 1297, an army jointly led by <mask> and Andrew Moray won the Battle of Stirling Bridge.Although vastly outnumbered, the Scottish army routed the English army. John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey's feudal army of 3,000 cavalry and 8,000 to 10,000 infantry met disaster as they crossed over to the north side of the river. The narrowness of the bridge prevented many soldiers from crossing together (possibly as few as three men abreast), so, while the English soldiers crossed, the Scots held back until half of them had passed and then killed the English as quickly as they could cross. The infantry were sent on first, followed by heavy cavalry. The Scots' schiltron formations forced the infantry back into the

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Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
William de
William the
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Wallace


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 advancing cavalry. A pivotal charge, led by one of <mask>'s captains, caused some of the English soldiers to retreat as others pushed forward, and under the overwhelming weight, the bridge collapsed and many English soldiers drowned. Thus, the Scots won a significant victory, boosting the confidence of their army.Hugh de Cressingham, Edward's treasurer in Scotland, died in the fighting and it is reputed that his body was subsequently flayed and the skin cut into small pieces as tokens of the victory. The Lanercost Chronicle records that <mask> had "a broad strip [of Cressingham's skin] ... taken from the head to the heel, to make therewith a baldrick for his sword". After the battle, Moray and <mask> assumed the title of Guardians of the Kingdom of Scotland on behalf of King John Balliol. Moray died of wounds suffered on the battlefield sometime in late 1297. Around November 1297, <mask> led a large-scale raid into northern England, through Northumberland and Cumberland. In a ceremony, at the 'Kirk o' the Forest' (Selkirk), towards the end of the year, <mask> was knighted. This would have been carried out by one of three Scottish earls—Carrick, Strathearn or Lennox.Battle of Falkirk

In April 1298, Edward ordered a second invasion of Scotland. Two days prior to the battle 25,781 foot soldiers were paid. More than half of them would have been Welsh. There are no clear cut sources for the presence of cavalry, but it is safe to assume that Edward had roughly 1500 horse under his command. They plundered Lothian and regained some castles, but failed to bring <mask> to combat; the Scots shadowed the English army, intending to avoid battle until shortages of supplies and money forced Edward to withdraw, at which point the Scots would harass his retreat. The English quartermasters' failure to prepare for the

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Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
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William Wallace


texts: expedition left morale and food supplies low, and a resulting riot within Edward's own army had to be put down by his cavalry. In July, while planning a return to Edinburgh for supplies, Edward received intelligence that the Scots were encamped nearby at Falkirk, and he moved quickly to engage them in the pitched battle he had long hoped for.<mask> arranged his spearmen in four schiltrons—circular, defensive hedgehog formations, probably surrounded by wooden stakes connected with ropes, to keep the infantry in formation. The English, however, employed Welsh longbowmen, who swung tactical superiority in their favour. The English proceeded to attack with cavalry and put the Scottish archers to flight. The Scottish cavalry withdrew as well, due to its inferiority to the English heavy horses. Edward's men began to attack the schiltrons, which were still able to inflict heavy casualties on the English cavalry. It remains unclear whether the infantry shooting bolts, arrows and stones at the spearmen proved the deciding factor, although it is very likely that it was the arrows of Edward's bowmen. Gaps in the schiltrons soon appeared, and the English exploited these to crush the remaining resistance.The Scots lost many men, including John de Graham. <mask> escaped, though his military reputation suffered badly. By September 1298, <mask> resigned as Guardian of Scotland in favour of Robert the Bruce, Earl of Carrick and future king, and John Comyn, King John Balliol's nephew. Details of <mask>'s activities after this are vague, but there is some evidence that he left on a mission to the court of King Philip IV of France to plead the case for assistance in the Scottish struggle for independence. There is a surviving letter from the French king dated 7 November 1300 to his envoys in Rome demanding that they should help

masks: Wallace Wallace Wallace Wallace


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 Sir <mask>. It also suggests that <mask> may have intended to travel to Rome, although it is not known if he did. There is also a report from an English spy at a meeting of Scottish leaders, where they said <mask> was in France.By 1304 <mask> was back in Scotland, and involved in skirmishes at Happrew and Earnside. Capture and execution

<mask> evaded capture by the English until 5 August 1305, when John de Menteith, a Scottish knight loyal to Edward, turned <mask> over to English soldiers at Robroyston near Glasgow. (The site is commemorated by a small monument in the form of a Celtic cross.) Letters of safe conduct from Haakon V of Norway, Philip IV of France and John Balliol, along with other documents, were found in <mask>'s possession and delivered to Edward by John de Segrave. <mask> was transported to London, lodged in the house of <mask> Leyrer, then taken to Westminster Hall, where he was tried for treason and for atrocities against civilians in war, "sparing neither age nor sex, monk nor nun." He was crowned with a garland of oak to suggest he was the king of outlaws. He responded to the treason charge, "I could not be a traitor to Edward, for I was never his subject."Following the trial, on 23 August 1305, <mask> was taken from the hall to the Tower of London, then stripped naked and dragged through the city at the heels of a horse to the Elms at Smithfield. He was hanged, drawn and quartered—strangled by hanging, but released while he was still alive, emasculated, eviscerated and his bowels burned before him, beheaded, then cut into four parts. His preserved head (dipped in tar) was placed on a pike atop London Bridge. It was later joined by the heads of the brothers, John and Simon Fraser. His limbs were displayed, separately, in Newcastle, Berwick, Stirling and Perth. A plaque unveiled 8 April

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William
Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
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William de
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 1956, stands in a wall of St. Bartholomew's Hospital near the site of <mask>'s execution at Smithfield. It includes in Latin the words "Dico tibi verum libertas optima rerum nunquam servili sub nexu vivito fili" (I tell you the truth.Freedom is what is best. Sons, never live life like slaves. ), and in Gaelic "Bas Agus Buaidh" (Death and Victory), an old Scottish battle cry. In 1869, the Wallace Monument was erected, close to the site of his victory at Stirling Bridge. The Wallace Sword, which supposedly belonged to <mask>, although some parts were made at least 160 years later, was held for many years in Dumbarton Castle and is now in the Wallace Monument. In popular culture

Film
 A well-known version of <mask>'s life is presented in the film Braveheart (1995), directed by and starring Mel Gibson as <mask>, written by <mask>, and filmed in Scotland and Ireland. The film was criticised for many historical inaccuracies.In the film Outlaw King (2018), Robert the Bruce (Chris Pine) is prompted to plan a revolt against the English after observing rioting induced by the public display of the quartered body of <mask>. Literature
Blind Harry's 15th-century poem has been a major influence on the legend of <mask>, including details like a wife called Marion Braidfute, and claiming that <mask> killed the Sheriff of Lanark in revenge for the killing of his wife. However much of this poem is unsubstantiated or at variance with contemporary sources. In 1793 Robert Burns wrote the lyrics to Scots Wha Hae wi <mask> bled. Jane Porter penned a romantic version of the <mask> legend in the historical novel The Scottish Chiefs (1810). In her prize-winning poem of 1819, <mask>'s Invocation to Bruce, Felicia Hemans imagines <mask> urging Bruce to continue the struggle for freedom after defeat at the Battle of Falkirk. In 1828,

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Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
Randall Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
Wallace
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Wallace


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 Walter Scott wrote of "The Story of Sir William <mask>" in his Tales of a Grandfather (first series).G. A. Henty wrote a novel about this time period titled In Freedom's Cause: A Story of <mask> and Bruce (1885). Henty, a producer of and writer for the Boy's Own Paper story paper, portrays the life of <mask>, Robert the Bruce, The Black Douglas and others, while dovetailing the events of his novel with historical fiction. Nigel Tranter wrote a historical novel titled The Wallace (1975), "admirably free of anything to do with Braveheart". The Temple and the Stone (1998), a novel by Katherine Kurtz and Deborah Turner Harris, includes a storyline creating a fictional connection between <mask> and Templar Knights. Gaming
Wallace is the subject and protagonist of the tutorial campaign in realtime strategy game Age of Empires II. Beer
A number of beers are named for <mask>. A brewery in Bridge of Allan, Scotland, makes a Scottish ale named "<mask>", and Scottish Maclays Brewery had a beer called "<mask>".See also
Auchenbathie Tower – <mask>'s Knowe
Clan Wallace
<mask>'s Heel Well – an imprint of <mask>'s heel in stone
<mask>'s Well – Robroyston, Glasgow

Notes

References

Bibliography

 Scott, Sir Walter. Exploits and death of <mask>, the 'Hero of Scotland'

External links

<mask> and Bruce
The Lübeck letter
<mask> letters to go on show

Year of birth unknown
1305 deaths
1305 in Scotland
Guardians of Scotland
Prisoners in the Tower of London
People executed under the Plantagenets by hanging, drawing and quartering
People executed under the Plantagenets for treason against England
Scottish people of the Wars of Scottish Independence
Scottish generals
Scottish knights
Scottish letter writers
Scottish rebels
Scottish Roman Catholics
Executed Scottish people
People from Renfrewshire
13th-century Scottish

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<mask> (August 16, 1889 – March 15, 1952) was a Mexican revolutionary general and military reformer. He served as Secretary of War in the cabinets of Presidents Plutarco Elías Calles, Emilio Portes Gil, and Pascual Ortiz Rubio, making him one of the longest-serving cabinet-level officials in Mexican history. His ambitious reforms of the fractious Mexican military transformed the armed forces from a political partisan to an armed force loyal to the president and government. He accomplished this "through a process of cultural reeducation that replaced an entrenched tradition of militarism with one emphasizing such values as discipline, duty, honor, and loyalty to the civilian government." Early life
<mask> was born in Corrales de Abrego in the municipality of Sombrerete, Zacatecas, the first of <mask> and Angela Domínguez's ten children. His family was of indigenous ancestry, although they were probably not Yaqui, as was widely assumed. While Amaro was still a child, the family moved to the nearby state of Durango, where his father worked on an hacienda.He learned to read and write, although probably without the benefit of formal schooling. Beginning in 1908, he worked in the office of the Saucillo hacienda where his father was employed, assisting with bookkeeping. With two incomes, the family was able to enjoy a comfortable existence. In 1910, his father sold his possessions and gave the money to his eldest son, advising him, "go to Durango with your mother and siblings, work for Mr. Calderón [a local store-owner], learn the business, get to know the town, and when you feel able, open your own store." His father left for Torreón in

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Joaquín Amaro Domínguez
Amaro
Antonio Amaro


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 November of that year, and although Amaro never saw him again, he read about his exploits with the revolutionary army of Colonel Luis Moya. Military career

Early Revolution
On February 28, 1911, Amaro enlisted in the Maderist army of General Domingo Arrieta. Shortly after Amaro enlisted, his father was killed in battle.After five months as a private, he was promoted every subsequent month, attaining the rank of lieutenant by December. As part of the army of Colonel Gertrudis G. Sánchez, whose forces Arrieta's had joined, Amaro fought against the Zapatistas in Morelos, engaging them at least nineteen times. In one of these engagements, the battle of Jojutla de Juárez, he earned the "Cruz de Segunda Clase," a heroism medal. From 1913 to 1914, he fought the federal troops under the command of Victoriano Huerta, continuing all the while to rise in rank. By 1914 he had risen to the rank of general. It was under the command of General Sánchez that Amaro developed the reputation of a fierce warrior. It was rumored that he wore an earring and used the battlecry "Here is the man of the pendant earring!Here is the Indian!" He also supposedly emulated the fighting style of the Yaqui people. He also developed the reputation of a harsh disciplinarian who occasionally used his riding crop to mete out corporal punishments to his subordinates. He may have even shot men in his charge or employ for disobeying orders. Conventionalists v. Constitutionalists
After the fall of Huerta, while still under the command of Sánchez, he briefly supported the conventionalist government of Eulalio Gutiérrez, before breaking with Sánchez to ally with the


texts:
 constitutionalist army of Venustiano Carranza. Shortly after Sánchez and <mask> joined the Constitutionalists, Sánchez ordered Amaro to attack a column of troops commanded by General Francisco Murguía, who, while also a Constitutionalists, was a rival of Sánchez. While initially successful, Murguía's troops eventually prevailed, and Murguía sought to have Amaro executed for treason, a charge he narrowly escaped.Rather than damaging the reputation of <mask>, however, the incident did more to isolate Sánchez, who Amaro abandoned. The split finally came in 1915, when <mask> advanced the troops under his command on the Villista División del Norte, leaving Sánchez in Michoacán. By this time, he had already professed allegiance to General Álvaro Obregón and the carrancista government. In April 1915, he led his troops, known as the "Rayados" ("striped ones"—so-called because the only uniforms Obregón could provide were prison uniforms) to support Obregón's defeat of the villistas in the second Battle of Celaya. Following the battle, Obregón named him Comandante militar ("military commander") of the 5th Division of the Army of the Northwest, and he was charged of ridding Michoacán of villista influence. At the end of 1915, the area under his command was expanded to include Guanajuato and Querétaro. In 1916, he again fought the zapatistas in Morelos and Guerrero.In 1917, he was placed under the command of Murguía, and led expeditions against the remaining villistas of Durango and Chihuahua. Rebellion against Carranza
When Obregón proclaimed the Plan of Agua Prieta against Carranza in 1920, Amaro remained loyal to Obregón, and was rewarded with

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 the rank of General de división, the highest military rank. He became chief military officer of the third military zone, which included the states of Coahuila, Nuevo León and San Luis Potosí. In this capacity, he undertook to professionalize the unorganized ranks under him, gaining experience that would later benefit his reorganization of the entire military. On September 3, 1921, while chief of operations of the third military zone, Amaro wed Elisa Izaguirre, originally of Morelia, Michoacán. There the couple had two children, Joaquín and Leonor. He later became commander of the seventh military zone, which comprised Nuevo León.There he put down the July rebellion of Pablo González. When in 1922 political unrest threatened to
destabilize Coahuila, Amaro positioned his troops to block the occupation of the state legislature and to protect the governor's palace. In 1923, he was sent to maintain order during Nuevo León's gubernatorial elections. Following a series of violent incidents, Amaro disarmed groups of rural fighters. After the assassination of Pancho Villa in July 1923, Amaro was widely suspected as one of the planners of the operation. Today, most historians attribute Villa's death to a well planned conspiracy, most likely initiated by then Minister of War Plutarco Elías Calles, who ordered Amaro to give support to the assassins. Amaro was later instrumental in freeing Jesús Salas Barraza, the leader of the group of assassins, from jail.<mask> never wavered from his support for Calles and Obregón, and he fully shared Calles' hatred of the clergy. Calles gave Amaro full support in continuing the latter's plan to reform the


texts:
 Mexican armed forces along anti-clerical and populist lines: I have fought without rest [...] against clericalism, large landowners, the militarism of the ex-Federals, the Spanish, and in general all those that do not contribute to the
enrichment of our beloved homeland and the betterment of the working
class. Despite these sentiments, neither Calles nor <mask> hesitated in taking action against the extreme left-wing. When José Guadalupe Rodríguez tried to organise "soldier soviets" on the Bolshevist pattern, he was promptly arrested and shot along with some of his soldiers. Moreover, when a peasant and labor bloc of the Communist International was formed under the artist Diego Rivera, it was forcibly disbanded. Many on the extreme left were sent to the Marias Islands penal colony. Delahuertist rebellion
In 1923, Amaro's chief of staff José Álvarez learned of the plot between generals Enrique Estrada, Guadalupe Sánchez, and Fortunato Maycotte to overthrow Obregón.Álvarez immediately returned to Nuevo León and informed <mask> of the plot, who promptly related the information to Obregón. The conspirators drafted Adolfo de la Huerta, then-Minister of Finance, to run for president against Plutarco Elias Calles, Obregón's chosen successor. Facing a rebellion with armies in the North, South, and East, Obregón relied on loyal generals such as Amaro to block rebel access to resources and the northern border and to put down the insurrection. <mask>, aided by General Lázaro Cárdenas, battled Estrada's forces, defeating them in the decisive battle of Ocotlán. Three days after the battle, <mask>'s troops occupied Guadalajara, where Estrada's

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 operation had been based. The rebellion crushed, the 1924 Mexican election was carried out peacefully. Post-war career
Following the election of Calles, <mask> was appointed Undersecretary of War.Francisco Serrano having been sent to Europe on a diplomatic mission late in Obregón's presidency, the Secretariat was unfilled. Calles may have been waiting to secure the support of generals Eugenio Martínez and Arnulfo Gómez, who were also potential candidates for the post. While undersecretary, Amaro initiated a series of legal reforms to purge the armed forces of "the germ of immorality and corruption." After an initial convention of important military figures, the Commission for Studies and Reforms of Military Laws and Regulations was formed. Ten months later, four new laws were promulgated. Amaro's four laws
The first, the Law of Discipline, was divided into three sections: General Duties, Corrective Discipline, and Court of Honor. The first three articles of the General Duties defined military duty in terms of "self-sacrifice, loyalty, guardianship, and adherence to the law."The subsequent articles dealt with specific issues. One clarified the officer's duty to maintain order within his ranks; another prohibited soldiers from complaining about orders. One article prohibited servicemembers from interfering in politics. The final articles concerned decorum, and required subordinates to salute and give up their seats to superiors. The Corrective Discipline section described the circumstances in which soldiers could be arrested for breaking the law, and required that such arrests be recorded in the offender's file. The Court of Honor section


texts: was written for people who committed offenses that threatened the reputation of a unit or of the "dignity of the military." It established a system of courts martial to punish drunkenness, gambling, mismanagement of funds, and negligence.Punishments for those found guilty ranged from transfer to demotion to imprisonment. The second law, the Law of Retirements and Pensions, allowed servicemembers who had given twenty to thirty-five years of service to retire at will. It also required retirement at a certain age that was dependent on rank. Finally, it provided for pensions for disabled servicemen and their families. The third law, the Law of Promotions and Rewards, set up two distinct rubrics for promotion: one for peacetime and one for wartime. Peacetime promotions were tied directly to military education. Wartime promotions could be granted for heroic actions such as preventing enemy capture of artillery pieces, and could only be given by high-ranking officers.These promotions had to be approved by higher bodies. These reforms were an effort to end the practice of opportunistic and haphazard promotions which had inflated the number of generals in Mexico's officer corps during the Revolution. The purpose of the fourth law, the Organic Law, was to organize the armed services. The first section sought to redefine the relationship between generals and the soldiers under them, demanding that all personnel be loyal to the nation and the constitution and take their orders from the President or his designees. It further delineated the five military branches: high command, combat arms, auxiliary services, special corps, and for the first time,


texts:
 military education establishments, and specified the structures of each. It stratified servicemembers into three classifications: active, reserve, and retired. Another section of the law structured the navy.<mask> as Secretary of War
<mask> was appointed Secretary of War by President Calles on July 27, 1925. Upon his appointment to the Secretariat, <mask> moved to Rancho de la Hormiga, a 40,468 square meter (ten acre) ranch that later became the presidential palace Los Pinos. There his children Guillermo, Manuel, and Elisa were born. He installed recreational facilities such as stables, polo fields, and tennis courts, as well as a military school at the ranch. Prior to his appointment as Undersecretary of War, Amaro had laid plans for a Grand Military Academy of the Army. He made arrangements for the government to purchase to tracts of land, but the school never materialized. Rather, he focused his efforts on the Heroic Military Academy.Despite its excellent reputation, by the end of the Revolution, the College was in a state of disrepair. On September 30, 1925, Amaro shut it down for a major overhaul that took ten months. In addition to new facilities, it also boasted a new curriculum that emphasized civic and moral virtues. Admission requirements were put into place, and included letters of recommendation that could vouch for an applicant's moral character. <mask>'s efforts to reform the Mexican military and society extended beyond the realm of military education: he also founded publications that combatted the influence of the Catholic Church and of large landowners in the public consciousness. He had already founded two publications,


texts: Acción and El Agrarista, as well as publishing a tract entitled El Gato in the early 1920s. However, 1925 saw a large increase in the number of military journals published in Mexico.Those already in existence, such as the Revista del Ejército y de la Marina (Magazine of the Army and the Navy), took a new editorial stance under the direction of Professor Ignacio Richkarday, who Amaro had appointed editor, to moralize the army. While Revista was aimed at the officer corps, Amaro founded El Soldado, which emphasized the same themes, as a supplement for enlisted men. 1926 saw the founding of two more publications, Revista del Heróico Colegio Militar and Gladiador. In 1927, Generals Francisco Serrano and Arnulfo Gómez conspired with General Eugenio Martínez to seize Calles, Obregón, and Amaro in hopes of igniting a rebellion against the reelection of Obregón. Martínez informed Calles of the plot before it could be enacted, and Serrano and Gómez were caught and executed. Although Amaro sought to reform all branches of the Mexican military, he remained a political revolutionary general of the old school. As an army general, he understood little or nothing about aviation.He was slow to advance the progress of the Mexican Air Force, which had only three squadrons of obsolete aircraft during <mask>'s tenure as Minister of War. When President Obregón was assassinated by pro-clergy forces sixteen days after his 1928 re-election, many generals and other important figures in Mexican politics urged Amaro to run for the office. He always politely declined, stating that he had "never thought to dedicate [his] activities to politics." In February 1929,


texts:
 <mask> was injured during a game of fronton. He took a leave of absence from the Secretariat to seek medical attention at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. During his three-month convalescence, which left him with a glass eye, Calles assumed the Secretariat, in which capacity he put down the Escobar rebellion against Emilio Portes Gil, who had been appointed interim president in the wake of Obregon's assassination. Upon his return to Mexico and the Secretariat in May, he found a situation in which Calles was still attempting to control national politics from behind the scenes.Pascual Ortiz Rubio, Portes Gil's successor, was suspicious of Amaro, as was Calles. Calles, purporting to have received information that Amaro was planning on assassinating him or overthrowing Ortiz Rubio, informed the President of the alleged plot. Ortiz Rubio deferred to Calles to take care of the situation, and the Jefe Máximo met with three other cabinet officials, convincing them to resign so as to make it appear that the "cabinet crisis" did not center around Amaro. They agreed, and the following day, Calles, <mask>, and the other three secretarys met at Amaro's estate. There, all four cabinet ministers agreed to resign. <mask> was succeeded by Calles, who appointed him director of the Heroic Military Academy. Target of Rumors
<mask>'s military reforms cut the Mexican military budget from one-third to one-quarter of the total Mexican government budget, and they resulted in the dismissal of numerous junior officers.The reforms, his involvement in suppressing leftists and the now-confirmed suspicion of his role in Pancho Villa's assassination, made


texts:
 <mask> very unpopular in some circles and a target of vicious, false rumors. One example is the tale that Amaro sent Captain Emilio Carranza a telegram ordering Carranza on July 13, 1928 to begin immediately a non-stop flight from New York City to Mexico City, which ended with the captain's fatal crash in the New Jersey Pine Barrens. However, contemporary news reports in the Evening Courier, Camden, NJ and New York Times show the story of the "fateful telegram" to be a fabrication. Another example is the story that Amaro shot and killed a groom whom disobeyed his order to walk his polo pony and instead rode it to the stables, which the U.S. Ambassador to Mexico and his military attache passed to the Department of State. However, there is good reason to believe that Ambassabor James R. Sheffield loathed the Mexican Revolutionary leaders and would have passed on any rumor to discredit them regardless of its veracity. He used racial stereotypes to describe them, calling Calles "an Armenian and Indian" and "<mask>, Secretary of War, a pure blooded Indian and very cruel."Later career
Amaro sought to create a Superior War College along the lines of France's École Supérieure de Guerre to train an elite group of officers. To this end he sent a number of generals to study the militaries and military academies of European and South American states. Amaro led the Heroic Military Academy from 1931 until 1935, and directed military education for the Secretariat of War from 1931 to 1936. During World War II, he was responsible for defending the region of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec from Axis aggressions. Legacy
<mask> died in 1952 and was buried in the


texts:
 Panteón Francés de la Piedad. In 1966, his body was exhumed and reburied in Panteón Francés de San Joaquín. In the 1960s, a statue of Amaro on horseback was erected in Mexico City's Chapultepec Park.Offices

References

External links
  General de <mask> <mask> Domínguez from the Secretariat of National Defense

1889 births
1952 deaths
Indigenous Mexicans
Mexican generals
Mexican Secretaries of Defense
People of the Mexican Revolution
People from

masks:
División Joaquín
Amaro


texts:
James "<mask>" <mask> (born April 7, 1960) is an American former professional boxer who competed between 1981 and 1999. He reigned as undisputed world heavyweight champion in 1990 after defeating Mike Tyson to win the title. His victory over Tyson is regarded as one of the greatest upsets in sports history. <mask> was a 42-to-1 underdog going into his 1990 fight against Tyson, who was undefeated and considered to be the best boxer in the world for his domination of the division over the previous three years. Defying expectations, <mask> knocked out Tyson in the 10th round to claim the WBC, WBA, and IBF titles. He reigned as the world heavyweight champion for eight months until he was defeated by Evander Holyfield in his only title defense. Retiring shortly after the loss, <mask> returned to boxing between 1996 and 1999 until he retired a second and final time.Early life
The son of professional boxer William "Dynamite" <mask>, <mask> grew up in Columbus, Ohio, in the predominantly black Linden neighborhood of Windsor Terrace. It was his father, who ran a gym at the Blackburn Recreation Center near Downtown Columbus, and subsequently introduced young James to boxing (in the same way James would later bring his son Lamar to the same gym.) He attended Linden McKinley High School, where he played football and basketball, leading Linden to a Class AAA state basketball championship in 1977. After high school, <mask> played basketball for the Coffeyville Community College Red Ravens in Coffeyville, Kansas, from 1977 to 1978; the 17-year-old was a 6'0" power forward. He is in the Coffeyville Community College Men's Basketball Hall of Fame. He also played basketball at Sinclair Community College from 1979 to 1980 in Dayton, Ohio, before attending Mercyhurst University on a basketball scholarship. He moved back to Columbus to focus on boxing.Professional career

<mask> made his debut on May 31, 1981, and defeated Dan O'Malley in a four-round bout. He was managed by John Johnson (former Ohio State assistant

masks: Buster Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas Douglas


texts: football coach.) He won his first five fights before coming into a fight with David Bey twenty pounds heavier than he usually did in his early fights. Bey knocked <mask> out in the second round to hand him his first defeat. After six more fights, all wins, <mask> fought Steffen Tangstad to a draw on October 16, 1982. He was penalized two points during the course of the fight which proved to be the difference. After the draw <mask> beat largely journeyman fighters over the next fourteen months.Two of his wins were against Jesse Clark. <mask> fought him a total of three times and knocked him out all three times. In his last fight of 1983, <mask> was dominating opponent Mike White, but White knocked him out in the ninth round. On November 9, <mask> was scheduled to fight heavyweight contender Trevor Berbick in Las Vegas. Berbick pulled out of the bout three days before it was scheduled and Randall "Tex" Cobb elected to take the fight in Berbick's place. <mask> defeated the former heavyweight contender by winning a majority decision. The next year, he fought up-and-coming contender Jesse Ferguson, In 1986 <mask> fought only three times defeating former champion Greg Page and fringe contender David Jaco in two of the fights.This earned him a shot at the International Boxing Federation championship that Michael Spinks was stripped of for refusing to defend it. <mask> started well against Tony Tucker and was ahead on points, but he ran out of gas and was stopped in the tenth round. After the Tucker defeat and series of disagreements James split with his father, the <mask> family was shattered, James started business from scratch and handpicked another team for himself, particularly a new trainer. This won him four consecutive fights and he went on to fight Trevor Berbick in 1989, winning by a unanimous decision. He followed that up with a unanimous decision victory over future heavyweight champion Oliver McCall, and earned a shot at the undisputed heavyweight championship held by Mike Tyson, who became the

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 universally recognized champion after knocking out Spinks in one round in 1988. (<mask> fought on the undercard of the event and defeated Mike Williams by TKO in seven rounds.) Undisputed heavyweight champion

The fight against Mike Tyson was scheduled for February 11, 1990, and took place in Tokyo at the Tokyo Dome.Almost everyone assumed that the bout was going to be another quick knockout for the champion. No challenger had taken Tyson beyond the fifth round since 1987. Many thought it was just an easy tune-up for Tyson before a future mega-fight with undefeated Evander Holyfield, who had recently moved up to heavyweight from cruiserweight where he became the first boxer to be the undisputed champion of the weight class. <mask> was given so little chance of lasting against Tyson, let alone beating him, that nearly every betting parlor in Las Vegas refused to hold odds for the fight. The one casino that did, The Mirage, made <mask> a 42-to-1 underdog. <mask>'s mother, Lula Pearl, suddenly died at the age of 46, 23 days before the title bout. <mask>, who had trained hard, surprised the world by dominating the fight from the beginning, using his 12-inch reach advantage to perfection.He seemingly hit Tyson at will with jabs and right hands and danced out of range of Tyson's own punches. The champion had not taken <mask> seriously, expecting another quick and easy knockout victory. He was slow, refusing to move his head and slip his way in (his usual effective strategy) but rather setting his feet and throwing big, lunging hooks, repeatedly trying to beat <mask> with single punches. By the fifth round, Tyson's left eye was swelling shut from <mask>'s many right jabs, and ringside HBO announcers proclaimed it was the most punishment they had ever seen the champion absorb. Larry Merchant memorably added, "Well, if Mike Tyson, who loves pigeons, was looking for a pigeon in this bout, he hasn't found him." Tyson's cornermen appeared to be unprepared for the suddenly dire situation. They had not brought an

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texts: endswell or an ice pack to the fight, so they were forced to put tap water into a latex glove to hold over Tyson's swelling eye.By the end of the fight, Tyson's eye had swollen almost completely shut. In the eighth round, Tyson landed a right uppercut that knocked <mask> down. The referee's count created controversy as <mask> was on his feet when the referee reached nine, although the official knockdown timekeeper was two seconds ahead. In the ring, the final arbiter of the knockdown seconds is the referee and a comparison with <mask>' winning knockdown count issued to Tyson two rounds later revealed that both fighters had received long counts. Tyson came out aggressively in the dramatic ninth round and continued his attempts to end the fight with one big punch hoping that <mask> was still hurt from the eighth round knockdown. Both men traded punches before <mask> connected on a multi-punch combination that staggered Tyson back to the ropes. With Tyson hurt along the ropes <mask> unleashed a vicious attack to try to finish off a dazed Tyson but, amazingly, Tyson withstood the punishment and barely survived the ninth round.In the tenth round, the severe punishment <mask> had inflicted on Tyson finally began to take its toll on the champion. <mask> dominated the round from the outset. While setting Tyson up with his jab <mask> scored a huge uppercut that snapped Tyson's head upward. He followed with a rapid four-punch combination to the head, and knocked Tyson down for the first time in his career. Tyson struggled to his knees and picked up his mouthpiece lying on the mat next to him. He awkwardly attempted to place it back into his mouth. The image of Tyson with the mouthpiece hanging crookedly from his lips would become an enduring image from the fight.He was unable to beat the referee's count, and <mask> was the new world heavyweight champion. As <mask> said in an interview years later, “I thought Tyson was getting up until I had seen him looking for that mouth piece and then I knew that he was

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 really hurt. So anytime you know you only got ten seconds to get up so you aren’t going to worry about anything but just getting up first. So when I had seen him looking around for that mouth piece I knew he was really hurt.”

<mask>'s joy over the victory soon turned to confusion and anger as manager John Johnson informed him in the dressing room that Tyson and Don King were lodging an official protest about the referee's knockdown count in the eighth round. A week later, during a television interview, <mask> said that the protest and the post-fight confusion ruined what should have been the best time of his life. Losing the title

Although the IBF immediately recognized <mask> as its champion, the WBA and WBC initially refused due to Tyson's protest. However, Tyson withdrew his protest four days later amid worldwide public outcry and demands from boxing commissions around the world, and <mask> was officially recognized as undisputed heavyweight champion.While still champion, <mask> appeared on the February 23, 1990 episode of the World Wrestling Federation's The Main Event III, as special guest referee for a rematch between Hulk Hogan and "Macho Man" Randy Savage. Originally, Tyson was scheduled to be the guest referee, but following the upset, the WWF rushed to sign on <mask> for the event. At the end of the match, <mask> was provoked into a kayfabe punch and knockout of Savage, who was the heel wrestler in the match. The defeated Tyson clamored for a rematch and <mask> was offered more money than he had ever made for a fight. Not wanting to deal with Tyson's camp or his promoter Don King, <mask> decided to make his first defense against #1 contender Evander Holyfield, who had watched the new champion dethrone Tyson from ringside in Tokyo. <mask> went into the October 25, 1990 fight at 246 pounds, 15 pounds heavier than he was for the Tyson match and also the heaviest he had weighed in for a fight since a 1985 bout with Dion Simpson, in which he tipped the scale at just over 247 pounds. <mask>


texts:
 came out rather sluggish, and was thoroughly dominated by Holyfield during the first two rounds.In the third round <mask> attempted to hit Holyfield with a hard uppercut that he telegraphed. Holyfield avoided the uppercut and knocked an off-balance <mask> to the canvas with a straight right to the chin. <mask> merely lay flat on his back, motionless and disoriented, as referee Mills Lane stopped the fight. <mask> retired after that bout. Later career
<mask> vs Holyfield was a reported $24.6 million payday for <mask>. Doing little for the next several years, <mask> gained weight, reaching nearly 400 pounds. It was only after he nearly died during a diabetic coma that he decided to attempt a return to the sport.He went back into training and made a comeback. He was successful at first, winning six straight fights, but his comeback almost came to a halt in a 1997 disqualification win over journeyman Louis Monaco. In a bizarre ending, Monaco landed a right hand, just after the bell ending round one, that knocked <mask> to the canvas. <mask> was unable to continue after a five-minute rest period and was consequently awarded the win by disqualification (on account of Monaco's illegal punch). A fight with light-heavyweight champion Roy Jones, Jr. was touted in the late 1990s, although ultimately fell through. In 1998, <mask> was knocked out in the first round of a fight with heavyweight contender Lou Savarese. <mask> subsequently had two more fights, winning both, and retired in 1999 with a final record of 38–6–1.In the media

<mask> made a guest appearance in the 1990s cop show Street Justice. <mask> made his feature film acting debut in the Artie Knapp science fiction comedy film Pluto's Plight. The 1988 arcade game Final Blow was released as James 'Buster' <mask> Knockout Boxing in 1990 for the Sega Master System and Sega Genesis, which replaced one of the fictional fighters with <mask>. This game is considered as a response to Nintendo's Mike Tyson's Punch-Out! !, especially since Tyson lost to <mask>,

masks:
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Buster Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
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Douglas
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texts:
 which Sega took advantage in order to promote their early "Genesis does what Nintendon't" advertisements – an advertising campaign in which <mask> frequently participated. In 1995, HBO aired Tyson, a television movie based upon the life of Mike Tyson. <mask> was portrayed by actor Duane Davis.On February 23, 1990, <mask> made a special appearance as a guest referee on WWF's The Main Event III in a match-up between Hulk Hogan and "Macho Man" Randy Savage. Mike Tyson was originally scheduled to be the special guest referee, but this changed following <mask>' knockout title win over Tyson just under two weeks before, on February 11. <mask>' upset against Tyson is the inspiration for The Killers' song "Tyson vs <mask>" from their Wonderful Wonderful album. Singer songwriter Brandon Flowers used the childhood memory of watching the seemingly invincible Tyson lose, as the motivation for a song that's about "me and my family, and the way I’m perceived by my kids. I don’t want them to see me go down like Tyson". Honors
<mask> is one of the few non-students to be honored by Ohio State University with the opportunity to dot the "i" during the performance of the Script Ohio by The Ohio State University Marching Band. Professional boxing record

See also
List of heavyweight boxing champions
List of undisputed boxing champions

References

14."<mask>' Knockout BBQ" Fox News. 2010-07-20. External links

Cyber Boxing Zone
ESPN.com
Video of <mask> knocking out Mike Tyson
 Christof Gertsch, Mikael Krogerus: Der letzte Kampf. In: Das Magazin No. 39, 26. September 2020,  p. 10–35 (online Part 1; Part 2; German)

1960 births
African-American boxers
American male boxers
American men's basketball players
Boxers from Columbus, Ohio
Coffeyville Red Ravens men's basketball players
International Boxing Federation champions
Living people
People with type 1 diabetes
World Boxing Association champions
World Boxing Council champions
World heavyweight boxing champions
21st-century African-American people
20th-century

masks:
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
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<mask> (born 1945) is a professor of sociology. As the S. Frank Miyamoto Professor of Sociology at the University of Washington, <mask> studies labor market stratification, examining job queues, nonstandard work, sex segregation, and affirmative action policies in employment and university admissions, mechanisms of work-place discrimination, and the role of credit markets in income poverty and inequality. <mask> has spent many years teaching, holding previous faculty positions at University of California-Davis, Indiana University, University of Michigan, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Harvard, and Ohio State University. <mask> has written six books and many articles on gender and racial inequality in the workplace. Biography
<mask> was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, and grew up in Renton, Washington. After a brief stint at Reed College, <mask> moved to Cleveland, Ohio, where she was involved in the Congress on Racial Equality. <mask> returned to the Pacific Northwest and received her bachelor's degree, in 1968, and Ph.D., in 1973, from the University of Washington.Honors
<mask> served on the Board of Overseers of the General Social Survey and on several National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council committees. A past fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, <mask> is a fellow of the American Association of Arts and Sciences and a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. She served as the 93rd President of the American Sociological Association in 2002 and was awarded a Distinguished Scholar Award of the ASA Section on Sex and Gender. Other honors include the Cheryl Miller-Sociologists for Women in Society Lecturership and the SWS Mentorship Award. Queuing theory
<mask> is known for her expansion and use of queuing theory to explain the persistence sex segregation in the workplace despite the movement of many women into new occupational fields. While occupational segregation has declined since 1970, most workers remain in sex-segregated jobs. Through the queuing approach we are

masks:
Barbara Reskin
Reskin
Reskin
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Reskin
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Reskin
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Barbara Reskin


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 able to see how and why sex segregation remains a prominent feature of the workplace.A variety of social and economic forces enable segregation as well as to diminish it. Queuing
A queuing perspective suggests that labor markets consist of labor queues and job queues. Labor queues consist of all possible workers in a "queue" to fill a particular job, and the employer determines the order of the workers in this queue. Similarly, job queues consist of all possible jobs available to a worker, with workers ranking the available jobs. Employers hire workers from as high in the labor queue as possible and the workers will accept the best possible job. By doing this the most wanted jobs go to the most favored workers, while the less preferred jobs go to the less wanted workers. This procedure then leaves the deprived workers with no job or occupying jobs that others have rejected.Three factors influence job and labor queues: the ordering of the elements, whether or not these elements overlap, and lastly their shape. The order of the elements pertains to the order that workers rank preferred jobs and employers rank potential workers. The overlap of the elements refers to the strength of the ranker’s choices for one element over another. The shape is determined by the absolute and relative numbers of elements in a queue. An example would be a situation in which the preferred workers group was the same size as the preferred job group, in which the preferred group will dominate the occupation of the good jobs. Occupational feminization
There are four notable reasons that there has been a change in occupations' sex composition. The first is job deterioration which is attributed to the changing of the ordering of job queues.Most of the jobs <mask> studied feminized after the rewards changed, therefore making them less appealing than other possibilities. The second factor is job growth which shows that there was a change in the shape of the job queues. There was a time when you wouldn’t need to hire women because you had enough men to do the


texts:
 job. But with an increasing job market, there was more of a spread of who wanted what jobs. The third factor was the emergence of a sex-specific demand for women which reflected the changes in the ordering of labor queues. After anti-discrimination laws were passed, employers were concerned about the costs—both monetarily and reputation-based—that they would run into by hiring solely men. Connected to the third factor is the fourth which is the declining preference for men.This is due to the changes in employers’ preferences. As stated before, the public would no longer tolerate discrimination towards women. Actions such as the civil rights movement and the feminist movement reinforced this concept. Understanding occupational composition
First, we see that queuing highlights the group nature of sex segregation that occurs due to rankings that are socially structured by groups in conflict. It also takes the effects of noneconomic factors into account—the rankings of both employers on potential employees and perspective employees’ rankings on the jobs available. Lastly, queuing presumes that a person will rank occupations similarly based on their sex, which ultimately foreshadows women’s entry into traditionally male occupations based on the rewards they offer. Publications

Books

Book chapters

Recent peer-reviewed articles

References

External links
Biography at UW
Harvard Gazette story
West Coast Poverty Center bio
Center for the Study of Inequality, Cornell University, bio
<mask>, <mask>. and Roos, Patricia A.(1990). Job Queues, Gender Queues: Explaining Women's Inroads Into Male Occupations. Temple University Press. Year of birth missing (living people)
1940s births
Living people
Reed College alumni
University of Washington alumni
Harvard University faculty
University of Michigan faculty
Indiana University faculty
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign faculty
People from Renton, Washington
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
American sociologists
American women sociologists
21st-century American

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Barbara F


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<mask> (September 21, 1931 – November 23, 2012) was an American film and television actor, director, and producer, best known for playing ruthless oil baron J. R. Ewing in the 1978–1991 primetime television soap opera Dallas and the befuddled astronaut Major Anthony Nelson in the 1965–1970 sitcom I Dream of Jeannie. <mask> had supporting roles in numerous films, including Fail-Safe, Harry and Tonto, S.O.B.,  Nixon, and Primary Colors. His television appearances also included guest roles on dozens of shows spanning from the late 1950s until his death, and a reprise of his signature role on the 2012 revival of Dallas. <mask> also worked as a television producer and director. He was the son of actress Mary Martin. <mask> underwent a life-saving liver transplant in 1995. He died on November 23, 2012, from complications of acute myeloid leukemia.Early life
<mask> was born on September 21, 1931, in Fort Worth, Texas. His mother, Mary Martin, became a Broadway actress and musical comedy star after his birth. His father, Benjamin Jackson <mask>, who was of Swedish descent, was an accountant and lawyer who worked as a district attorney. <mask>'s parents divorced in 1936 when he was five years old. He lived with his maternal grandmother, Juanita Presley Martin, in Texas and California, while his mother became a contract player with Paramount in 1938. In 1940, <mask>'s mother met and married Richard Halliday before giving birth to a daughter, Heller, the following year. Hagman attended a strict academy, Black-Foxe Military Institute and briefly Woodstock Country School, a boarding school in Vermont.When his mother moved to New York City to resume her Broadway career, <mask> again lived with his grandmother in California. A few years later, his grandmother died, so <mask> joined his mother in New York City. In 1946, <mask> moved back to his hometown of Weatherford, and attended Weatherford High School, from which he graduated. One

masks:
Larry Martin Hagman
Hagman
Hagman
Hagman
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Hagman
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