texts: resulted in its detonation.Dannatt was uninjured but four soldiers, including Dannatt's company commander—Major Peter Willis—were killed. Shortly after, Dannatt arrested a man in connection with the incident and later gave evidence against him in court. Dannatt graduated in 1976 and, rejoining his regiment, was posted to Berlin. He was appointed battalion adjutant and promoted to captain in July 1977. On 11 November 1977, Dannatt, then just 26, suffered a major stroke and spent most of the next two years recovering, but was allowed to return to duty in 1978. He was posted to Northern Ireland, accompanied by his wife, who gave birth to the couple's first son in Craigavon Area Hospital a few weeks into the tour. Dannatt left Northern Ireland ahead of the rest of the battalion and was posted to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in Surrey, then under the command of Major General (later General Sir) Rupert Smith, and expected this to be his last posting in the light of his stroke.He applied for a variety of jobs outside the Army but, after Smith's encouragement, sat the entrance exams for Staff College, Camberley, also in Surrey. He passed the entrance exams and turned down two civilian job offers to accept his place. Before Camberley, in late 1980, Dannatt was posted to Catterick Garrison, North Yorkshire, as a company commander. In early 1981, his company took over the running of HM Prison Frankland during a month-long strike by prison officers. Shortly after the end of the strike, he was posted to Cyprus with the United Nations peacekeeping force before returning to Surrey for the start of the one-year Command and Staff Course at Camberley. After


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texts: completing the course, he was promoted to major on 30 September 1982, and appointed chief of staff to 20th Armoured Brigade, based in West Germany. After two years as chief of staff, Dannatt returned to the Green Howards, then also based in West Germany, to command a company for the second time in his career.He was posted to Northern Ireland for six months in 1985, his fifth tour of the province, though it was significantly quieter than his previous tours. He was appointed Military Assistant to the Minister of State for the Armed Forces in 1986, his first position at the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in London. Promoted to lieutenant colonel on 30 June 1987, Dannatt spent three years at the MoD, in a role he described as "bridging the gap" between the military and politicians, most of whom did not have first-hand experience in the armed forces. At the end of his tenure, he was involved with Field Marshal Sir Nigel Bagnall's British Military Doctrine in its final stages as it was submitted for ministerial approval. The Green Howards celebrated their 300th anniversary in 1988 and Dannatt took command of the regiment in 1989. He was responsible for overseeing its transition into an airmobile role, forming part of 24th Airmobile Brigade. He served his sixth and final tour in Northern Ireland in 1991 when the Green Howards were deployed to South Armagh for a month.Returning to Staff College, Camberley, Dannatt took the Higher Command and Staff Course (HCSC), after which he was promoted to colonel on 31 December 1991, backdated to 30 June 1991, and tasked with the running of the HCSC, as well as updating the British Military Doctrine in the light of the end of


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 the Cold War. He also drafted the campaign plan for Lieutenant General (later General Sir) Mike Rose's command of the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) in the Balkans. Dannatt was promoted to brigadier on 31 December 1993, backdated to 30 June 1993, and took command of 4th Armoured Brigade, based in Germany. He spent 1994 commanding the brigade and overseeing training and, in 1995, was posted to Bosnia along with his headquarters staff, leaving the rest of the brigade in Germany and taking command of separate units already deployed in Bosnia. He commanded UNPROFOR's Sector South West, composed of troops from multiple nations, while also serving as Commander of British Forces (COMBRITFOR), responsible for overseeing operations of all British troops in Bosnia. After the signing of the Dayton Agreement in November 1995, UNPROFOR became the NATO-led Implementation Force and Dannatt's brigade was incorporated into a multi-national division commanded by Mike Jackson. Dannatt was later appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) for his service in the Balkans.Handing over 4th Armoured Brigade to <mask>, Dannatt was appointed Director, Defence Programme Staff at the MoD in 1996 and was responsible for part of the implementation of the Strategic Defence Review, produced by the Labour government that had come to power in 1997. High command
After three years at the MoD, Dannatt attained general officer status with promotion to major general, and took command of the 3rd Mechanised Division in January 1999. Later in the year, the prospect of NATO intervention in the Kosovo War became likely, and Dannatt and his staff began planning for


texts: a potential ground invasion of the territory. In the event, Slobodan Milošević agreed to withdraw Serbian–Yugoslav forces from Kosovo, the practicalities of which were negotiated by Mike Jackson. It was decided, given the large number of British troops serving as part of the multinational Kosovo Force (KFOR), that the 3rd Division's headquarters would deploy to oversee British operations, with Dannatt as COMBRITFOR. Not long after Dannatt's arrival, a Russian armoured column moved into Kosovo and took control of Pristina Airport. Wesley Clark, NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Europe, subsequently ordered Jackson, commander of KFOR, to block the runways of the airport and prevent Russia flying in reinforcements.The issue eventually became moot but Dannatt, as COMBRITFOR, had been ordered to veto the use of British troops—known in NATO as a "red card", afforded to each national contingent commander—for any such operation. He was later awarded the Queen's Commendation for Valuable Service for his conduct in Kosovo. Returning to the 3rd Division, Dannatt planned two exercises at the British Army Training Unit Suffield in Canada. The first was, at the time, the largest exercise the Army had run since the end of the Cold War; the second only took place after Dannatt's tenure as commander had expired. Dannatt gave evidence as an expert witness in the trial of Radislav Krstić in relation to the Srebrenica massacre, shortly after which he was posted to Bosnia, where he served as deputy commander of NATO's Stabilisation Force in 2000. His tour, originally scheduled to last a full year was cut short when Sir Michael Willcocks took early retirement from the Army


texts: in order to become Black Rod. The resulting personnel changes to fill the vacancy meant that Dannatt was appointed Assistant Chief of the General Staff (ACGS) in April 2001.In September 2001, he was on a visit to British troops in Cyprus and watched the immediate aftermath of the September 11 attacks on television. As ACGS, he was peripherally involved in planning for the Army's subsequent involvement in Afghanistan and later Iraq, as well as standing in for the Chief of the General Staff (then Michael Walker) when Walker was unavailable. Dannatt was succeeded as ACGS by <mask>, to whom he had handed over command of 4th Armoured Brigade in 1996 and who later succeeded Dannatt as Chief of the General Staff. Dannatt was appointed Commander, Allied Rapid Reaction Corps (COMARRC) on 16 January 2003 and promoted to lieutenant general the same day. During his tenure, he was predominantly concerned with planning for possible deployment of the ARRC in Iraq and Afghanistan. It was eventually deployed to Afghanistan, but not until after Dannatt had handed over its command to <mask>. Dannatt was knighted with his investiture as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in June 2004.He succeeded Sir Timothy Granville-Chapman as Commander-in-Chief, Land Command (CINCLAND)—responsible for day-to-day running of the Army—on 7 March 2005, and was promoted to full general the same day. The prevailing issue during his tenure as Commander-in-Chief was the reorganisation of the infantry, an emotive issue as it resulted in the loss of many historic regimental names, including Dannatt's regiment, the Green Howards, which became 2nd Battalion, the Yorkshire Regiment

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 (Green Howards). However, his term also coincided with an increase in the intensity of simultaneous operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, and Dannatt formed the view that government spending priorities did not accurately reflect the commitments of the British Armed Forces at the time. Chief of the General Staff

Upon the retirement of Sir Mike Jackson, Dannatt was appointed Chief of the General Staff (CGS)—the professional head of the British Army—on 29 August 2006. Concerned that the formation of the British Armed Forces Federation meant that soldiers were losing confidence in generals to lobby on their behalf, his first act as CGS was to write a long letter to the Secretary of State for Defence, Des Browne, which he copied to the MoD's senior civil servant, Bill Jeffrey; Air Chief Marshal Sir Jock Stirrup, Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS); and to the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Air Staff—his opposite numbers in the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force respectively. In the letter, he asserted his view that the Army was over-stretched by operations in Iraq and Afghanistan and that essential equipment, such as helicopters, was unavailable or ineffective and outdated, like the Snatch Land Rover. He also raised concerns with the standard of accommodation provided for soldiers at home and with soldiers' wages.The following weekend, he travelled to Afghanistan on his first official visit as CGS. He met Des Browne in person for the first time two days after becoming CGS and later acknowledged the difficulties faced by defence secretaries in the little time they have to prepare for the role. Later in his tenure as CGS, Dannatt became concerned that his public


texts: profile was not high enough that he would be listened to outside of the Army, especially given the ongoing controversy surrounding the courts-martial of soldiers alleged to be involved in the death of Baha Mousa. As such, he accepted an invitation to an informal gathering of officers and journalists at the Cavalry and Guards Club in September 2006. During the gathering, he raised issues with journalists about defence spending in general and soldiers' wages in particular. To his surprise, and as a result of media pressure and internal lobbying, a bonus for soldiers who had served six-month tours in Iraq and Afghanistan was announced a month later. Dannatt appeared in newspaper headlines in October 2006 when he gave an interview for Sarah Sands of the Daily Mail in which he opined that a drawdown of troops from Iraq was necessary in order to allow the Army to focus on Afghanistan, and that wounded soldiers should recover in a military environment rather than civilian hospitals.His comments were supported by several journalists and retired officers, though others believed Dannatt had acted improperly and called for his resignation, while Simon Jenkins of The Times called Dannatt's comments "either daringly brave or totally naive". Dannatt went on to chair a conference of welfare providers to military personnel in order to show that the Army understood the issues affecting its soldiers and to organise a series of smaller conferences, hosted by himself and Sir Freddie Viggers—then Adjutant-General to the Forces—to discuss welfare issues with commanding officers across the UK. In 2007, Dannatt and his wife, Pippa, visited Headley Court, an MoD


texts: rehabilitation centre for wounded personnel, where the commanding officer informed the Dannatts of his desire for a swimming pool, but accepted that it was unlikely to receive government funding. Some time later, the Dannatts were introduced to Bryn and Emma Parry by Sarah-Jane Shirreff—the wife of Sir <mask>—and the Dannatts assisted the Parrys with the formation of Help for Heroes, set up with the specific aim of funding the swimming pool at Headley Court. Dannatt initially worried that the charity's £2 million goal might be unattainable, but it eventually raised enough money to build both the pool and a gymnasium, which were opened in 2010. He and Pippa later assisted both Help For Heroes and SSAFA Forces Help in efforts to build houses to accommodate the families of wounded servicemen at Headley Court and the Royal Centre for Defence Medicine in Birmingham, inspired by the difficulties faced by the family of George Cross recipient Peter Norton. Another of Dannatt's priorities was tackling the perception of the British operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, as he was concerned the news media and the British public were unaware of the purpose or the intensity of the missions.Disgruntled by increasingly negative coverage, he interrupted a family holiday in Cornwall to fly to Afghanistan in an effort to change the coverage through a series of interviews. During the visit, he managed to meet with his son, Bertie, who was serving in the country with the Grenadier Guards. Later in 2007, Dannatt raised the same issue in a lecture to the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London. Earlier that year, Dannatt had taken the decision not to allow


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 Prince Harry to serve in Iraq. However, after Dannatt had brokered an understanding with the British press, Harry was able to serve in Afghanistan for three months in late 2007 and early 2008 until the story broke and he was ordered home. In 2008, in the first speech of its kind by any CGS, Dannatt addressed the Army-sponsored Fourth Joint Conference on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transsexual Matters, stating that homosexuals were welcome to serve in the Army. Dannatt was raised from Knight Commander to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) in the 2008–2009 New Year Honours List.His tenure as CGS expired in August 2008 and he was succeeded for the last time by Sir <mask>. The government took the unusual decision to extend the tenure of Air Chief Marshal Sir Jock Stirrup as CDS, rather than promote one of the outgoing service chiefs. Thus all three, including Dannatt, retired, amid claims that Dannatt's potential promotion to CDS had been personally vetoed by Prime Minister Gordon Brown. His last act as CGS was to nominate Nick Houghton to become the next Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff. Honorary titles
Dannatt was appointed Colonel, The Green Howards on 1 December 1994, succeeding Field Marshal Sir Peter Inge. He was in turn relieved by Brigadier John Powell in May 2003. Dannatt succeeded Sir Christopher Wallace as Deputy Colonel Commandant of the Adjutant General's Corps on 1 April 1999, holding the title until 17 June 2005, when he was relieved by Major General Bill Rollo.He was appointed Colonel Commandant of the King's Division, in succession to Sir Scott Grant, on 1 July 2001. He relinquished the title on 10 December 2005 to fellow


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 Green Howard, Lieutenant General (later General Sir) Nick Houghton. Between appointments in 2002, Dannatt spent six weeks at the School of Army Aviation at Army Air Corps Middle Wallop, where he was trained as a helicopter pilot in order to fulfil his duties as Colonel Commandant of the Army Air Corps (AAC), to which he was appointed on 1 April 2004, succeeding Michael Walker; Also in succession to Walker, he was appointed Aide de Camp General (ADC Gen) to Queen Elizabeth II on 5 June 2006. He was succeeded in his position with the AAC by Major General Adrian Bradshaw on 1 July 2009, and relinquished the appointment of ADC Gen on 1 September 2009. Retirement

It was announced in February 2009 that, after his retirement, Dannatt would be installed as the 159th Constable of the Tower of London. The tenure of the previous incumbent, General Sir Roger Wheeler, also a former CGS, expired on 31 July and Dannatt became constable on 1 August 2009. The Constable has been the most senior official at the Tower of London since the eleventh century.Today, the role is largely ceremonial, and conferred on field marshals or retired generals who usually serve a five-year term. After his retirement, Dannatt was appointed to be a Deputy Lieutenant of Greater London on 30 June 2010 and of Norfolk on 19 March 2012. After leaving office as CGS, Dannatt effectively retired from the Army, but technically remained a serving officer until November 2009. Shortly after leaving office, Dannatt was approached by David Cameron, then leader of the Conservative Party and Leader of the Opposition. Cameron invited Dannatt to become a defence adviser for the Shadow Cabinet once he was


texts: officially retired from the Army and no longer bound by Queen's Regulations, which mandate political neutrality in the armed forces. Although uncommon for a former service chief to align himself with one political party, Dannatt accepted the role on an informal basis. The timing of the decision, which became public in October 2009—within two months of Dannatt's effective retirement—attracted some controversy, with some former ministers and civil servants suggesting it potentially compromised the neutrality of the armed forces.He advised Cameron and his shadow cabinet until he resigned, shortly after the 2010 general election, stating that Cameron, by then prime minister, should turn to the incumbent chiefs of staff for defence advice and citing no desire to become a special adviser. The Council of the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), a politically independent think tank dedicated to defence and security issues, elected Dannatt as the institute's Chairman in June 2009. He took up the appointment on 1 September 2009, but resigned in October the same year after the announcement that he was to become an adviser to David Cameron, believing that his resignation was necessary for RUSI to maintain its political neutrality. He was eventually succeeded by former Defence Secretary John Hutton, Baron Hutton of Furness. Dannatt has written an autobiography, titled Leading from the Front, published by Bantam Press in 2010. In the book, he was critical of the Labour government that led the UK from 1997 to 2010 and of Gordon Brown, Chancellor of the Exchequer and later prime minister, in particular, accusing him of "malign intervention" and, while chancellor,


texts: of refusing to fund Tony Blair's defence policy. He also criticised Tony Blair for allowing himself to be effectively overruled by Brown and said of Air Chief Marshal Sir Jock Stirrup, then CDS, that "although brilliant at what he did, [he] could not have been expected to understand the sights, sounds and smells of the battlefield".The Daily Telegraph called the book "a searing indictment of how New Labour, and to some extent the military's high command, failed to properly lead, fund and equip the armed forces for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan". In July 2010, Dannatt gave evidence to the Iraq Inquiry, focusing predominantly on his role as ACGS in 2002. He described an initial reluctance to commit the Army and stated that planning had been for a minimal land commitment and the provision of naval and air support to the United States. He also repeated his previous assertions that the army had been over-stretched by simultaneous operation in Iraq and Afghanistan in 2006 and re-stated his view that Afghanistan was the more important for British interests. Dannatt's evidence was followed by that of his predecessor as CGS, General Sir Mike Jackson. Dannatt was nominated for a life peerage by David Cameron while Cameron was Leader of the Opposition. Although nominated for a political peerage on the Conservative Party benches, he opted to sit as a crossbencher and was ennobled as Baron <mask> in November 2010.In October 2012, The Times conducted an undercover investigation into Dannat's lobbying activities. According to the Guardian, Dannatt offered to lobby Bernard Gray, who was then Chief of Defence Materiel. Dannatt was quoted as saying he had engineered


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 a seat at a formal dinner with the Ministry of Defence's new permanent secretary, Jon Thompson, to help another company, Capita Symonds, which was bidding for a contract to manage MoD estates. According to The Independent, Dannatt acknowledged that he had offered to assist in facilitating conversations, but stated that he had rejected an offer of an £8,000 per month fee to lobby on behalf of the organisation and that he had "no inclination" to contravene the rules on lobbying, and would regard any such claim as "seriously defamatory". In July 2016, he formally handed over his Tower of London role to the Deputy Governor and was succeeded by Sir Nick Houghton in October 2016. Also in 2016, his book Boots on the Ground: Britain and her Army since 1945, was published. In the book, he opined that "going to Iraq was a strategic error of near biblical proportions" and that the defence budget of 2% of GDP is "too meagre in the current security climate".Commenting on the Victims Rights Campaign in September 2018, he told the news media that retiring soldiers, airmen and sailors should receive a psychological assessment as part of the resettlement package before leaving duty to help them avoid future prison and homelessness. Personal life
Dannatt met his wife, Philippa ("Pippa"; née Gurney) during his first year at Durham University in 1973. The couple became engaged, and married in March 1977, after which Pippa accompanied Dannatt on his return to Berlin. They had four children—three boys and one girl. Bertie, their second son, served with the Grenadier Guards—Pippa's father's regiment—in Iraq and Afghanistan, earning a mention in despatches and reaching the


texts: rank of captain before leaving the Army in 2008. In 1977, then just 26, Dannatt suffered a major stroke, rendering him unable to speak and leaving the right-hand side of his body paralysed. He spent much of the subsequent two years recovering and was eventually allowed to return to duty, though he still tires more quickly on his right-hand side than on his left and has other minor residual effects.During his recovery, Dannatt, a devout Christian, was pointed to two Bible verses, which prompted him to believe that his commitment to his faith had thus far been "half-hearted" and inspired him to make a greater commitment which, according to his autobiography, "helped define who I then became, both as a person and as a soldier". Dannatt later attributed surviving his stroke and several other near-death experiences—including the incident for which he was awarded the Military Cross—to a challenge from God to "devote his life to Christ". Dannatt has been Vice President of the Armed Forces Christian Union since 1998 and President Emeritus of the Soldiers' and Airmen's Scripture Readers Association since 2020 (he was president from 1999 to 2019). He was President of the Army Rifle Association from 2000 to 2008 and of the Royal Norfolk Agricultural Association in 2008, presiding over that year's Royal Norfolk Show, attended by Prince Harry at Dannatt's invitation. He has served as a trustee of the Windsor Leadership Trust since 2005 and as patron of Hope and Homes for Children since 2006, and continues his patronage of Help for Heroes, which he assisted in founding while CGS. He lists his leisure interests as cricket, tennis, fishing and shooting. He was


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 appointed president of the Norfolk Churches Trust in November 2011, and Vice President of The Western Front Association in 2013.He is also the President of YMCA Norfolk and chairman of the Norfolk Strategic Flooding Alliance (NSFA). He and his wife live in Keswick just south of Norwich. References
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20th-century British Army personnel
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Chiefs of the General Staff (United Kingdom)
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Constables of the Tower of London
Crossbench life peers
Deputy Lieutenants of Greater London
Deputy Lieutenants of Norfolk
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Evangelical Anglicans
Graduates of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
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People from Chelmsford
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<mask><mask> (born March 3, 1989) is an American legal scholar and chair of the Federal Trade Commission. While a student at Yale Law School, she became known for her work in antitrust and competition law in the United States after publishing the influential essay "Amazon's Antitrust Paradox". She was appointed by President Joe Biden to the Commission in March 2021, and has served since June 2021. She is also an associate professor of law at Columbia Law School. Early life
<mask> was born in London, United Kingdom on March 3, 1989 to Pakistani parents. <mask> moved with them to the United States when she was 11 years old. In 2010, she graduated from Williams College, where she wrote her thesis on Hannah Arendt.During her time at Williams College, <mask> served as the editor of the student newspaper. After graduation, she went to work at the New America Foundation, where she did anti-monopoly research and writing for Barry Lynn at the Open Markets Program. Lynn was looking for a researcher without a background in economics, and he began critiquing market consolidation with <mask>'s help. She earned a Juris Doctor from Yale Law School in 2017, where she was a submissions editor of the Yale Journal on Regulation. Academic career
<mask> researched and published on market consolidation issues at the New America Foundation until 2014, when she began attending Yale Law School. While at Yale, <mask> was a co-student director of Yale's Mortgage Foreclosure Litigation Clinic, where she represented homeowners who were being improperly foreclosed on by financial institutions. She also spent a summer working at Gupta Wessler, a firm specializing in public interest and plaintiff-side appellate litigation."Amazon's Antitrust Paradox"

In 2017, while still a student at Yale Law School, <mask> rose to prominence when the Yale Law Journal published her article "Amazon's Antitrust Paradox". The article made a significant

masks:
Lina M
. Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan
Khan


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 impact in American legal and business circles, and the New York Times described it as "reframing decades of monopoly law". In the article, <mask> argued that the current American antitrust law framework, which focuses on keeping consumer prices down, cannot account for the anticompetitive effects of platform-based business models such as that of Amazon. The title of <mask>'s piece was a reference to Robert Bork's 1978 book The Antitrust Paradox, which established the consumer-welfare standard that <mask> critiqued. She proposed alternative frameworks for antitrust policy, including "restoring traditional antitrust and competition policy principles or applying common carrier obligations and duties." The article was met with both acclaim and criticism. As of September 2018, it received 146,255 hits, "a runaway best-seller in the world of legal treatises," according to the New York Times.Joshua Wright, who served on the FTC from 2013 to 2015, derided her work as "hipster antitrust" and argued it "reveal[ed] a profound lack of understanding of the consumer welfare model and the rule of reason framework." Herbert Hovenkamp, who served in the Clinton and Obama administrations, wrote that <mask>'s claims are "technically undisciplined, untestable, and even incoherent", and that her work "never explains how a nonmanufacturing retailer such as Amazon could ever recover its investment in below cost pricing by later raising prices, and even disputes that raising prices to higher levels ever needs to be a part of the strategy, thus indicating that it is confusing predation with investment." Open Markets Institute and Columbia Law School
After completing her studies, <mask> worked as legal director at the Open Markets Institute. The institute split from New America after <mask> and her team criticized Google's market power, prompting pressure from Google, a funder of New America. During her time at OMI, <mask> met

masks: Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan


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 with Senator Elizabeth Warren to discuss anti-monopolistic policy ideas. <mask> joined Columbia Law School as an academic fellow, where she pursued research and scholarship on antitrust law and competition policy, especially relating to digital platforms. She published The Separation of Platforms and Commerce in the Columbia Law Review, making the case for structural separations that prohibit dominant intermediaries from entering lines of business that place them in direct competition with the businesses dependent on their networks.In July 2020, <mask> joined the school's faculty as an Associate Professor of Law. <mask> has described herself as belonging to the New Brandeis movement, a political movement that seeks a revival in antitrust enforcement. Government service
In 2018, <mask> worked as a Legal Fellow at the Federal Trade Commission in the office of Commissioner Rohit Chopra. In 2019, <mask> began serving as counsel to the House Judiciary Committee's Subcommittee on Antitrust, Commercial, and Administrative Law, where she has been leading the congressional investigation into digital markets. Chair of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
On March 22, 2021, President Joe Biden announced that he was nominating <mask> to be a Commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission. On June 15, 2021, her nomination was confirmed by the Senate by a vote of 69 to 28. <mask> was confirmed with bipartisan support, mainly attributed to her "influential anti-Amazon views" being widely reflected by Members of Congress.President Biden then appointed her chairperson of the FTC. Upon taking office, <mask> became the third Asian-American to serve on the FTC, after Dennis Yao (who served from 1991 to 1994) and her former boss Rohit Chopra (has served from 2018 to present). Recusal request
Following her appointment as chairperson, both Amazon.com Inc. and Facebook, filed petitions with the FTC seeking her recusal from

masks: Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan Khan


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 investigations of the companies, suggesting that her past criticism of the companies left her unable to be impartial. However, according to legal scholar Eleanor Fox, the standard for recusal is very high and unlikely to be met for <mask>. Senator Elizabeth Warren and other supporters of <mask> argued that the recusal demands amount to an attempt by these companies to intimidate <mask> in order to curtail regulatory scrutiny. Awards and recognition
For "Amazon's Antitrust Paradox", <mask> won the Antitrust Writing Award for "Best Academic Unilateral Conduct Article" in 2018, the Israel H. Peres Prize by Yale Law School, and the Michael Egger Prize from the Yale Law Journal. In 2018 Politico described <mask> as "a leader of a new school of antitrust thought" as part of its "Politico 50" list of influential thinkers.New York magazine said she was "indisputably the most powerful figure in the anti-monopoly vanguard". She was also listed as one of Foreign Policy's "Global Thinkers," Prospect's "Top 50 Thinkers," Wired's WIRED25, the National Journal 50, Washingtonian's list of most influential women, and Time's "Next Generation Leaders." <mask>'s commentaries have been published in The American Prospect, Quartz, Salon, and The New Republic. <mask>'s scholarship has attracted significant public attention around the world. She has been profiled by The Washington Post, Washington Monthly, The Atlantic, The New York Times, Wired, The Financial Times, Time, Manager Magazin, El País, and Le Figaro. Personal life
<mask> is married to Shah Ali, a cardiologist. Bibliography

Co-authored works

References

External links

1989 births
American jurists
American people of Pakistani descent
American women jurists
Antitrust lawyers
Columbia Law School faculty
Living people
Scholars of competition law
Williams College alumni
Women legal scholars
American women academics
Federal Trade Commission personnel
Biden


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<mask> (born 8 April 1987) is a Dutch footballer who plays for Spanish club Real Murcia. Although primarily a left winger, he has also played as a left-back. <mask> started his professional career with Eredivisie side Feyenoord in 2005, having graduated from the club's youth academy. He made 37 appearances for the side before switching to La Liga club Real Madrid in 2007. During his five years in Madrid, he made 65 appearances for the club, spending time on loan at Hércules and Premier League side Everton, making 19 and 27 appearances for those clubs respectively. He then joined Russian Premier League side Alania Vladikavkaz in February 2013 on a free transfer, making six appearances in a brief spell at the club, before he joined Reading in June 2013. In January 2015, he joined Kayseri Erciyessor, before moving to UAE Pro League side Baniyas Club in September 2015.After being released by Baniyas in July 2016, <mask> announced his retirement from playing. He has since begun recording music under the name Roya2Faces. After two years, <mask> came out of retirement to play for Sparta Rotterdam in 2018. <mask> made 17 appearances for the Netherlands under-21s between 2006 and 2008, and was a member of the team that won the 2007 European Championship. Since then, he has made one appearance for the Netherlands B team, and one appearance for the full national team. Club career

Youth
Born in Rotterdam, <mask> joined local side Feyenoord's youth system at the age of 13, playing mainly as a winger during his junior years. After disciplinary issues during a trip to Switzerland with the B-side, coach Marcel Bout wanted him to leave the club, but the issues were resolved after the intervention of Rob Baan, the club's director of football.Bout hardly used <mask> in his subsequent lineups, and at the end of the season, the 16-year-old was named as one of eleven players whose future at the club was questionable. He eventually moved to Feyenoord feeder club Excelsior. <mask> improved during the two years he played at Excelsior, with manager Marco van

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Royston Ricky Drenthe
Drenthe
Drenthe
Drenthe
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 Lochem successfully playing him as left back. After impressing his former side's coaching staff, he was asked to rejoin the club, which he accepted. Feyenoord

In the 2005–06 season, <mask> was promoted to Feyenoord's first team, managed by his former youth coach Henk Fräser, and had to compete for first-choice status with Mohammed Hammouti. After scoring three goals against Ajax in the Otten Cup – a youth tournament organized by PSV – as a winger, he began training with the main squad, while still appearing for the reserves. In the same week where he helped his club to a 5–1 win at Ajax with the second team, <mask> was offered a professional contract at Feyenoord.Manager Erwin Koeman handed him his Eredivisie debut against Vitesse at the Gelredome, and the player finished the season with three matches. In 2006–07, Feyenoord signed veteran Belgian Philippe Léonard, while Pascal Bosschaart was also still part of the squad. After the former suffered an injury and the latter was transferred to ADO Den Haag, <mask> became first-choice as Feyenoord finished seventh in the league. After winning the 2007 UEFA European Under-21 Championship with the Netherlands, Feyenoord accepted a €14 million bid by Real Madrid after <mask> threatened to take his club to court if they did not want to let him go. Real Madrid

Drenthe was presented as a Real Madrid player on 13 August 2007, alongside compatriot Wesley Sneijder. He made his official debut as a midfielder in the second leg of the season's Spanish Supercup against Sevilla, and scored the 1–1 equaliser from 40 yards out, with the ball hitting the crossbar and crossing the line. The Merengues, however, lost 3–5 at home and 3–6 on aggregate.<mask> played regularly for Real Madrid in his debut season, in both left-wing positions, but began appearing less after the development of Marcelo, being dropped from the list of 18 by manager Bernd Schuster in several games. At one time, after being left out for the match against Valencia, <mask> stormed out of the training ground. He finished the campaign with

masks: Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe


texts:
 18 league appearances (plus four in the season's UEFA Champions League), scoring his first league goal against Real Valladolid in a 7–0 home routing on 10 February 2008. Despite rumours of him leaving the club on loan, <mask> featured in 15 of Real Madrid's first 18 games of the 2008–09 season. However, he also suffered from anxiety issues after being booed by the club's supporters during a 1–0 home win against Deportivo de La Coruña and did not feature for the club for a period, although manager Juande Ramos offered the player his support and insisted he would help him. The manager later revealed that the player asked not to be picked for the three games after the Deportivo fixture. On 31 August 2010, after having appeared rarely in his third season, <mask> was loaned to Hércules in a season-long move.He made his debut on 11 September in a 2–0 away win against Barcelona, and scored his first goal for the club on 14 November, netting from a free kick against Real Sociedad in a 2–1 home victory. His performances with the Alicante team were subsequently praised by the Spanish press. However, the player would soon fall out of favour with the club's board of directors and coaching staff after arriving one week after the winter break ended, citing a "loss of confidence in Hércules management", rather than what was previously perceived as "a protest over unpaid wages". On 3 April 2011, in his second game after his suspension, <mask> scored twice to help Hércules to its first away win since September, a 3–1 against Real Sociedad. He ended the season with 15 starts in 1,299 minutes of action, with his team being finally relegated. Everton
On 31 August 2011, <mask> joined Premier League club Everton on a season-long loan deal. He made his Premier League debut as a second-half substitute in the 2–2 home draw against Aston Villa, on 10 September.Again from the bench, against Wigan Athletic, he scored in the 97th minute to round off a 3–1 home victory. <mask> made his first start for Everton on 21 September 2011 in a League Cup match against West

masks: Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe


texts:
 Bromwich Albion, assisting the winning goal for Phil Neville in the 13th minute of extra time (2–1 home win). On his full league debut, at Fulham on 23 October, he found the net just three minutes into the game in an eventual 3–1 win. On 21 December 2011, after three weeks out of the game due to an ankle injury, <mask> assisted Leon Osman for the game's only goal at home against Swansea City. On 18 February 2012, in a match against Blackpool for the season's FA Cup, he scored after just 49 seconds in a 2–0 home success. <mask> started in the next game for Everton, scoring a powerful low drive from 20 yards out for the first goal of the 1–1 away draw against Queens Park Rangers. In March 2012, <mask> was given a leave of absence on compassionate grounds and, upon returning, he reported late for training.This resulted in manager David Moyes omitting the player from Everton's FA Cup semi-final squad; he was also told to stay away from the club. In a magazine interview published in April, he accused Barcelona's Lionel Messi of racially abusing him on more than one occasion, repeatedly addressing him as "negro". Alania Vladikavkaz
Drenthe left Real Madrid after his contract expired on 30 June 2012. In December, he signed a deal with Russian club Alania Vladikavkaz, which came into effect on 2 February of the following year. <mask> made his league debut for his new team on 9 March 2013, against Rostov. After the game, coach Valery Gazzaev called him a "great professional and an example for the youth". On 15 April, in only his fifth game for the club, he scored a hat-trick in a 3–1 home win over relegation competitors Mordovia Saransk.Reading
Reading officially confirmed the signing of free agent <mask> on a two-year contract with the option of a third, on 21 June 2013. On 8 March 2014, <mask> scored his first goal for the club in a 1–1 draw away at Brighton & Hove Albion after he cut in from the right and fired a left-footed shot into the bottom corner. <mask> then scored his second goal for the club on 11 March in a 4–2 away win against

masks: Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe


texts:
 Leeds United with a free-kick just after half-time. In July 2014, <mask> joined Sheffield Wednesday on a six-month loan on 1 September 2014, halfway through transfer deadline day. He made his Owls debut as a second-half substitute for Chris Maguire in the 0–0 away draw against Bolton Wanderers on 13 September. His only Owls goal came in the 1–1 away draw at Charlton Athletic on 1 November.Kayseri Erciyesspor
On 23 January 2015, <mask> joined Turkish Süper Lig side Kayseri Erciyesspor. Baniyas
<mask> joined UAE Pro League side Baniyas Club in September 2015. He was released in July 2016. Hiatus
Unable to find a club, <mask> announced a hiatus from professional football, saying that he was 'no longer a footballer'. Sparta
After training with the side for a few weeks, on 6 July 2018 Sparta Rotterdam announced they had signed <mask> to a one-year deal. After Sparta Rotterdam promoted to the Eredivisie during the Keukenkampioen 2018–2019 season, the club decided not to extend his contract. Kozakken Boys
Drenthe then signed for Kozakken Boys.Return to Spain
On January 6, 2021, <mask> returned to Spain and signed with Racing Murcia. On January 30, 2022, <mask> was loaned to Real Murcia, playing in the same city but a tier above Racing. International career
After his first full season at Feyenoord, <mask> was called by Dutch under-21 coach Foppe de Haan to be part of his squad for the 2007 UEFA European Championship, which was held in the Netherlands. He was one of the most important players in the second consecutive title of the competition for the Jong Oranje, being chosen by UEFA as Player of the Tournament. The following year, he represented the nation at the 2008 Summer Olympics. On 14 November 2010, <mask> was selected for the first time for the Dutch senior team, as coach Bert van Marwijk picked him as a late replacement for the injured Urby Emanuelson. Three days later, he made his debut, coming on as a second-half substitute in the 1–0 friendly win over Turkey.Personal life
Drenthe's younger brother, Giovanni, is also a footballer.

masks: Drentheenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe Drenthe


texts:
 The striker opted to represent Suriname internationally. Drenthe dated Spanish Playboy model Malena Gracia. Drenthe recorded a rap song with his friend U-Niq called "Tak Takie". In 2014, Drenthe opened a clothing store in Rotterdam with Michel Poldervaart. In December 2020, Drenthe declared bankruptcy after losing £3.2 million. As TV commentator

<mask> was contracted by the Spanish sports program El Chiringuito de Jugones as commentator, on March 1, 2021.Career statistics
As of 31 January 2022

Honours
Real Madrid
La Liga: 2007–08
Supercopa de España: 2008; runner-up: 2007

Netherlands U21
UEFA European Under-21 Championship: 2007

Individual
UEFA European Under-21 Championship Golden Player: 2007

References

External links

 Stats at Voetbal International

 Netherlands profile at OnsOranje

1987 births
Living people
Dutch people of Surinamese descent
Footballers from Rotterdam
Association football wingers
Dutch footballers
Netherlands youth international footballers
Netherlands under-21 international footballers
Netherlands international footballers
Olympic footballers of the Netherlands
Footballers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Feyenoord players
Real Madrid CF players
Hércules CF players
Everton F.C. players
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz players
Reading F.C. players
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Kayseri Erciyesspor footballers
Baniyas Club players
Sparta Rotterdam players
Kozakken Boys players
Racing Murcia FC players
Eredivisie players
Eerste Divisie players
Tweede Divisie players
La Liga players
Premier League players
Russian Premier League players
English Football League players
Süper Lig players
UAE Pro League players
Dutch expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Spain
Expatriate footballers in England
Expatriate footballers in Russia
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Expatriate footballers in the United Arab Emirates
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in England
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Russia
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in the United


texts:
<mask> (1923–1991) was a German editor and non-fiction author who, from 1954, was in charge of the publishers, Bertelsmann. Life and career
<mask> was born on 29 September 1923 in Felchta in Thuringia as the son of a priest. His ancestors bore the surname Jöök and came from the Baltic states. <mask>'s first book, the utopian crime thriller, Corix ist dagegen, appeared in 1948 under the pseudonym of <mask>. From 1954 to 1962 <mask> was Bertelsmann's chief press officer. In the late 1950s, he published new editions of the works of Jules Verne (Sigbert Mohn , Vier-Falken-) and Robinson Crusoe (Sigbert Mohn , Bertelsmann Lesering) and, in 1958, worked for Bertelsmann on a biography of Zarah Leander after the series of the same name in the Bild newspaper by Max Pierre Schaeffer. In the early 1960s, followed editions by Karl-May-Büchern for Bertelsmann, Mosaik (Hamburg), Scherz (Berne) and Phoenix (Berne/Munich), Heidi (Bertelsmann Lesering, Phoenix ), late 1960s Onkel Toms Hütte (Bertelsmann, Scherz ) and Wilhelm Busch’s Hausapotheke (Praesentverlag Peter).1962 saw the start of <mask>'s non-fiction career. He proposed to Bertelsmann, to produce a large cookery book for Bertelsmann Lesering; in the first quarter of 1963 the book broke all edition records. After that, Gööck wrote more than 230 non-fiction books and illustrated books during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (games manuals and

masks:
Roland Gööck
Roland Gööck
Gööck
Peter Roland
Gööck
Gööck


texts:
 cookery books) under his own name but also under various pseudonyms, that were chosen for specific subject areas:

<mask><mask> (football etc. ), Lutz Adron (general knowledge), Pim Pinelli (Gewürze der Welt), <mask>, Alexander Ettl (recipe books for fish, cheese and spices), Alex Ettl (architecture, cookery books), <mask> (only for books in Serbia), <mask> (Große Erfindungen …), Rolf Jeromin (worldly themes: wine guide, culinary cuisine worldwide, travel reports), Peter Korn (Karl-May-Büchern), Franz Mausener (humour) und Peggy Persson (Wilhelm Busch’s Hausapotheke). At Bertelsmann, Gööck was called Sachbuch-Goethe ("Non-fiction Goethe"), others described him as a Vielschreiber ("writing maniac") and Sachbuch-Alleskönner ("Non-fiction Knowall") or as a Tausendsassa ("Jack of all trades") and Auflagenmillionär ("printing millionaire"). In 1983, his 230 books had a combined total print run of 41.5 million, including the German non-fiction leader, Das neue große Kochbuch (3 million), Alle Wunder dieser Welt (2 million) and Der Mensch in seiner Welt (12 volumes, 12 million). In addition to the versatility of the topics he worked on, speed of publication was also Gööck's specialty.For the first time at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, <mask> and his team made sure that the first illustrated books reached the bookstores just four days after the closing ceremony. Further 'Gööck rush jobs'

masks:
Roland M
. Gööck
Peter Roland
Roland Gek
Roland Gēks
Gööck


texts:
 (Gööck’sche Schnellschüsse) (industry jargon) came out including picture books within only three days after the football and athletics world championships and the Olympic Games. <mask> died on 2 October 1991 in Regensburg. Publications
For most publications (as of 1983: 230 books, non-fiction and illustrated books) it is impossible to work out to what extent <mask> was the author, initiator, coordinator and/or editor. According to WorldCat there are currently (2011) 613 works in 951 publications and 21 languages, including German, English, Finnish, French, Italian, Croatian, Latvian, Dutch, Norwegian, Polish; Portuguese, Swedish, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish and Hungarian. Early titles
 <mask> (Roland Gööck): Corix ist dagegen (Utopian crime thriller), Iris-booksei, Engelbert-, Iserlohn/Regensburg, 1948
 <mask>ck: Als die Sperrmauer brach – Ein Bericht über die Zerstörung der Edertalsperre am 17. Mai 1943 und den Wiederaufbau im Edertal; Wilhelm Bing , Korbach, 1953

Non-fiction books (selection)
 Bertelsmann
 Roland Gööck: Bertelsmann (Ausführlicher Überblick über den Konzern), Sigbert Mohn , Gütersloh, 1959.<mask>ck: books für Millionen. Fritz Wixforth und die Geschichte des Hauses Bertelsmann, Gütersloh, Bertelsmann Sachbuchverlag, 1968. Kochbücher und Gewürze (at least 53 books), including:
 <mask>: Das neue große Kochbuch, Bertelsmann-Ratgeberverlag, Munich, Gütersloh,

masks:
Gööck
Gööck
Peter Roland
Roland Göö
Roland Göö
Roland Gööck


texts:
 Wien, 1963 (1st edn.). <mask>: <mask>öcks neue große Kochschule, Mosaik-, Munich, 1986. <mask>: Das Buch der Gewürze, Mosaik-, Munich, 1965 (1st edn.) <mask>loh, 1970. <mask>: Die 100 berühmtesten Rezepte der Welt – das Farbbild-Kochbuch der internationalen Spezialitäten, Sigloch-Edition, Künzelsau, 1983.Allgemeinwissen und Quizfragen (at least 41 books), including:
 <mask>: Quiz – Quiz – Quiz. 2222-mal in die Kiste gegriffen, in der Ihr Wissen schlummert, C. Bertelsmann , Gütersloh, 1st edn. 1959. <mask>: Erfindungen der Menschheit (insgesamt 12 Bände: Wind, Wasser, Sonne, Kohle, Öl; Gesundheit, Nahrung, Wohnen, Bauen; Textil, Bauen und Wohnen, Beleuchtung; Schall, Bild, Optik; Nachrichtentechnik Elektrotechnik; Schrift – Druck – Musik), Sigloch Edition, Künzelsau, 1984. Markus Plessner, <mask>öck: Der Mensch in seiner Welt, 12 Bände, Bertelsmann  (Reinhard Mohn OHG, Praesent- Heinz Peter) 1980. Reise-Bildbände und Atlanten (at least 19 books), including:
 <mask>ck: Das große Deutschland-Reisebuch, Praesent  Peter, Hamburg, 1966. <mask>: Die großen Traumreisen – die schönsten Reiseziele der Welt von Rom bis Rio, Europäische Bildungsgemeinschaft, Stuttgart, 1973 (1st edn.).<mask>: Neuer großer Weltatlas, Reise- und Verkehrsverlag, Berlin / Gütersloh / Stuttgart, 1975. Heimwerken und Einrichten (at least 9 books), including:
 <mask>: Das große Heimwerkerbuch für Haus, Wohnung und

masks:
Roland Gööck
Roland Gö
Roland Gööck
Roland Gööcküters
Roland Gööck
Roland Gööck
Roland Gööck
Roland Gö
Roland Göö
Roland Gööck
Roland Gööck
Roland Gööck


texts:
 Garten, Mosaik-, Munich, 1981st
 Ratgeber „Wein und Spirituosen“ (at least 9 books), including:
 <mask>: Das 1 × 1 des guten Weins Mosaik-, 1978. Geheimnisse und Mystery (at least 8 books), including:
 <mask>tersloh, 1969
 Party und Hobby (at least 6 books), including:
 <mask>ck: Das 1 × 1 der Zauberei, 1966. <mask>ck: Das Party-Buch, Bertelsmann , Gütersloh, 1976. <mask>ck: Das große praktische Handarbeitsbuch Mosaik , Munich, 1977. Gesellschaftsspiele (at least 5 books), including:
 <mask>: Das große Buch der Spiele – 1000 Spiele für jung und alt, C. Bertelsmann , Gütersloh, 1st edn. 1964.Weltmeisterschaften und Olympische Spiele (at least 4 books), including:
 <mask>ck: VIII. Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft England 1966, Bertelsmann , Gütersloh, 1966. <mask>ck: Die Olympischen Spiele, Mexico City, Grenoble, 1968, Bertelsmann , Gütersloh, 1969. Health and humour (at least 3 books), including:
 <mask>: Gipsverband & Ohrensausen – Kniffe, Tricks und Tips für Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden, Heyne , Munich, 1982. Literature
 Bertelsmann Illustrierte (1965): Wir sprachen mit: Auflagenmillionär <mask>ööck
 Bertelsmann Club Courir (1983): <mask>öck feiert seinen 60. BuchMarkt Nr. 3 (1981), p. 89: Wie arbeitet <mask>öck, der Autor von mittlerweile 150 (!)booksn? References

External links

German male writers
20th-century German writers
German publishers (people)
1923 births
1991 deaths
Card

masks:
Roland Gööck
Roland Gööckü
Roland Göö
Roland Göö
Roland Göö
Roland Gööck
Roland Göö
Roland Göö
Roland Gööck
Roland G
Roland Gö
Roland Gö


texts:
<mask> (born 1958 in Llanelli) is a Welsh conceptual artist, sculptor and film-maker. In 2018 he won the £30,000 Hepworth Prize for Sculpture. Early life and education
The son of Sulwyn and <mask>, <mask> was born 1958 in Llanelli. He was educated at Ysgol Gymraeg Dewi Sant, Llanelli and at Llanelli Boys Grammar School. His father  was a noted photographer and painter. <mask> is a fluent Welsh speaker. <mask> completed a foundation course at Dyfed College of Art (1976–77), and later studied at Saint Martin's School of Art (1977–80), while working as an invigilator at the Tate, and the Royal College of Art (1981–84).Among his teachers at Saint Martin's was conceptual artist John Stezaker. <mask> <mask> then served as an assistant to Derek Jarman, with whom he worked on The Angelic Conversation (1985), Caravaggio (1986), and The Last of England (1987). His early experimental film work in the 1980s often concentrated on dancers including collaborations with Michael Clark. In 1988, his short film Degrees of Blindness, starring Tilda Swinton, was shown at the Chicago International Film Festival. He also collaborated on noted pop videos with bands including The Smiths and Throbbing Gristle. Work
Although <mask> <mask> moved to sculpture and installation in the early 1990s, the influence of film remained strong on his work. Most of the artist's work stems from his strong interest in language and communication, often using found or remembered texts from film, philosophy or literature combined with a clean aesthetic.Writing in Frieze, in 1999, Jennifer Higgie said: "<mask> <mask>’ use of repetition and elliptical meaning indicates endless possible

masks:
Cerith Wyn Evans
Myfanwy Evans
Evans
Evans
Evans
Wyn
Evans
Wyn
Evans
Wyn
Evans


texts: readings his choice of a quote replete with both classical and personal implications placed at the junction of earth and sea nods to Platonic ideas about renewal, while the decaying beach reflects a more negative image of repetition as a kind of dead end, a form of stasis." <mask> <mask>' firework pieces, for example, are wooden structures that spell out open-ended texts that burn over a designated period of time. His transparent, crystal chandelier sculptures, such as the multi-coloured Italian Murano glass chandelier‚ Astrophotography... (2006) are programmed to evoke an otherworldly language from sections of text translated into the flashing light signals of Morse Code. The texts rendered in code are sometimes visible simultaneously on adjacent computer screens embedded in the gallery walls and represent a personal canon of literature and include letters, poems, philosophical extracts and short stories by writers ranging from Theodor Adorno, William Blake and Judith Butler to Brion Gysin, James Merrill and the Marquis de Sade. For the Venice Biennale in 2003, he created Cleave 03, an installation which consisted of a World War II searchlight sending a seven-mile beam of light into the night sky over the Giudecca flashing intermittently in a morse code version of <mask>'s 1703 Welsh text Gweledigaethau y Bardd Cwsc. In his earlier Cleave installations, he refracted the light signals of Morse code off a rotating mirror ball to create dazzling and intense sensory environments. The artist is also interested in the way that soundtracks form a parallel 'text' for a film or photograph and in the slippage created when these sounds are

masks:
Wyn
Evans
Ellis Wynne


texts:
 dislodged, changed or removed.From 1984, in an homage to artist and writer Brion Gysin, <mask> <mask> reconstructed Gysin's Dreamachines – cylindrical light-shades spinning on wooden platforms at 75 rpm, invented as a way to tap into dream states and the unconscious of the 'viewer'. When looked at with closed eyes, the rotating, flickering light is meant to provoke an altered state of consciousness. For S=U=P=E=R=S=T=R=U=C=T=U=R=E ('Trace me back to some loud, shallow, chill, underlying motives overspill') (2010), <mask> <mask> created a wall of glowing columns, each one made from thousands of tubular lights that warm the exhibition space unbearably. From 1989 to 1995 he taught at the Architectural Association, London. Collaborations
In 2007, <mask> <mask> contributed to Visionaire 53: Sound, a compilation by Visionaire magazine featuring contributions from over 100 artists including Michael Stipe, Malcolm McLaren, Yoko Ono, and Christian Marclay, among others. In 2009 he collaborated with fellow artist-musician Florian Hecker and Thyssen-Bornemisza Art Contemporary on the opera project No night No day at the 53rd Venice Biennale. A collaboration with English band Throbbing Gristle titled A=P=P=A=R=I=T=I=O=N was displayed at Tramway, Glasgow in 2009; with the title taken from a poem by the radical 19th-century French writer Stéphane Mallarmé, Throbbing Gristle contributed a multi-channel soundtrack that was played through sixteen hanging Audio Spotlight sound panels that <mask> had incorporated into his chandelier sculpture.In 2011, <mask> <mask> was featured in Juergen Teller's ad campaign for fashion label Marc Jacobs. Commissions
Along

masks: Wyn Evans Wyn Evans Wyn Evans Evans Wyn Evans


texts:
 with other artists, including Liam Gillick and Thomas Demand, <mask> <mask> was commissioned in 2007 to contribute a work of art to the newly opened Lufthansa Aviation Center in Frankfurt. In 2010, he created five Light Columns for the illuminated entry portal of the K&L Gates Center in Pittsburgh, complemented by the neon wall sculpture Mobius Strip at the entry reception desk. Commissioned by the Great North Run Cultural Programme in 2011, he unveiled Permit yourself.., a large-scale kinetic sculpture installation composed of double-sided glass panel mirrors, with an excerpt of text cut out of each mobile panels. That same year, the artist was commissioned to design a large scale picture (176 m2) for the season 2011/2012 in the Vienna State Opera as part of the exhibition series "Safety Curtain", conceived by museum in progress. In 2017, <mask> <mask> was selected to create the Tate Britain Commission. Displayed in the Duveen Galleries, 'Forms in Space…by Light (in Time)' was made from almost 2 km of neon lighting suspended from the ceiling.Exhibitions

In 2003, <mask> <mask> represented Wales in the first Wales Pavilion at the Venice Biennale. In 2004, on the occasion of his two-part exhibition at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and the List Visual Arts Center at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, he combined work by himself and his father, a gifted amateur photographer, with objects from the Museum of Fine Arts and M.I.T. collections. Recent solo exhibitions include the Serpentine Galleries (2014), De La Warr Pavilion (2012), Kunsthall Bergen (2011), Tramway, Glasgow (2009), Inverleith House, Edinburgh (2009),

masks: Wyn Evans Wyn Evans Wyn Evans


texts:
 MUSAC, Leon (2008), Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris (2006), Kunsthaus Graz (2005), and Camden Arts Centre (2004). He has also participated in the Moscow Biennial (2011), Aichi Triennale (2010), the Yokohama Triennale (2008), the Istanbul Biennial (2005), documenta 11 (2002), and the Venice Biennale (1995, 2003). In March 2018, <mask> <mask> was shortlisted for the Hepworth Prize for Sculpture, alongside Michael Dean, Mona Hatoum, Phillip Lai, and Magali Reus. The work of the shortlisted artists was displayed at the Hepworth Wakefield gallery from the end of October of that year, and on 15 November it was announced that <mask> <mask> was the winner of the £30,000 prize.<mask> <mask> is represented by White Cube, London, Galerie Buchholz, Cologne, Galerie Neu, Berlin, and Galeria Fortes Vilaça, São Paulo. Recognition
 2006: Internationaler Kunstpreis Kulturstiftung Stadtsparkasse München
 2018: Hepworth Prize for Sculpture

Literature
 Bill Arning: Thoughts unsaid, now forgotten…, Boston: MIT List Visual Art Center, 2004
 Jennifer Higgie: <mask> <mask> <mask>, London: Camden Arts Centre 2004
 Moritz Küng (ed. ): <mask> <mask> <mask>, ... – delay, Buchhandlung König, Cologne 2009
 Hans Ulrich Obrist in conversation with <mask> <mask> <mask>. König, Cologne 2010. The Conversation Series 24. .
 Octavio Zaya (ed. ):; with MUSAC, Leon; text: Spanish/English by Octavio Zaya and Daniel Birnbaum, Verlag Hatje Cantz, Westfildern 2008

Notes

External links
<mask> <mask> <mask> on Artcyclopedia

1958 births
Welsh artists
Welsh contemporary artists
Living people
Alumni of Saint Martin's School of Art
Alumni of the Royal College of

masks: Wyn Evans Wyn Evans Wyn Evans Cerith Wyn Evans Cerith Wyn Evans Cerith Wyn Evans Cerith Wyn Evans


texts:
<mask> (September 20, 1861 – August 14, 1955) was an American librarian. He was the eighth (and also the longest-serving) Librarian of Congress from 1899 to 1939. He implemented his vision of a universal collection with strengths in many languages, especially from Europe and Latin America. Biography
<mask> was born in New York City at 107 East Seventeenth Street, the sixth son and tenth child of Victorine and <mask>. The father, one-time collector of internal revenue in New York by appointment of Abraham Lincoln, was the founder of a well-known publishing house, known previously as the Putnam Publishing house, but now known as G. P. Putnam's Sons. In 1886, <mask> married Charlotte Elizabeth Munroe of Cambridge, Massachusetts, and together they had two daughters, Shirley and <mask>. <mask> grew up to become a celebrated sculptor in the early 20th century, highly known for her "children, cherubs, and garden ornaments."Throughout <mask>'s career, he was described by his colleagues as maintaining "an impenetrable dignity…formal manner, invariable gracious and cordial, covered shyness and a deep reserve. He had few intimates, even among his closest colleagues, but he was fond of good company and good conversation" as well being "painfully modest, a family man who had an unreciprocated view of his staff as family." He died at his home in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, on August 14, 1955. Early career
After graduating magna cum laude from Harvard University in 1883, <mask> spent the following year at Columbia University Law School. Eventually, however, his interest in administrative work led him to the Minneapolis Athenaeum where he served as librarian in 1887, until it merged into the Minneapolis Public Library in 1888. <mask> was elected city librarian of the Minneapolis Public Library at that time and served while simultaneously being admitted to the Minnesota bar of Law. According to the Honorable Lawrence Lewis of

masks:
George Herbert Putnam
George Herbert Putnam
George Palmer Putnam
Herbert Putnam
Brenda Putnam
Brenda Putnam
Herbert Putnam
Putnam
Putnam


texts:
 Colorado at a Tribute for <mask> in 1939, <mask> at this time "modernized antiquated methods, revised the charging records of books on loan, inaugurated a new system of cataloging and classification, opened the alcoves to readers, [and] insisted that 'there are two great problems of library management – one to get the books for the readers, the other to get the readers to the books.'"During this time he developed the Putnam Classification System (based in part on work by John Edmands), which would influence his later design of the Library of Congress Classification system. In 1891, <mask> resigned his Minneapolis post due to his mother-in-law's ill health and promptly returned to Boston to be near her. <mask> "was admitted to the Suffolk bar, and practiced law in Boston until the 18th of February 1895" when he was appointed Librarian of the Boston Public Library. During his tenure at the Boston Public Library "there were 9 branches and 12 delivery stations. At the end of his four years, there were 10 branches, 5 minor branches, called 'reading rooms,' and 56 deposit stations…the library grew from a total of 610,375 volumes at the close of 1894 to 716,050 at the close of 1898." Another contribution made by <mask> towards the Boston Public Library was the addition of a room devoted to juveniles, "believed to have been the first room wholly devoted to the service of children in any of the larger libraries of the country." Library of Congress

Induction
Putnam's activities with the American Library Association led him to join with Justin Winsor and Melvil Dewey as official delegates to the International Conference of Librarians in London in 1897.When Winsor died shortly thereafter, <mask> served the remainder of his term as President of the ALA. When John Russell Young died in January 1899, President William McKinley requested Congress to appoint <mask>. He was officially confirmed December 12, 1899.

masks: Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam


texts:
 Systemization of a public institution

Upon the confirmation of <mask> to his appointed duty of Librarian of Congress, one daunting task <mask> faced from the onset was the sheer volume of materials that had to be reorganized for the newly opened Thomas Jefferson Building – the newly appointed library for the Library of Congress. However, <mask> was well aware of what needed to be done. "In October 1899 <mask> requested a $190,000 increase in the budget for fiscal 1901. If Congress consented, the 1899 LC budget would nearly double and that for 1900 would be increased by 60 percent.Declaring that the collections were deficient in many respects, [<mask>] asked for $50,000 to purchase new material, more than twice the 1899 appropriation. In summation, the first task of <mask>'s administration was to organize all materials of the Library of Congress so they may be used efficiently by the public." <mask>'s request was granted by the United States Congress, and thus an appropriation bill was passed on April 17, 1900. Although <mask>'s administration would need time in order to collect, organize, and disseminate all of the material within the Library of Congress' collection, the task was completed with enormous success. "By 1924 the first objective had been won with –
1) All spaces in the building duly differentiated and equipped for specialized, as well as general, uses. 2) The specialized material installed in appropriate cases. 3) A scheme of classification, systematic and elastic, with an appropriate nomenclature.4) Adoption of processes of cataloging, including forms of entry, now standardized for American libraries. 5) Actual application of the classification and cataloging to a large portion of the collection of printed books." <mask> during this time also introduced a new system of classifying books that continues to this day, known as the Library of Congress Classification. He also established an

masks: Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam


texts:
 interlibrary loan system, and expanded the Library of Congress's role and relationships with other libraries, through the provision of centralized services. He was elected an Associate Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1902, and elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1907. War-time service

In July 1916, "former LC staff member Elizabeth West, director of the Carnegie Library of San Antonio, Texas, suggested to <mask> that the Library of Congress cooperate with other libraries to send books to American soldiers." Initially, <mask> was not interested in the wholesale distribution of books to American troops simply due to the lack of interest.However, when attention arose that the British War Library Service in London were performing similar duties to their troops, measures were quickly devised by <mask>, the ALA, and Congress to enact such a program to the American military branches. "Aided by a grant of $320,000 from the Carnegie Corporation, the War Service built thirty-six libraries, completing the majority by February 1918. But with so much invested in buildings, little money remained for books or administration…<mask> took the matter up directly with the War Department and obtained assurances that the government would provide utilities. He appealed to ALA members to donate books and volunteer for service, and by June 1918 the association had purchased 300,000 books, sent 1,349,000 gift books to camps, and distributed 500,000 magazines." In the time after World War I, the services of the Library of Congress towards the war effort provided a new outlook for the American public on the possibilities of what a successful library could accomplish. In other words, the contributions made by the Library of Congress in that time gave "librarians 'a new conception of what a truly national library could be' and added one more item 'to the long list of benefits for which American

masks: Putnam Putnam Putnam Putnam


texts:
 libraries have to thank the Library and the Librarian, of Congress." Retirement

<mask>'s administration as Librarian of Congress lasted for forty years, from 1899 until 1939.It was clear <mask> was not willing to withdraw completely from the world of librarianship, stating: "I would willingly surrender the administration, if that course would serve the interest of the library and I could feel assured as to my successor." <mask> provided the suggestion of "Librarian Emeritus" be developed as his new official title, with an honorarium of one-half of his original salary. On October 1, 1939, <mask> retired as the 8th Librarian of Congress with that title, and he "continued to contribute to the Library, keeping regular office hours for the next 15 years." He was awarded Honorary Membership in the American Library Association in 1940. <mask> was succeeded in 1939 by Archibald MacLeish, who served from 1939 until 1944. Notes

References
Bronze Gallery. (1998–2010, January 1).<mask>. Retrieved February 1, 2011, from Bronze Gallery: 19th and 20th Century Bronze: http://www.bronze-gallery.com/sculptors/artist.cfm?sculptorID=100
Knowlton, J. D. (Ed.). (2005). <mask>: A 1903 Trip to Europe. Lanham, Maryland, USA: The Scarecrow Press, Inc.
Lewis, H. L. (1939). A Tribute to Dr. <mask>.Washington: United States Government. Rosenberg, Jane Aiken. (1993) The Nation's Great Library: <mask> and the Library of Congress, 1899–1939 (University of Illinois Press, 1993), the major scholarly biography

External links

1861 births
1955 deaths
People from Falmouth, Massachusetts
People from Minneapolis
People from Washington, D.C.
Presidents of the American Library Association
Columbia Law School alumni
Harvard University alumni
Librarians of Congress
Massachusetts lawyers
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Knights of the Order of the Polar Star
Members of the American Antiquarian Society
Librarians of the

masks:
Herbert Putnam
Putnam
Putnam
Putnam
Herbert Putnam
Brenda Putnam
Herbert Putnam
Herbert Putnam
Herbert Putnam


texts:
<mask> (born 18 September 1937 in Berlin) is a German psychologist in the fields of Personality, psychophysiology and  philosophy of science. Biography
<mask> studied psychology, sociology and philosophy in Freiburg, London and Hamburg, followed by a PhD at the University of Freiburg. His dissertation was based on an experimental investigation and factor analysis of writing movement parameters (graphometry). After working as a research assistant to cardiologist Professor Ludwig Delius in Bad Oeynhausen, he completed his postdoctoral thesis (habilitation) on Psychophysiological personality research in Freiburg in 1966. Together with Dr. med. Michael Myrtek, he founded the Freiburg Psychophysiology Research Group in 1970 with funding from the Volkswagen Foundation. In 1973, he was offered the Chair at the Psychology Department previously held by his academic teacher, the philosopher and psychologist Robert Heiß, founder of the Freiburg Institute.During the following decades he was involved in the Institute's considerable expansion as well as academic reform. In 2002, as professor emeritus, he retired from his dual function as head of the Personality Research section and co-director of the Psychophysiology Research Group in the Department of Psychology at Albert-Ludwigs-University in Freiburg, Germany. Research
During its 35-year history, the Psychophysiology Research Group was a centre for multivariate psychophysiological research on personality, research on cardiovascular rehabilitation, illness behaviour, and life satisfaction. The laboratory was generously supported by the Volkswagen Foundation (with eight scientific and technical staff, two computer-based electrophysiological labs and a

masks:
Jochen Fahrenberg
Jochen Fahrenberg


texts: clinical-chemistry lab). The research group also developed and promoted both methodology and techniques of ambulatory monitoring (ambulatory assessment) to assist behavioural research in everyday situations. A number of tests and personality scales were developed, one of which, the Freiburg Personality Inventory (FPI), comparable to the 16 PF Questionnaire, is the most frequently used in German-speaking countries. A series of extensive laboratory analyses and field research was conducted focusing on cardiovascular psychophysiology, in particular.Hans Eysenck's Theory of Emotionality (emotional lability, neuroticism), which was generally accepted at that time, was critically tested in a number of experimental and clinical studies. The findings contradicted the assumed (hypothetical) correlation between specific personality factors (questionnaire scales) and autonomic lability (hyperreactivity of the autonomic nervous system). A second focus of his research was Ambulant Assessment (ambulatory monitoring): psychophysiological examinations under everyday conditions, also during work and leisure periods, with multi-channel digital systems for recording behavioural, physiological and subjective data. The research group's list of publications consists of more than 400 references (Fahrenberg & Myrtek, 2005); the most important research data have been collected and made available (open access). His later work was devoted to other areas: psychological anthropology – including surveys on student attitudes and belief systems, or assumptions about human nature and the impact of philosophical concepts on professional issues – the philosophy of science, methodology, categories in psychology; and theoretical psychology.


texts:
 In addition, a number of books and articles were written about Wilhelm Wundt, a pioneer of modern psychology. Fahrenberg initiated the Workshop for Psychophysiological Methods in 1972, which became the German Society for Psychophysiology and its Application in 1982.Workshops on ambulatory assessment in Freiburg led to the founding of the international Society for Ambulatory Assessment in 2009. Awards
Honorary member of the German Society for Psychology (DGP)
Honorary member of the German Society for Psychophysiology and its Application (DGPA)
Psychological Anthropology Award 2011, Dr. Margrit Egnér Foundation, Zürich. Selected publications
Fahrenberg, J., (1967). Psychophysiologische Persoenlichkeitsforschung (Psychophysiological personality research). Goettingen: Hogrefe. Fahrenberg, J., Hampel, R., & Selg, H. (1970). Das Freiburger Persoenlichkeitsinventar FPI-R. Handanweisung (Freiburg Personality Inventory Manual).(8th ed. 2010). Goettingen: Hogrefe. Fahrenberg, J., & Foerster, F. (1982). Covariation and consistency of activation parameters. Biological Psychology, 15, 151-169. Fahrenberg, J.(1986). Psychophysiological individuality: A pattern analytic approach to personality research and psychosomatic medicine. Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy, 8, 43-100. Fahrenberg, J. (1988). Psychophysiological processes. In J. R. Nesselroade, & R. B. Cattell (Eds.), Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology (2nd ed., pp. 867–914). New York: Plenum. Fahrenberg, J. (1992). Psychophysiology of neuroticism and anxiety. In A. Gale, & M. W. Eysenck (Eds.), Handbook of individual differences: Biological perspectives (pp. 179–226). Chichester: Wiley. .
Fahrenberg, J., & Myrtek, M. (Eds.). (1996).


texts:
 Ambulatory assessment. Computer-assisted psychological and psychophysiological methods in monitoring and field studies.Seattle, WA: Hogrefe & Huber. .
Foerster, F., & Fahrenberg, J. (2000). Motion pattern and posture: Correctly assessed by calibrated accelerometers. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 32, 450-457. Fahrenberg, J., & Myrtek, M. (Eds.). (2001).Progress in ambulatory assessment. Seattle, WA: Hogrefe & Huber. .
Fahrenberg, J. (2002). Psychologische Interpretation. Biographien – Texte – Tests (Psychological interpretation. Biographies – Texts – Tests). Bern: Huber. . PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J., Leonhart, R., & Foerster, F. (2002).Alltagsnahe Psychologie mit hand-held PC und physiologischem Mess-System (Psychology in daily life using a hand-held PC and physiological recorder). Bern. Huber. . PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J., & Steiner, J. M (2004). Adorno und die authoritaere Persoenlichkeit (Adorno and the Authoritarian Personality). Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 56, 127-152. PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J., & Myrtek, M. (2005). Psychophysiologie in Labor, Klinik und Alltag.40 Jahre Projektarbeit der Freiburger Forschungsgruppe Psychophysiologie – Kommentare und Neue Perspektiven (Psychophysiology in the laboratory, clinic, and daily life. 40 years’ research in the Freiburg Psychophysiology Research Group – Commentaries and new perspectives). Frankfurt am Main: Lang. . PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J. (2007). Menschenbilder. Psychologische, biologische, interkulturelle und religioese Ansichten. Psychologische und Interdisziplinaere Anthropologie (Concepts of man.Psychological, cross-cultural, and religious perspectives. Psychological and interdisciplinary


texts:
 anthropology). e-book. PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J., & Cheetham, M. (2007). Assumptions about human nature and impact of philosophical concepts on professional issues. A questionnaire-based study with 800 students from psychology, philosophy, and science. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, 14 (3), 183-214.Fahrenberg, J., Myrtek, M., Pawlik, K., & Perrez, M. (2007). Ambulatory Assessment – Monitoring Behaviour in Daily Life Settings. A Behavioural-Scientific Challenge for Psychology. European Journal of Personality Assessment, 23, 206-213. Prill, T., & Fahrenberg, J. (2007). New methods in ambulatory BP monitoring: Interactive monitoring and detection of posture and movement patterns.Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 39, 390-398. Fahrenberg, J. (2008). Gehirn und Bewusstsein. Neurophilosophische Kontroversen brain and consciousness. Neurophilosophical controversies. In S. Gauggel, & M. Herrmann (Eds.), Handbuch der Neuro- und Biopsychologie (pp. 28–43). Goettingen: Hogrefe. .
Fahrenberg, J. (2011). Wilhelm Wundt – Pionier der Psychologie und Außenseiter? Leitgedanken der Wissenschaftskonzeption und deren Rezeptionsgeschichte (Wilhelm Wundt – pioneer in psychology and outsider? Basic concepts and their reception).e-book. PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J. (2012). Wilhelm Wundts Wissenschaftstheorie. Ein Rekonstruktionsversuch (Wilhelm Wundt's theory of science. An attempt at reconstruction). Psychologische Rundschau, 63 (4), 228-238.Fahrenberg, J. (2013). Zur Kategorienlehre der Psychologie. Komplementaritaetsprinzip. Perspektiven und Perspektiven-Wechsel (On categories in psychology. Complementarity principle, perspectives, and perspective-taking). Lengerich: Pabst Science Publishers. .


texts:
 PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J.(2015). Wilhelm Wundts Neuropsychologie (Wilhelm Wundt's neuropsychology). D. Emmans & A. Laihinen (Eds.). Comparative Neuropsychology and Brain Imaging: Commemorative publication in honour of Prof. Dr. Ulrike Halsband (pp. 348–373). Vienna; LIT-Verlag. .
Fahrenberg, J. (2015).Theoretische Psychologie – Eine Systematik der Kontroversen (Theoretical psychology – A system of controversies). Lengerich: Pabst Science Publishers. . PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J. (2017). The influence of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz on the Psychology, Philosophy, and Ethics of Wilhelm Wundt.PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J. (2019). Wilhelm Wundt (1832 - 1920). Introduction, Quotations, Reception, Commentaries, Attempts at Reconstruction.Pabst Science Publishers, 2019. PsyDok
<mask>, J., Hampel, R., & Selg, H.(2020): Freiburger Persönlichkeitsinventar. (9., vollständig überarbeitete Auflage mit neuer Normierung und Validitätshinweisen, Prinzipien der Testkonstruktion und modernen Assessmenttheorie). Goettingen: Hogrefe. Fahrenberg, J & Fahrenberg, A. (2021). Täter-Forschung nach Auschwitz.John M. Steiners Untersuchungen (1962 bis 2014). PsychArchives

External links

External links
Institute for Psychology at Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg
Geschichte des Instituts für Psychologie in Freiburg
Geschichte der Forschungsgruppe Psychophysiologie
Publications by <mask> <mask> in Dokumentenserver PsyDok,Center for Psychological Documentation and Information, ZPID
German Society for Psychophysiology and its Application, DGPA
Society for Ambulatory Assessment. Homepage <mask> Fahrenberg

Research data (open access)
Standardization samples for questionnaires (normative data)Psychophysiological data

German

masks: Fahrenberg Jochen Fahrenberg Jochen


texts:
<mask> (March 7, 1811 – September 14, 1875) was an author, scientist, and naturalist. Biography

Born in Palmyra, New York, his family moved to Pennsylvania, back to New York, to Ohio then to Louisville, Kentucky (1827–1830) then back to Ohio while his father, <mask>, worked on the canals in various locations. Lapham was of entirely English ancestry, all of which had been in what is now the United States since the early 1600s. His ancestors were among the first English colonists to establish Rhode Island. He displayed a talent for scientific observation early on while working on the canals and their locks, producing drawings that he could sell at the age of thirteen. In July 1836, Lapham moved to Kilbourntown (which soon incorporated into the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin) and worked closely with Byron Kilbourn in his business and development endeavors. The two had worked together previously on the Miami Canal and Lapham considered him a loyal friend and mentor.Before the end of the year, Lapham had published a Catalogue of Plants and Shells, Found in the vicinity of Milwaukee, on the West Side of Lake Michigan, perhaps the first scientific work published west of the Great Lakes. In 1848, Lapham founded the Wisconsin Natural History Association, a predecessor of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, of which he also was a charter member. Many of his works and early maps were used for various civil projects such as canal and railroad development. In 1844 Lapham published the first substantial book on the geography of the Wisconsin Territory. His first map of Wisconsin was made in 1846. He published many more papers and books

masks:
Increase Allen Lapham
Seneca Lapham


texts: through his life, particularly on geology, archaeology and history, and flora and fauna of Wisconsin, including publication by the Smithsonian Institution. In 1850, he discovered the Panther Intaglio Effigy Mound, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places.Lapham was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1853, and he was Chief Geologist of the State of Wisconsin from 1873 to 1875. He was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1874. Lapham was one of the first people to recognize the cement potential of certain rock strata seen along the banks of the Milwaukee River. Those strata, now known as belonging to the Milwaukee Formation, were later mined for high quality natural hydraulic cement. Milwaukee thus went on to become the country's leading producer of natural hydraulic cement from 1876 to 1910. He was buried at Forest Home Cemetery in Milwaukee. <mask> is considered "Wisconsin's first great scientist" and the "Father of the U.S Weather Service," based upon his lobbying to Congress and the Smithsonian Institution to create such an agency to forecast storms on the Great Lakes and both coasts.When the agency was created through the U.S. Secretary of War, Lapham made the first such accurate Great Lakes storm warning from Chicago. Since his death, numerous landmarks throughout the southeastern Wisconsin area have been named after him, including Lapham Peak, the highest point in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, a major University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee building, and streets. In Madison, Wisconsin, he currently has an elementary school named after him. A genus of North American plants,


texts:
 Laphamia, was named for him by <mask> Gray. Several species of invertebrates from the Paleozoic rocks of Wisconsin, such as Nuculites laphami (Cleland, 1911) and Ekwanoscutellum laphami (Whitfield, 1877), were also named in honor of him. Certain markings found on iron meteors were designated by J. Lawrence Smith as Laphamite markings. A formerly existing glacial lake was provisionally named Lake Lapham.The Wisconsin Archeological Society awards the Lapham Research Medal, first doing so in 1926. The U.S. Navy named a ship SS Increase A. Lapham during World War II. The University of Wisconsin has an Increase A. Lapham Professorship. Lapham was inducted in 1992 into the Wisconsin Conservation Hall of Fame and in 2003 into the Wisconsin Forestry Hall of Fame. The centennial of Lapham's birth was celebrated in 1911. In 2011, celebration of the bicentennial was planned, including an Increase A. Lapham Day at Aztalan State Park. Lapham Junction () in Knapp, Jackson County, Wisconsin is now defunct railroad junction on the Goodyear branch of the Milwaukee Road which branch ran to Zeda, where lumbering operations took place, and was named for Lapham.Selected works

Some works of <mask> A. Lapham:

See also
Carte de visite
Fox–Wisconsin Waterway
Lapham Memorial
Soldiers' Home Reef

References

Hawks, Graham P. (1960) Increase A. <mask>, Wisconsin's first scientist. University of Wisconsin—Madison. Thomas, Samuel W. & Conner, Eugene H. (1973) The Journals of Increase <mask>m for 1827–1830. George Rogers Clark Press. Berquist, Goodwin & Bowers, Paul C., Jr. (2001) Byron Kilbourn and the Development of Milwaukee. Milwaukee County Historical Society.

masks:
Asa
Increase
Lapham
Allen Lapha


texts:
 Further reading

External links
General
 Increase A. Lapham, 1836–1990, collection in the manuscript collection of the Milwaukee County Historical Society
 Increase A. Lapham Papers, 1825–1930, in the archive and Topics in Wisconsin History at the Wisconsin Historical Society
Increase A. Lapham, Geologist, article in The Wisconsin Archeologist, 1936
 Increase A. Lapham and the Mapping of Wisconsin, article in the Wisconsin Magazine of History, 1985
Lapham Peak marker from 1995; Lapham Peak marker from 1988 (with original 1916 marker)
Works
 The Antiquities of Wisconsin, Increase A. Lapham, 1855 – University of Wisconsin–Madison Libraries
 A Geographical and Topographical Description of Wisconsin... (Milwaukee: P.C.Hale, 1844) online from the Wisconsin Historical Society
 Report on the Disastrous Effects of the Destruction of Forest Trees ... (Madison, Wis.: Atwood & Rublee, 1867) online from the Wisconsin Historical Society
 Selected letters on Indian Mounds, 1846–1852 Unpublished manuscripts online from the Wisconsin Historical Society

Maps
Milwaukee and Wisconsin maps at the American Geographical Society Library (AGSL) collection at UWM
1865, 1866,  1868, 1869 maps prepared for the Legislative Manual of Wisconsin
Map Tracking a Tornado, 1857 at the Smithsonian Institution Archives (SIA) and note
Map of Milwaukee, 1852 at the Harvard University Library

1811 births
1875 deaths
Scientists from Milwaukee
People from Palmyra, New York
Carroll University
Writers from Louisville, Kentucky
Writers from New York (state)
Writers from Milwaukee
History of Milwaukee
Members of the American Antiquarian Society
Scientists from New York


texts:
<mask> (22 March 1922 – 16 December 2013) was the titular Maharaja of Travancore. He was the younger brother of the last ruling monarch of the Kingdom of Travancore, Maharajah <mask>. Named Heir Apparent from birth, as per the Travancore matrilineal law of succession, he joined the firm of Plymouth and Company at Bangalore in 1952, working there as a clerk and truck driver briefly to study the functioning of industries at a basic level. He was the Chief Scout of the regional Boy Scout troop, and is also a patron of local hospitals and charities. He married the daughter of Lt. Col. Krishnan Gopinathan Pandalai, the sometime Supt. of the Government General Hospital, Madras, namely Ammachi Panapillai Amma Shrimati Radhadevi Pandalai and has a son, Ananthapadmanabhan Thampi and a daughter, Parvathidevi Kochamma. He resided at Pattom Palace, Trivandrum till his death in 2013.Early life

Sree <mask> <mask> was the youngest son of H.H Queen Mother Sethu Parvathi Bayi of Travancore by her consort, <mask> Kochu Koyi Thampuran of Kilimanoor Royal House, a Sanskrit scholar and the great-nephew of the celebrated painter, Raja Ravi <mask>. He was born on 22 March 1922 in Travancore. His siblings were Chithira <mask> Balarama <mask> and Karthika <mask> Lakshmi Bayi. His mother, Sethu Parvathi Bayi, was distantly related, by birth, to the Travancore Royal Family in the direct female line. In 1900, following the absence of heirs in the Travancore Royal Family, she had been adopted by her maternal great-aunt, Maharani Lakshmi Bayi. According to the matrilineal traditions of the Travancore Royal Family, Sree Uthradom <mask>, at the time of his birth, was proclaimed the Heir Apparent of Travancore with the title of : Sree Padmanabhadasa Maharajkumar Sree <mask> <mask>, Elaya Rajah (Crown Prince) of Travancore. Sree Uthradom Thirunal was educated privately by a group of 14 tutors in various subjects.He later graduated from

masks: Sree Padmanabhadasa Sree Um Thirunal Marthanda Varma


texts:
 the then Travancore University with Economics, Politics and History as specialisations in 1943. He was the recipient of the Moncombu Aandi Iyer Gold Medal for the best student in Sanskrit from the varsity. He was respected for his erudition. Titular Maharajah of Travancore

Sree Uthradom Thirunal became head of the Travancore royal family after his elder brother and the last monarch of Travancore Sree Chithira <mask> Balarama <mask> died in 1991. As a titular Maharaja, Uthradom Thirunal had no real administrative power but was a popular figure in Travancore, and had daily ceremonial engagements. He also maintained his ritual position at the Padmanabhaswamy Temple as the custodian of the temple, and was involved in events relating to this. On the discovery of the immense wealth in the vaults of Sree Padmanabha Swamy Temple in Thiruvananthapuram, the family shrine of Travancore royals, Uthradom Tirunal stated: "It has been in the temple vaults for centuries and the royal family has been well aware of that.It is the wealth of Lord Padmanabha and we have never ever felt any interest in it. It should be preserved as God's wealth in future also." Uthradom <mask> <mask> <mask> successor is Sree Padmanabhadasa Sree Moolam <mask> <mask> his nephew and second son of Sree Padmanabhasevini Maharani Karthika <mask> Lakshmi Bayi of Travancore and her husband Lt. Col. G. V. Raja. Community involvement

Trustee and "Dasa" of Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple
Patron-in-Chief Thiruvananthapuram Kendra Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
Chief Scout Travancore Boy Scouts Assoc, Travancore-Cochin Boy Scouts Assoc and Kerala Boy Scouts Assoc. Chief Patron Sneham Super Speciality Hospital Project
Patron Sri Swati Thirunal Sangita Sabha since 1991
Patron Shree Uthradom Tirunal Hospital (SUT)
Patron Muthalamada Sneham Charitable Trust
Patron Trivandrum Tennis Club (TTC) since 1938
Patron Trivandrum Club
Patron Trivandrum Friend-in-Need

masks:
Thirunal
Varma
Thirunal
Marthanda
Varma
Thirunal
Rama Varma
Thirunal


texts:
 Soc
Patron Ananthapuram Non-Resident's Association (ANORA)

Personal life

Sree Uthradom Thirunal joined the firm of Plymouth and Company at Bangalore in 1952, working there and also studying the functioning of industries at a basic level. He was the Chief Scout of the regional Boy Scout troop, and was also a patron of local hospitals and charities. He married Ammachi Panapillai Amma Srimathi Radhadevi Pandalai of Kayamkulam, daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Krishnan Gopinathan Pandalai.He has a son, Ananthapadmanabhan Thampi and a daughter, Parvathi Devi Thankachi. Uthradom <mask> resided at Pattom Palace, Trivandrum. A vegetarian and teetotaller, he did not drink coffee or tea or smoke. He won several trophies as an amateur horse rider. He played tennis, hockey, golf, football and polo. He learned photography in 1934 when his brother Sree Chithira Thirunal Bala <mask> Maharaja gave him a Rolleiflex camera, and built up a collection of about 5,000 negatives. He drove a lot, and won several medals from the Benz company at Stuttgart.Death

Sree <mask> Thirunal was hospitalised in early December 2013 following gastrointestinal bleeding. He died of cardiac arrest at a private hospital in Thiruvananthapuram on 16 December 2013. He died during the Murajapam Ceremony in the Padmanabhaswamy Temple which he had organised . The state government declared a public holiday on 16 December as a mark of respect to him. Though Sree <mask> Thirunal was the Titular Maharajah, the people called him 'Thampuran' and 'Thirumanassu' (lord or His Highness) with high esteem. Sree <mask> Thirunal attended all cultural programmes in the Capital City of Thiruvananthapuram and escorted Sree Padmanabha his family deity twice a year for Arattu procession. His wife, Ammachi Panapillai Amma Srimathi Radhadevi Pandalai predeceased him in 1993.He is survived by his two children, Ananthapadmanabhan Thampi and Parvathi Devi Kochamma.

masks:
Thirunal
Rama Varma
Uthradom
Uthradom
Uthradom


texts:
 Successor
With the demise of Uthradom Thirunal, Moolam <mask> <mask> became the titular Maharajah of Travancore and Revathi Thirunal Balagopal <mask>, the titular Elayarajah. Titles

1922–1991: His Highness Maharajkumar Sree <mask> <mask>, Elaya Raja of Travancore
1991–2013: His Highness Lt. Col Sree Padmanabhadasa Sree Uthradom Thirunal <mask> <mask> Maharaja of Travancore Titular

Honours

King George V Silver Jubilee Medal, 1935
King George VI Coronation Medal, 1937
Indian Independence Medal, 1947

Military Appointments

 Colonel Travancore University Labour Corps
 Lt. Col in The Nair Brigade (Bodyguards of Maharajah of Travancore) and (Travancore-Cochin State Forces)
 Honorary Lt. Colonel in the Indian Army

Biography

Mathrubhumi Books released a book named Thrippadi Daanam written by Uma Maheshwari featuring the biography of Uthradom <mask> <mask> <mask>. The book starts from the year 925 ME (1750 AD) when the Travancore King Anizham Thirunal Veerabaala <mask> <mask> surrendered his country to Sree Padmanabha through an act referred to as Thrippadi Daanam. The book also covers art- cultural lifestyle of Travancore rulers and gives a personal account about his elder brother & sovereign, Sree Chithira <mask> Balarama <mask>. See also

 G. V. Raja
 Travancore Royal Family
 Maharajah
 Thampi
 Panapillai Amma

References

External links

In Conversation With His Highness Uthradam Thirunal Marthanda Youtube.com
"Thousands pay their last tribute to Uthradom Thirunal Marthanda Varma" THE TIMES OF INDIA,  Laxmi Ajai Prasanna, TNN | 16 December 2013
Outlookindia.com
, ‘Thrippadi danam’ popular at the book fest by THE TIMES OF INDIA

1922 births
2013 deaths
People associated with Scouting
Maharajas of Travancore
People from Thiruvananthapuram district
20th-century Indian photographers
Educators from Kerala
20th-century Indian educators
Sportspeople from Thiruvananthapuram
Photographers from

masks:
Thirunal
Rama Varma
Varma
Marthanda
Varma
Marthanda
Varma
Thirunal
Marthanda
Varma
Marthanda
Varma
Thirunal
Varma


texts:
<mask> (January 3, 1937 – November 14, 2014) was an American musician, television producer, writer and director. His best known work in television was as the creator of the television series Alias Smith and Jones, Battlestar Galactica, Buck Rogers in the 25th Century, The Misadventures of Sheriff Lobo, Quincy, M.E., The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew Mysteries, B. J. and the Bear, The Fall Guy, Magnum, P.I. and Knight Rider. In addition to his television work, <mask> also was a member of the folk revival/satire group The Four Preps. Career
<mask> began his career in the entertainment industry in 1956 as a member of the vocal group The Four Preps, with whom he appeared in one of the Gidget films. The Four Preps ultimately produced three gold records for Capitol, all of which <mask> himself wrote and/or composed: "26 Miles (Santa Catalina)", "Big Man", and "Down by the Station". A later member of the Four Preps, David Somerville, and a session singer he knew, Gail Jensen, later collaborated with <mask> to write and compose "The Unknown Stuntman", the theme from The Fall Guy; series lead Lee Majors performed this song over the opening titles.After working for Quinn Martin on productions including The Fugitive (where he had his first writing credit), <mask> signed a production deal with Universal Studios. His first hit series was Alias Smith and Jones, a 1971–1973 Western which described the activities of Hannibal Heyes and Jedediah "Kid" Curry, concentrating on their efforts to go straight. (George Roy Hill's film, scripted by William Goldman, about Butch Cassidy and the "Sundance Kid", is commonly believed to have been the inspiration for the series.) <mask> was involved in the development for television of The Six Million Dollar Man, based on Martin Caidin's novel Cyborg, into the successful series, and was one of the program's

masks:
Glen Albert Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson