texts: was outlawed and would not be reinstated until the 1976–1977 season, which was shortly after <mask>'s retirement. This was at least the second time that the rules committee had initiated change in response to the domination of a superstar player; in 1944, the goaltending rule was instituted to counter George Mikan's dominant defensive play near the basket.In January, UCLA took its 47-game winning streak to the Astrodome in Houston, where the Bruins met Guy Lewis's Houston squad, who had Elvin Hayes and Ken Spain, in the Game of the Century in the nation's first nationally televised regular season college basketball game. Houston upset UCLA 71–69, as Hayes scored 39 points. In a post-game interview, <mask> said, "We have to start over." UCLA went undefeated the rest of the year and thrashed Houston 101–69 in the semi-final rematch of the NCAA tournament en route to the national championship. Sports Illustrated ran the front cover headline Lew's Revenge. The rout of Houston. UCLA limited Hayes to only 10 points; he had been averaging 37.7 points per game.<mask> credited Norman for devising the diamond-and-one defense that contained Hayes. The Game of the Century is also remembered for an incident involving <mask> and Edgar Lacy. Lacy was ineffective on defense against Elvin Hayes, and <mask> benched him after 11 minutes. Lacy never re-entered the game. Furious with <mask>, Lacy quit the team three days later, telling the Los Angeles Times "I've never enjoyed playing for that man." UCLA's talent during the 1968 NCAA tournament was so overwhelming that they placed four players on the All-Tournament team. In addition to Alcindor, Lucius Allen, Mike Warren, and "Lefty"

masks: Wooden Wooden Wooden Wooden Wooden Wooden


type: original

texts: Lynn Shackelford were given accolades.Kenny Heitz was also a member of UCLA's 1968 team. Lew Alcindor finished his career at UCLA in 1969 with a third consecutive national championship when the Bruins beat George King's Purdue team 92–72 in the title game. The three straight titles were matched by three consecutive MVP awards in the tournament as Alcindor established himself as college basketball's superstar during the three-peat performance. Alcindor and <mask> would continue their communication even after he left UCLA. In 2017, Jabbar wrote a book, "Coach Wooden and Me", which details their long-standing friendship. A sportswriter commented that everybody outside of UCLA would be happy that glorious day in June when Alcindor finally graduated and college basketball could go back to the routine method of determining a national champion. This prophecy would prove to be ludicrous over the next six years.The 1970 squad proved that nobody was indispensable to the success of the UCLA program, not even Alcindor, as Sidney Wicks, Henry Bibby, Curtis Rowe, <mask>, and Kenny Booker carried the Bruins to their fourth consecutive NCAA title with an 80–69 win over upstart Jacksonville, coached by Joe Williams. Wicks and Rowe double teamed 7-foot Artis Gilmore on defense and shut down the high-powered Jacksonville offense, which had been averaging 100 points per game. Gilmore and 5'10" Rex Morgan had been dubbed "Batman and Robin" by the press. In the 1971 NCAA championship game, Steve Patterson outscored Howard Porter of Jack Kraft's scandal-plagued Villanova squad as UCLA won 68–62. The following year, UCLA had its closest game in all of Wooden's 10 championships, beating

masks:
Wooden
John Vallely


texts: Hugh Durham's Florida State team 81–76 to take the 1972 title. After the game, Bill Walton said, "We didn't play well." The 1972–1973 season was one of the most memorable campaigns in the history of UCLA basketball.Freshmen became eligible to play varsity ball again, and the Bruins went 30–0 and stretched their winning streak to a record 75 straight in breezing through the NCAA tournament by blowing out Gene Bartow's Memphis State team 87–66 in the final, as Bill Walton hit an incredible 21 of 22 field goal attempts. Walton and <mask> were everybody's Player and Coach of the Year again. Keith Wilkes, Greg Lee, and Larry Hollyfield were members of that team, and Wilkes would go on to win four NBA championships as well. UCLA's two big streaks came to an end during the 1973–1974 season. In January, the winning streak stopped at 88 games when Digger Phelps's Notre Dame squad upended the Bruins 71–70 in South Bend. Two months later, Norm Sloan's North Carolina State team defeated UCLA 80–77 in double overtime in the semifinals of the NCAA tournament. David Thompson was NC State's All-American, and Tom Burleson did an excellent job on defense against Bill Walton.UCLA had beaten the Wolfpack by 18 points early in the season, but things were different when they met in March. <mask> coached what would prove to be his final game in Pauley Pavilion on March 1, 1975, a 93–59 victory over Stanford. Four weeks later, following a 75–74 overtime victory over former player and former assistant coach Denny Crum and Louisville in the 1975 NCAA Tournament semifinal game, <mask> announced that he would retire at age 64 immediately after the championship game. His legendary coaching

masks: Wooden Wooden Wooden


texts: career concluded triumphantly when Richard Washington and David Meyers combined for 52 points as UCLA responded with a 92–85 win over Joe B. Hall and Kentucky to claim <mask>'s first career coaching victory over the Wildcats and his unprecedented 10th national championship. Marques <mask> and Andre McCarter were also key contributors on Wooden's final championship team. The success of Wooden's last team was particularly impressive because it had no marquee stars such as Alcindor, Walton, Hazzard, and Goodrich; the team was a group of rugged opportunists.Andy Hill, who was on three Bruin teams under <mask> that won NCAA championships from 1970 to 1972, decades later co-wrote with <mask> the 2001 book Be Quick—But Don't Hurry! Finding Success in the Teachings of a Lifetime with Wooden. The bestseller details how Hill applied his experience as a player under <mask> to achieve success in his career as a television executive. His goal was to demonstrate the relevance of <mask>'s coaching style to the business world. The book also delves into his personal relationship with Wooden as his coach and mentor. In 2004, a 93-year-old Wooden stated that he would not mind coming back as an assistant who could help players with practices and other light duties. During his tenure with the Bruins, <mask> became known as the "Wizard of Westwood", though he personally disdained the nickname.He gained lasting fame with UCLA by winning 620 games in 27 seasons and 10 NCAA titles during his last 12 seasons, including seven in a row from 1967 to 1973. His UCLA teams also established an NCAA men's basketball record winning streak of 88 games and four perfect 30–0 seasons. They also won 38

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 straight games in NCAA tournaments and 98 straight home wins at Pauley Pavilion. "He never made more than $35,000 a year salary (not including camps and speaking engagements), including 1975, the year he won his 10th national championship, and never asked for a raise", wrote Rick Reilly of ESPN. He was given a Bruin powder blue Mercedes that season as a retirement gift. According to his own writings, Wooden turned down an offer to coach the Los Angeles Lakers from owner Jack Kent Cooke that may have been ten times what UCLA was paying him. Head coaching record

College basketball

List of NCAA championships

Legacy

When <mask> arrived at UCLA for the 1948–1949 season, he inherited a little-known program that played in a cramped gym.He left it as a national powerhouse with 10 national championships— the most successful rebuilding project in college basketball history. <mask> ended his UCLA coaching career with a 620–147 overall record and a winning percentage of .808. These figures do not include his two-year record at Indiana State prior to taking over the duties at UCLA. In 2009, <mask> was named The Sporting News "Greatest Coach of All Time". <mask> was recognized numerous times for his achievements. He was named NCAA College Basketball's Coach of the Year in 1964, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972 and 1973. In 1967, he was the Henry Iba Award USBWA College Basketball Coach of the Year.In 1972, he shared Sports Illustrated magazine's "Sportsman of the Year" award with Billie Jean King. In 1960, he was enshrined in the Basketball Hall of Fame for his achievements as a player and as a coach in 1973, becoming the first to be honored as both a player and a coach. After

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John Wooden
Wooden
Honors Wooden


texts: his coaching career ended, UCLA continued to honor <mask> with the title of Head Men's Basketball Coach Emeritus. On November 17, 2006, <mask> was recognized for his impact on college basketball as a member of the founding class of the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame. He was one of five people—along with Oscar Robertson, Bill Russell, Dean Smith and Dr. James Naismith—who were selected to represent the inaugural class. In 2009, he was inducted into the Missouri Valley Conference Athletics Hall of Fame in St. Louis. Coach <mask> was the ninth honoree in the Missouri Valley Conference's Lifetime Achievement category.<mask> said the honor he was most proud of was "Outstanding Basketball Coach of the U.S". by his denomination, the Christian Church. Since 1977, the John R. Wooden Award has been the most coveted of the four college basketball player-of-the-year awards. This award has attained the status of being the equivalent of football's Heisman Trophy for college basketball, with the winner announced during a ceremony held at the Los Angeles Athletic Club. The MVP award for the McDonald's All-American Game in high-school basketball is named the "<mask>. Wooden Most Valuable Player Award". The <mask> Legacy is held in his honor. In 1998 the Coach <mask> "Keys to Life" Award was created to be given to a former player or coach who exemplifies character, leadership and faith.This Award is presented at the Legends of the Hardwood Breakfast, which is held each year at the Final Four and is hosted by Athletes in Action. On February 3, 1984, <mask> was inducted into the Indiana State University Athletic Hall of Fame. In 2000, <mask> was honored with the

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Wooden
Wooden
Wooden
John R
Wooden
Wooden
Wooden
Wooden


texts: "Lombardi Award of Excellence" from the Vince Lombardi Cancer Foundation. The award was created to honor Coach Lombardi's legacy, and is awarded annually to an individual who exemplifies the spirit of the Coach. <mask> has schools and athletic facilities named after him. The gym at his alma mater Martinsville High School bears his name, and in 2005 a high school in the Los Angeles Unified School District was renamed to <mask> R. Wooden High School. In 2003, UCLA dedicated the basketball court in Pauley Pavilion in honor of <mask> and <mask>.Named the "Nell & <mask>en Court", <mask> asked for the change from the original proposal of the "John & Nell Wooden Court", insisting that his wife's name should come first. In 2008, Indiana State also bestowed this honor on <mask> by naming their home court in the Hulman Center the "Nellie and <mask>en Court". The student recreation center at UCLA is also named in his honor. Also in 2008, <mask> was honored with a commemorative bronze plaque in the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Memorial Court of Honor because his UCLA basketball teams played six seasons in the Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena. On November 8, 2008, Indiana State officially named the floor at the Hulman Center The Nellie and John Wooden Court in honor of the legendary coach and his late wife, Nellie. The ceremony included taped comments from <mask> and the participation of members of his 1946–47 and 1947–48 teams. The Sycamores christened the newly named floor by defeating the Albion College (MI) Britons in an exhibition game.On July 23, 2003, <mask> received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor. It was presented by George W.

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John
Nell Wooden
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John Wooden


texts: Bush after a three-year campaign by Andre McCarter, who was on Wooden's 1975 National Championship team. The Ukleja Center for Ethical Leadership at California State University, Long Beach established the <mask> Ethics in Leadership Award in 2009, with <mask> being the inaugural recipient. In 1986, <mask> was honored as an Outstanding Alumnus of the School of Liberal Arts at Purdue University – the first year the award was given. In 1976, <mask> received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement. On May 17, 2004, <mask> was awarded the Ambassador Award of Excellence by the LA Sports & Entertainment Commission at the Riviera Country Club. On Wooden's 96th birthday in 2006, a post office in Reseda, California, near where Wooden's daughter lives, was renamed the <mask> Wooden Post Office.This act was signed by President George W. Bush based on legislation introduced by Congressman Brad Sherman. In July 2010, <mask>'s alma mater, Purdue University, named a street on campus after him. On October 14, 2010, the Undergraduate Student Association Council of UCLA held a "John Wooden Day Celebration" to honor <mask>'s 100th birthday and to commemorate his contributions to the university. A portion of the UCLA Athletics Hall of Fame at Morgan Center is a recreation of <mask>'s den office in honor of his memory on campus. Golf Digest lists <mask> as one of four people to score both a double eagle and a hole in one in the same round of golf. The feat was accomplished in 1947 at the South Bend Country Club in South Bend, Indiana. The flagship leadership development program of Wooden's fraternity, Beta Theta Pi, is named "The John and Nellie Wooden Institute

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John Wooden
Wooden
John Wooden
Wooden
Wooden
Coach John
Wooden
Wooden
Wooden
Wooden


texts:
 for Men of Principle" after <mask> and his wife, Nellie.Coach <mask>'s maxims and creed are central to the teaching of leadership development at the institute. On October 26, 2012, a bronze statue of Wooden by sculptor Blair Buswell was dedicated at the newly renovated Pauley Pavilion. Wooden's Legacy, a 2012 public artwork statue by Jeffrey Rouse, is exhibited in Indianapolis, Indiana. Following Wooden
Three of Wooden's former players would take over the program and leave within a few years. Gene Bartow, Gary Cunningham, Larry Brown, and Larry Farmer were the four coaches who entered and left UCLA in the nine years following Wooden. One former UCLA head coach, former ESPN analyst and former St. John's head coach Steve Lavin (fired from UCLA in 2003), has said "The mythology and pathology of UCLA basketball isn't going to change" due to Wooden's legacy and believes that every basketball coach will eventually be fired or forced out from UCLA. Bartow, <mask>'s immediate successor at UCLA, went 28–5 in 1976, but was blown out twice that season by Bob Knight's eventual undefeated national-champion Indiana Hoosiers, the second time in the Final Four, and lost 76–75 in the 1977 West Region semifinals to Idaho State.Bartow won 85.2% of his games (compared to <mask>'s 80.8%) in two years, yet supposedly received death threats from unsatisfied UCLA fans. <mask> himself often joked about being a victim of his own success, calling his successors on the phone and playfully identifying himself ominously as "we the alumni..." In his autobiography, <mask> recounts walking off the court in 1975 after his last game as a coach, having just won his tenth title, only to have a UCLA

masks:
Coach Wooden
Wooden
Wooden
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texts:
 fan walk up and say, "Great win coach, this makes up for letting us down last year" (UCLA had lost in the semifinals in double overtime in 1974 to eventual national champion North Carolina State). Bartow's successor, <mask> protege Gary Cunningham, posted an even better two-year record after Bartow, .862 (50–8) and No. 2 rankings each year, but could not proceed past two wins in the NCAAs, and left. Larry Brown came next, racking up more losses, 17, in two years than UCLA had experienced the previous four. With a near-magical end-of-season run typical of his career, he managed to coach UCLA into the title game in 1980, where the Bruins lost to Louisville, coached by Denny Crum. Coincidentally, Crum had played for <mask> at UCLA before working for him there as an assistant coach.Brown then left UCLA. Former UCLA players Larry Farmer and Walt Hazzard then took turns directing the UCLA program from 1981 to 1988. Hazzard's 1985 team won the National Invitation Tournament. UCLA went 20 years after <mask>'s retirement before winning another national championship, finally hanging a banner again in 1995 under coach Jim Harrick, when Ed O'Bannon starred for the Bruins as they beat Arkansas 89–78 in the title game and denied Nolan Richardson back-to-back titles. In 2006, Ben Howland led the team back to the national championship game for the first time since the 1995 title game, but they were defeated 73–57 by the Florida Gators and their star player Joakim Noah. Harrick was the only coach of <mask>'s nine successors who has guided the Bruins to an NCAA championship. Personal life
<mask> met his future wife, Nellie "Nell" Riley, when he was a freshman in high school They

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Wooden
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John Wooden
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texts:
 were both 21 years of age when they married in a small ceremony in Indianapolis in August 1932 and afterward attended a Mills Brothers concert at the Circle Theatre to celebrate.The couple had a son, James Hugh <mask>, and a daughter, Nancy Anne Muehlhausen. Nellie died on March 21, 1985 from cancer at age 73. Wooden remained devoted to Nellie's memory until his own death 25 years after her passing. He kept to a monthly ritual—health permitting—on the 21st of every month, when he would visit her crypt in the mausoleum, then write a love letter to her. After completing each letter, he placed it in an envelope and added it to a stack of similar letters that accumulated over the years on the pillow she slept on during their life together. Wooden stopped writing the letters because of failing eyesight in the last months of his life. In mourning Nellie's death, Wooden was comforted by his faith.He was a devout Christian, considering his beliefs more important to him than basketball: "I have always tried to make it clear that basketball is not the ultimate. It is of small importance in comparison to the total life we live. There is only one kind of life that truly wins, and that is the one that places faith in the hands of the Savior." Wooden's faith strongly influenced his life. He read the Bible daily and attended the First Christian Church. He said that he hoped his faith was apparent to others: "If I were ever prosecuted for my religion, I truly hope there would be enough evidence to convict me." In a 2009 interview, he described himself politically as a "liberal Democrat", who had voted for some Republican presidential candidates.Final years and death

<mask> was

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texts:
 in good physical health until the later years of his life. On April 3, 2006, he spent three days in a Los Angeles hospital, receiving treatment for diverticulitis. He was hospitalized again in 2007 for bleeding in the colon, with his daughter quoted as saying her father was "doing well" upon his subsequent release. <mask> was hospitalized on March 1, 2008, after a fall in his home. He broke his left wrist and his collarbone in the fall, but remained in good condition according to his daughter and was given around-the-clock supervision. In February 2009, he was hospitalized for four weeks with pneumonia. On May 26, 2010, <mask> was admitted to the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center after suffering from dehydration.He remained hospitalized there and died of natural causes at age 99 on June 4, 2010. He was survived by his son, daughter, three grandsons, four granddaughters, and 13 great-grandchildren. Following a private ceremony, <mask> was interred with his wife Nellie in an outdoor community mausoleum at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in the Hollywood Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles. A public memorial service was held two weeks later at UCLA's Pauley Pavilion. Seven Point Creed
<mask>'s Seven Point Creed was given to him by his father Joshua upon his graduation from grammar school:

 Be true to yourself. Make each day your masterpiece. Help others.Drink deeply from good books, especially the Bible. Make friendship a fine art. Build a shelter against a rainy day. Pray for guidance and give thanks for your blessings every day. Wooden also lectured and authored a book about the Pyramid of Success. The Pyramid of Success consists of philosophical building blocks for

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texts:
 succeeding at basketball and at life. In his later years he was hired by corporations to deliver inspirational lectures and even appeared in commercials for Hartford Insurance and the NCAA.Following his death in June 2010—shortly after the basketball season— all UCLA sports teams wore either a patch or helmet sticker with the initials "JRW" inside a black pyramid for the remainder of the season, in honor of his philosophy. Furthermore, the men's basketball team continues to wear the patch as of 2019, though not in black. It is generally known that he received lecture fees that exceeded the salaries he was paid as a coach. Wooden proudly claimed that these late in life windfalls allowed him to set up education accounts for all of his grandchildren. At the top of the Pyramid of Success was "Competitive Greatness" which Wooden defined as "Perform at your best when your best is required. Your best is required each day." <mask> was also the author of several other books about basketball and life.Among Wooden's maxims:
Failing to prepare is preparing to fail (from Benjamin Franklin)
Flexibility is the key to stability
Be quick, but don't hurry
Seek opportunities to show you care. The smallest gestures often make the biggest difference

Publications
 <mask> and Steve Jamison (2010) The Wisdom of Wooden: My Century On and Off the Court, McGraw-Hill Education. <mask> and Don Yaeger (2009) A Game Plan for Life: The Power of Mentoring, Bloomsbury USA. <mask> and Steve Jamison (2009) Coach Wooden's Leadership Game Plan for Success: 12 Lessons for Extraordinary Performance and Personal Excellence, McGraw-Hill Professional. <mask> and Steve Jamison (2007) The Essential Wooden:

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Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden


texts:
 A Lifetime of Lessons on Leaders and Leadership, McGraw-Hill Education. <mask> with Swen Nater (2006) <mask>'s UCLA Offense, Human Kinetics. <mask> and Steve Jamison (2005) Wooden on Leadership: How to Create a Winning Organization, McGraw-Hill Education.<mask>, Jay Carty (2005) <mask>'s Pyramid of Success Playbook, Revell. <mask> with Steve Jamison (2004) My Personal Best, McGraw-Hill Professional. <mask> with Jack Tobin (2003) They Call Me Coach, McGraw-Hill Professional. (1985) Hardcover Revised Edition. Word Books. <mask>, Jay Carty (2003) Coach Wooden One-on-One, Regal. Andrew Hill with <mask> (2001) Be Quick – But Don't Hurry: Finding Success in the Teachings of a Lifetime, Simon & Schuster
 <mask> with Steve Jamison (1997) Wooden: A Lifetime of Observations and Reflections On and Off the Court, Contemporary Books.<mask> (1966) Practical Modern Basketball. The Ronald Press Company. See also

 List of college men's basketball coaches with 600 wins
 List of NCAA Division I Men's Final Four appearances by coach

Notes

References

Further reading
 Morrow, Barbara Olenyik. Hardwood Glory: A Life of <mask> (Indiana Historical Society, 2014)
 Nader, Swen and Ronald Gallimore. You Haven't Taught Until They Have Learned: <mask>'s Teaching Principles and Practices (FiT Publishing, 2010)
 Davis, Seth. Wooden: A Coach's Life (St. Martin's Griffin, 2014)

External links

 <mask> Biography and Interview with American Academy of Achievement

1910 births
2010 deaths
All-American college men's basketball players
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
American motivational writers
Basketball coaches from Indiana
Basketball players from

masks:
John Wooden
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John Wooden
John Wooden
Coach Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden
John Wooden


texts:
 Indiana
Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)
College basketball announcers in the United States
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
Guards (basketball)
Hammond Ciesar All-Americans players
High school basketball coaches in Indiana
High school basketball coaches in Kentucky
Indianapolis Kautskys players
Indiana State Sycamores athletic directors
Indiana State Sycamores baseball coaches
Indiana State Sycamores men's basketball coaches
Indiana State University alumni
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inductees
National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame inductees
People from Morgan County, Indiana
Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
Purdue Boilermakers men's basketball players
UCLA Bruins men's basketball coaches
United States Navy officers
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Whiting Ciesar All-Americans


texts:
<mask> (born 13 May 1991), known as <mask>, is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a winger for Scottish Championship club Inverness Caledonian Thistle. He previously played at Blackburn Rovers, from where he spent time on loan with Milton Keynes Dons and Leyton Orient. He has also represented the Republic of Ireland U21 team. Career

Blackburn Rovers

Doran signed his first professional contract with Blackburn Rovers in May 2008. He was involved in 2008–09 pre-season matches against Macclesfield Town and NAC Breda, and was given the squad number 39 by manager Paul Ince. He made his first-team debut as a substitute for <mask> against Liverpool on 11 April 2009. In October 2009 he was signed by League One club Milton Keynes Dons on a month's loan deal, On his debut for MK Dons he scored his first professional goal against Southend United in a Football League Trophy tie.In February 2010, he signed for Leyton Orient on-loan for a month. Doran made his debut for Orient in a 2–0 loss against Gillingham. Having played two games, he emphasized that he was keen to stay at the club for another month. In a 2–0 win over Walsall on 13 March 2010, Doran set up a goal for Sean Thornton. On 29 March 2010, it was announced that Doran would return to Blackburn Rovers at the end of his loan. His final appearance for Orient came during a 2–0 loss against Huddersfield Town. Blackburn manager Sam Allardyce stated in October 2010 that he felt Doran had "gone backwards" since emerging as a "tremendous prospect",
though Allardyce also suggested, in the same interview, that the player still had time to develop.However, he chose not to select Doran for first-team squad involvement. After Allardyce was removed from his position by Rovers' new owners, Venkys, Steve Kean listed Doran as a substitute in his first game as Blackburn's new manager. Inverness Caledonian

masks:
Aaron Brian Doran Cogan
Aaron Doran
Aaron Mokoena


texts:
 Thistle
On 25 January 2011, Doran signed for Inverness Caledonian Thistle on-loan for the final six months of the 2010–11 SPL season. Inverness manager, Terry Butcher, likened him to former Watford footballer Nigel Callaghan, suggesting that Doran was part of a wider re-emergence of technically gifted footballers at the top level of British football. He made his debut the day after signing his loan deal, coming on as an 82nd-minute substitute for Stuart Duff in a 2–0 defeat at home to Aberdeen. On his first club start, Doran helped Inverness beat Morton 5–1 to reach the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup, making two 'assists'. His general performance was described as "impressive" in BBC Scotland's match report.Doran scored his first goal for Inverness in a 3–3 draw against St Mirren. His second goal came during a 1–1 draw against Hearts on 16 April 2011, followed up scoring in the next game – a 3–0 win over St Johnstone on 25 April 2011. On 13 July 2011, it was announced that Doran had agreed a deal to join Inverness Caledonian Thistle permanently. He played his first match as a signed player, coming on as a substitute, in the opening game of the 2011–12 season against Hibernian. Playing a game against Kilmarnock, Doran suffered a dislocated shoulder, ruling him out for three months. On 28 December 2011, he was again injured, playing his first match back since his shoulder injury. He didn't play again until mid-April 2012, when he made his return in a 2–0 loss against Aberdeen.He did however, remain free from any further problems with his shoulder. The following season, 2012–13, Doran set up a goal for Nick Ross in the opening game of the season in a 2–2 draw against St Mirren. Two months later, on 5 October 2012, he scored his first goal of the season in a 3–1 win over Ross County, and in the next game, he contributed 'assists' for Billy McKay and Gary


texts: Warren during a 4–1 win over Dundee. Doran was highly praised by manager Terry Butcher after the 3–0 defeat of Rangers on Halloween 2012, in the 2012–13 League Cup quarter-finals. "If you give <mask>n space he'll utilise it, he'll expose teams and expose space, he's a good passer and a good supplier. He doesn't score a lot but what he does do is create a lot." After a good November, which included wins against Kilmarnock, Celtic and Aberdeen, Doran, along with Butcher and McKay, won the SPL Monthly awards.In mid-December, Doran announced he wanted to stay at the club and that he hoped Butcher would offer him a new contract. In April, Butcher announced that Doran was close to signing a new contract, along with his colleague, David Raven. At the end of the season, the speculation finally ended when Doran signed a new three-year contract with the club. The 2013–14 season started off very well for Doran when he scored and 'assisted' in the opening game of the season – a 3–0 win over St Mirren. He scored another in a 2–2 draw against Celtic a few weeks later. Doran continued his goal scoring form, netting again in the League and also in the Scottish Cup. He played in the final of the 2014 Scottish League Cup, where he came on as a substitute for James Vincent in the 63rd minute.Doran converted the fourth penalty in the shootout against Aberdeen, but Inverness CT lost 4–2 on penalties after a 0–0 draw. Soon after, Doran suffered a hamstring injury, which he sustained during the match against Motherwell on 19 March 2014. Doran made his return to the matchday squad against Ross County on 4 April 2014, which Doran assisted and scored, in a 2–1 victory for Inverness CT. The 2014–15 season started well for Doran, as the club earned 13 points in the first six matches. Of those first six matches, Doran scored his first Inverness CT goal of the season, in a 2–0 win


texts:
 over Motherwell and scored two weeks later on 30 August 2014 against Kilmarnock before scoring in the next game against Partick Thistle on 13 September 2014. On 1 January 2015, Doran scored twice and set up a goal for Billy Mckay in the Highland derby, in a 3–1 win over Ross County. Doran was soon on the sidelines that put him out of action with a groin injury and made his return to the first team, coming on as a substitute for Nick Ross in the 73rd-minute, in a 2–1 loss against Motherwell on 28 February 2015.Doran then scored his sixth goal of the season, in a 1–1 draw against St Johnstone on 2 May 2015. Doran started as a left-midfielder, in the Scottish Cup Final, where he set up the opener for Marley Watkins, in a 2–1 win over Falkirk to win their first ever Scottish Cup Final. Career statistics

Personal life
In February 2015, <mask> and teammate Danny Devine were fined £40 fixed penalty notices after causing a late-night disturbance. Following this, the club's assistant manager Russell Latapy said he hoped the pair would learn from their mistake. Honours
Inverness Caledonian Thistle
Scottish Cup : 2014–15
Scottish Challenge Cup : 2017–18

Individual awards
SPL Young Player of the Month: November 2012
Scottish Championship Player of the Month: March 2019

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
Association football midfielders
Republic of Ireland association footballers
Leyton Orient F.C. players
Republic of Ireland expatriate association footballers
Expatriate footballers in England
Blackburn Rovers F.C. players
Milton Keynes Dons F.C.players
Premier League players
Republic of Ireland under-21 international footballers
Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. players
Association footballers from County Cork
English Football League players
Scottish Premier League players
Expatriate footballers in Scotland
Scottish Professional Football


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<mask>  (born 2 November 1928) is an English journalist, popular historian, speechwriter, and author. Although associated with the political left in his early career, he is now a conservative popular historian. <mask> was educated at the Jesuit independent school Stonyhurst College, and at Magdalen College, Oxford. He first came to prominence in the 1950s as a journalist writing for and later editing the New Statesman magazine. A prolific writer, <mask> has written over 40 books and contributed to numerous magazines and newspapers. His sons include the journalist <mask>, founder of Standpoint magazine, and the businessman <mask>, former chairman of Channel 4. Early life and career
<mask> was born in Manchester.His father, William Aloysius <mask>, was an artist and Principal of the Art School in Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire. At Stonyhurst College, <mask> received an education grounded in the Jesuit method, which he preferred over the more secularized curriculum of Oxford. Whilst at Oxford, <mask> was tutored by the historian A. J. P. Taylor and was a member of the exclusive Stubbs Society. After graduating with a second-class honours degree, <mask> performed his national service in the Army, joining the King's Royal Rifle Corps and then the Royal Army Educational Corps, where he was commissioned as a Captain (acting) based mainly in Gibraltar. Here he saw the "grim misery and cruelty of the Franco regime". <mask>'s military record helped the Paris periodical Réalités hire him, where he was assistant editor from 1952 to 1955. <mask> adopted a left-wing political outlook during this period as he witnessed in May 1952 the police response to a riot in Paris (Communists were rioting over the visit of American general, Matthew Ridgway, who commanded the US Eighth Army during the Korean War; he had just been appointed NATO's Supreme Commander in Europe),

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 the "ferocity [of which] I would not have believed had I not seen it with my own eyes."Then he served as the New Statesmans Paris correspondent. For a time, he was a convinced Bevanite and an associate of Aneurin Bevan himself. Moving back to London in 1955, <mask> joined the Statesmans staff. Some of <mask>'s writing already showed signs of iconoclasm. His first book, about the Suez War, appeared in 1957. An anonymous commentator in The Spectator wrote that "one of his [<mask>'s] remarks about Mr Gaitskell is quite as damaging as anything he has to say about Sir Anthony Eden", but the Labour Party's opposition to the Suez intervention led <mask> to assert "the old militant spirit of the party was back". The following year he attacked Ian Fleming's James Bond novel Dr No, and in 1964 he warned of "The Menace of Beatlism" in an article contemporarily described as being "rather exaggerated" by Henry Fairlie in The Spectator.<mask> was successively lead writer, deputy editor and editor of the New Statesman magazine from 1965 to 1970. He was found suspect for his attendances at the soirées of Lady Antonia Fraser, then married to a Conservative MP. There was some resistance to his appointment as New Statesman editor, not least from the writer Leonard Woolf, who objected to a Catholic filling the position, and <mask> was placed on six months' probation. Statesmen and Nations (1971), the anthology of his Statesman articles, contains numerous reviews of biographies of Conservative politicians and an openness to continental Europe; in one article <mask> took a positive view of events of May 1968 in Paris, an article which at the time of first publication led Colin Welch in The Spectator to accuse <mask> of possessing "a taste for violence". According to this book, <mask> filed 54 overseas reports during his Statesman years. Shift rightward

From 1981 to 2009,

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texts: <mask> wrote a column for The Spectator; initially focusing on media developments, it subsequently acquired the title "And Another Thing". In his journalism, <mask> generally deals with issues and events which he sees as indicative of a general social decline, whether in art, education, religious observance or personal conduct.He has continued to contribute to the magazine, less frequently than before. During the same period he contributed a column to the Daily Mail until 2001. In a Daily Telegraph interview in November 2003, he criticised the Mail for having a pernicious impact: "I came to the conclusion that that kind of journalism is bad for the country, bad for society, bad for the newspaper". <mask> is a regular contributor to The Daily Telegraph, mainly as a book reviewer, and in the U.S. writes for The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, Commentary, and the National Review. He also contributes to Forbes magazine. For a time in the early 1980s he wrote for The Sun after Rupert Murdoch urged him to "raise its tone a bit." <mask> is a critic of modernity because of what he sees as its moral relativism, and finds objectionable those who use Charles Darwin's theory of evolution to justify their atheism, such as Richard Dawkins and Steven Pinker, or use it to promote biotechnological experimentation.As a conservative Catholic, <mask> regards liberation theology as a heresy and defends clerical celibacy, but departs from others in seeing many good reasons for ordination of women as priests. Admired by conservatives in the United States and elsewhere, he is strongly anticommunist. <mask> has defended Richard Nixon in the Watergate scandal, finding his cover-up considerably less heinous than Bill Clinton's perjury and Oliver North's involvement in the Iran-Contra Affair. In his Spectator column, <mask> defended his friend Jonathan Aitken, has expressed

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 admiration for Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet and limited admiration for Spanish fascist dictator Francisco Franco. <mask> was active in the campaign, led by Norman Lamont, to prevent Pinochet's extradition to Spain after Pinochet's arrest in London. "There have been countless attempts to link him to human rights atrocities, but nobody has provided a single scrap of evidence," <mask> was reported as saying in 1999. In Heroes (2008), <mask> returned to his longstanding claim that criticism of Pinochet's dictatorship on human rights grounds came from "the Soviet Union, whose propaganda machine successfully demonised [Pinochet] among the chattering classes all over the world.It was the last triumph of the KGB before it vanished into history's dustbin." He has described France as "a republic run by bureaucratic and party elites, whose errors are dealt with by strikes, street riots and blockades" rather than a democracy. <mask> is a Eurosceptic who played a prominent role in the "No" campaign during the 1975 referendum on whether Britain should stay in the EC. In 2010 <mask> noted that "you can't have a common currency without a common financial policy, and you can't have that without a common government. The three things are interconnected. So this [European integration] was entirely foreseeable. Not much careful thought and judgment goes into the EU.It's entirely run by bureaucrats." He served on the Royal Commission on the Press (1974–77) and was a member of the Cable Authority (regulator) from 1984 to 1990. Personal life
<mask> has been married since 1958 to the psychotherapist and former Labour Party parliamentary candidate Marigold Hunt, daughter of Dr. Thomas Hunt, physician to Winston Churchill, Clement Attlee, and Anthony Eden. They have three sons and a daughter: the journalist <mask>, a freelance writer, editor of Standpoint magazine, and

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 previously associate editor of The Daily Telegraph; <mask>, businessman and former chairman of Channel 4 Television; <mask>-Clark, an independent television executive; and Cosmo <mask>, playwright. <mask> and Marigold <mask> have ten grandchildren. Marigold <mask>'s sister, Sarah, an art historian, married the journalist, former diplomat and politician George Walden; their daughter, Celia Walden, is the wife of television presenter and former newspaper editor Piers Morgan. In 1998 it was revealed <mask> had an affair lasting eleven years with the writer Gloria Stewart.Stewart went public with the affair to the newspapers after what she saw as <mask>'s hypocrisy over his views on morality, religion and family values. <mask> is a friend of British playwright Tom Stoppard, who dedicated his 1978 play Night and Day to him. <mask> is a watercolourist, painting mainly landscapes, who has exhibited regularly. Honours
In 2006, <mask> was honoured with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by U.S. President George W. Bush. <mask> was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2016 Birthday Honours for services to literature. Partial bibliography
<mask>'s books are listed by subject or type. The country of publication is the UK, unless stated otherwise.Anthologies, polemics and contemporary history
 .
 .
 .
 .  An anthology of New Statesman articles from the 1950s and 1960s. .
 .
  – contributor.
 .
 .
 .
 1994 The Quotable <mask> A Topical Compilation of His Wit, Wisdom and Satire (George J. Marlin, Richard P. Rabatin, Heather Higgins (Editors)) 1994 Noonday Press/1996 Atlantic Books (US)
 1994 Wake Up Britain – a Latter-day Pamphlet Weidenfeld & Nicolson
 1996 To Hell with Picasso & Other Essays: Selected Pieces from "The Spectator" Weidenfeld & Nicolson
 2009 Churchill (biography), 192 pp. 2012 Darwin: Portrait of a genius (Viking, 176

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 pages)

Art and architecture
 1980 British Cathedrals Weidenfeld & Nicolson
 1993 Gerald Laing : Portraits Thomas Gibson Fine Art Ltd (with Gerald Laing & David Mellor MP)
 1999 Julian Barrow's London Fine Art Society
 2003 Art: A New History Weidenfeld & Nicolson

History
 1972 The Offshore Islanders: England's People from Roman Occupation to the Present/to European Entry [1985 ed as History of the English People; 1998 ed as Offshore Islanders: A History of the English People] Weidenfeld & Nicolson
 1974 Elizabeth I: a Study in Power and Intellect Weidenfeld & Nicolson
 1974 The Life and Times of Edward III Weidenfeld & Nicolson
 1976 Civilizations of the Holy Land Weidenfeld & Nicolson

 1977 Education of an Establishment in The World of the Public School (pp. – article by John Walsh on <mask>'s differences with The Guardian in The Independent 28 July 1997
 New York Times Featured Author 9 September 2000: <mask>
 White House press release regarding Presidential Medal of Freedom awarded to <mask>
 Paul <mask>'s articles and interviews (English and Spanish)

 Booknotes interview with <mask> on A History of the American People, 5 April 1998.
 . The Weekend Interview with Paul Johnson: Why America Will Stay on Top by Brian Carney (Wall Street Journal, 5 March 2011)
 Paul Johnson on BBC Radio 4's Desert Island Discs, 15 January 2012

1928 births
Living people
Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
British historians
British magazine editors
British male journalists
British Roman Catholics
Charles Darwin biographers
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
English male writers
Historians of Christianity
People educated at Stonyhurst College
Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
Roman Catholic writers
Royal Army Educational Corps officers
The American Spectator people
Writers from Manchester
British historians of religion
New Statesman people
King's Royal

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<mask> (born January 24, 1977), better known by his stage name <mask>, is a Canadian musician/producer/artist/writer. He is best known as the frontman of <mask> and the Shrines and for being one half of The <mask> & BBQ Show. <mask> was born in Montreal to an Indo-Canadian family. Since 2005, he resides in Berlin, Germany with his wife and two daughters. <mask> was a member of a number of Canadian garage bands including the Spaceshits, a frantic garage punk outfit formed in mid-1995. As his circle of fellow troublemaker musicians grew, in 1999, he helped create a "death cult" of such musicians, originally known as the "Kukamongas" with identifying tattoos and a love for real rock n' roll. He used the Blacksnake moniker while in the Spaceshits whose two full-length albums were released on Sympathy for the Record Industry.He has spent a considerable amount of time in collaboration with former Spaceshits bandmate Mark Sultan in the two-man band, The King <mask> & BBQ Show. Since 1999, <mask> has performed as leader and front man of <mask> and the Shrines, a psychedelic soul nine member band. They signed to Vice Records in 2008 and Merge Records in 2013. In early 2009, <mask> collaborated with Mark Sultan and the four members of the Black Lips to form a gospel supergroup called Almighty Defenders. Their debut album was released on Vice Records on September 22, 2009. Film soundtracks
In 2005, <mask> made his first film soundtrack for "Schwarze Schafe" (directed by Oliver Rihs). In 2016, he scored the film "Back To Nothing" (directed by Miron Zownir).In 2018, <mask> was asked by Rapid Eye Movies to replace two soul songs in the film "Blue Film Woman"(directed by Kan Mukai) a soft core Japanese "Pink Film" made in 1969, restored and to be re-released in 2019 by Rapid Eye Movies. In 2019, he scored and was

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 music supervisor for a documentary film about civil rights called "The Invaders" (directed by Prichard T. Smith). Black Power tarot
In 2014, King <mask> had the vision to celebrate Black Power using the mystic language of tarot. He chose 26 African American people who he felt followed a true path of illumination despite being born in a country that was so corrupt with racism and vehemently against them. <mask> had studied the tarot over a decade and was given a deck of the Tarot de Marseilles by Alejandro Jodorowsky while he visited him at his home. Jodorowsky's personal teachings paved the way for <mask> to understand the tarot much deeper than ever before. The mission behind the "Black Power Tarot" was to add a heavy dose of surrealistic mythos to American history by replacing the archetypes of the Major Arcana with the chosen people thus giving the world a new deck.<mask> shared this vision with Belfast artist, Michael Eaton who then came up with the drawings. <mask> provided him with many specific design instructions to stay true to the sacred geometry of the Marseilles deck, so that this deck could be used in the same way. <mask> then presented the drawings to Jodorowsky, who was asked to approve of each one. Jodorowsky approved 17 of the 22 cards in the first round. Khan & Eaton made the proper changes to the 5 remaining cards until they finally received Jodo's blessings and the supreme honour of being two of his spiritual warriors. Khannibalism
In August 2015, <mask> announced the creation of his own record label Khannibalism, a joint venture between himself and Ernest Jenning Record Co. The label has released a series of  4 singles from the soundtrack to the film The Invaders, as well as full-length albums from William S. Burroughs, <mask>, The Black Lips (with the Khan Family) and Saba

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 Lou.In 2019, Khannibalism plans on releasing the <mask> Experience, The Complete Invaders Film Soundtrack, Saba Lou's second album. Louder Than Death
In 2018, <mask> started a new punk rock collective called "Louder Than Death". The first release on In The Red Records featured long time collaborators Sean and Erin Spits (from The Spits), Drew Owen (Sick Thoughts) and Saba Lou. <mask> then recruited the Magnetix and Fredovitch from Bordeaux to back him up and they recorded the "Stop Und Fick Dich" LP will be released in 2019 by In The Red Records. The Spaceshits
The Spaceshits were established in mid-1995, featuring lead vocalist Mark Sultan, who was previously the drummer in a band called Powersquat in the Montreal suburb of Chateauguay. <mask> had been since the end of 1994 in a Black Flag and Pavement-influenced band known as the Maury Povitch 3, a band that existed until its demise some time in 1996. In August 1995, following several lineup changes, he also became the Spaceshits' bassist and for several months would play shows for both bands.The Spaceshits inherited Powersquat's reputation for violent stage shows. At first, sets lasted no longer than 10 to 15 minutes, during which the band or members of the audience would create disturbances, at times including fireworks or food fights. Eventually the band's raucous live shows would lead them to be effectively blacklisted from many venues in Montreal, an April 8, 1996 set in support of the New Bomb Turks in particular contributing to that. Another notable incident occurred on April 30, 1999, just before the beginning of a European tour, while the band was promoting a new Sultan Records release. As the first act, the Scat Rag Boosters, was performing, the venue's owners got into an altercation with <mask>, injuring his hand and leading to the

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 destruction of a television. This incident caused the two remaining bands, Lyle Sheraton and the Daylight Lovers, as well as the Spaceshits, to refuse to play, and they encouraged the audience to seek refunds. This event marked the end of the band's booking in Montreal.The Spaceshits went on to complete a European tour; one which would prove to be the last for the band. After the European tour had ended, Blacksnake opted to stay behind. Rather than continue on without him, the band members broke up, believing both that the band had run its course, and that Blacksnake had been like a brother to them and so replacing him would have been impossible. During his Spaceshits years, <mask> became closely involved with a host of bands in the Montreal scene. These included The Irritations, The Infernos, Lyle Sheraton and the Daylight Lovers, the latter two that included Paul Spence, as well as The Scat Rag Boosters. He starred in short movies such as Enchiladas de Amore and the unfinished Count Crackula and the Cocaine Kid, where he was featured with Spence. He also wrote for the weekly Montreal Mirror mainly as a music critic, interviewing musicians and performing such stunts as travelling around Montreal nightspots disguised as a chicken.He also wrote articles for Vice magazine. The <mask> & BBQ Show
Mark Sultan had been with <mask> in the Spaceshits from 1995–99. Following the Spaceshits' demise, Sultan started another Montreal-based band, Les Sexareenos, before venturing off on his own in 2002 as the one-man band BBQ. Visiting <mask> at his home in Kassel, Germany, they quickly developed a new act featuring <mask> and Sultan as his one-man band BBQ playing together. First, it was known as BBQ and Blacksnake, then as The King <mask> and BBQ Show. The <mask> and BBQ Show broke up in June 2010, but in 2011

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 reunited and since 2012 have been sporadically touring. <mask> and the Shrines
<mask> and the Shrines was established in the latter part of 1999 as Sultan helped start Les Sexareenos.The original lineup of the (Sensational) Shrines consisted of <mask> on vocals and guitars, Mr. Speedfinger on guitar, Boom Boom Jennes on bass, John Boy Adonis on "big beat," Sam Cook on trumpet, percussionist Ron Streeter (who formerly played for Curtis Mayfield, Stevie Wonder, and Al Jarreau), Ben Ra on saxophone, and Mr. Tom Bone on trombone. Eccentric French organist Fredovitch joined the lineup a week before the group recorded their first album at Toe Rag Studios in London. Almighty Defenders
On the Black Lips' 2009 tour of India, following an incident at a rowdy show in which Cole Alexander kissed fellow bandmember Ian St. Pe and exposed his private parts on-stage, the Lips fled the country while rumors of their arrests circulated the internet. The tour was canceled and the group members fled to the Berlin, Germany residence of <mask>. Over the course of eight days, in a typically booze-sloppy Black Lips fashion, they laid down 11 tracks with <mask> and his <mask> & BBQ Show bandmate Mark Sultan. On June 17, the full group made its live debut, performing a set in choir robes at the North by Northeast festival, and Vice Records made plans to release the Almighty Defenders' self-titled debut on September 22, 2009. Live Performances with GZA
In 2009, <mask> collaborated with rapper GZA, also known as The Genius.GZA is a member of the Wu-Tang Clan known for his laid-back flow and poetic, insightful lyrics. The two musicians had recently performed together at the 2009 NXNE festival in Toronto and also at the Fun Fun Fun Fest in Austin, Texas. GZA gave <mask> his Wu-name, "<mask>". Other projects
<mask> has, in his Moon

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 Studios and elsewhere, collaborated and recorded with friends and people he respects; as he told an interviewer, he records only people he loves. He has collaborated with Bloodshot Bill, releasing in 2009 a record under the name the Tandoori Knights. In 2001, <mask> and Jasper Hood of the Moorat Fingers became The Black Jaspers, under which they recorded an album released in 2009 on In The Red Records. In March 2010, SubPop Records released "The Fiery Tears of St. Laurent" from <mask> and Pat Meteor.Meteor is best known for his work with The Demon's Claws, a Montreal-based band with which <mask> has worked, and part of <mask>'s "death cult". In October 2010, a Tandoori Knights LP "Curry Up" was released followed by an EP called "Amon Ra Bless America" from a new project called Vomit Squad reuniting him with Spaceshits' drummer "Skid" Marks and others from the Montreal scene from which he came. In June 2011, he announced a new country music-inspired project with Jeff Clarke of Demon's Claws called <mask>wood Clarke. In November 2011, during the first Tandoori Knights' North American tour, he announced that new releases were soon to come from both Tandoori Knights and the Black Jaspers. In June 2013, the album he produced for outsider torch singer Mary Ocher was released on Hamburg's Buback records. Controversy
<mask> gained considerable media coverage after pictures surfaced on TMZ.com and Vice Magazine of him putting his bare buttocks in the face of actress Lindsay Lohan after performing as part of the Almighty Defenders at the Cannes Festival. References

1977 births
Living people
Garage punk musicians
Canadian punk rock singers
Canadian musicians of Indian descent
Canadian people of Indian descent
Canadian punk rock guitarists
Singers from Montreal
21st-century Canadian male singers
21st-century

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<mask> "Larry" <mask> (March 15, 1923 – February 7, 2012) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served as a member of the Manitoba legislature for most of the period from 1959 to 1988, and was a cabinet minister under New Democratic Premiers Edward Schreyer and Howard Pawley. Early life
The son of Joseph A<mask> and Valentine Desautels, Desjardins was educated at St. Boniface College, St. Paul's College and the Cincinnati College of Embalming. Desjardins played professional football with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. He was general manager of the St. Boniface Jr. Canadians and was a scout for the Montreal Canadiens. He was inducted into Manitoba’s sports hall of fame in 1990. He served in the Canadian navy during World War II.He worked as a funeral director, and was the President and Managing Director of Chapels, Ltd. He also joined the Knights of Columbus and the Canadian Council of Christian and Jews during the early years of his career. In 1944, he married Bernice McGuire. Desjardins began his political career at the municipal level, serving as an alderman on the St. Boniface City Council from 1951 to 1954, and also serving on the St. Boniface Hospital Board for a number of years. Provincial career
In the Manitoba general election of 1959, he was elected to the Manitoba legislature in the riding of St. Boniface as a Liberal-Progressive. This was the year of Progressive Conservative Premier Dufferin Roblin's first majority win, and Desjardins joined ten other Liberal-Progressives in the official opposition. In 1961, Desjardins emerged as one of the leading parliamentary supporters of government funding for private and denominational schools.A Roman Catholic and a native French-speaker, Desjardins regarded such funding as necessary for redressing anti-francophone legislation that had been pursued by previous Manitoba governments in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The Roblin government took some steps on this front, but the issue was still unresolved by

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 the 1970s. Despite the Roblin government's popularity, Desjardins had little difficulty being returned in the elections of 1962 and 1966 (the Liberal-Progressives had changed their name to the Manitoba Liberal Party in 1961). In the 1969 election, <mask> faced stronger than usual competition from his New Democratic opponent, Kam Gajdosik, but won by 4210 votes to 2656. Crossing the floor
The 1969 election was a watershed in Manitoba politics, and resulted in a dramatic shift in <mask>' career. Under Edward Schreyer's leadership, the social-democratic NDP moved from third to first place, winning 28 seats out of 57 in the assembly. This was one short of a majority, and there was initial uncertainty as to which party or parties would form government.There was some consideration of an "anti-socialist coalition", which would have brought together all parties except the NDP under the leadership of former Liberal leader Gildas Molgat. This, however, did not occur. The impasse was ended when <mask> announced that he would offer parliamentary support to the NDP, and change his party affiliation to Liberal-Democrat. <mask>' change of affiliation was significant, and on some levels surprising. He had previously been known as an opponent of socialism, and the Franco-Manitoban community had not traditionally been supportive of the New Democratic Party before this time. Nevertheless, <mask> formed an alliance with Schreyer (himself a centrist New Democrat), on the understanding that he would be able to continue to work in favour of denominational school funding on the government side. In order to make sure this move was supported by his constituents, <mask> organized a vote of confidence on this decision on July 8.Had he lost this vote, <mask> would have resigned as MLA, and would have run as a Liberal-Democrat candidate in a subsequent by-election. About 1000 people showed up at the Louis Riel School gymnasium for the vote of confidence, and <mask> received a standing ovation when he

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 arrived in the hall. The vast majority of the attendees gave their support to Desjardins, with only 13 people opposing him. <mask> became Schreyer's legislative assistant in 1969, and formally joined the New Democratic Party in 1971. On December 1, 1971, <mask> was appointed Minister of Tourism, Recreation and Cultural Affairs. In July 1972, his efforts in support of denominational schools were dealt a setback when a government-sponsored bill to permit funding was defeated by a free vote in the legislature. (The Schreyer government did, however, make administrative agreements with certain private schools to provide them with access to public monies.)Defeat and return
Given the lack of historical francophone support for the NDP in Manitoba, it was unclear if <mask> would be re-elected in the provincial election of 1973, and his riding was targeted by a right-wing "citizen's" group in the recently amalgamated city of Winnipeg (which included St. Boniface). This group convinced the Progressive Conservative Party to withdraw their candidate in St. Boniface to provide a single "anti-socialist" alternative to the NDP. <mask>' sole opponent in June 1973 was Liberal candidate J. Paul Marion. Following a very close race, Marion was declared the winner by a single vote (4301 to 4300). This result was disputed, however, and was subsequently overturned by the Controverted Elections Act. In December 1974, <mask> defeated Marion in a by-election by over 600 votes. Later career
In 1973, Schreyer's New Democrats were re-elected, winning their first majority government.<mask> had resigned from cabinet on January 28, 1974, during the ongoing controversy concerning the St. Boniface results, but that December 23, he was re-admitted to cabinet as Minister of Health and Social Development. On January 8, 1975, he was also given responsibility for the Manitoba Lotteries Act. <mask> was easily re-elected in the 1977 election, although Schreyer's New Democrats were defeated provincially by the

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 Progressive Conservatives under Sterling Lyon. Desjardins sat as a member of the opposition for the next four years. The New Democrats returned to power in the 1981 provincial election under the leadership of Howard Pawley, and <mask> was personally re-elected without difficulty. He was re-appointed to cabinet on November 30, 1981, serving as Minister of Health and Minister of Recreation and Sport, with responsibility for the Lotteries and Gaming Control Act. He was re-designated as Minister of Health with responsibility for Minister responsible for Sport, the Fitness and Amateur Sport Act, and the Boxing and Wrestling Commission Act and the Manitoba Lotteries Foundation Act.During the 1980s, <mask> was a prominent supporter of Howard Pawley's efforts to expand and entrench French-language services in Manitoba. On January 30, 1985, <mask> was shifted to the Ministry of Urban Affairs. He was again re-elected without difficulty in the 1986 provincial election, and on April 17, 1986, he was reappointed Minister of Health and Sport (once again holding responsibility for the Boxing and Wrestling Commission Act and the Fitness and Amateur Sport Act). <mask>'s work for the interest of sport in Manitoba was recognized with his induction into the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame as a Multi-sport Builder in 1990. Retirement
<mask> resigned from his cabinet positions on February 10, 1988, after a Supreme Court ruling that provinces could not restrict a woman's right to abortion, and announced that he would be leaving the legislature to take a job in the private sector. His seat was not formally declared vacant, but he stopped attending sessions of the legislature after this period. He then served as head of the Manitoba Health Organization until 1990.Ironically, just as Desjardins had helped bring the NDP into government in 1969, his decision to leave the legislature in 1988 played a major role in the party's unexpected fall from power. In his absence, the legislature was almost evenly

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 divided between government and opposition members; as such, NDP backbencher Jim Walding's decision to vote against his government's budget was enough to defeat the Pawley ministry in the House. The NDP lost the subsequent 1988 Manitoba general election, and did not return to power until 1999. During his time in the legislature, <mask> was known as a personable figure; fellow New Democratic cabinet minister Russell Doern once called him a "Rabelasian character". He was regarded as cautious and pragmatic, and was often more supportive of small-business interests than others in the New Democratic Party. <mask> was a member of the federal Liberal Party for most, if not all of time in the provincial NDP. This practice is no longer possible; the federal NDP is now integrated with its provincial and territorial branches.He openly supported former Liberal MLA Lloyd Axworthy's successful bid to enter the House of Commons of Canada in 1979. During the 1990s, <mask> led a policy review group which studied Manitoba's lotteries system, and argued against the expansion of Manitoba's casino economy. In 2002, he wrote an open letter on health-care reform, arguing that money alone would not resolve the problems within the system. In March 2003, he participated in a discussion on health-care funding at the Frontier Centre for Public Policy, in which he argued that Canada's provinces should be permitted to enact user fees and expand the role of the private sector in health-care provision. He served as first president of the Western Canada Lottery Foundation. <mask> died at the Victoria Hospital in Winnipeg following a fall; he was 88 years old. References

1923 births
2012 deaths
Franco-Manitoban people
Funeral directors
Members of the Executive Council of Manitoba
New Democratic Party of Manitoba MLAs
People from Saint Boniface, Winnipeg
Sportspeople from Winnipeg
Winnipeg Blue Bombers players
Manitoba municipal councillors
Royal Canadian Navy personnel of World War II
Accidental deaths

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<mask> (1756–1824) was a London publisher who specialized in children's literature, chapbooks, educational games and teaching schemes. He called himself the "Children's Printer" and children his "young friends". He was pre-eminent in England as a children's book publisher from about 1780 to 1800. After 1795, he became the publisher of Hannah More's Cheap Repository Tracts, but a dispute with her led to him issuing a similar series of his own. About 1800 <mask> began publishing a series of miniature libraries, games and picture books for children. After his death in July 1824, his business was continued either by his widow or his unmarried daughter, both of whom were named Eleanor. Life
<mask> was baptised 28 November 1756 in the parish church of St Mary Aldermary, London, the son of <mask> (fl.1752–1779) and his wife Ellenor. His father was a junior partner, then full partner and finally owner of a successful chapbook and popular print business at No. 4, Aldermary Churchyard, off Watling Street, which had been founded in 1755 by William and Cluer Dicey. He was bound apprentice to the printer Edward Gilberd of Watling Street 3 September 1771, but transferred to his father's business a year later and became a freeman of the Stationers' Company on 6 October 1778. He inherited his father's business the following year. <mask> married Eleanor Blashfield on 4 December 1788. Their two children were Eleanor Elizabeth,

masks:
John Marshall
Marshall
John Marshall
Richard Marshall
John


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 born 8 March 1790, and <mask>, born 28 May 1792.He died during the summer of 1824. History of the business
<mask> left half his business to his son <mask>, and a quarter each to his nephew James and his widow. It continued as John Marshall and Co. until November 1789, when the partnership was voluntarily wound up and <mask> continued in business on his own. In October 1806 <mask> moved it to 140 Fleet Street, where it remained until his death in 1824. Under his will made in 1813, the firm was bequeathed to his widow <mask>, but probate was granted on 14 July 1824 to his unmarried daughter Eleanor Elizabeth <mask>. One of these continued the business as "E. Marshall" until about 1829. Street literature
Richard's firm was based on selling popular prints, maps, chapbooks, broadside ballads and other forms of street literature.These continued to be prominent in its output until the mid-1790s. There are examples of all of these that contain <mask>'s imprint, but the extent of his involvement is difficult to ascertain, as many were undated and bore the imprint "Printed and sold in Aldermary Churchyard". Children's literature
Richard had begun in the 1770s to publish children's books as a sideline; this side was greatly expanded by <mask> and his partners after 1780. <mask> recruited several new female authors and published some of the most important children's literature of the time, notably:
Mary Ann Kilner: The

masks:
John
Richard Marshall
John
John
Marshall
Eleanor Marshall
Marshall
John Marshall
John
Marshall


texts:
 Adventures of a Pincushion, The Adventures of a Whipping-Top, Jemima Placid, Memoirs of a Peg-Top, William Sedley
Dorothy Kilner: Anecdotes of a Boarding-School, The Histories of More Children than One, The Life and Perambulation of a Mouse, The Rotchfords
Ellenor Fenn (Mrs Teachwell): Cobwebs to Catch Flies, Fables in Monosyllables, The Mother's Grammar, The Rational Dame, Rational Sports, School occurrences
Sarah Trimmer: Scripture Lessons, various prints of biblical and historical scenes, with accompanying descriptions, for use in Sunday and other schools
Lucy Peacock – The Life of a Bee, Emily; or, The Test of Sincerity
All of these went through several editions. Some remained in print well into the 19th century, such as Cobwebs to Catch Flies, and The Life and Perambulation of a Mouse, which was praised by Sarah Trimmer and by Mary Wollstonecraft. <mask>'s catalogue of May 1793 listed 113 children's book titles, two children's magazines, and various teaching aids. Teaching aids
Marshall ventured into publishing teaching aids about 1785, with Mrs Teachwell's Set of Toys, for enabling Ladies to instill the Rudiments of Spelling, Reading, Grammar, and Arithmetic, under the Idea of Amusement, which was accompanied by an instruction manual, The Art of teaching in sport.Other teaching aids listed in the 1793 catalogue were Miss Cowley's Pocket Sphere (for teaching geography), and Alphabetical Cards for enticing


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 Children to acquire an early Knowledge of their Letters. A "dissected map of England", forerunner of modern Jigsaw puzzles, was also advertised between 1795 and 1801. Retail bookselling
In 1787 the business opened a retail bookshop at 17 Queen Street, Cheapside (hitherto the Aldermary Churchyard premises had principally served as a wholesale supplier and printing office). The shop seems to have closed about 1799, when the business appears to have suffered a financial setback after the break with Hannah More. Children's periodicals
On four occasions in his career <mask> attempted to start periodicals for children. These were:
The Juvenile magazine; or, An instructive and entertaining miscellany for youth of both sexes edited by Lucy Peacock, 1788
The Family magazine; or, a Repository of religious instruction, and rational amusement edited by Sarah Trimmer, 1788–1789
The Children's magazine; or, Monthly repository of instruction and delight, 1799
The Picture magazine, or, monthly exhibition for young people, 1800–1801

Cheap Repository Tracts
Marshall was the London printer and publisher of Hannah More's Cheap Repository Tracts between 1795 and December 1797. After the dispute with More in 1797, <mask> published his own series of Cheap Repository Tracts until 1799.After the formation of the Religious Tract Society in 1799, <mask> abandoned tract publishing and concentrated on further forms of publication for

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 children. Miniature libraries and cabinets
<mask> published a range of miniature libraries in wooden cases, after 1799, including "The Child's Latin Library", "The Doll's Library", "The Infant's Library", or "The Juvenile; or child's library". Similarly, he published a range of "Cabinets" (wooden boxes containing sets of picture cards and miniature books), such as The Cabinet of Beasts, The Cabinet of Birds, The Cabinet of Fishes, The Infant's Alphabetical Cabinet, The Infant's Cabinet of the Cries of London and The Doll's Casket. Picture Books

<mask> was an early innovator in coloured picture books for children, illustrated with hand-coloured etchings. During the early 19th century, he published editions of many traditional fairy tales such as Cinderella, Puss in Boots and Aladdin, along with accumulative rhymes and games such as "This Is the House That Jack Built", "The Barn that Tom built", and "The Gaping Wide-mouth'd Waddling Frog", with hand-coloured illustrations. He was also noted for a range of books of humorous verses illustrated by the caricaturist Isaac Robert Cruikshank. Other activities
Like other printers and publishers of the time, <mask> was involved in selling patent medicines, although in his case these were aimed specifically at children.He advertised "an improved preparation of Dr. Waite's Worm Medicine... impossible to distinguish it from the most agreeable Gingerbread Nut", from premises


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 at 42, Long-lane, West Smithfield, in 1793. He also appears to have supported the movement in Britain to abolish the slave trade. He printed a number of anti-slavery tracts, including a print showing "The cruel treatment of slaves in the West Indies" in 1793. Children's literature
After the death of <mask>, the first publisher to make a profit publishing children's literature, many firms began to enter the business, but none ever had the monopoly Newbery did. <mask> was one of the most successful and published "the most original books", popularizing fictional biography for juvenile readers. In general, <mask> published books that were more serious than Newbery's, emphasizing the "instruction" part of "to instruct and delight", the imperative of 18th-century children's literature. His catalogue included this announcement:

However, although <mask> advocated more disciplined stories, he also published Newbery-inspired stories that "stressed amusement" and would sell well, including fairy tales.By the mid-1780s, he was focusing almost exclusively on moral works with a strong Christian element. As Samuel Pickering, Jr., a scholar of 18th-century children's literature, explains, "He was a shrewd publisher and, reading the market well, he saw that instruction would sell. While keeping a selection of old-fashioned, amusing books in print... he established a reputation as a printer of moral works." Mary Jackson

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texts: describes his strategy in sharper terms, saying he engaged in "apparent duplicity and sharp tricks", claiming he was a reforming publisher but issuing tales that had little moral redemption in the eyes of Trimmer, Fenn, Kilner, and others. In 1795, he became a printer for Hannah More's Cheap Repository Tracts. <mask> learned from Anna Laetitia Barbauld's innovative children's literature and began to use large fonts and margins. He also took up graduated readers like her Lessons for Children.Ellenor Fenn wrote a series for him, which began with Cobwebs to Catch Flies. He recognized the value of illustrations in children's books. Beginning in the mid-1780s, he and Sarah Trimmer published several sets of illustrated stories about the Bible and ancient history. Like most commercial publishers at the time, <mask> was driven by profit and paid his writers poorly. Mrs Fenn received no monetary payment for her works, merely printed copies of <mask>'s works to give away as gifts to her friends and neighbours. Mrs Trimmer's Description of a Set of Prints of Scripture History and Description of a Set of Prints of Ancient History, among others, went through many editions and no doubt made money for <mask>, but she did not see much of the profits. She complained that he treated her like "a mere bookseller's fag".More described him as "selfish, tricking and disobliging from first to last" and resented his desire to make as

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 much money as possible from the Cheap Repository Tracts. However, she saw their publication as a moral crusade, whereas he had grown up publishing such works as a business. Like Newbery, <mask>'s authors advertised his books within their texts. For example, in Anecdotes of a Boarding School, a mother gives her daughter <mask>'s Dialogues and Letters and Adventures of a Pincushion as she is going off to school. In Jemima Placid, the heroine reads books that could "be bought at Mr. <mask>'s" and her father decides to buy many for his friends. Notes

External links
<mask>'s 1793 catalogue

References
Alderson, Brian, "Miniature libraries for the young", The Private Library, 3rd series 6. (1983), 3–38.Alderson, Brian and de Marez Oyens, Felix, Be merry and wise: origins of children's book publishing in England 1650–1850, New York: Pierpont Morgan Library, 2006. Darton, F. J. Harvey. Children's Books in England. 3rd ed. Rev. Brian Alderson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982.Jackson, Mary V. Engines of Instruction, Mischief, and Magic: Children's Literature in England from Its Beginnings to 1839. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1989. Laws, Emma The Children's Printer', Miniature Libraries, London: Victoria and Albert Museum http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/wid/exhibits/miniaturelibraries/childrensprinter.html
McKenzie, D. F. (ed. ), Stationers' company apprentices 1701–1800, Oxford Bibliographical

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Marshall
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 Society, 1978. O'Connell, Sheila The popular print in England 1550–1850, London: British Museum, 1999. Pollard, Graham (ed.), The Earliest Directory of the Book Trade by <mask>d (1785), London: the Bibliographical Society, 1955. Pickering, Samuel F., Jr. John Locke and Children's Books in Eighteenth-Century England. Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press, 1981. Shepard, Leslie, <mask>s ballad printer of Seven Dials, London 1765–1844, London: Private Libraries Association, 1969. Simmons, R. C. (ed. ), The Dicey-Marshall Catalogue http://www.diceyandmarshall.bham.ac.uk/.Spinney, G. H., "Cheap Repository Tracts; Hazard and Marshall edition", The Library, Vol. 20, Fourth Series, (1939–40), pp. 295–340. Stoker, David. "Ellenor Fenn as 'Mrs Teachwell' and 'Mrs Lovechild': a pioneer late eighteenth century children's writer, educator and philanthropist". Princeton University Library Chronicle (2007). pp.816–850. Stoker, David. 'The Marshall Family's Print Publishing Business', Print Quarterly, volume XXXVIII, no.1, March 2021, pp.51-63. British publishers (people)
1824 deaths
1756

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John Pendre
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<mask> (30 January 1789 – 13 March 1823) was a Nepalese military commander and administrator in the Kingdom of Nepal. He is one of the National heroes of Nepal. He was highly praised for his military skill for the defence of the Nalapani fort in the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814–1816). He was Captain in the Nepalese military and was tasked as commander to protect the forts of Dehradun. Name
His given name Junge is the name of Baladeva (Balarama), the elder brother of Krishna. It is an amalgamation of two words; Bala () and Bhadra ()

Family and early life

He was born to father <mask>, a resident of Bhanwarkot of Panchkhal Municipality in Kavrepalanchowk District. His mother Ambika Devi was a sister of Kaji Ranajor Thapa and daughter of Bada Amar Singh Thapa.His father Chandrabir was son of Jaya Krishna Kanwar, a son of Ashiram Kanwar. His brother Birabhadra Kunwar was military commander in Kumaun and Kangra front (1809 A.D.) as well as governor of Garhwal. The Anglo-Nepal War 1814–1816

As commander of the Gorkhali forces in Dheradun, Capt. <mask> <mask> was handed the responsibility of defending the area. The expanding Nepali/Gorkhali State had since the mid-late 18th century expanded the nation's border on all sides, which eventually led to conflict with the British East India Company and a war followed. Realizing he could not defend the town of Dehradun, Capt. <mask> <mask> withdrew to the strategic hill fort of Khalanga with an army strength of 600 including women and children against the British East India Company British stronghold of 3000–3500 troops.He turned down an incentive proposal of the British who would make him Governor of the Western Garhwal should he surrender or leave Nepal. In the month of October 1814, Major General Sir Rollo Gillespie of the British army had advanced along with 3,500 troops and eleven pieces of cannon to occupy the Nepali territories situated between the Ganges and Yamuna rivers

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Balbhadra Kunwar
Chandrabir Kunwar
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Kunwar


texts: in the Gharwal and Kumaon regions that had been occupied by the Nepali forces. Captain Balabhadra Kunwar had maintained his position at a 400 cubits high hill in a place called Nalapani, situated north-east of Dehradun, to check his advance. On Kartik 8, 1871, Bikram Samvat (October 1814), British troops reached Dheradun. A battle took place between British and Nepali troops at Nalapani on Kartik 10, 1871 B. Samvat. The British were unsuccessful and withdrew to Dehradun. Another battle was fought between the two sides at Nalapani on Kartik 17, 1871 Samvat (ca.Oct 31, 1814). General Gillespie, the British Commander, lost his life in that battle along with Col. Alice. The siege continued for a month until the British, convinced that they could not win by military ways, blocked the source of water to the fort so that the Nepalese would die of thirst. For the Nepali Army it was a hard struggle fighting a very well equipped and trained modern army, belonging to one of the largest colonial Empires of the world. <mask> Kunwar had asked for reinforcements from the capital but Kathmandu could not send them any soldiers as the Nepali army had no reserve army and were an emerging power which means that they did not have troops to match the East India Company. The Nepalese army was outnumbered in Nalapani as it was in every battlefield. Even though the Nepali army lacked water they were still determined to defend their position.Because the walls had collapsed, cannonballs fired by the British started reaching the interior of the fort. Many men were killed or injured. Despite losing their comrades and friends the remaining men were still determined to defend their position. In order to drink water from the river they came out of the fort in a single line, and the British forces watched in surprise as the Nepali troops quenched their thirst and returned to their fort. On Marga 16 (Nov 1814), four of the commanders, including


texts: Capt. Balabhadra Kunwar, in the night was forced to abandon the fort of Nalapani with their remaining Gorkhali troops. On seeing the Nepalis abandon the fort, the British attacked them.The Nepalis resisted the attack but continued to advance. They reached Dwara in the morning of Marga 17, 1871 and stayed the whole day there. Balabhadra sent a courier to the British with the following message: We had handed over to you your dead and injured soldiers on your request. We now request you to hand over our injured soldiers to us. The British replied that they would look after the injured (Nepali) soldiers themselves. Accordingly, they treated the 180 injured soldiers at the Nalapani fort. The next day, Marga 18, 1871 Samvat, the Nepalis left Dwara for the  Gopichand Hill, where they had decided to build a fort.Dwara was not considered suitable for that purpose. The Nepalis spent the night at the Gopichand hill. At midnight, the British forces started shelling their camp. The Nepalis retaliated. Meanwhile, Sardar Ripumardan Thapa sustained an injury in his right arm from an enemy shell. He was unable to walk, and so was helped by his jamadar to climb the hill. However, he could not go on and was forced to stop.The other Nepalis continued to ascend the hill. The next day, Marga 19, 1871 B. Samvat, men sent by Balabhadra carried Ripumardana to Chamuwa. Kaji Ranadipa Simha Basnyat also had arrived at that place. On Marga 20, Kaji Rewanta Kunwar reached there Subedar Dalajit Kanwar were killed by enemy fire. Ultimately after 4 days of thirst, and a severe loss of troops, without surrendering, Capt. <mask> emerged from the fort with drawn kukris in his hands (along with other 70 survivors) and roared to the British – "You could have never won the battle but now I myself voluntarily abandon this fort. There is nothing inside the fort other than dead corpses of the children and women"!He and his remaining troops escaped into the


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 hills on November 30, 1814. A peace treaty was signed on Dec 2, 1815 between the then King Girvan Yuddha Vikram Shah and the British East India Company, known as the Sugauli Treaty. Under Maharaja Ranjit Singh

He did not lose his life during the Anglo-Nepalese war. After the war, he went to Lahore, capital of the Punjab where many Nepalis had gone, to join the two new regiments formed by the Sikh Maharajah Ranjit Singh of the Punjab, following the war with the British but a tradition formed prior to the war. Capt. <mask> Kunwar was appointed General and commander of the new "Goorkha" regiments consisting entirely of Gorkhali/Nepali troops. Those that had taken service under the Mughal Emperors were known as "Munglane" and was seen as very powerful.Under Hari Singh Nalwa and death

During the Sikh-Afghan war of 1879 B. Samvat (1822), the Nepalis in the Sikh Military had fought bravely, but was also in which Balabhadra <mask> was killed by Afghan artillery in Naushera, Peshawar region, Afghanistan on Chaitra 3 (March/April in the Roman calendar and is the last month in the Hindu Lunar calendar). Bhimsen Thapa had sent men to Lahore to collect information about this war and the death of his nephew. He was under the great and famed General Hari Singh Nalwa who honoured him during the battle. Hari Singh Nalwa continued the campaign and reached as far as Jamrud. Following the Anglo-Nepali War, the British East India Company erected a war memorial at Nalapani in honor of the Gorkhalis and Capt. <mask> <mask> (often referred to wrongly as Bulbuder Singh or Balbudder Thapa) praising their bravery. References

Books

External links

Gurkhas
Nepalese military personnel
People of the Anglo-Nepalese War
1789 births
1822 deaths
Year of birth unknown
Place of death missing
People of the Sikh Empire
National heroes of Nepal
People from Kavrepalanchok District
Nepalese military personnel killed in action
Nepalese Hindus
Khas

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<mask> (26 March 191223 July 1949), born <mask>, was an Australian painter. Born in Melbourne, <mask> studied at the Grosvenor School of Modern Art in London and under progressive art teacher George Bell in Melbourne. In his student years, <mask> emerged as a uniquely confident artist. He was the first modern artist in Australia to paint historical Australian subjects, including the explorers Burke and Wills, and was among the first Australian artists to have direct contact with the international Surrealist movement. He travelled throughout Europe in the late 1930s, painting many of his most celebrated works in Paris. In 1941, art critic Clive Turnbull identified <mask>, William Dobell, and <mask>'s close friend Russell Drysdale as "the three most significant Australian artists" of the era. However, <mask>'s artistic career was put on hold while he served in World War II, and later by illness.He died in 1949, leaving behind a small yet influential body of work. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born on 26 March 1912 in East Melbourne, the second child and only son of Victorian-born graziers William Purves <mask> and Loe Purves <mask>. The family's male line in Australia extends back to <mask>'s grandfather <mask> (1830–87), who emigrated from Darnick, Roxburghshire, in the Scottish Borders to the Colony of Victoria during the early days of the Victorian gold rush in 1854. Thomas rapidly prospered, establishing various businesses and acquiring farming properties and inner Melbourne mansions. William—although distant from Thomas—took to his father's alternating lifestyle of rural farming and leisured vacations in the city. By 1905, William had married Laura (Loe)

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Peter Purves Smith
Charles Roderick Purves Smith
Purves Smith
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Purves Smith
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Peter Purves
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Thomas Smith


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 Chapman and was wool-growing at Dwarroon, outside Warrnambool. They raised their children Alison (known as Jocelyn) and <mask> in various places throughout Victoria, never settling permanently in one place.<mask> <mask> attended a prep school in England and Geelong Grammar School in Australia, alongside future artist and friend Russell Drysdale. In order to please his father, <mask> entered the Royal Australian Naval College in 1926, but dropped out three years later to become a jackaroo near Hay by the Murrumbidgee River. <mask> <mask> committed suicide on Christmas Eve, 1932. Following his father's suicide, <mask> travelled extensively throughout Europe. In England, 1934, <mask> <mask>'s sister Jocelyn noticed his hobby of drawing, and suggested he attend an art school. He studied under Iain Macnab at Grosvenor School of Modern Art in 1935, and back in Australia under George Bell at the Bourke Street Studio School. There he met again old Geelong friend Russell Drysdale, and fellow Bell student Maisie Newbold, whom he married in 1946 at Toorak with Drysdale as best man.Drysdale, too, had been a jackaroo, and both artists worked closely together and influenced each other's art. Apart from his teachers and Drysdale, Amedeo Modigliani, Paul Nash, Henri Rousseau, Maurice Utrillo, Christopher Wood and surrealism impacted what would become Purves <mask>'s highly personal style. Student works

Work and travel

Throughout the late 1930s, <mask> <mask> painted in London and Paris, which critic Bernard William <mask> cites as his most important era. Not only did Purves <mask> paint his new physical surroundings (1939's Early Morning in Paris) and political environment (1938's The

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Purves
Smith
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William Purves
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 Nazis, Nuremberg), but also recalled works of the Australian landscape, namely Kangaroo Hunt (1938), which was included in the touring exhibition Art of Australia 1788-1941, and acquired by the Museum of Modern Art, New York. In 1939, art critic Gino Nibbi said "Purves <mask> seems one of the most qualified at the present time to give some allegorical interpretations of the virgin appearance of the Australian landscape". He painted a scene from the Burke and Wills expedition in 1937 (several years before Sidney Nolan began his Burke & Wills series), and the "pole-like trees, elongated figures, sheets of iron, and low horizons" of his early 1940 Drought landscapes anticipated "in more ways than one" the future direction of Drysdale's art. According to art historian Sasha Grishin, Purves <mask>'s "apocalyptic" depictions of Australia's desolate interior convey a fear of vast space, and employ a "recognizable Australian setting to express both personal, as well as broader social anxieties" in the lead up to war.World War II
Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939, and Britain, which had made an alliance with Poland in August, declared war. During this time, <mask> <mask> was vacationing in California with his mother; the outbreak of war caused him to make a detour to the Grand Canyon, about which he wrote to Maisie in a characteristically facetious tone: "If one is to die gloriously one might as well see a few things first". He returned to London in October and tried to enlist in the British army, but was told to wait. During the intervening months his state of mind became "paralytic" and he withdrew from social life. Maisie, now back in Melbourne, urged <mask> to return to

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 Australia. Despite missing Maisie and suffering from homesickness, he successfully joined up in May 1940. Purves <mask>'s first role in the army was to transport petrol and military supplies across the south of England.Life in the training camps was mentally numbing, and before each academic exam <mask> <mask> feared being given the bum's rush. In September 1941, having volunteered for a posting abroad, he went on active service in West Africa (then known by soldiers as the "white man's grave"). <mask> <mask> was a lieutenant stationed in Nigeria with the West African Forces' 11th General Transport Company. Not much is known about his time there as the postal censor checked mail from the front for military information. What remains of Purves <mask>'s letters describes the day-to-day aspects of life in the jungle, including dashes into the African wilds and his growing revulsion at body odour and the sight of sweat. Detailed histories of the West Africa Campaign indicate his company travelled along the Takoradi supply route, which was established in August 1940 as a means of bypassing Vichy French territories to reach upper Egypt. The route lasted until September 1943, coinciding with the end of Purves <mask>'s service in Africa.Much later, <mask> <mask> painted a memory of Chad in West Africa (1948, National Gallery of Victoria). In 1944, he was one of Major General Orde Wingate's "chindits" behind Japanese lines in Burma. Immediately after the war, he was hospitalised with tuberculosis. Return to Melbourne

In May 1946, he returned to Australia and also to painting with a far more abstract approach. Significant works from this period are The Pleading Butcher and Woman

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 Eating Duck, both painted in 1948 and now held at the National Gallery of Australia. Purves <mask>'s final oil painting was a landscape painted from the perspective of his home in Sassafras, in the Dandenong Ranges. It was an attempt to "paint like the old boys", a reference to early Australian colonial artists such as John Glover.Later works

Death and recognition
<mask> <mask> was hospitalised in 1948, and later drafted to the Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital for major lung surgery. He died of post-operative shock the next day, 23 July 1949, and was cremated. Despite his small oeuvre of less than 100 paintings and posthumous descent into relative obscurity, <mask> <mask> emerged as a celebrated artist—influencing many of his contemporaries—and has been recognised as "the first of the young modern artists to look inquiringly at the Australianness of country life". His use of surreal elements, colloquial themes and at times biting satire set precedent for the work of the Melbourne-based Angry Penguins in the mid to late 1940s. Two retrospective exhibitions were held in Melbourne: one at the Stanley Coe Gallery in 1950, and the other at the Joseph Brown Gallery in 1976. A touring exhibition of his work commenced in 2001 following the publication of Mary Eagle's biography <mask> <mask>: A Painter in Peace and War. George Bell wrote an obituary for him in The Sun, saying Purves <mask>

Following the death of Russell Drysdale's wife in 1963, Drysdale married Maisie <mask> <mask> in 1964.In March 2000, burglars stole two paintings by <mask> <mask> from Maisie's home in Woy Woy on the Central Coast, as well as a Drysdale painting which was given to Maisie as a gift soon after

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 <mask>'s death. The works were valued at $350,000. <mask> <mask>'s 1938 painting The Pond was the subject of an ekphrastic poem by scholar <mask> in the 2006 book The Whispering Gallery: Art into Poetry. In 2008, several of Purves <mask>'s works were included in the exhibition Australian Surrealism: the Agapitos/Wilson Collection, held at the National Gallery of Australia, and his major student work New York was shown in the 2008 Powerhouse Museum exhibition Modern Times. Purves <mask> is also represented in the National Gallery of Victoria's Joseph Brown Collection, a survey of Australian art from its colonial beginnings to contemporary times. Of the collection, former Christie's director of art sales Jon Dwyer said "There are many iconic pictures, including von Guerards, some great Streetons and McCubbins - and arguably the best work <mask> <mask> ever painted, which is my favourite." Lucile, Purves <mask>'s 1937 portrait of Melbourne socialite Lucile Stephens (daughter of Henry Douglas Stephens), was acquired in 2011 by the Queensland Art Gallery through its Foundation Appeal, and is deemed by the gallery to be a collection highlight.Gallery

Notes

References
 Eagle, Mary; Minchin, Jan. The George Bell School: Students, Friends, Influences. Deutscher Art, 1981. .
 Eagle, Mary. <mask> <mask>: a Painter in Peace and War. Beagle Press, 2000. .
 Moore, Felicity St. John. Classical Modernism: the George Bell Circle. National Gallery of Victoria, 1992. .External links

<mask> <mask> - Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
<mask> <mask> - Mother and Child (1939) at Christie's
Portrait of <mask>urves <mask> by Archibald Douglas Colquhoun at the State Library of

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Peter Steele
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 Victoria
Papers on the career of <mask> <mask> at the National Library of Australia

1912 births
1949 deaths
People educated at Geelong Grammar School
Australian people of Scottish descent
Australian painters
Modern painters
Australian surrealist artists
British Army personnel of World War II
20th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Artists from Melbourne
Alumni of the Grosvenor School of Modern Art
British Army officers
Tuberculosis deaths in

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Peter Pves
Smith