texts:
 Broadway-style revues. The Maravillas went on for another ten years. Their swan song, released in 1957, was "Chanchullo", composed by <mask> himself, who organized the session. The song became a hit in the United States as the basis for Tito Puente's "Oye cómo va", although Puente denied copying <mask>'s composition. Descargas at Panart studios

One day in 1957, <mask> gathered a group of musicians in the early hours of the morning (from 4 to 9 AM), energized from playing gigs at Havana's popular nightclubs, to jam in front of the mics of a recording studio.The resulting descargas, known to music aficionados worldwide as Cuban jam sessions, revolutionized Afro-Cuban popular music. Under <mask>'s direction, these masters improvised freely in the manner of jazz, but their vocabulary was Cuba's popular music. These descargas were released in 1957 by the Panart label under the title Cuban Jam Sessions in Miniature, which followed the longer descargas by Julio Gutiérrez (Cuban Jam Sessions Vol. 1 and 2), released also by Panart. They have been named by many critics as one of the most essential Cuban records of the 1950s, including being cited by the book 1000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die. Between 1957 and 1959 he recorded many more descargas at Panart studios. These recordings were released in the following years by Kubaney and Maype, and re-released by EGREM.He also recorded descargas with Tojo's orchestra and Chico O'Farrill's All-Stars Cubano amongst other

masks: Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao


type: original

texts:
 ensembles. He worked alongside Peruchín, Tata Güines and Alejandro "El Negro" Vivar. Exile
In 1958, at the height of the Cuban Revolution, <mask>'s wife left Cuba for New Jersey, and in 1962, three years into Fidel Castro's communist regime, Cachao crossed the Atlantic on a ship along with 13 other musicians. After 21 days, they reached the Canary Islands. <mask> settled in Madrid, where he joined Ernesto Duarte as a member of his orchestra, Orquesta Sabor Cubano. In Madrid, <mask> also performed with other artists such as Pérez Prado. One year later, in 1963, <mask> reunited with his wife in New York, where he played with Charlie Palmieri, José Fajardo, Tito Rodríguez, Tito Puente and Machito, among others.<mask> was one of the most in-demand bassists in New York, along with Alfonso "El Panameño" Joseph and Bobby "Big Daddy" Rodríguez. Joseph and <mask> substituted for each other over a span of five years, performing at nightclubs and venues such as the Palladium Ballroom, the Roseland, the Birdland, Havana San Juan and Havana Madrid. While <mask> was performing with Machito's orchestra in New York, Joseph was recording and performing with Cuban conga player Cándido Camero. When Joseph left Cándido's band to work with Charlie Rodríguez and Johnny Pacheco, it was <mask> who took his place in Cándido's band. After a decade in New York, <mask> moved to Las Vegas, where he played in Pupi Campo's band at the casinos and as a pianist at a piano bar. In 1977, <mask>

masks: Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao


texts:
 recorded with drummers Louis Bellson and Walfredo de los Reyes the experimental album Ecué, where he played piano on the title track. Most significantly, he was brought back into the recording studio by musicologist René López to record two albums as a leader (Cachao y su Descarga 77 and Dos), his first in 15 years.These LPs constituted a sort of "rediscovery" of Cachao for the incipient salsa scene in New York. Nonetheless, <mask> returned to Las Vegas and in 1980 moved to Miami, where he played at events such as baptisms, comuniones, quinceañeras and weddings. Despite his lower profile, <mask> recorded several albums with pianist Paquito Hechevarría for the Tania record label, including one as a leader in 1986, Maestro de Maestros: Cachao y su Descarga '86. Late career

In 1989, actor Andy García contacted <mask> at the San Francisco Jazz Festival, where he was playing with John Santos and Carlos Santana. García asked him if he would be interested in a tribute concert and documentary film being made in his honor, which Cachao proudly accepted. The concert took place in Miami on July 31, 1992, and it was the centerpiece of the four-day 16 mm shoot that yielded Cachao... como su ritmo no hay dos, García's film, released the following year. The success of the concert and film spurred the recording of two new albums, Master Sessions Vol.1 (1994) and Vol. 2 (1995), as well as international tours. This led to a second "rediscovery" of <mask>, as well as numerous


texts:
 accolades, including several Grammy and Hall of Fame awards. As a leader, <mask> recorded two more albums to critical acclaim, Cuba linda (2000) and Ahora sí (2004). In 2000, he recorded with Bebo Valdés for Fernando Trueba's concert film Calle 54 and for the album El arte del sabor. He made his last studio recordings as a sideman for Gloria Estefan on 90 Millas (2007). His last concert took place in Miami in September 2007 and was released as a posthumous live album, The Last Mambo, by Sony Music in 2011.In February 2008, <mask> signed a contract with Penguin Books to write a book about his life, which never materialized due to his passing one month later. At the time, <mask> was preparing to record another album and had eight concerts in Europe scheduled for 2008. <mask> died on the morning of March 22, 2008, in Coral Gables, Florida, at the age of 89. He died from complications resulting from kidney failure. On March 26 and 27, a public open-casket funeral, led by Alberto Cutié, was held at St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church in Miami. On March 27, he was buried at Vista Memorial Gardens in Miami Lakes. Family
<mask> was part of a large musical family which at one time had "35 bassists" across multiple generations, although many played other instruments as well.<mask>'s older brother, Orestes, played 12 instruments, including bass, cello, harp and piano, and <mask> himself played bass, piano, bongos, tres and trumpet. His sister Coralia was also a

masks:
Cachao
Cachao
Cachao
Death Cachao
Cachao
Cachao
Cachao


texts:
 bassist and bandleader, but is perhaps best known as a songwriter for her danzón "Isora Club", a standard of the genre. Orestes' son, Orlando, was nicknamed Cachaíto after his uncle <mask>. He was a prolific bassist as well and one of the mainstays of the famed Buena Vista Social Club group, named after one of Cachao's danzones, "Social Club Buenavista". In 2001, Cachaíto recorded his only album as a leader, featuring two songs composed by Cachao. <mask> was married to Ester Buenaventura from 1946 until her death in May 2005. They were survived by their only daughter, María Elena.Awards and recognition

Honors
In 1994, <mask> was inducted into [[Billboard Latin Music Hall of Fame|Billboards Latin Music Hall of Fame]]. He was a recipient of a 1995 National Heritage Fellowship awarded by the National Endowment for the Arts, which is the highest honor in the folk and traditional arts in the United States. In 1999, <mask> was inducted into the International Latin Music Hall of Fame. He also received a Lifetime Achievement Award a year later. In 2003, <mask> was awarded the 2,219th star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. On June 11, 2006, he was honored by Union City, New Jersey with a star on the Walk of Fame at Union City's Celia Cruz Park. On November 7, 2006, <mask> received an Honorary Doctorate of Music from Berklee College of Music during Berklee's Latin Culture Celebration.At the time of his death, the University of New Haven had also decided to award an

masks: Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao


texts:
 Honorary Doctorate to <mask>. Grammy Awards
<mask> has won several Grammy Awards for both his own work and his contributions on albums by Latin music stars, including Gloria Estefan. In 1994, he won a Grammy for Master Sessions Volume 1. In 2003, he won a Latin Grammy for Best Traditional Tropical Latin Album together with Bebo Valdés and Carlos "Patato" Valdés for El arte del sabor. <mask> won a further Grammy in 2005 for his album ¡Ahora Sí!. In 2012, his posthumous live album The Last Mambo won the Grammy Award in the Best Tropical Latin album category. Tributes
<mask> has received numerous tributes in the form of dedicated concerts, compositions and recordings from other musicians.The first notable tribute concert to <mask> was organized by musicologist René López and held at Avery Fisher Hall in New York City in 1976. Although the event gathered many of the major exponents of Afro-Cuban music in the country, it received little attention from the press. In 1987, a tribute concert was held at the Hunter College auditorium in New York City in honor of <mask>. The ensemble was directed by pianist Charlie Palmieri and featured Alfredo "Chocolate" Armenteros, Orlando "Puntilla" Ríos, Pupi Legarreta, Tito Puente, as well as <mask> himself. In 1993, the Puerto Rican salsa supergroup Descarga Boricua recorded the track "Homenaje a Cachao" for the album ¡Esta sí va!, while pianist Hilario Durán recorded a different piece with the same name for his 2001 album Havana

masks: Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao


texts: Remembered. Bebo Valdés composed and recorded the piece "Cachao, creador del mambo" in 2004, and re-recorded a segment of the song for the film Chico & Rita in 2010. In November 2005, a tribute performance dedicated to Cachao took place during the 6th Annual Latin Grammy Awards.It was presented by Andy García and featured Bebo Valdés, Generoso Jiménez, Arturo Sandoval, Johnny Pacheco, as well <mask> himself. In February 2008, Paquito D'Rivera premiered Conversaciones con Cachao, a symphonic suite dedicated to Cachao, during the Festival de Música de Canarias (Canary Islands Music Festival). The orchestra was directed by Pablo Zinger. A month after <mask>'s death, a second documentary film by Andy García was released; Cachao: Uno más premiered in April 2008 at the San Francisco International Film Festival. The inspiration for Cachao: Uno más, made by San Francisco State University's DOC Film Institute, came largely from a concert Cachao played at Bimbo's 365 Club in San Francisco in 2005. The film's premiere was followed by a tribute concert with the John Santos Band at Yoshi's Jazz Club SF. After <mask>'s death, his backing band continued to perform as <mask>'s Mambo All-Stars and they recorded an album in his honour, Como siempre.On March 15, 2019, a concert titled Mambo: 100 Years of the Master - Cachao was held in Miami, 100 years after <mask>'s birth. It featured 97-year-old Cándido Camero and 89-year-old Juanito Márquez, among others. The latter arranged

masks: Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao Cachao


texts:
 some of the songs <mask> was preparing to record in 2008 at the time of his passing, which were performed for the first time 11 years later at the concert. Discography

As leader

1957: Cuban Jam Sessions in Miniature "Descargas" (Panart)
1958: Con el ritmo de Cachao (Duarte/Kubaney), reissued as Camina Juan Pescao (Duher, 1974)
1959: El gran Cachao (Duarte/Kubaney), reissued as Cachao y su Típica Vol. 1 / Cachao en España Pt. 2 (Duque)

As sidemanWith All-Stars CubanoDescarga número uno / Descarga número dos (Gema, 1957)With Arcaño y sus MaravillasEl que sabe, sabe / Chanchullo (Gema, 1957)With Joe CainLatin Explosion (Time, 1964)With Charanga CaribeVol. II (Caney, 1980)With Conjunto YumuríLa paella (Caney, 1980)
Estampas de mi tierra (Caney, 1981)With KakoTributo a Noro (Alegre, 1964)With Chano Montes y su ConjuntoRecuerdan a Chappottín (Caney, 1982)With Carlos MontielDistinto y diferente (Discos Suyo)With Orquesta OrientalCon sasón!(Caney, 1980)With Patato & ToticoPatato y Totico (Verve, 1967)With Eddie PalmieriChampagne (Tico, 1968)With Tito RodríguezTito Tito Tito (Westside, 1964)With The Salsa All StarsThe Salsa All Stars (Salsa, 1968)With Bebo Valdés'''El arte del sabor (Blue Note, 2001)

FilmographyCachao... como su ritmo no hay dos (1993)Cachao: Uno más (2008)

References

 External links

<mask>, Rate Your Music. Cachao, Discogs''. Interview from The Miami Herald
Cuba's Cachao is king of Tumbao
Cachao gets star on Walk of Fame
"Cachao: Uno

masks: Cachao Cachao


texts:
 Más"

Cuban bassists
Cuban composers
Cuban bandleaders
Cuban charanga musicians
Danzón musicians
Danzón composers
Mambo musicians
Grammy Award winners
Latin Grammy Award winners
1918 births
2008 deaths
Deaths from kidney failure
People from Havana
Cuban emigrants to the United States
Musicians from Miami
20th-century American musicians
Latin music composers
National Heritage Fellowship


texts:
<mask> (10 December 1921 – 1 April 2008) was a World War II veteran, environmentalist, and Native rights activist. She served with the Women's Army Corps and received a Bronze Star Medal for her service as a Corporal in the New Guinea campaign. She attended the University of Tennessee at Knoxville and the Antioch School of Law, and went on to become a tribal district court judge. In 1999, she received a Nuclear-Free Future Award for her opposition to storing toxic and radioactive waste on indigenous land. Her father was well-known American football player and Olympic athlete <mask>. The <mask><mask> Collection is held by the National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center. Personal life
<mask> was born on December 10, 1921, to parents James (Jim<mask> (Sac and Fox) and Iva Margaret Miller.Her tribal heritage included Potawatomi, Kickapoo, Sac and Fox, and Menominee ancestry, and she was a direct descendant of Sac and Fox chief Black Hawk. She was born in Yale, Oklahoma in the only house her father ever owned. Now a museum, it is fondly known as the “<mask> House” and can be visited by tourists year round. <mask> was the youngest of four; her oldest sister Gail Margaret was born in 1917, her brother James in 1918, and her sister Charlotte Marie in 1919. Her brother James died from polio before reaching adolescence. By the time of <mask>'s birth, her father, <mask>, was already an Olympic medalist. When Iva and Jim divorced in 1923, Jim moved to California to pursue film, while Iva took Charlotte, Gail, and <mask> to Chicago.<mask> lived with both parents for several years before finishing high school. Jim married two more times in his lifetime, giving <mask> four half-brothers, with whom she had little interaction. <mask> remained close with her father, however, and visited him frequently as he moved around the

masks:
Grace Thorpe
Jim Thorpe
Grace F
. Thorpe
Grace Frances Thorpe
) Francis Thorpe
Jim Thorpe
Grace
Grace
Jim Thorpe
Grace
Grace
Grace
Grace


texts:
 country. <mask> wanted to travel and serve her country during World War II. Though she had envisioned herself in places like Paris or Athens, she was assigned to serve as a corporal in the Philippines, Japan, and New Guinea from 1944-1945. Following an Honorable Discharge in 1945, she remained in Japan. She began work in Japan at General MacArthur Headquarters as Chief of the Recruitment Section, Department of Army Civilians, Tokyo.In June 1946, she married Lieutenant Fred W. Seely (1918-2008). Together they had two children, Dagmar <mask> (1946) and <mask> (1948-1964), both born in Japan. In 1950, <mask> and her children left Japan and returned to the United States to live in Pearl River, New York, near her father's home. In 1967, <mask> moved to Arizona and began to focus on her activism. <mask> <mask> died on April 1, 2008 from complications following a heart attack. She is remembered for her military, legal, and activist legacy. Military career
In 1943, <mask> enlisted in the military and joined the Women's Army Corps (WAC).After attending training and graduating from the WAAC Training Center in Ft. Oglethorpe, Georgia, <mask> was elevated to the rank of Corporal. She served as a Recruiter for the Women's Army Corps in Tucson and Camp White in Oregon until she was assigned to the New Guinea campaign. She was subsequently stationed in the Philippines and Japan. She was later awarded a Bronze Star for her service in the battle of New Guinea. Native Rights Activism

Alcatraz Occupation
In late 1969 and 1970, <mask> joined a group of Native activists in their occupation of Alcatraz Island off the coast of San Francisco. This occupation called national attention to a long history of Native grievances that the activists felt the federal government was too slow in addressing. This occupation represented a watershed moment

masks:
Grace
Thorpe
Paul Thorpe
Grace
Grace
Grace Frances
Thorpe
Thorpe
Thorpe
Grace Thorpe


texts:
 for Native activism.<mask> recalled in a radio interview, “Alcatraz was the catalyst and the most important event in the Indian movement to date. It made me put my furniture into storage and spend my life savings.” During the occupation she managed publicity for the group and acted as a negotiator between the activists and the federal government. She successfully secured a generator, water barge, and ambulance service for the group. After Alcatraz, <mask> remained involved in agitation for Native rights, participating in further occupations of Fort Lawton, Washington in March 1970 and Nike Missile Base near Davis, California in November 1970. National Congress of American Indians
After her participation in the occupations of 1969 and 1970, <mask> went on to be a lobbyist on behalf of the National Congress of American Indians, working especially to further economic opportunities for Native families on reservations by pushing factories to locate on Native land. She had a special focus on training Native workers for factory jobs, saying in 1971 that there was “no reason we can’t train our own people where some factories have training schools for the Indians. Let Indians train Indians.”

National Indian Women's Action Corps
In 1971 <mask> cofounded the National Indian Women's Action Corps, a group that focused on empowering Native women and strengthening indigenous family units.She told a journalist in March 1971, “We Indian women decided to start beating the drum for ourselves… We want all Indian women who want to be active to join us in finding solutions to our problems.” The group's focus on family units derived in part from the history of the American government removing Native children from their families and sending them to live in white households or in boarding schools. Work in United States Congress
During the

masks: Thorpe Thorpe Thorpe Thorpe


texts:
 mid-1970s <mask> represented Native interests in her interactions with the United States Congress. In 1974 she worked as a legislative assistant in the Senate Subcommittee for Indian Affairs. She then became a member of the American Indian Policy Review Board, working in Communications and Public Information. The Policy Review Board was created to improve congressional policy creation and implementation regarding indigenous groups and existed from 1975 to 1977. Legal career
<mask> earned a paralegal degree from Antioch School of Law in 1974 and earned her bachelor's degree in American Indian Law at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, in 1980. She also worked as a part-time district court judge for the Five Tribes of Oklahoma.Environmental Activism
<mask>'s environmental activism began in 1992 when she learned from a Daily Oklahoman article that her Sac and Fox tribe had accepted a federal grant to study the placement of radioactive waste on tribal land. The Department of Energy’s Monitored Retrievable Storage (MRS) program was offering $100,000 to study the possibility of temporarily storing used nuclear rods on tribal land before moving them to permanent storage on government land. The Sac and Fox, as well as sixteen other Native American tribes, accepted the grant, believing that the money would come without strings attached and would help alleviate their high unemployment. <mask> researched nuclear waste and its hazards, as well as the details of the funding, most of which in fact went to lawyers and consultants. She started working to convince her tribe to withdraw from the program, and went through the process outlined in the Sac and Fox constitution to reverse the decision of the elected tribal leaders; she gathered signatures of 50 tribe members on a petition calling for a special meeting, and at that

masks:
Grace Thorpe
Thorpe
Thorpe
Thorpe


texts:
 meeting on February 29, 1992, 70 out of 75 members present voted to withdraw from the MRS program. The only five in favor were the five elected officials. The Sac and Fox were the first tribe to withdraw from the MRS program.<mask> continued her fight against what she called "environmental racism." She helped found the National Environmental Coalition of Native Americans (NECONA) in 1993 and served as its president, traveling around the country and working to educate tribes about the dangers of storing nuclear waste and persuade them to refuse the MRS. Part of this work also involved persuading tribe leaders to rewrite their constitutions and revert their government to democracy rather than elected tribal councils, which were established under the Bureau of Indian Affairs in 1934 and were more susceptible to government pressure. Also in 1993, NECONA joined forces with Nuclear Free America, an international clearinghouse for information about Nuclear Free Zones. Together they created the Nuclear Free Indian Lands Project, which urged tribal governments to pass Nuclear Free Zone laws banning the dumping of nuclear waste and transportation of nuclear residue through tribal lands. Within three years of learning of the MRS, <mask> had persuaded 15 out of the 17 tribes that had initially accepted the grant to withdraw, including all 11 tribes in her home state of Oklahoma. In 1999, she received a Nuclear-Free Future Award for this work. See also
 Private Fuel Storage

References

American environmentalists
American women environmentalists
Women's Army Corps soldiers
Native American activists
Native American environmentalists
Native American women in warfare
1921 births
2008 deaths
University of Tennessee alumni
20th-century American people
20th-century Native American women
20th-century Native Americans
21st-century Native

masks: Thorpe Thorpe


texts:
<mask> (January 2, 1928 – December 10, 2017) was president, and later CEO, of Atari Inc. from 1978 to 1983. He had previously been executive vice-president of Burlington Industries, the world's largest  textile company at the time, and president of its Burlington House division. Career
<mask> began working for Burlington Industries in 1948. He later became the executive vice-president of Burlington Industries, the world's largest textile company at the time, and president of its Burlington House division. A member of the Board of Directors, Kassar had spent 26 years at Burlington. He left the company to start his own textile company that manufactured cotton shirts in Egypt and marketed them under the "Kassar" label. <mask>r was hired in February 1978 as president of Atari's consumer division by Warner Communications, who at the time owned Atari.By this time, rifts had begun to develop between the original Atari Inc. staff (most of whom had engineering backgrounds) and the new hires brought in by Warner (who, like Kassar, mostly had business backgrounds). In November 1978, when Atari Inc. co-founder Nolan Bushnell was fired after a dispute with Warner over the future of Atari Inc., Kassar became CEO. Kassar's twenty-five years at Burlington Industries had given him a taste for order, organization, and efficiency and his efforts to revamp Atari along similar lines provoked substantial animosity. Atari Inc. began to promote games all year around instead of just at the Christmas season. Kassar became unaffectionately known to many at Atari Inc. as the "sock king" and the "towel czar" (due to his

masks:
Raymond Edward Kassar
Ray Kassar
Ray Kassa


texts: previous years in the textile industry) after he once referred to Atari programmers as "high-strung prima donnas" in an interview with the San Jose Mercury News in 1979. During the Kassar years, Atari Inc.'s sales grew from $75 million in 1977 to over $2.2 billion just three years later. Though Atari enjoyed some of its greatest success during this period, the stifling atmosphere and lack of royalties or recognition to the individual game designers angered employees, many of whom quit.During this period, nearly all members of the original Atari Inc. staff, including Al Alcorn, quit or were fired. Atari Inc.'s upper management also suffered severe turnover rates. Many blamed <mask>r's autocratic management style, but Kassar was not held accountable. One of the most notable turnovers was when four programmers were unsatisfied with their paychecks. They felt they were making a very paltry salary for someone who actually designed the games that made the company millions of dollars. They wanted a small commission, but when they asked Kassar about that, David Crane recalls that Kassar responded, "You are no more important to that game than the guy on the assembly line who puts it together." Crane and three others resigned from Atari and formed their own company: Activision, which became the first ever third party developer.In 1981, the highly popular and successful game Yars' Revenge was released for the Atari 2600. Howard Scott Warshaw, the game's designer, got the names "Yar" and "Razak" by jokingly spelling "<mask>r" backwards. Warshaw claimed that the game was "<mask>'s revenge on Activision". In

masks:
Ray Kassa
Ray Kassa
Ray


texts: 1982, Kassar donated a sum of money to Brown University, his alma mater. In recognition, the university named a university building the "Edward W. Kassar House" after his father. The Kassar House is currently home to the university's mathematics department. Contrary to popular belief, Kassar was not responsible for the deal to make the E.T.the Extra-Terrestrial game from the blockbuster movie. Steve Ross, CEO of Atari's parent company Warner Communications, was the one who was in talks with Steven Spielberg and Universal Pictures. Kassar's response to Ross' query of how he liked the idea of making an E.T. based video game was, "I think it's a dumb idea. We've never really made an action game out of a movie." Ultimately though, the decision was not Kassar's to make and it went through, and it was reported that Atari Inc. had paid US$20–25 million for the rights—an abnormally high figure for video game licensing at the time. The game was not only poorly received and sold poorly, but demand had been widely overestimated.In July 1983, Kassar was fired due to continuing massive losses at Atari. In December 1982, Kassar had sold 5,000 shares of stock in Warner Communications only 23 minutes before a much lower than expected fourth quarter earnings report would cause Warner stock to drop nearly 40% in value in the following days. The Securities and Exchange Commission accused Kassar and then Atari Inc. vice-president Dennis Groth of trading stock with illegal insider knowledge. Kassar settled, returning his profits without acknowledging guilt or innocence. The shares that Kassar sold actually


texts:
 constituted only a small amount of his total holdings in the company, and the SEC later cleared him of any wrongdoing. Upon <mask>'s resignation, James J. Morgan, formerly of Philip Morris, replaced him as CEO of Atari Inc. in September 1983. He was a collector and private investor and sat on the Board of the American Hospital of Paris Foundation.From December 2, 2000 until February 11, 2001 a series of photographs culled from Kassar's significant personal collection were on display at the Santa Barbara Museum of Art. The exhibition, entitled "Painterly Photographs: The <mask> E. Kassar Collection", presented 33 works made for exhibition from 1900 to 1910, featuring some of the most important camera artists of the time, including Alfred Stieglitz, Edward Steichen, Heinrich Kuehn, George Seeley and Clarence H. White. Portions of the collection have been lent on only two other occasions, in 1994 to the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles and in 2012 to the Neue Galerie New York. References

 The Ultimate History of Video Games: From Pong to Pokémon--The story Behind the Craze That Touched Our Lives and Changed the World, by Steven L. Kent (2001)
 High Score! : The Illustrated History of Electronic Games, by Rusel DeMaria, Johnny L. Wilson (2003)

External links
 Book about the Lucasfilm Computer Division (DROIDMAKER: George Lucas and the Digital Revolution) has a detailed chapter on Atari and Kassar. Ray Kassar and Space Invaders
 Info on the Kassar House
 Painterly Photographs: The <mask> E. Kassar Collection

1928 births
2017 deaths
Atari people
American technology chief executives
Brown

masks:
Ray Kassar
Raymond
Raymond


texts:
<mask> (23 March 1623 – 16 March 1704) was the sixth son (the third son by his father's third marriage) of the English Puritan colonist <mask>, a founder and the 2nd, 6th, 9th and 12th Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. His mother was Margaret Tyndal. He was named after his mother's half-brother, Sir <mask>. He outlived all of his full and half-siblings. There is no known portrait of him. <mask> was born in the village of Groton in Suffolk, England. At the age of 12, he departed London, England with his older brother <mask> the Younger, age 29, on the ship the Abigail in July 1635.He later settled and farmed in an area of the Town of Boston known as Pullen Point (Pulling Point), part of the area known to the native Massachusett tribe as Winnisimmet, which is today the Town of Winthrop, Massachusetts. Plantation of Groton

In the 1650s, he was involved in the project of settlement in the Nashoba Valley that became known as the Plantation of Groton (1655), named in honor of his birthplace where his father, <mask>, was Lord of the Manor. The area of the Plantation today comprises the Massachusetts towns of Groton, Ayer, almost all of Pepperell and Shirley, large parts of Dunstable, Littleton, and Tyngsborough plus smaller parts of Harvard and Westford, as well as Nashua, New Hampshire and Hollis, New Hampshire. Deane served as one of the original selectmen of the settlement, but his permanent residence was always Pullen Point. Deane Winthrop House

The Deane Winthrop House located in what is now Winthrop, Massachusetts is the site of Deane's first house. The land of the site was first granted in 1637 to Captain William

masks:
Deane Winthrop
John Winthrop
John Deane
Deane
John Winthrop
John Winthrop


texts:
 Pierce (1595–1641), a renowned mariner and slave trader. Pierce (also spelled Peirce, Pearce, Pearse, etc.in various records) built a house on his land sometime after 1638. Deane acquired the house with its farm in 1647. He later rebuilt most of the house in 1675. This house is still intact and is maintained as a both a single family home and a museum. It is one of the oldest extent wood frame houses in the country. It is also the oldest continuously inhabited house in the United States. Personal life

Like most settlers in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Deane was a Puritan Christian who dissented from certain practices retained by the Church of England.At the age of 25, he married Sarah Glover (1629–1684), daughter of the Rev. Jose Glover, and sister of his brother <mask>'s wife in 1648. They had nine children together: <mask> (b. 15 June 1651, died in infancy); <mask>, again, (b. 6 Sept. 1653, died young); John (b. 1655, died young); Sarah (b. 11 February 1657); Margaret (b.25 July 1660) who married Jotham Grover and had children; Elizabeth (b. 9 July  1663) who married Captain Samuel Kent and had children; Jose (b. 3 May 1666., d. 15 November 1702, aged 36, no children); Priscilla (b. 1 May 1669) who married Eliab Adams and had children; Mercy (b. 18 January 1673) who married Atherton Hough on 11 January 1700 and had children. Deane's first wife, Sarah, died in 1684 at the age of about 55. In the same year, at the age of 61, he married Martha Mellows (1625–1716), aged 59.She was the widow of Captain John Mellows (or Mellhouse) of Boston. Deane also owned three slaves of African origin. They are mentioned by name in his

masks:
Adam Winthrop
Deane
Deane


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 will of 1702 as: Marrear, Primas, and a child named Robbin. Deane died on 16 March 1704 just a week before his 81st birthday in Pullen Point. He was buried on 20 March in the Rumney Marsh Burying Ground which is located in what is today Revere, Massachusetts and is still maintained. Samuel Sewall (1652–1730) attended the funeral. Sewall was a prominent judge, businessman, and printer in Massachusetts Bay Colony.He is notorious for his involvement in the Salem Witch Trials of 1692–1693 (for which he later apologized). He provides this account of <mask> <mask>'s burial in his diary:

"March 16, 1703/4 Mr <mask> <mask>, of Pulling Point, dies upon his Birthday, just about the Breaking of it. He was Taken at eight aclock the evening before, as he sat in his chair, sunk first, being set up, he vomited, complained of his head, which were almost his last words. Hardly spake anything after his being in bed. 81 years old. He is the last of Govr <mask>'s children... statione novissimus exit. March 20. is buried at Pulling Point by his son and three Daughters.[Pall] Bearers [were] Russel, Cooke; Hutchinson, Sewall; Townsend, Paige. From the House of Hasey. Scutcheons on the Pall. I help'd lower the Corps into the Grave. Madam Paige went in her Coach. Majr. Genl.and Capt. <mask> had Scarvs, and led the widow. Very pleasant day; went by Winnisimmet." Sewall quotes a Latin phrase from Ovid in his Metamorphoses 2.115 " ...statione novissimus exit." This translates as "he, last of all, leaves his station." The "he" in Ovid's poem refers to the Morning Star (Venus) disappearing at dawn. This is an allusion to Deane as the last child of

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Deane
Winthrop
Deane
Winthrop
Winthrop
Adam Winthrop


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 <mask> to die.There were six pall bearers (in pairs on either side of the casket) mentioned by surname. The "scutcheons" mentioned on the funeral pall over the casket refer to his coat of arms inherited from his father (see entry below). <mask>'s "son" that Sewall refers to may have been <mask>'s stepson, a son of Martha and her first husband, as none of Deane's biological sons survived childhood except Jose. Jose however died two years before Dean not having fathered children. <mask>'s descendants survive only in the female line. His widow and second wife, Martha, died just under 12 years later in Boston on 22 January 1716, aged 90. Coat of arms

<mask> <mask> used the same coat of arms as his father <mask> as displayed here.These arms appear today on the Deane Winthrop House and are also used as the coat of arms for Winthrop House at Harvard University. The heraldic blazon of arms is: Argent three chevronels Gules overall a lion rampant Sable. Name of the Town of Winthrop

The Town of Winthrop, Massachusetts was incorporated in 1852 after separating from what was then known as North Chelsea and is today known as  Revere, Massachusetts. It is a long-standing and understandable myth that the town was named in honor of <mask> <mask>, who resided in what is now the town for his entire adult life. However, while his presence in what is now the Town of Winthrop may have influenced its naming when it incorporated, the town is in fact named after his far more famous father, <mask>, as the town's website also confirms. References

1623 births
1704 deaths
People from colonial Boston
People from Babergh
Winthrop,

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John Winthrop
Deane
Deane
Deane
Deane
Winthrop
John Winthrop
Deane
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John Winthrop


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<mask> (22 October 1876 – 1 April 1966) was a German Catholic theologian, known for his work in the fields of ecclesiology and Christology. He spent most of his academic career at the University of Tübingen, where he published work influenced by Lebensphilosophie and German Romanticism including The Spirit of Catholicism (1924), which argued for an understanding of the church as a community and for a revitalisation of Christian faith. Following Adolf Hitler's rise to power in 1933, <mask> sought rapprochement between the Nazi regime and the German Catholic Church. In pursuit of this aim, he published work during the Nazi era that sought to reconcile aspects of Catholic and nationalist thought, defended Nazi anti-Jewish legislation and expressed anti-Semitic sentiments. His later work included The Christ of Faith (1954), a collection of lectures on Christology. Life and career

Early life and education
<mask> was born in , near Regensburg in the Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, on 22 October 1876. He had a brother, <mask>, who would also become a priest and would later in life become a critic of the Nazi regime.Soon after being ordained a priest of the Diocese of Regensburg in 1900, he matriculated at the University of Munich, studying historical and systematic theology. He worked on the Latin Fathers in Munich and received his doctorate in 1904, submitting a thesis on the ecclesiology of Tertullian, and received his habilitation in 1908, completing a Habilitationsschrift on the Eucharistic theology of Augustine. In this period <mask>'s thought was influenced by Ignaz von Dollinger, Albert Ehrhard and Joseph Schnitzer. Early career
<mask> taught from 1908 until 1917 at the Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich and was a tutor to the sons of Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria. In 1910 he published an article critical of Pius X's requirement that priests take the oath against modernism, which he described as "the official death notice regarding all Catholic scholarship" in Germany. This led to an investigation by the Holy Office, which ended when Crown Prince Rupprecht intervened on

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Karl Adam
Adam
Karl Adam
August Adam
Adam
Adam


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 <mask>'s behalf. In 1917 he completed monographs on Pope Callixtus I's instruction on penance and on Augustine's account of forgiveness of sins.In the same year he began teaching at the University of Strasbourg, but was required to leave Strasbourg the following year due to a provision of the Treaty of Versailles which prohibited Germans from holding positions in the French civil service. He then moved to the University of Tübingen, where he took up a professorship in systematic theology. His work in the years from 1900 to 1918 focused on historical theology. From 1919 <mask>'s work dealt predominantly with systematic theology. In these years he advocated ecumenism and criticised structures and hierarchies in the church that he saw as outmoded. Upon taking the position at Tübingen in 1919 he publicly declared his intention to continue the tradition of the Tübingen school, which emphasised scholarly dialogue between Catholic and Protestant theologians. He would remain at Tübingen for three decades, where his work focused on the critique of the church, the critique of modernity, and the development of a contemporary theology.In this period he also drew on the tradition of Lebensphilosophie, a school of thought rooted in German Romanticism that emphasised the interconnectedness of life. This aspect of his work, along with his use of the German language rather than Latin and his emphasis on the humanity of Jesus, once again drew scrutiny from the Holy Office, and his book The Spirit of Catholicism (1924) was threatened with placement on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum in 1932. Eventually, however, he was informed that neither The Spirit of Catholicism nor Christ Our Brother (1927) or The Son of God (1933) would be condemned provided he made certain revisions to the texts, which he did in 1933. Nazi era
<mask> was one of several German Catholic theologians who sought rapprochement between the church and Nazi Germany after Adolf Hitler's rise to power. He saw his role as that of a mediator between the church and the Nazi regime, and envisioned a new relationship between the

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 church and state in which the church would exert a greater influence as part of a corporatist or communitarian system. While other Catholic theologians at Tübingen did not publicly oppose the Nazi regime, <mask> was unusual in publicly seeking to mediate between the church and the regime. Nonetheless, he never became a member of the Nazi Party.Early 1930s
In his 1933 essay "German Nationality and Catholic Christianity" ("Deutsches Volkstum und katholisches Christentum") <mask> argued that the German nation should be primarily the domain of Christians of German heritage, rather than being a pluralistic, secular society. The essay examined the relationship between Catholicism and the "German race" in terms of the relationship between nature and grace. Building on an argument made by <mask>, <mask> argued that Protestantism demands the separation of church and state because it sees nature and grace as opposed, whereas in Catholicism nature and grace are intertwined, and thus so must be the church and state. In this model the state would oversee the natural order while the church would have primacy in matters supernatural. The essay argued that the church is capable of observing "the blood-given determinations of a race or people", such that Catholicism takes different forms in different countries. <mask> described the church as "the true mother of all ethnic-racial identity" and declared that nationalism and Catholicism could complement one another. In the same essay, <mask> argued that Nazi anti-Jewish legislation was justified by Germans' obligation to strengthen their own racial identity, an obligation he argued originated in the Old Testament, and implicitly endorsed the Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses and the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service.Nonetheless, <mask> also argued that Christians were obliged to treat Jews justly and lovingly, and that it was wrong to deny the Jewishness of Jesus. Whereas <mask>'s ecclesiological work in the 1920s had emphasised the universality of the church and its relationship to peoples' common humanity, in

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Adam
Adam
Karl Eschweiler
Adam
Adam
Adam
Adam
Adam


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 1933 he began to see the unity between Christ and humans in the church as resting on racial and ethnic distinctions. He argued that the church could only flourish among a group of people to the extent that it took on the traits of those people, and that the German-speaking church must encourage the solidification of a German racial and ethnic identity. In a 1934 speech <mask> criticised the Nazi state's support for the German Faith Movement, a neopagan religious movement that called for Germans to reject Christianity. <mask> argued that the strength of the German nation depended on the continuing dominance of Christianity, and that the neopagans failed to acknowledge the positive influence of Christianity on German culture over the course of centuries. Immediately following the speech he was denounced in a Nazi newspaper and harassed by the Sturmabteilung. Days later his licence to teach was revoked and his courses cancelled.The following week he was reinstated, having pledged to no longer criticise Nazism. "The Spiritual Situation of German Catholicism" (1939)
<mask> re-entered the political sphere following the invasion of Poland in 1939. He delivered a lecture entitled "The Spiritual Situation of German Catholicism" ("Die geistige Lage des deutschen Katholizismus"), in which he proposed three ways to foster Christian faith in Germany that he thought would also strengthen the nation and contribute to the blending of Catholicism and German culture: that the church should permit priests to be conscripted into the Wehrmacht, that the church should permit the use of the German language in the Catholic Mass, and that the Pope should canonise more Germans. His aim was to encourage Catholicism to modernise by responding to the "positive" elements of Nazism, and to limit the influence of the German Faith Movement in order to prevent the disintegration of Christianity in the Nazi state. Without naming the German Faith Movement or any other neopagan group, he described "a new Weltanschauung, a non-Christian and anti-Christian faith movement" filling the vacuum left by


texts:
 Christianity's decline. The lecture pleased pro-Nazi Catholics while angering Catholic opponents of Nazism. Joseph Joos accused <mask> of watering down Catholic doctrine and failing to emphasise the divergences between Catholicism and Nazism, while Bishop  told <mask> the lecture had harmed the church and ordered him to cease speaking publicly about the war.Bernhard Lichtenberg wrote to <mask> upon reading the transcript of the lecture, accusing him of offering a "fatal vagueness" under the pretence of a clear delineation of the status of German Catholicism. Lichtenberg criticised <mask>'s argument that German Catholics ought to obey the Nazi authorities, argued that <mask> accepted Nazi efforts to make Catholic doctrine secondary to other Weltanschauungen, and accused <mask> of confusing the concept of Weltanschauung itself by treating it as solely a secular phenomenon then later using the term with regard to theological matters. He argued that <mask> overlooked Nazism's anti-Christian and anti-Catholic themes, and objected to <mask>'s formulation of the concepts of original sin and "German nature". In concluding, Lichtenberg observed that the practical proposals <mask> made had already, to a large extent, been implemented. Lichtenberg was later arrested, convicted of violating the Pulpit Law and the Treachery Act of 1934 and imprisoned, and died while being taken to the Dachau concentration camp. "Jesus, the Christ, and We Germans" (1943)
In 1943 <mask> wrote "Jesus, the Christ, and We Germans" ("Jesus, der Christus, und wir Deutsche"), which expressed anti-Semitic sentiments while defending Christianity from neopagan critiques. The essay argued that although Jesus was Jewish, he was not purely so, because he came from Galilee, a region where interracial marriage was common, and because the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary meant he lacked the "ugly dispositions and forces which we condemn in full blooded Jews."The essay also reiterated the strong connection <mask> perceived between the spirit of Christianity and that of Nazism. It was <mask>'s final effort to

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 connect Catholicism and Nazism. <mask>'s reasons for accommodating Nazism
Krieg has argued that <mask>'s pursuit of accommodation between the church and the Nazi government was due to his belief that the church should play a central and fundamental role in society and the state. Krieg also argues that <mask>'s political naivety was in large part the result of his dependence on the ideas and categories of German Romanticism, which led him to envision a national community in harmonious relation to the church, and thus to misjudge political realities and fail to realise the incompatibility of Nazi ideology with Christian faith. In addition to his Romanticism, Krieg argues that <mask>'s political stance was also informed by the view that Germany was threatened by modernity and the tendencies toward democracy, individualism, secularisation and a modern notion of freedom that promoted diversity. These tendencies, <mask> thought, required new social and political formations that would restore order and encourage community, tradition and Christian faith. The theologian  argued that <mask>'s "predilection for the 'vital' and 'organic'" and his rejection of rationalism and liberalism contributed to his willingness to accommodate Nazism.Robert Spicer argues that <mask>'s expression of common themes uniting Catholicism and Nazism can be seen as in keeping with the themes of Tübingen school theology. Whereas his precursors at Tübingen had attempted to situate Christianity within the culture of the day, the specific culture in which <mask> operated was one influenced to a great extent by Nazi ideology. Spicer argues that, while <mask>'s overtures to Nazism were understandable in the early 1930s, by 1939, after Kristallnacht and the Nazis' persecution of the Catholic Church, they became incomprehensible. Spicer claims <mask> "allowed himself to be so influenced by the National Socialist milieu that he could not properly discern between what he should accept and reject from the movement's ideology." John Connelly argues that <mask> saw Hitler as a figure capable of bridging the divide

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 between German Catholics and Protestants, in keeping with his earlier support for ecumenism. Post-war career and death
The University of Tübingen was occupied by the French Army in 1945 as part of the denazification process. Neither <mask> nor any of Tübingen's other Catholic theologians were among those imprisoned or banned from teaching for promoting Nazism or the Nazi regime's human rights violations.No work was published in postwar Germany questioning or censuring <mask>'s support for Nazism. Krieg writes that "it is not clear ... that <mask> ... ever acknowledged his own misjudgment about and complicity with the Third Reich." In the postwar years <mask> became involved in the ecumenical movement and stressed the need for co-operation between German Catholics and Protestants. As one of the first German Catholic theologians to contribute to ecumenism, he argued that Protestants and Catholics were united by belief in certain Christian truths, and was motivated in part by his continued belief that Christianity ought to form the foundation of German government and society. <mask> retired in 1949, becoming a professor emeritus at Tübingen. He withdrew from public life in the 1950s, and was nominated to be part of a preparatory commission for the Second Vatican Council in 1959, but declined for health reasons. <mask> died in Tübingen on 1 April 1966.Works
<mask>'s best-known works include The Spirit of Catholicism (1924), The Son of God (1934), Christ Our Brother (1929) and The Christ of Faith (1954). Krieg names four central concepts in <mask>'s theology: first, the view of Christ as the sole mediator between God and creation and as the only figure to unite the divine and human worlds; second, the conception of the church as the Body of Christ, existing to make Christ present in the world; third, an account of Christianity as faith specifically within the context of the community of the church; and fourth, a pessimistic evaluation of Western civilisation, which he thought was experiencing a long decline. <mask>'s books were directed at the general reader, rather than

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 appealing solely to theologians. The Spirit of Catholicism (1924)
In The Spirit of Catholicism (1924), <mask> critiqued rationalism, which he argued had distanced people from themselves, from their communities and from God; the Enlightenment, which he claimed prioritised intellect over feelings and relationships; and modernity itself. In mounting this critique he drew on the thought of Max Scheler. Arguing along similar lines to Joseph Lortz and Oswald Spengler, <mask> diagnosed a centuries-long spiritual and cultural decline in Western civilisation, which he argued had begun in the Late Middle Ages and culminated in the Enlightenment. He argued this decline could be arrested, however, by a revitalisation of belief in Christ and the church.The account of the church in The Spirit of Catholicism differed from neo-scholastic conceptions of the church as an institution and from Protestant understandings of the church as an assembly of individuals. <mask> rejected both the First Vatican Council's juridical account of the church and accounts such as that of Friedrich Heiler, who saw the church as "a complex of opposites" united by papal authority. In their place <mask> drew on the work of <mask> Möhler in describing the church as first and foremost a community, and on Paul the Apostle's description of the church as the Body of Christ. The book also rejects Adolf von Harnack's emphasis on the historical Jesus, emphasising a kerygmatic Christology akin to that of Johannes von Kuhn. <mask>, a Protestant colleague of <mask>'s at Tübingen, responded to The Spirit of Catholicism with a series of lectures that were published under the title The Nature of Protestantism in 1925. George Orwell reviewed The Spirit of Catholicism in The New English Weekly in 1932. Orwell differentiated the book from works of "Catholic propaganda", which focus on the basis of Catholic faith and criticisms of its opponents; Orwell praised <mask>, by contrast, for his focus on "what goes on inside the Catholic soul".The book's main significance for non-Catholics, Orwell argued, was as an example of the

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Adam
Adam
Adam
Adam
Johann Adam
Karl Heim
Adam
Adam


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 "Hebrew-like pride and exclusiveness of the Catholic mind". The Spirit of Catholicism has been translated into 13 languages, and was an influence on thinkers including Robert McAfee Brown, Dorothy Day, Thomas Merton, Flannery O'Connor, Alec Vidler, Evelyn Underhill and Pope Paul VI, who drew on it in his papal encyclical Ecclesiam suam. It was one of the most widely read works of German Catholic thought in the first part of the 20th century. Krieg has described The Spirit of Catholicism as "one of the most important studies in Catholic theology during the period between the First Vatican Council (1869–70) and the Second Vatican Council (1962–65)." The Christ of Faith (1954)
The Christ of Faith (1954), a collection of lectures, is a comprehensive history of Christology and <mask>'s final major work. The lectures discuss the sources of Christology and recount the history of controversies in the field, then examine the doctrine of salvation. Here <mask> defines Christology as the study of images of Christ, of which he identifies three: the "dogmatic image" found in doctrine, the "reflected image" found in the Bible, and the "living image", formed through the meeting of the other two images and the church.Juniper Cummings, reviewing the English translation of The Christ of Faith, declined to endorse the book "without reservation", noting that certain statements may lend themselves to misrepresentation, while others suffer from inexactitude, but noted that many of its apparent flaws may in fact be "legitimate differences of theological opinions", while others may stem from insufficient attention to updating the lectures when compiling them. Flannery O'Connor, in her review published in 1958, identified The Christ of Faith as containing an implicit argument against efforts to reconstruct Christianity as a syncretic religion, praised the book's critique of "the errors of liberal theology", and described it as "a master work by one of the Church's greatest living theologians." Other works
In the essay "Faith and the Scholarly Study of Faith in Catholicism" ("Glauben und

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 Glaubenswissenschaft im Katholizismus", 1920) <mask> developed an account of faith that differed from neo-scholastic and rationalist approaches, in which faith is essentially private, and argued that faith has a communal character, relating to encounters with Christ that occur in the church. In Christ Our Brother (1927) <mask> focuses on the Gospels' accounts of Jesus' life and teachings and argues, again in opposition to neo-scholasticism, for the humanity of Christ: rather than seeing him as passive or weak, <mask> describes Christ as embodying humanity's best qualities and achieving its fullest potential. In this reading the incarnation of Christ is seen as the central event in human history, and as representing the meeting of the human and divine not through the ascent of the former but rather through the descent of the latter. Christ and the Western Mind (1928) again drew on Scheler in critiquing modernity, rationalism and the Enlightenment. Here <mask> described a process of secularisation, beginning in the Late Middle Ages and incorporating the Reformation and the Enlightenment.He argued again for the necessity of a return to Christ and the church, which would require a clear presentation of Christian doctrine. The Son of God (1933) similarly considers the Gospels' accounts of Jesus, and argues for Christ's humanity and the centrality of the incarnation of Christ. The Son of God was also influenced by Friedrich Nietzsche's Lebensphilosophie and was widely translated. One and Holy (1948), a collection of essays, expressed support for ecumenism. Evaluation
Krieg describes <mask> as both "one of the most creative theologians of the early twentieth century" and, due to his support for Nazism, "one of the most naive". Krieg argues that <mask> played a significant role in the renewal of Catholic theology in the first half of the 20th century, but weakened Christian resistance to Hitler by stressing the perceived common ground uniting Nazism and Catholicism. Krieg identifies <mask>'s pessimistic evaluation of Western civilisation as the fatal flaw in his thought, which

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 led him to seek accommodation with Nazism.<mask>'s theory of history, Krieg argues, was insufficiently complex and failed to consider the capacity of the church and tradition to adapt. Krieg argues that, although <mask> anticipated insights of the Second Vatican Council in his account of Christ's humanity and the church as a community, he remained within the horizon of the First Vatican Council in his rejection of modern ideas of freedom. Krieg suggests that <mask>'s life and work provides a lesson in the impossibility of "turn[ing] back the clock in order to restore the relationship that existed between the Church and the state in an earlier epoch." <mask>'s theology also provides a positive lesson, however, in Krieg's view, insofar as <mask> in The Spirit of Catholicism acknowledged that the church would have to adapt to non-European cultures and to diversify. James Carroll described <mask> as "perhaps the most notable Catholic theologian of his generation" and identified this eminence as the reason why <mask>'s position on Nazism is significant. Writing in Commonweal in 2008, John Connelly argued that <mask>'s engagement with Nazism indicates "the dangers of speculation, of making judgments about the fulfillment of God's will in history." Connelly also described <mask> as "the rare theologian who made the presence of God seem tangible", identifying this as a reason why <mask> ought not to be forgotten.List of works
 "Faith and the Scholarly Study of Faith in Catholicism" (1920)
 The Spirit of Catholicism (1924)
 Christ our Brother (1927)
 Christ and the Western Mind (1928)
 The Son of God (1933)
 "Jesus, the Christ, and We Germans" (1943)
 One and Holy (1948)
 The Christ of Faith (1954)

See also
 Religion in Nazi Germany

Citations

Sources

Further reading

External links

1876 births
1966 deaths
20th-century German Catholic theologians
20th-century German Roman Catholic priests
German male non-fiction writers
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni
Nazis
People from the Kingdom of Bavaria
People from the Upper Palatinate
University of Strasbourg

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<mask><mask> (December 24, 1918 – May 8, 2008) was a Vermont attorney and public official. He is notable for his service as an Associate Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court from 1981 to 1990. Early life
<mask> was born in Montpelier, Vermont on December 24, 1918, the son of <mask> (1886-1956) and W<mask> (1884-1958). His father owned and operated the Peck Brothers Hardware Store, and <mask> had a twin brother, John W<mask>. <mask> graduated from Montpelier's St. Michael’s High School in 1937. He intended to begin studies at the University of Notre Dame, but had to delay starting college because he contracted polio. After his recovery, he began attendance at Notre Dame, but left school to serve in the military during World War II.Military service
<mask> enlisted in the United States Army in 1941. He completed officer training, and was qualified in the field artillery branch. He then volunteered for paratrooper training, and was assigned to the 17th Airborne Division. <mask> served in combat in France, Belgium, and Luxembourg, and during March 1945's Operation Varsity, he was wounded when his glider came under enemy fire. Unable to move because his legs had been shattered by shrapnel and bullets, <mask> was injured again when another glider crashed into him as it was landing. He spent more than two years recuperating in hospitals overseas and in the United States, and was discharged as a captain in 1947. <mask>'s awards included the Purple Heart.Post-war
After his recuperation, <mask> returned to the University of Notre Dame; he received his B.A. degree in 1950, and his LL.B. in 1951. (His LL.B. was later amended to J.D.) <mask> had received his varsity letter in fencing before the war. Before leaving college for the army, he had been elected captain of the 1942 team.When he returned to Notre Dame after the war, he served as the coach of the freshman fencing team. <mask> was admitted to the bar in 1951, and practiced in Montpelier. A Republican, in 1952 he served as chairman of the organizing committee

masks:
Louis P
. Peck
Louis Provost Peck
Mary Alice Provost
. Nelson Peck
Louis Peck
. Peck
Louis Peck
Peck
Peck
Peck
Peck
Peck
Peck
Peck


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 for Montpelier's Eisenhower for President organization. He served as city grand juror (prosecutor in Montpelier's municipal court) from 1952 to 1957, and was also a member of the city's board of listers. During the 1950s, he also served as chairman of the Washington County Republican committee, and vice chairman of Montpelier's Republican party. He also served as deputy state's attorney of Washington County; in late 1954 and early 1955, he served as acting state's attorney while the incumbent was traveling out of state. A civic activist, <mask>'s volunteer efforts included a term as president of Montpelier's chamber of commerce.In 1956 he was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination for the Vermont House of Representatives; during the 1957 session of the Vermont General Assembly, he was a draftsman on the legislature's staff. Later in 1957 <mask> joined the office of the Vermont Attorney General as the attorney general's chief legal assistant, and he served until 1965. Among his major responsibilities in this position was serving as chief counsel for the Vermont Agency of Transportation, ensuring that the planning and construction of Interstate Highways 89 and 91 complied with both state and federal laws. Continued career
In 1965, Attorney General John P. Connarn appointed <mask> as his deputy. <mask> served as deputy attorney general until January 1967, and then returned to his post as chief legal assistant and counsel for the Vermont Agency of Transportation. He was later appointed as assistant attorney general for governmental affairs, and then chief assistant attorney general in charge of advisory opinions and appeals. From 1969 to 1981, <mask> was a member of the Vermont National Bank board of directors.Judicial career
In September 1981, Governor Richard A. Snelling appointed <mask> as an Associate Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court, filling the vacancy created by the retirement of Robert W. Larrow. <mask>'s appointment marked a break with Vermont's longstanding tradition of

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 appointing judges of the Vermont Superior Court to the Supreme Court. (Larrow's 1974 appointment was also a break with tradition; previously the chief judge of the superior court was chosen by seniority, and the chief judge was appointed to the Supreme Court when a vacancy occurred. Larrow was serving on the Superior Court at the time of his appointment to the Supreme Court, but was not the chief judge.) <mask>'s tenure was best known for his challenge to Vermont's mandatory retirement law for judges. The state constitution required judges to retire at age 70; when <mask> refused to retire after turning 70, the state sued to remove him. <mask> argued that federal laws prohibiting age discrimination should take precedence over the state constitution.His challenge was heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, which agreed in July 1989 that he could not be compelled to retire. Having made his legal point and established a precedent for future age discrimination claims, <mask> retired in 1990, and was replaced by Denise R. Johnson. Playwright and actor
<mask> was a longtime member of the Montpelier Theatre Guild and Actor’s Equity, and authored and directed numerous plays. He also appeared in productions at The Stowe Playhouse and Goddard College. During his work in local and regional theater, <mask> acted in more than a hundred plays. Retirement and death
In retirement, <mask> continued to reside in Montpelier. He died at the Woodridge Nursing Home in Berlin, Vermont on May 8, 2008.Family
In 1952, <mask> married Iride J. Falacci (1924-2003) of Montpelier. They were the parents of daughters Katherine, Barbara and Nancy. References

Sources

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Books

Internet

1918 births
2008 deaths
People from Montpelier, Vermont
University of Notre Dame alumni
Notre Dame Law School alumni
United States Army personnel of World War II
Vermont Republicans
Vermont lawyers
State's attorneys in Vermont
Justices of the Vermont Supreme Court
20th-century American judges
20th-century American

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<mask> (born 1979, Tel Aviv), is a curator, writer, publisher, cultural critic, poet, filmmaker and public intellectual. He currently lives in Philadelphia, PA.

<mask> curated exhibitions in museums and art spaces in Tel Aviv-Yafo, NYC, Melbourne, London, Zürich, Vienna, Berlin, and Amsterdam, among other places. <mask> is former director and chief curator at MoBY-Museums of Bat Yam, Israel (2012- 2017), which made him the youngest museum director in the history of the country. Co-founding editor of the Tel Aviv-Yafo based Maayan publishing together with Roy Chicky Arad. His writing has been taught among other places at the Royal College of Art London, UK, Northwestern University Chicago, US, and the Oslo National Academy of the Arts Norway. Art

<mask> began curating in his rooftop apartment which he named The Free Academy Pavilion of Art, on Jaffa Rd. 3, Tel Aviv.The debut exhibition, I Slept With Ari Libsker (2001), gained mythical stature as several artists in it went on to become prominent cultural figures in the city and worldwide, namely Roee Rosen, Zoya Cherkassky and Roy Chicky Arad. <mask> is signed as curator on some seminal exhibitions in the Israeli art scene and internationally. In 2004 he curated Sharon, an exhibition which is considered the first to introduced a class reading to the imagery of the Occupation. In 2007, at the age of 28, <mask> curated The Rear - The First Herzliya Biennial for Contemporary Art, which was a multi-venue art event at the Herzliya

masks:
Joshua Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon


texts: Museum of Art and in non-art spaces around the coastal city, with new works commissioned from 75 artists. That same year <mask> co-curated with Maayan Strauss and Roy Chicky Arad the exhibition Doron, around a key Israeli collector Doron Sabag, and the relation of him being a key donor to museums to his business in human resources and the deteriorating workers rights in the local labor market. It has been argued that the fact that Sabag is on the board of directors of the Tel Aviv Museum of Art, blocked <mask> from being seriously considered for the position of chief curator at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art a decade later. In 2012 <mask> curated together with Roy Chicky Arad and Ari Libsker the exhibition Iran in opposition to Israeli government plans to go to war with Iran.<mask> headed the theory studies at the Postgraduate program, Hamidrasha School of Art, Beit Berl College, which he helped to set up (2009-2014). During his tenure at MoBY - Museums of Bat Yam,  <mask> initiated an international programming with group and solo-shows which traveled around the world. As director of MoBY, <mask> put special emphasis on expanding outreach programs, developing funding options and facilities and cataloging the museum's collection. <mask> has worked with artists, writers and curators such as Hito Steyerl, Anri Sala, Anna Witt, Thomas Galler, Cristina Garrido, Nicole Wermers, Micah Hesse, Ohad Meromi, Olaf Nicolai, Francesco Finizio, Mika Rotenberg, Keren Cytter, Ari Libsker, Nimrod

masks: Simon Simon Simon Simon Simon Simon Simon


texts:
 Kamer, Maayan Strauss, Vincent Vulsma, Harald Thys and Jos de Gruyter, Ekaterina Degot, Boyan, Elisheva Levy, Ariella Azoulay, Jan Verwoert, Ingo Niermann, Kerem Halbrecht, Lara Favaretto, Irit Rogoff, Caterina Riva, Omer Fast, Joseph Grima, Noam Yuran, Jodi Dean, Noa Yafe, Bini Adamczak, Slavoj Zizek, Aim Deuelle Luski, Michael E. Smith, Ruti Sela and Maayan Amir, Oliver Ressler, David Riff, Noa Tsaushu, Zoya Cherkassky, <mask>, Doron Rabina, Avi Bohbot, Zachary Formwalt, Moshe Gershuni, Harun Farocki, Yael Bartana, Yair Garbuz, Boris Buden, and Roee Rosen, among others. His writing has been published in a wide range of publications: Springerin, Frieze, Afterall, Domus International, Modern Painters, Temporary Art Review, Artpress, Mousse Magazine, Art Actuel, e-flux journal, Public Seminar and Israeli Art magazine Studio. Simon is a fellow at the Vera List Center for Art and Politics, The New School, New York (2011-2013), and the Akademie de Künst der Welt, Cologne (2017). Neomaterialism
The book Neomaterialism (2013), examines the meaning of materialism today, as materiality has been supposedly defeated by financial and digital operations.Since the so-called dematerialization of currencies and art practices in the late 1960s and early 1970, we have witnessed several shifts the book claims: the focus of labor has moved from production to consumption, the commodity has become the historical subject, and symbols now behave like materials (brands etc.). Neomaterialism


texts:
 explores the meaning of the world of commodities, and reintroduces various notions of dialectical materialism into the conversation on the subjectivity and vitalism of things. At the height of the influence of Object Oriented Ontology and speculative realism in contemporary art circles, the book provided a much needed critique of these trends of re-fetishization and de-contextualization. Putting debt at the center of the contemporary experience, the book explores our material culture following the 2008 crisis and the attempts to secure the art market. <mask> put forward several concept in the book, such as the unreadymade, sentimental value, and the promise of the dividual as a means for a vocabulary in this new economy of meaning. Reflecting on the general intellect as labor and the subjugation of an overqualified generation to the neo-feudal order of debt finance — with a particular focus on dispossession and rent economy, post-appropriation display strategies and negation, the barricade and capital's technocratic fascisms—Neomaterialism merges traditions of epic communism with the communism that is already here. Reception
Neomaterialism has been taught in several art programs around the world, and generated several reading groups in Europe, the UK and the US.Among the reactions to it Boris Groys wrote: "After a short period of ‘unbearable lightness of being,’ the social gravitation begins to be felt again. In his book <mask> describes and analyzes the growing weight of

masks:
Simon
Joshua Simon


texts:
 the technical, economic, material basis of our society. The author's sensibility for today's Zeitgeist is at the same time entertaining and precise." Jan Verwoert, wrote for Frieze Magazine: "In his new book Neomaterialism, <mask> perceptively argues that debt is the crux of the matter. Credit card purchases and mortgage settlements may feel abstract at first. But debt brings its material truth home to you: you do not own that new computer, TV, car or flat; they own you." Pelin Tan wrote in Domus Magazine: "Neomaterialism is a book that prevents us to fall into the pessimism of perceiving the thought of new materialism as a minimalist approach as well as to reconsider our practice as curators, architects and artists in a transversal way in order to create a further criticism not only of the modernist but also post-structuralist heritages of representation and subject-object relations."And Louis Moreno wrote in Onlineopen.org: "Perhaps <mask>’s book represents a new form of guide to contemporary art. This is art as diagnostic toolkit, able to decipher the complex threats that lurk within the fixtures and fittings of everyday life […] <mask>’s implicit suggestion that neomaterialist art embodies an auto-critique of financialised capitalism is fascinating." The book had numerous print runs. The New and Bad Art Gallery
In the summer of 2007 <mask> and Arad opened together with artist Maayan Strauss The New and Bad Art Gallery in Tel Aviv, which presented a line-up of debut solo

masks:
Joshua Simon
Simon
Simon
Simon


texts:
 exhibitions by young female artists (Eden Bannet, Inbal Strauss, Noa Tsaushu, Oren Ben Moreh, Efrat Kedem and Fumio Sakurai), with two male exceptions (Nimrod Kamer and Know Hope). Initially planned to operate for six months, the gallery re-opened after a few months in Haifa under the directorship of Natalie Levin, and operated there for two years. Notable concepts
<mask>'s work is often identified with several concepts -
The Curatorial
Unreadymade
The Overqualified
Dividual
Mesoscopic
Metastability

Publishing and Film
Since the late 1990s, <mask> has been working closely with poet and writer Roy Chicky Arad on a number of initiatives in Tel Aviv. Together they founded The University of Shenkin and The Free Academy (for which <mask> opened the Art Pavilion in his apartment), two platforms of nomadic study that were hosted by art schools and art festivals, theatres and schools.Out of these initiatives came out a travelling poetry reading program that <mask> and Arad initiated, which in turn morphed into Guerilla Culture – a platform of poets and activists who organized poetry demonstrations and publications throughout the 2000s. Parallel to these projects in poetry, since the 2000 <mask> has been writing and directing short films as a member of the group of filmmakers Baboon, together with Tom Shoval, Daniel Adar, Michael Hanegbi, Adam Sanderson and Oren Shay. <mask>'s films were shown among other places on Arte/ZDF, Israeli channel 1 and channel 2, and in Anthology

masks: Simon Simon Simon Simon Simon Simon


texts:
 Film Archives, NYC, and in The Berlinale Film Festival, Mar Del Plata, Argentina, Rencontres Internationales Paris and Berlin, FIDMarseille France, Oberhausen IFF Germany, INVIDEO and Milan Short Film Festival, among other places. For his film The Radicals (2001), <mask> was awarded The Jerusalem Cinematheque Award for Young Filmmaker. In 2005 <mask> and Arad formed Maayan Publishing, which publishes Maayan Magazine for Poetry, Literature and Ideas which they co-edit; Western (Maarvon) – New Film Magazine (which <mask> edits); The New and Bad Contemporary Art Magazine (which they edit together with Natalie Levin); and a series for poetry books and original theatre plays. <mask> is the author of the poetry book National Citizens. In the first issue of Maayan he published a list called "The Prince", exploring his life and views on the world from A to Z.Since then he wrote essays for the magazine and translated for it songs by Woody Guthrie and Pete Seeger among others. <mask> translated Mierle Landerman Ukeles "Maintenance Art Manifesto" (1969) into Hebrew on its 40th anniversary for The New and Bad Contemporary Art Magazine

Maarvon (Western) – New Film Magazine
Originally, Maarvon was intended as an extended supplement to Maayan Magazine dedicated to cinema and film, but eventually it grew to become an independent film magazine. On its board are key filmmakers, programmers and scholars such as Dan Shadur, Adam Aboulafia, Laliv Melamed, Dani Rosenberg, Nimrod Kamer, Ari

masks: Simon Simon Simon Simon Simon


texts: Libsker, Tom Shoval, and Karin Rywkind Segal. The magazine also included a column by artist and filmmaker Roee Rosen (issues 1–6). While expanding the writing on contemporary cinema in Hebrew, the magazine made it its goal to look carefully into Israeli film history and present, with essays on sub-genres and rediscovered figures, funding conditions and theoretical blind spots, films by female filmmakers, overview of themes and styles. In recent issues the magazine has been focusing more and more on the shift from montage to the digital. It has dedicated special issues to filmmakers such as Jean Luc Godard, Alexander Kluge, Hito Steyerl, Harun Farocki and others, as they have portrayed the shift from visualising the totality of the social through montage to an exploration of the totality of capital in the digital.Parallel to these filmmakers, the magazine highlighted the work of Albert Serra, Jia Zhangke, Amos Guttman, Abderrahmane Sissako, Scandar Copti, Lisandro Alonso, Barry Jenkins, Apichatpong Weerasethakul, Keren Yedaya, Hagar Ben-Asher, Pedro Costa, Adam Sandler, Rob Schneider, Avi Mograbi, Peter Watkins, Roberto Rossellini, Sasha Grey, Russ Meyer, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Miguel Gomes, Dušan Makavejev, Matías Piñeiro, Ellida Geira, Kendrick Lamar, Claire Denis, Michal Bat-Adam. <mask> also contributed to the magazine essays on Israeli cinema, on finance and psychosis, and on contemporary romantic comedies of the 2000s and Bromance movies, among other subjects.


texts:
 Journalism
In the media magazine Firma (a supplement of Globes Financial News), <mask> has published articles from 2000 to 2009 on various issues. <mask> contributed to the culture section of the daily newspaper Globes with art reviews and interviews and was the newspaper's art critic and contributor to the paper's Op-Eds. In Firma, <mask> served as editorial board member, ran a column "Reading the News" which was a focused on media critique, interviewed key figures of the local political scene such as Benjamin Netanyahu (Minister of Finance at the time), Ehud Olmert (Minister of Industry, Trade and Labor at the time), Avigdor Lieberman (Minister of Strategic Affairs at the time), Amir Peretz (Chairman of the General Organization of Workers in Israel at the time), Akiva Orr (key political figure of anti-Zionist Left in Israel since the 1960s), Shimshon Bichler (world renowned scholar of the political economy of Israel's military-financial complex), filmmaker Menachem Golan, as well as International philosopher Slavoj Zizek and many others. In addition, from 2005 to 2009 <mask> ran a weekly column in the now mythological metro weekly Ha-Ir (the Tel Aviv equivalent of The Village Voice). The column, "Close to Home," was key to define the changes the city has undergone in its leadership's attempt to position it as a Global City.In his column, <mask> observed urban developments and gentrification trends, gave voice to right to the city movements and expanded on the intertwined


texts:
 political and architectural meaning of public sphere. Select exhibitions
• In The Liquid – group exhibition, PrintScreen Media Art Festival, Holon Israel, Oct.-Nov. 2018

• Second Nature – group exhibition, the main exhibition at the fifth International Photography Festival, Tel Aviv (Nov.-Dec. 2017), Traveled to Gate3 gallery in Haifa (Feb.-April 2018)

• The Kids Want Communism – a two and a half year long program of exhibitions and events marking 99 years to the Soviet Revolution. – group exhibition, Left Bank: The Israeli Communist Party Culture Club, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Sep. 2008

• "Come to Israel: It’s Hot and Wet and We Have the Humus" – group exhibition, Storefront for Art and Architecture, NYC; April 2008

• The Rear – The 1st Herzliya Biennial of Contemporary Art, Israel, 2007

• Doron – group exhibition, Minshar College of Art, Tel Aviv-Yafo, 2006, co-curated with Maayan Strauss and Roy Chicky Arad

• Blanks – group exhibition, Center for Contemporary Art, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Nov. 2005, co-curated with Sergio Edelsztien

• Sharon – group exhibition, Teachers College of Technology, Tel Aviv-Yafo, 2004

• Amos Gitai – A Retrospective, travelling film program in Israeli cinematheques, 2003

• I slept with Ari Libsker - group exhibition, The Free Academy Pavilion of Art, Tel Aviv-Yafo, 2001

• 96 Elections – solo exhibition of Roy Chicky Arad, Tal Esther Gallery, Tel Aviv-Yafo, 2000

Authored books

National Citizens - Essays [אזרחים לאומיים], Tel Aviv: Havkin Publishing,


texts:
 1998, 6 pp. (In Hebrew) [reprinted in: Hamidrasha Art Journal, Issue 11: Parody/Irony, 2008 (In Hebrew)]
National Citizens [אזרחים לאומיים], Tel Aviv: Shadurian Publishing, 2001, 80 pp. (In Hebrew)
Neomaterialism, Berlin: Sternberg Press, 2013, 194 pp. Edited books
Sea & Sun, catalogue for the Israeli Pavilion at the Venice Architecture Biennale 2004, 124 pp. With Asma Agbarieh-Zahalka, Turky Ammar, Roy Chicky Arad, Marwan Makhoul, Nir Nader, Yaara Shehori and Mati Shmuelof, Red – Class Poetry [אדומה – אסופה לשירה מעמדית], Maayan Publishing in partnership with Etgar, Hakivun Mizrah, 2007, 232 pp.(In Hebrew and Arabic)
With Roy Chicky Arad, Ronen Eidelman, Tomer Gardi, Nir Nader, Yaara Shehori, Mati Shmuelof and Boaz Yaniv, Out – Against The Attack on Gaza [לצאת – נגד ההתקפה על עזה], Maayan Publishing in partnership with Daka, Etgar, Guerilla Culture, Maarav and Sedek, 2008, 74 pp. (In Hebrew and Arabic)
With Manon Slome, The Aesthetics of Terror, New York and Milan: Charta Books, 2009, 104 pp. United States of Palestine-Israel, Berlin: Sternberg Press, 2011, 128 pp. With Roy Chicky Arad, Good Energies – the Protocol of the Israeli Parliamentary Committee on Natural Gas Royalties, Maayan Publishing, 2011, 53 pp. [In Hebrew]
With Roy Chicky Arad, Ronen Eidelman, Ori Ensenberg, Roni Hirsch, Efrat Mishori, Nir Nader, Yudit Shahar, Yaara Shehori, Mati Shmuelof, The Revolution Song-Book - Tents Poetry [שירון המהפכה – שירת האוהלים], Maayan Publishing in partnership with Daka,


texts:
 Etgar, Erev-Rav and Guerilla Culture, 2011, 109 pp. (In Hebrew)
Ruti Sela: For The Record, Berlin: Archive Books, 2015, 224 pp. With Ingo Niermann, Communists Anonymous, Berlin: Sternberg Press, 2017, 292 pp.Being Together Precedes Being: A Textbook for The Kids Want Communism, Berlin: Archive Books, 2019, 392 pp. Select Articles
"Damn, We’re Sexy: <mask> and Roy Chick Arad in conversation," Hamidrasha Art Journal , Issue 7: Education/Initiation, 2004 (In Hebrew)
"Il Principe – Autobiography," Maayan Magazine for Poetry Literature and Ideas, Issue 1, Winter 2004-5 (In Hebrew)
"Silence of the Lamps: on the films of Jos De Gruyter and Harald Thys," Afterall Journal, Issue 22, Fall 2009
"A Certain Tendency in Israeli Cinema," Maarvon – New Film Magazine, Issue 1, Winter 2005-6 (In Hebrew) [reprinted in English online on Slash Seconds:
"On the Aesthetics of Terror," in: Boris Groys and Peter Weibel (eds. ), Medium Religion, ZKM: Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe, Autumn-Winter 2008
"White Picket Fence: Settlement and Suburbia, Geography and Real Estate," in: Ariella Azoulay (ed. ), HomeLessHome, Museum on The Seam, Jerusalem Feb. 2010
"Neo-Materialism," three part essay on e-flux journal #20, #23, #26 (Nov. 2010; March 2011; Sep. 2011) ;
"Betrayal and the Curatorial," in: Jean-Paul Martinon (ed. ), The Curatorial: A Philosophy of Curating, Bloomsbury Publishing, UK, 2013
"Shockwork: The Selfie and the Labour of the Overqualified," in: Journal, ICA, London, 2014:
"The


texts:
 Overqualified," Art Handler Magazine, Issue 1, NYC, 2015
"Debt and the Materiality of the Dividual," key note paper from the conference ‘Transversal Practices: Matter, Ecology and Relationality’, VI Conference on New Materialisms 27–29 September 2015, The Victorian College of the Arts, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Published in: Springerin Magazine, Vienna, Austria, January 2016 [German and English]:
"The Dual Power of Arts Organizations," Temporary Art Review, November 2016:
"Neoliberal Politics, Protective Edge, and BDS," in: Kareem Estefan, Carin Kuoni, Laura Raicovich (eds. ), Assuming Boycott: Resistance, Agency, and Cultural Production, OR Books, NYC, 2017
"From Value to Price, From Labor to Debt, From Revolution to Disruption," Public Seminar, The New School, NYC, Oct. 2017:
"Soviet Knowledge," Haokets for Social Critique, Nov. 2017 (In Hebrew)
"Phantom-Politics," in: Marina Grzinic (ed.), Border Thinking: Disassembling Histories of Racialized Violence, The Academy of Fine Arts Vienna and Sternberg Press, 2018
"The Postman Always Rings Twice: Why Does Post-History Repeat Itself?," in: <mask> (ed.) Being Together Precedes Being: A Textbook for The Kids Want Communism, Berlin: Archive Books, 2019
"Speculation and Counter-Speculation." MaHKUscript: Journal of Fine Art Research, 3(1), p. 3, 2019:
"Gentlemen of the Spoon: The meaning of Netanyahu," Maayan Magazine, Issue 15, Summer 2019 (In Hebrew). Appeared online on Mekomit:
"The Way Things Are


texts:
 Organized: The Mesoscopic, The Metastable, The Curatorial," in: Paul O'Neill, <mask>, Lucy Steeds and Mick Wilson (eds. ), Curating After The Global, MIT Press, 2019

Select short films
• Push Up Teaser (teaser for feature film starring Yael Grobglas, Omer Goldman and Danielle Kitzis), 2011

• Die Unsichtbare Hand (special commission from the Zebra Poetry Film Festival, Berlin, based on a poem by Daniel Falb), 2010

• Les mots et les choses (starring Yehuda Levi, Gili Saar and Roee Rosen), 2004

• My Room (documentary short commissioned by Channel 8 for science & culture), 2002

• The Radicals (starring Yaara Sharon, Roy Chicky Arad, Michael Hanegbi, Dan Shadur, Ari Libsker, Lior Levy, Michal Shalev), 2001

• Moments (documentary commissioned by Israeli Channel 1), 2001

• City Hole (starring Iva Kafri and Tomer Persico), 1999

References

External links

Maayan Magazine Website
the Doron exhibition (website)
The Radicals (film by <mask> Simon)
On The Barnes Foundation (website)
Vera List Center for Art and Politics website
AKADEMIE DER KÜNSTE DER WELT website

Israeli film directors
Israeli curators
Israeli journalists
Living people
1979

masks:
Simon Sheikh
Joshua


texts:
<mask>  (born January 6, 1997) is an American professional ten-pin bowler from Little Elm, Texas, currently residing in Las Vegas, Nevada. He has been a member of the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) since 2014. <mask> became known in bowling fan circles early in the 2016 season, when he earned the distinction as the youngest player in history to win a PBA major championship. He uses the two-handed shovel-style delivery with a dominant right hand. He is a member of the Roto Grip and Vise Grips pro staffs. Amateur accomplishments
As an 18-year-old, <mask> captured a win in doubles (with partner Mark Sleeper, Jr.) at the 2015 USBC Open Championships. <mask> first earned a spot on Team USA in 2016.He and his Team USA teammates won the 2019 Weber Cup over Team Europe. <mask> participated in 11 of the 32 matches, going 5–1 in singles, 1–2 in doubles, and 1–1 in team. In the 2020 Weber Cup, <mask> and Team USA again defeated Team Europe, 23–18. Overall in the event, <mask> participated in 12 of 41 matches, going 4–1 in singles, 1–4 in doubles, and 1–1 in team. In his third singles match against England's Dom Barrett, <mask> rolled a 300 game. <mask> also competed in the 2021 Weber Cup. In the USA's
17–18 loss to Team Europe, <mask> participated in 12 of 35 matches, going 4–3 in singles, 2–0 in doubles, and 0–3 in team.PBA career
<mask> became a PBA member in 2014 at age 17. This followed some success on the PBA regional circuit, where he won two Regional tournaments as a non-member. <mask> has won nine PBA Tour titles (with three majors) and seven PBA Regional titles. He has rolled 7 career 300 games in PBA competition (through 2019). He also has one European Bowling Tour

masks:
Anthony Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen
Simonsen


texts:
 (EBT) title to his credit, earned at the 2018 Storm Irish Open. 2015 season
<mask> made the cash-line cut in seven of 16 tournaments on the 2015 PBA Tour, and qualified for match play five times. 2016 season

<mask>'s first PBA Tour title came on December 18, 2015 at the Mark Roth/Marshall Holman PBA Doubles Championship, where he teamed with Connor Pickford.(This was considered a 2016 season title.) The victory made <mask> the second-youngest winner of a standard PBA Tour event, at . He was only two days older than Norm Duke when Duke won the 1983 PBA Cleveland Open. <mask> made history on February 14, 2016, when he won his first PBA Tour singles title and first major at the USBC Masters in Indianapolis. This win made <mask> the youngest player ever, at age 19 years and 39 days, to win a PBA major title. PBA Hall of Famer Mike Aulby had held this distinction since 1979, when he won the PBA National Championship at age 19 years, 83 days. <mask> qualified for two more televised finals in major tournaments during 2016, finishing fourth at the U.S. Open in November and fifth at the PBA World Championship in December.He appeared in the championship round (the final stage of a tournament) seven times this season. 2017 season

On February 26, 2017, <mask> won the World Bowling Tour (WBT) Men's Finals in Las Vegas, NV, cashing $20,000. The finals included the top three points earners from 2015 and 2016 WBT events. While presented by the PBA, this event does not award a PBA title. <mask> captured his third PBA title on May 29, 2017 at the PBA Xtra Frame Wilmington Open. As one of the top eight money leaders from the start of the 2015 season through the 2017 USBC Masters, <mask> was

masks: Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Anthony Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen


texts:
 invited to participate in the inaugural Main Event PBA Tour Finals in May, 2017. He placed eighth in the event.2018 season

<mask> finished runner-up to Sweden's Jenny Wegner in the 2018 Brunswick Euro Challenge, held in Munich, Germany. <mask> won a scratch victory of 213–211 in the final match, but because Wegner accepted the eight pins per game handicap offered to female competitors, <mask> lost the match and a PBA title by an official score of 219–213. On August 19, <mask> won his fourth PBA title at the Gene Carter's Pro Shop Classic in Middletown, Delaware. <mask> gained some attention with this latest victory when he used a "backup ball" (a right-hander putting reverse rotation on the ball so it hooks like a left-hander's shot, or vice versa) during both match play and one of the finals matches after the right side of the lane had become difficult to play. While USBC and PBA rules do not allow a bowler to switch to his or her opposite hand for any sanctioned shot during a given season, <mask>'s technique was legal. He still used a dominant right hand, but rotated the ball in the opposite direction versus his conventional shot. On October 16, <mask> won his fifth PBA Tour title at the FloBowling PBA Wolf Open in Owasso, Oklahoma.Having qualified as the #1 seed, he won his lone championship round match over Andrew Anderson. With the win, <mask> joined Jesper Svensson as the only players in history to have five PBA Tour titles by age 21. 2019 season
On February 17, 2019, <mask> won his sixth PBA Tour title and second major at the 2019 PBA Players Championship in Columbus, Ohio. As the #2 seed in the stepladder finals, he defeated Kyle Troup in the semi-final match

masks: Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen


texts:
 259–202, then upset #1 seed Jason Belmonte (going for a record 11th major) in the final match 232–212 to claim the title. <mask>'s victory made him the youngest player (22) in PBA history to win two major championships. The previous record holder, Billy Hardwick, won his second major championship at age 23. With two majors and at least five titles overall, <mask> is also the youngest player in history to become title-eligible for the PBA Hall of Fame.<mask> qualified as the #4 seed for the inaugural PBA Tour Playoffs. He made it to the Final Four on June 1, but lost in the semifinal to eventual champion Kristopher Prather. On August 29, <mask> won his seventh PBA Tour title in exciting fashion at the PBA Bear Open in Aurora, Illinois. After the final match against E. J. Tackett finished in a 267–267 tie, both <mask> and Tackett recorded strikes on the first ball of sudden-death roll-off. <mask> then struck on the second ball of sudden death, while Tackett rolled a 9-count, giving <mask> his second title of the 2019 season. Overall in 2019, <mask> made eight championship round appearances and cashed $171,340, both career highs. <mask> won an additional $100,000 in the Bowlero Elite Series event on September 13, 2019, which is not counted in his PBA earnings.2020 season
<mask> qualified as the #1 seed for the finals of the 2020 U.S. Open, but lost the championship match to Jason Belmonte, 226–201. In the PBA World Championship finals on March 15, he again finished runner-up to Belmonte. Based on 2020 points, <mask> qualified as the #4 seed for the season-ending PBA Tour Playoffs. He made it all the way to the championship match, only to suffer another runner-up finish, this

masks: Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Anthony Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen


texts:
 time to Bill O'Neill. Despite the 2020 season being shortened by COVID-19, <mask> posted a new career high in earnings with $227,130. 2021 season
After yet another runner-up finish in a major (2021 PBA Tournament of Champions), <mask> finally broke through with his eighth title in the PBA Tour Finals on June 27. Having secured the #1 seed in Group 2 qualifying, <mask> topped Kris Prather in his group stepladder final, then defeated Group 1 winner Kyle Troup for the championship.2022 season

On February 6, 2022, <mask> won his ninth PBA Tour title and third major at the 2022 U.S. Open, held in Indianapolis, Indiana. Qualifying as the #2 seed for the stepladder finals, he defeated Jason Belmonte in the semifinal match and E. J. Tackett in the championship match to claim the victory. The win makes <mask> the youngest bowler in PBA history (25 years, 31 days) to win three major titles. The previous record holder was PBA Hall of Famer Dave Davis, who won his third major in 1968 at age 25 years, 343 days. PBA Tour Titles
Major tournament titles are in bold type. 2016: PBA Mark Roth-Marshall Holman Doubles Championship (w/Connor Pickford) (Reno, NV)
 2016: USBC Masters (Indianapolis, IN)
 2017: PBA Xtra Frame Wilmington Open (Wilmington, NC)
 2018: PBA Xtra Frame Gene Carter's Pro Shop Open (Middletown, DE)
 2018: FloBowling PBA Wolf Open (Owasso, OK)
 2019: PBA Players Championship (Columbus, OH)
 2019: FloBowling PBA Bear Open (Aurora, IL)
 2021: PBA Tour Finals (Allen Park, MI)
 2022: U.S. Open (Indianapolis, IN)

Career statistics

Statistics are through the last complete PBA season. +CRA = Championship Round Appearances

References

American ten-pin bowling players
1997

masks: Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen Simonsen


texts:
Charles E<mask> (October 30, 1847 – January 5, 1896) was a lawman and saloon owner in the American Old West in Dodge City. He was one of the founders of the Long Branch Saloon in Dodge City, served as the first sheriff of Ford County, Kansas, as well as city marshal of Dodge City. His deputies included Wyatt Earp and Bat Masterson. Early years

Charles E<mask> was born on October 30, 1847, in New Bedford, Massachusetts. He was the fourth of six children born to Benjamin and Julia (Norton<mask>. <mask> was in his late teens when his parents separated, and he elected to live with his father in Philadelphia. Civil War record

On February 14, 1865, <mask> enlisted in the Union Army at Frankford, Pennsylvania (now a part of Philadelphia).He received a $100 bounty for signing on for one year as a private in Company I of the 213th Pennsylvania Infantry, a volunteer regiment. <mask> was mustered out of his volunteer regiment in Washington, D.C., on November 18, 1865. He served a little more than nine months, not for the year he had signed. This was most likely the result of an Army cutback after Lee's surrender in April. Heading West

Charles E<mask> spent the period between late 1865 and early 1873 drifting around the West, serving various stints as a miner, bartender, and buffalo hunter. He was most likely in the neighborhood of what would become Dodge City, Kansas, when his father, <mask> died in Philadelphia on January 2, 1872. Dodge City and the Long Branch Saloon

<mask> opened the original Long Branch Saloon in Dodge City in late 1872 in partnership with Alfred J. Peacock.Eventually, Bassett and Peacock sold the Long Branch. The saloon changed hands several times until Luke Short became one of the owners. Short's partnership in the Long

masks:
. Bassett
. Bassett
) Bassett
Charlie
Bassett
Bassett
. Bassett
Benjamin Bassett
Charlie Bassett


texts:
 Branch would cause one of the high points of <mask>'s life in 1883. Sheriff of Ford County, Kansas

On June 5, 1873, the citizens of Ford County, Kansas, chose <mask> as their first sheriff. His headquarters were in Dodge City. <mask> was re-elected twice, serving until 1878. On September 18, 1877, Sam Bass and his gang robbed a Union Pacific train of $60,000 at Big Springs, Nebraska.The bandits were reported in Kansas and <mask> went out after them. <mask>'s posse included Bat Masterson and John Joshua Webb. The group was unsuccessful in their pursuit of the train robbers. By Kansas law, <mask> could not seek a third successive term as sheriff of Ford County. On November 6, 1877, Bat Masterson was elected sheriff of Ford County, replacing <mask>. One of his first acts was to appoint <mask> as his under-sheriff. Assistant Marshal of Dodge City

In addition to serving as Bat Masterson's under-sheriff, <mask> was also serving as assistant city marshal under Bat's brother, City Marshal Edward J. Masterson.He was still serving as sheriff when he got the appointment during December, 1877. The Dodge City Times reported, "<mask> has been appointed by Mayor [James H.] Kelley to assist Marshal [Edward J.] Masterson in preserving order and decorum in the city. Mr. <mask> has had thorough training and is a good man for the place." On January 27, 1878, Dave Rudabaugh and four others attempted to hold up a train at Kinsley, Kansas. On February 1, a posse led by Sheriff Bat Masterson captured two of the robbers - Dave Rudabaugh and Edgar West. <mask> assisted his two bosses, Sheriff Bat Masterson and Marshal Ed Masterson, in the capture of two more of the train robbers right in Dodge City.Marshal of Dodge City

Dodge City's most colorful and tragic

masks:
Bassett
Bassett
Bassett
Sheriff Bassett
Bassett
Bassett
Bassett
Bassett
Bassett
Sheriff Bassett
Bassett
Charlie Basset