texts:
 owning a three-quarter length pastel of his mother by  (1894) as well as a signed and dated bust-length portrait of himself as a boy by Muller-Ury, which was unframed and stored in a cupboard. Starting in 1955 Seilern began the publication of a catalogue in seven volumes assisted by Fritz Grossmann of the most important parts of the collection, though he waited in vain for Wilde to produce catalogue entries on his important Michelangelo drawings. Death
Seilern died in hospital in London in the early hours of 6 July 1978; he was 76. He was buried on 13 July in the churchyard in Frensham, Surrey. His family later had the body exhumed and had it re-interred in the family vault at Schloss Schönbühel, approximately 80 km west of Vienna.Bequest to the Courtauld Gallery
Whilst he lived he was persuaded by Johannes Wilde, who had quickly been appointed by Anthony Blunt deputy director of The Courtauld Institute of Art, London, to leave the majority of the paintings and drawings in his collections to the Courtauld Institute Galleries, which already had bequests given by Samuel Courtauld, Viscount Lee of Fareham, Roger Fry, Mark Gambier-Parry and other benefactors. This bequest was made after his death with the condition that it be made anonymously, and be called The Princes Gate Collection. His friend Michael Kitson, another art historian, was given the responsibility under his will of ensuring that the collection was moved to the Courtauld and appropriately displayed. This included his Michelangelo drawings, his Rubens collection, his Tiepolos, Parmigianino's Virgin and Child and Rest on the Flight into Egypt, the


type: original

texts:
 Kokoschka ceiling and Bernardo Daddi's masterpiece Virgin and Child with Saints from 1338, which Seilern had purchased in 1956, as well as modern works by Pissarro, Edgar Degas, Pierre-Auguste Renoir and others, and two pictures by Daubigny and Narcisse Virgilio Díaz he had retained from his grandmother's collection in New York. The Courtauld also received his papers relating to the collection. Not everything at Princes Gate was bequeathed to the Courtauld as the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna was bequeathed two paintings: a copy by Van Dyck of a Titian called 'Madonna and Child with St Dorothy' and a painting by Domenico Fetti called 'The Return of the Prodigal Son' and Seilern's nephews and nieces received substantial bequests of groups of art works in the collection, like the Dürer engravings, Greek vases, German and Austrian paintings not in the published catalogue (that hung principally on the bedroom floor at Princes Gate), and the pictures at the farm in Buckinghamshire. Personal life and character
Seilern never married, was extremely reserved, and his private life is undocumented although he had many women friends, and was evidently fond of his brother Charles's four children, his cousin Paul Methuen (whose pictures he bought occasionally, apparently never keeping them but giving them away as presents), and enjoyed long friendships with scholars like Wilde, Ludwig Burchard, Anthony Blunt, Michael Kitson, and unusually, as he was perforce also a dealer, James Byam Shaw.After the war he also acquired Hog Lane Farm close to Chesham, Buckinghamshire, where he bred pigs (Courtauld Institute students of the


texts:
 1950s sometimes alleged to have seen him outside 20 Portman Square in a sports car with a pet pig beside him) and grew orchids and fruit which he enjoyed giving to his friends. For convenience he often rode a moped when in London. He was a large man with quite a booming voice, and according to James Byam Shaw possessed something of a dual character, being business-like and intellectual with his male friends, but with women of all ages had all the charm and manners of an aristocrat from the former Austro-Hungarian Empire. Portraits
He was painted at least twice as a boy by Adolfo Müller-Ury, who was a close friend of his mother and father and who had acted as an usher at their wedding in New York in February 1898, and who, along with the other ushers, had been given a gold cigarette box by 'Carlo' Seilern by way of thanks. The first portrait was in a group portrait with his two brothers which was certainly painted in London in the summer of 1906 and was exhibited at Knoedler in New York in December that year. The New York Herald, 5 December 1906, called the group 'graceful' and on 8 December 1906 commented that '...The boys are about 4, 6, and 7 years in age, and they have been painted out of doors.' The second was in late 1906, a full-length dressed in ermine with a rabbit on a string (first exhibited in January 1907 at Knoedler and in February 1908 at the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington DC).Both are unlocated. A head and shoulders of <mask> peeping out from behind a red curtain and dated 1909 was in his possession at Princes Gate at his death in 1978 and is now in a private collection in Austria; what


texts:
 appears to be a reduced version of the full-length portrait survives in a private collection in Lucerne, Switzerland; the group portrait is only known through photographs. Muller-Ury also painted portraits [all lost] of his mother in 1898, two of his aunt Carola Woerishoffer aged 13 in 1898 and posthumously as an adult (like her sister she died young, but in a car crash), and his much beloved grandmother, Mrs Charles Woerishoffer, seated in a lakeland, around 1912. Publications
Between 1955 and 1971 <mask> published an illustrated catalogue of his collection in seven parts; he was assisted by Fritz Grossmann. He dedicated the catalogue to his grandmother, Mrs Charles Woerishoffer. The catalogue consists of:

 Flemish Paintings & Drawings at 56 Princes Gate, London SW7, 2 volumes. London: Shenval Press, 1955
 Italian Paintings & Drawings at 56 Princes Gate, London SW7, 2 volumes.London: Shenval Press, 1959
 Paintings and Drawings of Continental Schools Other than Flemish and Italian at 56 Princes Gate, London SW7, 2 volumes. London: Shenval Press, 1961
 Flemish Paintings & Drawings at 56 Princes Gate, London SW7: Addenda. London: Shenval Press, 1969
 Italian Paintings & Drawings at 56 Princes Gate, London SW7: Addenda, 2 volumes. London: Shenval Press, 1969
 Recent Acquisitions at 56 Princes Gate, London SW7, 2 volumes. London: Shenval Press, 1971
 Corrigenda & addenda to the catalogue of Paintings & Drawings at 56 Princes Gate, London SW7. London: Shenval Press, 1971

References

Bibliography
 'Count Seilern's Flemish Paintings and Drawings' in The Burlington Magazine (December 1955), pp. 396–398
 Michael Levey,


texts:
 'Count Seilern's Italian Pictures and Drawings' in The Burlington Magazine (March 1960) pp.122–3
 Helen Braham, 'Introduction' to The Princes Gate Collection, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London, 1981, pp. vii-xv
 Dennis Farr, 'Seilern und Aspang, Count <mask> (1901-1978)' in The Oxford Dictionary of American Biography
 James Byam Shaw, 'Count <mask>n (1901–78)' (obituary) in The Burlington Magazine (November 1978), pp. 760–2
 Anthony Blunt, '<mask>n: Connoisseur in the Grand Tradition' in Apollo (January 1979), pp. 10–23. Helen Braham,'My Little Collection' in The Antique Collector (January 1991), pp. 35–41
 Stephen Conrad, 'Re-introducing Adolfo Müller-Ury 1862-1947: The artist, two dealers, four counts and the Kaiser: A hitherto unknown episode in international art history' in The British Art Journal, Volume 4, No. 2, Summer 2003, pp.57–65. Ernst Vegelin van Claerbergen, 'Everything connected with Rubens interests me': collecting Rubens' oil sketches: the case of Count <mask>n' in Natalya Gritsay, Alexey Larionov, Stephanie-Suzanne Durante and Ernst Vegelin van Claerbergen, Rubens: A Touch of Brilliance (London, 2003)
 Brian Sewell, Outsider II - Always Almost: Never Quite, An Autobiography (London, 2012), pp. 128–133

Auction catalogues:
 'Early Chinese Ceramics, Archaic Bronzes, Paintings and Works of Art: the Property of the Estate of the Late Count <mask>n, sold by Order of Beneficiaries.' Christie's, London, 1982
 'Albrecht Dürer: Prints from the Collection of the late Count <mask>n.' Christie's, London, 1998
 'The Count Oswald Seilern Collection: from the library of the late Count Oswald Seilern;

masks:
Antoine Edward
Antoine Seiler
Antoine Seiler
Antoine Seiler
Antoine Seiler
Antoine Seiler


texts:
 with two additions from the collection of the late Count <mask>n.' Christie's, London, 2003

External links
 Uni Wien | Anton Seilern
 Familie Seilern | <mask>n

1901 births
1978 deaths
English art collectors
Counts of Austria
English art historians
People from Farnham
20th-century English historians
20th-century art collectors
British Army personnel of World War II
Royal Artillery soldiers
Intelligence Corps

masks:
Antoine Seiler
Antoine Seiler


texts:
<mask> (born July 25, 1966) is a Mexican former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2001. He was a two-weight world champion, having held the WBC mini flyweight title from 1990 to 1998, defending it against a record-breaking 21 opponents; the WBA and WBO mini flyweight titles between 1997 and 1998; and the IBF junior flyweight title from 1999 until his retirement in 2001. He is one of just fifteen world boxing champions to retire without a loss. He is the father of undefeated former boxer <mask>. Amateur career
<mask> would win four consecutive Guantes de Oro de México Championships from 1981 to 1984. He turned pro without having ever lost an amateur bout and is now known as one of the best amateur boxers to ever step in the ring. Professional career
On January 18, 1985, <mask> made his professional debut at the age of 18 by scoring a third round knockout of Rogelio Hernandez.He accumulated a record of 26–0 before receiving his first shot at a world title. WBC mini flyweight champion
On October 10, 1990, <mask> defeated WBC and lineal mini flyweight champion Hideyuki Ohashi of Japan via fifth-round knockout to win his first world title. In 1991, he defeated Korean former champion Kyung-Yung Lee (20–1). In 1992, he defended his title against
Pretty Boy Lucas (22–2–2) of the Philippines and Rocky Lin (14–0) of Taiwan. <mask> started 1993 with a stoppage victory over amateur standout Kwang-Soo Oh and followed it with a knockout over future two-time champion Saman Sorjaturong of Thailand. Sorjaturong was knocked down once in the first round and twice in the second round before the referee stopped the bout. Later that year, he knocked out Filipino former champion Manny

masks:
Ricardo López Nava
Alonso López
López
Ricardo
López
López


texts:
 Melchor in the eleventh round.In his tenth title defense, <mask> defeated future champion Kermin Guardia (21–0) by unanimous decision. He knocked out Surachai Saengmorakot (10–0) in the first round of his next bout. In 1995, he defeated Andy Tabanas (30–2) of the Philippines via twelfth-round knockout. In his next bout, he defeated another Filipino boxer and founder of the famous "Ala Gym" Ala Villamor (29–1–1) by knockout. In early 1997, there had been a plan in the works for <mask> to move up in weight to challenge junior flyweight champion Michael Carbajal, however, the plan was upended when Carbajal lost his title in an upset loss. <mask> would go on to defend his title against Mongkol Charoen (20–1). WBO and WBA mini flyweight champion
In his 20th world title bout, <mask> unified his WBC title by defeating WBO mini flyweight champion Alex Sánchez (25–1) of Puerto Rico via fifth-round knockout.After <mask> won the WBO title, he said he wanted to give his championship belt to his father, who is a boxing fan. His statement to Mexican newspapers prompted the organization to take away <mask>' title and sanction a match between Eric Jamili and Mickey Cantwell to fill the vacancy. "It was enough for us," said the WBO president, Francisco Valcarcel, of <mask>' intention. "That's a public resignation." Dwight Manley, <mask>' agent, said <mask> should have had a hearing before the WBO took away his title. "He got no letter, he got no telephone call," Manley said. On March 7, 1998, <mask> fought undefeated WBA mini flyweight champion Rosendo Álvarez to a technical draw after referee Arthur Mercante Sr. stopped the contest following an accidental clash of heads in the seventh round.In

masks: López López López López López López López López López López


texts:
 the rematch, Álvarez came in over the mini flyweight limit and was subsequently stripped of his title. Due to the weight disparity, the fight was in jeopardy. However, <mask> chose to proceed with the contest against the heavier Álvarez with only <mask> eligible to claim the now vacant WBA title. <mask> defeated Álvarez by split decision to claim his third mini flyweight title. After the fight, he vacated his titles in order to move up in weight. IBF junior flyweight champion
In his first bout at junior flyweight, <mask> defeated IBF champion Will Grigsby of the U.S by Unanimous Decision... He defended his title against former champion Ratanapol Sor Vorapin.On September 29, 2001, <mask> knocked out Zolani Petelo, who had recently vacated his IBF mini flyweight title, the only mini flyweight title that <mask> had not claimed before moving up in weight. He officially announced his retirement from boxing at a press conference on November 27, 2002, in Mexico City. Retirement
<mask> was the third champion in history to retire undefeated and the first to do so as both an amateur and professional fighter. He also shares with Rocky Marciano and Floyd Mayweather Jr. the record for most consecutive title bouts without a loss (twenty-six). This streak began with his knockout of Hideyuki Ohashi to win the WBC mini flyweight title in 1990 and ended with his knockout of Zolani Petelo to defend his IBF junior flyweight title in 2001. <mask> only had one draw, which came against Rosendo Álvarez in 1998 in <mask>'s 48th bout and was avenged in the rematch eight months later. His final record was 51 wins (38 knockouts), 0 losses and 1 draw.Life after boxing
<mask> now works as a boxing

masks:
López
López
López
López
López
López
Ricardo López
Ricardo
López
López


texts:
 broadcaster for the Mexican Televisa network. Honors
<mask> was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame and World Boxing Hall of Fame in 2007. <mask> "El Finito" <mask> was voted as the greatest Strawweight and Light Flyweight Champion ever by the Houston Boxing Hall Of Fame in 2014, while BoxRec rates him the best Minimumweight of all time. The Houston Boxing Hall Of Fame is a voting body composed entirely of current and former fighters. Professional boxing record

See also
List of minimumweight boxing champions
List of WBC world champions
List of WBO world champions
List of WBA world champions
List of IBF world champions
List of Mexican boxing world champions
List of people from Morelos, Mexico

References

External links

<mask> - CBZ Profile

Mexican male boxers
Boxers from Morelos
Sportspeople from Cuernavaca
International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees
World Boxing Council champions
World Boxing Organization champions
World Boxing Association champions
International Boxing Federation champions
Light-flyweight boxers
World light-flyweight boxing champions
Mini-flyweight boxers
World mini-flyweight boxing champions
Undefeated world boxing champions
Boxers at the 1991 Pan American Games
1966 births
Living people
Pan American Games competitors for

masks:
López
Ricardo
López
Ricardo López


texts:
<mask> (17 July 1946 – 13 December 2021) was an Italian animation historian, author, and professor. Life and career
Born in Ravenna, Italy, and raised in Milan, <mask> started his career as a journalist and at the same time a self-funded scholar. He turned to full-time academic teaching by 2002. <mask> has lectured on several continents, and particularly in Italy. In 2002 he first received the Award for Outstanding Achievement in Animation Theory from the Animafest Zagreb. In 2016 Asifa (Association internationale du Film d'animation) granted him the Life Achievement Award. In 2019, he received an Honorary Doctorate from Universidade Lusófona.He died on 13 December 2021, at the age of 75. Works
Bendazzi authored or edited many books and articles. He is best known for his book "Cartoons − 100 Years of Cinema Animation"  (Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1994), a history of the medium, published in Italian, English, French, Spanish and Persian. This book has been considered the definitive work on the subject for animation students and scholars. But in 2016, the three-tome "Animation - A World History" was published by CRC Press    (Italian version "Animazione - una storia globale", Milan, Utet, 2017). Bendazzi also edited "Alexeieff – Itinéraire d’un maître / Itinerary of a Master"  (Paris: Dreamland, 2001 in English and French, about the well-known author of avant-garde short films), and "Quirino Cristiani, pionero del cine de animación" (Buenos Aires: Ediciones de la Flor, 2008, in Spanish, about the author of the first animated feature-length films (English version

masks:
Giannalberto Bendazzi
Bendazzi
Bendazzi


texts:
 "Twice the First - Quirino Cristiani and the Animated Feature Film", CRC Press). Bendazzi also wrote books on live-action cinema, on Woody Allen and Mel Brooks.Publications

 "Animation - A World History", CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 2016 and 2017. "Twice the First - Quirino Cristiani and the Animated Feature Film", CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 2017. (ed. with Marco Bellano) "Animation Journal" 2017, Vol. 25, Special Issue on Italian Animation. Santa Clarita, CA, USA, 2017. "Quirino Cristiani, pionero del cine de animación", Ediciones de la Flor, Buenos Aires, 2008."L'uomo che anticipò Disney", Tunué, Latina, 2007. (ed.) "Il cinema d'animazione e la nuova critica", Cuem, Milan, 2006. (ed.) "Animazione e realismo", by Midhat Ajanovic, Cuem, Milan, 2005. "Lezioni sul cinema d’animazione", Cuem, Milan, 2004, 2005. (booklet) "Alexandre Alexeieff – Poemes de llum i ombra / Poemas de luz y sombra / Poems of Light and Shadow", Sitges 03, Festival Internacional de Cinema de Catalunya, Barcelona, 2003.(ed.) "La fabbrica dell’animazione. Bruno Bozzetto nell'industria culturale italiana", Il Castoro, Milan, 2003. (booklet) "I continenti dell’animazione", Cuem, Milan, 2002, 2003. (ed.) "Alexeieff - Itinéraire d’un maître / Itinerary of a Master", Dreamland, Paris, 2001. (booklet) "Le tour de l’animation en 84 films – Joyaux d’un siècle / The Tour of Animation in 84 Films – Jewels of a Century", Festival International du Film d’Animation, Annecy, 2000."Bruno Bozzetto – Animazione Primo amore", Isca, Milan, 1972. Croatian/English edition, Zagreb Animation Festival, 1998. (ed.)


texts: "Coloriture – Voci, rumori, musiche nel cinema d’animazione", Pendragon, Bologna, 1995. (ed.) "Il movimento creato – Studi e documenti di ventisei saggisti sul cinema d’animazione", Pluriverso, Turin, 1993. "Cartoons – Cento anni di cinema d’animazione / Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation", Italian edition: Marsilio, Venice, 1988, 1992.French edition: Liana Lévi, Paris, 1992. English edition: John Libbey/Indiana University Press, London/Bloomington, 1994, 1995, 1999, 2003. Spanish edition: Ocho y Medio, Madrid, 2003. Persian edition:Yeksad Sal Cinemaye Animation, Tehran, 2007. "Le cinéma d’animation", La Pensée Sauvage, Grenoble, 1985. (booklet) "La zuzzurellinea – Osvaldo Cavandoli e l’animazione", Incontri Internazionali con gli Autori di Cinema d’Animazione, Genoa, 1985. "Woody Allen − Il comico piú intelligente e l’intelligenza piú comica", Fabbri (later RCS), Milan, 1984, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1995.French edition: Liana Levi, Paris, 1986, 1989, 1991. English edition: Ravette, London, 1987. German edition: Treves, Trier, 1990, 1998. Hungarian edition: Alexandra Kiado, Budapest, 1994. Spanish edition: Orbis, Barcelona, 1995. (ed., booklet) "Pages d’Alexeieff", AAA, Annecy, 1983. Italian edition: Incontri Internazionali con gli Autori di Cinema d’Animazione, Genoa, 1984."Due volte l’oceano – Vita di Quirino Cristiani, pioniere del cinema d’animazione", La casa Usher, Florence, 1983. (booklet) "Appeso a una matita – Il cinema d’animazione di Guido Manuli", Incontri Internazionali con gli Autori di Cinema d’Animazione, Genoa, 1983. "Mel Brooks – L’ultima follia di


texts:
 Hollywood", Il Formichiere, Milan, 1977. French edition: Glénat, Paris, 1980. "Topolino e poi", Il Formichiere, Milan, 1978. "Woody Allen", La Nuova Italia, Florence, 1976 and 1979. "La Freccia Azzurra" (The Blue Arrow), article for AWN, 1997."History of Portuguese Animation Cinema", article for AWN, 2002. "A Letter To A Master" - (Italian) "Lettera A Un Maestro", posthumous letter to Giorgio "Max" Massimino-Garniér, article for AWN, 2000. "Icelandic Animation", article for AWN, 1996. "Il Paese degli animali (Animaland)", article for AWN, 1997. References

 Rollins, P. P. (1996). <mask>, Giannaberto. Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation.Journal of Popular Culture, 30(2), 199. M. C., J. J. (1996). Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation. Design Issues, 12(1), 78. Christov-Bakargiev, C. (2003). Animations / [Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev ; edited by Klaus Biesenbach].Berlin : KW - Institute for Contemporary Art ; New York : D.A.P./Distributed Art Publishers, [2003?]. (Japanese Periodical Index) 権藤//俊司. (2006). <mask> <mask>とCartoons—アニメーションの世界史を書くということ. アニメーション研究 / 日本アニメーション学会機関誌編集委員会 編, (1), 40-42. <mask>@@Bendazzi, Emilia@@Ippolito /, 訳., & Paula@@Burnett /, 訳. (2006).African Cinema Animation. アニメーション研究 / 日本アニメーション学会機関誌編集委員会 編, (1), 49-55. External links
 Personal Website. (In Italian) Fondazione Franco Fossati - Museo del fumetto, dell'illustrazione e dell'immagine animata. 1946 births
2021 deaths
Historians of animation
21st-century Italian writers
21st-century Italian male writers
People from Ravenna
20th-century Italian writers
20th-century Italian male

masks: Bendazzi Giannalberto Bendazzi Giannalberto


texts:
<mask> (born April 1, 1958) is an American horror and dark fantasy author, and a pioneer in the field of e-publishing. He maintains a strong Internet presence through his website. Early life
Born in Alexandria, Virginia to a "family of artists", Clegg had "scribbled stories" from a young age and then started typing them at age 8 when his parents brought home a typewriter. One of his first tales was an adventure about his pet mockingbird, which had recently died. His first horror story was for a school assignment at Sleepy Hollow School about St. Patrick’s Day, in which snakes take their revenge on St. Patrick and the people of Dublin. Clegg wrote his first novella-length work, called Asylum, at age 17. Clegg graduated from Washington and Lee University, with a degree in English Literature.Writing career

<mask> finished writing his first novel, Goat Dance, in 1987. Pocket Books published it in 1989, and Goat Dance was nominated for Outstanding First Novel by the Horror Writers Association. Pocket also published his second, third, and fourth novels, Breeder (1990), Neverland (1991) and Dark of the Eye (1994). <mask>'s next novel, The Children's Hour (1995), was published by Dell, but the imprint dropped its horror line four months later, leaving him without a publisher. His sixth novel, Bad Karma (1997), written under the pseudonym Andrew Harper, was published by Kensington Books, and later adapted for the screen by Randall Frakes. The resulting 2002 film, directed by John Hough and starring Patsy Kensit, was released as Bad Karma internationally and as Hell's Gate in the United States. In March 1999, Clegg announced that he would be distributing his new

masks:
Douglas Clegg
Clegg
Clegg


texts: ghost novel Naomi in serial installments via email.Naomi debuted in May 1999 and became the Internet's first publisher-sponsored e-serial. Publishers Weekly called it "arguably, the first major work of fiction to originate in cyberspace." Some four thousand mailing list subscribers received free chapters of Naomi on a weekly basis, boosting print numbers for the 2001 Leisure Books paperback version from the low 50,000 range to over 125,000. Clegg found a new publishing home with Dorchester's Leisure imprint, a small New York publisher committed to its horror line. Leisure brought out The Halloween Man in 1998, Clegg's short story collection The Nightmare Chronicles, (which won the Bram Stoker Award and the International Horror Guild Award) in 1999, and two novels, You Come When I Call You and Mischief, in 2000. Also that year, Cemetery Dance Publications published the print edition of Clegg's novella Purity, which Clegg had made available for free download on his website, and the author launched another e-book, Nightmare House, which was serialized on a weekly basis on the DouglasClegg mailing list at Onelist.com. A bidding war erupted between three companies for sponsorship of the mailing list for the duration of the serial.Cemetery Dance won, and paid Clegg a five-figure fee for his free email novel, which was published in hardcover the following year. Cemetery Dance also sponsored the Harrow Haunting website, which offered readers multi-media along with the e-book. A Nightmare House sequel, The Infinite, became Leisure's first hardcover in 2001. Since then, Clegg has published several other novels and collections, including the 2004 Shocker Award-winning


texts: collection, The Machinery of Night. His current publishers include Cemetery Dance Publications, Tor Books, Berkley/Ace, Leisure Books, and Wildside Press. Under the pseudonym Andrew Harper, the novels Red Angel and Night Cage also were released. Clegg's Harrow series includes Nightmare House (1999), Mischief (2000), The Infinite (2001) and The Abandoned (2005), as well as the prequel novellas The Necromancer (2003) and Isis (2006).The Vampyricon trilogy, a dark fantasy series about vampirism and mythology set in an alternate medieval history, includes The Priest of Blood (2005), The Lady of Serpents (2006) and The Queen of Wolves (2007). The Priest of Blood hit the extended New York Times bestseller list in hardcover in late 2005. In 2006 <mask> also began his Mordred trilogy with Mordred, Bastard Son. The novel was nominated for a 2006 Lambda Literary Award for LGBT Science Fiction/Fantasy/Horror. In 2009, Lonely Road Books announced that they would be publishing The Vampyricon Trilogy: The Definitive Special Edition. The book was scheduled to include all three of the Vampyricon novels, re-edited by the author, as well as an addendum of around 50 to 100 pages of exclusive "deleted scenes" and "lost material" and color and black and white artwork by Erin Wells. Lonely Road announced two editions: a Limited Edition of 300 copies and a Lettered Edition of 52 copies.Directed by John Hough and starring Patsy Kensit, the film was released as Hell's Gate in the United States. In a 2012 interview, Clegg praised Kensit's performance but noted, "in general it’s not a very good movie." Several of Clegg's other works have been optioned for film, including The


texts:
 Attraction, The Hour Before Dark, Dark of the Eye and The Children’s Hour, but none have yet to be produced. Critical reception
Horror author Peter Straub said of Clegg in 2002, "<mask>g has become the new star in horror fiction, and The Hour Before Dark is his best and most exciting novel to date. This is pure imagination, and it is wearing speed skates." Publishers Weekly called The Hour Before Dark "suspenseful and relentlessly spooky" and "at once the most artful and most mainstream tale yet from one of horror's brightest lights." Publishers Weekly also singled out The Words, Clegg's contribution to the 2002 novella anthology Four Dark Nights, as the only entry which "uses its expansive length to build the atmosphere and tension crucial for orchestrating its unsettling events."Awards and nominations

Personal life
Clegg lives in Connecticut with his husband and business partner, Raul Silva. After 16 years together, Clegg and Silva were joined in a civil union on November 17, 2005. They were legally married on November 17, 2008. The couple have a menagerie of rescued pets and enjoy canoeing, hiking and bicycling. References

External links

 <mask> profile - Cemetery Dance Publications
 About <mask>g - DouglasClegg.com

1958 births
Living people
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American fantasy writers
American horror writers
American male novelists
Novelists from Virginia
American LGBT novelists
LGBT people from Virginia
American male short story writers
20th-century American short story writers
21st-century American short story writers
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers
21st-century

masks:
Douglas Cleg
Douglas Clegg
Douglas Cleg


texts:
<mask> (1948–2020) was a Dutch film director, film writer and editor based in Berlin, Germany. He was born into a Bulgarian-German family in Amsterdam and was raised in The Netherlands, Spain, Sierra Leone and Germany. <mask> is the recipient of the 2013 Prins Bernhard Cultuurfonds for his contribution to the documentary genre. He was the 2014 Laureate of the Aster Award, a prize he received for ‘high achievements in European and world film art’. Career

<mask> came into prominence with his film, People I Could Have Been and Maybe Am (2010), which won twelve international awards: IDFA Best Mid-Length Doc Award, Amsterdam, 2010; Visions du Réel , Best Direction Mid-Length Doc, Nyon, 2011; Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival, Honourable Mention for Mid-Length Documentary, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2011; Beldocs, International Federation Of Film Critics Award (FIPRESCI), Belgrade, Serbia, 2011; Open City, The London Documentary Festival, Time Out Best City Film Award, London, United Kingdom, 2011; Pärnu Documentary Film Festival, Most Innovative Documentary, Estonia, 2011; Dokufest, Best International Feature Documentary, Prizren, Kosovo, 2011; A Man's Shadow Film Festival, Audience Award, Pwêêdi Wiimîâ, 2011;
Festival dei popoli, Best Ethno-Anthropological Film, Florence, 2011; E-dox festival, E-DOX Jury Award, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2011; ZagrebDox, My Generation Award, Zagreb, Croatia, 2012; and Taiwan International Documentary Film Festival, Grand Prize International Mid-length & Short, Taipei, 2012. This is an excerpt from the Visions Du Réel jury statement about Gerrets’ film:
A loving

masks:
Boris Gerrets
Gerrets
Gerrets


texts: relationship and a proper distance between a director and his characters makes possible a sensitive and accurate social portrait of souls adrift without ever placing us as a voyeur, however profoundly intimate the story that unfolds before us. The portable phone, a tool gadget becomes the ideal camera and the director’s play of shadows and lights reveal a poetry of survival and melancholy until the very climax of the reggae blues at the end of the movie.His recent film, Shado’man (2014) was awarded the 2014 AVANCA Television Prize. The Hollywood Reporter wrote, ‘At once stylish and gritty, this is a solid, serious and promisingly distinctive feature-length debut’, veteran film journalist Jennifer Merin described it as ‘a dramatic documentary that, despite its darkness, illuminates the dignity of his subjects’ while Open Democracy states that ‘Director <mask> demonstrates that dignity and humanity can exist even in the most seemingly undignified and inhumane living conditions’. <mask> has conducted Master Classes in Film at Escuela Internacional de Cine y Televisión Cuba, EICTV (2013), EDN Seoul, Korea (2011) and Centro de Capacitación Cinematográfica Mexico City, (CCC) (2011). He was the tutor for the IDFA-Mediafonds Workshop  in 2014 and 2015; and was the external examiner and mentor for the Master's Degree Programme in Film at the Netherlands Film and Television Academy, Amsterdam in 2014. <mask> was among the filmmakers who were asked to contribute to the 2014 documentary survey conducted by Sight and Sound and has been a member of the jury at Visions du Réel, Nyon (2012) and IDFA, Amsterdam


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<mask>, Sardauna of Sokoto (12 June 1910 – 15 January 1966), knighted as Sir <mask>, was a conservative Nigerian statesman who masterminded Northern Nigeria through the independence of Nigeria in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966, in which capacity he dominated national affairs for over a decade. He was also the leader of the Northern Peoples Congress, the ruling party at the time consisting of the Hausa-Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics. Early years
<mask> was born in Rabah c. 1910 to the family of <mask>. His father held the title of Sarkin Rabah. He is a descendant of Uthman dan Fodio founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, a great grandson of <mask> and a grandson of Sultan Atiku na Raba.He is a descendant of a Toronkawa (Torodbe) family that are partly  Arabs and partly Fulani as stated by Abdullahi dan Fodio, brother of Usman dan Fodio, the clan is claimed to descent from the Arabs through Uqba ibn Nafi who was an Arab Muslim of the Umayyad branch of the Quraysh, and hence, a member of the family of the Prophet, Uqba ibn Nafi allegedly married a Fulani woman called Bajjumangbu through which the Torodbe family of Usman dan Fodio descended. Caliph Muhammed <mask> writing in his book Infaq al-Mansur claimed descent from Prophet Muhammad through his paternal grandmother's lineage called Hawwa (mother of Usman dan Fodio), Alhaji Muhammadu Junaidu, Wazirin Sokoto, a scholar of Fulani history, restated the claims of Shaykh Abdullahi bin Fodio in respect of the Danfodio family been part Arabs and part Fulani, while <mask> <mask> in his autobiography written after independence replicated Caliph's Muhammadu <mask> claim of descent from the Arabs through Usman Danfodio's mother, the

masks:
Ahmadu Ibrahim Bello
Ahmadu Bello
Bello
Mallam Ibrahim Bello
Sultan Muhammad Bello
Bello
Ahmadu
Bello
Bello


texts: historical account indicates that the family of Shehu dan Fodio are partly Arabs and partly Fulani who culturally assimilated with the Hausas and can be described as Hausa-Fulani Arabs. Prior to the beginning of the 1804 Jihad the category Fulani was not important for the Torankawa (Torodbe), their literature reveals the ambivalence they had defining Torodbe-Fulani relationships. They adopted the language of the Fulbe and much ethos while maintaining a separate identity. The Toronkawa clan at first recruited members from all levels of Sūdānī society, particularly the poorer people. Toronkawa clerics included people whose origin was Fula, Wolof, Mande, Hausa and Berber. However, they spoke the Fula language, married into Fulbe families, and became the Fulbe scholarly caste.He received Islamic education at home, where he learnt the Qur'an, Islamic jurisprudence and the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad. He later attended Sokoto Provincial School and the Katsina Training College (now Barewa College). During his school days, he was known as <mask> Rabah. Some also called him Gamji growing up He finished school in 1931 and subsequently became the English teacher in Sokoto Middle School. In 1934, <mask> was made the District Head of Rabah by Sultan Hassan dan Mu'azu, succeeding his brother. In 1938, he was promoted to the position of Divisional Head of Gusau (in present-day Zamfara State) and became a member of the Sultan's council. In 1938, at the age of just 28, he made attempts to become the Sultan of Sokoto but was not successful, losing to Sir Siddiq Abubakar III who reigned for 50 years until his death in 1988.The new Sultan immediately made Sir <mask> <mask> the Sardauna (Crown Prince) of Sokoto, a chieftaincy title, and promoted him to the Sokoto Native Authority Council. These titles automatically made him the Chief Political Adviser to the Sultan. Later, he was put in charge of the Sokoto Province to oversee 47

masks: Ahmadu Bello Ahmadu Bello


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 districts and by 1944, he was back at the Sultan's Palace to work as the Chief Secretary of the State Native Administration. Early political career

In the 1940s, he joined Jamiyya Mutanen Arewa which would later become the Northern People's Congress (NPC) in 1951. In 1948, he traveled to England on a government scholarship to study Local Government Administration, which broadened his understanding and knowledge of governance. Young politician
After returning from Britain, he was nominated to represent the province of Sokoto in the regional House of Assembly. As a member of the assembly, he was a notable voice for northern interests and embraced a style of consultation and consensus with the major representatives of the northern emirates namely Kano, Bornu and Sokoto.He was selected among with others as a member of a committee that redrafted the Richards Constitution and he also attended a general conference in Ibadan. His work at the assembly and in the constitution drafting committee brought him appreciation in the north and he was asked to take on leadership positions within Jamiyya Mutanen Arewa. In the first elections held in Northern Nigeria in 1952, Sir <mask> <mask> won a seat in the Northern House of Assembly, and became a member of the regional executive council as minister of works. <mask> was successfully minister of Works, of Local Government, and of Community Development in the Northern Region of Nigeria. In 1954, <mask> became the first Premier of Northern Nigeria. Independence of Nigeria
In the 1959 independence elections, <mask> led the NPC to win a plurality of the parliamentary seats. <mask>'s NPC forged an alliance with Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe's NCNC (National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons) to form Nigeria's first indigenous federal government which led to independence from Britain.In forming the 1960 independence federal government of the Nigeria, <mask> as president of the NPC, chose to remain

masks: Ahmadu Bello Bello Bello Bello Bello Bello


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 Premier of Northern Nigeria and devolved the position of Prime Minister of the Federation to the deputy president of the NPC, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. Premier of Northern Nigeria
<mask> originally embraced the Indirect rule system of colonial Nigeria before gradually embracing reforms. During his period of premiership, his biographer, John Paden described him as a progressive conservative, because he was an agent of change and also of the traditional elites. <mask>'s leadership characteristics was a blend of religious, traditional and modern values and his obligation in colonial and post-independence Nigeria was performing these different roles in the northern region. Northernisation
Due to a limited number of qualified graduates from the region, Sir <mask> <mask> instated the northernisation of the regions public service. Administration in the North was through indirect rule and Western education was not considered very important in many divisions. After the regionalization of the public service, political leaders in the region felt that the number of Northerners in the service was minimal in comparison to their counterparts in the South.Due to political considerations, leaders in the region limited the recruitment of Southerners into the Northern regional service and found ways to push up the ranks of northerners in junior and senior position. The leaders retained the services of expatriates,  because Northerners regarded expatriates as transients but feared southern domination of the regional civil service. Measures were put in place to train northerners; in 1949, a scholarship board provided grants to almost all Northerners with qualifications to enter universities. In 1957, administration courses were taught at the Institute of Administration in Zaria. Apart from trying to fill positions in the civil service with Northerners, political leaders in the zone also made it a priority to secure Northern representation in

masks: Bello Bello Ahmadu Bello


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 senior positions of the Federal service. Economy
Various institutions were created under Bello, including the Northern Nigeria Development Corporation (NNDC), Bank of the North and Northern Nigeria Investments Ltd (NNIL). NNDC was an holding company with capital sourced from the region's marketing board while NNIL was a partnership between the Commonwealth Development Corporation and NNDC created to assist in the industrial development in Northern Nigeria.Education
<mask> initiated plans to modernise traditional Koranic education in Northern Nigeria. He set up a commission to this effect and gave official recognition to the schools. The commission recommended the introduction of secular subjects in the schools and creation of different classes for pupils. Part of his educational objectives was building a school in each province in Northern Nigeria. Final years
<mask>'s final years were characterized by his earlier years. A major priority of his was making sure the region was at par politically and economically with the Western and Eastern regions. This contributed to the decision to replace both Southerners and Europeans in the Northern region's civil services with Northerners, a policy that received criticism from opposition leaders such as Ibrahim Imam.Coup warnings and predictions
Prior to the 1966 Nigerian coup d'etat, Bello received warnings from the Premier of the Western Region Samuel Akintola, and Brigadier Samuel Ademulegun. Assassination
On 15 January 1966, <mask> was assassinated by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu an Igbo Nigerian Army officer in a coup which toppled Nigeria's post-independence government. He was still serving as premier of Northern Nigeria at the time. This was the first coup in the history of Nigeria, which heralded the rise of the military in the country's politics. Also assassinated in the coup was his long time friend Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa alongside many political elites in the

masks: Bello Bello Bello


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 north and in the west. Bello had three wives at the time of his death. Hafsatu, his senior wife, died alongside him.He had three surviving daughters with another wife, Amina (Goggon Kano). His eldest daughter was Inno, followed by Aisha and Lubabatu. Legacy and memory
<mask>'s greatest legacy was the modernization and unification of the diverse people of Northern Nigeria. Reputation
<mask> <mask> believed that every Nigerian, and all human beings are created equally, that they are endowed by God with rights among which are life, liberty, equal opportunity, blessings and the legitimate pursuit of happiness. Throughout his political career and before, he espoused high morality and intellectual virtues. Place names
A number of localities and monuments around the country have been named in Sardauna's honour. They include:

 The Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria is named after him.His portrait adorns the 200 naira banknote. Gallery

See also

 Nigerian First Republic

Further reading

<mask> <mask>; My Life, Cambridge University Press, 1962. References

Citations

Cited sources

External links
 200 Naira note
 Sir <mask> <mask>, and Muhammadu Sanusi I Visiting the United Nations, New York City, July 1960
 The Sardauna of Sokoto Hosting UK Prime Minister Harold Macmillan in Northern Nigeria, January 1960
Sardauna Hosts Princess Alexandra at Sokoto Durbar | Independence Celebrations | Oct. 1960

1910 births
1966 deaths
Nigerian recipients of British titles
Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Politicians from Sokoto State
Nigerian knights
Nigerian Muslims
Nigerian royalty
Assassinated Nigerian politicians
People murdered in Nigeria
Northern People's Congress politicians
20th-century Nigerian politicians
People of colonial Nigeria
Dan Fodio family
1960s murders in Nigeria
1966 crimes in Nigeria
1966 murders in Africa
Nigerian Fula people
Nigerian people of Arab descent
African people of Arab descent
People of Arab

masks: Bello Ahmadu Bello Ahmadu Bello Ahmadu Bello


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<mask><mask> (July 27, 1850 – April 24, 1900) was a minister and leader in the Baptist church from Savannah, Georgia. He was pastor of one of the largest churches in the country and was a prominent activist for black civil rights and anti-lynching laws. He played an important role in establishing separate black Baptist national organizations and advocating for black leadership of Baptist institutions, especially schools. Early life
<mask> was born a slave on July 27, 1850 near Marion, Alabama in Perry County. He was largely uneducated and worked on a farm until 1870 when he entered Lincoln University in Marion where he studied until 1872. He returned to farm work that year and November 17, 1872 he enrolled in the Augusta Institute (later renamed Morehouse College) in Augusta, Georgia under Reverend Joseph T. Robert. On December 12, 1875 he was ordained in the Baptist church.He graduated in 1877 and was appointed missionary for the state of Georgia by the American Baptist Home Mission Society of New York and the Georgia Mission Society. On July 1, 1879 he resigned to take charge of the First Baptist Church in Thomasville, Georgia. He resigned this post and returned to the position of missionary for the State on October 1, 1881, this time under the auspices of the American Baptist Publication Society. On October 1, 1885 he resigned to accept another charge, pastor to the First African Baptist Church in Savannah, Georgia. This church was one of the largest churches in the world at that time. About that time, he was appointed editor of the Centennial Record and the Georgia Sentinel a Baptist journal and a Baptist Newspaper. Black separatism in Baptist leadership
In the 1880s American Baptist leadership was dominated by white, segregationist leaders.<mask> saw this as unjust, and pushed for more publication of racial issues by the American Baptist Publication Society, and proposed a separate black Baptist publication group. In the late 1880s, <mask> and William J. White were leaders in the separatist factions and called for greater representation of black leaders in Baptist organizations, as well as for black presidents at the Atlanta Baptist College and

masks:
Emanuel K
. Love
Love
Love
Love


texts:
 Spelman College and more representation in the boards of trustees of the schools. In 1887, <mask>, White, and James C. Bryan were noted for calling for black leadership at the Atlanta Baptist Seminary. <mask>'s outspokenness led to his promotion to official leadership within the black Baptist church. In 1888, <mask> was elected president of the colored Baptist Foreign Mission convention in Nashville, Tennessee. Rev.M. W. Gilbert of Nashville was elected vice president, J. J. Spellman of Jackson, Mississippi secretary and J. E. Farrier of Richmond, Virginia treasurer. Also in 1888, <mask> was among the leaders of a group of 350 leading black Georgians met to push for education legislation and to opposed discrimination, particularly in chain gangs, Jim Crow laws on public transportation, lynch law, disenfranchisement, and jury selection. That year, he published a history of black Baptist churches in America. Baxley affair

In Thomasville and Savannah in the late 1870s and the 1880s, <mask> was lauded by the white Baptist community for his work. This support did not extend to the broader white community, nor did it continue in the late 1880s. In 1889, he  was among a delegation to travel from Georgia to attend the annual meeting of the black Baptist Foreign Mission Convention in Indianapolis. The train on the East Tennessee, Virginia, and Georgia Railroad had only a first-class car and a smoking car.The delegates opposed smoking and drinking and desired to sit in a first-class car. They had been promised that a segregated first-class car would be provided, but it was not, and the black men found seats for themselves in the white first-class car. White passengers and rail conductors were unhappy and sent a telegram down the line informing people about the infraction. A black porter notified <mask> about the spread of the news, and once the train stopped at the next stop in Baxley, Georgia, a mob boarded the train and demanded the delegation leave. When they refused, they were attacked and beaten and <mask> believed that they would have been killed without the interference of the conductor. Five of the delegates including <mask> and Rev. C. K. Spratling

masks: Love Love Love Love Love Love Love Love


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 pushed on and went to Indianapolis.They also published an article describing the event which was republished widely. At the convention, <mask> was elected president and Solomon T. Clanton, J. E. Jones, and J. E. Farrer officers while vice presidents were selected from the various states. A committee of nearly twenty men were selected to go to Washington and demand protection for blacks in the South taking special notice of the attack on <mask> and Spratling. The Convention also succeeded at pressuring the American Baptist Publication Society to promise to publish articles by black leaders Walter H. Brooks, William J. Simmons, and <mask> in its journal, the Baptist Teacher. When white leaders in the society reneged on this promise, the group organized the National Baptist Publishing Board to publish the writings of black Baptist leaders. American Baptist Publication Society leader Benjamin Griffith claimed that no affront was intended and endeavored to expand black representation in the society and in its publications. For their outspokenness, <mask> and the two others were forced out of the American Baptist Publication Board in 1889.Conflicts in the 1890s

In 1890, <mask> and Richard R. Wright Sr. were in a dispute with William White, Judson Lyons, Henry A. Rucker, and especially John H. Deveaux, who was in control of Georgia's African American Republic Party machinery. The dispute centered around leadership of the party district nomination conventions. Lyons, Rucker, and Deveaux were all supported by patronage of Booker T. Washington of the Tuskegee Institute and were identified with light-skinned elites, while <mask> and Wright (and Charles T. Walker) represented a "black" or "darker-skinned" faction, although skin color was not as important as political allegiance and ideology. Dispute within the Baptist church continued as well, and by 1890, <mask> and Bryan were calling for blacks to stop participating in the American Baptist Missionary Society's educational programs, although White was more friendly, and in 1892, the dispute led to separatism at the state convention. In 1893, a group within <mask>'s congregation at the First African Baptist


texts:
 Church in Savannah sought to remove <mask>. They made several charges of immorality against him, but were unable to establish their case. At the 1893 black state Baptist convention, cooperationists supported Charles T. Walker for president of the group while separatists supported <mask>.The accusations against <mask> complicated the issue, but he still won the election. As a result of the conflict within his church, about 1,000 members left to form another branch - since the total size of the congregation was as many as 5,000, this did not cripple the church. About this time William E. Holmes, before an opponent of <mask> and White, changed his position and supported the separatist cause. <mask>'s leadership in the church continued, however. In 1895, he was corresponding secretary of the Colored Baptist Foreign Mission Convention, with E. C. Morris president and S. T. Clanton and J. L. Dart as fellow officers. In 1896, <mask> was president of the separatist General Missionary Baptist Convention and continued to advocate black decision makers in prominent positions, especially in leadership of schools for black students. However, he was no longer in accord with William White.White was working with American Baptist Home Missionary Society secretary, Thomas J. Morgan, to repair the strains, but their work only further alienated <mask>, who was becoming increasingly supportive of black nationalism. In 1897, White was editor of the Georgia Baptist and succeeded in isolating <mask> in <mask>'s call for a separate, black Baptist college, although <mask> did succeed in gaining support for the Publishing Board of the National Baptist Convention. Republican politics

In 1896, Alfred Eliab Buck was the leader of the Georgia Republican Party. Buck was the president of the Republican State Convention in late April and presided over the electing of delegates to the 1896 Republican National Convention. There was dispute over the delegates, which Buck attempted to preempt by passing a "harmony" slate of delegates outside of standard procedure - <mask> would call it a "lilly white" slate, although it did include blacks. However, the slate did not include <mask>'s

masks: Love Love Love Love Love Love Love Love Love Love Love Love


texts:
 friend, Richard R. Wright Sr., who many believed would be a delegate. The convention erupted in protest and a representative of Buck's attempted to adjourn the meeting and the Buck faction left the hall.The <mask> and Wright faction remained and <mask> took the chair, electing a new slate of delegates, now including <mask> (and Buck but still not Wright). Eventually Wright was not selected as a delegate, but did attend as an alternate. Other activities
<mask>'s work in Georgia was widespread. He wrote or edited three Baptist journals: the Centennial Record, the Georgia Sentinel, and the Baptist Truth as well as two secular papers, the Augusta Weekly Sentinel and the Albany Watchman. The Augusta Sentinel Newspaper was a Republican paper cofounded by Richard R. Wright St, Rev. Charles T. Walker, and <mask>. <mask> later pushed to have Wright installed as president of Georgia's first black college.As a part of his journalism, he helped found the publication group for the black National Baptist Convention. He was also president of the Missionary Baptist Convention of Georgia and together with William E. Holmes, was instrumental in founding the Baptist school, Central City College in Macon, Georgia. He strongly condemned violence against blacks and many of his sermons were reprinted and widely distributed. One example of both was the November 5, 1893, "Sermon on Lunch Law and Raping". At the time of his death in 1900, <mask> was editor of the Baptist Truth, president of the Baptist Missionary Society, and treasurer of Central City College at Macon. He was chairman of the committee which secured the Georgia State Industrial College for Colored Youth for Savannah, now called Savannah State University. He was also a freemason.Death
<mask> died April 24, 1900. His funeral was at the First African Baptist church, where he was pastor, and he was buried at Laurel Grove cemetery. References

1850 births
1900 deaths
People from Perry County, Alabama
People from Savannah, Georgia
African-American Baptist ministers
Baptist ministers from the United States
Activists for African-American civil rights
Activists from Alabama
Baptists from Alabama
19th-century American


texts:
<mask> (Nôbonita <mask>) (13 January 1938 – 7 November 2019) was an Indian writer and academic. After studying arts and comparative literature, she moved to the USA where she studied further. She returned to India and taught at several universities and institutes as well as serving in various positions in literary institutes. She published more than 80 books in Bengali: poetry, novels, short stories, plays, literary criticism, personal essays, travelogues, humour writing, translations and children's literature. She was awarded the Padma Shri in 2000 and the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1999. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Calcutta (now Kolkata) into a Bengali family on 13 January 1938. She was the only child of the poet-couple <mask> (Narendra Deb 7 July 1888- 19 April 1971, son of Nagendra Chandra Deb) and <mask>, who wrote under the pen name <mask>.She was given her name by Rabindranath Tagore. Her childhood experiences included World War II air raids, seeing people starving in the Bengal famine of 1943, and the impact of large numbers of refugees arriving in Calcutta after the partition of India. She attended Gokhale Memorial Girls' School and Lady Brabourne College. She received her BA in English from University of Calcutta, and was a student of inaugural batch of the Department of Comparative Literature at Jadavpur University, from where she obtained her MA in 1958. She obtained another MA (with distinction) in comparative literature from Harvard University in 1961 and went on to receive a doctorate from Indiana University in 1964. Personal life

In 1959, she married Amartya <mask>, an economist and academician and then a Lecturer of Economics at the Jadavpur University, who would be awarded the Nobel prize four decades later. She moved to Britain with him and they became the parents of two daughters, Antara <mask> and Nandana <mask>. She then completed her post-doctoral research at the University of California at Berkeley and Newnham

masks:
Nabaneeta Dev Sen
Deb Sen
Dev Sen
Narendra Dev
Radharani Devi
Aparajita Devi
Sen
Dev Sen
Sen


texts:
 College, Cambridge University.After her divorce in 1976, she returned to Calcutta with her daughters. She had one adopted daughter Srabasti Basu. Her hobbies included reading, records, and travelling. In addition to Bengali and English, she could read Hindi, Oriya, Assamese, French, German, Greek, Sanskrit, and Hebrew. Career

Academic
<mask> was a writer in residence at several international artists' colonies, including Yaddo and MacDowell Colony in the United States; Bellaggio in Italy; and the Mishkenot Sha'ananim in Jerusalem. She held the Maytag Chair of Creative Writing and Comparative Literature at Colorado College, 1988–1989. She was a visiting professor and a visiting creative writer at several universities including Harvard, Cornell, Columbia, Chicago (USA), Humboldt (Germany), Universities of Toronto, British Columbia (Canada), Melbourne, New South Wales (Australia), and El Collegio de Mexico.She delivered the Radhakrishnan Memorial Lecture series (1996–1997) at Oxford University on epic poetry. In 2002, <mask> retired as Professor of Comparative Literature at Jadavpur University, Calcutta. She was a University Grants Commission Senior Fellow at University of Delhi. From 2003 to 2005, <mask> was the J. P. Naik Distinguished Fellow at the Centre of Women's Development Studies in New Delhi. She represented herself and India in many international conferences, both academic and literary, and at the Festival of India USA in 1986. Associations

She held executive positions in the International Comparative Literature Association (1973–1979), and the International Association of Semiotic and Structural Studies (1989–1994). <mask> was the Vice-President of the Bangiya Sahitya Parishad, an academy for Bengali literature.She was the founder and president of West Bengal Women Writers' Association. She was the founder secretary and later Vice-President of the Indian National Comparative Literature Association. She was a Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society

masks:
Dev Sen
Dev Sen
Dev Sen
Dev Sen


texts:
 of Great Britain. She was a member of the Advisory Board for Bengali, Sahitya Akademi from 1978 to 1982, as well as the Member and Convenor, Bharatiya Jnanpith Award Language Advisory Committee from 1975 to 1990. She also served as Member of the Jury of important literary awards including the Jnanpith Award, Saraswati Samman, Kabir Samman, and Rabindra Puraskar. Literary career
<mask> published more than 80 books in Bengali: poetry, novels, short stories, plays, literary criticism, personal essays, travelogues, humour writing, translations and children's literature. She worked with the treatment of women in world epics; she wrote several short stories presenting Sita in a different way from how she appears in the Ramayana.Her first collection of poems Pratham Pratyay (First Confidence) was published in 1959. Her second poetry collection Swagato Debdoot was published 12 years later. Her first novel Ami Anupam (I, Anupam) was published in 1976 in the Puja Issue of the Ananda Bazar Patrika. It is about urban middle class intellectuals who lead the youth in revolution and later contradict them during the Naxalite movement. <mask> dealt with a wide variety of social, political, psychological problems like the role of the intellectuals in the Naxalite movement (Ami Anupam, 1976), the identity crisis of Indian writing in English (1977), that of second generation non-resident Indians (1985), breakdown of the joint family, life in old age homes (1988), homosexuality (1995), facing AIDS (1999, 2002), child abuse, obsession, and uprootedness. Her first short story collection was Monsieur Hulor Holiday (Monsieur Hulo's Holiday, 1980). Her essays, such as Nati Nabanita (Nabaneeta the Actress, 1983), are considered the best of her prose writing by critic Sanjukta Gupta.Her best-selling Karuna Tomar Kon Path Diye (The Path of Thy Grace, 1978) has an account of a solo woman on pilgrimage to Kumbh Mela. Her travelogue Truck Bahoney Mac Mahoney depicts her ride on a

masks:
Dev Sen
Dev Sen


texts:
 ration truck across northeast India and Tibet in 1977. Her other notable works included Bama-bodhini,  Srestha kabita, and Sita theke suru. She was a well-known children's author in Bengali for her fairy tales and adventure stories, with girls as protagonist, having first written for children in 1979. She was the chief editor of Bengali in the Macmillan's Modern Indian Novels in English Translation series. Recognition
<mask> received many national and international awards and honours, including: Gouridevi Memorial Award, Mahadevi Verma Award (1992), Celli Award from Rockefeller Foundation (1993), Sarat Award from Bhagalpur University of Bihar (1994), Prasad Puraskar, Sahitya Akademi Award (1999). She has also received Rabindra Puraskar, Kabir Samman, Samskriti Award, Kamal Kumari National Award (2004), Mystic Kalinga Literary Award (2017), and the Big Little Book Award for children's literature in 2017, when the award focused on Bengali writing.She was awarded the Padma Shri (2000), the fourth highest civilian award by the Government of India. Death
She died on 7 November 2019 in Kolkata following cancer. References

External links

1938 births
2019 deaths
Amartya Sen
Presidency University, Kolkata alumni
University of Calcutta alumni
Bengali writers
Indian women novelists
Indian women poets
Writers from Kolkata
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Bengali
Jadavpur University alumni
Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education
20th-century Indian novelists
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
20th-century Indian poets
20th-century Indian women writers
Women writers from West Bengal
21st-century Indian women writers
21st-century Indian novelists
21st-century Indian poets
Poets from West Bengal
Novelists from West Bengal
Indiana University alumni
Indian children's writers
Indian short story writers
Indian travel writers
Indian humorists
Indian essayists
Indian literary critics
Indian dramatists and playwrights
Indian


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<mask> (23 September 1898 – 8 August 1980) was a Korean independence activist and a general of the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Korean War, who later became a diplomat and politician in South Korea. Born in North Pyongan, he did his early schooling in China and Korea, and had a brief career as a teacher before his connections with the nascent Korean independence movement led to his imprisonment. He fled into exile in China in 1918, and served in the Kuomintang's National Revolutionary Army from 1926 to 1948, following which he moved to the newly independent South Korea to join the Republic of Korea Army. He commanded South Korea's I Corps during the first year of the Korean War, and was then sent to Taipei as South Korea's ambassador to the Republic of China, which by then had retreated to Taiwan. His assignment there ultimately lasted nine years. He returned to South Korea in 1960 following the April Revolution which ended the rule of Syngman Rhee, and served briefly as Minister of Foreign Affairs under the Park Chung-hee junta. He ran for the National Assembly, first unsuccessfully in 1960 and 1963, and was then elected in 1967 and became a major figure in the opposition New Democratic Party.Being one of the most experienced and high-ranked among the officer corps that commanded the early Republic of Korea Army, he was nicknamed the "Five-star General". Early life and military career in China
<mask> was born on 23 September 1898 in Ryongchon County, North Pyongan Province. At age 15, shortly after the beginning of Japanese rule over Korea, he went to Fengtian (today Liaoning), China to attend a primary school there. He returned to Korea and at the age of 18 entered the  in Chongju. He later became an

masks:
Kim Hong il
Kim


texts: instructor at the Gyeongsin School in Sinchon County, Hwanghae Province, but his involvement in agitation against Japanese rule as a member of the alumni association of the Osan School resulted in his imprisonment. After his release, <mask> fled into exile in China in 1918. There, he was able to enter the Guizhou Military Academy thanks to an introduction by .In China he used a variety of aliases, including the Korean name Choe Se-pyeong () and the Chinese names Wang Hsiung (), Wang Yi-shu (), and Wang Fu-kao (). After his graduation in 1920 he proceeded to the Russian Far East to try to gain Russian support for the Korean independence movement, but faced numerous setbacks: first the fratricidal killings of the  in 1921, and then the withdrawal of Russian support in 1922. As a result, he crossed back into Northeast China late that year. He remained there for a few years, and briefly returned to teaching to make a living, taking up a post at the  established by  in the village of Mingdong (Myeongdong) in Helong County, Jilin. His alias Choe Se-pyeong itself embroiled him in a minor scandal in the village: it was rumoured he wanted to court a woman there whose surname was also Choe, but romance between individuals with the same surname was not encouraged in traditional Korean society, due to the possibility of violating the prohibition on marriage between people belonging to the same bon-gwan (clan). As a result, he revealed his real name to several people. However, Japanese secret police were increasingly active in Northeast China hunting down Korean partisans, and for his own safety <mask> left the region and went to Shanghai.In 1926, he joined the Republic of China's National Revolutionary Army. His second

masks: Kim Kim


texts:
 son <mask>-jai was born around this time. He participated in the Northern Expedition, and was later stationed at Wusong Fort and then the . While assigned to the latter post, at the request of <mask> of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, he provided Lee Bong-chang and Yun Bong-gil with the bombs used in 1932 in the Sakuradamon assassination attempt against Emperor Hirohito and the Hongkew Park attack on Japanese troops which killed General Yoshinori Shirakawa of the Shanghai Expeditionary Army. During the Shanghai War of 1932, he served as an intelligence officer with the 19th Route Army. In 1934, he was reassigned to the Luoyang branch of the Republic of China Military Academy, where he was in charge of a special course for Korean officer candidates in the ROC army. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, <mask> was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1939, and lieutenant general in May 1945.After the surrender of Japan, he continued to serve in the National Revolutionary Army for a few more years, and was assigned to the , in which capacity he organised the repatriation of Koreans from Northeast China to the Korean peninsula. In South Korea

Military career

In August 1948, <mask> moved to South Korea to join the newly formed Republic of Korea Army. He was assigned to be the principal of the Korea Military Academy. In 1949, he finished writing the Outline of National Defense, one of the earliest works of the new country's Ministry of National Defense regarding military strategy. After the outbreak of the Korean War on 25 June 1950, <mask> became the commander of the I Corps. During the First Battle of Seoul, the I Corps held a position at Kumchon, North Hwanghae, to the north of

masks:
Kim Young
Kim Koo
Kim
Kim
Kim


texts:
 Uijeongbu. Once he learned of the North Koreans' 28 June capture of Seoul, <mask> had his forces retreat to the south bank of the Han River and set up a defensive line, which they were able to hold for six days until 3 July when North Korea had recovered sufficiently from the demolition of the Hangang Bridge to begin sending tanks across the river.Historian Jongsuk Chay credited the time earned by this operation with "saving the Republic of Korea from communism". <mask> went on to fight in the Battle of Pusan Perimeter later that year. However, his conflicts with President Syngman Rhee and American military officers led to his discharge in March 1951. As a diplomat

<mask> arrived in Taipei, Taiwan on 3 November 1951 to begin his service as ambassador to the Republic of China. He remained in the position until 13 June 1960. On the occasion of his departure, General  presented him with the Order of the Cloud and Banner in recognition of his wartime military service to the Republic of China, as well as the second rank of the civilian Order of Brilliant Star. <mask> was one of a large number of high-level diplomatic personnel who resigned in the aftermath of the April Revolution, along with ambassador to the U.S.  and ambassador to Japan .In the aftermath of Park Chung-hee's May 1961 coup, <mask> served a brief term as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 21 May until his resignation on 21 July. He continued to play a role in foreign affairs after his resignation, and was dispatched to Niger in December 1961 as South Korea's representative to the celebrations for Niger's fourth Republic Day. In politics
<mask> made his first foray into electoral politics in the 1960 elections as a candidate for the Senate. He

masks: Kim Kim Kim Kim Kim Kim


texts: announced his intention to run when he resigned from his ambassadorial post. He ran as an independent in the Seoul electoral district, facing off against multiple Democratic Party and Liberal Party candidates. He came in seventh place behind  (independent),  (independent), <mask>-o (Democratic),  (Democratic), Go Hui-dong (Democratic), and  (Democratic). In December 1961, <mask> was chosen as the ninth president of the .In 1962, he was awarded the Independence Medal of the Order of Merit for National Foundation. <mask> then ran again in the 1963 elections as one of six Korea Independence Party candidates. The party received 1.28% of all votes cast, and failed to secure any seats. <mask>'s objections to the 1965 Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea later led him into further conflict with the Park regime. While the treaty negotiations were ongoing, <mask> co-authored a series of op-eds along with Association of Families of Patriotic Martyrs president Koo Sung-suh, former Minister of Justice , Christian philosopher Ham Seok-heon, former prime minister Byeon Yeong-tae, and linguist , which were published on the front page of the Kyunghyang Shinmun in February 1965. After the signing of the treaty in June, <mask> intensified his public activities in opposition to it. On 27 July, he became a founding member of the Citizens'  Council for the Protection of the Fatherland, which aimed to block ratification of the treaty.After he failed to achieve that goal, he issued a statement on behalf of the council calling for the National Assembly to be dissolved and a new general election to be held. Then on 27 August, <mask> and ten other Republic of Korea Reserve Forces officers issued another

masks:
Kim Dong
Kim
Kim
Kim
Kim
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texts: statement calling on the Armed Forces to "maintain political neutrality" in the face of increasing public turmoil relating to the treaty. Two days later, <mask> and three co-signers of that statement—former Minister of Defense , former Korean Central Intelligence Agency director , and former minister without portfolio Park Won-bin—were arrested and charged with criminal libel in relation to its contents, and were held at the Seoul Correctional Institute (the former Seodaemun Prison). Further charges of inciting rebellion were laid against the four on 7 September. <mask>'s three co-defendants were eventually released on ₩50,000 bail on 25 October, while <mask> himself was released on the official ground of severe illness. In 1967, <mask> became a founding member of the opposition New Democratic Party, and was elected to represent Mapo-gu in the National Assembly in the elections that year. In 1969 he was one of the founders of the , created in opposition to the constitutional referendum that year which allowed Park to run for a third term as president.He played a larger role in the May 1971 legislative elections, running as an at-large representative and also becoming the acting head of the New Democratic Party following the resignation of Yu Chin-san two weeks before the election. He won his election, and also became the official chairman of the New Democratic Party in July following its all-party convention. Throughout 1972, the New Democratic Party was riven by conflicts between <mask>'s faction, supported by party heavyweights <mask>-jung and , and the opposing pro-Yu Chin-san faction led by . Matters came to a head at the party convention in September, held in the absence of <mask>'s faction, which

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Kim
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texts:
 resulted in the return of Yu Chin-san as party chairman. <mask>'s faction issued a statement denouncing the results and declaring the convention illegal, but the National Election Commission refused <mask>'s application for an injunction against the Yu Chin-san faction. The following month, Park Chung-hee carried out his October Restoration self-coup and dissolved the National Assembly, and then just a month before the February 1973 elections, <mask>'s faction broke off from the New Democratic Party and established the . However, the Democratic Unification Party performed poorly, and only two of its candidates were elected, <mask> not among them.Following the election, Democratic Unification Party leaders expressed regret for participating, and <mask> pledged to dedicate the remainder of his life to fighting for the return of democracy. Later that year, he was one of thirty opposition politicians to sign a petition calling for constitutional reform and free elections, and in 1974 he became one of the founding members of the . Retirement and death
In 1977 <mask> was elected the sixth president of the , an organisation for Korean independence activists and their families. He was re-elected as the seventh president in 1979. <mask> died at his home in Hyochang-dong, Yongsan-gu, Seoul on 8 August 1980. He was survived by his wife Min Gyeong-ran and three sons. Although a public funeral had been planned, in the end <mask>'s family decided to hold a private funeral at their home, followed by a procession to the Seoul National Cemetery where he was buried.Pastor Kyung-Chik Han of Young Nak Presbyterian Church, the church of which <mask> had been a member, presided over the funeral. Roughly 1,500 people visited the

masks: Kim Kim Kim Kim Kim Kim Kim Kim Kim


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 family home to pay their respects, including Chun Doo-hwan, United States Forces Korea commander John A. Wickham Jr., and fellow independence activist . Works

Notes

References

External links

 Photo gallery of <mask>'s grave at Seoul National Cemetery
 News photo of <mask>'s second son <mask>-jai (left) in 1960

1898 births
1980 deaths
People from Ryongchon County
Korean independence activists
Korean expatriates in China
National Revolutionary Army generals
South Korean generals
Military personnel of the Republic of China in the Second Sino-Japanese War
South Korean military personnel of the Korean War
Ambassadors of South Korea to Taiwan
Recipients of the Order of Brilliant Star
20th-century South Korean politicians
Foreign ministers of South Korea
Recipients of the Order of Merit for National Foundation
Members of the National Assembly (South Korea)
Burials at Seoul National

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<mask> (, Мұхтар Омарханұлы Әуезов, مۇحتار ومارحانۇلى اۋەزوۆ, ; , Muchtar Omarchanovič <mask>) (September 28, 1897 — June 27, 1961) was a Kazakh writer, a social activist, a Doctor of Philology, and an honored academic of the Soviet Union (1946). He was born on September 28, 1897 and raised in Semey (Kaskabulak). <mask>'s writings were influenced by the poet Abai. <mask>'s father and grandfather Omarkhan Auez both highly revered the poet, who was a neighbour and a friend of the Auezov family. His grandfather was a storyteller of folk tales, and taught his grandson to read and write. Life and family
Auezov was born in a nomadic Muslim family from an area known today as Abay District, in East Kazakhstan Province. His grandfather taught him how to read and write using both the Arabic and Cyrillic script for the Kazakh language.<mask> was educated at the Semipalatinsk Teacher's Seminary and Leningrad State University. <mask> is best known for his plays. The first play he authored was Enlik-Kebek, a story of two young lovers that resembles the story of Romeo and Juliet. He authored more than twenty plays that dealt with the

masks:
Mukhtar Omarkhanuli Auezov
Auezov
Auezov
Mukhtar
Auezov
Auezov


texts: issues relevant to Socialism in Kazakhstan. After writing plays, <mask> changed his focus to writing novels. Two novels – Abay and The Path of Abay – dealing with the life of Kazakh poet Abai Qunanbaiuly were the product of the last twenty years of his life. <mask>'s other projects included drawing and translating literature into the Kazakh language.Some translations made by him include Nikolai Gogol's The Government Inspector and Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew. <mask> first studied in Kaskabulak, then later a Muslim madrasa in Semipalatinsk. At age of eleven, he moved to a nearby, five-year grammar school. His father Omarkhan died in 1900, and his mother Nurzhamal in 1912. The young <mask> was raised by his uncle Kasymbek and his grandfather Auez and grandmother Dinas. In 1907, after a year of study in the madrasa, he was sent to the large Russian school in Semipalatinsk. <mask> Auezov attended the Semipalatinsk Pedagogical Seminary after graduating from the City College.In the 1912–1913 academic year, <mask> finished the first seminary class with an award and went on to complete his studies at the Semipalatinsk

masks: Auezov Auezov Mukhtar Mukhtar Mukhtar Mukhtar


texts: Seminary in 1919. Around this time he began his acquaintance with Russian and other foreign classics of literature. At the same time, Auezov wrote short stories, poems and articles that began to be published. "The young Auezov, according to the testimonies of the pedagogues, was marked for his impeccable attention, extraordinary gifts, slim build and aristocratic self-belief. He was an extraordinary sportsman and represented “Yarysh F C”, which at the time was the best football team in the city." <mask> <mask> joined the faculty of a large state school, and he also worked holding various positions in the local government in Semipalatinsk with the Kazakh Central Executive Committee and in Orenburg. In the summer of 1917, Auezov married a 15-year-old girl named Raihan.They had a daughter together in 1918 who they named Mugamilya (she lived until 2009), and a year later, in 1919, a son (who died in infancy). They got divorced in 1920. In 1928 <mask> <mask> graduated from the Philological Faculty of Leningrad State University and completed his PhD at the University of Tashkent. During the 1930s, his endeavors as a

masks: Mukhtar Auezov Mukhtar Auezov


texts:
 professional writer began to take off. <mask> <mask> died during an operation in Moscow on 27 June 1961. He was buried in the Central Cemetery, Almaty. On his grave there stands a bust created by Yevgeny Vuchetich.After his death in 1961, the Government of the Republic Kazakhstan decided to perpetuate the name of the writer. The Institute of Literature and Art of the Academy of Sciences was renamed as the Auezov Institute of Literature and Art of the Academy of Sciences. Kazakh State Academic Drama Theatre, a literary memorial museum, a school, a street and an urban area in Almaty also bear his name. Also the M. O. Auezov South Kazakhstan State University in Shymkent was named after him. Writings
Auezov wrote numerous essays, short stories, and plays (many translated into other languages) in different genres. In 1917, while he was studying at the seminary, he wrote “Enilik-Kebek" (a play based on folk legends). The "Enilik-Kebek" play and the story "Korgansyzdyn Kuni", which was written in 1921 demonstrated to the world his great talent as a writer.From 1923 he began to devote all his energy to the literary arts and to

masks: Mukhtar Auezov


texts: work productively. In the period 1923–1926 he authored stories such as "Okygan azamat", "Kyr suretteri", "Uilenu", "Eskilik kolenkesinde", "Kinamshil boizhetken", "Karaly sulu". During the period 1923–1928 years he studied and then graduated from Leningrad University in the Faculty of Language and Literature. During the last two years of his studies in Leningrad, he wrote two highly acclaimed novels: "Karash-karash" and "Kokserek". Auezov began working in depth with themes of Kazakh history. His fixation with history is demonstrated in his works "Enilik-Kebek", "Khan Kene", "Kily zmaan", "Aiman – Sholpan", and "Karakypshak Kobylandy." For 20 years he devoted himself to prose and plays, which have become classics of Kazakh literature.In the thirties, he wrote a series of stories, such as: "Kasennin kubylystary", "Izder", "Shatkalan", "Kum men Askar", "Burtkiwi", and plays like" Aiman-Sholpan", "Tas tilek", "Shekarada", "Tungi saryn". In 1936 he published a piece of prose called "Tatiananyn kyrdagy ani" in the Kazakh press "Kazak adebieti", that was a section from the future novel of the same name. Some years after


texts: that(around 1940), with the cooperation of Leonid Sobolev, he wrote the "Abai" tragedy. The great scientist and teacher, Auezov, worked on the history of Kazakhs literature, and the training of personnel. He was the founder of the Abai studies and the principal author and editor of the multivolume "Kazak adebiet Tarihy". He also wrote a monograph on the Kyrgyz epic Manas. After the Abai Joly epic, he began writing a new, large-scale epic that described a new era in the future.His first book of that period is called "Osken orken" and was first published posthumously in 1962. A period of blooming of Kazakh drama is associated with the works of Auezov. He wrote over twenty plays and translated such classic works of world and Russian drama as The Inspector by Gogol, Othello and The Taming of the Shrew by Shakespeare, Aristocrats by Nikolai Pogodin, Spring Love by Konstantin Trenyov, and Officer of the Navy by A. Kron. In 1960, together with a group of Soviet writers, he visited the United States. In the summer of 1960, he started work on the series of essays named “The American Impressions”. From mid-summer 1960, he began


texts:
 work on the novel named “The Young Tribe”. In March 1961, Auezov embarked on a visit to India that included participation in the work of the III International Congress for Peace in Delhi together with a delegation headed by Nikolai Tikhonov.In June of that same year, he planned to visit England, the land of Shakespeare, but his untimely death meant that his wish to travel to England did not occur. On June 3, 1961, he traveled to Moscow for medical tests. On June 27, 1961 – his heart failed during a surgical operation. "Abai Zholy" (The path of Abai)

In his formative years, <mask> listened to the memories of his grandfather that told of Abai and Kunanbay. The destiny of <mask> Auezov was linked by many threads to the life of Abai the hero great inspiration of his life. Abai himself graced family celebrations, arranged for Auez to mark the birth of his grandson. Nurganym, one of the wives of Kunanbai father of Abai, was the sister of Auez.<mask> later became friends with the son of Abai Turagulom and married Camille, granddaughter of the great poet, that is the daughter of Magauov. <mask> met Dilda, the first wife of

masks: Mukhtar Mukhtar Mukhtar Auezov


texts: Abai with whom he received a great deal of information. More information about Abai was forthcoming from Eigerim another of Abai’s life partners who survived her husband for more than a decade. <mask> Omarhanuly for 15 years wrote his famous four-volume epic historical novel called "Abai Joly". It was translated into Russian. In 1949 two books of the novel "Abai" received the first level award of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. This epic, which ended with four books, was awarded the Lenin Prize.was translated into 30 languages, and received rave reviews from readers all over the world. "Abai Zholy" is one of the most popular and valuable novels written by <mask> Auezov. The first book of the series was published in 1942 and after five years in 1947 “Abai”, the second of the series was published, then came the third book in 1952 called “Abai aga” (Brother Abai). Finally, the fourth book was released in 1956. Later all of the books were repackaged and renamed as “Abai zholy” (The Path of Abai). The first book and second books each have 7 chapters and one epilogue. The third book has 6 chapters as has the Fourth

masks: Mukhtar Mukhtar


texts:
 and one epilogue entire epic is divided into 20 short chapters each of which includes uniquely interesting situations.Each chapter’s name precisely demonstrates the psychological state of the events within the story. If we compare there is much more drama, tragedy, sadness and sorrow than positive and happy moments. In the first book we can clearly see how the young and inexperienced boy grows up and at the end of the fourth book we see how he became an adult and changed and who ultimately fails. <mask> <mask> wrote the libretto of the opera Abai. Filmography
 "Raihan" – 1940, Film of 8 parts. Studio, "Thumbnail". Screenplay: M<mask>; Director: M.Levin.; Operator: H.Nazaryants Cast: E.Omirzakov, D.Bokeeva, S.Kozhamkulov. "Abai әnderі" – 1945. Film in 10 parts. Studio "Kazakhfilm". Screenplay: M.<mask>, G. Roshal. ; Director: G.Roshal; Operator: G.Pyshkova; Artist: K.Hodzhikov; Cast: K.Kuanyshpaev, K.Badyrov, Sh.Aymanov, S.Kozhamkulov."Shyndagy Shynar" – 1966. Film in 10 parts. Studio "Kazakhfilm". Screenplay: K.Muhamedzhanov; Director: S.Hodzhikov; Operator: A.Ashrapov; Cast: S.Panov, G.Adilova, N.Zhanturin,

masks:
Mukhtar
Auezov
. Auezov
Auezov


texts:
 Y.Nogaybaev. "Caras-Caras" – 1969. Studio "Kazakhfilm" zhane "Kyrғyzfilm". Screenplay: Akim Tarazi; Director: B.Shamshiev; Cast: S.Chokmorov, S.Zhumadylov, M.Ryskulov, B.Kydykeeva
 "Kokserek" – 1973.Studio "Kazakhfilm". Screenplay: A.Mihalkov-Konchalovsky, E.Tropinin; Director: T.Okeev; Operator: K.Kydyraliev ;Cast: S.Chokmorov, K.Ualiev, K. Sataev
 "Caral sulu" – 1982.Studio "Kazakhfilm". Writer, director: E.Shynarbaev; Cast: N.Arynbasarova, N.Zhanturin
 "Abai" 1995. Studio "Kazakhfilm". Screenplay: A.Amirkulov, L.Ahynzhanova, A.Baranov, S.Aprymov; Director: A.Amirkulov. ; Operator: A. Suleev. Composer: Kuat Shildebaev; Cast: G.Turykbaev, T.Zhamankulov, B.Rimova, F.Zhantileuova

Awards

1945 – Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
1948 –The Medal "In Memory of the 800th Anniversary of Moscow"
1949 – Order of the Badge of Honour
1955, 1959 – deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR
1957 – The title "The Honored Figure of Science of the Kazakh SSR"
1959 – The Lenin Prize for the novel-dialogue The Way of Abai.Diplomas and certificates

1946 – The Diploma of Doctor of Science (the


texts:
 scientific degree of doctor of science (philology)
1946 – The Certificate of Professor (Professor at the Chair of “Kazakh literature”)
1946 – The Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR. 1953 – The Certificate of Professor of the Moscow State University after M.V.Lomonosov. References

External links

Almaty Expatriate Site Biography of Auezov
Authors' Corner Biography of Auezov
Site Biography of Auezov

1897 births
1961 deaths
20th-century dramatists and playwrights
20th-century male writers
20th-century novelists
20th-century short story writers
People from Abay District, East Kazakhstan
People from Semipalatinsk Oblast
Stalin Prize winners
Lenin Prize winners
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Kazakh-language writers
Opera librettists
Kazakhstani male writers
Kazakhstani dramatists and playwrights
Kazakhstani short story writers
Soviet male writers
Male dramatists and playwrights
Male short story writers
Soviet dramatists and playwrights
Soviet short story writers
Kazakhstani novelists
Soviet novelists
Male


texts:
<mask> (December 5, 1931 – January 7, 2001) was an American football player and coach, government official, businessman, and broadcaster. He was the first African-American assistant coach in the National Football League (NFL), the first African American to broadcast an NFL game to a national audience, and Chrysler's first African-American plant manager. He was appointed as the Commissioner of the federal Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) by President Gerald Ford, holding that position from 1975 to 1976. He later served as the director of the Michigan Department of Labor from 1990 to 1996. He also served on the board of the NFL Board of Charities. Early years
<mask> was born in Ypsilanti, Michigan. His father, Lawrence C<mask>, was a dentist who graduated from the University of Michigan in 1920.<mask> was the youngest of four children. He grew up in Ypsilanti, where his father maintained a dental practice and was a respected civic leader. University of Michigan

<mask> attended the University of Michigan where he studied history. He played at the end position for the Michigan Wolverines football team from 1950 to 1952. <mask> was a two-way player who was a safety on defense and also handled punt returns for the Wolverines. After the 1951 season, he was selected as a second-team All-American by the Central Press Association and a third-team All-American by the United Press. He was also rated as the best defensive back in college football during the 1951 season.He was also selected by the Associated Press as a first-team All-Big Ten Player and by the United Press as a first-team player on its All-Midwest team. In three seasons for Michigan, <mask> had 71 receptions for 1,261 yards and nine touchdowns. <mask>'s three-year career total of 1,261 receiving yards was not exceeded by another Michigan player for a decade until Jack Clancy totaled 1,917 yards in four years from 1963 to 1966. <mask>'s highest single-game total came against

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Lowell Wesley Perry
Perry
. Perry
Perry
Perry
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 Indiana in 1951, with five catches for 165 yards. He had two additional touchdown catches against Indiana in 1952. His 165-yard game against Indiana was the Michigan single-game receiving record for 15 years, until Clancy had 197 yards against Oregon State in 1966. <mask> also returned 42 punts at Michigan for 351 yards, an average of 10.9 yards per return.Pittsburgh Steelers and military service
<mask> was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the eighth round (90th overall pick) of the 1953 NFL Draft. His professional football career was deferred due to Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) obligations. <mask> joined the United States Air Force, where he achieved the rank of second lieutenant. While serving in the Air Force, <mask> played on the Bolling Air Force Team that included Al Dorow, Tommy O'Connell, and Johnny Lattner. <mask> was named the outstanding football player in the military. In 1956, <mask> joined the Pittsburgh Steelers as an end. On his first play for the Steelers, <mask> ran 93 yards for a touchdown in a pre-season game against the Detroit Lions.In his first six NFL games, <mask> totaled 14 catches for 334 yards and two touchdowns, including a 75-yard touchdown catch against the Cleveland Browns. <mask> also returned 11 punts for 127 yards and nine kickoffs for 219 yards. In his sixth regular season game, <mask> sustained a fractured pelvis and dislocated hip that forced his retirement. Football writer Mark A. Latterman later wrote about witnessing <mask>'s career-ending injury:

A skinny 15 year-old boy and his dad were cheering the Pittsburgh Steelers new rookie star, <mask> as he roared whippet-like around the New York Giants' fabled 1956 defensive line and headed full-throttle for the open field. The boy's cheers turned to tears when Giants' star, Roosevelt Grier crunched <mask> from behind and linebacker Bill Svoboda hit him from the side simultaneously, filling the stadium with a sickening 'crack' which silenced the

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 Steelers' faithful. I will never forget my sadness as the stretcher carried my new hero from the field. <mask>'s pelvis was fractured, his hip dislocated and he never played pro football again.<mask> was hospitalized at Pittsburgh's Mercy Hospital for 13 weeks after the injury. In June 1957, the Steelers hired <mask> as the team's ends coach, making him the NFL's first African American coach since Fritz Pollard in the 1920s. He worked as a scout for the Steelers in 1958. While working for  the Steelers, <mask> went to the Duquesne University law school. Government, broadcast, and business career
<mask> received a law degree from Detroit College of Law in 1960. That same year, he became a law clerk to U.S. District Court Judge Frank A. Picard (the Michigan Wolverines' quarterback from 1909 to 1910). In 1961, he accepted a job with the Chevrolet Division of General Motors in the personnel department of the gear and axle division.In 1962, he left Chevrolet to prosecute unfair labor practice charges for the National Labor Relations Board, a position he held until 1963. In 1963, <mask> began a 17-year career with Chrysler. He started as a personnel specialist. In April 1966, <mask> was hired as a color analyst for CBS Television to broadcast Steelers games alongside play-by-play man Joe Tucker. He was the first African-American to broadcast an NFL game to a national audience. After his stint as a television broadcaster, <mask> returned to Chrysler where he became a personnel manager in 1970. In 1973, he was appointed the plant manager of Chrysler's Eldon Avenue Axle Plant in Detroit.He was the first African American to hold the plant manager position at a U.S. automobile company. In 1975, <mask> was appointed by President Gerald Ford to be commissioner of the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. At the ceremony in which <mask> was sworn in, President Ford spoke and made the following comments:

He first came to my attention when I saw his

masks: Perry Perry Perry Perry Perry Perry Perry Perry Perry Perry


texts:
 prowess on the gridiron at the University of Michigan. He made it and I didn't. He was really good and played not only exceptionally well at Ann Arbor but very well for the Pittsburgh Steelers. I have known <mask> over a period of time since then.I have always looked at his career, both in Government and with private employment, as an example of what a person can do who has got ability and the desire and the dedication. I think it's, in this instance, Government's gain to have <mask> with us, and Lynn Townsend probably is losing one of his very finest young people in his Chrysler organization. He served as EEOC commissioner until 1976. <mask> resigned from the EEOC after one year and returned to Chrysler. <mask> returned to government service in 1990 as director of the Michigan Department of Labor, a position he held for six years. In March 1996, Governor John Engler appointed him as the director of the Office of Urban Programs, a position that he held until his retirement in April 1999. Family and death
<mask> was married in January 1954 and had a daughter and two sons, one of whom is current New York Knicks basketball executive and former University of Michigan coach <mask>.<mask> died of cancer at a hospital in Southfield, Michigan, in January 2001. See also
 University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor

References

External links
<mask> Bio at Answers.com

1931 births
2001 deaths
African-American coaches of American football
African-American players of American football
Chairs of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Chrysler executives
Michigan Wolverines football players
National Football League announcers
Sportspeople from Ypsilanti, Michigan
Pittsburgh Steelers announcers
Pittsburgh Steelers coaches
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Players of American football from Michigan
United States Air Force officers
State cabinet secretaries of Michigan
Detroit College of Law alumni
20th-century African-American sportspeople
Military personnel

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Scott Perry
Perry
Perry


texts: <mask> (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American soldier, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of the Continental Army, <mask> led the Patriot forces to victory in the American Revolutionary War, and presided at the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which established the Constitution of the United States and a federal government. <mask> has been called the "Father of the Nation" for his manifold leadership in the formative days of the country. <mask>'s first public office was serving as official Surveyor of Culpeper County, Virginia from 1749 to 1750. Subsequently, he received his initial military training (as well as a command with the Virginia Regiment) during the French and Indian War. He was later elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses and was named a delegate to the Continental Congress. Here he was appointed Commanding General of the Continental Army.With this title, he commanded American forces (allied with France) in the defeat and surrender of the British at the Siege of Yorktown during the American Revolutionary War. He resigned his commission after the Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783. Washington played an indispensable role in adopting and ratifying the Constitution of the United States. He was then twice elected president by the Electoral College unanimously. As president, he implemented a strong, well-financed national government while remaining impartial in a fierce rivalry between cabinet members Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. During the French Revolution, he proclaimed a policy of neutrality while sanctioning the Jay Treaty. He set enduring precedents for the office

masks:
George Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington