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 was satisfied.I was content, and then a couple of days ago Donald Trump said he was running for president. I have made the biggest mistake of my life, ladies and gentlemen" and then delivering a Top Ten List roasting Trump's presidential campaign followed by an onstage conversation with Martin and Short. Cellphone recordings of the appearance were posted on YouTube by audience members and widely reported in the media. In 2016, <mask> joined the climate change documentary show Years of Living Dangerously as one of its celebrity correspondents. In season two's premiere episode, Letterman traveled to India to investigate the country's efforts to expand its inadequate energy grid, power its booming economy, and bring electricity to 300 million citizens for the first time. He also interviewed Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and traveled to rural villages where power is a scarce luxury and explored the United States' role in India's energy future. On April 7, 2017, Letterman gave the induction speech for the band Pearl Jam into the Rock & Roll Hall Of Fame at a ceremony held at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York City.Also in 2017, <mask> and Alec Baldwin co-hosted The Essentials on Turner Classic Movies. <mask> and Baldwin introduced seven films for the series. Netflix
In 2018, Letterman began hosting a six-episode monthly series of hour-long programs on Netflix consisting of long-form interviews and field segments. The show, My Next Guest Needs No Introduction with <mask>, premiered January 12, 2018, with Barack Obama as its first guest. The second season premiered on May 31, 2019. Season 3 premiered on October 21,

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Letterman
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David Letterman


type: original

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 2020, and includes Kim Kardashian West, Robert Downey Jr., Dave Chappelle and Lizzo as guests. Notable exchanges and incidents

 NBC and Johnny Carson
In spite of Johnny Carson's clear intention to pass his title to <mask>, NBC selected Jay Leno to host The Tonight Show after Carson's departure.<mask> maintained a close relationship with Carson through his break with NBC. Three years after he left for CBS, HBO produced a made-for-television movie called The Late Shift, based on a book by The New York Times reporter Bill Carter, chronicling the battle between <mask> and Leno for the Tonight Show hosting spot. Carson later made a few cameo appearances as a guest on <mask>'s show. Carson's final television appearance was on May 13, 1994, on a Late Show episode taped in Los Angeles, when he made a surprise appearance during a Top 10 list segment. In early 2005, it was revealed that Carson occasionally sent jokes to <mask>, who used them in his monologue; according to CBS senior vice president Peter Lassally (a onetime producer for both men), Carson got "a big kick out of it." <mask> would do a characteristic Carson golf swing after delivering one of his jokes. In a tribute to Carson, all the opening monologue jokes during the first show after Carson's death were by Carson.Lassally also claimed that Carson had always believed <mask>, not Leno, to be his "rightful successor". During the early years of the Late Shows run, <mask> occasionally used some of Carson's trademark bits, including "Carnac the Magnificent" (with Paul Shaffer as Carnac), "Stump the Band", and the "Week in Review". Oprah Winfrey
Oprah Winfrey appeared on

masks: Letterman Letterman Letterman Letterman Letterman Letterman Letterman Letterman


texts: <mask>'s show when he was hosting NBC's Late Night on May 2, 1989. After that appearance, the two had a 16-year feud that arose, as Winfrey explained to <mask> after it had been resolved, as a result of the acerbic tone of their 1989 interview, of which she said that it "felt so uncomfortable to me that I didn't want to have that experience again". The feud apparently ended on December 2, 2005, when Winfrey appeared on CBS's Late Show with <mask>man in an event <mask> jokingly called "the Super Bowl of Love". Winfrey and <mask> also appeared together in a Late Show promo aired during CBS's coverage of Super Bowl XLI in February 2007, with the two sitting next to each other on a couch watching the game. Since the game was played between the Indianapolis Colts and Chicago Bears, the Indianapolis-born Letterman wore a Peyton Manning jersey, while Winfrey, whose show was taped in Chicago, wore a Brian Urlacher jersey.On September 10, 2007, <mask> made his first appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Three years later, during CBS's coverage of Super Bowl XLIV between the Colts and the New Orleans Saints, the two appeared again in a Late Show promo, this time with Winfrey sitting on a couch between <mask> and Leno. Letterman wore the retired  70 jersey of Art Donovan, a member of the Colts' Hall of Fame and a regular <mask> guest. The appearance was <mask>'s idea: Leno flew to New York City on an NBC corporate jet, sneaking into the Ed Sullivan Theater during the Late Shows February 4 taping wearing a disguise and meeting Winfrey and <mask> at a living room set created in the theater's

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David Letter
Letterman
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 balcony, where they taped their promo. Winfrey interviewed <mask> in January 2013 on Oprah's Next Chapter. They discussed their feud and Winfrey revealed that she had had a "terrible experience" while appearing on <mask>'s show years earlier. Letterman could not recall the incident but apologized.2007–2008 writers' strike
Late Show went off air for eight weeks in 2007 during November and December because of the Writers Guild of America strike. Letterman's production company, Worldwide Pants, was the first company to make an individual agreement with the WGA, allowing his show to come back on the air on January 2, 2008. In his first episode back, he surprised the audience with a newly grown beard, which signified solidarity with the strike. His beard was shaved off during the show on January 7, 2008. Palin joke
On June 8 and 9, 2009, Letterman told two sexually themed jokes about a daughter (never named) of Sarah Palin on his TV show. These included a statutory rape joke about Palin's then 14-year-old daughter, Willow, and MLB player Alexander Rodriguez Palin was in New York City at the time with Willow, and none of her other children were at the game. Some contemporaries questioned the racial connotations of joking about a Latino player of Dominican descent committing statutory rape.In a statement posted on the Internet, Palin said, "I doubt [<mask> would] ever dare make such comments about anyone else's daughter" and that "laughter incited by sexually perverted comments made by a 62-year-old male celebrity aimed at a 14-year-old girl is disgusting." On his June 10 show, <mask> responded to the controversy, saying the

masks: Letterman Letterman Letterman Letterman


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 jokes were meant to be about Palin's 18-year-old daughter, Bristol, whose pregnancy as an unmarried teenager had caused some controversy during the United States presidential election of 2008. "These are not jokes made about [Palin's] 14-year-old daughter ... I would never, never make jokes about raping or having sex of any description with a 14-year-old girl." His remarks did not end public criticism. The National Organization for Women (NOW) released a statement supporting Palin, noting that <mask> had made "[only] something of an apology." When the controversy failed to subside, <mask> addressed the issue again on his June 15 show, faulting himself for the error and apologizing "especially to the two daughters involved, Bristol and Willow, and also to the governor and her family and everybody else who was outraged by the joke."Rodriguez demanded an apology for implying that he was a child molester. Letterman never specifically apologized to Rodriguez. Al-Qaeda death threat
On August 17, 2011, it was reported that an Islamist militant had posted a death threat against <mask> on a website frequented by Al-Qaeda supporters, calling on American Muslims to kill him for making a joke about the death of Ilyas Kashmiri, an Al-Qaeda leader who was killed in a June 2011 drone strike in Pakistan. In his August 22 show, Letterman joked about the threat, saying "State Department authorities are looking into this. They're not taking this lightly. They're looking into it. They're questioning, they're interrogating, there's an electronic trail—but everybody knows it's Leno."Appearances in other media

<mask> appeared in the pilot


texts: episode of the short-lived 1986 series Coach Toast, and appears with a bag over his head as a guest on Bonnie Hunt's 1990s sitcom The Building. He appeared in The Simpsons as himself in a couch gag when the Simpsons find themselves (and the couch) in Late Night with <mask>. He had a cameo in the feature film Cabin Boy, with Chris Elliott, who worked as a writer for Letterman. In this and other appearances, <mask> is listed in the credits as "Earl Hofert", the name of <mask>'s maternal grandfather. He also appeared as himself in the Howard Stern biographical film Private Parts and the 1999 Andy Kaufman biopic Man on the Moon, in a few episodes of Garry Shandling's 1990s TV series The Larry Sanders Show, and in "The Abstinence", a 1996 episode of the sitcom Seinfeld. Letterman provided vocals for the Warren Zevon song "Hit Somebody" from My Ride's Here, and provided the voice for Butt-head's father in the 1996 animated film Beavis and Butt-Head Do America, again credited as Earl Hofert. Letterman was the focus of The Avengers on "Late Night with <mask>man", issue 239 (January 1984) of the Marvel comic book series The Avengers, in which the title characters (specifically Hawkeye, Wonder Man, Black Widow, Beast, and Black Panther) are guests on Late Night.A parody of Letterman named <mask> is gassed to death along with his bandleader, Paul, and their audience in Frank Miller's The Dark Knight Returns. In SWAT Kats: The Radical Squadron, Letterman was parodied as "<mask>tterbin". <mask> appears in issues 13–14 and 18 of Harvey Pekar's autobiographical comic book American Splendor. Those issues show Pekar's accounts of appearances

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Letterman
Letterman
David Letter
David Endochrine
David Li
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 on Late Night. In 2010, a documentary directed by Joke Fincioen and Biagio Messina, Dying to do Letterman, was released, featuring Steve Mazan, a standup comic, who has cancer and wants to appear on Letterman's show. The film won best documentary and jury awards at the Cinequest Film Festival. Mazan published a book of the same name (full title Dying to Do Letterman: Turning Someday into Today) about his own saga.Letterman appeared as a guest on CNN's Piers Morgan Tonight on May 29, 2012, when he was interviewed by Regis Philbin, the guest host and <mask>'s longtime friend. Philbin again interviewed <mask> (and Shaffer) while guest-hosting CBS's The Late Late Show (between the tenures of Craig Ferguson and James Corden) on January 27, 2015. In June 2013, <mask> appeared in the second episode of season two of Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee. On November 5, 2013, he and Bruce McCall published a fiction satire book, This Land Was Made for You and Me (But Mostly Me), . In Week 13 of the 2021 NFL season, <mask> joined Peyton and Eli Manning on their ESPN2 feed of the Monday Night Football game between the New England Patriots and Buffalo Bills. Letterman mocked Bill Belichick after he was caught on camera wiping his nose with his shirt and was in the middle of recalling being with Roger Goodell when Goodell was booed at the unveiling of Peyton Manning's statue in Indianapolis when ESPN suddenly cut to commercials. On January 25, 2022, current Late Night host Seth Meyers announced that <mask> would be the guest on the February 1 show, marking the 40th anniversary of the franchise's debut.Business ventures

Letterman started his

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 production company, Worldwide Pants Incorporated, which produced his show and several others, in 1991. The company also produces feature films and documentaries and founded its own record label, Clear Entertainment. Worldwide Pants received significant attention in December 2007 after it was announced that it had independently negotiated its own contract with the Writers Guild of America, East, thus allowing Letterman, Craig Ferguson, and their writers to return to work, while the union continued its strike against production companies, networks, and studios with whom it had not yet reached agreements. <mask>, Bobby Rahal, and Mike Lanigan co-own Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing, an auto racing team competing in the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship and NTT IndyCar series. The team has twice won the Indianapolis 500: in 2004 with driver Buddy Rice, and in 2020 with Takuma Sato. The Letterman Foundation for Courtesy and Grooming is a private foundation through which Letterman has donated millions of dollars to charities and other nonprofit organizations in Indiana and Montana, celebrity-affiliated organizations such as Paul Newman's Hole in the Wall Gang Camp, Ball State University, the American Cancer Society, the Salvation Army, and Médecins Sans Frontières. Influences
Letterman's biggest influence and mentor was Johnny Carson.Other comedians who influenced Letterman were Paul Dixon, Steve Allen, Jonathan Winters, Garry Moore, Jack Paar, Don Rickles, and <mask>. Although Ernie Kovacs has also been mentioned as an influence, Letterman has denied this. Comedians influenced by Letterman include Conan O'Brien, Jon Stewart,

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David Brenner


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 Stephen Colbert, Ray Romano, Jimmy Kimmel, Jay Leno, Arsenio Hall, Larry Wilmore, Seth Meyers, Norm Macdonald, Jimmy Fallon, John Oliver, and James Corden. Personal life

Letterman suffers from tinnitus, a symptom of hearing loss. On the Late Show in 1996, he talked about his experience with tinnitus during an interview with William Shatner, who has severe tinnitus caused by an on-set explosion. Letterman has said that he was initially unable to pinpoint the noise inside his head and that he hears a constant ringing in his ears. Letterman no longer drinks alcohol.On more than one occasion, he said that he had once been a "horrible alcoholic" and had begun drinking around the age of 13 and continued until 1981 when he was 34. He has said that in 1981, "I was drunk 80% of the time ... I loved it. I was one of those guys, I looked around, and everyone else had stopped drinking and I couldn't understand why." When he was shown drinking what appears to be alcohol on Late Night or the Late Show, it was actually apple juice. In 2015, Letterman said of his anxiety: "For years and years and years—30, 40 years—I was anxious and hypochondriacal and an alcoholic, and many, many other things that made me different from other people." He became calmer through a combination of Transcendental Meditation and low doses of medication.<mask> is a Presbyterian, a religious tradition he was originally brought up in by his mother, though he once said he was motivated by "Lutheran, Midwestern guilt". Marriages, relationships, and family
On July 2, 1968, <mask> married his college sweetheart, Michelle Cook, in Muncie, Indiana; they divorced by

masks: Letterman Letterman


texts:
 October 1977. He also had a long-term cohabiting relationship with the former head writer and producer on Late Night, Merrill Markoe, from 1978 to 1988. Markoe created several Late Night staples, such as "Stupid Pet/Human Tricks". Time magazine wrote that theirs was the defining relationship of <mask>'s career, with Markoe also acting as his writing partner. She "put the surrealism in Letterman's comedy." <mask> and Regina Lasko started dating in February 1986, while he was still living with Markoe.Lasko gave birth to their son, Harry Joseph <mask>, on November 3, 2003. Harry is named after Letterman's father. In 2005, police discovered a plot to kidnap Letterman's son and demand a $5 million ransom. Kelly Frank, a house painter who had worked for Letterman, was charged in the conspiracy. <mask> and Lasko wed on March 19, 2009, in a quiet courthouse civil ceremony in Choteau, Montana, where he had purchased a ranch in 1999. Letterman announced the marriage during the taping of his show of March 23, shortly after congratulating Bruce Willis on his marriage the week before. Letterman told the audience he nearly missed the ceremony because his truck became stuck in mud two miles from their house.The family resides in North Salem, New York, on a  estate. Extortion attempt and revelation of affairs
On October 1, 2009, <mask> announced on his show that he had been the victim of a blackmail attempt by a person threatening to reveal his sexual relationships with several of his female employees—a fact Letterman immediately thereafter confirmed. He said that someone had left a package in his car with material he said he would write


texts: into a screenplay and a book if Letterman did not pay him $2 million. <mask> said that he contacted the Manhattan District Attorney's office and partook in a sting operation that involved the handover of a fake check to the extortionist. Joe Halderman, a producer of the CBS news magazine television series 48 Hours, was arrested around noon (EST) on October 1, 2009, after trying to deposit the check. He was indicted by a Manhattan grand jury following testimony from Letterman and pleaded not guilty to a charge of attempted grand larceny on October 2, 2009. Halderman pleaded guilty in March 2010 and was sentenced to six months in prison, followed by probation and community service.A central figure in the case and one of the women with whom Letterman had had a sexual relationship was his longtime personal assistant Stephanie Birkitt, who often appeared on the show. She had also worked for 48 Hours. Until a month before the revelations, she had shared a residence with Halderman, who allegedly had copied her personal diary and used it, along with private emails, in the blackmail package. In the days following the initial announcement of the affairs and the arrest, several prominent women, including Kathie Lee Gifford, co-host of NBC's Today Show, and NBC news anchor Ann Curry, questioned whether Letterman's affairs with subordinates created an unfair working environment. A spokesman for Worldwide Pants said that the company's sexual harassment policy did not prohibit sexual relationships between managers and employees. According to business news reporter Eve Tahmincioglu, "CBS suppliers are supposed to follow the company's


texts:
 business conduct policies" and the CBS 2008 Business Conduct Statement states that "If a consenting romantic or sexual relationship between a supervisor and a direct or indirect subordinate should develop, CBS requires the supervisor to disclose this information to his or her Company's Human Resources Department". On October 3, 2009, a former CBS employee, Holly Hester, announced that she and Letterman had engaged in a yearlong secret affair in the early 1990s while she was his intern and a student at New York University.On October 5, 2009, <mask> devoted a segment of his show to a public apology to his wife and staff. Three days later, Worldwide Pants announced that Birkitt had been placed on a "paid leave of absence" from the Late Show. On October 15, CBS News announced that the company's chief investigative correspondent, Armen Keteyian, had been assigned to conduct an "in-depth investigation" into <mask>. Stalkers
Beginning in May 1988, Letterman was stalked by Margaret Mary Ray, a woman suffering from schizophrenia. She stole his Porsche, camped out on his tennis court, and repeatedly broke into his house. Her exploits drew national attention, with <mask> occasionally joking about her on his show, though he never named her. After she killed herself at age 46 in October 1998, <mask> told The New York Times that he had great compassion for her.A spokesperson for Letterman said: "This is a sad ending to a confused life." In 2005 another person was able to obtain a restraining order from a New Mexico judge, prohibiting Letterman from contacting her. She claimed he had sent her coded messages via his television program,


texts:
 causing her bankruptcy and emotional distress.Judge Daniel Sanchez's restraining order, from the Volokh Conspiracy accessed 15 June 2019 Law professor Eugene Volokh called the case "patently frivolous". Interests
Letterman is a car enthusiast and owns an extensive collection. In 2012, it was reported that the collection consisted of ten Ferraris, eight Porsches, four Austin-Healeys, two Honda motorcycles, a Chevy pickup, and one car each from automakers Mercedes-Benz, Jaguar, MG, Volvo, and Pontiac. In his 2013 appearance on Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee, part of Jerry Seinfeld's conversation with Letterman was filmed in Letterman's 1995 Volvo 960 station wagon, which is powered by a 380-horsepower racing engine. Paul Newman had the car built for Letterman.<mask> shares a close relationship with the rock and roll band Foo Fighters since its appearance on his first show upon his return from heart surgery. The band appeared many times on the Late Show, including a week-long stint in October 2014. While introducing the band's performance of "Miracle" on the show of October 17, 2014, <mask> told the story of how a souvenir video of himself and his four-year-old son learning to ski used the song as background music, unbeknownst to Letterman until he saw it. He stated: "This is the second song of theirs that will always have great, great meaning for me for the rest of my life". This was the first time the band had heard this story. Worldwide Pants co-produced Dave Grohl's Sonic Highways TV series. "<mask> was the first person to get behind this project," Grohl said.Filmography
 Film

Television

Awards, honors and legacyDavid

masks: Letterman Letterman Letterman


texts:
 Letterman Communication and Media BuildingOn September 7, 2007, Letterman visited his alma mater, Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana, for the dedication of a communications facility named in his honor for his dedication to the university. The $21 million,  David Letterman Communication and Media Building opened for the 2007 fall semester. Thousands of Ball State students, faculty, and local residents welcomed Letterman back to Indiana. <mask>'s emotional speech touched on his struggles as a college student and his late father, and also included the "top ten good things about having your name on a building", finishing with "if reasonable people can put my name on a $21 million building, anything is possible." Over many years Letterman "has provided substantial assistance to [Ball State's] Department of Telecommunications, including an annual scholarship that bears his name." At the same time, Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels gave <mask> a Sagamore of the Wabash award, which recognizes distinguished service to the state of Indiana.Awards and nominations'''

In his capacities as either a performer, producer, or as part of a writing team, <mask> is among the most nominated people in the history of the Emmy Awards, with 52 nominations, winning two Daytime Emmys and ten Primetime Emmys since 1981. He won four American Comedy Awards and in 2011 became the first recipient of the Johnny Carson Award for Comedic Excellence at The Comedy Awards.<mask> was a recipient of the 2012 Kennedy Center Honors, where he was called "one of the most influential personalities in the history of television, entertaining an entire generation of


texts:
 late-night viewers with his unconventional wit and charm." On May 16, 2017, <mask> was named the next recipient of the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor, the award granted annually by the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. He received the prize in a ceremony on October 22, 2017. References

Further reading
 , "Book Review: The Legacy of <mask>, Icon of the Grizzled Generation" by Tom Carson, The New York Times'', April 10, 2017

External links

1947 births
Living people
20th-century American comedians
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American people of English descent
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Male actors from Indianapolis
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Primetime Emmy Award winners
Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing
Television anchors from Indianapolis
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Weather

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George Frederick "Foghorn or Calliope<mask> (August 15, 1864 – April 6, 1909) was an American professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1884 through 1896 for the Pittsburgh Alleghenys / Pirates, St. Louis Browns, and Louisville Colonels. In 1894, he was a player-manager for the Browns. Born in Brooklyn, <mask> entered minor league baseball at the age of 18 and advanced to the major leagues the next season. Primarily a catcher, <mask> shunned the protective equipment that was becoming standard for that position, and that made catching too physically demanding to do every day. As a result, on days when his team was resting him as a catcher, they used him almost anywhere else on the field. He became the first major league player to appear in 20 or more games at all eight non-pitching positions.After his last major league appearance in 1896, he was a minor league player, manager and part-owner at various points through 1903. Not much is known about the few years that <mask> spent in retirement from professional baseball. He died in Brooklyn of kidney disease in 1909. Early career
In 1883, an 18-year-old <mask> debuted in professional baseball with the Harrisburg squad in the Interstate Association. A year later, he made the major leagues with the Pittsburgh Alleghenys of the American Association (AA). He spent ten seasons in Pittsburgh, staying with the team in 1887 when the team joined the National League (NL), ultimately becoming known as the Pirates. In the AA, players and coaches often kept up lively chatter during the games, but <mask> was even more energetic than most of his peers.When Pittsburgh came to the NL, their opponents were often

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" Miller
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texts:
 taken aback by the 5'6" catcher's steady stream of booming exclamations. His nickname, "<mask>", alluded to his hobby of dog breeding, but <mask> was sometimes also known as "Calliope" or "Foghorn" – references to his gruff voice and boisterous manner – especially early in his career. He became known for some characteristic mannerisms, including what sportswriter Hugh Fullerton described as "a funny little ballet girl kick" just before he swung the bat. <mask> could play almost any position on the field, but he was most comfortable as a catcher. However, overhand pitching had been introduced in professional baseball around the time that <mask>'s career started, and most catchers had started to wear protective equipment such as a chest protector. <mask>'s refusal to don the chest protector made that position more physically demanding, limiting his playing time at that position. While he could not catch every day, <mask>'s defense at any other position was often subpar."[<mask>] covered about as much ground as a woodshed, and threw to first like a drunkard with a cork leg," writer Len Washburn once said of a game in which <mask> played shortstop for Pittsburgh. Still, he became the first major league player to spend 20 or more games at each non-pitching position. Move to the National League
When the upstart Players' League emerged before the 1890 season, nearly all of Pittsburgh's roster moved over to the new league or to other teams; only <mask> and Billy Sunday remained on the NL team, so the roster was filled by minor league or semipro replacement players and the team finished 23–113 that year. With Pittsburgh that year, <mask> played in an extremely rare tripleheader; as

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texts: of 2018, it is one of three times in baseball history that three games were played by the same teams on the same day. The hapless Pittsburgh team lost all three games to the Brooklyn squad; with Pittsburgh trailing by one run in the first game, <mask> hit a triple and was thrown out trying to stretch the triple into a home run. After the Players' League's lone season, players like Jake Beckley returned to the NL and Pittsburgh achieved a winning record within two seasons. In 1892, <mask>'s batting average was an unremarkable .254, but he was the hardest player in the league to strike out, batting 44.5 times for every time that he struck out.By 1893, he was struggling to hit well enough to stay in the major leagues. After 41 games that season, <mask> had a .182 batting average when he was demoted to the minor leagues. Playing for the Harrisburg Hustlers of the Pennsylvania State League, <mask> rebounded well, hitting .364 in 39 games. In 1894, looking at <mask>'s experience as a team captain and his improved performance once in the minor leagues the year before, St. Louis Browns owner Chris von der Ahe hired <mask> as a player-manager, adding him to the carousel of men who managed the team for a season or less in the 1890s. Von der Ahe, notorious for meddling in the field management of his teams, promised <mask> that he would not interfere. <mask> promised von der Ahe that he would avoid drinking. "Neither man was true to his word," researcher J. Thomas Hetrick wrote in a biography of von der Ahe.During one game that year, von der Ahe sent the team's official scorer down to the field to replace a hungover <mask> as manager for the day. <mask> did implement a stark change for

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 the Browns shortly after taking the job. He thought that rifle shooting would help with eye–hand coordination, so he took his players to a shooting range each morning. On defense, <mask> began catching much less frequently; he played more often at third base and at a few other positions. When he was not on the field, <mask> performed in the Wild West show that von der Ahe had bought from Buck Taylor. His team finished 56–76–1. <mask> came back as a player in 1895, but von der Ahe hired Al Buckenberger to step in as manager.Later life
In 1896, <mask> spent the season with the Louisville Colonels, playing in 98 games that year. They released him after that season, and he signed with the Minneapolis Millers of the Western League for 1897. Early that year, newspaper reports held that Cap Anson was interested in signing him to a major league contract. However, <mask> played a full season for the Millers, hitting .338 and stealing 45 bases, and he never returned to the major leagues. His career statistics are mostly unremarkable, except that as of 2018 he ranks 12th all-time in career at-bat-to-strikeout ratio (33.7). <mask> finished his playing career with a two-year stint in Fort Wayne, Indiana. There, after he was ejected from a 1900 game, he accosted the umpire after the game and bloodied the umpire's face.<mask> was arrested and was fined $100 by the team, and a newspaper report speculated that he might not be allowed to play professionally anymore. He was allowed to continue playing with the Fort Wayne team through the 1901 season. In 1902, <mask> was co-owner and player-manager of the Saginaw White Sox (Saginaw, Michigan) of the Michigan State League during some unusual

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 events that led to the team's relocation to another city in the middle of the season. <mask>'s co-owner, C. F. Baker of Fort Wayne, Indiana, failed to pay salaries, league fees and other bills. <mask> was said to have been an innocent victim of Baker's attempt to pocket extra money. In July 1902, <mask> had the team transferred to W. W. Todd of the drug company known as Waldron & Todd. Todd lived in Jackson, Michigan, and the team relocated there with its roster unaffected and with <mask> staying on as manager.<mask> managed and played for the Dayton Veterans of the new Central League in 1903. This appears to have been his last appearance in professional baseball. Relatively little is known about his life after that, though there is a reference to <mask> pursuing umpiring on some level. He died of kidney disease in his Brooklyn home in 1909. He was buried at Lutheran All Faiths Cemetery in Brooklyn. See also
List of Major League Baseball career stolen bases leaders

Notes

References

External links

1864 births
1909 deaths
Pittsburgh Alleghenys players
Pittsburgh Pirates players
Louisville Colonels players
St. Louis Browns (NL) players
Major League Baseball catchers
Major League Baseball outfielders
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Omaha Omahogs players
St. Joseph Saints players
Fort Wayne Indians players
Reading Coal Heavers players
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Jackson White Sox players
Dayton Veterans

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<mask> of Castile (; 4 March 1188 – 27 November 1252) was Queen consort of France by marriage to Louis VIII. She acted as regent twice during the reign of her son, Louis IX: during his minority from 1226 until 1234, and during his absence from 1248 until 1252. She was born in Palencia, Spain, 1188, the third daughter of Alfonso VIII, King of Castile, and Eleanor of England. Early life
In her youth, she visited the Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, founded by her parents, several times. In consequence of the Treaty of Le Goulet between Philip Augustus and John of England, <mask>'s sister, Urraca, was betrothed to Philip's son, Louis. After meeting the two sisters, their grandmother Eleanor of Aquitaine (who had been a queen consort of France herself) judged that <mask>'s personality was more fit to fulfil the role. In the spring of 1200, Eleanor crossed the Pyrenees with her and brought her to France instead.Appearance
Eleanor of Aquitaine judged that Urraca, <mask>'s sister, was more beautiful than <mask>, although Catherine Hanley states we have no knowledge what <mask> looked like. Marriage
On 22 May 1200 the treaty was finally signed, John ceding along with his niece the fiefs of Issoudun and Graçay, together with those that André de Chauvigny, lord of Châteauroux, held in Berry, of the English crown. The marriage was celebrated the next day, at Port-Mort on the right bank of the Seine, in John's domains, as those of Philip lay under an

masks: Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche


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 interdict. <mask> was twelve years of age, and Louis was only a year older so the marriage was consummated a few years later. <mask> bore her first child in 1205. During the English barons' rebellion of 1215–16 against King John, it was <mask>'s English ancestry as granddaughter to Henry II that led to Louis being offered the throne of England as Louis I. However, with the death of John in October 1216, the barons changed their allegiance to John's son, the nine-year-old Henry.Louis continued to claim the English crown in her right, only to find a united nation against him. Philip Augustus refused to help his son, and <mask> was his sole support. <mask> raised money from her father-in-law by threatening to put up her children as hostages. She established herself at Calais and organized two fleets, one of which was commanded by Eustace the Monk, and an army under Robert of Courtenay. With French forces defeated at Lincoln in May 1217 and then routed on their way back to their London stronghold, Louis desperately needed the reinforcements from France. On 24 August, the English fleet destroyed the French fleet carrying those reinforcements off Sandwich and Louis was forced to sue for peace. Regency
Philip died in July 1223, and Louis VIII and <mask> were crowned on August 6.Upon Louis' death in November 1226 from dysentery, he left <mask>, by then 38, regent and guardian of his children. Of her twelve or thirteen children, six had died, and Louis, the

masks: Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche


texts: heir — afterwards the sainted Louis IX — was but twelve years old. She had him crowned within a month of his father's death in Reims and forced reluctant barons to swear allegiance to him. The situation was critical, since Louis VIII had died without having completely subdued his southern nobles. The king's minority made the Capetian domains even more vulnerable. To gain support, she released Ferdinand, Count of Flanders, who had been in captivity since the Battle of Bouvines. She ceded land and castles to Philip I, Count of Boulogne, son of Philip II and his controversial wife, Agnes of Merania.Several key barons, led by Peter Mauclerc, refused to recognize the coronation of the young king. Shortly after the coronation, <mask> and Louis were traveling south of Paris and nearly captured. <mask> appealed to the people of Paris to protect their king. The citizens lined the roads and protected him as he returned. Helped by Theobald IV of Champagne and the papal legate to France, Romano Bonaventura, she organized an army. Its sudden appearance brought the nobles momentarily to a halt. Twice more did <mask> have to muster an army to protect Capetian interests against rebellious nobles and Henry III of England.<mask> organized a surprise attack in the winter. In January 1229, she led her forces to attack Mauclerc and force him to recognize the king. She accompanied the army herself and helped collect wood to keep the soldiers warm. Not everyone was happy

masks: Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche


texts:
 with her administration. Her enemies called her “Dame Hersent” (the wolf in the Roman de Renart)

In 1229, she was responsible for the Treaty of Paris, in which Raymond VII, Count of Toulouse, submitted to Louis. By the terms of the agreement, his daughter and heir, Joan, married <mask>'s son, Alphonse, and the county could only pass to his heirs. He gave up all the lands conquered by Simon de Montfort to the crown of France.It also meant the end of the Albigensian Crusade. To prevent Henry III of England from gaining more French lands through marriage, <mask> denied him the first two brides he sought. In 1226, he sought to marry Yolande of Brittany, Mauclerc's daughter. <mask> instead forced her father to give Yolande to <mask>'s son John. When Henry became engaged to Joan, Countess of Ponthieu, <mask> lobbied the Pope to deny the marriage based on consanguinity, denying the dispensation Henry sought. In 1230, Henry III came to invade France. At the cost of some of the crown's influence in Poitou, <mask> managed to keep the English Queen mother Isabelle, Countess of Angoulême and her second husband, Hugh X of Lusignan, from supporting the English side.However Mauclerc did support the English and Brittany rebelled against the crown in 1230. Originally the English landed in Brittany with 275 knights, men at arms, and barons to meet his ally Peter I, Duke of Brittany. The campaign began well for Henry III who probably recruited foot soldiers on the


texts: continent as he brought 7,800 marks with him. On the other hand, <mask>'s troops were insubordinate to her and refused to serve beyond the 40 day feudal contract- most disbanded after 40 days. Philip I, Count of Boulogne left the royal forces and proceeded to raid Champagne. <mask> had to chase Philip to try and stop him from raiding the important county leaving Henry III to proceed without serious resistance. Meanwhile, the Norman nobles were also in open rebellion against <mask>.However, instead of marching to help the Norman rebels, he followed his vassal, advisor, and former regent  Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent's advice and marched into Poitou. However it appears that Henry's excursion to Aquitaine was not necessary despite the calls for help by <mask> who probably panicked due to a slight rise in unrest in Aquitaine. Henry besieged Mirabeau and proceeded to Bordeaux, apparently "securing" the south while also losing massive amounts of money and being forced to take loans. What made it worse was that Aquitaine was not in any serious danger of being taken by the French because what remained of the French royal army was trying to quash a rebellion in Champagne, nowhere near Aquitaine. However it was not a complete loss. Henry was able to get money, military engines, and bolts for crossbows along with the militia of La Réole. Henry marched north into Poitou but the gifts which <mask> had sent to the count of La Marche and the viscount of Thouars

masks:
Blanche
Blanche
Blanche
Geoffrey Beauchamp
Blanche


texts:
 kept them loyal to the French.Although the local lords could not see Henry off, he was either unable or unwilling to commit to a large offensive investment and decided to return to Brittany where he spent the remainder of his money on feasts. He proceeded to England having accomplished little. He lost money and prestige even if he had not taken significant casualties. Thus the rebellion died out, which helped establish <mask> and Louis as more stable rulers. Henry's failure to make any significant impact with his invasions ultimately discouraged Mauclerc's rebellion, and by 1234 he was firm in his support of Louis. St. Louis owed his realm to his mother and remained under her influence for the duration of her life. Queen mother
In 1233, Raymond of Toulouse was starting to chafe under the terms of the treaty of Paris, and so <mask> sent one of her knights, Giles of Flagy, to convince him to cooperate.<mask> had also heard through troubadours of the beauty, grace, and religious devotion of the daughters of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence. So she assigned her knight a second mission to visit Provence. Giles found a much better reception in Provence than in Toulouse. Upon his return to Paris, <mask> decided that a Provençal marriage would suit her son and help keep Toulouse in check. In 1234, Louis married Margaret of Provence, who was the eldest of the four daughters of Ramon, Count of Provence, and Beatrice of Savoy. She did not have a good


texts:
 relationship with her daughter-in-law, perhaps due to the controlling relationship she had with her son. To maintain better control over the new queen, <mask> dismissed the family and servants who had come to her wedding before the couple reached Paris.Prior to the arrival of the new queen, <mask> was considered the beauty of the court, and had poems written about her beauty by the count of Champagne. In 1230, it was even rumoured that she was pregnant by Romano Bonaventura. The new queen drew the attention of the court and the king away from <mask>, so she sought to keep them apart as much as she could. Jean de Joinville tells of the time when Queen Margaret was giving birth and <mask> entered the room telling her son to leave saying "Come ye hence, ye do naught here". Queen Margaret then allegedly fainted out of distress. One contemporary biographer notes that when Queen <mask> was present in the royal household, she did not like Margaret and Louis to be together "except when he went to lie with her". In 1239, <mask> insisted on a fair hearing for the Jews, who were under threat by increasing anti Judaism in France.She presided over a formal disputation in the king's court. Louis insisted on the burning of the Talmud and other Jewish books, but <mask> promised Rabbi Yehiel of Paris, who spoke for the Jews, that he and his goods were under her protection. Second regency and death
In 1248, <mask> again became regent, during Louis IX's absence on the

masks: Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche Blanche


texts:
 Crusade, a project which she had strongly opposed. In the disasters which followed she maintained peace, while draining the land of men and money to aid her son in the East. She fell ill at Melun in November 1252, and was taken to Paris, but lived only a few days. She was buried at Maubuisson Abbey, which she had founded herself. Louis heard of her death in the following spring and reportedly did not speak to anyone for two days afterwards.Patronage and learning
<mask> was a patron of the arts and owned a variety of books, both in French and in Latin. Some of these were meant as teaching tools for her son. Le Miroir de l'Ame was dedicated to <mask>. It instructs queens to rigorously practice Christian virtues in daily life. She oversaw the education of her children, all of whom studied Latin. She also insisted on lessons in Christian morals for all of them. Both Louis and Isabelle, her only surviving daughter, were canonized.The chanson Amours ou trop tard me suis pris, a prayer to the Virgin Mary, is often attributed to <mask>. Issue
 <mask> (1205 – died soon after). Philip (9 September 1209 – before July 1218), betrothed in July 1215 to Agnes of Donzy. Alphonse (b. and d. Lorrez-le-Bocage, 26 January 1213), twin of John. John (b. and d. Lorrez-le-Bocage, 26 January 1213), twin of Alphonse. Louis IX (Poissy, 25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270, Tunis), King of France as successor to his father. Robert (25 September 1216 – 9 February 1250, killed in


texts:
 battle, Manssurah, Egypt), Count of Artois.Philip (20 February 1218 – 1220). John (21 July 1219 – 1232), Count of Anjou and Maine; betrothed in March 1227 to Yolande of Brittany. Alphonse (Poissy, 11 November 1220 – 21 August 1271, Corneto), Count of Poitou and Auvergne, and by marriage, of Toulouse. Philip Dagobert (20 February 1222 – 1232). Isabelle (March 1224 – 23 February 1270). Etienne (end 1225 – early 1227). Charles (end 1226/early 1227 – 7 January 1285), Count of Anjou and Maine, by marriage Count of Provence and Folcalquier, and King of Sicily.Literature
<mask> of Castile is mentioned in François Villon's 15th century poem Ballade des Dames du Temps Jadis (Ballad of Ladies of Times Past), together with other famous women of history and mythology. <mask>'s selection as bride for Louis and travel to France is noted in Elizabeth Chadwick's The Autumn Throne. <mask> and Isabella of Angoulême are the main characters in Jean Plaidy's novel The Battle of the Queens, and she is briefly mentioned in Marcel Proust's Swann's Way. <mask> is a key character in the novel "Four Sisters, All Queens", by Sherry Jones. She is also a central antagonist in the fictional middle grade novel, 'The Inquisitor's Tale', Written by Adam Gidwitz. The character <mask> of Castile is featured in the Shakespearean history play King John. <mask> is mentioned disparagingly by a character (Doctor Cottard) in Proust's novel, “Swann’s Way”.In popular culture
An image of <mask>


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 of Castile has been used on the home kit of French Rugby Union team Stade Français since the 2008 season. During the 1950s French restaurateur Noël Corbu claimed that Blanche of Castile had deposited a treasure in Rennes-le-Château that was later discovered by Bérenger Saunière during the late 19th century. This was later utilised by Pierre Plantard in his development of the Priory of Sion mythology. Notes

Sources

Further reading
Aside from the works of Joinville and William of Nangis, see Élie Berger, "Histoire de Blanche de Castille, reine de France", in Bibliothèque des Ecoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome, vol. lxx. (Paris, 1895); Le Nain de Tillemont, "Vie de Saint Louis", ed. by J. de Gaulle for the Société de l'histoire de France (6 vols., 1847–1851); and Paulin Paris, "Nouvelles recherches sur les mœurs de la reine Blanche et de Thibaud", in Cabinet historique (1858).External links

 Women's Biography: <mask> of Castile, queen of France, epistolae.ccnmtl.columbia.edu; accessed 14 April 2014. 1188 births
1252 deaths
13th-century women rulers
13th-century French people
13th-century French women
13th-century rulers in Europe
12th-century nobility from León and Castile
13th-century Castilians
Castilian infantas
Countesses of Artois
French queens consort
Castilian House of Burgundy
House of Capet
People from Palencia
Regents of France
Queen mothers
Women in medieval European warfare
Women in war in France
Women in 13th-century warfare
Louis


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Sir <mask> (31 March 1930 – 10 October 2006) was Secretary-General of the General Synod of the Church of England from 1972 until 1990. Early life
<mask> was born at Barrow-in-Furness, the only child of civil servant <mask> (1898–1970) and Elizabeth (née Burgess; 1895–1986), a primary school teacher. He was educated at the County Grammar School, Whitehaven and at The Queen's College, Oxford, where, despite having won the Stanhope Historical Essay Prize, he obtained only Second Class in the Final Honour School of Modern History. He received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1952 and Master of Arts in 1956. He had been a member of the Church of England since his childhood but during his time at Oxford he moved from the Low Church to Anglo-Catholicism. An alternative version states that he grew up an Anglo-Catholic, that his religious enthusiasm waned at Oxford, and that he returned to the Church when working as a civil servant. Career

Civil Service
He entered HM Civil Service, working in the Inland Revenue from 1952 until 1962 and HM Treasury from 1962 until 1965, returning in 1965 as Assistant Secretary in the Inland Revenue, and transferring back to HM Treasury in 1968.General Synod
In 1970 Gerald Ellison, then Bishop of Chester, suggested that he should apply for the position of Associate Secretary-General of the General Synod of the Church of England, with the intention that, if appointed, he should succeed as Secretary-General on the retirement of Sir John Scott. He was appointed to the Associate's position and he was Secretary-General from 1972 until 1990. It is said that he enjoyed better relations with the Anglo-Catholic archbishops Michael Ramsey and Robert Runcie than he did with the evangelical Donald Coggan, for reasons of both Churchmanship and administrative style. He was not

masks:
William Derek Pattinson
Pattinson
Thomas William Pattinson


texts:
 enthusiastic about the ordination of women but regarded it as inevitable and was quite happy with women priests when they were eventually ordained. He was a keen promoter of black and other ethnic minority members of the synod. He was also a key figure in the establishment of the Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe. He was first touched by scandal in 1987 in connection with the Preface to Crockford's Clerical Directory, written anonymously by his friend the Revd Canon Gareth Bennett, Dean of Divinity of New College, Oxford, who committed suicide as a result of the controversy it caused.<mask> was responsible for commissioning the Preface and was thought to have failed to predict the outcome of publishing it. The Standing Committee of the General Synod decided that he was without blame in the incident. Shortly before his retirement in 1990 he was appointed Knight Bachelor by the Queen in the Queen's Birthday Honours, and he received the accolade on 6 November 1990. At this point he was thinking about ordination and, since Church of England clergy are not allowed to receive the accolade, it has been suggested that it was impolitic of him to accept the honour. However, correspondence with Buckingham Palace in November 1991 accepted Sir <mask>'s use of the accolade without setting a precedent for others. A less formal honour marking his retirement was the singing, in the General Synod, of a variation on the Major-General's Song from The Pirates of Penzance with the line, "He was the very model of a Secretary-General". Ordination
Despite not having attended a bishops' selection conference, he was accepted for ordination.He trained for two terms at St Deiniol's Library and was ordained deacon in 1991 by Graham Leonard. The service was threatened with interruption by a journalist from The Daily Mail

masks: Pattinson Derek


texts:
 who wanted to know whether Sir <mask> was gay. Following a further term at the College of the Resurrection he was ordained priest in 1992 by David Hope. Both services took place at St Gabriel's Church in Pimlico, in central London where he was non-stipendiary priest from 1991 until 2000. Private life
On 30 November 1992 Barnaby Miln - a homosexual activist, Justice of the Peace, and former member of the House of Laity of the General Synod of the Church of England - was asked to afternoon tea with the Bishop of London who asked about Sir <mask>'s drinking problem following reports he had received. They agreed, that for the sake of Barnaby Miln's well-being, he and Sir <mask> should no longer live together. The bishop thanked Barnaby Miln for looking after Sir <mask> and assisted him in finding alternative accommodation.The bishop arranged that Barnaby Miln take Sir <mask>, on 1 December 1992, to a consultant in Harley Street in the expectation that he would be sent to a clinic for specialist treatment. The consultant failed to persuade Sir <mask> who, the following day, attended a local clergy chapter at Westminster Abbey which happened to be attended by the bishop. Seeing the state he was in, on 3 December 1992 the bishop wrote to Sir <mask> suspending his license for an initial period of six weeks. On 4 December 1992, The Independent claimed that Sir <mask> had been living with Barnaby Miln. Barnaby Miln returned in September 2000 to live with and care for Sir <mask> whose health had deteriorated. In the last edition of Who's Who published before Sir <mask>'s death Barnaby Miln was named as his partner, and was the executor of his estate. <mask> was a Freemason, initiated in 1960 in the Kaisar-i-Hind Lodge (London), and became a Royal Arch Mason in 1962 in the Oxford & Cambridge

masks: Derek Derek Derek Derek Derek Derek Derek Derek Derek Derek Pattinson


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 University Chapter (London).He was an officer of the United Grand Lodge of England from 1979. He was a member of the Athenaeum Club and the Savile Club. He became a Freeman of the City of London in 1973 and was a member of the Woolmen's Company and of the Parish Clerks' Company, of which he was Master 1986/7. Death and legacy
Sir <mask> was diagnosed with hydrocephalus in 2000. He died in London on 10 October 2006 and his ashes are buried in Westminster Abbey. He had held numerous other appointments including membership of the Archbishops' Commission on Church and State (1966–70) and the British Council of Churches (1972–90), the vice-chairmanship of the Grosvenor Chapel Committee (1973–81), the chairmanship of Liddon Trustees (1972–2001), the William Temple Association, and of the English Friends of the Anglican Centre in Rome (1985–2001), and the principalship of the Society of the Faith (1992–2001). He was Churchwarden of St Michael's, Cornhill and Parish Clerk of St Luke's, Old Street.References

Further reading
Debrett's People of Today (12th edn, London: Debrett's Peerage, 1999), pp. 1516–17
Crockford's Clerical Directory (97th edn, London: Church House Publishing, 2001), p. 576
Michael De-la-Moy, The Church of England: A Portrait (London: Simon & Schuster, 1993)

External links

'The Rev Sir <mask>', The Times, 14 October 2006
'The Revd Sir <mask> RIP', The Church of England, 13 October 2006
Jennifer Gold, 'Church of England Mourns Death of Sir <mask>', Christian Today, 14 October 2006

1930 births
2006 deaths
Alumni of The Queen's College, Oxford
English Anglo-Catholics
LGBT Anglican clergy
20th-century English Anglican priests
Knights Bachelor
People from Barrow-in-Furness
LGBT people from England
People with hydrocephalus
Anglo-Catholic clergy
20th-century LGBT

masks:
Derek
Derek Pattinson
Derek Pattinson
Derek Pattinson


texts:
<mask> (15 May 1887 – 3 January 1959) was a Scottish poet, novelist and translator. Born on a farm in Deerness, a parish of Orkney, Scotland, he is remembered for his deeply felt and vivid poetry written in plain language and with few stylistic preoccupations. Biography
<mask> was born at the farm of Folly in Deerness, the same parish in which his mother was born. The family then moved to the island of Wyre, followed by a return to the Mainland, Orkney. In 1901, when he was 14, his father lost his farm, and the family moved to Glasgow. In quick succession his father, two brothers, and his mother died within the space of a few years. His life as a young man was a depressing experience, and involved a raft of unpleasant jobs in factories and offices, including working in a factory that turned bones into charcoal."He suffered psychologically in a most destructive way, although perhaps the poet of later years benefitted from these experiences as much as from his Orkney 'Eden'." In 1919, <mask> married Willa Anderson, and the couple moved to London. About this, <mask> wrote simply 'My marriage was the most fortunate event in my life'. Willa and her new husband worked together on many translations. Notable among them were their translation of works by Franz Kafka. They had translated The Castle within six years of Kafka's death. Willa was the more able linguist and she was the major contributor.Willa recorded in her journal that "It was ME" and that <mask> "only helped". Between 1924 and the start of the Second World War her (their) translation financed their life together. He would help her translate highly acclaimed English translations of Franz Kafka, Gerhart Hauptmann, Sholem Asch, Heinrich Mann, and Hermann Broch.

masks:
Edwin Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Edwin


texts:
 Between 1921 and 1923, <mask> lived in Prague, Dresden, Italy, Salzburg and Vienna; he returned to the UK in 1924. Between 1925 and 1956, <mask> published seven volumes of poetry which were collected after his death and published in 1991 as The Complete Poems of <mask>. From 1927 to 1932 he published three novels, and in 1935 he came to St Andrews, where he produced his controversial Scott and Scotland (1936). In 1939 in St Andrews, <mask> had a religious experience and from then onwards thought of himself as Christian, seeing Christianity as being as revolutionary as socialism.From 1946 to 1949 he was Director of the British Council in Prague and Rome. 1950 saw his appointment as Warden of Newbattle Abbey College (a college for working-class men) in Midlothian, where he met fellow Orcadian poet, George Mackay Brown. In 1955 he was made Norton Professor of English at Harvard University. He returned to Britain in 1956 but died in 1959 at Swaffham Prior, Cambridgeshire, and was buried there. A memorial bench was erected in 1962 to <mask> in the idyllic village of Swanston, Edinburgh, where he spent time during the 1950s. His wife wrote a memoir of their life together in 1967. She lived for another eleven years and died on the Isle of Bute.Work
His childhood in remote and unspoiled Orkney represented an idyllic Eden to <mask>, while his family's move to the city corresponded in his mind to a deeply disturbing encounter with the "fallen" world. <mask> came to regard his family's movement from Orkney to Glasgow as a movement from Eden to Hell. The emotional tensions of that dichotomy shaped much of his work and deeply influenced his life. The following quotation expresses the basic existential dilemma of <mask>'s

masks:
Muir
Muir
Edwin Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Muir
Edwin Muir


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 life:

"I was born before the Industrial Revolution, and am now about two hundred years old. But I have skipped a hundred and fifty of them. I was really born in 1737, and till I was fourteen no time-accidents happened to me. Then in 1751 I set out from Orkney for Glasgow.When I arrived I found that it was not 1751, but 1901, and that a hundred and fifty years had been burned
 up in my two-days' journey. But I myself was still in 1751, and remained there for a long time. All my life since I have been trying to overhaul that invisible leeway. No wonder I am obsessed with Time." (Extract from Diary 1937–39.) His psychological distress led him to undergo Jungian analysis in London. A vision in which he witnessed the creation strengthened the Edenic myth in his mind, leading him to see his life and career as the working-out of an archetypal fable.In his Autobiography he wrote, "the life of every man is an endlessly repeated performance of the life of man...". He also expressed his feeling that our deeds on Earth constitute "a myth which we act almost without knowing it". Alienation, paradox, the existential dyads of good and evil, life and death, love and hate, and images of journeys and labyrinths are key elements in his work. His Scott and Scotland advanced the claim that Scotland can create a national literature only by writing in English, an opinion that placed him in direct opposition to the Lallans movement of Hugh MacDiarmid. He had little sympathy for Scottish nationalism. His wife, Willa <mask>, translated the works of many German authors, including Franz Kafka. These were issued under their joint names, but his wife notes that he "only helped".In 1958, <mask> and Willa were granted the first

masks: Muir Edwin


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 Johann-Heinrich-Voss Translation Award. Many of their translations of German novels are still in print. In 1965 a volume of his selected poetry was edited and introduced by T. S. Eliot. Legacy
In an appreciation of <mask>'s poetry in Texas Quarterly, the critic Kathleen Raine wrote in 1961: "Time does not fade [<mask>'s poems], and it becomes clear that their excellence owes nothing to the accidental circumstances of the moment at which the poet wrote, or we read, his poems; they survive, as it were, a change of background, and we begin to see that whereas the 'new' movements of this or that decade lose their significance when the scene changes and retain only a historical interest, <mask>, a poet who never followed fashion, has in fact given more permanent expression to his world than other poets who deliberately set out to be the mouth-pieces of their generation." Similarly, Joseph H. Summers, in a retrospective assessment in the Massachusetts Review, called <mask>'s achievement in poetry and prose "larger than the merely literary. He did not share in the modern attempts to deify poetry, or language, or even the human imagination. Implicit in all of his works is the recognition that there are things more important than literature—life and love, the physical world, the individual spirit within its body: those things in which the religious man recognizes the immediate work of God.<mask>'s triumph was less in the technological realm of communication than in the vastly more difficult realm of sensitivity, perception, wisdom, the things which he communicated. It was a triumph made possible only, in the familiar paradox, by humility." Putnam's Sons, 1934
The Hill of Lies by Heinrich Mann, London, Jarrolds,

masks:
Muir
Muir
Edwin Muir
Muir
Muir


texts:
 1934
Mottke, the Thief by Sholem Asch, New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1935
The Unknown Quantity by Hermann Broch, New York, Viking Press, 1935
The Jew of Rome: A Historical Romance by Lion Feuchtwanger, London, Hutchinson, 1935
The Loom of Justice by Ernst Lothar, New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1935
Night over the East by Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn, London, Sheed & Ward, 1936
The Pretender by Lion Feuchtwanger, New York, The Viking Press, 1937
Amerika by Franz Kafka, New York, Doubleday/New Directions, 1946
The Trial by Franz Kafka, London, Martin Secker, 1937, reissued New York, The Modern Library, 1957
Metamorphosis and Other Stories by Franz Kafka, Harmondsworth, Penguin Books, 1961. References

Further reading
 Gifford, Douglas (1982), In Search of the Scottish Renaissance: The Reprinting of Scottish Fiction, in Cencrastus No. 9, Summer 1982, pp.26 – 30,
 Hearn, Sheila G. (1981), <mask>: The Myth of the Man, review of <mask>, An Autobiography; Roger Knight, <mask>: An Introduction to his Work; & Akros No. 47, August 1981, in Murray, Glen (ed. ), Cencrastus No. 7, Winter 1981–82, pp. 46 & 47,
Hearn, Sheila G. (1982), <mask>'s "Scottish" Criticism, which includes reviews of <mask>: Uncollected Scottish Criticism by Andrew Noble and Poor Tom by <mask>, in Cencrastus No. 9, Summer 1982, pp. 41 & 42,
 Hearn, Sheila G. (1983), Tradition and the Individual Scot: <mask> & T.S.Eliot, in Cencrastus No. 13, Summer 1983, pp. 21 - 24,

External links

<mask>'s grave

1887 births
1959 deaths
20th-century Scottish poets
20th-century Scottish novelists
People from Orkney
Harvard University faculty
Scottish scholars and academics
Scottish translators
German–English translators
Scottish Renaissance
Translators of Franz

masks:
Muir
Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir


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<mask> (born 18 December 1961) is a Scottish radio and TV broadcaster currently on air at Pure Radio Scotland as breakfast host. <mask> hosts the <mask> Breakfast Show on Pure Radio weekday mornings from 06:00 and is also Group Head Of Radio Presentation for DCT Media which is owned by DC Thomson. Pure Radio Scotland launched on 26 November 2019 on DAB Digital radio, broadcasting to the cities of Glasgow and Edinburgh; also available via app and Smart Speaker. From 2014 to 31 May 2019, <mask> was the breakfast radio presenter for Heart Scotland. Heart Breakfast with <mask> and Adele aired every weekday from 6am-10am. <mask> is currently the breakfast host for Pure Radio Scotland since November 2019. The station launched on Wednesday 27 November 2019 at 8am.Pure Radio Scotland is available online, on smart speakers and on DAB. Pure Radio Scotland currently has 3 former Heart Scotland presenters including <mask> (formerly Heart Breakfast with <mask> & Adele) and Paul Harper and Lynne Hogan (formerly Heart Drivetime with Paul & Lynne)

Career
<mask> began his career in March 1983 as a presenter for Northsound Radio in Aberdeen. While working at the station, he joined Grampian Television (now STV North) as a continuity announcer and newsreader. <mask> presented a number of regional programmes for the station including feedback series Put It In Writing (1991–94), and Grampian's local & networked contributions for the ITV Telethons, and at Clyde 1 during 1993. During the Summer 1996, <mask> was short- listed for the role of new male presenter in a revamp of Channel 4's The Big Breakfast, but failed to get the job

Scot FM and KEY 103
<mask> left Grampian in 1995 to work on the breakfast show for the Central Scotland regional station Scot FM, which saw his rating increase by nearly 400%, helping boost SCOT FM. <mask> left the station in March 1997 after a series of clashes with then Programme director Jeff Graham. <mask> originally planned to work out the remaining time after handing in his notice, but Scot FM bosses replaced him within days and

masks:
Robin Galloway
Robin
Robin Galloway
Robin
Robin
Robin
Robin Galloway
Robin
Robin Galloway
Robin
Robin
Robin
Robin
Robin


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 concupiscence forced him to sign the agreement which banned him for taking any new jobs in Scotland.Scot FM insisted on a gagging order. Later that year, <mask> moved to Manchester to presented Drivertime show on Key 103 with stints at 100.4 Jazz FM, During this time, he also presented for Granada Sky Broadcasting and Discovery. In March 1999 <mask> started presenting a Sunday lunchtime show on Scot FM from his new home studio in Manchester which was paid for by Scot FM, his studio was also used present a Saturday morning show on Northsound 1 and Overnight slot on Century 105. Return to Scot FM Breakfast show
In December 2000 he became the Scot FM breakfast DJ for the second time, and by May 2001 he had increased his Listenership by 55%. He was joined on breakfast by Marie-Clair, <mask> also created a number of Characters and sketches for the Scot FM show,

 Cecil & Sandy: Two hairdresser from the shop Curlup and Die on Balshagme Avenue,
 Winston: A Jamaican with no morals,
 Shug the Schemie: Shug the salesman comes into the studio daily with his 'special offers' of dodgy goods. Old Mrs <mask> and Hector Brocklebank from the wind up calls. In June 2001, the Guardian Media Group acquired Scot FM from previous owners, the Wireless Group, this resulted in a major overhaul of the station including an on-air rebrand.Real Radio Scotland began broadcasting at 8am on Tuesday 8 January 2002 with <mask> having the honour of opening the station, and introducing the first song to be played, A Star is Born. Not all of his Non Wind up Characters carried over to Real Radio. Marie-Clair left in January 2004 and was replaced by Cat Harvey, who become <mask>'s new Co-host. Since 2004, <mask> has written a weekly column for The Scottish Sun, which is published every Friday. Clyde
After being Real Radio Scotland Breakfast DJ for ten years, <mask> left the station in November 2010 shortly after an incident in which his producer ran in the nude past Labour Party leader Ed Miliband while he was being interviewed - despite Miliband defending them. In January 2011,

masks: Robin Robin Robin Galloway Robin Robin Galloway Galloway


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 <mask> rejoined Clyde 1 in Glasgow to present the station's weekday drivetime show. In addition, <mask> began presenting a Sunday morning show on 9 October 2011 for the Bauer Scotland network of FM stations including Clyde 1, Forth One, Tay FM, Northsound 1, 96.7 West FM and MFR.In June 2013, Bauer, the owners of Clyde, announced that <mask> was moving over to the AM frequency to start a new networked breakfast show for Clyde 2, Forth 2, Northsound 2, Tay AM and West Sound, as part of its audience growth plans. A Bauer spokesperson said: "His new show is an integral part of Bauer Media’s plans to bring the very best programming and content to audiences across the whole of Scotland, whilst also retaining, producing and broadcasting local news, sport, traffic and travel and ‘what’s on’ information from each of the local Greatest Hits Network stations it serves: Clyde 2, Forth 2, Northsound 2, Tay AM and West Sound.". <mask>, said:"Right now I'm pinching myself. To host a brand new breakfast show for Scotland is not only an honour but way beyond my wildest dreams. Of course, as I'll be rising in the middle of the night, that's it for the dreaming. The new show will feature some of my signature segments plus brand new features, the greatest hits and of course everything you need to start your day. It really will be the most entertainment you can have with your clothes on - if you know what I mean."His last day on Clyde 1 Drive time show was 6 June 2013, with the breakfast show starting on Monday 1 July. His network Sunday show continued, to broadcast to Bauer Radio Scottish FM stations until early October 2014. Heart
On 20 October 2014, it was announced <mask> was joining as new breakfast show host for Heart Scotland. He replaced Ewen Cameron, who left the station to pursue other opportunities. On 31 May 2019, <mask> presented his final edition of the breakfast show. Pure Radio
On 28 October 2019, it was announced <mask> was being hired to become the new breakfast show host for Pure Radio Scotland. Pure Radio launched at 8am on Wednesday 27 November

masks:
Galloway
Galloway
Robin
Robin Galloway
Robin Galloway
Galloway
Robin Galloway


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 2019 with the <mask> Breakfast Show.The current scheduled for the weekday includes <mask> from 6am-10am. Ex-Heart Presenter Lynne Hoggan from 10am-1pm. Former Heart Presenter, Paul Harper from 1pm-4pm. Former Clyde 1 Presenter, Amber Zoe from 4pm-7pm and The Shy Guy from 10pm-1am. The <mask> Breakfast Show consists of <mask>, Rory Barraclough, and Alannah MacKenzie. The Breakfast Show includes a £5,000 competition where a contestant has to get all three answers matched with either Rory or Alannah, dependent on who the contestant chooses. If they get three answers right and they match, the contestant will win £5,000.Wind ups
A long-standing feature of <mask>'s radio shows were his wind-up phone calls, first heard on Northsound 1,  before becoming a fixture on Scot FM shows and Real Radio Scotland's breakfast show. Annual compilation CDs of the wind-up calls were released, with the 2007 edition achieving Gold sales status. In December 2012, <mask> decided to give the segment a hiatus as a mark of respect to nurse Jacintha Saldanha, who committed suicide after being on the receiving end of an Australian radio show's prank call. <mask> admitted a few years later in 2015, he was deeply affected by the tragedy. In November 2015 the wind up calls were brought back to his Breakfast show titled the "8:10 Phone Tap". This was on his weekday show called "Heart Breakfast Scotland with <mask> and Adele". Some calls Adele featured in as well as <mask>.<mask> decided to stop wind ups on Heart. After leaving Heart and joining Pure Scotland, It was announced that The Real Wind Up will be brought back. However, it is now renamed from The Real Wind Up to The Pure Wind Up! Awards

Arqiva Broadcast of the Year 2015
Bronze: Referendum Live – <mask> Bauer Scotland
In 1999, <mask> won Gold at The New York Radio festivals, For the Best Breakfast show in the world
 Ace award for World's Best Local Radio Personality. Two British radio awards. References

External links
<mask>.com Official site
Clyde 1 website

Scottish radio presenters
Radio and television announcers
Living

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Robin Galloway
Robin Galloway
Robin Galloway
Robin Galloway
Galloway
Galloway
Robin
Robin
Robin
Robin
Robin Galloway
Galloway
Robin Galloway


texts: <mask> (; born December 14, 1965) is an American former second baseman, outfielder and catcher in Major League Baseball who played his entire career from 1988 through 2007 for the Houston Astros. A seven-time National League (NL) All-Star often regarded as the greatest all-around player in Astros history, he is the only player ever to be named an All-Star and to be awarded Silver Slugger Award at both catcher and second base. With longtime teammates Jeff Bagwell and Lance Berkman, he formed the core of the "Killer B's" who led Houston to six playoff appearances from 1997 to 2005, culminating in the franchise's first World Series appearance in 2005. At the end of his career, he ranked sixth in NL history in games played (2,850), fifth in at bats (10,876), 21st in hits (3,060), and seventh in runs scored (1,844). His 668 career doubles ranked sixth in major league history, and are the second-most ever by a right-handed hitter; his 56 doubles in 1999 were the most in the major leagues in 63 years. <mask>, who batted .300 four times and scored 100 runs eight times, holds Astros franchise records for most career games, at bats, hits, runs scored, doubles, total bases (4,711) and extra base hits (1,014), and ranks second in runs batted in (1,175), walks (1,160) and stolen bases (414). He also holds the NL record for most times leading off a game with a home run (53), and is one of only five players with 250 home runs and 400 steals.A four-time Gold Glove Award winner who led NL second basemen in assists six times and putouts five times, he retired ranking fourth in NL

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Craig Alan Biggio
Biggio


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 history in games at second base (1,989), sixth in assists (5,448) and fielding percentage (.984), seventh in putouts (3,992) and double plays (1,153), and eighth in total chances (9,596). He was the ninth player in the 3,000 hit club to collect all his hits with one team. <mask> also led the NL in times hit by pitch five times, with his career total of 285 trailing only Hughie Jennings' 287 in major league history. One of the most admired players of his generation, <mask> received the 2005 Hutch Award for perseverance through adversity and the 2007 Roberto Clemente Award for sportsmanship and community service. The Astros retired the number 7 in his honor the year following his retirement. Since 2008, <mask> has served as special assistant to the general manager of the Astros. He was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2015, and is the first member of the Hall to be depicted in an Astros uniform on his plaque.Early life

High school
<mask> graduated from Kings Park High School in Kings Park, New York, where he excelled as a multi-sport varsity athlete. Most notably, after the 1983 season <mask> was awarded the Hansen Award, which recognized him as being the best football player in Suffolk County. However, <mask>'s passion lay with baseball, such that he turned down football scholarships for the opportunity to play baseball for Seton Hall University. College career
Although <mask> was an infielder, Seton Hall coach Mike Sheppard switched him to catcher because the team was in need of one. In 1986, he played collegiate summer baseball in the Cape Cod

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Biggio
Biggio
Biggio
Craig Biggio
Biggio
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 Baseball League for the Yarmouth-Dennis Red Sox. <mask> was an All-American baseball player at Seton Hall, where he played with other future Major League Baseball stars Mo Vaughn and John Valentin. <mask>, Vaughn and Valentin, along with Marteese Robinson, were featured in the book The Hit Men and the Kid Who Batted Ninth by David Siroty, which chronicled their rise from college teammates to the major leagues.<mask> was selected by the Houston Astros in the first round (22nd overall) of the 1987 draft. <mask> remains Seton Hall's leader in triples, second in runs scored, and is in the top 10 in 18 other single-season and career categories. In 1996, <mask> was inducted into the Seton Hall Hall of Fame and had his number 44 retired in 2012. Major league career

Early career: Conversion from catcher to second base

As catcher

<mask> was called up as a catcher midway through the 1988 season, having batted .344 in his minor league career. In 1989, his first full season, <mask> became the Astros' starting catcher. He won the Silver Slugger Award in 1989. He was a very speedy runner, and an adept base stealer.Astros' management, in an attempt to keep the rigors of catching from sapping <mask>'s speed, tried him in the outfield part-time in 1990, as he had played 18 games there in the minors. Yogi Berra mentioned <mask>'s height in his book You Can Observe A Lot By Watching, saying, "I always identified with short catchers—they don't have to stand up as far". Emergence of the "Killer B's"
The Astros acquired first baseman Jeff Bagwell prior to the start of the 1991

masks: Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio


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 season, who, like <mask>, spent his entire major league career with Houston. A power hitter with higher-than-normal on-base skills, Bagwell played 15 seasons, thus completely overlapping his career with <mask>'s and wound up Houston's career leader in home runs. The pair came to be known as the "Killer B's", synonymous with the Astros throughout the 1990s and into the 2000s. A prodigious offensive and defensive unit, during their 10 peak seasons from 1994 to 2003, they appeared in nine All-Star Games, won five Gold Gloves, ranked in the top five of the Most Valuable Player Award voting five times and averaged 226 runs scored. They totaled 689 home runs, 2,485 RBI and 3,083 runs scored while the Astros advanced to the postseason six times.Other players that the Astros later acquired whose names started with the letter B also were included in this distinction, including Derek Bell, Sean Berry, Lance Berkman, and Carlos Beltrán. Shift to second base

The Astros finally convinced <mask> to convert to second base in spring training of 1992, even though <mask> had made the National League All-Star team as a catcher the year before. <mask> made the All-Star team for the second time in 1992, becoming the first player in the history of baseball to be an All-Star at both catcher and second base. It is remarkably rare for a major league catcher to make a successful transition to middle infielder; if a catcher changes positions, it is usually to first base, or occasionally to outfield or third base. <mask> became known as a reliable, hustling, consistent leadoff hitter,

masks: Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio


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 with unusual power for a second baseman. He holds the National League record for most home runs to lead off a game, with 53. His statistics reflect this, having consistently good marks in hitting, on-base percentage, hit-by-pitch, runs, stolen bases, and doubles throughout his career.Between 1994 and 1999, <mask> led the National League in doubles three times, runs scored twice, and stolen bases once. <mask> was also known for intentionally keeping his batting helmet dirty. In 1997, he completed an entire season without grounding into a double play, becoming just the fifth player to ever do so in baseball history. In 1998, he became the first player since Tris Speaker to collect fifty doubles and fifty stolen bases in the same season, doing so with his 50th stolen base on September 23 (<mask> and Speaker were the only players to record the feat in the 20th century). <mask> also excelled defensively at second base; between 1992 and 1999, <mask> led all National League second basemen in assists six times and putouts five times. He won four consecutive Gold Glove Awards from 1994 to 1997. Career setbacks: Injury and the outfield
<mask> played 1,800 games without a trip to the disabled list until August 1, 2000, when he suffered a season-ending knee injury.In the play in which <mask> was injured, the Florida Marlins' Preston Wilson (who would later become <mask>'s teammate) slid into second base, trying to stop a double play, and hit <mask>'s planted left leg, tearing the ACL and MCL in <mask>'s knee. <mask> rebounded with a good season in 2001, but had a

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 lackluster performance in 2002, with only a .253 average, his lowest since entering the league; a highlight occurred on April 8, when he hit for the cycle for the only time in his career. However, he improved slightly for the 2003 season, averaging .264 with 166 hits despite being asked by management to move to center field after the signing of free agent All-Star second baseman Jeff Kent. In 2004, he put up numbers more typical for his career, batting .281 with 178 hits, including a career-high 24 homers. <mask> moved to yet another new position, left field, midway through the 2004 season to accommodate Beltrán, who was acquired in a trade to help bolster the Astros' struggling offense. Late career: Return to second base and milestones

World Series appearance (2005)
In February, 2005, <mask> and Bagwell were jointly inducted into the Texas Sports Hall of Fame. <mask> resumed playing at second base after Kent left for the Dodgers and set a new career-high with 26 home runs.He also reached 1,000 RBI, becoming the second Astro to do so, following Bagwell. On September 5 of that season, he helped the Astros against the Philadelphia Phillies in a critical game late in the season; the Astros were narrowly ahead of the Phillies (and other teams) for the lone Wild Card spot. The Phillies had taken the lead late 6-5 and had Billy Wagner in relief. However, with two out in the ninth inning and two men on base, <mask> hit a home run that gave the Astros the lead that they did not give up in an 8–5 victory (the Astros went on to win the Wild Card by one game). As they

masks: Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio


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 had done the previous year, the Astros beat the Braves to advance to the NLCS. They avenged their previous loss to the St. Louis Cardinals in six games to win their first league pennant. In the clinching sixth game, <mask> did his part with a third inning single that drove in a run in the 5-1 victory.After having played 4,714 games and their entire major league careers together in Houston, <mask> and Bagwell appeared in their first and only World Series that year. against the Chicago White Sox. The White Sox swept the Astros to secure the championship with the lowest run-scoring differential in World Series history. Both <mask> and Bagwell received Baseball America'''s Lifetime Achievement Award after the 2005 season. On May 23, 2006, <mask> became the 23rd player in MLB history to reach 10,000 at-bats. 3,000 career hits (2007)

On June 28, 2007, <mask> became the 27th player in the history of Major League Baseball to join the 3,000 hit club, with a single against Colorado Rockies pitcher Aaron Cook. Though <mask> was tagged out on the play attempting to stretch it into a double, drawing the throw allowed a run to score.The game action paused while <mask> shared the moment with his wife and children. Longtime friend and former teammate Jeff Bagwell emerged from the Astros clubhouse to congratulate him. <mask> became the first player in Astros history to accumulate 3,000 hits. It was <mask>'s third hit of the game, and he went on to accumulate two more later in the game, one in the ninth inning and one in the eleventh inning. He became the first player in


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 history to record his 3,000th hit and have five hits in the same game. <mask>'s 3,000th hit came on the same day that Frank Thomas hit his milestone 500th career home run, both marks which are considered to guarantee induction into the Hall of Fame. In anticipation of <mask>'s reaching 3,000 hits, the Astros installed a digital counter just left of center field displaying his current hit total.With 668 doubles, he ended his career in fifth place on the all-time list. <mask> also holds the record for the most doubles by a right-handed hitter. He is the only player in the history of baseball with 3,000 hits, 600 doubles, 400 stolen bases, and 250 home runs. He ranks 20th on the all-time hits list, though of those 20 players he ranks 19th in career batting average. <mask> fell nine home runs short of joining the career 300–300 club (300 homers and 300 stolen bases). He would have become only the seventh player to achieve the feat. Incidentally, this also caused him to fall short of the 3,000 hits, 300 homers and 300 stolen bases mark; he would have been only the second player in history to reach that club, the other being Willie Mays.Retirement

On July 24, 2007, <mask> announced his retirement, effective at the end of the season (his 20th season with the club, a franchise record). Hours later, with the Astros locked in a 3–3 tie with the Los Angeles Dodgers, <mask> hit a grand slam in the 6th inning. The Astros went on to win the game 7–4. In the penultimate game of his career, <mask> started as a catcher and caught 2 innings for the Astros. He also hit a double

masks: Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio Biggio


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 in his first at-bat of the game. A sellout, record-breaking crowd packed Minute Maid Park on September 30, 2007, to witness <mask>'s final game. He recorded his final career hit, a double in the first inning, and scored his final career run that same inning.In his final career at-bat, he grounded the ball to third baseman Chipper Jones, who threw out the hustling <mask> by half a step. He left the field to a standing ovation from the fans, and when he was replaced defensively in the top of the 8th inning he shook hands with umpires and teammates and left to another standing ovation as he waved to the fans. The Astros won the game 3–0. <mask> finished his career with 3,060 career hits, 668 doubles, 291 home runs, 1,175 RBI, 414 stolen bases, and a .281 batting average. Post-retirement
<mask> has been a special assistant to the general manager since 2008. In this role, he works in several areas, including with the baseball operations staff in its major and minor league player development programs with special emphasis on instruction, the amateur draft and scouting, and major and minor league talent evaluation. <mask> was involved in the selection of new Astros Manager Bo Porter in 2012.Additionally, <mask> participates in the club's community development program. Hit by pitch
Over his career, <mask> gained a reputation for being hit by pitches; some observers criticized him due to the fact that many of the pitches hit him on his sizable elbow pad. Some have even gone so far as to proclaim him the "king of hit batsmen". On June 29, 2005, <mask> broke the

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 modern-era career hit-by-pitch record, previously held by Don Baylor with 267. He is second to only Hughie Jennings on the all-time list with 287. Despite being hit by a record number of pitches, <mask> never charged the mound, and had no serious injuries as a result of being hit by a pitch. In his final season, however, <mask> was only hit three times.He was hit fewer times total between 2006 and 2007 (nine times in 2006, total of 12) than he was in 10 of his previous 11 individual seasons. In August 2007, the satirical online newspaper The Onion referenced this in the article "<mask> Blames Media Pressure For Stalling at 285 Hit-By-Pitches". <mask> sent an arm guard to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in recognition of his high hit-by-pitch total. Number retirement

On May 23, 2008, during a pre-game ceremony, <mask> received an award for MLB.com's This Year in Baseball 2007 Moment of the Year award for his 3,000th hit. On June 28, the Astros announced that they would retire <mask>'s jersey. The Houston Astros retired his No. 7 jersey on August 17, 2008, prior to the start of a game versus the Arizona Diamondbacks.<mask> was the ninth player in Astros history to have his number retired. Hall of Fame candidacy
<mask> first appeared on the writers' ballot for the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2013, the earliest possible year of consideration. He led all Hall of Fame vote-getters by being named on 68.2% of ballots cast. However, this was 39 votes shy of reaching the 75% threshold required by the BBWAA for induction. The following year he once again failed to garner

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Biggio
Craig Biggio
Biggio
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 enough votes to be inducted, finishing two votes shy with a voting percentage of 74.8%. This ties him with Nellie Fox (1985) and Pie Traynor (1947) for smallest margin not to get into the Hall, which received criticism.https://syndication.bleacherreport.com/amp/2321086-after-being-unfairly-forced-to-wait-craig-biggio-finally-gets-earned-hof-nod.amp.html

On January 6, 2015, <mask> was rewarded for his career by being elected to the Hall of Fame. He received 82.7% of the votes and was inducted into the hall on July 26, 2015.On July 29, 2021, <mask> was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame's board of directors. Work in the community
<mask> has received awards from various organizations, including the Hutch Award (2005) and being named one of Sporting News' Good Guys (2004). The Hutch Award is given to a player that shows competitiveness and never gives up. Part of the reason <mask> was given the award was for his multiple position changes, but also because of his work in the community and inspiring other teammates to participate as well. He also received the Roberto Clemente Award in 2007. The Roberto Clemente Award "recognizes the player who best exemplifies the game of baseball, sportsmanship, community involvement and the individual's contribution to his team". <mask> has been a supporter and lead spokesperson for the Sunshine Kids Foundation for over a decade and almost the entirety of his playing career.The organization supports children fighting cancer with exciting activities for themselves and their families. <mask> helps the organization by raising


texts:
 awareness of the organization by wearing a small yellow sun on his cap for interviews, batting practice, and spring training games and by holding a celebrity golf tournament in Houston each spring. <mask> hosts an annual party at Minute Maid Park for about 100 Sunshine Kids to play baseball with <mask> and some of his teammates. With the 2006 annual golf tournament, <mask> has raised over $2 million for the organization. During 2007 spring training, MLB informed <mask> that he would no longer be allowed to wear the small yellow sun on his cap during interviews, photoshoots, or spring training. <mask> had worn the Sunshine Kids pin for over a decade. This edict was big news in Houston, and Houstonians, long known for their charitable nature and unconditional love of <mask>, reacted very negatively to MLB.After the public uproar, MLB relented and <mask> was allowed to wear the Sunshine Kids pin as he had done since becoming a spokesperson. Personal life

<mask> was arrested in June 1989 and charged with drunk driving in Harris County, Texas. Astros teammate Ken Caminiti was as a passenger in the car at the time of the arrest. At trial, the arresting officer testified that <mask> handed him $200 in what he believed was a bribery attempt. On October 5, he was found guilty. The following day, he was sentenced to two years of probation and 50 hours of community service and fined $350. <mask> and his wife, the former Patty Egan, have three children: Conor, Cavan, and Quinn.They live in Houston. From 2008 to 2013, <mask> was the head varsity baseball coach at St.


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 Thomas High School. <mask> coached St. Thomas to back-to-back Texas Association of Private and Parochial Schools (TAPPS) Class 5A state baseball titles in 2010 and 2011. Both of <mask>'s sons played for the St. Thomas baseball team. Cavan hit a home run in the team's 2011 championship game, while older brother Conor provided the winning offense in St. Thomas' semi-final victory. In Summer 2012, Conor played left field for the North Adams SteepleCats of the New England Collegiate Baseball League; in Summer 2013, he played outfield and second base for the North Shore Navigators of the Futures Collegiate Baseball League. When asked by the Houston Chronicle'' about the success, the elder <mask> replied I don't get too caught up in that...it's not about me it's about these kids, and win or lose we're trying to turn these kids into men.That's the thing that's most important to me. <mask> and his family have a home in Spring Lake, New Jersey that they named "Home Plate". <mask>'s father-in-law is Assemblyman Joseph V. Egan, a member of the New Jersey legislature. Many baseball players, such as Whitey Ford, Ken Griffey Jr., Steve Carlton, and Barry Bonds, bat and throw left-handed while writing right-handed. <mask> is one of the rare examples of a baseball player, like Brooks Robinson, Chris Carpenter and Dale Murphy, who bats and throws right-handed but writes left-handed. Awards and highlights

Recognition

Statistical highlights

Annual statistical achievements
Notes: Per Baseball-Reference.com. †– led Major Leagues.Other distinctions
 Holds National League record


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 for most career lead-off home runs in a career with 53, third in MLB behind Alfonso Soriano and Rickey Henderson
 Second player with 50 stolen bases and 50 doubles in same season (1998). The only other player to accomplish this is fellow Hall of Famer Tris Speaker for the Boston Red Sox in 1912. First player in baseball history not to hit into a single double play while playing an entire 162-game season (1997) Two players, Augie Galan (1935) and Dick McAuliffe (1968), had previously played an entire season with the same feat, but did not play in as many games in their respective seasons. 146 runs scored in 1997 was most of any National League player since the Phillies' Chuck Klein scored 152 in 1932
 Hit for the cycle against the Colorado Rockies, the sixth in Astros history (April 8, 2002)
 <mask>, alongside his son, Cavan (who hit for the cycle for the Toronto Blue Jays on September 17, 2019), joined Gary Ward and his son Daryle as only the second father and son duo to hit for the cycle in MLB history. Astros career leader on list for games played, at-bats, runs scored, hits, doubles and extra-base hits. Holds the record for most regular-season games played before his first World Series appearance with


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<mask> (born November 19, 1976) is an American technological entrepreneur and philanthropist who is the co-founder and former CEO of Twitter, as well as the founder and CEO of Block, Inc., a financial payments company. Early life
<mask> was born and raised in St. Louis, Missouri, the son of Tim and Marcia (née Smith) <mask>. He is of part Italian descent on his mother's side, and part Irish descent on his father's side. His father worked for a company that developed mass spectrometers and his mother was a homemaker. He was raised Catholic, and his uncle is a Catholic priest in Cincinnati. He attended Bishop DuBourg High School. In his younger days, <mask> worked occasionally as a fashion model.By age 14, <mask> had become interested in dispatch routing. Some of the open-source software he created in the area of dispatch logistics is still used by taxicab companies. <mask> enrolled at the University of Missouri–Rolla in 1995 and attended for two-plus years before transferring to New York University in 1997, but he dropped out two years later, one semester short of graduating. He came up with the idea that eventually became Twitter while studying at NYU. While working on dispatching as a programmer, <mask> moved to California. In 2000, <mask> started his company in Oakland to dispatch couriers, taxis, and emergency services from the Web. His other projects and ideas at this time included networks of medical devices and a "frictionless service market".In July 2000, building on dispatching and inspired in part by LiveJournal and by AOL Instant Messenger, he had the idea for a Web-based realtime status/short message communication service. When he first saw implementations of instant messaging, <mask> wondered whether the software's user status output could be shared easily among friends. He approached Odeo, which at the time happened to be interested in text messaging. <mask> and Biz Stone decided that SMS text suited the status-message idea, and built a prototype

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Jack Patrick Dorsey
Dorsey
Dorsey
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Dorsey
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Dorsey
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