texts:
 in the Life of a Shattered Rock Star, Sixx detailed their volatile relationship and drug use.He stated that Vanity taught him how to freebase cocaine. On her first anniversary of sobriety, Matthews married football player Anthony Smith of the Oakland Raiders in 1995. Matthews was working as an evangelist in San Jose when she read about Smith's philanthropic activities in Los Angeles. "The Lord told me that I would go down to L.A. and minister him," she told Ebony. Three days after they met she proposed to him. They married after a one-month whirlwind romance. The wedding took place at Smith's home in Playa del Rey.Smith revealed that they often argued because of her kind nature. Matthews had a habit of inviting homeless people into their home for food and offering them showers, she would also give out her number. Smith was volatile and the marriage ended in 1996. After they separated, Smith was arrested for domestic violence involving another woman and he was later convicted of three murders. Religion
In 1992, <mask> became a born-again Christian, and in several interviews, she stated that she would not play any more sexualized roles. Simultaneously, she renounced her stage name <mask> and reverted to Denise Matthews once again. She traveled extensively throughout the South with her friend/agent Benjamin Jimerson-Phillips, giving her testimony of conversion to Jesus Christ.In 1994, Matthews was hospitalized for three months for near-fatal kidney failure from a drug overdose. She recalled later that after being rushed to the hospital, doctors said she had three days to live while on life support. Her friend Benjamin Jimerson-Phillips was by her hospital bedside. Later it was revealed, he was the one who notified Prince by Western Union Telegram that she had been hospitalized. She explained that Jesus appeared to her at this

masks: Vanity Vanity


type: original

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 time and spoke to her, saying that if she promised to abandon her Vanity persona, he would save her. Upon her recovery, Matthews ended her performing career by cutting off all ties with Hollywood and shunning her former life in show business. She devoted herself to being a born-again Christian.In 1995, she said, "When I came to the Lord Jesus Christ, I threw out about 1,000 tapes of mine— every interview, every tape, every video, everything." Jimerson-Phillips stated: "I was there at her apartment at The Grand in Sherman Oaks, when she just started dumping things down the incinerator. I grabbed some of the items including a painting titled Tailspin, by famed artist Olivia; a cassette hand painted by Prince of unreleased music; and an assortment of other items I didn’t want to see go into the trash. I even had to go down to the office and ask them to retrieve her gold album she had thrown away." After a kidney transplant in 1997, Matthews dedicated the rest of her life full-time to Christ. She made speaking engagements at churches worldwide and she headed Pure Hearts Ministries in Fremont, California. In 2010, Matthews released her autobiography, Blame It On Vanity: Hollywood, Hell and Heaven, in which she thanks Jimerson-Phillips.Illness and death
Due to kidney problems from her 10-year crack cocaine addiction, Matthews had to undergo 20-minutes of peritoneal dialysis five times a day. Matthews underwent a kidney transplant in 1997, but her health worsened in 2015 after she was diagnosed with sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis. Matthews died in a Fremont, California, hospital on February 15, 2016, from kidney failure, aged 57. She left much of her estate to her church. A dying wish of hers was to have her ashes scattered over the coast of Hawaii, and for her loved ones to celebrate her life with festivities and "no tears".


texts:
 Discography

Studio albums
 Wild Animal (1984)
 Skin on Skin (1986)

Vanity 6
 Vanity 6 (1982)

Solo singles

Soundtrack appearances
 1985: The Last Dragon; "7th Heaven"
 1988: Action Jackson; "Undress", "Faraway Eyes", and "Shotgun" with David Koz and featuring vocalist Kareem

Guest vocals
 1982: 1999, Prince; "Free" (backing vocals)
 1982: What Time Is It?, The Time; "The Walk" (spoken vocals)
 1986: El DeBarge, El DeBarge; "Secrets of the Night" (backing vocals)

Music videos
 1982: "Nasty Girl", "He's So Dull", and "Drive Me Wild"
 1984: "Pretty Mess"
 1985: "7th Heaven" (video clips were from the movie The Last Dragon)
 1986: "Under the Influence"
 1988: "He Turned Me Out", a song performed by The Pointer Sisters from the soundtrack of Action Jackson. <mask>'s co-star in the movie, Carl Weathers, appears alongside her in the video.Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

Vanity Official website

 Denise "<mask>" Matthews from The Last Dragon Tribute

1959 births
2016 deaths
Actresses from Ontario
A&M Records artists
Black Canadian actresses
20th-century Black Canadian women singers
Canadian Christians
Canadian dance musicians
Canadian expatriate actresses in the United States
Female models from Ontario
Canadian film actresses
Canadian people of African-American descent
Canadian contemporary R&B singers
Canadian soul singers
Canadian television actresses
Converts to Christianity
Deaths from kidney failure
Geffen Records artists
Motown artists
Musicians from the Regional Municipality of Niagara
People from Niagara Falls, Ontario
People from Fremont, California
Vanity 6 members
Musicians from the San Francisco Bay Area
Canadian people of Polish-Jewish descent
Canadian evangelists
Canadian women pop singers
Canadian people of German-Jewish descent
Feminist musicians
Kidney transplant recipients
Warner


texts:
<mask> (September 16, 1925 – September 24, 2007) was a Spanish poet, novelist, literary critic and professor, based in New York from 1956 until his death in 2007. <mask> was also a tenured member of the Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española, of which was a Director and Corresponding Member of the Royal Spanish Academy, the Guatemalan, Filipino, Chilean, Colombian and Nicaraguan Language and the Hispanic Society of America. Moreover, he was president of the Hispanic Cultural Foundation in the United States and was in possession of the Commandery of the Order of Isabel the Catholic and the Civil Merit in the degree of Number granted by the King of Spain. He also received the Silver Medal of Andalusia in 1989, Freedom Prize of the City of New York (1986), Vasconcelos Award (Mexico-1990) for his work of creation and Medal of Christopher Columbus from the Dominican Republic (1991) Also, the rocianero writer gave his name to a foundation and an International Poetry Competition – the second largest in the province of Huelva, after Juan Ramon Jimenez-. He was also presidente del Círculo de Escritores y Poetas Iberoamericanos (C.W.P.L.) (In English: President's Circle Latin American Writers and Poets (C.E.P.I.)) Early years
<mask> was born in Rociana del Condado, in the province of Huelva, Andalusia, Spain, on September 16, 1925.His father was Manuel (Manolo<mask> Valencia, and his mother was Caridad <mask> Urquijo, a descendant of an aristocratic Basque family. His father was shot in August 1936 in the Spanish Civil War, when <mask> was 10 years old, as he was accused of being a socialist. His literary taste was evident from an early

masks:
Odón Betanzos Palacios
Odón Betanzos
Odón Betanzos Palacios
) Betanzos
Palacios
Odón


texts: age, showing a great concern in learning so, he read everything that fell into his hands. He earned honors from the time he began to study until high school ended. Dire need and economic hardship overwhelmed his home. His mother had to leave their village to look for ways to rebuild their lives and try to reunite the family, but he could not stand it any longer. He, therefore, decided to abandon their land and travel alone to Madrid in search of work in August 1942, at the age of sixteen.At this young age he began his forced emigration that lasted until 1956 when he settled in New York City (United States). In Madrid he continued his studies in high school, but his life changed completely by having to work in order to send money home and to also pay for his studies. He had to complete the last three years of high school, 5th, 6th and 7th, for free, studying at night, if and when his work permitted. Surviving was hard, difficult and not very pleasant for the young man at his tender age, with a simultaneous work and study schedule. There were several jobs. The first one was to keep the accounting of a furniture store, while managing it on Calle Valverde, owned by a family friend of his mother – Caledonian Hernandez -a "good and fair man" who helped him a lot during those years of loneliness, anxiety, hunger and misery. Since he didn't make enough money by working at this job, he set up a stationery along with a Basque man- Aldamiz – but the experience would be short – just a few months – because of the many difficulties involved in the business at the time.His first residence was a modest pension in Fuencarral Street where Odon <mask>


texts: found a room to be isolated with his books. Later, his mother decided to settle in Madrid with two of her five children, Manuel and Marisol, and together with Odon, they resided in the home of a sister of his mother's. They finally had their own home. Among the many difficulties a new one was added: Caledonian Hernandez died and the business disappeared with his death, which meant that Odon lost his job and became wrapped in a sea of confusion. He had to find new employment. Odon <mask> made his way through the Merchant Navy career in Cadiz, as he himself said, "to raise my family," as from the 1940s he sailed the seven seas. In 1956, he stopped sailing while in Caracas, Venezuela where, along with two Spanish friends, he formed an import/export company.The deal yielded no results, despite so many efforts, because it needed more capital available to them. It was precisely in the short time he lived in Venezuela – just four months – that he met and became involved with the outstanding figures of the country. Despite the favorable social environment as they moved in those lands, he decided to settle permanently in the New York City because the climate was not propitious. He settled there in 1956 and in this city he received a master's degree in literature (MA) from Fordham University, and a master's in philosophy (M.Ph.) from The City University of New York. In addition, he did his doctoral studies in Philosophy (PhD) at The City University of New York, Graduate School, and he titled his doctoral thesis:  "Experiencias vitales en la obra poética de Miguel Hernández" (In Spanish: Experience vital in the poetry of Miguel Hernandez).


texts:
 Literary career and later years
"Escribir es como estar picado de tarántula; quien está herido no tiene solución; no hay más salida que entregarse por entero a la escritura (...) Nadie se parece a nadie.Al escritor se le conoce por la palabra, que en él tiene que ser esencia" (In English:"Writing is like being bitten by tarantula, he who is injured has no way out, there isn't any other recourse than to surrender himself entirely to writing (...) Nobody's similar to anyone else. The writer is known by the word, that in him must be essential".) He began his literary career in New York, where he settled in one of his trips along with a group of Spanish exiles who already lived there and he was one of the founders of Editorial Mensaje (Message Editorial) magazine that led until his death. He graduated in Arts (MA) from Fordham University, and Philosophy (PhD) from The City University of New York, where he received his doctorate, and later became a professor of Spanish language and literature of the same institution. He posted his first poetry book in 1969, which had the title Santidad y guerrería (Holiness and Guerrieri). This was followed by other books that shared the same genre of literature, among which stand Hombre de luz (Man of Light) (1972), La mano universal (The universal hand) (1985) and De ese Dios de las totalidades (This God of wholeness) (1991), among others. In 1981, <mask> posted his doctoral thesis Experiencias vitales en la obra poética de Miguel Hernández (Life experiences in the poetry of Miguel Hernandez).Between 1980 and 1990, he published that which would be his only novel: Diosdado de lo Alto (novela sobre la


texts:
 Guerra Civil Española, en dos partes, 1980y 1990) (Diosdado on High (novel about the Spanish Civil War, in two parts, 1980 and 1990). In 1986, he was elected president of the foundation that bears his name, based in his hometown, in Huelva. In the summer of 2007 he had to undergo an operation after a gastric hemorrhage. He died in New York on September 24, 2007 due to heart disease and cancer with which he had been suffering for some years, and he was buried a week later in his hometown in Spain, in Rociana's San Fernando Cemetery, in the family pantheon alongside his only son, Manny. The author had been suffering from health problems since two years prior, when he succumbed to heart surgery for five by-passes. The president of the Betanzos Foundation, Antonio Ramírez, said the writer died in a New York City hospital after several days of agony. In the U.S., he was survived by his wife, Amalia, as well as by the widow of his son.Personal life
It was in 1952 during one of his trips to New York that he met a woman from Bronx who would become his wife, Amalia Migues, the only daughter of a Spaniard – from Pontevedra, Galicia, who emigrated to America as a child – and of a Puerto Rican mother, from Santurce. Odon <mask> saw in her his own rebellion, and along with her intelligence, administrative ability, talent and understanding, she became irresistible. At that time, Amalia was a professor of cytology at New York University, a private university. The courtship was brief – just a year or so – and they married on March 21, 1953. On January 14, 1954, his only son was born, and he gave him his father's and his paternal grandfather's name,


texts: Manuel. The poet wanted to perpetuate the name of his ancestors in the son God had granted him. Manny wasn't only of high moral integrity and values, but he was also friendly, kind, intelligent, enthusiastic, thoughtful, very generous, and with a wonderful sense of humor.An avid reader, he was a marvelous son and an amazing person who studied literature, history, and social work at college as well as law. Because of the closeness and love they shared, the author was chosen by his son to be his best man the day of his wedding at St. Patrick's Cathedral in NYC, where he married a young lady he had met the first day of college; the same young woman the poet had secretly hoped his son would one day marry. In September 1993, the accidental death of his only son, aged 39, completely crushed Odon, and marked him both personally as well as in his literary work, to the day he died on September 24, 2007, just 14 years after his own son's death. Odon's father's capture and shooting during the Spanish Civil War, and then decades later, the death of his son, were both very heavy marks in the life of the author and of his literature. Some critics say, it was reflected in his writing due to his life's sorrows and weariness. During the 1970s, he published poetry, most of them collected in three anthologies: "Santidad y guerrería" (Holiness and Guerrieri), "Hombre de luz" (Man of Light) and  "La mano universal" (The universal hand). "Poemas del hombre y las desolaciones" (Likewise, we should point Poems of man and desolation), "De ese Dios de las totalidades" (From the God of wholes), "Antología poética" (Poetic Anthology), " La desolación" ("The


texts:
 desolation), " Sonetos de la muerte" (Sonnets of Death) and a two-volume novel about the Spanish Civil War : "Diosdado de lo alto" (Diosdado from above).He also worked as well extensive teaching, journalism and essays. He published them in magazines and newspapers around half the world. His work has been chosen for doctoral theses in many parts of the world. Awards
He received many awards throughout his life, among those:
 The Commendation of Isabel the Catholic
 Freedom Prize of the City of New York (1986)
 Silver Medal of Andalusia
 Vasconcelos Award (Mexico-1990)
 Award the Knights Order and of Civil Merit in the degree of Number granted by the King of Spain. Order of Christopher Columbus from the Dominican Republic (1991). He was declared favorite son of his hometown of Rociana in 1979, where the House of Culture bearing his name, in addition to an existing intellectual foundation based in the locality. Legacy
His works has been translated, at least in English, Portuguese, French, Italian, Russian, Chinese, Dutch, Arabic, Hebrew and Macedonian.Works
He has published sixty-six books of poetry. Some of them are:

Lyric
 Santidad y guerrería (Holiness and Guerrieri), (1969)
 Hombre de luz (Man of Light) (1972)
 La mano universal (Universal Hand) (1985)
 Poemas el hombre y las desolaciones (Poetry man and desolation) (1988)
 De ese Dios de las totalidades (In this God of wholes) (1991)
 Antología poética (Poetic Anthology) (1995)
 Sonetos de la muerte (Sonnets of Death) (2000)

Narrative
 Diosdado de lo Alto (novela sobre la Guerra Civil Española, en dos partes, 1980 y 1990) (Diosdado on High (novel about the Spanish Civil War,


texts:
 in two parts, 1980 and 1990). Criticism
 Experiencias vitales en la obra poética de Miguel Hernández (Life experiences in the poetry of Miguel Hernandez) (1981). See also
 Académie Belgo-Espagnole d'Histoire

References

External links
 Sitio web de la Fundación Odón Betanzos(Spanish)
Fallece el director de la Academia Norteamericana del Español, Los Tiempos, 27 de septiembre de 2007. (Spanish)
 Asociación de Casas-Museo y Fundaciones de Escritores, Fundación Odón Betanzos Palacios (Spanish)
 (In Spanish). Asociación de Casa-Museo y fundaciones de Escritores, Fundación Odón Betanzos Palacios. 1925 births
People from the Province of Huelva
Spanish emigrants to the United States
Writers from New York City
2007 deaths
Recipients of the Order of Christopher Columbus
Spanish male poets
20th-century Spanish poets
20th-century Spanish male


texts: <mask> (; June 12, 1916 – April 10, 2015) was a Mexican American politician, diplomat and judge. In 1964, <mask> was selected to be U.S. Ambassador to El Salvador, a position he held until 1968 when he was appointed U.S. Ambassador to Bolivia. In 1974, <mask> was elected to serve as the 14th governor of Arizona, and resigned two years into his term to become U.S. Ambassador to Argentina. Prior to his entry into public service, <mask> was a lawyer and a judge for Pima County, Arizona.He was a member of the Democratic Party. A native of Cananea, Sonora, <mask> lived in Mexico until 1926 when he emigrated with his family to the U.S. state of Arizona, settling near Douglas. He enrolled in Arizona State Teachers College in Flagstaff, now known as Northern Arizona University, and upon graduation returned to his native Sonora to work for the U.S. Department of State as a foreign service clerk. Subsequently, he returned to Arizona to pursue a career as a lawyer and was graduated from the University of Arizona College of Law. <mask> served as deputy county attorney for Pima County, Arizona until he was elected county attorney in 1954, and in 1958 he became a Pima County Superior Court Judge. In 1964, <mask> was selected by President Lyndon B. Johnson to become U.S. Ambassador to El Salvador at the recommendation of U.S.Senator Carl Hayden, despite controversy over <mask>'s surname being associated with Cuban President Fidel <mask>. Following a four-year term, he was then appointed to be U.S. Ambassador to Bolivia, and resigned in 1969 to return to Arizona to begin a career in politics. <mask> ran for and won the Democratic nomination for Governor of Arizona in the 1970 election, but narrowly lost to incumbent Governor Jack Williams. <mask> would decide to run again in the 1974 election and defeated his Republican opponent Russell Williams, a member of the Arizona Corporation Commission, by a thin margin. Only two years into his term, <mask> was approached by President Jimmy Carter to become U.S. Ambassador to

masks:
Raúl Héctor Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro


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 Argentina, and resigned as Governor of Arizona.<mask> left his post as Ambassador in 1980, ending his career in public service, and returned to Arizona once again to practice law. He died at the age of 98 under hospice care in San Diego, California; at the time he was the oldest living former governor.. Raul <mask>'s papers are held at the University of Arizona Special Collections Library. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born in Cananea, Sonora, Mexico on June 12, 1916. <mask> was one of fourteen children born to his father Francisco Dominguez <mask>, a deep sea diver in San Jose del Cabo, Baja California and later a miner in Cananea, and mother Rosario Acosta, who had a third grade education but taught her husband to read and write. <mask>'s father was involved in a mine workers strike in Cananea and was sent to prison, but was later released as a political refugee to the United States in 1926, with the entire family relocating to Pirtleville, Arizona, near Douglas, on the Arizona-Mexican border and becoming U.S. citizens. <mask>'s father would regularly read to him from Mexican newspapers in order for his son to be informed on current events, which <mask> credits as his first exposure to politics. During his early teenage years, <mask>'s father died, and his mother became a midwife in order to support her children.At the time that <mask> attended elementary school, schools were segregated in Douglas, and he attended the Fifteenth Street School, which was only for Mexican students. Despite this, Spanish was not allowed and <mask> was forced to learn English in order to avoid punishment from school teachers. In high school, <mask> played football as the team's quarterback, and also competed in track and field. At the time of his high school graduation, embarrassed that he did not have a middle name, <mask> adopted the middle name Héctor, as it was the name of a basketball player at the school that he admired. Upon his graduation, <mask> was discouraged from attending college by his high

masks:
Castro
Hector Castro
Raúl
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro
Castro


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 school principal, saying that it would be a waste of time and money because no one would hire a Mexican graduate on the border. Despite being demoralized from attending college, <mask> earned a football scholarship and attended Arizona State Teachers College in Flagstaff, which is now known as Northern Arizona University. At the time he attended, the school had approximately 475 students.One of the conditions of the scholarship included the requirement of washing dishes three times a week, and <mask> worked his way up to become an assistant cook. He also took up boxing, and additionally taught a local sixth grade class in Flagstaff. <mask> became a naturalized United States citizen at the age of 23, and returned to Douglas in order to pursue a career in teaching. He was turned down for employment due to being a Mexican immigrant, and was discouraged enough to hop onto a freight train and pursue boxing professionally, earning fifty dollars per fight. Later, he decided to once again return to Douglas and work for the U.S. Department of State as a foreign service clerk in Agua Prieta, a border city in his native Sonora. He was convinced by a friend to quit his job with the State Department and instead pursue a career as a lawyer, and decided to attend the University of Arizona College of Law. In order to pay his way through law school, <mask> became a Spanish professor at the University of Arizona due to a sudden opening, but this caused complications with his admittance to law school as the dean felt he would not be able to dedicate himself to his studies while also maintaining a job as an educator.<mask> had developed a relationship with the university's president, who contacted the dean of the law school and subsequently convinced the dean to admit <mask>. <mask> earned his Juris Doctor degree and was admitted to the Arizona Bar in 1949. In 1959, he married his long-time girlfriend, Patricia Steiner, and they had two daughters. Law career, U.S. Ambassador to El Salvador, Bolivia
After earning his law

masks: Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro


texts: degree from the University of Arizona, <mask> practiced law for two years in Tucson and subsequently served as a deputy county attorney for Pima County, Arizona. At the time, Mo Udall was the county attorney, and upon his retirement gathered all of the deputy county attorneys to inform them that he had handpicked his successor, Ed Larkin. <mask> walked out of the meeting, angered by the dictatorial way that Udall had selected his successor despite county attorney being an elected position, and in 1954, <mask> decided to run for the position himself.<mask> won the election by 65 votes, becoming the first Mexican American to hold such a position in the state. He served in that capacity until 1958 when he became a Pima County Superior Court Judge. <mask> earned a growing reputation during his time as a Superior Court Judge, and received a call from Roy Elson, an aide to U.S. Senator Carl Hayden who offered <mask> a position as a United States Attorney. <mask> was not satisfied with his offer, as he felt he would be going backwards from being a Superior Court Judge, and rejected Elson while also stating that he wanted to be a U.S. Ambassador instead. Elson informed Senator Hayden of <mask>'s desire to be a U.S.Ambassador, and Hayden approached President Lyndon B. Johnson about the possibility of appointing <mask>. At first, Johnson was opposed to appointing <mask> due to the association of the surname <mask> with that of Cuban President Fidel <mask>, as well as Fidel's brother, <mask> <mask>. Not wanting to potentially upset voters in the wake of the 1964 presidential election, Johnson requested that <mask> change his last name, but he refused. Johnson relented, and selected <mask> to be United States Ambassador to El Salvador in 1964. During his time as Ambassador to El Salvador, he was presented with the country's highest honor, the Order of José Matías Delgado. After four years as U.S. Ambassador to El Salvador, he was then appointed as United States Ambassador to Bolivia, and became known as the

masks: Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Raúl Castro Castro Castro


texts:
 "Ambassador on Horseback," as <mask> would ride into the countryside on horseback and greet the Bolivian citizens.While U.S. Ambassador to Bolivia, <mask>'s home was bombed twice by terrorists. He served in the position until the following year when Richard Nixon was elected President, and <mask> was subsequently removed from office. Political career

1970 gubernatorial campaign
After returning to Arizona and leaving his post as U.S. Ambassador to Bolivia, <mask> was approached about the possibility of running for Governor of Arizona in the 1970 gubernatorial election. On June 18, 1970, <mask> announced his bid for the Democratic nomination, challenging Phoenix auto dealer Jack Ross and Chandler Mayor George Nader. <mask> held the announcement in Tucson, but no one showed up, believing that he had no chance of becoming the Democratic nominee.Despite this, <mask> went on to win the Democratic nomination by a significant margin, and challenged incumbent Governor Jack Williams in his bid for a third term. During the general election campaign, Republicans attacked <mask> for supposedly favoring Mexican immigrants during his time as Pima County attorney, and that he had been an "adequate" judge, but not an "outstanding" one. Ultimately, however, the Republicans decided against attacking <mask>'s record out of fear that they would be castigated for attacking a minority, which Jack Williams' campaign manager stated that he later regretted due to <mask>'s willingness to attack Williams. Most of Williams' support resided in the most populous county, Maricopa County, while the rest of the state supported <mask>. Ultimately, however, <mask> lost the general election by a narrow margin, with Williams earning 50.9% of the vote to <mask>'s 49.1%. 1974 gubernatorial campaign
Incumbent Governor Jack Williams decided against running for a fourth term as Governor of Arizona, which led to five candidates announcing their intention to seek the Republican nomination in his place, including perennial candidate Evan Mecham

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texts:
 (who would later become Governor, and subsequently impeached) as well as Arizona Corporation Commissioner Russell Williams (no relation to Jack Williams). <mask> announced his decision to pursue the Democratic nomination once again in the 1974 election, and faced very little opposition in the Democratic primary, receiving more than double the number of votes over his two competitors.In contrast, the Republican primary was highly contested and led to a split among Republican Party members, with Russell Williams emerging as their nominee. Due to the closeness of the 1970 election, the Hispanic community was encouraged about the possibility of <mask> being able to achieve the office of Governor, and volunteered for his campaign in droves. <mask> ultimately won the general election by another close margin, receiving only 4,119 more votes than Russell Williams. The margin was credited to the Navajo vote in Navajo and Apache counties where <mask> received 5,488 more votes than Williams. A few weeks after the election <mask> attended the grand opening of a Nogales, Sonora bank after which he returned to the U.S. via the Grand Avenue pedestrian gate. He was in the company of two Mexican bank executives who presented their border crossing permits to the Immigration officer on duty. <mask> declared himself as a U.S. citizen whereupon the officer challenged him and asked for proof of his U.S. citizenship.<mask> replied by suggesting that they call Senator Goldwater to ask him if it would be ok to admit the Governor Elect of Arizona into his state. Governor of Arizona (1975–1977)
On January 6, 1975, <mask> was sworn into office as the 14th Governor of Arizona, becoming the first Mexican American to hold the position since Arizona earned its statehood in 1912. Along with his election as Governor, the Arizona State Senate also leaned Democratic, with 18 Democratic members to 12 Republican members. However, the Arizona State House remained in Republican control, with 33 Republicans to 27 Democrats. During his term as

masks: Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro Castro


texts:
 Governor, <mask> was heavily criticized by Republicans, who believed that <mask> simply wanted to have the title of Governor, rather than actually perform the duties involved with holding the office. Columnist John Kolbe of the Phoenix Gazette wrote about <mask>, saying "Covering the amiable and peripatetic chief executive has become a newsman's jungle of half-completed sentences, imprecise factual data, and even contradictory assertions." While serving as Governor, <mask> campaigned in the 1976 presidential election for former Georgia Governor Jimmy Carter, despite this, Gerald Ford won Arizona.<mask> also campaigned for Carter in New Mexico and Texas. Resignation, U.S. Ambassador to Argentina
Facing growing criticism during his term as Governor of Arizona, including sustained opposition from the state legislature, <mask> was offered the position of U.S. Ambassador to Argentina under President Jimmy Carter, in 1977. Arizona Secretary of State Wesley Bolin succeeded <mask> as Governor, following his resignation, but Bolin would die in office less than a year into his term. <mask> was ambivalent about resigning from the office of Governor, not wanting to let down the Hispanic community that had helped to elect him to the position. However, <mask> would later state that he felt he would be of greater help to the Hispanic community, serving in the capacity of U.S.Ambassador to Argentina. <mask> again faced adversity during his time as Ambassador, due to his Mexican heritage, with many Argentinians questioning why the United States would select a Mexican to serve in Argentina. <mask> served in the position from 1977 to 1980, and would be the last time that <mask> would serve in political office. Honors
In 2007, <mask>'s alma mater, now known as Northern Arizona University, named the home of the College of Social and Behavioral Sciences in his honor. As a student, he competed in track and boxing for the school; he was inducted into the Northern Arizona University Athletics Hall of Fame in 1988 and into the


texts:
 College of Social and Behavioral Science Hall of Fame in 2011. Detainment by Border Patrol
On June 12, 2012, on his birthday, <mask> was detained by agents of the United States Border Patrol for a half hour while being driven as a passenger in a car to a  birthday celebration from his home in Nogales, Arizona to the Mountain Oyster Club in Tucson, Arizona. The then 96-year-old <mask> was not allowed to wait in his vehicle and was instead forced to wait outside the car in the near 100-degree heat and without water.The traffic stop was apparently triggered when the agents detected a small amount of radiation coming from the car, radiation which was apparently caused by a medical procedure performed on <mask> the previous day at Tucson Heart Hospital. Death
On April 10, 2015, <mask> died in his sleep while under hospice care in San Diego, aged 98. See also

 List of governors of Arizona
 List of U.S. state governors born outside the United States
 List of Hispanic/Latino American jurists

Further reading

 Interview with R.H<mask> for the newspaper Clarín of Buenos Aires, Argentina, 20 December 1998 concerning the Beagle conflict: Clarín. References

External links

 The Raul <mask> Collection at the University of Arizona UAiR Collection

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1916 births
2015 deaths
Ambassadors of the United States to Argentina
Ambassadors of the United States to Bolivia
Ambassadors of the United States to El Salvador
Arizona Democrats
Arizona state court judges
American judges of Mexican descent
American politicians of Mexican descent
American prosecutors
Democratic Party state governors of the United States
Governors of Arizona
Hispanic and Latino American diplomats
Hispanic and Latino American state governors of the United States
Lawyers from Tucson, Arizona
Mexican emigrants to the United States
Northern Arizona University alumni
People from Cananea
Politicians from Sonora
Politicians from Tucson, Arizona
University of Arizona alumni
20th-century American judges
20th-century American

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<mask> ( ; born April 3, 1981) is an American politician in Rockland County, New York. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the state senator for the 38th district, which includes most of Rockland County and parts of Westchester County until December 2020. <mask> was one of the youngest senators elected to the New York State Senate in 2010 at just 29 years old. [3] <mask> served as the chair of the Committee on Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities. In October 2019, <mask> announced his bid for the United States House of Representatives for . to replace retiring Representative Nita Lowey. He lost to attorney Mondaire Jones of Rockland County in the Democratic Primary.Early life and education
<mask> was born in Clarkstown, New York, and raised in Rockland County. He attended Clarkstown High School North and ran track. He graduated from Rockland Community College in 2000. He went on to attend Cornell University and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in industrial and labor relations in 2002. Early career
<mask> worked as a financial planner for American Express from 2002 to 2003 and worked in Congressman Eliot Engel's office as a staff assistant from 2004 to 2005. In 2003, <mask> made his first political run for the office of Town Clerk in the Town of Clarkstown. <mask> lost to the 28-year incumbent, Republican Patricia Sheridan.In 2006, he defeated Sheridan by 294 votes at the age of 24. New York Senate

Elections
In May 2010, <mask> announced his candidacy for the Democratic nomination for New York State Senate in District 38. That same month incumbent, Republican Thomas Morahan announced he would not be seeking re-election. Morahan who was 78-years-old was seeking treatment for Leukemia. In June 2010, Rockland republicans nominated then Rockland County Executive C. Scott Vanderhoef over Rockland County Legislator Ed Day, as the Republican nominee. <mask> defeated Vanderhoef and won 53 percent of the vote, picking up a seat that had not been held by a Democrat since 1984. He

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 was one of the youngest senators elected to the New York State Senate at just 29-years-old.<mask> went on to win four more general elections. He also defeated a primary challenger, Julie Goldberg, in 2018. All of his former IDC colleagues faced similar primary challenges and most were defeated. Legislation
<mask> has passed more than 130 bills that were signed into law since 2011. He supported the SAFE Act, raise the age of criminal responsibility, a $15/hr minimum wage plan, and paid family leave policy. In 2014, <mask>’s bill to create a relapse prevention program to combat heroin addiction in New York State would be signed into law by Governor Cuomo. <mask> secured funding for the Nyack Skate Park “Working with my colleagues in the Senate, we were able to secure a grant that will finally [let Nyack] complete this project,” said <mask>.“It makes it easier when it comes from the ground up…when the community really comes together and sees that vision.”

<mask> Co-sponsored legislation to redesign the handicap logo after 45 years. <mask> explained “New York is again leading the way by being the first state in the Nation to update our outdated ‘handicap’ signs with a more active, engaging symbol. Working together we will continue to be a shining example for disability rights throughout the country,”

In 2015, <mask> proposed legislation to create the Mental Illness Anti-Stigma Fund which would later be signed into law by Governor Cuomo. The Mental Illness Anti-Stigma Fund will support critical programs to eliminate the stigma surrounding mental health issues and received funding from a tax check-off box which appeared on state income tax forms. <mask> declared “The signing of this bill into law is the first step to eliminating the stigma of mental illness from our society, New Yorkers can now directly help end the stigma by making a donation that will fund mental health public awareness campaigns across the state." <mask> sponsored legislation making the heroin - overdose antidote Naloxone

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 available over the counter. <mask> stated In a letter to state Health Commissioner Howard Zucker,  "As the number of overdoses increases, so should the amount of people who have access to naloxone, By issuing a standing order, you will make naloxone, which has not been shown to be a dangerous drug, more accessible, and in turn save more lives."<mask> proposed an arrangement where Marydell whos views overlooks the Hudson and is contiguous with 1%2C831 acres of state parkland would become public land. <mask> stated "This is an excellent opportunity to expand Hook Mountain State Park,"

In 2016, <mask> sponsored a bill to review the precautions at rail crossings after deadly accidents which would later be signed into law by Governor Cuomo. <mask> illustrated in a statement "We need to seriously examine why the number of crossing accidents has increased in New York, and what we can do to fix them as soon as possible." <mask> called for renewed investment to restore the Vanderbilt-Budke House & adjacent Farmhouse on the Traphagen property in Clarkstown. In 2017, <mask> sponsored legislation banning tobacco discounts coupons in New York State. "Time and time again, we've seen that as prices go up for tobacco products, the usage declines," <mask> said Monday. "(Coupons and discounts) are a way for big tobacco companies to get around the high prices of cigarettes."<mask> secured funding for Grace VanderWaal's show choir in the East Ramapo district elementary school. <mask> stated "East Ramapo students are lucky to have Grace VanderWaal as a role model for them and helping make this new choir a reality,"

In 2019, <mask> sponsored legislation requiring the State Office of Mental Health to regularly review suicide prevention programs and recommend changes to be meet the needs of at risk individuals and address risk factors for minority and underrepresented populations. <mask> also sponsored legislation to establish a Black Youth Suicide Task Force to address an increasing rate of suicide among black

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 children ages 5-years to 18-years-old. The task force would be made up of mental health professionals with knowledge of the black community who can examine, evaluate and determine remedies to tailor youth suicide prevention efforts in the back community. <mask> championed the Heatstroke Elimination Awareness Technology (HEAT) Act, which would require cars in the state to have detection systems installed. The intent was to force automakers to make the change on a national level similar to how California lawmakers have set nationwide emissions standards. <mask> explained “Unless they’re required to make these safety features, they don’t do them, This is not some scientific theory, This is being done in other places.”

<mask> co-sponsored the Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act (CLCPA); the law aims to have New York’s electricity entirely from emission-free sources by 2040 and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 85% by 2050.<mask> also sponsored the Green Amendment, a constitutional amendment to the New York State Constitution which guarantees “each person shall have the right to clean air and water, and a healthful environment.”

<mask> sponsored legislation allowing 16-year-olds to pre-register to vote. <mask>d “When young people are engaged from any early age they stay engaged, By eliminating barriers to register and increasing education, we are strengthening our democracy." <mask> sponsored several pieces of key legislation which requires an independent, comprehensive, forensic audit of the MTA. An audit would show how, and where, the MTA gets and spends its money, ensure that drivers facing cashless-tolling fines would not have their credit scores adversely affected by late payment of bills. Drivers who live in Westchester and Rockland counties could see their toll reduced by 60% when crossing the Gov. Mario M. Cuomo Bridge. However drivers who intentionally skip out on paying a toll can be charged with a Class “A” misdemeanor, which can carry a maximum of one year in jail or three

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texts: years of probation.Additionally, a judge may impose a fine up to $1,000 additionally drivers who previously incurred fees and fines on any MTA crossing could have the penalties waived, under a six-month amnesty program, similar to the one used by the Thruway Authority. <mask> sponsored legislation in 2019 banning employers from asking job applicants their salary history as a requirement for a job interview, job application, job offer, or promotion. <mask> sponsored legislation signed into law, allowing survivors of domestic violence to report the incident of abuse to any law enforcement agency in New York State, regardless of where it happened. In 2020, <mask>'s amended version of Dream's Law was signed by Governor Cuomo. The bill requires hospitals to have a discharge plan in place before a person can leave. <mask> sponsored Lauren's Law, which requires individuals who apply for a driver’s license to complete the organ donor registry section of the application by selecting either “yes” or “skip this question.”  <mask> helped expand the Elderly Pharmaceutical Insurance Coverage (EPIC), which provides discount drugs for senior citizens. <mask> sponsored the Pension Poaching Prevention Act.The will crackdown on scammers trying to profit off a veteran’s service by selling them financial products they don't need or charging them to apply for benefits they do not quality for. In 2013, <mask> sponsored a bill that was signed into law called Jobs for Heroes, which gives a tax credit to businesses for hiring returning veterans. <mask> sponsored Legislation Banning Crib Bumper Pads. “As a parent, it’s our job to protect our children, and I simply cannot imagine how the families are coping who have lost a newborn due to crib bumper pads,” said Former Senator <mask>. “We know these accessories are not safe due to the risk of suffocation or strangulation of a baby and yet they are still marketed to parents as a matching nursery accessory. It’s time we ban their sale in New York State and prevent further

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 tragedies.”  In 2019 Senate Bill S3788A was signed into law by the NYS governor. In 2020, <mask> proposed legislation which would later be signed into law by Governor Cuomo.Before <mask>'s legislation New York State law required all front seat passengers to wear seat belts, while people under the age of 16 wear seat belts whether they’re seated in the front or back seats. <mask>'s legislation requires everyone to wear seat belts in the backseat of a vehicle, no matter the age of the passenger. Carlucci stated while on the chamber floor “The simple fact is that you’re not any safer in the back seat, So we have to make that message loud and clear by passing this legislation.”

<mask> sponsored legislation to rename a portion of Route 45 "The Sandra L. Wilson Memorial Highway "“Sandra Wilson was attacked for no reason. She was at the library simply doing her job," <mask> said Wednesday. "She was known to patrons for her warm smile and friendly demeanor. This roadway will serve as a reminder of her kindness and ensure her legacy is remembered in Spring Valley and the entire State of New York.”

<mask> sponsored legislation which made it illegal for employers to ask about applicants salary history. <mask> stated “Now, New Yorkers can talk about their qualifications and not their past wages in an interview, For too long, the salary history question was used by some employers to justify low pay and low raises for women and women of color.We are now working to close the gender wage gap and ensure equal pay for equal work.”

<mask> championed legislation which shortened New York States suicide hotline to 988

During the Covid-19 Pandemic, <mask> sponsored legislation which would be signed into law by Governor Cuomo which guarantees schools will not lose state funding due to COVID-19 closures. <mask> explained "Our School districts need every penny as potential cuts could be devastating, Schools should not be penalized for making necessary decisions in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic." Independent

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 Democratic Caucus (IDC)
On January 5, 2011, <mask> entered into the Senate and formed the Independent Democratic Conference (IDC), with three other Democratic senators, Jeffrey D. Klein, Diane Savino, and <mask>. Valesky. The formation of the IDC created a third legislative conference in the State Senate. The senators said the IDC would "push for commonsense solutions to the problems facing New York State, break the hyper-partisan gridlock that has gripped the Senate and work to restore the public's trust in its public officials." In 2013, the IDC and the Senate Republicans announced a majority coalition agreement. Their Democratic colleagues called the move a power grab and liberal Democrats blamed the group for enabling a Republican agenda.In April 2018, the IDC was dissolved and <mask> joined the Senate Democratic Conference. In the 2018 Democratic Primary, <mask> defeated challenger Julie Goldberg by a 54% to 46% margin, becoming one of only two former IDC members, along with Diane Savino, to defeat primary challengers. U.S. House of Representatives bid

In October 2019, <mask> announced his bid for . Previously, Congresswoman Nita Lowey, who represents the district, had announced she would not be seeking another term and would be retiring after 30+ years in office. After <mask> announced his run, he told the Journal News that he has "the experience, work ethic, energy to get the job done. For me, public service isn’t just a job or career: it’s my life." The focuses of his campaign include education, climate change, gun reforms, women's rights, and comprehensive immigration reform.He lost the primary to Mondaire Jones. His campaign was endorsed by various organizations including Laborers local 754, IOUE local 825. Controversies
In June 2017, several members of the IDC, including <mask>, sent a pro-choice mailer to their constituents that, according to Planned Parenthood, “misleads constituents by implying electoral support from Planned Parenthood.” The mailer used the Planned Parenthood logo

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 and read "Supported by Planned Parenthood" on the front. In a letter to the IDC, Planned Parenthood stated that they had not made any endorsements and misuse of their logo "undermines confidence and integrity in this endorsement process." The mailer also touted <mask>'s support of two major pieces of pro-choice legislation, the Reproductive Health Act and the Comprehensive Contraception Coverage Act, while referring to both bills by the wrong names. A spokesperson for the IDC said in a statement: "Constituents have a right to know where their senators stand on women's health issues and this is what the IDC communicated to voters. Every member of the IDC supports women's health rights and universally stand at the ready to pass these vital issues."Post Senate
In 2021 <mask> was recognized on The City & State New York Mental Health Power 50 list. "Serving in the state Senate between 2011 and 2020, <mask> focused on mental health care and substance abuse policy, including as chair of the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Committee beginning in 2013 and as co-chair of a joint task force on opioid addiction and overdose prevention. Since he left office at the start of the year, he has continued to use his expertise as a consultant for organizations navigating local and state mental health care bureaucracy." Personal life
On January 15, 2011, <mask> married his high school sweetheart and longtime girlfriend, Lauren Grossberg. Grossberg is a Rockland County native and an elementary school teacher. The pair met in high school on the track team. They have two children.They live in the town of Clarkstown, New York. Election history

References

External links
Campaign Website
New York State Senate: <mask>

1981 births
Living people
New York (state) state senators
New York (state) Democrats
Politicians from Rockland County, New York
Rockland Community College alumni
Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations alumni
People from Clarkstown, New York
21st-century American

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<mask> (born <mask>; April 24, 1940 – May 9, 2017) was an American singer and actor. He appeared in many films and made frequent television appearances, notably starring in the 1969–1970 series Then Came Bronson, but was probably best known for his work in his later years with filmmakers such as Quentin Tarantino, Robert Rodriguez, David Lynch, and Kevin Smith. As of 2018–2019, Kevin Smith was producing a documentary on <mask>'s life titled Long Lonesome Highway, The Story of <mask>. It stars <mask>, Kurt Russell, Haley Joel Osment, Robert Rodriguez, Leonard Maltin, Mickey Rourke, Justin Long, Wyatt Russell, Mark Frost, and more. Personal life
<mask> was born in Corona, California. He drifted from job to job during his teenage years, including picking fruit, digging ditches, driving trucks, and fighting forest fires. <mask> married five times.His first marriage in 1956 at age 16 to Louise Johnson lasted until 1958 and produced a daughter. His second marriage in 1964 to actress Jan Moriarty lasted only a few months, ending with her apparent suicide from an overdose. His third marriage in 1968 to Carolyn Kay Carson produced a son, James. His fourth marriage to Alston Fenci, whom he married in 1987, ended in divorce in 1996. In 1997 he married Oriana. The union lasted until his death. Career

In 1961, <mask> portrayed the nephew of the character <mask> on the ABC sitcom The Real McCoys.He appeared with Bette Davis as Cal Leonard in the 1963 Perry Mason episode "The Case of Constant Doyle", and gained recognition in the role of Adam in John Huston's The Bible: In the Beginning... (1966). <mask> was the star of the series Then

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texts: Came Bronson from 1969 to 1970, in which he rode an iconic red Harley-Davidson 883 Sportster but they were called a 900 back then, as he drifted from town to town. He sang "Wayfarin’ Stranger", a duet with pilot episode co-star Bonnie Bedelia, and later the theme song for the show, "Long Lonesome Highway", which became a No. 20 Billboard Hot 100 and No. 41 Hot Country Songs hit. "Long Lonesome Highway" also peaked at number 84 in Australia. <mask> recorded five albums under MGM Records (the label of the studio which produced the series) that charted including Closing The Gap (1969), Long Lonesome Highway (1970), and Blue.After disputes with the producers of Bronson, <mask> said he was informally blacklisted in Hollywood. <mask> admitted he could be "difficult on the set" and also said he objected to producers wanting to make the series more violent. After the cancellation of Bronson, <mask> didn't work in a major Hollywood production for several years, but he had regular small roles in independent or Canadian features throughout the 1970s, such as Between Friends (1973), although director Donald Shebib had trouble dealing with <mask>, describing him as a "terrific actor in a lot of ways, but weird" while also accusing him of anti-Semitism. He played in twelve episodes of ABC's The Colbys, a spin-off from Dynasty, first as Hoyt Parker, and then Phillip Colby during the second season (1986–1987). He appeared as Irish mob boss Tommy O'Shea in Death Wish V: The Face of Death (1994), French-Canadian drug runner Jean Renault in the ABC television series Twin Peaks, Dr. Banyard in Deceiver (1997), Texas Ranger Earl McGraw in From

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 Dusk till Dawn (1996), and Ambrose Bierce in From Dusk Till Dawn 3: The Hangman's Daughter (2000). <mask> played two roles in the Kill Bill film series, reprising the role of Earl McGraw in the first film (2003) and playing pimp Esteban Vihaio in the second film (2004). He again reprised the role of Earl McGraw in both segments of the film Grindhouse (2007), making his fourth appearance as the Texas Ranger.His son, <mask>, played the son of Earl McGraw in Kill Bill, From Dusk Till Dawn 2: Texas Blood Money, Death Proof, and Planet Terror. <mask> played a villain in Kevin Smith's horror films Red State (2011) and Tusk (2014). Smith later announced on his podcast that <mask> had recorded an album during Red State production, after Smith and producer Jon Gordon noticed his singing talent during filming. The album, titled The Red State Sessions, was released on August 15, 2011 as a download from the film's website. Death and reaction
<mask> died on May 9, 2017 in his Los Angeles home at the age of 77. He requested a full body burial at sea, which his wife attended alone. The public memorial service was held at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery.Upon hearing the news, director Kevin Smith posted on his Instagram account "<mask> was, and will likely forever remain, the best actor I've ever known. I wrote both Red State and Tusk for <mask>, I loved his acting so much." He also included, "He was, hands-down, the most incredible thespian I ever had the pleasure to watch perform. And <mask> brought out the absolute best in me every time he got near my set." In a Twitter post, director Robert Rodriguez referred to <mask> as "a

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 true legend". Documentary
Kevin Smith is producing a documentary on the life and times of <mask>, directed by <mask>'s former assistant, Josh Roush. Long Lonesome Highway covers his beginnings as an itinerant farmer where he hopped boxcars at age 12, through being blacklisted in Hollywood, to his career resurgence at the hands of filmmakers such as Quentin Tarantino.Filmography

Film

Television

Discography

 1969 – Closing The Gap (MGM)
 1970 – Long Lonesome Highway (MGM)
 1970 – Blue (MGM)
 1970 – Lost & Found  (Verve)
 1971 – Best Of <mask> (MGM)
 1981 – You Don't Know Me  (First American)
 1998 – Coolin' Soup (Listen)
 2011 – The Red State Sessions (SModcast)
 Singles include Long Lonesome Highway/Mountain High (MGM K 14104); Big "T" Water/Won't You Ride in My Little Red Wagon (MGM K 14363); Tie Me To Your Apron Strings Again (MGM K 14092); Sally/Spend A Little, Save A Little, Give A Little Away (MGM K 14154) (all from 1970). References

External links

 <mask> sings Long Lonesome Highway

1940 births
2017 deaths
American male film actors
American male television actors
20th-century American male actors
Male actors from California
American male singers
People from Corona, California
21st-century American male

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<mask> (1909 – 23 July 1994), born <mask>, was a socialist and feminist based in Brisbane, Australia, who was most active between the 1950s and the 1980s. Raised in Austria and a member of several leftist political organisations in her youth, <mask> escaped Nazi occupied Austria in 1939, eventually migrating to Australia. Goldner remained involved in local and international politics and joined the Communist Party of Australia (CPA), marrying fellow member <mask> in 1944. Throughout her career <mask> was an active member of the CPA, and the Union of Australian Women (UAW), where she was heavily involved in International Women's Day campaigns, including attending the 1975 UN World Conference on Women in Mexico celebrating International Women's Year. <mask> was also an active member of the Women's Electoral Lobby (WEL), the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF). She was passionate about childcare issues, and through her political work clashed particularly with conservative Queensland Premier Joh Bjelke-Petersen. Early life and young adulthood
Born in Austria in 1909 to Jewish parents, <mask> was aware of fascism and anti-Semitism from early in her life.She was a Communist militant in her youth and as a member of International Red Aid, a Communist organisation established to provide aid to 'class-war' political prisoners, she worked to help victims of fascism. Goldner and her mother, as leftist Jewish women, were forced to flee Austria in 1939 following the Nazi occupation of Austria, migrating to Australia after some time in England. Goldner, a dressmaker and fashion designer by trade, became involved with the left in her new home where she attended her first International Women's Day meeting the same year she arrived. She attributed that meeting to inspiring much of her later political activism. Goldner soon became a member of the Communist Party of Australia, where, at a performance by the Unity Theatre Group, she met her husband <mask>, a returned soldier and fellow communist and political activist. They married in 1944 in Brisbane and had one child, a daughter, named Barbara. Politics

Communist Party of Australia
During her life in

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 Australia, <mask> was heavily involved in the Communist Party of Australia.A communist in her youth in Austria, it was natural for <mask> to seek out like-minded people when she escaped the Nazis for Australia. Through her involvement with the CPA, <mask> met and married her husband Ted, who served as the Secretary for the Queensland Branch of the CPA for some time. Ted and <mask> were heavily involved in the CPA as shown by the hundreds of leaflets, pamphlets, typed speeches, and letters from protest, rallies, events, and meetings contained in their personal Archive. While <mask> insisted that her Communist leanings did not affect her work with other political groups such as the UAW, it is clear that her involvement in the CPA had a negative impact on her reliability in other areas of her life. Right-wing politicians such as Joh Bjelke-Petersen drew connections between her involvement with the two groups to try and discredit the UAW as a Communist organisation. <mask> was a member of the Central Committee of the CPA since 1948 by her own account, and she and Ted remained committed members throughout their lives. Joh Bjelke-Petersen
Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen was the Premier of Queensland from 8 August 1968 – 1 December 1987 who personally objected to <mask>'s political activities and her membership of the Communist Party.His attitude towards political activists, and groups such as the Union of Australian Women was paternalistic: “...all these protest groups consist of the hard-core activists who hide behind the gullible, the naive and the well-meaning.” On the subject of Joh Bjelke-Petersen, <mask> has been quoted as saying “I believe Mr Bjelke-Petersen in using my personal political commitment is trying to enlist support for his anti-democratic policies”. The Bjelke-Petersen government's ‘censorship laws’ were designed to limit the impact of the CPA in Queensland by censoring the publication of positive content about the organisation in the media, instead promoting negative perceptions of the group, and all the organisations with which it was associated. The Queensland government's ‘obscenity’ laws also restricted the promotion or dissemination of sexually

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 orientated information even if it was educational. The Women's Liberation Movement's pamphlet ‘Female Sexuality and Education’ was considered to be obscene by Bjelke-Petersen, and was confiscated from the Brisbane offices of Communist Party of Australia by the ‘State Licensing Branch’ of the Queensland Police Department at 5 p.m. on Friday 8 October 1971. Women's rights

Union of Australian Women
The Union of Australian Women was, and in Victoria remains, a feminist activist organisation that relies on letter writing, petitions, marches and demonstrations to gain its objectives. Some of these objectives were as follows:
      to achieve and maintain an enhanced status for women
      to obtain higher living standards for all
      for the government to improve the welfare of its citizens
	for public infrastructure to be shared by all (regardless of gender or race)
	the right for women to work
	to obtain fertility control
	for the equality of indigenous Australians
	to oppose the White Australia Policy

As an older organisation, it has had to change some of its goals over time, whilst maintaining its primary aims. This was evident for <mask> during the 1970s as she has spoken of the introduction of the notion that “the ‘personal’ is political”, and ‘sexual politics’ taking three years for the organisation to fully support.Her struggle with this shift was due to the move away from the economic and general political struggles that the UAW had previously focused on as the way to gain equality with men. As a member of the Union of Australian Women, <mask> involved herself in numerous activities including writing for the UAW's magazine, Our Women, as well as working on books such as Uphill all the way: A Documentary History of Women in Australia. Her involvement in the Indigenous rights movement is acknowledged by the National Museum of Australia. Although believed to be a faction of the Communist Party of Australia by the Premier of Queensland at the time, Joh Bjelke-Petersen, the Union of Australian Women has always maintained its independence from the CPA. International Women's Day
<mask> attended her first International Women's Day (IWD) meeting in 1939, not long

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 after she migrated to Australia. She became heavily involved in IWD activities after her involvement with the UAW began, and acted as the International Women's Day Committee secretary for the UAW between 1951 and 1974. In 1958 <mask> was involved in with the UAW's International Women's Year celebrations which drew a crowd of hundreds to hear speakers Dymphna Cusak and Dame Sybil Thorndike, a celebration which also addressed women’s influence on history, socialism, and world peace.Eleanor Roosevelt sent a message about this meeting to the UAW, among others. In 1960 <mask> coordinated a visit to Australia by Madam Chao Feng of the National Women’s Federation of China and Madame Roesijati R. Sukardi, a journalist with the Indonesian Women’s Organisation to attend IWD meetings nationally. As Australia did not recognise China at the time, the UAW set about obtaining visas for the visitors and were delayed to the point that Feng and Sukardi could not attend several of their appointed meetings. According to personal anecdotes, <mask> was most proud of her involvement in the UWA's program for reviving the IWD celebrations in Australia following World War II. She encouraged women to join marches and demonstrations on IWD's official date of 8 March and 'saw IWD as a campaign, needing work almost all the year round with 8 March as the highlight, rather than a one-day function.' International Women's Year 1975
The United Nations marked 1975 as International Women's Year (IWY) and declared the Decade for Women covering 1976–1985. In this year a World Conference on Women was held in Mexico for international government representatives to take part in and a Tribune simultaneously for other groups and interested parties attended by women from all over the world to come together and discuss women’s issues and women’s rights.As her involvement with International Women’s Day events was so strong at home, <mask> was invited to attend as a delegate to the Tribune by the Australian Government who invested over $3 million into the 1974–1976 budgets for International Women’s Year activities. <mask> was the only representative from Queensland chosen to take part in the Tribune, taking

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 part as a member and on behalf of the UAW according to official papers found in her personal Archive, along with Government documents and documents from the Australian Embassy in Mexico confirming her involvement. Childcare
Throughout her activist career <mask> lobbied for children’s rights and for the establishment of appropriate childcare facilities through every party she was involved in. During the 1950s <mask> traveled back to Europe to attend conferences on motherhood and childcare, and in 1967 through the UAW <mask> lobbied for after school and work based child care for mothers, arguing to the Queensland Government that these were legitimate concerns for mothers and children. Through her work with the UAW, <mask> was involved in the establishment of a childcare centre at the University of Queensland in 1971. The Eva and <mask> Archive Collection
The Fryer Library at the University of Queensland holds one of the most extensive collections of archival material documenting Left-wing and radical activism in Brisbane and statewide. The collection includes publications, literature and personal archives of key groups and figures of the movement including that of <mask> and <mask>.The <mask> archive was donated in the late 1980s in the hope of protecting the documents in the face of a still heavily anti-communist public sphere. Additions were continually made until 1999 when Ted's brother, on behalf of the deceased couple, compiled the last of their work and the Fryer archive became officially available for academic use. The <mask> and <mask> collection consists of a wide range of publications, photos and other literature as well as a series of hand-written notes, research and drafted political theses. Selected articles published in Our Women
 'Blue Flowers', 1961, October–December issue. 'The Magic Circle', 1964, June–September issue. 'Tropical Fruit Salad', 1965, March–May issue. 'The Language of Flowers', 1965, June–August issue.See also
 List of peace activists

References

External links

1909 births
1994 deaths
Australian feminists
Australian socialists
Communist Party of Australia members
Australian socialist feminists
Women's International League for

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Ted Bacon


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<mask> (; 8 June 188522 November 1944), better known as "Princess" <mask>, and also known as Elisabeth Antoinette White after her marriage to Thaddeus C. White, was a Hanjun bannerwoman, the daughter of  and Louisa Pierson, the half-Chinese daughter of a Boston merchant working in Shanghai. Although not a member of the Qing royal family, <mask> was given the title of Princess while serving as the first lady-in-waiting for Empress Dowager Cixi. She was a writer of several memoirs, books, and magazine articles. Early life

<mask>'s father Yü Keng was a member of the Hanjun Plain White Banner Corps, and according to his daughter he was a Lord. This is of some doubt. After serving as Chinese minister to Japan, he was appointed minister to the French Third Republic for four years in 1899. He was known for his progressive, reformist views; for his determination to educate his children, including the girls, in western schools, which was highly unusual in their generation; and for his unvarying support of the Empress Dowager Cixi.In 1905, Yü Keng died in Shanghai. According to <mask>'s biographer, <mask>'s mother, Louisa Pierson, was the daughter of a Boston-born American and a Chinese woman. However, in the book, whatever her background, she is repeatedly referred to by other people as a Manchu. Yü Keng's daughters <mask> and Roung <mask> (1889–1973, the future Madame Dan Pao-tchao of Peking) received a western education, learning French and English, and studying dance in Paris with Isadora Duncan. <mask> was a Catholic baptised by the French bishop Alphonse Favier. While a young girl, she travelled with her father to Rome, and received papal blessing by the hand of Pope

masks:
Lizzie Yu Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Ling
Der Ling


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 Leo XIII during a private meeting. Lady-in-waiting and later life
Upon their return to China, <mask> became the first lady-in-waiting to the Empress Dowager Cixi, as well as interpreting for her when she received foreign visitors.<mask> stayed at court until March 1905. In 1907, <mask> married Thaddeus C. White, an American. <mask> had a brother, John Yu Shuinling, who studied photography in France and later took the only photographs of Empress Dowager Cixi still in existence. Using the title of Princess, which would create controversy for her in both China and the United States in the future, <mask> wrote of her experiences in court in her memoir Two Years in the Forbidden City, which was published in 1911. She states in her book that the status of Princess, which the Empress Dowager had given her, was valid only within the palace. As the Guangxu Emperor, who was under a form of house arrest, never confirmed the title, it was not valid in the outside world. Two Years provides unique insights into life at the Manchu court and the character of the Empress Dowager, a world that ended abruptly with the 1911 Revolution that overthrew the Manchu or Qing dynasty.<mask> continued to write and published seven more books. <mask> was not a member of the Qing royal family. Although <mask> claimed to be an ethnic Manchu, her father Yü Keng was actually a Han Chinese Bannerman and not part of the ethnic Manchu Banners. Her father was not royal but was a bannerman, just as <mask> claimed she was a Manchu while she was actually a Chinese Bannerwoman. Death
<mask> died in Berkeley, California, as a result of being struck by a car while crossing an intersection. She had recently

masks:
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling


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 taught Chinese at University of California, Berkeley. Memoirs and writings

After Cixi's death in 1908, <mask> professed to be so angered by what she saw as false portraits of Cixi appearing in books and periodicals that she wrote her own account of serving "Old Buddha", which she called "Two Years in the Forbidden City".This book appeared in 1911, just before the fall of the Qing dynasty, and was a popular success. In this book, Cixi is not the monster of depravity depicted in the popular press and in the second and third hand accounts left by foreigners who had lived in Beijing, but an aging woman who loved beautiful things, had many regrets about the past and the way she had dealt with the many crises of her long reign, and apparently trusted <mask> enough to share many memories and opinions with her. <mask> would go on to write seven more books about this relatively brief period in her youth when she had been close to the heart of declining imperial Chinese power, and sharing this personal history and her habit of promoting herself and her writings caused most of her family to turn against her. All of this has made it difficult to assess <mask>'s contribution to late Qing historiography. But the fact remains that she was the first woman of Cixi's own ethnic background to live with and observe her and then write about what it was like; if many of <mask>'s recollections smack of the every day minutiae of a court that thrived on details and form, her writings are no less valuable for focusing on them, particularly as life within the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace was a closed book for most people in China, let alone in the rest of the world. Her opinion

masks:
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling


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 was that it was misunderstanding of much of what emanated from the throne that created so many of the problems Cixi has been wholly blamed for. A rather romanticised depiction of <mask>'s life, especially her relationship with Kevin White (based on Thaddeus C. White, portrayed by Jonathan Kos-Read).In the 2010 Chinese-Japanese coproduction series , the character Princess Shou An (Madam Zhang) is partially inspired by Princess <mask>. <mask> was portrayed by  in the 2016 Hong Kong television drama The Last Healer in Forbidden City. See also
 Charles Yu Hsingling – <mask>'s elder brother

References

Princess <mask> | Two Years in the Forbidden City
Princess <mask> | Two Years in the Forbidden City
Princess <mask> web site

External links

 Princess <mask> web site
 "Imperial Masquerade: The Legend of Princess <mask>"

1885 births
1944 deaths
Pedestrian road incident deaths
Qing dynasty historians
Republic of China historians
American people of Manchu descent
Historians from Hubei
20th-century historians
American Roman Catholics
Chinese Roman Catholics
Chinese people of American descent
People from Berkeley, California
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Education in China
Writers from Wuhan
Chinese ladies-in-waiting
Qing dynasty

masks:
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling
Der Ling


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<mask>,  (born 3 November 1998) is an Australian swimmer. At the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, she became the youngest Australian Paralympic medallist by winning bronze medals in the women's 400 m and 100 m freestyle S8 events. She then became the youngest Australian gold medallist when she was a member of the women's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay 34 points team. At the 2016 Rio Paralympics, she won three gold and two silver medals. Personal
<mask> was born on 3 November 1998 in Newcastle, New South Wales. She has right side cerebral palsy as a result of a neonatal stroke, and was diagnosed with the condition when she was four years old. In addition to swimming, she participated in athletics, and by 2010 held six Australian age group classification records.In 2016, she was living in Gillieston Heights, New South Wales, and a year 12 student at Bishop Tyrrell Anglican College. She has an older sister Dimity <mask>. Swimming
<mask> was originally an S8 classified swimmer  but in 2017 she was reclassified as S9, a classification for athletes with less physical impairment. She is a member of Nuswim Swimming Club, started swimming when she was six months old, and commenced competitive swimming in 2009. She made her national team debut that same year at the Youth Paralympic Games, where she won five gold medals. By 2010, <mask> held three Australian age group classification records, and the 2010 New South Wales Multi-Class Long Course Swimming Championships, she had five first-place finishes. She represented Australia at the 2011 Oceania Paralympic

masks:
Maddison Gae Elliott
Maddison Gae Elliott
Elliott
Elliott
Elliott


texts: Championships, and later that year competed in the Canberra hosted Australian Multi-Class Age Swimming Championships.At that event, she won a bronze, five silver and three gold medals. She was selected to represent Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London in swimming. On 31 August 2012 at the London Aquatics Centre, <mask> slashed 23 seconds off her personal best time to win a bronze medal in the S8 400 m freestyle. She went on to win silver in S8 50 m freestyle, bronze in the S8 100 m Freestyle, and gold in the Women's 4x100 m Freestyle Relay – 34 Points. She thus became, at age 13, the youngest ever Australian to win a Paralympic medal, surpassing Anne Currie, or a gold medal, a record formerly held by Elizabeth Edmondson. Afterwards, she met with Prince Harry and gave him a Lizzie the Frill Neck Lizard, the mascot of the Australian Paralympic Committee and Australia's Paralympic Teams. This resulted in the Australian Chef de Mission, Jason Hellwig, officially presenting Lizzie to the Chairman of the London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG), Lord Coe, who gave him a Mandeville in return.In November 2012, <mask> and Rheed McCracken, the youngest members of the 2012 Paralympic Team, were together named the Paralympic Junior Athlete of the Year. She won gold medals in the Women's 50 m and 100 m Freestyle S8 events and a silver medal in the Women's 400 m Freestyle S8 at the August 2013 IPC Swimming World Championships in Montreal, Canada, and was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia in the 2014

masks: Elliott Elliott


texts: Australia Day Honours "for service to sport as a Gold Medallist at the London 2012 Paralympic Games." <mask> won a gold medal at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow in the women's 100 m S8 freestyle in a world record time of 1:05.32, breaking the record set by Jessica Long in 2012. At the 2015 IPC Swimming World Championships, <mask> won the gold medals in the women's 50 m freestyle S8, women's 100 m freestyle S8 in a world record time of 1.04.71, women's 100 m backstroke S8 and women's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay 34 points, silver medals in the women's 400 m freestyle S8 and women's 4 × 100 m medley relay 34 points and a bronze medal in the women's 100 m butterfly S8. Her success at the IPC World Championships led to her being awarded Swimming Australia's 2015 Paralympic Swimmer of the Year. In November 2015, she was awarded the New South Wales Institute of Sport Regional Athlete of the Year. At the 2016 Rio Paralympics, she was a member of the team that won gold in world record time in the 4 x 100 freestyle relay 34 points, alongside Ellie Cole, Lakeisha Patterson and Ashleigh McConnell.She won her first individual Paralympic gold medal in winning the 100 metre freestyle S8 in a Paralympic record time of 1:04.73, and followed this with gold in the  50 metre freestyle S8 in a world record time of 29.73. In addition, she won silver medals in the 100 metre backstroke S8 and 4 x 100 Medley Relay 34 points. After Elliot's success in the 2016 Rio Paralympics, she was crowned early December as the Australian Paralympic Female Athlete of the Year,


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 adding to her impressive list of accolades. In 2017, <mask> was reclassified to S9 and subsequently was not selected on Australian teams at the 2018 Commonwealth Games and World Para Swimming Championships. In 2019, <mask> reported that she was subjected to cyber bullying as a result of classification issues. Recognition

2012 –  Australian Paralympic Junior Athlete of the Year
2014 – Medal of the Order of Australia
2015 – Paralympic Swimmer of the Year at the Swimming Australia awards. 2015 – NSWIS Regional Athlete of the Year
2015 – NSW Athlete of the Year with a Disability
2016 – Paralympic Swimmer of the Year at the Swimming Australia awards.2016 – NSWIS Female Athlete of the Year, NSWIS Regional Athlete of the Year, NSWIS  Junior Athlete of the Year
2016 – Australian Paralympic Female Athlete of the Year. References

External links

1998 births
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia
Female Paralympic swimmers of Australia
Living people
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Paralympics
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Paralympic bronze medalists for Australia
Paralympic gold medalists for Australia
Paralympic silver medalists for Australia
Recipients of the Medal of the Order of Australia
Sportswomen from New South Wales
Sportspeople from Newcastle, New South Wales
Swimmers at the 2012 Summer Paralympics
Swimmers at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Swimmers at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
S8-classified Paralympic swimmers
Commonwealth Games medallists in swimming
Medalists at the World Para Swimming Championships
Paralympic


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<mask>, born as Dennis Kipkurui Sang (, born 1 December 1986), is a middle-distance runner who represents Bahrain after changing nationality from Kenya. His speciality is the 3000 metres steeplechase. His personal best time of 8:06.13 minutes is also the Bahraini national record, set on 13 July 2009 at the Athens Grand Prix Tsiklitiria. Ascent in international athletics
The allegiance transfer from Kenya to Bahrain took place on 1 January 2005. <mask> emerged on the international athletics scene at the 2005 World Cross Country Championships, where he finished ninth in the junior race. He later competed at the 2005 World Youth Championships in Marrakech, Morocco where he won the 2000 metres steeplechase event. Reportedly, <mask> "made it look easy" as he let other runners lead the race until he broke away at the final water jump.With the time 5:23.95 minutes he set a new world youth's best performance. The previous best performance belonged to Kenyan Ronald Kipchumba Rutto with 5:27.64 minutes. Identity controversy
Not soon after, however, questions arose over the identity of <mask>. István Gyulai, then-Secretary General of the International Association of Athletics Federations, asked Isaiah Kiplagat, president of Athletics Kenya, to help shed light on the issue. Born in Kenya under a different name, it was claimed that the identity of <mask> was altered upon his switch to Bahrain, to qualify for international junior and youth events. According to the East African Standard, <mask> had supposedly beaten Eliud Kipchoge in a junior cross-country race in 2001. Kiplagat was quoted as saying that "I have already told IAAF that the two runners are cheats and we have the proof".Both his former name, substituted with an Arabic name upon arrival in Bahrain, and his reported birth date were subjects of investigation for the following two years. According to the official Bahraini

masks:
Tareq Mubarak Taher
Taher
Taher
Taher
Taher
Taher


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 papers, <mask> was born 1 December 1989 and named Dennis Sang. This purported birthdate would make him eligible to compete at the 2005 World Youth Championships which is open to athletes aged seventeen and less. However, both Kenya and the IAAF claim that <mask> was indeed formerly named Dennis Kipkurui Keter and born on 24 March 1984. If this were the case, <mask> would be 21 years old at the time of the World Youth Championships and ineligible to compete. Career continues
While age investigations were ongoing, <mask> was allowed to continue his career both in international junior and senior meets. Three weeks after the World Youth Championships he finished fifteenth in 3000 m steeplechase at the 2005 World Championships.During the 2005–2006 indoor season he won a silver medal at the 2006 Asian Athletics Championships in Pattaya and finished eleventh at the 2006 World Indoor Championships in Moscow, both in the 3000 metres distance as the 3000 metres steeplechase is not contested on indoor arenas. He opened the 2006 outdoor season by finishing nineteenth in the junior race at the 2006 World Cross Country Championships, helping the Bahraini team to a fifth place in the team competition. At the 2006 World Junior Championships in Beijing, <mask> won the silver medal in the steeplechase race. Having crossed the last water jump aside Willy Komen of Kenya, Komen sprinted away on the last stretch to take the gold medal in a new championship record of 8:14.00 minutes. <mask> finished in 8:16.64. Meanwhile, in the same city, the age manipulation case was brought forth at the IAAF Council meeting. The investigation had not yet concluded, but it was reported that there was "strong suspicion of age manipulation".The case had been brought to government level in Kenya as IAAF president Lamine Diack had discussed the issue the previous month with Maina Kamanda, Kenyan Minister for

masks: Taher Taher Taher Taher Taher Taher


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 Gender, Sports, Culture and Social Services. Cases had also been opened for two other Bahraini athletes born in Kenya, Belal Mansoor Ali and Aadam Ismaeel Khamis. In addition the Council meeting reported on a similar case, involving Kenyan long-distance runner Thomas Pkemei Longosiwa, who was found to compete with a falsified age in the junior race at the 2006 World Cross Country Championships, the same thing for which <mask> was investigated. Towards the end of the season he finished tenth in 3000 m steeplechase at the 2006 World Athletics Final in Stuttgart, in which he was entitled to run after collecting points during certain designated meets throughout the season. He was then selected to represent Asia at the 2006 World Cup, a meet which gathers one competitor from each continent in each event, and finished eighth in the 3000 metres. His position in Asian steeplechase was consolidated as he won the gold medal at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha. The reigning world champion Saif Saaeed Shaheen, another Kenyan who changed nationality to Qatar, was absent from the Asian Games due to injury.Age investigations conclude
As the IAAF investigations concluded in 2007, the outcome was reported at the IAAF Council Meeting held in conjunction with the 2007 World Cross Country Championships in Mombasa. <mask> was found guilty of falsifying his age; according to IAAF, it had "emerged that the athlete falsified a birth certificate in order to obtain a Kenyan passport listing his birthday as 1 December 1989, when his real date of birth was 1 December 1986." In addition, his former name was found to be Dennis Kipkurui Sang. Meanwhile Belal Mansoor Ali was cleared of the same allegations, while the case of Aadam Ismaeel Khamis has not yet concluded. Reportedly, <mask> "remained unfazed by the stories of being stripped of his gold medal". The sanctions pertaining to <mask>'s over-age in

masks: Taher Taher Taher Taher


texts:
 competitions were finally announced in August 2007. His performances at the 2005 World Youth Championships, the 2007 World Cross Country Championships and the 2006 World Junior Championships were annulled, meaning that <mask> lost his medals and the world youth best performance.He was not disqualified from senior meets such as the World Championships or the Asian Games or the 2005 World Cross Country Championships because he was found to hold junior age at that time. The disqualifications of <mask> were particularly beneficial for Moroccan runner Abdelghani Aït Bahmad, who moved up from fourth place to bronze medal position at both the 2005 World Youth and the 2006 World Junior Championships. It was still unknown whether the identity was forged by <mask> himself or by someone else. If he is found to have forged his identity himself, <mask> could face a two-year ban from the sport, similar to the suspension imposed upon first time doping offenders. Personal best times
His current personal best times are:
1500 metres – 3:42.8 minutes (2006)
3000 metres – 7:50.31 minutes (2006)
3000 metres steeplechase – 8:06.13 minutes (2009) – also the Bahraini record. References

1986 births
Living people
Bahraini male middle-distance runners
Kenyan male middle-distance runners
Olympic athletes of Bahrain
Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Asian Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Kenyan emigrants to Bahrain
Naturalized citizens of Bahrain
Athletes (track and field) at the 2006 Asian Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2010 Asian Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2014 Asian Games
Kenyan male steeplechase runners
Bahraini male steeplechase runners
Bahraini people of Kenyan descent
Asian Games gold medalists for Bahrain
Asian Games silver medalists for Bahrain
Medalists at the 2006 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2014


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<mask>-Hariri (born 1930) is a former prominent Syrian Army officer. A staunch Arab nationalist, he supported the union between Syria and Egypt in 1958, opposed Syria's secession from it in 1961 and served as the chief leader of the coup d'état that toppled the secessionist government in March 1963. Politically independent from the Nasserists and their Ba'athist rivals, Hariri served as the army's chief of staff following the coup and was briefly defense minister until being dismissed during a wide-scale purge of non-Ba'athists from the military. He retired from political activity soon afterward. Early life
Hariri was born to a Sunni Muslim family from the town of Hama in 1930. His father was a major landowner in nearby Homs, and was sympathetic to the politics of the communist national leader Khalid al-Azm. Hariri's brother was also sympathetic to communism and was a locally known poet in Syria.Hariri's brother-in-law was the prominent Arab socialist politician Akram al-Hawrani, who was also a Hama native. Military and political career
Hariri entered the Homs Military Academy in the early 1950s and became an officer in the Syrian Army in 1954, during the presidency of Adib al-Shishakli. During this period he became active in the growing pan-Arabist movement led by Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser. Hariri supported the formation of the United Arab Republic (UAR) in February 1958. Along with many other Syrian officers, he was sent to be stationed in Egypt, a post he resented. He would later state that he felt he and his comrades "were in an inferior position and we did not know why." After the


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 union's breakup in 1961, following a secessionist coup in Syria, he became a staunch opponent of the new government of President Nazim al-Qudsi.At the time, Hariri, a staff colonel, had been reassigned to commander of the army on the southern front with Israel. It was both a prestigious title and a strategic post as Hariri headed the largest concentration of Syrian troops in the country. For two years Hariri actively opposed the secessionist government and worked to restore the union with Egypt, gaining the support of Nasserist and politically independent Arab nationalist officers in the army. Sometime in the middle of 1962, the Military Committee of the Ba'ath Party, which ostensibly favored the restoration of the UAR, offered Hariri the position of army chief of staff if he gave the Ba'athists his support in overthrowing Qudsi's government. Should the coup attempt fail, the committee guaranteed Hariri could "disown" them. Tensions had been rising between Hariri and Prime Minister Khalid al-Azm, and Hariri feared Azm was going to dismiss him as front commander and appoint him as the military attaché in Baghdad, where he could wield little influence over events in Syria. When Azm did nominate him for the position, Hariri refused and was accused of being a "rebel" by the government.1963 coup and aftermath

Hariri accepted the Military Committee's offer and on the night of 7–8 March 1963, he played a prominent role in the toppling of Qudsi and Azm. Hariri led the armored forces from the front line with Israel towards the Syrian capital, Damascus, while pro-government brigades at Qatana and al-Kiswah,


texts: on the outskirts of the city, were neutralized by unionist forces. Hariri's troops installed barricades blocking strategic roads in the city, and besieged several government buildings, including the main post office. By the morning of 8 March, the coup was completed with virtually no blood spilled and the chief unionist officers gathered at army headquarters in Damascus to celebrate its quick success. Syria expert Patrick Seale referred to Hariri as the "chief coup maker." Hariri was promoted to Major-General, became a member of the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) that governed the country and, as planned, was appointed the army's chief of staff. To Hariri's chagrin, the Military Committee became the underlying power in Syria instead of Hariri serving as the country's strongman.Under the committee's influence, the RCC appointed officer Lu'ay al-Atassi as president and Ba'athist co-founder Salah al-Din Bitar as prime minister. Meanwhile, tensions between the Nasserists and the Ba'athists soared after the latter were seen by the former as reneging on a unity agreement signed in April with Iraq—where a Ba'athist-Nasserist alliance had taken power in February—and Egypt. Hariri had taken part in the negotiations in Cairo. Towards the end of April, dozens of Nasserist officers were purged from the army, prompting the resignation of six Nasserist RCC members, or half the council, in protest. The sidelining of the Nasserists, including Defense Minister Muhammad al-Sufi, resulted in Hariri's acquisition of the defense ministry portfolio. Together with his position as chief of staff, the defense ministry


texts:
 post gave Hariri highly strategic control over the army. This was seen as a major impediment to the Military Committee's plans to consolidate unchecked power in the armed forces.Tensions between Hariri, a political independent, and the Ba'athists, remained latent until several of Hariri's allies, including some thirty elite officers under his command, were discharged on the orders of Amin al-Hafiz, the Ba'athist interior minister on 23 June. Hariri had been sent to Algeria on 19 June with a high-ranking delegation, including Bitar, Aflaq and Education Minister Sami Droubi, just prior to the purge and was unable to personally intervene. Hariri was subsequently dismissed as chief of staff and was officially reassigned to the post of military attache in Washington D.C. He was instructed to head to the Syrian embassy in Washington directly and not to return to Damascus, which he did nevertheless. He refused the position and left Syria for France on 8 July to avoid the repercussions from the Ba'athist officers. Prime Minister Bitar was known to sympathize with Hariri, and accompanied him to the Damascus International Airport, with Bitar reportedly having tears in his eyes. Bitar and the civilian Ba'athist leadership viewed Hariri as a counterweight to the Military Committee, who Bitar feared would now have unrestricted control over his government's decisions.Hariri's self-imposed exile marked the end of his political and military career. References

Bibliography

1930 births
Chiefs of Staff of the Syrian Army
Living people
Syrian Arab nationalists
Syrian ministers of defense
People from Hama
Syrian


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<mask><mask> is a cognitive psychologist and Associate professor in Consumer behaviour at INCAE as well as a Post-Doctoral Fellow at Harvard University. She is best known for her controversial work on repressed and recovered memories in her books Abducted and The Trauma Myth. Education

In 2001, <mask> received her PhD in experimental psychology from Harvard University. Career

<mask> joined the Harvard University psychology department as a graduate student in 1995. There she began to study memory and the idea of repressed memories due to trauma. The debate in this field was strong at the time, with many clinicians arguing that we repress memories to protect ourselves from trauma that would be too hard to bear. Many cognitive psychologists, on the other hand, argued that true trauma is almost never forgotten, and that memories brought up years later through hypnosis are most likely false.In 2003, <mask> remarked to Bruce Grierson of the New York Times that "nobody was doing research on the group that was at the center of the controversy -- the people who were reporting recovered memories. Memory function in that group had never been examined in the laboratory." <mask> hypothesized that there was a group of people who were more susceptible to false memory creation and that this tendency might be demonstrated in the lab by giving standard memory tests. The tests included giving participants lists of related words and then later asking them to recall the first list by circling words from a second list that included similar words. Her data strongly suggested that some people are more likely to "remember" seeing similar words to those on the lists that weren't an exact match, more so than a control group. Essentially "creating a recollection out of a contextual inference, a fact from a feeling." These findings were published in the journal Psychological Science in 2000.Her work was heavily criticized by some in the community. It was suggested that it could be possible that those with recovered memories of trauma, had such traumatic memories that they were not only repressed, but that they also manifested

masks:
Susan A
. Clancy
Clancy
Susan Clancy
Clancy
Clancy