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<mask> (born February 28, 1994) is an American football defensive tackle for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Alabama. He was drafted by the New York Giants in the second round of the 2017 NFL Draft, and played for the team from 2017 to 2020. High school career
Tomlinson attended Henry County High School in McDonough, Georgia. He played football and was a wrestler in high school, winning three state titles. College career

Redshirt freshman
Tomlinson began attending Alabama in 2012 and redshirted his first season while still recovering from a torn ACL he suffered playing for his soccer team in high school. Freshman
Throughout Alabama's fall camp in 2013, Tomlinson competed with Ed Stinson, Jeoffrey Pagan, and A'Shawn Robinson for the starting defensive end position.Head coach Nick Saban named him the backup right defensive end behind Jeoffrey Pagan to begin his freshman season. On August 31, 2013, <mask> made his collegiate debut during Alabama's 35-10 victory over Virginia Tech. He recorded four combined tackles, but left after suffering a knee injury that caused him to miss the entire 2013 season. He had a surgery to repair the knee injury and was due to miss 5–6 months. Sophomore
He returned to fall camp in 2014 and competed with Jonathan Allen and D. J. Pettway for the job as the starting defensive end. On August 30, 2014, <mask> recorded five combined tackles during Alabama's season-opening 33-23 victory over West Virginia. On October 25, 2014, he recorded two solo tackles and sacked Tennessee's quarterback Joshua Dobbs

masks:
Dalvin Tomlinson
Tomlinson
Tomlinson


type: original

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 for the first one of his career during a 34-20 victory.On November 15, 2014, he recorded a season-high seven combined tackles, two tacklesMississippi, and made the second sack of his career, as Alabama defeated Mississippi State. He finished his sophomore season in 2014 with 22 combined tackles (8 solo), two sacks, and 5.5 tackles for a loss in 14 games. Junior
Tomlinson returned to fall camp in 2015, competing for the starting defensive end position with A'Shawn Robinson, Jarran Reed, Jonathan Allen, and Da'Shawn Hand. He was named the backup right defensive end behind Jarran Reed to begin his third season. In Alabama's season-opener against Wisconsin, Tomlinson made two solo tackles and a career-high three pass deflections during Alabama's 35-17 victory. On September 26, 2015,  Tomlinson recorded a season-high five combined tackles in a 35-0 defeat over Louisiana-Monroe. During a Week 8 contest against LSU, he collected four combined tackles and was credited for half a sack on Brandon Harris in a 30-16 victory.Tomlinson completed the 2015 season with 34 combined tackles (22 solo), a half a sack, and led the Crimson Tide with five pass deflections in 14 games. He was a part of a highly touted defensive front in 2015, that consisted of four future NFL players that would all be taken in the first two rounds of the 2016 an 2017 NFL Draft. Along with himself and nose tackle Daron Payne, the defensive line included A'Shawn Robinson (46th overall, 2016), Jarran Reed (49th overall, 2016), and Jonathan Allen (17th overall, 2017). Senior
Tomlinson competed with Jonathan Allen, Dakota Ball,


texts:
 and Da'Shawn Hand for the vacant defensive end positions throughout fall camp. Head coach Nick Saban named him the right defensive end opposite Jonathan Allen, to begin the 2016 season. He made his first career start during Alabama's season-opener against USC and helped hold the Trojans to 64 rushing yards and recorded one tackle during the 52-6 victory. He played both defensive tackle and defensive end throughout the game.The following week against Western Kentucky, he recorded three combined tackles, a tackle for a loss, and his first sack of the season, as the Crimson Tide defeated the Hilltoppers 38-10. On November 19, 2016, Tomlinson collected a career-high eight combined tackle and was credited with an assist for a tackle for a loss during a 31-3 win against Chattanooga. He finished his senior season a total of 62 combined tackles (45 solo), 5.5 tackles for a loss, three sacks, and a forced fumble in 14 games and 14 starts. During his career he had 122 tackles and four sacks. Professional career
<mask> received an invitation to the Senior Bowl and helped the South defeat the North 16-15 with four combined tackles. The Cleveland Browns, Houston Texans, Philadelphia Eagles, and San Diego Chargers all met and interviewed Tomlinson during the week of the Senior Bowl. He attended the NFL Combine and performed all of the combine and positional drills except for the bench.He also participated at Alabama's Pro Day and opted to only run positional drills and perform the bench press for scouts and team representatives. The majority of NFL draft experts and analysts projected him to be


texts:
 selected anywhere from the second to fourth round. He was ranked the fifth best defensive tackle in the draft by NFLDraftScout.com and NFL media analyst Mike Mayock, ranked the sixth best defensive tackle by ESPN, and was ranked the ninth best defensive tackle by Sports Illustrated. New York Giants
The New York Giants selected <mask> in the second round (55th overall) of the 2017 NFL Draft. On May 10, 2017, the New York Giants signed <mask> to a four-year, $4.57 Million contract that includes $2.13 million guaranteed and a signing bonus of $1.46 million. He competed with Robert Thomas, Jay Bromley, Jarron Jones, Jordan Williams , and Corbin Bryant throughout training camp for the role as the starting defensive tackle. Head coach Ben McAdoo named <mask> the right defensive tackle, along with Damon Harrison, to begin the regular season.He made his professional regular season debut during the Giants' season-opener against the Dallas Cowboys and made four combined tackles in the Giant's 3-19 loss. He originally began the 2018 season at defensive end. After Damon Harrison was traded to the Detroit Lions, <mask> was named starting nose tackle. Minnesota Vikings
On March 17, 2021, Tomlinson signed a two-year, $22 million contract with the Minnesota Vikings. References

External links

New York Giants bio
Alabama Crimson Tide bio

1994 births
Living people
People from McDonough, Georgia
Players of American football from Georgia (U.S. state)
American football defensive tackles
American football defensive ends
Alabama Crimson Tide football players
New York Giants players
Minnesota Vikings

masks: Tomlinson Tomlinson Tomlinson Tomlinson


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<mask>'Doherty (born 26 March 1952) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a full-back for the Cork senior team. Born in Galway, O'Doherty first played competitive hurling during his schooling at Coláiste Chríost Rí. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of sixteen when he first linked up with the Cork minor teams as a dual player, before later joining the under-21 sides. He made his senior hurling debut during the 1971 championship. O'Doherty later became a regular member of the starting fifteen, and won three All-Ireland medals, six Munster medals and one National Hurling League medal. The All-Ireland-winning captain 1in 1977, he was an All-Ireland runner-up on one occasion. As a member of the Munster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions, O'Doherty won one Railway Cup medal.At club level he is a two-time All-Ireland medallist with Glen Rovers O'Doherty also won two Munster medals and two championship medals. Throughout his career O'Doherty made 25 championship appearances. He retired from inter-county hurling following the conclusion of the 1982 championship. Playing career

Colleges
During his schooling at Coláiste Chríost Rí in Cork, O'Doherty established himself as a key member of the senior hurling and Gaelic football teams. In 1968 he secured a remarkable provincial double, winning Harty Cup and Corn Uí Mhuirí medals following respective defeats of CBS Sexton Street and Coláiste Íosagáin. After a defeat by St. Peter's College in the subsequent Croke Cup decider, O'Doherty won a Hogan Cup medal following a 3–11 to 1–10 defeat of Belcamp


texts:
 College. Two years later O'Doherty won a second Corn Uí Mhuirí medal following another defeat of Coláiste Íosagáin.He later added a second Hogan Cup medal to his collection following a narrow 4–5 to 1–13 defeat of St. Malachy's from Belfast. University

During his studies at University College Cork, O'Doherty was an automatic inclusion on the college hurling team. In 1978 he was at full-back as UCC faced University College Dublin in the final of the Fitzgibbon Cup. A 3–15 to 2–7 defeat was the result on that occasion. Club

O'Doherty enjoyed little success with Glen Rovers in the minor and under-21 grades, however, by 1972 he was a key member of the senior team. He won his first championship medal that year following a 3–15 to 1–10 of first-time finalists Youghal. A subsequent 2–9 to 1–10 defeat of former champions Roscrea gave O'Doherty a first Munster medal.On 9 December 1973 O'Doherty lined out in the All-Ireland decider against St. Rynagh's. Tom Buckley and Red Crowley inspired the Glen to a 2–18 to 2–8 victory, giving O'Doherty his first All-Ireland medal. Glen Rovers surrendered their titles the following season, however, the team bounced back in 1976 with O'Doherty as captain. A 2–7 to 0–10 defeat of Blackrock gave him a second championship medal. He later added a second Munster medal to his collection following a 2–8 to 2–4 defeat of South Liberties. The subsequent All-Ireland decider on 27 March 1977 saw Glen Rovers face Camross. A relatively comfortable 2–12 0–8 victory gave O'Doherty a second All-Ireland medal, while he also had the honour of lifting


texts:
 the cup as captain.Minor, under-21 and junior

O'Doherty first played for Cork as a member of the minor football team in 1968. He was a late addition to the starting fifteen, making his debut in the All-Ireland decider against Sligo on 22 September 1968. A narrow 3–5 to 1–10 victory gave O'Doherty an All-Ireland Minor Football Championship medal. In 1969 O'Doherty was a dual player in the minor grade. He added a second Munster medal to his collection, as the footballers defeated Kerry by 3–11 to 0–12. A week later O'Doherty won his first Munster medal with the hurlers as Tipperary were accounted for on a score line of 1–12 to 2–4. On 7 September 1969 Cork faced Kilkenny in the All-Ireland decider.A 2–15 to 3–6 victory gave O'Doherty his first All-Ireland medal. O'Doherty collected a second Munster medal with the hurlers in 1970 following a 3–8 to 4–4 defeat of Tipperary once again. The subsequent All-Ireland final on 6 September 1970 saw Cork faced Galway. A 5–19 to 2–9 trouncing gave O'Doherty a second consecutive All-Ireland medal, in what was his last game in the minor grade. By the end of 1970 O'Doherty was also added to the Cork under-21 teams in both codes. He was an unused substitute as the Cork hurlers defeated Wexford by 5–17 to 0–8 in a replay of the All-Ireland decider, however, he was a regular member of the under-21 football side for the latter stages of the championship. On 4 October 1970 Cork faced Fermamagh in the All-Ireland final.A convincing 2–11 to 0–9 victory gave O'Doherty a first All-Ireland medal in that grade. O'Doherty was a dual


texts:
 provincial medallist with the under-21s in 1971. A 5–11 to 4–9 defeat of Tipperary gave him his first Munster medal with the hurlers, while he also collected a first Munster medal with the footballers following a 1–10 to 2–5 defeat of Waterford. O'Doherty was at right corner-back for the subsequent All-Ireland hurling decider against Wexford on 12 September 1971. John Rothwell ran riot and scored four goals as Cork powered to a 7–8 to 1–11 victory. It was his first All-Ireland medal with the under-21s on the field of play. A week later Cork faced Fermanagh for the second successive year in the All-Ireland football decider.A 3–10 to 0–3 trouncing gave O'Doherty a second All-Ireland medal in that code. 1971 also saw Doherty link up with the Cork junior football team. A 2–7 to 1–5 defeat of Clare gave him a Munster medal. The following year O'Doherty missed the Cork junior footballers provincial campaign, however, he was at left corner-back for the All-Ireland decider against Hertfordshire on 1 October 1972. A 5–16 to 0–3 thrashing gave him an All-Ireland medal. In 1973 O'Doherty was captain of the under-21 hurling side. After missing the provincial decider he was back on the starting fifteen for the All-Ireland decider against Wexford on 11 November 1973.A 2–10 to 4–2 victory gave O'Doherty a second All-Ireland medal on the field of play, his third over all, while he also had the honour of collecting the cup. Senior

O'Doherty made his senior championship debut on 4 July 1971 in a 2–16 to 2–14 Munster semi-final defeat by Limerick. After being dropped from the


texts: panel the following year, O'Doherty returned as Cork's first-choice full-back from 1973. He won a National Hurling League medal the following year after a 6–15 to 1–12 trouncing of Limerick. O'Doherty won his first Munster medal in 1975 following a 3–14 to 0–12 defeat of Limerick. 1976 saw Cork retain their provincial title with another huge 4–14 to 3–5 win over neighbouring Limerick. It was O'Doherty's second Munster medal.Wexford provided the opposition in the subsequent All-Ireland final on 5 September 1976. Wexford got off to a great start and were 2–2 to no score ahead after just six minutes. Wexford had a two-point lead with ten minutes to go, however, three points from Jimmy Barry-Murphy, two from Pat Moylan and a kicked effort from Ray Cummins gave Cork a 2–21 to 4–11 victory. It was O'Doherty's first All-Ireland medal. O'Doherty was appointed captain of the team in 1977. He won a third successive Munster medal that year following a 4–15 to 4–10 defeat of fourteen-man Clare. The All-Ireland final on 4 September 1977 was a repeat of the previous year, with Wexford providing the opposition once again.Seánie O'Leary score the decisive goal for Cork as the game entered the last quarter, while <mask> brought off a match-winning save from Christy Keogh to foil the Wexford comeback. A 1–17 to 3–8 victory gave O'Doherty a second All-Ireland medal, while he also had the honour of lifting the Liam MacCarthy Cup. He was later presented with his first All-Star. Cork made it a fourth successive provincial title in 1978, with O'Doherty also collecting his fourth


texts:
 winners' medal following a narrow 0–13 to 0–11 defeat of Clare. On 3 September 1978 Cork faced Kilkenny in the All-Ireland decider. Cork went on to secure a first three-in-a-row of All-Ireland titles for the first time in over twenty years, as a Jimmy Barry-Murphy goal helped the team to a 1–15 to 2–8 victory over Kilkenny. It was O'Doherty's third successive All-Ireland medal, while he later secured a second All-Star.Cork and O'Doherty won a record-equaling fifth successive Munster title in 1979 following a 2–15 to 0–9 trouncing of Limerick. Cork's quest for a fourth successive All-Ireland title ended with a semi-final defeat by Galway, however, O'Doherty was later presented with a third successive All-Star. After emigrating to Los Angeles O'Doherty missed Cork's championship campaign in 1981. He was back the following year as Cork powered their way through the championship. A massive 5–21 to 3–6 defeat of Waterford in the provincial decider gave him a sixth Munster medal. On 5 September 1982 Cork faced Kilkenny in the All-Ireland decider. "The Cats", who many viewed as the underdogs,
surprised all on the day, with Christy Heffernan scoring two goals in a forty-second spell just before the interval to take the wind out of Cork's sails.Ger Fennelly got a third goal within eight minutes of the restart, giving Kilkenny a 3–18 to 1–15 victory. O'Doherty retired from inter-county hurling following this defeat. Inter-provincial

In 1978 O'Doherty was chosen at full-back on the Munster inter-provincial team. A 0–20 to 1–11 defeat of Connacht in the decider gave him a


texts:
<mask> (born 24 April 1975) is a French-Israeli artist working at the intersection of video, photography, performance, drawing architecture and social action. Born in Nice, his work delves into the tensions between East and West, religious and secular life, centralized power and periphery, the real and the imaginary, while also resonating with issues pertaining to colonialism, gender, and identity. Artistic career

Following a childhood that brought him from Nice to the development town of Ofakim in Israel's Negev desert, Dadoune became known in the early 2000s, in both France and Israel, for his film Zion (2006–07), produced with the support and participation of the Louvre and actress Ronit Elkabetz. In 2008, he developed a cycle of works entitled In the Desert in which he explored the economic, social, and cultural reality of Ofakim. For the project, Dadoune produced films, gathered archival documents, initiated guided tours, invited journalists, and tried to harness as many people as possible to deliver Ofakim from its status as a "non-place". In 2010 he began to focus on drawing and created monumental surfaces slathered in tar that he also added to various objects and materials. Some of these tar pieces were exhibited at Fondation d'entreprise Ricard in Paris and at Petach Tikva Museum


texts: of Art in Israel.Among his other striking pieces are the noteworthy Impossible Calendars (2013), exhibited at Tel Aviv Museum of Art for the 100th anniversary of Dada, and Barrière protectrice (2017), a series of autobiographical war drawings published as a book by Éditions Arnaud Bizalion. In 2017, he was named a Knight of Arts and Letters by the French Minister of Culture, and in July that year, his project An Arab Spring (comprising 233 photographs and 17 videos) was added to the collections of the Parisian Centre Pompidou. In October 2017, Dadoune was the invited artist for the City of Versailles Night of Creation, where he presented a pivotal selection of works under the title Sillons. In 2018, he received the art prize from Fondation Renée et Léonce Bernheim. Dadoune has participated in over 200 solo and group exhibitions. His work has been shown notably at FIAC (Paris), Espace Richaud (Versailles), Petach Tikva Museum of Art, Israel, Plateau / FRAC île-de-France, Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Fondation d'entreprise Ricard, Paris, and the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. His videos have been screened at White Box, New York, as well as in the Parisian Musée de la Chasse et de la Nature, the Louvre auditorium, and Palais de Tokyo.Dadoune's works are included in the collections of Centre Georges


texts:
 Pompidou, the Louvre, and FNAC in Paris, as well as FRAC Normandy Rouen, the Israel Museum, Jerusalem, and Petach Tikva Museum of Art, Israel. Selected solo exhibitions
2018
 Family Album. The Lobby Art Space, Tel Aviv, IL (curator Leor Grady, Orit Mor, Barbara Wolffer)
 Des Racines. Galerie Eva Vautier, Nice, FR
2017
 Sillons. Espace Richaud, Versailles, FR (curator Isabelle Bourgeois)
 Black Box / Fragment. Galerie Le Minotaure, Paris, FR
2016
 In praise of the Sequence. The Lobby Art Space, Tel Aviv, IL (curator Leor Grady, Orit Mor)
2015
 PAREIDOLIE (artiste invité), Salon International du Dessin Contemporain, Marseille, FR (curator Isabelle Bourgeois)
2014
 Le Kiosque Noir.Espace d’art le Moulin, La Valette, FR
 Le Musée Noir. Galerie Eva Vautier, Nice, FR
2012
 Ofakim. La Bulle, Institut Français, Tel Aviv, IL (curator Drorit Gur Arie)
 Ofakim. Petah Tikva Museum of Art, Petah Tikva, IL (curator Drorit Gur Arie)
2007
 <mask>ne: A Cinematic Trilogy. Petah Tikva Museum of Art, Petah Tikva, IL (curator Drorit Gur Arie)
 Purifying Love. Track7arts Laboratorium, Athens, GR (curator Sania Papa)
 “Universes”. Galerie Martine Aboucaya, Paris, FR
2006
 Milk Teeth.Janco Dada Museum, Ein Hod, IL
 Chanti. Le Plateau / FRAC Ile de France, Paris, FR
2004
 Universes. Alon Segev Gallery, Tel


texts:
 Aviv, IL
 Universes. The artists’ house, Jerusalem, IL
2002
 Limited Club. Galerie Joël Scholtès, Nice, FR
2001
 La chambre froide. Institut français, Tel Aviv, IL
 Bienvenue au Club. Alon Segev Gallery, Tel Aviv, IL
 La Viande Autrement / L’autre Substance: Mode d’emploi.Passage de Retz, Paris, FR
2000
 Le Cabinet / Temple. Galerie Éric Dupont, Paris, FR

Selected group exhibitions
2019
 Family trees. FRAC Normandie, Rouen, FR (curator Véronique Souben)
 Révélation, galerie ANNE+, Paris, FR
2018
 The Land of Promise. MODEM Modern and Contemporary Arts Centre, Debrecen, HU (curator Tamás Don)
 Frottement. 10e édition des Arts Éphémères, Marseille, FR (curator Isabelle Bourgeois & Martine Robin)
 To the End of Land. National Gallery of Modern Art, New Delhi, IN (curator Drorit GurArie & Or Tshuva)
 Résonance. FRAC Normandie, Rouen, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen, Rouen, FR
2017
 Inconfort moderne.La Fabric, Fondation Salomon, Annecy, FR (commissariat Annie Aguettaz)
 Je t’aime Ronit Elkabetz. Design Museum Holon, Holon, IL (curator Yaara Keydar & Shlomit Elkabetz)
 Homarim le-mahchava. Negev Museum of Art, Beersheba, IL (curator Dalia Manor & Nirit Dahan)
 Imago Mundi. The Luciano Benetton Collection, Biennial of the Mediterranean Archipelago, Palermo, IT
2016
 D’une Méditerranée, l’autre.


texts:
 Hôtel des Arts, Toulon, FR (curator Francesco Bonami, Emanuela Mazzonis, Pascal Neveux & Ricardo Vazquez)
 À l’heure du dessin. 4e temps, Chateau de Serviers, Marseille, FR (curator Martine Robin)
 Fundamental. 5e Mediations Biennale, Poznań, PL (curator Drorit Gur Arie)
 Alchemy of Words: Abraham Abulafia, Dada, Lettrism.Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv, IL (curator Bat Sheva Ida Goldman)
 Circle of life. NordArt 2016, Büdelsdorf, DE (curator Carmit Blumensohn)
2015
 Bibliologia: The Book as Body. Petah Tikva Museum of Art, Petah Tikva, IL (curator Drorit Gur Arie & Raphaël Sigal)
 Expressions méditerranéennes. De la poésie à l’engagement. Festival PhotoMed, Hôtel des Arts, Toulon, FR
 Recurrence: Rituals, Place, and History. The Nicosia Municipal Arts Centre & the Pierides Foundation. Nicosia, CY (curator Drorit Gur Arie)
2014
 Inhabiting the World.Busan Biennale, Busan, KR (curator Olivier Kaeppelin)
 Les désastres de guerres, 1800-2014. Louvre-Lens, Lens, FR (curator Laurence Bertrand Dorleac & Marie-Laure Bernadac)
 Confrontation. Galerie Le Minotaure & Galerie Alain Le Gaillard, Paris, FR (curator Marie Shek)
2013
 Honey, I rearranged the Collection - Philippe Cohen Collection. Passage de Retz, Paris, FR (curator Ami Barak)
 The Compromised Land: Recent Photography and Video from


texts:
 Israel. Neuberger Museum of Art. Purchase, New York, US (curator Helaine Posner & Lilly Wei)
 L’apparition des images. Fondation Ricard, Paris, FR (curator Audrey Illouz)
2012
 Great Wide Open: New and Old in the Collection.The Israel Museum, Jerusalem, IL (curator Amitai Mendelsohn)
 The Unknown Mediations Biennale, Poznań, PL (curator Drorit Gur Arie)
 Terra Mediterranea – In Crisis. the Nicosia Municipal Arts Centre, Nicosia, CY (curator Yiannis Toumazis)
 Ici/Paris. Galerie Michel Rein, Paris, FR (curator Marie Shek)
 Works on paper, Vivian Horan Gallery, New York, US

Residency
 2014 Schir Residency, Berlin, Germany
 2012 Villa Tamaris, La Seyne-sur-Mer, France
 2011 Artist Pension Trust Studio, Brooklyn, United States
 2007 Mishkan Amanim, Herzlia, Israel
 2007 Gast Atelier Stadt Düsseldorf, Kunstler Hous, Düsseldorf, Germany
 2006 Centre Photographique d’Ile-de-France, Pontault-Combault, France
 2006 Cité internationale des arts, Paris, France
 2005 ArtBOX Grèce & Apollonia, curator: Sania Papa, Kalamaria, Thessaloniki, Greece
 2004-5 Cité internationale des arts, Paris, France
 2000 Triangle France, Marseille, France

References

Bibliography
(Fr) Maurey Catherine, <mask>ne: Les valises itinérantes (Nice: Galerie Le Chanjour, 1996–97). (En) <mask>ne: Bienvenue au Club (Welcome to

masks:
Joseph Dadou
Joseph Dadou


texts:
 the Club) (Tel Aviv: Alon Segev Gallery, 2001). (Fr) Thomas Zoritchak, Universes 2000–2003 (Tel Aviv: Alon Segev Gallery, Mercaba Pictures, 2004). (Heb + En) Drorit Gur Arie, Ktzia Alon, Fabrice Flahutez, Ruth Malul Zadka, Joseph Dadoune: A Cinematic Trilogy (Petach Tikva, Israel: Petach Tikva Museum of Art, 2007) (). (Heb + Fr + En) Haviva Pedaya, Drorit Gur Arie, Dr. Yvonne Kozlovsky-Golan, Raphaël Sigal, Omri Herzog, Abdellah Taïa, Yoav Shemueli, Amnon Raz Krakotzkin, "Yosef-<mask> Dadoune: Regarding Sion / À propos de Sion," Hakivun Mizrakh [East-Word], 17 (special edition; Winter 2008–09), Bimat Kedem Publishing, Israel ()
(Heb + En) Drorit Gur Arie, Shani Bar-On, Audrey Illouz, Conversation between Yosef Joseph Dadoune & Zvi Efrat, Yitzhak Krispel, Efrat-Kowalsky Architects, Dan Hason, Dadoune | Von Beider, Ofakim (Horizons) (Petach Tikva, Israel: Petach Tikva Museum of Art, 2012) ().(Fr) Fabrice Flahutez, L'oeuvre ouverte de <mask>, Le kiosque noir 2015, Espace d'art Le Moulin, Ville de La Valette-du-Var, 2015 (ISSN 1969-2625)
(Fr) Lucia Sagradini, Icônes 61, <mask>, Multitudes, 2015 (ISSN 0292-0107)
(Fr + Heb) Isabelle Bourgeois, Yosef-<mask> Dadoune: Pour qui sont ces serpents qui sifflent sur vos têtes? (Kibbutz Ashdot Ya'akov Meuhad, Israel: Beit Uri And Rami Nehostan Museum,

masks:
Joseph
Joseph Dadoune
Joseph Dadoune
Joseph Yaakov


texts:
 2016) ()
(Heb + En) Doron von Beider, Yosef <mask> Dadoune: In Praise of the Sequence (Tel Aviv: The Lobby, 2016). (Fr) Fabrice Flahutez, <mask>ne: barrière protectrice (Paris: Arnaud Bizalion Éditeur, 2017) (). (Fr + Heb) Isabelle Bourgeois, Drorit Gur Arie, Mikel Touval, Raphaël Zagury-Orly, Doron von Beider, and <mask>, Sillons: Yosef <mask> Bizalion Éditeur, 2017) (). External links
Official website

<mask> on TV5Monde
idREf
<mask> on Wikiart

See also

Living people
1975 births
French multimedia artists
21st-century Israeli male artists
Artists from Nice
Jewish artists
21st-century French male artists
French video artists
Israeli video

masks:
Joseph Yaakov
Joseph Dadou
Joseph Dadoune
Joseph Dadouneud
Joseph Dadoune
Joseph Dadoune


texts:
<mask> is a Spanish medical physicist. Her career started in 1964 at the Santa Creu i Sant Pau Hospital in Barcelona. From 1988 to 2000 she was Regional Advisor of the Radiological Health Program and from 2000 to 2002, Coordinator of Essential Drugs and Technology at the Pan American Health Organization in Washington DC. <mask> has  actively promoted among health administrators in Latin American and Caribbean countries that medical physicists and radiation protection experts are an essential requirement to achieve high-quality radiation oncology and diagnostic imaging procedures. She has received several awards, including the Edith H. Quimby Lifetime Achievement Award from American Association of Physicists in Medicine. Early life and education
<mask> grew up in Barcelona, Spain and did her undergraduate and doctorate studies in Physics at the University of Barcelona, where she obtained the degrees in 1964 and 1974. A Fulbright scholarship financed a stay at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, during which she did doctoral research under the direction of Robert O. Gorson and Robert L. Brent.Her primary interest had been radiation biology as she thought that physics, through radiation, could explain the principles of life. After receiving her Doctor of Sciences Degree she returned to the United States and took a position at the West Coast Cancer Foundation in San Francisco, California, where she set up quality control and quality assurance programs in diagnostic radiology in several hospitals, something not common for medical physicists in those days. She got involved in diagnostic radiology committees and AAPM task groups, later developing international cooperation with Latin America. Representing the AAPM International Affairs Committee in 1984 she promoted the formation of ALFIM, the Latin American Federation of Medical Physics. Since 1988 she directed the Radiological Health Program of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and World Health Organization (WHO) in the Washington DC area. She served as advisor to Latin American Health Ministers

masks:
Caridad Borrás
Borrás
Cari Borrás


texts:
 and professional societies on the need for medical physics and radiological protection standards to reach high-quality radiation oncology and diagnostic imaging services. Under her representation PAHO took active part as one of the organizations that prepared the International Basic Safety Standards for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources, a document endorsed by FAO, IAEA, ILO, NEA of the OECD, PAHO, and WHO.Once published the first edition in 1996, <mask> was a strong advocate for the implementation of the standards in the region of Latin American and the Caribbean. <mask> was the editor of Organization, Development, Quality Assurance, and Radiation Protection in Radiology Services: Imaging and Radiation Therapy, a textbook published by the PAHO in English in 1996 and in Spanish in 1997. It addressed to government and hospital administrators, discussing the issues of infrastructure, personnel, training, radiation protection and quality assurance needs in radiation oncology and diagnostic radiology services. In 2000 she was promoted to PAHO Coordinator of Essential Drugs and Technology, until 2002. Career as a medical physicist
Borrás career as a medical physicist started in 1964, following her undergraduate schooling and while waiting for a scholarship to pursue studies abroad, at the radiation oncology and nuclear medicine department of the Santa Creu i Sant Pau Hospital in Barcelona. Her activities included the calibration of the cobalt-60 and orthovoltage radiotherapy units, teaching part-time in the radiation oncology department, and radiobiology research, anticipating what would become later the typical work of a medical physicist. Later, she has also worked as a radiological physicist in San Francisco, CA; Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; and in Washington DC.She is board-certified by the American Board of Radiology (ABR), in Radiological Physics, and since 1991 by the American Board of Medical Physics, in Medical Health Physics, She is a member of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine, the American College of

masks: Borrás Borrás


texts:
 Radiology (ACR), the Health Physics Society, the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, and the Spanish Medical Physics (SEFM) and Radiation Protection Societies. At the International Organization for Medical Physics she chaired for nine years the Science Committee and at the International Union for Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine (IUPESM), co-chaired the Health Technology Task Group. She currently chairs the AAPM International Educational Activities Committee. She holds an adjunct faculty position at The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and works as a consultant for IAEA, PAHO and WHO and other international organizations. Awards and honors
Borrás is a Fellow of the American College of Radiology, the American Association of Physicists in Medicine, the International Organization for Medical Physics, the Health Physics Society, and the International Union for Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine. She has been given awards by the IUPESM, the SEFM, the AAPM (winner of the 2013 Edith H. Quimby Lifetime Achievement Award, one of the four major awards given by AAPM), the IOMP, the Latin American Medical Physics Association, the American College of Clinical Engineering, the ACR and the ABR. ), the IOMP, the Latin American Federation of Medical Physics, the American College of Clinical Engineering, the ACR and the ABR.Books

 <mask>, Caridad (editor), Organization, Development, Quality Assurance, and Radiation Protection in Radiology Services: Imaging and Radiation Therapy, PAHO/WHO, 1997. <mask>, <mask>, Hanson, Gerald P., Jiménez, Pablo. History of the Radiological Health Program of the Pan American Health Organization: 1960-2006, PAHO/WHO, 2006. <mask>, Caridad (editor). Defining the Medical Imaging Requirements for a Rural Health Center, Springer Science+Business Media, Singapore, 2017. See also

 List of female scientists in the 21st century

References

Medical physics
Spanish women physicists
Spanish biophysicists
University of Barcelona alumni
Radiation protection
Biophysicists
Scientists from

masks: Borrás Borrás Caridad Borrás


texts:
<mask> is an American new-age pianist, composer, songwriter and producer, specializing in contemporary Celtic-influenced themes and atmospheres. <mask>'s six albums generally focus on imaginative concepts loosely based in Celtic mythology, especially stories of the realm of Faerie. His music combines melodic elements of rare world instruments, mastery of synthesizer orchestrations and studio techniques. Three of his albums feature collaborations with vocalists Singh Kaur, Stephannie and Wendy Rule. <mask>'s third album, Fairy Heartmagic was listed on Billboard's New Age Top 25 chart for four weeks in year 2000. Several of his songs have been featured on compilations on multiple record labels in the USA and Europe. <mask> is the brother of professional golfer <mask>.Background and artistic development

<mask> knew at an early age that music would play a major role in his life. In school, in his hometown of San Diego, he learned to play the piano and most of the other instruments in the orchestra. When asked what he wanted to be when he grew up, he always replied, "I want to be an orchestra conductor!" In 1993 he wrote two songs, "Dream Spell" and "Awakening", for a play produced and performed in San Diego entitled The Goblin's Bride, based on Celtic myths of the realm of Faerie. Those songs were the genesis of his first album, Fairy of the Woods,  released by Sequoia Records in 1996, and well received by the alternative market of independent New Age bookstores. Stadler found a loyal audience who stayed with him as he added vocals and moved into a more acoustic direction on his second album released

masks:
Gary Stadler
Stadler
Stadler
Stadler
Craig Stadler
Stadler


texts: in 1998, Fairy NightSongs, featuring the lyrics and exquisite voice of recording artist Singh Kaur, already known to New Age listeners for her Crimson Series of  recordings featuring harpist Kim Robertson. For his third record, <mask> collaborated with Stephannie, a young vocalist and songwriter with a unique talent — by recalling her dreams she composed lyrics in a form of glossolalia she referred to as a new language of Celtic fantasy.Joined by the well-known Celtic harpist Lisa Lynne, <mask>'s third album, Fairy HeartMagic,  was released on Sequoia Records in October 2000, recognized on Billboard's New Age Top 25. The song Fairy NightSongs from this album was awarded JPF Best New Age/World song of 2004 following its appearance on a compilation. This was the first of <mask>'s CD to be enhanced with a CD-ROM session that offers two bonus songs in MP3 format and additional artwork for computer display. All of <mask>'s later albums featured similar enhancements. <mask>'s fourth album, Reflections of Faerie, in 2003 returned to instrumental pieces reminiscent of his first release but with a deeper and more intimate feel, mostly solo piano, with some featured harp artistry of Lisa Lynne. In 2004, for his fifth release Deep Within a Faerie Forest, <mask> collaborated with singer/composer Wendy Rule of Australia. This recording once again delves deep into the depths of the mystical Faerie realms with intriguing lyrics and unusual instrumentation.His sixth album, Faerie Lullabies was a retrospective produced in 2006 in which he chose the most peaceful and comforting pieces from his earlier releases and

masks: Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler Stadler


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 re-recorded them in the form of instrumental lullabies, intended for both children and their parents. <mask>'s song "Fairy of the Woods" was featured on the sound track of A Magickal Life: Jeff McBride, produced and broadcast by Canada's VisionTV, a one-hour episode of their series Enigma True-Life Stories in January 2006. His former wife Tamara contributed lyrics to his albums as well as the albums of fellow Vegas Vortex musical group Zingaia, also featured in the same documentary program. Album artwork

The artwork on the first two of  Stadler's six albums was created by San Diego artist Scott Thom, known for his original airbrush paintings coveted by collectors and his line of New Age greeting cards. Las Vegas artist Katlyn Breene of Zingaia (who also wrote some of the lyrics on Fairy NightSongs and Fairy HeartMagic) created the artwork for Stadler's remaining albums. Broad interests

In addition to his musical talents, Stadler's interests and skills are widely varied. He has spent the majority of his business life as an electronics design engineer with emphasis on laser system design.His love for automobile mechanics won him 1st place in the San Diego Plymouth Troubleshooting contest, continuing on to win 4th place in the national Plymouth Troubleshooting contest. His interests include technical and historical glassblowing — he currently specializes in the manufacture of distillation equipment for essential oils. He is known for his expertise in stage lighting and laser art (one of his first careers), producing "wet" light shows and laser light shows in the 1970s and 1980s, owning and


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 operating an electronic design/manufacturing company from the mid-1970s through the late 1990s, and winning a Technical Achievement Oscar for innovations in the film lighting industry in 1994. More recently, he has used these skills in the creation of innovative temporary art installations at the Burning Man festivals, events produced by the Vegas Vortex, and stage magic productions of Jeff McBride. Discography

Solo instrumental albums

 Fairy of the Woods  (1996, Sequoia Records)
 Reflections of Faerie (2003, Sequoia Records)
 Faerie Lullabies (2006, Sequoia Records)

Album collaborations with vocalists

 Fairy NightSongs  with Singh Kaur (1998, Sequoia Records)
 Fairy HeartMagic with Stephannie (2000, Sequoia Records)
 Deep within a Faerie Forest  with Wendy Rule (2005, Sequoia Records)

Album producer

 This Universe by  Singh Kaur (2005, Sequoia Records)

Compilations including recordings by <mask>ler

 Musical Healing (2001, Sequoia Records)
 Mystic Celtic (2002, BSC Music GmbH)
 Buddha-Lounge (2002, Sequoia Records)
 Qi Gong (2003, BSC Music GmbH)
 Celticum Mysticum (2004, Prudence Recordings)
 Perfect Balance, Musical Healing Vol 2 (2005, Sequoia Records)
 Celtic Lounge (2005, Sequoia Records)
 Celtic Lounge II (2007, Sequoia Records)

References

External links
[ Gary Stadler on Allmusic]
Gary Stadler artist website
Gary Stadler's HeartMagic Essential Oil Distillers
Alternate website for Gary Stadler's Essential Oil Distillation Equipment
Gary Stadler Discography on Sequoia Records

New-age musicians
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Academy Award for Technical


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<mask> (5 October 1491) was a French cardinal and minister of Louis XI. Born without resources, he managed to climb the political ladder by exploiting connections, to whom he often did not remain loyal, and by making himself an indispensable agent of the king's purposes in a time of political disorder in France. His services were as much military as ecclesiastical, bringing him the critical task of defending the city of Paris against the King's enemies. His work as a diplomat in dealing with Duke Francis of Brittany and with Charles de France brought him the office of first minister to the King. <mask> overreached himself in negotiating a treaty between the King and Charles the Bold, who had become Duke of Burgundy and was trying to recover all his family inheritance. Secret correspondence revealed that he might have been playing both sides in the negotiation, and he was arrested, and held on charges of treason from 1469 to 1481, while King and Pope argued over jurisdiction. After the death of King Louis and Pope Sixtus, the new French king, Charles VIII, appointed <mask> his ambassador in Rome.Biography
He was born of very humble parentage at Angles-sur-l'Anglin in Poitou. The date of his birth is conjectured to be around 1421, based on his epitaph in Santa Prassede in Rome, in which he is said to have died as Legate of the Marches while in his seventies, Legatum agens septuagenarius gloriose obiit. The word 'septuagenarian' is somewhat elastic. <mask> had a brother Antoine and a brother Nicolas. He was first patronized by the bishop of Poitiers, Jacques Juvénel des Ursins (1449–1457). By December 1457 <mask> had obtained a Licenciate in law, perhaps from the University of Angers. In 1461 <mask> is still referred to as 'clericus', but by 1465 he is called a priest.These are the parameters for his date of

masks:
Jean Balue
Balue
Balue
Jean Balue
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 ordination to the priesthood. Likewise in 1461 he was given the Deanship of Candé by his new patron, Bishop <mask> Beauvau of Angers. Canon <mask>

In 1461 he became vicar-general (Grand Vicar) of the bishop of Angers, <mask> Beauvau (1447–1467), and was named a Canon of the Cathedral of Saint-Mauritius. In 1462 he accompanied Bishop de Beauvau to Rome in the embassy which was sent to present the homage of the new King of France, Louis XI, to Pope Pius II, and to engage in negotiations concerning the revocation of the Pragmatic Sanction, as well as the French claims to the Kingdom of Naples. The leader of the embassy was Bishop <mask> of Arras, who had been named a cardinal on 18 December 1461. During this visit <mask> was named a Protonotary Apostolic by the Pope. On their return to Angers, Bishop de Beauvau wanted to reward <mask> with the grant of the prebend of S. Marguerite in the Cathedral Chapter, which had just fallen vacant on the death of the Dean of the Chapter.The prebend, however, was in the gift of the Chapter, not the bishop, and they protested successfully to the Pope, who granted the prebend to the Chapter's candidate on 21 January 1463. Not satisfied with the result, <mask> carried an appeal to the King. In Paris he got in touch with Thibault de Vitry, a Canon of Paris who held the office of Treasurer of the Cathedral Chapter of Angers as a benefice. He was introduced to the Lieutenant-General of Paris and the Île-de-France, Charles de Melun, whose father was Governor of Champagne and Brie and Governor of the Bastille. Melun in due course presented Balue to the King. Louis XI granted letters patent on 15 September 1463 ordering the Chapter to hand over the prebend to <mask>. On 10 February 1464, at the request of King Louis, the Pope granted Balue a new Canonry in the Cathedral Chapter

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Jean Jouffroy
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 of Angers which had fallen vacant.His activity, cunning, and mastery of manipulation gained him the appreciation of Louis XI, who made him his almoner in 1464 and one of his secretaries. <mask>'s ambitions then got him into trouble. He looked to succeed Vitry, who had just died, as Treasurer of Angers, and on 23 March 1464 made his claim. But Bishop de Beauvau held a bull of Pius II which granted him the gift of an abbey or any other benefice which happened to become vacant. Beauvau wanted the Treasurership for his own purposes. The Canons of the Cathedral opposed <mask> out of respect for the bishop, but, on 20 April a cleric of Paris, Jacques Chaumort appeared in Angers with a mandate from the King, ordering the Canons to allow <mask> to enjoy the fruits of the office of Treasurer. The Canons complied.This was the end of the friendship and patronage of Bishop de Beauvau. <mask> also acquired a number of other benefices during the year 1464. He was made Abbot Commendatory of Fécamp, Abbot Commendatory of Saint-Thierry de Reims, and (in 1465) Abbot Commendatory of Saint-Jean-d'Angély. He was also named Prior of Saint-Eloi-de-Paris, and (in 1465) Saint-Jean-des-Sables. On 26 December, King Louis named <mask> a Councilor clerk in Parliament, and on 28 December he granted <mask> the privilege of conferring a wide range of benefices which were in the gift of the King. These included bursaries at the Collège de Navarre, benefices at the Hôtels-Dieu, hospitals for the sick and almonries. Bishop Balue

Bishop Guillaume de Flocques of Évreux died on 27 November 1464, and on 18 December the King assigned the temporalities of the Diocese of Évreux to <mask>.Then, on 4 February 1465, King Louis XI nominated <mask> to the bishopric of Évreux; he was elected by the Cathedral Chapter on 5 February; and he was

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Balue
Balue
Balue
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Balue


texts: preconised (approved) by Pope Pius II on 20 May 1465. His consecration took place in Paris at Notre-Dame on 4 August, with Bishop Guillaume Chartier of Paris acting as principal consecrator. <mask> took possession of his diocese in person on 22 August 1465. On 27 August the King granted <mask> a subsidy from the gabelle to allow him to resume work on the restoration of the Cathedral, which had begun under the patronage of Charles VII but which had ceased from lack of funds. Bishop <mask> Beauvau of Angers was excommunicated by his Metropolitan, the Archbishop of Tours, on 13 November 1465, for various acts of insubordination. Beauvau refused to accept the sentence, and appealed to the Pope, claiming to be exempt from the jurisdiction of the Archbishop. But after some exchanges, Beauvau was summoned to appear before the courts in Rome.He refused to go, demonstrating yet again his commitment to Gallican liberties and the Pragmatic Sanction. Finally, under pressure from King Louis XI, Pope Paul II issued a decree of deposition on 5 June 1467, and on the same day he issued a bull transferring Bishop <mask> from the diocese of Évreux to the diocese of Angers. Bishop de Beauvau attempted to appeal to the Parliament of Paris against the Pope, but the King ordered the Parliament not to take cognizance of the case. <mask> had replaced his former patron. In the War of the Public Weal (Bien Publique), Bishop <mask> and Charles Melun were assigned to the task of defending the city of Paris for the King. Melun was named Lieutenant-General, and <mask> was ordered to see to the defenses. Neither was to leave Paris for the duration.On 13 July 1465, King Louis notified Marechal Rouault at Paris that it was his intention to fight on the next day, and he ordered Rouault's presence. Rouault asked <mask> and Melun what he

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 should do. <mask> advised him to go to the King with his entire army, Melun opposed him. The Battle of Montlhéry was not decisive, but Louis conceived the idea that Melun had been prepared to betray him if the battle had been lost. He stripped Melun of everything that he had. On 5 October 1465 Louis was constrained to sign the Treaty of Conflans with Charles, Count of Charolais. On 23 December 1465 King Louis signed the Treaty of Caen with Duke Francis II of Brittany, and <mask>, one of the cosigners, was ordered to keep watch on the Dukes of Burgundy and Brittany and provide the King with counsel as necessary

In February 1466, Bishop <mask> and Admiral de Montauban were sent to Nantes, where Duke Francis of Brittany had taken up residence.They were to continue discussions on Francis' proposals made at Caen, and also to take the measure of the envoys of Charles de France, Guillaume de Harancourt, the Bishop of Verdun, Charles' Chancellor; and Pierre Doriole, his Intendant of Finances. A most important goal was to get Charles himself away from Duke Francis and back to the company of the King. The rumor went round about that the Admiral explained privately to Charles what might happen to him if he returned to the King—as though Charles could not work that out himself. Whether true or not, Charles flatly refused the King's request and <mask> had to give a completely negative report of the mission. Things might have become worse if the Admiral had not died on 1 May. At the end of the year Bishop <mask> was sent back to Nantes, this time along with Guillaume de Paris, as Ambassadors of the King of France, to protest Louis' desire for good relations with Francis of Brittany, but to inquire about rumored dealings with the English. Francis disavowed any sinister implications, but it was discovered that the Duke

masks: Balue Balue Balue Balue Balue


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 and Duchess of Savoy were in Brittany, negotiating a league against King Louis.<mask> returned and joined the King at Blois in February 1467. Cardinal Balue

King Louis IX made Bishop <mask> le premier du grant conseil. Thomas Basin remarks that the King held <mask> to be velut fidissimum omnium mortalium hominum amicum ('practically the most trusted friend in the world'). In spite of his bad reputation for greed and disloyalty, the King requested and obtained for him a cardinalate. This was in gratitude for his finally negotiating the revocation of the Pragmatic Sanction, which was registered by the Parlement of Paris on 1 October 1467. <mask> was named a cardinal by Pope Paul II in his first Consistory for the creation of cardinals on 18 September 1467, and was assigned the titular church of Santa Susanna, but not until the Consistory of 13 May 1468. He received his red hat in a ceremony in Notre-Dame in Paris on 17 November 1468.In May 1467, <mask> and <mask>'Estouteville were sent to Paris to engage in a mass enrollment of men to defend the city of Paris against the King's enemies. On 15 June, Charles the Bold became Duke of Burgundy. He was determined to recover territories which his father had sold to Louis XI to raise money for a crusade. These included Picardy, and Amiens. The prince-bishopric of Liège tried three times to revolt against the Duke (1465, 1467, 1468), each time with support promised by Louis XI, which repeatedly failed to materialize. On 20 September 1468, a conference was begun at Ham, between the delegates of King Louis (the Constable de Saint-Pol, Pierre Doriole, and <mask>) and those of Charles the Bold, who was encamped at Peronne, to arrange a peace between the two contenders and detach Duke Charles from Duke Francis of Brittany. The Cardinal, it seems, was attempting to keep

masks:
Balue
Jean Balue
Balue
Balue
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Jean d
Cardinal Balue


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 the King from being seduced by the promises of the Duke.In April 1469 Cardinal <mask> accompanied the King and participated in the Estates General at Tours. On 14 October 1469 King Louis, advised by his friend <mask>, consented to the terms of the Peace which <mask> had negotiated with Charles the Bold. Imprisoned

But <mask> shortly became compromised in the king’s humiliation by Charles the Bold at Péronne, as more and more important persons expressed disapproval of the treaty. Even people in the streets began to mock the King and his treaty. Louis decided to place all of the blame on <mask>, who found himself excluded from the Council. He then intrigued with Charles against the King, revealing details of the King's secret plans. Their secret correspondence was intercepted by accident when, in April 1469, a suspicious priest was fortuitously arrested.On 23 April 1469 <mask> was arrested at Amboise, and then transferred to Montbazon. The King was intent on putting <mask> on trial for treason before royal judges, and Louis appointed a commission of eight men to find out the truth and mete out the punishment; but that raised the old issue of the exemption of clerics from civil jurisdiction; a cleric could only be tried in an ecclesiastical forum in accordance with Canon Law, and that was the position of Pope Sixtus IV. There was an impasse, which neither party wanted to take the responsibility for solving. King Louis sent an agent to Rome, Pierre Gruel, a President of the Parlement of Grenoble to explain the situation to the Pope. He was joined in November by Guillaume Cousinot, Sieur de Montreuil, and a lawyer Guillaume Lefranc. The ambassadors were received by the Pope on 1 December 1469, and a long series of discussions and debates ensued, which finally ended in an agreement to disagree as to who had

masks:
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Cardinal Balue
Balue
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texts: the right and obligation to proceed against <mask>. At the end of January 1470 Cardinal <mask> was removed to Onzain on orders of Louis XI, but by 2 July 1472 he was being kept at Chinon.In May 1472 Cardinal Bessarion was sent as Legate to France, and he held discussions with Louis XI about the release of <mask>, but without success. He remained a prisoner for eleven years, but not, as has been alleged, in an iron cage. His accomplice, the Bishop of Verdun, Guillaume d'Harancourt, was kept in the Bastile. The charge was lèse-majesté. In Angers the Vicars of Cardinal <mask> remained loyal and resisted the pressures from the Cathedral Chapter and the King until 1472, when they renounced the exercise of their functions under threat of royal fines. In March 1476 Pope Sixtus IV took the extraordinary step of relieving Bishop <mask> Beauvau of the various ecclesiastical censures which he had incurred, and returning his former benefices; his various acts were ratified. He was then named Apostolic Administrator of the diocese of Angers, superseding the Cardinal and his officers.Beauvau exercised this office until his death on 23 April 1479. The Chapter immediately elected as his successor a royal favorite, Auger de Brie (1479–1480). With Auger's appointment, a schism developed in the Chapter of the Cathedral of Angers, some Canons supporting the King's man, others supporting Cardinal <mask>. The King wrote to the Pope about the situation, but the most that the Pope was prepared to do was to appoint a Coadjutor for Cardinal <mask>. In June 1480, Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere was sent to France as Legate to make peace between Louis XI and Maximilian of Austria, as well as to negotiate the release of <mask> and Harancourt. He reached Paris in September, and finally, on 20 December 1480, King Louis gave orders that

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 <mask> be handed over to the Archpriest of Loudun, who had been commissioned by the Legate to receive him in the name of the Pope. Released
In February 1481 his departure from France was delayed by illness, for which he had already been under medical treatment at Chinon, but he arrived in Lucca at the beginning of Spring.There he waited for a commission of Cardinals to decide his fate; the commission, headed by Cardinal Olivier Carafa, did not begin its meetings until 30 January 1482. On 26 February 1482, Pope Sixtus reestablished <mask> in all his rights and all his dignities. Notwithstanding the work of the commission, Cardinal <mask> received permission to enter Rome along with Cardinal della Rovere, who was returning from his mission as Legate to France. On 31 January 1483, Pope Sixtus named Cardinal <mask> suburbicarian Bishop of Albano, making clear to all where his sympathies lay. On the same day Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere was named suburbicarian Bishop of Ostia. Della Rovere and <mask> were met at the gate of Rome by nearly all the Cardinals on 3 February 1483, and shortly thereafter were received in public Consistory. Rome
From that time Cardinal <mask> lived in high favour at the court of Rome.King Louis XI died on 30 August 1483, thereby closing a chapter of struggle over <mask>'s status. In 1484 <mask> was sent to France as Legate a latere, by Pope Sixtus IV, but he was not received there as such. He did visit his diocese of Angers, and was solemnly received on 24 July 1484. He made a solemn entry into Paris on 20 August 1484. He returned to Rome on 8 February 1485. Pope Sixtus IV had died on 12 August 1484, while <mask> was in Angers. He did not participate in the Conclave that elected Pope Innocent VIII on 29 August.In February 1485 Cardinal <mask> was named French ambassador to the

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 Court of Rome and Protector of France by King Charles VIII. He and Cardinal della Rovere were to work to bring Innocent VIII over to the French side, and to favor the French claim, in the person of René of Anjou, to the Kingdom of Naples. On 5 March 1486, arguments in Consistory between Cardinal <mask> and Cardinal Ascanio Sforza, a relative and supporter of Ferdinand of Naples, grew so heated that Pope Innocent had to silence them both. Envoys of Charles VIII and René reached Rome in May 1486, prepared to conclude negotiations, but the diplomacy of Ferdinand of Aragon, the operations of the condottiere Broccolino Guzzoli, and the appearance of Turkish ships in the Adriatic, put a stop to the French adventure. In 1485, following the wishes of Pope Innocent VIII, Cardinal <mask> instituted the Feast of the Visitation in the diocese of Angers, to which, however, he never returned. On 14 March 1491, Cardinal <mask> was promoted Bishop of Palestrina. He died at Ripatransone, a village fifty-six miles south of Ancona, where he was serving as Rector of the Marches of Ancona, on 5 October 1491.His funeral took place in Rome on 18 October, and he was buried in the chapel he had built in Santa Prassede. The Pope was his heir since the Cardinal had left no Last Will and Testament, and the rumor reported by Joannes Burchard, the Master of Ceremonies, was that he was worth some 100,000 ducats. References and notes

Bibliography
  Breguet, Emmanuel (1986), "La carrière angevine du cardinal Balue (1457-1491)," in: Annales de Bretagne et des Pays de l'Ouest, XCIII (1986), pp. 155–169. Déprez, M. E. (1899) "La trahison du Cardinal Balue (1469) (Chanson et ballades inédites)," in:

Acknowledgment

External links

1420s births
1491 deaths
15th-century French cardinals
Cardinal-bishops of Albano
Cardinal-bishops of

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<mask> (born February 16, 1976) is an American bobsledder who has competed since 2001. Career biography
A graduate from the University of Toledo and a native of Akron, Ohio, Kreitzburg has been in the US Bobsled program since 2001. In 2003, Kreitzburg graduated from Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary. He became a Christian after his father had died from cancer 20 years earlier which caused "an emptiness" that he tried to fill "with so many different things in high school and even the beginning of college." It left Kreitzburg a void he "...was trying to fill...". Perseverance and dedication to the sport is something that Kreitzburg has had to prove constantly and with his selection to the 2006 US Olympic Team he was able to dispel the disappointment of being dropped from his ride at the 2005 World Championship by his then partner Steve Holcomb of the USA 2 bobsled. While the USA 2 bobsled.While the USA 2 bobsled did not fare well without Kreitzburg, this moment in his life led him to vow for Torino that “I will not be left at home” and his rededicated the World Cup 2005-06 season to be one of the world’s best. The 05-06 season saw <mask> become one of the most constituent pushers on the World Cup scene. With success at hand, USA 1 bobsled driver Todd Hays came knocking on Kreitzburg's door and invited him to join his team and he then graduated from the #2 team to the #1 team for the lead up to and during the Torino Games. At the 2006 Games, he appeared in the Cleveland Plain Dealer & Cleveland.com as an athlete correspondent and was a frequent on-air personality on NBC with multiple appearances on the Today Show and appeared on The Tonight Show in a bit with 3 teammates and Tom Green. As a member of the Home Depot program, Kreitzburg took part in a satellite media tour Torino back to the US. Kreitzburg was a

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Brock Kreitzburg
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 member of the Home Depot Olympic Job Opportunity Program and worked with Home Depot since 2002 until they ended the program & their sponsorship of the US Olympic Team in March 2009. Following the Games, Kreitzburg was an occasional host of local programming for the NBC affiliate in Cleveland.The 2006-07 season, saw a changing of the guard with USA 1 and the sled was now driven by former USA 2 teammate Steve Holcomb. The season gave Kreitzburg as Holcomb’s pushman the greatest success collectively they had ever seen and the 2 of them won the World Cup 2-man championship. Additionally, the 4-man team that <mask> was a member of finished 2nd overall. The 2 & 4 man teams collected eight medals during the season. The 2007-08 campaign was not as smooth as the previous season and Kreitzburg focused much of his time towards being a member of the 4-man team and he was able to pick up another 2 Gold and 2 Silvers during the season. During the 2007-08 off season, Kreitzburg participated in the NASCAR Nationwide Series as a member of Stanton Barrett’s pit crew. Kreitzburg took the 2008-09 season off to have surgery.”<mask>  was able to resume his career after these surgeries and was named a member of the 2009-10 US National Bobsled Team. <mask> did not qualify for the US team for the 2010 Winter Olympics in wake of his two hip surgeries in the 17 months leading up to the 2010 Games. World championship biography

Competed for the United States in Six World Championships

USA 1: 2005-06, 2006–07, 2007–08

USA 2: 2003-04, 2004–05

USA 3: 2002-03

Collegiate biography

<mask> graduated from the University of Toledo. He competed in track and field in the decathlon and football as a wide receiver. <mask> earned a Master of Divinity degree from the Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary in 2003. 1998 University of Toledo, B.A.

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 Elementary Education

Home Depot biography

As a member of the US Olympic Team's Olympic Job Opportunity Program, Kreitzburg amongst hundreds of other OJOP athletes was able to work at a variety of Home Depot locations throughout the United States and then be able to earn an honest wage while being able to still do all of what was needed to train for the World Cups, World Championships and ultimately the Winter Olympics.Through this program that Home Depot had been committed to from 1992, the program netted over 100 Olympic Medals to the United States and hundreds more in World Cup and World Championships for both Summer and Winter sports. <mask> worked in the Paint Department. Additionally, Kreitzburg took part in events where the Home Depot would ask OJOP participants to represent themselves and the company. This included the 2006 Tournament of Roses Parade on the Home Depot float. This is an incomplete list, but these are some of the stores that Kreitzburg was able to work at while a member of the Home Depot program:

The Home Depot in Wadsworth, Ohio
The Home Depot in Colorado Springs, Colorado

References
FIBT profile
FIBT World Championships 2007 two-man results
FIBT World Championships 2007 four-man results
McGlinchey, Thomas D. "Olympic journeys". WORLD magazine. 13 February 2010. p. 57.US Olympic Committee profile
List of combined men's bobsleigh World Cup champions: 1985-2007
List of four-man bobsleigh World Cup champions since 1985
List of two-man bobsleigh World Cup champions since 1985

1976 births
Living people
American male bobsledders
American male decathletes
American football wide receivers
Bobsledders at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Gordon–Conwell Theological Seminary alumni
Olympic bobsledders of the United States
Sportspeople from Akron, Ohio
Toledo Rockets football players
University of Toledo


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<mask> (born April 4, 1956) is an American television writer, producer, and former attorney, known as the creator of Doogie Howser, M.D., Picket Fences, Chicago Hope, The Practice, Ally McBeal, Boston Public, Boston Legal, Harry's Law, Goliath, Big Little Lies, Mr. Mercedes, Big Sky, and Nine Perfect Strangers as well as several films. <mask> is one of very few screenwriters to have created shows that have aired on all four top commercial U.S. television networks (ABC, CBS, Fox, and NBC). Early life
<mask> was born in Waterville, Maine, raised in Belmont, Massachusetts, and attended the Belmont Hill School. His father is <mask>, a member of the United States Ice Hockey Hall of Fame. <mask> was a stick boy for the New England Whalers of the World Hockey Association in their inaugural season of 1972-1973 when his father coached the team. <mask> was captain of the Princeton Tigers men's ice hockey team at Princeton University, where he graduated in 1979 with a bachelor's degree in political science. Demonstrating early on a creative and quirky bent, in his junior year at Princeton, <mask> submitted a paper for a political science class about John F. Kennedy's plot to kill Fidel Castro, written as a poem.For his senior thesis, he turned the Bill of Rights into a play. "I made each amendment into a character", he said. "The First Amendment is a loudmouth guy who won't shut up. The Second Amendment guy, all he wanted to talk about was his gun collection. Then the 10th Amendment, the one where they say leave the rest for the states to decide, he was a guy with no self-esteem." Also while at Princeton, he was a member of the Princeton Triangle Club. He received his Juris Doctor (J.D.)from Boston University School of Law, where he wrote for the Legal Follies, a sketch comedy group composed of Boston University law students which still holds annual performances. He began working for a Boston law firm, mostly dealing with real estate and minor criminal cases. In 1983, while considering it only a hobby, <mask> began writing a

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 screenplay, a legal thriller, which was optioned in 1986 and later became the Judd Nelson feature film From the Hip in 1987. Television work

L.A. Law (1986–1994)

In 1986, Steven Bochco was searching for writers with a law background for his new NBC legal series, L.A. Law. His agent sent him <mask>'s movie script for From the Hip. Enthusiastic, Bochco made him a writer and story editor for the show. During this first year, <mask> kept his law office in Boston as a hedge.However, his involvement in the show only expanded. In the second year, he became executive story editor and co-producer. Finally, in 1989, Bochco stepped away from the series making <mask> the executive producer. While executive producer, <mask> received two Emmys for Outstanding Writing in a Dramatic Series and the show received the award for Outstanding Drama Series for both years. For the first five seasons that he was involved with the show, he wrote or co-wrote two out of three episodes. <mask> left after the fifth season in 1991 and ratings began to fall. As Newsday's TV critic wrote, "The difference between good and bad L.A. Law ... was <mask>."Midway through the sixth season, both Bochco and <mask> were brought in as creative consultants after the show received bad press about its decline in quality. Picket Fences (1992–1996)

In 1992, after co-creating Doogie Howser, M.D. with his mentor Steven Bochco, <mask> formed his own production company, David E Kelley Productions, making a three-series deal with CBS. Its first creation, Picket Fences, airing in 1992 and influenced by Twin Peaks and Northern Exposure, focused on the police department in the fictional quirky town of Rome, Wisconsin. <mask> wrote most of the episodes for the first three years. The show was critically acclaimed but never found a sizable audience. Picket Fences went on for four years, receiving a total of 14 Emmy awards including consecutive Emmys for Outstanding Drama Series for its first and second seasons.In 1995, the fourth and final season, <mask> wrote only two

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 episodes. "We had almost 10 writers try to come in and take over for this one man", said Picket Fences actress Holly Marie Combs. "The quality was not nearly what it was." Chicago Hope (1994–2000)

Under pressure from CBS to develop a second series even though he didn't feel ready to produce two shows simultaneously, <mask> launched the medical drama Chicago Hope, starring Mandy Patinkin and Adam Arkin, which premiered in 1994. Airing at the same time as the season's other new medical drama, NBC's ER, the ultimate ratings leader, Chicago Hope plotted "upscale medicine in a high-tech world run by high-priced doctors". During its six-year run, it won seven Emmys and generally high critical praise, but only middling ratings. Originally intending to write only the first several episodes in order to return full-time to Picket Fences, <mask> eventually wrote most of the material for both shows, a total of roughly 40 scripts.Expressing a desire to focus more on his production company and upcoming projects, <mask> ceased day-to-day involvement with both series in 1995, allowing others to write and produce. Towards the end of the fifth season in 1999, facing cancellation, <mask> fired most of the cast members added since he had left the show, brought back Mandy Patinkin and began writing episodes again. The Practice (1997–2004)

In 1995, <mask> entered into a five-year deal with 20th Century Fox Television to produce shows for both the ABC and FOX television networks, each agreeing to take two series. If one network passed on a project, the other got first refusal. <mask> retained full creative control. Ally McBeal on FOX and The Practice on ABC were the first two projects to come from this deal. Premiering as a midseason replacement for the 1996-1997 season, The Practice was <mask>'s chance to write another courtroom drama but one focusing on the less-glamorous realities of a small law firm.The Practice would be the first of four successful series by <mask> that were set in Boston, proximal to his hometown of Belmont,

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 Massachusetts. Receiving critical applause (along with two Emmys for Outstanding Drama Series) but low ratings in its starting seasons, it eventually became a popular top 10 program. The New York Times described the show as "the profoundly realistic, unending battle between soul-searching and ambition". Full-time writers on the first season of The Practice included <mask>, later the creator of House, Stephen Gaghan, a future Oscar winner for Traffic, Michael R. Perry, the creator of the 2011-12 series The River, and <mask>, co-creator of the 2011-12 series Unforgettable. Later the writing staff would grow to 10, most with law degrees. By the fifth season, he would usually only edit the final script and was generally not on the set during filming. In 2003, due to sagging ratings, ABC cut <mask>'s budget in half for the eighth and final season.He responded by firing most of the cast and hiring James Spader for the role of Alan Shore, whom The New York Times described as "a lecherous, twisted antitrust lawyer with a breezy disregard for ethics." The final episodes of The Practice were focused on introducing the new characters from his next show, Boston Legal. Ally McBeal (1997–2002)

When Ally McBeal premiered in 1997 on FOX, <mask> was also shepherding his other two shows, Chicago Hope and The Practice, although he was not actively participating in Chicago Hope at the time. The title character Ally is a young, attractive, impulsive, Harvard-educated lawyer described by a New York Times journalist as "stylish, sexy, smart, opinionated, and an emotional wreck." In contrast to The Practice and its idealistic lawyers, the law firm in Ally McBeal was founded only to make money. The New York Times felt that the show uniquely emphasised "character and caricature". The show lasted five seasons, seven Emmys (one for Outstanding Comedy Series for its second season), mostly positive reviews and a barrage of criticism for its portrayal of women, with many journalists saying that the character Ally was a giant step

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 backwards.Parallel to The Practice, <mask> penned all the scripts for the first season, then brought in other writers in subsequent years although he continued to write many episodes himself. Portrayal of the Ally McBeal character
When the program Ally McBeal first ran, many women lauded its portrayal of the lead character. Sharon Waxman, writing for The Washington Post, commented that <mask> had a keen insight into the human nature of both men and women. She quoted Dyan Cannon: "This man understands the way a woman thinks, ... the complex ways we've found to hide our fears." A New York Times writer used the character as an example of a strong television woman's role, another saw herself, at times, in the character's portrayal of self-absorption and reflection, her crafted neuroses, her vulnerabilities. Later, however, much press coverage was spent on the controversial nature of women in Ally McBeal. Time featured a cover story about the decline of feminism with a picture of Ally (among a pantheon of feminist heroines) on the cover.In the article, Ginia Bellafante used the McBeal character as a modern exemplar proving that "[M]uch of feminism has devolved into the silly." In response, author <mask> felt that the Time journalist diminished her argument by using only pop-cultural references and ignoring the majority of real-world women who have made significant progress. Writing in Salon.com, Joyce Millman disputed that Ally McBeal should even be described as a "women's show"—that its representations of women were, in fact, a male fantasy. She felt that <mask> treated his female characters "sadistically" in general, beginning all the way back to L.A. Law, saving only The Practice for positive remarks. <mask>'s Ally McBeal was hugely successful in attracting the 18-to-34-year-old women audience demographic. The New York Times columnist, Maureen Dowd, quoted two young, professional women saying they liked shows with female characters like themselves, single, even obsessed. Dowd quoted the executive producer of Law &

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 Order, Dick Wolf, "I think there is a wish-fulfillment factor when you put an attractive woman in a situation where she is doing real, adult stuff."Boston Public (2000–2004)
In 2000, 20th Century Fox Television extended its arrangement with <mask>. The deal, which ran for six years, reportedly made <mask> the highest-paid producer in TV history—up to $40 million a year—in return for a first-look at his projects. Premiering on FOX in 2000, Boston Public, which follows the lives of teachers and administrators at a Boston inner-city high school, joined The Practice and Ally McBeal for the season, meaning <mask> was responsible for writing or overseeing 67 episodes. The program was initially considered a modest hit but received less than glowing reviews. The previous season, <mask> stumbled with both the short-lived Snoops, his first attempt at delegating most of the responsibilities to others, and with Ally, the experiment with 30-minute shortened episodes of Ally McBeal. The TV critic from the Fort Worth Star-Telegram opined that these failures and the weaknesses he saw in Boston Public were a sign that <mask> had lost the Midas touch. The show lasted four seasons, garnering one minor Emmy.Boston Legal (2004–2008)
In addition to Snoops, <mask> continued to have a string of unsuccessful series: girls club in 2002, The Brotherhood of Poland, New Hampshire in 2003 and the reality show The Law Firm in 2005. All the while, he continued overseeing Boston Public and The Practice. Boston Legal on ABC, premiering in 2004, gave continuity and success to the <mask> franchise. It was a spin-off of his long-running legal drama The Practice, and followed attorney Alan Shore (a character who became the star of The Practice in its final season, played by James Spader) to his new law firm, Crane, Poole & Schmidt. It also starred veteran television actors Candice Bergen and William Shatner. Critically popular with less than spectacular ratings (ranked 27th for the first season, 46th for the second), the show was an "Emmy darling" during

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 its run, winning seven times and being nominated over 25 times. The show won the Peabody Award in 2005 for its signature political commentaries.In 2007, Boston Legal began to see a rise of viewership as a result of its following ABC's popular Dancing with the Stars series, mostly ranking either first or second most-watched program of the evening in its ten o'clock time period, beating out CBS and NBC's shows. The fifth and final season began in 2008 with <mask> writing most of the episodes. The season only aired thirteen episodes, making a series run of 101 episodes. The 2-hour series finale drew 11 million viewers. Still, the show drew over 15 million viewers much of its first season—and <mask> felt ABC's treatment of the show over the years ultimately killed it, saying to TV Guide that ABC always treated the show like its "bastard child". Boston Legal aired on four different nights (Sunday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Monday) in its five-season run, with the ratings slipping after each move. In the second-to-last episode of the series, <mask> blatantly wrote a show questioning the legitimacy of the Nielsen ratings and the network's treatment of the show by including a plot about a lawsuit against an unnamed television network.In 2007, <mask> received the Justice in the Arts Award from Death Penalty Focus, an organization dedicated to the abolition of the death penalty. He previously received an award from this organization in 2000 for his work on the show The Practice. The Wedding Bells (2007)
The Wedding Bells premiered in fall 2007 and was canceled after seven episodes. Additionally, <mask> worked on an Americanized version of the BBC show Life on Mars for the 2007–2008 season on ABC and also worked on an adaptation of Joseph Wambaugh's Hollywood Station. He later handed production to another creative crew. 2008–present

In May 2008, <mask> signed a deal with Warner Bros. Television and later penned a spec script for another legal drama entitled Legally Mad in a comic vein. NBC ultimately rejected the series.NBC would

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texts: pay a two million dollar penalty to Warner Bros. for <mask>'s scripts. <mask> was the creator and executive producer of Harry's Law, which premiered on NBC on January 17, 2011. The series starred Kathy Bates in the titular role. The show was cancelled in 2012 even though it was the network's second most-watched drama, because its audience skewed too old as the more desirable 18–49 demographic viewership was very low. In 2011, <mask> wrote a script for the pilot episode of a new Wonder Woman TV series for Warner Bros. Television, but the pilot was rejected by NBC for its fall 2011 lineup. A new medical series, Monday Mornings, co-created with Sanjay Gupta, premiered February 2013 on TNT, the cable television channel owned by Time Warner. Set in Portland, Oregon, the show stars Ving Rhames, Alfred Molina and Jamie Bamber.In May 2013, the show was canceled by TNT. A new comedy series created by <mask>, The Crazy Ones, starring Robin Williams and Sarah Michelle Gellar, premiered on CBS on September 26, 2013. The show was cancelled after a season due to lukewarm reception. In 2015, <mask> created the Amazon Studios series Goliath. In 2017, <mask> spearheaded a new HBO series, Big Little Lies, which won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Limited Series. He is also a showrunner on the TV adaptation of the Stephen King novel Mr. Mercedes. In March 2018, it was announced that HBO had given a series order for The Undoing, a miniseries based on the 2014 novel You Should Have Known by Jean Hanff Korelitz.The series was written by <mask>, who also served as executive producer with Nicole Kidman (who starred alongside Hugh Grant and Donald Sutherland), Per Saari, and Bruna Papandrea. Susanne Bier directed. It premiered in October 2020, and was the most-watched show on HBO that year. In June 2019, <mask> wrote a script for a CBS crime drama series, The Lincoln Lawyer, based from the 2005 novel of the same name by Michael Connelly. However, on May 2, 2020, CBS announced that the pilot would not be moving forward. However, on


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 January 11, 2021, the series was picked up by Netflix. <mask> was announced as the writer and showrunner on the ABC crime drama series Big Sky, based on the book The Highway by C. J.Box. <mask> would serve as writer, executive producer and showrunner on The Missing, an American adaptation of Israeli television series Missing File on Peacock. Methods

Writing
<mask> writes his first drafts longhand using a Bic ballpoint and yellow legal pad. He typically writes scripts in two to four days, initially working without collaboration, finding it faster and easier than trying to explain what he wants to others. <mask> has been criticised for not delegating. A Picket Fences writer described his time on the show as "the most boring period of my life—you'd write a scene... [and <mask> would] rewrite it completely. Or he just cut you out completely—you learned nothing.Having a writing staff was a needless expense for the network." <mask> gradually became more comfortable bringing in writers for ideas and taking over writing responsibilities. <mask> described this as a natural evolution:

Story elements
<mask> structures his episodes with multiple storylines. An episode may include a self-contained subplot plus other story arcs that either began in a previous episode or will continue subsequently—some will continue the entire season. The viewer is thereby rarely sure whether what appears as a simple incident will blossom into a major plot point. <mask> seeds his plots with political and social "hot-button" issues. One method is by introducing provocative legal cases.Episodes have covered the gamut of contemporary issues from the culpability of tobacco companies and gun makers to assisted-suicide crusaders. Another way is by undergirding the character's social interrelationships with serious explorations such as feminism, sexuality and divorce. Instead of lessons, <mask> strives to "raise moral and ethical questions without easy answers." He avoids a didactic narrative by not losing sight of the audience's desire to be

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 entertained. He states:

Instead of taking clear stands on issues, <mask> creates scenarios meant to challenge audience preconceptions. For example, an episode of Ally McBeal dealt with a female employee who sued for sexual harassment because she noticed that other prettier women were being promoted. There was deliberately no clear point of view.<mask> uses humor and the surreal and mixes tragedy with farce. He describes his strategy as follows:

In Ally McBeal, <mask> utilized two techniques: a voiceover providing an interior monologue for the title character, and Walter Mitty fantasy sequences (ala Dream On as critics have noted) giving a humorous and often deeply honest (but sometimes ironic) explanation of the character's inner thoughts. Crossover episodes
<mask> frequently crossed the cast of different shows. One crossover program event (which crossed networks also) involved characters from <mask>'s Ally McBeal on the Fox network appearing on his ABC show, The Practice, and, in turn, The Practice characters appeared on Ally McBeal. This was done in spite of the two shows' different tones (one a comedy, the other a drama). This crossover was partially credited for raising ratings for The Practice, which it sustained after those episodes. <mask> repeated this maneuver with his Boston Public, Ally McBeal, and Boston Legal shows.Thereafter, many other crossovers occurred including shows not created by <mask>. <mask>'s most elaborate crossover was only partially successful. He sought to crossover an episode of his Picket Fences with Chris Carter's The X-Files. Both shows aired Friday nights, but on different networks. The intent was to begin the story on one show, then hope viewers would switch channels to watch the conclusion on another network. CBS balked, and both scripts were rewritten, with The X-Files Fox Mulder no longer set to appear on Picket Fences. Yet, both episodes deal with Wisconsin and cows, with Fences referencing an FBI investigation in a neighboring town.CBS blurred the connection further by


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 postponing the Fences episode by one week. Casting
<mask> often uses regular actors from older shows in newer shows. For example, Anthony Heald and René Auberjonois both played judges on The Practice, and both went on to be regular cast members in later shows (Heald on Boston Public as a vice-principal and Auberjonois on Boston Legal as a partner at a law firm). Both Kathy Baker and Justin Shenkarow (Picket Fences) have been used in Boston Public. Kathy Baker as Meredith "The Hook Lady" Peters and Justin Shenkarow as the student Warren Dickson. In addition many actors who either had the main roles or major roles in <mask>'s previous shows would make at least one guest appearance in Boston Legal. After the HBO series Big Little Lies, <mask> started a working relationship with Academy Award-winning actress Nicole Kidman.The pair have collaborated on several shows together, including Big Little Lies, The Undoing and Nine Perfect Strangers. Portrayal of real life
Legal profession
The Practice was considered more accurate in its portrayal of the law than L.A. Law or Ally McBeal . The importance of legal strategy, sometimes at the expense of the truth, rang true. One attorney said, "[I]t's really about the tactics and the mistakes that opposing counsel makes." Judges were represented as complex, less-than-perfect human beings, sometimes with emotional problems. Plots demonstrated how a defendant's personality would impact the adjudication of a case. Stuart Levine of Variety magazine said, "[The Practice] isn't afraid to paint the firm's clients as the dregs of society."<mask> said,

Other aspects of the legal profession in <mask>'s shows have been criticized as unrealistic. Attorneys have complained that:
 Ex parte meetings (where lawyers meet in a judge's chambers without opposing counsel present) do not happen. Judges would not allow attorneys to badger or attack witnesses. Shows overplayed prosecutorial and law enforcement misconduct. Time required to select and empanel a jury is not shown or in the story's timeline.

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 Many of the cases would never have made it to trial. Public education
Samuel G. Freedman, a professor of journalism at Columbia University, writing in The New York Times, praises <mask>'s series Boston Public as an attempt to both reflect and change public opinion about public education, particularly the urban, overcrowded, underfinanced variety.He liked the realism of the setting, the mixed ethnicity of the faculty and (oftentimes antipathetic) student body and the bureaucratic struggles. He criticized <mask>, though, for pandering to stereotypes of teachers and students and for failing to show successful teaching strategies. Medicine
In The New York Times, Arthur Caplan, professor of bioethics at the University of Pennsylvania, felt that medical dramas such as <mask>'s Chicago Hope do a good job of addressing bioethical issues such as who should receive a liver transplant or when should a patient be allowed to die. However, there is a lack of discussion concerning the primary money issue: "How do people pay for this?" The show has been criticized for presenting a one-sided view of managed care, portraying HMOs as dramatically evil while glossing over the complexities. Doctors are too often shown as selfless patient advocates ready to battle whatever the financial cost. Catholicism
<mask> has incorporated religious subject matter from the beginning, including issues involving Protestantism, Judaism, Scientology and Catholicism among others.With the widespread media coverage of child sexual abuse cases in the Roman Catholic Church during the mid-to-late 1990s, <mask> began to introduce this controversy into his scripts. For instance, the character Bobby Donnell on The Practice, a Catholic, became personally estranged from the Church over the issue of sexually abusive priests. While the conservative Catholic League did not object to this episode, they frequently complained of anti-Catholic bias in <mask>'s shows because of his references to this subject. Feature films
Besides his first film, From the Hip, which


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 received poor reviews, <mask> wrote and produced three other films. 1996's To Gillian on Her 37th Birthday, a romance, co-starring his wife, Michelle Pfeiffer, received tepid critical and box office reception. In 1999, came two films: Lake Placid, a combination of suspense, horror and comedy, and Mystery, Alaska, about a fictional small-town ice hockey team that plays a game against the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League. Neither movie did well with either the critics or the audience.Personal life
Although he is sometimes assumed to be a Catholic because his programs address Catholic issues, <mask> was raised a Protestant. In January 1993, actress Michelle Pfeiffer was set up on a blind date with <mask>. He took her to the movies to see Bram Stoker's Dracula the following week, and they began dating seriously. Pfeiffer had entered into private adoption proceedings before she met <mask>. In March 1993, she adopted a newborn daughter Claudia Rose. They married on November 13, 1993, and christened Claudia the same day. In August 1994, Pfeiffer gave birth to a son, John Henry.Levine, <mask><mask>: The Man Behind Ally McBeal.p. 34

<mask>'s brother, <mask>, is the Director of Amateur Scouting for the Chicago Blackhawks. Filmography

Films

Television

TimelineNote:''' The above timeline does not include the three additional episodes of Snoops broadcast in non-U.S. markets nor the short-lived Ally. Awards

Emmy awards and nominations

Notes
 Information from the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences online database
 Several shared writing nominations not included. In 1999, he was the first producer ever to take home Emmys for both Best Comedy Series (Ally McBeal) and Best Drama (The Practice). Emmy winning actors and actresses in <mask>'s series
Among the actors and actresses who have won Emmys for playing roles in <mask>'s series are Peter MacNicol, Tracey Ullman, Sharon Stone, William Shatner, James Spader, Alfre Woodard, Charles S. Dutton, <mask>, James Whitmore, Beah Richards, <mask>, Michael Badalucco,

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 Holland Taylor, John Larroquette, Camryn Manheim, Christine Lahti, Héctor <mask>, Mandy Patinkin, Kathy Baker, Ray Walston, Paul Winfield, Richard Kiley, Fyvush Finkel, Leigh Taylor-Young, Tom Skerritt, Richard Dysart, Paul McCrane, Christian Clemenson, Jimmy Smits, Larry Drake, Nicole Kidman, Alexander Skarsgård, and Laura Dern. Peabody awards

The following information is from the Peabody Awards database. Television Hall of Fame
In 2014, <mask><mask> was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame.References

Bibliography
 Caldwell, John: "Convergence Television: Aggregating Form and Repurposing Content in the Culture of Conglomeration". Television after TV: Essays on a Medium in Transition. Ed. Lynn Spigel and Jan Olsson. Duke University Press, 2004
 Caves, Richard E.: Switching Channels: Organization and Change in TV Broadcasting. Harvard University Press, 2005. <mask>, John: Seeing Things: Television in the Age of Uncertainty.I. B. Tauris, 2000
 Levine, Josh: <mask><mask>: The Man Behind Ally McBeal. ECW Press, 1999
 Orlik, Peter B.: Electronic Media Criticism: : Applied Perspectives. LEA, Inc., 2000
 Tucker, Ken: Kissing Bill O'Reilly, Roasting Miss Piggy: 100 Things to Love And Hate About TV''. St. Martin's Press, 2005

External links

1956 births
Living people
Film producers from Massachusetts
American Protestants
American male screenwriters
Television producers from Massachusetts
American television writers
Boston University School of Law alumni
Edgar Award winners
Primetime Emmy Award winners
Massachusetts lawyers
People from Belmont, Massachusetts
People from Waterville, Maine
Princeton University alumni
Showrunners
Articles which contain graphical timelines
American male television writers
Screenwriters from Maine
20th-century American screenwriters
Screenwriters from Massachusetts
21st-century American screenwriters
20th-century American male writers
Belmont Hill School alumni
American men's ice hockey defensemen
Cincinnati Stingers draft picks
EHC Arosa players
Princeton Tigers men's ice hockey

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<mask> is a distinguished professor of psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York City. and Massachusetts Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts. Biography and education

<mask> is an American social psychologist. Born in 1953, he was raised in Brooklyn, and then in Belle Harbor, New York. He attended Brooklyn College from 1971 to 1974 and graduated Phi Beta Kappa with a Bachelor of Science degree. While there, he  helped run experiments on implicit learning for cognitive psychologist and mentor Arthur S. Reber. From 1974 to 1978, he attended the University of Connecticut in Storrs, Connecticut, where he received his Ph.D. in personality and social psychology.While there, he studied attribution theory with his advisor Charles A. "Skip" Lowe. His dissertation was titled "Causal Attribution: A Perceptual Approach." With his doctoral degree he went on to begin his psychology and law career by studying jury decision making with Lawrence S. Wrightsman at the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas. He then taught for two years taught at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, before starting at Williams College in 1981, where he spent most of his career. In 1984-85, while on sabbatical from Williams, <mask> was awarded a U.S. Supreme Court Judicial Fellowship and worked at the Federal Judicial Center in Washington, DC. In 1985-86, worked as a postdoctoral fellow in the Psychology and Law Program at Stanford University.Career books, awards, research, and advocacy

Over the years, <mask> has authored and edited several books, including: Psychology, Essentials of Psychology, Developmental Social Psychology (with Sharon S. Brehm and Frederick X. Gibbons), The Psychology of Evidence

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texts: and Trial Procedure (with Lawrence S. Wrightsman), The American jury on trial: psychological perspectives (with Lawrence S. Wrightsman), and Confessions in the Courtroom (with Lawrence S. Wrightsman). He is also co-author of the textbook Social Psychology with Steven Fein and Hazel Rose Markus, now in its eleventh edition. <mask> is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association (APA), the Association for Psychological Science (APS), and the American Psychology-Law Society (AP-LS). Although he has published research in the social psychology of attribution theory, jury decision-making, and eyewitness testimony, <mask> is best known for his groundbreaking work on false confessions. In 2007, he received a Presidential Award from the APA for this research. In 2011, he received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Investigative Interviewing Research Group (iiiRG). In 2014, he received an Award for Distinguished Contribution from AP-LS.In 2017, he received an Award for Lifetime Contribution from the European Association of Psychology and the Law (EAPL). In 2017, he also received the Award for Distinguished Contribution for Research on Public Policy from the American Psychological Association (APA). In 2021, he received the James McKeen Cattell Lifetime Achievement Award for Applied Research from APS. <mask> was the president of Division 41 of APA, a.k.a. AP-LS. He continues to teach, research, write, and lecture to judges, lawyers, law enforcement groups, psychologists, psychiatrists, and other high interest groups in the area of social psychology and the law. He has appeared as a guest analyst on all major TV networks and many syndicated news shows.He also appears in a number of podcasts, such as APA's "Speaking of Psychology:

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texts: False confessions aren’t always what they seem", and documentaries such as the 2012 film by Ken and Sarah Burns, The Central Park Five. Determined to raise public awareness, <mask> has also written some high-profile opinion editorials and a provocative article on the false confessions that surrounded the infamous 1964 killing of Kitty Genovese. A staunch critic of the Reid technique of interrogation, and in light of research showing that Miranda does not protect the innocent, <mask> is a vocal advocate for the requirement that all interrogations be videotaped in their entirety--without exception. <mask> is best known for pioneering the scientific study of false confessions. In 1985, he and Lawrence Wrightsman introduced a taxonomy that distinguished three types of false confessions—voluntary, compliant, and internalized. This classification scheme is universally accepted in the field. <mask> also created the first laboratory research methods (the most notable being the computer crash experiment, used in forensic psychology to study the problems with certain types of police interrogation techniques and why innocent people confess.Along with fellow experts Steven Drizin, Thomas Grisso, Gisli Gudjonsson, Richard Leo, and Allison Redlich, he wrote a 2010 AP-LS White Paper called "Police-Induced Confessions: Risk Factors and Recommendations." To assess the consensus of opinions within the scientific community, he and his colleagues also recently published a survey of confession experts from all over the world. Over the years, <mask> has published many other empirical articles on the subject of confessions and has introduced such terms as positive coercion bias, minimization and maximization, guilt-presumptive interrogation, the phenomenology of

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