texts:
 von Nürnberg (Karajan) (1951) Naxos 8.110872-75

Video
She can be seen in two videotaped performances as the Marschallin:
 Schwarzkopf Seefried Fischer-Dieskau, a black-and-white DVD of these three singers. Schwarzkopf performs the Act I Finale from Der Rosenkavalier, from a performance filmed in London, 1961. Published by Warner Classics, Catalog number DVB 4904429.Der Rosenkavalier: the Film, a color videotape/DVD of a full length performance conducted by Herbert von Karajan with the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra from the 1961 Salzburg Festival, featuring Sena Jurinac, Anneliese Rothenberger, Otto Edelmann and Erich Kunz; film directed by Paul Czinner. Published by KULTUR. ASIN: B0043988GM. Notes and references

Further reading
 Jefferson, <mask> Schwarzkopf Northeastern University Press (August 1996)  Chapter One extract
 Legge, Walter; postscript by <mask>, <mask>; ed. Sanders, Alan Walter Legge: Words and Music Routledge (1998)
 Liese, Kirsten, <mask>pf. From Flower Maiden To Marschallin. English translation: Charles Scribner.Molden, Vienna 2007. ; Amadeus Press, New York,

masks:
Alan Elisabeth
Schwarzkopf
Elisabeth
Elisabeth Schwarzko


type: original

texts:
<mask> (; December 1758 – 27 June 1826) was an Irish author and diarist. Early years and education
Leadbeater was born in Ballitore, Athy, County Kildare, Ireland. She was the daughter of Richard Shackleton (1726–1792) by his second wife, Elizabeth Carleton, and granddaughter of Abraham Shackleton, schoolmaster of Edmund Burke. Her parents were Quakers. She was thoroughly educated, and her literary studies were aided by Aldborough Wrightson, a man of great ability who had been educated at Ballitore school and had returned to die there. In 1784 she travelled to London with her father and paid several visits to Burke's town house, where she met Sir Joshua Reynolds and George Crabbe. She also went to Beaconsfield, and on her return wrote a poem in praise of the place and its owner, which was acknowledged by Burke, 13 December 1784, in a long and eulogistic letter.On her way home she visited, at Selby, Yorkshire, some primitive Quakers whom she described in her journal. Career
In 1791 she married <mask>, a former pupil of her father, and they resided in Ballitore. Leadbeater, who traced his descent from the Huguenot family of Le Batre, was a small farmer and landowner, and his wife kept the village post office. They had six children among them Lydia Fisher, <mask>, Margaret and Sarah who married John Barrington a member of the Quaker family who made candles and soap. On her father's death, Leadbeater received a tender letter of consolation from Burke. She had from time to time written poems, and in 1794 published anonymously in Dublin Extracts and Original Anecdotes for the

masks:
Mary Leadbeater
William Leadbeater
Mary


texts: Improvement of Youth, which begins with "some account of the society of the people call Quakers", contains several poems on secular subjects, and concludes with "divine odes". She was in Carlow on Christmas Day 1796 when the news arrived that the French fleet had been seen off Bantry, and she describes the march out of the troops.On 28 May 1797 Burke wrote one of his last letters to her. Ballitore was occupied in 1798 first by yeomanry,  "from whose bosom," wrote <mask>, "pity seemed banished." Next came the quartering of soldiers on the town, the Suffolk Fencibles and the Ancient Britons, who commenced torturing and flogging the inhabitants. "The village, once so peaceful, exhibited a scene of tumult and dismay; and the air rang with the shrieks of the sufferers, and the lamentations of those who beheld them suffer," she wrote. A force of about 300 rebels then occupied the town and carried out reprisals, but who fled the following day on the approach of a force of soldiers. These soldiers in turn exacted reprisals on the locals, even killing the local doctor, Johnston. <mask>er wrote of the killing of her friend: "He was alone and unarmed when seized, and I believe had never raised his hand to injure any one."The soldiers sacked the town, burned many houses and smashed up the rest, and one of them almost killed <mask>, who had to flee with a number of other women. In 1808 she published Poems with a metrical version of her husband's prose translation of Maffæus Vegio's Thirteenth Book of the Æneid. The poems are sixty-seven in number; six are on subjects relating to Burke, one in

masks:
Mary Leadbeater
Mary Leadbeat
Mary Leadbeater


texts: praise of the spa of Ballitore, and the remainder on domestic and local subjects. She next published in 1811 Cottage Dialogues among the Irish Peasantry, of which four editions, with some alterations and additions, had appeared by 1813. The dialogues are on such subjects as dress, a wake, going to the fair, a spinning match, cow-pock, cookery, and matrimony. William P. Le Fanu (1774–1817) had suggested the design, and the object was to diffuse information about the peasantry. In 1813 she tried to instruct the rich on a similar plan in The Landlord's Friend.Intended as a sequel to Cottage Dialogues, in which persons of quality are made to discourse on such topics as beggars, spinning-wheels, and Sunday in the village, Tales for Cottagers, which she brought out in 1814 in conjunction with Elizabeth Shackleton, is a return to the original design. The tales illustrate perseverance, temper, economy, and are followed by a curious moral play, Honesty is the best policy. In 1822 she concluded this series with Cottage Biography, being a Collection of Lives of the Irish Peasantry. The lives are those of real persons, and contain some interesting passages, especially in the life of James Dunn, a pilgrim to Loch Derg. Many traits of Irish country life appear in these books, and they preserve several of the idioms of the English-speaking inhabitants of the Pale. Memoirs and Letters of Richard and Elizabeth Shackleton … compiled by their Daughter was also issued in 1822 (new edition. 1849, edited by Lydia Ann Barclay).Her Biographical Notices of Members of the Society of Friends who were


texts:
 resident in Ireland appeared in 1823, and is a summary of their spiritual lives, with a scanty narrative of events. Her last work was The Pedlars, a Tale, published in 1824. Besides receiving letters from Burke, Leadbeater corresponded with, among others, Maria Edgeworth, George Crabbe, and Mrs Melesina Trench, and from the age of eleven kept a private journal. She died at Ballitore 27 June 1826, and was buried in the Quaker burial-ground there. She had several children, and one of her daughters, Mrs. Fisher, was the intimate friend of the poet and novelist Gerald Griffin. Leadbeater's best work, the Annals of Ballitore, was not printed till 1862, when it was brought out with the general title of The Leadbeater Papers (2 vols.) by Richard Davis Webb, a learned and patriotic printer, eager to preserve every truthful illustration of Irish life.It tells of the inhabitants and events of Ballitore from 1766 to 1823, and few books give a better idea of the character and feelings of Irish cottagers, of the premonitory signs of the rebellion of 1798, and of the horrors of the outbreak itself. The second volume includes unpublished letters of Burke and the correspondence with Mrs. Richard Trench and with Crabbe. References

Sources
 This entry lists:
 Smith, Joseph. A Descriptive Catalogue of Friends' Books
 Webb, Alfred John (1878). A Compendium of Irish Biography, Dublin:Gill
 Memoirs of Mrs. Trench

External links

1758 births
1826 deaths
Irish diarists
People from County Kildare
Irish Quakers
18th-century Irish writers
Women diarists
18th-century Irish women writers
19th-century Irish


texts:
<mask> (; born 4 April 1949) is a French former nationalist politician. He was the leader of the Mouvement National Républicain political party, but retired in 2008 from all political action. Youth and studies
Born in Paris, <mask> studied at the École Polytechnique and at the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, and is by profession a senior civil servant. He also holds a Master's degree from the University of California, Berkeley. A graduate of the armored cavalry school of Saumur, he is also a reserve army captain. <mask> was ranked 317th at the competition for entrance at École Polytechnique in 1969, and since at that time only 300 candidates were admitted every year, he could enter only because some students preferred to study at the slightly more prestigious École Normale Supérieure and turned down the École Polytechnique. However, at École Polytechnique he proved a very dedicated student, and was ranked 18th at the end of the studies.This enabled him to choose between the École des Mines and the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées to finish his engineering studies. After graduating from the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, he spent the academic year 1974–1975 in Berkeley, and obtained a Master of Science. He then returned to France to work for the Ministère de l'Équipement. The Club de l'Horloge
In 1975, he met Yvan Blot at the Commissariat Général du Plan, who invited him to join the Club de l'Horloge. At the Club de l'Horloge, he became friends with Jean-Claude Bardet and Jean-Yves Le Gallou, who with Yvan Blot were also members of the GRECE. In 1977, <mask> started to work as an engineer on highway construction, at the Direction Départementale de l'Équipement (DDE)

masks:
Bruno Mégret
Bruno Mégret
Bruno Méret
Bruno Méret


texts:
 of Essonne. During this period, he contributed to the publications of the Club de l'Horloge.In 1979, he became technical advisor to the minister of cooperation Robert Galley. He also joined  the Rassemblement pour la République (conservative political party) and was conservative candidate for legislative elections in 1981 against Michel Rocard in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine. In 1981, after the defeat of the conservatives in legislative elections, finding the RPR too moderate, and realizing that not being a graduate from the École Nationale d'Administration like Jacques Toubon or Jean-François Mancel or Alain Juppé was slowing down his political career in the Rassemblement pour la République, he went on to create the Comités d'Action Républicaine (CAR). However, the appearance of the Front National at the European Parliament elections of 1984,  shattered the hopes of the CAR which did not even manage to have a list of candidates for these elections. In the National Front and the MNR
In 1985, <mask> joined Jean-Marie Le Pen's National Front (FN, a nationalist political party). In 1986, he was elected to the French National Assembly, representing Isère. A rival of Jean-Pierre Stirbois, then general secretary of the FN (who died in 1988), he organised  Le Pen's election campaign in 1987 and became the number two (délégué général) in the movement.He was a member of the European Parliament for the FN from 1989 to 1999. In 1989, <mask> created the  Institut de formation nationale, the Centre d'études et d'argumentaires, the magazine Identité, the conseil scientifique and the publishing house Editions Nationales to elaborate the doctrine and diffuse the ideas of the Front National. His friends of

masks:
Bruno Méret
Bruno Mégret


texts: the Club de l'Horloge Jean-Yves Le Gallou, Jean-Claude Bardet,  Yvan Blot and Jean-Jacques Mourreau of the CAR also secured key positions in the hierarchy of the Front National. However, the relationship between Le Pen and Mégret turned sour during the following decade. Mégret and others inside the Front started criticizing Le Pen's "extremist" positions, which, they argued, prevented the Front from obtaining political executive positions. Moreover, <mask> started to become very popular with the party members, winning large support against his rival <mask>, who had been made vice-president and general secretary of the Front National by Le Pen in 1995. On 9 February 1997 <mask>'s wife, Catherine Mégret, was elected mayor of Vitrolles.Following the social unrest of November–December 1995,  <mask> developed a strategy of creating new unions (FN-RATP, FN-TCL, FN-Poste, Mouvement pour une Education Nationale, FN-Police)  and professional organisations tied to the Front National to increase the audience of the party. This strategy contrasted sharply with the previous traditional anti-union stance of the Front National. In 1998, <mask> split from the Front National and founded, with his lover Jean-Yves Le Gallou, the Mouvement National Républicain. He received 2.33% of the vote in the first round of the 2002 French presidential election. <mask> endorsed Jean-Marie Le Pen in the runoff against Jacques Chirac. He also supported Le Pen in the 2007 presidential election. After he was sentenced to 8 months of probation, 8000 Euro fine and one-year ban from standing in any election for defalcation of public funds, he resigned in 2008 from the political field.He used money from the town Vitrolles to

masks:
Bruno Mégret
Bruno Gollnisch
Bruno Méret
Bruno Mégret
Bruno Mégret
Bruno Mégret


texts:
 support his 2002 presidential run. In 2022 he voiced support for the candidacy of Éric Zemmour in the 2022 French presidential election, judging that Zemmour "embodies the right path for our ideas and for France". He criticised the leadership of Marine Le Pen for what Mégret perceives to be the "de-demonization and then standardization" of the Rassemblement National, judging her to have 'eroded' the party's firm stance on issues relating to security and identity. Political career
Electoral mandates

Member of the National Assembly of France for Isère : 1986–1988

Member of European Parliament : 1989–1999

Regional councillor of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur : 1992–2001

Municipal councillor of Marseille : 2002–2008

Political function

President of the National Republican Movement : 1998–2008

References

External links
 <mask>gret's official website (in French)

Carrefour de l'horloge people
1949 births
Living people
Candidates in the 2002 French presidential election
National Rally (France) MEPs
Politicians from Paris
Politicians of the French Fifth Republic
École Polytechnique alumni
National Republican Movement politicians
French Roman Catholics
MEPs for France 1989–1994
MEPs for France 1994–1999
National Rally (France) politicians
New Right (Europe)
Reconquête


texts:
<mask>ich <mask> () (12 April 1940 – 3 January 2012) was a Russian painter, book illustrator, movie art designer and theater artist. He graduated from the All-Union State University of Cinematography. He is a third generation artist; his grandfather <mask>  was an artist and his father Nikolay, was a landscape artist and Academician

Life and career

Childhood
<mask> was born on 12 April 1940 in Moscow. His father, the landscape painter <mask>, was a student of   Falk,   Mashkov and   Konchalovsky. When Romadin  was thirteen he took lessons with Pavel Dmitrievich Korin, and it was at this point that he became attracted to less traditional types of art. He showed his experiments to Altman and Tyshler, and for a long time he was strongly influenced by the works of Picasso, Braque, Legér and other modernists, that he saw at the exhibition of French art that took place in Moscow in 1961. Career

<mask> went on as a young man to attend the Gerasimov University of Cinematography, which he considered to be the higher education institute that offered the most creative freedom to its students.There his best friends and fellow students were the poet Gennady Shpalikov and the director Andrei Tarkovsky. They met every day and between them were overflowing with creative ideas. Romadin thought up the flying machine made out of a sack that figures in Tarkovsky's film Andrei Rublev (1969), and in 1964 he worked as an artist on the film I am Twenty 1965 , which was directed by Marlen Khutsiev and written by Marlen Khutsiev and Gennady Shpalikov. He was then the production designer and creator of the style of Tarkovsky's Solaris (1972), after which he went on to work as production designer on three of his friend Andrei Konchalovsky's films, The

masks:
Mikhail Nikolayev
Romadin
Mikhail
Mikhail Romadin
Nikolai Romadin
Mikhail Romadin


texts:
 First Teacher (1964), The Story of Asya Klyachina (1967), and A Nest of Gentlefolk (1969). Andrei Tarkovsky about <mask>: "Romadin's character is hidden, forced deep inside. In his best works what often happens is that the outward characteristics of barely ordered dynamism and chaos that one perceives initially, melt imperceptibly into the appreciation of calm and noble form, silent and simple. As I see it, this principle contains the highest artistic quality.”

Book illustration

<mask> created illustrations from an early age, and over his life illustrated more than 200 books, including Ray Bradbury's R is for Rocket and The Magic Ring by Andrei Platonov, Tales by Leo Tolstoy, Lion with a white beard  by Tonino Guerra – M.<mask>'s close friend,  and more.Tonino Guerra about <mask>:"I used to visit <mask>din regularly. The apartment was full of books, furniture and precariously balanced objects here and there. I was quite worried that it could all collapse on top of me. The paintings, which show innumerable fighting soldiers,leaves and grass, need an empty expanse of walls. But I didn’t feel suffocated; I felt like an organic part of this labyrinth, in which I discovered fresh air and broad horizons. It’s at this point that you yearn for the quiet life that we are all losing, and which was so dear to him [Romadin]”

The intricacy of dense detail in Romadin's work is striking, and the viewer feels drawn to examine each detail individually; but <mask>'s realism is deceptive, and what we see is really closer to surrealism. He achieves this through a cinematic approach, employing close-ups, expressive angles, montage, and a cinematic compositional dynamism.As Romadin said, “A good painting is done from corner to corner, with equal

masks:
Mikhail Romadin
Mikhail Romadin
Romadin
Mikhail Romadin
Mikhail Roma
Romadin


texts:
 ten-sion in every square centimetre.”

<mask>'s works have been exhibited in over 300 solo exhibitions worldwide, from Paris, Geneva and Berlin, to Dallas and Beijing. While taking part in these exhibitions Romadin used to cover entire rolls of paper measuring several metres each with drawings. One critic called him a “drawing machine”. The works of <mask> are in the collections of museums and private collections worldwide. Personal life
Parents

Father – <mask> <mask> (1903–1987) – famous Russian landscape artist and Academician. Mother – Nina Gerasimovna <mask> (Shpileva)

Wife

Ekaterina Shein-<mask>, ballet dancer (Moscow State Academy of Choreography- The Bolshoi Ballet Academy), actress (Russian Academy of Theatre Arts), curator of exhibitions on the theme of ballet. Private collections exist in Russia, the USA, France, Monaco, Germany, Italy, Belgium, Switzerland, Luxembourg etc.Solo exhibitions
<mask>'s works have been exhibited in over 300 solo exhibitions worldwide, from Paris, Geneva and Berlin to Dallas New-York and Beijing. Filmography

 The Story of Asya Klyachina (1966) (Russian История Аси Клячиной, которая любила, да не вышла замуж, Istoriya Asi Klyachinoy, kotoraya lyubila, da ne vyshla zamuzh)

 The First Teacher (1966) (Russian Первый учитель, Pervyy uchitel) – Art director, Costume Designer
 A Nest of Gentry (1969) (Russian Дворянское гнездо, Dvoryanskoe gnezdo), dabed on the novel Home of the Gentry – Set designer
 Solaris (1972) (Russian Солярис, Solyaris) Artistic director

References
Biography of Michael Romadina site biogs.redban.ru (Russian)

Michael Romadin site of Andrei Konchalovsky (Russian)

1940 births
2012 deaths
20th-century Russian painters
Russian male painters
21st-century Russian

masks:
Romadin
Mikhail Romadin
Nikolai Mikhailovich
Romadin
Romadina
Romadina
Romadin


texts:
R. L<mask> (November 23, 1926 – September 1, 2005) was an American blues singer, songwriter and guitarist. He played music for much of his life but received little recognition before the early 1990s. In the latter half of that decade, <mask> recorded and toured with Jon Spencer, garnering crossover appeal and introducing his music to a new fan base in the punk and garage rock scenes. Life and career

1926–1959: Early years
<mask> was born in 1926 to <mask> and Josie Malone, in either Harmontown, College Hill, or Blackwater Creek, all of which are in the rural part of Lafayette County, Mississippi, near the area that would be covered by Sardis Lake a few years later. His first name is given variously as R. L., <mask>, <mask>, <mask>, or <mask>l. His father left the family early on, and R. L. grew up with his mother, grandparents, and several siblings. He played the harmonica and dabbled with playing guitar, beginning at the age of 16.He said he first played in public at age 21 or 22. He learned mostly from Mississippi Fred McDowell, who had lived near Burnside since Burnside was a child. He first heard McDowell playing at age 7 or 8 and eventually joined his gigs to play a late set. Other local teachers were his uncle-in-law <mask> Burnette, who was a popular player from Senatobia; the mostly unknown Henry Harden, Son Hibbler, Jesse Vortis, and Burnside's brother-in-law; and possibly Stonewall Mays. <mask> cited church singing and fife-and-drum picnics as elements of his childhood's musical landscape, and he credited Muddy Waters, <mask>' Hopkins, and <mask> Hooker as influences in adulthood. In the late 1940s he moved

masks:
. Burnside
Burnside
Burnside
Earnest Burnside
Rural
Robert Lee
Rule
Rue
Ranie
Burnside
Lightnin
John Lee


texts:
 to Chicago, where his father had lived since he separated from his mother, in the hope of finding better economic opportunities. He found jobs at metal and glass factories, had the company of Muddy Waters (his cousin-in-law), and enjoyed the blues scene on Maxwell Street.But things did not turn out as he had hoped; within the span of one year his father, two brothers, and two uncles were all murdered in the city. Three years after coming to Chicago, <mask> went back south. He married Alice Mae Taylor in 1949 or 1950, his second marriage. He moved several times in the 1950s, between Memphis, Tennessee, the Mississippi Delta and the hill country of northern Mississippi. During his time in the Delta, he met bluesmen <mask> Jr. and Aleck "<mask>" Miller. It seems it was around that time that <mask> killed a man, possibly at a craps game, was convicted of murder and incarcerated in Parchman Farm. He would later relate that his boss at the time had arranged to release him after six months, as he needed <mask>'s skills as a tractor driver.1960–1990: Part-time musician
He spent the next 45 years, not unlike his early years, in Panola and Tate counties, in northern Mississippi. At first he kept to particularly remote dwellings, working into the 1980s as a sharecropper growing cotton and soybean, as a commercial fisherman on the Tallahatchie River, selling his catch from door to door, and as a truck driver. Later he moved closer to Holly Springs. After coming back to Mississippi, and especially after marrying, he picked more local gigs, playing guitar in juke joints and bars (some under his management), at picnics and at his own

masks:
Burnside
Robert Lockwood
Rice
Burnside
Burnside


texts: open house parties, and at an occasional festival. His career boomed in the last twenty years of his life. His earliest recordings were made in 1967 by George Mitchell, then a graduate student of journalism. Mitchell and his wife went on a 13-day summer trip in Mississippi, which resulted in the first recordings of several country blues artists.He came to <mask>'s house near Coldwater on the advice of fife player and maker Othar Turner. Mitchell wrote that Fred McDowell had not told him about Burnside, likely because <mask> posed "big-time competition". Six of the songs, played on an acoustic guitar lent by Mitchell, were released on Arhoolie Records after two years; nine others are on later records. Another album of acoustic material was recorded in 1969 for Adelphi Records, not to be released until thirty years later. Recordings from 1975 had a similar fate. These recordings featured <mask> playing acoustic guitar and singing, and a few tracks had harmonica accompaniment by W.C. Veasey or Ulysse <mask>. Although not recorded, by that time <mask> also played electric guitar.His early repertoire came from hill country and Memphis favorites, <mask> Hooker, Muddy Waters, hits by Howlin' Wolf and Elmore James, and sides by Yank <mask>, <mask>' Hopkins, and <mask>some Sundown. In 1969 he performed for the first time outside the United States, at a program in Montreal with <mask>' Hopkins and <mask> Hooker. As a solo performer, he made three tours in Europe, appearing before enthusiastic audiences. In 1974 he played at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival, the first of nine of these festivals at which he performed. Also

masks:
Burnside
Burnside
Burnside
Red Ramsey
Burnside
John Lee
Rachell
Lightnin
Lone
Lightnin
John Lee


texts: in 1974, Tav Falco filmed <mask> in the Brotherhood Sportsmen's Lodge, a juke joint he ran at the time near Como. His performance featured the slide guitarist Kenny Brown, Burnside's friend and understudy, whom he began tutoring in 1971 and claimed as his "adopted son". In 1978 Burnside was filmed by <mask> in what remained mostly outtakes of the television documentary The Land Where the Blues Began.A series of recordings in 1979 by the musicologist David Evans for his record label High Water was the first to feature Burnside's Sound Machine, which included his sons Duwayne and Daniel on guitar, his son Joseph on bass, and his son-in-law Calvin Jackson on drums. The band was active mostly in home settings but also joined Burnside in Europe in 1980 and 1983. They offered a rare fusion of rural and urban blues, funk, R&B and soul, which appealed to young Mississippians; their sets included covers of songs by <mask>, <mask>, Albert King and <mask>. An EP, Sound Machine Groove, was released by Evans's label in the US but had next to no distribution. Apart from it, one full album of the same title, a debut of sorts, was licensed for prompt European release by Disques Vogue, and another hour's worth was released by the Memphis label Inside Sounds in 2001. From 1980 to 1986, Burnside recorded for the Dutch label Old Swingmaster and for the French label Arion, mostly solo or with harmonica accompaniment: Johnny Woods served on some occasions (he also recorded as a lead artist, with guitar accompaniment by Burnside); Curtis Salgado served once in a New Orleans session. Selections focused on hill country material and starker,

masks:
Burnside
Alan Lomax
Jimmy Rogers
Little Walter
Little Milton


texts:
 less danceable songs by <mask>' Hopkins, Muddy Waters and <mask> Hooker.The results were four more LP releases and a videotape under his name, all in European markets. In the mid-1980s <mask> retired from farm work and became more busy with the music. For about 12 years he worked with New Orleans–based harpist Jon (Joni) Morris Neremberg (or Nuremberg). He appeared before American crowds at such occasions as the 1982 World's Fair, the 1984 Louisiana World Exposition, and the 1986 San Francisco Blues Festival, between international tours. By the mid-1980s he toured about "once a year or maybe twice", and by one report in 1985 he had been to Europe 17 times. Recordings from his time with Morris were eventually released on two records, both produced by M.C. Records and Louis X. Erlanger: Acoustic Stories (a session from 1988) and Well, Well, Well (a 2001 compilation of informal recordings provided by Morris).1991–2005: Commercial success and declining health

In the late seventies or early eighties <mask> was introduced and struck a partnership with Junior Kimbrough. Roughly a decade later, his own "Burnside Palace" had shut down and the family lived next to the Kimbroughs' new "Junior's Place" in Chulahoma, Mississippi and collaborated with the counterpart musical family. The music writer <mask>, teaching for a time in the University of Mississippi in Oxford, frequented the scene with some celebrity musicians, which led to the making in 1990 of the documentary Deep Blues, in which <mask> was prominently featured. <mask> began recording for the Oxford, Mississippi, label Fat Possum Records in 1991. The label, dedicated to

masks:
Lightnin
John Lee
Burnside
Burnside
Robert Palmer
Burnside
Burnside


texts: recording aging north Mississippi bluesmen such as <mask> and Junior Kimbrough, was founded by two students who had been attending their performances for some years—<mask>-<mask>, editor of Living Blues magazine, and Matthew Johnson, a writer for the magazine. <mask> remained with Fat Possum from that time until his death. Their first output was Bad Luck City (1992), featuring the Sound Machine.The next, Too Bad Jim (1994), was recorded at Junior's Place and produced by Palmer, with support from Calvin Jackson and Kenny Brown. After Jackson moved to Holland, Burnside found a new stable band and would usually perform with Brown and drummer Cedric <mask>, his grandson. <mask>. played his first art museum gig when Grammy nominee/producer <mask> brought him to Baltimore to play the Walters Art Museum in February, 1993 as the feature of a Baltimore Folk Music Society concert. In a New York concert around the release of the documentary Deep Blues, he attracted the attention of Jon Spencer, the leader of the Jon Spencer Blues Explosion. He started touring with this group in 1995, both as an opening act and sitting in, gaining much new audience. The 1996 album A Ass Pocket of Whiskey was recorded with Spencer's band and was marketed for their audience, but was credited to <mask>.It gained critical acclaim and praise from Bono and Iggy Pop; Billboard magazine wrote that "it sound like no other blues album ever released" and an author there picked it to year's end critics' poll, Living Blues opined it is "perhaps the worst blues album ever made." After parting ways with the Blues Explosion, the label turned to produce music in

masks:
Burnside
Peter Redvers
Lee
Burnside
Burnside
R L
Larry Hoffman
Burnside


texts: which recorded materials were remixed by producer <mask> with an eye to techno, downtempo and hip-hop listeners. The experiment started with a track in  Mr. Wizard (1997), an album based on a variety of sessions, and matured into a full album with Come On In (1998). The recording artists themselves heard only the final product, but they conceded that with time they came to like it, in part influenced by its popularity. <mask> continued to tour, perhaps more extensively than ever. He warmed for the Beastie Boys, was musical guest in Late Night with Conan O'Brien and HBO's Reverb, provided entertainment at private events such as <mask>'s birthday party, and participated in shared or showcase bills with other Fat Possum artists, like T-Model Ford, Paul "Wine" Jones, CeDell Davis, <mask> and <mask>. An influx of visitors and young musicians were attracted to Junior's Place, but it burned down in 2000.Documentary coverage of his current life and work expanded too. Bradley Beesley filmed the 60-minutes Hill Stomp Hollar, a film about <mask> and other Fat Possum artists, that received positive response at the 1999 SXSW Film Festival premiere, but was not approved for release by the label. Much of Beesley's footage and interviews became part of a 77-minutes, You See Me Laughin, directed by Mandy Stein; it was released by Fat Possum in 2003. A 1999 date in Paris' "New Morning", with Brown and Cedric, was an occasion for French blues singer Sophie Kay (Kertesz) to film a 52-minutes documentary. In short time, however, <mask> was in declining health. He had an ear infection and underwent a heart surgery in 1999. As his tours

masks:
Tom Rothrock
Burnside
Richard Gere
Robert Cage
Robert Belfour
Burnside
Burnside


texts: decreased to a minimum, Wish I Was In Heaven Sitting Down (2000) was released, which relegated guitar work to other players (<mask>, Smokey Hormel, John Porter) but used <mask>'s vocals.After a heart attack in 2001, his doctor advised him to stop drinking; <mask> did, but he reported that change left him unable to play. Fat Possum rebounded with A Bothered Mind (2004), an album that used previously recorded guitar tracks, and included collaborations with <mask> and Lyrics Born. These remix albums received mixed reviews, some describing the results as "unnatural" while others lauded the playful spirit, or "the way it yokes authentic blues feeling to new technology". Commercially, the remixes were successful; each surpassed its previous in Billboard's Top Blues Albums chart, as they stayed there for 12–18 weeks' periods (but none entered into the more competitive Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs), and two tracks from Come On In were included in The Sopranos soundtrack. "Let My Baby Ride" off Come On In received significant airplay and an ensuing music clip was slotted in MTV's 120 Minutes; the album's "Rollin' & Tumblin'" accompanied a 2002 Nissan TV commercial. But the live, unremixed album Burnside on Burnside (2001) peaked at number 4 of Billboard's Blues Albums chart and was nominated for a Grammy. - the last article to catch <mask> as an active bandleader, recorded in January 2001 with Brown and Cedric.In between, Fat Possum licensed and released First Recording (2003), comprising George Mitchell's 1967 recordings in its fullest edition yet, in traditional format. In addition, the 1990s and 2000s saw release of several

masks:
Rick Holmstrom
Burnside
Burnside
Kid Rock
Burnside


texts:
 recordings from previous decades by other labels (see above), as well as a couple of new recordings by HighTone Records. Death and legacy
Another heart attack in November 2002 resulted in a surgery in 2003, and short-circuited any future career plans he had. Yet <mask> continued as guest singer on occasions, such as at Bonnaroo Music Festival, 2004, his last public appearance. He died at St. Francis Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee on September 1, 2005, at the age of 78. Services were held at Rust College, in Holly Springs, with burial in the Free Springs Cemetery, in Harmontown. Around the time of his death, he resided in Byhalia, Mississippi.His immediate survivors included:
His wife: Alice Mae <mask> (1932–2008), married 1949
His daughters: Mildred <mask> (1949–2010), <mask>, Brenda Kay Brooks, and Pamela Denise <mask>
His sons: <mask>, R.L<mask> Jr. (1954–2010), <mask>, <mask>, <mask>,  Duwayne <mask>, <mask>, <mask>, and <mask> Harmon
His sisters: <mask> <mask>, Verelan <mask>, and <mask>
His brother: Jesse Monia
His 35 grandchildren: Cedric <mask>
32 great-grandchildren

Members of his extended family continue to play blues in the Holly Springs area and in wider circles:

His son Duwayne <mask> has played guitar with the North Mississippi Allstars (Polaris; Hill Country Revue with R. L. Burnside). He has operated music venues named after Burnside and Alice Mae in Chulahoma, Memphis, Waterford, and Holly Springs. His grandson Cedric <mask> has released six albums with four musical partners and toured with Kenny Brown and others. His son <mask> used to play bass guitar with Junior Kimbrough, North Mississippi

masks:
Burnside
Taylor Burnside
Jean Burnside
Linda Jackson
Burnside
Melvin Burnside
. Burnside
Calvin Burnside
Joseph Burnside
Daniel Burnside
Burnside
Dexter Burnside
Garry Burnside
Rodger
Lucille
Burnside
Burnside
Mat Burnside
Burnside
Burnside
Burnside
Garry Burnside


texts:
 Allstars, and Hill Country Revue; in 2006 he released an album with Cedric. His son-in-law Calvin Jackson (died 2015) recorded with blues musicians of <mask>'s generation and younger. His grandson <mask> is also a touring blues musician.Kent is currently touring with the Flood Brothers and released an album with them in 2016. His grandson Cody (died 2012) was also a musician. Kenny Brown has released four albums and toured with the family and his own band. Burnside won one W. C. Handy Award in 2000 (Traditional Blues Male Artist of the Year), two in 2002 (Traditional Blues Male Artist of the Year; Traditional Blues Album of the Year, Burnside on Burnside), and one in 2003 (Traditional Blues Male Artist of The Year); he had 11 unsuccessful nominations in 8 years for the awards, starting in 1982, as well as one for a Grammy. Several of the Mississippi Blues Trail markers, which have been erected since 2006, mention him. In 2014 he was inducted to the Blues Hall of Fame in Memphis. Burnside's fellow Fat Possum musicians The Black Keys credit him as an influence and interpolated his "Skinny Woman" into their track "Busted".The electronica musician St. Germain used samples of <mask>'s "Nightmare Blues" throughout the track "How Dare You", on his 2015 album. Style

<mask> had a powerful, expressive voice, that did not fail with old age but rather grew richer, and played both electric and acoustic guitar, with and without a slide. His drone-heavy style was more characteristic of North Mississippi hill country blues than Delta blues. Like other country blues musicians, he did not always adhere to strict 12- or 16-bar blues

masks:
Burnside
Kent Burnside
Burnside
Burnside


texts:
 patterns, often adding extra beats to a measure as he saw fit. His rhythms are often based on the fife and drum blues of north Mississippi. As was the case with his role model <mask> Hooker, <mask>'s earliest recordings sound quite similar to one another, even repetitive, in vocal and instrumental styling. Many of these songs eschew traditional chord changes in favor of a single chord or a simple bassline pattern that repeats throughout.<mask> played the guitar fingerstyle—without a pick—and often in open-G tuning. His vocal style is characterized by a tendency to "break" briefly into falsetto, usually at the end of long notes. Like his contemporary T-Model Ford, <mask> favored a stripped-down approach to the blues, marked by a quality of rawness. He and his later managers and reviewers maintained his persona as a hard-working man leading a life of struggle, a heavy drinker, latent criminal singing songs of swagger and rebellion. <mask> knew many toasts—African American narrative folk poems such as "Signifying monkey" and "Tojo Told Hitler"—and fondly recited them between songs at his concerts and on recordings. He narrated long jokes in concerts and social events, and many sources noted his quick wit and charisma. The Real Deal: Experiencing Authenticity in the Music of R.L.Burnside. M.A. thesis. University of Mississippi. Smirnoff, Marc, ed. (2008). The Oxford American Book of Great Music Writing''.Fayetteville: University of Arkansas. Notes

References

External links

 Fat Possum artist website
 Slade's R. L. Burnside page
 Illustrated R. L. Burnside discography

1926 births
2005 deaths
20th-century

masks:
John Lee
Burnside
Burnside
Burnside
Burnside


texts:
 African-American male singers
African-American rock musicians
American blues guitarists
American male guitarists
American blues singers
Country blues musicians
Juke Joint blues musicians
Blues musicians from Mississippi
Fat Possum Records artists
People from Lafayette County, Mississippi
People from Holly Springs, Mississippi
20th-century American guitarists
Guitarists from Mississippi
People from Byhalia, Mississippi
African-American


texts:
<mask> (born 3 March 1972) is an English former professional footballer and pundit. As a player, he was a midfielder who notably played in the Premier League for Tottenham Hotspur and Birmingham City. His twelve-year spell with Spurs yielded 299 league appearances, scoring 34 goals. He won the League Cup with Spurs in 1999, and was then runners-up in the same tournament again in 2002. He also played in the Football League for Portsmouth and Wolverhampton Wanderers before finishing his career with AFC Bournemouth. In his final ever game as a professional player he came off the bench to score the winner with a spectacular volley in a 3–2 win for Bournemouth on 6 December 2008. He was capped 30 times by England, scoring seven goals and being ever present in the squads at Euro 96 and World Cup 98.Since retirement, <mask> has largely worked as a pundit, notably for Canada's The Sports Network. Club career

Portsmouth
Anderton started his career in the Southampton Tyro League and played for Itchen Saints during a successful period for the side. His potential was evident and he was soon scouted and playing youth football at professional clubs. <mask> was signed as an apprentice by Portsmouth manager Alan Ball, coming to prominence at 18 when he scored at Anfield in an FA Youth Cup match against Liverpool which ended 2–2. His first team debut came against Cardiff City in the second round of the League Cup in October 1990 as a substitute for youth team colleague Darryl Powell. <mask> made his full league debut against Wolverhampton Wanderers in a 0–0 draw, making 20 appearances in the 1990–91 season. Under new manager Jim Smith, <mask> became a regular in the attacking side of the 1991–92 season, scoring his first club goal in the season opener against Blackburn Rovers.His performances soon drew the attention of bigger clubs and

masks:
Darren Robert Anderton
Anderton
Anderton
Anderton
Anderton


texts:
 after an impressive FA Cup run, during which he scored in a semi-final clash with Liverpool, he joined Tottenham Hotspur for £1.75 million in 1992. Tottenham Hotspur
After a slow start, <mask> settled at Tottenham, playing as a right winger, forming part of an exciting attacking trio along with Teddy Sheringham and the young Nick Barmby. Two years later Terry Venables gave <mask> his England debut against Denmark in 1994. <mask> soon became a regular in the national side and turned down a move to Manchester United in the summer of 1995 following an exciting season spent playing with the likes of Jürgen Klinsmann at Tottenham, a decision that he later regretted. Despite missing most of the 1995–96 season, first because of hernia surgery and then with a groin injury that kept him out for eight months, <mask> played an important part in the Euro 96 England team that reached the semi-finals and included Paul Gascoigne, Alan Shearer, Steve McManaman and Teddy Sheringham. In the semi final against Germany, the match went to golden goal extra time. <mask> came within inches of putting England into the final when his shot hit the post.Injuries then limited <mask>'s international appearances considerably. He missed most of the 1997–98 season but was recalled for Glenn Hoddle's squad for the 1998 FIFA World Cup in France, starting on the right wing in the first two matches ahead of an out-of-sorts David Beckham. Hoddle later said in his World Cup Diary that he thought <mask> was equally as good as Beckham at crossing and was a better defender. Hoddle said he had waited 18 months to play Beckham and <mask> together on the right side of midfield. It finally happened as David Batty was dropped and the now-focused Beckham was recalled for the third game against Colombia and played inside of <mask>. <mask> and Beckham were the England

masks: Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton


texts: heroes as they both scored spectacular goals. In the second round against Argentina, England went on to lose on penalties.The following year <mask> won the League Cup with Tottenham, and signed a new reported £24,000-week contract in March. After being sidelined during Euro 2000 with an Achilles tendon injury, an extended run of fitness saw <mask> vying for a permanent place in the national team again. He played in England's 1–1 draw away to France in September 2000 and also featured against Italy the following November. In the summer of 2001 <mask> was heavily linked with a move to Liverpool but he remained at Tottenham and his good form for Glenn Hoddle's team during the early part of the 2001–02 season earned his first call-up to Sven-Göran Eriksson's England squad for a friendly against Sweden in November. <mask> was again selected by Eriksson for England's next game, a friendly against Holland, in February 2002. He would have started the game but was forced to withdraw through injury. One notable statistic about <mask>'s England career is that his last five caps were given to him by five different managers.These were: vs Czech Republic (18 November 1998) by Glenn Hoddle, vs France (10 February 1999) by Howard Wilkinson, vs France (2 September 2000) by Kevin Keegan, vs Italy (15 November 2000) by Peter Taylor and vs Sweden (10 November 2001) by Sven-Göran Eriksson. <mask> continued to struggle badly with injuries for the rest of that season, missing out on a World Cup place. That summer the new Leeds United boss Terry Venables tried to recruit <mask>, but he turned down the move out of loyalty to Tottenham. In the summer of 2003 Portsmouth and West Ham made attempts to sign him, but <mask> opted against a move. He made a bright start to the 2003/04 season, scoring against Tottenham's bitter rivals Arsenal. However

masks: Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton Anderton


texts:
 Hoddle was soon sacked and Spurs were in turmoil. <mask> remained at Tottenham until the summer of 2004.He was keen to remain at the club and was promised a new contract by David Pleat but the club, under the advice of incoming manager Jacques Santini, reneged. In all, he appeared in 364 games for Spurs, scoring 51 goals. Santini went on to last a grand total of 13 games at the club. <mask> has been promised a testimonial but this is yet to materialise. Birmingham City and Wolves
Birmingham City swooped to sign <mask> on a free transfer for the 2004–05 season. His best moment for the Blues was scoring the winner in the 1–0 victory over Liverpool at Anfield. <mask> left Birmingham on a free transfer after one year and reunited with Glenn Hoddle at Wolverhampton Wanderers, signing a one-year deal at the start of the 2005–06 season.He played 24 times for Wolves, scoring once in the league against Sheffield  Wednesday. He also scored in a 5–1 win over Chester City in the League Cup. His contract was not renewed at season's end. AFC Bournemouth
On 8 September 2006, <mask> joined League One club AFC Bournemouth on a 'pay-as-you-play' basis, scoring a spectacular 40-yard free kick on his first-team debut against Scunthorpe. On 10 February 2007, he scored his first career hat-trick against Leyton Orient. Following a pre-season friendly with Portsmouth in July 2007, Portsmouth boss Harry Redknapp heaped praise on <mask>, telling the Bournemouth Daily Echo: "In the right team and with the right players around him, I honestly think he could still be playing in the Premiership". At the start of the 2007/08 season, <mask> was named as the new Cherries club captain by manager Kevin Bond.<mask> spearheaded a survival bid at the end of the season, with the Cherries winning six of the seven last games, but, ultimately, a 1–1 draw with


texts:
 Carlisle on the final day saw Bournemouth relegated to League Two. Bournemouth were deducted 10 points earlier in the season for going into administration and had this not happened they would have finished in a respectable 15th. <mask> signed a new one-year contract with Bournemouth at the start of the 2008/09 season which would have taken him past his 37th birthday. However, on 4 December 2008, <mask> announced he would retire on 7 December 2008, one day after his last game for club against Chester City. In his last match, versus Chester, <mask> bowed out of football with a fairytale finish, as he scored the winning goal with a spectacular volley in the 88th minute after coming on as a substitute in the second half of the game. Personal life
Renowned as a player of huge potential, <mask>'s career was constantly frustrated by injury, earning him the nickname "Sicknote", which was coined by Portsmouth goalkeeper Andy Gosney. <mask> has worked as the in-studio analyst for Canadian network TSN's coverage of Euro 2012.He now resides in California and states that he has no desire to move into coaching. Career statistics

Club

International

Scores and results list England's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Anderton goal. Honours
Tottenham Hotspur
League Cup: 1998–99; runner-up: 2001–02

References

External links
<mask> player profile at wolves.co.uk

1972 births
Living people
English footballers
Footballers from Southampton
Association football wingers
England international footballers
England under-21 international footballers
England B international footballers
UEFA Euro 1996 players
Premier League players
English Football League players
Portsmouth F.C. players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. players
Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. players
AFC Bournemouth players
1998 FIFA World

masks:
Anderton
Anderton
Anderton
Anderton
Anderton
Darren Anderton


texts:
<mask> (born October 20, 1991) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Colorado Avalanche. <mask> was drafted by the Avalanche in the first-round 17th overall in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. With his career hampered by a long-term concussion, <mask> played within the Avalanche organization for four seasons and a combined total of only sixteen games before spending two years abroad in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) and Swedish Hockey League (SHL) to complete his playing career. Playing career

<mask> began his minor hockey career with the Stratford Minor Hockey Association, graduating in 2006-07 from the Stratford AA Midget Warriors of the Ontario Minor Hockey Association before he was selected 8th overall in the first round of the 2007 Ontario Hockey League draft by the Owen Sound Attack. In his first season with the Attack in 2007–08, <mask> impressively finished second on the team with 47 points in 63 games as the youngest on the team. In the 2008–09 he returned Owen Sound to the Playoffs leading the team in scoring with 37 goals, 44 assists for 81 points. Selected to play in the OHL All-Star Classic for the Western Team he was also voted at season's end as the Best Playmaker and Best Stickhandler in the OHL's Western Conference by the league's coaches.<mask> was limited to just 36 games in an injury plagued 2009–10 season. Despite missing two months due to a broken foot and MCL sprain he still managed to put better than point per game numbers with 40 and was awarded the Attack's Harold Sutherland Cup for top draft prospect, eligible for the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. With a fallen ranking of 55th by the NHL's Central Scouting Final grades, <mask> was surprisingly

masks:
Joey Hishon
Hishon
Hishon
Junior Hishon
Joey
Hishon
Hishon


texts:
 taken in the first round, 17th overall, by the Colorado Avalanche. He was the first Stratford minor hockey league player to be picked in the first round since Craig Hartsburg in 1979. <mask> was instrumental in helping the Attack to the J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL Champions. During the course of the 2010-11 OHL season, on March 13, 2011, <mask> was signed to a three-year entry level contract with the Avalanche. During the 2011 Memorial Cup, <mask> was struck by an illegal elbow blow to the head by Kootenay Ice defenceman (and Buffalo Sabres prospect) Brayden McNabb, which left <mask> with a concussion; Hishon missed the rest of the Memorial Cup and the entire 2011–12 hockey season with post-concussion syndrome.In part due to this hit, Hockey Canada redefined the rules to make clearer a zero-tolerance policy for head hits. Professional

Colorado Avalanche
<mask>'s recovery extended into the following 2012–13 season, before he was belatedly cleared for non-contact practice with the Avalanche's AHL affiliate, the Lake Erie Monsters, to begin the new year. <mask> was finally scheduled to make his long-awaited professional debut with the Monsters against the Toronto Marlies on March 19, 2013. It marked a return from his concussion just two months shy of two years. In his fifth game, <mask> scored his first professional goal in a multi-point effort against the Chicago Wolves on March 29, 2013. However, on April 12, in his ninth game and on his first shift against the Hamilton Bulldogs, <mask>'s season was ended after he suffered a second concussion received in a hit from behind by <mask>ute. With an early prognosis of a less severe concussion than previously endured, it was anticipated <mask> would recover in time to prepare for the

masks:
Hishon
Hishon
Hishon
Hishon
Hishon
Hishon
Hishon
Hishon
Joey Ten
Hishon


texts:
 following season.<mask> played for the majority of the 2013–14 season scoring 10 goals and 24 points despite missing 26 games due to injury. He was an emergency call-up during the first round of the 2014 Stanley Cup Playoffs, debuting in Game Four against the Minnesota Wild. At the end of the season, the Avalanche gave him a qualifying offer of $900,000, and he was reportedly signed to a one-year two-way contract paying $850,000 in the NHL. In the 2014–15 season, <mask> again played primarily for the Lake Erie Monsters in the AHL, playing 53 games and scoring 16 goals and 36 points. In March 2015, <mask> was called up to the Colorado Avalanche. He scored his first NHL goal on April 7, 2015 against goaltender Pekka Rinne of the Nashville Predators. In the summer of 2015, <mask> signed a one-year two-way contract paying $890,000 in the NHL.In the 2015–16 campaign, he made 62 appearances for Colorado's AHL affiliate, the San Antonio Rampage, unable to earn a recall to the NHL for the duration of the season. Europe
On May 2, 2016, as an impending restricted free agent with the Avalanche, <mask> opted to embark on a European career, signing two-year deal with Finnish club, Jokerit, who compete in the Kontinental Hockey League. In the 2016-17 season, <mask> struggled to adapt with Jokerit in the KHL, contributing while playing through injury with just 3 goals and 9 points in 48 games. In the off-season, <mask> was mutually released from the remaining year of his contract with Jokerit and subsequently signed a one-year deal with Swedish top-tier club, Luleå HF of the Swedish Hockey League on June 14, 2017. In the 2017–18 season, <mask> was unable to perform to his full capabilities through injury in recording 2 goals and 4 points in 22

masks: Hishon Hishon Hishon Hishon Hishon Hishon Hishon Hishon


texts:
 regular season games. As a free agent, <mask> opted to end his professional career, opting to return to the junior ranks as a scouting and skills development coach with former club, the Owen Sound Attack of the OHL, on July 20, 2018.

International play
<mask> made his international debut at the 2008 World U-17 Hockey Challenge. He scored 5 points in 6 games to help Team Ontario to a gold medal.In 2009, he was selected to represent Team Canada at the IIHF World U18 Championships and was the team's leading scorer with 5 goals and 10 points in a fourth-placed finish. During the 2010–11 season, <mask> was invited to take part in Canada's National Junior Team selection camp for the 2011 World Junior Championships in Buffalo, New York, before he was included among the first cuts of the camp. Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
Canadian ice hockey centres
Colorado Avalanche draft picks
Colorado Avalanche players
Jokerit players
Sportspeople from Stratford, Ontario
Lake Erie Monsters players
Luleå HF players
National Hockey League first round draft picks
Owen Sound Attack players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
San Antonio Rampage players
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Finland
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in

masks: Hishon Hishon Hishon


texts: Count <mask>ich <mask> (,  Grof Mihail Andrejević Miloradović;  – ), spelled Miloradovitch in contemporary English sources, was a  Russian general prominent during the Napoleonic Wars, who, on his father side, of paternal Vlach origin. He entered military service on the eve of the  Russo-Swedish War of 1788–1790 and his career advanced  rapidly during the reign (1796-1801) of Emperor Paul I. He served under Alexander Suvorov during  Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799. Miloradovich served in wars against France and Turkey, earning distinction in the Battle of Amstetten (1805), the capture of Bucharest (1806), the Battle of Borodino (September 1812), the Battle of Tarutino (October 1812) and the Battle of Vyazma (November 1812). He led the reserves into the Battle of Kulm (August 1813), the Battle of Leipzig (October 1813) and the Battle of Paris (1814). Miloradovich attained the rank of  General of the Infantry in 1809 and the title of count in 1813. His reputation as a daring battlefield commander (contemporaries called him "the Russian Murat" and "the Russian Bayard") rivalled that of his bitter personal enemy Pyotr Bagration, but Miloradovich also had a reputation for good luck.He boasted that he had fought fifty battles but had never been wounded nor even scratched by the enemy. By 1818, when <mask> was appointed Governor General of Saint Petersburg, the retirement or death of other senior generals made him the most highly-decorated active officer of the Russian army, holding the Order of St. George 2nd class, the Order of St. Andrew, the Order of St.

masks:
Mikhail Andreyev
Miloradovich
Miloradovich


texts:
 Vladimir 1st class, the Order of St. Anna 1st class, the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky with diamonds. A chivalrous man of boastful and flamboyant character, Miloradovich was a poor fit for the governorship. Vladimir Nabokov called him "a gallant soldier, bon vivant and a somewhat bizarre administrator"; Alexander Herzen wrote that he was "one of those military men who occupied the most senior positions in civilian life with not the slightest idea about public affairs". When news of the death of Alexander I reached Saint Petersburg, Miloradovich prevented the heir, the future Emperor  Nicholas I, from acceding to the throne. From  to , Miloradovich exercised de facto dictatorial authority, but he ultimately recognised Nicholas as his sovereign after the  Romanovs had sorted out their confusion over the succession. Miloradovich had sufficient evidence of the mounting Decembrist revolt, but did not take any action until the rebels took over the  Senate Square on .He rode into the rows of rebel troops and tried to talk them into obedience, but was fatally shot by Pyotr Kakhovsky and stabbed by Yevgeny Obolensky. Early years

<mask> was the son of Major General <mask> (1726–1798). The Miloradovichs descended from an Orthodox Serbian noble  family and a katun clan from Hum, in present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Russian branch of the Miloradovich family was established in 1715, when <mask> (the first) (Serbian Cyrillic: Михаило Милорадовић), one of three brothers recruited by Peter I to incite rebellion against the Turks

masks:
Mikhail Miloradovich
Andrei Miloradovich
Mikhail Miloradovich


texts:
 four years earlier, fled from Herzegovina to Russia and joined Peter's service as a colonel. He was a commander of the Hadiach Regiment. Towards the end of Peter's reign he was imprisoned in connection with Pavlo Polubotok's treason case, but was spared from further misfortune by Peter's death. His grandson Andrey served thirty years in the Russian Army and later moved into civil administration as the Governor of Little Russia and the Chernigov governorate.The family owned lands in the Poltava Governorate; <mask> inherited up to fifteen hundred serfs. <mask>'s father "enrolled" him in the military in his infancy, and later sent teenage <mask> to study military sciences in the universities of Königsberg and Göttingen, and in Strasbourg and Metz. According to Nikolai Leskov, the education was superficial: Leskov described <mask> as a boy of "charming ignorance" who did not even master the French language properly, and said that his French was littered with the "most grave and curious mistakes" (an anecdote credited him with blending pittoresque and synagogue into "pittagogue"). Sixteen-year-old <mask> returned to Russia in 1787, joined the army as a praporshchik (a junior commissioned officer rank) in the Izmaylovsky Regiment and was soon sent into action in the Russo-Swedish War of 1788–1790. Military career

Italian and Swiss campaigns

<mask> did not earn any distinction in the war of 1788–1790, but he advanced rapidly in peacetime. A captain of the Guards in 1796, Paul I regarded him favorably and he was promoted to the rank of colonel in 1797 and major

masks: Mikhail Mikhail Mikhail Mikhail Mikhail Miloradovich


texts:
 general and chief of the Apsheron Artillery Regiment in 1798. In the same year, he departed to join Alexander Suvorov's troops in Italy.He won Suvorov's unconditional trust for taking Lecco on the eve of the Battle of Cassano and for commanding the rearguard in the crossing of the Gotthard Pass. At Bassignana he changed three horses killed by the enemy but was not even scratched; at Altdorf he led assault infantry over a burning bridge. These and similar episodes, true or anecdotal, forged public opinion of <mask> as a daring and lucky field commander, an opinion that he himself cultivated for the rest of his life. <mask> was adored at home, but the French held a different opinion: Adolphe Thiers described Miloradovich as "a Servian , of brilliant valour, but absolutely destitute of military knowledge, dissolute in manners, uniting all the vices of civilization with all the vices of barbarism". Paul rewarded Miloradovich with the Order of St. Anne 1st class, the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky. Suvorov, in violation of military codes, transferred Miloradovich from field troops to his staff as a "general in waiting"; Paul later cited this fact as a pretext to dismiss Suvorov. Friendship between Miloradovich and Paul's second son Constantine also dated back to the Swiss campaign.Constantine awarded <mask> a gilded sword with an inscription To my friend <mask>, which Miloradovich had with him on the day of his death. Amstetten and Austerlitz

<mask> played a key role in the Battle of Amstetten, where <mask> ordered his three

masks:
Miloradovich
Miloradovich
Miloradovich
Miloradovich
Miloradovich
Mikhail Kutuzov


texts: regiments to take a stand and provide relief for Pyotr Bagration's troops. "Above all, skillful maneuvering of the Russian force, including timely arrival of Miloradovich and his intelligent application of the reserve forces at his disposal, prevented the collapse of the rear guard". The action at Amstetten allowed Kutuzov to break contact with the French and prevented an all-out battle that would have been disastrous for the Russians. Reports of the battle by <mask> himself contradict the French accounts and are not corroborated by Bagration's laconic report: each side presented their own perspective, and Miloradovich had a particular penchant for glorifying his own actions. His action at Amstetten was rewarded with the Order of St. George 3rd class and promotion to lieutenant general. On November 11, 1805 <mask> attacked the French in the Battle of Dürenstein (referred to as the Battle of Krems in Russian sources), but the French withdrew before his corps could inflict significant damage.The Battle of Austerlitz saw <mask> in charge of the Russian part of a Russian-Austrian infantry column (2,875 out of 11,795 men), one of the four columns placed on Pratzen Heights, which had been abandoned by the French. Another, a larger part of the column was under Austrian command; the close presence of Kutuzov somewhat mitigated the perils of divided command. Tsar Alexander ordered this column to move before others were deployed; Kutuzov, unable to oppose the tsar, ordered <mask> to advance across the Goldbach Stream to Kobylnice, disregarding enemy action and

masks: Miloradovich Miloradovich Miloradovich Miloradovich


texts:
 difficult terrain. Hills and fog obstructed the view, and the column marched straight into the bulk of the French armies. Soult's troops mauled the mixed column and Miloradovich retreated. Alexander summoned his brother Constantine for help (although an alternative account by Bowden and Duffy asserts that Miloradovich contacted Constantine himself). Contrary to the popular view that "he was almost the only Russian general who obtained an advantage over the French" at Austerlitz, General Karl Wilhelm von Toll contested <mask>'s actions, asserting that his column was the first to fall back and that it was Bagration, not <mask>, who saved the allied troops from annihilation.Russian-Turkish War

The war of 1806–1812 began with Russian occupation of Moldavia and Wallachia. After the Turks responded by taking Bucharest, Russian commander-in-chief Ivan Ivanovich Michelson dispatched <mask> to intervene. Miloradovich captured Bucharest on December 13 without significant resistance from the Turks and was rewarded with a golden sword with diamonds "For the taking of Bucharest". The Turks, manipulated by the French envoy Sébastiani, did not declare war until five days later. No large-scale action followed. In May 1807 <mask> tried to capture Giurgiu, but failed and fell back to Bucharest. On 2 June  1807, he redeemed himself by checking the Turkish advance at Obilești.The years 1808 and 1809 did not see any remarkable action either, but were marked by a dual intrigue among top Russian generals; at the top level, <mask> was in conflict with Alexander Prozorovsky, while

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 below them burned a feud between <mask> and Pyotr Bagration. Bagration temporarily succeeded Prozorovsky as commander-in-chief, but later both <mask> and Bagration lost their commands. At the beginning of 1810 Alexander recalled <mask> from front-line duty and tasked him with assembling a new army in Belarus. In April 1810 <mask> was appointed Governor of Kiev but soon tended his resignation. He was officially discharged in September 1810 but was called up for service in November, again, as Governor of Kiev. Napoleon's invasion of Russia

At the beginning of the 1812 campaign, <mask> was tasked with assembling and training volunteer militia troops in the hinterland; he returned to action on the eve of the Battle of Borodino with 14,600 militiamen. Kutuzov appointed Miloradovich commander of front-line forces of the right (northern) flank, comprising Baggovut's Second Infantry Corps and  Ostermann-Tolstoy's Fourth Infantry Corps.The battle plan required Miloradovich to protect the old Smolensk-Moscow road. On the day of the battle, , Kutuzov realised that enemy action was concentrated against his center and left flank and, at about 9 a.m., he ordered <mask> to march to the south and attack the French left flank. Riding in advance of his troops, <mask> was caught up in the heat of the battle for Semyonovskoe and, together with Barclay de Tolly, Yermolov and Rayevsky, sought refuge in the defences of the Fourth Division. Between 10 a.m. and 12 noon his troops took a stand in the center of the Russian line and held off French attacks, with Baggovut's corps seeing

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texts: critical action around noon, and Ostermann's corps around 4 p.m. By the end of the battle, the French succeeded in forcing the Russians from their defences, and <mask>'s troops fell back to the same Smolensk road from where they had started. Baggovut took a stand there and held the road until nightfall against ferocious attacks by Polish cavalry. After the battle, <mask> took command of the rearguard, sheltering Kutuzov's army from the advancing French. Enemy pressure prevented him from attending the Council in Fili that decided to surrender Moscow.Miloradovich, acting on behalf of Kutuzov, made a deal with Murat: if the French wanted Moscow intact, they had to allow Miloradovich free passage to the east, or face stubborn urban warfare. Hereford George wrote that "Murat apparently deemed it beneath his dignity to confer with a mere general" and that he left the talks to Sébastiani. According to Fyodor Glinka, however, Murat and Miloradovich negotiated directly with each other prior to the surrender of Moscow; Miloradovich contacted Sébastiani only after the French took Moscow and their cavalry engaged the Russian rear. Sébastiani honored the accord, called back the cavalry and allowed the safe retreat of two Russian regiments trapped between advancing French columns. Temporary loss of contact between Murat and the Russian rearguard allowed Kutuzov to make a westward turn: Murat kept on advancing south-east towards Bronnitsy while Kutuzov marched in the opposite direction. On , Kutuzov took defensive positions at Podolsk and dispatched Miloradovich to take

masks: Miloradovich Miloradovich


texts: position in front of the advancing French, 12 kilometers to the east. Four days later, Murat engaged Miloradovich and forced him to fall back to Krasnaya Pakhra (deliberately setting a trap, according to Glinka).<mask> barely escaped death or captivity when his headquarters were raided by French cavalry scouts on . On , <mask> successfully counterattacked Murat's corps at Chirikovo, taking one general de brigade prisoner. At this point, Kutuzov preferred to retreat further south; the main army marched to Tarutino, while <mask>, now having Ostermann-Tolstoy's corps under his command, retreated to a fallback position on the Chernishnya River, 8 kilometers north of Tarutino. Glinka wrote that from  to  Miloradovich was continuously fighting the French, including four significant battles, and lamented that few of his deeds reached the public eye: "He is not a hero of the Vedomosti, but a hero of history and of the future." During the standoff on the Chernishnya, <mask> had another person-to-person negotiation with Murat, while his own camp was filled with masses of French stragglers taken prisoner. Modern Russian historians criticized as indecisive his actions in the Battle of Tarutino (), when poor coordination of Russian columns met its match in poor discipline of the French camp, but to contemporaries like Glinka and William Cathcart the battle was a clear success. After the Battle of Maloyaroslavets, Russian troops split into three pursuit columns, led by <mask>, Matvey Platov and Kutuzov himself.Miloradovich marched directly on Vyazma, occupied by four

masks: Miloradovich Miloradovich Miloradovich Miloradovich Miloradovich


texts: French corps (Beauharnais, Davout, Ney, Poniatowski), while Platov closed in on it from the north. On  Miloradovich and Platov agreed to storm Vyazma. The Battle of Vyazma began at dawn of . <mask> quickly deployed front-line artillery that withstood Beauharnais's counterstrike and forced Davout's troops to take cover in the forest. Davout lost two hours taking a detour to reunite with Ney in Vyazma; at 2 p.m., when Miloradovich ordered a general assault, the French were already unable to resist. By 5 p.m. Miloradovich took control of the city, capturing French supply trains (but only three cannons). On  <mask>'s three corps, marching ahead of the retreating French, took position to the French rear near Krasny.<mask> began the three-day Battle of Krasnoi by capturing a large supply train and cutting Ney and Beauharnais off from Napoleon's army. The next day, Beauharnais exhausted his troops in a breakthrough and refused <mask>'s invitation to surrender; at night the decimated remains of his corps escaped through the woods. On  Ney made his own unsuccessful attempt to break through <mask>'s defences. <mask> again offered honorable surrender, but Ney arrested the messenger and expended his 10th and 11th divisions in a frontal assault. At night his forces of 3,000 men escaped over the frozen Dnieper, but only 800 made it to Orsha. <mask> missed the opportunity to intercept the French crossing of Berezina by two days. In December 1812, Alexander awarded <mask> the Order of St. George, 2nd class.In line with Kutuzov's December Plan, <mask> led a Russian vanguard

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 due west and took Warsaw on . Campaign of 1813-1814

The appointment of Peter Wittgenstein as commander-in-chief of the united Russian and Prussian armies provoked open hostility from his new subordinates and, at the same time, from his seniors: <mask>, Barclay de Tolly, Langeron, Platov and Tormasov. Tormasov refused to obey Wittgenstein altogether and left the army, while <mask> stayed and became the "official speaker" for the opposition. The conflict burned until the failures at Lutzen and Bautzen compelled Wittgenstein to resign his command. <mask>'s own record in May 1813 was mixed: at Lutzen his corps of 12,000 men arrived too late to influence the outcome. In the following week he covered the retreat to the Elbe. Thiers wrote that the French "made him pay dearly for his useless boast" (his resolve to defend a certain position).Cathcart praised his skillful rearguard action but noted that by May 12 his corps had shrunk to about 10,000. At Bautzen, <mask> managed to push Oudinot out of Tronberg, but the battle as a whole remained a French victory. <mask> and Constantine spent the remainder of the war, almost a year, in close cooperation and proximity as chiefs of infantry and cavalry reserves. In August 1813, after expiry of the Truce of Pläswitz, <mask> led the reserve force of 24,000 Guards and Grenadiers into Bohemia and Constantine followed him with 11,000 "splendid cavalry" and artillery. Together with Barclay's headquarters, they formed one of four allied columns that converged on Dresden but had not been brought into the action of the Battle of

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 Dresden. Three days later they were employed against Vandamme in the Battle of Kulm,  a "fortunate victory that conferred advantages beyond all calculations". On the eve of the Battle of Leipzig the forces of <mask> and Constantine, stationed near Margeborn, formed the reserve of the coalition army.In December 1813 they crossed the Rhine and headed into France. <mask>'s actions in 1813 were rewarded with the Order of St. Andrew, the title of count and the right to wear Alexander's insignia on his shoulder, the first such honor ever granted in Russia. <mask> concluded the campaign of 1814, his last one, in Paris. After General Gorchakov's infantry overran the French defensive artillery, <mask> was the one to bring in twenty howitzers and open fire at the city. Governor of Saint Petersburg

After the Treaty of Fontainebleau Alexander appointed Miloradovich commander of the Russian Imperial Guard; in 1818 <mask> became Governor of Saint Petersburg, assuming command of all the troops, police and civil administration of the imperial capital. He had the unconditional trust of Alexander, who could hardly have found a worse candidate for the job. As chief of police, <mask> controlled political surveillance and investigation in Saint Petersburg, but the events of 1825 demonstrated that he ultimately failed to respond to the real threat: he dismissed the evidence against the Decembrists, saying "It's all stuff; leave these young blockheads alone to read to each other their trash of miserable verses."His affection for the arts and his ex officio duty as a censor at the


texts: peak of the Golden Age of Russian Poetry resulted in frequent contacts with authors and actors, and, apart from his death and his actions during the disastrous flood of 1824, his administration was remembered largely through anecdotes and artists' memoirs of varying reliability. This was not uncommon for Russian commanders; Nikolay Raevsky said "They [the writers of his time] turned me into a Roman, Miloradovich into a great man, Wittgenstein into the saviour of the fatherland, and Kutuzov into Fabius. I am not a Roman, and neither are these gentlemen." Alexander Herzen who met Miloradovich in early childhood and fondly remembered him as a storyteller "with the greatest vivacity, with lively mimicry, with roars of laughter" ridiculed Miloradovich as an administrator yet called him "a warrior poet who understood poetry ... grand things are done by great means." Herzen's memoirs provide a number of anecdotes about Miloradovich the administrator (none of which could have been witnessed by the narrator). In 1820 Miloradovich interrogated Alexander Pushkin on suspicion of political propaganda. Pushkin's name had already become a blanket cover for all kinds of incendiary pamphlets and he was desperate to clear himself of dangerous misattributions.Pushkin said that he burned his "contraband poems" and recited some from memory. <mask> said "Ah, c'est chevaleresque", dismissed the charges and sent Pushkin on a well-paid tour of the south. Vladimir Nabokov noted that all of Pushkin's influential friends could not have saved him had it not been for Miloradovich's


texts:
 "amiable conduct of the whole affair". There was a rumor that Pushkin was flogged on orders of <mask>, who fought a duel with at least one person who repeated it. Author and publisher Nikolai Grech recounted another, less inspiring episode: in 1824 <mask> vigorously investigated an alleged breach of censorship rules at a printshop owned by Grech and Bezacque. Fifteen years earlier, when <mask> and Pyotr Bagration had a feud, Bezacque was Bagration's secretary and apparently became a lifelong enemy of Miloradovich. Grech easily refuted "factual evidence" and could have escaped unharmed, but <mask> brought his belated revenge down on Grech, inflicting on him a full police and court inquiry that dragged on until 1828.<mask> probably did not realise that the whole case was set up by Aleksey Arakcheyev and <mask> to unseat . The lifestyle of the "bizarre administrator" was just as bizarre. <mask> lived alone in a luxurious apartment "in complete disarray coupled with the most exquisite taste", without a single bedroom; "I spend the night where I feel like", he used to say. Family fortune and rewards from the tsar could not match his spending, and he sold off most of his lands and serfs. Posthumous sale of his remaining estate barely covered his debts. Theatre and sexuality

In 1821, theatre managers Apollon Maikov and Prince Alexander Shakhovskoy allegedly tried to manipulate Miloradovich to overthrow the stern and frugal director of imperial theatres, Prince Tyufyakin. <mask> lent them support and then himself "grabbed both the power and the purse strings";

masks:
Miloradovich
Miloradovich
Miloradovich
Miloradovich
Miloradovich
Mikhail Magnitsky
Miloradovich
Miloradovich


texts: <mask>, Maikov and Shakhovskoy became a "committee of three formidable officials" that governed the everyday life of the imperial theatres.The change coincided with rumours of Shakhovskoy's trafficking in actresses; the death of <mask> and the ascension of Nicholas I ended Shakhovskoy's career. The private life of <mask>, who never married and had no offspring, has been a controversial subject. Contemporaries condemned him for a desire "to create his own harem in the theatre school" that allegedly became a reality with the aid of Shakhovskoy and Maikov. According to these sources, <mask> "had a weakness for women" and regularly spent evenings in the company of Shakhovskoy and female trainees of his theatre school; the chosen favorites then enjoyed the general's benevolence after graduation. Catherine Shuler noted that the appetites of Miloradovich and other dignitaries could be the cause of high "traffic in women" on stage and that "the resemblance between serf actresses and imperial actresses is surely not coincidental". Alexandra Kolosova, in 1822, was the first actress to break the ring and flee to Paris; upon return to Saint Petersburg she sought protection from Alexander, but Miloradovich had her arrested for twenty-four hours for turning down "the most insignificant role" offered to her. Miloradovich had lead actor Vasily Karatygin arrested for similar insubordination; when the prisoner's mother pleaded for mercy, Miloradovich responded: "I only like comedy onstage.I've seen blood, madam, tears don't move me". Vladimir Bryukhanov suggested that <mask>


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 was homosexual, disregarding or dismissing evidence to the contrary, such as the memoirs of Nadezhda Durova. (Durova, disguised as a young man, was aide to Miloradovich in 1810 and later wrote about his affairs with women and their influence on the general's demeanor and on his relationships with subordinate officers.) The standard version of events holds that his last passion was ballerina Yekaterina Teleshova, who earlier had an affair with Alexander Griboyedov, a diplomat "too short of money to be a long-term rival to the general" (In 1825, Griboyedov wrote "... Miloradovich, that boastful idiot whom Shakhovskoy grovels to and idolises. They are both cattle."). Interregnum

In the summer of 1823, Alexander I issued a secret manifest excluding Constantine from the order of succession and making Nicholas heir presumptive to the throne. Historians argue as to whether or not Miloradovich had been formally made aware of Alexander's decision.Only three men – Aleksey Arakcheyev, Alexander Golitsyn, and Archbishop Filaret – definitely knew the contents and whereabouts of the manifest; neither Constantine nor Nicholas knew the whole story. On , when news of Alexander's death in Taganrog reached Saint Petersburg, <mask> bullied Nicholas into pledging allegiance to Constantine, who was then living in Warsaw as viceroy of Poland. Golitsyn arrived at the palace later and announced the terms of Alexander's manifest, but <mask> persuaded the State Council that Nicholas was aware of it and that his pledge of allegiance to Constantine was effectively an act of abdication.


texts:
 <mask> then sent a messenger to Moscow with two instructions: to pledge allegiance to Constantin and to keep the original of Alexander's manifest secret and locked away. Faced with the question, "What if Constantine holds to his resignation? ", <mask> allegedly responded, "When one has one hundred thousand bayonets in one's pocket, it is easy to speak with boldness". Correspondence between Saint Petersburg and Warsaw took two weeks, during which <mask> acted as de facto interrex and regularly assured Nicholas that "everything is quiet".Constantine firmly refused to reign and blessed his brother's accession to the throne, but for a while the hesitant Nicholas took no action. On the morning of , Nicholas received detailed reports of the brewing Decembrist revolt from Diebitsch and Chernyshov, and discussed the matter with <mask> and Golitsyn. According to Nicholas himself, the evidence was overwhelming. <mask> promised to mobilise all police resources but did nothing or, according to Korf, his "investigations remained completely fruitless. His researches had not discovered one person on whom suspicion could reasonably fall". The actions of <mask> during the interregnum were highly controversial and provoked fringe conspiracy theories placing him at the top of the Decembrist rebel ring. Mainstream historians provide different explanations of his motives, none of which supports the theory of "Decembrist Miloradovich":
 <mask> suggested that there were three contenders for the throne: Constantin, Nicholas and their mother Maria Fyodorovna.Miloradovich supported

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Miloradovich
Miloradovich
Miloradovich
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Mikhail Safonov


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 Maria but in public he aligned with Constantine and later with Nicholas. A similar version has been fictionalised by Igor Bunich. Yakov Gordin suggested that <mask> acted as an independent dictator, using Constantine merely as a front. Andreeva supports a toned-down variation of Gordin's suggestion: that, regardless of Alexander's manifest, Miloradovich acted in good faith, supporting what he thought was the legitimate solution to a crisis. Revolt and death

At 8 p.m. on , Nicholas declared himself emperor; at 7 a.m. the next morning, along with all senior statesmen present in Saint Petersburg, Miloradovich pledged his loyalty to Nicholas (Korf suggested that Miloradovich recognised Nicholas as early as ). Once again Miloradovich assured Nicholas that the city was "perfectly tranquil"; Alexander von Benckendorff other witnesses wrote that he was in his usual boastful, optimistic mood. Three hours later when <mask> enjoyed breakfast with Teleshova, general Neidhardt reported to Nicholas that the troops were marching towards the palace "in absolute mutiny".At about noon on  <mask>, whom nobody had seen since the morning, reported to Nicholas on Palace Square. Witnesses disagree on whether he was mounted or on foot, but all accounts point to his extraordinary excitement and loss of self-control. According to Nicholas, Miloradovich told him: "Сеlа va mаl; ils marchent au Sénat, mais je vais leur раrlеr" (French: "That is bad; they are marching toward the Senate, but I will talk to them"). Nicholas coldly responded that Miloradovich must do his duty as the

masks: Miloradovich Miloradovich Miloradovich


texts: military governor and calm his troops down. Miloradovich saluted, turned around, and headed to the barracks of the Mounted Guards. General Orlov of the Mounted Guards pleaded with Miloradovich to stay with the loyal troops but Miloradovich refused to take cover, mounted a horse and rode out to the rows of rebel troops, accompanied either by two aides or only by Bashutsky on foot. Miloradovich harangued the soldiers for obedience, showing Constantine's sword "to prove that he would have been incapable of betraying him".Safonov pointed out that, instead of executing the tsar's order to lead the Mounted Guards against the rebels, <mask> "disobeyed it in a most incredible way ... by going into the action alone." Between 12:20 and 12:30 Pyotr Kakhovsky shot Miloradovich point-blank in the back; "the bullet travelling up from below, from the back to the chest, tore the diaphragm, broke through all the parts and stopped beneath the right nipple". When Miloradovich slumped from his horse to the ground, Yevgeny Obolensky stabbed him with a bayonet. <mask> was taken to a nearby house, but by the time the surgeons arrived on the scene the marauders had stripped Miloradovich of his clothes, medals and jewelry. Medics removed the bullet (it was later delivered to Nicholas); Miloradovich remained conscious and dictated his last will in a letter to the tsar. There were three requests: to send His Majesty's regards to his relatives, to grant liberty to his serfs, and to "not forget the old Maikov". <mask> died around 3 a.m. on .After six days of lying in state, he was buried


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 with honors at the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. The investigation of the Decembrist revolt led to the hanging of Kakhovsky and four of his ringleaders; it did not reveal any illicit connection between the Decembrists and Miloradovich. The second killer, Obolensky, was stripped of his princely title and exiled to Siberia for thirty years. Nobility
The Miloradović noble family is listed in the nobility of the Russian Empire. See also
 Andrei Miloradovich
 <mask>ovich Kaptzevich
 Nikolay Vuich
 Peter Ivanovich Ivelich
 Ivan Shevich
 Avram Ratkov
 Ivan Adamovich
 Nikolay Bogdanov
 Nikolay Depreradovich
 Ivan Lukačević (soldier)
 Jovan Šević
 Jovan Albanez
 Simeon Piščević
 Anto Gvozdenović
 Semyon Zorich
 Peter Tekeli
 Georgi Emmanuel
 Dejan Subotić
 Fedor Yakovlevich Mirkovich
 Marko Ivelich
 Rajko Depreradović

Notes

Further reading

 Andreeva, T. V. (1998, in Russian). Imperator Nikolai Pavlovich i graf M. A. Miloradovich (Император Николай Павлович и граф М. А. Милорадович). СПБ: Философский век, выпуск 6 (The Philosophical Age.Almanac 6. Russia at the Time of Nicholas I: Science, Politics, Enlightenment. Ed. by T. Khartanovich, M. Mikeshin. St. Petersburg, 1998. 304 p.). Bezotnosny, V. M. et al.(2004, in Russian). Otechestvennaya voina 1812 goda. Encyclopedia (Отечественная война 1812 года. Энциклопедия). Moscow: Rosspan. .
 Bethea, David M. (2005). The Pushkin Handbook. University of Wisconsin Press., . Browning, Oscar (2008 reprint). A History of the Modern World 1815-1910. Read Books (reprint). , . Castle, Ian; Hook, Christa (2002). ‘’Austerlitz 1805: the


texts: fate of empires’’.Osprey. , . William Cathcart (1850). Commentaries on the War in Russia and Germany in 1812 and 1813. London: J. Murray. Reissue: . Cust, Edward (1863).‘’Annals of the wars of the nineteenth century, Volume 4’’. London: John Murray. Durova, Nadezhda; Zinn, Mary (translator) (1989 edition). ‘’The Cavalry Maiden: Journals of a Russian Officer in the Napoleonic Wars’’. Indiana University Press. , . George, Hereford B.(2002 reissue). Napoleon's Invasion of Russia. Janus Publishing Company Lim. , . Originally published in 1899. Grech, Nikolai (2000 edition, in Russian). Zapiski o moei zhizni (Записки о моей жизни).Moscow: Zakharov. Freer, Allan (1846). Russian under Nicholas. North British Review, volume 5. Edinburgh: W. P. Kennedy. Glinka, Fyodor (1870, in Russian). Pisma russkogo ofitsera (Письма русского офицера).Moscow. Glinka, Fyodor (1814, in Russian). Podvigi grafa Miloradovicha (Подвиги графа Милорадовича). Moscow. Herzen, Alexander; McDonald, Dwight (editor) (1982). My past and thoughts: the memoirs of Alexander Herzen. University of California Press., . Kagan, Frederick (2007). The End of the Old Order: Napoleon and Europe, 1801-1805. Da Capo Press. , . Kelly, Laurence (2006). Diplomacy and Murder in Tehran: Alexander Griboyedov and Imperial Russia's Mission to the Shah of Persia.Tauris Parke Paperbacks. , . Korf, M. A. (1857). The accession of Nicholas I. London: John Murray. Leskov, Nikolay (2003 edition, in Russian). <mask> Andreevich Miloradovich (Граф Михаил Андреевич Милорадович), in: Desyatnikov, V. A.(editor) (2003, in Russian).


texts: Blistatelny Sankt-Peterburg (Блистательный Санкт-Петербург). Olma Media Group, , . pp. 448–453. Originally published in 1869. Lotman, Jurij; Ouspensky, Boris (1990, in French).Sémiotique de la culture russe: études sur l'histoire. L’Age du Homme. , 9782825100172. <mask>, G. A. (1871, in Russian). O rodine dvoryan i grafa Miloradovicha. First edition: Kiev.Nabokov, Vladimir (1990 reprint). Eugene Onegin: A Novel in Verse: Commentary. Princeton University Press. , . Nicholas I (1848, Russian translation from French). Memoirs of Nicholas I (in Russian). Schnitzler, Johann (1847).Secret history of the court and government of Russia under the emperors Alexander and Nicholas. London: Richard Bentley. Schuler, Catherine (2009). Theatre and identity in imperial Russia. University of Iowa Press. , . Safonov, M. M. (1994, in Russian).K istorii mezhdutsarstviya (К истории междуцарстия). Proceedings of the Mavrodinskie conference 10–12 December 1994, Saint Petersburg (Мавродинские чтения: материалы к докладам 10-12 октября 1994 г., Санкт-Петербург). Saint Petersburg University. Safonov, M. M. (2001, in Russian). Pochemy Suvorov popal v nemilost (Почему Суворов попал в немилость). Rodina magazine, no. 12, 2001.Sapozhnikov, A. I. (2008, in Russian). Neopublikovannaya Istoria kampanii 1812 goda A. I. Mihailovskogo-Danilevskogo (Неопубликованная «История кампании 1812 года» А.И. Михайловского-Данилевского). Schultz, C. C. (2004). . Taleon Club Magazine, 2004 no. 8. Retrieved 2011-07-16.Archived from the original on 2006-01-12. Thiers, Adolphe (1865). History of the consulate


texts:
 and the empire of France under Napoleon, Volume 2. London: Lippincott. Thiers, Adolphe (1864). History of the consulate and the empire of France under Napoleon, Volume 4. London: Lippincott.Treasure, Geoffrey (1985). The making of modern Europe, 1648-1780. Routledge. , . 1771 births
1825 deaths
People from Saint Petersburg
People from Saint Petersburg Governorate
Imperial Russian Army generals
People of the Russian Empire of Serbian descent
Russian people of Serbian descent
Knights Hospitaller
Members of the State Council (Russian Empire)
Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Second Degree
Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 1st class
Knights of the Order of St John
Russian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
Russian nobility
Governors-General of Kiev
Burials at the Dukhovskaya


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<mask> (August 8, 1891 - February 15, 1974) was an American political activist and labor attorney. He is best remembered as the General Counsel of the United Auto Workers Union from 1937 to 1946. Early years

<mask> was born August 12, 1891 in Brimley, Michigan (now Superior Township), the son of ethnic Jewish parents who had emigrated to America from Lithuania, which was then part of the Russian empire. <mask>'s father, <mask>, worked as a storekeeper, selling general provisions. <mask>'s parents were not politically radical, with his father a staunch supporter of populist Democrat William Jennings Bryan in the 1890s. <mask> eventually joined the Socialist Party of America in 1918, but it was under the influence of his son, not vice versa, as in the more typical case of so-called "red diaper babies." Growing up in Brimley, <mask> was exposed to the culture of a variety of nationalities, as a large number of immigrants from French Canada, Sweden, Finland, and Germany were employed in the dominant timber industry of Michigan's Upper Peninsula.The cultural diversity left its mark upon him, his biographer notes:

"While <mask> would retain a Jewish identity, growing up in a largely non-Jewish environment created in him a strong melting-pot outlook. But his family associated mainly with fellow immigrants of non-English backgrounds and hence did not seek assimilation in an 'Anglo-conformity' manner... They therefore put a premium on interethnic ties through which they built their identities as Americans." In the summer of 1900, the <mask> family moved to Detroit, the bustling metropolis on Michigan's eastern shore. The city was in the cusp of an enormous economic boom based around the emerging automobile industry, which would expand from 7200 workers in the city in 1908 to over 100,000 just eight years later. The city boasted a large immigrant population, including many who had left poverty and repression in the Russian empire; some 88 percent of all Russian immigrants in Detroit were Jews. The reason for the <mask>s' move was not cultural, however,

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Maurice Sugar
Maurice Sugar
Maurice
Kalman Sugar
Maurice
Kalman Sugar
Sugar
Sugar
Sugar
Sugar


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 but related to the belief of his parents that <mask> and his sister and brothers were being poorly educated in Brimley.The family store was left in the hands of one of <mask>'s brothers, while <mask>'s father invested in a Detroit clothing store. Brimley was in a state of economic decline, however, with the International Paper Company pulling up stakes on its Brimley facility in 1903 and a recession hitting the country in 1906. In an effort to save the floundering family store in Brimley, the <mask>s returned in 1906. <mask> was sent with his brothers to Sault Ste. Marie to attend high school. In September 1910, <mask> enrolled at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, studying law. Michigan was chosen for economic reasons: as a state-run school its tuition rate was more affordable than other more prestigious private universities.The school had a 3-year program in law at the time; <mask> completed his course work on schedule, graduating in 1913 with his Bachelor of Laws degree. While at college, <mask> had met a red-headed tomboy from Grand Rapids, Jane Mayer. Mayer, the socialist daughter of socialists, and <mask> became close, both emotionally and politically, with the pair joining the University of Michigan chapter of the Intercollegiate Socialist Society together. The couple would marry in April 1914. Early career

<mask> apparently joined the Socialist Party of America (SPA) in 1912 and idolized the party's Presidential candidate, Eugene V. Debs. He read socialist literature prolifically and was particularly influenced by the philosophical writings of Joseph Dietzgen as well as the historical studies of Gustavus Myers and Charles Edward Russell. Following his 1914 marriage, <mask> became increasingly active in the Socialist Party of Michigan, state affiliate of the SPA.He attended the weekly meetings of Local Detroit Socialist Party, which at the time had a membership approaching 2,000. <mask>'s verbal skills and mastery of Robert's Rules of Order made him an ideal meeting chairman and his mainstream "Regular" party views made him for

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 some an attractive alternative to the radical "impossibilist" Detroit shoe store owner John Keracher. <mask> gained an additional following on the basis of his measured public lectures on a wide range of social, economic, and political themes. By 1916 both <mask> and his wife Jane Mayer had become recognized leaders in the local and state Socialist Party. In 1916, <mask> ran for public office for the first time, standing as the SPA's candidate for District Attorney in Wayne County. <mask> won more votes than any other candidate on the Socialist ticket in the county, accumulating 3,681 votes — more even than Socialist Presidential candidate Allan L. Benson, who received 3,236 votes. <mask>'s role as a prominent local as a critic of capitalist excess and advocate for the socialist cause brought him to the attention of the Detroit local of the International Typographical Union (ITU), which was seeking more energetic courtroom representation than their current attorney had been providing.Embroiled in a strike and in the need of legal services, ITU Local 18 hired the young <mask> as its new permanent attorney — his first serious client. The experience he gained in the ITU's strike gave him publicity and access to other unions. While up to that time only a few attorneys had made "labor law" their specialty, such as Morris Hillquit and Louis Waldman in New York, <mask> soon decided to make the law as it related to trade unions a professional specialty. In 1917, <mask> was a delegate to the 1917 Emergency National Convention of the Socialist Party, held in St. Louis. There he was elected to the convention's Ways and Means Committee and voted in favor of the party's controversial anti-militarist manifesto. Conscription issue

With American entry into World War I, the main fight for the Socialist Party in Detroit and across the country became the battle against the war and military conscription. Immediately after the declaration of war, a bill calling for a military draft had been introduced in Congress, which was passed and signed into law by President

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