texts: The Catholic question had come to the fore, and when a powerful section of the Whigs joined Pitt's ministry in 1794, Lord Fitzwilliam, who shared <mask>'s views, was appointed Viceroy, expectations for further Catholic relief were raised. That may have been Pitt's intention, but it is not clear how far Lord Fitzwilliam had been authorised to pledge the government. Fitzwilliam privately asked <mask> to propose a Bill for Catholic emancipation, promising British government support. It appeared, however that the Viceroy had either misunderstood or exceeded his instructions; on 19 February 1795, Fitzwilliam was recalled. In the outburst of indignation, followed by increasing disaffection which this produced in Ireland, Grattan acted with conspicuous moderation and loyalty.This won him warm acknowledgments from a member of the British cabinet. That cabinet, however, doubtless influenced by the wishes of the King, to whom Emancipation was anathema, was now determined to firmly resist the Catholic demands, with the result that Ireland rapidly drifted towards rebellion. <mask> warned the government in a series of masterly speeches of the lawless condition to which Ireland had been driven. He could now count on no more than 40 followers in the Irish House of Commons, and his words were unheeded. In protest he retired from parliament in May 1797, and departed from his customary moderation by attacking the government in his 24-page Letter to the Citizens of Dublin, in which he said it was now "absolutely necessary to reform the state" as the people no longer had confidence in parliament.


type: original

texts:
 Rebellion and Union

At this time antipathy towards the Anglican elite in Ireland was such that people of different faiths were ready to combine for common political objects. Thus the Presbyterians of the north, who were mainly republican in sentiment, combined with a section of the Roman Catholics to form the United Irishmen organisation, promoting revolutionary ideas imported from France; and a party prepared to welcome a French invasion soon came into existence.Thus stimulated, the increasing disaffection culminated in the 1798 rebellion. The Presbyterian-Catholic rebellion in Ulster was accompanied by outbreaks elsewhere, notably in County Wexford. <mask> was cruelly lampooned by James Gillray as a rebel leader for his liberal views and his stance against a political union with the Kingdom of Great Britain. Almost immediately, the project of a legislative union between the British and Irish parliaments, which had been from time to time discussed since the beginning of the 18th century, was taken up in earnest by Pitt's government. <mask> fiercely denounced the scheme. The constitution of <mask>'s parliament offered no security, as the differences over the regency question had made evident that in matters of imperial interest the policy of the Irish parliament and that of Great Britain would be in agreement. At a moment when Britain was engaged in a life-and-death struggle with France, it was impossible for the ministry to ignore the danger, recently emphasised by the fact that the independent constitution of 1782 offered no safeguard against armed revolt.Sectarian violence

masks: Grattan Grattan Grattan


texts: during the rebellion put an end to the growing reconciliation between Roman Catholics and Presbyterians, and the island divided anew into two hostile factions. It was from the Anglican established church, and particularly from the Orangemen, that the bitterest opposition to the union proceeded. The proposal found support among the Roman Catholic clergy and especially the bishops, while in no part of Ireland was it received with more favour than in the city of Cork. This attitude of the Catholics was caused by Pitt's encouragement of the expectation that Catholic emancipation, the commutation of tithes, and the endowment of the Catholic priesthood, would accompany or quickly follow the passing of the measure. When in 1799, the government brought forward its bill it was defeated in the Irish House of Commons. <mask> was still in retirement. His popularity had declined, and the fact that his proposals for parliamentary reform and Catholic emancipation had become the watchwords of the United Irishmen had brought him the bitter hostility of the governing classes.He was dismissed from the Privy Council; his portrait was removed from the hall of Trinity College; the Merchant Guild of Dublin struck his name off their rolls. The threatened destruction of the constitution of 1782 quickly restored its author to his former place in the affections of the Irish people. The parliamentary recess had been employed by the government in securing by lavish corruption a majority in favour of their policy. On 15 January 1800, the Irish Parliament met for its last session; on the same day Grattan


texts:
 secured by purchase a seat for Wicklow Borough; and at a late hour, while the debate was proceeding, he appeared to take his seat, and was cheered from the galleries. <mask>'s strength gave way when he rose to speak, and he obtained leave to address the House sitting. Nevertheless, his speech was a superb effort of oratory; for more than two hours he kept them spellbound. After prolonged debates <mask>, on 26 May, spoke finally against the committal of the bill, ending with an impassioned peroration in which he declared, "I will remain anchored here with fidelity to the fortunes of my country, faithful to her freedom, faithful to her fall."These were the last words spoken by <mask> in the Irish Parliament. The bill establishing the union was carried through its final stages by substantial majorities. One of <mask>'s main grounds of opposition to the union had been his dread of seeing the political leadership in Ireland pass out of the hands of the landed gentry; and he prophesied that the time would come when Ireland would send to the united parliament a hundred of the greatest rascals in the kingdom. Like Flood before him, Grattan had no leaning towards democracy; and he anticipated that by the removal of the centre of political interest from Ireland the evil of absenteeism would be intensified. In the Parliament of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
For the next five years, Grattan took no active part in public affairs; it was not again until 1805, that he became a Member of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Malton. He modestly took his seat on one of the

masks: Grattan Grattan Grattan Grattan


texts: back benches, till Fox brought him forward, exclaiming, "This is no place for the Irish Demosthenes!" His first speech was on the Catholic question and all agreed with the description of his speech by the Annual Register as one of the most brilliant and eloquent ever made within the walls of parliament.When Fox and William Grenville came into power in 1806 <mask>, who sat at this time for Dublin City, was offered, but refused to accept, an office in the government. In the following year he showed the strength of his judgment and character by supporting, in spite of consequent unpopularity in Ireland, a measure for increasing the powers of the executive to deal with Irish disorder. Roman Catholic emancipation, which he continued to advocate with unflagging energy, though now advanced in age, became complicated after 1808 by the question whether a veto on the appointment of Roman Catholic bishops should rest with the crown. Grattan supported the veto, but a more radical Catholic party was now arising in Ireland under the leadership of Daniel O'Connell, and <mask>'s influence gradually declined. He seldom spoke in Parliament after 1810, the most notable exception being in 1815, when he separated himself from the Whigs and supported the final struggle against Napoléon. His last speech of all, in 1819, contained a passage referring to the Union he had so passionately resisted, which exhibits the statesmanship, and at the same time the equable quality, of <mask>'s character. His sentiments with regard to the policy of the Union remained, he said, unchanged; but the marriage, having


texts:
 taken place, it is now the duty, as it ought to be the inclination, of every individual to render it as fruitful, as profitable and as advantageous as possible.Death and legacy

In the following summer, after crossing from Ireland to Britain when in poor health to bring forward the Irish question once more, he became seriously ill. On his death-bed he spoke generously of Castlereagh, and with warm eulogy of his former rival, Flood. He died at his home in Portman Square on 4 June 1820, and was buried in Westminster Abbey close to the tombs of Pitt and Fox. His statue is in St Stephen's Hall in the Palace of Westminster. Sydney Smith said of <mask> soon after his death: "No government ever dismayed him. The world could not bribe him. He thought only of Ireland; lived for no other object; dedicated to her his beautiful fancy, his elegant wit, his manly courage, and all the splendour of his astonishing eloquence." The building housing the faculty of Law and Government at Dublin City University has been named in his honour.Grattan Bridge crossing the river Liffey between Parliament Street on the south side of Dublin and Capel Street on the north side is also named in his honour. Family
Grattan's father was <mask> (d. 1766), a Recorder and then MP for Dublin City, who married a daughter of Thomas Marlay, Mary. Grattan married Henrietta Fitzgerald in 1782, the daughter of Nicholas Fitzgerald of County Mayo (d. 1761), a son of Thomas FitzGerald of Turlough, County Mayo and Elizabeth Browne. Henrietta's mother Margaret was the daughter of James Stephenson and Ann Price. Grattan's

masks:
Grattan
James Grattan


texts:
 in-laws' history gave him a sensitivity to former Irish political difficulties, as Henrietta's Cavalier great-grandfather John Fitzgerald was transplanted from Gorteens Castle in County Kilkenny to Mayo in 1653 under the Cromwellian Settlement, and his son Thomas felt it necessary to conform to the Church of Ireland in 1717. The Grattans had two sons and two daughters. The sons were <mask> of Tinnehinch, MP for County Wicklow, and <mask> (junior) of Moyrath, MP for Dublin City and then for County Meath.His daughter Mary Anne married first John Blachford (1771‐1832), and secondly Thomas Dalzell, 7th Earl of Carnwath, dying in 1853. Harriet (d.1865) married the Revd Wake of Courteenhall. Bibliography

 Gwynn, Stephen. <mask> and his times (Greenwood Press, 1971)
 Kelly J.  <mask>  (1993) Dundalgan Press
 Lecky, William Edward Hartpole. History of Ireland in the Eighteenth Century (6 vol. 1892)
vol 2, 1760–1789
vol 3, 1790–96
vol 4, 1796–98
vol 5, 1798–1801
vol 6, international affairs of 1790s
 Lee, J. "Grattan's Parliament'."in Brian Farrell, ed., The Irish Parliamentary Tradition (Dublin, 1973) pp: 149+
 McDowell R.B. Grattan A Life (2001) Lilliput Press
 McHugh, Roger Joseph. <mask> (Talbot Press, 1936). Mansergh D.  <mask>'s failure Parliamentary Opposition and the People in Ireland (2005 Irish Academic Press); Review of <mask>'s Failure
 O'Brien, Gerard. "The Grattan Mystique." Eighteenth-Century Ireland/Iris an dá chultúr (1986): 177–194. in JSTOR

Primary sources
 <mask>, <mask>, ed.The Speeches of the Right Honourable <mask>: In the Irish, and in the Imperial Parliament

masks:
James Grattan
Henry Grattan
Henry Grattan
Henry Grattan
Henry Grattan
Grattan
Grattan
Grattan
Henry
Henry Grattan


texts:
 (1822) online
<mask>'s Speeches (ed by H<mask>, junr., 1822);
<mask> jnr. Memoirs of the Life and Times of the Right Hon. H. <mask> Vol. 1 Vol.2(5 vols., London, 1839–1846);

References

External links

 Chapter on <mask> in The Story of Ireland, by Emily Lawless, 1896
 1782 Caricature of <mask> by James Gillray

1746 births
1820 deaths
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
Irish Anglicans
Irish MPs 1769–1776
Irish MPs 1776–1783
Irish MPs 1783–1790
Irish MPs 1790–1797
Irish MPs 1798–1800
Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Armagh constituencies
Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Dublin constituencies
Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Wicklow constituencies
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UK MPs 1802–1806
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UK MPs 1812–1818
UK MPs 1818–1820
Whig (British political party) MPs for English constituencies
Whig (British political party) MPs for Irish constituencies
Alumni of King's Inns
Burials at Westminster

masks:
Grattan
. Grattan
Henry Grattan
Grattan
Henry Grattan
Henry Grattan


texts:
<mask>s (died 1398) – written alternatively as Frylquhous, Kylquos, and a variety of other forms – was a Scottish churchman and prelate active in the second half of the 14th century. He is known to have held senior positions in three bishoprics, and senior offices in two, before being elected and appointed Bishop of Ross in 1371. Though his episcopate is relatively obscure, he seems to have spent almost all of it inside or around his province, was closely associated with William III and Euphemia I, successive rulers of Ross, and was an associate of the famous <mask>, Bishop of Moray, during the latter's struggle with <mask>, the son of the King later known by the nickname "Wolf of Badenoch". Early life
He may take his name from Kilwhiss near Auchtermuchty in Fife. His family is obscure, but it is known that during his time as Bishop of Ross, probably in the 1390s, he brought one <mask>s – clearly a relative – into his diocese, as the Subdean. <mask> was certainly born in or more likely a good period before the year 1326, because he is known to have been a priest in 1350, the minimum age for which was 24 years old. Kylwos' first appearance in history occurred on 30 April 1350, when he added his seal to a charter of William III, Earl of Ross; here he is the elect Dean of the Ross.On this date <mask> was styled "Master", indicating that he had already completed many years of university education, though when and where is

masks:
Alexander de Kylwo
Alexander Bur
Alexander Stewart
John de Kylwo
Alexander
Alexander


texts: a mystery. The papal confirmation for his election to the deanery, dated 9 September, indicates that he had previously been the Chancellor of the diocese of Ross; it is not known how long he had held the chancellorship of the diocese, and unfortunately no previous chancellor can be traced later than 1333. <mask>'s next appearance is on 18 September 1357, at Rosemarkie, when he was appointed as the proctor of the Ross cathedral chapter responsible for ensuring the payment of their contribution to the ransom of King David II of Scotland. At some point between June 1361 and August 1362 he is found fulfilling some arrears to King David's Chamberlain on account of the ransom. On 13 December 1366, he was attending a statute-passing meeting of the chapter of Aberdeen Cathedral, and here it becomes known that he held a canonry and prebend in the diocese of Aberdeen. He attended the parliament at Scone on 27 September 1367, as proctor of <mask>, Bishop of Ross, and remained behind as part of a small representative committee elected to finish off some parliamentary business. By December 1368, he was the papal chamber's sub-collector in Scotland, deputising to <mask> Greenlaw, Archdeacon of St Andrews.On 7 December 1368 he was provided as Dean of Moray, and instructed to resign the deanery of Ross and his Aberdeen canonry upon obtaining possession. For some reason, perhaps because of administrative confusion, on 11 December the

masks:
Alexander
Alexander Stewart
William de


texts:
 papacy also provided one <mask> Harcars to the deanery of Moray, but it is Kylwos alone who obtained possession, being found in such by 19 December 1370. Bishop of Ross
On 9 May 1371, <mask> was given papal provision to the bishopric of Ross following the death of Bishop <mask>. <mask> is found to have been alive for the last time on 4 February though the date of his death afterwards in not known. The letter of provision by Pope Gregory IX was addressed to Kylwos as "elect of Ross", and describes how following Bishop Stewart's wish the chapter of Ross had elected Kylwos in ignorance of the pope's previous reservation of the see; the election was declared void, but on account of the chapter's expressed will he nevertheless provided Kylwos to the see. It is probable that he did travel to Avignon to obtain this confirmation of his election and to receive consecration, as no Bishop of Ross was available to attend the coronation of Robert II at Scone and following parliament on 27 March. He is first known to have been a consecrated bishop on 6 March 1372, though no document records the date on which his consecration took place.A promise of his "services" was made on 22 May 1371, part of which were paid through <mask> Greenlaw, acting as proctor, on 2 September 1372; another part was paid on 15 April 1374, this time through <mask> Tyninghame, future Bishop of Aberdeen. Kylwos was back in Scotland in 1372, attending Robert

masks:
Thomas de
Alexander
Alexander Stewart
Alexander Steward
William de
Adam de


texts: II's Scone parliament of 6 March, and then the Scone parliament of 3/4 April 1373. Kylwos was afterwards very little involved in national affairs, largely confining himself to activities which concerned Ross and his diocese there; thus, despite being bishop for a quarter of a century, documentation of his episcopate is weak. He is found witnessing a Moray Registrum charter at Nigg on 21 October 1375. A papal mandate of 3 October 1379 mentions a dispute between Bishop <mask> and one of his canons, <mask> Carralle, authorising the dispute to be settled by the Bishop of Moray. The dispute also involved the Bishop of St Andrews, <mask> Landallis, two priests, and two laymen from the diocese of St Andrews and the diocese of Brechin; the dispute involved revenues from the prebend of Colyroden (i.e. Cullicudden) in Ross and the church of Mockard (i.e.Muckhart) in St Andrews dioceses, though the exact details at issue are not revealed. He witnessed a charter of Euphemia I, Countess of Ross and her husband Walter Leslie at Tain on 26 November 1380, another at Elgin on 18 August 1381, and yet another at Dingwall in March 1382. On 7 February 1382, he was at Montrose in Angus and is recorded, along with <mask>, Bishop of Moray, adding his seal to a document which transferred the lands of Abernethy, Strathspey, into the hands of <mask>, Lord of Badenoch and Earl of Buchan. He is found again over seven years later, at Inverness, on

masks:
Alexander
John de
William de
Alexander Bur
Alexander Stewart


texts:
 27 October 1389, witnessing a settlement between <mask> and the titular Earl of Moray, <mask> Dunbar. He is found once more with <mask>, on 2 November that year, commanding <mask>, Earl of Buchan, to take back Euphemia, to whom Stewart had been nominally married. He was at Scone on 2 December 1390, on Bur's behalf demanding that King Robert III deliver justice after Buchan had burned down Elgin Cathedral, the seat of Bur's Moray bishopric. The remainder of Kylwos' last decade as Bishop of Ross is obscure.He is mentioned in a papal mandate, dated 31 March 1396, in relation to his grant of the subdeanery to <mask> Kylwos. According to the Calendar of Fearn, he died on 6 July 1398. The bishopric of Ross was said to have been reserved, once again, as a papal benefice during Kylwos' episcopate. See also

Notes

References
 Burns, Charles (ed. ), Papal Letters to Scotland of Clement VII of Avignon, 1378–1394, (Edinburgh, 1976)
 <mask>, John, The Bishops of Scotland, ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)
 McGurk, Francis (ed. ), Calendar of Papal Letters to Scotland of Benedict XIII of Avignon, 1394-1419, (Edinburgh, 1976)
 Watt, D. E. R., A Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Graduates to A. D. 1410, (Oxford, 1977)
 Watt, D. E. R., Fasti Ecclesiae Scotinanae Medii Aevi ad annum 1638, 2nd Draft, (St Andrews, 1969)

14th-century births
14th-century Scottish Roman Catholic bishops
1398 deaths
Bishops of Ross
People from

masks:
Alexander Bur
John de
Alexander Bur
Alexander Stewart
John de
Dowden


texts:
<mask> (August 10, 1753 September 12, 1813) was an American attorney and politician. He was the 7th Governor of Virginia, and, as a delegate from Virginia, he  attended the Constitutional Convention and helped to create the national constitution while serving on its Committee of Detail. He was the 1st United States Attorney General and subsequently the 2nd Secretary of State during George Washington's presidency. Early life
<mask> was born on August 10, 1753, to the influential <mask> family in Williamsburg in the Colony of Virginia. He was educated at the College of William and Mary. After graduation he began reading law with his father <mask> and uncle, <mask>. In 1775, with the start of the American Revolution, <mask>'s father remained a Loyalist and returned to Britain.<mask> returned to America where he joined the Continental Army as an aide-de-camp to General George Washington. Upon the death of his uncle <mask> in October 1775, <mask> returned to Virginia to act as executor of the estate, and while there was elected as a representative to the Fourth Virginia Convention. He was later  mayor of Williamsburg, and then Attorney general of Virginia, a post he held until 1786. He was married on August 29, 1776, to Elizabeth Nicholas, the daughter of Robert C. Nicholas, and had a total of six children, including <mask>, Governor of Virginia from 1811 to 1812. Political career

Early political career
<mask> was selected as one of 11 delegates to represent Virginia at the Continental Congress in 1779 and served as a delegate until 1782. He also remained in private law practice, handling numerous legal issues for Washington and others. <mask> was elected as Governor of Virginia in 1786.That year, he was a delegation to the Annapolis Convention. He had taken on the young John Marshall as a student and then law partner and transferred his lucrative law practice to Marshall when <mask> became governor in 1786 since Virginia law forbade executive officers from private practice in

masks:
Edmund Jennings Randolph
Randolph
Randolph
John Randolph
Peyton Randolph
Randolph
Edmund Randolph
Peyton Randolph
Randolph
Peyton Randolph
Randolph
Randolph
Randolph


texts:
 its courts. Constitutional Convention

The following year, as a delegate from Virginia to the Constitutional Convention, at 34, <mask> introduced the Virginia Plan as an outline for a new national government. He argued against the importation of slaves and for a strong central government and advocated a plan for three chief executives from various parts of the country. The Virginia Plan also proposed a bicameral legislature, both houses of which would have delegates chosen based on state population. <mask> proposed and was supported by unanimously by the convention's delegates "that a Nationally Judiciary be established" (Article III of the U.S. Constitution would establish the federal court system). The Articles of Confederation lacked a national court system for the United States.<mask> was also a member of the "Committee of Detail," which was tasked with converting the Virginia Plan's 15 resolutions to a first draft of the Constitution. <mask> ultimately refused to sign the final document, one of only three members who remained in the Constitutional Convention but refused to sign (the others were the fellow Virginian George Mason and Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts). <mask> thought the final document lacked sufficient checks and balances and published an account of his objections in October 1787. <mask> had several objections to the convention's proposal. He thought that the federal judiciary would pose a threat to state courts, and he considered the Senate was too powerful and Congress's power too broad. He also objected to the lack of a provision for a second convention to act after the present instrument had been referred to the states. Role in ratification

Virginia Convention
<mask> nevertheless reversed his position at the Virginia Ratifying Convention in 1788.He chaired the nearly equally-divided convention, and Mason (as one of the leaders of the opposition, along with Patrick Henry) greatly resented <mask>'s change of position. Mason and other opponents demanded

masks: Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph


texts:
 amendments prior to ratification. <mask> noted that he had seen several responses to the insistence that amendments were necessary before ratification. Some thought the objection to be insubstantial because the Constitution provided a process for amendment. In common with other advocates of amending the Constitution prior to ratification, <mask> insisted that it would be easier to amend the Constitution before its ratification, when a majority might do so, than to ratify an imperfect Constitution and then to assemble the votes of three fourths of the states. He did not think that it was desirable for the people to become accustomed to altering their constitution with any regularity once it was adopted. Governor <mask> had written, "If after our best efforts for amendments, they cannot be obtained, I will adopt the constitution as it is."Ultimately, <mask> said he voted for ratification of the Constitution because by June 2, eight other states had already done so, and he did not want to see Virginia left out of the new national government. <mask> believed that Virginia must choose between the stark alternatives of ratification and disunion. <mask> never doubted the union's advantages. In the Richmond Ratification Convention, <mask> ultimately pointed the way to an understanding of ratification with which Virginia's leaders could be satisfied. He assured his fellow members of the Virginia political elite that the Constitution that it was being asked to ratify in the summer of 1788 would have very limited significance and that it would enter more a league of sovereign states than a consolidated union. <mask> wrote that of the ten delegates whose views had been completely unknown, five had been swayed to vote for ratification by his tactics. In the end, Virginia's Federalists secured the Constitution's ratification by precisely five votes.Washington's Cabinet
President Washington rewarded <mask> for his support. <mask> was appointed as the first U.S. Attorney General in

masks: Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph


texts:
 September 1789 and maintained the precarious neutrality in the feud between Thomas Jefferson (of whom <mask> was a second cousin) and Alexander Hamilton. In Washington's cabinet, as in the ratification dispute of 1787–1788, <mask> tried to bring people together, rather than jump to hasty conclusions and ignore the potential costs in pursuit of self-righteous ideological purity. He continued to make important contributions to the structure of the new nation and to its relationship with the states. When Jefferson resigned as Secretary of State in 1793, <mask> succeeded him to the position. The major diplomatic initiative of his term was the Jay Treaty with Britain in 1794, but Hamilton devised the plan, wrote the instructions, and left <mask> the nominal role of signing the papers. <mask>, hostile to the resulting treaty, almost gained Washington's ear but was overridden in the wake of the Fauchet scandal (see below).Near the end of his term as Secretary of State, negotiations for Pinckney's Treaty were finalized. Romance and married life with Elizabeth Nicholas
Miss Nicholas was daughter of the Hon. Robert Carter Nicholas, State Treasurer. <mask> wrote to his children after his wife's death: "We were both born in the city of Williamsburg, within twelve hours of each other; myself on the 10th of August 1753, and she on the 11th. My aunt <mask>, who saw each of us soon after our birth, facetiously foretold that we should be united in marriage-a circumstance which, improbable at the time from the dissensions of our families, seemed daily to grow into an impossibility from their increasing rancor. In childhood we were taught the elements of reading at the same school... she won me by the best of all graces, cheerfulness, good sense, and benevolence. I do not recollect that I reflected much upon that range of qualities, which I afterwards found to be constituents of nuptial happiness; but Providence seemed to be kinder to me than my most deliberate judgment could have been...I

masks: Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph


texts:
 desired nothing more than that she should sincerely persuade herself that she would be happy with me." On August 29, 1776, they were joined in wedlock. The relations between <mask> and his wife had always been true and tender. So free from friction had been the course of their united lives that his daughters could not forget the single instance of misunderstanding. Mrs. <mask> having related some incident, her husband hastily exclaimed: "That is mere gossip." The lady repaired to her room and did not answer her husband's gentle knock. <mask> then said, "Betsey, I have urgent business in town, but I shall not leave this house until permitted to apologize to you."The door opened, and the unprecedented scene ended. On March 6, 1810, a blow came from which <mask> could not recover; his wife died. After Mrs. <mask>'s burial, the heartbroken husband wrote some account of her and of their married life, which was addressed to his children as "the best witnesses of the truth of the brief history." In part of this account <mask> wrote, "My eyes are every moment beholding so many objects with which she was associated; I sometimes catch a sound which deludes me so much with the similitude of her voice; I carry about my heart and hold for a daily visit so many of her precious relics; and, above all, my present situation is so greatly contrasted by its vacancy, regrets, and anguish, with the purest and unchequered bliss, so far as it depended on her, for many years of varying fortune, that I have vowed at her grave daily to maintain with her a mental intercourse." Resignation
A scandal involving an intercepted French message led to <mask>'s resignation as Secretary of State in August 1795. <mask> had been tasked with maintaining friendly relations with France. The British Navy had intercepted correspondence from the French minister Joseph Fauchet to his superiors and turned it over to Washington, who was dismayed that the letters reflected contempt for the United States and that <mask>

masks: Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph


texts:
 had been primarily responsible.The letters implied that <mask> had exposed the inner debates in the cabinet to France and had told it that the administration was hostile to the country. At the very least, Elkins and McKitrick conclude, there "was something here profoundly disreputable to the government's good faith and character." Washington immediately overruled <mask>'s negative advice about the Jay Treaty. A few days later, Washington, in the presence of the entire cabinet, handed the minister's letter to <mask> and demanded an explanation for it. <mask> was speechless and immediately resigned. Chernow and Elkins conclude that <mask> was not bribed by France but "was rather a pitiable figure, possessed of some talents and surprisingly little malice, but subject to self-absorbed silliness and lapses of good sense." However, <mask>'s own published Vindication illustrates his concerns about both public and private perceptions of his character, which held great value in the 18th century.In the event, <mask> secured a published retraction from Fauchet. After his resignation, <mask> was held personally responsible for the loss of a large sum of money during his administration of the state department. He was eventually adjudged to owe the government more than $49,000, which he paid. Later life

After leaving the federal cabinet, <mask> returned to Virginia to practice law, where he was a leader of the state bar. His most famous case was defending Aaron Burr at his trial for treason in 1807. In 1791, <mask> was elected to the American Philosophical Society. Death and legacy
<mask> lived his final years as a guest of his friend Nathaniel Burwell at Carter Hall, near Millwood, Virginia, in Clarke County.He suffered from paralysis in his final years and died at 60 on September 12, 1813. He is buried nearby at the Burwell family cemetery adjacent to "Old Chapel." Randolph County, West Virginia was formed in 1787 and named in <mask>'s honor. Randolph County, Illinois was also named

masks: Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph Randolph


texts:
 after him. <mask>, who was the governor of Virginia when the state ceded what was then sometimes called Illinois County, Virginia (a title disputed by Pennsylvania and others) to the new federal government, which created the Northwest Territory. Randolph County's motto is "where Illinois began" because it was one of the first two settled counties in the territory. It contains Kaskaskia, the first seat of Illinois County, which later became the capital of Illinois Territory's capital and ultimately the state's first capital.The <mask> J. <mask> Award is the highest award given by the US Department of Justice to persons who make "outstanding contributions to the accomplishments of the Department's mission." References

 Conway, Moncure D. Omitted Chapters of History: Disclosed in the Life and Papers of <mask>. Vol. 2. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1888. Gutzman, Kevin R.C."<mask> and Virginia Constitutionalism." The Review of Politics 66.3 (2004)
 Maier, Pauline. Ratification: The People Debate the Constitution, 1787–1788. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2010. Sources

  written by himself, with a preface by P.V. Daniel, Jr. External links

 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor <mask>, 1786–1788 at The Library of Virginia

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1753 births
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People from Millwood, Virginia
Drafting of the United

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Randolph
Edmund
Randolph
Edmund Randolph
Edmund Randolph
Edmund Randolph


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<mask> (c. 1734 – 9 September 1793) was an 18th-century cartographer, surveyor, artist, and draughtsman originally from Eastwood in Essex where he inherited a small estate and chose the name <mask> from the birth surname of his mather, his maternal grandfather was the clergyman there. He would have been notable just for his many appearances in Joseph Wright's pictures but he was also involved with numerous projects including surveying the route for one of the major projects of the industrial revolution, the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, in 1769. He has been described as "if not in the centre at least in the penumbra of the Lunar Society of Birmingham". He spent the last years of his life in Karlsruhe, avoiding debtors, but still active in German society. His German daughter married a Count. Biography
<mask> was born 1734 or 1735 in Eastwood in Essex, the son of William and <mask>. He inherited a small estate and the name <mask> from his maternal grandfather who was the clergyman in Eastwood.Little is known about his early life until
<mask> met Joseph Wright of Derby early in the 1760s and he was able to borrow money from him to fund his map making. Burdett was a model for several of Wright's paintings and he was able to benefit from his friendship and finance whilst Burdett explained the finer points of perspective to Wright. In about 1766 Wright painted A Philosopher Giving that Lecture on the Orrery, in which a Lamp is put in place of the Sun (sometimes called simply The Orrery). The painting depicts a public lecture about the solar system, with a lamp—in place of the sun—illuminating the faces of the orrery and the faces of the audience. Consistent with the astronomical theme, the partially illuminated faces may represent the phases of the moon. The figure to the left of the

masks:
Peter Perez Burdett
Perez
Perez Burdett
Elizabeth Burdett
Perez
Perez


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 philosopher has been clearly identified as Burdett whilst the man to the right is thought to be Washington Shirley, the Earl of Ferrers who Burdett stayed with at Staunton Harold which is just within Leicestershire. The Earl was, like <mask>, interested in science and he did briefly own this painting.By 1767 he had produced a map of Derby at a scale of one inch to one mile. With this map Burdett was the second successful claimant of a 1759 challenge made by the Society of Art for those who created county maps at this scale. He produced the aquatint Two Boys Blowing a Bladder by Candle-light. Liverpool

In 1768, <mask> moved from Derby to Liverpool to create a map for Lancashire as he had successfully done for Derbyshire. He obtained new patrons and assisted George Perry on his map and history of Liverpool. Burdett created drawings and wrote descriptions of major buildings for Perry's history of 1773. Burdett was so successful at identifying and exploiting his new contacts that he invited his friend, Wright, to join him in Liverpool.This was a successful move for Wright too and he quickly received commissions from the local gentry and merchants, however it was Burdett who founded a Society of Artists in 1769 in Liverpool and became its first president. Academy by Lamplight, a 1768–69 painting by Joseph Wright of Derby is thought to be of Burdett's academy. The first British aquatint artist is thought to be <mask>, who exhibited these first aquatints in 1772. Burdett brushed acid direct on to an aquatint ground, only using varnish to stop-off large areas of a single tone. His technique appears to have been novel and was different from early methods developed in France. Burdett published a first aquatint based on an image by John Hamilton Mortimer, but he eventually sold the

masks:
Perez Burdett
Perez Burdett
Perez Burdett


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 process to another cartographer, Paul Sandby. Burdett also developed a process for transferring aquatint to pottery; it was not a success.<mask> learnt his aquatint technique from J.B. Le Prince of Paris. He showed two plates at the Society of Arts Exhibition of 1772, An Etching in imitation of a Wash Drawing and An Etching from a design of Mr. Mortimer. In 1773 he exhibited a plate entitled The effect of a stained drawing attempted by printing from a plate wrought chemically, without the use of any instrument of sculpture. There are extant three known images by Burdett, Banditti Terrifying Fishermen of 1771 and Skeleton on a Rocky Shore, both after the painter J.H. Mortimer, and Two Boys Blowing a Bladder by Candle-light after Wright of Derby. A copy of the latter in Liverpool Public Library bears on its back the inscription “First Speciman of aquatinta invented in Liverpool by P.P.Burdett, 1774, assisted by Mr. S. Chubbard.”

The artist Paul Sandby learnt the basic techniques of aquatint from the Hon. Charles Greville, who himself had purchased the knowledge either from Burdett or from Le Prince. It appears that Greville had received incomplete information, and Sandby found it difficult to produce a plate by Le Prince's method of sifting the rosin over the surface. He discovered that by dissolving the rosin and floating it on the copper a better effect was obtained. Benjamin Franklin wrote to <mask> on 21 August 1773 “I should be glad to be inform’d where I can see some example of the new Art you mention of printing in Imitation of Paintings. It must be a most valuable Discovery: but more likely to meet with adequate Encouragement on this side the water than on ours.”

In 1771 he produced 'A Chart for the Harbour of Liverpool’. and in 1772 Survey of the County Palatine of

masks:
Perez Burdett
Perez Burdett


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 Chester.Karlsruhe
In 1774 he left Liverpool, to escape debt, and entered the service of Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden. Intriguingly he took with him the painting of himself and his wife, but left his wife to face his debtors. The painting of Burdett and his wife is now in the National Gallery in Prague. It recently returned for an exhibition in Liverpool. This was the second time the work has been seen in the United Kingdom since it left with Burdett on his departure from Liverpool in the eighteenth century. He did not leave his friends entirely and Joseph Wright visited him in 1774 in south Germany. He married again to Friederike Kotkowski in Germany on 11 July 1787 and he had a daughter Anna, who went on to marry a Count.In the same year he was drawing up plans for Karlsruhe marketplace whose outline can still be seen in the layout of today's buildings. <mask> died in Karlsruhe on 9 September 1793. He was a correspondent of Benjamin Franklin who was a founder member of the Lunar society of Birmingham which included such figures as Erasmus Darwin, John Whitehurst, Matthew Boulton, Joseph Priestley, Josiah Wedgwood and James Watt. <mask> has been described as "if not in the centre at least in the penumbra of the Lunar Society of Birmingham". Major works
Derbyshire map surveyed and produced by <mask> <mask> (1762–1767)
Two Boys Blowing a Bladder by Candle-light. An aquatint after Joseph Wright of Derby

References

External links
 The re-mapping of England, 1750–1800
 Derby's Unusual Suburb Names

1734 births
1793 deaths
18th-century English painters
English male painters
English cartographers
People from Derby
Date of birth unknown
People associated with Derby Museum and Art Gallery
Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby
18th-century English people
18th-century

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Perez Burdett
Perez Burdett
Peter Perez
Burdett


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<mask>. (born October 7, 1944) is an American lawyer, author, and politician. Nethercutt is the founder and chairman of The George Nethercutt Foundation. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1995 to 2005, representing . Early life
Born in Spokane, Washington, and a graduate of North Central High School, Nethercutt earned a B.A. in English from Washington State University in 1967 and a law degree from Gonzaga University in 1971. He worked as a clerk for Alaskan federal Judge Raymond Plummer. Nethercutt then served as staff counsel and later chief of staff to Senator Ted Stevens (R-AK) from 1972 to 1977 before returning to private practice in Washington State.He formerly served as a town attorney for the communities of Reardan, Creston and Almira. He is a former chair of the Spokane County Republican Party. He is the co-founder of the Vanessa Behan Crisis Nursery. Congressional career
<mask> was first elected to Congress in 1994 in a dramatic election in which he unseated the Speaker of the House, Tom Foley. It was the first time he had run for office. The district had been growing more conservative since the early 1980s, but Foley had held on mainly by running up his totals in Democratic-leaning Spokane. In the 1994 election, however, Nethercutt ran up his totals in the more rural areas of the district while holding Foley to a margin of only 9,000 votes in Spokane and 3,000 in Spokane County, which allowed him to prevail by 4,000 votes.This marked the first time a sitting Speaker of the House was unseated since 1862, and was part of a massive national Republican landslide that saw the GOP take control of the House for

masks:
George Rector Nethercutt Jr
Nethercutt


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 the first time in 40 years. In Congress, he sat on the House Appropriations Committee and the House Science Committee. Like most Republicans elected in the 1994 wave, he had a strongly conservative voting record. Nethercutt's campaign against Foley, a 30-year incumbent, included significant attention to Foley's opposition to term limits. In 1992, Washington state voters had approved a ballot measure limiting the terms of Washington officials, including federal officials such as U.S. Representatives. Foley brought suit contesting the constitutionality of this limit and won in court.Nethercutt repeatedly cited the caption of Foley's lawsuit – "Foley against the People of the State of Washington." He also promised to serve no more than three terms (six years) in the House. In the 1996 elections, the Democrats mounted a serious bid to regain the seat, but Nethercutt won by an unexpectedly large 12-point margin even as Bill Clinton narrowly carried the district. He was handily reelected in 1998. In 2000, when his self-imposed three-term limit would have kicked in, Nethercutt changed his mind and announced his intention to run again, infuriating term-limits supporters. Nethercutt was nevertheless re-elected without much difficulty in 2000 and in 2002. Nethercutt's congressional papers are held at Gonzaga University.2004 Senate race

Rather than running for a sixth term in the House of Representatives, Nethercutt decided to run for U.S. Senate in 2004, hoping to unseat the incumbent, Senator Patty Murray. Term limits again became an issue in the campaign, as Democrats quickly seized on Nethercutt's broken term-limits pledge. Nethercutt was also hampered by his lack


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 of name recognition in the more densely populated western part of the state, home to two-thirds of the state's population. Washington has not elected a senator from east of the Cascades since Clarence Dill in 1928. Other important issues included national security and the war in Iraq. Nethercutt supported the invasion of Iraq, while Murray opposed it. Nethercutt was a heavy underdog from the start, and his campaign never gained much traction.In November, he lost by 12 points, receiving 43 percent of the vote to Murray's 55 percent. While he dominated the eastern portion of the state, including his own congressional district, he only won two counties west of the Cascades, Clark County and Lewis County. Post-congressional career

Nethercutt left the House of Representatives at the end of his term in January 2005, but said that he would probably not completely retire from politics. In 2005, he and two other political veterans (former Interior Department deputy secretary J. Steven Griles and former White House national energy policy director Andrew Lundquist) formed the political lobbying firm of Lundquist, Nethercutt & Griles, LLC. Griles resigned in 2007, after he pleaded guilty to obstruction of justice in connection with the Abramoff scandal, the top Bush administration official to do so. Nethercutt serves as Chairman of Nethercutt Consulting LLC, is of counsel for the law firms of Bluewater Strategies and Lee & Hayes, and is a member of several corporate boards. He is the author of the book In Tune with America: Our History in Song, writes a monthly column for The Pacific Northwest Inlander newspaper, and records radio commentaries for several radio


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 stations.Nethercutt is also a board member on the Dutch board of JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation). The Nethercutt Foundation
Nethercutt has founded The George Nethercutt Foundation in Spokane, Washington. The Foundation is a nonpartisan nonprofit organization dedicated to fostering civic involvement. The foundation accepts applications from college students who aspire to be Nethercutt Fellows. The Nethercutt Fellowship involves, among other things, a trip to Washington, D.C. where fellows have the opportunity to see the inner-workings of the United States government. Electoral history

References

External links

 <mask>t on the Issues
 The Nethercutt Foundation website
 Nethercutt's columns in The Pacific Northwest Inlander

1944 births
Living people
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Washington (state)
Washington (state) Republicans
Politicians from Spokane, Washington
American Presbyterians
Political chiefs of staff
Washington (state) lawyers
Washington State University alumni
Gonzaga University School of Law alumni
Harvard Institute of Politics
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives
United States congressional aides
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American


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<mask> (born July 27, 1988) is an American football quarterback for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas A&M and was selected eighth overall by the Miami Dolphins in the 2012 NFL Draft. <mask> spent his first seven seasons as the Dolphins' primary starter before being traded to the Titans in 2019. Initially serving as a backup, <mask> became the starter midway through the season and led the team to the AFC Championship Game. He was also named NFL Comeback Player of the Year and selected to the Pro Bowl. During his next two seasons, <mask> helped the Titans clinch consecutive division titles. Early life
<mask> was born in Lubbock, Texas, and grew up in Big Spring, Texas.He attended Big Spring High School, where he played football and basketball, and ran on the track and field team. He played 10 games as a defensive back his sophomore season. As a junior, he passed for 2,510 yards and rushed for 922 at quarterback. He took his team to the playoffs as a senior, passing for 1,258 yards and rushing for another 617. He had to miss two games due to a separated shoulder in the second game of his senior year. Tannehill also had three receptions for 62 yards and compiled a 39.2 punt average with a long of 84 yards as a senior. He received second-team District 4-4A honors for both his junior and senior seasons.<mask> left high school a three-star recruit according to Rivals.com. In track and field, <mask> competed in hurdling and jumping events. At the 2006 District 4-4A championships, he placed third in the 300 m hurdles (41.24 s) and earned a second-place finish

masks:
Ryan Timothy Tannehill III
Tannehill
Tannehill
Tannehill
Tannehill
Tannehill
Tannehill


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 in the triple jump event (13.19 m). College career

2007 season

<mask> redshirted his first season (2007) at Texas A&M after turning down offers from the University of Houston, TCU, Tulsa, and UTEP. 2008 season

Before <mask>'s second season, Mike Sherman took over as head coach. In summer camp, <mask> competed against veteran quarterback Stephen McGee and redshirt sophomore Jerrod Johnson for the starting quarterback position. He finished in third place behind starter Johnson and McGee.Sherman's offense utilizes true receivers and moved <mask> to a wide receiver position. In his fifth game, he posted a freshman school record of 210 yards on 12 catches. He had six receptions for 78 yards in the Iowa State game breaking the freshman school record for receptions and receiving yards. <mask> finished his redshirt freshman season with 844 receiving yards, which was 11 yards shy of breaking Robert Ferguson's record set in 2000. He attempted only one pass as a quarterback the whole season. <mask> had expressed his desire to become the starting quarterback at A&M: "I still think of myself as a quarterback; I still want to be a quarterback here at A&M. Hopefully that's the way it turns out.But if things don't happen that way, and Coach thinks I can better help being a receiver, then I guess I'm okay with that." 2009 season

During the 2009 offseason, <mask> and Jerrod Johnson competed for the starting quarterback position; Johnson won the job. <mask> finished the 2009 season with a team-leading 46 receptions for 609 yards and four touchdowns. About 80% of his catches for the season were for first downs or touchdowns. He

masks: Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill


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 picked up All-Big 12 Honorable Mention honors for his performance. He only took eight snaps as a quarterback for the entire season. 2010 season

<mask> continued to play wide receiver during the first six games of the 2010 season.Over those six games, he made 11 catches for 143 yards. He attempted four passes during the season opener. He saw extensive action at quarterback during the Kansas game, splitting time with starter Jerrod Johnson. Tannehill finished with 12 completions on 16 attempts for 155 yards and three touchdowns. In his first career start at quarterback, <mask> led the Aggies to a 45–27 victory over Texas Tech. He set a school record with 449 passing yards. He also made a 33-yard pooch punt, his first career kick.<mask> quarterbacked the Aggies to a victory over No. 11 Oklahoma, which moved the team into the top 25. He helped the team maintain a ranking in the top 25 with victories over Baylor and No. 9 Nebraska. During the Nebraska game, he punted twice since the starter was injured. He and his team defeated Texas finishing the regular season. <mask> was recognized with All-Big 12 Honorable Mention honors.2011 season

In 2011, <mask> started all 13 games (including the bowl game) at quarterback for the Aggies and was the team captain. He threw for 3,744 yards and 29 touchdowns with 15 interceptions. He completed 61.6% of his passes posting a quarterback rating of 133.2. In addition, he recorded three rushing touchdowns. On Thanksgiving Day, <mask> lost the final game of the regular season to Texas A&M's rival, the University of Texas, the last time the teams played, to date. <mask> concluded his

masks: Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill


texts:
 career at Texas A&M as a quarterback with a total of 5,450 passing yards, 42 touchdown passes, and 21 interceptions. College statistics

Professional career

Miami Dolphins

In the 2012 NFL Draft, the Miami Dolphins selected <mask> with the eighth overall pick.He was the first quarterback selected by the Dolphins in the first round since Dan Marino went 27th overall in 1983. He became the 17th starting quarterback by the Dolphins since Marino and only the third quarterback taken in the first round in franchise history after Hall of Famers Bob Griese and Marino. 2012 season: Rookie year

On July 28, 2012, <mask> signed his four-year rookie contract with the Dolphins worth about $12.688 million, with a fifth-year option. On August 20, 2012, <mask> was named the starting quarterback for the season opener against the Houston Texans. He finished with 219 yards, no touchdowns, and three interceptions in the 30–10 loss. Two of his three interceptions were tipped at the line of scrimmage by defensive end J. J. Watt. In response to Tannehill's performance, Dolphins head coach Joe Philbin said, "We've (also) got to do a better job in (pass) protection, and at times the receivers have to protect the throw from the quarterback.So I would say, as is usually the case, there is a little bit of culpability across the board." During Week 2, <mask> improved dramatically in a 35–13 win over the Oakland Raiders. He passed for 200 yards, a touchdown, and no interceptions, as well as 14 yards on the ground to go along with a rushing score. <mask> seemed to fix his tipped ball problem by having zero passes batted down in week 2. By

masks: Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill


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 the end of week 3, <mask> had completed less than 53% of his passes, and also had only one touchdown to four interceptions. Two weeks later against the Arizona Cardinals, <mask> threw for 431 yards surpassing the Dolphins' single-game record for most passing yards by a rookie quarterback set by Dan Marino in 1983. <mask>'s mark was one yard shy of the NFL's single-game passing-yard record by a rookie quarterback, set by Panthers quarterback Cam Newton in 2011.He threw a touchdown and two interceptions in the 24–21 overtime loss to the Cardinals. In Week 16, <mask> set a franchise record for longest run by a quarterback by rushing 31 yards in a single play. The previous record was held by Pat White, who had a 30-yard run in 2009. During that game against the Buffalo Bills, <mask> also became the fifth quarterback in team history to surpass 3,000 passing yards in a season. <mask> went on to set franchise rookie records for passing yards, attempts, and completions. 2013 season

In Week 1, <mask> started his second season on the road against the Cleveland Browns. He went 24 of 38 for 272 yards a touchdown, and an interception, and was sacked four times in the 23–10 win.In the next game, <mask> went 23 of 34 for 319 yards for a touchdown, but he was sacked five times and lost a fumble in the 24–20 road victory against the Indianapolis Colts. In Week 3, he went home for the first time, taking on the Atlanta Falcons. He went 24 of 35 for 236 yards for two touchdowns and an interception, got sacked five times, and lost a fumble in the 27–23 victory and led his team to a 3–0 start for the first time since 2002. <mask>

masks: Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill


texts: struggled in Week 4 against the New Orleans Saints, going 22 of 35 for 249 yards and a touchdown, but also committed four team turnovers as he was intercepted thrice and lost a fumble. He was sacked four times in the 38–17 road loss. During Week 5 against the Baltimore Ravens, <mask> went 21 of 40 for 307 yards and a touchdown, but he was sacked six times in the 26–23 loss. Two weeks later against the Buffalo Bills, <mask> went 19 of 37 for 194 yards and threw three touchdowns and two interceptions, while fumbling once to the Bills and being sacked twice in the 23–21 loss.In the next game against the New England Patriots, he went 22 of 42 for 192 yards and two touchdowns and two interceptions. He lost a fumble and was sacked six times in the 27–17 road loss. In the next game against the Cincinnati Bengals, <mask> went 20 of 28 for 208 yards along with a 1-yard touchdown run despite being sacked six times due to the tottering offensive line in the 22–20 overtime victory. During Week 10 against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, <mask> went 27 of 42 for 229 yards while throwing two touchdowns, one interception, and two sacks in the 22–19 road loss. In the next game against the San Diego Chargers, <mask> completed 22 of 35 pass attempts for 268 yards, a touchdown, and an interception in a 20–16 win, despite being sacked four times. During Week 14 against the Pittsburgh Steelers, <mask> completed 20 of his 33 attempts with three touchdowns, one interception, and two sacks in a 34–28 road victory. In the next game against the Patriots, <mask> had his best game of the year, going 25 of 37 for 312 yards with three touchdowns


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 and no interceptions.He was sacked four times in the 24–20 win. During Week 16 against the Bills, <mask> followed up his best game with a lackluster performance going 10 of 27 for 82 yards and was sacked seven times in the 19–0 road loss. In the regular-season finale against the New York Jets, <mask> went 20 of 40 for 204 yards and one touchdown and three interceptions in the 20–7 loss. This was the only regular-season game in which <mask> was not sacked. The Dolphins finished with an 8–8 record and missed the playoffs. 2014 season

Mike Sherman was the Dolphins' offensive coordinator in <mask>'s first two NFL seasons, and was the head coach at Texas A&M when Tannehill played there. However, during the 2014 offseason, the Dolphins hired new offensive coordinator Bill Lazor giving Tannehill a new playbook to learn for the first time since high school.In the season opener against the New England Patriots, <mask> threw for 178 yards, two touchdowns, and an interception in the 33–20 victory. The Dolphins then went 6–7 over their next 13 games. In the penultimate game of the regular season against the Minnesota Vikings, <mask> had a season-high 396 passing yards, four touchdowns, and one interception in the 37–35 victory. The Dolphins lost the regular season finale to the New York Jets to finish 8–8 and missing the playoffs. 2015 season

On May 18, 2015, <mask> signed a six-year, $96 million contract extension with the Dolphins through the 2020 season, making him an unrestricted free agent in 2021. During a Week 7 victory over the Houston Texans, <mask> became the 64th quarterback in NFL history to post a perfect


texts:
 158.3 passer rating. In the same game, <mask> set the all-time NFL record for consecutive completed passes with 25, completing his first 18 passes of the game and the final 7 of his previous game.(In , Philip Rivers & Nick Foles tied his record, but they did it in one game.) <mask> then had a rough spell during a Thursday Night game against the New England Patriots, throwing no touchdowns and 2 interceptions in a 36–7 loss. and in three successive games against the Patriots, Buffalo Bills and Eagles fumbled one ball in the end zone for an opposition safety. On December 6, <mask> became the fourth quarterback in NFL history to throw for over 3,000 yards in each of his first four seasons in the league. On December 15, he threw for 236 yards and one touchdown in the Dolphins' 31–24 loss to the New York Giants on Monday Night Football. The loss eliminated the Dolphins from the playoff contention for a seventh consecutive year. <mask> finished the 2015 season with 4,208 passing yards, 24 touchdowns, and 12 interceptions.2016 season

In 2016, after a 1–4 start, the Dolphins won six straight games, and finished the season on a 9–2 run and an overall record of 10–6. <mask> played in 13 games, missing the last three due to an injury he suffered against the Arizona Cardinals. With their Week 16 win over the Buffalo Bills, the Dolphins clinched a winning record and a playoff berth for the first time since 2008. <mask> finished the season with a then-career-high 67.1 completion percentage, 2,995 yards, 19 touchdowns and 12 interceptions. <mask> was inactive in the Dolphins Wild Card loss to the Steelers. 2017 season

On


texts:
 August 3, 2017, <mask> suffered an injury to his left leg in the team's first non-contact 11-on-11 practice of season. After limping off the field, it was reported that the team feared he tore his ACL and would require season-ending surgery.On August 6, the team signed recently retired quarterback Jay Cutler to act as <mask>'s replacement. On August 11, <mask> agreed to have surgery to repair the torn ACL, officially keeping him out of the 2017 season. He was placed on injured reserve the following day. 2018 season

On March 1, 2018, head coach Adam Gase announced that <mask> would continue to be the starting quarterback for the Dolphins. During the season-opener against the Tennessee Titans, the game was delayed twice due to lightning storms. In his return from injury, <mask> finished with 230 passing yards, two touchdowns, and two interceptions as the Dolphins won 27–20. Two weeks later, he recorded a 155.3 passer rating and threw for 289 yards and three touchdowns in a 28–20 victory over the Oakland Raiders.He was inactive during the Week 6 game against the Chicago Bears due to a shoulder injury. Brock Osweiler started in <mask>'s place until Week 12. In Week 14, <mask> was part of the Miracle in Miami 34–33 victory against the New England Patriots. Trailing by five points with seven seconds left, the Dolphins had the ball at their own 31-yard line. <mask> threw a pass over the middle that was caught by wide receiver Kenny Stills, who lateraled the ball to the right side of the field that was caught by DeVante Parker at midfield. Parker then tossed the ball to running back Kenyan Drake, who ran the ball 52


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 yards for a touchdown to win the game. Over the last three games of the regular season, <mask> struggled with a total of one touchdown and three interceptions in the three losses.<mask> finished the 2018 season with 1,979 passing yards, 17 touchdowns, and nine interceptions in 11 games and starts. Tennessee Titans

On March 15, 2019, the Dolphins traded <mask> and a sixth-round selection in the 2019 NFL Draft to the Tennessee Titans in exchange for a fourth-round selection in the 2020 draft and a seventh-round selection in the 2019 draft. Following the trade, he signed a one-year deal worth $7 million with up to $12 million in incentives. 2019 season: Comeback Player of the Year

During Week 6 against the Denver Broncos, <mask> replaced Marcus Mariota at quarterback in the second half. He went 13-of-16 with 144 passing yards and an interception in the 16–0 road loss. <mask> was named as the Titans' starting quarterback for the Week 7 matchup against the Los Angeles Chargers. He finished the game with 312 passing yards, two touchdowns, and an interception in the narrow 23–20 victory.During a Week 12 42–20 victory over the Jacksonville Jaguars, <mask> was 14-of-18 for 259 yards and two touchdowns. In addition, he ran for 40 yards and two touchdowns. Two weeks later against the Oakland Raiders, <mask> threw for 391 yards, three touchdowns, and an interception in the 42–21 road victory, earning him AFC Offensive Player of the Week. During Week 16 against the New Orleans Saints, <mask> threw for 272 yards and three touchdowns in the 38–28 loss. In the regular-season finale against the Houston Texans, he threw for 198


texts: yards and two touchdowns in the 35–14 road victory, taking the Titans to the playoffs as a Wild Card team. Tannehill finished the 2019 season with 2,742 passing yards, 22 touchdowns, and six interceptions to go along with 43 carries for 185 yards and four touchdowns in 12 games and 10 starts. He also led the league and set franchise-records with a 117.5 quarterback rating and 9.6 yards per attempt.His 70.3 completion percentage also set a franchise record. In the Wild Card Game against the defending Super Bowl LIII champion New England Patriots, <mask> completed eight passes on 15 attempts for 72 yards with a touchdown and interception, and he rushed for 11 yards as the Titans upset the Patriots on the road 20–13. It was the fewest completions and yards by a winning postseason quarterback since Joe Flacco's 4 of 10 for 34 yard performance in 2010. In the Divisional Round against the Baltimore Ravens, <mask> completed seven passes on 14 attempts for 88 yards and two touchdowns, and he rushed six times for 13 yards and a touchdown as the Titans upset the heavily favored Ravens on the road 28–12. <mask> joined Terry Bradshaw as the only player in the Super Bowl era to win consecutive playoff games with one or more touchdown passes and fewer than 100 yards passing. In the AFC Championship Game, <mask> completed 21 passes on 31 attempts for 209 yards and two touchdowns and rushed for 11 yards as the Titans lost to the eventual Super Bowl champion Kansas City Chiefs on the road 35–24. <mask> was named to his first career Pro Bowl on January 20, 2020, replacing the Super Bowl-bound Patrick Mahomes.On February 1, 2020,


texts:
 <mask> was named the NFL Comeback Player of the Year. 2020 season

On March 17, 2020, <mask> signed a four-year extension with the Titans worth $118 million, with $62 million guaranteed. During the season-opener against the Denver Broncos on Monday Night Football, <mask> threw for 249 yards and two touchdowns during the 16–14 road victory. In the next game, he threw for 239 yards and four touchdowns with no interceptions in a narrow 33–30 victory over the Jacksonville Jaguars. The following week against the Minnesota Vikings, <mask> passed for 321 yards and an interception in the narrow 31–30 road victory. Two weeks later against the Buffalo Bills on Tuesday Night Football, he threw for 195 yards and three touchdowns and rushed for 42 yards and a touchdown during the 42–16 win. In the next game against the Houston Texans, <mask> threw for 364 yards, four touchdowns, and an interception in the 42–36 overtime victory.During Week 13 against the Cleveland Browns, he threw for 389 yards, three touchdowns, and an interception in the 41–35 loss. Two weeks later against the Detroit Lions, <mask> threw for 273 yards and three touchdowns and rushed for 21 yards and two touchdowns during the 46–25 win. In the next game against the Green Bay Packers on Sunday Night Football, he threw for 121 yards, a touchdown, and two interceptions and rushed for 55 yards and a 45-yard touchdown during the 40–14 road loss. In the regular-season finale against the Texans, <mask> threw for 216 yards and a touchdown and rushed for 38 yards and two touchdowns in the 41–38 road victory. <mask> finished the 2020 season with 3,819 passing yards,


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 a career-high 33 touchdowns, and seven interceptions to go along with 43 carries for 266 yards and a career-high seven touchdowns in 16 games and starts. The Titans finished atop the AFC South with an 11–5 record and qualified for the playoffs. In the Wild Card round against the Baltimore Ravens, <mask> threw for 165 yards, a touchdown, and an interception during the 20–13 loss.2021 season

In Week 18, <mask> completed 23 of 32 passes for 287 yards and four touchdowns in a 28–25 win over the Houston Texans, clinching the No. 1 seed in the AFC and Offensive Player of the Week. <mask> finished the 2021 regular season with 3,734 passing yards, 21 touchdowns, and 14 interceptions to go along with 55 carries for 270 yards and tying a career-high 7 rushing touchdowns in 17 games. <mask> led the Titans to back-to-back AFC South titles for the first time in franchise history as well as clinching the #1 seed in the AFC for the first time since 2008. In the Divisional Round against the Cincinnati Bengals, <mask> threw for 220 yards and a touchdown, but threw three interceptions in the 19–16 loss. NFL career statistics

Regular season

Postseason

Records and achievements

NFL records
 Most consecutive pass completions: 25 (tied by Philip Rivers & Nick Foles in .) Dolphins franchise records
 Most pass completions in a single season: 392 (2014 Miami Dolphins season)
 Most pass completions by a rookie: 282
 Highest completion percentage, career: 62.2
 Highest completion percentage, season (min.500 attempts): 66.4
 Most passing yards by a rookie season: 3,294
 Most passing attempts by a rookie: 484
 Longest rush by a


texts:
 quarterback: 48 yards
 Longest rush by a rookie quarterback: 31 yards

Titans franchise records
 Highest passer rating (season): 117.5 (2019)
 Most yards per pass attempt (season): 9.59 (2019)
 Highest completion rate (season): 70.3 (2019)

Personal life
<mask> and his wife, Lauren, whom he met in Panama City, Florida, in 2009, married in January 2012. They have two children. <mask> is a Christian. He writes "Colossians 3:23," a reference to a Bible verse, along with his name when signing autographs. <mask> graduated with a bachelor's degree in biology in May 2011 and had planned to become an orthopedic surgeon specializing in knee injuries. See also
List of National Football League annual passer rating leaders
List of NFL quarterbacks who have posted a perfect passer rating

References

External links

Career Stats at Pro-Football Reference
Tennessee Titans bio
Miami Dolphins bio
Texas A&M Aggies bio
ESPN player profile and stats

1988 births
American Conference Pro Bowl players
American football quarterbacks
American football wide receivers
Living people
Miami Dolphins players
People from Big Spring, Texas
Players of American football from Texas
Sportspeople from Lubbock, Texas
Tennessee Titans players
Texas A&M Aggies football

masks: Tannehill Tannehill Tannehill


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<mask> (born March 7, 1964) is an American actress, stand-up comedian, and writer. She was first recognized for her work as a writer on The Chris Rock Show, for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award in 1999. In 2004, Entertainment Weekly named <mask> as one of the 25 funniest people in America. She is also known for her roles on CBS' The New Adventures of Old Christine (2006–10), HBO's Curb Your Enthusiasm (2001–present), and ABC's Black-ish (2015–present). She currently stars in the Netflix original series The Upshaws which premiered on May 12, 2021, with Kim Fields and Mike Epps, and has appeared in the HBO Max comedy series The Other Two, as well as playing Allegra Durado, a new, powerful, and "messy"-brained partner in a legal firm on Paramount+'s acclaimed The Good Fight. Aside from her television appearances, <mask> has also had a career in film, appearing in Monster-in-Law (2005), My Super Ex-Girlfriend (2006), Evan Almighty (2007) and License to Wed (2007), as well as voicing characters in animated films such as Over the Hedge (2006), Barnyard (2006), Brother Bear 2 (2006), Rio (2011), Ice Age: Continental Drift (2012), Ice Age: Collision Course (2016) and UglyDolls (2019). Early life and family
<mask> was born in Portsmouth, Virginia.Her family moved to Maryland when she was in third grade. Her mother, Marion Louise (née Peoples), worked as a banker, and her father, Harry Ellsworth <mask>, was a U.S. Army colonel employed at the Pentagon. She has an older brother, Harry. <mask>'s family history was researched for an episode of the 2012 PBS genealogy program Finding Your Roots With Henry Louis Gates Jr. Her ancestry was traced back to a 1683 court case involving her ancestor, Elizabeth Banks, a free white woman and indentured servant, who gave birth to a biracial child, Mary Banks, fathered by a slave, who inherited her mother's free status. According to historian Ira Berlin, a specialist in the history of American slavery, the <mask> family history

masks:
Wanda Yvette Sykes
Sykes
Sykes
Wanda Sykes
Sykes
Sykes
Sykes


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 is "the only such case that I know of in which it is possible to trace a black family rooted in freedom from the late 17th century to the present." <mask> attended Arundel High School in Gambrills, Maryland, and went on to graduate from Hampton University, where she earned a Bachelor of Science degree in marketing and became a member of Alpha Kappa Alpha.After college, her first job was as a contracting specialist at the National Security Agency, where she worked for five years. Career
Not completely satisfied with her role with the National Security Agency (NSA), <mask> began her stand-up career at a Coors Light Super Talent Showcase in Washington, DC, where she performed for the first time in front of a live audience in 1987. She continued to hone her talents at local venues while at the NSA until 1992, when she moved to New York City. One of her early TV appearances was Russell Simmons' Def Comedy Jam in the early 1990s, where she shared the stage with Adele Givens, J. B. Smoove, D. L. Hughley, Bernie Mac, & Bill Bellamy. Working for the Hal Leonard publishing house, she edited a book entitled Polyrhythms – The Musician's Guide, by Peter Magadini. Her first big break came when opening for Chris Rock at Caroline's Comedy Club.In 1997, she joined the writing team on The Chris Rock Show and also made many appearances on the show. The writing team was nominated for four Emmys, and in 1999, won for Outstanding Writing for a Variety, Music, or Comedy Special. Since that time, she has appeared in such films as Pootie Tang and on TV shows such as Curb Your Enthusiasm. In 2003, she starred in her own short-lived Fox network sitcom, <mask> at Large. The same year, <mask> appeared in an hour-long Comedy Central special, Tongue Untied. That network also ranked her No. 70 on its list of the 100 greatest all-time stand ups.She served as a correspondent for HBO's Inside the NFL, hosted Comedy Central's popular show Premium Blend, and voiced a recurring character named

masks: Sykes Sykes Wanda Sykes


texts: Gladys on Comedy Central's puppet show Crank Yankers. She also had a short-lived show on Comedy Central called Wanda Does It. In addition to her film and television work, she is also an author. She wrote Yeah, I Said It, a book of humorous observations on various topics, published in September 2004. In 2006, she landed a recurring role as Barb, opposite Julia Louis-Dreyfus, on the sitcom The New Adventures of Old Christine; she became a series regular during the series' third season in 2008. She also guest starred in the Will & Grace episode "Buy, Buy Baby" in 2006. She provided voices for the 2006 films Over the Hedge, Barnyard, and Brother Bear 2.She had a part in My Super Ex-Girlfriend and after playing in Evan Almighty, had a bit part in License to Wed. <mask>'s first HBO Comedy Special, entitled <mask>: Sick & Tired, premiered on October 14, 2006; it was nominated for a 2007 Emmy Award. In 2008, she performed as part of Cyndi Lauper's True Colors Tour for LGBT rights. In October 2008, <mask> appeared in a television ad for the Think Before You Speak Campaign, an advertising campaign by GLSEN aimed at curbing homophobic slang in youth communities. In the 30-second spot, she uses humor to scold a teenager for saying "that's so gay" when he really means "that is so bad". In March 2009, it was announced that <mask> would be the host of a new late-night talk show on Saturdays on Fox, The <mask> Show which was scheduled to premiere November 7, 2009. In April 2009, she was named in Out magazine's "Annual Power 50 List", landing at number 35. In May 2009, <mask> was the featured entertainer for the annual White House Correspondents' Association dinner, becoming both the first African American woman and the first openly LGBT person to get the role.Cedric the Entertainer had been the first African American to become the featured entertainer in 2005. At this event, <mask> made controversial headlines as she responded to conservative radio talk show host Rush

masks:
Sykes
Wanda Sykes
Wanda Sykes
Sykes
Wanda Sykes
Sykes
Sykes


texts: Limbaugh's comments regarding President Barack Obama. Limbaugh, in reference to Obama's presidential agenda, had said "I hope he fails". In response, <mask> quipped: "I hope his [Limbaugh's] kidneys fail, how 'bout that? Needs a little waterboarding, that's what he needs." Her second comedy special, <mask>: I'ma Be Me premiered on HBO in October 2009. November 2009 saw the premier of The <mask> Show, which starts with a monologue and continues with a panel discussion in a similar format to Bill Maher's shows Real Time with Bill Maher and Politically Incorrect.She appeared as Miss Hannigan in a professional theatre production of Annie at The Media Theatre in Media, PA, a suburb southwest of Philadelphia. Her first appearance in a musical, she played the role from November 23 to December 12, 2010, and again from January 12 to 23, 2011. She voices the Witch in the Bubble Guppies episode "Bubble Puppy's Fin-tastic Fairlytale Adventure". In 2012, <mask> played the role of Granny in Blue Sky Studios' Ice Age: Continental Drift. In 2016, she returned to the role in Ice Age: Collision Course. In May 2013, <mask> was a featured entertainer at Olivia Travel's 40th anniversary Music & Comedy Festival in Punta Cana, Dominican Republic. In 2013, <mask> appeared in eight episodes of Amazon's Alpha House, a political comedy series written by Doonesbury creator Garry Trudeau.<mask> plays Rosalyn DuPeche, a Democratic Senator from Illinois and the next door neighbor of four Republican senators living together in a house on Capitol Hill. <mask> also appeared in Season Two, which became available in October 2014. The series was canceled after the second season. In 2018, it was announced that <mask> would be the head writer for the revived tenth season of Roseanne. This attracted attention due to Roseanne's far-right and conspiratorial views. On May 29, 2018, <mask> announced on Twitter that she would no longer be working on the series after a since-deleted Twitter rant by

masks:
Sykes
Wanda Sykes
Wanda Sykes
Sykes
Sykes
Sykes
Sykes
Sykes
Sykes
Sykes


texts:
 Roseanne Barr about Valerie Jarrett. In 2021, <mask> began starring on the Netflix sitcom The Upshaws.<mask> is set to cohost the 94th Academy Awards with Regina Hall and Amy Schumer on March 27, 2022. Personal life

<mask> was married to record producer Dave Hall from 1991 to 1998. In November 2008, she publicly came out as a lesbian while at a same-sex marriage rally in Las Vegas regarding Proposition 8. A month earlier, <mask> married her wife Alex Niedbalski, a French woman, whom she met in 2006. The couple also became parents in April 2009, when Niedbalski gave birth to a pair of fraternal twins, a daughter and a son, named Olivia and Lucas. <mask> only came out to her conservative mother Marion and father Harry when she was 40, who both initially had difficulty accepting her homosexuality. They declined to attend her wedding with Alex, which led to a brief period of estrangement; they have since reconciled with <mask>.During a September 19, 2011, appearance on The Ellen DeGeneres Show, <mask> announced that she had been diagnosed earlier in the year with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Although DCIS is a non-invasive "stage zero breast cancer", <mask> had elected to have a bilateral mastectomy in order to lower her chances of getting breast cancer. <mask> splits time between Media, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia, and Cherry Grove, New York. Activism
<mask> publicly expressed being devastated when California voters passed state Proposition 8. She said: "with the legislation that they passed, I can’t sit by and just watch. I just can’t do it." She has continued to be active in same-sex marriage issues hosting events and emceeing fundraisers.She has also worked with PETA on promoting dog anti-chaining legislation in her home state. She has been an outspoken supporter of Detroit's Ruth Ellis Center after the organization's staff sent <mask> a letter asking her to visit during her 2010 tour's stop in Detroit. Awards
<mask> has been nominated for

masks: Sykes Sykes Sykes Sykes Sykes Sykes Sykes Sykes Sykes Sykes Sykes Sykes


texts:
 fourteen Primetime Emmys, with one win (in 1999) for "Outstanding Writing for a Variety or Music or Program." In 2001, she won the American Comedy Award for "Funniest Female Stand-Up Comic." She won a Comedy Central Commie Award for "Funniest TV Actress" in 2003. In 2010 she won the GLAAD Stephen F. Kolzak Award. In 2015 she won the Activism in the Arts honor at the Triumph Awards.Filmography

Television

Video games

Writer

Discography

References

External links

 What Happened Ms. <mask>? 1964 births
Living people
20th-century American comedians
20th-century American actresses
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American comedians
21st-century American actresses
21st-century American writers
21st-century American women writers
American television actresses
American film actresses
American voice actresses
African-American actresses
African-American stand-up comedians
African-American women writers
African-American screenwriters
American stand-up comedians
Television producers from New York (state)
American women television producers
American television writers
American women comedians
Hampton University alumni
Late night television talk show hosts
American lesbian actresses
American lesbian writers
LGBT African Americans
LGBT broadcasters from the United States
Lesbian comedians
LGBT people from Virginia
LGBT producers
LGBT rights activists from the United States
LGBT screenwriters
National Security Agency people
Primetime Emmy Award winners
Writers from Alexandria, Virginia
People from Portsmouth, Virginia
Actresses from Alexandria, Virginia
People from Gambrills, Maryland
People from Fire Island, New York
Screenwriters from Virginia
Screenwriters from New York (state)
Screenwriters from Maryland
American women television writers
African-American female comedians
20th-century African-American women
20th-century African-American writers
21st-century African-American women
21st-century African-American writers
Television producers from


texts:
<mask> (born October 24, 1970) is a Mexican jazz singer, songwriter, producer, and educator. She sings in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, and has collaborated with Javier Limón, saxophonist Tim Ries, Aaron Goldberg, Pedro Aznar, Ed Simon Trio, John Patitucci, Luis Perdomo, Adam Rogers, Tim Hagans, Alex Kautz, composer Paola Prestini, former Kronos Quartet cellist Jeff Zeigler, and many others. <mask> was nominated in 2006 and 2009 for Lunas del Auditorio Awards, presented by Mexico City’s Auditorio Nacional for the best live performances, for Best Jazz Concert of the Year. Her 2009 album Distancia was nominated for a Best Jazz Vocal Album Grammy Award. <mask> was given the Berklee Latin Masters Award in 2015. In 2011 she was selected along with Michelle Obama as one of the most important women of the year by Siempre Mujer magazine. <mask> is a United Nation's spokesperson for UN Women UNITE, a program promoting the elimination of violence against women, and the UN's "He For She" campaigns to promote gender equality.She currently lives in Brooklyn, New York, with her husband, Brazilian jazz drummer Alexandre Kautz. Early life
Born in Mexico City in the 1970s, <mask> graduated from the Musicians Institute in Los Angeles in 1992. She later studied with Russian opera teacher Konstantin Jadan, then moved to Boston to continue instruction in contemporary improvisation. Music career
While in Mexico City, Magos released five albums: Orquídeas Susurrantes (2000), País Maravilla (2002), Todo Puede Inspirar (2004), and Soliluna (2006), the latter recorded with Mexican singer Iraida Noriega. She was also part of the compilation album series Mexican Divas (2001 and 2003). In 2008, <mask> moved to New York. She

masks:
Magos Herrera
Herrera
Herrera
Herrera
Herrera
Herrera


texts: performed locally including at the New York Winter Jazz Festival.Since then, she recorded and participated in multiple projects including the album Stones World: The Rolling Stones Project II (2008) for saxophonist Tim Ries, for contemporary composer Paola Prestini for VIA project, among others. She collaborated with former Kronos Quartet cellist Jeff Zeigler in Lens Vivant, created and directed by Mexican visual artist Erika Harrsch, and later again with Harrsch, in the multimedia project, Dream Act (also "Under the same sky...we dream"). <mask> released her album Distancia in 2009. It was co-produced by Tim Ries, featuring pianist Aaron Goldberg and guitarist Lionel Loueke, the album quickly charted #1 in the iTunes jazz category. In 2011, Mexico Azul was released, co-produced by Ries and recorded with John Patitucci, Luis Perdomo, Adam Rogers, Tim Hagans, Rogerio Boccato, and Alex Kautz. The album is a tribute to Mexican composers from the Golden Era of the 1930s and 1940s. A year later, her compilation album, Lo Mejor de Magos Herrera was released.Later, in the summer of 2013, <mask> recorded Dawn, with multiple Grammy winner, producer, and guitarist from Spain, Javier Limón. <mask> and Limón decided to record a second album and DVD for UN Women, and included on the project Fito Páez, Eugenia León, Grégoire Maret, Chabuco, and others, in support of the United Nations "He for She" campaign, which promoted gender equality. <mask> is a UN Women spokesperson. <mask> recorded a tribute to Mexican poet Octavio Paz, by composer Felipe Perez Santiago, and she was invited as a guest artist in "La guitarra vuela", a documentary honoring the flamenco guitarist Paco de Lucía. Along with other performers from

masks: Herrera Magos Magos Herrera Herrera


texts:
 the New York artist community, and under the artistic direction of Paola Prestini, <mask> is a curator for the National Sawdust, one of Brooklyn's performance venues. As a performer, <mask> has appeared around the world at venues such as New York's Lincoln Center and UN Headquarters, Washington D.C.'s Kennedy Center, Chicago's Millennium Park, SFJazz in San Francisco, Teatro de la Ciudad de México, Sala Galileo Galilei in Madrid, New York Winter Jazz Festival and Paris' Duc des Lombards. In addition, she has participated in Montreal's International Jazz Festival, the Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland, Barcelona's International Jazz Festival, and more in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Colombia, Brazil, Spain, Holland, Switzerland, England, India, China, Japan, Malaysia, and Singapore.Teaching career
<mask> has also been an instructor since 2000, has been a guest professor for master classes and clinics at Berklee College in Boston, Central College in Pella, Iowa, Miami Dade College, Kula Lumpur Music Academy, Escuela Superior de Música in Mexico City, and held academic residencies in Swarnabhoomi Academy of Music in Tamil Nadu, India, and the Langnau Jazz Camp in Switzerland in 2016. Nominations and grants
 In 2015, <mask> was given the Berklee Latin Masters Award in recognition of her contribution to the development and exposure of Latin American and her original music in a contemporary context around the world. In 2009, she was nominated for the International Grammy for Best Jazz Vocal Album with Distancia. In 2006 and 2009, was nominated for Best Jazz Performance by Lunas del Auditorio Nacional in Mexico City. From 2010 to 2013, was the recipient of Mexico National Grant

masks: Herrera Herrera Herrera Herrera


texts:
 Program for performing Artists, given by National Fund for Culture and the Arts. (FONCA)
 In 2011, was selected, along with Michelle Obama as one of the most important women of the year by Siempre Mujer magazine. TV & radio shows
<mask> produced and hosted two musical television programs for Mexico’s arts and culture television channel, Canal 22, called "Acústico y Jazz Desde El Bajo Centro," with guests Ute Lemper, Jerry González, Diego el Cigala, among others.When not touring, <mask> produces and hosts a weekly radio program from New York, entitled "La Vuelta a La Manzana" for Mexico’s Public Radio, (IMER, Instituto Mexicano de la Radio), Horizonte Jazz 107.9 FM. Appearing on her show have been Miguel Zenon, Antonio Sánchez, and Peter Eldridge, and others. Theater
In 2005, <mask> was cast to be part of "Modelo para armar", a play by Pablo Mandoki that was performed at Mexico City’s UNAM University Theater, Teatro Juan Ruiz de Alarcón. Discography

Studio albums

Compilation albums

Recording collaborations

References

External links

Latin jazz singers
Mexican jazz musicians
Singers from Mexico City
Latin pop singers
1970 births
Living people
Musicians Institute alumni
21st-century Mexican singers
21st-century Mexican women singers
Sunnyside Records artists
Okeh Records

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<mask> (July 25, 1857 – September 1, 1941) was an American doctor of medicine and politician. As the 21st Governor of California, holding office from January 7, 1903, to January 9, 1907, Pardee was the second native-born Californian to assume the governorship, after Romualdo Pacheco, and the first governor born in California after statehood. Biography
<mask> was born on July 25, 1857, in San Francisco, California, the only child of Enoch H<mask> and <mask>. The Pardee family was well known in the San Francisco Bay Area. His father was a prominent oculist in San Francisco and Oakland. Enoch's stature within the community helped him get elected to the California State Assembly in the early 1870s, and later as the Mayor of Oakland for a single term from 1876 to 1878. Raised in the Pardee Home in Oakland, <mask> closely followed in his father's medical background.He attended the nearby University of California, Berkeley, then studied medicine at the Cooper Medical College in San Francisco. In 1885, Pardee traveled abroad to receive his medical degree at the University of Leipzig in the German Empire. After his return from Germany, Pardee joined his father's medical practice, specializing in eye and ear diseases. Like his father, Enoch, Pardee also developed an early interest in politics. By the early 1890s, Pardee had become an active member of the Republican Party, and was elected to the Oakland Board of Health and the Oakland City Council. In 1893, following a successful election, Pardee became the 29th Mayor of Oakland, serving a single two-year term until 1895. During his mayoralship, Pardee began a public battle with the Southern Pacific Railroad's ownership of the Port of Oakland.At one point, Pardee kicked down a piece of the port's

masks:
George Cooper Pardee
Pardee
. Pardee
Mary Pardee
George Pardee


texts:
 fence erected by the Southern Pacific out of anger. Governorship
During the San Francisco plague of 1900–1904, Pardee's quick rise in East Bay politics was noticed by the state Republican leadership prior to the 1902 general elections. Deeply embarrassed and financially hurt by the denials of an ongoing bubonic plague outbreak in San Francisco's Chinatown by Governor Henry Gage, Republicans withdrew their support of Gage during the state convention. The party, divided by Railroad Republicans with the backing of the Southern Pacific Railroad and Reform Republicans of the growing Progressive movement, nominated Pardee, due to his municipal and medical background, as a compromise candidate. Despite clashes in the past with their interests, Southern Pacific Republicans believed Pardee the better candidate against the Democratic contender Franklin K. Lane, a San Francisco City Attorney and an ardent anti-Southern Pacific campaigner. In the 1902 general elections, Pardee faced a four-way race between the Democrats' Lane, Socialist Gideon Brower and Prohibitionist Theodore Kanouse. Pardee barely edged over Lane, winning the governorship with a plurality of 0.9%.Less than 3,000 votes separated the two leading candidates. San Francisco Bubonic Plague
Pardee took office on January 7, 1903. At the start of his term, Pardee did not fully acknowledge the presence of plague in San Francisco. Preceding his inauguration, the Public Health and Marine Hospital Service act was created by Congress on July 1, 1902. This act established that state health officials could initiate a surgeon general call conference, upon request. Due to the uncertainty and fear of the plague, a conference call was requested by eleven states to discuss the plague situation in


texts: California. In response, Walter Wyman, Surgeon General, called for a conference to be held on January 19, 1903, at Washington, D.C.Under the Public Health and Marine Hospital Service law, each state had to send one state health board representative to a surgeon general call conference. The problem for California was that the state health board officers, previously headed by former governor, Henry Gage, strongly denied the presence of the plague. In efforts to rectify this dilemma, Surgeon Arthur H. Glennan from the U.S Public Health Service was tasked with working with the new governor, <mask>. With his efforts, Matthew Gardner, former surgeon-in-chief of Southern Pacific Railroad, was selected to represent California at the conference. San Francisco was the heart of trade and commerce. Due to plague rumors, San Francisco commercial circles were alarmed by the advances of the Northwestern Railway and Northern Pacific Railways success. During this time, Northwestern Railway and Northern Pacific Railways wanted to divert commerce towards the western states.A preliminary meeting was held on January 18, 1903, a day before the conference call. Other state health officials that attended were hostile to Gardner, believing that California health officials were interested more in railroad business. Gardner acknowledged the presence of plague and promised to provide statements from Pardee and San Francisco Mayor Eugene Schmitz, promising to sanitary campaign and eradication. Pardee promised to fulfill all the conditions the officials wanted. But the officials did not take his promise into consideration and voted to change the location troop transport from San Francisco. On the day of the conference call, Wyman discussed inspection results,


texts: revealing no detection of plague. But he also did acknowledge it was not fully eradicated.Many health officials were not happy with this answer and proposed two plans. The first plan pertained to the federal support system, which Wyman objected to. The second plan suggested placing embargoes on California borders, where railroads entered, if health officials were not actively participating in plague eradication. This conference concluded the presence of bubonic plague in California and blamed Governor Henry Gage and his state health board for his negligence in acknowledging and eradicating plague. Wyman, after the conference, firmly stated that acknowledging plague would not affect trade. In hopes to avoid a quarantine, Gardner urged Pardee to recognize bubonic plague in San Francisco. <mask> had won the governor election by a narrow margin.He feared that acknowledging the plague would divide the already split Republican Party. Shortly after his inauguration, Pardee and Glennan met privately. He readily supported the U.S. Public Health Service and agreed to remove state inspectors in Chinatown. Pardee also complied to the resolutions established at the conference. But he continued to avoid directly addressing the presence of plague. He stated any disease regardless of plague required sanitary control. Wyman believed Pardee's stance did not reassure the country health officials and urged Glennan to address the issue again with Pardee and Mayor Schmitz.He believed that acknowledging the presence of plague would ease health officials and foreign countries' fear. Pardee continued to elude the topic of plague but continued to work with the government. On the other hand, Schmitz continued to deny plague existence. The unrest caused by the