texts:
 Other artists who contributed included Alphonse Mucha, Henri Fantin-Latour and Edward Burne-Jones.Atelier de Haute-Claire

From 1896 to 1901 <mask> lived in Marlotte, where he founded the Atelier de Haute-Claire not far from the home of the Barbizon school. Around the turn of the century, the distinction between the fine and decorative arts was beginning to break down and Point became increasingly interested in the latter. He sought to emulate William Morris in revolting against nineteenth-century materialism and produced applied art, including furniture, jewellery, fabrics, ceramics and wallpaper that harked back to the techniques and styles of the Middle Ages. Everything was hand-made to a very high standard of craftmanship in an effort to avoid the alienating effect of industrial mass production. As a result, however, the products of the atelier were luxury items that could only be purchased by an elite and the project therefore failed to meet one of its key objectives. The Symbolist journal L'Ermitage criticised the works of the Haute-Claire group for amounting to religious icons fit only for reverence in a case in a museum and having little to do with the France of today. One such ornate object was the Coffret d'Ophélie (Ophelia Box), a box in the form of a medieval reliquary, that referred to the Ophelia of Shakespeare much celebrated by the Pre-Raphelites.The box included bronze, cabochon, champlevé enamelling, cloisonné, ivory, gold and other expensive materials and techniques. A number of


type: original

texts:
 similar boxes exist from the atelier, including an alternative Ophelia box (1903) and a Coffret aux serpents (1897–99), both in the Musée d'Orsay. The number of different materials and processes involved in making each box meant that production was complex and a number of different craftsmen were required to make each one, for instance, noted ceramicist Charles Virion. Philippe Jullian described the products of the atelier as more Neo-Byzantine than art nouveau. A diverse group of people visited Haute-Claire, including Oscar Wilde just months before his death in 1900. Wilde was in exile in France following imprisonment in Britain. Early and orientalist works

Symbolist works

Later works

References

Further reading
Doré, Robert.(2010) <mask>: De l'Orientalisme au Symbolisme: 1861–1932. Paris: B. Giovanangeli. Fort, P., C. Mauclair, S. Merrill et. al. "<mask> et son oeuvre", La Plume, special issue, Paris 1901. Jumeau-Lafond, Jean-David. (1999) Les Peintres de L'âme, le Symbolisme idéaliste en France.Gent: Snoeck-Ducaju & Zoon. External links

<mask> Point and Islamic Architecture, MyLearning.org
Armand Point nudes
<mask> Point ~ Pittore simbolista
Catalogue interministériel des Dépôts d'Oeuvres d'Art de l'Etat – Armand Point
Logis de Haute-Claire; Quelques Artistes et Visiteurs

1932 deaths
People from Algiers
French Symbolist painters
1860 births
Year of birth uncertain
Rosicrucians
French portrait painters
19th-century French painters
French male painters
20th-century French painters
20th-century

masks:
Armand Point
Armand Point
Armand
Armand


texts:
<mask> (née Harmon; June 25, 1945 – April 27, 2018) was an American primitive painter, actress, and author, once married to the actor and musician <mask>. Early life
<mask> was the daughter of American football star Tom Harmon and actress/model Elyse Knox. Her younger siblings are model-actress Kelly Harmon and actor Mark Harmon. She attended Marymount High School, an all-girls Catholic school in Bel Air, along with other children of celebrities including Mia Farrow, who was one of her closest school friends. In 1963, at age 17, she married teen idol <mask> and gave birth to their first child six months later. Career

Acting
Following her marriage to Rick in 1963, she joined him and his family on their television show The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet as a regular cast member, first appearing in the episode "Rick's Wedding Ring". In 1965, she co-starred with Rick in the romantic comedy Love and Kisses, in which they demonstrate the troubles of a young couple of school age who get married—an "inspired casting", according to one critic.She also played police officer Jim Reed's wife Jean on Adam-12, guest-starred on other series and appeared in a few theatrical films, including The Resurrection of Broncho Billy, which won an Academy Award for best live-action short film. She retired from acting in 1982 following Liar's Moon. Art

<mask> had painted since the age of 17, and had her first one-woman art show in 1967. Her work, which was described as "widely acclaimed", is in the primitive genre, and has been likened to that of Grandma Moses. Her oil paintings sold for up to $5,000 in the 1970s. <mask>'s brightly colored primitives found favor with Jacqueline Kennedy, Mia Farrow, Tyne Daly, Dwight Yoakam and other celebrities. Her art career received a boost when Kennedy purchased her painting When the Kennedys Were in the White House.Her paintings are conceived without perspective and are brightly colored with many figures included. Judy Blundell said, "Any symbolism is straightforward and

masks:
Sharon Kristin Nelson
Ricky Nelson
Nelson
Ricky Nelson
Nelson
Nelson


texts:
 honest. As an artist she is not concerned with being clever or elusive; she is simply using her talent as a means of true visual documentation." Subjects include When the Kennedys Were in the White House (1964) and The Day He Died (1990), a memorial to her father painted on a window frame that depicts a country church and rain clouds. In 1999, her paintings were published in a coffee-table-sized autobiography, Out of My Mind. The paintings document her life story and are supplemented with diary entries and poems. In 1988, <mask> met the director-producer Mark Tinker, who asked her what she wanted to do with her life.She told him, "I want to paint." Personal life

Marriage to <mask>
<mask> first met <mask> when she was "just another 12-year-old fan" of his. They began dating on Christmas Day 1961, when she was 16 and Rick was 21. A year later, the couple announced their engagement. They were married on April 20, 1963 in a Catholic ceremony at St. Martin of Tours Catholic Church in Los Angeles. <mask> was pregnant, and Rick later described the union as a "shotgun wedding". Rick, a non-practicing Protestant, received instruction in Catholicism before the wedding and signed a pledge to have any children of the union baptized in the Catholic faith.The couple went on to have three more children, but their extravagant lifestyle forced Rick to tour for long periods, placing great pressure on the marriage. By 1975, the <mask>s were on the verge of breaking up. When Rick returned from a tour in 1977, he discovered <mask> had moved him out of their home and into a rented house. Less than a month later, she found him there with two Los Angeles Rams cheerleaders. Rick later claimed that she had set him up to use the incident against him in court. In October 1977, <mask> filed for divorce and asked for alimony, custody of their four children and a portion of community property, but the couple temporarily reconciled. In April 1980, the couple bought Errol Flynn's 1941 Mulholland Drive estate for

masks:
Nelson
Rick Nelson
Nelson
Ricky Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson


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 $750,000.<mask> wanted Rick to give up music, spend more time at home, and focus on acting, but Rick continued touring relentlessly. The dispute over <mask>'s career created unpleasantness at home. In October 1980, <mask> again filed for divorce. Attempts to negotiate a preliminary settlement agreement were unsuccessful. In February 1981, <mask> was temporarily granted custody of the children and $3,600 monthly spousal support. Rick was required to pay family expenses such as property taxes, medical bills, and school tuition. <mask> claimed that Rick was hiding assets, but in fact he was almost broke.Each accused the other of drug and alcohol abuse and of being a poor parent. After two years of acrimony, the couple was divorced in December 1982. The divorce was financially devastating for Rick, with attorneys and accountants taking more than $1 million. Speaking in a 1998 documentary about the <mask> family, Ozzie and Harriet: The Adventures of America's Favorite Family, <mask> said of her marriage to Rick: "I spent my whole life fighting the fairy tale. First trying to be it, then trying to tell the truth." Children
<mask> and <mask> had four children. Their first, daughter Tracy, was born six months after the wedding on October 25, 1963 at St. John's Hospital in Santa Monica, California.She weighed four pounds, one ounce, and was slightly premature. As a preschooler, Tracy appeared in Yours, Mine, and Ours with Lucille Ball. In her teens, she attended the exclusive Westlake School for Girls. During her parents' marital difficulties, she stayed with her father at the Mulholland Drive house. Tracy went on to become a professional dancer as well as a successful film and television actress. Twin sons Gunnar <mask> and Matthew Gray <mask> were born on September 20, 1967. They moved in with their father as soon as they turned 18, three months before his tragic death.Shortly after, they formed the band <mask>, which is still active. Their fourth child, Sam Hilliard <mask>, was born on August 29,

masks:
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Kristin
Rick Nelson
Eric Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson


texts:
 1974. At six years of age he was placed in the care of his maternal grandparents and became the subject of a custody battle between <mask> and her brother Mark Harmon in 1987. Sam earned a degree in psychology and a minor in film from Boston College and has been working in the music business. After <mask>'s death in a plane crash in 1985, his four children inherited what was left of his estate. Custody case
In 1987, two years after Rick's death, <mask> was undergoing drug rehabilitation when her brother Mark Harmon and his wife Pam Dawber petitioned for custody of <mask>'s youngest son Sam, on the grounds that Kristin was incapable of good parenting. Sam's psychiatrist testified that the 13-year-old boy depicted his mother as a dragon and complained about her mood swings and how she prevented him from being with his siblings.During his parents' divorce battle between 1980 and 1982, Sam was under the care of his aunt Kelly before moving in with his grandparents for 18 months and eventually going to live with Harmon and his family. Harmon dropped the custody petition after his sister made allegations of cocaine use by Dawber. <mask> retained custody, although Harmon was granted visitation rights. <mask>, her brother Mark and her son Sam also agreed to enter family therapy. Marriage to Mark Tinker
<mask> married TV producer and director Mark Tinker in 1988; they divorced in 2000. After the divorce, <mask> moved to Santa Fe, New Mexico. Death
On May 1, 2018, <mask>'s daughter Tracy confirmed on Facebook that her mother had died suddenly of a heart attack at her home in Santa Fe, New Mexico on April 27, 2018.Tracy wrote, "her heaven would be her dogs, sushi, and a Santa Fe sky." References

External links

 Filmography for <mask> <mask> at The New York Times

 "Broncho Billy" (1970) short film

American film actresses
2018 deaths
1945 births
Place of birth missing
American artists
American television actresses
American memoirists
Place of death missing
American women memoirists
21st-century

masks:
Nelson
Rick Nelson
Nelson
Kristin
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Kristin
Nelson


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<mask> (1913-1988) was an American author who wrote 325 books, including several best sellers, among them two screenplay novelizations penned under the pseudonym Samuel Edwards, The Naked Maja, and 55 Days at Peking. Aside from "Samuel Edwards", which would seem to have been his dedicated by-line for tie-in work, <mask> used the following nine pseudonyms in addition to his own name: Anne Marie Burgess; Michael Burgess; Nicholas Gorham; Paul Lewis; Leon Phillips; Donald Clayton Porter; Dana Fuller Ross; Philip Vail; and Carter A. Vaughan. Life

He was the son of <mask>, who directed the Shubert theaters in Chicago. <mask> attended the University of Chicago, and served as the campus correspondent for the Chicago Herald-Examiner. Following graduation, he became a reporter at the paper. He later joined Chicago-based WGN as a publicity writer, subsequently becoming its talent director and main scriptwriter. After his World War II military experience in Army intelligence, he began writing TV scripts before beginning his career as an author in 1950.He and his wife Marilyn had a son and three daughters. Literary focus

<mask>'s primary focus was on historical novels, mostly stand-alone, with American history receiving considerable attention. Of note, he wrote a number of historical novels about colonial America and also the United States in its formative years. <mask> also wrote a large number of biographies and biographical novels. These included several on U.S. presidents, such as Andrew Jackson, James Polk, and Theodore Roosevelt. Many of his biographic works also focused on notable women in history

masks:
Noel Bertram Gerson
Gerson
Sam Gerson
Gerson
Gerson
Gerson


texts:
 such as Empress Theodora of the Byzantine Empire; William the Conqueror's formidable wife, Matilda of Flanders; and Pocahantas. During the latter stages of his career, <mask> wrote two series of American historical novels having characters that continued through the series.Using the pen name Dana Fuller Ross, the first was the popular twenty-four book Wagons West series that began in 1978 and is currently being republished. The first four books in this series describe the initial wagon train to Oregon beginning in 1837. Beginning in 1979,  <mask> initiated a second series called White Indian using the pen name of Donald Clayton Porter. Set in the late 1600s, it portrays the life of Renno, a child of settlers, who was raised by the Seneca to become a senior warrior. Bibliography
<mask> was one of the most prolific writers of modern times, with over 150 books verifiably counted to his credit. His work can be divided into three major parts: standalone novels, including biographical ones; series novels, usually under a house pseudonym; and nonfiction. Besides his own name, he also wrote under several pen names.(1970)
 The Crusader: A Novel on the Life of Margaret Sanger (1970)
 The Divine Mistress (1970)
 TR: A Biographical Novel About Theodore Roosevelt (1970)
 Warhead (1970)
 Island in the Wind (1971)
 Talk Show (1971)
 Mirror, Mirror (1971)
 Double Vision (1972)
 Temptation to Steal (1972)
 State Trooper (1973)
 The Exploiters (as by Samuel Edwards, 1974)
 All That Glitters (as by Samuel Edwards, 1975)
 The Caves of Guernica (as by Samuel Edwards, 1975)
 The Swamp Fox: Francis Marion (1975)

masks: Gerson Gerson Gerson


texts:
 Neptune (as by Samuel Edwards, 1976)
 Special Agent (1976)
 Liner: A Novel About a Great Ship (1977)
 The Smugglers (1977)
 The River Devils (as by Carter A. Vaughan, 1981)
 Yankee (as by Dana Fuller Ross, 1982)
 Pony Express (as by Donald Clayton Porter, 1983)
 Yankee Rogue (as by Dana Fuller Ross, 1984)

The books in the Wagons West series (all as by Dana Fuller Ross):
 Independence! (1978)
 Nebraska! (1979)
 Wyoming! (1979)
 Oregon! (1979)
 California! (1980)
 Texas! (1980)
 Colorado!(1981)
 Nevada! (1982)
 Washington! (1982)
 Montana! (1983)
 Dakota! (1983)
 Utah! (1984)
 Idaho! (1984)
 Missouri!(1985)
 Mississippi! (1985)
 Louisiana! (1985)
 Tennessee! (1986)
 Illinois! (1986)
 Wisconsin! (1987)
 Kentucky! (1987)
 Arizona!(1987)
 New Mexico! (1988)
 Oklahoma! (1989)
 Celebration! : A Biography of Tom Paine (as by Samuel Edwards, 1974)
 The Turbulent Life of Aaron Burr: The Great American Rascal (as by Philip Vail, 1974)
 The Velvet Glove: A Life of Dolley Madison (1976)
 Sad Swashbuckler: The Life of William Walker (1976)
 Harriet Beecher Stowe: A Biography (1976)
 Trelawny's World: A Biography of Edward John Trelawny (1977)
 The Trial of Andrew Johnson (1977)
 The Vidocq Dossier: The Story of the World's First Detective (as by Samuel Edwards, 1977, aka Vidocq: Biography of the World’s First Detective)
 Statue in Search of a Pedestal: A Biography of the Marquis De Lafayette (1986)

References

1913 births
1988 deaths
20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
20th-century American male writers
American historical novelists
Writers of historical fiction set in the


texts:
Jozef "<mask><mask> (30 January 1927 – 20 October 2009) was a Belgian comic book creator. He was best known for his comic strip Jommeke. Biography

Early years
<mask> was born in Berchem, Belgium in 1927. His family came from Koksijde, at the Belgian coast, where his grandfather was a fisherman. <mask>' father Hendrik moved to Antwerp after World War I, and worked in the port. <mask> married Louise Van Den Bos on 5 August 1922. Her father was a council member in Berchem and worked as a painter.He had a great influence on the young <mask>. Hendrik and <mask> had four children, two of which died at a young age. Hendrik <mask> died in 1941 when he was run over by a car while riding his bike. When <mask> <mask> was 5 years old, he went to school in Berchem. He was a good student and a better artist, and when he was 11 years old, he started with drawing classes in the evening at the municipal art school. The most important of his teachers were Lode De Maeyer and Oscar Depoorter, renowned painters. Another field he excelled in at school was writing essays and stories.Aged 13, he had to choose his field of study, and decided to go the technical school of Antwerp to become a technical engineer. Because he was still too young, he first had to stay one year at the technical school of Borgerhout, where he again got very good results. He no longer had the time to go to the local art school, but continued to draw, making caricatures of the teachers, and portraits of pioneers in the field of electricity to decorate the classroom. His teachers, seeing his talent, urged him to drop his technical studies and to focus solely on his art. In 1943 he entered the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of

masks:
Jef
" Nys
Jozef Nys
Jef Nys
Hendrik Nys
Jef
Louise Nys
Nys
Jef
Nys


texts:
 Antwerp, led by Baron Isidoor Opsomer, where one of his teachers was Jan Van Der Loo, a portrettist. Here Nys got the background and craftmanship that would serve him throughout his career. At the same time, <mask> <mask> started working at AFIM, a small animation study, with his fellow student Bob de Moor and Ray Goossens.But when the Academy became aware of this, he had to quit his job at the studio to stay at the Academy. He continued his studies until the Academy closed down due to the threat of V-1 flying bombs. After the war, he started working at 't Pallieterke, a satirical weekly newspaper, where he made political cartoons, illustrations, and his first comics. As a child, <mask> had seen Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, and it had made a lasting impression on him. In 1947, this inspired him to send a letter to the Walt Disney Company with some samples of his work, hoping to be offered a job there. The Company was not seeking anyone at the time, but the rejection letter was otherwise very encouraging, stating that "Your work was extremely interesting and enjoyed very much by those in the studio who judged it[...]" and "It is the opinion of our art critics that your samples show considerable ability and properly developed and applied, you should go far in an art career" Between 1946 and 1955, he made some short-lived comics (both comic strips and stop comics) for different newspapers, mainly the Gazet van Antwerpen. For Het Handelsblad he produced his first longer series, Amedeus en Seppeke.Meanwhile, he had to fulfill his military duty from 1952 until 1957, working every Saturday with the Air Defense. Jommeke
Jommeke started on 30 October 1955 as a one-page gag comic

masks: Jef Nys Nys


texts: about a boy of about 6 years old, created for a very popular weekly parochial newspaper Kerkelijk Leven (a weekly circulation of over 500,000 copies on a population of less than 6 million), which had some redactorial pages (including the comic) for the whole of Flanders, and local pages for every parish. The last page of Jommeke appeared in Kerkelijk Leven on 2 November 1958. These gags were collected in three books in 1957 and 1958. In the same newspaper he created 5 biographical comics between 1955 and March 1959, which also appeared as albums in those years. When Jommeke started appearing in the daily newspaper Het Volk on 1 November 1958, it changed into a comic story of 44 pages about an 11-year-old, with his friends and family. Every day, he made 2 strips, in the tradition of the Flemish newspaper comics like Spike and Suzy and Nero, but aimed at a younger audience and with fewer political comments.The series was partially based on his older series Amedeus en Seppeke, reusing some characters and story lines. He also continued the production of biographical, more realistic stories, which are now published in  't Kapoentje, the weekly juvenile supplement to Het Volk. The last of the seven appeared in 1964. <mask> also started in 1963 the fairytale comic Langteen en Schommelbuik (Longtoe and Wobblebelly), which ended after 11 stories because the work on Jommeke became too time consuming. The stories, a spin-off of some figures from the 14th story of Jommeke, were a result of his fascination with the work of Disney. They reappeared in the 168th Jommeke story. Apart from the continuous stories in the newspaper, a few hundred weekly Jommeke gags appeared on the back cover of


texts: the Flemish comic magazine Ohee.When in 1965 Marc Sleen left Het Volk, <mask> <mask> took over his series De Lustige Kapoentjes for two years. After this, he worked solely on Jommeke. The series became one of the most popular in Flanders, with loads of merchandising and surrounding publications. A 1967 low budget movie did not become a huge success, with some 30,000 viewers. But the comics sold more each year, raising from 350,000 copies in 1965 to 1 million in 1970. Every year since, at least 1 million copies have been sold, and in 1976 and 1979 more than 2 million Jommeke books were sold. Every new book has an initial printing of some 100,000 copies.The first album, De jacht op een voetbal, is the most often reprinted, with 23 reprints and a total of 448,000 copies sold in 2005. From 1971 on, <mask> <mask> could no longer handle all the work alone and started using contributors, at first as inkers, later also for the writing and drawing of the stories. Nevertheless, he would personally follow up all the work, often taking home drawings to correct them, until very close to his death in 2009. This tight control over Jommeke will reach beyond his demise, since he specified in his testament that the series should be continued, alongside a list of specifications that would guard the overall spirit of the Jommeke universe (no violence, no sexual content, no changes to the overall appearance of the protagonists...). From 1989 until 2005, the weekly youth supplement of Het Volk was called the Jommekeskrant. <mask> worked for many years solely for Catholic newspapers and magazines, and produced many biographies of religious figures. However, in 1970, he and his wife divorced and

masks: Jef Nys Jef Nys Nys


texts:
 broke up with the Catholic Church.As of October 2009, 248  albums and more than 50 million copies of Jommeke have been sold. Although some of the comics have been translated in French ("Gil et Jo"), English ("Jeremy") and German ("Peter und Alexander"), the series has only been truly successful in Flanders, where <mask> was considered as one of the four great comic artists, together with Willy Vandersteen, Marc Sleen and Bob de Moor. Most of his other works have appeared in limited, bibliophile editions. Currently, only Jommeke and Langteen en Schommelbuik are easily available in shops. Awards and honours
 1988: A first Jommeke statue in Beveren, Belgium
 1992: Honorary citizen of Koksijde, Belgium
 1995: Honorary citizen of Durbuy, Belgium
 1997: A statue of Jommeke in Middelkerke, Belgium
 1997: A stamp issued by the Belgian Post
 1998: A medal issued by the Belgian National Bank
 1998: A statue of Jommeke in Temse, Belgium
 2005: Gouden Adhemar at Strip Turnhout, Belgium, for his entire career
 2005: A mosaic of Jommeke in Wilrijk, Belgium
 2006: A statue of Annemieke and Rozemieke (from the Jommeke comic) in Middelkerke
 2006: A bas-relief of Jommeke in Temse

Notes

Resources
Danny De Laet (1981), De geesteskinderen van Jef Nys, in De avonturen van Amadeus en Seppeke! pages 171–176, Antwerpen, De Dageraad. External links
Alan Hope, "Face of Flanders - <mask> <mask>" - article in Flanders Today
 Jef <mask> in ODIS - Online Database for Intermediary Structures

People from Berchem
Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Antwerp) alumni
1927 births
2009 deaths
Belgian cartoonists
Belgian editorial cartoonists
Belgian comics artists
Belgian comics writers
Belgian humorists
Belgian

masks: Nys Jef Nys Nys


texts:
<mask> (; 20 April 1920 – 11 November 2002) was a South African neurologist, psychiatrist, and human rights activist, best known for leading the medical ethics inquiry into the death of anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko, who died from medical neglect after being tortured in police custody. When the South African Medical and Dental Council (SAMDC) declined to discipline the chief district surgeon and his assistant who treated Biko, <mask> and a group of five academics and physicians raised funds and fought an eight-year legal battle against the medical establishment. <mask> risked her personal safety and academic career in her pursuit of justice, taking the dispute to the South African Supreme Court, where she eventually won the case in 1985. Born in Pretoria and raised in poverty in Cape Town, <mask> became the first woman to receive a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Cape Town in 1964. <mask> studied the effects of cannabis on the brain and published several articles on the subject. Seeing the therapeutic benefits of cannabis on patients in her own hospital, she became an early proponent of legalization for medicinal use. She headed the neurology department at Groote Schuur Hospital before retiring in 1985, but continued to lecture at Valkenberg and Alexandra Hospital.After apartheid was dismantled in 1994, <mask> testified at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission about her work on the "Biko doctors" medical ethics inquiry. In 1999, Nelson Mandela awarded <mask> the Star of South Africa, the country's highest civilian award, in recognition of her work on behalf of human rights. Early life
<mask> was born at Voortrekkerhoogte in Pretoria, South Africa, on 20 April 1920, to Frank and Georgina <mask>, the second of three daughters. Her mother, who was raised in a Boer concentration camp by <mask>' grandmother, a nurse in the Second Boer War, was also a nurse. <mask> never knew her father, who left her mother alone to

masks:
Frances Rix Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames


texts:
 raise three daughters in poverty. With her mother unable to care for her family, <mask> spent part of her childhood in a Catholic orphanage where she was stricken with typhoid fever. Her mother later rejoined the family and moved them to Cape Town, where <mask> attended the Rustenburg School for Girls.She enrolled at the University of Cape Town (UCT) medical school where she received her MBChB degree in 1942. Medical career

In Cape Town, <mask> interned at Groote Schuur Hospital; she also worked in the Transkei region as a general practitioner. She earned her MD degree in 1964 from UCT, the first woman to do so. <mask> became head of the neurology department at Groote Schuur Hospital in 1976. She was made an associate professor in 1978. <mask> retired in 1985, but continued to work part-time at both Valkenberg and Alexandra Hospital as a lecturer in the UCT Psychiatry and Mental Health departments. In 1997, UCT made <mask> an associate professor emeritus of neurology; she received an honorary doctorate in medicine from UCT in 2001.According to Pat Sidley of the British Medical Journal, <mask> "was never made a full professor, and believed that this was because she was a woman." Biko affair
South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko, who had formerly studied medicine at the University of Natal Medical School, was detained by Port Elizabeth security police on 18 August 1977 and held for 20 days. Sometime between 6 and 7 September, Biko was beaten and tortured into a coma. According to allegations by <mask> and others, surgeon Ivor Lang, along with chief district surgeon Benjamin Tucker, collaborated with the police and covered up the abuse, leading to Biko's death from his injuries on 12 September. According to Benatar & Benatar 2012, "there were clear ethical breaches on the part of the doctors who were responsible" for Biko. When the South African Medical and Dental Council (SAMDC) along with the support of the Medical

masks: Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames


texts:
 Association of South Africa (MASA), declined to discipline the district surgeons in Biko's death, two groups of physicians filed separate formal complaints with the SAMDC regarding the lack of professionalism shown by Biko's doctors. Both cases made their way to the South African Supreme Court in an attempt to force the SAMDC to conduct a formal inquiry into the medical ethics of Lang and Tucker.One case was filed by <mask>, along with Trefor Jenkins and Phillip Tobias of the University of the Witwatersrand; a second case was filed by Dumisani Mzana, Yosuf Veriava of Coronationville Hospital, and Tim Wilson of Alexandra Health Centre. As <mask> and the small group of physicians pursued an inquiry into members of their own profession, <mask> was called a whistleblower. Her position at the university was threatened by her superiors and her colleagues asked her to drop the case. By pursuing the case against the Biko doctors, <mask> received personal threats and risked her safety. Baldwin-Ragaven et al. note that the medical association "closed ranks in support of colleagues who colluded with the security police in the torture and death of detainees [and] also attempted to silence and discredit those doctors who stood up for human rights and who demanded disciplinary action against their colleagues." After eight years, <mask> won the case in 1985 when the South African Supreme Court ruled in her favor.With <mask>' help, the case forced the medical regulatory body to reverse their decision. The two doctors who treated Biko were finally disciplined and major medical reforms followed. According to Benatar & Benatar 2012, the case "played an important role in sensitising the medical profession to medical ethical issues in South Africa." Cannabis research
<mask> studied the effects of cannabis in 1958, publishing her work in The British Journal of Psychiatry as "A clinical and metabolic study of acute intoxication with Cannabis sativa and its

masks: Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames Ames


texts:
 role in the model psychoses". Her work is cited extensively throughout the cannabis literature. She opposed the War on Drugs and was a proponent of the therapeutic benefits of cannabis, particularly for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). <mask> observed first-hand how cannabis (known as dagga in South Africa) relieved spasm in MS patients and helped paraplegics in the spinal injuries ward of her hospital.She continued to study the effects of cannabis in the 1990s, publishing several articles about cannabis-induced euphoria and the effects of cannabis on the brain. Personal life
<mask> was married to editorial writer David Castle of the Cape Times and they had four sons. She was 47 years old when her husband died unexpectedly in 1967. After her husband's death, <mask>'s housekeeper Rosalina helped raise the family. <mask> wrote about the experience in her memoir, Mothering in an Apartheid Society (2002). Death
<mask> struggled with leukemia for some time. Before her death, she told an interviewer, "I shall go on until I drop."She continued to work for UCT as a part-time lecturer at Valkenberg Hospital until six weeks before she died at home in Rondebosch on 11 November 2002. Representing UCT's psychiatry department, Greg McCarthy gave the eulogy at the funeral. <mask> was cremated, and according to her wishes, her ashes were combined with hemp seed and dispersed outside of Valkenberg Hospital where her memorial service was held. Legacy

South African neurosurgeon Colin Froman referred to <mask> as the "great and unorthodox protagonist for the medical use of marijuana many years before the current interest in its use as a therapeutic drug". J. P. van Niekerk of the South African Medical Journal notes that "<mask> led by conviction and example" and history eventually justified her action in the Biko affair. <mask>'s work on the Biko affair led to major medical reforms in South Africa, including the disbanding and replacement of the

masks:
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Ames
Frances Ames
Ames


texts:
 old apartheid-era medical organisations which failed to uphold the medical standards of the profession. According to van Niekerk, "the most enduring lesson for South African medicine was the clarification of the roles of medical practitioners when there is a question of dual responsibilities.This is now embodied inter alia in the SAMA Code of Conduct and in legal interpretations of doctors' responsibilities". <mask> testified during the medical hearings at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in 1997. Archbishop Desmond Tutu honored <mask> as "one of the handful of doctors who stood up to the apartheid regime and brought to book those doctors who had colluded with human rights abuse." In acknowledgement of her work on behalf of human rights in South Africa, Nelson Mandela awarded <mask> the Order of the Star of South Africa in 1999, the highest civilian award in the country. Selected publications
Mothering in an Apartheid Society (2002)

References

Further reading

Hoffenberg, Raymond (May 1994). Doctors and society – the Biko lecture. South African Medical Journal, 84: 245–249.McLean, G.R. ; Trefor Jenkins (2003). The Steve Biko Affair: A Case Study in Medical Ethics. Developing World Bioethics, 3 (1): 77–95. Taitz, Jerold (May 1986). Medical Mores, Judicial Review and the Last Days of Steve Biko. The Modern Law Review 49 (3): 374–381.Veriava, F. (2004) Ought the Notion of ‘Informed Consent’ to be Cast in Stone? Vrm v The Health Professions Council of South Africa. South African Journal on Human Rights, 20 (2): 309–320. 1920 births
2002 deaths
Alumni of Rustenburg School for Girls
White South African anti-apartheid activists
Cannabis researchers
People from Cape Town
People from Pretoria
South African human rights activists
South African neurologists
South African women neuroscientists
South African whistleblowers
Steve Biko affair
People who testified at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Africa)
University of Cape

masks: Ames Ames Ames


texts: <mask> (born September 22, 1979), better known by her stage name <mask>, is an American singer-songwriter, poet, author and violinist. <mask>'s musical style is described by her as "Fairy Pop", "Fantasy Rock" or "Victoriandustrial". It is influenced by glam rock and from plays, novels, and history, particularly the Victorian era. Performing with her all-female backup dancers The Bloody Crumpets, <mask> incorporates elements of classical music, cabaret, electronica, and glam rock with theatrics, and burlesque. Growing up in Malibu, California, <mask> began learning the violin at the age of four and left regular school five years later with the goal of becoming a world-class violinist; she practiced eight or nine hours a day and read a wide range of literature. Progressing to writing her own music, she studied under various teachers and went to Indiana University, which she left over issues regarding the relationship between classical music and the appearance of the performer. Through her own independent label Traitor Records, <mask> debuted with her classical album On a Day: Music for Violin & Continuo, followed by the release in 2003 of her album Enchant.<mask> appeared in singer Courtney Love's backing band on her 2004 America's Sweetheart tour and returned to Europe. She released the 2006 album Opheliac with the German label Trisol Music Group. In 2007, she released Laced/Unlaced; the re-release of On a Day... appeared as Laced with songs on the electric violin as Unlaced. She later left Trisol to join New York based The End Records in 2009 and release Opheliac in the United States, where

masks:
Emilie Autumn Liddell
Emilie Autumn
Autumn
Autumn
Autumn
Autumn
Autumn


texts:
 previously it had only been available as an import. In 2012, she released the album Fight Like a Girl. She played the role of the Painted Doll in Darren Lynn Bousman's 2012 film The Devil's Carnival, as well as its 2015 sequel, Alleluia! The Devil's Carnival.Life and career

1979–2000: Beginnings

<mask> <mask> was born in Los Angeles, California, on September 22, 1979. <mask> grew up in Malibu, California. She has stated that "being surrounded by nature and sea had a lot to do with [her] development as a 'free spirit.'" Her mother worked as a seamstress, and she has said that her father was a German immigrant with whom she did not share a close relationship. While not musicians, her family enjoyed various genres of music. When <mask> was four years old, she started learning the violin, and later commented: "I remember asking for a violin, but I don't remember knowing what one was. I might have thought it was a kind of pony for all I know, but I don't remember being disappointed."Four years later, <mask> made her musical debut as a solo violinist performing with an orchestra, and won a competition. At the age of nine or ten, she left regular school with the goal of becoming a world-class violinist. On her time at the school, she remarked, "I hated it anyway, what with the status as 'weird,' 'antisocial,' and the physical threats, there seemed to be no reason to go anymore, so I just didn't." She practiced eight or nine hours a day, had lessons, read a wide range of literature, participated in orchestra practice, and was home-schooled. Growing up, she owned a large CD collection of "violin concertos,

masks: Emilie Autumn Autumn Autumn Autumn


texts: symphonies, chamber music, opera, and a little jazz". She began writing her own music and poetry at age thirteen or fourteen, though she never planned to sing any of her songs. She studied under various teachers and attended Indiana University in Bloomington, but left after two years there, because she disagreed with the prevailing views on individuality and classical music.She believed that neither the audience nor the original composer would be insulted by the clothing and appearance of the performer. While convinced that she would only play violin, eighteen-year-old <mask> decided to sing on one of her songs as a way of demonstrating to a major music producer, who wanted to sign her on a label, how it should sound. She became unhappy with the changes done to her songs, and decided to break away from the label and create her own independent record label, Traitor Records. Through it, she debuted with her classical album On a Day: Music for Violin & Continuo, which she recorded in 1997 when she was seventeen years old; its title refers to the fact that the album took only a day to record. It consists of her performing works for the baroque violin accompanied by Roger Lebow on the baroque cello, Edward Murray on harpsichord, and Michael Egan on lute. She considered it "more of a demo despite its length", and released it as "a saleable album" after fans who enjoyed her "rock performances starting asking for a classical album so that they could hear more of the violin." She also debuted with her poetry book Across the Sky & Other Poems in 2000, later re-released in 2005 as Your Sugar Sits Untouched


texts:
 with a music-accompanied audiobook.2001–04: Enchant and collaborations
As part of a recording project, <mask> traveled to Chicago, Illinois, in 2001, and decided to stay because she enjoyed the public transportation system and music scene there. She released the 2001 EP Chambermaid while finishing Enchant—she alternatively labeled the musical style on Chambermaid as "fantasy rock" and cabaret—and wrote the 2001 charity single "By the Sword" after the events of September 11, 2001. According to her, the song is about strength, not violence; the act of swearing by the sword represents "an unbreakable promise to right a wrong, to stay true". On February 26, 2003, <mask> released her concept album Enchant, which spanned multiple musical styles: "new-age, pop and trip hop chamber music". Written during her late teenage years, Enchant revolved around the supernatural realm and its effect on the modern-day world. <mask> labeled it as "fantasy rock", which dealt with "dreams and stories and ghosts and faeries who'll bite your head off if you dare to touch them". The faery-themed "Enchant Puzzle" appeared on the artwork of the album; her reward for the person who would solve it consisted of faery-related items.Her bandmates consisted of cellist Joey Harvey, drummer Heath Jansen, guitarist Ben Lehl, and bassist Jimmy Vanaria, who also worked on the electronics. At the same time of Enchants release, <mask> had several side projects: Convent, a musical group for which she recorded all four voices; Ravensong, "a classical baroque ensemble" that she formed with friends in California; and The Jane Brooks Project,

masks: Autumn Autumn Autumn Autumn


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 which she dedicated to the real-life, 16th-century Jane Brooks—a woman executed for witchcraft. On the night of the Enchant release party, <mask> learned that Courtney Love had invited her to record an album, America's Sweetheart, and embark on the tour to promote it. Contributing violin and vocals, <mask> appeared in Love's backing band The Chelsea— along with Radio Sloan, Dvin Kirakosian, Samantha Maloney, and Lisa Leveridge—on the 2004 tour. Much of <mask>'s violin work was ultimately not released on the album; she commented: "This had to do entirely with new producers taking over the project after our little vacation in France, and carefully discarding all of our sessions." She performed live with Love and The Chelsea on Late Show with David Letterman on March 17, 2004, and at Bowery Ballroom the next day. In September 2004, her father died from lung cancer, even though he had quit smoking twenty years earlier.Near the end of 2004, she was filmed for an appearance on an episode of HGTV's Crafters Coast to Coast, showing viewers how to create faery wings and sushi-styled soap—both products she sold in her online "web design and couture fashion house", WillowTech House. On December 23, 2004, she appeared on the Chicago-based television station WGN as part of the string quartet backing up Billy Corgan and Dennis DeYoung's duet of "We Three Kings". 2005–09: Opheliac, Laced/Unlaced, and A Bit o' This & That
 <mask> began work on her concept album Opheliac in August 2004, and recorded it at Mad Villain Studios in Chicago. In August 2005, she created the costumes for Corgan's music video for the track


texts: "Walking Shade"; she also contributed violin and vocals for the track "DIA" from his 2005 album TheFutureEmbrace. In late 2005, <mask> also recorded vocals and violin for "The Gates of Eternity" from Attrition's 2008 album All Mine Enemys Whispers: The Story of Mary Ann Cotton, a concept album focusing on the Victorian serial killer Mary Ann Cotton. <mask> later protested the release of the song, claiming that it was unfinished, "altered without her permission", and had been intended only as a possible collaboration with Martin Bowes. In January 2006, <mask> performed a song from the album, "Misery Loves Company", on WGN, before the album's release by the German label Trisol Music Group in September.She released the limited-edition, preview EP Opheliac through her own label, Traitor Records, in spring 2006; while the Opheliac EPs were being shipped, <mask> claimed that her offices had been robbed, causing the delay in the album release and the shipping of the EPs. According to her, Opheliac "was the documentation of a completely life-changing and life-ending experience". At one time, <mask> did have plans to film a music video for her song "Liar", which included "bloody bathtubs". Her song "Opheliac" later appeared on the 2007 albums 13th Street: The Sound of Mystery, Vol. 3, published by ZYX Music, and Fuck the Mainstream, Vol. 1, published by Alfa Matrix on June 19. On October 9, 2006, she appeared on the Adult Swim cartoon Metalocalypse as a guest artist and on the subsequent 2007 album The Dethalbum.November 2006 saw the release of the EP Liar/Dead Is the New Alive, which featured remixes of

masks: Autumn Autumn Autumn Autumn Autumn


texts: songs from Opheliac and new material. <mask> released her instrumental album, Laced/Unlaced in March 2007; it consisted of two discs: Laced, the re-release of On a Day..., and Unlaced, new songs for the electric violin. She decided to re-release On a Day as Laced because she "felt that it made a nice contrast to the metal shredding fiddle album, "Unlaced", and [...] loved that it was the perfect representation of "then" versus "now". She also performed live at the German musical events Wave Gotik Treffen and M'era Luna Festival in 2007. She later released A Bit o' This & That: a rarities album of her covers, including songs from The Beatles and The Smiths, classical pieces, and her own songs. In 2008, she released the EP 4 o'Clock, which contained remixes of songs from Opheliac, new songs, and a reading from her autobiographical novel The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls. She also released another EP, Girls Just Wanna Have Fun &Bohemian Rhapsody, the same year.A year later, <mask> broke away from Trisol Music Group to join The End Records and re-release Opheliac in the United States on October 27, 2009; previously, it was only available there as an import. The re-release included extras such as pictures, bonus tracks, an excerpt from The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls, and a video. In addition to releasing her own material, <mask> collaborated with other musicians. She contributed backing vocals and violin to the track "Dry" by Die Warzau and made an appearance in the band's music video for "Born Again". She played violin on the song "UR A WMN NOW" from OTEP's 2009 album, Smash the Control

masks: Autumn Autumn Autumn


texts:
 Machine. Additionally, two of her tracks appeared in film soundtracks: "Organ Grinder" from 4 o'Clock on the European edition of Saw III and a remixed version of "Dead Is The New Alive" from Opheliac on the international version of Saw IV. 2010–present: The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls and Fight Like a Girl

<mask>'s debut novel, The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls, was self-published in late 2009, with a second edition following in 2010.Because of the book's nature and possible autobiographical sections, she claimed its release was delayed because some did not want it published. The book combines <mask>'s own real life journal entries, including those chronicling her time in a psych ward, and the diary of a fictional Victorian-era asylum inmate named "Emily". <mask> has said that the intent of the book was to show "there’s very little difference from asylums for ladies in 1841 and the ones for us now," and that the subject of mental illness remains misunderstood. In June 2010, <mask> released the acronym of her upcoming album, F.L.A.G., on her Twitter account, before revealing the full title as Fight Like a Girl. In her words, the meaning behind the title is "about taking all these things that make women the underdogs and using them to your advantage". Based on her novel, The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls, the album has been described as "an operatic feminist treatise set inside an insane asylum, wherein the female inmates gradually realize their own strength in numbers". On August 30, 2010, she announced that she would be undergoing jaw surgery, and had to postpone her North American


texts: tour dates while she recovered.In September 2011, she posted the full lyrics to the album's title track, "Fight Like a Girl", on her Twitter account. <mask> appeared at the 2011 Harvest Festival in Australia, and had planned to debut two songs from Fight Like a Girl during those performances. On April 11, 2012, <mask> released the single "Fight Like a Girl", with the song "Time for Tea" appearing as a B-side. On April 16, 2012, <mask> announced her plans to debut a three-hour musical adaptation of her autobiographical novel on London's West End theatre in 2014. According to her interview with Mulatschag, she has plans to play the roles of both protagonists, <mask> and Emily. In late 2011, a twelve-minute teaser was released for Darren Lynn Bousman and Terrance Zdunich's project The Devil's Carnival, featuring <mask> as The Painted Doll, her first major acting role. The film was released in April 2012."Bloody Crumpets" members Beth "The Blessed Contessa" Hinderliter and Maggie "Captain Maggot" Lally also appear in the film as Woe-Maidens. On June 13, 2012, <mask> announced on her blog the release date of Fight Like a Girl, which was on July 24 of the same year. In 2013, <mask> produced and starred in her first ever music video, directed by Darren Lynn Bousman, for the song "Fight Like a Girl". Also appearing in the video are <mask>'s Devil's Carnival co-stars Dayton Callie and Marc Senter, as well as Veronica Varlow, among others. In 2014, it was announced that <mask> would be appearing at a handful of dates on the 2014 Vans Warped Tour with an installation called "The Asylum Experience", which will

masks: Autumn Autumn Autumn Emilie Autumn Autumn Autumn Autumn Autumn


texts:
 include music, burlesque, circus sideshow attractions and theater. On September 22, 2018, she released The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls: Behind the Musical, an album with songs made for her upcoming musical. On November 3, 2021, <mask> released the single The Passenger, a cover of the song by Iggy Pop, marking her first official release in three years.Influences and musical style

Her music encompasses a wide range of styles. <mask>'s vocal range is contralto, but also has the ability to perform in the dramatic soprano range. Her vocal work has been compared to Tori Amos, Kate Bush, and The Creatures. She has released two instrumental albums (On a Day... and Laced/Unlaced), and four featuring her vocals: Enchant, Opheliac, A Bit o' This & That, and "Fight Like a Girl". The 2003 album Enchant drew on "new age chamber music, trip hop baroque, and experimental space pop". <mask> layers her voice frequently, and incorporates electronics and electronic effects into her work on Enchant; she also combines strings and piano for some songs, while others feature mainly the piano or violin. The 2006 release Opheliac featured "cabaret, electronic, symphonic, new age, and good ol' rock & roll (and heavy on the theatrical bombast)".A classically trained musician, <mask> is influenced by plays, novels, and history, particularly the Victorian era. She enjoys the works of Shakespeare, Elizabeth Barrett Browning and husband Robert, and Edgar Allan Poe. She incorporates sounds resembling Victorian machinery such as locomotives, which she noted was "sort of a steampunk thing". While a young <mask> cited Itzhak


texts:
 Perlman as an influence because of the happiness she believed he felt when he played, her main musical influence and inspiration is the English violinist Nigel Kennedy. Her favorite singer is Morrissey from The Smiths. She takes inspiration for her songs from her life experiences and mixes in "layers and layers of references, connections, other stories and metaphors". <mask> has variously described her music and style as "Psychotic Vaudeville Burlesque", "Victoriandustrial'", a term she coined, and glam rock because of her use of glitter onstage.According to <mask>, her music "wasn't meant to be cutesy" and is labeled as "industrial" mainly because of her use of drums and yelling. Her adaption of "O Mistress Mine" was praised by author and theater director
Barry Edelstein as "a ravishing, guaranteed tearjerker". For her live performances, which she calls dinner theatre because of her practice of throwing tea and tea-time snacks off of the stage, <mask> makes use of burlesque—"a show that was mainly using humour and sexuality to make a mockery of things that were going on socially and politically"—to counterbalance the more morbid topics discussed in her music, such as abuse, suicide and self-mutilation. Her shows feature handmade costumes, fire tricks, theatrics, and her all-female backing band, The Bloody Crumpets, a group whose members have variously included burlesque performer Veronica Varlow as The Naughty Veronica, performance artist Maggie Lally as Captain Maggot, Jill Evyn as Lady Amalthea (or Moth), actress and performer Beth Hinderliter as The Blessed Contessa, actress Aprella Godfrey


texts:
 Barule as Lady Aprella, German musician Lucina as Little Lucina, cellist Sarah Kim as Lady Joo Hee, German costume designer Vecona as Captain Vecona, Jesselynn Desmond as Little Miss Sugarless, and Ulorin Vex. Her intention is for the live shows to be a statement of "anti-repression" and empowerment. Personal life
She keeps a ritual of drawing a heart on her cheek as a symbol of protection. <mask> became vegetarian at age eleven after being unable to rationalize why she should eat farm animals but not her pet dog; in her late-teens, she became vegan.She has stated she believes that there is a link between the treatment of women and animals in society. In August 2014, <mask> said she had developed copper toxicity and was no longer vegan, although still a committed vegetarian. In 2021, <mask> adopted a Toy Manchester Terrier, who she named Darjeeling. She has endorsed companies such as Manic Panic and Samson Tech. <mask> has bipolar disorder, which she has discussed in a number of interviews. Discography

 Studio albums
Enchant (2003)
Opheliac (2006)
Fight Like a Girl (2012)
The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls: Behind the Musical (2018)

 Instrumental albums
On a Day... (2000)
Laced/Unlaced (2007)

Concert tours
The Asylum Tour - 2007
The Plague Tour - 2008
The Gate Tour - 2008-2009
The Key Tour - 2009
The Door Tour - 2011
The Fight Like a Girl Tour - 2011-2012

Bibliography
Across the Sky & Other Poems (2000)
Your Sugar Sits Untouched (2005)
The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls (2009)

Filmography
11-11-11 as 11'er in Video (2011) Uncredited
The Devil's Carnival (2012) as Painted Doll
Alleluia!


texts:
 The Devil's Carnival as June / The Painted Doll

Notes

References

External links

Emilie <mask> MetalBlast.net interview, April 17, 2012.Interview with Emilie Autumn

1979 births
21st-century American poets
21st-century American singers
American contraltos
American electronic musicians
American feminists
American harpsichordists
American industrial musicians
American people of German descent
American rock violinists
American women poets
Dark cabaret musicians
Women rock singers
Feminist musicians
Living people
Metropolis Records artists
Singers from California
Singers from Chicago
People with bipolar disorder
American women in electronic music
Writers from California
Writers from Illinois
21st-century American women singers
Electric violinists
21st-century violinists
Women harpsichordists
Steampunk music
Women in


texts:
<mask> (born March 24, 1993) is an American professional mixed martial artist and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner. She is a former world No. 1 ranked IBJJF competitor, currently ranked 6th among the female divisions. She is an ADCC and no gi BJJ (black belt) World Champion. As of November 23, 2021, she is #5 in the  UFC women's strawweight rankings and as of December 20, 2021, she is #14 in the UFC women's pound for pound rankings. Early life
Dern was born in Arizona, the daughter of Wellington "Megaton" Dias, a highly decorated grappling competitor himself. As a child, she grew up travelling back and forth between Arizona and her father's native Brazil.Dern is fluent in English and Portuguese. She has stated that Portuguese has become her primary tongue, explaining that "my Dad and step Mom are both Brazilian. My boyfriend speaks Portuguese. I'm speaking Portuguese more than English. I still have lots of interactions in English of course. But I think in Portuguese, anything to do with fight is all in Portuguese in my mind, I dream in Portuguese." Dern began training by the age of three and practicing with her father and stepmother who is also a black belt, Luciana Tavares.<mask> started competing at a young age, and began competing in the adult divisions at 14 years old. She has won a world championship in every belt level as she progressed to black belt rank, which was awarded to her by her father in December 2012, three months prior to her 20th birthday. She graduated from Ironwood High School in Glendale, Arizona. Due to her six 1st place finishes

masks:
Mackenzie Lynne Dern Santos
Mackenzie


texts:
 at the Asian Open, <mask> is the only female Jiu-Jitsu competitor to have won Gold Medals, at Black Belt level, at each of the 5 principal/highest ranking IBJJF Gi Championships - the other events are the Worlds, the Euros, the Pan Ams and the Brazilian Nationals. One of her biggest achievements in BJJ came when she managed to defeat Gabi Garcia despite a huge weight difference, becoming one of the few women to do so. Mixed martial arts

Legacy Fighting Alliance
Dern was scheduled to make her mixed martial arts debut against Kenia Rosas at Legacy FC 58. She won her debut by unanimous decision.Dern was scheduled to fight Montana De La Rosa at Legacy FC 61. The bout was initially scheduled to be contested at strawweight, but was later changed to catchweight, as Dern missed weight by 2.8 lbs. She won the fight by a first round submission. Dern was scheduled to fight Katherine Roy at LFA 6. Dern came in overweight for the second time in a row, missing weight by four pounds, and had to forfeit 20% of her purse. She won the fight by unanimous decision. Dern moved up to flyweight for her fourth professional fight, being scheduled to fight Mandy Polk at LFA 24.She beat Polk by a first-round rear-naked choke. After going 4-0 in her first four professional fights, Dern signed with Invicta Fighting Championship in November 2017. Invicta Fighting Championship
Dern made her Invicta debut on December 8, 2017, at Invicta FC 26: Maia vs. Niedzwiedz against Kaline Medeiros. She won the fight via an armbar in round three. Ultimate Fighting Championship
Dern made her


texts: promotional debut against Ashley Yoder on March 3, 2018, at UFC 222. She won the fight via split decision. Dern faced Amanda Cooper on May 12, 2018 at UFC 224.At the weigh-ins, Dern weighed in at 123 pounds, 7 pounds over the strawweight non-title fight upper limit of 116 pounds. As a result, the bout proceeded at catchweight and Dern was fined 30% of her purse. Dern won the fight via submission through a rear naked choke in the first round. After a hiatus from maternity leave, Dern faced Amanda Ribas on October 12, 2019 at UFC on ESPN+ 19. She lost the fight via unanimous decision. Dern was expected to face Ariane Carnelossi on April 25, 2020 at UFC Fight Night 173. Carnelossi was forced to withdraw from the bout due to travel restriction.Dern was scheduled to face Hannah Cifers  on April 25, 2020. However, on April 9 the promotion announced that this event was postponed. The pairing eventually took place on May 30, 2020 at UFC on ESPN: Woodley vs. Burns. Dern won the fight with a first round kneebar - becoming the first woman  to finish a fight by any form of leg lock in UFC history. This win also earned her her first Performance of the Night award. Dern faced Randa Markos on September 19, 2020 at UFC Fight Night 178. She won the fight via submission in the first round.This win earned her her second straight Performance of the Night award. Dern faced Virna Jandiroba on December 12, 2020 at UFC 256. Dern won the fight by unanimous decision. Dern faced Nina Nunes on April 10, 2021 at UFC on ABC 2. She won the bout via first round armbar. This win


texts:
 earned her a Performance of the Night award. Dern faced Marina Rodriguez on October 9, 2021 on UFC Fight Night 194.She lost the fight via unanimous decision. This fight earned her the Fight of the Night award. Dern is scheduled to face Tecia Torres on April 9, 2022 at UFC 273. Personal life
Dern is married to professional surfer Wesley Santos. In February 2019, Dern announced that she had put her MMA career on hold due to pregnancy. Her daughter, Moa, was born on June 9, 2019. According to Dern, she left Black House MMA after a reported incident concerning her original coach, Juan Gomez, where he got into a physical altercation with her husband over a disagreement about money.However, Gomez disputed money being the reason and subsequently both Dern and Gomez were asked to leave the team. Instructor lineage
Mitsuyo "Count Koma" Maeda → Carlos Gracie, Sr. → Helio Gracie → Royler Gracie → Wellington "Megaton" Dias → <mask>n

References

External links

1993 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Phoenix, Arizona
American sportspeople of Brazilian descent
American practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu
People awarded a black belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Female Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners
Mixed martial artists from Arizona
American female mixed martial artists
Strawweight mixed martial artists
Flyweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Ultimate Fighting Championship female fighters
World Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championship medalists
World No-Gi Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championship medalists
21st-century American


texts:
<mask> (born 4 March 1967) is an Australian professional rugby coach and former player. He was the coach of the Australian national team from 2014 to 2019. In 2015, he received the World Rugby Coach of the Year award. <mask> has Lebanese ancestry. He is the only coach to have won the major rugby club competition in each hemisphere, winning the Heineken Cup with Leinster in 2009 and the Super Rugby competition with the New South Wales Waratahs in 2014. During his career, <mask> was also head coach at Padova, Randwick and Stade Français. Playing career
<mask> was a No.8 who played for Australia at under 21 level. He played more than 300 games for Randwick, winning the Shute Shield seven times during a period when the Galloping Greens dominated Sydney rugby. As a player, <mask> made a mid-career move to Europe in 1989 where he had two seasons in the South of France with Castres Olympique in Division 1, and a season for Paris team Club Athlétique des Sports Généraux (later merged with Stade Français) in Division 2. He then joined Italian side Rugby Livorno alongside Randwick teammate David Knox from 1992 to 1994. He represented an Italian Selection XV against the All Blacks in 1993. Returning to Australia, he captained Randwick from 1997 and 1999, and represented New South Wales on their spring tour of the UK in 1997. Coaching career

Padova and Randwick
Cheika had never coached before but in 1999 David Campese brought his attention to a coaching job in Italy.He applied for it and was successful. <mask> and Knox coached Petrarca Padova through a Heineken Cup campaign which did not yield any wins. <mask> returned to

masks:
Michael Cheika
Cheika
Cheika
Cheika
Cheika
Cheika
Cheika


texts:
 Sydney in 2001 when his father fell ill. With European coaching experience under his belt he secured the Randwick coaching ticket and guided his old club to a Shute Shield victory in 2004. Leinster
In 2005, <mask> replaced Declan Kidney as head coach at Leinster. Mick Dawson, Leinster's chief executive, described it as a calculated punt. Kidney had left in contentious circumstances having agreed to a move to rivals Munster before the season's end and Leinster were said to be in disarray. Cheika brought assistant David Knox, his former teammate, with him to Ireland.<mask>'s first season culminated in a Heineken Cup semi–final against Munster, which Munster won 30–6, on their way to lifting the trophy. <mask>'s second season in charge was a difficult one, as Leinster were knocked out of the Heineken Cup at the quarterfinal stage by London Wasps. In 07/08 Leinster won the Celtic League trophy with a bonus point 41–8 victory against the Newport Gwent Dragons. It was <mask>'s first trophy as Leinster coach and Leinster's first since the 2001 Celtic League. Leinster recruited Alan Gaffney to the management team as backs coach in the 2009 season, to join Kurt McQuilkin as defence coach and forwards coach Jono Gibbes. Leinster were unable to retain their Celtic League title, and finished third behind Munster and Edinburgh. However, Cheika led Leinster to European success, guiding the team to the 2009 Heineken Cup Final.They became champions after topping their pool by beating London Wasps, Edinburgh and Castres Olympique. Leinster was seeded sixth and faced Harlequins in the quarterfinal, winning 6–5. In an all Irish

masks: Cheika Cheika Cheika Cheika


texts: derby at Croke Park against defending champions Munster, <mask> guided the team to a historic 25–6 victory to set up a final against Leicester Tigers. At Murrayfield Stadium the team secured a 19–16 victory over the Tigers, to clinch Leinster's first ever European title. In his final season in charge, <mask> led Leinster to top of the table in the revamped 2009–10 Celtic League, with 13 victories from 18 starts. In the semifinal, Leinster beat Munster 16–6, before losing to the Ospreys 17–12 at home at the RDS. The team was also unable to retain their European title.Leinster beat Clermont Auvergne 29–28, however lost to eventual champions Toulouse 26–16. <mask> was Director of Rugby of the Paris-based club between 2010 and 2012. It was reported that his time at Stade Français was less successful than at previous clubs. Off-field conflict and mediocre on-field results made his life difficult, culminating in him being sacked. During the 2010–11 Top 14 season, Stade Français finished 11th in the standings with only 10 wins from 26. However, in the 2010–11 European Challenge Cup, Stade Français clinched top seed after the Pool stage, winning all 6 of their matches.Their pool, however, did include Leeds Carnegie, București Oaks and Crociati Parma, with the latter two being semi-professional sides. Stade won the quarterfinal beating Montpellier 32–28. <mask>'s team beat Clermont, who had dropped down from the Heineken Cup, by 29–25 in the semifinal, but narrowly lost to Harlequins 19–18 in the final at Cardiff. In the 2011–12 Top 14 season, Stade Français improved on their previous standing, finishing seventh with 11

masks: Cheika Cheika Cheikaeika Cheika


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 wins. The team again clinched the top seeding in the European Challenge Cup and beat Exeter Chiefs 22–17 in the quarterfinal. However, they lost in the semifinal by 32–29 to Toulon. New South Wales
<mask> was appointed as head coach of the New South Wales Waratahs in 2012 for the 2013 Super Rugby season.In his first season, he guided the team to mid-table of 9th, with an even split of 8 wins and 8 losses. Some of their victories were notable, including the 25–20 win over the eventual (and defending) champions, the Chiefs, in round 10. The Waratahs turned over the Brumbies 28–22, before narrowly losing to the Crusaders 23–22 in Christchurch. <mask> also led the team against the British and Irish Lions, losing the match 47–17. He was responsible for signing Israel Folau from AFL side Greater Western Sydney Giants, who made a massive impact to the Wallabies in his debut season. <mask> secured further key signings for the 2014 season including Kurtley Beale, Nick Phipps, Jacques Potgieter and another Rugby League convert Taqele Naiyaravoro. He created attacking backline combinations with Phipps and Bernard Foley as the halves, Beale and Adam Ashley-Cooper in midfield and with Folau at fullback.The Waratahs dominant forward pack, led by Dave Dennis, created a platform for the skillful backs. In just his second season in charge, Cheika coached the Waratahs to their first ever Super Rugby title, with the team finishing seven points ahead of their nearest rivals, the Crusaders. The Waratahs defeated the Brumbies 26–8 in the semifinal which earned them a first home final against their Christchurch-based rivals, the

masks: Cheika Cheika Cheika


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 Crusaders, whom the Waratahs had not defeated in over a decade. In the 2014 Super Rugby final the Waratahs beat the Crusaders by a single point, 33–32, in a nail-biter witnessed by a record Super Rugby crowd of over 61,007 people at ANZ Stadium in Sydney. During the 2015 Super Rugby season, the Waratahs campaign to retain their title started with a 25–13 loss to the Western Force in Sydney, which was later followed by a second loss to the Force in Round 13, losing 18–11 in Perth. Cheika led the Waratahs to a 29–24 win over the eventual New Zealand conference winners the Hurricanes in Wellington, and a 32–22 win over the Crusaders in Sydney. Across the 16 matches of the 2015 regular season the Waratahs conceded 11 yellow cards.Two players, Will Skelton and Tolu Latu, were suspended from playing during the latter stages of the tournament leading to <mask>'s tactics being questioned. The Waratahs had lost to the Highlanders 26–19 in Dunedin in Round 5 and were defeated by them again in the semifinal in Sydney by 35–17. It was a surprise for some how well the Waratahs did, considering the team had to play for 10 consecutive weeks between their second bye and the knock out stage, which included their two away matches against South Africa opposition. Australia

2014–2015
<mask> was appointed as the head coach of the Australia national team on 22 October 2014, with a three-year contract that would see him take the Wallabies through the 2015 Rugby World Cup. He took over after Ewen McKenzie's shock resignation the previous week and had very little time with the team before Australia started their 2014 end of year tour.

masks: Cheika Cheika


texts: His first match as coach was a non-capped game against the Barbarians, with the Wallabies winning 40–36. <mask>'s first test match as coach was a 33–28 victory for Australia over Wales which was a record 10th consecutive win against them.However, <mask> lost his first match against France a week later, with Australia being defeated 29–26. This for France was seen as revenge following Australia's dominant 3–0 series win over Les Bleus in June 2014 under former coach Ewen McKenzie. <mask>'s team lost their next match against Ireland 26–23. Ireland had led 17–0 after just fifteen but three quick tries in the next fifteen minutes put Australia back in the game. Australia then faced Rugby World Cup rivals England who had only win from their last six starts. England's forwards overpowered Australia in the match, however, to win 26–17. The result meant that Australia had lost three out of four test matches on their tour, their worst record since 2005.<mask> made it clear that the scrum needed to be fixed before the World Cup, and later sacked the forwards coach Andrew Blades. Scrum coach Mario Ledesma was recruited to the Waratahs and began working on scrummaging with the Wallabies players that were in New South Wales. Brumbies head coach Stephen Larkham was brought in as backline and attack coach for the World Cup. Nathan Grey was appointed as defence coach. In the lead up to the 2015 World Cup, <mask> is credited for inventing Giteau's law which enabled overseas based players to play for Australia. During the 2015 Rugby Championship, <mask> made multiple changes to his side for each match despite the Wallabies'

masks: Cheika Cheika Cheika Cheika Cheika Cheika


texts: winning form. They opened their campaign with a 24–20 win over South Africa, winning in overtime with a late try from Tevita Kuridrani.They beat Argentina 34–9 a week later to set-up a decider with New Zealand in the final round. It was during that All Blacks match that Cheika started two specialized opensides for the first time since 2010, and they were both influential in the Wallabies 27–19 win. The win sealed the Rugby Championship for the Wallabies, their first ever Rugby Championship title, although including the former Trinations format it was the Wallabies fourth title since the competition began 1996. The Wallabies also achieved a 100% win rate for the first ever time in either format. However, the Wallabies failed to win the Bledisloe Cup, losing to New Zealand 41–13 in Auckland a week later. Despite having only been in charge of the Wallabies for a year, <mask> led Australia to the 2015 Rugby World Cup Final. They topped Pool A with victories over Fiji 28–13, Uruguay 65–3, England 33–13 and Wales 15–6.They narrowly beat Scotland in the quarter-final winning 35–34 after a controversial last minute penalty. They beat Argentina 29–15 in the semi-final to reach the final against the All Blacks. The Wallabies went down 16–3 at half time, but fought back in the second half to trail by only 21–17 with 10 minutes remaining. However a drop goal, penalty and a last minute try saw New Zealand claim an historic 34–17 victory. On 1 November, <mask> was named 2015 World Rugby Coach of the Year, becoming the first Australian coach to claim the title since Rod Macqueen in 2001, and the first non-New Zealander coach


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 to win it since Ireland's Declan Kidney in 2009. 2016–2017
In 2016, England toured Australia for a three-test series, the first of its kind. The series saw Australia lose all three tests to be "whitewashed" for the first time in a home series since South Africa won 3–0 in 1971.The first test, lost 39–28, saw England win back-to-back tests on Australian soil for the first time since 2003, while winning at Brisbane for the first ever time. The 39 points scored against Australia were the most points Australia had ever conceded by an English team. The second test saw England win 23–7, a record winning margin on Australian soil and a record third consecutive away win, to see England claim their first ever series win over Australia. The final test saw an accumulative score of 84 points, with England the victors 44–40. He led Australia to second in the 2016 Rugby Championship despite losing the first two matches on an aggregate score of 71–17 against New Zealand. <mask> lead the Wallabies to their first win of the season against South Africa in round 3, winning 23–17, before defeating Argentina the following week 36–20. Australia narrowly missed out on their first ever victory at Loftus Versfeld Stadium, losing to South Africa in Pretoria 18–10.In the final week of the Championship, Argentina hosted Australia in London, where the teams became the first to play a Rugby Championship or Tri-Nations match outside any of the SANZAAR nations. Australia were the victors, 33–21. In the final Bledisloe Cup on 22 October, Australia were defeated 37–10, conceding 18 points in the closing 20 minutes. Australia's 2016 Spring tour


texts: saw mixed results, convincingly defeating Wales 32–8 in the opening week, before narrowly defeating Scotland with a 74th minute try by Tevita Kuridrani to win 23–22. Their third game saw Cheika completely change the team for the French clash, but still managed to claim the victory 25–23. The fourth and fifths matches on the tour saw the Wallabies lose their eight and ninth tests of the year, losing to Ireland 27–24 and England 37–21, with Ireland loss killing the Australian's chances of claiming a successful Grand Slam tour. Australia's 2017 season started with a 37–14 victory over Fiji where Cheika gave four players their international debut.The following week, Australia lost to Scotland for the first ever time in Sydney, losing 24–19. It was the first time ever Australia had lost to Scotland twice in row at home, with the last loss, 9–6 in 2012, the last time Scotland had beaten Australia. Australia's final June test was a 40–27 victory over Italy, though for most of the game the teams weren't separated by many points with the score being 28–27 until the 75th minute. During the 2017 Rugby Championship, <mask> was heavily criticized for his constant changing off match day teams. It wasn't until the last round of the Championship that <mask> retained the previous starting XV in two consecutive matches, for the first time in his Career as Wallabies head coach. The Championship started with a 54–34 hammering to New Zealand, conceding 8 tries in 47 minutes. At the 50 minute mark, the score was 54–6, however Australia clawed back the margin scoring four tries in the last quarter of the game.The return fixture the


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 following, Australia came within minutes of claiming an away victory to New Zealand, leading the All Blacks 29–28 at the 77th minute mark. However a Beauden Barrett try on the 78th minute, saw New Zealand claim a 35–29 victory, despite at one point being behind 17–0 down early on in the game. The third round saw Australia and South Africa draw for the first time since 2001, after the game ended 23–23. The result was repeated in the reverse fixture three weeks later, when it ended 27–27. Australia ended on a high, putting a solid performance against Argentina away, running out victors 37–20. Ahead of the Wallabies Spring tour, <mask> led Australia to a 23–18 victory over the All Blacks in the third Bledisloe Cup. It was the first time since 2015 that the Wallabies had defeated the world champions.This win was backed up by a narrow 31–28 non-test victory over the Barbarians and a week later a 63–30 win over Japan in Yokohama, in what was both experimental sides for Australia. Australia's first major test on their Spring tour came on 11 November, where they faced and defeated Wales, 29–21. Despite the score being 13–6 heading into the final 10 minutes in the England test, Australia went on to lose their first tour match 30–6, conceding 3 tries. Australia's final test was a record defeat at the hands of Scotland, losing 53–24 in Edinburgh for the first time since 2009. 2018–2019
The Wallabies endured a shocking run in 2018; in June, <mask> led the team to a series defeat against Ireland, losing 2–1 having won the first test 18–9. However, a first loss to Ireland at home since 1979 in the second test (26–21) followed


texts: by a close encounter in the third test (16–20), meant Ireland claimed a first ever series win over Australia. Despite losing the series, the Wallabies out scored their opposition in terms of tries, scoring 6 tries to 3.It was also a first for <mask> in the second test, naming an unchanged matchday 23 for two consecutive tests, retaining the same team from the first test. During the 2018 Rugby Championship, <mask> faced severe criticism over the team's form and a string of poor results. His job was openly questioned in the Australian media after the team won only two games during the Championship. Despite leading New Zealand 6–5 in the opening match, the Wallabies went onto lose the match 38–13, and despite being marginally behind the All Blacks in the second test, 7–14 at half time, they also went on to lose that match 40–12. <mask>'s side did manage an impressive 23–18 victory over South Africa to retain the Mandela Challenge Plate. However, the following week, Australia lost to Argentina 23–19, which was the first time since 1983 that Argentina had beaten Australia on home soil. This meant the Wallabies dropped to a record low seventh place on the World Rugby Rankings and, after Round 5, their woes continued as they lost to South Africa 23–12.In the final round, Argentina led Australia 31–7 at half time in Salta. However a record come-back in the second half meant <mask> and his team won 45–34, to secure third place in the Championship. In the third Bledisloe Cup match, held in Japan, the Wallabies put on a better performance but failed to capitalise on their chances, seeing the All Blacks win 37–20. <mask>'s

masks: Cheika Cheika Cheika Cheika Cheika


texts: team endured a similarly dismal run in the 2018 autumn internationals, losing 9–6 to Wales (their first win over Australia since 2008) before salvaging a consolation 26–7 victory against Italy. The Wallabies ended 2018 with a sixth consecutive defeat to England, going down 37–18. The team's win-loss record, having won only four out of thirteen test matches, was their worst since 1958. A review of the team's performance was conducted by the administration of Rugby Australia, with the board electing to back Cheika through to the 2019 World Cup.The decision was widely derided in the Australian sporting press, with speculation rife that the administration were unable to afford to terminate <mask>'s contract. 2019 saw much change in the Australian set-up, beginning with the sacking of Stephen Larkham as attack coach and the introduction of a selection panel made up of Cheika, newly selected Director of Rugby Scott Johnson and <mask>'Connor who acts as an independent away from the national team coaching team. The new process started with a 35–17 loss to South Africa in the opening round of the 2019 Rugby Championship. The following week, Australia gained just their first win of the Championship, defeating Argentina 16–10. However it was the final match against New Zealand that proved a success, after winning 47–26, a joint record defeat for the All Blacks; through this result meant a win in the second Bledisloe Cup match meant Australia would reclaim the title for the first time since 2002. However, the Wallabies lost 36–0 to see the trophy remain in New Zealand. At the 2019 Rugby World Cup Australia won three of

masks:
Cheika
Michael O


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 their four pool matches but a close loss to  led to a quarter-final fixture with .A defeat by 40–16 in that match ended the Australian campaign and the following day <mask> announced that he would resign as head coach by the end of the year. His contract had been due to expire following the World Cup. 2020
Following his departure from Australian Rugby, <mask> took up a role within the NRL with Sydney Roosters Rugby League Team as assistant coach. In September 2020, the Argentine Rugby Union announced that <mask> had joined the team prior to the 2020 Tri Nations Series, taking up an advisory role and re-joining former Wallabies coaching staff, Mario Ledesma. On 20 Nov 2020, it was reported that Lebanon had appointed Cheika as the nation's new head coach ahead of the 2021 Rugby League World Cup

Statistics

International matches as head coach
Note: World Rankings Column shows the World Ranking Australia was placed at on the following Monday after each of their matches

Record by Country

Honours
Australia

World Rugby Coach of the Year
Winner: 2015
Rugby World Cup / Webb Ellis Cup
Runner-up: 2015
The Rugby Championship
Winner: 2015
Runner-up: 2016, 2017, 2019

James Bevan Trophy
Winner: 2014, 2016, 2017
Mandela Challenge Plate
Winner: 2015, 2016, 2017,2018
Puma Trophy
Winner: 2015, 2016, 2017,2018, 2019

Trophée des Bicentenaires
Winner: 2016
Hopetoun Cup
Winner: 2016
Killik Cup
Winner: 2014

New South Wales
Super Rugby
Winner: 2014
Australian Conference winner: 2014, 2015

Stade Français
European Challenge Cup
Runner-up: 2011

Leinster
Heineken Cup
Winner: 2009
Celtic League
Winner: 2008
Runner-up: 2006,


texts:
 2010

Randwick
Shute Shield
 Winner (as coach): 2004
 Winner (as player): 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1996

Personal life
<mask> is the son of Lebanese migrants. He is the youngest of three children and grew up in a working-class home in Coogee, New South Wales. He previously worked for dress designer Collette Dinnigan, before starting a multimillion-dollar fashion business of his own called Live Fashion.<mask> speaks fluent Arabic, French and Italian. He was known among the Leinster rugby fraternity as Mic Check 1–2, a humorous allusion to his name, Craig McLachlan's band and his eagerness that all facets of preparation were scrutinised and reviewed prior to matchday. <mask> married in June 2008. He and his wife Stephanie have four children. He is a fan of the South Sydney Rabbitohs Rugby league team and is first cousin once removed of Adam Doueihi. References

External links
 Lassen Record

1967 births
Living people
Australia national rugby union team coaches
Australian people of Lebanese descent
Sportspeople of Lebanese descent
Australian rugby union coaches
Australian rugby union players
New South Wales Waratahs players
Lebanon national rugby league team coaches
Leinster Rugby non-playing staff
Rugby union players from


texts:
<mask> (born 1953) is an American artist, educator, and photographer. <mask> works primarily with a large-format, 8x10 view camera and focuses on the relationship between humans and nature. Her works have been included in magazines, journals, books and permanent collections, and shown in solo exhibits nationally and internationally. Life and career
<mask> was born in 1953 in Cleveland, Ohio, and grew up in Novelty, Ohio. She studied at Bowling Green State University, where she received her B.A. in Fine Arts in 1975. She earned an M.F.A.in photography at Rochester Institute of Technology in 1983. <mask> worked briefly as a visiting instructor at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, before joining the photography faculty at the Massachusetts College of Art and Design in Boston, Massachusetts in 1984. In 1985, she won a Guggenheim fellowship for her photographic work. She has been professor and Chair of the Photography Department at Massachusetts College of Art. <mask> grew up surrounded by trees, plants, and the outdoors. She creates her views of the natural world using a large-format film camera, exploring subtle relations between humans and landscapes, "unfolding a personal and spiritual connection to the world around us." According to Andy Grundberg, writing in Grand Street, her peers in landscape photography include Laura McPhee, Lois Connor, Terry Evans, Linda Halverson, and Mary Peck, among others.Work

Much of <mask>'s photographic work focuses on landscapes and trees. She spent several months intensively photographing the New England Trail, and more than 14 years visiting and photographing large trees from the National Register. In other photographs such as Indigo Bunting she captures fleeting moments of connection between birds and humans, "incredibly intimate moment[s] of contact" with the tiny creatures appearing "exceptionally vulnerable." <mask> documents the American landscape and how it is affected by humans. <mask> captures details using a view camera, and she often creates diptychs and triptychs from a set of exposures, expanding the area of her

masks:
Barbara Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Barbara Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth


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 images. In her series Birds and Other Angels, the triptych format places her photographs of birds and humans within the wider scope of the forest surrounding them. Although <mask> works in color, she also frequently shoots in black and white, intentionally limiting the image to forms shown in tones of grey, undistracted by color.In her twenty-year retrospective Natural Histories: Photographs by <mask>, about three quarters of the photographs are in black and white and one quarter were in color. In a San Francisco MoMA interview, <mask> asserts that her processes are slowed down due to the use of film, and that the care and thoughtfulness put into her work increases with that time. She takes her time carefully studying the landscapes, which primarily consists of forests, birds, and the people her work has crossed paths with. Like other landscape photographers, <mask>'s asserted interest is in exploring the world at her own pace and appreciating what nature puts in front of her. She believes that observation is necessary to the artistic process and end product. Although she examines what appears before her in the natural world, <mask>'s chosen subject matter remains very personal and depicts specific moments that she has experienced. Her first photographs in and around her home in Ohio were taken from her rectangular living room window, looking out into the Ohio forest.Although her earliest photographs rarely included humans, she increasingly focused on people's connection to and effects on the surrounding environment, and she often mentions her parents and her upbringing as influences. <mask>'s mother developed Parkinson's disease and dementia, while her father passed away from old age. <mask> was able to channel these experiences into her work, drawing on them as an inspiration for her book Behold (2014): "Photography is our validation that we were there." Behold
<mask>'s work was exhibited in the fall of 2014 at the Datz Museum in SinSeong Gol, Gwangju, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. This work was collected and bound by the museum's Datz Press, into the

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Bosworth
Barbara Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth


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 book Behold. <mask>'s photographs connected tall, ancient tree stands with people, animals, streams that seem to flow through nature with time. The exhibition had its opening reception on October 11, 2014.About Behold, <mask> states:

New England Trail

In the fall of 2012, the New England National Park Service hired <mask>  as Artist-in-Residence to take pictures along the New England Trail. Her photos were shown at the exhibition To Be at the Farther Edge: Photographs along the New England Trail at Amherst College in Massachusetts and later throughout New England. This work is her tribute to the genre of Hudson River School style paintings, which have inspired her, and her piece View of the Oxbow from Dry Knob (2012) is a particular tribute to Thomas Cole’s famous painting The Oxbow. Trees: national champions
Many of <mask>’s photographs focus on the landscapes of trees. She explored Holden Arboretum as a child and as an adult with her family. <mask> says trees "are rooted solidly in the earth but point ethereally toward the sky." "Champion trees" are notably the largest trees of each species according to the National Register of Big Trees, and are found in many different locations including backyards, street sides, mountains, and forests.In Trees: national champions, <mask> documents the genera of the trees and also shows how their landscape changes from place to place. Voyage of the Charles W. Morgan
In the summer of 2014, eighty-five people from various backgrounds were invited to sail on the Charles W. Morgan ship from Mystic Seaport in Mystic, CT, to produce creative projects for Mystic Seaport. <mask> was chosen because, "While all of her projects remind viewers that we shape nature, but nature also shapes us." The trip was one day and one night long. During that evening, <mask> created Nocturnal Voyage: The Morgan Series, which consists of five images of the dark sea. The Meadow
In 2015, <mask> collaborated with photographer Margot Anne Kelley to photograph an area of land in Carlisle, Massachusetts, situated among a variety of landscapes with

masks:
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Barbara Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth
Bosworth


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 pathways and abandoned areas. The resulting book The Meadow includes a log documenting the daily life of the previous landowner to reinforce the connection between humans and the land, and incorporates photographs in scrap-book form with fold-out booklets and embellishments.The project has been described as "a meditation on the shifting perspective that occurs when one repeatedly sees the same place through new eyes." Crossing the Frontier, organized by the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, traveling exhibition
 The Altered Landscape, organized by the Reno Museum of Art, traveling exhibition; <mask> is one of the artists included in the accompanying book. Awards and honors
 2016 - Shortlisted for Paris Photo-Aperture Foundation, Photo Book of the Year
 2015 - Pollock-Krasner Foundation, Grant
 2013 - Honored Educator Award, Society for Photographic Education
 2012 - Artist-in-Residence, New England National Scenic Trail, National Park Service
 2012 - Kittredge Fund, Grant
 2010 - Sudbury, Assabet, and Concord Wild and Scenic River Stewardship Council, Wild and Scenic River Grant
 2008 - Marsh Billings Rockefeller National Historical Park, Woodstock, VT, Fellowship
 2008 - Laurel School, Cleveland, OH, Scholar-in-Residence
 2002 - MacDowell Colony, Peterborough, NH, Fellowship
 1998/1999 - Buhl Foundation, New York, NY, Grant
 1995 - John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, Fellowship
 1993, New England Foundation for the Arts
 1992, Artist-in-Residence, Appalachian Environmental Arts Center in North Carolina
 1986, Artist-in-Residence, Bernheim Forest in Kentucky
 1985, Ruttenberg Fellowship, Friends of Photography, San Francisco, CA

Books
 Bosworth, <mask>; Kelley, Margot Anne; Lukitsh, Joanne; Gingerich, Owen (2018). The Heavens. Santa Fe, NM: Radius Books. References

Photographers from Ohio
Massachusetts College of Art and Design faculty
Artists from Cleveland
1953 births
Living people
Bowling Green State University alumni
Rochester Institute of Technology alumni
American women photographers
American women academics
21st-century American

masks: Bosworth Barbara


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<mask> (born <mask>, November 27, 1904 – April 11, 1980) was an American actress best known as the leading lady in most of the Edgar Kennedy comedy shorts. Early life
<mask> was born in Charleston, South Carolina. In the early 1900s, her father and uncle toured with a circus in an aerial act known as "The Flying Silverlakes". Her mother, Edith Goodwin, was an actress. Her parents later appeared in vaudeville in a skit "Family Affair", traveling throughout the South and Southwest United States. <mask> and her younger brother Arthur Silverlake, Jr. became part of the act in 1910. Their mother brought the children to Hollywood to get into the burgeoning film industry.Arthur changed his professional name to <mask> and later achieved great success as "Dagwood Bumstead" in the Blondie movie series. Early career
Before acting in films, <mask> was the leading lady for the Raynor Lehr stock theater company. Her film debut came in New Year's Eve (1929). Comic acting persona
<mask> was petite, with a high-pitched speaking voice. She perfected a comical singsong delivery that established her in "dumb" roles. She personified flightiness in the Kennedy shorts, as the scatterbrained Mrs. Kennedy. After the series ended upon Kennedy's death in 1948, she continued to play character roles in films and television.Her best-known TV

masks:
Florence Lake
Florence Silverlake
Lake
Florence
Arthur Lake
Lake
Lake


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 role was Jenny, the Calverton telephone operator in Lassie. <mask> played the role for the entire ten year "farm seasons" of the show (1954–1964), thus becoming the Lassie player with the longest run on the series. She played the role of Mama Angel in "The Angel and the Outlaw", a 1957 episode of the TV series The Lone Ranger. She also appeared in the first color episode of the TV series Superman in 1957 as a cave woman. On old-time radio, <mask> portrayed Jessie in Charlie and Jessie, Tess Terwilliger in David Harum, Mrs. Featherstone's daughter in The Gay Mrs. Featherstone, and Miss Smith in Phone Again Finnegan. In her later years, <mask> appeared as Elvira Norton on an episode of Dragnet entitled "Frauds". She appeared in an episode of the 1973 situation comedy A Touch of Grace, and later that year played a blind date for the character Lou Grant on The Mary Tyler Moore Show episode, "Lou's First Date".Her last roles were in the TV series Emergency!, Baretta in 1976, and Most Wanted in 1977. (1976-S5Ep18) - as Maggie

References

External links

1904 births
1980 deaths
20th-century American actresses
American film actresses
American television actresses
Actresses from California
People from Greater Los Angeles
Actresses from Charleston, South Carolina
Burials at Woodlawn Memorial Cemetery, Santa

masks: Lake Lake Lake


texts:
<mask> (born 1994) is a Nigerian writer, editor, culture journalist and curator. He is editor-in-chief of Open Country Mag, an African literary magazine. He is editor of Folio Nigeria, a CNN affiliate which covers Nigerian art, business, and entertainment. He was deputy editor of Brittle Paper. In 2019, he won the inaugural The Future Awards Africa Prize for Literature. He has been described as among the "top curators and editors from Africa" and listed among "the 100 most influential young Nigerians." Career
<mask> was born in Aba, Nigeria.He studied at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. He taught at Godfrey Okoye University, Enugu. He has served on the judging panel of the Gerald Kraak Prize, an initiative for writing and visual art about on gender, social justice and sexuality. He was a judge for the Miles Morland Foundation Writing Scholarship. He is an editor at 14, Nigeria’s first queer art collective. He is the founder of the Art Naija Series anthologies which include Enter Naija: The Book of Places and Work Naija: The Book of Vocations. Views on LGBTQ Literature
Obi-Young is considered a leading advocate for LGBTQ writing in Africa.In a 2017 letter titled “Queer Literature in Africa Is Not a Trend,” he addressed critical views of queer writing in African literature. “To write literature humanizing queerness is a political act: because writing itself is political, because to humanize queerness is a decision in much the same way that to demonize it is, but a decision to be honest and empathetic and truthful, because to tell the truth is a decision,” he wrote.

masks:
Otosirieze Obi Young
Otosirieze Obi Young