texts:
 Division 15's military band. He was released from the army in October 2011. After they were discharged from army, J-Walk has signed under A&G Modes and released some digital songs. They returned with mini album "Love...Painfully" with main track "Strive" in December 2013. Robot Actor
In September 2013, Su-won starred in the idol edition of "Love and War" but he was criticized for his poor acting, which has been labeled "robot-acting" and "unwatchable". In 2014, people stopped criticizing him because of his nice attitude and good performance on the show Radio Star.Moreover, he regained fame with his imitations of his poor acting at variety shows which led to many offers of CFs (advertisements). <mask>-won also starred in the drama "Misaengmool", which was a parody version of the popular drama "Misaeng" as the main character <mask> Rae. However, people were dissatisfied with his improved acting skills, and even missed his "robot-acting." 2016: Reunite As SechsKies
In 2016, SechsKies finally reunited after their disbandment 16 years ago in a famous Korean variety TV show called "Infinite Challenge". They held a pop-up reunion concert on 14 April, the day before the anniversary of SechsKies' debut. After Infinite Challenge aired, Sechs Kies earned many more fans; their hit songs ranked high in music charts and “Couple” was seen in 11th place in Music Bank. With their growing popularity, YG Entertainment officially announced that they signed a contract with SechsKies except for Ko Ji Yong on May 11.On October 7, SechsKies released a new digital single "Three Words (세 단어)" which topped all 8 major music charts shortly after release, achieving all-kill status. It also ranked high in Asian music charts and global iTunes in Taiwan and is among top tracks on iTunes charts in Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and others. It is revealed that Su-won wanted to get back together the most in the  Radio Star and led the way so he enjoys

masks:
Jang Su
Jang Geu


type: original

texts:
 reunion very much. Also, he received more invitation after reunion and joined many different activities and TV shows. On November 23, YG announced that SechsKies' new album will be released on December 1, 2016. The new album "2016 Re-ALBUM" contains 10 past hit songs of SechsKies that were rearranged and remastered by YG producers, and is prepared a special gift for fans. SechsKies continued the Yellow Note concert tour on December 10 in Daegu and on December 24–25 in Busan.On October 31, all SechsKies tour concert seats for December were sold out within a few minutes. On December 16, YG announced SechsKies is to hold a "Yellow Note Final in Seoul" concert on January 21 and 22 at the Jamsil Indoor Stadium. On December 22, all 13,000 tickets were sold out within three minutes. At the end of the year, SechsKies won several awards including Click! Star Wars Awards Hall of Fame, the 6th Gaon Chart Music Awards The Kpop Contribution of The Year, the 8th Melon Music Awards Hall of Fame, the 31st Golden Disc Awards Best Male Group Performance and the 26th Seoul Music Awards Bonsang. 2017: The 20th Anniversary

On April 19, YG announced that SechsKies' new album "The 20th Anniversary" will be released on April 28, 2017. Along with the release of the album, two title tracks will be promoted are "Sad Song" and "Be Well".The album topped the charts in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Taiwan, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Australia and United States. SECHSKIES's album also topped Mnet, Bugs, Genie and Naver Chart. All the songs in the album made it to the top 100 on the Melon chart, which is remarkable and shows that SECHSKIES has a wide fan base. SechsKies album topped Gaon Chart and Hanteo real time chart, daily chart and weekly chart. "Be Well" also topped Gaon Digital Chart, Download Chart, BGM Chart and Mobile Chart for the 1st week of May. SechsKies held consecutive wins for the title track "Be Well" on MBC Music Core in May.


texts:
 They also won for the #1 spot on KBS Music Bank.On May 4, SechsKies held their first fansign event after 18 years at Time Square located in Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul. The venue was filled with more than 3,000 fans gathered to see them. On May 12, YG announced that SechsKies' will debuting in Japan after 20 years debut in Korea. SechsKies' album "The 20th Anniversary" Japan Edition will be released on July 19. YG announced SechsKies' will held their first Japan Fan Meeting at the Yokohama Bay Hall in Kanagawa on July 23 and at the Namba Hatch in Osaka on September 3. On June 9, YG announced SechsKies' will held their first Korea Fan Meeting since their reunion at the SK Olympic Handball Gymnasium in Seoul on July 15. On June 26, all tickets were sold out within one minutes.On August 7, YG announced SechsKies is to hold "20th Anniversary Concert" on September 23 at the Gocheok Sky Dome. On August 22, all tickets were sold out within a few minutes. After collaboration
Su-won opened his own clothing line in the United States and provided uniforms for JYJ Kim Junsu's Hotel. He also has opened a Singapore restaurant, "Yummy Kampong," in Dongdaemun. Personal life
On June 12, 2021, <mask>'s agency announced that he and his non-celebrity girlfriend were planning their wedding. and the wedding will be held on November 14, 2021, in a private ceremony. Invite only acquaintances and family.Discography

J-Walk
Suddenly (2002)
Someday (2002)
Sun Shower (여우비)(EP) (2007)
My Love(2008)
Frappuccino (EP) (2013)
Love...Painfully (EP) (2013)

JnC
The New History Begins (J-Walk & Click-B Project Album), (2004)

Others
1990s with Joon Park, Lee Ji-hye, EXID's Hyerin (Digital single from The Event King Of The Month), (2016)

Music credits

Filmography

Film

Variety Shows

Endorsement

References

1980 births
K-pop singers
Living people
DSP Media artists
Sechs Kies members
South Korean male idols
South Korean male film actors
South Korean male singers
South


texts:
<mask> (died 495 BC) was the legendary seventh and final king of Rome, reigning 25 years until the popular uprising that led to the establishment of the Roman Republic. He is commonly known as Tarquin the Proud, from his cognomen Superbus (Latin for "proud, arrogant, lofty"). Ancient accounts of the regal period mingle history and legend. Tarquin was said to have been the son or grandson of <mask>, the fifth king of Rome, and to have gained the throne through the murders of both his wife and his elder brother, followed by the assassination of his predecessor, Servius Tullius. His reign is described as a tyranny that justified the abolition of the monarchy. Background
Tarquin was said to be the son or grandson of <mask>, the fifth king of Rome, and Tanaquil. Tanaquil had engineered her husband's succession to the Roman kingdom on the death of Ancus Marcius.When the sons of Marcius subsequently arranged the elder Tarquin's assassination in 579 BC, Tanaquil placed Servius Tullius on the throne, in preference to her own sons or grandsons. According to an Etruscan tradition, the hero Macstarna, usually equated with Servius Tullius, defeated and killed a Roman named Gnaeus <mask>, and rescued the brothers Caelius and Aulus Vibenna from captivity. This may recollect an otherwise forgotten attempt by the sons of Tarquin the Elder to reclaim the throne.<ref>Cornell, The Beginnings of Rome, pp. 133–141.</ref>

To forestall further dynastic strife, Servius married his daughters, known to history as Tullia Major and Tullia Minor, to <mask> <mask>, the future king, and his brother Arruns. One of Tarquin's sisters, Tarquinia, married Marcus Junius Brutus, and was the mother of <mask> Brutus, one of the men who would later lead the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom. The

masks:
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius
Lucius Tarquinius
Superbus
Lucius Junius


texts:
 elder sister, Tullia Major, was of mild disposition, yet married the ambitious Tarquin. Her younger sister, Tullia Minor, was of fiercer temperament, but her husband Arruns was not.She came to despise him, and conspired with Tarquin to bring about the deaths of Tullia Major and Arruns. After the murder of their spouses, Tarquin and Tullia were married. Together, they had three sons: Titus, Arruns, and Sextus, and a daughter, Tarquinia, who married Octavius Mamilius, the prince of Tusculum. Overthrow of Servius Tullius
Tullia encouraged her husband to advance his own position, ultimately persuading him to usurp Servius. Tarquin solicited the support of the patrician senators, especially those from houses that had been raised to senatorial rank under Tarquin the Elder. He bestowed presents upon them, and spread criticism of Servius the king. In time, Tarquin felt ready to seize the throne.He went to the senate-house with a group of armed men, sat himself on the throne, and summoned the senators to attend upon King Tarquin. He then spoke to the senators, denigrating Servius as a slave born of a slave; for failing to be elected by the senate and the people during an interregnum, as had been the tradition for the election of kings of Rome; for having become king through the machinations of a woman; for favouring the lower classes of Rome over the wealthy, and for taking the land of the upper classes for distribution to the poor; and for instituting the census so that the wealth of the upper classes might be exposed in order to excite popular envy. When word of this brazen deed reached Servius, he hurried to the curia to confront Tarquin, who leveled the same accusations against his father-in-law, and then in his youth and vigor carried the king outside and


texts:
 flung him down the steps of the senate-house and into the street. The king's retainers fled, and as he made his way, dazed and unattended, toward the palace, the aged Servius was set upon and murdered by Tarquin's assassins, perhaps on the advice of his own daughter. Tullia, meanwhile, drove in her chariot to the senate-house, where she was the first to hail her husband as king. But Tarquin bade her return home, concerned that the crowd might do her violence. As she drove toward the Urbian Hill, her driver stopped suddenly, horrified at the sight of the king's body, lying in the street.But in a frenzy, Tullia herself seized the reins, and drove the wheels of her chariot over her father's corpse. The king's blood spattered against the chariot and stained Tullia's clothes, so that she brought a gruesome relic of the murder back to her house. The street where Tullia disgraced the dead king afterward became known as the Vicus Sceleratus, the Street of Crime. Reign

Tarquin commenced his reign by refusing to bury the dead Servius, and then putting to death a number of leading senators, whom he suspected of remaining loyal to Servius. By not replacing the slain senators, and not consulting the senate on matters of government, he diminished both the size and the authority of the senate. In another break with tradition, Tarquin judged capital crimes without the advice of counselors, causing fear amongst those who might think to oppose him. He made a powerful ally when he betrothed his daughter to Octavius Mamilius of Tusculum, among the most eminent of the Latin chiefs.Early in his reign, Tarquin called a meeting of the Latin leaders to discuss the bonds between Rome and the Latin towns. The meeting was held at a grove sacred to the goddess Ferentina. At the


texts: meeting, Turnus Herdonius inveighed against Tarquin's arrogance, and warned his countrymen against trusting the Roman king. Tarquin then bribed Turnus' servant to store a large number of swords in his master's lodging. Tarquin called together the Latin leaders, and accused Turnus of plotting his assassination. The Latin leaders accompanied Tarquin to Turnus' lodging and, the swords then being discovered, the Latin's guilt was then speedily inferred. Turnus was condemned to be thrown into a pool of water in the grove, with a wooden frame, or cratis, placed over his head, into which stones were thrown, drowning him.The meeting of the Latin chiefs then continued, and Tarquin persuaded them to renew their treaty with Rome, becoming her allies rather than her enemies. It was agreed that the soldiers of the Latins would attend at the grove on an appointed day, and form a united military force with the Roman army. Next, Tarquin instigated a war against the Volsci, taking the wealthy town of Suessa Pometia. He celebrated a triumph, and with the spoils of this conquest, he commenced the erection of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, which Tarquin the Elder had vowed. He then engaged in a war with Gabii, one of the Latin cities that had rejected the treaty with Rome. Unable to take the city by force of arms, Tarquin resorted to another stratagem. His son, Sextus, pretending to be ill-treated by his father, and covered with the bloody marks of stripes, fled to Gabii.The infatuated inhabitants entrusted him with the command of their troops, and when he had obtained the unlimited confidence of the citizens, he sent a messenger to his father to inquire how he should deliver the city into his hands. The king, who was walking in his garden when the messenger


texts:
 arrived, made no reply, but kept striking off the heads of the tallest poppies with his stick. Sextus took the hint, and put to death, or banished on false charges, all the leading men of Gabii, after which he had no difficulty in compelling the city to submit. Tarquin agreed upon a peace with the Aequi, and renewed the treaty of peace between Rome and the Etruscans. According to the Fasti Triumphales, he won a victory over the Sabines, and established Roman colonies at the towns of Signia and Circeii. At Rome, Tarquin leveled the top of the Tarpeian Rock, overlooking the Forum, and removed a number of ancient Sabine shrines, in order to make way for the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capitoline Hill. He constructed tiers of seats in the circus, and ordered the excavation of Rome's great sewer, the cloaca maxima.According to one story, Tarquin was approached by the Cumaean Sibyl, who offered him nine books of prophecy at an exorbitant price. Tarquin abruptly refused, and the Sibyl proceeded to burn three of the nine. She then offered him the remaining books, but at the same price. He hesitated, but refused again. The Sibyl then burned three more books before offering him the three remaining books at the original price. At last Tarquin accepted, in this way obtaining the Sibylline Books.Pliny the Elder, Historia Naturalis, xiii. 88.Overthrow and exile

In 509 BC, having angered the Roman populace through the pace and burden of constant building, Tarquin embarked on a campaign against the Rutuli. At that time, the Rutuli were a very wealthy nation, and Tarquin was keen to obtain the spoils that would come with victory, in hopes of assuaging the ire of his subjects. Failing to take their capital of Ardea by storm, the king determined to take the


texts: city by siege. With little prospect of battle, the young noblemen in the king's army fell to drinking and boasting. When the subject turned to the virtue of their wives, <mask> Collatinus claimed to have the most dedicated of spouses. With his companions, they secretly visited each other's homes, and discovered all of the wives enjoying themselves, except for Lucretia, the wife of Collatinus, who was engaged in domestic activities. Lucretia received the princes graciously, and together her beauty and virtue kindled the flame of desire in Collatinus' cousin, Sextus <mask>, the king's son.After a few days, Sextus returned to Collatia, where he implored Lucretia to give herself to him. When she refused, he threatened to kill her, and claim that he had discovered her in the act of adultery with a slave, if she did not yield to him. To spare her husband the shame threatened by Sextus, Lucretia submitted to his whims. But when he had departed for the camp, she sent for her husband and father, revealing the whole affair, and accusing Sextus. Despite the pleas of her family, Lucretia took her own life out of shame. Collatinus, together with his father-in-law, Spurius Lucretius Tricipitinus, and his companions, <mask> Brutus and Publius Valerius, swore an oath to expel the king and his family from Rome. As Tribune of the Celeres, Brutus was head of the king's personal bodyguard, and entitled to summon the Roman comitia.This he did, and by recounting the various grievances of the people, the king's abuses of power, and by inflaming public sentiment with the tale of the rape of Lucretia, Brutus persuaded the comitia to revoke the king's imperium and send him into exile. Tullia fled the city in fear of the mob, while Sextus Tarquinius, his deed revealed, fled to

masks:
Lucius Tarquinius
Tarquinius
Lucius Junius


texts: Gabii, where he hoped for the protection of the Roman garrison. However, his previous conduct there had made him many enemies, and he was soon assassinated. In place of the king, the comitia centuriata resolved to elect two consuls to hold power jointly. Lucretius, the prefect of the city, presided over the election of the first consuls, Brutus and Collatinus. When word of the uprising reached the king, Tarquin abandoned Ardea, and sought support from his allies in Etruria. The cities of Veii and Tarquinii sent contingents to join the king's army, and he prepared to march upon Rome.Brutus, meanwhile, prepared a force to meet the returning army. In a surprising reversal, Brutus demanded that his colleague, Collatinus, resign the consulship and go into exile, because he bore the hated name of Tarquinius. Stunned by this betrayal, Collatinus complied, and his father-in-law was chosen to succeed him. Meanwhile, the king sent ambassadors to the senate, ostensibly to request the return of his personal property, but in reality to subvert a number of Rome's leading men. When this plot was discovered, those found guilty were put to death by the consuls. Brutus was forced to condemn to death his two sons, Titus and Tiberius, who had taken part in the conspiracy. Leaving <mask> in charge of the city, Brutus departed to meet the king upon the field of battle.At the Battle of Silva Arsia, the Romans won a hard-fought victory over the king and his Etruscan allies. Each side sustained painful losses; the consul Brutus and his cousin, Arruns <mask>, fell in battle against each other. After this failure, Tarquin turned to Lars Porsena, the king of Clusium. Porsena's march on Rome and the valiant defense of the Romans achieved legendary status, giving rise to the story

masks: Lucius Tarquinius


texts:
 of Horatius at the bridge, and the bravery of Gaius Mucius Scaevola. Accounts vary as to whether Porsena finally entered Rome, or was thwarted, but modern scholarship suggests that he was able to occupy the city briefly before withdrawing. In any case, his efforts were of no avail to the exiled Roman king. Tarquin's final attempt to regain the Roman kingdom came in 498 or 496 BC, when he persuaded his son-in-law, Octavius Mamilius, dictator of Tusculum, to march on Rome at the head of a Latin army.The Roman army was led by the dictator Albus Postumius Albus and his Master of the Horse, Titus Aebutius Elva, while the elderly king and his last remaining son, <mask>, accompanied by a force of Roman exiles, fought alongside the Latins. Once more the battle was hard-fought and narrowly decided, with both sides suffering great losses. Mamilius was slain, the master of the horse grievously injured, and <mask> barely escaped with his life. But in the end, the Latins abandoned the field, and Rome retained her independence. After the Latin defeat and the death of his son-in-law, Tarquin went to the court of Aristodemus at Cumae, where he died in 495. Modern representations
William Shakespeare alludes to Tarquin in his plays, Titus Andronicus, Julius Caesar, Coriolanus, Macbeth, and Cymbeline. In 1765, Patrick Henry gave a speech before the Virginia House of Burgesses in opposition to the Stamp Act of 1765.Toward the end of his speech, he inserted as a rhetorical flourish a comparison between King George III and various historical figures who were brought low by their enemies, including Charles I, Caesar, and, in some accounts, Tarquin. The cultural phenomenon known as "tall poppy syndrome," in which persons of unusual merit are attacked or resented because of

masks:
Titus Tarquinius
Titus Tarquinius


texts:
 their achievements, derives its name from the episode in Livy in which Tarquin is said to have instructed his son Sextus to weaken the city of Gabii by destroying its leading men. The motif of using an unwitting messenger to deliver such a message through the metaphor of cutting the heads off the tallest poppies may have been borrowed from Herodotus, whose Histories contain a similar story involving ears of wheat instead of poppies. A passage concerning Livy's version of the story appears in Kierkegaard's Fear and Trembling. Benjamin Britten employed the character in his 1946 chamber opera The Rape of Lucretia. Tarquin also appears in the fourth book of The Trials of Apollo series by Rick Riordan. He is depicted as a zombie king who attacks the demigods for trying to rewrite the Sybilline Books.References

Bibliography
 Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Romaike Archaiologia (Roman Antiquities). Titus Livius (Livy), History of Rome. Gaius Plinius Secundus (Pliny the Elder), Historia Naturalis (Natural History). Maurus Servius Honoratus (Servius), Ad Virgilii Aeneidem Commentarii (Commentary on Vergil's Aeneid). The Oxford Companion to American Literature, 6th ed., Oxford University Press, (1995). D.P. Simpson, Cassell's Latin and English Dictionary, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York (1963).Timothy J. Cornell, The Beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (c. 1000–264 BC), Routledge, London (1995). John Lippitt, Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Kierkegaard and 'Fear and Trembling''', Routledge (2003). External links

 Britannica: Tarquin, King of Rome
 Stemma Tarquiniorum

6th-century BC births
495 BC deaths
5th-century BC Romans
6th-century BC Romans
6th-century BC monarchs
Kings of Rome
Monarchs who abdicated
Etruscan


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<mask> (born <mask>, 23 December 1985), also known as Blood Orange and formerly Lightspeed Champion, is an English singer, songwriter, record producer and director based in New York City. From 2004 to 2006, Hynes was a member of the band Test Icicles, playing guitar, synth, and occasionally performing vocals. They released one full-length album in 2005. Hynes went on to release two solo studio albums as Lightspeed Champion and subsequently five more as Blood Orange, between 2008 and 2019. He has written, played or produced for and with artists such as Tinashe, Solange Knowles, Connan Mockasin, Tei Shi, Sky Ferreira, FKA twigs, Haim, Florence and the Machine, Carly Rae Jepsen, The Chemical Brothers, Kylie Minogue, A$AP Rocky, Mac Miller, Blondie, Harry Styles, Jazmine Sullivan, and Mariah Carey. Early life
<mask> was born and raised in Ilford, East London to a Guyanese mother and a Sierra Leone Creole father. He was educated at the Chadwell Heath Foundation School, now known as Chadwell Heath Academy.From their formation in 2004 until their break-up in 2006, <mask> was a member of the dance-punk band Test Icicles, playing guitar, synth, and occasionally performing vocals. They released one full-length album, For Screening Purposes Only, in 2005. <mask> relocated to New York in 2007 where he resides. Solo work

Lightspeed Champion
In early 2007, <mask>, under the name Lightspeed Champion, recorded his debut album in Omaha, Nebraska with Saddle Creek producer Mike Mogis. A number of Omaha-based musicians appeared on the record, including Mogis

masks:
Devonté Hynes
David Joseph Michael Hynes
Dev Hynes
Hynes
Hynes
Hynes


texts: himself, trumpet player and pianist Nate Walcott, The Faint's drummer Clark Baechle and guest vocalist Emmy the Great, along with moonlighting members of Cursive and Tilly and the Wall. These recording sessions resulted in the single "Galaxy of the Lost", released on 30 July 2007, and the album Falling Off the Lavender Bridge, released on 21 January 2008. The name 'Lightspeed Champion' comes from a series of comic strips Hynes drew as a teenager in his school mathematics books.The touring band for the Falling Off the Lavender Bridge album at various points consisted of friends of Hynes' from other bands, including Florence Welch of Florence and the Machine and Emmy the Great. Mike Siddell, formerly of Hope of the States, played violin with the band. Anna Prior, formerly of Leeds bands Dead Disco and The Ivories, played drums for most of the tour. Other guest members to have contributed in live shows include Alex Turner of the Arctic Monkeys, Faris Badwan of The Horrors, Frederick Blood-Royale of Ox.Eagle.Lion.Man, Jack Peñate and Eugene McGuinness as well as We Are Scientists' Keith Murray on Late Night with Conan O'Brien on 6 June 2008. Backed by a full band, Hynes appeared at the NME 2008 Awards, broadcast on Channel 4 on 29 February 2008, dressed as characters from Star Wars, including Princess Leia on the drums. The band's affinity with Star Wars continued when they played the main theme to the trilogy at the Wireless Festival in 2008. Hynes and a violinist Mike Siddell began a short US tour in March 2008, ending with an appearance at SXSW


texts: in 2008.At SXSW, they befriended The Wombats, who supported them at a Royal Albert Hall concert. Hynes also performed with We Are Scientists at the Glastonbury in 2008 (John Peel Stage) and appeared at Belgian music festival Pukkelpop in August 2008. By the end of what became a two-year touring period, <mask> had suffered severe damage to his throat, and had to undergo extensive surgery. He took a two and a half-year hiatus from touring, appearing occasionally to play shows in New York and a top billed slot at the Carling Festival in 2009. In December 2008, <mask> was asked on behalf of the British Film Institute to perform the soundtrack of the cult Hal Ashby film Harold and Maude after a screening of the performance. Hynes had to cancel this due to an operation he had to undergo on his throat. The event was rescheduled for May 2009.In July 2009 <mask> reprised the soundtrack and performed at Latitude Festival. In June 2009, Hynes performed at the Barbican Centre in London in commemoration of the composer Moondog, singing renditions along with London Saxophonic of songs from the Moondog album Sax Pax for a Sax. He also sang "Fujiyama Part 2" backed by The Britten Sinfonia. In April 2010, <mask> returned to the Barbican to perform with The Triffids for a special concert in honour of their singer David McComb along with Warren Ellis, Tindersticks and members of The Brian Jonestown Massacre. He returned for a two-week European tour in June 2010. <mask> has recorded a number of bootlegs and unofficial releases, made available to the public through

masks: Hynes Hynes Hynes Hynes Hynes


texts:
 his blog and MySpace. These include an album written and recorded entirely in a day and an EP consisting of covers of Green Day songs.The second Lightspeed Champion album, Life Is Sweet! Nice to Meet You, was released in 2010. <mask> retired the project to focus fully on his Blood Orange project. Blood Orange

With Lightspeed Champion on effective hiatus, Hynes decided to concentrate on a new musical project more focused on R&B and electronica, called Blood Orange. Various live performances under this alias have taken place in New York and London within November and December 2009, consisting of Hynes, a guitar, and a laptop. On 17 December 2009, Hynes performed a song titled "Forget It" on the final It's On with Alexa Chung show on MTV. He performed to a backing track dressed in a wizard costume.Hynes' debut single under the moniker Blood Orange, "Dinner", was released in January 2011 on Terrible Records, with an accompanying video directed by Alan Del Rio that debuted on Pitchfork TV. Following this, his full-length record Coastal Grooves was released in August 2011 on Domino Records. The song "Sutphin Boulevard" was featured on the 17 January 2011 premiere episode of the MTV show Skins. On 9 April 2012, <mask> embarked on a tour as Blood Orange opening for Florence and the Machine. In November 2013, Hynes released the second Blood Orange album, Cupid Deluxe. The album features guest appearances, including performances from David Longstreth (Dirty Projectors), Caroline Polachek (Chairlift), Samantha Urbani (Friends), Clams Casino, Despot, Adam

masks: Hynes Hynes


texts: Bainbridge (Kindness), Skepta and more. The album was promoted by three singles: "Chamakay", "You're Not Good Enough" and "Uncle ACE".The album was streamed in full on <mask>' own YouTube channel on 5 November 2013. The album also includes a cover of "I Can Only Disappoint U", originally by the British rock group Mansun under the title "Always Let You Down". In November, Blood Orange appeared on the cover of The Fader in its 89th issue. Hynes scored the 2013 film Palo Alto, directed by Gia Coppola. On 8 January 2014, it was announced that Blood Orange was on the line-up for Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in Indio, California. In November 2015, Hynes released a collaborative EP with New Zealand psychedelic pop artist Connan Mockasin titled Myths 001: Collaborative Recordings Captured in Marfa, TX 9–16 March 2015. On 18 April 2016, <mask> announced his third record under the Blood Orange moniker would be entitled Freetown Sound.It was released on 28 June 2016, three days ahead of the planned 1 July 2016 release. His album Freetown Sound was shortlisted by IMPALA (The Independent Music Companies Association) for the Album of the Year Award 2016, which rewards on a yearly basis the best album released on an independent European label. On 19 July 2018, <mask> announced his fourth studio album under the Blood Orange moniker, Negro Swan, and released in the following week its first two singles: "Charcoal Baby" and "Jewelry". The album was released on 24 August 2018. On 25 June 2019, <mask> announced his fifth release under the Blood Orange

masks: Hynes Hynes Hynes Hynes


texts:
 moniker in an interview with Cultured Magazine. The mixtape, titled Angel's Pulse, was released on 12 July 2019. Writing and producing for other artists

Hynes has written and contributed songs to a number of other acts.His arrangements and vocals have appeared on songs by The Chemical Brothers ("All Rights Reversed", from 2007's Grammy Award winning album We Are the Night), and Basement Jaxx, on their album Scars. <mask> has co-written and produced songs for Diana Vickers on Songs from the Tainted Cherry Tree, another No. 1 debutante on the UK Albums Chart. He has also produced and written songs for Theophilus London, including his second album, Vibes, released in 2014, and the 2011 EP, Lovers Holiday, which he also featured on. Hynes contributed music to the 2010 film MacGruber, including the duet "Rock My Body" with Saturday Night Live cast member Kristen Wiig. In late 2011, he produced Australian noise pop duo Bleeding Knees Club's debut album Noth ing to Do, which was released on 2 March 2012. He co-wrote and co-produced Solange Knowles' 2012 EP True.<mask> has co-written the song "Everything Is Embarrassing" for Sky Ferreira. He worked with Britney Spears on her eighth album, Britney Jean, however, none of his songs made the final cut. He co-wrote and co-produced Kylie Minogue's song "Crystallize", a charity single for One Note Against Cancer. Hynes co-wrote and produced "All That" with Carly Rae Jepsen for her album E•MO•TION, and also co-wrote "Body Language" for her EP Emotion: Side B.

Hynes co-wrote two songs on Spector's second


texts:
 album, Moth Boys, "Cocktail Party / Heads Interlude" and "Decade of Decay". Hynes also co-wrote "Difficult Phone Call", a track on the extended version of the album. Hynes was also one of the producers on the album. Hynes produced and was featured on Hun43rd by A$AP Rocky, off of Rocky's third studio album, Testing.Hynes was also featured on Self Care by Mac Miller, off of Mac's album Swimming. Hynes and collaborator Ian Isiah co-created and performed an adaptation of "Grateful" by gospel singer Hezekiah Walker for a fashion show by New York based designer Telfar Clemens. Hynes co-wrote with Deborah Harry Blondie's single "Long Time", included on the band's eleventh album Pollinator. it was released as its second single and reached the #5 on the Billboard's Hot Dance Chart and #19 on the Adult Alternative Songs. It was also a hit in United Kingdom. In 2021, Hynes was also featured on Alien Love Call, a single by Turnstile. Classical music and scores
Hynes has collaborated several times with composer Philip Glass, performing his piano Etudes for radio, at Carnegie Hall and the Kennedy Center.Hynes has written scores for art pieces and film in collaboration with Alex Da Corte, Josh Kline & the Palo Alto score for the movie of the same name by Gia Coppola. A special performance of Eastern Sports was performed at ICA Philadelphia in 2015 and at the Whitney Museum of Art in 2017. Two performances of the "Palo Alto" score took place in 2016. In 2019, Hynes composed the score for the film Queen & Slim. Discography

Blood Orange
 Coastal Grooves (2011)


texts:
 Cupid Deluxe (2013)
 Freetown Sound (2016)
 Negro Swan (2018)
 Angel's Pulse (2019)

Lightspeed Champion
 Falling Off the Lavender Bridge (2008)
 Life Is Sweet! Nice to Meet You (2010)

Devonté Hynes
 Palo Alto (2013)
 Fields with Third Coast Percussion (2019)
Queen & Slim (2019)
We Are Who We Are (2020)
Mainstream (2020)
Passing (2021)

References

External links

 Official website
 <mask>s on Facebook
 <mask>s on YouTube
 Lightspeed Champion on Myspace

1985 births
Living people
Musicians from London
21st-century Black British male singers
British expatriates in the United States
English folk musicians
English people of Guyanese descent
Sierra Leone Creole people
English people of Sierra Leonean descent
English record producers
Domino Recording Company artists
Test Icicles

masks:
Dev Hyne
Dev Hyne


texts:
<mask>,  (; December 25, 1904 – March 3, 1999) was a German-Canadian pioneering physicist and physical chemist, who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1971, "for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals". <mask>'s main work concerned atomic and molecular spectroscopy. He is well known for using these techniques that determine the structures of diatomic and polyatomic molecules, including free radicals which are difficult to investigate in any other way, and for the chemical analysis of astronomical objects. <mask> served as Chancellor of Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada from 1973 to 1980. Early life and family

<mask> was born in Hamburg, Germany on December 25, 1904 to Albin H<mask> and Ella Biber. He had an older brother, Walter, who was born in January 1904. Herzberg started Vorschule (pre-school) late, after contracting measles.<mask> and his family were atheists and kept this fact hidden. His father died in 1914, at 43 years of age, after having suffered from dropsy and complications due to an earlier heart condition. <mask> graduated Vorschule shortly after his father's death. His wife died in 1971. Education and career
Initially, <mask> considered a career in astronomy, but his application to the Hamburg Observatory was returned advising him not to pursue a career in the field without private financial support. After completing high school at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums, <mask> continued his education at Darmstadt University of Technology with the help of a private scholarship. <mask> completed his Dr.-Ing.degree under Hans Rau in 1928. 1992 Sworn into the Queen's Privy Council for Canada
 1999 Died aged 94

Honours and awards
<mask>'s most significant award was the 1971 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which he was awarded "for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals". During

masks: Gerhard Heinrich Friedrich Otto Julius Herzberg


texts:
 the presentation speech, it was noted that at the time of the award, <mask> was "generally considered to be the world's foremost  molecular spectroscopist." <mask> was honoured with memberships or fellowships by a very large number of scientific societies, received many awards and honorary degrees in different countries. The NSERC <mask> Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering, Canada's highest research award, was named in his honour in 2000. The Canadian Association of Physicists also has an annual award named in his honour. The Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics is named for him.He was made a member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science. Asteroid 3316 Herzberg is named after him. In 1964 he was awarded the  Frederic Ives Medal by the OSA. At Carleton University, there is a building named after him that belongs to the Physics and Mathematics/Statistics Departments, Herzberg Laboratories. <mask> was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1951. The main building of John Abbott College in Montreal is named after him. Carleton University named the Herzberg Laboratories building after him.A public park in the College Park neighbourhood of Saskatoon also bears his name. Books and publications
<mask> authored some classic works in the field of spectroscopy, including Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure and the encyclopaedic four volume work: Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure, which is often called the spectroscopist's bible. The three volumes of Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure were re-issued by Krieger in 1989, including extensive new footnotes by <mask>. Volume IV of the series, "Constants of diatomic molecules" is purely a reference work, a compendium of known spectroscopic constants (and therefore a bibliography of molecular spectroscopy) of diatomic molecules up until 1978. Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure. (Dover Books, New York, 2010, )
 The spectra and structures of simple free

masks:
Herzberg
Herzberg
Gerhard Herzberg
Herzberg
Herzberg
Herzberg


texts:
 radicals: An introduction to molecular spectroscopy. (Dover Books, New York, 1971, ).Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure: I. Spectra of Diatomic Molecules. (Krieger, 1989, )
 Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure: II. Infrared and Raman Spectra of Polyatomic Molecules. (Krieger, 1989, )
 Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure: III. Electronic Spectra and Electronic Structure of Polyatomic Molecules. (Krieger, 1989, )
 Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules, K. P. Huber and G. <mask>, (Van nostrand Reinhold company, New York, 1979, ).Archives
There are <mask> fonds at Library and Archives Canada and at National Research Council Canada. See also

 List of German Canadians

References

Further reading

External links
  including the Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1971 Spectroscopic Studies of Molecular Structure
 Science.ca profile
 Canadian Science and Technology Museum Hall of Fame
 Encyclopædia Britannica entry

1904 births
1999 deaths
Canadian atheists
Canadian Nobel laureates
20th-century Canadian astronomers
Canadian physical chemists
Chancellors of Carleton University
Companions of the Order of Canada
Cornell University faculty
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellows of the Royal Society
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Founding members of the World Cultural Council
University of Göttingen faculty
University of Chicago faculty
Canadian people of German-Jewish descent
German atheists
German physical chemists
German emigrants to Canada
German Nobel laureates
Members of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science
Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada
Nobel laureates in Chemistry
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Scientists from Hamburg
Faraday Lecturers
Spectroscopists
Academics of the University of Bristol
Technische Universität Darmstadt alumni
People educated at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums
Technische Universität Darmstadt

masks:
Herzberg
Gerhard Herzberg


texts:
<mask> (born October 24, 1974), also known by his stage name <mask>, is a Filipino politician and actor currently serving as the 22nd Mayor of Manila since 2019. Before heading the capital of the Philippines, he started to gain notability as an actor and television personality. He entered politics in 1998 and ran for Councilor and was elected for three consecutive terms. In 2007, he ran as Vice Mayor of Manila and was elected for three consecutive terms. In 2016, He was term-limited as Vice Mayor and unsuccessfully ran for Senator in the 2016 senatorial elections. He placed 16th out of 50 candidates. He then served in the Duterte cabinet as Social Welfare Undersecretary for a few months in 2018 before running and being elected Mayor of Manila in a landslide victory against his former allies, Joseph Estrada and Alfredo Lim in the 2019 local elections.<mask> has described his leadership style as akin to that of his predecessor Alfredo Lim, citing their shared commitment in reducing crime and maintaining cleanliness of the capital. <mask> is also noted for his streetwise public image due to his use of colorful language coupled with Manila street slang. As a result, he was catapulted into prominence and is colloquially referred to as Yorme, a verlan backslang metathesis of the English word, mayor, used in Taglish and reversed phonemically as part of Filipino/Tagalog street slang. Whether the word is Tagalog or Taglish, it is the way of reversing or jumbling of syllables so as to create local colloquial words. On September 22, 2021, <mask> announced his bid for the Philippine presidency in the 2022 election. Early life
<mask> is the only child of Joaquin Copias Domagoso (1930–1995), a stevedore from Antique province at Manila's North Harbor, and <mask> (1946–2020) from Allen, Northern Samar. Born and raised in the slums of Tondo, Manila, <mask> spent his childhood in poverty.In 1993, <mask> entered the entertainment business

masks:
Francisco Moreno Domagoso
Isko Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Rosario Moreno
Moreno
Moreno


texts:
 after he was discovered by a talent scout who encouraged him to audition for That's Entertainment, a defunct teen variety show that was hosted by German <mask> (no relation), and got the part. His indebtedness to the late television presenter and talent manager for catapulting him to fame prompted him to adopt his screen name "<mask> <mask>". Due to his matinee idol image rooted in his boyish features, <mask> landed acting roles in a few mainstream films as well as softcore films. For his higher education, <mask> completed public administration at the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila and enrolled in non-degree programs at the University of the Philippines, the Harvard Kennedy School, and Saïd Business School. Acting career
<mask> caught the attention of talent scout Wowie Roxas in 1992 while attending a funeral in Tondo and was then persuaded to join show business. He was part of That's Entertainment, a daily variety show featuring German <mask>'s stable of aspiring teenage actors, under the screen name <mask> <mask>. His major break came in 1993 when he was cast in a cameo role in the romantic movie May Minamahal and became a leading man to Claudine Barretto in Muntik na Kitang Minahal a year later.He later became known for his mature roles during his short stint in the "titillating films" genre that was prevalent in the country during the 1990s and appeared in Siya'y Nagdadalaga, and has appeared in movies such as Exploitation, Mga Babae sa Isla Azul and Misteryosa. In 2004, he made an appearance on his life story featured by Maalaala Mo Kaya, the episode title called Aklat, where Danilo Barrios portrayed him. In 2005, during his third term as a councilor of Manila, he returned to acting as a kind-hearted priest in the television drama series Mga Anghel na Walang Langit. He also had a brief appearance in 2007 in the television drama series Bakekang. The following year during his first term as vice mayor, <mask> had a

masks: Moreno Isko Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Isko Moreno Moreno


texts:
 supporting role in the afternoon soap opera Ligaw na Bulaklak. In 2014, he appeared in Japanese lifestyle variety show Homecoming, where it was revealed that he is a godfather of then-AKB48 member, Sayaka Akimoto, according to photo documentations by Akimoto's Filipina mother, as the episode showed Akimoto traveling to the Philippines to explore her Filipino roots. He was visited and interviewed on the show by Akimoto, her mother, Akimoto's fellow AKB48 co-member Mariko Shinoda, and comedian Hiroshi.In 2019, <mask> appeared in the film 3pol Trobol: Huli Ka Balbon! as Yorme, a former Mayor of Balete, Batangas, and leader of a horse ranch as well as an old friend of the Philippine President. He also made a cameo appearance in the 24th anniversary special of Bubble Gang. A musical biographical film based on <mask>'s life, Yorme: The <mask> Domagoso Story, was released on January 21, 2022, and was distributed by Viva Films. Raikko Mateo, McCoy de Leon, and Xian Lim portrayed <mask> in different times of his life, with <mask> also appearing as himself. Political career

Councilor of Manila
<mask> started his political career when he was elected and sworn in as Councilor for Manila's first legislative district in 1998. He was re-elected in 2001 and 2004.His mentor, Vice Mayor Danilo Lacuna, encouraged him to study while fulfilling his duties. In 2003, <mask> obtained his business administration degree from the International Academy of Management and Economics in Makati. He took a crash course in Local Legislation and Local Finance at the University of the Philippines Diliman. He then studied public administration at the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila (University of the City of Manila). He also attended short courses in leadership and governance at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, and at the Said Business School, University of Oxford. Vice Mayor of Manila

After his third and final term as City

masks: Moreno Moreno Isko Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno


texts: Councilor, <mask> ran for Vice Mayor in 2007 under Asenso Manileño, as the running mate of outgoing Vice Mayor Danilo Lacuna. During his election campaign, he criticized what he called "black propaganda" by opponents, but did not pursue any charges.<mask> eventually won the elections, beating his closest rival by about 80,000 votes; however, Lacuna lost to Senator Alfredo Lim, a former Mayor himself. He was re-elected in 2010, this time under Nacionalista Party and as the running mate of incumbent Mayor Alfredo Lim of the Liberal Party. <mask> also served as Vice Chairman of the Manila Historical and Heritage Commission. He studied law at Arellano University School of Law, but dropped in his second year when he was elected as Vice Mayor of Manila. In May 2012, Joseph Estrada, the former President of the Philippines, announced his intention to run for Mayor of Manila in the 2013 local election, but only for one term. <mask>, who was running for re-election as Vice Mayor, was chosen as Estrada's running mate. Estrada drove his famous "Jeep ni Erap" from San Juan to his new house at Altura, Santa Mesa, Manila to ceremonially launch his candidacy.He was joined by his wife, former Senator Loi Ejercito and <mask>. <mask> then joined Estrada's party Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP) and United Nationalist Alliance (UNA), which was then its coalition with PDP-Laban. He was successfully re-elected in 2013, with Estrada beating Lim as the new Mayor of Manila. On February 16, 2013, <mask> and other five councilors were arrested by the police due to alleged bingo operations held in a public place. <mask> denied the bingo game was in a public place in Santa Cruz, Manila and believed that then-Mayor Lim was involved in his arrest and that the bingo game was not illegal. The day before, Lim and Estrada signed a "Peace Covenant" to prevent any election-related violence in the City of Manila. The gambling charges were eventually dismissed by

masks: Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno


texts:
 the Department of Justice due to lack of evidence.2016 Senate bid

In 2015, <mask> announced that he would run for Senator of the Philippines in 2016. He was named to the senatorial slate of presidential candidate and Senator Grace Poe's Partido Galing at Puso coalition and as an adopted senatorial candidate of Senator Bongbong Marcos, who was then running for Vice President. He lost in his bid, placing 16th overall. His term as Vice Mayor of Manila ended on June 30, 2016. He was succeeded by Honey Lacuna. Member of Duterte's cabinet
In July 2017, President Rodrigo Duterte appointed <mask> as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the North Luzon Railways Corporation (NorthRail). <mask> resigned from the post in October 2017.In May 2018, <mask> was appointed by Duterte as Undersecretary for Luzon Affairs and Special Concerns at the Department of Social Welfare and Development. In October 11, 2018, he officially resigned from this post to run for Mayor of Manila in the 2019 elections. Mayor of Manila

<mask> currently serves as the mayor of Manila, beginning his tenure in 2019. In the local elections, he garnered more than 50% of the votes; this was considered an historic win for <mask>, having defeated both his predecessors Alfredo Lim and incumbent Mayor Joseph Estrada. In a December 2020 yearend face-to-face survey conducted by RP-Mission and Development Foundation Inc., <mask> earned 77% approval rating from the city's constituents, becoming the third top-performing mayor in the National Capital Region after Joy Belmonte (Quezon City) with 85%, and Vico Sotto (Pasig) with 82%. City services and infrastructure
<mask> signed an ordinance that gives a monthly allowance of  to each student of the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila and Universidad de Manila. Likewise, all Grade 12 students in all public schools in Manila will get a  monthly allowance to be received via "cash cards".To qualify, the student must be


texts:
 a resident and registered voter of the city, and that they do not incur a failing mark or commit misconduct in school. If the student is not yet of legal age to vote, his or her parent or guardian must be a registered voter to claim the monetary benefit. Senior citizens, persons with disabilities (PWDs), and solo parents who reside in the capital are entitled to a  monthly allowance. The elderly also would receive  and a cake as a birthday gift from the city government, on top of their  monthly allowance. Moreno's infrastructure projects include the redevelopment of the historic Jones Bridge, the construction of a 10-storey 384-bed building at the Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center, and the redevelopment of Manila Zoo that reopened on December 30, 2021. Public housing for the homeless and city employees was one of the campaign promises of <mask>, and his administration oversaw the construction of high-rise in-city housing projects such as the Tondominium 1 and 2, and Binondominium. COVID-19 pandemic

Cleanup drive
<mask> oversaw the cleaning of congested and besmirched streets of Manila.He ordered the clearing of city streets from ambulant vendors to address the city’s congestion problem and waste management. The clearing of the streets from hawkers and illegal venders paved the way for stopping the felonious operations of extortionists from vendors and hawkers and exposed derelict heritage sites within the city, some of which became debauched through human actions. Illegally built infrastructures, including government edifices which impedes the movement of motorists and pedestrians were ordered to be demolished. His cleanup drive of Manila North Cemetery after All Souls' day garnered attention online and spurred a nationwide implementation of the same approach to city decongestion. On October 8, 2019, <mask> signed Executive Order No. 43 mandating all 896 barangays and frontline City Hall offices to conduct a weekly

masks: Moreno Moreno Moreno


texts:
 clean-up drive, in support of Duterte's directive to clear all public roads and sidewalks of obstructions. <mask> also spearheaded the cleaning of Manila's sewers and the removal of dilapidated barges off the Pasig River.He also led the cleanup of waters around Baseco Compound, which took 10 days, including weekends, to collect more than 30,000 kilograms of garbage. 2022 presidential campaign

On September 22, 2021, <mask> declared his presidential bid in the upcoming 2022 election, with physician and social media personality Willie Ong serving as his vice presidential running mate. Following the announcement, Ong left the Lakas-CMD party to join <mask>'s Aksyon Demokratiko. Some of <mask>'s views on certain issues include fast-tracking the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines nationwide, maintaining the Duterte administration's "Build! Build! Build! Program", allowing the franchise renewal of ABS-CBN, maintaining peaceful relations with other countries and international organizations, and ending divisive politics in favor of an "open governance" rooted in "competence" over "connections".Political positions

Vandalism
<mask> is also known for his consistent and controversial stand against vandalism and unauthorized tarpaulins. On November 12, 2019, the left-leaning group Panday Sining, the cultural arm of Anakbayan, defaced the newly-painted and cleaned Lagusnilad Underpass located near the Manila City Hall. <mask> slammed the group publicly and rejected their apology. The mayor also proceeded with their arrest after another act of vandalism in Recto LRT Station was attributed to the group. Panday Sining was officially declared as "persona non grata" in the city of Manila on December 6, 2019. Many left-leaning groups condemned the mayor's actions against them. In October 2020, <mask> ordered the removal of the tarpaulins declaring the Communist Party of the Philippines, as well as the New People's Army and the National

masks: Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno Moreno


texts:
 Democratic Front, as persona non grata in the National Capital Region.However this event prompted Lt. Gen. Antonio Parlade Jr., spokesperson of the National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict to ask if Mayor <mask> is welcoming terrorists into Manila. On December 7, 2020, in an interview posted on YouTube, <mask> vehemently denied any support for or affiliation with the terrorist groups. LGBT+ rights
On October 2020, <mask> signed an ordinance protecting members of the LGBT community from discrimination and abuse, including the denial of employment and other opportunities on the basis of the person's sexual gender identity. However, he clarified in an interview that he is not in favor of same-sex marriage. He added that it is our law and in a civilized world, we are guided by the law. Personal life
<mask> has been married to Diana Lynn Ditan, a businesswoman, since 2000. They have five children, including Joaquin (JD), also an actor himself.On August 15, 2021, <mask> tested positive for COVID-19. On August 25, 2021, <mask> recovered from COVID-19. Electoral history

Senatorial election, 2016:
<mask> <mask> (PMP) – 11,126,944 (16th, 12 candidates with the highest number of votes win the 12 seats in the Senate)

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links
 Official website of the City of Manila, Mayor section

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1974 births
Living people
Aksyon Demokratiko politicians
Arellano University alumni
Candidates in the 2022 Philippine presidential election
Filipino actor-politicians
Filipino people of Spanish descent
Male actors from Manila
Manila City Council members
Mayors of Manila
Mayors of places in Metro Manila
Nacionalista Party politicians
National Unity Party (Philippines) politicians
Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila alumni
People from Manila
People from Tondo, Manila
Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino politicians
Tagalog people
That's Entertainment (Philippine TV series)
That's

masks:
Isko
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Moreno
Isko
Moreno Domagoso


texts:
<mask> (17881861) was an English physician and sanitary reformer. Early life
<mask> was born at Martock, Somerset, into a strict Baptist family, his parents being <mask> and <mask>. In 1802 he won a scholarship to the Bristol Baptist College to train as a minister, but in 1807 funds were abruptly withdrawn, on the grounds that he was 'entertaining opinions widely different from us on most of the doctrines we consider to be essential to Evangelical Religion'. At 19 years old he was already showing the courage and independence of mind that were to characterise his life, however it led to a break with his parents who never spoke to him again. Over the following four years <mask> turned to Unitarianism, influenced by William Blake, a minister at Crewkerne, Somerset: Blake put him in touch with John Prior Estlin at Lewin's Mead, Bristol. Another friend, and Unitarian convert from Baptism who became a physician, was Benjamin Spencer. These associations and friendships drew him into the centre of 19th Century reform.Medical man
<mask> entered the University of Edinburgh in October 1812, and in November took over the Unitarian congregation meeting in Skinners' Hall, Canongate, which had stayed together without a minister since the death in 1795 of James Purves; he became known as a powerful preacher and raised the attendance sharply. In June 1813 he began a course of fortnightly evening lectures on universal restoration; these were published in 1816 and made him a literary reputation. Also in 1813 he founded the Scottish Unitarian Association, with James Yates, which brought <mask> into contact with

masks:
Thomas Southwood Smith
Smith
William Smith
Caroline Southwood
Smith
Smith
Smith


texts:
 the Unitarian Lady Gillies and her nieces Mary and Margaret Gillies who would play a large part in his later life. In 1816 he took his M.D. degree, and began to practice at Yeovil, Somerset, also becoming minister at a chapel in that town, but moved in 1820 to London, devoting himself mainly to medicine. Public health
In 1824 <mask> was appointed physician to the London Fever Hospital.8 The following year he began to write papers on public health. His post gave him the opportunity to study diseases of poverty.In the late 1830s, with Neil Arnott and James Phillips Kay, he was one of the first doctors brought in to report to the Poor Law Commission. In 1842 he was one of the founders of an early housing association, the Metropolitan Association for Improving the Dwellings of the Industrious Classes. <mask> was a close ally on public health matters with Edwin Chadwick, and like him supported the miasma theory. From 1848 to 1854 they worked closely together at the Central Board of Health. But the appointment of Lord Seymour made their work very difficult, despite the support of Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury. <mask> was frequently consulted in fever epidemics and on sanitary matters by public authorities. His reports on quarantine (1845), cholera (1850), yellow fever (1852), and on the results of sanitary improvement (1854) were of international importance.Bentham dissection
<mask> <mask> was a close friend of Jeremy Bentham and his secretary Edwin Chadwick. He had a particular interest in applying his philosophical beliefs to the field of medical research. In 1827 he published

masks: Smith Smith Smith Southwood Smith


texts:
 The Use of the Dead to the Living, a pamphlet which argued that the current system of burial was a wasteful use of bodies that could otherwise be used for dissection by the medical profession. Bentham attached a paper, written in 1830 to his will instructing <mask> <mask> to create the auto-icon. It stated:

Bentham's wish to preserve his dead body was consistent with his philosophy of utilitarianism. In his essay Auto-Icon, or the Uses of the Dead to the Living, Bentham wrote, "If a country gentleman has rows of trees leading to his dwelling, the auto-icons of his family might alternate with the trees; copal varnish would protect the face from the effects of rain." On 8 June 1832, two days after his death, invitations were distributed to a select group of friends, and on the following day at 3 p.m., before the dissection, <mask> <mask> delivered a lengthy oration over Bentham's remains in the Webb Street School of Anatomy & Medicine in Southwark, London.In the oration <mask> argued that:"If, by any appropriation of the dead, I can promote the happiness of the living, then it is my duty to conquer the reluctance I may feel to such a disposition of the dead, however well-founded or strong that reluctance may be". Afterward, the skeleton and head were preserved and stored in a wooden cabinet called the "Auto-icon", with the skeleton padded out with hay and dressed in Bentham's clothes. From 1833 it stood in Southwood <mask>'s Finsbury Square consulting rooms until he abandoned private practice in the winter of 1849-50 when it was moved to 36 Percy Street, Margaret Gillies' studio, who made

masks: Southwood Smith Southwood Smith Smith Smith


texts:
 studies of it. In March 1850 Southwood Smith offered the auto-icon to Henry Brougham who readily accepted it for UCL. <mask>'s lobbying helped lead to the 1832 Anatomy Act, the legislation which allowed the state to seize unclaimed corpses from workhouses and sell them to surgical schools. While this act is credited with ending the practice of grave robbery, it has also been condemned as discriminatory against the poor. Works
In 1830 <mask> published A Treatise on Fever, which became a standard authority on the subject.In this book he established a direct connection between the impoverishment of the poor and epidemic fever. The underlying theory opposed contagion as a mechanism of spread of disease, and postulated no pathogen that was airborne; it argued that the exclusion of "pure air" could suffice to create mortal disease. Family

<mask> married twice, firstly in 1808, to Anne Read, the daughter of a prominent Bristol tradesman. Anne died of fever four years later, at age 24, leaving <mask> a widower with two young daughters, Caroline and Emily. His second marriage was to Mary, daughter of John Christie of Hackney, and they had three children, including his only son, Herman (died 23 July 1897, aged 77). The second marriage was not successful and soon Mary and her three children moved abroad. Miranda and Octavia Hill were his granddaughters, among the five daughters of his eldest, Caroline (c. 1809–1902), who married James Hill, merchant in 1835, and as <mask> Hill was known as a writer and educationalist.His other daughter, Emily (c. 1810-1872), moved to Florence, Italy. <mask> had

masks:
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Caroline Southwood
Smith


texts:
 separated from his second wife by the end of the 1830s, and for the rest of his life he lived quietly with the artist Margaret Gillies. Along with his son Herman and daughter Emily they visited Wisbech in June 1836 and dined with Caroline and the actor William Macready, who was appearing as Hamlet in the Georgian Angles Theatre owned by James and Caroline. They also owned a school they built in front of the theatre. Following his son-in-law James Hill's second bankruptcy in 1840, his three-year-old granddaughter Gertrude Hill (1837–1923) came to live with him. In the 1861 census the household lived at Heath House, Weybridge and consisted of <mask> 72, Mary Gillies 62, Margaret Gillies 56, his son <mask> 40, wine merchant, his granddaughter Gertrude Hill, 23 lady, and a cook and a housemaid. Later life
In his 70th year <mask> travelled abroad for the first time to Milan, Italy to examine the irrigation works.Two years later, on a visit to his daughter Emily in Florence, he caught a chill and died there on 10 December 1861. He is interred there in the English Cemetery of Florence, his tombstone, an obelisk with a cameo portrait, was sculpted by Joel Tanner Hart. His daughter Emily, who died in 1872, is buried beside him. Further reading
 Cook G. C. <mask> <mask> FRCP (1788–1861): leading exponent of diseases of poverty, and pioneer of sanitary reform in the mid-nineteenth century. J. Med. Biog. (2002) 10(4): 194–205

Notes

References

Attribution:

External links

1788 births
1861 deaths
People from South Somerset (district)
19th-century English medical doctors
Alumni of the University of

masks:
Thomas Smith
Herman Smith
Smith
Thomas Southwood
Smith


texts:
<mask> (July 23, 1952 - April 16, 1979), was a Nicaraguan revolutionary. The early years
The second of five children. Lived her early years in León, Nicaragua. She was three years old when her family moved to the neighborhood of Subtiava, in the outskirts of Leon. Her birthday coincides with the anniversary of the Somoza's National Guard massacre on college students marching on the streets of Leon in 1959. This is, each birthday of her life was a reminder of Students Martyrs, for it was a day off in schools in Nicaragua by decree. She lived in Managua between age six and ten.In 1962 her family moved to the town of Jinotega. On Sunday family outings visited San Rafael del Norte and other surrounding towns in the mountains that witnessed Gen. Augusto César Sandino saga in the 1930s. Education
Returning to Managua, finished Elementary and High school at the French School of the Sacred Heart between 1965 and 1972, the same school attended by prominent personalities in Nicaragua today including ex-President of Nicaragua, Violeta Chamorro.<ref>[http://www.grupoese.com.ni/2003/10/13/op2MMM1013.htm Oblatas, Cien Aňos, Idania, Fundadoras, ...Violeta Chamorro,etc....]  (Note:Idania, Far right, second row in the picture)</ref>

From Catholic to revolutionary

Idania developed organizational and leadership skills as a member of the group "Las Metanoias" in senior high school. The group made spiritual retreat trips to hacienda El Tepeyac, near Mombacho Volcano and Lake Nicaragua for study and discussions on the liberation theology. Idania turned an ardent activist and represented her school among a broad base of organizations engaged in demonstrations demanding the release of political prisoners in 1971–1972. Her activities won her a slap on the face from Sister Nicolle, the school Director, who actually feared for Idania's fate. In 1973, her family moved to Panama and she started her


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 college education in Economics at the University of Panama.Resumed activism joining the Solidarity Committees in support of the Sandinista Liberation Front prisoners. In 1974 she married David Miranda, a Panamanian–Nicaraguan student of Economics also. In August 1975 she gave birth to daughter Claudia, named after Claudia Chamorro, another famous Sandinista who would fall in combat a year later. Reunion with the Sandinista leadership

Following the successful Sandinista operatives at the Chema Castillo's residence in the 1974 Christmas party with attendance of dictator Anastasio Somoza's elite, Idania had the opportunity she longed for so long. She was finally able to meet personally the Sandinistas she fought so hard for their release since her school days, upon their arrival to Panama. Because Idania had residence in Panama since 1973, and many friends, she helped in the logistics to provide accommodations and supplies to the Sandinistas; so much, that she donated her personal belongings (furniture, appliances, books, etc.) to the safe houses in Panama where the Sandinistas were staying.It did not take long for Idania to fit perfectly in the "organization" (as they used to call the Sandinista National Liberation Front in Panama where they enjoyed medium security environment. Idania was considered to participate in the spectacular raid at the National Government Palace in 1978, taking 3000 hostages, which resulted in the release of several Sandinistas in captivity. Ultimately; Dora María Téllez was chosen, the only woman in the operative, named after Rigoberto López Pérez. Military training
In 1978 following the popular insurrection in Monimbo, Masaya, 78), Idania decided to join full-time the ranks of the FSLN Command in Panama and Costa Rica, where she frequently met with members of the "Direccion Nacional", the highest ranking of that organization. She trained in Cuba in


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 rocket launching in the middle of 1978. General Omar Torrijos, and the people of Panama, did not like the Somoza dictatorship and offered logistic support to the Sandinistas and also military training in the Province of Chiriqui (Panama) and she also trained there among other young cadres. Wounded in the Southern Front

Between 1975 and 1978 Idania made trips to Nicaragua and Costa Rica on clandestine missions, including one trip to the Northern Front and different operatives, but in September 1978 she was wounded in combat on the left hand in Nicaragua near the southern border.She was taken initially to a Costa Rican hospital near the border, and her pictures appeared in Costa Rican newspapers front page referring to her only as "Angela", respecting her identity. Fearing for her security at the Hospital, Sergio Ramírez's wife picked her up and took her to a Sandinista makeshift hospital in Nicaragua near the border. Upon her return to Panama, the Panamanian military had assigned Secret Service security personnel to high ranking or identifiable Sandinistas including Idania. She could no longer use her real name or passport on her missions to Nicaragua either, or visit public places in Panama without escort. She was also required to carry a high caliber Magnum pistol in her purse at all times, which she did. After a number of spontaneous uprisings in Monimbo, Matagalpa, Estelí and other cities, where the Sandinistas were forced to fight in support of the people's uprising, rather than the opposite, a major shift in Sandinista strategy was developed. In order to take the lead of the Insurrection, two major Insurrectional Commands were organized; the Frente Interno in Managua and the Western command in the city of Leon.Idania was assigned to the newly formed Western Insurrectional Command, which required experience with the communities and base organizations ("trabajo de


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 barrios"), worker unions, students, religious groups and organizing the neighborhoods for the final offensive. Plans for a final insurrection and a new government junta
In February 1979, Omar Torrijos, head of the Panamenian government invited the Grupo de Los Doce, prominent Nicaraguan businessmen backing up the Sandinistas, for talks in Panama. By this time, arms shipments from Venezuela and Cuba were under way. Dr. Joaquín Cuadra, a member of Los Doce and whose son Joaquín Cuadra, leader of the Frente Interno Sandinista Command, was in Nicaragua, invited Idania and Oscar Perez Cassar for the talks and dinner. Idania and Oscar were also members of the Frente Interno, and scheduled to go back to Nicaragua via Honduras, to assume the leadership of the Western Regional Command for the final Insurrection. Sergio Ramírez, also a member of Los Doce and a member of the upcoming Government Junta, relates that Idania attended with her hand still bandaged from surgery after her wounds in September. In March 1979, Idania went back to Nicaragua to resume her new post in the Western Regional Command, the leading Commando of the Insurrection, and was prepared to stay indefinitely until victory or death, as a member of the ill-fated Insurrectional Command "Rigoberto López Pérez" headed by Dora María Téllez.In late 1978 the Somoza's National Guard had been killing the population without mercy in the towns of Leon, Masaya, Estelí by aerial bombing, reported by the Red Cross. That was too much to bear for the Sandinistas. It was about time to finish the Somozas' regime. The Swan Over the Burning Coals
Title chosen by Sergio Ramírez for the chapter of his book "Adios Muchachos" dedicated to the memory of the events the day that shook the entire city of León, specially, and the rest of the country. On April 16, 1979 the Sandinista war was escalating quickly. Combats were taking place in more


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 than twenty cities in Nicaragua. However; most of the leaders of the soon to be Revolutionary Government were in Costa Rica or Panama in safe houses.Their role was to provide the military strategy, negotiations with foreign governments and sketching a plan for the new an imminent Nicaraguan Government Junta. The war was actually run in the field by five Regional Commands. The most important ones were the Western Command based in the City of Leon and the Frente Interno, based in Managua. They were considered critical for a fast victory. The Regional Commands had the future of Nicaragua at hand. On that day, the members of the Western Regional Command integrated by Oscar Pérez Cassar, <mask> <mask>, Araceli Pérez Darias, Ana Isabel Morales, Edgard Lang Sacasa, Roger Deshon Argüello and Carlos Manuel Jarquin were in session in a safe house in the suburbs of León. The National Guard was attacking heavily the City of Estelí, near the mountains and they were coordinating the efforts to help them.Reportedly, there was a whistleblower, a supposedly former Sandinista militia who turned police informant. The informant and eighty members of the National Guard, in jeeps and tanks, surrounded the block, and stormed into the house. The Sandinistas had no chance to escape or to grab their weapons. Ana Isabel got inside a swimming pool, and passed herself off as a resident of the house. She was the only survivor. The informant identified positively the men as important cadre, but he argued not knowing the women. So, all men were executed on the spot, Idania and Araceli were arrested, taken to the Fortin of Acosasco, tortured and murdered.Randall Interview Dora M Tellez <mask>, Roger, Aracely, six important members

The aftermath
Thousands attended their funeral.The entire city of León (not to mention the Sandinista ranks at all levels) was enraged. The Somoza government refused to return

masks: Idania Fernandez Idania


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 Araceli's (who was Mexican) remains to her family. Idania's parents and two youngest sisters were living in Dallas, Texas, and contacted the Dallas Morning News. The paper dedicated a full page article on the events in the Sunday edition. Edgard Lang Sacasa was 23 and he was the son of a first cousin to dictator Somoza and a friend of a Wall Street Journal columnist, and this prompted an editorial. Soon after, as expected, the city of Leon street fighters headed by Dora María Téllez, Idania's comrade, increased greatly in numbers and firepower. In June the victory over the Somoza forces in Leóon was complete, followed by Managua, two weeks later, and the Somoza regime went with it.Legacy
"I leave you an example of life, mine", wrote Idania to her daughter in her farewell letters. Reprinted in Margaret Randall's book Todas Estamos Despiertas''. and many columnists' and editorial pages in Nicaragua countless times over the last twenty nine years. Ernesto Cardenal, Sergio Ramirez and other dissidents of the Sandinistas often quote Idania's writings and ideals. After her death, Idania firepower increased thousandfold. In 1984, at the peak of the Contra war, one of the largest battalions of the Sandinista Popular Army (Ejército Popular Sandinista), dispatched to the Northern Front to fight the Contras, was named after her. Occasionally, they name a nursery or police station after Idania but there are no monuments or statues for her in Nicaragua.She would probably have liked it this way. We have seen so many statues fall in world history, but an example of life lasts forever. References

External links
Ref. <mask> <mask>, private collection, Painting by American feminist painter Erin Currier

1952 births
1979 deaths
Latin Americanists
Members of the Sandinista National Liberation Front
Nicaraguan revolutionaries
People of the Nicaraguan Revolution
Women in war in Central

masks:
Idania
Fernandez Ramirez


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<mask>, 2nd Marquess of Worcester (9 March 1602 or 9 March 16033 April 1667), styled Lord Herbert of Raglan from 1628 to 1644, was an English nobleman involved in royalist politics, and an inventor. While Earl of Glamorgan, he was sent by Charles I to negotiate a peace treaty and alliance with the leadership of the Catholic Irish Confederacy. He enjoyed some success, but the agreement quickly broke down. He then joined the Confederates, and was appointed the commander of their Munster Army. In 1655 he wrote The Century of Inventions, detailing more than 100 inventions, including a device that would have been one of the earliest steam engines. Origins
He was the son of Henry Somerset, 1st Marquess of Worcester by his wife Anne Russell, a daughter of John Russell, Baron Russell, eldest son and heir apparent of Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford. Career
<mask> was brought up as a Roman Catholic in Monmouthshire.He graduated from Cambridge University, England, in 1627 with a Master of Arts (MA) degree. In his day he was one of the richest lords in England, funding his experiments, later self-funding his military endeavours, and sending large amounts of money to King Charles I during the English Civil War. He was a Cavalier who supported the King in Wales, where he raised a regiment of horse for him. His campaigning in the West of England and in Wales, however, did not go well. After a month with his force of over 2,000 troops encamped at Highnam, outside Gloucester, in March 1643 Herbert left them and travelled to meet the king at Oxford. In his absence the entire force surrendered without any exchange of fire, earning it the title "The Mushroom Army" (they appeared and disappeared very quickly). He was rewarded in 1644, however, with a peerage, being created Earl of Glamorgan and Baron Beaufort of Caldecote.Due to irregularities in the letters

masks:
Edward Somerset
Edward Somerset


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 patent, these titles were not recognised after the Restoration. Sent to Ireland, he made a false move in concluding a treaty, in great secrecy, on behalf of Charles that was considered to concede too much to the Catholics there; he himself was a Catholic. In extricating himself from that position, he became a close ally of Giovanni Battista Rinuccini, and a potential replacement for James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde as royalist leader. His plans to bring Irish troops over to England were overtaken by events, and he left for France with George Leyburn. He succeeded his father as Marquess of Worcester in 1646. He was formally banished in 1649, but after four years in Paris returned to England in 1653. He was discovered, charged with high treason and sent to the Tower of London; he was treated leniently by the Council of State, and released on bail in 1654.That year he took up again his interest in engineering and inventions, leasing a house at Vauxhall where his Dutch or German technician Kaspar <mask> could work. After the Restoration his estates were restored, but he largely avoided politics, and did not press his claims to the various other titles of nobility. Works
In 1655 he authored a book which consisted of textual descriptions of 100 separate inventions. It was eventually printed in 1663 and included a device described as his "Water-commanding Engine". Constructed from the barrel of a cannon, it was an obvious prototype design for what would later become the steam engine, and clearly anticipated the power and applications of that machine. In 1663 Samuel Sorbière visited <mask>'s Vauxhall workshop and saw and described the "hydraulic machine which the Marquis of Worcester has invented." It was designed for purposes of irrigation, and would "raise to the height of forty feet, by the strength of one man and in the space of one minute of

masks: Kalthoff Edward


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 time, four large buckets of water."Cosimo de' Medici, Duke of Tuscany, visited it in 1669, when a similar description was given. Robert Hooke, however, described it as "one of the perpetual motion fallacies." <mask> suggested that when he died, a model of his engine should be buried with him:
"I call this a Semi Omnipotent Engine, and do intend that a model thereof be buried with me." Marriage and children
He married twice:
Firstly in 1628 to Elizabeth Dormer (died 31 May 1635),  daughter of Sir William Dormer  and Alice Molyneux, and  sister of Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon, by whom he had one son and two daughters:
Henry Somerset, 1st Duke of Beaufort, 3rd Marquess of Worcester, his heir and successor, who was created Duke of Beaufort;
Lady Anne Somerset (c. 1631–1662), who married Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk, and had issue;
Lady Elizabeth Somerset (before 16351691), who married William Herbert, 1st Marquess of Powis, and had issue. Secondly in 1639 he married Lady Margareta O'Brien (died 26 July 1681), daughter of Henry O'Brien, 5th Earl of Thomond and Mary Brereton,  by whom he had one daughter:
Lady Mary Somerset, died young. Post Death
After his death his widow remarried Donough Kearney, who was charged with treason during the Popish Plot,  but acquitted. Almost 200 years after his death, in 1861, Victorian patent inspector Bennet <mask> attempted to locate the grave and the model steam engine which the Marquis stated should be buried with him.<mask> hoped, if the model was located, that "Englishmen will be gratified to find that their country has contributed even more than was supposed to the advancement of civilisation". <mask> sought permission from the then Duke of Beaufort (successor to the Marquis) to examine remains in the Somerset crypt within St Cadoc's Church, Raglan, in search of the model, and the Duke granted

masks: Edward Woodcroft Woodcroft Woodcroft


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 permission on the basis that <mask> also obtained ecclesiastical permission. Archive documents indicate ecclesiastical permission was not obtained, yet <mask> and a party locked themselves inside the church on 4 January 1861, and opened the crypt. They found 7 coffins, as documented when the crypt had previously been opened. They opened coffin 7, which had an inscription indicating this was the Marquis' coffin, their report stating:
... the lead on the outside was dry and well preserved, and when a part of it had been cut and rolled back some holes were made with the bit and brace in the elm wood cover, which allowed a few smart blows with the chisel to take out a small piece of wood. The foot of the coffin was opened and the 6 or 7 layers of "strong linen" were cut open to reveal "two legs inside with skin very white and not very much shrunken". Outside the linen they found matter "exactly like the slush in an Irish bog and emitting a strong but not pungent or disagreeable odour".The head of the coffin was then opened, although "out of respect for the remains of the mighty dead we did not open the cloth over the face". They then moved their attention to coffin 3, which had a plaque resting (but not fixed) on it identifying it as Lady Granville's coffin, in the hope that the model could be found there. "The lead was therefore cut and folded back and underneath there was found a carefully placed ceiling of beautifully glass-like green wax which seemed quite untouched by decay." They then cut out a section of wood and saw "that the two breasts of a female lying in state confirmed the supposition that the plate [identifying this as Lady Granville's coffin] was correctly placed on this coffin". The party then cut open the head covering and "the mouth was soon disclosed and five or six long and rather misshapen teeth appeared. The lower jaw was

masks: Woodcroft Woodcroft


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 much separated from the other and I raised it in order to search carefully below for any necklace or other ornament which might be buried there". The model was not located in this coffin.This last action, searching for a "necklace or other ornament", is when the expedition shifted from a legally dubious search for a model steam engine, to a clearly illegal desecration of human remains, as having identified this coffin contained a female body and no model, there was no legitimate reason to investigate further. They then returned to coffin 7, with their report stating:
... making a long cut through the stiff close shroud and inserting the axe point in the edge we lifted up the naked body of the renowned Marquis of Worcester. The hands were crossed over the lower part of the stomach, the right hand being uppermost and bound to the other with a lanyard of yarn rope. The skin and flesh were soft and a little shrunken and the nails were long, beautifully shaped and perfectly preserved. There was a good deal of reddish hair on the body. No sign of any substance metal wood or other hard matter being in the coffin could be observed. I was determined to make a thorough search when I was about it and therefore sending for a large screwdriver which was nearly two feet long I probed carefully round the whole body at intervals of about an inch to see if under any part or concealed by the dark mud like matter there might haply be any small metallic ring to indicate the model we were in search of.>

Having failed to find the model in either coffin, they closed the coffins "as well as we could arrange them, and stopped till the great stone was placed on the vault and the loose earth above was filled in".Ancestry

Notes

External links

1600s births
1667 deaths
Deputy Lieutenants of Monmouthshire
Marquesses of Worcester
E
English Roman Catholics
English


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<mask> (11 October 182113 June 1873) was an Italian opera conductor and composer. His work as a conductor drew praise from Giuseppe Verdi, Giacomo Meyerbeer, Gioachino Rossini and Richard Wagner, and he was a longtime personal friend of Verdi's, although they had a falling out towards the end of <mask>'s life. He conducted at least two world premieres (Verdi's Aroldo and Faccio's Amleto); and at least 4 Italian premieres (Meyerbeer's L'Africana, Verdi's Don Carlo, and Lohengrin and Tannhäuser by Wagner). Biography
<mask> was born in Ravenna in 1821. He studied the violin at the Accademia Filarmonica of Ravenna. At age 15 he played in concerts in the Romagna. He then studied harmony and composition with a nobleman-priest, Girolamo Roberti, and then with a monk named Levrini, a pupil of Stanislao Mattei, at a monastery in Ravenna.In 1843 he played the viola in an opera orchestra at Macerata and wrote two overtures, which were performed. He went to Faenza in 1844 as teacher and conductor at the Academy there. One of his overtures came to the attention of Gioachino Rossini, who had it performed. He then worked in Trento (where he made his debut as an operatic conductor), Bologna (where he studied counterpoint with Marchesi) and Messina. At Messina, the orchestra refused to play under him. He wrote pieces for the Messina Royal Orphanage's brass band and for the Academy there. After further work in Naples, Bologna and Messina (where again the orchestra was hostile to him, but he possibly played in the orchestra rather than conduct), in 1846 he had a fresh start as a conductor in Milan.He appeared first at the Teatro Re and then at the Teatro Carcano. He also conducted later at Stradella and Vicenza. He claimed to have abolished the system whereby an opera orchestra was jointly conducted by a maestro concertatore at the cembalo and a violin-conductor. This may be what led to his trouble in Messina. He had his first great success with Giuseppe

masks:
Angelo Maurizio Gaspare Mariani
Mariani
Angelo Mariani


texts: Verdi's I due Foscari (1846) and Nabucco (1847), both in Milan. In September 1847 he conducted Giovanni Pacini's music for a performance of Sophocles' Oedipus Rex, with a colossal chorus and orchestra. This led to his being appointed conductor of the Hofteatret in Copenhagen in November.While there, King Christian VIII of Denmark died, and <mask>'s Requiem Mass written for the late king was performed twice. <mask> returned to Italy after the revolution of March 1848 and enrolled in the volunteers. From there, he went to Constantinople, where he conducted the Italian Theatre for two years, in succession to Giuseppe Donizetti, the well-known composer's brother. He also composed two dramatic cantatas, and for the visit of Sultan Abdülmecid I to the newly rebuilt Naum Theatre, a new national hymn, the Turkish words of which the Italian singers had learned phonetically. The National Hymn has been recorded. In December 1851 he returned to Messina for four months, before going to Naples, and then as conductor for the Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa. He intended to stay for only two months, but his contract was made permanent, and he spent the majority of the rest of his life there, and also died there.His reputation was now strong, and he was offered positions in places such as Paris, Madrid, and Naples, but seemed unable to make up his mind about any of them, so all these offers lapsed. He made the acquaintance of Verdi in around 1853, and they became firm friends. On 16 August 1857, he conducted the premiere performance of Verdi's Aroldo, a reworking of his earlier opera Stiffelio, at the Teatro Nuovo in Rimini. On 30 May 1865 he conducted the premiere of Franco Faccio's opera Amleto at the Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa, followed that year by conducting the Italian premiere of Giacomo Meyerbeer's L'Africana at the Teatro Comunale di Bologna. Two years later, on 27 October 1867, the Italian premiere of Verdi's Don Carlo was presented at the same

masks: Mariani Mariani


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 theatre with <mask>'s involvement. In late 1868, Verdi asked Mariani to be the conductor for a requiem mass he was planning in honour of Gioachino Rossini, who had died on 13 November. This would be a collaboration between 13 composers, including Verdi himself.Mariani agreed to be involved in the organising committee, although he was less than enthusiastic (since he was simultaneously engaged in the commemorative celebrations for Rossini in Pesaro). The 13 composers all wrote their sections of the work (Verdi's was the ""), but the planned performance on the first anniversary of Rossini's death did not happen because disagreements arose with Mariani regarding the performance in the Basilica of San Petronio in Bologna. On 4 November, to Verdi's great sorrow, the organising committee formally abandoned the project. Verdi blamed this in considerable part on <mask>'s lack of energy and commitment, and it marked the real beginning of a permanent break in their friendship (although there are indications trouble was already brewing in 1867

In the following years, Mariani tried to heal the rift, writing letters to Verdi expressing his love and admiration for him, but Verdi refused to be swayed, and continued to castigate Mariani for what he considered to be his failure over the Rossini Requiem. A complicating factor was <mask>'s romantic relationship with the soprano Teresa Stolz, a favourite of Verdi's (she was his choice for the title role in the Milan premiere of Aida in February 1872, which as far as Verdi was concerned was the real premiere). <mask> and Stolz were engaged to be married. However, around 1871 she left him, in very unclear circumstances.There were suggestions and even public accusations that she was also carrying on an affair with Verdi, but this has never been proved to be true. Despite Verdi's break with Mariani personally, he still had respect for him as a conductor, and he invited him to conduct the world premiere of Aida in

masks: Mariani Mariani Mariani Mariani


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 Cairo in December 1871. Mariani declined, saying he was not well enough to travel. This was indeed true, as he was already suffering symptoms of the cancer that would kill him less than two years later. However, it served only to further widen the rift between the two men. On 1 November 1871, Mariani conducted the Italian premiere of Richard Wagner's Lohengrin at the Teatro Communale di Bologna to great acclaim. This was the first performance of any Wagner opera in Italy.On 9 November, Verdi attended a Mariani performance of Lohengrin and annotated a copy of the vocal score with his impressions and opinions of Wagner (this was almost certainly his first exposure to Wagner's music). In 1872, <mask> conducted the Italian premiere of Wagner's Tannhäuser, also at Bologna, but it was much less successful than Lohengrin had been. He also composed a number of songs, some of which have been recorded. In June 1873, aged only 51, <mask> died of cancer in the attic of the Palazzo Sauli, a house he had long rented from Verdi in Genoa. The Teatro Angelo Mariani in Sant'Agata Feltria (first built in 1605) was rededicated and renamed in honour of Mariani. Today, there is an Associazione Musicale Angelo Mariani in Ravenna. References
Notes

Sources

Harwood, Gregory W. (1998), Giuseppe Verdi: A Guide to Research (Routledge Music Bibliographies).Routledge
Parker, Roger (2007), The New Grove Guide to Verdi and His Operas. Oxford and New York et al. Phillips-Matz, Mary Jane, (1998), "Mariani, <mask>" in Stanley Sadie, (Ed. ), The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Vol. Three, pp. 212–213. London: MacMillan Publishers, Inc.
Sadie, Stanley (ed.)(1954), Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th ed. External links

1821 births
1873 deaths
Italian conductors (music)
Italian male conductors (music)
Italian male composers
People from Ravenna
Deaths from cancer in Liguria
19th-century Italian composers
19th-century male conductors (music)
19th-century

masks:
Mariani
Angelo Mariani
Angelo


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<mask> (24 September 1871 – 27 June 1960) was an English multi-sport athlete, best known as a tennis player. She won the Wimbledon Ladies' Singles Championship five times, the first one when she was only fifteen in the summer of 1887. She remains the youngest ladies' singles champion. In addition to tennis, Dod competed in many other sports, including golf, field hockey, and archery. She also won the British Ladies Amateur Golf Championship, played twice for the England women's national field hockey team (which she helped to found), and won a silver medal at the 1908 Summer Olympics in archery. The Guinness Book of Records has named her as the most versatile female athlete of all time, together with track and field athlete and fellow golf player Babe Zaharias. Early life
Dod was born on 24 September 1871 in Bebington, Cheshire, the youngest of four children to Joseph and <mask>.Joseph, from Liverpool, had made a fortune in the cotton trade. The family was wealthy enough to provide for all members for life; <mask> and her brother Willy never had to work. Besides Willy, <mask> had a sister, Annie, and another brother, Tony, all of whom also excelled in sports. Annie was a good tennis player, golfer, ice skater and billiards player. Willy Dod won the Olympic gold medal in archery at the 1908 Games, whilst Tony was a regional level archer and a chess and tennis player. The Dod children received a private education by tutors and governesses. In her childhood Lottie played the piano, banjo and she was member of a local choir.When Dod was nine years old, two tennis courts were built near the family's estate, Edgeworth. Lawn tennis, invented in 1873, was highly fashionable for the wealthy in England, and all of the Dod children started playing the game frequently. Tennis parties were occasionally organized and among the invited guests were future Wimbledon champions

masks:
Charlotte Dod
Margaret Dod
Lottie
Lottie


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 Joshua Pim and the brothers Herbert and Wilfred Baddeley. When she was eleven Dod joined the Rock Ferry Tennis Club in Birkenhead. Tennis
Together with Annie, who was eight years her elder, Dod entered her first tennis tournament, the 1883 Northern Championships in Manchester, at age eleven. They had a bye in the first round and lost in the second round of the doubles tournament to Hannah Keith and Amber McCord, but won the consolation tournament. One journalist, Sydney Brown, noted that "Miss L. Dod should be heard of in the future".The following year, 1884, she participated in two tournaments, the Northern Championships, played that year in Liverpool, and Waterloo. With Annie she reached the doubles finals in both tournaments and with Tony she was defeated in the first round of the mixed doubles event at Waterloo. At the Northern Championships in 1885, she came to prominence when she nearly beat reigning Wimbledon champion Maud Watson in the final, losing 6–8, 5–7. <mask> would win the doubles event (with Annie). Earlier she had won the first singles title of her career at the Waterloo tournament where she was also victorious in the doubles and mixed doubles events. These performances earned her the nickname "Little Wonder" in the press. In 1886 Dod won the singles title at the West of England Championships in Bath where she defeated Watson in the final, ending the latter's run of 55 consecutive victories.That year she played tournaments in Liverpool (Northern), Cheltenham and Derbyshire but won no further singles titles. In 1887 Dod became an established first-class player, illustrated by the fact she partnered the then seven-time Wimbledon doubles winner Ernest Renshaw at the mixed doubles event of the Irish Championships. She won the singles in Dublin defeating Watson in the final in straight sets. She again won the singles title at the Northern, defeating


texts: leading players Louisa Martin, May Langrishe and Watson without losing a set and conceding no more than two games per set. Encouraged by these results she decided to enter the 1887 Wimbledon Championships. Only six competitors, not having had included Martin and Watson, had entered. Dod had a bye in the first round and easily advanced through the semifinal and final of the All-Comer's tournament to earn the right to challenge the defending champion, Blanche Bingley.She defeated Bingley in straight sets 6–2, 6–0, the second set lasting just ten minutes. At 15 years and 285 days she is the youngest winner of the ladies' singles championships. During the match, Dod wore a metal-and-whalebone corset which punctured her skin and caused her to bleed as she played. The two met again in the final of the 1888 West of England Championships. Although it was designated an "open" tournament, the officials made the remarkable decision to impose a handicap of 15 on Dod. She still managed to win against her opponent, now known by her married name, Blanche Hillyard. The Wimbledon final of 1888 was a rematch of the previous year, and Dod, this time defending her title in the Challenge Round, again emerged victorious (6–3, 6–3).During that year she won several doubles and mixed doubles titles with her sister Annie, May Langrishe and Ernest Renshaw. <mask> <mask>'s style of play, then regarded as unorthodox, now seems notably modern. She was perhaps the first player to advocate hitting the ball just before the top of the bounce and to adopt a modern, albeit single-handed, racquet grip. Her ground strokes were reported by contemporaries to be unusually firmly hit by the standards of the time, but – like many female players of the day – she served underhand and only rarely employed spin. Dod only entered one open tournament in 1889 (the Northern Championships, which she won), and

masks: Lottie Dod