texts:
 Negroid admixture amongst the Hamitic groups, but emphasized throughout his major works the essential racial and cultural unity of the various Hamitic peoples. In his Some Aspects of the Hamitic Problem in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1913), he writes that the Northern and Eastern Hamitic "groups shade into each other, and in many parts a Negro admixture has taken place, nevertheless, culturally if not always physically, either division stands apart from its fellow." The Hamites in general, and the Northern Hamites in particular, he asserted, have close "kinship with the European representatives of the Mediterranean race". Drawing from Coon, <mask> also discusses fairer features observed amongst a minority of Berbers or Northern Hamites, such as lighter skin, golden beards and blue eyes. Races of Africa, however, notably questions the belief held by some anthropologists in the early 20th century that these fairer traits, such as blondism, were introduced by a Nordic variety. In addition, <mask> laid stress on the common descent of Hamites with Semites, writing that "there is no doubt that the Hamites and Semites must be regarded as modifications of an original stock, and that their differentiation did not take place so very long ago, evidence for this statement being furnished by the persistence of common cultural traits and linguistic affinities. Physically their relationship is obvious".Races of Africa
Races of Africa (1930) upon publication received positive reviews. It was considered to be the first major published work in English on the ethnography of Africa, widely regarded as an "ethnological classic". The anthropologist Alfred L. Kroeber in a review praises the book for its "vast amount of

masks: Seligman Seligman


type: original

texts:
 accurate information" in such concise form. The first book edition was published by Home University Library and later in the same year by Oxford University Press, and was used in many universities, in history and anthropology classes through to the late 1970s. Races of Africa was also revised four times, <mask> published a second revised edition in 1939, a year before his death: "Additions to the original edition published nine years ago include a note on the importance of the Boskop skull…an account of the Pygmies as described by Paul Schebesta and a slight alteration in the classification of the linguistic stocks of the Guinea Coast". A third edition (revised) appeared in 1957, which was later reprinted by demand in 1959 and 1961. This edition is notable as it was "brought up to date" by over a dozen anthropologists, and was very well received.A final revised edition was published in 1966 and the book was republished up to 1979. Selected works
Melanesians of British New Guinea (1910)
The Veddas (1911) with <mask>
Some Aspects of the Hamitic Problem in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1913)
Races of Africa (1930, 1939,1957,1966)
The Pagan Tribes of Nilotic Sudan (London: Routledge, 1932) with <mask>

He and his wife's papers are held at the London School of Economics. References

External links

Seligman biography at Minnesota State University EMuseum
 Catalogue of the Seligman papers at the Archives Division of the London School of Economics. British ethnologists
British Jews
Jewish anthropologists
1873 births
1940 deaths
Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
Presidents of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and

masks:
Seligman
Brenda Seligman
Brenda Seligman


texts:
<mask> (born May 16, 1977) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the fifth round of the 2001 NFL Draft, and went on to play for the Miami Dolphins, San Diego Chargers, Carolina Panthers, and St. Louis Rams as well as his two nonconsecutive stints with the Eagles. He played college football for the University of Oregon. Early career
Feeley played high school football at Ontario High School as a quarterback in Ontario, Oregon. In four years, he passed for 5,428 yards and 59 touchdowns. In addition to football, he played baseball and basketball. He opted, however, to play college football for the Oregon Ducks.College career
<mask> was a four-year letterman at Oregon, and saw most of his playing time in his sophomore and junior years. He was a nominee for the Davey O'Brien Award<ref>"Update - In The Running", p. 25, 3 November 1999, Eugene Register-Guard</ref> as a junior, throwing for 1,951 yards and 14 touchdowns before being sidelined with an elbow injury. However, during most of his senior year, he was a backup to starter <mask>, who was drafted third overall by the Detroit Lions in 2002. Professional career

Philadelphia Eagles

<mask> was selected in the fifth round with the 155th overall pick of the 2001 NFL Draft by the Philadelphia Eagles. He spent his rookie year in Philadelphia as the third-string quarterback, backing up Donovan McNabb and Koy Detmer. In the season finale of his rookie season, <mask> came off the bench in the fourth quarter and threw two touchdown passes in a 26-second span to bring Philadelphia back from a 13–3 deficit, and win the game by a score of 17–13. The following season, after McNabb and Detmer went down with injuries, the 8-3 Eagles called on Feeley to preserve the team's Super

masks:
Adam Joshua Feeley
Feeley
Joey Harrington
Feeley
Feeley


texts:
 Bowl aspirations.<mask> surprisingly helped lead the Eagles to four straight wins, and secured the number one seed in the playoffs. With McNabb playing the entire 2003 season injury-free, <mask> was not called upon and did not take a single snap during the season. However, he showed enough in the previous two seasons to garner interest around the league. Miami Dolphins

<mask> was traded to the Miami Dolphins in March 2004 in exchange for Miami's 2005 second round pick (used by Philadelphia to select wide receiver Reggie Brown). <mask> was set to compete for the Dolphins' starting quarterback job with <mask>. After the competition, he and Fiedler traded starts throughout the season. The Dolphins season was considered a disaster.Their star running back Ricky Williams retired prior to the season after a failed drug test, and head coach Dave Wannstedt resigned from the team following a 1–9 start. <mask> would under-perform as well; in 11 games, Feeley threw 11 touchdowns against 15 interceptions, for a 61.7 quarterback rating. Feeley would help produce a few bright spots on the year. Following the 1–9 start to enter their bye week, <mask> was given the start in the next six games, going 3-3 (the Dolphins would finish with a 4–12 record) and showing signs of improvement as a starter. Though two of those wins came against the lowly Browns and 49ers, on December 20, 2004, <mask>'s 2-11 Dolphins upset the 12-1 Patriots on Monday Night Football'', in a game that has become known as "The Night That Courage Wore Orange." With the Dolphins trailing by 11 with just 3:59 to play, <mask> guided the team to two late scores, including a game-winning touchdown to Derrius Thompson to upset the defending Super Bowl champions. The game was significant, as the 14-2 Patriots would

masks:
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Jay Fiedler
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley


texts:
 miss out on homefield advantage throughout the playoffs against the 15-1 Steelers.It was also the last time the Patriots would lose that season, en route to another Super Bowl championship. Due to his strong play to end the season, <mask> was named the starting quarterback going into the season by new coach Nick Saban. However, Gus Frerotte was instead named the starter. San Diego Chargers
<mask> was traded to the San Diego Chargers midway through the 2005 season in exchange for Cleo Lemon. As the third-string quarterback behind Drew Brees and Philip Rivers, he did not play the entire season. Philadelphia Eagles (second stint)
<mask> was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles on August 30, 2006, shortly after being released by the Chargers. When McNabb was injured for the season on November 18, 2006, there was speculation that the more youthful <mask> might be named as the new starting quarterback, but head coach <mask> went with <mask>, who led the Eagles to a late-season turnaround and division title.<mask> did play most of the Eagles' regular season finale against the Atlanta Falcons, leading the team to victory with 321 passing yards and three touchdown passes, preventing the Falcons from securing a wild card berth. With Garcia and <mask> both becoming free agents at the end of the season, <mask> signed a three-year contract extension with the Eagles on February 25, 2007. Despite Garcia's success from the previous season, the Eagles viewed <mask> as a better long-term backup because of his age, familiarity of the system, and fit in the locker room. Starting in place of an injured Donovan McNabb on November 25, <mask> threw for 345 yards and three touchdowns with three interceptions in a 31–28 game loss to the then-undefeated New England Patriots. The 10-0

masks:
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Andy Reid
Jeff Garcia
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley


texts:
 Patriots had beaten opponents by an average of 25 points, and the Eagles entered the game as the largest underdogs in NFL history at the time. On December 2, <mask> played again for the injured McNabb. He threw four interceptions, three of those to Lofa Tatupu in a 28–24 loss to the Seattle Seahawks.<mask> was released by the Eagles on September 6, 2009, to make room for Michael Vick. Carolina Panthers
<mask> drew interest from the Packers and Patriots, but signed with the Carolina Panthers on September 15, 2009. St. Louis Rams
On March 5, 2010, <mask> agreed to a two-year contract with the St. Louis Rams. Although he was in competition for the starting job, #1 pick Sam Bradford won the starting job in the preseason. During the 2011 regular season, <mask> replaced an injured Bradford for three games and he led the Rams to a stunning upset of the New Orleans Saints on October 30. It was the first win of the season for St. Louis which entered the game with a 0–6 record. Personal life
In 2010, <mask> married U.S. women's international soccer player Heather Mitts in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico.They currently reside in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. On January 30, 2014, the couple gave birth to a baby boy, Connor William <mask>, and a daughter, Blake Harper, followed in spring 2016. Their third child, <mask>, a son, was born in 2018. References

External links

St. Louis Rams bio
<mask>. Feeley's career stats at Pro-Football-Reference.com

1977 births
Living people
People from Caldwell, Idaho
Players of American football from Idaho
People from Ontario, Oregon
Players of American football from Oregon
American football quarterbacks
Oregon Ducks football players
Miami Dolphins players
Philadelphia Eagles players
San Diego Chargers players
Carolina Panthers players
St. Louis

masks:
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Feeley
Ace
A J


texts:
<mask> (born December 12, 1962, in Stryi, Lviv Oblast) is an entrepreneur from Western Ukraine the founder of OKKO Group. Education
<mask> studied at Stryi School Number 4 from 1970 to 1978. In 1988 he graduated from Ternopil National Economic University with honors with a specialization in “Finance and Credit”. He defended a dissertation on the topic “Activation of the Attraction of Foreign Direct investment into Ukraine's Economy in the Condition of Global Competition” and received a scientific degree, a Ph.D. in economics in 2011. Career
In addition to the OKKO Group, <mask> serves as the head of the Supervisory Board of Concern Galnaftogaz (OKKO filling station network), President of Universalna Investment Group, one of the founders and head of the supervisory board of the Economic Security Fund of Ukraine, a participant in the public project Business 100. He is an Honorary General Consul of the Republic of Lithuania in Lviv and he holds a Ph.D. in Economics. In 1988–1990 <mask> was the head of the mountaineering and tourist club in his hometown; in 1990–1992 he worked as the head of the Lviv Regional Rescue Service of the Red Cross Society in Stryi.In 1992, <mask> started his own business. He became the director of the private company Karat, which carried out wholesale trade in various groups of goods. Soon one of his main specializations was the trade in petroleum products. In 1995, <mask> <mask> became the President of OJSC Galnaftogaz, in 2001-2021 the head of the supervisory board of OJSC Concern Galnaftogaz. In 1999, <mask> opened the first filling station under the OKKO brand in Stryi. In 2000, the first large OKKO filling station complex with a shop, cafe and portal car wash was opened in Lviv on Zelena Street - a prototype of the modern format of filling stations in the OKKO network. From 2004 to 2009,

masks:
Vitaliy Borysovyvch Antonov
Antonov
Antonov
Antonov
Antonov
Vitaliy
Antonov
Antonov


texts: <mask> was the president of the Universalna Investment Group.From 2006 to 2021, he has been a member of the supervisory board of Concern Khlibprom. From 2008 to 2019 - head of the supervisory board of insurance company "Universalna". In 2010–2012, <mask> was recognized three times in a row as the best among the heads of oil and gas companies in the Top-100 ranking of the best managers in Ukraine, compiled by InvestGazeta and Ekonomika publications. At the same time, in 2011 he was among the top three best managers in Ukraine, and in 2012 he was recognized as the best manager in the category "Seller and Marketer" - according to the above-mentioned edition "Top-100". According to the results of online voting on the portal of the newspaper Delo in 2012, <mask> took third place in the national rating "Responsible Leader". In 2013, he entered the hundred most influential people in the country for the first time, according to the Correspondent magazine, taking 66th place in this list. In 2014, the President of PJSC Concern Galnaftogaz topped the ranking of the TOP-10 best managers in Ukraine according to the magazine Kompanion.According to FOCUS magazine, <mask> was among the hundred most influential Ukrainians in 2014. In 2015, <mask> took 28th place in the Top 100 best managers of Ukraine from Delo.UA. Also, the rating experts recognized him as one of the 10 Ukrainian business leaders with the highest reputation. In 2018, the traditional annual ranking of the best top managers of Ukraine by FOCUS magazine included <mask> in the TOP-3 in the retail segment. In the same year, according to the rating of Delo.UA, <mask> took the first place among the best CEOs according to experts and became the 38th in the general list of "300 best top managers of Ukraine". In September 2018, he was included in the list of the 100 most

masks: Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov


texts:
 influential people in Ukraine according to Novoe Vremya magazine. In the ranking of innovation leaders, compiled by Leadership Journey together with the consulting company Nobles Fortune, the president of Concern Galnaftogaz <mask> <mask> took seventh place.In 2019, <mask> entered the annual ranking of FOCUS magazine, becoming one of the best managers in Ukraine in the retail segment. According to readers of Novoe Vremya, <mask> entered the top 12 business columnists, whose columns in 2019 collected the most views. He took third place in the ranking with the column "40 billion USD goes past the economy of Ukraine. What to do with it." In 2020, <mask> entered the annual ranking of FOCUS magazine, named as one of the best managers in Ukraine in the retail segment. Scandals
On November 1, 2018, Russian sanctions were imposed against 322 citizens of Ukraine, including <mask>. On August 21, 2018, in the premises of the Lviv and Kyiv offices of PJSC Concern Galnaftogaz (OKKO filling station network), officers of the Security Service of Ukraine conducted searches with the seizure of documents and equipment.According to <mask>, he and his company are "accused of financing actions taken to overthrow the constitutional order and change Ukraine's state borders," including financing separatism in Eastern Ukraine. In addition, the SSU suspects the OKKO gas station network of operating in the Crimea. On October 25, 2018, in connection with the lack of corpus delicti, criminal proceedings that had been opened in May, 2018, by the Security Service of Ukraine on the grounds of a criminal offense under Part 3 of Art. 110-2 of the Criminal code of Ukraine were closed by the decision of the prosecutor of the General prosecutor's office of Ukraine based on paragraph 2 of part 1 of Art. 284 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine.

masks: Vitaliy Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov


texts:
 Other activities
Since 1999 <mask> has been the Honorary Consul of the Republic of Lithuania in Lviv and Lviv Oblast, and since 2007 - the Honorary General Consul of the Republic of Lithuania in Lviv. In 1999–2000, <mask> headed the commission of the Ukrainian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs's commission on issues of the fuel-energy sector of Ukraine.He has been the head of the Taras Shevchenko Ukrainian-Lithuanian Fund since 2001. <mask> became one of the founders of the Lviv Business School of the Ukrainian Catholic University in 2008. He was a member of the Council of Investors under the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in 2009–2010. In 2016, <mask> was elected a member of the supervisory board of Ivan Franko Lviv National University. On August 24, 2019, for a significant personal contribution to the socio-economic development of the district by the decision of the Skole District Council Number 800 dated August 8, 2019, <mask> was awarded the title of "Honorary Citizen of the Skole District". In 2019-2020 he headed the newly established Committee on Strategic Initiatives,Investment and Tax Policy from the Federation of Employers of Ukraine. Awards

 State Order of Ukraine “For Merit” III Degree
 Lithuanian Government Award – “Millennium Star of Lithuania” Order
 “Christ's Birth 2000” Order of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchy
 Award from the Head of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church
 The title "Honorary Citizen of Skole District"

Family status
<mask> is divorced; he has two daughters (born in 1985 and 1993) and a son (born in 2003).Lives in the сanton of Vaud, Switzerland. References

External links
 http://www.okko.ua
 http://www.galnaftogas.com/

1962 births
Living people
People from Stryi
Ukrainian businesspeople
Honorary consuls of Lithuania
Ternopil National Economic

masks: Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov Antonov


texts:
<mask> is an international soloist, recording artist,  Israeli-American cellist and Professor of Violoncello at the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music. Biography
<mask> studied with Leonard Rose at Juilliard and with Pablo Casals. He has performed with orchestras such as the Chicago Symphony, Philadelphia Orchestra, Baltimore Symphony, Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra, Israel Philharmonic, BBC Welsh Symphony, Irish National Symphony, Buenos Aires Philharmonic, Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra, Jerusalem Symphony, Belgrade Philharmonic, Honolulu Symphony, Seoul Symphony, and I Solisti Zagreb (conducting from the cello) among many others. In New York City, he has performed at Carnegie Hall, the 92nd Street Y, Alice Tully, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He is a frequent guest at major music festivals (Aspen, Bowdoin, Chautauqua, Yale at Norfolk, Blue Hill, Great Wall in Beijing, Great Lakes, Round Top, Casals Prades in France, Finland Festival, Ottawa, Oslo, Prague, and Australia Chamber Music), and has collaborated in performances with preeminent fellow musicians. Highly regarded as a teacher who has inspired a generation of young cellists with his consummate musicianship and originality, he also served on the faculty of the Peabody Conservatory and presents master classes around the globe (Juilliard, Paris Conservatoire, Hochschule fur Musik and Hanns Eisler Hoschschule in Berlin, Hochschule fur Musik Cologne, Royal Academy of Music and Guildhall in London, Royal Welsh Academy of Music and Drama, Tokyo National University, Taiwan National College of Arts, Utrecht Conservatory, University of Indiana at

masks:
Yehuda Hanani
Hanani


texts: Bloomington, McGill University, Jerusalem Academy of Music, University of Mexico City, University of Texas at Houston, Bard, Arizona State University, and many more. In 2008 through 2010 he had residencies at the Shanghai, Beijing and Tianjin Central Conservatories in China.He is especially sought after as an interpreter and elucidator of the music of Johann Sebastian Bach, and his recording of the six suites (Townhall Records) has been critically hailed for its personal relationship with the score. From 1995-2007 he directed the International Bach"Annalia" Festival at the University of Cincinnati. He was the first cellist in the West to record the sonatas of Nikolai Miaskovsky (Finnadar) and won a Grand Prix du Disque nomination for his pioneering recording of the Alkan Sonate de concert in E major. He has similarly championed composers such as Leo Ornstein, Virgil Thomson, and William Schuman with performances and recordings of their works and has been credited with helping to rediscover the life and works of Mendelssohn student Eduard Franck, whose chamber music he has recorded (NAXOS) with violinist Shmuel Ashkenasi and pianist James Tocco. He has also been at the forefront of thematic programming and has directed the innovative chamber music series Close Encounters With Music, based in the Berkshires,  since 1990 in cities across the U.S. and Canada, including Miami, Ft. Lauderdale, Scottsdale, Omaha, Calgary, and at the Frick Museum in New York City. Major composers who have written works for him include: Lera Auerbach, Robert Beaser, Kenji Bunch, Osvaldo Golijov, Jonathan Keren, Owen Leech, Jorge Martin, John Musto, William


texts:
 Perry, Bernard Rands, and Paul Schoenfield. <mask> <mask> has been the subject of hundreds of feature stories, interviews, and reviews in the national and international press, including The New York Times, London Daily Telegraph, Chicago Tribune, Miami Herald, Detroit Free Press, Los Angeles Times, Boston Globe, Baltimore Sun, Washington Post, Philadelphia Inquirer, Cincinnati Enquirer, Arizona Republic, Buffalo Evening News, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, American Record Guide, Stereo Review, Musical America, Strings, Strad, Fanfare, newspapers throughout Europe, Israel, Central and South America, and has been a contributor to Chamber Music Magazine, Strings, and Strad.He has presented over 200 original lectures on music and culture, including appearances at museums: Metropolitan Museum of Art, Detroit Museum of Art, Phoenix Art Museum, Norman Rockwell Museum, Berkshire Museum, Frick Collection, and the Joslyn Art Museum. Aimed at outreach for classical music, his weekly program on NPR affiliate station WAMC Northeast Radio, "Classical Music According to <mask>," has gained thousands of fans for the direct broadcast and podcast. An addition to his educational mission is the founding in 2010 of the Catskill High Peaks Festival in Hunter, NY. Born in Jerusalem, <mask> was brought to the United States from Israel by Leonard Bernstein and Isaac Stern at the age of 19. Bernstein was in the country to guest conduct with the Israel Philharmonic and heard <mask> perform. He currently serves on the faculty of the Mannes School in New York City. Discography

J.S.Bach — Six Suites for Cello Solo
 Suite No. 1 in G major
 Suite No. 4 in E flat

masks: Yehuda Hanani Yehuda Hanani Hanani


texts:
 major
 Suite No. 5 in C minor
 Suite No. 3 in C major
 Suite No. 2 in D minor
 Suite No. 6 in D major

Dazzle and Nostalgia: Cello Favorites
(with Michele Levin, piano)

 "Song Without Words", Op.109 — Mendelssohn
 "Serenade" — Schubert
 "Rondo" — Weber
 "Suite Populaire Espagnole" — de Falla
 "Vocalise" — Rachmaninoff
 "Nocturne", Op. 19, No. 4 — Tchaikovsky
 "Valse Sentimentale", Op. 51, No. 6 — Tchaikovsky
 "Sicilienne", Op. 78 — Fauré
 "The Swan" — Saint-Saëns
 "Variations on a Theme from Rossini's Moses" — Paganini
 "Liebesleid" — Kreisler
 "Schön Rosmarin" — Kreisler
 "Czardas — Monti

Schubert/Schumann for Cello and Piano
(with Michele Levin, piano)

 "Sonata in A Minor", D. 821 "Arpeggione" — Franz Schubert
 "Sonatina in D Major", Op. 137, No.1, D. 384 — Schubert
 "Stücke im Volkston in A Minor", Op. 102 — Robert Schumann
 "Fantasie Stücke" — Schumann

Vivaldi — Six Sonatas for Cello, Harpsichord, and Continuo
''(with Lionel Party, Harpsichord; and Miho Zaitsu, Continuo)

 Sonata No. 1 in B flat major
 Sonata No. 2 in F major
 Sonata No. 3 in A minor
 Sonata No. 4 in B flat minor
 Sonata No. 5 in E minor
 Sonata No.6 in B flat major

See also
 Eroica Classical Recordings
 Albany Records

References
 Artist Profile: <mask> <mask>, Eroica Classical Recordings. Faculty Profile: Y<mask>, Cincinnati Conservatory of Music. External links
 College-Conservatory of Music, University of Cincinnati

Israeli classical cellists
American classical cellists
American people of Israeli descent
Juilliard School alumni
University of Cincinnati faculty
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Mannes College The New School for

masks:
Yehuda
Hanani
. Hanani


texts:
<mask> (November 24, 1846 – February 25, 1936) was an American banker and philanthropist who made major contributions to the modern landscape of Washington, D.C. in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was President of Riggs Bank, an effective advocate of urban beautification in Washington under the influence of the City Beautiful movement, and a generous donor of land and money for Washington's parks and monuments. <mask> played a critical role in the creation of Rock Creek Park, the National Zoo, the National Cathedral, Potomac Park, and Glover-Archbold Park. National Park Service historian <mask>. Heine, in a 1952 study of <mask>'s contributions, described him as "both a businessman and a poet." In his account, the parks that <mask> directly helped to create in the District of Columbia together represented some 3,200 acres, nearly half the total surface of the National Capital Parks. Early life and career

<mask> was born in Macon County, North Carolina, the son of <mask> and <mask>. His paternal grandparents were English-born socialite and poet <mask> and , a prominent Maryland attorney.He moved to Washington at age eight to live there with his grandmother. He started working as a teller at Riggs & Company in 1866. In the wake of the Panic of 1873, after many banks had failed, <mask> was promoted to Chief Administrative Officer at age 27. He became partner and was the bank's effective leader in 1881 at the time of the death of George Washington Riggs. In 1896, the bank was converted into a national bank and he became its President. In the early 1900s he oversaw the construction of the new Riggs National Bank headquarters facing the US Treasury Building. He retired from the bank in 1921.<mask> was active in the debate that led to the eventual adoption of the Federal Reserve Act and presented a plan for economic relief to the U.S. Congress in 1908. He is mentioned by Robert L. Owen

masks:
Charles Carroll Glover
Glover
Cornelius W
Glover
Glover
Glover
Richard Leonidas Glover
Caroline Piercy Glover
Jane Cocking Glover
Glover
Glover


texts:
 together with Frank A. Vanderlip as a source of inspiration for key amendments to the Aldrich–Vreeland Act passed in 1914. He was also involved in several other business ventures, including as Director of the Washington and Georgetown Railroad, the ancestor of the Washington Metro, and as President of the Washington Stock Exchange. As a banker to congressmen and presidents, <mask> was often a guest at the White House. A story by historian <mask> describes <mask>'s relationship with Theodore Roosevelt, whose children played at <mask>'s country house, despite the men being from being different parties. Public advocacy and philanthropy

In 1881, <mask> started to promote the reclamation of the Potomac mud flats that extended West and South of the National Mall, and their transformation into a great public park. This idea was met with stubborn opposition from railroad companies which then had facilities on the Mall and wanted to extend them further.The reclamation work started in 1882 under the leadership of <mask> Hains, including the creation of the Tidal Basin. But the future use of the land was not settled before early 1897, when <mask> obtained the passage of a bill establishing Potomac Park and personally persuaded President Grover <mask> to sign it on his last full day in office. This paved the way for the McMillan Plan a few years later. The Lincoln Memorial, Jefferson Memorial, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, and many other iconic monuments of Washington, D.C. owe their existence to the creation of Potomac Park. In 1888, <mask> became the leading promoter of the creation of Rock Creek Park. The project of protecting the natural area around Rock Creek had emerged a generation earlier, but several bills to materialize it had failed in Congress since a first attempt in 1866. Together with other local civic leaders including newspaper publisher <mask> Noyes and lawyer <mask> <mask>, he

masks:
Glover
Carlton Fletcher
Glover
Glover
Glover
Peter Conover
Glover
Cleveland
Glover
Crosby Stuart
Calderon
Carlisle


texts: successfully lobbied for bills that led to the creation of the National Zoo in 1889 and Rock Creek Park in 1890.In 1898, <mask> was one of the founding members of the Washington Board of Trade, which quickly became the city's most politically powerful civic organization. <mask> made major contributions to the landscape of Massachusetts Avenue NW. While living at 4300 Massachusetts Avenue, <mask> contributed to its development. <mask> was also attributed with helping develop Embassy Row. In 1928, when <mask> provided a site for the British Legation at 3100 Massachusetts Avenue, it was the birth of what is now known as Embassy Row. The construction of the National Cathedral was launched under <mask>'s leadership at a meeting in his house on Lafayette Square in 1891. In 1896, anticipating on the avenue's extension beyond Rock Creek, he built his country house and estate, Westover, south of the present Ward Circle.(Westover was razed and redeveloped in the 1960s.) About a decade later, he moved there permanently and used the avenue for his daily commute downtown. <mask> was also a trustee of American University, and was instrumental in its establishment on its current main campus, immediately northwest of Westover. Fittingly, when a new bridge was built in the late 1930s to carry Massachusetts Avenue over Rock Creek, it was dedicated with <mask>'s name. In addition to promoting the creation of parkland through his efforts in Congress, <mask> also donated land of his own. In 1924 he gave some 80 acres of land which, together with a smaller gift from oil heiress Anne Archbold, daughter of John Dustin Archbold, formed Glover-Archbold Park. He also donated other tracts of land in the Eastern part of the District of Columbia.In the early 1920s, he also secured funding for the design of Arlington Memorial Bridge, which was completed a decade later. He was Vice-President and Treasurer of the Corcoran

masks: Glover Glover Glover Glover Glover Glover Glover Glover Glover


texts:
 Gallery. Personal life
<mask> married <mask> Poor (1856-1943), daughter of <mask> Poor, on January 10, 1878. They had two children, Elizabeth Lindsay <mask> (1878-1950) and <mask> <mask> (1888-1976). <mask> married René de Marees van Swinderen, Dutch ambassador to the United States. <mask>, his wife, their son, and his wife Marion Everett <mask>, were all buried in a family grave in Oak Hill Cemetery. Legacy

<mask>'s name is carried by the Glover-Archbold Park, and by extension, the Glover Park neighborhood; the Charles C. Glover Memorial Bridge; Glover Road in Rock Creek Park; and Glover Drive, a small street south of the site of Westover (see below).His children dedicated a plaque commemorating his key contribution to the construction of the Washington National Cathedral in the church's south nave. At American University, where <mask> was treasurer of the Board of Trustees from 1891-1922, the gate of the main campus on Massachusetts Avenue bears <mask>'s name. A student award, the <mask> C. <mask> Award, was established in 1950 and is awarded annually to a senior that combines citizenship with business leadership in service to the university. Riggs Bank
In the 1880s major shareholders of Riggs National Bank were dissatisfied with antitrust rules and federal banking legislation. The legislation made it challenging for commercial banks to manage trust funds. In response, the shareholders established the American Security and Trust Company, which was founded in 1889. Where Riggs was the commercial bank arm, American Security and Trust was the trust arm.When <mask> became president, he was involved American Security and Trust Company's creation. When he built the new Riggs building, he gave one wing to its use. American Security and Trust grew in the coming years, and in 1931, moved to a 10-story building across the street. Westover
Also associated with <mask> is the memory of his country

masks:
Glover
Annie Cunnigham
Charles Henry
Glover
Charles Carroll
Glover Jr
Elizabeth Glover
Glover
Wise Glover
Glover
Glover
Glover
Charles
Glover
Glover
Glover


texts:
 estate, Westover. It occupied the whole 30-acre area between what are now Massachusetts Avenue NW, Nebraska Avenue NW, New Mexico Avenue NW, Cathedral Avenue NW, and the Glover-Archbold Park. The mansion of the same name, with entrance at 4300 Massachusetts Avenue, was built in 1896. In 1920, <mask> gave the southern half of the estate (with entrance at 4200 Massachusetts Ave) to his son, <mask><mask> Jr, who named it Orchard Hill and built a large Tudor-style house.After <mask>'s death, Westover was rented during the 1950s as the Irish Embassy. It was sold in 1959 to the National Presbyterian Church, which razed the house in 1967 but decided not to build a church there and relocated farther northeast on Nebraska Avenue NW instead. Orchard Hill in turn was razed in 1977 after the death of <mask>'s son. A number of residential developments were built on the site of Westover, including: The Towers at 4201 Cathedral Ave NW (1960), The Foxhall (1971), Westover Place (late 1970s), Sutton Towers (1979), Embassy Park (1981), Avalon at Foxhall (1982), and the East Campus of American University (under construction in 2015). Assessment
James M. Goode, a historian of Washington, D.C., wrote of him: "Few if any native Washingtonians have left a more positive and lasting contribution to the city than <mask><mask> Sr., who gave of his wealth (before the days of income-tax deductions for philanthropy) to the future public good." Goode also attributes a key role to <mask> in the creation of the National Arboretum by act of Congress in 1927. References

1846 births
1936 deaths
American bank presidents
American philanthropists
People from Macon County, North Carolina
Burials at Oak Hill Cemetery (Washington, D.C.)
Philanthropists from North Carolina
Businesspeople from North Carolina
Philanthropists from Washington, D.C.
Businesspeople from Washington, D.C.
20th-century American businesspeople
American people of

masks:
Glover
Charles C
. Glover
Glover
Glover
Charles C
. Glover
Glover


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<mask> (31 July 1815 – 28 April 1873) was born at Lasswade, near Edinburgh in Scotland. He is mainly remembered for his book The Theory of Human Progression of 1850 which sets out his philosophy that land should be in common ownership, with the economic rent on the land taking the place of other taxes, an idea generally known as Georgism. Early life
<mask> came from a family of distinguished clergymen and landowners. He was descended from Sir <mask> of Upton, near Peterborough (son of Bishop <mask>). His branch of the family had connections with the Royal Navy going back to 1716 when they moved to Devon where the family still live. His father, Lieutenant <mask> RN, retired from active service with the Navy at the end of the Napoleonic wars in 1815, taking up an appointment at Deal, Kent connected with the Cinque Ports. <mask> was educated in England and in France, where he was expelled from the Academy for leading a rebellion against the master.He greatly desired a career in the navy, but his father would not allow this and in 1830 <mask> was sent to Scotland to learn farming. Following this he spent time in Paris, in Spain and in London, where he impressed a friend by his "enormous energy, both physical and mental". In 1841 he took the Craig estate near Ballantrae, Ayrshire, and lived the quiet life of a country gentleman. He was a first-rate horseman, took up fly-fishing and sailing, was an excellent shot and showed mechanical abilities, contributing the article on gunmaking to the 8th edition of Encyclopædia Britannica. As well as becoming an agricultural adviser to neighbouring farmers, during the potato famine he put his energies into providing work for his starving neighbours. Since he

masks:
Patrick Edward Dove
Patrick Dove
William Dove
Thomas Dove
Henry Dove
Edward
Edward


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 disapproved of the game laws, he had no gamekeeper on his estate to stop poaching. An unfortunate investment led to him losing most of his fortune in 1848, then in 1849 he married Ann Forrester, daughter of an Edinburgh solicitor.They spent the next year in Darmstadt, Germany, where he continued his interest in philosophy; studying, lecturing and writing. The Theory of Human Progression
While <mask> was still in Darmstadt, his book The Theory of Human Progression, and Natural Probability of a Reign of Justice was published anonymously in 1850 as a limited edition, both in London and Edinburgh. This was to be the first part of a treatise on "a Science of politics", defining science as "nature seen by the reason, and not merely by the senses. Science exists in the mind, and in the mind alone." In it he set out his thesis that "the land produces, according to the law of the Creator, more than the value of the labor expended upon it, and on this account men are willing to pay a rent for the land", this rent being "the profit that God had graciously been pleased to accord to human industry employed in the cultivation of the soil". He saw the land as a gift of the Creator to all men, which should therefore be common rather than private property, but dividing the land into equal shares would be impractical, so the rent should be shared in common, effectively replacing all other taxes. The book was praised by Thomas Carlyle as the voice of a new revolution in education and economics, and the philosopher Sir William Hamilton spoke of it rallying mankind to great reforms.Charles Sumner had copies made and circulated them in the United States, subsequently persuading <mask> to write an article opposing

masks: Dove Dove


texts:
 slavery titled The Elder and Younger Brother which appeared in the Boston Commonwealth on 21 September 1853. Despite such praise the book was not a popular success, however some scholarly interest continued. In 1884 Henry George praised the book at a public meeting in Glasgow, and <mask> is now seen as a forerunner of the idea known as Georgism. Intelligent design
The index and heading to page 476 uses the words Intelligence – intelligent design, and this is now seen as one of the first uses of the term intelligent design which has lately been revived by an anti-evolution movement. However <mask> does not discuss biological evolution, though Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation had brought ideas of transmutation of species to public attention in 1844, and uses the term evolution to refer to the development of "a genuine natural theology". He reasons that intuitive perception of a "primordial force" in the works of nature, if only matter is thought to be objective, leads to pantheism, "the theological credence of a large portion of the scientific men on the continent". This appears to refer to the ideas of natural laws put forward by writers such as Auguste Comte which had influenced the inception of Darwin's theory, a theory which would not be made public until 1858.<mask> contends that to achieve a "scientific exit" from pantheism the "primordial force" must be perceived as an intelligent agent, then notes that the adaption of matter for the achievement of ends has been called design, a reference to the natural theology of the day. Further work
<mask> moved from Germany back to Edinburgh, where he gave lectures at the Philosophical Institution, the subject in 1853 being Heroes of the

masks: Dove Dove Dove Dove


texts:
 Commonwealth. In succeeding years he lectured on The Wild Sports of Scotland and The Crusades. In April 1853 he became captain of the Midlothian Rifle Club, and in 1854 as well as editing the Witness during the illness of a friend, he published the second volume of his treatise, Elements of Political Science. This was followed by Romanism, Rationalism and Protestant in defence of Protestantism. He then wrote the concluding third volume of his treatise which remained unpublished and has been lost. He published The Logic of the Christian Faith, then in 1858 The Revolver which suggests ideas for rifle clubs and defence of the country as well as lamenting the Highland clearances.That year he moved to Glasgow and edited the Commonwealth newspaper as well as the Imperial Dictionary of Biography and jointly edited the Imperial Journal of the Arts and Sciences. He also wrote the Encyclopædia Britannica article on Government and devised a rifled cannon with advantages in range and accuracy, but was unable to afford further testing which the ordnance committee requested. He took command of the 91st Lanarkshire rifle volunteers in 1859 and in the next year won several prizes at the first meeting of the National Rifle Association at Wimbledon Common, but then suffered a stroke causing paralysis. In May 1862 he went to convalesce in the Colony of Natal, South Africa, returning the following April, then died a year later. By this time slavery in the United States had been abolished. References
The Theory of Human Progression (abridged version)

Charles  B. Fillebrown / <mask> <mask>

External links

1815 births
1873 deaths
Scottish essayists
Scottish philosophers
Scottish economists
People from

masks:
Patrick Edward
Dove


texts:
<mask> (born April 30, 1972) is a Swiss economic philosopher, digital business model innovatonist, management visionaire, entrepreneur, and author of the books We Are The Economy! (2012) and Rise of the Digital Tribal Society (2016). In his 2012 book, he describes an economic philosophy of ‘Economy 3.0’ as a principle of need satisfaction and a new way of working together that reflects this fundamental change. Economy 3.0 is an economy that is decentrally controlled by people. Put simply, Economy 1.0 can be described as agriculture. The Economy 2.0 is the industrial society and Economy 3.0 is the service society. Each economy level includes shares of the others.The significant difference is this: Economy 2.0 was about eliminating scarcity. In Economics 3.0, the goal is to deal with the abundance. Fiechter has the vision of a future global economic and social order, defined by a transparent digital barter society, based on reciprocity, equality, and cooperation instead of competition. Based on the ‘Economy 3.0’ theory Fiechter invented a management-, strategy- and controlling-methodology for human-centered corporate management. Furthermore, <mask> is the founder of the ISG Institute in St. Gallen and General Director of M&H Equity AG, an private equity investment company that operates internationally and with a unique methodology that can identify risks and potentials in companies based on the soft factors. For the Carlo Foundation, by the Liechtenstein government, he developed a rating approach for the sustainable rating and valuation of financial products. On behalf of the Austrian Chamber of Commerce, he developed the hidden champion 3.0 award, which rates export-oriented companies according to the rating criteria of the economy 3.0.Fiechter has been involved with his project Peerworld of the Clinton Global Initiative since 2016. Early life

<mask> was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina on April 30, 1972. He is the son of <mask>, <mask>. He has a sister Natalia born 1976. In the early eighties, Fiechter and his family fled Argentina because of the threat by the Argentinian putschists. The family returned to Switzerland. Integrating into Swiss schooling and culture was difficult for Fiechter, and he

masks:
Oliver Fiechter
Fiechter
Fiechter
Beat Fiechter
Ursula Fiechter


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 began to distrust authorities categorically.<mask>'s negative experiences with institutionalized education influenced his interest in Adaptive Learning, as stated in his book; We Are The Economy! (2012). In it, Fiechter advocates individualized lifelong learning that “develops constructive critical thinking and individual development.” Fiechter is opposed to factory-like, mass training without regard for the individual. He states that in order to adapt to the changing digitalization of the world, education will have to shift away from standardization and towards fostering individual creativity and innovation. Career

Fiechter's beliefs are strongly influenced by constructionist philosophies, particularly Heinz von Foerster's work on self-organizing systems. Fiechter's core interests lie in the relationships and social exchanges that take place while the needs of the stakeholders within the system are being satisfied. In 2008 Fiechter founded the ISG Institute in St. Gallen, a Swiss-based think-tank known for developing methodology and tools (based on empirical research) that enable companies to measure and report on “soft factors” and individual preferences such as values, ideals, psychological motivations and attitudes of customers, employees, management and other stakeholders.The methodologies see companies as complex social organizations; and thus integrate intangible nonfinancial assets with traditional financial assets in valuation analysis. Companies can therefore measure and report (in real time) how soft factors impact financial performance. PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and Ernst & Young (EY), have adopted Fiechter's tools as part of their client solutions. The ‘Hidden Champion 3.0 Award’ of the Austrian Ministry of Commerce is based on this methodology (see Hidden Champions). In 2009, the Swiss economist and winner of the Swiss Innovation Prize (1983)  Prof. Dr. Cuno Pümpin partnered with the ISG Institute. The collaboration proved that management makes more sound and objective decisions when implementing ISG-methodology (including qualitative and quantitative facts). Fiechter's belief in the “Stakeholder Value Management” approach (versus the “Financial Value Management”) is the basis for


texts:
 his Economy 3.0 philosophy.In the Economy 3.0 the purpose of a company or organization is to produce value for every stakeholder involved—customers, employees, shareholders, suppliers, local communities, even the society at large. In contrast, the “Shareholder Value Movement” focuses solely on maximizing profits and maximizing the value of a company for certain stakeholders. In <mask>'s opinion, the Shareholder Value movement contributed substantially to the 2008 world financial crisis. He believes that the shareholder value movement has reached its limits and that advancing communication technologies, digitalization and the emergence of peer-to-peer networks can shift the balance of power towards individuals. He foresees a new economic order wherein networks of clients and stakeholders collaborate and co-create for the betterment of society. Economy 1.0 and 2.0

Economy 3.0 is a new economic system that is described in the book ‘We are the Economy!’ by <mask>. In cooperation with tech entrepreneurs, politicians and artists, <mask> had developed 33 theses which later constituted the basis of that book.In order to understand Economy 3.0, one needs to understand the economic systems that preceded it, as well as the key differences between Economies 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0. Economy 1.0 is the first economic system that is based on money. It marks the beginning of large scale industry and its goal is dealing with the fundamental problem of physical scarcity. Basic needs like food, water and clothing have to be satisfied. The demand is significantly higher than the supply, so the size of the market is determined by the supply side, which mainly consists of small businesses that focus on satisfying local needs. The driving force of Economy 1.0 is development and the system is controlled by the state. Economy 2.0 is not just about survival anymore; its participants are longing for material wealth.An increase in efficiency leads to more supply, which brings supply and demand into alignment and therefore increases the power of the consumer. The average size of enterprises increases – which is one of the reasons for increased efficiency – and enterprise management is concentrated in the hands of a few. Furthermore,

masks:
Fiechter
Oliver Fiechter
Oliver Fiechter


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 the realization of the ego becomes the driving force of the system; the individual wants to be unique. Since the needs of the customers are more or less equal, whether or not a need can be satisfied depends on the financial possibilities of the individual. In this economy, success is assessed through profit, respectively the lack thereof. Economy 3.0

“The imperative of Economy 3.0 is called intellectualization, this means that a community is to empower its members to reflexive thinking and acting.” In Economy 3.0, the third sector – the service sector – dominates. There is an abundance of physical and material goods, which is why the exchange of intangibles in order to increase intangible prosperity becomes the primary focus of the system.The demand for efficiency and size is replaced by a demand for creativity and empathy. Intangible needs are highly individual and cannot be satisfied through mass production. In order to fulfill a customer need, an enterprise needs to know what exactly the need is and how it can be fulfilled. The gap between producer and consumer shrinks; the consumer turns into a co-producer. New forms of relationships between organizations and stakeholders are required, the interaction becomes more important than the transaction. Digitalization leads to a new kind of knowledge society because the internet makes it possible for everyone to contribute and access knowledge. “The basis of the new creation of the economy is through dematerialization.” Dematerialization changes the needs as well as the means to satisfy the needs.The physical world is losing importance, whereas the non-physical world is becoming more and more relevant; the material world is turning into an intangible world. Corporate management in Economy 3.0 works according to the principles of self-organization. The metaphor of the swarm can be used to explain these principles. “Swarms function without central control, solely by the cooperation of individual agents that interact loyally with each other and are equal to each other.” A swarm forms, whenever a group of people pursues the same task. Successful swarms require a commitment to self-organization, indirect cooperation, access to a wide variety of knowledge and


texts: it has to be able to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Since there is no one giving instructions, tools like knowledge competitions – where different approaches are compared and assessed – need to be used to increase the quality of decisions. When enterprises function according to the swarm principle, this leads to a decentralization of management, which leads to a new, more equal distribution of power.As beneficial as the swarm principle may seem, there is one thing that needs to be taken into consideration: the so-called knowledge paradox. More available knowledge leads to better processes due to better information. However, having knowledge that no one else has means having power, which incentivizes individuals to keep knowledge to themselves. The knowledge paradox arises due to lack of knowledge about the behavior of others. Communicative integration and information transparency can help to avoid it. The characteristics of Economy 3.0 are transparency, digitality and reciprocity. Like any new system, it has new rules and creates new winners and losers.Five new rules that can be derived are that one needs to self-reflect and network. Additionally, one needs to be transparent, offer dematerialized value and take part in the new, decentralized control possibilities. The winners of Economy 3.0 can be separated into two categories: the digital and the creative. Who the digital are is quite self-explanatory; due to digitalization, the distances between two countries is virtually nonexistent. The world is designated as flat and individuals are separated into different segments on the internet according to their identity. The digital are the ones who are able to cope with this and use it to their advantage. The creative are able to interpret and reinterpret knowledge, products, processes and systems.They think critically and question existing conditions and premises. Closely related to the creative are people with high human capital. Their main task is storing and managing knowledge. They understand, collect and document existing knowledge. People with high human capital have received a high formal education and collaborating with them is desirable for others. The losers of Economy 3.0 are


texts:
 difficult to determine. Whether the winners of Economy 2.0 constitute the losers of 3.0 depends on their focus and whether or not they accept the change.The most apparent thing the winners of Economy 2.0 are going to want to focus on is trying to hold on to the old system. “The winners of Economy 2.0 will use their weapons so that the old power relations remain alive. This is achieved by the old system remaining alive, the old conventions being declared as irreversible and the previous central control mechanisms being maintained.” However, if they master the rules of Economy 3.0 or if they are able to manipulate their weapons so that the rules of Economy 2.0 still lead to success, they may become winners of Economy 3.0. Education of Economy 2.0 works according to the key principle of its economy: efficiency. It can be compared to a trivial process; input is offered and a clear output is expected; the individuality of the learners is ignored. Future educational systems should be systems that accompany people over their entire lives and embrace the individuality of those learning. They should allow creativity and unpredictability; strengths should be discovered and promoted.“As a result of modified education, people become less able to be influenced, less able to be manipulated, less able to be controlled from the outside.”

Measuring systems of today, most importantly GDP, measure success according to the principles and goals of Economy 2.0. In new economic systems, we need new indicators to evaluate the prosperity and well-being of states. Instead of only measuring quantitative indicators like financial profit, emotional indicators like the happiness and the health of a society should be integrated into our calculations of success. Instead of calling it Economy 4.0, ‘We are the Economy!’ refers to the economy following Economy 3.0 as Synchronomy. Synchronomy is a neologism made up of synchronization and economy. This new system overcomes the logic of scarcity; it is replaced by the logic of abundance. The tangible needs are already satisfied; the system is entirely devoted to the intangible.Enterprises only exist as synchronization platforms where people who produce certain benefits and people who


texts: want to receive those benefits meet and form ‘communities’. A community dissolves, once the particular need is satisfied. In Synchronomy, the features of the markets that are characteristic in Economy 3.0 – virtuality, transparency and reciprocity – gain importance. Dematerialization continues, the principle of exchange and ‘interaction instead of transaction’ are in the foreground. Hierarchies are replaced by networks. There is a complete decentralization of the structure, development and management of enterprises; they are fully in the hands of the stakeholders. Instead of having executives, communities rely on direct communication and swarm intelligence.The central task of the dematerialized enterprises in Synchronomy is to act as knowledge centers that store, develop and redistribute knowledge. Physical work loses relevance because it can be delegated to robots and avatars. In the decentralized system of Synchronomy, every person has equal value. This means, that every single one of us is responsible for the well-being of the economy and the welfare of society. “Synchronomy is only possible if people have a high level of education and recognize their social, political and economic responsibility.” Individuals need to be willing to reflect on personal and social goals as well as on their identities. There are three hurdles in the way of realizing the ideas of Synchronomy. The first one is the educational system.It should promote the individuality as well as the self-reflection of those learning and accompany people over their entire lives. The second hurdle is the mistaken belief that the mass is always right. Structures that make the implementation of self-defeating ideas harder need to be created. The third hurdle is overcoming the monetary system. Synchronomy is a modern exchange economy; it should return to a system of reciprocal exchange. Measuring systems of today, most importantly GDP, measure success according to the principles and goals of Economy 2.0. In new economic systems, we need new indicators to evaluate the prosperity and well-being of states.Instead of only measuring quantitative indicators like financial profit, emotional indicators like the happiness and the health of a society


texts:
 should be integrated into our calculations of success. 33 Thesis
Based on the Economy 3.0, Fiechter developed 33 theses for the digital age. These theses are addressed to creative sense workers who want to live consciously and environmentally friendly:

1. Economy’s objective is the satisfaction of our needs.2. We all are at the heart of economy. A large part of our everyday lives is about economic actions, be it as consumer, as employee of a company, as shareholder at the stock exchange or as part of the community that defines the political parameters of the economy.3. In order to get the economic system up and running, it needs us as we perform the central functions of the economic system together on a daily basis.4.Bit by bit, the winners and losers of our economic system become apparent.5. The capitalistic system is in a big crisis, having not yet found the road towards renewal. 6. Due to its maximization approach, the guild of economists bears the responsibility that economy has dehumanized and disconnected from our needs.7. Nowadays, economic theory does not correspond with our perceived reality at all.8. Current riots around the globe are one result thereof.9. We are all asked to change economy.10.It is up to us to improve economy and there by improve the living conditions of millions of people. 11. Economy has not dropped from the sky. It is no natural phenomenon against which we as humans are powerless.12. We believe that it is our collective emotions that form the economic system. 13. The creative control over the development of economic theories shall no longer rest with the competence of academies, chairs and elites.14. We are the power. We must only think from a common point of view as a WE and no longer rely on the leaders of this world. 15. The leaders need us more than we need them.16. The new Economy 3.0 establishes a new system of thought and values, which allows us greater freedom but, on the other hand, more social responsibility.17. Pure transaction oriented mass consumption will decrease.We will buy more products that precisely correspond to our identity. 18. The internet is developing new rules and thereby creates new winners and new losers. 19. We respect the following four


texts:
 rules: I. reflect yourself II. network yourself III. share your knowledge IV.participate at decentralized control options.20. The network helps us to better reflect about us and our needs by means of a dialog with others. 21. The network helps to bring our needs in line with the companies’ value propositions.22. Social networks like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and others increase the ability to influence, to actively participate and join in the discussion again. We have regained the autonomy over economic processes that have previously been controlled by the companies.23. The internet fully involves us and makes us participants.24.We do not want any ready-made matters any more.25. We do not need anybody who explains the world to us; we rather want to play an active role in the development of our consumer products. 26. We ask to be involved and to co-design something actively instead of consuming passively.27. Social networks are about to break up the structures of our capitalistic system step by step.28. CEOs and managers underestimate the political power of social affairs of in the internet.29. New types of consumption will be created that put emphasis on the use and functions of a product and less emphasis on its material possession.30.Once use has become more important than possession, money will lose its impact and as a consequence, social power structures will change fundamentally.31. We are living in a kind of twilight zone in which the battle for the future is raging. We are witnessing the struggle between the forces of centralization and decentralization.32. Large companies and established organizations have a hard time finding the right approach to get us involved.33. There is no question whether the revolution is about to begin or not; the question is how we are going to face it: anarchy or structured change.'' Bibliography
 “We are the Economy! The Emergence of a New Social Order in the Age of the Freelance Economy”.Stämpfli Verlag AG (2012). ASIN: B00B9MTS7Y
 “Rise of the Digital Tribal Society”. Neue Zürcher Zeitung NZZ Libro (2016). See also
 Clinton Global Initiative

References

1972 births
Living people
20th-century economists
21st-century economists
Swiss economists
Argentine


texts: <mask> (born 13 February 1963) is a boxer from Duisburg-Hamborn in Germany. He was often overlooked due to his more talented and successful younger brother, <mask>. He became a professional boxer in 1983 and won the German Cruiserweight championship in 1985. He failed in two attempts to win the European Boxing Union Light Heavyweight championships. He also failed to take the WBO Cruiserweight championship from Tyrone Booze in 1992. He finally won the WBO Cruiserweight championship on June 10, 1995, and held it for more than two years. He won the vacant title by scoring a technical knockout over Carl Thompson and defended it six times.He lost the title in a rematch with Thompson in 1997 and retired from boxing in 1999. Rocchigiani was contractually signed to German boxing promoter Klaus-Peter Kohl and his company "Universum Boxpromotions." He was trained by Fritz Sdunek. Today <mask> Rocchigiani owns a bar on the Savignyplatz in Berlin and also served as a trainer for his brother Graciano <mask>.

masks:
Ralf Rocchigiani
Graciano Rocchigiani
Ralf
Rocchigiani


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<mask> (May 11, 1919 – May 13, 1973) was a highly decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps who reached the rank of major general. <mask> received the Navy Cross, the United States military's second-highest decoration awarded for valor in combat, for his actions during the Recapture of Guam in July 1944. He later commanded the 1st Marine Division at the end of Vietnam War. Early years and World War II

<mask><mask> was born on May 11, 1919, in Bryan, Texas, the son of Henry A<mask> and his wife Josephine Baker. He attended high school in Dallas in 1937 and then graduated from the University of Texas at Austin in June 1941 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. While at university, <mask> was named a Phi Beta Kappa and also enlisted in the Marine Corps Reserve in May 1941. After graduation, Widdecke attended the Officer Candidate School at the Marine Corps School in Quantico.After completing his courses he was commissioned in the Marine Corps Reserve as a second lieutenant on November 1, 1941. He was then ordered to the Reserve Officer Course, also at Quantico. While he was on this course, the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in December 1941. <mask> then served as a recruiting officer in San Antonio, Texas, until April 1942, when he joined the 2nd Raider Battalion at San Diego under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Evans Carlson. He was also integrated in the regular Marine Corps during that time. With the activation of 22nd Marine Regiment under Colonel John T. Walker, <mask> was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant and appointed commander of Headquarters Company of 1st Battalion. His unit subsequently sailed to Samoa, in the South Pacific, at the end of June 1942 and served as a jungle training unit until February 1944.During that time, <mask> was promoted to captain and was appointed commander of 1st Battalion's Company C.

The 22nd Marines were ordered to take part in the assault on Eniwetok Atoll on February 22 and <mask> led his company ashore on Parry Island under heavy enemy mortar and machine gun fire. With his men, he participated in a headlong attack against the

masks:
Charles Fred Widdecke
Widdecke
Charles F
. Widdecke
. Widdecke
Widdecke
Widdecke
Widdecke
Widdecke
Widdecke


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 entrenched Japanese. For his gallantry in action, <mask> was decorated with the Silver Star and also received the Navy Unit Commendation. After the battle, <mask> and his regiment were ordered to Guadalcanal for rest and further training in April 1944. The 22nd Marines were now attached to the 1st Provisional Marine Brigade under Brigadier General Lemuel C. Shepherd. The 1st Brigade received orders to take part in the assault on Guam in July 1944. The regiment landed on Guam on July 21 as the left flank of the invasion force.<mask> and his men secured a position on the beach in the face of strong opposition and prepared for the attack against the fanatic Japanese holding Orote Peninsula and its strategic airfield. Under his leadership, his company sustained the momentum of the subsequent attacks despite the bitterness of the action and the many casualties sustained by his Marines. With his company's advance disrupted by heavy machine-gun, rifle, artillery and mortar barrages, on July 25, <mask> organized his men led them in a charge through heavy fire. The Japanese position was captured although <mask> was himself seriously wounded. <mask> was decorated with the Navy Cross, the second highest decoration in bravery and was ordered to the field hospital. His wounds required special treatment and he was evacuated to the United States for further hospitalization in September 1944. He remained in the Naval Hospital in San Diego until March 1945.Postwar career

After recovering from his wounds, for which he received a Purple Heart, <mask> was promoted to the rank of major. He was subsequently attached to the Division of Reserve at Headquarters Marine Corps. He served under Major General William T. Clement until February 1948, when he was sent to Quantico to attend the Junior Course at Marine Corps School. On completing the course in August 1948, he sailed for Guam, where he was appointed assistant chief of staff for personnel within 1st Provisional Marine Brigade under Brigadier General Edward A. Craig. In April 1949, <mask> was posted to Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, also at Guam, as

masks: Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke


texts: assistant chief of staff for personnel. In June 1950, <mask> was ordered back to the United States and appointed an instructor in the Tactical Operations Group, Marine Corps Educational Center, at Quantico. While in this capacity, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in November 1951.<mask> remained at Quantico and served as an instructor in the Tactics section, Senior Course from July 1952 to August 1953. This assignment ended, when he was ordered to the Army Command and Staff College at Fort Leavenworth in Kansas for regular courses. <mask> graduated in June 1954 and immediately left for Korea, where he assumed command of the 2nd Battalion, 1st Marines, 1st Marine Division. However, the armistice was already in effect and he took part only in the defense of Korean Demilitarized Zone. In January 1955, he was appointed commander of the Headquarters Battalion, 1st Marine Division. Two months later, he returned with the division to Camp Pendleton. His next duties brought him to Washington, D.C., in July 1955, when he was appointed assistant director of Marine Corps Institute and commanding officer of the institute's detachment.<mask> remained in this capacity only until January 1956, when he was chosen by Commandant Randolph M. Pate as his Aide-de-Camp. He left Washington in July 1958 and returned to San Diego, where he assumed duties as the commanding officer of the 1st Recruit Training Battalion at Marine Corps Recruit Depot. <mask> served later as executive officer of Recruit Training Command there and was promoted to the rank of colonel in July 1960. He left California in August 1961 in order to attend Army War College at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. He graduated in June 1962 and also attended off-duty educational courses at George Washington University in order to complete a Master of Arts degree in International Affairs. He was then ordered to Panama and spent the next three years as head of the military assistance, plans and policy, Joint Staff of United States Southern Command under General Andrew P. O'Meara. During his time there, <mask> was engaged in the

masks: Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke Widdecke


texts:
 administration of military and economic aid to South American countries and received the Joint Service Commendation Medal for this service.Vietnam War

In August 1965, <mask> assumed command of the 5th Marine Regiment at Camp Pendleton and supervised its deployment to Okinawa, Japan in early 1966. The 5th Marines were stationed in Japan until the end of May of that year, when <mask> led them to Da Nang in South Vietnam. During July 1966, the commanding general of 1st Marine Division, Lewis J<mask>, planned and ordered Operation Colorado. The main objective of this search and destroy operation was to locate and destroy units of the 2nd North Vietnamese Division in the Quảng Nam Province. He later acted as chief of staff, Task Force X-Ray under Brigadier General William A. Stiles in the Chu Lai area and took part in combat with Vietcong and North Vietnamese troops. <mask> served in Vietnam until the end of December 1966 and received the Legion of Merit with "V" Device and the Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Bronze Star for his service in Vietnam.<mask> was posted to Honolulu, Hawaii, and appointed chief of staff, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific under Lieutenant General Victor H. Krulak. While in this capacity, <mask> was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. In September 1968, <mask> was transferred to the Headquarters Marine Corps in Washington, D.C. and relieved Major General Clifford B. Drake as director of Marine Corps Reserve. During his tenure, he was responsible for the administration of all reserve marine troops, which were used as reinforcements for combat units in Vietnam. He was also promoted to the rank of major general on August 7, 1969, and received his second Legion of Merit for his service in this capacity. However <mask> was ordered back to Vietnam in April 1970, when the commander of 1st Marine Division, Edwin B. Wheeler, suffered serious injuries in a helicopter crash. <mask> was appointed his substitute.<mask> oversaw Operation Imperial Lake during September of that year with the task of destroying North Vietnamese troops in Que Son. During that operation the Son

masks:
Widdecke
Widdecke
. Fields
Widdecke
Widdecke
Widdecke
Widdecke
Widdecke
Widdecke
Widdecke


texts:
 Thang massacre occurred. Controversy arose when <mask> reduced the sentences of the two convicted Marines from five years and life imprisonment respectively to one year of prison. He later led Operation Catawba Falls against communist forces in the same region. Following the operations in Quảng Nam Province in the fall-winter period of 1970, <mask> began preparing 1st Marine Division for redeployment to the United States. The 1st Marine Division arrived at Camp Pendleton on April 30, 1971, where it was welcomed by President Richard Nixon and a crowd of 15,000 spectators. Following the President's speech, <mask> turned over the command to Brigadier General Ross T. Dwyer and personally assumed command of I Marine Amphibious Force, which controlled Marine air and ground units on the West Coast.For his second tour of duty in Vietnam, <mask> was decorated with Navy Distinguished Service Medal and several decorations from the Government of South Vietnam. <mask> retired from the Marine Corps on July 1, 1971, after 30 years of military service. He died on May 13, 1973, while on a trip to La Paz, Mexico, two days after his 54th birthday. He was survived by his wife and a brother, Henry August <mask> Jr. who served in the United States Navy. Decorations

Here is the ribbon of General Widdecke:

See also

Recapture of Guam
1st Marine Division
List of 1st Marine Division Commanders

References

1919 births
1973 deaths
People from Bryan, Texas
University of Texas at Austin alumni
Elliott School of International Affairs alumni
United States Army Command and General Staff College alumni
United States Army War College alumni
United States Marine Corps generals
United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Navy Distinguished Service Medal
Recipients of the Silver Star
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the National Order of Vietnam
Recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)
Recipients of the Distinguished


texts:
<mask> (March 13, 1881 – October 31, 1968) was an American sportsman and coach who played as a right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball, and later became a football and baseball coach and administrator at several colleges. Early life and playing career
<mask> was born in Denver, Colorado, and was recruited by Dartmouth College after displaying his skill in two sports. He played football at the University of Colorado in the 1901 season under coach Fred Folsom, a Dartmouth alumnus who became that school's coach in 1903. Glaze enrolled at Dartmouth in 1902, being followed there by his younger brother, John. Under Folsom, he played a notable role in the school's first-ever football victory over Harvard in 1903, a game in which Harvard dedicated its new stadium. In 1905, Glaze was named an All-American as an end by Walter Camp, even though at 5'8" and 153 pounds he was the smallest player on Dartmouth's team that year. Glaze also played baseball at Dartmouth, and pitched a no-hitter against Columbia.During summers, Glaze played semi-pro ball in Colorado, using the assumed name "<mask>" to protect his college eligibility. Among the Colorado teams Glaze played for was the "Big Six" team in Trinidad, where he pitched in 1905. In 1905 he met an opposing catcher named John Tortes, a Native American, and encouraged him to apply to Dartmouth due to the school's charter making specific provisions for the education of Native Americans. As Tortes had dropped out of school, several Dartmouth alumni conspired to create a false background for him, and he enrolled until the ruse was discovered some time after his first semester. Nonetheless, the catcher attracted notice from various baseball figures, and he went on to a 9-year major league career from 1909 to 1917 under the name Chief Meyers;

masks:
Daniel Ralph Glaze
Glaze
Ralph Pearce


texts:
 he maintained a strong affinity to Dartmouth, and credited Glaze with his start in the sport. After graduating in 1906, Glaze signed with the Boston Americans, as the press referred to them in 1906. The team would later be known as the Boston Red Sox.Over three years, Glaze posted a record of 15 wins against 21 losses, with 137 strikeouts and a 2.89 earned run average in 61 games and 340 innings pitched. A career highlight took place on August 31 of his rookie year, when he outdueled Philadelphia Athletics star pitcher Rube Waddell. Glaze began coaching in the offseasons, starting as a 1906 football assistant at Dartmouth; he also helped coach their baseball team in 1908. He left the Red Sox following the 1908 season, and spent the next several years with a number of minor league teams. Coaching career
In 1910, Glaze became the football coach at Baylor University. His teams had a record of 12–10–3 from 1910 through 1912, including a 6–1-1 mark in his first year. Glaze became the head coach of the University of Southern California's football team for the 1914 and 1915 seasons, compiling a 7–7 record.He was the first coach after USC's teams began to be known as the Trojans. Before his arrival, USC had not played football for the previous three seasons; like many universities at the time, the school had switched to rugby and did not field football teams during the 1911 through 1913 seasons. After competing primarily against southern California teams throughout its history, USC was now beginning to include major colleges from other areas on its schedule. The 1914 season finale at Oregon State was the first against a major college opponent since a 1905 loss at Stanford, and was also USC's first game ever outside of California. The highlight of Glaze's brief tenure occurred the


texts:
 following year with the inauguration of the long-standing series with California. At the time, Cal was considered the traditionally dominant team of West Coast football, and Glaze managed to lead USC to a 28–10 road victory before falling to Cal, 23–21, at home later the same season; however, it was Cal's first year resuming football after having switched to rugby for the previous nine seasons. Glaze was succeeded in 1916 by Dean Cromwell, who was USC's football coach before the switch to rugby.Glaze also coached the Trojans baseball team, represented by the university's law school, in the 1915 season to a 5–10 record, and guided the USC track team the same spring. He also coached the USC basketball team in 1915–16, with a record of 8–21 against exclusively southern California competition. Glaze became football coach at Drake University in 1916, with a record of 3–10–2, and then became football coach at Colorado State Teachers College (now the University of Northern Colorado) in 1917–18 as the school resumed football after 11 years, with a record of 2–6. He coached football at the Colorado School of Mines in 1919–20, with a record of 0–10–2. From 1921 to 1924 he coached at Lake Forest College, leading the football team to a 10–12–3 record from 1921 to 1923, and the basketball team to an 11–32 mark from 1921 to 1924. During his career, Glaze also coached at the University of Rochester, Texas Christian University and St. Viator College. Marriage, later life, and death
Glaze married Evaline Leavitt in 1907; she died in 1927, the year he retired from coaching to go into business in Denver.In 1930, he became superintendent of the Boston and Maine Railroad's terminal in Charlestown, Massachusetts, and he married Winifred Bonar Demuth the same year. In 1946 the couple retired to


texts:
 California, moving to Cambria, California in 1951. In his later years, Glaze struck up a friendship with former American League outfielder Sam Crawford, who had a cottage several miles away; coincidentally, Crawford had been one of Glaze's successors as USC's baseball coach. Glaze stayed fit, walking three to five miles daily with his dogs when he was in his 80s. He died at age 86 in Atascadero, California. Head coaching record

College football

References

External links

1881 births
1968 deaths
Baylor Bears football coaches
Colorado Mines Orediggers football coaches
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Sportspeople from Denver
Louisville Coal


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<mask> (1485 - 15 November 1547), also known as <mask> of Portugal,  was a Portuguese archbishop, the only Archbishop of Funchal, holder of the largest Catholic jurisdiction in the world, ever created, which had as suffragans the dioceses like Angra do Heroísmo, São Tomé, Santiago and Goa. From its area, the future Diocese (today Archdiocese) of São Salvador da Bahia, would be dismembered and created in 1551. Biography
He was the son of <mask>, ecclesiastical bishop of Évora, and <mask>. Due to his paternal line, he was a descendant of João I of Portugal. Thus, he was brother of the 1st Count of Vimioso, Francis of Portugal. Ecclesiastic career

Portugal
His aristocratic background, despite being marked by illegitimacy, would be decisive for his career, which began with the completion of a solid program of theological studies, which started in Lisbon and continued in Valladolid and Paris, following the which he related to important figures of European humanism, with emphasis on Erasmus, to whom he was introduced in 1520. In 1522 <mask> returns to Portugal, and through his family links is given an canonical stipend the chancellorship of the Cathedral of Évora, which was at the time led by his father.He cumulated these benefits with the priory of the church of Barcelos and the commendation of the Monastery of Saint George, in Coimbra

In 1523, he governed the diocese of Viseu in the name of Afonso de Portugal, until the arrival of its Bishop <mask> Chaves. Rome
In 1525 he was sent to Rome as a Portuguese ambassador. He would later be appointed apostolic nuncio by Pope Clement VII to King João III with powers of legacy a latere in the kingdoms and domains of the Portuguese crown. In <mask> was sent back to the pontifical court in

masks:
Dom Martinho de Portugal
Martinho
Afonso de Portugal
Filipa de Macedo
Martinho
João de
Martinho


texts:
 1532, this time in charge of opening negotiations with the aim of achieving the establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. Appointment as Archbishop of Funchal
On February 10, 1533, while in Rome, <mask> is appointed as archbishop of Funchal, following the concession of the category of metropolitan to the ecclesiastical province of Funchal, obtained from Clement VII on January 31 of the same year. Nevertheless, the bulls that would make the elevation of <mask> were not issued, which may have been due, on one hand, to his condition as an illegitimate son and, on the other, to some unavailability of King João III in honouring the financial charges that he was obliged to when nominating <mask> for the position. At that time, in order to elevate the ecclesiastical circumscription of Funchal to a metropolis, the king had committed himself to increase the archbishop's income by 200,000 réis, that is, to double the remuneration previously attributed to the Bishop of Funchal, therefore, generating new expenses for the Crown.<mask> would later complain about the omission of such bulls in 1535, and because of it, the actual existence of the archdiocese of Funchal was questioned. Despite such bureaucratic constraints, <mask> assumed the title of Archbishop of Funchal, Primate of the Indies and all new lands discovered and to be discovered. Reasons for the appointment
The circumstances underlying the monarch's will to allow the appointment as Archbishop would be linked to the desire to reward services previously provided by <mask>, and to favour his predisposition to act in the strict defence of the royal interests regarding the establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. Nevertheless, <mask>'s action in Rome was apparently more

masks: Martinho Martinho Martinho Martinho Martinho Martinho Martinho


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 oriented towards the search for a legitimation of his birth that in turn would allow his promotion to Cardinal, than centred on the mission that the monarch had entrusted to him. The creation of <mask> as Archbishop of Funchal was also rooted on the need to find a structure that, without disturbing the position of any of the other two national metropolitans, that of Braga and the Lisbon, would authorize the establishment of several overseas dioceses and promote ecclesiastical decentralization in the new territories of the empire. Such was immediately accomplished between 1533 and 1534 the dioceses of Cape Verde, S. Tomé, Goa and Angra were created. Later, in 1547, he was elected bishop of the Algarve, but he was not confirmed, because he died before taking office.Funchal
Despite never having personally visited Madeira, the seat of his archdiocese, <mask> <mask> did not neglect the responsibilities that his position entailed. Human Resources
As archbishop he ordered the creation of two new canonries, four new chaplaincies and one sacristan, with the aiming of improving the living conditions of the islanders and local clergy. Representatives in the Archdiocese
Recognizing that his absence could jeopardize the normal function of the archdiocese, <mask> sent the Bishop of Rociona, D. Ambrósio Brandão, to Madeira, in 1538, accompanied by two visitors, Jordão Jorge and Álvaro Dias, “chaplain, familiar and continuous dinner of the Most Illustrious and Reverend Lord D<mask> <mask>”. Shortly after arriving to Madeira, D. Ambrósio neglected the tasks that were assigned to him, performing ordinations all over the Island in the second half of the year and, having finished his duties, he returned to mainland Portugal. The same did not happen

masks:
Martinho
Martinho
de Portugal
Martinho
. Martinho
de Portugal


texts:
 with the visitors, who remained until the following year, also visiting the parishes and taking steps to correct the non-conformities they encountered. The performance of the visitors was not well received by the Madeiran faithful, historical sources affirm that they “carried out their office throughout the island, not with that kindness in which the Bishopric was created, but rather with much rigour and harshness”, reason why they were “disliked” by the population. Ecclesiastical Inspections
During the time of their stay, the visitors appointed by <mask> <mask> reported the following non-conformities and threatened those who practised them with excomunication: speaking during masses, singing, dancing and sleeping in church.As for the Madeiran clergy the visitors appointed by <mask> were expected to persevere in teaching doctrine to the faithful, to be vigilant in relation to unmarried couples and to those who married illegally, to ring the bell three times a day, to be concerned with cleaning the altars and vestments. Relics
In an effort to promote the status of his archdiocese, <mask> <mask> sent to Funchal religious relics to be stored in the cathedral's altar. Family life
He fathered two children, with Catarina <mask>:

 Eliseu <mask>
 Cecília <mask>

Death
<mask> died in November 15, 1547, he died, before being able to take office as Bishop of Silves. With him the Archdiocese of Funchal disappeared, which, as early as 1539, had been amputated from its jurisdiction over the East, whose lands, from the Cape of Good Hope, came to be under the direct control of the Diocese of Goa. The Archdiocese of Funchal would be formally extinct in 1551. References

Portuguese Roman Catholic bishops
Funchal
House of Braganza
1485

masks:
Martinho
de Portugal
Martinho
Martinho
de Portugal
de Sousa
de Portugal
de Portugal
Martinho


texts:
<mask> (born 1954) is an American religious and workers' rights activist, and current executive director of the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy (VICPP), a non-partisan advocacy coalition based in Richmond, Virginia. <mask> is a nationally known promoter of social justice who leads VICPP's advocacy, outreach, and development work. She wrote a book on faith-based organizing entitled Lives Matter: A Handbook for Christian Organizing. <mask> moved to Virginia from Chicago, where she founded and served as executive director of Interfaith Worker Justice, the nation's largest network of people of faith engaging in local and national actions to improve wages, benefits, and conditions for workers. Prior to that, <mask> was national organizing director for Bread for the World and an instructor at the Midwest Academy. In 1991, she founded the Chicago Interfaith Committee on Worker Issues. Leading efforts for a living wage, she is widely quoted in national newspapers and broadcast media as an expert on worker justice issues.She has also written books and articles on wage issues and community organizing. Personal life
Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, and raised a conservative evangelical, <mask> graduated from Barnard College in New York City with a bachelor's degree in religion. She later received a master's degree in economics from the New School for Social Research in New York. <mask> is married to David Orr, a long-time Chicago reform politician. She has twin sons from her previous marriage to Stephen Coats, who died in 2013. <mask> is a member of Wesley United Methodist Church in Richmond, where she sings in the choir. She served as the choir director at Good News Community Church (UCC) for 27 years.Career
In 1976, <mask> became director of organizing for Bread for the World, a Christian organization that works to relieve and combat hunger. During this time, she wrote her first book, Lives Matter: A Handbook for Christian Organizing. <mask> left Bread for the World in 1986 and became an instructor at the Midwest Academy, a community organizing training institute in Chicago,

masks:
Kimberly Ann Bobo
Bobo
Bobo
Bobo
Bobo
Bobo
Bobo
Bobo
Bobo


texts: Illinois. She focused on low-income housing organizations and other social change organizations. While at the Midwest Academy, <mask> and her colleagues co-authored Organizing for Social Change, a fundamental text in community-based organizing. In 1989, <mask> became involved with the Pittston Coal strike by coal miners at Pittston Coal. Attempting to organize religious leaders to support the workers, she was startled to find that almost no religious organizations had labor liaisons.She started an informal network of religious leaders to share information about campaigns for worker justice that year. In 1991, <mask> founded the Chicago Interfaith Committee on Worker Issues. It was an all-volunteer group led by <mask> and four influential Chicago religious leaders. In 1996, using a $5,000 inheritance from her grandmother, <mask> launched the National Interfaith Committee for Worker Justice. The organization initially was run out of her home. By 1998, the organization had 29 affiliates throughout the country. The group changed its name to Interfaith Worker Justice in 2005, by which time it had grown to 59 local affiliates and a full-time staff of 10.IWJ has been active on a number of workers' rights and worker justice issues. It has developed 20 workers centers around the country, and programs such as “Labor in the Pulpits” and “Seminary Summer,” which "places seminary and rabbinical students with unions for summer internships." In 2012, when Walmart was celebrating its 50th anniversary, she called on the corporation to ensure a living wage for its employees. In 2017, <mask> became Executive Director for the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy (VICPP), in Richmond, Virginia where she has led many economic, racial, social, and environmental justice legislative victories. She mobilized a historic faith advocacy campaign and played a leadership role in the statewide Healthcare for All Virginians coalition advocating Medicaid expansion, which passed in 2018. During the 2019 Virginia General Assembly, <mask> led VICPP's efforts to win two wage theft reform bills: one to remove

masks: Bobo Bobo Bobo Bobo Bobo Bobo Bobo


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 the Jim Crow exemptions from the Virginia Minimum Wage, and the other to require employers to provide a paystub to workers explaining how they are paid. VICPP was also involved in numerous other legislation, including tuition equity, environmental justice, tenants' rights, and criminal justice reform.<mask> publicized the findings of "The High Cost of Being Poor in Virginia," a report released in October 2016 by the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy and the Coalition on Human Needs. With the help of Rev. David Gortner, of the Virginia Theological Seminary she co-founded a private living wage program in Alexandria, Virginia. The program offers certification and recognition to businesses that pay their workers a wage in line with living costs of the city. Awards and honors
<mask> was named one of 14 “Faith Leaders to Watch” in 2014 by the Center for American Progress, and one of Utne Reader’s “50 Visionaries Who Are Changing Your World” in 2009. <mask> was selected for the 2012 Pacem in Terris Peace and Freedom Award. The award commemorates Pope John XXIII's 1963 encyclical letter, Pacem in terris, which means "Peace on Earth".<mask> joins previous award recipients including Dorothy Day, Martin Luther King Jr., Mother Teresa, and Archbishop Desmond Tutu. Selected publications

Books
 Wage Theft in America: Why Millions of Working Americans Are Not Getting Paid – And What We Can Do About It. The New Press. 2008. Available at www.iwj.org or www.wagetheft.org
Lives Matter: A Handbook for Christian Organizing. Lanham, Md. : Sheed and Ward, 1986.Co-authored books
<mask>, <mask>, et al. Organizing for Social Change. 2d ed. Washington: Seven Locks Press, 2001. References

External links
Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy website

1954 births
20th-century Methodists
21st-century Methodists
Activists from Chicago
Activists from Ohio
Activists from Virginia
American activists
American United Methodists
Barnard College alumni
Christians from Illinois
Christians from Ohio
Christians from Virginia
People from Cincinnati
Living people
The New School alumni
Workers' rights

masks: Bobo Bobo Bobo Bobo Bobo Kim


texts: <mask> (December 21, 1940 – December 4, 1993) was an American musician, singer, composer, songwriter and bandleader. His work is characterized by nonconformity, free-form improvisation, sound experiments, musical virtuosity and satire of American culture. In a career spanning more than 30 years, <mask> composed rock, pop, jazz, jazz fusion, orchestral  and musique concrète works, and produced almost all of the 60-plus albums that he released with his band the Mothers of Invention and as a solo artist. <mask> also directed feature-length films and music videos, and designed album covers. He is considered one of the most innovative and stylistically diverse musicians of his generation. As a self-taught composer and performer, <mask> had diverse musical influences that led him to create music that was sometimes difficult to categorize. While in his teens, he acquired a taste for 20th-century classical modernism, African-American rhythm and blues, and doo-wop music.He began writing classical music in high school, while at the same time playing drums in rhythm-and-blues bands, later switching to electric guitar. His 1966 debut album with the Mothers of Invention, Freak Out!, combined songs in conventional rock and roll format with collective improvisations and studio-generated sound collages. He continued this eclectic and experimental approach whether the fundamental format was rock, jazz, or classical. <mask>'s output is unified by a conceptual continuity he termed "Project/Object", with numerous musical phrases, ideas, and characters reappearing across his albums. His lyrics reflected his iconoclastic views of established social and political

masks:
Frank Vincent Zappa
Zappa
Zappa
Zappa
Zappa


texts:
 processes, structures and movements, often humorously so, and he has been described as the "godfather" of comedy rock. He was a strident critic of mainstream education and organized religion, and a forthright and passionate advocate for freedom of speech, self-education, political participation and the abolition of censorship. Unlike many other rock musicians of his generation, he disapproved of recreational drug use, but supported decriminalization and regulation.<mask> was a highly productive and prolific artist with a controversial critical standing; supporters of his music admired its compositional complexity, while critics found it lacking emotional depth. He had greater commercial success outside the US, particularly in Europe. Though he worked as an independent artist, <mask> mostly relied on distribution agreements he had negotiated with the major record labels. He remains a major influence on musicians and composers. His honors include his 1995 induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the 1997 Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. 1940s–1960s: early life and career

Childhood
<mask> was born on December 21, 1940, in Baltimore, Maryland. His mother, Rose Marie ( Colimore), was of Italian (Neapolitan and Sicilian) and French ancestry; his father, whose name was anglicized to Francis Vincent <mask>, was an immigrant from Partinico, Sicily, with Greek and Arab ancestry.<mask>, the eldest of four children, was raised in an Italian-American household where Italian was often spoken by his grandparents. The family moved often because his father, a chemist and mathematician, worked in the defense industry. After a time in Florida in

masks: Zappa Zappa Zappa Zappa Frank