texts:
<mask> (1921 in Pescara  - May 12, 2013) was an Italian resistant, journalist, photographer, writer and inventor. Early resistance and the war years
<mask> grew up in a working class district of Turin. His father, <mask>, was a sculptor, and his mother a homemaker. From his father and his teacher of Humanities, Gaudenzio Manfredi, he learned to question authority under Fascism. This landed him briefly in jail at age thirteen, his first political imprisonment. Growing up, he became attracted to the English language, Anglo American culture, and the international and liberal democratic vision they provided. A brief attendance at the University of Turin in the Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures was interrupted in 1940 by military draft into the cadet officers' course of the Alpini troops.There he was arrested on suspicion of having conspired against Fascism with some other students arrested in Turin<ref name=. <mask> was tried in the Tribunale Speciale per la Difesa dello Stato in Rome, and sentenced to two and a half years in the penitentiary of Forte Urbano, in the Emilia region. He was liberated after the fall of the Mussolini government, in the brief interregnum and political amnesty under General Badoglio. On September 8, 1943, the Italian army collapsed and Nazi forces occupied Italy. <mask> first joined a monarchist partisan formation in the Lanzo valley, west of Turin. Later, he worked with the Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale, guiding escaped Allied prisoners to neutral Switzerland. Caught with group of them at the railway station of Novara, he managed to escape, and eventually made his way to Switzerland and the refugee camp of Tramelan.Among his encounters there was Piero Chiara, later renowned as a writer, who was recruiting students for the

masks:
Auro Roselli
Roselli
Gherardo Roselli
Roselli
Roselli


type: original

texts:
 Office of Strategic Services (OSS), precursor of the CIA. Escaping from the work camp, he returned to Italy. The first village he came to was in the mountains of Lake Como. There, under the nom de guerre  of Gigi, he founded a partisan formation with some local young men and Lombard students who refused to collaborate with the Nazi Occupation. Their activities consisted of raiding Fascist controlled barracks and warehouses, gathering and distributing information, and guiding fugitives from the Nazis to Switzerland. His new formation was part of the Garibaldi Brigades, under Communist control. In disagreement with his command on both political ideology and military strategy, <mask> resigned his command and returned to Switzerland.There he joined Giustizia e Libertà, a formation supported and armed by the OSS. Upon hearing the news that the Resistance had gained control of Milan, <mask> and his new partisan comrades immediately returned to Italy. Journalism
During his partisan activity on Lake Como, <mask> had befriended some Milanese refugees, who after the war introduced him to the writer Elio Vittorini. Under Vittorini's sponsorship, <mask> entered journalism. In 1949 he was given his dream job: correspondent from New York for the leading weekly journal l'Europeo, under the direction of Arrigo Benedetti. He remained in New York until his visa expired in 1951. <mask> then transferred to Montreal, working as a political commentator for the International Service of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.<mask> finally returned to New York when his wife, illustrator and designer Luciana Amelotti <mask>, secured a residents' visa for the couple. After a period of free-lancing for a range of leading Italian journals including Il Mondo, a Rome-based political and

masks: Roselli Roselli Roselli Roselli Roselli Roselli Roselli


texts:
 cultural weekly, L'Espresso, a Milanese weekly, and as a photographer for Epoca, an Italian version of Life magazine, <mask> was recommended by his erstwhile employer Benedetti to Gaetano Baldacci, director of the newly founded Milanese daily, Il Giorno. Il Giorno
Roselli's career as a correspondent, photographer and editorialist at Il Giorno spanned over three decades from 1956 to 1989. Responsible for the coverage of every aspect of the United States, from politics to culture, science, technology and life-style, he was a defining voice in Italy for such major events as the Cape Canaveral launchings, the Kennedy and King assassinations, Watergate, the Iranian hostage crisis, and the Reagan and Clinton years. His role models in journalism were the television newscaster David Brinkley, and  the columnist Walter Lippmann. When <mask> met the latter at a party in the 1970s,  they discussed the difficulty of giving truly novel news, as opposed to simply expected information. From the master, he learned the maxim: "You can only tell people real news if your readers know half of it already".Retirement and other activities
On his retirement from Il Giorno, <mask> moved to Southern California with his second wife, actress Elise Hunt, and became a US citizen in 1994. He continues to write fiction and non-fiction books, plays and stories, but his main interest has shifted to inventions in ecology and aviation. He earned a solo piloting license in 1970. He holds two patents on concepts in solar-powered flight and a design for a paraflier. Family life
<mask> was married to Luciana Amelotti <mask>, from Alessandria, Italy, from 1950 to their divorce in 1964. He has one daughter, Elisa, born in New York City in 1956. He married his second and current wife, Elise Hunt from

masks: Roselli Roselli Roselli Roselli Roselli


texts:
 Milton, Massachusetts, in 1969.His sister, <mask> (b. 1930) is also a writer

Controversies and ideological positioning
Throughout his career, <mask> has been an advocate of Anglo-American style liberal democracy, although always aware of its defects and limitations. His war years left him with experience of authoritarian regimes of several political colors, and their methods and jargons. He kept aloof from the strongly left-wing doctrines of the Italian intelligentsia of the post-war period, identifying more with the youth, liberation and peace movements in the USA of the 60s and 70s. In the critical Presidential election of 1968, for example, he strongly supported the dovish Democratic candidate, Eugene McCarthy, who was the first politician to promote an end to US involvement in Viet Nam. Publications
In addition to his daily articles for Il Giorno, <mask> has published a children's book, The Cats of the Eiffel Tower, with illustrations by Laurent de Brunhoff (NY: Delacorte, 1967). It was a story he made up for his little daughter Elisa on their long drives while holidaying in France.His letters from prison during the war years form the core of a biographical work by his sister, <mask>: Mio Fratello Ando' in Galera (Edizioni L'Arciere Cuneo, 1990). <mask> filmed a documentary about Italian Americans that was aired on RAI TV in 1961, and was the  cinematographer for another documentary, Paese d'America (1959), on the same theme, made with film director Gian Luigi Polidoro, and shown at the Cannes festival. Notes

Italian journalists
Italian male journalists
Italian columnists
Italian male writers
Italian photojournalists
Italian resistance movement members
Members of Giustizia e Libertà
Italian anti-fascists
1921 births
2013 deaths
Italian emigrants to the

masks:
Lucia Roselli
Roselli
Roselli
Lucia Roselli
Roselli


texts:
<mask> ( born 7 June 1962) is a Lebanese singer, dancer, composer, television personality, and philanthropist. <mask> began his career in the 1980s when he appeared as a contestant on the talent show broadcast Studio El Fan, on which he received the Platinum Award. <mask>'s fame came after Studio El Fan followed by yearly albums and number-one hit singles such as "Ya rait", "'Aan Jad" (Seriously) and "Alby Asheq'ha" (My Heart Adores Her) which was the first Arabic song in history to be made into a music video. <mask> continued his success into the 2000s with the release of his chart-topping albums Saharony El Leil (2001), Tab Leh (2002), El Hob El Kebeer (2004) and Ba'asha'ak (2008), the latter which earned the artist the Platinum certification from Virgin Megastores for its record sales. One of his recent albums Seneen Rayha (2010) saw the artist team with Starbucks for its release and sale, making him the first Arab artist to have his album sold at Starbucks. The Starbucks album Starz Vol. 1 also included a song featuring international pop artist Shakira.He adopted an environmental cause with the album after being named the United Nations Ambassador of Climate Change. <mask> has won two Murex d'Or Awards and several other awards during his career. His albums have made him one of the most commercially successful singers in the Arab world. In mid-2011, it was announced that <mask> would head the judging panel for the pan-Arab version of the American Idol series. Early life
<mask> was born in Ghoubeiry in Beirut, Lebanon. He was

masks:
Ragheb Alama
Alama
Alama
Alama
Alama
Alama
Alama


texts:
 born into a Shia family, the son of Sobhi <mask> and Wafiqa <mask>. He has four brothers (Mohammad, Ahmad, Khoder and Hassan)  and three sisters (Sabiha, Rima, and Lina) - of which he is the middle child.His father named him after the first Lebanese judge, "<mask> Beik <mask>". At eight years old, <mask> took up playing the Oud and participated in a live radio program to showcase his talent. In 1996 <mask> married Jihan al-Ali, who gave birth to his two sons, Khaled (born 1998) and Louai (born 2001). <mask> also has a second cousin named Rola <mask>. Entertainment career

1982–1999

2000–2006: Tab Leh and Hob El Kebeer
In 2000, <mask> recorded "Betgheeb Betrouh" with then-rising singer Elissa. In 2003, he released "Tab Leh" (Oh Why?) under the recording label Alam El Phan and the title track entered the number one spot for several weeks.He also featured famous Iranian-Armenian singer-songwriter Andy Madadian on a track titled "Yalla Ya Chabab" (Let's Go Guys). At the end of 2004, he released "El Hob el Kebeer" (The Great Love) which included the hit single "Naseeni el Dunya" (Make Me Forget the World) and the title track which was released in July 2005 and directed by Wissam Smayra in a huge production shot in Malaysia. In 2006, <mask> participated in the pro-celebrity Formula One race, held in Bahrain, as an introductory show to the competition. He placed third and signed an agreement with Formula One Management to participate in the next race that will be held in Shanghai, China. 2008–present: Backstage Production

In May

masks: Alama Alama Ragheb Alama Ragheb Alama Alama Alama Alama Alama


texts:
 2008, <mask> <mask> released Baa'sha'ak, which was certified Platinum by Virgin Megastores Dubai by April 2009 for its record sales. The album was produced by his own company Backstage Production and included the hits "Yighib" and "Ser Hobbi"

In 2010, and again under his own production company Backstage Production, <mask> released the environment-themed album Seneen Rayha which included the number one singles "Seneen Rayha" and "Betfell". The album solidified <mask>'s position as the number one artist in the Arab world and was sold in all branches of Starbucks Coffee along with a B-side compilation album titled "Starz Vol.1" that included the hit collaboration with Shakira "Good Stuff (Remix)". Other work
Near the end of 2011, <mask> was announced as the head of jury for the new MBC show Arab Idol, which is a remake of the number one show of all time, American Idol. Joining <mask> on the panel were the Gulf singer Ahlam and the music producer Hassan Shaf'ee. The Arab Idol team began its auditioning tour around the Middle East and the UK in September 2011. In 2013, he was appointed by the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) as the Goodwill Ambassador in West Asia. Saint George Schools
At the beginning of his musical career in the 1980s, <mask> <mask> opened the Saint George Schools. His goal was to provide education to as many students as possible.His goal was achieved with the help of his brother, Ahmad Subhi <mask>, who has been the General Manager of Saint George Schools since the beginning. Ahmad built the

masks: Ragheb Alama Ragheb Alama Alama Ragheb Ragheb Alama Alama


texts:
 organization from the ground up, starting with the first Block in Haret Hreik which had nearly 200 students but has now grown to almost 2000 students spread into 4 Blocks total (1 in Haret Hreik, 2 in Hadath, and 1 in Hay el Amerkan.) Endorsements
Throughout his career, <mask> has been endorsed by several international companies and has been the face of their many marketing campaigns. Of the companies that endorsed <mask> and featured him as part of their promotions including Hublot, United Nations, Starbucks, Mercedes-Benz, Samsung, Malaysian Ministry of Tourism, Malaysia Airlines, Middle East Airlines, Persol, The Pearl-Qatar. Jury of talents programs
They Had chosen <mask> to be a jury of talents programs like:
In 2011-2013 he was a jury of Arab Idol s1 and s2 beside Ahlam and Nancy Ajram and Hassan El Shafei. In 2015, he was a jury of The X Factor beside Elissa and Donia Samir Ghanem. In 2019, he was on the fifth season of the Arabic version of The Voice, leading his act Mahdi to victory.Studio albums
 1986: Ya Rayt
 1987: Al Hadiya
 1988: Dawa el Leil
 1989: Ma Y'gooz
 1991: Alby Ashe'ha
 1993: Ya Hayati
 1995: Taw'am Ruhy
 1996: Sayedati el Gameela
 1997: Bravo 'Alaiky
 1999: Habeeby Ya Nasy
 2001: Saharooni el Leil
 2002: Tab Leih
 2004: El Hob el Kebeer
 2008: Baa'sha'ak
 2010: Seneen Rayha
 2010: Starz V.1
 2014: Habeeb Dehkati

References

External links

1962 births
Living people
21st-century Lebanese male singers
Lebanese Shia Muslims
Musicians from Beirut
Singers who perform in Egyptian Arabic
20th-century

masks: Ragheb Ragheb Ragheb


texts:
<mask> (born 1970) is an American journalist, author, filmmaker, television host, and podcast host. He is currently the national arts reporter for The Washington Post and was previously a staff arts reporter for The Boston Globe. <mask> currently hosts the Edge of Fame podcast, a collaboration between The Washington Post and WBUR-FM, Boston's NPR National. In addition, <mask> produced and starred in the 2010 music documentary Do It Again. His articles have appeared in magazines such as GQ and Wired, and he has worked as a reporter for several newspapers, including the Boston Phoenix, Raleigh News and Observer, The Boston Globe, and The Washington Post. <mask> has also published  children's books on Elvis, The Beatles, and Stan Lee, and co-wrote a book on Julia Child with his wife, Carlene Hempel. In 2013, he hosted a Travel Channel reality TV series called Edge of America, and in June 2013 he was awarded a New England Emmy for work on a video for The Boston Globe.He also hosted the military history series Secrets of the Arsenal on the American Heroes Channel. <mask> joined The Washington Post in September 2014 as the paper's national arts reporter. Career
Edgers attended Brookline High School in Brookline, Massachusetts and graduated from Tufts University in 1992 with a degree in English. Following his graduation he was employed as a reporter by several newspapers, including the Sudbury Town Crier, Waltham News-Tribune, Middlesex News, Boston Phoenix, and Raleigh News and Observer. He worked as an arts reporter from 2002 to August 2014 for The Boston Globe. His work involved covering the Museum of Fine Arts, Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston Symphony Orchestra, and other arts-related organizations in the Boston area. <mask> has also freelanced for several magazines including GQ, Spin, Wired, and Salon.Examples of this work include an article on Monkee Michael Nesmith's New Mexico symposiums (for Wired) and a series of pieces for Salon, including one on Brian Wilson's 2000 Pet Sounds tour. <mask> has written three children's books: The Midnight Hour: Bright Ideas for After Dark (Penguin, 1997) and four

masks:
Geoff Edgers
Edgers
Edgers
Edgers
Edgers
Edgers
Edgers


texts: installments in the Grosset and Dunlap "Who Was...?" series, Who Were The Beatles? (2006), Who Was Elvis Presley? (2007), Who Is Stan Lee? (2014), and Who Was Julia Child? (2015), the last installment collaborating with his wife, Carlene Hempel.<mask> teamed up with director Robert Patton-Spruill in early 2008 to begin work on a film about his love of British Invasion band The Kinks, headed by the two feuding brothers Ray and Dave Davies. The documentary, entitled Do It Again follows Edgers throughout America and Britain on a quest to reunite the original members. Edgers meets with various personalities and Kinks fans to discuss the band, such as Sting, Paul Weller, Peter Buck, Zooey Deschanel, Clive Davis, Warren Zanes, Robyn Hitchcock, and Dave Davies himself. Do It Again premiered at the Rotterdam International Film Festival in January 2010, and was met with positive reviews. It traveled the film festival circuit throughout the rest of 2010 (making stops at locations such as the Independent Film Festival of Boston and London International Documentary Festival) and was broadcast on multiple PBS stations throughout late 2011 and early 2012. In 2013 the Travel Channel aired Edge of America, a TV series starring Edgers. The program, produced by Magilla Productions, involved Edgers on a search for quintessentially American forms of entertainment and fun ("strange American things in scenic American places" according to The Boston Globe), as well as "a quest to see what constitutes entertainment."The Travel Channel showed strong initial confidence in the series. But it failed to attract desirable demographics, and was not renewed. <mask> was awarded a New England Emmy in June 2013 for work on a video for The Boston Globe. He shared the award with producer Darren Durlach. The short, entitled  "Behind the Curtain: Act One of Barbara Quintiliani's Story", is a ten-minute documentary about the success and struggles of acclaimed Massachusetts-based opera singer Barbara Quintiliani. In April 2014, he released another documentary, entitled 5 Runners. The 30 minute film, based on <mask>' April 2013 Boston Globe article "Chance

masks:
Geoff Edgers
Edgers
Edgers


texts: Leaves Five Runners Forever Linked", documents the lives of five runners leading up to, during, and directly after the Boston Marathon bombing.The five competitors, at the time all in the close vicinity of the explosion and directly affected by the trauma, share an ambition to run the race once more in order to achieve closure. Edgers wrote and narrated the film and shared directing duties with Darren Durlach. 5 Runners premiered at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library on April 10, followed by a broadcast on April 14 at 9:30 p.m. on the New England Sports Network. In August 2014 it was announced that <mask> would leave the Globe to join The Washington Post staff. He began his new position as national arts reporter in September 2014. Since starting at the Post, Edgers had written in-depth profiles of Eddie Murphy, David Letterman, Norm Macdonald, Darrell Hammond, Tom Hanks, and Ava DuVernay, as well as lengthy pieces on the history of Run-DMC’s "Walk This Way" and a story documenting the mysterious life of a man who stole a Stradivarius violin and virtually disappeared with the instrument. A press release from the Post stated that "[Edgers] will have a broad reach to write about arts, entertainment and cultural issues across the nation" and noted that he will remain based in Boston while still reporting to a senior editor in Washington and "appearing in the newsroom frequently."Following on the heels of this appointment, in November 2014 a new television show hosted by Edgers was announced, entitled Secrets of the Arsenal. The series features Edgers exploring the stories and provenance behind military artifacts such as a German pistol from World War II or weapons from the Mexican–American War. After premiering on December 16 at 10:00 PM Eastern, The New York Times Neil Genzlinger described Edgers' "genuine enthusiasm" for the memorabilia he investigates, stating that in the same "gung-ho" spirit of his work with Edge of America, "he applies that ... passion to visiting museums and private collectors in search of artifacts with stories behind them." In January 2018, Edgers debuted a new podcast series, Edge of


texts:
 Fame, drawing on his experience as a journalist, documentary film maker, writer, and National Arts Reporter for the Post. In the series, Edgers explores the lives of various celebrities and performers on the dark and humorous sides of show business. Each podcast episode focuses on Edgers shadowing a specific performer for a long period of time. Eschewing a typical one-on-one interview style, Edgers assembles a combination of interviews, testimonials, and anecdotes from various voices he encounters along the way.It was released as a collaborative effort between radio station WBUR and The Washington Post. Edgers' book Walk this Way: Run-DMC, Aerosmith, and the Song that Changed American Music Forever was published in February 2019, detailing the famous collaboration between rock band Aerosmith and rap duo Run-DMC on their remake of the former's hit, "Walk This Way". The book received positive reviews across the press. In The Atlantic, James Parker wrote, "The question with a book like this—a book that zeroes in on a particular happening or art moment and then extrapolates boomingly outward—is always: Is there enough there? Enough action at the core, that is, and enough concentrically moving energy to prevent the narrative from collapsing in on itself as it stretches to book length? The answer in this case, I am happy to report, is yes." The Boston Globe'''s Rob Sheffield called it "a cultural detective yarn," and praised Edgers' "valiant gumshoe work."Personal life
Edgers is married to Carlene Hempel, a professor at Northeastern University. They live outside Boston and have two children together, Lila and Calvin Hempel-Edgers. External links
 Washington Post reporter profile
 @<mask> on Twitter
 Losing the part: How Darrell Hammond, SNL’s best impressionist ever, found life after Trump, by <mask>. The Washington Post.'' (September 27, 2017). References

1970 births
Living people
The Boston Globe people
Tufts University alumni
American male journalists
The Washington Post journalists
Journalists from Massachusetts
Writers from Boston
20th-century American journalists
21st-century American journalists
Brookline High

masks:
GeoffEdgers
Geoff Edgers


texts: <mask> (5 January 1968 – 19 December 1997) was a Singaporean model and writer. After garnering local fame as a model, she gained worldwide recognition for her contributions to Singaporean post-colonial literature and the anthropic philosophy conveyed in her works. Her first book, Excuse Me, Are You A Model?, is recognised as a significant milestone in the literary and cultural history of Singapore. <mask> later published a second book, Discuss Disgust, and many shorter pieces in press outlets, including a short-lived opinion column in a major Singaporean daily that was pulled due to public dissent from Singaporean traditionalists. <mask> died at age 29 on 19 December 1997 aboard SilkAir Flight 185 when it crashed into the Musi River on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The U.S.'s National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) expressed high confidence that the crash was an act of suicide and mass murder by the troubled Singaporean pilot, a colleague of <mask>' ex-husband. All 104 passengers and all crew perished.After <mask>' death, numerous publications including the book Heaven Can Wait: Conversations with Bonny <mask> by Tal Ben-Shahar featured her life and thought. Although she was deemed controversial by many during her lifetime because of her willingness to openly discuss human sexuality, Singaporean literary scholars today deem <mask>' voice as a pivotally important one for interpreting contemporary Singaporean society. <mask>' legacy today is one of an important transitional social figure between old and new Singapore during its period of broad-scale societal changes under the forces of globalisation. Her death resulted in the loss of a Singaporean national

masks:
Bonny Susan Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks


texts:
 voice that was both growing and important yet internally conflicted while confrontive. Criticisms by Singaporean traditionalists during her modelling and authoring careers continually vexed <mask>' conscience and drove her to re-evaluate her life. <mask> ultimately made a sustained series of traditionalist choices during the latter years of her life. Early life
<mask> was born in 1968 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, to a British father, <mask>, and a Cantonese-speaking Singaporean-Chinese mother, Betty Soh.Her parents separated shortly after her birth and Soh relocated to Singapore in 1969 with her infant daughter. There, <mask>' formative social environment was multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, and included Malays, Indians, and Chinese of various dialect groups. Although <mask> was biracial, she identified as Chinese during her early childhood, speaking Cantonese and watching Chinese-language television at home. When <mask> was twelve, her mother accepted a job as a caretaker of a bungalow in Sentosa, Singapore, and they relocated to the island away from a Singaporean Housing and Development Board flat in Toa Payoh. Throughout her teens, <mask> lived with her mother on Sentosa Island, and intermittently with her  (grandmother) with whom she enjoyed a particularly close relationship. <mask> never met her father. At aged sixteen, she traced his whereabouts through the British High Commission, with whom he was stationed on Singapore during <mask>' conception.Married with children from his new arrangement, and likely keeping his past muffled from his new family, <mask>' father returned word via fax to her that he wanted nothing to do with her. Despite <mask>' superficial

masks:
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Ron Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks


texts:
 joking whenever publicly questioned about it, her father's rejection of her remained deeply hurtful to <mask> throughout her life. <mask>' early years were marked by "few friends". She stated she made no real friends after age 15—that is, until she met Patricia Chan Li-Yin, a person who would become a pivotally important person to <mask>' life and career. Now a magazine editor and talent agent, Chan had retired from being a Singaporean sports hero, a decorated female swimmer. Finding fame

Discovery and first mentor
Chan "discovered" the nineteen-year-old <mask> shortly after <mask> completed her A levels at the Hwa Chong Junior College. <mask> and Chan enjoyed a close, multi-leveled, complicated relationship that was both professional and personal.<mask> referred to Chan as "Mum", and some surmised that there was perhaps more to the relationship. Stemming from ambiguous statements <mask> later made in her first book, (e.g., "I was in love with Pat Chan"), Singaporeans widely speculated whether the two were involved in a lesbian relationship. While the statements in <mask>' book could be interpreted as indicating only an intimate mentoring relationship with Chan, whom <mask> clearly idealized and greatly admired, she continued to be ambiguous on the subject whenever questioned. This created a sense of mystery about herself and contributed to ongoing buzz and publicity. Modeling

<mask>' modelling career began by showcasing her appearance on the September 1987 cover of a now-defunct Singaporean fashion monthly, GO. She shortly followed her first appearance with others, including in Indonesia. She continued with multiple appearances on other covers, print

masks:
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Bonnie Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
Hicks


texts:
 advertisements, catwalk appearances in designer clothes, and in a music video for a top-10 hit by the Singaporean indie band The Oddfellows.A year into <mask>' modelling career, she began writing about her life experiences and ideas stemming from her modelling. By age twenty-one she had completed her first book, Excuse Me, are you a Model? She continued to model for five more years and in 1992, at the age of twenty-four, released her second book Discuss Disgust. <mask> then left modelling to take a job as a department lead and copywriter in Jakarta, Indonesia. At the time, <mask> reiterated a statement she had made in her first book: that she had never wanted to be a model in the first place. Instead, her dream since age thirteen had been to be a writer. It was then that she had begun keeping a diary of her feelings and experiences, a practice she continued throughout her life.<mask> drew from her documented memories in each of her writings. Brief marriage
Before her move to Indonesia, <mask> was briefly married to a former officer of the Republic of Singapore Air Force. <mask> left him for Richard "Randy" Dalrymple, an American architect, by whose side she died aboard SilkAir Flight 185. <mask>' first husband was a former colleague of the pilot of the plane in which <mask> perished. This connection would later become a troubling focus of the investigation into the crash that took <mask>' life—her murder, as was shown in the events that followed. Literary contributions and controversy

Excuse Me, Are You a Model? <mask> published her first work Excuse Me, Are You a Model?in Singapore in 1990. The book is her autobiographical exposé of the modelling and fashion

masks: Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks


texts:
 world and contains frequent, candid discussion about her sexuality, a subject that was not traditionally broached in Singaporean society at the time. The work stirred significant controversy among Singaporeans who held traditional literary and moral standards. Traditionalists considered <mask>' work a "kiss and tell" book that disclosed "too much too soon" from an independent woman still in her early twenties. Singaporean youth, on the other hand, had a starkly different view; twelve thousand copies were sold within two weeks, prompting the book's publisher to boast <mask>' work as "the biggest book sensation in the annals of Singapore publishing"—an accurate claim. During the years leading up to her death, Singaporean English literature scholars had begun to recognise more than just a simple generational divide in the reactions to <mask>' book, and were describing it as "an important work" in the confessional mode of the genre of post-colonial literature. Well before Hick's book was deemed "a significant milestone in Singapore's literary and cultural history," Singaporean young people had already established a localized literary movement, following <mask>' lead.Local markets soon became inundated with the autobiographies of fame-seeking youth, many not yet in their twenties. Discuss Disgust
In 1992, two years after <mask>' controversial entry into Singapore's literary scene, she published her second and last book, Discuss Disgust. The novella, literarily more sophisticated but never as popular as her first book, portrays the world as seen through the eyes of a child whose mother is a prostitute. In it, <mask> continued to openly discuss sexuality, and in

masks: Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks


texts:
 veiled terms broached the taboo of sexual abuse, both subjects that were not normally openly spoken of in Singapore during the time. Adding fuel to the controversy surrounding <mask>, a widely read local traditionalist columnist dubbed Discuss Disgust as "another one of those commercial publications which pack sleaze and sin into its hundred-oddpages" (sic). While an understanding of Discuss Disgust was much greater than was let on among even traditionalists critics, social pressures meant that few people openly accepted the novella for what it actually was: <mask>' semi-autobiographical account of her own troubled childhood years, an only partially veiled yet immediately unsuccessful cry for the public to reinterpret her early adult years through the psychological trauma of her childhood years. "The Bonny Hicks Diary"
<mask> was also a frequent contributor to Singaporean and regional press outlets.Her frankly-written bi-monthly column in The Straits Times, "The Bonny Hicks Diary", in which she often discussed her childhood on Sentosa Island, further incited traditionalists' feelings that <mask> was an improper role model for young, impressionable girls, whom traditionalists felt were being morally corrupted by <mask>. Yielding to public traditionalist pressure, spurred initially by a letter writing campaign to the paper, the Times pulled her column within a year. The paper's esteemed editor, Richard Lim, subsequently voiced regret over what he considered a politically motivated decision by the paper. Pushing back as far as practicable, Lim began running frequent "special" columns by <mask>. Having taken a mentoring interest in <mask>' development as a writer

masks: Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks


texts:
 since her first publication, Lim was uniquely authoritative when he publicly noted the deepening of <mask>' writings as she matured. Third Book? At the time of Discuss Disgust'''s release, <mask> reported to The Straits Times that she had been working on a third book, one that centred on correspondence between herself and an unnamed female housemate.<mask> wrote of her social observations of the United States during a two-month visit, using it as a springboard to social commentary about Singapore. While the book idea further revealed <mask>' preference to write with a certain person in mind it never materialised, not even in draft form or as personal papers released posthumously . Life transition
Introspection
During <mask>' heyday, few had begun to adequately situate her life and works within the larger societal changes that had enveloped Singapore at the time under forces of rapid globalisation—changes that, by then, were simply far too advanced and powerful to altogether stop the clock upon by the traditionally successful means of shaming and ostracising. For the most part, traditionalists simply reacted from gut-level fear against <mask>, or a simplified characterisation or straw man of her, whom they perceived as a "notorious" moral threat willing to degrade Singaporean society for personal fame and financial gain. Even though the criticisms were not entirely fair—they certainly contained at least a kernel of truth—their accumulation had long been taking a toll upon <mask>' perseverance, eroding away at even her senses of identity, purpose, and wholeness, and thus her basic senses of faith, hope, and peace about the future. While she yet continued to milk


texts:
 opportunities for self-promotion, as Pat Chan had early on taught her to do, it was becoming clearer and clearer that <mask> had for some time been deep within a season of personal introspection, and had been laying plans for a significant life and career transition that appeared to be informed by the values of Singaporean traditionalists. Whilst she was perhaps conceding a victory to her traditionalist critics amid her life transition, her life change was caused at least as much by her own personal maturing away from the years and seemingly unrestrained values of her youth, although there was certainly an interplay of both external and internal forces that prodded her along.Overall, <mask>'s self-promotional success efforts had begun to painfully wane, so she took pause and introspectively re-evaluated. Of this tumultuous period <mask> confessed,
I experienced great happiness and great sorrow in my life. While the great happiness was uplifting and renewing, the sorrow ate at me slowly, like a worm in the core of an apple. I realised then that stable happiness was not mine until I could eliminate the sorrow too. The sorrow which I experienced was often due to the fact that my own happiness came at a price. That price was someone else's happiness. New mentors, new growth
Despite <mask>' confession that she had harmed others along her path to fame, and her intention to reverse the trend, she all along had her supporters—those who comprehended her on a level deeper than the mere fandom she had so often sought to instigate toward herself, and who saw in <mask> a young lady not trying to offend but to initiate critical conversations within a culture that was often

masks: Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks


texts: far too resistant to anything beyond the familiar.To them, <mask>' anthropical philosophy of life that featured loving, caring and sharing was not only refreshing but important, perhaps more than even <mask> herself could appreciate at the time. A growing voice appeared to emerge clearly in her writings, and it attracted many Singaporeans and others, including some scholars. Two of the scholars would become pivotally influential new mentors to <mask> during her major traditionalist life transition, the ultimate result of which, as things would turn out, would be cut short by her untimely death. One of <mask>' new mentors was Tal Ben-Shahar, a positive psychologist and popular professor of psychology at the time at Harvard University. <mask> reached out to Ben-Shahar after being exposed to his writings, and the two corresponded about philosophical and spiritual matters for approximately one year, on up until <mask>' 1997 death. The correspondence later became basis for a 1998 book by Ben-Shahar, in which he narrated <mask>' profound growth during the year. <mask> had also become a student of Confucian humanism, and she was particularly attracted to the thought of a second Harvard professor, Tu Wei-Ming, a New Confucian philosopher, who became a second new mentor to <mask>.<mask> attended Tu's seminars and the two corresponded over some months. With Tu's influence added to that of Ben-Shahar's, <mask> began to exhibit an increased New Confucian influence upon her thinking, and she soon turned in her occasional Straits Times columns to criticising Singaporean society from the theme. In one piece, she expressed dismay about the "lack of understanding of

masks: Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks


texts:
 Confucianism as it was intended to be and the political version of the ideology to which we [as Singaporeans] are exposed today." Just before <mask>' death she had submitted what Editor Richard Lim recognised as her most mature column ever to The Straits Times. The daily posthumously published "I think and feel, therefore I am", on 28 December 1997. In it <mask> argued,

Thinking is more than just conceiving ideas and drawing inferences; thinking is also reflection and contemplation. When we take embodied thinking rather than abstract reasoning as a goal for our mind, then we understand that thinking is a transformative act.The mind will not only deduce, speculate, and comprehend, but it will also awaken, will enlighten and inspire. Si, is how I have thought, and always will think. Tu asserts that <mask>' use of the Chinese character Si was "code language," readily understood by her Chinese-speaking English readers, to convey New Confucian thought. The piece, <mask>' last, reflects the maturing and deepening engagement in philosophy and spirituality that she had clearly been enveloped in under tutelage of her new mentors during her last year of life. Redefining herself

Move to Indonesia
When <mask> penned Excuse Me, are you a Model?, her intent was to write a first book to which people would react. Whether those reactions were positive or negative was not her young mind's first concern. Only public indifference, the antithesis of public reaction, would impede her achievement of fame and popularity, she believed—a message Pat Chan had surely instilled in <mask> from the start.<mask> described her own early motivations:

I wanted to be something all young girls


texts: aspired to be, I wanted to be that model that men lusted after, I wanted to be that model that people would recognise on the streets. I wanted to be that model that clients would never stop demanding for, I wanted to be that model, that face, that would launch a thousand ships. I wanted to be a star. Although <mask> never fully attained her stardom goals, and although she later distanced herself from her goals on the matter, Singaporeans broadly took note of the nature of her early attempts at becoming famous. Few people found themselves able to respond to <mask> with a mere shrug, a fact that fueled not only her popularity among her supporters but the controversy that so doggedly followed her among her critics. While tasting the intense and transitory flavor of fame, <mask>' limited life experience could not have led her to anticipate the intensity of the negative reactions that would accompany her attempts under the spotlight, could not have allowed her to surmise the toll that the negative words and societal shunning would take upon her psyche over time. In many ways, her move to Indonesia, which coincided with her plea for greater public understanding as released in her second book, Discuss Disgust, was an attempt to escape the intense controversy she had experienced in Singapore over her first book, Excuse Me, Are You a Model?Whether her departure was something of a victory for traditionalists, a mere admission to herself of her limited constitution to withstand societal disapprobation, an outcome of simply her own maturation, or some combination of the three, cannot be known with certainty. What is clear, however, is that her hope through her move was to

masks: Hicks Hicks Hicks


texts:
 find a reprieve from the societal shunning she had been experiencing from traditionalists in Singapore; to move to a place where she could deepen and further redefine herself and perhaps undertake a larger and much wiser relaunching of herself in Singapore. Due to her untimely death, it was never to be. Heading to university
Part of <mask>' plan was to attend university. Although <mask> publicly downplayed her lack of higher education, she privately expressed regret that she had not studied past her A-levels, a fact traditionalist critics had used against her and her writings with no small frequency. During the year leading up to her 1997 death, <mask> applied to numerous universities in Britain and the United States, including Harvard. During her application processes <mask> called upon her Harvard mentors to exert influence on her behalf, which certainly helped overcome any negative effects that remained from <mask>' unremarkable academic record during her youth.At the time she applied, <mask> could present herself as an exceptional candidate to any university she wished to attend, a veritable shoo-in. Here was a young woman who had overcome a very difficult upbringing to become a nationally known model-turned-author, and whose mind, spirit, and insights had authentically impressed the two high-level academicians who had become the predominant mentors of her life transition and letter of recommendation writers. <mask> soon reported through the Singaporean press that she had received one university acceptance, refusing to say where, stating that she was awaiting other possible acceptances before ultimately deciding where to attend. Marriage and family plans
In


texts:
 keeping with traditionalist Singaporean pressures placed upon her, <mask> had begun to mature her image regarding her personal relationships and sexual reputation, even though her actual deeds may not have fully deserved ill repute. She made plans to marry, settle down, and have children. Shortly before her death, <mask> became engaged to her longtime boyfriend, Richard "Randy" Dalrymple, an American architect of some regional prominence because of his unique structures in Singapore and Jakarta, some featured in Architectural Digest. It was to celebrate Christmas with Dalrymple's family that <mask> and Dalrymple boarded SilkAir Flight 185 in Jakarta en route to Singapore, probably their first such visit to the home of Dalrymple's parents as an engaged couple.The young couple never arrived, died en route, as their flight crashed into the Musi River. Death

Less than thirty minutes into SilkAir Flight 185 with <mask> aboard, the flight began a high-speed nosedive at 35,000 feet toward the Musi River in Southern Sumatra, Indonesia. While mid-air, the plane broke into pieces before being scattered across the river's surface. Local fisherman searched the crash site for survivors with scant hope. Both <mask> and Dalrymple died with all of the rest of the passengers and crew. Later, divers confirmed <mask>' death at the crash site after recovering some of her personal effects, including her wallet and credit cards. Aftermath
<mask>' death at age twenty-nine shocked Singaporeans, as well as others around the globe, and prompted a swirl of activity as people sought to interpret the meaning of a life that had been suddenly cut short.<mask>' traditionalist critics as

masks: Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks


texts:
 well as her allies both looked afresh, deeper, more carefully, and perhaps with a level of nuance she had prior deserved all along. Legacy
Post-modern author

<mask> is a transitional yet often still-controversial figure who lived and died a tragic death amid an important period of debate over changes between traditional and globalised Singapore. Both in life and in death, her status as a writer came to eclipse her status as a model. Today she is most recognised for her contributions to Singaporean post-colonial literature that spoke out on subjects not normally broached in her society, and the anthropic philosophy contained in her writings. Describing the consensus of Singaporean literary scholars in 1995, two years before <mask>' death, Ismail S. Talib in The Journal of Commonwealth Literature stated of Excuse me, are you a Model? : "We have come to realize in retrospect that <mask>'s autobiographical account of her life as a model was a significant milestone in Singapore's literary and cultural history". This recognition preceded <mask>' death, and in light of the controversy, and even the societal shunning she faced because of her early writings, took her and many around her by surprise.It also helped fuel the life transition she underwent prior her death. Interpreting a life cut short

As answers and unanswered questions continued to trickle out from the flight investigations, literary scholars, both in Singapore and elsewhere, began their own investigations of <mask>' writings. Some did so anew, while others did so for the first time. Tu Weiming characterized <mask>' life and philosophy as providing a "sharp contrast to Hobbes' cynic[al] view of human


texts:
 existence", and stated that <mask> was "the paradigmatic example of an autonomous, free-choosing individual who decided early on to construct a lifestyle congenial to her idiosyncratic sense of self-expression". More than anything, Tu said, "She was primarily a seeker of meaningful existence, a learner". Singaporean post-colonial author Grace Chia interpreted <mask>' life with a poem, "Mermaid Princess", that parodies the traditional Scottish folk song, "My Bonnie Lies over the Ocean." An excerpt of the poem characterises <mask> as one who:

spoke too soon
too loud
too much out of turn
too brutally honest
too empowered by your sense/x/uality
too much of I, I, I, I –
I think
I know
I understand
I love
I, I, I, I.

Richard Lim, the editor of The Straits Times, interpreted <mask> in a eulogy by recalling her life and contributions to the paper, and by publishing an excerpt of the famous essay "Whistling of Birds" by D. H. Lawrence.Lim began his piece with a line from the famous folk/rock song Fire and Rain by James Taylor. "Sweet dreams and flying machines, and pieces on the ground," as if sung into his readers' memories in Taylor's melancholic tone, seemed to perfectly encapsulate much of the retrospective feeling across Singapore about <mask>' life and sudden death. "Heaven can wait, but I cannot"
On the first anniversary of her death, in December 1998, Tal Ben-Shahar published Heaven Can Wait: Conversations with <mask> <mask>, in which he wove together his and <mask>' year-long correspondence with his own philosophical musings. The book is an extended postmodern "conversation" between two seekers journeying intensely together in a quest for meaning and purpose.

masks: Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Bonny Hicks Hicks


texts:
 It takes its title from an article <mask> submitted to The Straits Times just days before her death, which ever after took on a hauntingly prophetic air. In it she wrote: "The brevity of life on earth cannot be overemphasized. I cannot take for granted that time is on my side—because it is not ...Heaven can wait, but I cannot". In an earlier Straits Times piece that memorialised her grandmother, <mask> confessed that she believed in life after death. Non-racialism

Especially among Singaporean youth, who in the years since <mask>' death have become increasingly uncomfortable with their country's traditional backdrops of racialism, <mask> is recognized as a person who learned to cross cultural boundaries. She lived as person who found a comfortable niche in the betwixt-and-between of contesting cultural traditions and as one who was race-blind, seeing people for who they really were. Bibliography
  'Excuse Me, are you a Model?' (1990, Flame of the Forest)
 剪一段深深的曾经 : 名模的流金岁月 (1991, Flame of the Forest)
 Discuss Disgust (1992, Flame of the Forest)

References

External links
Bonny Hicks Education & Training Centre. The centre was opened in <mask>' honour in 2000 by the Singapore Council of Women's Organisations.Photos available. Excerpt of Excuse Me, Are You a Model? Archival footage during crash of Silk Air 185 from the AP

Attribution
 This article is derived from the Citizendium article "Bonny Hicks" by Stephen Ewen, which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Attribution to the author on the face of the article is required, per the author. This requirement is fully adhered to by simply leaving up this notice.


texts:
 1968 births
1997 deaths
Postcolonial literature
Singaporean Confucianists
Singaporean female models
Mass murder victims
Singaporean murder victims
Singaporean people of Chinese descent
Singaporean people of British descent
Singaporean writers
Singaporean non-fiction writers
Singaporean people of English descent
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Indonesia
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1997
20th-century non-fiction


texts:
Sir <mask> (died 17 August 1506) was a landowner, soldier, and Member of Parliament for Suffolk. He was knighted at the Battle of Stoke, where he fought on the Lancastrian side under John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford. He was a close associate of the Earl, and is said to have married the Earl's illegitimate daughter, Katherine. Family
<mask> was the son of <mask> (d.1479) of Denston, and Anne Denston (d.1481), daughter and heir of John Denston (d.1473) by Katherine Clopton, daughter of Sir William Clopton (d.1446) of Long Melford. Portraits of <mask>'s parents are preserved in the stained glass windows of Holy Trinity Church, Long Melford, Suffolk, while the 'cadaver tomb' of his maternal grandparents is in the church of St Nicholas at Denston. The Broughton family, of Broughton in Buckinghamshire, is said to have acquired its wealth through marriage with an heiress in the early fifteenth century. Mary Pever, the daughter of Thomas Pever (d. 22 September 1429) by Margaret Loring, one of the two daughters and coheirs of Sir Nigel Loring (d. 13 March 1386), a founding member of the Order of the Garter, married firstly Sir Richard St. Maur (d. 6 January 1409), and secondly <mask>, by whom she had a son, <mask> (d.1489), Sheriff of Bedfordshire, whose son, <mask> (d.1479), married Anne Denston (d.1481) and predeceased his father by ten years, leaving a son, <mask>, to inherit the Broughton estates.Broughton had two brothers, William and Edward, and a sister, Elizabeth, married to Edmund Cornwall. The Broughton arms are given as 'Argent, a chevron between three mullets gules'.

masks:
Robert Broughton
Robert Broughton
John Broughton
Robert Broughton
John Broughton
John Broughton
John Broughton
Robert


texts:
 Career
Broughton was appointed Knight of the Order of the Bath when the four-year-old Richard, Duke of York, second son to King Edward IV, one of the two princes later said to have been murdered in the Tower of London, married Anne de Mowbray on 15 January 1478. He was a close associate of John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, and a feudal tenant of the Earl in Ashdon, Essex and Stony Stratford, Buckinghamshire. He fought under the Earl's banner at the Battle of Stoke in June 1487, and was knighted on the battlefield together with John Paston II and George Hopton. According to Richmond, a record of the knighting of Broughton, Paston and Hopton is found in a copy of William Caxton’s Game and Playe of the Chesse once owned by John Paston III, and now in the British Library. Broughton's name is also found on a list in the royal household books of those in the 13th Earl's affinity who were to raise forces in July 1487 at the King's and the Earl's costs and charges.In January 1488 <mask> was a witness to a recognizance in the amount of £2000 taken by the 13th Earl from Sir Edmund Hastings to guarantee Hastings’ continuing loyalty to Henry VII. In 1489 he was elected Member of Parliament for Suffolk, likely as a result of the 13th Earl's influence. In January 1496 Broughton served as deputy to the 13th Earl as Constable of Clare Castle, Suffolk. In October 1501 he was among those who participated in an entertainment on a grand scale to welcome to England Catherine of Aragon, the bride of Henry VII's eldest son and heir, Arthur, Prince of Wales. After journeying on the Thames to the


texts:
 Tower of London, Catherine was met by King Henry VII’s second son, the future Henry VIII, accompanied by the Archbishop of York, the Bishop of Durham, the Earls of Suffolk and Shrewsbury, several barons, and a number of knights, including Broughton. Broughton made his will on 20 June 1504, requesting burial in Denston church, and appointing his wife, Katherine, as one of his executors, and the 13th Earl of Oxford as supervisor. He died on 17 August 1506.His will was proved 10 July 1507. The inquisition post mortem taken after <mask>'s death assessed his annual income at £600, making him 'one of the richest non-baronial landowners in England'. <mask>'s two sons received legacies in the 13th Earl's will when the Earl died in 1513. The elder son, John, was bequeathed two silver flagons, while the younger, <mask>, was given £40. <mask> appears to have been in the 13th Earl's service, as he was also granted an annuity of 53s 4d. Marriage and issue
Broughton married firstly Katherine de Vere, said to have been the illegitimate daughter of John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, by whom he had two sons and a daughter:

<mask> (d. 24 January 1518) of Toddington, Bedfordshire, aged fifteen at his father's death. He married Anne Sapcote (d. 14 March 1559), the daughter and heir of Sir Guy Sapcote by Margaret Wolston, daughter and heir of Sir Guy Wolston, and by her had a son and three daughters:
<mask> (d.1528).<mask> (d. 23 April 1535), who was the first wife of William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham. <mask>, who married, as his second wife, by dispensation dated 24 May 1539, Sir

masks:
Broughton
Broughton
Robert
Robert
John Broughton
John Broughton
Katherine Broughton
Anne Broughton


texts:
 Thomas Cheyney. <mask>, who died unmarried in 1524. There is a monument to her at Chenies. <mask>. <mask> (d. 6 August 1524), who married Henry Everard (d.1541), by whom she had several children, including Elizabeth Everard, who married Sir William Clopton (d. 6 October 1568) of Liston Hall, Essex. After the death of <mask>, Henry Everard married Lore (née Wentworth), widow of Edward Shaw and daughter of Sir Roger Wentworth by Anne Tyrrell, daughter of Humphrey Tyrrell.She survived him, and married, as her third husband, Francis Clopton (d.1558). Broughton married secondly Dorothy Wentworth, the sister of Sir Richard Wentworth (d. 17 October 1528), and daughter of Sir Henry Wentworth (d. August 1499) by Anne Say, daughter of Sir John Say (d.1478) of Broxbourne. Dorothy Wentworth's sister, Margery Wentworth, married Sir John Seymour, by whom she was the mother of Henry VIII's third wife, Jane Seymour. Notes

References

External links
Will of John de Vere, Earl of Oxford, proved 10 May 1513, PROB 11/17/379, National Archives Retrieved 1 June 2013
Will of Sir <mask>ton, proved 10 July 1507, PROB 11/15/535, National Archives Retrieved 1 June 2013
Will of John Broughton, proved 4 June 1519, PROB 11/19/251, National Archives Retrieved 1 June 2013
Will of John Broughton, proved 14 August 1489, PROB 11/8/396, National Archives Retrieved 5 June 2013
Stained glass windows depicting <mask> and Anne Denston, Long Melford Parish Church Retrieved 6 June 2013]

1506 deaths
Knights of the Bath
People of the Wars of the Roses
English MPs 1489
16th-century English people
Year of birth

masks:
Elizabeth Broughton
Robert Broughton
Margaret Broughton
Margaret Broughton
Robert Brough
John Broughton


texts:
<mask> (16 September 1722 – 26 January 1799) was a British Army General from Scotland, who settled in Montreal after the Seven Years' War. Following the British Conquest of New France, he invested in land and became one of the largest landowners in the British Province of Quebec. Early life
Born in Stirling, he was the son of <mask> (1695-1745), a wealthy merchant and manufacturer with branches in Glasgow, London and Baltimore. <mask>'s mother, Catherine Napier, was the daughter of Francis Napier (d.1713), of Craigannet; Provost of Stirling and a grandson of the distinguished John Napier. <mask> was educated in Stirling, Glasgow and England. <mask> entered the army as an ensign in 1742 under the patronage of his uncle, Lt.-General Robert Napier (1708-1766), Chief Staff Officer to the Duke of Cumberland at the Battle of Culloden. Military career

In 1745, <mask> was gazetted Lieutenant of the 27th (Inniskilling) Regiment of Foot.Present with his uncle at the Battle of Culloden, young <mask> was sent to the governor of Stirling Castle with the despatches announcing the victory. As Captain of the 44th Regiment of Foot, in 1756 General Abercrombie appointed him assistant-deputy-Quartermaster-General to the Forces in North America, maintaining that position under the new commander-in-chief, Earl Loudoun. He fought with Wolfe at the Siege of Quebec, when he was promoted Brevet Major. In 1762, he was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel, and in 1769 he was made deputy-Quartermaster-General to the Forces in North America. In 1773, he was appointed Lt.-Colonel of the King's Royal Rifle Corps and served with them in the West Indies. In 1778, he was made Colonel Commandant of the 2nd Battalion of that regiment. In 1780, they were serving in

masks:
Gabriel Christie
James Christie
Gabriel
Christie
Gabriel Christie
Christie
Christie


texts:
 Antigua and in 1781 he was appointed Major-General and Commander-in-Chief of the Leeward Islands.In 1793, he was gazetted Lt.-General, and in 1796 he was made Colonel Commandant of the King's Royal Rifle Corps. In 1798, he received his final promotion to General and Commander-in-Chief of the British Forces in the Canadas, at Montreal. Canadian Seigneur

<mask> was based in the West Indies during most of the American Revolution, but in the 1780s, when his active role in the army was completed, he settled in Quebec where he had already started with his intentions of becoming a significant Seigneur there. In 1764, he purchased six seigneuries from noble French Canadian families returning to France after the Conquest. The first was the seigneury of L’Islet-du-Portage, from Paul-Joseph Le Moyne de Longueuil (son of Charles le Moyne de Longueuil, Baron de Longueuil), but he sold it in 1777 preferring land closer to Montreal. His second and third purchases were in partnership with Moses Hazen, acquiring the seigneuries of Bleury and Sabrevois from Clément Sabrevois de Bleury (father of Clément-Charles Sabrevois de Bleury) for £7,300. His fourth purchase was with John Campbell (1721-1795), buying the seigneury of Noyan from the Payen de Noyan family.In 1765, he purchased the seigneury of Lacolle, from the family of Jacques-Philippe Saveuse de Beaujeu. Finally, he purchased the seigneury of Léry from Gaspard-Joseph Chaussegros de Léry. Around 1777, he added the seigneuries of Lachenaie and Repentigny to his lands. He owned land in England too, but even these seigneurial acquisitions were not enough to satisfy his ambition: In 1792, he made two unsuccessful requests for land grants in the Eastern Townships. His final purchase was in


texts:
 1796, when Jean-Baptiste Boucher de Niverville sold him the seigneury of Chambly. <mask> hired agents to look after his extensive land holdings and lived comfortably in Montreal with his family until his death, despite a few set backs. His property along the Richelieu River was devastated during the American Invasion of Canada in 1775.The seigneuries near St. Johns that he purchased with Hazen also created difficulties for him as during the War of Independence Hazen sided with the armies under Richard Montgomery who invaded Quebec. Hazen and <mask> were in court for years over their failed business partnership. Family

He had married Sarah Stevenson, daughter of John Stevenson of Albany, New York when stationed in the area, and settled her, their son and two daughters in Montreal. During his time in London in the 1780s, he had taken a mistress by the name of Rachel Plenderleath, and by her was the father of three further sons (<mask>, George and William) who were fully accepted into the main family and provided for equally - they each received £1,500 and commissions in the King's Royal Rifle Corps, while their eldest legitimate brother, Napier, inherited the bulk of his estate, before passing it to his half-brother. <mask> lived with his family on Rue Saint-Paul, Montreal. General <mask>-Burton (1758-1835), M.P., for Beverley, who succeeded his father as Commander-in-Chief of the British troops in the Canadas. Educated at Eton, as a compliment to his father he was invited to Windsor Castle by George III.He married Mary, daughter and heiress of General Ralph Burton, of Hotham Hall, Yorkshire and assumed the Burton name by license. Their sons died unmarried. Their eldest daughter married first Major-General John Clitherow and

masks:
Christie
Christie
Gabriel
Christie
Napier Christie


texts:
 second Henry Peters of Betchworth Castle. Their youngest daughter founded at Wakefield a home for discharged female prisoners. <mask> (1772-1849). At Jamaica, she married Major John Robertson (1767-1815), of the King's Royal Rifle Corps, son of Colonel Daniel Robertson of Struan. He was associated with the mercantile firm of Alexander & James Robertson of Montreal, through whom he was granted 2,000 acres in the township of Buckingham, Quebec.She returned to Montreal in 1831 with her three children: Catherine (married Philip Anglin, of the King's Royal Rifle Corps), Maria and Amelia. <mask> (1774-1836), married Rev. James Tunstall (1760-1840), Rector of Christ Church Cathedral, Montreal. They were the parents of three sons and a daughter, Mrs Edward Roe. <mask> (b.c.1778)
George Plenderleath (b.c.1779)
William Smith Plenderleath (1780-1845), inherited his father's Canadian estates from his half-brother, on the condition he took the name '<mask>'. He was married three times, but had no children (1) In 1808,  Marie-Marguerite Chaboillez, daughter of Charles Chaboillez and widow of Simon McTavish of the North West Company, (2) Elizabeth McGinnis (3) Amelia Martha Bowman (1805-1898)

See also

 James Bell (merchant)

References

External links
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
The Christie Seigneuries: Estate Management and Settlement in the Upper Richelieu Valley, 1760-1854
Genealogical Memoirs of the <mask> family of Stirling

1722 births
1799 deaths
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
British Army generals
British Army personnel of the French and Indian War
People from Stirling
44th Regiment of Foot officers
Scottish landowners
British Army personnel of the Jacobite rising of

masks:
Catherine Christie
Sarah Christie
Gabriel Plenderleath
Christie
Christie


texts: <mask> (born 4 September 1994) is an Irish semi-professional footballer who plays as a winger for Midland League Premier Division South Normanton Athletic. <mask> was born in Waterford, County Waterford. He joined the Tottenham Hotspur academy in July 2011. Since joining the Tottenham Academy, McEvoy quickly make an impact for the team, where he played for the under-18 team and scored eight goals in twenty-two appearances in the 2011–12 season.In the middle of the 2012–13 season, <mask> was promoted to the under-21 team and first featured for the reserve team when he appeared as an unused substitute against Liverpool U23 on 11 February 2013. He then made his Tottenham Reserve debut against Arsenal U21 on 23 February 2013, setting up one of the goals, in a 4–2 win. His first goal came on 11 March 2013, in a 4–0 win over West Bromwich Albion Reserve. At the end of the 2012–13 season, <mask> went on to make eleven appearances and scored three times. In the 2013–14 season, <mask> continued to feature for the under-21 team and scored his first goal of the season, in a 1–1 draw against Leicester City U23 on 21 October 2013. In November 2013, <mask> was called up by the first team for the first time ahead of the UEFA Europa League match against Tromsø in Norway, but was used as an unused substitute. Following this, <mask> scored two goals in the next two matches between on 13 December 2013 and 14 January 2013 against Fulham U23 and Newcastle United U23.Then, in February 2014, <mask> was featured again in the first team, where he was once again as an unused substitute in a UEFA Europa League match against Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk on 20 February 2014. As the 2013–14 season progressed, he went on to make eighteen appearances and scoring five times. After being recalled by his parent club on 11 November 2014, whilst on loan at Peterborough United, <mask> returned to the club's reserve team, where he started the whole game, in a 2–0 win over Fulham U23. Shortly being recalled once again by his parent club, whilst at Colchester United, <mask> scored on his return for the club's reserve team, in a 1–1 draw against Manchester United U23 on 3 March 2015. He scored again for the team,

masks:
Kenneth McEvoy
McEvoycEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy


texts:
 several weeks later on 23 March 2015, in a 3–1 loss against Leicester City U23. Having spent the whole season on loan in the 2014–15 season, <mask> went on to score two goals in ten appearances. For his performance, <mask> signed an 18-month contract.In the 2015–16 season, <mask> went on to make five appearances and scoring three times for the reserve team, including a brace against Leicester City U23 on 21 September 2015. He also scored against Manchester City U21 on 14 August 2015. Loan spells
<mask> joined League One club Peterborough United a youth loan for the 2014–15 season on 24 July 2014. On 9 August 2014, he made his senior debut against Rochdale. <mask> scored his first goal a week later, with a deflected shot in a 3–2 home win over Milton Keynes Dons. He was recalled by Tottenham on 11 November 2014, having made eight appearances for Peterborough. On 30 January 2015, he joined Colchester United of League One on a youth loan until the end of 2014–15, but only managed one appearance before being recalled by Tottenham.On 26 September 2015, <mask> joined League Two club Stevenage on a one-month loan. He made his Stevenage debut against Cambridge United on the same day, coming on as a seventy-first-minute substitute in a 1–0 defeat. This was his only appearance for Stevenage before the loan expired. York City

On 25 November 2015, <mask> joined League Two club York City on loan until 2 January 2016. He made his York City debut on 28 November 2015, three days after signing for the club, making his first start, in a 5–1 loss against Accrington Stanley. Having impressed manager Jackie McNamara in his four appearances for York, <mask> joined the club on a permanent contract for the rest of 2015–16 on 5 January 2016. <mask>'s first game after signing for the club on a permanent basis came on 16 January 2016, making a start, in 1–0 loss against Newport County.Several weeks later, on 30 January 2016, he scored his first York City goal, in a 2–1 win over Stevenage. His second goal came on 30 April 2016, in a 4–1 loss against Bristol Rovers. After seeing the York City relegated from the League Two, <mask> went on to make twenty appearances and scoring twice for the team.

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 He was released by York when his contract expired at the end of 2015–16. South Normanton Athletic and Waterford
After leaving York City, <mask> moved to East Midlands Counties League club South Normanton Athletic, where he briefly stayed there, as he made twelve appearances and scoring seven times in all competitions. After leaving South Normanton Athletic, <mask> was linked a move back to his hometown country, with a tug of war between Waterford and Sligo Rovers expressed interests in him. <mask> signed for League of Ireland First Division club Waterford on 25 January 2017 and made his Waterford debut on 24 February 2017, playing the whole game, in a 1–0 loss against Athlone Town.<mask> scored his first goal for Waterford against Cobh Ramblers in a crucial 2-1 victory at the RSC. After featuring 18 times for Waterford, <mask> left the club by mutual consent, after committing to a full-time job in England. On 10 August 2017, <mask> re-signed for South Normanton Athletic, with the club now in the Midland League Premier Division. International career
<mask> has represented the Republic of Ireland at under-17, under-19 and under-21 levels. Style of play
McEvoy plays as a winger and has been praised for his pace and crossing. Personal life
In June 2015, <mask> married his wife, Toni and became a father when his wife gave birth to a baby girl named Dolly on 26 September 2016. McEvoy earned attention from both the British and Irish media, due to his resemblance of his then teammate Gareth Bale.Career statistics

References

External links

<mask> profile at the Football Association of Ireland website

1994 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Waterford (city)
Association footballers from County Waterford
Republic of Ireland association footballers
Republic of Ireland youth international footballers
Republic of Ireland under-21 international footballers
Association football wingers
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Peterborough United F.C. players
Colchester United F.C. players
Stevenage F.C. players
York City F.C. players
South Normanton Athletic F.C. players
Waterford F.C.players
English Football League players
East Midlands Counties Football League players
League of Ireland

masks:
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
Kenny
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
Kenny McEvoy


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<mask> (November 18, 1869 – February 22, 1922) was an American trial lawyer and professor, who later became the inspiration for Perry Mason. Life
<mask> was born in Perry, New York on November 18, 1869, the son of Methodist minister Lowell L<mask> and Ada (Andrus<mask>. The Reverend <mask> moved the <mask> family to California in 1874. <mask> attended Ashland Academy in Ashland, Oregon and St. Helena Academy in St. Helena, California. He then studied at Syracuse University, but left to return to California after his father went bankrupt. <mask> worked as a newspaper reporter, then studied law under former U.S. senator Stephen M. White and Judge William P. Gardiner. <mask> was admitted to the bar in 1897, and began to practice in Los Angeles.Among the prospective attorneys who studied law under <mask> was Buron Fitts, who later became a Los Angeles County district attorney. As a defense counsel, <mask> handled 77 murder trials and lost only three . He astonished medical experts on the witness stand with his technical questions . His expertise was so complete that he became a professor of medical jurisprudence and insanity in the College of Physicians and Surgeons as well as a professor at the University of Southern California Law School. In "The Case of the Grinning Skull," <mask> introduced the victim's skull to prove what appeared to be a fracture caused by a violent blow from a blunt instrument, in fact, was the result of the autopsy surgeon's carelessness. The jury returned a not guilty verdict. Ten years after his death, impressed with accounts of <mask>' cases, attorney and author Erle Stanley Gardner reincarnated <mask> as the character Perry Mason.<mask>'s life is recounted by his daughter Adela <mask>. Johns, who was his assistant for most of his legal career, in her book Final Verdict (Doubleday, 1962), which was the basis of the television film Final Verdict, that was produced by Warner Bros. Notable cases

William Alford, 1899
<mask> defended William Alford from a murder charge by

masks:
Earl Rogers
Earl Rogers
. Rogers
) Rogers
Rogers
Rogers
Rogers
Rogers
Rogers
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 entering the victim's intestines into evidence. An expert witness testified that the path of the bullet confirmed Alford's story . Charles F. Mootry, 1899
<mask> defended Charles F. Mootry from a charge of murdering his wife by appealing to the jurors' own feelings about their wives. After the trial, when Mootry tried to congratulate <mask>, he turned away from Mootry and said, "Get away from me, you slimy pimp; you're as guilty as hell and you know it." The Catalina Island murder 1902
<mask> is also remembered for the defense in the Catalina Island murder case. In the early morning of August 13, 1902 at the Metropole Hotel, a gambler, William A. Yeagar, better known as "the Louisville Sport," was murdered during a card game.Alfred Boyd was one of three men in the room playing poker. Harry Johnson, who was at the table, ran from the room, yelling "He shot him, he shot him!" and handed Boyd's gun to bartender Jim Davis, who thought that there was no question that Boyd was the killer. Boyd was charged with the murder, but <mask> won an acquittal..

Griffith J. Griffith, 1903
Colonel Griffith J. Griffith, the namesake of Griffith Park, was tried for the attempted murder of his wife. He was convicted of the lesser charge of assault with a deadly weapon and served two years in prison. Morrison Buck, 1906
In 1906, <mask> made one of his rare appearances for the prosecution and used his medical expertise to send Morris Buck to the gallows for the murder of Chloe Canfield, wife of Charles A. Canfield (1848-1913). Patrick Calhoun 1909
Patrick Calhoun, president of the United Railroad Company, was charged with bribing the San Francisco Board of Supervisors in exchange for granting the overhead trolley franchise to his company in the wake of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.<mask> defended Calhoun, but during his trials and all the related trials of United Railroad Company's general counsel, Tiery Ford, <mask> did not call a single witness nor introduce any evidence, arguing that the prosecution simply

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 hadn't made a case against the defendants. On June 20, 1909, the Calhoun jury was deadlocked, with the final jury vote at ten for acquittal and two for conviction. He was not retried. Clarence Darrow, 1912-1913
Perhaps the most famous lawyer-client disagreements recorded in legal history were those which developed between Clarence Darrow, indicted for attempted jury bribery in Los Angeles in 1912, and <mask>. The case arose out of Darrow's defense of the McNamara brothers, labor leaders who were indicted in the 1910 dynamiting of the Los Angeles Times building, in which 21 Times non-union employees were killed. The McNamara brothers were indicted, and Clarence Darrow was brought in to defend them. The case gripped the attention of the entire nation.Before the McNamara brothers could plead guilty, however, Darrow himself was charged by the Los Angeles district attorney with an attempt to bribe a juror. Darrow then hired  <mask> as his chief counsel. When the case went to trial, however, Darrow frequently disagreed with his attorney over how the case should be tried. According to the account of Adela <mask>. Johns, much of her father's energy during the trial was given over to trying to persuade Darrow and his wife to accept his position on how to try the case. <mask> was successful in getting Darrow, the great champion of organized labor, to refrain from making an argument essentially condoning the dynamiting of the Times building and the killing of 21 people. <mask> and Darrow both made closing arguments. <mask>' short summary of the evidence was business-like and to the point, emphasizing his own theory of the case that Darrow was too smart to have been involved in a bribery scheme and that he would not in any event have knowingly run across the street at the scene of the bribery and thus drawn attention to his presence at the scene.Darrow was acquitted, but he was later indicted for allegedly attempting to bribe another juror in the McNamara case. <mask> began the second case as lead counsel

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Earl Rogers
Rogers
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 but was soon forced to withdraw for health reasons. The second bribery trial ended in a hung jury, with several jurors holding out for a conviction. It was not until many months later that the second indictment was finally dismissed, based on Darrow's agreement never to practice law in California again. The most difficult advocating that <mask> faced in the Darrow case was to persuade Darrow not to continually hurt his own case with unappealing – if not suicidal – arguments." The actor Robert Vaughn played <mask> in the episode, "Defendant: Clarence Darrow" (January 13, 1963), of the CBS anthology series, GE True, hosted by Jack Webb. In the story line, Darrow, played by Tol Avery, and <mask> argue passionately over legal procedures.Jess Willard 1913
<mask> defended boxer Jess Willard on charges of second-degree murder stemming from the death of his opponent, John "Bull" Young, from a blow to the head in the ninth round of a boxing match on August 22, 1913. On January 13, 1914, a jury found Willard not guilty. Willard later went on to become heavyweight champion of the world. Charles E. Sebastian, 1916
<mask> successfully defended Los Angeles Police Chief Charles E. Sebastian, who later became mayor, against a charge of contributing to the delinquency of a minor. While running for the mayor's office Sebastian was charged with many crimes but was later acquitted of all of them. However, he left City Hall on September 2, 1916, after adverse publicity concerning his personal life arose from the publication of several letters of a damaging nature, and <mask> ran the mayor's office until  Frederick T. Woodman was appointed acting mayor on September 5, 1916. References

St. Johns, Adela <mask>, Final Verdict, (Doubleday, 1962)

External links

1869 births
1922 deaths
California lawyers
Criminal defense lawyers
Trial lawyers
Lawyers from Buffalo, New York
Burials at Evergreen Cemetery, Los Angeles
19th-century American lawyers
People from Perry, New York
Southern Oregon University alumni
Lawyers from

masks:
Earl Rogers
Rogers
Rogers
Rogers
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Earl Rogers
Rogers


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<mask> (born April 26, 1965) is a Canadian film and television producer based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Early life
<mask> was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. <mask> began his career as a stage manager at The Arts Club Theatre in 1983 and has since produced live events, live television and television series, as well as feature films. Career
In 2001, <mask> started Brightlight Pictures and has since been developing, financing, and producing feature films and television series. He has filmed in a variety of international locations, including: Singapore, Croatia, Romania, France, England, Northern Ireland, South Africa, and Australia. Fifty Dead Men Walking (Ben Kingsley, Jim Sturgess) was produced as a Canada/UK co-production, filmed in Belfast, and opened with a Gala Premier spot at the Toronto International Film Festival. <mask> executive produced the feature film The Interview (Seth Rogen, James Franco) for Columbia Pictures, and Horns (Daniel Radcliffe), produced in conjunction with Mandalay Pictures and Red Granite Pictures.He also served as a producer on The Company You Keep (Robert Redford, Shia LaBeouf) with Voltage pictures, 50/50 (Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Seth Rogen), The Possession (Jeffrey Dean Morgan, Kyra Sedgwick), White Noise (Michael Keaton), Passengers (Anne Hathaway, Patrick Wilson), and Wicker Man (Nicolas Cage). (2020)
 Sleeping with Danger (2020)
 Poisoned Love: The Stacey Castor Story (2020)
 Hearts of Winter (2020)
 A Doggone Christmas (2019)
 It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas (2019)
 A Homecoming for the Holidays (2019)
 Christmas Unleashed (2019)
 Christmas Town (2019)
 A Very Vintage Christmas (2019)
 Descendants 3 (2019)
 Family

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Shawn Williamson
Williamson
Shawn
Williamson
Williamson


texts:
 Pictures (2019)
 To Have and to Hold (2019)
 Harry & Meghan: Becoming Royal (2019)
 Bottled with Love (2019)
 Victoria Gotti: My Father's Daughter  (2019)
 Valentine in the Vineyard (2019)
 Jingle Around the Clock (2018)
 Welcome to Christmas (2018)
 A Twist of Christmas (2018)
 The Girl in the Bathtub (2018)
 Harry & Meghan: A Royal Romance (2018)
 Frozen in Love (2018)
 Secret Millionaire (2018)
 Doomsday (2017)
 Yellow (2017)
 Royal New Year's Eve (2017)
 The Christmas Cottage (2017)
 Christmas at Holly Lodge (2017)
 Christmas Homecoming (2017)
 I Am Elizabeth Smart (2017)
 Marry Me at Christmas (2017)
 A Harvest Wedding(2017)
 Descendants 2 (2017)
 Little Pink House (2017)
 Nightmare Time (2016)
 A Christmas to Remember (2016)
 Christmas List (2016)
 Operation Christmas (2016)
 Who Killed JonBenét? (2016)
 Autumn in the Vineyard (2016)
 Twist of Fate (2016)
 Adventures in Babysitting (2016)
 Sandra Brown's White Hot (2016)
 All Yours (2016)
 Toni Braxton: Unbreak My Heart (2016)
 Evil Men (2015)
 The Hollow (2015)
 Just the Way You Are (2015)
 Aurora Teagarden Mystery: A Bone to Pick (2015)
 I Do, I Do, I Do (2015)
 Vow of Violence (2014)
 Damaged (2014)
 Grumpy Cat's Worst Christmas Ever (2014)
 The Christmas Secret (2014)
 Recipe for Love (2013)
 Stolen from the Womb (2013)
 The Color of Rain (2013)
 The Good Mistress (2013)
 Hats Off to Christmas! (2013)
 Let It Snow (2013)
 Scarecrow (2013)
 Mr Hockey: The Gordie Howe Story (2013)
 Profile for Murder (2013)
 The Trainer (2013)
 Twist of Faith (2013)
 Nearlyweds (2013)
 Finding Mrs. Claus (2012)
 The Wishing Tree (2012)
 Love at the Thanksgiving Day Parade (2012)
 Gone (2011)
 Battle of the Bulbs (2010)
 Shooting Gunless (2010)


texts:
 Mistresses (2009)
 A.M.P.E.D. (2007)
 Kraken: Tentacles of the Deep (2006)
 Bratty Babies (2005)
 Marker (2005)
 Johnny Total (2005)
 Cable Beach (2004)
 Mob Princess (2003)
 Dead in a Heartbeat (2002)
 Romantic Comedy 101 (2002)
 Till Dad Do Us Part (2001)
 Spinning Out of Control (2001)
 Leo's Journey (2000)
 Murder at the Cannes Film Festival (2000)
 Special Delivery (2000)
 Final Ascent (2000)
 Becoming Dick (2000)
 The Man Who Used to Be Me (2000)
 The Spiral Staircase (2000)
 Best Actress (2000)
 Ice Angel (2000)
 Heaven's Fire (1999)
 Don't Look Behind You (1999)
 The Darklings (1999)
 Catch Me If You Can (1998)
 Shari's Passover Surprise (1996)
 Lamb Chop's Special Chanukah (1995)

Professional awards

References

External links

1965 births
Living people
Canadian film producers
Canadian television producers
People from


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<mask> (born 9 December 1979) is an Irish former footballer and currently the sporting director of Shamrock Rovers in the League of Ireland Premier Division. A play-making central midfielder, McPhail started his career at Leeds United in the Premier League. He subsequently found success at Cardiff City, making over 150 appearances and being part of their promotion-winning 2012–13 Football League Championship side. McPhail was capped 10 times for the Republic of Ireland national football team, scoring one goal. Early life
<mask> was born in Westminster, London, and raised in Rush, Dublin, Ireland. Club career

Leeds United
McPhail started his career by coming through the youth ranks at Leeds United. His playing style led former Arsenal manager George Graham to christen him "the new Liam Brady".He began to make an impact on the first team during the 1997–98 season, making his debut in February 1998 against Leicester City, and went on to make several substitute appearances that campaign. The highlight of his debut season was a 50-yard lob pass to Leeds and future Cardiff City teammate Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink, which some Leeds fans described as "one of the passes of the season". He started to become a regular for the side during the 1999–2000 season, after making several sub appearances, when he was given a long run in the first team squad. McPhail was rewarded with a new five-year contract at the Yorkshire club soon after. McPhail got his first Leeds goals in a league match against Chelsea at Stamford Bridge on 19 December 1999. After manager David O'Leary left, Leeds went on to have several different managers over the next few years. During this time, McPhail was hampered by injury, making it difficult to break into the team under Terry Venables or his successor Peter Reid.He was loaned out to Millwall as a means of maintaining match fitness. A second loan, this time at

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Stephen John Paul McPhail
McPhail


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 Nottingham Forest, could have been made permanent as both McPhail and Forest manager Paul Hart felt the move would be beneficial to his career, but Leeds rejected Forest's bid. During his time at Leeds, McPhail was involved in the club's 2000–01 UEFA Champions League run, appearing in memorable games against the likes of Barcelona and Lazio as Leeds reached the semi-finals. Barnsley
McPhail left Leeds in July 2004 to sign for Barnsley on a free transfer, becoming the first international player from Ireland to sign for the club since Gary Fleming in 1990. McPhail made seventy-nine appearances for the Oakwell club in two seasons of League One football, the culmination of which coming with a victory over Swansea City in the League One Play-off Final at the Millennium Stadium. McPhail's Barnsley contract expired the following summer, and the midfielder departed the newly promoted club. Cardiff City
Cardiff City saw off competition from numerous other clubs to secure McPhail's services.<mask> was an ever-present for Cardiff during his first season in Wales, and impressed to such an extent that he was handed a longer-term deal the following July. During the injury-forced absences of club captain Darren Purse and vice-captain Riccardo Scimeca, McPhail stood in as the club's skipper. On 27 October 2007 he scored for Cardiff for the first time by finding the net in a 1–1 draw with Scunthorpe United. On 30 November 2007, after an indifferent opening to the Bluebirds' campaign, McPhail spoke to local paper the South Wales Echo, claiming that the team's poor start was "all my fault". McPhail found the net twice within the space of two months with goals against Hull City and Blackpool in the Championship. McPhail also had the honour of leading Cardiff City out at Wembley for the FA Cup Final, where City were beaten by a goal to nil by Premier League side Portsmouth. The start of the


texts: 2008–09 season saw McPhail make his one hundredth appearance in all competitions for Cardiff in a 1–1 draw with Doncaster Rovers on 16 August.Two months later, he completed a centenary of league appearance in a 2–1 defeat against Wolverhampton Wanderers. On 23 September, Cardiff met rivals Swansea City in a League Cup encounter at the Liberty Stadium in the first South Wales derby to take place in seven years. <mask> was sent off in the 75th minute for a second bookable offence, as Jordi Gomez's goal won the tie for Roberto Martínez's Swansea. <mask> was dismissed once again when the two sides met at the same venue in the league, again for collecting two yellow cards. Cardiff manager Dave Jones publicly criticised McPhail, stating that "he probably cost us all three points", in his post-match press conference. McPhail picked up an injury early on in the 2009–10 season, keeping him out of the side for one month. Returning to the side on in the league encounter with Reading, <mask> was sent off for a foul on Jem Karacan.Following the end of his suspension, <mask> returned in a thumping 6–1 win against Derby County at Cardiff City Stadium, playing a part in four of City's goals. Four weeks later, he fell victim to another injury while playing against Nottingham Forest. He was originally scheduled to be out for between six and eight weeks but, on 20 November 2009, he was diagnosed with lymphoma, the disease forcing him to miss a considerably longer period. <mask> returned to Cardiff's starting eleven on 5 February 2010 in a 5–1 defeat to Newcastle United, playing 75 minutes before being substituted. In the summer of 2011, <mask> changed his number to 37, the number he wore in his first season as a professional with Leeds United. After missing the first month of the 2011–12 season, <mask> returned in a Football League Cup game against Leicester City, to be taken off after 29

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 minutes with a groin injury. He returned from the injury in October, when he made the bench on 18 October against Peterborough United.Despite a difficult season for McPhail (he again missed a large proportion of City's matches with illness), he was awarded the club's Clubman of the Year Award at the season's end. McPhail was restricted to just two cup appearances in 2012–13, with manager Malky Mackay declaring midway through the season that McPhail was available for a short-term loan. He was released at the end of the 2012–13 season. Sheffield Wednesday
On 19 September 2013, McPhail joined Championship side Sheffield Wednesday on a contract running until January 2014. Shamrock Rovers
On 13 February 2014, Shamrock Rovers announced that they had signed <mask> on a contract for the 2014 season. McPhail scored on his debut in the 2014 Setanta Sports Cup and made his league debut on the opening day of the 2014 League of Ireland season. On 5 July 2014, <mask> was sent off in a derby day win against St Pat's.In his first season McPhail made 19 league appearances for the Hoops. McPhail retired from playing in October 2016; and shortly afterwards was appointed Sporting Director of Shamrock Rovers. International career
McPhail played in the 1996 UEFA European Under-16 Football Championship scoring the winner in a group game against Poland in May 1996 and played for the Republic of Ireland national under-19 football team in the 1997 UEFA European Under-18 Football Championship finals in Iceland. He received his first senior call up in May 2000 when manager Mick McCarthy selected him in the squad for a match against Scotland. McPhail currently holds 10 caps for the Republic of Ireland national football team and has also played for the Ireland under-21 side earlier in his career however he has not earned a full cap for Ireland since a match against Nigeria in 2004. Due to some good

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 form at Cardiff he had publicly declared his hopes of returning to the international scene due to the return of an Ireland B team. In October 2006 he was named in the Republic of Ireland B squad for a match against Scotland B and captained the side in a 0–0 draw.In May 2008, new manager Giovanni Trapattoni selected McPhail for his first squad for the friendly games against Serbia and Colombia. His only goal for Ireland came on 11 June 2000 against South Africa in a 2–1 win in the 2000 U.S. Cup. International goals
Scores and results list Ireland's goal tally first

Honours
Leeds United
FA Youth Cup: 1996–97

Barnsley
League One Play-off: 2005–06

Cardiff City
FA Cup: Runner-up 2007–08
Football League Championship Play-off: Runner-up 2009–2010
Football League Cup: Runner-up 2011–12

Individual
 Cardiff City Clubman of the Year: 2012

Personal life
<mask> suffers from Sjögren's syndrome and Raynaud's phenomenon. See also
 List of Republic of Ireland international footballers born outside the Republic of Ireland

References

External links

<mask>hail player profile at football.co.uk
Republic of Ireland profile at Soccerscene

1979 births
Living people
Footballers from Westminster
Association footballers from County Dublin
Republic of Ireland association footballers
Republic of Ireland youth international footballers
Republic of Ireland B international footballers
Republic of Ireland under-21 international footballers
Republic of Ireland international footballers
Association football midfielders
Home Farm F.C. players
Leeds United F.C. players
Millwall F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C.players
Barnsley F.C. players
Cardiff City F.C. players
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Shamrock Rovers F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
League of Ireland players
Expatriate footballers in England
Irish expatriates in the United Kingdom
FA Cup Final

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<mask> (born 14 April 1977) is a British writer, novelist and cultural critic. She is the author of four works of non-fiction, To the River, The Trip to Echo Spring, The Lonely City and Everybody, as well as an essay collection, Funny Weather, and a novel, Crudo. In 2018, she was awarded the Windham-Campbell Literature Prize for non-fiction and in 2019, the 100th James Tait Black Memorial Prize for Crudo. In 2019 she became an elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. Early life and education
<mask> grew up in Chalfont St. Peter, Buckinghamshire. She enrolled at Sussex University to study English, but dropped out to live on a road protest in Dorset. At the age of 20, she spent three months living alone on an abandoned farm near Brighton, an experience she has described as being formative.In her twenties, Laing trained as a medical herbalist. Career
Between 2007 and 2009, <mask> was Deputy Books Editor of The Observer. She writes on art and culture for The Guardian, frieze and New Statesman and has written catalogue essays for many contemporary artists, including Derek Jarman, Chantal Joffe, Wolfgang Tillmans and Andy Warhol. <mask> is the author of four books of nonﬁction, each mixing cultural criticism and memoir with elements of biography, psychoanalysis, and travel writing. Her first book, To the River: A Journey Beneath the Surface, was published in 2011. Walking the length of the Ouse, the river in which Virginia Woolf drowned in 1941, Laing reflects upon Woolf's life and work and, more generally, upon the relationship between history and place, and the difficulties of biography. The book was shortlisted for the Ondaatje Prize and the Dolman Best Travel Book Award.The Trip to Echo Spring: On Writers and Drinking (2013), a ﬁnalist for both the Costa Biography Award and the Gordon Burn Prize, employs a similar tack. Travelling across America, Laing explores the difficult relationship between creativity and alcoholism, placing her own experience growing up in an alcoholic family

masks:
Olivia Laing
Olivia Laing
Laing
Laing


texts: alongside the lives of male alcoholic writers such as John Cheever, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Raymond Carver and Ernest Hemingway. In the book, she praises literature's “power to map the more difficult regions of human experience and knowledge.” According to the judges of the Windham-Campbell Prize, "this power to map the difficult, the shameful, and the grotesque, as well as the beautiful and transcendent, is inherent in her own work." Her third book, The Lonely City: Adventures in the Art of Being Alone, was aided by research Laing undertook as a recipient of the 2014 Eccles British Library Writer Award and was published in 2016. It was shortlisted for the Gordon Burn Prize and the National Book Critics Circle Award for Criticism. It has been translated into eighteen languages. Examining her own experience of solitude during a period living in New York, Laing considers how the culturally stigmatised condition of loneliness provides new insights into the work of numerous artists for whom the creative act became a means of exploring solitude and forging companionship, among them Andy Warhol, Edward Hopper, Henry Darger and David Wojnarowicz.The result is a merging of inner and outer realities, a revelatory exploration of the intense feelings of shame that loneliness can provoke as well as a vivid portrait of 1970s and 1980s New York at the peak of the AIDS crisis. <mask>'s first novel, Crudo, is a roman-à-clef about the politically turbulent summer of 2017. Written in real time over seven weeks, the novel is also an homage to Kathy Acker, on whom the protagonist is based. It was a New York Times Notable Book of 2018, and was shortlisted for the Gordon Burn Prize and the Goldsmiths Prize. In 2019, Crudo won the 100th James Tait Black Memorial Prize. According to the fiction judge, Dr Alex Lawrie: "This is fiction at its finest: a bold and reactive political novel that captures a raw slice of contemporary history with pace, charm, and wit." Writing in The New Yorker, Alexandra Schwartz described