texts:
<mask> (born 25 June 1973) is a Portuguese singer. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born in Porto, and is an only child. He enrolled at the French school of Porto when he was 5. His family moved to Belgium when he was 12. As a sport fanatic, he took a training in sports. In 1985, he was admitted into the European School of Brussels. He took part in tournaments, especially the Espérance tennis tournament.Between 1993 and 1996, he attended the Physical Education School where he took a teacher training course for regents. He then decided to attempt a musical career. He formed many hard-rock bands. He takes part in Pour la Gloire, a talent contest on the RTBF in 1997. In 1998, Alec Mansion formed a band, La Teuf, in which <mask> sang in. In 2000, the band was part of the Belgian selection for the Eurovision Song Contest with the song Soldat de l’amour. He got through to the finals, but he was eliminated and the band split the same year.Alec Mansion noticed the beauty of his voice and hired him for different projects and chorus sessions in Belgium. In 1999, the singer played the part of Gontrand in the musical La Belle et la Bête, with Luc de Walter (The Voice, Belgium). The same year, <mask> got into the band Apy and recorded a rerun of Lio’s Banana Split. From musicals to Eurovision (2000–08)

In 2000, under the pseudonym of <mask>, he sings Allez, allez, allez, the official song of the Belgian football team nicknamed Les Diables rouges. From 2000 to the end of 2002, <mask> Resende is an understudy in Roméo et Juliette, de la Haine à l'Amour, by Gérard Presgurvic. The cast wins the NRJ Music Award of the Francophone song in 2001. In 2003, he takes part in the musical Les Demoiselles de Rochefort.Composed by Alec Mansion and Frédéric

masks:
Nuno Rede
Nuno
Nuno
Nuno
Nuno
Nuno


type: original

texts:
 Zeitoun, Le grand soir (The Big Night) is the song he defends at the Eurovision Contest in 2005, for Belgium. He does not get through to the finals, with only 29 points, and ends 22nd out of 25 contestants at the semi-finals. In 2007, he plays the leading part in the musical Aladin, with Florence Coste, at the Palais des congrès de Paris and then in the French Zéniths. <mask> is nominated to the Marius for his performance. From September 2008 to January 2009 he plays the parts of Roger and Dany in the musical Grease in Paris. The production is nominated to the Globes de Cristal Award in 2009. Mozart l’opéra rock and Adam et Eve, la seconde chance (2009–2012)
At the beginning of 2009, he gets back with the cast of Roméo et Juliette, les enfants de Vérone; for a tour in South Korea where he is the understudy of both Roméo and Benvolio.Then he tours with the musical Aladin in the French Zeniths until May 2009. From 2009 to 2011, he enters into the troupe of Mozart, l'opéra rock as the understudy of Mikelangelo Loconte. He interprets also the parts of Gottlieb Stéphanie and Joseph Lange. He was given the opportunity to play Mozart for the first time on 29 April 2010 for the show premiere in Brussels (Belgium), and once again on 13 May in Lyon (France). The show wins two NRJ Music Awards : the Francophone song of the year and the French band-duet-cast of 2010. In 2012, he plays the part of Snake, in the musical Adam et Ève : La Seconde Chance by Pascal Obispo at the Palais des sports de Paris along with Thierry Amiel and Cylia, the major actors in the show. The tour which should have started in September 2012 is cancelled, for lack of money.In October 2012, he joins the troupe of the musical Erzsebeth which inspired from Elizabeth Bathory’s


texts:
 life, the famous Hungarian countess. <mask> plays the part of Thurzo, Elizabeth's lover. The musical took place in Belgium. From The Voice to Latin lovers (2013–14)

<mask> is in the second season of The Voice (France). He gets into Florent Pagny’s team and gets through to the finals. He finishes third, behind Olympe and the winner Yoann Fréget. He is one of the eight contestants qualified for The Voice Tour which plays in the French Zeniths and in Lebanon.During the summer, he is invited in various festivals and among others, Festival d'Avignon, where he sings some French and international standards. He released a DVD from his concerts called Interlude Musical. From October to January 2014, he played the part of Maître Grigri, a.k.a. Jiminy Cricket in Pinocchio in Paris with, among others Vanessa Cailhol, Pablo Villafranca and Sophie Delmas. Couper les Liens, one of the songs he sings is nominated for the French Prix de la Création musicale in 2014. In 2014, he joins the band Latin Lovers with Julio Iglesias Jr. and Damien Sargue. In October, he plays the role of the Idole in Salut les copains.Charity involvement
<mask> Resende takes regularly part in charity concerts. In 2012, he sings at the Foot Concert, created by Michaël Jones and Joël Bats, in aid of the Huntington Avenir Association. In 2013, he is also on stage with Yannick Noah and they sing for the association Les Enfants de la Terre. He takes part to the concert Freddie for a Day organized by the Mercury Phoenix Trust which collects funds for the associations against AIDS. He joins the band of artists of Les grandes voix des Comédies Musicales chantent pour les enfants hospitalisés with, among others, Renaud Hantson, Mikelangelo Loconte and Lââm for the single Un faux

masks: Nuno Nuno Nuno


texts:
<mask> (born December 28, 1979) is an American former professional tennis player. He was known for his speed and powerful, flat forehand. During his career, <mask> amassed 24 singles finals appearances (winning 10 of them), while his career-high singles ranking was world No. 4. His career highlights included reaching the final of the 2006 Tennis Masters Cup, the semifinals of the 2008 Beijing Olympics (upsetting world No. 1 Roger Federer en route), the quarterfinals of the 2008 Australian Open and 2005 and 2006 US Open, as well as two titles at the Hopman Cup (2003, 2004) and being the American men's singles No. 1.<mask> was a key performer for the victorious United States 2007 Davis Cup team, going 2–0 in the championship tie vs. Russia at second singles. In 2005, <mask> was presented with the Comeback Player of the Year award for his remarkable return to the tour. Later, in 2008, <mask> was awarded another honor by the ATP, where he was named the Arthur Ashe Humanitarian of the Year. <mask>'s autobiography, Breaking Back: How I Lost Everything and Won Back My Life, co-written with Andrew Friedman, discussed his comeback after his 2004 season. It was released on July 3. 2007, and debuted at No. 22 on the New York Times Best Seller list.<mask> announced that he would retire from professional tennis after the 2013 US Open, where he suffered a first round singles loss in five sets against Ivo Karlovic and a 6–2, 2–6, 2–6 doubles loss. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Yonkers, New York, to an African American father, Thomas Reynolds <mask>, and a British mother, Betty. He has a brother Thomas, who has also been a professional tennis

masks:
James Riley Blake
Blake
Blake
Blake
Blake
Blake
Blake
Blake
Blake


texts:
 player, and three older half-brothers: Jason, Christopher, and Howard, and a half-sister Michelle. <mask> started playing tennis at the age of five alongside his older brother Thomas. When he was 13, he was diagnosed with severe scoliosis, and for five years as a teenager he was forced to wear a full-length back brace for 18 hours a day, though not while playing tennis. The <mask> family moved to Fairfield, Connecticut when <mask>'s father's job selling surgical supplies took him from New York to Hartford, Connecticut. <mask> attended Fairfield High School, where a schoolmate and childhood friend was future musician John Mayer.<mask> was inspired to pursue tennis after hearing his role model Arthur Ashe speak to the Harlem Junior Tennis Program. Brian Barker was his first (and longtime) coach. <mask> left Harvard University, where he was a member of the A.D. Club, after his sophomore year to pursue a career in professional tennis. Career

2001–2004: Making name and breaking neck

2001
At the age of 21, <mask> saw his first Davis Cup action in 2001 against India and became the third person of African-American heritage to play for the Davis Cup for the United States (after Arthur Ashe and MaliVai Washington). Ranked no. 120 in the world, <mask> accepted a wild card into Cincinnati Masters. He beat a qualifier and Arnaud Clément to reach the round of 16, where he met Patrick Rafter.<mask> came close to winning the first set (falling in a tiebreak), and after dropping the second set, Rafter, according to <mask>'s autobiography, complimented him at the net and boosted his confidence immeasurably by saying, "Now do you believe you can beat someone

masks: Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake


texts:
 like me, or even me?" <mask>'s name became more recognizable worldwide after he pushed the eventual champion Lleyton Hewitt to five sets at the US Open. 2002
In January 2002, <mask> won the 2002 USTA Waikoloa Challenger in Hawaii. A month later in Memphis he posted his first win over a top-10 ranked opponent, Tommy Haas, who was then ranked no. 5, and reached the final, losing to Andy Roddick. He reached the quarterfinals at the ATP Masters Series (AMS) event in Rome in May and the final at Newport in July. In August, in Cincinnati, he won his first career ATP Tour title and his first ATP Masters Series title: it came in doubles with Todd Martin, making <mask> the first African-American male to win a title of any kind in Cincinnati's 101-year history.He was also the first African-American to reach a final in Cincinnati since 1969, when Arthur Ashe reached the doubles finals with Charlie Pasarell. The next week in Washington, he won his first ATP Tour singles title, beating Andre Agassi in the semifinals and Paradorn Srichaphan in the final. At the US Open, he reached the third round, where he again faced the top-ranked and world number one Lleyton Hewitt for the rematch of the previous year. In an entertaining match <mask> was again defeated in five sets. 2003
In 2003, his best results were a quarterfinals appearance at Indian Wells; a round of 16 finish at the Australian Open, Cincinnati, and Miami; a semifinal appearance at San Jose, and a finals appearance at Long Island, where he lost to Srichaphan. <mask> was eliminated from the US Open in the 3rd round by Roger Federer. 2004
2004 was a difficult year for <mask>.In May, while practicing

masks: Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake


texts:
 with Robby Ginepri for the Masters event in Rome, he broke his neck when he slipped on the clay and collided with the net post. <mask> fractured his seventh vertebra, but did not sustain any nerve damage and was ultimately able to make a full recovery from the injury. In July, his father died of stomach cancer. At the same time, <mask> developed shingles, which temporarily paralyzed half his face and blurred his vision. 2005–2008: Rising to the elite and Top 10 years

2005
<mask>'s injuries and personal issues caused him to post relatively poor results for the first half of 2005. By April his ranking was 210. He decided to play the Challenger circuit, the "minor leagues" of tennis, in order to regain confidence and get more matches.In May he entered events in Tunica, Mississippi and Forest Hills, New York, and won both. He rejoined the ATP circuit and by August reached the final at the International Series event in Washington, D.C., where he fell to Roddick. He was given a wild card into AMS Cincinnati, drawing Federer in the first round. He then won the Pilot Pen Tennis tournament in New Haven, Connecticut, defeating Feliciano López in the final. After New Haven he was ranked 49. <mask> accepted a wildcard into the US Open where he had a memorable run. After defeating No.2 Rafael Nadal in the round of 32, <mask> beat Tommy Robredo in four sets to reach the quarterfinals where he faced Andre Agassi. The late-evening match is considered one of the greatest classics in the tournament's history. <mask> was up two sets and a break in the third when Agassi made a comeback to eventually win in a fifth-set tiebreak. After the match Agassi said, "I


texts:
 wasn't the winner, tennis was". Later in October at the Stockholm Open, <mask> won his third ATP tour title, defeating Srichaphan in the final. <mask> finished 2005 ranked 22 in the world. 2006
At the beginning of 2006, <mask> won the title at Sydney, taking his fourth ATP tour title defeating Russian Igor Andreev in the final.At the Australian Open he was seeded 20th, and despite losing in the third round to Spaniard Tommy Robredo he broke into the Top 20 for the first time in his career. In March he beat Hewitt in the final at Las Vegas for his fifth ATP tour title. At the first AMS event of the year Indian Wells, <mask> defeated Robredo in the third round and world No. 2 Nadal in the semifinals, reaching his first career ATP Masters Series singles final, losing in the final to Federer. By reaching the final, <mask> became the first African-American man since Arthur Ashe to reach the world's top 10. At the French Open he defeated Spaniard Nicolás Almagro in four sets in the second round, to become the last remaining American, and then was beaten by Frenchman Gaël Monfils in five sets. Beginning the grass court season at the Stella Artois Championships, he defeated Andy Roddick in the semifinals, losing to Lleyton Hewitt in the final.Ranked No. 5, <mask> took part in the International Series at Indianapolis. He won the singles title, defeating Roddick (for the second time in 2006). At the US Open he reached the quarterfinals, losing to top seed and defending champion Roger Federer. In that match <mask> won his first ever set against Federer, winning the third set in a tiebreaker 11–9. In his debut appearance at the Thailand Open in Bangkok,

masks: Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake


texts:
 <mask> won his seventh singles title, defeating Jarkko Nieminen in the quarterfinals, Marat Safin in the semifinals, and Ivan Ljubičić (for the first time) in the final. Two weeks later <mask> won his fifth title of 2006, defending his 2005 title in Stockholm, defeating Jarkko Nieminen.For the first time, <mask> qualified for the Tennis Masters Cup in Shanghai. He went 2–1 in the Gold Group, defeating No. 2 Nadal and No. 3 Nikolay Davydenko, while losing to No. 6 Tommy Robredo. He qualified for the semifinals, beating defending champion David Nalbandian, losing the final to Federer. <mask> finished 2006 at a career-high World Number 4 and as the highest-ranked American tennis player.2007
In 2007 <mask> won at the Sydney International for the second consecutive year. However, he then suffered a disappointing loss in the Round of 16 at the Australian Open, losing to tenth seed and eventual finalist Fernando González. In February, <mask> made it to the final of the Delray Beach tournament, but lost it to the Belgian Xavier Malisse in three tight sets. At the 2007 Tennis Channel Open in Las Vegas, as the defending champion, he was involved with a deep controversy. It was one of the several tournaments experimenting with the new round robin format, and <mask> had lost his first match to Evgeny Korolev. Korolev lost his other match to Juan Martín del Potro. In order to advance to the quarterfinals, <mask> had to defeat Del Potro in straight sets while losing five games or less.This would result in a three-way tie, with <mask> losing the fewest games. With <mask> leading 6–1, 3–1, Del Potro retired. This eliminated Del Potro from the three-way tie as


texts: he failed to complete one of his matches. Korolev then moved on to the next round, breaking the tie as he had defeated <mask> in their direct match. Soon after, the organizers overruled the tournament guidelines, giving <mask> a place in the quarterfinals. The following morning however, they changed the decision once again and as a result, Korolev re-advanced to the quarterfinals, while <mask> was sent away from the tournament. Shortly after this incident, the ATP decided to cancel the round robin format, reverting any tournaments planning a round robin draw to the standard single-elimination draw.During the summer hardcourt season, he advanced to his second career ATP Masters Series final. At AMS Cincinnati, he beat Alejandro Falla, Nicolas Kiefer, Juan Carlos Ferrero, Sam Querrey and Nikolay Davydenko en route to the final before falling to Roger Federer. He won the singles title at Penn Pilot in New Haven, Connecticut, and reached the final at Los Angeles, losing to Radek Štěpánek in three sets after having three set points in the first set. In the second round of the 2007 US Open, he won his first career five-set match against Fabrice Santoro. <mask> made it to the fourth round, where he lost to No. 10 Tommy Haas in five sets, despite having match points in the fifth set. In September <mask> and the rest of the US Davis Cup team defeated Sweden to reach the finals against Russia.<mask> lost in the third round of Paris to Richard Gasquet and thus finished outside the top eight players, losing his chance to defend the points he gained as finalist in the 2006 Tennis Masters Cup. In the 2007 Davis Cup finals <mask> won his match against Mikhail


texts:
 Youzhny after Andy Roddick had beaten Dmitry Tursunov in the first rubber. The next day Bob and Mike Bryan won the doubles rubber over Igor Andreev and Nikolay Davydenko, sealing the Davis Cup win for the United States. <mask> also defeated Tursunov in the last match of the finals to give Team USA 4–1 win. 2008
At the Australian Open, <mask> defeated his first round opponent, Chilean Nicolás Massú. He then defeated compatriot Michael Russell. In the third round, he fought back from two sets down to beat French veteran Sébastien Grosjean who had beaten him in each of their three previous meetings.In the fourth round, <mask> beat Marin Čilić in three sets to advance to the quarterfinals, his best showing yet down under. In the quarterfinal, <mask> faced world No. 1 Roger Federer, and fell in straight sets. Although out of the Australian Open, <mask>'s ranking jumped back into the Top 10 to No. 9 following his best performance in the tournament yet. In Delray Beach, <mask> made it to the final for the second consecutive year, but fell to No. 244 Kei Nishikori of Japan in three sets in the final.At the 2008 Pacific Life Open, <mask> reached the quarter-finals before losing to Rafael Nadal in three sets. They met again in the next tournament at the 2008 Miami Masters also in the quarter-finals, and again <mask> lost to Nadal in three sets. <mask> then started the clay court season at the River Oaks International tournament in Houston, Texas. In his second ATP final of the year and his first career clay-court final, <mask> fell to Spaniard Marcel Granollers Pujol. In August 2008, <mask> represented the United States as one of its three men's singles

masks: Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake


texts:
 tennis players in the Beijing Olympics. In the quarterfinals, he gained one of the biggest wins of his career with his first ever win over Roger Federer 6–4, 7–6. At the time, Federer was ranked as the world's No.1 men's player. His semifinal match was against Fernando González, the Men's Singles bronze medalist at the 2004 Olympics in Athens. <mask> had a triple match point in the final set, but would go on to lose 11–9. He then lost the bronze medal match to Serbian Novak Djokovic. In the US Open, <mask> was stretched to a 5 set thriller against American teenager Donald Young in the first round. <mask> easily won his second round match after Steve Darcis retired and then lost to friend and fellow American Mardy Fish in the third round in straight sets. 2009–2013: Later years

2009

<mask> defeated Frank Dancevic in the first round of the Australian Open.His success continued in the second round after deposing of Frenchman Sébastien de Chaunac in a match laden with spectator noise and bad line calls. <mask> went on to face the 18th seed, Igor Andreev, in the third round and beat him. He lost in the fourth round in straight sets to the 2008 runner-up Jo-Wilfried Tsonga. At the 2009 Estoril Open <mask> advanced to his first clay-court final on European soil, after beating second seed and former Estoril Open champion Nikolay Davydenko in a rain-interrupted semi-final that was carried over due to bad light. <mask> was defeated by Spain's Albert Montañés later that day in the finals. The 28-year-old Montanes saved two match points at 4–5 in the second set and fought back to beat fourth-seeded <mask> in two hours and 14 minutes. At the Aegon

masks: Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake


texts:
 Championships at Queen's Club, <mask> defeated Ivan Ljubičić, Sam Querrey, and Mikhail Youzhny to reach the semi-finals.He then reached the final after Andy Roddick retired with an ankle injury in the first set when the score was tied at 4 games all. He then went on to lose in the final to Andy Murray. After being eliminated in the first round of the singles, <mask> partnered with compatriot Mardy Fish at the Wimbledon Men's Doubles. The Americans advanced to the semi-finals where they lost to defending champions Daniel Nestor and Nenad Zimonjić despite winning the first two sets. Following a 3rd round loss at the 2009 US Open to Spain's Tommy Robredo, <mask> split with longtime coach Brian Barker. He was replaced by Kelly Jones. 2010
At the 2010 Australian Open, <mask> lost to fourth seed and US Open champion Juan Martín del Potro in the second round in five sets (8–10 final set).He then missed the clay court season due to a knee injury. <mask> returned to action at Wimbledon, where he lost in the first round to Robin Haase, during which <mask> accused ESPN commentator and former WTA player Pam Shriver of disrupting play due to her overly loud commentary from the box situated above the court behind him. This led to a verbal exchange between the two during the match. After the match, <mask> declared that if his knee problems did not subside he would consider retirement. <mask>, who refused to take any anti-inflammatories for his knee, called his performance "embarrassing" and said "I can't beat these guys at 80 percent." Despite these comments, <mask> played the US Summer hard court season, and reached the third round of the 2010 US Open, where

masks: Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake Blake


texts:
 he lost to eventual finalist Novak Djokovic. <mask> finished the year ranked outside the Top 100 for the first time since 2000.2011-2013
Between the beginning of 2011-2013, <mask> remained ranked outside the world's top 50, due to recurring injuries and loss of form. During the three seasons, he reached a single ATP-tour semifinal, at the 2011 Stockholm Open. At the US Open in August 2013, <mask> announced his retirement. Playing style

<mask> was primarily an offensive baseliner. <mask> was known for possessing one of the most powerful forehands in the game, with a solid transition game, and an effective serve and volley. <mask> also possessed extremely quick footwork, although many claimed that he needed to work on changing direction. <mask>'s reputation as a "shotmaker," combined with potentially high-error flat groundstrokes made his style of play notably flashy, characterized by both a high number of winners and unforced errors.In turn, this made <mask>'s game somewhat streaky, as evidenced by his playing history. Equipment and endorsements
<mask> worked with Prince to create a new racquet with Prince's O3 technology. However, he did not feel comfortable with this racquet. So, he switched back to the Dunlop Sport Aerogel 200, then the 4D 200, for the 2009 season. He changed to Wilson at the start of the 2010 season, using the new Six.One Tour strung with Luxilon Big Banger Alu Power 16L strings at high tension (60+ pounds). He did not feel comfortable with this racquet either. Therefore, he switched back to Dunlop again.After the US Open of 2010, he began to test out rackets for Head. As August 26, 2011, he announced he will use Donnay


texts:
 rackets as his choice and using a customized Donnay X-Dual Pro. His clothing sponsor is Fila, with whom he started working in 2009 after using Nike for most his career. He has his own clothing line named Thomas Reynolds Collection after his father. <mask> signed an endorsement deal with Evian in 2005 and his contract was extended in 2008. Personal life
<mask> married publicist Emily Snider in Del Mar, California, in 2012. The couple have two daughters.<mask> enjoys golf and basketball, and is a fan of the New York Mets. He was featured on Bravo's second edition of Celebrity Poker Showdown but placed 2nd after losing to Maura Tierney. <mask> was also a red pro on Full Tilt Poker, though he has not been active there since shortly before Black Friday. He appeared in People magazine's Sexiest Man Alive issue. He is good friends with singer/songwriter John Mayer, who also attended Fairfield High School. When <mask> was invited by Virginia's Anthem to do a cancer charity game honoring his late father, he invited Mayer, Andy Roddick, and Gavin DeGraw to perform. 2015 NYPD incident
On September 9, 2015, <mask> was thrown down to the sidewalk, handcuffed, and arrested by a plainclothes New York City Police Department officer in front of the Grand Hyatt New York after being mistaken for a suspect of interest.The officers were relying on a witness and photo of a suspect that looked similar to <mask>: they mistook him for a credit-card fraud suspect staying in the same hotel. Commissioner William Bratton apologized for the mistake and stated the "arrest raised serious questions about [the officer's] actions" but denied allegations of racism. <mask> sued,


texts:
 but withdrew his claim, saying he wasn't looking for financial compensation, "on the condition that the city establish a legal fellowship to investigate police misconduct and advocate for victims of brutality". The violence of the arrest has prompted <mask> to take a more active stand on police brutality against minorities. He has requested a meeting with Bratton and New York Mayor Bill de Blasio. He has also written a book, Ways of Grace: Stories of Activism, Adversity, and How Sports Can Bring Us Together, published in June 2017 that details the incident and his shift to activism as a result. <mask> was subsequently sued for defamation by the officer that had mistakenly arrested <mask> as the book portrayed the officer "as a racist and a goon".The lawsuit was dismissed by a judge in September 2018. Philanthropy
In 2008 <mask> established The James Blake Foundation, which "invests vital seed money at the leading-edge of science: speed up the most promising work, and shortening the time it takes to turn lab discoveries into better treatments for patients." Since 2005, he has hosted Anthem Live!, a charity tennis exhibition and musical event in Virginia and New York City to raise money for cancer research. In July 2008, <mask> established the <mask>, Sr. Memorial Research Fund to support cancer research at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. The fund was named in memory of his father, who died from gastric cancer in 2004. Nike and Fila, which sponsored <mask>, created T-shirts for <mask>'s charity, the J-Block program, and proceeds went to the Cancer Research Fund. As of 2019, the most recent year for which IRS data has been published,

masks:
Blake
Blake
Blake
Blake
Blake
Thomas Blake
Blake
Blake


texts:
 Charity Navigator, which evaluates charities, gives the Blake Foundation a failing Encompass Rating Score of 15 out of 100.Significant finals

Olympic Games

Singles: 1 (1 runner-up)

Year-end championships finals

Singles: 1 (1 runner-up)

Masters 1000 finals

Singles: 2 (2 runners-up)

Doubles: 1 (1 title)

ATP career finals

Singles: 24 (10 titles, 14 runners-up)

Doubles: 10 (7 titles, 3 runners-up)

Team tournaments: 3 (3–0)

Performance timelines

Singles

Doubles

Top 10 wins

References

Further reading
<mask>, <mask>; Friedman, Andrew L. (2007). Breaking back : How I lost everything and won back my life. New York: Harper Collins. External links

<mask> official website

1979 births
Living people
African-American male tennis players
American male tennis players
American people of English descent
Harvard Crimson men's tennis players
Olympic tennis players of the United States
Sportspeople from Fairfield, Connecticut
Sportspeople from Yonkers, New York
Tennis people from Connecticut
Tennis players from Tampa, Florida
Tennis people from New York (state)
Tennis players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Hopman Cup competitors
American autobiographers
Writers from New York (state)
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American

masks:
Blake
James
James Blake


texts:
<mask> (15 February 1931 – 13 June 2008) was a South African ballet dancer who became well known in Britain as a ballerina of the Sadler's Wells Theatre Ballet and as a soloist with the Royal Ballet. Early life and training
<mask> was born as Patricia Mills in Zululand, a district of Natal province (now KwaZulu-Natal) on the Indian Ocean coast of South Africa. When she was about 13 years old, in 1944, her family took her to Johannesburg, in the northern province of Transvaal (now Gauteng). There she studied with the best ballet teachers in the city, including Marjorie Sturman, a specialist in the Cecchetti method, and Reina Berman, who had been trained by Cecchetti principles before switching to the syllabus of the Royal Academy of Dancing (RAD). In 1946, soon after World War II had ended and peace had returned to Europe, Mills left South Africa and emigrated to the UK, having won an RAD scholarship to attend the Sadler's Wells Ballet School in London. After only a year's tuition there, she was taken into the corps of the Sadler's Wells Theatre Ballet. It was at this point that she adopted her professional name.The company then included a South African dancer named Patricia Miller, so a name change from Patricia Mills was essential: <mask> <mask>, distinctively spelled, was her choice. Professional career
The Sadler's Wells Theatre Ballet was then a small, young troupe founded by Ninette de Valois to nurture dancers and choreographers after the

masks:
Maryon Lane
Maryon Lane
Maryon
Lane


texts: parent company, the Sadler's Wells Ballet, became resident at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. Owing to the need to replenish the depleted roster of leading dancers, <mask> rose rapidly through the ranks. By 1948, at age 17, she had been named a principal dancer and was appearing in prominent roles in works by de Valois and Frederick Ashton, the chief choreographer of the company. Petite, with dark hair, a pretty, oval face, and ideal proportions, she possessed a vivid personality, a firm technique, and an innate musicality. De Valois considered her the type of dancer that was most valuable of all: not a great star but a repertory dancer capable of demi-caractère and dramatic work as well as the purely classical. Throughout her career, <mask> was admired for her musicality, attack, and sheer domination of the stage.In repertory works, she displayed great charm in such lighthearted roles as Swanilda in Coppélia, Lise in Ashton's La Fille Mal Gardée, and the title characters in John Cranko's Pineapple Poll and Léonide Massine's Mam'zelle Angot, but she was also effective as the vapid Ballerina in Michel Fokine's Petrushka, as the Betrayed Girl in de Valois's The Rake's Progress, and as the adulterous, runaway Bride in Alfred Rodrigues's Blood Wedding. She was praised for her execution of the notoriously demanding and often unrewarding fairy variations in the prologue to The Sleeping Beauty as well as for her performance as the Princess Aurora,

masks: Lane Lane


texts:
 the title role. Her greatest contribution at the time, however, was the part she played in the creation of new ballets, in particular those of the young Kenneth MacMillan. In 1955, MacMillan cast <mask> in a principal role in Danses Concertantes, set to the Stravinsky score and with designs by Nicholas Georgiadis, then also at the beginning of a great career. The success of the ballet was such that de Valois immediately transferred it, and <mask>, to the main company at the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden. <mask> would finish her performing career there as a solo dancer in 1968. Roles created
Among the roles that <mask> created in new works or productions are the following.1947. Valses Nobles et Sentimentales, choreography by Frederick Ashton, music by Maurice Ravel. Role: principal dancer. 1950. Trumpet Concerto, choreography by George Balanchine, music by Franz Joseph Haydn. Role: principal dancer, with Svetlana Beriosova, David Blair, Elaine Fifield, David Poole, Pirmin Trecu, and corps de ballet. 1951.Casse Noisette (The Nutcracker), choreography by Frederick Ashton, music by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Role: Crystallized Flower, leader of the corps de ballet in "Waltz of the Flowers." 1953. Somnamabulism, choreography by Kenneth MacMillan, music by Stan Kenton, arranged by John Lanchbery. Role: pas de trois with David Poole and Kenneth MacMillan. 1954. Café des Sports, choreography by Alfred Rodrigues, music by Antony Hopkins.Role: Urchin.

masks: Lane Lane Lane Lane


texts: 1954. Laiderette, choreography by Kenneth MacMillan, music by Frank Martin. Role: Clown, dancing an extended pas de deux with David Poole and a pas de trois with Poole and Johaar Mosaval; an all-South African cast. 1955. Danses Concertantes, choreography by Kenneth MacMillan, music by Igor Stravinsky. Role: principal dancer.1955. House of Birds, choreography by Kenneth MacMillan, music by Federico Mompou, arranged by John Lanchbery. Role: pas de trois with David Poole and Doreen Tempest. 1955. Madame Chrysanthème, choreography by Frederick Ashton, music by Alan Rawsthorne. Role: Madame Chrysanthème, at the New York premiere at the Metropolitan Opera House. 1956.Noctambules, choreography by Kenneth MacMillan, music by Humphrey Searle. Role: Hypnotist's Assistant, with Leslie Edwards as the Hypnotist, Nadia Nerina as the Faded Beauty, Desmond Doyle as the Rich Man, Anya Linden as the Poor Girl, and Brian Shaw as the Soldier. 1957. The Prince of the Pagodas, choreography by John Cranko, music by Benjamin Britten. Role: Belle Rose. 1958. Ondine, choreography by Frederick Ashton, music by Hans Werner Henze.Role: dancer in lead couple, with Brian Shaw, of a divertissement with Merle Park, Doreenb Wells, Peter Clegg, Pirmin Trecu, and corps de ballet. 1958. Agon, choreography by Kenneth MacMillan, music by Igor Stravinsky. Role: principal dancer. 1961. Diversions, choreography by Kenneth MacMillan, music by Arthur Bliss. Role: a pas de quatre with


texts:
 Svetlana Beriosova, Donald MacLeary, and Graham Usher.Personal and later life
<mask> was married to her Royal Ballet colleague David Blair, with whom she had twin daughters in 1960. In 1961, Blair was promoted to be Margot Fonteyn's regular partner but was soon overshadowed by the arrival of Rudolf Nureyev in 1962. Both <mask> and Blair, along with other leading dancers of the company, sank into relative obscurity in the blaze of publicity about the partnership of Fonteyn and Nureyev. After leaving the Royal Ballet in 1968, <mask> occasionally made guest appearances with London Festival Ballet, Ballet Rambert, and her former home company. She found a new vocation, however, as an inspired and inspiring teacher at the London Ballet Centre. She then taught at the Royal Ballet and Ballet Rambert schools and with other companies, schools and seminars. In middle age, after her husband died in 1976, she went to live in Cyprus, a former British stronghold in the eastern Mediterranean.There she settled in the Greek Cypriot town of Kyrenia, a thriving cultural centre and popular tourist destination on the northern coast of the island, where she founded her own small school, the Maryon Lane Ballet Academy. After some years of teaching local students, she died in 2008, at age 77. References

1931 births
2008 deaths
Prima ballerinas
South African ballerinas
Dancers of The Royal Ballet
South African emigrants to Cyprus
People from Natal
People educated at the

masks: Lane Lane Lane


texts:
<mask>, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (c. 127523 June 1324) was a Anglo-French nobleman. Though primarily active in England, he also had strong connections with the French royal house. One of the wealthiest and most powerful men of his age, he was a central player in the conflicts between Edward II of England and his nobility, particularly Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster. <mask> was one of the Lords Ordainers appointed to restrict the power of Edward II and his favourite Piers Gaveston. His position changed with the great insult he suffered when Gaveston, as a prisoner in his custody whom he had sworn to protect, was removed and beheaded on the instigation of Lancaster. This led <mask> into close and lifelong cooperation with the King. Later in life, however, political circumstances combined with financial difficulties would cause him problems, driving him away from the centre of power.Though earlier historians saw <mask> as the head of a "middle party", between the extremes of Lancaster and the king, the modern consensus is that he remained essentially loyal to Edward throughout most of his career. <mask> was married twice, and left no legitimate issue, though he did have a bastard son. He is today remembered primarily through his wife <mask> St Pol's foundation of Pembroke College, Cambridge, and for his splendid tomb that can still be seen in Westminster Abbey. He was also an important figure in the wars surrounding the attempted English occupation of Scotland. Family and early years
Aymer was the son of <mask> Valence, son of Hugh X, Count of La Marche and Isabella of Angoulême. William was Henry III's half-brother through his mother's prior marriage to King John, and as such gained a central position in the Kingdom of England. He had come to the earldom of

masks:
Aymer de Valence
Pembroke
Pembroke
Pembroke
Pembroke
Marie de
William de


texts:
 Pembroke through his marriage to <mask> Munchensi, granddaughter of William Marshal.Aymer was the third son of his family, so little is known of his birth and early years. He is believed to have been born some time between 1270 and 1275. As his father was on crusade with Lord Edward until January 1273, a date towards the end of this period is more likely. With the death in battle in Wales of his remaining brother William in 1282 (John, the elder brother, was dead in 1277), Aymer found himself heir to the Earldom of Pembroke. He married Béatrice <mask> sometime before October 1295. <mask> Valence died in 1296, and Aymer inherited his father's French lands, but had to wait until his mother died in 1307 to succeed to the Earldom. In 1320, his first wife Béatrice <mask> died.In 1321, Aymer married his second wife Marie de St Pol. Through inheritance and marriages his lands consisted ofapart from the county palatine in Pembrokeshireproperty spread out across England primarily in a strip from Gloucestershire to East Anglia, in south-east Ireland (Wexford), and French lands in the Poitou and Calais areas. In 1297 he accompanied Edward I on a campaign to Flanders, and seems to have been knighted by this time. With his French connections he was in the following years a valuable diplomat in France for the English King. He also served as a military commander in Scotland, fighting against Robert the Bruce. In 1306 at the Battle of Methven he won the day over Bruce in a sneak attack, only to be soundly defeated by Bruce at Loudoun Hill the next year. Ordinances and Piers Gaveston
Edward I died in 1307 and was succeeded by his son Edward II.The new King at first enjoyed the good will of his nobility, Valence among them. Conflict soon ensued, however, connected

masks:
Joan de
de Clermont
William de
de Clermont


texts:
 especially with the enormous unpopularity of Edward's favourite Piers Gaveston. Gaveston's arrogance towards the peers, and his control over Edward, united the Baronage in opposition to the King. In 1311 the initiative known as the Ordinances was introduced, severely limiting Royal powers in financial matters and in the appointment of officers. Equally important, Gaveston was expelled from the realm, as Edward I had already done once before. <mask>, who was not among the most radical of the Ordainers, and had earlier been sympathetic with the King, had now realised the necessity of exiling Gaveston. When Gaveston without permission returned from exile later the same year, a Baronial council entrusted <mask> and the Earl of Surrey, with the task of taking him into custody.This they did on 19 May 1312, but not long after Thomas of Lancaster, acting with the Earls of Warwick, Hereford and Arundel, seized Gaveston and executed him on 19 June. This act had the effect of garnering support for the King, and marginalising the rebellious earls. As far as <mask> was concerned, the seizing and execution of a prisoner in his custody was a breach of the most fundamental chivalric codes, and a serious affront to his honour. The event must therefore be seen as pivotal in turning his sympathies away from the rebels and towards the King. Later years

In the following years <mask> worked closely with the King. He was appointed the King's lieutenant in Scotland in 1314, and was present at the disastrous English defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn, where he helped lead Edward away from the field of battle. In 1317, however, while returning from a papal embassy to Avignon, he was captured by a <mask> Lamouilly, and held for ransom in Germany.The ransom of £10,400 was to cause

masks:
Pembroke
Pembroke
Pembroke
Pembroke
Jean de


texts:
 <mask> significant financial difficulties for the remainder of his life. Although ostracised because of the murder of Gaveston, Thomas of Lancaster had regained virtual control of royal government in the period after England's defeat at Bannockburn. Proving himself as incapable to rule as Edward, however, he soon grew unpopular. <mask> was one of the magnates who in the years 1316–1318 tried to prevent civil war from breaking out between the supporters of Edward and those of Lancaster, and he helped negotiate the Treaty of Leake in Nottinghamshire in 1318, restoring Edward to power. Peace did not last long, however, as the King by now had taken on Hugh Despenser the Younger as another favourite, in much the same position as Gaveston. <mask>'s attempts at reconciliation eventually failed, and civil war broke out in 1321. In 1322 Lancaster was defeated at the Battle of Boroughbridge in what is now North Yorkshire, and executed.<mask> was among the Earls behind the conviction. Also in 1322, <mask> founded a leper hospital in Gravesend. After Boroughbridge <mask> found himself in a difficult situation. The opponents of Hugh Despenser and his father had lost all faith in him, but at the same time he found himself marginalised at court where the Despensers' power grew more and more complete. On top of this came his financial problems. On 23 June 1324, while on an embassy to France, he suddenly collapsed and died while lodging somewhere in Picardy. Legacy

T. F. Tout in 1914, one of the first historians to make a thorough academic study of the period, considered <mask> the one favourable exception in an age of small-minded and incompetent leaders.Tout wrote of a "middle party", led by <mask>, representing a moderate position between the extremes of Edward and

masks: Pembroke Pembroke Pembroke Pembroke Pembroke Pembroke Pembroke Pembroke


texts:
 Lancaster. This "middle party" supposedly took control of royal government through the Treaty of Leake in 1318. In his authoritative study of 1972, J. R. S. Phillips rejects this view. In spite of misgivings with the King's favourites, <mask> was consistently loyal to Edward. What was accomplished in 1318 was not the takeover by a "middle party", but simply a restoration of royal power. Aymer and his sister Agnes rented one of the old manor houses of Dagenham in Essex, which has been called Valence House ever since; it is now a museum. Aymer married twice; his first marriage, before 1295, was to Beatrice, daughter of <mask> Clermont, Lord of Nesle in Picardy and Constable of France.Beatrice died in 1320, and in 1321 he married <mask> St Pol, daughter of <mask> Châtillon, Count of St Pol and Butler of France. He never had any legitimate children, but he had an illegitimate son, <mask> Valence, whose mother is unknown. <mask>'s most lasting legacy is probably through his second wife, who in 1347 founded Pembroke College, Cambridge. The family arms are still represented on the dexter side of the college arms. <mask> <mask> was buried in Westminster Abbey, where his tomb effigy can still be seen as a splendid example of late gothic architecture, elaborating on the design of the nearby tomb of Edmund Crouchback, Earl of Lancaster. Media
<mask> was portrayed by Sam Spruell in the 2018 movie Outlaw King about Robert the Bruce. Notes

Sources

Phillips, J. R. S. Valence, <mask> <mask>, eleventh earl of Pembroke (d. 1324), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).|-

1270s births
1324 deaths
<mask>
Aymer
English generals
English people of the Wars of Scottish Independence
English people of French descent
13th-century English

masks:
Pembroke
Raoul de
Marie de
Guy de
Henry de
Pembroke
Aymer
de Valence
Aymer
Aymer
de
Aymer


texts:
<mask> (born 1977) is an American artist who produces conceptual post-black art. <mask> first received critical attention when examples of his work were included in the "Freestyle Exhibition" curated by Thelma Golden at the Studio Museum in Harlem in 2001. He studied at Columbia College Chicago and the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and his work has been exhibited around the world. In addition to photography, <mask> makes audio installations, video, and sculpture. <mask> is known for both his unusual artistic productions and for his process of combining various aspects of science with black history. Early life
<mask> was born in Illinois to an academic and scholar mother, Dr. <mask>m, and a Vietnam-war veteran father, <mask>, who was an artist but worked in electronics. His parents divorced when he was 2 years old and his mother remarried a man of Nigerian descent.<mask> has stated that growing up his family was based in afrocentrism and that his family celebrated Kwanzaa. <mask> was raised in the Wicker Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois and Evanston, Illinois, a suburb. A photography major, he earned a 2000 Bachelor of Fine Arts from Columbia College Chicago and a 2005 Master of Fine Arts from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. While at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, one of his mentors was Gregg Bordowitz. <mask> followed a generation of black artists who focused on the "black experience" and grew up in a generation that was influenced by hip hop and Black Entertainment Television. Because of his generation's high exposure to black culture within pop culture, his contemporary audiences have a greater

masks:
Rashid Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Cheryl Johnson Odi
Jimmy Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


texts:
 understanding of the "black experience," which has enabled him to achieve a deeper race and identity interaction. His work has been exhibited at the Art Institute of Chicago; the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; the Detroit Institute of Arts; the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis; the Corcoran Museum of Art, Washington, DC; the Institute of Contemporary Photography, New York; the Brooklyn Museum of Art, New York; and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago.Career

Early career

As a college junior, he opened his first show at the Schneider Gallery. By 2000, he had earned a reputation for his unique photo-printing process and political content. The Freestyle exhibition at the Studio Museum in 2001 is credited with launching <mask>'s career. The curator of the show, Thelma Golden, is credited with coining the term "post-black art" in relation to that exhibit, although some suggest the term is attributable to the 1995 book The End of Blackness by Debra Dickerson, who is a favorite of <mask>'s. The term post-black now refers to art in which race and racism are prominent, but where the importance of the interaction of the two is diminished. <mask>'s most controversial exhibition was entitled Chickenbones and Watermelon Seeds: The African American Experience as Abstract Art. The subject matter was a series of stereotypical African-American food culture items such as watermelon seeds, black-eyed peas, chicken bones, and cotton seeds placed directly onto photographic paper and exposed to light using an iron-reactive process.In 2002, he exhibited at the Sunrise Museum in Charleston, West Virginia. The

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson


texts: exhibit, entitled Manumission Papers, was named for the papers that freed slaves were required to keep to prove their freedom. The exhibition was described as being as much a cultural commentary as an imagery display, and it related to the previous "Chickenbones" exhibit. He geometrically arranged abstractions of feet, hands, and elbows in shapes such as cubes, church windows and ships. This was a considered as study in racial identity because the body parts were not identifiable. Also in 2002, presenting his photographic work using chicken bones, <mask> exhibited at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, as part of the UBS 12 x 12: New Artists, New Work series. In 2002 he exhibited his homeless men in the Diggs Gallery of Winston-Salem State University.The exhibit was entitled Seeing in the Dark and used partially illuminated subjects against deep black backgrounds. He also exhibited his homeless men work, including George (1999), in Atlanta, Georgia as part of the National Black Arts Festival at City Gallery East in July and August 2002. George was part of the Corcoran Gallery of Art November 2004 – January 2005 Common Ground: Discovering Community in 150 Years of Art, Selections From the Collection of Julia J. Norrell exhibition. George and the Common Ground exhibition appeared in several other places including the North Carolina Museum of Art in 2006. He took part in the Chicago Department of Cultural Affairs artist Open Studio Program rotation in the Chicago Landmark/National Register of Historic Places Page Brothers Building during the summer of 2003 with a three-week exhibition. He explored the "historical and contemporary nature of


texts:
 photography". At that time, he was represented by George N'Namdi, who owned G.R.N'Namdi, the oldest African-American-owned, exhibiting commercial gallery in the country. In conjunction with the Renaissance Society at the University of Chicago, <mask> exhibited The Evolution of the Negro Political Costume in December 2004. He presented replicas of three outfits worn by African-American politicians. He included a late 1960s dashiki worn by Jesse Jackson, a 1980s running suit worn by Al Sharpton in the '80s and a business suit worn by then United States Senator-elect Barack Obama. The presentation, which invited inspection, was as likely to evoke humorous response to the Jackson dashiki as well as critical commentary about the presentation of political attire. <mask> explored the theme of escapism at the Indianapolis Museum of Contemporary Art in a show entitled The Production of Escapism: A Solo Project by <mask>. He addressed distraction and relief from reality through art and fantasy.<mask> used photos, video and site-specific installation to study escapist tendencies through often with a sense of humor that bordered on the absurd. Post-graduate career

During the summer of 2005, he took part in a Chicago Cultural Center artist exchange program exhibition featuring five emerging Chicago contemporary artists and five from Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Half of the ten were women (four from Taiwan). As part of the Crossings exhibition almost all artists had their first chance to exhibit in the country of the others. In this forum, Chicago Tribune art critic Alan G. Artner said <mask>'s audio selection imposed his artistry on all the other exhibits since he

masks:
Rashid Johnson
Johnson
Rashid Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


texts: chose a rap song combined with a blunt video. Artner became a <mask> detractor in 2005 when <mask> had this and another simultaneous exhibit appearing in Chicago. He described <mask>'s exploration of the politics of race as "sloganeering or cute self-advertising"  in his two-dimensional works, and his apolitical three-dimensional installations as "glib and superficial" representations.He classified <mask>'s work as more suitable for the audience seeking nothing more than American pop culture. Artner also derided <mask>'s short video contribution to the Art Institute of Chicago's Fool's Paradise exhibition as a "conflation of gospel singing with beat boxing ... that says nothing worth saying about race." Other Chicago critics describe <mask>'s subsequent work as relatively hip. The following year, after obtaining his master's degree, he moved to the Lower East Side in New York City, where he taught at the Pratt Institute. Although he is generally referred to as a photographer and sometimes referred to as a sculptor, in certain contexts, he has been referred to as an artist-magician. In an ensemble 2006 showing entitled Scarecrow, <mask> exhibited a life-sized photographic nude self-portrait that was supposed to be menacing and abrasive, but that was perceived as interesting and amusing. His Summer 2007 "Stay Black and Die" work in The Color Line exhibition at the Jack Shainman Gallery left one art critic from The New York Times wondering whether he was viewing a warning or exhortation.However, at the same time he participated in the Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art's For Love of the Game: Race and Sport in America exhibition that seemed to

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


texts:
 clearly address manners in which questions about race have been asked and answered on American sports fields of play. As a post-black artist, his mixed-media work, such as his Spring 2008 exhibition The Dead Lecturer, plays on race while diminishing its significance by playing with contradictions, coded references and allusions (E.g., The New Negro Escapist Social and Athletic Club (Emmett), right). The exhibit was described as "a fictional secret society of African-American intellectuals, a cross between Mensa and the Masons" that was a challenge to either condemn or endorse. Rise to prominence
In November 2011, he was named as one of six finalists for the Hugo Boss Prize. In April 2012, the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, presented <mask>'s first major museum solo exhibition. MCA Pamela Alper Associate Curator Julie Rodrigues Widholm curated the exhibition in close collaboration with the artist. The exhibition was a survey of the previous ten years of the artist's work.Additionally, a new MCA commission was to be shown for the first time. Throughout that latter 2010's, <mask> addressed the idea of mental health in multiple series of works, namely Anxious Men and Anxious Audiences and Broken Men. Techniques and processes

<mask> uses "alchemy, divination, astronomy, and other sciences that combine the natural and spiritual worlds" to augment black history. According to a Columbia College Chicago publication, <mask> works in a variety of media with physical and visual materials that have independent artistic significance and symbolism but that are augmented by their connections to black history. According to the culture publication

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


texts:
 Flavorpill, he challenges his viewers with photography and sculpture that present the creation and dissemination of norms and expectations. However, the Chicago Tribune describes the productions resulting from his processes as lacking complexity or depth. Seattle Post-Intelligencer writer Regina Hackett described <mask> as an artist who avoids the struggles of black people and explores their strengths, while inserting himself as subject in his "aesthetic aspirations" through a variety of forums.<mask> has garnered national attention for both his unusual subject matter and for his process. In addition to portrait photography, <mask> is known for his use of a 19th-century process that uses Van Dyke brown, a transparent organic pigment, and exposure to sunlight. He achieves a painterly feel with his prints with the application of pigment using broad brush strokes. He uses a  Deardorff, which forces him to interact with his subjects. His use of shea butter and tiles in his, respective, sculptural and mosaic work have significant meaning to <mask>. The former being a "signifier of African identity," whereas the latter have a more personal connection for him. As a student, a Russian and Turkish Bathouse became a place of refuge, with him viewing the white tiles as a canvas.He would even take his college assigned-reading in there with him. Personal life
<mask> is married to artist Sheree Hovsepian. They live in New York City and have a son. Selected exhibitions

Solo
 2002: "12x12: New Artist/New Work," Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, IL
 2003: "The Rise and Fall of a Proper Negro," moniquemeloche, Chicago, IL
 2005: "Stay Black and Die,"

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


texts:
 moniquemeloche, Chicago, IL
 2005: "The Production of Escapism," Indianapolis Museum of Contemporary Art, Indianapolis, IN
 2008: "Sharpening My Oyster Knife," Kunstmuseum Magdeberg, Germany
 2008: "The New Escapist Promised Land Garden and Recreation Center," moniquemeloche, Chicago, IL
 2008: "Cosmic Slops," Richard Gray Gallery, Chicago, IL
 2009: "Other Aspects," David Kordansky Gallery, Los Angeles
 2009: "The Dead Lecturer: Laboratory, Dojo, and Performance Space," Power House Memphis, Memphis, TN
 2009: "Smoke and Mirrors," Sculpture Centre, Long Island City, NY
 2012: "A Message to Our Folks," Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, IL
 2012: "Rumble," Hauser & Wirth, New York, NY
 2013: "New Growth," Ballroom Marfa, TX
 2014: "Remembering D.B. Cooper," moniquemeloche, Chicago, IL
2015: "Anxious Men" at the Drawing Center in New York


texts:
<mask> (4 January 177220 March 1840), was a German jurist and musician. Early life

He was born at Hamelin, in Hanover, the son of an officer in the Hanoverian army, of French Huguenot descent. After school in Hameln and Hanover, Thibaut entered the University of Göttingen as a student of jurisprudence, went from there to Königsberg, where he studied under Immanuel Kant, and afterwards to the University of Kiel, where he was a fellow-student with Niebuhr. Here, after taking his degree of doctor of laws, he became a Privat-dozent. His younger brother was <mask>, a mathematician. Jurist

Early career

In 1798 he was appointed extraordinary professor of civil law, and in the same year appeared his Versuche über einzelne Theile der Theorie des Rechts (1798), a collection of essays on the theory of law, of which by far the most important was entitled Über den Einfluss der Philosophie auf die Auslegung der positiven Gesetze, wherein he sought to show that history without philosophy could not interpret and explain law. In 1799, he published his Theorie der logischen Auslegung des römischen Rechts, one of his major works.In 1802 he published a short criticism of Feuerbach's theory of criminal law, which recalls in many ways the speculations of Jeremy Bentham. The same year appeared Über Besitz und Verjahrung, a treatise on the law of possession and the limitation of actions. In 1802 Thibaut was called to Jena, where he spent three years and wrote, in <mask>'s summer-house, his chief work, System des Pandektenrechts (1803), which ran into many editions. The fame of this book results from its being the first modern complete compendium of the subject, distinguished alike by the accuracy of its sources and the freedom and unpedantic manner in which the subject is handled. It is, in effect, a codification of the Roman law as it then obtained in Germany, modified by canon law and the practice of the courts into a comprehensive system of Pandect law. At the invitation of the grand-duke of

masks:
Anton Friedrich Justus Thibaut
Bernhard Friedrich Thiut
Friedrich Schiller


texts:
 Baden, Thibaut went to Heidelberg to fill the chair of civil law and to assist in organizing the university; and he never left the town, though in later years, as his fame grew, he was offered places at Göttingen, Munich and Leipzig. His class was large, his influence great; and, except Gustav Hugo and Savigny, no civilian of his time was so well known.Civil law essay
In 1814 appeared his Civilistische Abhandlungen ("Treatises on Civil Law"), of which the principal was his famous essay, the parent of so much literature, Über die Nothwendigkeit eines allgemeinen bürgerlichen Rechts für Deutschland ("On the Necessity of a General Civil Law for Germany"). It was inspired by the enthusiasm of the so-called German Wars of Liberation against Napoleon (1813–1814) and written in fourteen days. <mask> himself explained in the Archiv für die civilistische Praxis, in 1838, the origin of this memorable essay. He had realized the change denoted by the march of German soldiers to Paris in 1814, and the happy future opened up for Germany. The system of small states he hoped and believed would continue; for the big state he considered crushing to the life of the individual and harmful as concentrating the "warm life" of the nation in one central point. In his judgment the only unity practicable and needful for Germany was that of law; and for this he urged all the German governments to labour. The essay was as much a condemnation of the entire state of jurisprudence as an argument for codification; it was a challenge to civilians to justify their very existence.Savigny took up the challenge thus thrown down when he wrote Über den Beruf unserer Zeit für Gesetzgebung und Rechtswissenschaft (1814); and a long controversy as to points not very clearly defined took place. The glory of the controversy belonged to Savigny; the real victory rested with Thibaut. Later life
In 1819 he was appointed to the upper house of the newly constituted Baden parliament. He was also made member of the


texts:
 Scheidungsgericht (divorce court). In 1836 Thibaut published his Erorterungen des römischen Rechts. One of his last works was a contribution in 1838 to the Archiv für die civilistische Praxis, of which he was one of the editors (see below). Thibaut married, in 1800, a daughter of Professor Ahlers of Kiel.He died after a short illness, at Heidelberg. Legacy

Thibaut, a man of strong personality, was much more than a jurist: he has a place in the history of music. Palestrina and the early composers of church music were his delight; and in 1824 he published, anonymously, Über die Reinheit der Tonkunst (Purity of Music), in which he eulogized the old music, especially that of Palestrina. He was an ardent collector of old compositions, and often sent young men to Italy, at his own expense, to discover interesting musical manuscripts. Among the masters of German prose, too, Thibaut has a place. His style, though simple, is richly expressive. The framers of the new German civil code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) in 1879 owed the arrangement of their matter in no small degree to Thibaut's method and clear classification, but beyond this, the code, based on the civil law of the several German states, which was adroitly blended by the usus pandectarum into an harmonious whole, does not reflect his influence.He was one of the earliest to criticize the divisions found in the Institutes, and he carried on with Gustav Hugo a controversy as to these points. <mask>'s legal work was soon superseded by that of his successor, Karl Adolf von Vangerow (1805–1870), and his textbooks fell out of use. John Austin, who owed much to him, describes him as one "who for penetrating acuteness, rectitude of judgment and depth of learning and eloquence of exposition, may be placed by the side of <mask> von Savigny, at the head of all living civilians." References

1772 births
1840 deaths
People from Hamelin
Jurists from Lower Saxony
German male musicians
People from the Electorate of Hanover
18th-century

masks:
Thibaut
Friedrich Carl


texts:
<mask> (Mrs. <mask>, née Williams; 18 May 1883, near Liberty, Kansas – 19 August 1969, Los Angeles) was an American composer and well-known piano accompanist. During her prolific years as a composer, she lived in New York City. During her more active years as a piano accompanist, she lived in Los Angeles. In her published music, she was known as Mrs. M<mask> or Mrs. M<mask>. Two <mask>s & two <mask> of the same era
{| border= .2px solid #000000; cellpadding="5" style="color: black; background-color: #ffffdd;"
|-valign="top"
|width="100%"|(i) Because <mask>'s maiden name was "Williams" and (ii) because <mask> wrote and used poetry in art songs that she composed, she might be confused with <mask> (b 1895), the poet from Virginia — who, separately, might be confused with <mask>, PhD (1879–1944), the author and former head of the English department at Hunter College. '|}

 Music career
Before she became a teenager, <mask> began accepting engagements in concert work, and under the management of Mr. Pardee and Miss Weber toured the Middle West in recital as concert pianist. In 1901 her father's business called him to California, and the family moved to Los Angeles.For nearly three years after arriving in Los Angeles, <mask> did concert work and was soloist on many notable programs. Around 1904, <mask> began specializing exclusively in accompaniment. She accompanied artists that included George Hamlin, Jeannie Jornelli, Marcella Craft, Maggie Teyte, Heimo Haitto, and Pavlowa, Franz Wilcez and Hugo

masks:
Blanche Robinson
Martin Hennion Robinson
. Hennion Robinson
. Hennion Robinson
Blanche Robinson
Blanche Williams
Blanche Robinson
Blanche Robinson
Blanche Robinson Williams
Blanche Colton Williams
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson


texts:
 Herrman. For nine years she was the accompanist for the Woman's Lyric Club, and for five years of the Ellis Club. <mask> became a pupil in composition of Frederick Stephenson in Los Angeles. Her The Woman at Home, a chorus for women's voices, was performed with much success by the Lyric Club. Among her better-known compositions are Songs of You, The Mystic Hour, Youth, Fairies, Butterflies, The Dawn of Dawns, and a chorus for men's voices, A Song for Heroes.She performed under the management of Mr. Behymer in concert work. She also performed with Ebell Club, the Friday Morning Club, the Gamut Club, and many leading artists who toured Los Angeles. Family
 Father:  Oliver David Williams (1854 Kentucky – 1932, Venice, California)
 Mother:  Joanna Williams, née Dickerson (25 Oct 1855 Crawfordsville, Indiana – Oct 1949, Venice, California)
 Husband:  Martin Hennion <mask> (18 January 1878 Missouri – 2 May 1964 Los Angeles) and <mask> were married September 27, 1904, in Los Angeles, at the Central Methodist Episcopal Church, Los Angeles. <mask> died August 19, 1969, in Los Angeles.<ref>"Vital Records: Deaths," Los Angeles Times, August 21, 1969</ref>  Her ashes are stored at Woodlawn Memorial Cemetery, Santa Monica, next to those of her daughter Dorothy B<mask> (1906 Los Angeles – 2004), also a pianist. Music club and sorority affiliations
Both <mask> and her daughter, <mask>, were members of The Dominant Club, a Los Angeles charitable club of women musicians founded in 1906 that promotes women in

masks:
Robinson
Robinson
Blanche Williams
Robinson
. Robinson
Blanche Robinson
Dorothy Robinson


texts:
 classical music and chamber music. <mask> was a charter member and past president of The Dominant Club. In 1928, <mask> was inducted as an honorary member of Sigma Alpha Iota (ΣΑΙ), Sigma Xi Chapter of the University of California, Los Angeles.ΣΑΙ is an international fraternity for women in music. Early education
At age nine, <mask>'s family moved to Chicago; there, she began eight-years of study with William Charles Ernest Seeboeck (21 August 1859 Vienna, Austria – 1907 Chicago), a gifted pianist and composer who had been a student of Anton Rubinstein (1829–1894). Selected compositions

 "Love Was a Beggar," written for Mary McCormic, music by <mask>
 "Love's Trilogy," a song for four-part chorus of women's voices, words by E. Sterrett, music by <mask>, G. Schirmer (1925)
 "The Fairies," words & music by <mask>, G. Schirmer (1926)
 "The Woman at Home," a chorus for women's voices
 "Songs of You"
 "The Mystic Hour"
 "Youth," music by <mask>, words by Mrs. Louise Stedman Bostick
 "Butterflies"
 "The Dawn of Dawns," music by <mask>, words by Ina Donna Coolbrith
 "The Chudder Weaver," for high or medium voice, music by <mask>, words by Frances Hull Topping (b. 1879), G. Schirmer (©July 3, 1937)
 "Two pictures," for voice and piano, G. Schirmer (©1924) LCCN unk84197289
 "The Lover's Errand"

Ellis Club of Los Angeles Collection of Musical Arrangements and Papers
Processed by the staff of the Dept. of Music Special Collections, UCLA
UCLA Library, Performing Arts Special Collections Online

masks:
Blanche Robinson
Blanche Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson


texts:
 Archive of California

 "Baffled," in C minor, music by <mask> (TTBB - voice parts only); words by Helen Combes (mimeograph, n.d.) (©May 31, 1932), Harms, Inc.
 "Marmela," music by <mask> (TTBB, voice parts only); words by Mabel W. Phillips (mimeograph, n.d.)
 "A Song for Heroes," music by Robinson (TTBB), words by Edwin Markham (mimeograph, n.d.)
 "King Robert of Sicily," music by Robinson (SATB with narration; chorus parts only); words by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (mimeograph, n.d.)
 "Liebestraum," by Franz Liszt, arrangement (TTBB) and words by Robinson (mimeograph, n.d.)

Discography

Participation in a judges panel to select a California state song
In 1921, Lynden Ellsworth Behymer (1862–1947), impresario, and Bessie Bartlett Frankel (Mrs. Cecil Frankel), donated a sum of money to the California Federation of Music Clubs to hold a contest for lyrics to a state song "of real value." The judges were Benjamin Franklin Field (1868–1960), chairman of the federation and chairman of the committee of judges, Grace Atherton Dennen (1874–1927), editor and publisher of The Lyric West, and Blanche Robinson. The judges selected Mary Lennox of San Francisco on January 17, 1922, as the winner for her composition, California, Sweet Homeland of Mine.References

1883 births
1969 deaths
Women classical composers
American classical pianists
American women classical pianists
Burials at Woodlawn Memorial Cemetery, Santa Monica
20th-century American women pianists
20th-century classical pianists
20th-century

masks: Robinson Robinson


texts:
<mask> the Stammerer ( – 6 April 912), also known as <mask>us (From ), or simply <mask>, was a Benedictine monk at the Abbey of Saint Gall, now in Switzerland, where he was a leading literary scholar of the Early Middle Ages. He was active as a poet, scholar and possibly composer, as he is usually credited with an important collection of early sequences in Liber hymnorum. <mask> wrote Vita Sancti Galli and is commonly accepted to be the "Monk of Saint Gall" (Monachus Sangallensis) who wrote Gesta Karoli (the "deeds of Charlemagne"). He was contemporary with the fellow monks Tuotilo and Ratpert. Biography
<mask> was born around 840, to a distinguished family. He would seem to have been born at Jonschwil on the River Thur, south of Wil, in what would become much later (in 1803) the canton of Saint Gall in Switzerland; some sources claim Elgg to be his place of birth. He studied with Tuotilo at Saint Gall's monastic school, and was taught by , and the Irishman, Moengall.He became a monk there and is mentioned as librarian in 890 and as master of guests in 892–4. He was chiefly active as a teacher, and displayed refinement of taste as poet and author. Ekkehard IV, the biographer of the monks of Saint Gall, lauds him as "delicate of body but not of mind, stuttering of tongue but not of intellect, pushing boldly forward in things Divine, a vessel of the Holy Spirit without equal in his time". He died in 912. He was beatified in 1512. Works
He completed Erchanbert's chronicle, arranged a martyrology, composed a metrical biography of Saint Gall,

masks:
Notker
Notker Babul
Notker
Notker
Notker


texts: and authored other works. In his martyrology, he appeared to corroborate one of St Columba's miracles.St Columba, being an important father of Irish monasticism, was also important to St Gall and thus to <mask>'s own monastery. Adomnan of Iona had written that at one point Columba had through clairvoyance seen a city in Italy near Rome being destroyed by fiery sulphur as a divine punishment and that three thousand people had perished. And shortly after Columba saw this, sailors from Gaul arrived to tell the news of it. <mask> claimed in his martyrology that this event happened and that an earthquake had destroyed a city which was called 'new'. It is unclear what this city was that Notker was claiming, although some thought it may have been Naples (previously called 'Neapolis' – new city). However Naples was destroyed by a volcano in 512 before Columba was born, and not during Columba's lifetime. His Liber Hymnorum, created between 881 and 887, is an early collection of Sequences, which he called "hymns", mnemonic poems for remembering the series of pitches sung during a melisma in plainchant, especially in the Alleluia.It is unknown how many or which of the works contained in the collection are his. The hymn Media Vita was erroneously attributed to him late in the Middle Ages. Ekkehard IV wrote of fifty sequences composed by <mask>. He was formerly considered to have been the inventor of the sequence, a new species of religious lyric, but this is now considered doubtful, though he did introduce the genre into Germany. It had been the

masks: Notker Notker Notker


texts:
 custom to prolong the Alleluia in the Mass before the Gospel, modulating through a skillfully harmonized series of tones. <mask> learned how to fit the separate syllables of a Latin text to the tones of this jubilation; this poem was called the sequence (q.v. ), formerly called the "jubilation".(The reason for this name is uncertain.) From 881–7 Notker dedicated a collection of such verses to Bishop Liutward of Vercelli, but it is not known which or how many are his. The Monk of Saint Gall

The "Monk of Saint Gall" (Latin: Monachus Sangallensis; the name is not contemporary, being given by modern scholars), the ninth-century writer of a volume of didactic eulogistic anecdotes regarding the Emperor Charlemagne, is now commonly believed to be <mask> the Stammerer. This monk is known from his work to have been a native German-speaker, deriving from the Thurgau, only a few miles from the Abbey of Saint Gall; the region is also close to where Notker is believed to have derived from. The monk himself relates that he was raised by Adalbert, a former soldier who had fought against the Saxons, the Avars ("Huns" in his text) and the Slavs under the command of Kerold, brother of Hildegard, Charlemagne's second wife; he was also a friend of Adalbert's son, Werinbert, another monk at Saint Gall, who died as the book was in progress. His teacher was Grimald von Weißenburg, the Abbot of Saint Gall from 841 to 872, who was, the monk claims, himself a pupil of Alcuin. The monk's untitled work, referred to by modern scholars as De Carolo Magno

masks: Notker Notker


texts: ("Concerning Charles the Great") or Gesta Caroli Magni ("The Deeds of Charles the Great"), is not a biography but consists instead of two books of anecdotes relating chiefly to the Emperor Charlemagne and his family, whose virtues are insistently invoked.It was written for Charles the Fat, great-grandson of Charlemagne, who visited Saint Gall in 883. It has been scorned by traditional historians, who refer to the Monk as one who "took pleasure in amusing anecdotes and witty tales, but who was ill-informed about the true march of historical events", and describe the work itself as a "mass of legend, saga, invention and reckless blundering": historical figures are claimed as living when in fact dead; claims are attributed to false sources (in one instance, the Monk claims that "to this King Pepin [the Short] the learned Bede has devoted almost an entire book of his Ecclesiastical History"; no such account exists in Bede's history – unsurprisingly, given that Bede died in 735 during the reign of Charlemagne's grandfather Charles Martel); and Saint Gall is frequently referenced as a location in anecdotes, regardless of historical verisimilitude (Pepin the Hunchback, for example, is supposed to have been sent to Saint Gall as punishment for his rebellion, and – in a trope owed to Livy's tale of Tarquin and the poppies – earns a promotion to rich Prüm Abbey after advising Charlemagne through an implicit parable of hoeing thistles to execute another group of rebels). The Monk also mocks and criticizes bishops and the prideful, high-born


texts:
 incompetent, showy in dress and fastidious and lazy in habits, whilst lauding the wise and skillful government of the Emperor with nods to the deserving poor. Several of the Monk's tales, such as that of the nine rings of the Avar stronghold, have been used in modern biographies of Charlemagne. The Monk of Saint Gall is commonly believed to be Notker the Stammerer: Louis Halphen has delineated the points of similarity between the two: the Monk claims to be old, toothless and stammerering; and both share similar interests in church music, write with similar idioms, and are fond of quoting Virgil. The text is dated to the 880s from mentions in it of Carloman (died 880), half-brother of Charles the Fat, the "circumscribed lands" of Carloman's son Arnulf, who succeeded as King of the Germans in 887, and the destruction of Prüm Abbey, which occurred in 882. Notes

References

Sources

External links

 Opera Omnia by Migne Patrologia Latina with analytical indexes
 Notker's commentary on The Consolation of Philosophy by Boethius from e-codices.com
Catholic Encyclopedia, accessed on 25 April 2006
Saint of the Day, April 6: Notker Balbulus at SaintPatrickDC.org

840s births
912 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Frankish Benedictines
Medieval writers
Medieval Latin poets
9th-century Latin writers
Beatified people
Frankish historians
9th-century Christian monks
10th-century Christian monks
Benedictine monks
Male musicians
9th-century musicians
10th-century musicians
Writers of the Carolingian Empire
Carolingian poets
9th-century


texts:
<mask> (Grizzana Morandi, 24 November 1943) is an Italian multidisciplinary artist, known as a painter, photographer and sculptor. Early life and education
<mask> was born 24 November 1943 in Grizzana Morandi, Italy. <mask> studied at the Academy of Fine Arts of Bologna. <mask> began his artistic career in the 1970s when he became known for his tableau vivants: photographed and videotaped performances in which he presented himself in different ways: from Pinocchio to Dante, Saint Sebastian to Bacchus. These displays of "actionism" (different from Viennese Actionism, to which Hermann Nitsch is associated) verge on kitsch and raise personal narcissism to a higher level. Career
Throughout his long career <mask> has expressed his creativity and poetics through the use of many different techniques: from his "oggetti pleonastici" (1965–1969), made in plaster, to the "stanza delle similitudini," made with objects cut in corrugated fiberboard. He has often anticipated the use of techniques subsequently adopted by other artists: his first Super 8 films were made between 1969 and 1972.With his work "Ange Infidele" (1968) Ontani begins to experiment with photography. From the beginning his photography has been characterized by some particular elements: the subject is always the artist himself, who uses his own body and face to personify historic, mythological, literary and popular themes; the chosen formats are usually miniature and gigantography, and each work is considered unique. From the late 1960s on are "Teofania" (1969), "San Sebastiano nel bosco di

masks:
Luigi Ontani
Luigi Ontani
Ontani
Ontani
Ontani


texts: Calvenzano, d'apres Guido Reni" Tentazione," "Meditazione, d'apres de la Tour," "Bacchino" (1970), "Tell il Giovane," "Raffaello," "Dante," " Pinocchio" (1972), "Lapsus Lupus," the diptych "EvAdamo" (1973), "Leda e il Cigno" (1974), "I grilli e i tappeti volanti" that will be followed by other "d'apres," and the first Indian cycle "En route vers l'Inde, d'apres Pierre Lotti." His first artistic photography has a historic importance because it anticipates a phenomenon that will be widespread and popular from the 1980s. While working on his photographs Ontani began to make his first tableaux vivants. From 1969 to 1989 the artist made around 30 of these exhibitions, again foreshadowing the so-called interactive installations, which are based on the mixture of various technologies. With this same attitude he has created works in papier-mâché, glass, wood (he has made numerous masks, especially on Bali, with Pule wood) and, more rarely, in bronze, marble, and fabric.He has also made notorious works in ceramic, thanks to the cooperation with Bottega Gatti of Faenza, Venera Finocchiaro in Rome, and the Terraviva laboratory of Vietri: some of them are his "pineal" masks, the "Ermestetiche," and the last great works such as "GaneshaMusa" and "NapoleonCentaurOntano." <mask> has not used all these different techniques as ends in themselves but as occasions to experiment new possibilities and formulate new variations of the themes and subjects that interest him the most: his own "transhistoric" travel through myth, the mask, the symbol and iconographic


texts:
 representation. He has exhibited his works in some of the most important museums and galleries of the world, from the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum to the Pompidou Centre, the Museo Reina Sofía to the Frankfurter Kunstverein. He has also participated in several editions of the Venice, Sydney, and Lyon biennales. Recently he has had four important retrospectives  at the MoMA (2001), the SMAK in Ghent (2003–2004), the MAMbo in Bologna (2008), and the Accademia di San Luca, also called the Accademia Nazionale di San Luca, in Rome (2017). The retrospective in Rome marks his receiving the Premio Presidente della Repubblica award in 2015. In 1982, <mask>'s work was featured in the exhibition, "Italian Art Now: An American Perspective" at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, alongside other Italian artists, Sandro Chia, Enzo Cucchi, Gilberto Zorio, Giuseppe Penone, Nino Longobardi, and Vettor Pisani.<mask>'s work was credited on Bjork's album Volta as the inspiration for the costume that she can be seen wearing on the album's cover photo. Group exhibitions
Venice Biennale (1972,1978,1984,1995)
Pompidou Centre, Paris: "Identité italienne: Art en Italie depuis 1959" (1981)
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York City: "Italian Art Now: An American Perspective"  (1982)
Frankfurter Kunstverein: "1960-1985 Aspekte der Italienischen Kunst" (1986)
VI Sydney Biennale (1986)
Museo Reina Sofía, Madrid: "La otra escultura. A Palazzo Carpegna a Roma" (in Italian)

Italian contemporary artists
1943 births
Living people
People from Grizzana Morandi
Accademia di Belle Arti di

masks: Ontani Ontani


texts:
Terrence "<mask>" <mask> (born August 14, 1965) is an American fashion and portrait photographer. He has shot advertising campaigns for Marc Jacobs, Aldo, Supreme, Sisley, Tom Ford, and Yves Saint Laurent among others, and also done work for magazines such as Rolling Stone, GQ, Vogue, Vanity Fair, Harper's Bazaar, i-D, and Vice. Since 2001, <mask> has been accused by multiple models of sexual misconduct. In 2017, brands and magazines that had worked with <mask> in the past began distancing themselves from him, and said they would no longer employ him. He has not actively worked as a photographer since 2018. Early life
<mask> was born in New York City, the son of Norma Kessler, an actress, and <mask>, a fashion photographer who struggled with schizophrenia and drug abuse. <mask>'s father was Irish Catholic and his mother is Jewish.Following the divorce of his parents, <mask> moved to Woodstock, New York, with his mother and stepfather, English guitarist Jackie Lomax. <mask> later moved to the Hollywood neighborhood of Los Angeles, where he attended Hollywood High School. He moved with his mother to Ojai, California, where he attended Nordhoff High School, when he was 16. <mask> originally wanted to be a punk rock musician rather than a photographer. He played bass guitar in the punk rock band The Invisible Government for four years. He played bass for a variety of other punk bands in Southern California including Signal Street Alcoholics, Doggy Style, Baby Fist and Middle Finger. Career
<mask>'s mother reportedly gave him his first snapshot camera in 1982, which he used to document his life and the punk rock scene in Ojai.In 1992, <mask> quit music and moved to the East Village neighborhood of New York City, where he began photographing young people partying and other nightlife. It was in New York City that he had his first "big break." His first published fashion photos appeared in Vibe in 1994.

masks:
Terry
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Bob Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson


texts:
 His Vibe spread was shown at Paris' International Festival de la Mode later that year. Following the showing, <mask> shot an advertising campaign for fashion designer Katharine Hamnett's spring 1995 collection. The campaign was noted for images of young women wearing short skirts with their pubic hair showing. <mask> then moved to London and worked for the magazines The Face, i-D and Arena.Throughout his career, <mask> has shot the campaigns of fashion brands and designers such as: Marc Jacobs, Aldo, Supreme, Sisley, Tom Ford, and Yves Saint Laurent. He has also worked for magazines such as Rolling Stone, GQ, Vogue, Vanity Fair, and Harper's Bazaar. <mask> has produced several campaigns for Diesel, including the 'Global Warming Ready' which won a Silver Lion for Print at Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival in 2007. He has produced several private portraits for the company's founder, Renzo Rosso. In September 2011, they hosted a mutual book launch together with fashion editor Carine Roitfeld, at Colette in Paris. In 2012 <mask> embarked on his first solo exhibition at Los Angeles's OHWOW Gallery, titled <mask>wood. In May 2012, a video of model Kate Upton performing the Cat Daddy dance for <mask> in his studio went viral.In December 2012, Lady Gaga announced that <mask> was filming a documentary about her life. Vice co-founder Gavin McInnes defended <mask> in 2004, saying his work was criticized by "first-year feminist types." Gallery shows

<mask> held his first gallery showing in 1998. The show, entitled These Colors Don't Run and held at Alleged Gallery, coincided with the release of his first book entitled Hysteric Glamour. His work was later included in another show entitled Smile at Alleged Gallery. <mask> had his first Paris show at Galarie Emmanuel Perrotin in 1999. <mask>'s "Feared by Men Desired by Women" was shown at an exhibition at London's Shine Gallery the following

masks: Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Terry Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson


texts:
 year.Terryworld, an exhibition of <mask>'s work of the name, was shown in 2004 at Deitch Gallery in New York City. The Orange County Museum of Art showed <mask>'s work as part of a group show entitled Beautiful Losers in 2005. Mom + Dad, a show exhibiting work from <mask>'s book of the same name, was held at Half Gallery in New York City in 2011. The same year, photographs from <mask>'s book Hong Kong were shown at Art Hong Kong. <mask>'s work was later shown at Los Angeles's OHWOW Gallery. The exhibition was titled Terrywood and ran from February 24 to March 31, 2012. Music videos
<mask> has directed music videos since the late 1990s.He directed videos for Death in Vegas and Primal Scream as well as alternate music video of the song "Find a New Way" by  Young Love, and Whirlwind Heat's "Purple" featuring models Susan Eldridge and Charlotte Kemp Muhl. He directed the music video for "Red Lips" by Sky Ferreira. He also makes a cameo appearance in Thirty Seconds to Mars's video for "Hurricane". The music video for "Oldie" by Odd Future was recorded during a photoshoot with <mask> and was published on March 20, 2012. <mask> can be seen in the video snapping photos of the collective while they party and play in front of a large white backdrop. On August 29, 2013, he directed Beyoncé in a music video at Coney Island for her single "XO". He also directed "Wrecking Ball" by Miley Cyrus.In late 2013 <mask> did the treatment on the music video for "Do What U Want" by Lady Gaga and R. Kelly from her third studio album titled Artpop, but the film was never released. On August 21, 2017, <mask> directed the Anitta music video, "Vai Malandra", at Vidigal,   Rio de Janeiro. Style
There are several repeating themes in <mask>'s work, notably that of putting high-profile celebrities in mundane situations and photographing them using traditionally pedestrian methods, such as the use of an instant camera. His work

masks: Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson


texts:
 also explores ideas of sexuality, with many of the pieces featured in his books Kibosh and Terryworld depicting full-frontal nudity and both simulated and actual sexual acts. Initially, many of <mask>'s subjects would be shot before a white background but he eventually expanded to other backdrops. He is also known for posing with his subjects, often giving them his trademark glasses so they may "pretend to be him" or, in the case of actress Chloë Sevigny, posing them in makeup and costume so that they look like him. <mask> counts Larry Clark, Nan Goldin, Diane Arbus and Robert Frank as early influences on his artistic style.His work has been praised by Helmut Newton. <mask> described his style as, "Trying to capture those unpremeditated moments when people's sexualities come up to the surface." <mask> is also known for his nonsexual portraiture. He has taken portraits of a wide variety of celebrities and politicians. Personal life

Relationships and family
<mask> was married to model Nikki Uberti from 1996 to 1999. <mask> dated political staffer and business woman Audrey Gelman from 2011 until 2013. He started dating his long-time photography assistant, Alexandra "Skinny" Bolotow in 2014.On March 19, 2016, Bolotow gave birth to twin boys. He has said it was "the most intense, inspiring, , and humbling experience of my life." The couple married in 2017 in Taos, New Mexico. He currently resides in Bearsville, New York. Philanthropy
In 2010, <mask> became involved with RxArt, a charity that donates art to children's hospitals. Allegations of sexual misconduct
Since 2001, <mask> has been accused multiple times of using his influence in the fashion industry to sexually exploit models during photo shoots, including coercing them to engage in sexual acts with him. Models with whom he has worked (including Rie Rasmussen and Jamie Peck) have accused <mask> of sexual misconduct, including

masks: Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson


texts:
 exploitation.In a 2010 interview at French Institute Alliance Française, Marc Jacobs said that <mask> is "not ill-spirited". <mask> published a letter in 2014 in The Huffington Post defending himself against the accusations. <mask> said that the allegations are false and that he considers himself "considerate and respectful" of his photography subjects. Models including Noot Seear, Daisy Lowe, and Charlotte Free have defended him. In 2017, due to the allegations of <mask>'s sexual misconduct, many fashion brands and fashion magazines decided to no longer commission his work, including Valentino, Bulgari, and the Condé Nast magazines: Vogue, Glamour, Wired, Vanity Fair, and GQ. Following the professional repercussions, he has not actively worked since 2018. Publications
 (1998) Hysteric Glamour.Hysteric Glamour (Tokyo). .
 (1999) Son of Bob. Little More (Tokyo). .
 (2000) <mask> – Feared by Men, Desired by Women. Shine Gallery (London). .
 (2002) Too Much. Sisley (Italy). (2004) <mask> – The <mask> Purple Book. Purple Institute (Paris). .
 (2004) <mask>. Stern Gruner + Jahr (Hamburg). .
 (2004) Terryworld.By Dian Hanson. Taschen (Hong Kong; Los Angeles). .
 (2006) Kibosh. Damiani Editore (Bologna). .
 (2006) Manimal. Hysteric Glamour (Tokyo). (2007) Rio, Cidade Maravilhosa. Diesel/Vintage Denin (Brazil). (2011) Hong Kong.Diesel (Hong Kong). (2011) Mom & Dad. Mörel Books (London). (2011) Lady Gaga x <mask>. Grand Central Publishing (New York City). .
 (2016) Skinny. Idea Books (London). References

External links

1965 births
American erotic photographers
21st-century American photographers
Commercial photographers
Fashion photographers
Jewish American artists
Living people
People from Hollywood, Los Angeles
Artists from New York City
People from Ojai, California
Hollywood High School alumni
Documentary photographers
American music video directors
People from the East Village,

masks:
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Terry Richardson
Terry
Terry Richardson
Terry Richardson
Terry Richardson


texts:
<mask><mask> (born October 16, 1974) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for  since 2008. A member of the Democratic Party, his district includes the southern four-fifths of Indianapolis, including Downtown Indianapolis. He became the dean of Indiana's congressional delegation following the retirement of Representative Pete Visclosky in 2021. He is the grandson of his predecessor, U.S. Representative <mask> (1938–2007), whose death in office triggered a special election. <mask> was the second Muslim to be elected to the United States Congress, following Keith Ellison of Minnesota in 2006. Personal life and early career
<mask> was born and raised in Indianapolis. He graduated from Arsenal Technical High School in Indianapolis and received a Bachelor of Arts degree in criminal justice and management from Concordia University Wisconsin (2003), and a Master of Science degree in business management from Indiana Wesleyan University in Marion, Indiana (2005).At a young age, <mask>'s interest in public service was shaped by his grandmother, the late Congresswoman <mask>. <mask> grew up in a rough neighborhood, and he credits that experience for shaping his policy views on issues like education, public safety and economic opportunity. From 1996 to 2005, <mask> worked as a compliance officer for the Indiana State Excise Police, the law enforcement arm of the Indiana Alcohol and Tobacco Commission. He was later employed in the anti-terrorism division of Indiana's Department of Homeland Security and then as a marketing specialist for Cripe Architects + Engineers in Indianapolis. He served as a member of the Indianapolis/Marion city-county council from 2007 to 2008. In December 2007, <mask>'s grandmother, <mask>, who had represented Indiana's 7th district in Congress since 1997, died of lung cancer. Three months later, <mask> won a special election for his grandmother's vacant seat in the House of Representatives.<mask> has retained that legislative seat ever since. Before being elected to public office, <mask> was a Democratic Party Committeeperson in Indianapolis. In 2007, <mask> won a special caucus of the Marion County Democratic Party to become the City-County Councilor for the 15th Council district of Indianapolis-Marion County. <mask> converted to

masks:
André D
. Carson
Julia Carson
Carson
André Carson
Carson
Julia Carson
Carson
Carson
Carson
Julia Carson
Carson
Carson
Carson
Carson
Carson


texts:
 Islam in the 1990s after his exposure to the poetry of the Sufi mystic Rumi and reading The Autobiography of Malcolm X. Before converting to Islam, <mask> attended a Baptist church and was educated in a Catholic school. U.S. House of Representatives

Committee assignments
House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
Subcommittee on Counterterrorism, Counterintelligence and Counterproliferation (Chair)
Subcommittee on Strategic Technologies and Advanced Research
House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials
Subcommittee on Aviation

Caucus memberships
Congressional Progressive Caucus
New Democrat Coalition
Congressional Arts Caucus
Afterschool Caucuses
Congressional Black Caucus
Congressional Automotive Caucus
Cancer Action Caucus
Children's Caucus
Climate Change Caucus
Human Rights Caucus
United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus
Labor and Working Families Caucus
Study Group on Public Health
Democratic Budget Group
LGBT Equality Caucus
Military Family Caucus
Renewable/Efficient Energy Caucus
Americans Abroad Caucus

He also serves as the Congressional Black Caucus liaison to the Sustainable Energy and Environment Coalition (CBC Liaison). In the 2008 presidential election, <mask> endorsed Senator Barack Obama in April 2008, and later won Obama's endorsement for his own May 2008 Democratic primary battle.<mask> was the first member of Indiana's Congressional Delegation to announce his support for then-candidate Obama. Tenure
On March 20, 2010, <mask> told reporters that health care protesters outside the Capitol hurled racial slurs at fellow Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) member Rep. John Lewis, a Democrat from Georgia. <mask> came off the House floor and told reporters his story about health care protesters hurling racial slurs during their walk from the Cannon House Office Building to the chambers. Conservative blogger Andrew Breitbart offered a $100,000 reward for any proof of these accusations. Although audio and video recordings of the protest have been posted online, no proof of the racial slurs has yet been provided, and the reward remains unclaimed. On August 28, 2011, <mask> addressed a gathering of supporters and mentioned the Tea Party movement during his

masks:
Andre Carson
Carson
Carson
Carson
Carson
Carson