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<mask> (born 1960) is a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research. Before joining MSR's lab in Silicon Valley in 2013, he was a Professor of Computer Science at the University of California San Diego, where he led the Internet Algorithms Lab and also worked with the Center for Network Systems and the Center for Internet Epidemiology. He is the author of the textbook Network Algorithmics published by Morgan Kaufmann in 2004. Education
<mask> received his B.Tech in electrical engineering from IIT Bombay in 1981, his M.S. in computer studies from NCSU in 1983 and his Ph.D. in computer science from MIT in 1993, where his advisor was Nancy Lynch. He is a Fellow of the ACM since 2002. Research

Transparent bridge architecture
Before his Ph.D., <mask> spent several years as part of the network architecture and advanced development group at Digital Equipment Corporation, where he wrote the first specification for the first transparent bridge architecture (based on the inventions of Mark Kempf and Radia Perlman).After several iterations and other authors, this became the IEEE 802 bridge specification, a widely implemented standard that is the basis of the billion dollar transparent bridging industry. He was also part of the DEC team that invented the Gigaswitch and the Giganet (a precursor to Gigabit Ethernet). Network algorithmics
<mask> is best known for helping define network algorithmics, a field of study which resolves networking bottlenecks using interdisciplinary techniques that include changes to hardware and operating systems as

masks:
George Varghese
Varghese
George
Varghese


type: original

texts:
 well as efficient algorithms. Among his contributions to network algorithmics are Deficit Round Robin (co-invented with M. Shreedhar), a scheduling algorithm that is widely used in routers, and timing wheels (with Tony Lauck), an algorithm for fast timers that is used as the basis of fast timers in Linux and FreeBSD. IP lookup and packet classification
Varghese has also worked extensively on fast IP lookup and packet classification. His work with G. Chandranmenon on Threaded indexes predates the work done at Cisco Systems and Juniper Networks on tag switching. His work on multibit tries (with V. Srinivasan) has been used by a number of companies including Microsoft.His work on scalable IP packet lookup (with Waldvogel and Turner) for longer addresses such as IPv6 is being considered for use by Linux. <mask> also worked with Eatherton and Dittia on the Tree bitmap IP lookup algorithm that is used in Cisco's CRS-1 router, which many believe to be the fastest router in the world. Tree bitmap and hypercuts (with Sumeet Singh and Florin Baboescu) appear to be among the best algorithms (excluding CAMs) for IP lookup and packet classification today. Self stabilization
<mask> is also known for his contributions to the theoretical field of self-stabilization (a form of fault-tolerance), where he has helped (with various colleagues) pioneer several general techniques such as local checking, local correction, and counter flushing. NetSift
Varghese co-founded NetSift Inc. (with Sumeet Singh) in 2004, serving as president and CTO. NetSift

masks: George George


texts:
 helped pioneer the notion of automated signature extraction for security and helped to introduce the use of streaming algorithms for network measurement and security at speeds greater than 10 Gbit/s. His work with Cristian Estan on multistage filters has been widely used in industry.NetSift was acquired in June 2005 by Cisco Systems as part of the Modular Switching Group. Awards and honors
 Elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering, 2017
 2014 Koji Kobayashi Award for Computers and Communications for "Contributions to the field of network algorithmics and its applications to high-speed packet networks"
 ACM Fellow, 2002
 Best Teacher Award in Computer Science, UCSD, 2001, voted by graduating undergraduate students
 Best Tutorial Award, SIGMETRICS 98. Big Fish, Mentor of the Year Award, Association for Graduate Engineering Students (AGES),Washington University 1997. ONR Young Investigator Award 1996 (34 awarded out of 416 applications across the sciences, among 2 computer scientists chosen in 1996)
 Best Student Paper, PODC 96, for a paper jointly written with student Mahesh Jayaram. Joint winner of the Sproull Prize for best MIT Thesis in Computer Science (1993) and nominated by MIT for ACM Thesis Prize. DEC Graduate Education Program (GEEP) Scholar, 1989–1991. Selected publications
 Sumeet Singh, Cristian Estan, <mask>, and Stefan Savage,  Automated Worm Fingerprinting, Proceedings of the 6th ACM/USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI).This paper was the basis of NetSift, which see


texts:
<mask> (born <mask>,  – ) was a French accordionist, pianist and composer known for performing with the Tour de France during the 1950s and 1960s. During her 70-year long career, she gave more than two thousand concerts and released around 150 records, selling a total of 30 million copies. Horner won the Coupe mondiale de l'accordéon in 1948, and the Grand Prix du Disque in 1950 for Le Jardin secret d'Yvette Horner, a recital of classical works performed on piano and accordion. Biography

Early life
<mask> (who later adopted the surname <mask>, at her mother's suggestion), spent a few years of her childhood in Rabastens-de-Bigorre, where her father, Louis Hornère, was a property developer. She was an only child. Her mother encouraged her to play music, and her teacher, Marguerite Lacoste, taught her her first notes on the piano. She studied music at the conservatory of Tarbes, then at the conservatory of Toulouse where, at the age of 11, she obtained a first prize in piano.Her mother convinced her to abandon her instrument for the chromatic accordion, explaining to her that there were no female accordionists, and that she would then be able to sustain herself. Throughout her life, <mask> Horner remained nostalgic for her first instrument, with which she her prize-winning recital of classical works Le Jardin secret d'<mask> Horner, and performed many times as a pianist on TV shows. However, she made her débuts at the "Théâtre Impérial" in Tarbes (later renamed "Théâtre des Nouveautés"), which belonged to her paternal grandmother. She played in Pyrenean casinos before moving to Paris, where she

masks:
Yvette Horner
Yvette Hornère
Yvette Hornère
Horner
Yvette
Yvette


texts:
 was a student of Robert Bréard. First awards
In 1938, <mask> <mask> participated, with Freddy Balta and André Lips, in the first accordion world championships organized in Paris, at the Moulin de la Galette, by the Confédération internationale des accordéonistes. She finished second after Freddy Balta. She gave her first concert in 1947 in Paris and, in 1948, she was the first woman to win the Coupe mondiale de l'accordéon.She was awarded the Grand Prix International d'Accordion de Paris in 1953. Artistic career

In 1950, she was awarded the Grand Prix du Disque de l'académie Charles-Cros for her album Le Jardin secret d'Yvette Horner, a recital of classical works performed on piano and accordion. In 1952, the Calor company, sponsor of the Tour de France, offered her the opportunity to join the race, launching her career. She played on a podium at the finish of each stage. Wearing a sombrero and perched on the roof of a Citroën Traction Avant in the Suze brand colours, she repeated this in the following years, accompanying the Tour de France a total of eleven times, from 1952 to 1963. She was also the queen of the Six Days of Paris in 1954. In the 1980s, she died her hair from brown to red and started wearing more extravagant stage outfits (such as the famous "Eiffel Tower Dress") created by fashion designer Jean-Paul Gaultier, who made her one of his muses.In 1987, she became the godmother of the Doudeville Accordion Club, the Cany-Accordeon-Club, directed by its founder, Annie Lacour, who worked at the Schola Cantorum de Paris for five years. In 1989, she took part in the celebrations of

masks: Yvette Horner


texts:
 the bicentenary of the French Revolution by performing on the Place de la Bastille. The following year she starred in a revue at the Casino de Paris. In the 1990s, she appeared on stage with Marcel Azzola, then collaborated with choreographer Maurice Béjart when he staged Tchaikovsky's Nutcracker ballet at the Théâtre du Châtelet in 1999. In 2005 her autobiography, Le Biscuit dans la poche, was published. In June 2006, the musician began a documentary on her life with Canadian director Damian Pettigrew. Her album Double d'Or was released in 2007.In 2009, she went on to take part in her La plus grande guinguette du monde tour. In 2011, the accordionist is invited by singer Julien Doré to participate in the recording of his album Bichon. She also gave her last concert the same year. Her last album, called Hors Norme, is released in May 2012. It is produced by Patrick Brugalières. Guest artists include Lio, Didier Lockwood, Richard Galliano and Marcel Amont. The cover is illustrated by Jean-Paul Gaultier.Death and burial
<mask> Horner died on 11 June 2018, at the age of 95. "She was not ill. She died after a full life," said her agent, Jean-Pierre Brun. She is buried in the Saint-Jean cemetery in Tarbes. Nine months after her death, a bronze statue of <mask> Horner is placed on her funerary monument. She asked sculptor Yves Lacoste in 1994 to create this piece as a tribute to her public, her parents, her husband and those who helped her achieve fame. The final piece is life-size (1.54 m), with a <mask> Horner carried by applauding hands, emerging from a cocoon and grasping an accordion, a

masks: Yvette Yvette Yvette


texts:
 direct replica of the one she used for one of her favourite pieces. Private life
The musician married René Droesch, hailing from Belfort, a footballer with the Girondins de Bordeaux, whom she met in 1936.Droesch interrupted her career to become her manager, her husband and to relieve her of "material worries". <mask> Horner expressed her regret at not having had children with her husband, who died in 1986. In 2005, the accordionist sold her house in Nogent-sur-Marne, where she had lived for about fifty years. She auctioned off personal items at the Hôtel Drouot, including her collection of Jean Paul Gaultier dresses. The sale was held for the benefit of the Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM) and an association for the fight against cancer. After the sale of her Nogent house, the artist lived in an elderly people's residence in Paris. Musical style
According to Maurice Béjart, <mask> Horner "stands between the scholar and the popular".During her career, she has explored many musical styles, which led her to collaborate with classical pianist Samson François, jazz trumpeter Jac Berrocal, American harmonica player Charlie McCoy, with whom she recorded a country-inspired album in Nashville, and Culture Club lead singer Boy George, on a 1994 appearance on Taratata. In 1990, she even released a Eurodance-inspired single, Play Yvette, which she performed with DJ Andy Shafte. Tributes
<mask> <mask> is an honorary citizen of Tarbes and Nogent-sur-Marne. The Yvette-Horner-Île-de-Beauté boardwalk, which runs along the Marne as part of a long-distance hiking trail, has been named after

masks: Yvette Yvette Yvette Horner


texts:
 her in 2007. The foyer of the Théâtre des Nouveautés in Tarbes, a replica of Opéra Garnier's foyer, is named in her honour. In 2008, the musical show La Madone des dancings, les mille vies d'Yvette Horner, adapted by Eudes Labrusse and staged by Dominique Verrier, was presented at Avignon as part of the "off" festival. It is inspired by the radio series Les Grandes Histoires d'Yvette, produced by Sylvie Gasteau and broadcast in 2005 by France Culture.The character of <mask> Horner is portrayed by the actress Antoinette Moya. Awards

Decorations
<mask> Horner received the commandeur de l'ordre national du Mérite necklet on April 17, 2002, given by the Minister of Culture and Communication Catherine Tasca. She was named commandeur de la Légion d'honneur on 22 April 2011 in the portfolio of the Ministry of Culture and Communication, decorated on 28 September 2011 by French President Nicolas Sarkozy. Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur (2011); officier (1996); chevalier (1986)
 Commandeur de l'ordre national du Mérite (2002)

Prizes

 Coupe mondiale de l'accordéon (1948)
 Grand prix de l'Académie Charles-Cros (1950)
 Grand prix international d'accordéon de Paris (1953)

Autobiography

References

External links

Illustrated discography from 1947 to 2012 on Encyclopédisque

1922 births
2018 deaths
People from Tarbes
Burials in Occitania (administrative region)
Women accordionists
French accordionists
20th-century accordionists
21st-century accordionists
21st-century French women musicians
Tour de France people
Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur
Commanders of the National Order of Merit

masks: Yvette Yvette


texts:
<mask> was the stage name of <mask> (25 March 1854 – 2 November 1926), an English singer and actor known for his portrayal of the comic baritone roles in the Savoy Operas. He also appeared in non-musical plays, adaptations of French comic operas and opérettes, and in Edwardian musical comedy, usually in comic roles, though sometimes in more serious character parts. As a skilled ventriloquist he appeared before royalty, and periodically he presented his own one-man entertainment during his half-century long stage career. Life and career

Early years
<mask> was born in Bethnal Green, London, although later he would say that he had been born in Ireland. His parents were <mask> (1820–1901) and his wife Sophia Elizabeth Mackway (1823– 1886), both Londoners. He had a younger brother, Joseph (1858–1931). His father worked as a manager in a pawnshop, where <mask> began his working life.As a young actor he made his first stage appearance at the King's Cross Theatre in London and then travelled with a minstrel troupe, where he developed his gift for ventriloquism. He was engaged in 1879 at the Royalty Theatre, London, where he worked as an understudy and appeared in the chorus of a revival of Stephenson and Sullivan's The Zoo. Later that year he joined the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, serving in the chorus on tour. In July 1879, he survived a boating accident on the River Avon at Bathampton in which two other members of the touring company drowned. He appeared in the single copyright performance of The Pirates of Penzance in Paignton on 30 December 1879, as James, a role that was included in the libretto only for that performance. During 1880 and 1881, he continued in the chorus and also appeared as Mr. Liverby in In the

masks:
John Le Hay
John Mackway Healy
Le Hay
John Healy
Le Hay


texts:
 Sulks, and Benjamin Walker in Four by Honours, curtain-raisers that accompanied H.M.S. Pinafore.<mask> married Marian Lowry (1854–1940), also a member of the D'Oyly Carte company, who performed under the stage name of Marian May for about a decade. The couple had three daughters and a son; two of these, Norah Sophia (1884–1970) and Millicent Marian Rylance (1888–1966), became actresses. From 1881 to 1883, <mask> served as the principal comedian with a D'Oyly Carte touring company, playing J. W. Wells in The Sorcerer, Sir Joseph Porter in H.M.S. Pinafore, and Major General Stanley in Pirates. He also appeared briefly in the tenor role of Ralph Rackstraw in Pinafore and filled in as Frederic in Pirates on one occasion. The Western Mail praised his performance in H.M.S. Pinafore:

<mask> left the D'Oyly Carte company in 1884; he toured as Dick in Vice-Versa and Coombes in the Victorian burlesque Silver Guilt.and played in pantomime, in low comedies with Cooper Cole's Strand Company, and, for a year, was a member of the company headed by Edward Terry at the Gaiety Theatre in London. In 1886 he created the part of Tom Strutt in Alfred Cellier's comic opera Dorothy, and played it throughout its run of 931 performances, which ended on 6 April 1889. A fortnight later he created the role of Crook in Cellier's next opera, Doris. Over the following years, among other roles, he created or played leading roles in various other West End musicals and operettas: Private Smith in The Red Hussar (1889) Jacob in The Black Rover (1890), a revival of the comic opera Les cloches de Corneville alongside <mask> Braham (1890), and Prince Bulbo in Augustus Harris's production of a musical adaptation of The Rose and the Ring (1890–1891). In

masks:
Le Hay
Le Hay
Le Hay
Leonora


texts:
 1891 <mask> played Sir Guy of Gisborne in Maid Marian by Harry B. Smith and Reginald De Koven, after which he rejoined D'Oyly Carte for a year. Initially he was a member of a touring company, playing Punka, Rajah of Chutneypore, in The Nautch Girl. In November Richard D'Oyly Carte brought him to London to play Master Guillot in the British premiere of Messager's The Basoche at the Royal English Opera House; The Era judged it his best performance to date.When The Basoche closed in early 1892 <mask> rejoined the Nautch Girl company, playing Punka for the remainder of the tour. Later in 1892 <mask> played Sacrovir in The Wedding Eve, an adaptation of an opérette by Frédéric Toulmouche, with Decima Moore as its leading lady, after which he recreated his original role of Tom Strutt in a revival of Dorothy. In 1893 he was in The Black Domino, a melodrama starring Mrs. Patrick Campbell, in which <mask> played a character role, and Arthur Williams provided the principal comic relief. The piece was preceded by a curtain-raiser, billed as an "Entertainment", given by <mask>. He rejoined D'Oyly Carte for the last time in late 1893, creating the part of Phantis in Utopia, Limited at the Savoy Theatre, and playing it until the end of the run in June 1894. Later years
Later in 1894 <mask> appeared with Lillian Russell in The Queen of Brilliants, and then as Mats Munck in Gilbert and Carr's comic opera His Excellency. He later played the same part in New York, with a George Edwardes touring company.In 1896, he played Alexander McGregor in the musical comedy My Girl, an Edwardes production written by James T. Tanner, Carr and Adrian Ross, in a West End cast that also included Ellaline Terriss, Willie Warde and Connie Ediss. In

masks:
Le Hay
Le Hay
Le Hay
Le Hay
Le Hay
Le Hay


texts:
 September 1897 <mask> starred with Florence St<mask> in a new production of Offenbach's La Périchole at the Garrick Theatre. Both performers received excellent notices: The Era described her performance as "a complete triumph", and his as "inimitable"; the critic in The Pall Mall Gazette wrote, "Mr <mask> <mask> as the Viceroy was simply admirable. Not only have we not seen this part better rendered, but we can hardly imagine it so. … pure comedy". <mask> appeared in New York as Hassan in Hood and Sullivan's The Rose of Persia (1900, opposite Ruth Vincent as the Sultana), and as Coquenard in the American premiere of Messager's Véronique (1905). He toured America three times and South Africa once.His talents as a ventriloquist were in demand, and he appeared in that capacity on several occasions before King Edward VII at Buckingham Palace and Sandringham. From time to time <mask> appeared solo or with his own small company in sketches at music halls. One of his later theatrical parts was in Thomas Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles in 1925, with Gwen Ffrangcon-Davies in the title role. The reviewer in Punch wrote, "Mr <mask> <mask> gave us a superb little study of an old countryman which richly deserved the enthusiastic applause that rewarded it". On 1 November 1926 <mask> was struck by a car on his way home from the Lyceum Theatre in London, where he had been appearing as Florent, the butler, in The Padre. He died the next day at the age of 77. He was survived by his wife, Marian May, a former D'Oyly Carte performer.References

Sources

External links

Listing of several Cinderella pantomimes in which <mask> appeared
Information about <mask>

English male stage actors
19th-century British male singers
1854

masks:
Le Hay
. John
John Le
Hay
Le Hay
Le Hay
John Le
Hay
Le Hay
Le Hay
Le Hay


texts:
<mask> (born 3 March 1947) is an Australian professional golfer. Although <mask> spent most of his career as a club professional and golf course designer he had success as a touring professional, notably winning the 1977 Victorian Open over Greg Norman and Johnny Miller. By the late 1970s he was considered "undoubtedly the best Australian club professional." Professional career
<mask> turned professional in 1964. He had success as a young professional, winning the 1964 and 1965 Australian Trainee Championships. Overall he won 19 young professional events during this era. In 1966, he began to play in bigger events.In March and April he played on the Asia Golf Circuit. In October he had some success at the West End Tournament in New Zealand, finishing only two behind Walter Godfrey after the second round. In 1969, <mask> began to have serious success as a touring professional. He won the Victorian PGA Championship that year. In February 1970, he opened 69-66 (−11) to find himself only one shot back of Englishman Guy Wolstenholme at the Victorian Open (though he would end up finishing well behind David Graham). For most of career, however, <mask> worked primarily as a club professional and golf course architect. As of August 1972, <mask> was the club pro at Yarra Yarra Golf Club in Bentleigh East, Victoria, a suburb of Melbourne.In 1973, he started the golf architecture company Edward & Geoff Parslow and Associates (EGP) with his brother Ted. <mask>, however, would intermittently play in professional tournaments as a touring professional throughout the 1970s. He finished runner-up at New Zealand's 1975 Southland Charity Golf Classic, four shots behind Bill Brask. <mask> also received much media attention for his

masks:
Geoff Parslow
Parslow
Parslow
Parslow
Parslow
Parslow
Parslow
Parslow


texts: performance at the 1977 Victorian Open. The event was played at his home club, Yarra Yarra, where he would open the club shop in the morning at 9 am. <mask> opened with a two-under-par round. During the second round, three hours after opening the club shop, he went out to play at noon and shot a 63 (−9) to take a 5-shot lead over amateur Kevin Hartley.He tied Tony Jacklin's course record. This was followed by a third round even-par 72 to maintain the five shot lead, this time over Greg Norman. Professionals Johnny Miller, Kel Nagle, and Barry Burgess were a further shot back. In the final round, he recorded a 70 to defeat Norman by four. Alan Cooper finished a shot back in solo third and Nagle and Miller another shot back in a tie for fourth. His performance received much media attention, including from the New York Times. As a club pro, he defeated some of the world's best, in particular reigning Open champion Miller.On 4 July 1977, he qualified for the 1977 Open Championship. However he played poorly at Turnberry, opening with a 79 and missing the cut. Three weeks later, he played in the Callers of Newcastle tournament, a European Tour event. He played well, finishing in a tie for 13th, three out of a playoff. By 1979 he was considered by a golf journalist for the Canberra Times as "undoubtedly the best Australian club professional not playing the circuit full time." Two years after his victory, <mask> again played excellently at the Victorian Open, this time held at Kingston Heath Golf Club. He opened with a one-under-par 71 and then a 72 to tie for the lead.He then shot 75 and 73 over the final two rounds to finish at 291 (+3). Though an "unusually high score" for a good result it was enough to get into a

masks: Parslow Parslow


texts:
 playoff. <mask> played against Rodger Davis and defending Masters champion Gary Player. Player had a five-foot putt to win on the first hole but missed. Davis made a five-metre birdie putt on the next hole to win. <mask> won A$5,900 in the defeat. Later in the year, <mask> qualified for the 1979 Open Championship.He finished T-54 in the event. The following week, he played in the Dutch Open. He shot a course record 66 (−6) in the third round to place himself in a tie for third, just three back. However, amidst the "wet, windy conditions" he fell well back in the final round, losing to compatriot Graham Marsh. In July the following year <mask> won the Australian Four-ball, a team event, with partner Paul Foley. During the ensuing decades <mask> focused mainly on his work as a club pro and golf course designer. In January 1980, <mask> transitioned as a club professional from Yarra Yarra Golf Club to Tweed Heads Golf Club.In 1988, he and his brother designed Murray Downs Golf and Country Club. In the early 1990s, his company expanded into Asia. In 1992, he formed Edward & Geoff Parslow (M) Sdn Bhd to serve clients in Malaysia and ultimately moved offices to Kuala Lumpur. Later that year, they completed their design of the Golf Club Datai Bay in Malaysia. The company has also designed Kuala Lumpur Golf and Country Club, a course that has hosted the PGA Tour. In 1994, they formed the subsidiary Edward & Geoff Parslow (Fareast) Ltd. to serve clients in China. Senior career
In middle of 1997, when he turned 50, <mask> decided to play on the international senior circuit.In 1998, his first full season on the European Seniors Tour, he recorded one top-10 in 18 events and finished 45th on the Order of Merit. Two years

masks: Parslow Parslow Parslow Parslow Parslow Parslow Parslow


texts:
 later, in 2000, he recorded his second top−10, a third place tie at the Belfry PGA Seniors Championship with Kurt Cox, one out of a playoff. He was never able to break through and win, however, or finish within the top-30 of the Order of Merit. His top-10 at the Belfry was his second and final top-10 on the tour. After 2002, he did not play again on tour. He has also played some Asian and Australian senior events. Personal life
<mask> has a brother, Ted.Like <mask>, Ted was a very talented amateur golfer. In addition, Ted holds degrees in Civil Engineering from the University of Melbourne. He dovetailed these skills to be a golf course designer. He has teamed up with <mask>, working together on a golf course design company. As of 1979 <mask> was married. In his spare time he enjoys gardening and surfing. Professional wins (5)

PGA Tour of Australasia wins (1)

PGA Tour of Australasia playoff record (0–1)

Other wins (4)
1964 Australia Trainee Championship
1965 Australia Trainee Championship
1969 Victorian PGA Championship
1980 Australian Four-Ball (with Paul Foley)

Results in major championships

CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" = tied

Source:

References

External links

Australian male golfers
PGA Tour of Australasia golfers
European Senior Tour golfers
1947 births
Living

masks: Parslow Parslow Parslow Parslow


texts:
Sarah Margaret "<mask>" <mask> (born 21 May 1963) is a British Green politician, economist and activist. She served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the South West England from 2014 to 2020. From 2012, until her election as an MEP, she was Professor of Strategy and Sustainability at the University of Roehampton. <mask> speaks for the Green Party on finance and the EU, and is known for her work in the field of co-operative studies. She has published on green economics, localism and anti-capitalism, and has contributed to works on the risks of nuclear power, the use of which she strongly opposes. Early life and education
<mask> was born on 21 May 1963 and was educated at Bath High School for Girls, before reading Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) at Oxford. After working in the publishing industry, in 2001 she earned her Ph.D. from the University of Wales, Aberystwyth (now Aberystwyth University) with a thesis on employment policy in the South Wales Valleys, including research into the Tower Colliery workers' co-operative.Her book, The Pit and the Pendulum, is based on this research. She holds an MSc in advanced social research methods from the Open University. Academic career
After working for the Oxford University Press from 1987 to 1998, <mask> tutored at Aberystwyth University in 2000, then, from 2001 to 2012, was Senior lecturer and Reader in green economics at Cardiff Metropolitan University (known for most of that period as the University of Wales Institute, Cardiff, or UWIC for short). In 2007 she was appointed Director of the Cardiff Institute for Co-operative Studies. In 2012 she became Professor of Strategy and Sustainability at the University of Roehampton. <mask>'s academic work covers three main areas:

masks:
Molly
Scott Cato
Scott Cato
Molly Scott Cato
Scott Cato
Scott Cato


texts:
 firstly the green economy, that is, one which recognises planetary limits and achieves social justice; secondly the economics of co-operatives and social enterprises, and finally critical analysis of the existing monetary system, and alternatives which might replace it. Publications
She has published widely on green economics, localism and anti-capitalism.She wrote Seven Myths About Work in 1996, updating it in 2002 under the title Arbeit Macht Frei and Other Lies about Work. She co-edited Green Economics: Beyond Supply and Demand to Meeting People's Needs in 1999 with Miriam Kennet. Her report, co-authored with Christopher Busby and Richard Bramhall, on the structure of government specialist science advice committees, I Don't Know Much About Science, apparently "influenced the structure of the government's new committee examining the effects of low-level radiation". In 2009 she published Green Economics: An Introduction to Theory, Policy and Practice, where she argues that society should be embedded within the ecosystem, and that markets and economies are social structures that should respond to social and environmental priorities. She includes examples of effective green policies that are already being implemented across the world policy prescriptions for issues including climate change, localization, citizens' income, economic measurement, ecotaxes and trade. In his review of the book in the Journal of Economic Geography Danny Dorling called it "a serious book written by the grown-up version of the kinds of people who are currently invading airports, chaining themselves to those coal trucks on the way to power stations and populating climate camps". Her 2011 book Environment and Economy describes the main academic responses to the need


texts:
 to resolve the tension between economy and environment: environmental economics, ecological economics, green economics, and anti-capitalist economics.It covers topics including an introduction to economic instruments such as taxes and regulation; pollution and resource depletion; growth; globalization vs. localization and climate change. Political career

<mask> joined the UK Green Party in 1988, before it became three separate parties for England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland in 1990. She has been Co-Chair of the Green Party Regional Council and served on the Green Party Executive as Campaigns Co-ordinator. She wrote Seven Myths About Work as part of a Green Party campaign, Why Work?. She speaks for the Green Party on finance and the EU. Candidate for the UK Parliament
<mask> stood as the Green Party candidate for the Preseli Pembrokeshire constituency at the 1997 and 2005 general elections, coming sixth. For 2017, <mask> was selected by the party to stand for the constituency which saw its greatest-swing result in 2015, Bristol West, where the party had been placed second – a seat with a high student and academic contingent to its electorate.She was endorsed by Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall. She finished in third place in the 2017 election, with the Green share of the vote dropping from 26.8% to 12.9%. In the 2019 election, she stood in Stroud, with the Liberal Democrats standing down in the constituency and endorsing her as the Unite to Remain candidate. She came third, with 4,954 votes, 7.5% of the total and up 5.3% from 2017. Local council
In May 2011, <mask> was elected to represent Valley Ward on Stroud District Council. In May 2012, she became leader of the Green Group on the council and made an agreement with the Labour

masks:
Scott Cato
Scott Cato
Scott Cato
Scott Cato


texts:
 and Liberal Democrat groups to take overall control of the council, calling for "constructive co-operation" and rejecting the "tribalism of party politics" in favour of a "more inclusive" approach. She said, "We believe that no one party has a monopoly on good ideas and we will seek co-operation to achieve advances of our policy platform on an issue-by-issue basis."She became chairman of the council's Audit and Standards Committee in May 2013. At the council's AGM in June 2014, <mask> announced her resignation, to take effect from 1 July, the start of her mandate in the European Parliament. European Parliament

In the May 2014 elections for the European Parliament, she was elected as an MEP in South West England for the Green Party, being the lead candidate on the party's list. The Green Party's share of the vote in her region was, at 11.1%, the highest of any electoral region. She had stood for the European Parliament on the Green Party list for the South West region at the previous election in 2009; in 1999 and 2004 she had been on the Green Party list in Wales. She stated, after her election, that her priorities as an MEP would be finance and farming: "I'm from the South West – it's vital to our region, and I hope to get farming working in a more socially and environmentally friendly way". On 1 July 2014, the start of her mandate, she was appointed a full member of the Parliament's Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and a substitute member of the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development.In her first speech, also on 1 July, she expressed her opposition to the UK government's attempt to take away from her region control of £450 million EU convergence funding, saying: "Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly have a long history of


texts:
 using these funds efficiently and effectively". In May 2019, <mask> was re-elected in the 2019 European elections. She was the only Green MEP in the South West England constituency and was elected on a vote share of 18.1% (up 7% from 2014). Localism and community involvement
In addition to her work on Stroud District Council, <mask> <mask> has, since 2007, been a director of Stroud Common Wealth, a not-for-profit private company, limited by guarantee, which owns and develops property "for community benefit and to enable social enterprise development." She was a director from 2009 to 2012 of Transition Stroud, which aims to strengthen the community's local economy, to reduce dependence on fossil fuel and to prepare for climate change. Transition Stroud is part of the Transition Towns network. Shortly after she moved to Stroud in 2006, she joined Stroud Community Agriculture (SCA), and was elected to its "core group" of members.SCA is a community-supported agriculture project, organised as a co-operative, which provides locally produced organic food for its members. In 2009, <mask> was one of the founders of the Stroud pound. In 2012, she had an article about local currency published in the International Journal of Community Currency Research. Other activities
<mask> <mask> was a member of the Management Committee of the Association for Heterodox Economics from 2010 to 2014 and is on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Co-operative Studies, published by the UK Society for Co-operative Studies. She formerly served as a member of the Advisory Group of the Equality Trust. She was, from November 2010 to September 2013, a director and trustee of Meadow Prospect, the charitable branch of RCT Homes, a large social housing provider based in

masks:
Scott Cato
Molly Scott
Cato
Scott Cato
Molly Scott
Cato


texts:
 Rhondda Cynon Taf (RCT), and itself an Industrial and provident society with charitable rules. She is a Distinguished Fellow of the Schumacher Institute.Together with Patrick Adams and her then partner, Christopher Busby, she founded Green Audit, an environmental consultancy and publishing organisation, in 1992, but later left the organisation, which continues to be run under Busby's direction. <mask> supports the EU boycott of goods from illegal Israeli settlements beyond the Green Line, thinks that this boycott should be widened, and supports measures to ensure that the illegal settlements should be excluded from EU relations with Israel. Her sympathy for the Palestinians dates back to time spent teaching in the West Bank when she was a student. In October 2018, she signed the call to action supporting Extinction Rebellion. Personal life
<mask> is a Quaker. She has three children and lives in Stroud, Gloucestershire. Bibliography
 by <mask> <mask>

 with other authors

 online at archive.org

 Papers and articles
 List of scholarly papers at SSRN
 List of recent articles

See also
 List of members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom, 2019–20
 List of members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom, 2014–2019
 Energiewende in Germany
 List of peace activists

Notes

Sources

External links

 Profile at the European Parliament site

 "Gaian Economics" blog
 "Green Economist" personal website
 Academic profile at academia.edu
 Stroud green party blog

1963 births
21st-century women MEPs for England
Alumni of Aberystwyth University
Alumni of the University of Oxford
British anti–nuclear power activists
British anti–nuclear weapons activists
British bloggers
British economists
British environmentalists
British

masks:
Scott Cato
Scott Cato
Molly Scott
Cato


texts:
 political writers
British Quakers
British women bloggers
British women economists
British women environmentalists
Critics of work and the work ethic
Environmental economists
Green Party of England and Wales MEPs
Green Party of England and Wales parliamentary candidates
Living people
MEPs for England 2014–2019
MEPs for England 2019–2020
People educated at Bath High School for Girls
People from Bath, Somerset
Universal basic income in the United


texts:
Norma Deloris Egstrom (May 26, 1920 – January 21, 2002), known professionally as <mask>, was an American jazz and popular music singer, songwriter, composer, and actress, over a career spanning seven decades. From her beginning as a vocalist on local radio to singing with Benny Goodman's big band, <mask> created  a sophisticated persona, writing music for films, acting, and recording conceptual record albums combining poetry and music. <mask> recorded over 1,100 masters and composed over 270 songs. Early life
<mask> was born Norma Deloris Egstrom in Jamestown, North Dakota, United States, on May 26, 1920, the seventh of the eight children of Selma Emele (née Anderson) Egstrom and Marvin Olaf Egstrom, a station agent for the Midland Continental Railroad. Her family were Lutherans. Her father was Swedish-American and her mother was Norwegian-American. After her mother died when <mask> was four, her father married Minnie Schaumberg Wiese.<mask> and her family lived in several towns along the Midland Continental Railroad (Jamestown, Nortonville and Wimbledon). She graduated from Wimbledon High School in 1937. The Wimbledon depot building, where she and her family lived and worked, became the Midland Continental Depot Transportation Museum, featuring The Peggy Lee Exhibit, in 2012. The upper floor of the museum, where the Egstrom family once lived, features exhibits that trace <mask>'s career and her regional and state connection. In Wimbledon, <mask> was the female singer for a six-piece college

masks:
Peggy Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
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Lee


texts: dance band with leader Lyle "Doc" Haines. She traveled to various locations with Haines' quintet on Fridays after school and on weekends. <mask> first sang professionally over KOVC radio in Valley City, North Dakota in 1936.She later had her own 15-minute Saturday radio show sponsored by a local restaurant that paid her salary in food. Both during and after her high-school years, <mask> sang for small sums on local radio stations. In October 1937, radio personality Ken Kennedy, of WDAY in Fargo (the most widely heard station in North Dakota), auditioned Egstrom and put her on the air that day, but not before he changed her name to <mask>. <mask> left home and traveled to Hollywood, California at the age of 17 in March 1938. Her first job was seasonal work on Balboa Island, Newport Beach as a short order cook and waitress at Harry's Cafe. When the job ended after Easter, she was hired to work as a carnival barker at the Balboa Fun Zone. She wrote about this experience in the song, "The Nickel Ride", which she composed with Dave Grusin for the 1974 film of the same name.Later in 1938, <mask> returned to Hollywood to audition for the MC at The Jade. Her employment was cut short when she fainted onstage due to overwork and an inadequate diet. After she was taken to the Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center she was told she needed a tonsillectomy. <mask> returned to North Dakota for the operation. The following year, remaining in North Dakota, she was hired to perform regularly at The Powers

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Lee
Lee
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Lee


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 Hotel in Fargo, and toured with both the Sev Olson and the Will Osborne Orchestras. When <mask> returned to California in 1940, she took a job singing at The Doll House in Palm Springs. Here, she developed her trademark sultry purr, having decided to compete with the noisy crowd with subtlety rather than volume.While performing at The Doll House, <mask> met Frank Bering, the owner of the Ambassador East and West in Chicago. He offered her a gig at the Buttery Room, a nightclub in the Ambassador Hotel West. There, she was noticed by bandleader Benny Goodman. According to <mask>:

She joined his band in August 1941 and made her first recording, singing "Elmer's Tune". <mask> stayed with the Benny Goodman Orchestra for two years. Recording career
In 1942, <mask> had her first number-one hit, "Somebody Else Is Taking My Place", followed in 1943 by "Why Don't You Do Right? ", which sold more than one million copies and made her famous.She sang with Goodman's orchestra in two 1943 films, Stage Door Canteen and The Powers Girl. In March 1943, <mask> married Dave Barbour, a guitarist in Goodman's band. <mask> said:

She drifted back to songwriting and occasional recording sessions for Capitol Records in 1944, for whom she recorded a long string of hits, many of them with lyrics and music by <mask> and Barbour, including "I Don't Know Enough About You" and "It's a Good Day". Her recording of "Golden Earrings", the title song of a 1947 movie, was a hit throughout 1947–1948. "Mañana", written by

masks: Lee Lee Lee Lee Lee Lee Lee Lee


texts: <mask> and Barbour, was her eleventh solo hit recording, and remained on the charts for twenty-one weeks, nine of which were in the number one position. The song sold over a million copies, and earned the Top Disc Jockey Record of the Year award from Billboard magazine. From 1946 to 1949, <mask> also recorded for Capitol's library of electrical transcriptions for radio stations.An advertisement for Capitol Transcriptions in a trade magazine noted that the transcriptions included "special voice introductions by <mask>". In 1948, <mask> joined vocalists Perry Como and Jo Stafford as a host of the NBC Radio musical program The Chesterfield Supper Club. She was a regular on The Jimmy Durante Show and appeared frequently on Bing Crosby's radio shows during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Her relationship with Capitol spanned almost three decades aside from a brief detour (1952–1956) at Decca. For that label, she recorded Black Coffee and had hit singles such as "Lover" and "Mister Wonderful". In 1958, she recorded her own version of "Fever" by Little Willie John, written by Eddie Cooley and John Davenport,. <mask> created a new arrangement for the song, and added lyrics ("Romeo loved Juliet", "Captain Smith and Pocahontas"), which she neglected to copyright.Her new version of "Fever" was a hit, and was nominated in three categories at the First Annual Grammy Awards in 1959, including Record of the Year and Song of the Year. While <mask> was in London for a 1970 engagement at Royal Albert Hall,

masks: Lee Lee Peggy Lee Lee Lee


texts:
 she invited Paul and Linda McCartney to dinner at The Dorchester. At the dinner, the couple gifted <mask> with a song they had written entitled, "Let's Love". In July 1974, with Paul McCartney producing, <mask> recorded the song at the Record Plant in Los Angeles, and it became the title track for her 40th album, her first and only on Atlantic Records. Acting career
<mask> starred opposite Danny Thomas in The Jazz Singer (1952), a remake of the Al Jolson film, The Jazz Singer (1927). She played an alcoholic blues singer in Pete Kelly's Blues (1955), for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. <mask> provided speaking and singing voices for several characters in the Disney movie Lady and the Tramp (1955), playing the human Darling, the dog Peg, and the two Siamese cats, Si and Am.She also co-wrote, with Sonny Burke all of the original songs for the film, including "He's A Tramp", "Bella Notte", "La La Lu", "The Siamese Cat Song", and "Peace on Earth". In 1987, when Lady and the Tramp was released on VHS, <mask> sought performance and song royalties on the video sales. When Disney refused to pay, she filed a lawsuit in 1988. After a prolonged legal battle, in 1992, <mask> was awarded $2.3 million for breach of contract, plus $500,000 for unjust enrichment, $600,000 for illegal use of <mask>'s voice and $400,000 for the use of her name. <mask> also wrote the lyrics for "Johnny Guitar" (with music composer Victor Young), the title track of the 1954 film,

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Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
Peggy Lee


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 Johnny Guitar, which she sings partially at the end of the movie. During her career, <mask> appeared in hundreds of variety shows, and several TV movies and specials. Personal life
<mask> was married four times: to guitarist and composer Dave Barbour (1943–1951), actor Brad Dexter (1953), actor Dewey Martin (1956–1958), and percussionist Jack Del Rio (1964).All the marriages ended in divorce. She gave birth to her only child at age 23, daughter Nicki <mask>, on November 11, 1943. Nicki's father was <mask>'s first husband, Dave Barbour. Death
<mask> continued to perform into the 1990s, sometimes using a wheelchair. After years of poor health, she died of complications from diabetes and a heart attack on January 21, 2002, at the age of 81. She was cremated and her ashes were buried with a bench-style monument in Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles. Awards and honors
<mask> was nominated for 13 Grammy Awards.In 1969, her hit "Is That All There Is?" won her the Grammy for Best Contemporary Vocal Performance. In 1995, she was given the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. She received the Rough Rider Award from the state of North Dakota in 1975, the Pied Piper Award from the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers in 1990, the Ella Award for Lifetime Achievement from the Society of Singers in 1994, the Living Legacy Award from the Women's International Center in 1994, and the Presidents Award from the Songwriters Guild of America in 1999. Other honors include

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Lee
Lee
Lee Foster
Peggy
Lee
Lee


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 induction into the Big Band Jazz Hall of Fame in 1992, the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1999, and the Songbook Hall of Fame from the Great American Songbook Foundation in 2020. Tributes and legacy
<mask> is often cited as the inspiration for the Margarita cocktail. In 1948, after a trip to Mexico, she and her husband ventured into the Balinese Room in Galveston, Texas.She requested a drink similar to one she had in Mexico, and the head bartender, Santos Cruz, created the Margarita, and named it after the Spanish version of <mask>'s name. <mask> was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for Recording in 1960. The star is located at 6319 Hollywood Boulevard in California. Baseball's Tug McGraw, whose career with both the New York Mets and Philadelphia Phillies ranged from 1965 to 1984, named one of his pitches the <mask>. He explained to the Philadelphia Inquirer: "That's the one where the hitter is out in front of it and says, 'Is that all there is?'" In 1971, <mask> sang the Lord's Prayer at the funeral of Louis Armstrong. The designer of the Miss Piggy Muppet, Bonnie Erickson, who grew up in <mask>'s home state of North Dakota, used the singer as inspiration for the Miss Piggy character in 1974.Originally called Miss Piggy <mask>, her name was shortened to Miss Piggy when the Muppet gained fame. In 1975, <mask> received an honorary doctorate in music from North Dakota State University, and in 2000, she received another from Jamestown University. In 1983, <mask> had a hybrid tea rose

masks:
Lee
Peggy
Lee
Peggy Lee
Lee
Lee
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texts:
 named in her honor that was pink with a touch of peach. The Peggy Lee Rose was the 1983 American Beauty Rose of the Year. In 2003, "There'll Be Another Spring: A Tribute to Miss Peggy Lee" was held at Carnegie Hall. Produced by recording artist Richard Barone, the sold-out event included performances by Cy Coleman, Debbie Harry, Nancy Sinatra, Rita Moreno, Marian McPartland, Chris Connor, Petula Clark, Maria Muldaur, Dee Dee Bridgewater, Quincy Jones, Shirley Horn, and others. In 2004, Barone brought the event to a sold-out Hollywood Bowl, and then to Chicago's Ravinia Festival, with expanded casts including Maureen McGovern, Jack Jones, and Bea Arthur.The Carnegie Hall concert was broadcast on NPR's JazzSet. On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of <mask>'s birth, May 26, 2020, The Grammy Museum hosted an online panel discussion featuring musicians Billie Eilish, k.d. lang, Eric Burton (The Black Pumas), as well as <mask>'s granddaughter, Holly Foster Wells, and the author of <mask>: A Century of Song, Dr. Tish Oney. <mask> has been noted as a musical influence on other artists such as Paul McCartney, Madonna, Beyoncé, k.d. lang, Elvis Costello, Diana Krall, Dusty Springfield, Rita Coolidge, Rita Moreno, and Billie Eilish. In 2020, the ASCAP Foundation, along with <mask>'s family, established the annual Peggy Lee Songwriter Award. The inaugural award went to Michael Blum and Jenna Lotti for their song, "Fake ID".Discography

 Rendezvous with <mask> (Capitol, 1948)
 Benny Goodman and

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Peggy Lee
Lee
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texts:
 <mask> (Columbia, 1949)
 My Best to You: <mask> Sings (Capitol, 1950)
 Road to Bali: Selections from the Paramount Picture (Decca, 1952)
 Selections from Irving Berlin's White Christmas (Decca, 1954)
 Peggy: Songs in an Intimate Style (Decca, 1954)
 Songs from Pete Kelly's Blues (Decca, 1955)
 Songs from Walt Disney's Lady and the Tramp (Decca, 1955)
 Black Coffee (Decca, 1956)
 The Man I Love (Capitol, 1957)
 <mask> Sings with Benny Goodman (Harmony, 1957)
 Dream Street (Decca, 1957)
 Rendezvous with <mask> (Capitol, 1957)
 Jump for Joy (Capitol, 1958)
 Things Are Swingin' (Capitol, 1958)
 Miss Wonderful (Decca, 1958)
 Sea Shells (Decca, 1958)
 Beauty and the Beat! with George Shearing (Capitol, 1959)
 I Like Men! (Capitol, 1959)
 Christmas Carousel (Capitol, 1960)
 Latin ala Lee! (Capitol, 1960)
 Pretty Eyes (Capitol, 1960)
 Basin Street East Proudly Presents Miss <mask> (Capitol, 1961)
 If You Go (Capitol, 1961)
 Olé ala <mask> (Capitol, 1960)
 All Aglow Again! (1960)
 Sugar 'n' Spice (Capitol, 1962)
 Blues Cross Country (Capitol, 1962)
 The Fabulous Peggy Lee (Decca, 1963)
 Mink Jazz (Capitol, 1963)
 The Fabulous Miss Lee (World Record Club, 1963)
 I'm a Woman (Capitol, 1963)
 Lover (Decca, 1963)
 In the Name of Love (Capitol, 1964)
 In Love Again! (Capitol, 1964)
 Then Was Then – Now Is Now! (Capitol, 1965)
 Pass Me By (Capitol, 1965)
 Happy Holiday (Capitol, 1965)
 Guitars a là Lee  (Capitol, 1966)
 Big $pender (Capitol, 1966)
 So Blue (Vocalion, 1966)
 Extra Special!(Capitol, 1967)

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Peggy Lee
Peggy Lee
Peggy Lee
Peggy Lee
Peggy Lee
Lee


texts:
 Somethin' Groovy! (Capitol, 1967)
 2 Shows Nightly (Capitol, 1968)
 Is That All There Is? In addition to her own material to sing, she was hired to score and compose songs for movies. For the Disney movie Lady and the Tramp, she co-composed all of the original songs with Burke, and supplied the singing and speaking voices of four characters. Over the years, her songwriting collaborators included David Barbour, Laurindo Almeida, Harold Arlen, Sonny Burke, Cy Coleman, Duke Ellington, Dave Grusin, Quincy Jones, Francis Lai, Jack Marshall, Johnny Mandel, Marian McPartland, Willard Robison, Lalo Schifrin, and Victor Young. Her first published song was in 1941, "Little Fool". "What More Can a Woman Do?"was recorded by Sarah Vaughan with Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker. "Mañana (Is Soon Enough for Me)" was number one on the Billboard singles chart for nine weeks in 1948, from the week of March 13 to May 8. <mask> was a mainstay of Capitol Records when rock and roll came onto the American music scene. She was among the first of the "old guard" to recognize this new genre, as seen by her recording music from the Beatles, Randy Newman, Carole King, James Taylor, and other up-and-coming songwriters. From 1957 until her final disc for the company in 1972, she produced a steady stream of two or three albums per year that usually included standards (often arranged quite differently from the original), her own compositions, and material from young artists. Many of her compositions have become


texts:
 standards, performed by singers such as Tony Bennett, Nat King Cole, Natalie Cole, Bing Crosby, Doris Day, Ella Fitzgerald, Judy Garland, Diana Krall, Queen Latifah, Barry Manilow, Bette Midler, Janelle Monae, Nina Simone, Regina Spektor, Sarah Vaughan and others. Chart hits

Singles

Albums

Bibliography
 Friedwald, Will.Liner notes for The Best of <mask> Lee: The Capitol Years. Gavin, James. Is That All There Is? – The Strange Life of <mask>. Atria Books, 2014. <mask>, <mask>. Miss Peggy Lee: An Autobiography.Donald I. Fine, 1989. Oney, Dr. Tish Oney, <mask>: A Century of Song. Rowman & Littlefield, 2020. Richmond, Peter, Fever: The Life and Music of Miss Peggy <mask>. Henry Holt and Company, 2006. Strom, Robert.Miss <mask>: A Career Chronicle. McFarland Publishing, 2005. References

External links

 <mask> Discography

 Review of a <mask> biography by Mark Steyn
 <mask> Interview NAMM Oral History Library (1994)

1920 births
2002 deaths
20th-century American actresses
20th-century American composers
20th-century American singers
20th-century American women singers
20th-century jazz composers
20th-century Lutherans
20th-century women composers
A&M Records artists
American autobiographers
American contraltos
American jazz composers
American Lutherans
American people of Norwegian descent
American people of Swedish descent
American radio personalities
American voice actresses
American women composers
American women jazz singers
American women pop singers
Atlantic Records artists
Big

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 band singers
Burials at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery
Capitol Records artists
Chesky Records artists
Deaths from diabetes
Decca Records artists
Grammy Award winners
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners
People from Jamestown, North Dakota
Polydor Records artists
Singers from North Dakota
Songwriters from North Dakota
Torch singers
Traditional pop music singers
Women autobiographers
Women jazz


texts:
<mask> (born September 23, 1958) is an American former basketball player. Blume achieved his greatest career success at the collegiate level as a guard for an Oregon State University Beavers men's basketball. During <mask>'s four-year tenure the team went 86–27 and made the NCAA tournament twice. <mask> won All-American honors in 1980 and was All-Conference in 1980 and 1981. He was inducted into the Oregon State Athletic Hall of Fame in 2004 and into the Pac-12 Conference Basketball Hall of Honor in 2017. Blume spent the 1981–82 season as a reserve for the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association before playing the sport professionally in Europe. Biography

Early years

<mask>, commonly known by his middle name, was born September 23, 1958 in Valdosta, Georgia.He attended Parkrose High School in Portland, Oregon, for whom he played basketball. Collegiate career

<mask> was recruited to Oregon State University by future Naismith Hall of Fame coach Ralph Miller. He was part of a 7 freshman recruiting class which joined 6 sophomores in making the 1977–78 OSU team the youngest in school history. Joining the 6'4" Blume on the 1977–78 OSU team was Rose City backcourt rival Mark Radford, at 6'3" another tall guard who would later spend time in the NBA. While <mask> came off the bench during his freshman year, from the 1978–79 through the 1980–81 seasons, <mask> and Radford would comprise a potent backcourt combination for OSU, helping take the team to the NCAA tournament during the pair's junior and senior seasons. The Beavers finished Blume's freshman campaign with a record of 16 wins and 11 losses, with the curly-haired freshman coming off the bench to see action in all but two games. <mask>'s place was an important one, averaging nearly 16 minutes of game time over the course of the year, during which he scored an average of 6.2 points and garnered better than a steal per game.The season was the first of four in succession for <mask> during which he made at least 50% of his shots taken from the floor, finishing the year with a field goal percentage of .521. OSU showed

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Bernard Ray Blume
Blume
Blume
Bernard Ray Blume
Blume
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Blume


texts: some improvement during <mask>'s second year — a season in which he cracked the starting lineup for the opener. <mask>'s path to the starting five was paved by the decision of previous starter Brian Hilliard not to return to OSU to play his junior season owing to a nagging injury and loss of focus. <mask> took the keys to the car and never looked back, finishing the season shooting .500 en route to a scoring average of 13.4 points per game, with his backcourt mate Radford putting up very comparable numbers. Together with 6'11 center Steve Johnson, another future NBA talent, OSU was tapped for post-season play in the National Invitational Tournament (NIT), bowing out in the first round. The 1979–80 season was a breakout year for Oregon State men's basketball — with the team winning the Pac-10 title with an overall record of 26–4, topping out at #2 in the national polls, and gaining a regional 2-seed in the 48-team NCAA postseason tournament. The season also proved to be a break-out year for <mask> personally.During this first of two extremely successful seasons, <mask> logged more than 1100 minutes of action, upping his scoring average to 15.4 points per game as well as his shooting percentage, which finally rested at .564. <mask> added averages of 2.2 steals per game and 4.5 assists to his résumé, garnering national attention with 2nd team All-American honors. <mask>'s senior campaign, 1980–81, is the legendary year of Ralph Miller's "Orange Express" — a season in which the team reeled off 26 consecutive victories, again winning the Pac-10 title with a record of 17–1, and sitting #1 in the polls for nearly 2 months. To the senior starting core of <mask>, Radford, and Johnson were added two more future NBA players, small forward JC-transfer Lester Conner and highly touted Oregon-born freshman power forward Charlie Sitton. Blume again combined shooting chops with defensive prowess, finishing the year with double-digit scoring on a much deeper team and upping his shooting percentage to a career high .569. He also managed to steal the ball 50 times for the third straight year and

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Blume
Blume
Blume
Ray Blume
Blume
Blume
Ray Blume
Blume


texts:
 averaged 3.6 assists in Ralph Miller's old school "no bounce passes," backdoor-cutting offense. The dream season came to a bitter close, however, with the team dropping its home finale to Alton Lister, Fat Lever, and the potent Arizona State Sun Devils before a shocking first-round exit in the 1981 NCAA Division-I basketball tournament.A stellar defender as well as a dangerous perimeter shooter in the years before the 3 point basket, Blume amassed 205 steals in his 111 games as a Beaver, an average of better than 1.8 steals per contest. He finished his OSU career with a scoring average of 11.6 points per game. <mask> was selected for the OSU Athletics Hall of Fame in 2004 and named to the Pac-12 Basketball Hall of Honor in 2017. Professional career

<mask> was selected by the Indiana Pacers in the 2nd round (36th pick overall) of the 1981 NBA Draft and traded immediately to the Chicago Bulls along with a future 2nd round pick in exchange for Mike Oliver. Blume played for the Bulls during the 1981–82 season, appearing in 49 games, starting twice. During his brief stint in the association, Blume scored 4.6 points per game during an average of just over 11 minutes of action. <mask> was sold by the Bulls to the NBA's San Diego Clippers on October 8, 1982 but he never saw regular season game action with the team.<mask> was waived by the club on October 28, 1982. After his short NBA career was over, <mask> played basketball professionally in Europe. Life after basketball

Following his professional basketball career, <mask> returned to Portland, Oregon and began a lengthy career in the public sector working for the Multnomah County Roads Department. Footnotes

External links
 <mask> Career Statistics, www.basketball-reference.com

1958 births
Living people
All-American college men's basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in France
American men's basketball players
Basketball players from Georgia (U.S. state)
Chicago Bulls players
Indiana Pacers draft picks
Oregon State Beavers men's basketball players
Parkrose High School alumni
People from Valdosta, Georgia
Point

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Sir <mask>  (May 3, 1814 – December 14, 1892) was a Canadian lawyer and politician, and a Father of Confederation. He was based in Nova Scotia for most of his career, though he also served as first Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba from 1870 to 1872. <mask> was born in Truro to a prominent family in Nova Scotian politics. He was the son of <mask>, and grandson of <mask>, judge of the court of common pleas, Nova Scotia. He was also related to Samuel G. W<mask>, who had served as the province's Attorney General from 1830 to 1841. Sir <mask> studied science and medicine for a few years, subsequently articled in law, and was called to the Nova Scotia bar in January 1839. He held a number of local offices over the next decade, and was appointed a probate judge in 1848.Political career
<mask> was elected to the Nova Scotia legislature in 1851 as a supporter of Joseph Howe's governing Reformers, topping the poll in the two-member riding of Colchester County. Once in the legislature, <mask> frequently took positions that were opposed by other members of the Liberal caucus. He supported elected municipal governments, for instance, and was a vociferous proponent of taxation for a state-run school system (regarded by many Nova Scotia Liberals as an unnecessary expense). <mask> also supported reciprocity with the United States, and opposed any efforts to expand the province's electoral franchise. <mask> was re-elected in 1855, and was appointed Solicitor General of Nova Scotia on August 14, 1856. His term in office was cut short by a sectarian quarrel in the legislature, which occurred after the President of the Charitable Irish Society was dismissed from his government job and charged with treason. The Liberal government had previously been supported by a majority of the province's Catholic population, but in early 1857 eight Catholic Liberals

masks:
Adams George Archibald
Archibald
Samuel Archibald
James Archibald
. Archibald
Adams Archibald
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald


texts: and two Protestant Liberals from Catholic ridings defected to the Conservative opposition, which was then able to form government.<mask> was forced to resign his position on February 21, 1857. In the provincial election of 1859, Howe's Liberals were returned to office on a platform of defending Protestant interests. This was essentially a cynical appeal to popular prejudice, and no significant actions were taken against the province's Catholics following the election. <mask> did not run, but was nevertheless appointed Attorney General in Howe's government on February 10, 1860. He returned to parliament following a by-election victory on March 8, 1860. In his new capacity, <mask> was a leading proponent of provincial railway development, even following the economic downturn of 1862. In December 1862, Premier Howe was appointed Imperial Fisheries Commissioner by the British government.<mask> succeeded him as Liberal leader, although Howe continued to serve as Premier until the next election was called. In early 1863, Howe's outgoing ministry passed a bill which re-introduced property qualifications for voters. The bill did not become law before the provincial election of May 1863, however, and it was largely due to the bill's unpopularity that <mask>'s Liberals were dealt a crushing defeat. The party won only 14 seats out of 55, though <mask> was personally re-elected in Colchester South. Despite serving as leader of the opposition from 1863 to 1867, <mask> frequently sided with the Conservative ministry against his own caucus on important legislative initiatives. He supported the education tax plan put forward by Charles Tupper's government, although it was opposed by most members of his own party. <mask> was later the Nova Scotia Liberal Party's representative to the first conference on Canadian Confederation, held at Charlottetown,

masks: Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald


texts: Prince Edward Island in 1864.Following the conference, he was the only member of the Liberal caucus to support Nova Scotia's entry into confederation. <mask> faced a leadership challenge from anti-confederate William Annand in 1866, but emerged victorious. When Nova Scotia joined the new nation of Canada on July 1, 1867, <mask> was appointed Secretary of State for the Provinces in the cabinet of John A. Macdonald. Nova Scotia's political system was transformed by the debate on Confederation, and its concurrent provincial and federal elections in September 1867 were fought by Confederation and anti-Confederation parties, rather than by Liberals and Conservatives. The Confederation Party suffered a massive defeat, and <mask> (despite spending a very large sum of money) was defeated by <mask> in the riding of Colchester. He resigned his cabinet post on April 30, 1868. Popular opinion in Nova Scotia subsequently shifted in favour of Confederation, particularly after one-time anti-confederate Joseph Howe joined Macdonald's government in 1869.McLelan followed Howe to the Confederation side, and was appointed to the Senate in August 1869. This allowed <mask> to run for the riding in a by-election, in which he defeated Liberal Frederick Pearson, 1585 votes to 1230. <mask> was by this time a Liberal-Conservative, and continued to support the Macdonald government in parliament (though he was not re-appointed to cabinet). In 1870, <mask> gave a speech in favour of conciliation towards the leaders of the Red River Rebellion in Manitoba. This was noticed by <mask> Cartier, who was the de facto leader of the Canadian government while Macdonald was recovering from a serious illness. Cartier asked <mask> to become the first Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories. Although he had little interest in the region, he agreed on

masks:
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald McLelan
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald
George Étienne
Archibald


texts: condition that he be appointed to the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia after serving a single term.<mask> was sworn into office in August 1870, in Niagara Falls, Ontario. He then travelled to Manitoba, and began piecing together the province's first government. There was considerable antagonism between the province's Métis population and recently arrived soldiers from Ontario, and <mask> had difficulties finding suitable candidates to work with him. Until January 1871, the only members of his cabinet were local merchant Alfred Boyd and Marc-Amable Girard, a recent arrival from Quebec. <mask> himself was the province's de facto Premier, and often determined policy without consulting his ministers. Despite opposition from many of the province's Anglophones, <mask> was able to settle the province's electoral boundaries by December 1870. <mask> himself was the leader of the government side in the election which followed; the francophone population was mostly united in support of him, while John Christian Schultz led a group of ultra-loyalist Anglophones who opposed the conciliation policy.<mask> was successful, as Schultz's opposition won only five seats and Schultz was personally defeated in Winnipeg and St. John. <mask> put together a five-member cabinet in January 1871, which included Boyd, Girard, Henry Joseph Clarke, James Mackay and Thomas Howard — a group which balanced the province's ethnic, religious and linguistic divisions. <mask> himself remained the real Premier. <mask> continued to pursue a policy of conciliation with the province's Métis population, encouraging them to register their lands and even meeting with Louis Riel after an armed Métis band had defended the government against Fenian invaders from America. His real intentions were to prevent another Métis uprising in the short-term, and to allow for the gradual hegemony

masks: Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald Archibald


texts: of new Canadian settlers in the region. Nevertheless, the specifics of his conciliation policy were opposed by Macdonald and Howe alike (Howe was by this time Macdonald's Indian Affairs minister). In the face of this opposition, <mask> submitted his resignation in late 1871.Macdonald initially had difficulty finding a replacement and asked <mask> to reconsider. The federal government chose Francis Godschall Johnson as his replacement on April 9, 1872, but this commission was revoked before Johnson was sworn in. It was not until October 1872 that <mask> returned to Ontario. <mask> was not immediately appointed to the Nova Scotia court, and was instead made a director of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company in February 1873. He was finally appointed to the bench in June, but withdrew days later to be appointed Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (former Conservative Premier James W. Johnston initially received this appointment, but withdrew due to ill health). This position required less intervention than <mask> had exercised in Manitoba, although he attended cabinet meetings in 1873 and 1874. After 1876, he came to regard the position as primarily ceremonial, and above partisan concerns.<mask> served as the 4th Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia until June 1883. In 1886, he became President of the Nova Scotia Historical Society, which he had helped to found six years earlier. He courted controversy by a public defence of the 18th-century Acadian expulsion later in the year. <mask> was also the first historian of Government House (Nova Scotia) and wrote an extensive monograph on the subject. In 1888, <mask> was appointed Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia. McLelan had resigned his Senate seat in 1881 and subsequently returned to the House of Commons. His appointment meant that the riding of Colchester again became vacant, and,

masks:
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald
Archibald McLelan


texts:
 ironically, <mask> was again prevailed upon to stand for the riding as a Liberal-Conservative candidate.He was re-elected to the Commons on August 15, 1888, 18 years after his previous departure. <mask> was little involved in the activities of the House following his return, and did not make any speeches. Due to ill health, he did not run again in 1891. Family

Hon. Sir <mask> <mask>, K.C.M.G., Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia married Elizabeth A. Burnyeat, daughter of Rev. John Burnyeat. Their daughter Elizabeth Alice <mask> was born and educated in Nova Scotia.She lived in Ottawa, Ontario, with her parents, while her father was a Minister of the Crown for the three years succeeding Confederation. She went with her parents, on her father's appointment as Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba. In December, 1881, Elizabeth Alice married the Right Reverend Dr. Llewellyn Jones, Bishop of Newfoundland. After the couple's marriage, they lived at Bishopscourt in St. John's, Newfoundland. Death
<mask> died on December 14, 1892, at the age of 78 of an unknown illness most likely derived from his old age. Awards and decorations

Electoral record

References

External link

1814 births
1892 deaths
19th-century British North American people
Canadian people of Ulster-Scottish descent
Canadian Presbyterians
Fathers of Confederation
Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942) MPs
Canadian Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
Lieutenant Governors of Manitoba
Lieutenant Governors of the Northwest Territories
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Nova Scotia
Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada
Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia MLAs
People from Truro, Nova Scotia
Colony of Nova Scotia judges
Nova Scotia pre-Confederation MLAs
Nova Scotia political

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Adams George
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texts:
<mask> (1 October 1604 – 12 September 1675), was an Italian poet. <mask>i () was one of the most famous poets of the 17th century, but his fame didn't survive him. During his life he was appreciated mainly for his epic poems La Cleopatra (1632) and il Conquisto di Granata (1650). The latter has been the source for Giacomo Leopardi's Consalvo (1833). In fact, the plot (Love in the imminence of death) and the names of the main characters (Consalvo and Elvira) of Leopardi's Consalvo seem to come from Graziani's poem. Biography

<mask> (1604–1675) was born in Pergola, near Urbino, but he spent most of his life in Modena. His father was a law attendant in the Sacra Rota Romana.He earned a degree in Arts and Law in Bologna's University. Graziani spent most of his life at the Este court, as State Secretary. In 1673, during the governance of Laura Martinozzi, who was the nephew of Cardinal Mazarin, he managed, as Este's ambassador, the diplomatic aspect of the marriage between Laura Martinozzi's daughter, Maria Beatrice d'Este (1658–1718), and James Stuart (who will become King James II of England). The marriage had been sponsored by Louis XIV of France. In the same year, Graziani published his tragedy Il Cromuele, expressly unrespectful of

masks:
Girolamo Graziani
Girolamo Grazian
Girolamo Graziani


texts:
 Aristotle's rules. It deals with the theme of the dark cruel tyrant, (Oliver Cromwell) and the royalty prophanation (Charles I of England's martyrdom). Graziani wrote epic poems, political writings, panegyrics, epithalamus, laudatory and love sonnets, feasts and tourney relations.According to some of his contemporary biographers, he also made any effort in order to publish an "Historia" about the period between the end of Castro's War and the Treaty of the Pyrenees. But the "Historia" was not published, and has since been lost. Bibliography

Books written by <mask> Graziani
 Rime di <mask> Graziani della Pergola. Al Sereniss.Sig. e Padrone il sig.re Principe di Urbino, Parma, Anteo Viotti, 1621
 L'Iride, per le nozze serenissime di Maria Farnese Principessa di Parma e Francesco d'Este Duca di Modena. Canzone, Reggio, Flaminio Bartoli, 1631 in −4°
 La Cleopatra. Poema in XIII Canti, Venezia, Sarzina, 1632 in −24°.Next editions: Venezia, 1633 in −12°; Bologna, Per Carlo Zenero, 1652 in −12° e in −24°; Venezia, Francesco Brogiollo, 1670 in −12°. La Calisto. Panegirico in sesta rima alle glorie di Cristina regina di Svezia., Parigi, Agostino Courbé, 1644 in −4°  Next editions: Modena, Soliani, 1656 in −4°
 Nelle Nozze di Margherita d'Este

masks: Girolamo Girolamo


texts:
 e di Fernando Gonzaga Duchi di Guastalla. Canzone, Modena, Soliani, 1647 in −4°
 Lettera che mostra le ragioni per le quali il Sig. Duca di Modena fu costretto al partito Francese. Scritta dal Conte Graziani, Segretario e Consigliere di Stato di S.A.S. ad un prelato e Ministro Principalissimo, di Modana, 13 settembre 1647, in: Vittorio Siri (care of) 'Il Mercurio, Casale-Crone-Parigi-Firenze, s.s., 1642–1682, Tomo X (1648), pagg.671-8
 Lo Specchio della Gloria nelle Nozze de i Serenissimi Principi Francesco D'Este e Vittoria Farnese Duchi di Modana.Epitalamio del Sig. Girolamo Gratiani Segre-tario di S.A.Serenissima. Sestine., Modena, Cassiani, 1648 in 4°
 Il Conquisto di Granata. Poema in XXVI Canti cogli argomenti di Flaminio Calvi, Modena, Soliani, 1650 in −4°. Next editions: Napoli, Molo [Roberto Mollo? ], 1651 in −12°; Parigi, chez le Sieur des Rotieurs, 1654, 2 Tomi, in −12° [with French Prefaction], Milano, Filippo Ghisolfi, 1666 [We due the information about this edition to the Indice de' libri appartenuti alla Contessa Graziani Baglioni, ms. cart. del XV-III sec.at the Biblioteca Estense Universitaria of Modena, coll: d-K-3,20]; Bologna, Manolessi, 1670 in −24°; Venezia, Combi e la Noù, 1684 in −12°; Venezia, Zatta, 1768; Colle


texts:
 Pacini, Eusebio, 1816, 2 Voll. in −12°; also in: Il Parnaso Italiano care of A.Peretti e A.Cappelli, Antonelli, Venezia, 1832–1851, Volume II, pagg. XII+328
 La Gara delle Stagioni. Torneo a cavallo, rappresentato in Modena nel passaggio de' Sereniss. Arciduchi Ferdinando Carlo, Sigismondo Francesco d'Austria, ed Arciduchessa Anna di Toscana, Modena, Cassiani, 1652 in −4°
 Il Colosso Sacro. Alle Glorie del Card. Mazzarino.Panegirico in Sesta Rima, Parigi, Stamperia reale, 1655 in -folio
 Breve e sincerissima informazione di quanto è sucesso negli emergenti ultimamente occorsi per l'invasione seguita delle Armi Spagnuole ne' Stati del Duca di Modena, Modena, Cassiani, 1655 in −8°
 Apologia dell'Informazione pubblicata dal Segretario del Duca di Modena dopo la ritirata dell'Armi Spagnuole dall'invasione de' Stati di S.A.S.. Opera curiosa ed elegante di un Cittadino Modenese. E per maggiore comodità e soddisfazione de' lettori si è qui inserita l'informazione suddetta., s.l. [Modena], s.s. [Cassiani? ], 1655 in -folio
 Il Trionfo della Virtù. Festa d'Armi a Cavallo rappre-sentata nella nascita del Serenissimo Principe di Modena, Modena, Soliani, 1660 in −12°
 Varie Poesie e Prose, Modena, Soliani, 1662, in −12°
 L'Ercole Gallico. Alle


texts:
 Glorie della Sacratissima Maestà del re Cristianissim.Luigi XIV. Panegirico in Sesta Rima, Modena, Soliani, 1666 in −4°
 Il Cromuele. Tragedia, Bologna, Manolessi, 1671 in −4° Next editions: Modena, Soliani, 1671 in −12°; Bologna, Manolessi, 1673 in −4°; s.l. [Piacenza], Infidi Lumi Edizioni, 1997 (Not for sale, published for the rappresentation). care of Stefano Tomassini; Pisa, Edizioni della Normale, 2011, care of Maurizio Fasce with the collaboration of Carlo Alberto Girotto, in: Storie Inglesi, l'Inghilterra vista dall'Italia tra storia e romanzo (XVIII sec. ), con l'edizione del Cappuccino scozzese di G.B.Rinuccini (1644) e del Cromuele di G.Graziani (1671), edited by Clizia Carminati and Stefano Villani, pagg. 297 – 470.Applauso profetico alle Glorie del re Cristianissimo Luigi XIV. panegirico in Sesta Rima, Modena, Soliani, 1673 in −4°

 Other sonnets
 "In van con mille Navi alla ruina" in: Applausi della Liguria, Genova, Giuseppe Pavoni, 1638, pagg. 115-6. "Sospendete pur voi Globi lucenti" in: Corone di Fiori Poetici, Reggio, Vendrotti, 1674, pag.13. "Vidi le mura auguste e i calli alteri" e "Mario, campo di guerra è nostra vita" in: Parnaso modenese, a c. di A.Peretti e A.Cappelli, Modena, Vincenzini & Rossi, 1866, pagg.


texts:
 199–200. Main articles and books about Girolamo Graziani
 Gianfranco Loredano, Le Glorie degli Incogniti, Venezia, Valvarese, 1647, pag.272. Lorenzo Crasso, Degli Elogi degli Huomini Letterati, Venezia, per Combi e la Noù, 1666, pagg. 324-7. Camillo Marchesini, Vita del Conte Girolamo Gratiani, lost. It was composed between 1675 and il 1695; [a hand copy in Biblioteca Estense Universitaria of Modena [coll: Cod. Ital. DCCCXL] Now in: Giulio Bertoni, Vita del Conte <mask> Graziani scritta da Camillo Marchesini, "Studi e documenti", vol.1, fasc. II, (set. 1937-XV), pagg. 131-5 (it's the Section of Modena of the 'Regia Deputazione di Storia Patria per l'Emilia e la Romagna'). Giovan Mario Crescimbeni, Storia della Volgar Poesia, 6 voll., Venezia, presso Basengo, 1730² (the first edition in 7 volumes is of 1714), vol.6, pag.214. Egidio Giannini, Memorie Istoriche di Pergola e degli Uomini illustri di Essa, Urbino, s.s., 1732. Giovanni Cinelli, Biblioteca Volante, Venezia, s.s., 1746, pagg.72–3. Francesco Saverio Quadrio, Storia della Volgar Poesia, 7 voll., Milano, Francesco Angeli, 1749, vo-l.6, pag. 688. Ludovico Antonio Muratori, Antichità Estensi, Modena, Stamperia Ducale, 1760. <mask> Tiraboschi, Biblioteca Modenese, 6 tomi, Modena,


texts: Soliani, 1783, tomo III, pagg. 12–22. Fil.Vecchietti e Tom. Moro, Biblioteca Picena, 2 voll.,Osimo, 1790–91, pag. 145. Antonio Peretti e A. Cappelli, Prefazione al "Conquisto di Granata", in: Parnaso Italiano, 2 voll., Venezia, Antonelli, 1832–51, vol. 2, pagg. I-XII. Francesco Ilari, Biografia di Girolamo Graziani, in: Biografie e ritratti di Uomini illustri piceni, a c. di A.Hercolani, 2 voll., Forlì, Hercolani Editore, 1837, vol.1, pagg.105–12. Antonio Belloni, Gli Epigoni della "Gerusalemme Liberata", Padova, Angelo Draghi, 1893, pagg. 320–43. Ida Malfatti, <mask> <mask>, "la Rassegna Nazionale", vol. CXXXIII, anno XXV (sett.ott.1903), pagg. 203–20. Emilio Bertana, L'irregolarità del teatro profano: il "Cromuele" di Girolamo Graziani, in: Storia dei generi letterari italiani, la Tragedia, Milano, Vallardi, s.d.[1916? ], pagg. 200–10. Benedetto Croce, Storia dell'età barocca in Italia, in: Scritti di storia letteraria e politica, Bari, Laterza, 1924, pagg. 282–8. Giulio Bertoni, Gerolamo <mask> e Jean Chapelain, "Archivum Romanicum", vol. XX (1936), pagg.505–6. Antonio Belloni, Di una probabile fonte del "Consalvo" di Giacomo Leopardi, Milano, Albighi-Segati, 1903, pagg. 261–8. Id. Il Seicento, in: Storia letteraria d'Italia, Milano,

masks: Girolamo Graziani Graziani


texts: Vallardi, 1938² (la prima ed. è s.d. ), pagg.203–7. Luigi Amorth, Modena Capitale. Storia di Modena e de' suoi Duchi dal 1598 al 1860, Modena, Aedes Muratoria, 1961 (è il n°1 delle Monografie di Storie Locali della Deputazione di Storia Patria e per le antiche Province Modenesi). 2ª ediz. con aggiornamenti, ivi, a cura della Banca Popolare di Modena, 1963, pagg. 125–34. Petre Ciureanu, Introduzione a: Jean Chapelain, Lettere inedite a corrispondenti italiani, con intr.e note di P.C., Genova, Di Stefano, 1964, pagg. LXXXV-LXXXVII e "passim". Claudio Varese, Teatro, Poesia e Prosa in: Storia della Letteratura Italiana a c. di E.Cecchi e N.Sapegno, Milano, Garzanti, 1967, nuova ed. acc. e aggiorn. 1988, vol.5, pagg. 878–82.Alberto Barbieri, Modenesi da Ricordare. Letterati, Modena, Soc.Tipografica-Editrice modenese Mucchi, 1970, pag. 67. Piero Di Nepi, Il "Conquisto di Granata" e l'epica del Seicento, "Il Veltro", anno XX (1976), nn. 1/2, pagg. 94–104. Giovanni Bertuzzi (a c. di), Modena, vicende e protagonisti, 3 voll., Bologna, Edizioni Edison, 1978, vol.3 pag.285.Piero Di Nepi, <mask> Graziani e la politica come arte: "Cromuele", "F.M. Annali dell'Istituto di Filologia Moderna dell'Università di Roma, 2-1979, Roma, 1981, pagg. 113-24


texts:
 (recensito da Fulvio Bianchi in: "La Rassegna della Letteratura italiana" diretta da Walter Binni, sett.dic. 1982, pagg. 620-1). Rosa Galli Pellegrini, La Tragédie Italienne à l'école du classicisme Français: le rôle de Chapelain dans la genèse du "Cromuele" de Graziani, "Quaderni del Dipartimento di Lingue e Letterature Straniere Moderne, Università di Genova", 2–1987, pp. 35–57.Gian Piero Maragoni, L’onda e la spira. Saggio di ricerca sull’artificio anacronico nel Coquisto di Granada di Girolamo Graziani, Bulzoni, Roma, 1989. Maurizio Fasce, Introduzione e note alla edizione de Il Cromuele, with the collaboration of Carlo Alberto Girotto, Storie Inglesi, l'Inghilterra vista dall'Italia tra storia e romanzo (XVIII sec. )'', edited by Clizia Carminati and Stefano Villani, Edizioni della Normale, Pisa, 2011, pagg. 297 – 330. Notes

External links

1604 births
1675 deaths
People from Pergola, Marche
Italian poets
Italian male poets
Baroque


texts:
<mask> "<mask><mask> (October 3, 1799 – April 8, 1884) was a leader of the Texian Army from December 1835 through February 1836, during the Texas Revolution. <mask> arrived in Texas in 1826 and worked as a surveyor for several empresarios, including Stephen F. Austin. One of his first activities was to plot the new town of Harrisburg. <mask> unsuccessfully tried to prevent the Fredonian Rebellion and served as a delegate to the Convention of 1832. During the early part of the Texas Revolution, <mask> served as the adjutant and inspector general of the Texian Army. During the final assault of the siege of Bexar, <mask> led one of the two divisions which fought Mexican troops and was a member of the committee that negotiated the Mexican surrender. Following the battle, <mask> became commander of the volunteers.In late December 1835, the Texas provisional government named him co-commander of an expedition to invade Mexico. By late January, the provisional government had named several others as heads of the Texian Army, and there was confusion in the army and  the general public over who was in charge. <mask> and his men were surprised at the Battle of San Patricio on February 27, 1836. Most of his men were killed, but <mask> escaped. During the next three decades, <mask> alternately lived in Texas or traveled the United States. He settled permanently near Austin, Texas in 1871 and spent the rest of his life researching Texas history. In 1914, thirty years after <mask>'s death, historian Eugene C. Barker edited <mask>'s manuscripts into a book, A History of Texas and Texans.Early years
<mask> <mask> was born October 3, 1799 near Leesburg, Virginia. In 1812, he moved

masks:
Francis White
Frank
" Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Francis White
Johnson


texts:
 with his parents Henson and <mask> to Tennessee. Although <mask> was trained as a surveyor, he turned down a job that would have sent him to what is now Alabama. Instead,  he lived in various places in Illinois and Missouri, supporting himself by teaching, serving as constable, or working in a lead mine. He also briefly ran a grocery store and then a lumber mill. Establishment in Texas
<mask> contracted malaria in 1826. A doctor advised him to find a more healthful environment, so he and his cousin, <mask>.<mask>, immigrated to Texas, then a part of Mexico. There, <mask> put his surveying education to use. In 1826 he plotted the new town of Harrisburg. He quickly earned the trust of empresario Stephen F. Austin. When another empresario, Haden Edwards, showed signs of revolting against the Mexican government, Austin asked <mask> and two other men to try to prevent a disturbance. They were unsuccessful, and Edwards soon launched the Fredonian Rebellion, which was quickly put down. By 1832, <mask> had become the surveyor-general of Austin's colony, and briefly served as alcade.In late May, <mask> became one of the instigators of the first of the Anahuac Disturbances. He joined a group of citizens protesting military commander Juan Davis Bradburn's arrest of <mask> Travis and Patrick Jack. The settlers were outraged that the arrests did not require a warrant, a statement of charges, or trial by jury. Most were unfamiliar with Mexican law and assumed that the United States Bill of Rights still applied to them. The civilians congregated several miles from the military post at Anahuac and elected <mask> as their commander. The group soon captured Bradburn's 19 cavalry

masks:
Jane Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Wiley B
White
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
William Barret
Johnson


texts: officers, who had been trying to reconnoiter the Texian position. On June 10, <mask> led the men into Anahuac, where they occupied several buildings.After negotiation with Mexican officers, <mask> agreed to release his prisoners and withdraw from the town; Travis and Jack would then be freed. Although most of the rebels left Anahuac, between 15 and 30 of them remained scattered through the town. Bradburn believed this violated their agreement and threatened to fire on the town. The Texians gathered at Turtle Bayou. While they waited for cannon to arrive from Brazoria, the men drafted the Turtle Bayou Resolutions. In this document, they declared themselves federalists who supported rebellious Mexican general Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. They also decried "the present dynasty" which gave them military order instead of civil authority.Bradburn had dispatched a messenger to Nacogdoches, requesting the assistance of Colonel Piedras. When Piedras was within  of Anahuac, he sent a delegation to <mask>. <mask> provided him with a list of grievances against Bradburn. Piedras agreed to force Bradburn to resign, and to have the civilian prisoners released to civilian authorities. Shortly after the conflict was resolved, <mask> was elected to the Convention of 1832 as a delegate from San Felipe de Austin, and became the chairman of the Central Standing Committee. In 1835, <mask>, along with Samuel May <mask> and Dr. Robert Peebles, were named empresarios for a land grant in Texas. Settlers could claim land if they agreed to serve one year of military service.<mask> did not insist that the settlers actually fulfill their promise, and the land grants were voided in 1837. Texas

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Williams Johnson


texts:
 Revolution
As relations soured between Texas colonists and the Mexican government, <mask> began to advocate for war. In the summer of 1835, Mexican general Martin Perfecto de Cos issued warrants for the arrest of <mask> and five other men, all accused of land speculation or attacking Anahuac. Local officials refused to enforce the warrants, and the men were never arrested. All of the men were well respected in their communities, and the warrants greatly angered other colonists. This, combined with news that Cos was leading a large military force to Texas, convinced many colonists to embrace the idea of revolt. Siege of Bexar
When the Texas Revolution began in October 1835, <mask> was named the adjutant and inspector general of the volunteer forces, which were led by Austin.<mask> accompanied the army to San Antonio de Bexar, where they initiated a siege. On November 6, Austin reorganized the army, forming a new regiment. Although <mask> ran in the election for commander, he received only 10 votes, putting him fourth. Edward Burleson won, becoming the regiment commander. Two weeks later, Austin resigned as commander of the Texian Army and called an election to appoint the new commander. Burleson won handily. As the siege progressed, many of the Texians left the army to return to their homes.On December 4, Burleson called a meeting of the troops and suggested that they withdraw to Goliad for the remainder of the winter. As the troops discussed the possibility, a Mexican cavalry officer arrived in their camp and asked to surrender. He explained that Mexican morale inside Bexar was very low. This news boosted the spirits of the Texians, and Ben Milam challenged the

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson


texts: men to join him in an assault on the town. Milam formed the men into two divisions, which would simultaneously attack the empty houses on the outskirts of Bexar. Milam led one division, and <mask>, now a colonel, was appointed commander of the second. <mask>'s division numbered 177 men divided into 7 companies.They were guided by Deaf Smith and John W. Smith. Early on the morning of December 5, Colonel James C. Neill created a distraction by ordering the artillery to fire on the walls of the Alamo Mission. As the artillery boomed, the two attack columns sneaked towards Bexar. <mask> led his men along the San Antonio River, and they quickly charged the Veramendi house. Milam's men took the de la Garza house across the street. Mexican soldiers opened fire, forcing <mask> and his men to take cover behind buildings. Milam's men provided covering fire, allowing <mask> and his men to safely enter the Veramendi house.For the rest of the day, <mask> and his men worked to fortify the Veramendi home, digging trenches and creating earthworks around the yard. For the next several days, fighting house to house, the Texians gradually closed in on the fortified Mexican positions in Bexar's main plazas. On the afternoon of December 7, Milam came to the Veramendi house to consult with <mask>. As they spoke, a Mexican sharpshooter killed Milam; the sharpshooter was quickly killed by Texian fire. <mask> oversaw Milam's burial in one of the newly dug trenches. With Milam's death, <mask> assumed command of the battle. He assigned Robert C. Morris to oversee Milam's column of men.The Texians continued to fight their way from house to house, slowly driving back the Mexican troops. The

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 Texian advance had further demoralized the Mexican troops, and a Mexican cavalry company deserted on December 9. Shortly after that, Mexican General Martin Perfecto de Cos sent one of his officers to negotiate a surrender. <mask> served on the negotiating team. The siege of Bexar officially ended when the two sides adopted the surrender agreement on December 11. The Mexican soldiers were set free on the condition that they return to Mexico within six days and not take up arms against the Texians again. Army command
With Cos's departure, there was no longer an organized garrison of Mexican troops in Texas, and many of the Texians believed that the war was over.<mask> described the battle as "the period put to our present war". Burleson resigned his leadership of the army on December 15 and returned to his home. Many of the men did likewise, and <mask> assumed command of the soldiers who remained. During this time, the provisional government had created a new regular branch of the Texian Army and placed Sam Houston in charge. Houston was given no authority over the volunteers, however, leaving <mask> as their commander. In the relative quiet after the Mexican garrison left, Dr. James Grant began advocating an attack on Matamoros. Many of the remaining Texian soldiers approved of the mission and clamored for it to begin.On December 25, Grant traveled to Washington on the Brazos to convince the provisional government to support the plan. The Governing Council agreed, but secretly named <mask> and James Fannin co-commanders of the expedition. On January 3, <mask> and Grant left Bexar, taking with them 300 of the 400 men who had been stationed there. This incensed

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 Colonel James C. Neill, who remained at the Alamo to lead the remaining men. On January 6, 1836, Neill wrote to the governing council:
 "If there has ever been a dollar here I have no knowledge of it. The clothing sent here by the aid and patriotic exertions of the honorable Council, was taken from us by arbitrary measures of <mask> and Grant, taken from men who endured all the hardships of winter and who were not even sufficiently clad for summer, many of them having but one blanket and one shirt, and what was intended for them given away to men some of whom had not been in the army more than four days, and many not exceeding two weeks." The Texan provisional governor, Henry Smith, strongly opposed the Matamoros expedition and loudly proclaimed that anyone who supported it was a traitor or an idiot.Smith then dissolved the governing council, which responded by impeaching him. The temporary Texas constitution had given neither Smith nor the council the right to depose the other, and both groups continued to insist that they were the rightful rulers. On January 10, <mask> issued a call to form a Federal Volunteer Army of Texas which would march on Matamoros. On January 14, Houston arrived in Goliad to take command of the army that <mask> and Grant had gathered. On his arrival he discovered that Grant and <mask> were calling themselves commanders of the army. Houston accompanied the army as it marched to Refugio. Once there, he gave a speech and pointedly asked how this small group of men planned to take a city of 12,000 people.Later that day, Houston received official word that he had been fired and that the council had now placed James Fannin in charge of the

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 army. Houston left in disgust and traveled to East Texas to negotiate a peace treaty with the Cherokee. For the next several months it was unclear who was in charge of the Texian army—Fannin, <mask>, Grant, or Houston. After Houston's speech, many of the Texian volunteers began to rethink their commitment to the Matamoros Expedition. Many left the army. Others decided to follow the "new" leader of the Texian Army and joined Fannin at Presidio La Bahia in Goliad. Only 70 men remained with <mask> and Grant.Battle of San Patricio

<mask> and Grant settled in San Patricio, where they continued to make plans to invade Mexico. In mid-February, Grant took about two dozen men south to catch wild horses. While Grant was gone, Mexican General Jose de Urrea led a surprise attack on San Patricio in the early hours of the morning of February 27. Most of <mask>'s men were killed, but <mask> escaped. Grant was also later surprised by Urrea's army, while they camped at Agua Dulce Creek. When <mask> received word that Houston was retreating towards East Texas, <mask> became disgusted with the revolution and up and quit. He returned to his home for the remainder of the conflict.Later years
The war ended in April, after Texians defeated General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna at the battle of San Jacinto. For the next three years, <mask> operated a plantation at Johnson's Bluff, along the Trinity River in what is now San Jacinto County. In 1839, facing bankruptcy, <mask> abandoned his family and fled Texas. For the next several years, he wandered the United States, digging for buried treasure or precious metals and trying to sell lands in Texas. His wife, Rozelia, divorced him in 1842.