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 contemporaries but close friends as well. Others such as Josh and Firaq knew him well. His first diwan, Ahang, is dedicated to Faiz and Jazbi whom he calls his “dil-o-jigar,” and to Sardar Jafri and Makhdoom, who are “mere dast-o-bazu.” Faiz wrote a thoughtful prelude to Ahang. <mask> abandoned his MA in Aligarh due to financial reasons and moved to Delhi where he worked as sub-editor for the journal, Awaaz (Call). Here he became actively involved with the Delhi branch of the Progressive Writers' Association run by Shahid Ahmad Dehlvi. He also worked for the All India Radio for a year before moving to Bombay.In Bombay, he worked in the Department of Information for the Government of Bombay. In 1937, he returned to Lucknow and along with Jafri and Sibte Hassan founded the literary magazine, Parcham (Flag) which ran only for a single issue. In Lucknow, he also worked on the editorial staff of journals like Halqa-e-Adab (Circle of Literature) and in Naya Adab (New Literature) along with Jafri and Sibte Hassan. Death

<mask> died on 5 December 1955, while the first Students' Urdu Convention was underway in Lucknow. His condolence meeting was held on 7 December 1955 in the Rifah-e-Aam Hall and was attended by poets and writers from all over India. Due to his heavy drinking, he had a tragic death. On the night of his death, according to a newspaper, "<mask>'s friends took him to a tavern in Lalbagh where they all drank on the rooftop.One by one they all left leaving <mask> alone in the cold winter night. The next morning he was rushed to the hospital where doctors diagnosed a brain hemorrhage and pneumonia". <mask> died that night. He was buried in a cemetery in Lucknow. His grave bears a verse from one of his ghazals written in 1945:And after this there is morn and the


type: original

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 new morning MajazWith me ends the eve of sorrows of Lucknow. Major works
Majaz's collection of poems include:
 Ahang (Melody) - 1938
 Shab-e-tar (Dark Night) - 1945
 Saaz-e-Nau (New Musical Instruments) - 1949
 Tarana (anthem) of Aligarh Muslim University

Legacy
 In memory of the poet a book launch of, Majaz Aur Uski Shaayeri, edited by Salman Akhtar was held in collaboration with The Nehru Centre, London and Aligarh Muslim University Alumni Association (UK). The programme included video clippings on Majaz including comments by Hamida Salim (Majaz's sister) and Ali Sardar Jafri (Majaaz's friend and contemporary poet), a speech by Parvaiz Alam (broadcaster and dramatist), a lecture Majaz – Teen Daayeron ka Shayer by Akhtar, and Kalam-e-Majaz sung by Nasser Harvani and <mask>'s nephew from New Delhi.A dastangoi based on <mask>'s life and poetry was performed by Ankit Chadha and Himanshu Bajpai This narrative introduces the audience to <mask>, his childhood, his fame at AMU, his days in Delhi, his love, his poetry and most importantly his vagabondism. The story was told through accounts of the poet's relatives, friends and acquaintances. Majaz: Ae Gham-e-Dil Kya Karun, is a 2017 Indian biographical film directed by Ravindra Singh about <mask>. A poem by <mask> is now the anthem for Aligarh Muslim University. Notes

References

Cited sources

Further reading

External links

 Biography of <mask> at Aligarians.com
 Asrar-ul-Haq Majaz – A Journey of Love, Hope and Nationalism
 Listen and Explore Majaz at SahityaStudio

Indian Muslims
Urdu-language poets from India
Rudaulvi, Majaz
People from Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh
Writers from Lucknow
Aligarh Muslim University alumni
1911 births
1955 deaths
20th-century Indian poets
Indian male poets
20th-century Indian male

masks: Majaz Majaz Majaz Majaz Majaz Majaz


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<mask> (born 1978 in Sydney, Australia) is a Muslim Imam and the president of the Australian National Imams Council and the United Muslims of Australia. He is from a Palestinian family who migrated to Australia in the late 1960s. He initially obtained an Ijazah (licence) with Sanad (complete chain back to Muhammad) in complete and sound memorization of the Quran at Darul Uloom Al-Husainiah in Sindh,  Pakistan. <mask> has been recognized as one of the 500 most influential Muslims around the world alongside Muslim leaders and presidents of major Muslim countries by an independent study conducted by the Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre. Background
He has travelled to the Arab world for a six years to continue his Islamic and Arabic studies at numerous Islamic institutions with many well-recognised scholars, primarily in Damascus. In Syria, he studied various Islamic subjects and modules, from Fiqh, Usool Al-Fiqh, Hadith, Mustalah al-hadith, Quranic Science and Tafseer and Arabic studies. He generally focused on and specialised in Arabic and Comparative Fiqh (Islamic Law/Jurisprudence) and received numerous Ijaza's in that field.<mask> arrived back to Sydney in early 2001, where he began to be heavily active and involved with the Muslim youth and the second Muslim generation in Australia. He  is the founder of one of Australia's largest youth centres known as the UMA in Sydney, and also the founder of Sydney Islamic College that delivers Islamic studies to adults. He also held the position of the secretary of the Australian National Imams Council (ANIC) from 2006 to 2015. and re-elected as the president in 2019. He operates from various mosques in Australia, and travels to numerous interstate and overseas countries in which he delivers lectures and participates in many different Islamic conferences and events. <mask> has been described as "controversial" by Fairfax newspaper WAtoday. However, he has also been described as "moderate" by the Sydney Morning Herald, another Fairfax newspaper. He has been verbally attacked by British extremist Abu Haleema for some of his fatwas.<mask> established the organisation, United Muslims of

masks:
Shady Alsuleiman
Shady Alsuleiman
Alsuleiman
Alsuleiman
Alsuleiman


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 Australia  and in 2016 was elected as the president of Australian National Imams Council (ANIC). In April 2018 <mask> was banned from entering the Kingdom of Denmark to stop him from spreading his views there. He was the 14th addition to a list of hate preachers which are barred from entering by the Ministry of Immigration and Integration. Views

Homosexuality
In 2013, <mask> spoke of what he called the evil of homosexuality, saying, "Allah will send on them diseases they have never experienced before. What's the most common diseases these days? HIV, AIDS, that's so common, and there's no cure to it. And when did it exist?Decades ago. And more diseases are coming. And most of the diseases these days, if you speak to a doctor, the most terrifying diseases come from what? From sexual activities, where someone who is not clean is sleeping with someone who is clean. Also, homosexuality ... that is spreading all these diseases. You know, let's not deny the fact.”

Women
<mask> has signed a Muslim community letter condemning “all forms of intimidation and abuse targeting women”. He has said in online videos that females will be ‘hung by their breasts in hell’ and that adulterers should be stoned to death and pre-marital sex should be severely punished."Remember that if there is an Islamic state the punishment of zina (sex outside marriage), the punishment of those who commit zina, if they have never been married before, they will be lashed 100 lashes. If they are married while they committed zina, or previously been married and divorced, and they committed zina, then their punishment is stoning to death.” Alsuleiman is referring to the punishment Saudi Arabia condemns on women who have committed adultery, which is found in their Sharia Law, supposedly coming down from their Prophet Muhammad. " Marriage
Alsuleiman has said that women must obey their husbands to enter paradise, with men having the right to demand sex from their wives. The above claims are disputed. Alsuleiman filed defamation charges against Newscorp in 2017 regarding claims he preached homophobia and hatred towards women and minorities (including the claims made above). In

masks: Alsuleiman Alsuleiman Alsuleiman


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 2018 it was announced that Alsuleiman had won the case; Newscorp were ordered to pay costs and remove the articles which made the defamatory claims. Controversies
In February 2009, a Fairfax journalist was ejected from the Lakemba Mosque during an event, during which, Fairfax later reported that Anwar al-Awlaki spoke via phone link.The director of the mosque told Fairfax journalists that Alsuleiman was in charge of organising evening youth events at the time of the sermon. In 2014 Alsuleiman spoke at Park View Academy, a Birmingham UK secondary school claimed to be at the centre of Operation Trojan Horse. Alsuleiman told the pupils, "Give victory to Muslims in Afghanistan… Give victory to all the Mujahideen all over the world. Oh Allah, prepare us for the jihad". A subsequent Department for Education, Education Funding Agency (EFA) report said that there was a breach of standards at the school which had allowed, "Sheikh <mask> Al-Suleiman, known to extol extremist views (e.g. stoning of adulterers), to address the students". A newspaper report said Asuleiman had only talked about "time management".In June 2016, Alsuleiman participated in an Iftar dinner at Kirribilli House hosted by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister said he would not have invited Alsuleiman had he known of his position regarding homosexuals. Alsuleiman Said he did not hold radical anti-gay views. Australia's Grand Mufti, Ibrahim Abu Mohamed has repudiated Malcolm Turnbull's position on this issue, saying Islam has a, "longstanding" position on homosexuality" which "no person can ever change". He said that any attempt to call out its teachings could lead to radicalisation. See also
 Australian National Imams Council
 Homosexuality in Islam
 Islam in Australia
 Islamic organisations in Australia
 Marriage in Islam
 Women in Islam

References

External links
 http://www.brudirect.com/index.php/200910218934/Local-News/talk-on-islam-in-australia.html

Living people
Palestinian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam
Palestinian imams
Australian people of Palestinian descent
Australian imams
Australian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam
1978 births
Australian expatriates in


texts:
<mask>lli (, born July 25, 1988) is a Filipina singer and actress. Geronimo rose to prominence in 2002, after winning the television singing contest Star for a Night earning her a recording contract with Viva Records and released her debut album Popstar: A Dream Come True (2003). <mask>'s The Breakup Playlist entered the Billboard World Albums,taking the 9th position, in 2015. while the single "Tala" placed 12th in the  Billboard World Digital Song Sales in 2020. Throughout her career, she has received various awards, including Mnet Asian Music Awards Best Asian Artist in 2012, MTV Europe Music Awards Best Southeast Asian Act in 2014, World Music Awards Best Selling Philippine Artist in 2014, and Classic Rock Roll of Honour Awards Best Asian Performer in 2016. Life and career

1988–2003: Early beginnings and Star for a Night
<mask> was born on July 25, 1988, in Santa Cruz, Manila, the Philippines to <mask>, a retired PLDT employee, and Divina Tua, who ran a beauty salon in their house. She is the third of four children. She started singing publicly at age two.At the age of four, she was accompanied by her mother to join auditions for different television programs. <mask> became part of the shows Penpen de Sarapen (4–6 years old), Ang TV (7–8 years old) and NEXT (8–9 years old). She has also played as an extra in the movie <mask>... Ang Munting Prinsesa (1995). In between auditions, <mask> would perform at shopping malls and hotel lounges. <mask>, then age 7, was one of the performers during the 1995 visit of Pope John Paul II. Geronimo at an early age joined different singing contests the first of which was Tuklas Talino sponsored by the Philippine Long Distance Telephone

masks:
Sarah Asher Tua Geronimo Guidice
Geronimo
Sarah Asher Tua Geronimo
Delfin Geronimo
Geronimo
Sarah
Geronimo
Geronimo


texts:
 Company (PLDT). In 2002, Geronimo competed in the television singing contest Star for a Night airing in IBC.At the age of fourteen, she won the grand prize that included  and a managerial contract from Viva Entertainment. Geronimo released her first album Popstar: A Dream Come True in 2003. Her acting debut was a supporting role in the film Filipinas (2003). She had another supporting role in Captain Barbell (2003). 2004–2007: The Other Side and In Motion
Still managed by VIVA, Geronimo signed a TV contract with ABS-CBN network in 2004. She starred in her first television series, Sarah the Teen Princess (2004) and became a regular host and performer on the variety show ASAP (2004–present). Geronimo again had supporting roles in the films Masikip sa Dibdib (2004), Annie B.(2004) and Lastikman: Unang Banat (2004). Geronimo sang the Philippine National Anthem at the pre-inaugural ceremonies of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on June 30, 2004. In November 2004, Geronimo released her second album, Sweet Sixteen that included the single "How Could You Say You Love Me". Geronimo performed in the Night of the Champions concert at the Araneta Coliseum with other singing competition winners Rachelle Ann Go and Erik Santos. In 2005, Geronimo joined the cast of the teen-oriented television program SCQ Reload: Kilig Ako and hosted two seasons of the singing competition show Little Big Star (2005-2007). On September 30, 2005, Geronimo staged a solo concert at Araneta Coliseum entitled The Other Side. In 2006, Geronimo starred in ABS-CBN's primetime soap opera, Bituing Walang Ningning, a remake of the 1985 movie.She played the role of an aspiring singer named Dorina Pineda, originally


texts:
 played by Sharon Cuneta in the movie, and released a soundtrack of the series. In July 2006, Geronimo release her third studio album, Becoming, produced by Christian De Walden. The album yielded three singles: "I Still Believe In Loving You", "Carry My Love" and "Iingatan Ko Ang Pag-ibig Mo". On November 18, 2006, Manny Pacquiao chose <mask> to sing Lupang Hinirang, the Philippine national anthem, before his match against Mexico's Erik Morales at the Thomas and Mack Center in Las Vegas. Geronimo staged her second major solo concert "In Motion" on July 14, 2007, at the Araneta Coliseum. Unlike her first solo concert, this concert went off with no technical glitches. She spent the rest of 2007 performing concerts in the Philippines and the U.S. and recording her fourth studio album, Taking Flight, which sold more than 60,000 units and achieved double-platinum status.In the latter half of 2007, Geronimo appeared in her third television series for ABS-CBN, Pangarap na Bituin. 2008–2010: The Next One and Record Breaker

In early 2008, Geronimo reunited with Erik Santos, Rachelle Ann Go, and Christian Bautista in a Valentine's Day concert at the Araneta Coliseum, entitled "OL4LUV". Before Geronimo released her fifth studio album, she released I'll Be There as the fourth single from Taking Flight. On July 30, 2008, Geronimo starred with Filipino actor John Lloyd Cruz in A Very Special Love which was produced by Star Cinema and VIVA films and grossed almost . The movie opened with  and Isah V. Red of The Manila Standard Today said, "This only proves that the new generation of Filipino movie audience is ready for their own screen heroine, not someone passed on to them by their parents


texts: or grandparents. Geronimo included a track from the film, "A Very Special Love", on her album Taking Flight. Geronimo's fifth studio album, Just Me, included a duet with Backstreet Boys member Howie Dorough entitled, "I'll Be There".De Walden again produced this album. Like her previous albums, Just Me achieved platinum status in December 2008. She was recognized for this accomplishment on the 2008 ASAP Platinum Circle Awards show. On November 8, 2008, <mask> staged her third major solo concert in Araneta Coliseum, entitled The Next One, which marked the first time she accompanied herself on the piano while on stage. <mask>'s Just Me album, was re-released, adding You Changed My Life. She was also recognized by ASAP for attaining platinum status for her albums Taking Flight and Just Me and for her two concert DVDs (The Other Side and Sarah in Motion). In February 2009, Geronimo made a movie again with John Lloyd Cruz in You Changed My Life, the sequel of A Very Special Love.The film's total theatrical earnings earned over , and holds the record for the highest grossing Filipino movie made. <mask>imo: The Next One Philippine concert tour. On August 5, 2009, <mask> was given the honor to sing the Virna Lisa's 1986 People Power anthem, "Magkaisa" during the funeral of former President Corazon Aquino. Geronimo released a solo Christmas album, Your Christmas Girl in October 2009. In November 2009, she staged her fourth solo sold-out concert, Record Breaker, in the Araneta Coliseum. The Philippine Daily Inquirer called the concert "a qualified success".At the same day of her concert, she released her sixth studio album, Music and Me. In December 2009, Your Christmas Girl and Music

masks: Geronimo Geronimo Geronimoeron Geronimo


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 and Me both reached platinum status after a month of their release. On December 1, 2009, Geronimo received a star on the Philippines Walk of Fame at Libis, Eastwood. Geronimo released the DVD Record Breaker, filmed at the Araneta Coliseum, on March 16, 2010, and eventually achieved triple Platinum status in December 2010. In April 2010, Geronimo was chosen to endorse an online game called Superstar which was launched by X-Play as an online singing star search. <mask> also lent her voice in singing its theme song "This Is My Dream." In September 2010, Geronimo starred in a musical series entitled 1DOL which was aired on ABS-CBN and she appeared in the film Hating Kapatid under Viva Films.2011–2012: Catch Me, I'm in Love, <mask>. Live!, and concerts
In February 2011, she had a Valentine concert with Martin Nievera titled "What Love Is" at the Araneta Coliseum. Geronimo worked with Gerald Anderson in the film collaboration of Star Cinema and Viva Films entitled Catch Me, I'm in Love which was shown on March 23, 2011, in theaters nationwide and shown as a summer release in the Philippines. In November 2011, Geronimo made a movie again with Gerald Anderson in Won't Last A Day Without You which earned  on its opening day. Geronimo signed an exclusive one-year contract with ABS-CBN, it states her future projects and commitments such as having a weekly solo show, an extension as a performer in ASAP Rocks, and a movie with John Lloyd Cruz for the third time. Also this year, Geronimo is declared as the Princess of Philippine Movies by the Guillermo Mendoza Box Office Awards for her movie, Catch Me, I'm in Love together with Gerald Anderson. In October of the same year, the singer took

masks:
Geronimo
Sarah G


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 private lessons on Jazz music during her vacation in the USA.She was also vocally supervised by Yosha Honassan who later on became the writer of some of her jazz songs. <mask> had her solo weekly musical-variety show every Sunday night titled Sarah G. Live! and her movie with John Lloyd Cruz is in production. In July 2012, Geronimo staged her fifth major solo concert in the "Big Dome" entitled 24/SG. In November 2012, <mask> was chosen as the "Bayanihan Ambassadress" of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. In December 2012, Geronimo won a string of awards one of which is the Best Asian Artist Award (Philippines) at the recently concluded Mnet Asian Music Awards. Geronimo also won major awards in Awit Awards, Aliw Awards and PMPC Star Awards for Music.2013–2015: The Voice of the Philippines and international activities
In 2013, <mask> will have her own drama anthology entitled Sarah G. Presents. <mask> is also set to be a coach and judge in The Voice of the Philippines. In March 2013, <mask> received two Presidential Awards, Ani ng Dangal for Multi-Disciplinary Arts and National Commission for Culture and the Arts (Philippines) Goodwill Ambassadress for Music. <mask> is nominated for three categories at the 2013 World Music Awards (WMA): best entertainer of the year, best live act, and best female artist. Also her movie which is shown on March 30, 2013, It Takes a Man and a Woman broke box office records and became the highest grossing Filipino film of all time. In June 2013, Viva Records announced that she wouldbe releasing her tenth studio album on July before her birthday. The album's title was later revealed to be Expressions, which was contain mainly original songs that she

masks: Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo


texts: co-produced herself.It was released on July 22. On August 8, <mask> became the brand endorser of KakaoTalk together with K-pop boyband Big Bang. In December 2013, she was elevated into Anak TV Seal Hall of Famer for being a "credible, wholesome and worth emulating by the youth". <mask> was also nominated for the Best Southeast Asian Act category in the 2013 MTV Europe Music Awards. On May 27, 2014, <mask> are among the acts that won accolades in the 2014 World Music Awards held in Monaco, winning the Best Selling Philippines Artist award. She became the first Filipino music artist who received an award in the World Music Awards history. On August 26, 2014, Spotify Philippines revealed that <mask> was one of the most streamed artists within the country alongside band Eraserheads.Geronimo release her eleventh studio album titled Perfectly Imperfect on October 4, 2014. The album also included songs which were written by international music producer Adam Hurstfield and Canadian singer Elise Estrada. The album's lead single, "Kilometro", premiered on September 17, 2014, and was written by Thyro & Yumi. <mask> was voted as the Best Southeast Asia Act at the 2014 MTV Europe Music Awards and was also nominated as Best Southeast Asia, China, Hong Kong, and Taiwanese Act. She was included in BuzzFeed's 2014 list of The 20 Filipino Music Artists You Need To Listen Right Now. <mask> has been chosen by Disney to re-interpret the theme song of its Princess franchise. In a teaser aired on Disney Channel, Geronimo revealed that she did her own version of "The Glow" and that its music video will premiere on December 6, 2014.In July 2015, <mask> with her song "Kilometro" represented the

masks: Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo


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 Philippines in the 10th International Song Contest: The Global Sound hosted by Australian jury, as one of the 70 semi-finalists from different countries all over the world and later on advanced as one of the top 25 finalists. In the final round, <mask> was adjudged as the winner and received the Gold Global Sound award. ISC: The Global Sound confirmed on their Facebook page that this is the first Asian country to win the contest. <mask> also starred in the blockbuster movie The Breakup Playlist, together with Filipino actor Piolo Pascual, which was shown in cinemas on July 1. The movie grossed PHP 200 million. In October 2015, <mask> was chosen to record Felix Manalo's theme song "Ang Sugo ng Diyos Sa Mga Huling Araw" and later won Best Movie Theme Song on both PMPC Star Awards for Movies and FAMAS Awards in 2016. Xeleb Inc., the first celebrity mobile games company in the Philippines, tapped Geronimo for its newest gaming app, Sarah G Popsters.The app officially launched on November 24, 2015. In December 2015, for the second consecutive year, Spotify Philippines hailed <mask> as one of the most streamed Filipino artists alongside bands Eraserheads and Up Dharma Down. On December 9, 2015, <mask> received her 10th Awit Award. At the 28th Awit Awards, "Perfectly Imperfect" was awarded "Album of the Year". On December 18, 2015, <mask> was voted as the Asian Artist of the Year at the Hello Asia! K-Pop Awards 2015. 2016–2018: Endorsements, The Great Unknown, This 15 Me, Miss Granny and International Recognition
On February 29, 2016, Big Apple Music Awards announced on their official Twitter account that <mask> has been nominated as "Best Filipino Female Artist".In March 2016,


texts: Philippine Airlines officials, led by the chairman Dr. Lucio C. Tan and President Jaime J. Bautista, celebrated the airline's 75th anniversary during a gala dinner for PAL employees at the SMX-MOA in Pasay, where the flag carrier also unveiled its new advertising campaign – The Heart of the Filipino: Shining Through – with top Filipino singers <mask>, Bamboo and Lea Salonga as endorsers. On September 21, 2016, <mask> was named as one of the nominees in the Best Southeast Asian Act for the 2016 MTV Europe Music Awards set on November 6, 2016, at the Ahoy Rotterdam in the Netherlands. On October 12, 2016, <mask>'s The Great Unknown won Best Secular Album in the 38th Catholic Mass Media Awards. This is the second time <mask> received the award, the first was for Perfectly Imperfect album. <mask> was recognized as this year's Best Asian Performer during the Classic Rock Awards 2016 held in Tokyo, Japan on November 11, 2016. Geronimo attended the awarding ceremony at the Ryogoku Kokugikan Stadium in Tokyo, where she performed the song "Anak" by Freddie Aguilar. On November 29, 2016, <mask> held her album show entitled The Great Unknown: Unplugged in Kia Theatre in promotion of her platinum-selling album The Great Unknown.Due to its success, <mask> brought the show in different provinces in the country including Albay, Pampanga and Iloilo. In March 2017, <mask> confirmed that she will be returning as one of the coaches of The Voice Teens Philippines. Geronimo will return to the teens edition along with coaches Bamboo, Sharon Cuneta, and Lea Salonga. On May 15, 2017, US-based World Top Musicians included her on their website. In July 2017, Geronimo starred in the movie Finally Found

masks:
Sarah Geronimo
Geronimo
Geronimo
Sarah
Geronimo
Geronimo
Geronimo
Geronimo


texts: Someone with John Lloyd Cruz. The movie served as a reunion movie of <mask> and John Lloyd Cruz tandem after four years. In January 2018, Geronimo released the single called Sandata and topped the iTunes Philippines chart for 4 consecutive days.The song also landed on Spotify Philippines Viral Chart. The official lyric video of the song was published on Viva Records' official channel a week later. On April, she released two singles called Ganito and Duyan. Both songs topped the iTunes Philippines songs chart. In March 2018, <mask> was included at Spotify's "Amplify: Women of the World" global playlist with her song 'Tayo' in celebration of Women's Month. She is the only OPM artist included alongside Rihanna, Dua Lipa, CL and more. On April 14, 2018, she held her 15th anniversary concert called "This Is Me" stylized as "This 15 Me" at the Araneta Coliseum.The sold-out concert was reported as the "Highest Grossing Local Concert of All-time." The concert's official hashtag was also the number one trending topic on Twitter Philippines on the day of the concert with over 200,000 tweets, whilst recorded performances from the said concert instantly trended on YouTube Philippines, including her opening number Dulo, her song and dance number for Tala, the rendition of Whitney Houston's I Have Nothing and the rendition of Aerosmith's I Don't Wanna Miss A Thing. <mask>'s take on the Dame Tu Cosita Dance Challenge also went viral on various social media platforms including Facebook. In August 2018, <mask> starred in her first title-role movie Miss Granny, a remake of the 2014 South Korean film of the same name. The film was both critically acclaimed and commercial success. Her performance

masks: Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo


texts: was praised by both critics and viewers. Writing for Cosmopolitan Philippines, Ro Manalo stated "In my opinion, this was her (<mask>) best performance as an actress to date.No other local female celebrity has the combination of characteristics required for the role—impeccable comedic timing, a talent for drama, a powerful singing voice, and an old soul with an almost manang charm. <mask> was so believable as a 70-year-old woman inside a 20-year-old's body." She is currently nominated as "Best Actress" at the 2018 Rawr Awards and Inside Showbiz Awards. She released the first single from Miss Granny's Movie Soundtrack entitled "Kiss Me, Kiss Me" prior to the release of the film. The song went number one on iTunes Philippines and became an instant hit in the country. On July 15, Miss Granny soundtrack was released and also went number one. While its tracks "Isa Pang Araw" "Kiss Me, Kiss Me" and "Rain" all stayed on iTunes Philippines songs chart during and even after the run of the film in Philippine Cinemas.She represented the Philippines at the 2nd ASEAN-Japan Music Festival held at the NHK Hall in Tokyo on October 4 where she performed her original hits "Kilometro" and "Tala." The event was hosted by Hikaru Nishida and Pico Taro coincided with the 45th anniversary of the ASEAN-Japan Friendship and Cooperation. She went to Dubai for her This 15 Me concert and filled the 5,000-seater Dubai Duty-Free Stadium on September 20. Days after performing at ASEAN Music Festival, <mask> staged her Nagoya, Japan leg of This 15 Me on October 7. She is set to stage her concert in Spain, Oman, and various cities in the Philippines. While filming "Miss Granny" and touring the Philippines and

masks:
Sarah Geronimo
Sarah
Geronimo


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 the other side of the world for "This 15 Me" <mask> has been winning on various award-giving bodies in Manila. She won three awards at the 2018 MYX Music Awards including the "Female Artist of the Year" award and was hailed by EdukCircle Awards as the "Most Influential Actress" for her 2017 film Finally Found Someone.In November 2018, <mask> was hailed as the Best Pilipino Artist and the Most Popular BAMA 2018 Artist at the 2018 Big Apple Music Awards (BAMA), Geronimo failed to attend the ceremony held in New York but according to BAMA, the trophies were already sent to Geronimo. She staged her This 15 Me Laguna concert in Santa Rosa Sports Complex, Laguna the next day. It was the first-ever sold-out local show in the history of the said arena. On December 23, 2018, she was announced a winner at Universal Music Awards 2018 in Warsaw, Poland with her song "Ganito". She beat more than 200 entries from different countries including songs by Ed Sheeran, Little Mix, Charlie Puth, Taylor Swift and more. She also bags Popular Award, while Charles Aznavour won Historic Award. On December 26, 2018, <mask>'s song "Sandata" tops CNN Philippines' "The 15 Best Filipino Songs of 2018" list.2019–present: Unforgettable, Tala Dance Craze, Concerts, Awards and Recognitions
On January 29, 2019, <mask> performed in front of 130,000 people who attended the first-ever holy mass of a Pope in the Middle East held at Zayed Sports City Stadium. She performed in front of fans at Zurich and Milan on May 3 and 5 for her Europe concert tour after her "This 15 Me" anniversary concert in 2018. Geronimo also supports incumbent senator Sonny Angara's re-election because 'of his advocacies'. <mask> also sang her

masks: Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Geronimo Sarah


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 song 'Sa Iyo' as Angara's campaign jingle in 2013 and was reused in the upcoming elections. On May 30, 2019, Shopee, the leading e-commerce platform in Southeast Asia and Taiwan, announced her as the brand's newest ambassador. A TV commercial was aired on the first of June. <mask> launched her own makeup line, Pop Studio, on May 31, 2019.It was a collaboration with iFace Inc.

On June 2, <mask> tied with Kathryn Bernardo as Best Actress at the PMPC Star Awards for Movies 2019 against veteran actresses Judy Ann Santos, Gina Pareño, Gloria Romero, and more. She was announced "Star of the Week" by a Germany-based entertainment website and music awards Daf Entertainment on July 31, 2019. Her newest film, "Unforgettable", under VIVA Films was released on October 23, 2019. It was directed by Jun Robles Lana, and also stars celebrity dog Milo, Gina Pareno, Ara Mina, Meg Imperial, and more. On October 10, 2019, she won 3 awards from the 2019 Awit Awards including "Female Artist of the year", "Best Song was written for a Movie/TV/Stageplay", and "Best Performance by a Female Recording Artist." In late 2019, "Tala" turned into a viral dance craze. On January 27, 2020, <mask>'s single "Tala" entered the 12th spot in Billboards Digital Song sales chart.The song also charted in more than 20
countries around the globe including the US, UK, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, and more after it regained its popularity. It also reached the Global Viral 50 in Spotify, as well as YouTube's weekly global chart of world's most viewed music videos. <mask> won "Best Actress" award from 4th Guild of Educators, Mentors, and Students (GEMS) Hiyas ng Sining Awards last February 13 for her "Unforgettable"


texts:
 movie. On February 27, <mask>'s viral song Tala has reached 100 million views on YouTube, making <mask> the first local solo female artist to achieve the milestone. On May, <mask> received another international award as "Distinguished Entertainment Personality of the Year" award at the Akwa-Ibom State Advancement Awards 2020 (ASAA). In June 2020, The music video of her song, Tala became the "Most Viewed OPM Music Video on YouTube". She was also included the 2020 "Philippine’s Most Admired" list by YouGov PH.In December 2020, <mask> was included in Forbes Asia's 100 Digital Stars. She was also awarded as one of the "Most Influential Celebrities of The Decade" in the 10th EdukCircle Awards. She also bags various recognitions such as Google PH's "Most Searched Lyrics and Songs" for her song 'Tala', her movie 'Unforgettable' is on the list of Netflix PH's "Most Watched Movie for Drama", Yahoo PH's "2nd Most Searched Female Personality" and YouTube Music included <mask>'s "Your Universe" in 3 of their playlists: Top Southeast Asian Song Of 2020, Top Song Of 2020 Philippines, and Top OPM 2020. In May 2021, Geronimo's digital concert film Tala: The Film Concert received two encore screenings, with tickets selling for PHP 1,000. Music and voice
<mask>'s music is generally pop and sings songs mostly about love. International producer Christian de Walden praised Geronimo's voice and said "The personality of her voice is phenomenally distinct. Many have great voices but they tend to imitate foreign divas like Celine Dion, Mariah Carey or Whitney Houston.She definitely is the biggest talent I have come across within the last ten years...". Rito P. Asilo of Philippine Daily Inquirer stated

masks:
Geronimo
Geronimo
Sarah G
Geronimo
Sarah G
Geronimo


texts:
 in a review of her album: "it's hard to resist the rich and lush quality of her melodies when they fall smoothly and squarely on her confident middle registers" and has praised her transition saying, "her phrasing style to her interchanging shifts in vocal placement, from deep chest tones to heady soft trills, and back which isn't really a bad thing: In fact, it could represent growth because <mask> used to win her admirers solely with the lung-busting high notes." Influences
Geronimo has cited Michael Jackson as her major influence and she grew up singing and dancing to his music. Geronimo said: "As a child, my dream was to be hugely popular like Michael Jackson. I wanted to have that kind of worldwide fame," added, "I want to be like him while performing, everyone gets so wild and emotional. Besides that, I see him as not only a performer, he's an inspiration to many people, and that's what I also want to become." Geronimo also cited American pop star, Beyoncé as one of her influences in singing and dancing live.Stage
After <mask>'s concert in Araneta Coliseum dubbed as "The Other Side", The Manila Bulletin said:

"<mask>'s very successful concert showcased the various facets of her personality. She's an old soul who can sing Celine Dion's "If I Could" and Mariah Carey's "Through the Rain" with such emotion. She's an 80s baby who can moonwalk to "Billie Jean" ala Michael Jackson. She's a budding belter who can hit the high notes of Whitney Houston's "The Greatest Love of All" with Regine Velasquez." <mask>'s participation in the "What Love Is..." with Martin Nievera concert was described by Baby A. Gil of the Philippine Star with the comment, "Who needs a dancing Martin

masks: Sarah Geronimo Sarah Geronimo


texts:
 anyway when you have the long-limbed <mask> there, who is a daring, enthusiastic dancer? I like watching her dance and finding her moving even better now than the last time is a treat. Of course, she has also become an even better singer.To those who are wont to ask, has she gotten rid of her Celine Dion tendencies? Well, she still sings a good To Love You More, but she has obviously come to her own with fuller tones, nice, sexy low notes." In her 24/SG concert People's Journal commented, "<mask> has reached a new level in her career as a concert artist. In fact, she has earned the right to be called the Concert Queen of the New Generation." Aside from her singing prowess, <mask>'s dancing skills has improved greatly. Her performances earned her a win at the 2016 Classic Rock Awards in Tokyo as "Best Asian Performer". Public image

Camille Bersola of The Philippine Star described <mask> as more than just a pop icon for being an inspiration, especially to today's youth.She stated: "In amateur singing competitions, there will be at least three contestants that will have their own rendition of 'To Love You More' or 'Forever's Not Enough'. When these little girls are asked who their favorite singer is, and whose path they’d like to follow someday, you can bet more or less 75 percent of them will have the same answer: <mask>imo." Quezon City Vice Mayor Joy Belmonte described Geronimo in The Philippine Star: "She's wholesome on and off camera, untainted by unsavory rumors. She's an ideal daughter and that makes her a good role model for the youth." Wilson Lee Flores of The Philippine Star said, "She is a breath of fresh air in terms of wholesome image, humility, real talent and

masks:
Sarah
Sarah
Geronimo
Geronimo
Sarah Geron


texts:
 source of good news for the Philippine entertainment industry". In 2005, <mask> was awarded with "Pinoy Wannabe Awardee", a prestigious Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards given to a celebrity whom kids consider as their role model. In 2006, QTV 11's magazine show Ang Pinaka named her as "Ang Pinaka Idol na Singer ng mga Bata."<mask> however admitted it's not always easy protecting that image, especially since everyone looks up to her as a role model for young people. She said, "It's a bit hard although I'd like to become a role model. I rather take it as a big challenge because it is probably my purpose being here in this industry. This may also be the reason why I'm being trusted by companies to promote their products." Media reception
In 2011, <mask> was ranked as the third in the top celebrity endorsers by the AGB Nielsen Philippines survey. In 2013, she ranks as the sixth highest female taxpayer and as fourth top endorser. In 2014, the entertainment publication YES!Magazine ranked <mask> as the "Most Beautiful Star", leading the list as the top 1 of the top 100 celebrities. She also ranks in 2014, as the fourth highest female celebrity taxpayer. Since 2014, <mask> has been the most streamed solo Filipino artist in Spotify Philippines. In 2015, FAMAS named <mask> the "Iconic Movie Queen of Philippine Cinema". In December 2020, Forbes named <mask> as one of Forbes Asia's 100 Digital Stars, a list of the most influential names in the Asia-Pacific region. She was praised for her efforts in helping Filipinos during the coronavirus pandemic. Personal life and philanthropy
Geronimo attended Dominican School Manila for her primary education.She enrolled at University of Santo Tomas


texts:
 Education High School but later completed her secondary education at Angelicum College. Geronimo studied Associate in Arts program in University of the Philippines Open University (UP Open University). Geronimo regularly holds benefit concerts for various charities for children and cancer patients and has been involved with several outreach programs and with Gawad Kalinga. In November 2019, <mask> announced her engagement to long-time boyfriend, actor Matteo Guidicelli. They were secretly married in a Christian wedding at Victory Church, The Fort past six in the evening, Thursday night officiated by Senior Pastor Paulo Punzalan on February 20, 2020. Discography

 Popstar: A Dream Come True (2003)
 Sweet Sixteen (2004)
 Becoming (2006)
 Taking Flight (2007)
 Just Me (2008)
 Your Christmas Girl (2009)
 Music and Me (2009)
 One Heart (2011)
 Pure OPM Classics (2012)
 Expressions (2013)
 Perfectly Imperfect (2014)
 The Great Unknown (2015)
 THIS 15 ME (2018)

Concerts and tours
 Popstar: A Dream Come True Concert (2004)
 To Love Her More (2004)
 The Other Side (2005)
 In Motion (2007)
 The Next One (2008)
 Record Breaker (2009)
 24/SG (2012)
 Perfect 10 (2013–14)
 From The Top (2015–16)
 The Great Unknown: Unplugged (2016–17)
 This 15 Me World Tour (2018-2019)
 Unified (Sarah & Regine) (2020)
 Tala: The Film Concert (2021)

Filmography

Film

Television

Awards and accolades

<mask> has received awards and recognition in the entertainment industry (music, film, and television) and from other organizations including different international award-giving bodies such as 12 Awit Awards, 8 Aliw Awards, 28 Myx Music Awards, and a FAMAS Golden Artist Award. She has also won the Best Asian

masks:
Sarah
Sarah Geronimo


texts:
 Artist at the Mnet Asian Music Awardsin 2012, Best Southeast Asian Act at the MTV Europe Music Awards in 2014, Best Selling Filipino Artist at the 22nd World Music Awards and Best Asian Performer at Classic Rock Roll of Honour Awards in 2016.She was inducted into the Anak TV Hall of Fame in 2013. <mask> is a Goodwill Ambassador for Music of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts and a recipient of their Ani ng Dangal or "Harvest of Honors" state recognition for multi-disciplinary arts. References

External links

1988 births
Living people
21st-century Filipino actresses
Actresses from Manila
Singers from Manila
People from Santa Cruz, Manila
World Music Awards winners
Filipino dance musicians
Hip hop singers
Filipino women pop singers
English-language singers from the Philippines
Filipino female dancers
Filipino female models
Filipino film actresses
Filipino television actresses
Reality show winners
Participants in Philippine reality television series
Viva Artists Agency
Mezzo-sopranos
ABS-CBN personalities
TV5 (Philippine TV network) personalities
Viva Records (Philippines) artists
University of the Philippines Open University alumni
21st-century Filipino women singers
21st-century Filipino singers
Filipino people of Chinese descent
MTV Europe Music Award winners
Women hip hop


texts:
<mask>, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (also known as <mask> the Elder; born: 8 November 1417 at Windecken Castle in Windecken, now part of Nidderau; died: 10 May 1480 in Ingweiler, now called: Ingwiller) was Count of Hanau. The county was divided between him and his nephew, Count <mask> "the Younger". <mask> the Elder's part of the county was later called Hanau-Lichtenberg; <mask> the Younger's part is known as Hanau-Münzenberg. Life

The time before the division of the county
<mask> was born on 8 November 1417 at Windecken Castle, as the son of Lord Reinhard II of Hanau, who was later raised to Count of Hanau, and his wife Katharina of Nassau-Beilstein. Two days later, he was baptized there. He godparents were Johann Trier, Komtur of the Teutonic Order in Frankfurt and Gertrude of Kronberg, the daughter of Frank X of Kronberg (1381–1423) and Gertrude of Hatzfeld (1381–1409), who was at the time married to her second husband <mask> of Franckenstein. Originally, a career in the clergy had been planned for <mask>, as he was a younger son.For unknown reasons, this did not happen; instead he engaged in a military career. In 1448, he fought with the Duke of Cleves against the Archbishop of Cologne. His father died in 1451, and was succeeded by his eldest brother, Count Reinhard III. Division of the county

Context of the division

Count Reinhard III died in 1452, after reigning only a year. He was succeeded by his son <mask> "the Younger". At the time, <mask> the Younger was only four years old. This situation presented the Hanau family with a dilemma:
 They could obey the primogeniture rule, which had been observed in Hanau since 1375.This would mean

masks:
Philipp I
Philipp
Philipp I
Philipp
Philipp
Philipp I
Philipp
Philipp
Philipp
Philipp


texts:
 hoping that <mask> the younger would live to an adult age, marry and have children, who would continue the dynasty. This would have the advantage that all of the family's possessions would remain in a single hand. It would entail the risk that the dynasty might die out, if <mask> the Younger were to die without a male heir. Alternatively, the family could ignore the primogeniture decision and allow the next agnate, <mask> the Elder, to marry. This would have the advantage of significantly increasing the probability that the dynasty continued to exist, but the disadvantage that the county would have to be divided. This model also called for urgent action, as <mask> the Elder was almost 40 years old, which was considered quite an advanced age in the 15th century. Debating the division
The debate over the division of the county is relatively well documented.Two parties took shape in the country and its ruling family. Since <mask> the Younger was still a minor and his interests were represented by a guardian committee, initially consisting of his maternal grandfather, Count Palatine Otto I of Mosbach, his paternal grandmother Katharina of Nassau-Beilstein and his uncle <mask> the Elder. This committee acted as guardians and regents until the county was divided in 1458. Thereafter, <mask> the Elder acted as the sole guardian, until <mask> the Younger came of age in 1467. Otto I was opposed to the division. He supported the interests of his daughter Margaret, the widow of Reinhard III and the mother of <mask> the Younger. He sought to position his grandson as the sole heir of the whole county.The elderly Countess Dowager, Katharina of Nassau-Beilstein,

masks: Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp


texts:
 was indifferent as to whether the line was continued via her grandson, <mask> the Younger, or via her second, son <mask> the Elder. She held that the danger of the House of Hanau dying out could be reduced by allowing <mask> the Elder to marry, since he had already proven his ability to procreate. The supporters of <mask> the Elder organized a letter-writing campaign. Relatives of the Count and the most important organizations among their subjects — in particular the four cities in the county, Hanau, Windecken, Babenhausen and Steinau, and the associations of the Burgmannen of Babenhausen Castle and the imperial castle of Gelnhausen — as well as the vassals of the Counts of Hanau, all wrote to Otto I and requested that <mask> the Elder be allowed to marry. These letters are archived in the Hessian State Archive at Marburg. Partition treaty of 1458
When his daughter Margaret died in 1457, Count Palatine Otto I no longer had a reason to oppose the division. This tipped the balance in favour of dividing the country.A treaty to that effect was sealed in January 1458. <mask> the Elder received the part of the county south of the river Main, that is the district of Babenhausen and the Hanau share of Umstadt. So, the downside of a partition was mitigated by giving <mask> the Elder much less than half the county. Even so, <mask> the Elder was happy that he was finally allowed to marry, and did so later that year. In both parts, the primogeniture statute would continue to apply. In retrospect, the decision turned out well, even if <mask> the Younger did not die childless, as had been feared. <mask> the Elder and his descendants managed to extend their county

masks: Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp


texts:
 considerably through their marriages.When the last male-line descendant of <mask> the Younger died in 1642, the country was re-united under Friedrich Casimir, a descendant of <mask> the Elder. Naming the parts
To distinguish between the two parts of the county, the part ruled by <mask> the Elder was called Hanau-Lichtenberg after he inherited Lichtenberg in 1480. The other part was officially named Hanau-Münzenberg in 1496. In the literature, the names Hanau-Lichterberg and Hanau-Münzenberg are used to distinguish the parts before these dates, even though, strictly speaking, that is an anachronism. Reign
In 1458, <mask> the Elder took over the regency for his nephew, <mask> the Younger. This meant that the county was still effectively united, until <mask> the Younger came of age in 1467. <mask> the Elder then moved to Babenhausen, where he added to the existing castle as a residence for himself and his family.The east wing was built in 1460. In this period he co-operated politically with Landgrave Heinrich III of Hesse, Elector Palatine Friedrich I, the counts of Henneberg and Elector Rupert of Cologne, a relative of the Elector Palatine. In 1468, he decreed that the primogeniture rules would be followed in his part of the county, meaning that all but one of his sons would have to choose an ecclesiastical career. Militarily, he fought on the side of Emperor Friedrich in a conflict between the Holy Roman Empire and France over Burgundy and in a military campaign against the Turks. In 1480, the last Lord of Lichtenberg, Jakob of Lichtenberg, died childless. <mask> the Elder inherited one half of Lichtenberg, on behalf of his children, because his

masks: Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp Philipp


texts:
 wife, Anna of Lichtenberg, who had been a niece of Jakob, had already died. The other half was inherited by Anna's sister, Elisabeth, who was married to Count Simon Wecker of Zweibrücken-Bitsch.By this inheritance, <mask> gained a substantial amount of territory, much of it in the Alsace, making the previously rather small Hanau-Lichtenberg almost as large as Hanau-Münzenberg. The Zimmern Chronicle comments in the inheritance: We can infer how much power and prestige the Barons of Lichterberg in the Alsace must have had, from the power and prestige their heirs, the houses of Bitsch and Hanau, have in our days. Death

<mask> the Elder died on 10 May 1480, just one day after the partition agreement over the inheritance with Count Simon Wecker of Zweibrücken-Bitsch had been signed. He was buried in the St. Nikolaus Church in Babenhausen. The red sandstone Epitaphs for him and his wife and two of his sons, who died in childhood, have been preserved. Marriage and issue
<mask> the Elder married on 6 September 1458 in Hanau with Anna of Lichtenberg, (25 October 1442 – 24 January 1474), heiress of the Lordship of Lichtenberg. They had the following children:

 Johann (1460 – 4 September 1473), buried in the church of St Nikolaus in Babenhausen
 <mask> (31 May 1462 in Hanau, – 22 August 1504 in Babenhausen)
 Margaret (15 May 1463, Lichtenberg – 26 May 1504), married to Count Adolf III of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein
 Ludwig (23 August 1464; 30 December 1484 in Trent)
 Anna (d. 1491), a nun in the Marienborn Abbey
 Dieter (about 1468 – 25 February 1473), buried in the Church of St. Nikolaus in Babenhausen
 Albrecht (before 1474 – 24 June 1491), buried in

masks:
Philipp
Philipp
Philipp
Philipp II


texts:
 Buchsweiler

Moreover, <mask> had at least one extramarital affair, with whom is not recorded, from which had these sons:
 Johann of Hanau-Lichtenberg (dates unknown, mentioned in 1463), clergyman
 Reinhard Hanauer (dates unknown, mentioned in 1512), provost at Neuweiler

 Ancestors

 References
 Reinhard Dietrich: Die Landesverfassung in dem Hanauischen = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter , vol.34, Hanau, 1996,
 Paul-Joachim Heinig: Kaiser Friedrich III. und Hessen, in: Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte, vol. 32, p. 63 ff
 J. G. Lehmann: Urkundliche Geschichte der Grafschaft Hanau-Lichtenberg im unteren Elsasse, 2 vols., 1862, reprinted: Pirmasens, 1970
 Sebastian Scholz: Die „Ewige Anbetung“ <mask> I. von Hanau-Lichtenberg und seiner Familie. Ausdrucksformen adeliger Memoria und Frömmigkeit im Spätmittelalter, in: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Hanau-Lichtenberg. Herausgegeben zum 20-jährigen Jubiläum der Partnerschaft zwischen den beiden ehemaligen gräflichen Residenzstädten Babenhausen und Bouxwiller = Babenhausen einst und jetzt, vol. 31, 2004, p. 19 ff
 Sebastian Scholz: Die Inschriften der Stadt Darmstadt und des Landkreises Darmstadt-Dieburg und Groß-Gerau = Die deutschen Inschriften, vol. 49 = series Mainz, vol.6, ed. by Akademie der Wissenschaften Mainz, Wiesbaden, 1999
 Reinhard Suchier: Genealogie des Hanauer Grafenhauses, in: Festschrift des Hanauer Geschichtsvereins zu seiner fünfzigjährigen Jubelfeier am 27. August 1894, Hanau, 1894
 Ernst J. Zimmermann: Hanau Stadt und Land'', 3rd ed., Hanau, 1919, reprinted: 1978. Footnotes

Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg
1417 births
1480 deaths
15th-century German people
Medieval Knights of

masks: Philipp Philipps


texts:
<mask> (August 10, 1908 – July 17, 1977) was an American soccer player, sometimes described as the "Babe Ruth of American Soccer". He spent over 25 years playing in various American professional leagues and was a member of the U.S. squad at the FIFA World Cup in 1930 and 1934. He is a member of the National Soccer Hall of Fame. <mask> spent his early years in Fall River, Massachusetts. He was the seventh of nine children born to Augustine and <mask> (who had immigrated from Portugal two years before his birth). An excellent athlete, Gonsalves boxed and played both baseball and soccer as a boy. When he was fourteen, Gonsalves began playing for Pioneer, a local amateur team.He then went on to play for Charlton Mill and Liberal. <mask> grew in prominence in the local leagues. In 1926, he signed with Lusitania Recreation Club of East Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1927, Lusitania won both the Boston city and District League titles. Professional career
In 1927, Boston Soccer Club ("Wonder Workers") of the American Soccer League (ASL) signed <mask>. Nineteen years old at the time, <mask> joined a team which had taken second in the ASL the previous season and was stocked with talented international players. Finding it difficult to break into the starting lineup, <mask> did not play a game with Boston until Christmas Eve.However, given the chance, he grabbed it and scored a goal two minutes later. He went on to find the net six times in his next twenty games. That season the Wonder Workers also took the league title. <mask> spent one more season with the Wonder Workers before moving to the Fall River Marksmen of his hometown in 1929. From the time he joined

masks:
Adelino William Gonsalves
Youth Gonsalves
Rose Gonsalves
Gonsalves
Gonsalves
Gonsalves
Gonsalves
Gonsalves


texts: the Marksmen until the team merged with the New York Soccer Club in the summer of 1930 to form the New York Yankees, <mask> played seventy-five games and scored forty-nine goals. Additionally, he was the team's assists leader. While playing with the Marksmen, <mask> formed a lethal striking partnership with another local player, Bert Patenaude.The two led Fall River to the National Challenge Cup title in 1930 and 1931. Overall, Gonslaves won the tournament a record eight times. The onset of the Great Depression and the Soccer Wars had taken a toll on the ASL and teams began to merge or fold. The Marksmen, one of the strongest ASL teams, had merged with the New York Soccer Club to form the New York Yankees in 1930. Then in 1931, the Yankees moved to New Bedford, Massachusetts where the team took up the name of the defunct New Bedford Whalers. In 1932, the team moved, this time back to Fall River where it was known as Fall River F.C. By this time the American Soccer League was collapsing and Gonsalves began looking for other playing opportunities.In 1933 Alex McNab, a former teammate who was coaching Stix, Baer and Fuller F.C. of the St. Louis Soccer League contacted Gonsalves and offered him a contract. <mask> took the opportunity and moved west. That year, Gonsalves added another National Cup title to his resume, this time with his new team. Gonsalves spent the 1933-1934 season with Stix, Baer and Fuller, winning the league title. At the end of the season, he joined the U.S. national team for the 1934 FIFA World Cup in Italy. On his return to St. Louis, Gonsalves found that McNab had moved to a new team, St. Louis Central Breweries F.C.Gonsalves

masks: Gonsalves Gonsalves Gonsalves


texts: made the move as well and spent the 1934-1935 season with Central Breweries, winning the league title and the 1935 National Cup. In 1935, <mask> moved, this time to the St. Louis Shamrocks. The Shamrocks went to both the 1936 and 1937 National Cup championships, but lost both times. In October 1937, <mask> quit the Shamrocks and signed with St. Patrick's. However, Shamrocks sued St. Patrick's and St. Patrick's settled out of court by agreeing to a player trade. Despite the agreement, <mask> decided not to play for either team and instead signed with Beltmars in the semi-professional second division St. Louis Municipal League. In February 1938, <mask> was back in the SLSL with South Side Radio.He finished the season with the South Siders before moving to Chicago Manhattan Beer. Then in 1940, he moved back east, joining Healy F.C. of the National Soccer League of New York, winning the 1941 league title. In 1941, he moved, this time to the Kearny Scots of the second American Soccer League (ASL) which was created in 1933 following the collapse of the first ASL. <mask> spent only one season with the Scots before moving to Brooklyn Hispano. Uncharacteristically for him, <mask> spent the next five seasons with Brooklyn. In his first season with Brooklyn, he scored eight goals in sixteen games.Brooklyn also won the National Challenge Cup in 1943 and 1944. In 1947, <mask> left Hispano to play for the Newark Germans of the lower division German American Soccer League. In 1948, the team became known simply as Newark F.C. Gonsalves remained with the team until his retirement from playing professionally in 1952. According to Steve Holroyd, in a professional

masks: Gonsalves Gonsalves Gonsalves Gonsalves Gonsalves Gonsalves Gonsalves


texts:
 career spanning twenty-five years, "<mask> was also the consummate gentleman on the pitch: legend has it he was never cautioned or ejected from any match for rough play or ungentlemanly conduct." National team
<mask> played six times for the United States, including the first two FIFA World Cups in 1930 and 1934. He scored one goal for the US.Gonsalves was part of the inaugural induction class into the United States National Soccer Hall of Fame in 1950. Notes

References

External links
"Meet The Babe Ruth of American Soccer" by American soccer historian Steve Holroyd
The National Soccer Hall of Fame player profile
1930 World Cup
Personal memories of watching Gonsalves play

United States men's international soccer players
National Soccer Hall of Fame members
National Soccer League of New York players
American Soccer League (1921–1933) players
Boston Wonder Workers players
Fall River Marksmen players
New York Yankees (soccer) players
New Bedford Whalers players
Fall River F.C. players
American Soccer League (1933–1983) players
Kearny Scots players
Brooklyn Hispano players
German-American Soccer League players
St. Louis Soccer League players
Stix, Baer and Fuller F.C. players
St. Louis Central Breweries players
St. Louis Shamrocks players
St. Louis South Side Radio players
Chicago Manhattan Beer players
People from Portsmouth, Rhode Island
Sportspeople from Fall River, Massachusetts
Soccer players from Rhode Island
Soccer players from Massachusetts
American people of Portuguese descent
1930 FIFA World Cup players
1934 FIFA World Cup players
1908 births
1977 deaths
Association football forwards
Association football defenders
American soccer

masks: Gonsalves Gonsalves


texts:
<mask> (born August 14, 1963) is an author, critic, broadcaster, arts administrator, full-time UCLA writing faculty member and nonprofit bilingual lending librarian. His fiction and nonfiction have appeared in The New York Times , the Los Angeles Times, Alta Magazine, The Atlantic Monthly, OZY.com and elsewhere. Former literature director of the National Endowment for the Arts, he lives in his native Southern California. Print and Multimedia Journalism
<mask> was born in Los Angeles and educated at public schools and Yale. After starting out editing sections for the Los Angeles city magazine Buzz and Variety, <mask> served from 1998 to 2005 as book critic and editor for the San Francisco Chronicle. While there he wrote the magazine essay on screenwriters that became his first book, The Schreiber Theory: A Radical Rewrite of American Film History (Melville House). His op-ed "An open letter to Uniontown from Los Angeles" ran as part of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette's Pulitzer-winning coverage of the 2018 synagogue shooting at the Tree of Life Congregation.Another op-ed, "85 Years Ago, FDR Saved American Writers. Could It Ever Happen Again?" ran in the Los Angeles Times in May 2020 and has helped create a groundswell of support for the revival of the Federal Writers' Project. Kipen's radio show and podcast Overbooked ran for three years on KCRW-FM. Concurrently, he reviewed books every fortnight for NPR's Day to Day. On television, he has appeared on NBC's Today Show on MSNBC's Countdown with Keith Olbermann. While at the NEA, he served as the film correspondent for The Bob Edwards Show on Sirius XM Radio.In addition, he continues to talk

masks:
David Kipen
Kipen
Kipen


texts:
 frequently about books and culture on three Southern California public-radio stations, including his recurring segment Reading By Moonlight on KPCC-FM. National Endowment for the Arts
From 2005 to 2010 <mask> served as Director of Literature and National Reading Initiatives at the National Endowment for the Arts, where he helped develop and manage The Big Read. For over a decade, cities and towns all over America (with excursions to Mexico, Russia and Egypt) have welcomed this initiative to promote reading via One City, One Book-style programs. The Big Read has reached over a thousand municipalities, and enjoys ongoing dedicated funding from Congress. He also pioneered one of the first-ever federal blogs, which continues to this day. In 2008, NEA Chairman Dana Gioia tasked <mask> with fielding a delegation of over fifty Southern California writers and filmmakers to the 2009 Feria Internacional Del Libro (FIL) in Guadalajara, Mexico, the world's second largest book fair. Working with the Los Angeles Department of Cultural Affairs, <mask> spent 18 months planning and executing the literary and film programming of this cultural exploration of Los Angeles.Once there he moderated daily panels, interviews and screenings in both English and Spanish. Libros Schmibros
Upon his return from Washington to Los Angeles in 2010, <mask> founded Libros Schmibros, a nonprofit bilingual lending library that shares good free books with residents of its Boyle Heights neighborhood and Greater Los Angeles. Under his artistic direction, Libros Schmibros has produced several events and installations throughout Los Angeles, including a ten-week, held-over

masks: Kipen Kipen Kipen Kipen


texts:
 engagement at the Hammer Museum. Libros Schmibros' cultural contributions to Los Angeles also include a massive Literary Map of Los Angeles, since purchased by UCLA Special Collections for permanent public display. Programming
<mask>  has programmed film retrospectives for both the American Film Festival in Moscow and the Norton Simon Museum, and given talks at film festivals in Thessaloniki, Greece; Utrecht, the Netherlands; and Cheltenham, England. Los Angeles
Along the way <mask> has assumed a prominent role in the Los Angeles cultural scene. He has worked with the city and county cultural affairs departments and juried several awards.He frequently addresses enthusiasts and students of the city in architectural, historical, and arts convenings. He appears regularly in conversations for the Los Angeles Public Library, Writer's Bloc, and Zócalo Public Square. There and elsewhere, he has engaged a wide range of creative people in interviews—public, published and broadcast—including Steve Martin, <mask> Wallace, John Cleese, Hal Holbrook, Salman Rushdie, Bruce Dern, Jonathan Franzen, Tommy Lee Jones, Forest Whitaker, Christopher Hitchens, Manohla Dargis, and Ray Bradbury. Teaching
He teaches on UCLA's full-time writing faculty. Books
<mask> is probably best known for his bestselling 2018 book Dear Los Angeles: The City In Diaries And Letters, 1542-2018 (Modern Library), which Dwight Garner, in his New York Times review, called "ebullient and often moving." He is also the author of The Schreiber Theory: A Radical Rewrite of American Film History (Melville House, 2006). A screenwriter-centric staple of film school syllabi.Lawrence

masks:
Kipen
Kipen
David Foster
Kipen


texts:
 Weschler has written of it, "I loved that book. It's still on my bookshelf and I lend it out occasionally." <mask>'s translation from Spanish into English of Miguel de Cervantes' novella The Dialogue of the Dogs appeared from the same publisher in 2009. In addition, one of his many articles about the author Thomas Pynchon was commissioned for and appears in the book Pynchon In Context (Cambridge University Press). A scholar of the Depression-era Federal Writers' Project, <mask> has also edited and introduced reissues of the WPA Guides to Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Diego, and California (UC PRESS). Fiction
<mask> has published early precursors to his novel-in-progress, "The Anniversarist," as "Time Turns Around at Musso & Frank" in Alta Magazine, and across five installments in Boom Magazine as "The Americas." References

 DEAR LOS ANGELES The City in Diaries and Letters 1542 to 2018 by <mask>
 Los Angeles: A Guide to the City and Its Environs
 Time Turns Around at Musso & Frank
 The Américas: Chapter the First

External links
 Selected articles for the Los Angeles Times
 UCLA Faculty Bio
 Libros Schmibros Lending Library
 Appearances on C-SPAN

American male non-fiction writers
1963 births
Living people
American literary

masks:
Kipen
Kipen
Kipen
David Kipen


texts:
<mask> (born February 7, 1980) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Francisco Giants. He stands  tall and weighs . He played for the Giants from 2004–08 and threw five pitches: a fastball, a slider, a changeup, a curveball, and a cutter. <mask> attended Youngstown State University and set several school records during his tenure with the team. In 2001, he was selected by the Giants in the first round of the draft. He did not pitch in 2002 because of surgery to remove a non-cancerous tumor from his back.In 2004, he reached the major leagues for the first time. He spent much of the 2005 season in the major leagues, making 21 starts and posting a 4.64 earned run average (ERA). In 2006, <mask> spent time both in the Giants' starting rotation and the bullpen. He became a relief pitcher full-time in 2007, spending the entire season in the majors and closing for the Giants part of the time. After posting a 7.81 ERA with the Giants in 2008, <mask> was outrighted to the minors; he refused the assignment and became a free agent. He attempted to pitch for the Baltimore Orioles in 2009 but was unable due to injury. <mask> then spent parts of 2010 and 2011 in the minor leagues.Early life
<mask> was born on February 7, 1980, in Toledo, Ohio. In 1997, he graduated from Whitmer High School, where he was named a USA Today honorable mention All-American and won All-Ohio honors for his baseball playing. He went to Youngstown State University, where he played shortstop and pitched until his senior year, when he converted exclusively to pitching. As a senior, he had a 6–5 record and a 4.06 earned run average (ERA) in 16 games while setting school single-season records for innings pitched () and strikeouts (126). That

masks:
Brad Martin Hennessey
Hennessey
Hennessey
Hennessey
Hennessey
Hennessey


texts:
 year, he was named the Mid-Continent Conference co-Pitcher of the Year. Professional career

Minor leagues (part 1)
<mask> was drafted by the San Francisco Giants in the first round (21st overall) of the 2001 Major League Baseball draft. He began his career with the Salem-Keizer Volcanoes of the Single-A short season Northwest League, where he had a 1–0 record, a 2.38 ERA, 22 strikeouts, and 34 innings pitched in nine starts.That year, Salem-Keizer won the Northwest League championship. While pitching in an instructional league later that year, <mask> began experiencing soreness that was initially attributed to a muscle strain but turned out to be a non-cancerous tumor in his back. He had it removed in February 2002, but it grew back later that season, and he missed the entire year while undergoing a second surgery. <mask> began 2003 in extended spring training but pitched for the Hagerstown Suns of the Single-A South Atlantic League from June 14 to the end of the season. With Hagerstown, <mask> had a 3–9 record, a 4.21 ERA, 44 strikeouts, one complete game, and  innings pitched in 15 starts. He began the 2004 season with the Norwich Navigators of the Double-A Eastern League, where he had a 5–5 record, a 3.56 ERA, 55 strikeouts, and 101 innings pitched in 18 starts. On July 14, he was promoted to the Fresno Grizzlies of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League.In 5 starts with Fresno, he had a 4–1 record, a 2.02 ERA, 16 strikeouts, and  innings pitched. Major leagues

2004
Following an injury to Jerome Williams in 2004, <mask> was called up to join the Giants' starting rotation. He made his debut on August 7 against Greg Maddux of the Chicago Cubs, who was looking for his 300th win. <mask> allowed four runs in  innings and took the loss in the 8–4 defeat, becoming the

masks: Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey


texts:
 first pitcher to lose his debut to a pitcher who won his 300th game since 1901, when Cy Young defeated John McPherson. In his next start, against the Philadelphia Phillies on August 13, he allowed four unearned runs in five innings, got his first career hit (against Brian Powell), and earned his first career win in a 16–6 victory. After another start, he was sent to Fresno on August 18 when Wayne Franklin returned from the disabled list, but he was called up on August 28 when David Aardsma was demoted. On September 16, he threw a season-high seven shutout innings in a 4–0 victory over the Milwaukee Brewers.<mask> finished the season with a 2–2 record, a 4.98 ERA, 25 strikeouts, and  innings pitched in seven starts. 2005
<mask> began 2005 in the minors. He was called up to make a start on May 1, and he gave up three runs over seven innings while earning the win in an 8–3 victory over the Pittsburgh Pirates. After the game, he was returned to Fresno to make room for Jeremy Accardo on the roster, but he was called up on May 12 to replace the injured Jason Schmidt in the rotation. He made four starts on this stint; after he gave up six runs in two innings in a 6–5 loss to the Phillies on June 2, he was replaced in the rotation by Jeff Fassero and returned to Fresno. On July 9, he was called up to rejoin the Giants' rotation as Kirk Rueter was demoted to the bullpen. Facing the St. Louis Cardinals that day, he pitched seven shutout innings and earned the win in the Giants' 2–0 victory.For the rest of the year, he remained in the Giants' rotation. In a start against the Brewers on July 28, <mask> pitched 7 shutout innings, striking out seven and allowing only three hits, and won the game 3–0. The three runs came on a home run by <mask> himself against Víctor Santos. He

masks: Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey


texts:
 allowed one run over a career-high  innings on September 21 and hit a home run against John Patterson as he defeated the Washington Nationals 5–1. He ended up making 21 starts for the Giants, tallying a 5–8 record, a 4.64 ERA, 64 strikeouts, and 52 walks in  innings pitched. With Fresno, he had a 4–2 record, a 5.19 ERA, 46 strikeouts, 22 walks, and  innings pitched. 2006
Kevin Correia and the newly acquired Jamey Wright competed for the Giants' fifth starting job with <mask> in 2006; Hennessey struggled and began the season with the Grizzlies as Wright won the job.<mask> was called up on April 16 due to an injury to Noah Lowry. After posting a 2–1 record and a 3.33 ERA, he was sent to the bullpen upon Lowry's return to the starting rotation on May 9, though <mask> was frequently called upon to make spot starts. He got his first career save on June 5, pitching the final four innings of the Giants' 14–2 victory over the Florida Marlins. On August 11, Giants' manager Felipe Alou announced that <mask> would replace the struggling Wright in the rotation. In his first start since rejoining the rotation on August 14, he threw  shutout innings, earning the win in a 1–0 victory over the San Diego Padres. He posted an 8.62 ERA over his next four starts and returned to the bullpen when Lowry returned from an injury in September, though he made one more start before the end of the year. In 34 games (12 starts), <mask> had a 5–6 record, a 4.26 ERA, 42 strikeouts, and 42 walks in  innings pitched.2007
<mask> spent the entire 2007 season in the bullpen for the Giants. At the beginning of June, he was named the closer by Giants' manager Bruce Bochy after Armando Benítez was traded. From June 30 to August 31, he converted saves in 14 straight save opportunities, the longest streak


texts:
 by a Giant since Robb Nen had a 28-save streak in 2000; overall, <mask> converted 17 out of 19 saves from May 30 to August 31. Afterwards, he converted only two out of five opportunities before Brian Wilson took over the closer role. In 2007, he went 4–5 and had a 3.42 ERA and 19 saves (out of 24 opportunities). 2008
On January 18, 2008, the Giants and <mask> avoided arbitration and agreed to a $1.6 million, one-year deal. After he posted a 12.94 in his first 11 games of the season, he got sent down to the minors on May 6 to make room for Billy Sadler.Used as a starter at Fresno, <mask> posted a 7–10 record, a 4.83 ERA, 69 strikeouts, 37 walks, and  innings pitched in 21 starts. He was called back up when rosters expanded on September 1. After initially pitching out of the bullpen, he was moved to the rotation to replace Correia. On September 15, he threw the only complete game of his career, allowing three runs in eight innings in a 3–1 loss to the Arizona Diamondbacks at Chase Field. In 17 games (four starts), he had a 1–2 record, a 7.81 ERA, 21 strikeouts, and 15 walks in  innings pitched. He was outrighted to the minors in October, but he refused the assignment and became a free agent. Minor leagues (part 2)
<mask> signed a minor league deal with the Baltimore Orioles on November 17, 2008.Spencer Fordin of MLB.com wrote that <mask> was "consistently hyped as a favorite to break camp in the rotation" for the Orioles. However, an elbow injury kept <mask> from making any appearances with the Orioles or their affiliates. On June 1, 2009, <mask> was released. On March 2, 2010, <mask> signed with the Minnesota Twins. He spent the 2010 season with the Rochester Red Wings of the Triple-A International League, posting a 1–3 record, a 7.76 ERA, 13 strikeouts, and eight

masks: Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey Hennessey


texts:
 walks in  innings. After 14 games (one start), <mask> was released on August 5. The Houston Astros signed <mask> to a minor league contract on May 31, 2011.He played for the Double-A Corpus Christi Hooks of the Texas League and the Triple-A Oklahoma City RedHawks of the Pacific Coast League. His four games with Corpus Christi were all relief appearances; he had an 0–1 record and a 1.80 ERA. In seven games (six starts) with Oklahoma City, he had an 0–3 record, an 11.45 ERA, 10 strikeouts, and five walks in 22 innings pitched. On August 1, <mask> was released by the Astros. Pitching Style
<mask> threw five pitches: a fastball, a slider, a changeup, a curveball, and a cutter. The fastball was <mask>'s main pitch; he threw it over 60% of the time in the majors. He did not throw it very hard, averaging speeds under 90 mph in 2007 and 2008.His slider was his secondary pitch, and his changeup was his third most-used pitch. <mask> rarely used the cutter except for in 2006, when he threw it 10.1% of the time. Henessey often was plagued by a big inning, displaying a tendency to allow several runs in an inning during his starts. Personal life
Hennessey married a nurse, Erin Bullard, on December 14, 2002. The couple has two children: Emma (born April 18, 2003) and Colin Jacob (born October 26, 2006). Hennessey participated in numerous charitable events during his tenure with the Giants. References

External links

1980 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Toledo, Ohio
Baseball players from Ohio
Major League Baseball pitchers
San Francisco Giants players
Youngstown State Penguins baseball players
Salem-Keizer Volcanoes players
Hagerstown Suns players
Norwich Navigators players
Fresno Grizzlies players
Rochester Red Wings players
Corpus Christi Hooks players
Oklahoma City


texts:
<mask> (born 21 July 1934 in Sedan, Ardennes department; died 8 December 2001 in Paris) was a French linguist and scholar of Romance languages. Beginning in the late 1960s he developed Lexicon-Grammar, a method of formal description of languages with practical applications. Biography
<mask> worked on automatic translation at the École Polytechnique without prior training in linguistics. This led in 1961 to a scholarship to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he met Noam Chomsky and became acquainted with Generative grammar. After returning to France, he worked as a computer scientist at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). In 1964 he went a second time to the United States, this time to the University of Pennsylvania, where he worked with Zellig S. Harris, whom he thereafter regarded as his linguistic foster father. He received his research PhD at the Sorbonne in 1967 with his dissertation L'Analyse formelle comparée des complétives en français et en anglais ("Comparative formal analysis of complements in French and English").He went on as a lecturer at the University of Aix-en-Provence, where he worked with Jean Stefanini. In 1969 he received his teaching doctorate (habilitation) at the University of Paris with defense of his thesis Lexique des constructions complétives, published under the title Méthodes en syntaxe (Paris : Hermann, 1975). He was appointed professor at the new University of Vincennes (which was later Paris VIII), then at the University of Paris VII. In 1968, he founded the

masks:
Maurice Gross
Gross


texts:
 Laboratoire d'Automatique Documentaire et Linguistique (LADL, the CNRS), and in 1977 the journal Lingvisticae Investigationes. At the age of 67, while completing an essay explicating a fundamental principle in the work of his mentor, <mask> succumbed to bone cancer. Contributions
<mask>'s work, and that of the LADL, gives priority to the principles of methodological rigor, respect for data, empirical observation, comprehensive coverage of a language, and reproducibility of experiments. A systematic description of simple sentences of French yielded a dictionary based on the syntax identifying properties of words salient for parsing and grammatical tagging, and providing a reasoned and detailed classification of most of the elements of the French language.Indeed, before generative grammar adopted the Projection Principle or the Theta criterion, <mask> had undertaken the systematic investigation of the interdependence of lexical entries and grammatical rules. It was for this reason that his methods and results were given the name lexicon-grammar. His students have verified this working hypothesis in many typologically diverse languages, including not only Romance languages and German, but also Modern Greek, Korean, Arabic, Malagasy, and other languages. The work of the LADL was greatly enhanced by the use of computers, beginning in the 1980s. One result was a morpho-syntactic "electronic dictionary" of French. In parallel, taking finite automata as the competence model of language, <mask> developed the concept of local grammar.

masks:
Maurice Gross
Gross
Gross
Gross


texts: Local grammars, consisting of finite automata coupled with morpho-syntactic dictionaries, support automatic text analysis by the closed-source Intex software  developed by Max Silberztein and, after <mask>'s life by the open source Unitex  conceived by the Gaspard-Monge Computer Science Laboratory (LIGM) and the open source NooJ  software developed at the Université de Franche-Comté.Concurrently, <mask> was working on problems that he considered fundamental to linguistics, although they had long been neglected in the field, such as lexical ambiguity, idioms and collocations, and "support verb" constructions. In 1976 he discovered the "double scan" property of certain support verb constructions, which systematically identifies idioms. <mask>'s computer-assisted research on large amounts of linguistic material led to a picture of language as an instrument that is freely manipulated yet highly constrained idiomatically, a result that is consistent with the distinction between the Idiom Principle and the Open Choice Principle found by corpus linguist John McHardy Sinclair (1933 -2007). <mask> described the organization of language as a lexicon-grammar, and argued that any grammar must fail if its formalization fails to take into account its dependence on the lexicon. He demonstrated that to fully describe a language one must collect a huge quantity of tagged word combinations. The facts registered in the dictionaries and grammars resulting from such collection are useful for natural language processing and in particular for deep


texts:
 linguistic processing. <mask>'s students include Alain Guillet, Christian Leclère, Gilles Fauconnier, Morris Salkoff, , Bertrand du Castel, Annibale Elia, Jean-Pierre Sueur, Laurence Danlos, Hong Chai-song, Cheng Ting-au, Claude Muller, Eric Laporte, Denis Maurel, Max Silberztein, Tita Kyriacopoulou, Elisabete Ranchhod, Anne Abeillé, Mehryar Mohri, Emmanuel Roche, Nam Jee-sun, Jean Senellart, and Cédrick Fairon.Selected Writings
A complete bibliography of the writings of <mask> is available. Below is a brief selection. As Author
 Papers
 (1979) "On the failure of generative grammar". Language. Journal of the Linguistic Society of America, 55:4.859–885. .
 1981. "Les bases empiriques de la notion de prédicat sémantique". Langages, 63, pp.7-52. (1993) "Les phrases figées en français". L'information grammaticale, 59.36–41. .
 1994. "Constructing Lexicon-Grammars". Computational Approaches to the Lexicon, Oxford, Oxford University Press, pp. 213-263. 1997."The Construction of Local Grammars". Finite-State Language Processing, The MIT Press, pp. 329-352. "Etat du lexique-grammaire du français et perspectives d'extension". In: Sylvain Auroux et al. (Eds. ): History of the Language Sciences, Vol.3. De Gruyter, Berlin 2006, pp. 2122–2129. .

 Monographs
 Méthodes en syntaxe. Le régime des constructions complétives. Paris: Hermann (1975). .
 Grammaire transformationnelle du français. Cantilène, Malakoff. Syntaxe du verbe.1986. (EA Paris 1968). Syntaxe du nom. 1986. (EA Paris 1977). Syntaxe de l’adverbe. 1990. .
 Introduction to formal

masks:
Gross
Maurice Gross


texts:
 grammars (Tr.by Morris Salkoff of Notions sur les grammaires formelles, 1967). Springer, Heidelberg (1970) (with André Lentin) . Mathematical models in linguistics. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1972). As Editor
 Syntaxe transformationnelle du français (Langue Française; Vol. 11). Larousse, Paris 1971 (with Jean Stéfanini).Méthodes en grammaire française (Initiation à la Linguistique/B; Bd. 6). Klincksieck, Paris 1976 (with  Jean-Claude Chevalier). Études de syntaxe française (Langue Française; Vol. 39). Larousse, Paris 1978 (with Christian Leclère)
 Grammaire et histoire de la grammaire. Hommage à la mémoire de Jean Stéfanini.Universität, Aix-en-Provence 1988 (with Claire Blanche-Benveniste and André Chervel). Memorials Cited
 Chevalier, Jean-Claude. 2001. "<mask>, un grand linguiste", Le Monde, 12 décembre 2001. Archive. Delamar, Michel. 2001."<mask>", 12 décembre 2001. Cache. Dougherty, Ray. 2001. <mask> Memorial Letter. Archive. Ibrahim, Amr Helmy.2002. "<mask> (1934-2001). À la mémoire de <mask>". Hermès 34. Lamiroy, Béatrice, [www.cairn.info/revue-travaux-de-linguistique-2003-1-page-145.htm "<mask> (1934-2001)", Travaux de linguistique 1/2003 (no46), p. 145-158]. Cache. Perrin, Dominique.2002. "In Memoriam <mask>." Cache. References

Linguists from France
French scholars
1934 births
2001 deaths
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
École Polytechnique alumni
Members of Academia Europaea
University of Pennsylvania alumni
University of Paris alumni
Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis faculty
20th-century

masks:
Maurice Gross
Maurice Gross
Maurice Gross
Maurice Gross
Maurice Gross
Maurice Gross
Maurice Gross


texts:
<mask> is a well-known Mexican actress and performance artist. She was born on February 26, 1957, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico. She attended the National Autonomous University of Mexico, originally planning to major in political science and journalism but then changing to theatre. After appearing in a number of shows, she came to the fore in 1985 in Donna Giovanni, an all-female adaptation of Mozart's opera, which was directed by Jesusa Rodríguez and became a great hit in Europe. It closed after its 500th performance, in the Palacio de Bellas Artes in Mexico City. Influences
Parallel to these activities, she created two shows of her own (Nostalgia Arrabalera and Del Rancho a la Ciudad). This led to her producing and starring in the tragicomic musical La Occisa or Luz, Levántate y Lucha based on the life of Mexican singer Lucha Reyes (1904-1944), a very famous ranchera singer.Lucha Reyes is the one who started what <mask> calls "canto bravío" in Mexico. <mask> states in an interview in 1997 "traditionally women would sing the campirana song or bucolic songs with soft voices, with very high pitch. Women did not use the same force in singing compared to a man and Lucha (Reyes) is the one who initiates this type of ranchera singing in a bravía way among women. Because of that she changed the vernacular song". Another influences in the production of <mask> are the teatro de carpa (Tent theater, similar to street theater), and teatro de revista, two forms of the so-called género chico or “light” theater developed in Mexico from the late 1880s to the 1930s, and specially the "rumbera" films from the Golden Age of Mexican cinema (40s - 60s) whose plots were set primarily in cabarets. The principal stars were the actresses and dancers known as "Rumberas". Ms. <mask> says her act also has its origins in the

masks:
Astrid Hadad
Hadad
Hadad
Hadad
Hadad


texts:
 German cabaret of Bertolt Brecht and Kurt Weill, “the political cabaret that was a new way of experiencing life” In the 1920s and 1930s, Mexico City's clubs were also filled with performers who skewered the powerful in their acts.But no one since has stuffed all of Mexican political and cultural history into a dress and laced it up with a feminist attitude quite like Ms. <mask>. In a way, one could say that <mask>'s wild cabaret is a little like a Frida Kahlo painting come to life. Like Frida, she draws from the rich motherlode of images offered up by Mexican history and culture: Catholic saints, Aztec and Mayan iconography, revolutionary heroes, exuberant flowers and plants, campesino and indigenous folk art, the golden era of Mexican cinema and so on. But if Frida Kahlo, through no fault of her own, has been reduced, in some quarters, to a mouse pad, Hadad has absorbed this inheritance of a uniquely Mexican and female surrealism and created her own surrealist cabaret that pulses with campy humour and irony. Cabarets
Out of the production La Occisa or Luz, Levántate y Lucha, came <mask>'s collaboration with the musical group that has accompanied her since, Los Tarzanes. Together, they have created various performances (La Mujer Ladrina, Apocalipsis Ranchero, La Mujer del Golfo, etc.). In her Heavy Nopal show, Astrid makes use of iconic references, not just as scenery (the cactus, the rock, the pyramid, the tequila bottle), but also on her own body, becoming not only the stage, but also an altar.From the calla lilies to the extremely complex surprise-multi-purpose outfits to the innumerable ornaments, "rebozos", virgins of Guadalupe, guns, and common places in the essence of Mexico. Someone once described Astrid as a "walking museum of popular cultures." Pecadora is a comic show that has women as a

masks: Hadad Hadad Hadad


texts: central theme, using Mary Magdalene, sinner par excellence, as the leading thread. It is a show that aims at rescuing the passion from the dangers of extinction where it can be currently found. In it, Astrid retakes the spirit of the rumberas, the soul of the rancheras and the historical body of everything Mexican. Of course, all this seasoned with a loud wardrobe, where hearts, gigantic eyes, turquoise-blue dresses and an old lantern, among others, play before the eyes of the audience. In Sol y Sombra, taking as an excuse the novel Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Astrid presents a show where, setting the forces of evil against those of goodness, she leads us to reflect on (through her sense of humor) our inner ghosts as well as on the joys of life.This show boasts a very colorful wardrobe and scenery, in which the use of "papel picado" is an important stage element. ("Papel picado" is a thin colored paper with different shapes cut out, used as a decoration on holidays in Mexico.) As for this show it requires an arch-shaped structure to hang from as part of the scenery and the show, it is somewhat bulky to carry. The last performance of the show called "Oh-diosas", (which is a play on words meaning something like "bitchies / Oh - goddesses") was at the end of the month of July 2006 in Mexico City, in one of the boroughs called Colonia Condesa. Other shows by <mask> include Corazón sangrante and La multimamada. “Corazon Sangrante” is a 40s-style bolero and rumba that <mask> wrote of the Aztec king Montezuma whose “heart was bathed in chile” after he was betrayed by Cortez. “Where can I go, where can I put heart, so it won’t hurt, won’t bleed…” she croons as she dances across the stage in a velvet gown adorned with golden pyramids, an outfit she describes as representing the syncretic nature (European and

masks: Hadad Hadad


texts:
 Indigenous) of Mexican culture.If this sounds like a history lesson, it is, but it's hysterically funny. For her farewell number, she prances around the stage in a big sombrero with a moving rubber hand sticking up from the center. “Yes, this hand is for self-pleasure,” she quips, “It comes in three speeds.” The band picks up the tempo and Hadad reaches inside the brim to grab confetti, which she tosses into the air. <mask> has also starred in TV soaps and in the film Sólo con tu pareja. <mask> <mask>'s discography includes recorded performances and singing. Discography
 1990 - ¡Ay! (it was reissued later two times as El Calcetín (The Sock) with different covers and added bonuses)
 1995 - Corazón Sangrante (Bleeding Heart)
 1998 - Mexican Divas (participación especial, recopilaciones) (Compilation)
 2000 - Heavy Nopal en vivo (Heavy Nopal Live)
 2000 - Cabaret 2000 (recopilación de canciones), con Eugenia León y Liliana Felipe.(Compilation)
 2003 - La Cuchilla (The blade)
 2004 - Soy Virgencita y mucho más... (I am a virgin) (Compilation)
 2007 – Pecadora (Sinner)
 2007 - ¡Oh! Diosas (Oh! Goddesses)
 2011 - Tierra Misteriosa (Mysterious Land)
 2013 - Vivir Muriendo (Living & dying)
 2017 - Caprichos (Caprices)

Films
1991 – Film  “SOLO CON TU PAREJA”, Director Alfonso Cuarón. 2014 –Cabaret Singer in  “AMOR DE MIS AMORES” of  Manolo Caro. Television
Soap operas (telenovelas), e.g. “Teresa”, Televisa Mexico. HBO: “Pecadora”, “Heavy Nopal” and documentaries for the BBC and HBO.References

External links
  Official Website

1957 births
Mexican people of Lebanese descent
Mexican women singers
Mexican stage actresses
Mexican telenovela actresses
Actresses from Quintana Roo
People from Chetumal, Quintana Roo
Living people
Lesbian actresses
Mexican feminists
Mexican performance artists
21st-century LGBT

masks: Astrid Astrid Hadad


texts:
<mask> (10 December 1860 – 9 January 1899), generally known as "<mask>" or "<mask>", was a journalist, editor and newspaper proprietor of South Australia. Biography
The Rev. <mask> (1825 – 6 April 1863), a Baptist minister born in Wales, married Mary Ann Wilton (1830–1858), and emigrated to South Australia around 1854. He was sent to the Reedy Creek (now Palmer) copper mine, where he ministered and taught at the local school, then in 1856 to Nuriootpa, where his workload forced him to abandon teaching. They had a son and a daughter before she died, in 1858. On 16 February 1860 he married Matilda Jane Congreve (7 August 1827 – 22 October 1886), who wrote under the pseudonym Maud(e) Jean(ne) Franc. They had two sons: Henry "<mask>" <mask>, born at Nuriootpa, and William James "Will" <mask> (1862–1904).He died at South Rhine on Easter Monday 1863 aged 38 years. Before her marriage Matilda and her sister Emily, who were descended from the family of William Congreve, ran a school at Mount Barker, and it was there that the first of her literary work was done. After the death of her husband she opened a boarding school for girls at Angaston to maintain the four children, but in late 1868, with help from George Fife Angas she sent the two eldest to their father's step-mother in London, where they were neither wanted nor well looked-after. As soon as he was old enough, Ebenezer started working for J. B. Maple & Co., but ill-health prompted his return to Australia in 1878, accompanied by his sister; they opened a store at Tarcowie. <mask> moved to Adelaide with her two sons <mask> and Will, who received

masks:
Henry Conve Evans
Harry Evans
Harry Conve Evans
Ephraim Evans
Harry
Conve Evans
Evans
Matilda Evans
Harry


texts: further tuition at John Whinham's North Adelaide Grammar School.Her brother, Henry John "<mask>" Congreve (31 March 1829 – 10 July 1918) emigrated to South Australia in 1849, lived for some time in Port Lincoln and Inglewood, Victoria. In 1880 he joined the Gawler Standard, then in 1885 the Bunyip when those two papers merged, resigning in 1890. He was a prolific writer, often as "H.J.C. ", for other journals such as the Adelaide Observer. After leaving school, <mask> found employment with Fanning & Co., then at the age of 16 joined The Advertiser, where he was noted for his stenographic skills and the speed and clarity of his longhand writing, while his energy, good humour and organising ability earned for him leadership of the literary staff. In 1888, as a result of a tour made with Frank Johnson, Minister of Education, to the Northern Territory, he produced an interesting series of articles for his paper. But he craved an outlet for his independent thought and writing, and with A. T. Chandler (also ex-Advertiser), James Hutchison, <mask>, and A. W. Gresswell Smith, founded Quiz, a weekly humorous and satirical publication.Five years later, when Chandler left the partnership, <mask> continued as sole editor. The paper was well received by the public and in 1890, by absorbing a competitor, became Quiz and The Lantern. <mask> was the librettist of Immomeena, composed by Moritz Heuzenroeder, and The Mandarin, composed by John M. Dunn, organist and choirmaster of St. Peter's Cathedral, and both performed at the Theatre Royal, in 1893 and 1896 respectively. He died barely two years later, and was

masks:
Harry
Evans
Harry Craker
Evans
Evans


texts:
 buried at West Terrace Cemetery. Family

Children of Rev. Ephraim <mask> (1825–1863)
With Mary Ann <mask>, née Wilton (1830 – 1 January 1858):
Mary Ann "Pollie" <mask> (12 February 1855 – 9 February 1937), born at Reedy Creek, Tungkillo near Angaston, later living at Tarcowie. She married farmer Joseph W. Lines (died 1936) in 1882.They had eight children and many present-day descendants. Ephraim Ebenezer "Ebby" <mask> (17 April 1856 – 21 October 1930), draper, of Tarcowie, Queenstown, then Fremantle and Mosman, New South Wales. He married Rachel Drake on 1 October 1881. Attempted suicide, divorced, and died intestate. With Matilda Jane <mask>, née Congreve, (27 August 1827 – 22 October 1886):
Henry "<mask>" Congreve <mask> (10 December 1860 – 9 January 1899) subject of this article
William James "Will" <mask> (17 June 1862 – 22 September 1904) was born in Angas Park, educated at Angaston and North Adelaide; was theatre and music critic for The Advertiser, and also conducted the "From Day to Day" column in The Express, and the "From Week to Week" column in The Chronicle. He was author of Rhymes without Reason. Neither of the two younger sons married; they lived with their mother until she died, then boarded on South Terrace, Adelaide with J.Le M. F. Roberts (1843–1910), his daughter Edith, and his wife Lizzie Marian Roberts, née Gleeson ( –1911), the latter being described as "nurse, mentor, and friend, ... truly a second mother". Edith Roberts was an accomplished dancer who took part in Immomeena and other of <mask>'s stage works. Children of Henry Congreve (1793–1852)
With his first wife Lucy,

masks:
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Evans
Evans
Evans
Evans
Harry
Evans
Evans
Harry Evans