texts:
<mask> (born 1954) is a Professor of Health Education and Behavior at the University of Florida. She is known for her research on impulsive and harmful behaviors, such as alcohol and substance use, the effect of the environment on addiction, and natural resolutions to risky behavior including alcohol misuse. She has received numerous awards for  excellence in clinical psychology and addiction research, including the 2015 Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions to Clinical Psychology from the Society of Clinical Psychology (American Psychological Association (APA), Division 12). She was honored by APA, Division 50 (Society of Addiction Psychology) with the Presidential Award for Service to the Division in 2010 and 2012. Biography
<mask> studied chemistry at Stetson University from 1971 to 1973. Subsequently, she attended Duke University, where she graduated magna cum laude with a B.S. in psychology in 1975.<mask> further pursued her education by attending graduate school, obtaining an M.A. (1975) and Ph.D (1977) in Clinical Psychology from Vanderbilt University. At Vanderbilt, <mask> worked with Mark B. Sobell in conducting research on alcohol and its effects on behavior, relapse, and help seeking/recovery from alcohol misuse. In 1998, she completed a M.P.H. in Health Care Organization and Policy at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. <mask> holds the position of professor in the Department of Health Education and Behavior at the College of Health and Human Performance at the University of Florida. She is also the director of the Center for Behavioral Economic Health Research at the University of Florida.<mask>'s former teaching positions

masks:
Jalie A Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker


type: original

texts:
 includes the University of Florida, Gainesville (1980-1986), Wayne State University (1986-1989), Auburn University  (1989-1999), and University of Alabama at Birmingham (2000-2014). She was a visiting scholar of the Addictive Behaviors Research Center and Department of Psychology at the University of Washington in 1994. <mask> lectures on topics such as stress reduction being a determinant of alcohol usage, historical and contemporary trends of alcohol usage, and alcohol use as a self handicapping strategy. <mask> has received numerous grants for projects including the CITY Health II Project, Time Horizons and the Behavioral Economics of Recovery from Drinking Problems, and the Recovery and Health Seeking Processes in Problem Drinkers. Research
<mask> and her colleagues have studied the effect of the environment on recovery from alcohol misuse and relapse. In one study, she compared individuals who had abstained from alcohol for an average of six years with those who were still active drinkers; in both groups, none of the individuals had received any treatment for substance use. Through interviews, <mask> concluded that individuals who recovered from alcohol misuse had not experienced as many negative events as their peers who had relapsed.In another study examining the relationship between social circumstances and substance abuse, <mask> and colleagues recruited 344 adolescent and young adult residents of low-income neighborhoods in Birmingham, Alabama. They examined the influence of peer pressure by assessing impact of the social network on participants' substance use. The findings confirmed that people who were encouraged by friends and family to use

masks: Tucker Tucker Tucker Tucker Tucker


texts:
 substances had a higher usage rate than those who were discouraged. This is significant because it confirms the importance of social and environmental factors on a person's decisions, especially for individuals transitioning into adulthood. <mask>'s research implies that low-income communities are in need of more prevention programs. She also seeks out further research regarding young adults and their substance use in these areas. <mask>'s work has drawn attention to the positive and negative influences that society can have on a person's substance use.By concluding that society's messages can either help or harm a person, <mask> introduces the need for societal discouragement and better prevention programs to lead people in the right direction. Her work on alcoholic recovery and relapse prevention culminated into a book co-edited with Dennis M. Donovan and G. Alan Marlatt titled Changing Addictive Behavior. In this work, the authors present alternative therapeutic treatments for those with mild or moderate alcoholism, suggesting that the clinical approach does not work for all people. They proposed that individualized treatments are necessary for recovery, as mild to moderate cases of addiction may not warrant the extensive, and usually more costly, treatment that more severe cases do. This suggestion was also made in her co-authored book with Diane Grimley, Public Health Tools for Practicing Psychologists, which proposed techniques to heighten the effectiveness of clinical care. The authors suggest that psychological care must be improved upon to become more individualized to each patient's needs. Representative Publications
 George, A.A., & <mask>, J.

masks: Tucker Tucker Tucker Tucker


texts:
 A. (1996). Help-seeking for alcohol-related problems: social contexts surrounding entry into alcoholism treatment or Alcoholics Anonymous. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 57(4), 449-457. Humphreys, K., & <mask>, J. A.(2002). Toward more responsive and effective intervention systems for alcohol‐related problems. Addiction, 97(2), 126-132. <mask>, J. A. (1995). Predictors of help‐seeking and the temporal relationship of help to recovery among treated and untreated recovered problem drinkers.Addiction, 90(6), 805-809. <mask>, J. A., Cheong, J., James, T. G., Jung, S., & Chandler, S. D. (2020). Preresolution drinking problem severity profiles associated with stable moderation outcomes of natural recovery attempts. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 44(3), 738-745. <mask>, J. A., Vuchinich, R. E., & Sobell, M. B.(1981). Alcohol consumption as a self-handicapping strategy. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 90(3), 220-230. References

External links
 College of Health and Human Performance Faculty Page

American women psychologists
American psychologists
Clinical psychologists
Duke University Trinity College of Arts and Sciences alumni
Vanderbilt University alumni
University of Florida faculty
Living people
1954 births
American women


texts:
<mask> (born 29 May 1980 in North Shields, England) is an English former professional footballer who mainly played as a striker for Greenock Morton. <mask> also played for Newcastle Blue Star, Queen of the South and Annan Athletic. <mask> was also joint player-manager of Shettleston in the Scottish Juniors, West Region. <mask> started his senior career with Dumfries club Queen of the South from 2000 until 2003, after initially playing with local club Newcastle Blue Star. <mask> then went on to play for Greenock Morton for a decade from 2003 until 2013 and then Annan Athletic from 2013 until 2016, before going to Shettleston in the Scottish Juniors, West Region as joint player-manager. <mask> returned to Annan Athletic for a second spell on 13 January 2017, leaving Shettleston after only five months in charge and retired from playing football at the end of the 2016–17 season, as he approached 37 years old on 29 May 2017. Career

Early years
Born in North Shields, <mask> began his career with local non-league club Newcastle Blue Star.Queen of the South
In the summer of 2000, John Connolly, the Dumfries club Queen of the South's manager, signed <mask> to play in the Scottish Football League, where he mainly featured as a striker and occasionally played as a right midfielder. During the 2001–02 season, <mask> scored 15 league goals in 33 league appearances, as the Palmerston Park club won the Scottish Football League Second Division Championship. Under the captaincy of Jim Thomson, the title was clinched after a 3–0 win at Forfar Athletic on 20 April 2002. In that match, <mask> scored the first two Queens goals and the third goal was scored by Sean O'Connor, who Queens signed from Dundee United, having watched him play

masks:
Peter Joseph Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson


texts: for Greenock Morton during his loan spell at Cappielow. At the end of the 2002–03 season, Partick Thistle made an offer of £10,000 to Queens for <mask> moved from Dumfries to Greenock at the start of the 2003–04 season. <mask> scored 14 league goals in 31 league appearances in his first season, scoring a total of 20 goals in 37 appearances in all competitions.Morton led by 12 points at New Year before <mask> broke a metatarsal ruling him out injured for six weeks. Their form promptly collapsed compounded by allegations of a booze culture among players and toxifying unproven rumours reported in the press of <mask> and other players betting against Morton. Morton finished fourth. <mask> started playing in defence after manager Jim McInally used him as a utility centre-back in a 7–1 Tennent's Scottish Cup win away at Cove Rangers. <mask> played at right back for Greenock Morton in the 2006–07 season, from where he still scored goals. On 6 October 2007 <mask> scored a hat-trick versus Partick Thistle as a striker. On 10 March 2007, <mask> scored his 100th career goal in a 3–0 victory versus Alloa Athletic at Recreation Park.<mask> was the Greenock club's top scorer for the 2006–07 season, scoring  four goals in a 9–1 win at Cappielow versus Forfar Athletic and his season's total was then 17 goals, 15 of them scored from playing in defence and 2 from playing in midfield. <mask> finished four of his first seven seasons at Greenock Morton as the club's leading goalscorer. The seasons when <mask> did not achieve this feat was the 2005–06 season, when he finished second behind returning fans' favourite Derek Lilley, then in season 2008–09 when he finished second again, this time behind Brian Wake and finally in season

masks:
Weathersonson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Peter Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson
Weatherson


texts:
 2010–11, when he finished third behind Brian Graham, who was first and Allan Jenkins, who was second. <mask> is Ton's fourth highest post-World War II league goalscorer with 93 league goals, 5 goals short of another former Queens striker, Rowan Alexander with 98 league goals, who is in third. (See table on club page). After scoring the first of his two goals versus Queens on 8 November 2008, <mask> reached the milestone of 100 league goals in the Scottish Football League, having scored 38 goals for Queens and at that particular time, 62 goals for Greenock Morton. In January 2010, <mask> signed a two-year extension to his existing contract, after rejecting an approach by Partick Thistle for the second time in his career.On 16 October 2010, versus Queens at Cappielow, <mask>'s brace of goals were his 100th and 101st for Greenock Morton, in all competitions. In May 2012, <mask> received another one-year extension to his contract, after which he was granted a testimonial for playing a decade at the Renfrewshire club. <mask>'s testimonial match was versus St Johnstone on 13 July 2013, even though he had already signed for the Dumfries and Galloway club, Annan Athletic for season 2013–14. <mask> departed Greenock Morton in the summer of 2013, having played well over 400 matches and scoring 121 goals in all competitions. Annan Athletic
In the summer of 2013, <mask> signed for Annan Athletic. On 27 July 2013, <mask> scored versus former club Greenock Morton as Annan Athletic won 1–0 and knocked the Greenock club out of the Scottish Challenge Cup. In May 2015, <mask> signed a contract extension at Annan Athletic for the 2015–16 season.Shettleston Juniors
<mask> was then announced as one of the joint player-managers at

masks: Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson


texts:
 Shettleston in March 2016, alongside his Galabankies teammate Ryan McStay, with their tenure to commence at the start of the 2016–17 season in the Scottish Juniors, West Region. <mask> departed Shettleston by mutual consent, alongside joint player-manager McStay on 9 January 2017, after a 1–1 draw at home to Irvine Meadow on 7 January 2017. Return to Annan Athletic
<mask> signed for a second spell at Scottish League Two club Annan Athletic on 13 January 2017, as he re-signed for the Galabankies for the rest of the 2016–17 season, less than one week after leaving Shettleston, where he was joint player-manager. Retirement
<mask> announced his retirement from playing football at the end of the 2016-17 season, as he approached 37 years old on 29 May 2017. Honours

Club
Queen of the South
Scottish Football League Second Division: Winners 2001–02
Morton
Scottish Football League Second Division: Winners 2006–07

Personal
Queen of the South Top Scorer: 2000–01
Greenock Morton Top Scorer: (5) 2003–04, 2004–05, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2009–10
Annan Athletic Top Scorer: 2014–15
Scottish Second Division Player of the Year: Nominee 2006–07
SPFA League Two Team of the Year: 2014–15
League Two Top Goalscorer: 2014–15
SPFL Top League Goalscorer: 2014–15
SPFL Team of the Year: 2014–15

References

External links

Living people
1980 births
Sportspeople from North Shields
English footballers
Queen of the South F.C. players
Greenock Morton F.C. players
Scottish Football League players
Annan Athletic F.C.players
Association football forwards
Newcastle Blue Star F.C. players
Greenock Morton F.C. non-playing staff
Scottish Professional Football League players
English football managers
Glasgow United F.C. players
Scottish Junior Football

masks: Weatherson Weatherson Weatherson


texts:
is a Japanese kickboxer and Muay Thai fighter, currently signed with RISE, where he is the current RISE Super Flyweight champion. As of August 2021, Combat Press ranks him as the #1 strawweight in the world. He was previously ranked as a top ten flyweight. Martial arts career

Muay thai career
<mask> made his professional debut against Yuzuki Sakai at MUAYTHAI WINDY SUPER FIGHT. He won the fight by unanimous decision. He won his next fight against Kaito Gibu as well, before suffering his first professional loss to Banfus Hunter at MUAYTHAI WINDY SUPER FIGHT vol.17. <mask> would go on to amass a 7-1-2 (1) record, before fighting Yuya Kosaka for the WMC Japan Flyweight title at Muay Lok 2017 1st.He won the fight by unanimous decision. <mask> won his next six fights, including four straight victories at the Lumpinee Stadium. He was scheduled to defend his WMC title for the first time against Taiga Nakayama at The Battle Of Muaythai 17. <mask> won the fight by majority decision. In his next fight he won the Lumpinee Stadium of Japan Flyweight title, with a knockout of Tatsuya Hibata. He afterwards fought

masks: Osaki Osaki Osaki Osaki


texts:
 Kiew Parunchai for the Lumpinee Stadium 112 lbs belt, but lost the fight by decision. Following his failed title bid, <mask> won two fights with the KNOCK OUT promotion, scoring TKO wins against Tatsuya Noto and Yoshiho Tane.On the back of these two wins, <mask> was scheduled to fight a trilogy match with Issei Ishii, with the two of them having fought two draws in 2014 and 2015. Ishii won the fight by majority decision. HOOST CUP
<mask> had his first fight under the HOOST CUP banner at against KING Takeshi at HOOST CUP KINGS NAGOYA 6. He would two more fights with HOOST CUP, defeating Koudai Hirayama by unanimous decision and Choi Seok Hee by TKO. He won three more fights outside of HOOST CUP, including a notable majority decision over Shota Takiya at Rizin 18 - Nagoya. RISE
In his promotional debut, <mask> was scheduled to fight Kazane. He won the fight by unanimous decision.<mask> next fought Jin Mandokoro at RISE 140, and won the fight by majority decision, after an extra round was fought. At RISE 142, <mask> challenged Toki Tamaru for the RISE Super Flyweight title. <mask> won the fight by

masks: Osaki Osaki Osaki Osaki Osaki Osaki Osaki


texts:
 unanimous decision. In his next fight, <mask> fought a non-title bout with Kyo Kawakami at RISE 143. He beat Kawakami by unanimous decision. <mask> was scheduled to fight Shiro on May 15, 2021, at bantamweight. <mask>'s brother later tested positive for COVID-19, which led to the fight being scrapped as a preventive measure.<mask> was scheduled to fight Issei Ishii in the quarterfinals of the 2021 RISE Dead or Alive 53 kg Tournament. <mask> won the fight by unanimous decision. He was afterwards scheduled to face Shiro in the tournament semifinals. <mask> later withdrew from the bout with an ankle injury, and was replaced by his brother Koki <mask>. style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#cfc;"
| 2020-07-19 || Win ||align=left| Jin Mandokoro|| RISE 140 || Tokyo, Japan|| Ext.R Decision (Majority) || 4 || 3:00
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#cfc;"
| 2020-02-23 ||Win||align=left| Kazane || RISE 137 || Tokyo, Japan|| Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#cfc;"
| 2020-01-19 ||Win||align=left| Konesarn Acegym || Norainu


texts:
 Matsuri 6 Shin Kiba 1st Ring || Tokyo, Japan|| KO (Low Kick) || 1 ||
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#CCFFCC;"
| 2019-12-15 ||Win||align=left| Choi Seok Hee || HOOST CUP KINGS NAGOYA 7 || Nagoya, Japan|| TKO (Ref. style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#CCFFCC;"
| 2018-10-07 || Win ||align=left| Yoshiho Tane]|| KNOCK OUT 2018 cross over || Tokyo, Japan|| TKO (Ref. Stoppage)|| 5 ||
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#CCFFCC;"
| 2018-08-19 || Win ||align=left| Tatsuya Noto || KNOCK OUT SUMMER FES.2018 || Tokyo, Japan|| TKO (Punches)|| 2 || 1:12
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#FFBBBB;"
| 2018-06-15 || Loss ||align=left| Kiew Parunchai || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand|| Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
!style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#CCFFCC;"
| 2018-04-30 || Win ||align=left| Tatsuya Hibata || Muay thai Open 41|| Tokyo, Japan|| KO (Knee)|| 2 || 2:45
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#CCFFCC;"
| 2018-04-08 || Win ||align=left| Taiga Nakayama || The


texts:
 Battle Of Muaythai 17 || Tokyo, Japan|| Decision (Majority) || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#CCFFCC;"
| 2018-02-24 || Win ||align=left| Samsayam Siriliakmuaythai ||  Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand|| KO (Knees) || 1 ||
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#CCFFCC;"
| 2018-01-27 || Win ||align=left| Attachai Sitkunthap||  Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand|| TKO (Ref. style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-  style="background:#cfc;"
| 2009-10-25 ||Win||align=left| Shohei Miura || KAMINARIMON, Final || Tokyo, Japan||  Decision (Unanimous) || 1|| 2:00
|-  style="background:#cfc;"
| 2009-10-25 ||Win||align=left| Yuta Shinozaki || KAMINARIMON, Semi Final || Tokyo, Japan||  Decision (Unanimous) || 1|| 2:00
|-  style="background:#CCFFCC;"
| 2009-10-18 ||Win||align=left| Ayumu Saito || BRIDGE　one match challenge 12th || Tokyo, Japan||  Decision (Unanimous) || 2|| 2:00
|-
| colspan=9 | Legend:

See also
 List of male kickboxers

References

1996 births
Living people
Japanese male kickboxers
Flyweight kickboxers
Sportspeople from Aichi


texts:
<mask> (October 15, 1904 – July 22, 1980) is considered by some to be the first woman with long term sobriety in Alcoholics Anonymous. There were several remarkable women in the early days of AA including but not limited to: Florence R. of New York, Sylvia K. of Chicago, Ethel M. of Akron, Ohio. AA co-founder Bill Wilson was <mask>'s sponsor. <mask> wrote the chapter "Women Suffer Too" in the second through fourth editions of the Big Book of AA. <mask> organized the National Committee for Education on Alcoholism (NCEA) in 1944, which later became the National Council on Alcoholism (NCA), and then the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence (NCADD), to address concern with other drugs. She traveled across the U.S. educating medical professionals legislators, businessmen and the public to the importance of treatment and education of the fatal disease of alcoholism. In 1976 the NCA organized Operation Understanding where 50 celebrities and professionals gathered to address the social stigma surrounding alcoholism.Actors, politicians, sports legends, physicians, lawyers, clergy and more stood up in the hotel ballroom and said "I am an alcoholic." The NCA hoped to reduce the social stigma surrounding alcoholism and encourage individuals and their family to get treatment. <mask> hoped to raise social awareness that alcoholism is not a moral weakness but a deadly disease. Background
<mask> came from an upper-middle-class family in Chicago. She attended private schools, traveled extensively, and was a debutante. <mask>'s father, once a top executive at the most prestigious department store in downtown Chicago, died of alcoholism. <mask>

masks:
Margaret Marty Mann
Marty
Marty
Mann
Marty
Marty Mann
Mann
Marty


texts: was married briefly in her 20s but was a lesbian for the rest of her life.<mask> was her maiden name, and she used the Mrs. title to protect her privacy. Society's prejudice against homosexuality was as strong as it was toward alcoholism during the 1940s and 1950s when she and the National Committee for Education on Alcoholism were struggling to survive. <mask> moved to England in 1930 and fell in love with photographer Barbara Ker-Seymer. The Tate Museum in London has photographs detailing their social circle. British photographer and society figure, considered one of the group designated by the tabloid press as 'Bright Young People'. They visited the Paris salon of Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas. She also socialized with Janet Flanner, Virginia Woolf and Vita Sackville-West.<mask> worked as a magazine editor, art critic, and photojournalist for renowned magazines such as Vogue, Harpers, and Tattler. However, she had an alcohol use disorder – and it progressed to the point where she was no longer able to hold a job, drifting in and out of homelessness while living abroad in London. Her alcoholism escalated and she spent 6 months in a London Hospital after a second suicide attempt. She was encouraged to return home to America by her friends. In 1936, she returned to her family in the United States and sought help from doctors. She quickly became a charity patient at Bellevue Hospital in New York City. She eventually transferred to Blythewood Sanitarium in Greenwich, Connecticut.In 1939, her psychiatrist Dr. Harry Tiebout gave her a pre-publication manuscript of the book Alcoholics Anonymous, and persuaded her to attend her first AA

masks: Mann Mann Marty


texts:
 meeting. This meeting took place at the home of Lois and Bill W (co-founder of AA) at 152 Clinton Street in Brooklyn, New York. <mask> was romantically involved with Priscilla Peck for 40 years. Priscilla was an Art Editor at Vogue (magazine) for 25 years. They owned a home together in Greenwich Village in New York City, a vacation home at Cherry Grove on Fire Island (a well known gay community) and later in life they had a home in Connecticut. Encouraging a change in viewpoint
In 1945, <mask> became inspired with the desire to eliminate the stigma and ignorance regarding alcoholism and to encourage the "disease model" which viewed it as a medical/psychological problem, not a moral failing. She helped start the Yale School of Alcohol Studies (now at Rutgers), and organized the National Committee for Education on Alcoholism (NCEA), now the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence or NCADD.She believed alcoholism runs in the family, and education of the disease was essential. Three ideas formed the basis of her message:

Alcoholism is a disease and the alcoholic a sick person. The alcoholic can be helped and is worth helping. Alcoholism is a public health problem and therefore a public responsibility. <mask> and R. Brinkley Smithers funded Dr. E. Morton (Bunky) Jellinek's initial 1946 study on Alcoholism. Dr. Jellinek's study was based on a narrow, selective study of a hand-picked group of members of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) who had returned a self-reporting questionnaire. In the 1950s, Edward R. Murrow included her in his list of the 10 greatest living Americans.Her book New Primer on Alcoholism was published in 1958. Legacy
<mask>

masks:
Marty
Mann
Marty Mann
Marty Mann


texts:
 wrote the following books:

Primer on Alcoholism

<mask>'s New Primer on Alcoholism

<mask> Answers Your Questions about Alcoholism. <mask> was instrumental in the founding of High Watch Farm, the world's first recovery center founded on the principles of Alcoholics Anonymous. In 1980, <mask> suffered a stroke at home and died soon after. Many histories of Alcoholics Anonymous make only passing mention of <mask>, perhaps because NCEA had no formal relationship to AA. However, <mask>'s public admission of her own alcoholism, her successful experience with AA, and her encouragement of others — especially women — to get help contributed substantially to AA's growth. <mask>'s obituary was published in the New York Times:  "MARTY MANN DEAD; HELPED ALCOHOLICS; Founder of Alcoholism Council, 75, Wrote Books and Lectured Extensively on Drinking 'I Am an Alcoholic' (Published 1980)

References

External links
<mask>'s New Primer on Alcoholism, reviewed by John Philip,
<mask> Papers at Syracuse University
<mask>'s Story Women Suffer Too, Big Book (Alcoholics Anonymous, 4th ed.)Online,

1904 births
1980 deaths
Writers from Chicago
Alcoholics Anonymous
Lesbians
LGBT people from Illinois
20th-century American women writers
20th-century LGBT

masks:
Marty Mann
Marty Mann
Mann
Mann
Mann
Mann
Marty Mann
Marty Mann
Marty Mann
Marty Mann


texts:
<mask> (died 336), childhood name Qiannian, was the brother of the Prince of Former Yan, <mask> during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. He was <mask>'s second son through Hui's wife, Lady Duan (段夫人). In 333, following the succession of <mask> to their father's title, <mask> conspired with his younger brother <mask> (慕容昭) to rebel against Huang. Although their plot was discovered, <mask> was able to secure Liaodong from Huang and challenge his claim as the Duke of Liaodong. The civil war between Huang and <mask> lasted for four years before <mask> was defeated by Huang's daring surprise attack through the frozen Bohai Sea in 336. Career under <mask>
Murong <mask> was the second of three sons born to <mask> and Lady Duan. The eldest of the three was <mask> and the youngest was <mask>.In 319, after Hui forced the Jin's Inspector of Pingzhou, Cui Bi (崔毖), to flee to Goguryeo, he had <mask> <mask> appointed General Who Conquers The Caitiffs and stationed him in Liaodong. During his time in Liaodong, Murong <mask> allowed the local officials to keep their posts the same as before, which won him support in the region. Near the end of the year, Goguryeo invaded Liaodong a number of times. <mask> <mask> and his eldest brother through his father's concubine, Murong Han, campaigned against Goguryeo and later obtained King Micheon's proposals for peace and an alliance. After accepting his proposals, the two of them returned. However, Goguryeo invaded Liaodong again at the end of 320, but Murong <mask> managed to badly rout them. Since then, Goguryeo no longer intruded into <mask> <mask>'s

masks:
Murong Ren
Murong Huang
Murong Hui
Murong Huang
Murong Ren
Murong Zhao
Ren
Ren
Ren
Murong Hui
Ren
Murong Hui
Murong Huang
Murong Zhao
Murong
Ren
Ren
Murong
Ren
Ren
Murong
Ren


texts:
 domain.The following year in 321, <mask> <mask> was transferred to Pingguo (平郭, in modern Yingkou, Liaoning) while <mask> Han took his place in Liaodong. In 325, Shi Le, the ruler of Later Zhao, persuaded the chieftain of the Yuwen tribe, Yuwen Qidegui with ranks and titles to attack <mask> Hui, who had refused to accept Shi Le's peace offer. <mask> Huang was ordered to lead the army against the Yuwen with <mask> commanding his left wing. While Qidegui fought Huang, Qidegui sent his nephew, Yuwen Xibaxiong (宇文悉拔雄) to attack <mask>. <mask> defeated and beheaded Xibaxiong before joining up with Huang to overwhelm Qidegui. Qidegui abandoned his army and fled, so Huang and <mask> sent their light cavalry to pursue them, only turning back once they have chased him a great distance. Meanwhile, the brothers occupied many of the Yuwen-controlled cities and took their treasures and livestock.The inhabitants of the cities also gave their surrender to <mask> Hui and moved into his territory. Civil war with <mask> Huang
Murong Hui died in 333, so <mask> Huang succeeded to his titles. Huang's status as his father's heir had been established as far back as 321, but he still held jealousy towards his three brothers, <mask> <mask>, <mask> Zhao and <mask> Han, who were all equally favoured by their father as Huang was. <mask> <mask> and <mask> Han were both distinguished generals under <mask> Hui and had popular backing from the gentry, while <mask> Zhao was known for his skills and talents. The three were well aware of Huang's feelings about them. Shortly after Huang's ascension, Han felt

masks: Murong Ren Murong Murong Murong Ren Ren Ren Ren Murong Murong Murong Murong Ren Murong Murong Murong Ren Murong Murong Murong


texts:
 insecure of his position and fled to the Duan tribe with his sons. Seizing Liaodong
Murong <mask> left his post in Pingguo to attend his father's funeral at Jicheng (棘城, in modern Jinzhou, Liaoning).There, he expressed his worries to <mask> Zhao about <mask> Huang's excessively strict laws and how the two had not shown enough courtesy to him on multiple occasions. Zhao told him that as sons of their father and his chief wife, <mask> Hui's territory should be divided between the three of them. Zhao then told <mask> that he should return to Pingguo and raise his troops against Huang while Zhao stay behind and observe Huang's situation from within. <mask> agreed with his plan, and after returning to Pingguo, he led his troops west in rebellion. Meanwhile, however, someone leaked <mask> and Zhao's plans to Huang. Huang did not fully believe it at first, so he sent envoys to <mask> to determine if this was true. <mask> had arrived at the Huang River when the envoys reached him, and upon learning that his plot had been uncovered, he beheaded the envoys before returning to Pingguo.After forcing <mask> Zhao to commit suicide, <mask> Huang sent 5,000 troops under Tong Shou (佟壽) and Huang's half-brothers, <mask> You (慕容幼), <mask> Zhi (慕容稚), <mask> Jūn and <mask> Hàn (慕容汗; not to be confused with <mask> Han) to campaign against <mask>. He also sent his Army Libationer, Feng Yi to stabilize Liaodong. <mask> <mask> fought his half-brothers and Tong Shou north of Wencheng (汶城), where he won a great victory. You, Zhi and Jūn were captured while Tong Shou, being a former subordinate of

masks: Ren Murong Murong Murong Ren Ren Ren Ren Ren Murong Murong Murong Murong Murong Murong Murong Ren Murong Ren


texts:
 <mask>, surrendered to him. The generals, Wang Bing (王冰) and Sun Ji (孫機), joined forces with <mask> and handed him over Xiangping (襄平, in modern Liaoyang, Liaoning) while others such as Feng Chou (封抽), Yi Yi (乙逸), Han Jiao (韓矯) and Gao Xu (高詡) abandoned their cities and fled to Huang. <mask> Hàn managed to escape and retreat with Feng Yi, who was unable to enter the region. The victory at Wencheng placed Liaodong under <mask>'s control, dividing Huang's territory into two.Rule over Liaodong
Almost immediately, <mask> received the backing of the Murong's rival Xianbei clans, including the Yuwen and Duan tribes. <mask> would coordinate attacks with the tribes against Huang throughout the rest of the war. In early 334, <mask> appointed Zhai Kai (翟楷) and Pang Jian (龐鑒) as his own Colonel of Eastern Yi Tribes and Chancellor of Liaodong. Later on, he declared himself Inspector of Pingzhou and Duke of Liaodong. Meanwhile, Duan Liao, the chief of the Duan tribe, began his moves against <mask> Huang. Duan Liao sent his brother Duan Lan to attack Liucheng (柳城; southwest of present-day Chaoyang, Liaoning), but he could not capture the city. He later defeated reinforcements led by <mask> Hàn and Feng Yi at Niuwei Valley (牛尾谷; north of Liucheng) but was unable to follow up on it as objections from <mask> Han, now a general of the Duans, forced him to retreat.In August, <mask> <mask> detained Jin envoys at Mashi Crossing (馬石津, southwest of Dalian, Liaoning) who were on their way to grant <mask> Huang his late father's titles. In December, Huang's forces reached Xiangping. A man named

masks: Ren Ren Murong Ren Ren Ren Ren Murong Murong Murong Murong Ren Murong


texts:
 Wang Ji (王岌) secretly offered Huang to surrender the city, so Huang occupied the city with ease while Zhai Kai and Pang Jian fled on their horses. Jujiu (居就), Xinchang (新昌) and other counties also surrendered to Huang, and Huang had the major families in Liaodong divided and relocated to his capital in Jicheng. <mask> attacked Xinchang a few months later but was driven away by Wang Yu (王寓), who proceeded to relocate the people of Xinchang to Xiangping. Near the end of 335, <mask> <mask> decided to release the envoys he had apprehended to allow them to return south. However, they instead decided to go to Jicheng first, granting Huang his titles.Meanwhile, envoys from the Duan and Yuwen tribes were at Pingguo and sleeping outside the walls of the city. Huang ordered his general Zhang Ying (張英) to ambush them. Zhang killed ten people from the Yuwen while capturing the Duan envoys and bringing them back to Huang. Defeat and death
<mask> Huang launched his final campaign against <mask> <mask> in February 336. Throughout the civil war, the Bohai Sea was said to have frozen over at least three times, and that February proved to be the third time this occurred. Huang took the daring decision to carry out a surprise attack on <mask> by crossing the frozen sea. With <mask> Ping and others under his wing, <mask> Huang led his army to cross roughly 150 kilometres (93.21 miles) over the Bohai and successfully reached Lilinkou (歷林口, west of the lower reaches of the Liaohe River).There, they abandoned their baggages and made a quick march towards Pingguo. As Huang approached Pingguo,

masks: Ren Murong Ren Murong Murong Ren Ren Murong Murong


texts:
 <mask>'s scout quickly notified him of the threat. <mask> had been irked by his failure to stop Zhang Ying the previous year, so this time, he wished to rush out in hopes of actually destroying his enemies. He mistakenly believed that the threat was merely a small force carrying out a raid, unaware that Huang had come with a large force. Bringing out his whole army, <mask> marched northwest of his city to mount his defence. Once Huang's army began to advance, however, <mask> Jūn brought his soldiers to defect to Huang's side, which immediately demoralized <mask>'s troops and stopped them in their tracks. Because of this, Huang easily dispatched <mask>'s soldiers and dealt him a decisive defeat.<mask> <mask> tried to flee from the scene, but his personal riders betrayed him and turned him over to Huang. The riders, however, were ordered by Huang to be executed for treachery, while <mask> was forced to commit suicide in similar fashion to <mask> Zhao. A number of <mask>eo, some dying to Huang's pursuers in the process. The others were forgiven and allowed to serve in Huang's administration. <mask>'s defeat allowed Huang to reunify his territory, although he still had to deal with the constant attacks from the Duan and Yuwen for the next few years, both of which he ultimately subjugated. References

 Fang, Xuanling (ed.) (648).Book of Jin (Jin Shu). Sima, Guang (1084). Zizhi Tongjian. Jin dynasty (266–420) generals
336 deaths
People from Chaoyang, Liaoning
Generals from Liaoning
Jin dynasty (266–420) politicians
Politicians from Liaoning
Forced suicides of Chinese

masks: Ren Ren Ren Murong Ren Ren Murong Ren Ren Murong Renry Ren


texts: <mask><mask>. is a merchant banker, public policy expert, and philanthropist currently residing in New York.<mask>'s professional career has spanned the worlds of merchant banking, media, public policy, politics, law and education. <mask> was appointed by US President William Clinton as Chairman of the Board of the Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars; a US government think-thank. In that capacity, he was recognized for recruiting the Honorable Lee Hamilton as President of the Center, supporting his appointment as Co-Chair of the 9-11 Commission and building bi-partisan support within the US Congress. <mask> also worked with UN Ambassador Richard Holbrooke on the issue of US funding of the United Nations. He is a Member of the Council on Foreign Relations. <mask> currently also serves on the Board of Directors of the Westlake New Energy Group (a European based clean energy company with corporate headquarters in the Netherlands and Germany). On the healthcare front, <mask> founded Ciavierella Partners, a family office investing in healthcare and technology.He sits the board of Directors of Biolinka, a London based Merchant Bank, and on the Advisory Board of Hi55, a London and Washington D.C. based fintech company. <mask> has participated in the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, and has been published on foreign policy issues on various publications, including The Financial Times, World Policy Journal, Beirut Daily News, New York Times, Chicago Sun Times and the Chicago Tribune. He previously served as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the World Policy Institute. He has lectured on foreign policy and US presidential politics

masks:
Joseph A
. Cari Jr
Cari
Cari
Cari
Joseph
Joseph
Joseph


texts:
 at the US Lebanese American University in Beirut, Lebanon; Loyola Marymount University (Los Angeles) and Villanova University (Philadelphia). Biography

Family and education
<mask>, an Italian American, was raised in Chicago, Illinois. He is the son of Dr. <mask> and <mask>, and has 3 siblings. <mask> Sr. was a prominent physician and surgeon in Chicago who headed the Department of Family Medicine at Mercy Hospital Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois.Dr. <mask> was also the author of "The Delivery of Emergency Care" [1] who served on the faculty of University of Illinois at Chicago Medical School, and as the Chief Medical Officer for the Chicago Fire Department. Mrs. <mask> served as a Member of the Women's Auxiliary of the Mercy Hospital & Medical Center. She was a homemaker and mother of five children. Cari graduated cum laude from the University of Notre Dame with a B.A. degree in sociology. As an undergraduate at Notre Dame, he was a member of the Varsity baseball team, and was president of Fisher Hall. In 1978 he earned a J.D.from the University of Notre Dame Law School. Cari was awarded, and completed, a fellowship at the Institute of Politics at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. Personal life

<mask> married Rita Bahr, a corporate lawyer who specialized in mergers and acquisitions for Motorola Corporation. Ms. Bahr passed in 2002. [2]<mask> has one daughter, Nicole, who resides in Los Angeles. Business career
Cari's professional career has spanned the worlds of merchant banking, media, public policy, politics, law and education. Charitable activities
Rita Bahr Scholarship Fund:

<mask> established the Rita Bahr

masks:
Cari
Joseph
Elaine Cari
Joseph Cari
Cari
Elaine Cari
Cari
Joseph
Joseph


texts:
 Cari Memorial Fund at the University of Notre Dame's Law School, Center for Civil and Human Rights.This fund was created as a living memorial for his wife, who spent her childhood in Central and South America. The fund is used to advance the Center's mission to aid victims of human rights violations and "will enable the center to enhance its innovative and internationally renowned contributions in teaching, research, and service on behalf of human rights. All graduates of this program (a number of whom are from Central and South America) are an integral part of an international network of lawyers who, through their teaching and practice, strive to develop a global human rights culture.Rita Bahr Scholars for 2012:

Audrey Mena (Colombia) is an Afro-Colombian human rights lawyer who earned her law degree from the Technological University of Chocó in 2010. Inhabited largely by the descendants of African slaves brought by Colombia's Spanish colonizers, the department of Chocó is economically, ethnically and culturally distinct from the majority population in Colombia. Ms. Mena's research and advocacy focus on the human rights violations experienced by Afro-Colombians in Chocó, which result from crushing poverty, socio-environmental conflicts that result from illegal gold mining, and violence from guerillas and paramilitaries who seek to control this remote jungle for coca cultivation and drug smuggling routes. In 2009, the U.S. Embassy in Bogota awarded Ms. Mena the Martin Luther King, Jr. Fellowship for Young Afro-Colombian Leaders, recognizing her exceptional potential as an advocate for racial and environmental justice in Colombia. Sara Milena Ferrer


texts: (Colombia), also an Afro-Colombian human rights lawyer, earned her law degree from the University of Cartagena in 2008.After graduation, Ms. Ferrer became the first graduate of her law school to receive a clerkship with the Colombian Constitutional Court, one of the most highly regarded constitutional tribunals in the world. As a clerk for Justice Sierra Porto, her work includes writing draft decisions for cases involving economic, social and cultural rights violations. Ms. Ferrer also works for Racial Discrimination Watch in Bogota, where she provides guidance to Afro-Colombian organizations in their effort to seek reparations for victims of extrajudicial violence from Colombia's armed conflict. Christian Gonzalez (Guatemala) earned his LL.B. magna cum laude from the Jesuit Rafael Landivar University in 2010, where he is also completing an M.A. in Philosophy. Mr. Gonzalez became involved in human rights work through assisting two alumni of the CCHR's human rights program in successfully representing the family of Florencio Chitay Nech before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights; the Court held Guatemala responsible for the 1981 forced disappearance of Mr. Chitay Nech, an indigenous Mayan political leader.Currently, Mr. Gonzalez works for a law firm where he represents victims of human rights violations and government corruption before domestic tribunals. His pro bono work includes presenting workshops on HIV transmission on behalf of the National Council for the Prevention of HIV/AIDS and promoting access to justice in rural indigenous communities. Rita Bahr Children's Art for Haiti, University Of Notre Dame, ACE program in Haiti: Cari


texts:
 sponsored the Children's Art for Haiti Program which supports meals for children of Basile Moreau School and fosters creativity by sharing the beauty of their artwork and their dreams for the future. •	Democratic National Committee, Member of Executive Committee, 2000. •	Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, Vice Chairman of Finance committee, 1995. •	Democratic National Committee, General Counsel to Rules Committee, 1980 & 1984. •	Democratic National Committee, Member of Platform Accountability Commission, 1983.Presidential campaigns
•	Gore for President, National Finance Chairman, 2000. [3]
•	Kerrey (D-Neb.) for President, Finance Committee Member, 1991–1992. •	Biden for President, Mid-West Political Director, 1987. •	Mondale for President, Associate General Counsel, 1984. •	Carter for President, Illinois General Counsel, 1980. Public service

Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars
<mask> worked closely with authors & editors of books published by the Wilson Center Press, driving thought leadership in the subjects of politics, culture, society and history between the years 1995 and 2002, including the following titles:

 Bridled Ambition: Why Countries Constrain Their Nuclear Capabilities.Mitchell Reiss, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1995. Race: The History of an Idea in the West. Ivan Hannaford, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1996. Funding the Modern American State, 1941–1995. W. Eliot Brownlee, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1996. The Politics of Elections in Southeast Asia. R.H. Taylor,


texts: Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1996.Preparing for the Urban Future. Michael A. Cohen, Blair A. Ruble, <mask>. Tulchin and Allison M. Garland, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1996. The Crisis in Kashmir: Portents of War, Hopes of Peace. Sumit Ganguly, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1997. For Democracy's Sake. Kevin F. Quigley, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1997. Reconstructed Lives: Women and Iran's Islamic Revolution.Haleh Esfandiari, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1997. American Diplomacy and the End of the Cold War. Robert L. Hutchings, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1997. The Historical Imagination in Early Modern Britain. Donald R. Kelley and David Harris Sacks, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1997. Beyond the Monolith. Peter J. Stavrakis, Joan DeBardeleben and Larry Black, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1997.Beyond Gender. Betty Friedan, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1997. Churchill as Peacemaker. James W. Miller, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1997. Brothers in Arms: The Rise and Fall of the Sino-Soviet Alliance 1945-1963-Cold War International History Project Series. Odd Arne Westad, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1998.


texts: India and Pakistan: The First Fifty Years.Selig S. Harrison, Paul Kreisberg and Dennis Kux, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1998. At the End of the American Century. Robert L. Hutchings, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1998. Dilemmas of Scale in America's Federal Democracy. Martha Derthick, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1998. Race, Self-Employment, and Upward Mobility. Timothy Bates, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1998.In the Face of the Facts. Robert Whitman Fox and Robert B. Westbrook, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1998. The Quest for Sustained Growth: Southeast Asian and Southeast European Cases. Samuel F. Wells Jr., Barry M. Hager, Keith Crane, Paul Tibbitts and Karen Zietlow, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999. Taking Stock: American Government in the Twentieth Century. Morton Keller and R. Shep Melnick, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999. Reading Mixed Signals: Ambivalence in American Public Opinion about Government.Albert H. Cantril and Susan Davis Cantril, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999. Strategic Balance and Confidence Building Measures in the Americas. <mask>. Tulchin, Francisco Rojas Aravena and Ralph H. Espach, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999. Paradoxes of Democracy. S. N. Eisenstadt, Washington D.C.:


texts: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999. Welfare Reform: A Race to the Bottom?. Sanford F. Schram and Samuel H. Beer, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999.The American Planning Tradition: Culture and Policy. Robert Fishman, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999. Inventing Grand Strategy and Teaching Command: The Classic Works of Alfred Thayer Mahan Reconsidered. Jon Tetsuro Sumida, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999. Comparative Peace Processes in Latin America. Cynthia J. Arnson, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999. Rabin and Israel's National Security.Efraim Inbar, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 1999. NetPolicy.com: Public Agenda for a Digital World. Leslie David Simon, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2000. The Future of Merit: Twenty Years after the Civil Service Reform Act. James P. Pfiffner and Douglas A. Brook, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2000. Rogue States and U.S. Foreign Policy: Containment after the Cold War. Robert S. Litwak, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2000.Combating Corruption in Latin America. <mask>. Tulchin and Ralph H. Espach, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2000. Nationalism and the Crowd in Liberal Hungary, 1848–1914. Alice Freifeld, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub:


texts: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2000. The United States and Pakistan, 1947–2000: Disenchanted Allies. Dennis Kux, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. Second Metropolis: Pragmatic Pluralism in Gilded Age Chicago, Silver Age Moscow, and Meiji Osaka.Blair A. Ruble, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. Asian Americans and Politics: Perspectives, Experiences, Prospects. Gordon H. Chang, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. The Breakdown of Class Politics: A Debate on Post-Industrial Stratification. Terry Nichols Clark and Seymour Martin Lipset, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. Economic Cold War: America's Embargo against China and the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1949-1963-Cold War International History Project Series. Shu Guang Zhang, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001.Between the State and Islam. Charles E. Butterworth and I. William Zartman, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. Kinship and Capitalism: Marriage, Family, and Business in the English-speaking World, 1580–1740. Richard Grassby, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. Regional Russia in Transition: Studies from Yaroslavl. Jeffrey W. Hahn, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. Congress and the People.Donald R. Wolfensberger, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. Commerce


texts: in Russian Urban Culture 1861–1914. William Craft Brumfield, Boris V. Anan'ich and Yuri A. Petrov, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. European Defense Cooperation: Asset or Threat to NATO?. Michael Quinlan, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2001. A Revolutionary Year: The Middle East in 1958. Wm.Roger Louis and Owen Roger, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Political Parties after Communism: Developments in East-Central Europe. Tomáš Kostelecký, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Replicating Microfinance in the United States. James H. Carr and Zhong Yi Tong, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Entangled Evolutions: Media and Democratization in Eastern Europe. Peter Gross, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002.The Idea of Europe: From Antiquity to the European Union. Anthony Pagden, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Fragmented Space in the Russian Federation. Blair A. Ruble, Jodi Koehn and Nancy Popson, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. The Communitarian Persuasion. Philip Selznick, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Conflict Unending: India-Pakistan Tensions since 1947.Sumit Ganguly, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Beyond State Crisis? Post-Colonial Africa and


texts:
 Post-Soviet Eurasia in Comparative Perspective. Mark R. Beissinger and Crawford Young, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia. David J. O'Brien and Stephen K. Wegren, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Uncle Sam and Us: Globalization, Neoconservatism, and the Canadian State.Stephen Clarkson, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. A Creative Tension: The Foreign Policy Roles of the President and the Congress. Lee H. Hamilton and Jordan Tama, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Environmental Peacemaking. Ken Conca and Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002. Democracy and the Internet: Allies or Adversaries?. Javier Coralles, Donald R. Wolfensberger and Leslie David Simon, Washington D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Press (Copub: Johns Hopkins University Press), 2002.Federal plea agreement
In 2005, after full cooperation with the US Attorney's office in Chicago, Cari entered into a plea agreement for violation of 18 U.S.C § 1951. The Court, with the agreement of the government, commuted <mask>'s case on April 24, 2013. References

External links
 Politics & Economics Blog – JosephCari.com. Washington supports an ideology based on ethnic purity. Official Website – JoeCari.com. <mask> on the Obama Administration transition to power and implications for Middle East region at DailyStar.com on 03/05/09. Mr. <mask> on Palestinian Economic Development at FT.com on 12/17/08.Mr. <mask>

masks:
Cari
Joseph Cari
Joseph Cari
Joseph Cari


texts:
 on Israel, America, & a One-State Solution at FT.com on 12/10/09. American lawyers
Philanthropists from Illinois
American chief executives of financial services companies
University of Notre Dame alumni
Notre Dame Law School alumni
Harvard Kennedy School people
Notre Dame Fighting Irish baseball players
1952 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Chicago
Private equity and venture capital investors
American chairpersons of


texts: <mask> (born September 29, 1935) is an American singer, songwriter, and pianist. Nicknamed the Killer, he has been described as "rock n' roll's first great wild man and one of the most influential pianists of the 20th century." A pioneer of rock and roll and rockabilly music, <mask> made his first recordings in 1956 at Sun Records in Memphis. "Crazy Arms" sold 300,000 copies in the South, but it was his 1957 hit "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On" that shot <mask> to fame worldwide. He followed this with the major hits "Great Balls of Fire", "Breathless", and "High School Confidential". However, his rock and roll career faltered in the wake of his marriage to Myra Gale Brown, his 13-year-old cousin. His popularity quickly eroded following the scandal and with few exceptions such as a cover of Ray Charles's "What'd I Say", he did not have much chart success in the early 1960s.His live performances at this time were increasingly wild and energetic. His 1964 live album Live at the Star Club, Hamburg is regarded by music journalists and fans as one of the wildest and greatest live rock albums ever. In 1968, <mask> made a transition into country music and had hits with songs such as "Another Place, Another Time". This reignited his career, and throughout the late 1960s and 1970s he regularly topped the country-western charts; throughout his seven-decade career, <mask> has had 30 songs reach the Top 10 on the Billboard Country and Western Chart. His No. 1 country hits included "To Make Love Sweeter for You", "There Must Be More to Love Than This", "Would You Take Another Chance on Me" and "Me and Bobby McGee". <mask>'s successes

masks:
Jerry Lee Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis


texts: continued throughout the decades and he embraced his rock and roll past with songs such as a cover of The Big Bopper's "Chantilly Lace" and Mack Vickery's "Rockin' My Life Away".In the 21st century, <mask> continues to tour around the world and still releases new albums. His 2006 album Last Man Standing is his best-selling release to date, with over a million copies sold worldwide. This was followed by Mean Old Man in 2010, which has received some of the best sales of <mask>'s career. <mask> has a dozen gold records in both rock and country. He has won four Grammy awards, including a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and two Grammy Hall of Fame Awards. <mask> was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1986, and his pioneering contribution to the genre has been recognized by the Rockabilly Hall of Fame. He was also a member of the inaugural class inducted into the Memphis Music Hall of Fame.In 1989, his life was chronicled in the movie Great Balls of Fire, starring Dennis Quaid. In 2003, Rolling Stone listed his box set All Killer, No Filler: The Anthology number 242 on their list of "500 Greatest Albums of All Time". In 2004, they ranked him No. 24 on their list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. <mask> is the last surviving member of Sun Records' Million Dollar Quartet and the album Class of '55, which also included Johnny Cash, Carl Perkins, Roy Orbison, and Elvis Presley. Music critic Robert Christgau has said of <mask>: "His drive, his timing, his offhand vocal power, his unmistakable boogie-plus piano, and his absolute confidence in the face of the void make <mask> the quintessential rock and roller."

masks:
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee


texts:
 Early life

<mask> was born to Elmo Kidd <mask>. and Mary "Mamie" Herron <mask> in Ferriday, Concordia Parish.He grew up in an impoverished farming family in eastern Louisiana. In his youth, he began playing the piano with two of his cousins, Mickey Gilley (later a popular country music singer) and Jimmy Swaggart (later a popular television evangelist). His parents mortgaged their farm to buy him a piano. <mask> was influenced by a piano-playing older cousin, Carl McVoy (who later recorded with Bill Black's Combo), the radio, and the sounds from Haney's Big House, a black juke joint across the tracks. On November 19, 1949, <mask> made his first public performance of his career, playing with a country and western band at a car dealership in Ferriday. The hit of his set was a cover of R&B artist Sticks McGhee's "Drinkin' Wine, Spo-Dee-O-Dee". On the live album By Request, More of the Greatest Live Show on Earth, <mask> is heard naming Moon Mullican as an artist who inspired him.His mother enrolled him at the Southwest Bible Institute in Waxahachie, Texas so that he could sing evangelical songs exclusively. When <mask> daringly played a boogie-woogie rendition of "My God Is Real" at a church assembly, it ended his association with the school the same night. Pearry Green, then president of the student body, related how during a talent show <mask> played some "worldly" music. The next morning, the dean of the school called <mask> and Green into his office to expel them. After that incident, he went home and started playing at clubs in and around Ferriday and Natchez, Mississippi, becoming part of the burgeoning new rock and roll

masks:
Lewis
Lewis Sr
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis


texts:
 sound and cutting his first demo recording in 1952 for Cosimo Matassa in New Orleans. Around 1955, he traveled to Nashville, where he played in clubs and attempted to build interest, but was turned down by the Grand Ole Opry, as he was already at the Louisiana Hayride country stage and radio show in Shreveport. Career

Sun Records

In November 1956, <mask> traveled to Memphis, Tennessee to audition for Sun Records.Label owner Sam Phillips was in Florida, but producer and engineer Jack Clement recorded <mask>'s rendition of Ray Price's "Crazy Arms" and his own composition "End of the Road". In December 1956, <mask> began recording prolifically, as a solo artist and as a session musician for other Sun artists, including Carl Perkins and Johnny Cash. His distinctive piano playing can be heard on many tracks recorded at Sun in late 1956 and early 1957, including Carl Perkins's "Matchbox", "Your True Love", and "Put Your Cat Clothes On" and <mask> Riley's "Flyin' Saucers Rock'n'Roll". On December 4, 1956, Elvis Presley dropped in on Phillips to pay a social visit while Perkins was in the studio cutting new tracks with <mask> backing him on piano. Johnny Cash was also there watching Perkins. The four then started an impromptu jam session and Phillips left the tape running. These recordings, almost half of which were gospel songs, have been released on CD as Million Dollar Quartet.Tracks also include Elvis Presley's "Don't Be Cruel" and "Paralyzed", Chuck Berry's "Brown Eyed Handsome Man" and Pat Boone's "Don't Forbid Me". <mask>'s own singles (on which he was billed as "<mask> Lee Lewis And His Pumping Piano") advanced his career

masks:
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Billy Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry


texts: as a soloist during 1957, with hits such as "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On", a Big Maybelle cover, and "Great Balls of Fire", his biggest hit, bringing him international fame, despite criticism for the songs, which prompted some radio stations to boycott them. In 2005, "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On" was selected for permanent preservation in the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. According to several first-hand sources, including Johnny Cash, <mask>, a devout Christian, was troubled by the sinful nature of his own material, which he believed was leading him and his audience to Hell. This aspect of <mask>'s character was depicted in Waylon Payne's portrayal of <mask> in the 2005 film Walk the Line, based on Cash's autobiographies. As part of his stage act, <mask> pounded the keys with his heel, kicked the piano bench aside and played standing, raking his hands up and down the keyboard for dramatic effect, sat on the keyboard and even stood on top of the instrument. <mask> told the Pop Chronicles that kicking over the bench originally happened by accident, but when it got a favourable response, he kept it in the act.His first TV appearance, in which he demonstrated some of these moves, was on The Steve Allen Show on July 28, 1957, where he played "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin On". His dynamic performance style can be seen in films such as High School Confidential (he sang the title song from the back of a flatbed truck), and Jamboree. He has been called "rock & roll's first great wild man" and also "rock & roll's first great eclectic". Classical composer Michael Nyman has also cited <mask>'s style as the

masks: Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis


texts:
 progenitor of his own aesthetic. Marriage controversy
<mask>'s turbulent personal life was hidden from the public until a May 1958 British tour where Ray Berry, a news agency reporter at London's Heathrow Airport (the only journalist present), learned about <mask>' third wife Myra Gale Brown. She is <mask>'s first cousin once removed and was 13 years old (even though <mask> said that she was 15) – while <mask> was 22 years old. The publicity caused an uproar, and the tour was cancelled after only three concerts.In 1960, Phillips opened a new state-of-the-art studio at 639 Madison Avenue in Memphis, abandoning the old Union Avenue studio where Phillips had recorded B.B. King, Howlin' Wolf, Elvis Presley, Roy Orbison, Carl Perkins, <mask>, Johnny Cash and others, and also opened a studio in Nashville. It was at the latter studio that <mask> recorded his only major hit during this period, a rendition of Ray Charles's "What'd I Say" in 1961. In Europe, other updated versions of "Sweet Little Sixteen" (September 1962 UK) and "Good Golly Miss Molly" (March 1963) entered the hit parade. On popular EPs, "Hang Up My Rock and Roll Shoes", "I've Been Twistin'", "Money" and "Hello Josephine" also became turntable hits, especially in nascent discothèques. Another recording of <mask> playing an instrumental boogie arrangement of the Glenn Miller Orchestra favorite "In the Mood" was issued on the Phillips International label under the pseudonym "the Hawk". Smash Records
<mask>'s Sun recording contract ended in 1963, and he joined Smash Records, where he made several rock recordings that did not further his career.The team at Smash (a

masks: Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis


texts:
 division of Mercury Records) came up with "I'm on Fire", a song that they felt would be perfect for <mask> and, as Colin Escott writes in the sleeve to the retrospective A Half Century of Hits, "Mercury held the presses, thinking they had found <mask>'s comeback hit, and it might have happened if the Beatles hadn't arrived in America, changing radio playlists almost overnight. Mercury didn't really know what to do with <mask> after that." One of Smash's first decisions was to record a retread of his Sun hits, Golden Hits of <mask> <mask>, which was inspired by the continuing enthusiasm European fans had shown for <mask>'s firebrand rock and roll. In June 1963, <mask> returned to the UK for the first time since the scandal that nearly ended his career five years earlier, to headline a performance on the MV Royal Daffodil, for a cross-channel rock and roll cruise from Southend, Essex, UK to Boulogne, France. For this performance, he was backed by Ritchie Blackmore and the Outlaws. However, despite his successful live tours, none of <mask>'s early Smash albums, including The Return of Rock, Memphis Beat, and Soul My Way, were commercial successes. Live at the Star Club, Hamburg
One major success during these lost years was the concert album Live at the Star Club, Hamburg, recorded with the Nashville Teens in 1964, which is considered one of the greatest live albums ever.In Joe Bonomo's book Lost and Found, producer Siggi Loch stated that the recording setup was uncomplicated, with microphones placed as close to the instruments as possible and a stereo mic placed in the audience to capture the ambience. The results were

masks:
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis


texts:
 sonically astonishing, with Bonomo observing, "Detractors complain of the album's crashing noisiness, the lack of subtlety with which <mask> revisits the songs, the fact that the piano is mixed too loudly, but what is certain is that Siggi Loch on this spring evening captured something brutally honest about the Killer, about the primal and timeless centre of the very best rock & roll..." The album showcases <mask>'s skills as a pianist and singer, honed by relentless touring. In a 5-out-of-5-stars review, Milo Miles wrote in Rolling Stone magazine that "Live at the Star Club, Hamburg is not an album, it's a crime scene: <mask> <mask> slaughters his rivals in a thirteen-song set that feels like one long convulsion." Country comeback

Frustrated by Smash's inability to score a hit, <mask> was planning on leaving the label when promotions manager Eddie Kilroy called him and pitched the idea of cutting a pure country record in Nashville. With nothing to lose, <mask> agreed to record the <mask> song "Another Place, Another Time", which was released as a single on March 9, 1968, and, to everyone's amazement, shot up the country charts. At the time of the release, <mask> had been playing Iago in a rock and roll adaptation of Othello called Catch My Soul in Los Angeles but was soon rushed back to Nashville to record another batch of songs with producer <mask>. What followed was a string of hits that no one could have ever predicted, although country music always remained a major part of <mask>'s repertoire.As Colin Escott observes in the sleeve to the 1995 compilation Killer Country, the conversion to country music in 1968 "looked

masks:
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Chesnut
Lewis
Jerry Kennedy
Lewis


texts: at the time like a radical shift, but it was neither as abrupt nor as unexpected as it seemed. <mask> had always recorded country music, and his country breakthrough "Another Place, Another Time" had been preceded by countries country records starting with his first, 'Crazy Arms', in 1956." The last time <mask> had a song on the country charts was with "Pen and Paper" in 1964, which had reached number 36, but "Another Place, Another Time" would go all the way to number 4 and remain on the charts for 17 weeks. Between 1968 and 1977, <mask> had 17 Top 10 hit singles on the Billboard country chart, including four chart-toppers. Hits include "What's Made Milwaukee Famous (Has Made A Loser Out of Me)", "To Make Love Sweeter For You", "She Still Comes Around (To Love What's Left of Me)", "Since I Met You Baby", "Once More With Feeling", "One Has My Name (The Other Has My Heart)", and "Sometimes A Memory Ain't Enough". The production on his early country albums, such as Another Place, Another Time and She Even Woke Me Up To Say Goodbye, was sparse, quite different from the slick "Nashville sound" that was predominant on country radio at the time, and also expressed a full commitment by <mask> to a country audience. The songs still featured <mask>'s inimitable piano flourishes, but critics were most taken aback by the rock and roll pioneer's effortlessly soulful vocals, which possessed an emotional resonance on par with the most respected country singers of the time, such as George Jones and Merle Haggard.In his book <mask> <mask>: His Own Story, biographer Rick Bragg notes that the songs <mask> was recording "were of the kind they

masks:
Jerry
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Lewis


texts:
 were starting to call 'hard country', not because it had a rock beat or crossed over into rock in a real way, but because it was more substantial than the cloying, overproduced mess out there on country radio". In a remarkable turnaround, <mask> became the most bankable country star in the world. He was so huge in 1970 that his former Smash producer Shelby Singleton, who purchased Sun Records from Sam Phillips in July 1969, wasted no time in repackaging many of <mask>'s old country recordings with such effectiveness that many fans assumed they were recent releases. One of his latter unreleased Sun recordings, "One Minute Past Eternity", was issued as a single and soared to number 2 on the country chart, following <mask>'s recent Mercury hit "She Even Woke Me Up To Say Goodbye". Singleton would milk these unreleased recordings for years, following The Golden Cream of the Country with A Taste of Country later in 1970. Grand Ole Opry appearance
<mask> played the Grand Ole Opry for the first and only time on January 20, 1973. As Colin Escott writes in the liner notes to A Half Century of Hits, <mask> had always maintained ambivalent feelings towards Music City ever since he'd been turned away as an aspiring musician before his glory days at Sun Records: "It was 18 years since he had left Nashville broke and disheartened... <mask> was never truly accepted in Nashville.He didn't move there and didn't schmooze there. He didn't fit in with the family values crowd. <mask> family values weren't necessarily worse, but they were different." As recounted in a 2015 online Rolling Stone article by Beville Dunkerly, <mask> opened with his

masks: Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis


texts:
 comeback single "Another Place, Another Time". Ignoring his allotted time constraints— and, thus, commercial breaks— <mask> played for 40 minutes (the average Opry performance is two songs, for about eight minutes of stage time maximum) and invited Del Wood— the one member of the Opry who had been kind to him when he had been there as a teenager— out on stage to sing with him. He also blasted through "Whole Lotta Shakin' Going On", "Workin' Man Blues", "Good Golly Miss Molly", and a host of other classics. The Session and Southern Roots
<mask> returned to the pop charts with "Me and Bobby McGee" in 1971 and "Chantilly Lace" in 1972, and this turn of events, coupled with a revitalized public interest in vintage rock and roll, inspired Mercury to fly <mask> to London in 1973 to record with a cadre of gifted British and Irish musicians, including Rory Gallagher, Kenney Jones, and <mask>.By all accounts the sessions were tense. The remake of <mask>'s old Sun cut "Drinking Wine Spo-Dee-O-Dee" would be the album's hit single, reaching number 20 on the Billboard country chart and peaking at number 41 on the pop chart. The Session would be <mask>'s highest pop charting album since 1964's Golden Hits of <mask> Lee Lewis, hitting number 37. It did far better on the country albums chart, rising to number 4. Later that same year, he went to Memphis and recorded Southern Roots: Back Home to Memphis, a soul-infused rock album produced by Huey Meaux. According to Rick Bragg's authorized 2014 biography, "the Killer" was in a foul mood when he showed up at Trans Maximus Studios in Memphis to record: "During these sessions, he insulted the

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Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Albert Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry


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 producer, threatened to kill a photographer, and drank and medicated his way into but not out of a fog." During one exchange that can be heard on the 2013 reissue Southern Roots: The Original Sessions, Meaux asks <mask>, "Do you wanna try one?", meaning a take, to which <mask> replies, "If you got enough fuckin' sense to cut it." <mask> was still pumping out country albums, although the hits were beginning to dry up. His last big hit with Mercury was "Middle Age Crazy", which made it to number 4 in 1977. Later career

In 1979, <mask> switched to Elektra and produced the critically acclaimed <mask> <mask>, although sales were disappointing. In 1986, <mask> was one of the inaugural inductees into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Although looking frail after several hospitalizations due to stomach problems, <mask> was responsible for beginning an unplanned jam at the end of the evening, which was eventually incorporated into all future events. That year, he returned to Sun Studio in Memphis to team up with Orbison, Cash, and Perkins along with longtime admirers like John Fogerty to create the album Class of '55.In 1989, a major motion picture based on his early life in rock and roll, Great Balls of Fire!, brought him back into the public eye, especially when he decided to re-record all his songs for the movie soundtrack. The film was based on the book by <mask>'s ex-wife, Myra Gale <mask>, and starred Dennis Quaid as <mask>, Winona Ryder as Myra, and Alec Baldwin as Jimmy Swaggart. The movie focuses on <mask>'s early career and his relationship with Myra and ends with the scandal of the late 1950s. A year later, in 1990, <mask>

masks:
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis


texts: made minor news when a new song he recorded called "It Was the Whiskey Talkin' (Not Me)" was included in the soundtrack to the hit movie Dick Tracy. The song is also heard in the movie, playing on the radio. The public downfall of his cousin, television evangelist Jimmy Swaggart around the same time, resulted in more adverse publicity to a troubled family. Swaggart is also a piano player, as is another cousin, country music star Mickey Gilley.All three listened to the same music in their youth and frequented Haney's Big House, the Ferriday club that featured black blues acts. <mask> and Swaggart have had a complex relationship over the years. In 1998, <mask> toured Europe with Chuck Berry and Little Richard. On February 12, 2005, he was given a Lifetime Achievement Award by The Recording Academy. On September 26, 2006, a new album titled Last Man Standing was released, featuring many of rock and roll's elite as guest stars. Receiving positive reviews, the album charted in four different Billboard charts, including a two-week stay at number one on the Indie charts. A DVD entitled Last Man Standing Live, featuring concert footage with many guest artists, was released in March 2007.In October 2008, as part of a successful European tour, <mask> appeared at two London shows a special private show at the 100 Club on October 25 and at the London Forum on October 28 with Wanda Jackson and his sister, Linda Gail <mask>. In August 2009, in advance of his new album, a single entitled "Mean Old Man" was released for download. It was written by Kris Kristofferson. An EP featuring this song and four more was also released on November 11.

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 On October 29, 2009, <mask> opened the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 25th Anniversary concert at Madison Square Garden in New York City. In May 2013, <mask> opened a new club on Beale Street in Memphis. <mask> is still considered actively performing in concert, though he had to cancel all shows since his February 28, 2019 stroke, waiting for his doctors' go-ahead.In 2017 <mask> made a personal appearance at The Country Music Television 'Skyville Live' show. It was a specially recorded performance featuring a whole array of artists paying tribute to the music of <mask>. In March 2020, it was announced that <mask>, together with producer T-Bone Burnett, was recording a new album of gospel covers. It was the first time he entered a recording studio following his stroke. On October 27, 2020, to celebrate <mask>' 85th birthday, a livestream aired on YouTube, Facebook and his official website. The livestream special, Whole Lotta Celebratin' Goin' On, featured appearances and performances by Willie Nelson, Elton John, Mike Love, Priscilla Presley, Joe Walsh, and others. John Stamos served as the host.Music legacy

Accolades

Along with Johnny Cash, Carl Perkins, and Roy Orbison, <mask> received the first Grammy Award in the spoken-word category for the very rare album of interviews released with some early copies of the Class of '55 album in 1986. The original Sun cut of "Great Balls of Fire" was elected to the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1998, and <mask>'s Sun recording of "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin On" received this honor in 1999. Only recordings that are at least 25 years old and have left a lasting impression can receive this honor.


texts:
 On February 12, 2005, <mask> received the Recording Academy's Lifetime Achievement Award the day before the Recording Academy's main Grammy Awards ceremony, which he also attended. In June 1989, <mask> was honored for his contribution to the recording industry with a star along Hollywood Boulevard on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. On October 10, 2007, <mask> received the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's American Music Masters Award. His next album, Mean Old Man, was released in September 2010 and reached No.30 on the Billboard 200 album chart. On November 5, 2007, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, honored <mask> with six days of conferences, interviews, a DVD premiere and film clips, dedicated to him and entitled The Life And Music of <mask> <mask>. On November 10, the week culminated with a tribute concert compered by Kris Kristofferson. <mask> was present to accept the American Music Masters Award and closed his own tribute show with a rendition of "Over the Rainbow". On February 10, 2008, he appeared with John Fogerty and Little Richard on the 50th Grammy Awards, performing "Great Balls of Fire" in a medley with "Good Golly Miss Molly". On June 4, 2008, <mask> was inducted into the Louisiana Music Hall of Fame and appeared on A Capitol Fourth and performed the finale's final act with a medley of "Roll Over Beethoven", "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin On" and "Great Balls of Fire". In December 2019, <mask> was honored with a Mississippi Country Music Trail marker at his ranch in Nesbit, Mississippi to celebrate his contributions to country music.Piano style
<mask> was an incendiary

masks:
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis


texts: showman who often played with his fists, elbows, feet, and backside, sometimes climbing on top of the piano during gigs and even apocryphally setting it on fire. Like Chuck Berry's guitar playing, <mask>'s piano style has become synonymous with rock and roll, having influenced generations of piano players. In a 2013 interview with Leah Harper, Elton John recalls that up until "Great Balls of Fire", "the piano playing that I had heard had been more sedate. My dad collected George Shearing records, but this was the first time I heard someone beat the shit out of a piano. When I saw Little Richard at the Harrow Granada, he played it standing up, but <mask> <mask> actually jumped on the piano! This was astonishing to me, that people could do that. Those records had such a huge effect on me, and they were just so great.I learned to play like that." <mask> is primarily known for his "boogie-woogie" style, which is characterized by a regular left-hand bass figure and dancing beat, but his command of the instrument and highly individualistic style set him apart. Appearing on Memphis Sounds with George Klein in 2011, <mask> credited his older piano-playing cousin Carl McVoy as being a crucial influence, stating, "He was a great piano player, a great singer, and a nice-looking man, carried himself real well. I miss Carl very much." <mask> also cited Moon Mullican as a source of inspiration. Although almost entirely self-taught, <mask> conceded to biographer Rich Bragg in 2014 that Paul Whitehead, a blind pianist from Meadville, Mississippi, was another key influence on him in his earliest days playing clubs. Although <mask>'s piano

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Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
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Lewis
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 playing is commonly labelled boogie-woogie, gospel music was another major influence in the formation of his technique.In Joe Bonomo's 2009 book Jerry Lee Lewis: Lost and Found, Memphis producer and musician Jim Dickinson calls <mask>'s occasional penchant for interrupting the standard boogie woogie left-hand progression by omitting the seventh and repeating the fifth and sixth, creating a repetitive, driving, quasi-menacing momentum, "revolutionary, almost inexplicable. Maybe Ella Mae Morse, Moon Mullican had done it, but not in a way that became the propelling force of the song. Rock and roll piano up to that point had been defined by Rosco Gordon, Ike Turner, and to an extent, Ray Charles. None of them was doing that. Even Little Richard, as primitive as he plays, wasn't doing that shuffle... There was something in <mask> that didn't want to play that seventh, and that's the church. Certainly in white spiritual music you avoid sevenths."Personal life

Relationships and children
<mask> has been "married" seven times, including bigamous marriages and a marriage with his own underage cousin. He had six children during his marriages. In 1962, his son Steve Allen <mask> drowned in a swimming pool accident at age three, and in 1973, <mask> <mask>. died at the age of 19 when he overturned the Jeep he was driving. When he was 16, he married Dorothy Barton, the daughter of a preacher. Their union lasted for 20 months from February 1952 to October 1953. His second marriage in September 1953, to Jane Mitchum, was of dubious validity because it occurred 23 days before his divorce from Barton was final. After four years, <mask>

masks:
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis Jr
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texts: filed for divorce in October 1957.The couple had two children: <mask> <mask>. (1954–1973) and Ronnie Guy <mask> (b. 1956). His third marriage was to 13-year-old Myra Gale Brown, his first cousin once removed, on December 12, 1957. However, his divorce from Jane Mitchum was not finalized before the ceremony took place, so he remarried Brown on June 4, 1958. In 1970, Brown filed for divorce on the grounds of adultery and abuse, charging that she had been "subject to every type of physical and mental abuse imaginable." They had two children: Steve Allen <mask> (1959–1962) and Phoebe Allen <mask> (b. 1963).His fourth marriage was to Jaren Elizabeth Gunn Pate (October 1971 – June 8, 1982). Pate drowned in a swimming pool at the home of a friend with whom she was staying, several weeks before divorce proceedings could be finalized. They had one daughter, <mask> <mask> (b. 1972). Mary Kathy 'K.K.' Jones of San Antonio, Texas, testified in court during <mask>' income tax evasion trial in 1984 that she lived with him from 1980 to 1983. His fifth marriage, to Shawn Stephens, lasted 77 days from June to August 1983, ending with her death.Journalist Richard Ben Cramer alleged that <mask> abused her and may have been responsible for her death, but the allegations have never been verified. His sixth marriage, to Kerrie McCarver, lasted 21 years from April 1984 to June 2005. They have one child: <mask> <mask> (b. 1987). In 1993, <mask> moved to Ireland with his family in what was suggested (but denied) to be a move to avoid issues with the Internal Revenue Service. He lived in a rented house on Westminster Road in Foxrock, Dublin, and

masks:
Jerry Lee
Lewis Jr
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lori Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis III
Lewis


texts:
 during his time there was sued by the German company Neue Constantin Film Production GmbH for failure to appear at a concert in Munich in 1993. <mask> returned to the US in 1997 after his tax issues had been resolved by Irish promoter Kieran Cavanagh.<mask> lived on a ranch in Nesbit, Mississippi with his family. <mask> married his seventh wife <mask> (née Brown) on March 9, 2012. The next day, <mask> severed business ties with his daughter <mask>-Loftin who was his manager and revoked her power of attorney. In 2017, <mask> sued his daughter and her husband Zeke Loftin claiming that she owed him "substantial sums of money." In the lawsuit, <mask>, his wife <mask>, and his son <mask> <mask> III also claimed Loftin defamed them on Facebook. <mask> and her husband counter-sued, claiming <mask> and <mask> <mask> interfered in the business relationship. In April 2019, U.S. District Judge Neal Biggers ruled that most of the claims were barred by a three-year statute of limitations except the defamation claims.Religious beliefs
As a teenager, <mask> studied at the Southwest Bible Institute in Waxahachie, Texas before being thrown out for daring to play a boogie-woogie version of "My God Is Real", and that early incident foreshadowed his lifelong conflict over his faith in God and his love of playing "the devil's music". <mask> had a recorded argument with Sam Phillips during the recording session for "Great Balls of Fire", a song he initially refused to record because he considered it blasphemous ("How can…  How can the devil save souls? What are you talkin' about?" he asks Phillips during one heated exchange.) During the famous

masks:
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Judith Lewis
Lewis
Phoebe Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Judith Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Lewis Loftin
Judith Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis III
Lewis
Lewis


texts:
 Million Dollar Quartet jam involving <mask>, Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, and Johnny Cash, they performed several gospel songs. <mask>'s biographer Rick Bragg explains that part of the reason the recording only features <mask> and Elvis singing is because "only Elvis and <mask> [were] raised in the Assembly of God", and Johnny and Carl didn't really know the words...  they was Baptists', [<mask>] said, and therefore deprived." In the 1990 documentary The Jerry Lee Lewis Story, <mask> said to the interviewer, "The Bible doesn't even speak of religion.No word of religion is even in the Bible. Sanctification! Are you sanctified? Have you been saved? See, I was a good preacher, I know my Bible? I find myself falling short of the glory of God." Gospel music was a staple of his performing repertoire.After a string of hit country albums, he decided to record a gospel album for the first time in 1970. Graceland arrest
On November 22, 1976, <mask> was arrested outside Elvis Presley's Graceland home for allegedly intending to shoot him. <mask> almost killed his own bass player, Butch Owens, on September 29, 1976 (<mask>'s 41st birthday) when a .357 Magnum accidentally went off in his hand. In Rick Bragg's 2014 authorized biography, <mask> <mask>: His Own Story, <mask> said that the reclusive Presley had been trying to reach him and finally did on November 23, imploring him to "come out to the house." <mask> replied that he would if he had time, but that he was busy trying to get his father, Elmo, out of jail in Tunica for driving under the influence. Later that night, <mask> was at a Memphis nightclub called Vapors drinking champagne

masks:
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis


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 when he was given a gun. <mask> suddenly remembered that Elvis wanted to see him and, climbing aboard his new Lincoln Continental with the loaded pistol on the dash and a bottle of champagne under his arm, tore off for Graceland.Just before three o'clock in the morning, <mask> accidentally smashed into the famous Graceland gates. Presley's astonished cousin Harold Lloyd was manning the gate and watched <mask> attempt to hurl the champagne bottle out the car window, not realizing the window was rolled up, smashing both. Bragg reports that <mask> denies ever intending to do Presley harm, that the two were friends, but "Elvis, watching on the closed-circuit television, told guards to call the police. The Memphis police found the gun in the car and put <mask>, protesting, hollering, threatening them, away in handcuffs." <mask> said, "The cops asked Elvis, 'What do you want us to do? And Elvis told 'em, 'Lock him up.' That hurt my feelings.To be scared of me – knowin' me the way he did – was ridiculous." <mask> was charged with carrying a pistol and public drunkenness. Released on a $250 bond, his defiant mugshot was wired around the world. Presley himself died at Graceland eight months later. Financial issues

In 1979, the IRS seized property from <mask> to compensate a $274,000 tax debt. The property included several automobiles, a tractor, five motorcycles, jewelry, musical instruments, home entertainment equipment and firearms. In 1980, an auction was held, but only 150 potential bidders showed up.The auction amassed $91,382, less than a third of the debt. In 1984, he was found innocent of evading taxes. However, the next


texts:
 year, the IRS seized property from <mask>’ ranch in Nesbit, Mississippi. In 1988, <mask> filed for bankruptcy, petitioning that he was more than $3 million in debt, including $2 million he owed to the IRS. Health problems
On February 28, 2019, <mask> suffered a major stroke in Memphis. He fully recovered, but had to cancel upcoming appearances. Selected discography

 <mask> <mask> (1958)
 <mask>'s Greatest (1962)
 Live at the Star Club, Hamburg (1964)
 The Return of Rock (1965)
 Country Songs for City Folks/All Country (1965)
 Memphis Beat (1966)
 Soul My Way (1967)
 Another Place, Another Time (1968)
 She Still Comes Around (1969)
 Sings the Country Music Hall of Fame Hits, Vol.1 (1969)
 Sings the Country Music Hall of Fame Hits, Vol. 2 (1969)
 The Golden Cream of the Country (1969)
 She Even Woke Me Up to Say Goodbye (1970)
 A Taste of Country (1970)
 There Must Be More to Love Than This (1971)
 Touching Home (1971)
 Would You Take Another Chance on Me? (1971)
 The Killer Rocks On (1972)
 Who's Gonna Play This Old Piano? References

Bibliography

External links

 <mask> <mask> at 45cat.com
Rockin' My Life Away by Jimmy Guterman, a full online biography
Rock ‘n’ Roll Hall of Fame

Listing of all <mask>'s Sun Records recordings and alternatives

1935 births
Living people
20th-century American composers
20th-century American male singers
20th-century American singers
21st-century American composers
21st-century American male singers
21st-century American singers
American blues pianists
American blues singers
American country singer-songwriters
American gospel singers
American male composers
American male film

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Lewis
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Lewis
Jerry Lee
Jerry Lee
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 actors
American male pianists
American male pop singers
American male singer-songwriters
American male stage actors
American multi-instrumentalists
American Pentecostals
American pop pianists
American rock pianists
American rock singers
American rock songwriters
American rockabilly musicians
American soul singers
Blues musicians from Louisiana
Blues musicians from Mississippi
Charly Records artists
Child marriage in the United States
Christians from Louisiana
Christians from Mississippi
Country musicians from Louisiana
Country musicians from Mississippi
Grammy Award winners
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners
Mercury Records artists
People from Ferriday, Louisiana
People from Nesbit, Mississippi
Rock and roll musicians
Singer-songwriters from Louisiana
Singer-songwriters from Mississippi
Sire Records artists
Smash Records artists
Sun Records


texts:
<mask>  (26 April 1655 (baptised) – 29 November 1716), Bishop of Exeter and religious controversialist, was born in London. Early life and education
Baptized on 26 April 1655 at St Gregory by Paul's, he was the son of <mask> (bapt. 1621; died 1688), freeman of the Haberdashers' Company and later alderman of the City of London, and his wife, Martha (bapt. 1625; d. 1701? ), daughter of <mask>, rector of St Antholin, Budge Row, and trier of the second presbyterian classis (or eldership) of London. <mask>'s father owned land in several counties as well as property in the city, and although he conformed to the established church may have retained some puritan sympathies.During <mask>'s youth his parents resided in Lordshold Manor, an 'ancient brick house' in Dalston, Middlesex (VCH Middlesex, 10.89). He was educated in nearby Hackney, perhaps at the free school of which Robert Skingle was master, before being admitted as a pensioner to St Catharine's College, Cambridge, on 26 April 1671. He graduated BA in 1675, proceeded MA in 1678, and was elected in 1679 (by the interest, it was rumoured, of William Wake) to a fellowship, which he resigned in 1687. He was ordained deacon on 11 March 1677 and priest on 19 December 1680. The university awarded him the degree of DD in 1700. Cleric
On 14 January 1690 <mask> was instituted to the rectory of South Ockendon, Essex; he resigned this for the rectory of St Mary Aldermary, London, to which he was presented by the dean and chapter of St Paul's on 6 November 1694. He also held the city

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Ofspring Blackall
Thomas Blackall
Charles Ofspring
Blackall
Blackall
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 lectureships of St Olave Jewry from 1695 to 1698, and St Dunstan-in-the-West from 1698.He was appointed chaplain to William and Mary, although it was later alleged that he had been a nonjuror and had refused to swear allegiance to the new monarchs for two years. <mask> was nominated to the bishopric of Exeter by the personal determination of Queen Anne, upon the recommendation of John Sharp, archbishop of York, but without the knowledge of her ministers, whose politically expedient recommendations the queen, mindful of the royal prerogative, deemed insufficiently orthodox. It was consequently remarked wittily that he was the 'queen's bishop'. He was consecrated at Lambeth on 8 February 1708. To supplement his episcopal revenues he was permitted to hold, in addition to his bishopric, the deanery of St Buryan, Cornwall, the rectory of Shorbrook, Devon, and the offices of archdeacon and treasurer of Exeter. He was a diligent bishop in his diocese, and he was also instrumental in the institution of charity schools in Exeter. He lived to see the establishment of two such schools for boys and two for girls, of fifty pupils each.<mask> was consecrated a bishop at Lambeth on 8 February, 17008 by the Bishop of London. By a strange twist of fate, Sir William Dawes was on the same date consecrated a bishop at nearby Westminster by the Bishop of Winchester. Dawes later edited and published a posthumous two-volume edition of <mask>'s sermons. Public life and works
<mask> came to public prominence in 1699 when he engaged in a controversy

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texts: with the Irish deist and pamphleteer John Toland. In his Life of John Milton (1699), Toland had disputed Charles I's authorship of Eikon Basilike. In a brief aside Toland remarked that if such a recent deception could remain undiscovered, it was not surprising that the dubious authorship of some ancient Christian writings had likewise gone undetected. <mask> understood that Toland had slyly insinuated that parts of the New Testament were forgeries.In a sermon before the House of Commons on 30 January 1699, <mask> called on the Commons to act against this denial of the authenticity of the revelation of God, which if left unchecked would undermine public morality as well as Christian doctrine. Toland replied with Amyntor, or, A Defence of Milton's Life (1699), which attacked <mask> in a highly personal manner and accused him of theological ignorance. Toland disingenuously claimed he had disputed the authenticity not of the New Testament, but of 'spurious' apocryphal Christian works, of which he provided an extensive catalogue. <mask>'s response, Mr <mask>'s Reasons for not Replying to a Book Lately Published Entitled Amyntor (1699), ably demonstrated that Toland's words should most naturally have been taken to have referred to the New Testament, but <mask> nevertheless acknowledged Toland's apparent retraction. <mask>'s altercation with Toland had brought him to prominence as a defender of revealed religion against the attacks of the deists. Consequently, he was chosen to deliver the Boyle Lectures in 1700. These consisted of

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