texts:
 to defend the title against John Ruiz of Chelsea, Massachusetts, who was then an obscure Don King fighter who had been made the WBA's number one-ranked contender. The WBA gave permission for <mask> to fight his WBC mandatory Michael Grant first if he would fight Ruiz next, to which <mask> agreed. Opposed to this, King challenged this decision in court on the basis of a clause in the <mask> rematch contract that said <mask>'s first bout as undisputed champion would be against the WBA's number one contender. <mask> was therefore to be stripped of his WBA belt if he fought Grant first. It was because of this that the WBA instated its "Super Champion" title, giving unified titleholders who also hold a WBA belt more time to defend against mandatory challengers.<mask> proceeded to fight the 203 cm (6 foot 7 inch) American Michael Grant, whom he considered the best contender available. He successfully defended his WBC, IBO and IBF titles against Grant with a second-round knockout victory in Madison Square Garden in April 2000. Later that same year, <mask> knocked out South African Francois Botha in two rounds in London, before winning a 12-round decision against New Zealander and IBF mandatory opponent, David Tua in Las Vegas. <mask> vs Rahman

Loss to Rahman (Thunder in Africa)

On 21 April 2001, <mask> was knocked out by 20-to-1 underdog Hasim Rahman in a bout at Carnival City Casino in South Africa. The main event actually took place on Sunday 22 April 2001 at 05:00 local time in order to accommodate HBOs significant United States-based audience at a reasonable hour on the Saturday night. Before the bout, <mask> had a role in the film Ocean's Eleven in which he "boxed" against

masks:
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis Holyfield
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis


type: original

texts:
 Wladimir Klitschko. <mask> vs. Rahman II

<mask> immediately sought a rematch with the new champion; Rahman, however, now being promoted by Don King, tried to secure another opponent for his inaugural title defence.<mask> took Rahman to court to honour the rematch clause in their contract. Rahman was ordered to honour the clause and give <mask> a rematch in his first title defence. While promoting the rematch with Rahman on ESPN's Up Close, the fighters got into a brawl similar to the one between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier in front of Howard Cosell on Wide World of Sports. <mask> regained the title on 17 November by outclassing and then knocking out Hasim Rahman in the fourth round of their rematch. Unbeaten streak

<mask> vs. Tyson

On 8 June 2002, <mask> defended his title against Mike Tyson. Ticket sales were slow because they were priced as high as US $2,400, but a crowd of 15,327 turned up to see boxing's then biggest event at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee. Tyson also had to pay <mask> $335,000 out of his purse for biting him at the news conference announcing the fight, which was originally scheduled for 6 April 2002 in Las Vegas.Las Vegas, however, rejected the fight because of Tyson's licensing problems and several other states refused Tyson a licence before Memphis finally bid US $12 million to land it. By the end of the seventh round Tyson was tired and sluggish, his face swollen and his eyes cut. He was knocked out in the eighth by a right cross. After the fight, George Foreman declared, "He [<mask>] is, no doubt, the best heavyweight of all time. What he's done clearly puts him on top of the heap." This was the highest-grossing event in pay-per-view

masks: Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis


texts:
 history, generating US $106.9 million from 1.95 million buys in the US, until it was surpassed by De La Hoya-Mayweather in 2007. Both fighters were guaranteed US $17.5 million.<mask> vs. Klitschko

<mask> was forced to vacate the IBF title in 2002 after refusing to face mandatory challenger Chris Byrd. In May 2003, <mask> sued boxing promoter Don King for US $385 million, claiming that King used threats and bribery to have Tyson pull out of a rematch with <mask> and a fight on the card of a <mask> title defence. <mask> scheduled a fight with Kirk Johnson for June, but when Johnson suffered an injury in training, <mask> fought Vitali Klitschko, the WBC's No. 1 contender and former WBO champion. <mask> had planned to fight him in December, but since Klitschko had been on the undercard of the Johnson fight anyway, they agreed to square off on 21 June. <mask> entered the ring at a career high 116 kg (256½ pounds). <mask> was dominated in the early rounds and was wobbled in round two by solid Klitschko punches.<mask> opened a cut above Klitschko's eye with a right cross in the third round and gave a better showing from the fourth round onwards. With both fighters looking tired before the start of round seven, the doctor advised that the fight should be stopped because of a severe cut above Klitschko's left eye, awarding <mask> victory by TKO. Klitschko was leading 58–56 on all three judges' scorecards when the fight was stopped. <mask> was guaranteed US $7 million and Klitschko US $1.4 million. The gate was US $2,523,384 from an attendance of 15,939 at the Staples Center in California. The fight aired live on HBO's World Championship Boxing with approximately 7 million viewers.

masks: Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis


texts:
 Interviewed about the fight by HBO, doctor Paul Wallace explained his decision:
When he raised his head up, his upper eyelid covered his field of vision.At that point I had no other option but to stop the fight. If he had to move his head to see me, there was no way he could defend his way against a punch. Klitschko's face required sixty stitches. Because Klitschko had fought so bravely against <mask>, boxing fans soon began calling for a rematch. The WBC agreed, and kept the Ukrainian as its No. 1 contender. <mask> initially was in favour of a rematch:
I want the rematch, I enjoyed that fight.It was just a fight. We went at it. You have to play dollars and cents but I'm opting more for the rematch. Negotiations for the rematch followed but <mask> changed his mind. Instead, Klitschko fought and defeated Kirk Johnson on 6 December in WBC Eliminator, setting up a mandatory rematch with <mask>. <mask> announced his retirement shortly thereafter in February 2004, to pursue other interests, including sports management and music promotion, and vacated the title. <mask> said he would not return to the ring.At his retirement, <mask>'s record was 41 wins, two losses and one draw, with 32 wins by knockout. Retirement
In 2008 when asked about a potential bout after being antagonised by Riddick Bowe, <mask> quipped

In 2011, Bowe again confronted <mask>, this time over Twitter, demanding he "put [his] gold medal on and let's fight for that!! ", where <mask> remarked "I thought we already did." <mask> worked as a boxing analyst for HBO on Boxing After Dark from 2006 until 2010. Boxing style
<mask> was a classic upright boxer, who beat opponents from the outside with his dominant 84" reach.

masks: Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis


texts:
 His jab, which was often a pawing shot early in his career, became a formidable weapon under the tutelage of Emmanuel Steward, which <mask> used to set up his signature punch, the straight right hand. Under Steward, <mask> became less reliant on his right hand and displayed a more complete skill-set.Criticised at times for being too patient and for his lack of in-fighting skills, <mask> was at his most effective when boxing from range. Known for his physical strength, <mask> was able to manoeuvre opponents into punching range and was especially effective against taller opponents. <mask> eventually developed into one of the most complete heavyweights in history: able to box at range or fight aggressively when necessary, as well as being considered one of the hardest punchers of all time. Legacy and historical standing

<mask> was the seventh Olympic gold medallist to become world heavyweight champion after Floyd Patterson, Muhammad Ali, Joe Frazier, George Foreman, Leon Spinks, and Michael Spinks. He holds the distinction of being the first professional heavyweight champion to win a gold medal in the super-heavyweight category, which was not created until the 1984 Summer Olympics. He is also the only boxer to represent Canada at the Summer Olympics and subsequently win a professional world title. <mask> was the first boxer to hold the British heavyweight title and subsequently win a world title.Although three fighters have since repeated this feat (Herbie Hide, Tyson Fury, and Anthony Joshua), only <mask> also won the Lonsdale belt outright. While struggling to achieve popularity and respect earlier in his professional career, <mask>'s standing has increased since his retirement


texts: in 2003, and he is now considered one of the greatest heavyweights of all time. Struggling to win the affection of the British public and facing indifference from an American audience, <mask>'s body of work eventually established him as the dominant heavyweight of his time. He is the last undisputed heavyweight champion. <mask> became one of only two boxers in history, and the first since Ken Norton in 1978, to have been awarded the heavyweight championship without actually winning a championship bout when the WBC awarded him their title in 1992. This was due to Riddick Bowe relinquishing the title after failing to agree to defend the title against <mask>, who had become the mandatory challenger by defeating Donovan Ruddock a few weeks earlier. In 2001, <mask> became the fourth boxer (after Muhammad Ali, Evander Holyfield and Michael Moorer) to have held the world heavyweight championship on three occasions.<mask> has defeated 15 boxers for the world heavyweight title, the fifth-most in history. His combined three reigns tally 3 086 days (8 years, 5 months and 13 days), which ranks as the fourth-longest cumulative time spent as world heavyweight champion. His total of fourteen successful defences ranks as the fifth-highest in heavyweight history. At four years, two months and fifteen days, <mask> has the twelfth-longest reign in heavyweight championship history. As of August 2021, BoxRec ranks <mask> as the seventh greatest pound-for-pound fighter of all time, and the second greatest European and British fighter of all time. In 2018, Boxing News ranked <mask> as the third-greatest heavyweight of all time, behind Muhammad Ali and Joe Louis. While acknowledging that he could

masks: Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lewis Lennox Lewis


texts: occasionally be vulnerable, the magazine stated that at his best, <mask> was as unbeatable as any heavyweight in history.In 2017, Boxing News also ranked <mask> as the second best British fighter of all time, after Jimmy Wilde. In the same year, The Ring magazine ranked <mask> as both the greatest heavyweight of the last thirty years and the joint-eleventh greatest heavyweight of all time (alongside Evander Holyfield), describing him as "a giant who fought with finesse" who beat every available contender. Thomas Hauser stated that the idea of <mask> having no chin was a myth, citing his rising from the powerful punch from Oliver McCall which floored <mask> for the first knockdown of his career, and suggesting that he was perhaps stopped prematurely. He also contended that the knockout punch from Hasim Rahman in their first fight would have knocked out anyone. In 2003, The Ring ranked <mask> 33rd in their list of greatest punchers of all time. Along with Ingemar Johansson and Rocky Marciano, <mask> is one of three world heavyweight champions to have retired with victories over every opponent he faced as a professional. He is also, along with Gene Tunney, Marciano and Vitali Klitschko, one of four heavyweight champions to have ended his career as world champion, and with a world title fight victory in his final fight.In 1999, he was named Fighter of the Year by the Boxing Writers Association of America, as well as BBC Sports Personality of the Year. In 2008, <mask> was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. In 2009, in his first year of eligibility, <mask> was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame. He was inducted into the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame in 2012.


texts:
 Life outside boxing

In 2000, <mask> appeared on Reflection Eternal's debut album Train of Thought, giving a shout out on the track "Down for the Count." In 2001, <mask> had a role in the film Ocean's Eleven in which he "boxed" against Wladimir Klitschko. In 2002, <mask> was reportedly offered £5m by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) chairman Vince McMahon to take up professional wrestling in his industry.His camp held discussions over a possible match with Brock Lesnar in February 2003, at the No Way Out pay-per-view event. Prior to the offer <mask> was familiar with wrestling; he was part of the famous match held in the old Wembley Stadium between The British Bulldog and Bret "The Hitman" Hart for the Intercontinental Championship at SummerSlam in 1992, representing the Bulldog during his entrance while bearing a Union Flag. In 2002, <mask> played himself on an episode of The Jersey called "It's a Mad Mad Mad Mad Jersey". In 2003, <mask> made a brief cameo appearance in the Jennifer Lopez and LL Cool J video "All I Have". In 2006, he appeared in the movie Johnny Was with Vinnie Jones. <mask> played in the World Series of Poker in both 2006 and 2007, and was knocked out without winning any money. <mask> appeared on NBC's Celebrity Apprentice in 2008.He came in fourth place (out of 14). <mask> made a public service announcement against domestic violence for Do Something. In 2011, he was awarded an honorary Doctorate from Wilfrid Laurier University in Waterloo, Ontario. He also has his own charitable foundation called the <mask> foundation which helps disadvantaged children in Canada, Jamaica, the United Kingdom, and the United States. <mask> is a supporter of his home town

masks:
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lennox Lewis
Lewis


texts:
 football club, West Ham United. On 24 May 2018, <mask> was part of an Oval Office ceremony to announce the pardon of boxer Jack Johnson. Personal life

Upon retiring from boxing, <mask> moved to Miami Beach with his wife, Violet Chang, a former Miss Jamaica runner-up.They have three children. <mask> is an avid amateur chess player, and funded an after-school chess programme for disadvantaged youths, one of whom earned a university chess scholarship at Tennessee

masks: Lewis Lewis Lewis


texts:
<mask> (; born January 22, 1982) is a Polish professional mixed martial artist and boxer who most recently competed in the Middleweight division of KSW. A professional competitor since 2004, <mask> has also competed for the UFC. Mixed martial arts career

Ultimate Fighting Championship
<mask> lost his UFC debut against Thiago Silva at UFC 75 on September 8, 2007. <mask> returned to action after knee surgery at UFC 93 in January 2009 and defeated the debuting Ivan Serati via KO in the first round. <mask> next fight was a first-round TKO over Mike Ciesnolevicz on the TUF 9 Finale on June 20, 2009 (a replacement for injured Eric Schafer). Moving down to Middleweight, <mask> defeated Drew McFedries at UFC 103 in the second round by rear-naked choke submission. <mask> faced Rousimar Palhares on March 27, 2010 at UFC 111, losing after an early slip via heel hook submission which appeared to injure <mask>.Palhares was subsequently suspended for 90 days for continuing to apply pressure to the lock after the referee intervened. <mask> then fought David Branch on September 15, 2010 at UFC Fight Night 22. <mask> was initially set to fight Nick Catone who had to withdraw from the fight due to injury. He lost the fight via unanimous decision. Following two subsequent losses, <mask> was released from his UFC contract. Post-UFC
<mask> returned

masks:
Tomasz Witold Drwal
Drwal
Drwal
Drwal
Drwal
Drwal
Drwal
Drwal
Drwal
Drwal
Drwal
Drwal


texts:
 to his winning ways knocking out Leonardo Lucio Nascimento at FAŁ 2 in his native Poland. His next fights were for new Polish promotion called MMA Attack, in which to this point he had two fights, against Gary Padilla and Wes Swofford, and all of them he won, respectively by unanimous decision and submission via armbar in 1st round.<mask> faced Łukasz Bieńkowski at KSW 53: Reborn. He won the fight via second round TKO. <mask> faced Patrik Kincl on December 19, 2020 at KSW 57: De Fries vs. Kita. He lost the fight after getting knocked unconscious at the end of round 1. Professional boxing
<mask> made his professional boxing debut on November 4, 2017 against Brazilian MMA fighter Luiz Abdalla in a 194 lbs bout. <mask> won via knockout. Championships and accomplishments
Ultimate Fighting Championship
Knockout of the Night (One time) vs. Mike Ciesnolevicz

Mixed martial arts record

|-
|Loss
|align=center| 22–6–1
|Patrik Kincl
|KO (punch)
|KSW 57: De Fries vs. Kita
|
|align=center|1
|align=center| 4:22
|Łódź, Poland
|
|-
|Win
|align=center| 22–5–1
|Łukasz Bieńkowski
|TKO (punches)
|KSW 53: Reborn
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|2:34
|Warsaw, Poland
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center| 21–5–1
|Michał Materla
| TKO (punches)
|KSW 31: Materla vs. <mask>
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|4:56
| Gdańsk, Poland
|For the KSW Middleweight

masks: Tomasz Drwal Drwal Drwal Drwal


texts:
<mask> (born September 8, 1971), known by his stage name <mask>, is an American rapper and record producer. Regarded as the founding father of reggaeton, <mask> has played an influential role in the development of Latin American hip hop and urban music. Biography

Early life and influence
He was born in New York and raised in Puerto Rico. Nicknamed El Filósofo del Rap, ("The Philosopher of Rap"), <mask> adopted the professional name <mask>.  <mask> describes reggaeton as "essentially hip-hop but with a flavor more compatible to the Caribbean." Though he maintains they are of the same essence, <mask> believes the difference lies in the quintessential music style; the beat or rhythm of the music. As one of the founders of hip hop in Spanish, <mask> was able to show that it was possible for one to be able to rap entirely and compellingly in Spanish using just occasional English phrases or slang terms. He can be seen in the rap movement as far back as its "underground" days ghostwriting and producing music for other young performers in the Puerto Rican rap scene.Vico <mask> grew up in the Puerta de Tierra barrio in San Juan. He got enrolled in acting

masks:
Luis Armando Lozada Cruz
Vico C
Vico C
Luis Armando Lozada Cruz
Vico C
Vico C
Vico C
Vico C
C


texts:
 classes by the age of nine and began his professional rapping career in 1985. At first, he used to go to bodegas (grocery stores) or pharmacies, buy home recording tapes, record himself singing his songs and then sell the tapes to friends or family. Vico C was discovered by DJ Negro in 1985 whom immediately saw the great potential of hip hop in Spanish and chose to record <mask>'s earliest demos. Upon the positive reaction from the barrio, DJ Negro brought <mask> to the most successful hip hop promoter in Puerto Rico, Jorge Oquendo (also known as 'El Sexy Boy'). Jorge Oquendo formed the record label 'Prime Records' with Vico C as the lead artist of the label. Prime Records eventually received a distribution deal via Sony BMG Latin.Prime Records is one of the most successful and influential record labels in the history of Spanish rap and reggaeton known for being the home to legendary acts such as DJ Negro, Vico- C, El General, Lisa M, Falo, Brewley <mask> and more. In May 2019 he suffered seizures resulting from an allergic reaction to medication and was hospitalized but recovered. Career
In 1988, Spanish rap in Puerto Rico was not at a popular

masks: Vico Vico MC


texts: high, and Vico-C was the first one to rap in Spanish in Puerto Rico, considered the Godfather of Spanish Hip Hop and the pioneer of this genre, there were others who followed in his footsteps, rapping in the ghettos. Brewley <mask>, Piro JM, <mask>, Bimbo, (Lisa M, Jelly Dee Franceska, came afterward) Ruben DJ was the first rapper to sound on the radio by releasing "La Escuela" after Vico C fame was already known on the whole island for his underground lyrics. Brewley <mask> also recorded "El Sida Rap with Green Records". Vico <mask> entered the charts with his song "La Recta Final" which he personally designed the album cover for, with his artistic talents. Vico C was signed to Prime Records and started touring to venues in New York, Chicago, Miami, Mexico, Venezuela, El Salvador, Panama, the Dominican Republic.Vico C, in 1992 released his singles "Saborealo" and "María" which became gold and platinum albums, respectively. In 1994, he established his own record company VC Records, promoting such singers as Lissy Estrella, Francheska, and Lisa M who were originally his back up dancers. In 1990, <mask> <mask> was involved in a near-fatal

masks:
MC
Jimmy MC
MC
C
Vico
C


texts: motorcycle accident. His injuries led to his abuse of heroin, cocaine, and alcohol. Soon after, he became an evangelical Christian and went into a voluntary semi-retirement. In 1998, he resurfaced, with the "rambunctious", Christian rap CD Aquel Que Había Muerto. The new CD went gold and in 1999, he returned to the touring scene with his concert Antes y después.Soon after, he released a sequel to Aquel Que Había Muerto. With that, he earned the Latino Rap of the year award by Billboard. In 2003, Vico <mask> released an album titled En Honor A La Verdad. While it was not a major hit it still sold well and one of the album's singles "El Bueno, El Malo y El Feo", referring to Eddie Dee, himself and Tego <mask>ón respectively. The single was widely heard. The single was a great combination of the best "Conscience" subgenre of rap artists. Vico C's recent albums include Desahogo, in early 2005.The album was a success and born June 3, 2006, he came back with another concert, El Encuentro. Many consider Vico <mask> to be a pioneer of rap. Music industry figures called him the "father and creator of rap". He has worked alongside artists including Big

masks: C Calder C


texts:
 Boy, Eddie Dee, Héctor & Tito, Tego <mask>. He has also worked with producers Baby Ranks, Tony Touch and Luny Tunes. He has sung alongside salsa singer Gilberto Santa Rosa and cumbia group Kumbia Kings. Vico <mask> tries to maintain a Christian theme throughout his music.His brother Jay Lozada is a salsa musician. In 2020 music by Vico <mask> was part of the annual Banco Popular Christmas songs compilation album. Legacy
Vico C is renowned as the most influential artist in the history of Spanish Hip Hop and Reggaeton throughout Latin America and Spain. <mask> is recognized for having lyrics that were thoughtful, insightful, socially conscious as well as catchy and danceable songs for all kind of audiences. The musical blueprint implemented by DJ Negro and Vico <mask> is the precursor of the genre now known as reggaeton. Many Spanish hip hop/reggaeton journalists and experts consider Vico <mask> as the greatest or one of the greatest artists in the history of the genre. Albums

Studio albums
 Hispanic Soul (1991)
 Xplosión (1993)
 Con poder (1996)
 Aquel Que Había Muerto (1998)
 Emboscada (2002)
 En Honor A La Verdad (2003)
 Desahogo (2005)

masks: Calderón C C Vico C C


texts:
 Babilla (2009)

Accolades

American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers Awards

!|-
!scope="row"|2017
|Vico C
|Vanguard Award
|
|
|}

Billboard Latin Music Awards

Grammy Awards

! |-
!scope="row"|2006
|Desahogo
|Best Latin Rock, Urban or Alternative Album
|
|
|}

Latin Grammy Awards

! |-
!scope="row"|2002
|Vivo
|rowspan=5|Best Urban Music Album
|
|
|-
!scope="row"|2003
|Emboscada
|
|
|-
!scope="row"|2004
|En Honor A La Verdad
|
|
|-
!scope="row"|2005
|Desahogo
|
|
|-
!scope="row" rowspan="2"|2010
|Babilla
|
|rowspan="2"|
|-
|"Sentimiento"
|rowspan="2"|Best Urban Song
|
|-
!scope="row"|2017
|"Papá"
|
|
|}

Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame

! |-
!scope="row"|2016
|rowspan="2"|Vico C
|rowspan="2"|Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame – Performer
|
|
|-
!scope="row"|2018
|
|
|}

Lo Nuestro Awards

! |-
!scope="row"|2003
|Emboscada
|Urban Album of the Year
|
|
|-
!scope="row" rowspan="2"|2006
|Desahogo
|Urban Album of the Year
|
|rowspan="2"|
|-
|"Desahogo"
|Video of the Year
|
|}

See also
 List of Puerto Rican songwriters
 List of Puerto Ricans
 Music of Puerto Rico

References

External links

 Vico C interview
 Vico C Biographic film


texts:
 directed by Eduardo Ortíz

1971 births
Living people
Hip hop singers
Puerto Rican rappers
Capitol Latin artists
Latin music songwriters
Rappers from Brooklyn
Spanish-language singers of the United States
American people of Puerto Rican descent
Puerto Rican reggaeton musicians
21st-century American


texts:
<mask> (1853–1929) was an American illustrator, bookplate-maker, and author—as well as a highly respected painter—renowned for his illustrations of the legends of King Arthur. Biography

<mask> was born in Albany, New York on October 19, 1853. While little is known of his initial art education, <mask> rose through the ranks to become a distinguished member of the Boston Art Club and the Copley Society of Art, and was an acquaintance and colleague of renowned impressionist artist <mask>. He studied at the Académie Julian in Paris under Gustave Boulanger, Jules Lefebvre, John Paul Laurens, and <mask>. After residing in Paris for approximately five years, he returned to America to establish a successful studio in Boston. His first original wood engraving was created in 1879 under the tutelage of Robert Swain Gifford. His first original prints specialized in both architectural views and landscapes, with his later etchings mostly featuring areas around Boston.<mask> provided the chief influence for Childe <mask>'s first study trip to Europe in July 1883. On June 30, 1883, <mask> and <mask>m sailed to Europe aboard the SS Anchoria, then travelled for several months throughout Great Britain, The Netherlands, France, Italy, Switzerland and Spain studying paintings from the old masters and creating watercolors of the European countryside. In late August 1883, both <mask> and <mask>m sailed aboard the SS Alsatia to several Spanish ports before crossing the Atlantic back home. After they both returned to Boston, <mask> resumed his illustration work for various publishers, which was very much in demand, keeping him from spending energy on his watercolors. During this

masks:
Edmund Henry Garrett
Garrett
Garrett
Childe Hassam
Hector Leroux
Garrett
Hassam
Garrett
Hassa
Garrett
Hassa
Garrett


texts:
 time, <mask> worked at a studio located  at 12 West Street in Boston, which he shared with <mask>sam and fellow-artist Charles Henry Turner. In 1884, <mask> exhibited two watercolors at the Pennsylvania Academy ("A Street in Granada" and "El Mirador de la Reina, Alhambra") in 1884. He also exhibited "A Street in Granada" at the "Third Annual Exhibition of the Paint and Clay Club," which was held at the Gallery of the Boston Art Club in March 1884.During the last two decades of the nineteenth century, <mask>'s paintings and etchings were widely exhibited throughout the United States and in France at the Paris Salon. During his lifetime, <mask> was a prolific illustrator of many books and publications, including various books of poetry by Tennyson, Keats, and Schiller; the Legends of King Arthur; Austen's Pride & Prejudice; Marie Louise de la Ramée's (Ouida's) A Dog of Flanders; stories by Alexandre Dumas; various books of Elizabethan and Victorian songs; and other books by Longfellow, Sir Walter Scott, Shelley, Wordsworth, and <mask>, among others. Today, <mask>'s works adorn the walls of the Art Institute of Chicago, Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, and the New York Public Library, the Boston Public Library, and the Massachusetts State House. Other works appear in collections at the Public Library in Winchester, Mass; Calumet Club (Boston, Mass. ), Brookside Library; Conant Memorial Church; and the Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco. <mask> died in Needham, Massachusetts on April 2, 1929. Partial List of Books Illustrated/Compiled by <mask>

 The Village Blacksmith by <mask> Longfellow, 1880
 Song of the Bell by Friedrich Schiller, 1882
 Come into

masks:
Garrett
Has
Garrett
Edmund Garrett
Garrett
Hawthorne
Garrett
Garrett
Edmund Garrett
Henry Wadsworth


texts:
 the Garden, Maud by Alfred Tennyson, 1883
 Life on the Mississippi by Mark Twain, 1883
 Bingen on the Rhine by Caroline E.S.Norton, 1883
 Lady Clare by Alfred Tennyson, 1884
 Eve of St. Agnes by John Keats, 1885
 Favorite Poems and the High Tide on the Coast of Lincolnshire 1571 by Jean Ingelow, 1886
 Pilgrims of the Night collected and Illustrated by <mask><mask>, 1887
 Ballads About Authors by <mask>, 1887
 The Closing Scene by Thomas Buchanan Read, 1887
 Christmas in the Olden Time by Sir Walter Scott, 1887
 Ballads of Romance & History by Susan Coolidge, et al., 1887
 Enoch Arden by Alfred Tennyson, 1888
 Fairy Lilian & Other Poems by Alfred Tennyson, 1888
 From Greenland's Icy Mountains by <mask>, 1889
 Rab and His Friends by John Brown, 1890
 Annie & Willie's Prayer by Sophie P. Snow, 1890
 The Blind Musician by Vladimir Korolenko, 1890
 Jane Eyre: An Autobiography by Charlotte Brontë, 1890
 Elizabethan Songs in Honour of Love And Beautie, Compiled and Illustrated by <mask> <mask>, 1891
 Roses of Romance from the Poems of John Keats, Selected and Illustrated by <mask><mask>, 1891
 Flowers of Fancy by Percy Shelley, 1891
 Ailes d'Alouette by F.W. Bourdillon, 1891
 The Novels of Jame Austen (Volumes 1 through 6) by Jane Austen, 1892
 Bimbi, Stories for Children by Ouida (Maria Louise Ramé), 1892
 Poems by William Wordsworth, edited by Matthew Arnold, 1892
 Echoes from the Sabine Farm by Eugene & Rowell Martin Field, 1893
 Yanko the Musician & Other Stories by <mask> Sienkiewicz, 1893
 Three Heroines of New England Romance by <mask>. Spofford, 1894
 Victorian Songs: Lyrics of the Affections and Nature, Edited and Illustrated by Edmund H. Garrett, 1895

masks:
Edmund H
. Garrett
Harriet Spoord
Bishop Heber
Edmund Henry
Garrett
Edmund H
. Garrett
Henryk
Harriet P


texts:
 Carmen: A Memoir by Prosper Mérimée, 1896
 Camilla: A Novel by Richert Von Koch, 1896
 Romances and Reality of the Puritan Coast by Edmund H. Garrett, 1897
 Two Little Wooden Shoes: A Story by Ouida (Maria Louise Ramé), 1897
 Quo Vadis: A Narrative of the Time of Nero by Henryk Sienkiewicz, 1897
 Hypatia or New Foes with Old Faces by Charle Kingsley and Edmund H. Garrett, 1897
 The She-Wolves Of Machecoul; A Romance Of The Last Vendee; to which is added The Corsican Brothers; in two volumes. The Romances of Alexandre Dumas: volumes forty-four, and forty-five by Alexandre Dumas, 1897
 Twenty Years After; A Romance Of The Regency Of Anne Of Austria, in two volumes. The Romances of Alexandre Dumas: volumes eighteen, and nineteen by Alexandre Dumas, 1897
 The Gray House of the Quarries" by Mary Harriott Norris, 1898
 The Nurnberg Stove by Ouida (Maria Louise Ramé), 1898
 An Account of Anne Bradstreet, The Puritan Poetess & Kindred Topics edited by Colonel Luther Caldwell, 1898
 Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam by Khayyam Omar, 1898
 By the Fireside; A Book of Good Stories for Young People Illustrated by Edmund H. Garrett, 1898
 Backlog Studies by Charles Dudley Warner, 1899
 The Hunter Cats by Helen Jackson, 1899
 The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas, 1899
 Notes of Travel by Nathaniel Hawthorne, 1900
 Legends of King Arthur and His Court by Frances Nimmo Greene, 1901
 The Pilgrim Shore of the Massachusetts Coast by Edmund H. Garrett, 1900
 Celebrated Crimes by Alexandre Dumas, 1902
 The Night Has a Thousand Eyes & Other Poems by F.W. Bourdillon, 1903
 Bookplates Selected from the Works of Edmund H. Garrett, and a Notice of Them by Wililam Howe Downes, 1904


texts:
 Vicomte de Bragelonne (Vol. III) by Alexandre Dumas, 1904
 Stories from Famous Ballads by Grace Greenwood (Sara Jane Lippincott) and edited by Caroline Burnite, 1906
 Snow-Bound: A Writers Idyl by John Greenleaf Whittier, 1906. (Reprinted in 2007)
 Venetian Life by William Dean Howells, 1907
 A Dog of Flanders & Other Stories by Ouida (Maria Louise Ramé), 1910
 Travelers Five Along Life's Highway: Jimmy, Gideon Wiggan, The Clown, Wexley Snathers, Bap.Sloan by Annie Fellows Johnson, 1911
 The Sword of Bussy, or the Word of a Gentleman by Robert Neilson Stephens and <mask>, 1912
 The Island of Beautiful Things: A Romance of the South by Will Allen Dromgoole, 1912
 John O'Partletts: A Tale of Strife and Courage by Jean Edgerton <mask>, 1913
 Moufflou and Other Stories by Ouida (Maria Louise Ramé), 1910
 A Flower of Monterey (A Romance of the Californias) by Katherine B<mask>, 1921

List of His March 1884 Exhibited Watercolors
 A Street in Granada Boats at Venice Study of a Chateau Gateway March in New England Early Spring, Milton Meadows Street in Denia, Spain Rock of DumbartonReferences

2. The Mark Twain Encyclopedia'' edited by J. R. LeMaster, James Darrell Wilson, Christie Graves <mask>ric, Garland Publishing, Inc., New York and London, 1993

External links

Boston Art Club:  Official website

 Article about <mask> on AskArt.com
 Article about <mask> on FineOldArt.com
 Article about <mask> on ArtofthePrint.com
 Bookplates by <mask>. <mask> in the University of Delaware Library's William Augustus Brewer Bookplate Collection

Artists from Boston
American illustrators
American male writers
1853 births
1929 deaths
19th century in Boston
Cultural history

masks:
Herman Nickerson
Hovey
. Hamill
Ham
Edmund Garrett
Edmund Garrett
Edmund Garrett
Edmund H
Garrett


texts:
<mask> (30 April 1899 – February 1945) served in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF) and in France for the United Kingdom's clandestine Special Operations Executive (SOE) during World War II. The purpose of SOE was to conduct espionage, sabotage and reconnaissance in occupied Europe against the Axis powers, especially Nazi Germany. SOE agents allied themselves with French Resistance groups and supplied them with weapons and equipment parachuted in from England. <mask> arrived in France in June 1943 and was a courier, code named "Alice,' for SOE's (Jockey) network (or circuit). She was arrested by the Gestapo in September 1943 and deported to Ravensbrück concentration camp where she was later executed. Early life
Cicely Margot Gordon was born in London on 30 April 1899 to Margaret Humble Close Gordon (<mask> gave a decoy maiden name – "MacKenzie" – when she joined SOE). Although married to Christian Frederic Gordon, her mother claimed Cicely's father was her husband's older cousin Lord Granville Gordon with whom she was in love.Subsequently, Cicely became the center of a notorious paternity suit, which resulted in her mother fleeing and taking her to France rather than relinquishing custody. Growing up in France, <mask> joined the French nursing corps during World War One. While serving as a nurse's aid, she met her future husband, Dr Ernest Marie Alix <mask>, a soldier and patient in her hospital. They married on 17 June 1924 and resided in an apartment in Paris and a villa near the fishing village of St. Cast along the north coast of Brittany, France. A sportswoman, <mask> enjoyed horseback riding and sailing yachts. An acquaintance recalled that <mask> "had a lot of class ...[was] very smart and cultivated ...[with] friends in high society".Espionage service
In 1939, Alix <mask> was called up for service in the French army as a medical officer. After the fall of

masks:
Cecily Margot Gordon Lefort
Lefort
Lefort
Lefort
Lefort
Lefort
Lefort
Lefort


texts: France and at his urging, <mask> escaped to Great Britain via Jersey Island, to avoid arrest as a British National, while her husband remained in France. Later, <mask> spoke with SOE's Naval officer Captain Peter Harratt and arranged for her villa in Brittany, which possessed a secure, hidden bay to be made available to the SOE. The villa became part of the Var escape line run by SOE agent Erwin Deman, which enabled nearly 70 men and women to enter and to exit occupied France without capture. In June 1941, <mask> joined the British Women's Auxiliary Air Force as Aircraft Woman #452845 and served as a policewoman. Her fluency in French brought her to the attention of the SOE, and in January 1943, she volunteered to be a field agent with the F Section (France) of the Special Operations Executive based in London. <mask> was subsequently seconded to the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (FANY).As women serving in the British armed services were barred by statute from armed combat, there was, according to Sarah Helm, "no legal authority for servicewomen to carry out the kind of guerilla work SOE had in mind." Consequently, women agents were also seconded as members of the FANY, which as a civilian organization was not subject to either armed forces rules or statutes. In February 1943, <mask> began her training at Wanborough House as a field agent. Her training reports were mixed. One Instructor, Lieutenant Tongue, wrote: "This student looks vague; mixed quite well; is interested in the course and could be relied on to be loyal but doubt if she has enough initiative to achieve much." At the next level of instruction, L/Cpl Gordon reported: "Very ladylike, very English in spite of French background, has a wide circle of friends amongst quite well known and influential people, politicians, gens du monde, artists of the Salon School, all very respectable. Inclined to blurt out

masks: Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort


texts:
 things in a rather embarrassing way, which she probably would not have said if she thought first."In May, she received appointment to an Honorary Commission of Assistant Section Officer in the WAAF. France
On the night of 16 June 1943, with fellow SOE agents Diana Rowden and Noor Inayat Khan, she was flown to a landing field in the Loire Valley where they were met by Henri Dericourt. The assistant F Section Head, Vera Atkins, worried about <mask>'s poor French accent and Rowden's English looks. The Lysander pilot, Bunny Rymills, also felt <mask>'s French "didn't seem that hot." Her field name was "Alice," her operational codename was "Teacher," and her cover name was "Cecile Marguerite Legrand". Upon arrival in France, <mask> took a seven-mile bicycle ride to the village of Angers and then caught a train to Paris and then took another to Montelimar where she would serve as courier for the "Jockey network" run by Francis Cammaerts. Geographically, Jockey extended down the left bank of the Rhone between Vienne and Aries and eastwards to the Isere Valley along the Mediterranean north to Lyon and across the Swiss and Italian borders.As his courier, Cammaerts noted that <mask> "conducted various missions, [collected] information to be sent secretly to London, [looked] for dropping grounds for supplying arms and explosives, [acted as] courier, etc". With the Allied invasion of Sicily in July 1943, the Jockey network received more supplies and increased its sabotage of railway lines, power stations and other industrial targets. During a large air drop on 13 August 1943, <mask> was responsible for bringing the plane over the zone and carrying the principal light on the ground to help the pilot locate the drop zone. Her leader, Francis Cammaerts, commented that <mask> "was very shy and I think too frail for this hard work she very courageously carried out". Arrest,

masks: Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort


texts:
 imprisonment & death
The increase in sabotage activities drew greater German attention to the Jockey area, and Cammaerts warned the circuit to be very careful and avoid areas such as his former headquarters in Montelimar. Stuck late at night and ignoring the warning, <mask> and the Jockey Circuit sabotage instructor, Pierre Reynaud, on 15 September 1943, went to the home of Raymond Daujat, the local resistance leader in Montelimar. Possibly tipped off, the Gestapo sent some SS men to the house to arrest whoever was there; Reynaud and Daujat escaped while <mask> was arrested hiding in the cellar.Cammaerts, very security conscious, was incensed about <mask>'s mistake that led to her capture. Her arrest forced him to disperse his network, immediately relocating himself and his associates to safer places in anticipation that <mask> might reveal secrets to the Germans under interrogation or torture. He would later say that she "ought never to have been sent to France." <mask> was sent first to a prison in Lyon and then north to the Fresnes prison in Paris where she was brutally interrogated. On 1 February 1944, <mask> was deported to Ravensbruck concentration camp with several hundred other women and while on the trip dropped a note to her husband saying: "Left for Germany, in the convoy of women. Good health, good morale. Warn the Red Cross to send shoes, warm clothes, and food".In the summer of 1944, <mask> sent another message to her husband, giving Ravensbruck as her address, which he duly passed on to the SOE. <mask> arrived at the camp on 3 February, was given the prison number 27.962 and a stitched red political triangle on her prison clothes. While imprisoned, <mask> was discovered to have had either stomach cancer or stomach ulcers, and was successfully operated on by the camp Doctor, Percival Treite. <mask> subsequently "thrived" on a thick porridge and

masks: Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort


texts:
 vegetable soup in Treite's belief this would cure her. Upon her return to the main camp, <mask> – along with other prisoners – was made to do hard labour, and by January 1945, she was suffering from extreme malnutrition, diarrhoea and exhaustion. In early 1945, <mask> volunteered for transfer to the Uckermark Camp, believing rumors that it was for sick prisoners with better medical facilities, no work requirement and no morning roll call. Located approximately one half-mile from the main camp, Uckermark was the former youth detention camp or Jugendlager, and was converted into an extermination center under the supervision of SS-Obersturmführer Johann Schwarzhuber – the recently arrived deputy commandant of Ravensbrück.A fellow inmate, Sylvia Salvesen, recalled <mask> approaching her about the transfer and wanting her approval: "She blurted all this out in a rush, nervous and excited. Her eyes were terror-stricken and she was nervous of my answer." Despite Salvesen's warning, <mask> and two other English prisoners, Mary O'Shaughnessy and Mary Young went to the camp. Another British inmate nurse, Mary Lindell De Moncy, told Atkins that she had sent recall messages to the three Englishwomen to return to the main camp, but while O'Shaughnessy did so, <mask> refused to leave Young, who was in a very bad condition. According to O'Shaughnessy, sometime in February 1945, <mask>'s name was called out from a selection list during a morning roll, and she was taken away and gassed. After the war, Dr. <mask>, Atkins and civil and legal authorities questioned several witnesses in an unsuccessful attempt to establish a precise date for <mask>'s death. Consequently, Lloyd's of London, the official executor of <mask>'s will, accepted the date of 1 May 1945 for "official purposes as the date of her presumed death."Aftermath
Three other female members of the SOE were executed by either

masks: Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort Lefort


texts:
 shooting or hanging at Ravensbrück in February 1945: Denise Bloch, Lilian Rolfe, and Violette Szabo. <mask> was among 12 female British SOE F-Section agents who were executed at concentration camps. The War Office describes their deaths as Killed in Action. Schwarzhuber was convicted by the British at the Hamburg Ravensbrück trials. He was hanged by Albert Pierrepoint in Hameln prison on 3 May 1947. Honours
In September 1945, Major General Colin Gubbins, Head of SOE, recommended that <mask> be made a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (MBE):
"This officer (C.M<mask>) was landed in France by aircraft in June 1943 as courier to an important circuit in the South East.She worked with tireless energy and devotion for three months, often in conditions of grave danger and rendered valuable assistance to her commanding officer. She travelled (sic) extensively throughout South Eastern France carrying messages to the various groups of the organization and showed great coolness and presence of mind in passing many police controls. On 10 September 1943, S/O LEFORT was arrested by the Gestapo. Although severely interrogated and ill-treated she gave no vital information away. She was last heard of in a concentration camp in Germany, and is still missing. For her courage, perseverance and devotion to duty it is recommended that this officer be appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (Military Division)"
'<mask> was Mentioned in Dispatches for her service to the British on 13 June 1946 and honored by the government of France with a posthumous Croix de Guerre on 14 January 1948. She is listed on the Runnymede Memorial in Surrey, England, the Tempsford Memorial close to RAF Tempsford, and on the "Roll of Honor" on the Valençay SOE Memorial in Valençay, France.she is also listed on the FANY memorial at St Paul's Church, Knightsbridge, London and on a

masks:
Lefort
Lefort
. Lefort
Lefort


texts:
 memorial plaque to the four executed SOE agents at Ravensbruck concentration Camp. References
Citations

Bibliography
 Marcus Binney, The Women Who Lived for Danger: The Women Agents of SOE in the Second World War, London, Hodder and Stoughton, 2002. Squadron Leader Beryl E. Escott, Mission Improbable: A salute to the RAF women of SOE in wartime France, London, Patrick Stevens Ltd, 1991. Squadron Leader Beryl E. Escott, The Heroines of the SOE: Britain's Secret Women in France F Section, Gloucestershire UK, The History Press, 2010. Curtis Harnack, Gentlemen on the Prairie: Victorians in Pioneer Iowa. Iowa, University of Iowa Press, 1985. Sarah Helm, If This Is A Woman.Inside Ravensbruck: Hitler's Concentration Camp for Women. New York: Little, Brown, 2015. Sarah Helm, A Life in Secrets: The Story of Vera Atkins and the Lost Agents of SOE, London, Abacus, 2005
 Liane Jones, A Quiet Courage: Women Agents in the French Resistance, London, Transworld Publishers Ltd, 1990. E.M. Sloan, When Songbirds Returned to Paris, Seattle, Booktrope Editions, 2016. Germaine Tillion, Ravensbrück'', Garden City, Anchor Press, 1975. Derek Walker-Smith, "Lord Reading and His Cases-the Study of a Great Career," New York, The Macmillan Company, 1934. Reprint: Seabrook Press, 2007.French Resistance members
Female wartime spies
Female resistance members of World War II
Women's Auxiliary Air Force airwomen
Executed spies
Spies who died in Nazi concentration camps
1900 births
1945 deaths
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)
People who died in Ravensbrück concentration camp
Special Operations Executive personnel killed in World War II
Executed people from London
British people executed in Nazi concentration camps
People killed by gas chamber by Nazi Germany
Female recipients of the Croix de Guerre (France)
British Special Operations Executive personnel
Royal Air Force personnel


texts:
<mask> (22 February 1878 – 6 April 1964) was an English footballer who played for Stoke, Manchester City, Port Vale and the England national team. His primary position was wing-half, but over the course of his career he played in many different positions. He later managed Port Vale on two separate occasions, serving throughout World War I, before a three-year spell from 1932 to 1935. He also served the club for many years as a trainer and a scout. In 1924 he turned out for the Vale at the age of 46 years and 68 days, making him one of the oldest ever players in the English Football League. Club career

<mask> was born in Hanley, and started his career with Cobridge before moving on to one of the two local league clubs; Stoke in May 1898. He "did not put a foot wrong" in his first seasons at the club, before establishing himself as the centre of Stoke's half-back line between James Bradley and George Baddeley following Alf Wood's departure in March 1901.For the next ten seasons <mask> was a near ever-present in the Stoke team, racking up 105 consecutive appearances from March 1903 to March 1906. His good performances won him an England cap in 1903 and he is considered the smallest centre-back ever to play for England at just 5 ft 5. During <mask>'s time at the club he played the game in a fiery style, although he was never sent off. He succeeded George Baddeley as captain in 1905. Holford's manager Horace Austerberry described him as "an excellent passer of the ball and one who played every match as if it was his last". In 1908 Stoke went bust and dropped out of the English Football League and played in the Birmingham League. Holford was too good to be lost to non-league football and so he had to leave his home-town club, who he played nearly 270 games

masks:
Thomas Holford
Stoke Holford
Holford
Holford


texts:
 for.Manchester City
In April 1908 he signed for First Division Manchester City, making his debut on 21 April against Bristol City, a match which finished goalless. In his first full season at the club he made 27 appearances and was the club's second highest goalscorer with 15 goals, which included three hat-tricks. However, Manchester City finished second-bottom in the First Division, and Holford again suffered relegation. In the 1909–10 season Holford won a Second Division championship medal as his club made an immediate return to the top flight. Though he had been an ever-present in 1912–13, Holford lost his place in the first team in the 1913–14 season, making all but three of his 15 appearances in the first ten weeks of the season. He made his last appearance for Manchester City on 13 April 1914 against Newcastle United, giving him a final total of 183 appearances and 38 goals for the club. Port Vale
Upon leaving Manchester he was joined Port Vale back in the Potteries as player-manager.He led the side to North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup victory in 1915, but two years later was conscripted into the army to serve as a gunner in the Royal Garrison Artillery. After playing his part in World War I, as well as guesting for Nottingham Forest and Newcastle United, he returned to Vale in the summer of 1919. Regaining his place, he helped the club to win the Staffordshire Senior Cup and share the North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup in 1920. Due to his age he hardly played after October 1920, but played his part in the club's 1922 North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup achievement. He retired as a player at the end of the 1922–23 season. Over his full career Holford played 474 league games, an exceptionally large number for the period, he had played everywhere except


texts:
 in goal. Upon his retirement he became a trainer for Port Vale, only to make his final appearance on 5 April 1924 at a club record age of 46 years and 68 days.At the time this also made him the second-oldest to play in the Football League, after Billy Meredith, and as of 2008 he is the sixth oldest Football League player of all time. International career
He won his only England cap on 14 February 1903, in a 4–0 win over Ireland at Molineux. Style of play
Holford was nicknamed "<mask>" due to his sometimes reckless tackling. He was also regarded as an excellent passer of the ball. Managerial career
He had two spells as manager of Port Vale, the first as player-manager from 1914 to 1918 when he was player-manager. His second appointment came in June 1932, with the club in the Second Division. He signed wingers Bob Morton and Jimmy McGrath, and led the Vale to a club record 9–1 victory over Chesterfield on 24 September.After top scorer Stewart Littlewood picked up an injury, he signed ex-England international Louis Page as a replacement; and also boosted the club's defence by signing Len Armitage. In January 1933, he sold left-back Jimmy Oakes to Charlton Athletic for £3,000. His team finished four points above relegation in 1932–33, and he released Billy Easton, Louis Page, Stewart Littlewood, <mask>, Jock Leckie, and Ben Davies, whilst Wilf Kirkham retired. He signed players such as Trevor Rhodes, Jack Vickers, Ken Gunn, and Billy Tabram, the result of which was an eighth-place finish in 1933–34 – then a record best for the "Valiants". However "the end of an era" followed, as players such as Bill Cope, Sydney Dickinson, Len Armitage, Billy Tabram, Fred Mills, George Poyser, and Jimmy McGrath departed. In preparation for the 1934–35 campaign, Holford signed

masks:
Dirty Tommy
Tom Tippett


texts:
 goalkeeper John Potts, 'outstanding' outside-right John Friar, inside-left David Galloway, and centre-half Joe Craven. After a good start, results tailed off into a scrap against relegation, and Vale ended up fifth from bottom.Leaving the club in summer 1935 were: James Baker, Bob Morton, Jack Blackwell, Joe Craven, Galloway, Ted Critchley, and Jack Round. He prepared for the 1935–36 season by signing striker George Stabb, centre-half Harry Griffiths, left-winger Arthur Caldwell, left-back Roderick Welsh, and right-half Michael Curley. However he was relieved of his post in September 1935 so that he could concentrate his efforts on scouting. He retired as a scout in 1950, having also been a trainer at the club from July 1939 to July 1946. Personal life
Holford was a cousin of Wilf Kirkham. Career statistics

Club
Source:

International
Source:

Managerial

Honours

As a player
Manchester City
Football League Second Division: 1909–10

Port Vale
North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup: 1920 (shared), 1922 (shared)
Staffordshire Senior Cup: 1920

As a manager
Port Vale
North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup: 1915

References

1878 births
1964 deaths
Sportspeople from Hanley, Staffordshire
Association football wingers
English footballers
England international footballers
Stoke City F.C. players
Manchester City F.C.players
Port Vale F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C. wartime guest players
Newcastle United F.C. wartime guest players
English Football League players
British Army personnel of World War II
British Army personnel of World War I
Royal Garrison Artillery soldiers
Association football player-managers
English football managers
Port Vale F.C. managers
Association football coaches
Association football scouts
Port Vale F.C. non-playing staff
English Football League


texts:
<mask>  (12 March 1831 – 22 March 1923) was an English landscape painter. Life and work

Early years and training

<mask> was born in Worcester as <mask>, the son, and third child of eleven children, of notable civil engineer <mask> (1802–79) and Sarah Whiting (1801–88). His father was described as a "non-conformist dissenter" and his mother was a Quaker – their marriage in an Anglican church resulted in them being disowned by the Society of Friends. <mask>'s father was a keen amateur artist – a friend of John Constable – and <mask> would often accompany him on sketching trips along the banks of the River Severn. His brother, also <mask>, later became a notable civil engineer who was knighted for his work, and is now mainly remembered for designing Manchester Ship Canal – which was to become the theme of <mask>'s largest painting. The family eventually came to reside at "Diglis House" – now a hotel. <mask> was educated at the Royal Grammar School, Worcester, and initially worked at his father's office as a draughtsman while studying art in the evenings at the Worcester School of Design.In his free time he also did a lot of "open air" landscape painting. In 1854, at the age of 23, he was admitted as a student to the Royal Academy Schools in London, and, unusually, in his first year, had a picture accepted for exhibition there, Cottage children blowing bubbles, which was subsequently sold to an American buyer for £50  – a large sum in those days. Subsequently, his work appeared in every summer exhibition at the academy until 1922, when <mask> was 91 years old. He also had some early works exhibited at the National Institution of Fine Arts, Portland Place

masks:
Benjamin Williams Leader
Leader
Benjamin Leader Williams
Edward Leader Williams
Leader
Benjamin
Edward Leader Williams
Leader
Leader
Leader


texts:
 in 1857–58. Career

The inspiration for these early works was the countryside around Worcester itself, "the cottages, farmhouses, lanes, hedgerows and churches, so exceedingly picturesque and beautiful". However, <mask> did not finish his course of studies at the R. A, nor did he need to – his paintings proved to be in great demand by wealthy buyers and he achieved an enviable degree of commercial success within only a few years of his first sale. In 1857 he changed his name to <mask> <mask> to distinguish himself from the many other painters with the surname <mask>.In autumn of that year he travelled to Scotland, and painted A Quiet pool in Glen Falloch – exhibited at the R. A. in 1859. That year was his most successful yet with four paintings hung at the Academy and all sold, one of the buyers being the art dealer Agnew's who bought much of his work during his lifetime. Such was the demand that much of his best work now went to private galleries and was never publicly exhibited. For the next 10 years, <mask> divided his time painting between the Severn Valley, Worcestershire, and Wales, producing many canvases. Amongst them, Autumn's last Gleam was regarded as the best landscape in the Royal Academy's 1865 exhibition. In 1862 he moved home from Worcester to nearby Whittington (where he lived until 1889) which became a favourite sketching ground. In 1863, his work The Churchyard at Bettwys-y-Coed was purchased by the Prime Minister himself, William Gladstone.In August 1876, <mask> married fellow artist Mary Eastlake (born c. 1852) and they went on to have 6 children – the first, <mask> <mask> (1877–1916), also an artist, was killed in action during

masks:
Leader
Benjamin Williams
Leader
Williams
Leader
Leader
Benjamin Eastlake
Leader


texts:
 World War I. In 1881, February Fill Dyke was exhibited at the Royal Academy to great acclaim and <mask> was made an associate (ARA) in 1883, becoming a Royal Academician (RA) in 1898. Later life

In 1889, the family moved to "Burrows Cross", Shere near Guildford, Surrey, a large mansion designed by Norman Shaw RA – <mask> lived here until the end of his life. In that same year he was made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honour, an honour secured on the recommendation of French artist Meissonier. In 1914 he was made an Honorary Freeman of the City of Worcester in recognition of his services (as a director of Royal Worcester Porcerlain and a native of the city). Apart from his native Worcestershire and Wales, <mask> also painted in other parts of Britain including Devon and Surrey and on the continent in Germany, Switzerland, France and Belgium. He died in Surrey in 1923.Work

<mask>'s early works bore the influence of the Pre-Raphaelites with their attention to fine detail and emphasis on painting from nature "en plein air". In his later years he adopted a looser style which was more impressionistic rather than being an exact copy of nature and this proved to be more popular. Critic James Dafforne, writing in 1871 in The Art Journal said of <mask>'s style:

According to The Art Journal of 1901, amongst <mask>'s most popular works during his lifetime were, In Autumn there shall be light, February Fill Dyke and The Valley of the Llugwy. And amongst his best works at the time it considered: Romantic Tintern – dreaming in the moonlight, In the evening it shall be light and The Old Holyhead road through North Wales. <mask>'s paintings are currently exhibited

masks: Leader Leader Leader Leader Leader Leader Leader


texts:
 publicly at the Victoria and Albert Museum and Tate Gallery in London, Huddersfield Art Gallery, Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, and in Worcester (the largest collection of his works in Britain by far), Manchester and other regions in Britain. The Cambridge gallery in Santa Monica, US, also has several of his works, and he is included in the collection of the Chazen Museum of Art in Madison, Wisconsin. Many are also held by private collectors.There is a memorial, designed by Ella Naper to <mask> in St Buryan's Church. In 2003, A Summer's Day (1888) sold at auction for £168,000 at Sotheby's. Gallery

Notes

Further reading

Moon, G. W. Men and women of the time (Routledge, 1891) p. 542. Lusk, Lewis. The life and work of B. W<mask> (London: The Art Journal, 1901). *
Lewis, Frank. <mask> Leader R. A.1831–1923 (Lewis Pubs, 1971). *
Dean, Deborah. <mask> <mask>, A Rural Vision (Exhibition Brochure for the City Museum & Art Gallery, Worcester, 1991). *
Wood, Ruth. <mask> <mask> 1831–1923: His Life and Paintings (Antique Collectors Club, 1998). * These books are available for free download at B W leader.com

External links

Biography of Leader (Rehs gallery)
Biography of Leader (Art Renewal Center Museum)
Leader Biography (Friends of Claines Church, Worcestershire)
Genealogy of Leader
Leader's works online (ArtCyclopedia)
February Fill Dyke (1881 painting)
Burrows Cross, Surrey (1897 painting of the artist's home)

1923 deaths
People from Worcester, England
19th-century English painters
English male painters
20th-century English painters
Landscape artists
People educated at the Royal Grammar School Worcester
Royal Academicians
1831 births
19th-century male

masks:
Leader
. Leader
Benjamin Williams
Benjamin Williams
Leader
Benjamin Williams
Leader


texts:
<mask> (Pontresina, 21 August 1967) is a Swiss bridge builder who works in Southeast Asia and in Latin America, where he is known as <mask> (<mask> the Swiss). <mask> works independently alongside communities in need, using recycled materials and charging no fees. Companies contribute by donating their used material and local governments concede permits and help with transportation in recognition of the fact that the main effort is made by the population. No one asks for anything in return and the bridge belongs to the population who built it. The bridges are for use of pedestrians, pack animals, motorcycles, two-wheel-tractors – but not for cars. In every country where <mask> works, he builds up a small team of national welders and looks for one “bridge-building partner”, to whom he teaches his craft, and who in turn is able to perform maintenance duties on the bridges built. <mask> has no home residence: he carries everything he needs in two bags.One for his personal belongings, the other for his laptop computer and a few tools for his trade. In collaboration with local communities, he has built 760 bridges which serve two million people (as of August 22, 2017). Biography

Beginnings in Ecuador
In 1987, two weeks before finishing high school at the Lyceum Alpinum Zuoz, <mask> sees images on TV of the destruction caused by an earthquake in Ecuador. He decides to depart to South America on the night of his graduation, taking his personal savings and 9000 Swiss Francs donated by neighbours of Pontresina and the Engadine Valley. Once in the disaster area, in northeastern Ecuador, <mask> meets a Dutch hydraulics engineer. With his technical help and assistance from the people of the Flor

masks:
Toni Rüttimann
Toni el Suizo
Toni
Toni Rüttimann
Toni
Toni
Toni
Toni


texts:
 del Valle village, cut off from the outside by a tributary of the Aguarico river, he builds a 52-meter long suspension bridge. After six months in Ecuador, <mask> returns to Switzerland and begins his studies of civil engineering at the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich.However, seven weeks later he decides to leave university and return to Ecuador to help immediately. In the Amazon region of Ecuador he puts together a system for building bridges with the communities, requiring almost no money: the villagers bring stone and sand, the hard wood and their labour. <mask> asks for donations of used wire rope from the oil drilling rigs in the region and for scrap pipe from the national oil company Petroecuador. From 1988 to 1990 he builds six bridges. One of them, across the Aguarico river with a span of 264 meters, remains the longest of his bridges. <mask> Suizo, as the Ecuadorian peasants named him, invented the “puentes de chatarra” (bridges made of scrap). In the oil town Lago Agrio of Ecuador, <mask> finds a partner in Walter Yánez, a welder and mechanic.Over the next seven years the two friends build another 82 bridges throughout Ecuador – always with the help of the local population – as well as 10 bridges in Colombia, in the wake of the 1994 Páez River earthquake at the Nevado del Huila volcano. From Ecuador to Central America

By November 1998 <mask> and Walter had built 99 bridges. That same month, with air-transport by the Ecuadorian Air Force, the two friends rush to help in Honduras, devastated by Hurricane Mitch, where they build another 33 bridges. Other bridges follow in Costa Rica and Nicaragua, and also an international bridge between Honduras and El Salvador. In

masks:
Toni
Toni
Toni el
Toni
Toni


texts:
 2000 <mask> receives pipes for 29 bridges in the state of Veracruz, Mexico from the steel pipe manufacturer Tamsa (Tubos de Acero de México SA, today TenarisTamsa). Passage to Cambodia
During his visits to Switzerland <mask> gives presentations in schools and universities. On one such occasion, in 2000, he meets a Cambodian refugee who asks him for help in the name of his people.In April 2001 he starts working with two teams, with Walter Yánez in Mexico and with his two new Cambodian partners, Yin Sopul, mechanic, and Pen Sopoan, truck driver, both survivors of the genocide perpetrated by the Khmer Rouge. Paralyzed by Guillain–Barré syndrome

In April 2002 <mask> falls ill with Guillain–Barré syndrome which destroys the myelin of the peripheral nerve system, paralyzing the muscles. Confined to a hospital bed and then admitted to the National Medical Rehabilitation Centre of the Princess Sirindhorn in Thailand, regardless, <mask> never stops working. In the beginning with a pencil between his lips and the use of his two thumbs, he creates a computer program for transforming the measurements sent by his colleagues from Mexico and Cambodia into clear and complete instructions, so that they can continue building bridges via remote control. This way, Walter completes 29 bridges in Mexico and then returns to Ecuador, where from 2003 on he continues to build bridges in his homeland only

Bridges in Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Indonesia

After two years of rehabilitation <mask> manages to walk again, and goes to Vietnam. In the province of Ben Tre, with the help of Mai Son, retired Deputy Chairman of the Province and former Vietcong combatant, he creates a third team. From 2004 to 2008 he builds 58

masks: Toni Toni Toni Toni Toni


texts:
 bridges in the Vietnam Mekong Delta provinces of Ben Tre, Bac Lieu, Tra Vinh and Dong Thap.<mask> continues into neighbouring Laos, where he had previously built three bridges with his Cambodian team in 2006. With Laotian truck driver Lanh and three welders he builds 42 bridges between 2008 and 2010. Mid-2008 he goes to Myanmar, which at the time was still under embargo by the United States of America and the European Union. In Yangon he presents a letter and pictures of bridges built to a member of the government, and just four days later receives authorization from the capital, Nay Pyi Taw, allowing him to build bridges also in Myanmar. From that moment on, together with his Myanmar companion Aiklian, former artisanal gemstone digger, he builds bridges throughout the entire national territory, while five welders prepare the bridge components in a government shipyard in Yangon. In late 2010 <mask> Suizo begins work in Indonesia. Tenaris donates the pipes from its Indonesian subsidiary, while the national government concedes the permits and offers a welding workshop outside of Jakarta.The Indonesian Navy and Army contribute most maritime transportation across this far-flung republic. Land transportation, however, is normally paid for by the community where the bridge is built. The Indonesian team consists of Suntana, former construction factory operator in Dubai, and four welders. From 2011 to March 2014, the team built 30 bridges on Java and 6 on Sulawesi. March 31 2018, <mask> gets married in Myanmar. Supply chain

Since 2005 Tenaris, the world’s largest producer of seamless steel pipe, has donated the pipes for the bridges <mask> builds across the world – scrap and surplus pipes,

masks:
Toni
Toni el
Toni Rüttimann
Toni


texts:
 sometimes even new – from their mills in Italy, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia and Indonesia, including the long distance ocean freight to final destination. For an improved bridge deck made of steel, starting in 2004, checkered steel plates were contributed: in Vietnam and in Ecuador by the provincial governments, in Laos and Myanmar by the Argentinean mill of  Ternium, one of Latin America’s principal steel producers.Also in 2005, <mask> begins using wire rope from the mountain cable cars of his home country. In Switzerland, the cable cars are required to change these cables frequently, due to the tight safety regulations imposed by the government. This way <mask> receives cables of several kilometres in length, large diameter and good quality. Not all bridges built by <mask> are still in service. In several places, especially in Ecuador and Cambodia, they have been replaced by vehicular bridges built by the government. In other places they have been rendered ugly due to the lack of maintenance, or even destroyed by natural disasters, as occurred in 2008 in the Páez River valley in Colombia. <mask> always works with local colleagues, so that interested communities can ask for their help for replacement of wire rope or other important repairs.At present there have been no accidents of any significance during the construction of these bridges. This is mainly attributable to the fact that local people are used to heavy labour and that strict safety rules and procedures have been followed during prefabrication and construction. Three special bridges

<mask> Suizo has no favourite bridge, but in an interview with the Swiss magazine 'Schweizer Familie' he remembers three of them: one

masks:
Toni
Toni
Toni
Toni
Toni el


texts:
 is the longest bridge he has built, with a span of 264 meters over the Aguarico river in Ecuador. Then there is the international bridge between Honduras and El Salvador, that connects the communities of  Mapulaca and Victoria, built by villagers who, in previous years, had fought against each other. Finally, a bridge built twice in Myanmar after being destroyed by KIA rebels (Kachin Independence Army) during guerrilla action. A monk, assisted by the most courageous men of the village, managed to rescue the bridge from the waters. Quotes

"Some people need an entire earthquake to wake them up.I am one of these." “My life is devoted to building bridges between the people on the planet. My dream is not so much to build bridges as such, but rather to help heal wounds, ease suffering, draw people together from all walks of life to create something that is beautiful, something that is good.”

“The strength of these bridges comes from the hearts of the people who built them with their own bare hands as well as from the invisible network of people from all over the world who have given the tangible support needed to make this endeavour possible. This strength comes from the people involved. It is the strength of hope that comes when you decide to take your future into your own hands, to change life and shape the world around you.”

Statistics

Awards
 1997 23rd recipient of Adele Duttweiler Award
 1999 recipient of Dr. J.E. Brandenberger Award
 2000 Special Award of International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE) to recognize his original contributions to bridgebuilding in favour of the poor. From 2001 onwards, <mask> declines nominations for awards and prizes."I see


texts:
 myself on the level of the people I work with. [...] I prefer not to receive any awards and not to attend any gala dinners.”

References

External links
 Slideshow with pictures of the international bridge between Honduras and El Salvador, Dan Van der Zwalm

1967 births
Living people
People from Maloja District
Swiss engineers
Bridge engineers
20th-century Swiss engineers
21st-century Swiss engineers
People with Guillain–Barré


texts:
Air Commodore <mask> (Rtd) CON (born 13 March 1944) is a Nigerian statesman who was the Governor of Plateau State from 2007 to 2015. He had previously served as Military Governor of Benue State and Gongola State
He ran successfully for re-election on 26 April 2011. In 2015, <mask> ran and won Plateau North senate seat as his term as Governor of Plateau State drew to a close. In 2018 <mask> declared his senate seat vacant and said it was time for the people of Plateau North to decide who would represent them at the red chamber. <mask> was at the time making a nocturnal political consultations to run for the presidential ticket of the main opposition, PDP for the 2019 presidential election. He was a founding member of the Peoples' Democratic Party in the days that preceded the second military to civilian transfer of power in 1999 ushering the Nigerian Fourth Republic. In the new millennium democratic dispensation for which <mask> had so much fought to wrest power from the military, he made an unsuccessful run for the governorship of Plateau State in an election which was marred by alleged forms of irregularities and malpractices on the platform of the All Nigerian Peoples' Party.Initially, he had sought the PDP governorship nomination prior in 1999 but lost after which he decamped to the opposition ANPP to make yet another run for governorship again. <mask> is a native Berom and is a proponent of massive infrastructural development. During his tenure as Governor of Plateau State, some of his achievements included: road construction through the length and breadth of the state, rehabilitation of public water supply, agricultural partnership program between the state and Israeli experts (ASTC) and in environmental sanitation to mention a few. As Governor, <mask> embarked on a thorough purge of the Plateau State Civil Service ridding it of unwanted corrupt elements mostly in the form of ghost workers. He is regarded by many as having recorded achievements comparable only to those of the very first Governor of the state, Police Commissioner Joseph Gomwalk. He has a lot of experience in military and security matters which owes to his prudent management of

masks:
Jonah David Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jang


texts:
 the Tiv/Jukun crisis during his tenure as Military Governor of the old Gongola State. In a trial widely dismissed as a political witch hunt, <mask> was in 2018 arraigned in the Plateau State High Court of justice, Jos by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) over allegations of fraud to the tune of 6.3 billion naira of Plateau State funds when he was Governor of the state.While the citizenry having enjoyed a period of relative plenty and stability from May 2007 to May 2015 when <mask> handed over the reins of power, contended the credibility of the trial, on 16 May 2018 he was remanded in Jos prison after his application for bail was declined by the court. On 28 August 2018 <mask> formally declared his interest to run for president of the Federal Republic of Nigeria at the Plateau State PDP secretariat. Background

<mask> <mask> was born on 13 March 1944 in Du, Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State. In 1965 he enlisted as an Air Force Officer Cadet at the Military Training School in Kaduna. He was given flight training at Uetersen in West Germany (1965–1966) and further training at the Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna. He was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant in 1969 and promoted to lieutenant in 1970. He attended a course on Supply Operations Training (Logistics) in Denver, Colorado, United States and was promoted to the rank of captain in 1972, major in 1975 and wing commander in 1978, serving in most of the Nigerian air formations during this period.During the military regime of General Ibrahim Babangida he served as Military Governor of Benue State from August 1985 to August 1986, then as Military Governor of Gongola State from August 1986 to December 1987. He voluntarily retired from the Nigeria Air Force in 1990. <mask> took a Bachelor of Divinity Degree at the Theological College of Northern Nigeria (2000–2002). In 2007, he successfully contested the governorship election in Plateau State on the platform of the People's Democratic Party (PDP). He ran successfully for reelection on 26 April 2011. Legacy

In the waning days of his second tenure as chief executive of Plateau State, <mask> sought for a successor to carry on

masks:
Jang
Jang
Jang
Jonah David
Jang
Jonah Jang
Jonah Jang


texts:
 with his legacy of infrastructural development and governmental reforms and his eyes fell on the astute Gyang Pwajok who was at the time completing the term of the late Senator Gyang Dantong in the Senate. Gyang Pwajok was young, intellectual and virile and was thought to be the most suitable for the job.He was a bridge between the old and young generations and was very representative of a proper transition from the gerontocracy to a new epoch in the political history of the state. However, certain villain and unpatriotic forces then spearheaded by <mask>'s predecessor and long time rival Joshua Dariye began to propagandise the population against a Berom back to back leadership of the state. They campaigned on the pretextual premise that having had two governors that both served 8 year tenures from the central senatorial district and the northern senatorial district respectively, since the advent of the Nigerian Fourth Republic it was only proper that a zoning of the gubernatorial office be instituted in the state thus the seat be zoned this time to the southern senatorial district of the state. And so they rallied all the minority tribes of the state and conspired an overthrow with little consideration for the personality and score card of the aspiring successor in the opposition. The Beroms (from which Gyang Pwajok came) and other well-meaning citizens aligned with good governance went to the polls and helped Pwajok poll enough numbers to clinch the vote. However, other forces at large were at play and managed to tip the scales in favour of Simon Lalong of the All Progressives Congress (APC) and he was announced the winner of the election. Simon Lalong was a long time protégé of Joshua Dariye and served as speaker of the Plateau State House of Assembly when Dariye was governor of the state.See also
List of Governors of Plateau State

References

1944 births
Living people
Nigerian Air Force officers
Governors of Benue State
Governors of Plateau State
Governors of Gongola State
Nigerian Defence Academy alumni
Members of the Senate (Nigeria)
Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria) politicians
People from Plateau State
Nigerian politicians convicted of


texts:
W<mask> is an American physician with a medical board certification in obstetrics and gynecology. In the fall of 2002, <mask>, a leading conservative Christian voice on women's health and sexuality, was appointed to the Advisory Committee for Reproductive Health Drugs in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) by U.S. President George W. Bush. Family life
In 1970, <mask> married Linda Carruth Davis, the daughter of a Methodist evangelist. Together they had three sons. <mask> and <mask>'s marriage ended by divorce in 2002. In November 2002 Linda, herself a religious and political conservative, was remarried to James Davis, a United Methodist minister. In 2003 <mask> married Lexington physician Kathleen Martin; in 2007, Martin filed for divorce from <mask>.Education and certification
<mask> in 1964 was graduated from Jessamine County High School in Nicholasville, Kentucky. <mask> received his undergraduate degree from Asbury College where his father, <mask>, was the college president. Hager graduated from medical school at University of Kentucky in 1972, and completed an ob/gyn residency at University of Kentucky in 1976. <mask> has been board certified in obstetrics and gynecology since 1978. <mask> is a practicing gynecologist in Lexington, Kentucky. After completing his OB/GYN residency, <mask> was a clinical research investigator for

masks:
. David Hager
Hager
Hager
David
Linda Hager
Hager
Hager
Hager
Hager
Cornelius Hager
Hager
Career Hager
Hager


texts:
 sexually transmitted diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta from 1976 to 1978. He had a faculty position at Emory University from 1976 to 1978, and has been a part-time "professor" at the University of Kentucky since 1978.("Though his resume describes <mask> as a University of Kentucky professor, a university official says <mask>'s appointment is part time and voluntary and involves working with interns at Lexington's Central Baptist Hospital, not the university itself." Time citation below)  His research interests include mastitis, post-operative infections, Group B Strep infections, and vaginitis. <mask> was president of Infectious Disease Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology from 1996 to 1998. He was also named as one of the "Best Doctors in America" in both 1994 and 1996. Other present and past affiliations include, the Focus on the Family's Physician Resource Council and the Christian Medical and Dental Society's Physician Resource Council. <mask> was previously a  member of Asbury College's board of trustees. Additionally, President George W. Bush appointed <mask> to serve on the Honorary Delegation to accompany him to Jerusalem for the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the State of Israel in May 2008.Controversy over FDA advisory committee appointment
<mask>'s appointment became more divisive

masks: Hager Hager Hager Hager Hager Hager


texts:
 when on May 6, 2004, the FDA rejected the December 16, 2003 Advisory Committee 23 to 4 vote to drop the prescription-only status of emergency contraception, and refused to approve the sale of Plan B over the counter. First, The Nation, and then The Washington Post and Lexington Herald-Leader reported that <mask> spoke at Asbury College in Wilmore, Kentucky, about his role in persuading the FDA to keep Plan B a prescription-only drug. Hager said, "I was asked to write a minority opinion that was sent to the commissioner of the FDA. For only the second time in five decades, the FDA did not abide by its advisory committee opinion, and the measure was rejected." Further concerns with his candidacy arose with his beliefs and medical assertions penned in the book "Stress and The Woman's Body", co-written with his ex-wife Linda Carruth-Davis. In the book, his writings emphasized the "restorative power of Jesus Christ in one's life" and recommended specific Scripture readings and prayers for such ailments as headaches and premenstrual syndrome. Publications

Journal articles
 Hager WD.Treatment of metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis with tinidazole: case reports of three patients. Sex Transm Dis. 2004 Jun;31(6):343-5
 Stanford JB, Hager WD, Crockett SA.The FDA, politics, and plan B. N Engl J Med. 2004 Jun 3;350(23):2413-4; author reply


texts:
 2413-4. Larsen JW, <mask> WD, Livengood CH, Hoyme U. Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of postoperative infections. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol.2003;11(1):65-70. Fitch JT, Stine C, Hager WD, Mann J, Adam MB, McIlhaney J. Condom effectiveness: factors that influence risk reduction. Sex Transm Dis. 2002 Dec;29(12):811-7. <mask>, W., Schuchat, Anne, Gibbs, Ronald, Sweet, Richard, Mead, Philip, Larsen, John W. PREVENTION OF PERINATAL GROUP B STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION: CURRENT CONTROVERSIES Obstet Gynecol 2000 96: 141-145
 McGregor JA, <mask> WD, Gibbs RS, Schmidt L, Schulkin J. Assessment of office-based care of sexually transmitted diseases and vaginitis and antibiotic decision-making by obstetrician-gynecologists.Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 1998;6(6):247-51. <mask> WD, Barton JR. The treatment of sporadic acute puerperal mastitis. IDOG 1996;4:97-101. McGregor J, <mask> WD, Eschenbach DS, Mead P, Sweet RL, Gibbs RS. Modes of practice in OB-GYN infections.Obstet Gynecol 83:631-36, 1994. Barton JR, Thorpe EM, Shaver DC, <mask> WD, et al. Nonimmune hydrops fetalis associated with maternal infection with syphilis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 167:56, 1992. <mask> WD, Rapp RP, Billeter M, Bradley BB. The choice of an antibiotic for women undergoing non-elective cesarean section. J Anti Agents and Chemo 35:1782,1991.<mask> WD, Bird M,

masks:
Hager
David Hager
Hager
Hager
Hager
Hager
Hager
Hager


texts:
 Callahan JC, Frank AL, <mask>L, Engelberg J. Promiscuity and public health: some clinical and ethical issues. Hosp Pract. 1990 Sep 15;25(9):63, 66, 69-70+
 Hager WD, Sweet RL, Charles D, Larsen B. Comparative study of mezlocillin versus cefotaxime single dose prophylaxis in patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy. Current Therapeutic Research, 45:63-9, 1989. Books
 Hager WD, Hager LC. STRESS AND THE WOMAN'S BODY.Fleming H. Revell, a division of Baker Book House, Grand Rapids, MI, 1996. Mead P, Hager WD. INFECTION PROTOCOLS FOR OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY. Medical Economics Company, Montvale, New Jersey, 1992, Revised 1998. <mask> WD, Joy, D Women at Risk: The Real Truth about Sexually Transmitted Disease. Footnotes

Sources
Lexington Herald-Leader (KY) GYNECOLOGIST EXPECTS TO BE OFF PANEL May 13, 2005  Frank Lockwood
Lexington Herald-Leader (KY) A PHYSICIAN AND A LIGHTNING ROD JUNE 12, 2005 Sarah Vos

External links
Time Online - Jesus and the FDA
Memo May Have Swayed Plan B Ruling Washington Post FDA Received 'Minority Report' From Conservative Doctor on Panel May 12, 2005  Marc Kaufman

American obstetricians
American medical researchers
Asbury University alumni
University of Kentucky alumni
People from Lexington, Kentucky
People from St. Louis County, Missouri
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Food and Drug

masks:
David M
Hager


texts:
, more commonly known simply as <mask> (styled in capitals) and nicknamed  or Cat's Eye, is a retired Japanese female mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter. She fought for Invicta FC, Strikeforce and Jewels, and was the final Smackgirl Open Weight Champion. Yamanaka announced her retirement on . Early life
Yamanaka was born on  in Kisarazu, Chiba, Japan. Through a personal friend's suggestion, Yamanaka initially took on mixed martial arts for health and fitness purposes only. After time, she found the sport of MMA agreed with her physicality and became more involved, fighting her first official match in May 2006. Mixed martial arts career
Her first MMA fight was a draw against Mariko Fujimoto in a match with Smackgirl amateur rules on  at S-Keep: Eggs Fight 4.Her next fight was in the Super Gals Mix Cup Open Weight Tournament 1st Round against Rie Murakami, whom Yamanaka defeated by unanimous decision on  at Smackgirl: Legend of Extreme Women. This was her professional debut. Yamanaka would go on to win the Super Gals Mix Cup Open Weight Tournament by defeating Yuiga by unanimous decision on  and Michiko Takeda by split decision on . On  at Smackgirl: Queens' Hottest Summer, Yamanaka defeated champion Yoko Takahashi by unanimous decision and won the Smackgirl Open Weight Championship, becoming the fourth and final title holder. Yamanaka was defeated for the first time in a non-title bout as part of the Open Weight World ReMix tournament by Hitomi Akano, who submitted Yamanaka with an armbar on  at Smackgirl: World ReMix 2008 Second Round. This was Yamanaka's last fight in Smackgirl since the promotion folded in the following months. Yamanaka made her debut in the Jewels promotion on , defeating Mayumi Aoki by unanimous decision at Jewels 1st Ring.At Jewels 2nd Ring on , Yamanaka once again faced Michiko Takeda and defeated her for the second time; this


texts: time by TKO at 3:25 of the second round. On , Yamanaka defeated Josh Barnett's student Shannon Hooper by unanimous decision during the event Jewels 3rd Ring. Yamanaka would avenge her only loss at Jewels 7th Ring when she defeated Hitomi Akano by split decision on . Unlike their first open-weight match, this match was contracted at  and, for the first time in her career, Yamanaka had to cut weight; cutting more than 20 lbs. On , Yamanaka defeated Atsuko Emoto by unanimous decision at Jewels 8th Ring. Emoto announced her retirement after the fight. Debuting with the Shoot boxing promotion, Yamanaka won by forearm choke submission against Australian Muay Thai kickboxing champion Sandy Furner on  in an MMA bout at Shoot Boxing: Girls S-Cup 2010.<mask> was originally set to face Olympic freestyle wrestling Bronze medal winner Randi Miller, but Miller was forced to withdraw due to injury. On , <mask> was announced as facing Miller at Jewels 11th Ring on December 17. However, the fight was later cancelled. <mask> faced Molly Helsel instead and defeated Helsel by TKO in the second round. Yamanaka faced Bolormaa "Esui" Erdenebileg at Jewels 15th Ring on . She defeated Esui by armbar submission in the second round. On September 23, 2011, Strikeforce announced that <mask> would debut for the promotion against featherweight champion Cris Cyborg.The fight took place at Strikeforce: Melendez vs. Masvidal on . Yamanaka lost the bout via TKO 16 seconds into the first round. On January 6, 2012, the bout's result was changed to a no decision due to Cyborg having tested positive for anabolic steroids. <mask> faced Germaine de Randamie at Strikeforce: Rousey vs. Kaufman on  in San Diego, California. She was defeated by unanimous decision. <mask> made her Invicta Fighting Championships debut against Ediane Gomes at Invicta FC 4: Esparza vs. Hyatt on . She was defeated

masks: Yamanaka Yamanaka Yamanaka Yamanaka Yamanaka Yamanaka


texts:
 by unanimous decision.On August 6, 2013, Yamanaka announced her retirement on her official blog, thanking her fans for their support and saying she would like to continue to support her team, Master Japan, in the future. Submission grappling
Yamanaka made her debut in submission wrestling in the 2006 Smackgirl Grappling Queen Tournament, being defeated by American fighter Roxanne Modafferi by decision. She fought two more times on  at Gi grappling 2008, first winning against Akiko Naito and then losing against Sayaka Shioda. Shoot boxing career
Yamanaka debuted in Shoot boxing on  at the 2009 Shoot Boxing Girls S-Cup. She faced Mayumi "Super Benkei" Aoki, whom Yamanaka had previously defeated in MMA, and won the fight by TKO in round one. On , Yamanaka faced Megumi Yabushita in a shoot boxing match at the 2011 Shoot Boxing Girls S-Cup. She won the fight by TKO (doctor stoppage) after Yabushita suffered a knee injury in round three.|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 1-0
| Rie Murakami
| Decision (unanimous)
| Smackgirl: Legend of Extreme Women
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|

Submission grappling

Legend:

Shoot boxing record

Legend:

Championships and accomplishments
 Smackgirl Open Weight Champion
 Super Gals Mix Cup Open Weight Tournament winner

See also
List of female mixed martial artists

References

External links
 Hiroko Yamanaka Awakening Profile

Profile at Fightergirls.com
Jewels profile
Official blog
Official blog (old) (Internet Archive)
 Official Strikeforce Fighter Profile

1978 births
Living people
People from Kisarazu
Japanese female mixed martial artists
Featherweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai
Japanese female kickboxers
Japanese Muay Thai practitioners
Female Muay Thai practitioners
Sportspeople from Chiba


texts:
<mask>  (born 3 February 1936) is a former cricketer who played for New South Wales, Western Australia and Australia, captaining the national team from 1963/64 until 1967/68, and again in 1977–78. He later had a highly successful term as the coach of the Australian team. He is also known as <mask> or Simmo. <mask> played as a right-handed batsman and semi-regular leg spin bowler. After ten years in retirement, he returned to the spotlight at age 41 to captain Australia during the era of World Series Cricket. In 1986 he was appointed coach of the Australian team, a position he held until being replaced by Geoff Marsh in July 1996. Under <mask>'s tutelage, the team went from a struggling team, losing a succession of Test series, to the strongest team in world cricket.Some of the team's greatest achievements in his time as coach were winning the 1987 World Cup, regaining The Ashes in England in 1989, and overcoming the previously dominant West Indies on their home grounds in 1995. He also coached county cricket in England, with Leicestershire and Lancashire. Early years

Born to Scottish immigrants from Falkirk, <mask> grew up in the inner-southwestern Sydney suburb of Marrickville. His father Jock was a printer and played soccer for Stenhousemuir in the Scottish League, his grandfather Harry played briefly for Stoke, and the 1910s England international player Jock <mask> was also a relative. <mask> was encouraged as a schoolboy by his two elder brothers Bill and Jack, who played in first division Sydney Grade Cricket for many years. He began his own career as a fast bowler and batsman who played in any position. He showed early

masks:
Robert Baddeley Simpson
Bobby
Simpson
Simpson
Simpson
Simpson
Simpson


texts: leadership skills, captaining Marrickville West Primary School and later Tempe Intermediate High School.He captained 14-year-olds at the age of 12. In his early years, <mask> was also a talented golfer, baseballer and soccer player, and was known for being a confident and tenacious competitor. He raised money to buy his first set of golf clubs by collecting lost balls from Marrickville Golf Course and selling them second hand. Even at a young age, <mask> was known as an unrelenting competitor. He appealed loudly against brother Jack for leg before wicket (lbw) in a club match in spite of a loud edge; the umpire did not hear the favour and upheld the appeal. In a match in 1956, <mask> appealed for lbw against John Shaw after he had been hit in the head by a low bouncer from Pat Crawford, whereas his teammates were busy coming to the aid of the injured batsman. <mask> said "I was a naturally ambitious person anyway and never had any doubts I could go further.It sounds cocky but I always believed in my own talents." At 12, he was selected for New South Wales in the Under-14 Competition. He switched to leg spin at the age of thirteen, and a week after turning 15 he was playing for Petersham's First XI in Sydney Grade Cricket after hitting string of centuries in the under-16 competition. <mask> had his first taste of first-class cricket as a slips fieldsman, having previously fielded on the boundary. Coming on as 12th man, Keith Miller casually pointed him to the slips, which in that era was against convention, as substitutes were expected to not field in close catching positions. He took two diving catches to establish his position in

masks: Simpson Simpson Simpson Simpson Simpson


texts:
 the cordon. First-class debut

He was still 11 days shy of his seventeenth birthday when he was selected to make his Sheffield Shield debut as a middle order batsman for New South Wales against Victoria in the 1952–53 season.He had played only 12 first grade matches prior to this. When he arrived to meet his teammates, Australian vice-captain Arthur Morris asked him where his nappies were. At the age of 16 years and 354 days, this made him the second youngest cricketer to be capped for New South Wales, just three months older than teammate Ian Craig when he made his debut. He scored 44 and 8, without being dismissed in either innings. According to Haigh, "Great protectiveness was felt towards such a boy among men." From the last ball of a drawn match, <mask> attempted to run two, but his misjudgment saw him caught short by half the pitch. Nevertheless, umpire Hugh McKinnon turned down the appeal, and after Victorian captain Sam Loxton reacted angrily, the arbiter said "it's the last ball of the game and his first match".<mask> took his maiden wicket during the match, catching Test player Ian Johnson from his own bowling. <mask> then scored 69 in the next match against South Australia, his only other innings and match for the season. The 1953–54 season was a purely domestic one, with no international team touring. New South Wales were the strongest state at the time with many Test players and won the first of nine consecutive Sheffield Shield titles, and <mask> found it difficult to break into the team at full strength. He played two matches at the start of the season, and two more at the end of the summer; New South Wales won all

masks: Simpson Simpson Simpson Simpson


texts: of these fixtures except the first, which was drawn. <mask> had few opportunities with the bat because of the strong batting line-up; he was only required to bat six times and his two highest innings of 58 and 42 were ended when New South Wales reached their target, leaving him unbeaten. He ended with 147 runs at 36.75, and had more success with the ball, taking 14 wickets at 27.85.<mask>'s bowling was prominent in the last two matches; he took 5/37 in the second innings against Western Australia, bowling four of his victims, and then took 4/38 and 2/83 against South Australia as New South Wales won both matches. The following season in 1954–55, <mask> had more chances in the New South Wales middle order as the Test players were often playing for Australia against the touring English cricket team. However, he failed to make the use of this, scoring only 123 runs in the first seven innings and was in and out of the team. He then struck form against Victoria, scoring 104 of New South Wales' 234. This was pivotal in a low-scoring match as Victoria made only 86 and 158 and helped New South Wales to a nine-wicket win. <mask>'s final match of the season was against the Englishmen. He made six in the first innings as both teams made 172.In the second innings, <mask> reached 98, when light drizzle began to fall and English captain Len Hutton decided to engage in mind games by ordering his men to leave the ground even though the umpires had not adjourned the match. When the visitors returned to the field, <mask> feared another rain delay would stop him reaching his century, so he charged English spinner Johnny Wardle and was stumped.

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