texts: chancellor post. It was said that <mask> spoke very little when conferencing with other chancellors—then considered a virtue. A more plausible explanation is that Taizong didn't trust his high officials, especially the generals, and <mask> was very sure about it. He deliberately tried to keep a low profile in order not to raise Taizong's suspicion. In 634, Emperor Taizong wanted to send some officials to examine the circuits in the empire, to see whether the local officials were capable, to find out whether the people were suffering, to comfort the poor, and to select capable people to serve in civil service. <mask> recommended Wei Zheng, but Emperor Taizong, believing that he needed Wei to stay at Chang'an to examine his own faults, declined, instead sending <mask> and 12 other officials to the circuits to examine them.<mask>'s zone was Ji'nei Circuit (畿內道, roughly modern Shaanxi). After this tour, <mask>, giving  the reason that he had a foot illness, requested to retire. Emperor Taizong agreed, but still ordered that he maintain a staff and that, once he got better, he should visit the legislative and examination (門下省, Menxia Sheng) bureaus every two or three days to serve as an alternative head of those bureaus. Later in 634, Tuyuhun attacked Tang. Emperor Taizong was considering whom to send as the commander of the counterattacking force, and he made the comment, "It would have been wonderful to have <mask> as commander." When <mask> heard this, he personally met with the chancellor Fang Xuanling and offered to be the commander. Emperor Taizong was pleased, and made <mask> the commander, assisted by the other generals Hou Junji, <mask>, <mask>g, <mask>n (李道彥), and Gao Zengsheng (高甑生).Tang forces achieved initial victories against Tuyuhun forces; in response, Tuyuhun burned the grass on

masks:
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Daozong
Li Dalian
Li Daoya


type: original

texts: grazing fields to try to cut off the Tang horses' food supplies, and the Tang generals mostly believed that they should retreat them. Hou advocated attacking, however, and <mask>ng agreed, pushing deep into Tuyuhun territory and greatly defeating them, capturing the wives and sons of Tuyuhun's Busabo Khan Murong Fuyun. Murong Fuyun's son Murong Shun surrendered, and Murong Fuyun was soon killed by his subordinates. Emperor Taizong created Murong Shun the new khan, and Tang forces largely withdrew, although <mask>g remained. During the campaign, on one occasion, <mask> rebuked Gao for arriving late, but did not punish him. Gao nevertheless was displeased with <mask>'s rebuke, and he and the official <mask>yi (唐奉義) accused <mask> of plotting treason. The matter was investigated, and the evidence was found lacking.Gao and <mask> were accused of false accusations and exiled, notwithstanding pleas by others that Gao contributed to Emperor Taizong's ambush at Xuanwu Gate against <mask>ng. However, from this point on, <mask> refused to receive guests, and he even did not see his relatives often. In 637, as a part of Emperor Taizong's scheme to bestow prefectures on his relatives and great generals and officials as their permanent domains, <mask>'s title was changed to Duke of Wei, and he was given the post of prefect of Pu Prefecture (濮州, roughly modern Heze, Shandong), to be inherited by his heirs. Soon, however, with many objections to the system, the strongest of which came from Zhangsun Wuji, Emperor Taizong cancelled the scheme, although <mask>'s title remained Duke of Wei. In 640, <mask>'s wife died, and Emperor Taizong ordered that a large tomb, made in the shape of Mount Tie (鐵山) in Eastern Tujue territory and Mount Jishi (積石山) in Tuyuhun territory, under the precedents that the great Han

masks:
Li ji
Li Dalian
Li Jing
Li Jing
Tang Feng
Li Jing
Tang
Li Jianche
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing


texts:
 Dynasty generals Wei Qing and Huo Qubing had their tombs built in the shapes of mountains in Xiongnu territory to commemorate their victories, be constructed for <mask>'s wife (as <mask> would eventually be buried there as well). In 643, when Emperor Taizong commissioned the Portraits at Lingyan Pavilion to commemorate the 24 great contributors to Tang rule, <mask>'s portrait was one of the 24. In 644, when Emperor Taizong was set to attack Goguryeo, he summoned <mask> to consult his opinion.Emperor Taizong stated to him:

You, duke, pacified the Wu region [i.e., the lower Yangtze] to the south, cleared the desert to the north, and settled the Murong [i.e., Tuyuhun] to the west. Only Goguryeo has not submitted. What do you think? <mask> responded:

Your subject had, in the past, depended on your heavenly power to give my minor contributions. I am old and my bones are weak, but if Your Imperial Majesty does not look down on me, I am nevertheless willing to go despite my sickness. Emperor Taizong, however, saw that <mask> was ill and decided not to send him. Emperor Taizong later personally led a largely unsuccessful attack on Goguryeo.<mask> died in 649—briefly before Emperor Taizong's own death—and was buried with great honor, near Emperor Taizong's own tomb. Works attributed to <mask>
As one of the best generals and strategists of Tang Dynasty remaining undefeated in career, <mask> wrote several books about military doctrines. Although most of his work is not preserved today, fractions of them were cited by Tongdian, an encyclopedia about historic politic system in China. One of the Seven Military Classics of China, Duke <mask> of Wei Answering Emperor Taizong of Tang (唐太宗李衛公問對/唐太宗李卫公问对, Táng Tàizōng Lǐ Wèigōng Wènduì), is a purported dialogue between <mask> and Emperor Taizong about the

masks:
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li
Li Jing


texts:
 strategies, policies, tactics. They criticised The Art of war, Zhuge liang strategies book and New Book of Mengde. The work is attributed to <mask>, although many modern scholars doubt the attribution, as neither the Old Book of Tang nor the New Book of Tang mentions the work in their biographies of <mask>. <mask> in fiction
<mask> appears in many Chinese folk tales and novels.Many of his legends were recorded in Taiping Guangji (太平廣記), a record of stories in Song Dynasty. The novel Romance of Sui and Tang (隋唐演義), written by the Qing Dynasty author Chu Renhuo (褚人獲), for example, <mask> was prominently featured. The novel that most prominently features <mask>, however, was the late Tang Dynasty short story Biography of the Dragon-Beard Man (虬髯客傳), written by the official Du Guangting (杜光庭), which featured, as its three central characters, <mask>, his purported wife Zhang Chuchen (張出塵), and an ambitious man who taught <mask> military strategies, known only as the "Dragon-Beard Man." There is no evidence to show that any of the fictional treatments of <mask>'s life had bases in fact. The novel Fengshen Yanyi also had a substantial character named <mask>, apparently borrowing a number of the real <mask>'s personal characteristics, but as the Fengshen Yanyi was set near the end of the legendary Shang Dynasty, more than 2,000 years before the historical <mask>, it was not actually referring to the same person. See also
Emperor Taizong's campaign against Tuyuhun

References

 Old Book of Tang, vol. 67.New Book of Tang, vol. 93. Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 184, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 199. 571 births
649 deaths
Chancellors under Emperor Taizong of Tang
Chinese military writers
Military strategists
Northern Zhou people
Sui dynasty people
Tang dynasty generals at war against the

masks:
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li Jing
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li Jing
Li
Li Jing


texts:
<mask>,  (March 18, 1905 – April 21, 1997) was a Canadian educator, poet, anthropologist, ethno-historian, and academic administrator. Life

Born in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, the son of Professor <mask>. and Ernestine Valiant (Gale) <mask>, he received his BA degree in 1927 from the University of New Brunswick (UNB). He was editor of The High School of Quebec Magazine while in high school, and verse editor of The Brunswickian at UNB, and contributed poetry to both magazines. <mask> then attended the University of Toronto, where he earned his   MA in 1929. There he became friends with Earle Birney, Roy Daniells, and Robert Finch, and was introduced to the poetry of T.S. Eliot. After graduating, <mask> worked as a reporter for the Toronto Mail and Empire.He returned to the University of Toronto to receive his Ph.D in 1934. He then spent a year on a Royal Society of Canada fellowship studying at the London School of Economics, where he was introduced to "leftist politics" and the poetry of Dylan Thomas. From 1935 to 1938, he worked as assistant director and associate curator at the New Brunswick Museum in Saint John, New Brunswick. In 1938, the president of UNB offered to make <mask> the head of a new Department of History if he could talk the provincial government into granting sufficient funding for it. <mask> was successful, and served as head of the new department for 30 years, until 1969. <mask> instituted colonial American studies at the UNB; as a result a closer liaison developed between its history departments and that of the University of Maine in the 1960s. Visits between scholars from Atlantic Provinces and the University of Maine became frequent after the establishment of the New England - Atlantic Provinces Study Center at Orono in 1966.<mask> worked hard at founding a literary community in New Brunswick, founding the Bliss Carman Society. The Society held its meetings at his home, and he kept minutes (including records of all poems). His

masks:
Alfred Goldsworthy Bailey
Loring Woart Bailey Jr
Bailey
Bailey
Bailey
Bailey
Bailey
Bailey
Bailey


texts:
 mimeographed sheets of poems read at Society meetings eventually grew into a new literary magazine, The Fiddlehead, established in 1945 and now Canada's longest-running literary journal. <mask> was Honorary Librarian and CEO of the UNB Library from 1946 to 1959. From 1946 to 1964, he was the first Dean of Arts at UNB, and from 1965 to 1969, he was Vice President (Academic). He retired in 1970. He wrote poetry from college through retirement.His books of poetry include Songs of the Saguenay (1927), Tao (1930), Border River (1952), Thanks for a Drowned Island (1973), and Miramichi Lightning: The Collected Poems of <mask><mask> (1981). Writing

History

<mask> <mask> is esteemed for his seminal work in ethnohistory, The Conflict of European and Eastern Algonkian Cultures, 1504-1700: A Study in Canadian Civilization, his 1937 doctoral dissertation, republished by the University of Toronto in 1969. "In a sense," says the New Brunswick Literary Encyclopedia, "he created the field of ethnohistory in Canada." His essay "Overture to Nationhood" in the Literary History of Canada (1965) (which he helped to edit) and his 1972 collection Culture and Nationality: Essays by A.G<mask>, confirmed his status as cultural historian. Poetry
The Canadian Encyclopedia says of his poetry: "From conservative beginnings that echoed strongly the romantic tones of late 19th-century verse, <mask> evolved into a contemporary poet whose statement was full of the surrounding reality, whose voice is, at times, deceptively subdued but whose imagination ranged widely and wisely. Recognition
On retirement, <mask> was appointed Professor Emeritus at UNB. He received three honorary doctorates.He has served on the  Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, the National Library advisory board, and the Governor General's Literary Awards committee. In 1951, <mask> was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. In 1978, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. He is

masks:
Alfred Bailey
Alfred G
. Bailey
Alfred Goldsworthy
Bailey
. Bailey
Bailey
Bailey
Bailey


texts:
 commemorated by the Alfred G. <mask> Poetry Prize, awarded annually by the Writers' Federation of New Brunswick; and by the <mask>. <mask> Undergraduate Scholarship, awarded annually to a UNB student majoring in history. <mask> <mask> has had a formative influence on a generation of younger poets, notably Elizabeth Brewster, Fred Cogswell, and Robert Gibbs. Publications

Poetry
 Songs of the Saguenay and other poems. Quebec City: Chronicle-Telegraph Publications, 1927.Tao: A Ryerson Poetry Chap Book. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1930. Border River. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1952. Thanks for a Drowned Island Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1973. Miramichi Lightning: The Collected Poems of <mask>. Fredericton: Fiddlehead Poetry Books, 1981. nominated for a 1981 Governor General's Awards
 The sun the wind the summer field.Fredericton: Goose Lane Editions, 1996. Prose
 The Conflict of European and Eastern Algonkian Culture 1504-1700: A Study in Canadian Civilization. University of Toronto, 1934; Rpt. (with two chapters omitted) Saint John, 1937; Rpt. Toronto: U of Toronto P, 1969. Culture and Nationality: Essays by A. G<mask>. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1972."Overture to Nationhood." The Literary History of Canada. Toronto: U of Toronto P, 1976. The Letters of James and Ellen Robb: Portrait of a Fredericton Family in Early Victorian Times (1983)

Except where noted, bibliographic information courtesy St. Thomas University (New Brunswick). References

1905 births
1997 deaths
20th-century Canadian poets
20th-century Canadian male writers
Canadian male poets
Anglophone Quebec people
Canadian anthropologists
Canadian university and college faculty deans
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Historians of Canada
Officers of the Order of Canada
Writers from Quebec City
University of Toronto alumni
University of New Brunswick alumni
University of New Brunswick faculty
20th-century Canadian historians
Canadian male non-fiction writers
20th-century

masks:
Bailey
Alfred G
Bailey
Alfred Goldsworthy
Bailey
Alfred Bailey
. Bailey


texts:
<mask> (born 15 February 1994) is an English footballer who plays as a winger for Southern League club Wantage Town. <mask> began his football career with hometown club Swindon Town before joining Manchester City as a 16-year-old. He spent spells on loan with Chesterfield, for whom he made his Football League debut, Bristol Rovers and Ipswich Town before signing a permanent contract with the latter in 2014. A loan to Blackpool preceded a couple of months with Scottish Premiership club Kilmarnock in 2016. He then played non-league football with Margate, Braintree Town, Nuneaton Town and Darlington before returning to Nuneaton in 2019. He represented England at the 2011 European Under-17 Championships and at the 2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup. Club career

Swindon Town
Henshall was born and raised in Swindon, Wiltshire, and joined the youth setup of his hometown Football League club, Swindon Town, at the age of eight.He was a member of the Swindon Town team that reached the quarter-final of the 2009 Milk Cup Junior Section, scoring a hat-trick against Maccabi Tel Aviv's youngsters, and shared the Player of the Tournament award with Hallam Hope of eventual winners Everton. Swindon manager Danny Wilson named him among the substitutes for a Football League Trophy match against Exeter City in October 2009, and had hoped to bring him on if Swindon were "comfortable", but the match went to extra time and penalties: had <mask> come on, he would have become the club's youngest debutant, at . Manchester City
He attracted attention from major Premier League clubs, and in June 2010, once he finished school, he signed for Manchester City for an undisclosed fee. He made a positive start to his City career, winning the penalty that began an 8–0 rout of Empor Berlin by City's under-18 team in a pre-season tour of Germany in July 2010. City coach Scott Sellars said that <mask> "was a real threathe looks like a real talent". He appeared for City's under-19s in both seasons of the NextGen Series before going out on loan. Chesterfield (loan)
After reported

masks:
Alex Charles Henshall
Henshall
Henshall
Henshall


texts:
 interest in January 2013 from Coventry City in taking <mask> came to nothing, he joined Chesterfield on 22 February on a one-month loan deal.He made his club and Football League debut the next day, replacing Jay O'Shea in the 53rd minute of a 1–0 defeat at home to League Two leaders Gillingham. He made his first start three days later in a goalless draw with Aldershot Town, and was replaced at half-time by Jack Lester. On 28 March, his loan deal was extended until the end of the season. Bristol Rovers (loan)
On 17 October 2013, <mask> signed on a month's loan for Bristol Rovers of League Two. According to Rovers manager John Ward, <mask> "[came] looking for an opportunity to get his career going again". Manchester City had high hopes for him, and the ambitious <mask> hoped to use the loan spell to "ignite his career in the Premier League". Ward described him as "quite direct in his play and [liking] to run at defenders."He made his debut two days later, replacing Ryan Brunt in the 63rd minute of a 1–0 defeat at home to Wycombe Wanderers. In the following game, on 22 October, he scored his first senior goal in a 2–1 defeat away to Accrington Stanley. That was his last appearance for Rovers: Ward thought "he was not going to force his way into [his] team." Ipswich Town
<mask> joined Championship club Ipswich Town on 24 March 2014 on a youth loan until the end of the season. He was released by Manchester City when his contract expired. Despite having made no first-team appearances during his loan spell, <mask> joined Ipswich Town on a two-year contract on 27 June 2014. He said it was an easy decision because he liked working for manager Mick McCarthy and felt the club was making good progress.He made his debut on 12 August, starting in a League Cup match which Ipswich lost 1–0 to League One team Crawley Town in extra time. Having made five appearances for Ipswich, <mask> joined their Championship rivals Blackpool on 9 January 2015 on loan for a month. He made his Blackpool debut the next day as a 61st-minute substitute for Connor Oliver

masks: Henshall Henshall Henshall Henshall Henshall Henshall Henshall


texts:
 in a 1–0 win over Millwall. After one more appearance, <mask> returned to his parent club after suffering a knee injury. At the end of the season, McCarthy said that although he felt <mask> should have been in the first-team squad more often, he had shown a positive attitude and the opportunity was still there. By September, he had been made available for transfer, and at the end of the January transfer window, his contract was terminated by mutual consent. Kilmarnock
On 30 March 2016, <mask> signed for Scottish Premiership club Kilmarnock, agreeing a contract until the end of the season.He played just twice, and was released at the end of his contract. Non-league football
Having turned down options "thinking [he] would get something better", <mask> went into the 2016–17 season without a club. He trained with Yeovil Town to maintain his fitness, and in December 2016 joined up with Margate. He played just one National League South match, against Welling United, before moving up a division by signing for Braintree Town in early January 2017. In what remained of the season, he made seven National League appearances, all but one off the bench, and another three in the FA Trophy. In June 2017, <mask> signed for Nuneaton Town of the National League North. Manager Tommy Wright said he was excited not only about the player's "reputation and pedigree" but also because he wanted "to be the manager that gets this talent and potential back out of him so that he can hit the heights he should have done by now."<mask> made six league starts in the first couple of months of the campaign, but his season was disrupted by injury, worsened by what Wright later described as a misdiagnosis, and he left the club before his contract ended. After <mask> returned to fitness ahead of the 2018–19 season, Wright continued his mission by signing him for his new employers, National League North club Darlington, citing "unfinished business". He made 24 league appearances without scoring, and was released at the end of the season, after which he signed for Nuneaton


texts:
 Borough of the Southern League Premier Division Central. On 27 November 2019, he joined Swindon Supermarine on a month's loan until 28 December. On 3 January 2020, he signed permanently with Swindon Supermarine and his contract with Nuneaton was terminated. In the curtailed 2020–21 season he played for Southern League Premier Division sides Stratford Town and Banbury United for short spells. In the summer of 2021 he dropped down to Division One Central to play for Wantage Town.International career
<mask> made his England under-16 debut on 15 October 2009, in a 1–0 win against Wales, and appeared twice more at that level. He made his debut for the under-17 team on 3 August 2010, in a 5–0 win against Finland in the first round of the Nordic Tournament. England beat Sweden 2–1 in the final, in which <mask> played 67 minutes before being substituted. He scored his first goal for the side on 27 February 2011, in a 2–2 draw with host nation Portugal in the Algarve tournament. He played in all of England's games at the 2011 UEFA Under-17 Championships, helping them reach the semi-finals. He also represented England at the 2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup, playing in the final group-stage game, a 2–0 win against Uruguay, and helping England to reach the quarter-final stage. Career statistics

References

External links
 Profile at the Football Association website (via archive.org)

1994 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Swindon
English footballers
England youth international footballers
Association football wingers
Swindon Town F.C.players
Manchester City F.C. players
Chesterfield F.C. players
Bristol Rovers F.C. players
Ipswich Town F.C. players
Blackpool F.C. players
Kilmarnock F.C. players
Margate F.C.players
Braintree Town F.C. players
Nuneaton Borough F.C. players
Darlington F.C. players
Swindon Supermarine F.C. players
Stratford Town F.C. players
Banbury United F.C. players
Wantage Town F.C.players
English Football League players
Scottish Professional Football League players
National League (English football) players
Southern Football

masks: Henshall Henshall


texts:
<mask> ( <mask>vič Rozdol's'kyj) (Lemberg, July 19, 1898 – Detroit, October 20, 1967) was a prominent Ukrainian Marxian scholar, historian and political theorist. Rodolskys book The Making of Marx's Capital, became a foundational text in the rediscovery of Marx critique of political economy. As well as influenced later scholars such as Postone. Biography
<mask> was born in Lemberg (Lviv) in Galicia, at that time in the Austro-Hungarian empire, now in Ukraine, and died in Detroit, MI (USA). Rosdolsky's father Osyp Rosdolsky was a Ukrainian theologian, philologist, ethnographer and translator of some repute. <mask>'s uncle was Ukrainian composer Danylo Rosdolsky. Both <mask>'s grandparents were priests of the Greek Catholic Church and well-known supporters of the independence of the Ukrainian nation.Ivan Franko was a family friend. As a youth, Rosdolsky was a member of the Ukrainian socialist Drahomanov Circles. He was drafted in the imperial army in 1915, and edited with <mask> and his Left Opposition, and was later, at the end of the 1920s, expelled from the Communist Party.In 1926-1931, he was correspondent in Vienna of the Marx-Engels Institute in Moscow, searching for archival materials. At that time, in 1927, he met his wife Emily. When the labour movement in Austria suffered repression, he emigrated in 1934 back to L'viv, where he worked at the university as lecturer and he published the Trotskyist periodical Žittja i slovo 1934-1938. He was arrested by

masks:
Roman Osipovich Rosdolsky
Roman Osipo
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman
Roman
Roman Turianskyky


texts:
 the Gestapo in 1942, but survived internment for three years in the concentration camps of Auschwitz, Ravensbrück and Oranienburg. He emigrated to the USA in 1947, and worked there as independent scholar - failing to obtain a university post. He published also under pseudonyms such as "<mask>", "P.Suk. ", "Tenet" and "W.S.".Rosdolsky is mainly known in the English-speaking world for his careful scholarly exegesis on Marx's Grundrisse, The Making of Marx's Capital. The collection of essays overturned many previous interpretations of Das Kapital. Yet he published much more, especially on historical topics. During his life, he corresponded with numerous well known Marxist writers including Isaac Deutscher, Ernest Mandel, Paul Mattick, and Karl Korsch. Mandel called Rosdolsky's work on the National Question the only Marxist criticism of Marx himself. Main published works in English
 1951 "The Distribution of the Agrarian Product in Feudalism", in: Journal of Economic History (1951), pp. 247–265
 1952 "On the nature of peasant serfdom in Central and Eastern Europe", in: Journal of Central European Affairs, Vol.12, 1952. 1963 "A Revolutionary Parable on the Equality of Men", in: Archiv für Sozialgeschichte, Bd. 3 (1963), pp. 291–293. 1965 "Worker and Fatherland: a Note on a Passage in the Communist Manifesto". Science & Society, Vol. 29, 1965, pp.330–337 (reprinted in Bob Jessop & Dennis Wheatley (ed. ), Karl Marx's social and political thought. London:


texts:
 Routledge, 1999). 1974 "Method of Marx's Capital". New German Critique, Number 3, Fall 1974. 1977 The Making of Marx's Capital. London: Pluto Press, 1977.1986 Engels and the `Nonhistoric' Peoples: the National Question in the Revolution of 1848. Glasgow: Critique books, 1987. First published in Critique, No.18/19, 1986. 1988 "A Memoir of Auschwitz and Birkenau." (Introd. John-Paul Himka). Monthly Review Vol.39, no. 8 (January 1988), pp. 33–38. 1999 Lenin and the First World War. London: Prinkipo Press, 1999. 2009 "The Jewish Orphanage in Cracow". In: The Online Publications Series of the Center for Urban History of East Central Europe [www.lvivcenter.org/download.php?downloadid=107], No.4, Lviv, October 2009 (translated by Diana Rosdolsky)

Published writing in German
 1937 "Karl Marx und der Polizeispitzel Bangya, in: International Review for Social History", Vol. 2, Leyden 1937, pp. 229–245. 1938 "Die Geschichte der tschechisch-polnischen Beziehungen in der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts", in: [Prager Rundschau, Jg. 8 (1938)], pp. 114–140.1948 "Das jüdische Waisenhaus in Krakau". In: Arbeiter Zeitung, Vienna, 15 April 1948. 1954 "Die ostgalizische Dorfgemeinschaft und ihre Auflösung". In: Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Franz Steiner Verlag, Vol. 41, Nr. 2, 1954, pp.97–145. 1956 "Zur neueren Kritik des Marxschen Gesetzes der fallenden Profitrate", in: Kyklos, 2 (1956), pp. 208–226
 1957 Review of Martin Trottmann, Zur


texts: Interpretation und Kritik der Zusammenbruchstheorie von Henryk Grossmann, in: Kyklos, 3 (1957), pp. 353–355. 1957 "Der esoterische und der exoterische Marx. Zur kritischen Würdigung der Marxschen Lohntheorie I–III", in: Arbeit und Wirtschaft, Vol. 11 (1957), Nr.11ff., pp. pp. 348–351, 388–391, 20–24. 1959 Der Gebrauchswert bei Karl Marx. Eine Kritik der bisherigen Marx-Interpretation, Kyklos. Internationale Zeitschrift für Sozialwissenschaften, Vol. XII 1959, Basel, pp.27–56. 1959 "Joan Robinsons Marx-Kritik", in: Arbeit und Wirtschaft, Vol. 13 (1959), Nr. 8f., pp. 178–183, 210–212. 1959 'Zur Analyse der russischen Revolution', in Die Sozialismusdebatte. Historische und aktuelle Fragen des Sozialismus, edited by Ulf Wolter, West Berlin: Olle & Wolter, 1978: 203-36.1961 Die grosse Steuer- und Agrarreform Josefs II. Ein Kapitel zur österreichischen Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Warsaw: Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1961. 1963 "Archivalische Miszellen über O. Bauer". International Review of Social History, vol. 8(1963), pp. 436–446.1963 "La Neue Rheinische Zeitung et les Juifs", in: Etudes de Marxologie, no.7 (Aug. 1963). 1963 "Ein neomarxistisches Lehrbuch der politischen Ökonomie", in: Kyklos. Internationale Zeitschrift für Sozialwissenschaften, Vol. XVI, 1963, pp. 626–654. 1963 "Archivalische Miszellen über Otto Bauer". In: International Review of Social History, Vol.8, pp. 436–446, 1963. 1963 "K. Marx und ein "Privatsekretär" Th. Sanders". International Review of


texts: Social History vol. 8(1963), pp. 282–285.1963 "Archivalische Miszellen über Otto Bauer". In: International Review of Social History, Vol. 8, pp. 436–446, 1963. 1963 (Review) "Alfred Schmidt, Der Begriff der Natur in der Lehre von Marx". In: Schweizer Zeitschrift für Volkswirtschaft und Statistik, pp. 524–527, 1963.1965 "Die Rolle des Zufalls und der "Grossen Männer" in der Geschichte" (1965) . Kritik, Vol 5, No. 14, 1977, p. 67-96, Verlag Olle & Wolter, ISSN 0170-4761. 1966 "Die serbische Sozialdemokratie und die Stockholmer Konferenz von 1917", in: Archiv für Sozialgeschichte, Vol. 6-7(1966–67), pp. 583–597. 1968 "Einige Bemerkungen über die Methode des Marxschen "Kapitals" und ihre Bedeutung für die heutige Marxforschung".In: Kritik der politischen Ökonomie heute. 100 Jahre "Kapital". Frankfurt, Europäische Verlagsanstalt, pp. 9–21, 1968. 1969 "Der Streit um die polnisch-russischen Staatsgrenzen anlässlich des polnischen Aufstandes von 1863", in: Archiv für Sozialgeschichte, Vol. 9(1969), pp. 157–180.1973 Studien über revolutionäre Taktik : 2 unveröffentlichte Arbeiten über d. 2. Internationale u. d. österr. Sozialdemokratie. With comments about the author and the edited texts by Emily Rosdolsky. Berlin : Verlag für d. Studium d. Arbeiterbewegung, 1973. 1976 Die Bauernabgeordneten im konstituierenden österreichischen Reichstag 1848 - 1849. Introduced by Eduard März.Vienna: Europaverlag, 1976. 1992 Untertan und Staat in Galizien : die Reformen unter Maria


texts:
 Theresia und Joseph II. Mainz: Von Zabern, 1992. 1979 Zur nationalen Frage. Friedrich Engels und das Problem der 'geschichtslosen' Völker, Verlag Olle & Wolter, Berlin 1979, . Writing in Italian
 2007 "La situazione rivoluzionaria in Austria nel 1918 e la politica dei socialdemocratici", in: Antonio Moscato (ed. ), Trockij e le pace necessaria: 1918, la socialdemocrazia e la tragedia russa.Argo: 2007. Writing in Polish
 1962 "Do historij "Krawego Roku" 1846". In: Kwartalnik Historyczny, pp. 403–321, 1958. 1962 Stosunki poddańcze w dawnej Galicji. Warsaw, Paňstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1962. 1962 ""Spowied" Goslara."In: Kwartalnik Historyczny, 1962. 1969 "Do historij "Sojuzu vyzvolennja Ukrajny"". In: Ukrajan'kik Samostijnik, 1969 et seq. pp. 31-40, pp. 29-35, pp. 38-42, pp.33-39; pp. 26-30; pp. 32-39. Writing in Ukrainian
 1927 (Pseudonym T. Prokopovych) "Fridrych Engel's pro Ukrajinu". In: Chervonyj Shliakh, pp. 161–186, 1927, Nr. 7-8
 1951 "Do istorii ukrains'koho livo-sotsiialistychnoho rukhu v Halychyni (Pidchasvoienni 'Drahomanivky' 1916-18 r.r.),".In: Vpered, 1951, Nr. 3-4. About <mask>
 Ernest Mandel, "<mask> (1898-1967)", Quatrième Internationale, 33 (April 1968). English translation: "<mask>ky - a genuine Marxist scholar", Intercontinental Press (New York), 6, 21: 512-514, 3 June 1968. Dutch translation: "Wie was <mask>ky" (obituary)
 Obituary of Emily Rosdolsky
 Janusz Radziejowski, "<mask>: man, activist a scholar", in: Science & Society, Vol.

masks:
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Rosdols
Roman Rosdols
Roman Rosdolsky


texts:
 42 (1978) Nr. 2, pp.198–210 (provides biographical details). Anson G. Rabinbach, "<mask>ky 1897-1967: an introduction". New German Critique, No. 3, Autumn 1974, pp. 56–61. Ralph Melvile 1992, '<mask> (1898-1967) als Historiker Galiziens und der Habsburgermonarchie', in: <mask>, Untertan und Staat in Galizien. Die Reformen unter Maria Theriasia und Joseph II, Mainz: Von Zabern: VII-XXV."On <mask> as a Guide to the Politics of the Neue Rheinische Zeitung", Science & Society, Vol. 63, Nr 2, pp. 235–241
 Review of <mask>, Engels and the `Nonhistoric' Peoples. Raya Dunayevskaya, A Critique of <mask>ky: Rosdolsky's Methodology and the Missing Dialectic
 Paul Mattick, <mask>: Das symbolische Schicksal eines osteuropäischen Marxisten
 Manfred A. Turban, "<mask>'s Reconsideration of the Traditional Marxist Debate on the Schemes of Reproduction on New Methodological Grounds", in Koropeckyj, I. S., ed. Selected Contributions of Ukrainian Scholars to Economics. Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute Sources and Documents series. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute distributed by Harvard University Press, 1984, pages 91–134. John Paul Himka, "<mask>'s Reconsideration of the Traditional Marxist Debate on the Schemes of Reproduction on New Methodological Grounds: Comments", in Koropeckyj, I. S., ed. Selected Contributions of Ukrainian Scholars to Economics. Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute Sources and Documents series. Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard

masks:
Roman Rosdols
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Rosdols
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Rosdolsky


texts:
 Ukrainian Research Institute distributed by Harvard University Press, 1984, pages 135-47. João Antonio de Paula, "<mask> (1898-1967): um intelectual em tempos de extremos".Nova Economia, vol.17, n.2, 2007. Anson G. Rabinbach, "<mask>dolsky archives
 Wikiversity Rosdolsky reading circle (Vienna)

See also
 Emily Rosdolsky (de) :de:Emily Rosdolsky

1898 births
1967 deaths
University of Lviv faculty
Ukrainian anti-capitalists
Ukrainian Trotskyists
Ukrainian Marxists
Marxist theorists
Marxian economists
Ukrainian Austro-Hungarians
People from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Austrian people of Ukrainian descent
Ukrainian revolutionaries
Communist Party of Western Ukraine members
Soviet Marxist historians
Politicians from Lviv
Critics of political

masks:
Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Rosdolsos


texts:
<mask> () was born in Greece, in the region of Athens and he is the third child of the poet <mask> and Evgenia Antonopoulos. He is a Greek artist and conjectural and he is also a life member of UNESCO and awarded from UNESCO, I.A.F. and International Arts Conference. His works can be found in international organisations, institutions and collections. Studies

<mask> studied "Art conservation" at the University of Indianapolis and "Visual Arts" at the Academy of Florence, honored with a scholarship of the Catholic Church of Greece, where he graduated with honors. He has also attended a course on "Traditional Building Conservation" and he has also studied Byzantine hagiography, fresco painting and tessellation. Theories

<mask> has developed some theories over the years in which he has based his art works.The following sections are summaries of these theories. The temporary attribution of love in a painting and the abyssal expulsion of a modular emotional fall (2003)

His first theory is entitled "The temporary attribution of love in a painting and the abyssal expulsion of a modular emotional fall". He approaches love through the inner greatest procedure (which in our case is not enough) to the completion of the emotion. It is a chapter which is a part of a greater theoretical work including the following sections: Birth, Knowledge, Creation, Love, Betrayal and Death. Theoretical proposal in approaching a conceptual platform of painting art works and structures in a shape [Icon-Concepts] (2004)

His second theory is entitled "Theoretical proposal in approaching a conceptual platform of painting art works and structures in a shape [Icon-Concepts]". This is a

masks:
George – Maran Varthalitis
Ioannis Varthalitis
George – Maran Varthalitis
George – Maran Varthalitis


texts:
 theory approaching the point of view of the multiple ingenuities of Howard Gardner by adding a ninth unit, the existential one. According to his theory, for the sake of the iconological conclusion we want to make, each ingenuity is illustrated by the form of [Icon-Ingenuities] and by the form of a puzzle, where the [Viewer – Co-creator] participating by composing the pieces which are morphologically identical but theoretically different (having a different thematic form, depending on the ingenuity).With the completion of this Icon-Puzzle a psychographic result arises, which represents the mental and psychological state of the co-creator. The co-creator is taking an act in the final work, reaching an instantaneously, though permanent until a possible reconstitution of the art, stock of stable truth throughout time. Beautiful decay (2012)

His third theory is entitled "Beautiful decay". In his third theory, he touches the subject of the modern human living in cities (Homo Urbanus), his thoughts, his actions, his decisions, his ethics, his entropy, his egoism, his competitiveness, his unwillingness, are his key characteristics and mainly the ones concerning him. Consequently, the decrease of his social and altruistic behavior is obvious. According to George – Maran <mask>, the phenomenon of justice belongs to "individual structures". This means that the pneumatic identification of modern human with dogmatism is leading to the manipulation, together with other factors, of public opinion and the deprivation of individuality.The truth of falsehood (2019)

His fourth theory is entitled "The truth of falsehood". According to George - Maran <mask>, it is certain

masks: Varthalitis Varthalitis


texts:
 that reality is experienced sensitively, while individuals understand and translate it mentally. The notion of what constitutes reality and the elements it contains, so that it defines the meaning of "I exist and perceive" at a specific time or not, through the image, results from the outcome. Conclusion’s pragmatism along with the subjectivism of the moment, give the futility of truth. The legitimacy of truth in relation to the charm of falsehood, which everyone hopes to be true, offers a compulsive but not honest balance, since fabrication can work amelioratingly and orthographically within reality. Reality and its counterfeit version, brings a great psychological burden, while stepping to the edges of what experts call "borderline personality." Falsehood and truth are a miraculous-exhaustive duo and a necessary condition of reality, both in art and life.The ultimate art of false truth
George - Maran <mask> also argues that, if we extend the mysterious notion of "mass poisoning", we are talking about the deception of public opinion. The poisoning overrides the rudimentary rumour, even though it uses the same methods. It is not a fraud, although it contains deception and falsehood. It is not a hoax, even though its subordinates are enjoying the results as much as jokesters. It is not propaganda and manipulation although it contains propagandising. It is not brainwashing, even though Mass Media are being used in its contexts. The concept of truth is not being understood or dealt in the same way, relative to the concept of space and time.According to Homer, the word truth means "non-oblivion". If we had to define the concept of truth, we could argue that it is


texts:
 the closest and most complete description-representation of a particular event or object, without forgetting its essential characteristics. In Aristophanes’ “The Knights”, Agorakritus prays before get in a fight with Kleon “Demons of forgiveness and fraud, carnage and stupidity[...]”. In the later years the concept of propaganda (directed fame) was born in the Vatican in 1622 A.D. (Propaganda Fidae). Other forms of propaganda that followed were the communist, the fascist, the Nazi, leading to a series of various socio-political and advertisement propagandas with long-made falsehoods. Truth and social hypocrisy
George - Maran <mask> also suggests that there is an optimistic perception that the truth will defeat falsehood and light will overcome darkness. He believes that perhaps that is the most prominent dream of religions, of great movements and social reformers.He continues by arguing that they and we need to investigate the field of truth. According to the enlighteners, if we manage to do so, we would be moving into a society of truth, equality; into a society without lying, hypocrisy and delusions. He believes that this could possibly be the greatest collective illusion of history; and that is because falsehood and false consciousness are at the same time comrades of human species. Consciousness is partly "false". We do not mind the truth of others, of nature, of the universe. The inability to perceive universality alters the revelation of truth, pushing the truth of the people and the truth of the universe further. The distance between the socially acknowledged truth and our own grows apart, so falsehood as being an individual’s truth is settled in


texts:
 collective and interpersonal relationships.The art through a multitude of lies can cause real emotions, and a false image can serve a truth. We are frightened in front of our truth by looking at the core of our being and our thinking. It is getting assisted by modern society, whose fake and counterfeit values dominate with the help of spectacles and shows, in an environment of generalized ideological and aesthetic confusion. Envy of lying
According to George - Maran <mask>, in the light of all these previous concepts and notions, falsehood acts as a sieve to filter the truth. It is therefore intertwined with its constitution and acceptance. Falsehood is a phenomenon of the (daily) practice of life and of metaphysical upheaval; if the peace of the soul is desired. It does not always keep in line with the truth.Legal provisions, moral checks, transcendental explorations, law, the “good”, the “divine”, the authorities (lawyers-MPs-priests), are always defining clearly the falsity region; laws, principles and rules by people for people, from one era to another. Thus, the concept of falsehood is entangled, even in a false way. He therefore concludes that art, for the most part, does not present false truths but true lies. Awards

George – Maran <mask> has been awarded for his contribution to art and his theories, by the following committees:

UNESCO, (2005) at World Expo UNESCO in Brazil, for his artworks based on his second theory titled "Theoretical proposal in approaching a conceptual platform of painting art works and structures in a shape [Icon-Concepts]". International Arts Federation (I.A.F. ), (2013) at World Expo I.A.F. in Argentina for his artworks


texts:
 based on his third theory entitled "Beautiful Decay".International Arts Conference, (2015) in Shanghai - China, with the award "Best European Upcoming Artist". Exhibitions

George – Maran <mask> has done many exhibitions, both individual and group, in many countries. Some of them were held by organizations such as UNESCO and I.A.F. Individual

"Beautiful Decay" - USA (Los Angeles) - 2018
"Faces and Facts" – USA (Texas) – 2010
No subject – United Kingdom (London) – 2007
"The industrial diversity towards the modern man" – Greece (Corfu Arts Center) – 1999

Group

"The 70th National Day of China" - CIEA-BA / China - 2019
"The Square Art and Society  in Korea - The 50th Exhibition of MMCA / Korea - 2019
"Human Behaviour" - International Arts Conference / Shanghai - China - 2018
"The Power of Faith" - World Expo UNESCO / Kalkuta India - 2018
"45th Exhibition of Contemporary Art" - Japan (Tokyo) - 2017
"International Contemporary Art Show" (Scope) - USA (Miami Beach) - 2017
"Human moments" – Mexico – 2016
"Portraits" – International Arts Conference (Award) / Shanghai – China – 2015
"Beautiful Decay" – Japan – 2015
"Beautiful Decay" – Russia – 2014
"Beautiful Decay" – Mexico – 2014
"No Item" – World Expo I.A.F. / Portugal – 2013
"Human Rights" – World Expo I.A.F. (Award) / Argentina – 2013
"A Moment's Thought" – Norway – 2012
"Me, myself and I" – Italy – 2011
"Counterfeit Truth" – Argentina – 2010
"Global disasters and human fault" – World Expo UNESCO / Japan – 2009
"Libido and social acceptance" – World Expo I.A.F. / Germany – 2009
"Forty-five drawings and a painting for the human person" – Pan-European Report / Spain – 2008
"The temporary return of love" –


texts:
 World Report UNESCO / India – 2007
"Christian necessity" – World Expo I.A.F./ Spain – 2006
"Human communication in the modern era" – World Expo UNESCO (Award) / Brazil – 2005
"The good and evil in human nature" – World Expo UNESCO / China – 2003
"Religious allegory" – USA – 2002

References

Living people
20th-century artists
21st-century artists
Greek artists
Greek painters
Postmodern artists
Year of birth missing (living


texts:
<mask> (born January 9, 1938) is an American novelist. Early life
<mask> was born in Manchester, Georgia and graduated in 1959 from the University of Georgia, with a Bachelor of Arts in sociology. After graduation he enrolled in the Air National Guard, spending two months in basic training before moving to New York, where he began a career in the advertising industry. Towards the end of the 1960s, <mask> emigrated to England and lived in Knightsbridge, London while continuing to work in advertising. After three years in London, <mask> decided to write a novel, based on an old family story which had been told to him when he was a child, and moved to Ireland. He moved into a converted barn on the grounds of Lough Cutra Castle near Gort, County Galway, and lived a near-solitary existence, except for spending two days a week in Dublin writing television commercials and print adverts. Sailing
Soon after settling in Ireland in 1973, <mask> took up a new hobby of sailing, an activity that had interested him since the summer of 1966 in Castine, Maine when friends had taken him on their boat.He joined Galway Bay Sailing Club, and learned to sail in one of the club's Mirrors. <mask> purchased a Mirror for himself and named it Fred, after his dog. After tiring of cruising around bays he entered novice competitions around Galway Bay. Unable to find a reliable person to form his crew, <mask> recruited any passing teenager to join him. He entered the week-long National Championships at Lough Derg, and finished thirty-ninth out of a fleet of sixty. It was Wood's best result of the season. The following year, <mask> sailed in as many races as he could leading up to the Mirror National Championships in Sligo; After retiring from the first race, he finished in twenty-fifth place out of seventy boats in the second race, and finished eighth in the third

masks:
Stuart Woods
Stuart Woods
Woods
Woods
Woods
Woods
Woods
Woods


texts: race.The fourth race was canceled due to high winds and the number of teenaged entrants. He finished the event twenty-ninth out of seventy boats and he and his crewmate were given a special prize for being the oldest and heaviest crew. For the rest of the season he sailed around Ireland with a friend on a Snapdragon 24, and decided to compete in the 1976 Observer Single-handed Trans-Atlantic Race (OSTAR). In the fall of 1974, <mask>'s grandfather died and bequeathed him enough money to buy a yacht suitable for the race. He ordered a Golden Shamrock-based yacht from Ron Holland, and worked with him on designing the interior suitable for single-handeded racing and <mask>' personal needs. Since his previous sailing experience consisted of "racing a ten-foot plywood dinghy on Sunday afternoons against small children, losing regularly", <mask> spent eighteen months learning more about sailing and celestial navigation while his yacht was being built in Cork. He gained more boating experience by sailing from Ireland to England as part of the crew on STY Creidne, a training ship purchased by the Irish Government for the Irish Naval Service, Irish Mist II, Ron Holland's  Golden Apple, and as many other yachts that would accept him, amassing 1200 miles of offshore experience.He entered the August 1975 Multihull Offshore Cruising and Racing Association (MOCRA) Azores Race and asked fellow Galway Bay Sailing Club member Commander Bill King to join him. In order to finance his MOCRA Azores Race and the OSTAR, <mask> met with publishers about writing a book about his experience in the OSTAR, organized sponsorship for the races, and sent invitations and press releases about the launch of his yacht to the local and national Irish newspapers, RTÉ, The Observer, and Yachting Monthly. Golden Harp was launched June 4, 1975. "Golden" was chosen so it

masks: Woods Woods Woods Woods


texts:
 followed the naming tradition of Ron Holland's other designs, the Golden Apple, Golden Shamrock, and Golden Delicious, and "Harp" as it has long been used as a symbol of Ireland. <mask>, King, and their third crewmember, Shirley Clifford, left from Portsmouth, England for The Azores in August 1975. 85–98) Clifford, who had complained of feeling ill the day before the race began, continued to feel worse so <mask> and King dropped her off on a coastguard boat near Plymouth, England on the second day of the race. They arrived in Horta after sailing 1400 miles for fifteen-and-a-half days.They were the smallest and last boat to finish, other than four boats that had retired from the race, but were disqualified for not completing with the full crew complement that had begun the race. King returned to Ireland almost immediately, but <mask> spent a month in Horta before sailing Golden Harp the 1300 miles back to Ireland single-handedly in order to meet the OSTAR's qualifying cruise requirement of a minimum five-hundred miles. Upon his return to Ireland in the late fall of 1975, <mask> appeared on the Irish version of To Tell the Truth with Ron Holland and John McWilliam. All three men claimed to be <mask>, and a panel had to guess who out of whom was lying. Only one of the four panellists  guessed correctly. Preparing for his OSTAR race, he petitioned the OSTAR Committee to be considered an Irish entry, as although he is an American, he had been living in Ireland for some time, had learned to sail from Irish yachtsmen on Irish boats, and his yacht was Irish designed and built. The committee agreed to allow him to be entered under Irish colors.Becoming a published writer
<mask> wrote an account of his OSTAR experience, and was introduced to Stanford Maritime, a London-based publishing house specializing in nautical books, by Ron Holland. Blue

masks: Woods Woods Woods Woods Woods Woods


texts: Water, Green Skipper was published in 1977. The American publishing rights were sold to W.W. Norton. <mask>' second book was to be written about the 1977 Round Britain Yacht Race but the book was canceled because of light winds and calms during the race. He persuaded his publishers to allow him to change the scope of the book, and spent the summer driving 12,000 miles around Great Britain and Ireland writing a guidebook to country restaurants, inns and hotels. He visited over 150 establishments, and included one-hundred-thirty-eight in the book; ninety-one establishments in England, thirteen in Scotland, eight in Wales, and twenty-six in Ireland. The two places in the British Isles that he did not visit were Northern Ireland, saying that he did not feel comfortable recommending any place where he was afraid to visit, and the Channel Islands due to a lack of available time.Originally titled A Lover's Guide to the Country Inns of Britain and Ireland <mask> realised married couples may feel alienated, and changed it to A Romantic's Guide ..., defining a "romantic" as a person " who is susceptible to charm" in addition to The Concise Oxford Dictionary definition of someone "given to romance, imagination ... visionary ... professing grandeur of picturesqueness or passion or irregular beauty to finish and proportion." <mask>' first novel, Chiefs, was published in March 1981. The story was inspired by a police chief's badge <mask> had found in his grandmother's home. The badge was stained with blood and pockmarked by buckshot. It had belonged to his grandfather, who died wearing it 10 years before <mask> was born. He submitted the first one hundred pages and an outline to three publishers who all turned him down, before Norton bought the publishing rights for $7,500. He later stated it was a mistake to sell the book unfinished as he could have

masks: Woods Woods Woods Woods Woods


texts: got much more money had it been completed.20,000 copies of the book were printed in hardback, but Norton did little to promote the book. He contracted with Bantam Books to print the paperback edition. In 1983 Chiefs was adapted into a television miniseries of the same name, starring Charlton Heston, Danny Glover, Billy Dee Williams, Stephen Collins and John Goodman. CBS broadcast the miniseries over three nights, and it was nominated for three Emmy Awards and one Eddie Award. Its success sparked interest in the paperback, and <mask> was awarded the Edgar Award in the "Best First Novel" category from the Mystery Writers of America. <mask>' most prolific series of novels focus on Stone Barrington, a former NYPD detective turned lawyer who is of counsel to a prestigious law firm and handles sensitive cases for the firm's prominent clients, but cases with which the firm nonetheless does not wish to be publicly associated. As such, Barrington commands exorbitant fees, and a strong cast of recurring characters such as his ex-partner Dino Bacchetti, frequent use of the New York restaurant Elaine's as a setting and Stone's frequent exploits with women, travel and fine dining.Stone, like <mask>, is also an experienced pilot and frequent references are made to his aircraft. In addition to Stone, <mask> has written several other character-focused series. These characters include Holly Barker, a retired Army major and Florida police chief recruited to become a CIA operative; Ed Eagle, a Santa Fe defense lawyer; William Henry Lee IV, a Georgia senator who is elected President of the United States; and Rick Barron, a police detective who becomes a security officer and later chief of production for a Hollywood movie studio in the 1930s. All of <mask>' novels take place in the same universe and characters frequently appear in other series. <mask> has


texts:
 published a memoir, a travel book and forty-four novels in a thirty-seven year career, and has now had twenty-nine consecutive New York Times best sellers in hardback. Two completed novels are awaiting publication in January and April, 2011, and he has just signed another three-book deal with Putnam. In the past he has written two novels a year and has increased that to three novels a year, at the request of his publishers.In 2014 he started publishing four times a year. He now publishes each year in January, April, June/July and October. Personal life
<mask> is a licensed, instrument-rated private pilot, and bought a new Cessna Citation Mustang, his first jet airplane. He was the launch customer of the Cessna Citation M2, taking delivery of the plane in December 2013. He owns a Hinckley T38 R power boat and is a partner in an 85-foot antique motor yacht, Enticer, built in 1935 and fully restored. Married to Jeanmarie (née Cooper) in January 2013, the couple live with a Labrador Retriever named Fred in Key West, Florida, on Mount Desert Island, in Maine, and Santa Fe, New Mexico. Bibliography

Will Lee novels
 Chiefs (1981) (Edgar Award Best First Novel) – A 229-minute TV miniseries, starring Charlton Heston, John Goodman and an all-star cast.(<mask> has a role in miniseries)
 Run Before the Wind (1983)
 Deep Lie (1986)
 Grass Roots (1989) – A four-hour TV miniseries, starring Corbin Bernsen and Mel Harris. . . reliably fun and intriguing." Citations

References

External links
<mask>'s official website

20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American mystery writers
American male novelists
Edgar Award winners
Novelists from Georgia (U.S. state)
University of Georgia alumni
Living people
1938 births
People from Manchester, Georgia
Irish male sailors (sport)
20th-century American male writers
21st-century

masks:
Woods
Woods
Stuart Woods


texts:
<mask> (10 February 1880 – April 1963) was a German career lawyer who in 1919 became a separatist leader in the militarily occupied Rhineland, following German defeat in the First World War. The period was a confused one during which political objectives were not always firmly fixed, nor clearly set out, but it is understood that <mask>'s preference was for a Rhineland separated from "protestant" Prussia, and economically more closely aligned with France. At the end of 1923, a final attempt to establish an independent Rhenish state having failed, he escaped to Nice in France: here he resumed his legal career and worked on his memoirs. Life

Early years
<mask> was born in Endenich and attended primary and secondary schools in nearby Bonn. His father was the wealthy owner of a porcelain manufacturing company. On leaving school he went on to study Law at Heidelberg, Munich and Bonn, also receiving a Doctorate in Law in 1907 from Leipzig University. He had already, in August 1902, taken his "Civil Service Oath", and he also worked for a period at the District Prosecutor's Office in Düsseldorf.He then took a job at the district court in Waldbröl where, in 1912, he was appointed a junior judge. The early progression of his legal career was also broken by a period of military service, undertaken with the Second Field Artillery Regiment No.23, based in Koblenz. Ellis Island records disclose that on 22 December 1912 <mask> disembarked from the (recently refurbished and renamed) trans-atlantic cruise liner "Victoria Luise" on a visit to the United States, accompanied by his wife. He was recorded as a "non-immigrant", intending to visit Cleveland and San Francisco. First World War
<mask> was appointed State prosecutor in Berlin's District Court Number 3 with effect from 1 October 1914. Before he could take up his new appointment, however, war intervened:  the opening of August 1914 found Germany scrambling to react to the Austrian declaration, on 28 July, of war against Serbia.

masks:
Hans Adam Dorten
Dorten
Hans Adam Dorten
Dorten
Dorten


texts:
 <mask>'s future career path was changed on 3 August 1914 when he was conscripted into the army.During the war he served in the 54th "Commando" Corps, ending up as a junior officer (Hauptmann). He was honoured with the Iron Cross Medal, Class I and then Class II. In 1918, he was put under military arrest for "violent criticism" of the Kaiser. The end of the war allowed him to avoid a court martial

On 2 December 1918 he was released from the army, and until July 1919 he spent his accumulated months of leave entitlement. A switch to politics in the aftermath of war
Early in 1919 the Dortens relocated to Wiesbaden. With the abdication of the Kaiser, <mask> turned his attention to politics during the socially and politically turbulent months that ensued. His agenda was anti-Socialist and pro-Rhineland.He financed his activities with his accumulated personal assets. He had married a very rich wife. <mask>'s political purposes were not always clear-cut to contemporaries, but in retrospect many historians believe that his defining political objective was a Rhenish Republic, to operate at least initially as a part of the emerging German state. Despite extensive contacts with local political committees and with leading Rhineland politicians from the political centre such as Konrad Adenauer, <mask> was unable to gain a position of leadership in the separatist movement, however. That was partly because of his own uncompromising rejection of any sort of accommodation with the (moderately left-wing residual majority) Social Democratic Party, and partly because he was calling for an economic rapprochement with France. <mask> continued to convene meetings of properly authorized officials and representatives in the Rhineland to try and obtain legitimacy and agreement from the towns and rural districts for the support of his objectives. His efforts met with some limited success in the southern part of the Rhineland.Not withstanding several setbacks, <mask> was able to find politically

masks:
Dorten
Hans Adam
Dorten
Dorten
Dorten
Dorten


texts:
 likeminded allies, including Dr. Franz Geueke, the publisher of the Rheinische Volkszeitung, the regional newspaper. It subsequently transpired that he also on various occasions during 1919, held talks at his home at Hilda Street 14 in Wiesbaden with officers from the French army of occupation, including General Mangin himself. The French made no secret of their enthusiasm the idea of peeling the Rhineland off from the rest of Germany, and they encouraged <mask> to create an independent Rhenish Republic, which from their point of view could become part of a larger solution to the "German problem". But rumours that <mask> might be "negotiating" with the French occupiers were costly in terms of support among the Rhinelanders. French military occupation and the massive economic burden blamed on reparations being paid to the French were causing real economic hardship, and a campaign of passive resistance ensued. <mask> openly opposed the passive resistance which he said was self-defeating, wrecking the economy and further impoverishing Rhinelanders. His pragmatic judgements regarding the economic interests of his region completely failed to capture the popular mood, however.<mask>'s regional nationalist objectives, as far as the matter can be judged from available sources, involved separating the Rhineland from the "Prussian state" which was widely blamed for the disaster of the war, but his goals always stopped short of complete independence for the Rhineland from the rest of the German state, for which he envisaged a more federal structure than was, at that time, on offer. Proclamation of the Rhenish Republic in Wiesbaden
The Rhenish Republic was proclaimed in Wiesbaden on 1 June 1919, with <mask> <mask> as its "president". After a week, it was impossible to deny that the "Putsch" had failed, in the face of large-scale popular protests, and opposition from all the municipal councils and other relevant organisations in the region. <mask> had expected backing from the

masks:
Dorten
Dorten
Dorten
Dorten
Hans Adam
Dorten
Dorten


texts:
 French occupation forces, but they took a position of strict neutrality. The founders of the Rhenish Republic were unable to pursue their project in the face of combined opposition from the people and the municipalities. A warrant was issued by the Leipzig based Supreme Court for <mask>'s arrest, on a charge of treason; but the warrant could not be executed in the Rhineland due to the occupation. Separatist agitation after the failed "Putsch"
<mask> did not give up.26 August 1923 found him in Mönchengladbach, attempting to address a rally. The separatists were attacked by "nationalists loyal to the Berlin government", and <mask> had to pretend to be an American journalist in order to escape the mob. There was another attempt to establish a Rhenish Republic in October 1923, and <mask> again played a leading role. Together with Josef Matthes he set up a "provisional government of the Rhenish Republic" in Koblenz. Following differences, the next month he proclaimed a government for the southern part of the Rhineland in Bad Ems. This insurrection also failed because widespread popular opposition, and because of a falling off in support from the French military authorities. French exile
Following his latest failure to establish a Rhenish Republic, on the night of 31 December 1923/1 January 1924 <mask> <mask> made his way to France, settling at Nice in the south-east of the country.In 1927 he resumed work as a lawyer, and in 1928 he took French citizenship. His memoires were finished in 1937 under the title "La Tragédie Rhénane". The volume was published only in 1945, to be followed by a German language translation in 1979. References

German judges
French lawyers
Weimar Republic politicians
History of the Rhineland
Independence movements
Separatism in Germany
Rhenish nationalism
1880 births
1963 deaths
20th-century German lawyers
Politicians from Bonn
Leipzig University alumni
Heidelberg University alumni
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni
University of Bonn

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<mask> (, ; 3 January 1933 – 17 April 1975) was a Cambodian politician who served as the last prime minister of the Khmer Republic from 26 December 1973, to 17 April 1975. Highly regarded for his honesty, he tried unsuccessfully to negotiate a peace settlement with the Khmer Rouge during the Cambodian Civil War. He was later arrested by the Khmer Rouge and executed. He is one of two prime ministers to die in office, the other being Chan Sy. Early life
<mask> was born in Chbar Ampéou near Phnom Penh in Kandal Province, Cambodia, the son of <mask> and Neang Ieng Buth. He attended the prestigious Lycée Sisowath in Phnom Penh from 1946 to 1952, studied in France from 1953 to 1955, then returned to Cambodia to work in the Royal Treasury. Political career
In 1958 he was elected to parliament as MP for Stung Treng Province, and was the youngest MP in parliament.He served briefly in 1958 as Deputy Secretary of State for Labor and Social Action and was re-elected to Parliament in 1962. During this period he became known as the author of romance stories, many of which were serialized in newspapers. He was appointed State Secretary for Finance but he publicly opposed the decision in November 1963 by Norodom Sihanouk to nationalize banks and foreign trade, and was forced to resign. He retained his parliamentary seat in the 1966 elections. He was the Information Minister from 1971 to 1972 and the Foreign Minister from 1972 to 1973. Prime Minister of Cambodia
On December 9, 1973, he succeeded In Tam to become Prime Minister of Cambodia. On April 2, 1974, he became one of four members of an executive board composed, in addition to <mask>, of Lon Nol, Sisowath Sirik Matak and General Sosthene Fernandez.On April 8, 1975, he attempted unsuccessfully to negotiate a peace settlement in Bangkok with representatives of the Khmer Rouge. Arrest and execution
<mask> remained in office until the Khmer Rouge captured Phnom Penh on April 17, 1975. US Ambassador John Gunther Dean

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 recalls that, unlike many government officials who fled Phnom Penh, <mask> chose to remain behind despite being on a death list announced from Beijing by Norodom Sihanouk:

<mask> refused to be evacuated. He was a competent, able man, much younger than Lon Nol or Sirik Matak. When I personally went to see him on April 12, the very morning of our evacuation, to ask him to take his wife and himself and his young children out of Phnom Penh because I feared for his safety, he thanked me but [said he] thought his life was not in danger. General Sak Sutsakhan recalled that on the morning of April 17 <mask> decided to take his family and leave the city. Both General Sak and the journalist Jon Swain reported that <mask> and his family were unable to board the last helicopter flying out of the city.In his memoir, Danger Zones, Ambassador Dean stated that:

<mask> had stayed in Cambodia, thinking that he could have some kind of dialogue with the Khmer Rouge. When he realized that that was impossible, he raced to the airport with his family in a jeep to try and get out of the country. When they arrived at the airport, they got on a helicopter with some military officers. One officer brutally shoved him off the helicopter. The copter took off. The Khmer Rouge captured <mask> and his family and killed them all. <mask>ret was last seen by Jon Swain, Sydney Schanberg and Dith Pran outside the French Embassy.Swain reported:

...a black Citroën pulled up and <mask> got out, his eyes puffy and red, his face empty of expression. When we asked him how he was, he muttered a short, incoherent sentence. His thoughts were elsewhere. Dazed, legs wobbling, he surrendered to the Khmer Rouge and joined the line of prisoners. I could not fail to admire his courage. Schanberg gave a more detailed description of the scene:

<mask> arrives in a car driven by his wife...he looks wretched. His eyes are puffed.He stares at the ground. He...knows what faces him. I want to get away but I feel

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 I must say something to him, and Pran understands. I take <mask>'s hands and tell him what a brave thing he has done for his country and that I admire him for it. Pran takes his hands too...<mask>ret tries to respond but cannot. Finally he mumbles 'Thank you.' And we must leave him.Soon after, Koy Thuon, a Khmer Rouge deputy front commander, organized the "Committee for Wiping Out Enemies" at the Hotel Monorom (). Its first action was ordering the immediate execution of Lon Nol and other leading government figures. <mask> was executed on the grounds of the Cercle Sportif in Phnom Penh. Khmer Rouge Radio subsequently reported that he had been beheaded but other reports indicate that he and Sisowath Sirik Matak were executed by firing squad. Key dates
Dec. 9, 1973 – <mask> becomes Prime Minister of the Khmer Republic: Dec. 9, 1973—April 17, 1975

April 1, 1974 – The High Political Council that dissolved a day earlier was replaced by a four-man executive council: Lon Nol, Sirik Matak, <mask> and General Sosthene Fernandez. June 17, 1974 – <mask> forms a new 16-member Cabinet. March 11, 1975 – President Lon Nol orders Prime Minister <mask> to form a new cabinet and eliminates the post of commander-in-chief of the armed forces.April 8, 1975 – PM <mask> holds unsuccessful peace talks with Khmer Rouge representatives in Bangkok. April 17, 1975 – <mask> surrenders to the Khmer Rouge in front of the French Embassy and is executed the same day. References

External links
LA CONSTRUCTION DU CAMBODGE EN DEBAT (1954-1959)
Interview with John Gunther Dean on his experience as US Ambassador to Cambodia, 1974-75. BBC News, "US Pulls Out of Cambodia," April 12, 1975. 20th-century Cambodian politicians
Khmer Republic
Executed prime ministers
People of the Vietnam War
People from Kandal province
1975 deaths
Executed Cambodian people
People executed by the Khmer Rouge
1933 births
Prime Ministers of Cambodia
Foreign ministers of Cambodia
Cambodian anti-communists
Cambodian

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<mask><mask>  FMedSci FRCOphth FRCS FACS VR (born 14 November 1966) is a British ophthalmologist who has led pioneering work in the treatment of blindness caused by diseases of the retina. He is Professor of Ophthalmology at the University of Oxford and Honorary Professor of Ophthalmology at the UCL Institute of Ophthalmology. He is a Consultant Ophthalmologist at the Oxford Eye Hospital and an Honorary Consultant Ophthalmologist at the Great Ormond Street Hospital. He is also an Honorary Consultant Vitreo-retinal Surgeon at the Moorfields Eye Hospital. MacLaren is an NIHR Senior Investigator, or lead researcher, for the speciality of Ophthalmology. In addition, he is a member of the research committee of Euretina: the European Society of Retina specialists, Fellow of Merton College, in Oxford and a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy. Early life

<mask> was born on 14 November 1966, at Epsom in Surrey.His father was a photographer, which prompted an early interest in optics. MacLaren was educated and trained at the University of Edinburgh Medical School, from 1985 to 1990, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Medicine (MB) and a Bachelor of Surgery (ChB). Dr. MacLaren then earned an academic doctorate, between 1992 and 1995, at the University of Oxford, where the PhD is known as a DPhil. The doctorate was for his work on optic-nerve regeneration. As an undergraduate, he also attended courses at Yale University, in the United States. Ophthalmology
MacLaren was appointed Professor of Ophthalmology at the University of Oxford in March 2009. In February of the same year, he was made Honorary Professor of Ophthalmology at the UCL Institute of Ophthalmology.He has been a Fellow of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists (FRCOphth) since June 2003. MacLaren is a professor in the Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology (NLO), the academic ophthalmology outstation of

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. MacLaren
Robert MacLaren


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 Oxford University's Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, which is part of the Medical Sciences Division and based in the John Radcliffe Hospital. MacLaren is described as 'one of the stars' of the developing inter-disciplinary field of ophthalmic translational medicine (TM). This combines practical skills in eye surgery with clinical academic application in research, to investigate the diseases of the eye 'from bench to bedside': aiming to improve patient outcomes, at least by arresting or slowing the progress of a disease, or – ideally – by reversing the effects, partially or totally. Once the processes of the diseases are understood, new surgical technologies are furthering the options for a surgical solution and new ophthalmic technologies have created a variety of implants, such as electronic retinal devices for prosthesis. Furthermore, the enhanced precision of surgery allows additional interventions, with the application of gene therapy and stem-cell therapy to retinal dystrophies (inherited conditions). Surgery

MacLaren has been a Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon for the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (OUH) since March 2009.His surgical work is based largely at the Oxford Eye Hospital and the Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology [NLO], both located within the John Radcliffe Hospital, on Headington Hill in Oxford. He has also been Honorary Consultant Vitreoretinal Surgeon at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, in London, since May 2006. He has been a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSEd) since July 1998 and was awarded their annual King James IV Professorship in 2007. He is one of the first surgeons in the world to have made a successful retinal implant for visual prosthesis, sometimes described as creating: a 'bionic eye'. He is also a pioneer in robot-assisted surgery for ophthalmic operations.


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 Key events of his work at the Moorfields and John Radcliffe hospitals include:

2007 World's First Retinal Gene-Therapy Surgery
MacLaren was the assistant surgeon to (Professor) James Bainbridge and helped perform the world's first retinal gene therapy treatment. The operation was carried out at Moorfields in London.The patient was Mr. <mask>, a young man with Leber's Congenital Amaurosis (LCA). A faulty gene in the pigment layer, RPE65, prevented his photoreceptor cells from working, so a valid copy of the gene was implanted in one eye to 'patch' the blind-spot and restore function. The delicate operation required passing a needle through the eye, to lift the retina and insert the new gene-copy in the pigment layer. 2011 Choroideremia Gene Therapy Trial
This trial was funded by the Health Innovation Challenge Fund and the Oxford (OUH) BRC. It addressed the progress of the disease choroideremia, or choroideraemia, in which a faulty gene, CHM, leads to a loss of REP1 protein, affecting the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and causing progressive loss of vision. On 24 November 2011, Mr. Jonathan Wyatt, a Bristol barrister, received a 'good copy' of the REP1 gene, administered through an adeno-associated virus (AAV) – serotype 2 (AAV2) – as a vector, in fluid under the retina. By 2016, the results of the trial appeared both 'promising and lasting' and further work was authorised, with a view to seeing whether the process could eventually be applied to more common conditions, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD).2012/2015 Electronic Retinal Implant Trials
These trials, funded by the NIHR and the Oxford (OUH) BRC, tested the ability of an electronic retina to replace a retina that has become damaged, a development common in patients with the hereditary condition retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The implants were developed by German company Retina Implant AG.


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 The devices also require a power-plant to be inserted behind the ear, in the manner of a cochlear implant. The pilot-trial of 22 March 2012 tested the Alpha IMS device. The supporting power-plant procedure was carried out by surgeon Mr. James Ramsden with Mr. Markus Groppe. The main operation was undertaken, at Oxford, by MacLaren with Mr. Tim Jackson, consultant surgeon at Kings College Hospital. The patient was Chris James, a council-worker from Wiltshire.MacLaren suggested that if the trial were successful, an electronic retina could become standard for patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). He warned that current devices were not suitable to treat age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diseases of the optic-nerve, such as glaucoma. The following week, Mr. Jackson, with Prof. MacLaren, operated on Robin Millar, a music-producer,
in London; another four UK patients also received the device during that year. On 8 June 2015, the improved Alpha AMS device was implanted in the first patient, again with MacLaren carrying out the procedure, in Oxford. 2016 Robot-Assisted Surgery Trial
In the past, retinal diseases of the eye could be monitored to microscopic level – using laser scanners and microscopes – but interventions were not possible because the delicate nature of the eye meant that surgical operations were beyond the physiological limits of the human hand. On 9 September 2016, operating at the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford, MacLaren and Dr. Thomas Edwards performed the world's first robot-assisted operation inside the eye. The patient was the Rev.Dr. William Beaver, a local priest. This operation was described as the 'R2D2 Trial', because it was testing the safety and efficacy of the Robotic Retinal-Dissection Device (R2D2), developed by Dutch firm Preceyes BV (pronounced: precise!). The operation involved lifting off a damaged membrane, 100th


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 millimetre thick, from the retina, at the back of the eye; the robot's tolerance, however, would have allowed work to 1000th millimetre. The operation proved the efficacy of the new technologies available, allowing the possibility of exploiting their potential to new scientific and a medical ends: MacLaren said that with robotic systems, a whole new chapter of eye surgery had just begun. 2017 X-linked Retinitis Pigmentosa Gene Therapy Trial
Mutations in the X-linked RPGR gene are the most common cause of severe sight loss in retinitis pigmentosa. The RPGR gene contains a highly repetitive sequence of purine bases in the DNA with a large section comprising almost exclusively Guanine or Adenine nucleotides, which made it very difficult to clone it for gene therapy. Using a form of gene editing known as codon-optimisation, MacLaren and members of his research team were able to engineer a stable version of RPGR that was expressed highly efficiently in an AAV vector.This led to the first gene therapy trial for X-linked retinitis pigmentosa sponsored by Nightstar and with MacLaren as the surgeon. Research
The Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (OxBRC) is, as evidenced by NIHR funding allocation, one of England and the UK's leading centres for medical research. It is sometimes styled 'Oxford (OUH) NIHR BRC' since the establishment of a second BRC in Oxford: the Oxford Health NIHR BRC. The OxBRC's NHS Host is the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, where Mr. MacLaren is a Consultant Ophthalmologist and its Academic Partner is the University of Oxford, where MacLaren is also Professor of Ophthalmology. Additionally, in 2016, the NIHR appointed MacLaren to be a senior investigator, or lead researcher, for the speciality of ophthalmology. Between March 2001 and April 2006, Dr. MacLaren was a Resident Clinical Research Fellow at the Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS


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 Trust, in London. He was then a faculty member and a founding research-theme leader in the Moorfields – UCL Institute of Ophthalmology Biomedical Research Centre, which was then the specialist BRC for Ophthalmology.His current clinical and laboratory research efforts focus on the forms of blindness which are to date incurable. By understanding the causes of retinal degeneration, it may be possible to slow, arrest or ameliorate the processes. The ultimate aim is then to reverse such effects and to restore working vision. The research efforts concentrate on two areas of the eye in particular: the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and the photoreceptors. The NLO Clinical Ophthalmology Research Group ('the MacLaren Group') is looking at replacement methods for each, and for both, to improve patient outcomes. Electronic retinal implants have already been trialled to treat retinitis pigmentosa, and trials are now being conducted to treat choroideremia through gene-therapy: implanting missing or faulty genes to correct retinal dystrophies (inherited conditions). As well as retinal issues, research is undertaken to improve outcomes for conditions relating to the lens and to the optic nerve, such as improved intra-ocular lenses (IOL) for cataract operations and therapies for glaucoma.Teaching

In addition to his other duties, MacLaren has a full programme of teaching and tutoring. He is formally qualified, with a Postgraduate Diploma in Learning and Teaching in Higher Education (PGDipLATHE) from 2006. He has been a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy since June 2003. As a Bodley Fellow – the active staff of the college – at Merton, since October 2007, he is a stipendiary lecturer in human anatomy. He has held weekly tutorials in medical sciences for undergraduates since 1992: anatomy, genetics and cell biology for Year 1, and neuroanatomy and visual neuroscience for


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 year 2; third year FHS topics relate to gene therapy, stem cells or visual neuroscience. As a mentor at the Academy of Medical Sciences, he supervises clinical academics. He also supervises junior doctors training in ophthalmic surgery and DPhil research students.Business
In 2014, with Oxford University, he co-founded the private bio-technology company NightstaRx Ltd., also known Nightstar, in which he remains a director, and which is based at the offices of the Wellcome Trust in London. The technology spin-out was developed with Oxford Innovation, Ltd. and Syncona Ltd. and the clinical-stage company now is backed by Syncona, NEA venture capital and Oxford Science Equity-Management (OSEM). The company has received four rounds of funding, including its IPO on NASDAQ in September 2017. Military

MacLaren is also a commissioned officer in Group A – the units intended for operational service – of the Territorial Army, now Army Reserve, of the British Army. As a qualified doctor, he served as a Medical Officer (MO) in the Royal Army Medical Corps. He achieved the rank of major. MacLaren was posted to the Honourable Artillery Company (HAC) and, in due course, became the Surgeon-Major: the Regimental Medical Officer (RMO).The term Surgeon-Major applied to all the unit's RMOs, most of whom were in General Practice (GP), and it was coincidental that Major MacLaren was primarily an occupational surgeon. Major MacLaren also served as locum RMO to the Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment, at Knightsbridge in London. In addition to serving as an RMO, Major MacLaren volunteered for an operational tour, in the former Yugoslavia, engaged in the field of military medicine, as part of 1st Mechanised Brigade, with case-work based more on occupational injury and trauma medicine, rather than disease and genetics. Having served as a member of the Volunteer Reserves for more than a


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 decade, Major MacLaren, RAMC qualifies for the post-nominals: VR. Family life
<mask>n is married with three children: two boys and a girl. He is the grandson of the lawyer <mask> Newbery MC, great-great grandson of the Victorian actor/playwright James Roland MacLaren and great-great-great grandson of the engineer Sampson Moore. Honours and awards
(partial)
2005: Royal Society of Medicine prize meeting in ophthalmology.2005: Oxford Ophthalmological Congress Founder's Cup and medal. 2007: Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSEd) King James IV 'Professorship' – a surgery prize with the courtesy title of professor for a year: this award was the first to be designated for ophthalmology. 2013: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Foundation for Eye Research: Pfizer Ophthalmics-sponsored award in memory of Dr. Carl B. Camras for work on Translational Research (TR), or 'Pfizer Camras Transitional Research Award'. 2018: Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences

Publications
(partial)
Medical Textbook

Papers

*
*
*

Media
press and broadcast articles on MacLaren or his work:
(partial)
2011.10.28: BBC: gene therapy surgery – patient interview (PT: Mr. Jonathan Wyatt). (Pallab Ghosh – science)
2012.05.03: BBC: electronic retinal surgery – patient interview (PT: Mr. Chris James). (Fergus Walsh)
2012:gene therapy for blindness
2013.01.06: BBC: stem cell research – work on blind mice. (James Gallagher – health & science)
2014.01.15: Sky: gene therapy for blindness (Thomas Moore – health & science)
2014.01.16: BBC: gene therapy – patient interview (PT: Mr. Jonathan Wyatt).(Pallab Ghosh – science)
2014-01-31: EP Vantage: on Syncona's $20 M investment in NightstaRx. 2014-04-28: BioCentury: NightstaRx: correcting choroideremia. (Kai-Jye Lou)
2016-05-04: Leatherhead local press: gene therapy – patient interview, local school history-teacher

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<mask> (born 4 March 1970) is a Spanish former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. In 1992 he became the first Spaniard to win a 500cc Grand Prix and, in 1999 he became the first Spaniard to win the 500cc World Championship. Biography
<mask> was born in Barcelona, Cataluña, Spain. He falsified his age in order to start racing at 14 in 1985, the minimum age for a license being 15 in Spain. In that year he won the Criterium Solo Moto, a national series for 75 cc Honda streetbikes. 80cc career

Derbi (1987–1988)
1987

<mask> started his international career in the now-defunct 80cc World Championship with the Derbi team. At his debut race in the class, he immediately impressed by qualifying third on Saturday and taking second place, as well as the fastest lap, on Sunday in Spain.He then participated in two more races, the Dutch and Portuguese rounds, where he qualified fifth and second respectively, but retired from both of them. <mask> finished eleventh in the championship with 12 points, 117 points behind the champion Jorge Martínez and 74 points behind runner-up Manuel Herreros. 1988

In 1988, <mask> continued to impress. In the Spanish and Expo grands prix, he finished third two consecutive times, taking the fastest lap on the first race. At the Nations round, he finished just off the podium in fourth but scored a second place podium in Germany. In the Netherlands, he retired but finished on a high note by taking two more third place podium finishes in Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. <mask> finished second in the championship with 90 points, 47 points behind the champion Jorge Martínez.125cc career

Derbi (1988)
1988
Besides the 80cc, Crivillé

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 also raced in the 125cc class, predominantly the races that were not held in the 80cc class. At the Belgian GP, he retired. At the British round, he scored his first points by finishing ninth but failed to score any more points when he retired from the Swedish race and only finished seventeenth at the Czechoslovak grand prix. <mask> finished thirty first in the championship with 7 points, 190 points behind the champion Jorge Martínez and 161 points behind runner-up Ezio Gianola. JJ Cobas (1989)
1989

For the 1989 season, <mask> moved to the JJ Cobas team of grand prix mechanic and constructor Antonio Cobas. While the team opted to skip the opening round in Japan, <mask> scored back-to-back wins in Australia and Spain, scoring his first ever podium in the latter. He retired at the Nations GP but took the fastest lap.Another win followed at round five in Germany, with a third place (and fastest lap) in Austria and a second place in the Netherlands as well. Another retirement followed at the Belgian GP, but <mask> responded with two consecutive second places in France and Great Britain and two poles in the last two races in Sweden and Czechoslovakia, which he went on to win. <mask> won the championship with 166 points to Spaan's 152, with Ezio Gianola third with 138 points. He clinched his first, and only, 125cc title. 250cc career

Yamaha (1990)
1990

In 1990, he stepped up to the 250 cc class to race for Giacomo Agostini's team. <mask> skipped the opening round in Japan for the second successive year, and started his year with a retirement in the United States. At the next round in Spain, he finished seventh, before recording another

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 retirement in the Nations race.He finished eleventh in Germany but went on to score yet another retirement in Austria. He finished in seventh position in Yugoslavia but went on to register back-to-back retirements at the Dutch and Belgian rounds. <mask> finished the season on a high note by scoring a flurry of points on the closing rounds - eighth in France and Great Britain, ninth in Sweden, seventh in Czechoslovakia, his season best result of fifth in Hungary and sixth in Australia. <mask> finished eleventh in the championship with 76 points, 147 points behind the champion John Kocinski and 132 points behind runner-up Carlos Cardús. JJ Cobas (1991)
1991

After a lackluster season in Yamaha in 1990, <mask> went back to the JJ Cobas team for 1991. He did not start the season well, retiring twice in Japan and Australia. Only at round three in the United States did <mask> score his first points with an eighth-place finish.Two more retirements followed in Spain and Italy, with seventh and ninth-place finishes in Germany and Austria. Back-to-back retirements followed once again at the European and Dutch rounds. In France, <mask> finished seventh, two more retirements followed in Great Britain and San Marino. He scored his season best result of fifth at the Czechoslovak grand prix, retired again at the Vitesse du Mans round - his ninth retirement of the year - and finished sixth at the final round in Malaysia. <mask> finished thirteenth in the championship with 51 points, 186 points behind the champion Luca Cadalora and 169 points behind runner-up Helmut Bradl. He recorded nine DNFs - the highest amount in his career - and never managed to


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 finish a race on the podium or win in his two years in the 250cc class. 500cc career

Honda (1992–2001)
1992

<mask> moved up to the 500cc class after two seasons in the 250cc in which he struggled, joining the newly formed Pons Racing team for the 1992 season.Initially he retired on the opening round in Japan, but scored his first points at the second race in Australia with a seventh-place finish. In only his third race in the class, he took his first podium at the Malaysian grand prix, behind Mick Doohan and Wayne Rainey. At the next race in Spain, he registered his first retirement but scored more points by finishing eighth in Italy. Another retirement followed in Europe, but <mask> finished off the podium in fourth after battling with Wayne Gardner for third at the German round. At the Dutch GP, <mask> made history by winning the race, becoming the first ever Spaniard to win a race in the 500cc class. After a battle with John Kocinski and Alex Barros in the final few laps, <mask> managed to stay ahead and cross the line 0.762 seconds ahead of Kocinski. After his win in Assen, his low point came at the next round in Hungary.<mask> was disqualified because he pitted to switch bikes on a drying track, something that was not allowed at the time. Two more retirements followed at the French and British rounds, with a sixth and seventh-place finish in Brazil and South Africa respectively. <mask> finished eighth in the championship with 59 points, 81 points behind the champion Wayne Rainey and 77 points behind runner-up Mick Doohan. 1993

In 1993, <mask> stayed with the Honda Pons team. In the first three races of the season - the Australian,

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 Malaysian and Japanese rounds - he finished sixth once and fifth twice. At round four in Spain, he took his first podium of the season in the form of a third place. His first retirement of the season came in Austria, followed up by a fourth place in Germany and a second third place podium finish in the Netherlands, the same venue where he won his very first race a year earlier.Three consecutive retirements followed after his third place at Assen, namely at the European, San Marino and British rounds. The final four rounds were more positive, with <mask> finishing eighth in the Czech Republic, sixth in Italy, seventh in the United States and fourth at the final race of the season, the FIM round. <mask> finished eighth in the championship with 117 points, 131 points behind the champion Kevin Schwantz and 97 points behind runner-up Wayne Rainey. 1994
For the 1994 season, <mask> moved to the Factory Honda team, riding alongside Mick Doohan and Shinichi Ito. He became the first Spanish rider to ride for the Factory Honda team. <mask> started the season off well by taking an array of points in the opening rounds - sixth in Australia, eighth in Malaysia, seventh in Japan and fifth in Spain. However, he stood in the shadow of Doohan because he already had won two races and an additional second-place podium.At the fifth round of the season in Austria, <mask> scored his first podium of the season in the form of third place. At the German round, he finished fourth but took another third-place podium in the Netherlands. His first retirement arrived at the Italy but took his third and final podium of the year at the French GP. Further points came at the

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 next two rounds in Great Britain and the Czech Republic in the form of sixth and fourth-place finishes. He did not start the United States grand prix due to a hand injury he sustained during practice. At the final two rounds - the Argentine and European rounds - he finished seventh and fourth. <mask> finished sixth in the championship with 144 points, 173 points behind the champion and teammate Mick Doohan and 30 points behind runner-up Luca Cadalora.1995

<mask> stayed with the Factory Honda team, who now found a new major sponsor: Repsol. He started off the season well, taking back-to-back podiums in the form of third-place finishes, at the opening round in Australia and at the second race in Malaysia. In Japan, he retired for the first time this season whilst his teammate Mick Doohan took second place. In Spain he went on to take another third-place podium. In Germany, he finished off the podium in fourth and at the Italy he finished fifth, whilst teammate Doohan won the race. At round seven in the Netherlands, <mask> took his first-ever 500cc pole position on Saturday. On Sunday, he battled hard with teammate Doohan and Alberto Puig in the closing stages of the race.On the last lap, <mask> overtook Puig by outbreaking him, moving him from third up to second. However, <mask> was never able to attack Doohan and thus he crossed the line, 0.114 behind him. After his second-place podium finish in Assen, <mask> retired once more in France. In Great Britain, he took his fourth third-place finish of the year. Further points came at the following rounds in the Czech Republic, Rio de Janeiro (sixth on both occasions) and Argentina, where he


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 finished fourth. After his teammate Doohan already had clinched the title in Buenos Aires, <mask> won the last race of the season out in Europe, which was held at the Circuit de Barcelona-Cataluña|Circuito de Cataluña or his 'backyard'. On Saturday, bike problems prevented <mask> from posting a proper lap time with his main bike and he was forced to switch to his less optimal alternative one, pushing him back to seventh position whilst teammates Doohan started second and sixth on the grid.On Sunday, he moved up from seventh to fourth as the race went on. When he overtook another rider for third, he passed the grandstands where Spanish fans were cheering him on, shouting "Crivi, Crivi, Crivi!" in the process. After overtaking Loris Capirossi for then second place, he hunt down first place Carlos Checa who was suffering from tyre wear. While <mask> was closing down the gap, Checa slid out of contention when his tyres gave up, gifting the lead to the Catalan. However, <mask> himself began to suffer from the same tyre wear problems in the closing laps, allowing teammate Shinichi Ito and Capirossi to close the gap. On the final lap, Ito tried to attack but <mask> defended by outbreaking him.A second attack followed at turn 10, the "La Caixa" corner, with Ito taking the lead, running wide and so giving it back to Crivillé. <mask> eventually crossed the line 0.160 seconds ahead of Ito, becoming the first Catalan to win on home soil. <mask> finished fourth in the championship with 166 points, 82 points behind the champion and teammate Mick Doohan and 49 points behind runner-up Daryl Beattie. 1996

With <mask> performing well in 1995, expectations

masks: Crivillé Crivillé Crivillé Crivillé Crivillé Crivillé Crivillé Crivillé


texts: were high in 1996. Initially he retired on the opening round in Malaysia and had only finished fourth in Indonesia whilst teammate Mick Doohan won the race. However, at the Japanese race, he took his first pole of the season on Saturday and finished second on Sunday. In Spain however, he recorded his second retirement of the year.Initially taking the lead of the race from polesitter and teammate Doohan, as well as Luca Cadalora (who had a better start and thus led into turn one), Crivillé pulled a gap after a short battle with Cadalora, who's tyres began to fade. <mask> then led for much of the race but Doohan was closing in at the final laps. On the last lap, spectators who already thought the race had ended, invaded the track around turn nine (the "Curva Àngel Nieto"), distracting Crivillé enough to allow Doohan to get back right on his tail going into the last couple of corners. Going into the last hairpin before the start-finish straight, Doohan went to the inside, going side-by-side with Crivillé. The pair did not touch, but <mask> lost the rear whilst trying to accelerate, highsiding out of contention on the very last corner of the race, allowing Doohan to win the race as a result. After Jerez however, <mask> responded well by scoring three consecutive second-place finishes. In Italy, he battled with teammate Mick Doohan for much of the race but ultimately came short and finished 0.726 seconds behind the Australian.<mask> did take the fastest lap, his first of the year. In France, he took another pole position on Saturday but once again lost out to Doohan on Sunday, but managing to score back-to-back fastest laps in the process. In

masks: Crivillé Crivillé Crivillé Crivillé