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 countless editions ever since. The book contains artful prose summaries of some of Shakespeare's most well-loved works. According to <mask>, he worked primarily on Shakespeare's tragedies, while Mary focused mainly on the comedies. <mask>'s essay "On the Tragedies of Shakespeare Considered with Reference to their Fitness for Stage Representation", which was originally published in the Reflector in 1811 with the title "On Garrick, and Acting; and the Plays of Shakspeare, considered with reference to their fitness for Stage Representation", has often been taken as the ultimate Romantic dismissal of the theatre.In the essay, <mask> argues that Shakespeare should be read, rather than performed, in order to protect Shakespeare from butchering by mass commercial performances. While the essay certainly criticises contemporary stage practice, it also develops a more complex reflection on the possibility of representing Shakespearean dramas:

Shakespeare’s dramas are for <mask> the object of a complex cognitive process that does not require sensible data, but only imaginative elements that are suggestively elicited by words. In the altered state of consciousness that the dreamlike experience of reading stands for, <mask> can see Shakespeare’s own conceptions mentally materialized. Besides contributing to Shakespeare's reception with his and his sister's book Tales From Shakespeare, <mask> also contributed to the recovery of acquaintance with Shakespeare's contemporaries. Accelerating the increasing interest of the time in the older writers, and building for himself a reputation as

masks: Lamb Lamb Lamb Lamb Lamb Lamb


type: original

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 an antiquarian, in 1808 <mask> compiled a collection of extracts from the old dramatists, Specimens of the English Dramatic Poets Who Lived About the Time of Shakespeare. This also contained critical "characters" of the old writers, which added to the flow of significant literary criticism, primarily of Shakespeare and his contemporaries, from <mask>'s pen. Immersion in seventeenth-century authors, such as Robert Burton and Sir Thomas Browne, also changed the way <mask> wrote, adding a distinct flavour to his writing style.<mask>'s friend the essayist William Hazlitt thus characterised him: "Mr. <mask> ... does not march boldly along with the crowd .... He prefers bye-ways to highways. When the full tide of human life pours along to some festive show, to some pageant of a day, Elia would stand on one side to look over an old book-stall, or stroll down some deserted pathway in search of a pensive description over a tottering doorway, or some quaint device in architecture, illustrative of embryo art and ancient manners. Mr. <mask> has the very soul of an antiquarian ...."

Although he did not write his first Elia essay until 1820, <mask>'s gradual perfection of the essay form for which he eventually became famous began as early as 1811 in a series of open letters to Leigh Hunt's Reflector. The most famous of these early essays is "The Londoner", in which <mask> famously derides the contemporary fascination with nature and the countryside. He would continue to fine-tune his craft, experimenting with different essayistic voices and personae, for the better part of the next

masks: Lamb Lamb Lamb Lamb Lamb Lamb Lamb Lamb


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 quarter century. Religious views
Christianity played an important role in <mask>'s personal life: although he was not a churchman he "sought consolation in religion,"<ref>Biography: <mask> 1775–1834, The Poetry Foundation: </ref> as shown in letters he wrote to Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Bernard Barton in which he describes the New Testament as his "best guide" for life and recalls how he used to read the Psalms for one or two hours without getting tired.Other writings also deal with his Christian beliefs.E.V. Lucas. The Works of Charles and Mary Lamb, Volume 2 Like his friend Coleridge, <mask> was sympathetic to Priestleyan Unitarianism and was a Dissenter, and he was described by Coleridge himself as one whose "faith in Jesus ha[d] been preserved" even after the family tragedy. Wordsworth also described him as a firm Christian in the poem "Written After the Death of <mask>", Alfred Ainger, in his work <mask>, writes that <mask>'s religion had become "an habit". <mask>'s own poems "On The Lord's Prayer", "A Vision of Repentance", "The Young Catechist", "Composed at Midnight", "Suffer Little Children, and Forbid Them Not to Come Unto Me", "Written a Twelvemonth After the Events", "Charity", "Sonnet to a Friend" and "David" express his religious faith, while his poem "Living Without God in the World" has been called a "poetic attack" on unbelief, in which <mask> expresses his disgust at atheism, attributing it to pride. Legacy
There has always been a small but enduring following for <mask>'s works, as the long-running and still-active Charles Lamb Bulletin demonstrates.

masks:
Lamb
Charles Lamb
Lamb
Charles Lamb
Charles Lamb
Lamb
Lamb
Lamb
Lamb


texts: Because of his quirky, even bizarre, style, he has been more of a "cult favourite" than an author with mass popular or scholarly appeal.Anne Fadiman notes regretfully that <mask> is not widely read in modern times: "I do not understand why so few other readers are clamoring for his company... [He] is kept alive largely through the tenuous resuscitations of university English departments.". Two of the houses at Christ's Hospital (Lamb A and Lamb B) are named in his honour. and he is also honoured by The Latymer School, a grammar school in Edmonton, a suburb of London where he lived for a time: it has six houses, one of which, <mask>, is named after him. A major academic prize awarded each year at Christ's Hospital School's speech day is "The Lamb Prize for Independent Study". Sir Edward Elgar wrote an orchestral work, Dream Children, inspired by <mask>'s essay of that title. A quotation from <mask>, "Lawyers, I suppose, were children once",' serves as the epigraph to Harper Lee's novel To Kill a Mockingbird. The <mask> pub in Islington is named after him.<mask> plays an important role in the plot of Mary Ann Shaffer and Annie Barrows's novel, The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society.Selected worksBlank Verse, poems, 1798A Tale of Rosamund Gray, and Old Blind Margaret, 1798John Woodvil, verse drama, 1802Tales from Shakespeare, 1807The Adventures of Ulysses, 1808Specimens of English Dramatic Poets who Lived About the Time of Shakespeare, 1808On the Tragedies of Shakespeare, 1811Witches and Other Night Fears, 1821The Pawnbroker's Daughter, 1825Eliana, 1867Essays of

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Lamb
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Charles Lamb


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 Elia, 1823The Last Essays of Elia, 1833

Notes

Biographical referencesLife of <mask>, by E.V. Lucas, G.P. Putman & Sons, London, 1905, revised editions 1907 and 1921.<mask> and the Lloyds, edited by E.V. Lucas, Smith, Elder & Company, London, 1898.<mask> and His Contemporaries, by Edmund Blunden, Cambridge University Press, 1933.Companion to <mask>, by Claude Prance, Mansell Publishing, London, 1938.<mask>; A Memoir, by Barry Cornwall aka Bryan Procter, Edward Moxon, London, 1866.Young <mask>, by Winifred Courtney, New York University Press, 1982.A Portrait of <mask>, by David Cecil, Constable, London, 1983.<mask>, by George Barnett, Twayne Publishers, Boston, 1976.A Double Life: A Biography of <mask> and <mask>, by Sarah Burton, Viking, 1993.The Lambs: Their Lives, Their Friends, and Their Correspondence, by William Carew Hazlitt, C. Scribner's Sons, 1897.Dream-Child: A Life of Charles Lamb'' by Eric G. Wilson, Yale University Press, 2022. External links

Charles Lamb Facebook page
Online catalog of Charles Lamb's personal library, online at LibraryThing
Charles Lamb at the National Portrait Gallery, London
The Lambs, Inc., History

 Charles Lamb Collection. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. The Charles Lamb Society Page for The Charles Lamb Society, including information on Charles and Mary Lamb

1775 births
1834 deaths
English children's writers
English essayists
People from the City of London
Romanticism
People educated at Christ's Hospital
English letter writers
Writers from London
Writers with disabilities
English Christians
People from

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Charles Lamb
Charles Lamb
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Charles Lamb
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Charles Lamb
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Mary Lamb


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<mask> (};  born 28 December 1978) is an English television personality, model, actress and columnist who emerged into the public eye in 2006 when she appeared as a contestant in the seventh series of reality television show Big Brother. Early life

<mask> was born in London on 28 December 1978. Her parents were Sophia Horgan and Steve Wallace. Career
Horgan-Wallace began her career as an actress. In 2006, she had a small non-speaking part in the film Rollin' with the Nines. 2006: Big Brother
Horgan-Wallace became a tabloid celebrity in the United Kingdom after being selected as a contestant in Big Brother 2006, the seventh series of the Channel 4 reality television show 'Big Brother. She entered the Big Brother House on Day 12 of the show and became known for her personality clashes with fellow contestants Nikki Grahame and Grace Adams-Short (although she later became good friends with the former until Grahame's death in April 2021); she was voted into the "House Next Door" by the public——a secret room, unknown to the other contestants, where she was forced to choose whom of five new contestants would become new housemates.She was filmed masturbating on the lavatory, although this footage was not broadcast at the time. Horgan-Wallace reached the final day of the show, where she eventually finished third with 22% of the public vote. 2007–present: Transitions into television work

Since 2007, Horgan-Wallace has been a frequent guest on the Big Brother spin-off shows Big Brother's Big Mouth, Big Brother's Little Brother and, since the show's move to Channel 5 in 2011, Big Brother's Bit on the Side. She also put her name to Big Brother columns for The Sun Online. Horgan-Wallace has appeared in a number of episodes of Charlie Brooker's Screenwipe. She has also presented for shows such as T4. She appeared in BBC One's Test The Nation, on a team with several other Big Brother

masks:
Aisleyne Horgan Wallace
Aisleyne Horgan Wallace


texts: contestants.She also made a small appearance on The Charlotte Church Show. She appeared in several episodes of the Red TV series Celebrity: Stars at Work, which aired in December 2007 and January 2008. Following on from this, Horgan-Wallace signed a  contract with Red TV to film a self-titled, fly-on-the-wall documentary. Four episodes of the resulting programme, named eponymously Aisleyne, were broadcast, the first being aired on 5 March 2008. In June 2008, Horgan-Wallace made a guest appearance on a special edition of The Friday Night Project, which aired after the launch of Big Brother 2008, the ninth series of Big Brother. Her contributions to the show included a sketch that mocked her rivalry with former housemate Nikki Grahame. In August 2008, she made a brief cameo appearance in The Kevin Bishop Show.Two months later she cameoed in Channel 4 and E4's horror series Dead Set, playing herself. She featured in the first and the fifth episodes In the first episode, she played a zombie version of herself. On 2 March 2009, Horgan-Wallace underwent a 'make-under' for the BBC Three programme Snog, Marry, Avoid?, presented by Jenny Frost. She was persuaded that a more natural look with less heavy make-up suited her. In May 2009, she was interviewed for the E4/CH4 programme Big Brother: A Decade in the Headlines, written and presented by Grace Dent. In March 2010, Horgan-Wallace appeared as a guest diner on the Living TV programme, Celebrity Restaurant in Our Living Room. In August 2010, she turned down an offer to appear in Ultimate Big Brother in order to shoot her scenes for a minor role in the British comedy film Anuvahood instead.She played the role of Maria in the film. Anuvahood was released in the UK on 18 March 2011 but was not a success. On 5 May 2011 she starred in an episode of Celebrity Hens and Stags for Wedding TV. She helped organise a stag night in Edinburgh,


texts: including racing in an off-road buggy, which later was involved in a hit and run incident in Leith. In June 2011, she appeared as a contestant in the TV3 (Ireland) series Celebrity Salon. She finished runner-up behind a TV presenter called Alan Hughes. In January 2012, Horgan-Wallace appeared in the third series of the Channel 4 show Celebrity Coach Trip, alongside fellow Big Brother contestant Nikki Grahame.The pair were given a 'red card' and dismissed from the show on Day 3 of the series after falling out with other celebrities, including Edwina Currie and Jean Broke-Smith. From December 2012, she became a regular guest on the Loaded TV chat show, Looser Women Live, a programme regularly hosted by her friend, the model and fellow reality TV star, Nicola McLean. She plays the character of Jasmine in a low-budget British horror movie, Serial Killer, which was filmed in April and May 2013. On 11 February 2015, Horgan-Wallace appeared as a 'claimant' on the ITV daytime show Judge Rinder, in a case against her fellow former BB7 contestant Michael Cheshire, alleging an unpaid debt; she won her case. She appeared on the Channel 5 show Celebrity Botched Up Bodies on 6 October 2016, regarding her dental veneers. On 25 March 2017, she appeared as a contributor in the Channel 5 show When Celebrity Goes Horribly Wrong and a week later she was featured in the Channel 4 programme How'd You Get So Rich? presented by famous Canadian comedian Katherine Ryan, in which she discussed her acquisition of a property portfolio.Starting in 2017, Horgan-Wallace became a regular guest on ITV morning show Good Morning Britain, discussing issues of the day with other invited guests. On 12 November 2018 she appeared on Channel 4 show First Dates, where she was set up on a blind dinner date in the First Dates restaurant with Darren, a fellow Londoner. At the end of the show it was revealed the couple had


texts:
 yet to go on a second date. A week later she appeared in a feature within the Victoria Derbyshire show on BBC2 called "Brexit Blind Dates", in which opposing voices in the Brexit debate met for dinner. Horgan-Wallace, a supporter of 'Leave', debated the issue with Labour peer Professor The Lord Winston for 'Remain'. From 2019, Horgan-Wallace was a regular guest on BBC Radio 5 Live's 10 o'clock show, hosted by Sarah Brett and Rick Edwards, amongst others. Bit on the Side incident
On 22 September 2015, Horgan-Wallace appeared as a panelist on the Celebrity Big Brother's Bit on the Side after-show and got into a heated argument with fellow panelist Farrah Abraham.The show was taken off air ten minutes early after a "clash" between panellists. Abraham and Janice Dickinson were given police cautions. Horgan-Wallace was to face trial on charges of common assault and criminal damage, but according to the Daily Mirror, on 29 January 2016 the Crown Prosecution Service dropped all charges. Filmography

Films

Television

Other work
After Big Brother, Horgan-Wallace made numerous personal appearances in nightclubs around the UK. She hosted a show for the online radio station Invincible, was a guest commentator on BBC's Asian Network and made several guest appearances on Choice FM's Morning Vybe show. Horgan-Wallace worked as an 'agony aunt' for More magazine and wrote a weekly column covering Big Brother 2007 for Reveal magazine, as well as writing a daily blog on its website. She reprised this role during the airing of the programme's ninth and tenth series.In September 2007, it was announced that she had taken control of her own career via her management company, Aisleyne Ltd, along with co-director Richard Skeels. On 10 February 2008 Aisleyne released a fashion range named "Unique by Aisleyne". She worked with the "high-end" fashion distributors Unique Collections Ltd, to design and


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 produce the outfits. A complementary swimwear range was launched a few weeks later. It was announced on 24 April 2008 that Mainstream Publishing had bought the right to publish her autobiography, entitled Aisleyne: Surviving Guns, Gangs and Glamour. This book was published on 7 May 2009. The launch party held on 6 May was attended by various celebrities, including Jodie Marsh, Charlie Brooker and Nate James.On 24 and 27 March 2009, Horgan-Wallace co-hosted a radio show on SMUC Radio with Eamonn McCrystal. On 10 June 2011, Horgan-Wallace was a judge in the Miss Universe Ireland beauty contest in Dublin. In March 2014, Horgan-Wallace launched her own celebrity boot camp named Aisleyne's Booty Camp, based in a Country House near Grantham, Leicestershire. In October 2016, Horgan-Wallace launched her own fitness app titled Aisleyne 7 Minute Workout, which was released on the Apple and Android Play Store platforms. Philanthropy
Horgan-Wallace is a patron of Brain Tumour UK and acted as an ambassador for Club4Climate, an initiative based around parties in London's West End and elsewhere that aimed to prevent climate change. In 2007, she completed a London 10 kilometre run to raise money for Brain Tumour UK; she completed the same event on 6 July 2008. Horgan-Wallace has been involved with the National Health Service 'Stop Smoking' campaign in association with Cancer Research UK,  and has given her support to No Smoking Day each year since 2008.She also became involved in the "Put the Knives and Guns Down!" campaign, aimed at encouraging teenagers to get off the streets and stop shootings and stabbings. References

External links

Big Brother (British TV series) contestants
Glamour models
Living people
Fashion designers from London
British women fashion designers
Actresses from London
English television actresses
English film actresses
English columnists
English television


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<mask>, AC (born 14 August 1957), is a former Australian politician and lawyer who served as the Treasurer in the Australian Howard Government from 1996 to 2007. He is the longest-serving Treasurer in Australia's history. <mask> was a Member of the Australian House of Representatives from 1990 to 2009, representing the Division of Higgins. He also served as the Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party from 1994 to 2007. On 18 September 2008, <mask> was appointed as chairman of the World Bank's new Independent Advisory Board (IAB) to provide advice on anti-corruption measures. <mask> has served as Chairman of Nine Entertainment Co. since February 2016. <mask> is Chairman of the Board of Guardians of Australian Future Fund.Early life
<mask> was born on 14 August 1957 in Melbourne into a middle-class family of practising Christians. He was the second of three children: his elder brother, Tim, is a prominent Baptist minister and former CEO of World Vision Australia. <mask> was educated at Carey Baptist Grammar School and Monash University, where he studied arts and law, graduating with honours in 1982. <mask> is a descendant of Irish immigrant <mask>, who was expelled from the Parliament of Victoria in the 1860s for electoral fraud. During the 1980s, <mask> was a solicitor at the law firm Mallesons Stephen Jaques, then became a barrister and represented employers in some of Australia's best known industrial relations disputes. In 1982 <mask> married Tanya (née Coleman), daughter of writer and former Liberal politician <mask>. In 1983 and 1984, <mask> represented the National Farmers' Federation in legal action against the Australasian Meat Industry Employees Union (AMIEU).The AMIEU was seeking a unit tally system to be set up in abattoirs in the Northern Territory. The dispute focussed on one abattoir, Mudginberri, which chose to fight the

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Peter Howard Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
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Patrick Costello
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Peter Coleman
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 AMIEU claim. Ultimately the AMIEU claim was unsuccessful. <mask> became counsel to organisations representing small business and rose to prominence in the 1985 Dollar Sweets case, as junior counsel assisting Alan Goldberg QC, successfully representing a confectionery company involved in a bitter industrial dispute. Political background
In his student years, <mask> was active in student politics. For a time, he was an office-bearer of the Social Democratic Students Association of Victoria, an affiliate of the Balaclava Branch of Australian Young Labor. In 1977, <mask> was assaulted by a left-wing student politician, receiving mainstream media attention for the first time in his career as a result.After graduating, <mask> became more conservative but retained liberal views on some social issues. In 1984 he was a founding member of the H. R. Nicholls Society, a think tank on industrial relations. In the late 1980s, he was identified as part of the New Right movement, which was organised to some extent in the H. R. Nicholls Society. Political career

Early political career

In 1990, <mask> defeated sitting member Roger Shipton in a preselection ballot for the comfortably safe Liberal electorate of Higgins, the seat once held by Harold Holt and John Gorton. He entered the House of Representatives at the age of 32. <mask> made his maiden speech in May 1990 and mentioned "government should be subservient to the citizen; the Executive accountable to the representative parliament; and the monopoly give way in the face of the individual." Following the resignation of Andrew Peacock, <mask> voted for John Hewson to replace Peacock as Liberal Leader and <mask> was made shadow minister for Consumer affairs and later Shadow Attorney General.However Hewson despite launching <mask>'s local campaign in Higgins, despised <mask> making it clear to

masks: Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Peter Costello


texts: him that he would not be appointed a Minister in a Hewson government and always maintained suspicion about <mask> due to his admiration for John Howard. On one occasion Hewson accused <mask> of bad mouthing him to journalist Laurie Oakes which <mask> denied. Hewson's shock defeat at the 1993 election, <mask> believes, can be attributed to Hewson lacking the experience to know which things to try to change and which things to avoid trying to change. <mask> believed Hewson fought everyone from Churches and Welfare groups over the GST to the Supernnuation and Medicare organisations and recipients. <mask> claimed he found it hard to promote the Liberal party's zero Tariff policy to the car industry. <mask>'s profile became higher following the 1993 election becoming Shadow Finance Minister after his failure to become deputy leader. After the "sports rorts affair" with Sport Minister Ros Kelly: after revealing Kelly did not handle funding properly for the policy, Hewson and <mask> demanded she resign, and she did, this and other factors made <mask> be seen as alternative leader to Hewson.Hewson was deposed as Liberal leader in May 1994, <mask> supported Alexander Downer for the leadership, becoming his Deputy Leader and shadow Treasurer. What may have prevented <mask> from challenging Hewson for the leadership himself was that it would have proven correct an accusation by Victorian Liberal Premier Jeff Kennett that <mask> and his friend, former Victorian Liberal party president Michael Kroger, had undermined Hewson's leadership prior to Hewson calling the leadership spill that partly occurred because of <mask> in the first place. However, Downer resigned in January 1995. <mask> did not seek the leadership, instead supporting John Howard. It was revealed in July 2006 that this was due to a December 1994 meeting between Howard, <mask> and

masks: Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello


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 Ian McLachlan during which Howard allegedly agreed to stand aside after one and a half terms as Prime Minister in return for <mask>'s agreement not to challenge for the leadership. Howard denied that this was a formal arrangement. Hewson noted with irony in 2009 that <mask>'s best chances of becoming leader were at the 1994 leadership spill or when Downer stood down, several months later.As Deputy Leader until 2007, he was the longest serving in that role, achieving that status in 2006 after breaking the record of the party's first Deputy Leader Sir Eric Harrison. He also spent all but the last two years of his career on the front bench. Federal Treasurer (1996–2007)

The Liberal/National coalition headed by Howard won the 1996 election, defeating the Keating government on a 29-seat swing, and <mask> became Federal Treasurer at age 38, the same age at which Howard himself had become treasurer in 1977. He oversaw the return to and maintenance of federal budget surpluses, which enabled significant reduction in government debt. <mask> brought down twelve consecutive Federal Budgets, including ten surpluses. During this period he eliminated the Commonwealth Government net debt of $96 billion. He also sold 2/3rds of the Reserve Bank's substantial gold holdings at a record low price.Inflation, interest rates and unemployment all fell and remained generally low during <mask>'s term as Treasurer. Tax reform became a major policy focus for <mask>. Although John Howard had promised during the 1996 election campaign that he would "never, ever" introduce a GST, it returned as Liberal Party policy for the 1998 election. It was passed through the Senate with the help of the Australian Democrats. Until July 2005, <mask>'s own agenda of labour market deregulation remained blocked by the government's lack of a Senate majority. In 1998, <mask> and

masks: Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello Costello


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 his wife Tanya, along with Tony Abbott and his wife Margaret, successfully sued author Bob Ellis for false statements he made about them in his book Goodbye Jerusalem. <mask> advocated for change to a republic at the Australian Constitutional Convention 1998.He rejected any suggestion that Australia was not already an independent nation and said that the Australian Constitution works "remarkably well". It was the institution of monarchy that was the crux of his argument for change:

<mask> supported the 1999 referendum on whether Australia should become a republic. After the 2001 election, he attracted criticism for not securing funding for a key election promise to extend the Medicare safety net. In February 2006, <mask> caused controversy during a lecture at the Sydney Institute when questioned about the government's refusal to legally recognise same-sex marriage. He stated, "I think we do recognise the rights of gay and lesbian people in Australia. We do not criminalise [their] conduct or behaviour." He also pointed out that the law was changed in 2004 to recognise same-sex couples with regards to superannuation.He stated that marriage should only be recognised between heterosexual couples. Also during the same speech, <mask> criticised "mushy misguided multiculturalism," warning immigrants that the acceptance of Australian values was "not optional." Leadership aspirations

Under Howard

<mask> expected to gain the Liberal leadership some time during Howard's second term as Prime Minister, as per Howard's alleged December 1994 offer. When this did not eventuate, it is alleged that <mask> became frustrated, particularly when Howard announced, in July 2003, his intention to lead the government into the 2004 election. During the 2004 election campaign, Howard avoided saying whether he would serve a full term if re-elected, saying

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 only he would remain as long as his party supported him. The government's subsequent success in winning control of the Senate raised further speculation that Howard would delay his retirement, and the prospect of a <mask> leadership succession appeared to recede. In July 2006, the alleged <mask> succession deal was made public by Ian McLachlan.<mask> confirmed the incident had occurred and that he shared McLachlan's interpretation of events. Howard denied the claims repeatedly, stating the continued public drama displayed "hubris and arrogance" and that the leadership was the party room's to decide, not a prize to be handed over by leaders to successors. Press Gallery columnist Michelle Grattan described <mask>'s actions :

Despite tensions between the Prime Minister and the Treasurer, nothing further came of those events. Neither Howard nor <mask> took any action to remove the other from office, or resign. However, on 12 September 2007, amid renewed leadership tensions and a series of unfavourable public polls, Howard confirmed he would step aside well into the next term, if re-elected, and that <mask> would be his "logical successor". A federal election was held on 24 November 2007. An exit poll of 2,787 voters by Auspoll, commissioned by Sky News, included a question on the statement "I don’t want <mask> to become Prime Minister".Fifty-nine per cent agreed, while 41 per cent disagreed. The Coalition lost the election. In opposition (2007–2009)
<mask> was widely expected to assume the Liberal leadership after the 2007 election, but the day after the election, in a surprise announcement, he said that he would not seek or accept the leadership or deputy leadership of the Liberal Party. This was after John Howard, in his concession speech on the night of the election, specifically endorsed <mask> as the next leader for the

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Costello Howard
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Costello
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Peter Costello
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 Coalition. A week later, he indicated that he would be unlikely to serve out in full his parliamentary term of three years. However, as opposition leader Brendan Nelson struggled, speculation mounted that <mask> would change his mind and seek the leadership. In August 2008, he ruled out challenging Nelson, but did not comment on the prospect of Nelson stepping aside in his favour.Finally in September 2008, just before the release of his memoirs, The Costello Memoirs, <mask> specifically re-confirmed that he would not be seeking leadership of the party and would leave politics at a time that suited him. Media attention immediately shifted to whether <mask>'s decision cleared the way for a leadership challenge by Malcolm Turnbull (who was the shadow treasurer at the time). Tony Abbott described the decision as a great loss to Australia and to <mask> himself, who might continue to have regrets for the rest of his life at what might have been. Media outlets capitalised on <mask>'s failure to categorically rule out any future leadership challenge. An incumbent-announced leadership spill on the morning of <mask>'s book release saw Turnbull defeat Nelson. <mask> remained as an opposition backbencher. On 18 September 2008, <mask> was appointed to the World Bank's new Independent Advisory Board, (IAB), which will provide advice on anti-corruption measures.On 15 June 2009, <mask> announced that he would retire from Parliament at the next Federal election. However on 7 October 2009, <mask> announced he would be resigning from Parliament when it resumed later in the month. He resigned on 19 October 2009, triggering the 2009 Higgins by-election. <mask>'s departure came just prior to the ETS crisis that lead to Malcolm Turnbull losing
the Liberal party leadership to Tony Abbott. Post-political career
<mask> is a member of the Board of Guardians

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texts: of the Australian Government Future Fund since December 2009. Amidst some controversy it was announced that David Gonski would succeed the inaugural Chairman, David Murray when Murray's term expired on 3 April 2012. Gonski's appointment was in spite of an independent review (that was conducted by Gonski).Gonski reported to the Australian Government that the existing Guardians favoured <mask> to succeed Murray as Chairman. <mask> is a managing partner of BKK Partners, a boutique corporate advisory run by former Goldman Sachs JBWere managers. He also chairs the advisory board of specialist corporate advisory firm ECG Advisory Solutions. In 2008, his best-selling memoir was published by Melbourne University Press. <mask> writes a regular column for Fairfax newspapers. In October 2010, Howard published a memoir, Lazarus Rising, that drew the ire of <mask> and others. Howard used the memoir to settle some personal scores, calling <mask> "an elitist, who's unable to connect to ordinary Australians" and accuses <mask> of bungling the leadership handover issue.<mask> responded by claiming that Howard "appears to be incapable of taking responsibility for the defeat of the government and for losing his seat of Bennelong." In May 2012, Michael Kroger accused <mask> of being interested in returning to Federal Parliament, most likely by getting a Liberal MP to step aside, with the hope of becoming leader of the Liberal Party. <mask> denied this, saying that Kroger had approached him asking to help preserve his ex-wife Helen Kroger's Senate position. At around the same time, Helen Kroger was demoted on the Senate Liberal ticket for Victoria. Kroger believes <mask> was targeting her along with others; Kroger also claimed <mask> very often criticises past and present Liberal party MPs and officials. In February 2016, <mask> was appointed chairman


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 of the Nine Entertainment Co.

Honours
On 26 January 2011, <mask> was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia for "eminent service to the Parliament of Australia, particularly through the development of landmark economic policy reforms in the areas of taxation, foreign investment, superannuation and corporate regulation, and through representative roles with global financial organisations". References

External links

<mask> – Official Website (www.petercostello.com.au)
Biography – Monash University prominent alumni profile

Treasurers of Australia
Members of the Cabinet of Australia
Australian Anglicans
Australian barristers
Australian economists
Australian investment bankers
Australian people of Irish descent
Australian republicans
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Higgins
People educated at Carey Baptist Grammar School
Lawyers from Melbourne
Politicians from Melbourne
1957 births
Living people
Monash Law School alumni
Converts to Anglicanism from Baptist denominations
Companions of the Order of Australia
Delegates to the Australian Constitutional Convention 1998
20th-century Australian politicians
World Bank people
Nine Entertainment
21st-century Australian politicians
Government ministers of Australia
Australian officials of the United

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<mask> "Hap<mask> (December 5, 1901 – September 24, 1977) was a New Jersey State Senator from Atlantic County, New Jersey, described by The New York Times in 1977 as "probably the most powerful legislator in New Jersey history". He served for what was then a record 34 years in the New Jersey Legislature and was throughout that period the political leader of the Republican political machine that controlled the Atlantic City, New Jersey, and Atlantic County governments. Biography
<mask> was born December 5, 1901, in Atlantic City, the youngest of ten children born to James and Maria (Clowney) <mask>. As a youth, teammates gave him the nickname "Happy", which was shortened to "Hap" as he got older. He attended the St. Nicholas of Tolentine grammar school before advancing to Atlantic City High School where he met his future wife, Marie "Honey" Feyl. In high school, <mask> was an accomplished baseball, football, and basketball player. He was expelled from Atlantic City High School in 1920 after playing at the YMCA with fellow teammates against a team of African American college students who were barred from playing on their collegiate teams.Atlantic City High School had a strict policy that no varsity players could play in any other league or competition. For his senior year, <mask> attended the Wenonah Military Academy which recruited him for his athletic accomplishments. He went on to attend the University of Pennsylvania, before graduating from Georgetown Law School in 1925. After his education was complete, he married Marie Feyl and began practicing law in Atlantic City. In the legislature

In 1937, <mask> was elected to represent Atlantic County in the New Jersey Assembly, and in 1940 he was elected to the New Jersey Senate. In 1941, Enoch "Nucky" Johnson, boss of the Atlantic City/Atlantic County Republican political machine, was convicted of income tax evasion and sent to prison. <mask>, after a struggle with rival Thomas D. Taggart, Jr., mayor of Atlantic City,

masks:
Francis Sherman
" Farley
Farley
Farley
Farley
Farley
Farley
Farley


texts: succeeded Johnson as the leader of the organization.<mask>'s first move as a crime boss was to separate the organization's political aspect from its criminal one. He appointed Jimmy Boyd, Nucky Johnson's former right hand man and enforcer, as the overseer of all organized crime operations in Atlantic City. Unlike the two previous bosses of the organization, <mask> was noted for fighting to distance himself from the American Mafia. <mask> rose through the leadership ranks of the State Senate to become Senate majority leader in January, 1944. By early 1945 he was Senate President. At different times during his tenure as state senator, <mask> was chairman of all of the major Senate committees. He was also president of the Jersey Senate 21 Club, which was composed of all twenty-one New Jersey senators, Republican and Democrat, from 1941 to 1965.For many years, Senator <mask> hosted "Senate at the Shore": a retreat for the senators and their wives in Atlantic City where Republicans and Democrats could share in relationship-building events. <mask> was chairman of the Atlantic County Republican Committee from 1941 to 1972 and treasurer of Atlantic County from 1944 to 1971. He also re-instituted the New Jersey Republican Chairmen's Association and was elected president of that body from 1952 to 1972. <mask> was Senate president pro tem in 1946, 1963, 1964, 1965, and 1968. Senator <mask> was acting Governor of New Jersey on many occasions, serving for various governors. He was a delegate to the New Jersey Constitutional Convention in 1947 and 1966. <mask> was endeared by his constituents for accomplishing legislation that brought the Atlantic City State Marina in 1941 (renamed the Senator <mask> S. Farley State Marina in 1971), sanctioned horse racing and parimutuel betting to the state which brought about the Atlantic City Race Course in 1944, the Fishing Conservation Commission in 1946 which aided in coastal jetty protection, the Garden State Parkway in 1952 (which was

masks: Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley Frank


texts: referred to by North Jersey legislators as "Farley's Folly"), the Atlantic City Expressway in 1964 (the service plaza, Farley Service Plaza, of which is now named in his honor), Stockton State College in 1963, numerous county community colleges, the State Aeronautical Space College, the National Aviation Facilities Experimental Center, the Cape May Lewes Ferry in 1965, the Police and Firemen's Widow Pension in 1965, the expansion of the New Jersey Medical School, and the educational TV Channel 12 in 1967.By 1960, he held the record of having had more bills passed than any other member of the upper house. Farley believed that his political success lay primarily in persuading other legislators "not to hurt us if you can't help us", and in treating other legislators the same way. Senator <mask>'s efforts also reached those most in need in Atlantic County. His bills brought free vaccines to needy children in 1955, established the New Jersey Division against Discrimination in Education in 1960, produced the Atlantic County Improvement Authority, brought about tax deductions for veterans and senior citizens, and established a senior citizen nonprofit housing tax exemption in 1965, <mask>'s urban renewal bill, passed in 1949, and the state Mosquito Control and Inland Waterway commissions aimed to improve the quality of life for his constituents, particularly. The pristine beaches and world famous boardwalk are two of Atlantic City's main attractions. However, storms often destroy and erode sections of both. To counter this, Senator <mask> put forward a permanent annual appropriation for the resort beaches.75 percent of this was provided by the state and 25 percent was provided by Atlantic City. After a particularly devastating storm in 1944, Senator <mask> proposed a beneficial city Luxury Tax. The measure taxed hotels, tobacco, liquor, and amusements in Atlantic City. The funds of this tax directly replenished the beach erosion, fortified the boardwalk, and supplied other

masks: Farley Farley Farley Farley


texts: infrastructural improvements for the city. In 1949, the New Jersey State Beach Erosion Commission became the authority for upkeep; however, in 1962, Senator <mask> acquired $5 million from the state to restore the Atlantic City beaches. The city luxury tax still provides funds for the improvement of Atlantic City, and in 2019, the New Jersey Division of Gaming Enforcement reported $32,425,000 in luxury tax revenue for the city. When <mask> entered the New Jersey Senate, each of the state's twenty-one counties was represented by one senator.This resulted in the smaller counties, which included most South Jersey counties, having an equal amount of power in the senate. Still, <mask> was very effective in assembling a majority of the twenty-one senators to support his proposals. <mask>'s legislative power was ultimately diluted as a result of the United States Supreme Court's 1962 decision in Baker v. Carr, which required that representation in state legislatures be based on population, not counties. As a result, the size of the state senate grew to forty members, with most of the new seats representing districts in North Jersey, and it was much more difficult for <mask> to advocate for Atlantic County and southern New Jersey. While <mask> served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention, he was instrumental in getting the New Jersey delegation at the 1968 Republican National Convention to switch their support from favorite son Clifford P. Case to Richard Nixon. In the latter part of <mask>'s legislative career, a growing number of Atlantic City activists and leaders proposed the legalization of casino gambling as a way to rebuild the deteriorated city and rejuvenate its declining economy. Until near the end of his senatorial career, <mask> refused to back casino gambling, a position that some close to him attributed to a desire to avoid the scrutiny that gambling would bring.During his final year as state senator, however, <mask> did attempt to enact legislation

masks: Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley Farley


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 to authorize a referendum that would legalize gambling in Atlantic City. The proposed legislation, which was officially sponsored by <mask>'s political ally Senator <mask>. McDermott (R-Union) because Farley feared a backlash if he publicly appeared to support it, lacked safeguards and was soundly defeated in the Senate. After leaving the legislature
In 1971, <mask> was defeated in his attempt for reelection by Dr. Joseph McGahn, the Democratic candidate. In the early 1970s, after <mask> left office, the Federal Aviation Administration planned to close the National Aviation Facilities Experimental Center (now known as the William J. Hughes Technical Center) located in the Pomona section of Galloway Township, which was, and still is, one of the largest employers in Atlantic County. <mask>, at the request of community leaders, intervened in the fate of the center again by going to administration officials in Washington, ensuring the facility was not closed. In 1974, supporters of legalized casino gambling in Atlantic City succeeded in having a referendum placed on the New Jersey general election ballot that would have permitted casino gambling throughout the state. After the proposal was soundly defeated by voters, some criticized the failure of proponents of the measure to involve <mask> in the effort, and <mask> also expressed disappointment in not having been involved.After their defeat in 1974, supporters of gambling regrouped under the continued direction of Meyer I. (Mike<mask>, who had served as Chairman of the Committee to Legalize Gambling and the new direction of Mayor Joseph Lazarow, who served as chairman for the Committee to Rebuild Atlantic City—another pro-gambling organization. The gambling proponents were successful in placing another referendum on the November 1976 ballot that would permit casino gambling in only Atlantic City. This time, casino proponents were much better organized than they had been in 1974, and <mask>l sought the assistance of Senator

masks:
Farley
Frank X
Farley
Farley
Farley
Farley
Farley
) Segal
Sega


texts:
 <mask>, who worked extensively behind the scenes to make gambling a reality for Atlantic City. Farley successfully urged old political allies in other parts of the state to support the measure, including Bergen County Sheriff Joseph Job, and some observers estimated that these efforts resulted in hundreds of thousands of votes in favor of casinos. This time the referendum was approved by a wide margin. <mask>, the campaign strategist hired by the pro-casino organization, the Committee to Rebuild Atlantic City, considered obtaining Joseph Job's support for the measure to be the decisive factor in securing the victory.<mask> died on September 24, 1977, at his home in Ventnor City, New Jersey. More than 7,000 letters and gifts were delivered to his home from constituents, peers, admirers, and others. Among those delivered to the Farley residence were personal notes from President Richard Nixon, Gerald R. Ford, governors, senators, and assemblymen. The New York Times described <mask> as "probably the most powerful legislator in New Jersey history" further noting that he was "an artful negotiator whose backroom wheeling and dealing were legendary", and that he "was credited with pushing through more special legislation for his district, Atlantic City and Atlantic County, than any other legislator". Further reading
 White, J.T. "<mask>, <mask>", The National Cyclopedia of American Biography, vol. 60, Clifton, N.J., J.T.White & Co. Publishing, 1981
Johnson, Nelson. Boardwalk Empire, Medford, N.J., Plexus Publishing, 2002 . References

1901 births
1977 deaths
American political bosses from New Jersey
Atlantic City High School alumni
Georgetown University Law Center alumni
Members of the New Jersey General Assembly
New Jersey Republicans
New Jersey state senators
Politicians from Atlantic City, New Jersey
People from Ventnor City, New Jersey
Presidents of the New Jersey Senate
University of Pennsylvania alumni
20th-century American politicians
American crime bosses
Nucky

masks:
Farley
Sanford Weiner
Farley
Farley
Farley
Frank Sherman


texts:
Jonathan Anthony Wisniski (born September 20, 1951) is an American professional wrestler, better known as <mask>The Hammer" <mask>. He is the son of wrestler <mask>. Over five decades, <mask> held more than 40 championships, including the NWA United States Heavyweight Championship, WWF Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship, NWA World Tag Team Championship, and WWF World Tag Team Championship. An alumnus of Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling, the World Wrestling Federation and World Championship Wrestling, he was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame Class of 2004 and the Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame in 2016. Early life
Born in Seattle, Washington, Wisniski traveled around Texas in his teens with his father; <mask>. During a summer vacation, he decided to drop out of college and become a wrestler. His father initially tried to deter him, but eventually ceded to his wishes and sent him to Canada in 1970 to train under Stu Hart in Calgary.Professional wrestling career

Early career (1970–1976)
Wisniski was trained to wrestle by Stu Hart, wrestling his debut match in July 1970 against Angelo "King Kong" Mosca (he lost in around five minutes). Six months later, Wisniski relocated to Detroit to complete his training under the Sheik. Initially reluctant to take his father's ring name, Wisniski wrestled as Baby Face Nelson before becoming Johnny Fargo, one half of the Fargo Brothers with Don Fargo between 1971 and 1974. The Fargo Brothers initially competed in the Buffalo and Cleveland based National Wrestling Federation before moving on to Texas. They split in 1974 and

masks:
Greg "
Valentine
Johnny Valentine
Valentine
Johnny Valentine


texts:
 Wisniski went to Florida, where he began performing as <mask> Jr., hopeful that he could live up to his father's legacy. He later changed his ring name to <mask>the Hammer" <mask>, and was billed as <mask>'s brother, not his son, because of fears that the elder <mask> would be thought of as too old to be a legitimate threat. <mask> remained in Florida for a year while also working in Los Angeles and in Japan under Antonio Inoki in 1975 and early 1976.Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling (1976–1978)
In August 1976, <mask> debuted in Jim Crockett Jr. and George Scott's Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling, an affiliate of the National Wrestling Alliance based in the Carolinas and Virginias. <mask> was hired to replace his father, who had been forced to retire after he broke his back in a plane crash in 1975. He immediately began feuding with Johnny Weaver, who he "retired" with a top rope elbow drop. <mask>'s elbow drop was promoted as a deadly move, with tapes of him breaking wooden boards with his elbow shown to the audiences before his debut. <mask> then formed a tag team with Ric Flair, with whom he twice won the NWA World tag team title and held the NWA Mid-Atlantic Tag Team Championship (between June 30 and August 22, 1977). They first defeated Gene and Ole Anderson on December 26, 1976 (who nine years later would become in storyline Flair's "cousins") in Greensboro, injuring Gene so badly that he had to be stretchered out. They held the titles until May 8, 1977, when the Andersons defeated them in a steel cage match in the old Charlotte Coliseum.Flair and <mask> regained

masks:
Johnny Valentine
Greg "
Valentine
Johnny Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine


texts:
 the tag titles from the Andersons on October 30, this time leaving Ole unable to leave under his own power. The team split after they were stripped of the titles in April 1978 by NWA president Eddie Graham as a result of their "unprofessional conduct". Flair then set his sights on the NWA World Heavyweight Championship, while <mask> held the NWA World Tag Team Championships once more with Baron von Raschke in 1978. At the same time, <mask> feuded with Chief Wahoo McDaniel over the NWA Mid-Atlantic Heavyweight Championship. Wahoo had cost <mask> and Flair their first tag team championships (Wahoo, the then-nemesis of Flair, had been the special referee in the steel cage match), so <mask> was eager for revenge. On June 11, 1977 in Raleigh he defeated Wahoo, breaking his leg in the process. Though Wahoo's legs were too thick for <mask> to apply his signature Figure Four leglock, he managed to break Wahoo's ankle using a leg/ankle suplex.The heel <mask> then began wearing a T-shirt with the slogan "I broke Wahoo's leg" on the front and "No more Wahoo" on the back. Wahoo returned on August 9, 1977 and took back the title. <mask> would hold the title once more, defeating Wahoo again on September 10 and losing to Ken Patera on April 9, 1978. World Wide Wrestling Federation (1978–1979)
<mask> began working on a casual basis for the World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF), then owned by Vincent J. McMahon, in November 1978. Managed by The Grand Wizard, he was given the gimmick of a methodical wrestler who broke the legs of all his opponents, including Chief Jay Strongbow. In February

masks: Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine


texts:
 1979, he wrestled then WWWF Heavyweight Champion Bob Backlund to a one-hour time-limit draw at Madison Square Garden. Return to Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling (1979–1981)
<mask> returned to the NWA in late 1979 and asked Flair to reform their tag team.Flair, by then a face, declined. <mask> held the NWA World Tag Team Championship once more with Ray Stevens in 1980. Four days after their victory, the promoter, David Crockett told <mask> and Stevens that he possessed film which proved that the illegal man had been pinned in the tag match, nullifying the win. When Crockett threatened to send the film to NWA president Bob Geigel who said he would overturned their victory, Stevens and <mask> attacked him and cut the film up with a pocketknife, destroying the evidence. <mask> later claimed to have "seen the light", and re-formed his team with Flair, who believed that <mask> was now a face. In a tag match against Jimmy Snuka and the Iron Sheik, <mask> abandoned Flair, leaving him outnumbered. Flair was beaten, and then <mask> snapped Gene Anderson's hickory cane over Flair's head, legitimately breaking his nose and splitting his lips.The former partners began feuding over Flair's NWA United States Heavyweight Championship, with <mask> finally defeating Flair for the title on July 26 in Flair's adopted hometown of Charlotte. He held the title until November 24, when he was beaten by Flair; Flair became one of <mask>'s main opponents in the Mid-Atlantic territory. World Wrestling Federation (1981–1982)
<mask> returned to the WWF, now known as the World Wrestling Federation, for a

masks: Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine


texts:
 year in 1981 and continued to pursue the title. On October 19, he was pinned by Backlund, but then handed the title belt by the dazed referee. The title was held up, and Backlund defeated <mask> cleanly in the November 23 rematch. In January 1982, <mask> met Backlund yet again, this time in a steel cage, for the WWF Heavyweight Championship at the Philadelphia Spectrum, which Backlund won. He also feuded with Pedro Morales over the WWF Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship, who he "injured" by suplexing him on the concrete floor of the arena.<mask> was not successful in winning this title either, and in mid-1982 left the promotion. Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling (1982–1984)
<mask> would hold the United States Championship twice more, renewing his feud with Wahoo in 1982 and defeating him for the title on November 4 with the assistance of his manager, Sir Oliver Humperdink. Roddy Piper began pursuing the title, and, after Piper gave <mask> a cake with a dog collar inside, the two had a series of brutal dog collar matches, most notably at Starrcade 1983, where Piper pinned <mask> in a non-title match after repeatedly whipping him with the steel chain. The feud was intensified by <mask>'s propensity to focus on Piper's ear, which had been injured earlier in his career and would bleed easily. Piper would eventually defeat <mask> on April 16, 1983, but <mask> regained the title on April 30 in Greensboro, NC; after the match, where he regained the US Title from Piper, <mask> hit Piper in the ear with US Title. He dropped the title to Dick Slater on December 14, just before

masks: Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine


texts:
 leaving them for the World Wrestling Federation. World Wrestling Federation (1984 - 1992)

Intercontinental Champion (1984–1985)
<mask> went back to the WWF in 1984, predicting that Vince McMahon's plan for national expansion would succeed.His first manager was Captain Lou Albano, and he was later managed by Jimmy Hart. On September 24, 1984 in London, Ontario <mask> defeated Tito Santana for the Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship, focusing on Santana's injured knee throughout the match. Santana initially thought he had the match won, but had in fact only achieved a two-count. As Santana was celebrating, <mask> rolled him up for the pin and the title. Following the win, <mask> put Santana in the figure four leglock, reinjuring him. While Santana was sidelined having leg surgery, <mask> feuded with the Junkyard Dog, who he faced in an Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship Title match at the very first WrestleMania held in Madison Square Garden. <mask> pinned the JYD after using the ropes, but Santana came to ringside and informed the referee, who restarted the match.<mask> then walked out, losing the match by count-out but saving his title. Santana eventually healed and fought <mask> in many matches. He went on to win the title back on July 6, 1985 in a steel cage match in Baltimore, ending <mask>'s 285-day reign, the fifth-longest in Intercontinental title history. <mask>, incensed over losing the championship belt, destroyed it in the steel cage, forcing the WWF to get a new Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship belt (in reality, this was pre-planned as the


texts:
 WWF already had a newer, more modern Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship belt made and destroying the old title belt was seen as the perfect way to introduce the new one). The Dream Team (1985–1987)

<mask> would then form a tag team with Brutus Beefcake known as The Dream Team, managed by Luscious Johnny V. Initially the team was managed by both Jimmy Hart and Johnny V, but the WWF dropped Hart from the group and he went on to manage The Hart Foundation (Bret "Hitman" Hart and Jim "The Anvil" Neidhart). On August 24, 1985 at The Spectrum in Philadelphia, the Dream Team defeated The U.S. Express (Barry Windham and Mike Rotundo) for the WWF Tag Team Championship when Beefcake (kayfabe) rubbed Johnny V's lit cigar in Windham's eyes allowing him to be pinned. They held the titles until April 7, 1986 when they were defeated at WrestleMania 2 by The British Bulldogs (Davey Boy Smith and the Dynamite Kid).At WrestleMania III, The Dream Team defeated The Rougeau Brothers (Jacques and Raymond) as a result of interference by Johnny V and Dino Bravo. Upset because of a missed move by Beefcake during the match, <mask> left with Bravo and abandoned Beefcake, resulting in Brutus turning face later on in the night. Replacing Beefcake with Dino Bravo, <mask> formed The New Dream Team. <mask> was unhappy about teaming with Bravo, who he felt he had little chemistry with. After the WWF asked him to "kidnap" Matilda, the bulldog mascot of The British Bulldogs, <mask> resigned. He was brought back soon after, with Jimmy Hart again as his new manager (while the "kidnap" angle was

masks: Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine


texts:
 reassigned to The Islanders) but was used in a much diminished role between 1987 and 1990. Feuds with Don Muraco and Ron Garvin (1988–1990)
<mask> was entered in the WWF World Heavyweight Championship tournament at WrestleMania IV, where he defeated Ricky "The Dragon" Steamboat in the first round before losing to "Macho Man" Randy Savage, the eventual winner of the tournament, in the quarter-finals.In May 1988, Jimmy Hart fitted <mask>'s left shin with a shin guard, citing a mysterious injury to his wrestler, and proclaiming the shin guard as <mask>'s "road to the gold." Later in 1988, <mask> feuded with "The Rock" Don Muraco, who had turned face a year earlier. The feud was triggered when <mask> viciously attacked Muraco's manager, former WWF Heavyweight Champion Superstar Billy Graham. Graham, walking with a cane, tried to intervene when <mask> held the figure-four leglock on jobber Ricky Ataki, after already winning the match. <mask> then put the figure-four leglock on Graham, who had a plastic hip. The feud was abruptly halted when Muraco was dismissed by the WWF, despite <mask>'s pleas for Muraco not to be fired so that the promising program could be allowed to run. (Kayfabe magazine Inside Wrestling had run a story on the feud, claiming that it was Muraco, yearning to personally avenge Graham's injuries, who had begged the WWF not to dismiss <mask>).In April 1989 he began feuding with "Rugged" Ronnie Garvin. Two weeks after WrestleMania V (where he teamed with the Jimmy Hart managed Honky Tonk Man in a loss to the now babyface Hart Foundation), he defeated Garvin in a

masks: Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine Valentine


texts: retirement match on Superstars of Wrestling by reversing a small package and holding on to the ropes. Garvin became a referee until <mask> and Hart managed to have him fired. Garvin then became a ring announcer, and began aggravating <mask>. At SummerSlam 1989, for his match with Hercules, Garvin announced <mask> as being Hercules' "so-called opponent" and at 249 lbs looking to Garvin like he was "overweight by thirty pounds" as he approached the ring. Other insults by Garvin during the introduction included <mask> not knowing whether he was "coming or going" and being the only wrestler Garvin knew who had "two left feet" and that he had a "pipsqueak, poor excuse for a manager". Following the match, Garvin then announced Hercules as the winner when <mask> cheated to win, despite the referee declaring <mask> the winner.<mask> knocked Garvin out of the ring before having a further punching match with Hercules while Garvin climbed back in the ring and nailed <mask>. <mask> and Jimmy Hart eventually demanded that Garvin be reinstated so that they could fight in the ring. For some time <mask> had been wearing a shin guard, which he would rotate (so it covered his calf, not his shin) in order to increase the pressure exerted by the Figure Four Leglock. He referred to the shin guard as the "Heartbreaker". <mask> would also (illegally) attach the shin guard to his arm in order to accentuate his elbow drops. In the course of the feud, Garvin countered with a rotated shin guard of his own, which he dubbed "the Hammer Jammer". The feud culminated in a submission match at the 1990 Royal


texts:
 Rumble.Garvin utilized the "Hammer Jammer" during the match, using it to "counter" <mask>'s figure-four leglock when <mask> applied it on Garvin during the match (rather than writhing in pain as normal during the hold, Garvin was smiling and making faces at <mask>). Jimmy Hart managed to remove the "Hammer Jammer" from Garvin's leg, after which <mask> systematically wore down Garvin's leg, but eventually lost after Garvin hit him with the Heartbreaker and applied a sharpshooter, forcing <mask> to submit. Rhythm and Blues, departure (1990-1991)

Shortly after, <mask> formed a tag team with The Honky Tonk Man. For around eight months <mask> resisted dying his hair black (an idea of Jesse "The Body" Ventura) but eventually relented and the team became known as Rhythm and Blues and were managed by Jimmy Hart. Rhythm and Blues feuded with The Bushwhackers (Butch and Luke) and The Hart Foundation, but were overshadowed by the Legion Of Doom (Animal and Hawk), who were by then dominating the tag division. Famously during the time of Rhythm and Blues, WWF announcer Gorilla Monsoon would proclaim every time <mask> got on the microphone and sang (while also attempting to play a guitar) that "if you hung The Hammer for being a good singer you would hang an innocent person". In mid December his partner The Honky Tonk Man departed the World Wrestling Federation.An angle was recorded on December 28, 1990 at Madison Square Garden where he was defeated by Saba Simba after accidentally being hit by Jimmy Hart's guitar; afterwards he almost attacked his manager and began to be cheered by the


texts:
 fans. On January 7, 1991 the angle was furthered. In a match that saw Davey Boy Smith defeat Dino Bravo, <mask> was again accidentally hit by Jimmy Hart's megaphone. This time <mask> attacked Jimmy Hart and turned face. However, <mask> abruptly departed the company and along with the Honky Tonk Man's aforementioned departure from the WWF this effectively cancelled the planned feud with <mask>. Universal Wrestling Federation (1991)
Herb Abrams had aggressive plans for his Universal Wrestling Federation, announcing the signings of name wrestlers such as Andre the Giant, Steve Williams, The Killer Bees, and Bob Orton. Added to this list was <mask>, who joined the company on January 9, 1991.He made his debut that night at a television taping in the Penta Hotel in New York City,  defeating Sonny Blaze. He later defeated Mike Durham at the same taping, and was interviewed by Lou Albano in the "Captain Lou's Corner" segment on UWF television. However his stay in the UWF was technically only for that TV taping; as with Andre the Giant, Vince McMahon responded to Abram's announcement by luring <mask> back to the WWF. In an interview in 2000, <mask> stated that Abrams retaliated by withholding payment for his appearances in the UWF. World Wrestling Federation, departure (1991-1992)
<mask> returned on January 13, 1991 at a house show in Albuquerque, New Mexico and defeated Saba Simba. On January 19, 1991, <mask> participated in the fourth annual Royal Rumble match. He lasted forty four minutes.He continued to wrestle face opponents in his first month back. On the February 17, 1991

masks:
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Greg Valentine
Greg Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine


texts:
 edition of Wrestling Challenge, the WWF aired footage from the incident with Jimmy Hart at Madison Square Garden at the end of 1990. This began the televised process of his face turn. <mask> lost to the Jimmy Hart managed Earthquake at WrestleMania VII, and was defeated again at SummerSlam 1991 by Irwin R. Schyster. He participated in the 1992 Royal Rumble for the vacated WWF Championship, where he attacked his old rival Ric Flair before being eliminated by the Repo Man. Later that month he finished his run with the company, defeating Skinner at a house show on January 25, 1992 in Chicago, Illinois. World Championship Wrestling (1992)
Conscious of his diminishing status, <mask> left the WWF and signed with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) in 1992.He made his debut on February 4, 1992 at a house show in Norfolk, Virginia. Teaming with Terry Taylor, the duo defeated Marcus Alexander Bagwell and Tom Zenk. On February 15, 1992 he made his debut on television. Two weeks later, he teamed again with Terry Taylor to defeat Ron Simmons and Big Josh to win the WCW United States Tag Team Championship. Throughout the spring the duo successfully defended the belts against Zenk and Bagwell on various house shows. On May 17, 1992 at WrestleWar 92 they lost the titles to The Freebirds. At Beach Blast, <mask> pinned Marcus Bagwell.In July, he became involved in an angle with Dusty Rhodes and Dustin Rhodes where he confronted the father/son duo on WCW Worldwide. Both Rhodes attacked <mask>, only to then be retaliated upon by Dick Slater and The Barbarian. <mask> faced Dustin Rhodes on


texts:
 multiple house shows that summer and was winless. While in this series, <mask> also began to regularly team with Dick Slater. The duo wrestled The Freebirds and Barry Windham & Dustin Rhodes. On Clash of the Champions XX, Bobby Eaton & Arn Anderson defeated Slater and <mask> in a rare heel vs heel match. In September 1992 <mask> engaged in a house show feud with Van Hammer and was undefeated.In the fall he continued to team with Slater in matches against The Steiner Brothers. On television, <mask>'s fortunes continued to wane. On the October 11, 1992 edition of WCW Pro he was defeated by Shane Douglas. On the October 19, 1992 taping of WCW Saturday Night he arrived to learn that he was to lose Sting on that night's taping. In addition he was not scheduled to be booked at any upcoming events, and <mask> resigned from the promotion. World Wrestling Federation (1993-1994)
He reappeared in the WWF at the 1993 Survivor Series under a mask as The Blue Knight in an elimination match pitting Shawn Michaels (who was substituting for Jerry Lawler) and his three "knights" (who also included Barry Horowitz as the Red Knight and Jeff Gaylord as the Black Knight) against the Hart Family. He would return again, as <mask>, at the 1994 Royal Rumble, lasting over twenty minutes before being eliminated by Rick Martel.That summer <mask> would wrestle three times on a July house show tour, facing Bob Backlund on each occasion. World Championship Wrestling (1996–1998)
On July 1, 1996 <mask> returned to WCW and faced Randy Savage on WCW Monday Nitro in Landover, Maryland. <mask> was used primarily

masks:
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Greg Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine


texts:
 on television, facing The Giant, Harlem Heat, and Lex Luger. The following year he was used sparingly as well, again on television but had a 6–2 record, defeating Mike Enos, Bobby Eaton, and Billy Kidman. <mask> wrestled four times for the promotion in 1998 and was 3–1. He finished his WCW run with a victory over Pat Tanaka on February 17, 1998. Independent circuit (1994–present)
<mask> went on to tour the independent circuit, wrestling in Japan, with the Hamilton based International Championship Wrestling promotion and with the American Wrestling Federation.Starting in the summer of 1996, <mask> made several appearances with WCW over the course of the next two years. He was used on a pay-per-appearance basis, but was rarely utilized and was allowed to continue wrestling on the independent circuit. On October 10, 1999 he appeared on the infamous Heroes of Wrestling pay-per-view, pinning George "The Animal" Steele with the assistance of Sherri Martel. He wrestled on the 2000 tour of the United Kingdom in which Yokozuna died. He was also involved with the short-lived X Wrestling Federation as an investor and as an in-ring performer. In the 2000s, he began reducing his independent dates in order to pursue a career in real estate. On January 29, 2005 at WrestleReunion, <mask> won a seventeen-man battle royal to become the IWA Heavyweight Champion.He lost the title to Tito Santana at WrestleReunion #2 on August 27 of that year. <mask> also wrestled for several independent promotions, including AWA Superstars of Wrestling, which toured New England. In AWA Superstars of Wrestling,


texts:
 <mask> regularly wrestled Tony Atlas. In May 2007, <mask> defeated Quinson Valentino to win the Canadian Grand-Prix Wrestling Championship in Morrisburg, Ontario. On August 24, 2007, <mask> returned to Ontario to defend the CGPW Championship against Koko B. Ware in Cornwall, after Koko defeated <mask> in a non-title match, on the previous night, in Ottawa. <mask> was successful in defeating Koko in Cornwall, though the title was vacated due to inactivity. In late 2007, <mask> made an appearance in JCW or Juggalo Championship Wrestling reforming the Dream Team with Brutus Beefcake.in an 8 team elimination match for the then vacant JCW Tag-Team Titles. Where they were the first team to be eliminated after a slightly botched sunset flip from Necro Butcher. On January 29, 2011, <mask> was inducted into the Legends Pro Wrestling "Hall of Fame" by Jack Blaze in Wheeling, West Virginia, at their annual "LPW Over The Edge" event. <mask> competed in two matches during 2018, both being tag team matches. World Wrestling Entertainment (2004, 2005, 2008)
On March 13, 2004, <mask> was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame class of 2004 by his former manager Jimmy Hart. The following night, at WrestleMania XX at Madison Square Garden, <mask> received loud applause when the class of 2004 was introduced. Shortly after being inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame, <mask> dedicated the plaque he received to his late father by saying:  "This one's for you pop, <mask>".On October 3, 2005, <mask> made an appearance at WWE Homecoming, and on October 23 he was defeated by Rob Conway (then using a gimmick

masks:
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Valentine
Johnny Valentine
Valentine


texts:
 similar to that of Randy Orton's gimmick of "the legend killer") on an episode of WWE Heat after Eugene interfered on his behalf, causing the referee to award a victory via disqualification to Conway. He was present at the Retirement Ceremony of his long-time friend, Ric Flair, on the March 31, 2008 episode of WWE Raw. Personal life
<mask> married Julie on February 14, 1995. He had two daughters, Vanessa and Romaine, with his first wife, who once appeared on WWF TV in 1984 to give <mask> a back rub, which he claimed was the secret of his success. Vanessa began training with the Hart Brothers in the late 1990s. Vanessa died of cancer in 2014. He is a born again Christian and occasionally speaks at high schools and colleges with Ted DiBiase.He is also a part of Christian wrestling organization, World Impact Wrestling. He is the brother-in-law of wrestler Brian Knobbs. <mask> has appeared on an episode of Hogan Knows Best as one of Hulk's party guests. He also co-starred in Fuse's Insane Clown Posse Theater along with Insane Clown Posse members Violent J and Shaggy 2 Dope. The cast was rounded out with Michelle "Sugar Slam" Rapp, Kevin Gill, and Vampiro. <mask> played an usher who ejected guests from the theater when their time is up on the show. He appeared as a playable character on Legends of Wrestling,  Legends of Wrestling II, WWE Day of Reckoning, Showdown: Legends of Wrestling and WWE Legends of WrestleMania.He was also downloadable content in WWE 2K17 and also appears in WWE 2K18 along with Brutus Beefcake as The Dream Team. He also appears in WWE 2K19. In 2008 <mask>

masks:
Greg
Valentine
Media Valentine
Valentine
Valentine


texts:
 co-starred with George "The Animal" Steele in a short film entitled Somethin Fishy, in which the two former wrestlers purchase a fishing camp. The film served as the pilot for a comedy series that was not developed further. Legacy
British wrestler Steve Crabtree (the son of promoter Max Crabtree and nephew of headline star Big Daddy) was billed as "<mask>" while wrestling for Joint Promotions in the 1980s. His brother Spencer also wrestled as


texts:
<mask> (November 18, 1865 – December 17, 1931) was an American football player and coach. He played for Harvard University from 1888 to 1890. He was selected as an All-American in 1889 and 1890—the first years in which College Football All-America Teams were selected. He was also the first football player to wear protective "nose armor", which was invented by a Harvard teammate to protect his "weak nose". He later served as a football coach at Harvard from 1893 to 1903. During the 1905 football reform movement, <mask> was part of the reformist camp and proposed the abolition of professional coaches. Biography

Football player
A native of Sheridan, New York,  Cranston began his football career at Phillips Exeter Academy in 1887.As a freshman in November 1888, he began playing center after a knee injury to Harvard's starting center, Findlay. In 1889, a Pennsylvania newspaper described <mask> as "a capital center rusher and snapper back." The World of New York called <mask> one of Harvard's best men, and experienced player who was "as strong as a bull." <mask> was selected as a guard on the first College Football All-American Team selected by Caspar Whitney in 1889. In 1890, a newspaper reported that "the former invincible <mask>" was not playing to the level he had in 1889 -- "The old men, instead of improving with age, are rather deteriorating in the quality of their play." The New York Tribune offered a more positive take on <mask> in November 1890:"<mask>, the Crimson's center rusher, is one of the oldest and strongest men on either team. He has played four years on the Harvard team, becoming center rusher in his freshman year.He played a right guard in the two following

masks:
John Samuel Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
John Cranston


texts:
 years, but returned to his old place, because there was no one else to fill the old place. <mask> is aggressive and active and always gives his opponent a great deal of work." The Springfield Republican wrote that <mask> was not a great blocker and "is rather pugnacious and wastes time splitting heads; but he is a strong, heavy man, and will do his part very nearly as it ought to be done." At the end of the 1890 season, <mask> was again selected for  on the College Football All-America Team, this time as the center. In 1891, The New York Times reported that <mask> had left Harvard:"<mask> is another man who will be missed. Year before last he played in the center but last year he was the left guard. Late in the Spring <mask> withdrew from college, and in all probability will not enter Harvard again.Although his game last year was not up to his usual standard, he was an extremely valuable man." First player to wear "nose armor"
<mask> was also noteworthy as the first player to wear equipment to protect his face during an American football game. Football was a brutal game that resulted in many serious injuries and deaths in the 19th century, prior to modern innovations of helmets and padding. Though he was an excellent football player, <mask> was known to have "a weak nose." In order to protect <mask>'s nose, and to allow him to play on Harvard's football team, Harvard's captain Arthur Cumnock invented a device that he called "nose armor." Cumnock's invention gained popularity, and in 1892, a newspaper article described the growing popularity of the device:"By the invention of nose armor football players who have been hitherto barred from the field because of broken or weak

masks: Cranston Cranston Cranston Cranston Cranston Cranston Cranston Cranston Cranston


texts:
 noses are now able to thrust an armor protected nose (even though it be broken) into the center of the roughest scrimmage without danger to the sensitive nasal organ. The armor is made of fine rubber and protects both the nose and teeth."Harvard crew and coaching

<mask> also rowed with Harvard's crew. <mask> returned to Harvard as an assistant football coach in 1893 and became one of the leading coaches at the school over the next several years, helping William H. Lewis develop the centers. In March 1903, <mask> was appointed as Harvard's head football coach. At the time of his appointment, the Boston Morning Journal summarized his accomplishments as follows:"<mask> played at Harvard in 1888, 1889 and 1890, two years as centre and one as guard on the 'varsity team. In his freshman year he rowed on the 'varsity crew, and before entering college played four years of football at Exeter. He stands as the best center Harvard ever boasted, and his long experience in football, and his past coaching, coupled with remarkable business ability, should work wonders with the Crimson candidates when they report for the eleven next September." <mask> took over as head coach after Harvard lost to Yale, 23–0, in 1902.He told reporters that Harvard's prospect were not good, and the team would have to work hard, and talk less, if it were to rebound. <mask> said the team had the 23-0 score from the prior year "printed right on the seats of our trousers." In 1905, college football was struck by scandals involving professionalism, as some schools were accused of hiring "ringers," and also by concerns over the sport's brutality and injuries. <mask> sided with the reformers and published an article

masks:
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
John Cranston
Cranston
Cranston
Cranston


texts:
 in the Boston Journal advocating that universities ban the use of professional coaches and require that only university undergraduates may be involved in coaching. The proposal was endorsed by the reform movement, though Harvard's long-time assistant coach William H. Lewis rejected the proposal. Lewis argued that <mask>'s undergraduate coaching system would result in "the blind leading the blind," and suggested that universities might then also consider doing away with professors and tutors, leaving college students to go to school and "dig for themselves." <mask> drew further attention in late 1905 when he published a further article in the Boston Journal opining that athletics were being overdone at universities.Under the headline, "Wishes He Had Not Been a Famous Athlete When In College," <mask> wrote:"I have had several serious sicknesses since I left college which I attribute to the great strain of my athletic training. On the whole I can't say that athletics have benefitted me any in my business career. I sincerely believe I would have been better off in my life since college if I had left athletics alone. ... I've never received any benefit in business life from athletics. I am not a broken down man by any means, but I only speak the truth when I say I should have been better off had I left athletics alone." Head coaching record

References

1865 births
1931 deaths
19th-century players of American football
American football centers
American football guards
Harvard Crimson football coaches
Harvard Crimson football players
All-American college football players
Phillips Exeter Academy alumni
People from Chautauqua County, New York
Players of American football from New

masks: Cranston Cranston Cranston


texts:
<mask> (Serbian: Ненад Прокић) is Serbian playwright, theatre director and Founder of the Liberal Democratic Party (Liberalno demokratska partija)
and professor of 20th Century Drama at University of Art in Belgrade (Univerzitet umetnosti u Beogradu) from 1995, he was the playwright-in-residence at Yugoslav Drama Theatre (Jugoslovensko dramsko pozorište, JDP Beograd) in Belgrade (1985-1995) and at Slovenian National Theatre (Slovensko narodno gledališče, SNG Maribor) in Maribor (1991-1995). He has served as the Director of Belgrade International Theatre Festival (Bitef) and Bitef theatre (Bitef teatar) in two consecutive mandates (1997-2005). Biography
Prokić is one of the founders of Belgrade Circle (Beogradski krug) and of Forum of Writers (Forum pisaca). He is the author of the novel Alpha Foxtrot and of numerous theatre plays. His play Metastable Grail (Metastabilni Graal) is in the Anthology of Contemporary Serbian Drama. Other plays include: House of Bergmann, Fear for the Border, Homo Volans, Fathers and Forefathers (Dramatisation of Slobodan Selenic), In the Search of Marcel Proust, Dantes Divinus, The Russian Mission, The Last Days of Mankind (Adaptation of Karl Kraus), Le Petit et le Grand Theatre du Marquis de Sade, Edelheim, Finger Trigger Bullet Gun, Thankless Croatian Son (TV Script about A.G Matoš)... The last premieres of his plays were held in Halifax


texts:
 (James Dunn Theatre), Canada; London (LIFT Festival) and Birmingham (BE Festival), UK.Prokić directed the following pieces for the theater: Follie a Deux (Adaptation) by Heiner Mueller (Yugoslav Drama Theater), The Servants by Jean Genet (Bitef Theater), Helver's Night by Ingmar Villqist (Bitef Theater), Let's Talk About Life and Death by Krzysztof Byzio (Bitef Theater), The Unapproachable and Mercy Payable in Advance by Zanussi/Zebrowsky (Bitef Theater), Faraway by Tamara Bosak (Bitef Theater). <mask> <mask> wrote Absent Discourse Voices thesis dedicated to the work of Karl Kraus. <mask> was MP in the Parliament of Serbia in two consecutive mandates and he is the Founder and the first President of the Friendship group with Sovereign Military Order of Malta in the Serbian Parliament. The Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta, fra Matthew Festing decorated Prokic with the knightly PRO MERITO MELITENSI Cross of Grand Officer of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, on June 15, 2012. From October 2014 <mask> <mask> is an Advisor for Humanitarian Issues at the Embassy of Sovereign Military Order of Malta to the Republic of Serbia. Distinctions
  Grand Cross Pro merito Melitensi

Quotes
 "Serbia will become a modern country—with Serbs or without them!" [applause] - during the party's founding

masks: Nenad Prokić Prokić Nenad Prokić


texts:
<mask> is the Clinical Director of Center for Healthy Sex in Los Angeles and author of Erotic Intelligence: Igniting Hot, Healthy Sex While in Recovery from Sex Addiction, Sex Addiction as Affect Dysregulation: A Neurobiologically Informed Holistic Treatment, Sexual Reflections: A Workbook for Designing and Celebrating Your Sexual Health Plan, co-author of the award-winning daily meditation book, Mirror of Intimacy Daily Reflections on Emotional and Erotic Intelligence, and contributing author of the award-winning clinical text Making Advances: A Comprehensive Guide for Treating Female Sex and Love Addicts. Katehakis is a clinical supervisor at American Association of Sex Educators, Counselors and Therapists (AASECT) and clinical supervisor and member of the teaching faculty for the International Institute for Trauma and Addiction Professionals (IITAP) a national certifying body for sex addiction therapists. She is a regular contributor to Psychology Today and The Huffington Post, as well as a prominent expert panelist at sexuality conferences and public events. Biography
<mask> 'Alex' <mask>, Ph.D., holds a doctorate in Human Sexuality from the Institute for Advanced Study of Human Sexuality, and is a licensed psychotherapist (MFT) with a 1997 graduate degree from Antioch University. She holds licensure and certification with several different mental health organizations: Certified Sex Addiction Therapist (CSAT-S) with the International Institute for Trauma and Addiction Professionals (IITAP); Certified Sex Therapist (CST-S) with the American Association of Sex Educators Counselors and Therapists (AASECT); Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) with the California Board of Behavioral Sciences

masks:
Alexandra Katehakis
Alexandra
Katehakis


texts: (BBS). She joined the Walking Theater Group in 1992 at the invitation of actor Joseph Culp who co-founded the process with John Cogswell, Ph.D. She later co-founded the Walking-In-Your-Shoes Group with Culp and shared in the further development of this transpersonal body mind process. In 1997, Alexandra Katehakis was one of the early practitioners in the field of sex addiction.She became certified as a sex addiction therapist by Patrick Carnes, Ph.D. In her practice, Katehakis focuses on treating sexual dysfunction, sexual anorexia, sexual addiction and love addiction in individuals and couples. Her first book, Erotic Intelligence, offers a healthy model of sexuality for sex addicts allowing for the diversity of erotic expression while raising the possibility of consecrating sex as a spiritual act. Since 2006, Katehakis has studied affective neuroscience with Allan N. Schore, incorporating Affect Regulation Theory and interpersonal neurobiology into her Psychobiological Approach to Sex Addiction Treatment (PASAT). In 2009, Katehakis’ article “Affective Neuroscience and the Treatment of Sexual Addiction” was published in Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention. The article focused on the neuropsychobiological impact of early childhood trauma on the affective, cognitive, and behavioral development of sexual addicts. In 2016, the California Association of Marriage and Family Therapists awarded Mirror of Intimacy with the Clark Vincent Award and in 2015, the American Association of Sex Educators, Counselors and Therapists awarded co-authors <mask> and Tom Bliss with the AASECT 2015 Book of the Year Award.<mask> is the 2012 recipient of the Carnes Award, an acknowledgement

masks:
Alexandra Katehakis
Alexandra Katehakis


texts: for contributions to the field of sex addiction, presented by the Society for the Advancement of Sexual Health (SASH). She's also a co-recipient of the 2013 Clark Vincent Award from the California Association of Marriage and Family Therapists (CAMFT) for her role as a contributing author to the clinical textbook, Making Advances: A Comprehensive Guide for Treating Female Sex and Love Addicts. In 2013, <mask> joined the clinical team at the Meadows inpatient trauma and addiction rehabilitation center in Arizona as a Senior Fellow. From February 2015 until January 2018, <mask> appeared as a regular guest expert weekly every Friday on "Dr. Drew Midday Live with Mike Catherwood" alongside Drew Pinsky and Mike Catherwood on KABC (AM). From 2011 to 2016, <mask> was a regular contributor to Psychology Today and The Huffington Post, writing their annual Best and Worst Sex List. Katehakis makes appearances on radio, film and television news shows, as well as online and print interviews. Notable appearances include Inside Hollywood, Spike TV, Los Angeles Times and CNN.She has appeared on panels at national conferences to discuss sex addiction alongside the likes of Daniel J. Siegel and Christopher Kennedy Lawford, as well as movie screening panel discussions for Shame (2011 film) and, Thanks for Sharing (2012 film), with the film's co-writer Matt Winston. During the fall of 2017, amidst revelations of sexual abuse by movie producer Harvey Weinstein and others, Katehakis offered her expertise on sex addiction to several publications, including Rolling Stone, the Washington Post, the London Times, and others. In May 2018, Katehakis received the Leadership Award from the International Institute for Trauma and

masks:
Alexandra Katehakis
Alexandra Katehakis
Alexandra Katehakis


texts:
 Addiction Professionals (IITAP). July 2018, <mask> started the Alex Katehakis Podcast where she explores an array of topics with fellow curious minds at Center for Healthy Sex. In May 2019, <mask> was elected to the International Service Organization of Sexual Compulsives Anonymous as Outside Director and member of the executive committee. Publications
 Papers

<mask>, <mask> (September and October 2016). "Sex Addiction: Holistic Treatment Goals and Protocols for Body, Brain, and Relationship".The Neuropsychotherapist. <mask>, <mask> (Winter, 2017). "Sexual Fantasy and Adult Attunement". The American Journal of Play. 9 (2): 252–270. Books
 Erotic Intelligence: Igniting Hot, Healthy Sex While in Recovery from Sex Addiction (Health Communications, 2010)
 Making Advances: A Comprehensive Guide for Treating Female Sex and Love Addicts (SASH, 2012)
 Mirror of Intimacy: Daily Reflections on Emotional and Erotic Intelligence (CHS, 2014)
 Sex Addiction as Affect Dysregulation: A Neurobiologically Informed Holistic Treatment (W. W. Norton & Company, 2016)
 Sexual Reflections: A Workbook for Designing and Celebrating Your Sexual Health Plan (CHS, 2018)

References

External links
 Center for Healthy Sex
 YouTube: Center for Healthy Sex
 <mask>is blog at Huffington Post
 Sex, Lies & Trauma blog at Psychology Today
 The Society for the Advancement of Sexual Health
 American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors and Therapists
 International Institute for Trauma and Addiction Professionals
 The Society for the Advancement of Sexual Health (SASH)
 Alex Katehakis Podcast

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American self-help writers
American psychotherapists
Sex

masks:
Katehakis
Katehakis
Katehakis
Alexandra
Katehakis
Alexandra
Alexandra Katehak


texts:
<mask> of Orléans, Count of Paris (Louis Philippe Albert; 24 August 1838 – 8 September 1894), was disputedly King of the French from 24 to 26 February 1848 as Louis Philippe II, although he was never officially proclaimed as such. He was the grandson of Louis Philippe I, King of the French. He was the Count of Paris as Orléanist claimant to the French throne from 1848 until his death. Early life

Prince Philippe became the <mask>, heir apparent to the throne, when his father, Prince Ferdinand-Philippe, Duc d'Orléans, died in a carriage accident in 1842. Although there was some effort during the days after the abdication of his grandfather in 1848 to put him on the throne under the name of Louis-Philippe II, with his mother (Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin) as Regent, this came to nothing. They fled and the French Second Republic was proclaimed. American Civil War

A historian, journalist and outspoken democrat, Philippe volunteered to serve as a Union Army officer in the American Civil War along with his younger brother, Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres.He was appointed as an assistant adjutant general with the rank of captain on 24 September 1861 and served under the name of Philippe d'Orléans, the Count of Paris. He served on the staff of the commander of the Army of the Potomac, Major General George McClellan, for nearly a year. He distinguished himself during the unsuccessful Peninsular Campaign. He resigned from the Union Army, along with his brother, on 15 July 1862. Philippe's history of the Civil War is

masks:
Prince Philippe
Prince Royal


texts:
 considered a standard reference work on the subject. During their stay in the United States, the princes were accompanied by their uncle, the <mask> of Joinville, who painted many watercolours of their stay. On 10 November 1880 Philippe was elected as a companion of the first class (i.e.a veteran officer) of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States – an organization of Union officers who had served during the American Civil War. He was assigned insignia number 2107. His eldest son, Philippe d'Orleans, was elected as a 2nd class member (i.e. an eldest son of a veteran officer) in 1890 and succeeded to first class membership in the Order upon Philippe's death. Marriage and issue
On 30 May 1864 at St. Raphael's Church in Kingston upon Thames, England he married his paternal first cousin, Princess Marie Isabelle d'Orléans (1848–1919), Infanta of Spain. She was daughter of Infanta Luisa Fernanda of Spain and <mask>, Duke of Montpensier (1824–1890), the youngest son of Louis-Philippe of France and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily. They had eight children:

Princess Amélie d'Orléans (1865–1951); married Carlos I of Portugal in 1886.<mask> Philippe Robert d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans (1869–1926); married Archduchess Maria Dorothea of Austria, daughter of Archduke Joseph Karl of Austria in 1896,
Princess Hélène of Orléans (1871–1951); married Emmanuel Philibert, 2nd Duke of Aosta in 1895. <mask> d'Orléans (1875–1875). Princess Isabelle d'Orléans (1878–1961); married

masks:
Prince
Prince Antoine
Prince Louis
Prince Charles


texts:
 <mask> D'Orléans, Duke of Guise in 1899. <mask> d'Orléans (1880–1881). Princess Louise d'Orléans (1882–1958); married <mask> of Bourbon-Two Sicilies in 1907. Through her daughter, Maria Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, she was the grandmother of King Juan Carlos I of Spain. <mask> d'Orléans, Duke of Montpensier (1884–1924); married Marie Isabelle Gonzales de Olañeta y Ibaretta, Marchioness of Valdeterrazo in 1921.Restoration of French monarchy
The Orleans family had been in exile in England since the Revolution of 1848 which toppled King Louis Philippe. During their early married life, the Count and Countess of Paris lived at York House, Twickenham. However, in 1871 after the Franco-Prussian War and the downfall of Napoleon III, they were allowed to return to France, and many of their properties were restored to them. In 1873, anticipating a restoration of the monarchy by the largely monarchist National Assembly that had been elected following the fall of Napoleon III, the Count of Paris withdrew his claims to the French throne in favour of the legitimist claimant, Henri V, best known as the Comte de Chambord. It was assumed by most that the Count of Paris was Chambord's heir, and would thus be able to succeed to the throne upon the childless Chambord's death, reuniting the two claims that had divided French monarchists since 1830. However, Chambord's refusal to recognize the tricolor as the French flag sabotaged hopes of a restoration, and Chambord died in 1883 without ever specifically recognizing his

masks:
Prince Jean
Prince Jacques
Prince Carlos
Prince Ferdinand


texts:
 Orléanist rival as his heir. Upon the Count of Chambord's death, the Count of Paris was recognized by most monarchists as Philippe VII of France.This succession was disputed by the Carlist descendants of the Bourbon kings of Spain, who argued that being descended directly from Louis XIV their claim was greater than that of the Orléanists'; however, this argument pointedly ignored Philip V of Spain's renunciation of his and his descendants' claim to the French throne pursuant to the Treaty of Utrecht. In 1886 the family was exiled again returning to England, where they first lived at Sheen House, near Richmond, where the young Rosa Lewis was a member of their household. In 1890 they moved to the much grander Stowe House, where he died in 1894. He was succeeded as claimant to the French throne by his son <mask>. Honours
 : Grand Cross of the Order of the White Falcon, 24 August 1856
 : Knight of the Order of the Elephant, 22 October 1885
 : Grand Cross of the Sash of the Two Orders, 22 May 1886

Ancestry

Bibliography

 Flers, Hyacinthe, marquis de. Le comte de Paris. Paris: Perrin, 1888.Hanson, Edward. "The Wandering Princess: Princess Hélène of France, Duchess of Aosta". Fonthill, 2017. See also

Count of Paris

References

|-

1838 births
1894 deaths
French Roman Catholics
House of Orléans
Dukes of Montpensier
Counts of Paris
Orléanist pretenders to the French throne
Union Army officers
Burials at the Chapelle royale de Dreux
Princes of France (Orléans)
Heirs apparent who never acceded
Fellows of the Royal