texts:
<mask> (known as "<mask>" to his friends and associates) (April 8, 1885 – April 17, 1971) was a New York City-based photographer known for his portraits of Ziegfeld Follies showgirls as well as of actors and actresses from the worlds of stage and film. Biography
<mask> was born into an affluent New York banking family, which subsequently moved to Mount Vernon, New York. Initially he studied painting and illustration at the National Academy of Design in New York, but after graduating in 1908 (and marrying fellow student Doris Gernon the next year), his subsequent efforts to earn a living as a portrait painter did not meet with success. Instead, reportedly at the suggestion of longtime family friend and famed illustrator Charles Dana Gibson, he started to employ the camera previously used to record his painting subjects as his basic creative medium. In approximately 1917, <mask> was hired by famed New York City live-theater showman and producer Florenz Ziegfeld as a contracted photographer, and was affiliated with the Ziegfeld Follies for the next fifteen years or so. He also maintained his own highly successful personal commercial photo studio at various locations around New York City as well, photographing everything from aspiring actresses and society matrons to a wide range of upscale retail commercial products—mostly men's and women's fashions—for magazine ads. He photographed several hundred actresses and showgirls (mainly in New York City, and whether they were part of the Follies or not) during that time period.<mask> <mask> died in a car crash near his home in Connecticut on April 17, 1971, three years after the death of his longtime wife, Doris. They had no

masks:
Alfred Cheney Johnston
Cheney
Johnston
Johnston
Alfred Cheney
Johnston


type: original

texts:
 children. The photographer
For his indoor studio work, <mask> often employed a large "Century"-brand view camera that produced 11x14-inch glass-plate negatives, so a standard <mask> 11x14 photographic print was actually just a "contact print" from the negative and not enlarged at all. This size of negative afforded extremely fine image detail. (However, <mask> also is confirmed to have shot with a Graflex camera in 3-1/4 x 4-1/4-inch roll-film format; an unknown brand of 8x10 view camera; and a Zeiss Ikon camera in 120 [2-1/4 x 2-1/4-inch] film format.) <mask>'s "standard" work, of course, was used by Flo Ziegfeld for the normal advertising and promotional purposes for the Follies, and mainly consisted of individual or small-group shots of the Follies showgirls in their extravagant stage costumes. However, after <mask>'s death in 1971, a huge treasure trove of extremely artistic full-nude and semi-nude full-figure studio photos (and their accompanying glass-plate negatives) was found stored at the farm near Oxford, Connecticut, where he'd lived since 1940.Most of these images (some named, mostly anonymous) were, in fact, showgirls from the Ziegfeld Follies, but such daring, unretouched full-frontal images would certainly have had no public-publication possibilities in the 1920s-1930s, so it is speculated that these were either simply his own personal artistic work, and/or done at the behest of Flo Ziegfeld for that showman's personal enjoyment. The only book known to have been published by <mask> <mask> during his lifetime devoted to his nudes/glamour photography is the 1937 spiral-bound softcover "Enchanting Beauty", which contains 94 black-and-white photos (mostly about

masks:
Johnston
Johnston
Johnston
Johnston
Johnston
Alfred Cheney
Johnston


texts:
 7x9 inches, centered on a 9x12-inch page, although a number are cropped circular or in other designs). Unusually (compared to virtually all other examples of his work seen today on the Web or other sources, which were shot in an indoor studio in front of a flat-black or illustrated tapestry background cloth), 37 of these photos were taken outdoors along a stream or in flower-dappled fields, etc. All the shots in the book are "airbrushed" in the pubic area, to keep them legal with respect to the publishing standards of the day. The stock-market crash of 1929 and ensuing Great Depression—combined with several unsuccessful seasons of stage productions and a variety of messy lawsuits—devastated Flo Ziegfeld's finances, and he died in July 1932. This heavily impacted <mask> <mask>'s career, and likely led to his relocation to Connecticut at the end of the decade. Although he briefly operated two successive commercial photo studios there in the late 1940s/early 1950s, neither was apparently successful.It is believed that he did also continue his nude/glamour portrait work in a large converted barn/studio on his property, working with a new generation of "post-Ziegfeld" female models and stubbornly continuing to use his massive 11x14-inch view camera. Legacy
In 1960, <mask> donated a set of 245 large prints of his work to the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. (largely nude and semi-nude Follies showgirls, performers from various Ziegfeld shows including Fanny Brice, Billie Burke, Ruby Keeler, the Dolly Sisters, Ina Claire, Helen Morgan, Marilyn Miller, Grace Moore, Ann Pennington, Belle Baker and Ruth Etting, some well-known actors and actresses of the 1920s/1930s including

masks:
Alfred Cheney
Johnston
Johnston


texts:
 Mary Pickford, Gloria Swanson, Tyrone Power, John Barrymore, Pearl White, Barbara La Marr, Orson Welles, Clara Bow, Ethel Barrymore, Claudette Colbert, Corinne Griffith, Clara Kimball Young, Theda Bara,  Mabel Normand, Helen Hayes, Norma Shearer, Anita Stewart, Lillian Gish, Dorothy Gish, Marie Prevost, Tallulah Bankhead, Mary Miles Minter, Hope Hampton, and a number of product-advertisement photos). Apparently five of them have "gone missing" over the years, although the Library still has 240 images in its Prints and Photographs division (Lot 8782). Many years later, a considerable number of original Johnston-printed (and sometimes autographed) photographic prints and many original negatives were purchased at several auctions by at least four different American collectors/entrepreneurs. Nowadays, both original 11x14-inch ACJ prints and more recent reprints from <mask>'s original negatives have commanded significant prices in both on-line auctions and at photo galleries. Photos

References

Jazz Age Beauties: The Lost Collection of Ziegfeld Photographer Alfred Cheney Johnston, by Robert Hudovernik (New York, NY: Universe Publishing/Rizzoli International Publications, 2006, HB, 272pp.) Enchanting Beauty (New York, NY: Swan Publications Inc., 1937)
Alfred Cheney Johnston: Women of talent and beauty 1917 to 1930 (48-page illustrated photo-gallery sales catalog, Charles Isaacs Photographs, Malvern, PA, September 1987)
Alfred Cheney Johnston Collection - Auction List with Photos

1885 births
1971 deaths
Photographers from New York City
National Academy of Design alumni
Ziegfeld Follies
People from Mount Vernon, New York
People from Oxford, Connecticut
20th-century American


texts:
<mask> "Charlie<mask>. (September 17, 1900 – February 6, 1970) was an American lawyer and politician from Dover, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic Party and served as Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court as well as Governor of Delaware. Early life and family
<mask> was born at Camden, Delaware, son of <mask>. and <mask>. He attended Wesley College and the University of Virginia, receiving his law degree from Washington and Lee University. At Virginia, <mask> was initiated into the Psi Chapter of the Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity. <mask> married Jessica Irby and had one child, <mask>. They were members of Christ Episcopal Church in Dover.Professional and judicial career
<mask> was admitted to the Delaware Bar in 1924 and practiced in Dover, serving as attorney for the Kent County Levy Court and the Delaware General Assembly. In 1936, he was appointed Delaware Secretary of State. He then served as associate justice of the Delaware Superior Court from December 7, 1938 until April 29, 1957 and, as President Judge from that date, until July 23, 1962. He was then appointed associate justice of the Delaware Supreme Court and in May 1963 became its Chief Justice, serving until 1964. Henry R. Horsey and William Duffy in their article on the Delaware Courts described <mask>'s tenure as Judge as follows: "In his twenty-five years on the bench, Judge <mask>, or just plain "Charlie" as he preferred to be called, was, through his knowledge of the legislative process and influence with the General Assembly, instrumental in obtaining numerous judicial reforms. These included an increase in judicial salaries and significant improvements in the judicial pension system, establishment of full-time Courts of Common Pleas in Kent and Sussex Counties, enduring support for the creation of the present separate Supreme Court of Delaware and extensive improvements and enlargements of the judicial facilities in both the Public Building in Wilmington and the Kent County Courthouse. Governor of Delaware
<mask> had political ambitions and with the support of the incumbent governor, Elbert N. Carvel, resigned as Chief Justice.He was elected as Governor of Delaware in 1964,

masks:
Charles Layman
" Terry Jr
Terry
Charles Layman Sr
Elizabeth Maxon Terry
Terry
Terry
Charles III
Terry
Terry
Terry
Terry


texts: defeating Republican David P. Buckson, a former acting governor. As governor the former Justice instituted a major reform of the magistrate courts or justice of the peace court system, transforming a "court once ridden with politics and favoritism" into what eventually became "an efficient system of salaried, full-time judges sitting in a courtroom setting and conducting proceedings under uniform written rules of procedure." In particular, the practice of paying fees to these officials based on the number of cases was ended, and they came to receive a set salary. A second change occurred with the purchase of Woodburn, the official Governor's House. Governor <mask> and his family were the first occupants. <mask>'s other major initiative was the founding of the Delaware Technical and Community College, with a campus in each county. The former judge was proving to be a very effective governor; as deft, charming, and authoritative as appropriate.However, Delaware could not escape the key issues of the 1960s, particularly the issue of racial equality. In the Delaware General Assembly there were lengthy debates about equal housing, but no significant legislation could be agreed upon. In the streets of Wilmington, a few nights of shootings in 1967 resulted in a curfew and a liquor sales ban. <mask> went to the Delaware General Assembly and demanded and received the authority to declare a state of emergency with crowd control powers. He immediately put the emergency into effect and although the violence was ended in a week, continued the emergency for another month. Then, a year later, real problems came with the murder of <mask> King Jr. on April 4, 1968. A few days later Wilmington exploded in two days of self-destructive rioting, looting and burning.<mask> again responded with an emergency declaration and sent the National Guard in to assist the city police. A week later, when the situation seemed under control, the mayor lifted the curfew and requested the withdrawal of the National Guard. Believing there was more violence to come, <mask> refused. It was not until <mask> left office, eight months later, that the National Guard was removed from the streets of Wilmington. While

masks:
Terry
Terry
Terry
Martin Luther
Terry
Terry
Terry


texts:
 all this was simmering, students at Delaware State College in Dover shouted down <mask> during a speech and briefly occupied the administration building. <mask> responded by closing down the school for a month. <mask> had become known by some as "The Great Divider."<mask> was not without considerable support for his notable accomplishments and for the way he handled the violence in Wilmington. He campaigned for a second term and only narrowly lost, believing an October heart attack and a rezoning dispute in Sussex County cost him the election. However, 1968 was a Republican sweep, and Russell W. Peterson, a chemist from New Castle County, was able to defeat the incumbent governor, undoubtedly helped by a large number of Democrats in Wilmington who were seeking new leadership to end the tension and violence. Death and legacy
<mask> died at Dover and is buried there in the Christ Episcopal Church Cemetery. The <mask> L. <mask> Campus of the Delaware Technical and Community College at Dover is named in his honor. Almanac
Elections are held the first Tuesday after November 1. The governor takes office the third Tuesday of January and has a four-year term.All judicial positions are appointed by the governor. References

Images
Hall of Governors Portrait Gallery ; Portrait courtesy of Historical and Cultural Affairs, Dover. External links
Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States
Delaware’s Governors

The Political Graveyard
The Supreme Court of Delaware

Places with more information
Delaware Historical Society; website; 505 North Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801; (302) 655-7161
University of Delaware; Library website; 181 South College Avenue, Newark, Delaware 19717; (302) 831-2965

1900 births
1970 deaths
American Episcopalians
People from Dover, Delaware
Delaware lawyers
Delaware Democrats
Secretaries of State of Delaware
Governors of Delaware
Associate Judges of Delaware
Chief Justices of Delaware
Burials in Dover, Delaware
University of Virginia alumni
Washington and Lee University School of Law alumni
Wesley College (Delaware) alumni
Democratic Party state governors of the United States
20th-century American lawyers
People from Camden,

masks: Terry Terry Terry Terry Terry Charles Terry


texts:
Sarah Joyce (born 3 June 1979), better known by her stage name, <mask>, is a Pakistan-born British singer-songwriter. Supported by leading music industry figures including Burt Bacharach, Elton John, Carly Simon, and Jools Holland, Rumer was nominated for two Brit awards on 13 January 2011. Her debut album, Seasons of My Soul, released in 2010, peaked on the UK Charts at #3, was certified platinum in 2013 having sold over one million copies, and was listed at #26 in the Official Top 40 Biggest Debut Albums of the Decade in 2019. Rumer's voice has been described by The Guardian and many others as being reminiscent of Karen Carpenter. Her stage name was inspired by the author <mask>. Boys Don't Cry, released in 2012, peaked on the UK Charts at #3. She has performed at several festivals such as Glastonbury Festival.Her album This Girl's in Love (A Bacharach & David Songbook) was released in November 2016. In August 2020, she released her fifth album, Nashville Tears (The Songs of Hugh Prestwood). Early life
Rumer, the seventh of eight children, was born in 1979 in Tarbela Dam, Pakistan. Rumer's family lived there from 1977 to 1984 while her British father was contracted as Chief Engineer of the Tarbela Dam Project, funded by the World Bank. Her parents split and her Streatham-born mother moved back to England with Rumer and her siblings. Rumer moved to Carlisle aged 11 and attended Newman Catholic School, where she won the school's annual talent show in 1994. Rumer became fascinated with the work of Judy Garland at a young age, and sought solace from difficulties at home and school by listening to artists such as Aretha Franklin, Joni Mitchell and Tracy

masks:
Rumer
Rumer Godden


texts:
 Chapman.She was encouraged by her musical family, who all played instruments and played in their local Catholic church. This began her interest in becoming a performer. Rumer later discovered her biological father was the family's Pakistani cook, with whom her mother had had an affair when living in Pakistan. While her mother was dying of breast cancer in 2001, she asked Rumer to make the journey to Pakistan to search for her real father, with her mother reportedly saying "I want to leave this planet with my house in order". She discovered on arriving he had only recently died in a freak accident. Rumer briefly attended the drama course at Dartington College of Arts, in Devon before dropping out, moving to London at 18 and getting a job as a waitress. Musical career

2001–2010: La Honda and Stereo Venus

Under the name of Sarah Prentice, Sarah sang with a moderately successful London-based folk/indie band called La Honda between 2000 and 2001.In 2004, she formed the band Rumer & The Denials and released an early version of "Come To Me High" on 7" in 2007. Their Myspace page, now closed, included an acoustic recording of "Slow", which was included on the compilation album A Very Magistery Valentine. A collection of material was recorded in 2008 with Rory Moore under the name Stereo Venus. This was aimed at television and film and was originally distributed in Europe. An album was released in 2012 entitled Close to the Sun and the band played support for Saint Etienne. The material was also released under her real name, Sarah Joyce in South Korea in April 2010 as Coffee And Honey. 2010–2011: Solo career as Rumer, Seasons of My Soul and Rumer Sings Bacharach at


texts:
 Christmas
Rumer's debut album Seasons of My Soul was released on 1 November 2010, produced by her mentor, British composer Steve Brown.Her debut single, "Slow", was featured on Smooth FM, and the single "Aretha" on BBC Radio 2's Record of the Week feature, and she is signed to Atlantic Records. Seasons of My Soul, peaked on the UK Charts at #3, was listed at #26 in the Official Top 40 Biggest Debut Albums of the Decade in 2019, and was certified platinum in 2013 having sold over one million copies. She supported Jools Holland on his UK tour in the Autumn of 2010 which included a performance at the Albert Hall in London. Rumer received a personal note from Richard Carpenter (musician) regarding her debut album, "You not only sing beautifully," writes Carpenter, "but what you’ve created is actually musical, something that has been in short supply in recent years. The fact that the album is a sales success as well is reassuring to me, as I still firmly believe that if the public is exposed to music that is natural and of high quality, they will respond positively. Congratulations". After Burt Bacharach invited Rumer to his California home to hear her sing, Atlantic Records released Rumer Sings Bacharach at Christmas on 13 December 2010.It featured "Some Lovers" from the musical Gift of the Magi by Bacharach and Steven Sater. A limited edition 7-inch vinyl version was also released with a cover personally designed by Rumer. Rumer also contributed to a memorial concert to film composer, John Barry, which took place on 20 June 2011 at the Royal Albert Hall in London where the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Dame Shirley Bassey, David Arnold, Wynne Evans, trumpeter


texts:
 Derek Watkins and others performed Barry's music. Rumer performed the John Barry/Hal David song "We Have All the Time in the World" accompanied by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Nicholas Dodd. She recorded the track "I Believe in You" for the end credits to Johnny English Reborn, released in October 2011. In January 2012 she started her first American tour in Los Angeles. A multi-national Facebook fan group, "Rumer Worldwide Fans", was founded by a fan in San Francisco on 25 January 2012.2012–2013: Boys Don't Cry
Rumer's second album Boys Don't Cry was released on 28 May 2012. It contains a selection of songs by male artists and writers from the 70s and 80s period. Covers of songs by artists such as Todd Rundgren, Gilbert O’Sullivan, Neil Young and Terry Reid were chosen to mirror the solace and anguish Rumer experienced since achieving success and fame (BBC Music review). The majority of Boys Don't Cry was recorded at the same time as, or before Seasons of My Soul, but two weeks before the deadline Rumer and Steve Brown irreparably fell out. Rumer sought urgent help to finish the record and enlisted family friend Jennie Muskett, a notable film and TV composer to step in and help realise her vision in Steve's absence. A lot of the music had to be re-recorded at RAK Studios with John Paraceli on guitar, Ian Thomas and Steve Pierce on drums and Dave Hartley on piano. Rumer's version of PF Sloan written by Jimmy Webb was released as a single, followed by a second single written by Hall and Oates, "Sara Smile".She appeared on The Andrew Marr show with Jools Holland at the end of 2012 and performed with Jimmy Webb on CBS Second Cup Cafe in September


texts:
 2013. Rumer was interviewed on The Graham Norton show and performed PF Sloan, just previous to the release of Boys Don't Cry. Rumer later performed "P.F. Sloan" as a duet with P.F. Sloan on 14 June 2014. Webb invited her to perform the song at Live at MacArthur Park, Los Angeles on 15 June 2013. Webb then invited Rumer to record, Still Within The Sound of My Voice, (written by Jimmy Webb) which was the title track on Webb's album, Still Within the Sound of My Voice which included other guest performances by Keith Urban, Carly Simon, among others, released later in 2013.2014–2015: Into Colour, B Sides & Rarities and Love is the Answer
Rumer released her second album of all original material, and her third total studio album, Into Colour on 10 November 2014 in the UK, Ireland and Japan, peaking at #12 on the UK Charts. The record was then released worldwide in early 2015 by Atlantic Records. The first song to be released from the album was "Dangerous", which takes Rumer in a more disco direction. The song was made available on her SoundCloud page in September 2014. In 2015, Rumer released a collection of unreleased tracks and B-sides from her back catalog entitled, B Sides & Rarities. The collection features collaborations with the likes of Dionne Warwick, Stephen Bishop and Michael Feinstein. On 11 December 2015, Rumer released a four-track EP entitled Love is the Answer.2016–2019: This Girl's in Love (A Bacharach & David Songbook)
Rumer's fourth album, released under the East West Records label, features Rumer's take on select tracks from the songbook of Burt Bacharach and Hal David. It was released on 25 November 2016. Rumer remarked about how this album "was


texts:
 one she couldn't have made five years ago" and that how she felt that she had the right "emotional palette" to draw on the songs she recorded. It was produced by her husband and producer Rob Shirakbari at Capitol Studios in early 2016. In October, Rumer played her first London gig in over 2 years at London's Cadogan Hall. Rumer contributed to Trevor Horn's album Reimagines the Eighties, released in January 2019. 2020: Nashville Tears (The Songs of Hugh Prestwood)
Rumer released her fifth studio album, and her third album of covers, Nashville Tears (The Songs of Hugh Prestwood), on 14 August 2020.The album, which originally was scheduled for a May 2020 release, was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nashville Tears includes covers of songs from singer-songwriter Hugh Prestwood. “Creating this album was the beginning of a joyful time in my life,” Rumer explained about the record. “I was listening to Hugh Prestwood’s catalog all day and doing the dishes and walking the dog and taking care of my baby. It was a wonderful time....with this record, through Hugh Prestwood’s words, I wanted to create a piece of work that would, to me be like a tapestry of America how I felt it and saw it, and I feel like I did just that.”

Television and radio appearances
In September 2010, Rumer performed three songs on Later with Jools Holland. She performed with British jazz singer Jamie Cullum in the 2010 Royal Variety Performance. Also in 2010, Elton John invited Rumer to be his special guest at his BBC Electric Proms concert.On 9 May 2012, Rumer performed at the White House in a tribute concert honouring the songwriting team of Burt Bacharach and Hal David, singing the


texts:
 Bacharach-David song "A House Is Not a Home". She also participated in the finale, "What the World Needs Now Is Love". The concert, Burt Bacharach & Hal David: The Library of Congress Gershwin Prize for Popular Song in Performance at the White House, was broadcast on PBS on 21 May 2012. On 15 August 2012, Rumer appeared on episode #57 of Daryl Hall‘s webcast ‘Live From Daryl’s House’ where they performed ‘Sara Smile’ together as well as other songs including ‘Take Me As I Am’ and ‘I Can’t Go For That’. Rumer and her husband Rob Shirakbari recorded two songs for the BBC's Radio 2 from their home in Macon, Georgia while self-isolating during the COVID-19 pandemic. The two live songs "Hard Times for Lovers" and "Aretha" were aired on Ken Bruce the morning of 5 May 2020 along with an interview. Personal life
In 2010, Rumer began a relationship with Sam Winwood, the son of English songwriter, former member of the Spencer Davis Group and record producer Muff Winwood.The two separated the following year. Rumer began dating Rob Shirakbari Burt Bacharach's former musical director, whom she met after moving to Los Angeles following the release of Boys Don't Cry. The pair moved to Shirakbari's home state of Arkansas, and married there in 2015. In an interview she gave to The Independent, she said the pressures brought about by the music industry after releasing her debut album led her to being diagnosed with bipolar 2 disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. She also said in the same interview that she had a miscarriage. Awards and nominations
2011: Nominated for the Brit Award for Best British Breakthrough Act and Best British Female Solo Artist
2011: Nominated for


texts:
 the UK Asian Music Award for Best Alternative Act and Best Newcomer
2011: Won the UK Asian Music Award for Best Alternative Act
2011: Nominated for the MOJO Award for Best Breakthrough Act, Best Album with "Seasons of my Soul" and Song of the Year with "Slow"
2011: Won the MOJO Award for Best Breakthrough Act

Discography

Studio albums

Extended plays

Singles

Radio singles

Videography

Other appearances
"Slave to the Rhythm" on Trevor Horn Reimagines the Eighties
"Still Within The Sound Of My Voice" on Jimmy Webb Still Within The Sound Of My Voice

References

External links

Official website

1979 births
Living people
People from Islamabad
British women pop singers
British women singer-songwriters
Pakistani emigrants to the United Kingdom
People with bipolar disorder
Atlantic Records artists
21st-century British women  singers
East West Records


texts:
<mask> (May 15, 1802 – January 2, 1888) was a United States Army officer, a civil engineer, a prominent railroad construction superintendent and executive, and a Confederate general in the American Civil War. He was born in Virginia, lived in Maryland for much of his adult life, and returned to Virginia in 1861 after Maryland did not secede. <mask> is most famous for his role as a division commander in the assault known as Pickett's Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg. He was wounded severely in the leg during that battle, and was left on the field. He spent most of the remainder of the war as a prisoner, and was finally paroled on April 16, 1865, one week after <mask>. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia following the Battle of Appomattox Court House. Youth, education, building railroads
<mask> was born in Frederick County, Virginia, to John and <mask>, and his family moved to Culpeper County, Virginia shortly thereafter. As a young boy, <mask>'s mother and father both died of fever within a short period of time, and he was sent to live with his half-brother in Kentucky.He was nominated by U.S. Representative Henry Clay to attend the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, from which he graduated in 1822, 17th in a class of 42. Although he excelled academically in engineering, he was commissioned as a brevet second lieutenant of artillery. He served for ten years as a lieutenant in the 3rd and 1st U.S. Artillery regiments, and left the U.S. Army in May 1832, along with five of his West Point classmates, to pursue the emerging business of railroad construction. <mask> was married twice: first, in 1831 to Maria Cattell Presstman of Charleston, South Carolina, who died in 1855; second, to her sister, Ann Ferguson Presstman. By his first marriage he had two sons, David Churchill <mask> and William

masks:
Isaac Ridgeway Trimble
Trimble
Robert E
Trimble
Rachel Ridgeway Trimble
Trimble
Trimble
Trimble


texts:
 Presstman <mask>, who survived him. Soon after leaving the Army, <mask> moved to Maryland at the urging of his wife, and he subsequently considered it his home state.He helped survey the route of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. He was a construction engineer for the Boston and Providence Railroad. He was chief engineer for Pennsylvania Railroad predecessors Baltimore and Susquehanna Railroad; Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad (serving under famous American Civil War era president Samuel Morse Felton Sr.), where he was responsible for constructing the President Street Station, the line's southern terminal in east downtown waterfront  Baltimore in 1849–1850, now the oldest big city train depot left in America. Later  then <mask> went to the Philadelphia and Baltimore Central Railroad. From 1859 to 1861, he was superintendent of the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad. Following the firing on the Federal installation of Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor in South Carolina in early April 1861, he led a contingent of Maryland state militia to burn the railroad bridges around  Baltimore to prevent the entry of any more Federal regular army or Northern state militia from passing through the divided riotous city following  the bloodshed conflict of the Pratt Street Riots on April 19, 1861, on the orders of the Mayor of Baltimore George William Brown and Governor of Maryland Hicks. Civil War
At the start of the Civil War, <mask> participated in efforts to restrict the movement of Union troops to Washington, D.C., by burning bridges north of Baltimore.When he realized that Maryland would not secede from the Union, he returned to Virginia and joined the Provisional Army of the state of Virginia as a colonel of engineers in May 1861. He was appointed a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army on August 9, 1861, and was

masks: Trimble Trimble Trimble Trimble


texts: assigned to construct artillery batteries along the Potomac River and later the defenses of Norfolk, Virginia. He was given command in the Army of the Potomac (the predecessor of the Army of Northern Virginia), of a brigade that consisted of regiments from four different states, effectively merging them into a single fighting unit. <mask> first saw combat as part of Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's spring 1862 campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. He distinguished himself in the Battle of Cross Keys by fighting off an attack from Union troops under Maj. Gen. John C. Frémont, and then seizing the initiative to counterattack and rout them. During the Seven Days Battles under Jackson outside of Richmond, Virginia, his brigade had few engagements, but they fought hard at Gaines' Mill and he sought to follow up the unsuccessful Confederate assault on Malvern Hill by making a night attack, but his request was refused.In the Northern Virginia Campaign, <mask>'s brigade performed well at the Battle of Cedar Mountain and defeated a Union brigade at Freeman's Ford in mid-August. The brigade marched with Jackson around Maj. Gen. John Pope's main force and <mask> played a major role in the Battle of Manassas Station Operations, seizing a critical supply depot in Pope's rear. <mask>'s forced march and action at Manassas Station received praise from Jackson, who said it was "the most brilliant that has come under my observation during the present war." Pope was forced by this maneuver into attacking Jackson's strong defensive positions and suffered a severe defeat in the Second Battle of Bull Run. <mask> was wounded in the leg during the battle on August 29, resulting in an injury so severe that there was speculation that he was hit with an explosive bullet. Although <mask> avoided the amputation of his wounded leg, his rehabilitation proceeded

masks: Trimble Trimble Trimble Trimble Trimble Trimble


texts: slowly. For months after, doctors periodically found bone fragments that had to be extracted.By November, he developed camp erysipelas and a probable case of osteomyelitis, and his ambitions for elevation to division command were on hold until he was well enough to return to active duty. He made his desire for promotion abundantly clear to his colleagues, and in one instance before the army moved north to Manassas, he was quoted as saying (probably humorously), "General Jackson, before this war is over, I intend to be a Major General or a corpse!" Jackson wrote a strong letter of recommendation, although he tempered it by including the sentence "I do not regard him as a good disciplinarian." <mask> engaged in a letterwriting campaign from his sick bed to obtain his promotion and to challenge Jackson's claim. He wrote to Adjutant General Samuel Cooper, "If I am to have promotion I want it at once and I particularly request, that my date may be from 26 August, the date of the capture of Manassas." (During this period <mask> also feuded with Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart about their conflicting reports of the battle and who bore primary responsibility for the seizure of the Union supply depot.)<mask> was eventually promoted to major general on January 17, 1863, and assigned to the command of Jackson's old division, but he continued to be unable to command in the field due to his health. At the Battle of Chancellorsville Brig. Gen. <mask>. Colston, as the senior brigadier general, commanded <mask>'s division. A recurrence of illness forced him to turn over his division command in the Second Corps to Maj. Gen. Edward "Allegheny" Johnson and he was assigned to light duty as commander of the Valley District in the Shenandoah Valley on May 28, 1863. By June 1863, Gen. <mask>. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia had crossed the Potomac River in

masks:
Trimble
Trimble
Trimble
Raleigh E
Trimble
Robert E


texts:
 the Gettysburg Campaign. <mask> was desperate to get back into action, particularly because he was familiar with the area from his railroad days. He joined Lee's headquarters unsolicited, and wore out his welcome hanging around without formal assignment.Riding north, he caught up with Lt. Gen. <mask>. Ewell on the way to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and joined his staff as a supernumerary, or senior officer without a command. He and Ewell quarreled frequently due to this clumsy arrangement and <mask>'s lack of tact. At the Battle of Gettysburg, Ewell's Second Corps reached the battlefield in the early afternoon of the first day, July 1, 1863, smashing into the Union XI Corps and driving it south through the town to Cemetery Hill. <mask> wrote the following about his encounter with Ewell:

Observers have reported that the "impatient reply" was, "When I need advice from a junior officer I generally ask for it." They also stated that <mask> threw down his sword in disgust and stormed off. A more colorful version of this account has been immortalized in Michael Shaara's novel, The Killer Angels. On July 3, 1863, <mask> was one of the three division commanders in Pickett's Charge.He stepped in to replace Maj. Gen. W. Dorsey Pender, of Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill's corps, who had been mortally wounded the previous day. <mask> was at a great disadvantage because he had never worked with these troops before. His division participated in the left section of the assault, advancing just behind the division led by Brig. Gen. J. Johnston Pettigrew (formerly by Maj. Gen. Henry Heth). <mask> rode his horse, Jinny, and was wounded in the left leg, the same leg hit at Second Bull Run. Despite feeling faint, the 61-year-old general was able to walk back to the Confederate line on Seminary ridge.His leg was amputated by Dr. Hunter McGuire, and <mask> could

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Richard S
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 not be taken along with the retreating Confederates, because of fear of infection that would result from a long ambulance ride back to Virginia, so he was left under the care of a family in Gettysburg on July 6 as the army withdrew. <mask> complained bitterly that if his leg had been amputated at Second Bull Run, the bullet would have missed him on this occasion. He was treated in the Seminary Hospital at Gettysburg until August. Of the charge on the third day of Gettysburg, <mask> said: "If the men I had the honor to command that day could not take that position, all hell couldn't take it." Gettysburg marked the end of <mask>'s active military career. He spent the next year and a half in Federal hands at Johnson's Island and Fort Warren. He was recommended for parole soon after capture, but former U.S. Secretary of War Simon Cameron recommended against it, citing <mask>'s expert knowledge of northern railroads.In March 1865, Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant ordered <mask> to be sent to City Point, Virginia, for exchange, but by the time he reached there, <mask>. Lee's army was already retreating in the Appomattox Campaign. <mask> was finally paroled in Lynchburg, Virginia, on April 16, 1865, just after Lee's surrender. Postbellum life and heritage
After the war, <mask>, equipped with an artificial leg, returned to Baltimore, Maryland, to resume his engineering work. He died in Baltimore and is buried there in Green Mount Cemetery, arguably the most famous Maryland resident who fought for the Confederacy. In 1849, <mask> built Baltimore's historic 1849 President Street Station. The oldest big city train station in America, it was restored in 1997 to serve as the Baltimore Civil War Museum. In popular media
<mask> was played by actor W. Morgan Sheppard in the movies Gettysburg and Gods and Generals.See also

 List of American Civil

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 War generals (Confederate)

Notes

References
 Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. .
 Fiebeger, Gustave Joseph. "<mask> Trimble." In Dictionary of American Biography, American Council of Learned Societies, edited by Dumas Malone. Vol. 18. New York: Scribner's, 1936. .
 Freeman, Douglas S. Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command.3 vols. New York: Scribner, 1946. .
 Gottfried, Bradley M. Brigades of Gettysburg. New York: Da Capo Press, 2002. .
 Krick, <mask>. "<mask> Trimble." In The Confederate General, vol. 6, edited by William C. Davis and Julie Hoffman. Harrisburg, PA: National Historical Society, 1991. .
 Long, <mask>. "Gen. <mask><mask> in Captivity."The Gettysburg Magazine, Issue One, July 1989. Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. .
 Tagg, Larry. The Generals of Gettysburg. Campbell, CA: Savas Publishing, 1998. .
 <mask>, <mask>. "The Battle and Campaign of Gettysburg." Southern Historical Society Papers 26 (1898).Warner, Ezra J. Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. .

Further reading
 <mask>, David C. Furious, Insatiable Fighter: A Biography of Maj. Gen. <mask> <mask>, C.S.A. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2005. .
 Tucker, Leslie R. Major General <mask> <mask>: Biography of a Baltimore Confederate. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2005. .

1802 births
1888 deaths
People from Culpeper County, Virginia
19th-century American railroad executives
American amputees
Confederate States Army major generals
United States Army officers
United States Military Academy alumni
People of Maryland in the American Civil War
People of Virginia in the American Civil War
American Civil War prisoners of war
Burials at Green Mount Cemetery
Military

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Isaac Ridgeway
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Isaac R
. Trimble
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<mask> is a British scientist who has made important contributions to the understanding of DNA repair and the treatment of cancer resulting from DNA damage. He currently occupies the position of Senior Scientist and group leader of the DSB Repair Metabolism Laboratory at the Francis Crick Institute, London. He is also an honorary Professor at University College London. Early life and education
<mask> studied Molecular Biology at the University of Edinburgh, then studied for a Ph.D. at the University of Cambridge under Professor Steve Jackson of the Gurdon Institute from 1994 to 1998. It was at Cambridge that <mask> began researching mechanisms of DNA. He has described his first exposure to the research environment at Cambridge as "extremely influential." Research
The website of Cancer Research UK explains <mask>'s work in this way: human DNA "is constantly under assault from chemical reactions taking place in our bodies and from things we're exposed to in our everyday lives....Most of the time, DNA damage is repaired successfully by the cell.But if the cell continues to grow whilst its DNA is already damaged, it can lead to cancer." <mask> is learning about DNA damage repair "by first studying it inside a microscopic worm called C. elegans and then extending these findings to human cells," an approach that has revealed "remarkable similarities between the genes and proteins used to repair DNA damage in the worm and in humans....By studying this fundamental process of DNA damage repair, the researchers have contributed to our understanding of how faults in the system can lead to cancer." <mask> himself has explained his work at the DNA Damage Response Laboratory as follows: "DNA is a highly reactive molecule that is susceptible to damage. Fortunately, cells have evolved specialised repair processes that are remarkably efficient in correcting specific types of DNA damage. Failure to correctly repair DNA damage will lead to mutagenic change, which can contribute to ageing and cancer. Indeed, defects in genes

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 that repair DNA damage are the underlying cause of a number of hereditary ageing/cancer predisposition syndromes such as Fanconi anemia and Blooms. The focus of my lab is to identify new DNA repair genes, understand how they work in DNA repair in mitotic and meiotic cells and determine how defects in these processes contribute to human disease such as cancer.We hope that our work will provide an improved understanding of how DNA repair works and how, when DNA repair is compromised, it contributes to cancer/ageing and or infertility disorders in humans." <mask>'s research has resulted in several major breakthroughs in understanding that are viewed as highly promising with regard to the potential development of new cancer treatments. DNA Damage Response Laboratory

DNA is highly reactive and susceptible to damage from things we are exposed to in everyday life. Fortunately, DNA has evolved processes in which it has the ability to repair itself. If the damages are not repaired and it continues to grow, mutagenic changes occur causing ageing and cancer. <mask> is responsible for identifying these new DNA repair genes, understanding how these genes work in DNA, and determining how the defects in these processes contribute to human diseases. To fulfil these tasks, Boulton studies the DNA damage repair inside a specific worm called C. elegans, then extends these findings to human cells.Through this process, he has found "remarkable similarities between the genes and proteins used to repair DNA damage in the worm and in humans....By studying this fundamental process of DNA damage repair, the researchers have contributed to our understanding of how faults in the system can lead to cancer." <mask>'s research has resulted in several major breakthroughs that are viewed as highly promising with regard to the potential development of new cancer treatments. <mask>'s papers about his work have appeared in a number of major scientific journals, such as Nature, Science, Cell, and Molecular Cell. Career
After receiving his

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texts: Ph.D. from Cambridge, <mask> completed postdoctoral fellowships funded by the European Molecular Biology Organization and the Human Frontier Science Program at Harvard Medical School. He first worked under Professor Nicholas Dyson of the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, then under Professor Marc Vidal of the Dana Faber Cancer Institute at Harvard Medical School. In 2002, <mask> joined Cancer Research UK, working at its London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, in South Mimms, and in Hertfordshire. He established his own research group there, and was eventually promoted to Senior Scientist in 2007.He is a member of the Editorial Board for Genes & Development. <mask>’s PhD supervisor, Stephen P. Jackson, has said that it is <mask>'s distinctive combination of approaches that has allowed <mask> to make seminal contributions to DNA repair, genome instability, and cancer. Among <mask>'s achievements is the discovery that the gene RTEL1 serves as an anti-recombinase that affects genome stability and cancer and counteracts toxic recombination. In addition, he and his team discovered the PBZ motif and determined that ALC1 (Amplified in Liver Cancer 1) is a poly(ADP-ribose)-activated chromatin-remodelling enzyme required for DNA repair, and that poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation (PAR) is a post-translational modification of proteins that play an important role in mediating protein interactions and the recruitment of specific protein targets. Also, he has discovered that the Fanconi Anemia proteins FANCM and FAAP24 are required for checkpoint-kinase signalling (ATR) in response to DNA damage and established that DNA repair defects of Fanconi Anemia cells can be suppressed by blocking non-homologous end joining. He has also demonstrated that a newly identified helicase, RTEL1, plays a crucial role in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks by means of homologous recombination (HR) – a discovery that has great therapeutic significance and that has already led to the development of treatments, with a drug

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 currently undergoing clinical tests. The discoveries made in <mask>'s laboratory have led to new therapeutic approaches.The findings about ALC1 may prove to have significant implications for the treatment of liver cancer. The discoveries about Fanconi Anemia proteins, moreover, suggest that NHEJ inhibitors might help suppress Fanconi Anemia patients' predisposition to cancer. Honours and awards

<mask> won the Colworth Medal from the Biochemical Society in 2006, and was selected to give the EACR Young Cancer Researcher of the Year award lecture in 2008. He was presented with the Eppendorf/Nature Young Investigator Award in 2008 for his research into DNA damage, specifically his work with RTEL1. He became a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in 2009, and was awarded a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award in 2010. He won the EMBO Gold Medal in 2011 for his research on DNA repair mechanisms. The election committee said that it was "particularly impressed by his pioneering role in establishing the nematode worm, C. elegans, as a model system to study genome instability."In 2011, <mask> was chosen to give the Royal Society Francis Crick Prize Lecture, an honour awarded annually by the Royal Society. He was selected for this honour in recognition of his achievements in the field of DNA repair. <mask> was elected as a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2012. In 2013, <mask> was the recipient of the Paul Marks Prize for Cancer Research, which recognises a new generation of leaders in cancer research who are making significant contributions to the understanding of cancer. References

1972 births
Members of the European Molecular Biology Organization
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Academics of University College London
People from Leeds
20th-century British biologists
21st-century British biologists
British geneticists
British medical researchers
Cancer researchers
Living people
Academics of the Francis Crick Institute
Scientists

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<mask> (born November 20, 1971) is an American former professional football player who is an analyst with ESPN. He was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). <mask> was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks with the eighth overall pick of the 1995 NFL Draft, and also played for the Dallas Cowboys, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, New England Patriots, Pittsburgh Steelers and Washington Redskins. He played college football for the Ohio State Buckeyes. He is the NFL's career leader in receiving yards and receiving touchdowns among players never selected to the Pro Bowl. Early years
<mask> played high school football at Bellaire High School in Bellaire, Ohio  During his senior year, he caught 52 passes for 1208 yards and eight touchdowns. He also was an All-Ohio choice in basketball and won the state championship in both the 100 and 200 meter dash in track.College career
<mask> played college football at Ohio State. While there he earned many honors and finished in the top five all time in many of Ohio State's receiving records. During his junior year, he caught 47 passes for 946 yards and tied Cris Carter with a school record 11 touchdowns. His great play earned him First-Team All-Big Ten Conference honors as a junior. During his senior year, he made 44 receptions for 769 yards and seven touchdowns, and earned Second-Team All-Big Ten Conference. He finished his college career fourth in both career receptions with 108 and receiving yards with 1,494, and second in touchdown receptions behind Cris Carter with 19. Professional career

Seattle Seahawks
<mask> was selected by the Seattle Seahawks eighth overall in the 1995 NFL Draft.He made an immediate impact for the Seahawks, setting franchise season records for a rookie with 67 receptions, 1,067

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Joseph Scott Galloway
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 receiving yards and three 100-yard games. He also had success as a punt returner, returning 36 punts for 360 yards and a touchdown. During his second year he started all 16 games for the Seahawks, leading the team in receptions with 57, receiving yards with 987 and touchdowns with seven. During his third year in 1997 he made 72 receptions for 1,049 yards and 12 touchdowns. In 1998, he reached double digit receiving touchdowns for the second consecutive year with ten. He finished the season with 65 receptions for 1,047 yards. During the 1999 season he played in only eight games due to a contract dispute and a holdout that reached 101 days.When he came back he made 22 receptions for 335 yards and only one touchdown. Overall, he finished his career with the Seahawks with 283 receptions for 4,457 yards and 37 touchdowns in 71 games. On February 12, 2000, The Seahawks traded <mask> to the Dallas Cowboys in exchange for their first round selections in the 2000 and 2001 NFL Drafts (which would produce Shaun Alexander and Koren Robinson). Dallas Cowboys
With quarterback Troy Aikman playing his last years and Michael Irvin looking to retire after suffering a career-ending injury in the 1999 season, the Dallas Cowboys were seeking an elite wide receiver to pair with Raghib Ismail and thus turned to the Seattle Seahawks for the rights to <mask>, signing him to a deal that made him the second highest paid wide receiver in the league at the time. During his first season with the Cowboys, <mask> played in only one game after tearing the ACL in his left knee in the fourth quarter of the season opener against the Philadelphia Eagles. He finished the game with four receptions for 62 yards and a touchdown. The next year, he rebounded from the injury, starting all

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 16 games and finishing second on the team in receptions with 52 and receiving yards with 699 and first in receiving touchdowns with three.In 2002, <mask> started all 16 games, making 61 receptions for 908 yards and six touchdowns. In 2003, he started 13 of 14 games, making 34 catches for 672 yards and two touchdowns and led the NFL with a 19.8 yards-per-catch average. He finished his career with the Cowboys with 151 receptions for 2,341 yards and 12 touchdowns. Besides the loss of the two first round draft selections, his contract contributed to the salary cap problems that affected Dave Campo's years as head coach. On March 19, 2004, the Cowboys traded <mask> to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers for Keyshawn Johnson. Tampa Bay Buccaneers
<mask> suffered a groin injury in the season opener against the Washington Redskins and was inactive for the next six games of the 2004 season, playing in ten games, he made 33 receptions for 416 yards and five touchdowns. After the season, he re-signed with the Bucs.In 2005, he enjoyed his best season as a professional, catching a career-high 83 passes (fifth in team history) for 1,287 yards (second in team history) and ten touchdowns. The next year, he started 14 of 16 games, making 62 receptions for 1,057 and seven touchdowns. It was also just the second time in Bucs history that a player had gone over the 1,000 yard receiving mark in back-to-back seasons (Keyshawn Johnson was the first). In 2007, he played in 15 games, making 57 receptions for 1,014 yards and six touchdowns, becoming the first player in franchise history to register three consecutive 1,000-yard receiving seasons. After starting the first two games, he suffered a foot injury that forced him to miss most of 2008 season (played in 9 games), finishing


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 with only 13 receptions for 138 yards. He was released on February 25, 2009. He finished his career with the Buccaneers with 248 receptions for 3,912 yards and 28 touchdowns.New England Patriots
<mask> signed a one-year deal with the New England Patriots on March 14, 2009, as a free agent. Although healthy, he was inactive for Weeks 4-6 of the 2009 season due to a lack of production and difficulty in learning the Patriots offense. He was released on October 20. Pittsburgh Steelers
On December 22, 2009, <mask> was signed as a free agent by the Pittsburgh Steelers after wide receiver Limas Sweed was placed on the Reserve/Non-Football Illness list. He was not re-signed by the Steelers at the end of the season. Washington Redskins
<mask> signed with the Washington Redskins on April 28, 2010. He was waived by the team on November 27 and wide receiver Terrence Austin was promoted from the practice squad to replace him.He had 12 catches for 173 yards in 10 games. NFL career statistics

Post-football career

In 2012, <mask> joined ESPN as a college football analyst. <mask> co-owned the Arena Football League team Columbus Destroyers from 2003 to 2008. References

External links

1971 births
Living people
People from Bellaire, Ohio
Players of American football from Ohio
American football wide receivers
American football return specialists
African-American sports announcers
African-American sports journalists
ESPN people
Ohio State Buckeyes football players
Seattle Seahawks players
Dallas Cowboys players
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
New England Patriots players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Washington Redskins players
Arena Football League executives
American television sports announcers
College football announcers
XFL (2020) broadcasters
10,000 receiving

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<mask>  was a Canadian-born American director, writer and producer. He co-wrote the 1999 film Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo with Rob Schneider and the 2002 film The Master of Disguise with Dana Carvey. In 2007, <mask> wrote and directed the film Numb, inspired by his own experiences battling an anxiety disorder. Early life
<mask> was born in Hamilton, Ontario. He studied at McMaster University and received a B.A. degree in English. While attending McMaster, <mask> started to write, create films, and host and perform radio shows, stand-up comedy at clubs around Toronto, and play in his rock band called Oliver Twist.A Clash-like foursome known for their on-stage personal tension, during one memorable New Year's Eve gig, at the reputedly mob-owned Jockey Club, <mask> smashed his entire drum kit and broke his arm. <mask>'s first passion was tennis. He reached a Canadian National Junior Tennis ranking of number two. After taking a year off to pursue the Satellite tennis circuit, he came to the conclusion that tennis would not be his life's work. <mask> was frequently quoted as saying that, "he had strokes, but not the head." Film career
<mask> returned to writing. His older brother, <mask>, had attained success writing and producing films, including Stripes and Meatballs, both starring Bill Murray.<mask> moved to Los Angeles, where he sold his first screenplay within a week. He signed with the William Morris Agency, and soon secured his first job writing for Matty Simmons, owner of National Lampoon and producer of Animal House. A multi-picture deal at Disney followed, including: I'll Be Home for Christmas starring Jonathan Taylor Thomas and Jessica Biel; a sequel to The Mighty Ducks; and the

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 award-winning Hallmark film, A Step Toward Tomorrow, a story about two young brothers, one bound to a wheelchair after an accident. Premiering to rave reviews during CBS Sweeps Week in the winter of 1996, the film was also noted for a touching and memorable performance by Christopher Reeve, in his first acting role after his tragic horseback riding accident. In 2003, <mask> directed the short film, Where's Angelo?, a Get Shorty-style production, which starred Robert Forster, Michael Madsen, Beverly D'Angelo, and Wolfgang Bodison and was honored at the Hollywood Film Festival. Deuce Bigalow
<mask> became friends with SNL alum Rob Schneider, and together they gave a series of stand-up comedy performances, including co-hosting the Montreal Comedy Festival and a memorable appearance on Late Night with Conan O'Brien, where the duo performed as the satirical Blue Man Ass Group. <mask> subsequently accompanied Schneider to Chicago, where Schneider was to be master of ceremonies at a fundraiser for President Bill Clinton and Vice President Al Gore.An hour before the event, <mask> was asked to fill in by Clinton himself, after the Secret Service expressed concerns that Schneider's public image - he was then starring in Men Behaving Badly - might reflect unfavorably on the President. <mask> later described the experience as the most surreal of his life. <mask> went on to write and co-produce Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo under Adam Sandler's Happy Madison shingle. Touchstone acquired the project after a bidding war with New Line. Modestly budgeted at $16.5 million, the film was a box office success, grossing $68 million domestically and over $100 million internationally. <mask> next partnered with

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 Dana Carvey, writing and co-producing The Master of Disguise for Sony Pictures, which grossed a profitable $40 million domestically. Without a Paddle followed, starring Seth Green, Matthew Lillard, Dax Sheppard and Burt Reynolds which grossed $58 million for Paramount Pictures.Anxiety and Numb
<mask> crossed over to television writing during this period, selling pilots to HBO, CBS, NBC, ABC, TNT and USA. It was during this time that <mask> began suffering from depersonalization disorder, an anxiety and stress reaction he calls the most hideous and frightening time of his life. He would go on to say that he did not know if he would make it from one day to the next. After recovering, <mask> wrote the screenplay Numb about the experience. Actor Matthew Perry attached himself to the project, and soon afterward <mask> landed his feature film directorial debut with a cast that included Mary Steenburgen, Kevin Pollak, and Lynn Collins. The film won many festival awards, including Best Feature at Chicago's GenArt Film Festival and the Ojai International Film Festival. <mask> has stated that the film was not only cathartic personally, but that it also proved helpful to many sufferers and drew attention to the disorder from the medical community.In May 2013, <mask> started his second directorial effort on Alex & the List. Shooting was completed in Los Angeles, and Patrick Fugit stars with Jennifer Morrison, Karen Gillan, Aaron Staton, Eddie Kaye Thomas, Giles Martini, JoBeth Williams and Victoria Tennant. The film was released on May 4, 2018, by Gravitas Ventures. Teaching
Between projects, <mask> began teaching film at UCLA with an emphasis on the practicalities of surviving the business. He


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 subsequently became a Professor of Film & Television at McMaster University in Ontario Canada. He also regularly contributes OP-EDS on personal experiences in the entertainment industry for The Hamilton Spectator, his hometown newspaper. Upcoming

He will be writing and directing Quick Draw, announced in 2017, starring Academy Award winner Common.Lorenzo Di Bonaventura will produce. In February 2020 <mask>'s next feature, "ABILENE," was set to begin production in Toronto. <mask> is currently writing/directing the television pilots "ALGONQUIN" for CBC Canada and "EARTHBOUND" for French based PIXCOM MEDIA. References

External links

Hollywoodawards.com
Evolvingpicturesentertainment.com
Deadline.com
 https://www.thespec.com/opinion-story/9547838-from-hollywood-back-to-hamilton/
 https://www.thespec.com/opinion-story/9617874-opinion-depression-and-anxiety-are-the-ultimate-humblers/
 https://www.thespec.com/opinion-story/9704650-living-with-donald-trump-a-hamilton-perspective-in-hollywood/

1972 births
American film directors
American film producers
American male screenwriters
Canadian emigrants to the United States
Canadian film producers
Canadian male screenwriters
Film directors from Ontario
Living people
Writers from Hamilton, Ontario
21st-century Canadian

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<mask> (born 8 February 1964) is an Indian cinematographer, film director, producer and actor known for his works in Malayalam cinema, Tamil cinema and Hindi cinema. <mask> graduated from the Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) and has to date completed 55 feature films and 50 documentaries. He is a founding member of the Indian Society of Cinematographers (ISC) and is the most awarded Director of Photography (DOP) in India. <mask> became the first Cinematographer in the Asia-Pacific region to join the American Society of Cinematographers (ASC) membership. As a cinematographer, he has won five National Film Awards – including four for Best Feature Film Cinematography. As of 2014, he has received eleven National Film Awards, and twenty one international awards for his works. He was awarded the Padma Shri for his contributions to Indian cinema in 2014.Early life and education

<mask> was born into a family of artists. His grandmother used to teach painting and music in the palace and as a child he accompanied her to the palace. These visits gave him an opportunity to become familiar with the paintings of Raja Ravi Varma, a nineteenth-century Indian painter whose renowned works were themes from Hindu history, and everyday life of his times. <mask> was educated at Loyola School, Thiruvananthapuram and at Mar Ivanios College, Thiruvananthapuram. His father <mask> used to make documentaries and during holidays <mask> helped with this. He is the younger brother of filmmaker Sangeeth <mask> and elder brother of Sanjeev <mask>. Career

<mask>, a founder member of the Indian Society of Cinematographers and the most awarded Director of Photography in India, graduated from the Film and Television Institute of India and went on to completing 45 features and 41 documentaries.He was awarded the National Award for best

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 Cinematographer for the films Perumthachan (Malayalam/1991), Kalapani (Malayalam / 1996), Mohiniyattam (Malayalam / 1991), Iruvar (Tamil/1998) and Dil Se.. (Hindi/1999). <mask> was honoured by the Japanese Society of Cinematographers and has been on the Jury for the Busan Film Festival. He is a "mentor" to students for Mira Nair's "Maisha Film Lab: in Uganda and is a director to the Sivan Foundation of photography. He was also a governing council member at the Pune Film Institute. As a director, <mask> won his first National Award in 1988 for the film Story of Tiblu (1988). His film Halo was honoured at the 43rd National Film Awards as the Best Children's Film and Best Sound. Late 1999s and present

<mask> received worldwide accolades for The Terrorist (presented by John Malkovich), which won the Best Director, Best Actress Awards and the Golden Pyramid Award for The Best Film at the 23rd Cairo International Film Festival.It was awarded the National Award (1999) for The Best Tamil Film and was an Official Selection at the Sundance, Seattle and Toronto Film Festivals of that year. The film was also listed in Roger Ebert's 100 Best Films (1999). the film was Quoted as being "a film scripted by the camera"

Following the success of The Terrorist, <mask>'s film Malli won the National Award for Best Environmental Film in India (2000), the National Award in India for Best Child Artist (2000) and was honoured at the 18th International Festival of Film for Children in Poznan, Poland, where it won the Poznan Goat for Best Director, Best Child Actress, Best Music and the Best Film-Audience Award at the Indian Film Festival|Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles in Los Angeles. <mask>'s subsequent films include Asoka, which screened at the Venice and Toronto Film Festivals (2001) and Navarasa, which won the National Award for Best

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 Tamil Film (2004) and the Monaco Award for Best Film & Best Supporting Actor awarded at the Lyons Film Festival. The latter also participated in the Pusan and Rotterdam Film Festivals. His debut Malayalam Language film as director, Anandabhadram (2005), went on to win several State Awards, including Best Director & Best Cinematographer. <mask> has worked as the Cinematographer in Gurinder Chadha's Bride & Prejudice (2004) and Paul Mayeda Berges' The Mistress of Spices (2005).<mask> directed Before the Rains, which is premiered as a Special Presentation at the Toronto International Film Festival (2007). In addition, his short film Prarambha, which was created for the Bill and Melinda Gates AIDS Foundation, also premiered at the Mavericks section of the Festival. It won the National Awards 2007 for Best Producer and Best Director in the Educational and Motivational Film category. His latest Malayalam film, Urumi (2011) was screened at the Indian Panorama of the International Film Festival of India to be held in Goa 2012, to Busan and NHK film festivals. He was also the cinematographer for the Tamil movie Thuppakki, starring Vijay and directed by AR Murugadoss. In an interview, he said that some films he chose, not mostly because of the story but due to the very fact that he was comfortable with the director, a bigger pay cut and friendship things. Production

In 2008, Santosh Sivan Films was formed, as a Pvt ltd concern, with Producer Mubina Rattonsey and Milind Verekar.The company has not only handled film ventures successfully but has to its credit numerous commercials, documentaries and music videos as well. Feature film credits include Terrorist, Malli, Navarasa, Anandabhadram, A Hollywood film "Before the Rains" for Echo Lake Productions, Prarambha, a short film for The Bill and Melinda Gates AIDS Foundation, Tahaan-A

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 Boy with the Grenade, Urumi-Vasco Da Gama and more recently done Ceylon.Tahaan, won a High Commendation in Children's Feature Film section at the 2009 Asia Pacific Screen Awards and UNICEF Award at 11th Olympia International Film Festival for Children and Young People in 2008 held at Greece. It also won "The German Star of India award" at "Bollywood and Beyond" festival at Stuttgart Germany in 2009. Documentary
<mask>'s documentary Farmers Portrait is near completion. He makes films on health and environment issues, like the Polio campaign with Amitabh Bachchan. His 2007 release, Prarambha won the National Film Award for Best Educational/Motivational/Instructional Film at the 55th National Film Awards. The film dealt with the stigma attached to an HIV + person.It dealt with a little boy who had been ostracised from school only because he is diagnosed with HIV. This film highlighted the plight of the boy and highlighted the ignorance of the society towards this virus. This was produced by the Bill and Melinda Gates Aids foundation and was shot entirely in Mysore. International Young Audience Film Festival
2000 - The Terrorist – Panorama Jury Prize for Honorable Mention at Sarajevo Film Festival
2000 - Malli Emerging Masters Showcase Award at Seattle International Film Festival Awards
2004 - Malli – Audience Award for Best Feature Film at Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles
2005 - Navarasa-Monaco International Film Festival (Monaco)
 Won - Best Supporting Actor - Bobby Darling
 Won - Angel Independent Spirit Award - Navarasa - <mask> <mask>
2008 - Before the Rains - Grand Award for Best Theatrical Feature at WorldFest Houston International Film Festival
2008 - Before the Rains - Crystal Kodak award for best cinematography. 2009 - Tahaan won a High Commendation in Children's Feature Film section at the 2009 Asia Pacific

masks: Santosh Santosh Sivan


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<mask> (1904–1979) was a German musicologist, collector, and classical music promoter in South Africa. Early life
He was born in Germany, into a family interested and involved in classical music. His mother, Johanna Nathan was a professional soprano, and performed for noted composers such as Brahms, Tchaikovsky, Busoni and Julius Stockhausen (who was her tutor). He studied music under Eduard Jung (a piano teacher from Dr Hoch's Conservatorium, Frankfurt, specialising in talented future prospects) and left Nazi Germany for South Africa in 1933. There he was employed by a hardware Wholesaler Corporation, and frequently performed keyboard works on air with the South African Broadcasting Corporation. Contact and interaction with the musical scene in Southern Africa
His passion for classical music grew as he matured, and fed his desire to offer South African music lovers the highest quality of international concert presence. He was Chairman of the Johannesburg Music Society (South Africa's oldest Musical Society, a registered non-profit organisation) from 1954 through till 1969, when he became honorary chairman.The Society was among the first to invite many international artists and groups to perform in South Africa, and quickly expanded. Johannesburg soon became the centre of performers' broad African tours, that included the large cities of South Africa (Pretoria, Durban, East London, Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, recordings with the South African Broadcasting Corporation -SABC-) as well as visits to Kenya, the former Northern and Southern Rhodesia, Mozambique, the Islands of Mauritius and Reunion, the former South West Africa, Angola and sometimes the former Belgian Congo. Consequently, the quality and variety of concert life and classical music appreciation in Southern Africa improved vastly. For this achievement and the musical museum he had built up, a PhD(Hon) degree from the University of the


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 Witwatersrand was conferred on him in 1978. The collection and museum

This passion for, and love of music consumed most of his spare time, and after World War II, he began expanding on the small library inherited from his father with classical music dictionaries, encyclopaedias, manuscripts, complete composer compendiums, etc. in many languages, and volumes of music scores. In addition, he acquired ancient and early keyboard instruments -a 1589 Clavicytherium, Clavichords, a Glasschord, Spinettino, Harpsichords, a Hammerklavier and early pianos (eventually comprising 19 instruments, plus 2 modern Steinway Grands)- depicting the development of the piano; the collection also included a Viola d'Amore.His library grew very comprehensive, especially in keyboard compositions and productions, and, together with the instrument collection, evolved into a museum housed in his Johannesburg home. Tours for University students were sometimes conducted, and the SABC periodically aired early composers' works which he would perform there, (often together with touring overseas performers) on authentic Harpsichord(s) or a Clavichord or Hammerklavier. Most of the musicians and groups touring Southern Africa through his invitation, between 1954 and 1978 were invited to browse in the Library and or try out the instruments. A number discovered interesting or little-known works. (See note 7 in: examples of unusual works referenced.) The Fine Arts Departments of South African Universities were very interested in the Museum (which was considered by some musicologists to be one of the more outstanding museums of this nature in private hands), and it was eventually willed to the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, who opened a "Hans Adler Memorial Museum" in their Arts Building in 1980. Examples of unusual works referenced
At one time he donated to the British Museum, who did not possess this, one of his two rare


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 copies of Frontispice by Ravel, music which was unknown, as Ravel had violated his publisher's sole publishing rights when it appeared in the popular Paris magazine "Feuillets d'art" in 1919

Are there just 5 Beethoven piano concertos?H.A. has collection evidence of a 6th piano concerto of Beethoven's, and two other piano concertos that may be regarded as Beethoven's works
A violin & piano sonata with two movements by Robert Schumann, one by Brahms and one by Albert Dietrich, in honour of Joachim
A Schumann quartet for 4 horns and piano
A Schumann andante and variations for two pianos, two cellos and French Horn long out of print, as Schumann rearranged it for two pianos alone
Variations on a Russian theme, written by Artciboucheff, Wihtol, Liadov, Rimsky-Korsakoff, Sokolow and <mask>nov
An original Josef Suk (composer) string orchestra serenade
Leopold Mozart's 1st edition (1756) of a Violin Tutor book
A 1492 Incunabula by Boetius. Treatise: Arithmetica Geometria et Musica Boetii

Borodin's almost forgotten piano quintet
A signed, numbered copy of Karlheinz Stockhausen's "Skizzen und Manuskripte" and one of Detlef Kieffer's "3 Pieces Breves" donated to him when they toured S.A.
A composition for him by John Ogdon and another by Julian Dawson-Lyell. Information and some photographs of the above examples can be seen on the H.A. "showcase of rare and unusual works" site. He also donated, to South African Composer/Conductor/SABC Head of Music <mask>r Music Collection" for which Mr. Fagan had been searching for a decade. Discoveries of unusual Cello Works by local cello enthusiast/journalist, Joe Sack, which he passed on to other professionals, works such as:
Theme and Variations on a Purcell Motif by von Weber
The Rheinberger Cello Sonatas
a little-known Concerto by Alcan
Over one hundred and twenty five Touring musicians' dedicated photographs, recital programs and music-room comments during their Southern

masks:
Alexander Glazu
Gideon Faganische


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<mask> (April 11, 1917 – September 6, 1996) was an outfielder in Major League Baseball. From 1939 through 1953, he played for the Detroit Tigers (1939–42, 1946), Philadelphia Athletics (1946–1948, 1950–1951), Cincinnati Reds (1951) and Cleveland Indians (1951–1953). <mask> batted left-handed and threw right-handed. <mask> played in 1170 games, 535 in center field and 477 in left field. He had a career batting average of .312. Early years
<mask> was born in Coal Run, Pennsylvania, the last of nine children. His mother died when he was one year old, and <mask> moved to Detroit at age 4 with his older brother <mask>.<mask> grew up in Detroit in the midst of the Great Depression. He later recalled: "Nobody had any money. We took mustard sandwiches and ketchup sandwiches to school." <mask> attended Southwestern High School in Detroit, where he was All-City and captain in both baseball and basketball. McCosky had a .727 batting average his senior year — a Detroit public school record. Professional baseball player

Minor leagues
In 1936, <mask> was signed out of high school by scout Wish Egan. In 1936, he hit .400 for the Charleston Senators and led the Mid-Atlantic League.He played next for the Beaumont Exporters from 1936 to 1938. He hit .318 in 1937 and .307 in 1938. Detroit Tigers
In 11 major league seasons, <mask> was a .312 hitter with 24 home runs and 397 RBIs in 1,170 games played. <mask> was a good contact hitter who hit over .300 in six of his first seven seasons. A fine outfielder with a strong throwing arm, he

masks:
William Barney McCosky
McCosky
McCosky
McCosky
McCosky
Tony McCosky
McCosky
McCosky
McCosky
McCosky
McCosky


texts: collected a .984 fielding average with only 41 errors in 2579 chances. In 1939, <mask>'s rookie season, he was an immediate success both at bat and in the field. He started 145 games in center field and hit for a .311 batting average — trailing only Hank Greenberg and his boyhood hero, Charlie Gehringer, among the Tigers' starters.With great range and speed in the outfield, he led all American League outfielders with 428 putouts and led the league's center fielders with a .986 fielding percentage. His 1939 Range factor of 3.00 was a career-high and 0.65 points above the league average. He was also near the top of the American League leaderboard in 1939 with 120 runs scored (fourth), 190 hits (fourth), 20 stolen bases (fourth),  262 times on base (fifth), 33 doubles (sixth) and 14 triples (second). He placed 27th in the American League Most Valuable Player voting. His most productive season came for the  Detroit Tigers American League champions, when he was among the AL league leaders with a .340 batting average (6th in the AL), 200 hits (tied for 1st in the AL), 19 triples (1st in the AL), 123 runs (3rd in the AL), 264 times on base (4th in the AL), and 39 doubles (7th in the AL). In the World Series, he hit .304 (7-for-23) with five runs as Detroit lost to the Cincinnati Reds in seven games. <mask> finished No.16 in the MVP voting for 1940. Since 1940, the only Tiger to exceed <mask>'s 19 triples is Curtis Granderson in 2007. <mask> had another solid season in 1941, as he hit .324 and finished No. 15 in the

masks: McCosky McCosky McCosky McCosky


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 American League MVP voting. U. S. Navy
In December 1942, <mask> joined the United States Navy during World War II. <mask> lost three years in the prime of his career (at ages 26–28) to military service during World War II. He was discharged in October 1945.Philadelphia Athletics
<mask> returned to Detroit in 1946. After a disappointing .198 start in 25 games, he was traded to the Philadelphia Athletics in mid-May for George Kell. In his autobiography, Kell recalled being shocked that the Tigers would trade a "legitimate star" and "hometown boy" like <mask> for an "unknown third baseman." At the time of the trade, <mask> told Kell: "You'll be better off here in Detroit. You're going to love it here. I hate to leave because this is home. I've had good years here."Playing for manager Connie Mack, <mask> broke out of his early season slump and hit .354 for the A's. In 1947, <mask> batted .328 (2nd best in the AL) for the Athletics and finished a career-best No. 11 in the AL MVP voting. In 1948, he hit .326 (5th best in the AL), had a .405 on-base percentage (6th in the AL), and scored 95 runs. <mask> missed the entire 1949 season after a back injury, and was never the same batter afterward. He returned to the Athletics in 1950, but his average dropped 86 points from .326 in 1948 to .240 in 1950. On April 26, 1951, <mask> broke up a no-hitter bid of Washington Senators Connie Marrero with a home run.Cincinnati and Cleveland
One week later, <mask> was sold to the Cincinnati Reds. He was then released and picked up off

masks: McCosky McCosky McCosky McCosky McCosky McCosky McCosky McCosky McCosky McCosky


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 waivers by the Cleveland Indians. He managed only 37 hits in 1951 for a .268 average. <mask> finished his career playing with the Indians, as his batting average dropped further to .213 in 1952 and .190 in 1953. Six times he was considered in the American League MVP vote (1939–42, 1947–48). In 1995, he was inducted into the National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame. Later years
<mask> married his wife, Jane, in 1946.After his baseball career ended, he operated <mask>'s party store on Joy Road between Greenfield and Southfield in Detroit from 1953 to 1963. He then worked as an automobile salesman at Les Stanford Chevrolet in Dearborn, Michigan, until he retired in 1982. In 1982, <mask> and his wife moved in Venice, Florida, where they lived for 14 years. In 1996, <mask> died from jaw cancer at Bon Secour-Venice Hospital in Venice. He was buried at
Holy Sepulchre Cemetery in Southfield, Michigan. In 1957, a baseball little league was formed and named the <mask> Little League. See also
 List of Major League Baseball annual triples leaders

References

External links
Baseball Library

1917 births
1996 deaths
American people of Polish descent
Baseball players from Pennsylvania
Beaumont Exporters players
Charleston Senators players
Cincinnati Reds players
Cleveland Indians players
Detroit Tigers players
Major League Baseball center fielders
Major League Baseball left fielders
Philadelphia Athletics players
Baseball players from Detroit
Southwestern High School (Michigan) alumni
United States Navy personnel of World

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McCosky
Barney McCosky
McCosky
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Barney McCosky


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<mask> (born 1926 - died 1991) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Italian Communist Party and a leading figure in the city government of Reggio Emilia in northern Italy. In this position he promoted links between Reggio Emilia and southern African countries, in particular anti-colonial and anti-apartheid movements. For this work he was posthumously given the Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo award by the South African presidency. Early life
He got a diploma as a factory designer; then he began working for the municipality of Reggio Emilia. From 14 June 1944, he took part in the Italian Resistance against Fascism and Nazism; in the same period he joined the Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI). At the end of the Second World War, he began working in the Officine Reggiane factory and, due to his organizational and managerial qualities, he was appointed Deputy Secretary of PCI Section Santa Croce “Reggiane-Officine Meccaniche Italiane” and member of the trade union inside the factory.He led the struggle against the shutdown of the factory but this caused him some periods of detention. Nevertheless, he continued defense of workers’ rights. In fact, along those years he was news editor of the magazine “La voce operaia”, an insert of magazine “La Verità”. Political activities

The period of PCI
After the shutdown of Officine Reggiane, <mask> went to Rome, where he attended the Istituto di Studi Comunisti (better known as Scuola delle Frattocchie) and passed a test to become journalist. This allowed him to work in the Press and Propaganda Section of the Party. In the late Fifties, he went to the USSR to attend a course about economic and political theories, while Nikita Khrushchev was leading the country. Here <mask> learned

masks:
Giuseppe Soncini
Soncini
Soncini


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 Russian language and got in touch with many students, some of them from Asian and African countries.After the Russian experience, by 1960, <mask> managed the "Ufficio Studi Provinciale" of PCI of Reggio Emilia: during the first half of Sixties, he published some reports and articles on economic, working and social conditions of Reggio Emilia district. The roles of Chairman of Reggio Emilia’s Hospital and of Deputy Mayor
In 1964, he served as a city councillor of Scandiano’s municipality; then in 1967, he served as board member of Hospital Santa Maria Nuova of Reggio Emilia. When the hospital became Ente Ospedaliero Provinciale, <mask> was appointed as Chairman. In 1970, <mask> Benassi became Mayor. The same mayor entrusted him as Deputy Mayor on International Relationships in 1977, and, in 1980 as Deputy Mayor on Finance Department.His presence in the city council was confirmed both in 1980 and 1985, but he decided to leave in 1986. He was politically active until 1990 when he became provincial Secretary of Local Autonomies League. International relationships

<mask> had an important role in leading Reggio Emilia into a network of international relationships, in particular with southern African countries. Mozambique
While <mask> was Chairman of AROER, after a visit of a FRELIMO delegation, he proposed a twinning agreement between Reggio Emilia’s Hospital and the Hospital Central of Cabo Delgado to help liberated zones of Mozambique. In 1970, a pact ratified this twinning agreement and a Committee for Medical aid to Mozambican people was established and <mask> was appointed Chairman. The aid project was developed with physician Silvio Pampiglione and FRELIMO's Direcçao de Saude (health care management): it was decided to send

masks:
Giuseppe Soncini
Giuseppe Soncini
SonciniUgo
Soncini
Soncini
Soncini


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 medicines, health facilities and Italian practitioners in order to assist injured people and to train local healthcare assistants. In 1972 <mask> visited Tanzania and liberated zones of Mozambique.On that occasion Franco Cigarini filmed a documentary. <mask> returned to Mozambique in 1975 to take part to celebrations of independence from Portugal and to sign a twinning agreement between Reggio Emilia and the city of Pemba, capital of Cabo Delgado, in order to improve technical and institutional collaboration and to reinforce the collaboration and friendship with Mozambican leaders such as Samora Machel, Joaquim Chissano and Marcelino dos Santos. In 1977 the “Comitato Unitario per l’amicizia, la cooperazione e la solidarietà con i popoli” was established. South Africa
In the same year, on 26 June, the "Pact of Solidarity between Reggio Emilia and the African National Congress" was approved and signed by the mayor Ugo Benassi and Oliver Tambo. The following year, which UN proclaimed “International Year against Apartheid”, the publication of Italian version of “Sechaba”, the official magazine of ANC, started. <mask> was managing editor of it until 1984 when the last issue was published. Sechaba helped to raise awareness of the international struggle against apartheid in Italy.In 1978, <mask> organized in Reggio Emilia the “National Conference of solidarity for independence and the sovereignty of Southern Africa Peoples against colonialism, racism and apartheid”, with the participation of delegates from ANC, Sof SWAPO, of Zanu-Zapu, of Mozambique and of other Southern African countries, as well as Italian leaders. On that occasion it was decided to organize a solidarity ship for southern Africa. In April 1979 the National Committee was

masks:
Soncini
Soncini
Soncini
Giuseppe Soncini


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 established, with <mask> as Coordinator, with the purpose to realize initiatives and campaigns to help anti-colonialist movements in Africa. National and International institutions referred to this Committee during those years. The Committee organized both solidarity ships Amanda (in 1980 from Genoa) and Rea Silvia (in 1984 from Livorno), bound for Namibia and South Africa respectively, with aid and facilities. During the Eighties <mask> continued his activity of political and social commitment for African populations. He also promoted the conferring of honorary citizenship of Rome on Nelson Mandela in 1983.In 1987, <mask> was invited by Oliver Tambo, ANC’s Chairman, to participate at the Arusha International Conference in Tanzania, an important event dealing with democratic transition in South Africa. The last years
In the last years of his life <mask>, with his wife Bruna Ganapini, organized his personal archive, bearing witness to his role in Reggio Emilia’s community and his international solidarity work. <mask> died in Parma on 4 April 1991, after a heart surgery operation. Marcelino dos Santos delivered the funeral speech and Benny Nato, as delegate of ANC in Italy, took part in the ceremony. Awards
In April 2013, <mask> posthumously received the Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo bronze award, an honour conferred by South Africa to people from other countries people who have been distinguished in the fight against apartheid and solidarity with liberation movements in Southern Africa. The award was delivered to his widow, Bruna Ganapini. The citation read:

Sources

 Biography of <mask> from Soncini-Cigarini Archive

1926 births
1991 deaths
Italian resistance movement members
People from Reggio Emilia
Italian Communist

masks:
Soncini
Giuseppe Soncini
Soncini
Soncini
Giuseppe Soncini
Giuseppe Soncini
Giuseppe Soncini


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According to the Mahāvaṃsa chronicle, Prince <mask> (c. 543–505 BCE) was the first Sinhalese king. Legends say that he and several hundred followers came to Sri Lanka after they were banished from Sinhapura. In Sri Lanka, <mask> and his settlers defeated a yaksha near "Thammena" (Tambapaṇṇī, believed to be in the central or western part of the island), eventually displacing the island's previous inhabitants from their city of Sirisavatthu. <mask>'s marriage to Kuveni, a daughter of a yaksha leader, may have cemented his ability to reign the kingdom of Tambapanni. However, Kuveni's renunciation of her people for love did not last long; Vijay betrayed her for a princess from India. Kuveni had two children by Vijaya, whose fate is unknown. Sources and variations
Four versions of the legend explain the origin of the Sinhalese people.In all the versions, a prince comes to the island of Lanka and establishes a community which gives rise to the Sinhalese people. The Mahavamsa and Dipavamsa identify the prince as <mask>, and the other two legends have different names for the prince. Mahavamsa: In this version, <mask>'s grandmother is a princess whose ancestry traces to the Vanga and Kalinga kingdoms (present-day Bengal and Odisha). She bears two children with Sinha ("lion"), who keeps them in captivity in a forest. After the princess and her children escape their captivity, her son Sinhabahu kills Sinha. Prince <mask>, the son of Sinhabahu, founds the kingdom of Sinhapura. He becomes the prince-regent of Sinhapura, but is exiled with 700 followers to Lanka because of his evil deeds.The Mahavamsa version has a contradiction; the Buddha expelled all the yakkhas to the island of Giridipa during an earlier visit to Lanka, but <mask>

masks: Vijaya Vijaya Vijaya Vijaya Vijaya Vijaya Vijaya


texts: later encounters yakkhas on Lanka and a yakkhini (a female yakkha) named Kuveni becomes his queen. Kuveni helps Vijaya destroy the yakkha city of Sirisavatthu, and has two children with him. However, <mask> must marry a Kshatriya princess to be a legitimate ruler; he marries the daughter of a Pandu king, who sends other women as brides for Vijaya's followers. Kuveni and her two children leave for the yakkha city of Lankapura, where she is killed by the yakkhas for betraying them. Vijaya dies without an heir; Panduvasudeva, the son of his twin brother Sumitta, arrives from India and takes charge of Vijaya's kingdom. The community established by Vijaya gives rise to the Sinhalese people. Dipavamsa: This version predates the Mahavamsa.It is similar to the Mahavamsa version, but omits Kuveni (and other yakkhas) and the South Indian princess. Xuanzang's account: The princess, abducted by the Sinha (lion), comes from South India. There is no mention of Vanga, Kalinga or Lala. She and her two children escape from Sinha's captivity to their native kingdom in South India. Her son, Chih-sse-tseu ("lion-catcher", or Sinhabahu) later kills his father Sinha. Although he is receives a reward, he is exiled by ship for the act of parricide. Chih-sse-tseu lands on Ratnadeepa (Lanka, the "island of gems"), and settles there.He begins attacking naval merchants who come to the island looking for gems. Chih-sse-tseu captures the merchants' children and spares their lives, creating a community. He has children with an unnamed woman and his descendants divide people into classes, giving rise to the caste system; they also wage wars, expanding their territory. Chih-sse-tseu's community gives rise to the Sinhalese people, and yakkhas are not


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 mentioned in this version. Valahassa Jataka version: This Jataka version is depicted in the Ajanta cave paintings of India (Simhala Avadana in Cave 17). The prince who comes to the island is a merchant named Sinhala, the son of Sinha. He and 500 followers sail for the island of Ratnadeepa, where they hope to find gems in the city of Sirisavatthu.They are shipwrecked and saved by the Yakkhinis, who prey on shipwrecked merchants. The Yakkhinis pretend to be the widows of merchants who earlier visited the island. Sinhala marries the chief Yakkhini, but then discovers their true identity. He and 250 of his men escape from the island on a flying horse named Valahassa. The chief Yakkhini follows them to his paternal kingdom and presents herself to his father, Simha, as wronged by the prince. Simha gives her shelter, but she devours him and the rest of his family except for the prince. She then returns to Ratnadeepa, where she devours the remaining 250 of Sinhala's followers.Sinhala succeeds his father as king, and leads a military expedition to Ratnadeepa. He defeats the Yakkhinis, and establishes the Sinhalese kingdom. Ancestry
According to the Mahāvaṃsa, the king of Vanga (the historical Bengal region) married a princess named Mayavati  of neighbouring Kalinga (present-day Odisha). The couple had a daughter, Suppadevi, who was prophesied to mate with the king of beasts. As an adult, Princess Suppadevi left Vanga to seek an independent life. She joined a caravan headed for Magadha, which was attacked by Sinha ("lion") in a forest in the Lala (or Lada) region. The Mahavamsa calls the Sinha a lion; according to some modern interpreters, however, Sinha was a beastly outlaw human living in the jungle.Lala is identified as Bengal's


texts: Rarh region (part of the present-day Indian state of West Bengal) or Lata, part of present-day Gujarat. Suppadevi fled from the attack, but encountered Sinha again. Sinha was attracted to her and she caressed him, mindful of the prophecy. He kept Suppadevi in captivity in a cave, and they had two children: a son named Sinhabahu (or Sihabahu, "lion-armed") and a daughter named Sinhasivali (or Sihasivali). When the children grew up, Sinhabahu asked his mother why she and Sinha looked so different. After she told him about her royal ancestry, he decided to go to Vanga. While Sinha was out, Sinhabahu escaped from the cave with Suppadevi and Sinhasivali.They reached a village, where they met a general of the Vanga Kingdom. The general was a cousin of Suppadevi, and later married her. Sinha began ravaging villages to find his missing family. The king of Vanga announced a reward to anyone who could kill Sinha, and Sinhabahu killed his father to claim the reward. By the time Sinhabahu returned to the capital, the king of Vanga was dead. Sinhabahu was crowned the new king, but later passed the kingship to his mother's husband (the general). Returning to his birthplace in Lala, he founded the city of Sinhapura (or Sihapura).Sinhabahu married his sister, Sinhasivali, and they had 32 sons (16 pairs of twins). <mask> Singha ("the greatly victorious") was their eldest son, followed by his twin Sumitta. The location of Sinhapura is uncertain. It has been identified with Singur, West Bengal (in the Rada, or Rarh, region) or Singhpur, near Jajpur (Sinhapura, Odisha). Those who identify the Lala kingdom with present-day Gujarat place it in present-day Sihor. Another theory identifies it with the village of Singupuram, near Srikakulam in Andhra


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 Pradesh. It has also been placed in present-day Thailand or on the Malay Peninsula.Arrival in Sri Lanka

<mask> was made the prince regent by his father, but he and his band of followers became notorious for their violent deeds. After their repeated complaints failed to stop him, prominent citizens demanded that <mask> be put to death. King Sinhabahu then expelled <mask> and his 700 followers from the kingdom. The men's heads were half-shaved, and they were put on a ship that set out to sea. The wives and children of the 700 men were sent on separate ships. <mask> and his followers landed at a place called Supparaka; the women landed at a place called Mahiladipaka, and the children landed at a place called Naggadipa. <mask>'s ship later reached Lanka, in the area known as Tambapanni, on the day that Gautama Buddha died in northern India.Those who think that Vijaya set out from the west coast of India (Sinhapura was in Gujarat) identify present-day Sopara as the location of Supparaka. Those who think that Sinhapura was in the Vanga-Kalinga region identify it with locations off the east coast of India; S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar speculates that Supparaka might have been Sumatra. According to the Mahavamsa, Gautama Buddha asked the lord of gods (identified as Indra) before he attained Nirvana to protect Vijaya in Lanka so Buddhism could flourish there. Indra gave the guardianship of Lanka to the lotus-colored god (Upulvan), who came to Lanka in the guise of an ascetic to protect Vijaya. Wilhelm Geiger identifies the lotus-colored god as Vishnu; uppala is the blue lotus. Senarath Paranavithana identifies him with Varuna. Vijaya tied a protective (paritta) thread on the hands of his followers.Later, a Yakkhini appeared before them

masks: Vijaya Vijaya Vijaya Vijaya Vijaya