texts:
 was "very, very disturbed" by the "chilling atmosphere" surrounding Valieva during the free skate as coach Eteri Tutberidze berated her following a mistake-filled performance that dropped her off the podium. Bach also insinuated that her coaches likely played a role in her positive test. The Kremlin responded that "harshness of a coach in high-level sport is key for their athletes to achieve victories" and that Tutberidze's athletes were seeing strong results. IOC President Bach later added that, "doping is very rarely done alone with the athletes" and that the "ones who have administered this drug in her body, these are the ones who are guilty."WADA also filed an interim brief indicating that Valieva's acknowledgement of taking the two permitted substances, Hypoxen and L-carnitine, could be read as undercutting her testimony that the  banned substance, trimetazidine, was ingested by error. Although the US team and the Japanese team have announced their choices for competing at the ISU World Championships in France in March, the Figure Skating Federation of Russia has not yet indicated their choices of three women to send to France  for which Valieva remains eligible to compete  unless a negative outcome for doping is filed against her before the ISU World Championships. Skating technique
On 23 August 2019, at the junior level of the Grand Prix in France, Valieva performed a quadruple toe loop with a positive "GOE", which made her the second woman to perform this jump in the history of figure skating (after Alexandra Trusova) at competitions under the auspices of the International Skating Union. On 18 October 2020, a video appeared on the Internet where she performed a triple Axel with complication in training with two hands up. On 5


type: original

texts:
 December 2020, she cleanly performed the triple Axel in the short program at the stage of the Russian Cup in Moscow. On 12 February 2021, a video appeared on the Internet where Valieva performed a quadruple Salchow in training with two hands up. In 2022, Valieva became the first woman to land a quadruple jump at the Olympic Games, with former German figure skater and two-time Olympic champion Katarina Witt calling her "a child prodigy, whose highly difficult performances and grace enchanted the whole world at only 15."Awards

In February 2022, she received the Order of Friendship. Programs

World records and achievements

 Became only the second woman to land a quad toe loop at the 2019 JGP France. Became the first woman ever to surpass 90 in the short program, 170 and 180 point barrier in the free skate as well as 250, 260 and 270 point barrier in total. Set the junior record for the highest free skate score and total score at the 2020 Junior World Championships, surpassing the previous records in both categories set by her former training mate Alexandra Trusova. Her record scores were later surpassed by teammate Sofia Akateva in 2021. Set the new senior record for the highest valued triple Axel when she earned 11.54 points at the 2022 European Championships
 Became the first European woman to land a triple Axel, and the first woman to land a quadruple jump at the Olympic Games during the team event, held from 4–7 February 2022. Senior world record scores
Valieva has set eight world record scores.Junior world record scores

<mask> has set two junior world record scores under the +5 / -5 GOE (Grade of Execution) system. Competitive highlights
GP: Grand Prix; JGP: Junior Grand Prix

Detailed results

Senior level

Small medals for


texts:
 short and free programs awarded only at ISU Championships. Personal bests are italicized. Current world record scores are bold and italicized. Previous world records highlighted in bold. Junior level

Small medals for short and free programs awarded only at ISU Championships. Previous junior world record scores highlighted in bold.References

External links

! colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;" |World Record Holders

! colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;" |World Junior Record Holders

2006 births
Living people
Tatar sportspeople
Russian female single skaters
Sportspeople from Kazan
Figure skaters at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Olympic figure skaters of Russia
Medalists at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Olympic medalists in figure skating
Olympic gold medalists for the Russian Olympic Committee athletes
Volga Tatar people
World Junior Figure Skating Championships


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<mask>,  (1 February 1917 – 30 May 1989) was one of the top scoring Royal Air Force fighter pilots of the Second World War and was the second-highest scoring RAF fighter pilot of the Battle of Britain, behind Pilot Officer Eric Lock of No. 41 Squadron RAF. <mask> was credited with 28 enemy aircraft destroyed, five probables and nine damaged. Early life
<mask> left King James Grammar School, Knaresborough in 1933 continuing his education at Leeds Technical College. He spent four years as an apprentice pharmacist. RAF career
<mask> joined the RAFVR (Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve) in January 1937 as a trainee pilot at Perth, Scotland. In 1938, he then took an instructor's course, becoming an instructor at the Yorkshire Flying School, accumulating 1,000 hours of flight time before the war.Called up at the outbreak of war, he joined No. 501 Squadron RAF. Second World War

Battle of France
On 10 May 1940, the Squadron moved to Bétheniville in France where <mask> experienced his first combat. On the afternoon of 13 May over Sedan, he destroyed a Heinkel He 111 of KG 53 and an escorting Messerschmitt Bf 109 on one sortie, followed by a Messerschmitt Bf 110 later in the afternoon. He claimed two more He 111s on 27 May, before the squadron was withdrawn to England on 19 June, having claimed nearly 60 victories. On 9 June, his aircraft was damaged in combat and he crash landed and almost drowned in a swamp. During his operational duties in France, he was awarded the French Croix de guerre.Battle of Britain
Flying throughout the Battle of Britain with No. 501 based at RAF Gravesend or RAF Croydon, <mask> became

masks:
James Harry Lacey
Lacey
Lacey
Lacey
Lacey
Lacey


texts: one of the highest scoring pilots of the battle. His first kill of the battle was on 20 July 1940, when he shot down a Bf 109E of Jagdgeschwader 27. He then claimed a destroyed Ju 87 and a "probable" Ju 87 on 12 August, a damaged Bf 110 and a damaged Do 17 on 15 August and a probable Bf 109 on 16 August. He destroyed a Ju 88 and damaged a Dornier Do 17 on 24 August and shot down a Bf 109 of Jagdgeschwader 3 on 29 August. He had bailed out unharmed after being hit by return fire from a Heinkel He 111 on 13 August. On 23 August 1940, <mask> was awarded the Distinguished Flying Medal after the destruction of 6 enemy aircraft.On 30 August 1940, during combat over the Thames Estuary, <mask> shot down a He 111 and damaged a Bf 110 before his Hurricane was badly hit from enemy fire. His engine stopped and he decided to glide the stricken aircraft back to the airfield at Gravesend instead of bailing out into the Estuary. A highly successful August was completed when he destroyed a Bf 109 on 31 August. On 2 September 1940, <mask> shot down two Bf 109s and damaged a Do 17. He then shot down another two Bf 109s on 5 September. During a heavy raid on 13 September, he engaged a formation of Kampfgeschwader 55 He 111s over London where he shot down one of the bombers that had just bombed Buckingham Palace. As he could not find his airfield in the worsening visibility, he then bailed out of his aircraft, sustaining slight injuries.Returning to the action shortly thereafter, he shot down an He 111 and three Bf 109s, and damaged another on 15 September 1940, one of the heaviest days of fighting during the whole battle,

masks: Lacey Lacey Lacey


texts:
 which later became known as "Battle of Britain Day". During the battle he attacked a formation of 12 Bf 109s, shooting down two before the others had noticed, before escaping into cloud

Two days later on 17 September, he was shot down over Ashford, Kent during a dogfight with Bf 109s and bailed out without injury. On 27 September, he destroyed a Bf 109 and damaged a Junkers Ju 88 on 30 September. During October he claimed a probable Bf 109 on 7 October, shot down a Bf 109 on 12 October, another on 26 October and on 30 October he destroyed a Bf 109 before damaging another. During the Battle of France and the Battle of Britain, <mask> had been shot down or forced to land due to combat no less than nine times. On 26 November 1940, with 23 claims (18 made during the Battle of Britain) <mask> received a Bar to his Distinguished Flying Medal for his continued outstanding courage and bravery during the Battle of Britain. The citation in the London Gazette read:

After 1940

<mask>'s final award for outstanding service during 1940 was a Mention in Despatches announced on 1 January 1941.<mask> was commissioned a pilot officer (on probation) on 25 January 1941 (seniority from 15 January) and promoted to acting flight lieutenant in June. On 10 July 1941, as "A" flight commander, he shot down a Bf 109 and damaged another a few days later on 14 July. On 17 July, he claimed a Heinkel He 59 seaplane shot down and on 24 July, two Bf 109s (by causing them to collide). He was posted away from combat operations during August 1941, serving as a flight instructor with No. 57 Operational Training Unit. He was promoted to war

masks: Lacey Lacey Lacey Lacey


texts:
 substantive flying officer on 22 September. During March 1942, <mask> joined No.602 Squadron, based at Kenley flying the Spitfire Mk V and by 24 March had claimed a Fw 190 as damaged. He damaged another Fw 190 on 25 April 1942 before a posting to No. 81 Group as a tactics officer. Promoted to war substantive flight lieutenant on 27 August, in November he was posted as Chief Instructor at the No. 1 Special Attack Instructors School, Milfield. In March 1943, <mask> was posted to No. 20 Squadron, Kaylan in India before joining 1572 Gunnery Flight in July of the same year to convert from Blenheims to Hurricanes and then to Republic P-47 Thunderbolts.He stayed in India, being posted to command No. 155 Squadron flying the Spitfire VIII in November 1944 and then as commanding officer of No. 17 Squadron later that month. While based in India, <mask> claimed his last aircraft on 19 February 1945, shooting down a Japanese Army Air Force Nakajima Ki 43 "Oscar" with only nine 20mm cannon rounds. <mask> was one of the few RAF pilots on operational duties on both the opening and closing day of the war. His final tally was 28 confirmed, four probables and nine damaged. Postwar
After the war was over, <mask> went to Japan with No.17 Squadron, becoming the first Spitfire pilot to fly over Japan on 30 April 1946. He returned to the UK in May 1946. He received a permanent commission in the rank of flight lieutenant on 8 December 1948 (seniority from 1 September 1945), and retired from the RAF on 5 March 1967 as a flight lieutenant; he retained the rank of squadron leader. Later life and legacy

After retirement, <mask> ran

masks: Lacey Lacey Lacey Lacey Lacey Lacey


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 an air freight business and instructed at a flight school near Bridlington. He was an adviser to director Guy Hamilton on the set of his 1969 film Battle of Britain. Said Hamilton in an interview 30 years later "I entrusted <mask> to be my main adviser. He really was a good chap, totally invaluable."<mask> died on 30 May 1989 at the age of 72. In September 2001, a plaque was unveiled at Priory Church, Bridlington, Yorkshire in memory of the fighter pilot and ace. There is also a plaque at the location of the house <mask> grew up in, on the old site of Nidd Vale Motors, Sandbeck Lane, Wetherby. As a celebrated former pupil of King James’ School, an image of <mask> is displayed on one of the Knaresborough Town Windows, a series of trompe-l%27œil images managed by Renaissance Knaresborough. In 2016, Beverley/Linley Hill Airfield named their new flight training centre after <mask>, and on 23 July 2017, a blue plaque was unveiled on the site of the house where he was born. References

Citations

Bibliography

 Bickers, Richard Townshend. <mask>: Fighter Pilot.London: Hale Ltd., 1962. .
 Bishop, Edward, ed. The Daily Telegraph Book of Airmen's Obituaries. London: Grub Street, 2002. .

 Shores, Christopher and Clive Williams. Aces High. London: Grub Street, 1994. .

1917 births
1989 deaths
Royal Air Force squadron leaders
Royal Air Force pilots of World War II
British World War II flying aces
People from Wetherby
People from the East Riding of Yorkshire
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Medal
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)
The Few
Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve personnel of World

masks:
Ginger Lacey
Lacey
Lacey
Lacey
Lacey
Ginger Lacey


texts:
<mask> (October 14, 1916 in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil ‒ March 14, 1979 in Washington, DC) was a Brazilian architect and architectural historian, also recognized as one of the pioneers of Brazilian modernist architecture in the state of Minas Gerais. His many studies, articles, and other scholarly works, some of them translated into other languages, spanned a range of topics that included the Baroque period in Minas, formation of the first settlements in the region, and modern architecture. He was also a long-time columnist and contributor to the Belo Horizonte newspaper, O Estado de Minas. The son of a traditional Minas Gerais family, <mask> was the fifth of seven children born to historian <mask> (1877–1965) and <mask> (1886–1972), a musician. His forebears included <mask> (1758–1815), <mask> (1795–1850), and <mask> (1843–1927). Academic and institutional career
<mask> was District III Director of Brazil's Institute of National Historic and Artistic Heritage from 1939 until 1969 and Chair Professor of Brazilian Architecture and Dean of the School of Architecture at the Federal University of Minas Gerais in Belo Horizonte. Among other positions, he was also President of the Minas Gerais Section of the Brazilian Institute of Architects, member of the  council and curatorship of the São Paulo Museum of Art, member and Director of the Minas Gerais Association of Writers, and Director of the Brazil-U.S.Cultural Institute (ICBEU) in Belo Horizonte. After gambling was outlawed in Brazil in 1946, <mask> conceived the idea and oversaw conversion of the Casino designed by Oscar Niemeyer at the Pampulha Modern Ensemble in Belo Horizonte into the Pampulha Museum of Art.. The undertaking began in 1952 and culminated in its

masks:
Sylvio Carvalho de Vasconcellos
Sylvio
Salomão de Vasconcellos
Branca Teresa Carvalho de Vasconcellos
Diogo Pereira Ribeiro de Vasconcellos
Bernardo Pereira de Vasconcellos
Diogo de Vasconcellos
Sylvio
Sylvio


texts: inauguration in 1957. He also served as the Museum's first Director. His publications include numerous studies on architecture, with special emphasis on colonial architecture in Brazil and Minas Gerais in particular. He is especially known for the following contributions: Vila Rica: formação e desenvolvimento (an exhaustive study of development of the colonial city of Ouro Preto, based on his thesis defended in 1951 for one of four national chair professorships in Brazilian Architecture); Arquitetura no Brasil: Sistemas Construtivos (1958); Mineiridade: Ensaio de Caracterização [Mineiridade: An Essay on the Culture of Minas Gerais] (1968), for which he was awarded the First Prize for a Scholarly Work on Minas Gerais in 1969; and Vida e obra de Antônio Francisco Lisboa, O Aleijadinho, a study of the colonial sculptor often referred to as “the Little Cripple” in which he offered new context, extensive analysis, and a comprehensive catalog of the subject's work. In 1959, <mask> established the Advisory Nucleus for Research in Architecture and Urban Planning at the UFMG School of Architecture.More than 70 books were published under this program until it was closed down by the military government in 1964. He was elected Dean of the School of Architecture, UFMG, in 1963, but forcibly removed from the position at the start of the 1964 military coup in Brazil. However, his career did not end there. In 1965, he embarked on a self-imposed exile, during which he continued to make professional and scholarly contributions. In France, <mask> worked on planning the industrial city of Dreux as part of a program for the decentralization of Paris. In Portugal, he pursued research as a fellow at the Gulbenkian Foundation. In Santiago,

masks: Sylvio Sylvio


texts:
 Chile, he headed the Urban Unit at the Latin American Center for Economic and Development (DESAL) and also taught architectural composition and theory at the University of Chile, Returning to Brazil in 1968, he taught theory of architecture at the University of Brasília and then briefly resumed his activities with IPHAN and the UFMG School of Architecture until the military government ordered his retirement in December 1969

In 1970, he won a Guggenheim Fellowship, which allowed him to carry on his research in a country of his choice.At the end of 1970, he started working for the Organization of American States (OAS) in its Division of Urban Development. During 1971–1973, he was the Division's Regional Director for Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, headquartered in Mexico City. Following his tenure in Mexico, he became a staff specialist in the Division at OAS headquarters in Washington, D.C. His last assignment with the Organization ended in 1977. Throughout his post-Brazil years, <mask> continued to publish scholarly articles, wrote hundreds of articles for the Estado de Minas, won a grant from the U.S. National Endowment for the Humanities to translate and annotate a collection of colonial documents on the settlement of Minas Gerais in the seventeenth century, and authored his exhaustive analysis of the work of Antônio Francisco Lisboa. Architectural projects

<mask> designed a number of modernist buildings in the city of Belo Horizonte, including the Mape Building, a condominium project on Praça da Liberdade; the headquarters of ICBEU; the chapel of the Izabela Hendrix Methodist Institute on Rua da Bahia; and the UFMG Student Union building, now an art film theater, on Rua Guajajaras. He also designed


texts:
 dozens of private residences, mainly in the Cidade Jardim and Serra neighborhoods. Some of these homes have been designated cultural heritage sites by the Belo Horizonte City Government.Imprisonment, legal charges, and exile

<mask> was taken prisoner with no formal charges on March 31, 1964, on the eve of the military takeover, and removed from his position as Dean of the School of Architecture. The charges against him were not published until May 4, and he was not informed of them until after he was released from prison, thanks to intervention of his many supporters, in July of that year.. Among the accusations, he was charged with such allegedly subversive acts as fomenting revolution on the campus, spreading communist propaganda, encouraging students to proselytize in the slums, allowing them to sing communist songs, and arranging for their travel to an architectural conference in Cuba. In all, Sylvio was confronted with three different sets of charges. He was also claimed to have been elected Secretary-General of a communist organization and of having presided over a meeting of the Red Student Federation. In addition, he was accused of placing his official car at the disposal of Luis Carlos Prestes in 1945 for the purpose of contacting communist cells, in addition to aiding communists by (...) contracting the services of the Spanish communist José Maria Sieiro Barreiro. Sylvio denied all these charges.In particular, he stated that he was not responsible for the improper use of vehicles when they were not in service and had never had any contact with Luis Carlos Prestes, suggesting that the 1945 allegations referred to another person by the same name

Faced with the futility of trying to defend himself and the threat


texts:
 of being imprisoned again, <mask> felt that he was forced to leave Brazil. His 14 years of exile began in May 1965, when he traveled to France. After six months in Paris, he moved on to Lisbon, Portugal, for a number of months and then briefly returned to Brazil in 1966. However, soon after his arrival, circumstances almost immediately obliged him to leave the country again. After 18 months in Chile, having been assured that he was protected under a writ of habeas corpus and could resume his activities with IPHAN and the UFMG School of Architecture, he returned to Brazil once more in 1968. But not for long. In December of that year, the military government issued its most punitive decree, Institutional Act No.5. This order suspended habeas corpus for crimes of political motivation and imposed a series of additional restrictive measures, leaving <mask> more vulnerable than ever. In December 1969, he was forcibly “retired” from his academic position. On March 31, 1970, he left Brazil for the last time. After his assignment with the OAS in Mexico in 1971–1972, he settled in Washington, D.C., where he remained until his death. Brasil Borges)
2004 – Arquitetura, Arte e Cidade [Architecture, Art, and City] (ed. Celina Borges Lemos)

Publications about his life and Work

2008 – Borges Brasileiro, Vanessa.<mask> <mask>ncellos: um arquiteto para além da forma [<mask> <mask>ncellos: an architect beyond form]
2020 – Vasconcellos, Muriel. Sylvio & me: An encounter in exile / Sylvio e eu: um encontro no exílio
2020 – Vasconcellos, <mask> <mask>. As memórias de Sylvio <mask>ncellos, 1936–1957. [Translation: Memoir of <mask> <mask>, 1936–1957] (in press, Editora UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil)

References

Brazilian architects

1916

masks:
Sylvio
Sylvio
Sylvio
de Vasco
Sylvio
de Vasco
Sylvio
de
de Vasco
Sylvio
de Vascos


texts:
<mask> (born July 28, 1986) is a Turkish professional basketball player for Pınar Karşıyaka of the Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL). Standing at , he plays at the center position. Professional career

Early years
<mask> played with Darüşşafaka in the Turkish Basketball League in 2003-04 season, appeared in one game in which he recorded one point and two rebounds. He spent the majority of the season playing with the Darüşşafaka junior team. Next season, <mask> played with Partizan Belgrade in the Adriatic League and averaged 4.6 points and 3.2 rebounds. He scored in double figures twice, tallying a high of 17 points against KK Hemofarm. He contributed 3.0 points and 2.3 rebounds per game in 12.5 minutes a contest in the EuroLeague.His highest scoring game of 10 points occurred against Efes Pilsen. In 2004–05, he also appeared in seven Yugoslav Basketball League games, averaging 1.7 points and 0.7 rebounds in 4.4 minutes a contest. Fenerbahçe
In 2005, he signed with Fenerbahçe of the Turkish Basketball League. <mask> averaged 6.5 points and 5.4 rebounds in 18.4

masks:
Semih Erden
Erden
Erden
Erden


texts:
 minutes a contest. He had a high of 14 points at Fenerbahçe and scored in double figures seven times. He also contributed 3.4 points and 2.2 rebounds in 9.1 minutes a contest in nine Euroleague games. In his second season with Fenerbahçe, <mask> played 16.1 minutes a game, averaged 6.4 points and 3.8 rebounds in Turkish League play, registering a high of 10 points against Galatasaray Café Crown.In the Euroleague, Semih added 4.5 points and 3.1 rebounds in 13.8 minutes per match. In third season <mask> averaged 7.1 points and 4.7 rebounds in 19.5 minutes a game in Turkish League play, scoring in double figures six times with a high of 15 points against CASA TED Kolejliler. During the season though, he missed a number of games due to a knee injury. In the Euroleague, he added 6.7 points and 4.3 rebounds in 19.3 minutes a contest, scored in double figures three times and posting high of 15 points against Panathinaikos Athens. NBA
<mask> was selected by the Boston Celtics with the 60th pick in the 2008 NBA draft. <mask> was still under a one-year contract

masks: Erden Erden Erden Erden


texts:
 with Fenerbahçe and did not join the roster in 2008–09. He was seen by Celtics general manager Danny Ainge as their first-round pick in 2009.On July 5, 2010, Celtics signed <mask> to a one-year minimum contract with a team option for 2011–12. With Boston centers Shaquille O'Neal, Kendrick Perkins and Jermaine O'Neal out with injuries, <mask> earned his first career start on December 9, 2010 against the Philadelphia 76ers. He scored 8 points in 18 minutes in a 102–101 victory. Two nights later, <mask> started for the second time in a 93–62 victory over the Charlotte Bobcats. In that game Erden played a game-high 41 minutes recording 10 points, 7 rebounds, 4 blocked shots and a plus/minus rating of +34. On February 24, 2011, <mask> was traded to the Cleveland Cavaliers along with teammate Luke Harangody in exchange for a second-round draft pick. On June 30, 2012, the Cavaliers extended a qualifying offer to Erden, thus making him a restricted free agent.Return to Europe
On September 21, 2011, <mask> signed with the Turkish club Beşiktaş until the end of the

masks: Erden Erden Erden Erden Erden


texts: 2011 NBA lockout. He played alongside New Jersey Nets All-Star Deron Williams. On November 22, 2011, <mask> suffered a broken finger in a Eurochallenge game. On July 3, 2012, he signed a two-year contract with Anadolu Efes. On May 26, 2014, he parted ways with Efes. On August 1, 2014, he returned to Fenerbahçe signing a one-year deal. In 2014–15 season, Fenerbahçe advanced to the Euroleague Final Four for the first time in team's history.On May 15, 2015, however, they lost in the semifinal game to Real Madrid with 87–96. In August 2015, <mask> signed a one-year deal with his former club Darüşşafaka. On August 26, 2016, he re-signed with Darüşşafaka. On February 6, 2017, he was waived by Darüşşafaka. On October 6, 2017, <mask> signed a temporary contract with ABEL team Hacettepe Üniversitesi GSK in order to keep him able to sign a loan deal in BSL. On October 26, 2017, he signed a 1+1 deal with Beşiktaş. On October 2, 2018, <mask> signed a one-year contract with BSL side İstanbul BŞB.On August 20, 2019, he has signed with 2-year deal with Pınar Karşıyaka


texts:
 of the Turkish Basketball Super League. <mask> averaged over 8 points and 4 rebounds in EuroCup in the 2019-20 season. On August 12, 2020, he extended his contract until 2022. Career statistics

NBA

Regular season

|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Boston
| 37 || 7 || 14.4 || .598 || .000 || .630 || 2.9 || .5 || .4 || .6 || 4.1
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Cleveland
| 4 || 1 || 16.0 || .286 || .000 || .833 || 2.8 || .3 || .5 || .8 || 3.3
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Cleveland
| 28 || 9 || 11.9 || .527 || .000 || .512 || 2.6 || .3 || .4 || .2 || 3.5
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 69 || 17 || 13.4 || .546 || .000 || .594 || 2.8 || .4 || .4 || .4 || 3.8

National team career
<mask> is a regular player on the Turkish national team. His first international experience came in the 2005 U20 European Championships held in Moscow. He averaged 10.4 points and 8.0 rebounds in seven games for Turkey. In the 2006 U20 European Championships, held in Izmir, Turkey, Erden helped lead Turkey to

masks: Erden Erden


texts:
 a silver medal, averaging 5.4 points and 3.4 rebounds in eight games.In the same year, he earned a spot on the Turkish team for the 2006 World Championship in Japan. He contributed 2.2 points and 2.3 rebounds a game. In the 2007 European Championship in Spain, <mask> averaged 1.0 points and 1.0 rebounds in his five games. Personal life
Some of <mask>'s ancestors are of Bosniak origin. See also
List of European basketball players in the United States

References

External links

<mask> <mask> at draftexpress.com
<mask> <mask> at eurobasket.com
<mask> <mask> at euroleague.net
<mask> <mask> at tblstat.net
<mask> <mask> at fiba.com

1986 births
Living people
ABA League players
Anadolu Efes S.K. players
Beşiktaş men's basketball players
Boston Celtics draft picks
Boston Celtics players
Centers (basketball)
Cleveland Cavaliers players
Darüşşafaka Basketbol players
Fenerbahçe men's basketball players
İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyespor basketball players
Karşıyaka basketball players
KK Partizan players
National Basketball Association players from

masks: Erden Erden Semih Erden Semih Erden Semih Erden Semih Erden Semih Erden


texts:
 Turkey
Sportspeople from Istanbul
Turkish expatriate basketball people in Serbia
Turkish expatriate basketball people in the United States
Turkish people of Bosniak descent
2006 FIBA World Championship players
2010 FIBA World Championship players
2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup


texts:
<mask> (29 March 1912 – 24 August 1979) was a German aviator and test pilot. Along with Melitta von Stauffenberg, she flight tested many of Germany's new aircraft during World War II and received many honors. <mask> was among the very last people to meet Adolf Hitler alive in the  in late April 1945. <mask> set more than 40 flight altitude records and women's endurance records in gliding and unpowered flight, before and after World War II. In the 1960s, she was sponsored by the West German foreign office as a technical adviser in Ghana and elsewhere, and founded a gliding school in Ghana, where she worked for Kwame Nkrumah. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Hirschberg, Silesia, on 29 March 1912 to an upper-middle-class family. She was daughter of Dr. Wilhelm (Willy<mask>, who was an ophthalmology clinic manager, and his wife Emy Helff-Hibler von Alpenheim, who was a member of the Austrian nobility.Despite her mother being a devout Catholic, <mask> was raised a Protestant. She had two siblings, her brother Kurt, a Frigate captain, and her younger sister Heidi. <mask> began flight training in 1932 at the School of Gliding in Grunau. While a medical student in Berlin she enrolled in a German Air Mail amateur flying school for powered aircraft at Staaken, training in a Klemm Kl 25. Career

1933–1937
In 1933, <mask> left medical school at the University of Kiel to become, at the invitation of Wolf Hirth, a full-time glider pilot/instructor at Hornberg in Baden-Württemberg. <mask> contracted with the Ufa Film Company as a stunt pilot and set an unofficial endurance record for women of eleven hours and twenty minutes. In January

masks:
Hanna Reitsch
Reitsch
Reitsch
Reitsch
) Reitsch
Hanna
Reitsch
Reitsch
Reitsch


texts:
 1934, she joined a South America expedition to study thermal conditions, along with Wolf Hirth, Peter Riedel and Heini Dittmar.While in Argentina, she became the first woman to earn the Silver C Badge, the 25th to do so among world glider pilots. In June 1934, <mask> became a member of the Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Segelflug (DFS) and became a test pilot in 1935. Reitsch enrolled in the Civil Airways Training School in Stettin, where she flew a twin-engine on a cross country flight and aerobatics in a Focke-Wulf Fw 44. In 1937, Ernst Udet gave <mask> the honorary title of  after she had successfully tested Hans Jacobs' divebrakes for gliders. At the DFS she test flew transport and troop-carrying gliders, including the DFS 230 used at the Battle of Fort Eben-Emael. 1937–1945

In September 1937, <mask> was posted to the Luftwaffe testing centre at Rechlin-Lärz Airfield by Ernst Udet. Her flying skill, desire for publicity, and photogenic qualities made her a star of Nazi propaganda.Physically she was petite in stature, very slender with blonde hair, blue eyes and a "ready smile". She appeared in Nazi propaganda throughout the late 1930s and early 1940s. <mask> was the first female helicopter pilot and one of the few pilots to fly the Focke-Achgelis Fa 61, the first fully controllable helicopter, for which she received the Military Flying Medal. In 1938, during the three weeks of the International Automobile Exhibition in Berlin, she made daily flights of the Fa 61 helicopter inside the . In September 1938, <mask> flew the DFS Habicht in the Cleveland National Air Races. <mask> was a test pilot on the Junkers Ju 87  dive bomber

masks: Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch


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 and Dornier Do 17 light/fast bomber projects, for which she received the Iron Cross, Second Class, from Hitler on 28 March 1941. <mask> was asked to fly many of Germany's latest designs, among them the rocket-propelled Messerschmitt Me 163  in 1942.A crash landing on her fifth Me 163 flight badly injured <mask>; she spent five months in a hospital recovering. <mask> received the Iron Cross First Class following the accident, one of only three women to do so. In February 1943 after news of the defeat in the Battle of Stalingrad she accepted an invitation from Generaloberst Robert Ritter von Greim to visit the Eastern Front. She spent three weeks visiting Luftwaffe units, flying a Fieseler Fi 156 Storch. V-1, 1944
On 28 February 1944, she presented the idea of Operation Suicide to Hitler at Berchtesgaden, which "would require men who were ready to sacrifice themselves in the conviction that only by this means could their country be saved." Although Hitler "did not consider the war situation sufficiently serious to warrant them ... and ... this was not the right psychological moment", he gave his approval. The project was assigned to Gen. Günther Korten.There were about seventy volunteers who enrolled in the Suicide Group as pilots for the human glider-bomb. By April 1944, <mask> and Heinz Kensche finished tests of the Me 328, carried aloft by a Dornier Do 217. By then, she was approached by SS- Otto Skorzeny, a founding member of the  (Leonidas Squadron). They adapted the V-1 flying bomb into the Fieseler Fi 103R Reichenberg including a two-seater and a single-seater with and without the mechanisms to land. The plan was never

masks: Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch Reitsch


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 implemented operationally, "the decisive moment had been missed." In her autobiography  <mask> recalled that after two initial crashes with the Fi 103R she and Heinz Kensche took over tests of the prototype Fi 103R. She made several successful test flights before training the instructors."Though an average pilot could fly the V1 without difficulty once it was in the air, to land it called for exceptional skill, in that it had a very high landing speed and, moreover, in training it was the glider model, without engine, that was usually employed." In October 1944, Reitsch claims she was shown a booklet by Peter Riedel which he'd obtained while in the German Embassy in Stockholm, concerning the gas chambers. She further claims that while believing it to be enemy propaganda, she agreed to inform Heinrich Himmler about it. Upon doing so, Himmler is said to have asked whether she believed it, and she replied, "No, of course not. But you must do something to counter it. You can't let them shoulder this onto Germany." "You are right," Himmler replied.Berlin, 1945

During the last days of the war, Hitler dismissed Hermann Göring as head of the Luftwaffe and appointed von Greim, to replace him. Von Greim and <mask> flew from Gatow Airport into embattled Berlin to meet Hitler in the , arriving on 26 April as the Red Army troops were already in the central area of Berlin. <mask> and von Greim had flown from Rechlin–Lärz Airfield to Gatow Airfield in a Focke Wulf 190, escorted by twelve other Fw 190s from Jagdgeschwader 26 under the command of  Hans Dortenmann. In Berlin, <mask> landed a Fi 156  on an improvised airstrip in the Tiergarten near


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 the Brandenburg Gate. Hitler gave Reitsch two capsules of poison for herself and von Greim. She accepted the capsule. Shortly after midnight on 29 April, <mask> and von Greim flew out of Berlin in an Arado Ar 96 from the same improvised airstrip.This was the last plane out of Berlin. Von Greim was ordered to get the Luftwaffe to attack the Soviet forces that had just reached Potsdamer Platz and to make sure Heinrich Himmler was punished for his treachery in making unauthorised contact with the Western Allies so as to surrender. Troops of the Soviet 3rd Shock Army, which was fighting its way through the Tiergarten from the north, tried to shoot the plane down fearing that Hitler was escaping in it, but it took off successfully. Capture, 1945
<mask> was soon captured along with von Greim and the two were interviewed together by U.S. military intelligence officers. When asked about being ordered to leave the  on 29 April 1945, <mask> and von Greim reportedly repeated the same answer: "It was the blackest day when we could not die at our Führer's side." <mask> also said: "We should all kneel down in reverence and prayer before the altar of the Fatherland." When the interviewers asked what she meant by "Altar of the Fatherland" she answered, "Why, the Führer's bunker in Berlin ..." She was held for eighteen months.Von Greim killed himself on 24 May 1945. Evacuated from Silesia ahead of the Soviet troops, <mask>'s family took refuge in Salzburg. During  the night of 3 May 1945, after hearing a rumour that all refugees were to be taken back to their original homes in the Soviet occupation zone, <mask>'s father shot and killed her mother


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 and sister and her sister's three children before killing himself. 1945–1979
After her release <mask> settled in Frankfurt am Main. After the war, German citizens were barred from flying powered aircraft, but within a few years gliding was allowed, which she took up again. In 1952, <mask> won a bronze medal in the World Gliding Championships in Spain; she was the first woman to compete and in 1955 she became German champion. She continued to break records, including the women's altitude record () in 1957 and her first diamond of the Gold-C badge.During the mid-1950s, <mask> was interviewed on film and talked about her wartime flight tests of the Fa 61, Me 262 and Me 163. In 1959, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru invited <mask>, who spoke fluent English, to start a gliding centre, and she flew with him over New Delhi. In 1961, United States President John F. Kennedy invited her to the White House. From 1962 to 1966, she lived in Ghana. The then Ghanaian President, Kwame Nkrumah invited <mask> to Ghana after reading of her work in India. At Afienya she founded the first black African national gliding school, working closely with the government and the armed forces. The West German government supported her as technical adviser.The school was commanded by J.E.S. de Graft-Hayford, with gliders such as the double-seated Schleicher K7, Slingsby T.21 and a Bergfalke, along with a single-seated Schleicher K 8. She gained the FAI Diamond Badge in 1970. The project was evidently of great importance to Nkrumah and has been interpreted as part of a "modernist" development ideology. <mask>'s attitudes to race underwent a change. "Earlier in


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 my life, it would never have occurred to me to treat a black person as a friend or partner ..." She now experienced guilt at her earlier "presumptuousness and arrogance". She became close to Nkrumah.The details of their relationship are now unclear due to the destruction of documents, but some surviving letters are intimate in tone. In Ghana, some Africans were disturbed by the prominence of a person with <mask>'s past, but Shirley Graham Du Bois, a noted African-American writer who had emigrated to Ghana and was friendly towards <mask>, agreed with Nkrumah that Reitsch was extremely naive politically. Contemporary Ghanaian press reports seem to show a lack of interest in her past. Throughout the 1970s, Reitsch broke gliding records in many categories, including the "Women's Out and Return World Record" twice, once in 1976 () and again, in 1979 (), flying along the Appalachian Ridges in the United States. During this time, she also finished first in the women's section of the first world helicopter championships. Last interview, 1970s
<mask> was interviewed and photographed several times in the 1970s, towards the end of her life, by Jewish-American photo-journalist Ron Laytner. In her closing remarks she is quoted as saying:

In the same interview, she is quoted as saying,

Death

<mask> died of a heart attack in Frankfurt at the age of 67, on 24 August 1979.She had never married. She is buried in the <mask> family grave in the Salzburger Kommunalfriedhof. Former British test pilot and Royal Navy officer Eric Brown said he received a letter from <mask> in early August 1979 in which she said, "It began in the bunker, there it shall


texts:
 end." Within weeks she was dead. Brown speculated that <mask> had taken the cyanide capsule Hitler had given her in the bunker, and that she had taken it as part of a suicide pact with Greim. No autopsy was performed, or at least no such report is available. List of awards and world records

 1932: women's gliding endurance record (5.5 hours)
 1936: women's gliding distance record ()
 1937: first woman to cross the Alps in a glider
 1937: the first woman in the world to be promoted to flight captain by Colonel Ernst Udet
 1937: the first woman to fly a helicopter (Fa 61)
 1937: world distance record in a helicopter ()
 1938: the first person to fly a helicopter (Fa 61) inside an enclosed space (Deutschlandhalle)
 1938: winner of German national gliding competition Sylt-Breslau Silesia
 1939: women's world record in gliding for point-to-point flight.1943: While in the Luftwaffe, the first woman to pilot a rocket plane (Messerschmitt Me 163). She survived a disastrous crash though with severe injuries and because of this she became the first of three German women to receive the Iron Cross First Class. 1944: the first woman in the world to pilot a jet aircraft at the Luftwaffe research centre at Rechlin during the trials of the Messerschmitt Me 262 and Heinkel He 162
 1952: third place in the World Gliding Championships in Spain together with her team-mate Lisbeth Häfner
 1955: German gliding champion
 1956: German gliding distance record ()
 1957: German gliding altitude record ()

Books by <mask>
 . 4th ed. Munich: Herbig, 2001. (Autobiography)
 . 2nd ed.Munich: Herbig, 1979. (original title: ).
 . 7th ed. Munich: Herbig, 1992. .
 .

masks:
Reitsch
Hanna Reitsch


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 Munich: Heyne, 1984. .
 . 2nd expanded ed. Munich/Berlin: Herbig, 1978. . In popular culture
<mask> has been portrayed by the following actresses in film and television productions. Barbara Rütting in the 1965 film Operation Crossbow
 Diane Cilento in the 1973 British film Hitler: The Last Ten Days. Myvanwy Jenn in the 1973 British television production The Death of Adolf Hitler.Anna Thalbach in the 2004 German film Downfall (). See also

Rhön-Rossitten Gesellschaft

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

  where she exclaims about Hitler's understanding in avionics: "I was deeply astonished about his interests"

  testing the Me 163 jet plane
  as depicted in the Downfall
 The first women astronaut  (Woman Pilot Magazine website)

1912 births
1979 deaths
People from Jelenia Góra
German women aviators
German World War II pilots
Test pilots
People from the Province of Silesia
German glider pilots
Helicopter pilots
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939), 1st class
Flight altitude record holders
Flight endurance record holders
Rotorcraft flight record holders
Glider flight record holders
German aviation record holders
German women aviation record holders
German people of Austrian descent
Holocaust


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<mask> (born February 27, 1974) is a Congolese dancer and choreographer of contemporary dance. His works are structured along the lines of the dance form Ndombolo and its associated music and address "the legacy of decades of war, terror, fear and the collapse of the economy for himself, his family and his friends." Family background
<mask> was born in Ubundu, Zaire, now Democratic Republic of Congo. He was raised in a "multilingual, multicultural" environment, in a Roman Catholic family. Because of the state ideology of the Mobutu Sese Seko regime, the European name, Faustin, could not appear on any legal documents. The justification for this was that European names were imposed on Africans as a form of mental subjugation. Career
According to Toba Singer, <mask> studied literature and theater in Kisangani (in northeast Zaire, his native region).The universities in Zaire were soon shut down; he went to Nairobi, Kenya. In 1997 co-founded the Gàara company with mime Opiyo Okach and dancer Afrah Tenambergen, the first contemporary dance company in Kenya and his first experience as a choreographer. He then traveled to France where he took up a residency first with choreographer Régine Chopinot and then with Mathilde Monnier, and to the Tanzwochen Festival in Vienna, Austria where he and South African dancer Gregory Maqoma created Tales off the Mud Wall (2000). Returning to the Congo, in June 2001 in Kinshasa he established the Studios Kabako, a structure form multidisciplinary creation and performance; Brenda Dixon Gottschild, professor emerita of Dance Studies at Temple University characterizes this as choosing "the path of most resistance," given his opportunities in Europe. In 2003, he choreographed a piece for six hip-hop dancers as part of the Suresnes Cités Danse Festival. The French Centre National de la Danse gave him carte blanche to create a

masks:
Faustin Linyekula
Linyekula
Linyekula


texts: festival in 2005; the result was Le Cargo, in which appear ten African companies mostly presenting their work for the first time in Europe. In 2007, his Festival des mensonges ("Festival of Lies") was presented at the Festival d'Avignon, as well as Dinozord: The Dialogue Series (2006).″Le Cargo″, his first solo (2011) is still touring in Europe (Vienna, Paris, Grenoble, Brussels, Ostende, Genk, Athens, Geneva, Salzburg, Umea, Gdansk, Lisbon…), Africa (Tunis, Johannesburg, Kinshasa, Lubumbashi, Nouakchott, Dakar, Ouagadougou, Lusaka, Yaoundé, Douala, Niamey, Zinder, Djibouti, Kampala, Accra, Bata…), North America (New York, Portland, Minneapolis, Burlington - Vermont, Ottawa and Vancouver), Australia (Brisbane) and New Caledonia (Noumea). A piece for 4 dancers and 3 performers, ″Drums and Digging″ (2013) has been premiered at the Avignon festival in 2013 and toured in 2014 in France (Paris, Grenoble, Annecy) and Belgium (Leuven, Brussels, Genk). Other recent collaborations include ″La Création du Monde 1923-2012″, a piece for 24 dancers of the Ballet de Lorraine in Nancy and Djodjo Kazadi (2012) and ″Sans-titre″ (2009), a duet written by German director Raimund Hoghe. <mask> Linyekula is also teaching in Africa, Europe (Parts / Brussels, CNDC Angers / France, Impulstanz / Vienna) and in the United States (Florida University Gainesville, University of the Arts Philadelphia...) and has been part of a think tank with other African artists and intellectuals around the creation of an arts center near Cape Town. The think tank resulted in the creation of the Africa Centre. Since 2006, he is based in Kisangani. The Studios Kabako are accompanying there local and national artistic initiatives in the field of dance, theatre, music and video, from training to production and touring.Young accompanied artists include among others Dinozord, Papy Ebotany, Djino


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 Alolo, Dorine Mokha, Jeannot Kumbonyeki, Yves Mwamba.... (dance), Flamme Kapaya, Pasnas, Franck Moka, Huguette Tolinga (music), Michael Disanka & Christiana Tabaro (theatre). In May 2009 opened the first professional recording studio of the eastern part of the country. At the initiative of Pamoja project, a residency and production programme, the Studios Kabako have also host and coproduced many artists from Africa, including projects from South Africa, Nigeria, Senegal, Mozambique, Burkina Faso...

Linyekula is currently touring "Not Another Diva...", a musical theatre piece cosigned with South African performer Hlengiwe Lushaba. 2019 will mark the premiere of "Congo" adapted from Eric Vuillard's book and "Histoire(s) du théâtre II", a commission from Milo Rau / NTGent. <mask> is the winner of the 2007 Principal Prince Claus Award. In 2014, he received the Principle Award of the CurryStone Prize for the work developed in Kisangani. He is also one of the guest artists of the Re-Place-Ing Philadelphia project initiated in 2015 by the Painted Bride Art Centre.In 2016, he is associated artist to the city of Lisbon-Portugal, as part of the Artista Na Cidade] Biennale. In 2019, he is jointly with William Kentridge associate artist to the Holland festival. From September 2018 and for 3 years, he is associated artist to the Manège in Reims (France). Principal choreographic works

With Studios Kabako
Spectacularly Empty I (2001)
Triptyque sans titre – Fragments et Autres Boues Recyclés ("Untitled Triptych - Fragments and Other Recycled Sludge" 2002)
Spectacularly Empty II (2003)
Radio Okapi (2004)
Le Festival des mensonges ("Festival of Lies", 2005–2006)
The Dialogue Series: i. Franco (2006)The Dialogue Series: iii. Dinozord (2006)La Fratrie errante (2007)more more more... future (2009)Pour en finir avec Bérénice (2010)Le Cargo (2011) Sur les traces de


texts:
 Dinozord (2012) What is Black Music Anyway / Self-Portrait (2012), a performance for the MOMA in New YorkDrums and Digging (2013) The Dialogue Series: IV Moya (2014) Statue of Loss (2014)The Kin-Philly Connection (2015), a performance for the Fondation Cartier in ParisBanataba (2017), a Metropolitanlivearts production, with Moya MichaelNot Another Diva... (2018), a music/theater piece by <mask> Linyekula and Hlengiwe Lushaba

Others
 Cleansing (1997, with Opiyo Okach, Afrah Tenambergen and la Compagnie Gàara)Tales off the Mud Wall (2000, with Gregory Vuyani Maqoma)Telle une ombre gravée dans la poussière ("Such a Shadow Etched in the Dust", 2003)Mes obsessions: j’y pense et puis je crie! ("My obsessions: I think and then I scream! ", 2006)Si c'est un nègre / autoportrait ("If that is a Black Man / Self Portrait", (2003), a solo for French dancer Sylvain PrunenecBérénice (2009) by Jean Racine, a commission by the Comédie française in ParisLa création du monde 1923-2012 (2012) for the Ballet de Lorraine, Nancy

Notes

References
 This article incorporates material translated 5 December 2007 from the article of the same name in the French Wikipedia.
 .Essay commissioned by The Africa Contemporary Arts Consortium and published as a pamphlet by MAPP International Productions, promoters of the Festival of Lies'' 2007 US Tour. A version of this essay can be found on the site of the Walker Art Center, but appears to have some typographical errors. Amended in 2010 by Virginie Dupray, manager of Faustin Linyekula. External links

  Studios Kabako de Faustin Linyekula, Official site

  around Studios Kabako's project in Lubunga, Official site

1974 births
Living people
People from Tshopo
Contemporary dancers
Democratic Republic of the Congo Roman Catholics
Democratic Republic of the Congo choreographers
21st-century Democratic Republic of the Congo


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Harry Christopher "<mask><mask>. (August 12, 1939 – August 3, 2008) was an American sportscaster, best known for his long career as a radio and television play-by-play announcer for the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball. He was the son of baseball announcer <mask>, and the father of fellow Braves broadcaster <mask>; another son, <mask>, is a reporter for All News 106.7. Early life and education
<mask> grew up in baseball as the son of Hall of Fame broadcaster <mask>, who would routinely refer to his son at 8:30 p.m. during every broadcast by saying, "Good night, Skippy", a phrase for which he was teased throughout his adolescence. He studied television and radio at the University of Missouri where he received a degree in journalism and was a member of Phi Gamma Delta. He began his career in St. Louis calling Saint Louis University and St. Louis Hawks basketball. In 1968, Caray moved with the Hawks to Atlanta, where he also called Atlanta Flames hockey games and did morning sportscasts on WSB-AM. Career

Atlanta Braves

In 1976, he was added to the broadcast team for the Braves, a position he held until his death.In September 2007, Caray was not asked to announce League Division Series games on TBS and was kept exclusive to the Braves as the team's broadcasts moved to local Atlanta network Peachtree TV (a direct descendant of the original WTBS). Caray felt slighted by the move. Perhaps, Caray's most memorable call was his description of Francisco Cabrera's game-winning hit in Game 7 of the 1992 National League Championship Series against the Pittsburgh Pirates. The game itself, was ultimately decided on Braves first-baseman Sid Bream beating out Pirates left-fielder Barry Bonds' throw to home plate. And when the Braves defeated the Cleveland Indians in Game 6 of the 1995 World Series, to earn the city of Atlanta its first major professional sports

masks:
Skip
" Caray Jr
Harry Caray
Chip Caray
Josh Caray
Skip Caray
Harry Caray


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 championship, Caray soon after Marquis Grissom caught the final out in center-field, cried that the "Atlanta Braves have given you a championship!" <mask> was inducted into the Atlanta Braves Hall of Fame in 2004 alongside long-time Braves broadcaster Pete Van Wieren. He has been recognized with six Georgia Sportscaster-of-the Year awards from the National Sportswriters and Sportscasters Association, as well as a Georgia-area Emmy award.On December 18, 2006, the Braves organization announced that Caray (and partner Van Wieren) had signed three-year contracts to continue doing Braves game broadcasts on their radio network. However, Caray only announced ten games on TBS in the 2007 season before being relegated to Peachtree TV. On the final broadcast of Braves TBS Baseball (September 30, 2007), Caray thanked fans saying, "To all you people who have watched the Braves for these 30 years ... thank you. We appreciate you more than you will ever know. ... Thank you folks and God bless you. And we're going to miss you every bit as much as you miss us."NBC Sports
In 2000, NBC hired Caray to do play-by-play with Joe Morgan on the AL Division Series between the New York Yankees and Oakland Athletics. Caray was filling in for Bob Costas, who sat out the Division Series after anchoring NBC's prime time coverage of the Summer Olympic Games from Sydney, Australia. Other appearances
On December 11, 1982, Caray along with Abe Lemons called the much hyped college basketball contest between Virginia and Georgetown (led by Ralph Sampson and Patrick Ewing respectively) for TBS. Caray also called play-by-play for the first two seasons (1990–91) of the TNT network's Sunday night NFL coverage as well as TBS' coverage of the NBA and college football, and anchored TBS' coverage of the 1990 Goodwill Games. He made his motion picture debut in the 1985 movie The Slugger's Wife,


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 starring Michael O'Keefe, Randy Quaid and Rebecca De Mornay. Caray frequently mocked his participation in the film on-air, and referred to it as one of the worst movies ever made, often saying that the actors in the movie probably watched it as the in-flight movie on their way back to Los Angeles. Caray was also the lead play-by-play man for The Baseball Network's (a joint venture of ABC and NBC Sports respectively) regional coverage of Braves games during that ill-fated experiment's two seasons (1994 and 1995) usually alongside the opposing team's secondary play-by-play man or color commentator.Broadcasting style
Caray's broadcasts were characterized by his witty and sarcastic sense of humor, a personality trait that endeared him to most fans, but alienated him from some. For example, during a particularly long losing streak in the 1980s, Caray declared at the start of a game against the Pittsburgh Pirates, "And, like lambs to the slaughter, the Braves take the field". Other frequent targets of Caray's jokes included the Montreal Expos' mascot Youppi, New York Mets fans, professional wrestling, The Wave, TBS baseball broadcast producer Glenn Diamond, and the post game B-movie frequently shown on TBS during the 1980s. In one instance, in order to get back at Atlanta Journal-Constitution columnist Ron Hudspeth for a critical column, Caray paid to have an airplane tow a banner above Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium during a Braves game which read, "For a good time, call Rona Hudspeth", and included Ron's actual phone number. Among other memorable lines, Caray said of Braves pitcher Charlie Kerfeld, who was 6'4" and 245 lbs., "Boy, he is big enough to go to work." And during a losing streak, after talking about a promotion in which Braves fans could come on the field and meet the players, Caray commented, "The way things are going, we may make the fans go


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 through a metal detector on the way to the field." Caray was also known for his tendency to identify the hometowns of fans who catch foul balls during Braves games in jest.Fans who reside in the metro Atlanta area were identified by a random suburb, though there was no legitimacy behind these references. Similarly, when daytime home games went long, Caray would routinely give a "traffic report" at exactly 5 o'clock on radio broadcasts. It consisted of his rattling off a random list of major Atlanta arteries, and describing each one as hopelessly backed up. When the Braves suffered a severely bad outing, and the score was strongly lopsided in favor of the other team, in late innings he would often tell fans "It's OK to walk the dog now, folks, if you promise to support our sponsors." In addition to his play-by-play duties, Caray also hosted a pre-game call in show on WSB until 2004. Criticism
In June 2000, Caray, along with fellow Braves broadcasters Joe Simpson, Pete Van Wieren and Don Sutton, were banned from Atlanta Braves team charter flights for several games after criticizing Braves catcher Javy López for being penalized for setting up outside the catchers box during a game against the Milwaukee Brewers. In an attempt to combat criticism of Caray's on-air "home team" bias and to market its baseball coverage to non-Braves fans, during the 2003 season, TBS removed him and Pete Van Wieren from announcing Braves games on television.The move was strongly criticized by Braves fans, the local Atlanta media, and Braves manager Bobby Cox. Over 90% of Braves fans who voted in an online poll conducted by the Atlanta Journal-Constitution preferred <mask> and Van Wieren to the more neutral broadcasts. The move backfired, and ratings for the TBS broadcasts declined sharply. After the All-Star Break, <mask> and Van Wieren were returned to the booth. They were

masks: Caray Caray


texts:
 taken off permanently in 2007 with TBS hiring new broadcasters for their playoff coverage later in the year. Death
On August 3, 2008, the Atlanta Braves announced that Caray had died, nine days before what would have been his 69th birthday. His wife, Paula, reported to the Atlanta Journal-Constitution that on Sunday afternoon when she thought her husband was napping, she looked out the window and saw a bird feeder not hanging where it should be and thought it had been blown down by the wind.When she stood up, she noticed her husband lying on the ground next to the bird feeder. He had been suffering from failing health for nearly a year prior, but returned to work for the 2008 season, calling a game on radio as recently as three days before his death. Tributes to Caray were given on all of the Atlanta television stations that evening and on WGST-AM the next morning. Shortly after Caray's death, the Atlanta Braves began wearing a memorial patch on their uniforms that read "SKIP", which appeared on the sleeve opposite the "BEACH" patch honoring Jim Beauchamp that they had been wearing since the beginning of the 2008 season. References

External links
 <mask> <mask> Online Memorial
 Skip Caray Cable's First Baseball Star

1939 births
2008 deaths
American radio sports announcers
American television sports announcers
Television personalities from Atlanta
Atlanta Braves announcers
Atlanta Falcons announcers
Atlanta Flames announcers
Atlanta Hawks announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
Major League Baseball broadcasters
National Basketball Association broadcasters
National Football League announcers
National Hockey League broadcasters
American people of Italian descent
American people of Romanian descent
People from St. Louis
Radio personalities from Atlanta
St. Louis Hawks announcers
University of Missouri

masks: Skip Caray


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<mask> (12 March 1915 – 13 March 1943) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II, a fighter ace credited with 138 enemy aircraft shot down in 274 combat missions. The majority of his victories were claimed over the Eastern Front, with six claims over the Western Front. Born in Gundelsdorf, <mask> volunteered for military service in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany in 1936. Following flight training and a period at a fighter pilot training school as an instructor, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) in 1940. Following the Norwegian Campaign he claimed his first three aerial victories in late 1940 in that theater. In July 1941, <mask> was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of the 4. Staffel (4th squadron) of JG 77 which he led in Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union.Following his 43rd aerial victory he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 31 December 1941 and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves on 23 June 1942 after 81 victories. He claimed his 100th aerial victory on 24 July 1942. In February 1943 <mask> was appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of the I. Gruppe (1st group) of Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing) which was based in France on the Western Front. <mask> claimed three more victories before he was killed in action on his 274th combat mission in a mid-air collision with a Supermarine Spitfire on 13 March 1943. Early life and career
<mask> was born on 12 March 1915 in Gundelsdorf near Kronach, Upper Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria. He was the son of an Oberförster (head of a forest range) and joined the military service of the Luftwaffe as a Fahnenjunker (cadet) on

masks:
Heinrich Setz
Setz
Setz
Setz
Setz
Setz


texts:
 6 April 1936. He was promoted to Leutnant (second lieutenant) on 1 January 1938.On 1 July 1938, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader 135 (135th Fighter Wing). From April 1939 onwards he was posted to a Jagdfliegerschule (fighter pilot training school) as an instructor. On 3 April 1940 he was transferred to Jagdfliegerschule 3 at Stolp-Reitz, present day Słupsk-Redzikowo Airport in Poland. There he was promoted to Oberleutnant (first lieutenant) on 1 June 1940. World War II
World War II in Europe began on Friday 1 September 1939 when German forces invaded Poland. <mask> was transferred to a front-line unit when he joined II. Gruppe (2nd group) of Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) on 28 June 1940.There he was assigned to the 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of JG 77 on 1 July 1940. JG 77 at the time was based at Kristiansand, in southern Norway. He claimed three aerial victories in this theater, his first aerial victory, a Royal Air Force (RAF) No. 82 Squadron Bristol Blenheim bomber, was shot down south of Stavanger over Norway's west coast on 27 August 1940. This achievement earned him the Iron Cross 2nd Class () on 12 September 1940. Following two further victories over Norway, he received Iron Cross 1st Class () on 18 October 1940.In May 1941, <mask> was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 4. Staffel of 2. (Schul. )/Ergänzungs-Gruppe of JG 77, a supplementary training group for new pilots posted to the front. Eastern Front
Following the Invasion of Yugoslavia, JG 77 was moved to Romania in preparation for Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941. II. and III.Gruppe, plus the Stab (headquarters unit), of JG 77 supported the German advance as part of

masks: Setz Setz


texts: Heeresgruppe Süd (Army Group South). On 21 June, II. Gruppe was ordered from Bucharest to Roman, a forward airfield near the Siret river. That evening, the pilots and ground crews were briefed of the upcoming invasion of the Soviet Union, which opened the Eastern Front. In late June or early July, <mask> succeeded Hauptmann Walter Jänisch as Staffelkapitän of 4. Staffel of JG 77. There, he claimed his first aerial victory on the Eastern Front, his fourth in total, on a Junkers Ju 87 dive bomber escort mission to Kamianets-Podilskyi.He shot down a Polikarpov I-16 fighter aircraft. On 21 July, II. Gruppe flew thirteen combat missions providing fighter protection for the bridges over the Dniester near Yampol. That day, <mask> claimed two I-16 fighters shot down. On the twelfth mission, which started at 18:18 from Bălți, <mask> himself was shot down in his Messerschmitt Bf 109 E (Werknummer 1384—factory number), resulting in a forced landing. At the time, the architect of the Holocaust Reinhard Heydrich, who was holding the rank of Major der Reserve (major of the military reserves) within the Luftwaffe, served together with <mask> in II. Gruppe of JG 77.<mask> claimed his 30th victory on 29 October 1941 and less than a month later, on 21 November, he shot down his 40th opponent. On 27 November 1941, <mask> claimed three aerial victories in combat south of Rostov-on-Don. A Polikarpov I-153 biplane fighter and two Tupolev SB-2 bombers took his total to 45, his last victories in 1941. II. Gruppe was withdrawn from combat operations on 3 December 1941 and moved to Vienna-Aspern for reequipment with the Bf 109 F-4. <mask> was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross () on 31 December 1941. By end

masks: Setz Setz Setz Setz Setz Setz Setz


texts:
 1941, 4.Staffel had been credited with 110 aerial victories and further 89 aircraft destroyed on the ground under his leadership. Crimea and Caucasus
On 11 March 1942, II. Gruppe began relocating back to the Eastern Front, at first to Proskuriv where it stayed for a few days, and then to Sarabuz on the Crimea, arriving on 17 March 1942. Here he became an "ace-in-a-day" on 19 March 1942, claiming his 46th to 50th aerial victory during the Siege of Sevastopol. That day, he was credited with shooting down two Petlyakov Pe-2 ground attack aircraft, two Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 fighter aircraft and one Ilyushin DB-3 bomber. <mask> claimed three Yakovlev Yak-7 fighters on 21 April over Prymorskyi against the Crimean Front taking his total to 60 aerial victories. He was again shot down on 3 May, resulting in forced landing of his Bf 109 F-4.He was shot down by pilots from the 9 IAP (Fighter Aviation Regiment—Istrebitelny Aviatsionny Polk) of the ChF (Soviet Black Sea Fleet—Chernomorskiy Flot). On 13 May 1942, he claimed three further victories, two Yakovlev Yak-1 fighters and one Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 fighters, taking his total to 70 victories. Following his 81st victory on 23 June, a I-153 fighter, <mask> was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves () on the same day. The award was presented at the Führerhauptquartier (Führer Headquarters) at Rastenburg on 28/29 June 1942. Two other Luftwaffe officers were presented with the Oak Leaves that day by Hitler, the night-fighter pilot Hauptmann (captain) Helmut Lent and fellow JG 77 pilot Oberleutnant Friedrich Geißhardt. Following his return to the front, JG 77 was assigned to the newly created Army Group B in support of Fall


texts:
 Blau (Case Blue), the Wehrmacht'''s 1942 strategic summer offensive in southern Russia. On 5 July 1942, II./JG 77 was based at Kastornoje, approximately  west of Voronezh, where it fought in the Battle of Voronezh.<mask> briefly commanded II./JG 77 in July for Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) Anton Mader. He claimed two MiG-3s on 23 July 1942. On the next day, 24 July, he reached his 100th aerial victory. He was the 13th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark. This achievement earned him German Cross in Gold () which was awarded to him on 21 August 1942. On 16 September, <mask>, for the second time, became an "ace-in-a-day" after he claimed the destruction of three LaGG-3 fighter aircraft and two Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft, taking his total to 133 aerial victories. Setz's 4.Staffel was then reequipped with the Bf 109 G-2 and transferred to an airfield at Stary Oskol on 23 September 1942. On 2 October, 4. And 6. Staffel flew a fighter escort mission for a flight of Heinkel He 111 bombers attacking Soviet positions north of Voronezh. On this mission, <mask> claimed two LaGG-3, his last victories on the Eastern Front. This took his total to 135 aerial victories. <mask> was promoted to Hauptmann on 1 November 1942.On 7 November 1942, II. Gruppe received orders from Generalmajor Alfred Bülowius, the commander of the 1. Flieger-Division (1st Air Division), to relocate to the North African theater of operations. Western Front and death
<mask> however did not rejoin his unit. On 12 November he was appointed the new Gruppenkommandeur of I. Gruppe (1st group) of Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing), to replace Hauptmann Gerhard Homuth who had to resign the command because of

masks: Setz Setz Setz Setz Setz


texts: illness. This unit had formerly led the assault in North Africa but after being shattered in the recent battles around El Alamein had been pulled back for rest and rebuild. <mask> took over his command in Bari, Italy on 20 November 1942, and led the transferal back to Krefeld in Germany, where they arrived on 28 November 1942.After a brief period of recreation, the group began preparations for a transfer to France on 2 January 1943. Stab, 1. and 3. Staffeln transferred to Évreux Air Field on 31 January 1943. The remaining groups followed and new pilots and new Bf 109 G-4 joined the group. Now fighting a completely different type of air-war, versus the combat box-formations of bombers of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) VIII Bomber Command, Setz had the entire group conduct training flights and reported operational readiness on 20 February 1943. On 13 March 1943, I. Gruppe took off to intercept USAAF Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress bombers. On this 274th combat mission, he claimed two escorting Supermarine Spitfires from the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) No.127 Wing in five minutes over Abbeville, but it is believed he was killed when he collided with a third fifteen minutes later at high altitude. His Bf 109 G-4 (Werknummer 14 862—factory number) crashed at Yzengremer,   east of Le Tréport. In recognition of his leadership, he was posthumously promoted to Major, backdated to 1 March 1943. <mask>, who was the brother in law of Franz Ruhl, was interred at the Bourdon German war cemetery in Bourdon, France in block 32, row 11, grave 427. Following his death, Hauptmann Hans-Joachim Heinecke briefly led the Gruppe until Hauptmann Erich Hohagen took command on 7 April. Summary of


texts:
 career

Aerial victory claims
<mask> was credited with 138 enemy aircraft shot down in 274 combat missions, of which 132 were claimed over the Eastern Front, with 3 during the invasion of Norway and 3 over the Western Front in defense of the Reich. Matthews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 133 aerial victory claims, plus three further unconfirmed claims.This figure of confirmed claims includes 128 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and five on the Western Front. Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 3541". The Luftwaffe grid map () covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about . These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 × 4 km in size. Awards
 Iron Cross (1939)
 2nd Class (12 September 1940)
 1st Class (18 October 1940)
 German Cross in Gold on 21 August 1942 as Oberleutnant in the II./Jagdgeschwader 77
 Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
 Knight's Cross on 31 December 1941 as Oberleutnant and Staffelkapitän of the 4./Jagdgeschwader 77
 102nd Oak Leaves on 23 June 1942 as Oberleutnant and Staffelkapitän of the 4./Jagdgeschwader'' 77

Dates of rank

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

1915 births
1943 deaths
Luftwaffe pilots
German World War II flying aces
German military personnel killed in World War II
Recipients of the Gold German Cross
Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
Burials at Bourdon


texts:
<mask>, 3rd Earl of Southampton   (6 October 1573 – 10 November 1624), (pronunciation uncertain:  "Rezley",  "Rizely" (archaic),  (present-day) and  have been suggested), was the only son of <mask>, 2nd Earl of Southampton, and Mary Browne, daughter of Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montagu. Shakespeare's two narrative poems, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece, were dedicated to Southampton, who is frequently identified as the Fair Youth of Shakespeare's Sonnets. Family
<mask>, born 6 October 1573 at Cowdray House, Sussex, was the only son of <mask>, 2nd Earl of Southampton, by Mary Browne. She was the only daughter of Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montague, and his first wife, Jane Radcliffe. He had two sisters, Jane, who died before 1573, and Mary (), who in June 1585 married Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour. After his father's death, Southampton's mother married firstly, on 2 May 1594, as her second husband, Sir Thomas Heneage (d. 17 October 1595), Vice-Chamberlain of the Household. After being widowed again, she married, between 5 November 1598 and 31 January 1599, Sir William Hervey.She died in November 1607. Early life
When his father died on 4 October 1581, Southampton inherited the earldom and landed income valued at £1097 6s per annum. His wardship and marriage were sold by the Queen to her kinsman, Charles, Lord Howard of Effingham, for £1000. According to Akrigg, Howard "entered into some further agreement, of which no documentation can now be found, which transferred to Lord Burghley personally the custody and marriage of the young Earl, but left Howard

masks:
Henry Wriothesley
Henry Wriothesley
Henry Wriothesley
Henry Wriothesley


texts: holding his lands." Late in 1581 or early in 1582 Southampton, then eight years of age went to live at Cecil House in the Strand. In October 1585, at age twelve, Southampton entered St John's College, Cambridge, graduating M.A. on 6 June 1589.His name was entered at the Gray's Inn legal society before he left the university, and he was admitted on 29 February 1588. On Southampton's 16th birthday, 6 October 1589, Lord Burghley noted Southampton's age in his diary. By 1590 Burghley was negotiating with Southampton's grandfather, Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montague, and Southampton's mother, Mary, for a marriage between <mask> and Lord Burghley's eldest granddaughter, Elizabeth Vere, daughter of Burghley's daughter, Anne Cecil, and Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford. But <mask> did not like the match and, in a letter written in November 1594, about six weeks after Southampton had turned 21, the Jesuit <mask> reported the rumour that "The young Erle of Southampton refusing the Lady Veere payeth £5000 of present payment". In 1591 Lord Burghley's Clerk in Chancery, John Clapham, dedicated to Southampton a poem in Latin, Narcissus, recounting the Greek legend of a beautiful young man who perishes through self-love. According to Akrigg, <mask> was now spending much of his time at court. He was in attendance when Queen Elizabeth visited Oxford in late September 1592 and was praised in the Latin poem written by John Sandford to commemorate the Queen's visit.In October 1592 <mask>'s grandfather, Viscount Montague, died. Montague had been a Knight of the Garter, and on 3 May 1593, Philip Gawdy

masks:
Southampton
Southampton
Henry Garnet
Southampton
Southampton


texts:
 of Clifford's Inn (a law school and Inn of Chancery) wrote to his brother, Bassingbourne Gawdy, that Southampton had been nominated to the Order, together with the Lord Keeper, Lord Burgh, and Lord Willoughby de Eresby. Shortly thereafter, in his Honour of the Garter dated 26 June 1593, George Peele referred to him as "Gentle Wriothesley, Southampton's star", claiming erroneously that an Earl of Southampton had been among the founding Knights. However, it was not until 1603 that Southampton was invested in the Order under King James. Southampton and Shakespeare

In 1593 Shakespeare dedicated his narrative poem Venus and Adonis to Southampton, followed in 1594 by The Rape of Lucrece. Although the dedication to Venus and Adonis is more restrained, the dedication to The Rape of Lucrece is couched in extravagant terms:
The love I dedicate to your lordship is without end ... What I have done is yours; what I have to do is yours; being part in all I have, devoted yours. This type of vaunting language was not particularly unusual, however, because other dedications of the day always excessively praised any noble person sponsoring the author's work – mainly for political and, above all, financial reasons.Nathan Drake, in Shakespeare and his Times, was the first to suggest that Southampton was not only the dedicatee of Shakespeare's two long narrative poems, but also the "Fair Youth" of the Sonnets. The title page refers to the "onlie begetter of these  sonnets Mr W.H.," and it had earlier been inferred that the Sonnets were addressed to "Mr. W.H.". Drake, however, adopting Chalmers' suggestion


texts:
 that one meaning of "beget" is "bring forth", argued that Mr. W.H. was the procurer of the manuscript rather than the "Fair Youth" addressed in the poems. Confirmation of this as also that "Mr. W.H."was the William Hervey who married Southampton's mother and inherited 'her goods' is provided by Edward Chaney. Other adherents of the theory that Southampton was the addressee of the Sonnets have suggested that his initials, H.W. (<mask>), were simply reversed by the publisher to conceal his identity. But, Honan argues that although Southampton
may be involved in Shakespeare's sonnets ... there is no real likelihood that he traduced him by drawing his portrait as the fickle, treacherous Young Man of the sonnets, who is implicitly "lascivious" (sonnet 95), "sensual" to a "fault" or to his "shame" (sonnets 34, 35), and ridden with vices. Despite extensive archival research, no documents have been found concerning their relationship apart from the dedications to Shakespeare's two long narrative poems. Nicholas Rowe, on the authority of poet and playwright William Davenant (1606 – 7 April 1668), stated in his Life of Shakespeare that Southampton once gave Shakespeare £1,000 to "go through with a purchase", but Honan terms this a myth. The 1590s
Southampton received dedications from other writers in the 1590s.On 27 June 1593 Thomas Nashe completed his picaresque novel, The Unfortunate Traveller, and dedicated it to Southampton, terming him "a dere lover and cherisher ... as well of the lovers of Poets, as of Poets themselves", and in 1593 Barnabe Barnes published Parthenophil and Parthenope


texts: with a dedicatory sonnet to Southampton. In 1595 Gervase Markham included a dedicatory sonnet to Southampton in The Most Honorable Tragedy of Richard Grinvile, Knight. On 2 March 1596 John Florio's Italian/English dictionary was entered in the Stationers' Register. In his dedication, Florio, who was for some years in the Earl's "pay and patronage", complimented Southampton on his fluency in Italian, saying he "had become so complete a master of Italian as to have no need of travel abroad to perfect his mastery of that tongue". In 1597 <mask> included a sonnet to Southampton among the sixty dedicatory sonnets in his Sundry Christian Passions. In the same year William Burton dedicated to him a translation of Achilles Tatius's, Clitophon and Leucippe. On 4 October 1594 Southampton's friend, Sir <mask>, shot <mask>, brother of Sir Walter Long, in the course of a local feud between the Danvers and Long families.Sir <mask> and his elder brother, Sir Charles Danvers, fled to Titchfield, where Southampton sheltered them. The brothers were outlawed, and eventually escaped to the continent where they took refuge at the court of King Henri IV. On 17 November 1595, Southampton jousted in Queen Elizabeth's accession day tournament, earning a mention in George Peele's Anglorum Feriae as "gentle and debonaire". However, according to Akrigg, "Gentle and debonair he may have been, but we never again hear of Southampton being high in the graces of Queen Elizabeth". On 13 April 1596 the Queen specifically instructed Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, not to take either Southampton or the Earl of Derby,

masks:
Henry Lok
Henry Danvers
Henry Long
Henry


texts: with him on an expedition for the Relief of Calais, and it also appears that Southampton did not accompany Essex on the Cadiz Expedition that summer. In February 1597 Southampton challenged the Earl of Northumberland to a duel with rapiers, requiring intervention by the Queen and Privy Council, and on 1 March stood godfather at the christening of Sir Robert Sidney's daughter, Bridget. Later that year Southampton was with Essex on his "inglorious" Voyage to the Azores, where according to Rowland Whyte, "My Lord of Southampton fought with one of the Kings great Men of Warre, and suncke her".On his return he made his first appearance in the House of Lords on 5 November, and was put on several committees, but became a "chronic absentee". By this time he was in serious financial difficulties, and had turned over administration of his estates to two trustees, who by the end of the year had sold some of his lands. In 1598 Southampton was involved in a brawl at court with Ambrose Willoughby, one of the Queen's esquires of the body, who had ordered him to leave the presence chamber where he was playing the card game primero after the Queen had retired for the evening. Southampton struck Willoughby, and "Willoughby puld of some of his locke", for which the Queen gave Willoughby thanks, saying "he had done better yf he had sent hym to the porters lodge, to see who durst have fetcht hym out". There is a suggestion that underlying the altercation was something Willoughby had said which caused trouble between Southampton and his mistress, Elizabeth Vernon, one of the Queen's Maids of Honour. The


texts: Queen forbade <mask> to present himself at court, although he was soon allowed back. Nonetheless it was reported by Rowland Whyte at the beginning of February that "My Lord of Southampton is much troubled at her Majesties straungest Usage of hym".Faced with his financial difficulties and the Queen's disfavour, Southampton determined to live abroad for a time, and seized the opportunity of accompanying Sir Robert Cecil on an embassy to Henri IV of France. On 6 February Southampton was granted licence to travel abroad for two years, and by March he and Cecil were in Angers, where on 7 March <mask> was presented to the French King. When Cecil returned to England from his failed mission in April, <mask> remained at the French court, planning to travel to Italy with Sir Charles Danvers and Sir <mask>, whom he had helped to escape from England in 1594 after the murder of <mask>. At that juncture the Queen decided to pardon the Danvers brothers, and they were back in England on 30 August 1598, at which time Southampton also returned in secret, and married his pregnant mistress, Elizabeth Vernon. He left for the continent almost immediately, but by 3 September the Queen had learned of the marriage and consigned Elizabeth Vernon, one of her chief ladies-in-waiting, to the Fleet Prison for marrying without royal permission. The Queen ordered Southampton to return to England forthwith, but he remained in Paris for two months, losing large sums in gambling. By the beginning of November he was back in England, also lodged in the Fleet, where he remained for a month, during which time Elizabeth

masks:
Southampton
Southampton
Southampton
Henry Danvers
Henry Long


texts:
 Vernon gave birth to a daughter, Penelope.To add to his difficulties, <mask> was at this time involved in a dispute with his mother, the Dowager Countess, over her prospective marriage to Sir William Hervey. Lord <mask> was brought in to smooth matters between mother and son, and the Countess and Hervey were wed in early January 1599. In 1599, during the Nine Years' War (1595–1603), <mask> went to Ireland with Essex, who made him General of the Horse, but the Queen insisted that the appointment be cancelled. <mask> remained on in personal attendance upon the Earl, rather than as an officer. However, <mask> was active during the campaign and prevented a defeat at the hands of the Irish rebels when his cavalry drove off an attack at Arklow in County Wicklow. Shortly after the Essex's Rebellion in February 1601, William Reynolds, a soldier who had served with Essex in Ireland in 1599, mentioned <mask> in a letter to Sir Robert Cecil. Speaking of certain men involved in the Essex rebellion who had not yet been arrested, Reynolds wrote:

I do mervell also what becam of pearse edmones, the earle of Essex man, borne in strand neare me, and which has had many rewards & preferments by the earle essex, his villany I have often complained of, he dweles in London, he was corporall generall of the horse in Ierland under the earle of Sowthamton, he eate & drank at his table and lay in his tente, the earle of Sowthamton gave him a horse, which edmones refused a 100 markes for him, the earle Sowthamton would cole and huge him in his armes and play wantonly with him.This pearse began to fawne and

masks:
Southampton
Henry Howard
Southampton
Southampton
Southampton
Southampton


texts:
 flatter me in Ierland offering me great curtesie, telling me what pay grases & giftes they earles bestowed uppon him, therby seming to move and anymate me to desiar and looke for the like favour, But I coeld never love & afecte them to make them my frends, esspecially essex whoes mynd I ever mistrusted.... According to Duncan-Jones, Reynolds' letter hints that 'rewards could be obtained from either or both of the two Earls in return for sexual favours'. On the other hand, Duncan-Jones concludes that Reynolds may have been a paranoid schizophrenic, and that by his own statement he had written over 200 letters to the Queen, Privy Council, and members of the clergy wherein he had "complaynid of al the abewses and vilent oppresseones & sodometicall sines over flowing this land". On his return from Ireland, <mask> attracted notice as a playgoer. "My Lord <mask> and Lord Rutland," wrote Rowland Whyte to Sir Robert Sydney in 1599, "come not to the court: the one doth but very seldom. They pass away the time in London merely in going to plays every day". <mask> was deeply involved in Essex's Rebellion of 1601, and in February of that year he was sentenced to death.Cecil, who urged the Queen to show the greatest possible degree of clemency,  obtained the commutation of his penalty to life imprisonment. Life under King James

On the accession of James I <mask> resumed his place at court and received numerous honours from the new king. On the eve of the abortive rebellion of Essex, he had induced the players at the Globe Theatre to revive Richard II. After his release from prison in 1603, he

masks: Southampton Southampton Southampton Southampton


texts: resumed his connection with the stage. In January 1605 he entertained Queen Anne with a performance of Love's Labour's Lost by Burbage and his company, to which Shakespeare belonged, at Southampton House. <mask> seems to have been a born fighter, and engaged in more than one serious quarrel at court, being imprisoned for a short time in 1603 following a heated argument with Lord Grey of Wilton in front of Queen Anne. Grey, an implacable opponent of the Essex faction, was later implicated in the Main Plot and Bye Plot.Southampton was in more serious disgrace in 1621 for his determined opposition to Buckingham. He was a volunteer on the Protestant side in Germany in 1614, and in 1617 he proposed to fit out an expedition against the Barbary pirates. Southampton was a leader among the Jacobean aristocrats who turned to modern investment practices"in industry, in modernizing their estates and in overseas trade and colonization." He financed the first tinplate mill in the country, and founded an ironworks at Titchfield. He developed his properties in London, in Bloomsbury and Holborn; he revamped his country estates, participated in the efforts of the East India Company and the New England Company, and backed <mask>'s search for the Northwest Passage. <mask>, a member of the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London, also was active in the East India Company and may have been involved in Southampton's activities in Titchfield. He died there in 1625 and was buried in St. Peter's parish church.A significant artistic patron in the Jacobean as well as the Elizabethan era, Southampton promoted

masks:
Southampton
Henry Hudson
Henry Timberlake


texts:
 the work of George Chapman, Samuel Daniel, Thomas Heywood, and the composer Alfonso Ferrabosco the younger. Heywood's popular, expansionist dramas were compatible with Southampton's maritime and colonial interests. Virginia Company

<mask>, whose name is included in the 1605 panel of the New World Tapestry, took a considerable share in promoting the colonial enterprises of the time, and was an active member of the Virginia Company's governing council. Although profits proved elusive, his other visions for the Colony based at Jamestown were eventually accomplished. He was part of a faction within the company with Sir Edwin Sandys, who eventually became the Treasurer, and worked tirelessly to support the struggling venture. In addition to profits, Southampton's faction sought a permanent colony which would enlarge British territory, relieve the nation's overpopulation, and expand the market for English goods. Although profits largely eluded the Virginia Company, and it was dissolved in 1624, the other goals were accomplished.His name is thought by many to be the origin of the naming of the harbour of Hampton Roads, and the Hampton River. Although named at later dates, similar attribution may involve the town (and later city) of Hampton, Virginia, as well as Southampton County, Virginia and Northampton County. However, the name Southampton was not uncommon in England, including an important port city and an entire region along the southern coast, which was originally part of Hampshire. There are also variations applied in other areas of the English colonies which were not part of the


texts:
 Virginia Company of London's efforts, making the origin of the word and derivations of it as applied in Virginia even more debatable. Later life and death
In 1624, Southampton was one of four Englishmen appointed to command troops fighting in the Low Countries against the Spanish. Shortly after their arrival, the earl's eldest son, James Wriothesley, succumbed to an unspecified "fever" at Rosendael. Five days later, on 10 November 1624, Southampton died of the same cause at Bergen-op-Zoom, aged 51.Their remains were returned to England, and both men were buried in the family chapel of the parish church of Titchfield, Hampshire. The magnificent tomb features four prominent obelisks as well as kneeling relief figures of the youthful 3rd Earl and his sister. The Wriothesleys were still Catholic in the early 1590s when this tomb was built, as were the Montagus of Cowdray, whose closely related tomb featuring similarly-positioned obelisks was dismantled and relocated from Midhurst to Easebourne in the 19th century (Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montagu, was the 3rd Earl's maternal grandfather). The four obelisks probably reference the four internationally-celebrated Egyptian ones reerected by Pope Sixtus V in Rome in the 1580s. Marriage and issue

In August 1598, Southampton married Elizabeth Vernon, the daughter of John Vernon of Hodnet, Shropshire, and his wife Elizabeth Devereux. Devereux's grandfathers were the Viscount Hereford and the Earl of Huntingdon. On her father John Vernon's side, Elizabeth Vernon's paternal ancestors were more obscure.The marriage was held secretly to


texts:
 legitimize an already-visible pregnancy, based on a letter of John Chamberlain in which he writes "Mistress Vernon is from the court, and lies in Essex House. Some say she hath taken a venue under the girdle and swells upon it, yet she complains not of foul play but says the Earl of Southampton will justify it; and it is bruited underhand that he was lately here four days in great secret of purpose to marry her and effected it accordingly". Queen Elizabeth, angered by this marriage of one of her retinue without her permission, had both of the newlyweds imprisoned. When Elizabeth was pregnant, she wrote to her husband asking him to buy her a stomacher of scarlet cloth lined with plush to keep her warm while riding. She also asked him to bring a portrait 'very finely done'. They had two sons and three daughters listed on his funeral certificate:
Lady Penelope Wriothesley (18 November 1598 – 16 July 1667), who married William Spencer, 2nd Baron Spencer of Wormleighton. Lady Anne Wriothesley (born 1600 - died 1662), who married Robert Wallop (20 July 1601 – 19 November 1667) of Farley Wallop, by whom she had issue; their great-grandson was John Wallop, 1st Earl of Portsmouth.James Wriothesley, Lord Wriothesley (1 March 1605 – 5 November 1624), who died of an unspecified "fever" five days before his father when they were fighting in the Low Countries; his father also died of fever. Thomas Wriothesley (10 March 1607 – 16 May 1667) who became the 4th Earl of Southampton and married firstly Rachel de Massue, daughter of Daniel de Massue, Seigneur de Ruvigny, by whom he had two daughters,


texts:
 Elizabeth, Viscountess Campden (died 1679) and Rachel, Lady Russell. Portraits
Numerous portraits of Southampton exist, in which he is depicted with dark auburn hair and blue eyes, compatible with Shakespeare's description of "a man right fair." Sir John Beaumont wrote a well-known elegy in his praise, and Gervase Markham wrote of him in a tract entitled Honor in his Perfection, or a Treatise in Commendation of ... <mask>, Earl of Oxenford, <mask>, <mask> of Southampton, Robert, Earl of Essex (1624). In 2002, a portrait in the Cobbe collection was identified as a portrait of the youthful Earl. Portraying him as an androgynous-looking young man, it is now known as the Cobbe portrait of Southampton. In April 2008, another portrait believed to be of Southampton, was discovered hidden in a kind of pentimento beneath a portrait of his wife Elizabeth Vernon, when the work was X-rayed in preparation for an exhibition.In popular culture
The Earl has been played on screen by several different actors:
Peter Egan in the BBC mini-series Elizabeth R, 1971. Nicholas Clay in the TV series Life of Shakespeare, 1978. Eddie Redmayne in the Channel 4 mini-series Elizabeth I, 2005. Shaun Evans in the mini-series The Virgin Queen, 2006. Xavier Samuel in the feature film Anonymous, 2011. Ben Willbond in the feature film Bill (2015 film), 2015
Adam Harley in the sitcom Upstart Crow, 2016. Ian McKellen in the feature film All Is True, 2018.Footnotes

References

Chaney, Edward, '"Thy Pyramids buylt up with newer might...": Shakespeare and the Cultural Memory of Ancient Egypt';

masks: Henry Henry Earle


texts:
 https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/aegyp/article/view/76145

Brown, Charles Cedric, ed. Patronage, Politics, and Literary Traditions in England, 1558–1658. Detroit, Wayne State University Press, 1993. Collins, Arthur. Letters and Memorials of State in the Reigns of Queen Mary, Queen Elizabeth, King James, King Charles the I, Part of the Reign of King Charles II and Oliver's Usurpation Written and Collected by Hen. Sydney, Phil. Sydney and His Brother Rob.Sydney, Rob. IId. <mask>, Phil. Viscount Lisle, and Alg. Sydney ; Together with Letters of the Other Ministers of State, with Whom They Held a Correspondence. London: Printed for T. Osborne, 1746. Wriothesley family Accessed 29 December 2007
Shakespeare, William, and Alexander Chalmers.The Works of William Shakspeare. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1858. (p. clxxiii)  googlebooks Accessed 29 December 2007
 The Rape of Lucrece online Retrieved 29 December 2007
X-rays uncover 'hidden portrait' Tuesday, 29 April 2008 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/7372629.stm
Attribution

External links
Wriothesley's Cat Trixie
 List of Members of Order of the Garter
Letter from the 2nd Earl of Southampton to Mr. William More regarding the birth of his son. (from The Loseley Manuscripts)
Oil portrait of <mask>, Third Earl of Southampton by Michiel Mierevelt at University of Michigan Museum of Art

3
Knights of the Garter
Lord-Lieutenants of Hampshire
People from Midhurst
Wriothesley
People associated with Shakespeare
1573 births
1624 deaths
16th-century English nobility
17th-century English nobility
Alumni of St John's College,

masks:
Earlrter
Henry Wriothesley


texts:
<mask> (born August 30, 1952) is a songwriter, composer, conductor, and music producer. Most of his professional life has been devoted to music, including composing for radio and TV commercials. He became the president of a start-up record label begun by Frank Thomas, who was then the starring player on the Chicago White Sox baseball team. <mask> suffered a massive and debilitating stroke when he was 46 years old. Due to the terribly limiting effects of aphasia, a common but complicated and severe post-stroke condition, he was for a number of years unable to communicate without great difficulty. His fight back to full functioning has been a decade-long challenge that, although largely successful, in many ways still continues. Biography

Early life

<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois.He was third son to father, Herbert, a classical tenor vocalist and choir director who taught elementary school and retired after becoming a vice-principal of the school. <mask>'s mother, Odessa, was a child prodigy who grew to become a concert pianist and choir director. She was accomplished in a variety of music genres, but due to her commitment to God, only performed certain styles of music. <mask>'s early lessons on piano came from his mother, and he grew up absorbing the classical and gospel music of the choirs and vocal ensembles his parents directed. While still of pre-school age, <mask> began composing simple songs and by the time he began primary school had learned to musically notate the songs he composed. At age

masks:
Paul David Wilson
Wilson
Paul David Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson