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<mask> (born 11 February 1932) is a British former politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bolsover from 1970 to 2019. He is a member of the Labour Party. Known for his left-wing views and acerbic wit, he belonged to the Socialist Campaign Group of Labour MPs. He was a member of Labour's National Executive Committee, with brief breaks, for thirty years, and was the chairman of the Committee in 1988–89. He was one of the longest serving members of the House of Commons and the longest continuously-serving Labour MP. He is a lifelong Eurosceptic. Early life and career
Born in Clay Cross, Derbyshire, <mask> is the third of nine children.His father <mask> was a coal miner who was sacked after the 1926 general strike, and his mother Lucy was a cleaner. In June 1942, at the age of 10, <mask> won a scholarship to attend Tupton Hall Grammar School after passing the eleven-plus a year early. In 1949, he went on to work as a coal miner at Parkhouse colliery, working there until its closure in 1962. He then worked at Glapwell colliery near Bolsover. In 1956 <mask> entered the Sheffield Star Walk, an amateur walking race, and finished second. In 1964, at the age of 32, he became the youngest-ever president of the Derbyshire region of the National Union of Mineworkers. After working for 20 years as a miner, he became a member of Derbyshire County Council and a Clay Cross councillor in the 1960s.In 1967, he attended Ruskin College, after completing a course run by the National Union of Mineworkers at the University of Sheffield. Parliamentary career
In 1956, <mask> joined the Labour Party. He was chosen as Parliamentary Prospective candidate for Bolsover on 5 June 1969. <mask> was elected as MP for the-then safe Labour seat of Bolsover at the 1970 general election and retained it until he lost it at the 2019 general

masks:
Dennis Edward Skinner
Skinner
Edward Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner


type: original

texts: election to Mark Fletcher of the Conservative Party. Due to his aggressive rhetoric, <mask> became known as the "Beast of Bolsover". <mask> recalls that he earned the nickname for his behaviour in a tribute debate in the Commons following the death of former Conservative Prime Minister Sir Anthony Eden in 1977: "They were making speeches about the wonder of Anthony Eden, so I got up and talked about miners and people seriously injured and dead in the pits and the £200 given to the widow. There was booing and then all the Tories left and the papers had a go, some serious ones".During his tenure in the Commons, <mask> would usually sit on the first seat of the front bench below the gangway in the Commons (known as the 'Awkward Squad Bench' because it is where rebel Labour Party MPs have traditionally sat) in a tweed jacket (whilst most other MPs wear suits) and signature red tie. In 2016, he stated that he had never sent an email and did not have a Twitter account. <mask> was a strong supporter of the National Union of Mineworkers and their leader Arthur Scargill in the 1984–85 miners' strike. <mask> refused to accept a parliamentary salary in excess of miners' wages, and during the miners' strike he donated his wages to the NUM. <mask> has voted for equalisation of the age of consent, civil partnerships, adoption rights for same-sex couples, to outlaw discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation, and for same-sex couples to marry, and has a strongly pro-choice stance on abortion. On 20 January 1989, he talked out a move to reduce the number of weeks at which an abortion can be legally performed in Britain by moving the writ for the Richmond by-election. On 7 June 1985, he talked out a bill by UUP backbencher Enoch Powell which would have banned stem cell research by moving the writ for the by-election in Brecon and

masks: Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner


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 Radnor.<mask> later described this as his proudest political moment. in 1979, <mask> played a role in publicly exposing Anthony Blunt as a spy for the Soviet Union. On Thursday 15 November 1979, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher revealed Blunt's wartime role in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in reply to questions put to her by Ted Leadbitter, MP for Hartlepool, and <mask>:
Mr. Leadbitter and Mr. <mask>: Asked the Prime Minister if she will make a statement on recent evidence concerning the actions of an individual, whose name has been supplied to her, in relation to the security of the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister: "The name which the hon. Member for Hartlepool (Mr. Leadbitter) has given me is that of Sir Anthony Blunt." In 2000, <mask> denounced former ally Ken Livingstone, then serving as a Labour MP. Livingstone had failed to win the party's nomination to be a candidate for Mayor of London, and had then decided to run as an independent candidate instead, urging his supporters to help Green Party candidates get elected.<mask> said that Livingstone had betrayed Labour Party activists in his Brent East constituency, whom he described as having fought for him "like tigers" when his majority had been small: "He tells them he's going to be the Labour candidate, then he lies to them. To me that's as low as you can get". He contrasted Livingstone with the official Labour candidate, Frank Dobson, saying that Dobson was "a bloke and a half... not a prima donna ... not someone with an ego as big as a house". <mask> said Livingstone would "hit the headlines, but you'll never be able to trust him because he's broken his pledge and his loyalty to his party. The personality cult of the ego does not work down a coal mine and it does not work in the Labour Party". Conversely, despite his renowned left-wing views,

masks: Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner


texts: <mask> for a long time had a positive relationship with Prime Minister Tony Blair, a leading figure on the right-wing of the party, stemming from advice that <mask> gave Blair regarding public speaking. As recently as February 2018, he described the Blair and Brown ministries as a "golden period" for the NHS.However, <mask> strongly criticised Blair in May 2019, after the former Prime Minister had advised pro-Remain Labour supporters who felt that the party's line on Brexit was too ambiguous to vote for explicitly pro-Remain parties in the 2019 European Parliament election; in the Morning Star, <mask> described Blair as a "destructive force" who was "try(ing) to destroy the Labour Party so people keep talking about his reign" and stating that he "went into Iraq and destroyed himself. He helped David Cameron and Theresa May into power. You're talking about a man who made a mess of it." In 2003, <mask> was among the quarter of Labour MPs who voted against the Iraq War; he later rebelled against the party line when he voted against government policy to allow terror suspects to be detained without trial for up to 90 days. In 2007, <mask> and 88 other Labour MPs voted against the Labour Government's policy of renewing the Trident Nuclear Missile System. <mask> supported David Miliband in the 2010 Labour leadership election, which was won by his brother Ed Miliband. In March 2011, he was one of 15 MPs who voted against British participation in NATO's Libya intervention.<mask> was one of 36 Labour MPs to nominate Jeremy Corbyn as a candidate in the Labour leadership election of 2015. Shortly after Corbyn was elected as leader, <mask> was elected to Labour's National Executive Committee, on which he remained until October 2016. <mask> supported Corbyn, alongside the majority of Labour MPs, in voting against the extension of RAF

masks: Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner


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 airstrikes against ISIS in Syria in December 2015. <mask> voted for Britain to leave the European Union in June 2016 and favours outright abolition of the House of Lords. Following the retirement of Peter Tapsell in 2015, <mask> was one of the four longest-serving MPs, but did not become Father of the House, as two other MPs, who were also first elected in 1970, had been sworn in earlier on the same day and consecutively both held that position: Gerald Kaufman (2015–2017) and Kenneth Clarke (2017–2019). <mask>, the oldest sitting MP since 2017, stated that in any case he would not accept the honorific title. In 2019, with Clarke's impending retirement, the issue of <mask> becoming Father of the House resurfaced but was rendered moot, when <mask> lost his seat at the 2019 general election.Suspensions
<mask> was suspended from Parliament on at least ten occasions, usually for unparliamentary language when attacking opponents. Notable infractions included:
 In 1981, accusing speaker of the House of Commons George Thomas of attending functions to raise funds for the Conservative Party. Twice in 1984, once for calling David Owen a "pompous sod" (and only agreeing to withdraw "pompous"), and the second time for stating Margaret Thatcher would "bribe judges". In 1992, referring to the Minister of Agriculture John Gummer as "a little squirt of a Minister" and "a slimy wart on Margaret Thatcher's nose". In 1995, accusing the Major government of a "crooked deal" to sell off Britain's coal mines. In 2005, when referring to the economic record of the Conservatives in the 1980s, making the remark, "The only thing that was growing then were the lines of coke in front of 'Boy George' and the rest of the Tories", a reference to allegations originally published in the Sunday Mirror of cocaine use by the newly appointed Shadow Chancellor,


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 George Osborne (though, in the Commons, <mask> referred to the News of the World). In 2006, accusing Deputy Speaker Alan Haselhurst of leniency towards remarks made by opposition frontbencher and future Prime Minister Theresa May "because she's a Tory".In 2016, for referring to Prime Minister David Cameron as "dodgy Dave" in relation to Cameron's tax affairs. Queen's Speech quips
Known for his republican sentiments, <mask> regularly heckled during the annual Queen's Speech ceremony. He did this upon the arrival of Black Rod (the symbol of royal authority in the House of Lords) to summon MPs to hear the Queen's speech in the Lords' chamber. The best known, according to the New Statesman and other sources, are listed as follows:

Popular culture

Nature of the Beast documentary

A documentary about <mask> sanctioned by him, Nature of the Beast, was completed in 2017 by production company Shut Out The Light. The documentary traces <mask>'s rise to political icon status and covers his working-class upbringing, his family influences and his hobbies away from "The Palace of Varieties". <mask>'s four surviving brothers and several of his Bolsover constituents were interviewed for the documentary. Stage play
Derby Theatre commissioned Kevin Fegan to write a play inspired by <mask>, entitled The Palace of Varieties – life and times of <mask>, to be performed at Derby Theatre in early 2022.After parliament
In 2020, <mask> endorsed Richard Burgon for Deputy Leader of the Labour Party. On 6 May 2020, he was named honorary president of the Socialist Campaign Group. In September 2020 Robb Johnson's song about <mask>, <mask>'s Lad, topped the Amazon download chart. Personal life
In 1960, <mask> married Mary Parker. The couple have three children, all of whom attended his old school and graduated from the University of Manchester. He

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Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Dennis Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Tony Skinner
Skinner


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 and his wife separated in 1989. His current partner is former researcher Lois Blasenheim.In 1999 <mask> was diagnosed with advanced bladder cancer and subsequently had surgery to remove a malignant tumour. In 2003 he underwent a double heart bypass operation. He underwent hip surgery in 2019. He was too ill to campaign in the 2019 General Election after he was hospitalised with a dangerous infection following the hip operation. He was not present at the count when he lost his seat. <mask>'s mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease prior to her death in the 1980s. <mask> sang to his late mother when she was diagnosed with the disease and was inspired by her ability to recall old songs.Since 2008 he has visited care homes in Derbyshire to sing to elderly patients with dementia. <mask> is a supporter of Derby County Football Club and Derbyshire County Cricket Club. References

External links

 Biography at Stuart Thomson
 Contact details at This Is Derbyshire
  on the
 This much I know, <mask> runs down some matters of importance to him, hosted by The Guardian

Articles
 Giving George Osborne a line of wit in December 2005
 Junction 29A in December 2004
 Heart bypass in March 2003

1932 births
Living people
Alumni of Ruskin College
British Eurosceptics
Chairs of the Labour Party (UK)
Councillors in Derbyshire
European democratic socialists
English miners
English republicans
English trade unionists
Labour Party (UK) councillors
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Derbyshire
National Union of Mineworkers-sponsored MPs
People educated at Tupton Hall School
People from Clay Cross
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs

masks: Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner Skinner


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<mask> (1762 – 1815) was an Italian surgeon. The Monteggia fracture is named after him. Biography
He began training as a surgeon at age seventeen in Milan. He got his doctorate of medicine in 1789 at University of Pavia. In the same year, his first book, Fasciculi Pathologici, was published. From 1790 he practiced as a surgical assistant, prosector, and prison doctor. In 1795 he was appointed professor of anatomy and surgery, holding a chair of Istituzioni Chirurgiche at University of Pavia.He contracted syphilis after cutting himself during an autopsy. Monteggia was second to describe the Monteggia fracture, a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with the dislocation of the head of radius. Monteggia was first to describe Peroneal Tendon Subluxation, when he diagnosed this injury in a ballet dancer in 1803. It is when you have subluxation/dislocation of the peroneal tendons about the lateral malleolus. Early life

<mask> <mask> was born in Laveno, near the Lago Maggiore (northern Italy) on the 8th of August, 1762. His parents were Gian <mask> and Marianna Vegezzi. Two brothers of his are known, one became a priest and the second a doctor.His father was occupied in the construction of infrastructures (mainly roads and aqueducts) and it was him who introduced <mask>, coming from a high school in Pallanza, to the field of medicine: <mask> was admitted to the surgical school of the Ospedale Maggiore in Milan in 1779.His training was carried out on the background of the ideological and political conflicts of his time, between the revolutionary and the Napoleonic epoques. The figure of the surgeon-doctor identifies Monteggia. Career

Monteggia started his

masks:
Giovanni Battista Monteggia
Giovanni Battista
Monteggia
Antonio Monteggia
Giovanni Battista
Giovanni


texts: studies in the anatomical field of medicine but was also interested in a wider biology: he practiced as a botanist and as a chemist under the supervision of Antonio Porati. On the 11th of June, 1781, Monteggia did the exam of “libera pratica di chirurgia” in the University of Pavia, where afterwards was to degree in medicine. His surgical studies would determine a vision of medicine as mostly clinical. His first medical publication was written in latin and published in 1789 in Milan, at the typography of Giuseppe Marelli, named “Fasciculi Pathologici”. This booklet is dedicated to Carlo Maria Taverna, priest of San Nazaro and member of the cabinet instituted by Giuseppe II in 1784 which had in charge the administration of ecclesiastic places.This text is a typical example of the anatomic-pathological culture derived by the teachings of <mask> Morgagni. Examination on the corpse and in particular of its wounds, follows the clinical observation. This booklet begins with a nosological classification of pathologies in symmetrical and asymmetrical. Secondly, the author proposes a classical theme of italian anatomical research: the injuries of the head, with some first observations on the constitution and the function of the brain. There is also a traditional description of different cases of abscess. Monteggia, together with this publication, donated to the Cabinet of Anatomy of the University of Pavia, his most interesting anatomical pieces. For this action he was thanked with a letter on the 18th of December, 1793, by Johann Peter Frank.Also the Regal Magistrate thanked him with a dispatch that testifies the relationship with the principal scientific and


texts: medical lombard institution. In the 1790, Monteggia became surgeon-helper and afterwards anatomical engraver at the Ospedale Maggiore (Milan). Thanks to the support of Taverna, he managed to have a slab. Likely this was not a personal initiative: in 1791 the medical director Bartolomeo de Battisti reestablished the teaching of anatomy, in the optic of reconstituting medical schools. The same year, on the 4th of December, with a decree of the Court, Monteggia was nominated first surgeon of the Reign’s prisons. On the 20th of January, 1792, the Hospital Congregation gave Monteggia the assignment of giving free lectures  of surgery to young surgeons. During the same year Monteggia published the annotated translation of the "compendium on venereal illnesses" by the German author Johann Friedrich Fritze (original edition: Berlin 1790) in the printing house of Giuseppe Martelli.Later his own practical annotations on venereal diseases were published in 1794 at Giuseppe Galeazzi print shop. Dedicated to Moscati, the book displays a series of cases deriving from Monteggia’s direct clinical experience, being in contact with prostitutes and prisoners, and shows monteggia’s sensibility on the topic of ‘medical police’. The patients taken into account are mainly male. In this work Monteggia shows his interest and support towards the Brown system. He was later on blamed for this weak spot and his ideology and position faded away. John Brown (1735-1788) believed that the organism, subject to continuous stimuli from the environment, was based on an equilibrium between being excited and excitability. In his opinion most of the diseases required a treatment based on strong


texts: external stimuli.Monteggia, strongly supporting Browns ideology, believed that venereal diseases could be cured by abstaining from intercourse: as a matter of fact in the Annotations Monteggia suggested to cure patients with a medical used plant known for its stimulating effects: the ‘salsapariglia’. It was soon discovered that this system was not only useless in the aim of curing the disease, but it often caused a worsening of the patient’s conditions bringing to intensive care that, provoking interferences with the nervous system, caused death. The advent of the Cisalpine Republic and of the Republic and Reign of Italy was a turning point in Monteggia’s life as he reached the peak of a short but fortunate carrier. He fulfilled several public positions, both of institution (he established special schools within different hospitals) and of public and military intervention (in 1808 he was called to examine the aspiring surgeons of the army). His tie with the elite of the French era has its testimony in the fortunate treatment of a great patient: Francesco Melzi d’Eril. The latter in 1795 appointed Monteggia to an annuity and remained in contact with him all his life. On the 12th of September 1795 Monteggia was appointed professor of the institution of surgery at the Maggiore hospital, yet the actual teaching began only one year later.In 1798 he was nominated as the official doctor-surgeon of the of the security guard of the legislative assembly. During the same year his position as a teacher in the Maggiore hospital was confirmed and one year later he became obstetric surgeon at the Pia casa delle partorienti di S. Caterina alla Ruota. On April the second


texts: 1799, following an administrative order Monteggia became healthcare official  for the prisons of the permanent army Council of the French army in Italy. He also was appointed for the inoculation of the smallpox vaccine. Nominated primary surgeon of the Maggiore hospital, he came back to ‘his’ hospital, where on the 30th of January 1800 he started lectures of surgery. In 1796 <mask> had published the translation from German of the Obstetric Art of Georg Wilhelm Stein, yet leaving it without any commentary as he was very busy. He also started a collection of obstetric cases, but such a masterpiece is a textbook for surgeons composed to accompany the lectures at the hospital.The work obtained numerous reprints in Milan, Naples and Pavia. The first edition, in five volumes, was published in Milan at Pirotta e Maspero, between 1802 and 1805. The second edition, in eight volumes, was revisited by Monteggia between 1803 and 1806 and published at Maspero and Boucher. The book was praised by various critics and reviewers. In particular Antonio Scarpa who hoped to see <mask> teaching clinical surgery at Pavia after him (letter of the 24th of February 1805). <mask> had also prepared a translation of his work into Latin in order to make it accessible to an international audience. The institutions, born as a text for the use of students, propose broader ambitions in the second edition.In addition to the theories of John Brown, Monteggia takes up, with many reservations, the doctrine of the 'controstimolo' by <mask>i, of which he attempts an application in the surgical field, although, as we read in the Preface to the second edition of the work, he is not fully

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Monteggia
Monteggia
Monteggia
Giovanni Rasor


texts: convinced. His main source of inspiration is the work of the Scottish surgeon John Hunter, but he knows and uses contemporary scientific literature, and in particular periodical publications. In fact, it proves to be a clinician attentive to practice the systemization, with a specific sensitivity to pharmacology. In addition to the usual surgical arguments, he is among the first to accurately describe polio from a clinical point of view. But his focus is particularly on orthopaedics. In particular, it provides valuable descriptive contributions to the pathology of the locomotor apparatus especially for the part concerning traumatology. Before others, he studies and describes the vices of gait (lameness) that he calls "dilombamento o sfiancamento".It makes the technique of dressing wounds and sores easier and perfects the devices in use to treat fractures and sprains. He divides dislocations into perfect and imperfect (subluxations). He ties his name to the eponymous fracture and hip mooning. The first with a description of the fracture of the ulna's 1st of the fin associated with the anterior dislocation of the radio capital. The second is due to the dislocation of the head of the femur near the anterior-upper illiac spine. Monteggia is always intent on learning from corpses the weaving of the body and to reveal from the bowels the hidden secrets of diseases. He always writes down observations of clinical signs at the bedside of patients; in reading his memoirs there are also faithfully recorded the wrong care and, even the diagnostic errors that happened to him in the long exercise of the profession, in which, who is most worth it, the less mistakes he


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 makes; as Hippocrates himself claimed.Monteggia died before completing his work, of which he had designed a ninth volume dedicated among other things to electricity, vaccination, and a systematic treatment of the surgical pharmacopoeia. In 1813 he became a member of the reborn Institute of Sciences, Letterature and Arts in Milan. He was himself a contributor to the Journal of the most recent medical literature in Europe and to the New Journal of Medicine and Surgery in Milan. He collected a rich library. Late life

Monteggia is working on the latest edition of the "Surgical Institutions" when it is struck by night fevers that, however, do not distract him from his work and from the care of the sick; he is suffering from erysipelas that spreads from his right ear to the whole face and, despite the care of his colleagues, dies on the night of January 17, 1815 and he finds burial at the cemetery of Porta Romana; his remains, already unearthed, are exhumed again at the demolition of the cemetery and renowned at the Monumental Cemetery of Milan on April 27, 1875. A monument was erected in the atrium of the Maggiore hospital, now lost, which inspired, among other things, a sonnet to Carlo Porta. A bust of Canovian style was saved, due to the sculptor Camillo Pacetti.The Policlinic of Milan, as a gesture of solemn respect towards Monteggia, dedicated to him the Pavilion of Surgery in 1929. Bibliography
 E. Acerbi, Della vita e degli studii di G. B. Monteggia, Milano 1816;
 L. Agrifoglio, La etiopatogenesi delle malattie celtiche in alcune note di G.B. <mask>, in Castalia, XII (1954)
 G. Cosmacini, Biografia della Ca’ Granda. Uomini e idee dell’Ospedale


texts:
 Maggiore di Milano, Roma-Bari 2001;
 E. De Tipaldo, Biografia degli Italiani illustri, V, Venezia 1837;
 G. Frank, Memorie, a cura di G. Galli, I, Milano 2006
 F. Fusi, Biografia di Giovanni Battista Monteggia, in Rivista di Ortopedia e traumatologia, XXIV (1956),
 La Ca’ Granda: cinque secoli di storia e d’arte dell’Ospedale Maggiore di Milano (catal. ), Milano 1981;
 P. Sangiorgio, Cenni storici sulle due università di Pavia e di Milano e notizie intorno ai più celebri medici, Milano 1831,
 A. Scarpa, Epistolario (1772-1832), a cura di G. Sala, Pavia 1938;

References

1762 births
1815 deaths
Italian surgeons
18th-century surgeons
18th-century Italian physicians
19th-century surgeons
19th-century Italian physicians
University of Pavia alumni
University of Pavia faculty
People from the Province of Varese
Burials at the Cimitero Monumentale di


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Jeordie Osbourne White (born June 20, 1971), once known professionally as <mask>, shortened to just <mask>. He left Marilyn Manson in 2002, later rejoined the band in 2008, and was dismissed in 2017. He has been a principal songwriter for the band and has also contributed to some of the Desert Sessions recordings. He also hosts the Hour of Goon podcast with fellow musician Fred Sablan, on the Feral Audio network. Early life
Born in Pompton Lakes, New Jersey, he moved to Florida during his childhood. He has an older brother, James.He did not know his father for most of his life but united with him in 2008 (which was mentioned in the Love Line radio interview in 2008). Influenced by the likes of Mötley Crüe, Van Halen and Iron Maiden, he first picked up a guitar at age thirteen. Although a New Jersey native, he spent the better portion of his youth in the Fort Lauderdale area, where he quickly embraced South Florida's growing music scene and, by age 15, had joined his first band, The Ethiopians. Musical career
Early in his career, White was in a speed metal cover band called The Ethiopians covering songs such as Metallica's "Trapped Under Ice". Between 1989 and 1993, White played rhythm guitar and provided backing vocals for Amboog-a-Lard. (1993–2002; 2008–2017) Marilyn Manson
White met Brian Warner on numerous occasions in the late 1980s. After an unexpected meeting at a used records store in the Coral Springs Mall where White was working, the two realized they had much in common, but had yet to work on a musical endeavor.White actively attempted to join

masks:
Tgy Ramirez
Twiggyon Moon


texts: Manson's band while playing in another project. He became an honorary spooky kid, and went by the groupie name Gordy White. In March 1993, White took part in Manson's side project Mrs. Scabtree and shared vocal duties with then girlfriend Jessicka. Jeordie did not join Marilyn Manson and the Spooky Kids until Gidget Gein was ejected from the band by the manager in December 1993. White was given the Manson band member name Twiggy <mask>, which was derived by taking the first name from English supermodel Twiggy and the surname from American serial killer <mask>. White never played bass until Manson bought him his first instrument right after he joined Manson's band. In 1998, White made a cameo in Monster Magnet's music video for "Space Lord".In 2001, White appeared on an MTV Cribs episode: the "Ozzfest Edition". As a result of many lineup changes (specifically guitarists), White was largely responsible for most of the songwriting on the albums Antichrist Superstar, Mechanical Animals and Holy Wood; for the latter album, he shared credits with John 5. In 2007, White said that he is proud of the work that he did in the band. On January 9, 2008 Marilyn Manson posted a bulletin on MySpace confirming that Tim Skold was leaving Marilyn Manson and that White had rejoined the band in his place. He toured with Manson as the band's new guitarist in support of their seventh studio album. However, he stayed with Goon Moon after the touring of The High End of Low finished. White also mentioned in an interview that he would keep working with Manson for their next album, Born

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Ramirez
Richard Ramirez


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 Villain, which was released on May 1, 2012.While he didn't participate in the writing or recording of Marilyn Manson's 2015 album, The Pale Emperor, he continued to tour with the band. Manson confirmed on Reddit that he intends on collaborating with White for the follow-up to The Pale Emperor. Despite this, the band's latest album, Heaven Upside Down, features no contributions from White. On October 24, 2017 Marilyn Manson posted on Facebook that the band parted ways with White following allegations of sexual misconduct made against him, and announced that there will be a replacement for the upcoming tour. (2003–present) Other projects

After departing Marilyn Manson, White played two live shows with California punk metal band Mondo Generator, and auditioned for the role of second guitar in Queens of the Stone Age, which he lost to Troy Van Leeuwen of A Perfect Circle. He also auditioned for a spot as bass player (after Jason Newsted's departure) in Metallica, but lost out to former Suicidal Tendencies/Ozzy Osbourne bassist Robert Trujillo, which is documented briefly in their film, Metallica: Some Kind of Monster. Several months later, White replaced Paz Lenchantin in A Perfect Circle, the project of Tool frontman Maynard James Keenan and former Tool guitar tech Billy Howerdel as a full member of the band on bass guitar.White later joined Queens of the Stone Age frontman Josh Homme on the ninth and tenth volumes of Homme's music project The Desert Sessions. He contributed to Melissa Auf der Maur's solo debut and second solo album Out of Our Minds. He toured


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 with Nine Inch Nails in support of their album With Teeth, from 2005–06 and then again in 2007 for Year Zero. White has composed for a range of artists from fictional band Steel Dragon to Bif Naked to his namesake, model <mask> Lawson with whom he recorded and produced a duet of Dusty Springfield's "I Only Want To Be With You" for the soundtrack of the MTV film Dead Man on Campus. In 2005, White worked with Goon Moon and with them released the EP I Got a Brand New Egg Layin' Machine, recorded at Rancho De La Luna, Prescription and Regime Studios. The band released their first full-length album "Licker's Last Leg" in May 2007. White appeared on the UNKLE album War Stories playing bass and synths on the track "Burn My Shadow".
'White was invited to return to play with A Perfect Circle for their Fall and Winter 2010 Tour in North America, but ultimately did not participate in the reunion and was permanently replaced by Matt McJunkins. Personal life
White cites Oasis, The Who, The Kinks and the Bee Gees as his influences and as his favorite bands. White has a Don't Believe the Truth tattoo as a tribute to Oasis on his left arm. Due to his friendship with Oasis producer Dave Sardy, White got to play bass on a new version of Oasis' "Cast No Shadow" that was submitted to the soundtrack for the 2005 movie Goal!, and contributed remixes of "I'm Outta Time" and "Falling Down" that the band used as b-sides. It has been emphasized by White personally that if there was one single piece of information the public should know about him it would be that he smells like baby


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 powder. White has been married to model and makeup artist Laney Chantal since July 26, 2014. Dee Snider who officiated their wedding stated during another wedding that the couple are now divorced.Rape accusation
On October 21, 2017, White's ex-girlfriend Jessicka Addams, lead singer of the band Jack Off Jill, published a Facebook post accusing White of rape, as well as physical and emotional abuse throughout their five year relationship, from 1992 to 1997. White issued a statement following the allegations: "I have only recently been made aware of these allegations from over 20 years ago. I do not condone non-consensual sex of any kind. I will be taking some time to spend with my family and focus on maintaining my several years of sobriety. If I have caused anyone pain I apologize and truly regret it." Preferred equipment

While in Marilyn Manson, White used the following bass guitars, among many things, showing a strong preference for Gibson instruments, and bass guitars used by his classic rock mentors:

White owns multiple Gibson Thunderbird bass guitars. During the Guns, God, and Government tour, he toured with 5 Thunderbird bass guitars, most often seen with the pickguard removed, or a matching black pickguard on a black Thunderbird.Each bass guitar had different tunings (Standard, Drop D, etc.) and was used for different songs. 1992 Gibson Thunderbird IV Reverse (seen in the "Disposable Teens" video; used extensively in live performances from 1998–2002, and again for live use since his reunion with Manson in 2008. 1974 Gibson Ripper L9-S Bass (vintage,


texts:
 as seen in "The Dope Show" video)
1977 Gibson RD Artist Bass (vintage, as seen in the "Dope Hat" and "Coma White" videos). This bass guitar was sold to a fan through a mutual friend of White and Manson in 2005 via eBay. BC Rich Warlock Bass w/ Widow headstock (seen in the "Rock is Dead" video). 1980s USA BC Rich Warlock bass (4 on a side headstock) Used in live performances from 1998–1999, notably during the first live performance of "The Dope Show" on the 1998 MTV Video Music Awards.White donated this bass guitar to the Hard Rock Cafe in Ottawa, Canada, where it is among their most popular pieces of memorabilia on display. Gibson Les Paul bass. Used live and in the studio. Makes many appearances in early videos (Lunchbox, Get Your Gunn) and saw live use from 1994–1997. During his parting of ways with Manson from 2002–2008, he took up the following models as his preferred instruments:

Fender Precision Deluxe Bass (live, on tour with A Perfect Circle 2003–2004)
Spector NS-2 Bass (live, on tour with A Perfect Circle 2003–2004)
Steinberger Spirit Bass (live, on tour with A Perfect Circle 2003–2004)
Fender Precision Bass (live, on tour with Nine Inch Nails)
Music Man StingRay 4 Bass (live, on tour with Nine Inch Nails)

In addition to the aforementioned bass guitars, White has used numerous other brands and models of electric and acoustic guitar in writing and recording for each band he has been involved with, and he plays following guitars in live performances. Gibson Flying V (With Marilyn Manson)
Gibson SG (With Goon Moon)
Gibson ES-335 or Gibson Lucille


texts:
 (With Goon Moon, Nine Inch Nails and Marilyn Manson)
Gibson Les Paul (With Nine Inch Nails)
Gibson Explorer (With Marilyn Manson)
Fender Telecaster (With both Marilyn Manson and Nine Inch Nails)
Mosrite US65-BK (With Marilyn Manson 2009)
Eastwood Guitars Sidejack Baritone (With Marilyn Manson 2009) during "We're From America"

Filmography
 1996: Dead to the World
 1997: Lost Highway
 1999: Coma White
 1999: God Is in the TV
 2002: Guns, God and Government
 2004: Metallica: Some Kind of Monster
 2005: Backstage Pass 3: Uncensored! 2007: Beside You in Time
 2009: Night of Pan
 2012: Slo-Mo-Tion
 2013: Jeff Hilliard: Good Life
2015: Massacre
2015: Frankenstein
2016: Blood Bath

Discography
Amboog-A-Lard
 1993: A New Hope

Marilyn Manson
 1995: Smells Like Children
 1996: Antichrist Superstar
 1998: Mechanical Animals
 1999: The Last Tour on Earth
 2000: Holy Wood (In the Shadow of the Valley of Death)
 2009: The High End of Low
 2012: Born Villain

Dave Navarro
 2001: Trust No One (Bass on "Everything")

The Desert Sessions
 2003: Volumes 9 & 10

A Perfect Circle
 2003: Thirteenth Step
 2004: eMOTIVe
 2004: aMOTION

Nine Inch Nails
 2007: Beside You in Time

Goon Moon
 2005: I Got a Brand New Egg Layin' Machine
 2007: Licker's Last Leg

Soundtrack work
 1998: Dead Man on Campus Soundtrack ("I Only Want to Be With You" with Twiggy)
 2005: Goal!Soundtrack ("Cast No Shadow (UNKLE Beachhead Mix)" Oasis)
 2001: Rock Star Soundtrack ("Blood Pollution" for the band Steel Dragon)

UNKLE
 2007: Burn My Shadow
 2017: The Road: Part 1
 2019: The Road: Part II (Lost


texts:
 Highway)

Oasis
 2008: I'm Outta Time (Remix)
 2009: Falling Down (It's the Gibb Mix by Twiggy and Sardy)

Cinema Bizarre
 2009: Lovesongs (Remix)

Sons of Anarchy
2013: You Are My Sunshine (Jamey Johnson Shooter Jennings)

References

External links
 Official website

1971 births
Living people
American rock bass guitarists
American heavy metal musicians
American heavy metal bass guitarists
American male bass guitarists
American industrial musicians
Goon Moon members
Marilyn Manson (band) members
Guitarists from New Jersey
Nine Inch Nails members
People from Pompton Lakes, New Jersey
A Perfect Circle members
J. P. Taravella High School alumni
Musicians from Coral Springs, Florida
Alternative metal bass guitarists
Guitarists from Florida
21st-century American bass guitarists
Industrial metal


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<mask> (born 25 February 1986) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a forward. The first baby in Portugal to be born through in vitro fertilisation treatment (IVF), he began his career at Sporting CP. He played for Sporting B in the 2003–04 season, and won caps at every level of Portuguese international football from under-17 to under-23. He helped his country to win the UEFA European Under-17 Championship in 2003 and the International Challenge Trophy in 2009–11. He was loaned out to Olivais e Moscavide from 2005 to 2007, and helped the club to win promotion out of the Segunda Divisão in 2005–06. He spent the 2007–08 season on loan at Fátima, and was loaned out to Primeira Liga clubs Vitória Setúbal and Académica in the 2008–09 campaign. He made his first team debut for Sporting CP in August 2009, and went on to make 67 first team appearances in two seasons before he moved to Swiss Super League side Servette in July 2011.He signed with Académica in June 2012, and then after a year out of the game joined Oriental in July 2014. He signed with English club Port Vale in July 2016, but left after just six weeks. Club career

Sporting CP
Carlos Miguel Mondim <mask> was born in Lisbon on 25 February 1986, and was the first baby in Portugal to be born through in vitro fertilisation treatment (IVF). He spent his youth at Sporting CP's youth academy, and spent the 2003–04 season with Sporting B, scoring three goals in 35 Segunda Divisão – Zona Sul (third tier) matches as they were relegated into the Terceira Divisão (fourth tier). He spent the latter half of the 2005–06 campaign on loan at Olivais e Moscavide in Segunda Divisão Série D, and though injuries limited him to just two league appearances, he managed to feature in the play-offs as the club secured promotion into the Liga de Honra (second tier). He returned to the club for the 2006–07 campaign, and scored four goals in 26 games as they were relegated in 15th place. He returned to the Liga de

masks:
Carlos Miguel Mondim Saleiro
Saleiro


texts: Honra for the 2007–08 campaign on loan at newly promoted Fátima, who were coached by Rui Vitória.He scored 11 goals in 32 league and cup appearances despite Fátima sufferering relegation in last place. Despite their league form, Fátima did manage to pull off one of the biggest shock victories of their history by eliminating Porto out of the Taça da Liga on penalties. He was later voted as the second best player of the tournament, behind Cláudio Pitbull, having scored against Santa Clara, converted in the shoot-out against Porto, and scored in the club's fourth round defeat to his parent club Sporting CP. He signed a new four-year contract with Sporting CP in April 2008. He stated that he aimed to win a first team place and was "tired of loans". He was given Primeira Liga (first tier) experience for the 2008–09 season after securing a loan move to Vitória de Setúbal. However, he featured just five times in the league under coach Daúto Faquirá, leading Saleiro to complain to the press about his lack of first team opportunities.He spent the second half of the campaign on loan at Académica, and finished the season as the club's joint-second highest scorer (tied with Modou Sougou) with four goals in 13 games to help the club secure a seventh-place finish in the Primeira Liga. <mask> made his first team debut for the "Lions" under Paulo Bento on 26 August 2009, playing 30 minutes in a 1–1 draw with Fiorentina at the Stadio Artemio Franchi for the last qualifying round of the UEFA Champions League. Four days later he made his league debut for the club, in a 1–0 win at former side Académica. He made a total of 28 appearances in the 2009–10 season, scoring five goals, mostly under the stewardship of new head coach <mask>. He made 39 appearances in the 2010–11 season, scoring two goals, as Sporting CP finished in third place, some distance behind 'Big Three' rivals Porto and Benfica. However, much to his frustration, he was frequently used a late substitute by coach Paulo

masks:
Saleiro
Carlos Carvalhal


texts:
 Sérgio and so had limited game time at the Estádio José Alvalade. He chose to leave Sporting CP a year before the end of his contract to search for first team football elsewhere, despite reports that new head coach Domingos Paciência's rated him highly.Servette to Oriental
Saleiro signed a two-year contract with Servette in July 2011, who were managed by Portuguese head coach João Alves and director of football Costinha. He hoped the move would allow him a chance to win himself a place in the Portugal squad for UEFA Euro 2012. However, he struggled with injuries and played only seven Swiss Super League matches in the 2011–12 season. He signed with Pedro Emanuel's Académica in June 2012. He missed pre-season with an Achilles tendon injury however, and after returning to fitness in November featured in just seven Primeira Liga and five cup games. He was without a club for the 2013–14 season. He signed with Segunda Liga club Clube Oriental de Lisboa in July 2014.He finished the 2014–15 season with five goals in 20 appearances and signed a one-year contract extension in June 2015. The 2015–16 season proved to be disastrous however, as Oriental were relegated and serious but unproven allegations were made of match fixing against some of the players – though <mask> himself was not implicated. Port Vale
Saleiro signed a two-year contract with English League One club Port Vale, managed by Portuguese coach Bruno Ribeiro, in July 2016. He made his debut for the "Valiants" on 9 August, coming on as a 73rd-minute substitute for Chris Mbamba in a 2–1 defeat to Carlisle United in the EFL Cup. However his contract was terminated by mutual consent on 16 August 2016, with a club statement revealing that he "found it difficult to adjust to life in the country". International career
<mask> represented Portugal at the 2003 UEFA European Under-17 Championship. He scored against England in the semi-finals, a 2–2 draw at the Estádio do Fontelo; he went on convert his penalty in the

masks: Saleiro Saleiro


texts:
 shoot-out to help Portugal progress into the final.He also played in the final, where two goals from Márcio Sousa gave Portugal a 2–1 win over Spain to win his country a fifth UEFA European Under-17 Championship title. He also travelled to Finland for the 2003 FIFA U-17 World Championship, where Spain exacted their revenge by eliminating Portugal at the quarter-final stage. In total he scored seven goals in 18 under-17 games, and then won two caps at under-18 level in 2004. The following year he scored one goal in eight appearances for the under-19 team. He travelled with the Portugal under-20 squad for the 2007 Toulon Tournament, and featured in three games. He was called up to the Portugal under-21 team and appeared in qualification games for the 2009 UEFA European Under-21 Championship, scoring in a 2–0 win over Bulgaria at the Estádio D. Afonso Henriques on 26 March 2008. He was called up to the Portugal under-23 squad for the 2009–11 International Challenge Trophy, and played in the final where Portugal defeated England 1–0 at Sixfields Stadium.Club statistics

Honours
Olivais e Moscavide
Segunda Divisão: 2005–06

Portugal U17
UEFA European Under-17 Championship: 2003

Portugal U23
International Challenge Trophy: 2009–11

References

1986 births
Living people
In vitro fertilisation
Footballers from Lisbon
Portuguese footballers
Portugal youth international footballers
Portugal under-21 international footballers
Association football forwards
Sporting CP B players
Sporting CP footballers
C.D. Olivais e Moscavide players
C.D. Fátima players
Vitória F.C. players
Associação Académica de Coimbra – O.A.F. players
Clube Oriental de Lisboa players
Portuguese expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Switzerland
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Servette FC players
Expatriate footballers in England
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in England
Port Vale F.C. players
Segunda Divisão players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Primeira Liga players
Swiss Super


texts:
<mask> (December 8, 1839 – December 28, 1906) was the seventh president of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR), serving from June 9, 1899, to December 28, 1906. The painter <mask> was his sister. Family and early life
<mask> was born on December 8, 1839, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the eldest of seven children born to Robert Simpson Cassat (later <mask>), and his wife <mask>, the former Katherine Kelso Johnston. The elder <mask> was a successful stockbroker and land speculator. He was descended from the French Huguenot Jacques Cossart, who came to New Amsterdam in 1662. <mask>'s younger sister was the impressionist painter <mask>. His mother Katherine came from a banking family.She was educated and very well read. It was said that of the seven children <mask> most resembled his mother in "appearance and temperament." In 1856 he entered Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute to study Civil Engineering where his senior thesis was entitled "Review of Pressure Turbine." After graduating in the summer of 1859, <mask> took <mask> to see a former neighbor from Lancaster Pennsylvania, James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States. By the fall of 1860, <mask> had secured a position as a surveyor or rodman by the Georgia Railroad. By the time the State of Georgia voted to secede from the Union in January 1861, <mask> had abandoned his work as surveyor on the Dalton-Knoxville line of the Georgia Railroad and returned to Pennsylvania without seeing any military service during the Civil War. Career

Pennsylvania Railroad
Frequently referred to as A. J. <mask>, the great accomplishment under his stewardship was the planning and construction of tunnels under the Hudson River to finally bring PRR's trunk line into New York City.His purchase of a controlling interest in the Long Island Rail Road and the construction of tunnels under the East River created a PRR commuter network on Long Island. Unfortunately, <mask> died before his grand Pennsylvania Station in New York City was

masks:
Alexander Johnston Cassatt
Mary Cassatt
Alexander Cassatt
Cassatt
Katherine Cassatt
Cassatt
Alexander
Mary Cassatt
Alexander
Robert Cassatt
Alexander
Alexander
Cassatt
Cassatt
Cassatt


texts:
 completed. <mask> joined the PRR in 1861 as an engineer and rapidly rose through the ranks. He was a vice president in 1877 when the Pittsburgh Railway Riots broke out in 1877, and had become Pennsy First Vice-President by 1880. He was disappointed to be passed over for the presidency and resigned from the company in 1882. During his absence he devoted his time to horse raising but still was able to organize a new railroad the New York, Philadelphia and Norfolk Railroad (NYP&N), that connected southern markets with the north. Despite no longer being an executive with PRR, he was elected to the PRR's board of directors and was recalled in 1899 to serve as president.<mask> more than doubled the PRR's total assets during his term, from $276 million to $594 million, while Track and equipment investment increased by almost 150 percent. The route from New York through Philadelphia, Harrisburg and Altoona to Pittsburgh was made double-tracked throughout; to Washington, D.C., four-tracked—Pennsy's "Broad Way." Many other lines were double-tracked; almost every part of the system was improved. New freight cutoffs avoided stations; grade crossings were eliminated, flyovers were built to streamline common paths through junctions, terminals were redesigned, and much more. <mask> initiated the Pennsy's program of electrification which led to the road being the United States' most electrified system. <mask> was succeeded as Pennsylvania Railroad president by James McCrea. Civil engineer
In the Spring of 1861, <mask> had been hired as part of the Engineer Corps of the Pennsylvania Railroad, again as a rodman where he worked on the Connecting Railway.It is unknown how <mask> managed to avoid the Pennsylvania militia draft during the Union mobilization in this period but in 1864, <mask> was transferred to Renovo, Pennsylvania, as a resident engineer to work on the middle division of the Philadelphia and Erie railroad. In 1866, <mask> became superintendent of motive power and

masks: Cassatt Cassatt Cassatt Cassatt Cassatt Cassatt Cassatt Cassatt


texts:
 machinery for the Oil Creek and Allegheny River Railway, recently reorganized in 1864 as the Warren and Franklin Railroad which was growing rapidly due to the discovery of oil in the region and coal mining. In 1867, <mask> was appointed as superintendent of motive power and machinery for the Pennsylvania railroad in Altoona with a salary of $3,000 per year ($=) when a trainman made less than $10 a week ($=). Sometime during <mask>'s tenure as superintendent, he married Lois Buchanan, daughter of the Rev. Edward Y. Buchanan and Ann Eliza Foster. Lois Buchanan was a niece of James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States, and through her mother, a niece of songwriter Stephen Foster. The couple had two sons and two daughters.In 1872, <mask> was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society. Chesterbrook Farm

<mask> was a horse enthusiast and fox hunter who owned Chesterbrook Farm, outside Berwyn, Pennsylvania, where he bred Thoroughbred racehorses. The  property is today the site of a subdivision with office buildings and homes using the Chesterbrook Farm name. The original main barn designed by Philadelphia architect Frank Furness has been maintained and restored. (Furness also designed <mask>'s Rittenhouse Square townhouse.) <mask> initially raced under the pseudonym, Mr. Kelso, and his horses as from the Kelso Stable. He owned the 1886 Preakness Stakes winner, The Bard, and the 1889 Belmont Stakes 1889 winner, Eric.As well, he bred the winner of the 1875, 1876, 1878, and 1880 Preakness Stakes and Foxford, who won the 1891 Belmont. In addition to flat-racing his Thoroughbreds, in 1895 <mask> helped found the National Steeplechase Association to organize competitive steeplechase racing. He was also responsible for the introduction of the Hackney pony to the United States. In 1878 he acquired 239 Stella in Britain and brought her to Philadelphia. In 1891, <mask> and several fellow Hackney enthusiasts founded the American Hackney Horse Society. The


texts:
 organization and registry continues to this day, with its headquarters now in Lexington, Kentucky. <mask> died in 1906 at his Rittenhouse Square townhouse in Philadelphia, after a six-month illness.He was interred in the Church of the Redeemer Cemetery in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. His widow died in 1920. Legacy

Gramercy Mansion in Baltimore, Maryland, was built by <mask> in 1902. In 1910, the Pennsylvania Railroad erected a statue of <mask>, by Adolph <mask>, in a niche at New York City's new Pennsylvania Station. An inscription below the niche read:

The statue is currently located at the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania in Strasburg, Pennsylvania. See also
 Pennsylvania Station – Original station, demolished in 1963
 List of railroad executives

References

Further reading

 Jacobs, Timothy. The History Of The Pennsylvania Railroad; Bison Books Group 1988; , p. 78–88 The Cassatt years.Jonnes, Jill. Conquering Gotham: a Gilded Age epic: the construction of Penn Station and its tunnels; Penguin Books 2007; . Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (2005), RPI: Alumni hall of fame: Alexander J. Cassatt. Retrieved February 22, 2005. White, John H., Jr. America's most noteworthy railroaders, Railroad History, Railway and Locomotive Historical Society, Spring 1986, 154, p. 9–15. Schmidt, David. "Chesterbrook retells the story of Wayne for the 20th century."Lower Merion Historical Society, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania. American Hackney Horse Society . External links

1839 births
1906 deaths
Businesspeople from Pittsburgh
Businesspeople from Philadelphia
People from Lower Merion Township, Pennsylvania
American civil engineers
20th-century American railroad executives
American racehorse owners and breeders
Owners of Preakness Stakes winners
Pennsylvania Railroad people
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
American people in rail transportation
Members of the Philadelphia Club
People associated with the Philadelphia Museum of Art
Engineers from Pennsylvania
19th-century

masks:
Death Cassatt
Alexander Cassatt
Cassatt
Alexander Weinman


texts:
<mask> (born October 8, 1966) is an American academic. He is Professor of Human Rights Studies at the University of California, Davis. A leading American historian of the contemporary Middle East, human rights, and modern humanitarianism, he is an expert on the Armenian genocide and its denial, and the role of the refugee in world history. <mask> is the founding director of the UC Davis Human Rights Studies Program, the first academic program of its kind in the University of California system. He has been a leader of international efforts to address the needs of displaced and refugee university students and professionals, primarily those affected by the wars and civil conflicts in Syria, Iraq, and Turkey. He serves on the academic advisory board of the National Center for Free Speech and Civic Engagement; and is a founding steering committee member of the University Alliance for Refugees and at-Risk Migrants

Works

In addition to publishing in the American Historical Review, the International Journal of Middle East Studies, Journal of Human Rights, Humanity, Social History, The Huffington Post and the Chronicle of Higher Education, <mask> is author of Being Modern in the Middle East: Revolution, Nationalism, and Colonialism and the Arab Middle Class. (Princeton: Princeton University Press 2006), and Bread from Stones: The Middle East and the Making of Modern Humanitarianism (Oakland: University of California Press, 2015).He is co-editor of Karnig Panian's Goodbye, Antoura: A Memoir of the Armenian Genocide (Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 2015). Panian was an Armenian Genocide child survivor who was held in the Ottoman orphanage at Antoura, Lebanon, where he was subjected to violent attempts at Turkification. Refugee university students and scholars

Following the 2003 American-led invasion and occupation of Iraq, he led the first investigation of conditions facing universities and research centers in Baghdad. His team's findings appear in "Opening Doors: Academic Conditions and Intellectual Life in Post-War Baghdad,"  which was highly critical of

masks:
Keith David Watenpaugh
Watenpaugh
Watenpaugh


texts:
 early American cultural and education policies in post-invasion Iraq, especially those adopted by the Coalition Provisional Authority. Since 2013, <mask> has directed a joint University of California, Davis Global Affairs and Human Rights Studies project to assist refugee university students and scholars from the war in Syria. The project has documented how refugee higher education is neglected by traditional governmental and intergovernmental refugee agencies, and has proposed new methods and techniques for their assistance, including ways to increase their mobility. With the support of the Ford Foundation and the Open Society Foundations (2017–2019), he directed the development and implementation of the Article 26 Backpack a digital/human tool that improves refugee academic document security and empowers better access to higher education opportunities.Awards and honors

<mask> is a recipient (2019) of the Institute of International Education Centennial Medal in recognition of his research, advocacy, and the Article 26 Backpack. He has been a Fellow of the American Council of Learned Societies (2013), a Senior Fellow in International Peace at the United States Institute of Peace (2008–2009)  and has served on the editorial board of the International Journal of Middle East Studies. In 2018 he held the Richard von Weizsäcker Distinguished Visitor and Lecturer fellowship at the American Academy in Berlin; distinguished research fellow (2018) of the Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy and International Affairs at American University of Beirut; distinguished visiting professor (2016) at The Strassler Family Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Clark University; and the George S. and Dolores Doré Eccles Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the Tanner Humanities Center, University of Utah (2005–2006). He has also had the Fulbright, Fulbright-Hays, Social Science Research Council, Will Rogers and the American Academic Research Institute in Iraq fellowships; he was the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Post-Doctoral Fellow in Middle East Studies at Williams

masks: Watenpaugh Watenpaugh


texts:
 College from 1998 to 2000. His scholarship has won multiple awards from professional organizations. His most recent book, Bread from Stones, is an Ahmanson Foundation Book in the Humanities; and won honorable mention (2016) in the Pacific Coast Branch of the American Historical Association Norris & Carol Hundley Award competition. <mask> is an Eagle Scout.Selected publications and interviews

Bread From Stones: The Middle East and the Making of Modern Humanitarianism (Oakland: University of California Press, 2015)

Being Modern in the Middle East: Revolution, Colonialism, Nationalism and the Arab Middle Class, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006.) "The League of Nations' Rescue of Armenian Genocide Survivors and the Making of Modern Humanitarianism, 1920-1927," American Historical Review, 115:5, (December 2010). "Syria's Lost Generation" Chronicle of Higher Education, (June, 2013). "The Article 26 Backpack Digital Platform Empowers Refugee Students," IIE Networker (Spring 2018)

"A Matter of Rights Professor shares his efforts to help refugees access higher education" University of California News

"We Will Stop Here and Go No Further: Syrian University Students and Scholars in Turkey" (2014)

Ottoman History Podcast, Syrian University Students and the Impacts of War (2014)

Ottoman History Podcast Interview with Chris Gratien The Middle East in the Making of Modern Humanitarianism (2015)

"Why Trump's Executive Order Is Wrongheaded and Reckless," Chronicle of Higher Education, (January, 2017)

"A Fragile Glasnost on the Tigris" Middle East Report 228: Fall 2003. "Middle East Brain Drain," National Public Radio's Talk of the Nation - 11/22/2006

References

External links

Official Website
 https://human-rights.ucdavis.edu/people/keith-watenpaugh

1966 births
Living people
21st-century American historians
21st-century American male writers
University of California, Davis faculty
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
University of Washington alumni
Historians of the Middle East
Historians of the Armenian genocide
American male


texts:
<mask> (5 June 1893 – 10 February 1983) was the prime minister of Jammu and Kashmir during 1945–1947. One of the very few Kashmiri Pandits to ever hold that post, Kak had the intractable job of navigating the troubled waters of the transfer of power from British Raj to the independent dominions of India and Pakistan. He handled the activism of the state's political parties, the National Conference and Muslim Conference, and warded off pressure from the new dominions for the accession of the state. He advised the Maharaja to stay independent for at least a year before making the final decision. His actions were highly unpopular with the state's activist Muslims, and he was dismissed from the post of prime minister shortly before the independence of India and Pakistan in August 1947. <mask> was also a pioneering archaeologist who excavated the major sites of antiquities in Kashmir Valley and wrote a definitive treatise on them. Early life
<mask> was the second among seven children (four sons and three daughters) of <mask> (b.1873) —a money-lender and part time trader— and Bhageshwari Devi. He spent his early life in the Gurguri Mohalla of Srinagar. Kak graduated from Sri Pratap College in 1913 and enrolled for a M. A., before being selected for training in archaeology. From 1914 to 1919, Kak trained under John Marshall at various sites. Career
Post training, Kak was appointed as the superintendent of the newly established Department of Archaeology, before being promoted to the Director. He also served as the curator of SPS Museum, and Librarian of Maharaja Hari Singh's private library. Political administration
He was appointed to the post of Chief Secretary in 1934, followed by Inspector General of Customs & Excise in 1935.In 1938, he was inducted as the "Political Advisor" to the Maharaja, and then as the Minister of Military Affairs in 1941. He held the role of "minister-in-waiting" for the Maharaja Hari Singh during 1942–1945. He served as the prime minister of Jammu and Kashmir from June 1945 until 11 August 1947, during the key

masks:
Ram Chandra Kak
Kak
Ram Chandra Kak
Keshav Lal Kak


texts:
 transitional period when the British were preparing for departure from India. 1946
In 1946, as the National Conference (NC) began the Quit Kashmir movement against the Maharaja, Kak declared martial law and had all leaders arrested on 20 May. Sheikh Abdullah was soon sentenced to imprisonment for three years. Jawaharlal Nehru attempted to appear as his defence counsel but his entry to Srinagar was blocked by Kak on 21 July. Kak remained defiant despite multiple Congress leaders requesting him to have Abdullah released.<mask>, in an unpublished note on the accession-disputes, claims to have been ill-disposed to these pleas because the Indian National Congress (INC) had lent its "great weight of authority" to Abdullah's misplaced agitation; INC is castigated for publishing "highly coloured, inaccurate and vituperative statements" and passing resolutions against the Maharaja's government. These unfavorable views about INC would guide his (and Maharaja's) decision to not accede to India —rather than any fundamental objection to the accession itself—, next month. In late July, <mask> met with Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel —who was to become the home minister of the Interim Government of India— but discussions did not get very far. Patel advised that Sheikh Abdullah be released from prison and steps taken to improve relations between the ruler and the people much to the displeasure of <mask>, who rejected Patel's authority and jurisdiction. Patel took offence at what he called the "cold, official touch-me-not attitude" and rejected supporting any plan involving complete independence for Kashmir. <mask>'s initiative having ended in failure, the British Resident in Kashmir reported in November that Kashmir was likely to stay out of the Indian Union. The cited reason was "antagonism [...] displayed by a Congress Central Government".1947
After the Partition of India was decided in June 1947, the decision on accession became imminent. Lord Mountbatten visited Kashmir in June (19–23 June) and coaxed the Maharaja as well as <mask> to make a decision

masks: Kak Kak Kak Kak Kak


texts:
 while guaranteeing the continuance of constitutional monarchy; on being asked by Kak about the "right choice", he implicitly hinted in favor of Pakistan. However, accession to Pakistan did not appeal to them — <mask>'s final position was that "since Kashmir would not accede to Pakistan, it could not accede to India". He advised the Maharaja that Kashmir should remain independent for at least a year, when the issue of accession could be considered. <mask> met the leaders of INC and Muslim League in New Delhi in July. Jinnah told him that Kashmir could hope to get far better terms if it acceded immediately rather than later, but <mask> stood by his earlier position. Jinnah did not mind as long as it did not accede to India.Kak also met V. P. Menon, the secretary in charge of princely states for India, and claim to have convinced him about Kashmir's reasons for not acceding; India was also apparently requested to help with the state's 'security arrangements'. In contrast, Menon held Kak's replies to be evasive and noted that "he could neither understand the man [Kak] nor fathom his game". General Henry Scott, the Chief of Staff of State Forces, in his last report opined that Kak favored independence but closer ties with Pakistan. On 1 August 1947, Gandhi visited Kashmir and pointed out to Kak how unpopular he was among the people and, in response, Kak had offered to resign. However, the Maharaja —who was increasingly against joining Pakistan due to a variety of reasons and trying to repair relationships with INC— is believed to have already decided, a few weeks earlier, to dismiss Kak for being an impediment in the process, and declare general amnesty to political prisoners. Dismissal
<mask> was dismissed as Prime Minister on 11 August 1947 in open-court and put under house arrest; he was replaced with Janak Singh. All senior officials such as the Chief Secretary, the Chief of the Army Staff, the Inspector General of Police were also replaced by less experienced people from the Maharaja's own community, in what Kak would describe as the

masks: Kak Kak Kak Kak


texts:
 "decapitation" of State administration.According to Scott, the Maharaja acted under influence of the Deputy Prime Minister M L. Batra, a Hindu swami, and the Maharani's brother Nachint Chand, all of whom wanted Kashmir to join India at the earliest. He returned to the Maharaja's service a few weeks later, though not as the prime minister. On September 14, Singh informed Kak about mounting an official enquiry on 24 September; Kak declined to participate. On 16 September, Kak attempted to leave the state along with his family, having arranged a flight with help from Scott. But his departure was blocked by the Maharaja, and he was put under house arrest. With General Scott's support, his family was allowed to leave on 22 September. Trial
After the tribal invasion in October, the Maharaja had moved to Jammu and finally released Sheikh Adbdullah, who was appointed as the Head of Emergency Administration in Srinagar.Kak's detention was continued and he was moved to the Badami Bagh. <mask>'s wife, <mask>, lobbied with the Mountbattens arguing for Kak's release and even Stafford Cripps in London raised it with Jawaharlal Nehru. Sheikh Abdullah's administration maintained that they had evidence that Kak was hobnobbing with the Pakistani raiders and agents. In his autobiography, Sheikh Abdullah would praise Kak for maintaining good relations with the ruling circles in Pakistan — he noted that Kak had assessed that as a Muslim majority state, Kashmir was bound to accede to Pakistan and prepared to be in its service. Kak was tied to hay-ropes and paraded through the streets, as NC aligned Kashmiris heckled him. In April 1948, he was tried for three criminal offenses — he was acquitted on two counts but convicted of the third, and jailed. He was pardoned (and released), arguably under pressure from Delhi, but on the condition that he may never enter Kashmir without permission of the state.Kak retired from public life, and migrated to Kasauli. On 3 December 1959, the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court —Syed Murtaza Fazl Ali— voided the

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 externment order but rejected his petition to be paid due pension (with arrears) since termination, amounting to Rs. 91466. The court held that the Government had exercised reasonable discretion in withholding pensions from someone, convicted of an offense involving moral turpitude. <mask> returned back to Kashmir, and alternated between Srinagar and Kasauli. Personal life
<mask> <mask> married Janaki Devi (b. 1894) in 1901.They had five sons —Shailendra, Narendra, Brijendra, Surendra, and Khemendra— and a daughter, who died in infancy. They adopted <mask>'s grand-niece Lila. Devi died in 1928, from tuberculosis. In 1935, <mask> married Margaret Mary. Khemendra, a pilot for the Royal Indian Air Force, died in 1945 of a air-crash near Risalpur; this affected <mask> considerably. Academics
<mask> <mask> was in possession of the two complete Sharada script copies of the Nilamata Purana, when a critical edition was being prepared by K. de Vreese. Kak wrote a treatise on Kashmiri archaeology titled Ancient monuments of Kashmir in 1933; Francis Younghusband wrote the foreword to the book.The book focused on the destruction of temples by Muslim rulers to such an extent, that he was compelled by the publisher to expunge certain "irrelevant" passages lest communal harmony was affected; a chapter on political history of Kashmir portrayed the centuries of Islamic rule as "one of unmitigated plunder, barbarism, and iconoclasm." Historian Mridu Rai notes his work to fit into the usual scheme of the State Archaeological Department in privileging Hindus over the Muslims by various direct and indirect means; Ananya Jahanara Kabir reiterates such observations. Books

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links
 Jammu and Kashmir Dilemma of Accession (A Historical Analysis and Lesson) (Excerpts), Exotic India, 2018. 1893 births
1983 deaths
20th-century Indian archaeologists
Scientists from Jammu and Kashmir
Kashmiri people
Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir
20th-century Indian politicians
Indian social sciences writers
People of the 1947 Kashmir

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<mask> (born Giancarlo Salvestrin, 29 April 1946) is a musician, who had an early solo career in New Zealand and then in Australia. His 1960s and early 1970s songs, "Love, Love, Love", "You Got to Me" and "Reach Out", achieved local chart success in Australia and New Zealand. He launched AC/DC at Chequers on New Year's Eve 1974 and later became a publisher and music producer in Australia. His more recent business ventures include the acquisition of the Peter Lik Publishing Group, founding the Lifestyle Music label distributed by Sony Music Australia, and founding Music Hive, an online streaming service for retailers. Biography
<mask> was born Giancarlo Salvestrin (29 April 1946) in Venice. In 1949 his father, Ernesto, migrated to Australia and in January 1950, at the age of four, <mask> and his mother followed, settling in Griffith, New South Wales. Early career
In 1963 <mask>, under the stage name <mask>, won a talent quest at Skelseys Hotel, singing "Mashed Potato", in the western suburbs of Sydney, which was the beginning of his career in the entertainment business.He was given a regular solo spot at the hotel, where he was approached by guitarist Graham Ford to become the fifth member of a Western Suburbs band, The Inturns. The Inturns were subsequently managed by Eileen Harrigan, the wife of John Harrigan, who owned Surf City in Kings Cross and managed a number of leading "beat" bands in Sydney. The Inturns supported a number of popular local acts, including Billy Thorpe & The Aztecs, and Ray Brown & The Whispers as well as headlining at Suzi Wong's The Beach House and Stagecoach venues. <mask> was then offered a six-month resident spot at The

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Gene Pierson
Gene Pierson
Pierson
Pierson
Gene Chandler
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texts: Bowl nightclub in Pitt Street, Sydney. In December 1965 <mask> received news that his father, Ernesto, had a brain tumour and meanwhile <mask> was due to be conscripted into the army to serve in Vietnam. He was due to report to Duntroon military base within days however, following advice from The La De Das guitarist Kevin Borich, he travelled to New Zealand, which had no passport requirement, thereby evading his conscription. Running low on cash in Auckland, he bluffed his way into the Galaxie nightclub, saying he was <mask>, a top performer from Sydney, and would do a guest spot for free entry.In the audience was Eldred Stebbing who managed and recorded Ray Columbus, Max Merritt & The Meteors and the La De Das on his Zodiac label. Stebbing was impressed and ended up managing <mask> encouraging him to change his stage name as there was already a US singer named <mask> (aka "Duke of Earl"). The story is that Stebbing spotted a poster for Pearson's Soap over the singer's shoulder and both agreed with a change in spelling to Pierson. After signing with Stebbing's Zodiac label, temporary accommodation was arranged and Salvestrin (now <mask>) had a regular gig and income. He also appeared regularly with Wellington group, Cheshire Katt. <mask> had success with a Bobby Hebb song, "Love, Love Love"/"Celeste", which become a number one hit on the Radio Hauraki charts in October 1967. This was followed by "You Got To Me"/"Rainy Day in June" which reached number two spot.This was first time anyone had done a cover version of a Neil Diamond song outside of the US – a medal commemorating this was later presented to <mask> by Diamond's manager. Both singles were

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 also released in Australia on the Philips label. In 1968 <mask> released, "Toyland"/"Matchstick in a Whirlpool", which originally recorded by UK group Alan Bown Set featuring Robert Palmer on vocals, which was then followed later that year by "If You Only Loved Me"/"Just One Tender Look", neither of which had the same success as the earlier singles. <mask> was featured in Playdate, Groove and a number of women's magazines, alongside the British and American pop stars of the time. He was working four nights a week, regularly appearing on television and touring with artists including Tommy Adderley, Larry's Rebels, Shane, The Chicks, Simple Image and the La De Das. In 1969 he switched labels to Festival Records releasing "Leaving on a Jet Plane"/"I Ain't No Miracle Worker" and in 1970 a cover of the Four Tops song "Reach Out"/"Oh Sweet Lord", which received airplay in Australia and became a minor chart success over there, reaching No. 12 on the Sydney charts.Returning to Australia
During the recording of an album with producer and blind keyboard player Claude Papesch, <mask> learned of his father's death and returned to Australia for the funeral. He quickly leveraged his New Zealand success, signing with Festival Records and releasing a psychedelic make-over of the Four Tops song "Reach Out", backed by New Zealand's Simple Image who were resident in Sydney at the time. However, a long-standing disagreement between radio stations and record labels put an end to the song's journey up the charts. Record companies were refusing to supply free new release records unless radio stations agreed to pay a new royalty, resulting in a six-month radio ban on

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 airplay for Australian and British recordings released by major labels. As part of his contract <mask> released "See My Way"/"Teach Me How To Fly" on the Infinity label in 1970, followed in 1971 by "Story"/"Bye Bye Love" and "Come on In"/"The Only Living Boy in New York". He then ended his contract with Festival and went on to co-host the nationwide weekly pop gossip programme the Today Show with Bruce Webster and Patty Lovell, which led to the first video music TV show on Channel 7 called Sounds. The same year, he also hosted his own weekly segment, Today Pop, on Channel 7’s Today Show and wrote for Go-Set pop paper.For the publication he covered Elton John's first concert at the Troubador in Los Angeles, interviewed musicians Lou Rawls and Tina Turner, and promoted his version of "The Only Living Boy in New York", taking guest spots on the casino circuit in Los Angeles and San Francisco and appearing on Metro Media TV. Record production
<mask> discovered there was an upside to the 1970 music ban that so harshly impacted local artists recording their own material. Australian acts could still cover versions of British hits that might otherwise be ignored. To capitalise on that loophole he formed Chart Records which released a number of songs, including a cover by Sydney band, Autumn of Christie's "Yellow River", and their collaboration with Dave Allenby of Edison Lighthouse's  "She Works in A Woman's Way", which both reached the top ten on the local music charts. Also achieving chart success was a re-release of his earlier single, "Love, Love, Love", which reached No. 38 on the Go-Set Australian National Charts in May 1970. Concurrently <mask>

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texts:
 became entertainment manager for John Harrigan's Sydney Bistros, which operated the largest nightclubs in Australia including Whiskey Au Go Go, Chequers and Stagecoach in Sydney.He booked Sammy Davis Jr, Frank Sinatra, Shirley Bassey, Trini Lopez and Dusty Springfield. When interest in middle of the road artists began to recede, <mask> Loyde & the Coloured Balls, John Paul Young, Jeff St John, Blackfeather, Cold Chisel, Sebastian Hardie and Chain. He established new groups at Chequers including Sherbet who soon moved from house band to main drawcard. In 1995, <mask> and Village People’s drummer Allen Murphy visited Maningrida, an Australian Aboriginal community in Arnhem Land where they recorded indigenous talent such as the Sunrise Band, the Mimi Dancers, and the Letterstick Band. A limited edition compilation album was released on <mask>’s label Ocean Music that year. In January, 2016, the recording was remastered for the album “Demurru Hits”.Booking agent
<mask> booked shows for AC/DC who were being promoted by Ray Arnold and his partner Alan Kissack. The band were booked into Chequers nightclub,. however, venue management had never heard such a loud band and refused to have them back. <mask> booking them at various venues including the Bondi Lifesaver at 56 Ebley St. Bondi Junction. He played a role in having Ted Albert of Albert Productions listen to AC/DC, who later signed with Albert Music. <mask> introduced the band to programme director of rock station 2SM, Rod Muir, who booked them for the station's school holiday concerts back at Chequers. <mask> managed Johnny O'Keefe for a time, running a series of sell out rock and roll concerts at

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 Paddington Town Hall which featured a range of guest artists including Ray Columbus, Johnny Devlin, Jade Hurley and Judy Stone.During his time working with Sydney Bistros, <mask> was introduced to British entrepreneur as an agent to rock bands including English band Black Sabbath,  Don Arden, the father of Sharon Osbourne, who was at the time managing Electric Light Orchestra (ELO) and booking acts through Chequers nightclub. Ardern had heard the song Love and Other Bruises by Air Supply and wanted access to them. <mask> brokered a deal between Ardern and the band's management resulting in the band heading to US where they had strong chart success. Around this time <mask> reconnected with members of his former band The Inturns who had engaged guitarist Mario Millo (ex-The Click) as the band's keyboard player and changed their name to Sebastian Hardie. He managed the symphonic rock unit and booked them to tour Australia with Dutch progrockers Focus. This helped the band achieve national exposure and led to the recording of the band's successful debut album, Four Moments in August 1975. During this period <mask> had a regular showbiz column in the Sunday Mirror called "As It Is".The most important rock festivals in Australia during the 1970s were the four Sunbury Festivals held in a natural amphitheater outside Melbourne. The organizer, Odessa Promotions, hired <mask> to co-compare the 1974 Sunbury Festival. This was the year that <mask> introduced Britain's up-and-coming group Queen to a hostile audience who were chanting for Australian artists. Queen finished their set despite being booed. Record labels
<mask> established his own agency called Blue

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texts: Heaven, booking top Australian bands around Sydney pubs and clubs. He then merged this with a new publishing operation run out of Kerry Packer's Nine Network in Sydney. It was here that the Living Sound and Laser Records labels handled artists including Dark Tan, Geeza, Squeeze, Bobby Thomas, Trevor Knight, Julie Bower, Frankie Davidson, Australia and Southern Cross.In the late-1970s he arranged a contract with established singer Judy Stone for concerts in Beijing resulting in strong record sales throughout mainland China. He also brokered a deal between INXS band manager Chris Murphy and Morrie Smith of RCA for international distribution. <mask> produced and recorded all-girl group Peaches single, "Substitute", which peaked at number 15 on the Kent Music Report in 1978 on the Laser Records label. <mask> purchased the rights for the Laser label and struck a distribution deal with Eldred Stebbing and Polygram Records. Pierson released the music of Th' Dudes and Hello Sailor in Australia through the Big Mouth label and launched their careers in Australia with an appearance at the opening of Sydney radio station 2WS. <mask> produced two hit singles for singer Melissa Tkautz from the TV series E Street, released on his Laser Music label through Polygram. He had the single "Read My Lips" written for her by Roy Nicholson which became an Australian Recording Industry Association's dance hit, reaching No.1 on the ARIA singles charts, selling 800,000 copies. The follow-up single, "Sexy (Is The Word)", also written by Nicholson reached No. 3 on the Australian charts. <mask> was also behind the group Rhapsody, whose song, "Cowboy Lover", reached No. 95 on the

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 ARIA singles charts in January 1993. In 1995 Ladysmith Black Mambazo released their album Homeless in Australia on Pierson's Laser Music label in conjunction with distributor Dino Entertainment. The South African choral group rose to prominence after working with Paul Simon on his 1986 album, Graceland.Homeless went platinum, selling 80,000 copies after <mask> struck a deal with a national advertising company for one of the tracks, "Nomathemba", to be used in an advertisement for Nestlé's Nescafé Gold Blend. In August 1996, following discussions with musician David Hudson, and his manager and wife, Cindy Hudson, Pierson formed the Indigenous Australia record label. The label specialises in Aboriginal, spoken word, world, ambient music and children's albums and has released over twenty albums for artists including Hudson, Tjapukai, Ash Dargan and guitarist Wayne Mcintosh, with over one million units sold globally. and fights to uphold the rights of indigenous musicians. Comedy recordings
Early in the 1980s <mask>, was inspired to delve into the relatively untapped comedy market after meeting Englishman Roy Nicolson in 1982, who was the songwriter for Toto Coelo's "I Eat Cannibals", which reached No. 4 on the Australian singles charts and No. 2 on the New Zealand singles charts.Nicolson had begun experimenting with animal sounds on an E-mu Emulator I, an early sampler. <mask> jokingly asked him if he could play "Paperback Writer" using dogs barking. He did and soon <mask> had commissioned him to create a parody album of popular Beatles songs with dogs plus a backing chorus of cows, sheep and chooks backed by anonymous backing musicians from Germany.


texts:
 The result was the 1983 novelty album, Beatle Barkers, credited to The Woofers and Tweeters Ensemble, released on the Passport Records label and marketed by Demtel. <mask> subsequently arranged for live recordings of Australian comedy acts at the Margaret St Comedy Store in Sydney in conjunction with Barry Wayne. The first series, Australia Laughs, featuring George Smilovitch, Rodney Rude, Vince Sorrenti, Keith Scott, Gary Who, Calvin De Grey and Graham Pugh, was released on video by Video Classics. A Swag of Aussie Poetry
He recorded 53 of the best loved works of Australian prose and verses, entitled Out of the Bluegums – 150 Years of Australian Verse, which was released in 1985.It features 31 narrators delivering an eclectic mix of folk ballads and bush poetry from the 1800s through to 20th century prose. The narrators include Australian icons such as Peter Allen, Spike Milligan, Dame Joan Sutherland, and Dame Edna Everage. The double CD was digitally remastered and released on <mask>'s Lifestyle Music label in January 2011 as A Swag of Aussie Poetry. Unfinished business

In November 2007 <mask> was invited to perform at the Wild Things beat band event in Auckland, where he sang alongside Ray Columbus, The Pleazers, Chants R & b, The Breakaways, and Peter Nelson & the Castaways and the Underdogs. In August 2008 <mask> finally released his debut album, the 16-track compilation Spinning the Moments, which he had begun in 1968. A distribution deal was signed with Sony/BMG in Australia and EMI Music in New Zealand for the album. In 2009, after 15 years with Indigenous Australia, <mask> merged the business into his Lifestyle Music Group making it easier

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texts: to market the different styles of recording and artists he was working with and to expand into world music, sacred sounds, classical, poetry, ambient, jazz and health and lifestyle.In its first year Lifestyle Music Group recorded 50 albums including mellow jazz café titles and "romance therapy" where he re-mastered older love songs, mixed with relaxing ocean sounds in-between. In 2010 Lifestyle signed Australia's Got Talent finalist Cam Henderson. Pierson produced Henderson's debut single, "Angel Without Wings" as well as the album of the same name for the 44-year-old builder. The album, Angel Without Wings, reached No.29 on the Australian ARIA albums chart in October 2010. In 2012 <mask> acquired the Peter Lik Publishing Group from renowned Australian photographer Peter Lik. In June 2012 Pierson's Lifestyle Music label, distributed by Sony Music Entertainment, made music history by having the first Australian Dance Chart album "Don't Funk With Me" by Alston which peaked at No.16 on the Australian charts and No. 2 on the Australian dance music charts, spending a total of seven weeks in the charts.In February 2013 he re-mastered and re-released Norman May's Great Moments in Australian Sports a history of Australian sporting moments starting from the first Melbourne Cup phantom call by Joe Brown in 1890. In July 2014 he established Music Hive, a streaming music service for business environments. He continues to produce and record music tracks for his Lifestyle Music label distributed by Sony Music (SME). In 2019, he and his wife Sharon appeared on the second season of the Netflix series Instant Hotel. He really struggles with paddle boarding as seen on


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<mask>, FBA (March 15, 1918 – May 13, 1987) was an American literary critic and biographer of the Irish writers James Joyce, Oscar Wilde, and William Butler Yeats. He won the U.S. National Book Award for Nonfiction for James Joyce (1959), which is one of the most acclaimed literary biographies of the 20th century. Its 1982 revised edition was similarly recognised with the award of the James Tait Black Memorial Prize. Ellmann was a liberal humanist, and his academic work focused on the major modernist writers of the twentieth century. <mask> was born in Highland Park, Michigan, the second of three sons of James Isaac Ellman, a lawyer, and his wife Jeanette (née Barsook). His father was a Romanian Jew and his mother was a Ukrainian Jew from Kiev. Ellmann served in the United States Navy and Office of Strategic Services during World War II.He studied at Yale University, receiving his B.A. in 1939, his M.A. in 1941, and his PhD (for which he won the John Addison Porter Prize) in 1947. In 1947, he was awarded a B.Litt degree (an earlier form of the M.Litt) from the University of Dublin (Trinity College), where he was resident while researching his biography of Yeats. As a Yale undergraduate at Jonathan Edwards College, Ellmann was a member of Phi Beta Kappa (scholastic honor society); Chi Delta Theta (literary honor society); and, with James Jesus Angleton, a member of the Executive Editorial Board of the Yale Literary Magazine. He achieved "Scholar of the Second Rank" (current equivalent: magna cum laude). The 1939 Yale Banner undergraduate yearbook published an untitled Ellmann account (similar in concept and style to Oscar Wilde's parables which Ellmann later cited in his 1987 biography Oscar Wilde) of a chagrined Joseph, husband of Mary, and Jesus Christ's custodial father:
Joseph was no match for the angel and for Mary's

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texts: flattering tears.He felt a wince of disappointment at the idea that she had had a vision too, but then she was his wife, and perhaps the whole family now had the prophetic gift. He would have to try it out, on the harvest. Meanwhile he would seek to forget his jealousy, despite the fact that the story sounded a bit fantastic to a reasonable man, which he guessed he was, and it would be well not to talk about it much outside. It was better to leave things the way they were. Not much of a wedding night, but one could tell white lies about that to one's friends. Ellman later returned to teach at Yale, and there with Charles Feidelson Jr., he edited the important anthology, The Modern Tradition. He earlier taught at Northwestern, and at the University of Oxford, before serving as Emory University's Robert W. Woodruff Professor from 1980 until his death.He was Goldsmiths' Professor of English Literature at Oxford University, 1970–1984, then Professor Emeritus, a fellow at New College, Oxford, Oxford, 1970–1987, and an extraordinary fellow at Wolfson College, Oxford from 1984 until his death. Additionally, he was a Fellow of the British Academy. In 1983 he delivered the British Academy's Sarah Tryphena Phillips Lecture in American Literature and History. Ellmann used his knowledge of the Irish milieu to bring together four literary luminaries in Four Dubliners: Wilde, Yeats, Joyce, and Beckett (1987), a collection of essays first delivered at the Library of Congress. His wife, the former Mary Donoghue (1921 – 1989), whom he married in 1949, was an essayist. The couple had three children: Stephen (b. 1951), a South Africa constitutional scholar, Maud (b.1954), and Lucy (b. 1956), the first two became academics and the third a novelist and teacher of writing. Ellmann died of motor neurone disease in Oxford on May 13, 1987, at the age of


texts:
 69. Many of his collected papers, artifacts, and ephemera were acquired by the University of Tulsa's McFarlin Library, Department of Special Collections and University Archives. Other manuscripts are housed in the Northwestern University's Library special collections department. Biographies

Yeats
In Yeats: The Man and the Masks, Ellmann drew on conversations with George Yeats along with thousands of pages of unpublished manuscripts to write a critical examination of the poet's life. Joyce
Ellmann is perhaps most well known for his literary biography of James Joyce, a revealing account of the life of one of the 20th century's most influential literary figures.Anthony Burgess called James Joyce "the greatest literary biography of the century." Edna O'Brien, the Irish novelist, remarked that "H. G. Wells said that Finnegans Wake was an immense riddle, and people find it too difficult to read. I have yet to meet anyone who has read and digested the whole of it—except perhaps my friend <mask>n." Ellmann quotes extensively from Finnegans Wake as epigraphs in his biography of Joyce. Wilde
Ellman's biography Oscar Wilde won a Pulitzer Prize. In it he examined Wilde's ascent to literary prominence and his public downfall. Posthumously Ellmann won both a U.S. National Book Critics Circle Award in 1988 and the 1989 Pulitzer Prize for Biography.The book was the basis for the 1997 film Wilde, directed by Brian Gilbert. It is considered to be the definitive work on the subject. Ray Monk, a philosopher and biographer, described Ellmann's Oscar Wilde as a "rich, fascinating biography that succeeds in understanding another person". The <mask> Lectures
The <mask> Lectures in Modern Literature at Emory University were established in his honor. <mask>n, 1958)
 The Critical Writings of James Joyce (Eds. Ellsworth Mason and <mask>n, 1959)
 Edwardians

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 and Late Victorians (Edited and with a Foreword by <mask>n, 1960)
 The Modern Tradition: Backgrounds of Modern Literature (with Charles Feidelson, Jr., 1965)
 Letters of James Joyce Vol. 2 (Ed.<mask>n, 1966)
 Letters of James Joyce Vol. 3 (Ed. <mask>, 1966)
 Giacomo Joyce (James Joyce; ed. <mask>n, 1968)
 Oscar Wilde: a Collection of Critical Essays (Ed. <mask>n, 1969)
 The Artist as Critic: Critical Writings of Oscar Wilde" (Ed. <mask>n, 1969)
 The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry (Eds. <mask>n and Robert O'Clair, 1973)
 Selected Letters of James Joyce (Ed.<mask>n, 1975)
 Modern Poems: An Introduction to Poetry (Eds. <mask> and Robert O'Clair, 1976)
 The Picture of Dorian Gray and Other Writings by Oscar Wilde (Ed. Ellmann, 1982)

References

Sources
 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''

External links
 University of Tulsa McFarlin Library's inventory of the <mask>n collection housed in their special collections department
 <mask>n Papers, Northwestern University Archives, Evanston, Illinois

1918 births
1987 deaths
20th-century American writers
Academics of the University of Oxford
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
American expatriates in the United Kingdom
American literary critics
United States Navy personnel of World War II
American people of Romanian-Jewish descent
American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
Deaths from motor neuron disease
Emory University faculty
Fellows of New College, Oxford
Fellows of the British Academy
Jewish American writers
James Joyce scholars
James Tait Black Memorial Prize recipients
National Book Award winners
Northwestern University faculty
People from Highland Park, Michigan
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners
People of the Office of Strategic Services
W. B. Yeats scholars
Writers from Michigan
Yale University alumni
Yale University faculty
Neurological disease deaths

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<mask> (born 1951) is a criminologist, former higher education manager and consultant. He was Vice-Chancellor of Thames Valley University in the 1990s. Background
<mask> grew up on Merseyside. He attended Catholic grammar school in Crosby, Merseyside and gained entry to the University of Cambridge to read Social Sciences, graduating in the early 1970s. In 1977 he was awarded a PhD by the University of Leicester for Prisoners in Revolt a study which looked at the attempt by the organisation Preservation of the Rights of Prisoners to organise prisoners into a union. Scholarly work
<mask> began an academic career in the 1970s at Leicester University sociology department as a tutorial assistant for two years. In 1975, he went to the Open University, as a lecturer in Social Policy.He helped build the social sciences faculty into one of the best in the UK, persuading Stuart Hall and other well known sociologists to take up posts there. He was involved in the OU's innovative teaching modes and joint publications. He was expert in the sociology of prisons and policing in Britain and internationally, publishing several books on these topics

Academic management, and Thames Valley University

<mask> latterly became Dean and Director of Studies in the Faculty of Social Sciences at the Open University, then left in 1987/8 to become Deputy Director for Academic Development at Coventry Polytechnic. He was appointed Vice-Chancellor and Chief Executive of Thames Valley University (TVU) in 1991, at 41 years of age the youngest VC in Britain. TVU had been a college of higher education, then became a polytechnic and quickly applied for and received full university status. His personal characteristics came to define the image and policies of the new university. He was known for his

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