texts: Something's Afoot, Theatre Building Chicago, Stages Repertory Theatre in Houston, the Trinity Arts Center in Dallas and the DejaVu Theatre in Los Angeles where he won the Backstage West Award as Best Actor for his performance as Marvin in Robert Patrick's T-Shirts.While playing Tevye in Fiddler on the Roof at the Waldo Astoria Dinner Theatre in Kansas City, Missouri he wrote his first play, Cookin' With Gus, which was published by Samuel French. It has since been performed across the United States and has been translated into several languages for productions around the world. A huge hit in Quebec, Canada, it was taped in French by HBO. One play led to another and soon <mask> was writing full-time. For the theatre, he has written the comedies The Lucky O'Learys with Kathleen Freeman, Fat Chance with Virginia Capers, The Lady Of The House with Rue McClanahan and the off-Broadway smash hit musical, The Last Session, which he also directed. After The Last Session'''s New York run (for which he received Drama Desk and Outer Critics Circle nominations), the show was named by the Los Angeles Times as one of the ten best plays of the 1998-1999 Los Angeles season, garnering him the Oscar Wilde Award and the GLAAD Media Award. <mask> won another Backstage West Award for his direction of the show, along with the Los Angeles Drama Critic's Circle Award as playwright.In 1988 <mask> got a call from his idol, Lucille Ball, who had read The Lucky O'Learys and thought it would be perfect for herself and Audrey Meadows. By the time he finished writing the pilot for 20th Century Fox, however, Ball was not up to doing the project and it never developed. However, Ball and

masks: Brochu Brochu Brochu


type: original

texts:
 <mask> formed a close friendship that resulted in them spending almost every afternoon together until she died in 1989. <mask> chronicled Ball's life as she told it to him in his book, Lucy In The Afternoon, published by William Morrow and named as an alternate selection by The Literary Guild Book Club. <mask> lives in New York, where, between theatrical assignments, he travels on cruise ships around the world lecturing about Broadway, Hollywood and the stars with whom he has worked. He is a member of the Dramatists Guild, the Screen Actors Guild, Actors Equity Association and has been called by the New York Times a true "Man Of The Theatre". He has toured Zero Hour, in which he portrays Zero Mostel; one Los Angeles critic called it the best performance of the 2006 season.Zero Hour'' was also awarded the Best Play of 2006 by the L.A. Ovations. His caricature hangs on the wall of Sardi's restaurant in New York. Selected filmography

References

External links

Official site
Plays by <mask> at doollee.com
"<mask> at the Internet Off-Broadway Database listing

1946 births
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
Male actors from New York City
20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
American male stage actors
St. Francis College alumni
Living

masks:
Brochu
Brochu
Brochu
Brochu
Jim Brochu


texts:
<mask> (, ,, Mykola Ivanovych Kybalchych; 19 October 1853 – April 3, 1881) was a Russian revolutionary of Ukrainian-Serbian origin who took part in the assassination of Tsar Alexander II as the main explosive expert for Narodnaya Volya (the People's Will), and was also a rocket pioneer. He was a distant cousin of revolutionary Victor Serge. Early life
Born in Korop, Krolevetsky Uyezd, Chernigov Governorate (present-day Ukraine) in 1853 into a clerical family, Kibalchich was the son of an Orthodox parish priest. He entered a gymnasium in 1864 but was later admitted to a seminary. But he returned to secondary school and finishing it with a silver medal several years later. In 1871 he entered St Petersburg Institute of Railway Engineers and in 1873 he entered Saint Petersburg Emperor Military Medical Academy to study medicine and worked on experiments into pulsed rocket propulsion. Biography
In October 1875, Kibalchich was arrested for lending a prohibited book to a peasant.He spent 3 years in prison before being sentenced to 2 months imprisonment. He went on to join Narodnaya Volya in 1878, becoming their main explosives expert. In March 1881, he was charged with taking part in the assassination of Alexander II. All through the night from February 28 to March 1, Mykolaj and his assistants - the Fleet Lieutenant Sukhnanov and Mikhail Grachvesky – worked without rest preparing the missile shells. The Peoples Will members had to be quick. Andrei Zhelyabov, who was to direct the missile throwers in an attempt on the life of the Emperor Alexander II, had been arrested on 27 February. If the Tsar survived the explosion, Zhelyabov was to kill him with a dagger.Zhelyabov's arrest on the eve of the assassination attempt came as a complete surprise, although alarming rumors had appeared in February that the police were up to something. The plan was in jeopardy. There was no one to warn the


texts:
 Narodnaya-Volya people. <mask>, assistant to the file clerk of the Third (Security) Department, bearer of a Saint Stanislav Order, who had often warned the Narodniks about the gathering dangers, had been arrested at the end of January. By the morning of March 1 four projectiles were ready. One of them killed Alexander II on March 1, 1881, on the embankment of the Yekaterininsky Canal in Saint Petersburg. <mask> was arrested on March 17."When his men came to see Kibalchich as his appointed counsel for the defense," said V.N Gerard in his statement to the special committee of the senate, "I was surprised above all by the fact that his mind was occupied with completely different things with no bearing on the present trial. He seems to be immersed in research on some aeronautic missile; he thirsted for a possibility to write down his mathematical calculations involved in the discovery. He wrote them down and submitted them to the authorities." In a note written in his prison cell, Kibalchich proposed a manned jet air-navigating apparatus. He examined the design of powder rocket engine, controlling the flight by changing engines angle, the pro note is dated March 23. He produced this scientific work truly at death's door. On March 26, General Komarov, Chief of the Gendarmery Department, informed the Police Department: "Pursuant to the request from <mask>, the son of the priest, who is accused of high treason, I have the honor to present hereby his design of an aeronautic device."The brief written in the report said: "To be filed with the March 1 dossier and to give this to
scientists for consideration now would hardly be expedient since this can only give rise to a lot of wanton talk. Kibalchich’s design was put in an envelope, sealed and filed. The inventor was told that his design would be handed over to scientists for examination. Kibalchich awaited for their answer. The month of March was at

masks:
Nikolai Kletochnikov
Kibalchich
Nikolai Kibalchich


texts:
 an end, with two days left before execution. On March 31 Kibalchich wrote this solicitation address to the Minister of Interior: “By instruction of your Excellency my design of an aeronautic apparatus has been submitted for the consideration of technical committee; could your Excellency direct that I be allowed to meet with any of the committee members on the matter of this design not later than tomorrow morning or at least to receive a written answer from the experts who have examined my design, also no longer than tomorrow. I also ask your Excellency for permission for me, before I die, to meet with all my comrades
in the trial or at least with Zhelyabov and Perovskaya."All the requests were ignored. Execution and legacy

At 7:50 am on the sunny spring morning of April 3 two “chariots of shame” with the
condemned prisoners rode out of the house of the detention to Shpalernaya Street. Zhelyabov was
in the first, and by his side was Rysakov, who had tossed the first bomb at the coach of
Alexander II and then betrayed his comrades during the interrogation. <mask>, Perovskaya and Mikhailov were in the second. The hands and feet of the condemned were tied to the seats. Each had on his chest a black plaque with the white colored inscription: “A regicide”. At 9:21 am the executioner removed the foot stool from under the feet of Kibalchich.Mikhailov, Perovskaya, Zhelyabov and Rysakov were executed after him. Thus, Kybalchych and other Narodnaya Volya plotters including Sophia Perovskaya, Andrei Zhelyabov, <mask> and Timofei Mikhailov were hanged on April 3, 1881. The fate of the invention, mentioned in Kybalchych's last letter, proved to be as tragic as that of its 27-year-old creator. <mask>'s
design was buried in the archives of Police Department, but the tsar authorities failed to consign
the name of the inventor and his idea to oblivion. The trial and execution of the Narodniks had wide

masks:
Kibalchich
Nikolai Rysakov
Kibalchich


texts:
repercussions around the world. Much was said and written about Kibalchich's design abroad and all
kinds of conjectures were made about the essence of the invention and its subsequent fate. In 1917, <mask> rediscovered the manuscript in the archives and published an account of it 1918 in the historic magazine Byloye (Былое, The Past).In 1891, similar ideas were developed independently by the German engineer Hermann Ganswindt. After WWII, Stanislaw Ulam proposed a nuclear pulse propulsion scheme which was studied in Project ORION. The International Astronomical Union honoured the rocketry pioneer by naming a crater on the moon Kibalchich's crater(Kibal'chich). Located at 3.0° N 146.5° W, the Moon's far side. Final letter

The Dream of a propulsive device by a Scientist that was stolen by death

"I, <mask>, am writing down this design in prison with several days to go before my
execution. I believed in the practicability of my idea and this belief sustains me in my appalling situation by scientists and specialists who show my idea to be practicable, I will feel happy in the knowledge that I have rendered an immense service to my country and mankind. I will then calmly meet death, knowing that my idea will not die with me but will remain with mankind for which I prepared to sacrifice my life.That is why I pray to those scientists who will examine my design that they treat it with the utmost seriousness and good faith and let me know their answer as soon as possible. First and foremost I need it necessary to note that, when at large, I did not have time to
elaborate my design in details and prove its feasibility mathematically. Now it is, of course
impossible for me to obtain the materials necessary for that. Consequently, this task that of
substantiating my design with mathematical calculation will have to be done by those experts
into whose hands my design will find its way. Besides, I

masks:
Nikolai Rynin
Nikolai Kibalchich


texts:
 am not familiar with the mass of similar design which have, appeared lately; that is
to say I am aware of the idea behind those designs but I am not familiar with the way whereby the inventors hope to carry them out. As far as I know, however my idea has not yet been proposed by anyone else. In my thought about an aeronautic machine I have concentrated mainly on this question: what force has to be applied in order to set such machine in motion?In my opinion it is slowly burning explosive substances that can provide such a force. In fact, the combustion of explosive substance results with a comparative rapidity in large
quantity of gases possessing a huge energy at the instance of their formation. But can one use
the energy of gases, formed by explosive ignition, to perform work of any duration? This is
possible only if the huge energy of explosive combustion, rather than last instantaneously,
will be generated during a more or less prolonged period of time." Legacy
In the April 1918 issue of the Byloye magazine, <mask>
published <mask>'s description of a manned, rocket-propelled ship, from his final letter. The letter had been filed in police archives until Rynin fished it out, after hearing rumors of the design. References

External links

 Croft, Lee B. <mask> Kibalchich: Terrorist Rocket Pioneer.IIHS. 2006. .
 Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy and Spaceflight
 Nikolai Rynin Interplanetary Flight and Communication Vol.2 No.4 pp36. Washington, D.C.: NASA and NSF, 1971
 Суд над цареубийцами. Дело 1-го марта 1881 года. Под редакцией В.В.Разбегаева. Изд. им.Н.И.Новикова. С-Пб том 1 и 2. 2014.,

1853 births
1881 deaths
People from Korop
People from Krolevetsky Uyezd
Narodniks
Narodnaya Volya
Russian scientists
Russian inventors
Early rocketry
Early spaceflight scientists
Executed Russian people
Executed revolutionaries
People executed by the Russian Empire by hanging
Russian people

masks:
Nikolai Rynin
Kibalchich
Nikolai Ivanovich


texts:
<mask> (September 30, 1839 – May 24, 1919) was a controversial American soldier, attorney, and district attorney for New York County (a.k.a. the Borough of Manhattan) from 1898 to 1900. He received the Medal of Honor for his service in the American Civil War in 1872 but it was  rescinded in 1917 when supporting documentation was not found. As a Judge Advocate in the United States Army, he prosecuted the case of Johnson Chesnut Whittaker, a black cadet at West Point. He was elected New York County District Attorney in 1897, but was put on trial for corruption, and despite acquittal, was removed from office by Theodore Roosevelt in 1900. He refused to prosecute the corrupt Tammany Hall bosses of New York City, proclaiming "The hell with reform!" (or "Reform be damned!").Early years
<mask> <mask> was born on September 30, 1839, in New York City. His birth name was <mask> <mask> – without the "i" which he added when he legally changed his name in 1884. He was born at Fraunces Tavern, where his father and uncle were innkeepers. His father later ran the Philadelphia Hotel. He graduated A.B. from the College of the City of New York in 1859 and a LL.B. from New York University School of Law in 1860.He was admitted to the New York City Bar Association and began private practice as an attorney. Civil War service
Shortly after the outbreak of the American Civil War, <mask> was commissioned as a first lieutenant in the 31st New York Infantry Regiment on May 27, 1861, and was mustered out of service on August 7, 1861. He was commissioned a captain in the 22nd National Guard Infantry (a.k.a. 22nd New York State Militia) on May 31, 1862, served in Baltimore, Maryland,

masks:
Asa Bird Gardiner
Asa
Bird Gardiner
Asa
Bird Gardner
Gardiner


texts:
 and was honorably mustered out of service on September 5, 1862. He was again commissioned a captain in the same regiment when it was reactivated on June 18, 1863, due to the movement of Lee's Army of Northern Virginia towards Pennsylvania. <mask> saw action at Sporting Hill, Pennsylvania, on June 30 and at Carlisle on July 1, where he was wounded in action. <mask>'s wound was apparently minor, as there is no indication he suffered from a physical disability and he almost lived to the age of 80.Both actions were minor with the 22nd having no killed in action but it did have 9 and 12 soldiers wounded respectively on the 30th and the 1st. <mask> was mustered out of active service on July 24, 1863. On May 16, 1865, <mask> was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Veteran Reserve Corps to rank from February 11, 1865, and served as adjutant of the 7th Veteran Reserve Corps Regiment until he was honorably mustered out of service on August 13, 1866. <mask> was brevetted to the rank of captain on March 13, 1865, for "gallant and meritorious service during the war". Medal of Honor
For his actions at the Battle of Sporting Hill <mask> received the Medal of Honor on September 23, 1872, for "distinguished service performed during the war while serving as Captain 22nd New York State Militia". <mask>'s award of the Medal of Honor was rescinded in early 1917 after a review panel, led by retired Lieutenant General Nelson A. Miles, found there was no evidence to support <mask> deserving the award.Although <mask>'s award was rescinded, he refused to return the medal. Post-Civil War military service

After the end of the Civil War, <mask> was commissioned a second

masks: Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner


texts: lieutenant of the 9th Infantry Regiment of the Regular Army, to rank from July 20, 1866, and was promoted to first lieutenant on February 14, 1868. He transferred to the 1st Artillery Regiment on April 3, 1869, and served for a time as aide-de-camp to Major General Irvin McDowell who was commander of the Department of the East with its headquarters on Governors Island in New York Harbor. On September 23, 1872, <mask> received the Medal of Honor for his services in action at Sporting Hill, Pennsylvania, on June 30, 1863, and the defense of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, on July 1 and 2 of the same year. In February 1917, the Army revoked <mask>'s Medal of Honor on the grounds that there was no record in the archives of its having been issued. <mask> refused to return his medal and the matter was controversial until <mask> died in 1919. <mask> served as an aide de camp, presumably to Secretary of War William W. Belknap, from October 4, 1872, to August 19, 1873.<mask> was promoted to the rank of major on August 18, 1873, and served as a Judge Advocate for 15 years until he retired from the Army on December 8, 1888. By an act of Congress, the United States Military Academy at West Point established a Department of Law in 1874, with a senior Judge Advocate as its first professor of law. Secretary of War William W. Belknap appointed <mask> to the post, and he became the first lawyer to teach law at the Academy. <mask> initiated the entire law curriculum, including study of the Lieber Code and a textbook he himself wrote. <mask> served at West Point as Professor of Law from July 20, 1874, to August 28, 1878. Although his obituary in The New York Times stated that he

masks: Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner


texts:
 held the rank of lieutenant colonel during this time, and that <mask> was usually referred to as "Colonel <mask>", the official Army Registers from this time period list <mask> as a major. Ironically, <mask>'s government issue headstone gives his rank as captain.Notable courts martial

While serving as a judge advocate, <mask> was involved in several high-profile legal proceedings. In 1875, while still at West Point, <mask> was chosen by President Ulysses S. Grant to be the presiding judge advocate general at the Whiskey Ring court-martial of Brevet Brigadier General Orville E. Babcock, Grant's personal secretary. The civilian grand jury that had already convened refused to turn over its evidence, however, and the court-martial adjourned; Babcock was later acquitted. In 1878, a commission reviewed the court-martial of Major General Fitz John Porter, who had been dismissed from the Army in 1863 for his actions at the battle of Second Bull Run. The commission chairman, General John M. Schofield, appointed <mask> as recorder, but he "took upon himself the role of a judge advocate in a court-martial," contesting evidence favorable to Porter. The commission ultimately re-instated Porter. <mask>’s unethical conduct on the board angered Schofield to the point that Schofield lodged an official complaint with the War Department and prepared court-martial charges against him.In 1880, one of the first black cadets at West Point, Johnson Chesnut Whittaker, was assaulted by three fellow cadets, but administrators at the Academy said he had faked the attack. After a year of inquests and hearings including the attention of the United States Congress, Whittaker was

masks: Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner


texts:
 court-martialed, with <mask> as prosecutor, resulting in Whittaker's expulsion. The verdict was overturned in 1883 by President Arthur on the ground of faulty evidence, but the expulsion was immediately reinstated by the Secretary of War on the grounds that Whittaker had failed an exam. In 1995, acting on a request from Congress, President Clinton awarded Whittaker a posthumous commission as second lieutenant. In 1884, <mask> was selected for another high-profile prosecution, that of his superior, Brigadier General David G. Swaim, the Judge Advocate General of the Army. Swaim was convicted of financial improprieties and suspended from duty. Later military career
On July 11, 1884, <mask> legally changed the spelling of his last name from "Gardner" to "<mask>".This was, according to a letter he wrote The New York Times, to conform to the spelling of the last name by his ancestors who lived in Rhode Island. In 1887 <mask> was appointed Acting Assistant Secretary of War and held the position until he retired from the Army on December 8, 1888, for "disability in the line of duty". On April 23, 1904, Gardner was promoted, along with numerous other retired officers, to the rank of lieutenant colonel on the Army Retired List in recognition of his service in the Union Army during the Civil War. New York politics
After his retirement from the Army, <mask> pursued the private practice of law in New York City. He became active in the Tammany Hall political machine, the major faction of the New York City Democrats. A history of the society calls him a "simon-pure Democrat" who followed his father and grandfather's participation in the Tammany Society, where in 1901 he

masks: Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner


texts: was elected a sachem. <mask> was allied with Tammany Hall boss Richard Croker and, in November 1897, was elected on the Democratic ticket as New York County District Attorney.During the campaign <mask> said, "Reform be damned!" when confronted with calls to confront the corruption of Tammany Hall. He took office on January 1, 1898, together with the first elected officers of the newly consolidated City of New York (which added the boroughs of Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island to Manhattan and the Bronx). In December 1900 formal charges were brought against <mask> for "interfering with deputies of the Attorney General in presentation of election cases to the Grand Jury and the prosecution thereof". Governor Theodore Roosevelt removed <mask> from office later that month after Garidner chose not to contest the charges. Among the beneficiaries of <mask>'s anti-reform attitude was saloonkeeper Frank J. Farrell, who is said to have opened three hundred pool halls (in reality fronts for bookmakers) after his friend took office, building a fortune that he would use to bring the New York Yankees to town in 1903. In 1908 <mask> was hired by the State of New York to represent the state in opposing the extradition of Harry K. Thaw to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to testify in a bankruptcy case.Thaw had been judged insane in his trial for murdering architect Stanford White in 1906. <mask> argued that, as Thaw had been adjudicated as insane, Thaw could not be called to testify in court. The state offered a fee to <mask> of $2,000 but <mask> presented the state with a bill for $15,000. <mask>'s rationalization of the high fee was that he had spent five months on the case


texts:
 while Thaw's mother spent $100,000 in legal fees. On September 10, 1913, he was the orator at the centennial commemoration of the Battle of Lake Erie in Newport, Rhode Island. He wore the uniform of the Veteran Corps of Artillery and spoke in his capacity as the Commandant of the Military Society of the War of 1812. A contemporary newspaper article described <mask> as "one of the ablest orators Newport has ever heard".Military and hereditary societies
<mask> was active in several military and hereditary societies including the Society of the Cincinnati (Secretary General and President of the Rhode Island Society), the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (elected November 6, 1867, insignia number 586), the Grand Army of the Republic (member of James Monroe Post), the Sons of the Revolution (founding member in 1883, insignia number 83), the  Military Society of the War of 1812 (vice president in 1890 and president in 1908), the Veteran Corps of Artillery of the State of New York (vice commandant with rank of lieutenant colonel in 1890 and commandant with rank of colonel in 1908) and the General Society of the War of 1812 (elected to membership in 1892). <mask> was commissioned a lieutenant colonel in the New York State Militia when he was elected vice commandant of the Veteran Corps of Artillery in 1890 and was promoted to colonel when he was elected commandant in 1908. This is why <mask> was frequently referred to as "<mask>". <mask> was also a member of the Union Club, the Metropolitan Club and the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. Society of the Cincinnati
In 1877 <mask> joined the Society of the Cincinnati, a military society founded

masks:
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Colonel Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner


texts: by officers who had served in the American Revolution and perpetuated by their descendants. <mask> was a key figure the re-establishment of the Rhode Island Society of the Cincinnati – which had been dormant since 1835. In 1878, <mask> was elected as the Rhode Island Society's Assistant Secretary.<mask> joined the Society by right of his descent from his great uncle, Lieutenant Jonathan Willard (1744–1832). Although Lieutenant Willard was a veteran of the 1st New Hampshire Regiment, and the Society has a tradition of members joining the state Society which their ancestor was eligible to join, the Rhode Island Society had an exception in its membership requirements to admit members who were descendants of officers whose state did not have an active society. As New Hampshire did not have an active society in 1877, <mask> was permitted to join the Rhode Island Society. <mask> was elected Secretary General of the National Society in 1884 and, in the same year, authored Precedents and Ordinances of the General Society of the Cincinnati. Through his efforts to recruit new members, define policies and establish administrative procedures, he was probably the single person most responsible for the rejuvenation for the Society of the Cincinnati in the late 19th century. <mask> was elected president of the Rhode Island Society following at a special meeting of the Rhode Island Society on December 14, 1899, which was called as a result of the death of President Nathanael Greene, M.D. (b.1809) (the grandson of General Nathanael Greene) on July 8, 1899. <mask> remained president of the Rhode Island Society, as well as Secretary General of the national Society, until

masks: Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner Gardiner


texts: his death in 1919. In the 41 years that <mask> was active in the Society, it grew greatly both in membership and prestige and all of the dormant state societies were rejuvenated. In March 1901 <mask> traveled, on behalf of the Rhode Island Society, to Savannah, Georgia, and located the grave of Major General Nathanael Greene, a native of Rhode Island and hero of the American Revolution. <mask> was able to locate General Greene's grave and although some thought was given to moving Greene's remains to Rhode Island, but it did not come to fruition. <mask> was highly involved in the planning for the dedication of a statue of the French nobleman Rochambeau in Lafayette Square in Washington, D.C., on May 24, 1902. The ceremony involved an official delegation from France, senior officers the United States Army and Navy, as well as the Society of the Cincinnati.President Theodore Roosevelt gave the keynote address at the ceremony. In 1905 the Rhode Island Society published The Order of the Cincinnati in France, which <mask> wrote. The 243 page volume contains detailed biographies of all the senior officers of the French Army who served in America during the revolution. <mask> was succeeded in the Society by his son <mask> <mask>, Jr. (1872–1936). His nephew, Norman Bentley <mask>, II, became a member of the Rhode Island Society in 1945 and was a member until his death in 1982. <mask> married Mary Austen of Baltimore, Maryland, on October 18, 1865. They had three sons: <mask> <mask>., Philip and Norman.Mary Austen <mask> died in June 1900. <mask>'s son Philip served as a major in the Army Judge Advocate General Corps during the First World War. <mask> <mask> Jr.

masks:
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Asa
Bird Gardiner
Gardiner
Family Gardiner
Asa
Bird Jr
Gardiner
Gardiner
Asa
Bird Gardiner


texts:
 was a prominent milk distributor in Baltimore and succeeded his father in the Society of the Cincinnati. On November 5, 1902, at the age of 63, <mask> married Harriet Isabelle Lindsay, by whom he had two sons, John and William. Death
<mask> <mask> died of a stroke of apoplexy at his home, Orrell Manor, in Suffern, New York, on May 24, 1919, at the age of 79. He was buried in Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn. His headstone shows his rank as "CAPT", despite the fact he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel after his retirement from the Army.In popular culture
<mask> was portrayed by actor John Glover in the 1994 television movie Assault at West Point: The Court-Martial of Johnson Whittaker which portrays the experiences of African-American Cadet Johnson Chesnut Whittaker. <mask> was also featured in Douglas Jone's alternate history novel The Court Martial Of George Armstrong Custer as the military prosecutor who tries General Custer for negligence after he survives the Battle of Little Big Horn. See also

 List of Medal of Honor recipients

References

Further reading
 Roger D. Cunningham. Always a Storm Centre: The Trials and Tribulations of Lt. Col. <mask> <mask>. Journal of America's Past. Fall 2006. External links

1839 births
1919 deaths
American legal writers
American military writers
New York County District Attorneys
Purged Medal of Honor recipients
City College of New York alumni
New York University School of Law alumni
Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
Union Army officers
United States Army officers
United States Military Academy faculty
People acquitted of corruption
People from Suffern, New York
New York (state) Democrats
19th-century

masks:
Gardiner
Asa
Bird Gardiner
Gardiner
Gardiner
Asa
Bird Gardiner


texts:
<mask> (; born 8 May 1981), known professionally as Potap, is a Ukrainian producer, songwriter, composer, performer, director, scriptwriter, TV presenter, master of sports at water polo, coach and mentor of The Voice of Ukraine. He has been involved as a performer and/or producer of such iconic music acts as Potap i Nastya, Vremya i Steklo, MOZGI and many more, releasing over 300 songs, the vast majority of which became international hits. Biography
<mask> was born May 8, 1981 in Kyiv, Ukraine. His father – <mask> (born Jan. 17, 1956) served in the military. His mother, <mask> (born Feb. 9, 1958) is a world fin swimming race champion. Oleksii has been practicing swimming and water polo, where he’d accomplished the title of Master of Sports. Obtains two degrees.The first one is a PE instructor and water polo coach (National University of Ukraine on Physical Education and Sport). The second one is a Master of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Audit (Kyiv National Economic University). Music career
Between 2000 and 2006, <mask> was performing as a part of a rap band called “VuZV” (Vhid u Zminnomu Vzutti – Re-shoe upon Entry). The song written by <mask> “Na Svoey Volne” (“On its own”) became the official soundtrack to a movie “Odin za vseh” (“One for all”) while his other song co-written in collaboration with bands New’Z’Cool and XS became a main theme for an iconic horror movie produced in

masks:
Oleksii Andriiovych Potapenko
Oleksii Potapenko
Andrii Potapenko
Liudmyla Potapenko
Potapenko
Potap


texts: Ukraine, “Shtolna” (“The Adit”). In 2006 the artist teamed up with NK to create the duo “Potap & Nastya” where Oleksii acted as a producer, performer, songwriter, composer, video director and scriptwriter. The duo debuted with the song “Ne Para” (“Don’t Match”)  that turned into an international hit. In 2008, the duo released their debut album with the same title.The artists released their second album titled “Ne Lubi Mne Mozgii” (“Don’t Love my Brain”) that included songs “Na Rayone” (“Down the neighbourhood”), “Novii God” (“New Year”), “Chipsi, Chicksi, Lavandos” ("Chips, Chicks and Money”). The most popular song on the album though was a hit with a name “Chumachechaya Vesna” (“Krazy Spring”). The duo kept moving towards new accomplishments, literally collecting wards one by one. Few years after the creation, the artist were already renowned with every single award on post-Soviet territories including: “Zolotoi Gramophon” (“Gold Gramophone Awards”), “Pesnya Goda” (“Song of the Year”), “RU.TV”, “Premia Muz-TV” (“Muz TV Awards”) and many more. Songs “Esli Vdrug tebya ne stanet” (“If you’re suddenly gone”) and “Mi Otmenyaem Konets Sveta” (“We Cancel the Apocalypse”) played in the TV show “Dnevnik Doctora Zaytsevoy” (The Diary of Zaytseva M.D.”). In 2013 Potap & Nastya produced the third album “Vse Puchkom” (“Everything’s Cool”). The song with the same title  received “Gold Gramophone” award


texts: and remained for a while on top of the most highly rated charts across countries along with another track from the album “Udi udi” (“Udi-udi”).The duo created by Oleksii and NK was officially the most popular touring duo in the country. The joint activity of the artists was followed by an incredible success and achievements as well as setting bars as high as no one have done it before. “Potap & Nastya” became awardees of various international music festivals owing over 50 rewards that include: “M1 Music Awards”, “Song of the Year”, “Gold Gromophone”, “Muz TV Award”, “Sharmanka” (“Music Box”) and “RU.TV”. In 2017, the duo was recognized for “Contribution to the development of the National Scene”. In 2014 Oleksii launches the band MOZGI, where he acts as a producer, performer, songwriter, composer, director, scriptwriter till current days. Between 2015 and 2018 MOZGI was 5 times nominated for Yearly Ukrainian National Awards and 4 on M1 Music Awards winning twice in the latter one. In 2014, Potap and Kamenskih were criticized in Ukraine for continuing to attend award ceremonies in Russia, while many Ukrainians believed their country was a victim of Russian aggression.On this they responded: "It's a shame that we have to collect the journalists to tell that we are from Ukraine and love our country!" In 2016 "Potap and Nastya" concerts were disrupted in Ukraine in protest of them continuing to


texts:
 tour in Russia. In 2017 one of the most popular duos among Russian speaking communities worldwide announced the pause of their activity to start solo projects: PTP and NK respectively. The first solo album by PTP “Spelie Slivi EP” (“Ripe Plums EP”) was released on November 3, 2017. Yet, Oleksii and Nastya’s collaborative work wasn’t over. Potap kept on writing songs for NK. With the support from his side NK presented such hits as “#etomoyanoch” (“#thatmytypeofnight”), co-written Ukrainian song “Trimay” (“Hold it”), “Dai Mne” (“Gimme”), international hit in Spanish and English “Peligroso” (“Dangerous”), LOMALA and “Popa Kak U Kim” (“Ass Like Kim’s”).“Hold it” has taken over national top charts remaining on top for over the year and being recognized at YUNA Awards 2019 as a Pop Hit of the Year while Peligroso for 6 weeks remained in Billboard top charts under Tropical Songs ranking. Production
Today Potap is a head of “MOZGI Entertainment” – the label he established himself that is responsible for managing bands MOZGI, Vremia I Steklo (Time and Glass), singers Michelle Andrade and Ingret. In 2012 MOZGI Entertainment launched a new branch MOZGI Production. The company gathered the best specialists on the market who previously were involved in making videos for Potap’s artists development company. In 2019 a music video for song “Polube” (“Anyway”) by MOZGI was nominated for Berlin Music Video


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 Awards. In 2015 music projects managed under MOZGI Entertainment participated in the following nominations: “Hit of the Year” (Vremya I Steklo – Imya 505 (Name 505) and Potap & Nastya – “Boomdiggibai” (“Boomdiggibai”), “Band of the Year” (Vremya I Steklo and Potap & Nastya), “Project of the Year”: “MOZGI”, Potap & Nastya feat. Bianca), “Music Video of the Year” (Vremya I Steklo – “Name 505”, Potap & Nastya – “Boomdiggibai”).The awards were assigned the following way: “Hit of the Year” to Vremya I Steklo for “Name 505”, while “Band of the Year” with top charts awards “Gold Gramophone” and M1 were given to Potap & Nastya. Moreover, that year Oleksii was renowned the Best Producer of the Year. The same year, a director Dimitri Archipovich, who worked цшер MOZGI Production at that time was announced the Best Director of the Cut. Soundtracks
In 2011 Oleksii <mask> wrote the main theme song for the movie “Vikrutasi” (“Monkey Business”). The track performed by “Potap & Nastya” became the key element of the promo campaign to the movie. In 2014 NK and Oleksii featured in an animated movie “The Seventh Dwarf”. They also performed to soundtracks to the movie as well.One of those “Ver’ v svoi sily” (“Believe in yourself”) was greatly welcomed by the audience and gained an impressive airplay on the radio. In 2018 a movie “Bezumnaya Svad’ba” (“Crazy Wedding”) was released. Upon the release the movie set


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 the record on box office sales among all Ukrainian premieres by collecting 50 664 000 UAH. Oleksii <mask> not only featured in the movie, but wrote entirely wrote and produced an original motion soundtrack album that included 2 songs nominated for M1 Music Awards. Those are “Naikrashii Den’” (“The Best Day”) performed together with Male Artist of the Year Oleg Vinnyk, and “Promin’” (“Gleam”) written and performed in collaboration with all MOZGI Production stars”. Personal life
Media and fans of the artist suggest that Oleksii is in love with his former duo partner NK. On May 23, 2019 <mask> and Nastya Kamenskih were married.TV
TV carrier of Oleksii Potapenko started with a TV-Show “Karaoke against People” on M1 Music Channel. For over ten years by now Oleksii, have actively participated in the most popular TV shows in Ukraine that include: The Voice Ukraine and a comedy show Laughter League on the biggest channel in Ukraine 1+1. At both shows Potap is an honored judge and mentor who’s been helping out a lot of emerging artists to unleash potential to the full. The full list of shows, Oleksii has been involved at:

-      “Karaoke protiv naroda” (Karaoke Against People on M1) – TV host (2008-2009)

-      Guten Morgen (M1) - TV host (2009-2010)

-      Ya lublu Ukrainu (I Love Ukraine on 1+1) – TV host (2010)

-      Superzveda (Superstar o 1+1) – a judge (2010)

-      Telezvezda (TV-star

masks: Potapenko Potap


texts:
 on TRK Ukraine) - TV host (2010)

-      15thAnniversary of 1+1 - TV host (2010)

-      “GPU” (1+1) - TV host (2010-2011)

-      Zvezda + Zvezda (Star + Star on 1+1) – a judge (2010 – 2011)

-      The Voice. Potap – Sleza (“A Tear”, 2012)

-      Arkady Laikin feat Pozitiff – Seksualnii (“Sexy”, 2013)

-      Arkady Laikin – Malimenya (“Begme”, 2013)

-      Potap & Nastya – RuRuRu (2013)

-      Potap & Nastya – Vmeste (“Together”, 2013)

-      Potap & Nastya – Vse Puchkom (“Everything’s Cool”, 2013)

-      Potap & Nastya – Udi-udi (2014)

-      Mozgi – Ayabo (2014)

-      Mozgi – Hlam (“Trash”, 2014)

-      Mozgi – Nozhompo (2015)

-      Potap & Nastya – Bumdigibai (2015)

-      Mozgi - Hit moego leta (“Hit of my Summer”, 2015)

-      Potap & Nastya feat. Bianka – Stil Sobachki (“Doggy Style”, 2015)

-      Mozgi – Vertolet (“Helicopter”, 2015)

-      Potap & Nastya – U mami (“At Mom’s”, 2016)

-      Potap & Nastya – Ya…ya (“Poisonous”, 2017)

-      Mozgi – Atyatya (2017)

-      PTP feat. Potap – Sleza (“A Tear”, 2012)

-      Potap & Nastya – RuRuRu (2013)

-      Arkady Laikin feat Pozitiff – Seksualnii (“Sexy”, 2013)

-      Potap & Nastya – Vmeste (“Together”, 2013)

-      Vremya I Steklo - #kAroche (“#kEeoitshort”, 2013)

-      Aleksandr Kogan – Kto pridumal mir (“Who invented the world?”, 2013)

-      Potap & Nastya – Udi-udi (2014)

-      Mozgi – Ayabo (2014)

-


texts:
    Mozgi – Hlam (“Trash”, 2014)

-      Zara – Schastie nad zemlei (“Happiness larger than the Earth”, 2014)

-      Vremya I steklo – Imya 505 (“Name 505”, 2015)

-      Vremya I steklo – Pesnya 404 (“Song 404”, 2015)

-      Mozgi – Nozhompo (2015)

-      Potap & Nastya – Bumdigibai (2015)

-      Mozgi - Hit moego leta (“Hit of my Summer”, 2015)

-      Potap & Nastya feat.Bianka – Stil Sobachki (“Doggy Style”, 2015)

-      Mozgi – Vertolet (“Helicopter”, 2015)

-      Vremya I Steklo – Naverno potomu chto (“Maybe Because”, 2016)

-      Potap & Nastya – U mami (“At Mom’s”, 2016)

-      Potap & Nastya – Ya…ya (“Poisonous”, 2017)

-      Vremya I Steklo – Na stile (“Stylish”, 2017)

-      PTP


texts:
Dr <mask> (CPsychol), DPsych, MBPsS, MBACP, BA (Hons), MSc, (; born 28 November 1964) is a Welsh journalist and current affairs presenter, best known for her work with the BBC. She is also a Chartered Counselling Psychologist registered with the Health & Care Professionals Council. From 2001 until 2012, <mask> regularly presented weekday editions of BBC Breakfast as well as all main news bulletins on BBC One. She presented two series of BBC One's discussion programme Sunday Morning Live from 2014 until 2015. Since January 2016, she has been the main presenter of 5 News at 5. In 2012 she began training in Psychology and was awarded a Doctorate of Counselling Psychology in 2021, after working in the NHS and elsewhere. Early life
<mask> was born in Paddington, London, to Welsh parents and was brought up in Eastbourne, East Sussex.Her mother, Katherine Rees, was from Llanelli and had moved to London to become a nurse. <mask>' father was from Swansea, and his family had been farmers in Glamorgan. He was a journalist, working first in print and later in radio. She gained a BA in English and History from Oxford Polytechnic (now Oxford Brookes University), studied critical journalistic writing at the University of Rhode Island, and graduated with a first-class MSc in Psychology from the University of Westminster. In 2012 <mask> began training in Psychology and was awarded a Doctorate of Counselling Psychology in 2021 from City, University of London, after working in the NHS and elsewhere. Career
<mask> joined the BBC in 1985 and began working as a reporter and producer for BBC Local Radio stations in Liverpool, Sheffield, Leeds and Manchester. From 1990 to 1997, she was editor for BBC Radio 4's The World at One and PM programmes.<mask> was also a programme editor for a number of news and election specials across Radio 4 and BBC Radio 5 Live. Prior to the channel's launch in 1997, <mask> joined BBC News 24 as

masks:
Sian Mary Williams
Williams
Williams
Williams
Williams
Williams
Williams
Williams


texts: an output editor. During screen tests for potential presenters, one applicant became unwell and <mask> was asked to step into the role. Producers were impressed with her performance and they offered her the prime presenting slot of 4:00 pm to 7:00 pm alongside Gavin Esler. She remained with the channel for nearly two years before joining BBC One's Six O'Clock News in 1999 as Special Correspondent. She became a relief presenter of the bulletin and in 2001 she became its main Friday presenter during Fiona Bruce's maternity leave. <mask> also became a main presenter of the BBC One weekend news bulletins.<mask> joined BBC Breakfast on 12 January 2001 as a relief presenter, initially presenting on Friday–Sunday alongside Darren Jordon, to cover for main presenter, Sarah Montague, and then later with Jeremy Bowen, to cover for Sophie Raworth. She also regularly deputised on both the Six O'Clock News and the One O'Clock News during this period. In 2004, <mask> covered for Raworth on the Six O'Clock News during her maternity leave, co-presenting with George Alagiah, and the following year, reported from Sri Lanka and Thailand on the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and from Pakistan on the Kashmir earthquake. In May 2005 she was confirmed as the main female presenter of BBC Breakfast, presenting initially with Dermot Murnaghan and then Bill Turnbull from 2008. <mask> left BBC Breakfast on 15 March 2012 after the programme's production team was relocated to Salford. In 2012 she rejoined BBC Radio 4 to co-present Saturday Live. <mask> has presented programmes outside of news and current affairs including The One Show, Big Welsh Challenge, Now You're Talking and City Hospital.In 2010, <mask> was a reporter for Watchdog. In 2013, she hosted Your Money, Their Tricks with Nicky Campbell and Rebecca Wilcox. <mask> also presented a three-part interview series for BBC One Wales titled The Sian <mask> Interview featuring

masks: Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams


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 Tanni Grey-Thompson, Suzanne Packer and Siân Phillips. In June 2014, <mask> became the new presenter of Sunday Morning Live, BBC One's religious and ethical debating programme. She presented the programme for two series before stepping down and being replaced by Naga Munchetty in June 2016. On 5 November 2015, <mask> announced she would be leaving the BBC to become the new main presenter of 5 News. She presented her first 5 News bulletin on 4 January 2016.From 2017 to 2021 she co-presented Save Money: Good Health alongside Ranj Singh on ITV. and 'Secrets of your Supermarket Food on C5. Since 2021 <mask> has presented a dedicated weekly mental health slot on 5 News called ‘Mind Matters with Dr <mask>’, bringing positive awareness to issues like autism, ADHD, anxiety and depression. Other work
<mask> was president of TRIC (Television and Radio Industries Club) for 2008–09 and won the title of Best Presenter in 2012 and 2013. She became an Honorary Fellow of the University of Cardiff in July 2012. and was awarded the title of Doctor of Arts of Oxford Brookes University in 2017 in recognition of her outstanding contribution to the pursuit of academic excellence. In 2012, she began studying for a master's degree in Psychology at the University of Westminster, specialising in the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder on journalists and reporters and graduated with Distinction in 2014. In 2016, <mask> wrote a critically acclaimed book on dealing with adversity; Rise: Surviving and Thriving after Trauma.In 2018, she began studying for a Doctorate in Counselling Psychology at City, University of London. She completed this training in 2021 after working for the NHS and elsewhere. From 2021 she has also been referred to in the media as 'Dr Sian'. Personal life
In February 1991, <mask> married Neale Hunt, a former director of advertising firm McCann Erickson, with whom she had two sons. Following the

masks: Williams Williams Williams Sian Williams Williams Williams


texts:
 couple's divorce, <mask> married Paul Woolwich in 2006 and gave birth to her third son in October 2006, later disclosing in an interview that she received two litres of blood following complications. <mask> gave birth to a daughter in March 2009. <mask> ran the 2001 New York City Marathon and spent several days recovering in hospital from hyponatraemia.After several years not participating in running, she completed the Virgin London Marathon in 2013 and 2018. During filming for the BBC's Coming Home in November 2010, <mask> discovered she was the first member of her family to have been born outside Wales in 350 years of her known family tree. Health
In May 2016, <mask> revealed she had undergone a double mastectomy after being diagnosed with breast cancer. The Channel 5 newsreader told Woman and Home magazine that she was diagnosed in 2014, a week after her 50th birthday. She said she had always thought she was healthy as she "did all the right things - I was a green tea drinker, a salmon eater, a runner". She said her main fear was not seeing her two youngest children grow up. Filmography
City Hospital
BBC Breakfast (2001–2012) – Co-presenter
Watchdog (2010) – Reporter
Crimewatch (2012, 2015) – Stand-in presenter
Your Money Their Tricks (2013) – Co-presenter
The <mask> <mask> Interview – Presenter
Sunday Morning Live (2014–2015) – Presenter
5 News at 5 (2016–present) – Anchor
Save Money: Lose Weight (2017) – Co-presenter
Save Money: Good Health (2017–present) – Co-presenter
Secrets of Your Supermarket Food (2018–present) - Presenter

References

External links
 Official website

<mask> <mask> at BBC News Online

1964 births
5 News presenters and reporters
Alumni of Liverpool John Moores University
Alumni of Oxford Brookes University
BBC newsreaders and journalists
Living people
People from Paddington
People from Southwark
Welsh journalists
Welsh-speaking journalists
Psychotherapists
British

masks: Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Sian Williams Sian Williams


texts:
<mask> (born ) is an American author, songwriter and record producer who is best known as a historian of U.S. popular music. He is the author of 28 books, most of them related to country music; they include biographies of performers like Eddy Arnold, Roger Miller, Merle Haggard and Gene Autry. He is a special correspondent for Billboard magazine, a book reviewer for  MusicRow magazine, and editor for trade magazines Record World and Cashbox . <mask> was a consultant for Ken Burns' documentary miniseries Country Music. He is a Curb Professor of Music Industry History at Belmont University in Nashville, where his former students include Brad Paisley and Chris Young. He is a frequent contributor of liner notes for prominent recording artists and has contributed various encyclopedia entries, magazine articles, and  book chapters. Early life
<mask> was born in the southern Maryland town of Leonardtown, the county seat of St. Mary's County, and attended Chopticon High School.He said he loved country music since he was a small boy and at age 16 he played country music in a local band. His first job was working for a local weekly newspaper in Maryland called The Enterprise . He attended St. Mary's College and graduated from the University of Maryland, College Park in 1972. He had started there as a business major but changed to journalism. After college, he moved to Nashville with hopes of being a songwriter but became frustrated by his

masks:
Don Cusic
Cusic
Cusic


texts:
 lack of success in the first couple of years. In a 1974 newspaper interview, <mask> recounted the difficulties was having at the time, saying "My plans haven't worked out like I thought they would, but at least I've got a foot in the industry and who knows what could happen". His "foot in the industry" was a reference to his landing a job in public relations in 1973 at the Country Music Association.Ironically, one of his duties there was returning tapes and lyrics of songs submitted by hopeful songwriters. Career

As a staff writer at the Country Music Association in 1973, he became immersed in Nashville's music scene. He eventually became country and gospel editor for two trade magazines, Record World and later Cashbox. <mask> said, "The trade magazines were really important at that time as a connection to the gatekeepers...you come in off the street knowing nobody and, when you're with a trade magazine, you're talking to the heads of [record] labels the next day...that's how I learned the music industry, really". He became a book reviewer for  MusicRow Magazine and a special correspondent for Billboard. In 1977 he became head of artist development and international liaison for Monument Records and partnered with Dan Beck as an artist manager for Riders In The Sky and Dickie Lee. By the early 1980s he felt himself drying up as a writer and enrolled in graduate courses at Middle Tennessee State University obtaining a Master's

masks: Cusic Cusic


texts: degree (1982) and a Doctor of Arts degree (1988).He accepted a faculty position at Middle Tennessee State University's Recording Industry Management Program in 1982 and in 1987 hosted a television show called "The Music Biz " as a part of the university's curriculum. His first book (1988) was a biography of Sandi Patty, a Christian music artist. <mask> subsequently wrote biographies of country artists Eddy Arnold, Roger Miller, Elvis Presley, Gene Autry, Riders in the Sky, Randy Travis and Reba McEntire. His 2008 book, Discovering Country Music , is a history of the genre as well as an overview of the industry. He wrote biographical essays and edited books of the lyrics of Hank Williams, Merle Haggard, Johnny Cash and Willie Nelson. <mask> wrote The Beatles and Country Music, Baseball and Country Music, and Winston Churchill's Love of Music in addition to America and the American Recording Business, an overview of the recording industry. His book, Saved by Song: A History of Gospel and Christian Music (2012), was one of the first historical overviews of contemporary Christian music.In addition to his works about music, Cusic wrote  biographies of two African-Americans, James Weldon Johnson: Songwriter and The Trials of Henry Flipper, First Black Graduate of West Point. He has written two novels, Sharecropper's Son and a historical novel Dressed in Grey & Blue. Cusic wrote liner notes on albums by Dolly Parton, Willie Nelson,


texts: George Jones, Ray Stevens, Bobby Bare,  Eddy Arnold, The Oak Ridge Boys,  Sonny James, Gary Paxton, George Beverly Shea, Sheb Wooley, Floyd Cramer, Skeeter Davis,  Roy Drusky and others. He has also written liner notes for Sun Records 60th Anniversary Box Set ; Word Gold: Five Decades of Hits ; and Lift Every Voice: A Historical Collection of James Weldon Johnson Songs. Cusic's songs have been recorded by Bobby Bare, Jeannie Seely, Chris LeDoux, Ray Stevens, Jim Ed Brown and others. He produced the Bobby Bare Album, Darker Than Light  and a collection of James Weldon Johnson songs performed by Melinda Doolittle. In his career as a record Producer Cusic produced albums by Jim Ed Brown and Jeannie Seely and recordings by Peter Noone and Mandy Barnett.In 1994, he accepted a position as Professor of Music Business at Belmont University in Nashville. Two of his former students there were Chris Young and Brad Paisley. In 2006 he received a Curb Professorship endowed by the Mike Curb Foundation. <mask> was a consultant on Ken Burns' documentary miniseries Country Music. In this role, <mask> and other country music scholars, working over several days, sat with Burns and viewed the preliminary footage critiquing what should be included and verifying the material. <mask> appeared a number of times on CMT programs, including the "Controversy" series, "Greatest Patriotic Songs," "Waiting in the Wings: African-Americans in Country Music "

masks: Cusic Cusic Cusic


texts:
 and others; he appeared on a number of TNN shows, including "Life and Times of Eddy Arnold" and the A&E Biography Series (on Hank Williams). He also appeared on the BBC series "Lost Highway: The History of Country Music" and “White Gospel.”  He has appeared in three films, Country Gold, Wish Me Away, the story of Chely Wright and Country: Portrait of a Music.<mask>, along with Shannon Pollard and Cheetah Chrome is the founder of Plowboy Records, which began in 2012 as a heritage label as well as contemporary rock. <mask> served as the label's director of special projects. <mask> is the founder of the Belmont Book Award, given annually for the best book on country music. It is presented during the International Country Music Conference which has been held at Belmont University since 1998. Previous recipients include Robert Helman (2014) for Johnny Cash: The Life ; and Peter Guarlnick (2016) for Sam Phillips: The Man Who Invented Rock 'n' Roll. <mask> is co-host of the conference and  is editor of the International Country Music Journal. As of 2018, his latest book is Nashville Sound: An Illustrated Timeline.It is an extensively illustrated work that follows the development of the music industry in Nashville from the nineteenth century until modern times. Writings

Books
2018: Nashville Sound: An Illustrated Timeline  Reedy Press
2018: America and the American Record Business  Brackish Publishing
2018:  Winston Churchill's

masks: Cusic Cusic Cusic Cusic


texts:
 Love of Music Brackish Publishing
2017:  Living the Business by Mike Curb with <mask>, Brackish Publishing
2016: Hank Williams: The Singer and The Songs  Brackish Publishing
2016: Buried Roots of Early Days: Bluegrass and Old Time Country Music (editor). Brackish Publishing
2014: Ray Stevens Nashville (editor)
2013: James Weldon Johnson: Songwriter. Brackish Publishing. 2012: Roger Miller: Dang Him. Brackish Publishing. 2012: Elvis and Nashville.Brackish Publishing. 2012: Saved by Song: A History of Gospel and Christian Music. University Press of Mississippi
2012: Dress in Grey & Blue: Walter Duncan's Memoirs and History of Nashville During the Civil War. Brackish Publishing. 2011: Sharecropper's Son (Novel). Brackish Publishing. 2011: The Cowboy in Country Music: An historical Survey with Artist Profiles.Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. 2010: Encyclopedia of Contemporary Christian Music: Pop, Rock, and Worship (Editor). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood Press. 2009: The Trials of Henry Flipper. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. 2008: Discovering Country Music. New York: Praeger.2007: Gene Autry: his life and career. Jefferson, North Carolina:  McFarland & Company
2004: Johnny Cash: the Songs. New York: Thunder's Mouth, a division of Avalon. 2003: Baseball and Country Music. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. 2003: It's the Cowboy Way: the amazing true adventures of Riders in


texts:
 the Sky. Lexington, KY:  University Press of Kentucky.2002: Merle Haggard: Poet of the Common Man. New York: Hal Leonard. 2002: The Sound of Light: a history of Gospel and Christian music. New York: Hal Leonard. 1997: Eddy Arnold: I'll Hold You in My Heart. Nashville, Tennessee: Rutledge Hill. 1996: Music in the Market.Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press. 1995: Willie Nelson: Lyrics 1957-1994. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1994: Cowboys and the Wild West: an A-Z guide from the Chisholm Trail to the Silver Screen. New York: Facts on File. 1993: Hank Williams: the Complete Lyrics. New York: St. Martin's Press.1991: The Poet as Performer. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America. 1991: Reba: Country Music's Queen. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1990: Randy Travis: the King of the New Country Traditionalists. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1988: Sandi Patti: the Voice of Gospel.New York: Doubleday. Book Chapters
2019: "Rubes, rednecks, and Novelty Songs: The Comedic Tradition in Country Music." In The Routledge Companion to Popular Music and Humor ed by Thomas Kitts and Nick Baxter-Moore, Routledge Press
2008: "Cowboys in Chicago". In: Chad Berry (ed.) The Hayloft Gang: the story of the National Barn Dance. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 2007: "Music".In: Gary Hoppenstand, gen. ed. ; Michael Schoenecke, vol. ed. The Greenwood Encyclopedia of World Popular Culture', Westport, CT: Greenwood;


texts:
 (p. 25). 2007: "Johnny Cash and C. S. Lewis". In: Bob Batchelor (ed.)Literary Cash, Dallas, Texas: BenBella Books; (pp. 179–187). 2006: "Loretta Lynn". In: Dennis and Susan Hall (eds.) Icons. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. 2006: "Johnny Cash".In: Dennis and Susan Hall (eds.) Icons. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. 2005: "Gene Autry in World War II". In Charles Wolfe and James Akenson (Ed.) Country Goes to War. Lexington, KY:  University Press of Kentucky.2002: "The Development of Gospel Music". In: Allan Moore (ed.) Cambridge Companion to Blues and Gospel Music. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 1999: "Baseball and Country Music". In: Peter M. Rutkoff and Alvin Hall (eds.) The Cooperstown Symposium: 1999.Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland. 1998: "Country Green: the money in Country Music". In: Cecelia Tichi (ed.) Reading Country Music: steel guitars, Opry stars, and honky tonk bars. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. Selected Articles

2015: "Richard Weize and Bear Family Records: A History." International Country Music Journal.2016: "Country Music and Progressive Politics: Singing Cowboys, FDR and the New Deal." International Country Musical Journal. 2016: "A Brief History of Music Row." International Country Music Journal. 2017: "Kris Kristofferson: Soldier of Song." International Country Music Journal. 2017: "<mask> and Country Music.International Country Music Journal. 2019: "Chicago Country: Country Music in Chicago


texts:
 1924-1971." International Country Music Journal. Encyclopedia entries
2006: The American Gospel Music Encyclopedia. ed. William K. McNeil. Routledge Press.2004: Encyclopedia of the Great Plains, ed. David J. Wishart, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press
2003: Encyclopedia of Protestantism; ed. Hans J. Hillerbrand. New York: Routledge. 2001: Guide to United States Popular Culture; ed. Ray B. Browne and Pat Browne. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press.1998: The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History & Culture; a project of the Tennessee Historical Society, ed. Carroll Van West. Nashville, Tenn.: Tennessee Historical Society; Rutledge Hill Press. 1998: Encyclopedia of Country Music; ed. Paul Kingsbury. New York: Oxford University Press. References

External links
Official Website
Michigan State University profile
Credits at Allmusic.com
Selections at MusicRow.com
<mask> Interview NAMM Oral History Library (2018)

Living people
American country singer-songwriters
Music historians
University of Maryland, College Park alumni
Year of birth missing (living


texts:
"Professor<mask> (July 29, 1914 – February 6, 2017) was an American stand-up comic, film actor and activist, often billed as "The World's Foremost Authority". He introduced his unscripted, improvisational style of stand-up comedy at the San Francisco club the hungry i. Lenny Bruce described <mask> as "one of the most brilliant comedians of all time." Biography
<mask> was born on , in Brooklyn, New York. Poverty-stricken after his father deserted the family, his mother was forced to place him and his five siblings in the Hebrew Orphan Asylum of New York, where <mask> remained until his early teens. He then rode in boxcars out to California, and enrolled himself at Belmont High School in Los Angeles. During the Great Depression he worked for the Civilian Conservation Corps and, while working his way back East, became a featherweight Golden Gloves boxing champion. <mask> supported Communist/Socialist left-wing politics."He appeared in support of Cuban children, Mumia Abu-Jamal, and the American Communist Party, and was blacklisted in the 1950s, the effects of which he stated lingered throughout his life. (<mask> never returned to Late Night with David Letterman after his first appearance in 1982, which he claimed was a result of the blacklist still being in effect.) During the 1960 election, <mask> campaigned for president on Hugh Hefner's Playboy ticket. During the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries, <mask> endorsed Vermont United States Senator Bernie Sanders for the nomination and presidency. <mask> was a frequent guest on The Tonight Show hosted by Johnny Carson during the late 1960s and early 1970s. When the publicity-shy Thomas Pynchon won the National Book Award Fiction Citation for Gravity's Rainbow in 1974, he asked <mask> to accept it on his behalf. The New York Times described the resulting speech as "… a series of bad jokes and mangled syntax which left some people roaring with laughter and others perplexed."In the Robert A. Heinlein science fiction novel Friday, the eponymous heroine says

At one time

masks:
" Irwin Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey


texts:
 there really was a man known as "the World's Greatest Authority." I ran across him in trying to nail down one of the many silly questions that kept coming at me from odd sources. Like this: Set your terminal to "research." Punch parameters in succession "North American culture," "English-speaking," "mid-twentieth century," "comedians," "the World's Greatest Authority." The answer you can expect is "Professor <mask>." You'll find his routines timeless humor. For an October 2011 interview, <mask> invited a New York Times reporter to visit his 1840 carriage house on East 36th Street.<mask> estimated its resale value at $3.5 million. He said that, when not performing, he panhandled for change from motorists exiting the Queens–Midtown Tunnel. Every few months, he told the interviewer, he donated the money to a group that purchased medical supplies for Cuban children. He said of the drivers who supplied the cash, "I don't tell them where the money's going, and I'm sure they don't care." Irvin Arthur, <mask>'s agent for half a century, assured the reporter that <mask> did not need the money for himself. "This is not about money," Arthur said. "For <mask>, this is an extension of his performing."In his memoir, Phoning Home, Jacob M. Appel cites a personal encounter with <mask> on a street in New York City as the basis for his novel, The Man Who Wouldn't Stand Up. Career

Comedy
In 1938, <mask> returned to New York, where he got a job writing and performing in Pins and Needles, a musical comedy revue about a union organizer in the "garment district". He claimed that he was fired from this job for his union organizing activities. Five years later, he was working in New Faces of 1943 and appearing at the Village Vanguard, doing his stand-up comedy routine. He was drafted during World War II, but was discharged after six months, after he claimed he convinced an Army psychiatrist that he was a homosexual. From the late 1940s, <mask> cultivated his "Professor" character. Dressed in seedy formal wear and sneakers, with his bushy hair

masks:
Irwin Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey
Irwin
Corey
Corey
Corey


texts: sprouting in all directions, <mask> would amble on stage in a preoccupied manner, then begin his monologue with "However …" He created a new style of double-talk comedy; instead of making up nonsense words like "krelman" and "trilloweg", like double-talker Al Kelly, the Professor would season his speech with many long and florid, but authentic, words.The professor would then launch into observations about anything under the sun, but seldom actually making sense. However … we all know that protocol takes precedence over procedures. This parliamentary point of order based on the state of inertia of developing a centrifugal force issued as a catalyst rather than as a catalytic agent, and hastens a change reaction and remains an indigenous brier to its inception. This is a focal point used as a tangent so the bile is excreted through the pancreas. Changing topics suddenly, <mask> would wander around the stage, pontificating all the while. His quick wit allowed him to hold his own against the most stubborn straight man, heckler or interviewer. One fan of <mask>'s comedy, despite their radically different politics, was Ayn Rand.Theatre critic Kenneth Tynan wrote of the Professor in The New Yorker, "<mask> is a cultural clown, a parody of literacy, a travesty of all that our civilization holds dear, and one of the funniest grotesques in America. He is Chaplin's tramp with a college education". <mask> frequently appeared at the hungry i nightclub in the '50s and '60s, and remained the favorite comedian of club owner Enrico Banducci. <mask> appeared with Banducci, Mort Sahl, Jonathan Winters,  Bill Cosby, Jackie Vernon, and Maya Angelou in a 1981 televised tribute to the hungry i entitled The hungry i Reunion on PBS. In 1975, <mask> gave a typically long-winded, nonsensical performance in New York City for journalists waiting for the Rolling Stones to announce the band's 1975 Tour of the Americas. The press was still listening to <mask> ramble on when they finally noticed that the Stones were playing "Brown Sugar" on a flatbed truck

masks: Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey


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 driving down Fifth Avenue. Broadway
In 1951, <mask> appeared as "Abou Ben Atom", the Genie, in the cult flop Broadway musical Flahooley along with Yma Sumac, the Bil and Cora Baird Marionettes and Barbara Cook (in her Broadway debut).<mask>'s performance of "Springtime Cometh" can be heard on the show's original cast album. Film and television
<mask> appeared occasionally in 1950s television as a character actor. He appeared in an episode of The Phil Silvers Show titled "Bilko's Grand Hotel", in which <mask> plays an unkempt Bowery bum being passed off as a hotelier by Sgt. Bilko. The Professor was a frequent guest comic on variety shows and a guest panelist on game shows during the 1960s and 1970s. <mask> became so synonymous with comic erudition that, when a Providence, Rhode Island television station, WJAR-TV, wanted a spokesman to explain changes in network affiliations, <mask> got the job. Lecturing with pointer in hand, <mask> manipulated magnetic signs to demonstrate how television schedules would be disrupted.By the end of the commercial, the visual aids were in shambles and the professor had meandered from his original point. <mask> would do the same promos for WTMJ-TV in Milwaukee in 1977 during the time that rival stations WITI and WISN-TV switched affiliations. <mask> often appeared on The Steve Allen Show (1962–1964), whereupon he would end his rambling stand-up routine with Allen and stage hands literally chasing <mask> with a giant butterfly net. He later guest starred on The Donald O'Connor Show in 1968. <mask> appeared in various Broadway productions, including as a gravedigger in a production of Hamlet. In 2009, filmmaker Jordan Stone began filming what was to become an award-winning documentary film called Irwin & Fran. Political activist and fellow stand-up comedian Dick Gregory shared some in-depth and provocative memories and Academy Award-winning actress Susan Sarandon narrated in a very personal tone.The film won The People's Film Festival Best Film Award in 2013. Personal life and death
<mask> was

masks: Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey Corey


texts:
 married for 70 years to Frances Berman <mask>, who died in May 2011. The couple had two children, the late Margaret Davis, née <mask>, an actress, and <mask>, a painter. Their two grandsons are Amadeo <mask> and <mask>. <mask> turned 100 in July 2014. In 2011, the New York Times reported that <mask> was still performing, and also had been soliciting change from drivers near his Manhattan residence as they drove in from the Midtown Tunnel, in exchange for cleaning their windshields with a "squeegee," and donating the money to Cuban children. His agent said that <mask> was not in financial distress, and a neighbor described it as a performance.<mask> died at the age of 102 on February 6, 2017, at his apartment in Manhattan with his son, Richard, at his side. Filmography
How to Commit Marriage (1969) – The Baba Ziba
Fore Play (1975) – Professor <mask>
Car Wash (1976) – The Mad Bomber
Thieves (1977) – Joe Kaminsky (reprising his stage role)
Chatterbox! (1977) – Himself
Fairy Tales (1979) – Dr. Eyes
The Comeback Trail (1982) – Himself
Stuck on You! (1982) – Judge Gabriel
Crackers (1984) – Lazzarelli
That's Adequate (1989) – D.W. Godilla
Jack (1996) – Poppy
I'm Not Rappaport (1996) – Sol
The Curse of the Jade Scorpion (2001) – <mask> & Fran (2013) – Himself

References

External links

 National Book Awards speech
 New York Press: "Who Am the World's Foremost Authority?" "Cinema Retro covers Prof. <mask>'s 95th birthday party at The Players club" (2009)
An Interview with <mask>, September 2013

1914 births
2017 deaths
Male actors from New York City
Jewish American male actors
American male film actors
American stand-up comedians
Military personnel from New York City
United States Army personnel of World War II
Civilian Conservation Corps people
Sportspeople from Brooklyn
United States Army soldiers
American centenarians
American male boxers
Comedians from New York City
Jewish American male comedians
20th-century American comedians
21st-century American comedians
Boxers from New York City
Men centenarians
21st-century

masks:
Corey
Corey
Richard Corey
Corey
Corey Meister
Irwin Corey
Corey
Corey
Corey
Irwin Corey
Charlie Irwin
Irwin Corey
Irwin Corey


texts:
Brigadier General <mask><mask> (born August 23, 1963) is a retired senior officer of the United States Air Force. He served as the Deputy Commander, Operations and Interagency Integration, Joint Functional Component Command for Space, United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM), and the Director for Mission Operations, National Reconnaissance Office. In this role, he led all Department of Defense space forces aligned with USSTRATCOM and provided tailored, responsive, local and global effects in support of national, USSTRATCOM and combatant commander objectives. As Director for Mission Operations, he led operations for all NRO overhead reconnaissance systems, ground stations, operational communications, and the operations center used to conduct intelligence activities essential for the national security of the United States and its allies. <mask> is the first United States Air Force general of Filipino descent. He retired from the air force on August 1, 2012. Early life
<mask> was born in Cavite, Philippines, at Sangley Point Naval Air Station, where his father was on active duty in the United States Coast Guard.He graduated from Amador Valley High School in 1981. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant from the United States Air Force Academy in 1985. Military career
<mask> gained extensive space operations experience working with United States Space Command, Air Force Space Command, 14th Air Force, the National Reconnaissance Office and Central Air Forces. He is a graduate of the Space Warfare Center's Space Tactics School. Additionally, he has supported the President and First Lady as a White House social aide. <mask> commanded the 614th Space Operations Squadron at Vandenberg AFB, California; NRO Operations Group at Onizuka Air Force Station, California; Space Operations Wing at the Aerospace Data Facility, Buckley AFB, Colorado; and 50th Space Wing, Schriever AFB, Colorado. He has also served as the Director of Space Forces while deployed to Southwest Asia for operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom.

masks:
Cary C
. Chun
Chun
Chun
Chun
Chun


texts:
<mask> (May 6, 1902 – October 2, 1981) was an American writer and newspaper publisher. Early life
<mask> was born Herschel Goldhirsch (or <mask>) in the shtetl Mikulintsy, Ukraine, then part of Austria-Hungary. His mother Nuchama (nee Klein)
was Romanian and his father Leib was Austrian. In 1904 Leib Goldhirsch, a former Hebrew teacher, emigrated to Winnipeg, Manitoba, only to move the family to New York City the next year and "became an editor of the Jewish Daily Forward." For a time, <mask> worked as a newspaper seller on the Lower East Side and could remember shouting out headlines about the Leo Frank case about which he later wrote a book. As a teenager, he became interested in Georgism, and later spoke on its behalf. He became a stockbroker but lost his job in the 1929 stock market crash.Convicted of mail fraud because he had held onto funds entrusted and thereby caused a loss to investors, <mask> served four years in a Federal prison at Atlanta, Georgia and, decades later President Richard M. Nixon gave  <mask> a full presidential pardon for the mail fraud conviction. Desegregation
In 1941, he moved to Charlotte, where, as a reporter for the Charlotte Labor Journal and The Charlotte Observer, he wrote about and spoke out against racial segregation and the Jim Crow laws of the time. From 1942 to 1968, <mask> published The Carolina Israelite as a forum, not just for his political views but also observations and reminiscences of his boyhood in New York's Lower East Side. He traveled widely: in 1960 to speak to Jews in West Germany and

masks:
Harry Lewis Golden
Golden
Goldenhurst
Harry
Golden
Golden
Golden


texts:
 again to cover the 1961 trial of Adolf Eichmann in Israel for Life. He is referenced in the lyrics to Phil Ochs' song, "Love Me, I'm a Liberal": "You know, I've memorized Lerner and <mask>." His satirical "The Vertical Negro Plan," involved removing the chairs from any to-be-integrated building, since Southern whites did not mind standing with blacks such as at bank tellers' windows, only sitting with them. <mask> reportedly convinced a southern department store manager to put an "Out of Order" sign by the water fountain marked White; within three weeks all were drinking from the Colored-designated drinking fountain.Calvin Trillin devised the Harry Golden Rule, which states that "in present-day America it's very difficult, when commenting on events of the day, to invent something so bizarre that it might not actually come to pass while your piece is still on the presses." <mask>'s books include three collections of essays from the Israelite and a biography of his friend, poet Carl Sandburg. One of those collections, Only in America, was the basis for a play by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee. He also maintained a correspondence with Billy Graham. Personal
His Irish Catholic wife, the former Genevieve Gallagher, had predeceased him. Critical attention
Theodore Solotaroff addressed the "<mask> phenomenon" in "Harry Golden & the American Audience" in Commentary magazine, March 1961. Irving Howe compared Philip Roth's early novel Portnoy's Complaint to For 2¢ Plain in a critical review of Roth's novel in Commentary when Complaint was

masks:
Golden
Golden
Golden
Harry Golden


texts:
 published in 1969.Bibliography
 1944-1968: The Carolina Israelite. (Weekly newspaper published in Charlotte, NC)
 1950: (With Martin Rywell) Jews in American History: Their Contributions to the United States of America. (Henry, Martin Lewis Co.)
 1955: Jewish Roots in the Carolinas: A Pattern of American Philo-Semitism. 1958: Only in America. (World Publishing Co.) Republished 1972 by World Publishing Co.
 1958: For 2¢ Plain. (World Publishing Co.) Republished 1976 by Amereon Ltd., . 1960: Enjoy, Enjoy!(World Publishing Co.)
 1961: Carl Sandburg. (World Publishing Co.) Republished 1988 by Univ. of Illinois Press, . 1962: (Martin Levin, Ed.) Five Boyhoods. 1962: You're Entitle. (World Publishing Co.)
 1962: The Harry Golden Omnibus.(Cassell & Co.)
 1962: O. Henry Stories. (Platt & Munk) . 1963: Forgotten Pioneer. (World Publishing Co.)
 1964: Mr. Kennedy and the Negroes. (World Publishing Co.)
 1964: So What Else is New? (G.P. Putnam's)
 1965: A Little Girl is Dead (World Publishing Co., about the Leo Frank case)
 1965: Amerikah Sheli (My America).Hebrew. Selections from Only in America and For 2¢ Plain. (Jerusalem: Steimatzky)
 1966: Ess, Ess, Mein Kindt (Eat, Eat, My Child). (G.P. Putnam's)
 1966: The Lynching of Leo Frank (Cassell & Co., British version of A Little Girl is Dead)
 1967: The Best of <mask>. (World Publishing Co.)*
 1968: The Humor Gazette - Funniest Stories from Country Papers. (Hallmark Editions)
 1969: The Right Time: An Autobiography.(G.P. Putnam's)
 1970: So Long As You're Healthy. (G.P. Putnam's)
 1971: The Israelis:


texts:
 Portrait of a People. (G.P. Putnam's)
 1972: The Golden Book of Jewish Humor. (G.P.Putnam's)
 1972: The Greatest Jewish City in the World. (Doubleday & Co.)
 1973: (With Richard Goldhurst) Travels Through Jewish America. (Doubleday & Co.)
 1974: Our Southern Landsmen. (G.P. Putnam's)
 1975: Long Live Columbus (Leben Zul Columbus). (G.P. Putnam's)
 1981: (Unfinished) America, I Love You.<mask> is honored with a memorial on the central campus of Central Piedmont Community College in Charlotte. References

See also, "Carolina Israelite: How <mask> Made Us Care About Jews, the South, and Civil Rights" by Kimberly Marlowe Hartnett, The University of North Carolina Press, 2015. External links
The Harry Golden Papers-Pt.1 J. Murrey Atkins Library, UNC Charlotte
The <mask> Golden Papers-Pt.2 J. Murrey Atkins Library, UNC Charlotte
Biography of <mask>

1902 births
1981 deaths
People from Terebovlia Raion
People from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Jews from Galicia (Eastern Europe)
Ukrainian Jews
Austro-Hungarian emigrants to the United States
American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
Jewish American writers
American male journalists
20th-century American journalists
Writers from Charlotte, North Carolina
Stockbrokers
American male essayists
20th-century American essayists
20th-century American male writers
American satirists
Jewish anti-racism activists
Activists for African-American civil rights
Jewish American journalists
American people convicted of mail and wire fraud
Recipients of American presidential pardons
20th-century American

masks:
Awards Golden
Harry Golden
Harry
Harry Golden


texts: <mask> (; born 5 December 1969) is a British politician who has been Secretary of State for Health and Social Care since June 2021. He was Home Secretary from 2018 to 2019 and Chancellor of the Exchequer from 2019 to 2020. A member of the Conservative Party, he has been Member of Parliament for Bromsgrove since 2010. Born in Rochdale, Lancashire, to a British Pakistani family, Javid was raised largely in Bristol. He studied Economics and Politics at the University of Exeter, where he joined the Conservative Party. Working in banking, he rose to become a Managing Director at Deutsche Bank. He was elected to the House of Commons in 2010.Under the coalition government of David Cameron he was a Junior Treasury Minister before being promoted to Cameron's Cabinet as Culture Secretary in the 2014 cabinet reshuffle. After the 2015 general election, Cameron promoted Javid to Business Secretary. Javid was a prominent supporter of the unsuccessful Britain Stronger in Europe campaign for the UK to remain in the European Union. Following the 2016 referendum vote to leave the European Union, he went on to serve under Cameron's successor Prime Minister Theresa May, as Communities Secretary from 2016 to 2018. When Amber Rudd resigned as a result of the Windrush scandal in 2018, Javid was appointed as her successor as Home Secretary, becoming the first British Asian to hold one of the great offices of state. After May's resignation, Javid stood for election as leader of the Conservative Party in the 2019 leadership contest, finishing in fourth place. The successful candidate, Boris Johnson, appointed him Chancellor of the Exchequer in his first Cabinet.<mask> resigned as Chancellor during the February 2020 cabinet reshuffle after refusing a demand from

masks:
Sajid Javid
Javid


texts:
 Johnson and his chief adviser Dominic Cummings that he dismiss his advisers. In June 2021, following the resignation of Matt Hancock, he was reappointed to Johnson's cabinet as Health Secretary. This made him a prominent figure in the British government response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. He supported an end to most generalised public health restrictions such as face mask mandates until emergence of the Omicron variant in November 2021, and expanded the vaccination programme. Early life
<mask> was born in Rochdale, Lancashire, one of five sons of Pakistani immigrant parents. His family were farmers from the village of Rajana near Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, from where they migrated to the UK in the 1960s. His father worked as a bus driver.His mother did not speak English until she had been in the UK for ten years. His family moved from Lancashire to Stapleton Road, Bristol, as his parents took over a shop there, and the family lived in a two-bedroom flat above it. Javid is able to hold a conversation in broken Punjabi. As a teenager, Javid developed an interest in financial markets, following the Thatcher government's privatisations. He says that, at the age of fourteen, he borrowed £500 from a bank to invest in shares and became a regular reader of the Financial Times. From 1981 to 1986, Javid attended Downend School, a state comprehensive near Bristol. At school it was recommended that he should be a TV repairman.Javid has said he was told that he could not study maths at O Level so he had to get his father to pay for it. When he later witnessed a video showing an assault on a Syrian refugee, he remarked that it was reminiscent of bullying he had experienced at school; Javid said he faced racial abuse when younger,


texts:
 being called a 'Paki', and having faced abuse from "National Front skinheads". Speaking in 2014, Javid said that while at school: "I was naughty, more interested in watching Grange Hill than homework". After being told by his school that he could only study two A Levels when he believed he needed three to go to university, Javid subsequently attended Filton Technical College from 1986 to 1988, and finally the University of Exeter from 1988 to 1991, completing a BA in economics and politics. Javid was a trustee of the London Early Years Foundation, a governor of Normand Croft Community School, and has led an expedition to the summit of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, the highest mountain in Africa, to show his support of Help the Aged. Early political activism
At university, he joined the Conservative Party. In 1990, aged 20, Javid attended the annual Conservative Party Conference for the first time and campaigned against the Thatcher government's decision that year to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM).He was handing out leaflets against the policy when he first met TV presenter Jeremy Paxman. He has since stated that Paxman first interviewed him at that same conference. From 1992 until 1996, he lived in New York City and rose to become the youngest Vice-President of Chase Manhattan Bank and during this period, he had a spell as an aide to Republican nominee Rudy Giuliani's success in the 1993 New York mayoral campaign. In 1998, <mask> was selected as prospective Parliamentary candidate for Brent North. However, he later withdrew. He worked as an adviser to Conservative MP Gary Streeter, the then Shadow Secretary of State for International Development. Banking career
Javid had an 18-year City career, during which he rose to


texts:
 become a Board member of Deutsche Bank International.<mask> joined Chase Manhattan Bank in New York City immediately after graduation, working mostly in South America and overselling Mexican government bonds prior to the Mexican peso crisis. Aged 25, he became a vice president. A 2012 article says he was vice-chairman, although his own website, among others, affirms the more probable claim that he was a vice-President, a more junior role at the bank. He returned to London in 1997, and later joined Deutsche Bank as a director in 2000. In 2004, he became a managing director at Deutsche Bank and, the following year, global head of Emerging Markets Structuring. In 2007, he relocated to Singapore as head of Deutsche Bank's credit trading, equity convertibles, commodities and private equity businesses in Asia, and was appointed a board member of Deutsche Bank International Limited. He left Deutsche Bank in 2009 to pursue a career in politics.His earnings at Deutsche Bank would have been roughly £3 million a year at the time he left and the Evening Standard once estimated his career change would have required him to take a 98% pay cut. Political career

Member of Parliament
On 28 May 2009, the sitting MP for Bromsgrove, Julie Kirkbride, announced that she would be standing down at the next general election in light of the expenses scandal; Kirkbride had represented the constituency since 1997. Her resignation was confirmed in December 2009, after she attempted to withdraw it. After a selection contest held by the Bromsgrove Conservative Association on 6 February 2010, in which he received over 70% of the votes cast by its members, <mask> was announced as the official Conservative Party parliamentary candidate for the 2010 general election. The

masks: Javid Javid


texts:
 other candidates up for selection included Ruth Davidson and Tina Stowell. On 6 May 2010, Javid received 22,558 votes, winning the seat by a majority of 11,308 votes. In terms of the number of votes cast in the constituency, this was an increase on the majority of 10,080 at the previous general election, though was a reduction when compared both to the actual number of votes his predecessor had received (24,387) and to the Conservatives' percentage share of the vote (43.7% versus 51.0% in 2005).The constituency's boundaries had reformed prior to the election. In 2019 general election, Javid received 34,408 votes and was returned as the MP for Bromsgrove, receiving 63.4% of the vote and increasing his already sizeable majority to 23,106 over Labour. Political recognition
According to former Foreign Secretary Jack Straw, those MPs first elected in 2010 "are the best new MPs for over thirty years", and he identified Javid as one of six Conservative MPs that he believed had "already made an impact in the first term". Javid was also one of six new MPs profiled by the Financial Times, and was named as the Newcomer of 2010 by the ConservativeHome blog. In an analysis of the 2010 intake of MPs by Westminster consultancy firm Guide Public Affairs, Guide to the Next Prime Minister, published in August 2011, Javid ranked third, and was the top-scoring Conservative. In October 2012, Iain Dale in The Daily Telegraph included Javid in his list of "Top 100 most influential figures from the Right". Dale wrote: "His fast rise up the greasy pole into George Osborne's inner circle is not only proof of this man's ambition but also his talent."Nicholas Watt in The Guardian also suggested that Javid could rise to the top. In The Times 2014 right-wing power


texts:
 list, Javid moved up 18 places to #8, with the article stating that he had emerged "as the senior member of the 2010 intake" and that if "the Tories want to jump a generation, then a Javid leadership candidacy would provide the opportunity." The 2014 GG2 Power List ranked Javid as the most influential British Asian, and, at the accompanying GG2 Leadership Awards event on 5 November 2014, then-Prime Minister David Cameron described Javid as "the brilliant Asian man who I asked to join the Cabinet" and stated that "I want to hear that title 'Prime Minister' followed by a British Asian name." In July 2014, Forbes magazine compared Javid to Barack Obama and suggested that Javid could become the next Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. In January 2015, Javid was awarded the Politician of the Year award at the British Muslim Awards. In November 2017, <mask> <mask> won Patchwork Foundation's MP of the Year Award. In June 2018, a polling of Tory activists on ConservativeHome showed Javid was popular as a potential party leader.The poll is seen as a reliable barometer of grassroots opinion, although it is known to shift quickly. A separate poll of Conservative Party members by YouGov in July 2018 also showed he had high levels of support to become party leader. YouGov found Javid reached the height of the charts on two measures; with 64% thinking he is "up to the job" and 69% calling him "competent". Campaign against anti-Semitism

Javid's appointment as Home Secretary was welcomed by a number of Jewish organisations, including the Board of Deputies of British Jews and the Jewish Leadership Council. Previously, as Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, Javid wrote to all local council leaders to ask them to adopt the IHRA's

masks: Sajid Javid


texts:
 definition of anti-Semitism. In 2015, addressing the Holocaust Educational Trust's annual dinner, the then Business Secretary Javid condemned "dinner party anti-Semites" and said, "I can't remember the last time I spoke to a Jewish friend or colleague who hasn't, at some point, found themselves sitting awkwardly at a dinner party while a fellow guest railed against the international 'kosher conspiracy'". In 2018, Javid suggested Jeremy Corbyn should quit as Labour leader following his decision to attend a 2014 wreath-laying at a cemetery which contained the graves of many Palestinian activists; including Salah Khalaf and Atef Bseiso, members of the Black September Organization.Criticism
In March 2018, Javid called Momentum "neo-fascist" in the House of Commons chamber. Momentum threatened legal action if he repeated the comment outside Parliament where parliamentary privilege does not protect him against a lawsuit. MPs including Jon Trickett, Chris Williamson, Alex Sobel, Clive Lewis and Caroline Lucas demanded Javid withdraw the statement and apologise. In July 2018, Javid back-tracked after Jeremy Corbyn had threatened legal action for linking Corbyn with Holocaust denial. Labour MPs accused Javid of "peddling a lie" and called on Theresa May to intervene. Javid rejected a request by the Muslim Council of Britain for an independent inquiry into allegations of Islamophobia within the Conservative Party. Javid said: "The Muslim Council of Britain (MCB) does not represent Muslims in this country" and added "we don't deal with the MCB".Harun Khan, the MCB's secretary-general said, "it sadly indicates that the party has no interest in dealing with this matter with the seriousness it deserves". Javid was rebuked by MPs and human rights


texts:
 campaigners for tweeting about "Asian paedophiles", with the director of the Runnymede Trust commenting: "racialising this crime and focusing on the ethnicity of the sexual predators has done little to address why and how these victims were vulnerable to the prey of these sexual predators". The Independent suggested Javid had ulterior motives with an impending leadership battle and said, "If Javid imagines his racial and religious origins offer any defence to the charge of incendiary race-baiting, he must be out of his tiny mind." His comments were defended by Fraser Nelson, editor of The Spectator, who said: "The way to stop populists is for mainstream politicians to address difficult and important issues calmly and directly." Baroness Warsi has criticised Javid for dog-whistling: "he should read what these people are saying, because however much he dog-whistles, however much he panders to the right of our party, sadly the right of our party still believe he's far too Muslim to be leader of the party". In August 2019, John McDonnell questioned Javid's suitability for the office of Chancellor of the Exchequer, citing his background in sales of collateralised debt obligations (CDOs) and alleged links to tax avoidance schemes. Javid held several senior executive positions in investment banking, including a role with responsibility for sale of CDOs, and during his time Deutsche Bank had operated a tax avoidance scheme known as 'dark blue' that channelled bankers' bonus payments through the Cayman Islands.Conservative leadership elections

Joint leadership bid, 2016

In June 2016, following David Cameron's resignation after the result of the EU referendum, Secretary of State for Work and Pensions Stephen Crabb announced that he would be


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 standing in the 2016 Conservative leadership election, on a "joint ticket" with <mask>. If Crabb became Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, <mask> would become Chancellor of the Exchequer if Crabb won. Crabb withdrew from the contest after the first round of voting amongst Conservative Members of Parliament. Shortly after withdrawing his bid, Crabb resigned from the Cabinet following allegations that he had sent suggestive messages to a young woman. In an interview with the Financial Times, <mask> said he had expected to be sacked when Theresa May became Prime Minister in July 2016, instead he was moved across in a re-shuffle to Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, and Crabb subsequently took a post as Parliamentary Chairman of "Conservative Friends of Israel". Conservative leadership bid, 2019

In May 2019, <mask> launched his bid to become Conservative leader with pledge to deliver Brexit and to "bridge divides" by promoting the shared values which unite Britain. He finished in fourth-place.<mask>'s campaign was advised by Matthew Elliott, former chief executive of Vote Leave. The campaign received funding from both Remain- and Leave-supporting Conservative donors. Javid indicated he would be prepared to take Britain out of the EU without a deal, and called for no-deal preparations to be stepped up. Javid set out his Brexit strategy in a piece for the Daily Mail, declaring "no, no, no" to the idea of allowing either another Brexit referendum, an early general election or revoking of Article 50. Also, Javid proposed to cover costs for implementing any new technology at the Irish border in a bid to try and break the deadlock over the Northern Ireland backstop. During the campaign, Javid also opposed the prorogation

masks: Javid Javid Javid Javid Javid


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 of parliament in order to deliver Brexit. He commented during the Channel 4 Conservative Party leadership debate, "You don't deliver on democracy by trashing democracy... We're not selecting a dictator of our country."A third party tweet which contained part of this quote on his leadership campaign Twitter account was deleted on 29 August 2019, the day after Prime Minister Boris Johnson's controversial decision to prorogue parliament. In a BBC Radio 4 interview on 31 August, Javid defended the prime minister's prorogation of parliament. The prorogation was ruled as unlawful on 24 September by the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. Javid said he was prepared to scrap the 45p rate of income tax entirely in a bid to inject more 'dynamism' into the economy, pointing to the fact that tax revenues increased after the decision to cut the 50p rate of income tax to 45p and his role in making the case for it when he worked in the Treasury. Javid was eliminated from the contest after achieving fewer votes than his three remaining competitors in the fourth round of voting. Early Parliamentary years (2010–2013)
Javid was briefly a member of the Work and Pensions Select Committee from June to November 2010, before relinquishing this position when he was appointed Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) to John Hayes, then Minister of State for Further Education at the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. Javid was one of the first MPs to become a PPS from the 2010 intake.On 14 October 2011, as part of a small reshuffle prompted by the resignation of Liam Fox as Defence Secretary, Javid was promoted to become PPS to then Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne. Treasury ministerial roles

In September 2012, Javid joined Osborne's