texts:
 gave financial support to the Palestine Liberation Front, among other causes. Guerilla activity
In 1968 <mask> went to Sardinia to make contact with left-wing and separatist groups on the island, intending to make Sardinia a socialist republic similar to Cuba and "liberate it from colonialism". His attempt to strengthen Graziano Mesina's rebel forces was eventually nullified by Italian military intelligence.<mask> increasingly advocated guerrilla activity in Italy on behalf of the working class. In 1970, fearing a right-wing coup d'etat, he founded the militant Gruppi di Azione Partigiana (Partisan Action Groups, GAP). GAP would become the second militant organization after the Red Brigades to be formed during the Years of lead. Anticipating assassination attempts by the CIA or Mossad, <mask> assumed a nom de guerre ("Osvaldo") and went underground. Death
On 15 March 1972, <mask> was found dead at the foot of an electricity pylon at Segrate, near Milan, apparently killed by an explosive device he and other GAP members were planting the day before. Some 8,000 people attended <mask>'s funeral. His death, like his father's 37 years before, was viewed as suspicious by several intellectuals, including investigative journalist Camilla Cederna, but Barzini rejected the hypothesis of a state-sponsored assassination:

In 1974 an audio recording found in a shelter of the Red Brigades described Feltrinelli as

In 1979, during an anti-terrorist trial, the Red Brigades defendants read into the court record a signed statement that Feltrinelli

The defendants denied the thesis of the murder, claiming it was a commemoration of the publisher and his political ideas, and a critique addressed to the circles of the extra-parliamentary left


type: original

texts:
 who had tried to deny them.They also admitted that <mask> was not obsessed with a neo-fascist coup, because he wanted to establish in Italy the armed struggle and was one of the first to have had contacts with the German Red Army Faction: finally they affirmed that the relationships between GAP and RB were characterized by the maximum correctness, without competitive spirit. The trial ended with eleven convictions, seven acquittals, two prescriptions and nine amnesties (this legal sentence was largely confirmed in 1981). In cultural memory
 Senior Service, by <mask>, 2001. This lengthy biography, written by Giangiacomo's son Carlo, was first published in Italian, and then translated into English. Feltrinelli, an 80-minute documentary by Alessandro Rossetto, was released in 2006. <mask>, played by Fabrizio Parenti, appears in the 2012 film Piazza Fontana: The Italian Conspiracy (Romanzo di una strage) by Marco Tullio Giordana. The film is about the 1969 bomb explosion in Milan's Piazza Fontana, the subsequent fall to his death from a police window of an anarchist suspect, and the putative murder of Luigi Calabresi, the investigating police commissioner.In the film he takes part personally in the discovery of <mask>'s body: Calabresi in reality directed the investigation from Milan. <mask>'s life story was the subject of the 2013 concept album and theatrical performance Praxis Makes Perfect by the group Neon Neon. <mask>, his publishing, and his suspicious death are mentioned several times in The Flamethrowers, a novel by Rachel Kushner which is set during the Years of Lead. See also

List of unsolved deaths

References

Further reading
 Gottfried Abrath, Der AugenBlick, historischer Tatsachenroman, Norderstedt 2015, ISBN 9

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Feltrinelli
Carlo Feltrinelli
Feltrinelli
Feltrinelli
Feltrinelli
Feltrinelli


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 783734 746758. The American edition of Senior Service in the references. Knigge, Jobst C. (2010). <mask> – Sein Weg in den Terrorismus, Humboldt University, Berlin.1926 births
1972 deaths
Italian anti-capitalists
Italian book publishers (people)
Italian communists
Deaths related to the Years of Lead (Italy)
Businesspeople from Milan
Italian publishers (people)
Deaths by improvised explosive device
Unsolved deaths
Italian military personnel of World War


texts:
<mask> (born July 23, 1974) is an American former track and field sprinter who competed in the 100 meters and 200 meters. He is a former 100 m world record holder with a time of 9.79 seconds. During the height of his career (1997–2004) he won four Olympic medals and was a five-time World Champion. This included three golds at the 1999 World Championships, a feat which had previously only been achieved by Carl Lewis and Michael Johnson and has since been equaled by three others. His career was affected by a number of injuries from 2001 onwards, although he won the 100 meters bronze and silver in the sprint relay at the 2004 Summer Olympics. <mask> was also successful indoors: he was the 1999 Indoor World Champion, was the world record holder in the 60-meter dash for nearly 20 years and remains the joint-fastest man over 50 meters. He raced sparingly after an injury in 2005 and officially retired in 2008.Over his career, he made the third most sub-10-second runs (52) in the 100m, tied with Usain Bolt and only surpassed by Asafa Powell and Justin Gatlin. Following his track career he has become an ambassador for the IAAF and a TV personality, appearing on Identity, Blind Date, and Dancing with the Stars. Most recently he volunteered as a track coach at University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) for the 2012–2013 season. Early life
<mask> was born in Kansas City, Kansas and attended F.L. Schlagle High School. In his youth and high school, he participated in both American football and track and field. After high school, <mask> received a Track scholarship to the University of Kansas.<mask> also attended Park University and Kansas City

masks:
Maurice Greene
Greene
Maurice Greene
Greene
Greene


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 Kansas Community College. Sports career

Early career and breakthrough
In 1995 he took part in his first major international tournament at the World Championships in Gothenburg, but was eliminated in the 100 m quarter-finals. His next season was disappointing, as he failed to make the American team for the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. After watching the Olympic final from the stands, <mask> made his way to Los Angeles to seek the coaching of John Smith. He joined the start up HSI group. He went on to become the group's most visible member. The following season would be his breakthrough.At the World Championships in Athens, <mask> won the 100 m title. This marked the beginning of <mask>'s dominance in the 100 m. He successfully defended his title in 1999 and 2001 and captured the Olympic gold medal in the 2000 Olympics. He was also successful at the 200 m. At the 1999 World Championships, he also won the 200 m title, the first to win both sprint events at a World Championships. However, he did not run the 200 m at the 2000 Olympics after an injury at the US trials. World record holder and athletic prime
In 1999 he set the 100 m world record at 9.79 s (+0.1 m/s wind), beating Donovan Bailey's standing world record of 9.84 s (+0.7 m/s wind), and lowering the world record by the largest margin since the advent of electronic timing. <mask> also matched Bailey's 50 m indoor world record time, but the run was never ratified. He also set the 60 m indoor world record twice.His 60 m indoor record is currently at 6.39 seconds. In addition, <mask> was the only sprinter to hold the 60 m and 100 m world records at the same time. The previous

masks:
Greene
Greene
Greene
Greene
Maurice Greene


texts: IAAF logo was created in <mask>'s image. In 2002, <mask> lost his 100 m world record to fellow American Tim Montgomery, who beat his time by 0.01 (9.78 s +2.0 m/s), while <mask> himself was injured and watched the race from the stands; Montgomery has since been found guilty of using performance-enhancing drugs, and his record has been retroactively rescinded. The record was broken legitimately by Asafa Powell in 2005 with a time of 9.77 s (+1.6 m/s wind). At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, <mask> added to his medal tally with the bronze after finishing third in his attempt to defend his 100 m title to Justin Gatlin, and a silver as the anchor leg runner on the United States 4 × 100 m relay team, narrowly denied another Olympic Gold by the British team, who won by 0.01 seconds. <mask> ran 52 sub-10-second 100 m races during his career, which at the time was more than any other sprinter in history.This record has now been surpassed by Asafa Powell who has 97 100 m sub-10-second runs to his name and Justin Gatlin who has 64 100 m sub-10-second runs to his name and equalled by Usain Bolt who has the same amount of sub-10-second runs with 52. Previously <mask> had held the record for the most wind-legal sub-10-second clockings for 100 m in one season, when he ran 9 sub-10s in 1999. This record was also broken by Asafa Powell in 2006 (12), and it was improved by Powell in 2008 to 15. On December 21, 2006, he appeared as one of the "strangers" on the NBC game show Identity. The contestant, a self-professed track and field fan, incorrectly identified him by name as Marion Jones, although she identified him as the "world's fastest man."

masks: Greene Greene Greene Greene Greene Greene


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 Post-running
On February 4, 2008, <mask> announced his retirement from track and field in Beijing, citing nagging injuries and a wish to see new individuals succeed in the sport. <mask> said he hopes to pursue coaching and business interests.In April 2008, the New York Times reported that <mask> had paid Mexican discus thrower  Angel Guillermo Heredia $10,000, which Heredia claimed was in payment for performance-enhancing drugs. <mask> admitted meeting Heredia and making the payment, but claimed it was common for him to pay for "stuff" for other members of his training group, and reiterated that he had never used banned drugs. <mask> was a contestant on Season 7 of Dancing with the Stars, and was paired with two-time champion Cheryl Burke. He was eliminated on Week 8 of the competition, taking 5th place. He hyperextended his leg during the competition. He later helped out in their pro-dancer competition and danced a Tango with future winner Anna Demidova. <mask> also appeared on the American television series Blind Date where he was paired with a woman named Christie.<mask> and Christie agreed that they would see each other again. He has a tattoo that reads GOAT referring to his claim to be "Greatest of All Time". Media
In an event set up by ESPN's Todd Gallagher, <mask> appeared in the book "Andy Roddick Beat Me With a Frying Pan" racing in a 100-meter race against the book's editor, who had a 31-meter head start and the help of a moving sidewalk. <mask> lost by a nose. <mask> is now hosting the monthly show "Greene Light" on Eurosport where he is meeting the stars of athletics like Blanka Vlašić, Allyson Felix or Churandy

masks:
Greene
Greene
Greene
Greene
Greene
Greene
Greene
Greene
Greene
Maurice Greene


texts: <mask> ( or ; 11 July 1955 – 27 September 2010) was a Singaporean politician and neurosurgeon of Indian ancestry. He attended Raffles Institution, Siglap Secondary School and National Junior College, and studied medicine at the University of Singapore. After graduating in 1979, he continued his education at the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, becoming a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (F.R.C.S.) in 1984. He also trained at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan, from 1985 to 1989, and became a Fellow of Harvard University in 1990. He worked as a neurosurgeon until 2001, publishing over 50 book chapters and journal articles. In 2001 <mask> was elected to the Parliament of Singapore for the Cheng San–Seletar division of the Ang Mo Kio Group Representation Constituency.From then until his death he served as Minister of State for the Ministry of the Environment (2001–2003), Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Transport (2001–2004); and subsequently Senior Minister of State for the Ministry of Health (2004–2006), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2006–2010) and Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts (2004–2008). In 2007, he was appointed Chairman of the Executive Board of the World Health Organization. In March 2008, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong reshuffled his Cabinet, from which time <mask> retained only his portfolio at the Foreign Affairs Ministry until his death in 2010. <mask> also served as President of the Asian Australasian Society of Neurological Surgeons, Singapore Indian Development Association (SINDA) and the Singapore Indian Education Trust, Chairman of the Indian Heritage Centre Steering Committee and a member of the National Art Gallery Implementation Steering Committee, Chairman of the National HIV/AIDS Policy Committee, a member of

masks:
Balaji Sadasivan
Balaji
Balaji
Balaji


texts:
 the National Steering Committee on Racial and Religious Harmony, an advisor to the Tamil Language Council and the People's Association Indian Activity Executive Committee Co-ordinating Council, a member of the Singapore Industrial and Services Employees' Union Council of Advisors, and Honorary Advisor to the Singapore Furniture Industries Council. In addition, he was an honorary member of the Singapore Medical Association. Early years and education
<mask> <mask> was born on 11 July 1955 in Singapore, the son of Indian immigrants. A student at Raffles Institution, Siglap Secondary School (1969–1971) and National Junior College (1972–1973), he subsequently studied medicine at the University of Singapore.In his second year, he won an essay competition organised by the World Health Organization (WHO) and received the opportunity to attend a healthcare workshop in Minamata, Japan, where he learned about the devastating effects of Minamata disease, a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning. This led him to specialise in neurosurgery later on, which was not a popular discipline at the time. In 1979, <mask> graduated with a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.B.S. ), and two years later embarked on further studies at the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, becoming a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (F.R.C.S.) in 1984. He trained at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan, between 1985 and 1990, obtaining a diploma from the American Board of Neurology Surgery and becoming a fellow at Harvard University in 1990. He also worked at Brigham and Women's Hospital, a teaching affiliate of Harvard, and at the Children's Hospital Boston in Boston, Massachusetts.In 1997, he obtained a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B. (Hons.)) from the University of London.

masks: Balaji Sadasivan Sadasivan


texts:
 Career

<mask> joined Tan Tock Seng Hospital as a consultant neurosurgeon in 1991, where he reorganised the way stroke patients were treated, arranged for the neurosurgical intensive care unit to be computerised, introduced stereotactic brachytherapy for dealing with brain tumours, and chaired the National Neuroscience Institute's planning committee. In 1994, he moved into private practice at Gleneagles Hospital, establishing the first stereotactic radiosurgical treatment system driven by a linear particle accelerator in Singapore. He also worked with medical device manufacturer Siemens to develop image-guided surgical systems. He published more than 50 scientific papers and chapters in neurology books.<mask> left the medical profession to stand as a People's Action Party (PAP) candidate in the 2001 general election for the Cheng San–Seletar division of the Ang Mo Kio Group Representation Constituency (GRC). The electoral division, helmed by the Lee Hsien Loong (who became Prime Minister on 12 August 2004), was not contested, and <mask> was declared elected to Parliament on 25 October 2001. He was regarded as one of the "Super Seven" Members of Parliament who were made officeholders upon election, and served as Minister of State for the Ministry of the Environment (23 November 2001 – 11 May 2003), Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Transport (both 23 November 2001 – 11 August 2004). He was Senior Minister of State for the Ministry of Health from 12 August 2004 to 29 May 2006, handling matters such as the extension of the Human Organ Transplant Act to Muslims and the 2003–2004 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak. He also worked to combat the spread of HIV, advocating education about the disease in schools and workplaces, and early and regular HIV testing. He brought in

masks: Balaji Balaji Balaji


texts:
 universal antenatal testing for HIV, and spoke out against discrimination on the ground of HIV status. For his constituents, he set up the Cheng San–Seletar Neighbourhood Club, and petitioned the Housing and Development Board for the lease of the Seletar Hills market, due to be torn down, to be extended.He also conceived an active ageing centre in Ang Mo Kio Town Garden East, which was slated to open in 2010. Ang Mo Kio GRC was contested by the Workers' Party of Singapore in the general election of 2006, and <mask> retained his seat, the PAP winning with 66.14% of the votes polled in the constituency. <mask> acted as Senior Minister of State for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts from 30 May 2006 to 31 March 2008. In May 2007, he was appointed Chairman of the WHO Executive Board, the first time a Singaporean had been so elected since the nation became a member of WHO. During his term, he dealt with issues such as global health development, pandemic preparedness (including the 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic), non-communicable diseases and climate change. Later years
<mask> was diagnosed with colorectal cancer and underwent surgical removal of a malignant tumour in 2008. He relinquished his Information, Communications and the Arts portfolio with effect from 1 April 2008, remaining as Senior Minister of State for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.<mask> also served as President of the Singapore Indian Development Association (from March 2009) and the Singapore Indian Education Trust, Chairman of the Indian Heritage Centre Steering Committee and a member of the National Art Gallery Implementation Steering Committee, Chairman of the National HIV/AIDS Policy Committee, a member of the National Steering Committee on Racial and Religious Harmony, an advisor

masks: Balaji Sadasivan Balaji Balaji


texts:
 to the Tamil Language Council and the People's Association Indian Activity Executive Committee Co-ordinating Council, a member of the Singapore Industrial and Services Employees' Union Council of Advisors, and Honorary Advisor to the Singapore Furniture Industries Council. On 8 May 2010, he was made an honorary member of the Singapore Medical Association. Following a relapse of his cancer, <mask> died in his sleep on 27 September 2010 at 1:50 a.m. at the age of 55 years, having suffered internal bleeding the previous night. He is survived by his wife, Dr. Ma Swan Hoo, his son Dharma Yongwen and daughter Anita Jiawen, and five siblings. On 18 October 2010 during a sitting of Parliament, Abdullah Tarmugi, Speaker of the Parliament of Singapore, and Mah Bow Tan, Leader of the House, paid tribute to <mask> in the presence of his widow and children, Mah saying "We have lost a dear friend and colleague and an outstanding Singaporean." Parliament then observed a minute's silence. <mask>'s medical school classmates set up the Balaji Sadasivan Fund for Medical Undergraduates in his honour.Selected works

Book
 (published posthumously). Medical articles

. .
.
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.
.
.
.
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References

External links
Cherishing Memories of <mask> – a blog set up by Sadasivan's medical school classmates

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1955 births
2010 deaths
Alumni of the University of London
University of Singapore alumni
Deaths from cancer in Singapore
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons
Harvard Fellows
National Junior College alumni
Singaporean neurosurgeons
People's Action Party politicians
Raffles Institution alumni
Members of the Parliament of Singapore
World Health Organization officials
Singaporean people of Tamil descent
Singaporean politicians of Indian descent
Singaporean officials of the

masks: Balaji Balaji Sadasivan Balaji


texts:
<mask> "<mask><mask>. (February 10, 1934 – September 7, 2004), was an American politician and businessman who served as the 61st Governor of Mississippi from 1992 to 2000. His tenure was marked by racial tensions, an extramarital affair with his high school sweetheart, and a subsequent divorce from his wife of 44 years to marry her. He was the first Republican governor of the state since Reconstruction-era governor Adelbert Ames, who served from 1874 to 1876, and the first governor elected to two consecutive four-year terms (following a 1987 amendment to the state constitution). <mask> was a staunch conservative, running on a pro-business, anti-crime, low-tax, family values platform. A successful businessman, <mask> took over his father's construction company and became a millionaire. He ran for governor in 1991 as a Republican, championing various conservative causes. Although initially popular among voters, <mask> gained notoriety for his controversial statements.He opposed affirmative action, championed anti-crime programs, led welfare reform efforts, and proudly touted his conservative Christian views. Many non-white voters and impoverished or disadvantaged Mississippians protested against the <mask> administration. He was also criticized by environmentalists, who viewed Fordice as a denier of science. Life and career

Born in Memphis, Tennessee, Fordice studied engineering at Purdue University, becoming a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity and earning a BS and MS in 1956 and 1957, respectively. After graduation he served with the United States Army as an engineer officer in the 1st Infantry Division for two years. He remained in the Army Reserve until 1977, retiring with the rank of colonel. Fordice settled in Vicksburg and began a career in heavy construction, eventually taking over the construction company of his father, <mask> <mask> Sr.,

masks:
Daniel Kirkwood
Kirk
" Fordice Jr
Fordice
Fordice
Fordice
Fordice
Daniel Kirkwood
Fordice


texts: and becoming a millionaire.He won the governorship of Mississippi in the 1991 election, first winning the Republican primary against state auditor Pete Johnson and in the general election against Democratic incumbent Ray Mabus, who four years earlier had defeated the Republican businessman Jack Reed of Tupelo, 53 to 47 percent, until that time the best Republican gubernatorial showing in Mississippi during the 20th century. <mask> was re-elected in 1995 against Democratic Mississippi secretary of state Dick Molpus. His second inauguration was on January 16, 1996. An outspoken conservative, Fordice advocated tax cuts, the abolishment of affirmative action, reductions in the welfare system, expanded capital punishment, tougher prison conditions and the building of more prisons. Fordice offended Jewish groups such as B'nai B'rith by referring to America as "a Christian Nation" during a Republican governors conference. South Carolina governor Carroll Campbell quickly offered a correction, adding "Judeo-" as a prefix to Christian, but Fordice snapped back that he meant what he said. He later apologized for any offense.Fordice refused to discuss any increase in public school pay rates across the state, even though Mississippi ranked 49th in the nation. When teachers discussed striking he ordered that any teacher who went on strike be immediately fired. In August 1996, Fordice signed an executive order banning recognition of same-sex marriages in Mississippi. Lawmakers said then that they would back up the executive order with a law. In 2004, Mississippi voters passed a constitutional amendment defining marriage as only between a man and a woman and further banning recognition of same-sex marriages from other states and countries. Both acts were declared unconstitutional by the 2015 Obergefell v. Hodges decision from the Supreme Court of the United


texts:
 States. <mask> said he would have quit his position of Governor while still in office, except that he did not want to give the Democratic candidate, Lieutenant Governor Ronnie Musgrove, any spot-light time of running the state before the actual election.Musgrove won the election anyway and became Mississippi's next Governor. Personal life

Extramarital affair
<mask>'s tenure was roiled by an extramarital affair with his high school sweetheart Ann G. Creson, which led to his divorce from his wife of forty-four years, <mask>. After leaving office, <mask> married Ann, but they later divorced. <mask> received much scorn when he suddenly announced that he had "irreconcilable differences" with his wife in 1993; she claimed that she had no intention of getting a divorce, and they remained together. Additionally, in 1996, he was photographed eating lunch with a middle-aged woman. These two scandals were soon overshadowed by <mask>'s other actions, and he came to national attention for supporting the impeachment of then-president Bill Clinton on moral grounds. In June 1999, the media reported <mask>'s long-running extramarital affair with his high school sweetheart, Ann Creson, who had recently been widowed; they were photographed returning from a vacation together, and journalists reported that <mask> and Creson kissed and massaged each other's shoulders.Outside the governor's mansion, <mask> responded to WLBT reporter Bert Case asking questions in his news car (within the public right of way) with harsh words, while tossing junk mail at Case and threatening harm to him after the end of his term: "you invade my privacy this way, six months from now, I'll whip your ass. You have no damn business playing these games." Later that year, he announced that he was divorcing his wife of 44 years and the mother of his four children. In the divorce petition, <mask>

masks:
Fordice
Fordice
Pat Fordice
Fordice
Fordice
Fordice
Fordice
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Fordice
Fordice


texts:
 claimed that he and his wife had been estranged for three years, even though they both lived in the Governor's mansion, and that he planned to marry Creson as soon as the divorce was finalized. <mask> condemned her husband's actions, issuing a formal statement reading "it is not fair for Governor <mask> to call upon her to calm the storms by making or adopting public announcements which run contrary to her true feelings ... [<mask>] apologizes to the people of this state for being a partner in a marriage that has become a source of embarrassment for Mississippi." Just days after the divorce was finalized in early 2000, Fordice married Creson; they divorced in 2003. <mask> died in 2004, surrounded by his children and former wife; the two are interred beside each other with their own individual grave markers.Retirement years and death
After retiring, <mask> settled in Madison, Mississippi. He died from leukemia in Jackson on September 7, 2004, at age 70. <mask> and <mask>, who reconciled shortly before his death, are interred with a double marker at Parkway Memorial Cemetery in Ridgeland. References

Sources
 Edsall, Thomas B. "Miss. Governor Ending Historic Tenure", The Washington Post, February 27, 1999; pg. L1
 Sansing, David G. <mask>ice profile, mshistory.k12.ms.us; accessed February 3, 2017.External links

1934 births
2004 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American politicians
American construction businesspeople
American Methodists
Burials in Mississippi
Businesspeople from Mississippi
Christians from Mississippi
Deaths from cancer in Mississippi
Deaths from leukemia
Governors of Mississippi
Mississippi Republicans
People from Madison, Mississippi
Politicians from Memphis, Tennessee
Politicians from Vicksburg, Mississippi
Purdue University alumni
United States Army officers
Republican Party state governors of the

masks:
Pat Fordice
Fordice
Pat Fordice
Fordice
Fordice
Kirk
Pat Fordice
Kirk Ford


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<mask> (May 20, 1936August 26, 2008) was a Puerto Rican novelist and short story writer, who also used the Americanized pen name <mask>. Early years
<mask> was born in Ponce, to <mask>, a Baptist minister, and Abigail Yunqué, and lived in Cidra, Puerto Rico, until his family moved to the South Bronx in 1949. Even as a child he loved to read, and became familiar with many of the great European works. His seminal influences included Miguel de Cervantes, Azorín, Borges, Unamuno, <mask>, Victor Hugo, and members of the Generation of '27 literary movement. Upon graduating from high school in 1954, he joined the United States Air Force. During his free time <mask> focused on reading and analysis of American literature, after finding a large collection of books at his sister's house. After his Air Force service, <mask> attended Santa Monica College, and eventually got his degree from New York University.He dropped out of school temporarily after the assassination of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, and worked in East Harlem as part of the war on poverty. <mask> was married to <mask> née Patricia Jean Schumacher on December 31, 1961; their marriage ended in divorce in 1997. They had three children: Alyson, Matthew, and Tim. <mask> was also the stepfather of <mask>. Work
<mask> focused on writing since 1972 and published his first short story "Wild Horses" in Nuestra Magazine in 1977. He wrote fourteen novels and three story collections. He said that he often worked on several books at once and had no problem

masks:
Edgardo Vega Yunqué
Ed Vega
Edgardo Vega Yunqué
Alberto Vega
Lope de Vega
Vega
Vega
Vega
Pat Vega
Vega
Suzanne Vega
Vega


texts:
 keeping track of them:  Since my work is about people and my affection for them, I don't lose track of who they are just like I don't lose track of my children or other relatives and acquaintances.I have friends – and characters – whom I don't see for a long time, but as soon as we get together we pick up where we left off. <mask>'s literary influences were subtle and complex. In addition to William Faulkner, John Steinbeck, Ernest Hemingway, and the magic realist writers, he was heavily influenced by Holocaust literature and by the concern of the Irish members of his childhood neighborhood, for the independence and reunion of their native country. <mask>'s published fiction includes the novels The Comeback, Blood Fugues, The Lamentable Journey of Omaha Bigelow into the Impenetrable Loisaida Jungle, and No Matter How Much You Promise to Cook or Pay the Rent You Blew It Cauze Bill Bailey Ain't Never Coming Home Again. His short story collections include Mendoza's Dreams and Casualty Report, which were adapted for the stage and anthologized internationally. Reception

Bill Bailey

Critical reception of the novel No Matter How Much You Promise to Cook or Pay the Rent You Blew It Cauze Bill Bailey Ain't Never Coming Home Again was generally positive. The New York Times Book Review called it "a powerhouse of a novel ... it brings vividly to life, with its polyphony of voices, the simmering ethnic stew of the great American city", but also noted "flat-footed dialogue" and "the characters' belabored internal

masks: Vega Vega


texts:
 commentaries", saying "[t]he climax is so ghastly that the book never quite regains its equilibrium."Booklist hailed it as a "hypnotically readable novel--about jazz, about race, about coming-of-age, and above all, about New York ... honest, wrenching emotion, free of all artifice ... <mask>ué may just be the Thomas Wolfe of the multicultural twenty-first century." The Washington Post described it as "a sprawling, iconoclastic, ambitious, stunningly written novel that is part picaresque, part bildungsroman, and part recapitulation of America's last half century ... Like jazz and like America, this novel is fluid, unpredictable, full of verve and smarts. But it is not merely an entertainment. Deeply revisionist, tinged with tragedy and yet doggedly optimistic, this is a work that belongs on the shelf with its epic siblings: E.L. Doctorow's Ragtime and Thomas Pynchon's Vineland." Newsday found it "juicy, sprawling ... Yunqué succeeds brilliantly." The New York Post called it "a profound novel in the tradition of Ralph Ellison and William Faulkner." The novel also won the  PEN Oakland/Josephine Miles Literary Award and The Washington Post Book of the Year Award.Omaha Bigelow

<mask>'s reputation grew with The Lamentable Journey of Omaha Bigelow into the Impenetrable Loisaida Jungle. Kirkus Reviews declared the book a "raucous outing ... his characters hold forth in hilarious broken Spanglish ... vivid, wry, tragicomic ... <mask>ué is a potent talent." According to Booklist, <mask>'s "ribald and rambling style

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Vega Yunq
Vega
Vega Yunq
Vega


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 reverberates throughout his third novel ... he deftly skewers the politics of academia, the tyranny of mediocrity in contemporary American literature, and America's ongoing prejudice against Puerto Ricans. <mask>, unlike many formulaic novels he disparages, definitely has a lot to say." Publishers Weekly announced that "<mask>ué has a keen intelligence, an ear for dialogue and a flair for zany passages of magic realism." Blood Fugues

His subsequent novel Blood Fugues solidified <mask>ué's international reputation as a literary novelist. Publishers Weekly wrote that "Yunqué writes with grace, vividly evoking New York City and American life."Booklist announced "the author is a bravura storyteller with an extraordinary ability to create fascinating, emotion-engaging characters...the novel's subplots involving political terrorism and immigrant resistance to imposed assimilation are absolutely relevant to today's America." Kirkus Reviews noted the book's "distinctive architecture,  mystery and suspense," that it was "highly descriptive," and contained "all the features of fine drama." Short story collections

<mask>'s short story collections also met with critical acclaim. The San Francisco Chronicle announced that in Mendoza's Dreams <mask> "shows us, in twelve funny and personality-laden tales, that there is indeed much more to life in Spanish Harlem than gang warfare; set to the strains of Bernstein and Sondheim." Kirkus Reviews called Mendoza's Dreams "a dozen loving comic fables about the Puerto Rican

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Vega Yunq
Vega Yunq
Vega
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 experience in New York City…well-written, affecting and gritty tales of El Barrio life: reality beginning in dreams. The Village Voice Literary Supplement found Casualty Report to be "brilliantly traced ... a multivocal journey through layers of miscegenated consciousness, intensely bound to a nation that often works like a dream." Library Journal praised <mask>'s portrayal of "the consuming struggles and sorrows of Puerto Ricans in New York ... the stories betray a deep concern and love for people living precariously between two worlds.A fine, provocative addition for Latino and large general fiction collections." Activism and advocacy
<mask> was the campaign manager for the first political campaign of New York State Assemblyman Nelson Antonio Denis, and served as the first Executive Director of the El Barrio Local Development Corporation (EBLDC). He taught creative writing at the Latin American Writers Institute, the Teachers & Writers Collaborative, the New School for Social Research, as well as at Hostos Community College, Hunter College, and SUNY Old Westbury. He also served as Director of the Clemente Soto Vélez Cultural and Educational Center, and as a counselor to ASPIRA and the Addiction Service Agency. Death

<mask> died on August 26, 2008, from a possible thrombosis at NYU Lutheran Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York and was buried at Calverton National Cemetery in Calverton, New York. At the time of his death, <mask> had completed the novel How That Dirty Rotten Charlie Maisonet Turned Me

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 into a Puerto Rican Sex Freak, which was later published under the title Rebecca Horowitz, Puerto Rican Sex Freak. <mask> was also finishing the story collection A Place of Remembrance on an Island Called Regret and the nonfiction book Spic, Writing Under the Threat of Censorship in the United States: A Jeremiad.His obituary in The New York Times hailed <mask>'s honesty and his "picaresque, combustive and sometimes flamboyantly comic expressions of the Puerto Rican experience in New York’s multicultural maelstrom." David Gonzalez of The New York Times blogged, "his novels captured the crazy glory of this city and its people, with jazzy riffs and elegant solos that flowed with rhythm. His words could dazzle, amuse and even infuriate." The New York Daily News noted that Mr. <mask> had authored 17 novels. Major works
His first novel and both short story collections were published under the name "<mask>". Novels
 The Comeback. Houston: Arte Público, 1985.No Matter How Much You Promise to Cook or Pay the Rent You Blew It Cauze Bill Bailey Ain't Never Coming Home Again. New York: Farrar, 2003. The Lamentable Journey of Omaha Bigelow into the Impenetrable Loisaida Jungle. Woodstock and New York: Overlook, 2004. Blood Fugues. New York: Rayo, HarperCollins, 2005. Rebecca Horowitz, Puerto Rican Sex Freak (cancelled in last-minute dispute with publisher).Reviewed by Publishers Weekly. Reviewed by Kirkus Reviews. Reviewed by Library Journal. Short story collections
 Mendoza's Dreams. Houston: Arte Público, 1987.

masks:
Vega
Vega
Vega
Ed Vega


texts:
 Casualty Report. Houston: Arte Público, 1991.Awards
 PEN Oakland/Josephine Miles Literary Award (2004) for No Matter How Much You Promise to Cook or Pay the Rent You Blew It Cauze Bill Bailey Ain't Never Coming Home Again
 The Washington Post Book of the Year Award (2004)

 See also

 List of Puerto Rican writers
 Puerto Rican literature

References

 Further reading

 Binder,Wolfgang. "Interview: <mask>". American Contradictions: Interviews with Nine American Writers. Eds. Wolfgang Binder and Helmbrecht Breining. Hanover and London: Wesleyan UP, UP of New England, 1995, 125–142. "A Hispanic Voice of Satire: <mask>'s Portrait of the Puerto Rican Community".Voix et Langages aux Etats-Unis. Tome I. Ed. Serge Ricard. Aix-en-Provence: Univ. de Provence, 1993, 229–243. Hernández, Carmen Dolores. "<mask>".Puerto Rican Voices in English: Interviews with Writers. Wesport: Praeger, 1997, 196–225. Pérez, Richard. "Literary Pre/occupations: An Interview with Puerto Rican Author <mask> <mask>ué". Centro Journal 18.1 (2006): 188–205. <mask> <mask>ué (1936-) By: David de Posada, IN: West-Durán, Herrera-Sobek, and Salgado, Latino and Latina Writers, I: Introductory Essays, Chicano and Chicana Authors; II: Cuban and Cuban American Authors, Dominican and Other Authors, Puerto Rican Authors. New York: Scribner's; 2004. pp.1019–1030. External links
 obituary The New York Times remembrance The New York Times Cityroom blog
 Latin American Writers Institute at Hostos CC
 "A Neighborhood Replete with Ghosts" The New York

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Ed Vega
Ed Vega
Ed Vega
Edgardo
Vega Yunq
Edgardo
Vega Yunq


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 Times'', June 19, 2005. Retrieved March 6, 2014. 1936 births
2008 deaths
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
20th-century American short story writers
21st-century American short story writers
American male novelists
American male short story writers
Burials at Calverton National Cemetery
Hispanic and Latino American novelists
Hispanic and Latino American short story writers
New York University alumni
Puerto Rican United States Air Force personnel
Puerto Rican writers
State University of New York at Old Westbury faculty
United States Air Force airmen
Writers from Ponce
PEN Oakland/Josephine Miles Literary Award winners
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers
Novelists from New York (state)
Hostos Community College


texts: <mask> (born <mask>; November 9, 1935October 2, 2020) was an American professional baseball pitcher who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals (1959–1975). Nicknamed "Gibby" and "Hoot" (after actor <mask>), <mask> tallied 251 wins, 3,117 strikeouts, and a 2.91 earned run average (ERA) during his career. A nine-time All-Star and two-time World Series champion, he won two Cy Young Awards and the 1968 National League (NL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award. Known for a fiercely competitive nature and for intimidating opposing batters, he was elected in 1981 to the Baseball Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility. The Cardinals retired his uniform number 45 in September 1975 and inducted him into the team Hall of Fame in 2014. Born in Omaha, Nebraska, <mask> overcame childhood illness to excel in youth sports, particularly basketball and baseball. After briefly playing under contract to both the Harlem Globetrotters basketball team and the St. Louis Cardinals organization, <mask> decided to continue playing only baseball professionally.He became a full-time starting pitcher in July 1961 and earned his first All-Star appearance in 1962. <mask> won 2 of 3 games he pitched in the 1964 World Series, then won 20 games in a season for the first time in 1965. <mask> also pitched three complete game victories in the 1967 World Series. The pinnacle of <mask>'s career was 1968, when he posted a 1.12 ERA for the season and then recorded 17 strikeouts in Game 1 of the 1968 World Series. <mask> threw a no-hitter in 1971 but began experiencing swelling in his knee in subsequent seasons. At

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Robert Gibson
Pack Robert Gibson
Hoot Gibson
Gibson
Gibson
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Gibson


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 the time of his retirement in 1975, <mask> ranked second only to Walter Johnson among major-league pitchers in career strikeouts. After retiring as a player in 1975, <mask> later served as pitching coach for his former teammate Joe Torre.At one time a special instructor coach for the St. Louis Cardinals, <mask> was later selected for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team in 1999. <mask> was the author of the memoir Pitch by Pitch, with Lonnie Wheeler. <mask> died of pancreatic cancer on October 2, 2020, exactly 52 years after his memorable 1968 World Series Game 1 performance in which he struck out 17 Detroit Tigers. Early life
<mask> was born in Omaha, the last of Pack and <mask>'s seven children (five boys and two girls). <mask>'s father died of tuberculosis three months prior to <mask>'s birth, and <mask> was named Pack Robert <mask> in his father's honor. While he revered his father's legacy, <mask> disliked the name Pack, and later changed his first name to Robert. Despite a childhood that included health problems like rickets, and a serious case of either asthma or pneumonia when he was three, <mask> was active in sports in both informal and organized settings, particularly baseball and basketball.<mask>'s brother Josh (no relation to the Negro leagues star player), who was 15 years his senior, had a profound effect on his early life, serving as a mentor to him. <mask> played on a number of youth basketball and baseball teams his brother coached, many of which were organized through the local YMCA. <mask> attended Omaha Technical High School, where he participated on the track, basketball, and baseball

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Victoria Gibson
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 teams. Health issues resurfaced for <mask>, though, and he needed a doctor's permission to compete in high school sports because of a heart murmur that occurred in tandem with a rapid growth spurt. <mask> was named to the All-State basketball team during his senior year of high school by a newspaper in Lincoln, Nebraska, and soon after won a full athletic scholarship for basketball from Creighton University. Indiana University had rejected him after stating their Negro athlete quota had already been filled. While at Creighton, <mask> majored in sociology, and continued to experience success playing basketball.At the end of <mask>'s junior basketball season, he averaged 22 points per game, and made third team Jesuit All-American. As his graduation from Creighton approached, the spring of 1957 proved to be a busy time for <mask>. Aside from getting married, <mask> had garnered the interest of the Harlem Globetrotters basketball team and the St. Louis Cardinals baseball team. In 1957, <mask> received a $3,000
bonus (a notable sum at that time) to sign with the Cardinals. He delayed his start with the organization for a year, playing basketball with the Globetrotters. However, he gave up as a travelling member due to long travels and many double-headers. Baseball career
<mask> was assigned to the Cardinals' big league roster for the start of the 1959 season, recording his Major League debut on April 15 as a relief pitcher.Reassigned to the Cardinals minor league affiliate the Omaha Cardinals soon after, <mask> returned to the Major Leagues on July 30 as a starting pitcher, earning his first Major League win that

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 day. <mask>'s experience in 1960 was similar, pitching nine innings for the Cardinals before shuffling between the Cardinals and their Rochester affiliate until mid-June. After posting a 3–6 record with a 5.61 ERA, <mask> traveled to Venezuela to participate in winter baseball at the conclusion of the 1960 season. Cardinals manager Solly Hemus shuffled <mask> between the bullpen and the starting pitching rotation for the first half of the 1961 season. In a 2011 documentary, <mask> indicated that Hemus's racial prejudice played a major role in his misuse of <mask>, as well as of teammate Curt Flood, both of whom were told by Hemus that they would not make it as major leaguers and should try something else. Hemus was replaced as Cardinals manager in July 1961 by Johnny Keane, who had been <mask>'s manager on the Omaha minor league affiliate several years prior. Keane and <mask> shared a positive professional relationship, and Keane immediately moved <mask> into the starting pitching rotation full-time.<mask> proceeded to compile an 11–6 record the remainder of the year, and posted a 3.24 ERA for the full season. Off the field, Bill White, Curt Flood, and <mask> started a civil rights movement to make all players live in the same clubhouse and hotel rooms, and led the St. Louis Cardinals to become the first sports team to end segregation, three years before President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the "Great Society" legislation in 1964. 1962–1967

In late May of the 1962 season <mask> pitched  consecutive scoreless innings on his way to being named to his first National League All-Star team. Because of an additional

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texts: All-Star Game played each season from 1959 to 1962, <mask> was named to the second 1962 N.L. All-Star game as well, where he pitched two innings. After suffering a fractured ankle late in the season, <mask>, sometimes referred to by the nickname "Hoot" (a reference to western film star Hoot <mask>), still finished 1962 with his first 200 plus strikeout season. The rehabilitation of <mask>'s ankle was a slow process, and by May 19 of the 1963 season he had recorded only one win.<mask> then turned to rely on his slider and two different fastball pitches to reel off six straight wins prior to late July. <mask> and all other National League pitchers benefited from a rule change that expanded the strike zone above the belt buckle. Adding to his pitching performances was <mask>'s offensive production, with his 20 RBIs outmatching the combined RBI output of entire pitching staffs on other National League teams. Even with <mask>'s 18 wins and the extra motivation of teammate Stan Musial's impending retirement, the Cardinals finished six games out of first place. Building on their late-season pennant run in 1963, the 1964 Cardinals developed a strong camaraderie that was noted for being free of the racial tension that predominated in the United States at that time. Part of this atmosphere stemmed from the integration of the team's spring training hotel in 1960, and <mask> and teammate Bill White worked to confront and stop use of racial slurs within the team. On August 23, the Cardinals were 11 games behind the Philadelphia Phillies and remained six-and-a-half games behind on September 21.The combination of a nine-game


texts: Cardinals winning streak and a ten-game Phillies losing streak then brought the season down to the final game. The Cardinals faced the New York Mets, and <mask> entered the game as a relief pitcher in the fifth inning. Aware that the Phillies were ahead of the Cincinnati Reds 4–0 at the time he entered the game, <mask> proceeded to pitch four innings of two-hit relief, while his teammates scored 11 runs of support to earn the victory. They next faced the New York Yankees in the 1964 World Series. <mask> was matched against Yankees starting pitcher Mel Stottlemyre for three of the Series' seven games, with <mask> losing Game 2, then winning Game 5. In Game 7, <mask>, who only had 2 days rest, pitched into the ninth inning, where he allowed home runs to Phil Linz and Clete Boyer, making the score 7–5 Cardinals. With Ray Sadecki and Barney Schultz warming up in the Cardinal bullpen, <mask> retired <mask> for the final out, giving the Cardinals their first World Championship since 1946.Along with his two victories, <mask> set a new World Series record by striking out 31 batters. <mask> made the All-Star team again in the 1965 season, and when the Cardinals were well out of the pennant race by August, attention turned on <mask> to see if he could win 20 games for the first time. <mask> was still looking for win number 20 on the last day of the season, a game where new Cardinals manager Red Schoendienst rested many of the regular players. <mask> still prevailed against the Houston Astros by a score of 5–2. The 1966 season marked the opening of Busch Memorial Stadium for the Cardinals, and <mask> was selected to play in

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 the All-Star Game in front of the hometown crowd that year as well. The Cardinals built a -game lead prior to the 1967 season All-Star break, and <mask> pitched the seventh and eighth innings of the 1967 All-Star game. <mask> then faced the Pittsburgh Pirates on July 15, when Roberto Clemente hit a line drive off <mask>'s right leg.Unaware his leg had been fractured, <mask> faced three more batters before his right fibula bone snapped above the ankle. After <mask> returned on September 7, the Cardinals secured the National League pennant on September 18,  games ahead of the San Francisco Giants. In the 1967 World Series against the Boston Red Sox, <mask> allowed only three earned runs and 14 hits over three complete-game victories in Games 1, 4 (five-hit shutout), and 7, the latter two marks tying Christy Mathewson's 1905 World Series record. Just as he had in 1964, <mask> pitched a complete-game victory in Game 7, against Cy Young winner Jim Lonborg, who pitched a 1-hitter in Game 2. <mask> also contributed offensively in Game 7 by hitting a home run that made the game 3–0. <mask> became the only pitcher to be on the mound for the final out of Game 7 of a World Series multiple times. Unlike his last win as World Series MVP, he finally got the men's suit endorsement that eluded him in 1964.He also gained endorsement and sponsorship for his asthma medication, namely Primateme mist inhaler and tablets. 1968—Year of the Pitcher
The 1968 season became known as "The Year of the Pitcher", and <mask> was at the forefront of pitching dominance. His earned run average was 1.12, a live-ball era record, as well as the major

masks: Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson


texts: league record in 300 or more innings pitched. It was the lowest major league ERA since Dutch Leonard's 0.96 mark 54 years earlier. <mask> threw 13 shutouts, three fewer than fellow Nebraskan Grover Alexander's 1916 major league record of 16. He won all 12 starts in June and July, pitching a complete game every time, (eight of which were shutouts), and allowed only six earned runs in 108 innings pitched (a 0.50 ERA). <mask> pitched 47 consecutive scoreless innings during this stretch, at the time the third-longest scoreless streak in major league history.He also struck out 91 batters, and he won two-consecutive NL Player of the Month awards. <mask> finished the season with 28 complete games out of 34 games started. Of the games he didn't complete, he was pinch-hit for, meaning <mask> was not removed from the mound for another pitcher for the entire season. He also only conceded a total of 38 earned runs. <mask> won the National League MVP Award. Not until Clayton Kershaw in 2014 would another National League pitcher do so. With Denny McLain winning the American League's Most Valuable Player award, 1968 remains, to date, the only year both MVP Awards went to pitchers with McLain compiling a 31–6 record for the Detroit Tigers.For the 1968 season, opposing batters only had a batting average of .184, an on-base percentage of .233, and a slugging percentage of .236. <mask> lost nine games against 22 wins, despite his record-setting low 1.12 ERA as the anemic batting throughout baseball included his own Cardinal team. The 1968 Cardinals had one .300 hitter, while the team-leading home run and RBI totals were just 16 and

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texts: 79, respectively. <mask> lost two 1–0 games, one of which against San Francisco Giants pitcher Gaylord Perry's no-hitter on September 17. The Giants' run in that game came on a first-inning home run by light-hitting Ron Hunt—the second of two he would hit the entire season and one of only 11 that <mask> allowed in  innings. The year also was notable for Don Drysdale pitching a record six consecutive shutouts and  consecutive scoreless innings. In Game 1 of the 1968 World Series, <mask> struck out 17 Detroit Tigers to set a World Series record for strikeouts in one game, which still stands today (breaking Sandy Koufax's record of 15 in Game 1 of the 1963 World Series).He also joined Ed Walsh as the only pitchers to strike out at least one batter in each inning of a World Series game, Walsh having done so in Game Three of the 1906 World Series. After allowing a leadoff single to Mickey Stanley in the ninth inning, <mask> finished the game by striking out Tiger sluggers Al Kaline, Norm Cash, and Willie Horton in succession. Recalling the performance, Tigers outfielder Jim Northrup remarked: "We were fastball hitters, but he blew the ball right by us. And he had a nasty slider that was jumping all over the place." <mask> next pitched in Game 4 of the 1968 World Series, defeating the Tigers' ace pitcher Denny McLain 10–1. The teams continued to battle each other, setting the stage for another winner-take-all Game 7 in St. Louis on October 10, 1968. In this game <mask> was matched against Tigers pitcher Mickey Lolich and the two proceeded to hold their opponents scoreless for the first six innings.In the top of the


texts:
 seventh, <mask> retired the first two batters before allowing two consecutive singles. Detroit batter Jim Northrup then hit a two-run triple over the head of center fielder Curt Flood, leading to Detroit's Series win. The overall pitching statistics in MLB's 1968 season, led by <mask> and McLain's record-setting performances, are often cited as one of the reasons for Major League Baseball's decision to alter pitching-related rules. Sometimes known as the "Gibson rules", MLB lowered the pitcher's mound in 1969 from  to  and reduced the height of the strike zone from the batter's armpits to the jersey letters. 1969–1975
Aside from the rule changes set to take effect in 1969, cultural and monetary influences increasingly began impacting baseball, as evidenced by nine players from the Cardinals' 1968 roster who had not reported by the first week of spring training due to the status of their contracts. On February 4, 1969, <mask> appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, and said the Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA) had suggested players consider striking before the upcoming season began. However, <mask> himself had no immediate contract worries, as the $125,000 salary <mask> requested for 1969 was agreed to by team owner Gussie Busch and the Cardinals, setting a new franchise record for the highest single-season salary.Despite the significant rule changes, <mask>'s status as one of the league's best pitchers was not immediately affected. In 1969 he went 20–13 with a 2.18 ERA, 4 shutouts, and 28 complete games. On May 12, 1969, <mask> struck out three batters on nine pitches in the seventh

masks: Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson Gibson


texts: inning of a 6–2 win over the Los Angeles Dodgers. <mask> became the ninth National League pitcher and the 15th pitcher in Major League history to throw an "immaculate inning". After pitching into the tenth inning of the July 4 game against the Cubs, <mask> was removed from a game without finishing an inning for the first time in more than 60 consecutive starts, a streak spanning two years. After participating in the 1969 All-Star Game (his seventh selection), <mask> set another mark on August 16 when he became the third pitcher in Major League history to reach the 200-strikeout plateau in seven different seasons. <mask> experienced an up-and-down 1970 season, marked at the low point by a July slump where he resorted to experimenting with a knuckleball for the first time in his career.Just as quickly, <mask> returned to form, starting a streak of seven wins on July 28, and pitching all 14 innings of a 5–4 win against the San Diego Padres on August 12. He would go on to win his fourth and final NL Player of the Month award for August (6–0, 2.31 ERA, 55 SO). <mask> won 23 games in 1970, and was once again named the NL Cy Young Award winner. <mask> was sometimes used by the Cardinals as a pinch-hitter, and in 1970 he hit .303 for the season in 109 at-bats, which was over 100 points higher than teammate Dal Maxvill. For his career, he batted .206 (274 for 1,328) with 44 doubles, 5 triples, 24 home runs (plus two more in the World Series), and 144 RBIs, stealing 13 bases and walking 63 times. <mask> achieved two highlights in August 1971. On the 4th, he defeated the Giants 7–2 at Busch Memorial Stadium for his 200th

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 career victory.Ten days later, he no-hit the eventual World Champion Pittsburgh Pirates 11–0 at Three Rivers Stadium. Three of his 10 strikeouts in the game were to Willie Stargell, including the game's final out. The no-hitter was the first in Pittsburgh since Nick Maddox at Exposition Park in 1907; none had been pitched in the 62-year (mid-1909-to-mid-1970) history of Three Rivers Stadium's predecessor, Forbes Field. He was the second pitcher in Major League Baseball history, after Walter Johnson, to strike out more than 3,000 batters and the first to do so in the National League. He accomplished this at home at Busch Stadium on July 17, 1974; the victim was César Gerónimo of the Cincinnati Reds. <mask> began the 1972 season by going 0–5 but broke Jesse Haines's club record for victories on June 21 and finished the year with 19 wins. During the summer of 1974, <mask> felt hopeful he could put together a winning streak, but he continually encountered swelling in his knee.In January 1975, <mask> announced he would retire at the end of the 1975 season, admittedly using baseball to help cope with his recent divorce from his former wife, Charline. During the 1975 season, he went 3–10 with a 5.04 ERA. In the eight seasons from 1963 to 1970, <mask> posted a win–loss record of 156–81, for a .658 winning percentage. He won nine Gold Glove Awards, was awarded the World Series MVP Award in 1964 and 1967, and won Cy Young Awards in 1968 and 1970. Don't mess with "Hoot"

<mask> was a fierce competitor who rarely smiled and was known to throw brushback pitches to establish dominance over the strike-zone and intimidate the

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 batter, similar to his contemporary and fellow Hall of Famer Don Drysdale. Even so, <mask> had good control and hit only 102 batters in his career (fewer than Drysdale's 154). <mask> was surly and brusque even with his teammates.When his catcher Tim McCarver went to the mound for a conference, <mask> brushed him off, saying "The only thing you know about pitching is that it's hard to hit." <mask> casually disregarded his reputation for intimidation, though, saying that he made no concerted effort to seem intimidating. However, there is an interview in which he admits that if a batter homered off one of his best pitches, he would hit that batter in his next at bat. He joked in an interview with a St. Louis public radio station that the only reason he made faces while pitching was because he needed glasses and could not see the catcher's signals. Post-playing career
Before <mask> returned to his home in Omaha at the end of the 1975 season, Cardinals general manager Bing Devine offered him an undefined job that was contingent on approval from higher-ranking club officials. Unsure of his future career path, <mask> declined and used the motor home the Cardinals had given him as a retirement gift to travel across the western United States during the 1975 offseason. Returning to Omaha, <mask> continued to serve on the board of a local bank, was at one point the principal investor in radio station KOWH, and started "Gibson's Spirits and Sustenance" restaurant, sometimes working twelve-hour days as owner/operator.<mask> returned to baseball in 1981 after accepting a coaching job with Joe Torre, who was then manager of the


texts:
 New York Mets. Torre termed <mask>'s position "attitude coach", the first such title in Major League history. After Torre and his coaching staff were let go at the end of the 1981 season, Torre moved on to manage the Atlanta Braves in 1982, hiring <mask> as a pitching coach. The Braves proceeded to challenge for the National League pennant for the first time since 1969, ultimately losing to the Cardinals in the 1982 National League Championship Series. <mask> remained with Torre on the Braves' coaching staff until the end of the 1984 season. <mask> then took to hosting a pre- and postgame show for Cardinals baseball games on radio station KMOX from 1985 until 1989. <mask> also served as color commentator for baseball games on ESPN in 1990 but declined an option to continue the position over concerns he would have to spend too much time away from his family.In 1995, <mask> again served as pitching coach on a Torre-led staff, this time returning to the Cardinals. Personal life
<mask> was a father to three children: two with his first wife, Charline, and one with his second wife, Wendy. <mask>'s interests included playing guitar. In 1968 he performed on The Ed Sullivan Show along with his 1968 World Series opponent Denny McLain, an accomplished organist. In July 2019, <mask>'s longtime agent Dick Zitzmann announced that <mask> had been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer several weeks earlier and was due to begin chemotherapy. <mask> died on October 2, 2020, at age 84, under hospice care after fighting pancreatic cancer for more than a year. Honors

<mask>'s jersey number 45 was retired by the St. Louis Cardinals on

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 September 1, 1975.In 1981 he was inducted into the Baseball Hall Of Fame. In 1999 he ranked Number 31 on The Sporting News list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was elected to the Major League Baseball All-Century Team. He has a star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame. A bronze statue of <mask> by Harry Weber is located in front of Busch Stadium, commemorating <mask> along with other St. Louis Cardinals greats. Another statue of <mask> was unveiled outside of Werner Park in <mask>'s home city, Omaha, Nebraska, in 2013. The street on the north side of Rosenblatt Stadium, former home of the College World Series in his hometown of Omaha, is named <mask> Boulevard. In January 2014, the Cardinals announced <mask> among 22 former players and personnel to be inducted into the St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame Museum for the inaugural class of 2014.At the time of his death, <mask> still led the  Cardinals franchise's pitching records in wins (251), games started (482), complete games (255), shutouts (56), innings pitched (3,884.1) and strikeouts (3,117) along with a 2.91 ERA. Career MLB statistics
Pitching

Records held

 National League Shutout Championships in Live-Ball Era: Led or tied four times in 1962 (5), 1966 (5), 1968 (13), and 1971 (5). Record shared with Warren Spahn. Pete Alexander was a six-time shutout champion from 1911 to 1921. Gold Gloves for Pitchers: Nine consecutive Gold Gloves (1965–1973) is third all-time among pitchers. Single-Season Earned Run Average: 1.12 ERA during 1968 is the lowest in live-ball era and third-best all-time. Most Strikeouts During a World Series Game': 17 strikeouts during

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<mask> (born 18 November 1954) is an Argentine electrical engineer who served as foreign minister of Argentina from 2015 to 2017. She was announced for the position by President Mauricio Macri on 24 November 2015. Prior to that she was Chef de Cabinet to the Executive Office at the United Nations, appointed by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in March 2012. Upon learning of <mask>'s appointment as Minister in Argentina, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon congratulated her, adding that: "Ms. Malcorra has served the United Nations with great distinction. [...] I know from my conversations with world leaders and civil society that Ms. Malcorra is well-respected across the world." On May 29, 2017 <mask> announced her resignation from the position as foreign minister to move to Madrid to be closer to her family and was succeeded by Jorge Faurie, the Argentine ambassador to France, on June 12. <mask> is currently Dean of the IE School of Global and Public Affairs at IE University in Madrid.Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born in Rosario, in the province of Santa Fe. She graduated as an electrical engineer from the University of Rosario. Between 1979 and 1993 she worked at IBM, and in 1993 she joined Telecom Argentina. Career

Malcorra served as the United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Field Support. She was appointed by Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in March 2008, succeeding Jane Holl Lute. Prior to that, she had been chief operating officer and deputy executive director of the World Food Programme, where she oversaw emergency and humanitarian operations in more than 80 countries. During the tsunami emergency in December 2004, she led the first phase of the operational response and mustered human resources, budget, finance, information, technology, telecommunications, administration and security to deal with the disaster.She had more than 25 years of experience in the private sector before joining the WFP. She started her career at IBM Argentina in 1979. During her fourteen years in the company, she held several different positions, the last one being Branch Manager for Public Sector and

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Susana Mabel Malcorra
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 Services. She was assigned to the headquarters in 1986 as part of the Management Development Programme. She left IBM Argentina in January 1993 to join Telecom Argentina. During her tenure at Telecom Argentina she again held various responsibilities, from Regional Manager and Head of the Mass Market Unit to chief operating officer. In 2001 she was appointed CEO of the company.In November 2015, Argentine President-Elect Macri announced her as future foreign minister. Since her first day in charge, she has been changing Argentina's foreign policy, making a distance from Bolivarian axes, and returning to a very close relationship with the United States and the European countries. Minister of Foreign Relations
As Minister of Foreign Relations, and with the support of President Mauricio Macri, she revitalized bilateral relations with the United States and Europe, reviewed the fundamentals of Mercosur, evaluated alternatives that involve more free trade and the country returned to a single exchange rate, which It allowed the reactivation of commodity exports and attracted foreign direct investment. United Nations Secretary-General selection

Minister <mask> was a candidate to replace Ban Ki-moon as secretary general of the UN starting in January 2017. She has been asked several questions about accountability for harms caused by UN Peacekeeper troops. On 8 June, in response to a question by the Ambassador of Lichtenstein regarding accountability for the cholera outbreak in Haiti started by a deployment of UN Peacekeepers, Malcorra replied, "It is now in legal process, I'm not privy to it so it's hard for me to fully answer the question without getting into an arena that I'm not fully in. It's clear the UN is invested a lot to build up the infrastructure of Haiti based on the cholera experience/chain reaction so that is something that the UN needs to do more.The trust established was not fully filled so there is an element of working with the Haitians to handle cholera. On the specifics, I'd rather wait to be better informed." Most of the candidates for secretary general, all of whom have less extensive UN


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 experience have taken a position in favor of stronger UN accountability, including compensation to the victims. In terms of UN accountability for sexual assault and exploitation by UN troops, she stated, ""The Organization's efforts to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse in all manifestations and, where it does occur, to support victims and hold accountable those responsible, requires our utmost priority in order to fulfill the obligations incumbent upon us. This must be done with the political will that can only be derived from a full partnership with Member States." Responding the U.S. on the same subject, she emphasized, "I think we have to go beyond what we have today and that's why I've proposed this question of the code of conduct." Other activities
 IE University, Dean, School of Global and Public Affairs
 International Crisis Group (ICG), Board of Trustees (since 2019)
 IE Business School, Transatlantic Relations Initiative Distinguished Fellow
 Inter-American Dialogue, Member of the Board of Directors
 World Economic Forum (WEF), Member of the Global Future Council on Geopolitics (2018-2019)

Honors and awards
 : Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic
 : Grand Cross of the Order of the Condor of the Andes

Personal life
She is married and has one son.She describes herself as an atheist. See also

List of female foreign ministers
List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Worship
List of foreign ministers in 2017
List of foreign ministers in 2016
List of foreign ministers in 2015
Foreign relations of Argentina

References

External links

|-

1954 births
Argentine engineers
Chief operating officers
Electrical engineers
Female foreign ministers
Foreign ministers of Argentina
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic
Living people
Argentine atheists
National University of Rosario alumni
People from Rosario, Santa Fe
Recipients of the Order of Isabella the Catholic
Under-Secretaries-General of the United Nations
World Food Programme people
Women government ministers of Argentina
Argentine officials of the United Nations
Members of the Inter-American


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<mask> (12 October 1811 – 12 June 1872) was a British physician, zoologist and botanist. He was a pioneering ornithologist who described numerous species of birds in India. Several species of plants (including the genus Jerdonia) and birds including <mask>'s baza, <mask>'s leafbird, <mask>'s bushlark, <mask>'s nightjar, Jerdon's courser, <mask>'s babbler and <mask>'s bush chat are named after him. Early life
<mask> was the eldest son of <mask> of Bonjedward, near Jedburgh, and was born at Biddick House in County Durham. His early education was at Bishopton Grove near Ripon and later at Bawtry near Doncaster. His father influenced an interest in natural history and although not a well-known naturalist, he was a careful observer and while <mask> took an interest mainly in zoology, his younger brother became an active botanist. <mask> joined Edinburgh University in 1828 as a literary student but attended classes in natural history by Professor Robert Jameson.He joined the Plinian Society, an association of naturalists (another member of which was <mask>), on 23 June 1829. He graduated as a medical student in 1829-1830 and continued medical studies before obtaining an assistant surgeonship in the East India Company's service. He was appointed on 11 September 1835 and he arrived at Madras on 21 February 1836. India

His initial work in India was in dealing with fever and dysentery that affected the troops posted in the Ganjam district. During this posting, he described the birds of the Eastern Ghats. On 1 March 1837 he moved to the 2nd Light Cavalry and was posted at Trichinopoly and moved with the regiment to Jalnah in central India. He remained in the Deccan region for the next four years.In 1841 he visited the Nilgiri Hills on leave and in July of the same year he married Flora Alexandrina

masks:
Thomas Caverhill Jerdon
Jerdon
Jerdon
Jerdon
Jerdon
Jerdon
Jerdon
Thomas
Archibald Jerdon
Thomas
Thomas
Charles Darwin


texts: Matilda Macleod, niece of General Lewis Wentworth Watson. Flora had an interest in botanical art and took an interest in orchids. She was also an excellent guitarist. Around 1845 the Jerdon's lived in their Ooty home Woodside, (Woodside originally belonged to General Watson) and their children were baptised at the local St. Stephens church. Six months later he was appointed Civil Surgeon of Nellore. At Nellore, he interacted with the Yanadi tribes and obtained information on local names of birds and studied the natural history of the area. On 25 October 1844 he was transferred to Fort St. George as Garrison Assistant-Surgeon.During this time he took an interest in the fishes of the Bay of Bengal. On 12 February 1847 he was appointed Civil Surgeon of Tellicherry. This position led him to describe many species from the Malabar region including ants such as the distinctive Harpegnathos saltator. He resigned from civil charge on 3 June 1851 and was promoted as Surgeon with the 4th Light Cavalry in Sagar on 29 February 1852. After peace regained following the 1857 revolts, he was made Surgeon Major on 1 October 1858. He subsequently went to Darjeeling on sick leave and studied the Himalayan fauna before joining back into the 11th Native Infantry regiment in Burma and making use of that opportunity to study the region. Around 1861 a mission to Tibet was to be conducted by Captain E. Smythe and <mask> was to accompany the group (which included Dr Stewart of the Saharanpur botanical garden; Capt.Bassevi, meteorologist; and Medlicott, geologist) as botanist but failure to obtain passports from Pekin led to the mission being cancelled. Around the same time Lord <mask> enabled him to take special duty that would allow him to work on the publication of a series of books on the vertebrates of India.

masks: Jerdon Canning


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 This began with his works on the Birds of India, followed by works on the mammals, reptiles and fish. On 28 February 1868 he retired from service and he was given the honorary position of Deputy Inspector-General of hospitals in Madras on 28 October 1868. While still in Gauhati, Assam he suffered a severe attack of fever and moved to Calcutta to convalesce but his condition deteriorated leading to his return to England in June 1870. In 1871 he became a member of the Berwickshire Natural History Society and joined them on walks. His health however continued to decline and he died at Aubyns Road, Upper Norwood on 12 June 1872, and was buried in West Norwood Cemetery.He discussed the birds of India with his neighbourhood friend and ornithologist Dresser just hours before his death. Flora died at her home in 40 Marina on 24 August 1910 and was buried at the Hastings Borough Cemetery. Natural history
<mask> started collecting birds almost immediately on arrival in India on 21 February 1836. He sent his collections of birds collected during his early travels to William Jardine for identification, but by the time they arrived at Jardine's house in Scotland they had become infested by moths. <mask> trusted his own identifications from then on, publishing A Catalogue of the Birds of the Indian Peninsula for the Madras Journal of Literature and Science (1839–40). This included 420 species, almost doubling the list produced earlier by Colonel W. H. Sykes. The want of brief, but comprehensive Manual of the Natural History of India has been long felt by all interested in such inquiries.At the present, it is necessary to search through voluminous transactions of learned Societies, and scientific Journals, to obtain any general acquaintance with what has been already ascertained regarding the Fauna of

masks: Jerdon Jerdon


texts: India, and, excepting to a few more favorably placed, even these are inaccessible. The issue of a Manual, which should comprise all available information in sufficient detail for the discrimination and identification of such objects of Natural History as might be met with, without being rendered cumbrous by minutiae of synonymy or of history, has therefore long been considered a desideratum. To meet this want it is proposed to publish a series of such Manuals for all the Vertebrated Animals of India, containing characters of all the classes, orders, families, and genera, and descriptions of all the species of all Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, and Fishes, found in India. Prospectus in his Birds of India regarding the proposed The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. <mask>'s most important publication was The Birds of India (1862–64), which included over 1008 species in two volumes with the second volume in two parts. This work was dedicated to Lord <mask> and Lord Elgin who supported the venture. This work was not without its critics.A reviewer pointed out that <mask> seemed unaware of the significance of geographic distributions in evolutionary relatedness. <mask> was an admirer of the Quinarian classification of Swainson. <mask>'s opinion on Darwin's theory was that it "perhaps, lays too much stress on external and fortuitous circumstances as producing varieties, and not enough on the inherent power of change." The reviewer also pointed out problems in his usage of George Gray's arrangement of the bird classes and states: "In thus following the phantasies of Kaup, and the mad vagaries of Bonaparte (in his latest writings), we cannot believe that Dr. <mask> has acted well for his own reputation, nor wisely as regards the class of readers for whom his volumes are specially

masks: Jerdon Canning Jerdon Jerdon Jerdon Jerdon


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 intended." <mask> documented the local names of many birds although he did not follow a consistent spelling for Hindi and Urdu words. <mask>'s other major work was the Illustrations of Indian Ornithology in 1844, which included illustration made by Indian artists (some from Trichinopoly), about which  he wrote in his later works:

Other works included The Game Birds and Wildfowl of India (1864) and Mammals of India (1874). He had a wide interest in natural history and his studies include descriptions of plants, ants, amphibians, reptiles, birds as well as mammals.<mask> was instrumental in the birth of The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma series. The need for a work on the Indian fauna was felt and it was finally approved by the Secretary of state and was placed under the editorship of W. T. Blanford. R. A. Sterndale mentions a note from <mask> on an otter that he kept as a pet (probably at Tellicherry)

His work on the reptiles of India was not completed and it was only after his death that the proofs were sent to his home. In 1874 several volumes with his original drawings of reptiles were auctioned by Messrs. Sotheby, Wilkinson and Hodge. Some of these illustrations were purchased by Lord Lilford. Apart from zoology, he also took an interest in botany, although he did not publish on the topic and instead communicated notes to botanists such as Robert Wight. Wight notes that:

In his personal matters he was said to be careless and forgetful.He often had trouble with his creditors and during the time of his death he was found to be insolvent. <mask> has also been noted as being rash. On one occasion, he tried catching a cobra by the tail and got bitten on the tip of finger which he slashed with a pocket knife. He was also nearly strangled by a pet python that he kept.

masks: Jerdon Jerdon Jerdon Jerdon Jerdon


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 Eponyms
<mask> is honored in the specific names of three species of lizards (Calotes jerdoni, Cnemaspis jerdonii, Ophisops jerdonii ) and three species of snakes (Hydrophis jerdonii, Protobothrops jerdonii, Indotyphlops jerdoni ). Francis Day named Hypselobarbus jerdoni and Amblypharyngodon jerdoni after <mask>, the latter however is a junior synonym. Writings

(1840) Cuculus himalayanus sp.n. Madras J. Literature and Science 11: 12-13. (1842) Cuculus venustus sp. n. Madras J. Literature and Science 13: 140. (1843–1847) Illustrations of Indian ornithology. American Mission Press, Madras.(1849) On the fresh water fishes of southern India . Madras Journal of Literature and Science 15:139-149,302-346. (1851) A catalogue of the species of ants found in southern India. Madras J. Lit. Sci. 17:103-127 (reprinted  in 1854 as A catalogue of the species of ants found in southern India. Ann.Mag. Nat. Hist. (2)13:45-56, 100-110.) (1853) Catalogue of Reptiles inhabiting the Peninsula of India. J. Asiat. Soc.153. (1863) The Birds of India. Volume I 1857 (30 May 1863)
(1864) The Birds of India. Volume II, Part I 1895 (20 February 1864)
(1864) The Birds of India. Volume III 1931 (29 October 1864)
(1870) Notes on Indian Herpetology. P. Asiatic Soc. Bengal March 1870: 66-85.(1874) The mammals of India: natural history. John Wheldon, London. See also
:Category:Taxa named by <mask><mask>'s ant publications
 Dates of publications of <mask>'s catalogue
 Mammals of India
Birds of India Vol 1 Vol 2 part 1 Vol 3
The Game birds and Wild fowl of India (1864)
 Illustrations of Indian ornithology (1847)

1811 births
1872 deaths
People from Jedburgh
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
English zoologists
English entomologists
Myrmecologists
British ornithologists
Burials at West Norwood Cemetery
British East India

masks:
Jerdon
Jerdon
Thomas C
. Jerdonrdon
Jerdon


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<mask> () (born <mask>, 7 February 1958 in Mexico City) is an adult-contemporary pop singer who is billed simply as "Mijares". He began his career at age 23 and achieved high popularity from the mid-80s to mid 90s in Hispanic-America and Japan mainly. From 1997 to 2011 he was married to Mexican singer/actress Lucero, with whom he has two children. Biography
He was born in Hospital Español in Mexico City. His mother was a dance teacher and he names her as an artistic influence. As a child, he was part of the elementary school chorus. He later formed musical groups with friends.As an adult, he received a degree in business administration in the Intercontinental University (Universidad Intercontinental México). On March 4, 2011, after 14 years of marriage, he and Lucero announced to the media that they had separated. 1981 to 1989
He made his professional debut in 1981 in a local festival called Valores Juveniles. After living in Japan, where he performed in a nightclub, Mijares worked as a background singer for Latin pop star Emmanuel. In 1985, he represented Mexico in the OTI Festival, earning "Revelation of the Festival". In 1986, he started his solo career after signing with EMI, issuing a self-titled album that featured his first international hits: "Bella" ("Beautiful woman"), "Soñador"  ("Dreamer"), "Poco a poco" ("Little by little") and "Siempre" ("Always"), the latter composed by the Nicaraguan songwriter Hernaldo Zúñiga. His debut album was originally credited to "<mask>es", but the disc was later reissued with the billing changed to simply "Mijares."All subsequent recordings were billed under the name "<mask>." He made his debut as an actor in the 1987 movie Escápate Conmigo. The film was a hit, but his acting career has been limited to cameos, however it was on that shoot he met his wife. The album Amor y Rock And Roll was released the same year, achieving more success

masks:
Manuel Mijares
José Manuel Mijares Morán
Manuel Mijar
Mijares


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 through the single "No se murió el amor" ("The love did not die"), it was his breakout release around the world, it became a number one hit in Mexico and top ten in Japan in the summer of 1987. The album's second single "Un montón de verano" ("A heap of summer"), is also a Hernaldo Zúñiga's composition. <mask> earned the gold medal at the  Yamaha Music Festival, something that few Latin singers have achieved. Both Uno Entre Mil (1988) and Un Hombre Discreto (1989) continued his winning streak, achieving gold and platinum certification.Singles included "Soldado del amor" ("Soldier of love"), "Uno entre mil" ("One among a thousand"),  "Baño de Mujeres" ("Ladies Room") and "Para Amarnos Más" ("To love each other more"), it was the biggest hit from the album, the single reached the top position in Mexico, Argentina and Spain; it also peaked at number three on the U.S Hot Latin Tracks chart. He also performed on the Spanish-language soundtrack of Walt Disney Pictures's Oliver & Company. The 1990s
In 1990, <mask> released a one-off album recorded in Italian, Nuda liberta. He then followed with Que Nada Nos Separe, which became one of the biggest-selling discs in his career. In 1992, he released Maria Bonita, a collection of boleros with the title track serving as a tribute to actress María Félix. Bebu Silvetti produced the album, which became <mask>' biggest-selling album to date. The disc was named album of the year by El Heraldo.The same year, he performed the Spanish-language version of the title track to the movie Beauty and the Beast along with Rocío Banquells. In 1993, he performed the theme of the telenovela Corazón salvaje, a major hit single. The song was included on the disc Encadenado. In 1996, technology allowed <mask> to sing with the deceased Pedro Infante on the well-received Querido Amigo. On January 18, 1997, he married Lucero. The news of their marriage would become an

masks: Mijares Mijares Mijares Mijares


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 international event and Televisa earned the rights to televise it, gaining more than 40 million viewers. In 1998, El Privilegio de Amar achieved platinum status in Mexico, powered by the title track, which featured Lucero on backing vocals.2000 - present
In 2000, DreamWorks selected him to perform three songs by Elton John in Spanish for The Road to El Dorado. This same year he released Historias de un Amor, in which he co-wrote some of the songs. <mask>' 2004 album, Cappuccino, was highlighted by a duet with Canadian singer-songwriter Gino Vannelli. In 2005, Mijares released Honor a Quien Honor Merece, a tribute to Mexican star José José, whom he considers one of his main influences. The album received gold and platinum certification in Mexico. Also successful was Acompañame, a duet album with Yuri that achieved platinum certification in 2006. His 2008 album Hablemos de Amor performed well on the charts, powered by the hit "Te ha robado" ("He has stolen you"), which was the theme from the telenovela Querida Enemiga.The following year, <mask> moved to Warner Music Latina for the album Vivir Así. The disc reached No. 2 on the official Amprofon lists and spent more than two months in the top 10. It was certified Gold during its eighth week of release and received platinum certification a few weeks later. A sequel, Vivir Así Volumen II, was released on April 13, 2010; the album reached the top 10 and earned Gold certification. In 2011, he celebrated the 25th anniversary of his music career with two sold-out concerts at the Auditorio Nacional in Mexico City. A CD/DVD set capturing the show was issued in September as Mijares 25: Zona Preferente.The release debuted at No. 2 on the official Amprofon chart during its first week of release. It was certified gold a week later. His 2013 release Canto Por Ti debuted at No. 1 in Mexico, ultimately spending five non-consecutive weeks in the top

masks: Mijares Mijares


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<mask> (27 July 188225 May 1974) was an English film actor as well as an early producer, director and screenwriter. His career lasted from the early silent film era into the 1960s. He won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1942 for his performance in How Green Was My Valley. Early life
<mask> was born <mask> in Bow, London, in a family home on 27 July 1882. He was the youngest of ten children (four boys and six girls) born to Elizabeth (née Christy) and <mask>, a labourer. He was educated locally and in 1901 was living with his parents and working as a driver of a horse-drawn vehicle. Crisp made a number of claims about his early life that were eventually proven false decades after his death.He claimed that he was born in 1880 in Aberfeldy in Perthshire, Scotland, and even went so far as to maintain a Scottish accent throughout his life in Hollywood. In fact, he had no connections to Scotland, but in 1996, a plaque commemorating him was unveiled by Scottish comedian Jimmy Logan in Crisp's supposed hometown of Aberfeldy. He claimed on alternative occasions that his father was a cattle farmer, a country doctor or a royal physician to King Edward VII. He also claimed that he was educated at Eton and Oxford, and that he served as a trooper in the 10th Hussars in the Boer War. Early career

While travelling on the SS Carmania to the United States in July 1906, <mask>'s singing talents during a ship's concert caught the attention of opera impresario John C. Fisher, who immediately offered him a job with his company. Crisp spent his first year in New York City in the Grand Opera, and the following year as a stage director. It was while touring with the company in the United States and Cuba that Crisp first became interested in the theatre.By 1910, <mask>, now using the name

masks:
Donald William Crisp
Donald Crisp
George William Crisp
James Crisp
Crisp
Crisp


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 <mask> (he retained George as a middle name), was working as a stage manager for the renowned entertainer, composer, playwright and director George M. Cohan. It was during this time he met and befriended film director D.W. Griffith. When Griffith ventured west, to seek his fortune in Hollywood in 1912, <mask> accompanied him. From 1908 to 1930, <mask>, in addition to directing dozens of films, also appeared in nearly 100 silent films, though many in bit or small parts. One notable exception was his casting by Griffith as General Ulysses S. Grant in Griffith's landmark film The Birth of a Nation in 1915. Another was his role in Griffith's 1919 film Broken Blossoms as "Battling Burrows", the brutal and abusive father of the film's heroine, Lucy Burrows (played by Lillian Gish; the actress was only 11 years his junior). Director
<mask> worked as an assistant to Griffith for several years and learned much during this time from Griffith, an early master of film story telling who was influential in advancing a number of early techniques, such as cross cutting in editing his films.This experience fostered a similar passion in <mask> to become a director in his own right. His first directing credit was Little Country Mouse, made in 1914. Many directors (and actors) would find themselves turning out a dozen or more films in a single year at this time. Over the next fifteen years, <mask> directed some 70 films in all, most notably The Navigator (1924) with Buster Keaton and Don Q, Son of Zorro (1925) with Douglas Fairbanks. When asked later by an interviewer why he eventually gave up directing and returned full-time to acting, <mask> commented that directing had become extremely wearisome because he was so often called upon, if not forced, to do favours for studio chiefs by agreeing to

masks: Donald Crisp Crisp Crisp Crisp Crisp Crisp


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 employ their relatives in his films. His final directorial effort was the film The Runaway Bride (1930). Military career
Between working for Griffith and other producers, along with his many acting roles, <mask> managed to return to Britain, where he served in army intelligence during the First World War (1914–1918).During the Second World War (1939–1945), <mask> answered the call to duty at a time when his acting career was at its peak. This time, he served in United States Army Reserve, where he rose to the rank of colonel. Return to acting

With the advent of "talkies", <mask> abandoned directing and devoted himself entirely to acting after 1930. He became a much sought after character actor. Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, he appeared in a wide range of roles alongside some of the era's biggest stars, including Katharine Hepburn in The Little Minister (1934) and A Woman Rebels (1936), Charles Laughton and Clark Gable in Mutiny on the Bounty (1935), Bette Davis and Henry Fonda in That Certain Woman (1937) and Jezebel (1938), Laurence Olivier in Wuthering Heights (1939), Errol Flynn in The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (1939) and The Sea Hawk (1940) and Gregory Peck in The Valley of Decision (1945). A versatile supporting actor, <mask> could be equally good in lovable or sinister roles. During the same period he was playing loving father figures  or charming old codgers in classic films like National Velvet and Lassie Come Home, he also turned in a well-received performance as Commander Beach, the tormented presumptive grandfather in Lewis Allen's The Uninvited (1944).Undoubtedly, however, <mask>'s most memorable role was as the taciturn but loving father in How Green Was My Valley (1941) directed by John Ford. The film received ten Oscar nominations, winning five,

masks: Crisp Crisp Crisp Crisp Crisp


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 including Best Picture, with <mask> winning the Oscar for Best Supporting Actor in 1942. Hollywood power broker
<mask> was an active and important liaison between the film industry and outside business interests. His extensive experience in business, the military and entertainment, including being a production and studio executive, lent itself well to this task. He became a highly valued adviser whose clear-headed forward thinking proved invaluable to the Bank of America, which was one of the leading sources of working capital for the film industry for many years (an industry whose life blood was loans). <mask> served on the bank's advisory board for several decades, including a stint as its chairman. In this role, he had the ear of its   board of directors, and many of the films eventually financed by the bank during the 1930s and 1940s got their most important approval from Crisp.Later years and legacy
<mask> eventually became one of the more wealthy members of the film industry. His "banker's sobriety", extensive contacts and clarity of thought allowed him to make good investments, particularly in the real estate market. He continued to appear in films throughout the 1950s and into the early 1960s. During more than half a century as an actor, he appeared in as many as 400 two-reel and feature-length productions, perhaps a great deal more. John Carradine, who counted over 500 films to his own credit (the Internet Movie Database records over 300), told his son Keith, who repeated the story during a 2018 Gilbert Gottfried podcast, that only <mask> had appeared in more movies. <mask>'s final screen role was as Grandpa Spencer alongside former film co-stars Henry Fonda and Maureen O'Hara in the 1963 film Spencer's Mountain. This film, adapted from the novel by Earl Hamner, Jr., was

masks:
Crisp
Crisp
Crisp
Crisp
Donald Crisp
Crisp


texts:
 the basis for the 1970s television series The Waltons.<mask> was in his eighties by the time he quit acting entirely, continuing to work long after it was financially necessary simply because he enjoyed it. He was married three times. In 1912, he married actress Helen Pease, and they remained together until her death the following year. In 1917, he married Marie Stark, whom he divorced in 1920; she went on to act in silent films as <mask>. In 1932, he married film screenwriter Jane Murfin, whom he divorced in 1944. He died in 1974, a few months short of his 92nd birthday, due to complications from a series of strokes. In addition to being one of the premier character actors of his era, he left behind an extensive list of contributions to the film industry he worked to promote for more than fifty years.He is buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California. He was a staunch Republican who campaigned for Thomas Dewey in 1944. On February 8, 1960, <mask> received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion pictures industry at 1628 Vine Street. Partial filmography

As actor

The French Maid (1908, Short)
Through the Breakers (1909, Short) as At the Club
Sunshine Sue (1910, Short) as Head of Sweatshop
A Plain Song (1910, Short) as at station
A Child's Stratagem (1910, Short) as policeman
The Golden Supper (1910, Short) as courtier (uncredited)
Winning Back His Love (1910, Short) as at stage door
The Two Paths (1911, Short) as footman
Heart Beats of Long Ago (1911, Short) as courtier
What Shall We Do with Our Old? Snyder
Red Dust (1932) as Guidon, overseer
Broadway Bad (1933) as Darrall
The Crime Doctor (1934) as D.A. Mr. Anthony
The Key (1934) as Peadar Conlan
The Life of Vergie Winters (1934) as Mike Davey
British Agent (1934) as

masks:
Crisp
Marie Crisp
Crisp