texts: wood to create timeless, melodic rock music. High on total energy yet grounded by killer hooks and playing". Craig Mathieson of The Sydney Morning Herald noted their style "alternated between impassioned Neil Young workouts and Who-like eruptions". In January 2004 <mask> was nominated as Best Lead Guitarist at the inaugural Jack Awards. In October that year Nic Cester of Jet organised a charity project, The Wrights, to raise money for Australian musician, Stevie Wright. The supergroup recorded a cover version of Wright's signature song, "Evie", which was an 11-minute hit single from 1974. <mask> provided rhythm guitar for Part 1 of "Evie", titled "Let Your Hair Hang Down" and lead guitar for Part 3, "I'm Losing You".On 29 January 2005 <mask> performed "Evie" with The Wrights at Waveaid in relief of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, presented at the Sydney Cricket Ground. "Evie" by The Wrights was issued in February 2005, which peaked at No. 2 on the ARIA Singles Chart. Since 2005 <mask> has periodically played in Jimmy Barnes' backing band for touring and live recording. In June 2005 The Pictures' debut album, Pieces of Eight, appeared. Mathieson felt that its "best moments, such as the melancholic 'All My Ties' and opener 'Stupid Me', forsake the usual bravado of first albums for a more reflective tone". In 2007 he joined Crowded House for their tour in Europe and Australia, temporarily replacing Liam Finn on miscellaneous guitar, keyboard and backup vocal duties.Late in 2008 <mask>'s groups each released an album: both You Am I's Dilettantes (September) and The Pictures' Kicking Indifference (November). On 6 September 2013, <mask> issued his debut solo

masks: Lane Lane Lane Lane Lane Lane


type: original

texts:
 extended play, The Good Borne of Bad Tymes, which was supported by a national tour in September and October. The Heralds Jade Lazarevic described its "five tracks are a departure from <mask>’s retro rock roots, with synths influenced by '70s groups such as the Gary Numan-fronted Tubeway Army and German electronic pioneers Kraftwerk working their way into the sound and even a 'space rock jam' track". Joined The Stems in November 2017 and toured Europe April/May 2018 for the 30th anniversary of The Stems debt album "At First Sight Violets Are Blue". In 2018 he formed a group to back the legendary Todd Rundgren for an Australian tour. According to <mask>, they have also collaborated in the studio on upcoming releases. Since 2016 he has also performed periodically as touring guitarist for Robyn Hitchcock.Movies, television and media
 Contributed to the Dirty Deeds soundtrack. <mask> has made multiple appearances on talk shows and musical presentation programs such as Rove Live, RocKwiz, JTV (now known as Triple J TV), The Carnival with Roy and HG, The Fat, Studio 22, The Gig, 10:30 Slot, as well as getting the honorable privilege of programming the music video program Rage (ABC) with You Am I in 2006. He is also webmaster and an occasional presenter on Melbourne Community Radio station Stereo 974's Let It Be Beatles program. They commenced in 2005.

! |-
| 2021
| <mask>
| Best Musician
|
|
|-

References

General
  Note: Archived [on-line] copy has limited functionality. Specific

External links
 <mask> on Myspace

Australian rock guitarists
1981 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
You Am I members
The Wrights (Australian band) members
21st-century

masks:
Lane
Lane
Lane
David Lane
Davey Lane


texts:
<mask> (born 17 September 1988) is an international youth, and human rights activist. He is a public speaker and a former fellow of the faculty of Law, University of York, England. <mask> is currently a Division Coordinator at the International Monetary Fund in Washington D.C. He is from Ebenebe in Awka North LGA, Anambra state, Nigeria. Education
<mask> has a masters degree in Global Policy from Johns Hopkins University in the United States. He started his primary education at Duro-Oyedoyin primary school surulere Lagos and finished as one of the best pupil, he attended Iponri Estate High School in surulere Lagos for his secondary education. During his time in high school, <mask> and a select few were chosen by their teachers to represent their school at the National Youth AIDS program for peer-educators organised by the Lagos state government and National Union of Teachers Lagos state chapter.<mask> was offered admission to read mass-communication at Nnamdi Azikiwe University in Awka Anambra state but he proceeded to the prestigious Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Edo state, to read English and Literary studies. During his first year at the university, he was voted his class representative after a keenly contested election and he occupied the position till graduation due to his impeccable leadership skills and for constantly advocating for the rights of students in the university. After his undergraduate degree, <mask> proceeded to the University of York in England as visiting fellow in the faculty of law. Career
<mask> worked as a peer-educator in his early days in high school and was trained by the Lagos State Government through the National Youth AIDS program and also through the National Union of Teachers' HIV/AIDS program Lagos chapter. He started at a very

masks:
Stephen Chibuikem Chukwumah
Stephen Chukwumah
Stephen
Stephen
Stephen
Stephen
Stephen


texts: young age, his advocacy and voluntary work with NGO's in Nigeria, working with Most at Risk Populations(MARPS), serving as a youth board member for one of Nigeria's NGO working on sexual health. <mask> started his international work with the Youth Coalition on sexual and reproductive rights in Canada, he served as an International Youth Advisor to the United Nations Fund Population Agency and as an International Advisor to Rutgers Nisso Group through their Youth Incentives program in the Netherlands. He worked as a steering committee member for the HIV Young Leaders Fund, served as a youth activist for Advocates for Youth in Washington DC USA.He is the founder and Executive Director of Improved Youth Health Initiative, working on sexual health and rights for and with young people in Eastern Nigeria. He has a diploma from the RFSU International Training program on Sexual Health and Human Rights in Stockholm Sweden and Cape Town South Africa sponsored by the Swedish government. In May 2013, <mask> with three other representatives from civil society organisations met with the Swedish minister for International Development Cooperation Ms. Gunilla Carlsson to discuss development issues affecting young people in Nigeria and suggest possible ways of co-operation between Sweden and Nigeria. In December of the same year, <mask> wrote an open letter to the Senate President of Nigeria, condemning the governments move to criminalise sexual minorities. In his open letter, he highlighted the ugly impact their actions would have on Nigeria's effort to curb HIV/AIDS. The widely read letter was published on different media platforms with excerpts from the letter appearing in an article in the renowned UK magazine The Economist. In 2013, <mask> became the youngest at the time to be

masks:
Stephen
Stephen Chukwumah
Stephen Chukwumah
Stephen


texts:
 awarded a scholarship to do a fellowship at the Faculty of Law University of York in England.During his time in England, he was invited to a breakfast with the Mayor of York to discuss his work and general human rights issues in Nigeria and the African region. <mask> is also regarded as a refreshing public speaker and has spoken to young girls at the Mount school in York United Kingdom. He was one of the speakers at the Langwith College International Action Week and gave a very well received public talk on sexual rights to professors and students of the faculty of law University of York England. <mask> speaks at international conferences, workshops, trainings and has spoken at the highly acclaimed University of Maryland, USA. He facilitates sessions and workshops at international and local trainings including a session at the 2012 International AIDS conference youth pre-conference. <mask> travels the world working on human rights and sexual health issues and he writes on topics that he is passionate about. He writes about social issues in Nigeria through articles on Jungle Justice, Gender Equality.and an Open Letter to Governor Abiola Ajimobi of Oyo state in south-westerm Nigeria. In November 2016, <mask> was selected as DyNAMC Magazine's Leader for a Changing World and was featured on the front page of their November issue. Acting and dancing
<mask> started acting as a hobby at a young age at home and in church and would then proceed to becoming very popular in secondary school for participating in drama presentations. As a teenager, he started dancing professionally with a dance group in Lagos and they performed at different events and cities in Nigeria. <mask> through his work with Youth Abalaze in Nigeria was featured in a campus soap-opera "Evanessence" but

masks:
Stephen
Stephen
Stephen
Stephen Chukwumah
Stephen
Stephen


texts:
 has since been unreleased. Human rights activism
<mask> is an internationally recognised human rights activist. His involvement with human rights work started in school with advocating for the rights of students which led him into hiding in a remote village in Edo state Nigeria for two weeks after participating in a student protest and challenging the state government on television for increasing school fees.In 2007 he started a youth organisation that provides sexual health and human rights information and services to young sexual minorities. <mask> through his organisation Improved Youth Health Initiative, continues to provide human rights and HIV/AIDS information and services to young minorities with funding and technical support from MTV Staying Alive Foundation and Advocates for Youth. References

External links
http://zimuzo.com/2013/01/11/stephen-chukwumah/
http://youthcoalition.org/html/alumni.php?alumni=1
http://www.hivyoungleadersfund.org/about-us/team/
https://www.law.upenn.edu/journals/jlasc/articles/volume15/issue2/Kossen15U.Pa.J.L.&Soc.Change(2012)143.pdf
http://www.bayelsabookfair.com/stephen-chukwumah/
http://www.conversationsforabetterworld.com/2011/06/get-involved
 http://www.iyhinitiative.org/
http://telegraphng.com/2013/10/campaign-sexual-health-rights-issues-2/

Nigerian activists
Living people
1988

masks:
Stephen Chukwumah
Stephen


texts:
<mask>  (born 30 June 1944) is an English-born Australian singer-songwriter. He was a founding member of rock bands the Twilights, Axiom, Little River Band and post LRB spin-off trio Birtles Shorrock Goble, as well as being a solo performer. The Twilights had eight consecutive national hit singles including "Needle in a Haystack" and "What's Wrong with the Way I Live". Axiom's top 10 hits were "Arkansas Grass", "Little Ray of Sunshine" and "My Baby's Gone". Little River Band had national and international chart success, including the Shorrock-penned "Emma", "Help Is on Its Way" and "Cool Change". <mask> was inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame as a solo artist in 1991 and as a member of Little River Band in 2004. In May 2001, the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA), as part of its 75th-anniversary celebrations, named "Cool Change" as one of the APRA Top 30 Australian songs of all time.Early years
<mask> <mask> was born on 30 June 1944 in Chatham, Kent, England. His family migrated to Adelaide, South Australia, on the Orcades in August 1954 when he was 10. His father, <mask>, was a Yorkshire-born fitter and turner at the Weapons Research Establishment in Salisbury, South Australia. The 1954–55 summer had days of  and Black Sunday bushfires ravaged the Adelaide Hills in January 1955. His London-born mother, <mask>, was not impressed with Australia and she took <mask> and his younger sister back to UK on the Strathmore, only to return to Australia on the Fairsea for a second attempt in 1956. The family

masks:
Glenn Barrie Shorrock
Shorrock
Glenn Barrie
Shorrock
Harry Shorrock
Joyce Shorrock
Shorrock


texts:
 settled in Elizabeth,  north of Adelaide. <mask>'s first public performance took place in 1958 at St Peter's Lutheran church hall in Elizabeth when he mimed to Elvis Presley's recording of "All Shook Up" on a gramophone and strumming on a cardboard guitar.When the record player stopped he was forced to continue singing by himself and realised he had a good voice. In 1962, <mask> formed his first band, the Checkmates, with Clem McCartney, Mike Sykes and Billy Volraat. They were a doo wop harmony group covering the Platters and the Crew Cuts material. Sometimes teaming up with instrumental groups the Vector Men or the Hurricanes, the Checkmates performed in Adelaide cafes and folk clubs. As a result of the Beatles' popularity, members of the Checkmates and the Hurricanes merged to form the Twilights in 1964. The Twilights

In 1964 <mask>, with McCartney as co-lead vocalist, formed the Twilights by merging with the Hurricanes' Frank Barnard on drums, Peter Brideoake on guitar, Terry Britten on guitar and John Bywaters on bass guitar. Their debut single, "I'll Be Where You Are", co-written by <mask> and Britten, was released in June 1965.The band had eight consecutive hit singles, including covers of the Velvelettes' "Needle in a Haystack" and the Hollies' "What's Wrong with the Way I Live" (recorded at Abbey Road Studios in London). With two lead singers, two guitarists and five vocalists, the Twilights performed note-perfect covers of pop-rock songs and were famed for their live prowess. They relocated to Melbourne late in 1965 and were popular with teenage

masks: Shorrock Shorrock Shorrock Shorrock


texts:
 audiences and respected by fellow musicians. In July 1966, they won Hoadley's Battle of the Sounds with the prize including a trip to London. In 1967, shortly after returning from London, the group regularly performed the entire Sgt Pepper's album live in sequence, weeks before it was released in Australia. The Twilights disbanded in January 1969 and <mask> became band manager for Brisbane pop group the Avengers. Axiom

In May 1969 in Melbourne, <mask> formed an early Australian "supergroup", Axiom, with Brian Cadd on keyboards and vocals, Don Mudie on lead guitar (both ex-the Groop), Doug Lavery (The Valentines) on drums and Chris Stockley (Cam-Pact) on guitar.They recorded two highly acclaimed albums, Fool's Gold and If Only ...; and had three top 10 singles, "Arkansas Grass", "Little Ray of Sunshine" and "My Baby's Gone" on the Go-Set national charts. Axiom travelled to UK but disbanded there in March 1971. <mask> remained in the UK to pursue his solo career; he signed with MAM Records and released the self-penned "Let's Get the Band Together" single in October 1971. This was followed by a cover of "Rock'n'Roll Lullaby" (written by Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil) in March 1972. As Andre L'Escargot and His Society Syncopaters, he released "Purple Umbrella" with his backing band being Quartet members Britten, Kevin Peek, Trevor Spencer and Alan Tarney. He joined the multinational progressive rock band Esperanto, which released their debut album, Esperanto Rock Orchestra, in 1973 with the Shorrock-written track "Statue of Liberty". He left Esperanto before their

masks: Shorrock Shorrock Shorrock


texts:
 third album was released in 1974 and performed backing vocals for Cliff Richard.Little River Band

Mississippi was an Australian rock band which was working in the UK with Beeb Birtles on vocals and guitar, Graham Goble (later Graeham Goble) on guitar and vocals and Derek Pellicci on drums. They contacted <mask> (former bass guitarist for the Masters Apprentices) to become their manager. Birtles, previously in Adelaide band Zoot, called <mask> to take part in the line up. <mask> returned to Australia in October 1974 and joined Mississippi in January 1975 in Melbourne. They were soon renamed as Little River Band with the original line up of Birtles, Goble, Pellicci, <mask> and lead guitarist Ric Formosa and bassist Roger McLachlan. The group went on to become one of the most successful bands ever to come out of Australia and the first to achieve major commercial success in the United States. For Little River Band, <mask> wrote the hits "Emma", "Help Is on Its Way" (Australian No.1) and "Cool Change". While still a member of Little River Band, <mask> released a solo single, a cover of Bobby Darin's 1959 hit "Dream Lover" in April 1979 on EMI, which peaked at No. 8 on the Kent Music Report singles chart. In February 1982, <mask> left Little River Band and was replaced by John Farnham who was managed by Wheatley. <mask> returned to Little River Band in 1988 but, despite several quality albums, they did not regain the earlier stellar recognition. He left again in 1991 leaving the naming rights with guitarist Stephen Housden. In May 2001 the Australasian Performing

masks:
Glenn Wheatley
Shorrock
Shorrock
Shorrock
Shorrock
Shorrock
Shorrock
Shorrock


texts:
 Right Association (APRA), as part of its 75th-anniversary celebrations, named "Cool Change" as one of the Top 30 Australian songs of all time.Later solo career
In 1982, <mask> released the solo album Villain of the Peace and a single, "Rock and Roll Soldier", on Capitol Records recorded in Los Angeles with John Boylan (Charlie Daniels, Little River Band) producing. "Rock and Roll Soldier" reached the Australian top 40 in November but he did not achieve the international success attained with Little River Band. Late in 1982 he toured Australia and then teamed with Renée Geyer to release a duet, "Goin' Back", on Mushroom Records in February 1983. One of his backing singers was Wendy Matthews who had been a session singer in Los Angeles. "We're Coming to Get You", which peaked at No. 6 in October, was recorded with folk group, the Bushwackers. It was the theme for the film We're Coming to Get You.He released "Don't Girls Get Lonely?" in November. In 1984, he recorded "Restless" for the documentary World Safari II: The Final Adventure. In 1985, <mask> released The First Twenty Years, which was a double-LP album compilation of his career work with tracks by the Twilights, Axiom and Little River Band as well as solo work. He was compere of Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) TV music series Rock Arena in 1986 and as a breakfast announcer for radio station Magic 11 in Sydney. His solo single, "American Flyers", appeared in July. He performed on the tour of the stage show One for the Money in 1986–87.He appeared in other stage shows including his own showcase

masks: Shorrock Shorrock


texts: productions Go Cat Go (1990–91) and Two Up (1996). On 25 March 1991, <mask> was inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame, alongside contemporary rocker Billy Thorpe, bass-baritone Peter Dawson and jazz musician Don Burrows. In 1993, he re-joined with Axiom bandmate Brian Cadd to record Blazing Salads and three singles for Blue Martin Records as well as a subsequent two-year tour. On tour <mask> played his hit songs, along with those of Axiom accompanied by Cadd and a backing band of Rex Goh on guitar (ex-Air Supply), Kirk Lorange on guitar (Richard Clapton Band) and Mark Kennedy on drums (Spectrum, Ayers Rock, Marcia Hines Band). Long Way to the Top was a 2001 ABC TV six-part documentary on the history of Australian rock and roll from 1956 to the modern era. <mask> provided some interviews, "In Awe of The Beatles", "Being Pop Stars" and "Coming from the UK", about his early years with the Twilights. A Long Way to the Top Tour followed in August–September 2002 with <mask> appearing with the Twilights in the first set performing "What's Wrong with the Way I Live?"and "Needle in a Haystack"; he returned in the second set with Axiom to perform "Arkansas Grass" and "Little Ray of Sunshine". In 2002, <mask> reunited with other Little River Band founders Beeb Birtles and Graeham Goble to form Birtles Shorrock Goble. On 17 October 2004, the 1970s members of Little River Band: Birtles, David Briggs, Goble, George McArdle, Derek Pellicci and <mask>, were inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame. The later members, including fellow

masks: Shorrock Shorrock Shorrock Shorrock Shorrock Shorrock


texts: Australian John Farnham and US-based musicians, were not included in this induction. Due to a 2002 legal ruling on their right to use the band's name, they performed "Help Is on the Way" as the "classic lineup" of Little River Band. Birtles <mask> Goble recorded a successful DVD and CD, Full Circle (2005), and toured until 2007. In August–September, the trio played a medley of Little River Band hits at the Countdown Spectacular two concert series.In 2005, <mask> also undertook his career-spanning "The Reminiscing Tour – <mask> & Friends" with invited guest singers including Doug Parkinson and Wendy Matthews. In May–June 2006, he partnered actress Judy Nunn on the first season of a reality TV singing competition, It Takes Two. They were voted off after week three. His first solo CD for seven years, Meanwhile, which contains acoustic versions of his career hits was released in 2007 on the Liberation Blue label. He performed a Beatles tribute show, Let It Be, with Parkinson, Sharon O'Neill and Mark Williams. In 2008, Shorrock toured with the musical Shout! The Legend of the Wild One based on the life of Australian rocker Johnny O'Keefe.In July 2010, <mask> performed a retrospective of his 45 years in the music industry. Currently <mask> continues to tour Australia performing for public and private events in Australia and promotes new local music artists. In early 2013 he and his band were headlining performers in Macau, New York and London for the media launch of the Titanic II project. This was at the personal invitation of Australian entrepreneur Clive Palmer.

masks:
Shorrock
Shorrock
Glenn Shorrock
Shorrock
Shorrock


texts:
 In October 2014, <mask> was inducted into the South Australian Music Hall of Fame alongside Bon Scott's former band Fraternity, Chris Finnen and David "Daisy" Day. Shorrock released his autobiography, Now, Where Was I?, in June 2018. <mask> was appointed an honorary member of the Order of Australia (AM) on 26 January 2020, awarded for significant service to the performing arts as a singer, songwriter and entertainer.In 2021, <mask> appeared in the Australian film "A Stitch in Time". Personal life
<mask> met his first wife, Sue Doran, a Melbourne nurse, in 1966. The couple married in 1967 and divorced in 1971. In 1975, Shorrock met Jo Swan, a video producer nine years his junior, who worked in the same building (Armstrong Studios) where Little River band was recording its first album. They married in 1980,separated in 2019 and divorced in 2020. <mask> married Irene Rose, a teacher, on 21 December 2021. Discography

Studio albums

Live albums

Compilation albums

Singles

Other singles

Awards and nominations

ARIA Music Awards
The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music.They commenced in 1987. <mask> was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1991. |-
| ARIA Music Awards of 1991
| himself
| ARIA Hall of Fame
|

Australian Songwriter's Hall of Fame
The Australian Songwriters Hall of Fame was established in 2004 to honour the lifetime achievements of some of Australia's greatest songwriters. |-
| 2006
| himself
| Australian Songwriter's Hall of Fame
|
|}

King of


texts:
 Pop Awards
The King of Pop Awards were voted by the readers of TV Week. The King of Pop award started in 1967 and ran through to 1978. |-
| 1977
| himself
| Best Australian Songwriter
|
|-

See also
<mask> - Talking Heads
<mask> - This Is Your Life
<mask> - The Don Lane Show (1980)

References

General

  Note: Archived on-line copy has limited functionality. Note: on-line version established at White Room Electronic Publishing Pty Ltd in 2007 and was expanded from the 2002 edition.Specific

External links
<mask> official website
Online Museum
<mask>rock holdings at the National Film and Sound Archive
National Library of Australia
Official Music page of <mask>
Official <mask> Facebook page
Interview with <mask> and Jo Shorrock 2010

1944 births
Living people
People from Chatham, Kent
Australian male singer-songwriters
British soft rock musicians
English emigrants to Australia
APRA Award winners
Honorary Members of the Order of Australia
Musicians from Adelaide
Little River Band members
ARIA Hall of Fame inductees
ARIA Award winners
Capitol Records artists
The Twilights members
20th-century Australian male singers
21st-century Australian male singers
Birtles Shorrock Goble

masks:
Glenn Shorrock
Glenn Shorrock
Glenn Shorrock
Glenn Shorrock
Glenn Shor
Glenn Shorrock
Glenn Shorrock
Glenn


texts: <mask> (Barcelona, January 17, 1888 – L'Ametlla del Vallès, December 5, 1973) was an international journalist, career diplomat, and polyglot translator (he spoke seven languages and wrote five) who lived most of his life outside of Catalonia as a correspondent in Europe during the stormy, unstable years of the First and Second World Wars. He worked as a correspondent in Buenos Aires, Paris, Madrid, London, Berlin, Washington DC, and Geneva, and traveled to Italy, Russia, and Austria, among others. As a correspondent, he collaborated principally with Catalan media outlets, writing in Catalan, like La Publicitat, La Veu de Catalunya, or Mirador magazine, which he complemented with activities in Spanish in South American publications and the Madrid-based newspaper Ahora. His mastery of languages allowed him to work as a translator for international organizations like the UN, WHO, World Bank, and FAO. His longest assignment was in Berlin, between 1922 and 1936, during the Weimar Republic, when Xammar published in 1923 an alleged interview of Hitler, the first known such of the future Führer, in which he explains how he was incubating what he called "the serpent's egg". Eighty years later, the authenticity of this interview was called into question by Lluís Permanyer and Albert Sánchez Piñol. These are the years in which he coincided with Josep Pla who was also a correspondent and with whom he maintained a lifelong friendship.From Berlin, he narrated the repercussions of the First World War on the German populace that led to the evolution of Nazism and Hitler's arrival to power. Always committed to the Republic and to the Government of the Generalitat de Catalunya, of which he was a representative in Paris during the postwar period under President Irla, his actions led to Francoist reprisals and extradition, as well as the disappearance of his name and his work for an entire generation of students


texts:
 until his posthumous memoir was published in the mid 1970s. Xammar defined himself as a democrat, Republican, and Catalanist. He stated: "when it comes to Catalonia, I have never taken precautions". He was very critical of those who, despite sharing positions like his own, considered themselves "non-belligerents" with the postwar Francoist regime, like for example the intellectuals who contributed to Destino magazine, despite it being a key liberal, Catalanist, democratic source of the times. Biography
Although he was born in Barcelona, in 1900 he moved with his mother and his brother Josep Maria to the Can Xammar de Dalt manor house in Almetlla del Vallès. The property, which had been the third most important one in the municipality, had fallen into ruin due to Phylloxera, when his mother, the widow of <mask>, inherited it.His mother tried to save the mostly rural property, renting rooms to Barcelonians who spent summers outside of the city, and the custom became widespread and turned Almetlla into a summer resort during the first third of the 20th century. But it was not enough, and two years after arriving, the still adolescent <mask> <mask> had to decide whether to accept the challenge suggested by his mother of becoming a farmer and continuing the family business. His restless temperament kept him from any kind of farm-related vocation, and he answered that "whether farming or managing a farm, living in Ametlla for my whole life doesn't appeal to me in the slightest". When he was 14, his mother told him they would finish the winter in Ametlla and then work in Barcelona, in the cotton business Sucesores de B. Brutau. Four years later, his mother was forced to sell the farm at a loss to another cotton industrialist, Joan Millet i Pagès, brother of the director of the Orfeó Català, Lluís Millet. From that moment on, the property was rebaptized with the name Can Millet. This was not the

masks:
Ramon Xammar
Eugeni
Xammar


texts:
 only change, since the new owner hired the modernist architect in fashion in the area, Manuel Joaquim Raspall, to remodel the place.Xammar was flabbergasted when he saw the new look, and he wrote, "A touch of Raspall—to call it that—was all that was needed to transform a magnificent, gigantic farmhouse, with two sides, into a sort of inedible Easter Egg that to this day still frightens any sensible person." In August 1909, he took advantage of the 1500 pesetas that his aunt had given him to pay to get out of his military service in order to take a trip to Paris to polish his French while he took on all manner of jobs in order to survive. It's not clear whether he went to make a break with the environment of Barcelona during the Tragic Week of 1909, that he was already reflecting upon in his columns in El Poble Català, or if it was to get out of doing military service. He returned from Paris, passing quickly through Catalonia, before heading on to Argentina, a country that he found distressing and that he left three months later to go back to Paris where he lived for two years, between 1910 and 1912, living a Bohemian life. Next he began work as a newspaper correspondent that led him to live in various countries without returning to Barcelona until 1917, due to his mother having a serious illness, which kept him in Barcelona until 1918. Between 1918 and 1936, he lived in Paris, Madrid, Geneva, and Berlin. Marriages
At the end of 1922 in Berlin, Xammar married Amanda Fürstenwerth Goetsche, a cultured German woman with whom he lived until her death in 1969, after an operation on her femur.In the last years of their marriage, <mask> had a French lover 40 years his junior, Francine Mesne, employed by the UNESCO in Paris, who became his second wife on May 2, 1970 in Santa Maria de Llerona (Vallès Oriental). His few friends attended the wedding, including Josep Badia and the musician Josep Maria


texts:
 Ruera i Pinart, who played the Catalan Anthem, Els Segadors, at the doors of the church. The pair made their home in Paris, but just a few months later, <mask>'s health deteriorated due to a violent attack of Zoster Herpes that evolved into long, aching pain between his ribs. After a few months, on February 22, 1971, he tripped and broke his femur. He was operated on in Paris at the age of 83, and his wife Francine, unwilling to take care of an old man, sent him to his home in Ametlla. She stayed in Paris and visited him on a few occasions before his death. Last years in Ametlla
Despite the short stay during his youth in Ametlla del Vallès, Xammar always returned to the town when he was passing through Catalonia.He was always clear that he wanted to end up in the town in which he had refused to be a farmer, and which would have limited his freedom of movement. He thought, however, that he would fulfill that objective after a few years of globetrotting, like his friend Josep Pla explained to him in a letter at the end of the 1920s: "However closed the paths may seem, I have the impression that in three years at the most, things will have changed and we will meet once again in Catalonia. I think I'll be able to save 12,000 marks this year that I can devote to buying land in Ametlla—and I confess the fact that I'm starting to miss it. Next year, I want to return to Catalonia no matter what, paying off my military service beforehand, of course, if I could stay, I would stay." Even though he didn't have his own house, he took advantage of any opportunity of talking up the town, like in 1931 when he brought the Civil Governor from the new Republican government, Carlos Esplá, accompanied by the journalist Francisco Madrid on an excursion to Ametlla. His dreams didn't come true until 1932, the year in which he bought Can Feliu, with a small house and a little bit of land, on the edge of the town


texts: limits. The purchase coincided with the beginning of the Republic, a fact that Xammar underscores when he describes the house in his memoirs.The text describes a property of a limited size, a small house almost in ruins, and ends up showing his desire to return, despite all of that: "But all of that was nothing compared to becoming once again a property owner in Ametlla del Vallès and a resident in the town where he had to pay taxes (few) and gotten to vote when the elections came around." From that moment on, he began to visit Catalonia more frequently and began to recover some of his friends from his youth. At the beginning of the civil war, he was in Berlin and in October, 1940, a Barcelona judge ordered the 'confiscation of all the goods and the perpetual estrangement from national territory of Mr. <mask> <mask> for being a red and a Catalanist'. This event condemned him to a long exile up until 1950 and the loss of his beloved house in Catalonia. Years later, Fèlix Millet i Maristany, the new owner of Can Xammar de Dalt, helped him get it back. After 1960, <mask>'s life basically was centered in Ametlla in a kind of internal exile, refusing to write as a badge of loyalty to an imprisoned Catalonia. It is a period in which he alternates between stays in Fonda Europa in Granollers, which belonged to the Parellada family, with which he maintained a great friendship.Many of his peers, including Jaume Miravitlles or Avel·lí Artís-Gener, visited his house in recognition of his professional prowess and the exemplariness of his ideological independence. His last years were characterized by his fight against the herpes-which caused pain and restricted his mobility. As he described it in his memoir, 'Each day I was less and less motivated to move, especially in the winter, I come and go from a very comfortable bed to a very comfortable seat and from a spacious bedroom to an ample bathroom.' His

masks: Eugenio Xammar Xammar


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 finances had always been limited, but during his last years he had serious economic problems. Once again it was Josep Badia who helped him by finding a local gentleman, Maties Barres, who gave him a lifelong pension for his house, Can Feliu, and with that, he was able to live out his last days. He died in Ametlla del Vallès, where he is buried, on December 5, 1973. Career
<mask>'s concern for broadening his knowledge from his basic studies drove him to educate himself.When he returned to Barcelona to work in the textile industry, he joined the CADCI. While he improved his studies, he read the classics, wrote poetry, practiced his favorite sport—soccer—became an expert at billiards and played Basque pelota. He combined attendance at concerts at the Liceu with his participation as a member on the jury of the Jocs Florals de Rubí, or with the composition of a poem that would become the words to 'Nocturn musicat' by the founder of the Orfeó Gracienc, Joan Balcells. The piece was performed for the first time by Balcells himself at the Palau de la Música in 1949. It is at the CADCI where he received his formation at a moment in which Catalonia struggled to make education one of the country's foundations. Xammar understood and tied Catalanism to education and in one of his articles titled 'Catalan education' (La Tralla, October 1, 1904), he demanded nationalist formation, criticizing the universities, 'ruled by professors, the cleverest of which wasn't smartest enough to pull a cart' and he demanded the creation of Catalan schools in order to 'marginalize the vulgar Spanish primary education that we have'. References

Bibliography

External links
 <mask> <mask> at Association of Catalan Language Writers, AELC.Webpage in Catalan, with English and Spanish translations. <mask> <mask>  at LletrA, Catalan Literature Online (Open University of Catalonia). (English)

People from Barcelona
Journalists

masks: Xammar Eugeni Xammar Eugeni Xammar


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<mask> (born 25 July 1979) is an English professional snooker player. He has twice been the World Championship runner-up, in 2008 and 2012, losing both finals to Ronnie O'Sullivan. He has won four ranking titles and briefly reached number two in the world rankings in 2010. His nickname, "The Captain", comes from his hobby of piloting aeroplanes. Career
<mask> turned professional in 1996. He first emerged in 1999, winning the WPBSA Association Young Player of the Year award after winning the Benson and Hedges Championship in 1999 – this earned him a wild card place in the Masters. He also reached the semi-finals of the 1999 Grand Prix.It was eight years before he reached another ranking semi-final, the 2007 Malta Cup. He was close to the elite top 16 for three successive seasons ranking as 17, 19, and 19 through 2003–04, 2004–05 and 2005–06, respectively, before reaching it in the 2006–07 season and remaining there in 2008. He reached the last 16 (second round) of the World Championship in 2005, after scoring the first 10–0 victory in the event since 1993 against 1993 semi-finalist James Wattana in qualifying. At the 2007 World Championship he beat Andy Hicks in the first round, 10–4, before beating World No. 1 and seven-time champion Stephen Hendry 13–6 to reach his first World Championship quarter-final and guarantee a place in the Top-16. <mask> now has a 5–4 record against Hendry; conversely, he has only beaten Ronnie O'Sullivan in the 2nd round of the 2018 World Snooker Championship 13–9, having lost 16 of the last 17 encounters. <mask> has at times missed out on opportunities from winning positions, an extreme example being in the first round of the 2007 UK Championship, when <mask> led Barry Hawkins 8–3 before Hawkins won the next six frames to win 9–8.However, <mask> got his own back on Hawkins during the 2008 World Championship by beating him 10–9 in a 'controversial' finale. Hawkins had

masks:
Allister Carter
Carter
Carter
Carter
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Carter


texts: levelled the match to 9–9, when the players were pulled out of the arena to allow the evening matches to begin. They returned after one of the evening's two matches had been completed – on a table they had not previously played on. Hawkins felt this break interrupted his momentum, handing the match to <mask>. He followed this by defeating two former champions in succession; provisional World Number 1 Shaun Murphy 13–4 in the second round and then 2002 winner Peter Ebdon 13–9 in the quarter-final. In the semi-final on 4 May 2008 he beat Joe Perry 17–15 to book a place against Ronnie O'Sullivan in the final. <mask> lost the final 8–18.<mask> scored his first 147 break on 29 April at the 2008 World Championship, one day after Ronnie O'Sullivan had made one in the same tournament. This made <mask> the sixth man to achieve this feat at the Crucible (the eighth made there, as O'Sullivan had previously achieved it three times), and the first to have done so without previously winning a tournament. It is the first time two 147s have been made in the same event. <mask> soon showed signs of carrying this form forward in subsequent events. He won his second non-ranking tournament, the Huangshan Cup in China, with a 5–3 win over the reigning Grand Prix champion Marco Fu. In the 2008/09 season <mask> reached the semi-final stage on three occasions. He progressed to the semi-finals of the 2008–09 season's first ranking event, the 2008 Northern Ireland Trophy before losing 5–6 to O'Sullivan having led 5–4.He reached the same stage of the Grand Prix, defeating veterans Steve Davis and John Parrott before losing to Ryan Day, again 5–6 The third occasion was the UK Championship where wins over Peter Ebdon and Mark Williams were followed by a close 9–7 defeat to the man he was victorious against in the Huangshan Cup final in China, Marco Fu. After thirteen years as a professional, <mask> defeated the likes of Jimmy

masks: Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter


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 White, Graeme Dott, Shaun Murphy, Anthony Hamilton, and Joe Swail to finally win his first ranking tournament – the 2009 Welsh Open. <mask> made a slow start to the 2009–10 season, losing 0–5 to Liang Wenbo in the last 16 of the Shanghai Masters and losing in the first round at the Grand Prix, before reaching the quarter-finals of the UK Championship. As the defending champion at the Welsh Open he progressed to the final but was beaten by John Higgins, the reigning world champion at the time. He finished the season strongly by reaching the semi-finals at the China Open and the World Championship, losing in the latter to eventual champion, Neil Robertson, by 12–17. Of the six ranking tournaments that were staged during the 2009/2010 season, <mask>'s campaigns were ended by the eventual champion on four occasions, and on another by the runner-up. <mask> finished the season by moving up to a career high position of 4th in the world rankings.<mask> won the 2010 Shanghai Masters. <mask> had to recover from 1–4 down in the quarter-final to defeat Matthew Stevens 5–4, Stevens missing the final black off its spot in the deciding frame. He then won six frames in a row from 0–2 down to beat Mark Selby 6–2, and edged past qualifier Jamie Burnett 10–7 in the final. The following events were not very successful for <mask>, as he was eliminated in the last 32 of the World Open by Mark Williams 1–3, he suffered an early exit against the young talent Mark Joyce in the first round of the UK Championship by 6–9 and also lost his first round match of the 2011 Masters against Peter Ebdon by 5–6. 2011/2012 season
<mask>'s 2011–12 season got off to a poor start as he exited the first two ranking events of the year, the Australian Goldfields Open and the Shanghai Masters, in the first round. At the UK Championships he defeated Robert Milkins, but then lost 2–6 to Mark Allen in the last 16. After the match <mask> stated

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Ali Carter
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 on Twitter: "I'm going to retire at the end of the season!And I can't wait!" and that he was "dead serious" about the threat. Later on he admitted the comments were made "in the heat of the moment" but that he did have some "serious thinking to do at the end of the season". His retirement threat looked to be more likely as he lost in the first round in the Masters and the next two ranking events, and then withdrew from the World Open in China due to medical reasons. Although he reached the quarter-finals of the China Open with wins over Dominic Dale and Lu Ning before losing 2–5 to Ding Junhui, <mask> found himself out of the world's top 16 for the first time since 2005. Before the start of the World Championship <mask> stated that his future in the game depended on his health, as his ten-year battle with Crohn's disease continued. Three weeks before the start of the event he began cutting out dairy and wheat from his diet.This looked to have an effect on the snooker table too as he raced into an 8–1 lead over Mark Davis in the opening session of the first round, before returning to close out the match 10–2. He played world number 2 Judd Trump in the second round and from 9–12 behind, produced a superb fightback to record the result of his season to take the match 13–12 and reach the quarter-finals. He defeated impressive debutant Jamie Jones 13–11 in the last eight to book a semi-final with Stephen Maguire. He won this match by a 17–12 scoreline to play in a repeat of the 2008 final against Ronnie O'Sullivan. He lost 11–18, meaning he has now not beaten O'Sullivan in any of their 12 ranking event matches. Despite reaching the final, <mask> finished the season ranked world number 17, meaning he had dropped 11 places during the year. 2012/2013 season
<mask> began the season in less than auspicious form as he lost in the first round of both the Wuxi Classic and Australian Goldfields Open.He won his

masks: Carter Carter Carter Carter


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 first match in a ranking event of the season by beating Robert Milkins 5–4 in the Shanghai Masters and then whitewashed Stephen Maguire 5–0 to advance to the quarter-finals. He played John Higgins and at 1–4 down threatened a comeback by winning two frames, but lost the next to exit the tournament, losing 3–5. A first round defeat in the International Championship followed before he saw off Steve Davis and Mark Joyce in the UK Championship both by 6–2 scorelines and Stuart Bingham 6–4 to make the semi-finals for the first time since 2008. <mask> was the victim of a stunning fightback against Shaun Murphy in the semi-finals as he led 8–4 but Murphy levelled at 8–8 and when <mask> broke down on a break of 32 in the deciding frame, Murphy stepped in to win 9–8. <mask> was beaten 3–6 by Higgins in the first round of the Masters. <mask> scored comfortable victories over Fraser Patrick, Anthony Hamilton and Michael Holt at the German Masters and then took advantage of a poor performance from Neil Robertson to reach the final, where he played Marco Fu. <mask> came back from 3–5 down to win 9–6 to secure the third ranking event title of his career.Fu gained revenge in the PTC Finals by beating <mask> 4–1 in the second round, before <mask> reached the final of the non-televised Championship League but lost 2–3 to Martin Gould. He was edged out 4–5 in the second round of the China Open by Mark Williams. At the World Championship <mask> won seven frames in a row to see off Ben Woollaston 10–4 in the first round, and came back from 1–5 in the last 16 against Ronnie O'Sullivan to level at 7–7, before O'Sullivan stepped up a gear to knock out <mask> 13–8. He ended the season ranked world number 16. 2013/2014 season
<mask> won through to the third round of the Wuxi Classic, before being edged out 5–4 by David Morris in the last 16. After his first round loss to Mark Davis in the Shanghai Masters, <mask> was

masks: Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter


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 forced to withdraw from the next two ranking events due to health problems documented below. He returned for the UK Championship and dropped just one frame in his opening two matches, before losing 3–6 to Graeme Dott.<mask> dropped out of the top 16 in the world rankings during the year to miss out on playing in the Masters for the first time since 2006, but reached his first semi-final in a ranking event in over a year at the China Open, losing 2–6 to Neil Robertson. <mask> was beaten 13–9 by Mark Selby in the second round of the World Championship and bemoaned his opponent's negative playing style, saying that he was the only one trying to make things happen during the game. 2014/2015 season
<mask> missed the start of the 2014–15 season due to receiving treatment for a recurrence of testicular cancer metastasising to his lung. He returned in October at the non-ranking General Cup and won the title by defeating Shaun Murphy 7–6 in the final. In October, World Snooker and the WPBSA announced that <mask>'s seeding for the remainder of the 2014–15 season would be based on a world ranking of 13. His first match back in a ranking event was a 5–6 loss to Zhang Anda in the opening round of the UK Championship. <mask> received a standing ovation at the Masters and beat Barry Hawkins 6–1, before Neil Robertson defeated him by a reversal of this scoreline in the quarter-finals.Afterwards <mask> said he was nowhere near match sharp and was targeting the World Championship as the place to rediscover his best form. He won his first matches at the venue stage of a ranking event this year at the Welsh Open with victories over Fraser Patrick, Mark King and Matthew Selt, before losing 2–4 to Ben Woollaston in the last 16 and was knocked out in the first round of the China Open 5–4 by Kurt Maflin. <mask> had a comprehensive 10–5 win over Alan McManus in the first round of the World Championship which began with a


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 127 break, before once again losing to Robertson in the next round, this time 5–13. <mask>'s ranking was now no longer frozen and with him dropping down to world number 29 he set a goal to reclaim his top 16 ranking next season. 2015/2016 season

<mask> won the Paul Hunter Classic by defeating Shaun Murphy 4–3 in the final with a 95 break in the deciding frame, after a spirited fightback from Murphy to level it from 1–3 down. It was <mask>'s maiden European Tour title and his first ranking title since beating cancer. The win was especially fitting as the player it was named after, Paul Hunter, died of cancer in 2006.<mask> lost 2–6 in the third round of the UK Championship to John Higgins. At the World Grand Prix he beat Luca Brecel 4–1 and Tom Ford 4–0 to reach his first ranking event quarter-final of the season, but lost 1–4 to Joe Perry. Another followed at the PTC Finals courtesy of knocking out Graeme Dott and Judd Trump both 4–1. In the quarters Ricky Walden eliminated him 4–1. <mask> came through a trio of matches to qualify for the World Championship and held his nerve after leading defending champion Stuart Bingham 5–1 and 8–5 to beat him 10–9. <mask> took a 9–7 advantage over Alan McManus after the second session of their second round match, but went on to lose 11–13. 2016/2017 season
<mask> whitewashed John Higgins 5–0 in the quarter-finals of the World Open and swept past Thepchaiya Un-Nooh 6–1 to play Joe Perry in the final.<mask> completed a 10–8 win to take his fourth ranking title and first since 2013, as well as regaining his place in the elite top 16. At the Shanghai Masters he lost 1–5 in the quarter-finals to Stuart Bingham. <mask> reached the final of the German Masters by seeing off Martin Gould 6–2 and led Anthony Hamilton 5–2. However, he then lost seven of the next eight frames to be defeated 6–9. <mask> beat Shaun Murphy 5–4 and Neil Robertson 5–3 at the Players

masks: Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter Carter


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 Championship and then was defeated 4–6 by Judd Trump in the semi-finals. He lost 7–10 to Graeme Dott in the first round of the World Championship. 2017/2018 season
<mask> was a consistent performer in the 2017/18 season.He began the season by reaching the semi final of the China Championship, losing 6–4 to Shaun Murphy. He also reached the quarter final of the International Championship after beating Jamie Barrett, Andrew Higginson, Stephen Maguire, and Shaun Murphy. In the quarter final, <mask> forced a decider after trailing 5–3 to Martin Gould, but eventually lost 6–5. At the World Snooker Championship, <mask> advanced to the quarter final after beating Graeme Dott and Ronnie O'Sullivan. He eventually lost 13–8 to Mark Williams. 2018/2019 season
In October, <mask> reached the quarter final of the English Open after wins over Rory McLeod, Luca Brecel, Matthew Selt, and Daniel Wells, before losing 5–2 to Stuart Bingham. He then reached another quarter final of a ranking event, this time at the International Championship, but was whitewashed by Mark Allen 6–0.The best result of the season for <mask> came in the World Grand Prix in February. He defeated Martin O'Donnell, Mark Allen, David Gilbert, and Xiao Guodong to reach the final, but eventually lost 10–6 to Judd Trump. 2019/2020 season
<mask> took part in the 2020 Dafabet Masters, despite being ranked 17th, as a result of Ronnie O'Sullivan not wishing to compete. He reached the final for the first time in his career, his opponent was Stuart Bingham. <mask> trailed 3–5 at the end of the first session, but then won the first four frames in the second session to take a lead of 7–5. Bingham responded well though and took the next four frames to be one frame away from victory, who eventually won 10–8. Immediately after the Masters, <mask> also reached the semi-final of the European Masters, but lost 6–1 to Neil Robertson.Personal life
In 2003,

masks:
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 <mask> was diagnosed with Crohn's disease. He has partly controlled this by limiting dairy and wheat/gluten in his diet. On 1 July 2013, it was announced that <mask> had been diagnosed with testicular cancer. He had surgery a day later and was advised to rest for a month. On 19 July 2013, he announced on his Twitter page that he had received the all-clear and would resume his career at the Shanghai Masters in September. He stated in April 2014 that he would have chosen to take six months to a year away from snooker, but this had not been possible due to his need to regain his place in the top 16 of the world rankings. A month later, World Snooker announced that <mask> had been diagnosed with cancer in his lung and would be taking a break from the sport to receive a course of intensive chemotherapy.In August 2014, he successfully completed treatment for this secondary tumour (metastatic recurrence of the testicular cancer), including surgery, and returned to the World Snooker Tour in October at the General Cup, which he won. <mask> practised at Chelmsford's Rivermead Snooker Club before buying the club and becoming the new owner. He also has a keen interest in flying and has a pilot's licence. His first child, with his ex-partner Sarah, a son named Max, was born in 2009. He also has a child named Olivia with his ex-partner, Stella English, who was the winner of Series Six of The Apprentice in 2010. Performance and rankings timeline

Career finals

Ranking finals: 10 (4 titles)
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Minor-ranking finals: 1 (1 title)

Non-ranking finals: 9 (3 titles)

See also
 List of people diagnosed with Crohn's disease

References

External links

<mask> at worldsnooker.com

Profile on Global Snooker

1979 births
Living people
English snooker players
Sportspeople from Colchester
Sportspeople from Chelmsford
World Games silver medalists
Competitors at the 2017 World

masks:
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texts: Sir <mask>  (16 June 1853, Woodford, London −12 May 1921) was Assistant Commissioner (Crime) of the London Metropolitan Police from 1903 to 1913. A highly regarded and famously affable figure of the late Victorian and Edwardian eras he played major investigative roles in cases that led to the establishment and acceptance of fingerprint identification. He was also a major player in the pursuit and capture of Dr. Crippen, and of the exoneration of a wrongly convicted man, Adolph Beck, which helped lead to the creation of the Court of Criminal Appeal in 1907. When he prematurely retired in 1913 due to illness, Macnaghten claimed to journalists that he knew the exact identity of Jack the Ripper, the nickname of the unknown serial killer of poor prostitutes in London's impoverished East End during the late Victorian era. The police chief called the killer "that remarkable man", but refused to name him or divulge details that might identify him, except to reveal that he had taken his own life at the end of 1888. Macnaghten further claimed that he had destroyed the relevant papers to keep forever secret the deceased killer's identity. Since 1965 the public has known that Macnaghten's suspect was Montague John Druitt, a country doctor's son and young barrister who inexplicably drowned himself in the River Thames in early December 1888.The source of <mask>'s alleged "private information" about Druitt has two candidates, both only uncovered in the early 21st Century. One is a Tory politician, H. R. Farquharson, who lived near the Druitts and also went to Eton with Macnaghten, and the other is Colonel Sir Vivian Majendie, a very close friend of the police chief and whose clan was related to the Druitt family. It is likely both men, in succession, were the unnamed sources of information for the police chief regarding the drowned barrister being

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Melville Leslie Macnaghten
Macnaghten


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 strongly suspected of being the Ripper by his closest relations. Since 1959 Macnaghten has been known for a major report written in the 1890s on the Ripper case, naming three possible Jack the Ripper suspects. There are two versions of this document, one that was filed in the archives of Scotland Yard. It was, however, a copy of the privately held version in the possession of his daughter, Christabel, Lady Aberconway – the version which strongly advocated "M. J. Druitt" as the likeliest suspect to have been the Whitechapel assassin – that was revealed in 1959. Macnaghten's opinion that the case was likely solved, and that it was a "Protean" maniac who had taken his own life, had already been confirmed in his 1914 memoir, "Days of My Years" (London, Edward Arnold) though Druitt was not named (and no other suspects are mentioned as possibilities).More recently, French writer Sophie Herfort has argued that Macnaghten himself was responsible for the Jack the Ripper murders. Early career
The youngest of fifteen children of Elliot Macnaghten, the last Chairman of the British East India Company, Macnaghten was educated at Eton. In his memoirs he describes his schooldays as the happiest of his life, even going so far as to write that he knew this to be so as he lived them. After leaving school in 1872, he went to India to run his father's tea estates in Bengal and remained there until 1888, albeit with occasional visits back home. In 1881 he was assaulted by Indian land rioters and as a result, became friends with James Monro, who was District Judge and Inspector-General in the Bombay Presidency at the time. On 3 October 1878 he married Dora Emily Sanderson, the daughter of a canon from Chichester; they eventually had two sons and two daughters (Christabel was the second, 1890–1974). Career in the Criminal Investigation Department
Upon his


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 return to England, Macnaghten was offered the post of first Assistant Chief Constable (CID) in the Metropolitan Police by Monro, who by that time had become the first Assistant Commissioner (Crime); however this appointment was opposed by Charles Warren, the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis, allegedly due to the beating he took by "the Hindoos" back in Bengal; but the real reason seemed to be that Warren and Monro did not get along well from the beginning.Warren's rejection of Macnaghten widened the rift between the two men, resulting in Monro's resignation and his transfer to Special Branch by the Home Secretary, Henry Matthews. However, due to the continuous disagreements with Home Secretary Matthews, Commissioner Warren chose to resign on 9 November 1888. Monro was brought in to succeed him as Commissioner. With this turn of events, <mask> was brought in with the position of Assistant Chief Constable in June 1889; he was later promoted to Chief Constable in 1890, following the unexpected death of the first incumbent, Adolphus Williamson. Macnaghten and Jack the Ripper

Even though he missed being on the police force during the Ripper killings of 1888, Macnaghten was actively involved in the investigation of the murders of Whitechapel prostitutes between 1889 and 1891. Crimes that were initially believed by some at Scotland Yard, and certainly by the tabloid press, to be by the same perpetrator. In his memoir, Macnaghten claimed that information received "some years after" the final murder of 1888 led him to the belief that Jack the Ripper was a man who had taken his own life at the end of that year.The source of these "certain facts" that led to this "conclusion" is unidentified, though he implies in his book that it was the murderer's "own people", e.g. his relations who supposedly lived with him) who must have privately


texts: briefed the Chief Constable. Macnaghten even titles his chapter on the Whitechapel murders: "Laying the Ghost of Jack the Ripper"; meaning that the deceased "fiend" had only haunted Londoners as they were in ignorance that the killer had been in his grave for several years. In February 1891 a Conservative MP, Henry Richard Farquharson, the member for West Dorset, was telling people in London that he knew the murderer to have been a surgeon's son who had committed suicide. This story leaked to the press, though it never became a sensation. Like Macnaghten, Farquharson was a member of the upper classes who had attended Eton College and owned estates in the Far East. Macnaghten also had a potentially personal conduit of accurate information about Druitt – a close friend at the Home Office, Colonel Vivian Majendie (knighted in 1895).Colonel Majendie was also from a very distinguished family, was Chief Inspector of Munitions (1871–1898) and was justly acclaimed for his persistent bravery as a bomb disposal expert. Majendie was also related by the marriage of his first cousin's daughter, Isabel Majendie Hill, to the alleged Ripper (in 1888 Isabel had married Reverend Charles Druitt, the first cousin of Montague). According to Macnaghten, Druitt's own family "believed" he was Jack the Ripper. Due to speculation in the press about another madman, Macnaghten wrote a confidential report dated 23 February 1894 naming Druitt as a Ripper suspect and placed it on file. This document, in its entirety, was not publicly available until 1975 (the section mentioning only the suspects had been published in 1966). The alternate version of this same document, believed by many to be a draft, has never been sighted by a researcher and is thought to be lost. Instead a copy of this second version was made by Macnaghten's daughter Christabel, Lady Aberconway, who


texts: allowed some of its contents to be publicly broadcast by television presenter Daniel Farson in 1959.The name of the chief suspect was not revealed until 1965, by the American journalist and author Tom Cullen. Why Macnaghten composed two versions remains the subject of controversy, speculation and historical debate among writers on the Ripper mystery (some have argued that the so-called Aberconway version is a rewrite of the 1894 original). This report proved influential for Jack the Ripper research, for it popularised the idea that the Ripper only had five true victims and also named three possible suspects. It has been widely believed for over half a century that <mask>, in writing from memory, committed many factual errors in his report regarding Druitt. For example, in the privately held version he inaccurately describes Druitt as a 41-year-old doctor who vanished immediately after the final murder on 9 November 1888. In fact, Druitt was functioning normally, at least outwardly, at his places of work and play until the end of November 1888. This document also says that his family only "suspected" he was the Ripper.Since 1959 it has also been treated as a foundation stone of so-called "Ripperology" that the timing of Druitt's suicide, so soon after the final murder, was the threadbare reason Macnaghten considered him a suspect at all. Yet this ignores that the police chief in his memoir, and from the relative safety of retirement, revealed that Scotland Yard believed Whitechapel prostitute murders after 1888 were also by the Ripper. Years later Druitt came to his attention due to information received that was judged, by Macnaghten, to be so credible that post-1888 murders could not exonerate the tragic barrister. This line of argument is buttressed by the filed version of <mask>'s report as he notably equivocates, writing that M. J.

masks: Macnaghten Macnaghten


texts: Druitt was only "said to be a doctor", whilst affirming that the suspect was definitely "sexually insane" and his family "believed" he was the killer. Notably, Frederick Abberline, the field detective who led the investigation, did not believe that Druitt was the Ripper. Macnaghten also makes a mistake in describing the drowned suspect a "young doctor" or "medical student" (some writers have wondered if Abberline was perhaps confusing Druitt with a Whitechapel suspect in 1888 who was a young, medical student, named John Sanders). A controversial new line of argument is that the police chief was engaged in a campaign of "spin"; to both reveal and conceal the identity of the murderer.Commendably Macnaghten wanted the public to know that the Ripper was an English, gentile gentleman and not a poor, Jewish immigrant, yet he also supposedly conspired with the most famous writer of the day, George R. Sims, to disguise the drowned, young barrister as a drowned, middle-aged surgeon. They did this to protect the late suspect's respectable relations (Sims was also an upper class friend of both Macnaghten and Majendie). In effect Macnaghten and Sims disguised Druitt as "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" (even Druitt's family in Sims's regular column in "The Referee" were disguised as unnamed "friends" of the "mad doctor"). Curiously, Douglas G. Browne in his The Rise of Scotland Yard, states that Macnaghten "appears to identify the Ripper with the leader of a plot to assassinate Mr Balfour at the Irish Office." This reference is puzzling because, although there were Fenian plots to assassinate Balfour, Druitt is not known to have had any such connections and it is extremely unlikely that he did. It has been recently speculated that Browne may have taken too literally some lines by Macnaghten at the end of his Ripper chapter. Macnaghten exaggerates the


texts: negative impact on the authorities of being unable to catch the fiend.He alleges it caused the resignation of the Police Commissioner and  "... very nearly settled the hash of one of Her Majesty's principal Secretaries of State." Macnaghten means the near-resignation of the Home Secretary, but Browne has perhaps misinterpreted these ambiguous words as an allusion to the assassination plot against Balfour. The second of Macnaghten's three suspects was identified only as "Kosminski," presumably Aaron Kosminski, a Polish Jew who lived in Whitechapel and was committed to an insane asylum in 1891. While not on the top of Macnaghten's list, Kosminski was suspected by Sir Robert Anderson, the man who succeeded Monro as Assistant Commissioner, with apparent confirmation by Chief Inspector Donald Swanson, Anderson's desk officer. As with Druitt, definitive evidence is lacking to support this allegation, and both Anderson and Swanson also made errors about Kosminski, their preferred suspect (the most significant of which was to claim "Kosminski" was long deceased when he was still alive; they also claim he was positively identified by a Jewish witness who refused to testify, often thought to be Israel Schwartz, a claim publicly and explicitly rejected by police chief Major Henry Smith, and implicitly by Macnaghten via his proxies and in his memoirs). The third suspect in <mask>'s report was a man named Michael Ostrog, a Russian-born thief and con man who affected several aliases and disguises and was detained in asylums in several occasions. Again there is little to support this suspicion against Ostrog: records indicated that he was imprisoned in France during the murders.The fact that Ostrog was arrested and imprisoned before the report was written raises the question of why Ostrog was included at all as a viable suspect. A possible yet tenuous


texts:
 answer has been postulated involving Eton College. Ostrog had stolen from Macnaghten's beloved alma mater and the police chief may have included the Russian in his reports as a private act of revenge. From late 1894 <mask> had to know that Ostrog had been cleared of the Whitechapel crimes, yet he still persisted with his inclusion and what is more projection into the public sphere as a Ripper suspect (via literary cronies). Later career, including as Assistant Commissioner
In 1900 <mask> served in the Belper Committee to inquire about "the working of the method of Identification of Criminals by Measurement and Fingerprints". As the committee recommended the use of fingerprints as a means of identification over bertillonage, largely due to the testimony of Edward Henry on their respective merits. When Henry was appointed Commissioner in 1903, succeeding Sir Edward Bradford, <mask> was appointed Assistant Commissioner (Crime) and became involved in many of the most famous cases in the history of the Metropolitan Police, including the Hawley Harvey Crippen case and the Farrow double murder case, which resulted in the conviction and hanging of Albert and Alfred Stratton largely on the basis on fingerprint evidence.He also claimed in his memoirs to have found the critical female witness who exonerated the falsely convicted Adolf Beck, a notorious mis-carriage of justice which led to the creation of the Court of Criminal Appeal. <mask> was knighted in the 1907 King's Birthday Honours List. In the 1912 New Years Honours List, he was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB). He was awarded the King's Police Medal (KPM) in the 1913 New Years Honours List. He was also a Knight Commander of the White Military Order of Spain and a Commander of the Order of the Dannebrog. Retirement and later life
However, in 1911 Macnaghten was

masks: Macnaghten Macnaghten Macnaghten Macnaghten


texts:
 experiencing the first signs of ill-health; even a trip to Australia the following year failed to improve matters. He was forced to retire from his job in 1913.<mask>'s successor at Scotland Yard was Basil Thomson who had attended New College, Oxford at the same time as Montague John Druitt, Macnaghten's preferred Ripper suspect. In 1914 he published his memoirs Days of My Years. He also made a translation of Horace's Ars Poetica into English verse, an effort to which he devoted the last ten years of his life. <mask> died on 12 May 1921 at Queen Anne's Mansions, Westminster. Macnaghten in fiction
During his lifetime Sir <mask> was fictionalised in several novels. He appears as a character named Mr Johnson in George R. Sims' 'Dorcas Dene Detective' (1897) short stories. Both <mask> and George R. Sims appear in Marie Belloc-Lowndes 'The Lodger:A story of the London fog' (1911), the latter as himself though unnamed and the former as Police Commissioner Sir John Burney.Macnaghten also is arguably the model for the heroic private eye Edmund Blake who hunts the Whitechapel murderer in Guy Logan's 'The true history of Jack the Ripper' (1905) in which Montague Druitt is also disguised as Mortimer Slade. Macnaghten also appears in The Adventures of Inspector Lestrade (1985), , the first of the Inspector Lestrade novels by M. J. Trow. The book deals with the aftermath of the Ripper case and with <mask>'s report. Trow misspells <mask>'s name as "McNaghten" in his book and presents a fictional version of Macnaghten's daughter. Macnaghten also features prominently in the later chapters of Alan Moore's seminal graphic novel From Hell. Footnotes

External links
Casebook.org

Assistant Commissioners of Police of the Metropolis
Knights Bachelor
Companions of the Order of the Bath
Recipients of the Queen's Police Medal
1853 births
1921 deaths
People

masks:
Macnaghten
Macnaghten
Melville Macnaghten
Macnaghten
Macnaghten
Macnaghten


texts:
Maharani <mask> ( 1782 – 1813) was the first wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the founder of the Sikh Empire. She was the mother of Ranjit's reputed son, Maharaja Sher Singh, who briefly became the ruler of the Sikh Empire from 1841 until his death in 1843. Mehtab Kaur was the only daughter of <mask> and Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya. She was betrothed to a six-year-old Ranjit Singh at the age of four. <mask> was the senior-most of Ranjit Singh's wives and according to historian Jean-Marie Lafont, the only one to bear the title of Maharani (high queen) while his other wives bore the lesser title of Rani (queen). After her death, the title was held by Ranjit's second wife and mother of his heir apparent Maharaja Kharak Singh, Datar Kaur. After her death the title was passed down to Ranjit's youngest widow <mask>, who served as regent of the Sikh Empire (after Sher Singh's death) from 1843 till 1846 and was the mother of  Maharaja Duleep Singh.Family
<mask> <mask>, the only child of Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya (Sandhu) and his wife Sada <mask> Dhaliwal, was born in 1782. Upon her birth she was named "Mehtab" (مهتاب) which means 'moonlight' or 'splendor of the moon' in Persian due to her fair and clear complexion. Her father, Gurbaksh Singh, was the heir of Jai Singh Kanhaiya (a Sandhu Jat), the founder and chief of the Kanhaiya Misl. The Kanhaiya Misl, who had replaced the Bhangis as the most powerful misl, disputed Ranjit Singh's father's (Maha Singh) right to plunder Jammu, and in one of the many skirmishes between the two misls, Gurbaksh Singh was killed in

masks:
Mehtab Kaur
Sada Kaur
Mehtab Kaur
Jind Kaur
Mehtab
Kaur
Kaur


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 battle against Maha Singh in February 1785. <mask> <mask>'s mother, Rani Sada <mask>, an intelligent, high spirited and ambitious woman, used to lend support of the Kanhaiya misl to Ranjit Singh till 1821, when she developed differences with him and as a consequence lost her territory to him. Marriage
Jai Singh disagreed to betroth his granddaughter, <mask> <mask>, to Maha Singh's son, Ranjit Singh, but was persuaded by his widowed daughter-in-law, Sada <mask> to agree to the match. The Kanhaiya chief died shortly afterwards in 1789, leaving his estates to Sada <mask> who took over the leadership of the Kanhaiya Misl.The same year the young <mask> <mask> and Ranjit Singh were betrothed and married. The Muklawa happened in 1796. As a teenager, Ranjit Singh took hardly any interest in the affairs of the state, making his mother, <mask>, anxious for his future. She felt that marriage might bring him around to the responsibilities of life. She approached Sada <mask> to fix the muklawa (tradition where the wife goes back to her maternal home) date. Ranjit was fifteen years old when he left Gujranwala for Batala, the chief town of the Kanhaiyas, to perform the after marriage rituals with <mask> <mask> in 1796. This alliance between the two important Sikh families was a major event for Punjab.All the leading Sikh chiefs were present at the wedding. <mask> <mask> was very beautiful and her looks made her seem mismatched for the rugged Ranjit Singh. Even if <mask> <mask> could reconcile herself to her husband's looks, it must have been difficult for her to

masks:
Mehtab
Kaur
Kaur
Mehtab
Kaur
Kaur
Kaur
Mehtab
Kaur
Raj Kaur
Kaur
Mehtab
Kaur
Mehtab
Kaur
Mehtab
Kaur


texts: forget that her father was killed in battle with Ranjit Singh's father. Plus she was haughty and self-willed, a proud woman born to rich parents while Ranjit Singh was a typically simple Punjabi man, rustic in his habits. It was a marriage of convenience for both and they rarely stayed together. After entering into a matrimonial alliance with the Kanhaiya Misl, Ranjit Singh wanted to consolidate his position further which could only be done by drawing some other misl to his side. He made suggestions to head of the Nakais and early in 1797 took a second wife, who was the sister of the Nakai Sardar Gyan Singh Sandhu- with whom he was betrothed to for some time.The marriage turned out to be more successful than the first. His second wife bore his mother's name: <mask>. She was renamed Datar <mask> and was warmly known as Mai Nakain and turned into Ranjit's most loved wife. Ranjit's second marriage and his little interest in her gave <mask> <mask> an excuse to return to Batala. From there on she made only occasional appearances at her husband's home and Ranjit Singh irregularly visited her in Batala. The second marriage took place under the guardianship of <mask> and Sada <mask> in 1792; Sada <mask> accommodated herself to Ranjit's second marriage as she had set her heart on greater and better things. She made laid out plans which Ranjit Singh followed, she hoped to use her influence on him to secure the future of her daughter, her future children as well as the Kanhaiya Misl.Ranjit Singh's second wife, Datar <mask> bore him his first son and heir,

masks:
Raj Kaur
Kaur
Mehtab
Kaur
Raj Kaur
Kaur
Kaur
Kaur


texts:
 Kharak Singh in 1801. With this Sada <mask> left Ranjit Singh's side and returned to her home in Batala, taking her daughter with her, her plans to secure the future of her daughter and the Kanhaiyas in tatters. Issue

Sada Kaur kept on trying to bring Ranjit Singh closer to her daughter and felt happy when Mehtab bore Ranjit his second son (and her first child) in 1804. Thanking God (Ishwar) the child was named Ishar Singh. The prince died in infancy - at the age of one and a half years. <mask> <mask> was pregnant again in 1807 and gave birth to twin sons, Sher Singh and Tara Singh in Batala. Ranjit was near Jawalamukhi when he received the news of their birth, he rushed to Amritsar to pay a thanksgiving visit to the Golden Temple there.The birth of his sons was celebrated greatly. There was cheering in the illustrious camp and when Ranjit returned to Lahore, he gave away vast entire-ties in philanthropy and the city was enlightened for a few nights. Historians differ over whether Sher Singh and Tara Singh were Ranjit Singh's biological sons. During March 1837, on the occasion of the marriage of Kanwar Nau Nihal Singh, Henry Edward Fane, the nephew and aide-de-camp to the Commander-in-Chief, India, General Sir Henry Fane, who spent several days in Ranjit Singh's company, reported that the Maharaja never thoroughly acknowledged Sher Singh. The contemporary historian, Joseph Davey Cunningham, who attended the 1838 conversations between Ranjita Singh and Lord Auckland, also recorded that the Maharaja had doubts. However, Khushwant Singh, writing in

masks: Kaur Mehtab Kaur


texts:
 1962, considered that the rumours regarding the parentage of Sher Singh and Tara Singh were inaccurate and had been spread by Kharak Singh and his mother, Datar <mask>, in order to reduce the possibility of Ranjit Singh preferring Sher Singh, who was fast becoming his father's favourite. Sohan Lal Suri, the official court biographer too notes that Sher Singh and Tara Singh were not the biological sons of Ranjit Singh in his Umdat ut-tawarikh often referring to them as   Despite his doubts, Ranjit Singh gave Sher Singh commands in the army and conferred honours on him, although Kharak Singh remained his favourite.However, no honours were bestowed on Tara Singh and he was not permitted to appear in court. Death
After suffering from a failing health, <mask> <mask> died in 1813. At the time of her death, Ranjit Singh was at Amritsar, where the death of the former had taken place. Ranjit Singh did not go to the incineration and other condolatory functions. After a ton of claims and influences, Dewan Mokham Chand could take the Maharaja to Sada Kaur's derah, where he played out a portion of the critical functions of condolence. In popular culture
<mask> <mask> is portrayed in the TV series  Maharaja Ranjit Singh. A teenage <mask> <mask> is portrayed by Tunisha Sharma in Life OK's historical drama Sher-e-Punjab: Maharaja Ranjit Singh.See also
Sher Singh
Kanhaiya Misl

References

Bibliography

Women of the Sikh Empire
1782 births
1813 deaths
Indian queen consorts
19th-century Indian women
19th-century Indian people
18th-century Indian women
18th-century

masks: Kaur Mehtab Kaur Mehtab Kaur Mehtab Kaur


texts:
<mask>, <mask> of Richmond CBE (born 3 February 1941) is a UK-based broadcaster, Liberal Democrat politician and leadership communications consultant. Early life and education

Lord <mask> of Richmond is the son of the Rev. <mask> and Edna Mary Peters. He was educated at the Diocesan College, Cape Town in South Africa and Kingswood School in Bath. He was an Open Scholar in history at Jesus College, Cambridge 1959, a State Scholar 1959 and was awarded an MA in 1963. He was the Vice-President of the Cambridge Union. <mask>'s German-born wife Karen is an artist: they have two sons, Stephen and Martin.Career

Broadcasting

<mask> joined the BBC after graduating from Cambridge University in 1963, and later became a regular presenter for The Money Programme on BBC Two and Panorama on BBC One. He also reported on London Weekend Television, Radio 4 and the BBC World Service, and wrote and presented award-winning documentaries over many years. He was one of the studio contributors to the BBC's June 1970 Election Night television programme. He is a Fellow and Former Chairman of the Royal Television Society. From 1976 to 1980 he was responsible for media at the European Commission. Politics

In politics, <mask>'s notable role was as President of the Liberal Party. He was appointed CBE in 1985 and, on 23 July 1999 was elevated to the House of Lords with a Life Peerage as <mask> of Richmond, of Richmond in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.He is a member of the House of Lords Select Committee on the European Union. He stood for election four times: as the Liberal candidate for Richmond in the general elections of October 1974 and 1979, and as the Liberal candidate (SDP-Liberal Alliance) for Richmond and Barnes in the general elections of 1983 and 1987. On all four occasions, he came in second place, losing to the Conservatives. Outside of the United Kingdom, Lord <mask> is Chair of the Albanian British Chamber of Commerce and is a Member of the European Parliament's High Level Group on Romania. His political interests are

masks:
Alan John Watson
Baron Watson
Watson
John William Watson
Watson
Watson
Watson
Baron Watson
Watson


texts:
 the "worldwide use of English, EU enlargement and transatlantic relationship". Leadership communications

Lord <mask> was Chairman of CTN Communications until retirement, a creative communications agency based on St Martin's Lane in central London. He advises the leaders of major UK and international companies on their communications, with clients including BP, BAE Systems and Tesco.Board memberships

Business

 Executive Chairman, CTN Communications
 Executive Chairman, Havas Media
 Chairman, Nexus Partnerships
 Chairman, Coca-Cola European Advisory Board
 Non-Executive Chairman, I-COMP

Not-for-profit

 Chairman, The Council of Commonwealth Societies
 Chairman, The European Movement UK
 Chairman, The Father Thames Trust
 Chairman, The Arcadia Advisory Board
 British Chairman, Königswinter Anglo-German Conference
 President, British-German Association
 Co-Chair, Jamestown 1607-2007 British Committee
 Non-Executive Chairman, Raisin Social (a wine importer)
 Member, The Executive Committee of the Pilgrims Society
 Member, The Prince of Wales Business Leaders' Forum
 Patron, The Richmond Society
 Patron, Museum of Richmond
 Patron, The Richmond in Europe Association
 International Chairman Emeritus, The English-Speaking Union
 Chairman Emeritus, Royal Television Society
 Former Executive Board Member, UNICEF UK
 President, The European-Atlantic Movement (TEAM)

Positions at educational institutions

<mask> holds a range of visiting and honorary posts at universities in the United Kingdom and abroad. United Kingdom

 High Steward, Cambridge University
 Visiting Fellow, Oriel College, Oxford University
 Honorary Fellow, Jesus College, Cambridge
 Chairman, Cambridge University Chemistry Advisory Board
 Life Patron, Cambridge's Churchill Archives Centre
 Chairman, The Cambridge Foundation
 Honorary Professor, University of Birmingham
 Trustee, The American International University in London
 Former Chairman, Governors at Westminster College, Oxford
 President, The British Accreditation Council for Independent Further and

masks:
Watson
Lord Watson


texts:
 Higher Education

Overseas

 Honorary Doctor, St Lawrence University, USA
 Visiting Professor, Leuven, Belgium
 Honorary Professor, Saint Petersburg State University, Russia
 Honorary Professor, Korea University, South Korea
 Trustee, The Centre for British Studies, Humboldt University, Berlin

Publications

Europe at Risk

Europe at Risk was Lord Waton's first publication, released in 1972. The Germans: Who Are They Now? The Germans: Who Are They Now? is a non-fiction book, first published in 1992. Eminent Europeans: personalities who shaped contemporary Europe

Eminent Europeans: personalities who shaped contemporary Europe is a collection of 17 essays on the personalities who have shaped modern Europe, for which Lord <mask> contributed the essay entitled Thatcher and Kohl: Old Rivalries Revisited. The book was published in 1996, and edited by Martyn Bond, Julie Smith and William Wallace.Jamestown: The Voyage of English

Published in 2007, Jamestown: The Voyage of English is an exploration of the global significance of the arrival of the Godspeed, the Susan Constant and the Discovery on America's East Coast in 1607. These three ships carried the ideas and the language which would shape the modern world. <mask> tells the story of a precarious venture that nearly failed. But it succeeded against the odds, planting the seeds of representative government, capitalism and the rule of law. These ideas were expressed in a language which had just reached a peak of power and vitality – the English of Shakespeare, Tyndale and Cranmer's Prayer Book. The year 1607 marks the start of the voyage of English from the language of 4 million inhabitants of the British Isles to its role as today's working language of the global village used by almost 2 billion people world-wide. The Queen and the USA

The Queen and the USA is a non-fiction book published in March 2012 by Dementi Milestone Publishing.During 2012, Queen Elizabeth II celebrated the 60th anniversary of her role as Queen of the United Kingdom. This book explores and


texts:
 celebrates the special relationship between the American and British people during this period, and honours Queen Elizabeth II for her role and contribution to a friendship recognised throughout the world. Co-authored by Horace Edward "Chip" Mann, the book is highly visual, and includes photographs of the Queen with twelve US Presidents. Churchill's Legacy, Two Speeches to Save the World

Published in 2016, [http://www.bloomsbury.com/churchillslegacy Churchill's Legacy, Two Speeches to Save the World] is a non-fiction book published in September 2016 by Bloomsbury Publishing to mark the 70th anniversary of Churchill's speeches in 1946, first in March in Fulton, Missouri, often known as the Iron Curtain speech, and then in September in Zurich, Switzerland, often known as the United States of Europe speech. Honours and awards

Below is a list of <mask>'s most notable awards. For educational honours, please see the above section, Positions at Educational Institutions. Commander of the Order of the British Empire, 1985
 Federal Cross of Merit (Germany), 1995 (for his "significant and enduring contribution" to understanding between Germany and Britain)
 Grand Cross of Merit (Germany), 2001
 Commander's Grand Cross of the Romanian Order of Merit, 2004
 Churchill Medal, 2005
 The Loyola Schools Award for Outstanding Achievement in the Promotion of English by Manila University, 2005
 Knights Grand Cross of the German Order of Merit, 2007
 Knight of Honor of the Order of St. George, 2016

References

External links
Official website
Announcement of his introduction at the House of Lords

Watson of Richmond
Watson of Richmond
Alumni of Diocesan College, Cape Town
Alumni of Jesus College, Cambridge
Watson of Richmond
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Fellows of Jesus College, Cambridge
Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Watson of Richmond
People educated at Kingswood School, Bath
People from Port Elizabeth
Presidents of the


texts:
<mask><mask> (February 26, 1935 - June 10, 2015) was an early Silicon Valley entrepreneur, a professor of engineering and vice president at Stanford University, president of Harvey Mudd College, and founding president of Keck Graduate Institute (KGI) of Applied Life Sciences at the Claremont Colleges. His areas of specialization included financial analysis and control, management technology, technical strategy, and new venture management. <mask> was a popular professor who taught for over 45 years and published multiple books. He started the large-scale academic fund-raising efforts that are now widely used by major institutions, launched a graduate school focused solely on training leaders in biosciences (KGI), and served on numerous boards. Early life and education
<mask> was raised in Hinsdale, Illinois, the youngest of three children born to Joseph and <mask> (siblings Ruth and Joseph Andrew). His father helped run the Goss Printing Press Company, which developed presses for newspapers. <mask> attended boarding school at Phillips Academy, Andover, followed by Stanford University, where he earned a BS in Industrial Engineering in 1957.<mask> then received an MBA from the Harvard Business School in 1960. He also holds honorary Doctorates in Engineering from Harvey Mudd College and in Applied Life Sciences from the Keck Graduate Institute. Early business career
<mask> worked for over a decade at early Silicon Valley companies and institutes. Between undergraduate and graduate school (1957-1958) he worked at Ampex, and from 1960-1963 at the Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International). From 1963-1970 <mask> worked at Icore Industries, as president for his final three years, and from 1970-1974, he was Chief Financial Officer at Measurex. Teaching career
While working at Icore <mask> began to teach part-time at

masks:
Henry E
. ( Hank ) Riggs
Riggs
Riggs
Gretchen Riggs
Riggs
Riggs
Riggs
Riggs
Riggs


texts:
 Stanford and joined the faculty full time in 1974. He was the Thomas Ford Professor of Engineering Management.From 1978 to 1983 he was chair of the Stanford Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management Department. One of <mask>' key courses at Stanford was Industrial Accounting (IE 133; now IE 140), which covered principles of financial and cost accounting. He was a dedicated teacher, and in 1979 was awarded the Tau Beta Pi Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Engineering Teaching, and in 1980 he received Stanford's highest award for excellence in teaching: the Walter J. Gores Faculty Achievement Award. <mask> commonly used case studies in his teaching, and as he biked through campus to class, he cut quite a figure in his suit and signature bow-tie. He continued to teach while taking on academic leadership roles (below). Following his retirement from KGI, he returned to Stanford as Emeritus Professor and continued to teach there from 2004 until 2015. Most recently he led "The Art and Logic of Fundraising" course offered by the Stanford Continuing Studies program (BUS 104).Academic leadership career

Vice President for Development at Stanford
In 1983 <mask> was named Vice President for Development at Stanford and headed all university fundraising efforts. In this role he re-imagined academic philanthropy as a large-scale operation. With this approach he successfully led the Stanford Centennial Campaign, the first billion dollar academic fund-raising effort, which has been widely followed by major institutions. President of Harvey Mudd College
<mask> was named President of Harvey Mudd College in 1988. During his 9 years as president major advances were made to the college. This included building multiple new buildings and the Linde student recreation center, providing new or renovated space to all faculty members,

masks: Riggs Riggs Riggs Riggs


texts:
 increasing enrollment by 70 students, attracting new faculty members, launching Biology and Computer Science Departments, successfully undertaking a large fund-raising campaign, and balancing the college's budget. Founding President of Keck Graduate Institute (KGI)
<mask>' early career in Silicon Valley left him convinced that colleges and universities need to be more flexible and entrepreneurial to serve their students and the public good.In 1997 <mask> founded the seventh Claremont College, the Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences (KGI). <mask>' vision for KGI was based on the realization that life sciences would dominate the 21st century and that new institutions were needed to educate the future leaders in this realm. KGI was the nation's first graduate school dedicated solely to preparing students for professional careers in life sciences and offers a Master of Bioscience (MBS) degree and a doctoral degree (MBS-PhD) in Applied Life Sciences. The KGI curriculum uses entrepreneurial, team-based learning and real-world projects that integrate computational and systems biology, bioengineering, business management and bioethics. <mask> served as President of KGI from 1997-2003, as Chair of the Board of Trustees from 2003 to 2004, and President Emeritus from 2003-2015. In 2006 the <mask>. <mask> Professor of Management was endowed at KGI in honor of <mask>' vision founding the school. Other leadership roles
<mask> held a number of important leadership roles in industry and education.Board on Higher Education & Workforce, National Academies. Trustee, Phillips Andover Academy. Board of trustees of Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering. Board Institute for Systems Biology. Member of the California Council on Science and Technology. Chair of the Stanford University alumni association's board of directors. Board,

masks:
Riggs
Riggs
Riggs
Riggs
Henry E
Riggs
Riggs
Riggs


texts:
 Capital Group (Growth Fund of America, American Balanced Fund, Income Fund of America, Fundamental Investors, and International Growth and Income Fund).Board, International Technology Corporation
 Board of the American Automobile Association. Board, Avenidas

Writing
Riggs wrote many articles and books. The Price of Perception, influential New York Times op-ed challenging the practices by which top-tier colleges set tuition rates. The Mouths of Gift Horses, about leveraging gifts for both institutions and society. Accounting: A Survey, McGraw-Hill, 1981. Managing High-Technology Companies, Wadsworth, 1983. Financial and Economic Analysis for Engineering and Technology Management, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004.Understanding the Financial Score, 2007. The Art and Logic of Fundraising, 2014. Personal
In his personal life <mask> had two great loves: his family and travel. He met his wife, Gayle <mask>, when they were both undergraduates at Stanford and they married in 1958. They have three children and six grandchildren to whom <mask> was extremely dedicated. He and Gayle saw much of the world by bicycles, Eurovan, and boat. <mask> was an avid photographer for a long time, and an avid cook and accordion player for a much shorter time.References

Harvard Business School alumni
1935 births
2015 deaths
Presidents of Stanford University
Phillips Academy alumni
Stanford University

masks:
Riggs
Carson Riggs
Riggs
Riggs


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<mask> (April 13, 1924 – September 11, 2020) was a German-born American cultural and intellectual historian, whose two principal areas of research were war and the interaction of art and politics from 18th to 20th century Europe. He also wrote on related subjects. Early life
<mask> was born in 1924 in Berlin, the son of <mask> and Suzanne Aimée Cassirer. On his father's side, he is descended from a French family that emigrated to Germany in 1679. Thirteen of <mask>'s ancestors, including his great grandfather and grandfather, were Protestant ministers. His father, severely wounded in the First World War, studied philosophy before turning to business, and after the Second World War became head of the firm Beuck and Paret, business consultants. <mask>'s mother, who began to study medicine after her marriage, came from a Jewish family well known for the past two centuries in manufacturing (weaving looms, steel cables), finance, publishing, and scholarship.Her father, Paul Cassirer, publisher and art dealer, was an important force for modernism in the arts in Germany. The philosopher Ernst Cassirer was her uncle. In 1932, <mask>'s parents were divorced, and his mother with her young daughter moved to Vienna, where she continued her studies with Sigmund Freud. <mask> followed in January 1933. In the following year, his mother married the psychoanalyst and educational reformer Siegfried Bernfeld – subject of a recent biography by <mask>, Er war halt genialer als die anderen (Vienna, 2012) – and with her husband and children moved to France, and in August 1937 to the United States, where they settled in San Francisco. Career
<mask> entered the University of California, Berkeley, in January 1942, was drafted the following year, and served in combat intelligence and operations sections of an infantry battalion in the New Guinea and Philippine campaigns and in Korea. In 1946, at the age of 21, he was discharged with the rank of Staff Sergeant, reentered UC Berkeley as a sophomore, and graduated in 1949, after which he returned to Europe to

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Peter Paret
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Hans Paret
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Peter Dudeck
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texts: reconnect with his father and other relatives.His plan to study art history was interrupted by the need to assist his mother during his stepfather's final illness, and it was not until 1955 that he began graduate study, this time in history, at King's College London. He wrote his dissertation on the Prussian Reform era under Michael Howard, became an early member of the Institute for Strategic Studies, served as Resident Tutor in the Delegacy of Extra-Mural Studies of Oxford University, and in the last year before receiving his degree, began to publish articles on contemporary military thought as well as on recent history, having found important documents in the British archives, including a lost register of a Gestapo prison established after the attempt on Hitler's life on July 20, 1944. After receiving his Ph.D., in 1960, <mask> returned to the United States as Research Associate at the Center of International Studies, Princeton University, where he spent two years. With John W. Shy, who was then a finishing graduate student at Princeton, he wrote his first book, Guerrillas in the 1960s (New York, 1961), a short work analyzing the nature of irregular warfare and the difficulties it posed to modern, industrialized societies, which was reprinted several times, and came out in an expanded edition the following year. In 1962, <mask> came to the University of California, Davis, as Visiting Assistant Professor. He was promoted to tenure the following year, and to full professor in 1966. During these years at an innovative, rapidly expanding campus, which he later characterized as the happiest in his academic career, he published a study of the modern French theory of political-military warfare, French Revolutionary Warfare from Indochina to Algeria (New York, 1966), and an expanded version of his dissertation, Yorck and the Era of Prussian Reform (Princeton, 1966), a work combining ideological analysis with the study of operational and tactical doctrine, and prepared the context for his growing interest in the ideas and life of Clausewitz,

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