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 the team at the Daytona 500 in the No. 16. On February 9, <mask> made the field by posting the fastest qualifying speed of all the non-charter teams (190.018 mph; 31st overall). After starting 33rd, he was involved in a lap 184 wreck that resulted in a red flag but finished 13th. In July, <mask> rejoined Spire for the 2020 NASCAR All-Star Race at Bristol, having qualified via his 2019 Daytona win; he finished 14th. <mask> was offered a contract by Spire for the 2021 NASCAR Cup Series season. When COVID-19 protocols forced him to miss the Drydene 400 at Dover, Josh Berry took over the No.77. <mask> ran 31 races during the season; 30 races for Spire in the No. 77 and one race for Kaulig in the No. 16. In June 2021, Kaulig Racing announced in junction with going full-time in the Cup Series in 2022 that <mask> will race full-time in one of the teams' two charters. On December 15, 2021 Kaulig Racing revealed that <mask> will drive the No. 31 entry for the team.Personal life
<mask> is the nephew of Todd Braun, owner of Braun Motorsports. He lives in North Carolina. He is one of four children, with two younger sisters and an older brother Quentin, who races Dirt Modified’s co-owned by himself and <mask>. <mask> has gone vegan for stretches of time. Motorsports career results

NASCAR
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)Cup Series

Daytona 500

Xfinity Series

Gander RV & Outdoors Truck Series

K&N Pro Series East

K&N Pro Series West

 Season still in progress
 Ineligible for series points

ARCA Racing Series
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.) References

External links

Living people
1999 births
People from Pulaski County, Indiana
Racing drivers from Indiana
ARCA Menards Series drivers
NASCAR drivers
CARS Tour

masks: Haley Haley Haley Haley Haley Haley Haley Justin Haley


type: original

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<mask> (; 10 March 1877 – 4 November 1963) was a Mexican politician and the President of Mexico from 1930 to 1932. He was one of three Mexican presidents to serve out the six-year term (1928–1934) of assassinated president-elect Álvaro Obregón, while former president Plutarco Elías Calles retained power in a period known as the Maximato. Calles was so blatantly in control of the government that <mask> resigned the presidency in protest in September 1932. Early life and education
He was born in Morelia, Michoacán, the son of a lawyer and landowner, <mask>erta, and Leonor <mask>. He attended the Colegio de San Nicolás, in Michoacan's capital of Morelia, training as an engineer. He became politically active as a student and was opposed to the re-election of Porfirio Díaz in 1896. With the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution in 1910 and the election of Francisco I. Madero in 1911, <mask> was elected to the federal legislature as a representative from Michoacan.When General Victoriano Huerta forced Madero and his vice president to resign and then murdered them in February 1913, Huerta jailed <mask>. Huerta was ousted in 1914 by several revolutionary factions, and the Federal Army collapsed with that defeat. <mask> joined the Constitutionalist Army headed by Venustiano Carranza. With the rank of colonel initially, he rose to the rank of brigadier general. The Constitutionalist faction went on to defeat rival revolutionary factions. Career

Early positions
<mask> served as Governor of Michoacán, from 1917 to 1920, and then as secretary of communications, from 1920 to 1921, under Sonoran generals Adolfo de la Huerta and

masks:
Pascual Ortiz Rubio
Ortiz Rubio
Pascual Ortiz de Ayala y Hu
Rubio Cornejo
Ortiz Rubio
Ortiz Rubio
Ortiz Rubio
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 Álvaro Obregón, who, along with fellow Sonoran Plutarco Elías Calles dominated politics in the 1920s. When Calles was elected president in 1924, <mask> was appointed Mexican ambassador to Germany, and then Brazil.Presidency 1929–1932

The Presidency of <mask> has been seen as the apex of ex-President Calles's power as jefe máximo, with <mask> portrayed as "puppet president." Although he is not the focus of major scholarly studies, his presidency has been examined in the context of post-revolutionary Mexican history. Election of 1929
President-elect Álvaro Obregón was assassinated in 1928, leaving a power vacuum. Since Calles could not succeed himself as president, he created a political party, the Partido Nacional Revolucionario (PNR). That move institutionalized power and was the way that Calles could maintain personal control of men holding the presidency. Emilio Portes Gil was interim president after the assassination, and new elections were set for 1929. Calles passed over Portes Gil and Aarón Sáenz, who had expected to become the candidate and tapped <mask> to be PNR's candidate in the election of 17 November 1929.He ran against José Vasconcelos, Obregón's Secretary of Public Education, noted for his stance against corruption and Calles's authoritarian rule. <mask> had no independent power base that could counterbalance Calles, and so as president, he was seen an ineffective leader. <mask> had been the ambassador to Brazil during crucial years in the 1920s that political alliances were forged. Vasconcelos was a strong opposition candidate who had considerable support among university students, the middle

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 class, and some workers from northeast Mexico. Just before overtures from Cristeros to the Vasconcelos campaign led to further developments, the government concluded an agreement with the Vatican to bring the Cristero War to a close. It was believed at the time that Vasconcelos actually won the election. According to one report, the margin was only 700,000 votes.However, according to the official results of the 1929 elections, <mask>'s won by a landslide over Vasconcelos. According to Mexican historian Enrique Krauze, the real winner of the election was "the new institution, the PNR, which now, for the first time in Mexican history, as a party determined the succession." Cabinets
The cabinet of <mask> underwent many changes in his brief presidency, many of which were at the behest of ex-President Plutarco Elías Calles. There were many familiar names in Mexican revolutionary politics. The interim president Portes Gil initially became Minister of the Interior, the highest ranking cabinet post, but there were multiple changes in the post, including the appointment of general Lázaro Cárdenas who served in 1931. As Minister of Public Education, the disappointed Aarón Sáenz presidential hopeful served briefly but quickly moved to lead the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. General Joaquín Amaro headed War and Navy as he had in the cabinets of Calles and of Portes Gil.At Agriculture and Development was General Manuel Pérez Treviño. The cabinet-level position of head of the Federal District that governed Mexico City was initially held by Dr. José Manuel Puig Casauranc. Conflicts
During his term as president, he oversaw

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 the passage of a new labor law and inaugurated the zoo in Chapultepec Park. Alleging excessive interference in his presidency by ex-President Calles, from whom <mask> demonstrated independence while he was in office and still seriously shaken by an attempt on his life at the very start of his term, he resigned the presidency on 4 September 1932. He resigned "with my hands clean of blood or money" and later in his memoir called Calles's rule as a "thinly veiled dictatorship." He was succeeded by substitute President Abelardo L. Rodríguez, a revolutionary general and another protégé of Calles, who served the remaining two years of the six-year term. Later life
Following his resignation, <mask> went into self-exile in the United States.He returned to Mexico in 1935, following the 1934 election of President Lázaro Cárdenas, a fellow son of Michoacán. In 1942, President Manuel Ávila Camacho invited all former presidents of Mexico as a show of unity to join together in a public event at the Zócalo in Mexico City, with Emilio Portes Gil, <mask> <mask>, Abelardo Rodríguez, the three presidents during the Maximato, along with Lázaro Cárdenas and Plutarco Elías Calles. In 1963, <mask> published a memoir. Gallery

See also

Plutarco Elías Calles
List of heads of state of Mexico
Maximato

References

Further reading
Buchenau, Jürgen. Plutarco Elías Calles and the Mexican Revolution. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield 2007. Díaz Babio, Francisco.Un drama nacional. Mexico City: M. León Sánchez 1939. Díaz Babio, Francisco. Actividades de Pascual Ortiz <mask>. Mexico City: Imprenta Aguilar 1929. Dulles, John W. F. Yesterday in Mexico:

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 A Chronicle of the Revolution, 1919–1936. Austin: University of Texas Press 1961.Franco, Luis. G. Glosa del período del gobierno del C. Gral. e Ing. <mask> <mask>, 1930–1932: Ramo de Governación; Narraciones históricas; el Partido de Ingenieros, Arquitectos y sus Colaboradores (PIA). Mexico City 1947. Franco, Luis. G. Relaciones exteriores en una actuación histórica.El Partido de Ingenieros, Arquitectos y sus Colaboradores (PIA). Mexico City 1947. Krauze, Enrique, Mexico: Biography of Power. New York: HarperCollins 1997. Meyer, Lorenzo. Historia de la Revolución Mexicana, vols. 12 and 13.1978. Medin, Tzvi. El minimato presidencial: Historia del maximato. 1982. <mask>, <mask>. Memorias de un penitente. Mexico City: Imprenta Francisca 1916.Pani, Alberto J. Apuntes autobiográficos. 2 vols. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa 1951. Portes Gil, Emilio. Quince años de política mexicana. 2nd edition. Mexico City: Botas 1941.Puig Casauranc, José Manuel. Galatea Rebelde a varios pigmaliones. Mexico City: Impresores Unidos 1938. Simpson, Eyler N. The Ejido: Mexico's Way Out. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press 1937. Ugalde, José. Quién es <mask>ubio''.Talleres Linotipográficos, Papelería Nacional 1929. External links

Mexconnect article

1877 births
1963 deaths
People from Morelia
Politicians from Michoacán
Governors of Michoacán
Mexican Secretaries of Communications and Transportation
Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians
Presidents of Mexico
Mexican generals
Ambassadors of Mexico to Brazil
Ambassadors of Mexico to Germany

Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo alumni
20th-century Mexican

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Ortiz Rubio
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<mask> (1916–1991)  was an American artist known for her abstract treatment of still lifes. Building on the French modernist tradition of Matisse and Cézanne, she gave color precedence over representation. Shortly after her death a critic said "throughout her career <mask> worked within a relatively narrow aesthetic range. She was interested in spatial organization and in creating space through color — concerns of another painter she admired, Henri Matisse. There's a sense of Matisse in her later work, but no indication that she was trying to imitate him; the resonance reflects shared concerns." From her first exhibition in 1943 through the end of her life she was given a total of thirty-four solo  exhibitions in Philadelphia, New York, and other East Coast galleries and her works have been collected by major museums including  the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, the Brooklyn Museum, the National Academy of Design, The Phillips Collection, and the Carnegie Museum of Art. Early life and training

<mask> was raised in a prosperous and well-connected  Philadelphia family.At the age of nine she spent a year at a pension in Cannes where, observing an amateur artist at work, she became infatuated with painting and afterwards convinced her reluctant father to enroll her in an art class. After a few years' study under the Philadelphia artist Grace Gemberling, she was able to study art as a boarder in a private school for girls, Westover School in Middlebury, Connecticut. Graduating in 1935, she returned to Philadelphia where she studied at the  Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, first under Daniel Garber, whom she found to be too authoritarian, and then under Arthur Carles whose instruction she felt to be the most useful of all her teachers and whose artistic influence remained with her for the rest of her career. In 1936 she also enrolled for private study with the artist and collector Earl Horter. In his studio, her

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 frequent close contact with paintings by Picasso, Braque, and Matisse made her aware of new possibilities in her own work. The influence of French Modernism on her work was also enhanced by informal study in Paris in 1937 and periods of study in the Barnes collection  in 1938. Three years later she spent the summer months at the school Hans Hofmann conducted in Provincetown, Massachusetts.<mask> appreciated Hofmann's instruction but preferred Carles's. Exhibitions and critical reception
Although <mask> was a productive artist, fiercely devoted to her work, she had no need of income from sales and showed as frequently in non-commercial as  commercial galleries. Her first appearance in a public exhibition occurred in 1931 when a painting of hers was included in a children's art show at a Philadelphia women's cultural organization called the Plastic Club. Grace Gemberling mounted the show to put works by her young students on display. <mask>'s contribution was in a set of pictures on the theme of jealousy. Reviewing the show, C. H. Bonte of the Philadelphia Inquirer found the work in general to be natural and spontaneous and the jealousy set in particular to be emotionally overwhelming. <mask>'s unnamed and unsigned painting of 1942-43, called "Composition in Red," indicates the style of her work at the beginning of her professional career.During her career she participated in exhibitions held by non-commercial organizations included group and solo shows at the Philadelphia Art Alliance,  Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Woodmere Art Museum, Philadelphia Arts Festival, Philadelphia Center for Architecture, Cheltenham Art Center, Wallingford Community Center, and galleries in Friends' Central School, Swarthmore College, Lehigh University and New York Studio School. A traveling exhibition, "<mask>: Retrospective Paintings, 1940–1985," was first mounted in James Madison University in 1985. In 1943 <mask> was given her first appearance in a commercial gallery.

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texts: Remarkably, this debut was a solo exhibition. The venue was the Robert Carlen Gallery in Philadelphia. She was given a second solo show at Carlen in 1959. Her first solo exhibition in a New York commercial gallery was at the Bonestell Gallery in 1947.Other commercial solo shows included the Dubin Gallery (Philadelphia, 1954), Parma Gallery (New York, 1958), Cherry Stone Gallery (Wellfleet, Mass., 1971), Bodley Gallery (New York, 1981), Mangel Gallery (Philadelphia, 1987), and Rising Tide Gallery (Wellfleet, Mass., 1990). Beginning in 1971, she also had eight solo exhibitions at the Gross-McCleaf Gallery in Philadelphia. Throughout the course of her career, <mask> was given thirty-four solo exhibitions in commercial and non-commercial galleries in Philadelphia, New York, and Cape Cod. <mask>'s untitled painting of 1961 indicates the non-objective style of her work late in her career. Critical reception of <mask>'s work was at first tepid but grew stronger as her career progressed. Reviewing her first show in 1943, a critic complained that the paintings were overly-abstract and decorative, "admirably adapted for the adornment of modern rooms." In 1956 her paintings received praise as "poetic light-filled abstractions."At the height of her career in 1983 a reviewer found that "her abiding lyrical connection with nature and the domestic environment, and pursuit of a unique, individual perception, place her firmly within a strong American tradition, although she remains spiritually separate from any trend or movement." A few years later she was recognized for an "original, daring approach" that was "firmly in the tradition of great American still life painting." <mask>'s "Fruit and Flowers of 1974 shows her handling of objects in an abstract style. In 1986 a curator who had organized a retrospective exhibition of her work wrote that  "she retains a sense of wonder while developing ever new complex harmonies of form and color" and a reviewer, calling <mask> one

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 of Philadelphia's best artists, said her paintings "with her preference for yellow, orange and red tints and clear blues and greens, give an original picture of her domestic environment and nature's bounty and profuse growth." This critic continued: "Clearly, this gifted artist has had success creating a living and working environment that has a direct relationship to her creative life as an artist." In 2010, nineteen years after her death, <mask> was called "one of Philadelphia's finest painters" and three years later she was called "one of Philadelphia's most prominent modernist painters." Artistic style and working methods

In addition to the pervasive influence of her mentor Carles, <mask>'s early paintings were said to show the influence of Matisse and Cézanne.The influence of Carles and Matisse persisted as well in her late and final work. Color appears as the organizing principle in most of her paintings from the first to the last. Although constant reworking made it difficult to discern, her paintings were infrequently purely abstract. In fact she was primarily a still life painter and almost always used objects in her studio as a starting point for each work. Late in her career, a critic noted that her paintings were neither "abstract" nor "figurative," but something in between. She herself said, "I was never conscious of painting representationally or not painting representationally. I was always involved in spacial forms, which naturally lead you somewhat into abstraction.You have to handle your responses to what you're seeing. I was putting down what I saw and how I felt about what I found as connecting links." In her work <mask> wished to express her emotions rather than give a pictorial narrative. At the height of her career she responded to the poems of Wallace Stevens valuing the way in which they expressed emotions "in a moment's clarity of thought." In addition to rich colors, her mature work was noted for her use of  white pigment,

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 which she used as negative space in order to better define her subjects. She was said, like Matisse, to be "interested in spatial organization and in creating space through color,"  and a critic appreciated her late paintings for the "space structured by color, using still-life motifs" that they conveyed. Early in her career most of <mask>'s paintings were made in oil  on canvas.Later, she mainly used acrylic colors which she liked because of the quality of the whites. The shorter drying time was also important to her as she repainted continually as her paintings evolved. A private person who worked in solitude, she worked intensely, believing, as Carles had maintained, that in painting "you put everything in your life into it." Speaking of students she had taught, she said it took more than just talent to sustain a professional career: "You must be able to tolerate yourself for long periods of time, working in the isolation of a studio." She was unusually disciplined and rarely took time off. Despite family responsibilities (raising two daughters and moving the family about as her husband's career evolved), she once said a six-month hiatus was the longest time she had spent out of the studio. "Observers should feel that the act of painting was effortless – that it happened, it just happened," she said in a 1977 magazine interview."Which of course," she added, "is not true." A few years later she said, "Painting is a pleasure, even though painful. It will always be a pleasure for me, because it is the thing I want to do the most." Collections

<mask>'s paintings are held in the permanent collections of the Philadelphia Museum of Art, Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Brooklyn Museum, Carnegie Museum of Art, National Academy of Design, Phillips Collection, Provincetown Art Museum, Mount Holyoke College Art Museum, and Woodmere Art Museum. Art teacher

She taught painting and drawing at the Philadelphia Museum of Art in the mid-1950s. From 1956 to 1985 she

masks: Piper Piper


texts:
 taught at the Philadelphia College of Art. She also taught at the Pennsylvania Academy and the New York Studio School.Of her teaching method she said, "In teaching I relate to the students one to one. I try to wait until they've done something, and then I talk to them about what they've done. I think they get much more from the setups or from looking at other paintings than they do from a lecture." Personal life and family

<mask> was born in Philadelphia on August 21, 1916. Her father was Edmund B<mask> and her mother Elizabeth Gibson <mask>. They were married in 1906 and settled in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. Her grandparents on her father's side were members of an old and prominent family of Watsontown and neighboring Williamsport.On her mother's side her grandparents were prosperous Williamsport merchants. Edmund B<mask> was a well-known obstetrician and gynecologist who gained recognition for a forceps he designed (and which bears his name). Elizabeth Gibson <mask> led an active social life, her name appearing frequently in the society columns of the Philadelphia Inquirer. <mask> had two older sisters, Helen E. and Eleanor L<mask>. In 1925, <mask>'s mother and the three girls, aged eighteen, fifteen, and nine, spent the winter in France and it was there, at a pension in Cannes, that <mask> decided she would become an artist. During the winter of 1933–34, following the elaborate activities required for the introduction to society of Helen and Eleanor as well as Helen's marriage to Henry B. Coxe, <mask>'s mother again took the three daughters to France. In the meantime, the three had been names as principal beneficiaries in the will of a wealthy maiden aunt, Elizabeth L<mask>, each to receive $30,000 on their eighteenth birthdays, and <mask> had become a boarding student at Westover School in Middlebury, Connecticut.In February 1935 <mask>'s father died at the age of fifty-four, in May she graduated from Westover, and in November she was honored as a

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 débutante when a Bachrach portrait appeared in the society pages of the Philadelphia Inquirer. During the remaining years of the 1930s she was an active participant in Philadelphia society, participating in a charity ball, being a bridesmaid in wedding ceremonies, joining the Junior League, and entertaining friends at her mother's summer place in Eagles Mere. <mask> was twenty-six when she married a Navy aviation cadet, E. Digby Bartzell, Jr., in the winter of 1943. His family, like hers, was prominent in Philadelphia society and, like her, he had attended prestigious private boarding school. Subsequently he had obtained Ivy League undergraduate and graduate degrees and, following service as a military intelligence officer in the South Pacific, had become a highly-respected professor of sociology. <mask> kept her maiden name for professional uses and her married name for other uses. She and Baltzell had two daughters, Eve, born in 1944, and Jan, born in 1948.Following his discharge from the Navy in 1945, the young family moved from place to place as Baltzell's career evolved. In 1963 <mask> and Baltzell began spending summers in Wellfleet on Cape Cod and two years later, having bought a house there, <mask> built a studio on the property. <mask> died on August 8, 1991, less than two weeks before her 75th birthday, and was buried in Philadelphia's Woodlands Cemetery. Baltzell died in Boston at age 80 on August 17, 1996. Further reading

<mask>, Richard J Boyle, Bill Scott, and Hollis Taggart Galleries, <mask> : poetic distillations [exhibition], 9 May to 15 July 2005 (New York, N.Y. : Hollis Taggart Galleries, 2005)

William P. Scott, "Continuity and Change: Conversations with <mask>," American Artist'' (v. 42, no. 436, November 1978, pp. 76–80, 122–124)

Notes

References

1916 births
1991 deaths
20th-century American painters
20th-century American women artists
Artists from Philadelphia
American women painters
American art educators
Burials at The

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<mask> (; 8 June 1926 – 8 October 1998) was a Romanian-Jewish music theoretician, pedagogue, and composer. A pupil of Aram Khachaturian, he composed seven symphonies, eight string quartets, concertos, and chamber music. He also wrote three operas: Iona (1976), Praznicul Calicilor (1981), and Telegrame, Tema si Variatiuni (1983). He was awarded the Herder Prize in 1986. He was the father of pianist, writer, and mathematician <mask>. List of works

Dramatic
Iona (op, 1, after M. Sorescu and sketches by M.C. Escher), 1972–75, concert perf.Bucharest, 31 October 1976
Praznicul calicilor [The Feast of the Beggars] (op, after M. Sorbul), 1978–80, Berlin, 1991
Telegrame (mini-op, after I.L. Caragiale), 1983
Tema cu variatiuni [Theme and Variations] (mini-op, after Caragiale), 1983
Ultimele zile, ultimele ore [The Last Days, the Last Hours] (op, 3, after A.S. Pushkin: Motsart i Sal'yeri and M.A. Bulgakov: Poslednie dni [The Last Days]), 1990–95

Film scores
(names of dirs. in parentheses):
Când primavara e fierbinte [When Spring is Hot] (M. Saucan), 1960
Ciucurencu (E. Nussbaum), 1964
Procesul alb [The White Trial] (I. Mihu), 1965
Brâncusi la Târgu-Jiu [Brâncusi at Târgu-Jiu] (Nussbaum), 1966
Soarele negru [Black Sun] (S. Popovici),

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Anatol Vieru
Andrei Vieru


texts:
 1968
O suta de lei [100 Lei] (M. Saucan), 1972
Felix si Otilia [Felix and Otilia] (Mihu), 1974
Marele singuratic [The Great Lonesome] (Mihu), 1976
Intoarcera lui Voda Lapusneanu [Lapusneanu's Return] (M. Ursianu), 1979

Orchestral
Symphonies:
no.1 'Oda tacerii' [Ode to Silence], 1967
no.2, 1973
no.3 'La un cutremur' [Earthquake Sym. ), 1949
 Miorita [The Ewe Lamb] (oratorio), 1957
 Cantata anilor lumina [Light Years Cant.] O that you were a Brother to Me, 8vv, 1987
 III. Siehe, du bist schön, Mez, a sax, 1985
 IV.cello, percussion (1977)
 Narration, organ, 1973
 Piano Sonata, 1976
 Pelinarium, synthesizer, 1986
 Dar I [Gift], flute, 1988
 Dar II, cello, 1989
 Design-Dasein, flute+a flute+piccolo, 1993
 Piano Sonata, 1994
 Ritmuri [Rhythms], piano, 1994
 Adio, piano, 1996
 Eppur si muove, flute, 1996
 Sandu, piano, 1996
 Schöntok, piano, 1996
 Capriccio, violin, 1997
 Voeu, piano, 1997

References

1926 births
1998 deaths
Romanian classical composers
Romanian opera composers
Jewish classical composers
Jewish opera composers
Jewish musicologists
Romanian Jews
Music theorists
20th-century classical composers
Male classical composers
Male opera composers
Herder Prize recipients
20th-century musicologists
20th-century male


texts:
<mask> (born 16 December 1935) is a German music historian. He has been professor of European music history at the University of Hamburg. Life
Born in Leipzig, <mask> first studied music at the Academy of Music in Leipzig. In 1956 he escaped from East Germany to Freiburg im Breisgau in West Germany. After 1958 he studied musicology, German literature and philosophy at the Universities of Freiburg and Basel. In 1966 he obtained his doctorate in Basel under Arnold Schmitz with a dissertation on "The Organ Tablature of Clemens Hör". In the following years, sponsored by the Swiss National Science Foundation, he spent time researching and compiling sources for a complete edition of the works of Arcangelo Corelli.In 1966–1967 he was a lecturer at the University of Zurich, and from 1968 to 1972 he was assistant to Günther Massenkeil in Bonn. In the summer of 1972 he received his habilitation in musicology: in 1973 he became professor of European music history at the University of Hamburg where he remained until his retirement in 2001. <mask>'s main areas of research have been on Renaissance instrumental music and Baroque music, in particular the works of George Frideric Handel to which he has many contributions. He is co-editor of the work editions of Corelli, Hasse and Handel, editor of the Göttinger Händel-Beiträge, which he founded in 1984, and of the six-volume Händel-Handbook (2008-2012). He is

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 also co-editor of various musicological series (among others Abhandlungen zur Musikgeschichte, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, Beiträge zur Geschichte der Kirchenmusik, Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn) and the Hamburger Mendelssohn-Vorträge, Verlag Christians, Hamburg. <mask> is a corresponding member of the Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, full emeritus member of the Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Hamburg and Member of the Institute of Advanced Musical Studies of King's College London. Between 2004 and 2014 he was chairman of the board of the Göttingen International Handel Festival Foundation.Since 2001 he has been an honorary member of the Göttingen Händel-Gesellschaft. Further reading
 Festschrift zum 65. Geburtstag: Critica musica. Studien zum 17. und 18. Jahrhundert, ed. by Nicole Ristow, Wolfgang Sandberger and Dorothea Schröder, Stuttgart/Weimar: Verlag J. B. Metzler, 2001.The publication, honouring <mask>'s 65th birthday, also lists all of his scientific publications prior to 2001. Publications since 2001

Monographs
 Händel und seine Zeitgenossen. Eine biographische Enzyklopädie, 2 parts volume (Das Händel-Handbuch vol. 1), Laaber 2008
 Händel und die geistliche Musik des Barockzeitalters. Eine Aufsatzsammlung, Laaber 2013
 Die G. F. Händel zugeschriebenen Kompositionen, 1700-1800 / The compositions attributed to G. F. Handel, 1700-1800. (HWV Anh. B), with

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 Steffen Voss, Hildesheim/Zürich/New York 2016

Articles
 A newly discovered Gloria by Handel, in Early music 29 (2001), 342–352 (auf Deutsch in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 9 (2002), 37–53, auf Japanisch in Ongakugaku.Journal of the Musicological Society of Japan 47 (2001), 127–139)
 Bemerkungen zu szenischen Aufführungen barocker Oratorien und Serenaten, in Basler Jahrbuch für Historische Musikpraxis 23 (2001), 133–150
 Die Händel zugeschriebenen Kompositionen in den thematischen Katalogen von Breitkopf (1762-1768), mit Steffen Voss, in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 9 (2002), 149–160
 Das Händelbild Chrysanders, in the Händel-Jahrbuch 48 (2002), 35–44
 Unbekannte Basler Tabulaturfragmente aus dem frühen 16. Jahrhundert, in U. Konrad, J. Heidrich, H. J<mask> (ed. ), Musikalische Quellen – Quellen der Musik. Festschrift für Martin Staehelin zum 65. Geburtstag, Göttingen 2002, 37–50
 Geschichte einer ungewöhnlichen Komposition: Georg Friedrich Händels Masque Acis and Galatea, in: H. Krellmann (ed. )., Der moderne Komponist baut auf der Wahrheit. Opern des Barock von Monteverdi bis Mozart, Stuttgart/Weimar 2003, 87–95
 Unbekannte Lantaten von Händel, A. Scarlatti, Fago und Grillo in einer neapolitanischen Handschrift von 1710, mit Steffen Voss, in B. M. Antonlini et al.(ed. ), Et facciam dolci canti. Studi in onore di Agostino Ziino in occassione del suo 65° compleanno, Lucca 2003, 797–806
 Felix


texts:
 Mendelssohn Bartholdy und England, in: H. J<mask> (ed. ), Hamburger Mendelssohn-Vorträge, Hamburg 2003, 81–98
 Eine neue Quelle zu Händels Oper 'Rodrigo' , mit Steffen Voss, in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 10 (2004), 67–80
 Bericht über das Gesprächskonzert: Finderglück. eine neue Kantate von J. S. Bach? von G. F. Händel? - Meine Seele soll Gott loben (BWV 223), in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 10 (2004), 179–204
 Festinszenierungen römischer Oratorien und Serenaten im Barockzeitalter, in Analecta musicologica 33 (2004), 335–372
 Die Händel zugeschriebenen Kompositionen I (Arien und Lieder HWV Anh.B 001-032). With Steffen Voss, in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 11 (2006), 95–124. Händels Lehrjahre an der Gänsemarkt-Oper in Hamburg unter Reinhard Keiser (1703-1705), in Veröffentlichungen der Internationalen Händel-Akademie Karlsruhe 8 (2006), 343–359 (auf Englisch in R. G. King (ed. ), Handel Studies. A Gedenkschrift for Howard Serwer [Festschrift Series 22], Hillsdale, NY, 2009, 25–45)
 Zur Überlieferung der Te Deum-Kompositionen von Johann Adolf Hasse, in R. Wiesend (ed. ), Johann Adolf Hasse in seiner Zeit. Stuttgart 2006, 251–259
 Johannes Brahms im Briefwechsel mit Friedrich Chrysander, in W. Sandberger et al.(ed. ), Musik und Musikforschung. Johannes Brahms im Dialog mit der Geschichte, Kassel 2007, 221–274
 Zur Einführung in das Symposium 'Händel in der Wiener Klassik' , in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge


texts:
 12 (2008), 51–55
 Die Händel zugeschriebenen Komposition II (Duette und Solo-Kantaten HWV Anh. B 101-134), mit Steffen Voss, in: Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 12 (2008), 123–162
 Händel als Briefschreiber, in Die Musikforschung 62 (2009), 111–127
 Annäherung an Händel, in Die Tonkunst 3 (2009), 329–338
 Händels Religiosität im Kontext der europäischen Konfessionen, in Händel-Jahrbuch 56 (2010), 79–99
 Die Händel zugeschriebenen Kompositionen III (Oratorische Werke und Kirchenmusik, HWV Anh. B 201-219), in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 13 (2010), 165–192
 Händels lateinische Motette ‚Silete venti‘ (HWV 242)- ein Auftragswerk für Paris?, in: A. Beer et al. (ed.), Festschrift Hellmut Federhofer zum 100. Geburtstag, Tutzing 2011, 267–280
 Concerti a due cori (HWV 332-335), in S. Rampe (ed. ), Händels Instrumentalmusik (Das Händel-Handbuch 5), Laaber 2011, 486–496
 Die Händel zugeschriebenen Kompositionen IV (Orchesterwerke HWV Anh. B 301-368),wth Steffen Voss, in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 14 (2012), 167–213
 ‚Ein begeisterter Kreis von Künstlern und Kunstfreunden‘ - Achtzig Jahre Göttinger Händel-Gesellschaft, in Programmbuch der Göttinger Händel-Festspiele 2013
 Die Musik am Hof von Georg III. (1761-1820), in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 15 (2014), 119–143
 A love of music distraction…. Musik im Leben der englischen Königin Charlotte (1744-1818), in Archiv für Musikwissenschaft 71 (2014), 1–20
 … ein


texts:
 jüngerer Gelehrter von Rang. Leo Schrades frühe Jahre bis zur Emigration in die USA (1938), in Die Musikforschung 67 (2014), 251–269
 Zum Gedenken an Günther Massenkeil (1926-2014), in Die Musikforschung 68 (2015), 122
 Altes im neuen Werk.Leo Schrades Diskurs mit Paul Hindemith, in Archiv für Musikwissenschaft 72 (2015), 146–157
 Zur Echtheit des Händel-Porträts von Christoph Platzer (um 1710), in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 17 (2016), 97–109

Editions
 Händel. Gloria HWV deest. Urtext der Hallischen Händel-ausgabe (Vorabdruck), Kassel 2001
 New Mattheson studies mit George Buelow, Cambridge University Press, 2. Aufl. 2006
 An International Handel Bibliography / Internationale Händel-Bibliographie (1959-2009), Göttingen 2009
 Georg Friedrich Händel. Dixit Doiminus (Psalm 109) HWV 232. Neuausgabe (Hallische Händel-Ausgabe III,1), Kassel 2012
 Bibliographie der Internationalen Händel-Literatur in Göttinger Händel-Beiträge 9 (2002)ff.Lexikon articles
Several articles in:
 Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart. General Encyclopedia of Music, founded by Friedrich Blume. Second, revised edition edited by Ludwig Finscher, Kassel, personalities part vol. 6, 2001 [Matteo Fornari], vol. 8, 2002 [Georg Friedrich Händel] and vol. 14, 2005 Arnold Schmitz
 Das Händel-Lexikon, edited by <mask> <mask> in cooperation with Manuel Gervink and Steffen Voss (Das Händel-Handbuch 6), Laaber 2011 [several articles

masks:
Hans Joachim
Marx


texts:
 on Handel researchers, patrons, members of the English royal family, Handel places and singers, correspondence, family and relatives, Halleluja (Alleluja), Handel's personality and travels]

References

External links

German musicologists
20th-century musicologists
University of Hamburg faculty
German music historians
1935 births
Living people
Writers from


texts:
<mask> (born 25 April 1945) is a Mexican biologist, researcher and politician. She has received the UNESCO/Institut Pasteur Medal (1997), the L'Oréal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science (2006) served as rector of the Autonomous University of Mexico City (UACM) and has run for governor of Chihuahua representing the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). <mask> received a bachelor's degree in Chemistry from the Autonomous University of Chihuahua and both a master's degree and a doctorate's degree in cell biology from the Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav). She has worked at the Institute of Experimental Pathology of the same institution, co-founded of the Center for Scientific Research and Applied Technology and, from December 2006 to April 2010, served as director of the Institute for Science and Technology of Mexico City. As a visiting scholar, she has lectured at Harvard University and the Weizmann Institute of Science. Politically she is affiliated with the leftist Party of the Democratic Revolution, for which she ran unsuccessfully for governor of Chihuahua in 1998. She is also a prominent pro-choice activist in the Mexican capital.Biography

Studies
<mask> is a Normalist and Chemistry Teacher graduated from the Autonomous University of Chihuahua. She has a PhD in Cell Biology from the National Polytechnic Institute and her main works have focused on the biology of amoebae. Currently, the existence of her bachelor's, master's and doctorate degrees is being investigated. Research lines

 Molecular biology of the

masks:
María Esther Orozco Orozco
Orozco
Esther Oroco


texts:
 virulence factors of Entamoeba histolytica
 Biology and molecular genetics of multidrug resistance in E. histolytica
 Organization of the amebic genome

Member of the Institute of Experimental Pathology of the Center for Research and Advanced Studies and founder of the Center for Research in Applied Science and Technology, both of the National Polytechnic Institute , where she is a researcher and professor. She is the founder of the Genomic Sciences Program of the Autonomous University of Mexico City, and was a member of the Advisory Council of this same institution. Political and administrative positions

In the 1998 elections, she was a candidate for Governor of Chihuahua for the Party of the Democratic Revolution. On December 4, 2006, she was appointed director of the recently created Institute of Science and Technology of the Federal District by the head of government Marcelo Ebrard.Orozco served as rector of the Autonomous University of Mexico City (UACM) from 21 April 2010 to 13 March 2013, when she was ousted by 25 dissenting members of the administrative board; a group that consisted of nine students representatives, fifteen academics and a member of the staff. According to the Associated Press, during her rectorate she had tried to reduce the inefficiencies and low graduation rate of the university, as only a few dozen of its nearly 15,000 students had actually graduated since the institution was founded eleven years before, 52% had a grade average lower than 2.5 out of a 10-point scale and academics routinely prevented external evaluation. However, her proposals


texts:
 were resisted by members of the staff and student community, who claimed that a previous election for the university's administrative board was rigged and accused her of corruption and financial mismanagement. After months of protests, and despite her ratification by 28 members of the board, dissenting members appointed Marxist philosopher Enrique Dussel as substitute; a measure supported days later by the Executive, the Legislative Assembly and Human Rights Commission of Mexico City through a jointly signed letter. March of the Torches against the rector <mask>zco
The 20 of February 2013 the third University Council of the Autonomous University of Mexico City, the highest governing body of the institution decided to remove it from the post of rector for contempt of maximum internal authority of the UACM, besides having against lawsuits for usurpation of functions. Selected publications

 Debnath, A., Parsonage, D., Andrade, R. M., He, C., Cobo, E. R., Hirata, K., Chen, S., García-Rivera, G., Orozco, E., Martínez, M. B., Gunatilleke, S. S., Barrios, A. M., Arkin, M. R., Poole, L. B., McKerrow, J. H., & Reed, S. L. (2012). A high-throughput drug screen for Entamoeba histolytica identifies a new lead and target.Nature medicine, 18(6), 956–960. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2758
 <mask>, E., Guarneros, G., Martinez-Palomo, A., Sanchez, T. (1983). Entamoeba histolytica. Phagocytosis as a virulence factor. J Exp Med, 158(5), 1511-1521. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.158.5.1511
 Garcia‐Rivera, G., Rodriguez, M. A., Ocadiz, R., Martinez‐Lopez, M. C., Arroyo, R., Gonzalez‐Robles, A.,

masks:
Esther Oro
Orozco


texts:
 <mask>, E. (1999). Entamoeba histolytica: a novel cysteine protease and an adhesin form the 112kDa surface protein. Molecular Microbiology, 33(3), 556-568. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01500.x
 Keene, W. E., Hidalgo, M. E., <mask>, E., McKerrow, J. H. (1990).Entamoeba histolytica: Correlation of the cytopathic effect of virulent trophozoites with secretion of a cysteine proteinase. Experimental Parasitology, 71(2), 199-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4894(90)90022-5
 Arroyo, R., Orozco, E. (1987). Localization and identification of an Entamoeba histolytica adhesin. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 23(2), 151-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-6851(87)90150-2

Awards

 Miguel Otero National Award from the Ministry of Health ( 1985 ). Louis Pasteur Medal from UNESCO and the Pasteur Institute . ( 1998 )
 "Woman of the Year 2004" award in the health area granted by the Master Card corporation and Glamor magazine . (2004)
 UNESCO and L'Oreal "Women in Science" Prize ( 2006 ).References

External links
Profile at the Cinvestav (in Spanish)

1945 births
Living people
L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science laureates
21st-century women scientists
Members of the Mexican Academy of Sciences
Autonomous University of Chihuahua alumni
Women biologists
Mexican women chemists
Mexican biochemists
Mexican abortion-rights activists
Party of the Democratic Revolution politicians
Instituto Politécnico Nacional faculty
Instituto Politécnico Nacional alumni
People from Chihuahua (state)
Mexican women scientists
Cell biologists
21st-century Mexican scientists
20th-century

masks: Orozco Orozco


texts:
<mask> (, December 1447 – 26 May 1512, Turkish: <mask>. <mask>) was the eldest son and successor of <mask>, ruling as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512. During his reign, <mask> II consolidated the Ottoman Empire and thwarted a Safavid rebellion soon before abdicating his throne to his son, Selim I. He evacuated Sephardi Jews from Spain after the proclamation of the Alhambra Decree, and resettled them throughout Ottoman lands, especially in Salonica. Early life
<mask> II was the son of <mask> (1432–1481) and Gülbahar Hatun. There are sources that claim that <mask> was the son of Mükrime Hatun. This would make Ayşe Hatun a first cousin of <mask> II.However, the marriage of Mükrime Hatun took place two years after <mask> was born and the whole arrangement was not to Mehmed's liking. Gülbahar Hatun is generally accepted as the real mother of <mask> II. Born in Demotika, <mask> II was educated in Amasya and later served there as a bey for 27 years. In 1473, he fought in the Battle of Otlukbeli against the Aq Qoyunlu. <mask> II married Gülbahar Hatun, who was the mother of <mask> II's successor, Selim I and nephew of Sittişah Hatun. Fight for the throne

<mask> II's overriding concern was the quarrel with his brother Cem Sultan, who claimed the throne and sought military backing from the Mamluks in Egypt. Having been defeated by his brother's armies, Cem sought protection from the Knights of St. John in Rhodes.Eventually, the Knights handed Cem over to Pope <mask> (1484–1492). The Pope thought of using Cem as a tool to drive the Turks out of Europe, but as the papal crusade failed to come to fruition, Cem died in Naples. Reign
<mask> II ascended the Ottoman throne in 1481. Like his father, <mask> II

masks:
Bayezid II
II
Bayezid
Mehmed II
Bayezid
Bayezid
Mehmed II
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Innocent VIII
Bayezid
Bayezid


texts:
 was a patron of western and eastern culture. Unlike many other sultans, he worked hard to ensure a smooth running of domestic politics, which earned him the epithet of "the Just". Throughout his reign, <mask> II engaged in numerous campaigns to conquer the Venetian possessions in Morea, accurately defining this region as the key to future Ottoman naval power in the Eastern Mediterranean. The last of these wars ended in 1501 with <mask> II in control of the whole Peloponnese.Rebellions in the east, such as that of the Qizilbash, plagued much of <mask> II's reign and were often backed by the shah of Persia, Ismail I, who was eager to promote Shi'ism to undermine the authority of the Ottoman state. Ottoman authority in Anatolia was indeed seriously threatened during this period and at one point <mask> II's vizier, Hadım Ali Pasha, was killed in battle against the Şahkulu rebellion. Jewish and Muslim immigration

In July 1492, the new state of Spain expelled its Jewish and Muslim populations as part of the Spanish Inquisition. <mask> II sent out the Ottoman Navy under the command of admiral Kemal Reis to Spain in 1492 in order to evacuate them safely to Ottoman lands. He sent out proclamations throughout the empire that the refugees were to be welcomed. He granted the refugees the permission to settle in the Ottoman Empire and become Ottoman citizens. He ridiculed the conduct of <mask> of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile in expelling a class of people so useful to their subjects."You venture to call Ferdinand a wise ruler," he said to his courtiers, "he who has impoverished his own country and enriched mine!" <mask> addressed a firman to all the governors of his European provinces, ordering them not only to

masks:
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Ferdinand II
Bayezid


texts:
 refrain from repelling the Spanish refugees, but to give them a friendly and welcome reception. He threatened with death all those who treated the Jews harshly or refused them admission into the empire. Moses Capsali, who probably helped to arouse the sultan's friendship for the Jews, was most energetic in his assistance to the exiles. He made a tour of the communities and was instrumental in imposing a tax upon the rich, to ransom the Jewish victims of the persecution. The Muslims and Jews of al-Andalus contributed much to the rising power of the Ottoman Empire by introducing new ideas, methods and craftsmanship. The first printing press in Constantinople (now Istanbul) was established by the Sephardic Jews in 1493.It is reported that under <mask>'s reign, Jews enjoyed a period of cultural flourishing, with the presence of such scholars as the Talmudist and scientist Mordecai Comtino; astronomer and poet Solomon ben Elijah Sharbiṭ ha-Zahab; Shabbethai ben Malkiel Cohen, and the liturgical poet Menahem Tamar. Succession

During <mask> II's final years, on 14 September 1509, Constantinople was devastated by an earthquake, and a succession battle developed between his sons Selim and Ahmet. Ahmet unexpectedly captured Karaman, and began marching to Constantinople to exploit his triumph. Fearing for his safety, Selim staged a revolt in Thrace but was defeated by Bayezid and forced to flee back to the Crimean peninsula. <mask> II developed fears that Ahmet might in turn kill him to gain the throne, so he refused to allow his son to enter Constantinople. When Selim returned from Crimea and, with support from the Janissaries, he forced his father to abdicate the throne on 25 April 1512. <mask> departed for

masks: Bayezid Bayezid Bayezid Bayezid


texts:
 retirement in his native Dimetoka, but he died on 26 May 1512 at Havsa, before reaching his destination and only a month after his abdication.He was buried next to the Bayezid Mosque in Istanbul. Legacy

Bayezid was praised in a ghazal of Abdürrezzak Bahşı, a scribe who came to Constantinople from Samarkand in the second half of the 15th century that worked at the courts of Mehmed <mask> and <mask> II, and wrote in Chagatai with the Old Uyghur alphabet:

<mask> II ordered al-ʿAtufi, the librarian of Topkapı Palace, to prepare a register. The library's diverse holdings reflect a cosmopolitanism that was encyclopaedic in scope. <mask> <mask> and his struggle with his son Selim is a prominent subplot in the video game Assassin's Creed: Revelations. In the game, due to <mask>'s absence from Constantinople, the Byzantines had the opportunity to sneak back into the city, hoping to revive their fallen empire. Near the end of the game, <mask> surrendered the throne to his son Selim. However, <mask> does not make an actual appearance.<mask> II, prior to becoming Sultan, is depicted by Akin Gazi in the Starz series Da Vinci's Demons. He seeks an audience with Pope Sixtus IV (having been manipulated into believing that peace between Rome and Constantinople is a possibility), only to be ridiculed and humiliated by Sixtus, actions which later serve as a pretext for the Ottoman invasion of Otranto. Sixtus assumes that <mask> has been overlooked in favor of his brother Cem. References
Notes

Bibliography

External links

1447 births
1512 deaths
15th-century caliphs
15th-century Ottoman sultans
16th-century Ottoman sultans
Burials in Turkey
Monarchs who abdicated
Ottoman dynasty
People from Didymoteicho
Leaders ousted

masks:
II
Bayezid
Bayezid
Sultan Bayezid
II
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid
Bayezid


texts:
<mask> (January 1939 – November 13, 2003) was a Pulitzer prize-nominated journalist and a pioneer in African-American journalism, opening the doors for many African-American writers. In 1992, <mask> authored Black American Women in Olympic Track and Field and co-authored a Thurgood Marshall biography. Early life
Born in Washington, D.C., the son of John P<mask> and <mask>, Mike D<mask> grew up in the bosom of the dignified black middle class of Washington D.C. and New York City. His father, John P<mask> was a graduate of Harvard Law School and his mother was a graduate of Syracuse University. John P<mask> became prominent for his work with the Joint Committee on National Recovery and the founding of the National Negro Congress in 1935. He went on to found Our World magazine in 1946, a full-size, nationally-distributed magazine edited for African-American readers. He also published the American Negro Reference book, covering virtually every aspect of African-American life, present and past.<mask> was the grandson of Dr. William Henry <mask> and the Reverend Abraham Lincoln <mask>

In 1943, the first lawsuit challenging segregated schools in Washington, D.C., was brought in <mask><mask>'s name by his father, John P<mask>. The Washington Star was highly critical of an African-American lawyer legally challenging the District's Dual school system when the principal of Noyes School refused to admit <mask> at five years of age, stating that the District citizens had long accepted separate schools for blacks and whites and that the suit brought by John P<mask> would cause even deeper divisions in the nation's capital. The U.S. Congress, in response to John P<mask>'s suit, appropriated federal funds to construct the Lucy D. Slowe elementary school directly across the street from his Brookland home in the neighborhood of

masks:
Michael DeMond Davis
Davis
. Davis
Marguerite DeMond Davis
. Davis
. Davis
. Davis
Mike Davis
Davis
DeMond
Michael D
. Davis
. Davis
Mike Davis
. Davis
. Davis


texts:
 Washington, D.C. <mask> attended the Fieldston school in New York, New York. As a student at Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia, and a member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), he worked closely with  Martin Luther King Jr., and was a leader of the student sit-in movement. He was arrested many times in Atlanta's bus stations and department stores. Journalism
Ralph McGill, publisher of the Atlanta Constitution, hired <mask> as the paper's first African-American reporter. McGill became his mentor and friend.<mask> went on to Vietnam as the Afro-American Newspapers war correspondent. During his 18 months in Vietnam, he reported on combat activities of black service people in the Afro's 13-state circulation area. When he returned home, he joined the Baltimore Sun. He was a staff member of the San Diego Union, where he covered Governor Jerry Brown, the now-defunct Washington Star, an editor of NBC television news in Washington, D.C., and a reporter for the Washington Times. His work has been nominated for a Pulitzer Prize, and he received several Front Page Awards from the American Newspaper Guild. The NAACP gave him an award for his coverage of Vietnam. Vietnam Foreign News Correspondent
From July to November 1967, <mask> published over 100 articles as the Vietnam War correspondent for the Baltimore Afro-American in the column called the "Vietnam Notebook".Selected articles

 "On the Battlefields of Vietnam, 'They couldn't care less what color you are," Baltimore Afro-American, July 22, 1967. "Major Brown Says: 'Your decisions have to be right," Baltimore Afro-American, August 5, 1967. "Wounded Veterans Describe Horror of Vietnam," Baltimore Afro-American, July 1, 1967. "In the Face of Death, They Laugh: Mud erases color in jungle Viet 'front,'" Baltimore Afro-American, October 7, 1967

masks: Davis Davis Davis Davis


texts:
 "Young talks of rights and peace," Baltimore Afro-American, September 16, 1967. "Wait until these GIs come home," Baltimore Afro-American, August 12, 1967. "The Other War," Baltimore Afro-American, November 5, 1967. "3 Dead, 50 Shot on S.C. Campus," Baltimore Afro-American, February 10, 1967."Memo From Vietnam: 'I'm a lot safer over here than in the states,'" Baltimore Afro-American, August 5, 1967. "Few Colored Officers in Command", Baltimore Afro-American, June 3, 1967. "<mask> to Tell AFRO Readers of the Role of Our Men in Vietnam", Baltimore Afro-American, June 24, 1967. "Your Decisions Have to Be Right," Baltimore Afro-American, August 4, 1967. "Vietnam Notebook", Baltimore Afro-American, August 5, 1967. "He Works With People in Vietnam", Baltimore Afro-American, September 9, 1967. "20 Minutes to Save three Lives", Baltimore Afro-American, October 14, 1967."We Walked into an Ambush," Baltimore Afro-American, August 12, 1967. "GIs shocked by U.S. Riots," Baltimore Afro-American, August 12, 1967. "Mud Erases Color in Jungle of Viet Front," Baltimore Afro-American, October 7, 1967. "Togetherness is Key as men of the 173rd Fight to Stay Alive," Baltimore Afro-American, November 11, 1967. "Wait Till These GIs Come Home," Baltimore Afro-American, August 12, 1967
 " <mask> tells forum Viet GIs expect rights," Baltimore Afro-American, February 3, 1968. References
Contemporary newspapers and journals:
 Baltimore Afro-American, 1966–69
 Ebony, 1967
 Jet, 1965

Books
 Carson, Clayborne, David J. Garrow, Gerlad Gill, Vincent Harding, and Darlene Clark Hine, eds, The Eyes on the Prize Civil Rights Reader: Documents, Speeches, and * Firsthand Accounts from the Black Freedom Struggle, New York: Penguin Books, 1991.<mask>, <mask>. Black American Women in Olympic Track and Field, McFarland, 1992. <mask> D., and Hunter R.

masks:
Davis
Mike Davis
Davis
Michael D
Davis Michael


texts:
 Clark. Thurgood Marshall: Warrior at the Bar, Rebel on the Bench. New York: Birch Lane Press, 1992. Farrar, Hayward. The Baltimore Afro-American: 1892-1950. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1998.Graham, Herman III. The Brother's Vietnam War: Black Power, Manhood, and the Military Experience. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003. Hall, Simon. Peace and Freedom: The Civil Rights and Antiwar Movements in the 1960s. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005. Jeffries, Hasan Kwame.Bloody Lowndes: Civil Rights and Black Power in Alabama's Black Belt. New York: New York University Press, 2009. Raines, Howell. My Soul is Rested: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement in the Deep South. New York: Penguin Books, 1983. Sugrue, Thomas J. Sweet Land of Liberty: The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North.New York: Random House, 2008. Terry, Wallace. Bloods: An Oral History of the Vietnam War by Black Veterans. Random House: New York, 1984. Washington, James Melvin, ed. A Testament of Hope: The Essential Writings of Martin Luther King, Jr. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1986. Westheider, James.Fighting on Two Fronts: African Americans and the Vietnam War. New York: New York University Press, 1997. Wyatt, Clarence. Paper Soldiers: The American Press and the Vietnam War. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1993. Broussard, Jinx. African American Foreign Correspondents: A History (Media and Public Affairs).Louisiana State University Press, June 2013. External links
 https://web.archive.org/web/20070914150814/http://www.johnpdaviscollection.org/

 John P. Davis Collection
 The Root. 1939 births
African-American writers
Morehouse College alumni
American male journalists
20th-century American journalists
American war correspondents
2003 deaths
20th-century African-American people
21st-century African-American


texts:
<mask> (born January 28, 1968) is a Canadian singer-songwriter. As of 2015, she had sold over 40 million albums worldwide. McLachlan's best-selling album to date is Surfacing, for which she won two Grammy Awards (out of four nominations) and four Juno Awards. In addition to her personal artistic efforts, she founded the Lilith Fair tour, which showcased women musicians. Early and personal life
McLachlan was born on January 28, 1968, in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. She was placed with the McLachlan family, which later legally adopted her. As a child, she was a member of Girl Guides of Canada, participating in Guiding programs.She played music from a very young age, beginning with the ukulele when she was four. She studied classical guitar, classical piano, and voice at the Maritime Conservatory of Music through the curriculum of The Royal Conservatory of Music. At 17, while she was still a student at Queen Elizabeth High School, in Halifax, she fronted a short-lived rock band called The October Game. One of the band's songs, "Grind", credited as a group composition, can be found on the independent Flamingo Records release Out of the Fog and the CD Out of the Fog Too. It has yet to be released elsewhere. Following The October Game's first concert at Dalhousie University opening for Moev, McLachlan was offered a recording contract with Vancouver-based independent record label Nettwerk by Moev's Mark Jowett. McLachlan's parents insisted that she finish high school and complete one year of studies at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design before moving to Vancouver and embarking on a new life as a recording artist.She finally signed to Nettwerk two years later before having written a single song. When she was 19, a mutual acquaintance introduced her to her birth mother. McLachlan did not seek her out and was ambivalent about meeting her. In 1994, McLachlan was sued by Uwe Vandrei, an


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 obsessed fan from Ottawa, who alleged that his letters to her had been the basis of the single "Possession". The lawsuit was also challenging for the Canadian legal system since Vandrei was an admitted stalker whose acknowledged goal in filing the lawsuit was to be near McLachlan. Consequently, precautions were taken to ensure McLachlan's safety if she had to be in the same location as Vandrei. Before the trial began, however, Vandrei was found dead in an apparent suicide.Vandrei's preoccupation with McLachlan was explored at length in Canadian author Judith Fitzgerald's book, Building a Mystery: The Story of <mask> & Lilith Fair. In 1997, McLachlan married her drummer, Ashwin Sood, in Jamaica. While she was pregnant with her first child, her mother died from cancer in December 2001. While working on her next album, Afterglow, she gave birth to a daughter in Vancouver on April 6, 2002. On June 22, 2007, she gave birth to her second daughter, also in Vancouver. McLachlan announced her separation from Sood in September 2008 and they divorced the same year. Career and albums

1987–92: Touch and Solace
The signing with Nettwerk prompted McLachlan to move to Vancouver, British Columbia.There she recorded her first album, Touch, in 1987, which received both critical and commercial success and included the song "Vox". During this period she also contributed to an album by Moev, provided vocals on Manufacture's "As the End Draws Near", and embarked on her first national concert tour as an opening act for The Grapes of Wrath. Her 1991 album, Solace, was her mainstream breakthrough in Canada, spawning the hit singles "The Path of Thorns (Terms)" and "Into the Fire". Solace also marked the beginning of her partnership with Pierre Marchand. Marchand and <mask> have been collaborators ever since, with Marchand producing many of McLachlan's albums and occasionally co-writing songs. 1993–2000:

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Sarah McLachlan
McLachlan


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 Fumbling Towards Ecstasy, Surfacing, and Mirrorball

1993's Fumbling Towards Ecstasy was an immediate hit in Canada. From her Nettwerk connection, her piano version of the song "Possession" was included on the first Due South soundtrack in 1996.Over the next two years, Fumbling Towards Ecstasy became McLachlan's international breakthrough as well, scaling the charts in a number of countries. Following the success from Fumbling Towards Ecstasy, McLachlan returned in 1997 with Surfacing, her best-selling and best-known album to date. The album earned her two 1998 Grammy Awards, one for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance (for "Building a Mystery") and one for Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance (for "Last Dance"), and four Juno Awards, including Album of the Year for Surfacing and Song of the Year and Songwriter of the Year for "Building a Mystery". Reaching number one on the Canadian Albums Chart and number two on the US Billboard 200, the album has since sold over 16 million copies worldwide and brought her much international success. Still in the spotlight from the album, McLachlan launched the highly popular Lilith Fair tour. Her song "Angel"—inspired by the fatal overdose of Smashing Pumpkins touring keyboardist Jonathan Melvoin—made sales skyrocket. One of the songs from Surfacing, "Full of Grace," features in the Season 2 finale of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, "Becoming (Part II)".Fellow adoptee Darryl McDaniels was so touched by "Angel" that it inspired him to reassess his life and career. He credits McLachlan and her album, Surfacing, (on which "Angel" appeared) with saving his life. They collaborated on many projects in support of Adoptee Rights. In 1999, McLachlan released a live album, Mirrorball. The album's singles included a new live version of her earlier song, "I Will Remember You", a studio recording of which had previously been released on The Brothers


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 McMullen soundtrack as well as Rarities, B-Sides and Other Stuff. The song was released as a single twice, once in 1995 where it peaked No. 65 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and No.10 in Canada, and again in 1999 at No. 14 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and No. 10 in Canada. The 1999 version garnered McLachlan her third Grammy Awards for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance (for "I Will Remember You") in 2000. In 1998, the motion picture City of Angels featured "Angel". The soundtrack reached number one on the Billboard chart. More than five months after the film disappeared from the theatres, the soundtrack remained firmly entrenched among Billboards top 40 albums and earned quadruple-platinum status.In 1999, McLachlan recorded the Randy Newman song "When She Loved Me" on the Toy Story 2 soundtrack. This song was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 2000, and McLachlan performed it at the awards ceremony, but the award went to "You'll Be in My Heart" from Tarzan, written and recorded by Phil Collins. 2003–05: Afterglow
McLachlan returned to public life and touring with her 2003 album release, Afterglow, which contained the singles "Fallen", "Stupid", and "World On Fire". Rather than shoot a conventional music video for "World On Fire", McLachlan donated all but $15 of the $150,000 budget to various charitable causes around the world and then used the video to explain how it benefited the communities that received the money. Like Surfacing, the album reached number one in Canada and number two in the United States. Another live album, Afterglow Live, was released in late 2004. The CD consisted of several tracks from a full-length concert, which was included in its entirety on a DVD, as well as the three music videos from Afterglow.In 2004, Darryl "D.M.C." McDaniels, who credits McLachlan and her music for lifting him from a period of depression, as he described publicly


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 on NPR Moth Radio Hour "Angel" dated September 9, 2014, invited her to join him on a track from his solo album. Although the album was not released until early 2006, remixes of the song "Just Like Me" were included on a number of compilations in 2005. 2006: Wintersong
In October 2006, McLachlan released a Christmas album, Wintersong. The album included 11 new recordings, featuring covers of Joni Mitchell's "River", Gordon Lightfoot's "Song for a Winter's Night", and John Lennon's "Happy Xmas (War Is Over)", which she recorded with her outreach children and youth choir, and seasonal favourites: "Christmas Time Is Here", "O Little Town of Bethlehem", "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas", "Silent Night", "The First Noel", and "Greensleeves (What Child Is This? )", among others. The title track is an original work of McLachlan's.Wintersong debuted at No. 42 on the Billboard 200 album chart the week ending November 4, 2006. It peaked at No. 7. Worldwide the album has sold over 1.1 million copies to date. It has been certified Platinum in the U.S. and 2x Platinum in Canada, where it became her third consecutive album to reach number one. Wintersong was nominated for both a Grammy Award, in the Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album category, as well as for a Juno Award, for Pop Album of the Year.On October 3, 2006, the live album Mirrorball was re-released as Mirrorball: The Complete Concert. This release contains two discs that were compiled from two concerts performed on consecutive nights in April 1998 at the Rose Garden arena in Portland, Oregon. 2008–2010: Rarities Vol 2, greatest-hits compilation and Laws of Illusion
On April 29, 2008, Rarities, B-Sides and Other Stuff Volume 2 was released. The track list includes <mask>'s recent covers of Joni Mitchell's "River" and Dave Stewart's "Ordinary Miracle", as well as collaborations throughout her career with the Perishers, Cyndi Lauper


texts: and Bryan Adams, among others. On August 5, 2008, the 15th anniversary three-disc edition of Fumbling Towards Ecstasy was released. The set includes the original re-mastered album, The Freedom Sessions and a DVD that includes live performances, music videos and more. The album was released by Legacy Recordings.McLachlan released a greatest hits album, Closer: The Best of <mask>achlan, on October 7, 2008. On August 12, 2008, she released a new song from the album, "U Want Me 2", a mid-tempo contemplative love song, as a digital single in the iTunes Store; also accompanied with a video performance. McLachlan also admitted the song was inspired by the dissolution of her marriage, which she announced in September 2008, during initial promotion. "Don't Give Up on Us", the other new song on the album, was released as the second and final single on February 3, 2009. Both singles were subsequently included on her next album, Laws of Illusion. A single, "One Dream", was released on September 29, 2009 and was the official theme song of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. McLachlan's first studio album of original material in nearly seven years, Laws of Illusion, was released on June 15, 2010.New York Times music critic John Pareles says about Laws of Illusion – "It's a kindly, enveloping sound that Ms. McLachlan has long used to conjure passion and empathy laced with melancholy. But now it encompasses a new anguish, deeper and sharper than what she hinted at with Afterglow in 2003." It features 10 new songs in addition to the previously released tracks "U Want Me 2" and "Don't Give Up on Us", as well as various bonus tracks. Previews of the tracks and bonus materials were made available in the iTunes Store and on Amazon.com for listening and viewing on May 26, 2010. Lilith Fair kicked off in Calgary, AB on June 27, 2010. In anticipation of the album and the tour, McLachlan appeared on the


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 WNYC-produced radio show Soundcheck. During the wide-ranging interview, McLachlan discussed with host John Schaefer the last eleven years of her life and how she has changed, especially as a working mother of two.2014–2015: Shine On
In late January 2014, McLachlan announced the release of her next studio album, Shine On, which was inspired by the death of her father. It was her first release on Verve Records, after leaving Nettwerk/Arista after over twenty years. The album was released on May 6, 2014. In March 2014 McLachlan announced a schedule for a Shine On tour across the United States, which began in Seattle on June 20, 2014. The tour visited 30 cities all together. The Canadian leg of the tour was to include 25 shows in 21 cities. On May 14, 2014, it was announced that Shine On debuted at No.4 on the US Billboard charts, with 42,000 copies. In March 2015, McLachlan won a Juno for Adult Contemporary Album of the Year for Shine On. 2016–present: Wonderland

On October 21, 2016, McLachlan released Wonderland, her ninth studio album and second Christmas album. Wonderland contains interpretations of 13 traditional and contemporary holiday classics. McLachlan performed at the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade on November 24 as well as NBC's annual Christmas in Rockefeller Center special on November 30. She also performed on ABC's CMA Country Christmas Special on November 28, Live with Kelly! on December 8 and Harry TV on December 16.McLachlan released the single "The Long Goodbye" in December 2018. In January 2019, McLachlan was announced as the host of the Juno Awards of 2019. In a February 2019 interview, McLachlan stated that she was set to debut a new song titled "Wilderness" during her then-current tour. Lilith Fair

In 1996, McLachlan became frustrated with concert promoters and radio stations that refused to feature two female musicians in a row. Bucking conventional industry


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 wisdom, she booked a successful tour for herself and Paula Cole. At least one of their appearances together – in McLachlan's home town, on September 14, 1996 – went by the name "Lilith Fair" and included performances by McLachlan, Cole, Lisa Loeb and Michelle McAdorey, formerly of Crash Vegas. The next year, McLachlan founded the Lilith Fair tour, taking Lilith from the medieval Jewish legend that Lilith was Adam's first wife.In 1997, Lilith Fair, featuring <mask> as one of the headlining acts, garnered a $16 million gross, making it the top-grossing of any touring festival. Among all concert tours for that year, it was the 16th highest grossing. Lilith Fair tour brought together 2 million people over its three-year history and raised more than $7 million for charities. It was the most successful all-female music festival in history, one of the biggest music festivals of the 1990s, and helped launch the careers of several well-known female artists. Subsequent Lilith Fairs followed in 1998 and 1999 before the tour was discontinued. Nettwerk CEO and Lilith Fair co-founder Terry McBride announced that the all-female festival would make its return in mid-2010 in Canada, the United States, and Europe. A list of 36 North American shows was released.But poor ticket sales, financial problems, and headliners' withdrawing out of fear of not being paid caused 13 of the shows to be cancelled. The two-week European tour never materialized. Additional projects and guest appearances

In 1997, McLachlan co-wrote and provided guest vocals on the Delerium song "Silence" for their album Karma. This song achieved a massive amount of US top 40 airplay when released as a single in late 2000 and also featured on the soundtrack for the movie Brokedown Palace. In 2001, McLachlan provided background vocals, guitar, and piano on the closing track "Love Is" from Stevie Nicks' eighth solo album, Trouble in


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 Shangri-La, in addition to drawing the dragon used for the "S" in Stevie's name on the album cover. In May 2002, her duet with Bryan Adams was released on the Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron soundtrack. She sang harmonies and played the piano on the song "Don't Let Go" while Sood did the drum work.In November 2006, McLachlan performed the song "Ordinary Miracle" for that year's feature film, Charlotte's Web. There were rumors of a potential Oscar nomination for the song, but the song was not nominated. She performed the song on The Oprah Winfrey Show, during the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, and at the opening ceremony of the 2010 Winter Olympics. In early 2007, she sang on Dave Stewart's Go Green, alongside Nadirah X, Imogen Heap, Natalie Imbruglia, and others. In 2009, she did backing vocals on Susan Enan's song "Bring on the Wonder" which was featured in the television show Bones. It was subsequently featured on both Enan's (Plainsong) and McLachlan's (Laws of Illusion) albums. On September 10, 2011, McLachlan performed I Will Remember You and Angel at a ceremony in Stonycreek, Pennsylvania, commemorating the passengers and crew of hijacked United Airlines Flight 93 who fought the hijackers and brought down their airplane on September 11, 2001.The event marked the dedication of the Flight 93 National Memorial and was attended by former President George W. Bush, former First Lady Laura Bush, former President Bill Clinton, Vice President Joe Biden and Speaker John Boehner. On June 13, 2019, McLachlan sang "O Canada" before Game 6 of the 2019 NBA Finals. Awards and achievements

McLachlan has been nominated for 26 Juno Awards and has won nine. In 1992, her video for "Into the Fire" was selected as best music video. In 1998, she won Female Vocalist of the Year, Songwriter of the Year (along with Pierre Marchand), Single of the Year for "Building a Mystery", and Album of the Year


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 for Surfacing. In 2000, she won an International Achievement award and in 2004, won Pop Album of the Year for Afterglow and again shared the Songwriter of the Year award with Pierre Marchand for the singles "Fallen", "World on Fire", and "Stupid". McLachlan has also won three Grammy Awards.She was awarded Best Female Pop Vocal Performance in 1997 for "Building a Mystery" and again in 1999 for the live version of "I Will Remember You". She also scored Best Pop Instrumental Performance in 1997 for "Last Dance". McLachlan's song "Building a Mystery" came in at 91 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of the 90s. McLachlan was awarded the Elizabeth Cady Stanton Visionary Award in 1998 for advancing the careers of women in music. In 1999, she was appointed as an Officer of the Order of Canada by then-Governor General Adrienne Clarkson in recognition of her successful recording career, her role in Lilith Fair, and the charitable donations she made to women's shelters across Canada. In 2001, she was inducted to the Order of British Columbia. On June 15, 2011, she was recognized with an honorary degree from Simon Fraser University.Kiwanis International presented McLachlan with the 2013 Kiwanis International World Service Medal to recognize her for founding the Sarah McLachlan School of Music, a free music school for at-risk youth in Vancouver, British Columbia. On November 20, 2013, McLachlan was recognized with an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from the University of Alberta. In 2012, McLachlan was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame. In May 2015, she received a Governor General's Performing Arts Award for Lifetime Artistic Achievement, Canada's highest honour in the performing arts. On April 2, 2017, at the Juno Awards ceremony, McLachlan was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame. Philanthropy

<mask>lan School of Music
McLachlan also funds an outreach program in Vancouver that provides


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 music education for inner city children. In 2007, the provincial government announced $500,000 in funding for the outreach program.Originating at the "Sarah McLachlan Music Outreach", this program evolved into the Sarah McLachlan School of Music. This program provided children with high quality music instruction in guitar, piano, percussion and choir. In 2011 McLachlan opened the Sarah McLachlan School of Music in Vancouver, a free music school for at-risk youth. The School of Music provides group and private lessons to hundreds of young people every year. It is their goal that through music education, students will develop a love of the arts and have greater self-esteem. On May 25, 2016, the Sarah McLachlan School of Music expanded to Edmonton, Alberta, opening in Rundle Elementary School and Eastglen High School. The music school contains the same initiative as the Vancouver school.ASPCA
McLachlan supports the ASPCA by appearing in advertisements. She filmed a two-minute advertisement for the organization which featured her song "Angel". The advertisement's imagery of shelter animals mixed with the soundtrack and McLachlan's simple appeal for donations has raised $30 million for the ASPCA since it began to air in 2006, which allowed the organization to air appeals in higher profile prime-time cable ad slots; subsequently the organization produced a new ad for the 2008 holiday season featuring McLachlan appealing for the ASPCA over her Wintersong performance of "Silent Night", and a new ad with her was released in January 2009 featuring the song "Answer". In 2012, McLachlan wrote a letter on behalf of PETA to then-Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, protesting that country's annual seal hunt. During Super Bowl XLVIII on February 3, 2014, McLachlan parodied her ASPCA appeals in an Audi commercial featuring a "Doberhuahua" dog gnawing on the neck of her guitar. Other charitable


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 contributions

McLachlan contributed the track "Hold On" to the 1993 AIDS-benefit album No Alternative, produced by the Red Hot Organization. She also performed at the Leonard Peltier Defense Fund Benefit Concert on February 12, 1997, and went on to release a cover version of Unchained Melody created as part of her support for Peltier.It was later included on the album Rarities, B-Sides and Other Stuff Volume 2. In early 2005, McLachlan took part in a star-studded tsunami disaster relief telethon on NBC. On January 29 McLachlan was a headliner for a benefit concert in Vancouver along with other Canadian superstars such as Avril Lavigne and Bryan Adams. The show also featured a performance by the <mask> Musical Outreach Choir & Percussion Ensemble, a children's choir and percussion band from the aforementioned Vancouver outreach program. Entitled One World: The Concert for Tsunami Relief, the concert raised approximately $3.6 million for several Canadian aid agencies working in south and southeast Asia. On July 2, 2005, McLachlan participated in the Philadelphia installment of the Live 8 concerts, where she performed her hit "Angel" with Josh Groban. These concerts, which were held simultaneously in nine major cities around the world, were intended to coincide with the G8 summit to put pressure on the leaders of the world's richest nations to fight poverty in Africa by cancelling debt.In 2008, she donated a song to Aid Still Required's CD to assist with the restoration of the devastation done to Southeast Asia from the 2004 tsunami. On November 30, 2012, McLachlan lent her support to Kate Winslet's Golden Hat Foundation together with Tim Janis, Loreena McKennitt, Andrea Corr, Hayley Westenra, Sleepy Man Banjo Boys, Dawn Kenney, Jana Mashonee, Amy Petty and a choir etc performing on "The American Christmas Carol" concert in Carnegie Hall. McLachlan is a member of the Canadian charity


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<mask> (born 7 November 1990) is an Australian singer-songwriter. He achieved his commercial breakthrough with his fourth EP, Into the Flame (2011), which peaked at No. 3 on the ARIA Singles Chart, and by April 2012, was certified 6× Platinum by ARIA. His 2011 single "Brother" and his 2013 single "Resolution" both won ARIA Music Awards for Song of the Year. He is the 26th Australian male singer and the 100th Australian act to reach the number one position on the ARIA albums chart with his debut album Telluric (2016). Biography
<mask> was born on 7 November 1990 and raised in Oyster Bay, New South Wales. <mask> attended Inaburra School in Bangor, New South Wales where he grew up steeped in gospel; his passion for music fed first by renditions of 'His Eye is on the Sparrow' and later by a love for Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young.He attended Shirelive church with his family. <mask> was musical from a young age. Recognising his talent, <mask>'s school principal encouraged him to sing at a school assembly where he performed a song from Sister Act 2. A six year old <mask> asked his father for a guitar. <mask> received a $90 acoustic and started lessons a few weeks later. <mask>'s parents were also musical with his mother singing and exposing <mask> to Tina Arena, whist his father would play AC/DC and Cat Stevens. Along the way his talents were shaped by experiences both mundane and quite remarkable: touring with a church band called Iron and Clay, a stint working in Subway, music scholarships, support slots and talent shows; until by his late teens he found himself burned out, bewildered and unsure just where to take his music next.It took a

masks:
Matthew John Corby
Corby
Corby
Corby
Corby
Corby
Corby
Corby
Corby


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 trip to London, shortly after his 18th birthday, to begin his path back to creative contentment. Playing low-key shows and falling in love with music again, it was there that he would meet with label Communion (home to the likes of Ben Howard, Marcus Foster and The Staves) and find himself encouraged to learn the craft of songwriting, to understand the marriage between the force of his voice and the words it carries. Career

2007: Australian Idol

At age 16, <mask> auditioned for the fifth season of Australian Idol, where he finished as runner-up. <mask> was involved in a clash with a Sydney paparazzo at Bondi Beach which rattled him and his family. He described participating in the competition as being a "big fucking mistake," describing how the struggle to forge his own identity post-idol was bigger than most could have seen from the outside. "I took all the negatives out of that (Idol) and thought 'Bugger, I've ruined everything'". One aspect of Australian Idol that the media speculated about was the number of Christian musicians among the finalists.The media suggested that Christians were "stacking" the voting to keep "their" artists on the show. <mask> rejected those suggestions by stating that he wasn't part of a big church and wasn't promoting himself as religious. <mask> headlined Christian music festival, Easterfest in Toowoomba QLD in March 2008. 2009–2011: Song for... EP
On 5 June 2009, <mask> independently released his debut extended play, Song for..., with Scorpio Music. He then relocated to London and was signed with the indie label Communion by the label's owner, Ben Lovett, of Mumford & Sons fame. On 28 May 2010, <mask>

masks: Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby


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 released the single "My False'". On 20 October, after recording with Ian Grimble (The Libertines, Seasick Steve) and released his second EP, Transition to Colour.From late 2010 to early 2011, <mask> played numerous live shows in London and in February, he performed at South by Southwest (SXSW) in Austin, Texas. He returned to Australia to play Secret Garden shows in fans' backyards throughout the country. In July, he supported UK band Elbow on their tour of Splendour sideshows. <mask>'s track "Made of Stone" was featured on an episode of Underbelly: Razor in 2011 and on ABC's Brothers and Sisters. "Lighthome" was in an episode of Home and Away in 2011, and "Song for..." in 2012 on the same TV series. <mask> recorded a cover version of INXS's "By My Side" for the band's album, Original Sin, as a bonus track for the iTunes edition. He was featured on a track on Julia Stone's debut solo album, The Memory Machine, and on UK singer-songwriter Passenger's track "Golden Thread," from the 2010 album Flight of the Crow.The EP also featured in The Blacklist starring James Spader. 2012: Into the Flame EP and "Brother"
After a few months of writing, <mask> spent September 2011 recording his third EP, Into the Flame, with producer Tim Carr. The EP showcased a new direction for <mask>, including soul-influenced, growling vocals along with a bluesy melody, in conjunction with <mask>'s signature folk style. The title song has been described as "lyrically raw and endearingly honest." The EP also features a duet with keyboardist Bree Tranter, previously a part of Australian band, The Middle East. The EP provided <mask>'s first entry on the ARIA Charts,

masks: Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby


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 where it reached No. 46 on the ARIA Top 50 Singles Chart on 4 December 2011.It subsequently peaked at No. 3. Upon its release, <mask> posted a message on his website and Facebook page:

By December 2012, Into the Flame achieved 6× platinum certification by ARIA. <mask> supported the release of his EP and its single "Brother" with a national into the Flame Tour. It included a mini Secret Garden Summer Tour around New South Wales. In January 2012, <mask> was named the 'Next Big Thing' and won 'Song of the Year' for "Brother" at FBi Radio's annual SMAC Awards in Darlinghurst, New South Wales. He premiered his rendition of The Black Keys' song, "Lonely Boy," for radio station Triple J's segment, "Like a Version", with hosts Tom and Alex, along with an acoustic rendition of his own song, "Brother."Both have since received significant attention online. <mask> secured a support slot with Feist in Adelaide on her 2012 Australian tour. Early in 2012, he toured throughout the US and UK. <mask>'s song "Brother" was voted into the No. 3 position for the Triple J Hottest 100, 2011, and his cover of "Lonely Boy" was voted at No. 69 in the Triple J Hottest 100, 2012. <mask> released a Digital iTunes Session EP on 7 December 2012, playing five of his songs from his previous EP's acoustically on guitar and one on piano, as well as a rendition of "Amazing Grace."<mask> spent the first half of 2013 in Los Angeles, working on his upcoming record, due for release later that year. <mask> was nominated for three 2012 ARIA Music Awards, including two nominations in industry voted categories, Breakthrough Artist and Best Male Artist. He won the publicly voted

masks: Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby


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 Song of the Year category. The newly recorded version of 'Made of Stone' can be heard on the NCIS television promo in the USA. <mask> was featured on a Hunters & Collectors tribute album collaborating with Australian artist Missy Higgins, recording a version of "This Morning." 2013–2014: Resolution
On 21 May 2013, <mask> released "Resolution." It became his first charting single, peaked at number 3 on the ARIA Charts.The song also charted in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, becoming his first charting material in those countries. On 12 July 2013, the Resolution EP was released, containing the single and three new original songs. One of which, "Lay You Down," entered the ARIA Charts at number 75 despite receiving no independent promotion. "Resolution" was voted in eighth place in Triple J Hottest 100, 2013. In December 2013, "Resolution" won the ARIA Award for Song of the Year. On 13 December, <mask> released the Live On the Resolution Tour EP. Its five original songs were recorded live at the Australian and New Zealand shows, including a cover of Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young's "Almost Cut My Hair".<mask> got involved with a Brisbane-based arts collective called "Museum Collective," described on their Facebook page as an "Audio Visual Sensory Experience." The band also features Rohin Jones (who is Museum Collective's musical director), Bree Tranter & Michael Haydon, formerly of The Middle East, as well as Lyndon de la Cruz, Kahl Wallis (of The Medics), Bud Rokesky and Tom Wearne. Museum Collective ran free performances at Brisbane's Old Museum building in September & December and also at Woodford Folk Festival on 28 December 2013. In

masks: Matt Corby Corby Corby


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 January 2014, <mask> released the song "What the Devil Has Made," arranged specifically for the Spirit of Akasha soundtrack. The surf documentary was inspired by the 1971 film, Morning of the Earth. He recorded all parts of the track – including harmonies, flute and guitar – on his own in his home studio. The soundtrack also features <mask>'s version of Tamam Shud's "First Things First" (originally used in the 1971 film).Also in February 2014, <mask>'s song "Breathe", from his 2010 EP Transition To Colour, was featured in the closing scenes of the 21st episode of the fourth season of the popular US teen drama / mystery thriller TV series Pretty Little Liars, entitled She's Come Undone. 2015–2017: "Monday" and Telluric

On 1 October 2015, <mask> released his first song in two years, "Monday" from his debut album, Telluric. The song was described as containing "lush, transcendent harmonies, wailing falsetto, folky boom-claps and heartbreaking lyrics." The song reportedly took 10 minutes to record, and was laid down in a cottage in the NSW coastal town of Berry where he wrote and recorded most of the album. <mask> said to <mask> and Alex of Triple J: "It's stomping on the ground and clapping. It feels good to have that as a composition in a weird way, it's just your voice and everyone who would maybe want to do a cover of that if they so wish, it'll always sound different because they'll have to harmonise with their own [voice]." "Monday" was voted number 53 in the Triple J Hottest 100, 2015.Telluric was released on 11 March 2016. American artist, Gary Burden, designed the album cover. It debuted at number one in Australia. <mask> was

masks: Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby Matt Corby


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 featured on the track "Serious" from Norwegian DJ Kygo's debut album Cloud Nine, released on 13 May 2016. 2018–present: Rainbow Valley
<mask> released his first song in 2 years titled, "No Ordinary Life" on 3 August 2018. On 7 September 2018, <mask> announced his second studio album Rainbow Valley would be released on 2 November 2018. Upon released, the album was the highest local debut of the week in Australia, debuting at number 4 on the ARIA charts.He also subsequently released the second, third and fourth singles from the album, titled "All Fired Up", "All That I See", and "Miracle Love". In February 2019, <mask> released a mini-documentary Behind Rainbow Valley documenting the recording and creative process of the Rainbow Valley album. Speaking of the influence of his newborn son Hugh on the creation of the album, <mask> states "I wanted to create something that was almost instructional for my little boy... A reference for him of the way I see reality and the simple truths that I’ve come across. The lyrics are simple truths. I’m not trying to be too clever or poetic. If anything it was, "This is the way I see the world and this is the way I feel about it". <mask> embarked on the 2019 Rainbow Valley Tour in Europe, the UK, Australia and New Zealand but many dates were cancelled due to the pandemic towards the end of the tour.<mask> was announced as the replacement for Ziggy Marley after he dropped out at WOMAD 2020, in Adelaide. In 2020 <mask> released the singles "If I Never Say a Word" and "Vitamin". Personal life

<mask> and his sister Grace, grew up in the Christian faith after their parents became Christian when <mask> was two

masks: Corby Corby Matt Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby


texts: years old. <mask> would sing in church and stated in 2008, “When I was 13, I started touring with a ministry team and we went around schools and churches, promoting Jesus and tackling depression issues and stuff like that. I did that for a couple of years. So I’ve sort of been in church my whole life and it’s been fun”. Going into Australian Idol, <mask> wondered how his faith would fit in with the show, but stated that it made him self-reliant and brought him closer to God through his own personal drive into bible study.<mask> headlined Easterfest, a Christian music festival in 2008 and a Hillsong United convention. Although growing up as a strong Christian, <mask> is no longer religious, but does understand the draw of a church for young families in particular to have a community connection and collective moral of kindness. <mask> once stated "I'm a stoner and I don't really have much sympathy for religion any more, I basically believe that human beings are pure entities when they're born, and they have the ability to do whatever they want to change the Earth in a positive way. And it's just... they get lied to, and in the process of becoming an adult that ends up fucking up the world." By the time he was 20 he was reading books on philosophy and neuroscience, the latter because he wanted to know how the brain functions, partly because of his experiences with depression and anxiety. "People have said I have depression before, especially when I was younger," he offers. "People were like, you should really go see someone.But I just thought, no, I'm pretty sure the human brain is capable of so much more than what I'm being told I'm

masks: Corby Corby Corby Corby Corby


texts:
 capable of. When people say you need help it's like, do I? With what? And if you could just tell me what I need help with, couldn't I just go and work on it myself?" His search for self led him to spiritual authors such as Eckhart Tolle, and to experimenting with magic mushrooms: "You take mushrooms and then you go, I have no problems," he explains. "I am an ant walking around this planet in a speck in the middle of nowhere. And that's the truth, it's all we are."<mask>'s musical influences include artists such as Jeff Buckley, Lauryn Hill, Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, Sufjan Stevens, Patrick Watson, Scott Mathews, Nick Drake, Nina Simone, Otis Redding, Bon Iver, Bob Dylan, Buddy Guy, Charles Bradley and Sam Cooke. <mask> is good friends with Australian musician Jarryd James, whom <mask> credits with having helped with his musical development. In early 2018, <mask> became a father with his first child Hugh. Speaking to Beat Magazine regarding the way fatherhood has changed <mask>'s perspective, he states "Most of my life, music has been the number one focus. And now it sort of doesn't fit in that category anymore – it's really important, but, it's not as important as my child...When I come back to music, I’m then a lot happier and it's not like I’m constantly exposing myself to only music, and then getting really annoyed about it, or getting hard on myself." <mask> plays guitar, piano, drums, flute amongst other instruments. <mask> currently resides with his kelpie Django, partner and son on his five-acre rainforest ranch called Rainbow Valley near Byron Bay NSW.Tour
Telluric Tour (2016)
Rainbow Valley Tour (2019)

Discography

masks: Corby Corby Corby Corby Matt Corby Corby


texts:
 Telluric (2016)
 Rainbow Valley (2018)

Awards and nominations

APRA Awards
The APRA Awards are presented annually from 1982 by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA), "honouring composers and songwriters". <mask> has received two nominations. They commenced in 2005. |-
| J Awards of 2019
| Rainbow Valley
| Australian Album of the Year
|
|-

National Live Music Awards
The National Live Music Awards (NLMAs) are a broad recognition of Australia's diverse live industry, celebrating the success of the Australian live scene. The awards commenced in 2016. |-
| National Live Music Awards of 2019
| himself
| Live Voice of the Year
|
|-

Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition
The Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition is an annual competition that "acknowledges great songwriting whilst supporting and raising money for Nordoff-Robbins" and is coordinated by Albert Music and APRA AMCOS. It commenced in 2009.|-
| 2009
|
| Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition
| Final 12
|-
| 2019
| "Miracle Love"
| Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition
| style="background:gold;"| 1st
|-

Other awards

References

External links

1990 births
21st-century Australian singers
ARIA Award winners
Australian child singers
Australian Christians
Australian Idol participants
Australian indie pop musicians
Australian indie rock musicians
Australian pianists
Australian rock guitarists
Australian rock keyboardists
Australian singer-songwriters
Singers from Sydney
Living people
21st-century guitarists
Male pianists
21st-century pianists
21st-century Australian male singers
Neo soul singers
Australian male guitarists
Australian male