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<mask> (Məmməd Haqverdi oğlu Yaqubov) is an Azerbaijani scientist, doctor of physico and a mathematical sciences professor. <mask> was born on February 2, 1941, in the village of Mils Julfa region of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. In 1957 he graduated high school #1 in Nakhchivan. In 1962 he graduated from the Mechanics and Mathematics Faculty of Baku State University. Since 1965 he has been working at the university. In 1966 he defended his thesis "the continuation and stability of a class of integro-differential equations" on the physical and mathematical sciences. In 1992, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, defended his thesis on "optimal sliding regimes in systems with distributed parameters and necessary conditions for optimality".Since 1996, <mask> has been the Head of the Department of mathematical methods of control theory of Mechanics and Mathematics Faculty of Baku State University. He is the author of more than 100 scientific articles. He took part in the series of international seminars, symposiums and conferences. For merits in development of science of Azerbaijan by the order of President of Azerbaijan Republic in October 30, 2009 he was awarded with the Order of Glory (Şöhrət ordeni). <mask> Hagverdi <mask> was awarded a diploma "The Best Patriotic Researcher" of 2014 by the European Publishing Press House. Works

Books and monographs:

1. Ordinary Differential Equations course.Manual for high schools. "Education" publishing house. Baku, 1978. (Q.Ehmedov, KHəsənov)

2. Mathematics for classes V dərsliyi secondary schools of Baku, Çaşıoğlu, 2007

3. Mathematics for classes VI dərsliyi secondary schools of Baku, Çaşıoğlu, 2007

4. Algebra

masks:
Mammad Hagverdi Yaqubov
Mammad Hagverdi Yaqubov
Yaqubov
Mammad
Yaqubov


type: original

texts:
 manual for classes VII secondary schools of Baku, Çaşıoğlu, 2007

5.Algebra manual for classes VIII secondary schools of Baku, Çaşıoğlu, 2007

6. Algebra manual for classes IX secondary schools of Baku, Çaşıoğlu, 2007

7. Algebra and beginning in the analysis manual for classes X secondary schools of Baku, Çaşıoğlu, 2007

8. Algebra and beginning in the analysis for classes XI secondary schools of Baku, Çaşıoğlu, 2007

9. Ordinary differential equations. Baku, Maarif, 1978, 444 p.

10. A tidy ordinary differential equations.– Baku, 1999, 161 p.

11. Maximum and minimum problems-Baku, Çaşıoğlu, 1999, 84 p.

12. Mathematics. – Baku, Entrant, 2006,2007,2008, 840 p.

13. Mathematics. İssue and Examples-Baku, Çaşıoğlu, 2008, 543 p.

14. V-VI Olympic Exercises.– Baku, Kismet, 2008, 115 p.

15. Mathematics. Issue and examples. Baku, "Chashioglu" Publishing House, 2009. 542 p.

16. V-XI classes of secondary school mathematics teaching material for thematic work plan and review writing samples. Baku, "AM 965" LLC Publishing House, 2009.196 p.

17. Secondary schools mathematics teaching material for the class X thematic work plan and review writing samples. Baku, MBM Publishing House, 2009. 39 p.

18. Mathematics. Translation from Azerbaijani language, "Abiturient" Baku, 2010. 890 p.

19.V-XI classes of secondary school mathematics teaching material for thematic work plan and review writing samples. "AM 965" MMC publishing house, Baku, 2010. 184 p.

The main articles:

1. Some integral inequalities, Izv.ANU Uz.SSR Ser. fiz.mat.nauk 1972, number 1, str.16–22

2. The solution of the boundary-value differential problems. equation with a parameter methods o.f.p.- Dokl.Academy of


texts:
 Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR 1973, number 9

3. The necessary optimality conditions for a class of control systems with distributed parametrami.- Izv.AN.Az.SSR, ser.fiz.tehn.i mat. Sciences, 1974, № 2

4. On the optimal control problem for elliptic equations, Izv. Universities. Mat. 1975, number 7, p. 92–98

5.Approximate solution of nonlinear integral equation with a parameter via soche-Tania methods kvazilinearizaatsii and o.f.p.- Dokl.AN Azerbaijan SSR 1975, number 4, p. 3–7

6. Properties of solutions of differential inclusions and their applications in the optimal upravlenii.- Izv.AN Azerbaijani SSR, ser.fiz.teh. and mate. Science 1982, number 5, p. 137–143

7. Optimal sliding modes of elliptic type Dokl.AN USSR, 1984, t.274, number 5

8. Optimal sliding mode in systems described by the equations of elliptic type Izv.AN Azerbaijani SSR, ser.fiz.mat.nauk 1984, number 3. p. 124–129

9. On the extension of the control problem and the theorem of existence of an optimal control by nonlinear elliptic uravneniyami.-Dokl.AN USSR, 1986, t.286, № 6.1316–1319

10. On the sliding modes in a single system with distributed parameters. IMM -Trudy the Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences. 1998, t.VIII, / XVI / .210–215

11. Necessary conditions for optimality in a problem described by equation variable tipa.- Azərbaycan EA-nın xəbərləri, IV fizika-riyaziyyat və texniki elmlər seriyası, c.HHIV №3, 2004, p. 50–53

12. Some of the necessary conditions for optimality for systems with impulse vozdeystviyami.- Əməkdar elm xadimi, akademik Ə.İ.Hüseynovun 100 illik yubleyinə həsr olunmuş elmi konfransın tezisləri. Baku, 2007, p. 168

13.Gradient of the functional in a control problem in


texts:
 processes described by partial differential equation of third order, tezis. Modern problems of aprlted mathematics and information technologies – Al Khorezmiy 2009, Tashkent, September 18–21, 2009. p. 132

14. Gradient of the functional in a control problem in processes described by partial differential equation of third order.məqalə Transactions of the international scientific conference "Modern problems of aprlted mathe-matics and information technologies-Al Khorezmiy 2009", Tashkent, September 18–21, 2009. p. 38–40. 15. On the relationship between the sets of decisions and convexified main tasks in a problem upravleniya.Bakı, AMEA-nın məruzələri, T.LXV, c.3, 2010. p. 3 -7. 16. On the relationship between the solution sets the basic and advanced tasks for managing tasks in elliptic equations.International Scientific and Technical Journal "Problems of control and informatics", №4, Kyiv, 2010, 43–52. 17. Elliptic equation slippery regime described in the management of properties. Students, undergraduates, graduate students and young researchers, "Actual problems of mathematics and mechanics", a traditional conference, Baku, 2010. p. 53–55. 18. On the issue of the management of elliptic equation, which describes the presence of optimal control. Students, undergraduates, graduate students and young researchers, "Actual problems of mathematics and mechanics", a traditional conference, Baku, 2010. p. 55–56.19. On the sliding regimes in the processes, described by the third order nonlinear equation. The Third International Conference Problems of Cuber-netcs and Informatics, Baku, september 6–8, 2010. p. 101–102. References

1941 births
Living people
Azerbaijani


texts:
José Martín Cuevas Cobos (born September 28, 1969), known by his stage name <mask>,  is a Mexican singer, songwriter, actor, and television host. <mask> began his international career as <mask> at the age of seven. <mask> has recorded thirty-nine albums, acted in seven soap operas, and twenty five films. He has won 4 Latin Grammy Awards. His stage name is composed of the names of two of his favorite singers, (<mask>) Infante and Vicente (Fernandez). Early life
His first album, La de la Mochila Azul, named after the single, was released in 1978. His starring role in the film La niña de la mochila azul (The Girl with the Blue Backpack) was released in 1979 and led to a lifetime career of recording and film contracts.Career

In 2001, his album Yo No Fui won the Latin Grammy Award for Best Ranchero Album. His album De Corazón was nominated for the Latin Grammy Award for Best Ranchero/Mariachi Album at the 2003 Latin Grammy Awards. In 2009, <mask> starred in Televisa's telenovela Hasta que el dinero nos separe with actress and singer Itatí Cantoral. He won the TVyNovelas Award for Best Lead Actor of 2010 for his portrayal of "Rafael Medina Nuñez" in the telenovela. The couple took home a triumph as Best Couple of the Year and Best Telenovela. In 2010, <mask> won the Latin Grammy Award for Best Regional Mexican Song (2010) for "Amarte a la Antigua",

In 2012, <mask> starred as the protagonist in the telenovela Cachito de cielo. <mask> wrote the theme song "Cachito de Cielo" for the telenovela and as the theme song's songwriter and performer, he won the Latin Grammy Award for Best Regional Mexican Song in 2013.In July 2014, <mask> starred in the Mexican telenovela Hasta el fin del mundo produced by Televisa. <mask> also wrote and performed the theme song for the series and produced an album by the name Hasta El Fin Del Mundo. In 2015, his album Acaríciame El Corazón won the Latin Grammy Award for Best

masks:
Pedro Fernández
Fernández
Pedrito Fernández
Fernández
Pedro
Fernández
Fernández
Fernández
Fernández
Fernández
Fernández


texts: Ranchero/Mariachi Album at the 16th Annual Latin Grammy Awards. <mask> appeared on TV as a team coach for La Voz Kids for seasons three (2015) and four (2016), and as an official presenter/host for the Billboard Latin Music Awards for 2015 and 2016. In September 2016, <mask> collaborated with Grupo Cañaveral for their 20-year anniversary album, recording a Cumbia version of <mask>'s song "Si Te Vas". The Honduran paper La Prensa has called <mask> "one of the most recognized artists not only in Mexico but throughout Latin America for his music and acting which continues today". In November 2017, <mask> recorded “El Mudo” with La Sonora Santanera on their Latin Grammy nominated album “La Fiesta  Continúa”.2018 was an eventful year for <mask>. This year he began celebrating 40 years of his artistic career with a year of concerts and television appearances. In February he was named “Mr. Amigo”. Each year, the Mr. Amigo Association honors a Mexican citizen to promote international friendship and goodwill between the U.S. and Mexico. In March, <mask> released the first single titled from his upcoming new album Arránquense Muchachos. March also saw the release of “Toquen Mariachis Canten” (En Vivo), a duet <mask> recorded with Leo Dan for his new album “Celebrando a una Leyenda” (En Vivo).In May, <mask> recorded another duet “Un Millón De Rosas” with the Grammy winning Tejano Group, La Mafia on their new album “Vozes”. July brought the release of “Como Ella”, the second single from his new album Arránquense Muchachos. In August the complete album was released. In September, the title cut from the album ¡Arránquense Muchachos¡ was nominated by the 19th Annual Latin Grammy Awards for Best Regional Song. In 2019, along with the continuation of his multi-country “40th Anniversary Tour”, <mask> was selected to perform the opening theme “Como Te Extraño Mi Amor” for the Telemundo new political drama Preso No. 1

masks: Fernández Fernández Fernández Fernández Fernández Fernández Fernández Fernández Fernández Fernández


texts:
 an American political thriller television series produced by Keshet International and Telemundo Global Studios  which premiered on 30 July 2019. On August 30, 2019 Spanish singer Natalia Jiménez released her album “México De Mi Corazón” (Mexico of my heart), that includes a duet with <mask>, “Ya Lo Sé Que Tú Te Vas” (I know that you are leaving).In March 2020, <mask> released the cover for his upcoming 40th album with a single titled “Como Te Extraño Mi Amor” (How I miss you my love), written by Leo Dan and encouraged by the popularity of his shorter version performed by <mask> for the theme of the Telemundo political drama Preso No. 1 last year. In 2021 <mask> takes the lead role as the title character in Malverde: El Santo Patrón, an American biographical-drama television series based on the life of the Mexican bandit Jesús Malverde. Produced by Telemundo Global Studios. Awards
Among his many national and international awards over his long career <mask> has been awarded the TVyNovelas Award for Best Actor (2010) for Hasta Que el Dinero Nos Separe, Latin Grammy Award for Best Ranchero/Mariachi Album (2001) for Yo No Fui, Latin Grammy Award for Best Regional Mexican Song (2010) for "Amarte a la Antigua", Latin Grammy Award for Best Regional Mexican Song (2013) (writer and performer) for "Cachito de Cielo", and the Latin Grammy Award for Best Ranchero/Mariachi Album (2015) for Acaríciame El Corazón. (2018)

Filmography

Films

Television

See also
List of Famous Mexicans
Si Te Vas (<mask> song)

References

External links

   and English in history section. 1969 births
Mexican male film actors
Ranchera singers
Mexican male singers
Mexican child singers
Mexican male child actors
Mexican pop singers
Latin Grammy Award winners
Mexican male telenovela actors
Living people
Male actors from Guadalajara, Jalisco
Singers from Guadalajara, Jalisco
Universal Music Latin Entertainment artists
Latin music

masks:
Fernández
Fernández
Fernández
Fernández
Pedro Fernández
Pedro Fernández


texts:
<mask><mask> (February 2, 1965 – December 26, 2016) was an American documentary filmmaker, educator, rabbi, real estate investor, mediator and political activist, best known for the documentary film Saving Barbara Sizemore (2016). Early life

<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois to a Jewish family, and was raised in nearby Lincolnwood, Illinois. His parents, Robinn Schulman, a nurse whose family owned the company that manufactured Shane Toothpaste (now known as AloeSense), and <mask>, a figurative painter and art instructor, divorced when he was young, but maintained an amicable relationship. As a youth, he began a lifelong affiliation with Habonim Dror, the labor Zionist youth movement. Education

<mask> was educated in Lincolnwood, Illinois area public schools until his sophomore year of high school, when unaccompanied by his family, he moved to Israel. In accord with his socialist values, he lived in the kibbutz community of Hakfar Hayarok. On the kibbutz, <mask> was assigned to the dairy, and was put in charge of the artificial insemination and midwifery process for cows.For the rest of his life, <mask> would incorporate bovine imagery into his work; he really loved cows. <mask> served in the Israel Defense Forces and fought in the 1982 Lebanon conflict. <mask> attended the University of Illinois-Chicago (UIC), and then the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) where he studied film, and, taking after his father, painting. As a painter, he was devoted to the styles of expressionist painters such as Alice Neel and  Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, as well as his father. He continued and further developed his political activism while living in Los Angeles and as a film student, took the actor and political activist Edward Asner as his mentor. <mask> learned his style of filmmaking in film school at UCLA. <mask> was drawn to film and comedy.He was strongly influenced by the comic tradition of Jews in America—the Marx Brothers, borscht belt stand-up comedians, Woody Allen and

masks:
David J
. Steiner
David Jay Steiner
Joseph Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner


texts:
 Lenny Bruce, to name a few. Of all things, <mask> was a non-conformist and an experimental visionary, like another one of his heroes, Frank Zappa. These influences would influence <mask>'s later work—both his cinematic work and his writings. As and adult and well in his late 40s, <mask> completed his doctorate in education at the National Louis University in Skokie, Illinois. <mask> undertook rabbinical studies at the Shalom Hartman Institute, the Hebrew Seminary of the Deaf and the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism. On November 7, 2017, he was posthumously ordained a rabbi by the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism at a ceremony in Farmington Hills, Michigan. Career
After earning his art degree at UCLA, <mask> returned to Chicago and soon thereafter moved back to Israel, where he married and had three children.He continued his creative efforts in Israel, developing CD-ROM and video content for a multimedia company, Hed Arzi Music, and teaching. <mask> strongly believed that the best way to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict was to find ways to get Israeli and Palestinian youth together to create art, play sports and have constructive dialog, so he started an organization that brought together Israeli and Palestinian youth. It was at this time that <mask>'s son befriended some refugees from South Sudan, which formed the inspiration for the documentary <mask> was working on at the time of his death in Africa in 2016. Upon his return from Israel, <mask> and his family settled in Skokie, Illinois, where <mask> tackled many projects simultaneously. He created educational software products, and invested in residential real estate. Several of his properties were located in the Humboldt Park neighborhood of Chicago, where <mask> started a book club for homeless individuals in that area. During this time, <mask> also served as director of the religious school at Congregation Solel in Highland Park, Illinois, and completed his doctoral

masks: Steiner Steiner Steiner Steiner Steiner Steiner Steiner Steiner Steiner Steiner Steiner Steiner


texts: degree in education at National Louis University.<mask> also wrote a number of screenplays at this time. However, becoming a rabbi was important to <mask>, and he was given the opportunity to study at the Shalom Hartman Institute in Jerusalem, so the family returned to Israel. The return was short-lived, as the economic crisis of 2008–2009 resulted in the reduction of the endowment upon which <mask>'s rabbinical program was funded. So the <mask>s returned to the United States, this time to Tarzana, California, where <mask> assumed the position of director of education at Valley Beth Shalom in Encino, California. After a year in California, <mask> returned to Chicago, as his marriage ended in divorce. Soon after though, he met Diane Kliebard Silverberg, an attorney. Coincidentally, Silverberg  was the daughter of Herbert Kliebard, a noted historian of education at the University of Wisconsin, who was a great influence on <mask>'s academic work in the education field.Silverberg and <mask> eventually became engaged, and together, the two traveled to a number of faraway locations where <mask> was invited to speak and lecture, including Hong Kong. The two also traveled together to Israel, Morocco, Spain, Canada, Cuba, and the United Kingdom. He also gave lectures in Bosnia-Herzegovina. During this time, <mask> resumed his rabbinical studies at the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism, as well as extensive training as a mediator. Upon completion of his mediation studies, he started Third Eye Mediation, his professional mediation practice. While attending a mediation conference in Chicago, <mask> met <mask>, an administrator at the Barbara A. Sizemore Academy, an afrocentric charter school on the South Side of Chicago. Speller invited <mask> to the school for a Kwanzaa celebration; the school fascinated <mask>, and he decided to apply his film skills to teach children attending that school to make a documentary film.This became the basis for Saving Barbara

masks:
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Jonathan Speller
Steiner
Steiner


texts:
 Sizemore, <mask>'s 2016 documentary. Film

Saving Barbara Sizemore

<mask>'s documentary Saving Barbara Sizemore was released in the U.S. on August 27, 2016, at the Capital City Black Film Festival in Austin, Texas. The film depicts story of the students, teachers and parents of the Barbara A. Sizemore Academy, a charter school in the Englewood area of Chicago. Barbara A. Sizemore Academy serves an African-American community which is economically disadvantaged and beset by violence. The film documents the school's unique methods, which rely heavily on African culture, customs and social structure. In the fashion of noted documentary filmmaker Michael Moore's classic Roger and Me, <mask> takes a group of school kids to confront School District Superintendent Forrest Claypool and Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel about the school district's plans to shut down the school. In so doing, <mask>, who had a doctorate in education, teaches the students not only about how to operate a camera, but also how to use the power of filmmaking as a tool of political advocacy.Untitled Uganda project

In the mid-2000s, when <mask> lived in Tel Aviv with his wife and children, his young son had befriended a pair of South Sudanese boys. After <mask> returned to the United States with his family to take an administrative position as an educational director at Valley Beth Shalom in Los Angeles, he learned that these boys were being deported, part of an overall Israeli government program to deport African refugees. This spurred <mask> to action, and he contacted his friend and UCLA film school classmate, <mask> Egen. He and Egen decided to make a documentary film about the refugee crisis, one that would incorporate the stories of his son's South Sudanese friends into a new documentary, to be filmed in the United States, Israel and Uganda, where the South Sudanese boys were living after their removal from Israel—away from their parents, who were living in war-torn Juba, South Sudan. <mask> and Egen brought

masks:
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
David Bret
Steiner


texts:
 with them Sarah Giroux, a camera operator from Chicago, as well as two of the kids who helped make Saving Barbara Sizemore. In December, 2016, they began production of the Uganda portion of the film. They also screened <mask>'s first film at a Ugandan film festival.However on December 26, 2016, <mask> was killed in a bus accident, as their vehicle was hit at high speed by a reckless driver outside of Iganga, Uganda, after the crew attended a holiday party. The other members of the crew escaped with non-life threatening injuries. As of November, 2017, with the film partially completed, the <mask> family and Egen have taken steps to continue and complete the film, as a tribute to <mask> and his legacy. The Come True Project, an Israeli charity established to help support the education of South Sudanese refugee children living in Uganda, established the David J. Steiner Scholarships Fund in furtherance of this purpose. Writings and political activism

<mask> was a prolific writer of articles, blog entries, screenplays, and academic writings. His blog, titled The Radish: On The Beet with <mask>, ran for six years (2008-2014), and in it, <mask> discussed a variety of topics related to causes that where close to him—peace in the Middle East, the refugee crisis, Israeli politics, mediation, baseball, and more. The name of the blog was derived from the first letters of his name: Rabbi Doctor Shteiner.Israel was always on the forefront of <mask>'s mind, and his writings reflected his advocacy for an inclusive Jewish homeland, one built on democracy, tolerance and progressive values. <mask> was a regular contributor to eJewish Philanthropy, a resource for Jewish organizations and professionals. His articles drew upon his vast knowledge of Jewish history, philosophy and liturgy, as well as popular culture and contemporary themes and issues. <mask> was an early supporter of Barack Obama, and in February, 2007, traveled to Springfield, Illinois in freezing cold weather to watch Obama

masks:
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
David Steiner
David Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner


texts:
 declare for the presidency at an outdoor event. In the 2016 election cycle, he strongly supported Senator Bernie Sanders' presidential campaign. Near the end of his life, <mask> also actively supported protests related to police brutality, more particularly those related to police-involved shootings of unarmed African-Americans. Among those who noted the passing of <mask> in December, 2016, was Ameinu, the progressive Zionist organization, whose leadership lauded <mask> for "providing thoughtful writings and event programs that fused Jewish scholarship, Israel education and social justice engagement."In 2017, the Barbara A. Sizemore Academy renamed their media studies center the "David J. Steiner Digital Media Department", in honor of the man whose film helped save their school. As another posthumous honor, the Chicago chapter of the Center for Conflict Resolution named its annual <mask> Dedicated Volunteer Award after <mask>, acknowledging that the over 200 disputes he mediated in just two years is a record that likely will never be broken—or indeed, even approached. Personal life
<mask> had a son and two daughters from a previous marriage. At the time of his death, <mask> was engaged to Diane Silverberg, and the two were living together in Evanston, Illinois. <mask> is buried at Memorial Park Cemetery in Skokie, Illinois. On June 6, 2018, <mask>'s son Itamar was selected by the Chicago Cubs in the 40th round of the 2018 Major League Baseball draft. Filmography

References

External links

 The Radish: On The Beet with <mask>er's blog from 2008 to 2014.

 eJewish Philanthropy link to <mask> articles
   Come True Project: David J. <mask> Scholarships Fund

1965 births
2016 deaths
Film directors from Illinois
20th-century American Jews
American socialists
American documentary film directors
People from Lincolnwood, Illinois
People from Chicago
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
National Louis University alumni
Writers from Chicago
Road incident deaths in

masks:
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
David Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
Steiner
David SteinerStein
Steiner
Steiner


texts:
<mask> (23 January 1930 – 28 August 2021) was a Polish operatic soprano who enjoyed a major international career from the 1950s through the 1990s. She made her stage debut at the Opera Krakowska in 1956 in the title role of Moniuszko's Halka, and later recorded Chopin's Polish songs and songs by Karol Szymanowski. After achieving 3rd prize at the ARD International Music Competition in 1960, she became an ensemble member of the Oper Dortmund and the Deutsche Oper am Rhein. She was recognised internationally when she appeared at the Glyndebourne Festival in 1965 in the title role of Der Rosenkavalier, alongside Montserrat Caballé, and two years later as Donna Elvira in Mozart's Don Giovanni. From 1970, she was a long-time member of the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, where she appeared in leading roles including Desdemona in Verdi's Otello, and Puccini's Mimi, Liù and Manon Lescaut. She performed a broad repertoire both on stage as in concert and recital, adjusting flexibly to music from different periods. Her unique voice was described as "both bright and substantial, which means that she can convey the intensity of emotion".She was awarded honorary doctorates, the Order of Polonia Restituta, the Legion of Honour, and a sculpture in a public Polish park. Life and career

Poland
Żylis-Gara was born in Landwarów, Second Polish Republic (now Lentvaris in Lithuania). She studied for nine years at the Łódź Music Academy with . In 1954, Żylis-Gara won first prize at the Polish Young Vocalists Contest in Warsaw which led to engagements to sing on the Polish National Radio and to perform as a soloist with the Kraków Philharmonic. In 1956 she made her professional opera debut with Opera Krakowska in the title role of Moniuszko's Halka. She returned there the following year to


texts:
 portray the title role in Puccini's Madama Butterfly. In 1958 Żylis-Gara won 2nd prize at the Concours of Toulouse and in 1960 she won 3rd prize at the ARD International Music Competition in Munich.Germany 1960–1970
The ARD competition win led to her engagement at the Theater Oberhausen, where she appeared in many Mozart roles including Fiordiligi in Mozart's Cosi fan Tutte. She continued her voice training in Germany with Dietger Jacob. She joined the ensemble of the Oper Dortmund in 1962. When the new Opernhaus Dortmund was opened in 1966, she performed the title role in Der Rosenkavalier by Richard Strauss, alongside Elisabeth Grümmer as Marschallin, Liselotte Hammes as Sophie and Kurt Böhme as Ochs, the Dortmunder Philharmoniker conducted by Wilhelm Schüchter. In 1965 she joined the Deutsche Oper am Rhein. By now fluent in German, she appeared as Rosalinde in Die Fledermaus by Johann Strauss, which requires spoken dialogue, and as Agathe in Weber's Der Freischütz. She remained at the houses through 1970, and later returned often as a guest.She also appeared as a guest at the Oper Frankfurt, the Hamburg State Opera, the Cologne Opera, the Bavarian State Opera, Deutsche Oper Berlin, and the Vienna State Opera during the 1960s and 1970s. During her residence in Germany, Żylis-Gara was active internationally, beginning in 1965 at the Glyndebourne Festival as Rosenkavalier, with Montserrat Caballé as Feldmarschallin, and in 1967 as Donna Elvira in Mozart's Don Giovanni. In 1966, she performed for the first time at the Palais Garnier in Paris which led to a contract with the Opéra National de Paris through 1969. In 1968, she made her house debut at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in London as Violetta in Verdi's La traviata. In 1968, she appeared as Donna Elvira at


texts:
 the Salzburg Festival conducted by Herbert von Karajan, at the San Francisco Opera, and in 1969 at the Royal Opera House. Żylis-Gara regarded Mozart's hapless quasi-heroine as her "destiny role." Metropolitan Opera 1970–1984
Żylis-Gara's first appeared at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City on 17 December 1968, again as Donna Elvira.Irving Kolodin of the Saturday Review wrote of her performance:

After this performance, Rudolf Bing, general manager of the house, offered her a long-term contract with the company beginning in January 1970 with Pamina in Mozart's The Magic Flute. She remained on the Met roster for the next 14 seasons, portraying such roles as Countess Almaviva in Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro, Amelia in Verdi's Un ballo in maschera, Madame Butterfly, Desdemona in Verdi's Otello, Elisabeth in Wagner's Tannhäuser, Elsa in Lohengrin, Fiordiligi, Leonora in Verdi's Il trovatore, Liù in Puccini's Turandot, Marguerite in Gounod's Faust, Mimì in Puccini's La bohème, Octavian in Der Rosenkavalier, Tatiana in Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, La traviata, and the title roles in Cilea's Adriana Lecouvreur, and Puccini's Suor Angelica and Tosca. Her final and 233rd performance at the Metropolitan Opera was the title role of Puccini's Manon Lescaut on 31 March 1984, with Vasile Moldoveanu as Des Grieux, Allan Monk as Lescaut, and Nello Santi conducting. She was La traviata again for Robert Merrill's 25th anniversary (31 October 1970), and Amelia in Carlo Bergonzi's 25th anniversary gala on 22 April 1972. She took part in the Gala honoring Rudolf Bing, as Desdemona in the love duet from Otello with Franco Corelli, conducted by Karl Böhm. She also joined the Met on tour. In her performances at the Met, numerous artists made their house debuts, including Hildegard


texts:
 Behrens, Neil Shicoff, Kurt Moll, Isola Jones, and Siegfried Jerusalem.A reviewer of Turandot at the Aix-en-Provence Festival wrote that she was "a Liù full of sweetness, whose lovely pianissimi would overcome a heart even colder than that of the cruel princess". In the 1970s, Żylis-Gara appeared as a guest, especially at the Deutsche Oper Berlin and the Vienna State Opera. She sang annually at the Royal Opera House from 1976 to 1980. She was also a soloist at La Scala in Milan, Teatr Wielki in Warsaw, the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires, the Teatro Real in Madrid, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, and the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow. She also performed in operas houses in Amsterdam and Miami. Personal life
Żylis-Gara was married and had a son. She lived in Monaco from 1980.She died on 28 August 2021 in Łódź at age 91. She was buried on 10 September 2021 in the Alley of Merit at Doły municipal cemetery in Łódź. Awards

Żylis-Gara received a honorary doctorate of the Karol Lipiński Academy of Music in 2004. The President of Poland awarded her the Commander's Cross with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta. In 2012 she was appointed officer of the Legion of Honour. She received an honorary doctorate from the Academy of Music in Łódź in 2016. A concert in her honour was performed on the occasion of her 90th birthday at the Teatr Wielki.Recordings
Żylis-Gara recorded in opera, concert and lied, include Chopin's Polish songs and songs by Karol Szymanowski, the title role in Massenet's Manon, (conducted by Jean Fournet), the Composer in Ariadne auf Naxos by Richard Strauss, (conducted by Rudolf Kempe), Rossini's Mosè in Egitto, (conducted by Wolfgang Sawallisch), Elvira in Don Giovanni, (with Karl Böhm), and Elisabetta in Don Carlo, (with Thomas Schippers). She recorded the soprano in


texts:
 Mozart's Requiem with Wolfgang Gönnenwein. In 1966 she recorded Bach cantatas with the Windsbacher Knabenchor, conducted by Hans Thamm, including Wer nur den lieben Gott läßt walten, BWV 93. She is the soprano soloist in Gönnenwein's 1968 recording of Bach's St Matthew Passion, and recorded the part in a 1969 recording with Peter Schreier, Hermann Prey, Margarita Lilowa and Max van Egmond, played by RAI National Symphony Orchestra and conducted by Claudio Abbado. A performance of Donizetti's Anna Bolena, broadcast from Cologne by Westdeutscher Rundfunk (WDR) in 1967, featured Żylis-Gara in the title role, Karl Ridderbusch (Enrico), Vera Little (Giovanna), Gene Ferguson (Percy), Wolfgang Anheisser (Rochefort), Barbara Scherler (Smeton) and Werner Hollweg (Hervey), was conducted by Alberto Erede, and has been reissued on CD. In 1986, she recorded live Bach cantatas for soprano solo including Mein Herze schwimmt im Blut, BWV 199, at the inauguration of the Théâtre La Colonne in Miramas, conducted by Dominique Debart. 26, E. Friedrich Verlag, 1985
 Opernwelt, vol.20, E. Friedrich Verlag, 1979 (interview)

 Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, Robert Schumann Heft, Schott, 1967, p. 220

External links

 <mask>-Gara (Soprano) Bach Cantatas Website

1930 births
2021 deaths
Commanders with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta
Deutsche Grammophon artists
EMI Records artists
Harmonia Mundi artists
Immigrants to Monaco
Monegasque women singers
Musicians from Łódź
Officiers of the Légion d'honneur
People from Trakai District Municipality
People from Wilno Voivodeship (1926–1939)
Polish operatic sopranos
Recipients of the Gold Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis
Warner Music Group artists
20th-century Polish women opera singers
Prize-winners of the ARD International Music


texts:
<mask>, born on September 1, 1962, is a French climatologist, Professor of Climate and Ocean Evolution at the Collège de France and a member of the French Academy of Sciences. Biography
After studying geological engineering (ENSG) in Nancy, <mask> began his research at the Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA) in Gif-sur-Yvette (doctoral thesis in 1987) and continued at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University in New York as a postdoctoral fellow in 1988 and as an associate researcher in 1989. Back in France, he first joined the CEA as a researcher, then began teaching as a professor at the University of Aix-Marseille in 1991 and at the Collège de France in 2001. He is currently Deputy Director of the European Centre for Research and Education in Environmental Geosciences (CEREGE) at the Arbois Technopole in Aix-en-Provence and coordinates the EQUIPEX ASTER-CEREGE, project. <mask> is the author of more than 200 articles in the peer-reviewed scientific literature, as well as some thirty popular articles (some available for download) and books intended for the general public, including L'Homme et le climat, Découvertes Gallimard, 2005 and director-author of L'Homme face au climat, Odile Jacob, 2006 and L'Océan, le climat et nous: un équilibre fragile ?, Le Pommier & Universcience, 2011. In 2011 and 2012, he was scientific curator of the exhibition "L'océan, le climat et nous" at the Cité des sciences et de l'industrie de la Villette in Paris. Since 2004, Édouard Bard has organized numerous symposia and symposia at the Collège de France on climate and ocean change, some of which are widely open to the general public and politicians, such as "L'Homme face au climat" in 2004, "Closing the Fourth International Polar Year" in 2009 in partnership with the Senate,

masks:
Édouard Bard
Édouard Bard
Édouard Bard


texts:
 "Arctic : the major scientific challenges" in 2012 in partnership with the Arctic Workshop, "Climate, energy and society: the Collège de France and COP21" in 2015 with the participation of the President of the Republic, François Hollande.In 2007, he was vice-president of Group 1 of the Grenelle de l'Environnement on the fight against climate change and energy management, and participated in the French government delegations in Ilulissat in Greenland and Bali in Indonesia for the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP13). In 2009, he was a member of the Commission du Grand Emprunt national (Programme des investissements d'avenir) chaired by Alain Juppé and Michel Rocard, former prime ministers. From 2010 to 2013, he was a member of the Scientific Council of OPECST. Scientific contributions
<mask> <mask>'s scientific work is at the interface of climatology, oceanography and geology. Its main objective is to understand the natural functioning of the ocean-atmosphere-cryosphere-biosphere system on time scales ranging from a few centuries to several million years. Better documenting these changes, accurately dating them, understanding their mechanisms and modelling them are important tasks in projects to predict future climate change. For his research, <mask> <mask> uses analytical chemistry techniques to determine the magnitude and chronology of climate variations.New quantitative methods have allowed him to reconstruct past environments from various archives such as marine and lake sediments, corals, stalagmites and polar ice. The common thread is the desire to study the same climatic phenomena, such as glaciations, using complementary and often innovative geochemical techniques. To study the climate of the past, he uses "time machines" - sophisticated mass spectrometers to

masks: Édouard Bard Édouard Bard


texts:
 measure radioactive isotopes and date climate variations recorded in geological archives. Another feature of his research is a back and forth between studies of past and recent periods, as well as current environments. Since variations in the climate system involve mechanisms with very different time constants, it is indeed crucial to have a long-term perspective in order to be able to distinguish the effects of climate forcings according to their geological, astronomical and anthropogenic origins. <mask> <mask>'s main scientific contributions concern the following topics: the diffusion of radiocarbon-labelled carbon dioxide in the ocean (first measurements in accelerator mass spectrometry, variations in surface ocean temperature using organic, isotopic and elemental geochemistry indicators, the dating of fossil corals by mass spectrometry of uranium and thorium to reconstruct sea level variations and to study the history of ice caps, the innovative use of radiocarbon as a tracer of CO2 exchanges at the ocean-atmosphere interface, the calibration of the radiocarbon dating method and the use of other cosmogenic nuclides such as beryllium 10 to reconstruct solar activity in the past, as well as variations in the geomagnetic field and the global carbon cycle. A more detailed description of Edouard <mask>'s research is available on the GEOMAR Kiel website (Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research) published as part of the Petersen Foundation's 2013 Award of Excellence.Video

   2016 (As well as 2014 and 2001) - Thomson Reuters Highly Cited Researcher

See also
 Meltwater pulse 1B (en)

References

Living people
1962 births
French climatologists
Collège de France faculty
Aix-Marseille University faculty
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Foreign associates of the National Academy of

masks: Édouard Bard Bard


texts:
<mask> (born 8 January 1983) is an Irish football coach and former player who played as a forward. He began his senior career in England, where he played for Stockport County and Hartlepool United; he also had loan spells with Bury and Grimsby Town. He moved to Scottish football in 2007, when he signed for Dundee United. He spent over six years at the club, eventually becoming club captain, and won the Scottish Cup in 2010. He signed for Rangers in 2013, winning the League One title in his first season. He was described as the first Irish Catholic to join Rangers, a team with a Protestant identity. Released by Rangers in 2015, <mask> ended his playing career with Raith Rovers and retired in January 2016.He became a coach at Heart of Midlothian, where he was interim manager twice. He was twice included in the PFA Scotland Team of the Year awards, for the Scottish Premier League in 2012 and for League One in 2014. In international football, <mask> represented the Republic of Ireland at all youth levels up to the under-21 team. Club career

Stockport County
Born in Dublin, Ireland, <mask> started his career at Irish amateur side Cherry Orchard, before signing for Stockport County in May 1998. At Stockport he scored regularly for the youth and reserve team. He began to make an impression on manager Andy Kilner during Stockport's pre-season tour of Scandinavia. He came on a substitute against Landskrona BoIS, and then started against Kristianstads, against whom he scored his first senior goal after lobbing the Kristianstad keeper.The following season saw <mask> become Stockport's second-youngest player when he came off the bench to make his first team debut against Walsall. However, he failed to secure a regular place and only appeared in five matches in his first two seasons. Consequently, he had to wait until the 2001–02 season before he scored his first senior goal against Bolton

masks:
Jonathan Marvin Daly
Daly
Daly
Daly
Daly


texts:
 Wanderers in the FA Cup. He scored his first league goal later that season. By the start of the 2002–03 season, <mask> was regarded as one of Division 2's most promising strikers. He played more regularly and he was involved in 35 of Stockport's 46 league games, scoring seven goals. During this season, Stockport manager Carlton Palmer decided against naming a goalkeeper on the bench and revealed that he was planning to use <mask> in goal should their keeper get sent off or injured.However, this never occurred and <mask> never made an appearance in goal. In October 2004 he went on loan to Grimsby, and scored on his debut against Chester City. However, in his third and final appearance for Grimsby he was sent off against Scunthorpe United. Hartlepool United
In February 2005, <mask> signed for Hartlepool United, where he would stay for the next two years. <mask> scored his first goal  against AFC Bournemouth, which helped seal a play-off spot. In the League One Play-off Final against Sheffield Wednesday, he scored with his first touch after coming on as a substitute to put Hartlepool in the lead. <mask> struggled to feature for the club the following season and was sent on loan to Bury.In the 2006–07 season, he again struggled to hold down a first team spot, although he scored seven goals over three games within a week, including the first hat-trick of his professional career against Wrexham on 30 September 2006. After this, he struggled to maintain his form and was surplus to requirements after Danny Wilson signed Richie Barker. Dundee United
<mask> was allowed to join Dundee United in January 2007 for an undisclosed fee. He made his debut for the club, on 13 January 2007, in a 5–0 loss against Rangers. He scored his first goal for the club in a 1–1 draw against League champions Celtic. After the match, his performance was praised by Craig Levein, who described him as "tireless up

masks: Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly


texts: front and a lot of people don't see all the work he does." He scored again, the last game of the season, in a 4–2 win over Aberdeen.In May 2007, <mask> suffered a posterior cruciate ligament injury, ruling him out for around six months, which affected the start of the season. Having appeared four times on the bench, <mask> made his return, on 10 November 2007, in a 2–0 win over Kilmarnock. However, on his next appearance, he suffered another injury, to his ankle, ruling him out for another two months. On 12 March 2008, <mask> returned as a substitute for Craig Conway, in a 0–0 draw against Celtic. On 23 December 2008, <mask> signed a new three-year contract extension. On 11 January 2009, he provided an assist for Prince Buaben before scoring a goal for himself, in a 4–0 win over East Stirlingshire, in the fourth round of the Scottish Cup. In April 2009, he injured both his anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, ruling him out of action for several months.On his return in late November 2009, <mask> scored in his first two substitute appearances, including a winner against Celtic before netting his second hat-trick for the club in January 2010, scoring three in the club's 4–1 win at Falkirk. Following his hat-trick, he would add two more goals, taking his tally to five goals in three appearances. He finished the season as Dundee United's top scorer, and picked up a Scottish Cup Winners medal in May 2010. United manager Peter Houston subsequently named <mask> as club captain for season 2010–11. He made his European debut in the qualification round against Greek side AEK Athens. The club lost 2-1 on aggregate. He suffered several injuries during the season, but scored twelve goals in all competitions, including a hat-trick as Dundee United beat Motherwwll 4–0.In the 2011–12 season, <mask> played in both legs of the UEFA Europa League tie against Polish side Śląsk Wrocław. In the


texts:
 second leg, following a 1–0 loss, he made an assist for David Goodwillie before scoring his first goal of the season, from the penalty spot, as Dundee United won 3–2. However, the club were eliminated under the away goal rule. He then signed contract extensions with the club until 2013. In April 2012, <mask> was awarded the March Player of the Month award. Shortly afterwards, he was nominated for the PFA Scotland player of the year award. He scored 19 goals in 36 matches for Dundee United by 1 April 2012, becoming a crucial part of the team and gained himself club captaincy.<mask> scored 22 goals in 43 appearances in all competitions. In the 2012–13 season, <mask> was the second top-scorer in the league behind Johnny Russell. In the final year of his contract, he was linked with League Two side Fleetwood Town. <mask> announced he was to leave the club at the end of the season. <mask>'s exit from the club was confirmed on 19 May 2013 when he agreed a two-year deal with Rangers. Rangers
On 24 May 2013, <mask> agreed to join Rangers on a free transfer when the Glasgow club's transfer ban was lifted on 1 September 2013. On 4 March 2013, Rangers announced that they would make a move to sign <mask> on a pre-contract deal.Manager Ally McCoist confirmed their interest in signing <mask>. The move meant <mask> would become the first Catholic player from the Republic of Ireland to sign for Rangers. McCoist himself said that he had no problem with <mask>'s religion or place of birth. Ahead of the 2013–14 season, <mask> scored his first goal for Rangers in a pre-season friendly against FC Emmen. He scored his first competitive goals for the club in a 6–0 away victory against Airdrieonians making the score 4–0 and 6–0. His next goal for Rangers was in a 3–0 victory over Queen of the South in the Scottish Challenge Cup Quarter Final on 17 September. On 28 September he scored four times in an 8–0

masks: Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly


texts:
 victory over Stenhousemuir.He scored another hat-trick in a 4–0 away win over East Fife on 26 October. He scored Rangers' only goal in the Ramsdens cup semi-final against Stenhousemuir to secure McCoist his first final as manager since taking over from Walter Smith in 2011. A few days after <mask> scored a double against Airdrieonians in a 3–0 victory in the Scottish Cup booking Rangers place in the next round. He scored his 15th and 16th goals for the season in consecutive matches against Dunfermline and Airdrieonians respectively. He was ruled out for six weeks at the start of the 2014–15 season with a knee injury that required surgery. On 29 May 2015, <mask> confirmed that he had left Rangers and was a free agent. Raith Rovers
<mask> signed a short-term contract with Raith Rovers in August 2015.He scored his first goal for Raith in a 2-1 loss to Hibernian on 24 October 2015.

International career
<mask> represented Republic of Ireland from under-14 to under-21 level and was hailed by Niall Quinn as his successor to the Republic of Ireland front line. <mask>'s talent was then recognised when he picked up Ireland's 2001 Youth Player of the Year award and he was also given the opportunity to progress to the under-21 team. <mask> maintained his promise and scored in Ireland under-19's 3–2 victory over England. For the next two years, <mask> kept his place and became a frequent goalscorer in the Republic of Ireland under-21 national football team and went on to play at the 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship, playing in two of Ireland's group matches before their second round exit. Coaching career
In November 2015, <mask> agreed to join Hearts as coach of their under-20 team when his contract with Raith expired in January 2016. Following Robbie Neilson's departure, <mask> was announced as joint interim manager of Heart of Midlothian with Andy Kirk. He was again placed in interim

masks: Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly Daly


texts:
 charge of the first team in August 2017, after the departure of Ian Cathro.<mask> left Hearts in January 2020, soon after the appointment of Daniel Stendel as head coach. In November 2020, <mask> joined TPS Turku as assistant manager to former Rangers striker <mask> Johansson. He also became manager of the under-23 team. It was announced in December 2021 that <mask> had left the club by mutual agreement to return home for family reasons. On 20 December 2021, it was announced that <mask> had returned to Dublin to become assistant manager of League of Ireland Premier Division side St Patrick's Athletic under newly appointed manager Tim Clancy, who he had played against during his playing career in Scotland, as well as completing his coaching badges alongside Clancy. Personal life
<mask> is married to Linda and has two daughters. Though he was described as the first Irish Catholic to join Rangers, <mask> is not religious and believes that the media coverage of that transfer was exaggerated.Career statistics

Honours
Dundee United
Scottish Cup: 2010

Rangers
Scottish League One: 2014

References

External links

 Ireland stats at 11v11

1983 births
Living people
Association footballers from Dublin (city)
Republic of Ireland association footballers
Republic of Ireland youth international footballers
Republic of Ireland under-21 international footballers
Association football forwards
English Football League players
Scottish Premier League players
Scottish Professional Football League players
Stockport County F.C. players
Bury F.C. players
Grimsby Town F.C. players
Hartlepool United F.C. players
Dundee United F.C. players
Rangers F.C. players
Irish expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
Expatriate footballers in Scotland
Republic of Ireland expatriate association footballers
Raith Rovers F.C.players
Cherry Orchard F.C. players
Heart of Midlothian F.C. non-playing staff
Association football

masks: Daly Daly Jonatan Daly Daly Daly Daly


texts:
<mask> (born 1970) is a Spanish globetrotter, sailor, media personality and politician. He is best known as host and participant of various TV reality shows and series of geography-related documentary programs, in which he appears as bushcraft expert, adventurer and traveler. Earlier he took part in re-enactments of historical Hispanic naval voyages. He is also organizer and manager of an annual education project España Rumbo al Sur, focused on Africa and intended for the youth. As a politician he supports the Traditionalist cause. From 2018 to 2020 he headed the Acción Social section of Comunión Tradicionalista Carlista; in 2020 he was elected president of the CTC executive, Junta Nacional. Family and youth

The Aldaz family is of Basque origin, ennobled since the 17th century; it got very branched, especially in the Pamplona county.<mask>'s grandfather Cecilio <mask> Urricelqui (1887-1944) was born to a petty bourgeoisie family; following education in the Pamplonese Escuela de Artes y Oficios he worked in the La Agrícola bank. His son Cecilio <mask> Elso (1913-1987)  worked as teacher and was a locally recognized sportsman. Though a republican and left-winger, according to his son he volunteered to requeté; he later deserted and joined the Republican guerilla unit, active in 1937-1938 as Batallón de Montaña Pirenaico. On exile in France, in 1939 he applied for refuge in Mexico and later lived in Dominicana. His later fate is not clear; according to his son, <mask> Elso witnessed the Pearl Harbor attack. From 1943 to 1945 he served in the US Army and reportedly fought in Europe. Afterwards he joined a merchant navy of an

masks:
Telmo Aldaz de la Quadra Salcedo
Telmo
Aldaz
Aldaz
Aldaz


texts: unspecified country and following decades of service, he grew to a captain.His status in the Francoist Spain is not clear. In the 1940s he was formally purged from teaching; in the 1950s he was reportedly fishing with Hemingway in trout rivers of Navarre. When in his 50s <mask> Elso met Ana María Quadra-Salcedo Gayarre (1935-2012), born in Irún but resident in Madrid. She was descendant to a few distinguished Basque families; her paternal great-grandfather owned a large mayorazgo in Biscay and served as local deputy in the 1860s; another one was longtime member of Isabelline Cortes, while others were Navarrese entrepreneurs. Her maternal grandfather Miguel Gayarre Espinal was a well-known psychiatrist, member of the so-called Madrid School of Psychiatry. Her father was an agriculture specialist employed by the Madrid diputación; he volunteered to requeté and perished in 1938. Ana Maria herself became a known archeologist and led a number of excavation projects across all Spain.Cecilio and Ana Maria married in the late 1960s; they settled in Madrid. The couple had 3 children, born in the early 1970s, all initially educated by their mother within the homeschooling framework. At the turn of the 1980s and 1990s <mask> studied law at Universidad Complutense; he then specialized in maritime law at Université Montesquieu in Bordeaux. He has never practiced; since the early 1990s he started to make a living as co-organizer of adventure projects, commencing with Ruta Quetzal in 1993. In 2006 <mask> married Isabel Ussia Hornedo, daughter to well-known publisher Alfonso Ussía Muñoz-Seca and great-granddaughter to Pedro Muñoz Seca. It is

masks: Aldaz Aldaz Aldaz


texts:
 not clear whether the couple have any children. Numerous of his more distant relatives were public figures; sister of his maternal grandmother Carmen Gayarre Galbete counted among pioneers in paedology, while brother of his maternal grandfather José Miguel Quadra-Salcedo is recognized as an architect.The cousin of his mother Tomás Quadra-Salcedo served as minister in the 1980s and 1990s. The best known relative was his maternal uncle Miguel Quadra-Salcedo Gayarre. Initially an athlete and reporter, since the 1970s he became a media celebrity as a globetrotter. Adventurer

Son to a merchant marine captain and nephew to an adventure media celebrity, already during his teenage years <mask> took part in numerous travelling projects; some were related to a friend of his father and another Navarrese maritime explorer and public personality, known in Spain as Capitán Etayo. In 1992 he was formally employed by his uncle as logistics coordinator for the subsequent edition of Ruta Quetzal; at the time the project was sponsored by Secretariat of State for International Cooperation and Ibero-America and the Ibero-American General Secretariat. <mask> served in the same role also during the 1994 edition and took part in cross-Atlantic journeys on replica of the original Niña caravel. In 1995 he embarked on his first own major travelling project, re-enactment of the historical 1503 Columbus-related paddling journey from Jamaica to Hispaniola in canoes.The enterprise lasted few weeks and became a media scoop in Spain. In the second half of the 1990s he travelled on the Amazon and the Orinoco in canoe and took part in other re-enactment sails

masks: Telmo Aldaz


texts: of replica ships Niña III and Nao Victoria, e.g. in 1998 as part to the round-the-world journey. Most of these undertakings were part of media projects, and <mask> systematically provided his correspondence to contracted agencies. In 1997 he canoed on the Congo river across Zaire, but the project was abandoned mid-course due to outbreak of the civil war. At the turn of the centuries <mask> was again working for Ruta Quetzal, e.g. in 2002 and 2003.In 2006 <mask> launched his trademark project, Madrid Rumbo al Sur (eng. "Madrid Southbound"). Reportedly inspired by the provincial Madrid authorities, it was designed as an education project for older teenagers. Formatted as a holiday outdoor exploration tour and focused on Africa, it was supposed and until today is being marketed as an exercise in survival, volunteering, ecology, education, research, culture, sports, business entrepreneurship, adventure and international cooperation. In 2007 <mask> with some family members registered Fundación Madrid Rumbo al Sur, the legal entity which from then on became the formal operator of subsequent editions of Rumbo al Sur; he became its president. From then the program has been repeated in annual subsequent editions; they were organized mostly in Morocco, though at times also in Central Africa (Ethiopia, Cameroon, Senegal, Mali, Mauritania) and few times in southern Africa (Swaziland  (since 2018 renamed to Eswatini), Republic of South Africa, Mozambique). Due to Covid-19 pandemic, the 2020 edition was formatted as a sailing voyage between Andalusia and Morocco; following few editions in 2014 the project was renamed to España Rumbo al Sur

masks: Aldaz Aldaz Aldaz Aldaz


texts:
 and is currently no longer catering to the Madrid youth only.The project is financed partially by institutional and commercial sponsors, by various foundations (e.g. Fundación Mutua Madrileña), and partially by the participants, with crowdfunding the preferred means of collecting money. Each year there were over 100 youngsters taking part; until today there have been more than 1,000 youngsters participating. Media personality

From the onset <mask> commenced co-operation with the press and kept providing ongoing correspondence from his voyages to selected media. In 1997 he worked as correspondent of Diario de Navarra to Zaire and covered the ongoing civil war in the mid-1990s. Already at the time some newspapers featured him as “explorador del siglo XXI” and especially the Madrid titles kept referring to him as to organizer of adventure trips for the youth. In the mid-2000s Aldaz tried his hand in film-making industry.In 2004-2005 he served as trainee production assistant during the making of Capitán Alatriste by Agustín Díaz Yanes, the second most-expensive Spanish movie ever. Shortly afterwards he was employed as a location runner for Goya’s Ghosts by Miloš Forman. Having gained experience Aldaz started to produce video materials from his Rumbo al Sur editions, first floated in social media and then professionally made programs intended for commercial media. His documentary broadcast in the local Telemadrid channel earned him the Fundación Codespa prize in periodismo category in the year of 2009. In the early 2000s <mask> signed a contract with the Spanish branch of DMax, the European television channel and part of the

masks: Aldaz Aldaz


texts: Discovery network. He became host of a reality show series titled 40º Norte, la tierra del lobo, aired in 2015 by Telemadrid. It featured 10 madrileños who under Aldaz’ guidance were supposed to manage on their own in the wilderness of Sierra de Guadarrama; the best of them was awarded the title of “the alfa wolf” and a financial reward.It was followed by another series, also produced for DMax and titled Mares: Telmo en el Estrecho. It adhered to a somewhat different formula; instead of reality show, it resembled rather a traditional documentary and explored the live at sea between the coast of Andalusia and this of Morocco. The series was aired in 2016 and proved fairly successful; production of another season followed shortly afterwards. In 2017 <mask> himself became the protagonist of an episode in the popular Radiotelevisión Española series Ochentame... otra vez; titled Sangre de aventureros, it featured modern-day Spanish travelers and adventurers. He floated accounts of his other voyages in social media and featured in single episodes of other reality shows. Thanks mostly to his TV ventures in the 2010s <mask> became a publicly recognizable figure. Newspapers and web portals were publishing interviews and featured materials, in which he appeared as “navigator and adventurer”, “a Navarrese Viking”, “lawyer and adventurer”, “bold explorer”, “expert mariner”, “popular adventurer”, “guardian of the <mask> <mask> Salcedo legacy” and even sort of a maritime Don Quijote.Most of these pieces dwelled on his iconic movie look and noted athletic figure, picturesque beard and almost 2 meters of height. When interviewed Aldaz

masks:
Aldaz
Aldaz
Miguel de
la Qra


texts:
 advocated life in pursuit of own dreams and ideas, not to be discouraged by meager problems. His focus was on adventure and joy, though also with an important ingredient of hard work, learning, overcoming of challenges, meeting people and protecting the environment. Carlist

<mask>’ maternal ancestors were distinguished Carlists; his great-great-grandfather José Miguel Arrieta-Mascarua served in 1843–1871 in the Cortes, while another one Andrés Bruno Quadra-Salcedo acted as high legitimist Biscay official during the Third Carlist War. His great-grandfather Tomás <mask> <mask>-Salcedo was a fuerista, while his grandfather <mask> <mask> Quadra-Salcedo along 4 brothers volunteered to requeté; 4 of the siblings were either killed in action or executed by the Republicans. His mother was an ardent Carlist, active in the female organization Margaritas. <mask> later claimed that growing up a Traditionalist was a natural way of maturing for him, that since childhood he participated in annual rallies at Montejurra, Montserrat or Isuskiza, and that as a boy he knew many Carlist Navarrese personalities.One of them, <mask> Marco Ilincheta, was his godfather. It is not clear what was the role of the early Republican record of his father; as a mariner he later befriended Carlist mariners, in particular Marco Ilincheta and Capitán Etayo. In his media appearances <mask> steered clear of political, ideological or religious issues and has never been subject to any related controversy. His appeal remained ambiguous. On the one hand, the threads related to crossing cultural frontiers, ecology and combating prejudice might have evoked left-wing

masks:
Aldaz
Pedro de
la Quadra
Estanislao
de la
Aldaz
Amadeo
Aldaz


texts: leaning; on the other, the focus on Hispanidad, stress on discipline and male virtues might have appealed to the right-wing audience. The ambiguity commenced to fade away in 2013, when <mask> started to appear as a Carlist in the Dando caña TV program. He became a regular guest of a Ring podcast, produced by Diario Ya; he featured along attendees clearly associated with political right, like Santiago Abascal or Rafael López Dieguez.In 2014 and with few other Carlists he fielded his candidature to the European Parliament on the coalition list named Impulso Social; across Spain the list gathered around 0,1% of the votes and failed to win a single seat. In 2018 <mask> took part in the XIII Congress of Comunión Tradicionalista Carlista, one of two Traditionalist parties in Spain, and was elected secretario de Acción Social de la Comunión. In 2019 he assumed a high-profile when hosting a Carlist media event in the Madrid Gran Hotel España; it was designed as a handover between the former CTC president, María Cuervo-Arango Cienfuego-<mask>os, and the new one, Javier Garisoain Otero. His term as head of social section expired in December 2020, when CTC held its extraordinary congress; because of the Covid-19 pandemic, it was staged remotely. During the session Comunión elected its new executive and <mask> was voted as the new president of Junta Nacional; it is not clear whether he had any counter-candidates and how many votes he obtained. <mask>’ first message contained numerous religious references and declared faith in the ultimate triumph of "Santa Causa del Carlismo". In his later interviews, published already in 2021, he stated

masks: Aldaz Aldaz Jovellan Aldaz Aldaz


texts:
 that his key objectives would be to overcome internal divisions of Carlism and to “make it known”.See also

 Traditionalism
 Carlism
 <mask> <mask>-Salcedo
 Ruta Quetzal

Footnotes

Further reading

 <mask> <mask>ra Salcedo, Evocación apasionada del Carlismo en Conrad con el recuerdo del Capitán Etayo y sus tripulantes surcando el Atlántico a bordo de la Carabela "Niña III", [in:] Aportes 9/24 (1994), pp. 115–118
 <mask>, Orgullo en canoa, [in:] Cambio 16 1275 (1996), pp. 82–85

External links
 Telmo <mask> at Aunamendi Eusko Entziklopedia service
 Telmo Aldaz at YouTube service
 España Rumbo al Sur website
 Por Dios y por España, contemporary Carlist propaganda

Carlists
Complutense University of Madrid alumni
Discovery Channel people
Leaders of political parties in Spain
Politicians from Madrid
Reality television participants
Replications of ancient voyages
Spanish businesspeople
Spanish documentary filmmakers
Spanish educators
Spanish environmentalists
Spanish explorers
Spanish journalists
Spanish lawyers
Spanish male canoeists
Outdoor educators
Spanish people of Basque descent
Spanish Roman Catholics
Spanish sailors
Spanish television personalities
Spanish war correspondents
Survivalists
Travelers
University of Bordeaux alumni
1970 births
Living

masks:
Miguel de
la Quadra
Ana de
la Quad
Carla Pulin
Aldaz


texts:
<mask> (February 27, 1871 – August 22, 1952) was an American theologian. He founded and served as the first president of Dallas Theological Seminary, and was an influential proponent of Christian Dispensationalism in the early 20th century. John Hannah described <mask> as a visionary Bible teacher, a minister of the gospel, a man of prayer with strong piety. One of his students, Charles Caldwell Ryrie, who went on to become a world renowned theologian and scholar, stated that <mask> was an evangelist who was also "an eminent theologian." Biography

Early life
<mask> was born in Rock Creek, Ohio to Thomas and <mask> and was the second of three children. His father, a parson, died from tuberculosis when <mask> was 11 years old, and his mother supported the family by teaching school and keeping boarders in the family home. Chafer attended the Rock Creek Public School as a young boy, and the New Lyme Institution in New Lyme, Ohio from 1885 to 1888.Here he discovered a talent for music and choir. <mask> quit his studies at Oberlin to work with YMCA evangelist, Arthur T. Reed of Ohio. From 1889 to 1891, <mask> attended Oberlin College, where he met Ella Loraine Case. They were married April 22, 1896 and formed a traveling evangelistic music ministry, he singing or preaching and she playing the organ. Their marriage lasted until she died in 1944. Ministry
Ordained in 1900 by a Council of Congregational Ministers in the First Congregational Church in Buffalo and in 1903 he ministered as an evangelist in the Presbytery of Troy in Massachusetts and became associated with the ministry of Cyrus Scofield, who became his mentor. During this early period, <mask> began writing and developing his theology.He taught Bible classes and music at the Mount Hermon School for Boys from 1906 to 1910. He joined the Orange Presbytery in 1912 due to the increasing influence of his ministry in the south. He aided Scofield in establishing the Philadelphia School of the Bible in 1913. From 1923 to 1925, he served as general secretary of the Central American Mission. When Scofield

masks:
Lewis Sperry Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Lomira Chafer
Lewis
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer


texts:
 died in 1921, <mask> moved to Dallas, Texas to pastor the First Congregational Church of Dallas where Scofield had ministered. Then, in 1924, <mask> and his friend William Henry Griffith Thomas realized their vision of a simple, Bible-teaching theological seminary and founded Dallas Theological Seminary (originally Evangelical Theological College). <mask> served as president of the seminary and professor of Systematic Theology from 1924 until his death.He died with friends while away at a conference in Seattle, Washington in August 1952. In 1953, the newly built chapel was designated the Lewis Sperry Chafer Chapel after the recently passed leader. During his life, <mask> received three honorary doctorates: Doctor of Divinity from Wheaton in 1926, Doctor of Letters from Dallas in 1942, and Doctor of Theology from the Aix-en-Province, France, Protestant Seminary in 1946. <mask> had a tremendous influence on the evangelical movement. Among his students were Jim Rayburn, founder of Young Life (as well as many of Young Life's first staff members), Kenneth N. Taylor, author of The Living Bible translation, and numerous future Christian educators and pastors, including Howard Hendricks, J. Dwight Pentecost, Charles Caldwell Ryrie, J. Vernon McGee, and John Walvoord, who succeeded him as president of DTS. Personality
<mask> was recognized among his friends and peers for his balanced, simple life. He was a well-spoken and relaxed leader and was not a fire and brimstone preacher.<mask> believed the basic truths for Christian living are found in , a chapter which teaches about peace, grace, weakness, hope, sacrifice, love, and joy. In recognition of this, Dallas Theological Seminary offers a commencement award, the <mask> Chafer Award, every year to the graduating master's student who: "in the judgment of the faculty because of his well‐balanced Christian character, scholarship, and spiritual leadership, best embodies and portrays the ideals of Dallas Theological Seminary." An additional award, the Lorrain Chafer Award, is awarded to the graduating

masks:
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Lewis Sperry


texts:
 international master's student who: "in the judgment of the faculty, best evidences well‐balanced Christian character, scholarship, and spiritual leadership." The Dallas Seminary Foundation has also set up a charitable giving program called the <mask> <mask> Legacy, recognizing the graciousness in <mask>'s life. Theology
<mask> is widely recognized as one of the founders of modern Dispensationalism and was vehemently opposed to covenant theology. Yet, he did not reject the idea of a covenant of redemption, covenant of works, and covenant of grace. He affirmed all three along with the Edenic, Adamic, Noahic, Abrahamic, Mosaic, Palestinian, Davidic, and New Covenant.He was a premillennial, pretribulational dispensationalist. His overall theology could be generally described as based on the inductive study of the entire Bible, having similarities to John Nelson Darby of the Plymouth Brethren, moderate Calvinism (rejected limited atonement), a mild form of Keswick Theology on Sanctification, and Presbyterianism, all of these tempered with a focus on spirituality based on simple Bible study and living. <mask>'s theology has been the subject of much study and debate in and out of the theological community since his death, especially on the two larger topics of dispensationalism and Christian Zionism, specifically that the Jews are a people called unto God with a separate historical purpose and plan from the Church. Writings

In 1933, Dallas acquired the periodical Bibliotheca Sacra and began publishing it in 1934. <mask> wrote about 70 articles for this journal (see external links below). In 1947, after 10 years of work, he completed his Systematic Theology in eight volumes. This was the first time that a premillennial, dispensational framework of Christian theology had been systematized into a single format.The books were so popular that it sold out the first printing in six months and needed a third printing within two years. The series has been printed many times since by a number of publishing houses. <mask>'s Systematic Theology is a standard

masks:
Lewis Sperry
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer
Chafer


texts:
 dispensational systematic theology at Dallas Theological Seminary. <mask> <mask> wrote, "These pages represent what has been, and is, taught in the classrooms of the Dallas Theological Seminary". It has been claimed that "This is the definitive work to use in understanding what Dispensationalism teaches and believes. If you are going to use “straw men” to defeat dispensational theorists, make sure your scarecrow favors <mask> <mask>." Selected publications
Many of <mask>'s books have been reprinted multiple times by several different publishing houses.Some of these include:

True Evangelism, 1911
The Kingdom in History and Prophecy, 1915. Salvation: A Clear Doctrinal Analysis, 1917. Reprint, 1955. Seven Biblical Signs of the Times, 1919
He That is Spiritual, 1918. Reprint, 1967. True Evangelism: Winning Souls by Prayer, 1919. Reprint, 1978.Satan: His Motive and Methods, 1919. Reprint, 1964. Must We Dismiss the Millennium? 1921
Grace: The Glorious Theme, 1922. Reprint, 1950. Major Bible Themes, 1926. Reprint, 1974.The Epistle to the Ephesians, 1935. Reprint, 1991. Systematic Theology, 1947. Reprint, 1993. His Systematic Theology includes, practically word-for-word, some of his other works. References

External links

Biographical
Celebrating 80 Years: Highlights from the History of Dallas Theological Seminary, 1924-2004 Dallas Theological Seminary exhibit, 2005. Chafer material online

<mask> <mask> written lectures and readable books online.The Fundamentals of Grace by <mask> <mask>. Journal of the Grace Evangelical Society, Autumn 1994. The Terms of Salvation by <mask> <mask>. Journal of the Grace Evangelical Society, Autumn 1988. The Church Which Is His Body by <mask> <mask>. Excerpt from The Kingdom in History and Prophecy, 1915. <mask> <mask> links to various writings.American theologians
American Christian Zionists
1871 births
1952 deaths
American Congregationalist ministers
American evangelicals
Leaders of Christian parachurch organizations
Christian writers
20th-century Congregationalist ministers
Wheaton College (Illinois)

masks:
Lewis Sperry
Chafer
Lewis Sperry
Chafer
Chafer
Lewis Sperry
Chafer
Lewis Sperry
Chafer
Lewis Sperry
Chafer
Lewis Sperry
Chafer
Lewis Sperry
Chafer


texts:
<mask> (born <mask>, November 4, 1937) is an American stage and television actress known for her character roles. Swit is best known for her portrayal of Major Margaret "Hot Lips" Houlihan on M*A*S*H, for which she won two Emmy Awards. Early life
<mask> was born in Passaic, New Jersey to Lester and Nellie Szwed (née Kassack), who were both of Polish descent. Her father was a salesman and upholsterer. Swit's brother, Robert, was six years and one day her senior. As a child, Swit was a member of a Girl Scout troop sponsored by the Holy Rosary R.C. Church of Passaic known as the Holy Rosary Scouts.She graduated from Pope Pius XII High School in Passaic in 1955, where she had been a cheerleader, taken part in theatrical productions, and was co-captain of the women's basketball team. She graduated from Katharine Gibbs School in Montclair in June 1957, then was employed at a variety of clerical jobs including as a stenographer in Bloomfield, personal secretary to Elsa Maxwell, secretary to the ambassador from Ghana to the United Nations, and at the American Rocket Society in New York City while developing her acting career. She studied drama with Gene Frankel in Manhattan in New York City and considered him her acting coach. She regularly returned to his studio to speak with aspiring actors throughout her career. Swit is also a singer, having trained at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. Theatre
Swit's first off-broadway appearance was in the Actor's Playhouse production of "An Enemy of the People." In 1961, Swit landed a role in the Circle in the Square production of "The Balcony" written by Jean Genet and produced by José Quintero.In 1967, Swit toured with the national company of Any Wednesday, starring Gardner McKay. She continued as one of the Pigeon sisters opposite

masks:
Loretta Jane Swit
Loretta Szwed
Loretta Swit


texts:
 Don Rickles and Ernest Borgnine in a Los Angeles run of The Odd Couple. In 1975, Swit played in Same Time, Next Year on Broadway opposite Ted Bessell. She also performed on Broadway in The Mystery of Edwin Drood. From there, she played Agnes Gooch in the Las Vegas version of Mame, starring Susan Hayward and later, Celeste Holm. She has played Shirley Valentine, a one-woman play, since the 1990s into the 2010s, appearing in a variety of locales and revivals. In October–November 2003, she starred as the title character in North Carolina Theatre's production of Mame in Raleigh, North Carolina.In August–September 2010, Swit starred in the world premiere of the Mark Miller play, Amorous Crossings, at the Alhambra Dinner Theatre in Jacksonville, Florida, directed by Todd Booth. In 2017, Swit appeared in Six Dance Lessons in Six Weeks in Buffalo, New York. Television
When Swit arrived in Hollywood in 1969, she performed guest roles in various television series, including Hawaii Five-O (her first TV credit), Gunsmoke, Mission: Impossible, and Mannix. M*A*S*H

Starting in 1972, Swit played the lusty, extremely capable head nurse Major Margaret "Hot Lips" Houlihan in the television series M*A*S*H, a comedy set in a US Mobile Army Surgical Hospital during the Korean War. Swit inherited the star-making role from actress Sally Kellerman, who portrayed Houlihan in the feature film. In the first few seasons her character was single and blindly patriotic, and she had no friends among the camp surgeons and nurses, with the notable exception of her married lover, Major Frank Burns, portrayed by Larry Linville. Over time her character was considerably softened.She married a lieutenant-colonel but divorced soon after. She became good friends with her fellow officers, and her attitude


texts:
 towards the Koreans in and around the camp became more enlightened. The change reflected that of the series in general, from absurdist dark humor to mature comedy-drama. Swit was one of only four cast members to stay for all 11 seasons of the show, from 1972 to 1983 (the others are Alan Alda, Jamie Farr, and William Christopher). Swit and Alda were the only actors to have been in both the pilot episode and the finale; she appeared in all but 11 of the total of 256 episodes. Swit received two Emmy Awards for her work on M*A*S*H.

Her favorite episodes are "Hot Lips & Empty Arms", "Margaret's Engagement" and "The Nurses". She also had a close relationship with Harry Morgan, who played Colonel Sherman T. Potter.They became neighbors after the series ended, until his death on December 7, 2011. Swit continues to stay close to Alda, along with his wife, three daughters and seven grandchildren. Cagney & Lacey
In 1981, Swit played the Christine Cagney role in the movie pilot for the television series Cagney & Lacey but was precluded by contractual obligations from continuing the role. Actress Meg Foster portrayed Cagney for the first six episodes of the television series, then Sharon Gless took over the role. Other TV work
Swit also guest-starred in shows such as Bonanza, The Love Boat, Win, Lose or Draw, Password, Gunsmoke, Match Game, Pyramid, The Muppet Show and Hollywood Squares. On one episode of Match Game, Swit wrote the Polish greeting "Dzień dobry" (even with the diacritical mark) on her card during the introduction. She also starred in Christmas programs such as the television version of The Best Christmas Pageant Ever and 1987's PBS special A Christmas Calendar.In 1988 she hosted "Korean War-The Untold Story", a documentary on the true events of the war and went to


texts:
 South Korea to film it, becoming the first M*A*S*H cast member to actually visit the country outside of Jamie Farr and Alan Alda who both served there in the mid 1950s while members of the U.S Army. In 1992, she hosted the 26-part series Those Incredible Animals on the Discovery Channel. Swit's latest appearance was on GSN Live on October 10, 2008. She was also in the TV movie The Last Day, 1975, with Richard Widmark and Robert Conrad. Swit guest-starred with Mike Connors in Mannix, Episode 78, Season 4, "Figures in a Landscape", written by Paul Krasny Directed by Donn Mullally originally airing on October 10, 1970. Mannix Program Information

Swit guest-starred in Hawaii Five-O episode "Bait Once, Bait Twice", January 4, 1972. She also played Wanda Russell in the Hawaii Five-0 episode titled Three Dead Cows at Makapuu which aired February 25, 1970.Filmography

Film

Television

Personal life

Swit married actor Dennis Holahan in 1983 and divorced him in 1995. Holahan played Per Johannsen, a Swedish diplomat who became briefly involved with Swit's character in an episode of M*A*S*H.

Swit wrote a book on needlepoint, titled A Needlepoint Scrapbook. Awards and honors
In 1991, she won the Sarah Siddons Award for her work in Chicago theatre. Swit received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1989. Bibliography

References

External links

1937 births
20th-century American actresses
Actresses from New Jersey
American Academy of Dramatic Arts alumni
American film actresses
American people of Polish descent
American stage actresses
American television actresses
Living people
Outstanding Performance by a Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series Primetime Emmy Award winners
Writers from Passaic, New Jersey
People from Passaic, New Jersey
21st-century American


texts:
<mask> (previously: Hooper; born 11 February 1945 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is an American linguist and professor emerita at the University of New Mexico. Much of her work concerns grammaticalization, stochastics, modality, morphology, and phonology. <mask> is best known for proposing the theory of Usage-based phonology and for her contributions to cognitive and historical linguistics. Contributions to linguistic theory
<mask>'s earliest work in linguistics was framed within a Generative perspective, the dominant theoretical approach to phonology at the time. As her career developed, <mask>'s contributions moved progressively from formalist theories towards a functional and cognitive perspective, incorporating insights from morphology, semantics, syntax, child language acquisition and historical linguistics. Generative work (1970s)

Natural Generative Phonology
In the early and mid-70's, <mask> proposed that the connection between the abstract phonological representation of a word and the actual forms experienced by language users was a more direct one than previously postulated. Her theory of Natural Generative Phonology, elaborated upon and expanded the work of Theo Vennemann, proposing less abstract mental representations of sound structure while arguing for greater proximity between phonetic and phonological forms.Although belonging to a formalist tradition, <mask>'s early work already contained elements that challenged the performance/competence model that underlay all Generative assumptions. Natural Generative Phonology proposed that the mental representation of language results from speakers’ exposure to actual language in use. The proposal that the structure of language derives from actual communication rather than from abstract rules wired in the brain represented a major departure from the mainstream linguistics, an idea <mask> pursued in all her subsequent work. Morphology
In 1985, <mask> published her influential volume Morphology: A study of the Relation between Meaning and

masks:
Joan Lea Bybee
Bybee
Bybee
Bybee
Bybee
Bybee
Bybee
Bybee


texts:
 Form, in which she uncovered semantic regularities across 50 genetically and geographically diverse languages. These meaning similarities manifest themselves in recurring cross-linguistic patterns in morphological systems with respect to tense, aspect and mood. This work runs counter to Chomskyan generative theory, which describes grammar as an independent module of the brain that works in an abstract manner completely detached from semantic considerations. Cognitive linguistics
Alongside linguists Dan Slobin and Carol Moder, <mask>'s work helped popularize the concept of mental schemas (or schemata) to explain grammatical structure, especially in terms of connections between morphological forms within a paradigm.Bybee defines schemas as "an emergent generalization over words having similar patterns of semantic and phonological connections". For instance, the English irregular verbs snuck, struck, strung, spun and hung are connected through a schema that builds on similarities between these verbs and across the lexicon: the meaning of past tense, the vowel [ʌ],  the final nasal and/or (sequence of) velar consonants, as well as the initial fricative consonant /s/ or /h/. Connections between individual forms and schemas exist in a network (see below) whose links can be strengthened, weakened and at times also severed or created. According to Bybee, the force that binds the links in a network is actual language usage. The Network Model
Informed by studies child language development, morphological change and psycholinguistic experimentation, <mask> proposed in the late 1980s and early 1990s a model to account for the cognitive representation of morphologically complex words: the Network Model. Words entered in the lexicon have varying degrees of lexical strength, due primarily to their token frequency. Words with high lexical strength are easy to access, serve as the bases of morphological relations and exhibit an autonomy that makes them resistant to change and prone to semantic

masks: Bybee Bybee


texts:
 independence.Grammaticalization
Diachronic studies figure prominently in <mask>'s body of work. Specifically, her work has explored the ways in which grammar emerges through language use via grammaticalization. Grammaticalization describes the concept that individual words or constructions may come to express abstract grammatical meaning (e.g. future tense) as users increasingly pair frequent words with a given meaning. Honors
<mask> served as president of the Linguistic Society of America in 2004. Key publications
Hooper, <mask>. 1976.An Introduction to Natural Generative Phonology. New York: Academic Press. <mask>, <mask>. 1985. Morphology: A Study of the Relation between Meaning and Form. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. (Korean translation by Seongha Rhee and Hyun Jung Koo. Seoul: Hankook Publishing Company, 2000.)<mask>, <mask>, Revere Perkins and William Pagliuca. 1994. The Evolution of Grammar: Tense, Aspect and Modality in the Languages of the World. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. <mask>, <mask>. 2001. Phonology and Language Use.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <mask>, <mask>. 2005. "Language change and universals" in Linguistic Universals, edited by Ricardo Mairal and Juana Gil. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <mask>, <mask>. 2006.Frequency of Use and the Organization of Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <mask>, <mask>. 2010. Language, Usage and Cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <mask>, <mask>.2015. Language Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <mask> <mask>: "Irrealis" as a Grammatical Category. Anthropological linguistics 40 NO. 2 (1998), pp. 257–271

References

External links
 Homepage
 Biographical information.omnilexica.com

Linguists from the United States
Living people
Women linguists
Morphologists
University of New Mexico faculty
University of Texas at Austin alumni
San Diego State University alumni
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Fellows of the Cognitive Science Society
1945 births
Linguistic Society of

masks:
Bybee
Bybee
Joan B
Bybee
Joan L
Bybee
Joan
Bybee
Joan
Bybee
Joan
Bybee
Joan
Bybee
Joan
Bybee
Joan
Joan Lea
Bybee


texts:
Amy Christine Dumas (; born April 14, 1975), better known by her ring name <mask>, is an American professional wrestler. She is currently signed with WWE. Often regarded as one of the greatest women's performers, she is also one of the most popular female superstars in World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2014. Initially using the name of Angelica, Dumas started her wrestling career in Mexico with the Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) in 1998, followed by briefly working on the US independent circuit in early 1999, and then working for 6 months in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW). Dumas then signed with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, later WWE) in August 1999, debuting in February 2000 as <mask>. Originally, she was paired with Essa Rios, but she achieved her greatest push alongside Matt and Jeff Hardy as Team Xtreme, and in 2005–2006 was a heel wrestler, including as a manager to Edge. She is a four-time WWE Women's Champion.After her first retirement in 2006, she formed the punk rock band The Luchagors. The band released their self-titled debut album on September 11, 2007. Early life
Amy Christine Dumas was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida to Christine and Michael Dumas on April 14, 1975. She attended many different schools around Florida throughout her childhood and adolescent years and managed to finish high school at Lassiter High School near Atlanta six months before graduation. She majored in education at Georgia State University, but dropped out in 1993 because she felt it was too much like high school.

masks: Lita Lita


texts:
 Later, in Washington, D.C., Dumas played bass guitar in several bands, and worked as a roadie for a band. Professional wrestling career

Early career (1997–1999)
Dumas first became interested in wrestling after watching Rey Mysterio Jr., a Mexican-American luchador, wrestle on an episode of World Championship Wrestling's (WCW) Monday Nitro.She traveled to Mexico in 1997 to learn more about the sport and how to wrestle. Dumas financed her training by dancing in a club under the pseudonym Misty. During her stay in Mexico, Dumas trained under numerous wrestlers, including El Dandy, Kevin Quinn and Ricky Santana. Following the completion of her training, Dumas made several appearances with the Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre in 1998, under the ring name of Angelica. After returning to the United States, Dumas continued working as a valet on the independent circuit as Angelica. She made her wrestling debut in a match against indie wrestler Strawberry Fields on January 9, 1999, where she won the match. She worked in Maryland Championship Wrestling (MCW), at one point managing Christopher Daniels.She also made appearances in NWA Mid-Atlantic, where she first met Matt and Jeff Hardy, who offered to train with her. Extreme Championship Wrestling (1999)

In April 1999, Dumas was approached by Paul Heyman, the owner and booker of Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW). Dumas debuted in ECW as Miss Congeniality, the on-screen girlfriend of Danny Doring. Dumas later began using the name Angelica once again and made her pay-per-view debut on July 18 at Heat Wave where Doring, as part


texts:
 of their storyline, proposed to her with a condom. Dumas was introduced to veteran wrestler Dory Funk, Jr. by ECW wrestler Rob Van Dam, and Funk invited her to attend his wrestling school, The Funkin' Conservatory. Dumas attended Funk's school alongside twenty-three men, graduated from the school in August 1999, and returned to ECW. Meanwhile, Funk and his wife compiled video footage of Dumas and sent it to the World Wrestling Federation.The Federation was sufficiently impressed, and on August 1, 1999, Dumas was signed to a WWF developmental deal. After six months with ECW, she made her final appearance on October 23, 1999, at Re-enter the Sandman. World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment

Debut (1999–2000)

Dumas debuted on the July 5, 1999, episode of Raw Is War as part of The Godfather's Ho-Train. After honing her skills at the Memphis Championship Wrestling developmental territory, Dumas was given the ring name Lita and paired with luchador Essa Rios. <mask> and Rios made their WWF debut on the February 13, 2000, episode of Sunday Night Heat, where Rios was booked to win the WWF Light Heavyweight Championship from Gillberg (it was only by watching the episode that the two learned their new ring names, decided post-production). Lita mimicked his moves, notably the moonsault and hurricanrana, immediately after he had performed them on an opponent. Essa Rios and <mask> had a feud with Eddie Guerrero and Chyna which led to a European title match between Ríos and then-champion Guerrero at Backlash.In May 2000, a storyline was developed in which <mask> found Rios

masks: Lita Lita Lita


texts:
 cavorting with The Godfather and his "hos", causing tension between them. Rios eventually turned on <mask> by powerbombing her after she inadvertently cost him a match with the Hardy Boyz coming to her rescue. Team Xtreme (2000–2002)
As a member of Team Xtreme, Lita developed a more "alternative" image, wearing baggy pants with a thong, which was hiked up high above her pants, clearly exposed- right after she joined Team Xtreme, her popularity skyrocketed. During her time with Team Xtreme, Lita became the only female to ever be physically involved in Tables, Ladders, and Chairs matches in the WWF, effectively interfering at TLC I at Summerslam and TLC II at WrestleMania X-Seven on the Hardy Boyz’ behalf- but her interference was often short lived as she was brutally Speared at ringside by Edge and 3-D’ed by the Dudley Boyz. In June 2000, Team Xtreme began a storyline with T & A (Test and Albert), with Lita engaging in a rivalry with their manager, Trish Stratus. The rivalry developed into an off and on long-term feud between the two women that lasted until Stratus retired in 2006. The storyline ended shortly after Fully Loaded, where Lita pinned Stratus in a six-person intergender tag team match.The two rivals were then part of the main event of the July 31, 2000, edition of Raw in <mask>'s hometown of Atlanta, which was a tag team match between <mask> & The Rock vs Stratus & Triple H, which <mask> and The Rock won. Subsequently, Lita began feuding with WWF Women's Champion Stephanie McMahon-Helmsley after winning the first-ever women's battle royal against the likes

masks: Lita Lita Lita Lita


texts: of Ivory, Jacqueline, Terri and The Kat. In the main event of the August 21, 2000, episode of Raw is War (her second main event in 3 weeks), Lita defeated Stephanie with a moonsault to win the Women's Championship for the first time, with The Rock as special guest referee. Lita held the Women's Championship for 73 days, which included retaining her title in a hardcore match against Jacqueline on October 9. In the course of her reign, Lita became embroiled in the storyline feud between the Hardy Boyz and Edge and Christian. In retaliation for her frequent interference in their matches, Edge and Christian cost Lita the Women's Championship by side-slamming her into the mat, helping Ivory to defeat her in a four-way match on the November 2 episode of SmackDown! Ivory was in a conservative-based stable named Right to Censor at that time, which targeted Lita for her attire and moves.<mask> attempted to regain the title on several occasions, wrestling Ivory in a match at Survivor Series where Ivory cut Lita's lower forehead open with her boot heel and she bled heavily, and then another match at Rebellion but Lita was thwarted on each occasion by Stevie Richards, Ivory's mentor. She spent the remainder of the year in a storyline with would-be suitor Dean Malenko, on one occasion unsuccessfully challenging him for the WWF Light Heavyweight Championship. Even after repeated rejections from Lita followed by savage beatings by the Hardy Boyz, Malenko was undeterred in his quest to win Lita's affections. Lita continued to feud with Dean Malenko in early 2001, and she defeated him


texts: in a singles bout on the February 19 episode of Raw is War with the assistance of Matt Hardy. Following the match, Hardy kissed Lita, beginning their on-screen relationship and turning their real-life romance into a storyline. On the April 9 edition of Raw is War, she took part in another WWF main event as part of Team Xtreme against a tag team of Stephanie McMahon-Helmsley and the Two Man Power Trip (Stone Cold Steve Austin and Triple H). They won the match, but Lita took a brutal beating after the match, where she was Pedigreed by Triple H, and Austin hit her 4 times in the back with a steel-folding chair and finished her off with a Stunner; Austin had just turned heel and this was an attempt to generate even more heat towards the ultra-popular wrestler by beating up the most popular female wrestler in the WWF at the time.In July 2001, <mask> and Trish Stratus joined forces to combat Stacy Keibler and Torrie Wilson, members of The Alliance: Extreme Championship Wrestling and World Championship Wrestling wrestlers who were invading the WWF as part of The Invasion storyline. At the Invasion pay-per-view on July 22, <mask> and Stratus defeated Keibler and Wilson in the first ever tag team bra and panties match by stripping their opponents to their underwear. Throughout The Invasion, <mask>, Stratus, and Jacqueline feuded with Alliance members Keibler, Wilson, Ivory, and Mighty Molly. The Invasion storyline ended on November 18 at Survivor Series, where <mask> took part in a six-pack challenge for the WWF Women's Championship, which had been vacated by Chyna earlier that