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<mask> (born 8 July 1991) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for  club Liverpool and the Netherlands national team. Considered one of the best defenders in the world, <mask> is known for his strength, leadership and aerial ability. He is the only defender to win UEFA Men's Player of the Year, and has finished runner-up for the Ballon d'Or and Best FIFA Men's Player. After beginning his professional career with Groningen, <mask> moved to Celtic in 2013, where he won the Scottish Premiership and was named in the PFA Scotland Team of the Year in both of his seasons with the club, also winning the Scottish League Cup in the latter. In 2015, he joined Southampton before signing for Liverpool in January 2018 for £75 million, a then-world-record transfer fee for a defender. With Liverpool, <mask> reached back-to-back UEFA Champions League finals in 2018 and 2019, winning the latter. He was also named PFA Players' Player of the Year and the Premier League Player of the Season in his first full season.<mask> later won the FIFA Club World Cup and UEFA Super Cup, and helped end the club's 30-year league title drought by winning the 2019–20 Premier League. <mask> is a former youth international for the Netherlands, representing his country at under-19 and under-21 levels. He made his senior international debut for the Netherlands in 2015 and assumed full captaincy of the national team in March 2018. The following year, <mask> captained the Netherlands to the final of the inaugural UEFA Nations League, where they finished runners-up. Early life
<mask> was born in Breda to a Dutch father and a Surinamese mother. Growing up he would play football wherever he could – on the streets,

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 in concrete cages, and eventually Saturday morning matches. He combined his time playing at the Willem II academy with a part-time job as a dishwasher.Having previously and unsuccessfully featured as a right-back, <mask> was shifted into a central defensive position in 2008, aged 17, after he grew in height by around 18 centimetres. Despite the positional shift and <mask>'s physical growth, Willem II's reserve manager at the time Edwin Hermans believed he had "too many limitations" which prevented him from breaking into the first team. In 2010, he was scouted by former Dutch international Martin Koeman, who was working for FC Groningen at the time, and he ended up completing a free transfer to the club in the same year. Club career

Groningen
Van Dijk initially struggled to break into Groningen's first team with club staff believing he was "overtired" after extensive playing time with Willem II's academy and reserve sides. He made his professional debut for the club on 1 May 2011, coming on as a 72nd-minute substitute for Petter Andersson during a 4–2 victory against ADO Den Haag. On 29 May, and against the same opposition, he made his first start for Groningen and scored his first professional goals, netting twice in a 5–1 win in a UEFA Europa League play-off match. During the 2011–12 Eredivisie season, <mask> made 23 league appearances for the Eredivisie team, and scored his first regular-season goal during the club's 6–0 victory over Feyenoord on 30 October 2011.He suffered a personal setback during the campaign, however, as soon after his 20th birthday he was admitted to hospital with peritonitis and kidney poisoning. <mask> later revealed that he had been close to dying as a result of the

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 medical emergency and that the hospital had even gone so far as to ask him to sign a "sort of will" in the event of his passing. He did, however, return to Groningen and continued to impress the following season. At the end of the campaign, and with <mask> having "outgrown" the club, he was offered to a number of bigger Eredivisie clubs, including Ajax, all of which elected not to sign him. Celtic

2013–14 season
On 21 June 2013, <mask> signed with Celtic for a fee of around £2.6 million, on a four-year deal including a 10% selling-on fee for Groningen. He made his debut on 17 August, replacing Efe Ambrose for the final 13 minutes of a 2–0 Scottish Premiership win over Aberdeen at Pittodrie Stadium. A week later, he made his first start, in a 2–2 draw with Inverness Caledonian Thistle at Celtic Park.On 9 November, <mask> scored his first Celtic goals, heading one in each half of a 4–1 win against Ross County. After a solo run, he scored the only goal of a victory over St Johnstone on 26 December. <mask> scored again on 26 January 2014, in a 4–0 win versus Hibernian for Celtic's 11th consecutive league win. On 25 February, he was sent off after 13 minutes of an eventual 2–1 loss at Aberdeen, for a professional foul on Peter Pawlett; it was Celtic's first defeat of the season. With Celtic having already won the league, <mask> netted again on 7 May to put his team 3–1 up away to St Johnstone, in an eventual 3–3 draw. He was one of three Celtic players named in the PFA Scotland Team of the Year. <mask> was nominated for the PFA Scotland Players' Player of the Year award, but lost out to fellow Celtic player Kris Commons.2014–15 season

On 22 July 2014, <mask> and Teemu Pukki each scored twice in a

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texts: 4–0 home win over KR in a UEFA Champions League qualifier, putting their team into the next round 5–0 on aggregate. His first goal of the Premiership season came on 9 November, finishing from Stefan Johansen's last-minute corner for a 2–1 win at Aberdeen. Three weeks later, <mask> scored the first and last goals of Celtic's 4–0 win versus Heart of Midlothian in the fourth round of the Scottish Cup. Four days after that, his sixth goal of the season was enough for victory in a home match against Glasgow neighbours Partick Thistle. <mask> was again on target on 21 January 2015, opening a 4–0 home win over Motherwell. On 26 February, he was sent off in the 36th minute against Inter Milan for a foul on Mauro Icardi, as Celtic lost 1–0 on the night, 4–3 on aggregate in the last 32 of the UEFA Europa League. He was again sent off on 8 March in the Cup quarter-final away to Dundee United at Tannadice Park, receiving a red card after eleven minutes for a confrontation with Calum Butcher.His suspension for the following week's Scottish League Cup Final was overturned on appeal, as was that of Paul Paton, who was sent off when mistaken for Butcher. <mask> played the full 90 minutes of the final at Hampden Park, which Celtic won 2–0. On 18 March, Celtic's third consecutive match against Dundee United, <mask> scored in the last minute to confirm a 4–0 win in a Cup replay. On 19 April, Celtic contested the Cup semi-final against Inverness at Hampden, and <mask> opened the scoring with a free kick. After the dismissal of goalkeeper Craig Gordon, Celtic fell 3–2, ending their chance of a treble. Three days later, again from a free kick, he confirmed a 2–1 win away to Dundee. His team again won the league, and

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 <mask> was included in the league's Team of the Season for the second consecutive campaign.He was again shortlisted for the PFA Scotland Players' Player award, but lost out to another teammate, this time Stefan Johansen. <mask> was reportedly "considering his future" in Glasgow after Celtic were knocked out of the 2015–16 UEFA Champions League in the qualifying rounds to Malmö of Sweden. Southampton

2015–16 season
On 1 September 2015, <mask> signed a five-year contract with Premier League club Southampton, managed by Ronald Koeman, for a reported £13 million transfer fee. He made his debut for Southampton on 12 September in a 0–0 draw against West Bromwich Albion at The Hawthorns. Two weeks later, <mask> marked his third Premier League appearance with his first goal for the club, which came in the form of a header in the 11th minute to put Southampton in front, following a set-piece from James Ward-Prowse in a 3–1 home win over Swansea City. On 7 May 2016, <mask> signed a new six-year contract with the Saints. 2016–17 season
On 22 January 2017, he was named team captain of Southampton, after the departure of José Fonte.On the same day, he suffered an ankle injury against Leicester City. This ruled him out of the 2017 EFL Cup Final, which Southampton lost to Manchester United at Wembley Stadium. After a successful 2016–17 season at Southampton, <mask> was subject to interest from Liverpool, who apologised to Southampton for an illegal approach for the player after having reportedly made clear his interest in a move to Liverpool. On 7 August 2017, <mask> handed in a transfer request to Southampton and released a statement along with it, emphasising his wish to join a different club in the


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 transfer window. 2017–18 season
<mask> remained with Southampton for the start of the 2017–18 season and made his first appearance since being injured in January, coming on as a late substitute in a 1–0 victory at Crystal Palace on 26 September. He made what turned out to be his final appearance for Southampton on 13 December 2017, in a 4–1 home defeat to Leicester. It was also his last appearance in any of Southampton's matchday squads, as he was omitted from the squad for the rest of his tenure at the club in light of speculation surrounding his future.Liverpool

2017–18 season

On 27 December 2017, it was announced that <mask> would join Liverpool when the winter transfer window opened on 1 January 2018 for a reported fee of £75 million. Former club Celtic would receive 10% of <mask>'s transfer fee, due to a sell-on clause placed in his Southampton contract. Southampton claimed the undisclosed transfer fee would constitute a world record fee in football for a defender. He made his debut for Liverpool on 5 January in the third round of the FA Cup and scored the winning goal with a late header in a 2–1 victory against local rivals Everton. In doing so, he became the first player since Bill White in 1901 to score on his debut in the Merseyside derby. <mask> and Dejan Lovren built a strong partnership at the heart of Liverpool's defence, with the Dutchman being credited for improving Liverpool's previous defensive issues. <mask> was included in the UEFA Champions League Squad of the Season, despite playing just half of the season in the Champions League, with the UEFA Technical Observers saying: "<mask> arrived at Anfield and provided composure and stability in the competition's knockout

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 stages."<mask> played the full 90 minutes in the 2018 UEFA Champions League Final against Real Madrid, which Liverpool lost 1–3. <mask> played 22 games in all competitions in his first season with the club, scoring once. 2018–19 season
On 20 August 2018, <mask> was voted man of the match by BBC Sport and Sky Sports for his performance in a 2–0 win over Crystal Palace. <mask> received the Liverpool Player of the Month award for his performances in August. On 2 December, <mask> was awarded an assist for the winning goal in a derby match against city rivals Everton. Liverpool won 1–0 thanks to Divock Origi's 96th-minute goal, set up by a <mask> volley and a subsequent error from Everton goalkeeper Jordan Pickford. The Dutchman was ultimately awarded the PFA Player of the Month for November 2018.On 21 December, <mask> scored his first goal in the Premier League for Liverpool in a 2–0 away win against Wolverhampton Wanderers. The Dutchman continued his impressive form in the 2018–19 season by winning the Premier League Player of the Month prize for December 2018. On 27 February 2019, <mask> scored twice in a 5–0 win against Watford. The following month, he scored once - his first goal in the Champions League for the club - and assisted another in a 3–1 win over Bayern Munich. In doing so, he became the first player since Craig Bellamy in 2007 to score and assist a goal for Liverpool in a knock-out stage match away from home in the competition. On 20 April, he was one of six players nominated for the PFA Players' Player of the Year award alongside teammate Sadio Mané. Four days later, he was named in the PFA Team of the Year alongside Liverpool teammates, Trent Alexander-Arnold, Mané and Andrew

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 Robertson.On 28 April 2019, he was named the PFA Players' Player of the Year. Following Liverpool's 2–0 victory over Tottenham in the 2019 UEFA Champions League Final on 1 June, <mask> was named UEFA's man of the match. 2019–20 season

In August 2019, <mask> won UEFA player of the year award. On 2 September 2019, he was shortlisted in the final three of the best FIFA football awards. On 23 September 2019, he was voted runner up in The Best FIFA Men's Player and into the FIFA FIFpro Men's World 11. In October 2019, <mask> was shortlisted as one in 30 football players for the Ballon d'Or. At the event in December, he finished runner-up behind Lionel Messi.On 21 December 2019, after missing the semi-final of the 2019 FIFA Club World Cup with illness, <mask> played in the final against Flamengo with Liverpool winning the trophy for the first time in the club’s history. <mask> received further recognition following the turn of the year, when he was named in the 2019 UEFA Team of the Year. On 19 January 2020, <mask> scored his first North-West Derby goal against Manchester United in Liverpool’s 2–0 win at Anfield in the Premier League. Over the course of the 2019–20 domestic campaign, <mask> started and completed every minute for Liverpool. 2020–21 season
On 12 September 2020, <mask> scored a headed goal against Leeds United on the opening day of the new season. On 17 October, he was substituted in the sixth minute of the Merseyside derby after a challenge from Everton goalkeeper Jordan Pickford. On the following day, it was announced that he had suffered an ACL injury in his right knee and would undergo surgery.<mask> was expected to be out from six to twelve months. On 30 October it was announced

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 that the surgery on his injuries had been successful. Dutch national team coach Frank de Boer had hoped that <mask> would be able to make his return before the 2020 European Football Championship, <mask> however decided that he should continue his rehabilitation so he could start the next season fully fit. 2021–22 season
<mask> made his first appearance in over nine months on 29 July 2021, coming on as a second-half substitute in a preseason friendly against Hertha BSC. On 13 August 2021, <mask> signed a new four-year contract, keeping him at the club until 2025. His first goal for Liverpool in over 14 months came against his former club Southampton, when he hit a volley from a corner. On 27 February 2022, <mask> was named Man of the Match for the 2022 EFL Cup Final, as he scored a penalty to help Liverpool defeat Chelsea, winning his first domestic cup with the club.International career
<mask> made his full international debut for Netherlands on 10 October 2015, in a 2–1 victory away from home against Kazakhstan in a UEFA Euro 2016 qualifier. He was awarded the captaincy of his country by manager Ronald Koeman on 22 March 2018, and his first match as captain was a 1–0 home friendly defeat by England the next day. On 26 March, he scored his first international goal to conclude a 3–0 win over European champions Portugal at the Stade de Genève. On 13 October, he scored in a 3–0 win over 2014 World Cup champions Germany in the UEFA Nations League. More importantly, he scored the equaliser in the next match with Germany, after assistant coach Dwight Lodeweges sent him a small paper note during a break, with the request to play forward in the last minutes of the game. The goal enabled the


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 Netherlands to win the group phase of the Nations League. He later captained his country to the final which they lost 1–0 against Portugal.In May 2021, <mask> ruled himself out of playing in the postponed UEFA Euro 2020 to have enough time to recover after a long-term injury since October 2020. Style of play
<mask> is a physically strong, right-footed centre-back, who usually features on the left-hand side of central defence, although he can also play as a right-sided centre-back. He is gifted with pace, good technique, and an eye for goal, and is an effective set-piece taker. Regarding his ability, former Celtic teammate Kris Commons commented that <mask> was "comfortable on the ball", also noting that "He had good technique and a wonderful right foot. He was good on set-pieces, some of the free-kicks he scored for Celtic are absolute wonders. He could read the game well. He had an aura about him, a confidence, because I think he knew he was good."Neil McGuinness, senior scout at Celtic when <mask> was signed, called him "everything you would want if you could create a profile of the ideal central defender", praising him as a "very smooth ball-playing defender" who possesses aerial prowess, skills from dead ball situations, and "strong leadership qualities", while commenting that since his move to England, he is "more tactically aware now [...] his anticipation and timing has improved and he is a lot more of an all-rounder". McGuinness believes <mask>'s "biggest problem" is that he "can switch off when the game is comfortable". In 2018, Steve Douglas of The Globe and Mail described <mask> with the following words: "Powerful in the air, measured with the ball at his feet, quick, and with superb

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 positional sense, <mask> [sic] has it all." Dario Pergolizzi also described <mask> as a good marker in 2019. In a 2019 interview with Marca, when Lionel Messi was asked why <mask> was so difficult to beat, the Argentine responded: "He is a defender who knows how to judge his timing and wait for the right moment to challenge or jockey [the attacker]. He is very fast and big, but he has a lot of agility for his height. He is fast because of its [sic] great stride, and he is impressive both in defence and attack because he scores lots of goals."That same year, Paul Merson described <mask> as "the best in the world, and I think by a long way, as a defensive centre-half." Sponsorship
<mask> features as the cover star of the champions edition of EA Sports' FIFA video game FIFA 20. He is endorsed by sportswear company Nike. Personal life
<mask> commonly uses only his first name on the kit. According to his uncle Steven, this is because of a family feud with his father, <mask> <mask>, who abandoned his wife, <mask> and his siblings during childhood. <mask> is married to childhood sweetheart, Rike Nooitgedagt, and they have two daughters: Nila, born in 2014, and Jadi, born in 2016. According to some sources in China, <mask> has Chinese ancestry.Hellen Fo Sieeuw, his mother, is of part-Chinese descent. The Chinese surname 'Fo Sieeuw' derives from the given name of his maternal great-grandfather, Chin Fo Sieeuw (陈火秀), who emigrated from Guangdong to Suriname around 1920. website

1991 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Breda
Dutch footballers
Netherlands youth international footballers
Netherlands under-21 international footballers
Netherlands international footballers
Association football

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 defenders
Willem II (football club) players
FC Groningen players
Celtic F.C. players
Southampton F.C. players
Liverpool F.C. players
Eredivisie players
Scottish Professional Football League players
Premier League players
UEFA Champions League winning players
Dutch expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in England
Expatriate footballers in Scotland
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in England
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
Dutch people of Surinamese


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<mask> (May 27, 1903 – March 2, 1962) was an American football guard and tackle who spent 36 years as a player, coach, and aide with National Football League (NFL) teams. He was posthumously inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1966 and was named to the NFL 1920s All-Decade Team in 1969. A native of Saint Paul, Minnesota, <mask> played college football at the University of St. Thomas where he was selected as an all-state player in 1923, 1924, and 1925. He then played 13 years as a guard and tackle in the NFL with the Duluth Eskimos (1926–1927),
Pottsville Maroons (1928), Chicago Cardinals (1929–1933), Chicago Bears (1934), Green Bay Packers (1935–1936), and Pittsburgh Pirates (1937–1938). He was a first-team All-Pro in 1929, 1930, and 1932, a second-team All-Pro in 1931, and played for the Packers' 1936 NFL championship team. <mask> also spent 25 years as a coach or aide for NFL teams, including seven years as head coach of the Pittsburgh Pirates/Steelers from 1939 to 1942 and 1954 to 1956. He led the Steelers to their first winning season in 1942.He also served as co-coach of the wartime merger teams known as the Steagles in 1943 and Card-Pitt in 1944 and as line coach for the Pirates (1937–1938), Green Bay Packers (1945–1948), and Steelers (1949–1953). He retired from active coaching for health reasons in 1957 but remained an aide to the Steelers coaching staff from 1957 to 1961. Early years
<mask> was born in 1903 in Saint Paul, Minnesota. His parents, Wenzel and <mask>, were natives of Bohemia who immigrated to the United States in 1890 and 1888, respectively. Kiesling had a younger brother,

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 Edward. His father worked as a cutter in a leather works and later in a garment factory. Kiesling attended Cretin High School, a Catholic high school in Saint Paul where he played football as a tackle.He remained in Saint Paul for college, attending the University of St. Thomas. He played football at St. Thomas and was selected as an all-state player for three straight years in 1923, 1924, and 1925. He graduated in 1926 with a bachelor of science degree in mathematics. Professional football player

Duluth and Pottsville
In the fall of 1926, <mask> joined the Duluth Eskimos of the National Football League (NFL), appearing in 11 games as a tackle for a team that featured star backs Ernie Nevers and Johnny Blood. He remained in Duluth for the 1927 season, moving to the guard position and appearing in six games. <mask> joined the Pottsville Maroons for the 1927 season, starting 10 games at right guard. Chicago Cardinals
<mask> next joined the Chicago Cardinals where he played at the left guard position from 1929 to 1933.During his prime years with the Cardinals, he was recognized as one of the leading linemen in the NFL. In 1929, he started 12 games at left guard and was selected as a first-team All-Pro by Collyer's Eye magazine. In 1930, he appeared in 11 games, nine as a starter, and was selected as a first-team All-Pro in 1930 by both Collyer's Eye and the Green Bay Press-Gazette, based on the returns of ballots sent to the league's coaches, club officials, sports writers and officials,
 In 1931, he started nine games at left guards and was selected as a second-team All-Pro by the United Press, the Green Bay

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 Press-Gazette, and Collyer's Eye. In 1932, he started 10 games at left guard and was selected as a first-team All-Pro by the Associated Press. <mask> was the Cardinals' heaviest player, ranging from 235 to 260 pounds at six feet, three inches. He was reputed to be "excellent on defense and unusually shifty on offense." He was also known as "a smart guard, a sure tackler despite his bulk and adept at rushing a passer."During his NFL career, <mask> lived in Saint Paul in the off-season, operating a cafe and playing as a pitcher and outfielder for a semi-pro baseball team. He also played league baseball in Montana and Canada. Bears and Packers
In August 1934, George Halas signed Kiesling to a one-year contract with the Chicago Bears. <mask> appeared in 13 games for the Bears, only five as a starter. In August 1935, <mask> signed with the Green Bay Packers. At the time of his signing, the Green Bay Press-Gazette wrote:

Kiesling is one of the most experienced players in the pro grid game. Practically no one gains through his side of the line consistently ... Kiesling never dissipates, and trains in the year around, remaining always in top condition.<mask> appeared in 10 games for the Packers in 1935. He also appeared in eight games for the 1936 Green Bay Packers team that won the NFL championship. Coaching career

Pittsburgh Pirates/Steelers
<mask> began his coaching career at age 34 during the 1937 season as an assistant coach under Johnny Blood for the Pittsburgh Pirates (renamed the Steelers in 1940). He was also a player for the Pirates during the 1937 and 1938 seasons, appearing in a total of 12 games.

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 When Blood resigned as head coach after the team lost the first three games of the 1939 season, team owner Art Rooney hired <mask> as the team's new head coach. <mask> led the Pirates to a 1–6–1 record in the final eight games of the 1939 season. <mask> led the Steelers to a 2–7–2 record during the 1940 season and was replaced by Bert Bell and Aldo Donelli in 1941.<mask> resumed his role as head coach near the end of the 1941 season, leading the team to a 1–2–1 in the final four games. <mask> led the 1942 Steelers to a 7–4 record, the first winning season in club history since the team was formed in 1933. <mask>'s 1942 team was led on the field by rookie halfback Bill Dudley who totaled 1,138 yards of total offense (696 rushing and 438 passing) and also had 576 yards on punt and kickoff returns. Dudley was drafted into Army after the 1942 season. In 1943, with so many players lost to military service, the Steelers were temporarily merged with the Philadelphia Eagles to form the Steagles. <mask> and the Eagles' coach Greasy Neale served as co-coaches of the Steagles. The Steagles compiled a 5–4–1 record.In 1944, the Steelers were still lacking players due to the war and formed a one-year merger with the Chicago Cardinals, operating under the name Card-Pitt. <mask> and the Cardinals' coach Phil Handler served as co-coaches. Despite the play of John Grigas, a Cardinals back who led the NFL in 1944 with 1,154 all-purpose yards and 471 kickoff return yards, the Card-Pitt team gave up 32.8 points per game, compiled a 0–10 record, and was outscored by a combined total of 328–108. Green Bay Packers
In January 1945,

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 <mask> resigned as the Steelers' coach. Hours after resigning his position with the Steelers, <mask> was hired as assistant coach for the Green Bay Packers. He coached the Packers' linemen, and in December 1945, he signed a contract extending his service through the 1947 season. In January 1948, his contract was renewed again through the 1948 season.At the time, Curly Lambeau called <mask> the top line coach in college or professional football. <mask> contracted pneumonia in the winter of 1947 and lost 51 pounds while battling the illness. In February 1949, <mask> was released by the Packers, with Lambeau advising Kiesling "in the interests of his health to take a year's vacation from football." Return to the Steelers
Ignoring Lambeau's advice, <mask> returned to the Steelers in March 1949 as the line coach. He signed a contract extension with the Steelers in March 1950, and remained as line coach through the 1953 season. In March 1952, <mask> was hospitalized with what was described as a "heavy cold". In November 1953 he was hospitalized again with pneumonia.Starting with his 1947 bout with pneumonia, <mask> was plagued with respiratory ailments for the rest of his life. In late August 1954, Joe Bach resigned as the Steelers' head coach after a poor showing by the team in exhibition games, and <mask> was promoted to head coach. In his third stint as head coach, <mask> led the Steelers to records of 5–7 in 1954, 4–8 in 1955, and 5–7 in 1956. <mask> is often remembered as the coach who released Johnny Unitas, a player widely acclaimed as one of the greatest in NFL history. The Steelers had selected Unitas, a

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 Pittsburgh native, in the ninth round of the 1955 NFL Draft. <mask> was satisfied with Jim Finks and Ted Marchibroda as his quarterbacks and was unimpressed by the gangly Unitas. He did not allow Unitas to even play in any exhibition games, and after pre-season camp, <mask> told Rooney: "Unitas is too dumb.He can't remember plays." <mask>'s health was declining by the mid-1950s. Steelers' owner Art Rooney considered firing him, but concluded that loyalty outweighed winning. Rooney reportedly said, "<mask> will be my head coach as long as he wants to be, and even if he doesn't want to be." <mask>'s health was poor during the 1956 season, yet he returned for the pre-season in 1957, finally retiring in late August 1957. He remained an aide to the Steelers' coaching staff until his death. <mask>'s overall record as an NFL head coach was 30–55–5.Head coaching record

Family, later years, and honors
<mask> was married in approximately 1932. At the time of his death, he was married to Irene Andreen <mask>. No record has been found of <mask> having any children. Kiesling suffered from a respiratory ailment that resulted in multiple hospitalizations in his later years. He died in March 1962 at age 58 at Divine Providence Hospital in Pittsburgh. The cause of death was acute bacteremia due to pyelonephritis. He was buried at Christ Our Redeemer Catholic Cemetery in Pittsburgh.<mask> was posthumously inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1966. In 1969, he was also selected by the Pro Football Hall of Fame as a guard on the NFL 1920s All-Decade Team. References

External links

1903 births
1962

masks: Kiesling Kiesling Kiesling Walt Kiesling Kiesling Kiesling Kiesling Kiesling Kiesling


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 deaths
American football guards
American football tackles
Chicago Bears players
Chicago Cardinals players
Duluth Eskimos players
Green Bay Packers players
Pittsburgh Pirates (football) players
Pittsburgh Steelers coaches
Pottsville Maroons players
Steagles players and personnel
St. Thomas (Minnesota) Tommies football players
Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees
Players of American football from Saint Paul,


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<mask>na <mask> (born 12 June 1997) (;) is a retired Ukrainian-born Azerbaijani individual rhythmic gymnast. Durunda started her senior career in 2013, and soon became the leader of the Azerbaijani gymnastics and a three-time (2013-2015) national champion. She won a bronze medal at the 2015 European Championship in Minsk, and a silver medal at the inaugural 2015 European Games in Baku. <mask> represented Azerbaijan at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio, and finished 9th in the all-around final. Career

Junior
<mask> began practicing rhythmic gymnastics in 2001 at age four in Sevastopol. At age six, she and her family moved to Cyprus, where for seven years until 2012 she was the national champion and won all competitions of Cyprus. Unable to receive a Cypriot passport, she accepted an invitation to compete for Azerbaijan from the Azeri National Gymnastics Team Federation.As a junior, Durunda competed with the Azeri team at the 2012 European Championships and qualified for the ball final finishing 7th. She competed at the 2012 Aeon Cup in Japan finishing 3rd in all-around at the juniors event. Senior

2013
Durunda made her senior debut at the 2013 Miss Valentine Cup in Tartu, Estonia where she won the bronze medal in all-around behind Ukrainian champion Ganna Rizatdinova and silver medalist Melitina Staniouta. She also won bronze in the ball, clubs and ribbon final. Durunda won gold in All-around at the 2013 Baltic Hoop. At the 2013 Pesaro World Cup, Durunda qualified for all four event finals, she finished 5th in ribbon. Durunda finished 6th in all-around at the 2013 Sofia World Cup and qualified for all four event finals.She again finished

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Marina Sergeyev
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Durunda


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 6th in all-around at the 2013 Minsk World Cup. Durunda competed at her first Senior Europeans at the 2013 European Championships in Vienna, Austria. She and teammate Lala Yusifova represented Azerbaijan where they finished 4th in Team event. She qualified for three apparatus in the finals and finished 5th in ball, hoop and ribbon. She won her first senior national title at the 2013 Azerbaijan National Championships. At the 2013 World Cup Final in St.Petersburg, Russia, she finished 6th in all-around and again qualified to all 4 event finals. Durunda competed at the 2013 World Championships in Kiev, Ukraine where she qualified and finished 5th in ribbon final.Durunda finished 16th at the 2013 World Championships All-around final behind Belarusian Katsiaryna Halkina. In October, she competed at the 2013 Grand Prix Brno finishing 6th in the all-around and qualified to four event finals. On October 25–27, Durunda competed at the World Club Championship, the 2013 Aeon Cup in Tokyo, Japan representing team Neftchi (together with teammate Lala Yusifova) finishing 5th in Team event. She finished 6th in the All-around finals behind Belarusian Katsiaryna Halkina. 2014
In 2014 Season, Durunda competed at the 2014 Miss Valentine Cup and won the all-around gold medal. She withdrew after suffering an injury at the 2014 Moscow Grand Prix qualifications. Durunda returned to competition in the first World Cup event of the season at the 2014 Debrecen World Cup where she finished 6th in the all-around and won gold in hoop.She finished 5th in all-around at the 2014 Stuttgart World Cup and qualified to all 4 event finals. Durunda then competed at the 2014


texts:
 Holon Grand Prix where she finished 8th in all-around and qualified to 2 event finals. Durunda finished 4th in all-around at the 2014 Lisboa World Cup and won bronze in ball final. She then followed her next event at the 2014 Pesaro World Cup, where she finished 6th in all-around and qualified to 4 event finals. Durunda won her second National all-around title at the 2014 Azerbaijan Championships held in Baku. On May 22–24, Durunda competed at the 2014 Tashkent World Cup where she finished 6th in all-around behind Melitina Staniouta. She qualified to all 4 event finals and won bronze medal in ribbon and clubs (tied with Elizaveta Nazarenkova).She then competed at the 2014 Minsk World Cup finishing 7th in all-around, she qualified to 3 event finals and won bronze medal in hoop. On June 10–15, Durunda competed at the 2014 European Championships and finished 6th in all-around behind Margarita Mamun. On August 8–10, Durunda competed at the 2014 Sofia World Cup finishing 10th in all-around and 7th in ball finals. On September 22–28, Durunda (together with teammates Nilufar Niftaliyeva and Gulsum Shafizada) competed at the 2014 World Championships where Team Azerbaijan finished 5th. she qualified to 3 event finals, placing (6th in hoop, 7th in ball, 5th in clubs) and finished 6th in the all-around finals ahead of Melitina Staniouta of Belarus. On October 17–19, Durunda traveled in Tokyo for the 2014 Aeon Cup, representing team Ocaq club (together with teammates Gulsum Shafizada and junior Zhala Piriyeva) where they finished 5th in team event, Durunda finished 8th in the All-around finals. 2015
In 2015 Season, Durunda competed at the 2015


texts: Valentine Cup and won the silver medals in all-around, ribbon, hoop, placed 3rd in clubs and 4th in ball.On March 13–15, <mask> then finished 4th at the Trophy de Barcelona in the all-around and took a bronze medal in clubs finals. On March 21–22, Duruna competed at the 2015 Thiais Grand Prix finishing 4th in the all-around behind Neta Rivkin, she qualified to 4 event finals, winning gold in clubs (tied with Ganna Rizatdinova), and 2 silver (hoop, ribbon). On March 27–29, <mask> competed at the 2015 Lisboa World Cup finishing 5th in the all-around, in the event finals, she took 2 bronze (ball, ribbon) and 4th place (hoop, clubs). <mask> then competed at the 2015 Bucharest World Cup and finished 5th in the all-around behind Korean Son Yeon-Jae. She qualified to event finals taking bronze in ribbon and placing 4th in hoop, ball, clubs. On April 10–12, <mask> placed 6th in all-around at the 2015 Pesaro World Cup and qualified to all 4 apparatus finals. <mask> then competed at the 2015 European Championships where Team Azerbaijan finished 5th, she qualified 2 event finals winning bronze in ribbon and placed 5th in clubs.Durunda finished 8th in all-around at the 2015 Grand Prix Berlin and qualified to 2 event finals. On June 15–21, Durunda competed at the inaugural 2015 European Games where she finished 6th in the all-around, she qualified to 3 apparatus finals: won the silver medal in ribbon, finished 5th in hoop and 6th in ball. In August, <mask> won the all-around silver at the 2015 Baltic Cup behind Israeli gymnast Victoria Veinberg Filanovsky. Durunda then competed at the 2015 Budapest World Cup finishing 7th in the all-around and

masks: Durunda Durunda Durunda Durunda Durunda Durunda


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 qualified to 3 apparatus finals. In her next competition at the 2015 Sofia World Cup, Durunda finished 8th in the all-around behind Bulgarian Neviana Vladinova. She qualified to 2 apparatus finals finishing 6th in hoop and clubs. On September 9–13, Durunda competed at the 2015 World Championships in Stuttgart, she qualified to all 4 apparatus finals finishing 7th in Ball(17.600), 6th in Hoop (17.916), Clubs (17.833) and Ribbon (17.800).In the All-around finals; Durunda finished 6th with a total of 71.399 points. On October 2–4, Durunda together with teammates Ayshan Bayramova and junior Zhala Piriyeva represented Team Ocaq Sports Club at the 2015 Aeon Cup in Tokyo Japan, Durunda finished 10th in the all-around finals behind Viktoria Mazur and with Team Azerbaijan finishing 5th in the overall standings. 2016

In 2016, recovering from a minor leg injury; Durunda first competed at the 30th Thiais Grand Prix event in Paris, where she finished 10th in the all-around and qualified 3 event finals. On April 1–3, Durunda competed at the 2016 Pesaro World Cup where she finished 18th in the all-around. On May 6–8, Durunda won the all-around silver at the Corbeil-Essonnes International Tournament; she also took silver medals in all 4 apparatus final. Durunda then finished 2nd in the All-around at the Azeri National Championships behind Zhala Piriyeva. Durunda finished 10th in the all-around at the 2016 Guadalajara World Cup and qualified to the ribbon finals.On June 17–19, Durunda competed at the 2016 European Championships where she finished in 7th place with a total of 72.116 points. On July 8–10, Durunda then finished 7th in the all-around at


texts:
 the 2016 Kazan World Cup with a total of 72.500 points - her highest score for the season and a New Personal Best, she also qualified to all apparatus finals placing 8th in hoop, 7th in ball, clubs and ribbon. On July 22–24, culminating the World Cup of the season in 2016 Baku World Cup, Durunda finished 10th in the all-around with a total of 70.500, she qualified 2 event finals winning bronze in ribbon and 7th in ball. At the 2016 Summer Olympics, she reached the finals of Women's rhythmic individual all-around where she finished in 9th place with a total of 69.748 points. On September 9–11, Durunda together with teammates Zhala Piriyeva and junior Zohra Aghamirova represented team Ocaq Sport club at the annual 2016 Aeon Cup in Tokyo, where they finished 4th in Team event and with Durunda finishing 6th in the all-around. 2017
Durunda spent early of the season recovering from a hand injury. In May 2017, Durunda returned to competition and won five medals, including three golds at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games which were hosted in her home country Azerbaijan.She competed at 2017 European Championships in Budapest where she qualified to 1 apparatus final in hoop. On June 6, Just days after competing in Europeans, Durunda announced her retirement in her rhythmic gymnastics career due to the hand injury that she sustained earlier in the year. Personal life
Durunda speaks five languages: Russian, English, Azerbaijani, French and Greek. Routine music information

References

External links

 Durunda Azerbaijan Gymnastics Federation Profile

1997 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Sevastopol
Ukrainian emigrants to


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 Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani rhythmic gymnasts
Ukrainian rhythmic gymnasts
Gymnasts at the 2015 European Games
European Games medalists in gymnastics
European Games silver medalists for Azerbaijan
Gymnasts at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic gymnasts of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani people of Ukrainian descent
Naturalized citizens of Azerbaijan
Medalists at the Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships
Islamic Solidarity Games competitors for


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<mask>, 20th Earl of Oxford KG PC (28 February 1627 – 12 March 1703) was a Royalist during the English Civil War. Biography
He was the son of <mask>, 19th Earl of Oxford and his wife Beatrix van Hemmend. He was educated in Friesland in the Netherlands after his father was mortally wounded at the Capture of Maastricht in 1632, when <mask> was only six years old; years later he joined the English Regiment of Foot, serving on the continent with the Dutch. He remained in Holland during the English Civil War, but returned to England in 1651 an ardent royalist. He was involved in a succession of plots, and was imprisoned in the Tower of London for allegedly plotting against Oliver Cromwell, and interned without trial. On release he joined Sir George Booth's rising in 1659 against Richard Cromwell's regime. He went with five other peers to petition The Hague for the return of King Charles II in early May 1660.Hoping but failing to become Lord Chamberlain, he was offered the Colonelcy of the Royal Horse Guards. As a favourite of royal mistress Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleveland, he courted the Earl of Bristol's daughter, whose family were in favour at court. The daughter married Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, a Secretary of State, but he lobbied the king on Oxford's behalf. <mask> was made Lord Lieutenant of Essex and a Knight of the Garter. Censorious Whigs like Samuel Pepys deplored seeing Oxford wearing his Garter regalia in public, and there was a rumour that he had married an actress in secret. The actress was Hester Davenport (1642–1717) and the wedding supposedly took place on a Sunday morning in 1662 or 1663 in a chandler's shop in Harts Horn Lane, London. She had a son <mask> (1664–1708) from this union.The earl successfully brought a lawsuit in 1686 to refute her claims.

masks:
Aubrey de Vere
Robert de Vere
de Vere
Oxford
Aubrey


texts: Despite being a Cavalier, he was a tolerant Protestant, and permitted Quakers and Puritans to join the regiment. He was a friend of Charles II's illegitimate son, the Duke of Monmouth. Oxford raised a regiment of horse from 1684 onwards, just as the Life Guards were being withdrawn from Dunkirk. They were properly the Royal Regiment of Horse, but were known by the colour of the uniforms as Oxford's Blues because he was the regiment's colonel. Royalist volunteers added strength to this Protestant regiment. It was Charles II's policy to expand the army beyond the core that he had inherited.Oxford gained the disapproval at court of the Duke of Buckingham, who had declared undying enmity. <mask> replied that he "neither cared for his friendship nor feared for his hatred." "...a troop of horse, excellently mounted, of the Royal Regiment of my Lord <mask> Vere, Earl of Oxford...inspecting every file of the company, the officers of which wore a red sash with gold tassels. ", wrote Prince Cosmo of Tuscany on a visit to London in 1668. <mask> was present at the first Army Board on 5 August 1670, chaired by the Duke of York, the king's brother who later succeeded him as King James II. On 5 July 1685 Sir Francis Compton was promoted to command the regiment. <mask> wanted the post for himself but was prevented from taking it by the King.<mask> was responsible for kitting out his regiment, and ordered a standard blue uniform from a woollen draper, Mr Munnocks of The Strand, Middlesex, whose son was killed in the service. Oxford as Lord Lieutenant of Essex was responsible for raising troops in the county, but refused James II's order to appoint Roman Catholics to public offices. In February 1688 he told King James "I will stand by Your Majesty against all enemies to the last drop of my blood. But

masks:
Oxford
Aubrey de
Oxford
Oxford
Oxford


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 this is a matter of conscience and I cannot comply." He was deprived of his offices. Months later he took the side of <mask> Orange against James II in the Glorious Revolution. He was restored to his titles and the colonelcy of The Blues, and exempted the Commission of Inspection by the Convention Parliament (1689) of April 1689.The Secretary at War, William Blathwayt, wrote asking for details of all officers removed by absolutism. On 1 February 1689 Oxford and Compton lobbied Parliament to pass a vote of thanks to the army for the Whig constitution "...testified their sturdy adherence to the Protestant religion and being instrumental in delivering this country from popery and slavery." He died in 1703 without surviving male issue, making the title extinct. His daughter Lady <mask> Vere married Charles Beauclerk, Duke of St Albans, another illegitimate son of Charles II. Family
Oxford's first wife was Ann Bayning, a daughter of Paul Bayning, 2nd Viscount Bayning. Westminster Abbey's commemoration of <mask> notes that Ann was 10 when she was married. (Commoners rarely married before age 21.)Ann was buried in the Abbey on 27 September 1659. The couple had no children. In the early 1660s, Oxford began pursuing one of London's most famous actresses, Hester Davenport (23 March 1642 – 16 November 1717). Davenport was a leading actress with the Duke's Company under the management of Sir William Davenant. After seeing her on stage on 9 January 1661/2, diarist John Evelyn described her as "faire & famous Comoedian." Davenport refused to be Oxford's mistress and returned his gifts, but agreed to marry him in a small ceremony held in 1662 or 1663, ending a "promising" career. The couple's son, <mask> Vere, was born on 17 April 1664 and baptised at St Paul's church in Covent Garden on 15 May.The

masks:
William of
Diana de
de Vere
Aubrey de


texts: Earl openly acknowledged that he was <mask>'s father, granted Davenport a pension, and took responsibility for her debts. Writing for "The History of Parliament," Dr Ruth Pauley notes that "Hester Davenport seems to have been acknowledged as countess of Oxford." Sometime between 1665 and 1670, <mask> began an affair with Diana Kirke, daughter of George Kirke, groom of the bedchamber to Charles II and granddaughter of Aurelian Townshend. "Following a public spat" with Davenport, Kirke became <mask>'s "public mistress." A sultry portrait of Diana Kirke painted by Sir Peter Lely during this period shows her standing in a swirling gold gown, her right breast exposed, her right arm hanging seductively by her side, a rose in her hand. Lely paints the centre of the rose's folded petals and the tip of Diana's bare breast from the same palette. The rose's heavy head droops oddly, drawing the viewer's eye--the Earl's eye--from breast to folded petals to folds beneath the heavy folds of Diana's slipping, slippery dress.The result is as close to soft porn as 17th-century portraiture can get, and it appears to have hit its mark. In January 1672, Oxford married Diana Kirke. The Anglican service was held at Whitehall with Oxford's chaplain officiating. In a church court case brought by Hester Davenport and heard in 1686, <mask> defended himself against the charge of bigamy by admitting that he had staged their wedding. The court concluded that "Davenport and Oxford had indeed gone through some sort of ceremony but failed to establish that it had been performed by a genuine clergyman. Hester Davenport was thus unable to prove that she was anything other than a discarded mistress." The man who officiated, dressed as a minister, was likely one of Oxford's servants, a groom or a trumpeter, in

masks:
Aubrey
de Vere
de Vere
de Vere


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 disguise.Davenport had assumed she was legally married. Though she lost the case, she continued to use her married name and fought to have her son declared legitimate. She remained single until <mask> died. De Vere had five children with Diana Kirke:
Charles (Karl), born 22 Nov 1675; baptized 9 Dec 1675, St. Martin in the Fields, Westminster; died as an infant. Charlotta, born 24 Aug 1673; baptized 13 Sept 1673, St. Martin in the Fields, Westminster; no further record. Diana, born c.1679; died 15 January 1742, Windsor Castle; became Diana Beauclerk, Duchess of St. Albans, when she married Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans, son of Charles II and Nell Gwynn. Mary, died unmarried; buried 1725, Westminster Abbey.Henrietta, died unmarried 22 Sept 1730 at 48; buried 1730, Westminster Abbey. De Vere was buried in St. John the Evangelist's chapel, Westminster Abbey on 22 March 1703. His body lies near the monument to his kinsman Sir Francis Vere, "but has no monument or marker." Diana Kirke was buried in the Abbey on 19 April 1719. <mask> Vere survived his father, but because his father declared him illegitimate, he was unable to inherit his father's title. No "suitable" claimant came forward, and one of the oldest titles in the peerage of England came to its end. <mask> Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford, received his title from the Empress Matilda in 1141.With the death of <mask> Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford, the "title became extinct." Notes

References

External links
 UK Parliamentary Archives, Letters patent revoking the Patent of the Earl of Oxford to act as Lord Keeper in the House of Lords

|-

<mask> Vere, 20th Earl
Knights of the Garter
Lord-Lieutenants of Essex
Members of the Privy Council of England
Royal Horse Guards officers
Cavaliers
1627 births
1703 deaths
Aubrey
Prisoners in the

masks:
de Vere
Aubrey de
Aubrey de
Aubrey de
Aubrey de


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<mask> (19 April 1921 – 18 May 2014) was a Nigerian physician specialist in tropical diseases. He was recognised for discovering and mapping out the area of paragonimiasis lung disease in Eastern Nigeria, with a study of the disease in Africa and clinical research for its control. He founded SICREP: Sickle Cell Research Programme to effectively fight the disease in Nigeria and globally. Early life

Parents and birth
<mask> was born on Tuesday 19 April 1921 – at Amaimo, now located in Imo State: Nigeria, where his parents worked for Church Missionary Society as evangelist. He was the first male child amongst seven children His father: <mask>, was a church teacher; and his mother was trained at the Niger CMS: Church Missionary Society Onitsha. Education
<mask> started primary school at Ezinihitte-Mbaise in today's Imo State, and then  Government College Umuahia. In 1939, he entered Higher College Yaba, studying medicine.Most of the students that went to Government College Umuahia went on to Yaba College which was the only science-based institution of higher learning at the time. Nwokolo's medical course lasted seven years including internship, with the General Hospital Lagos and Aba General Hospital as teaching hospitals. Nwokolo qualified as a medical doctor in 1946, and consequently got the LMS: Licenciate of the School of Medicine.and won the Walter Johnson prize in public health. Early career

Pioneer Medical Officer
After his internship at Lagos General Hospital, Nwokolo was posted from 1947 to 1949 at General Hospital Enugu. In 1948, as the University College Ibadan was opening its teaching hospital temporarily at the Ibadan Adeoyo Hospital, the university made a request to the government for junior doctors to work as house officers. Nwokolo was the first of such assistant medical officers to be seconded in 1949. Nwokolo worked in the department of medicine at the University College Hospital from 1949 to 1950, and subsequently proceeded to London, uplifted with a professional

masks:
Chukwuedu Nathaniel II Nwokolo
Nwokolo
Nathaniel Ezuma Nwokolo
Nwokolo


texts:
 letter of recommendation from professor Alexander Brown.England move and RCPL
Arriving in England in 1950, he studied at Queen Mary's Hospital, Sidcup, and worked in medicine and surgery house jobs in Dover, becoming  qualified to register and practice in Great Britain. He then became a senior house physician in the geriatrics unit of Queen Mary's Hospital, Sidcup. There, <mask> worked towards getting his MRCP: Membership of the Royal College of Physicians. In 1952, <mask> moved to Edinburgh to prepare further for the MRCP. He attended lectures and tutorials of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, and clinics of some consultants. Early in 1953, <mask> took the MRCP examination,.He was one of the very few Africans to obtain such a MRCP: Membership of the Royal College of Physicians qualification, and the second Nigerian to do so: the first being Dr. Olu Mabayoje. Armed with the MRCP, <mask> went back to his former Queen Mary's Hospital, Sidcup, London.There, he served as a physician returned to Nigeria – as a specialist in internal medicine – just on time for his marriage to Njideka Priscilla Nwokolo: née: Okonkwo – on Saturday 4 July 1953. Civil service
When he came back from London, <mask> returned to the civil service. He was appointed a special grade medical officer. Reorganisation in the service enabled all assistant medical officers to become medical officers after serving a period of one year as house officers. Nwokolo did one year house job in Ibadan before going to the United Kingdom for specialist medical qualification. He also did another year of house jobs in Dover after his highly successful conjoint LRCP and MRCP examination. With his senior house officer appointment and post MRCP working experience in the United Kingdom, <mask> earned his designation as a full medical officer on special grade.General Hospital Enugu was where he mainly served. <mask> had his extramural private practice in his home in the evenings. He was in charge of medical wards where

masks: Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo


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 in-patients were admitted and treated. Research
<mask> carried out medical research in the wards as well as in the field. He did major research in endomyocardial fibrosis, endemic goitre, sickle-cell disease and other areas of national need. Fieldwork was usually done during weekends, and included travelling in his car to different locations in Eastern Nigeria plus Northern and Mid-Western Nigeria, as well as to Obudu. Nwokolo published about nine papers based on his research while in the civil service.On the strength of his research and papers, he was made a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (F.R.C.P.) in 1960, based on recommendations by his supervisors, Professor Alexander Brown and Professor Harold Scaborough, a visiting scholar from University of Wales. <mask> was also invited to teach as senior lecturer at University College Ibadan by professor Brown. In addition, working with the Rockefeller Foundation, Professor Brown recommended <mask> for a research fellowship in gastroenterology at the University of Minnesota. Rockefeller Foundation fellowship
For his 1963 to 1964 Rockefeller Foundation fellowship at Minnesota, <mask> was assigned to the gastroenterology unit under James Carey, chief of gastroenterology. On completing his fellowship, Nwokolo followed the same shipping route back. He briefly stopped in the United Kingdom, where he was honoured as an Edinburgh "Free Man of the City" and presented with the "Key to the City of Edinburgh" Scotland as a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.Career

Gastroenterology department founding
After his return from the United States, <mask> was appointed associate professor of medicine. Subsequently, he set up a sub department of gastroenterology, with senior registrar Dr. Lewis. <mask> led research on various gastro-intestinal problems using intestinal biopsies and procedures he learnt in the United States at University of Minnesota. Civil War in Nigeria
In 1966, before the Nigerian civil war with Biafra broke

masks: Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo


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 out in 1967, with hostilities and killing of Igbo people rising, <mask> left Ibadan for Enugu with his wife and children. Medical school establishment
For those, such as <mask>, who escaped from Ibadan and Western Nigeria, the experience was so terrible that twenty-one specialist doctors mainly from Ibadan and Lagos met and resolved to establish a University Teaching Hospital in Enugu. At the meeting were doctors: <mask>, Onuaguluchi, Udekwu, Nwako, Nwachukwu, Eziashi, Ikeme, Udeh, Ogan, Uche, Okoro, Kaine, Udeozor, Okafor, Njoku-Obi, Ifekwunigwe, and others. Through Dr. Nlogha Okeke plus permanent secretary and chief secretary to the government: chief Onyegbula, approval was rapidly obtained from the military governor: Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu to open a teaching hospital with Enugu General Hospital as base.Ojukwu also approved swift establishment of the faculty of medicine, headed by professor Kodilinye, while <mask> became the first head of the department of medicine and associate dean of medicine at the new medical school. <mask> continued to work as head of the department of medicine of the university teaching hospital which had moved to Awka-Etiti when Enugu was threatened during the civil war. <mask> also carried out research especially relevant to the terrible war conditions of starvation and malnutrition. He toured churches and public gatherings to educate the people on nutrition and feeding for survival. Several mimeographed papers were produced and distributed for public education. When the Nigerian Civil War ended in 1970, <mask> and family returned to Enugu, and found their house looted and the top floor completely razed by fire. He had to do some extensive rebuilding.With the approval of the Nigerian Federal Government for the re-opening of the University of Nigeria Nsukka, <mask> returned to his position as head of the department of medicine. He was appointed full professor in 1971. Accordingly, renowned Welsh academic, professor Eldryd Parry, who previously served

masks: Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo


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 at University College Hospital, Ibadan from 1960, affirms that Nwokolo led and facilitated the establishment of medical schools in Enugu and Nsukka. <mask> was an advisor for the World Health Organization. From 1963 to 1964, he was a Rockefeller Foundation fellow in gastroenterology at the University of Minnesota. He was honoured in 1964 with the Edinburgh: Scotland "Free Man of the City" award and "Key to the City of Edinburgh," having been inducted as a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. He was a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, fellow of the Nigerian Postgraduate Medical College: FMCP, fellow of the West African College of Physicians: FWACP, and fellow of the Nigerian Academy of Science.<mask> had Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons: MRCS and Membership of the Royal College of Physicians: MRCP; as well as being an Officer of the Order of the Federal Republic: OFR. He was chairman: joint council of ASUTECH: Anambra State University of Technology – now Nnamdi Azikiwe University and Enugu based IMT: Institute of Management and Technology., and board chairman of University of Calabar Teaching Hospital. The Professor <mask> <mask> Annual Lecture Series and Award of Prizes for Academic Excellence to stimulate research and scholarship was established in his honour by professor Benjamin Chukwuma Ozumba in 2006. Service

<mask> was an advisor to the Federal Government of Nigeria at the National Science and Technology Development Fund. <mask> was an in-law of Jaja Wachuku: Nigeria's first Speaker of the House of Representatives, first Nigerian Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the United Nations; and first Nigerian Minister of Foreign Affairs and Commonwealth Relations. He was a contributor to the Cambridge University published: Principles of Medicine in Africa. Honours

Nwokolo had a Licentiate from the Royal College of Physicians of London, honorary doctor of science from the University of Maiduguri plus another honorary doctor of science

masks: Nwokolo Nwokolo Chukwuedu Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo


texts:
 from the University of Ibadan; and was a professor emeritus at the University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigerian National Order of Merit Award-winner, national chairman and vice-president at West African College of Physicians, pro-chancellor and chairman of council at Ahmadu Bello University; chairman at Medical Research Council of Nigeria, chairman: governing board at National Council for Medical Research, president at Association of Physicians of Nigeria and Ugo-Dibia: Eagle of Medicine.1972–75: Dean Faculty of Medicine: University of Nigeria Nsukka, as well as Professor of Medicine: 1971 to 1980
 1974: Accepted an invitation from the Japanese government as dean and visited the University of Tokyo which was collaborating with University of Nigeria Nsukka in research
 1977–80: Chairman: National Institute for Medical Research Yaba: Nigeria
 1980: On 21 March, delivered Professor Alexander Brown‟s lecture in Ibadan, titled: Facing the challenge of Medical Research in Nigeria
 1982: Appointed Emeritus Professor of Medicine: University of Nigeria Nsukka. On 15 July, received the Nigerian National Order of Merit Award, as well as Officer of the Order of the Federal Republic: OFR honour from president Shehu Shagari
 1983: Thanksgiving service for the career of Nwokolo, organised at University of Nigeria Nsukka by Professors Johnson and Ebele Maduewesi
 1984: Appointed member of Ahmadu Bello University Council. Awarded D.Sc: Honoris causa by the University of Maiduguri
 1985: Appointed chairman: joint council of ASUTECH: Anambra State University of Technology – now Nnamdi Azikiwe University and IMT: Institute of Management and Technology Held office till1986 and was instrumental to the creation of the Awka campus of ASUTECH which later transformed to the present Nnamdi Azikiwe University
 1986: Appointed board chairman: UCTH: University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Nwokolo served till 1994 following a second term appointment as board chairman of UCTH. He was also appointed member of


texts:
 National Science and Technology Development Fund
 1988: Honoured with a Doctor of Science degree by the University of Ibadan, together with Olusegun Obasanjo, Matthew Mbu, Michael Ibru and Emmanuel Alayande
 1994: Nwokolo initiated a private research organisation called SICREP: Sickle Cell Research Programme to work on sickle cell disease. 1996: Appointed Knight of Saint Christopher by the Anglican Church Diocese on the Niger. On 12 September, Nwokolo was honoured by the Nigerian Postgraduate Medical College with a distinguished fellowship award with citation by professor Ayo Binitie
 1998: Nwokolo was featured in the NTA: Nigerian Television Authority documentary on Nigerian Heroes. On 10 March, Nwokolo he was nominated by UCTH: University of Calabar Teaching Hospital for the Mary Slessor Distinguished Merit Award for service to humanity.This was in recognition of his "research works, introduction of the Drug Revolving Fund at University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, a patient funded system that was adopted by state governments in Nigeria; as well as for the system's acceptance in core line with the Bamako Initiative; and as the "longest serving chairman of University of Calabar Teaching Hospital's board of management
2004: On 15 January, the Professor <mask> <mask> Hall at the College of Medicine: University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu was launched

Publications
Some of <mask>'s research articles and book publications are listed below:

<mask>, C. (1958). Malarial Chemoprophylaxis in Indigenous Populations. BMJ: British Medical Journal. <mask>, Chukuedu. (1961). Aschoff Nodes in Endomyocardial Fibrosis. London: BMJ: British Medical Journal.<mask>, C. (1967). Ascites in Africa. London: British Medical Journal. <mask>, Chukwuedu. (1969). Biafran Refugees: Problems of Disease Prevention and Medical Care. Enugu: Biafra Rehabilitation Commission.<mask>, C. and Imohiosen, E. A. E. (1973). Strongyloidiasis of Respiratory Tract Presenting as "Asthma." London: British

masks: Chukwuedu Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo Nwokolo


texts:
 Medical Journal. <mask> C. and Ogakwu M. (1973). Radiological Findings in Pulmonary Paragonimiasis as Seen in Nigeria: a review based on one hundred cases. London: BJR: The British Journal of Radiology. <mask>, C. and Okonkwo, P. O.(1977). Aflatoxin B.: Procedures to reduce levels in tropical foods. Nutrition Reports International. <mask>, C. and Oli, J. M. (1979). Diabetes After Infectious Hepatitis: A Follow-up Study. London: British Medical Journal. <mask>, Chukwuedu.(1984). The Place of Traditional Medicine and Other Local Resources in a Modern Health Care Programme in Nigeria. Maiduguri: University of Maiduguri. <mask>, Chukwuedu. (1993). Science for Survival: The Nigerian Option. Nigeria: Medical Development.<mask>, Chukwuedu, et al. : Contributors. (2004). Principles of Medicine in Africa.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Personal life
With his wife: Lady Njideka Nwokolo: née Okonkwo – whom he married on Saturday 4 July: 1953, Nwokolo had seven children, four girls and three boys. <mask> died in New York: United States on 18 May 2014 at the age of 93. See also
Nigerian Medical Association
Nwabueze Nwokolo
John T. Nwangwu

References

External links

National Institutes of Health: USA: Nwokolo
University of Nigeria Nsukka
Chukwuedu Nwokolo: Google Books

1921 births
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
University of Minnesota Medical School alumni
2014 deaths
University of Nigeria faculty
Nigerian medical researchers
University of Ibadan faculty
Nigerian gastroenterologists
20th-century Nigerian medical doctors
University of Minnesota alumni
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
Nigerian expatriate academics in the United States
University of Minnesota faculty
University of Calabar people
Nnamdi Azikiwe University people
Wachuku family
Ahmadu Bello University people
Yaba Higher College alumni
Government College Umuahia alumni
Recipients of the Nigerian National Order of Merit Award
Nigerian expatriates in the United Kingdom
Nigerian expatriates


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Marie-<mask>, known as <mask> ((); 3 March 1678 – 8 August 1747) was a woman of New France (modern Quebec) credited with repelling a raid on Fort Verchères when she was 14 years old. Early life
<mask>'s father, François Jarret, of Saint-Chef (in the department of Isère in France), joined the company of his uncle <mask> to battle the Iroquois in New France (see Beaver Wars). They arrived there in August 1665, and on 17 September 1669, Jarret married the twelve-year-old Marie Perrot in Île d’Orléans. He was awarded a land grant on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River on 29 October 1672 in a seigneury called Verchères, and thereafter continued to increase his landholdings. The couple was to have twelve children, the fourth of whom was <mask>erchères, born in Verchères on 3 March 1678 and baptized on 17 April. The seigneury underwent periodic Iroquois raids. In 1690 the matron of Verchères took command of a successful defense against an Iroquois assault on the stockade there.By 1692 the Iroquois had killed the Jarrets' son François-Michel and two successive husbands of their daughter Marie-Jeanne. Before she performed this courageous act, she usually worked in the family field during her spare time. Thwarting a surprise attack
In the late 1600s, the Iroquois mounted attacks on the settlers of New France, looting and burning their homes. On 22 October 1692 <mask>'s parents left the fort on business and to gather winter supplies. <mask> and her brothers and sisters stayed at the fort. Now fourteen, <mask> was in charge of the fort, with one very old man (Laviolette) and two soldiers. One morning, some settlers left the fort to tend to the fields along with eight soldiers.<mask> was

masks:
Madeleine Jarret
Madeleine de Vchères
Madeleine
Antoine Pécaudy de Contrecœur
Madeleine de V
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine


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 in the cabbage garden, quite close to the fort. Suddenly, the Iroquois descended on the settlers. The men, caught off guard, tried to flee to safety. However, the Iroquois were too quick for them and they were easily caught and carried off. <mask>, working only 200 paces from the fort, had a head start on the Iroquois who were chasing her. One Iroquois caught up to her and grabbed her by her kerchief which she quickly untied, then <mask> ran into the fort shouting, "Aux armes! Aux armes!"(To arms)

<mask> ran to the bastions. She knew there was only one hope. <mask> fired a musket and encouraged the people to make as much noise as possible so that the Iroquois would think there were many soldiers defending the fort. Then <mask> fired the cannon to warn other forts of an attack and to call for reinforcements. The Iroquois had hoped a surprise attack would easily take over the fort, so for a moment, they retreated into the bushes with their prisoners. During the siege, <mask> noticed a canoe approaching the landing site with a family named Fontaine. The soldiers inside the fort refused to leave, so <mask> ran to the dock and led the family quickly inside, pretending to be reinforcements.Late in the evening, the settlers' cattle returned to the fort. She knew that the Iroquois could be hiding with the herd covered in animal skins. She had her two brothers wait with her to check the cattle for warriors but none were found and the cows were brought inside the fort. Reinforcements from Montreal arrived just after the Iroquois left. Tired but relieved, <mask> greeted the French lieutenant, "Mon seigneur, I surrender to you my arms." The reinforcements caught the Iroquois and returned the

masks: Madeleine Madeleine Madeleine Madeleine Madeleine Madeleine Madeleine Madeleine


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 kidnapped settlers. By this time, <mask>'s parents had returned and news of <mask>'s heroic deed had spread through the colony.Later life
François, <mask>'s father, died on 16 February 1700, and his pension of 1000 livres was transferred to <mask> due to her leadership in 1692, on the condition that she provides for her mother. <mask> managed Verchères until her marriage in September 1706 to Pierre-Thomas Tarieu <mask> Pérade, who was a lieutenant in the regular troops of New France. He was the son of <mask> Lanouguère, an administrator of the colony who descended from an old noble family in France. The couple moved to Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade, Quebec, where Tarieu was co-seigneur. <mask>'s seigneury at Verchères was transferred to her new husband. The complex land titles led to numerous lawsuits over the course of her life, and <mask> sailed to France at least three times to represent herself and her husband in court. <mask> died at Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade on 8 August 1747 at age 69.She was buried beneath her pew at Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade. Pierre-Thomas died 26 January 1757 at age 79. Historiography and legacy
The earliest reports of the raid of 1692 did not mention <mask>. Five accounts of the siege of 1692 appeared during <mask>'s lifetime. The earliest is a letter <mask> wrote to the Comtesse de Maurepas 15 October 1699, in which she gives her story in a petition for a pension. She wrote a longer, greatly embellished version dated 1722 or later to Governor Beauharnois at his request. <mask> <mask> Potherie in 1722 published two accounts: the first is virtually the same as <mask>'s letter of 1699, and the second virtually the same as the later to Beauharnois; both may have

masks:
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
de La
Thomas de
Madeleine
Madeleine
Marie Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
Claude Charles
de La
Madeleine


texts: been based on, or were even the basis of, <mask>'s own.Pierre François <mask> Charlevoix published another embellished version in 1744. In 1730 Gervais Levebre, a priest against whom <mask> had initiated a legal process, was recorded stating, "God fears neither hero nor heroine", which suggests her story was well known by that time. Accounts progressively emphasized <mask>'s disguising herself as a man, the necessity of which is questioned: her mother had commanded a similar defense two years earlier with no such disguise. In her first account, <mask> describes how she escaped from an Iroquois by leaving her scarf in his hands and then replacing her headdress with a soldier's helmet. Charlevoix adds to this that she knotted up her hair and put on a man's jerkin. Later accounts may represent later societies' anxieties over <mask>'s transvestism. The 1730 lawsuit was over the priest Levebre's calling <mask> a "whore", which may suggest notions of free sexuality the public had of women who assumed such a traditionally male role as that of a warrior.Many writers took pains to ensure that, after the siege, <mask> returned fully to her traditional feminine role and demeanor. In 1912, a journalist wrote that she "was a perfect woman, as good a housekeeper as a mother". The curate Frédéric-Alexandre Baillairgé wrote that though "strong,  was nonetheless soft and sensitive". Some were more explicit, as Lionel Groulx who wrote that women "must sometimes fill in for men, but they must render them the arms for the battles that are more appropriate for them". While female writers also often emphasized <mask>'s return to a traditional role supporting the men, others used her story to advance a

masks:
Madeleine
Xavier de
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine
Madeleine


texts: feminist position of the role of women in Canadian history. Comparisons have been drawn between <mask> and Joan of Arc—both teenaged virgins who dressed as males—and to Jeanne Hachette, who led the defense of Beauvais. Parallels have also been seen with <mask>'s contemporary Adam Dollard <mask>, the hero of the Battle of Long Sault during the Beaver Wars.Verchères's story was mostly forgotten following her death. It was revived after the discovery of her in the 1860s, and from the 1880s to the 1920s she achieved the status of a symbol of French-Canadian nationalism. In the wake of the Conscription Crisis of 1917, Marie-Victorin Kirouac wrote a play, Peuple sans histoire ("A people without history", 1918). In it an indignant young French-Canadian servant to Lord Durham, upon reading a report of Durham's following the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837 in which he declares the French Canadians have no history, appends to it "Thou liest, Durham!" and signs it <mask> Verchères. The story he hears from her of Verchères convinces him to give credence to the French Canadians and compares the story to "a canto of the Iliad". Later authors used the story of <mask> for nationalistic ends.To rally support for the Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire, Arthur Doughty's account of 1916 makes parallels between the Germans in World War I and the Iroquois who stood in the way of "the advance of European civilization". While heroes such as Dollard had had monuments erected to their memories, by the early 20th century that there was no such monument to <mask> Verchères came to public notice. Baillairgé raised funds for such a monument to commemorate Verchères and its heroine, and by July 1912 had raised

masks:
Madeleine
Madeleine
des Ormeaux
Madeleine de
Madeleine
Madeleine de


texts:
 $2000. Other efforts led to the federal government donating $25,000, and the wife of the mayor of Verchères unveiled the statue in a ceremony on 20 September 1913. Among the speeches delivered, the prime minister Wilfrid Laurier declared, "If the kingdom of France was delivered and regenerated by Joan of Arc, this colony, then French in its cradle, was illustrated by <mask> Verchères". The stories of <mask> <mask> and Laura Secord in Upper Canada have served as nationalist stories for French and English Canadians. Both were heroines in early Canadian settlements defending themselves from enemy forces—though where the enemy was the Iroquois to <mask>, in Secord's story they were allies who helped her escape the Americans to inform the British of a pending attack.The motivations of the Iroquois are not made clear in contemporary documents. In modern culture
A statue of <mask> <mask> stands on Verchères Point near Montreal. It was made by Louis-Philippe Hébert, who was commissioned for the project in 1911. <mask> <mask>, a J.-Arthur Homier film released 10 December 1922, featured Estelle Bélanger as <mask>. The Internet Movie Database reports this film as "lost." The Canadian government designated her as a Person of National Historic Significance in 1923. Madeleine Takes Command (1946) by Ethel C. Brill is a historical novel based upon the siege of Verchères.References

Works cited

Wallace, W. Stewart, ed. The Encyclopedia of Canada, Vol. VI  Toronto, University Associates of Canada, 1948. Online

Further reading

People of New France
French Quebecers
Canadian children
1678 births
1747 deaths
Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
18th-century Canadian women
Women

masks:
Madeleine de
Madeleine de
Verchères
Madeleine
Madeleine de
Verchères
Madeleine de
Verchères
Madeleine


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<mask> (March 5, 1875 – October 31, 1962) was a well-known businessman and philanthropist in York, Pennsylvania. Haines arrived in York in 1905 where he became very successful at selling shoes. Referred to as the "Shoe Wizard", Haines shared his wealth with his community and employees. A local residential subdivision and adjacent road are named after him. His most evident legacy is the Haines Shoe House in Hallam, which is readily visible from U.S. Route 30 east of York. Early life

<mask> was born in Old Washington, Ohio on March 5, 1875. His father died a few months later.His widowed mother, Elizabeth Ann <mask>, changed his name to that of his father. The family moved to Washington, D.C. in 1882 and lived above a store she owned on 11th Street SE; it was there that Haines worked for much of his early life. The store's profits helped pay for his education and Haines enrolled at Maryland Agricultural College (now known as the University of Maryland) in 1892. That same year, his mother built a much larger department store in Washington, advertised as "the largest store in the world, built, owned and controlled by a woman". Haines left college in 1894 to begin his adult life. After his mother denied his request at age 28 to become a business partner, he went to California and was a sales representative for several clothing stores in the West. Becoming engaged, Haines moved to Ohio to get married.When the relationship was broken off, he began a bicycle trip back to Washington to get his old job back. <mask> later summarized his status then as "single, penniless and alone". Business

Arriving in York, Pennsylvania in 1905 – the year he turned 30 – <mask>' bicycle broke down. He reportedly sold his engagement ring, bought ten pairs of shoes, and sold them at a farmers market. <mask> initially rented a 3rd-floor apartment at 473 W.

masks:
Mahlon Nathaniel Haines
Haines
Morrison Haines
Haines
Haines
Haines


texts:
 Market Street. After borrowing money to begin a business, he was bankrupt within two years. He then obtained a consignment of shoes for $127 from the local D.S.Peterman & Co. warehouse. With a combination of hard work and gimmickry, Haines became very successful in the shoe business. A particular gimmick for which he was known was his use of a customized Ford as a mobile retail store, which he would drive to the outer edges of town to show his products. In 1922 he had accumulated 30 stores. By 1931, Haines had the largest shoe store chain in the United States, and there were 50 Haines Shoe Co. stores across Pennsylvania and northern Maryland by 1935. Six of Haines' stores were within the city of York (117 South George, 231 North George, 101 East Market, 241 West Market, 725 East Market, and 13 West Philadelphia Streets), with three of them in buildings he owned, all designed by John A. Dempwolf. The three-story "Haines Building", opened in 1915 on North George Street, also served as headquarters for his shoe company; it was torn down in the 1960s for off-street parking spaces.He built another four-story Haines Building at 101 East Market Street in 1922 and sold it in 1954 after having donated the shoe store space to organizations such as the Boy Scouts and Bundles for Britain; as of April 2017, the building was being renovated for business use with ten new apartments on the upper floors. Haines had the five-story building on West Philadelphia Street built in 1925 as a 45-room hotel; he converted it to an apartment building in 1940 and it endures as of 2016 with its "Haines" name across the original main entrance threshold. Philanthropy and legacy

Haines regularly gave back to his customers and community. Politics
In 1922, <mask> ran as the Republican candidate from Pennsylvania's 22nd District to the U.S. House of


texts:
 Representatives, though he lost to Democratic challenger Samuel F. Glatfelter. Later in life, Haines attended a September 1962 campaign rally in Hershey for Republican gubernatorial candidate William Scranton, at which former President Eisenhower spoke. Amid the event's fervor, Haines reportedly stood on a chair, identified himself as the oldest Republican in the room, and announced a tripling of his admission contribution. Yorkshire and Haines Park
In October and November 1924, Haines bought  of land which became known as Yorkshire Ranch.In the late 1920s, he donated a plot of land which became part payment for the first permanent Springetts Fire Company station. After the Great Depression in 1929, he built streets through the ranch land and offered free housing lots to those unemployed who agreed to build homes there, as he began developing the Yorkshire neighborhood. Haines built a two-room brick schoolhouse in the development in 1930, initially leased for $1 per year to the township's Independent School District. Expanded over the years since, these original school buildings were torn down to create playgrounds for the new Yorkshire Elementary School built adjacently in 2010. When York Fairgrounds turned down his request to use their horse track, <mask> built a half-mile "Haines Park" track in 1928 on a corner of his ranch near what is now the intersection of Northern Way and Eastern Boulevard. Horse races were held weekly and in 1930 the track became the first in the state to have weekly night races with overhead electric lighting. The park also hosted a rodeo for which all proceeds benefitted the Springetts Fire Company.<mask> hosted a celebration in September 1938 to commemorate his 33 years in York. Applying his "Shoe Wizard" nickname, Haines placed a half-page ad in newspapers throughout York County announcing a

masks: Haines Haines


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 week-long series of evening entertainment for the public at Haines Park and other venues at his expense. After World War II the York Horse Show was held at Haines Park. In 1952, most members of the county horsemen's association were convinced to move to the York Fairgrounds for their major shows, and the last show at Haines Park was in mid-August 1952. Haines sold the  Haines Park to Eastland Realty Company in summer 1953, who developed the track area into a trailer park which remained into the 1960s. In the 1970s, a Best Products store was built on the infield of the former track, a building which later became the regional headquarters for AAA. Boy Scouts
<mask> owned  of fields and woodlands in eastern York County and beginning in 1941, he hosted a special "Haines Safari" gathering of area Boy Scouts there about every five years to celebrate his birthday.After the fifth such gathering in 1960, Haines donated the land to the York-Adams Area Council of Boy Scouts. Known as "Wizard Ranch", the scouts have year-round camping on the grounds and continue to organize "Wizard Safari" events there every four to five years, drawing thousands of attendees. Haines received the Silver Antelope Award from the scouts in 1944. The Lancaster County Conservancy bought the Wizard Ranch land in 2018, to become part of the Hellam Hills Nature Preserve, and still allow the scouts to use it for safari events and camping. Shoe House

It was in 1948 that he began construction of the Haines Shoe House in Hallam with three bedrooms, two bathrooms, a kitchen, and a living room. Via a newspaper ad in July 1949, he publicly thanked 20 local businesses that had a part in the project. Its exterior modeled after a work boot, Haines lived in the house briefly before using it to host older couples and honeymooners affiliated with his shoe stores, providing


texts:
 them with a free weekend in the house, the service of his staff, and a free pair of shoes.The house was offered to the public for rent in the 1950s. Alma mater
In late 1948, <mask> "took a very active part in the Chapter meeting of Agricultural alumni" at his Maryland alma mater and stated "he would personally pay the subscription cost for any agricultural alumnus who did not feel financially able" to request the alumni publication. Haines Acres

In December 1917, Haines bought  of what became a  farm east of York in Springettsbury Township. Named Haines Acres, along what would later be named Haines Road,  he built his home on the farm in 1922. Haines sold the home to a local surgeon in 1952. The surrounding farm was sold to local real estate firm Epstein & Sons in November 1953, and it was developed into the Haines Acres subdivision. He gave $2,500 to the Boy Scouts in exchange for the housing development being named after him.The farm buildings were eventually demolished and their land became part of the development in the 1970s. Haines Acres Shopping Center, constructed beginning in 1962 in the southwest corner of the subdivision, also bears his name. <mask>' former home remains as part of a Presbyterian church at 311 Haines Road. From Haines Acres, he moved into "The Hermitage", which he built across the street from the Shoe House. Employees and others
After selling a  cattle ranch in South Dakota in 1960, Haines gave his shoe business to 28 key employees. He also gave substantial gifts to farmers of his land, boy and girl scouts, YMCA, YWCA, his church, and York Hospital. In 1953, Haines was featured in the short Paramount film The Spirit of Seventy, which promoted the value of physical exercise.<mask> founded a "Three Quarter Century Baseball Team" for senior citizens in St. Petersburg, Florida, near a winter home he had

masks: Haines Haines Haines


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 in Snell Isle. He attributed his own success at the game to staying fit and abstaining from alcohol and tobacco. The film was shown before featured attractions nationally to 1955, and first in York at the Elmwood Theatre. Upon dying, <mask> gave the Haines Shoe House to his employees. The house has since had a series of owners and is currently a museum and an ice cream and gift shop open from March to October. Personal life

Mother
As a widow, <mask>' mother, Elizabeth Ann <mask>, moved to Washington, D.C., in 1882 and became a successful businesswoman. After ten years of living with her children above a small store on 11th Street S.E., they moved to Seward Square and she hired architect Julius Germuiller to design a large department store building at Eighth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, S.E.Completed in 1892, it was advertised as "the largest store in the world, built, owned and controlled by a woman". She is known to have donated to leaders of the 1894 Coxey's Army protest march. Much of her store was burned in a 1905 fire, and she decided to sell it in 1910. The  building was expected to sell for about $30 million in 2019. <mask>' mother had an orange and grapefruit plantation on the Isle of Pines – at that time an American territory before it was returned to Cuba in 1925. In January 1913, <mask> left on a primarily steamship trip to visit her there, going with Edward Schaszberger, the father-in-law of a friend in the Dempwolf family. <mask>' mother met former Philippine province governor William F. Pack on the island, and they married about June 1913.Governor Pack Road in Baguio is named for him. The Packs visited her daughter in Washington in July 1915, from which they were then to visit Haines in York. First wife
<mask> married June Brown Irwin (1885–1951) of Union County on October 20, 1909. They had three children:

masks:
Haines
Haines
Morrison Haines
Haines
Haines
Haines
Haines


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 Stanley Emerson (1910–1966), <mask> Nathaniel II (1912–1960), and June Irwin (1916–1918). The Haines's first suburban residence was designed by John A. Dempwolf in 1912 and occupied in April 1913, at the intersection of North Rockburn and East Philadelphia Streets in Springettsbury Township, and still standing in 2018. In July 1951, Haines bought the former Kreutz Creek One-Room Schoolhouse with plans to use it as a public lecture hall dubbed the "Haines School of Brains". Haines gave up such plans after his wife died unexpectedly two months later, and sold the building in October.It still stood as a private residence as of 2019. Second wife and death
<mask> first met second wife Grace Marianne Churchill of London, England, while on a westward trans-Atlantic steamship cruise in summer 1955. After much correspondence, the two married on June 5, 1957. Grace was 30 years younger and this was her first marriage. In 1961, <mask> placed his "Hermitage" home, across from the Shoe House, up for sale. He and his second wife had planned to build a new "Churchill Downs" estate along Accomac Road near his Wizard Ranch property. Their plans included a large, enclosed riding arena that could host horse shows.<mask> was never able to finish negotiating a land purchase for this project, however. <mask> died on October 31, 1962, while under intensive care after collapsing with a "heart ailment" a few days after undergoing "a successful operation". In addition to his son Stanley and second wife Grace, he was survived by "three grandchildren and a number of nieces and nephews". References

1875 births
1962 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
People from Guernsey County, Ohio
People from Washington, D.C.
People from York, Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania Republicans
Shoe business
Springettsbury Township, York County, Pennsylvania
University of

masks: Mahlon Haines Haines Haines Haines


texts:
<mask>, also known as G.D<mask>, was an Indian revolutionary associated with the pioneers of the Gadhar movement involved in the Indo-German conspiracy  during the First World War. Beginning in the North-West of India
<mask> (born ? – died ? ),  was a native of Bannu on the North-West Frontier Province, now in Pakistan. "Guran Ditta" is Punjabi for "Given By the Gurus" - a comparatively common name in the Sikh community, so his actual name is more likely to be <mask>. In 1893 the 2,640 km long Durand line was created to separate British India from the rebel tribes in Afghanistan. <mask> began his working life as an apprentice to an Indian photographer at Rawal Pindi.Emigration to West Bengal

Attracted by the National College at Kolkata with Sri Aurobindo as principal, in 1907 he  joined it as a teacher of Hindi and Urdu. Earlier he had come to know Taraknath Das and Surendramohan Bose. Moreover, the Maratha Lodge, where he resided, was a boarding-house frequented by other revolutionary suspects of the time. Arrested in Mumbai, in February 1909, Ganesh Savarkar, brother of Vinayak Savarkar, was found in possession of "60 pages of closely typed matter in English, which proved to be a copy of the same bomb manual (…) found in the Manicktolla garden [in Kolkata]. Savarkar's copy was more complete, as it contained 45 sketches of the bombs, mines and buildings to illustrate the text." (Ker, p182). Activity in Canada
On 31 October 1907, <mask> landed in Victoria, B.C., and was received by Taraknath Das to look after a grocery store.In February 1908, the Canadian Press accused him of  directing a seditious organisation among the Sikh labourers in British Columbia;  he repudiated this charge in a letter published in the Punjabee of Lahore on 5 November 1908, claiming himself to be  a Sikh, signing himself G.D<mask> Singh. Constantly visiting Taraknath Das in Seattle, in August 1909, he settled there. In  November he opened at 1632, 2nd Avenue West, Fairview, in Vancouver, a

masks:
Guran Ditt Kumar
. Kumar Singh
Guran Ditt Kumar
Guran Ditta Singh
Kumar
Kumar
. Kumar


texts: hostel called the Swadesh Sewak  ('Servant of the Motherland')  : in addition to a night school of  Shashida type, to teach English and Mathematics, the building was used for the office and the press of the a monthly paper of the same name  that he published in Gurumukhi, broadly reflecting the objectives of  Free Hindustan edited by Taraknath Das. "Its tone generally became more and more objectionable, and as it was addressed principally to the Sikhs in the Indian Army in their own language, and was being sent out to India in considerable numbers (…) Its importation into India was prohibited in March 1911, under the Sea Customs Act." (Ker, pp230–231). With a new immigration law passed on 9 May 1910, when the condition of Indians in British Columbia further deteriorated, <mask> as the Secretary of the local Hindustani Association wrote, on 28 June, to the Prime Minister of Canada to protest against the unfair move. Availing of Tarak's return to Vancouver in September, they utilised the temper of the Indians to organise among them a revolutionary movement.(Bose, p53). These grievances were to bring about much trouble in the future years. For example, reports of two meetings held at Vancouver on 24 April and at Victoria on 15 May 1910, <mask> in the May issue of his paper discussed: (1) The law creates an unfair distinction between the European and the Indian subjects of the British Government. (2) Indians are subjected to an additional disgrace in that even Japanese are admitted more readily than they are. (3) Only Indians who have come direct from an Indian port are admitted: two examples of the working of this rule are given. (4) As there is no direct route from India to Canada, the above rule operates to prevent immigration altogether. (5) Other countries, e.g., the United States, have laws to prohibit the immigration of Chinese and other labourers; but Canada prohibits even the immigration of Indian merchants and students as in the case of Jogesh Chandra Misra

masks: Kumar Kumar


texts:
 who was sent out by a Kolkata association as a student, was prevented from landing, and is now studying at Seattle University.(6) Even the members of the families of Indians owning land in Canada have to show 200 dollars each on landing. (7) The present law is a restriction on the liberty of the subject. (8) Other British subjects get a vote after six months' residence, but Indians do not. No doubt such anti-Indian distinctions exist in America, Germany or Japan; the result of the Canadian law is that Indians have to admit with regret that they are better off in foreign countries than in British territory. (Ker, pp231–232). The paper came to an end in 1911. In spite of a considerably moderate  tone than that of the Free Hindustan, <mask> as much as Das raised the presumption of sedition, as confirmed by the discovery early in 1911 that  they distributed, among other harmful publications,  the Bande Mataram published by Madame Cama and the Talvar by Virendranath Chattopadhyay from Paris.They drew the attention of Sikhs in America and India to the "vulgar effusions" of certain Canadian papers on the immigration question. Racism Towards Hindus in Canada
They circulated, for instance, the reprint of an article quoted by the Aryan in its issue of March–April 1912 : "The smoke-coloured Hindu, exotic, unmixable, picturesque, a languid worker and a refuge for fleas, we will always have with us, but we don't want any more of him. We don't want any Hindu women. We don't want any Hindu children. It's nonsense to talk about Hindu assimilation. The Sikh may be of Aryan stock; I always thought he was of Jewish extraction. He may be near-white though he does not look it.But we know him, and don't want any more of him. British Columbia cannot allow any more of the dark meat of the world to come to this province. To deport these British subjects from India would be the wisest thing. These Sikhs are far too obtrusive. They are of no use to the country. British Columbia would be a


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 hundred times better off without them. Certainly no more of them must be allowed to come."Both Das and <mask> with the help of Surendramohan Bose and Hussain Rahim  had set to bring together the various Indian communities in terms of a united action, until it reached the climax in the Gadhar organisation. Bose had been sent to Japan by the Scientific and Industrial Association of Kolkata in 1906. On reaching Canada at the end of 1907, Bose had informed Sri Aurobindo on 26 December, that Bengalis were wrong in hoping for Japanese help in their nationalist movement, although they had some sympathisers. Specialised in chemistry, he also toured as a lecturer on Indian subjects. In 1913 he became the general secretary of the Hindustan Association of the USA. Shortly before leaving America, in 1913,  from Chicago, he sent to Harnam  notes and formulae of his own for making bombs. In January 1914, Bose wrote again from Paris along with "a valuable copy of the process used by the Russian Revolutionists..." Having visited revolutionaries in Paris and Geneva, Bose reached India in February 1914.Harnam Singh (of Sahri) was the other important revolutionary who shared with them this patriotic task : a former trooper of the 4th Cavalry in India, he had gone to China in 1904 and, three years later, reached Canada with <mask>. In 1908-1909 he attended school at Seattle, and went to Vancouver as <mask>'s guest. In a letter to Das, in July 1913, <mask> described Harnam as the leader of the revolutionary movement in Vancouver. Owing to his friendship with Harnam, Baba Gurdit Singh of the Komagata Maru affair knew well this zealous group and, prior to his expedition, had received from Das names and addresses of the leading Jugantar figures like Atulkrishna Ghose and Satish Chakravarti who worked under Jatindranath Mukherjee. Harnam was deported from San Francisco on 26 September 1914. Mission to the Far East
While the Gadhar ramifications extended widely, in May 1913, <mask> sailed

masks: Kumar Kumar Kumar Kumar Kumar