texts:
 229 lb. Metcalf chased down Baker and tackled him at the Seattle 8-yard line, preventing a touchdown.On their ensuing possession, Arizona failed to score, turning the ball over on downs after an incomplete pass from the 3-yard line. Metcalf reached a top speed of 22.64 mph (36.43 km/h), making it the second-fastest in pursuit in the NFL to that point in the season. Ironically, the play was also compared to Leon Lett's Super Bowl XXVII gaffe, yet this time in a far more favorable light. The play was met with awe by fans and athletes alike, and became the basis for a popular meme on social media. In Week 8 against the San Francisco 49ers, Metcalf caught 12 receptions on 15 targets for 161 yards and two touchdowns, including a 46-yard touchdown catch-and-run during the 37–27 win. In Week 12 against the Philadelphia Eagles on Monday Night Football, he had ten receptions for a career-high 177 receiving yards during the 23–17 win. Metcalf finished the season with 1,303 receiving yards and 10 touchdowns.With 1,303 receiving yards, Metcalf set the franchise record for the Seahawks, surpassing Steve Largent's record from 35 years prior. He was named a second team All-Pro in 2020 alongside Bobby Wagner and Jamal Adams as the other Seahawk All-Pros. In the Wild Card Round of the playoffs against the Los Angeles Rams, Metcalf recorded 5 receptions for 96 yards and two touchdowns, including a 51-yard touchdown reception, during the 30–20 loss. Metcalf was ranked 22nd on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2021 for his performance during the 2020 season. 2021
Earlier in the year before the start of the NFL season, he participated in the 100 meter part of the USATF


type: original

texts:
 Golden Games and Distance Open in Walnut, California. He hoped to qualify for the Olympic trials with this performance. Though he indeed didn't qualify, he had a "respectable" time of 10.37 seconds, beating out 2 of the 17 other competitors.In a game against the Green Bay Packers, he grabbed three opposing players' face masks and was ejected from the game, but tried to sneak back into the next huddle despite his ejection. NFL career statistics

Postseason

NFL records
Most receiving yards by a rookie in a playoff game: (160 vs. Philadelphia Eagles on January 5, 2020)

Seahawks records
Most receiving yards in rookie debut: (89 vs. Cincinnati Bengals on September 8, 2019)
Most yards in a season: 1,303 (2020)

Personal life
Metcalf's father, Terrence, was an offensive lineman in the NFL. After ESPN announcer Joe Tessitore mistakenly called him "Decaf Metcalf", Metcalf partnered with Volcanica Coffee. Beginning in December 2019, 16-ounce bags of coffee labeled "Decaf Metcalf" began selling on the company's website. Part of the proceeds from the coffee sales will be donated to Prison Fellowship, an organization Metcalf has a long-standing relationship with. Metcalf is a born-again Christian. References

External links
 Sports-Reference (college)
Ole Miss Rebels bio
Seattle Seahawks bio

1997 births
Living people
African-American players of American football
African-American Christians
American Christians
American football wide receivers
Sportspeople from Oxford, Mississippi
Players of American football from Mississippi
Ole Miss Rebels football players
Seattle Seahawks players
21st-century African-American sportspeople
National Conference Pro Bowl


texts:
<mask><mask> (November 5, 1940 – September 28, 2018) was a decorated  United States Marine Corps Major General. <mask> was a combat veteran — receiving the Navy Cross for his heroic actions during the Vietnam War, as well as the Silver Star, two Legions of Merit, four Bronze Stars and five Purple Hearts. Marine Corps Career
<mask> enlisted in the United States Marine Corps in 1960 and completed multiple tours of duty with 1st Marine Division in the Republic of Vietnam, where he served as a squad leader, platoon sergeant, platoon commander and company gunnery sergeant. <mask> was wounded multiple times and awarded the Bronze Star Medal with Valor device. <mask> was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1968 via the Meritorious NCO Program. Upon completion of The Basic School in 1968, he was assigned to the 5th MEB, and 3rd Marine Division, where he served as a platoon commander. <mask> served a second tour in Vietnam as an Advisor with the Vietnamese Marine Corps.<mask> was awarded the Silver Star Medal for heroism in April 1972 and the Navy Cross for heroism in July 1972. Upon his return from Vietnam, <mask> was assigned to the Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego as company commander, battalion operations officer and regimental operations officer. In late 1976, he was assigned to the 5th Marine Regiment where he served as company commander, battalion operations officer, and battalion executive officer. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in October 1983. <mask> served as executive officer of the 6th Marine Regiment and then two years as commanding officer of 3rd Battalion, 4th Marines. he was promoted to colonel in September 1989. <mask> assumed command of 6th Marines on June 13, 1990.<mask> relinquished

masks:
Lawrence H
. Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston


texts:
 command of 6th Marines on February 27, 1992. His numerous staff assignments include student at Armed Forces Staff College, Norfolk,Virginia (1979 to 1980); Tactics Group Chief and Operations Officer of The Basic School, Marine Corps Combat Development Command (1980 to 1983); Operations Officer, Marine Aircraft Group 15, 1st Marine Aircraft Wing; student at the National War College in Washington, D.C (1986 to 1987) and Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff for Force Structure Implementation, Plans, Policies and Operations Department, Headquarters Marine Corps (1992 to 1995). He was selected for promotion to brigadier general in December 1991 and promoted to major general in February 1995. He assumed his last assignment in June 1995 as the Commanding General, 2nd Marine Division, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. Awards and honors
His personal decorations include:

Navy Cross citation
LIVINGSTON, LAWRENCE H.
Captain, U.S. Marine Corps
Advisor (Attached), 1st Vietnamese Marine Corps Infantry Battalion
Date of Action: July 11, 1972

The Navy Cross is presented to <mask><mask>, Captain, U.S. Marine Corps, for extraordinary heroism on 11 July 1972 while serving as Senior Advisor to the 1st Vietnamese Marine Corps Infantry Battalion during a heliborne assault into enemy-held territory northeast of Quang Tri City, Republic of Vietnam. When the battalion encountered unexpectedly heavy enemy fire while disembarking into the landing zone, and sustained numerous casualties, Captain <mask> moved throughout the hasty positions taken by the scattered and hesitant element and formed the Marines into an assault force. Despite the continuing heavy concentration of hostile fire, he began the assault on the initial objective - a treeline

masks:
Lawrence H
. Livingston
Livingston


texts:
 approximately 50 yards distant.Although blown from his feet by explosions and periodically delayed to reform and redirect his casualty-riddled force, he forged ahead, leading the Vietnamese Marines into the enemy-infested trench lines of the objective and a subsequent hand-to-hand battle. Upon seizure of the initial portion of the trench line, Captain <mask> shed his combat equipment, emerged from the trench line, and exposed himself to a hail of enemy fire to reach and carry his wounded naval gunfire spotter to a position of relative safety. Captain <mask>'s repeated acts of heroism in the face of heavy enemy fire reflected great credit upon himself and the Marine Corps and were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service. Silver Star citation
The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Captain <mask> <mask> (MCSN: 0-107447), United States Marine Corps, for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action while serving in the Republic of Vietnam on 12 April 1972 as the Assistant United States Marine Advisor to the First Infantry Battalion, Vietnamese Marine Corps. Captain <mask> and the company of Marines with which he was participating in a search operation, having just taken a prisoner for interrogation, were ambushed by a Vietnamese platoon. Within thirty seconds intense enemy fire had killed the Vietnamese Officer in Charge and killed or wounded all but two of the friendly forces in the immediate area. Without hesitation and with complete disregard for his own safety, Captain <mask> braved intense enemy fire to recover the body of the Vietnamese officer and to remove several wounded to a protected area.Then, realizing that the

masks:
Livingston
Livingston
Lawrence Herbert
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston


texts:
 prisoner would be able to provide intelligence, he questioned him and learned the enemy disposition. By organizing the resistance of his Vietnamese comrades, he ensured that the company was able to drive off the North Vietnamese. Captain <mask>'s courageous and decisive action immediately following the death of the Vietnamese commander not only resulted in the withdrawal of the enemy platoon, saving an untold number of friendly casualties, but enabled the Vietnamese Marines, with the aid of supporting artillery fire, to inflict serious damage to a larger enemy unit nearby. Captain <mask>'s devotion to duty, courage under fire and exemplary professionalism were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service. See also
List of Navy Cross recipients for the Vietnam War
List of 2nd Marine Division commanders

References

External links

1940 births
2018 deaths
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Silver Star
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)
United States Marine Corps generals
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Gulf War
Military personnel from Ohio
People from Defiance, Ohio
Joint Forces Staff College alumni
National War College

masks: Livingston Livingston


texts:
<mask>, in Italy also called Il fiammingo (Antwerp, c. 1620 – between 1686 and 1690) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman. After training in Antwerp, he spent his entire career abroad, first in Northern Italy and later in Vienna and other cities in central Europe. He was mainly a portrait artist but also painted genre scenes as well as religious, mythological and allegorical subjects. He was part of a network of Flemish and Dutch painters working for the court, aristocracy and ecclesiastical institutions of central Europe. Life
Details about the life of <mask> are sketchy. He is believed to have been born in Antwerp around 1620. It is not clear who was his master.He is not recorded with any of the contemporary painters as a pupil. It is therefore possible that he studied with Rubens or Jordaens, two artists who as court artists were exempted from the requirement to register their pupils with the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke. There exists no documentary evidence for such apprenticeship. It is also possible that he was trained outside of Antwerp. He was admitted as a master in the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke in the guild year 1646–47. On 18 October 1648 he joined the 'Sodaliteit van de Bejaerde Jongmans' (Sodality of the Unmarried Men of Age), a fraternity for bachelors established by the Jesuit order. He left Flanders and is subsequently recorded in Northern Italy, where he is documented in Lovere in 1657 as working on an altarpiece for the local church of St George.The large painting depicting Moses striking the rock is still in situ. He was recorded in Bergamo in 1658 where he painted the Abraham and Abimelech for the Santa Maria Maggiore Church, which is still in situ. He is documented in Brescia in 1660–1661. In this location he resided long enough to train the painter Angelo Everardi, who was likely of Flemish descent and was known as il Fiammenghino. Although there is no documentary evidence for this, it is likely that he was also active in Mantua

masks:
Jan de Herdt
Jan de Herdt


texts: for a while. The artistic direction of the Ducal Court in Mantua had been for decades in the hands of Flemish artists, first Daniel van <mask> and later Frans Geffels. Geffels was also from Antwerp and had become a member of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke a year earlier than <mask>dt.He had then left to work in Italy while also working for periods in, and maintaining links, with Vienna, where both artists are believed to have arrived in the early 1660s. It is likely that the artists knew each other as they both contributed to a collaborative book published in Vienna, the Historia di Leopoldo Cesare. <mask> <mask> followed in the footsteps of many of his compatriots of the previous generation who sought a career in Central Europe. The Southern Netherlands had developed a close bond with the Imperial court in Vienna as its Spanish rulers were connected with it through dynastic links. The governors of the Southern Netherlands were often members of the Austrian Imperial family. They occasionally took artists from Flanders back with them when they returned to Vienna after being called back from their post. This was the case with Archduke Leopold Wilhelm, who brought artists such as <mask> <mask> Baren, Franciscus <mask> Steen and Nikolaus van Hoy back with him to Vienna.<mask> <mask>'s brother had preceded him as he was working in Vienna as a goldsmith to the court and may have been instrumental in introducing <mask> to the court in Vienna. While he is believed to have arrived in Vienna around 1660, <mask> is first documented in Vienna on 8 January 1662. On that date he signed his name in the ecclesiastical registers of the Schottenkirche (Scottish church) in Vienna as he together with the Flemish engraver Franciscus <mask> Steen acted as a witnesses at the wedding of the Dutch artist <mask> <mask>. <mask> <mask> later collaborated with <mask> Steen on a series of aristocratic portraits for the publication Historia di Lepoldo Cesare. Frans Geffels also

masks:
den Dyck
de Her
Jan de
Herdt
Jan Anton
van der
van der
Jan de
Herdt
Jan
Jan
van der
Hans de
Jode
Jan de
Herdt
van der


texts:
 contributed to this publication. In Vienna, <mask>dt painted portraits of courtiers as well as history paintings for their chateaux and palaces. He appears in the business records of Forchondt, a family business of art dealers from Antwerp who served clients throughout Europe and had a branch in Vienna.The son of the founder of the family business trained as a goldsmith with <mask>'s brother in Vienna. The records of the Forchondt firm show that in 1671 Prince Schwarzenberg bought a painting on the subject of Armida and Rinaldo, which was likely the Rinaldo preventing Armida's suicide by <mask>dt (now in the former Augustinian monastery in Brno). <mask> may have been active in Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou (now in the Czech Republic) from the beginning of 1666 to January 1667. From 1666 to 1668 <mask>dt worked in Brno. He is recorded in Prague in 1680 where he had accompanied the court when it fled Vienna due to an outbreak of the plague. He was in Třebíč from 1880 to 1881 and, in this last year, also in Znojmo. In 1684 he executed two works for patrons in Prague but these were possibly created elsewhere.The last report of his presence in Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou dates back to 1686. After 1686 there is no more news of the artist. The exact time and place of his death are not known. There are no records about him after 1686. It is believed he died sometime between 1686 and 1690 in Central Europe. Work
<mask> <mask> was a versatile painter who painted portraits, stories from the bible, history paintings and genre scenes. He signed the vast majority of his works with the most widespread variant of his name J. D<mask>.The most apparent influences on his work are Antwerp's leading painters Anthony van Dyck, Rubens, Jordaens and Caspar <mask>er. The style of <mask>'s portraits shows the influence of the van Dyckian portrait model. This influence is also recognisable in his series of paintings recounting stories from Torquato Tasso's 'Gerusalemme Liberata' such as

masks:
de Her
Jan
de Her
Jan
de Her
Jan de
Herdt
. Herdt
de Cray
de Herdt


texts:
 the Erminia and the shepherds. <mask> <mask> also was aware of trends in Central European painting. This is shown in his Portrait of the family of Imperial Goldsmith Franz Wilhelm <mask> von Antorff (Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium). <mask>'s family portrait likely includes a self-portrait in the young man on the left who holds a watch in his left hand and points with his right hand to the floor. Alternatively, this may be a portrait of his nephew.Given the similarities between the two works, <mask>'s family portrait may indicate that he had seen the Family of precious stone cutter Dionysius Miseroni (National Gallery Prague) painted by the Czech portrait painter Karel Škréta in 1653. This was one of the first group portraits of this kind in Central Europe. In 1669 Tobias Pock painted a Self-Portrait with the artist's family in which he depicted himself in a manner that is almost identical to the one used by <mask> <mask> in his family portrait. Pock may have known <mask>'s family portrait. <mask> <mask> along with the above-mentioned artists created an entirely new visual language in Central Europe through this type of communicative group portrait. [[File:<mask> <mask> - Portrait of Franz Augustin of Waldstein.jpg|thumb|200px|Portrait of Franz Augustin von Waldstein]]

<mask> <mask> collaborated on the publication Historia di Leopoldo Cesare written by Galeazzo Gualdo Priorato and published in Vienna by the Flemish publisher from Antwerp Johann Baptist Hacque. The first and second volumes of the book were published in 1670 and a third one in 1674.The first volume described the political and military successes of Emperor Leopold I between 1656 and 1670. It was mainly illustrated with prints made by Flemish and Dutch printmakers after designs by other Netherlandish artists as well as artists from Germany and Italy. The illustrations mainly depict portraits of European monarchs and important aristocrats, castle scenes, battle scenes, maps and

masks:
Jan de
Herdt
de Harde
De Herdt
de Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
de Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
Jan de
Herdt


texts:
 ceremonies. Apart from <mask> <mask>, the Dutch and Flemish artists who contributed to the work were Frans Geffels, Cornelis Meyssens, Franciscus <mask> Steen, Gerard Bouttats, Adriaen van Bloemen, Sebastian van Dryweghen and Jacob Toorenvliet. German artists Moritz Lang, Johann Martin Lerch and Johann Holst and Italians Il Bianchi, Marco Boschini and Leonardus Hen.t Venetiis also contributed. <mask> <mask> contributed at least six designs for portraits: Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, Duke Ferdinand Dietrichstein, Count Jean-Louis Raduit <mask>, Count Raimund Montecuccoli, Count <mask> and Count Nicholas Zrinsky. The prints designed by <mask>dt in this publication have been used as the basis for attributing paintings to <mask>.For instance, the Portrait of the Polish nobleman and commander Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski (Royal Castle, Warsaw) was attributed in this manner. <mask> is also the author of a series of portraits of members of the Waldstein family. The works <mask> created in Italy are all found in Lombardy. In 1920 the artist's signature was discovered on the altarpiece of the high altar of the Church of Saint Maurice in Breno in Lombardy, northern Italy. The altarpiece depicts Saint Maurice kneeling before the Virgin and Child. There was a Portrait of St. Elizabeth (now lost) in the Church of St. Francis of Assisi in Brescia. There is an altarpiece depicting the Virgin in the clouds with Saints Anthony of Padua and Valentine'', signed J.<mask> F. in situ at the Church of San Giovanni Decollato in Desenzano del Garda. Another painting by <mask> in Lombardy is an altarpiece of Moses striking the rock preserved in the Church of Saint Georges in Lovere. This work is remarkable for its large size (785 cm high and 500 cm wide) and the movement of the large crowd depicted in it. References

External links

1620 births
1686 deaths
Painters from Antwerp
Flemish Baroque painters
Flemish portrait painters
Flemish genre painters
Flemish history

masks:
Jan de
Herdt
van der
Jan de
Herdt
de Souches
Jan Rottal
de Her
de Herdt
De Herdt
de Herdt
De Herdt
de Herdt


texts: Elizabeth Cavendish, later Elizabeth Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury (c. 152713 February 1608), known as <mask> of Hardwick (née <mask>), of Hardwick Hall in Derbyshire, was a notable figure of Elizabethan English society. By a series of well-made marriages, she rose to the highest levels of English nobility and became enormously wealthy. Bess was a shrewd business woman, increasing her assets with business interests including mines and glass-making workshops. She was married four times. Her first husband was Robert Barley (or Barlow), who died aged about 14 or 15 on 24 December 1544. Her second husband was the courtier Sir William Cavendish. Her third husband was Sir William St Loe.Her last husband was George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, sometime keeper to the captive Mary, Queen of Scots. An accomplished needlewoman, Bess joined her husband's captive charge at Chatsworth House for extended periods in 1569, 1570, and 1571, during which time they worked together on the Oxburgh Hangings. In 1601, Bess ordered an inventory of the household furnishings, including textiles, at her three properties at Chatsworth, Hardwick, and Chelsea, which survives. In her will she bequeathed these items to her heirs to be preserved in perpetuity. The 400-year-old collection, now known as the Hardwick Hall textiles, is the largest collection of tapestry, embroidery, canvaswork, and other textiles to have been preserved by a single private family. Bess is also well known for her building projects, the most famous of which are Chatsworth, now the seat of the Dukes of Devonshire (whose

masks:
Bess
Elizabeth Hardwick


texts:
 family name is Cavendish as they descend from the children of her second marriage), and Hardwick Hall. Origins
<mask> was the daughter of <mask> of Derbyshire by his wife Elizabeth Leeke, daughter of Thomas Leeke and Margaret Fox.Her exact birthdate is unknown, occurring in the period 1521 to 1527; that said, according to her witness statement under oath at a court hearing in October 1546, in which she gives her age at the time of her first marriage in May 1543 as being 'of tender years', i.e. less than 16, would indicate 1527. It cannot be later than 1527 because of the date of her father's death, given in his Inquisition Post Mortem. The Hardwicks had arrived in Derbyshire from Sussex by the mid-thirteenth century, and farmed land granted by Robert Savage, lord of the manor of Slingsby, on the north-east border of Derbyshire, looking over Nottinghamshire. By the mid-fifteenth century the family had risen to 'gentleman-yeoman' stock, with an estate of a few hundred acres located mainly in the parish of Ault Hucknall in the manor of Slingsby. The Hardwick coat of arms of Hardwick was probably granted c. 1450 to <mask>. The blazon is: Argent, a saltier engrailed azure on a chief of the second three cinquefoils of the first.When giving evidence of his right to arms in 1569, Bess's only brother, <mask> (1525-1580/1), provided the heralds with a pedigree of his family which began with this William, who died c. 1453. James was the last surviving legitimate male member of the <mask> family. The <mask>s were members of the minor gentry of Scarsdale; no male member of the

masks:
Elizabeth Hardwick
John Hardwick
William Hardwick
James Hardwick
Hardwick
Hardwick


texts:
 <mask> family rose above the status of esquire or held any important local or county offices. Bess was born into this relatively minor gentry family. Her fourth marriage to the earl of Shrewsbury in 1567 elevated her to the rank of 'countess', and following the earl's death in November 1590, Bess became one of the richest women in the kingdom. She set about building her greatest monument, Hardwick New Hall, which was completed in 1599. Early life
<mask> died aged about 40 leaving a widow, son (and heir), and four daughters (five daughters were alive at the time he wrote his will).His widow Elizabeth Leeke then remarried Ralph, the second son of the neighbouring Leche (or Leach) family of Chatsworth, in Derbyshire, by whom she would leave an additional three co-heiresses. Little is known of Bess's early life. She appears to have been espoused to her first husband during the 1530s, and probably married for the first time in 1543. Despite the story being often repeated, there is no contemporary evidence whatsoever to support Dugdale's later claims that she became familiar with city life and the Tudor Court after being sent to live, aged twelve, in the London household of Anne Gainsford, Lady Zouche of Codnor Castle in Derbyshire, where she was supposedly influenced by Lady Zouche. Despite a lack of evidence, it is possible – but no more than that – that at some point, perhaps after the death of her first husband, she entered the service of the Zouches at Codnor Castle in Derbyshire. A close family associate was a man named Henry Marmion whose family held land close to

masks:
Hardwick
John Hardwick


texts:
 Codnor, and may have commended Bess to the Zouches who, along with the Vernons, were the only major Derbyshire family likely to have taken in such children. However, Anne Gainsford was in service in the households of Anne Boleyn and Jane Seymour, and despite marrying Sir George Zouche in 1533, spent much of her time at court until after 1536, when she and Sir George made Codnor Castle their main residence.Not surprisingly, this period coincides with that Dugdale claimed Bess was in service to Anne Gainsford in London and at Codnor. However, there is no evidence to support the story, and Dugdale would have known much more about the early life of Lady Zouche than was known of Bess's origins. It is again down to Dugdale that the story came about that from Codnor Bess entered the service of the Greys at Bradgate in Leicestershire, where she met and married her second husband, Sir William Cavendish. She certainly married Sir William at Bradgate, but that in itself does not prove that Bess was in service at Bradgate. It remains possible that she met Sir William elsewhere, possibly at Codnor. Bess's four marriages

First marriage
In 1543, Bess married 13-year-old Robert Barley (or Barlow), heir to a neighbouring estate. The exact date of her marriage to Robert is unknown.It is thought that the marriage took place late May 1543, shortly before the death of Robert's father on 28 May. There is no evidence that they lived together as man and wife. Robert died in December 1544. There was no issue from the marriage, which had been arranged locally, probably initially to protect


texts:
 the Barley patrimony and to mitigate the impact of wardship on the Barley estate should Robert succeed his father as an underage heir. The traditional story that Robert and Bess met in London while in the service of a "Lady Zouche" is based on oral history, which can only be dated to the late seventeenth century (some eighty years after Bess's death). The marital claims to Robert's estate were disputed, and following his death Bess was refused dower by Peter Freschevile. A court battle ensued, which resulted in Bess being awarded her claim on the Barley estate and compensation, albeit several years after Robert's death.Second marriage

On 20 August 1547, Bess married the twice-widowed Sir William Cavendish', Treasurer of the King's Chamber, and became Lady Cavendish. The wedding took place at two o'clock in the morning, at the home of the Grey family, friends of the couple. Sir William was more than twice Bess's age and the father of two daughters. His fortune had been made following the Dissolution of the Monasteries, since as an official of the Court of Augmentations he was able to select choice properties for himself. Possibly acting on Bess's advice, Sir William sold his lands in the south of England and bought the Chatsworth estates in her home county of Derbyshire. Sir William Cavendish died on 25 October 1557, leaving Bess widowed a second time and in deep debt to the Crown. Upon his death, Bess claimed the sum of his property, having insisted that his land be settled on their heirs.The eight children of the marriage, two of whom died in infancy, were as


texts:
 follows:
 Frances Cavendish (18 June 1548January 1632), the eldest child, married Sir Henry Pierrepont, MP. Their children were:
 Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull who married Gertrude Talbot. They had five sons including Henry Pierrepont, 1st Marquess of Dorchester and William Pierrepoint, MP. Robert was also the forebear of the Dukes of Kingston-upon-Hull, extinct since 1773. The Earls Manvers (extinct in 1955) succeeded to the Pierrepont Estates. Elizabeth Pierrepont married Sir Thomas Erskine, first Earl of Kellie. Grace Pierrepont married Sir George Manners.They had four children, including John Manners, 8th Earl of Rutland. Temperance Cavendish (10 June 15491550), 2nd child, died in infancy. Henry Cavendish (17 December 155028 October 1616), 3rd child, a godson of Queen Elizabeth I. He married Grace Talbot. Henry Cavendish is the forebear of the Barons Waterpark. The title of Baron Waterpark is extant. He hated his wife and had no legitimate children.Instead he had eight illegitimate children, four boys and four girls. After attempting and failing to liberate his niece Arbella Stuart from his mother's estate, he was disinherited by his mother. Bess referred to him as "my bad son Henry". William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire (27 December 15523 March 1626), 4th child, forebear of the extant Dukes of Devonshire. Charles Cavendish (28 November 15534 April 1617), 5th child, a godson of Queen Mary I of England. He married Catherine Ogle, 8th Baroness Ogle. They had a son:
 William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, forebear of the Dukes


texts:
 of Newcastle, extinct since 1691.The Barony of Ogle is in abeyance, as more than one person has a legal right to claim the title. The estates passed through to the female line to the Dukes of Portland and Newcastle-under-Lyne, both now extinct. Elizabeth Cavendish (31 March 155521 January 1582), 6th child, wife of Charles Stuart, 1st Earl of Lennox. They had a daughter:
 Lady Arbella Stuart, 2nd Countess of Lennox, married William Seymour, 2nd Duke of Somerset, an extant title. Mary Cavendish (January 1556April 1632), 7th child, wife of Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury. They had five children including:
 Lady Alatheia (or Alethea) Talbot, who married Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Norfolk. The title of Duke of Norfolk is extant.Lady Mary Talbot who married William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke. The title Earl of Pembroke is extant. Lady Elizabeth Talbot married Henry Grey, 8th Earl of Kent. The title Earl of Kent from the Grey family has been extinct since 1740. Lucrece Cavendish (born and died 1556), 8th child, probably the twin of Mary. Third marriage

In 1559 Bess married a third time, to Sir William St Loe (1518–1565) (alias St Lowe, Saintlowe, Sentloe, etc.) and became Lady St Loe.Her new husband was Captain of the Guard to Queen Elizabeth I and Chief Butler of England. Due to his relationship with Queen Elizabeth I, he was able to reduce the debt Bess owed and paid it back in full on her behalf. He owned large West Country estates at Tormarton in Gloucestershire and Chew Magna in Somerset, while his principal residence was at Sutton Court in Stowey. When he


texts:
 died without male issue in 1564/5, in suspicious circumstances (probably poisoned by his younger brother), he left everything to Bess, to the detriment of his daughters and brother. In addition to her own six surviving children, Bess was now responsible for the two daughters of Sir William St Loe from his first marriage. However, those two daughters were already adults and otherwise well provided for. Sir William St Loe's death left Bess one of the wealthiest women in England.Her annual income was calculated to amount to £60,000, . Further, she was a Lady of the Bedchamber with daily access to the Queen, whose favour she enjoyed. Still in her late 30s, Bess retained her looks and good health, and a number of important men began courting her. Fourth marriage

Despite being courted by several suitors, Bess did not remarry until 1568, when she married for the fourth time to become Countess of Shrewsbury. Her new husband, George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, was one of the premier aristocrats of the realm, and the father of seven children by his first marriage. Indeed, two of his children were married to two of hers in a double ceremony in February 1568: Bess's daughter Mary Cavendish, aged 12, was given in marriage to Shrewsbury's eldest son Gilbert, aged 16; while Bess's son, Sir Henry Cavendish, aged 18, married Shrewsbury's daughter Lady Grace Talbot, aged 8. In the year before Bess and the Earl of Shrewsbury were married, a political disturbance arose in Scotland, which would profoundly affect their lives.Rebel Scottish lords rose up against Mary, Queen of


texts: Scots, imprisoned her, and forced her to abdicate in favour of her one-year-old infant son, James. In May 1568, Mary escaped captivity in Scotland, and fled south towards England, seeking the protection of her cousin, Queen Elizabeth. However, the English authorities were not sure how to receive her. On 18 May, she was taken into protective custody at Carlisle Castle by local officials. Queen Elizabeth felt obliged to host and protect Mary, her cousin, against the rebellious Scottish lords. However, due to Mary's persistent claim to the English throne, Elizabeth also regarded her as a threat. Elizabeth had Mary moved to Bolton Castle in Yorkshire, where she was lodged under the guard of Francis Knollys, pending the York Conference inquiry, regarding Mary's fate.The inquiry results were inconclusive; yet Elizabeth did not set Mary free. Instead, Mary would be detained under the custody of the Earl of Shrewsbury, and his wife Bess. Elizabeth's instruction to Bess and her husband amounted to little more than Mary's house arrest. Mary reached her new residence, Tutbury Castle, in February 1569, when she was 26 years old, and would remain in the custody of Shrewsbury and Bess for 15 years. Elizabeth shifted the costs of the imprisonment to Shrewsbury. It was recorded that Mary would use the couple's insecurities against each other, even convincing Talbot that Bess was stealing. Mary's presence in their home, as well as the financial costs and political tensions, may have contributed to the rift between Shrewsbury and Bess, which would lead eventually to the break-up of


texts: their marriage.While in the care of the earl and countess, Queen Mary lived at one or another of their many houses in the Midlands: Tutbury, Wingfield Manor, Chatsworth House, and Sheffield Manor. Throughout this period, <mask> spent time as Mary's companion, working with her on embroidery and textile projects. Indeed, all Mary's work later became part of Bess's historical collection at Hardwick Hall. Bess joined Mary at Chatsworth for extended periods in 1569, 1570, and 1571, during which time they worked together on the Oxburgh Hangings. It was not until Mary was removed to another keeper, Sir Amias Paulet, that she got into the trouble that would lead ultimately to her execution. Previous to the Queen's change in custody, Shrewsbury and Bess separated for good. They had been apart, off and on, since about 1580; and even Queen Elizabeth had tried to get them to reconcile.Mary seems to have aggravated, if not created, their problems by playing them off against each other. The Countess spread rumors that her husband Shrewsbury had been in a relationship with Mary, a charge which has never been proved or disproved, and in any case which she later retracted, but seems unlikely given Shrewsbury's disposition and increasingly poor health. On his death in 1590, Bess became Dowager Countess of Shrewsbury. She lived mostly at Hardwicke, where she built the new mansion Hardwick Hall, which inspired the rhyme, "Hardwick Hall, more glass than wall", because of the number and size of its windows. She was indeed one of the greatest builders of her time at Hardwick, Chatsworth


texts:
 House, and Oldcoates. The Stuart connection
In 1574 Bess arranged a marriage between one of her daughters and the son of the Countess of Lennox. This was a significant match for Bess because the Countess of Lennox was Margaret Douglas, a member of the royal family, being the daughter of Margaret Tudor, Queen Dowager of Scotland and sister of Henry VIII, and therefore, also Queen Elizabeth's first cousin.In this match, the bride was Bess's daughter, Elizabeth Cavendish, and the groom was Charles Stuart, who was himself also the first cousin of Mary, Queen of Scots, (through their grandmother, the same Margaret Tudor). The groom was also the younger brother of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley who had been married to Mary until his death. This marriage, therefore, enabled a claim to the throne for any of Bess's grandchildren born of the marriage. The marriage ceremony took place without the knowledge of Shrewsbury, who, though well aware of the suggested match some time prior to this event, declined to accept any responsibility. Due to the Lennox family's claim to the throne, the marriage was considered potentially treasonable, since Queen Elizabeth's consent had not been obtained. The Countess of Lennox, mother of the bridegroom, went to the Tower for several months, and Bess was ordered to London to face an official inquiry, but she ignored the summons, and remained in Sheffield until the row died down. The child of the marriage was Arbella Stuart, who had a claim to the thrones of Scotland and England as the second cousin to King James VI of Scotland (later King James I


texts:
 of England), through their great-grandmother, Margaret Tudor.Arbella was at times invited to Elizabeth's court, but spent most of her time with her grandmother. A BBC documentary showed that <mask> very much desired Arbella to become Queen, even imprisoning the young lady to prevent her from eloping. Arbella blamed her grandmother for this, and the two fell out irrevocably when Arbella attempted to run away and marry a man who, as a descendant of Henry VII, also had a claim to the throne. Bess cut Arbella from her will and begged the Queen to take her granddaughter off her hands. Arbella's royal claim was never recognized. Despite disinheriting Arbella and her eldest son (Henry: for aiding Arbella's escape); Bess later had a "lukewarm reconciliation with her granddaughter. Bess has been an ancestor of the royal line since 1952; Queen Elizabeth II being Bess's descendant through the dukes of Portland, in whose family was Elizabeth II's maternal grandmother, Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck.In 1604 Bess was involved with Queen Anne in an unsuccessful attempt to found a college or university at Ripon in Yorkshire. The scheme was promoted by Cecily Sandys, the widow of the Bishop Edwin Sandys. Death and burial

Bess of Hardwick died at 5 pm on Saturday 13 February 1608, aged 81. At the time of her death she remained "one of the richest, and most powerful women in the kingdom". On 16 February her body was placed in a vault in All Saints Church, Derby, then the parish church of that city (demolished 1723 and rebuilt, since 1927 Derby Cathedral), under an elaborate monument


texts:
 with a laudatory inscription which she took care to put up in her lifetime. The monument with effigy survives, having been saved from the former demolished building. Stories of her body lying in state for weeks in the Great Chamber at Hardwick are mythical.Her accumulated estates were left to her children from her second marriage. Fiction

Television
 A 10-part BBC series about Bess titled Mistress of Hardwick was broadcast in 1972, with Hilary Mason in the title role. The script was written by Alison Plowden, and the series won the Writers' Guild Award for the best educational television series. Most of the episodes are now lost. Plowden wrote a tie-in book, also called Mistress of Hardwick, which was published by the BBC in April 1972. Film
 She is portrayed by Gemma Chan in the 2018 movie Mary Queen of Scots. Literature
 Bess is the main character in Venus in Winter by Gillian Bagwell (2 July 2013).Bess of Hardwick is a character in The Other Queen by Philippa Gregory. Bess is the title character of A Woman of Passion by Virginia Henley. She also features prominently in the book The Captive Queen of Scots by Jean Plaidy. She is the title character in the novel The Queenmaker by Maureen Peters. She appears in The Secret Confessions of Anne Shakespeare by Arliss Ryan. She is the main character in the Jan Westcott historical/biographical fiction novel The Tower and The Dream. In Dorothy Sayers's novel Gaudy Night, Bess of Hardwick is referred to as the mother of Mary, Countess of Shrewsbury, the patroness of the fictitious Shrewsbury College at Oxford.Bess of


texts:
 Hardwick is the narrator of Petticoat King, a 1929 novel by Miriam Michelson. Bess is a character in the short story "Antickes and Frets" by Susanna Clarke, in her 2006 collection The Ladies of Grace Adieu and Other Stories. Music
 The song "Hardwick's Lofty Towers" by Sarah McQuaid is from the perspective of Bess. It appears on her 2012 album The Plum Tree and the Rose. References

Bibliography

  [Biographical fiction]
 [Biography]

External links
 Bess of Hardwick's Letters: The Complete Correspondence, c. 1550–1608, ed. by Alison Wiggins, Alan Bryson, Daniel Starza Smith, Anke Timmermann and Graham Williams, University of Glasgow, web development by Katherine Rogers, University of Sheffield Humanities Research Institute (April 2013)
 The Correspondence of Bess of Hardwick in EMLO

1520s births
1608 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Bess Cavendish
Bess
Shrewsbury, Elizabeth Talbot, Countess of
Waterford
People from Bolsover District
16th-century English women
16th-century English nobility
17th-century English women
17th-century English landowners
17th-century English nobility
16th-century English landowners
16th-century women landowners
Court of Elizabeth


texts:
<mask> (born <mask>-man, 27 August 1973) is a Hong Kong live television compère/host, interviewer, author, and has been a radio announcer and DJ on RTHK (Radio Television Hong Kong) since 1998. Pang is fluent in English and Putonghua, in addition to her native Cantonese. Personal life
Born on 27 August 1973 in Hong Kong to Fujian-ese parents of Vietnamese origin, <mask> was educated in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where her parents now reside. She has one younger sister who participated in the Miss Hong Kong Pageant of 1997. Pang also worked briefly as an airline hostess at Virgin Airways before embarking on her career in Hong Kong broadcasting. In 2000, <mask> married a businessman, but divorced him in 2006. She has one son.Pang was interviewed by local newspaper Ming Pao in Chinese about her personal feelings. Career

Radio
In 1998, Pang began working for government public-broadcaster Radio Television Hong Kong (RTHK) Radio 2, which broadcasts in Cantonese with programmes aimed at youth, entertainment and popular music. Having a brief background as a DJ in Toronto, Pang trained for six months at RTHK and became a very popular broadcast DJ and announcer. In 1999, Pang earned a main character role in the 32-episode Radio RTHK historical drama The Book and the Sword. She became noted for her vocal changes in taking on a character and was sought by dubbing studios and for commercial advertisements. Pang made appearances on RTHK's Teen Power coaching prospective DJs on how to use vocal changes to emote. Pang was asked by director Alan K.K.Yip to sing a Cantonese-version of the theme for a Korean drama.

masks:
Jacqueline Pang
Pang Ka
Pang
Pang


texts:
 "A Wrongly Secured Love" (錯落的深情) rose to the  12 position on the Cantonese Golden Songs Pop Chart in March 2003. Pang released a few records and had other Top 20 songs including "Waiting For Your Love" (等你的愛) sung with Chan Kin Chong (陳敬創). In May 2004, Pang moved from the midnight music programme Late Mother, Late Father to the long-running 06:00–10:00 weekday programme Morning Suite (replacing Candy Che Suk-Mui) and also co-hosted the Saturday 12:00–14:00 Cantonese Top 20 Pop Chart (中文歌曲龍虎榜), increasing her on-air exposure. Despite moving to television news in March 2008, <mask> maintains a presence on RTHK Radio 2. She continued to co-host Cantonese Top 20 Pop Chart until July 2009, filled-in for her Morning Suite replacement on 1 October 2008, and made numerous guest-hosting appearances on other RTHK radio programmes. In October 2009, Pang began a new Sunday afternoon radio programme Lassies and Nerds (中女宅男殺很大) with co-host Tsang Chi Ho (曾志豪), which examines the social needs of those who are single and over the age of 30 in Hong Kong.Master of ceremonies
Known as a very animated hostess for live stage and TV shows and special events, Pang also performs master of ceremonies (MC) duties at high-society private parties. Pang lectures on public speaking at the HK Productivity Council and makes appearances as a judge at the Master-of-Ceremony Competitions. Pang is noted for her hosting of the popular annual environmental programme, The Solar Project, a RTHK combined live radio-and-TV stage production, from 2001 to 2007. Her last "Let's Go" concert by RTHK was held in Hong Kong in conjunction with


texts:
 TVB. Television
Pang started in television in 2001 with segments on RTHK's education channel, ETV, including co-hosting "Education News" and "Inter-School Quiz". She co-hosted a number of televised awards shows and events, including the 21st Hong Kong Film Awards (2002), the 4th Global Chinese Music Awards (2004), benefits for Save China's Tigers (2005) and for victims of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, and Hong Kong's 2008 New Year's celebrations. She is noted for hosting the annual televised production The Solar Project.From October 2007 to February 2008, <mask> co-hosted a thrice-daily 3-minute video news segment 'Witty Banter' for PCCW's 'NOW! News' Channel 332. In March, <mask> was promoted to senior anchor for the channel's weekday morning news programme (09:30–12:30). Also in March 2008, <mask> was invited to host NOW!TV's Dim Sum TV channel current-affairs programme Talk of Fame (點心名人榜). Pang hosted many early episodes, showing her ability to research and interview a wide variety of subjects. Author, playwright and columnist
<mask>'s first book is Yi Zhong Ai Qi Duan Qing (一種愛 七段情', literally translated as 'One Kind of Love but Seven Situations'), a collection of gay and lesbian love stories. It was released on 18 July 2007 at the Hong Kong Book Fair.A second paperback titled 中女挑宅男 is a collection of short stories recounted from her popular RTHK radio programme Lassies and Nerds, published at the end of 2010. In July 2011, <mask> released another Chinese book titled 中女解毒 (or Women in Detoxification) in parallel with a stage play of the same name, in which <mask> starred. A follow-up book was

masks: Pang Pang Pang Pang Pang Pang


texts:
 released at the 2012 Hong Kong Book Fair. <mask> is a regular contributor to weekday (Hong Kong) Chinese-language newspaper AM0730. Her column, running on Tuesdays and Thursdays, is titled "Zhong Nui Wan Sui" (Happy Zhong Girls). Pang also contributed articles in English to the Local section of the free daily newspaper The Standard. These articles echoed her Chinese-language blog.The last of <mask>'s well-received short articles was printed on 25 October 2010. A 2011 interview about her personal life struggles is also in print by The Standard. Detention
On 12 January 2007, <mask> Ching was detained (with several more-prominent RTHK DJs) by Hong Kong's Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) for purportedly being involved in a fraud by a superior involving claims of reimbursement of tens of thousands of Hong Kong dollars between 2002 and 2003. Due to lack of any conclusive evidence, <mask> was released, and returned to host Morning Suite. See also
 21st Hong Kong Film Awards

References

External links
 <mask>'s Official Webpage on RTHK's site
 Jacqueline in a Biographical article from a popular HK Chinese Newspaper
 <mask>g's Chinese Biography in a Free Chinese Newspaper
 <mask>g Chinese Bio "My Wonderful World" (Pgs. 24-30 of the Book-section only) by a Popular Chinese Writer
 <mask>'s Hints & Tips on Voice Training for budding DJs. NOTE: Links that lead to RTHK's Program archives are valid for one year from the date of Broadcast, after which might be removed by RTHK.(They may be available elsewhere as .MP3s with adverts removed). Hong Kong radio personalities
1973 births
Living

masks:
Pang
Pang
Jacqueline Pang
Pang
Jacqueline Pang
Jacqueline Pan
Jacqueline Pan
Jacqueline Pang


texts:
<mask>, Baron Fouqué (); (12 February 1777 – 23 January 1843) was a German writer of the Romantic style. Biography
He was born at Brandenburg an der Havel, of a family of French Huguenot origin, as evidenced in his family name. His grandfather, <mask>qué, had been one of <mask>'s generals and his father was a Prussian officer. Although not originally intended for a military career, <mask>qué ultimately gave up his university studies at Halle to join the army, and he took part in the Rhine campaign of 1794. The rest of his life was devoted mainly to literary pursuits. He was introduced to August Wilhelm Schlegel, who deeply influenced him as a poet ("mich gelehret Maß und Regel | Meister August Wilhelm Schlegel") and who published Fouqué's first book, Dramatische Spiele von Pellegrin, in 1804. Marriage
Fouqué's first marriage was unhappy and soon ended in divorce.His second wife, Caroline Philippine von Briest (1773–1831), enjoyed some reputation as a novelist in her day. After her death Fouqué married a third time. Some consolation for the ebbing tide of popular favour was afforded him by the munificence of <mask> IV of Prussia, who granted him a pension which allowed him to spend his later years in comfort. He died in Berlin in 1843. For Fouqué's life see Lebensgeschichte des Baron <mask> <mask> Fouqué (only to the year 1813), Aufgezeichnet durch ihn selbst (Halle, 1840), and also the introduction to Koch's selections in the Deutsche Nationalliteratur. Literary work

Romantic

masks:
Friedrich Heinrich Karl de la Motte
Heinrich August de la Motte Fou
Frederick the Great
Friedrich de la Motte Fou
Frederick William
Friedrich de
la Motte


texts:
 roots

After Dramatische Spiele von Pellegrin, his second work, Romanzen vom Tal Ronceval (1805), showed more plainly his allegiance to the romantic leaders, and in the Historie vom edlen Ritter Galmy (1806) he versified a 16th-century romance of medieval chivalry. Sigurd <mask>, ein Heldenspiel in sechs Abentheuren (1808), was the first modern German dramatization of the Nibelung legend combining Icelandic sources such as the Volsunga Saga and the Middle High German Nibelungenlied.The play and its two sequels Sigurds Rache (1809) and <mask>gas Ritter (1810) were published together under the title Der Held des Nordens in 1810 ["The Hero of the North"]. The trilogy brought Fouqué to the attention of the public, and had a considerable influence on subsequent versions of the story, such as <mask>'s Nibelungen and Richard Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen. These early writings indicate the lines which Fouqué's subsequent literary activity followed; his interests were divided between medieval chivalry on the one hand and northern mythology on the other. In 1813, the year of the rising against Napoleon, he again fought with the Prussian army, and the new patriotism awakened in the German people left its mark upon his writings. Popular works

Between 1810 and 1815, Fouqué's popularity was at its height; the many romances and novels, plays and epics which he produced with extraordinary rapidity, appealed greatly to the mood of the hour. Undine appeared around 1811, the only work by which

masks:
der Schlangenter
Aslau
Friedrich Hebbel


texts:
 Fouqué's memory still lives today. A more comprehensive idea of his talent may, however, be obtained from the two romances Der Zauberring (1813) and Die Fahrten Thiodolfs des Isländers (1815).Later years
From 1820 onwards the quality of Fouqué's work deteriorated, partly owing to the fatal formal ease with which he wrote, and he failed to keep pace with the changes in German taste by clinging to the paraphernalia of romanticism. His rivals applied a sobriquet of "Don Quixote of Romanticism" to him. Translations
Most of Fouqué's works have been translated. <mask> Bute Smedley, for instance, translated his ballad, "The Shepherd of the Giant Mountains." The English versions of <mask>ga's Knight (by Thomas Carlyle), Sintram and his Companions and Undine have been frequently republished. Influence
<mask>'s play Der Sängerkrieg auf der Wartburg (The Song Contest on the Wartburg) is likely one of the sources for Wagner's Tannhäuser. Goethe was not impressed by it, remarking to Eckermann: "We both agreed that all his life this poet had engaged in old Germanic studies, however without being able to develop this into a culture of his own making."Robert Louis Stevenson admired <mask>'s story "The Bottle Imp" and wrote his own version (The Bottle Imp) with a Hawaiian setting. John Henry Newman and Charlotte Mary Yonge both praised Sintram and his Companions. William Morris also became an admirer of Sintram and his Companions, and it influenced
Morris' own fiction. Sintram and his Companions and

masks: Menella Aslau Fouqué Fouqué


texts:
 Undine are referred to in Little Women by Louisa May Alcott; the character Jo mentions wanting them for Christmas in the first chapter of the book and finally receives them in chapter 22. <mask>ga's Knight as well as Sintram and his Companions and Undine are referred to in Jo's Boys, the final book in Alcott's Little Women series, where the story of <mask>ga's Knight mirrors the character Dan and his affection for gentle Bess. Undine is the basis, along with <mask>'s Little Mermaid, for Dvořák's opera Rusalka. References

Bibliography

Ausgewählte Werke, edited by himself, in 12 vols.(Berlin, 1841)
A selection, edited by M. Koch, in Kürschner's Deutsche Nationalliteratur, vol. 146, part ii. (Stuttgart, 1893)
Undine, Sintram, etc., in innumerable reprints. *Bibliography in <mask>'s Grundriss zur Geschichte der deutschen Dichtung (2nd ed., vi. pp. 115 ff., Dresden, 1898). Undine, trans.Paul Turner. German Romantic Stories. Ed. Frank G<mask>. New York: Continuum, 1998. (The German Library, vol. 35).15–90. Fouqué und einige seiner Zeitgenossen, Arno Schmidt (Bläschke 1958; 2nd Revised Edition 1960), also in the Bargfelder Edition, Volume III/1 (1993)

External links

 Book description of The Magic Ring (1825) (Der Zauberring, 1813) at Valancourt Books

1777 births
1843 deaths
Barons of Germany
German fantasy writers
People from Brandenburg an der Havel
People from the Margraviate of Brandenburg
Romanticism
German-language poets
Prussian Army personnel of the Napoleonic

masks:
Aslau
Aslau
Hans Anderson
Karl Goedeke
. Ryder


texts:
<mask> (born László Weisz; 13 June 1899 – 19 January 1967) was an artist and sculptor. Name changes
László Weisz was born on 13 June 1899 in Budapest, Hungary. His family Magyarized their family name to "Péri". When he moved to Germany and became involved in Constructivism, he was known as <mask>. After he moved to England, he adopted the name "<mask>". His grandson, an artist born in 1971, also has the name <mask>. Career
Born in 1899, in Budapest into a large, proletarian Jewish family Peri became politicised at an early age.In 1919, he finished an apprenticeship as a bricklayer, and became a student at the workshops for proletariat fine arts in 1919. He was in contact with Lajos Kassák and the Activists. In 1917, he began his career as an actor at the MA Theater School, studying with János Mácsza. As part of a theatre company he went to Prague where he heard about the fall of the Republic of Councils. He studied architecture in 1919–20 in Budapest and Berlin. He lived for a short time in Paris in 1920, in the house of a socialist baker, before being forced to leave the country due to his political activities. <mask> moved to Vienna, then on to Berlin in 1921, where he created his first abstract geometric reliefs.In February 1922, he had the first of two joint exhibitions with Moholy-Nagy at Der Sturm Gallery, Berlin. In 1923, his portfolio containing twelve linocuts was published by Der Sturm Verlag with accompanying text by Alfréd Kemény. His contributions to constructivism at the time were to challenge the surface of the wall by producing irregularly shaped wall reliefs and to open up new planes,

masks:
Peter Laszlo Peri
Laszlo Péri
Peter Peri
Peter Peri
Peri


texts: anticipating the shaped canvas created after 1945; the discovery of concrete as a potential sculptural medium, colouring it if necessary, and the appreciation of the hard contour as a visual device, as seen in his collages and linoprints. These could be used to create a visual medium hovering between the relief and architecture; whereas Moholy-Nagy's Glasarchitektur achieved this using paint and canvas, Péri used less conventional media. At the Grosse Berliner Kunstausstellung in May 1923, between the contributions of Theo van Doesburg and El Lissitzky's ‘Proun Room’ he showed his three-piece x composition which, while it may also have been executed in paint on wood, had pretensions to be executed in concrete. <mask>, joined the German Communist Party (KPD) in 1923. His 1924, constructivist design for a Lenin tribute for the German art exhibition in Moscow, marked the end of his investigations into the non-objective.That same year <mask> began to work for the Berlin municipal architectural office and was there from 1924 to 1928. Probably motivated by a vision to put his productivist values into action, but frustrated he quit the job in 1928. In 1928, he signed the manifesto and statutes of the Association of Revolutionary Visual Artists of Germany (Assoziation Revolutionärer Bildener Künstler Deutschlands) (ARBKD) (ASSO) which, like other new and militant Communist art organisations, called for a reinvigoration of the idea of "proletarian culture" and suitably positive images of working-class life and culture. He was also a member of Die Abstrakten (The Abstracts) and Rote Gruppe (Red Group). In 1929, he

masks: Peri Peri


texts: returned to representational painting and sculpture. <mask> immigrated to England in 1933, after his wife Mary Macnaghten, granddaughter of social reformer Charles Booth, was arrested in possession of Communist propaganda. In 1934, <mask> contributed "several forceful works in coloured concrete" to the Artists’ International Association (AIA) exhibition The Social Scene.He made contact with John Heartfield. In England, he lived first in Ladbroke Grove, then in Hampstead; in 1938, he moved to a studio in Camden Town where he worked until 1966. While in Hampstead, <mask> joined the recently founded English section of the Artists International (later to be known as Artists International Association), an association composed largely of commercial artists and designers whose declared intention was to mobilise "the international unity of artists against Imperialist War on the Soviet Union, Fascism and Colonial oppression". In July 1938, he had a solo exhibition London Life in Concrete in an empty building at 36 Soho Square. In 1939, he became a British citizen and took the name "<mask>". In November 1948, he held a solo show Peri's People at the AIA Gallery. Late in the 1940s he did a series of commissions for the London County Council.His work was also part of the sculpture event in the art competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics. In 1951, <mask> produced a sculptural group originally titled “Sunbathing group - Horizontal”, later known as The Sunbathers for the Festival of Britain. Commissions from Stuart Mason, Director of Education for Leicestershire included Two Children Calling A Dog, Scraptoft, c. 1956; Atom

masks:
Peri
Peri
Peri
Peter Peri
Peri


texts:
 Boy, and Birstall, 1960. When the Herbert Art Gallery & Museum opened in 1960, <mask> was commissioned to "represent the life and activities [of Coventry] in modern terms and materials"; the work is known simply as The Coventry Sculpture. <mask> joined the Quaker faith and produced a small bronze sculpture of a Quaker Meeting, much loved by the students of Woodbrooke Study Centre, Birmingham, where it is now located. <mask> died on 19 January 1967. Major works after 1945
Source: Exhibition catalogue, 1967.Ministry of information
1946 Displaced persons. Concrete. London County Council. For Lambeth
1948 Children Playing. 1949 Footballers. 1950 Following the Leader. Festival of Britain
1951 The Sunbathers horizontal-group.Leicestershire
1955 Oadby Primary School. Three coloured reliefs. 1956 Scraptoft South Primary School. Horizontal concrete group. 1956 Scraptoft North Primary School. Folk dancing, coloured concrete relief. 1956 Earl Shilton Grammar School.Three dimensional sculpture. 1957 Wigston Secondary Modern School. The Living Christ. 1957 Castle Donington Secondary Modern School. The Boy with the Book and the Globe. Horizontal. 1958 Longslade Grammar School.The Mastery of Atom = Self-mastery. Horizontal. 1959 Loughborough College of Technology. Diagonal concrete sculpture. 1959 Hinckley College for further education. Cut out concrete relief. Warwickshire
1957 Willenhall Primary School.Three dimensional sculpture. 1958 Coventry. St. Michael Primary School. Coloured concrete relief. 1965 Ernesford Grange Junior School, Coventry. Sculpture and relief. Polyester [There is a full page illustration of

masks:
Peri
Peri
Peter Peri


texts:
 this work, with the sculptor alongside in the Exhibition catalogue referred to, on page 6.The figures represent a flautist and a singer.]. 1959 Exeter University. Diagonal sculpture. 1961 Huddersfield High School for Girls. Horizontal sculpture and a relief. 1961 Scott Bader Commonwealth, Wollaston, Northamptonshire. The Man in Polyester.Horizontal. 1961 Forest Gate Methodist Church, London, E.7. The Preacher. Diagonal sculpture. 1963 East Ham, E.6. Kensington Youth Club. Diagonal sculpture.1964 Long Eaton Secondary Modern. Three dimensional sculpture. Works in permanent collections

 Museum of Modern Art, New York
 Centre Pompidou, Paris
 Berardo Collection Museum, Lisbon
 Wilhelm Lehmbruck Museum, Duisburg
 Kunstmuseum Bochum, Bochum
 Holocaust Museum, Tel Aviv
 Museum für Angewandte Kunst, Cologne
 Museum de Grenoble, Grenoble
 Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

1938 Tate Gallery. Bronze horse. 1960 The Coventry sculpture. Herbert Art Gallery and Museum, Coventry. 1947 Hungarian National Gallery.Budapest. Etchings. 1956 Museum of Tel Aviv. Etchings. 1950 British Museum. Gulliver's Travels. Etchings.1964 British Museum. The Pilgrim's Progress. Etchings. 1965 U.S.A. Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana. The Pilgrim's Progress. Derbyshire Education Committee. Sculpture and The Pilgrim's Progress Etchings.Leicestershire Education Committee. Sculptures. Camden London Borough Council. Sculptures. The Arts Council. Etching. Exhibitions

1922 Moholy-Nagy / Peri Der Sturm, Berlin
1923 Moholy-Nagy / Peri Der Sturm, Berlin
1924 Peri / Hilbersheimer / Nell Walden Der Sturm, Berlin
1931 Ernst Múzeum Budapest (with N.


texts:
 Ferenczy, L. Herman, K. Istokovics, M. Lehel).1933 Bloomsbury Galleries London
1936 From Constructivism to Realism Foyle Art Gallery
1937 Gordon Fraser's Gallery Cambridge
1938 London Life in Concrete Soho Square, London
1948 People by Peri A.I.A. Gallery, London
1952 Sculpture in Relation to Architecture A.A. Bedford Square, London
1953 Exhibition arranged by the Football Association sponsored by the Arts Council
1958 Pilgrim's Progress St George's Gallery, London
1960 Sculpture and Etchings Herbert Art Gallery and Museum, Coventry
1961 Trades Union's Festival Exhibition, Bethnal Green
1963 St Pancras Arts Festival
1966 It's the People who Matter Lloyd's Gallery, Wimbledon
1967 Avant-garde Osteuropa 1910–1930 Academy of Arts, Berlin
1968 <mask>i 1899–1967 Central Library Swiss Cottage, London
1970 Peri's People The Minories, Colchester
1973 Laszlo Peri. Werke 1920–1924 und das Problem des Shaped Canvas, Kölnischer Kunstverein, Cologne
1982 Laszlo Peri 1899–1967. Arbeiten in Beton, Neue Gesellschaft für Bildende Kunst, Berlin
1987 László Moholy-Nagy / Laszlo Peri, Graphisches Kabinett, Bremen
1999 László Péris konstruktivistische Werke 1920-1924, Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
2008 Peter Peri Exhibition, Sam Scorer Gallery, Lincoln. References

External links
https://www.instagram.com/laszlo_peri/?hl=en
http://uk.pinterest.com/emmanuelleperi/laszlo-peter-peri/
 Permanent online exhibition at Sam Scorer Gallery
 Chris Miller's "I Love Sculpture" website containing an illustration of Peri's sculpture "Sunbathing", with male and female figures horizontal to a wall, with an audience enjoying it.


texts:
 (Accessed 24 February 2008). Designing Britain article on the Festival of Britain
 Art for Social Spaces article on Schools
 VADS: Visual Arts Data Service <SEARCH> "Peri" –

1899 births
1967 deaths
Jewish artists
Hungarian Jews
Hungarian sculptors
20th-century sculptors
English Quakers
20th-century Quakers
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom
Artists from Budapest
Olympic competitors in art


texts:
Alan John "<mask>" Wren (born 10 April 1964 in Manchester) is an English rock drummer and member of The Stone Roses. His laid-back style of complex, off-beat rhythms was influential in bringing about the blend of indie and dance music which formed much of the Madchester sound centred on Manchester. He is considered by many musicians, producers, and journalists to be the best drummer of his generation. During The Stone Roses, he could be easily identified by the now-iconic bucket hat. Following his departure from the band in 1995, he fronted The Rub from 1998 to 2001, who played several low-key shows but split without releasing any material. After a long industry hiatus, he re-emerged on the music scene with the reformation of The Stone Roses in October 2011. After the band's apparent final show at Hampden Park in Glasgow, Scotland, in June 2017 he has since returned to obscurity.Early career
Wren grew up in Denton with four siblings and attended Egerton Park Arts College. He taught himself drums in his youth as, due to his family situation, he was nearly always around musical instruments in a pub environment. He also plays the guitar, bass, and piano. John Robb, in his 1997 book The Stone Roses and the Resurrection of British Pop, said that Wren could "play guitar almost as well as he plays drums," However, it was his drumming abilities that made him stand out. Whilst growing up, "the local kids thought Reni was a freak because he was such an amazing drummer, a total natural. Reni didn't care. He was already jamming along to anything and anybody."Already in two bands before he joined The Stone Roses, it was perhaps friend Simon Wright's successful audition for AC/DC in 1984 which prompted him towards more serious ambitions. The Stone Roses
Wren joined the Stone Roses in May 1984 after seeing an advertisement the band had placed in Manchester's A1 Music shop on New


texts: Wakefield Street (now the Soundcontrol music venue). He ripped it off the wall in order to make sure only he would get an audition which occurred in what was at the time Decibel Studios to the north of the city centre. This was a rehearsal studio and required the band to carry Wren's drum kit up three flights of stairs, before running through early songs "Nowhere Fast", "All Stitched Up" and "Mission Impossible". Andy Couzens, then the band's second guitarist, later recalled this first rehearsal with their new-found 20-year-old drummer: "We never discussed it, we knew he was in! He was fucking amazing! What a drummer."The band's first live show with Wren occurred at an anti-heroin gig in London, which was being hosted by Pete Townshend. This unexpected encounter concluded with The Who star asking the band whether he could use their drummer for his set - the band agreed, which led to Wren performing Pictures of Lily and other Who songs. The band's first bassist, Pete Garner, noted in a 2012 interview for Simon Spence's biography The Stone Roses - War and Peace: "I stood on the side of the stage going 'Oh fuck, he’s going to join the Who now. First gig and we’ve lost him.' That was pretty surreal. I believe the previous gig Townshend had done was some massive stadium on The Who farewell tour... and then he’d come back to do this charity gig." Andy Couzens stated: "At that time Reni was awe-inspiring.To play with him made us sound phenomenal; he was just this force. Just to watch him play was inspirational. That's what got Pete Townshend that night. He was inspired by what he'd seen." Despite the band's fears, Wren turned down Townshend's offer to play on his solo albums in favour of continuing with the Stone Roses. His first career with the band would go on to span over a decade, during which time he performed on the albums Garage Flower (the band's abandoned debut album


texts:
 from 1985), the much-celebrated eponymous debut (1989), and Second Coming (1994), as well as dozens of singles and unreleased songs. Playing style
In his early years with the band, whose songs at the time were inspired by punk and post-punk, Wren's drumming style was characterised by the energy from influences such as Keith Moon - Andy Couzens mentioned he was "like ten Keith Moons in one."Due to his showmanship and natural flair, Manchester music scene regulars such as Martin Hannett noted many people were attending the band's early gigs just to see Wren play. Howard Jones, a director at Factory Records, said of a performance on 15 November 1984: "Reni was out of this world. The way he played, his facial expressions, his finishing, how he'd kill a cymbal once he'd hit it, he'd got total natural technique." As the band's music progressed, marked by the release of the second single "Sally Cinnamon" in 1987, his playing style made use of a three-piece kit and the additional complement of his backing vocals on the majority of new songs. His minimised kit consisted of "a mixture of Ludwig, vintage, and a big expensive Sonor snare drum", which were all painted with John Squire's Jackson Pollock inspired art style. Wren's use of a smaller kit did not limit his range, with a new focus on a jazz-tinged, but ultimately rock-based, playing style. His busy use of the high-hat, snare, and solitary tom-tom created a complex sound which helped to define the band's significant musical shift."Elephant Stone", released in 1988 as the band's third single, was viewed as an ideal opportunity to highlight Wren's talent, as Brown later said: "We wanted people to hear what he could do." The drummer's focus on a propulsive tom-tom beat showcased his ability to create innovative drum rhythms, but was also in line with the burgeoning dance music scene of the day. Peter Hook of New Order produced


texts:
 the song in Cheadle Hulme, Stockport and has since said that Wren remains one of the best rock drummers he ever worked with: "Reni's drumming lent such a character and identity to the songs. Ian and John had got it with the melodies and lyrics but they were lucky to get Reni because he took them from being a traditional, normal rock band into the stratosphere with other great groups." By the time of the Second Coming rehearsals, in the early 1990s, Wren adapted his style further. Guitarist John Squire, becoming increasingly inspired by Led Zeppelin, led the band in a new musical direction, prompting Wren to adopt a blues-rock approach, adding in extra tom-toms for a style analogous to John Bonham. Ian Brown said of early studio time: "When we started recording we had Reni playing the drums for 40 minutes and it was out of this world.I remember John Leckie turning around with a big beam on his face and saying, 'Can't this be the album?'" His playing on the songs "Love Spreads" and "Daybreak" were particularly praised for their high-quality and complexity, whilst his many long jamming sessions with Mani and Squire, plus several drum solos, also became available through bootlegs. For the majority of his career, Wren has preferred the use of matched grip, although around 1990, in live television performances of "One Love" and "Fools Gold" he used traditional grip. He can also be seen in rehearsal recordings following the band's reformation using the former and latter interchangeably. Of his drumming style, in 2004 Rhythm Magazine commented that Wren was "funkier and more subtle than any drummer in the genre [indie] had ever been" and he was, "economical, soulful, and inventive". Rhythm Magazine labelled him a drummer hero, stating: "you know him best by his ability to always play it cooler than cool". Live performances
During the Stone Roses' live performances, Wren's


texts:
 energetic drumming ensured that his reputation grew rapidly and sparked regular praise from the music press, fans, and peers.The Charlatans supported the Stone Roses in the late 1980s and its drummer, Jon Brookes, had observed Wren's playing closely: "He never pounded the drums, he used to caress them and get them to sing, he was that kind of drummer. It was great to just watch him, very poetic, beautiful motion, very light touch, at the same time very musical. And he was singing as well, these beautiful melodies, it was unbelievable." The music press had also been documenting the drummer's appeal. A review of the band's famous 1989 Blackpool gig stated he was a "spectacular, slipshod blur of energy", whilst the NME noted of a Parisian performance: "Drummer Reni is magnificent. In Amsterdam, I’d watched him soundcheck for an hour on his own, slapping 17 shades of shining shite out of his kit for the sheer unbridled joy of playing." In addition to his drumming, many fans also found his backing harmonies to be an integral part of the band's music.Described in John Robb's biography of The Stone Roses as "the voice of an angel", listening to their debut album, and live shows such as Blackpool's Empress Ballroom (1989), Glasgow Green (1990) and Manchester's Heaton Park (2012) overtly display his vocal range. 1995-2011: The Rub and industry hiatus
In 1995, Wren was the first member of the classic Stone Roses line-up to leave the band, with much mystery surrounding his exit. In Simon Spence's The Stone Roses: War and Peace (2012), it was suggested arguments with Brown, and frustration with Squire's increasingly insular musical direction, angered the drummer. Wren began missing recording sessions to spend time with his family and often arrived in a dressing gown to the remaining sessions he did attend. A statement was published in NME on 5 April 1995, announcing his immediate


texts: departure. After his exit, the band continued with Robbie Maddix as drummer, but broke up in 1996. Little was heard of Wren in the 16 years which followed.His drumming was long credited on the Ian Brown track "Can't See Me", although Brown later acknowledged the drum loop was a sample Roses bassist Mani had uncovered and not Wren. In 1998, he formed the short-lived band The Rub, its name inspired by a soliloquy from Hamlet, with Casey Longdon (rhythm guitar), Neil Nisbet (bass) and Mick Grant (drums). Wren wrote the songs, sang lead vocals, and played bass and lead guitar. During the Rub's brief history, it enjoyed strong support from many Stone Roses fans and the press, although The Guardian wrote that "although it's good to have Wren back and clearly enjoying himself, it's a great pity that this world-class percussionist is not behind a drum stool." In 2001, the band split having released no material. In 2005, Wren gave his first broadcast interview in 10 years to BBC GMR, along with ex-Roses bassist Mani, on the Manchester Music Show whilst attending a concert by the Coral. It was reported in early 2007 that Fun Lovin Criminals had asked Reni to become their drummer.He did not respond and nothing became of the rumour. In June 2008, in an interview with Teletext's Planet Sound, Mani revealed that Wren had formed a new band with an unnamed member of Black Grape, but gave no other details. Nothing emerged from this rumour. In May 2009, on the 20th anniversary of the Stone Roses' eponymous debut album, Wren and the three other band members sanctioned the release of rare demos and unreleased material. In an exclusive book included with the collector's edition, whilst Ian Brown and Mani included extensive written accounts of their experiences in the Stone Roses, Wren supplied only a drawing and poem. Prior to the band's 2011 reunion, in 2009 those who worked with Wren had


texts: high praise for the drummer in interviews conducted for the 20th anniversary. Ian Brown said "He’d have been like Gene Krupa or Buddy Rich.He'd fill the Apollo up now if he just set up his drum kit in there and played." Mani said "He was an amazing drummer. He was that good, he could do anything. He’s done gigs with one arm – and he played with one arm it was as good as two! The guy is a total genius, a proper fucking one-off you know?" He also provided an explanation for Wren's disappearance from the music scene: "I think what it is with Reni is the fact he doesn't think of it [drumming for another band] as better than he has done before." John Leckie (the band's producer on the eponymous debut album) provided an insight into Wren's drum kit and playing style: "Reni just had a collection of drumsyou can't say Reni plays a lovely drum kitevery tom, cymbal and drum is from a different kit.That's how he makes it up. He's such a great player. When I listen to him play, I just sort of think, "Fuck! No-one else plays like that!" Pete Garner: "Reni was so much better than any drummer in a little band, like another level. He’d learned his craft. Everyone else I knew in bands had started like we did and you work at it, but he was already….He’d been doing gigs when he was a kid. Those early gigs basically people would just lock onto him, it was pretty mindblowing really. Now, he’s gone down in history as the hat and the Fools Gold riff but most people have not seen Reni drum like he can drum. Later on in the band he toned it down. Those early gigs it was always him people would talk about afterwards, 'Where did you find that fucking drummer?’" John Robb: "The best drummer of his generation. I’ve never seen anyone who could play drums like that – the talk in the early days was often about <mask> – "check out the amazing drummer" hipsters would say and he always delivered. If the


texts:
 Roses ever reformed it would be a buzz just to see him play those drums again – dextrous, fluid and exuberant – he could hit hard like a rock drummer but also had a real swing and that infectious energy."In a press conference on 18 October 2011, Wren, along with the other members of The Stone Roses, announced the band would be reforming for three "homecoming" gigs at Heaton Park, Manchester on 29 and 30 June and 1 July 2012. These dates were part of a Reunion Tour. 2011 reunion to the present day
On 23 May 2012, Wren played the drums in public for the first time in 17 years. This was at a secret gig in Warrington, a warm-up show before the band's full world tour. For his second career with the band, his kit now consists of two bass drums (with an image of a lemon on each bass drum - a reference to the band's eponymous debut album), with a greater number of tom-toms and cymbals than during his original run with the band. The Stone Roses completed 30 gigs across the world in 2012 and the band continued to tour in 2013. A documentary film from that year showcasing the band's reformation, The Stone Roses: Made of Stone, directed by Shane Meadows premiered in Manchester's Victoria Warehouse on 30 May 2013.In May and June 2016, following a brief hiatus, The Stone Roses released the new singles "All For One" and "Beautiful Thing", marking Wren's first new contributions to music since 2001. The band also announced concerts at the Etihad Stadium, which was followed by a wider tour of the world. Media outlets such as The Guardian continued to praise the drummer. After the band's first performance at the Etihad Stadium, the broadsheet newspaper stated: "The Stone Roses must not let Reni leave again". On its music blog, the paper explained: "On the face of it, the drummer is the most obviously replaceable component of a band but while fans are divided over the merits of a live Led


texts:
 Zeppelin without John Bonham, or Black Sabbath minus Bill Ward, the idea of a Reni-free Roses is untenable." It added: "The man Pete Townshend once hailed as 'the most natural drummer I’ve seen since Keith Moon' has been the individual delight of the last week’s gigs. With an extra bass drum, what look like new teeth and a grin that never leaves his face, Reni has regained his youthful pomp and is playing as well as ever.His backing singing and those trademark funky grooves are powering the band with a gusto that they haven’t had in years." Once again, the band briefly toured in early 2017 with the final show playing at Glasgow in June. During the gig, singer Brown made a comment which suggested the band will not be playing any further shows. The band's biographer, John Robb, told the NME: "It’s not official 100% confirmed that they’ve stopped, but it looks like they have, doesn’t it?" Of Wren, he added: "To me, the greatest tragedy is that if they have stopped, <mask> will only have recorded a few albums in his life. I wanted a full documentation of his drumming. Those records are far more than anyone else is going to do, but I think it’s kind of sad that he’s not made a full record since Second Coming and may never do again.I'm sure he doesn't care, he's got all the money in the bank. I just don't like seeing good talent go to waste, because he's still one of the greatest drummers I’ve ever seen." In late 2019, John Squire confirmed the permanent breakup. "Reni Hats"
Wren habitually wore a bucket hat during his time with The Stone Roses. The nickname "Reni hat" for these hats is still in use, especially due to the band's 2011 reformation, particularly in the UK. References

External links
The Stone Roses' official website

1964 births
Living people
Alternative rock drummers
British alternative rock musicians
Madchester musicians
English rock drummers
Musicians from


texts:
<mask> (born 17 December 1979) is a former professional boxer. Born in Scotland, <mask> moved to Wales at a young age and took up boxing. He was selected to represent Wales at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester in the men's lightweight division. After winning his opening four bouts, <mask> defeated Denis Zimba in the gold medal match to become the first Welsh fighter to win gold at the games for more than 40 years. He turned professional in 2003 and won his first nine bouts, but persistent cut injuries and two consecutive defeats led to his retirement in 2005. He returned to boxing in 2008 and won the Welsh area super-featherweight title in his second fight before progressing to an unsuccessful British title fight against Martin Lindsay. He competed in the Prizefighter series in May 2010 at super-bantamweight but was eliminated in the semi-final.In May 2010, he won the vacant Commonwealth super-bantamweight title after defeating Kris Taylor, but lost the belt in his first defence against Jason Booth. He fought Scott Quigg in 2012 but suffered a stoppage defeat. He fought once more in 2015 before retiring, ending his career with a record of 19 wins (4 by knockout) and 6 defeats. Early life and Commonwealth title
<mask> was born in Aberdeen in Scotland to Betty and <mask>. The family moved to Wales when <mask> was four years old and he grew up in Cwmbran. He took up boxing after being bullied by a group of boys who lived in his street and began attending a local gym near his school from the age of nine. After six weeks, his coach convinced him to take up the sport on a permanent basis after praising his ability; <mask> credits this praise as helping improve his confidence and communication skills.He was also a keen footballer as a child and represented Wales at schoolboy level before giving up the game to devote his time to his boxing career. He was named in the Welsh boxing squad for the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester in the lightweight division, while still working as a scaffolder. He defeated Scotland's

masks:
Jamie Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Gordon Arthur
Arthur
Arthur


texts:
 Mark Hastie and Lesotho's Koloba Sehloho in the opening rounds on points before stopping Adnan Jusoh of Malaysia in the quarter-final. <mask> overcame Jusoh in two rounds after moving 15 points ahead on the judges' scorecard which results in an immediate stoppage in an amateur bout. In the semi-final, <mask> faced Botswanan Gilbert Khunwane and suffered a cut to his face that required two stoppages to wipe blood from his eyes. He went on to win the bout 31–28 on points and left the ring immediately to receive stitches for his injury. In the final, he met Zambian Denis Zimba at the Manchester Arena.Ahead of the bout, there were doubts over whether <mask> would be able to compete due to the cut he had sustained in his semi-final, but he was eventually cleared by a doctor one hour before the fight was due to start. <mask> struggled in the opening two rounds of the bout before gaining control in the third round to establish a three-point lead. He later remarked that his plan was to score as many points as he could quickly in case the referee stopped the fight due to his injury. A close final round saw <mask> retain his lead and win the gold medal, becoming the first Welshman to win Commonwealth gold in 44 years since Howard Winstone at the 1958 Games. Professional career

Early bouts and first retirement
<mask> turned professional in 2003 with promoter Frank Warren, having initially made plans to continue fighting as an amateur in order to compete at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. <mask> commented that the lack of funding provided by the Welsh Amateur Boxing Association (WABA) had influenced his decision, although this was rebutted by the organisation's chairman. Fighting out of a Penarth-based gym, he made his professional debut at lightweight in March by defeating Daniel Thorpe on a points decision over four rounds at the Braehead Arena in Glasgow.Three months later he recorded his second victory by defeating James Gorman on points despite his opponent weighing more than half a stone () heavier. <mask> won a

masks: Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur


texts:
 further four bouts in the final four months of 2003 after returning to original trainer Chris Manley of the Coed Eva club after his second bout. He stopped three opponents before defeating Jus Wallie on points in December. He was due to fight Mger Mkrtchyan in February 2004 but was forced to withdraw after a cut he had sustained in his victory over Wallie, which had required 15 stitches, had been slow to heal. Instead, his next bout was a points victory over Kris Taylor in late March. In July 2004, <mask> faced a significantly more experienced opponent in former French super-bantamweight champion Frederic Bonifai. He defeated Bonifai on points and recorded a similar victory over Buster Dennis two months later.In January 2005, <mask> met Haider Ali after a four-month break due to sustaining another cut. He suffered his first professional defeat after the referee stopped the bout due to a severe cut that <mask> had sustained from a clash of heads. In a bid to stop the recurring cut issues, <mask> hoped to undergo surgery to fix the problem but was told that the operation would not be a success. <mask> returned in July 2005 working under new coach Enzo Calzaghe, but suffered a second consecutive defeat against Harry Ramogaodi after being knocked down three times despite breaking his opponents' jaw during the bout. His defeat led to him being released from his contract with Warren's promotion company. In September 2005, <mask> announced his retirement from boxing at the age of 25 due to his ongoing cut issues and  having struggled to support his family financially. He commented "the enjoyment hasn't been there for the last 18 months, so when you're not enjoying something it's time to make a change" and announced plans to become an amateur trainer.Return to boxing
<mask> opened an amateur gym in Newport in 2007 and worked as a trainer for 18 months. He announced a return fight for April 2008 against Ghanaian Mettle Ayitey. <mask> dominated the fight to record his first victory since 2004 and stated that his ultimate aim


texts:
 on returning was to secure a British title. During his second fight on his return, in July of the same year, <mask> stopped Dai Davies in the second round of their bout to win the Welsh  super-featherweight title. His comeback was briefly derailed when he suffered a broken finger in training shortly afterwards and was forced to pull out of a fight against Riaz Durgahed in Bristol, but he returned in November to defeat Steve Gethin on points. He began 2009 with victories over Youssef al-Hamidi and Andrey Kostin in February and March respectively. His five-fight winning streak resulted in him facing undefeated Akaash Bhatia in an eliminator to become the number one contender for the British title.The 10-round fight finished with <mask> being named the winner by a single point and was later nominated for the British fight of the year award. <mask> secured a British featherweight title fight against unbeaten Martin Lindsay following his victory over Bhatia. As a warm-up bout for the contest, <mask> defeated Englishman Mickey Coveney on points at the Newport Centre, despite separating from trainer Eddie Avoth only eight days before the fight. Against Lindsay, <mask> lost the bout by unanimous decision after being knocked down twice and suffering a cut in the 11th round. <mask> had pledged to retire from the sport if he lost his British title fight, but in May 2010 he was offered the chance to join the Prizefighter series, a knockout tournament organised by Sky Sports consisting of three-round bouts held on the same night, at super bantamweight. He joined the competition with only 12 days notice to replace the injured Craig Lyon. He defeated Robbie Turley in his quarter-final before losing to the undefeated Ricky Owen in the semi-final.Commonwealth title and retirement
Despite his defeat, <mask> credited the Prizefighter series with inspiring him to fight again, dropping to super-bantamweight permanently. He was named as a surprise contender for the vacant Commonwealth super-bantamweight title against the undefeated Kris

masks: Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur Arthur


texts:
 Taylor. <mask> was deducted two points during the bout for low blows and suffered a cut, but still went on to win a points decision to claim his first major title. His reign as champion was short-lived as he lost in his first defence to Jason Booth in February 2011 in a split decision. Despite being offered a rematch, <mask> initially chose to retire from boxing for a second time. In 2012, he came out of retirement to fight Scott Quigg for the British Super-bantamweight belt after Rendall Munroe turned down the bout. <mask> caused a surprise by knocking the unbeaten Quigg down in the fourth round, however the referee called a halt to the fight after Quigg landed several heavy body blows to <mask> in the eighth round.<mask> was upset with the stoppage, stating that the shots had caught him off balance and he was fine to continue. <mask> retired again after the bout, opening his own gym in Rhydyfelin in Pontypridd and coaching Newport-based fighter Bradley Pryce. <mask> made a brief return in 2015 to fight Antonio Horvatic at the Newport Centre. He returned again hoping to challenge for a British title and defeated Horvatic on points. He was forced to withdraw from a bout in early 2016, never fighting at a professional level again. Personal life
Alongside his boxing career, <mask> enrolled on a sports studies course through the University of Wales in 2003. His wife Karen is a horse trainer and <mask> has often trained alongside the animals when preparing for fights.After retiring from fighting, <mask> became a personal trainer. He also briefly managed fighter Kieran Gething. Professional boxing record

References

External links

Career details
<mask> Official Site
<mask> Boxer Profile
<mask> on the comeback trail

1979 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Wales
Boxers at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Wales
Commonwealth Games medallists in boxing
Lightweight boxers
People from Cwmbran
Prizefighter contestants
Sportspeople from Aberdeen
Super-bantamweight boxers
Welsh

masks:
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Jamie Arthur
Jamie Arthur
Jamie Arthur


texts:
<mask> (born March 31, 1948) is an American actress. She played head-waitress Carla Tortelli in the sitcom Cheers (1982–1993). Over the course of 11 seasons, <mask> was nominated for ten Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actress – winning four times – and was nominated for a record seven Golden Globe Awards for Best Supporting Actress in a Television Series. She has also appeared in films, including Canadian Bacon (1995), Matilda (1996), The Sessions (2012), and Poms (2019). Early life and family
<mask> was born on March 31, 1948, in Coney Island, Brooklyn, to <mask>, a Polish immigrant who was a manager at a doll parts factory and Adele, a bookkeeper. She grew up in Bensonhurst in a Jewish family with additional roots in Russia. She has a sister, Heide, who is a television writer, story editor, and producer who worked on Cheers, Frasier and The Tracey Ullman Show.In the mid-1980s, their parents moved to Los Angeles, and their father became an extra on Cheers. His character became known by his real name, Phil, and he managed to get a few lines over the years as he appeared in more than 30 episodes. He created a second career as a character actor, appearing in several films and television shows, including Throw Momma from the Train, Hoffa, and Frasier. She studied drama at Hunter College in New York, earning a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1968. Career

<mask> began her acting career with a small role as an attendant in the off-off-Broadway play Dracula Sabbat, which ran from September 1970 to June 1971. In 1972, she played a bit role in the film Hot Dogs for Gauguin. That same year she appeared in Westbeth Playwrights Feminist Collective's production of Up – An Uppity Revue, along with her future husband, Danny DeVito.One of her first notable parts was a recurring role on the television show Taxi as Zena, the sweet girlfriend of Louie De Palma

masks:
Rhea Jo Perlman
Perlman
Perlman
Philip Perlman
Perlman


texts: (played by DeVito). Following that, she had a role in a small play portraying a much tougher character. Producers Glen and Les Charles saw her in that play, which led to her landing the role as wisecracking barmaid Carla Tortelli on their sitcom Cheers in 1982. The series struggled with ratings in its first season, but by the time it ended in 1993, it was one of the most popular and successful shows of all time, winning 20 Emmy awards out of 95 nominations. <mask> won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy four times: in 1984, 1985, 1986 and 1989. Over her 11 seasons on Cheers, she was nominated for an Emmy every year but 1992, becoming the Cheers star to have the most wins and nominations. She was also nominated for a Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress six times, more than anyone else in that category.In 2011, CBS named Carla Tortelli as one of the greatest TV characters of all time. In 1986, <mask> starred in an episode of Steven Spielberg's Amazing Stories titled "The Wedding Ring," which also starred DeVito as her character's husband. In the 1990s, <mask> starred in several TV movies and motion pictures. In 1992, she starred in the made-for-TV-movie, To Grandmother's House We Go opposite Ashley Olsen and Mary-Kate Olsen, playing the wife of Jerry Van Dyke's character; the couple kidnapped the Olsen Twins' characters, hoping to cash in on ransom before Christmas. Other TV films in which she starred included the dramas A Place to Be Loved and In Spite of Love. <mask>'s motion picture roles included There Goes The Neighborhood (1992), Canadian Bacon (1995), Carpool (1996), Sunset Park (1996), and Matilda (1996). She had a cameo in the film 10 Items Or Less (2006), and also starred in the 2007 independent film Love Comes Lately.In 1994, <mask> voiced 9-Eye in The Timekeeper, a Circle-Vision show at the Magic Kingdom

masks: Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman


texts:
 in Tomorrowland. She later starred in the 1996 sitcom Pearl as the title character and was featured on the 2001 TV drama Kate Brasher. Among her notable guest appearances was on the fourth-season premiere of Becker, which starred Cheers co-star Ted Danson. <mask> also appeared in a 2000 television film How to Marry a Billionaire: A Christmas Tale, in which she impersonated Jacqueline Kennedy. She also portrayed a therapist called Dr. Parella in the 2000 film Secret Cutting, which follows the story of a young girl named Dawn who self-injures. In 2007, <mask> appeared as Bertha in the West End of London in the comedy Boeing Boeing. In 2008, she starred in the Hallmark Channel original movie, The Christmas Choir, and appeared in Beethoven's Big Break in 2008 as Patricia Benji.In 2009, she appeared as Tanya's mother on the series Hung for Home Box Office Networks. In 2011, <mask> had a guest appearance as Mittens in one episode of Wilfred. In 2009, <mask> and her daughter Lucy DeVito starred in the off-Broadway play Love, Loss, and What I Wore, adapted by Nora and Delia Ephron, at the Westside Theatre. From 2014 to 2017, she starred in a recurring role on The Mindy Project as Danny's mother, Annette Castellano. Writing
<mask> is the author of the illustrated children's book series Otto Undercover, whose six books to date (as of the middle of May 2012) are Born to Drive, Canyon Catastrophe, Water Balloon Doom, Toxic Taffy Takeover, The Brink of Ex-stink-tion, and Brain Freeze. Personal life
 <mask> met Danny DeVito on January 17, 1971, when she went to see a friend in the single performance of the play The Shrinking Bride, which also featured DeVito. They moved in together two weeks after meeting  and married on January 28, 1982.They have three children: Lucy Chet DeVito, Grace Fan DeVito, and Jacob Daniel DeVito. <mask>, who is Jewish, and DeVito,

masks: Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman Perlman