texts:
 in the Garden Revisited: American Environmentalism and Photographic Aesthetics", Art Journal, vol. 51, no. 2, 1992, pp. 60–71. “Reactionary Modernism: Lee Friedlander’s Nudes for the Nineties,”Afterimage, January 1993.“Sex Wars: Photography on the Frontlines,” Exposure 29:2/3, 1994. “Exposing Family Values: Family Photography and Sexual Dissent,” A Family Affair (Christopher Scoates, ed. ), Atlanta: Atlanta College of Art Gallery, 1995. “Pictures, Perverts and Politics,” The Passionate Camera: photography and bodies of desire, Londonand New York: Routledge, 1998. The Passionate Camera: Photography and Bodies of Desire, 1st ed, Routledge, 1998. “Souvenirs of Progress: The Second Empire Landscapes,” The Photography of Adolph Braun, Providence: Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design, 1999. "Being and Riding", GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, vol.6, no. 3, 2000, pp. 479–488. "Horse Crazy", Horsetales: American Images and Icons, 2000, 22–31. “Back to Basics: The New Paintings of Julie Shelton Smith,” Rebuilding the Body: Julie Shelton Smith, Newport: Newport Art Museum, 2001. “Shopping the Leftovers: Warhol’s collecting strategies in Raid The Icebox I,” Other Objects of Desire, eds. Michael Camille and Adrian Rifkin, Oxford: Blackwell, 2001."Queer Plymouth", GLQ: A journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, vol. 12, no. 2, 2006. “Photographing     Nature, Seeing Ourselves,” America in View: Landscape Photography 1865 to Now, Providence: RISD Museum of Art, 2012. Exhibition History

In 2006, <mask> showed in "Photography and the Feminine" at Senac


type: original

texts:
 University's Photography Gallery. In 2003, <mask> showed in "Only Skin Deep: Changing Visions of the American Self" at the International Center of Photography in New York. <mask>'s work Textual Landscapes was held at the Binghamton University Art Museum from March 17-April 17, 1988
In 1996, <mask> showed at the Robert B. Menschel Photography Gallery in Syracuse, N.Y., in an exhibition with Tetsu Okuhara, Liz Birkholz, and Márcio Lima.In 1992, <mask> showed at the Smithsonian American Art Museum in Washington, D.C. her landscape photograph which was accompanied by a book Between Home and Heaven: Contemporary American Landscape Photography
In 1990, <mask> showed in 4 photo feminisms, an exhibition featuring works by <mask>, Diane Neumaier, Martha Rosler, and Clarissa T. Sligh, organized by Leigh Kane and Diane Neumaier for Rutgers SummerFest and the Berkshire Conference on the History of Woman, taking place at the Walters Hall Gallery, Rutgers Art Center, New Brunswick, New Jersey. In 1987, <mask> showed at the Minneapolis College of Art and Design gallery in a two-person exhibition with Jeff Weiss. In 1985, <mask>'s photograph was included in exhibition called, Wide Perspectives: 9 Viewpoints, in the Museum of Contemporary Photographs which included artists, David Avison, Barbara Crane, Ron Gordon, Oscar Bailey, Phillip Galgiani, Sandra Haber, John Schlesinger, and JoAnn Verburg. In 1985, <mask>'s photography was featured in an exhibition called, Chicago Photographers Project, at the Museum of Contemporary Photographs

Awards
Purchase Award, Illinois

masks: Bright Bright Bright Bright Bright Bright Bright Bright Bright


texts:
 State Museum, 1980
Artist Grant, Illinois Arts Council, 1983
National Endowment for the Humanities, 1985
Artist Grant, Illinois Arts Council, 1986
National Endowment for the Arts, 1988
David and Reva Logan Award, Photographic Resource Center, 1989
New Forms Grant, New England Foundation for the Arts,1992
Artist Grant, Art Matters, 1994
John R. Frazier Award for Excellence in Teaching, Rhode


texts:
<mask> (born 1951, Johannesburg, South Africa) is one of South Africa's foremost contemporary artists and regularly exhibits nationally and internationally. <mask> spent his childhood in Vanderbijlpark, which is a town located next to the Vaal River, located approximately seventy five kilometers south of Johannesburg. His father, Martiens, was a carpenter which allowed him to develop a love for working with wood. This had a large influence on his current technical expertise. <mask> is known primarily for his conceptual installations. The way he communicates his ideas and has a social responsibility is what makes Boshoff a conceptual artist. According to a book that was written by Ivan Vladislavić, he states that <mask> is "an artist who had been creating unusual art since the Seventies, although he came to widespread public attention with his installation The Blind Alphabet at the Johannesburg Biennale, Africus 95.” “Calling himself a ‘linguistic terrorist,’ Boshoff stresses not only that he has claimed all languages as a weapon in an artistic war against cultural hegemony, but also that his tactics are unconventional.”

<mask>'s academic career stretches beyond a span of twenty years.He trained as a teacher at the Johannesburg College of Art before pursuing a diploma in fine art, with an emphasis on printmaking, in 1980. He received a master's degree in sculpture from Technikon Witwatersrand in 1984. He made study trips to Austria and Germany in 1982, as well as to England, Wales, and Scotland in 1993. He received an honorary doctorate from the University of Johannesburg in 2008. <mask>, one of South

masks:
Willem Boshoff
Boshoff
Boshoff
Willem Boshoff
Boshoff
Boshoff


texts: Africa's most established artists, has joined the Department of Fine Arts as a mentor for postgraduate students. Prof. <mask>, whose work has been shown extensively in South Africa and internationally, will serve as mentor and resident artist in the department. Prof. <mask> made his mark at the university in 2011 when his Thinking Stone sculpture, one of sixteen artworks commissioned by the Sculpture-on-Campus project, was installed near the Main Building.The "Black Belfast " granite stone, situated next to the H vd Merwe Scholtz Hall, weighs approximately 20 ton and, to date,is the largest of the artworks funded by the National Lottery Distribution Trust fund. Mr Ben Botma, Head of the Department of Fine Arts, says Prof. <mask>, who is based in Gauteng, will work on the Bloemfontein Campus for certain months of the year. "As an artist he is extremely productive and has an impressive international exhibition programme. As a result he has a good overview of what happens in the most important museums and contemporary galleries. This information and insight can be shared with students with great success." Mr Botma says although the mentorship is aimed at postgraduate students, Prof. <mask>'s presence and obsessive work habits will also motivate and inspire undergraduate students. "<mask> is very popular as external examiner and moderator at other universities and he has a good perspective of what happens at the major universities".<mask> would eventually leave the University and focus on becoming a professional artist. His installations are frequently based on the exploration of language and are created in

masks: Boshoff Boshoff Boshoff Boshoff Willem Boshoff


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 materials ranging from stone to paper to sand. <mask> has also worked with plant-related art pieces. He submitted a piece into the GrowBox Art Project that referenced the Biblical parable of the sower sowing seed on the rocky ground. Exhibitions
<mask>'s work was first exhibited in 1981, and in 1985 as part of a travelling group exhibition of South African Art in South Africa and to West Germany, titled 'Tributaries'. His work has subsequently been exhibited in numerous worldwide exhibitions, such as: the 1st Johannesburg Biennial (Africus), 1995; the 23rd International Biennial of São Paulo, 1996; the 2nd Johannesburg Biennial, 1997; 'Memory, Intimacy Traces' (Intimas Memorias Marcas) curated by Fernando Alvim at Pavilhãoa Branco, at the Museu da Cidade in Lisbon, Portugal and touring to the Museum of Modern Art, Antwerp, Belgium in 2000. In 1999, his installation 'Garden of words II' was exhibited at the 8th Floralies Internationales, Nantes, France and his work was also exhibited as part of a group show titled: 'Conceptualist Art: Points of Origin 1950s–1980s' at the Queens Museum of Art, New York and travelled to the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis in 2000.In the same year his work was exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art, Antwerp, Belgium; The White Box Gallery, Chelsea, New York; Havana Biennial, Cuba; Bildmuseet, Umea, Sweden; Via Cesare Correnti, Milan, Italy; Museo Nacional, Centro deArte, Reina Sofia, Madrid, Spain (as part of the exhibition: Visiones del Sur: No es sólo lo que ves: pervirtiendo minimalismo, curated by Gerardo Mosquera). In 2001 his work was shown at Den Frie Centre of

masks: Boshoff Boshoff


texts: Contemporary Art (Den Frie Udstillingsbygning), Copenhagen, Denmark; Museum Villa Stuck, Munich, Germany (as part of the group exhibition: 'Short Century: Independence and Liberation Movements in Africa') travelling to the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, USA. His work was also seen at the 49th Venice Biennial as part of the exhibition Authentic/Ex-centric: Africa In and Out Africa curated by Olu Oguibe and Okwui Enwezor and at Museum Boijmans van Beuningen, Rotterdam as part of the curated exhibition: 'Unpacking Europe' by Salah Hassan and Iftikhar Dadi (13 December 2001 – 24 February 2002). In 2002, his installation: 'Garden of Words II' was exhibited at Vandskel Kunstcentret, Silkeborg Bad, Denmark; at Camouflage, Observatorio, Brussels and in Switzerland in 2003. In 2003 his work was also exhibited at Rose Art Museum, Brandeis University, Boston, USA; Galerie Asbæk, Copenhagen, Denmark as part of the exhibition: 'Sted/Place' and Musee departmental de la Haute-Saône Albert Demard, Champlitte, France. 2005 saw his work exhibited at the 'Textures' exhibition at the National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA and in 2008 his work formed part of an exhibition curated by Stichting Sonsbeek in Arnhem, Netherlands. In 2009 he presented a performance at Art Basel, titled: 'The Big Druid in his Cubicle'; in 2010 his work was exhibited at Kunsthalle, Göppingen, Germany in a group exhibition 'Happy End' curated by Annett Reckert; Daimler Contemporary Gallery, Berlin as part of 'Ampersand' curated by Christian Ganzenberg and an installation at Hyde Park Shopping Centre, London,


texts:
 UK.Notable Works

Children of the Stars
Children of the Stars is a combination of two different themes: science and religion. <mask> uses the same concept from his art piece Circle of Knowledge. Engraving words into boulders in different languages. Circle of Knowledge
Kring van Kennis (mostly known as the Circle of Knowledge) is an art piece that consists of eleven black granite boulders with planed tops and rough-hewn sides. This was a commission given to the artist by the University of Johannesburg. Each granite boulder has engravings of the eleven official South African languages(including English). The phrases are engraved in a spiral formation on the planed top.Boshoff explains why using the South African languages is important in this piece. The Blind Alphabet
"The Blind Alphabet Project is a continuing work, designed primarily for blind people. It is a hands-on sculpture, its many pieces sculpted from a range of woods which are soft to the touch. Each word-sculpture is about the size of a rugby ball, easy to pick up, fondle and then pass on to others." Boshoff creates multiple art pieces and groups them to represent the different letters in the alphabet. The reason why Boshoff created this art piece is to make an installation that would be blind-friendly. The information about the pieces can be understood by reading the braille on them, giving the blind an advantage against those who are sighted."In the same privileged environment of the art gallery the Blind Alphabet enables the visually impaired to reverse the conventional set-up, by guiding the sighted and interpreting art for them." Panifice


texts:
Panifice is number of bread loafs on breadboards with the verse of the Gospel of Matthew inscribed on the board in an extant European language. There are also boards with an inscribed African language using the same verse. The breadboards are made of black granite and they are used to represent gravestones. This piece used to represent the idea of sharing meaning. "Is meaning encountered in the humane gesture of reaching out to the other in his or her otherness, enriching the self by the experience of the other, or is meaning dictated by casting the self in stone and exporting it to distant consumers, presumably in need of self like the one and only self?" <mask>'s art style is compared to Marcel Duchamp's, stating that Duchamp disenfranchises art as masterpieces while Boshoff disenfranchises art as connoisseurs of the finest things in life.Online reviews/listings
A feature on an artist in the public eye, Artthrob, by Sue Williamson, Issue 48, August 2001. Available online: http://www.artthrob.co.za/01aug/artbio.html
<mask> at the Goodman Gallery, 18 August – 24 September 2011, Artthrob, by Matthew Partridge. Available online: http://www.artthrob.co.za/Reviews/2011/08/Matthew-Partridge-reviews-SWAT-by-<mask>shoff-at-Goodman-Gallery.aspx
 The answer is under the rock, <mask>off interviewed by Johan Thom), Art South Africa Magazine, V4.5, 2006. Also available online: http://artsouthafrica.com/?article=76
 Inside Out: The Johannesburg Biennale, by Ruth Rosengarten, Frieze Magazine Issue 23 June – August 1995. Also available online: http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/inside_out1/

See also
Installation

masks:
Boshoff
Willem Boshoff
Willem Bo
Willem Bosh


texts:
 art
Sculpture
Concrete Poetry
List of concrete and visual poets

References

External links
https://movingcube.uj.ac.za/3d-gallery/blind-alphabet-letter-b-barbery-bigeminate/
https://movingcube.uj.ac.za/watch/blind-alphabet-documentary-series/brief-history-willem-boshoffs-blind-alphabet/
http://www.willemboshoff.com
"http://www.willemboshoff.com/documents/artworks/young_guns.htm." 1951 births
Living people
South African


texts: <mask>  (born 11 October 1937), known as <mask>, is an English former footballer who played either as a midfielder or a forward. Considered one of the greatest players of all time, he was a member of the England team that won the 1966 FIFA World Cup, the year he also won the Ballon d'Or. He played almost all of his club football at Manchester United, where he became renowned for his attacking instincts, his passing abilities from midfield and his ferocious long-range shot, as well as his fitness and stamina. He was cautioned only twice in his career; once against Argentina in the 1966 World Cup, and once in a league match against Chelsea. His elder brother Jack, who was also in the World Cup-winning team, was a former defender for Leeds United and international manager. Born in Ashington, Northumberland, <mask> made his debut for the Manchester United first-team in 1956, and over the next two seasons gained a regular place in the team, during which time he survived the Munich air disaster of 1958 after being rescued by Harry Gregg. <mask> is the last surviving person of the crash.After helping United to win the Football League First Division in 1965, he won another First Division title with United in 1967. In 1968, he captained the Manchester United team that won the European Cup, scoring two goals in the final to help them become the first English club to win the competition. He was named in the England squad for four World Cups (1958, 1962, 1966 and 1970), though did not play in the first. At the time of his retirement from the England team in 1970, he was the nation's most capped player, having turned out 106 times at the highest level. (As of November 2019, this record had been surpassed by six players.) <mask> was both Manchester United's and England's long-time record goalscorer, and United's long-time record appearance maker, as well as briefly England's, until <mask> overtook his 106 caps in 1973. His appearance record of 758 for United took until 2008 to be beaten, when Ryan Giggs did so

masks:
Sir Robert Charlton
Bobby Charlton
Charlton
Charlton
Charlton
Bobby Moore


texts:
 in that year's Champions League final.With 249 goals, he is currently United's second-highest all-time goalscorer, after his record was surpassed by Wayne Rooney in 2017. He is also the second-highest goalscorer for England, after his record of 49 goals which was held until 2015 was again surpassed by Rooney. He left Manchester United to become manager of Preston North End for the 1973–74 season. He changed to player-manager the following season. He next accepted a post as a director with Wigan Athletic, then became a member of Manchester United's board of directors in 1984. Early life
<mask> was born in Ashington, Northumberland, England on 11 October 1937 to coal miner Robert "Bob" <mask> (24 May 1909 – April 1982) and Elizabeth Ellen "Cissie" <mask> (née Milburn) (11 November 1912 – 25 March 1996). He is related to several professional footballers on his mother's side of the family: his uncles were Jack Milburn (Leeds United and Bradford City), George Milburn (Leeds United and Chesterfield), Jim Milburn (Leeds United and Bradford Park Avenue) and Stan Milburn (Chesterfield, Leicester City and Rochdale), and legendary Newcastle United and England footballer Jackie Milburn, was his mother's cousin.However, <mask> credits much of the early development of his career to his grandfather Tanner and his mother Cissie. His elder brother, Jack, initially worked as a miner before applying to the police, only to also become a professional footballer with Leeds United. Club career
On 9 February 1953, then a Bedlington Grammar School pupil, <mask> was spotted playing for East Northumberland schools by Manchester United chief scout Joe Armstrong. <mask> went on to play for England Schoolboys and the 15-year-old signed with United on 1 January 1953, along with Wilf McGuinness, also aged 15. Initially his mother was reluctant to let him commit to an insecure football career, so he began an apprenticeship as an electrical engineer; however, he went on to turn professional in October 1954. <mask> became one of

masks: Charlton Charlton Charlton Charlton Charlton Charlton Charlton


texts: the famed Busby Babes, the collection of talented footballers who emerged through the system at Old Trafford in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s as Matt Busby set about a long-term plan of rebuilding the club after the Second World War. He worked his way through the pecking order of teams, scoring regularly for the youth and reserve sides before he was handed his first team debut against Charlton Athletic in October 1956.At the same time, he was doing his National service with the Royal Army Ordnance Corps in Shrewsbury, where Busby had advised him to apply as it meant he could still play for Manchester United at the weekend. Also doing his army service in Shrewsbury at the same time was his United teammate Duncan Edwards. <mask> played 14 times for United in that first season, scoring twice on his debut and managing a total of 12 goals in all competitions, and including a hat-trick in a 5–1 away win over Charlton Athletic in February. United won the league championship but were denied the 20th century's first "double" when they controversially lost the 1957 FA Cup Final to Aston Villa. <mask>, still only 19, was selected for the game, which saw United goalkeeper Ray Wood carried off with a broken cheekbone after a clash with Villa centre forward Peter McParland. Though <mask> was a candidate to go in goal to replace Wood (in the days before substitutes, and certainly before goalkeeping substitutes), it was teammate Jackie Blanchflower who ended up between the posts. Charlton was an established player by the time the next season was fully underway, which saw United, as current League champions, become the first English team to compete in the European Cup.Previously, the Football Association had scorned the competition, but United made progress, reaching the semi-finals where they lost to holders Real Madrid. Their reputation was further enhanced the next season as they reached the quarter-finals to play Red Star Belgrade. In the first leg at home, United won 2–1. The return in Yugoslavia saw Charlton

masks: Charlton Charlton Charlton


texts:
 score twice as United stormed 3–0 ahead, although the hosts came back to earn a 3–3 draw. However, United maintained their aggregate lead to reach the last four and were in jubilant mood as they left to catch their flight home, thinking of an important League game against Wolves at the weekend. Munich air disaster

The aeroplane which took the United players and staff home from Zemun Airport needed to stop in Munich to refuel. This was carried out in worsening weather, and by the time the refuelling was complete and the call was made for the passengers to re-board the aircraft, the wintry showers had taken hold and snow had settled heavily on the runway and around the airport.There were two aborted take-offs which led to concern on board, and the passengers were advised by a stewardess to disembark again while a minor technical error was fixed. The team were back in the airport terminal for barely ten minutes when the call came to reconvene on the plane, and a number of passengers began to feel nervous. <mask> and teammate Dennis Viollet swapped places with Tommy Taylor and David Pegg, who had decided they would be safer at the back of the plane. The plane clipped the fence at the end of the runway on its next take-off attempt and a wing tore through a nearby house, setting it alight. The wing and part of the tail came off and hit a tree and a wooden hut, the plane spinning along the snow until coming to a halt. It had been cut in half. <mask>, strapped into his seat, had fallen out of the cabin; when United goalkeeper Harry Gregg (who had somehow got through a hole in the plane unscathed and begun a one-man rescue mission) found him, he thought he was dead.Nevertheless, he grabbed both <mask> and Viollet by their trouser waistbands and dragged them away from the plane, in constant fear that it would explode. Gregg returned to the plane to try to help the appallingly injured Busby and Blanchflower, and when he turned around again, he was relieved to see that <mask> and Viollet, both of whom he

masks: Charlton Charlton Charlton Charlton


texts:
 had presumed to be dead, had got out of their detached seats and were looking into the wreckage. <mask> suffered cuts to his head and severe shock, and was in hospital for a week. Seven of his teammates had perished at the scene, including Taylor and Pegg, with whom he and Viollet had swapped seats prior to the fatal take-off attempt. Club captain Roger Byrne was also killed, along with Mark Jones, Billy Whelan, Eddie Colman and Geoff Bent. Duncan Edwards died a fortnight later from the injuries he had sustained. In total, the crash claimed 23 lives.Initially, ice on the wings was blamed, but a later inquiry declared that slush on the runway had made a safe take-off almost impossible. Of the 44 passengers and crew (including the 17-strong Manchester United squad), 23 people (eight of them Manchester United players) died as a result of their injuries in the crash. <mask> survived with minor injuries. Of the eight other players who survived, two of them were injured so badly that they never played again. <mask> was the first injured survivor to leave hospital. Harry Gregg and Bill Foulkes were not hospitalised, for they escaped uninjured. He arrived back in England on 14 February 1958, eight days after the crash.As he convalesced with family in Ashington, he spent some time kicking a ball around with local youths, and a famous photograph of him was taken. He was still only 20 years old, yet now there was an expectation that he would help with the rebuilding of the club as Busby's aides tried to piece together what remained of the season. Resuming his career
<mask> returned to playing in an FA Cup tie against West Bromwich Albion on 1 March; the game was a draw and United won the replay 1–0. Not unexpectedly, United went out of the European Cup to A.C. Milan in the semi-finals to a 5–2 aggregate defeat and fell behind in the League. Yet somehow they reached their second consecutive FA Cup final, and the big day at Wembley coincided with Busby's return to work. However, his words could not inspire a


texts: side which was playing on a nation's goodwill and sentiment, and Nat Lofthouse scored twice to give Bolton Wanderers a 2–0 win. Further success with Manchester United came at last when they beat Leicester City 3–1 in the FA Cup final of 1963, with Charlton finally earning a winners' medal in his third final.Busby's post-Munich rebuilding programme continued to progress with two League championships within three seasons, with United taking the title in 1965 and 1967. A successful (though trophyless) season with Manchester United had seen him take the honours of Football Writers' Association Footballer of the Year and European Footballer of the Year into the competition. Manchester United reached the 1968 European Cup Final, ten seasons after Munich. Even though other clubs had taken part in the competition in the intervening decade, the team which got to this final was still the first English side to do so. On a highly emotional night at Wembley, Charlton scored twice in a 4–1 win after extra time against Benfica and, as United captain, lifted the trophy. During the early 1970s Manchester United were no longer competing among the top teams in England, and at several stages were battling against relegation. At times, Charlton was not on speaking terms with United's other superstars George Best and Denis Law, and Best refused to play in Charlton's testimonial match against Celtic, saying that "to do so would be hypocritical".<mask> left Manchester United at the end of the 1972–73 season, having scored 249 goals and set a club record of 758 appearances, a record which Ryan Giggs broke in the 2008 UEFA Champions League Final. His last game for Manchester United was against Chelsea at Stamford Bridge on 28 April 1973, and before the game the BBC cameras for Match of the Day captured the Chelsea chairman handing him a commemorative cigarette case. Chelsea won the match 1–0. Coincidentally, this day also marked his brother Jackie's last appearance as well (for Leeds). <mask>'s final goal for the club

masks: Charlton Charlton


texts:
 came a month earlier, on 31 March, in a 2–0 win at Southampton, also in the First Division. He was the subject of This Is Your Life in 1969 when he was surprised by Eamonn Andrews at The Sportsman's Club in central London. International career

<mask>'s emergence as the country's leading young football talent was completed when he was called up to join the England squad for a British Home Championship game against Scotland at Hampden Park on 19 April 1958, just over two months after he had survived the Munich air disaster.<mask> was handed his debut as England romped home 4–0, with the new player gaining even more admirers after scoring a magnificent thumping volley dispatched with authority after a cross by the left winger Tom Finney. He scored both goals in his second game as England beat Portugal 2–1 in a friendly at Wembley; and overcame obvious nerves on a return to Belgrade to play his third match against Yugoslavia. England lost that game 5–0 and <mask> played poorly. 1958 World Cup

<mask> was selected for the squad which competed at the 1958 World Cup in Sweden, but he did not play. In 1959 he scored a hat-trick as England demolished the US 8–1; and his second England hat-trick came in 1961 in an 8–0 thrashing of Mexico. He also managed to score in every British Home Championship tournament he played in except 1963 in an association with the tournament that lasted from 1958 to 1970 and included 16 goals and 10 tournament victories (five shared). 1962 World Cup
He played in qualifiers for the 1962 World Cup in Chile against Luxembourg and Portugal and was named in the squad for the finals themselves.His goal in the 3–1 group win over Argentina was his 25th for England in just 38 appearances, and he was still only 24 years old; but his individual success could not be replicated by that of the team, which was eliminated in the quarter-final by Brazil, who went on to win the tournament. By now, England were coached by Alf Ramsey who had managed to gain sole control of the recruitment and


texts:
 team selection procedure from the committee-based call-up system which had lasted up to the previous World Cup. Ramsey had already cleared out some of the older players who had been reliant on the loyalty of the committee for their continued selection. A hat-trick in the 8–1 rout of Switzerland in June 1963 took Charlton's England goal tally to 30, equalling the record jointly held by Tom Finney and Nat Lofthouse; Charlton's 31st goal against Wales in October the same year gave him the record alone. Charlton's role was developing from traditional inside-forward to what today would be termed an attacking midfield player, with Ramsey planning to build the team for the 1966 World Cup around him. When England beat the USA 10–0 in a friendly on 27 May 1964, he scored one goal, his 33rd at senior level for England. His goals became a little less frequent, and indeed Jimmy Greaves, playing purely as a striker, overtook his England tally in October 1964.Nevertheless, <mask> was still scoring and creating freely, and as the tournament was about to start he was expected to become one of its stars and galvanise his established reputation as one of the world's best footballers. 1966 World Cup
England drew the opening game of the tournament 0–0 with Uruguay. Charlton scored the first goal in the 2–0 win over Mexico. This was followed by an identical scoreline against France, allowing England to qualify for the quarter-finals. England defeated Argentina 1–0. The game was the only international match in which Charlton received a caution. They faced Portugal in the semi-finals.This turned out to be one of Charlton's most important games for England. Charlton opened the scoring with a crisp side-footed finish after a run by Roger Hunt had forced the Portuguese goalkeeper out of his net; his second was a sweetly struck shot after a run and pull-back from Geoff Hurst. Charlton and Hunt were now England's joint-highest scorers in the tournament with three each, and a final against West Germany beckoned. The final


texts:
 turned out to be one of Charlton's quieter days; he and a young Franz Beckenbauer effectively marked each other out of the game. England won 4–2 after extra time. Euro 1968
Charlton's next England game was his 75th as England beat Northern Ireland; 2 caps later and he had become England's second most-capped player, behind the veteran Billy Wright, who was approaching his 100th appearance when Charlton was starting out and ended with 105 caps. Weeks later he scored his 45th England goal in a friendly against Sweden, breaking the record of 44 set the previous year by Jimmy Greaves.He was then in the England team which made it to the semi-finals of the 1968 European Championships where they were knocked out by Yugoslavia in Florence. During the match <mask> struck a Yugoslav post. England defeated the Soviet Union 2–0 in the third place match. In 1969, <mask> was appointed an OBE for services to football. More milestones followed as he won his 100th England cap on 21 April 1970 against Northern Ireland, and was made captain by Ramsey for the occasion. Inevitably, he scored. This was his 48th goal for his country – his 49th and final goal followed a month later in a 4–0 win over Colombia during a warm-up tour for the 1970 World Cup, designed to get the players adapted to altitude conditions.Charlton's inevitable selection by Ramsey for the tournament made him the first – and still, to date, only – England player to feature in four World Cup squads. 1970 World Cup
Shortly before the World Cup, <mask> was involved in the Bogotá Bracelet incident in which he and <mask> were accused of stealing a bracelet from a jewellery store. Moore was later arrested and detained for four days before being granted a conditional release, while <mask> was not arrested. England began the tournament with two victories in the group stages, plus a memorable defeat against Brazil. <mask> played in all three, though was substituted for Alan Ball in the final game of the group against Czechoslovakia. Ramsey, confident of

masks:
Charlton
Charlton
Charlton
Bobby Moore
Charlton
Charlton


texts:
 victory and progress to the quarter-final, wanted Charlton to rest. England reached the last eight where they again faced West Germany.Charlton controlled the midfield and suppressed Franz Beckenbauer's runs from deep. England took a 2–0 lead in the 50th minute after goals from Alan Mullery and Martin Peters. In the 69th minute, Beckenbauer pulled a goal back for the Germans and Ramsey soon replaced Charlton with Colin Bell, who further tested the German goalkeeper Sepp Maier and also provided a cross for Geoff Hurst, who missed a chance to score. West Germany, who had a habit of coming back from behind, eventually scored twice – a back header from Uwe Seeler made it 2–2. In extra-time, Geoff Hurst had a goal mysteriously ruled out after which Gerd Müller's goal won the match 3–2. England were out and, after a record 106 caps and 49 goals, <mask> decided to end his international career at the age of 32. On the flight home from Mexico, he asked Ramsey not to consider him again.His brother Jack, two years his senior but 71 caps his junior, did likewise. Charlton's caps record lasted until 1973 when <mask> overtook him; he currently lies seventh in the all-time England appearances list behind Moore, Wayne Rooney, Ashley Cole, Steven Gerrard, David Beckham and Peter Shilton, whose own England career began in the first game after Charlton's had ended. Charlton's goalscoring record was surpassed by Wayne Rooney on 8 September 2015, when Rooney scored a penalty in a 2–0 win over Switzerland in a qualifying match for UEFA Euro 2016. Management career and directorships

Charlton became the manager of Preston North End in 1973, signing his former United and England teammate Nobby Stiles as player-coach. His first season ended in relegation, and although he began playing again, he left Preston early in the 1975–76 season after a disagreement with the board over the transfer of John Bird to Newcastle United. He was appointed a CBE that year and began a casual association with BBC for punditry on matches,

masks:
Charlton
Bobby Moore


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 which continued for many years. In early 1976, he scored once in three league appearances for Waterford United.He also made a handful of appearances for Australian clubs Newcastle KB United, Perth Azzurri and Blacktown City. He joined Wigan Athletic as a director, and was briefly caretaker manager there in 1983. He then spent some time playing in South Africa. He also built up several businesses in areas such as travel, jewellery and hampers, and ran soccer schools in the UK, the US, Canada, Australia and China. In 1984, he was invited to become member of the board of directors at Manchester United, partly because of his football knowledge and partly because it was felt that the club needed a "name" on the board after the resignation of Sir Matt Busby. He remained a director of Manchester United into the late 2010s, and his continued presence was a factor in placating many fans opposed to the club's takeover by Malcolm Glazer. Personal life and retirement
<mask> met his wife, Norma Ball, at an ice rink in Manchester in 1959 and they married in 1961.They have two daughters, Suzanne and Andrea. Suzanne was a weather forecaster for the BBC during the 1990s. They now have grandchildren, including Suzanne's son Robert, who is named in honour of his grandfather. In 2007, while publicising his forthcoming autobiography, <mask> revealed that he had a long-running feud with his brother, Jack. They rarely spoke to each other after a falling-out between his wife Norma and his mother Cissie (who died on 25 March 1996 at the age of 83). <mask> did not see his mother after 1992 as a result of the feud. Jack presented him with his BBC Sports Personality of the Year Lifetime Achievement Award on 14 December 2008.He said that he was 'knocked out' as he was presented the award by his brother. He received a standing ovation as he stood waiting for his prize. <mask> helped to promote Manchester's bids for the 1996 and 2000 Olympic Games and the 2002 Commonwealth Games, England's bid for the 2006 World Cup and

masks:
Charlton
Charlton
Bobby Charlton
Charlton


texts: London's successful bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics. He received a knighthood in 1994 and was an Inaugural Inductee to the English Football Hall of Fame in 2002. On accepting his award, he commented: "I'm really proud to be included in the National Football Museum's Hall of Fame. It's a great honour. If you look at the names included I have to say I couldn't argue with them.They are all great players and people I would love to have played with." He is also the (honorary) president of the National Football Museum, an organisation about which he said "I can't think of a better museum anywhere in the world." On 2 March 2009, Charlton was given the freedom of the city of Manchester. He stated: "I'm just so proud, it's fantastic. It's a great city. I have always been very proud of it." Charlton is involved in a number of charitable activities, including fund raising for cancer hospitals.<mask> became involved in the cause of land mine clearance after visits to Bosnia and Cambodia and supports the Mines Advisory Group as well as founding his own charity Find a Better Way which funds research into improved civilian landmine clearance. In January 2011, <mask> was voted the fourth-greatest Manchester United player of all time by the readers of Inside United and ManUtd.com, behind Ryan Giggs (who topped the poll), Eric Cantona and George Best. He is a member of the Laureus World Sports Academy. On 6 February 2012 <mask> was taken to hospital after falling ill, and subsequently had a gallstone removed. This prevented him from collecting a Lifetime Achievement Award at the Laureus World Sports Awards. On 15 February 2016, Manchester United announced the South Stand of Old Trafford would be renamed in honour of Sir <mask>. The unveiling took place at the home game against Everton on 3 April 2016.In October 2017, <mask> had a pitch named after him at St George's Park National Football Centre in Burton-upon-Trent. In November 2020, it was revealed that <mask> had been diagnosed with dementia. In popular

masks:
Charlton
Charlton
Charlton
Bobby Charlton
Charlton
Charlton


texts:
 culture
In the episode "Taking Liberties" of the sitcom Frasier, Daphne Moon (Jane Leeves) mentions that one of her uncles tried fanatically to get <mask>'s autograph, "until <mask> cracked him over the head with a can of lager. Twelve stitches, and he still has the can!" In the 2011 film United, centred on the successes of the Busby Babes and the decimation of the team in the Munich crash, <mask> was portrayed by actor Jack O'Connell. In the episode "Munich Air Disaster" of the air crash documentary Mayday, he was interviewed as a survivor in the show, alongside Harry Gregg. players
Association football midfielders
BBC Sports Personality Lifetime Achievement Award recipients
Ballon d'Or winners
Bangor City F.C.players
Blacktown City FC players
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
English autobiographers
English footballers
England international footballers
England under-23 international footballers
English expatriate sportspeople in Australia
English expatriate sportspeople in Ireland
English expatriate sportspeople in South Africa
English expatriate footballers
English Football Hall of Fame inductees
English Football League players
English Football League representative players
English football managers
Expatriate association footballers in the Republic of Ireland
Expatriate soccer players in Australia
Expatriate soccer players in South Africa
FA Cup Final players
FIFA 100
FIFA Century Club
FIFA World Cup-winning players
Association football people awarded knighthoods
Knights Bachelor
Laureus World Sports Awards winners
League of Ireland players
Manchester United F.C. players
Newcastle KB United players
People educated at Bedlingtonshire Community High School
Preston North End F.C. managers
Preston North End F.C. players
Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun, 4th class
Royal Army Ordnance Corps soldiers
Sportspeople from Ashington
Survivors of aviation accidents or incidents
UEFA Champions League winning players
UEFA Euro 1968 players
Waterford F.C. players
Wigan Athletic F.C.

masks: Charlton Bobby Charlton


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<mask> (February 3, 1679 – November 16, 1756) was an Italian rabbi and physician, best known as author of the rabbinic encyclopedia Paħad Yitzħak. <mask> was born at Ferrara. His great-grandfather, <mask>, had emigrated from Constantinople to Ferrara in the sixteenth century. His father, a man of wealth, died when <mask> was six years of age. <mask> was sent to school in his eighth year, his teachers being Shabbethai Elhanan Recanati and S. E. Sanguineti. In his fourteenth year he went to Lugo, to the school of R. Manoah Provençal; thence he went to Padua to study medicine, attending at the same time lectures on philosophy. There he enjoyed especially the intercourse and instruction of the physician R<mask>.On completing his medical studies he was employed as teacher for a time in various Italian cities, and on his return to his native city the yeshibah conferred upon him the title of ḥaber. Shortly afterward he went to Mantua to complete his rabbinical studies under R. Judah Brial and R. Joseph Cases, who also was a physician. Lampronti entered into especially close relations with R. Judah, whom he frequently mentions in his great work. When Mantua was threatened with war, in 1701, Lampronti, following the wishes of his family, returned to Ferrara, where he established himself as physician and teacher, delivering lectures for adults in his house both on week-days and on the Sabbath. Teacher

In 1709 Lampronti was appointed teacher at the Italian Talmud Torah, receiving a monthly salary of twelve scudi in return for devoting the larger part of his day to teaching chiefly Hebrew grammar, arithmetic, and Italian. Lampronti gave his

masks:
Isaac Lampronti
Lampronti
Samuel Lampronti
Isaac
Isaac
. Isaac Cantarini


texts: pupils his own homilies on the weekly sections, composed in Italian, for practise in translating into Hebrew. He also set some of his pupils to copy from the sources material which he needed for the encyclopedic work he had undertaken.The directors of the community, who thought this interfered with his duties as teacher, forbade him, in October, 1725, to keep the material for his work in the schoolhouse. When the Spanish Talmud Torah was discontinued, in 1729, the pupils of this school also passed into the hands of Lampronti. Thus he became the teacher of most of the members of the community, and long after his death it was said in the community of Ferrara, "All the learning found among us is derived from the mouth of our father <mask>." In addition to his duties as teacher he filled the position of preacher, from 1704, in the Sephardic community, and, beginning with 1717, in the Italian synagogue. His sermons, which were very popular, have not been preserved. He mentions one of them, on truth and untruth, in referring to his "Sefer ha-Derushim Shelli" in an article of his "Paḥad Yiẓḥaḳ" (letter מ, article ). His funeral oration ("Darke Shalom") on Samson Morpurgo he mentions in his approbation to the latter's responsa "Shemesh Ẓedaḳah."His name is connected with an Ark of the Law in the Sephardic synagogue at Ferrara, placed there by him in 1710, at his own cost. In 1718 <mask> was appointed a full member of the rabbinical college. His signature as the latest member, following those of Mordecai Zahalon, Shabbethai Elhanan Recanati, and Samuel Baruch Borghi, is found in a responsum of the yeshibah of Ferrara of the year 1727, which he

masks: Isaac Lampronti


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 quotes (letter ב, p. 20d). Physician

In 1738 he was elected rabbi of the Spanish synagogue in place of his former teacher, Recanati; and after the death of Mordecai Zahalon he became president of the yeshibah (1749). He began immediately the printing of his great work (see below). He had then reached the age of seventy, and for the next eight years until his death, he taught continuously, although he had to be taken to the school by his pupils on account of an ailment of his feet. Notwithstanding his other occupations, he continued to practise medicine, visiting his patients early in the morning, because, as he said, the physician has a surer eye and can judge better of the state of his patient after the night's rest.He had a great reputation as physician, and his contemporaries generally added to his name the epithet "the famous physician." He corresponded on medical subjects with his teacher <mask>, and he drew upon his medical knowledge in many passages of his work. He died deeply mourned by the community and his numerous pupils. No stone was erected on his grave, for half a year before his death the tombstones of the Jewish cemetery of Ferrara had been destroyed at the instigation of the clergy (Ferrara belonged to the Papal States), and the Jews were at the same time forbidden to place stones on the graves of their dead. More than a century later, Ferrara publicly honored the memory of Lampronti; on April 19, 1872, a stone tablet, for which Jews and Christians had contributed, was placed on the house in which he had lived; it bears the following inscription: "Abitò in questa casa Isacco Lampronti, nato nel MDCLXXIX., morto nel


texts:
 MDCCLVI. Medico Teologo tra i dotti celebratissimo. Onorò la patria.Riverenti alla scienza alcuni cittadini posero MDCCCLXXII." The "Pachad Yitzchak"

Lampronti's life-work was his rabbinical encyclopedia Pachad Yitzchak (name derived from Gen. xxxi. 42), the material for which he had begun to collect as early as his student days at Mantua, and on which he worked during his whole life. When he decided in his old age to publish this great work, he traveled together with his pupil Jacob Raphael Saraval, as the latter says in the preface of the correctors (Saraval and Simchah Calimani), through the Italian cities in order to secure the approbations (haskamot) of the rabbinical authorities of Italy for the work. The collection of these approbations, which were given in 1749 and 1750, is a curious monument of the Jewish scholars of northern Italy in the eighteenth century; it includes sonnets and poems in other forms in honor of Lampronti. The following cities are represented by their yeshibahs or rabbis: Venice, Leghorn, Reggio, Verona, Ancona, Padua, Mantua, Casale Monferrato, Modena, Turin, Florence, Alessandria della Paglia, Pesaro, Finale, Lugo, Rovigo. In the second volume are added the approbations of R. Malachi ben Jacob Kohn of Livorno, author of the "Yad Mal'achi," and of three Palestinian scholars stopping at Ferrara.The work was planned to fill six volumes, as recorded in the printing permit of the Jewish communal directorate of Venice. But only the first volume and the first half of the second volume appeared during the author's lifetime. Vol. i. (1750) contains in two specially paged sections (of 124 and 76 folios


texts: respectively) the letter א; the first part of vol. ii. (1753) contains the letters ב (fol.1-75) and ו (fol. 76-105). The second part of vol. ii. appeared forty years after the author's death (1796); it contains the letters ח (fol. 1-49), ו (fol. 50-60), ן (fol.67-77), ח, beginning (78-110). Vol. iii. appeared in the same year; it contains: ח, end (fol. 1-61), ט (fol. 63-93). These volumes were printed at the press of <mask> (formerly Bragadini) at Venice.Two other volumes appeared in 1813 (vol. iv., Reggio) and 1840 (vol. v., Leghorn); vol. iv. contains the letters י (fol. 1-41a. ), ב (fol.41a-108); ל (specially paged, 1-26); vol. v. contains the letter מ (241 fols.). This last-named volume contains additions to the text by Abraham Baruch Piperno, under the title "Zechor le-Abraham." In 1845 the autograph manuscript of the entire work was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale of Paris, in 120 volumes, 68 of which corresponded with the parts that had so far appeared. The Paris manuscript also contains the author's Italian correspondence, which was not included in the edition (see Cat. Hebr. MSS.Bibliothèque Nationale. p. 61. Nos. 458-577). The society Mekitze Nirdamim, on its foundation, took as one of its first tasks the publication of those portions of Lampronti's work which had not yet been printed. The first to appear (in octavo instead of folio, the size of the previous volumes) were the letters נ (1864; 100 fols. ), ס (1866; 196 fols.), ע (1868; 173 fols. ), פ (1871; 74 fols. ), and צ and first half of ק (1874; 200 fols.). The work was continued ten years later by the reorganized society Mekitze Nirdamim; during 1885-87 the


texts:
 remainder of the letter ק was published and the letters ר (148 fols. ), ש (318 fols. ), and ח (183 fols.). Thus the publication of the work was completed 127 years after the printing of the first volume.Character of the work

<mask>'s work is an alphabetically arranged encyclopedia to the Talmud and Talmudic literature. In the censor's permit, dated June, 1749, prefixed to the first volume, it is designated as "Dizionario Rituale in Lingua Ebraica," a designation which probably originated with the author. As a matter of fact <mask>'s encyclopedia deals chiefly with the Halachah, the material for the articles being taken from the entire halachic literature down to the latest responsa, which he had, in part, in manuscript. He devotes much space to discussing questions of ritual law, as found in the responsa of contemporary Italian rabbis. On some questions he gives the entire correspondence, as on fols. 9d-13a, 31d-37d, 46d-50a, 74b-76a, 79c-80b, 102b-107a, in the first volume. The arrangement is a characteristic feature of the work.Single words are used occasionally as headings for his articles, but more frequently he uses entire sentences, either as he found them in the sources, or as propositions derived from the sources. In vol. i. thirty articles begin with the word<?> ; and a special article, besides, refers to about one hundred other articles of the work in which this concept is treated (see Jew. Encyc. ii. 215-218). About one hundred articles begin with the word<?>, and a special article refers to as many more in which the word occurs.The articles are arranged in strictly alphabetical order, this being especially important in a

masks: Lampronti Lampronti


texts:
 work of this kind. The quotations are accompanied by an exact statement of their sources. In addition to the Halakah much space is devoted to the Haggadah of the Talmuds, and the work may also be regarded as an alphabetical index of the Talmudic haggadic sentences. It may be noted as a curious instance that in the article (ii. 766) Lampronti refers to a work in Italian, the title of which he quotes in carefully punctuated Hebrew transcription: "Demostrazioni della Essenza di Dio dalle Opere della sua Creazione; da Guglielmo Deram [], Firenze, 1719." Lampronti's work has not yet been critically examined, nor has a list been made of the sources which he used or quoted. Addenda made by Lampronti are preserved in the library of the Talmud Torah at Ferrara; according to Rabbi Benedetto <mask> of Ferrara, the author of a short biography of <mask> ("Ha-Maggid," xix.70), there are thirty-five folios, most of the leaves of which are, however, blank. But the addenda which are scattered through the several volumes of the work itself would if collected make a stout volume. <mask>'s elder son, Samuel Ḥay, is mentioned in the article ; his younger son, <mask>, was a physician, like his father, and versed in rabbinical lore. References
B. J. Levi, Della Vita e dell' Opera di Isacco Lampronti, Padua, 1871;
idem, in Ha-Maggid (1875), xix. 69 et seq. ;
Nepi-Ghirondi, Toledot Gedole Yisrael;
Geiger, Jüd. Zeit.1871, ix. 183 et seq. 1679 births
1756 deaths
18th-century Italian rabbis
Sephardi rabbis
Jewish encyclopedists
Italian encyclopedists
18th-century Italian physicians
18th-century Jewish physicians
Physicians from Ferrara
Religious leaders from

masks:
Isaac Levi
Lampronti
Lampronti
Solomon Lampronti


texts:
<mask>  (Arabic: غبريال يارد; born 7 October 1949) is a Lebanese-French composer, best known for his work in French and American cinema. Born in Beirut, Lebanon, Yared scored the French films Betty Blue and Camille Claudel. He later worked on English-language films, particularly those directed by Anthony Minghella. He won an Academy Award for Best Original Score and a Grammy Award for his work on The English Patient (1996) and was nominated for both The Talented Mr. Ripley (1999) and Cold Mountain (2003). Life and career
When Yared was 7, his father sent him to an accordion teacher. Two years later Yared stopped his accordion lessons and started music theory and piano lessons. Although he was not necessarily a gifted pianist, Yared was interested in reading music.When <mask> was 14, his piano teacher died and <mask> replaced him as the organist of Université Saint-Joseph. <mask> used the university's library to read the works of Johann Sebastian Bach, Robert Schumann, and many other composers. This extensive reading inspired his first original composition, a piano waltz. <mask> gained a degree in law and did not formally study music at the university level until he traveled to France in 1969 to attend the École Normale de Musique de Paris as a non-registered student. There he learned the rules of music composition from Henri Dutilleux. At the end of 1971, <mask> went to Brazil to visit his uncle and was asked by the president of the World Federation of Light Music Festivals to write a song to represent the Lebanese in the Rio de Janeiro Song Festival. The song he composed went on to win first prize.While in Brazil, he also performed with a small orchestra. <mask> subsequently said that his time in Brazil greatly influenced his work. In 1975, he arranged the album Minacantalucio for the popular Italian singer Mina. He then went back to France, where he met and collaborated with the Costa Brothers, Jacques Dutronc, Françoise Hardy, Charles Aznavour, Mireille

masks:
Gabriel Yared
Yared
Yared
Yared
Yared
Yared
Yared


texts:
 Mathieu, and numerous other musicians. This was a prolific period for the composer and he wrote nearly 3,000 pieces over a span of about six years. His contributions included a number of radio and TV jingles, such as TF1 news jingles and an episode on the series In the Tracks of. Film scores
<mask> is best known for his collaborations with the late Anthony Minghella.His first collaboration with Minghella was the 1996 film The English Patient, which was highly acclaimed and won him an Oscar for Best Original Score. He composed the scores for all of Minghella's subsequent films and the music for the television series The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency, co-created by Minghella and Richard Curtis. Aside from his work with Minghella, <mask> scored a number of other films, including Betty Blue (1986), City of Angels (1998), Message in a Bottle (1999), Autumn in New York (2000), The Next Best Thing (2000), Possession (2002), and Bon Voyage (2003). He had a notable collaboration with René Laloux in the late 1980es on Gandahar and How Wang-fo was saved produced at the SEK Studio in North Korea. Cassandra Clare reported in August 2012 that <mask> was tapped to compose the score for The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones. However, he was eventually replaced on the project by Atli Örvarsson.Troy soundtrack
In 2004, <mask>'s score for the film Troy was rejected less than a month before the film's opening as a result of the poor reception by a test screening audience. The test audience were said to have found Yared's music too "brassy and bold". James Horner, the composer of the scores for such films as Braveheart and Titanic was then hired to create a replacement score in less than four weeks. <mask> expressed his dismay at the score's rejection in an open letter which was posted on his website. He said that the score which the test audience had heard was not yet finished and mixed properly, and that the studio had given him no opportunity to alter his score in light of

masks: Yared Yared Yared Yared Yared


texts:
 the audience's reaction. Warner Bros. still owns the rights to Yared's Troy score and an official recording is not currently available and may never be (although selections from the score were briefly posted on Yared's website and private promotional CD). Film score critic Christian Clemmensen of Filmtracks.com felt that Yared's work for Troy was far superior to what Horner had written, giving Horner's score a 3-star rating and Yared's a 5-star rating, saying that it was "outstanding," and called it the "pinnacle of Yared's career."Ballet scores
<mask> created the score to the narrative ballet Raven Girl choreographed to the Royal Ballet by Wayne McGregor after the story by Audrey Niffenegger. Selected filmography

Sauve qui peut (la vie) (1980) Music
La Lune dans le caniveau (1983) Music
Dangerous Moves (1984) Music
Le téléphone sonne toujours deux fois!! (1985) Music
37°2 le matin [Betty Blue] (1986) Music
Beyond Therapy (1987) Music
Agent trouble (1987) Music
L'homme voilé (1987) Music
Gandahar (1987) Music (not in US dubbed version Light Years)
Camille Claudel (1989) Music
Clean and Sober (1988) Music
Une nuit à l'Assemblée Nationale (1988)
Romero (1989) Music
Les 1001 Nuits (1990) Music
Vincent & Theo (1990) Music
The King's Whore (1990) Music
Tatie Danielle (1991) Music and theme song "The Complaint of the Old Bitch" (sung by Catherine Ringer)
L'Amant [The Lover] (1992) Music
La Fille de l'air (1992) Music
Map of the Human Heart (1993) Music
The English Patient (1996) Original Music
City of Angels (1998) Music and Orchestrations
Message in a Bottle (1999) Music and Orchestrations
The Talented Mr. Ripley (1999) Music, Orchestrations and songs
Autumn in New York (2000) Composed and Conductor
The Next Best Thing (2000) Music, Conductor and Orchestrations
Possession (2002) Composer, Conductor and Orchestrations
Bon voyage (2003) Music
Cold Mountain (2003) Composed and Orchestrations
Sylvia (2003) Composer
Shall We Dance? (2004) Music
Troy (2004) Composed


texts:
 and Orchestrated (Music Rejected from Final Film)
Das Leben der Anderen (2006) Music
Azur and Asmar (2006) Music
Breaking and Entering (2006) Music (with Underworld)
1408 (2007) Music
Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky (2009) Original music
Amelia (2009) Original music
The Hedgehog (2009) Original music
The Tourist (2010) Original music - Score rejected; replaced by James Newton Howard. The movie does carry his track "Dance in F"
In the Land of Blood and Honey (2011) Original music
A Royal Affair (2012) Co-composed with Cyrille Aufort
Haute Cuisine (French original title: Les Saveurs du Palais)(2012) Original music
Belle du Seigneur (2012) Original Music
A Promise (2013)
The Prophet (2014) Original music
By the Sea (2015) Original music
Chocolat (2016)
It's Only the End of the World (2016)
The Promise (2016)
The Death and Life of John F. Donovan (2018)
Judy (2019)

Awards and nominations
Yared has been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score on three occasions. He won for The English Patient in 1996. He was also nominated for The Talented Mr. Ripley (1999) and Cold Mountain (2003), but lost to John Corigliano and Howard Shore, respectively.He has also received three Golden Globe and three BAFTA nominations for the same films, and won both awards for The English Patient. He has been nominated for two Grammy Awards, again winning for The English Patient. References

External links
Official website
Interview with <mask>, on "1408"

1949 births
Living people
Musicians from Beirut
French film score composers
French male film score composers
Lebanese film score composers
Saint Joseph University alumni
French music arrangers
French people of Lebanese descent
École Normale de Musique de Paris alumni
Golden Globe Award-winning musicians
Grammy Award winners
European Film Awards winners (people)
Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners
Best Original Music BAFTA Award winners
Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
Varèse Sarabande Records


texts:
General Sir <mask>,  (born 13 October 1954) is a former British Army officer who served as Commander Land Forces (formerly Commander-in-Chief, Land Forces) until December 2012. As a general officer, <mask> served in Northern Ireland as well as in Sierra Leone, Iraq and Afghanistan and in staff roles including governor of Edinburgh Castle, commandant of the Joint Services Command and Staff College and Commander of Regional Forces, a role that also gave him the duties of inspector-general of the Territorial Army. Between 2005 and 2006, <mask> served as deputy commanding general of Multi-National Force – Iraq, before appointment to General Officer Commanding, Northern Ireland, in which role he had the responsibility of overseeing the withdrawal of troops from the streets of Northern Ireland for the first time in over thirty years. While on holiday in 2009, <mask> and his wife received news that their son, Harry, a captain with The Rifles, had been seriously wounded in Afghanistan. Harry lost both legs as a result of a roadside bomb attack while leading his patrol. <mask> later gave interviews about the ordeal the family went through with Harry's injuries, calling the experience "foul". Later the same year, <mask> himself deployed to Afghanistan on a twelve-month tour, becoming the commander of the British forces in the country and deputy commander of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF), second in command to American General Stanley A. McChrystal.In June 2010, McChrystal was relieved of his command of ISAF by President Barack Obama, leaving <mask> as acting commander of ISAF for just over a week until General David Petraeus was confirmed as the new commander. Early and personal life
Born the son of Captain Herbert Blake <mask> and Diana Katherine Barnwell, <mask> was educated at the independent Sherborne School and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. <mask> has listed Coronation Street and fishing among his interests. Early career
<mask> was commissioned into the Royal Green Jackets as a second lieutenant in January 1974. He was promoted to full lieutenant

masks:
Nicholas Ralph Parker
Parker
Parker
Parker
Parker
Parker
Parker
Parker
Parker
Parker
Parker


texts:
 in November 1975, was Mentioned in Despatches in January 1980 for service in Northern Ireland the previous year, and promoted captain in May 1980. He attended the Army Staff Course in 1986 prior to promotion to major in October the same year. Promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1991, he was subsequently appointed commanding officer of the Second Battalion the Royal Green Jackets from 1994 to 1995 before promotion to colonel in 1996, having attended the Higher Command and Staff Course at the Staff College, Camberley.<mask> was promoted to brigadier in December 1997, with seniority from 30 June 1997 and given command of 20th Armoured Brigade, which deployed to Bosnia in 1999. High command
<mask> served as commander of the British task force in Sierra Leone and advisor to the country's president in 2001, and went on to become General Officer Commanding, 2nd Division in November 2002, being promoted to major-general on the same date. As General Officer Commanding 2nd Division, he was also Governor of Edinburgh Castle. In 2004 he served as commandant of the Joint Services Command and Staff College, before taking over as deputy commanding general of the Multi-National Corps – Iraq, holding the position from August 2005 to February 2006. <mask> was appointed General Officer Commanding Northern Ireland and promoted to the rank of lieutenant-general on 18 July 2006. In Northern Ireland he was responsible for reducing the UK's troop commitment in the Province and is quoted as saying "that the military had made a significant contribution to security in Northern Ireland that has allowed other people to make the difference through politics, social programmes and economics". <mask> oversaw the closure of the base at Bessbrook, County Armagh, which, he said, "signifies a time when the army stops being part of the security forces and moves into being part of the community."<mask> was awarded the American Legion of Merit "in recognition of gallant and distinguished services during coalition operations in Afghanistan" in 2007. In October 2007, he became Commander of Regional Forces at

masks: Parker Parker Parker Parker Parker


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 Land Command, a dual-hatted role as Inspector-General of the Territorial Army in which role he advocated for the TA and the regular Army to be regarded as a single organisation, pointing out that both face identical risks on deployment and saying "the TA soldier brings maturity and a wider understanding of the world – the end result, more so now than ever before, is the one Army and everyone should feel part of the same team". As Commander, Regional Forces, <mask> was responsible for overseeing the £3 billion overhaul of the Army's Royal Engineers' Royal School of Military Engineering in a public-private partnership in September 2008 as well as accepting the Freedom of the City of Bath on behalf of the Rifles in October 2008, and campaigning for the creation of an Armed Forces Day for the UK, a proposal that was implemented in July 2009. ISAF

In September 2009, it was announced that <mask> would succeed Royal Marine Lieutenant General Sir Jim Dutton as deputy commander of ISAF in Afghanistan. <mask> was serving in Afghanistan on Christmas Day 2009 and undertook a tour of British bases in the area to visit troops. On 23 June 2010, <mask> assumed temporary command of all 140,000 NATO troops in Afghanistan, following the departure of American General Stanley McChrystal. British Prime Minister David Cameron told U.S. President Barack Obama that <mask> had assured him that the operation would "not miss a beat" during the transition period.He held the role until 3 July, when General David Petraeus was confirmed as McChrystal's replacement. General
On 29 July 2010 <mask> was named as the next Commander-in-Chief, Land Forces in succession to General Sir Peter Wall. <mask> took over as Commander-in-Chief Land Forces on 1 October 2010 and was granted the substantive rank of general. For his service in Afghanistan, General <mask> was presented with his NATO ribbon by the overall allied commander in Afghanistan, US General David Petraeus, in addition to this Petraeus also presented General <mask> with a US Meritorious Service Medal; furthermore <mask> also received the Afghan

masks: Parker Parker Parker Parker Parker Parker Parker Parker Parker Parker


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 President's Award from its Minister of Defence. Under a major army command reorganisation effective 1 November 2011 <mask>'s role was re-designated Commander Land Forces. <mask>'s post as Commander Land Forces was assumed by Lieutenant General Adrian Bradshaw in January 2013. As of 2010, <mask> was Honorary Colonel of the Manchester and Salford Universities Officers' Training Corps and served as Colonel Commandant of 1st Battalion The Royal Green Jackets.When the Royal Green Jackets were merged with others in 2007 to form The Rifles, he became Colonel Commandant of the new regiment until replaced in 2013 by Lt-General <mask>. From 2008 <mask> was the President of the Peninsular War 200, the official UK organisation for the commemoration of the Peninsular War (1808–1814). <mask> was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2001 and appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the 2009 Birthday Honours. Family
In 1979 he married Rebecca Clare Wellings: they have two sons, one of whom, Harry, was seriously injured in July 2009 while serving as a captain with 4th Battalion The Rifles in Afghanistan. Harry lost both legs after the patrol he was commanding ran over a roadside bomb. <mask> later spoke about the aftermath of the incident, saying "it was pretty bad at that stage, they didn't know if Harry would survive or not. It helped being a soldier because all your training is about remaining as calm and calculating as you can in very difficult circumstances.But it was foul." References

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1954 births
Living people
Royal Green Jackets officers
British Army generals
British Army personnel of the Iraq War
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
British military personnel of the Sierra Leone Civil War
British Army personnel of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
People educated at Sherborne School
British military personnel of The Troubles (Northern Ireland)
Graduates of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley
Recipients of the Legion of

masks:
Parker
Parker
Parker
Nick Carter
Parker
Parker
Parker


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<mask> (: August 23, 1924 – January 29, 2005) was an Israeli author, dramatist, screenwriter, and Oscar-nominated film director. He was one of the most widely read contemporary satirists in the world. Biography
<mask> was born on August 23, 1924 by the name of Ferenc Hoffmann into a middle-class Jewish family in Budapest, Hungary. In his youth he knew neither Hebrew nor Yiddish. His father worked as a bank manager and his mother was a former secretary. Kishon also had a sister who was a writer. His writing talent became evident in his youth.In 1940 he won his first prize for writing a novel for high school students. Due to the racial laws applied in Hungary during World War II, he was not allowed to continue his studies at the university and therefore he began to study jewelry making in 1942. During World War II the Nazis imprisoned him in several concentration camps. At one camp his chess talent helped him survive, as he played chess with the guards. In another camp, the Germans lined up the inmates and shot every tenth person, but passed him by. He later wrote in his book The Scapegoat, "They made a mistake—they left one satirist alive". He eventually managed to escape the concentration camps while being transported to the Sobibor extermination camp in Nazi German Occupied Poland, and hid the remainder of the war disguised as "Stanko Andras", a Slovak laborer.After the war when he returned to Budapest he discovered that his parents and sister had survived, but many other family members had been murdered in the gas chambers at Auschwitz. In 1945, he changed his surname from Hoffmann to <mask> and returned to Hungary, where he continued to study art and writing. In 1948 he completed his studies in metal sculpturing and art history and began publishing humorous articles under the name Franz Kishunt. In 1949 he immigrated to the newly

masks:
Ephraim Kishon
Ephraim Kishon
Kishont


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 founded state of Israel, together with his first wife Eva (Chawa) Klamer, to escape the Communist regime. When arriving in Israel an immigration officer officially Hebraicized his name to "Ephraim <mask>". According to Kishon, the Jewish Agency clerk asked him for his name and when he answered "Ferenc" the clerk said: There is no such thing, and wrote "Ephraim", and afterwards he went ahead and Hebraicized his family name as well, Kishon being a river near Haifa, the Israeli city on  Mount Carmel. His first marriage to Eva (Chawa) Klamer in 1946 ended in divorce.In 1959, he married Sara (née Lipovitz), who died in 2002. In 2003, he married the Austrian writer Lisa Witasek. Kishon had three children: Raphael (b. 1957), Amir (b. 1963), and Renana (b. 1968). In 1981, Kishon established a second home in the rural Swiss canton of Appenzell after feeling unappreciated in Israel, but remained a staunch Zionist.<mask> died on January 29, 2005 at his home in Switzerland at the age of 80 following a cardiac arrest. His body was flown to Israel and he was buried at the Trumpeldor Cemetery in Tel Aviv. Being a popular Israeli writer, he still felt he was getting negative treatment from the Israeli media due to the fact he was rather right wing in his political views. Literary career
<mask> initially lived in the "Sha'ar Ha'Aliyah" transit camp near Haifa, and soon afterwards moved to Kibbutz Kfar Hahoresh, in which he worked as a nurse while learning the Hebrew language during his free time with the help of his neighbor Joseph Bilitzer. During this period he wrote several humorous lists for the Hungarian newspaper "Új Kelet". Afterwards <mask> moved to a housing project. He studied Hebrew at the Ulpan "Etzion" in Jerusalem, and soon became proficient in the language.Nevertheless, his heavy Hungarian accent accompanied him throughout his life.

masks: Kishon Kishon Kishon Kishon


texts: Mastering the Hebrew language with remarkable speed, in 1951 <mask> began writing a satirical column in the easy-Hebrew daily, Omer, after only two years in the country. Later on <mask> began writing for the newspaper "Davar" (which was very influential at the time) in which he published a satire called "The Blaumilch Canal". That same year he published his first book in Israel "Ha-ole Ha-Yored le-Chayenu"- "The Pestering Immigrant", (a pun on the Hebrew word for "Immigrant") which was written in Hungarian and translated into Hebrew by Avigdor Hameiri. The book was mostly about the life experiences of new immigrants in Israel during the 1950s. In 1952 <mask> began writing a regular satirical column called "Had Gadya" ("One Young Goat" in Aramaic, taken from the Passover Seder liturgy) in the daily Hebrew tabloid "Ma'ariv". <mask> kept writing the column for about 30 years, while in the first two decades he published a new column almost every day.Within a few years after launching his writing career in Israel <mask> became one of the most prominent humorists and satirists in the country. <mask>'s extraordinary linguistic inventiveness and flair for creating characters was carried over into his work for the theater. Collections of his humorous writings have appeared in Hebrew and in translation. Among the English translations are Look Back Mrs. Lot (1960), Noah's Ark, Tourist Class (1962), The Seasick Whale (1965), and two books on the Six-Day War and its aftermath, So Sorry We Won (1967), and Woe to the Victors (1969). Two collections of his plays have also appeared in Hebrew: Shemo Holekh Lefanav (1953) and Ma´arkhonim (1959). <mask>'s books have been translated into 37 languages and sold particularly well in  Germany.<mask> rejected the idea of universal guilt for the Holocaust. He said: “It gives me great satisfaction to see the

masks: Kishon Kishon Kishon Kishon Kishon Kishon Kishon Kishon


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 grandchildren of my executioners queuing up to buy my books.” Until his death in 1979, Friedrich Torberg translated his work into German. Thereafter <mask> did the German translations himself. Chess
Kishon was a lifelong chess enthusiast, and took an early interest in chess-playing computers. In 1990, German chess computer manufacturer Hegener & Glaser together with Fidelity produced the Kishon Chesster, a chess computer distinguished by the spoken comments it would make during a game. <mask> wrote the comments to be humorous, but were also carefully chosen to be relevant to chess and the position in the game. Published works

Books

 Ha-ole Ha-Yored le-Chayenu (1951)
 Thousand of Gadia and Gadia (1954)
 Ein Kamonim (1955)
 Do not worry (1957)
 Skeches (1959)
 It all depends (1958)
 Be-Echad Ha-Emeshim  (1961)
 He and She (1963)
 Somersaults (1964)
 Bone in the throat (1966)
 So sorry we won!(1967) (with illustrations by Dosh)
 Gomzim Gomzim (1969)
 For (1970)
 Oh, winners (1970)
 Department of Ephraim Kishon (1972)
 Wole in the screen (1973)
 Partachia my love (1974)
 My Family Right or Wrong (1977)
 Smile drought (1978)
 Family Book (1980–current)
 Jonathan voyage (1981) children books
 The cup is ours (1981) children books
 Uncles on the wires (1981) children books
 Unfinished adventure (1981) children books
 Gum with stripes (1981) children books
 Seven Comedies (1981)
 Satire book I (1981)
 Arbinkea (1991)
 Satire book II (1991)
 Satire book III (1992)
 58 Skeches (1995)
 Ants war (1995) children books
 Hercules and the seven midgets (1995) children books
 The Taming of the Shrew dog (1995) children books
 Hairy, hell (1998)
 state protocol (1999)
 The Redhead with the Key (2002) children books
 Book of Travels (2003)
 Partachia (2004)
 Picasso's Sweet Revenge (2004)

Plays

 His reputation precedes him (1953)
 Black on White

masks: Kishon Kishon


texts:
 (1957)
 Ha-Ketubbah (1959)
 No word to Morgenstein (1960)
 Take the plug out (1968)
 Oh, oh, Juliet (1972)
 Salah Shabati the musical  (1988)
 Open for renovation  (2004) not yet seen
 The Policeman (2009)

Kishon's sketches and plays have been performed, in translation, on stages and television networks worldwide. Films
Kishon expanded into cinema in the early 1960s. He wrote, directed and produced five feature films (all of them comedic /satirical movies). Three movies were nominated for major international awards (The Golden Globe award), two were nominated for the Oscar:
 Sallah Shabati (1964), nominated for Oscar for best foreign language film), Israeli comedy film about the chaos of Israeli immigration and resettlement. This social satire placed the director Ephraim Kishon among the first Israeli filmmakers to achieve international success. It also introduced actor Chaim Topol (Fiddler on the Roof) to audiences worldwide. Ervinka (1967), written and directed by Kishon.The film, starring Topol, is a comical tale of a con man who falls in love with a police officer. Blaumilch Canal, also known as The Big Dig (1969, nominated for Golden Globe 1971), an Israeli comedy which depicts the madness of bureaucracy through a municipality's reaction to the actions of a lunatic. Ha-Shoter Azoulay (literally, Constable Azoulay), also known as The Policeman (1971, nominated for Oscar for best foreign language film, awarded 1972 Golden Globe for best foreign language film). It won several other awards, such as best foreign film in the Barcelona film festival and best director in the Monte Carlo festival. In Israel it is considered a cinematic classic. The Fox in the Chicken Coop (1978), based on <mask>'s satirical book by the same name (Hebrew: Ha Shu'al B'Lool HaTarnegolot), features many prominent Israeli actors of the time, most notably


texts:
 Shaike Ophir and Seffy Rivlin. The film takes a satirical, comic look at the old generation of Israeli politicians.Awards
 In 1953, <mask> won the Nordau Prize for Literature;
 In 1958, he won the Sokolov Prize for Journalism;
 In 1964, he won the Kinor David Prize;
 In 1998, he was the co-recipient (jointly with Nurit Guvrin and Aryeh Sivan) of the Bialik Prize for literature;
 In 2002, he was awarded the Israel Prize for lifetime achievement & special contribution to society and the State of Israel. Upon receiving the prize, he remarked: "I've won the Israel Prize, even though I'm pro-Israel. It's almost like a state pardon. They usually give it to one of those liberals who love the Palestinians and hate the settlers." <mask> was nominated twice for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film and three times for a Golden Globe Award. He won two Golden Globe Best Foreign Language Film Awards, for Sallah Shabati (1964), and The Policeman (1971). See also
List of Bialik Prize recipients
List of Israel Prize recipients
Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film#1960s.References

External links

<mask> <mask> – Biography, Satires, Obituaries, Photos, Prizes
TimesOnline obituary

1924 births
2005 deaths
Hungarian Jews
Hungarian writers
Hungarian emigrants to Israel
Israel Prize for lifetime achievement & special contribution to society recipients
Israeli male dramatists and playwrights
Israeli expatriates in Switzerland
Israeli film directors
Israeli humorists
Israeli Jews
Israeli male screenwriters
Israeli people of Hungarian-Jewish descent
Israeli satirists
Jewish dramatists and playwrights
Jewish concentration camp survivors
Officers Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
20th-century Israeli dramatists and playwrights
Maariv (newspaper) people
20th-century screenwriters
Burials at Trumpeldor

masks: Kishon Kishon Ephraim Kishon


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<mask> ( ; born June 7, 1972) is an American politician who has served as the junior United States senator from New Mexico since 2021. He served as the U.S. representative for  from 2009 to 2021 and the assistant House Democratic leader (officially the "Assistant Speaker") from 2019 to 2021. He served as a member of the New Mexico Public Regulation Commission from 2005 to 2008, where he also served as chairman. <mask> was selected as chairman of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC) in 2014 and led the Democrats to win a House majority in the 2018 elections. He was the first Hispanic to serve in this role. In his role as assistant House Democratic leader, <mask> was the highest-ranking Latino in Congress. On April 1, 2019, <mask> announced his intention to seek the United States Senate seat being vacated by two-term Democratic incumbent Tom Udall in the 2020 election.He defeated Republican Mark Ronchetti in the general election on November 3, 2020, and took office on January 3, 2021. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born in Santa Fe, New Mexico, as the last child of Carmen (<mask>) and <mask>, and has two older sisters and an older brother. He was raised in Nambe, New Mexico. His father, <mask>, went into politics in 1970, when he was elected to the County Commission, and from 1975, <mask> was a longtime member of the New Mexico House of Representatives, serving as majority whip and Speaker of the House. After graduating from Pojoaque Valley High School, <mask> worked as a blackjack dealer at a Lake Tahoe casino and a Northern New Mexico tribal casino. After his stint as a dealer, he attended the University of New Mexico and later received a BBA degree from New Mexico Highlands University. Early career

Public Regulation Commission
Luján was elected to the New Mexico Public Regulation Commission in November 2004.He represented PRC district 3 which encompasses northeastern, north central and central New Mexico. His served as chairman of the PRC in 2005, 2006 and 2007. His term

masks:
Ben Ray Luján
Luján
Luján
Luján
Ben Ray
Luján
Ray
Ben Luján
Ben
Ben
Ben Ray


texts:
 on the PRC ended at the end of 2008. He helped to increase the Renewable Portfolio Standard in New Mexico that requires utilities to use 20 percent of their energy from renewable sources by 2020. Luján also required utilities to diversify their renewable use to include solar, wind and biomass. <mask> joined regulators in California, Oregon, and Washington to sign the Joint Action Framework on Climate Change to implement regional solutions to global warming. U.S. House of Representatives

Elections
2008

In 2008, Luján ran to succeed U.S. Representative Tom Udall in New Mexico's 3rd congressional district.Udall gave up the seat to make what would be a successful bid for the United States Senate. On June 3, 2008, <mask> won the Democratic primary, defeating five other candidates. His closest competitor, developer Don Wiviott, received 26 percent to <mask>'s 42 percent. <mask> faced Republican Dan East and independent Carol Miller in the general election and won with 57% of the vote to East's 30% and Miller's 13%. 2010

<mask> won reelection against Republican nominee Thomas E. Mullins with 56.99% of the vote. 2012

<mask> won reelection against Republican nominee Jefferson Byrd with 63.12% of the vote. 2014

<mask> won reelection against Byrd again, with 61.52% of the vote.2016

<mask> won reelection against Republican nominee Michael H. Romero with 62.42% of the vote. 2018

<mask> won reelection against Republican nominee Jerald Steve McFall with 63.4% of the vote. Tenure
<mask> has been a proponent of health care reform, including a public option. In October 2009, he gave a speech on the House floor calling for a public option to be included in the House health care bill. In June 2009, Luján voted for an amendment that would require the United States Secretary of Defense to present a plan including a complete exit strategy for Afghanistan by the end of the year. The amendment did not pass. In September 2009, <mask> wrote a letter urging the Obama administration not to increase the number of troops in

masks: Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján


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 Afghanistan.In his letter, he drew on conversations he had with General Stanley A. McChrystal and Afghan President Hamid Karzai. In 2011, <mask> was a co-sponsor of Bill , the Stop Online Piracy Act. Energy policy
According to his campaign website, <mask> has been active in environmental regulation. He chairs the Congressional Hispanic Caucus’ Green Economy and Renewable Energy Task Force. <mask> has initiated several pieces of legislation regarding renewable energy such as the SOLAR Act. He co-authored the Community College Energy Training Act of 2009. He also supports natural gas usage and the New Alternative Transportations to Give Americans Solutions Act of 2009.Luján has high ratings from interest groups such as Environment America and the Sierra Club. <mask> serves on the bipartisan Congressional PFAS Task Force. He has introduced legislation to provide relief to communities and businesses impacted by PFAS/PFOA contamination in groundwater around Air Force bases in New Mexico and across the country. In addition to supporting the Green New Deal, an economic stimulus package that aims to address climate change and economic inequality, <mask> has developed legislation to put the United States on a path to net zero carbon emission and address climate change. Education policy
<mask> has been supported by the National Education Association. He supported the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and student loan reform. He cosponsored the STEM Education Coordination Act in an effort to produce more scientists and innovators in the United States.<mask> has pressed the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to bridge the digital divide to expand opportunities for rural communities. In 2018, he joined FCC Commissioner Jessica Rosenworcel on a bus ride where students learned to code during their drive time. Native American issues
<mask> has supported increased funding for the Bureau of Indian Affairs and Indian Health Service. He opposed the Stop the War on Coal Act of 2012 and was in favor of preserving

masks: Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján


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 sacred Native American ground. Luján worked to create legislation enabling tribes to directly request disaster assistance from the president. <mask>'s district contains 15 separate Pueblo tribes as well as tribal lands of the Jicarilla Apache Nation and Navajo Nation. In February 2009, Luján introduced a series of five water accessibility bills that, along with improving access to water for the many communities in the district, would also give federal funds to Indian tribes.Along with Harry Teague (D-NM) and Ann Kirkpatrick (D-AZ), <mask> sponsored an amendment to the House health care bill that would extend the current Indian Health Care system until 2025. Tribal governments were major donors to his 2012 reelection campaign. <mask> has worked with the New Mexico Congressional Delegation to protect the greater Chaco Canyon region from oil and gas drilling and methane emissions. He participated in a Congressional Delegation visit to Chaco Canyon and Santa Fe, New Mexico, in May 2019, to study the effects of methane emissions on sacred sites. Committee assignments
Committee on Energy and Commerce
Subcommittee on Communications and Technology
Subcommittee on Health
Subcommittee on Digital Commerce and Consumer Protection
Select Committee on the Climate Crisis

Caucus memberships
Congressional Arts Caucus
Congressional Hispanic Caucus

U.S Senate

Elections

2020

On April 1, 2019, <mask> announced he was running to succeed retiring Senator Tom Udall in the 2020 election. On June 2, 2020, <mask> won the Democratic primary unopposed. He defeated Republican nominee Mark Ronchetti in the general election 51.7% to 45.6%.Tenure

117th Congress (2021–present)
<mask> was sworn into the Senate on January 3, 2021. He was accompanied by the outgoing Senator, Tom Udall. On January 6, 2021, he was participating in the certification of the 2021 United States Electoral College vote count when Trump supporters stormed the U.S. Capitol. He called the attack a "siege" and "a direct attack on our nation's democracy." In the

masks: Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján Luján


texts:
 wake of the attack, <mask> said he would vote to convict Trump "for inciting an insurrection." Energy
In February 2021, <mask> was one of seven Democratic U.S. Senators to join Republicans in blocking a ban of hydraulic fracturing, commonly known as fracking.Committee assignments

 Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition & Forestry
 Subcommittee on Rural Development and Energy
 Committee on the Budget
 Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation
 Subcommittee on Communications, Media, and Broadband (Chair)
 Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Data Security
 Subcommittee on Oceans, Fisheries, Climate Change and Manufacturing
 Subcommittee on Space and Science
 Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions
Subcommittee on Employment and Workplace Safety
Subcommittee on Primary Health and Retirement Security

 Committee on Indian Affairs

Personal life
<mask> is a Catholic. On January 27, 2022, <mask> was hospitalized in Santa Fe after feeling fatigued and dizzy. He was found to have had a stroke affecting his cerebellum and was transferred to the University of New Mexico Hospital for treatment, which included a decompressive craniectomy. A statement from his office said that "he is expected to make a full recovery". Electoral history

See also
 List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress

References

External links

<mask>. <mask> official U.S. Senate website
<mask><mask> for U.S. Senate

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1972 births
21st-century American politicians
American politicians of Mexican descent
Catholics from New Mexico
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Democratic Party United States senators
Hispanic and Latino American members of the United States Congress
Living people
<mask>.
Members of the United States House of Representatives from New Mexico
New Mexico Democrats
New Mexico Highlands University alumni
People from Nambé Pueblo, New Mexico
People from Santa Fe, New Mexico
United States senators from New

masks:
Luján
Luján
Luján
Luján
Ben R
Luján
Ben R
. Luján
Ben R


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<mask> (born January 7, 1956) is a retired American actor and producer, best known for his roles as Detective John Kelly on the ABC crime drama NYPD Blue and Lieutenant Horatio Caine on the CBS series CSI: Miami (2002-2012). He also appeared in the films An Officer and a Gentleman, First Blood (both 1982), Twins (1988), Kiss of Death (1995) and Proof of Life (2000). Early life
<mask> was born in Forest Hills, Queens, New York, the son of Joan, a librarian, and <mask>, a magazine and newspaper editor. He is of Irish and Italian descent. His father left the family when <mask> was two years old, forcing him to "end up fathering myself". Raised as a Catholic, Caruso attended Our Lady Queen of Martyrs Catholic School in Forest Hills. He later attended Archbishop Molloy High School in nearby Briarwood, graduating in 1974.Caruso worked as a cinema usher, where he would see up to 80 movies a week. He said that he and his co-workers would act out scenes from some of these movies while they were at the back of the theater. In this job he found his role models in Humphrey Bogart, James Cagney and Edward G. Robinson. He said:  "The ethics of certain actors certainly had a power over me. These guys taught me how to be what I consider the real scum of the earth." Career

1980s
<mask>'s first movie appearance was in the 1980 film Getting Wasted as Danny. He credits his role as Topper Daniels, "the cadet who nearly drowned", in An Officer and a Gentleman (1982) as what got him noticed.Caruso then spent most of the decade in supporting roles in films including First Blood (1982), Blue City (1986), China Girl (1987) and Twins (1988). On

masks:
David Stephen Caruso
David Caruso
Charles Caruso
David
Caruso


texts:
 television, Caruso had a recurring role as Tommy Mann, leader of the street gang The Shamrocks, in seven episodes of the NBC police drama series Hill Street Blues (1981–83). He portrayed U.S. Olympian James Brendan Connolly in the 1984 miniseries, The First Olympics: Athens 1896, and also appeared in two episodes of the series Crime Story. Caruso featured in the music video for the song "Voyage, voyage" by the French singer Desireless, released in 1986. 1990s
Caruso had supporting roles as police officers in the crime films King of New York (1990) and Mad Dog and Glory (1993). While filming 1991's Hudson Hawk, he employed method acting, refusing to talk to anyone on set because his character, Kit-Kat, was mute, having had his tongue bitten off. In 1993, Caruso landed his first major role as Detective John Kelly in the police procedural series NYPD Blue, for which he won a Golden Globe Award.TV Guide named him as one of the six new stars to watch in the 1993–1994 season. He made news by leaving the highly rated show the following year (only four episodes into the second season) after failing to obtain the raise he wanted. His decision to leave the series would later be listed in a 2010 issue of TV Guide as #6 on a list of TV's 10 biggest "blunders". He was unable to establish himself as a leading man in films. His appearances in the 1995 thrillers Kiss of Death and Jade were met with a negative reception from critics, with both films receiving mixed reviews and poor box-office takings, and Caruso was nominated for the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst New Star for these two roles. In 1997, Caruso returned to television as a New


texts:
 York City-based federal prosecutor in the short-lived CBS law drama series Michael Hayes, which aired for one season. 2000s
Caruso returned to film with a supporting role as Russell Crowe's mercenary associate in Proof of Life (2000).In 2001, he had a lead role in the cult psychological horror film Session 9, directed by Brad Anderson. Dave Kehr, writing in The New York Times, praises his performance, stating that "it is good to see <mask> back in action, with a little more technique and a little less ego." In 2002, Caruso returned to television in his first successful role since NYPD Blue, starring as police Lieutenant Horatio Caine in the CSI spin-off series CSI: Miami. He was the first actor in the franchise to appear as the same character on three of the four CSI programs. He was known for frequently using one-liners at the beginning of each episode. Many of these include him putting on his trademark sunglasses mid-sentence, then walking off-screen just as the main theme starts. On an episode of the Late Show with <mask>man that aired on March 8, 2007, actor and comedian Jim Carrey professed to being a fan of the show and went on to do an impersonation of Caruso, asking for an "intense close-up" from the camera, speaking in a raspy voice and putting on sunglasses.<mask> later said in an interview with CBS that he was impressed with the impersonation. In 2012, CSI: Miami was cancelled after 10 seasons due to a decline in ratings and the climbing cost of production. <mask> was the only actor to appear in all 232 episodes of the series. After the end of the show, Caruso quietly retired from acting to become involved in the

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David Caruso
David Letter
Caruso
Caruso


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 art business. Personal life
<mask> is founder of DavidCarusoTelevision.tv and LexiconDigital.tv, as well as co-owner of "Steam on Sunset", a clothing store in South Miami. <mask> has a daughter, Greta, with his second wife, actress Rachel Ticotin. He and former girlfriend Liza Marquez have two children together: a son Marquez and a daughter Paloma.In April 2009, Marquez filed papers against <mask> for fraud, breach of their settlement agreement and emotional distress. In March 2009, a woman was placed in custody in Tyrol, Austria, on charges of stalking <mask>. She had twice failed to appear in court to answer the charges before fleeing to Mexico; following her deportation from Mexico, Austrian officials took her into custody to await trial on the stalking charges. Awards and nominations
In 1994, Caruso won a Golden Globe Award for his John Kelly role on NYPD Blue for which he was also nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series. In 2001, he was nominated for the Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Supporting Actor – Suspense for his role as Dino in the film Proof of Life. Filmography

Film

Television

See also
 List of people from Queens

References

External links

 <mask> Bio at CBS - CSI: Miami

1956 births
Male actors from New York City
American male film actors
American businesspeople
American people of Irish descent
American people of Italian descent
American male television actors
Archbishop Molloy High School alumni
Best Drama Actor Golden Globe (television) winners
Living people
People from Forest Hills, Queens
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American

masks:
Caruso
Caruso
Caruso
Caruso
David Caruso