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<mask> (born December 5, 1944) is an American historian of science and Horning Professor in the Humanities emerita of the History Department at Oregon State University. She is known for her work on the relationships between scientific discovery and social and political phenomena. Early life and education

<mask> was born December 5, 1944, to <mask> and Mildred Mann of Nashville, Tennessee. She began her undergraduate studies as a chemistry major at Vanderbilt University, but became interested in history of science after taking a class from Robert Siegfried. In 1964 she left Vanderbilt to attend the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Wisconsin, where she completed her BA in Chemistry in 1965. She married Robert A<mask>, also a historian, on February 17, 1968. They traveled to France to do doctoral research in 1968: their trip coincided with revolutionary unrest and offered them opportunities to learn French cooking.<mask> <mask> completed a Ph.D. in History of Science at the University of Wisconsin in 1970, advised by Erwin N. Hiebert, whom Nye credits for his egalitarian support of women students. At the time, students studying the 19th and 20th century were also a minority in the field. <mask>'s generation of scholars is credited with creating a shift that embraces international perspectives and examines the interactions of politics and science. <mask> was awarded a National Science Foundation post-doc in the history of science in 1969. In 1970 she began teaching part-time at the University of Oklahoma, later moving to a tenure-track position. She was appointed Assistant Professor in 1975, Associate Professor in 1978, served as Acting Chair of the History of Science department in 1981, and became a Full Professor in 1985. In 1991 she was named George Lynn Cross Research Professor in the History of Science.She and her husband, also a faculty member, shared responsibility for caring for their daughter and frequently traveled to France for research. Their interests later broadened to include England and Germany, as <mask> studied the British physicist and Nobel laureate P.M.S. Blackett. In 1993, <mask>

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Joe Allen
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 was appointed chair of the History of Science Department at the University of Oklahoma. <mask> <mask> was active in the History of Science Society (HSS), serving as vice-president in 1987 and succeeding Bill Coleman as president from 1988-1989 when he became ill. She has also served as Second Vice-President of the Division of History of Science in the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science. She has held a number of visiting research appointments at institutions including the University of Pittsburgh, Rutgers University, the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, Churchill College at the University of Cambridge, the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin, and Harvard University. In 1994, <mask> and her husband were co-appointed as Thomas Hart and <mask> Horning Professors of the Humanities and Professors of History at Oregon State University.AT OSU she became interested in Linus Pauling, whose papers are held by the university, and whose career covers much of the 20th century. She worked as well on Hungarian-born physical chemist and philosopher Michael Polanyi  <mask> retired from Oregon State University in 2009. Research interests
The history of chemistry and physics since the eighteenth century in Western Europe, Great Britain and the United States
The social and cultural history of science, including laboratory science, university education, and the political activities of scientists
The philosophy of science, especially relations between theory and evidence
Studies of Michael Polanyi and P.M.S. Blackett

Awards and honors

 2017 Abraham Pais Prize for History of Physics Recipient from the American Physical Society
 2013 John and Martha Morris Prize for Outstanding Achievement in the History of Modern Chemistry, from the Society for the History of Alchemy and Chemistry
 2013 Roy G. Neville Prize in Bibliography or Biography from the Chemical Heritage Foundation for her book Michael Polanyi and His Generation: Origins of the Social Construction of Science
 2006 History of Science Society's George Sarton Medal for Lifetime Scholarly Achievement
 2005 Elected as

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 a Corresponding Member of the Académie Internationale d'Histoire des Sciences
 1999 Dexter Award for outstanding achievement in the history of chemistry of the American Chemical Society
 1998 Elected  as a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
 1993 Elected as a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

Publications (selections)

As author
 Molecular reality ; A perspective on the scientific work of Jean Perrin, London [usw. ]: MacDonald [usw. ], 1972
Science in the Provinces: Scientific Communities and Provincial Leadership in France, 1860-1930, University of California Press, 1986,
From chemical philosophy to theoretical chemistry : dynamics of matter and dynamics of disciplines, 1800 - 1950, Berkeley [u.a.] : Univ.of California Press, 1993
Before Big Science: The Pursuit of Modern Chemistry and Physics, 1800-1940, Harvard University Press, Reprint 1999,
Was Linus Pauling a Revolutionary Chemist? (Award Address - Dexter Award) in: Bull. Hist. Chem. 25 (2000), 73-82. Blackett. Physics, War, and Politics in the Twentieth Century, Harvard University Press, 2004 -  - about the English physicist Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett
Michael Polanyi and His Generation: Origins of the Social Construction of Science, The University of Chicago Press, 2011.As editor
The invention of physical science : intersections of mathematics, theology and natural philosophy since the seventeenth century ; essays in honor of Erwin N. Hiebert, Dordrecht [u.a.] : Kluwer, 1992
The Cambridge History of Science, Vol. 5: The Modern Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Cambridge University Press, 2002,

Personal life
<mask> <mask> lives in Oregon with her husband, historian of sexuality Robert A<mask>. They have one daughter, Lesley. References

External links
 <mask> <mask> Oral History Interview

1944 births
Living people
Oregon State University faculty
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni
Historians of science
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Institute for Advanced Study

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<mask>. (September 5, 1908 – July 15, 1965), was an American jurist and the 35th governor of Arkansas, elected as a Democrat for a single two-year term from 1953 to 1955. Biography
<mask> was born in Fort Worth, Texas, the son of a Rock Island Lines railroad conductor. He and his four older siblings grew up in El Reno and Enid, Oklahoma, where he graduated from high school in 1926. He graduated from Oklahoma State University, (then A&M College), in Stillwater in 1930. In 1932, <mask> moved to Fayetteville to attend the University of Arkansas Law School. He received his law degree in 1936. He moved to Jonesboro in northeastern Arkansas to establish a law practice.Political career
In 1936, he was appointed U.S. Commissioner for the Jonesboro division of the Eastern district and in 1940 he was named referee to the Workers' Compensation Commission by Governor Carl E. Bailey. In 1942, <mask> was elected chancellor and probate judge of the 12th Judicial District, which included Clay, Crittenden, Greene, Craighead, Mississippi, and Poinsett counties. During World War II, <mask> waived his judicial immunity, and applied for a commission in the United States Navy. He served for the last two years of World War II. <mask> was elected governor in 1952. He defeated the two-term incumbent Sidney Sanders McMath in the primary. He then overwhelmed the Republican candidate, Jefferson W. Speck, 342,292 (87.4 percent) to 49,292 (12.6 percent), who had also lost to McMath in the 1950 general election.Speck (1916–1993) was a planter and businessman from Frenchmans Bayou in Mississippi County in eastern Arkansas. At the time of his death, he was

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 living in Kerrville in the Texas Hill Country. In a post-election statement, Speck said that the GOP had done nothing to assist his two gubernatorial campaigns. He further alleged that the Arkansas GOP would "never fully develop and take its place in Arkansas politics under its present leadership.... The same tired old men—old in ideas, old in hopes—will still keep a death grip on southern Republicanism." (Little Rock Arkansas Democrat, November 5, 1952)

<mask>'s administration was responsible for establishing the Department of Finance and Administration and promoted industrial development. When <mask> ran for a second term, he was defeated in a runoff primary by Orval Eugene Faubus of Madison County.Faubus then defeated the Republican Pratt C. Remmel, the mayor of Little Rock, to win the first of his six terms as governor. In that race, former GOP nominee Jefferson Speck endorsed Faubus to protest the state party leadership. He was only the second governor in Arkansas history to have been denied a second term—the first was Tom Jefferson Terral, who was defeated in 1926. After the governorship, Republican U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed <mask>, a staunch anti-communist, to head the Subversive Activities Control Board, a position that continued under Democratic presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. In his scrapbook memoirs Down From the Hills, Faubus tells a story of having checked into a motel in El Reno, Oklahoma, in 1954, while he was en route on a family trip to Colorado, after having defeated <mask> in the runoff. The motel clerk told Faubus that the <mask>s were an "old-line Republican family"

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 in Oklahoma, but "some fellow beat him this last time." When <mask> ran for office, he sought the governorship as a Democrat at a time when Arkansas had virtually no Republican presence.<mask>'s Democratic label did not keep Eisenhower from naming him to the SACB. Later life, death, and legacy
In 1963, after a heart operation in Houston, Texas, <mask> was unable to devote full-time to his duties but went to his office in Washington, D.C., several times a week. He died in Washington on July 15, 1965. The first of two funeral services was held at his home in Washington. Then the body was transported to Little Rock to lie in state in the rotunda of the Arkansas State Capitol. Services were also held at the First Presbyterian Church of Jonesboro. Interment was at Oaklawn Cemetery in Jonesboro.<mask> was married to the former Margaret Frierson (1912–1990), originally of Jonesboro. They had two sons, Haskille <mask> (1940–2007) and <mask>, Jr., and a daughter, <mask>, then all of Washington, D.C.  Margaret and older son, Haskille <mask>, were living in Williamsburg, Virginia, at the time of their deaths. Governor Faubus and President Johnson were particularly magnanimous in their public statements of mourning on <mask>'s death. Faubus said that his former rival rendered "fine service". Johnson said that <mask> left "a rich legacy of accomplishment... I particularly want to extend my sympathy to his family and dear ones and to the countless citizens of Arkansas who have lost in his passing a distinguished leader and a native son whose devotion to constitutional principles and human dignity won him the confidence and admiration of

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 all who knew him." In 1964, he was named "Alumnus of the Year" from Arkansas graduates of OSU.<mask>'s papers were donated to the Archives and Special Collections of Arkansas State University. See also
List of governors of Arkansas
List of members of the American Legion

References

External links
 Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture entry: <mask> <mask>
 "<mask><mask>, Governor in '53–55, Dies in Washington", Arkansas Gazette, July 16, 1965
 "<mask> Left 'Rich Legacy', President Says", Arkansas Gazette, July 16, 1965
 "Rendered 'Fine Service', Says Faubus", Arkansas Gazette, July 16, 1965
 Orval Eugene Faubus, Down From the Hills (Little Rock, 1980)

1908 births
1965 deaths
Politicians from Fort Worth, Texas
American Presbyterians
Arkansas Democrats
Governors of Arkansas
People from El Reno, Oklahoma
Politicians from Enid, Oklahoma
Politicians from Jonesboro, Arkansas
United States Navy officers
United States Navy personnel of World War II
University of Arkansas School of Law alumni
Oklahoma State University alumni
Arkansas lawyers
Arkansas state court judges
American planters
Democratic Party state governors of the United States
20th-century American lawyers
20th-century American judges
Military personnel from

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Gerald E. "<mask><mask> (April 5, 1891 – July 23, 1930) was an American radio commentator in Detroit, Michigan. He successfully campaigned for the recall of Mayor Charles Bowles in the wake of corruption allegations. Prior to his death, <mask> had served as an investigator for Henry Ford, and as a special investigator for the United States government. Early life and career
<mask> was born and spent his youth in Detroit’s oldest neighborhood of Corktown. <mask> and his five siblings were raised by his mother, Anna “Annie” C<mask>, a stay-at-home mom and Michigan native, and his father, Jeremiah “<mask>, a moneyed landowner who emigrated from Canada to Michigan in 1884. As a popular young adult, <mask> was known for his good looks and his “playboy” attitude, wooing women through his musical compositions and frequent presence in local nightclubs. In 1915, at the age of 24, <mask> married Michigan native Jeanette Logan, who gave birth to their only daughter, Rosemary, in 1918.<mask> served as an investigator for Henry Ford, owner of Ford Motor Company, during the 1921 Newberry v. United States Supreme Court case, in which Ford legally challenged his defeat to Truman Newberry in the 1918 US Senate Election. Following his involvement in this case, <mask> continued to work as a government investigator on various legal cases, and occasionally channeled his investigative skills to aid his brother, George, in his legal work.<mask>’s lifelong passion for song composition, combined with his investigative background, led him to a career in broadcasting, where he would become one of the first media celebrities of the burgeoning new medium of radio in the 1920s. Radio career
In 1928, <mask> began hosting a 6 p.m. nightly commentary program on Detroit radio station WMBC. Since the imposition of Prohibition in Michigan in 1917, Detroit had become a mecca for criminal activity, with prostitution, gambling and illegal alcohol

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 production and consumption running rampant in the hands of mobsters, resulting in frequent gangland killings. Bootleggers operated extensively in Detroit, using nearby Windsor, Ontario as a conduit to funnel liquor illicitly into the US. Broadcasting from WMBC-AM studios on the top floor of the luxurious LaSalle Hotel, <mask> used his platform to enact a campaign against the rampant and rising crime in Detroit. <mask> voiced the fears and outrage of his Detroit audience, whom he called the "Common Herd," openly criticizing and accusing city government officials of incompetence and attacking those whom he believed to be at fault for Detroit's rising crime rates.<mask> also served as an advocate for his "Common Herd," lobbying for various social causes such as social welfare programs, old-age pensions and providing jobs for the unemployed. This advocacy earned him his status as "the voice of the people" amidst the beginnings of the Depression Era, when unemployment figures skyrocketed in Detroit. The success of <mask>'s radio career came at a price; although beloved by the masses, he was also subject to numerous threats for his uninhibited critique of illicit activities in Detroit. When implored to hire a bodyguard to protect him, <mask> reportedly dismissed the suggestion, stating, "I get twenty threats a day. There is always someone who says I'll be killed." Despite his joking, <mask> kept a room at the LaSalle Hotel for emergency scenarios, and allegedly refused to leave the hotel on multiple occasions out of fear for his safety. In the summer of 1930, <mask>'s programs increasingly focused on claims of corruption among various Detroit officials, specifically targeting then-Mayor Charles Bowles.Mayoral recall
The tension and violence that permeated throughout Detroit culminated in "Bloody July" in July of 1930, during which ten men were killed by gangsters in the span of two weeks. Just before the start of

masks: Buckley Buckley Buckley Buckley Buckley Buckley Buckley


texts: <mask>’s broadcast on the night of July 3rd, two Chicago-based dope peddlers, later identified as George Collins and William Cannon, were murdered just outside the LaSalle Hotel on Woodward Avenue. <mask> quickly gathered information regarding the double-homicide, and delivered detailed information to his audience on his broadcast that night. Infuriated by this murder, and the eight murders to follow, <mask> attacked the Detroit police department for its inability to quell this explosion of violence, and specifically targeted newly-elected Mayor Charles Bowles for his inadequate response to the crime wave. After two failed mayoral campaigns, Charles Bowles was elected Mayor of Detroit and took office in January of 1930.Using the Prohibition Era to his advantage, Bowles ran as the "dry candidate" in the elections, thus winning the support of Detroit Protestants. While promoting law and order on the campaign trail, Bowles seemed incapable of quelling the rampant crime that plagued the city. Frustrated by Bowles' inaction, police commissioner Harold Emmons raided multiple illegal gambling operations in May of 1930 while Bowles was out of town attending the Kentucky Derby.Bowles was outraged by this circumvention of his authority and fired Emmons, filling the position of police commissioner with his friend Thomas Wilcox. <mask>, mirroring the anger of the broader Detroit public, initiated a crusade against the perceived corruption of Bowles, which eventually led to a recall election. Accounts of <mask>'s position on the recall differ by source. Some sources claim that <mask>, despite his disdain for Mayor Bowles, actually opposed the recall, either because he considered it undemocratic or because he favored impeachment as a way to eliminate taxpayer expense. One account of the events claims that, despite his continuous anti-recall stance, <mask> mysteriously changed his position in his final broadcast before the recall


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 vote, suddenly strongly favoring Bowles' recall, to the confusion of his audience. Alternate accounts claim that <mask> vehemently supported and spearheaded the recall campaign and frequently took to the airwaves to encourage his listeners to fight for Bowles' recall. Some accounts claim that <mask> persisted in promoting the recall despite receiving a threatening phone call warning that he would be "taken for a long ride" if he did not cease his efforts.Other accounts claim that <mask> inexplicably altered his firm pro-recall stance in his final broadcast before the vote, reportedly cautioning his listeners, "Some of you have taken this recall business very seriously, and to you of that class we say, do not be so het up." Days before the recall vote, a fellow reporter and friend of <mask>'s, Riley Murray, received word that <mask> was in grave danger, although the source of the threat is still unknown. Murray implored <mask> to make a list of people who could potentially have motive to kill him. Murray hoped to secure this list in a locked box and to have <mask> broadcast its existence to dissuade his enemies from causing him harm. Murray's efforts were in vain; after considering Murray's proposition, <mask> allegedly stated, "I'll be alright." On July 21, 1930, the day of the recall vote, <mask> broadcast from City Hall to inform his "Common Herd" about the latest vote developments. At the end of the vote, <mask> announced that Mayor Bowles had been recalled by a vote of 120,863 in favor of his removal to 89,907 opposed.This event garnered wide publicity both within and outside of Detroit, as no mayor of a large city had ever been recalled before this point. After <mask>'s broadcast, his wife reportedly received an anonymous phone call during which she was warned, "Your husband won't be home tonight." Death
On the night of the successful recall, <mask> was approached by three men and shot eleven times in the

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 lobby of the LaSalle Hotel in Detroit, where WMBC's studios were located. Following a funeral mass at St. Gregory’s Catholic Church, <mask> was buried at Detroit’s Mount Olivet Cemetery. The funeral had 150,000 attendees. After his murder, Police Commissioner Wilcox alleged that <mask> was a known extortionist and racketeer who had likely been killed because of his underworld connections. In his attempt to tarnish <mask>'s reputation, Wilcox produced an affidavit stating that the slain radio commentator had been paid $4,000 in "protection money" by a bootlegger.The affidavit was soon dismissed as having been coerced. <mask>'s brother Paul, a former assistant prosecutor, claimed that the murder was orchestrated as revenge for the campaign against the mayor. In response, Michigan Gov. Fred W. Green directed the state police to investigate the murder separately from the Detroit Police Department. The investigation was taken to a grand jury by prosecutor (and future Governor) Harry Kelly. Trial
Historical documents provide several different iterations of the events that occurred that night, testimonies given, as well as suspects and their fates. As a result of the murder and inconclusive initial investigation, a Grand Jury of 23 people was constructed to investigate the murder of <mask>.Harry Toy served as prosecutor, with Harry Kelly second in command. Anthony Maiullo, Allen W. Kent, Nicholas Salowich, and Leroy W. Payne provided defense. The first person to be questioned was Mrs. Lucille Love, whose car blocked the street after the shots were fired. She claimed to have heard the shots, and exited the car and fled across the street in fright. The jury made note of the fact that she was being held as a witness for some time, making $25 a week, and that she was the daughter of a policeman. Other sources invoke the testimony of Gus Reno, who owned a taxi stand at the La Salle hotel. He identified Angelo Livecchi and

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 claimed he exited the hotel and gave other men the signal to enter just seconds before gunshots were heard.Livecchi was charged with first degree murder. Other suspects included Thomas Licavoli, Ted Pizzino, Mike Morgany, and Frank Cammarata. Thomas Licavoli was buried just 100 feet away from <mask>. Testimonies from Robert Jackson, the hotel’s night porter, and Fred Tara, a shady police informant, identified Pizzino, Bommarito, and Livecchi as the three men who killed <mask>. At one point, Tara refused cross examination and fought with news reporters, claiming that a photo of him would mean his death. Tara was held in contempt, and his testimony was stricken from the record. Upon resuming his testification later in the trial, the judge reinstated his earlier testimony.Other witness testimonies contradicted the accounts of Jackson and Tara- an auto salesman who had been in the lobby and claimed to have seen the killers testified that none of the three that were identified by Jackson and Tara were there. An electrician who was across the street testified that he had seen the murderers enter the building, and that none of the men on trial were the men he saw. William Adams, a bellboy who was also in the lobby, was not able to identify any of the men. W.S. Martin, a WMBC radio engineer who had disappeared after the murder, resurfaced a week before the trial and stated that he was willing to testify and that he would recognize the killers, but that they were not Pizzino, Bommarito, and Livecchi. Although henchmen belonging to Detroit mobster James "Blackie" Licavoli's gang were arrested, no convictions were secured for the killing. See also
 Detroit Partnership
List of journalists killed in the United States
 Censorship in the United States

References

Assassinated American journalists
Radio personalities from Detroit
People murdered in Michigan
1930 deaths
Deaths by firearm in Michigan
Journalists killed in the

masks: Buckley Buckley


texts: <mask> (born August 31, 1973) is a Canadian former ice hockey defenceman and current special assignment coach of the Anaheim Ducks. He played 18 seasons and over 1,000 games in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the New Jersey Devils and Anaheim Ducks. <mask> is a four-time Stanley Cup champion and played in five NHL All-Star Games. He won the James Norris Memorial Trophy in 2003–04 as the NHL's top defenceman and the Conn Smythe Trophy in 2007 as the most valuable player of the playoffs. In 2017, <mask> was named one of the 100 Greatest NHL Players in history. As a junior, <mask> was a member of a Kamloops Blazers team that won two Western Hockey League championships and was voted the most valuable player of the 1992 Memorial Cup, leading the Blazers to the Canadian Hockey League championship. The third overall selection at the 1991 NHL Entry Draft by New Jersey, <mask> played the majority of his professional career with the Devils before moving to Anaheim in 2005.Internationally, <mask> played with Team Canada on several occasions. He is a member of the Triple Gold Club, having won the Stanley Cup as well as a World Championship (2004) and Olympic gold medals (2002, 2010). <mask> also played for the Memorial Cup champions, and championship teams at the 1991 World Junior Championships and the 2004 World Cup of Hockey, making him and Corey Perry the only players in history to have ever won each of the six major North American and international competitions available to players. He was introduced in to the IIHF All-Time Canada Team in 2020. Regarded as one of the greatest defencemen in NHL history, <mask> has earned numerous

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Scott Niedermayer
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 accolades throughout his career. He was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 2012 and was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in November 2013. The New Jersey Devils, Anaheim Ducks, and Kamloops Blazers have all retired his uniform number.Early life
<mask> was born in Edmonton, Alberta, but spent the first three years of his life in Cassiar, British Columbia before his family settled in Cranbrook, British Columbia. His father, Bob, was a doctor in Cassiar and then Cranbrook, and his mother Carol was a teacher. He has a younger brother, Rob. <mask> and his brother were inseparable when they were younger and often played hockey together. While their father was often their team doctor, their mother taught them to skate. She enrolled them in figure skating to aid their skills development and taught power skating classes in Cranbrook in exchange for ice time for her sons. An offensive defenceman, <mask> led his Cranbrook midget team in scoring with 55 goals and 92 points in 1988–89.Playing career

<mask> played three seasons of junior hockey with the Kamloops Blazers of the Western Hockey League (WHL) between 1989 and 1992. He recorded 69 points in 64 games in his first season, 1989–90, and helped the Blazers win the President's Cup as WHL champions. The Blazers advanced to the 1990 Memorial Cup as the top ranked team in Canada, but disappointed in the tournament by losing all three games. <mask> earned several accolades in 1990–91. He scored 26 goals and 82 points in 57 games to earn a place on the Western Conference All-Star Team. Additionally, he was named the recipient of the Daryl K. (Doc) Seaman Trophy as the WHL's

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 scholastic player of the year and won the Canadian Hockey League Scholastic Player of the Year award. A top prospect for the 1991 NHL Entry Draft, <mask> was selected in the first round, third overall, by the New Jersey Devils.He began the 1991–92 season with New Jersey as the team wanted him to experience the NHL before being returned to Kamloops. After sitting out the Devils first five games, <mask> made his NHL debut on October 16, 1991, against the New York Rangers. He appeared in four games with the Devils, recording one assist, before he was sent back to junior. Though he appeared in only 35 games in the 1991–92 WHL season, <mask>'s 39 points were enough to earn him a second berth on the West All-Star Team. After losing in the Western Conference Final the previous season, the Blazers rebounded to win their second WHL championship in three years in 1992. <mask> tied for third place in playoff scoring with 23 points. At the 1992 Memorial Cup, he scored seven points in five games to lead the Blazers to the national championship.He was voted the recipient of the Stafford Smythe Memorial Trophy as the most valuable player of the Memorial Cup. New Jersey Devils
<mask> joined the Devils full-time in 1992–93. He scored his first NHL goal on November 8, 1992, against goaltender Brian Hayward in a 6–1 victory over the San Jose Sharks. Overall, <mask> appeared in 80 games, scoring 11 goals and 40 points and was named to the NHL All-Rookie Team on defence. <mask> improved to 48 points in 1993–94, and added 4 points in 20 playoff games as the Devils reached the Eastern Conference Final against the New York Rangers, a series they lost in

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texts: seven games. The Devils made another long playoff run in the lockout-shortened 1994–95 season, reaching the Stanley Cup Final for the first time in franchise history. <mask> scored 11 points in 20 playoff games, including a key goal in game two of the Final as the Devils won the Stanley Cup with a four-game sweep of the Detroit Red Wings.A 33-point season followed for <mask> in 1995–96, but the Devils became the first defending champion in 26 years to miss the playoffs. After a 35-point season in 1996–97, <mask>'s best statistical season in New Jersey came in 1997–98 with a 14-goal, 57-point campaign. He played in his first NHL All-Star Game, scoring a goal, and was named to the NHL's Second All-Star Team at the season's end. After finishing second in league scoring amongst defencemen, despite playing in New Jersey's stifling defensive system that suppresses offence, <mask> demanded a significant raise. He rejected an offer that would have paid him a base salary of $3.25 million and, unable to come to terms before the start of the 1998–99 season, began the year as a holdout. As the dispute dragged into the season, he joined the Utah Grizzlies of the International Hockey League (IHL). After missing the first month of the NHL season, <mask> and the Devils finally agreed to a multi-year contract, the terms of which were not released.He appeared in 71 games with the Devils that season, recording 46 points. Late in the 1999–2000 season, <mask> was involved in a violent incident with Peter Worell of the Florida Panthers. After being elbowed by Worell, <mask> responded by swinging his stick at his opponents head. Worell suffered a


texts: concussion and missed six games, while <mask> was suspended for ten games – nine in the regular season, and New Jersey's first playoff game. After returning from his ban, <mask>'s steady defensive contributions in the playoffs helped the Devils win their second Stanley Cup by defeating the Dallas Stars in six games in the 2000 Stanley Cup Final. While celebrating his day with the Cup, <mask> took the trophy to Fisher Peak, overlooking his hometown of Cranbrook and was famously pictured hoisting it over his head. The expiration of his contract following the season resulted in another lengthy dispute with the Devils.While he wanted a contract similar to the $5.3 million per season average the top ten paid defencemen in the league made, the Devils offered a deal with a base salary of $3.5 million. He was again a holdout at the start of the 2000–01 season, and missed nearly two months of play before finally agreeing to a four-year, $16 million contract. <mask> recorded 35 points in 57 games and played in his second All-Star Game. Late in game four of New Jersey's first round playoff series against the Toronto Maple Leafs, <mask> was knocked unconscious by a vicious elbow from Toronto's Tie Domi. <mask> later claimed that Domi had threatened to retaliate against him over a previous hit earlier in the series. Domi apologized for the incident, calling it a "stupid reaction", but was suspended for the remainder of the 2001 Stanley Cup playoffs. New Jersey reached the 2001 Stanley Cup Final, but lost the series to the Colorado Avalanche in seven games.<mask> missed several games early in the 2001–02 season due to back pain, and his 33 points


texts: on the season was his lowest in six seasons. <mask> and the Devils reached their fourth Stanley Cup Final in 2002–03. The series was a family affair, as <mask>'s brother Rob was a member of the opposing Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. When asked, their mother admitted she was hoping Rob's Mighty Ducks would win as <mask> already had two championships to his name. <mask> dashed his brother and mother's hopes, recording two assists in the deciding seventh game to lead the Devils to a 3–0 victory, and win his third Stanley Cup. <mask> cemented his reputation as an elite NHL defenceman in 2003–04, earning praise from both teammates and opponents for his play throughout the season. Injuries to fellow defencemen <mask> and Brian Rafalski resulted in <mask> averaging over 25 minutes of ice time per game, sometimes topping 30, and he temporarily inherited the Devils' captaincy from Stevens.Offensively, <mask> posted his second career 50-point season, finishing with 14 goals and 40 assists. He played in his third All-Star Game and was named a First Team All-Star for the first time. After finishing second in league scoring amongst defencemen, recording a plus-minus rating of +20 and leading the Devils to a modern NHL record low 164 goals against, <mask> was voted the winner of the James Norris Memorial Trophy as the league's top defenceman. Upon the expiration of his previous contract, <mask> was again a restricted free agent, and he again endured a difficult negotiation with the Devils, even after he changed agents. Initially demanding a five-year, $45 million contract, <mask> chose to go to arbitration. He was awarded a one-year contract for the

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Scott Stevens
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Niedermayer
Niedermayer


texts:
 2004–05 season, and the $7 million salary he was given tied John LeClair's award in 2000 as the highest ever given in arbitration. However, the contract was wiped out when the entire season was cancelled as a result of the 2004–05 NHL lockout.Anaheim Ducks

As an unrestricted free agent in the summer of 2005, Niedermayer was in considerable demand; 14 teams contacted his agent on the first day they were allowed to talk to him. The Devils offered him a five-year contract that would have paid him $7.8 million per season, the maximum allowed under the new salary cap, but <mask> chose instead to sign a four-year contract worth $6.75 million per season with the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. He chose to take the shorter term and lower salary to play and try to win a Stanley Cup with his brother. The Ducks immediately named <mask> the team's captain. In his first season in Anaheim, 2005–06, <mask> scored 63 points and was named a First Team All-Star for the second time. In the playoffs, the Ducks reached the Western Conference Final, but were eliminated by the Edmonton Oilers. Joined on Anaheim's blueline by Chris Pronger, <mask> helped the Ducks set franchise records in 2006–07 for most wins (48) and points (110).Both were named finalists for the Norris Trophy, but lost to Detroit's Nicklas Lidström. Individually, <mask> played his 1,000th career game, against the Edmonton Oilers on November 28, 2006. He set career highs of 15 goals, 54 assists and 69 points during the regular season and was named a First Team All-Star. He added 11 points in the 2007 Stanley Cup playoffs, and was named recipient of the Conn Smythe Memorial Trophy as the most

masks: Niedermayer Scott Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer


texts:
 valuable player of the post-season after leading Anaheim to the franchise's first championship in a five-game series victory over the Ottawa Senators in the final. As team captain, <mask> was the first player given the chance to hoist the Stanley Cup. He passed the trophy to his brother; it was Rob's first championship victory. Of the moment, <mask> stated: "You don't really dream of passing it to your brother.I never have. To be able to do that is definitely a highlight of my career." Coming off his fourth championship, the 34-year-old <mask> contemplated retirement. Remaining undecided on his future as the 2007–08 season began, he failed to report to the team and was suspended by the Ducks as a formality. Pronger replaced him as captain, and <mask> remained undecided until early December when he finally chose to return. He appeared in only 48 games that season, scoring 25 points, but played in his fourth All-Star Game. After the Ducks were eliminated in the first round of the 2008 playoffs, he again contemplated retirement, but quickly made the decision to return for the 2008–09 season.He regained captaincy of the Ducks, and played in his fifth All-Star Game during the season in which he scored 59 points in 82 games. In what proved to be his final season, 2009–10, <mask> scored 48 points in 80 games. He announced his retirement as a player on June 22, 2010, but remained with the Ducks organization as a consultant to general manager Bob Murray. He turned to coaching in 2012–13 season, serving as a special assignment coach with the Ducks. International play
<mask> enjoyed a long and successful international career, winning

masks: Niedermayer Scott Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer


texts: championships at all levels. He made his international debut as a 17-year-old with the Canadian junior team at the 1991 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. He appeared in three games as Team Canada used a late goal by John Slaney in the final game of the tournament, against the Soviet Union, to win the gold medal.He returned for the 1992 tournament, one which The Sports Network described as one of the most disappointing in Canadian history, as the team finished sixth in the eight team event. Four years later, in 1996, <mask> first joined the senior team at the inaugural World Cup of Hockey. He had a goal and three assists in eight games, but Canada lost the championship final to the United States. <mask> next made his Olympic debut in 2002. He appeared in six games, and helped Canada defeat the United States, 5–2 in the final as the country won its first Olympic gold medal in hockey in 50 years. Gold medal victories followed in 2004 as <mask> scored five points in nine games at the World Championship then added two points in six games at the World Cup of Hockey. In the latter event, <mask> scored a goal in the championship game, a 3–2 victory over Finland.He was set to make his second Olympic appearance in 2006, however a knee injury suffered during NHL play that required surgery forced him to withdraw from the tournament. <mask>'s final international competition came at the 2010 Olympics, four months before his retirement as a player. He was named captain of the team for the tournament that was held in his home province, in Vancouver. He led Canada to the gold medal, culminating in a 3–2 overtime win over the United States.

masks: Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer


texts:
 Playing style

An offensively-minded defenceman, <mask> was best known for his skating ability and drew comparison's to the game's offensive greats from the time he broke into the NHL. He was compared to Paul Coffey for his ability to take the puck from his own goal line and convert a defensive situation into an offensive rush. He often chafed at playing within the Devils' defence-oriented system, feeling it restricted his offensive creativity, but also admitted that he learned to place greater emphasis on his defence and develop his overall game.<mask> earned a reputation for inconsistency early in his career. He often played his best games against top opposition, but his failure to consistently apply his skills against all opposition occasionally frustrated his teammates and left his coaches lamenting that he was a player capable of being dominant but often was not. By the end of his career however, and following his Norris Trophy win in 2004, <mask> was regarded as one of the top offensive defencemen of his generation and as one of the game's greatest winners. <mask> and former Ducks teammate Corey Perry are the only players in hockey history to win every major contemporary North American and International Competitive titles: the Memorial Cup, World Junior championship, Stanley Cup, World Championship, World Cup and Olympic Games. <mask> has been honoured on several occasions. The New Jersey Devils retired his jersey number 27 in 2011, and the Kamloops Blazers retired the number 28 he wore in junior in 2013. He has been inducted into the BC Hockey Hall of Fame and Canada's Sports Hall of Fame.<mask> was elected to the Hockey Hall

masks: Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer Niedermayer


texts:
 of Fame as part of its 2013 class, and was inducted on November 11, 2013. Personal life
<mask> and his wife Lisa have four sons. The family resides in Penticton, British Columbia, but often returns to Cranbrook, where they spent the off-seasons while he was playing. <mask> and Lisa are active in the community. They serve as honorary co-chairs of the Walk for Kids, a charity event that supports the Ronald McDonald House of Orange County, while <mask> and his brother Rob operate a hockey school in Cranbrook and established a fund that offers grants to community associations. An active environmentalist, <mask> has also joined with WWF-Canada to speak out in favour of efforts to maintain British Columbia's natural wilderness. Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

Awards and honours

See also
List of family relations in the NHL

References
Statistics:

External links

Note: <mask> served as the Devils captain for the latter half of the 2003–04 NHL season.<mask> was injured and out of the lineup during that time. 1973 births
Living people
Anaheim Ducks coaches
Anaheim Ducks players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Sportspeople from Cranbrook, British Columbia
Sportspeople from Edmonton
Ice hockey players at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Ice hockey players at the 2010 Winter Olympics
James Norris Memorial Trophy winners
Kamloops Blazers players
Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Memorial Cup winners
Mighty Ducks of Anaheim players
Anaheim Ducks captains
National Hockey League All-Stars
National Hockey League first round draft picks
National

masks:
Niedermayer
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott Niedermayer
Scott Stevens


texts:
 Hockey League players with retired numbers
New Jersey Devils draft picks
New Jersey Devils players
Olympic gold medalists for Canada
Olympic ice hockey players of Canada
Olympic medalists in ice hockey
Stanley Cup champions
Triple Gold Club
Utah Grizzlies (IHL) players
Ice hockey people from British Columbia
Ice hockey people from Alberta
IIHF Hall of Fame inductees
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in the United States
Canadian ice hockey


texts:
<mask>v (born 1956 SR Macedonia, SFR Yugoslavia) is a sculptor and environmental installations artist, who lives in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Education and career

He graduated at the Belgrade Art Academy with an M.A. <mask>v has participated in eighteen one-man exhibitions and in more than 100 group exhibitions in many countries, including the Venice Biennale, in Italy. Artist style
He creates site-specific works, paintings and drawings, religious and eco-art with organic materials. From the beginning of his career, Stefanov treated sculpture as an object or an installation of objects situated in space. In 1988, narrative aspects of his work shifted from mythology to religion. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, he produced a series of objects and installations, in the form of angels' wings and discs, executed in straw and boards or tree trunks and branches.

masks:
Gligor Stefano
Gligor Stefano


texts:
<mask> (born 10 May 1967) is a Welsh journalist, author, and filmmaker whose works include Them: Adventures with Extremists (2001), The Men Who Stare at Goats (2004), and The Psychopath Test (2011). He has been described as a gonzo journalist, becoming a faux-naïf character in his stories. He produces informal but sceptical investigations of controversial fringe politics and science. He has published nine books and his work has appeared in publications such as The Guardian, City Life and Time Out. He has made several BBC Television documentary films and two documentary series for Channel 4. Early life
<mask> was born in Cardiff on 10 May 1967. He attended Cardiff High School and later worked for CBC Radio (since renamed Capital South Wales) in Cardiff before moving to London to study for a media degree at the Polytechnic of Central London (since renamed the University of Westminster).Career

Writing

<mask>'s first book, Clubbed Class (1994), is a travelogue in which he bluffs his way into a jet set lifestyle, in search of the world's finest holiday. His second book, Them: Adventures with Extremists (2001), chronicles his experiences with people labelled as extremists. Subjects in the book include David Icke, Randy Weaver, Omar Bakri Muhammad, Ian Paisley, <mask>, and Thom Robb. <mask> also follows independent investigators of secretive groups such as the Bilderberg Group. The narrative tells of <mask>'s attempts to infiltrate the "shadowy cabal" fabled, by these conspiracy theorists, to rule the world. The book was described by Louis Theroux as a "funny and compulsively readable picaresque adventure through a paranoid shadow

masks:
Jon Ronson
Ronson
Ronson
Alex Jones
Ronson
Ronson


texts: world." Variety magazine announced in September 2005 that Them was purchased by Universal Pictures for a feature film.<mask> contributed the memoir A Fantastic Life to the Picador anthology Truth or Dare, in 2004. <mask>'s third book, The Men Who Stare at Goats (2004), deals with the secret New Age unit within the United States Army called the First Earth Battalion. <mask> investigates people such as Major General Albert Stubblebine III, former head of intelligence, who believe that people can walk through walls with the right mental preparation, and that goats can be killed simply by staring at them. Much was based on the ideas of Lt. Col. Jim Channon, ret., who wrote the First Earth Battalion Operations Manual in 1979, inspired by the emerging Human Potential Movement of California. The book suggests that these New Age military ideas mutated over the decades to influence interrogation techniques at Guantanamo Bay. An eponymous film of the book was released in 2009, in which <mask>'s investigations were fictionalised and structured around a journey to Iraq. <mask> is played by the actor Ewan McGregor in the film.<mask>'s fourth book, Out of the Ordinary: True Tales of Everyday Craziness (2006; Picador and Guardian Books) is a collection of his Guardian articles, mostly those concerning his domestic life. A companion volume was What I Do: More True Tales of Everyday Craziness (2007). The Psychopath Test: A Journey Through the Madness Industry (2011) is <mask>'s fifth book. In it, he explores the nature of psychopathic behaviour, learning how to apply the Hare Psychopathy Checklist, and investigating its reliability. He

masks: Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson


texts:
 interviews people in facilities for the criminally insane as well as potential psychopaths in corporate boardrooms. The book's findings have been rejected by The Society for the Scientific Study of Psychopathy and by Robert D. Hare, creator of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist. Hare described the book as "frivolous, shallow, and professionally disconcerting".Lost at Sea: The <mask> Mysteries (2012) is <mask>'s sixth book and is a collection of previously published articles by him. <mask>'s book So You've Been Publicly Shamed (2015) concerns the effects of public humiliation in the internet age. Radio
Ronson's main radio work is the production and presentation of a BBC Radio 4 programme, <mask> on... The program has been nominated for a Sony award four times. In August 2008, Radio 4 aired "Robbie Williams and <mask>son Journey to the Other Side", a documentary by <mask> about pop star Williams' fascination with UFOs and the paranormal. In the early 1990s, <mask> was offered the position of sidekick on Terry Christian's Show on Manchester radio station KFM. <mask> also co-presented a KFM show with Craig Cash, who went on to write and perform in The Royle Family and Early Doors.<mask> contributes to Public Radio International in the United States, particularly the program This American Life. , he has contributed segments to 13 episodes including "Them" (#201), "Naming Names" (#211), "Family Physics" (#214), "Habeas Schmabeas" (#310), "It's Never Over" (#314), "The Spokesman" (#338), "Pro Se" (#385), "First Contact" (#411), "The Psychopath Test" (#436), "Secret Identity" (#506), "Tarred and Feathered" (#522), "To Be Real" (#620),

masks:
Jon Ronson
Ronson
Ronson
Jon Ronson
Jon Ron
Jon Ronson
Ronson
Ronson
Ronson


texts:
 "Beware the Jabberwock" (#670). <mask> hosted and wrote the podcast The Butterfly Effect, which was released in November 2017 by Audible and was made subsequently available on other podcasting platforms. The show focuses on internet pornography, and Fabian Thylmann and PornHub's effect on the industry. <mask> subsequently also hosted and wrote the podcast The Last Days of August, released in January 2019. It focuses on the 2017 death of pornographic actress August Ames. <mask> returned to the BBC in 2021 with Things Fell Apart: a podcast on the Culture Wars for BBC Sounds in a similar format to his previous efforts for Amazon.Music
In the late 1980s, <mask> replaced Mark Radcliffe as the keyboard player for the Frank Sidebottom band for a number of performances. <mask> was the manager of the Manchester indie band Man From Delmonte. Television
<mask> presented the late nineties talk show For the Love of..., in which each week he would interview a gathering of guests and experts on different phenomena and conspiracy theories. <mask> has also appeared as a guest on various shows, including Alan Davies: As Yet Untitled. Films
<mask> sold the film rights to The Men Who Stare at Goats, and subsequently a film of the same name was released in 2009 as a comedy war film directed by Grant Heslov and written by Peter Straughan. According to <mask>'s DVD-commentary, the journalist-character Bob Wilton (Ewan McGregor) did experience some elements of <mask>'s self-recounted story from the book. However, unlike <mask>, Wilton was an American from Ann Arbor.Also, unlike <mask>, Wilton went to Iraq. In the process of visiting the set during

masks: Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson Ronson


texts:
 the shoot, <mask> began a collaborative writing project with Straughan. This was the screenplay for Frank, a fictitious feature film inspired by <mask>'s time in Frank Sidebottom's band. <mask> co-wrote, with Bong Joon-ho, the screenplay for the 2017 Netflix film Okja. Personal life
<mask> and his wife Elaine have one son. <mask> is Jewish and calls himself a "distinguished supporter" of Humanists UK. He is a fan of the football team Arsenal FC and has spoken of his "adoration" of the club.Works

Books
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Date first published !! Title !! Reverend Death (2008) Channel 4, about George Exoo, an advocate of euthanasia. Stanley Kubrick's Boxes (2008)
 Revelations (2009)
 Escape and Control (2011)
 Frank (2014)
 Okja (2017)
 Comrade Detective (2017) as Himself

 References

 External links

 Picador UK publisher's author page
 <mask> On... radio programme
 Ronson's Column Archive, The Guardian

 In Depth interview with <mask>, 3 May 2015. Interviews
 My friend the extremist: Omar Bakri, This American Life, 7 December 2001
 Interview, Joanna Smith Rakoff, Salon.com, 14 March 2002
 Interview, Andrew Lawless, threemonkeysonline.com, February 2005
 Interview, rinf.com, February 2005
 Biographical Interview, Anthony Brockway, ntlworld.com, May 2005
 Video interview, Robert Llewellyn on Carpool, blip.tv <mask> audio interviews (2005–2009), littleatoms.com''

1967 births
Living people
20th-century Welsh writers
21st-century Welsh writers
Alumni of the University of Westminster
British documentary filmmakers
The Guardian journalists
Journalists from Cardiff
Welsh humanists
Welsh Jews
Welsh journalists
Welsh

masks:
Ronson
Ronson
Ronson
Ronson
Ronson
Jon Ronson
Ronson
Jon Ronson


texts:
<mask> (March 9, 1915 – July 10, 2000), was a Puerto Rican poet, critic, and essayist who in 1977 was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature. His books were rooted in three major literary movements in Latin America: Romanticism, Modernism, and Postmodernism. <mask> was also a Secretary General of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party and a Puerto Rican patriot. In 1950 he was imprisoned for having a Puerto Rican flag in his home, and for speaking on behalf of Puerto Rico's independence. Early years
<mask> was one of nine siblings born and raised on the family farm in the town of Lares, a town which is historically known for El Grito de Lares, Puerto Rico's first rebellion for independence. His mother died in 1930 when he was 15 years old. The death of his mother compelled him to write his first collection of poems, titled Signario de Lágrimas, which was published in 1931.<mask> <mask> received his primary and secondary education in his hometown. In high school he dedicated most of his time to reading classical literature. It was during his youth that he met Pedro Albizu Campos and became inspired to join the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party in its struggle for Puerto Rico's independence. In 1933, <mask> <mask> met fourteen-year-old Lolita Lebrón, during the celebration of her baptism into the Catholic faith. Soon, <mask> <mask> became Lebron's first boy friend and they would often write letters to each other where they exchanged the poetry that they wrote. <mask> Paolí's family opposed their relationship because they considered Lebrón a jíbara (peasant). Her father also opposed

masks:
Francisco Matos Paoli
Paoli
Matos Paoli
Matos
Paoli
Matos
Paoli
Matos
Paoli
Matos


texts:
 this relationship and ordered her to stop writing to <mask>.However, they both continued to write to each other until he moved to San Juan to continue his education. <mask> <mask> enrolled at the Polytechnical School of the University of Puerto Rico and earned his bachelor's degree in education with a major in Spanish. Lebrón, who became a nationalist herself and led the 1954 attack against the United States House of Representatives, moved to San Juan, where she studied sewing and continued her romantic relationship with <mask> <mask>. The relationship ended when  <mask> <mask> continued his postgraduate studies in the UPR and moved to Paris, France, for a year to study comparative literature at the Sorbonne. In 1937, he published his second collection of poems titled Cardo Labriego. During this time he met Isabel Freire Meléndez, a fellow independence advocate who in 1942 became his wife. After he earned his master's degree in Spanish literature, he returned to Puerto Rico and in 1943 began a professorship in the Humanities Department of his alma mater, the University of Puerto Rico.He also became involved in spiritualism and founded a spiritualist center called Luz y Progreso (Light and Progress). Nationalist and poet
<mask>'s political activities and beliefs influenced his literary work. On May 21, 1948, a bill was introduced before the Puerto Rican Senate which would restrain the rights of the independence and nationalist movements on the archipelago. The Senate, which at the time was controlled by the Partido Popular Democrático (PPD) and presided by Luis Muñoz Marín,

masks: Paoli Matos Paoli Matos Paoli Matos Paoli Paoli


texts: approved the bill. This bill, which resembled the anti-communist Smith Act passed in the United States in 1940, became known as the Ley de la Mordaza (Gag Law, technically "Law 53 of 1948") when the U.S.-appointed governor of Puerto Rico, Jesús T. Piñero, signed it into law on June 10, 1948. Under this new law it became a crime to print, publish, sell, or exhibit any material intended to paralyze or destroy the insular government; or to organize any society, group or assembly of people with a similar destructive intent. It made it illegal to sing a patriotic song, and reinforced the 1898 law that had made it illegal to display the Flag of Puerto Rico, with anyone found guilty of disobeying the law in any way being subject to a sentence of up to ten years imprisonment, a fine of up to US$10,000 (), or both, for each offence.According to Dr. Leopoldo Figueroa, a non-PPD member of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives, the law was repressive and was in violation of the First Amendment of the US Constitution which guarantees Freedom of Speech. He pointed out that the law as such was a violation of the civil rights of the people of Puerto Rico. In 1949, the Nationalist Party held an assembly in the town of Arecibo and named <mask> Secretary General of the party. Some of his duties as Secretary General of the party included the presentation of patriotic speeches. Due to the Gag Law, these duties placed <mask> on a collision course with the U.S. government. In September 1950, <mask> traveled to the towns of Cabo Rojo, Santurce, Guánica and Lares, where he participated in Nationalist

masks: Paoli Paoli Paoli


texts:
 activities. On October 30, the Nationalists staged uprisings in the towns of Ponce, Mayagüez, Naranjito, Arecibo, Utuado (Utuado Uprising), San Juan (San Juan Nationalist revolt), and Jayuya (Jayuya Uprising).On November 2, 1950, the police arrived at <mask>'s home in Río Piedras and searched for guns and explosives. The only thing they found was a Puerto Rican flag but, due to the Gag Law, this enabled them to arrest and accuse <mask> of treason against the United States. The evidence used against him was the Puerto Rican flag in his home, and four speeches he'd made in favor of Puerto Rican independence. On the basis of this "evidence" <mask> was fired from his professorship at the University of Puerto Rico, and sentenced to a twenty-year prison term, which was later reduced to ten years. In jail, he shared his cell with Pedro Albizu Campos. Campos suffered from ulcerations on his legs and body caused by radiation, and Paoli tended to his needs. Political prisoner
While in prison, <mask> edited a newspaper which included news of political prisoners, poems, patriotic songs and drawings.During his confinement he suffered from hallucinations which resulted in a mental breakdown and he was sent to a Psychiatric hospital. After his recovery, he wrote Canto a Puerto Rico (I Sing to Puerto Rico), and resumed his involvement with spiritual mysticism and Christianity. In 1951, he published a collection of poems in a book which he titled Luz de los Héroes (The Light of Heroes), which spoke about the Puerto Rican independence movement. <mask>'s poetry also covered other aspects of human

masks: Paoli Paoli Paoli Paoli Paoli


texts:
 existence such as religion, mystic and spiritual experiences, love, death, solitude, social justice, suffering, freedom, the landscape, and his fellow Puerto Ricans. <mask> was released on probation on January 16, 1952. Nationalists attack the U.S. House of Representatives

On March 1, 1954 Lolita Lebrón, together with three other members of the Nationalist Party, entered the visitor's gallery above the chamber in the House of Representatives in Washington, D.C. Lebron stood up and shouted "¡Viva Puerto Rico Libre!" ("Long Live a Free Puerto Rico!")and unfurled the flag of Puerto Rico. Subsequently, the group opened fire with semi-automatic pistols. The U.S. government ordered the wholesale arrest of Nationalist Party members including <mask>, who was not involved in the incident. Upon his incarceration in Rio Piedras prison without any visitor's privileges, <mask> initiated a hunger strike. On May 26, 1955, after ten months in jail and in poor health, <mask> was finally pardoned by Puerto Rican Governor Luis Muñoz Marín. Written works
<mask> was named resident poet of University of Puerto Rico and served as lecturer. In 1977, the Department of Hispanic Studies at the UPR campus in Mayagüez nominated him for the Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his substantial contribution to world literature.His critics consider his books rooted in three major literary movements in Latin America: Romanticism, Modernism, and Postmodernism. Amongst his published works are the following:

Canto a Puerto Rico (1952) "I Sing to Puerto Rico"
Luz de los Héroes (1954) "Light of


texts:
 Heroes"
Criatura de Rocío (1958) "Creature of Mist"
Canto a la Locura (1962) "Song to the Madness"
El Viento y la Paloma (1969) "The Wind and the Pigeon"
Cancionera (1970) "Song Book"
La Marea Sube (1971) "The Raising Waves"
Cancionero II (1972) "Song Book Pt.2"
Rostro en la Estrella (1973) "A Face in the Star"
Isla para los Niños (1981) "Island for Children"
Hacia el Hondo Vuelo (1983) "Towards the Deep Flight"
Decimario de la Virgen (1990) "A Vigil for the Virgin"

Later years

<mask> and Lebron remained lifelong friends and he wrote the foreword to one of her books of poems. In July 1982, <mask> was selected as one of fifty poets to attend the Sixth World Congress of Poets held in Madrid, Spain. He also attended, by invitation, the eighth World Congress of Poets in Athens, Greece in 1985. Among the magazines which published his essays were Asomante, Puerto Rico Ilustrado, and Alma Latina. In 1989, the Manati Foundation of Art and Culture of the town of Manatí, dedicated their annual Juegos Florales (Poetry Pageants) to <mask>. <mask> lived with his wife Isabel Freire de Matos (1915–2004), herself an educator and journalist, in San Juan.He became ill and was hospitalized at the Hospital del Maestro in Hato Rey, where he died on July 10, 2000. See also

Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Revolts of the 1950s
List of Puerto Rican writers
List of Puerto Ricans
Puerto Rican literature

References

Further reading
"War Against All Puerto Ricans: Revolution and Terror in America’s Colony"; Author: Nelson Antonio Denis; Publisher: Nation Books (April 7, 2015); . 1915 births
2000

masks: Paoli Paoli Paoli Paoli


texts:
 deaths
Burials at Santa María Magdalena de Pazzis Cemetery
People from Lares, Puerto Rico
Puerto Rican people of Corsican descent
Puerto Rican poets
Puerto Rican male writers
Puerto Rican nationalists
Puerto Rican Nationalist Party politicians
Members of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
Imprisoned Puerto Rican independence activists
Puerto Rican independence activists
20th-century American poets
20th-century American male


texts:
<mask> (born 9 July 1971) is a British author and scriptwriter. His non-fiction works include biographies of Confucius, Koxinga and Qin Shi Huangdi (the First Emperor of China), as well as monthly opinion columns for Neo magazine. He is also the co-author of encyclopedias of anime and Japanese television dramas. Background
Clements speaks both Chinese and Japanese, and many of his works relate to East Asia. He wrote his Master's degree at the University of Stirling on manga and anime exports, predicting the rise of several trends in the international industry including back-to-front printing, direct American investment in anime, and the proliferation of attempts to substitute non-Japanese products. Subsequently, he translated over 70 anime and manga works for British distributors, and worked as a voice director and actor. He wrote his PhD at the University of Wales on the industrial history of Japanese animation, later published by the British Film Institute as Anime: A History.He served two years at Titan Books in London as the editor of Manga Max magazine, an experience he would later fictionalise as the Judge Dredd adventure Trapped on Titan. In 2000, he received the Japan Festival Award for Outstanding Contribution to the Understanding of Japanese Culture, specifically for his work on Manga Max. Broadcast work
Shortly after leaving the editorship of Manga Max magazine, he became a presenter on the Sci-Fi Channel's Japan-themed magazine show Saiko Exciting. He has been a consultant and talking head on numerous TV shows, including New Secrets of the Terracotta Warriors (Channel 4), Koxinga: Sailing into History (National Geographic), China's Jade Empire (Channel 4), and Chinese Chariot Revealed (PBS).


texts:
 In 2016, he became the presenter of three seasons of Route Awakening (National Geographic Asia), a series investigating the origins of several key Chinese cultural icons. In 2019, he appeared on Christmas University Challenge as a member of the Leeds team, alongside Henry Gee and Timothy Allen, captained by Richard Coles. Script work
Although Clements has written a couple of novels, much of his fiction work is CD audio drama or radio under the auspices of Big Finish Productions, including the Strontium Dog series, starring Simon Pegg, and the Doctor Who spin-off Sympathy for the Devil, starring David Warner and David Tennant.His most famous work, Schoolgirl Milky Crisis, was the name for a fictional TV series that Clements often used in his Newtype USA columns in order to avoid breaking various non-disclosure agreements regarding real titles that he had worked on as a writer, director or translator. The name was later used as the title to a collection of Clements's articles and speeches. Books
Clements's many non-fiction publications, on subjects ranging from the history of the Vikings to the life of Chairman Mao Tse-tung, serve as research for his fiction. His books have been translated into a dozen languages, including Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, and Korean. His major works include:
 The Moon in the Pines (2000, reprinted in paperback as Zen Haiku, 2007)
 The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917 (1st ed. 2001, 2nd ed. 2006, 3rd ed.2015, with Helen McCarthy)
 The Dorama Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese TV Drama Since 1953 (2003, with Motoko Tamamuro)
 The Pirate King: Coxinga and the Fall of the Ming Dynasty (2004, publ. in paperback as Coxinga, 2005)
 Confucius: A Biography


texts:
 (2004, expanded 2nd ed. 2017)
 A Brief History of the Vikings (2005)
 The First Emperor of China (2006, 2nd ed. 2015)
 Wu (2007, 2nd ed. 2014)
 Beijing: The Biography of a City (2008, 2nd ed. as An Armchair Traveller's History of Beijing, 2016)
 Mannerheim: President, Soldier, Spy (2009)
 A Brief History of the Samurai (2010)
 Admiral Togo: Nelson of the East (2010)
 A Brief History of Khubilai Khan (2010)
 Sun Tzu's Art of War: A New Translation (2012)
 An Armchair Traveller's History of the Silk Road (2013)
 Anime: A History (2013)
 An Armchair Traveller's History of Finland (2014)
 Christ's Samurai: The True Story of the Shimabara Rebellion (2016)
 A Brief History of the Martial Arts (2016)
 A Brief History of Japan Samurai, Shōgun and Zen: The Extraordinary Story of the Land of the Rising Sun (2017)
 The Emperor's Feast: A History of China in Twelve Meals (2021)

In 2011, he became a contributing editor to The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction 3rd edition, with special responsibility for Chinese and Japanese entries. References

External links
 Schoolgirl Milky Crisis blog—<mask>s' blog of essays and news
 Muramasa Industries—The official web site of <mask>s via the Internet Archive

 Entry in  The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
 Keynote address: "Wrong About Anime" at Anifest 2012, Czech Republic

1971 births
Alumni of the University of Leeds
Alumni of the University of Stirling
Anime and manga critics
English biographers
English book editors
English non-fiction writers
English radio writers
English science fiction writers
Living people
English male novelists
English male non-fiction writers
Alumni of the University of Wales
British Japanologists
British sinologists
British historians
Male

masks:
Jonathan Clement
Jonathan Clement


texts:
<mask>  (21 September 1929 – 13 February 2018) was a British publisher, producer, and philanthropist. In 1951, he founded Souvenir Press Ltd, one of the very few remaining independently owned major publishing houses in Great Britain. In 2003 he set up the Ernest Hecht Charitable Foundation. Described by The Bookseller as "one of a number of émigrés who changed the face of British publishing after the Second World War alongside George Weidenfeld, Paul Hamlyn and André Deutsch", <mask> has been called "the last of the great publishers". He was awarded an OBE in the Queen's Birthday Honours List for services to Publishing and Charity in June 2015. In August 2015, he was honoured by the President of Brazil with the Order of Rio Branco, which was presented to <mask> at a ceremony by the Brazilian Ambassador in London. Early life
Born in 1929 in Czechoslovakia, the son of clothing manufacturers Richard and <mask>, <mask> arrived in Britain as a Kindertransport (Jewish refugee) child in 1939; he recalls: "On the train to England as a young man, I remember throwing up on one of the Gestapo.My mother must have been terrified but the man said it was ok because he had children of his own." He was evacuated to Wiltshire, then to Minehead, Somerset. In the mid-1940s he attended Quintin School in Regent Street, London (later to become Quintin Kynaston School in Swiss Cottage), and went on to read Economics and Commerce at Hull University College. Publishing

<mask> started Souvenir Press in 1951 in his bedroom at his parents' flat with a loan of £250, "a bed, a desk, a typewriter and a phone in the hall", his first book being "a paperback on cricket entitled Len Hutton: The World's Greatest Batsman, written by a college friend and retailing at two shillings (ten pence)." <mask> successfully built the business up and ran the company for more than six

masks:
Ernest Hecht
Hecht
Hecht
Annie Hecht
Ernest Hecht
Hecht
Hecht


texts:
 decades. Producing an eccentric list of titles ("His authors have ranged from Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara to comic chronicler of the British upper classes, PG Wodehouse, from Norwegian Kon Tiki adventurer Thor Heyerdahl to tap dance legend Fred Astaire...") from a notoriously untidy office in Bloomsbury, <mask> was quoted as saying: "Anyone can create a high-class literary list of prestige titles. It's better to have a balanced list, comprising books that make money and those perhaps more worthy titles that don't.My adage is that a publisher’s first duty to an author is to remain solvent." Nevertheless, characterised as a risk-taker, he also expressed the view that, as a publisher: "You have the freedom, and I'd be inclined to say, the duty, to publish books of a minority interest and titles whose time may not yet have arrived or ideas that challenge received wisdom." As he said in an interview with Matthew Engel: "The rule of independent publishing is that there are no rules." Souvenir Press had more than 500 titles in print by the time of <mask>'s death in 2018 and had number-one bestsellers on both sides of the Atlantic. Book series published by Souvenir included Condor Books, Human Horizons and Independent Voices. <mask> celebrated the company's 65th anniversary in April 2016. He published five Nobel laureates, including Norwegian novelist Knut Hamsun and the Chilean poet Pablo Neruda.<mask> received the British Book Awards Lifetime Achievement award in 2001 and was a chairman of the Society of Bookmen. Music and theatre
<mask>cht and Souvenir Press also produced concerts and presented many theatrical productions, including Uproar in the House, with Brian Rix, Joan Sims, and Nicholas Parsons; Sign Here Please by Valentin Kataev, adapted by Marty Feldman, with Terry Scott, Peter Jones and Ambrosine Phillpotts; and most recently

masks:
Hecht
Hecht
Hecht
Hecht
Ernest He


texts:
 The World's Wife by Carol Ann Duffy, with Sinéad Cusack, Harriet Walter, Jan Watson, Lynn Farleigh and Barb Jungr. The Ernest Hecht Charitable Foundation
Set up in 2003, the Ernest Hecht Charitable Foundation has the aim of providing financial and practical assistance that can "making a difference to people's lives". The Foundation aims to support the work of other charitable organisations in helping the disadvantaged and promoting the advancement of the arts and education by making grants, with the aim of making a difference in a particular field. Charities and organisations the Foundation has so far been able to support include: Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge; Cardboard Citizens; University College London; Chickenshed Theatre; The National Gallery's Dame Myra Hess Day; Whizz-Kidz; Royal College of Music; React – Rapid Effective Assistance for Children with Potentially Terminal illness; Alzheimer's Society "Singing for the Brain" groups; Action for Blind People; InterAct Reading Service; Mildmay Mission Hospital; Dementia Care; Resource: The Jewish Employment Advice Centre; Scottish Disability Golf Partnership; British Limbless Ex-Service Men's Association; Tricycle Theatre; Macmillan Centre Clinical Nurse Specialists; Salvation Army; RAF Benevolent Fund; St John's Hospice; Marie Curie Cancer Care Nurses; St John's Ambulance. Awards
Hecht's awards include the Specsavers National Book Awards 2001 Lifetime Achievement Award, the Neruda Medal presented by the Chilean government, and an honorary fellowship of University College London, in 2006. He was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the Queen's Birthday Honours List for services to Publishing and Charity in June 2015.In August 2015, he was honoured with Brazil's Order of Rio Branco, in recognition of his contribution to promoting Brazilian culture in the


texts:
 English-speaking world, through publishing some of Brazil's most notable writers, such as Jorge Amado, Fernando Sabino and Carolina Maria de Jesus. In April 2016 <mask> was awarded the London Book Fair Simon Master Chairman's Award. Personal life
<mask> lived and worked in London, where he was a long-standing supporter of Arsenal Football Club: he took his Arsenal hat with him to Buckingham Palace when accepting his OBE from Prince Charles. <mask> was the literary agent of Brazilian footballer Pelé and found the time to attend nine of the past 11 World Cup finals by 2002. In 2016 <mask> dismissed suggestions of an autobiography with the words: "Publishers' books never sell." He died in hospital in London after a short illness, on 13 February 2018. Unmarried and without children or heir, <mask> was reported as having said: "I’m not unduly worried what happens to Souvenir when I’m not here for the simple reason that I won’t be here."References

External links
 Souvenir Press website. The Ernest Hecht Charitable Foundation. Michael Allen, "<mask> and the Souvenir Press", Grumpy Old Bookman, 12 September 2007. John Gulliver, "The freedom to publish and the duty to challenge", Camden New Journal, 27 October 2011. Matthew Engel, "Nobel prize winners and stocking fillers – 65 years in the murky waters of London publishing", The Guardian, 2 April 2016. Obituaries
 "Obituary: <mask>", The Times, 15 February 2018. Liz Thomson, "<mask>cht obituary", The Guardian, 19 February 2018."<mask>, independent publisher – obituary", The Telegraph, 28 February 2018. 1929 births
2018 deaths
British book publishers (people)
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Alumni of the University of Hull
Kindertransport refugees
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom
Czechoslovak emigrants to the United Kingdom
Literary agents
20th-century British

masks:
Hecht
Hecht
Hecht
Hecht
Hecht
Ernest Hecht
Ernest Hecht
Ernest He
Ernest Hecht


texts:
(, kanji for given name: 留美奈) is a Japanese retired mixed martial artist, famous for his career in the Shooto organization. In the past he fought mostly in the 155 lb division, but he moved down to the 145 lb division. Mixed martial arts career
After graduating from high school, <mask> had to spend a year as a ronin and started to train in shoot wrestling under Noboru Asahi and Noriaki Kiguchi in the Kiguchi Dojo, partnered with the Shooto promotion. He later moved to amateur wrestling after being admitted in the Nippon Sport Science University, and after graduating in 1994 and competing in the All Japan Amateur Shoot Championships, he joined professionally the company. Shooto
After honing his submission skills under <mask>, <mask> made his professional debut in MMA on December 7, 1994, winning over Michael McAuliffe with a calf slicer, the first time the move had been used in mixed martial arts. He ascended fastly in the roster by winning 10 straight matches, becoming a fan favourite for his aggressive and spectacular style of grappling. As soon as his fourth match, he submitted his opponent with a flying inverted triangle choke, and at his seventh, he gained worldwide fame by submitting the

masks:
Sato
Satoru Sayama
Sato


texts: Brazilian jiu-jitsu black belt Ricardo Botelho, taking advantage of his guard usage to attack him with leglocks and submit him with a heel hook.<mask> also defeated another big name of the art when he beat John Lewis, who he submitted in revenge for a match at the Vale Tudo Japan which ended in a draw. <mask> would become a usual fighter for this event, representing Shooto in six out of the nine years it had place. <mask>'s winning streak finally broke in 1998 when he lost a highly publicized match to Canadian Jiu-Jitsu Champion Joel Gerson by a surprising armbar in the first round of a non-title event in 1998. <mask> avenged his defeat in the next Canadian Jiu-Jitsu open tournament the same year, where he faced Gerson again at the finals and submitted him with an ankle lock. After returning to Japan, <mask> got also which is thought to be the fastest submission victory in MMA history when he submitted Charles Diaz in a mere five seconds with a flying armbar. At Vale Tudo Japan 1998, <mask> went against André Pederneiras of the Nova União in a vale tudo rules match. <mask> suffered the first takedown, but he almost caught Pederneiras with a persistent armbar.The two exchanged minor strikes in

masks: Sato Sato Sato Sato Sato Sato Sato


texts: <mask>'s guard before the Brazilian grappler decided to stand-up, and the match seemed to go stall from their respective positions. However, suddenly Pederneiras sidestepped <mask> and landed a soccer kick to the head, following with heavy punches to the face for the doctor stoppage. On May 29, 1999, he would fight former trainee Caol Uno for the vacated Shooto Welterweight Championship. <mask> captured Uno's back mere two minutes into the match and pursued the rear naked choke, but despite threatening to lock the hold at several points, Uno managed to escape free. Going into the second round, <mask> controlled the stand-up, opening a cut on the right side of his opponent's face and scoring a takedown, but he found himself having to defend from his guard while Uno capitalized to land ground and pound. At the third round, Uno started controlling the wrestling game and solidifying his assault to <mask>'s guard, and ultimately, when a clearly tired Rumina attempted a takedown, Caol took his back and locked a rear naked choke for the tap out. <mask> returned to Vale Tudo Japan in 1999 fighting Rafael Cordeiro, founder and instructor for the famed Chute Boxe team.The match was short, as <mask> scored

masks: Sato Sato Sato Sato Sato Sato Rumina


texts: a belly to belly suplex and right after locked a kneebar, making Cordeiro tap out. <mask> rematched Uno in December 2000 for the title. In a cautious and tentative affair, <mask> captured the back of his opponent while standing and attempted to lock a choke while Uno defended with a Kimura lock threat, but none was successful. However, when <mask> finally released him, Uno capitalized on his bad position and landed a knee strike to the face and a right punch to the temple, knocking <mask> out. After his second defeat to Uno, <mask> faced Marcio Ramos Barbosa of Barbosa Jiu-Jitsu, who had submitted Caol before the rematch. <mask> won the fight by unanimous decision. In December 2001, <mask> faced rising star Takanori Gomi for the vacated Shooto World Lightweight Championship.Playing clinch to avoid his foe's dangerous striking, <mask> led the fight to the mat and besieged Gomi with submissions attempts, including armbars both from and against the guard, toeholds from inverted positions and an omoplata that almost finished the fight, but Takanori was consistently able of getting out of them. The second round saw Gomi landing damaging punches, as well as <mask> utilizing an active guard to

masks: Rumina Sato Sato Sato Sato Sato Sato Rumina Sato


texts:
 counterattack, and the striker eventually bypassing his defenses and controlling the pace. Come the third and final, Gomi landed the last punches against the guard before winning the bout by unanimous decision. Despite PRIDE Fighting Championships and Ultimate Fighting Championship being both interested in signing him up, Rumina famously vowed to never compete in any other organization than Shooto (unless representing Shooto in special matches) until he won a title there. He won the Shooto Pacific Rim Lightweight Tournament on March 11, 2005, from Makoto Ishikawa, but still remained in the promotion until his retirement in May 2014. On July 10, 2009, <mask> competed in a grappling super fight at the UFC 100 Fan Expo Grappler's Quest against Ulysses Gomez, winning by submission with an inverted triangle choke/wrist lock combination. Fighting style
<mask> was primarily a grappler whose main strength was found in his offensive skills.He would attempt submissions relentlessly from unusual positions and entries, and was prone to try and often accomplish low percentage moves, among them flying holds, intrincated leglocks, and several variations of triangle chokes, which he utilized to set up ground and

masks: Sato Sato


texts:
 pound and other submissions. His technique was praised by Rickson Gracie, labelling it as "excellent." Though later years showed a weakened chin as his main weak spot, <mask> was also an aggressive striker, sometimes indulging in moves like spinning backfists and axe kicks. Championship
|-
| Win
| align=center| 18–4–1
| Marcio Ramos Barbosa
| Decision (unanimous)
| Shooto: To The Top 7
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Osaka, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 17–4–1
| Caol Uno
| KO (punch)
| Shooto: R.E.A.D. Final
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:21
| Chiba, Japan
| For Shooto World Welterweight (154 lbs.) Championship
|-
| Win
| align=center| 17–3–1
| Takuya Kuwabara
| Technical Decision (unanimous)
| Shooto: R.E.A.D. 9
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Kanagawa, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 16–3–1
| Yves Edwards
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| SB 17: SuperBrawl 17
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:18
| Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 15–3–1
| Rafael Cordeiro
| Submission (kneebar)
| VTJ 1999: Vale Tudo Japan 1999
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:58
| Chiba, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 14–3–1
|


texts:
 Phil Johns
| Submission (toe hold)
| Shooto: Renaxis 5
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:54
| Osaka, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 13–3–1
| Caol Uno
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| Shooto: 10th Anniversary Event
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 4:02
| Yokohama, Japan
| For Shooto World Welterweight (154


texts:
<mask> (27 June 1927, London – 17 April 1999, Fakenham, Norfolk) was a British theatre director and designer. Early life

<mask> was born on 27 June 1927 in Stamford Hill, London to parents of Italian origin: <mask> and Teresa Manattini. The family moved to Chingford in Essex where he was educated. He served in the Royal Navy as a radio engineer at the end of the Second World War and afterwards studied Art under David Bomberg at Borough Polytechnic (later to become part of South Bank University). In 1951 he attended the Old Vic Theatre School to study theatre design. The director of the school, Michel Saint Denis, was especially influential on Negri's thinking and development as a theatre designer as was the designer Margaret (Percy) Harris (of the renowned all female design group Motley), the design tutor at the school. Career

After leaving the Old Vic he spent a year designing for the Oldham Coliseum before founding the Piccolo Theatre company with director Frank Dunlop (a contemporary at the Old Vic Theatre School) in Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester (which only survived for a year) and designing the productions.In 1957, at the Royal Court 'Nekrassov' by Jean-Paul Sartre directed by George Devine with Robert Helpmann heading a distinguished cast including Ronald Barker, Roddy McMillan, James Villiers, Bernard Kay and Harry H. Corbett. He also designed Chekhov's 'Platonov' directed by George Devine and John Blatchley at the Royal Court in 1960 with Rex Harrison as well as James Bolam, Peter Bowles, Ronald Barker, Rachel Roberts and Graham Crowden. Also, Peter Shaffer's double bill 'The Private Eye' and 'The

masks:
Richard Negri
Richard Negri
Riccardo Negri


texts: Public Ear' with Maggie Smith and Kenneth Williams at the Globe, in the West End directed by Peter Wood. Shakespeare's 'King Richard II' at London's Old Vic in 1959, directed by Val May with Maggie Smith as the Queen to John Justin's <mask>. George Baker, John Woodvine and Joss Ackland were also in the cast. 'Lady at the Wheel' a musical comedy directed by Wendy Toye in 1958, costumes by Motley and lighting by <mask>w with Bernard Cribbins at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith. 'Masterpiece' in 1961, a play by Larry Ward and Gordon Russell, directed by Harry Kaplan, lighting by <mask>w at the Royalty Theatre.Anton Walbrook and Margaret Johnston headed a strong cast that included Peter Sallis, Patrick Magee, Robert Eddison and Arnold Marlé. At the Bristol Old Vic he designed a production of Joseph O'Conor's early play, 'The Iron Harp'. With Peter O'Toole in the lead role (alongside O'Conor) the play also gave a first important role to <mask>. <mask> also had a six-month spell as a television designer and his work at that time included designs for Ibsen's 'John Gabriel Borkman', which marked Laurence Olivier's television debut in the title role and 'Hay Fever' with Edith Evans and Maggie Smith, both directed by Casper Wrede. Also: 'The Living Room' with Dorothy Tutin, Ring Round The Moon' with Yvonne Arnaud, 'Touch of the Sun' with Michael Redgrave all directed by Lionel Harris. Working with director Peter Wood, Negri also designed 'Sunday out of Season' with Alec McCowan and Maggie Smith. In 1959 he started to design for the  59 Theatre Company, based at the Lyric Theatre.The company was run by Michael Elliott and

masks:
King Richard
Richard Pilbro
Richard Pibro
Richard Harris
Negri


texts: Casper Wrede, a friend from the Old Vic and, although short-lived, the company achieved considerable success with productions of Brand (designed by <mask>), Little Eyolf and Danton's Death. When Wrede and Elliott went on to run a season of plays at the Old Vic in 1961 <mask> joined them as designer. In 1962 <mask> began teaching as a part-time lecturer at Wimbledon School of Art in the Theatre Department teaching on the theatre design course; by the end of 1963 he had become Head of Department on Peter Bucknell's (former head of the Theatre Department) promotion to Principal. The formation of the 69 Theatre Company by Wrede, Elliott, and Braham Murray in Manchester led to Negri designing many of the productions at the University Theatre including Peer Gynt and The Tempest. Based upon the success of the Company the group started to look for a permanent theatre in Manchester and eventually a new theatre was built inside the disused Royal Exchange with Negri as the designer of the theatre and one of the founding artistic directors. The design incorporated the ideas of the founding group; Wrede, Elliott, Murray, the actor James Maxwell and Negri himself. According to Murray, Negri's design was based upon a beehive and meant that no one would be seated more than thirty feet from the stage."The audience would be suspended between the world of the gods in the outer hall and the stage where the actors who entered from that world would act out their drama." The architects, Levitt Bernstein Associates, observed "the beginning for us was a small paper and wire model sitting in the middle of a table with <mask> striding

masks:
Negri
Negri
Negri
Richard Negri


texts:
 round it talking about the form of a rose. How, we wondered, would we ever bring this man down to earth? Fortunately we never did." The theatre opened on 15 September 1976 and <mask> remained as an artistic director until 1983. He directed a number of productions in addition to his design work. He had resigned from Wimbledon in 1974 to concentrate all his efforts on the Royal Exchange but returned in 1982 to continue his lecturing.He finally retired in 1988. His legacy remains both in the theatre he designed and in the students he taught. Johanna Bryant one of key designers for the Royal Exchange was one of his students. National Life Stories conducted a series of interviews (C1173) with theatre designers, directors and actors in the 2000s about their memories of Nengri for its An Oral History of Theatre Design collection held by the British Library. Personal life
<mask> married Jill Adams on 27 September 1956 in Bury St Edmunds. They had two sons and six daughters

Productions directed at The Royal Exchange

 The Skin of Our Teeth by Thornton Wilder. Directed by <mask> and James Maxwell with Olive McFarland and Lee Montague (1977)
 The Golden Country by Shusaku Endo.European premiere with Wolfe Morris, Geoffrey Bateman and Ian Hastings (1977)
 The Chairs by Eugène Ionesco with Gwen Nelson and Frank Thornton (1980)
 The Emperor Jones by Eugene O'Neill with Pete Postlethwaite and Albie Woodington (1980)
 The Caretaker by Harold Pinter with Charlie Drake, Jonathon Hackett and Tim McInnerny (1983)

References

Bibliography

1927 births
1999 deaths
British theatre directors
Artistic directors
Alumni of London South

masks:
Negri
Negri
Richard Negri


texts: <mask> (March 16, 1932 – April 13, 2005), nicknamed Blazer, was an American professional baseball second baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals (1955–1959), San Francisco Giants (1960–1961), Cincinnati Reds (1961–1963), Washington Senators (1963–1966), and Kansas City Athletics (1966). Blasingame threw right-handed, batted left-handed and was listed as  tall and . Born and raised in Corinth, Mississippi, <mask> signed with the Cardinals in 1953 after a stint in the United States Army. He made his debut for the team in September 1955 and took over the second base job from Red Schoendienst in 1956. In 1957, he finished twelfth in National League Most Valuable Player Award voting, and he reached his only All-Star Game in 1958. He played one more season for the Cardinals in 1959 before getting traded to the Giants.With San Francisco, <mask>'s batting average was significantly lower than it had been with St. Louis, and he lost the second base job in 1961, then was traded early in the season to the Reds. He made it to the World Series with the Reds during his first year and batted .281 for them in 1962. In 1963, he lost the second base role to Pete Rose and was traded to the Senators midseason. Blasingame served as Washington's second baseman until 1966, platooned with Chuck Cottier for the first half of that year, then went to the Athletics and spent a month with them as a pinch hitter to finish his major league career. After that, <mask> went to Japan. He spent three seasons playing with

masks:
Donald Lee Blasingame
Blasingame
Blasingame
Blasingame


texts:
 the Nankai Hawks, then coached the team for several years. From 1979 to 1980, he managed the Hanshin Tigers, and from 1981 to 1982, he managed Nankai.Returning to the U.S., he served as a minor league coordinator for the Philadelphia Phillies afterward. In his later years, he lived in Scottsdale, Arizona. Early life
Blasingame was born and raised in Corinth, Mississippi. He was the third boy and fourth child of Chester Henry "Doc" and Ottie <mask>. Doc was a butcher in West Corinth at a local meat market. <mask> attended Corinth High School and excelled playing baseball for them and for American Legion Post 6 in Corinth. He helped Corinth High win the state championship in 1949.The Houston Buffaloes of the Class AA Texas League tried him out during 1951 spring training, but he went off to serve in the United States Army for two years during the Korean War. Once his military service ended, he signed with the St. Louis Cardinals in 1953. Blasingame went to David Lipscomb College in his offseasons between 1952 and 1953 and again between 1953 and 1954. The college was located in Nashville, Tennessee. Minor league career
<mask>'s first professional team was the Winston-Salem Cardinals of the Class B Carolina League. He had 141 hits in 131 games, along with seven home runs and a .290 batting average. For the following season, he went to spring training with the Buffaloes.He suffered two injuries in spring training, burning his hand by grabbing a light bulb in a hotel room, then tripping over a base the day before the season,

masks:
May Blasingame
Don
Blasingame


texts:
 causing him to miss the first two weeks. However, he impressed the team enough to make their roster. “Can you imagine what a favorite he’ll be if he keeps on looking like he does now?” manager Dixie Walker asked. Blasingame batted .315 in 144 games (575 at bats) with Houston in 1954, racking up 181 hits, five home runs, and 51 runs batted in (RBI). He demonstrated great speed with the team, stealing 34 bases and earning the nickname "<mask>lazing-game." Eventually shortened to "Blazer," the nickname would follow him for the rest of his career. Walker said, "He wears the dirtiest uniform on the club.That's the highest tribute I can pay him." Houston won the Texas League pennant and played the Atlanta Crackers in the Dixie Series after the season. Though he had played shortstop these seasons, Blasingame was moved to second base during winter ball in Cuba after the 1954 season, groomed to replace Red Schoendienst at the position once his tenure with the Cardinals ended. He played 132 games (497 at bats) with the Omaha Cardinals of the Class AAA American Association, batting .302 with 150 hits, three home runs, 46 RBI, and 17 stolen bases, earning a September call-up to the St. Louis Cardinals. Major league career

St. Louis Cardinals
Blasingame made his major league debut at age 23 on September 20, 1955 in a 2–0 Cardinals win over the Chicago Cubs. Starting at second base and batting leadoff, his first career at bat resulted in his first hit, a single off Sam Jones, and he scored on a Solly Hemus home run. He appeared in


texts: five games that fall for the Cardinals, reaching base 12 times in 23 opportunities.In 1956, <mask> began the season on the bench for three games, then took over as the Cardinal shortstop from Alex Grammas. He batted .263 in his first 50 games, through June 12. Two days later, the Cardinals traded Schoendienst to the New York Giants, opening the door for Blasingame to take over at that position. He spent the rest of the year at second base and finished the season batting .261 with 153 hits, 94 runs, and 27 RBI in 150 games (587 at bats). He stole eight bases but was caught an equal number of times. Blasingame enjoyed his best season in 1957, when he hit .271 and posted career-highs in home runs (8), RBI (58), runs (101), hits (176) and stolen bases (21, third in the league). His first home run eventually came on May 12, against Red Murff, though it was in a 10–4 loss to the Milwaukee Braves.September 4, he had an even better game against the Braves. With the game tied 4–4 in the 12th inning, Blasingame hit a double against <mask> with one out. He then stole third base, forcing McMahon to intentionally walk the next two hitters to set up a force play. An error by Bob Hazle allowed Blasingame to score, giving the Cardinals a 5–4 win. Another highlight came on June 12 that year, when he had four RBIs, including a two-RBI single in the 10th inning, helping the Cardinals beat the Pittsburgh Pirates 10–3 in the first game of a doubleheader. Used as a leadoff man, Blasingame led the National League (NL) with 650 at bats.

masks:
Blasingame
Don McMahon