texts:
 lieutenant-colonel, having been promoted on 29 September. He was posted to the newly raised 11th (Service) Battalion, a Kitchener's Army unit, with whom he served in France and Belgium, most notably during the Battle of the Somme, and Italy from 1917, ending the war with the rank of temporary lieutenant-colonel, having been promoted to that rank on 23 November 1917, shortly after becoming Commanding Officer (CO) of his battalion, aged just 25. The battalion formed part of the 70th Brigade of the 23rd Division. During the conflict he received numerous military honours: in 1916 he was awarded the Military Cross (MC), in 1917 the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) and Bar, and in 1918 the Victoria Cross (VC). He was also mentioned in despatches five times, on 15 June 1916, 30 May 1916, 21 December 1917, 6 January 1919, 9 July 1919 and 3 February 1920, and was awarded the Croix de Guerre and the Italian Silver Medal of Military Valor.He was awarded a Bar to his DSO on 23 November 1917. At the age of just 26, <mask> was one of the youngest Old Shirburnians to be awarded the VC. In Testament of Youth, Vera Brittain describes several meetings with the convalescent <mask> while she was trying to discover the circumstances of the death of her brother, Captain Edward Brittain, who had served under <mask>, and was killed on 15 June 1918 in the attack in which <mask> won his VC. VC action
<mask> was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions on 15 June 1918 near Asiago, Italy, during the Second Battle of the Piave River, as a 26-year-old temporary lieutenant-colonel in command of the 11th Battalion Sherwood Foresters. The citation appeared in a supplement to the London Gazette on 11 July 1918. Between the wars
After the war, <mask>, against advice and having embarked with a US Navy ship, volunteered to serve in the North Russia Intervention during the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, where he was deployed as a brigade staff officer under the

masks: Hudson Hudson Hudson Hudson Hudson Hudson


type: original

texts: command of Brigadier-General Edmund Ironside at Archangel. Returning to England, in 1920 <mask> married Gladys Lee, from Glendale, Northumberland, who he had first met in London after having been wounded in Italy in 1918.They had two sons, John Patrick <mask>, born on 11 April 1922, and Miles Matthew Lee, born on 17 August 1925. Their first years of marriage, spent in Derby, were difficult, and <mask>, initially unwilling to do so, chose to remain in the army, although the pay was barely sufficient, and both he and his wife had to live on army rations. The first few years of <mask>'s service as a Regular Army officer were spent mainly on regimental duties, initially as adjutant to his regiment's 3rd (Militia) Battalion, holding this post from 11 March 1920 until 10 March 1923. He attended the Staff College, Camberley from 1926 to 1927, where his fellow students included Harold Alexander, William Holden, Douglas Wimberley, Rob Lockhart, Richard Lewis, Roy Bucher, George Clark, Richard Bond, Eric Harrison, Sidney Archibald, George Wood, Reginald Nolder, Euan Miller, Brian Robertson and Noel Holmes, all of whom were to become general officers in the upcoming war. His instructors included men such as Wilfrid Lindsell, Bernard Paget, Ronald Adam, Alan Brooke and Bernard Montgomery, Robert Gordon-Finlayson, Henry Pownall and Harold Franklyn. <mask>'s time there was not particularly distinguished, and by the end of his first year he was almost dropped from the course, for being either consistently lazy or lacking in interest. <mask> was critical of, and often rebelled against, the methods his instructors used, believing them to not differ significantly from the methods used by the senior commanders in the Great War, which often failed with a heavy cost in human life.He furthermore believed that the Staff College's training was inadequate if the army was to fight another major European war. His attitude was described by his instructors as awkward

masks: Hudson Charles Hudson Hudson Hudson Hudson


texts:
 and often inclined to be pig-headed. Nevertheless, <mask>, for the most part, enjoyed his time there and he was recommended for future employment. Soon after graduating from the Staff College, <mask> returned to his regiment's 1st Battalion, then stationed in Northern Ireland, serving there for six months, before he transferred on 27 July 1928 to the King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSB), with the rank of major, after being told that there was little chance of promotion in his own regiment. After serving with Malaya Command as a staff officer from 1930 to 1932, he was promoted to brevet lieutenant-colonel on 1 January 1932. He became a Chief Instructor in the grade of General Staff Officer Grade 3 (GSO3) at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst from 31 January 1933 until 31 January 1937. He then returned to the 2nd Battalion of his regiment, serving in the Catterick Garrison, North Yorkshire, before moving down to Portsmouth to become part of the 9th Infantry Brigade, commanded by Brigadier Bernard Montgomery, who had been one of Hudson's Staff College instructors.<mask> was promoted to brevet lieutenant-colonel on 30 April 1938 and, on 2 June, to the temporary rank of brigadier (and full colonel on the same date) and took command of the 2nd Brigade. The brigade was one of three which formed part of the 1st Infantry Division, whose General Officer Commanding (GOC) was Major-General Harold Alexander, an old friend from Sandhurst and Camberley days. This move was initiated by Leslie Hore-Belisha, the new Secretary of State for War, who wanted to promote younger officers. Second World War
Soon after the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, <mask> led his brigade overseas to France as part of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). The brigade, after several months of relative inactivity during the "Phoney War" period, saw action throughout May 1940, when the German Army launched its invasion of France, which resulted in the

masks: Hudson Hudson Hudson Hudson


texts: brigade, along with the rest of the BEF, being forced to retreat to Dunkirk, from where it was evacuated to England in late May/early June. For his services in France and Belgium <mask> was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) on 11 July. With the threat of a German invasion of the United Kingdom, <mask>'s brigade, along with the rest of the division, now commanded by Major-General Kenneth Anderson after Alexander was promoted to command I Corps, commenced anti-invasion duties, including beach defence, until mid-December when <mask> received his first divisional command.Promoted to the acting rank of major-general on 14 December, <mask> became GOC of the 46th Infantry Division, a second-line Territorial Army (TA) formation, taking over from Major-General Desmond Anderson. Formed in October 1939 as a duplicate of the 49th (West Riding) Infantry Division, the 46th Division comprised the 137th, 138th and 139th Infantry Brigades, along with supporting divisional troops. The division, minus its divisional troops, had fought in France with the BEF, sustaining extremely heavy casualties due to its poor level of training, and after being evacuated, was then serving in Scotland under Scottish Command, reorganising after its heavy losses. Soon after <mask> became GOC, in early January 1941 the 46th Division moved to Cambridgeshire, then Norfolk, where it came under the command of Lieutenant-General Edmund Osborne's II Corps, serving under Eastern Command and, like it had in Scotland, focused on reorganising and training to repel a German invasion, although then considered unlikely in winter. <mask> only held the command for just over five months, until May 1941, after a dispute with Osborne, his senior officer, which resulted in his demotion to the substantive rank of colonel, and he never again held a divisional command, nor regained his rank of major-general. Osborne, who, possibly envious of <mask> being the holder of a VC, interfered

masks: Hudson Hudson Hudson Hudson Hudson Hudson Hudson


texts: with <mask>'s command, writing to his battalion and brigade commanders without <mask> knowing, organising exercises, and visiting the division without informing its GOC. <mask> wrote an official letter of complaint.Osborne arrived, apologised and promised that he would no longer interfere, and went away on two weeks' leave. However, when he returned <mask> received an official report that he was, in his corps commander's opinion, unfit to command a division. <mask>, following Osborne's own advice, appealed, unsuccessfully, and he lost command of the division. He was succeeded as GOC of the 46th Division by Major-General Douglas Wimberley, a fellow student at the Staff College in the mid-1920s, who was sympathetic to <mask>'s plight. <mask> wrote that "There are few blows in life which are more shattering than wounded pride. I felt personally shamed and disgraced. I had worn the insignia of a general long enough to become known to relatives, friends and acquaintances as such, and now I had to tell them that I had dropped to a rank lower than that I held before the war".After his demotion, he briefly commanded the 159th Infantry Brigade, part of the TA 53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division, then serving in Northern Ireland, but was soon sent to command the 182nd Brigade, part of the 61st Infantry Division, another TA formation which was also serving as British Troops in Northern Ireland. The division returned to the mainland in February 1943, moving to Essex and took part in Exercise Spartan, and moved to Kent in May, and the division was initially selected to play a role in Operation Overlord, the Allied invasion of Normandy, only to be reduced to the Lower Establishment soon after, becoming essentially a training formation with the intention of supplying replacements to overseas units. Handing over command of the 182nd Brigade to Brigadier John Nichols in late November, he became aide-de-camp to King George VI from 1944 until his retirement from


texts:
 the army in 1946. Postwar
He was awarded the Order of St John of Jerusalem (Commander). He died on holiday in the Scilly Isles on 4 April 1959, aged 66. <mask> was buried at St Mary's Church, Denbury in South Devon. An obituary for Brigadier <mask> <mask> was published in the Old Shirburnian Society Annual Report in September 1959, reading:

His medals are on display at Nottingham Castle.Writings
<mask> wrote his memoirs in a 730-page journal later published by his son Miles in 1992. He also wrote many poems based on experiences as far back as childhood that were also unpublished in his lifetime, as were two radio plays (never produced), ten short stories and many reflections on secular subjects. His only work that was published in his lifetime was several chess problems that appeared in chess magazines. References

Bibliography

<mask>, Soldier, Poet, Rebel: The Extraordinary Life of <mask> <mask> (The History Press Ltd., 2007). External links

Burial location of <mask> "Devonshire"
News item "<mask>'s Victoria Cross donated to the Sherwood Foresters Museum"
Generals of World War II

Sherborne School Archives

1892 births
1959 deaths
Academics of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
British Army brigadiers
British Army personnel of World War I
Italian front (World War I)
British Army generals of World War II
British Army personnel of the Russian Civil War
British Army brigadiers of World War II
British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross
British World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Companions of the Order of the Bath
Deputy Lieutenants of Devon
Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley
King's Own Scottish Borderers officers
Knights of Grace of the Order of St John
Military personnel from Derbyshire
People educated at Sherborne School
People from Derby
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
Recipients of the Military Cross
Recipients of the Silver Medal of Military

masks:
Hudson
Charles Edward
Hudson
Hudson
Miles Hudson
Charles Hudson
VC
Charles Hudson
Charles Hudson


texts: <mask> (20 June 1929 – 4 December 2021) was a German violinist, music pedagogue, university professor and patron. He was based in Frankfurt, where he founded several ensembles, and taught at both the Hoch Conservatory and the Musikhochschule Frankfurt. He founded concert series in the area, and a prize for young violinists. <mask> was raised as one of three children of a silversmith. His mother was interested in music, and supported a musical education of her children. Advised by his music teacher, he took violin lessons with Marie-Louise Graef-Mönch, the assistant of Alma Moodie, who taught him in the tradition of Carl Flesch. Even after graduation he received courses, some in the home of the Hölscher family where he befriended Gert Hölscher (1930–2010) and met the pianist Günter Ludwig.At the Musikhochschule Frankfurt, he studied with Graef-Mönch, his former private teacher. During a university competition in Hamburg, Kottmann's playing was awarded. After his concert exam, he was first employed as violin teacher at the Odenwaldschule. He then taught at the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt from 1958. Later he also taught at the Musikhochschule Frankfurt, the University of Frankfurt, and at the University of Mainz. From 1977 to 1979, he was acting director of the

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Alois Kottmann
Career Kottmann


texts:
 Hoch Conservatory. "Music is no aid for self-portrayal but instead a medium of communication among people."– Prof. h. c. <mask> <mask> (translated from German)

Kottmann formed artistic partnerships with Albert Mangelsdorff, Karl Freitag, Agnes Giebel, Peter-Lukas Graf, Ingo Goritzki, Rainer Hoffmann, <mask> Ickstadt, Maria Jäger-Jung, Marietta Krutisch, Gisela Sott, and Heinz Teuchert. He played a violin made by Sanctus Seraphin in Venice in 1730. Later life and death
Kottmann was especially committed to fight for the continuity of an independent Hoch Conservatory which was under discussion to be merged several times. In later life, he remained involved in supporting musical culture in the Rhine-Main area, of international young talents, of composers from Frankfurt, and the Frankfurt-based violin tradition of Carl Flesch. He was strictly dedicated to humanity and an artistic and social international exchange. <mask> died on 4 December 2021, at the age of 92. Initiatives
 1968 – Founder of the string ensemble
 1980 – Co-founder of the  concert series in Flörsheim
 1983 – Founder of International Days of Music Hesse Main-Taunus Hofheim in Hofheim
 1987 – Founder of the  concert series in Hanau
 1988 – Founder of the chamber orchestra Kottmann-Streicher
 2000 –

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texts:
 Founder of Paul Hindemith Prize for Art and Humanity of the City of Hanau
 2001 – Founder and patron of the Alois Kottmann Award for a "singing" way to play violin, in connection with the city of Frankfurt

Radio & TV
In collaboration with the Figuralchor Frankfurt directed by <mask> Ickstadt, the Collegium Instrumentale Alois Kottmann, and Kottmann as soloist participated in radio broadcasts for ARD.In 1985, Kottmann was involved in a TV production of ZDF named Passion und Leidenschaft, which also starred Adalbert Kraus and Ernst Gerold Schramm. Overseas tour
<mask> <mask> gave guest performances with his string ensemble Collegium Instrumentale Alois Kottmann in United Kingdom, the United States, and in Mexico. Honours
 Honorary professorship of the faculty of the arts of Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts
  (1999)
  (2000)
 Hessian Order of Merit (2002)
 German Federal Cross of Merit (2006)
 Badge of honor in gold from the city of Hofheim am Taunus (2014)

Publications

Discography
 Johann Sebastian Bach: Konzert a-Moll für Violine, Basso continuo und Streicher, Konzert E-Dur für Violine, Basso continuo und Streicher, Konzert d-Moll für zwei Violinen, Basso continuo und Streicher. Solisten: <mask> <mask> (vl), <mask> (vl), Basso continuo wird

masks:
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Alois
Kottmann
Alois
Kottmann
Boris Kottmann


texts: ausgeführt mit Theorbe. Melisma 7210-2, Oestrich-Winkel. Albert Mangelsdorff: Denk ich an Bosnien für Posaune und Streicher; Miniaturen für Violine und Posaune; Richard Rudolf Klein: Kontradiktion für Violine, Posaune und Streicher; Paul Hindemith: Sonate Nr. 2 für Violine solo.Solisten: Albert Mangelsdorff (trb), <mask> <mask> (vl), Bruno Suys (kb). Melisma 7239-2, Oestrich-Winkel. Joseph Haydn: Die sieben letzten Worte des Erlösers am Kreuz. Mit Zwischentexten von Peter Härtling. Rezitation Karlheinz Böhm. Melisma 7016-2, Oestrich-Winkel. Georg Friedrich Händel: Der Messias.Ausführende: Sharon Markovich (Sopran). Hildegard Laurich (Alt), Adalbert Kraus (Tenor), Ernst Gerold Schramm (Bass), Figuralchor des Hessischen Rundfunks, <mask> Ickstadt (Dirigent). Melisma 6046, Oestrich-Winkel. Paul Hindemith: Trauermusik für Violine und Streicher; Richard Rudolf Klein: Canto für Violine und Streicher; Edvard Grieg: Aus Holbergs Zeit op. 40; Edward Elgar: Serenade op. 20; Samuel Barber: Adagio for Strings. Melisma 7098-2, Oestrich-Winkel.Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy: Sinfonien Nr. 12 g-Moll und Nr. 9 c-Moll für Streichorchester. Melisma 7031-2, Oestrich-Winkel. Joseph Haydn: Konzert C-Dur für Violine und Streichorchester; Sinfonie Nr. 88 G-Dur Hob. I: 88.Soloist: <mask>

masks: Alois Kottmann Alois Alois


texts: <mask> (vl). Melisma 7262, Oestrich-Winkel. Joseph Haydn: Die Schöpfung. Oratorium für Soli, Chor und Orchester. Solisten: Dorothea Wirtz (Sopran), Adalbert Kraus (Tenor), Ernst Gerold Schramm (Bass), Figuralchor des Hessischen Rundfunks, Bläser des Frankfurter Opern- und Museumsorchesters, <mask> Ickstadt (Dirigent). Melisma 706, Oestrich-Winkel. Johann Sebastian Bach: Kantate Herz und Mund und Tat und Leben.BWV 147; Joseph Haydn: Missa in d-Moll in angustiis Hob. XXII:11 (Messe in der Bedrängnis, auch: Nelson-Messe). Ausführende: Ulrike Sonntag (Sopran), Alison Browner (Alt), Adalbert Kraus (Tenor), Ernst Gerold Schramm (Bass), Figuralchor des Hessischen Rundfunks, <mask> Ickstadt (Dirigent). Melisma 726, Oestrich-Winkel. Johann Sebastian Bach: Johannes-Passion BWV 245. Ausführende: Ulrike Sonntag (Sopran), Alison Browner (Alt), Adalbert Kraus (Tenor), Ernst Gerold Schramm (Bass), Figuralchor des Hessischen Rundfunks, <mask> Ickstadt (Dirigent). Melisma 7058, Oestrich-Winkel.Johann Sebastian Bach: Messe h-Moll BWV 232. Ausführende: Ulrike Sonntag (Sopran), Alison Browner (Alt), Adalbert Kraus (Tenor), Ernst Gerold Schramm (Bass), Figuralchor des Hessischen Rundfunks, Dirigent: <mask> Ickstadt. Melisma 7023-2, Oestrich-Winkel. Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy:

masks: Kottmann Alois Alois Alois Alois


texts: Konzert d-Moll für Violine und Streicher; Richard Rudolf Klein: Canto für Violine und Streicher; Johanna Senfter: Konzert für zwei Violinen und Streichorchester c-Moll. Solisten: <mask> <mask> (vl), <mask> (vl). Melisma 7248-2, Oestrich-Winkel. Ernest Bloch: Suite 1; Max Reger: Präludium und Fuge h-Moll op.117/1; Eugène Ysaÿe: Sonate d-Moll (Ballade) op. 27 Nr. 3; Igor Strawinsky: Élégie; Johann Sebastian Bach: Sonate C-Dur BWV 1005. Soloist: <mask> <mask> (vl). Melisma 7100-2, Oestrich-Winkel. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Sinfonie A-Dur KV 201. Soloist: <mask> <mask> (vl).Peter Härtling spricht Texte aus Hindemiths Bach-Rede aus dem Jahr 1950. Paul Hindemith: Trauermusik für Violine solo und Streicher; Duette für zwei Violinen. Solisten: <mask> <mask> (vl), <mask> (vl); Johann Sebastian Bach: Chaconne aus der Partita d-Moll für Violine solo, BWV 1004. Soloist: <mask> <mask>. Melisma 7099-2, Oestrich-Winkel. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Missa C-Dur KV 317 Krönungsmesse Regina coeli, KV 127; Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy: Herr Gott, du bist unsere Zuflucht / Um unsrer Sünden willen; Joseph Rheinberger: Abendlied, Op. 69/3.Solisten: Ulrike Sonntag (Sopran), Alison Browner (Alt), Adalbert Kraus (Tenor), Ernst Gerold Schramm (Bass), Figuralchor des Hessischen Rundfunks, <mask>

masks:
Alois
Kottmann
Boris Kottmann
Alois
Kottmann
Alois
Kottmann
Alois
Kottmann
Boris Kottmann
Alois
Kottmann
Alois


texts:
 Ickstadt (Dirigent). Melisma 7035, Oestrich-Winkel. Robert Schumann: Sonate a-Moll op. 105; Sonate d-Moll op. 121. Clara Schumann: Romanzen. Solisten: <mask> <mask> (vl), Günter Ludwig (p).Melisma 7101, Oestrich-Winkel. Johannes Brahms: Sonate Nr. 1 G-Dur op. 78; Sonate Nr. 2 A-Dur op. 100; Sonate Nr. 3 d-Moll op.108. Solisten: <mask> <mask> (vl), Günter Ludwig (p). Melisma 7102, Oestrich-Winkel. César Franck: Sonate A-Dur; Max Reger: Sonate Nr. 2 D-Dur op. 3. Solisten: <mask> <mask> (vl), Günter Ludwig (p).Melisma 7018, Oestrich-Winkel. Ferruccio Busoni: Sonate Nr. 2 c-Moll op. 36a; Gabriel Fauré: Sonate Nr. 1 A-Dur op. 13; Olivier Messiaen: Thème et variations. Solisten: <mask> <mask> (vl), Günter Ludwig (p).Melisma 7253, Oestrich-Winkel. Gallus-Konzerte in der Barockkirche zu Flörsheim am Main. Werke von Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Joseph Rheinberger u. a. Opus 27035. Cappella Wiesbaden 1989
 Gallus-Konzerte Flörsheim am Main. Werke von Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Dietrich Buxtehude, Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Johann Sebastian Bach, Joseph Haydn, Joseph Rheinberger u. a. Opus 27042. Cappella Wiesbaden 1990
 40 Jahre Collegium Instrumentale Alois Kottmann – Polyphonie. Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy: Violinkonzert d-Moll; Richard Rudolf

masks: Alois Kottmann Alois Kottmann Alois Kottmann Alois Kottmann


texts:
 Klein: Canto für Violine und Streichorchester; Johanna Senfter: Konzert für 2 Violinen und Streichorchester c-Moll''.Solisten: <mask> <mask> (vl), <mask> (vl). Melisma 6735519, Oestrich-Winkel. References

Further reading

External links
 Website of <mask> <mask> (English)

1929 births
2021 deaths
German classical musicians
German classical violinists
Male classical violinists
German male violinists
Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts faculty
Recipients of the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
21st-century classical violinists
21st-century German male musicians
Musicians from Hesse
People from

masks:
Alois
Kottmann
Boris Kottmann
Alois
Kottmann


texts:
<mask> (born March 8, 1977) is a Canadian transportation consultant and retired politician who served on Toronto City Council from 2003 to 2010, representing Ward 18 Davenport. Giambrone served as the chair of the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) from 2006 to 2010. Following his tenure on council, Giambrone now works in transportation consulting. As chair of the Toronto Transit Commission, Giambrone oversaw the largest expansion of bus service in Toronto. Giambrone secured over $8 billion for the Transit City project new funding to build light rail into areas of the city currently not served by rapid transit. An expansion of two subway lines also forms part of an overall $18 billion long-term expansion plan driven by Giambrone. He was the 2008 recipient of Now Magazine's "Best City Politician" award.Early life and education
Growing up in the Davenport area of Toronto, he first became active with the New Democratic Party in its youth wing at age 15. While attending Harbord Collegiate Institute in Toronto, he was active in the model UN club and took great interests in politics. While studying at McGill University in Montreal, he served as treasurer of the New Democratic Youth of Canada. At age 20, he ran for the NDP in the riding of Mount Royal in the 1997 federal election, in which he finished fifth out of six candidates. He graduated from McGill with a bachelor's degree in archaeology. At McGill, Giambrone ran for the position of vice-president finance of the Students' Society (undergraduate student union) and lost to fellow student Duncan Reid by a wide margin, but was later elected to the student council as one of three ad hoc councilors representing McGill's student clubs. Early political career
Returning to Toronto, he took up employment at the Royal Ontario Museum.He ran for Toronto City Council in the southern Davenport ward against Mario Silva in the 2000 municipal election, losing 6,037 to 3,338. Federal NDP President
At the federal NDP


texts:
 convention of 2001, Giambrone won a first two-year term as president of the party. He was a grassroots challenger to the "official slate" candidate customarily supported by the party brass, but the official slate candidate stood down in Giambrone's favour. The president of the NDP is the administrative chairperson of the party, chairing party conventions, councils and executive meetings. Giambrone was 24, and no younger person had ever become president (or leader) of a major Canadian party. He became a frequent guest on television and figure in the news, and travelled the country extensively speaking to New Democrats. Seeking re-election at the 2003 convention at which Jack Layton was elected party leader, Giambrone faced a strong challenge from respected New Brunswick NDP leader Elizabeth Weir.Midway through the convention, Giambrone and Weir decided to seek a co-presidency. Many delegates balked, especially at the assumption that they could push through a sudden constitutional change in a party often dearly concerned with internal process. The joint ticket was withdrawn, and Giambrone won a second term against Weir and a challenger from the NDP Socialist Caucus. He announced in the summer of 2006 that he would not seek a third term as federal NDP president. Anne McGrath was elected to succeed him at the party convention in Quebec City. Toronto Councillor
Giambrone continued his attempts to win the south Davenport seat on Toronto city council. When Silva left city council and was elected a federal Liberal Member of Parliament in Davenport in the 2004 federal election, Giambrone became a leading candidate to replace him in the 2003 municipal election.With the endorsements of the Toronto Star, Now Magazine, Bloor West Villager newspapers and councillors Joe Pantalone and Fred Dominelli, Giambrone defeated Ana Bailão, Silva's former assistant, by a 51-40 margin in a field of six candidates. As Vice-Chair of the Public Works and Infrastructure


texts:
 Committee, he helped develop solutions to Toronto's garbage challenges, and promoted recycling and organic collection. Giambrone worked with the Mayor to implement a multibillion-dollar road and water infrastructure upgrade program. Toronto Council unanimously approved a September 2007 motion to allow the Toronto Parking Authority to proceed with a plan to expropriate the Matador, a famed Toronto music hall and cultural landmark. After considerable media attention, an organised group of citizens, including noted author Michael Ondaatje and folk singer Sylvia Tyson, lobbied Giambrone to successfully reverse the expropriation. On May 7, 2009, Giambrone sent an email from his mobile phone, warning fellow councillor Cesar Palacio to "stop messing in my ward" or face "problems". Giambrone apologized for the "hastily composed" email when Palacio distributed copies to local media.Shortly after taking office, he was appointed as a commissioner of the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). He also served along with Greater Toronto Area mayors and regional chairs on the board of Metrolinx from its inception in 2006 until 2009. During the TTC workers' wildcat strike on May 29, 2006, Giambrone was prominent in the media representing the TTC's position as commission chair Howard Moscoe was out of town. After being re-elected in the 2006 municipal election, taking almost 67 per cent of the vote in his ward, Giambrone was elected as Chair of the Toronto Transit Commission on December 6, 2006. TTC Chairman
As chair of the TTC, Giambrone oversaw a large expansion of bus service in Toronto, which saw then-record ridership, and the launch of a new, improved TTC website  electronic service advisories, as well as next vehicle arrival information systems, and an affinity discount program for the Metropass. Some of these ideas were discussed at Transit Camp, a community consultation early in his term as chair. Giambrone also established the station modernization and station


texts: renaissance renewal programs for TTC subway stations, the latter in conjunction with the Toronto Community Foundation.Giambrone also started a program to install bicycle racks on all TTC buses. although naysayers complained that they were not worth the expense and seldom used. Giambrone together with Mayor David Miller unveiled Transit City, a $10 billion expansion of light rail into neighborhoods and areas not served by rapid transit, and reaching into the GTA. Transit City calls for 120 kilometres of electric light rail along seven new routes. Premier Dalton McGuinty announced funding for Transit City as a component of its MoveOntario 2020 plan on June 15, 2007. Transit City was also included in Metrolinx's "Big Move" funding plan when it was released on November 27, 2008. On April 24, 2009, Giambrone announced that the TTC had opted to replace its aging fleet of Canadian Light Rail Vehicles and Articulated Light Rail Vehicles with 204 new streetcars, procured competitively from Bombardier Transportation.New streetcars began to enter service in 2012. The deal, valued at more than $1.2 billion, called for the streetcars to be manufactured in Thunder Bay. Giambrone announced the launch of the TTC's Transit City Bus Plan on August 21, 2009. The plan took the 'network approach' of the Transit City Light Rail Plan and applied it to buses, creating a network of 10-minute service on 21 of its 139 bus routes which began in the fall of 2010. Giambrone appeared on CP24's monthly television show called On The Rocket in which he rides a streetcar and discusses daily transit operations, improvements, plans and concerns. In the wake of a sex scandal (see 2010 mayoral campaign), fellow councilor Brian Ashton called for Giambrone to resign as chairman of the TTC, which had been beset by bad publicity. Ashton said "The TTC is under serious assault around issues of customer relations and performance.The union is now fragmented from the management. I think his


texts:
 moral authority has been totally debased and undermined," said Ashton. "I think mentally he's going to be distracted by both his mayoralty bid and this sex scandal. His ability to come to terms with the TTC issues is tremendously weakened." He did not step down, but also did not seek re-election and so his term as TTC chair ended in December, 2010. 2010 mayoral campaign
Giambrone launched a campaign for Mayor of Toronto in the 2010 municipal election to succeed David Miller on February 1, 2010, ending it on February 10, 2010. Before Giambrone entered the race, two polls showed him in second place among declared mayoral candidates, though he also had a high unfavorability rating of 40 per cent.He remained a leading candidate until February 9, when the Toronto Star published an interview with undergraduate student Kristen Lucas, who revealed that she had a past sexual relationship with Giambrone, including acts in his city office. Giambrone apologized for an "inappropriate relationship" and admitted to intimate relationships with women other than his live-in partner, to whom he is now married. In the immediate wake of the revelations, Giambrone initially pledged to continue with his mayoral campaign, but announced his withdrawal the following day. Giambrone did not run for re-election to his council seat, and his executive assistant Kevin Beaulieu was defeated by Ana Bailão. Giambrone claimed French lessons as a city council expense, as he was Toronto's representative to the Francophone Association of Municipalities of Ontario and does interviews with francophone media. Scarborough—Guildwood provincial by-election
On July 5, 2013, Giambrone resigned as co-chair of the candidate search committee and announced his candidacy for the Ontario New Democratic Party's nomination for the August 1, 2013 provincial by-election in Scarborough—Guildwood; he won the nomination on July 7 over community activist Amarjeet Chhabra, reportedly by a margin of 18 to


texts:
 14. Giambrone's nomination was the subject of a threatened legal challenge by Chhabra who alleged that 12 of the 32 individuals who voted at the nomination meeting were not on party membership lists and may not have been entitled to vote according to party rules that require an individual to be a party member for 30 days and to live in the riding in order to be able to cast a ballot.Chabbra said she would not proceed with her attempt to force a new nomination meeting due to the tight time frame before the election. Giambrone came in third place with 28 per cent of the vote, an improvement of 9 per cent from the previous NDP candidate in the 2011 provincial election. Transportation career
He has been a transit consultant for clients such as the city of Milwaukee and the Société de transport de Montréal. In 2016, Mayor of New York City Bill de Blasio appointed Giambrone to head up the Brooklyn–Queens Connector (BQX) streetcar project. Giambrone has since left the BQX project to head up transportation infrastructure projects in Saudi Arabia. Personal life
Giambrone has participated in excavations in Sudan, Tunisia, Libya, Yemen, and Guatemala. He speaks English, French, and Arabic fluently.He is of Italian-American ancestry; his father moved to Canada to avoid the Vietnam War. Since leaving municipal politics, Giambrone has been a commentator and panelist on the Sun News Network and was a columnist for Now, an alternative weekly newspaper. Election results
Results for the 1997 federal campaign in the riding of Mount Royal:

|align="left" colspan=2|Liberal hold
|align="right"|Swing
|align="right"| -7.62

References

External links

Former City Councillor <mask>ne

1977 births
Canadian people of Italian descent
Canadian people of American descent
New Democratic Party candidates for the Canadian House of Commons
Living people
McGill University alumni
Toronto city councillors
Presidents of the New Democratic Party of Canada
Chairs of the Toronto Transit


texts:
<mask> (born November 1, 1987) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Miami Marlins of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the San Diego Padres, Houston Astros, Texas Rangers, Chicago Cubs, Seattle Mariners, and Toronto Blue Jays. <mask> has also played for the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He played college baseball at Wayne State University. Amateur career
<mask> attended Trenton High School in Trenton, Michigan, and Wayne State University, where he played college baseball for the Wayne State Warriors. As a junior at Wayne State, <mask> was named the 2008 Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference Pitcher of the Year. He was the highest MLB draft pick in Wayne State history.Professional career

San Diego Padres
<mask> was drafted by the San Diego Padres in the fifth round of the 2008 Major League Baseball Draft. He worked as a starting pitcher for the Single-A Fort Wayne TinCaps and Advanced-A Lake Elsinore Storm in 2009, and again for Lake Elsinore in 2010. He began 2011 with the Double-A San Antonio Missions, and although he made a single start for the Triple-A Tucson Padres in May, he was promoted to the big leagues from Double-A in June. <mask> made his major league debut on June 13, 2011, pitching a five-inning start and earning his first major league win. He struck out Seth Smith for his first Major League strikeout. He was optioned back to San Antonio the next day, but was recalled again in late June. <mask> stayed with the big league club for the remainder of the year, pitching out of the bullpen until making two more starts in late September.He finished 2011 with a 1.68 ERA in 48 innings and 24 strike-outs

masks:
Anthony Edward Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass


texts:
 versus 21 walks. <mask> started 2012 in the Padres bullpen, but was added to the starting rotation on April 12 when Dustin Moseley injured his shoulder. <mask> made 14 starts for the club until he went on the disabled list in June with shoulder inflammation. He rejoined the club in September, working out of the bullpen after making three rehab starts with Tucson. <mask> finished 2012 with a 2-8 record and a 4.73 ERA in 97 innings, with 80 strike-outs against 39 walks. Houston Astros
On December 11, 2013, <mask>, along with a player to be named later or cash considerations, was traded to the Houston Astros for a player to be named later or cash considerations. The Astros sent Patrick Schuster to the Padres the next day.<mask> spent the 2014 season split between the Astros and the team's Class AAA affiliate, the Oklahoma City RedHawks. He appeared in 21 major league games and earned two saves. He was outrighted off the Astros roster on November 20, 2014. On December 6, <mask> elected free agency. Texas Rangers
<mask> signed a minor league deal with the Texas Rangers on December 11, 2014. <mask> split time between the AAA level and the Majors, used mainly as a reliever. In 33 games for the Rangers, he compiled a 4.50 ERA in 64 innings.Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters
After the 2015 season, the Rangers traded <mask> and Leonys Martín to the Seattle Mariners for Tom Wilhelmsen, James Jones, and a player to be named later (Patrick Kivlehan). <mask> was released by the Mariners on January 7, 2016 and signed with the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters on January 8. March 30, 2016, <mask> made his NPB debut. <mask> earned three wins during the 2016 Japan Series to lead the Fighters to victory in the championship series,

masks: Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass


texts:
 including the fourth win for the team to clinch the team's fifth championship. Second stint with Rangers
<mask> signed a minor league deal with the Texas Rangers in February 2017. Chicago Cubs
On December 20, 2017, <mask> signed a minor league contract with the Chicago Cubs. <mask> was called up to the majors by the Cubs on June 11, 2018 after compiling a 2.28 ERA across 23.2 innings with the Triple-A Iowa Cubs.<mask> immediately saw action as he pitched the final inning of a 7-2 11 inning victory over the Milwaukee Brewers. He was outrighted to AAA on August 12, 2018, and elected free agency on October 11. Cincinnati Reds
On December 30, 2018, <mask> signed a minor league contract with the Cincinnati Reds. He was released on March 25, 2019. <mask> re-signed to another minor league contract on March 28, 2019. He opened the 2019 season with the Louisville Bats. On May 21, he was released by the Reds after exercising an opt-out clause in his contract.Seattle Mariners
On May 21, 2019, <mask> signed a major league contract with the Seattle Mariners. Toronto Blue Jays
On October 29, 2019, the Toronto Blue Jays claimed <mask> off waivers from the Mariners. He signed a one-year contract worth $1.5 million with the team on December 3, 2019 in order to avoid arbitration. On July 24, 2020, <mask> made his Blue Jays debut. With the 2020 Toronto Blue Jays, <mask> appeared in 26 games, compiling a 2-3 record with 3.51 ERA and 21 strikeouts in 25.2 innings pitched. Miami Marlins
On January 22, 2021, <mask> signed a 2-year, $5MM deal with the Miami Marlins that includes a team option in 2023. In April 2021, <mask> was the pitcher during an extremely rare walk-off hit by pitch to lose a game against the New York


texts:
 Mets.With the bases loaded and the score tied in the bottom of the ninth inning, batter Michael Conforto's elbow was grazed by <mask>'s pitch, albeit on a clear strike where camera footage seemed to show Conforto recklessly extending his elbow into the pitch. The HBP call was controversial, with umpire Ron Kulpa saying after the game he felt his own call was in error after reviewing the footage, and Conforto should have been charged with a strike due to an insufficient attempt to avoid <mask>'s pitch. Personal life
On August 1, 2016, <mask> married Sydney Rae James, sister of country singer Jessie James and sister in-law of Eric Decker in a private ceremony. On January 27, 2017, they renewed their wedding vows in the presence of their family and friends. Their daughter Brooklyn Rae was born prematurely on September 4, 2017. They adopted another daughter, Blaire Victoria in October 2020. <mask> has a brother and two sisters.His parents are Ed and <mask>. References

External links

1987 births
Living people
American expatriate baseball players in Japan
Baseball players from Michigan
Chicago Cubs players
Eugene Emeralds players
Fort Wayne TinCaps players
Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters players
Houston Astros players
Iowa Cubs players
Lake Elsinore Storm players
Louisville Bats players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Miami Marlins players
Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers
Oklahoma City RedHawks players
People from Trenton, Michigan
Peoria Javelinas players
Portland Beavers players
Quad Cities River Bandits players
Round Rock Express players
San Antonio Missions players
San Diego Padres players
Seattle Mariners players
Texas Rangers players
Toronto Blue Jays players
Tucson Padres players
Wayne State Warriors

masks:
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Linda Bass


texts:
<mask> (October 24, 1930 – October 18, 2021) was an American voice actor, comedian, and radio personality. He provided voice-overs for animation and video games. <mask> had voiced characters in shows by Hasbro and Hanna-Barbera such as Super Friends, The Transformers and G.I. Joe and was involved in numerous productions by Disney and Pixar. Before becoming involved with voiceover work, <mask> was initially a disc jockey for radio stations, namely KMPC and KFI. The day of his death, October 18, a piece of lost 1980s paraphernalia that contained his voice as the lead role, being the U.S. dub of TUGS, was discovered. Biography
<mask> was born on October 24, 1930 in Modesto, California, the second child of <mask>, a Greek immigrant, and Lucille (née Parsons).He graduated from San Francisco State University in 1957, and at the same time, he was hired as a disc jockey for a California radio station and decided to focus on a career in radio programs. A decade later, he had become one of the most popular radio personalities with his radio programs being heard on stations KMPC and KFI, Los Angeles. In the early years of his career, he also landed roles in stage productions at The Actor's Ring and the Portland Civic Theater. It was during his broadcasting career that he began experimenting with voiceovers he would produce for clients; while at KMPC, <mask>'s demo ended up in the hands of Gary Owens, who already had made his own inroads as an animation voiceover actor and forwarded <mask>'s demo tape to his agent. After almost 20 years in radio, <mask> shifted to voice acting on a full-time basis.

masks:
Jack Angel
Angel
Angel
Angel
John Angel
Angel
Angel
Angel


texts: <mask>'s first jobs in the voice-over industry came in the mid-1970s, voice acting on the series Super Friends, in which he played Hawkman, The Flash and Super Samurai, including  The All-New Super Friends Hour,  Challenge of the Super Friends,  Super Friends,  The Legendary Super Powers Show and Super Powers Team: Galactic Guardians. During that time, he made guest appearances in Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo and The Smurfs.In the second season of the Transformers series (1985), <mask> was the voice of Astrotrain, Smokescreen, Ramjet, and Omega Supreme, and he reprised the roles of Ramjet and Astrotrain in The Transformers: The Movie (1986). In the third and fourth seasons of The Transformers (1986-1987), <mask> voiced Ultra Magnus (who had been played by Robert Stack in The Transformers: The Movie) and in the fourth season he voiced Cyclonus following the death of Roger C. Carmel. He also lent his voice to the character Dr. Zachary Darret in the 1984 CBS animated series Pole Position, and also voiced Wet Suit on Sunbow's G.I. Joe and several characters on Dino-Riders. In 1995, he was the voice of Nikki in the animated film Balto. He played the SWATbots on Sonic the Hedgehog, The Liquidator on Darkwing Duck, and Nick Fury on Spider-Man: The Animated series. In 2001, <mask> was the voice of "Teddy" in the movie A.I.Artificial Intelligence. He provided voices for animated films such as A Bug's Life, Monsters, Inc., Ice Age: The Meltdown, Cars, Horton Hears a Who, The Prince of Egypt, The Iron Giant, and Aladdin. <mask> has also ventured into video games, narrating the cult hit Killer7 as well

masks: Angel Angel Angel Angel Angel


texts:
 as playing Wonkers the Watilla in Dreamfall: The Longest Journey, The Mayor in Ratchet & Clank, and Ammand the Corsair in the video game version of Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End. In 2002, shortly after the death of Gene Moss, <mask> voiced Smokey the Bear in a few public service announcements and radio spots until 2012. In 2007, he voiced an alien called Technorg on Ben 10. He also voiced Papa Smurf in the 2011 special, The Smurfs: A Christmas Carol and the 2013 special, The Smurfs: The Legend of Smurfy Hollow. Nickelodeon
<mask> did some voice work in Animated shows for Nickelodeon in the 2000s.His roles include:
Superintendent Chaplin in Hey Arnold!. MacTavish in the second part of the episode "Sir Nigel" in The Wild Thornberrys
The Pirate Captain on the episode of Avatar: The Last Airbender titled "The Waterbending Scroll". The  Weathered One on an episode of My Life as a Teenage Robot titled "Weapons of Mass Distraction". Comrade Chaos on El Tigre: The Adventures of Manny Rivera in the episode "Old Money". He provided "additional voices" in Toy Story and Toy Story 2, and the voice of Chunk in Toy Story 3. He also provided additional voices for Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo, The Dukes, Snorks, Dino-Riders, The Smurfs, Asterix and the Big Fight, The Little Mermaid, DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp, Land of Enchantment, Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire, Aladdin, Hercules, Mulan, Tarzan, The Iron Giant, Monsters, Inc., The Lorax, Monsters University and Despicable Me 2. His uncredited voice roles include Rock in the 2014 American biblical epic film Noah and an

masks:
Jack Angel
Angel


texts:
 Egyptian in the 1998 animated film The Prince of Egypt.Personal life
<mask> was married twice. He and his first wife, <mask>, divorced in 1980. Together they had three children. He married talent agent/owner Arlene Thornton in 1984. They lived in Studio City and Malibu, California. <mask> died on October 18, 2021, at the age of 90, six days before his 91st birthday. Filmography

Animated films

Animated series

 Mork & Mindy: The Animated Series - Additional voices
 The Dukes — Additional voices
 Snorks — Additional voices
 Saber Rider and the Star Sheriffs — Additional voices (English dub)
 Denver, the Last Dinosaur — Prof. Chin
 Dino-Riders — Additional voices
 Blondie and Dagwood — Mr. Beasley and Herb Woodley
 Kid 'n Play – Additional voices
 The Wizard of Oz (TV series) – Additional voices
 Space Cats — Additional voices
 Where's Waldo?– Additional voices
 ProStars – Additional voices
 The Legend of Prince Valiant — Additional voices
 Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire - Additional voices
 The New Adventures of Captain Planet — Additional voices
 The Fantastic Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor — Additional voices
 All-New Dennis the Menace — Additional voices
 Sonic Underground — Gondar

Video games

Live action films — Voice
 Deal of the Century — Announcer
 Funny Lady — Radio Announcer
 The World's Greatest Lover — Voice on Record
 Trenchcoat — Head Kidnapper
 Joey (film) — Fletcher the Dummy
 Beetlejuice — Voice of The Preacher
 Hook — Pirates (ADR)
 Mom and Dad Save the World — Creature Voice (uncredited)
 Ticks — (ADR)
 The Fifth Element — Alien Commander
 Vendetta — Old Gaspare

masks:
Angel
Barbara Angel
Death Angel


texts:
<mask> (died 1726) was a Scottish journalist, who wrote in the Whig interest. Life
He was brought up by his mother at Cockburnspath, Berwickshire, until he went to Edinburgh University. In 1681, he was tutor, or servant, at Edinburgh to the sons of a Mr. Gray, and took an active part in the burning of the Pope in effigy by the students; the clerk to the council wrote that <mask> was not then a boy. He was kept in irons for some days, and was charged with threatening to burn the provost's house, but after five weeks' imprisonment he was banished from Scotland. He went to London to seek a livelihood by his pen. Soon after the Glorious Revolution he was an active London journalist. In 1696, <mask> was acting as a sort of spy on the bishop of Glasgow and on Dr. Alexander Monro.The name <mask> is among those who graduated at Edinburgh in 1699. <mask> conducted the Whig journal the Flying Post or Postman which, according to John Dunton, sold well. It was established in 1695. On 4 September 1712 William Hurt was arrested for printing in the paper scandalous and seditious reflections on Queen Anne and the government. On the 8th <mask> was committed to Newgate Prison for being the author of three libels in the Observator, to which he became a contributor in succession to John Tutchin in 1712, and in the Flying Post; but he was released on bail. On 23 October <mask> and Hurt appeared in the court of Queen's Bench, and were continued on their recognisances. Jonathan Swift complained about bail being allowed for the "Scotch rogue" <mask>, who continued to write when at liberty.On 19 February 1713 <mask> was tried at the London Guildhall. The trial was to a large extent a party matter, and <mask>'s counsel were Sergeant Pratt, Sir Peter King, and

masks:
George Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
George Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath


texts: Messrs. Nicholas Lechmere, St. Leger, Fortescue, and Spencer Cowper. A collection had been made on <mask>'s behalf, and Whigs were told that unless they subscribed two guineas they would not be admitted to be members of the party. After a hearing of eight hours, the jury found <mask> guilty of two of the libels, and sentence was postponed. On 1 May his recognisances of £600 were estreated, because he had failed to appear, in accordance with an order made on 27 April, and on the 25th a reward of £100 was offered by Henry Bolingbroke for his discovery; but without result: <mask> had fled to Scotland, and then to Holland. In <mask>'s absence the Flying Post was carried on by Stephen Whatley, under his general directions. In 1714 it was found that the printer, Hurt, had dealings with Daniel Defoe, Ridpath's rival journalist, and the Flying Post was taken out of his hands.Defoe came to Hurt's assistance, and on 27 July published, through Hurt, a rival newspaper, The Flying Post and Medley. <mask> by now lived at Rotterdam, but early in 1714 feared arrest. After the accession of <mask>, <mask> returned to England, and was made one of the patentees for serving the commissioners of the customs in Scotland with stationery wares. The Flying Post still attacked the Tories, and <mask> made slanderous charges against Nathaniel Mist and others. In 1722 <mask> was secretary to a lottery at Harburg-Wilhelmsburg in Hanover, with a trading company. The king denied having sanctioned the lottery, and a committee of the House of Commons examined <mask> in December and January 1723. Most of the company's money had been lost in the South Sea Company, and a bill was introduced to suppress the lottery.In February, the trustees announced, through <mask>, that

masks:
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
George I
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath


texts:
 they would return all tickets on application. After this date <mask> avoided old friends; it was alleged he had married two wives at the same time, and after his death Lord Grange repeated this report, adding that it was said that <mask> had joined with the Arians and non-subscribers, and slighted those who once supported him. <mask> died on 5 February 1726, the same day as his old antagonist Abel Roper. He left all his estate to his wife, <mask>, daughter of <mask>. His only son had died in 1706. <mask>'s papers fell into the hands of Dr. James Fraser, one of Wodrow's correspondents. Works
In 1687, <mask> published a new method of shorthand, Shorthand yet Shorter, with a dedication to Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton, under whose roof the book had been written, while <mask> was a servant there.The author also undertook to give lessons. A second edition of his manual appeared in 1696. In 1693, writing under the name of Will Laick, he made an attack on the episcopal party in Scotland in An Answer to the Scotch Presbyterian Eloquence, and A Continuation of the Answer. These were attacked in Dr. Alexander Monro's Apology for the Clergy of Scotland, and The Spirit of Calumny and Slander examined, chastised, and exposed, in a letter to a malicious libeller. More particularly addressed to Mr. <mask>, newsmonger, near St. Martins-in-the-Fields. He replied in The Scots Episcopal Innocence, 1694, and The Queries and Protestation of the Scots episcopal clergy against the authority of the Presbyterian General Assemblies, 1694. In 1695, <mask> published, with a dedication to James Johnston, a translation of a Latin work De hominio disputatio adversus eos qui Scotiam feudum ligium Angliae, regemque Scotorum eo nomine hominium Anglo debere asserunt

masks:
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
Esther Ridpath
George Markland
Ridpath
Ridpath
Ridpath
George Ridpath
Ridpath


texts: from 1605 of Sir Thomas Craig, as Scotland's Sovereignty asserted; being a dispute concerning Homage, and in 1698 he translated N. de Souligné's Political Mischiefs of Popery.In A Dialogue between Jack and Will, concerning the Lord Mayor's going to meeting-houses with the sword carried before him, 1697, he defended Sir Humphry Edwin, a presbyterian lord mayor; and this was followed in 1699 by A Rowland for an Oliver, or a sharp rebuke to a saucy Levite. In answer to a sermon preached by Edward Oliver, M.A., before Sir Humphry Edwin. By a Lover of Unity. A book called The Stage Condemned, in support of Jeremy Collier's Short View of the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stage, appeared in September 1698, and the author of a reply, The Stage Acquitted, says it was by Mr. R[idpa]th, the formidable author of a scandalous newspaper, and the wretched retailer of mad Prynne's enthusiastic cant. <mask>'s Scotland's Grievances relating to Darien, humbly offered to the consideration of the Parliament, 1700, contained remarks about a foreign yoke. Next year came his The Great Reasons and Interests considered anent the Spanish Monarchy, and in 1702 A Discourse upon the Union of England and Scotland. By a lover of his country, in which <mask> opposed a union.In 1703 he printed The Case of Scotsmen residing in England and in the English Plantations, and An Historical Account of the ancient Rights and Power of the Parliament of Scotland. These were followed by An Account of the Proceedings of the Parliament of Scotland, 1703, 1704, and The reducing of Scotland by Arms … considered, 1705. According to one of the replies to this last pamphlet, its author and publisher were bound over to appear at the queen's bench bar. In 1706 <mask> wrote

masks: Ridpath Ridpath Ridpath


texts: Considerations upon the Union of the two Kingdoms, and was answered in Sir John Clerk's Letter to a Friend, giving an Account how the Treaty of Union has been received here. With Remarks upon what has been written by Mr. H[odges] and Mr. R[idpath], a piece which has been erroneously attributed to Defoe. In 1704–5, <mask> assisted James Anderson, who was then preparing his Historical Essay showing that the Crown and Kingdom of Scotland is Imperial and Independent; and in 1705, he commenced a correspondence with the Rev. Robert Wodrow, chiefly on the subject of the union and the episcopal church in Scotland.The Scots' Representations to Her Majesty, against setting up the Common Prayer-Book in Scotland, 1711, was written, according to a note in the copy in the Advocates' Library, by <mask>, William Carstares, and Defoe. Another piece attributed to <mask> is The Oath of Abjuration considered, Edinburgh, 1712. He was also employed in correcting Captain Woodes Rogers's Voyage; assisted in writing the periodical History of the Works of the Learned; invented the "Polygraphy", a writing-engine, moved by the foot, by which six or more copies could be written at once; contributed to the Medley in 1712; and was in constant strife with the Tory Post Boy, published by Abel Roper. John Dunton, an admirer, described his style as excellent. In 1713, <mask> wrote Some Thoughts concerning the Peace, and the Thanksgiving appointed by authority to be observed for it; and certain observations on the address of the Highlanders to Queen Anne, which he complained was signed only by ten, four of whom were Catholics, called forth The Honourable Chieftains of the Highland Clans vindicated from the false Aspersions and scurrilous Reflections thrown upon them by

masks: Ridpath Ridpath Ridpath Ridpath


texts:
 <mask>, the scandalous and justly condemned Libeller, Edinburgh, 1713. In 1714, he published a book called Parliamentary Right maintained, or the Hanover Succession justified, in answer to Hilkiah Bedford's Hereditary Right to the Crown of England asserted. His letters to the English minister at The Hague give an account of the difficulties in getting this work circulated (Stowe MSS.).Copies were sent by various ships to different ports in England; but many were lost or thrown overboard by the captains, or were returned because no one dared receive them. He had political correspondence with persons in Scotland, and in April he wrote The New Project examined, or the Design of the Faction to deprive the Hanover Family of the power to name Lord Justices anatomised, but it is doubtful whether this pamphlet was printed. In 1717 he was giving Wodrow advice in the preparation of the History of the Sufferings of the Church of Scotland, and was himself proposing to write a continuation of <mask>'s Scotch History. In 1719, when he was living in Greville Street, Holborn, he published An Appeal to the Word of God for the Trinity in Unity. Alexander Pope wrote (Dunciad, i. 208):

To Dulness <mask> is as dear as Mist. According to Wodrow, the dedication to the Lower House of Convocation, prefixed to the collected edition of the Independent Whig, 1721, is by <mask>.It is an attack on the unscriptural claims of the clergy, who are charged with teaching the need of giving endowments rather than plain morality and religion. Publications
 Shorthand yet Shorter (1st edn, 1687). Discourse upon the Union of Scotland and England … by a Lover of his Country (1702). References

Attribution

Year of birth missing
1726 deaths
Scottish journalists
Alumni of the

masks:
Ridpath
George Buchanan
Ridpath
Ridpath


texts:
<mask> (or Mair; also known in Latin as <mask> and Haddingtonus Scotus; 1467–1550) was a Scottish philosopher, theologian, and historian who was much admired in his day and was an acknowledged influence on all the great thinkers of the time. A renowned teacher, his works were much collected and frequently republished across Europe. His "sane conservatism" and his sceptical, logical approach to the study of texts such as Aristotle or the Bible were less prized in the subsequent age of humanism, when a more committed and linguistic/literary approach prevailed. His influence in logic (especially the analysis of terms), science (impetus and infinitesimals), politics (placing the people over kings), Church (councils over Popes), and international law (establishing the human rights of "savages" conquered by the Spanish) can be traced across the centuries and appear decidedly modern, and it is only in the modern age that he is not routinely dismissed as a scholastic. His Latin style did not help – he thought that "it is of more moment to understand aright, and clearly to lay down the truth of any matter than to use eloquent language". Nevertheless, it is to his writings, including their dedications, that we owe much of our knowledge of the everyday facts of <mask>'s life – for example his "shortness of stature". He was an extremely curious and very observant man, and used his experiences – of earthquakes in Paisley, thunder in Glasgow, storms at sea, eating oatcakes in northern England – to illustrate the more abstract parts of his logical writings.Life

School
<mask> (or

masks:
John Major
Joannes Majoris
Major
John Major


texts:
 'Mair') was born about 1467 at Gleghornie, near North Berwick where he received his early education. It was at nearby Haddington, East Lothian, Scotland, where he attended grammar school. He was probably taught by the town schoolmaster George Litsar, who was, according to <mask> "although a circumspect man in other ways, more severe than was just in beating boys". If it had not been for the influence of his mother, <mask> says he would have left, but he and his brother stayed on and were successful. According to him, Haddington was "the town which fostered the beginning of my studies, and in whose kindly embrace I was nourished as a novice with the sweetest milk of the art of grammar". He says he stayed in Haddington "to a pretty advanced age" and he remembers the sound of the King James III's bombardment of the nearby castle of Dunbar, which was in 1479. He also remembers the comet which was supposed to have foretold the King's defeat at Sauchieburn which was in 1488.However, it was in 1490, he reports, that he "first left the paternal hearth". In 1490, probably under the influence of Robert Cockburn, another Haddington man, destined to be an influential bishop (of Ross and later of Dunkeld), he decided to go to Paris to study among the great numbers of Scots there at the time. University
It is not known whether he attended university in Scotland as a student – there are no matriculation records of him and he claimed never to have seen the university town of St Andrews, Fife as a young man (though he did complain later of its bad beer). He seems to have decided to

masks: Major Major


texts: prepare for Paris at Cambridge in England. He says that in 1492 he attended "Gods House", which later became Christ's College. He remembers the bells – "on great feast days, I spent half the night listening to them" – but was obviously well-prepared, as he left for Paris after three terms. In 1493 he matriculated in the University of Paris, France, then the foremost University in Europe.He studied at the Collège Sainte-Barbe and took his Bachelor of Arts degree there in 1495 followed by his master's degree in 1496. There were many currents of thought in Paris but he was heavily influenced, as were fellow Scots such as Lawrence of Lindores by the nominalist and empiricist approach of <mask>dan. (The latter's influence on Copernicus and Galileo can be traced through <mask>s published works). He became a student master ('regent') in Arts in the Collège de Montaigu in 1496 and began the study of theology under the formidable Jan Standonck. He consorted with scholars of later renown, some from his hometown, Robert Walterston, and his home country (David Cranston of Glasgow, who died in 1512), but mostly they were the luminaries of the age, including Erasmus, whose reforming enthusiasms he shared, Rabelais and Reginald Pole. In the winter of 1497 he had a serious illness, from which he never completely recovered. He had never had dreams before, but ever afterwards he was troubled by dreams, migraine, colic and "excessive sleepiness" (he was always hard to awaken).In 1499, he moved to the College of Navarre. In 1501, he received his degree of Bachelor of Sacred Theology and

masks:
John Buri
Major


texts:
 in 1505 his logical writings were collected and published for the first time. In 1506 he was licensed to teach theology and was awarded the degree of Doctor of Sacred Theology on 11 November that year (coming 3rd in the listings). He taught at the Collège de Montaigu (where he was, temporarily joint Director) and also the prestigious Sorbonne, where he served on many commissions. Later career
In 1510 he discussed the moral and legal questions arising from the Spanish discovery of America. He claimed that the natives had political and property rights that could not be invaded, at least not without compensation. He also uses the new discoveries to argue for the possibility of innovation in all knowledge saying "Has not Amerigo Vespucci discovered lands unknown to Ptolemy, Pliny and other geographers up to the present?Why cannot the same happen in other spheres?" At the same time, he was impatient of humanist criticism of the logical analysis of texts (including the Bible). "...these questions which the humanists think futile, are like a ladder for the intelligence to rise towards the Bible" (which he elsewhere, perhaps unwisely called "the easier parts of theology"). Nevertheless, in 1512, like a good humanist, he learned Greek from Girolamo Aleandro (who re-introduced the study of Greek to Paris) who wrote "Many scholastics are to be found in France who are keen students in different kinds of knowledge and several of these are among my faithful hearers, such as <mask>, Doctor of Philosophy..."

In 1518 he returned to Scotland to become Principal of the University of


texts:
 Glasgow (and also canon of the cathedral, vicar of Dunlop and Treasurer of the Chapel Royal). He returned to Paris several times – by sea one time, getting delayed in Dieppe for three weeks by a storm; and by land another time, having dinner en route through England with his friend, Cardinal Wolsey. He offered <mask> a post, which he declined, in his new college at the University of Oxford, to be called Cardinal's College, (later Christ Church, Oxford). In 1528, King Francis I of France issued <mask> with a patent of naturalisation, making him a naturalised subject of France.In 1533 he was made Provost of St Salvator's College in the University of St Andrews – to which thronged many of the most significant men in Scotland, including <mask> and George Buchanan. He missed Paris – "When I was in Scotland, I often thought how I would go back to Paris and give lectures as I used to and hear disputations". He died in 1550 (perhaps on 1 May), his works read throughout Europe, his name honoured everywhere, just as the storms of the Reformation were about to sweep away, at least in his own country, any respect for his centuries-old methodology. Some publications by <mask>
Heinrich Totting von Oytha's abbreviation of Adam de Wodeham's Oxford Lectures, edited by <mask>, Paris 1512. Lectures in logic (Lyons 1516)
Reportata Parisiensia by Duns Scotus co-edited by <mask>, Paris 1517–18
Commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard (In Libros Sententiarum primum et secundum commentarium) Paris 1519
History of Greater Britain (Historia majoris Britanniae, tam Angliae quam Scotiae)

masks:
Major
Major
John Knox
John Major
Major
Major


texts:
 Paris 1521
De Gestis Scotorum Paris 1521
Commentary on Aristotle's physical and ethical writings Paris 1526
Quaestiones logicales Paris 1528
Commentary on the Four Gospels Paris 1528
Disputationes de Potestate Papae et Concilii (Paris)
Commentary on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (his last book)

Influence

Historians
His De Gestis Scotorum (Paris, 1521) was partly a patriotic attempt to raise the profile of his native country, but was also an attempt to clear away myth and fable, basing his history on evidence. In this, he was following in the footsteps of his predecessor, the Chronicler Andrew of Wyntoun, though writing in Latin for a European audience as opposed to the Scots Andrew wrote for his aristocratic Scots patrons. Although the documentary evidence available to <mask> was limited, his scholarly approach was adopted and improved by later historians of Scotland, including his pupil Hector Boece, and <mask>.Calvin and Loyola
In 1506 he was awarded a doctorate in theology by Paris where he began to teach and progress through the hierarchy, becoming for a brief period Rector. (Some 18 of his fellow Scots had held or were to hold this prestigious position). He was a renowned logician and philosopher. He is reported to have been a very clear and forceful lecturer, attracting students from all over Europe. In contrast, he had a rather dry, some said 'barbaric', written Latin style. He was referred to by Pierre Bayle as writing "in stylo Sorbonico", not meaning this as a compliment. His interests ranged across the burning issues of the day.His approach largely

masks:
Major
John Lesley


texts: followed Nominalism which was in tune with the growing emphasis on the absolutely unconstrained nature of God, which in turn emphasised his grace and the importance of individual belief and submission. His humanist approach was in tune with the return to the texts in the original languages of the Scriptures and classical authors. He emphasised that authority lay with the whole church and not with the Pope. Similarly, he asserted that authority in a kingdom lay not with the king but with the people, who could retake their power from a delinquent king (a striking echo of the ringing Declaration of Arbroath 1320 confirming to the Pope the independence of the Scottish crown from that of England). It is not surprising that he emphasised the natural freedom of human beings. His influence extended through enthusiastic pupils to the leading thinkers of the day but most obviously to a group of Spanish thinkers, including Antonio Coronel, who taught <mask> and very probably Ignatius of Loyola. In 1522, at Salamanca, Domingo de San Juan referred to him as "the revered master, <mask>r, a man celebrated the world over".The Salamanca school of (largely Thomist) philosophers was a brilliant flowering of thought until the early parts of the seventeenth century. It included Francisco de Vitoria, Cano, de Domingo de Soto and Bartolomé de Medina, each one thorough soaked in Mairian enthusiasms. <mask> wrote in his Commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard "Our native soil attracts us with a secret and inexpressible sweetness and does not permit us to forget it". He returned to

masks:
John Calvin
John Mai
Knox Major


texts:
 Scotland in 1518. Given his success and experience in Paris, it is no surprise that he became the Principal of the University of Glasgow. In 1523 left for the University of St Andrews where he was assessor to the Dean of Arts. In 1525 he went again to Paris from where he returned in 1531 eventually to become Provost of St Salvator's College, St Andrews until his death in 1550, aged about eighty three.One of his most notable students was <mask> (coincidentally, another native of Haddington) who said of <mask> that he was such as "whose work was then held as an oracle on the matters of religion" If this is not exactly a ringing endorsement, it is not hard to see in Knox's preaching an intense version of <mask>'s enthusiasms – the utter freedom of God, the importance of the Bible, scepticism of earthly authority. It might be more surprising that <mask> preferred to follow his friend Erasmus's example and remain within the Roman Catholic Church (though he did envisage a national church for Scotland). <mask> also filled with enthusiasm other Scottish Reformers including the Protestant martyr Patrick Hamilton and the Latin stylist George Buchanan, whose enthusiasm for witty Latinisms had him waspishly suggesting that the only thing major about his ex-teacher was his surname – typical Renaissance disdain for the Schoolmen. Empiricism
<mask> and his circle were interested in the structures of language – spoken, written and 'mental'. This latter was the language which underlies the thoughts that are expressed in natural languages, like Scots, English or Latin. He attacks a

masks:
John Knox
Major
Major
Major
Major
Major


texts:
 whole range of questions from a generally 'nominalist' perspective – a form of philosophical discourse whose tradition derives from the high Middle Ages and was to continue into that of the Scottish and other European empiricists. According to Alexander Broadie, <mask>'s influence on this latter tradition reached as far as the 18th and 19th century Scottish School of Common Sense initiated by Thomas Reid.The highly logical and technical approach of Medieval philosophy – perhaps added to by <mask>'s poor written style as well as his adherence to the Catholic party at the time of the Reformation – explain in some part why this influence is still somewhat occluded. Human rights
More obviously influential was his moral philosophy, not primarily because of his casuistry – an approach acknowledging the complexity of individual cases. This was later so strong in Jesuit teaching, possibly related to the <mask>'s renown in Spain mentioned above. His legal views were also influential. His Commentaries on the Sentences of Peter Lombard was most certainly studied and quoted in the debates at Burgos in 1512, by Frày Anton Montesino, a graduate of Salamanca. This "debate unique in the history of empires", as Hugh Thomas calls it, resulted in the recognition in Spanish law of the indigenous populations of America as being free human beings with all the rights (to liberty and property, for example) attached to them. This pronouncement was hedged in with many subtle qualifications, and the Spanish crown was never efficient at enforcing it, but it can be regarded as the fount of human

masks: Major Major Major


texts:
 rights law.See also
 Jean Buridan
 John Cantius
 Empiricism
 Henry of Oyta
 Scottish School of Common Sense
 Thomas Reid
 Adam de Wodeham
 David Cranston (philosopher)

Notes

References
 Broadie, A  The Circle of <mask>r: Logic and Logicians in Pre-Reformation Scotland, Oxford 1985
 Broadie, A The Tradition of Scottish Philosophy Edinburgh 1990 Polygon
 A Companion to the Theology of <mask>, ed. <mask>. Slotemaker, Leiden: Brill, 2015. Conciliarism and Papalism, ed. J. H. Burns and Thomas M. Izbicki, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. (Includes Mair's defense of conciliar supremacy.) Durkan, J "New light on <mask>r",  Innes Review, Edinburgh, Vol, IV, 1954
 <mask>, John  A history of Greater Britain, as well England as Scotland; translated from the original Latin and edited with notes by Archibald Constable, to which is prefixed a life of the author by Aeneas J.G. Mackay.Edinburgh University Press for the Scottish History Society, (1892). Renaudet, Augustin, Préréforme et Humanisme à Paris pendant les premières guerres d'Italie (1494-1516) Bibliothèque de l'Institut français de Florence (Université de Grenobles 1st series Volume VI)''' Édouard Champion Paris 1916
 Thomas, H Rivers of Gold: the Rise of the Spanish Empire London 2003 Weidenfeld and Nicolson

Further reading
 "Heinrich Totting von Oyta" (in German)
 Wallace, W A   Prelude to Galileo – essays on medieval and sixteenth-century sources of Galileo's thought. (Page 64 et seq)  Springer Science and Business Dordrecht, Holland 1981
Alexander Broadie, "<mask>," The Dictionary of Literary

masks:
John Mai
John Mair
John T
John Mai
Major
John Mair


texts:
 Biography, Volume 281: British Rhetoricians and Logicians, 1500–1660, Second Series, Detroit: Gale, 2003, pp. 178–187. <mask>n, "<mask>: After 400 Years," Innes Review, vol. 1, 1950, pp. 131–139.Ricardo García Villoslada, "Un teologo olvidado: Juan Mair", Estudios eclesiásticos 15 (1936), 83–118;
 Ricardo García Villoslada, La Universidad de París durante los estudios de Francisco de Vitoria (1507–1522) (Roma, 1938), 127–164;
 J.H. Burns, "New Light on <mask>", Innes Review 5 (1954), 83–100;
 T.F. Torrance, "La philosophie et la théologie de Jean Mair ou <mask>, de Haddington (1469–1550)", Archives de philosophie 32 (1969), 531–576;
 Mauricio Beuchot, "El primer planteamiento teologico-politico-juridico sobre la conquista de América: <mask>r", La ciencia tomista 103 (1976), 213–230;
 Joël Biard, "La logique de l'infini chez Jean Mair", Les Etudes philosophiques 1986, 329–348; & Joël Biard, "La toute-puissance divine dans le Commentaire des Sentences de Jean Mair", in Potentia Dei. L'onnipotenza divina nel pensiero dei secoli XVI e XVII, ed. Guido Canziani / Miguel A. Granada / Yves Charles Zarka (Milano, 2000), 25–41. <mask>. Slotemaker and Jeffrey C. Witt (2015), edd., A Companion to the Theology of <mask>r, Boston:  Brill. External links
   A site with an extensive bibliography of primary and secondary source
Significant Scots - John Mair

 Major, John - Scholasticon.fr - a database on Medieval scholars

1467 births
1550 deaths
15th-century philosophers
16th-century philosophers
Alumni of Christ's College, Cambridge
Catholic philosophers
People from East

masks:
John Durka
John Major
John Major
Major
John Mai
John T
John Mai


texts:
 Lothian
People from Haddington, East Lothian
Scholastic philosophers
Latin commentators on Aristotle
Scottish philosophers
British Christian theologians
Scottish scholars and academics
Principals of the University of Glasgow
University of Paris alumni
Academics of the University of St Andrews
University of Paris faculty
15th-century Scottish people
16th-century Scottish people
Scottish historians
16th-century Latin-language


texts:
<mask> (born October 3, 1989) is an American football linebacker who is a free agent. He played college football for Texas State. He was signed by the Atlanta Falcons as an undrafted free agent in 2013. Early life
<mask> was born in Seattle, Washington on October 3, 1989 to Esther Sando. His mother was seven months pregnant when she immigrated from Monrovia, Liberia, to get a better education for herself and family. The name "<mask>" comes from a Liberian warrior, meaning "strength". At the age of one, <mask> moved from Seattle, Washington to Prairie View, Texas, located just outside the Houston area.<mask> grew up in a low-income neighborhood with his two brothers and three sisters. At the age of 8, his mother registered <mask> and his older brother, Wellington, to play Pop Warner Football. <mask> did not attend a single game. Instead, he went to all of Wellington's games and watched as his older brother became a local star of the league. The following season <mask>, now understanding football, became one of the most talented little league players in Waller County. High school
As a freshman, at 5'6" and 135 lbs, <mask> started off on freshmen B-Team for Waller High School. After a couple games, he moved up and started as a running back on the freshmen A-Team.During the summer of his freshmen year, <mask> grew over six inches, becoming a standout hybrid wide receiver while playing free-safety for the Waller Bulldogs varsity squad. In his senior year, he helped lead the team to the Texas State Playoffs where they made Waller History by advancing past the 3rd round, previously set by his brother's 2004 class. Eventually, they lost a nail-biter in the State-Quarterfinals with a 10-4 record

masks:
Joplo Johnny Bartu
Bartu
Joplo
Joplo
Bartu
Joplo
Joplo
Joplo
Bartu
Joplo


texts:
 under coach Jim Phillips. Being recruited by many Division I schools across the U.S, <mask> opted to follow his brother footsteps by committing to Texas State University. College career
At Texas State, <mask> was a four-year starter that was recruited as a free safety out of high school. However, <mask> was switched to linebacker after he gained over 20 pounds during his redshirt year. He was moved to defensive end for half of his senior year.When <mask> moved back to linebacker halfway through the season, he posted 62 tackles in four games. In his final collegiate game,  <mask> finished with 17 tackles, 8 tackles for loss, 4 sacks and a forced fumble for a touchdown against New Mexico State. His performance earned him National Player of the Week by collegefootballperformance.com and he received All-WAC honors. Professional career
In his rookie season, <mask> and fellow undrafted rookie Paul Worrilow started at linebacker due to the injuries of Sean Weatherspoon and Kroy Biermann. He recorded 96 tackles and 3.5 sacks. He was nicknamed "High Top Jop" by Sean Weatherspoon on the 1st episode of "D-Block" in 2013, because of his Kid 'n Play style haircut. Atlanta Falcons

2013 season
<mask> saw action in all 16 games with 13 starts during his rookie season.Ranked third on the team with 96 total tackles (53 solo) while tying for the club lead with seven tackles for loss. Also added 3.5 sacks and one pass defense. His 3.5 sacks are the second most by an undrafted rookie in team history trailing Buddy Moor, who tallied four sacks in 1987 (sacks became an official stat in 1982). Led all NFL undrafted rookies with 3.5 sacks in 2013. Saw action in his first NFL game against the Saints where the

masks: Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu


texts: Atlanta defense totaled 77 tackles and 7 tackles for loss at New Orleans. Saw extensive action for the first time in his career and delivered with eight tackles (six solo), two tackles for loss, one pass defended, and one quarterback hit against St. Louis (9/15). Had his first career start in the NFL against the dolphins and posted 6 tackles (1 solo), one quarterback hit, one pass break up and teamed up with Akeem Dent for a sack in the fourth quarter at Miami (9/22).Notched the first full sack of his career when he brought down Smith for a three-yard loss. <mask> split one sack with LB Akeem Dent at Miami in Week 3. <mask> finished the game with six tackles (three solo) with one tackle for loss and one sack against the Jets (10/7). Led the defense with 13 total tackles (eight solo) and two quarterback hits. <mask> and DE Jonathan Massaquoi combined for a five-yard sack on QB Mike Glennon against Tampa Bay (10/20). DT Peria Jerry and <mask> combined to bring down QB Carson Palmer for a nine-yard loss, giving the Falcons their third consecutive game with three-or-more sacks. Also added six tackles (four solo).Finished the game with six tackles (one solo), including an eight-yard sack of QB Russell Wilson against Seattle (11/10). He ranks second on the team with 3.5 sacks and has recorded at least one half-sack in four of the last five games. Additionally, <mask> leads all undrafted rookie defenders in the NFL with 3.5 sacks. Stated for the defense and finished the game with two tackles (two solo) against Buffalo (12/1). Credited with five tackles (four solo) against the Packers at Green Bay (12/8). Credited with six tackles (three solo) and one quarterback hit against the Redskins (12/15).

masks: Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu


texts:
 <mask> had one of the best games of his young career, collaring 11 total tackles (10 solo) with one tackle for loss and one quarterback hit at San Francisco (12/23).At the conclusion of the 2013 season, <mask> was ranked as the #1 undrafted free agent rookie of the 2013 Draft Class by Bleacher Report. 2014 season
In <mask>'s second season he played all 16 games logging 83 combined tackles, 47 tackles solo and 36 assisted. He also had one sack and two fumble recoveries. 2015 season
On November 27, 2015 <mask> was waived by the Falcons to make room for place kicker Shayne Graham. Jacksonville Jaguars
On December 7, 2015, <mask> signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars. On August 29, 2016, <mask> was waived by the Jaguars. Arizona Cardinals
On September 28, 2016, <mask> was signed by the Cardinals.He was released with an injury settlement by the Cardinals on November 22, 2016. Personal life
<mask> is the middle child of 5 siblings: Precious (oldest sister), Wellington (older brother), Bindu (younger sister), Lawrence (younger brother) and Lula (youngest sister). In October 2013, <mask> was told that his mother was sick and had 3 months to live. On December 29, 2013, <mask>'s mother passed away from breast cancer. His mother would text the verses Psalms 18:1-3 every Sunday morning before each game. He now has the verses tattooed on his arm in her honor. References

External links
Atlanta Falcons bio
Texas State Bobcats bio

1989 births
Living people
Players of American football from Texas
American football linebackers
Texas State Bobcats football players
Atlanta Falcons players
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Arizona Cardinals players
People from Prairie View, Texas
Players of American football from

masks: Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu Bartu Joplo Bartu Bartu


texts:
<mask> (born January 9, 1980) is a former American football quarterback who played 15 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Minnesota Vikings as an undrafted free agent in 2002. He played college football at Maryland. <mask> also played for the Amsterdam Admirals, San Francisco 49ers, Detroit Lions, and St. Louis Rams. Early years
<mask> attended Parsons Senior High School in Parsons, Kansas, where he was a three-year starter at quarterback and 2-year starter at free safety on the high school football team. He was a two-time All-Southeast Kansas League 1st-team selection and an honorable mention All-State as a senior. In addition to football, <mask> also lettered in basketball, track and baseball.As a team captain in hoops, he was a three-time All-SEK 1st-team choice and earned All-State honors 3 consecutive years while guiding Parsons to the state tournament as a sophomore and senior. He played all five positions at times for the small school program, and set career marks for assists, steals, blocks, and 3-point field goals. In track & field, he ran sprints (100m, 200m, 4 × 100 m, 4 × 400 m) as a junior and senior and even qualified for the state championships in three events during his final year. He played as a shortstop and pitcher in baseball, and was a second team All-conference pick as a sophomore. College career
<mask> was not highly recruited out of high school. Nearby Pittsburg State University offered him a scholarship as a punter, not a quarterback. Because of this, <mask> elected to spend two years at Hutchinson Community College.While there, <mask> beat out five players to start at QB for both years, earning honorable mention All-American honors as a freshman and sophomore. His junior college success garnered him Division I attention, and he eventually decided to attend college at University of Maryland. While serving primarily as a backup as a junior, he led the Maryland Terrapins to their first Atlantic Coast Conference title since 1985 as a senior in 2001. They earned a trip to the 2002 Orange Bowl and

masks:
Shaun Christopher Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill


texts:
 finished the year ranked #10 in the country. He finished his Maryland career with 3,158 yards and 19 touchdowns. Maryland statistics

Source:

Professional career

Minnesota Vikings
<mask> was not considered an NFL prospect, was not invited to the 2002 NFL Scouting Combine, and, went undrafted in the 2002 NFL Draft. He ended up signing as a free agent with the Minnesota Vikings, where he spent the season as a 3rd-string backup.He took his first career snaps for the Vikings on the final two plays of the 2005 NFL season, taking a knee both times. Amsterdam Admirals
In order to get more experience, <mask> spent the spring of 2003 with the Amsterdam Admirals of NFL Europe, where he led the league in passing yards and tied for second in touchdowns. San Francisco 49ers
<mask> entered the 2006 NFL preseason third on the San Francisco 49ers depth chart, behind Trent Dilfer and Alex Smith. He went 15/23 (65.2%) for 162 yards, no touchdowns and one interception. He spent the 2006 regular season on the sidelines, taking no snaps. <mask> completed 13 of 20 passes for 148 yards with one interception in the San Francisco 49ers' 17-13 preseason opening loss to the Denver Broncos on August 16, 2007. He demonstrated great pocket mobility but had difficulty in the red zone, throwing one interception in his first drive and then nearly throwing an interception at almost exactly the same place the second time down the field.In the last game of the 2007 preseason against the San Diego Chargers, <mask> attempted to put the 49ers in field goal range to tie the game. With 16 seconds left on the clock, he threw two deep balls to his wide receivers but both missed their targets, and the second was intercepted, ending the game with the Chargers ahead, 16–13. <mask> made his 49ers regular-season debut on December 9, 2007, after Trent Dilfer suffered a severe concussion. He completed 22 of 27 pass attempts for 181 yards and one touchdown in a loss to his former team, the Minnesota Vikings. <mask> was critical of his performance, adding, "There [are] a lot of things I need to get

masks: Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill


texts: better at. Some of that is about getting comfortable playing again. Some things made me want to throw up.Some things, the execution was poor but the results were good on my part. Some things I got away with. The results were better than my execution." Since Dilfer's injury was serious enough to sideline him for the rest of the season, <mask> made his first NFL start on December 15, 2007 in a victory against the Cincinnati Bengals. <mask> completed 21 of 28 pass attempts for 197 yards, ran for a touchdown and threw a touchdown. <mask> was set to be the starter for the remainder of the 2007 season. On December 18, 2007, the 49ers announced that they had an interest in re-signing <mask>, to provide competition against Alex Smith.However, the contract extension, along with its negotiations, were dependent on <mask>'s performance for the rest of the season. On December 23, 2007, <mask> made his second career start, against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He completed 11 of 24 pass attempts for 123 yards and three touchdown passes, to Darrell Jackson, fellow former Terrapin Vernon Davis, and Frank Gore. The 49ers won 21-19. <mask> suffered a back injury during the week 16 game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, when rookie Gaines Adams hit him after a throw, drawing a 15-yard personal foul. As a result, <mask> was unable to play in week 17 against the Cleveland Browns. Chris Weinke played in his place.In February 2008, <mask> signed a new 3-year contract with the 49ers, with contractual terms not released to the media. The undrafted <mask> competed for the starting job against Alex Smith and J. T. O'Sullivan in training camp and the 2008 preseason. O'Sullivan ended up getting the job and <mask> became the primary backup after Smith was put on injured reserve early in the season. <mask> did not play until 49ers interim head coach Mike Singletary took over on October 27. After J. T. O'Sullivan committed his second turnover against the Seattle Seahawks that was returned for a touchdown, he was pulled from the lineup and <mask> replaced him with solid output: 15 of 23

masks: Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill


texts: for 173 yards with one touchdown to <mask> and no turnovers, but he could not rescue the 49ers, who lost 34–13. Despite the loss, <mask> was named as Singletary's no. 1 QB for the remainder of the 2008 season.His 2008 starting debut was in week 10, on Monday Night Football against the Arizona Cardinals. Shortly after the Seahawks game, reports surfaced that Nolan and offensive coordinator Mike Martz allegedly made up stories about <mask> having a tired arm in the preseason so that O'Sullivan, who played for Martz when he was offensive coordinator of the Detroit Lions, would win the starting job without a real challenge. On Monday Night Football against the heavily favored Arizona Cardinals, <mask> delivered a solid performance in the first half. <mask> completed a 31-yard touchdown to Josh Morgan to put the 49ers up 14-3, and then struck later with a 20-yard touchdown to Vernon Davis shortly before half-time. However, in the second half, <mask> threw an interception at a critically bad time to give the Cardinals the 24-29 lead. <mask> also threw a second interception on an attempted shovel pass at the Arizona 20-yard line. Despite this, <mask> drove the 49ers down the field twice, the first with 3:39, and the second with only 1:04 left on the game clock.<mask>'s last pass of the game was a completion to <mask> to bring the 49ers to the Arizona goal line. Unfortunately, the 49ers were unable to score the game-winning touchdown. Coincidentally, on Monday Night Football of the 2007 season against the Cardinals, the 49ers drove to the goal line in a similar fashion, and were able to get the game-winning touchdown. During week 11 of the 2008 NFL season, <mask> broke his career single-game passing record in yards, in a 35-16 victory over the St. Louis Rams by throwing for 213 yards and 2 touchdowns and running for a third. He was awarded NFC Offensive Player of the Week for his performance. In week 12, <mask> got his first 300-yard passing game in a loss to the Dallas Cowboys. <mask> delivered an impressive come-back performance in Week 16 against the St.

masks:
Jason Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Jason Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill


texts: Louis Rams.After throwing three interceptions in the first three quarters, 49ers coaches Mike Singletary and Mike Martz were preparing to bench <mask> for J. T. O'Sullivan. <mask> convinced his coach to leave him in the game and then led the 49ers on an 80-yard drive, finishing with a touchdown pass to Isaac Bruce for his 1000th career reception. Now down 16-10 and under three minutes left on the clock, <mask> got the ball back and completed a 48-yard touchdown pass to Josh Morgan. The 49ers defense intercepted Marc Bulger ending any chance of a Rams comeback and capping <mask>'s first big late-game rally win. In a week 17 thriller against the Washington Redskins, <mask> was showing difficulty, throwing an interception in the first half and no touchdowns. However, in the fourth quarter, <mask> took the lead by completing a 9-yard touchdown pass to <mask>. Later, with the game tied at 24-24, <mask> drove down the field with one minute left on the game clock to set up a game-winning Joe Nedney field goal.With the victory, <mask> improved to a 5-3 record on the season, and a 7-3 record as a starter all time. He finished the season with 13 passing touchdowns, 2 rushing touchdowns, 8 interceptions, 2,046 passing yards, and an 87.5 quarterback rating in 9 games (8 as a starter). 49ers head coach Mike Singletary had stated that <mask> would be the starting quarterback going into training camp in 2009 but would compete with former number-one overall draft pick Alex Smith for the regular season starting job. <mask> was named the starter for the 49ers preseason opener versus the Denver Broncos, where he would throw only two passes, completing both. On August 25, <mask> was named the 49ers' starting quarterback for the regular season, defending his starting title over Smith. <mask> made his season-opening debut on September 13 against the Arizona Cardinals. <mask> made a fourth-quarter touchdown pass to Frank Gore to win the game 20-16.With the win, <mask> improved to 8-3 as a starter. The following week against the Seattle Seahawks, <mask> completed 19 of 26

masks:
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Jason Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill


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 passes for 144 yards and also ran once for 17 yards. The 49ers won 23-10, and <mask> would continue his undefeated streak of six home victories. After a 35-0 drubbing of St. Louis, he extended it to 7-0. Arguably, one of <mask>'s best games came in week 3 on the road against the undefeated Minnesota Vikings. <mask> was 15/25, for 195 yards, with two touchdowns, and one interception in the game. <mask> led the 49ers to a lead near the end of the game, but Brett Favre ultimately threw a 30-yard touchdown pass with two seconds left to win for the Vikings.After a scoreless first half in the game against the Houston Texans in week 7, Singletary benched <mask> and put Alex Smith into the game. Smith rallied the 49ers with three touchdowns to bring the score from 0-21 to 21-24. Although the 49ers lost the game, the comeback earned Smith the starting quarterback position in the next game against the Indianapolis Colts on November 1. <mask> served as Smith's backup for the rest of the season. Detroit Lions

<mask> was traded to the Detroit Lions in exchange for a seventh round draft pick in 2011 on March 14, 2010. The Lions signed him to a one-year contract on July 12, 2010. He entered the Lions first game of the 2010 season when starter Matthew Stafford was injured.<mask> threw 9 completions on 19 attempts with 88 yards and one interception leading Detroit to within the 30-yard line with under 30 seconds to go. <mask> threw what seemed to be the game-winning touchdown but was later ruled incomplete by a technicality in the NFL rule book, which is now being referred to as the "Calvin Johnson Rule". He was injured while filling in for the injured Matthew Stafford October 17, 2010, against the New York Giants. The Lions announced that he had suffered a fracture of his left (non-throwing) forearm. <mask> capped the season with victories against the Miami Dolphins and Minnesota Vikings, and the Lions finished 6–10. He has since become known as one of the better backup quarterbacks in the NFL, performing well during his appearances. St. Louis Rams

He signed a

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 one-year deal with the St. Louis Rams on March 26, 2014.Following a season-ending ACL injury to starter Sam Bradford in a preseason game on August 23, 2014, <mask> was named the new starter by coach Jeff Fisher. However, in Week 2, <mask> was replaced by Austin Davis to be the starter. After a bad performance against the Arizona Cardinals in late November, Davis was benched again in favor of <mask>. <mask> finished the 2014 season with 1,657 passing yards, 8 touchdowns, 7 interceptions, and an 83.9 quarterback rating in 9 games with 8 starts. Minnesota Vikings (second stint)
On March 10, 2015, <mask> signed with the Minnesota Vikings. In Week 9 against the St. Louis Rams, Teddy Bridgewater left the game in the second half with a concussion. <mask> took over for the rest of the game, which the Vikings won 21-18 in overtime.After Bridgewater was placed on injured reserve during the 2016 offseason, <mask> was selected to start Week 1 of the 2016 season over Sam Bradford, who the Vikings traded for after Bridgewater's injury. <mask> completed 18 of 33 passes for 236 yards with no touchdowns or interceptions in the 25-16 win against the Tennessee Titans. NFL career statistics

Source:

NFL Europe records
 Most completions thrown in a single season: 220

Personal life
<mask> was a kinesiology major at Maryland. He participated in several Viking Children's Fund events and has supported the Muscular Dystrophy Association. He joined former Vikings Head Coach Mike Tice as a former Terrapin quarterback and was teammates at Maryland with former Vikings linebacker E.J. Henderson. <mask> kept a weekly journal chronicling his adventures in Europe for fans on his former team's website, Vikings.com.References

External links

Minnesota Vikings bio
Detroit Lions bio

1980 births
Living people
People from Parsons, Kansas
Players of American football from Kansas
American football quarterbacks
Hutchinson Blue Dragons football players
Maryland Terrapins football players
Amsterdam Admirals players
Minnesota Vikings players
San Francisco 49ers players
Detroit Lions