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 on <mask>’s efforts, for the last 20 years, the battle to stop the proliferation of fakes has waged. Lawyers, doctors, <mask>’s friends, apprentice and estate, as well as leading native art scholars, government workers and many others, including musician Kevin Hearn of the Barenaked Ladies, have tried to help in <mask>’s battle by exposing the existence of a fraud ring manufacturing fake <mask> paintings. The 2019 documentary film There Are No Fakes, directed by Jamie Kastner, helped to bring this issue into the public view. Recently in 2019, after hearing testimony from people inside the fraud ring itself, the Ontario Superior and Appeal courts recognized the existence of that fraud. The courts also found that the Maslak-McLeod Gallery, a vendor of works attributed to <mask>, had acted fraudulently. :

“The (previous lower court) trial judge erred in failing to find that the Gallery’s provision of a valid provenance statement was a term of the purchase and a warranty, not mere puffery,” the new appeal decision states. Mr. McLeod’s assertion that the painting was genuine was only matched by his elusiveness in demonstrating that fact, which can only be explained as deliberate,” said the appeal panel.“With respect to the provenance statement, Mr. McLeod made a false representation, either knowing that it was false and without an honest belief in its truth, or he made the statement recklessly without caring whether it was true or false, with the intent that Mr. Hearn would rely upon it, which he did, to his personal loss.”
Gallery owner Joseph McLeod is no longer alive; McLeod’s estate has been ordered to pay Hearn $50,000 for breach of contract and breach of the Sale of Goods Act, plus punitive damages of $10,000." The debate concerning the authenticity of the "70s paintings" commonly found in the marketplace, continues with ongoing litigation. Law enforcement have launched an active investigation into the <mask> Morrisseau art fraud as

masks: Morrisseau Morrisseau Morrisseau Morrisseau Morrisseau Norval


type: original

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 confirmed by the National Post:

"However, police in Thunder Bay say they have now launched a criminal investigation into a possible art fraud ring involving <mask> paintings. Spokesman Scott Paradis said Friday investigators are “not prepared to speak about potential suspects or persons of interest.” "The criminal investigation is one of several major developments to take place after what’s shown in the film, which ends with the outcome of the lawsuit." <mask> <mask>: Life & Work. Toronto: Art Canada Institute, 2016. <mask> <mask>, Legends of my People, The Great Ojibway, McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Toronto, 1977,
 Jack Pollock, Lister Sinclair, "The Art of <mask> Morrisseau", Methuen & Co., USA, 1979, .<mask> <mask>, Donald C. Robinson, Travels to the House of Invention, Key Porter Books Ltd, Canada, 1997, . Basil H. Johnston, The Art of <mask> <mask>, The Writings of Basil H. Johnston, The Glenbow Museum, Calgary, 1999. <mask> <mask>, Donald C. Robinson, Return to the House of Invention, Key Porter Books Ltd, Canada, 2005, . Greg Hill, <mask> <mask>: Shaman Artist, Douglas & McIntyre, Canada, 2006, . Marie Clements, "Copper Thunderbird", Talonbooks, Canada, 2007, . External links
 Boston Globe Obituary: <mask> <mask>, was native artist of Canada
 Canadian Encyclopedia
Life and Work by Carmen Robertson (Art Canada Institute)
 There Are No Fakes: A Documentary by Jamie Kastner
Paul and Mary Okanski fonds at the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
Nancy Robinson Villarroel fonds at the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario

1932 births
2007 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Neurological disease deaths in Ontario
Members of the Order of Canada
Ojibwe people
People from Thunder Bay District
First Nations painters
Artists from Ontario
Members of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts
20th-century First Nations painters
Woodlands style
Indspire Awards
LGBT artists from Canada
LGBT First Nations people
Canadian male painters
20th-century

masks: Morrisseau Norval Morrisseau Norval Morrisseau Norval Norval Morrisseau Norval Morrisseau Norval Morrisseau Norval Morrisseau Norval Morrisseau


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<mask> (15 October 1824 – 20 July 1909), full name <mask>, was a Danish physician and malacologist. He worked in Copenhagen. As a doctor his speciality was sexually transmitted diseases. In Copenhagen a hospital and a street are named after him. <mask> was also an active malacologist, i.e. a zoologist who studies molluscs, in particular the nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropods. He had well over 90 publications in this field and took part in a scientific expedition to Indonesia.He named and described numerous species of nudibranchs. Biography
<mask> was born in Copenhagen. His father was chief physician in the army Ludvig Anton Berg (1793–1853). His mother was Anne Sophie Kirstine (maiden name Pedersen). <mask> graduated from the Det von Westenske Institut in 1842, and received his medical degree in 1849. Dr. <mask> became an attending physician at what was then Almindeligt Hospital, the general hospital in Amaliegade, Copenhagen, in 1863. He worked in the department of skin diseases and venereal diseases.In 1886, he moved from there to Vestre Hospital, where he worked until 1903. <mask> died in 1909. One year after his death, Vestre Hospital was renamed Rudolph Bergh Hospital in honor of his memory. At that hospital, anyone who wished to could be tested for sexually transmitted diseases, and get

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Rudolph Bergh
Ludvig Sophus Rudolph Bergh
Bergh
Rudolph Bergh
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Rudolph Bergh
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 advice on safe sex and birth control without any change and while retaining their anonymity. In 2000, some of these functions were transferred to Bispebjerg Hospital. There is a bust of <mask> in Copenhagen, in front of the eponymous "Rudolph Bergh's Hospital", on Tietgensgade. The bust was a gift from his colleagues and stood for years in his home.After his death <mask>'s widow donated it to the hospital. <mask> was awarded a knighthood of the Third Class Order (Ridder af Dannebrog) of Order of the Dannebrog and also the Dannebrogordenens Hæderstegn (Cross of Honour of the Order of the Dannebrog). In Copenhagen there is a street named in honor of him: <mask> Gade (in English: <mask>'s Street) in Ydre Østerbro. His son <mask> <mask> (September 22, 1859 - December 7, 1924) was a zoologist and a composer. As a physician
His medical specialization was sexually transmitted diseases. Among the many texts that <mask> wrote was About Tattoos in the public woman, which was published in the Hospital Journal in 1891. The work is about connections between prostitution, crime and tattoos.The article seems antiquated today and should not be taken as the sole expression of <mask>h great efforts to improve public health and in particular reduce the harmful effects of sexually transmitted diseases. <mask> was also one

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Rudolph Bergh
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 of the editors of the hospital magazine Hospitalstidende, where he published nearly all of his over 50 medical articles. Bergh R. (1891). "Om Tatoveringer hos de offentlige Fruentimmer". (in English: About Tattoos in the public woman) Særtryk af "Hospitals-Tidende". Copenhagen. As a zoologist
<mask> started to study molluscs when he was nearly 30, probably under the influence of Japetus Steenstrup, a Danish biologist who was 11 years older than he was and who was a professor of zoology at the University of Copenhagen.He wrote reports of the Challenger expedition (1884) and the Albatross expedition (1894). He took part in the examination of species that were collected during the "Siboga Expedition". Bergh became the world's leading expert on nudibranchs. He wrote his main malacological works as well as over 90 malacological articles and papers. Among other notable works are his work about the anatomy of the radula of the genus Conus (1896). His malacological drawing are considered to be "excellent". He was mainly anatomist and reached great progress in systematics based on anatomy of nervous system and of reproductive system of gastropods.Bergh was very active in naming and describing species of nudibranchs and other sea slugs. The species he named include:
 Armina semperi (Bergh, 1861)
 Chromodoris


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 annae Bergh, 1877
 Chromodoris dalli (Bergh, 1879)
 Chromodoris elisabethina (Bergh, 1877)
 Chromodoris morchii Bergh, 1879
 Chromodoris punctilucens Bergh, 1890
 Thuridilla lineolata Bergh, 1905
 Phyllodesmium briareum (Bergh, 1896)
 Phyllodesmium longicirrum (Bergh, 1905)

The nudibranch genus Berghia was named after him by Salvatore Trinchese in 1877. His colleague and friend was German ethnologist and animal ecologist Carl Semper. See also
 Paul Mayer (zoologist)
 Jean Paul Louis Pelseneer
 Mattheus Marinus Schepman
 Edgar Albert Smith

Bibliography
  Bergh R. (1858). Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Coniden. Nova Acta der Ksl. Leop.-Carol.Deutschen Akademie der Naturforschen, Halle. Band 65, number 2, 214 pp., 13 tables. <mask> R. (1870). Malacologische Untersuchungen. In: C.G. Semper, Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen, Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Band 2, Heft 1: 1-30, Pls.1-8. <mask> L. S. R. (1877). Malacologische Untersuchungen. In: Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen von Dr. Carl Gottfried Semper. Zweiter Theil. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Band 2, Theil 2, Heft 11, pp.429–494, pls. 54-57. Bergh L. S. R. (1879). Neue Chromodoriden. Malakozool. Blatt, N. E 1 : 87-116; pt. 3 (31 March 1879)
 Bergh L. S. R. (1879).On the nudibranchiate gasteropod Mollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with special

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 reference to those of Alaska. Part I. Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Philadelphia 31: 71-132; pl. 1-8 (10 May 1879)
 Bergh L. S. R. (1879). On the nudibranchiate gasteropod Mollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with special reference to those of Alaska.Part 1. Sci. Results Explor. Alaska 1: 127-188; pl. 9-16
 Bergh L. S. R. (1879). Gattungen nordische Doriden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 45(1): 340-369, pl.19. <mask> L. S. R. (1880). On the nudibranchiate gasteropod Mollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with special reference to those of Alaska. Part 2. Sci. Results Explor. Alaska 2: 189-276; pl.1-8 (10 May 1879)
 Bergh, L. S. R.  (1881). Malacologische Untersuchungen. In: Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen von Dr. Carl Gottfried Semper. Zweiter Theil. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Band 2, Theil 4, Heft 2, pp. 79–128, pls.G, H, J-L.
 <mask>, R. (1890). "Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico (1877-78) and in the Caribbean Sea (1879-80), by the U. S. Coast Survey Steamer “Blake”, Lieut.-Commander C. D. Sigsbee, U.S.N., and Commander J. R. Bartlett, U.S.N., commanding. Report on the nudibranchs". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 19(3): 155-181, 3 pls. <mask>, L. S. R.  (1892). Malacologische Untersuchungen. In: Reisen im Archipel der

masks: Bergh Bergh Bergh


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 Philippinen von Dr. Carl Gottfried Semper.Zweiter Theil. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Band 2, Theil 3, Heft 18, pp. 995–1165. <mask>, R. (1898). Die Opisthobranchier der Sammlung Plate. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Supplement 4(3): 481-582, pl.28-33. <mask>, R. (1905). Die Opisthobranchia. Siboga Expedition Monograph 50: 1-248. Plates 1-20. <mask>, R. (1908). The Opisthobranchiata of South Africa.Marine investigations in South Africa. Cape Town. 5: 1-144. including 14 plates. (From the Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society 12.) References
This article incorporates Creative Commons (CC-BY-SA) text from Danish Wikipedia from 5 January 2010. Further reading
 Petersen J. & Colin J.(1888). "<mask>, Ludvig Sophus Rudolf, f. 1824". Dansk Biografisk Leksikon, tillige omfattende Norge for tidsrummet 1537-1814, Kjøbenhavn. 2: 113-115. Dall W. H. (1909). "<mask> Sophus <mask>". Science 30(766): 304.Vayssière A. (1910). "Nécrologie. <mask>". Journal de Conchyliologie 58(1): 110-119. (include portrait and signature)
 Winckworth R. (1946). "On <mask>’s Malacologische Untersuchungen".Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 27(1): 20-22. Burn R. (1978). "Publication dates of <mask>’s 1879 papers describing American chromodorids". The Veliger 20(3): 198-299. Jensen K. R. (2006). "The type

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Bergh
Bergh
Bergh
Ludwig Rudolph
Bergh
Rudolph Bergh
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 collection of specimens described by <mask> and housed in the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen". 72nd Annual Meeting of the American Malacological Society, Abstracts and Program: 52.(abstract)

External links

 A list of those of his publications which include Western Atlantic sea slugs

Danish venereologists
Danish malacologists

1824 births
1909


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<mask> (born January 13, 1968) is an American academic of Indian descent. She was appointed the first-ever Special Representative to Muslim Communities in June 2009 by Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton. The position was made specifically for her after she briefed Secretary Clinton about her work in the Bush Administration. She had the rare distinction of being a political appointee for two Republican presidents and President Obama. When she was the Special Representative she traveled to almost 100 countries. After serving under both Secretaries Clinton and John Kerry, she left government. She said she came to Washington after 9/11 again and wanted to serve – she left after more than a decade in public service.She worked at USAID and then went to the National Security Council and then the U.S. Department of State. When she left in 2014, she returned to her home state of Massachusetts. <mask> Pandith is a senior fellow with the Future of Diplomacy Project at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School. Before that she had been a Spring fellow at the Institute of Politics. Right after leaving government she began working with the London-based Institute for Strategic Dialogue from outside of government. She is currently the Head of Strategy for ISD. She is an adjunct senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations.Book
<mask> Pandith is the author of How We Win: How Cutting-Edge Entrepreneurs, Political Visionaries, Enlightened Business Leaders and Social Media Mavens Can Defeat the Extremist Threat. In, How We Win, she explains how government, the private sector, and civil society can help Muslim youth solve their identity crisis and in turn build a safer, more stable world. She introduces a concept called open power, which she defines as the ability to solve critical human challenges through peer-to-peer exploration, collaboration and ownership. She has received a lot of praise for How We Win. Career
As the first-ever Special Representative to Muslim Communities, <mask> Pandith was responsible for engaging with Muslims

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Farah Pandith
Farah
Farah
Farah


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 around the world both organizationally and individually. Reporting directly to the Secretary of State, Ms. Pandith traveled to nearly one hundred countries and launched youth-focused initiatives. In January 2013, she was awarded the Secretary's Distinguished Honor Award.Prior to her appointment as Special Representative, <mask> <mask> was senior advisor to the assistant secretary of state for European and Eurasian Affairs at the U.S. Department of State. From December 2004 to February 2007, Ms. Pandith served on the National Security Council staff as the director for Middle East Regional Initiatives. She re-entered government after the attacks on September 11, 2001, to serve as chief of staff of the Bureau for Asia and the Near East for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). In 2004, she spent two months in Afghanistan developing a public outreach strategy. She also served at USAID from 1990–1993 on the administrator's staff and as the special assistant to the director of policy. From 1997 to 2003, Ms. <mask> was Vice President of International Business for ML Strategies, LLC in Boston, Massachusetts, and served as a Commissioner on Governor Paul A. Cellucci's bi-partisan Asian Advisory Commission. <mask> <mask> has also consulted for organizations in the public, private, and non-profit sectors and has served in leadership positions on several boards with a focus on international affairs, women's empowerment, education, and cultural diplomacy.She sits on several boards including on the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy's Board of Advisors. She was a member of Secretary Jeh Johnson's Homeland Security Advisory Council where she chaired its task force on countering violent extremism from 2015-2017. Their task force report in 2016 presented a 50 state CVE plan to protect the homeland. From 2017, she also served as a Commissioner and Strategic Advisor on the Center for Strategic and International Studies CVE Commission. Tony Blair and Leon Panetta were the chairs of the commission. The final report is called Turning Point. Education
<mask> Pandith received

masks: Farah Pandith Pandith Farah Pandith Farah


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 a master's degree from The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University, where she specialized in International Security Studies, Islamic Civilizations and Southwest Asia, and International Negotiation and Conflict Resolution.She received an A.B. in Government and Psychology from Smith College, where she was president of the student body. She was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from Mount Saint Mary's University in 2017 and an honorary Doctor of Laws from Tufts University in 2018. Farrah graduated from Milton Academy located in Milton, MA in 1986. Awards
<mask> <mask> is the recipient of many awards, including the Smith College Medal and the National Campus Leadership Council's Presidential Legacy Award. She has also been the recipient of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts Ring of Tolerance, the Tufts University Alumni Distinguished Achievement Award, the University of Massachusetts Lowell Public Service Award, the NDTV Profit Award for Excellence in International Governance, and a RUMI Peace and Dialogue Award for Extraordinary Commitment to Public Service. <mask> <mask> was named one of Boston Magazine’s top ‘Thinkers’ in 2014 and one of Washingtonian’s 100 Most Powerful Women in 2011.Media
<mask> Pandith appears regularly in the print and television media. She wrote a piece for the Washington Post in 2017 on how to fix democracy, advocating for a “Marshall Plan” type of program called the "National Civic Plan." She has been featured on CBS News, NPR, PBS, MSNBC, Bloomberg, CNN, The Cipher Brief, The Boston Globe, New York Times, Washington Post, among others. Personal life
<mask> <mask> was born in Srinagar, India, and was raised in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. She divides her time between Washington, D.C.; London; and Cambridge, Massachusetts. References

External links

 <mask> Pandith Website

Indian people
American diplomats
Obama administration personnel
Living people
1968 births
Smith College alumni
The Fletcher School at Tufts University alumni
People from Srinagar
Milton Academy alumni
American politicians of Indian

masks: Farah Pandith Farah Pandith Farah Farah Pandith Farah


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<mask> (; 18 August 1916 – 25 January 2018) was a Romanian historian, essayist, philosopher, journalist, novelist, and diplomat. Biography

Early life
A native of Bucharest, he was descended from an aristocratic Aromanian family. His father, Marcel, a graduate of the Technical University of Berlin and a captain in the Romanian Royal Army's Engineer Corps, died of the Spanish flu in 1918; his mother, Tinca, was the last descendant of the Grădișteanu family of boyar origins (according to Djuvara, she was related to all boyar families in Wallachia). Djuvara's uncles Trandafir and <mask> were notable public figures. <mask> was born during World War I; as an infant, he was taken by his family into refuge in Iași after the occupation of southern Romania by the Central Powers, and then, through Imperial Russia, into Belgium, where <mask> was Minister Plenipotentiary. He attended lycée in Nice, France, and graduated in Letters (1937) and Law (1940) from the University of Paris (his Law thesis dealt with the antisemitic legislation passed by the governments of King Carol II in Romania). <mask> later stated that, at the time, his political sympathies veered towards the far right: he became a supporter of the Romanian fascist movement, the Iron Guard, and took part in the February 1934 riot against the French Radical-Socialist government of Édouard Daladier.During World War II, he returned to Romania, where he married and fathered a daughter. He joined the Romanian Armed Forces and was stationed in Ploiești under the Iron Guard's National Legionary government. Following the establishment of Ion Antonescu's dictatorship and the start of Operation Barbarossa (see Romania during World War II), as an officer cadet, he fought on the Eastern Front, saw action in Bassarabia and Transnistria, before being wounded in the arm during the Battle of Odessa (1941). He stated that he gave up his interest in the far right after a 1943 dialog with fellow diplomat Victor Rădulescu-Pogoneanu, who convinced Djuvara to become "a supporter of parliamentary democracy".

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Neagu Bunea Djuvara
Alexandru Djuvara
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Trandafir Djuvara
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 Diplomat
Subsequently, <mask> decided to apply for office in the diplomatic corps, won the competition, and was sent by Foreign Minister Mihai Antonescu as a diplomatic courier to Sweden, on the very day Ion Antonescu was toppled by a coup d'état and Romania pulled out of the Axis Powers to join the Allies (August 23, 1944). In this capacity, he was instructed to communicate to the Romanian Ambassador in Stockholm, Frederic Nanu, that he was to ask the Soviet representative Alexandra Kollontai whether earlier terms advanced by Joseph Stalin in regard to peace with Romania were still valid (Nanu was also told not to inform the Western Allies of these talks). Speaking in retrospect, he argued against claims made by Nanu, according to which Ion Antonescu had thus indicated his willingness to step down and hand leadership of Romania to King Mihai I.According to Djuvara, the last Soviet offer for Antonescu made only minor concessions – the entire country was to be occupied by the Red Army, with the exception of a random western county (to function as a provisional administrative center), and 15 days were given to the Romanian government to reach an armistice with Nazi Germany (<mask> considered this latter expectation particularly unrealistic, as it involved Germany consciously abandoning Romanian territory to its enemy). Furthermore, Djuvara indicated, "Neither I nor Nanu were mandated to sign any document, to launch into any peace process". Appointed Legation Secretary in Stockholm by the Constantin Sănătescu executive, <mask> was dismissed by the new Romanian Communist Party officials upon Ana Pauker's appointment as Foreign Minister (1947). Exile
Having been implicated in absentia in the series of show trials inaugurated in the wake of Communist Romania by the Tămădău Affair, accused of being a spy, he decided to remain abroad. He left for Paris and was subsequently involved in advocacy of anti-communist political causes and the rallying of exiled intellectuals. Briefly employed by the International Refugee Organization, <mask> became involved with the

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 body of Romanian exiles, the Romanian National Committee, and helped organize American-assisted drops of voluntary paratroopers in support of the Romanian anti-communist resistance (most of whom were captured by the Securitate). He renounced his position by 1951, and subsequently worked for the exile magazine Casa Românească.In 1961, he settled in Niger, serving as an adviser for the country's Foreign Ministry (extending a two-year contract until 1984), and was a professor of International Law and Economic History at the University of Niamey. Djuvara was an acquaintance of President Hamani Diori, and notably accompanied him on official duty to Addis Ababa, attending the opening session of the Organisation of African Unity (1963). Having already begun to further his studies of Philosophy in Paris, he received a Sorbonne doctorat d'État in the Philosophy of history (with the thesis Civilisations et lois historiques, guided by Raymond Aron). He was later awarded a diploma in Philology from INALCO. After 1984, he returned to Europe, resuming his activities with Casa Românească and other Romanian cultural institutions in exile. <mask> was an active contributor to Radio Free Europe, and divided his time between Paris and Munich (occasionally traveling to Canada and the United States). Post-1989
Djuvara returned to his native country soon after the Romanian Revolution of 1989.Between 1991 and 1998, he was an associate professor at the University of Bucharest. During the early 1990s, he was a noted critic of Romanian political developments, and especially of the Mineriad and the National Salvation Front government. He later joined the National Liberal Party, and expressed his concern that President Traian Băsescu was unable to complete planned reforms in the wake of Romania's accession to the European Union, as well as his belief that the former Securitate was still in a position of power. He also took a conservative stance on European affairs, being a vocal critic of Europe's multiculturalism. In August 2016, Djuvara turned 100, and upon the occasion was made a


texts:
 knight of the Order of the Star of Romania. His last public appearance was on December 5, 2017, when in an interview, he expressed his grief over the demise of King Michael. He died from pneumonia in Bucharest on 25 January 2018, at the age of 101 years and 147 days, and was buried at Bellu Cemetery.Djuvara was survived by his daughter, granddaughters, and great-granddaughters. Most of his works in Romanian were published by Humanitas. Work as a historian
Most of Djuvara's work concerns the history of Romania and that of the Romanian people, although he published significant works pertaining to the philosophy of history, particularly questioning the existence of what he called "truthful history". Regarding Romanian history, Djuvara advocated continued and extensive research into what he believed was still unexplored territory. His views were often seen as undermining a Romanian national identity, mainly because of his expressing doubts on the scientific accuracy of most historic research done in Romania since the unification of 1918, and putting forward controversial hypotheses concerning the origin of the Romanians, such as advancing the theory that the vast majority of the nobility in the medieval states that made up the territory of modern-day Romania was of Cuman origin. He also published extensively regarding the relationship between his native Romania and Europe, placing the country politically and culturally "between East and West", citing it as the "last to enter what is commonly called the European concert", referring not to Romania's 2007 accession to the European Union, but to the country's change of orientation towards adopting a Western political and cultural model. He has voiced his concern regarding multiculturalism in Europe, a policy which he views as detrimental to stability within the EU.He was a critic of what he perceived to be an excessively pro-Western attitude in Romanian politics, suggesting that Romanian society and culture could not be classified as Western, citing Orthodoxy as the predominant religion, the presence of many


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 non-Latin elements in the modern Romanian language and the country's history in the past centuries as arguments. He also wrote about what he called the "American hegemony" and its premises, analysing the influence which the United States and its foreign policy have had on the world and, more specifically, on Europe. He characterised the efforts of the United States to establish what resembles a hegemony in Europe and other parts of the world as a "Seventy-Seven Years' War" waged throughout most of the 20th century. <mask> can be seen as a populariser and "de-mystifier" of history, having published books aimed a younger audience as well as books seeking to explain the historical basis for mythical figures such as Dracula or Negru Vodă. He also published memories from his exile, recounting his life and work in Paris, France, and Niamey, Niger. <mask> has claimed that Romanian marshal Ion Antonescu, who ruled Romania during World War II, was in fact an Albanian of Romania or, as he called him, an . Romanian historian Ion Teodorescu agrees with this view.References

External links
 Page at the Humanitas site

1916 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia in Romania
Aromanian people
Foreign relations of Niger
Knights of the Order of the Star of Romania
Male essayists
Men centenarians
Romanian male novelists
National Liberal Party (Romania) politicians
Writers from Bucharest
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty people
Romanian activists
Romanian anti-communists
Romanian centenarians
Romanian children's writers
Romanian defectors
Romanian essayists
Romanian expatriates in France
Romanian journalists
Romanian Land Forces officers
Romanian memoirists
Romanian monarchists
Nobility from Bucharest
Romanian novelists
Romanian people of World War II
Romanian philosophers
Romanian political scientists
Romanian writers in French
University of Bucharest faculty
University of Paris alumni
Winners of the Prix Broquette-Gonin (literature)
20th-century Romanian historians
21st-century Romanian historians
Diplomats from Bucharest
Abdou Moumouni University faculty
Romanian

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<mask> AIA, (August 19, 1843, Ithaca, New York – July 16, 1914, New Rochelle, New York) was a highly influential critic, journalist and editorial writer in New York City who wrote about and influenced art, literature, music and architecture during the city's "Gilded Age." He was active as a journalist for over forty years but is principally noted as a highly influential architecture critic, and advocate of modern designs and defender of the skyscraper. Early life
<mask> was born in Ithaca, New York, on August 19, 1843. He was the son of Eleanor (née Johnson<mask> (1818–1849) and the Rev. Dr. <mask> (1816–1900), one time rector of the Protestant Episcopal Church Grace Church in Orange, New Jersey, which is now known as the Church of the Epiphany. His siblings included <mask> (d. 1850), <mask> (d. 1854), <mask> (1841–1929). After his mother's death, his father remarried to Mary Hall Allen in 1860, with whom his father had another daughter and two sons, <mask>'s half-siblings, Rev.<mask> and <mask>, Jr.

His paternal grandparents were Alborn <mask> (b. 1788) and Caroline (née Butler) <mask>. The <mask>s were one of the oldest families in New York, descendants of Philip Pieterse <mask>, who settled in Beverwyck (now Albany, New York) in 1650, through his son Arent <mask> (1662–1730) and his son Casparus <mask> (1695–1754). His maternal grandparents were Ben Johnson (1783–1848) and Jane (née Dey) Johnson (1798–1881). <mask> entered Hobart College in 1858 but failed to graduate. He became a member of the Sigma Phi Society. Professional career
In 1865, at the end

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Anthony Schuyler
Eleanor Schuyler
Ben Johnson Schuyler
Charles Brother Schuyler
Montgomery
Hamilton Schuyler
Anthony Schuyler
Schuyler
Schuyler
Schuyler
Schuyler
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 of the American Civil War, <mask> came to New York and worked as an editorial writer on The World before leaving to join the editorial staff of The New York Times in 1883.He worked as an editorial writer for The New York Times for twenty-four years. During his time at The Times, he wrote many articles, including articles about the architecture of Washington, D.C., about the 3,000 miles between New York and California, about the work of William Wordsworth, the work of Russell Sturgis, and the work of Henry James. In the 1870s, <mask> supported Frederick Law Olmsted, a friend, H. H. Richardson, whom he admired, and Leopold Eidlitz in the controversy surrounding the completion of the New York State Capitol buildings. In 1882, <mask>, who lived at the end of East 84th Street in Manhattan, proposed building a residential development project between East 81st Street and East 84th Street, along the East River just south of the East River Park (now known as the Carl Schurz Park). In 1883, <mask> wrote upon the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge in New York:

"It so happens that the work which is likely to be our most durable monument, and to convey some knowledge of us to the most remote posterity, is a work of bare utility; not a shrine, not a fortress, not a palace, but a bridge." From 1885–1887, he was managing editor of Harper's Weekly, and from 1887 to 1894, was connected with the publishing department of Harper & Bros., serving both in an editorial capacity and as a writer. In the last few years of his career, <mask> was a contributor to The Sun, and also wrote

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 for many magazines and periodicals, particularly on the subject of architecture, in which he specialized.He was a staunch advocate of the modern skyscraper, who believed that it was "a legitimate architectural expression of our times." In 1892, he published his seminal work, American Architecture Studies published by Harper & Brothers Publishers. In the book, similarly to Louis Sullivan's feelings in his 1892 book, Ornament in Architecture, he stated: "If you were to scrape down to the face of the main wall of the buildings of these streets, you would find that you had simply removed all the architecture, and that you had left the buildings as good as ever." Later life
He retired from the New York Times in 1907 and moved to New Rochelle, New York, "taking an active interest in local affairs, acting in an advisory capacity on questions of beautifying the city and the artistic and harmonious architectural development of the town." <mask> was a member of the American Institute of Architects, the National Institute of Arts and Letters, and the Century Club. Personal life
In 1876, he married Katherine Beeckman Livingston (1842–1914). Their families were previously connected as <mask>'s seven times great-aunt had married Katherine's ancestor, Robert Livingston, first Lord of the manor of Livingston (also ancestor of both Presidents Bush and Eleanor Roosevelt) in Albany in 1679.Together, <mask> and Katherine were the parents of:

 <mask>, Jr. (1877-1955), who was secretary to the U.S. legation in St. Petersburg, Russia in 1902, U.S. Consul General in Bangkok,

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Schuyler
Schuyler
Montgomery
Montgomery Schuyler


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 U.S. Minister to Ecuador, U.S. Minister to El Salvador. Robert Livingston <mask> (1883–1966), who served as President of the American Historical Association. <mask>'s wife died on July 7, 1914. <mask> died of pneumonia shortly thereafter at his home at 250 Winyah Avenue, New Rochelle, New York, on July 16, 1914. He was buried alongside his wife at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York. Published works
 Westward the Course of Empire
 Studies in American Architecture
 The Brooklyn Bridge (with W. C. Conant)
 Articles for Harper's Magazine
 "Recent Building in New York" (September 1883)
 "The Metropolitan Opera-house" (November 1883)
 "Glimpses of western architecture. III.—St.Paul and Minneapolis" (October 1891)
 "Glimpses of western architecture. Chicago.—II" (September 1891)
 "Glimpses of western architecture. Chicago.—I" (August 1891)
 American Architecture Studies (1892), Harper & Brothers Publishers

References

External links

Links to his books on Amazon.com
Review by James Early of Vassar College in the Society of Architectural Historians (1962) for the book William H. Jordy and Ralph Coe, eds.<mask>: American Architecture and Other Writings. (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1962)
<mask>'s quotes on American bridges

1843 births
1914 deaths
<mask> family
19th-century American architects
American newspaper journalists
American critics
American architecture writers
American male non-fiction writers
American people of Dutch descent
Writers from New Rochelle, New York
Writers from Ithaca, New York
The New York Times editors
Harper's Weekly

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Shubraveshti Ramaswamiah Seetharama Sharma (1 December 1933 – 5 June 1985), known popularly as S. R<mask>, was an Indian filmmaker known for his work in Kannada cinema. He is often considered one of India's most influential filmmakers. Background and personal life
<mask> was born to Ramaswamaiah and Subbamma in Kanagal, a village in the erstwhile Kingdom of Mysore into a poor family. As he hailed from a poor brahmin family, he had to endure hardships and struggled to get a decent job. He worked as a teacher, salesman and even as a cleaner. His job as a publicity boy brought him closer to theatre and subsequently to cinema. His association with films began when he started working for B. R. Panthulu as an assistant director and also as his driver.His first film as an assistant director was Rathnagiri Rahasya (1957). <mask> married Nagalakshmi at very young age and they had 5 children. However he fell in love with his protege and leading actress in 1970s Aarathi and they got married during 1976–77. They had a daughter Yashaswini, who was born in 1978. However, due to creative differences <mask> and Aarathi separated in 1981. In 1981 <mask>'s magnum opus Ranganayaki did not do as well as expected at the box office, even though it gained critical acclaim and later went on to become a cult classic. In addition to this, separation from Aarathi had impacted his health.He had no work in hand for 14 months starting from late 1980 to mid of 1982. Srinath whom Puttanna directed in blockbuster films like Shubhamangala and Dharmasere came to his help, and they made Maanasa Sarovara which became an average hit and helped Puttanna bounce back. His later films like Amruta Ghalige and Runamukthalu did reasonably well. <mask> died on 5 June 1985 in Bengaluru while shooting Masanada Hoovu. Starting his

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 career as a publicity boy, <mask> was drawn into independent filmmaking after a stint in theatre and working with film director and producer B. R. Panthulu as his assistant. <mask>'s assistants include Tamil directors S. P. Muthuraman, Bharathiraja, and T. S. Nagabharana. Although a majority of <mask>'s films were on offbeat or taboo subjects, generally women-centric, he endeared himself to both the critics and ordinary film goers alike making "bridge films" between art and commercial cinema.His film in Kannada, Gejje Pooje, based on a novel of the same name by M. K. Indira is considered a landmark film. He would go on to direct other films such as Kappu Bilupu (1969), Sharapanjara (1971), Naagarahaavu (1972), Edakallu Guddada Mele (1973), Shubhamangala (1975) and Ranganayaki (1981), all of which are seen as milestones in Kannada cinema. He also directed a handful of films in Malayalam, Tamil Telugu and Hindi languages. As a director
Often credited as a movie-maker much ahead of his times, his first directorial venture was the 1964 Malayalam movie  School Master, a remake of his mentor B. R. Panthulu's Kannada classic of the same name. He then directed another Malayalam movie Poochakkanni (Cat eyed/Hazel eyed lady) based on the Kannada novel Bekkina Kannu by Triveni. <mask>'s first Kannada film as a director was Bellimoda (Silver Cloud) in 1967. Starring Kalpana and Kalyan Kumar, this movie was a critical and commercial success.Legend has it that <mask> scouted for a week to find the perfect location for the mellifluous song mooDala maneyaa. Belli Moda is credited as the first Kannada movie to be shot exclusively outdoors. He directed many masterpieces like Gejje Pooje, Sharapanjara, Naagarahaavu etc. '. His last film was Savira Mettilu, which never released during his lifetime. He

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 also provided a platform for many actors such as Kalpana, Aarathi, Leelavathi, Jayanthi, Padma Vasanthi, Srinath, Rajinikanth, Vishnuvardhan, Ambareesh, Jai Jagadish, Chandra Shekhar, Gangadhar, Shivaram, Vajramuni, Sridhar, Ramakrishna and Aparna to showcase their talents. In devotion to Puttanna, Dr.Vishnuvardhan said,  "Puttanna Kanagal Sir was the God-sent teacher for me!And I have been made an actor. I am indebted to guru Puttanaji. He used to conceptualize scenes, narrate them to me, inspire me and extract the potential till then unknown to myself. Acting in a single movie under <mask>'s expertise is an experience of a lifetime." <mask> introduced most of the actors in the Kannada film industry. Tamil director Bharathiraja worked under him. Each of <mask>'s 24 Kannada movies had strong themes filled with unprecedented direction.Tamil legendary film maker K. Balachander, winner of the 2010 Dadasaheb Phalke Award had great regard for <mask>. In many of his interviews to the media, Balachandar has stated that he considered a much younger, <mask> <mask>, a director from Kannada(Karnataka) film industry to be his guru in film making. An excerpt from one such interview:

Q) You have stated in many interviews that you consider <mask> <mask> (Kannada filmmaker), though younger than you, as your guru in filmmaking. What is it that you learnt from him? A) Age has got nothing to do with learning. You can learn from anybody and everybody. I liked and admired <mask> <mask>, because, at the time when many of our filmmakers lacked the vision of filmmaking in terms of visuals he was the one who insisted on films being visual than oral.Apart from that his ability to churn out the human emotions from his actors was one of his kind. In fact Balachander, for most of the remakes of his Tamil films

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 in Kannada (Benkiyalli Aralida Hoo, Mauna Geethe) has gone on to cast many of the talents like Ashwath, Sridhar, Jai Jagadesh, Ramakrishna, Srinath, nurtured in <mask>'s camp. Also, both <mask>'s and Balachander's films dealt with the issues on women – more so in <mask>'s films. The Visualiser
The Kannada film industry in the 1960s and the 1970s started moving from mythological and historical subjects to socially relevant themes. This metamorphosis was reflected in the rise of bandaaya sahitya or rebellious literature. The New Wave Cinema or Alternate Cinema movement spread across India, particularly in Karnataka, West Bengal and Kerala. Puttanna's movies, however, were seen as a bridge between commercial cinema and alternate cinema.While his plots, based on popular Kannada novels, revolved around strong characters and distinct themes, he added mandatory songs and emotions to distinguish from alternate cinemas. His mastery over symbolism is quite remarkable. He has effectively used effectively in almost all of his movies. <mask> was also considered as a pioneer in picturising songs. In general, his movies contained 4–5 songs. Even with respect to song picturisation, <mask> had a strong sense of colour and imagery. He would go to great lengths to select the locations and costumes for a song.The songs generally reflected the inherent mood of the film. For instance, the song from the movie Manasasarovara, Neene saakida gini, a poignant song, was shot amidst the dust-filled mining areas, thereby reflecting the agony of a man who has lost his true love. Similarly the song sandesha megha sandesha from the movie Sharapanjara was shot in the Madikeri, with innumerable oranges strewn around. He was well known for his effective use of freeze shots and negative images to heighten the

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 introspective effect of key scenes. Although his films were accused of being too woman-centric, <mask> personally felt that such notions were wrong. He was the first director of the Kannada Film Directors Association after its inception in 1984. Poonam Theatre in Jayanagar, Bangalore was renamed in his honor after his last film debuted there.In 2004, the theatre closed until reopening after a 2011 campaign supported by Baraguru Ramachandrappa, V. Manohar and the Democratic Youth Federation of India and was scheduled for demolition in July 2012 but later saved and remodeled. In June 2015, the 30th anniversary of his death was honored with an event organized by the Karnataka Chalanachitra Academy and guests and speakers included Ambareesh, Leelavathi, S. Shivaram, Jai Jagadish, Ashok, K. S. L. Swamy and Rajendra Singh Babu. Awards and honours
<mask> received three National Film Awards, three Filmfare Awards South and multiple Karnataka State Film Awards. Karnataka state honours film directors and various personalities with Puttanna Kanagal Award in his memory every year during the Karnataka State Awards function. List of awards and honours

Filmfare Awards South

National Film Awards

Karnataka State Film Awards

Filmography

References

External links

1933 births
1985 deaths
Hindi-language film directors
20th-century Indian film directors
Kannada film directors
Writers from Mysore
Kannada screenwriters
Filmfare Awards South winners
Businesspeople from Mysore
Film producers from Karnataka
Film directors from Karnataka
Artists from Mysore
20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights
Kannada film cinematographers
20th-century Indian photographers
Cinematographers from Karnataka
Screenwriters from Karnataka
Best Original Screenplay National Film Award winners
20th-century Indian

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<mask> is an English actress. She played Lady Sybil Crawley in the ITV television period drama series Downton Abbey and Emelia Conan Doyle in the 2011 British comedy-drama feature film Albatross. In 2014, she appeared as Beverly Penn in the film adaptation of the Mark Helprin novel Winter's Tale. In 2015, she co-starred in Paul McGuigan's Victor Frankenstein as Lorelei, the Esmerelda-like acrobat. In 2016, she joined the cast of the biopic feature film, England is Mine, about the early life and career of English singer Morrissey, who co-founded the indie rock band The Smiths. <mask> portrayed Charlotte Wells, a madam's daughter and sex worker, in the three series run of Harlots (2017–2019), a period drama television series initially screening on ITV Encore in the UK and on Hulu Plus in the US. As of 2020, she is in the main cast of the series Brave New World.Early life
<mask> grew up in Cookham, Berkshire. Her father is a financial adviser and her mother is a teaching assistant. She told Vanity Fair in 2012, "I grew up there, as did my Mum. My Nan and Granddad are around the corner. It is a very familiar place and incredibly dear to my heart. It's sort of quiet, but wonderfully so." She trained with the National Youth Ballet and the Associates of the Royal Ballet, and at age 15 was invited to dance with the Kirov at the Royal Opera House for a summer season.She attended Furze Platt Senior School in Maidenhead. At the end of her GCSEs, she was accepted to a number of ballet schools, but chose to attend the Arts Educational School for the A-level courses it provided and its pastoral care. She was there for two years. In the second, she had three operations on her ankles, the last of which went wrong, preventing her from continuing as a dancer. After encouragement from an art teacher, she finished her education at Arts

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 Educational School, Tring Park, then moved on to a fine art course at Central Saint Martin's College of Art and Design. In a 2012 interview with Vanity Fair, she said, "Growing up, I was completely in love and infatuated with ballet. Ballet was my life completely."She subsequently attended university in London, where she discovered the stage. She said, "Acting was the element from ballet that I actually loved and missed the most." Career
<mask> was cast in the lead role of 17-year-old Emilia Conan Doyle for Albatross, a 2011 British coming-of-age comedy drama film directed by Niall MacCormick, co-starring Julia Ormond, Felicity Jones and Sebastian Koch. Its premise is a teenage aspiring writer entering the lives of a dysfunctional family on the south coast of England, with bookish young women meeting up with a peer who lacks any boundaries or inhibitions. She was next cast in two episodes of the British science fiction comedy-drama television show Misfits, where she appeared in the first-season finale as a wholesome religious girl whose superpower is convincing everyone to abandon their delinquent behaviour in favour of celibacy. Almost immediately after her work in Albatross, <mask> was cast in the ITV period drama television series Downton Abbey as Lady Sybil Crawley, the youngest and most forward-thinking of the Grantham daughters. In a 2012 interview with Vanity Fair, she said, "I thought this character of Sybil was fascinating, and I liked her modern attitude to life."She was the second major cast member to leave the series when her character died from eclampsia after giving birth in the third series. During a 2015 interview, Downton Abbey creator Julian Fellowes discussed the plot twist: "<mask> <mask>, who played Sybil, had said she was going to leave right from the beginning. She said, 'I'm doing three years,

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Brown Findlay
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texts: then I'm leaving.' So that was all worked out." She next appeared as Abi in the Black Mirror episode "Fifteen Million Merits" with English actor Daniel Kaluuya. The episode imagined a dystopian future where people earn merits on exercise bikes and the only way to escape their slave-like existence is to audition for reality TV judges. In 2012, <mask> became the face of the Dominic Jones jewellery line.She was cast in Not Another Happy Ending by John McKay, and in the miniseries Labyrinth, based on the novel of the same name by Kate Mosse, portraying Alaïs Pelletier. In 2012, she was cast as Beverly Penn in the film adaptation of the novel Winter's Tale (2014) with Colin Farrell and Russell Crowe. In July 2015, she played emotionally conflicted stepmother Alice Aldridge in The Outcast, the BBC's two-part television adaptation of Sadie Jones’ novel. In May 2015, <mask> made her professional theatre debut at the Almeida Theatre,  London, as Electra in a new adaptation of The Oresteia, to positive reviews. The production subsequently moved to the Trafalgar Theatre in London's West End. Writer/director Robert Icke cast <mask> in his production of Uncle Vanya at the same venue in February the following year. In September 2016, it was announced that <mask> would play Ophelia in a new production of Hamlet at the Almeida Theatre in London.The production was critically acclaimed and also later moved to the West End, where it ran until September 2017 with award-winning "Sherlock" and "Fleabag" actor Andrew Scott as Hamlet. In 2016, <mask> joined the cast of a biopic feature film initially entitled Steven, about the early life and career of English singer Morrissey, who co-founded the indie rock band The Smiths. The film, renamed England is Mine, premiered at the Edinburgh Film Festival in 2017, with Dunkirk actor Jack Lowden in

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 the lead role. <mask> starred as <mask> in This Beautiful Fantastic,  a 2016 British romantic drama film directed and written by Simon Aboud as a repressed foundling who forms a new life through her relationships with a curmudgeonly neighbour (Tom Wilkinson), a gifted cook (Andrew Scott) and an eccentric inventor (Jeremy Irvine). In 2017, <mask> portrayed Charlotte Wells, a brothel owner's daughter and famed courtesan, in Harlots, a period drama television series created by Alison Newman and Moira Buffini, and inspired by "The Covent Garden Ladies" by Hallie Rubenhold. It premiered on 27 March 2017 on ITV Encore in the UK and on 29 March 2017 on Hulu Plus in the US. It focuses on Margaret Wells, who runs a brothel in 18th century England and struggles to raise her daughters in a chaotic household.Also in 2017, <mask> voiced the character of Fay in the animated film Monster Family. In 2018, she starred as Elizabeth McKenna in The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society. In May 2019, it was announced that she would star as Lenina Crowne in the NBCUniversal series Brave New World, based on the classic 1932 novel by Aldous Huxley. It was subsequently moved to the Peacock network. In 2021, she starred as Pamela Legat in the Netflix film Munich: The Edge of War, describing events in England and Germany just prior to the start of World War II. Personal life
<mask> began dating actor Ziggy Heath in late 2016. They married on 12 September 2020.Filmography

Film

Television

Theatre

Awards and nominations

References

External links

Living people
21st-century English actresses
Actresses from Berkshire
Alumni of Central Saint Martins
English film actresses
English stage actresses
English television actresses
People educated at Tring Park School for the Performing Arts
People from Cookham
Year of birth missing (living

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Bella Brown
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<mask> (, November 12, 1528 – January 17, 1588), courtesy name Yuanjing, art names Nantang and Mengzhu, posthumous name Wuyi, was a Chinese military general and writer of the Ming dynasty. He is best known for leading the defense on the coastal regions against wokou pirate activities in the 16th century, as well as for the reinforcement of the Great Wall of China. <mask> is also known for writing the military manuals Jixiao Xinshu and Lianbing Shiji or Record of Military Training (), which he based on his experience as a martial educator and defensive planner in the Ming military forces. He is regarded as a hero in Chinese culture. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born in the town of Luqiao in Shandong province to a family with a long military tradition. His forefather served as a military leader under the Hongwu Emperor and died in battle. When Zhu Yuanzhang became the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty, he bestowed upon the <mask> family the hereditary post of commander-in-chief of Dengzhou Garrison, a district of the present day Penglai.<mask>ng's father <mask>tong () (1473–1544) was a skilled martial arts expert and an upright and devoted military general. Strongly influenced by his family, <mask>ng took an early interest in the military. As a child, he built ramparts from clay, piled up rubble to form barracks, and made flags from bamboo sticks and paper to play war games with his friends and himself as the commander. When his father died, <mask>ng took over the commandership of Dengzhou Garrison at the age of 17. As his siblings were still young, he married Lady Wang and left domestic affairs to her. Besides building up the naval defense at the garrison, he also led his troops in the defense of Jizhou (薊州, east of present-day Beijing) against Mongol raiders during spring time from 1548 to 1552. At the age of 22, <mask>ng

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Qi Jiguang
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 headed for Beijing to take part in the martial imperial examination.During this time, Mongol troops led by Altan Khan broke through the northern defenses and laid siege to Beijing. Candidates participating in the martial arts exam were mobilized to defend the nine gates of the capital. <mask>ng twice submitted defense proposals to the emperor and was noted to have displayed extraordinary valor and military cunning during the battle, and saw the defeat of the invaders. Battles against the wokou pirates

In 1553, <mask>ng was promoted to Assistant Regional Military Commissioner () of Shandong's defense force against wokou pirates, which included Japanese, Portuguese, and Southeast Asians, but were mostly Chinese. When <mask>ng took over the commandership of Shandong's coastal defense, he had less than 10,000 troops at hand, though the recorded strength was 30,000. Furthermore, many of his soldiers who were young and strong men deserted to make a living elsewhere, leaving behind the old and the weak. The troops also lacked training and discipline, while the defense works were dilapidated due to years of negligence.In the fall of 1555, <mask> was sent to Zhejiang where the pirating situation had spiraled out of control. Together with two other generals, Yu Dayou and Tan Lun, <mask> led Ming forces to a decisive victory at Cen Harbor () in 1558. Henceafter, his troops continued to deal blows to the pirates at Taozhu (), Haimen Garrison and Taizhou. After the victory at Cen Harbor, not only was <mask> not credited for his valor, he was almost demoted over slander that he liaised with wokou pirates. With the situation in Zhejiang under control, <mask> shifted his focus to drilling his soldiers. He drafted mainly miners and farmers from the county of Yiwu because he believed these people to be honest and hardworking. He also oversaw the

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 construction of 44 naval vessels of various sizes to be used against pirates at sea.The first trial for <mask>'s new army came in 1559. After a month-long battle with wokou pirate in Taizhou Prefecture, the pirates suffered over 5,000 casualties, while <mask>'s army established a name for itself among both the people of Zhejiang and its enemies. Partly as a result of <mask>'s military success in Zhejiang, pirate activities surged in the province of Fujian. More than 10,000 pirates had established strongholds along the coast from Fu'an in the north to Zhangzhou in the south. In July 1562, <mask>guang led 6,000 elite troops south into Fujian. Within two months, his army had eradicated three major lairs of wokou pirates at Hengyu (), Niutian () and Lindun (). However, his own army also suffered significant losses to fighting and disease.Seeing the pirate infestation in Fujian subdued, <mask> then returned to Zhejiang to regroup. The pirates took the opportunity to invade Fujian again, this time succeeding in conquering Xinghua (興化, present day Putian). In April 1563, <mask>ng led 10,000 troops into Fujian and reclaimed Xinghua. Over the next year, a series of victories by <mask>ng's army finally saw the pirate problem in Fujian resolved. In September 1565, a major battle against wokou pirates was fought on the island of Nan'ao, which lies near the boundary between the provinces of Fujian and Guangdong. There <mask> joined arms with his old comrade Yu Dayou again to defeat the remnant of the combined Japanese and Chinese pirate force. Years on the northern frontier

After eliminating the pirate threat, <mask>ng was called to Beijing in late 1567 to take charge of training the imperial guards.With the revolt against the Yuan dynasty in mid-14th century, the Hongwu Emperor drove the Mongols north beyond the Great Wall and founded the

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 Ming dynasty. However, he did not manage to eliminate Mongolian power, which continued to pester the northern frontier for the next two hundred years. When <mask> was in Beijing in 1550, Altan Khan, ruler of the Tumed Mongols, broke through the northern defenses and nearly devastated Beijing. In 1571, the Ming dynasty bestowed the title "Lord Shunyi" () upon Altan Khan and established trade with the Mongols. Altan Khan then forbade his subordinates from raiding Chinese settlements. However, other Mongols led by Jasaghtu Khan continued to test <mask>'s defenses, though without much success. In the next year, he was given command of the troops in Jizhou to defend against the Mongols.<mask> oversaw the repair work on the segment of the Great Wall between Shanhai Pass and Juyong Pass. He also directed the construction of watchtowers along the wall. After two years of hard work, more than 1,000 watchtowers were completed, giving the defensive capability in the north a great boost. In the winter of 1572, <mask> also conducted a month-long military exercise involving more than 100,000 troops. Based on his experience with the exercise he wrote the Records of Military Training (), which became an invaluable reference for military leaders after him. During the early reign of the Wanli Emperor (1570s), the Mongol army led by Dong Huli, chieftain of the Duoyan tribe, continuously invaded the Ming territory. <mask>ng's troops defeated them many times and captured Dong Huli's younger brother Changtu.When Dong Huli brought his nephew and 300 clansmen to beg tearfully for mercy at the outpost, <mask>ng accepted their surrender. Dong released captives from his previous plunders and vowed to never invade Jizhou again. Death
In early 1583, <mask> was relieved of his duty. His wife left him soon after and he spent the rest of his years in poverty and

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 ailing health. He died on 17 January 1588. Legacy

Books by <mask>ng
<mask>guang documented his ideas and experience in the form of two books on military strategy, the Ji Xiao Xin Shu () and the Lianbing Shiji () or Record of Military Training. He also wrote a great number of poems and proses, which he compiled into the Collection of Zhizhi Hall (), named after his study hall during his office in Jizhou.Guangbing
A type of hard pancake called guangbing (光餅, Foochow Romanized: guŏng-biāng, known as kompyang in Malaysia and Indonesia) was named after <mask>ng. Ships named in honor <mask>
The Republic of China Navy Cheng Kung class frigate Chi Kuang (FFG 1105) as well as the People's Liberation Army Navy Type 680 training ship <mask>ng are after him. In popular culture

A Taiwanese film 1978 <mask>ng () (English title Great General) depicts the conflict with the pirates. <mask>ng's late years in Shandong are the subject of the 1980 Hong Kong film, The Warrant of Assassination (). The 2008 Chinese television series The Shaolin Warriors provided a fictional account of <mask>ng enlisting the help of Shaolin Monastery's warrior monks in defending China from the wokou and other invaders. Malaysian actor Christopher Lee played <mask>ng. In 2017 the film God Of War is another fictional portrayal of the General and his wife, with Vincent Zhao in the leading role.A historical portrayal of <mask>ng by actor Yu Beng Lim is represented in the 2007-2008 joint Discovery Channel and Channel 4 special Behind the Great Wall/ The Great Wall of China. The documentary focuses on <mask>'s rebuilding of the Great Wall through his partnership with Senior Grand Secretary Zhang Juzheng. References

Bibliography

External links

1527 births
1588 deaths
Chinese military writers
Generals from Shandong
Ming dynasty generals
Ming dynasty writers
Writers from

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Qi Ji
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<mask> (; born 1963) is an Israeli advertising executive, marketer and author. He is the founder and chief creative officer of No, No, No, No, No, Yes, a creative boutique in New York and Tel Aviv. He also teaches at the School of Visual Arts in New York City. From May 1994 to November 2011, he acted as the Chief Creative Officer & Joint Managing Partner at Shalmor Avnon Amichay/Y&R, Tel Aviv, Israel. Biography
<mask> was born and raised in Holon, Israel. He served in the IDF as a graphic designer and a reporter in the IDF's weekly newspaper "Bamahane". In 1990 <mask> graduated with honors his visual Communication studies at the "Betzalel Art Academy" in Jerusalem, and School of Visual Arts in New York.In 2008, <mask> graduated with honors his EMBA studies for company leaders at the Berlin School of Creative Leadership. Career
<mask> began drawing cartoons for television and newspapers at the age of 14. <mask>'s cartoons and articles were published in many newspapers in Israel, including "Yediot Aharonot", "Globes", "Ha'aretz", "The Marker", "Calcalist" and "Ma'ariv", where he also started working as a cartoonist and journalist. Later, his cartoons were also published abroad, including in "The New Yorker" (1995). In 1990, <mask> started his journey in the world of advertising as a creative director at the "Warshavsky Froehlich Dover/Grey" advertising agency. In May 1994 he joined Rami Shalmor and Shlomi Avnon as a partner and they turned into the "Shalmor Avnon Amichay" agency, where he served as joint CEO and Chief Creative Officer. Later, the agency joined the international Young & Rubicam network.From July 2011, the company's founders, Rami Shalmor, Shlomi Avnon and <mask>, became active chairmen. Amichay gave many lectures in Israel, including in Tel Aviv

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Gideon Amichay
Gideon Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Gideon Amichay


texts: University, IDC Herzliya, Hebrew University, Betzalel Art Academy, The Neri Bloomfield School, and Shenkar College. Some of Amichay's lectures were broadcast live on Israel's Channel 2 website. <mask> was also invited to be a keynote speaker abroad, including in Eurobest (2009), New York Festivals (2010), in Shanghai, in Cannes Lions Festival (2011), in The School of Visual Arts, in Berlin School of Creative Leadership (2018) and in the Israel Marketing Association convention (2021). <mask> was a committee member for the  and, together with Ze'ev Ravid, they led the museum's branding campaign. <mask> was a member of the Young & Rubicam creative board for 10 years. On September 11, 2011, Amichay has partnered with Aniboom and initiated a project to honor the upcoming 10th anniversary of September 11 attacks by bringing together animators from all over the world.<mask> envisioned that each participant would create a short animation inspired by the title: 9/11. It had been ten years. One of the videos was made by <mask> himself. In 2011, <mask> published his first book in Hebrew - "לא, לא, לא, לא, לא, לא, לא, כן" that translate to: "No, No, No, No, No, No, No, Yes", The English edition - “No, No, No, No, No, Yes. Insights From a Creative Journey” was published in the US in January 2014. The book can be found at the MoMA store in New York as well as other venues. In 2016 he published his second book in Hebrew - “נו, נו, נו, נו, נו, נו, נו, יס” - A Creative Journey in New York.In 2021 <mask> published his third book "אלף בית של גימל" ("Alef bet shel Gimel") - a creative journey in the stations of life. The book was printed and published in Hebrew with two different covers. In December 2012 <mask> gave a talk as a part of TEDx Jerusalem bearing the same name ("No, No, No,

masks: Amichay Amichay Amichay Amichay Amichay Amichay Amichay Amichay


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 No, No, No, No, Yes")

In 2013 he founded No, No, No, No, No, Yes, a creative boutique in New York and later moved its office into Tel Aviv. Among its clients are Lion Brand Yarns DOGTV, Mercedes-Benz Israel, Hyundai Israel,  and others. In July 2013 the company created a content project for the Hebrew Wikipedia 10th anniversary, in cooperation with the Hebrew Wikipedia and Channel 2 news – Israeli News Company. In 2016 the agency created The Cyber Horse for The Blavatnik Interdisciplinary Cyber Research Center (ICRC) - Tel Aviv University. The Cyber Horse is a piece of work created with thousands of infected computer and cell phone components.It illustrates the increasing use of malware in making cyberspace a hostile environment. It was created in order to prompt national and international awareness of the dangers of cyber-attacks. The project earned impressions around the world such as CBS NEWS, The Times UK, The Economist, The Telegraph, Le Monde, Der Spiegel)

Awards and achievements

In his position of Chief Creative Officer at Shalmor Avnon Amichay, <mask> led the agency to win many awards, including:

19 Cannes Lions awards, the largest number of Cannes Lions awards for an Israeli agency (up to 2012). An internet campaign for Danone Strauss, which achieved a record number of votes- approximately 10,000,000, for a campaign voting for the pictures shown on yogurt cups. Archive magazine granted the main interview to Amichay in a 2011 edition (11-1). The agency won the One Show Silver Pencil Award for the Israel Aids Task Force "Get Tested Project" and is the only Israeli agency that won it (up to 2011). The UN granted a special award to the agency for the Israel Aids Task Force SDIA project (2010).The agency was awarded the title of agency of the year in the Young


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 and Rubicam worldwide agency (from 184 agencies) and won the Jewel Award. The agency won 2nd Media Agency of the Year at the Cannes Lions Festival (2009)
The agency won the Grand Prix in London International Awards (LIA) (2009) for the radio campaign for the Israel Aids Task Force. The agency won the Grand Prix in the New York Festival (1999) for the radio campaign encouraging advertising through the radio. The agency won the Gold Clio twice, for "Internet Shutdown Project" (2008), and the Israel Aids Task Force's SDIA Project (2010), the agency is the only Israeli agency that won this award (up to 2011). The agency won the Grand Prix in the Golden Drum competition, for the Israel Aids Task Force SDIA project. During 2008, the Israeli Marketing Association granted <mask> the title of "Marketing man of the month" in Israel for excellence in marketing Israeli advertising worldwide
Under his leadership, the Agency won "Agency of the year" many times (2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, and 2007). The agency won 20 Effie Awards including a Platinum (2005) & a Grand Effie(2006).The first ever Grand Prix at PIAF was awarded to the Get Tested Project. (2011)

Jury member
Cannes Lions (Direct Lions Jury President)[2012]
Cresta (Grand Jury President)
AdPrint
Clio. Eurobest. New York Festival. Creative Heads. References

External links
 <mask>'s blog
 <mask>'s - at the Creative Heads competition
 <mask>'s "speech from the crowd" at Cannes Lions 2012 Ceremony - the Direct Lions Jury President speech. <mask>, The Modern Consumer, an article in the weekly Campaign Magazine
 an interview for BestAdsOnTV.com during Cannes Festival 2011

Advertising people
Israeli cartoonists
Israeli male writers
Jewish Israeli artists
Living people
1963 births
People from Holon
Bezalel Academy of Arts and

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Amichay
Gideon Amichay
Gideon Amichay
Gideon Amichay
Gideon Amichay


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<mask> OBE (1 March 1920 – 22 June 1992) was a British track racing cyclist in the 1940s and 1950s. He won the world amateur sprint title in 1947, two Olympic silver medals in 1948, and the professional title in 1949, 1950, 1951 and 1954. His ferocious will to win made him a household name in the 1950s, but he also surprised many with a comeback more than 20 years later, winning a British title in 1974 at the age of 54. Early life

<mask> was born as <mask> at 7 Garden Street, Birtle, Bury, Lancashire,. His mother, Elsie Hargreaves, a cotton weaver, remarried and <mask> took the name of his stepfather, an engineer and businessman called <mask>. <mask> left school without qualifications and his first job was as an apprentice motor mechanic in Bury, soon moving from the workshop to the salesroom. During this period, at the age of 14, he bought his first bicycle, and entered a roller-racing competition organised by the Hercules bicycle manufacturing company.Amateur career and military service

His ability attracted the attention of other cyclists and <mask> joined the Bury section of the Cyclists' Touring Club and then its racing offshoot, the Lancashire Road Club. In 1935, he won his first race, a half-mile handicap event held on a grass track in Bury, and also started competing in individual time trials. <mask> moved from the motor mechanics job to a slipper factory, then, in early 1936, to a paper mill which he felt would pay him enough in the winter to spend the summer training and competing. During 1936, he raced on grass tracks in Lincolnshire, then competed in and won his first events in conventional competition at Fallowfield Stadium in Fallowfield, Manchester. In early 1937, he was confident he could support himself as an athlete, selling the prizes he won as an amateur, and left the paper

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Reginald Hargreaves Harris
Harris
Reginald Hargreaves
Reginald
Joseph Harris
Reg Harris
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texts: mill to focus on the summer cycle racing season, returning to the mill the following winter (repeating the process the following year). He continued to win races and attract attention, and by the summer of 1938 was able to beat the existing British sprint champion. At the end of that season, he joined Manchester Wheelers' Club, and in 1939 won a major race in Coventry, leading to his selection for the world championship in Milan, Italy.He travelled to Milan and had familiarised himself with the Velodromo Vigorelli when World War II broke out and the British team was recalled to the UK. <mask> joined the 10th Hussars in the North African campaign as a tank driver but was wounded, transferred to the Royal Army Service Corps, and later invalided out of the services as medically unfit in 1943. He liked to joke that he was one of the few men to leave the army less fit than when he joined. Despite the judgment of the army medics, in 1944, he won the , quarter-mile and five-mile (8 km) national cycling championships. He retained the two shorter titles in 1945 and added the half-mile on grass. He was invited to race in Paris in 1945 and again impressed the crowds, and he was expected to do well in the 1946 world championships in Zurich, Switzerland, only to have his chances ruined by an over-enthusiastic pre-race massage. <mask>'s amateur world championship achievements were celebrated in 1947 when Cycling Weekly awarded him his own page in the Golden Book of Cycling.By the time <mask> won the world amateur sprint title in Paris in 1947, he was already employed and equipped by bicycle manufacturer Claud Butler and was testing the boundaries of amateurism. The cycling world expected that <mask> would take three titles in the 1948 Summer Olympics: the sprint, the tandem sprint and the kilometre time

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 trial, but three months before the London Games, he broke two ribs in a road accident. After hospital, with a few weeks remaining to the games, training, competing and winning, he fell in a ten-mile (16 km) race at Fallowfield and fractured an elbow. Completing the rest of his preparation in a plaster cast, he had to be satisfied with two silvers, being beaten by Italy's Mario Ghella in the final of the sprint, and partnering Alan Bannister to second place in the tandem sprint (timetable constraints meant <mask>'s place in the kilometre was taken by another rider, Tommy Godwin, who won a bronze medal). Two weeks later, he claimed a bronze medal in the 1948 world championships sprint in Amsterdam. He was named sportsman of the year by a poll in 1949, winning by 7,000 votes over the football player, Billy Liddell. Professional career

On his return from Amsterdam, <mask> turned professional under sponsorship of the Raleigh bicycle company.He was paid £1 000 a year with a bonus of £100 if he won a world championship, £50 for every grand prix and £25 for every British record. <mask> was aware of his commercial attraction to race promoters and even as an amateur drove a Jaguar Mark IV. His earnings in the 1950s have been put at £12 000 a year. He dominated Raleigh's advertising for a decade and, despite coming from a sport with no great following in Britain, he was as familiar as Stanley Matthews and Stirling Moss. In 1949 he won the world professional sprint championship in Copenhagen – a victory he repeated the following two years in Belgium and Milan. He then won a fourth and final world professional title in Cologne in 1954. He won the Sports Journalists' Association's accolade of Sportsman of the Year in 1950, and was runner-up in 1949 and 1951.He retired in 1957 to devote himself to business

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 interests, none of which suited his tastes or abilities. He managed Fallowfield Stadium, renamed the Harris Stadium; he was involved in various abortive ventures associated with Raleigh; and he started a 'Reg Harris' bicycle manufacturing business in Macclesfield which lasted three years before folding. He then worked in sales promotion for the 'Gannex' raincoat company, before working for two plastic foam producers. In the 1960s he owned and managed the Reg Harris Petrol & Motor Service Station on Wilmslow Road in Didsbury, Manchester, which is now the site of the Shell Petrol Station on the corner of Grange Road. In 1971, he returned to racing, winning a bronze medal in the British championship in Birmingham after little preparation. With more training behind him, he approached the British championship in Leicester in 1974 in more confident mood, and beat Trevor Bull to win the title at the age of 54. In 1975, he returned to Leicester, but was narrowly beaten by Bull in the final and had to settle for the silver medal.He continued to cycle almost to his death. Legacy

A memorial to his achievements can be found in the National Cycling Centre in Manchester. <mask>'s achievements are marked annually with the Reg Harris Sportive, organised by his family and friends. The inaugural event on 25 August 2013 raised money for charities. In popular culture, <mask> is referenced in the Hancock's Half Hour episode 'The Junkman'. Personal life

He was married three times. The first two marriages (in 1944 to Florence Stage (daughter of the former Bury F.C.captain Billy Stage), then to Dorothy Hadfield) ended in divorce. He married Jennifer Anne Geary in 1970. He died in Macclesfield, Cheshire, of a stroke, survived by his third wife, and was buried at St John's Church in the north Cheshire village of

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<mask> (23 January 1908 – 10 November 1986) was a German SS-Standartenführer, Nazi official and convicted war criminal. He held numerous positions with the police and security services over the course of his career with the Schutzstaffel (SS). As a senior officer of the Sicherheitspolizei (Security Police) and Sicherheitsdienst (Security Service) in occupied-Poland, <mask> was directly involved in the destruction and liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto (1942) and the brutal suppression of both the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (1943) and the Warsaw Uprising (1944). Biography
The son of a prosperous farmer of the same name, <mask> was born on January 23, 1908 in the rural town of Eitzen, Uelzen district, Province of Hanover in what was then the German Empire. <mask> attended Volksschule as a youth and was then enrolled at the Lüneburg Realgymnasium, graduating in 1927. <mask> went on to study financial law at the University of Göttingen where he became a member of the National Socialist German Students' League. In February 1930 he joined both the Nazi Party (NSDAP Nr.194 463) and the Sturmabteilung (SA), where he would rise to the rank of Scharführer (corporal). After successfully defending his dissertation before the Faculty of Law at the University of Jena, <mask> obtained his doctorate of jurisprudence (Dr. jur.) in July 1932. He joined the Schutzstaffel (SS) in April 1933 (SS Nr. 65 823) and was assigned to the 17th SS-Standarte (regiment) in Lüneburg and later transferred to the 26th SS-Standarte in Hamburg. Early Nazi career
After attending the Nazi Party's State School for Leadership and Politics, <mask> joined the Sicherheitsdienst (SD) in May 1934 and was attached to the SS Regional Headquarters in Weimar as a member of the Stabswache.<mask> qualified as a lawyer after completing his legal clerkship in April 1935 and became a member of

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Ludwig Hermann Karl Hahn
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Hahn
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 the National Socialist Association of Legal Professionals (NS-Rechtswahrerbund). That same year he married Charlotte Steinhoff, sister of the Luftwaffe fighter pilot Johannes Steinhoff, who later served as a senior General with the postwar West German Air Force and was also Chairman of the NATO Military Committee from 1971-1974. The couple would have four children. <mask> began his career with the Nazi security services in June 1935 when he was employed as a consultant (Referent) by the SD-Hauptamt in Berlin. The following year he served as Deputy Director of the Gestapo bureau in Hanover, before returning to Berlin in November 1936 to work as a legal counselor (Regierungsassessor) at Gestapo Headquarters. <mask> underwent military-training with the Wehrmacht in Brandenburg an der Havel and was subsequently reassigned to Weimar as Director of the city's Gestapo branch (Kriminalrat) and Deputy Chief of the Security Police (Stellvertreter Polizeiprasident). He would hold this position from April 1937 to August 1939.<mask> was promoted to the rank of SS-Sturmbannfuhrer (major) in September, 1938. During the build-up to World War II he was transferred to Vienna, Austria in preparation for the looming invasion of Poland. He was assigned to Einsatzgruppe I under the command of Brigadeführer Bruno Streckenbach, and was given command of the sub-unit of Einsatzkommando 1/I. During the invasion of Poland in September 1939, <mask> and his unit were attached to the German 14th Army in the territories of Silesia and Malopolska. World War II
<mask> and his Einsatzkommando took part in the arrests and executions carried out as part of Intelligenzaktion, the Nazi extermination campaign targeting the Polish intelligentsia. Between September and November 1939 <mask> and Einsatzgruppe I were involved in the mass-killing of Polish public officials,

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 activists, intellectuals and army officers in the cities of Katowice, Sanok and Podlesie. They also played a leading role in the expulsion of the Jewish population from the town of Dynow and managed their subsequent deportation into Soviet-occupied eastern Poland.Beginning in January 1940 <mask> took over as Commander of the Sicherheitspolizei (SiPo) and Sicherheitsdienst (SD) in the occupied city of Kraków. Here he would oversee Sonderaktion Krakau, an SS operation which involved the deportation of hundreds of professors and other academics from Jagiellonian University to various concentration camps in Germany. He also served as chief of the "Police Emergency Court" (Standgericht) at Montelupich Prison. In this capacity <mask> was instrumental in the implementation of the German AB-Aktion in Poland. In August 1940 <mask> was transferred to Bratislava, Slovakia where had been appointed Special Representative (Sonderbeauftragter) of the Reichsführer-SS. In this position <mask> served as SS leader Heinrich Himmler's personal emissary to the Nazi-allied government of the Slovak Republic under Jozef Tiso. From April to June 1941 <mask> was stationed in Athens, Greece where he commanded Einsatzgruppe Griechenland during the Balkan Campaign.Following the German victory in the offensive, he was promoted to the rank of SS-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) and returned to his diplomatic post in Slovakia. Warsaw

In August 1941, <mask> returned to Poland and was appointed Commander of the SiPo and SD for the city of Warsaw. During his tenure <mask> was directly involved in the implementation of the Holocaust in Poland. While serving under SS and Police Leader Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg in the summer of 1942, <mask> collaborated with Brigadefuhrer Odilo Globocnik and other personnel associated with Operation Reinhard to carry out

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 the destruction and liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto. Nearly 265,000 Jews perished in the operation, either in mass-shootings conducted by the SS or after being deported to the extermination camp at Treblinka. As a deputy officer to SS and Police Leader Jurgen Stroop, <mask> also had a leading role in the bloody suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in April and May 1943. The brutal pacification of the Ghetto by the SS resulted in the deaths of 13,000 Jews either killed in the fighting or executed.<mask> later orchestrated the deportation of another 56,000 Jews from Warsaw to Treblinka in the aftermath of the rebellion. In April 1944, <mask> was promoted to the rank of SS-Standartenfuhrer (colonel) and received the further title of Oberst der Polizei. During August/October 1944 Warsaw Uprising by the Polish Home Army <mask> fought with the Waffen-SS, leading a battalion of 700 men in the southern districts of the city and later in the downtown area. He also personally commanded the defense of Warsaw’s heavily fortified government district. Following the capitulation of the uprising, <mask>, acting on instructions from Himmler, ordered the mass-killing of Polish civilians in retaliation for the rebellion. Between August and September of 1944 an estimated 5 to 10 thousand men women and children were shot by the Gestapo, mainly in the ruins of the former General Inspectorate of the Armed Forces. <mask> was awarded the Iron Cross, 1st Class for his service in the Uprising.Later service with the SS
In November 1944, <mask> departed Warsaw and returned to Germany. He was stationed in the town of Cochem and was appointed commander of Einsatzgruppe L which was attached to the German Sixth Panzer Army during the Battle of the Bulge. After the failure of the Ardennes offensive, <mask> was transferred to Army Group Vistula on the Eastern


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 Front to serve as a delegate for the SiPo and SD on the general staff of SS-Obergruppenfuhrer Carl Oberg during the Vistula-Oder offensive. In February 1945, he was reassigned to Dresden, where he briefly served as Stabsführer (chief of staff) to SS-Gruppenführer Ludolf von Alvensleben, the Higher SS and Police Leader for the Elbe. <mask> was next appointed Commander of the SiPo and SD for the city of Wiesbaden in March, 1945. However, he was quickly displaced from this position after the city fell to the Allies and instead took over as Commander of the SiPo and SD for Gau Westphalia-North. <mask> was also charged with overseeing the security detail for Gauleiter Alfred Meyer.During the final weeks of the war <mask> and his staff fled to Hessisch-Oldendorf to escape the Allied advance. He was taken prisoner by the British Army on April 12, 1945 but successfully escaped from custody shortly afterward. Postwar life
<mask> remained in Germany after 1945 and went into hiding in Bad Eilsen in the British occupation zone, working for several years as a laborer and farmhand. He later moved to Wuppertal where he worked as a salesman with the textile company of Scharpenack & Teschenmacher. He resumed using his real name in 1949. At a denazification hearing in 1950, <mask>'s wife Charlotte falsely claimed to British authorities that her husband had been taken prisoner by the Russians and deported, prompting the British Army to end its war crimes investigation of him. Afterward, <mask> would go on to pursue a successful postwar career as an insurance broker in West Germany.In 1951 his father-in-law arranged for him to take a position as Deputy Director for Organizational Matters with the Hanover branch of Karlsruher Lebensversicherung A.G. He rose to the office of branch manager in 1955. <mask> and his family relocated to Hamburg in 1958 where

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 he had been hired as head of the life insurance division of Hans Rudolf Schmidt & Co. GmbH. The family settled in a comfortable home in the suburb of Bonningstedt. Trials and convictions

<mask>'s identity was uncovered by journalists in 1960. Following an inquiry by the Central Office of the State Justice Administrations for the Investigation of National Socialist Crimes, <mask> was arrested by the West German federal police for his suspected involvement in the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto. He was held by West German investigators for a year, however no charges were brought and he was released in 1961.Following his release <mask> took a position with the Hamburg branch of Investors Overseas Service. He retired in 1967. He was again arrested by West German police in 1965 and again in 1966 but was only briefly held each time and never charged with any crime. It was not until May 1972 that <mask> was successfully charged with war crimes by the Higher Regional Court of Hamburg. The now 65-year-old <mask> was found guilty in connection with wartime atrocities committed at the Pawiak prison in Warsaw. <mask> was sentenced to 12 years in prison in June 1973 but petitioned the court for an appeal of the verdict. After a two-year review of the trial and the evidence, <mask>'s appeal was rejected by the West German judiciary and he entered prison in March 1975.During the appeals process, <mask> was also on trial in a different West German court; this case surrounded his alleged role in the deportation of an estimated 230,000 Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto to Treblinka. The proceedings opened in October 1974 and <mask> was again found guilty at trial. On 4 July 1975 <mask> was given a further sentence of life imprisonment. Suffering from cancer, <mask> was granted early release from prison in September 1983. He died in Ammersbek on 10

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<mask> (born 19 June 1976) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder from 1994 to 2015. He played in the Premier League for Birmingham City, Charlton Athletic and Hull City as well as featuring in the Football League for Wrexham, Derby County, Burton Albion and Accrington Stanley, in the Conference for Grimsby Town, and for Icelandic club ÍBV Vestmannaeyjar. He finished his career at non-league club Scarborough Athletic. <mask> went into coaching, first as player-coach and joint manager of Scarborough Athletic, then at a York-based academy, and most recently as manager of Wrexham. Playing career

Wrexham
Born in Liverpool, Merseyside, <mask> initially made his name at Wrexham, guiding them to the FA Cup quarter finals in 1996–97 with the goals he scored on that cup run. It was his performances in the FA Cup for Wrexham that caught the attention of Birmingham City. <mask> scored against Colwyn Bay, Scunthorpe United, West Ham United and Birmingham before the Welsh outfit bowed out to Chesterfield.In March 1997, Trevor Francis paid £1,000,000 to take him to St Andrew's. Birmingham City
<mask> made a total of 293 appearances for the Blues, scoring 42 goals, and was an essential part of Steve Bruce's side's playoff-winning season in 2002, and their first and second seasons in the Premier League, before his switch to south-east London. While at Birmingham he played in the 2001 Football League Cup Final as a substitute; although he scored his penalty, Birmingham lost the shootout 5–4. Having rejected a new deal with Birmingham, in July 2004 he moved to Charlton Athletic, signing a three-year contract. Charlton Athletic
<mask> made his debut for Charlton against Bolton Wanderers on 14 August 2004, when he came on as a substitute for Matt Holland who was injured after

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Bryan Hughes
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 twelve minutes. He bagged a brace in a 4–1 FA Cup win over Rochdale at The Valley in January 2005his first goals for the cluband scored for the Addicks in a victory over Yeovil Town in the fourth round. <mask> made 22 appearances for Charlton during the season, and scored his fourth and final goal of the season in the last game against Crystal Palace.In 2005–06, he became the man who caused José Mourinho to lose his first match at Stamford Bridge as Chelsea manager. Included in the side for the third round of the League Cup, <mask> scored the winning penalty in the penalty shootout. He made 40 appearances in total for Charlton, and scored five goals. On 30 December 2006, <mask> scored a last-minute winning goal against Aston Villa, providing new Charlton manager Alan Pardew with his first win for the club. However, he played less often for Charlton during the 2006–07 season, making 27 appearances and only scoring once as they were relegated from the Premier League. Hull City
<mask> joined Championship club Hull City on a free transfer from Charlton Athletic on a three-year deal on 29 June 2007, He made his Hull debut in a 3–2 defeat against Plymouth Argyle on 11 August, and scored his first league goal for the Tigers in a 5–0 win against Southampton on 15 March 2008. He made 39 appearances that season, including all three playoff matches, as Hull were promoted to the Premier League for the first time in their history.He did not play as often in the next season in the Premier League, making only eight appearances. <mask> signed for Derby County on a month's loan on 22 October 2009, and made three appearances before returning to Hull. His contract with Hull was mutually terminated before the close of the January 2010 transfer window. Burton Albion
After trials with Championship club Cardiff

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 City, Huddersfield Town, and Walsall, <mask> signed a one-month deal with Football League Two club Burton Albion on 14 December 2010. He made his debut on 1 January 2011 in a 1–1 home draw with Shrewsbury Town in which he was substituted in the 56th minute by Aaron Webster. That was his only appearance for the club, and he left when his contract expired. Grimsby Town
After a trial with Conference National team Grimsby Town, in which he played in a behind-closed-doors friendly with Lincoln City, <mask> signed for the club on 31 January 2011 until the end of the season.He made his debut the next day in a 2–2 away draw with Southport. He only played three times for the club, and was among a number of players released at the end of the season by the club's new managerial duo Rob Scott and Paul Hurst. ÍBV Vestmannaeyjar
In 2011, <mask> joined Icelandic club ÍBV Vestmannaeyjar, who were playing in the UEFA Europa League that season. Accrington Stanley
On 27 October 2011, <mask> joined League Two club Accrington Stanley on non-contract terms. Assigned squad number 27, he made his Stanley debut in a 2–1 win over Bristol Rovers on 5 November. On 10 December, <mask> set up Pádraig Amond's opening goal as Stanley beat AFC Wimbledon 2–0. He scored his first goal for the club in a 3–1 victory over Torquay United on 17 Decemberhis first goal in English football since 2008and scored the winner against Morecambe on Boxing Day.His contribution to the club's 10 points from a possible 12 in December earned him the League Two Player of the Month award. He made 22 appearances for Accrington, scoring three times, and left the club at the end of the season after contract negotiations broke down. Scarborough Athletic
In March 2013, <mask> joined Scarborough Athletic of the Northern Counties East League Premier

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 Division until the end of the season. He started his first game on 9 March against Pickering Town, and scored his first goal a week later in a 4–2 victory at Parkgate. In April 2014 he was appointed as one of manager Rudy Funk's joint assistant managers. Following Funk's resignation in November 2014, he was appointed joint manager alongside Paul Foot. In October 2015, alongside his role with Scarborough, <mask> took up the post of head of coaching at the i2i International Soccer Academy, a facility associated with York St John University.Two months later, <mask> and Foot left Scarborough by mutual consent after a series of poor results. Managerial career
On 6 February 2019, <mask> was appointed as manager of National League club Wrexham on a three-and-a-half-year deal. His team finished the season in fourth place but lost in the play-off quarter-final. After the team went eight games without a win and dropped into the relegation places, <mask> was sacked on 25 September 2019.

International career
He made one appearance for a Football League under-21 representative team in a friendly against an Italian Serie B under-21 team. Personal life
In 2014, <mask> was appointed as head of the UK footgolf academy scheme. Career statistics

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
Footballers from Liverpool
English footballers
Association football midfielders
Wrexham A.F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C.players
Charlton Athletic F.C. players
Hull City A.F.C. players
Derby County F.C. players
Burton Albion F.C. players
Grimsby Town F.C. players
Accrington Stanley F.C. players
Íþróttabandalag Vestmannaeyja players
Scarborough Athletic F.C.players
English Football League players
Premier League players
National League (English football) players
English football managers
Wrexham A.F.C.


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<mask>f (1900 Berlin – 1981 New York City) was a dance theorist, dancer, choreographer, physical therapist, and a leading pioneer of dance therapy. A student of Rudolf Laban, she pursued cross-cultural dance analysis, and generated a new vision of possibilities for human movement and movement training. From her experiences applying Laban’s concepts of dynamism, three-dimensional movement and mobilization to the rehabilitation of people affected by polio in the 1940s, she went on to develop her own set of movement methods and exercises, known as Bartenieff Fundamentals. Bartenieff incorporated Laban's spatial concepts into the mechanical anatomical activity of physical therapy, in order to enhance maximal functioning. In physical therapy, that meant thinking in terms of movement in space, rather than by strengthening muscle groups alone. The introduction of spatial concepts required an awareness of intent on the part of the patient as well, that activated the patient's will and thus connected the patient's independent participation to his or her own recovery. "There is no such thing as pure “physical therapy” or pure “mental” therapy.They are continuously interrelated." Bartenieff’s presentation of herself was quiet and, according to herself, she did not feel comfortable marketing her skills and knowledge. Not until June 1981, a few months before she died, did her name appear in the institute’s title:  Laban/Bartenieff Institute of Movement Studies (LIMS), a change initiated by the Board of Directors in her honor. Biography
<mask> Bartenieff (born February 24, 1900 in Berlin, Germany, d. August 27, 1981 in New York City) was a dancer, physical therapist, cross-cultural scholar and pioneer in the field of dance/movement

masks:
Irmgard Bartenief
Irmgard