texts: have complete freedom to rewrite his dialogue. When he appeared in It Happened Here, a 1966 World War II film, he wrote many of his own lines, which the filmmakers later said "gave his dialogue an individual slant which enhanced his performance". He also helped in other aspects of the filmmaking, including casting; he introduced the filmmakers to Fiona Leland, who would be cast as the wife of <mask>'s character in It Happened Here. He wrote other plays, including The Ship's Bell, The Cliff Walk, The Glass Maze and Cul de Sac. He also wrote Poems, a collection of his personal poetry, which saw a limited print of 300 editions by publisher Exeter University. <mask> wrote The Christening, his only novel, in 1975.It centres around Miles Madgwick, who believes that he is bisexual but is too timid to find out through physical intercourse, so he instead describes his most intimate thoughts in his diary. He then meets a married woman named Alice and her son, Rodney; he comes to identify with Rodney's childhood innocence, and in Alice sees a symbol both of his mother and a heterosexual lover. Alice starts to tire of her husband and grow fonder of Madgwick, who experiences mixed emotions in his continued interactions with her and Rodney. One night, Rodney stays overnight at Madgwick's house and, when he takes the boy home in a taxicab, the driver observes their strange behaviour and accuses Madgwick of being a pederast. When Alice asks Madgwick to become the godfather to her new child, the driver threatens to expose Madgwick, creating a conflict between losing his first feelings of intimacy with others or facing humiliation and ridicule at the driver's exposure. A description in the book

masks: Shaw Shaw


type: original

texts:
 cover flap reads, "In this tender, sensitive and blackly comic novel, <mask>, the distinguished Shakespearean actor, explores areas of sexual and emotional encounter that are rarely seen and, unfortunately, too rarely understood." <mask> originally planned to call the novel The Godfather, but later said he was glad he did not due to the popularity of Mario Puzo's book of that name.He was said to have been working on another novel shortly after The Christening was completed, but no others were ever published. <mask>'s memoirs were published posthumously in 2016. Return of the Jedi

In 1982, <mask> was chosen for the small but crucial role of redeemed, unmasked and dying Anakin Skywalker in Return of the Jedi, the third and final film in the original Star Wars trilogy. As in the previous films, David Prowse and Bob Anderson played the costumed scenes, while James Earl Jones and Ben Burtt provided the voice and breaths of Darth Vader. <mask> was cast in a single scene with Mark Hamill, during the moment aboard the second Death Star when Luke Skywalker unmasks his dying father. Since the scene was unquestionably the emotional climax of the film, the casting crew sought an experienced actor for the role. Contrary to popular belief, <mask> was familiar with the previous two Star Wars films and enjoyed them particularly for the visual effects, which he described in an interview with science-fiction film magazine Starlog as "brilliant techniques which, in many ways, were revolutionary, something quite new."When <mask> arrived at the set for filming, he ran into his friend Ian McDiarmid, the actor playing Emperor Palpatine. When McDiarmid asked him what he was doing there, <mask>

masks:
Sebastian Shaw
Shaw
Shaw
Shaw
Shaw
Shaw
Shaw
Shaw


texts:
 responded, "I don't know, dear boy, I think it's something to do with science-fiction." His presence during the filming was kept secret from all but the minimum cast and crew, and <mask> was contractually obliged not to discuss any film secrets with anyone, even his family. The unmasking scene, directed by Richard Marquand, was filmed in one day and required only a few takes, with no alteration from the original dialogue. When the film was re-released on DVD in 2004, a few changes were made: the unmasking scene with Hamill remained mostly the same, but <mask>'s eyebrows were digitally removed to maintain continuity with the injuries Darth Vader suffers at the end of Revenge of the Sith. <mask>'s eyes were also digitally coloured to match Hayden Christensen's, who portrayed Anakin in Attack of the Clones and Revenge of the Sith. Star Wars creator George Lucas personally directed <mask> for his appearance in the final scene of the film, in which he is a Force ghost of Anakin.<mask>'s image in this scene was replaced with that of Christensen in the 2004 release. This last attempt to tie the prequel and original trilogies together proved to be among the most controversial changes in the Star Wars re-releases. Although <mask>'s unmasking scene lasted only two minutes and seven seconds and included just 24 words of dialogue spoken by <mask>, he received more fan mail and autograph requests from Return of the Jedi than he had for any role in the rest of his career. He later reflected that he very much enjoyed his experience filming for Return of the Jedi and expressed particular surprise that an action figure was made of him from the film. Later career

<mask> remained active in his

masks: Shaw Shaw Shaw Shaw Shaw Shaw Shaw Shaw


texts:
 later years; along with fellow Royal Shakespeare Company actors Ian Richardson, John Nettles, Martin Best and Ann Firbank, he engaged in discussions and workshops with acting teachers and students in the early 1980s. Although appearances in films became far less common in his later career, he received much acclaim for his performance as the Cold War spy Sharp in Clare Peploe's High Season at the New York Film Festival in 1987; The San Diego Union-Tribune said <mask> played the role with "endearing, sweet gravity". One of his last performances was in the Christmas season of 1988 and 1989, when he played the wizard in a stage production of The Wizard of Oz at the Barbican Centre.The Times said audiences were "delighted to recognise his honeyed threats from behind the great carapace that disguised the Wizard of Oz". <mask> became an honorary life-member at the Garrick Club, which included such past members as writers Charles Dickens, J.M. Barrie, Kingsley Amis and A.A. Milne; artists Dante Gabriel Rossetti and John Everett Millais; and composer Edward Elgar. Death
<mask> died of natural causes on 23 December 1994 at age 89 in Brighton, Sussex, England. A memorial service was held on 15 February 1995 at St Paul's, Covent Garden, commonly known as the Actors' Church due to its long association with the theatre community. Actors Ian Richardson and Ben Kingsley read works by William Shakespeare, stage actress Estelle Kohler read How Do I Love Thee? by Victorian poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning, actress Sheila Allen read Life by Welsh poet George Herbert and actor Kenneth Branagh read from the works of Canon Henry Scott Holland.One of <mask>'s own poems, Gemini, was also read. Baritone

masks: Shaw Shaw Shaw Shaw


texts:
 Stephen Varcoe sang  by Johannes Brahms, accompanied by Graham Johnson on the piano, and guitarist Martin Best performed and sang his composition of Ariel's Songs from The Tempest. <mask> was survived by his partner Joan Ingpen, daughter Drusilla MacLeod, sisters Susan Bonner-Morgan and Penelope Harness, and sister-in-law Olga Young. Filmography

References

External links

1905 births
1994 deaths
Alumni of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
English male film actors
English male stage actors
English male television actors
English theatre directors
English male poets
English male novelists
English male dramatists and playwrights
People educated at Gresham's School
People from Holt, Norfolk
Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve personnel of World War II
Royal Shakespeare Company members
20th-century English male actors
20th-century English male writers
Royal Air Force


texts:
<mask> (4 June 1891 – 14 November 1978) was a German Jewish architect and urban planner who was a proponent of modernism in Germany and the UK. Life and career

Born in Breslau (now Wroclaw) in Silesia in 1891. Between 1909 and 1911 he studied at the Königliche Kunst- und Kunstgewerbeschule (Royal Art and Crafts School) in Berlin. After World War I he worked briefly at the office of expressionist architect Erich Mendelsohn. In the 1920s he was active in the modernist architectural movement in Berlin, and associated with Bauhaus architects such as Walter Gropius and Ernst May. He was a member of Der Ring Berlin architectural collective. He published his influential work Glas.Im Bau und als Gebrauchsgegenstand (published in English as Glass in Modern Architecture) in 1929. After the Nazi rise to power he was forbidden to practice as an architect in Germany on account of being Jewish. He moved first to Yugoslavia, then, in 1938, to London. There he joined the Modern Architectural Research (MARS) Group where, as chair of the town planning subcommittee, he was involved in drawing up the modernist MARS plan for post war London published in 1942. Between 1941 and 1945 he taught architecture and planning at the Oxford School of Architecture, then in London from 1945, not only at the Architectural Association, where his teaching contribution became widely known, but also at the Hammersmith College of Art and Building, for whose School of Architecture he is credited as being one of the major influences in its re-emergence after the Second World War. He was for many years a resident in the Isokon flats in Lawn Road, London, and retired in 1965 before moving to Austria in 1969. Glass in Modern Architecture

-Influenced by the principles of the Die Neue Sachlichkeit (New


texts:
 Objectivity), Glass in Modern Architecture, published in 1929, has been described by Raymond McGrath as a 'prophetic book'.As well as visually presenting possibilities of glass, for instance, in the exterior walls of buildings, for the first time, it presents a pictorial history of the new architecture of the 1920s, including the early work of Mies Van der Rohe, the Bauhaus at Dessau and the Weissenhofsiedlung in Stuttgart. The written part of the book is limited, consisting of an introduction and some writing on material and techniques, omitted from later editions. Something of <mask>'s enthusiasm for the new architectural possibilities of the material is conveyed. Glass, he claims ist da, und es ist nicht da, it is 'noticeable yet not quite visible ...the great membrane, full of mystery, delicate yet tough'. The MARS Plan for London
"The plan for London issued by the Mars Group (the English wing of CIAM) and prepared by their Town Planning Committee was a marked contrast to anything that had gone before and, one might add, anything produced subsequently. It was frankly Utopian and Socialistic in concept." Dennis Sharp, 1971.Influenced by the pan European CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne), the MARS (Modern Architectural Research) Group were interested in applying the ideas of the modernist movement in Britain, most notably in a post war plan for London. As chair of the plan's governing committee at MARS, <mask> worked with what was described as a 'small and devoted' group including architects <mask> and Maxwell Fry, the latter who worked as secretary, and fellow Jewish emigre, engineer Felix Samuely. Korn is described as having been 'the main spring of the enterprise'  and as providing an 'infectious enthusiasm' that drove the project forward.

masks:
Korn
Arthur Korn
Arthur Ling


texts:
 Influenced by the Soviet urbanist Milyutin, the plan essentially conceived the centre of the city remaining much the same but with a series of linear forms or tongues extending from the Thames, described as like a herring bone, composed of social units and based around the rail network. Habitation in each social unit was to consist mainly of flats and owed much to  Le Corbusier's notion of the Unite d'Habitation. Described as 'unworkable' by Dennis Sharp, in his 1971 essay on the plan, he concedes it 'was not a concrete scheme but a concept that would by its very nature produce interpretations'. Marmaras and Sutcliffe argue the plan 'saw London almost entirely in terms of movement ...[being] presented primarily as a centre of exchange and communications'.Moughtin and Shirley (1995) note that one of the aims of the plan was to promote public transport, where with railways integral to planning, the 'need for cars will be few'. <mask>'s initial chairmanship of the plan was interrupted by his 18-month internship in the Isle of Man from 1939, on account of his German citizenship and perceived Communist sympathies, the period during which work on the plan fissled out. On his release, in 1941, work recommenced, an exhibition of the plan was organised and a 'description and analysis' was published under the joint authorship of <mask> and Felix Samuely in the Architectural Association journal in 1942. Teaching years at the Architectural Association

<mask> taught at the Architectural Association in London, from 1945, for over 20 years. A year after his retirement, a collection of essays was published, edited by Dennis Sharp, to mark his time spent there. Sharp's preface referred to <mask>'s 'quiet achievement in influencing generations of architects and planners', through

masks:
Korn
Arthur Korn
Arthur Korn
Korn


texts:
 his work and his teaching. Edward Carter's introduction writes of  <mask> as teacher, who, at this best, gave the impression of 'a great performance', and describes how:

"The widening of his exposition from some explicit detail to a comprehensive view of life as a whole, illustrated with athletic gesture and by drawings which extended exuberantly across the blackboard to comprehend in one diagram  a whole wealth of ideas, and all the time the flow of his emotive, witty multilingual words…".Influenced by the unitary aesthetic of the Bauhaus, <mask> was described as someone whose vision of architecture spanned the 'whole range of scales from town to teaspoon'. In his teaching, as in his work in England, he was concerned with the relationship between architecture and planning, how, through these forms, we can express the 'uniqueness of modern life' and overcome the problems it presents. Whilst contributing to a retrospective analysis of the MARS plan for London, in 1971, <mask> describes architecture as something in which:
"The battle between the machine-man and the analytical artist, between the collective and the individual, putting itself in order like the voice of music – free and according to mystic laws – repeats the ascension from the necessity of the constructive-analytical to the intuitive-artistic reality.". Whilst praised for his passion and willingness to accept 'paper plans' and 'Utopian projects', he could sometimes be uncompromising and frank. On a visit to a newly built block of flats in Portsmouth, he is known to have exclaimed to those present, many of whom were ex-students of his:
'You have built these chicken-coops, these rabbit hutches! You?'. Buildings
 1922–1924: Large house for Jeanette Goldstein, later "House of German gymnasia", West

masks:
Korn
Arthur Korn
Korn


texts:
 Berlin, Arysallee / Sensburger Avenue, demolished (damaged in World War II, demolished 1957).1923: Kruger residence in Berlin-Westend. 1924: Benda residence in Berlin-Westend. 1924: Factory Building the Hermann Guiard & Co. shoe factory in Burg bei Magdeburg, Blumenthaler highway. 1924: Residence for Dr. Krojanker in Burg, near Magdeburg. 1924: Goldstein House, Berlin-Westend, (with Siegfried Weitzmann). 1924: House for Fritz Wasservogel in Berlin-Westend, Länderallee / Bayernallee (Demolished in 1970). 1925: Optician Shop of the company Fromm & Co. in Berlin, Memhardstraße 4 (destroyed in World War II)
 1926: Reconstruction of the office building of the Berlin guard and Schließgesellschaft in Berlin.1927–1928: House of Dr. Martin Abraham, in Berlin-Zehlendorf, Berry Street. 1928: Shop of the company Kopp & Joseph in Berlin. 1930–1931: new buildings of the rubber factory Fromms Act by Julius Fromm in Berlin-Köpenick, Friedrichshagener Street. References

Books
Glas. Im Bau und als Gebrauchsgegenstand. (Glass in Modern Architecture) (Berlin: 1929)

History Builds the Town. (London: Lund, Humphries, 1953)

Literature
Andreas Zeese: Die vergessene Moderne.<mask> – Architekt, Urbanist, Lehrer (1891–1978). Leben und Werk eines jüdischen Avantgardisten in Berlin und London. Diss. Universität Wien 2010 (in German)
 The History of European Photography 1900–1938, FOTOFO., 2011. External links
 New York Times
 Oxford Art Online
 Oxford Dictionary of National Bibliography

1891 births
1978 deaths
20th-century German architects
Modernist architects from Germany
Bauhaus
German urban planners
German military personnel of World War I
Jewish architects
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom
Silesian Jews
German expatriates in England
Architects from


texts:
<mask> (born 23 September 1968) is an English television presenter, producer and actress. She became the youngest presenter on Blue Peter aged 18, and one of her episodes was subsequently voted the "Favourite Blue Peter moment" ever. With her husband Karl Beattie, she presented the Most Haunted series on the Living channel, via their own production company, followed by Ghosthunting With..., establishing <mask> as 'first lady of the paranormal'. She has appeared in a wide range of other programmes, from The Wright Stuff to Through the Keyhole and I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!. Early life
<mask> was born in Stockport and grew up in Bramhall where she attended Pownall Green Primary School and Bramhall High School. She attended Stockport Convent, Hillcrest Grammar School, Davenport and Dane Bank College in Crewe. Career

Early career
<mask>'s first major role came in 1983 when she was cast in the children's BBC series Seaview.The comedy-drama show centred around a teenage girl called Sandy Shelton (played by <mask>), growing up living at her parents' guest house in Blackpool. The show ran for two series and secured <mask>'s popularity with younger audiences. After this, <mask> made a guest appearance in an episode of Juliet Bravo. Blue Peter and beyond
In 1987, <mask> became a presenter on the BBC children's show, Blue Peter. To date <mask> holds the record of being the youngest presenter on Blue Peter, starting on 29 June 1987 three months before her 19th birthday. While on the series <mask> also had an acting role in Last of the Summer Wine (making an appearance in the series while making a Blue Peter report on the show). During her time on the show, <mask> won the SOS Award for the Most Popular Woman on Television, competing with Cilla Black, Victoria Wood and Kylie Minogue.Years after <mask> left the show, her trip on a rollercoaster with fellow presenter Mark Curry was voted the Favourite Blue Peter moment

masks:
Yvette Paula Fielding
Fielding
Fielding
Fielding
Fielding
Fielding
Fielding
Fielding
Fielding
Fielding
Fielding
Fielding


texts: of all time by viewers. After five years of Blue Peter, <mask> co-hosted What's Up Doc?, a Saturday morning children's show on ITV. The series ran for three years and established <mask> with slightly older audiences. From 1995 <mask> made a successful transition from children's to television for an older audience. After leaving What's Up Doc? <mask> presented  The Heaven and Earth Show, The General and City Hospital for the BBC. She was a regular host of Karaoke Challenge and contributed weekend continuity for Challenge TV.<mask> also appeared in the ITV game show Win, Lose or Draw in 1995 and 1996. <mask> briefly returned to children's television in 1997, appearing in two episodes of the CBBC drama series Byker Grove, playing the role of Samantha Fuller. From 1998 to 2000, <mask> appeared as a regular alongside Fred Dinenage and Toyah Willcox on a property-pricing based game-show called Under Offer made for Meridian Television. In 2003, <mask> appeared as a guest on the Channel 4 chat show Richard & Judy. In 2004, <mask> was named 'Multichannel personality of the year' at the Variety Club Showbusines awards. In 2005, <mask> appeared as Annie Lennox in a celebrity special of ITV's Stars in Their Eyes, and also appeared as a guest panellist on Channel 5 show The Wright Stuff (<mask> made further guest appearances on the show in 2008 and 2009). Later in the same year she also made a guest appearance on the BBC music quiz show Never Mind the Buzzcocks.In 2007 <mask> appeared as a guest on the ITV chat show Loose Women, and appeared as a contestant in the ITV2 reality television programme Deadline, finishing second. Later on in the year she appeared as a guest on That Antony Cotton Show. In January 2008, <mask> appeared as a contestant on the BBC quiz show Celebrity Mastermind, with her specialist subject being Henry VIII. <mask> and her husband were the celebrity subjects of a one-hour documentary for Living called

masks: Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding


texts:
 Living With Yvette & Karl which aired on 1 November 2008. A sequel documentary entitled In Bed with Yvette & Karl which aired on Living on 17 January 2009, charted <mask>'s hysterectomy operation and recovery. A full-length series of In Bed with Yvette & Karl, was then commissioned, and aired on Living during June and July 2009. In October 2009, a further documentary entitled Yvette & Karl: Life begins at 40 was broadcast.From February to March 2009, <mask> appeared in the ITV1 variety TV show Saturday Night Takeaway. <mask> featured in the Ant v Dec segment of the programme, as a member of Ant's team (she was eliminated from the contest in the 5th round). On 21 May 2009, <mask> appeared for a fourth time on The Paul O'Grady Show, and a day later, she appeared on Friday Night with Jonathan Ross. In May 2009, <mask> appeared as a guest on the ITV talent show spin-off Britain's Got More Talent. In July 2009, <mask> was a celebrity panellist in an episode of the Channel 4 comedy show 8 out of 10 Cats. In November 2009, <mask> appeared as a celebrity contestant in an episode of Come Dine With Me, finishing third. In May 2010, <mask> appeared as a guest on the Channel 5 chat show Justin Lee Collins: Good Times.In December 2011, <mask> appeared as part of a celebrity team on the BBC Two quiz show Eggheads. Presenting the paranormal
In 2002, <mask> <mask> and her husband Karl Beattie established their own television production company, Antix Productions. Their first production was Most Haunted for the British TV channel Living. In the show, viewers can see <mask> and paranormal experts investigating various supposedly haunted locations around Britain, in the hopes that paranormal activity may be documented by the crew. Most Haunted proved popular with audiences and remains to this day one of Living's highest-rated original shows. Leading on from this, in 2006 <mask> presented and produced Ghosthunting With..., a paranormal

masks: Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Yvette Fielding Fielding Fielding


texts: show for ITV2 which shows <mask> leading various celebrities around haunted locations. These two shows established <mask> <mask> as British televisions 'first lady' of the paranormal, and somewhat of a cult figure.<mask> has made many appearances and interviews in the British media in connection with her paranormal investigations and programmes, including guest appearances on The Sunday Night Project (Channel 4), The Chris Moyles Show (BBC Radio 1) and Friday Night with Jonathan Ross (BBC One). Furthering her paranormal franchise, in 2008 <mask> made her first move into radio broadcasting, hosting <mask> <mask>'s Fright Nights on Kerrang! Radio. <mask> left the radio station a few months later however, due to other work commitments. In 2008 <mask> and Beattie formed a new company called Monster Pictures to operate the Paranormal Channel. <mask> acted as anchor to the channel and presented original programming on the station. The channel was subsequently renamed the Unexplained Channel in 2009.In October 2009 Living aired a two-part documentary featuring <mask> with Paul O'Grady entitled Death in Venice. The documentary saw the pair investigating claims of ghost and vampire sightings in Poveglia, Italy. <mask> announced on 25 June 2010, via the Antix Productions website, that she was to step down as presenter of Most Haunted. In subsequent interviews, <mask> also indicated that she would finish presenting Ghosthunting with.. and all other paranormal-based broadcasts in 2010. However, seemingly contradicting this, in May 2011, <mask> appeared in an episode of the UK version of the Celebrity Ghost Stories series for the bio channel, with the entire UK series of Celebrity Ghost Stories being produced by <mask>'s Antix Productions company. Then in September 2011 <mask> presented another episode of Ghosthunting with... featuring the cast of The Only Way Is Essex. In April 2012, <mask> appeared in an episode of Olly: Life

masks: Fielding Yvette Fielding Fielding Fielding Yvette Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding


texts:
 on Murs, in which she and Olly Murs visited a haunted house.In October 2012, <mask> appeared on BBC Radio 2 and The Alan Titchmarsh Show on ITV1 talking about the paranormal and her ghost hunting career. In these interviews <mask> stated that she will return to Most Haunted in 2013. In 2014, <mask> once again returned to hosting Most Haunted, when a new series was produced for the Freeview channel, Really. In March 2013 <mask> appeared in the Peter Kay Sit down for Comic Relief comedy sketch as part of Red Nose Day 2013. In June 2013 she co-hosted Real Radio North West's breakfast show, with Glen Hunt, as a stand in for the normal co-host, Lorna Bancroft. As well as presenting Most Haunted, <mask> also ran and co-owned a tea shop in Manchester called 'Propertea', near to Manchester Cathedral until 2016 when she left to start her own tea shop. In 2015, <mask> was a celebrity homeowner in an episode of Through the Keyhole.In November 2015 <mask> took part in the ITV reality series I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! She finished the show in tenth place after being evicted on 30 November. Personal life
<mask>, her husband Karl Beattie, and her two children live on a farm in Sandbach, Cheshire. She is very fond of cars and owns 3 Aston Martins, a Land Rover, a Range Rover and a London Taxi (which she uses in Ghosthunting with...), Porsche 911 and a Porsche Chesil Speedster (which Karl, her husband, gave Yvette as a 40th Birthday present in America). <mask> has stated that she has vitiligo, a disorder that causes depigmentation in patches of her skin. References

External links

 Antix Productions website

1968 births
Blue Peter presenters
English television presenters
Living people
Paranormal investigators
People educated at Bramhall High School
People educated at Hillcrest Grammar School
People from Stockport
People from Sandbach
People with vitiligo
I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (British TV series)

masks: Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding Fielding


texts:
<mask> (1918 in São José dos Campos, SP – 15 June 1985 in São Paulo, SP) was a Professor at the Universidade de São Paulo (USP). He was a research scientist, a lecturer, an editor, an administrator and also an artist. In his scientific work, he was a pioneer ecologist in Brazil. His power of communication linked to a great love of botany and the environment and a deep scientific knowledge made of him an exceptional lecturer. In his books and articles on science he informed the public about ecology and pollution – and in a very simple but precise language he presented the necessary data to understand the importance of the protection of the environment. Biography
<mask> was married to <mask> since 1941. He made his primary studies in São José dos Campos and his secondary studies were in the city of São Paulo at the Instituto de Educação Caetano de Campos.In 1935 he became a teacher for primary and secondary schools. He became a science graduate at the Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLUSP). He was the first collaborator to Professor Felix Rawitscher, who had organized the Department of Botany in the FFCLUSP. He obtained his PhD at USP in 1944 and a Livre-Docencia (fully tenured) in 1951. In 1955 he got the position of Full Professor of Botany at the Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras. He

masks:
Mario Guimarães Ferri
Mario Guimarães Ferri
Ruth Lippi Ferri


texts:
 undertook scientific research in Botany and in Ecology. In Botany, he did pioneer work in Brazil with phytohormones, mainly auxins, and succeeded in raising interest in this subject.All his articles published between 1945 and 1951 deal with phytohormones. His interest in the area was a consequence of his studies in plant physiology in the USA – where with the aid of a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, he was able to work at the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, at Columbia University, and at the California Institute of Technology. In the area of Tropical Ecology he was responsible for the formation of several students. He was one of the founder members of the Academia de Ciências do Estado de São Paulo, the only one from the area of Botany. He was also very active in directing the USP Publishing House (EDUSP) where he courageously promoted at that time the publication of scientific books in Portuguese by Brazilian scientists. He was the supervisor of twenty PhD students. <mask> is also known as an artist of finearts – and he started producing his drawings in 1961.Work positions
He was a Lecturer, a Full Professor and Head of the Department of Botany of the Instituto of Biociencias, USP. From 1961 to 1968 he was the Director of the Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras and for five years he was Vice-Principal of


texts:
 USP, then Principal in 1967 and 1968. From 1961 to 1968 he was a Member of the Advisory Board of USP. For a number of years, starting in 1964, he was the President of the Editorial Board of USP and during his period 1806 books were published in collaboration with several publishing houses, in several fields of knowledge. He was also a referee for several scientific journals in Brazil and outside Brazil. Prizes
 Professor Emeritus, USP (1975)
 Honorary Member of the Associação Brasileira de Arquitetos Paisagistas (1975)
 Honors medals of the Inconfidência Mineira, from the State of Minas Gerais Government (1977 and 1981)
 Santos Dumont Mérito Aeronáutico, Gold Grade (1981)
 Honorary Citizen of the State of Minas Gerais (1974)
 Member of the Instituto de Cultura Hispânica (1961)
 Member of the Instituto de Geografia de Portugal (1961)

Artist of finearts
Ferri took part in group and individual exhibitions, in several Brazilian States:

 9th São Paulo Bienal (1976)
 Associação dos Amigos do Museu de Arte Moderna of São Paulo (1968)
 1st Salão Paulista de Arte Contemporânea
 1st Pré-Bienal de Artes Plásticas
 His last exhibition was a retrospective of his Works in the Galeria Ibero-Americana de Arte, in São Paulo, between 17 November and 15 December 1983 – at which 165 of his works were presented, ranging over the period 1961 and


texts:
 1983,

PhD Thesis
 Transpiração de plantas permanentes do cerrado. (in Portuguese)

Tese de Cátedra ("full professor thesis")
 Contribuição ao conhecimento da ecologia do cerrado e da caatinga.Estudo comparativo da economia d'água de sua vegetação. (in Portuguese)

Pioneer in Ecology
He pioneered field work in Plant Ecology in Brazil. His PhD thesis was one of the first scientific works of an experimental nature in the study of ecology of the vegetation of the cerrados. The first work in experimental field ecology in Brazil is a collaboration he undertook with Felix Rawitscher and Mercedes Rachid – Profundidade dos solos e vegetação dos cerrados do Brasil Meridional. (in Portuguese);

Publications
 Ferri, M. G., 1938. Sobre a função dos hidropôtios. An.la. Reunião Sul-americana de Botânica, vol. I.
 <mask>, M. G., 1942. Observação sobre a metodologia para o estudo da transpiração cuticular em plantas brasileiras, especialmente em Cedrela fissilis. Bolm Fac. Fil. Ciên.Letras USP 28, Bot. 3. <mask>, M. G., 1943. Observações sobre a Lagoa Santa. Ceres 4. <mask>, M. G., 1943. Profundidade dos solos e vegetação em campos cerrados do Brasil Meridional.An. Acad. Brasil. Ciênc. 15. <mask>, M. G., 1944. Transpiração de plantas permanentes dos cerrados.Bolm Fac. Ciênc. Letras USP 41. Bot. 4. <mask>, M. G., 1945. Preliminary observations on the

masks: Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri


texts: translocation of synthetic growth substances.Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst. 14. <mask>, M. G., 1946. Pesquisas recentes de alcance prático sobre hormônios de crescimento. Rev. Soc.Rural Brasil S. Paulo 26, nº 306. <mask>, M. G., 1946. Informações sobre o estado atual das pesquisas sobre hormônios de crescimento. Rev. Soe. Rural Brasil. S.Paulo 26, n° 306.<mask>, M. G., 1947. The enzymatic conversion of tryptophan to auxin by spinach leaves. Arch. Biochem. 13. <mask>, M. G., 1948. Partenocarpia induzida com ácido-β-naftoxiacético.Bolm Fac. Fil. Ciênc. Letras, USP 91, Bot. 6. <mask>, M. G., 1948. Stomatal behaviour as influenced by treatment with naphtoxyacetic acid.Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst. 15. <mask>, M. G., 1949. Hormônios e substâncias sintéticas promotoras ou reguladoras do crescimento das plantas. Ciência & Cult. 1.<mask>, M. G., 1949. Further information on the stomatal behaviour as influenced by treatment with hormone-like substances. An. Acad. brasil. Ciênc.21. <mask>, M. G., 1950.Síntese, natureza química, modo de ação e inativação dos fitohormônios. Rodriguesia 24. <mask>, M. G., 1950. Riboflavina e fototropismo das articulações das folhas de feijão. Ciência & Cult. 3. <mask>, M. G., 1950.Influence of growth substances on the pulvini of the primary leaves of bean plants. An. Acad. brasil. Ciênc. 22. <mask>, M. G.,

masks: Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri


texts: 1951.Fluorescence and photoinactivation of indoleacetic acid. Arch. Biochem. & Byophys. 31. <mask>, M. G., 1951. Nuevas informaciones sobre la influencia de substancias de crescimento en el movimento de las articulaciones de las hojas primarias de Phaseolus vulgaris L. Phyton 1.<mask>, M. G., 1951. Fotodestruição do fitohormônio ácido indolil-3-acético por compostos fluorescentes. Bolm Fac. Ciênc. Letras USP 102, Bot. 9. <mask>, M. G., 1951.Photoinactivation of the plant-hormone indoleacetic acid by fluorescent substances. Nature 4269. <mask>, M. G., 1952. Water balance of plants from the "Caatinga". I. Transpiration of some of the most frequent species of the "Caatinga of Paulo Afonso (Bahia) in the rainy season. Revta bras. Biol.12. <mask>, M. G., 1952. O caminho do carbono na fotossintese: XIV. Tradução do trabalho de Melvin, G., J.A. Bassham, A.A. Benson, S. Kawaguchi, V.H. Linch, W. Stepka e N.E. Robert.Selecta Chimica 10. <mask>, M. G., 1953. Observações sobre a influência de compostos fluorescentes no crescimento de fungos. Revta bras. Biol. 13. <mask>, M. G., 1953.Balanço de água de plantas da caatinga. An. 4º Congr. Nac. Soc. Bot. do Brasil.<mask>, M. G., 1953. Mecanismo do efeito de substancias de crescimento sobre o movimento de folhas de feijão (nota preliminar). An. 4º Congr. Nac. Soe. Bot.do Brasil. <mask>, M. G., 1953.

masks: Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri


texts: Como florescem as plantas. Ciência & Cult. 5. <mask>, M. G., 1953. Water balance of plants from the "Caatinga".II. Further information on transpiration and stomatal behaviour. Revta bras. Biol.13. <mask>, M. G., 1954 A Botânica em São Paulo, desde a criação de sua Universidade. Jornal O Estado de S. Paulo", nº 24.145. <mask>, M. G., 1954.Transpiração de Eucalyptus tereticornis. Bolm Fac. Fil. Ciênc. Letras USP 173, Bot. 11. <mask>, M. G., 1954.On the morphology of the stomata of Eucalyptus terticornis, Ouratea spectabilis and Cedrela fissilis''. Bolm Fac. Ciênc. Letras USP 173. Bot.11. <mask>, M. G., 1954. Observações sobre a influência de compostos fluorescentes no enraizamento de estacas.I. Revta bras. Biol. 14. <mask>, M. G., 1954. Water balance of the "caatinga", a semiarid type of vegetation of Northern Brazil. Compt. Rendus.VIII Congr. Internat. Bot., Paris. <mask>, M. G., 1955. A Botânica no Brasil—Capitulo X, Vol. I da obra "As Ciências no Brasil". Cia.Melhoramentos de Sào Paulo. <mask>, M. G., 1955. Problemas de reflorestamento da caatinga e do cerrado. Ciência & Cult. 7. <mask>, M. G., 1955. Contribuição ao conhecimento da ecologia do cerrado e da caatinga.Estudo comparativo da economia d'água de sua vegetação. Bolm Fac. Fil. Ciênc. Letras USP 195. Bot. 12.<mask>, M. G., 1955. Observações sobre a influência de compostos

masks: Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri


texts:
 fluorescentes no enraizamento de estacas II. Revta Biol.15. <mask>, M. G., 1956. Botânica – Morfologia externa das plantas (Organografia). Cia. Melhoramentos de São Paulo.<mask>, M. G., 1956. Transpiração de plantas permanentes do cerrado na estação das chuvas. Revta bras. Biol.16. <mask>, M. G., 1956. Economia d'água de cana-de-açúcar. An.Acad. brasil. Ciênc. 28. <mask>, M. G., 1957. Photoactive movement of the stomata of sugarcane. Revta bras.Biol. 17. <mask>, M. G., 1957. Informações sobre a transpiração de duas gramíneas freqüentes no cerrado. Revta bras. Biol.17. <mask>, M. G., 1957.O consumo d'água dos eucaliptos. An. Acad. Brasil. Econ. Florest. 9.Ferri, M. G., 1958. In Memoriam: Felix Rawitscher. Bolm Fac. Fil. Ciênc. Letras USP 224. Bot.15. <mask>, M. G., 1958. Contribuição ao conhecimento da ecologia do cerrado. Estudo comparativo da economia d'água de sua vegetação em Emas (Est. de São Paulo), Campo Grande (Est. de Mato Grosso) e Goiania (Est. Goiás).Bolm Fac. Fil. Ciênc. Letras USP 224. Bot. 15
 <mask>, M. G., 1958. Papel do fator nutricional na economia de água de plantas do cerrado.Revta Biol. 1. <mask>, M. G., 1958. A botânica em São Paulo desde a criação de sua Universidade. Ensaios Paulistas, 9–23 Editora Anhambi. São Paulo. <mask>, M. G., 1959.Contribuição ao estudo da anatomia das folhas de plantas do cerrado. Bolm


texts:
 Fac. Fil. Ciênc. Letras USP 243. Bot. 16.<mask>, M. G., 1959. Ecological information on the "Rio Negro Caatinga" (Amazon) IX Internat. Congress. Montreal, Canada, Proceed. vol. Il. Abstr.12–13. <mask>, M. G., 1959. Problems of water relations of some Brazilian vegetation types with special consideration of the concept of xeromorphy and xerophytism. UNESCO – Simpósio: Ecologia de regiões áridas e semiáridas, Madrid, set..
 <mask>, M. G., 1959. Aspects of the soil-water-plant relationship in connexion with some Brazilian types of vegetation. UNESCO – Simpósio: Ecologia de regiões tropicais úmidas, Abidjan, out..
 <mask>, M. G., 1959. Caracterização das principais formações vegetais brasileiras.An. Soc. Bot. Brasil, Fortaleza, Ceará. <mask>, M. G., 1959. Informações sobre a influência do N-fenil carbamato de isopropila no comportamento de diversas plantas – (nota prévia). An.Soe. Bot. Brasil, Fortaleza, Ceará. <mask>, M. G., 1960. Nota preliminar sobre a vegetação de cerrado em Campo Mourão (Paraná). Bolm Fac. Fil.Ciênc. Letras USP 247. Bot.17. <mask>, M. G., 1960. Transpiração e comportamento estomático de plantas permanentes do cerrado em Campo do Mourão (Paraná). Bolm Fac. Fil.Ciênc. Letras, USP 247. Bot. 17. <mask>, M. G., 1960. Informações sobre a economia d'água de plantas de um tabuleiro do município de Goiana (Pernambuco). Bolm

masks: Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri


texts: Fac.Fil. Ciênc. Letras USP 247. Bot.17. <mask>, M. G., 1960. Contribution to the knowledge of the ecology of the "Rio Negro Caatinga". (Amazon).Bull. Research Council of Israel, Sec. D. Botany, vol. 89 Apr. nº 34. <mask>, M. G., 1960. Considerações sobre o ensino da Botânica.XXII Reunião da Soc. Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência (Piracicaba). <mask>, M. G., 1961. Informações sobre a influência do N-fenil carbamato de isopropila no comportamento de a1gumas plantas, com especial consideração da transpiração. Revta Biol. 2. <mask>, M. G., 1961.Problems of water relations of some Brazilian vegetation types with special consideration of the concepts of xeromorphy and xerophytism. Plant-water relationship in arid conditions. Madrid symposium: 24–30, September 1959, UNESCO. <mask>, M. G., 1961. Aspects of the soil-water-plant relationship in connexion with some Brazilian types of vegetation. Tropical soil and vegetation. Proceed.of the Abidjan Symposium: 20- 24, October 1959, UNESCO. <mask>, M. G., 1961. Caracterização das principais formações vegetais brasileiras e considerações sobre alguns problemas importantes de sua ecologia. (V Curso Internac. Pastagens, 15-6 a 7-8-59, São Paulo). Fundamentos de manejo de pastagens. Departamento de Produção Animal, Sec.Agric. São Paulo: 177–188. <mask>, M. G., 1961. Problemas de economia d'água na

masks: Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri


texts: vegetacão de caatinga e cerrados brasileiros. (V Curso Internac. Pastagens, 15-6 a 7-8-59, São Paulo). Fundamentos de manejo de pastagens.Departamento de Produção Animal, Sec. Agric. São Paulo: 189–199. <mask>, M. G., 1963. Histórico dos trabalhos botânicos sobre o cerrado. Simpósio sobre o cerrado. EDUSP.<mask>, M. G., 1963. Evolução do conceito de xerofitismo Bolm Fac. Fi1. Ciênc. Letras USP 267, Bot. 19. <mask>, M. G., 1964.Discurso do diretor Prof. <mask> Guimarães Ferri no encerramento da solenidade de colação de grau de Bacharéis e Licenciados da Turma de 1963. Publ. Fac. Fil. Ciênc. Letras, USP. Ferri, M. G., 1964.Informações sobre a ecologia dos cerrados e sobre a possibilidade de seu aproveitamento. Silvicultura (Ver. Téc. Serv. Flor. Est. São Paulo) Ano 3, n°.3. <mask>, M. G., 1968. Idéias sobre a reestruturação da Universidade de São Paulo. Jornal O Estado de S. Paulo. <mask>, M. G., 1968. USP – Reestruturação e adequação às necessidades do momento. Suplemento Especial de Educação, Folha de S.Paulo, 76–77.<mask>, M. G., 1969. Plantas do Brasil – Espécies do Cerrado. Ed. Edgard Blücher Ltda e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1969. Glossário de termos botânicos. Ed.Edgard Blücher e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1970. Botânica—Morfologia interna das plantas (Anatomia) Cia. Melhoramentos de São Paulo e EDUSP. 1ª Edicão. São Paulo. <mask>, M. G.,

masks: Ferri Ferri Ferri Mário Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri


texts:
 1970.Aspectos da vegetação do sul do Brasil. De R.V. Wettstein, supervisão. Ed. Edgard Blücher e EDUSP. Ferri, M. G., 1971. Simpósio sobre o cerrado – I – Reimpressão.Ed. Edgard Blücher e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1971. Modificação do hábito floral de Cochlospermum regium (Mart) Pilger. III Simpósio sobre o cerrado. Coord. M.G.Ferri. Ed. Edgard Blücher e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1971. Efeitos de substancias de crescimento no movimento das articulações de Phaseolus vulgaris. Ciência & Cult. 23.<mask>, M. G., 1971. Informações sobre transpiraração e anatomia foliar de diversas mirtáceas. Ciência & Cult.23. <mask>, M. G., 1971. III Simpósio sobre o cerrado. Ed. Edgard Blücher e EDUSP.<mask>, M. G., 1972. Ecological problems of tho cerrado vegetation. I. Congresso Latinoamericano de Botânica, pp. 365–387. In Memórias de Simposia. México. <mask>, M. G., 1972.Contribuição ao conhecimento da anatomia de plantas de uma caatinga do Rio Negro (Amazonas). Revta Biol. 8. <mask>, M. G., 1972. Editoração: conceitos e perspectivas. pp. 11–18 in Editoração na USP.Depto de Jornalismo e Editoração da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da USP. <mask>, M. G., 1973. Sobre a origem, manutenção e transformação dos cerrados. Actas de la Asociación Argentina de Ecologia. l.
 <mask>, M. G., 1972. Homem agride o ambiente no país. Jornal O Estado de S. Paulo,


texts: 11/02/73.<mask>, M. G., 1972. Lagoa Santa e a vegetação dos cerrados brasileiros. Livraria Itatiaia e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1972. Considerações sobre a origem, manutenção e transformação dos cerrados. Revta Biol. 9.<mask>, M. G., 1972. Carlos das Neves Tavares: sua vida e sua obra. Revta Biol.9. <mask>, M. G., 1972. Karl Martin Silberschmidt: sua vida e sua obra. Revta Biol. 25.<mask>, M. G., 1972. Ecological problems in Latin America. In Genes, Enzymes and Populations. Plenum Publishing Corporation: 5–24, New York. <mask>, M. G., 1974. Botânica: curso experimental-fisiologia. Companhia Melhoramentos de São Paulo e EDUSP.<mask>, M. G., 1974. A Botânica no Brasil: considerações históricas. História da ciência, vol.46. <mask>, M. G., 1974. Vegetação no Rio Grande do Sul. Livr. Itatiaia Ltda e EDUSP.<mask>, M. G., 1974. Ecologia: temas e problemas brasileiros. Livr. Itatiaia Ltda e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1974. Information about the consequences of accelerated~ deforestation in Brazil. Proc.of the First International Congress of Ecology, 8–14 September: 355–360. Holanda. <mask>, M. G., 1975. Os cerrados de Minas Gerais. Ciência & Cult. 27. <mask>, M. G., 1975.Aylthon Brandão Joly: sua vida e sua obra. Boletim da Botânica, n° 3. <mask>, M. G., 1976. Ecologia e Poluição. Ed. Melhoramentos e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1976.Plantas produtoras de

masks: Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri Ferri


texts:
 fibras. Ed. Pedagógica e Universitária Ltda, São Paulo. <mask>, M. G., 1977. Ecologia dos cerrados. IV Simpósio sobre o Cerrado. Ed.Itatiaia Ltda e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1977. O mundo em que vivemos. Ed. Melhoramentos. São Paulo. <mask>, M. G., 1978.Glossário ilustrado de Botânica. EBRATEC e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1978. Ecologia comparada del "Cerrado" y de la "Caatinga". Mem. 5º Congresso Venezoelano de Botanica. Barquisimeto.Estado Lara. Venezuela. pp. 189–243. <mask>, M. G., 1978. Ecologia do cerrado. Editora Itatiaia e EDUSP.<mask>, M. G., 1979. História das ciências no Brasil. vol. I. Ed. Pedagógica e Universitária e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1979. Fisiologia Vegetal.vol. I. Coord.. Editora Pedagógica e Universitária e EDUSP
 <mask>, M. G., 1979. Fisiologia Vegetal. vol. II. Coord.. Ed. Pedagógica e Universitária e EDUSP.<mask>, M. G., 1979. Breve histórico das mais importantes linhas de pesquisa no cerrado. 5°. Simpósio sobre o Cerrado: Uso e Manejo. Editerra. <mask>, M. G., 1980. Ecologia Geral.Itatiaia, Belo Horizonte. <mask>, M. G., 1980. Vegetação Brasileira. Itatiaia e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1980. História das ciências no Brasil. vol.II. Coord.. Ed. Pedagógica e Universitária e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1981. História das ciências no Brasil. vol. III.Coord.. Ed. Pedagógica e Universitária e EDUSP. <mask>, M. G., 1981. Botânica: curso


texts:
 experimental-fisiologia. 3ª ed., Ed. Nobel. <mask>, M. G., 1982.Ecologia e Poluição. Revta Problemas Brasileiros. Ano XIX, n°. 209. <mask>, M. G., 1982. Editora da Universidade de São Paulo. Revta Comunicações e Artes.USP nº 11. <mask>, M. G., 1982. Editora da Universidade de São Paulo. Ciência &Cult. 34. <mask>, M. G., 1982. Ecologia e Poluição.5ª ed., Ed. Nobel. <mask>, M. G., 1983. Os cerrados, um grupo de formas de vegetação semelhantes às savanas. Revta Cadernos Germano-Brasileiros, Alemanha. <mask>, M. G., 1983. Editora da Universidade de São Paulo.Revta Cadernos Germanos-Brasileiros, Alemanha. <mask>, M. G., 1984 Glossário ilustrado de Botânica. Ed. Nobel, 14 ed., 29 reimpressão. <mask>, M. G., 1984. Botânica—Morfologia interna das plantas (Anatomia). 9ª edição, Ed.Nobel. <mask>, M. G., 1984. Os cerrados, um grupo de formas de vegetação semelhantes às savanas. Revta Biol. 12, 3–4. <mask>, M. G., 1985. Botânica – Morfologia externa das plantas (Organografia).15ª edição, 3ª reimpressão, Ed. Nobel. <mask>, M. G., 1985. Fisiologia Vegetal. Vol. I. Coord..2ª ed. Editora Pedagógica e Universitária e EDUSP

References
 Felippe, G. M., 1985.<mask> <mask>. Revista Brasileira de Botânica vol 8. <mask> <mask> <mask> e sua obra. Câmara Brasileira do Livro, São Paulo. Vol 1, 67p., 1986. Brazilian scientists
Brazilian ecologists
Brazilian

masks:
Ferri
Ferri
Ferri
Ferri
Ferri
Ferri
Ferri
Ferri
Ferri
Ferri
Ferri
Mario Guimarães
Ferri
Mário
Guimarães
Ferri


texts:
<mask> (born September 11, 1958) is an American actor and musician. He is known for his role as Luke Danes in Gilmore Girls and as Special Agent Peter Strahm in the Saw films. He also starred as Michael Buchanan in the NBC drama series The Event and as a Tenctonese alien commander in the TV film Alien Nation: Dark Horizon. Early life
<mask> was born September 11, 1958, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the son of Hope Gordon (1928–2008), a homemaker, journalist, and actor in the Haddonfield Plays and Players Theatre Troupe, and <mask> (1925–2013), an advertising executive. His parents divorced in 1974. He is a direct descendant of Napoleon Bonaparte, Sir Francis Drake, Richard Stockton (signer of the Declaration of Independence and The Constitution of the United States), and Richard Leeds, who fathered thirteen children in the Pine Barrens section of South Jersey. Leeds thirteenth child was known as the Jersey Devil.<mask> formed The Unknowns, his first band, in the third grade with longtime friend Tommy Poitras. They played just two songs – Back in the U.S.S.R. and (I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone. The Unknowns added to their set list and performed throughout grade school and high school but disbanded after high school graduation. <mask> was raised in Haddonfield, New Jersey and attended Haddonfield Memorial High School, graduating in 1977. He attended Rutgers University, pursuing a degree in Comparative Literature. He studied acting in New York with renowned coaches Robert Lewis and Sondra Lee. He was exposed to the teachings of Paul Newman, Arthur Penn, and Frank Corsaro at the Actors Studio, where he also participated in the Producer's Unit chaired by Penn.He appeared in numerous productions, including Rasputin and Miss Julie. Baseball career

<mask> spent seven years, from  to , as a professional pitcher in minor league baseball, topping out at the Triple-A level, the highest before the major

masks:
Scott Gordon Patterson
Patterson
Francis Ford Patterson IV
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson


texts:
 leagues. He played in two major league farm systems for seven different minor league teams and was selected to four all-star teams (two with Atlanta and two with the New York Yankees). <mask> was initially selected by the Atlanta Braves in the first round (12th overall) of the 1980 Major League Baseball secondary draft (an event distinct from the amateur draft). He played his first pro season with their Class A Anderson Braves in 1980. In 1981 <mask> won 13 consecutive games as a starting pitcher between Class A Durham and Double-A Savannah to set a Braves record for most consecutive wins to start a season. He was named the Braves Minor League Pitcher of the Month twice.<mask> was traded from the Braves to the New York Yankees for Bob Watson on April 23, 1982, and was placed on the Yankees Major League roster in 1983. <mask> was named as an All-Star both with the Yankees' Double-A Albany-Colonie Yankees and Triple-A Columbus Clippers in 1986. In 1985 he was selected by the Texas Rangers in the Rule 5 draft but subsequently returned to the Yankees. While in the Yankees organization <mask> was named their minor league Pitcher of the Month once, and Pitcher of the Week three times. <mask> also pitched in the Puerto Rican Winter League with the Lobos de Arecibo in 1984–85, and the Dominican Professional Baseball League with Santo Domingo in 1985–86. <mask> signed a minor league contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers affiliate, the Albuquerque Dukes, in late 1986 but never played at the major league level. Acting career

In 1988, <mask> formed the Arclight Theatre Company in Soho, NYC with John Bishop.<mask> played Jedediah Kohler in Bishop's The Great, Great Grandson of Jedediah Kohler in the Company's debut production. One night, George Wolfe was in the audience and offered <mask> a role in the European Traveling Company's Tamara but he turned it down to continue work with Arclight. In 1993,

masks:
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson
Gordon Patterson


texts: <mask> was slated to play the lead in Castle Rock's Little Big League opposite Sela Ward. The producers recast the role at the last minute with Revenge of the Nerds star Timothy Busfield, opting to offer <mask> the role of Mike McGrevey. <mask> completed filming the leading role in the feature film Her Best Move, directed by Norm Hunter and co-starring Lisa Darr. He also appeared on the big screen in Little Big League, with Jason Robards, and in Three Wishes, with Patrick Swayze and Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio. He also starred in the independent films Highway 395 and Rhapsody in Bloom with Penelope Ann Miller and Ron Silver, Boys of Abu Ghraib with Sean Astin, and Other People's Children with Diane Marshall-Grant.On television, he has landed romantic roles; his most notable role, which he played for seven years on the television show Gilmore Girls, is Luke Danes, the on-again, off-again love interest of the show's protagonist, Lorelai Gilmore, played by Lauren Graham. On Seinfeld, <mask>'s character was deemed "spongeworthy" by Elaine (Julia Louis-Dreyfus). In the "Das Boob" episode of Will & Grace, his character had a profound effect on Grace (Debra Messing). <mask> also played the love interests of Jennifer Grey in It's Like, You Know and Sharon Lawrence's character in Fired Up. He has also appeared on Arli$$ and Get Real. Among <mask>'s recent projects are a co-starring role on Aliens in America and voicing the character of King Faraday in the 2004 animated series Justice League Unlimited, from Warner Bros. Animation.He has also starred as Agent Strahm in two iterations of the Saw franchise, Saw IV and Saw V, also appearing through flashback sequences in Saw VI. <mask> appeared in some episodes of the second season of 90210 as Liam Court's ex-con father who has recently been released from prison and wants to reconnect with his son. <mask> starred as Michael Buchanan in the NBC drama series

masks: Patterson Patterson Patterson Patterson Patterson Patterson Patterson Patterson


texts:
 The Event, which premiered on September 20, 2010. His character was killed off in episode 18. In 2016, <mask> reprised his role as Luke Danes for the revival miniseries Gilmore Girls: A Year in the Life, which streamed on Netflix on November 25, 2016. Personal life
<mask> met his wife Kristine Saryan in 2001 during the intermission of a play they were both attending. The couple married in 2014, the same year they welcomed their son Nicholas.Saryan was seen on Gilmore Girls twice, once as Chrissy, Miss Patty’s dance assistant (episode 4.21 - Last Week Fights, This Week Tights), and once as an interview subject in the 2016 limited series, Gilmore Girls: A Year in the Life (episode 2 - Spring). In 2017, <mask> founded a coffee company, Scotty P's Big Mug Coffee. I Am All In podcast
In 2021, <mask> partnered with I Heart Radio to launch the 'I Am All In' podcast dedicated to fans of Gilmore Girls. For the podcast, he watches an  episode and discusses the content with his producers and guests. Guests have included Sean Gunn (Kirk Gleason), Yanic Truesdale (Michel Gerard), Sally Struthers (Babette Dell), Keiko Agena (Lane Kim), Grant Lee Phillips (Troubadour), Rose Abdoo (Gypsy), and many others. The show is available on I Heart Radio, Spotify and Apple Podcasts. Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

 <mask> cast bio on The CW

1958 births
Male actors from New Jersey
Male actors from Philadelphia
Albany-Colonie Yankees players
American male film actors
American male television actors
Anderson Braves players
Baseball players from Pennsylvania
Columbus Clippers players
Durham Bulls players
Haddonfield Memorial High School alumni
Living people
People from Haddonfield, New Jersey
Nashville Sounds players
Richmond Braves players
Rutgers University alumni
Savannah Braves players
Sportspeople from Camden County, New Jersey
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American

masks:
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson
Patterson
Scott Patterson


texts:
<mask> (14 November 1856 – 1 February 1940) was a Norwegian-born South African shipowner and timber merchant who played a leading role in the public affairs of the South African town of Knysna. He was actively involved in the timber and shipbuilding industry of the region, and acquired Paarden Island in the Knysna Lagoon, on which he built a sawmill and shipyard. The island was later renamed Thesen Island, after him and his family. Biography

<mask> was born in Stavanger, the fifth son of <mask> (26 October 1816 – 24 June 1875), a wealthy and respected man in the town. The German-Danish War of 1864–67 caused a downturn in trade and shipping, and in 1868 caused the collapse of several companies in Stavanger, among which was A.L. Thesen & Co.

Arndt, together with his wife, Anne Cathrine Margreta Brandt, seven sons, two daughters, his brother <mask> (26 October 1813 – 18 June 1884), and his son, Hans Adolf (17 October 1843 – 5 March 1909), and a crew of seven, left Norway for New Zealand on 14 August 1869 in his 117-ton schooner, Albatros. The ship was loaded with timber to be sold on their arrival.They reached Cape Town on 16 November 1869 and after a week's stay for repairs and provisioning, the voyage to New Zealand was resumed. Storms at Cape Agulhas forced them to put about and return to Table Bay. In Cape Town, the Swedish-Norwegian consul, Carl Gustaf Åkerberg, told the Thesens about the shortage of cargo ships plying the South African coast. The plan to sail to New Zealand was at first postponed and later set aside. After several coastal cargo voyages, the Thesen family settled in Knysna. They started with shipping timber, a business they knew well from Norway, but soon ventured into saw-milling and acquiring forested land. From February 1872 <mask> worked as a clerk for William Anderson & Co in Port Elizabeth, but on his father's death in 1875, he joined and managed the family firm, adding new vessels to their fleet, buying more land and trying oyster

masks:
Charles Wilhelm Thesen
Charles
Arndt Leonard Thesen
Mathias Theodore Thesen
Charles


texts:
 farming.They also diversified into hardware stores, supermarkets, whaling, gold prospecting and mining, railway construction and road transport. Thesen did not forget his Norwegian roots and commissioned his freight ships such as "Outeniqua" in 1915 from "Porsgrund Mekaniske Værksted" in Porsgrund. He married Eliza Bessie Georgiana Harison (5 March 1863 – 6 August 1901), daughter of the first conservator of forests, Christopher Harison, an opportune joining of the two families. They produced ten children, 5 sons and 3 daughters surviving. After Bessie's death of pregnancy complications in 1901, he married Lucia Johanna <mask> (1875–1963), the daughter of his cousin Hans Adolf, and she bore one son and two daughters. <mask> was active in local politics, serving on the divisional and municipal councils, filling the offices of mayor, chairman of the Chamber of Commerce and a member of the Cape Provincial Council. In 1904 he bought Paarden Island, part of the Melkhoutkraal Estate of George Rex.Here the Thesens processed cut timber from 1922 and the island later became known as Thesen Island. <mask> died in Knysna, aged 83. One of <mask>' sisters, Blanka Thesen, married Francis William Reitz, president of the Orange Free State. <mask>'s other brothers were Hjalmar (14 February 1846 – 1923), Rolf (9 August 1850 – 18 October 1883), Ragnvald (9 August 1850 – 8 July 1936) and Nils (24 April 1853 – 23 November 1929). Vessels owned by the Thesen family

The vessel Albatros traded along the Southern African coast, sailing to Mauritius on one occasion, taking two months and ten days for the round trip. In March 1874, en route from Knysna to Cape Town and under captain Knud Thomasen, she struck a reef off Cape Agulhas and went down. The passengers and crew were stranded for three days on Dyer Island before being rescued by local fishermen and then travelling by wagon to Caledon.The Thesens' next vessel was the 191-ton brig Ambulant which, in 1883, was the first ship to take on

masks:
Christine Thesen
Charles
Charles
Charles
Charles


texts:
 cargo at the new Government Wharf off Thesen's Island, the cargo consisting of 3 000 railway sleepers to Cape Town. Competition from the Castle and Union Lines forced Thesen's to shut down this route and Ambulant was sold off in 1884. This was followed in 1895 by the 427-ton mail packet Agnar, a steamship nicknamed 'Agony' by the local school children she regularly carried to boarding schools in Cape Town. She stayed in service for some 40 years, as troop carrier for the British colonial government in the Boer War (1899–1902) and for the German government in the Herero Wars in German South-West Africa (1904–1907). She was taken over by a business in Madagascar in 1934 and was lost in a cyclone off Mauritius in 1938. The 706-ton Ingerid was taken into service in 1901 and the 600-ton Karatara in 1913. The 1019-ton Outeniqua joined the fleet in 1915, the 139-ton Clara converted from a sand barge and suction dredger and the 216-ton Nautilus in 1917.The Outeniqua was the company's flagship, could accommodate fifty passengers and remained in service until 1945. In 1916 the Thesen Line became the Thesen's Steamship Company, but the coastal shipping trade was languishing. Vessels which had been conscripted during World War I were free to ply commercial routes after the War, leading to keen competition. Improvements in the road and rail infrastructure, particularly the opening of the George-Knysna railway line in 1928, led to cheaper tariffs for travel by land. The Thesen family sold off four of its eight vessels, and in 1921 the entire company with the remaining Agnar, Ingerid, Outeniqua and Clara. The buyer was the English-based Houston Line, which continued to use Thesen's red swallowtail with white star. References

Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa

1856 births
1940 deaths
People from Stavanger
People from Knysna
Norwegian businesspeople in shipping
Norwegian emigrants to South Africa
South African businesspeople
Mayors of places in South Africa
Businesspeople


texts:
Sir <mask>,  (12 January 1860 – 23 June 1946) was a British military historian. His reconstructions of medieval battles from the fragmentary and distorted accounts left by chroniclers were pioneering. Occasionally his interpretations have been challenged, especially his widely copied thesis that British troops defeated their Napoleonic opponents by firepower alone. Paddy Griffith, among modern historians, claims that the British infantry's discipline and willingness to attack were equally important. Early life
Oman was born in Muzaffarpur district, India, the son of a British planter, and was educated at Winchester College and at the University of Oxford, where he studied under William Stubbs. Here, he was invited to become a founding member of the Stubbs Society, which was under the patronage of Oman's don. Career
In 1881 he was elected to a Prize Fellowship at All Souls College, where he remained for the rest of his academic career.He was elected the Chichele Professor of Modern History at Oxford in 1905, in succession to Montagu Burrows. He was also elected to the FBA that year, and served as President of the Royal Historical Society (1917–1921), the Numismatic Society and the Royal Archaeological Institute. Among his teaching activities at Oxford, he taught the special subject in military history with C.T. Atkinson of Exeter College that focused on the Peninsular War. Oman's academic career was interrupted by the First World War, during which he was employed by the government's Press Bureau and the Foreign Office. Oman was the Conservative


texts:
 Member of Parliament for the University of Oxford constituency from 1919 to 1935, and was knighted KBE in the 1920 civilian war honours list. Honours
He became an honorary fellow of New College in 1936, and received the honorary degrees of DCL (Oxford, 1926) and LL.D (Edinburgh, 1911 and Cambridge, 1927).He was awarded the Medal of the Royal Numismatic Society in 1928. He died at Oxford aged 86. Children
Two of Oman's children became authors. His daughter Carola <mask> CBE was a writer of history, biography, and fiction for adults and children, including a retelling of the Robin Hood legend and biographies of Admiral Lord Nelson and Lieutenant-General Sir John Moore. His son <mask><mask> wrote several volumes on British silverware and similar houseware, worked as a Keeper of the Department of Metalwork in the Victoria and Albert Museum, and was active in the Folklore Society (and was in turn father to Julia Trevelyan <mask>). Works

1880s
 The Art of War in the Middle Ages (1885)
 "The Anglo-Norman and Angevin Administrative System (1100–1265)", in Essays Introductory to the Study of English Constitutional History (1887)
 A History of Greece From the Earliest Times to the Death of Alexander the Great (1888; 7th ed., 1900; 8th ed., rev., 1905)

1890s
 Warwick the Kingmaker (1891)
 The Story of the Byzantine Empire (1892)
 The Dark Ages 476–918, Period I of Periods of European History (1893; 5th ed. 1905)
 A History of England (1895; 2nd ed.1919)
 A History of the Art of War in the Middle Ages, Vol. I: A.D. 378–1278 (1898; 2nd ed. 1924)
 A History

masks:
Oman
Charles C
. Oman
Oman


texts:
 of the Art of War in the Middle Ages, Vol. II: A.D. 1278–1485 (1898; 2nd ed. 1924)
 England and the Hundred Years War, 1327–1485 A.D. (1898), No. III of The Oxford Manuals of English History, <mask>, ed. "Alfred as a Warrior", in Alfred The Great, Alfred Bowker, ed.(1899)
 Reign of George VI, 1900-1925. A Forecast Written in the Year 1763 (preface and notes) (1763; republished 1899)

1900s
 England in the Nineteenth Century (1900)
 A History of the Peninsular War, Vol. I: 1807–1809 (1902)
 Seven Roman Statesmen of the Later Roman Republic (1902)
 A History of the Peninsular War, Vol. II: Jan. 1809-Sep. 1809 (1903)
 "The Peninsular War, 1808–14", in The Cambridge Modern History, Vol. IX, Napoleon (1906)
 "The Hundred Days, 1815", in The Cambridge Modern History, Vol. IX, Napoleon (1906)
 "Inaugural lecture on the study of history" (1906), in Oxford Lectures on University Studies, 1906–1921 (1924)
 The Great Revolt of 1381 (1906) (See The Great Revolt of 1381.) The History of England from the Accession of Richard II.to the Death of Richard III. (1377–1485), Vol. IV of The Political History of England (1906), William Hunt & Reginald Poole, ed. A History of the Peninsular War, Vol. III: Sep. 1809 – Dec. 1810 (1908)

1910s
 A History of England Before the Norman Conquest (1910; 8th ed. 1937), Vol. I of A History of England in Seven Volumes (1904–), <mask>, ed.A History of the Peninsular War, Vol. IV: Dec. 1810 – Dec. 1811 (1911)
 Wellington's Army, 1809–1814 (1912)
 A History of the Peninsular War, Vol. V: Oct. 1811 – Aug. 1812 (1914)
 The Outbreak of

masks:
Charles Oman
Charles Oman


texts:
 the War of 1914–18: A Narrative Based Mainly on British Official Documents (1919)

1920s
 A History of the Peninsular War, Vol. VI: Sep. 1812 – Aug. 1813 (1922)
 The Unfortunate Colonel Despard & Other Studies (1922)
 Castles (1926)
 "The Duke of Wellington", in Political Principles of Some Notable Prime Ministers of the Nineteenth Century, Fossey John Cobb Hearnshaw, ed. (1926)
 Studies in the Napoleonic Wars (1929)

1930s
 A History of the Peninsular War, Vol. VII: Aug. 1813 – Apr. 1814 (1930)
 The Coinage of England (1931)
 Things I Have Seen (1933)
 "The Necessity for the Reformation" (1933) (public lecture)
 A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century (1937)
 The Sixteenth century (1937)
 On the Writing of History (1939)

1940s
 Memories of Victorian Oxford and of Some Early Years (1941)
 The Lyons Mail (1945)

References

External links

1860 births
1946 deaths
People educated at Winchester College
Alumni of the University of Oxford
British military historians
Historians of the Napoleonic Wars
Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford
Fellows of New College, Oxford
Fellows of the British Academy
Presidents of the Royal Numismatic Society
Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the University of Oxford
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1918–1922
UK MPs 1922–1923
UK MPs 1923–1924
UK MPs 1924–1929
UK MPs 1929–1931
UK MPs 1931–1935
Presidents of the Royal Historical Society
Chichele Professors of Modern History
People from Muzaffarpur


texts:
<mask> ((); born 2 December 1984) is a Uruguayan footballer who plays for Brazilian club Santos FC and the Uruguay national team. Mainly an attacking midfielder, he can also play as a right winger. <mask> is often nicknamed as "Pato" ("Duck") in his native country Uruguay. Early life
Born in Montevideo, <mask> was abandoned by his father at the age of eight, and lived with his mother and four brothers in his uncle's house; around that time, he also adopted his shaved hairstyle, after "not standing his loaded hair". With his mother working as a domestic employee and his uncle as a bricklayer, <mask> worked part-time on a bakery to help on providing food to the family. Club career

Liverpool Montevideo
<mask> began his career with lowly side Nueva Juventud Baby Fútbol, and had failed trials at Montevideo Wanderers, Fénix, Cerro and River Plate until joining Liverpool's youth setup after a recommendation from <mask>, and old coach of his at Salus FC. He was promoted to the main squad in 2003 by manager Julio Ribas, only six months after arriving at the club.While at Liverpool, <mask> played regularly for the club in the Uruguayan Primera División, and also overcame a serious injury which kept him sidelined for nearly two years. Godoy Cruz
On 31 December 2009, <mask> signed a two-year contract with Argentine Primera División side Godoy Cruz. He made his debut for the club the following 13 February, coming on as a second-half substitute for Leandro Torres in a 0–0 away draw against Huracán. <mask> scored his first goal for Godoy Cruz on 3 March 2010, netting the winner in a 2–1 home defeat of Lanús. He became an

masks:
Carlos Andrés Sánchez Arcosa
Sánchez
Sánchez
Sánchez
Sánchez
Carlos Iglesias
Sánchez
Sánchez
Sánchez


texts:
 undisputed starter for the side during the 2010–11 season, contributing with four goals in 33 appearances. River Plate

On 20 July 2011, <mask> and Godoy Cruz teammate Martín Aguirre joined River Plate for a fee of US$ 2.9 million. River retained 50% of his federative rights.He made his debut for the club on 17 August by playing the full 90 minutes in a 1–0 Primera B Nacional home win against Chacarita Juniors, and scored his first goal three days later by netting the last in a 3–1 away defeat of Independiente Rivadavia. Bought outright in 2012, <mask> was an undisputed starter for the Millonarios in the following campaigns, and scored a brace in a 5–0 home routing of former side Godoy Cruz on 7 October 2012. On 9 August 2013, he was loaned to Liga MX side Puebla, mainly to free up a foreign player registration. <mask> returned to River in June 2014, and renewed his contract until December 2016 on 9 July. He scored a double in a 3–0 home success over Defensa y Justicia on 28 August, and finished the year as champions of the Copa Sudamericana. During the 2015 campaign, he was a regular starter in the Copa Libertadores winning run, scoring in the second leg of the Final against Tigres UANL (3–0 aggregate win). <mask> also scored one goal in the 2015 Suruga Bank Championship, netting the opener in a 3–0 win against Gamba Osaka.On 31 December 2015, he was named the South American Footballer of the Year, beating <mask> and Miller Bolaños and becoming the first Uruguayan to win the award after Enzo Francescoli in 1995. Monterrey
On 14 November 2015, Monterrey announced that they had reached an agreement River for the

masks:
Sánchez
Sánchez
Sánchez
Sánchez
Carlos Tevez


texts:
 transfer of <mask>. He was presented on 22 December, signing a three-year contract with the club. Santos

On 23 July 2018, Brazilian Série A side Santos FC announced the signing of <mask> on a three-year deal. He made his debut on 4 August, starting in a 0–0 away draw against Botafogo. <mask> made his Libertadores debut for Peixe on 21 August 2018, starting in a 0–0 away draw against Independiente. He was, however, suspended for assaulting a ball boy during a Sudamericana match for River back in 2015, and Santos was given a 3–0 defeat; he was still declared free to play the second leg at the Pacaembu Stadium, which also ended in a 0–0 draw.<mask> was subsequently a regular starter for the club, but suffered a knee injury which kept him out for the remainder of the 2020 season in October. On 7 June 2021, he renewed his contract until July 2023. On 28 July 2021, <mask> scored a stoppage-time goal in a 4–0 Copa do Brasil home win over Juazeirense through a penalty kick, and took his tally at the club to 27 goals, becoming the foreigner who scored more goals for Santos, surpassing Jonathan Copete. International career
On 13 November 2014, <mask> made his debut for the Uruguay football team at the age of 29 against Costa Rica, starting in a 3–3 draw. <mask> was included in Uruguay's squad for the 2015 Copa América by coach Óscar Tabárez. He was also named among the 23-men for the Copa América Centenario. <mask> scored his first goal for the Celestes on 28 March 2017, netting the opener in a 2–1 loss against Peru.In May of the following year, he was named in Uruguay's provisional 26-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup

masks: Sánchez Sánchez Sánchez Sánchez Sánchez Sánchez Sánchez Sánchez


texts:
 in Russia, being also included in the final list on 2 June. Personal life
<mask>'s half-brother Nicolás De La Cruz is also a footballer. He too was groomed at Liverpool, and represents River Plate. <mask> obtained Argentine citizenship in December 2014. Career statistics

Club

International

International goals
Scores and results list Uruguay's goal tally first. Honours

Club
River Plate
Primera B Nacional: 2011–12
Copa Libertadores: 2015
Copa Sudamericana: 2014
Recopa Sudamericana: 2015
Suruga Bank Championship: 2015

Monterrey
Copa MX: Apertura 2017

International
Uruguay
China Cup: 2018

Individual
South American Footballer of the Year: 2015
Copa Libertadores Best XI: 2015
Recopa Sudamericana Top Scorer: 2015
Copa MX Top Scorer: Apertura 2017

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Montevideo
Uruguayan footballers
Association football midfielders
Association football wingers
Liverpool F.C. (Montevideo) players
Godoy Cruz footballers
Club Atlético River Plate footballers
Club Puebla players
C.F.Monterrey players
Santos FC players
Uruguayan Primera División players
Argentine Primera División players
Primera Nacional players
Liga MX players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Uruguay international footballers
2015 Copa América players
Copa América Centenario players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Naturalized citizens of Argentina
Uruguayan expatriate footballers
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Argentina
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Mexico
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Brazil
Expatriate footballers in Argentina
Expatriate footballers in Mexico
Expatriate

masks: Sánchez Sánchez


texts:
<mask>'Rahilly (; 11 November 1883 – 16 November 1953) was an Irish scholar of the Celtic languages, particularly in the fields of historical linguistics and Irish dialects. He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy and died in Dublin in 1953. He is the creator of O'Rahilly's historical model, which has a mixed legacy. Early years and education
He was born in Listowel, County Kerry, Ireland to <mask> of Ballylongford, Co. Kerry and Julia Mary Rahilly (née Curry) of Glin, Co. Limerick. He was the seventh of his parents fifteen children. His younger sister was the scholar Cecile O'Rahilly.He received his secondary education at  St. Michael's College, Listowel, and later at Blackrock College in Dublin at the same time as future Irish politician Éamon de Valera. He took an interest in Irish and Celtic languages early in his life, buying Irish language newspaper An Claidheamh Soluis with his pocket money while still a school boy. De Valera commented on this unusual sight:If O'Rahilly had been reading Greek I would not have been too surprised; I could attempt that myself. But to be reading Gaelic from a newspaper - that was something extraordinary indeed in those days.He was educated at the Royal University of Ireland, and received his B.A. in Irish and Classics in 1905. He spent a year teaching Irish at University College Dublin, before taking up a permanent position as a clerk in the Four Courts in 1906, where he stayed until 1919. On 17 October 1918 he married Mary Buckley in Carrigtwohill, Co. Cork.They had no children. Academic career
O'Rahilly worked full-time in the Irish civil service as a clerk in the Four Courts. He founded and edited journal

masks:
Thomas Francis O
Thomas Francis Rahilly


texts: Gadelica: a Journal of Modern Irish Studies which "sought to pursue and promote investigation into the area of Celtic studies, including philology". The journal was short-lived due to a shortage of subscriptions and four issues were published between 1912-1913. He completed his MA thesis The Accentuation of Gaelic in 1916. Fellow Celtic languages scholar and lecturer of Trinity College, Dublin Eleanor Knott described his work during this period:His unsurpassed knowledge of modern Irish dialects and manuscript literature was acquired in his early manhood when as a civil servant his chosen studies had perforce to be relegated to evenings, weekends and vacations. Unceasing application during this period together with recurrent attacks of influenza brought about a definite decline in his health and this should be taken into account in considering a characteristic asperity in criticising the work of other scholars.In 1919 he entered academic life in a full-time capacity upon taking up his first professorship in Irish at Trinity College, Dublin (1919-1929).He was appointed research professor in Celtic languages in 1929 at University College Cork and stayed in this position until 1935. He returned to academic life in Dublin as professor of Celtic languages at University College Dublin (1935-1941). He was director of the School of Celtic Studies at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies from 1942 to 1947. He received an honorary degree in D.Litt.Celt. from the National University of Ireland in 1928 and D.Litt. from Trinity College, Dublin in 1948. O'Rahilly edited Celtica, a journal of the School of Celtic Studies at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies,


texts:
 between 1946 and 1950.Other publications by O'Rahilly include a series of anthologies of Irish language poetry publish in the 1920s. Later years
O'Rahilly retired from academia in 1948. He suffered from poor health for many years and died suddenly on 16 November 1953 at his home. He was buried in Glasnevin Cemetery. His wife believed that his death was due to overwork and burned many of his remaining papers at their home. Some of his surviving papers are held by School of Celtic Studies at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. His collection of books, correspondence, and Irish manuscripts, including an annotated draft of the 1937 Constitution of Ireland, were bequeathed to the Queen's University of Belfast.Controversies
O'Rahilly was known for his sometimes controversial theories of Irish history. In his book Early Irish History and Mythology, first published in 1946, O'Rahilly developed an influential model of Irish prehistory based on critical reading of early Irish literary sources, involving four waves of Celtic-speaking invaders. Although O'Rahilly's model was highly influential, it has been challenged in the following decades by Celtic scholars such as Kenneth H. Jackson and John T. Koch. In 1942 his lecture where he proposed that there were two Saint Patricks, was published. Irish author James Plunkett described the controversy caused by O'Rahilly's theory:I can still recall the great scandal of 1942, when a book called The Two Patricks was published by a learned Irish Professor who advanced the theory that there was one Patrick (Palladius Patrick) whose mission lasted from 432-461, and another who arrived in 462 and died about 490. The


texts:
 suggestion caused a national unheaval. If the careers of the two Patricks, through scholarly bungling, had become inextricably entangled, who did what?And worse still - which of them was the patron saint? If you addressed a prayer to one, might it not be delivered by mistake to the other? There was a feeling abroad that any concession to the two Patricks theory would lead unfailingly to a theory of no Patrick at all.His views on language contact and bilingualism were equally controversial. In Irish Dialects Past and Present (1932) he wrote the following about the Manx language:From the beginning of its career as a written language English influence played havoc with its syntax, and it could be said without much exaggeration that some of the Manx that has been printed is merely English disguised in a Manx vocabulary. Manx hardly deserved to live. When a language surrenders itself to foreign idiom, and when all its speakers become bilingual, the penalty is death.This view has more recently been challenged by Nicholas Williams, who suggests that Manx is Gaelic pidginized by early contact with Norse, long before there was any English spoken on the Isle of Man. Family
His sister Cecile O'Rahilly was also a Celtic scholar, and published editions of both recensions of the Táin Bó Cúailnge and worked with her brother in the School of Celtic Studies at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.Their brother Alfred O'Rahilly, himself a noted academic, was President of University College Cork and Teachta Dála (TD) for Cork City. His first cousin Michael O'Rahilly (better known as <mask>'Rahilly) was a founding member of the Irish Volunteers and died in the Easter


texts:
<mask> (born 1949) is a Malawian medical doctor, writer, poet, researcher, publisher, and music producer. He is a published author and also a publisher of books and music. He was an honorary senior lecturer at the University of Glasgow Department of Primary Care until 2005. Lwanda did his history and social science PhD at the University of Edinburgh's Centre of African Studies. Education
<mask> was educated in Zimbabwe (1956–1958), Malawi (1958–1969) and Scotland at Anglican, Catholic, and Presbyterian schools and colleges. He spent a politically and musically influential elective year in the US in 1974. Though he had intended to pursue the arts, his father advised him to take up medicine.Graduating in medicine in 1976, he specialised in paediatrics before turning to adult general medicine. Career
He has worked as a Census Enumerator for the Malawi National Census 1966 and as a clerk in the Ministry of Education between  1967 and 1968 under Brian McLaughlin. At the University of Malawi (1969–1970) he was a Senior Laboratory Assistant working under Professors Peter Mwanza and Margaret Kalk. He has studied and worked in Scotland since 1970 and, briefly, Malawi as a government doctor and lecturer at the College of Medicine. He has also worked in various medical fields since. He is currently a general medical

masks:
John Lloyd Chipembere Lwanda
Lwanda


texts:
 practitioner in Lanarkshire and is an honorary senior research fellow in the Institute of Health and Wellbeing, School of Politics and Social Science, Glasgow University. Although his first article was published in Moni magazine in 1965, he only began working regularly as a Freelance writer and journalist from 1981.He, by default, became a Music and Book Researcher and Publisher in 1988. Between 1991 and 1994 he was involved in the activism that led to a multiparty dispensation in Malawi  Lwanda describes music as his first love

Publishing career

Pamtondo
Pamtondo was set up in 1988 by <mask> and George Claver with the aim of recording and disseminating Malawi music. It recorded and issued a number of releases of Malawi music, including recordings by Kasambwe, Alan Namoko and Chimvu, Saleta Phiri and AB Sounds, CheChamba, Kamwendo Brothers Band, as well as co-operating on some compilations. Pamvision
Since 1994 Pamvision has been making Malawian music video recordings and films. The first recording was of Chief Chipoka Band (1994). Over twenty five different acts, ranging from gospel through popular music to traditional, have been video recorded, mostly for academic research. These include the Malawi National Dance Troupe, the Mount Sinai Choir (contemporary urban gospel), Sambangoma Dance Troupe (urban


texts:
 traditional dance and music troupe), Bondo Village Nyau Group (Chewa traditional dance and music), Kwandege Cultural Troupe, Chileka (traditional village ensemble), and the Mchinji Ingoma Troupe (Ngoni traditional dance and music).Dudu Nsomba Publications
Established in 1993, Dudu Nsomba Publications publishes books on Malawi and Africa. Dudu Nsomba supports the Copyright Society of Malawi. The first book was Kamuzu Banda of Malawi (1993). Books Edited and Published by Dudu Nsomba
Cry of the Fish Eagle by Wilfred Plumbe, 1997. Living my destiny by Austin C Mkandawire, 1997. Living dangerously by Patrick O'Malley, 1998
Yoranivyoto by Felix Mnthali, 1998  . Suffering in Silence by Emily Mkamanga, 2000.The state and the labour movement in Malawi by Almiton Zeleza Manda, 2000
Old Watering Holes: Mayo to Serabu by Hilary Lyons, 2001. Malawian choral compositions by Mjura Mkandawire, 2011. The trial of Jack Mapanje: a play by Steven Ndhlovu, 2009. Mistaken identity by Richard Duwa, 2009. Yuraia Chatonda Chirwa: the faithful servant by Austin Mkandawire

Published works

Books
Kamuzu Banda of Malawi: Promise, Power and Legacy (Kachere Publishing)-2010
The Rhino's Lament (Poetry, Dudu Nsomba) -2008. Music, Culture and Orature: Reading the Malawi public sphere, 1949–2006. (Kachere Publishing)- 2008.Colour, class and


texts:
 culture: A preliminary communication into the creation of doctors in Malawi, 2008. Dudu Nsomba
Politics, Culture and Medicine in Malawi (Kachere)-2005. Promises, Power Politics and Poverty: Democratic Transition in Malawi, 1961-1999 (Dudu Nsomba)- 1996. The second harvest (Novel, Dudu Nsomba)- 1994. Black thoughts from the Diaspora (Poetry, Dudu Nsomba)- 1994. Malawi: the state we are in? Montfort Media  This is a book that addresses the current state of politics in Malawi in 2019.Book Chapters
2019. Afroma, Mbumba, Kwasa kwasa, Ingoma, Malipenga, Gule wamkulu, Reggae, Jazz Band in Malawi. In Bloomsbury Encyclopaedia of Sub-Saharan Africa. "Music and Social Protest (Malawi)", In J. H. Downing (Editor) Encyclopaedia of Social Movement Media. Sage, 2010
 "The informal and traditional: education for brain drain in Malawi’"In M. Beveridge, K. King, R. Palmer and R. Wedgewood (Eds) Reintegrating Education, skills and work in Africa: towards informal or knowledge economics? : Centre of African Studies, 2005. "Changes in the Malawi Political landscape between 1994 and 2004: Nkhope ya Agalatia" in Ott, Immink and Bhatupe The power of the vote: Malawi's 2004 parliamentary and presidential Elections, Zomba: Kachere, 2004."Historical ruptures and continuities in the HIV/Aids story" In Kalipeni, E; Craddock, S.; Oppong, J.


texts:
 and Ghosh, J. eds. HIV/AIDS in Africa: Beyond Epidemiology. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2004. "Tikutha: the political culture of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Malawi".2002 In Englund, H (Ed) Democracy of Chameleons. Zomba: Kachere. African Issues: The African "Brain Drain" to the North: Pitfalls and Possibilities, Vol. 30, No.1, 2002 (Published by: African Studies Association)
 "Malawi: Sounds Afroma". In World Music: the Rough Guide, London: Penguin, p 210 – 218, 2006. 2015 ‘Poverty, prophets and politics: ‘Marxist’ discourses in Malawi music, 1994 – 2012’. In Abiodun Salawu and Monica Chibita (eds). A Book of Readings: Indigenous language media, language politics and democracy in Africa. Basingstoke: Macmillan Palgrave. 2012.‘Memory and Music: memorializing the Malawi Martyrs’ In KM Phiri, J McCracken and WO Mulwafu (eds) Malawi in Crisis: the 1959/60 Nyasaland State of Emergency and its Legacy. Zomba: Kachere, Chapter 17. 2011. ‘Edzi ndi dolo: singing aids in Malawi 1980 – 2008’ In Gregory Barz and Judah M. Cohen, (eds) The Culture of AIDS in Africa: Hope and Healing Through Music and the Arts New York: Oxford University Press, chapter 31. 2011. ‘Music and Social Protest in Malawi’ In D. H. Downey (ed) Encyclopedia of Social Movement media London: Sage Publications, pages 347 - 351. 2004: Changes in the Malawi


texts:
 Political landscape between 1994 and 2004’: Nkhope ya Agalatia in ‘The power of the vote: Malawi’s 2004 parliamentary and presidential Elections, Zomba: Kachere, pages 49 -86.2004. ‘Historical ruptures and continuities in the HIV/Aids story’. In Kalipeni, E.; Craddock, S.; Oppong, J. and Ghosh, J. eds. HIV/AIDS in Africa: Beyond Epidemiology. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, pages 29 – 42. Journal Articles
"The [in]visibility of HIV/AIDS in the Malawi public sphere" at
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/routledg/ajar/2003/00000002/00000002/art00005
2006 "Kwacha: the violence of money in Malawi’s politics 1954–2004" at https://www.jstor.org/pss/25065121
2006 Mother's songs: male appropriation of women's music in Malawi and Southern Africa at https://www.jstor.org/pss/3559465
2008 Music advocacy, the media and the Malawi political public sphere, 1958–2007 in http://www.atypon-link.com/INT/doi/abs/10.1386/jams.1.1.135_1
Lwanda, J. and Chanika, E. 2017.’Democracy, Donors & Dependency: The Rises and Falls of Non-Governmental & Civil Society Organisations’ Agency in Malawi opposition Politics, 1992 – 2017. Society of Malawi Journal, 70 (1): 19 -54.2014. ‘Chattering classes: radio, rhythm and resistance in ‘multi-party’ Malawi, 1994 – 2012’. Society of Malawi Journal, 67 (2): 19 – 33
2014. ‘Diaspora, Domicile &


texts:
 Debate: a preliminary Artistic & Cultural Research for a Malawi identity from Pre-colonial times to 2014. Society of Malawi Journal, 67, (1): 16 – 45. Lizi, E., Lwanda, J. and Matiti, H. 2013. ‘Modern medical myth: “More doctors in Manchester than in Malawi”: A preliminary communication’ Malawi Medical Journal, Mar; 25 (1): 20–1.<mask>, J. and Kanjo, C. 2013. ‘Computers, culture and music: the history of the recording industry in Malawi ’, Society of Malawi Journal, 66 (1): 23 – 42
Chanika, E., Lwanda, J. and Muula, A. 2013. ‘Gender, Gays and Gain: the sexualised politics of donor aid in Malawi’. Africa Spectrum, 48, (1): 89 – 105). 2010 ‘The Public Health Relevance of Contagious Rhythm: Infectious Diseases of 20th Century Musicians: a commentary’, Clinical Medicine & Research, July 1, 8 (2): 82-83
2008. ‘The history of popular music in Malawi 1891 - 2007: a preliminary communication’.Society of Malawi Journal, 2008, 61 (1): 26 – 40. 2008. ‘Poets, culture and orature: A reappraisal of the Malawi political public sphere, 1953-2006’, Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 26 (1): 71 – 101. 2007. ‘Scotland, Malawi and Medicine: Livingstone’s Legacy, I Presume? An Historical Perspective’ Scottish Medical Journal 2007, 52 (3), 36 – 44. Clendennen, G and Lwanda J.2003. ‘David Livingstone and Africa’s first cases of


texts:
 Sickle Cell Anaemia’ in The Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (History supplement), Volume 33, 2003 Supplement number 12. 2002: Paper Tigers: the rise and fall of the independent media in Malawi, 1961 – 2001, Society of Malawi Journal, 2002, 55, 1: 1 – 23. Family
Lwanda, who sometimes describes himself as a subsistence farmer, has three grand children: Evelyn Onani, Muliko, and Tazilwa. References

Malawian general practitioners
Malawian academics
Malawian historians
Malawian educators
Living people
1948 births
Malawian poets
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
20th-century Malawian writers
21st-century Malawian writers
Academics of the University of


texts:
<mask>, known as <mask> or simply <mask> (31 May 1890 – 27 September 1967), was an abstract artist in the early 20th century and co-founder and first director of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. She was a key figure in advising Solomon R. Guggenheim to collect non-objective art, a collection that would later form the basis of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum collection. She was also influential in selecting Frank Lloyd Wright to design the current Guggenheim museum, which is now known as a modernist icon in New York City. Early life and education
<mask> was born into a German aristocratic family in Strasbourg, Alsace-Lorraine, then part of the German Empire. She was the second child of Baron <mask>, an officer in the Prussian army, and his wife, <mask>. She showed an early aptitude for art and she studied at the Cologne Kunstgewerbeschule during the academic year 1908/09. She then attended the Académie Julian in Paris from 1909 until 1910, where she received traditional training in landscape, portraiture, genre and history painting.Under the influence of the German Jugendstil painter Fritz Erler, <mask> moved to Munich in 1910 where she lived until 1911. Here, she began to develop her interest in modern art. Invited by Dr. Arnold Fortlage, <mask> participated in her first exhibition at the Cologne Kunstverein in 1912. Fortlage was the author of the foreword to the 1911 Ferdinand Hodler exhibition in Munich, which inspired <mask> greatly to pursue her interest in modern art. In March 1913, <mask> was exhibited alongside Archipenko, Brâncuși, Chagall, Robert Delaunay, Gleizes, Diego Rivera and  at the Salon des Indépendants in Paris. This experience, however, was disheartening for <mask>, who seemed to judge her own

masks: Hildegard Anna Augusta Elisabeth Freiin Rebay von Ehrenwiesen


texts:
 work as inadequate. In 1915, <mask> met Hans (Jean) Arp in Zurich.This meeting was extremely influential upon <mask>'s artistic taste, since it was through Arp that she was introduced to the non-objective modern art works of Kandinsky, Klee, Franz Marc, Chagall and Rudolf Bauer. At this time, <mask> was also introduced to Herwarth Walden and the avant-garde Galerie Der Sturm in Berlin. Career in the United States
In January 1927, <mask> immigrated to the United States and settled in New York City. An avid art collector, she became a friend and confidante of Solomon R. Guggenheim, and helped advise his art purchases. In particular, she encouraged him to purchase non-objective art by Rudolf Bauer and Kandinsky. These purchases later founded the basis of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation's Museum of Non-Objective Painting, which opened in 1939 in a showroom located at 24 East 54th Street. The first exhibition, entitled Art of Tomorrow, opened on June 1, 1939.<mask> served as the director of the museum until 1952. The next director was James Johnson Sweeney, who had previously been a curator at the Museum of Modern Art. In June 1943, <mask> wrote to the noted architect Frank Lloyd Wright to commission a "museum-temple" to house the growing collection. While the new museum was being designed, the Museum of Non-Objective Painting moved to a townhouse located at 1071 Fifth Avenue, the intended location of the new building, where <mask> continued to organize exhibitions. When ground was finally broken in 1956, the collection was temporarily moved to a townhouse at 7 East 72nd Street. The new museum opened on October 21, 1959, as the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. <mask> was acknowledged to have excellent taste in modern

masks: Rebay Rebay Rebay Rebay Rebay Rebay Rebay Rebay


texts:
 art.She continued to paint and achieved some recognition for her abstract works. Although she was long a confidante to Solomon Guggenheim, others in the family found her personally difficult, especially his niece Peggy. After Solomon Guggenheim died in 1949, the family expelled her from the board of directors. When the museum was completed, <mask> was not invited for the opening. She never set foot in the museum she helped create. Embittered, <mask> retreated from public life and spent her final years at her estate in Westport, Connecticut. After her death in 1967, she was buried according to her wishes in her family grave in Teningen, Germany.Legacy and honors

<mask> Collection, which includes works by artists such as Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Albert Gleizes and Kurt Schwitters. In 2012 a Hilla von Rebay Association was founded in Teningen dedicated to the memory of <mask> and her work. It operates a museum in her parents' house, which they purchased in 1919 and which she donated to Teningen after their deaths, with the request that it be used for a good purpose. 2004, the German documentary filmmaker Sigrid Faltin made the film The Guggenheim and the Baroness: The Story of <mask> <mask> – Eine Deutsche Künstlerin in New York was published. In 2005, nearly forty years after her death, the Guggenheim Museum honored <mask> with a special exhibition dedicated to her role in the foundation and her collection, entitled Art of Tomorrow: <mask> <mask> and Solomon R. Guggenheim (May 20 – August 10, 2005). It opened in New York and traveled to Europe.The Hilla von Rebay Foundation was established in her name at the Guggenheim Museum to promote non-objective art. The Hilla Rebay International Fellowship was founded in

masks:
Rebay
Rebay
Following Rebaybay
Rebay
Hilla
Rebaybay
Rebay
Hilla
Rebay


texts:
 2001 to offer a current graduate student the opportunity to undertake a paid rotating position at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York, the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao and the Peggy Guggenheim Museum in Venice. In 2014, <mask> was depicted in Bauer, a play about the life and art of Rudolf Bauer and his relationship with <mask>. The play had its world premiere at San Francisco Playhouse. In 2017, a selection of <mask>'s work was on view at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York as part of the Visionaries: Creating a Modern Guggenheim exhibition. Notes

References

External links

Guggenheim Museum | <mask> <mask> collection
Oral history interview with <mask> <mask>, 1966, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution
<mask> <mask>, Memorial website, Teningen

1890 births
1967 deaths
Abstract painters
German baronesses
Modern painters
People from Strasbourg
19th-century German Jews
German women painters
People from Westport, Connecticut
American women painters
Painters from New York (state)
20th-century German painters
People from Alsace-Lorraine
Museum directors
Women museum directors
20th-century American painters
Alumni of the Académie Julian
20th-century American women artists
Painters from Alsace
20th-century German women
German emigrants to the United

masks:
Rebay
Rebay
Rebay
Hilla
von Rebay
Hilla
von Rebay
Hilla
von Rebay