texts: Kentucky) and then two games at running back (Maryland, Florida). Rivals.com and Phil Steele awarded him All-ACC second team honors as a wide receiver. As a punt returner, he was an All-ACC third team selection by Steele. <mask> led the team in all purpose yards (1,513) and catches.He was second on the team in receiving yards, rushing attempts as well as rushing yards and was the team's leading punt returner. Out of anyone with more than five carries, he had the highest average yards per rush. With 9.82 yards per play, he placed ninth among all freshmen and sophomores in the Football Bowl Subdivision and was third in the FBS amongst sophomores in average yards per play. At the conclusion of the season, he was nationally ranked 75th in all-purpose yards, 30th in punt returns and also 91st in receptions per game. He finished the season in the top 10 in the ACC for receptions per game (fifth), punt return average (third), all-purpose yards (seventh) and receiving yards per game (eighth). <mask> was the first player to ever play for Bobby Bowden to garner 80 yards rushing, receiving and returning kicks in a single game in the same season. He acquired averages of 116 yards of total offense per game, 61 yards per game and 13 yards per catch as a wide receiver.He accounted for 51 first downs (team high) and tied for the team lead with five touchdowns. Against Maryland, he garnered 133 yards on 20 carries (career high) when he was forced into a starting rotation at running back due to injuries sustained by all three of the Seminoles' running backs. <mask> had only five days to learn the new position and still had the second most productive rushing

masks: Parker Parker Parker


type: original

texts:
 performance of the season by any Florida State running back. In 10 of the 12 games he played at as wide receiver he had at least four catches. He went on to finish the season tied for 10th all-time in single season receptions at FSU. He was the Seminoles' 2007 MVP. Junior season
<mask> opened the season with a two-game suspension due to legal issues.He played in 10 games and made eight starts. Even though he missed two games versus Western Carolina and UTC, <mask> led all of the wide receivers with 40 catches and was also second on the team with 372 yards. In the last seven regular season games of the 2008 season he caught 34 passes which were twice as many as any other wide receiver on the team. In four of the last seven regular season games he had 50 yards or more receiving and averaged almost five catches per game after the win at NC State. In a win over Clemson, he recorded 169 all-purpose yards and 127 all-purpose yards in a loss at Georgia Tech. Legal troubles

Throughout his career at Florida State, <mask> gathered numerous charges. In November 2006, he was arrested after Tallahassee police said he tried to steal a DVD.He entered a diversionary program and the charge was later dismissed. On April 2008, he was arrested and charged with carrying a concealed firearm (felony) and possession of marijuana (misdemeanor). On January 2009, <mask> was arrested for DUI after police found him passed out behind the wheel of his car. His blood alcohol content was 0.054, which is well below the Florida legal limit of 0.08. Police said a urine sample was a "presumptive positive" for marijuana. Police also stated that <mask> admitted to drinking alcohol

masks: Parker Parker Parker Parker Parker


texts:
 and smoking marijuana the night before. With this being his third arrest, he was dismissed from the team.He finished his collegiate career at the University of North Alabama. Professional career

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
After the 2010 collegiate season, <mask> signed with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He made the team after performing well during the preseason. He garnered very little playing time and caught four passes in 9 games played. In his second year with the team, he gained 554 yards and scored 3 touchdowns. In 2012, he signed an exclusive rights deal, worth $540K for 1 year. On Thursday, September 20, 2012, he was released by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers with the signing of Tiquan Underwood.New Orleans Saints
On January 3, 2013, the New Orleans Saints signed <mask> to a futures contract. Although he performed well in training camp as both wide receiver and kick returner (including two touchdown catches in a preseason game against Kansas City), <mask> was released on August 31, 2013 as part of the team's final preseason cuts. New York Giants
New York Giants signed <mask> on January 7, 2014. <mask> had 36 catches for 418 yards and two touchdowns on the year. He also contributed to special teams as a returner. He was released by the Giants on September 22, 2015 after a series of crucial dropped passes in multiple games. References

External links
Tampa Bay Buccaneers bio
Florida State Seminoles bio

1987 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Delray Beach, Florida
Players of American football from Florida
American football wide receivers
Florida State Seminoles football players
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
New Orleans Saints players
New York Giants

masks: Parker Parker Parker Preston Parker


texts:
<mask> (張岱; pinyin: Zhāng Dài, courtesy name: Zhongzhi (宗子), pseudonym: Tao'an (陶庵)) (1597–1684) was a Chinese essayist and historian. He was a gentleman essayist who was a biographer of his own privileged aristocratic family, a historian of the Ming Dynasty, and a biographer of notable virtuous figures. He wrote his own obituary which included the lines : He loved pretty maidservants, he  loved handsome serving boys . . . he loved perfect food . . . he loved  paintings of flowers and birds. <mask> was a prolific writer, having penned more than thirty books covering literature and history; however only a few of <mask>'s numerous works remain extant today. <mask>'s most famous books are:

 Tao An Meng Yi (陶庵夢憶 Reminiscences in Dreams of Tao An),  written ca.1665. Xi Hu Meng Xun (西湖夢尋 Search The West Lake in Dreams)

Life

<mask> was born in Ming Dynasty Wanli 25th year (1597 AD) in Shanyin (山陰), now Shaoxing of Zhejiang province, China. His ancestors came from Sichuan

<mask> never passed the Imperial examinations which led to the Ming civil service, instead he became a private scholar and aesthete. His family's wealth allowed him to develop his aesthetic tastes in such pursuits as Moon watching festivals, Chinese lantern design, the sponsorship of dramatic troupes, appreciation of tea, and garden and landscape aesthetics. His writing tries to convey the sensuality and subtlety of these pursuits. His inwardly focused mind did not see the coming collapse of the Ming in 1644–1645. When anarchy and war broke over his beloved landscape in the Yangtze delta he

masks:
Zhang Dai
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang Dai
Zhang Dai
Zhang Dai


texts:
 was forced to flee to the mountains where he hid as a Buddhist monk.When he returned in 1649 all his property was gone and he lived as a tenant in the ruins of one of his beloved gardens. It was here he completed his history of the Ming Dynasty, in part to explain its collapse. For a period of time, he was the sole source of income for more than 20 of his family members. Hard physical works became a part of his daily routine. However, this time period and his culmination of literary production overlapped. He died in 1684 around the age of 88. Works by <mask>
<mask> was a prolific writer/author.By the age of 50, he had completed more than ten literary works. During his later years, nothing prevented him from writing more on what he found to be a worthy subject. He was a notable author of the xiaopin, a form of short literary essay. Notable works:
張岱 <mask> Dai: 陶庵夢憶 Tao An Meng Yi, 1986 edition, Golden Maple Publishing House, Taiwan
張岱 <mask> Dai: 西湖夢尋 Xi Hu Meng Xun, Search The West Lake in Dreams. Full list:
The Biographies of Five Unusual People – Eight biographies of distant family members. Book of the Stone Casket – History of the Ming Dynasty completed in the 1670s. Historical Gaps – Study of deliberate omissions in Chinese history
The Night Ferry 夜航船 – A Compendium of Knowledge to aid conversations between strangers
Portraits with Commentary of the Imperishable Worthies of the Shaoxing Region in the Ming – (with Xu Quin) Collection of portraits of worthy figures – incomplete.Profiles of Righteous and Honorable People Through the Ages – Collection of

masks:
Zhang Dai
Zhang Dai
Zhang
Zhang


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 400 compact biographical studies of worthy people from the second millennium BC to the 1360s. Sequel to the Book of the Stone Casket – Describing the fall of the Ming dynasty and apportioning blame. Tracing Westlake in a Dream 西湖夢尋 – Memories of his beloved  West Lake in the city of Hangzhou. A beautiful lake surrounded by villas and gardens, later destroyed in the war following the fall of the Ming. The Dream Recollections of Taoan 陶庵夢憶 – Flashes of memories of his earlier life that came to <mask> whilst in hiding as a Taoist monk following the fall of the Ming. Langhuan Wenji 嫏嬛文集 – The Paradise of Langhuan. Description of an imagined landscape of gardens, lakes, rivers, trees, mountain views, shrines, and halls.The Lean Nags of Yangzhou 揚州瘦馬 – On the concubine market in the town of Yangzhou. On Matteo Ricco – Comments on the Chinese work of a westerner, the  Jesuit Matteo Ricci. On Putuo Shrine – Essay on his journey to the island of Putuo, one of the most sacred Buddhist sites in China. "Rhyme Mountain" - Reflections on the unpublished work of his grandfather. Letter to the Prince of Lu – Letter to the leader of the southern Ming known as the Prince of Lu following the fall of the dynasty, encouraging him to restore the dynasty to China. Ice Mountain 冰山 – Operatic play about the rise and fall of the eunuch Wei Zhongxian. Self Written Obituary

Poems:
For Dr Lu
For the Singer Courtesan Wang Yuesheng
New Year's Day
 Pounding Rice
 For Qi Biaojia
Rebuttal of Qi Biaojia

Books on <mask>
 Spence, Jonathan D. (2007).Return to Dragon Mountain: Memories of a

masks:
Zhang Dai
Zhang Dai


texts:
 Late Ming Man. Viking, 332 pages. Kafalas, Phlip A. (2007). In Limpid Dream: Nostalgia and <mask>'s Reminiscences of the Ming. East Bridge, 286 pages. Translations
 <mask>, Souvenirs rêvés de Tao'an, translated by Brigitte Teboul-Wang, 1995
 Vignettes from the Late Ming: A Hsiao-P'in Anthology, by Yang Ye, University of Washington Press; (March 1999)

Excerpt
Elderly Min Tea 閔老子茶
Chou Me-Nong bragged about Min Vin-sui's tea to me over and over.In the ninth month of 1638, I went to the City of Liu. After landing, I visited Min Vin-sui at Peach Leave Ferry. It was afternoon, and Vin-sui was out. He came back late, and I saw a grumpy old man. No sooner than introduction, he suddenly exclaimed "I forgot my cane at some one's home !" then out he went. I said to myself " I cannot afford to waste a whole day".I called again. When Vin-sui returned, it was already evening. He glanced at me, and said "Is the guest still here ? What are you here for?" "I have long heard your reputation, I will not leave here unless I get to drink Vin-sui tea" I replied. Vin-sui was pleased, and set up stove and brew tea himself, as swiftly as wind and storm. He led me into a room with bright windows and clean desk and filled with Thorn Brook tea pots and Chen Shuen Kiln porcelain cups.What an exquisite collection! Under the lamplight, the color of tea looked the same as the porcelain cups, but the tea had an aggressive aroma, I exclaimed with amazement and ask Vin-sui "Where do you obtained this tea?" "It was from the Garden of Liang" he replied. I sipped again, and said "Don't


texts:
 fool me, this tea was indeed made according to Liang Garden recipe, but it doesn't tasted so" "Do you know where the tea was from?" asked
Vin-sui, hiding his smile. I sipped again, and said "How come it tasted so much like Lu Gie tea?" "Odd, odd!"said Vin-sui, sticking out his tongue. I ask Vin-sui what kind of water he used. "Hui Spring water" "Don't fool me, Hui Spring water travelled thousands of miles how come the water moves but not the pebbles?" "I am not going to hide the truth any more. When one fetch Hui Spring water one must dig a well, and wait in a silent night for new water to arrive, then bucket it up quickly. Mountain pebbles would line the bottom of the jar. A boat will not move without the wind, so still water creates no pebbles......" " Odd, odd!"said he, sticking out his tongue. No sooner he uttered this words, out he went. He soon returned with a kettle and pour me a full cup of tea, and said "please try this" "It has an intense aroma and rich taste. Is this spring tea? The one I tasted before was Autumn pick" Vin-sui laughed heartily and said "In seventy years of my life, I have never met a single connoisseur like you!" We became friends. From Book III, "Dream and Remininscence of Tao An", translated by Gisling

References

Bibliography
 Mair, Victor H.(ed.) (2001). The Columbia History of Chinese Literature. New York: Columbia University Press. . (Amazon Kindle edition.) External links

1597 births
1689 deaths
17th-century Chinese historians
Historians from Zhejiang
Ming dynasty essayists
Ming dynasty historians
Writers from


texts:
<mask> (born February 23, 1989) is a former American football safety. He was drafted by the Chicago Bears in the third round of the 2011 NFL Draft. He played college football at California. Early life
Conte attended Loyola High School, and graduated in 2007. During his time at Loyola, Conte played both safety and wide receiver. Conte was named to the All-Far West team by SuperPrep, and posted 58 tackles with 4 INTs and caught 43 passes for 614 yards and 4 touchdowns in his senior year, as well as helping his team to the CIF Division I title as a junior, collecting 38 tackles and 2 INTs. Conte is the grandson of actor <mask>.College career
<mask> expressed interest in UCLA, but ultimately committed to California on February 7, 2007. Conte played in 50 games, with 17 starts during his four seasons at Cal, and compiled career totals of 157 tackles, 4.0 tackles for loss (-13 yards), two interceptions (for no return yards), 11 pass breakups, a forced fumble, a fumble recovery, three kick returns for a total of 55 yards (18.3 ypr) and one blocked punt that he returned six yards for a touchdown against the Arizona State Sun Devils. In his senior year, <mask> earned first team all-Pac-10 honors. Stats

Professional career
At the NFL Scouting Combine, <mask> was one of the top performers in the broad jump, as he finished fourth among defensive back prospects. Chicago Bears
The Chicago Bears selected <mask> in the third round (93rd overall) of the 2011 NFL Draft. <mask> was the third safety drafted in 2011. 2011
On July 29, 2011, the Bears signed <mask> to a four-year, $2.60 million contract that includes a signing bonus

masks:
Christopher Michael Conte
Richard Conte
Conte
Conte
Conte
Conte
Conte
Conte


texts:
 of $533,600.Throughout training camp, Conte competed for a job as a starting safety against Major Wright and <mask>. Head coach Lovie Smith named <mask> the backup free safety to begin the regular season, behind Major Wright. He made his professional regular season debut in the Chicago Bears' season-opening 30–12 victory against the Atlanta Falcons. The following week, <mask> recorded his first career tackle during a six-yard run on running back Pierre Thomas in the third quarter of a 30–13 loss at the New Orleans Saints in Week 2. On October 16, 2011, <mask> made his first career start and recorded a season-high six combined tackles in a 39–10 victory against the Minnesota Vikings in Week 6. <mask> was named the starter after Brandon Meriweather was benched after Meriweather had disappointing performances in the first five games of the season. On October 23, 2011, <mask> recorded a solo tackle, two pass deflections, and made his first career interception in the Bears' 24–18 victory at the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Week 7.He intercepted a pass by quarterback Josh Freeman at the two-yard line, that was originally intended receiver Mike Williams, in the first quarter. On December 19, 2011, the Chicago Bears placed <mask> on injured reserve after he injured his foot during a Week 15 loss to the Seattle Seahawks the previous day. <mask> finished  his rookie season in 2011 with 30 combined tackles (23 solo), two pass deflections, and an interception in 14 games and nine starts. Pro Football Focus gave Conte the 43rd highest overall grade among all qualifying safeties in 2011. 2012
<mask> entered training camp slated as

masks:
Chris Harris
Conte
Conte
Conte
Conte
Conte
Conte
Conte
Conte


texts:
 the starting free safety. Head coach Lovie Smith officially named him the starter to begin the regular season, alongside strong safety Major Wright. He started in the Chicago Bears' season-opener against the Indianapolis Colts and recorded four combined tackles, two pass deflections, and intercepted a pass by Andrew Luck that was deflected by cornerback Tim Jennings in their 41–21 victory.On October 1, 2012, he collected a season-high 11 combined tackles (eight solo) during a 34–18 victory at the Dallas Cowboys in Week 4. He was inactive for the Bears' Week 17 victory at the Detroit Lions after injuring his shoulder the previous week. On December 31, 2012, the Chicago Bears fired head coach Lovie Smith after they finished with a 10–6 record and did not qualify for the playoffs. He completed the 2012 season with 68 combined tackles (52 solo), nine passes defended, two interceptions, and a fumble recovery in 15 games and 15 starts. He received the 56th highest overall grade from Pro Football Focus among all qualifying safeties in 2012. 2013
The Chicago Bears' new head coach Marc Trestman opted to retain <mask> and Major Wright as the starting safety duo to start the 2013 regular season. On November 10, 2013, <mask> recorded three combined tackles, a season-high three pass deflections, and an interception during a 21–19 loss to the Detroit Lions in Week 10.In Week 16, he collected a season-high ten combined tackles (eight solo) in the Bears' 54–11 loss at the Philadelphia Eagles in Week 16. On December 29, 2013, <mask> made a crucial mistake and blew a pass coverage which allowed  Randall Cobb to catch  the

masks: Conte Conte Conte


texts:
 go-ahead touchdown reception and eventual winning touchdown in their 33–28 loss to the Green Bay Packers. During the play, <mask> did not receive the signal to check out of zone coverage and into man coverage which allowed Randall Cobb to make the catch uncontested. NBC Sports analyst Rodney Harrison stated on air, "He just flat-out blows the coverage, everyone else is playing man-to-man coverage, and he lets his wide receiver go straight down the field." The loss eliminated the Chicago Bears (8–8) from playoff contention and allowed the Green Bay Packers (8–7–1) to receive a NFC wildcard berth and finish first in the NFC North. <mask> finished the game with four solo tackles, a pass deflection, and an interception. <mask> finished the 2013 season with a career-high 90 combined tackles (73 solo) seven passes defended, three interceptions, and two forced fumbles in 16 games and 16 starts.<mask> was ranked as the 82nd out of 86 total rankings in safety during the 2013 season under new defensive coordinator Mel Tucker, according to Pro Football Focus. 2014
On April 3, 2014, the Chicago Bears announced that Conte recently underwent shoulder surgery in March and was projected to miss the next 4–5 months and training camp. During the preseason, Conte competed against Danny McCray to retain his starting role. Head coach Marc Trestman opted to retain Conte as the starter, along with strong safety Ryan Mundy, to start the regular season. <mask> started in the Chicago Bears' season-opener against the Buffalo Bills and recorded seven combined tackles, a pass deflection, and intercepted a pass by E. J. Manuel in their 23–20

masks: Conte Conte Conte Conte Conte


texts:
 loss. On September 13, 2014, <mask> was fined $22,050 for a helmet-to-helmet hit he delivered on wide receiver Robert Woods during the fourth quarter of their loss to the Bills. He was inactive for the Bears' Week 7 loss to the Miami Dolphins after sustaining a concussion the previous week.In Week 8, <mask> collected a season-high eight combined tackles during a 51–23 loss at the New England Patriots. On December 4, 2014, <mask> made two combined tackles before exiting the Bears' 41–28 loss to the Dallas Cowboys due to a knee injury. His injury sidelined him for the last three games of the regular season. Conte finished the 2013 season with 43 combined tackles (32 solo), three pass deflections, and three interceptions in 12 games and 12 starts. 2015
Conte became an unrestricted free agent in 2015 and attended a private visit with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Tampa Bay Buccaneers
On March 12, 2015, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers signed <mask> to a fully guaranteed one-year, $1.50 million contract with a signing bonus of $250,000. <mask> was reunited with Tampa Bay Buccaneers' head coach Lovie Smith.Throughout training camp, Conte competed to be the starting free safety against Bradley McDougald. Head coach Lovie Smith named <mask> the backup free safety, behind Bradley McDougald, to begin the 2015 regular season. On September 20, 2015, <mask> earned his first start of the season after Major Wright injured his abdomen in the season-opener and was sidelined for the next three games (Weeks 2–4). <mask> finished the Buccaneers' 26–19 victory at the New Orleans Saints with five solo tackles, a pass deflection, and an

masks: Conte Conte Conte Conte Conte Conte Conte Conte


texts:
 interception. He intercepted a pass thrown by quarterback Drew Brees, that was initially intended for wide receiver Brandin Cooks, and was in the process of being tackled for a two-yard loss when he quickly lateraled the ball to cornerback Alterraun Verner. Verner returned it for a 28-yard gain to set up a field goal in the third quarter of the Tampa's Week 2 victory. In Week 11, <mask> recorded a season-high ten combined tackles (seven solo), broke up a pass, and made an interception during a 45–17 victory at the Philadelphia Eagles.He was inactive for the last two games of the regular season (Weeks 16–17) after injuring his knee during a Week 15 loss at the St. Louis Rams. On January 1, 2016, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers placed <mask> on injured reserve. <mask> completed the 2015 season with a total of 79 combined tackles (59 solo), six pass deflections, two forced fumbles and two interceptions in 14 games and 13 starts. 2016
On January 6, 2016, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers fired head coach Lovie Smith after they finished last in the NFC South Division with a 6–10 record. <mask> became an unrestricted free agent and received interest from the Buccaneers and New York Giants. On March 13, 2016, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers re-signed <mask> to a one-year, $3 million contract that includes $2.50 million guaranteed. He entered training camp slated as the starting free safety, but saw competition for his role from Keith Tandy and Major Wright.Head coach Dirk Koetter officially named <mask> the starting free safety to open the regular season, opposite strong safety Bradley McDougald. He started in the Tampa Bay Buccaneers'

masks: Conte Conte Conte Conte Conte Conte


texts:
 season-opener at the Atlanta Falcons and collected a season-high 11 combined tackles (seven solo) in their 31–24 victory. On November 13, 2016, <mask> recorded seven combined tackles, broke up a pass, and returned an interception for his first career touchdown during the Buccaneers' 36–10 victory against his former team, the Chicago Bears, in Week 10. He intercepted a pass thrown by quarterback Jay Cutler, that was intended for tight end Logan Paulsen, and returned it for a 20-yard touchdown in the first quarter. The following week, <mask> collected seven solo tackles, a pass deflection, and an interception during a 19–17 win at the Kansas City Chiefs in Week 11. The game marked his second consecutive game with an interception. In Week 12, <mask> sustained a chest injury during a 14–5 victory against the Seattle Seahawks and was sidelined for the next two games (Weeks 13–14).He completed the 2016 season with 69 combined tackles (59 solo), five passes defensed, two interceptions, and a touchdown in 14 games and 11 starts. Conte earned an overall grade of 42.0 from Pro Football Focus and ranked 88th among all qualifying safeties in 2016. 2017
On March 9, 2017, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers re-signed <mask> to a two-year, $5 million contract with $2.5 million guaranteed. Defensive coordinator Mike Smith held a competition to name a starting free safety. Conte competed against Keith Tandy, J. J. Wilcox, and Justin Evans. Head coach Dirk Koetter retained <mask> and Keith Tandy as the starting safety duo to begin the season. In Week 8, <mask> collected a season-high nine combined tackles, deflected a pass, and an


texts:
 interception in their 17–3 loss to the Carolina Panthers.On December 24, 2017, he tied his season-high of nine combined tackles and also deflected a pass during a 22–19 loss at the Carolina Panthers in Week 16. He completed the season with 77 combined tackles (62 solo), eight pass deflections, and an interception in 16 games and 14 starts. Pro Football Focus gave Conte an overall grade of 74.6, which ranked him 57th among all qualifying safeties in 2017. 2018
On September 25, 2018, Conte was placed on injured reserve after suffering a torn PCL in Week 3. References

External links

 Tampa Bay Buccaneers bio
 Chicago Bears bio
 California Golden Bears bio

1989 births
Living people
Players of American football from Los Angeles
American football safeties
California Golden Bears football players
Chicago Bears players
Tampa Bay Buccaneers


texts:
<mask> (born August 9, 1939), nicknamed "Gomer" because of his resemblance to television character Gomer Pyle, is an American former professional baseball left-handed pitcher, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cincinnati Redlegs/Reds, Washington Senators, Los Angeles Dodgers, Houston Astros, St. Louis Cardinals, and Chicago White Sox. Career overview
The most significant portion of <mask>'s career was spent with the Dodgers. <mask> never really received a season-long chance to start in Cincinnati and was traded on Sept. 16, 1961 to the Washington Senators for pitcher Dave Sisler. With the Senators, <mask> finally got a chance to start regularly in the big leagues, albeit with a consistently sub-.500 team. After posting a winning record (15–13) in 1964, he was in much demand that winter. On December 4, 1964, <mask> was traded by the Senators to the Dodgers in a 7-player deal, with five players (two of whom were Frank Howard and Pete Richert) going to the Senators. Osteen developed into one of the game's better starters in Los Angeles.After two years with an earned run average (ERA) under 3.00 (–), <mask> was considered a top-notch starter and a workhorse. In those two years, <mask> and the Dodgers reached two straight World Series (the only two he would reach in his career). In the 1965 World Series, the Dodgers went on to beat the Minnesota Twins in 7 games, with <mask> pitching brilliantly. He had a 0.64 ERA in the Series, with a 1–1 record including a shutout, which came after teammates Don Drysdale and Sandy Koufax had

masks:
Claude Wilson Osteen
Osteen
Osteen
Osteen
Osteen
Osteen
Osteen
Osteen


texts: lost their respective games (the first two games of the Series). In the 1966 World Series, the Dodgers were beaten by the Baltimore Orioles in four games. <mask> was charged with the loss, in a 1–0 pitcher's duel with Wally Bunker in Game 3, despite giving up only three hits in seven innings; a home run by Paul Blair accounted for the game's only run. <mask>'s final postseason statistics include a 0.86 ERA with seven strikeouts in 21 innings pitched.In , <mask> reached his first All-Star game. His season totals included going 17–17, with a 3.22 ERA, in 288 innings pitched. He hurled 14 complete games, with five shutouts. In , <mask> was one of the game's consistent hard-luck losers; despite a very respectable 3.08 ERA, he only won 12 of 30 decisions. The 12 victories would be his fewest in a season from 1964 to 1973; the 18 losses tied him with Ray Sadecki for the major league lead. In , <mask> won 20 games for the first time and set a number of career highs, including 321 innings pitched, 183 strikeouts, 16 complete games, and 7 shutouts. In the 1970s, <mask> was still pitching an average of 260 innings a year.In the 1970 All-Star game, <mask> pitched three shutout innings, notching the win, in a game most remembered for the play in which Pete Rose barreled into Ray Fosse to score the winning run in the 12th inning. Coincidentally, like <mask>, the pitcher and hitter involved in the walk-off single were also Tennessee natives: Jim Hickman (who had been a Dodger teammate of <mask>'s in 1967) collected the hit off losing pitcher Clyde

masks: Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen


texts: Wright (coincidentally, Hickman and Wright would become Comeback Players of the Year in their respective leagues). In , <mask> had a particularly strong year, finishing with 7 complete game victories in his last 9 starts. That year, he was 20–11, with a 2.64 ERA, in 252 innings pitched. <mask> made his 3rd and final All-Star team in 1973, in what would prove to be his last real quality MLB campaign — and his last season with the Dodgers. That year, while pitching for a 2nd-place Dodger team, <mask> went 16–11 and posted a 3.31 ERA, while logging 33 starts, 12 complete games, and 3 shutouts. He had achieved double-figure wins each year, for 10 consecutive seasons (1964–1973).Prior to the  season, the Dodgers traded <mask> to the Houston Astros for outfielder Jimmy Wynn. Wynn helped the Dodgers win the 1974 NL pennant The Astros traded <mask> to the St. Louis Cardinals in August 1974. On September 11, 1974 he pitched 9 innings of relief against the New York Mets in a 25 inning game, won by St. Louis 4–3. He did not figure in the decision. In April 1975, he was released by the Cardinals and was signed by the Chicago White Sox, for whom he played his final game on September 27, 1975. That following spring, when <mask> no longer fit in the ChiSox’ future plans, the team released him. Over the course of an 18-year professional career, <mask> compiled 196 wins, 1,612 strikeouts, and a 3.30 ERA.As a batter, Osteen had a lifetime .188 batting average, with 8 home runs, and 76 runs batted in (RBI). He was used as pinch hitter on a number of

masks: Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen Osteen


texts:
 occasions. Defensively, he recorded a .971 fielding percentage which was 18 points higher than the league average at his position. Beginning in , <mask> became a big league pitching coach for the Cardinals, Philadelphia Phillies, Texas Rangers, and Dodgers. He also coached various minor league teams. Highlights

3-time All-Star (1967, 1970, 1973)
Top 10 in the league in games started, 10 times (1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1975)
2nd in the league in shutouts 3 times (1967, 1969, 1970); top 10 in the league 3 more times (1971, 1972, 1973)
Top 10 in the league in innings pitched, 6 times (1964, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1972)
Top 10 in ERA, 3 times (1965, 1966, 1972)
Ranks #77 in all-time innings pitched (3460)
Ranks #44 (tie) in all-time shutouts (40)
Ranks #54 in all-time games started (488)

See also

 List of St. Louis Cardinals coaches

References

External links

<mask> at SABR (Baseball BioProject)
<mask> at Tennessee Encyclopedia

1939 births
Living people
Baseball players from Tennessee
Chicago White Sox players
Cincinnati Redlegs players
Cincinnati Reds players
Houston Astros players
Indianapolis Indians players
Los Angeles Dodgers coaches
Los Angeles Dodgers players
Los Angeles Dodgers scouts
Major League Baseball pitchers
Major League Baseball pitching coaches
Nashville Vols players
National League All-Stars
People from Reading, Ohio
Philadelphia Phillies coaches
St. Louis Cardinals coaches
Seattle Rainiers players
Texas Rangers coaches
Washington Senators (1961–1971) players
Wenatchee

masks:
Osteen
Claude Osteen
Claude Osteen


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Edward Anthony "<mask><mask> (born 1958) is an American experiential designer, mixed-media producer, and conceptualist. <mask> was formerly the Senior Vice President of Concept Design for Walt Disney Imagineering, and is currently president of the Los Angeles design firm SottoStudios Incorporated. He also established the think tank Futureproof Experiences in 2020 to address the challenges posed to the experiential industries by COVID-19. In 2002 <mask> was named one of the thousand most creative people in America in the book 1000: Richard Saul Wurman's Who's Really Who by TED founder Richard Saul Wurman. In 2018 he addressed the TEDxBermuda event with his presentation "The How of Wow". He was also named one of the Blooloop 50 list of theme park influencers in 2020. Background and early career

<mask> was born in Hollywood, California.His aunt, <mask>, was a costume illustrator and designer who worked for Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney Productions, and his grandfather <mask> was a scenic artist at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and a portrait artist. <mask> grew up fascinated by Disneyland and as a teenager built a 1/200 scale model of the park based on plans obtained from WED Enterprises. At 21, he acted upon a suggestion to pursue his interests in modelmaking and storyboarding, and was hired as an Assistant Project Director at Knott's Berry Farm. There, he designed Wacky Soap Box Racers, a redesign of the park's Steeplechase-style roller coaster, Motorcycle Chase, and contributed to elements of Camp Snoopy. In 1983, <mask> became a Show Designer for Hollywood-based Landmark Entertainment Group. During his tenure, he designed and developed themed attractions for Universal Studios Hollywood and Six Flags as well as designs for Mattel. Walt Disney Imagineering

<mask>'s work on the "Laboratory of Scientific Wonders" for a Six Flags project in Baltimore, Maryland, caught the attention of Tony Baxter, Vice President of Design at Walt Disney Imagineering (WDI), who hired <mask> as Show

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Eddie
" Sotto III
Sotto
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Marilyn Sotto
Edward Sotto
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 Producer/Designer for Main Street, U.S.A. at Euro Disneyland.<mask>'s Disney mentors included veteran Imagineers Herbert Ryman and John Hench. <mask> spent thirteen years with WDI, eventually being named Senior Vice President of Concept Design in 1994. He was involved in early development of the Indiana Jones Adventure attraction for Disneyland, and directed the master planning of Tokyo Disneyland for three years. His proposal to include a hotel at the entrance of Euro Disneyland led to the first instance of guest accommodations being incorporated into a Disney theme park. As head of the Concept Development Studio "think tank", <mask> applied principles of Imagineering outside the theme park setting. This culminated in such projects as the "Media as Architecture" facade of ABC's Times Square Studios in New York City and the design of the futuristic Encounter Restaurant in Los Angeles International Airport's Theme Building. Other innovative projects the Concept Development Studio developed included smart wireless toys, augmented reality coasters, online worlds, and resort concepts.Other projects included the Mission: SPACE attraction at Epcot and the $90m Pooh's Hunny Hunt ride at Tokyo Disneyland. After Disney

<mask> left Disney in 1999 to become Executive Vice President of Creative Affairs for the Digital Entertainment Network. Established to create "original youth culture programming and e-commerce opportunities ... for Generation Y consumers", DEN clients included Ford, Dell, Blockbuster, and Pepsi. In 2000, <mask> became Chief Creative Officer of Progress City. Seeking to explore the convergence of the Internet, architecture, and wireless devices, Progress City was founded to develop leading edge technology solutions for clients such as BBDO, Kodak, Motorola, Dentsu, San Diego Padres, NASA, and The Walt Disney Company. SottoStudios Inc. Founded in 2004, SottoStudios' mandate is stated as "seeing the impossible as a beautiful puzzle, and then bringing in the right combination of people to crack the

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 code".The studio specializes in highly themed or exotic design projects, including select private residences, and uses the tools of theme park design to help develop products, brands and businesses. Clients have included Aston-Martin, Ferrari, Porsche, Embraer, Disney, Knott’s, Blue Origin, Paramount Pictures, NBC/Universal, Irvine Co., Kerzner, and Wynn Resorts. Through his company, <mask> developed television series for VH1 networks, ABC, Showtime and CNN, and created a news format utilizing the Google search engine for Current TV. He continues to provide creative consulting and design development services to Walt Disney Imagineering. SottoStudios has applied the theory of "experiential design" to the Las Vegas Penske-Wynn Ferrari-Maserati dealership, and a James Bond-inspired Aston Martin showroom for Los Angeles' Galpin Aston Martin dealership. <mask> also developed a unique showroom and museum gallery for Galpin Porsche in Santa Clarita, California. The studio also developed designs for a McLaren showroom.One of <mask>'s collaborations with Embraer, the SkyRanch One, was named Best Private Jet Concept at the 2017 Yacht and Aviation Awards. Other Sotto-Embraer partnerships include the Skyacht One and Manhattan Airship. SottoStudios is also a consultant for Virgin Galactic. Other projects have included building a film history-themed pop-up store for Turner Classic Movies and partnering with chef John Sedlar to create Los Angeles' Rivera Restaurant. For Rivera, <mask> named and created the restaurant's identity, along with  architectural and thematic design elements. He was also a general partner in the restaurant. SottoStudios was also involved in assisting scientist Danny Hillis in the design of his 10,000-year clock for the Long Now Foundation.Futureproof Experiences

In 2020, Sotto created the think tank Futureproof Experiences in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on the themed entertainment industry. The group seeks to incorporate talents from the creative, business, and health care

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 industries to create frictionless and compelling entertainment experiences which combine security and pandemic precautions. Partial List of Projects at Walt Disney Imagineering

Projects in Sotto’s portfolio of design responsibility included:

Disneyland

 Master Planning Attraction Proposals
 Indiana Jones Adventure: Temple of the Forbidden Eye Concept Design
 Adventureland Renovation
 Main Street, U.S.A. Renovation
 Storybook Land Canal Boats Enhancements
 Aladdin's Oasis
 Fantasmic! Esplanade
 Main Street, USA Audio Enhancements
 Space Mountain Onboard Audio Enhancements

Walt Disney World

 Space Mountain FedEx Enhancements
 Mission: SPACE Conceptual Design
 World Showcase Proposals
 Pal Mickey Interactive Toy
 Videopolis Dance Club

Tokyo Disneyland

 Sci-Fi City and New Fantasyland Master Planning
 Disney Resort Line Monorail Station
 Pooh's Hunny Hunt
 Queen of Hearts Banquet Hall
 Alice's Tea Party
 The Enchanted Tiki Room – Get the Fever! World Bazaar Interior Designs

Disneyland Paris

 Executive Designer/Show Producer, Main Street, U.S.A.
 Disneyland Railroad Steam Trains
 Disneyland Hotel Concept Design

Concept Development Studio

 ABC Times Square Studios, New York City
 Encounter Restaurant at Los Angeles International Airport
 Interactive Ride Technologies
 Online Worlds

Voice Over Work

 Main Street Upstairs Windows (Disneyland Paris/Disneyland)
 Space Mountain (Walt Disney World/Disneyland)
 Market House Telephone (Disneyland/Walt Disney World/Disneyland Paris)
 Radio Toontown (Disneyland)
 Shrunken Ned (Disneyland)
 Aladdin’s Other Lamp (Disneyland)
 Disneyland/Walt Disney World Railroad boarding call (Disneyland Paris/Walt Disney World)
 Big Thunder Mountain (Disneyland Paris)

Actor

Star Tours concourse introductory video, original version (Disneyland)

References

External links
 SottoStudios Official Site
 Futureproof Experiences
 Wacky Soap Box Racers
 The How of Wow! | Eddie Sotto | TEDxBermuda
 Open Discussion Thread with Sotto at WDWMagic.com Part I Part II

Disney


texts: <mask>ye (; ; often in English ; born 2 February 1952) is a South Korean politician who served as the 11th president of South Korea from 2013 until 2017, when she was impeached and a year later convicted on related corruption charges. <mask> was the first woman to be elected president, and also the first female president popularly elected as head of state in East Asia. She was also the first South Korean president to be born after the founding of South Korea. Her father, <mask>e, was president from 1963 to 1979, serving five consecutive terms after he seized power in 1961. Before her presidency, <mask> was leader of the conservative Grand National Party (GNP) from 2004 to 2006 and leader of the Liberty Korea Party from 2011 to 2012. She was also a member of the National Assembly, serving four consecutive parliamentary terms between 1998 and 2012. <mask> started her fifth term as a representative elected via national list in June 2012.In 2013 and 2014, <mask> ranked 11th on the Forbes list of the world's 100 most powerful women and the most powerful woman in East Asia. In 2014, she ranked 46th on the Forbes list of the world's most powerful people, the third-highest South Korean on the list, after Lee Kun-hee and Lee Jae-yong. On 9 December 2016, <mask> was impeached by the National Assembly on charges related to influence peddling by her top aide, Choi Soon-sil. Then-Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn assumed her powers and duties as Acting President as a result. The Constitutional Court upheld the impeachment by a unanimous 8–0 ruling on 10 March 2017, thereby removing <mask> from office, making her the first Korean president to be so removed. On 6 April 2018, South Korean courts sentenced her to 24 years in prison (later increased to 25 years) for corruption and abuse

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 of power. In 2018, two separate criminal cases resulted in an increase of seven years in <mask>'s prison sentence.She was found guilty of illegally taking off-the-book funds from the National Intelligence Service (NIS) and given a five-year prison sentence, and also found guilty of illegally interfering in the Saenuri Party primaries in the 2016 South Korean legislative election, for which she was sentenced to two more years in prison. On 24 December 2021, it was announced that she would receive a pardon on compassionate grounds from South Korean President Moon Jae-in and be released from prison on 31 December. Early life and education
<mask>-hye was born on 2 February 1952, in Samdeok-dong of Jung District, Daegu, as the first child of <mask>-hee, the third president of South Korea, who having come to power with the May 16 military coup d'état of 1961, served from 1963 to 1979; and his wife, First Lady Yuk Young-soo. Both of her parents were assassinated. She has a younger brother, <mask>-man, and a younger sister, <mask>-ryeong. She is unmarried with no children. Pew Research Center described her as an atheist with a Buddhist and Roman Catholic upbringing.In 1953, <mask>'s family moved to Seoul, where she graduated from Jangchung Elementary School and Sungshim (literal: Sacred Heart) Girls' Middle and High School in 1970, going on to receive a bachelor's degree in electronic engineering from Sogang University in 1974. She briefly studied at Joseph Fourier University in France, but left following the murder of her mother. <mask>'s mother was killed on 15 August 1974 in the National Theater of Korea; Mun Se-gwang, a Japanese-born ethnic Korean sympathizer of North Korea and member of the Chongryon, was attempting to assassinate her husband, President <mask>-hee.

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 <mask>-hye was regarded as First Lady until the assassination of her father by his intelligence chief, Kim Jae-gyu, on 26 October 1979. During this time, activists who were political opponents of <mask>'s father claimed to be subject to arbitrary detention. Further, human rights were considered subordinate to economic development. In 2007, <mask> expressed regret at the treatment of activists during this period.<mask> received honorary doctoral degrees from the Chinese Culture University in Taiwan in 1987, Pukyong National University and KAIST in 2008, Sogang University in 2010, and TU Dresden in 2014. Political career

Assemblywoman
<mask> was elected a Grand National Party (GNP; later the Liberty Korea Party, or Saenuri Party) assemblywoman for Dalseong County (Daegu) in the 1998 by-election, and three more times in the same electoral district between 1998 and 2008, being the incumbent assemblywoman till April 2012. In 2012, <mask> announced that she would not run for a constituency representative seat for the 19th election in Dalseong or anywhere else, but for a proportional representative position for the Saenuri Party instead, in order to lead the party's election campaign. She was elected as a proportional representative in the April 2012 election. GNP chairwoman and "Queen of Elections"
Due to the failed attempt to impeach President Roh Moo-hyun and the bribery scandal of its 2002 presidential candidate, Lee Hoi-chang (revealed in 2004), the GNP was facing a severe defeat in the 2004 general election. <mask> was appointed as the chairwoman of the party and led the election efforts. In the election, the GNP lost its majority position but managed to gain 121 seats, which was largely considered a great achievement under such inhospitable circumstances for the

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 party.As the chairwoman of the GNP, <mask> helped her party make significant gains in local elections and actually obtain a majority in 2006. During the campaign, on 20 May 2006, Ji Chung-ho, a 50-year-old man with eight criminal convictions, slashed <mask>'s face with a utility knife, causing an 11-centimeter wound that required 60 stitches and several hours of surgery. A famous anecdote from this incident occurred when <mask> was hospitalized after the attack: the first word that she said to her secretary after her recovery from her wound was, "How is Daejeon?" After this, the GNP candidate in the Daejeon mayoral race won the election despite having trailed by more than 20 percentage points in opinion polls up to the point of the attack. In addition, during <mask>'s term as the GNP chairwoman between 2004 and 2006, the party won all 40 reelections and by-elections held, which was largely credited to her influence and efforts. This feat gave <mask> a nickname "Queen of Elections". On 12 February 2007, <mask> made a much-publicized visit to Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.Her visit culminated in an address to a packed audience at the John F. Kennedy School of Government, where she said she wanted to save Korea and advocated a stronger relationship between South Korea and the United States. 2007 presidential bid
<mask> hoped to emulate her father's success by becoming the presidential nominee of the GNP. She eventually lost to Lee Myung-bak by a narrow margin. Lee had a commanding lead at the beginning of the primary season, but <mask> was able to narrow the gap through allegations of Lee's corruption. <mask> won the "party members' bid", but she lost the "national bid", which is a larger percentage of the total presidential bid. 2008

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 general election
After the 2007 presidential election, President Lee Myung-bak formed a government of mostly close supporters. <mask>'s supporters argued that this was a kind of political reprisal and that they should secede from the GNP.Eventually, they formed parties named Pro-Park Coalition and Solidarity for Pro-Park Independents (친박 무소속 연대; Chin Park Musosok Yeondae). <mask> herself did not join them, but indirectly supported them by announcing, "I hope these people will come back alive." After the mass secession, the rebels announced that they would rejoin the GNP after the general election, but the party prohibited it. In the following 2008 general election, the rebels won 26 seats: fourteen from the Pro-Park Coalition and twelve as independents. Together, they played a pivotal role in the GNP's narrow majority. <mask> continually insisted that the GNP should allow the return of her supporters. As of 2011, most of these rebels had returned to the GNP, resulting in approximately 50 to 60 assembly members who supported <mask> out of 171 in the GNP.Head of Saenuri Party
In 2011, as a response to the dwindling approval rating of the GNP, the party formed an emergency committee and changed its name to the Saenuri Party, or "New Frontier" Party. On 19 December, <mask> was appointed as the chairwoman of the emergency committee, the de facto leader of the party. 2012 parliamentary election
The Saenuri Party achieved a surprise win against the opposing Democratic United Party in the 2012 general election, winning 152 seats and retaining its majority position. Because of the corruption scandals of the Lee administration revealed before the election, the party was widely expected to win no more than 100 seats. During the 13-day campaign period, <mask> traveled about

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  around South Korea, visiting more than 100 constituencies. It is the consensus of Korean news media and political experts that the most important factor leading to Saenuri Party's victory was <mask>'s leadership. For this reason, the 2012 election was often dubbed the "return of the Queen of Election".The party's defeat in the populous Seoul metropolitan area in this election, however, revealed the limitation of <mask>'s political influence. 2012 presidential campaign

<mask> had been the leading candidate for the 2012 presidential election in every national poll in South Korea between 2008, when the Lee administration began, and September 2011, with an approval rating of 25% to 45%, more than twice that of the second candidate. <mask>'s approval rating was highest during the 2008 general election showed her strong influence, and lowest in early 2010 as a result of her political stance against the Lee administration in Sejong City issue. <mask> also benefited from a public image of standing aloofly above the fray of politics. In September 2011, Ahn Cheol-soo, a former venture IT businessman and the Dean of Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology at Seoul National University, emerged as a strong independent candidate for the presidency. In national presidential polls in September 2011, Ahn and <mask> closely competed for the status of frontrunner, with <mask> losing the top seat in some polls for the first time since 2008. On 10 July 2012, <mask> formally announced her presidential bid at the Time Square, Yeongdeungpo District, Seoul.In this event, she emphasized the right to pursue happiness, a democratic economy, and customized welfare services for the Korean people. In a national survey by Mono Research on 30 August <mask> was the top presidential


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 candidate with an approval rating of 45.5% when competing with all potential candidates, and according to another recent national survey result had a higher approval rating (50.6%) than Ahn (43.9%) in a two-way competition as of 11 September. The opposing Democratic Party of Korea elected Moon Jae-in as its presidential candidate on 17 September, while Ahn announced his presidential bid on 19 September. Although still a leading candidate, <mask> had a lower approval rating than both Ahn and Moon when engaged in two-way competition, according to a 22 September national survey. <mask> was elected as president of the Republic of Korea on 19 December 2012, with the approval of 51.6% of Korean voters. In 2017, the National Intelligence Service (NIS) admitted that it had conducted an illicit campaign to influence the 2012 presidential election, mobilizing teams of experts in psychological warfare to ensure that <mask> defeated Moon. Positions

In a 2012 survey by Korean Research assessing the political stance of twelve potential presidential candidates of South Korea, <mask> was considered the most conservative candidate.Her conservative, market-oriented political stance was well reflected in her campaign pledge for 2008 presidential bid to cut taxes, reduce regulation, and establish strong law and order. Since 2009, however, <mask> started to focus more on welfare issues, advocating customized welfare services to the Korean people. <mask> was well known for her strict adherence to political promises. In 2010, for example, she successfully stopped the Lee administration's attempt to cancel the plan to establish Sejong City, a new national center of administration, arguing that the plan was a promise made to the people. This conflict between <mask> and the Lee

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 administration cost her a considerable decrease in her approval rating at the time. In 2012, <mask> also vowed to construct a new airport in the southeastern region, a 2008 presidential campaign promise made by GNP but cancelled in 2011, despite claims of economic infeasibility of the plan. The administrative vision of <mask>'s new government was "a new era of hope and happiness".The five Administrative Goals of the government were "a jobs-centered creative economy", "tailored employment and welfare", "creativity-oriented education and cultural enrichment", "a safe and united society" and "strong security measures for sustainable peace on the Korean Peninsula". The <mask>-hye administration planned to create a trustworthy, clean, and capable government by carrying out these goals, related strategies, and tasks. <mask>

<mask> became the 11th president of South Korea on 25 February 2013. At midnight, she took over all presidential authorities including the prerogative of supreme command of South Korea's armed forces from her predecessor Lee Myung-bak. In her inauguration speech at the National Assembly building, <mask> spoke of her plan to open a new era of hope through "economic prosperity, people's happiness, and cultural enrichment". She particularly expressed her hope that North Korea would give up its nuclear arms and walk on the path of peace and mutual development, and declared that the foundation for a happy era of unification in which all Korean people will be able to enjoy prosperity and freedom and realize their dreams would be built through the Korean Peninsula Trust-building Process.In her inauguration speech, <mask> presented four guiding principles to realize her administrative vision: economic prosperity, people's happiness, cultural enrichment, and

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 establishment of a foundation for peaceful unification. <mask>'s inauguration ceremony was the largest one in South Korean history with 70,000 participants. Diplomatic representatives in Korea, as well as high-level delegates specially sent from 24 countries around the world including Thai Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra, U.S. National Security Advisor Thomas Donilon, Taiwanese Legislative Speaker Wang Jin-pyng, and former Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda, also participated in the event to congratulate <mask>. First year (February 2013 – February 2014)

Administrative philosophy
The goal of the newly launched Park Geun-hye Administration for governing state affairs was to open "a new era of hope and happiness for all the people". <mask> avowed that South Korea would break away from its long-pursued development model that centered around the nation, and shift the focus of government administration from the state to individual citizens. Through this process the structure of co-prosperity would be created, in which citizens became happy and national development occurred as a result. <mask>'s administrative vision and basic principles for governing the nation were concretely outlined in her policy plans for the economy, society, welfare, diplomacy, and unification.The administration's keywords in managing state affairs were "people", "happiness", "trust", "co-prosperity" and "principle". Government restructuring
Right after taking office, <mask> restructured the Blue House and government organization to carry out her administrative vision. The Office of National Security at the Blue House, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, and Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries were newly launched, and the seat of Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs was

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 revived. The Chief of the National Security Office would act as a "control tower" for diplomatic, security, and national defense issues, and the Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs for economic, social, and welfare issues. Foreign policy

United States

After taking office, <mask> met with John Kerry and U.S. President Barack Obama. <mask>'s trip to the United States in May 2013 was her first foreign trip after taking office. Like many of her predecessors, <mask> maintained a close relationship with the U.S., which has over 20,000 soldiers stationed in South Korea.During her visit to the U.S., she addressed a joint session of the U.S. Congress, where she called for a united front against any North Korean provocations. <mask> also called for a strong global relationship between South Korea and the United States. <mask> assessed the security situation on the Korean Peninsula and emphasized that deterrence capabilities were the most important factor for security. Thus, <mask> considered the American–South Korean alliance as the most successful one in the world. She hoped the American–South Korean relationship can be upgraded from a comprehensive strategic alliance to a global partnership. <mask> visited the United States on her first overseas trip as president. She traveled to Washington, D.C., New York City, and Los Angeles on 5–9 May 2013.During summit talks in May at the White House, Presidents <mask> and Obama adopted a joint declaration for the American-South Korean alliance and discussed ways to further develop the bilateral relations in a future-forward manner. Also, two leaders discussed ways to promote cooperation in building peace in the Northeast Asian region and strength the partnership between Seoul and Washington. The two leaders of South Korea

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 and the United States agreed to adopt a joint statement on comprehensive energy cooperation to build a foundation for a future growth engine and establish a policy cooperation committee on information and communication technology. In addition, <mask> urged her U.S. counterpart to expand the annual U.S. visa quota for South Korean professionals in order to promote co-development of both economies. In particular, the "Joint declaration in commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the Alliance between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America" adopted by South Korea and the United States will become a meaningful document looking back at the past six decades of the alliance and spelling out a new direction for the development of bilateral relations over the coming decade. North Korea
North Korea had engaged in provocations such as violating a UN Security Council resolution and firing a long-range missile on 12 December 2012, just before 19 December presidential election. After <mask> was elected, North Korea conducted its third nuclear test 12 February 2013, nullified the non-aggression agreements between the two countries on 8 March and withdrew North Korean workers from the Kaesong Industrial Complex on 8 April.<mask> maintained her stance that South Korea will not succumb to the North's provocations and threats, and will endeavor to elicit policy coordination towards North Korea with major powers such as the United States, China and the UN. Her response to North Korean issues gained the support of many South Koreans and also the United States, China, and Russia, and played a significant role in the unanimous adoption by the UN Security Council of Resolution 2094 regarding North Korea on 7 March 2013. Due to <mask>'s response and the international

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texts: community's actions, on 6 June North Korea ceased provocations and threats towards the South and suggested holding discussions on reopening the Kaesong Industrial Complex. <mask> said that peace and unification on the Korean peninsula is the wish of all 70 million Koreans and that as president she will do her utmost to meet such a goal. As well, "the ultimate objective of reunification efforts is to improve the quality of life of people in both Koreas, to further expand freedom and human rights, and [from there] build a prosperous Korean Peninsula." She later stated, "to open a new era of peace and hope on the peninsula, North Korea needs to accept her administration's trust-building policy initiative". <mask>'s policy vision and initiative on issues concerning North Korea and unification are reflected in her Korean Peninsula Trust-building Process.The Ministry of Unification has announced a new vision statement "realizing a new unified Korea that ensures everyone's happiness". The administrative tasks for this cause include normalizing inter-Korean relations through a trust-building process, embarking on small-scale unification projects that will lead to a complete integration of the two Koreas, and taking practical measures to prepare for unification by strengthening unification capabilities. According to <mask>, peaceful unification will be achieved in a three-stage unification initiative: starting from securing peace, going through economic integration, and finally reaching political integration. To achieve sustainable peace by the initiative, the new administration will offer humanitarian assistance for the people in North Korea, inter-Korean exchange and cooperation in economic, social, and cultural areas, and will apply 'Vision Korea project' for

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 establishing a single economic community in the Korean Peninsula, conditioned on sufficient mutual trust and progress in denuclearizing North Korea. China

On 27–30 June 2013, <mask> visited China with a South Korean delegation, where she met with Xi Jinping, the Chinese president. During the meetings, <mask> explained the government's stance on North Korea and gained his support. Russia
On 13 November 2013, <mask> held an extended meeting with President Vladimir Putin, whose visit to South Korea was the first among leaders of four major powers including the United States, China, and Japan.During the meeting, <mask> and Putin had a comprehensive and productive dialogue with a focus on improving economic relations such as logistics cooperation projects (through Russia and North Korea), expanding people-to-people exchanges, and strengthening political ties between South Korea and Russia. <mask>, especially, emphasized on making preparations to produce an outcome that corresponds to common interests by combining Korea's Eurasian Initiative and Russia's Asia-Pacific Policy. After the summit, both presidents issued a joint communique and held a joint press conference. Earlier, <mask> attended the G-20 Summit in September 2013 at St. Petersburg, where she met Putin for a separate dialogue discussing economic cooperation and seeking support on North Korean issues. It marked the first Korea–Russia summit talk since <mask>'s inauguration. When <mask> met with Russian Minister for the Development of Russian Far East Viktor Ishaev, who headed the Russian delegation to <mask>'s inaugural ceremony, she stated that Russia is one of Korea's key strategic partners, and the successful launch of the Naro rocket is the outcome of mutually beneficial relations and demonstrates that


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 relations will grow stronger in the future. She also noted that Russia's active participation in the six-party talks will contribute to alleviating tension on the Korean Peninsula.Economic policy

<mask> announced her plan to build a "Creative Economy" on 5 June 2013, representing her vision for economic revival and job creation. In April, <mask> said "Timing is very important for our economic policy, jobs and livelihood mainly ordinary people should organize a supplementary budget in a timely manner." On 8 April 2014, <mask> signed the Australia–Korea Free Trade Agreement with Australia's Prime Minister Tony Abbott. Social policy
<mask> proposed the eradication of "Four Major Social Evils" (사 대회악:
"sa dae hwe ak") – sexual violence, domestic violence, school violence, and unsafe food. Statistics show that sexual violence and domestic violence are increasing in these years. Without referring to statistical data, aggravating school violence or food safety is a public concern in South Korea. She also launched the National Unity Committee on 17 June with the purpose to advise the president in the process of resolving various conflicts in South Korean society and establishing a culture of co-existence and co-prosperity.Former Democratic United Party Advisor Han Kwang -ok was named as the head. National
On 18 May 2013, <mask> attended the 33rd anniversary of the Gwangju massacre, and expressed sorrow for the victims' family members. Second year (February 2014 – February 2015)

Foreign policy

North Korea
<mask> proposed three steps to North Korea to help move toward the reunification of the Korean Peninsula, on 28 March in Dresden during her state visit to Germany. She stated that "Starting with jointly managing rivers and forests running through the two Koreas, we


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 need to expand joint projects that benefit both sides. In that respect, I hope North Korea will attend the UN Convention on Biological Diversity conference to be held in South Korean city of Pyeongchang in October." In May 2014, <mask> warned that a new nuclear test by North Korea could lead to "a nuclear domino effect", that might provide its neighbors with a pretext to arm themselves with nuclear weapons. Government restructuring
On 18 May 2014, <mask> announced South Korea's "plans to break up its coastguard" after failing to respond well during the MV Sewol ferry disaster.According to <mask>, "investigation and information roles would be transferred to the South Korea National Police while the rescue and salvage operation and ocean security roles would be transferred to the Department for National Safety, not to be confused with the Korean Ministry of Security and Public Administration, which will be newly established". On 19 November 2014, the Korea Coast Guard and National Emergency Management Agency ceased control as the Ministry of Public Safety and Security was founded at the same day. Third year (February 2015 – February 2016)

Foreign policy

China
On 26 May 2015, <mask> urged the head of the Asian Development Bank to cooperate with South Korea and the China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank after South Korea had officially applied to join the Chinese-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank in late March 2015. Fourth and final year (February 2016 – March 2017)

Foreign policy

Iran

On 1 May 2016, <mask> became the first South Korean president to visit Iran. She was at the head of a 236-member delegation of businessmen and entrepreneurs during a three-day visit to Tehran to discuss bilateral trade and other matters of mutual interest. She met


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 Iranian President Hassan Rouhani and held talks with Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. The two countries also signed 19 basic agreements to expand mutual cooperation over a variety of areas.Earlier, Iran's President Rouhani emphasized that Iran and South Korea are set to boost their trade volume from the current $6 billion to $18 billion. 2016 general elections
<mask> suffered a serious setback in the 2016 general elections on 13 April 2016, as the Saenuri Party lost both its majority and its status as first party in the National Assembly. <mask> had been criticized for her involvement in the elections and the party's nomination process, and other Saenuri members blamed the pro-<mask> faction in the party for the defeat. <mask> loyalists fared badly in constituency elections. The result was seen to hinder the chances of <mask>'s passing her proposed economic reforms, and in the aftermath of the results the conservative The Chosun Ilbo stated that <mask>'s "lame duck period has started earlier than any other administration in the past". Approval ratings

In July 2013, public support for <mask>'s method of governing state affairs reached up to 63 percent, higher than the percentage of the votes she had won in the presidential election, which was 52 percent. The Korean media suggested that such a high level of support came from <mask>'s principled North Korea policy, constructive outcomes from visits to the United States and China, and distancing from internal political disputes.By January 2015, <mask>'s approval rating had fallen to 30 percent, partly due to the sinking of MV Sewol and disputes with North Korea. By September 2015, <mask>'s approval had increased to 54 percent due to her diplomacy that defused a military standoff with North Korea, but in the aftermath of

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 her party's 2016 election loss, her ratings fell to 31.5 percent, plunging 8.1 percentage points compared to the week before the election. On 4 November 2016, <mask>'s ratings fell to 4–5% as details of her relationship with Choi Soon-sil were investigated and exposed in what became the 2016 South Korean political scandal. Arrest, detention, and pardon
<mask> was arrested on 31 March 2017, and held in pre-trial detention at the Seoul Detention Center in Uiwang, Gyeonggi Province. On 17 April 2017, <mask> was formally charged with abuse of power, bribery, coercion and leaking government secrets. <mask> denied the charges during five rounds of interrogation while in prison. Trial
Prosecutors sought a 30-year prison term for <mask>, along with a fine of ₩188.5 billion ().On 6 April 2018, a three-judge panel of the Central District Court in Seoul sentenced <mask> to 24 years in prison and a fine of ₩18 billion (), finding her guilty of 16 out of 18 charges brought before her. In June 2018, three former NIS directors (Lee Byung-kee, Lee Byung-ho, and Nam Jae-joon) who served in the <mask> administration were found guilty of bribing, related to the 2016 <mask>n-hye scandals. They illegally transferred money from the NIS budget to <mask>'s presidential office. This illegally obtained money was used by <mask> and her associates for private use and to pay bribes. On 24 August 2018, <mask>'s sentence was increased to 25 years in prison. Retrial and reduced sentence
In July 2020, an appellate court slashed <mask>'s prison sentence to 20 years after a retrial, taking into account that she "received little personal benefit" from her offences, and <mask> was also cleared of charges of alleged extortion from conglomerates paying donations to foundations of Choi Soon-sil. In

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 January 2021, South Korea's top court upheld the 20-year prison sentence, bringing an end to the legal process.Pardon and release from prison
On 24 December 2021, it was announced that <mask> would receive a pardon from South Korean President Moon Jae-in. In his pardon, President Moon cited <mask>'s deteriorating health and the needs to “overcome unfortunate past history and promote national unity” as reasons for the pardon. On 31 December she was released from prison. Controversies

Parentage controversy
<mask> had been often criticized for being the "daughter of a dictator" (<mask>-hee) and for not actively supporting the Lee administration by supporters of Lee Myung-bak. A national-level poll conducted in July 2012 by a conservative newspaper reported that 59% of participants responded they did not believe <mask> was a "daughter of a dictator" while 36% agreed with the characterization. <mask>-Hee's status as a dictator became a contested topic after the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. GNP party elites saw this as their chance to revitalize <mask>-Hee's image, focusing on South Korea's economic growth during his administration, thus steadily changing his public perception.During a 2012 interview with the Cheongju broadcast station CJB, <mask> commented regarding her stance that her father's May 16 coup was a "revolution to save the country" by stating, "I don't think it's the place of politicians to be fighting over whether [the events of 1961] were a 'coup d'etat' or a 'revolution'." In a July 2012 survey, 50% of respondents answered that they disagreed with <mask>'s assessment that her father's 1961 coup was "unavoidable, the best possible choice, and an advisable decision", as opposed to 37% that agreed. From another survey conducted in July 2012, 42% of

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 respondents agreed with her opinion that her father's 1961 coup was "unavoidable", while 46% disagreed. Because <mask> inherited strong regional and generational support from her father, as well as the legacy of his economic success, <mask>'s opponents used her father as criticism against her. Bu-il foundation accusations
<mask> has faced much scrutiny over an educational foundation, Jeongsoo Scholarship Foundation, formerly known as Buil (in reference to the stock it controls in the newspaper "Busan Ilbo"), which her father, and later she, headed. Its original owners claimed in court they were forced to turn it over to her father. Party criticism
Liberty Korea Party assemblyman Nam Kyung-pil criticized the Park-centered nature of the party, regarding its preparation for the 2012 presidential election, and stated, "If we keep seeing the same situation where <mask>n-hye gives a press conference before a general meeting of lawmakers is held, and what she says then gets decided on as the party's position, then the public is going to think democracy has disappeared from the party."Furthermore, some have said <mask>'s behavior in the lead-up to 2012 presidential election was a mixture of trend-following and corner-cutting—a stark contrast with the vehement insistence on the principle that she showed when she opposed a revision of the plan for a multifunctional administrative city in Sejong City. For instance, Yim Tae-hee, another presidential candidate of the party, pointed to <mask>'s voting down of a motion to arrest Chung Doo-un, a lawmaker implicated with bribery related to saving banks. Another candidate, Ahn Sang-soo, accused <mask> of "saying one thing yesterday and another today". Spokesman scandal

<mask> fired Yoon Chang-jung, a Blue House spokesman who was

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 alleged by Washington police to have committed sexual assault against a young woman hired as an intern at the South Korean Embassy in Washington during <mask>'s first visit to the United States. <mask> has been criticized for picking the wrong people for senior government posts. Election-meddling scandal

Just a week before the presidential election date, the opposing party alleged that the public servants from National Intelligence Service (NIS) have organized to promote <mask>'s election campaign by way of posting online articles favorable to <mask> and slanderous to the opposing candidates. This political behavior by public servants is strictly prohibited by Korean Constitution.To prove their allegation, the opposing Democratic Party, along with the police and Central Election Assistance Commission, swooped in the house where the alleged agent of NIS has resided. From there, the 29-year-old female agent, later known as Ha-Young Kim, who was running an illegal online election campaign operation such as spreading slanderous postings about the opposing candidate had locked herself in. The police could not force to enter the house and the standoff lasted for three days, provoking a tense political standoff. The opposition accused the intelligence service of blocking an investigation. <mask> and her party accused the opposition of harassing the woman. <mask> even said the standoff of the self-lock-in was a violation of a female right in the presidential candidate debate that took place three days before the election. Later that night of the presidential debate, Kim Yong-pan, then the chief of Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency, publicly announced there was no evidence of illegal online postings from the collected laptop of the female agent.This announcement, which


texts: took place three days before the election, was believed to have significantly affected the outcome of the presidential election according to the opposing party. After months of probes into the alleged election meddling, the prosecution concluded in mid-June 2013 that Won Sei-hoon, then NIS chief who headed the intelligence agency for around four years under former President Lee Myung-bak, ordered agents to conduct an online smear campaign against opposition presidential candidates. The special investigation drew a conclusion that the agents systemically intervened in domestic politics by writing thousands of postings on politics in cyberspace through hundreds of different user IDs. Kim Yong-pan, then chief of the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency (SMPA), was prosecuted without physical detention on charges of abusing his authority to hamper police investigation into the case. CCTV conversation between the computer analysts who were analyzing the laptop at police revealed that the police already knew there were illegal online postings against the opposing party's candidates, but the chief of SMPA publicly announced otherwise, an announcement that indicates intentional meddling into the presidential election. The investigation and the trial at court are on-going, and <mask> faces a political blow. However, the leading Saenuri party along with government leaders has attempted to dodge its political fall-out.Their effort has involved tipping a rumor to a major conservative media, Chosun Ilbo, about an extramarital child of the Chae Dong-wook, former Prosecutor General, who has approved the prosecution of Won Se-hoon and Kim Yong-pan, which eventually led to his resignation. Yoon Suk-ryul, the director of the special investigation team, which was leading the probe into


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 the election meddling, was fired and returned to his original position, head of Yeoju branch Supreme Prosecutors Office. The investigation of his team has further revealed that the NIS is suspected of having posted 55,689 messages on Twitter for three months until the presidential election. Whether or not the election meddling of the NIS by way of online posts has actually affected the outcome of the presidential election is controversial. However, the false announcement by Kim Yong-pan, then chief of the SMPA, has appeared to do so. Had the police announced honestly, 14% of the electorate who voted for <mask> said they would have voted for Moon Jae-In, the first runner-up of the election. Lack of communication
<mask> has been criticized for holding press conferences with questions and answers submitted in advance.By 11 January 2015, she had held four press conferences since taking office in February 2013. Among the four press conferences, three of them were public speeches without questions and answers. Even in the remaining press conference, the questions were submitted in advance and she read prepared answers. Her opponents labeled her as "No communication" (불통, Bultong). November 2015 protests
On 15 November 2015, around 80,000 anti-government protesters clashed with government forces on the streets of Seoul, demanding that <mask> step down, with many of the protesters chanting "<mask>n-hye, step down". The rally was triggered by <mask>'s adopting business-friendly labour policies and a decision to require middle and high schools to use only state-issued history textbooks in classes starting in 2017, combined with plans to make labour markets more flexible by giving employers more leeway in dismissing workers. Security forces fired tear gas and sprayed water

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 cannons into the crowd when protesters attempted to break through police barricades.Censorship
In the wake of the April 2014 capsizing of the Sewol ferry, public outcry arose over the government's handling of the situation. In response, the <mask> administration established a commission to monitor and prosecute social media critics of <mask>. Tatsuya Kato, Japanese journalist who was a Seoul Bureau chief of South Korea at Sankei Shimbun was indicted on charges of defamation for reporting the relationship between <mask> and Choi Soon-sil's husband, Chung Yoon-hoi,  by the Supreme Prosecutors' Office of the Republic of Korea after the MV Sewol sank. Public Official Election Act
On 25 June 2015, <mask> said that "Betrayal which breaks the trust shouldn't be accepted in politics and this should be punished by election with people's own hands". This mention was aimed to Yu Seungmin who was a member of Saenuri Party. Her statement was criticized by professor Jo Guk and politician Moon Jae-in because it was intended to affect Yu's election, which is forbidden by the Public Official Election Act. However, the National Election Commission decided not to treat <mask>'s mention as a violation of the Act.Comfort Women agreement
In 2015, <mask> reached an agreement with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe regarding the Comfort women issue. Japan apologized to former comfort women and provided 1 billion yen ($8.8 million) towards an assistance fund as terms of the agreement. The two governments agreed that the issue would be “irreversibly resolved”. However, in 2017, <mask>'s successor, President Moon Jae-in, stated that the deal was seriously flawed and unilaterally terminated it. Choi Soon-sil scandal and impeachment

In late October 2016, investigations into <mask>'s


texts: relationship with Choi Soon-sil, daughter of the late Church of Eternal Life cult leader and <mask>'s mentor Choi Tae-min, began. Several news media including JTBC and the Hankyoreh reported that Choi, who has no official government position, had access to confidential documents and information for the president, and acted as a close confidant for the president. Choi and <mask>'s senior staff including both Ahn Jong-bum and Jeong Ho-sung used their influence to extort ₩77.4 billion (approximately $75 million) from Korean chaebols—family-owned large business conglomerates—and set up two culture and sports-related foundations, Mir and K-sports foundations.Choi is also accused of having influenced Ewha Womans University to change their admission criteria in order for her daughter Chung Yoo-ra to be given a place there. Ahn Jong-bum and Jeong Ho-sung, top presidential aides, were arrested for abuse of power and helping Choi; they denied wrongdoing and claimed that they were simply following President <mask>'s orders. On 25 October 2016, <mask> publicly acknowledged her close ties with Choi. On 28 October, <mask> dismissed key members of her top office staff while her approval ratings fell to 4%. Her approval rating ranged from 1 to 3% for Korean citizens under 60 years of age, while it remained higher, at 13%, for the over-60 age group. It was the worst ever approval rate in Korean history and is worse than the 6% approval rating of former President Kim Young-sam, who was widely blamed for forcing the Korean economy into the 1997 Asian financial crisis. The controversy led to mass protests and rallies in October and November 2016 calling for her resignation.On 12 November, more than 1 million citizens participated in the protests at Gwanghwamun Square close to the


texts: presidential residence demanding <mask>'s resignation or impeachment. On 19 November, another 1 million people participated in the national protest after <mask> refused to help in the investigation. <mask> then fired a number of her cabinet members and the prime minister. In particular, the sacking of the prime minister, Hwang Kyo-ahn, resulted in controversy, due to the claim that his firing was carried out via a text message. The Supreme Prosecutors' Office of Korea (SPO), in laying charges against Choi and two former presidential aides, alleged that <mask> colluded with the three in certain criminal activities. The president would be questioned by prosecutors, the first time this has occurred with a serving South Korean president. Following the scandal, there was a series of massive demonstrations that started in the first week of November 2016.On 29 November 2016, <mask> offered to resign as president, and invited the National Assembly to arrange a transfer of power. The opposition parties rejected the offer, accusing <mask> of attempting to avoid the process of impeachment. The National Assembly instead filed a motion for impeachment, which was put to a vote on 9 December 2016 and passed with 234 supporters. Due to the ratification of her impeachment proposal, her presidential powers and duties were suspended, and Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn assumed those powers and duties as acting president. <mask> was finally ousted from office by the Constitutional Court on 10 March 2017. The decision was unanimous, 8–0 in favour of the impeachment, as announced shortly thereafter. On 26 March 2017, South Korean prosecutors announced they were seeking an arrest warrant against <mask>.This warrant was granted by the Seoul Central District Court on 31 March 2017 and <mask>


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<mask> (; 24 August 1833 - 10 August 1883) was an Argentine sailor whose actions in southern Argentina consolidated national sovereignty at a time when these lands were virtually uninhabited and were not protected by the state. His biographers consider him one of the most important heroes of Patagonia. Piedrabuena reached the naval rank of Naval Lieutenant Colonel, equivalent to Commander. Today he is commonly called <mask>. Childhood

<mask> was born in the port of Carmen de Patagones, Buenos Aires Province, on 24 August 1833. He was born in a large colonial house with large bricks, window grilles and a Spanish-style tile roof. It was located at the foot of the ravine that was crowned by a fort in those days, and today by the parish church.From a very early age he was attracted by the sea. His childhood relationship with three seamen helped him to follow a life at sea. The first was Captain Lemon, an American whaler who sailed, while very young, between Patagones and Buenos Aires. The second was an old friend of his father, the captain and former privateer James Harris who put <mask> up at his home in Buenos Aires, where he enrolled in a primary school and later attend a high school specializing in nautical subjects. Returning to Patagones, five years later, he continued to pilot boats and managed to build his own cutter. In 1847 another American whaler, John E. Davison, touched at Patagones. He was under Captain W. Smiley, who was leading an expedition in the South Atlantic.<mask>'s father entrusted him at the age of 15 to this sailor for seafaring instruction. He sailed with the whaler from Patagones on 23 July 1847, heading for the Antarctic. On that voyage he reached the latitude of 68° South, so Piedrabuena can be considered the first Argentine to have entered the Antarctic. The

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 hardship of ocean voyaging in the cold and rough seas prepared him for the large enterprises in which he would participate in the future. Chronology of his life at sea

Piedrabuena accompanied Captain W. Smiley's whaling and sealing expedition in 1848, picking up knowledge of sealing,
and learning the geography of the straits and how to navigate in them. In 1848, with his own schooner, Piedrabuena touched at the Falkland Islands to load groceries and then continued to Cape Horn, reaching the Antarctic continent whaling grounds, and then returned to his hometown Carmen de Patagones. In 1849 Piedrabuena sailed from the port  of Montevideo to Tierra del Fuego as an officer to supply the English missionaries.Offshore from Isla de los Estados (Staten Island) he rescued fourteen shipwrecked sailors. Piedrabuena displayed characteristic solidarity and courage as a seaman in the rescue. In 1850 he was first officer of the schooner "Zerabia", taking sheep and cattle to the Falkland Islands. He reached Antarctica again. He explored the Fuegian channels where he met Tehuelche people, in whom he tried to instill a sense of the Fatherland. In 1854 Piedrabuena again helped 24 sailors shipwrecked by a storm. In 1855, in command of the schooner "Manuelita" provided by Smiley, in Punta Ninfas he rescued the crew of the American whaling boat "Dolphin" from death.In 1859 he explored the Santa Cruz River and reached an island that he called Isla Pavón, where he was assigned by the government to install a trading post. He also set up a  post in Puerto Cook, Isla de los Estados, offshore from Tierra del Fuego. In 1860 he armed his own ship, the schooner "Nancy", to defend the territory and the southern coasts of Patagonia, while still saving lives. In 1862 he established a small shelter, San Juan de Salvamento,


texts: on the Isla de los Estados, as a refuge for shipwrecked sailors and to establish Argentine sovereignty. In 1863 he arrived in the Bay of San Gregorio in the Strait of Magellan, and befriended chief Biguá. He took him to Buenos Aires and got the authorities to designate him "Chief of San Gregorio". On 2 December 1864 the National Government gave him the title of "unpaid honorary captain" to defend Argentine sovereignty in Patagonia.Over the years Piedrabuena continued his work, sometimes abandoning his business to help castaways, and teaching the Aboriginals that they are children of Argentina whose sovereignty they must defend. He made many voyages on the coasts of Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego and Falklands. In 1868 the government awarded the first grants of land in the South, giving Pavón and Los Estados Islands to Piedrabuena. That year he married Julia Dufour, who was to accompany him on several of his voyages. In 1873 a 650-ton Chilean corvette, the Abtao, arrived at the tiny settlement on Pavón and tried to intimidate the settlers into leaving. Piedrabuena refused to yield. In March 1873, traveling with the schooner "Spore" to Isla de los Estados he was surprised by a terrible storm that drove the ship onto the rocks and wrecked it.From the remains of the ship with much difficulty he built the small cutter "Luisito", sailing it to Punta Arenas. From here he returned to Staten Island, saving the shipwrecked vessels "Eagle" and "Dr. Hanson". Germany recognized the act of courage and sent a magnificent telescope to Piedrabuena in a case whose plaque read: "We, William, by the Grace of God Emperor of Germany and King of Prussia: We consider this case a memento of gratitude to Captain D<mask> Piedrabuena of the Argentine ship "Luisito", for services rendered in the rescue of the crew of Dr.


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 Hanson wrecked in October 1874." On 17 April 1878 the government gives him the title of sergeant with the rank of lieutenant colonel. In 1882, he participated with the "Cape Horn" in the scientific expedition to southern Patagonia of the Italian sailor Giacomo Bove. The journey lasted eight months, and used the isla de los Estados, which the government had granted to Piedrabuena, as the main observation center. On 8 November 1882 Julio Argentino Roca, President of Argentine, gave him the effective rank of lieutenant colonel in the Navy.Personal life

On 2 August 1868 he married Julia Dufour, who accompanied him on several of his voyages. She was the daughter of a Frenchman who served in the Rio de la Plata. That same year, in October, they both departed on a long voyage to the Patagonian seas, during which they visited Isla de los Estados where they landed in the shelter that the Commander had built in 1862 for those who were shipwrecked in those lonely shores. A few days later they arrived at the Pavón island, at the time owned by Piedrabuena. The couple had five children: <mask>, Ana, Maria Celestina and Julia Elvira and another son also named <mask>, born after the death of his brother of the same name and of Julia Elvira. Julia Dufour died on 6 August 1878 in Buenos Aires, while her husband was at sea. She had helped him and shared his ideals, and was the first white woman to land in Santa Cruz Province.The settlement of Julia Dufour in Santa Cruz province is named in her honor. Commander <mask> died on 10 August 1883 at 2045 hours in 50 Tucumán Street in Buenos Aires. According to Admiral Laurio Destefani "wordless pain hit the men of the Navy: the greatest sailor of all sailors was gone." Bartolomé Mitre writing in La Nación said: "The passion of his life was to guarantee the country's

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 vast territories of southern Argentina ... for a long time it was defended only by his small ship." <mask> is buried in La Recoleta Cemetery in Buenos Aires. The town of Comandante Luis Piedrabuena is named in his honor. An avenue and a housing complex in the impoverished neighborhood of Villa Lugano in the Capital District of Buenos Aires were also named after him.Some of the streets within the housing complex were named after the ships he commanded. As an ambassador 'sui generis' he was given only verbal instructions, and was paid by honors and awards that cost nothing. His name appears in only four official decrees. He wrote several reports submitted to the National Government, and established friendly relations with the tribes of Patagonia, in whom he tried in various ways to instill the feeling of nationality. In many forays into the South Seas he saved hundreds of shipwrecks for which he was the subject of honors and awards by the European Government. The Government of his country prized his meritorious services, awarded him the rank of Captain and later Honorary Lieutenant Colonel of the Navy,
and put him in command of the Corvette "Cabo de Hornos". Ships he commanded

 Goleta Manuelita
 Bergantín Nancy (later renamed Espora)
 Cúter Luisito (named after his second son, who died very young)
 Goleta Santa Cruz
 Goleta Cabo de Hornos

References
Notes

Citations

Sources

"D. <mask>, Su vida y su obra" Publicación N° 10 Edición 1, 1983.Comisión Nacional del Homenaje al Tte Coronel de Marina Don Luis Piedrabuena en en Centenario de su fallecimiento. Ley 22.386. Comité Ejecutivo, Decreto N° 1573/83
Hebe Boyer "Un Marino Inmortal", Departamento de Estudios Históricos Navales, Buenos Aires. 1833 births
1883 deaths
Argentine Navy personnel
People from Buenos Aires Province
Burials at La

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<mask> (born August 22, 1963) is the current radio color analyst  for the Chicago White Sox and also a former center fielder in Major League Baseball who played 12 years for the Chicago Cubs (1985–1989), San Diego Padres (1989–1992), Toronto Blue Jays (1993), New York Mets (1993), Chicago White Sox (1994, 1999), Minnesota Twins (1997) and Milwaukee Brewers (1997–1998). He also played for the Seibu Lions in Japan (1995–1996). Playing career

1981
Selected by the Chicago Cubs in second round of 1981 free agent draft, but would never appear in a game for the team during this stint. 1985
<mask> was 22 years old when he broke into the big leagues. <mask> made his major league debut on June 16, 1985. Spent five games with the Cubs before returning to Pittsfield. 1986
Spent the season with the Chicago Cubs AA affiliate Pittsfield, Massachusetts, and was named to the Eastern League's all-star team.1987
Recalled from Iowa, the Chicago Cubs AAA affiliate, September 4 but underwent surgery September 21 to remove a small tumor from his groin area and missed the rest of the season. Batted .800 (4-for-5) with one double for the Cubs. 1988
Played in 100 games for Chicago but had only 188 at-bats ... Became the third player in Cubs history (joining Dale Long and Carmen Fanzone) to homer in consecutive pinch-hit at-bats, going deep against St. Louis' Ken Dayley Aug. 14 and Cincinnati's Tom Browning Aug. 16 ... Had first two-homer game of his career September 17 against St. Louis. 1989
Spent time at Iowa (AAA) and with the Cubs before being traded to the San Diego

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 Padres Aug. 31 ... Made 23 starts for the Padres. 1990
Darrin split time between San Diego and Class AAA Las Vegas ... Hit the Padres' first pinch-hit homer of the season April 27 against Pittsburgh ... Had his first career four-hit game Oct. 3 against the Los Angeles Dodgers. 1991
Hit a career-high 21 homers in 122 games after entering the season with a career total of 13.Ranked fourth in the NL with one homer every 17 at-bats. Seven of his 11 hits in 19 games June 9-July 12 were homers ... Hit first career grand slam Aug. 25 off Chicago Cubs' Bob Scanlan ... Made his only career pitching appearance with two innings at Houston May 26. In 1991, in a game that the San Diego Padres, Darrin's team at the time, were down 11-4, DJ was put into the game as a relief pitcher. This would mark his only pitching appearance in the MLB. Darrin pitched the last two innings of the game, allowing 3 hits, walking 2 batters, and allowing two earned runs. Darrin had this to say about his pitching performance "We were losing like 11-4 in Houston (6) and my manager, Greg Riddoch, knew I'd been messing around in the bullpen. The pitching part wasn't the most difficult thing.It was after. I could barely move and my butt was killing me from stretching out the glutes and hamstring. It took me five days not to feel sore. I was throwing 86-87 m.p.h. I didn't throw a curveball because I was scared to hit somebody." 1992
Set career highs in games (155), RBI (70), hits (146) and stolen bases (14) ... Tied his career high with four hits in two games, July 7 against St. Louis and