texts:
 lobbying firm that was succeeded in 1985 by <mask>–Cowan. In 2002 <mask> managed the campaign of Alan Blinken, the Democratic nominee for United States Senate in Idaho, until he resigned after being targeted for extortion by a prostitute. In 2010, he made a brief appearance as himself on the Season 8 premiere of TV series 24 in a mock debate with fellow Fox News Analyst Monica Crowley.Fox News
In 2011, <mask> joined Fox News as a co-host of The Five and co-hosted some 708 episodes, until June 2015, when Fox announced that Beckel had left the program. A Fox spokesman said: "We couldn't hold The Five hostage to one man's personal issues." <mask>, whose last appearance on the show was in February 2015, had been absent while recovering from back surgery; he had also drawn controversy in the last episode prior to his dismissal, when he described himself as an "Islamophobe" in response to the Charlie Hebdo shooting. The network issued a statement, saying that Beckel had "entered rehab facility for treatment of an addiction to prescription pain medication." On a Fox News panel in 2011, Beckel called for "illegally shoot[ing]" Julian Assange, the editor of WikiLeaks. On January 16, 2017, <mask> rejoined The Five as co-host. However, he was again fired in May of that same year, amid claims that he had made racially insensitive remarks to a Black employee.CNN
In October 2015, <mask> was hired by CNN to offer commentary on the 2016 election. USA Today
From 2005 until the end of 2015, <mask> was a columnist for USA Today, where he wrote articles with friend and political opposite Cal Thomas in the style of "point–counterpoint." Personal life
In 1992 <mask> married Leland Ingham. They had two children and divorced in 2002. Ingham, who was later known as Leland Keyser after remarriage, became embroiled in the Brett Kavanaugh nomination when she was named by Christine Blasey Ford as a friend who could corroborate her story of Kavanaugh sexually assaulting her when they were in high school. Ingham instead testified in Kavanaugh's favor.

masks: Beckel Beckel Beckel Beckel Beckel Beckel Beckel Beckel


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texts:
 Beckel was a recovering alcoholic.He spoke openly about his past addictions to drugs and alcohol, admitting in July 2011 on The Five: "I'm a recovering addict and cocaine was my drug of choice." In 2007 <mask> said that he was involved in an altercation in a Bethesda, Maryland, grocery store parking lot with a man who took issue with his anti–George W. Bush bumper stickers. In October 2011, Beckel nearly choked to death on a piece of shrimp at a Fox News reception, but was saved by Fox News chief Roger Ailes and The Five co-host Eric Bolling. In early 2015, <mask> was absent from The Five for a number of weeks, which led to speculation that he had been fired, but Fox later announced that his absence was due to "health-related issues." It was later revealed that he had major back surgery on March 26 at a New York–area hospital. Beckel got saved later in life. In late 2015, Beckel published a memoir, I Should Be Dead: My Life Surviving Politics, TV, and Addiction, co-written with John David Mann.Cal Thomas hosted a book-signing party celebrating publication of <mask>'s book, which aired in November 2015 on C-SPAN. <mask> died at his home in Silver Spring, Maryland, on February 20, 2022, at the age of 73. Bibliography

References

External links

Keppler Speakers Bureau: <mask>el
Weekly USA Today Column Common Ground
<mask>el Topics Page – USA Today

1948 births
2022 deaths
21st-century American male writers
21st-century American memoirists
21st-century American non-fiction writers
American broadcast news analysts
American campaign managers
American columnists
American men podcasters
American podcasters
American political commentators
American Protestants
Carter administration personnel
CNN people
Connecticut Democrats
Fox News people
George Washington University faculty
New York (state) Democrats
Peace Corps volunteers
People from Lyme, Connecticut
Politicians from Manhattan
Robert F. Kennedy
United States Department of State officials
USA Today journalists
Wagner College alumni
Wagner Seahawks football players
Writers from

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Beckel
Beckel
Death Beckel
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texts:
<mask> (born 20 March 1950) is an English drummer and percussionist best known as a founding member of the rock supergroups Emerson, Lake & Palmer and Asia. He has toured with his own bands since 2001, including <mask>, the Carl Palmer Band, and currently, <mask>'s ELP Legacy. He previously was a touring drummer for The Crazy World of Arthur Brown and a founding member of Atomic Rooster. <mask> was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1989, and was awarded the Prog God Award at the 2017 Progressive Music Awards. Career

Early groups, Arthur Brown, and Atomic Rooster
<mask> began taking drum lessons as a young boy, travelling to Denman Street, Piccadilly. His first band, formed with others from the Midlands area, was originally known as the King Bees, but changed its name to the Craig. In 1966, the band made its first record, "I Must Be Mad", with flip side "Suspense", produced by Larry Page.At this time, <mask> also did his first session work, playing on the song "Love Light" by the Chants, a group from Liverpool. Later in 1966, he was then invited to join Chris Farlowe and the Thunderbirds. Drachen Theaker was the original drummer for The Crazy World of Arthur Brown, founded by Arthur Brown, and played on the band's eponymous album, including the song "Fire". Theaker abruptly left the band during a U.S. tour in 1969. <mask> was quickly recruited as a replacement and became a permanent band member. Vincent Crane was the keyboard player with the Crazy World of Arthur Brown, and both he and <mask> left that group in the summer of 1969 to strike out musically on their own as Atomic Rooster, a trio formed with vocalist/bassist Nick Graham. <mask> reports that Brown himself had "gone missing on a commune on Long Island" and that this was a deciding factor in forming the new band.There were several personnel changes in the band, and their first album was released in early 1970. Meanwhile, <mask> received a call from Keith Emerson to audition for a new group and left Atomic Rooster in

masks:
Carl Frederick Kendall Palmer
Palmer
Carl Palmer
Palmer
Palmer
Palmer
Carl Palmer
Palmer
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 the summer of 1970. Emerson, Lake & Palmer

Palmer met up with two other young English musicians, Greg Lake and Keith Emerson. Emerson had most recently been a member of the Nice, and Lake was in King Crimson, and both wanted to further expand their musical creativity. After discussions with Jimi Hendrix and Mitch Mitchell about forming a group fell apart, they auditioned several drummers, and felt an "immediate chemistry" with <mask>, and by the summer of 1970 they had formed a band. In naming the new group, the trio chose their last names alphabetically – Emerson, Lake & Palmer, also shortened to ELP. The band has been the most successful of his career, and he remained with ELP until they first disbanded in 1980.The band was nominated at the 14th Annual Grammy Awards for Best New Artist, making them the first progressive rock group to achieve this feat. They developed a sound that merged art rock, jazz, electronica, pop rock and classical music and found fans within their peers and the public alike. <mask> rejoined the newly reformed ELP in 1992 for Black Moon, In the Hot Seat, a box set, as well as several DVDs and the subsequent tours. In 1998, the trio split. A one-off ELP performance at the 2010 High Voltage Festival celebrated the 40th anniversary of forming the band. Following the deaths of Emerson and Lake in 2016, <mask> is the only surviving member of ELP. Asia
Following the first break-up of ELP in 1980, <mask> formed PM with Texas blues rock guitarist John Nitzinger for one album before joining John Wetton and Steve Howe in early 1981, who had been brought together to form a new super-group.They were later joined by Geoff Downes to form Asia. The group was nominated at the 25th Annual Grammy Awards for Best New Artist, making them the second and last progressive rock band to achieve this feat. <mask> became only the second artist to be nominated twice for this award, after David Crosby. <mask> left Asia in 1991 to join the ELP reunion. After several personnel changes the four

masks: Palmer Palmer Palmer Palmer Palmer Palmer


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 founding members of Asia including <mask> reunited in 2006. <mask> has been reunited with the original line-up of Asia since 2006. They celebrated their 25th anniversary, and have since released four new studio albums, Phoenix, in 2008, Omega in 2010, XXX (30) in 2012, and Gravitas in 2014.A live album and DVD from the 2006 reunion tour, entitled Fantasia was released by Eagle Rock Records. Production credits
The jazz trio Back Door toured with ELP circa 1974, and <mask> began to collaborate with them, producing their fourth album, Activate (1976). Two of the members of the group, saxophonist Ron Aspery and bassist Colin Hodgkinson, co-wrote the song "Bullfrog" with <mask>, also playing (uncredited) on the song, which appears on Works Volume 2. Other projects

<mask> played drums on "Mount Teidi" on Five Miles Out (1982) by Mike Oldfield. Another Oldfield track he performed on, "Ready Mix", remained unreleased until 2001. <mask> has performed various drum clinics across Europe and the United States. Highlights of <mask>'s live drum solo over the years have included the use of both gongs and tambourines, and also his ability to extract himself from his T-shirt while playing complex double bass drum patterns; the latter leaving him stripped to the waist to play the final part of his show.The removal of his shirt was a major 'attraction' in <mask>'s drum solos during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. On recent tours, however, his shirt has remained on throughout his performances. <mask> is a patron of the British Classic Rock Society, which promotes progressive rock concerts. <mask> worked with John Wetton in the band Qango. <mask> released the album series Working Live Vol. I, II & III. In 2001, <mask> formed his own band, initially known as <mask> and then the <mask> Band, featuring guitarist Shaun Baxter and bassist Dave Marks.They were replaced by Paul Bielatowicz and Stuart Clayton, and later by Simon Fitzpatrick, performing instrumental versions of ELP songs as <mask>'s ELP Legacy. In 2017,

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 following Emerson and Lake's deaths, the trio embarked on the Emerson, Lake & Palmer Lives On! World Tour. In November 2019, <mask> held the <mask>'s Prog Rock Camp at the 2300 Arena in Philadelphia. In 2019, <mask> performed with Asia and ELP Legacy during The Royal Affair Tour, headlined by Yes. In 2021, <mask> returned to performing following the COVID pandemic to promote the <mask>'s ELP Legacy Tour celebrating ELP's 50th anniversary. In addition to <mask>, the band still features Paul Bielatowicz on guitar and vocals; and Simon Fitzpatrick on bass and Chapman stick.Influences
Having played with a variety of bands, including various anonymous schoolboy bands as a youth, <mask>'s style was developed from a wide range of musical influences. Among <mask>'s early drumming influences were Joe Morello, Philly Joe Jones, Art Blakey, Gene Krupa and Buddy Rich. Inspiration from their techniques can be heard in his own drumming style, which was initially influenced more from jazz than any other genre. Known for his technical prowess, another of <mask>'s trademarks included solos in many of his performances. His later work in Asia saw a more basic approach, although he began to play double bass drums more frequently during that period, and was the eleventh drummer to be inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame. Personal life
<mask> married his first wife, Maureen, in the 1980s. She gave birth to his only child, Carissa, now a lawyer.His spouse since 2004 has been Katie, with whom <mask> resides in both Cyprus and the UK. He became a vegan in the early 2010s. Equipment

Drums
<mask> owns a Ludwig Vistalite drum kit with blue Vistalite shells. Ludwig signature "Venus" snare drum. In 2011, Ludwig released his "Signature Venus snare drum", made of a green-lacquered brass shell with a 3.7" depth and a 14" diameter. Stainless steel drum kit

In 1973, <mask> commissioned British Steel to design a custom stainless steel drum kit using one-half-inch thick shells; the only off-the-shelf equipment were

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texts:
 the hoops manufactured by Gretsch. He also had a jeweller engrave the shells with various animals.The kit, along with other percussion instruments and a rotating platform, had a total weight of approximately 2.5 tons and many of the stages on tour had to be reinforced, with some venues cancelling shows because of it. Also, the kit was electronically designed to be "synthesized" to sound like electronic drums. Paiste Bronze drum kit; <mask> also used a bronze drum kit manufactured by Paiste, which is built from 2002 model cymbal bronze. Korg WaveDrum; <mask> uses a Korg Wavedrum in his drum solo. Cymbals
<mask> has endorsed Paiste since 1971 and currently uses this cymbal setup :
 5" 2002 Cup Chime
 13" Signature Heavy Hi-Hat
 6" 2002 Cup Chime
 18" Signature Power Crash
 20" Signature Heavy Bell Ride
 20" Signature Power Crash
 13" 2002 Sound Edge Hi-Hat
 6" 2002 Bell Chime
 22" 2002 China

Heads
<mask> uses Remo drumheads. Sticks
Pro-Mark produces his signature drumsticks. They are made of American hickory, with a quite short length (15 7/8") and a diameter between a 5A and a 5B (0.579").Other
<mask> also uses timpani, tubular bells and tam-tam as usually used in the symphony orchestra. Other percussion he has used include temple blocks, triangle, church bell, vibraslap, electronic percussion synthesizers and ratchet. Emerson, Lake & Palmer, The Show That Never Ends, A Musical Biography''. (2001) Helter Skelter Publishing . 1950 births
Living people
English rock drummers
ELP members
Asia (band) members
Musicians from Birmingham, West Midlands
English session musicians
British percussionists
Timpanists
Tabla players
Carillonneurs
Conga players
Gong players
Vibraphonists
Tubular bells players
Triangle players
Castanets players
Tambourine players
Maracas players
Bongo players
The Crazy World of Arthur Brown members
Atomic Rooster members
People from Handsworth, West Midlands
Progressive rock drummers
Emerson, Lake & Palmer members
Qango (band) members
3 (1980s band) members
British male

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texts:
<mask> II (; born June 16, 1968) is an American lawyer who served as White House Counsel for U.S. President <mask>, from the day of Trump's inauguration through October 17, 2018, when McGahn resigned. Previously, <mask> served on the Federal Election Commission for over five years. In November 2019, McGahn received a court order to testify before the U.S House of Representatives. In August 2020, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit ruled 7–2 that the House can sue him to comply. Early life and education
<mask> was born on June 16, 1968 and grew up in Atlantic City, New Jersey, the son of Noreen () and <mask>. <mask>. He is a nephew of <mask>, former Democratic New Jersey State Senator and medical director at <mask>'s Resorts International, and Atlantic City attorney <mask>, who had represented Trump's casino interests from 1982 until Trump sued him for alleged overbilling in 1995. <mask> attended Our Lady Star of the Sea School in Atlantic City and Holy Spirit High School in nearby Absecon.He briefly attended the United States Naval Academy before transferring to the University of Notre Dame. At the  University of Notre Dame he received a B.A. degree in history and computer applications. He obtained his J.D. degree from Widener University Commonwealth Law School in 1994 followed by an LL.M. degree from the Georgetown University Law Center in 2002. Career
After graduation from law school, McGahn worked in campaign finance law at the Washington, D.C. office of law firm Patton Boggs.From 1999 to 2008, <mask> was chief counsel for the National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC). George W. Bush nominated <mask> as a Republican-selected member of the Federal Election Commission (FEC) in 2008. He was confirmed on June 24, 2008 by the United States

masks:
Donald Francis McGahn
Donald Trump
McGahn
Don McGahn
Donald F
McGahn
Joseph McGahn
Donald Trump
Patrick McGahn
Don McGahn
McGahn
McGahn


texts:
 Senate and was sworn in shortly thereafter. He is credited as having played a crucial role in loosening regulations on campaign spending. According to documentary footage in the 2018 film Dark Money, <mask>'s brief period as incoming chair of the Commission ushered in a newly partisan rigor to the FEC whereby he and his two fellow Republican members, also new, formed an unprecedented lockstep voting bloc preventing any and all enforcement of FEC regulations. <mask> resigned from the FEC in September 2013. After leaving the FEC, <mask> returned to the law firm Patton Boggs.In 2014 he moved to the law firm of Jones Day in Washington, D.C. He also worked for the Koch affiliated Freedom Partners. <mask> brought five Jones Day lawyers with him to the White House, and six more were appointed to senior posts in the Trump Administration. Jones Day has represented Alfa-Bank and done work for businesses belonging to a long list of Russian oligarchs, including Oleg Deripaska, Viktor Vekselberg, and Alexander Mashkevich. Trump 2016 campaign
<mask> served as <mask>'s campaign counsel during his 2016 campaign for president. McGahn managed all litigation involving <mask>'s 2016 Presidential campaign. Early in 2016, he stopped efforts to keep Trump off of the Republican primary ballot in New Hampshire by going to court and winning to ensure ballot access in a key primary state.Several weeks before the election, lawsuits were filed in four battleground states alleging voter intimidation and seeking to enjoin the Trump campaign from having observers at polling locations. <mask> successfully managed and won these litigations. Trump presidency
Shortly after Trump was elected, he named <mask> General Counsel of the Presidential Transition Team. On November 25, 2016, <mask> was named White House

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McGahn
McGahn
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Donald Trump
Donald Trump
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texts: Counsel for the President-elect's new administration. Since Jones Day has also represented the Trump campaign in its dealings with Robert Mueller, <mask> secured an ethics waiver that allows him to talk to his old firm when its clients have business before the U.S. government. <mask> personally recommended Trump nominate Neil Gorsuch to replace Antonin Scalia and Brett Kavanaugh to replace Anthony Kennedy on the Supreme Court. Gorsuch's first official interview with Trump staff was on January 5, 2017 when <mask> met with him in Trump Tower.Trump and <mask> met with him on January 14, 2017. <mask> called Gorsuch on January 27, 2017 to tell him that he had been selected as the nominee. Gorsuch was sworn in on Monday April 10, 2017. <mask> also recommended the nomination of Labor Secretary Alexander Acosta. Acosta was sworn in on April 28, 2017. <mask> assembled a team of lawyers to oversee filling all judicial vacancies. Guided by <mask>'s team, President Trump had already appointed ten appellate judges by November 11, 2017, the most that early in a presidency since Richard Nixon.According to The New York Times, <mask> conveyed instructions from President Trump to Attorney General Jeff Sessions, requesting Sessions not to recuse himself from overseeing investigations into Russian interference in the 2016 Presidential election. <mask> was unaware that Sessions had already consulted with career attorneys at the Department of Justice. When Sessions informed him he had already decided to recuse himself, <mask> ceased further discussion of the topic. In response to this, Walter Shaub, former director of the United States Office of Government Ethics, said McGahn had "done much to undermine anticorruption mechanisms in this country." Shaub said, "It is a crime for a federal employee to

masks: McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn


texts: participate in a particular matter in which he has a financial interest." In January 2018 The New York Times reported that in June 2017, the president asked <mask> to instruct top Justice Department officials to dismiss special counsel Robert Mueller, and that <mask> refused, instead threatening to resign. The New York Times reported on August 18, 2018 that <mask> had been cooperating extensively with the Special Counsel investigation for several months and that he and his lawyer had become concerned that Trump "had decided to let Mr. <mask> take the fall for decisions that could be construed as obstruction of justice, like the Comey firing, by telling the special counsel that he was only following shoddy legal advice from Mr.McGahn." On August 29, 2018, President Trump announced "<mask> will be leaving his position in the fall, shortly after the confirmation (hopefully) of Judge Brett Kavanaugh to the United States Supreme Court. I have worked with <mask> for a long time and truly appreciate his service!" <mask> formally departed the Trump administration on October 17, 2018. In November 2018 it was reported that in spring 2018, Trump told <mask> that he wanted the Justice Department to prosecute Hillary Clinton and James Comey. <mask> told Trump that he had no authority to order a prosecution and that while he could request an investigation, that too could prompt accusations of abuse of power. <mask> had White House lawyers write a memo to Trump warning that if he asked law enforcement to investigate his rivals, he could face possible impeachment.<mask> returned to Jones Day in March 2019 as the head of the firm's Government Regulation Practice. According to Mueller's final report, <mask> complained to White House chief of staff Reince Priebus that Trump was trying to get him to

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McGahn
McGahn
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Don
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 "do crazy shit." The president responded that <mask> was a "lying bastard." On May 7, 2019, the White House instructed <mask> not to comply with a subpoena issued by the House Judiciary Committee, instructing the Committee to redirect its records requests related to Mueller's investigation to the White House; <mask> is the most cited witness in the Mueller Report. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi referenced the action as an obstruction of justice, stating during an event  at Cornell University, "Trump is goading us to impeach him[.]" A week later, it was reported that Trump's lawyers believed that <mask> told Mueller he did not believe Trump obstructed the investigation and ordered him not to provide any documents he had to the Judiciary Committee. On May 21, 2019, <mask> defied a subpoena to testify before the House Judiciary Committee, at the direction of his former client.On August 7, the House filed a lawsuit with the United States District Court for the District of Columbia in an effort to challenge this precedent-setting move. Congressional subpoena

On November 25, 2019, U.S. District Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson ruled that <mask>, who the Trump administration ordered not to cooperate with the investigation, must cooperate with the investigation and comply with a House of Representatives subpoena to testify. The Justice Department requested a stay pending an appeal of the ruling, but on December 2, Jackson rejected the request, calling the DOJ's assertion that the House Judiciary Committee would not be harmed by a stay "disingenuous." Jackson wrote, "DOJ's argument here that any further delay will not be harmful to the Judiciary Committee because, in essence, DOJ has already harmed the Committee's interests by successfully delaying its access to other materials strikes this Court as

masks: McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn McGahn


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 an unacceptable mischaracterization of the injury at issue." On February 28, 2020, a divided panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit reversed that judgment and ordered the House's lawsuit dismissed. Circuit Judge Thomas B. Griffith, joined by Circuit Judge Karen LeCraft Henderson, determined that the separation of powers under the United States Constitution does not allow Congress to use the Courts to force Executive officials to testify. Judge Henderson wrote a concurrence in which she argued the House simply did not have standing to sue in this instance.Judge Judith W. Rogers wrote a dissent. On appeal from the House, on March 13, 2020, the full Court agreed to reconsider the case. On August 7, the full Court ruled that the House of Representatives could sue to enforce the subpoena, but then, on August 31, the court ruled that the House had never been legally empowered by Congress to sue to enforce subpoenas. Personal life
<mask> is married to <mask>, a lobbyist and former Counselor to Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin. They have two sons. He is a Roman Catholic. <mask> has played guitar for more than 20 years and studied at Berklee College of Music.He plays lead guitar for an act called Scott's New Band. See also
Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections

References

Further reading

 Paperback title: The greatest show on Earth : The deals, the downfall, the reinvention

External links

 Trump Needs a Strong Lawyer: White House Counsel <mask> has been conspicuously absent from Bloomberg Businessweek

  Address and Q&A at Oxford Union, April 2019

|-

|-

1968 births
Living people
20th-century American lawyers
21st-century American lawyers
Federalist Society members
Georgetown University Law Center alumni
Holy

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 Spirit High School (New Jersey) alumni
Jones Day alumni
Members of the Federal Election Commission
New Jersey lawyers
New Jersey Republicans
People from Atlantic City, New Jersey
Trump administration personnel
United States Naval Academy alumni
University of Notre Dame alumni
Widener University alumni
White House Counsels
Catholics from New Jersey
Widener University Commonwealth Law School alumni
George W. Bush administration personnel
Obama administration


texts:
<mask> (born June 10, 1937 in New York City) is an American avant-garde playwright and the founder of the Ontological-Hysteric Theater. Achievements and awards
<mask> has written, directed and designed over fifty of his own plays, both in New York City and abroad. He has received three Obie Awards for Best Play of the Year, and received four other Obies for directing and for sustained achievement. <mask> has received the annual Literature Award from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters, a "Lifetime Achievement in the Theater" award from the National Endowment for the Arts, the PEN American Center Master American Dramatist Award, a MacArthur Fellowship, and in 2004 was elected an officer of the Order of Arts and Letters of France. Archive
<mask>'s archives and work materials have been acquired by the Fales Library at New York University (NYU). Early life and education
<mask> was born in New York City, but spent many of his formative years in Scarsdale, New York. At Scarsdale High School (SHS), from which he graduated in 1955, <mask> was heavily involved in the theater department.Two years after Arthur Miller’s original production premiered on Broadway, <mask> produced and directed The Crucible at Scarsdale High School. A 2018 documentary produced by the Lower East Side Biography Project outlined <mask>'s early motivations for pursuing work in the theater. The documentary maintains that <mask> suffered from extreme shyness as a child. The documentary also reveals that <mask> was adopted — a fact he did not discover until he was in his 30s. The name given to him by his birth mother was Edward L. Friedman. <mask>

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Richard Foreman
Foreman
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 admits that his adoption might have contributed his feelings of being uncomfortable in his body and in the world. He says, "...my parents were very supportive, but nevertheless, I didn't feel that close to them in certain ways."<mask> went on to study at Brown University (B.A. 1959), and received an MFA in Playwriting from Yale School of Drama in 1962. As an undergraduate, he was instrumental in the formation of Production Workshop, Brown University's student theatre group, while taking part in other student theatre, including set-designing Brownbrokers' 1958 production of Down to Earth. In 1993, Brown presented him with an honorary doctorate. At Yale, <mask> studied under John Gassner, the drama critic and former literary manager at The Theatre Guild. Career

Early career and artistic influences
<mask> moved to New York City directly after graduating from Yale School of Drama and worked as a manager of apartment complexes. Before finding his footing as a theater practitioner, <mask> became an avid patron of New York's downtown experimental theater and film scene.<mask> described feeling "overwhelmed" upon seeing The Living Theatre's productions of The Connection and The Brig. Foreman also attended screenings of avant-garde filmmaker Jonas Mekas at The Living Theatre. Mekas' early cinematic work had a profound impact on <mask>. In The Lower East Side Biography Project documentary, <mask> states, "those [films] really got to me. I thought this is the most poetic, beautiful, creative art that I've seen Americans producing." <mask> claims that, for a long time, he was too shy to introduce himself to Judith Malina and Julian Beck

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 (the founders of The Living Theatre) or to Jonas Mekas, but fascinated by Mekas' work, <mask> and his wife, Amy Manheim, began following Mekas as he filmed various projects in New York. <mask> finally inserted himself into the avant-garde scene when police interrupted a screening and seized a copy of the 1963 film, Flaming Creatures, and charged Jonas Mekas, Ken Jacobs, and Florence Karpf for violating New York's obscenity laws.<mask> called Mekas, offering his help, and over the following years, <mask> and Mekas became close friends and collaborators. Through his connection to Jonas Mekas, <mask> became acquainted with architect and artist, George Maciunas. <mask> began working for Mekas and Maciunas, overseeing their movie theater, Film-Maker's Cinematheque at 80 Wooster Street. <mask> also became heavily involved in the development of Maciunas' Fluxhouse Cooperatives, which consisted of converted SoHo lofts designed to be living and working spaces for artists. During the 1960s, <mask> also got to know theater director Robert Wilson, filmmaker and actor Jack Smith, and theater director and scholar <mask>, all of whom encouraged <mask> to start producing his own work. With Schechner, <mask> formed a theater collective in 1968 called "A Bunch of Experimental Theaters of New York Inc," which included seven theater companies: Mabou Mines, The Manhattan Project, Meredith Monk/The House, The Performance Group, The Ridiculous Theatrical Company, Section Ten, and Foreman's company, Ontological-Hysteric Theatre. From this point on, <mask> began producing works under the moniker "Ontological-Hysteric."Influence of Gertrude Stein
A

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texts: number of scholars have called attention to the parallels between the theories of Gertrude Stein and <mask>'s theatrical aesthetics. <mask> himself has spoken about the significance of her writings to his work. In 1969, <mask> declared, "Gertrude Stein obviously was doing all kinds of things we haven't event caught up to yet." Kate Davy analyzes Stein's influence on <mask> in her article, <mask>'s Ontological-Hysteric Theatre: The Influence of Gertrude Stein. The primary connection between the works of Stein and <mask>, she proposes, is the writers' conception of consciousness in writing. Stein preferred "entity writing" over "identity writing." According to Stein's model, "entity writing" is "the 'thing-in-itself' detached from time and association, while identity is the 'thing-in-relation,' time-bound, clinging in association.""Entity writing" is free from any notion of remembering, relationships, or narratives, and it expresses what Stein called the "continuous present." Stein's method of writing is meditative practice that requires the writer's "deliberate detachment of oneself from the external world while documenting one's own consciousness in the act of writing." Therefore, this type of writing is said to reflect the workings of the writer's mind in its presentation. Stein adopted this theory of the "continuous present" to her work as a playwright. She abandoned the theatrical conventions of narrative structure in favor of a theatrical experience that focuses on the real-time consciousness—one in which "the spectator can move 'out' of the composition, or stop, at any moment without creating syncopated emotional time."

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Richard Foreman
Foreman


texts: <mask>'s theatrical experiences invoke Stein's theories in that they both abandon narrative, focusing on the here-and-now, and they seem to include <mask>'s "process of making the play" in the presentation of the play. In his essay, "How I Write My (Self: Plays)," <mask> explains his process of taking text to performance: "The writing tending towards a more receptive, open, passive receiving of 'what wants to be written' and the staging tending towards more active organization of the 'arrived' elements of the writing -- finding ways to make the writing inhabit a constructed environment."Davy notes that like Stein, <mask> tends to avoid "'emotional traps' or the intentional manipulation of an audiences emotional responses by eliminating the 'lifelike' qualities of drama (clearly developing situation involving imaginary people in imaginary places), thereby creating a world into which the spectator has great difficulty projecting himself." Davy gives the example of <mask>'s characters often referring to themselves in the third person, which creates an alienating effect for the audience member who cannot project themself into the experience of the character. Through <mask>'s alienating characterization, the audience is made to look at <mask>'s actors as "self-enclosed units," or theatrical props, rather than characters. Therefore, <mask>'s aesthetics demand that the spectator not escape into the play, but become conscious of their own process of interpretation. In <mask>'s essay, "14 Things I Tell Myself," he elaborates, "Our art then = a learning how to look at 'A' and 'B' and see not them but a relation that cannot be 'seen.' You

masks: Foreman Foreman Foreman Foreman Foreman Foreman Foreman Foreman Foreman


texts:
 can't look at 'it' (that relation) because it IS the looking itself. That's where he looking (you) is, doing the looking."Davy points out that "by eliminating internal punctuation in long complicated sentences," Stein's writing produces a similar effect for her readers who have to actively take part in discerning Stein's words. Ontological-Hysteric Theatre
The Ontological-Hysteric Theater (OHT) was founded by <mask> in 1968. The core of the company's annual programming is <mask>'s theater pieces. <mask> mounted his first production with Ontological-Hysteric Theatre in 1968 at the Film-Maker's Cinematheque on Wooster Street, where he worked under the Fluxus leader George Maciunas. Ontological-Hysteric Theatre balances a primitive and minimal art style with extremely complex and theatrical themes. OHT's first productions, Angelface (1968) and Ida-Eyed (1969), received almost no critical attention. By the mid 1970s, however, OHT gained traction with relatively popular works such as Sophia = (Wisdom) Part 3: The Cliffs (1972).Critical Analysis
In his 1973 essay, "<mask>'s Ontological-Hysteric Theatre," theater critic Michael Kirby aptly breaks down the aesthetics of OHT through the case study of <mask>'s play Sophia = (Wisdom) Part 3: The Cliffs. Kirby uses the elements of setting, picturization, speech, written material, control, movement and dances, sound, objects, relation to film, structure, content, and effect to analyze <mask>'s theatrical vocabulary. Among his observations, Kirby notes that although "Sophia" is a play without a plot, it produces its own kind of structure of "thematic webs of visual and verbal ideas and

masks:
Foreman
Richard Foreman
Foreman
Richard Foreman
Foreman
Foreman


texts:
 references." <mask> achieves this visual structure through "picturization.' By picturization, Kirby means that <mask>'s staging is presented as "sequences of static pictures" in which the actors adjust themselves into tableaux as opposed to moving continuously throughout the play. Kirby also notes that <mask> makes use of written text that is projected on screens on the set. These projected words, Kirby describes, are both direct addresses to the spectator and "expository information".Kirby also writes about how <mask> literally controlled the pace and tempo of every performance of "Sophia." During the performance, <mask> would sit at a table in front of the stage, controlling the projections and sound cues. By acting as stage manager, <mask> was able to insert himself into he performance as it unfolded. Kirby also discusses the role of sound in <mask>'s plays. He writes, "Noise, too, serves as both background and as an explicit part of the action." At times, recordings of lines take over for the actors' actual voice, creating a sense of alienation. Ontological-Hysteric Incubator
The Ontological-Hysteric Theater prides itself on nurturing the talents of young and emerging theater practitioners.According to their website, "the OHT was a starting point for many artists making their mark in New York City and internationally including David Herskovitz, Artistic Director of Target Margin Theater, Damon Keily Artistic Director of American Theater in Chicago, Radiohole, Elevator Repair Service, Pavol Liska, NTUSA, as well as <mask>, Sophie Haviland, Bob Cucuzza, DJ Mendel, Ken Nintzle and Young Jean Lee." In 1993, OHT began their

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Foreman
Foreman
Foreman
Foreman
Foreman
Foreman
Foreman
Richard Maxwell


texts:
 emerging artists program by initiating the Blueprint Series for emerging directors. In 2005, OHT reorganized their emerging artists program under the name INCUBATOR, "creating a series of linked programs to provide young theater artists with resources and support to develop process-oriented, original theatrical productions." The INCUBATOR programs include a residency program, two annual music festivals, a regular concert series, a serial work-in-progress program called Short Form, and roundtables and salons. The program received an OBIE grant in 2010. Collaborations and work outside of the Ontological-Hysteric Theatre
<mask>'s work has been primarily produced by and performed at the Ontological-Hysteric Theater in New York, though he has gained acclaim as director for such productions as Bertolt Brecht's The Threepenny Opera at Lincoln Center and the premiere of Suzan-Lori Parks's Venus at the Public Theater. Stage productions
<mask>'s plays have been co-produced by The New York Shakespeare Festival, La Mama Theatre, The Wooster Group, the Festival d'Autumn in Paris and the Vienna Festival.<mask> has collaborated (as librettist and stage director) with composer Stanley Silverman on eight music theater pieces produced by The Music Theater Group and The New York City Opera. He has also directed and designed many classical productions with major theaters around the world including, The Threepenny Opera, The Golem and plays by Václav Havel, Botho Strauss, and Suzan-Lori Parks for The New York Shakespeare Festival, Die Fledermaus at the Paris Opera, Don Giovanni at the Opera de Lille, Philip Glass's Fall of the House of Usher at the

masks: Foreman Foreman Foreman


texts:
 American Repertory Theater and The Maggio Musicale in Florence, Woyzeck at Hartford Stage Company, Molière's Don Juan at the Guthrie Theater and The New York Shakespeare Festival, Kathy Acker's Birth of the Poet at the Brooklyn Academy of Music and the RO theater in Rotterdam, Gertrude Stein's Doctor Faustus Lights the Lights at the Autumn Festivals in Berlin and Paris. Seven collections of his plays have been published, and books studying his work have been published in English, French, and German. Bridge Project
In 2004, <mask> established The Bridge Project with Sophie Haviland to promote international art exchange between countries around the world through workshops, symposiums, theater productions, visual art, performance and multimedia events. Major Works

Plays

Angelface, New York City (1968)
Ida-Eyed, New York City (1969)
Total Recall, New York City (1970)
HcOhTiEnLa (or) Hotel China, New York City (1971)
Dream Tantras for Western Massachusetts, Lennox, Massachusetts (1971) (music by Stanley Silverman)
Evidence, New York City (1972)
Sophia= (Wisdom) Part 3: The Cliffs, New York City (1972)
Particle Theory, New York City (1973)
Classical Therapy or A Week under the Influence ... , Paris (1973)
Pain(t), New York City (1974)
Vertical Mobility, New York City (1974)
Pandering to the Masses: A Misrepresentation, New York City (1975)
Rhoda in Potatoland (Her Fall-Starts), New York City (1975)
Livre des Splendeurs: Part One, Paris (1976)
Book of Splendors: Part Two (Book of Leaves) Action at a Distance, New York City (1977)
Blvd. de Paris (I've Got the Shakes), New York City (1977)
Madness and Tranquility (My Head Was a


texts:
 Sledgehammer), New York City (1979)
Place + Target, Rome (1980)
Penguin Touquet, New York City (1981)
Café Amérique, Paris (1981)
Egyptology, New York City (1983)
La Robe de Chambre de Georges Bataille, Paris (1983)
Miss Universal Happiness, New York City (1985)
The Cure, New York City (1986)
Film Is Evil: Radio Is Good, New York City (1987)
Symphony of Rats, New York City (1987)
Love and Science, Stockholm (1988)
What Did He See? New York City (1988)
Lava, New York City (1989)
Eddie Goes to Poetry City: Part One, Seattle (1990)
Eddie Goes to Poetry City: Part Two, New York City (1991)
The Mind King, New York City (1992)
Samuel's Major Problems, New York City (1993)
My Head Was A Sledgehammer, New York City (1994)
I've Got the Shakes, New York City (1995)
The Universe, New York City (1995)
Permanent Brain Damage, New York City (1996) (toured to London)
Pearls for Pigs, Hartford, Connecticut (1997) (toured to Montreal, Paris, Rome, Los Angeles, and New York City)
Benita Canova, New York City (1997)
Paradise Hotel (Hotel Fuck), New York City (1998) (toured to Paris, Copenhagen, Salzburg and Berlin)
Bad Boy Nietzsche, New York City (2000 (toured to Brussels, Berlin and Tokyo)
Now That Communism is Dead, My Life Feels Empty, New York City (2001) (toured to Vienna and the Netherlands)
Maria Del Bosco, New York City (2002) (toured to Singapore)
Panic!(How to Be Happy! ), New York City (2003) (toured to Zurich and Vienna)
King Cowboy Rufus Rules the Universe!, New York City (2004)
The Gods Are Pounding My Head! AKA Lumberjack Messiah, New York City (2005)
ZOMBOID! (Film/Performance Project #1), New York City (2006)
WAKE UP MR. SLEEPY!


texts:
 and Other Plays (2005)
Manifestos and Essays (2010)
 Plays with Films (New York: Contra Mundum Press, 2013)
Plays For The Public (Theatre Communications Group, 2019)

Awards and honors
<mask> has won seven Village Voice Obie Awards, including three for "Best Play", and one for Lifetime Achievement. In addition, he has received:

1972 – Guggenheim Fellowship for Playwriting
1974 – Rockefeller Foundation Playwrights Grant
1990 – Ford Foundation play development grant for Eddie Goes to Poetry City
1990 – National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) Distinguished Artist Fellowship for Lifetime Achievement in Theater
1992 – American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters Award in Literature
1992 & 1995 – NEA Playwriting Fellowship
1995-2000 – MacArthur Fellowship
1996 – Edwin Booth Award for Theatrical Achievement
2001 – PEN/Laura Pels Theater Award Master American Playwright Award
2004 – Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters of France

See also

Marina Abramović
Avant-garde
Experimental theatre
The Flea Theater
Fluxus
Happenings
Dick Higgins
Intermedia
Allan Kaprow
Elizabeth LeCompte
Ontological-Hysteric Theater
Performance art
<mask>ner
Speculations: An Essay on the Theater
Mac Wellman
The Wooster Group

References
Notes

External links

Official website
The Fales Library Guide to the <mask> Papers
The Bridge Project
Foreman's EPC author page
More Hysteria Please!A conversation with Josefina Ayerza Lacanian Ink 12
UBU: Strong Medicine stream
<mask> on PennSound
<mask> in the Video Data Bank
Don't Disappear Into A Dream - A Conversation with <mask>
"In Dialogue: Snap Crackle Pop: Dancing in <mask>’s Brain" interview by Tommy Smith,

masks:
Foreman
Richard Schech
Richard Foreman
Richard Foreman
Richard Foreman
Richard Foreman
Richard Foreman


texts:
 The Brooklyn Rail, March 2007. <mask> papers, 1973-1987, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts

1937 births
20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
American opera directors
Brown University alumni
Living people
MacArthur Fellows
Officiers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
Postmodern theatre
Yale School of Drama alumni
People from Scarsdale, New York
Scarsdale High School


texts:
<mask> (November 15, 1954 – May 7, 2010) was an American playwright, poet and scholar of Puerto Rican descent who wrote numerous books and received many literary awards. He was a professor of English and Creative Writing at the University of Toledo in Ohio. His work deals extensively with issues of immigration, Latino culture, and homosexuality. <mask> was openly gay and frequently wrote self-reflexive, autobiographical texts. He was the long-term partner of the American poet Glenn Sheldon. Biography
<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois, to Puerto Rican parents. He began his career as a performance artist in the Chicago art galleries of the 1980s and eventually expanded into poetry, for which he has become best known.<mask> earned his Ph.D. in English and Cultural Studies from the University of Pittsburgh where he wrote his dissertation on issues surrounding the "Chicago Renaissance" that parallel the building of a contemporary Latino literary canon. He served as the co-Vice President of the Board of Directors for the Association of Writers & Writing Programs (AWP) and as the co-Chair for the 2009 Chicago Conference. His last public poetry reading was at SUNY/Brockport on March 31, 2010. His last three words to the public at that reading were: "Live. Then Write." Although it does not appear on the electronic version of the DVD Brockport made, it is quite audible on the YouTube clip immediately following a sampling of a Lady Gaga song which ended his poetry reading. Those three words were words he not only lived by but demanded of his creative writing students.<mask> died in the early morning of May 7, 2010 due to a cerebral hemorrhage. Critical reception
<mask> was included in the Heath Anthology of

masks:
Ramón Arroyo
Arroyo
Ramón Arroyo
Arroyo
Arroyo
Arroyo


texts:
 American Literature published in 2006; this book is commonly taught in English college classes in the U.S. He won the 2004–05 John Ciardi Poetry Prize for The Portable Famine; the 1997 Carl Sandburg Poetry Prize for his book The Singing Shark; and a 1997 Pushcart Prize for the poem "Breathing Lessons" as published in Ploughshares. Other awards include: Stonewall Books Chapbook Prize; The Sonora Review Chapbook Prize, the Hart Crane Memorial Poetry Prize, and a 2007 Ohio Arts Council Excellence Award in Poetry. Betsy A. Sandlin published an article on him ("Poetry Always Demands All My Ghosts: The Haunted and Haunting Poetry of <mask> <mask>") in a landmark issue of CENTRO: Journal of the Center for Puerto Rican Studies on Puerto Rican queer studies. Lawrence La Fountain-Stokes has also written about his work. Works

Books of poetry
Columbus's Orphan.Arcadia, Fl. : JVC books, 1993, . The Singing Shark. Tempe, AZ: Bilingual Press, 1996, . Pale Ramón. Cambridge, Mass. : Zoland Books, 1998, .Home Movies of Narcissus. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2002, . The Portable Famine. Kansas City, Mo. : BkMk Press, 2005, . The Roswell Poems. La Porte, Ind.: WordFarm, 2008, . Same-Sex Séances. New Sins Press, 2008, . The Buried Sea: New & Selected Poems. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2008, . The Sky's Weight. Turning Point Press, 2009, .White as Silver: Poems. West Somerville, MA: Cervená Barva Press, 2010, . Book of short stories
How to Name a Hurricane. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2005, . Performed plays
The Amateur Virgin, Buddha and the Señorita, Tiara Tango, Emily Dickinson in Bandages, A Family in Figleaves, Prayers for a Go-Go Boy, Honeymoon Rehearsals, House with Black Windows (with the

masks: Rane Arroyo


texts:
 poet Glenn Sheldon), Red House On Fire, and Horatio: An Inquisition

Published plays
 Dancing at Funerals: Selected Plays. Tokio and Toronto: ahadada books, 2010, . Buddha and the Señorita, Sex with the Man-in-the-Moon, Spanish Moon, Bed But No Breakfast, Fade to White (with the poets Glenn Sheldon and Diane Williams), Honeymoon Rehearsals, and A Lesson in Writing Love Letters

Awards and honors
 1985	Jane Chambers Playwriting Award.Also in The Latino Encyclopedia
 2007 	Nominated for a Pushcart Prize (by Poems & Plays) for A Lesson in Writing Love Letters, a one-act play
 2007–08   Ohio Arts Council Excellence Award in Poetry/State Grant
 2009  Inducted into the Ohio Center of the Book
 2009  Nominated for the 15th time for a Pushcart Prize by Saranac Review for  The Closet
 2009	Nominated for the 16th time for a Pushcart Prize by Aperture for "
 2009	The International Latino Literary Prize:  Honorable Mention in Poetry:  The Buried Sea: New and Selected Poems

Legacy
In 2012, Seven Kitchens Press announced the creation of the Rane Arroyo Chapbook Prize for an original, unpublished poetry manuscript. The editors for this prize are Eduardo C. Corral and Ron Mohring. The co-winners of the inaugural prize were Steven Alvarez and Rhett Watts. In 2015, <mask> <mask> - Poetry Foundation

1954 births
2010 deaths
Affrilachian Poets
American gay writers
LGBT people from Illinois
American people of Puerto Rican descent
Writers from Chicago
Deaths by intracerebral hemorrhage
University of Pittsburgh alumni
University of Toledo faculty
Chapbook writers
American LGBT poets
LGBT Hispanic and Latino American people
Gay academics
20th-century African-American people
21st-century African-American people
African-American

masks: Arroyone Arroyo


texts:
<mask> (3 December 1898–28 October 1964) was an English author and devotee of Japanese culture. He is most famous for his writings on Zen and on haiku poetry. Early life
<mask> was born in Essex, England, the son of a railway clerk. He was the only child of <mask> and <mask>. He attended Cleveland Road Primary School, in Ilford, then the County High School (later Ilford County High School). In 1916, at the height of World War I, he was imprisoned at Wormwood Scrubs, as a conscientious objector, before working on the Home Office Scheme at Princetown Work Centre in the former and future Dartmoor Prison. After the war he attended the University of London, where he read English and from which he graduated in 1923, with honours.He adopted a vegetarian lifestyle which he maintained throughout his life. Blyth played the flute, made musical instruments, and taught himself several European languages. He was particularly fond of the music of J.S. Bach. In 1924, he received a teaching certificate from London Day Training College. The same year, he married Anna Bercovitch, a university friend. Some accounts say they moved to India, where he taught for a while until he became unhappy with British colonial rule, other scholars dismiss this episode, claiming it to have been invented or misunderstood by Blyth's mentor Daisetz T. Suzuki.Korea (1925–1935)
In 1925, the Blyths moved to Korea (then under Japanese rule), where <mask> became Assistant Professor of English at Keijo University in Seoul. While in Korea, <mask> began to learn

masks:
Reginald Horace Blyth
Blyth
Horace
Henrietta Blyth
Blyth
Blyth


texts:
 Japanese and Chinese, and studied Zen under the master Hanayama Taigi of Myōshin-ji Keijo Betsuin (Seoul). In Korea he started to read D. T. Suzuki's books about Zen. In 1933, he informally adopted a Korean student, paying for his studies in Korea and later at London University. His wife parted from him in 1934 and <mask> took one-year absence from the university in 1935, following her to England. After the divorce, Blyth returned to Korea in early 1936, leaving the adopted son with his ex-wife. The adopted son returned after World War II to Korea.In 1947 he was captured by North Korean soldiers; when he returned to the South, he was shot as a traitor by the South Korean army. Japan (1936–1964)
Having returned to Seoul in 1936, <mask> remarried in 1937, to a Japanese woman named Kijima Tomiko, with whom he later had two daughters, <mask> and Harumi <mask>. 1940 they moved to Kanazawa, D. T. Suzuki's home town, in Japan, and Blyth took a job as English teacher at the Fourth Higher School (later Kanazawa University). When Britain declared war on Japan in December 1941, following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, bringing Japan into World War II, Blyth was interned as a British enemy alien. Although he expressed his sympathy for Japan and sought Japanese citizenship, this was denied. During his internment his extensive library was destroyed in an air raid. In the internment camp in Kobe he finished his first book Zen in English Literature and Oriental Classics and wrote parts of his books about haiku and senryu.He

masks:
Blyth
Blyth
Nana Blyth
Blyth


texts:
 also met in the camp Robert Aitken, later Roshi of the Diamond Sangha in Honolulu. After the war, Blyth worked diligently with the authorities, both Japanese and American, to ease the transition to peace. Blyth functioned as liaison to the Japanese Imperial Household, and his close friend, Harold Gould Henderson, was on General Douglas MacArthur's staff. Together, they helped draft the declaration , by which Emperor Hirohito declared himself to be a human being, and not divine. By 1946, <mask> had become Professor of English at Gakushuin University, and became private tutor to the Crown Prince (later emperor) Akihito until the end of his [Blyth's] life. He did much to popularise Zen philosophy and Japanese poetry (particularly haiku) in the West. In 1954, he was awarded a doctorate in literature from Tokyo University, and, in 1959, he received the  (Order of Merit) Fourth Grade.<mask> died in 1964, probably of a brain tumour and complications from pneumonia, in the Seiroka Hospital in Tokyo. He was buried in the cemetery of the Shokozan Tokei Soji Zenji Temple in Kamakura, next to his old friend, D. T. Suzuki. Blyth's posthumous Buddhist name is Bulaisu Kodo Shoshin Koju. He left the following death poem:

Works
Blyth produced a series of work on Zen, haiku and , and on other forms of Japanese and Asian literature. He wrote six books on haiku (1949–52, 1963–64) and two books on  (1949, 1960), four books on humour in Asian and English literature (1957, 1959(a), 1959(b), 1961), as well as seven books on Zen (1942,

masks: Blyth Blyth


texts:
 1952, 1960–64; posthumous 1966, 1970). Further publications include studies of English literature (1942, 1957, 1959(b)) and a three-fifths shortened version of A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers by his favourite author Henry David Thoreau, along with an introduction and explanatory notes. The most significant of his publications was his four-volume Haiku series (1949–52), his Zen in English Literature and Oriental Classics and his five-volume Zen series.Nearly all of his books were published in Japan, by Hokuseido Press, Tokyo. Blyth and Zen
The actual 5-volume Zen and Zen Classics series is a modification by the publishers, caused by the unexpected death of Blyth, of the originally planned 8-volume project, which included a translation of the  (Piyenchi), a History of Korean Zen and of Japanese Zen (Dogen, Hakuin etc.) and a renewed edition of his 'Buddhist Sermons on Christian Texts' as volume 8; (as a result of the modification the already published volume 7 was reprinted as volume 5). According to D.T. Suzuki, the Zen series should have been "the most complete work on Zen to be presented so far to the English-reading public". The first volume presents a general introduction from the Upanishads to Huineng. Volume two and three presents a history of Zen from the Seigen Branch to Nangaku Branch, and volume five contains 25 essays on Zen.In volume four, Blyth translates the  (Wumenkuan). Blyth's  was the third complete translation into English, but the first one which was accompanied by extensive


texts:
 interpretive commentaries on each case. Blyth's early publication Zen in English Literature and Oriental Classics, published 1942 when he was interned in Japan during World War II, and his Zen and Zen Classics series exerted a significant influence on the Western writers and Zen community, although nearly all of his books were published solely in Japan. To his "Zen-audience" belonged Aldous Huxley, Henry Miller, Lawrence Durrell, J. D. Salinger, Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson as well as Alan Watts, Christmas Humphreys, Robert Aitken, Katsuki Sekida, Donald Richie, Raymond Smullyan, Janwillem van de Wetering ("a Zen priest told me "Blyth talked too much - the man should have been throttled at birth"") and Osho ("about Zen and Zen poetry - haiku - he was one of the most authoritative persons in the world"). Haiku and
In an autobiographical note, Blyth writes: "By a fortunate chance I then came across haiku, or to speak more exactly , the Way of Haiku, which is the purely poetical (non-emotional, non-intellectual, non-moral, non-aesthetic) life in relation to nature. Next, the biggest bit of luck of all, Zen, through the books of Suzuki Daisetz ... Last but not least there appeared , which might well be dignified by the term , the Way of , for it is an understanding of all things by laughing and smiling at them, and this means forgiving all things, ourselves and God included". Blyth wrote six books on haiku and four books on humour and , the genre sister of haiku: "In haiku things speak for themselves with the


texts:
 voice of a man, in  things do not speak; we speak and speak for ourselves".<mask> wrote that in  the world is 'not seen as God made it' but 'as man sees it'; 'to haiku, sex hardly exists; to , it is all pervading ... a great many deal with the subject of the Yoshiwara...'

After early imagist interest in haiku the genre drew less attention in English, until after World War II, with the appearance of a number of influential volumes about Japanese haiku. In 1949, with the publication in Japan of the first volume of Haiku, <mask>'s four-volume work, haiku was introduced to the post-war Western world. His Haiku series (1949–52) was dealing mostly with pre-modern haiku, though included Masaoka Shiki; later followed his two-volume History of Haiku (1963–64). Today he is best known as a major interpreter of haiku and  to English speakers. Many contemporary Western writers of haiku were introduced to the genre through his Zen-based haiku explanations. These include the San Francisco and Beat Generation writers, Gary Snyder, Philip Whalen, Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg, as well as J. D. Salinger ("...particularly haiku, but , too...can be read with special satisfaction when R. H<mask> was on them. Blyth is sometimes perilous, naturally, since he's a highhanded old poem himself, but he's also sublime"), Octavio Paz, E. E. Cummings, and (probably) Luke Rhinehart.Many members of the international "haiku community" also got their first views of haiku from Blyth's books, including American author James W. Hackett (born 1929),

masks:
Blythe
Blyth
. Blyth


texts: Eric Amann, William J. Higginson, Anita Virgil, Jane Reichhold, and Lee Gurga. The French philosopher and semiotician Roland Barthes read 1967 Blyth's four-volume set, using it for lectures and seminars on haiku 1979. Some noted Blyth's distaste for haiku on more modern themes, some his strong bias regarding a direct connection between haiku and Zen, a connection largely ignored by modern Japanese poets. Bashō, in fact, felt that his devotion to haiku prevented him from realising enlightenment; and classic Japanese haiku poets like Chiyo-ni, Buson, and Issa were Pure Land (Jodo) rather than Zen Buddhists. Some also noted that Blyth did not view haiku by Japanese women favourably, that he downplayed their contribution to the genre, especially during the Bashō era. In the chapter 'Women Haiku Writers' Blyth writes: "Haiku for women, like Zen for women, - this subject makes us once more think about what haiku are, and a woman is…Women are said to be intuitive, and as they cannot think, we may hope this is so, but intuition…is not enough… [it] is doubtfull... whether women can write haiku". Although Blyth did not foresee the appearance of original haiku in languages other than Japanese when he began writing on the topic, and although he founded no school of verse, his works stimulated the writing of haiku in English.At the end of the second volume of his History of Haiku, he remarked 1964 that "The latest development in the history of haiku is one which nobody foresaw... the writing of haiku outside Japan, not in the


texts:
 Japanese language." He followed that comment with a number of original verses in English by Hackett with whom Blyth corresponded:

Blyth's Zen

"...and when we say, "What is the meaning of life?" the spiritual life, spontaneously generated up to that moment, is extinguished, the world is a darkness that can be felt. However, the question has been asked; the man is sick, it is too late to recapitulate the laws of health, he needs medicine"
 "What is Zen? Zen is the unsymbolisation of the world and all the things in it"
 'most of the world's trouble are due to grammar'
 "...we objectify things which are no objects, subjectify persons who are not subjects, and suffer the consequences of this"
 "Worry is the great enemy … what is wrong is not the pain and grief suffering, but thinking about ourselves as sufferers"
 "The intellect beats its wings in vain against the bars of [the] intellectual cage"
 "You are going to swat a fly; it comes and sits on the fly-swat itself; what will you do in such a case?" "According to Buddha, the object of life is satori, enlightenment, and this continued and continuous state is Nirvana, but since sin is only the illusion that sin is sin, since enlightenment is illusion and illusion is enlightenment, all this business of salvation and the endeavour to be enlightened is the most blithering nonsense"
 ".. how about all the poor unenlightened chaps, or those who have died five minutes before they became enlightened? No, No!The universe must suffer, in being what it is, and we must suffer


texts:
 with it. The universe has joy … and we must be happy with it. Above all, the universe is a paradox, and we must laugh with and at it." "Suppose a man practises ascetism for ten years and the day before he is going to be enlightened, - he dies! Was it worth it all?... The orthodox will say that he will get enlightenment very soon and easily in the next life, but there's no end to nonsense." "...supposes a fairly long life.and what, for example, is the sense of struggling for enlightenment if the day after we get it (and perhaps the day before) we die? we must get something this moment, in a world in which every next moment may be our last." " [the] history of the development of Mahayana Buddhism, the gradual realisation that without illusion and bondage there can be no enlightenment and release, and the further Zen discovery of the … fact that illusion is, without any change, enlightenment, the ordinary man is, as he is, the Buddha"
 "...the activeness of Zen, compared with the passivity of most forms of Buddhism…"
 "'Raising waves where there is no wind' is a favourite expression in Zen, signifying that there is no problem of life. Things are as they are, and as they are becoming, and once you realise this in its active, not resigned meaning, there is nothing really to worry about"
 "This attitude of life, of willing acceptance of all that comes, or rather, all that we come to, for our attitude to life must be active and not passive…"
 "There are indeed four attitudes to the world, (depending to our attitude to our


texts:
 own being): opposition, resignation, cooperation, and domination. We are continually moving among them. Zen is the last." "Really to laugh at oneself, and laugh at oneself laughing at oneself, - this is enlightenment"
 "...I feel inclined to warn you against a humourless Zen. The secret of life consists in being always and never serious!" "Humour is the origin of life. Humour is the meaning of life. Humour is the object of life. But don't take it too seriously!" "… laughter is the result and the evidence of the perception of the (intellectually contradictory) whole truth.Again, humour or its invariable concomitant laughter … is not a means, it's the end, enlightenment itself"
 '...when Shuilao was asked what his enlightenment was, he answered, "Since the master [Matsu] kicked me, I have not been able to stop laughing"'
"Zen is laughing at the world, laughing with the world"

"the Bible of Zen, the Mumonkan plus the Hekiganroku, is the universe laughing at itself"

 while reading this sutra,
 I began to laugh ...
 without knowing why

"Zen is the essence... of all that is good in the daily life of the ordinary people. But that does not mean that we are not to smash it flat if we get the slightest opportunity. And we are not going to attack foxy (false) Zen, or the hypocrites and time-servers who support it, but Zen itself in its highest and sublimest forms … the great thing is to have the courage, and say again and again, "All that can be shaken shall be shaken!" and if nothing remains, let it be so"

 "Zen, it must


texts:
 be admitted, is the selfish side of the doctrine of selflessness that comes down through the Mahayana. Zen has a very weak missionary spirit, and for that reason interferes very little with other people's lives. It does not have, and does not want, the excuse to force people into Heaven"
 "A Zen society is unthinkable in so far as it consists of (celibate) monks. A sexless society is a contradiction in terms, and a Zen society of laymen and laywomen of the traditional type would be a return to (religious) feudalism...The Zen sect has always been, like Athens, a state of "free" men among slaves, living on them more or less, and with no desire to free them socially, politically or financially. It has no view of society, no idea of human progress, material or spiritual. It is always all things to all men, and will support any government, fascistic or communistic or democratic. Its organization is unchangeable feudalistic, though on special occasions it has an All Fools' Day when an absolute equality is de rigueur. The opinion of Zen adepts on world affairs has invariably been a patriotic opportunism dressed in Buddhist platitudes...; the greatest happiness of the greatest number of people has been the least of its concerns"
 "What was, is, and always will be wrong with Buddhism of course is the –ism. A system of doctrine, rules of morality, and above all the Sangha itself means religious mass suicide…the Indian hatred of women persisted; sex was omitted, and the monastery could not be self-subsisting, since new


texts:
 members were constantly needed. Thus the life of the Zen monastery, however earnest and active it may have once been, was always a farce…Zen has not yet taught us how to be fathers and mothers and citizens.It is still a thing for monks, at least for men, and especially for old men"
 "The least admirable part of Buddhisms is its attitude to sex. The Buddha accepted women into the Sangha with the utmost unwillingness, and indeed prophesied that they would be the ruin of his system …In actual fact one of the reasons for the decline of Buddhism in India was the resurgence of Tantrism with its female deities and esoteric eroticism ... This attitude has been continued in Zen, which is thus Buddhist in its defects as well as its virtues. Occasionally women, usually old hags, appear in the Zen anecdotes ---"Some of these old Chinese women were more than a match for the greatest Zen masters [Joshu, Tokusan, Nansen, Mayoku, (Rinzai); Kanzai]…"---, but the enlightenment of women is conspicuous by its absence, and sex problems are conveniently forgotten"... "Zen is not for women and women (but see Mumonkan Case XLII) are not for Zen. So much the worse for both. Buddhism has always been anti-feminist…"... "What claim can Zen possibly have to universality when it ignores one half of humanity [women], and assumes sexlessness, that is halflessness, in the other?" Bibliography (in chronological order)

Zen in English Literature and Oriental Classics, The Hokuseido Press, 1942, reprint 1996; Dutton 1960, ; Angelico Press 2016,


texts:
Haiku, in Four Volumes, Volume 1: Eastern Culture.Volume 2: Spring. Volume 3: Summer-Autumn. Volume 4: Autumn-Winter. The Hokuseido Press, 1949-1952; Reprint The Hokuseido Press/Heian International, 1981, ; Reprint Angelico Press, 2021, ISBN 978-1621387220
 Senryu: Japanese Satirical Verses, The Hokuseido Press, 1949; Reprint Greenwood Press, 1971
Translation: Japanese Cookbook (100 Favorite Japanese Recipes for Western Cooks) by Aya Kagawa, D.M., Japan Travel Bureau, 1949, 14. print Rev.&Enlarged 1962, 18. print Enlarged 1969
A First Book of Korean, by Lee Eun and R. H. Blyth, The Hokuseido Press, c. 1950, Second Improved Edition, 1962
A Shortened Version of A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers by Henry David Thoreau with Introduction and Notes by R. H<mask>, The Hokuseido Press, (1951)
Buddhist Sermons on Christian Texts, Kokudosha 1952; Heian International, 1976,
Ikkyu's Doka; in: The Young East, Vols II.2 - III.9, Tokyo, 1952-1954; Reprint in: Blyth, Zen and Zen Classics, Vol. 5, 1966
Japanese Humour,  Japan Travel Bureau, 1957
A Survey of English Literature, from the Beginnings to Modern Times, The Hokuseido Press, 1957
Oriental Humour, The Hokuseido Press, 1959(a)
Humour in English Literature: A Chronological Anthology, The Hokuseido Press, 1959(b); Reprint Folcroft Library Editions, 1973,
Japanese Life and Character in Senryu, The Hokuseido Press, 1960. Edo Satirical Verse Anthologies, The Hokuseido Press, 1961; Heian International 1977,
A History of Haiku in Two Volumes. Volume 1: From the


texts:
 Beginnings up to Issa, 1963, .Volume 2: From Issa up to the Present, The Hokuseido Press, 1964,
Zen and Zen Classics, in Five Volumes (planned set of 8 Volumes), Volume 1: General Introduction, from the Upanishads to Huineng, 1960, ; also reprinted as 'What is Zen? General Introduction…', . Volume 2: History of Zen (Seigen Branch),1964, . Volume 3: History of Zen (cont'd) (Nangaku Branch), 1970 (posthumous; edited by N.A. Waddell and N. Inoue). Volume 4: Mumonkan, 1966 (posthumous); reprint 2002 under the title 'Mumonkan - The Zen Masterpiece. Volume 5: Twenty-Five Zen Essays (wrong subtitle on Dust Jacket 'Twenty-Four Essays'), (first published as Volume 7, 1962), reprinted 1966, .The Hokuseido Press
 Translation: Ikkyu's Skeletons (with N. A. Waddell), in: The Eastern Buddhist, N.S. Vol. VI No. 1, May 1973
Poetry and Zen: Letters and Uncollected Writings of R. H<mask>. Edited by N. A. Waddell, Shambala Publ., 2022, ISBN 978-1-61180-998-5Selection:Games Zen Masters Play: Writings of R. H. <mask>, Edited by Robert Sohl and Audrey Carr, Signet, 1976,
Selections from R.H<mask>, Zen and Zen Classics. Compiled and with Drawings by Frederick Franck, Vintage Books, 1978,
Essentially Oriental. R. H. Blyth Selection, Edited by Kuniyoshi Munakata and Michael Guest, Hokuseido Press, 1994,
The Genius of Haiku.Readings from R. H.<mask> on poetry, life, and Zen. With an Introduction by James Kirkup, The British Haiku Society, 1994, ; The Hokuseido Press, 1995, Writings/Textbooks for Students:'''
 Writings/Textbooks for

masks:
. Blyth
Blyth
. Blyth
Blyth


texts:
 Students (most of them at the University of Maryland, Hornbake Library, Gordon W. Prange Collection) include: R.L. Stevenson: Will O' the Mill, 1948; Selections from Thoreau's Journals, 1949; William Hazlitt: An Anthology, 1949; The Poems of Emerson: a Selection, 1949; A Chronological Anthology of Nature in English Literature, 1949; An Anthology of English Poetry, 1952; Dorothy Wordsworth's'' Journals (with Introduction and Footnotes), Hokuseido Press, 1952, ; R. L. Stevenson, Fables: with introduction and notes by R. H. <mask>, Nan'un-Do, Tokyo 1953; How to Read English Poetry, Hokuseido Press, (c.1957) 1958, 1971
Writings/Textbooks for Students (Publishing Unclear) include: An Anthology of Nineteenth Century Prose, 1950; Thoughts on Culture, 1950; A Chronological Anthology of Religion in English Literature, 1951; English Through Questions and Answers, 1951;  Easy Poems, Book 1 and 2, 1959; More English through Questions and Answers, 1960;

References

External links

Blyth on Zen and haiku, pictures, links
Visiting Blyth's Home (Hackett)
Chronology, bibliography, links, quotes by Michael P. Garofalo. Accessed 2008-10-10
Blyth and haiku, links, pictures
Blyth's Zen, links, pictures
Blyth Papers - Duke University
Remembering R. H. Blyth (Robert Aitken)

1898 births
1964 deaths
British expatriates in Japan
British Japanologists
British expatriates in Korea
British conscientious objectors
Alumni of the University of London
People from Essex
People educated at Ilford County High School
Kanazawa University


texts:
Benjamin Hammond Haggerty (born June 19, 1983), better known by his stage name <mask> ( ; formerly <mask>), is an American rapper. A native of Seattle, Washington, he has collaborated with producer Ryan Lewis as the duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis. His releases to date include one mixtape, three EPs, and four albums. <mask> and Lewis's single "Thrift Shop" (featuring Wanz) reached number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 in 2013. The single was dubbed by Billboard as the first song since 1994 to top the Hot 100 chart without the support of a major record label; however <mask>, in a slightly unusual recording contract, pays a nominal percentage of sales to use Warner Bros. Records's radio promotion department to push his singles. Their second single, "Can't Hold Us", also peaked at number one on the Hot 100 chart, making <mask> and Lewis the first duo in the chart's history to have their first two singles both reach the peak position.Their debut studio album The Heist was released on 9 October 2012, and charted at number 2 on the U.S. Billboard 200. The duo won four Grammy Awards at the 2014 ceremony, including Best New Artist, Best Rap Album (The Heist), Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance ("Thrift Shop"). <mask> and Lewis's second album, This Unruly Mess I've Made, was released on February 26, 2016. In June 2017, <mask> released "Glorious", a single featuring Skylar Grey, which marked his return to the music industry as well as his first major single produced without Lewis since his mainstream breakthrough. <mask> released a second solo studio album, Gemini, in September that year. Early life and influences
Ben Haggerty was born in Seattle, Washington, on June 19, 1983, one of two sons born to Bill Haggerty and Julie Schott.He was raised with his brother Tim in Seattle's Capitol Hill neighborhood. He has Irish heritage. Haggerty was six years old when hip hop first came into

masks:
Macklemore
Professor Macklemore
Macklemore
Macklemore
Macklemore
Macklemore
Macklemore
Macklemore


texts:
 his life by way of Digital Underground. According to a YouTube interview, he listened to "parental advisory" music from the radio when he was an underage youth. At the age of 15, he began to write lyrics. At the time he started to sing, Haggerty listened to "a lot of East Coast underground hip hop", listing Hieroglyphics, Freestyle Fellowship, Aceyalone, Living Legends, Wu-Tang Clan, Mobb Deep, Nas, and Talib Kweli as his major influences. He was interested in reaching a younger generation through his music and became part of a program focusing on education and cultural identity called "Gateways for Incarcerated Youth", where he facilitated music workshops.Haggerty attended Garfield High School and Nathan Hale High School. At Hale, he developed the stage name "Professor Macklemore" for an art project involving a made-up superhero, and at Garfield, he started a hip-hop group named Elevated Elements with other students. The group released an album, Progress, in 2000. Haggerty enrolled at the College of Santa Fe for a year, later saying in an interview that "[i]t was a very pivotal time in a lot of ways. Santa Fe was the place where I got good at rapping". After not getting into the music program, he moved back to Seattle. Haggerty later enrolled at The Evergreen State College and completed his bachelor's degree in 2009.Career

2000–2008: The Language of My World

In 2000, Haggerty recorded a mixtape titled Open Your Eyes under the name <mask>, which he distributed himself and released on October 21, 2000. Haggerty dropped "Professor" from his name and began working on his first official full-length album, called The Language of My World. The album was released on January 1, 2005, with its lead single, "Love Song", being announced the same day. "Love Song" featured singer Evan Roman, and was produced by Budo, who would later go on to produce several more tracks for Macklemore.


texts:
 In 2006, Haggerty first met his future collaborator Ryan Lewis. Lewis, who would go on to release two albums with Haggerty as Macklemore & Ryan Lewis, spent a few years working on Macklemore's promotion as a photographer. The two musicians would soon become good friends but would not formalize their collaborative efforts until 2009.In the meantime, <mask> kept busy as a solo artist, appearing on The Physics's song "Good" in 2009, as well as performing at the Seattle major arts and music festival Bumbershoot in 2006, 2009, and 2011. <mask>'s second mixtape, The Unplanned Mixtape, was released on September 7, 2009. It would later reach No. 7 on the iTunes Hip Hop chart. The mixtape was accompanied by the singles "The Town" and "And We Danced", the latter of which featured singer Ziggy Stardust. "The Town" was later remixed by Sabzi of the Blue Scholars. 2009–2017: Career with Ryan Lewis
In 2009, <mask> and Ryan Lewis formalized the collaboration as a duo <mask> & Ryan Lewis.They released the EP The VS. EP. They also released "Irish Celebration" in December 2009 in anticipation of the release of The Vs. EP. In March 2010, the duo released "Stay At Home Dad", a track that didn't quite make Vs. In October 2010, they created the VS. Redux EP. <mask> used his experience with substance abuse to create the mixtape's song "Otherside", which samples the Red Hot Chili Peppers song of the same title. On April 8, 2011, <mask> and Ryan Lewis performed the song at the 2011 Mariners Opening Day in-front of a sold-out crowd of nearly 48,000 attendees. "Wings" was released on January 21, 2011, followed by "Can't Hold Us" featuring Ray Dalton on August 16, 2011.In February 2011, Macklemore and producer Ryan Lewis kicked off a multi-city tour in Seattle, Washington, which included three sold-out shows at Showbox at the Market, a Seattle music venue. That same year, the rapper appeared at many

masks: Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore


texts: U.S. music festivals, including Bumbershoot, Outside Lands, Lollapalooza, Rock the Bells, SoundSet,  Sasquatch, and Bonnaroo. Their album The Heist was released in October 2012 and debuted on the U.S. Billboard 200 at number 2 of the week dated October 27, 2012, selling over 78,000 copies. "Same Love" was released on July 18, 2012 and after "White Walls". In January 2013, Music Choice featured Macklemore in the brand new series "Primed", which focuses on emerging artists. In May 2013, Haggerty was featured on Clinton Sparks's single "Gold Rush", along with 2 Chainz and D.A.The Heist World Tour began in August 2012 to promote The Heist. In January 2015, <mask> announced via Twitter that his third studio album would be released sometime in the second half of that year. Despite this, the album was not released until February 26, 2016. On August 5, 2015, <mask> released a song for free download titled "Growing Up (Sloane's Song)", which features Ed Sheeran. On 27 August 2015, he released a new song called "Downtown" which features Foxy Shazam vocalist Eric Nally, Kool Moe Dee, Melle Mel, and Grandmaster Caz, which he performed at the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards on August 30. On his first tour in two years, An Evening with <mask> and Ryan Lewis, <mask> announced that his new album was finished and ready for release. On January 15, 2016, <mask> released a teaser video on his YouTube channel revealing the name of his third studio album, This Unruly Mess I've Made, and announcing that it was scheduled to be released on February 26, 2016.On January 22, 2016, the duo released "White Privilege II", the second single on This Unruly Mess I've Made. On February 26, 2016, <mask> and Ryan Lewis released the album This Unruly Mess I've Made. Also in 2016, Macklemore released two solo singles, "Drug Dealer" and "Wednesday Morning". "Drug Dealer" features <mask> rapping about his previous

masks: Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore


texts:
 addictions and is featured in a documentary that includes clips of Macklemore discussing drug abuse with President Barack Obama. "Wednesday Morning" was released after the 2016 US Election and features <mask> rapping about the political future of the country. The tracks were produced by Budo. On June 15, 2017, <mask> announced via his official Instagram that the duo were on hiatus.2017–present: Gemini
On June 15, 2017, <mask> released "Glorious", featuring American singer Skylar Grey, as the lead single from <mask>'s second solo studio album Gemini. On July 26, 2017, <mask> released "Marmalade", featuring American rapper Lil Yachty, as the second single from Macklemore's upcoming album. "Good Old Days", a collaboration with Kesha, was released as a single on October 9, 2017. <mask> released Gemini on September 22. The album was produced by longtime collaborator Budo. On October 1, <mask> performed "Same Love" in a set at the opening of the Grand Final of the National Rugby League in Sydney, Australia — something that was considered by some to be controversial in the middle of a national survey on same sex marriage. <mask> stated that it was one of his best performances due to the circumstances and thanked the fans in Sydney for the reception that he received throughout.On December 11, 2017, <mask> announced an upcoming co-headlining tour with Kesha titled The Adventures of Kesha and <mask>. This is <mask>'s fifth headlining tour, promoting his album Gemini and Kesha's sixth headlining tour, promoting her third solo album Rainbow (2017) The tour began in Phoenix on June 6, 2018, and concluded in Tampa on August 5, 2018. Personal life

<mask> became engaged to his girlfriend of seven years, Tricia Davis, on January 21, 2013. On January 3, 2015, he announced on Twitter that he and his fiancée were expecting their first child that May. After the release of "Growing Up (Sloane's

masks: Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore


texts: Song)", which featured English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran, the couple announced that their daughter, Sloane Ava Simone Haggerty, had been born on May 29. Following the birth of Sloane, they married on June 27, 2015. In September 2017, the couple announced that they were expecting their second child.On April 3, 2018, <mask> announced during a performance at the 3Arena that his wife had given birth to their second daughter. He did not tell the crowd her name. <mask> voiced his support of LGBT rights and same-sex marriage in the song "Same Love", which also condemns homophobia in mainstream hip-hop, society, and mass media. In August 2008, <mask> admitted himself into rehab for drug addiction and alcoholism, and celebrated three years of sobriety before a brief relapse in 2011, which he describes in his song "Starting Over". He said in a 2012 documentary that he spent most of his twenties trying to combat his addictions and destructive way of life: On September 29, 2018, <mask> headlined Recovery Fest in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Recovery Fest was formed to have a drug- and alcohol-free concert and support charities that worked in combating opioid addiction. <mask> dedicated his song "My Oh My" to sportscaster Dave Niehaus, who died in November 2010, with a performance before 50,000 fans who attended the 2011 Mariners Opening Day at Safeco Field.Following the performance, <mask> and Ryan Lewis were each awarded a custom jersey embedded with a Mariners patch. Ryan Lewis announced that all proceeds from the song benefit the Rainier Vista Boys and Girls Club. <mask> is also a fan of the Seattle Seahawks and created a 12th Man promotional video as well as performed at the 2014 NFC Championship game in Seattle. <mask> is still a fan of the now-relocated Seattle SuperSonics, as he can be seen sporting a Sonics jersey at times. In August 2019, <mask> joined the ownership group of

masks: Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore Macklemore


texts:
 Seattle Sounders FC, the local Major League Soccer club. He is also a fan of the Seattle Kraken of the National Hockey League. <mask> also has an eclectic taste in art, including outlandish garments spouting sequins, fringe and feathers, a kitschy velvet painting of a bald eagle, an oil painting of Drake dancing and a Dan Lacey painting of a nude Justin Bieber.On May 14, 2016, <mask> appeared in Barack Obama's weekly address to talk about the dangers of addiction to opioids and prescription painkillers. <mask> talked about his own experiences with abuse of painkillers, stating "When you're going through it, it's hard to imagine anything being worse than addiction. But the shame and stigma associated with the disease keeps too many people from seeking the help they actually need. Addiction isn't a personal choice or a personal failure." On July 28, 2017, <mask> was involved in a head-on collision in Langley, Washington, but was unharmed. On May 16, 2019, <mask> received the Stevie Ray Vaughan Award from MusiCares, in recognition of his support of MusiCares and the addiction recovery process. In 2021, <mask> and his wife had their third child, Hugo.Discography

Solo albums
 The Language of My World (2005)
 Gemini (2017)

With Ryan Lewis
 The Heist (2012)
 This Unruly Mess I've Made (2016)

Filmography

See also
Macklemore & Ryan Lewis
List of awards and nominations received by Macklemore & Ryan Lewis
Ryan Lewis

References

Further reading

External links

1983 births
Activists from Seattle
American people of Irish descent
Grammy Award winners for rap music
Hip hop activists
LGBT rights activists from the United States
Living people
Musicians from Seattle
Rappers from Seattle
Rappers from Washington (state)
Evergreen State College alumni
West Coast hip hop musicians
American male rappers
Garfield High School (Seattle) alumni
Indie rappers
Pop rappers
Ryan Lewis
21st-century


texts:
<mask> (1941–2013) was an American ethicist, political philosopher, and public intellectual. She was the Laura Spelman Rockefeller Professor of Social and Political Ethics in the University of Chicago Divinity School with a joint appointment in the department of political science. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born on January 6, 1941, to <mask> and Hellen Lind in Windsor, Colorado. She grew up in Timnath, Colorado. She was from a Lutheran background. She received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Colorado State University and master's degrees in history from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and the University of Colorado. She received her Doctor of Philosophy degree from Brandeis University in Massachusetts in 1973, writing her dissertation on Women and Politics: A Theoretical Analysis.Career
<mask> taught from 1973 to 1988 at the University of Massachusetts and then from 1988 to 1995 she taught at Vanderbilt University as the first woman to hold an endowed professorship. <mask> was selected as a Phi Beta Kappa scholar, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, a Guggenheim Fellow, and recipient of nine honorary degrees. In 1995 she became a professor at University of Chicago. She was the Laura Spelman Rockefeller Professor of Social and Political Ethics at the University of Chicago Divinity School, and a contributing editor for The New Republic. She was also a Visiting Distinguished Professor of Religion and Politics at Baylor University. In the 1990s, she chaired the Council on Civil Society, a joint project of the Institute for American Values and the University of Chicago Divinity School, which issued the report A Call to Civil Society: Why Democracy Needs Moral Truths. She was a member of the American Academy of Arts and

masks:
Jean Paulette Bethke Elshtain
Elshtain
Paul Bethke
Elshtain
Elshtain


texts:
 Sciences and she has served on the boards of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, and the National Humanities Center.She was the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship, and received nine honorary degrees. In 2002, <mask> received the Frank J. Goodnow award, the highest award for distinguished service to the profession given by the American Political Science Association. The focus of <mask>'s work is an exploration of the relationship between politics and ethics. Much of her work concerned the parallel development of male and female gender roles as they pertain to public and private social participation. After the September 11, 2001, attacks she was one of the more visible academic supporters of US military intervention in Afghanistan and Iraq. She published over five hundred essays and authored and/or edited over twenty books, including Democracy on Trial, Just War Against Terror: The Burden of American Power in a Violent World, Jane Addams and the Dream of American Democracy, Augustine and the Limits of Politics, and Sovereignty: God, State, Self. In 2006, she was appointed by US President George W. Bush to the Council of the National Endowment for the Humanities, and also delivered the prestigious Gifford Lectures at the University of Edinburgh, joining such previous Gifford Lecturers as William James, Hannah Arendt, Karl Barth, and Reinhold Niebuhr.In 2008, Elshtain received a second presidential appointment to the President's Council on Bioethics. Elshtain contributed to national debates on the family, the roles of men and women, the state of American democracy, and international relations for more than thirty-five years. Analysis of major works
Elshtain's importance to the United States stems both from her impact in political ethics, and also her position in society as a woman. Carlin Romano, author of

masks: Elshtain Elshtain


texts:
 America the Philosophical, explains in his work that Elshtain's aim "was not so much to lobby for specific policies as to push for good civic-minded 'individualism' over the egoism of 'bad individualism'". In one of her more popular titles, Women and War, Elshtain examines women's roles in war as contrasted against masculine roles and why these concepts are important to society. Beginning by examining America's societal interpretations of gender roles during wartime (man as a brave fighter and woman as a pacifist), Elshtain argues that men may make poor civic soldiers due to the fact that they are predisposed to a dangerous kind of eager adolescence on the battlefield, while women may be enthusiastically patriotic and possess a kind of necessary maturity, which is vital to successful combat. In one of her more famous works, Democracy on Trial, Elshtain reflects on democracy in America, discussing how socio-cultural insistence on "difference" or "separatism" have evolved since the ratification of the Constitution, and how it may be detrimental to the system.Elshtain does not deny the importance of difference, especially within a civic body. Rather, she recognizes that Americans are no longer acting as representative bodies in governments, which embrace separate interests and also work as a collective towards the betterment of the whole. Elshtain, like James Madison, explains that American factional hostility is only a detriment to society: "one makes war with enemies: one does politics – democratic politics – with opponents". Death
She died on August 11, 2013, at the age of 72 of heart failure resulting from endocarditis. She was buried at Grandview Cemetery, Fort Collins. Published works

Books
 Sovereignty: God, State, Self (2008)
 Just War Against Terror: The Burden of American Power in a Violent World (2003)
 Jane


texts:
 Addams and the Dream of American Democracy (2002)
 Who Are We? Critical Reflections and Hopeful Possibilities.Politics and Ethical Discourse (2000)
 New Wine in Old Bottles: International Politics and Ethical Discourse (1998)
 Real Politics: Political Theory and Everyday Life (1997)
 Augustine and the Limits of Politics (1996)
 . .
 .
 .
 .
 Public Man, Private Woman: Women in Social and Political Thought (1981)

Articles and interviews
 "The Self: Reborn, Undone, Transformed". TELOS 44 (Summer 1980). New York: Telos Press

References

Footnotes

Works cited

External links

 <mask> <mask> Papers - Pembroke Center Archives, Brown University
 Guide to the <mask> Elshtain Papers 1935-2017 at the University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center

1941 births
2013 deaths
20th-century American philosophers
20th-century Lutherans
21st-century American philosophers
21st-century Roman Catholics
American ethicists
American feminist writers
American Lutherans
American political philosophers
American women political scientists
American political scientists
American Roman Catholic religious writers
American women philosophers
Brandeis University alumni
Burials in Colorado
Catholic philosophers
Catholics from Colorado
Catholics from Tennessee
Christian ethicists
Colorado State University alumni
Communitarianism
Converts to Roman Catholicism from Lutheranism
Deaths from endocarditis
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America Christians
Feminist philosophers
Georgetown University faculty
Individualist feminists
International relations scholars
Lutheran philosophers
People from Larimer County, Colorado
People from Windsor, Colorado
University of Chicago faculty
University of Colorado alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni
Vanderbilt University faculty
Writers from Colorado
21st-century

masks:
Jean Bethke
Elshtain
Jean Bethke


texts:
<mask> (born December 27, 1943) is a bisexual American activist, writer, and poet best known for her involvement in lesbian feminist activism. Life and early work
<mask> was born on December 27, 1943, in Brooklyn, New York, to parents of Russian-Polish Jewish descent. In 1960, she attended her first women's judo classes in New York City, trying to meet lesbian women. Two years later, at age 19, she moved out of her parents' home to a hotel and went to lesbian bars, where she "was miserable". She did not find herself fitting in to the roles of "butch" or "femme", common lesbian gender roles during this period. During this period, she was exposed to Betty Friedan's famous work, The Feminine Mystique, a text which inspired many feminists. She was also involved in a group based on the work of Harry Stack Sullivan which led to her first Anti-Vietnam War movement protest.In 1965, she graduated from City College. In November 1967 she went to her first meeting of the New York City chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB), of which she later became president, despite her feelings of resistance to events like the "Annual Reminder" held by the organization. Due to FBI surveillance, members of the DOB were encouraged to take aliases, and Altman took <mask> as a surname. While working as a secretary in the office of fundraising for Barnard College, she joined the Student Homophile League and worked with bisexual activist Stephen Donaldson, who she was also dating at the time. <mask> has described the affair as causing a scandal, stating, "We used to walk into these meetings arm in arm... because the two of us were so blatant and out there in public being pro gay, they

masks:
Martha Shelley
Martha Altman
Shelley
Shelley


texts:
 certainly couldn't afford to throw us out." In approximately 1969, the first major essay of <mask>'s appears in the newsletter Liberation News Service: "Stepin' Fetchit Woman". This same essay later appeared in other publications with alternate titles including "Women of Lesbos" and "Notes of a Radical Lesbian".<mask> states that she did not choose the title under which it first appeared. Gay Liberation Front

While in a leadership role with the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB), <mask> sometimes provided tours to women who were in New York City to learn about how to make their own chapter of the organization. While giving one of these tours to women from Boston the night of the Stonewall riots, <mask> and her visitors walked past the beginnings of the riots outside of the Stonewall Inn. <mask> dismissed them as anti-war protests initially, but was later informed about the actual cause. Recognizing the significance of the event and being politically aware,  <mask> proposed a protest march and, as a result, DOB and Mattachine sponsored a demonstration. With time, it became clear to those involved that <mask> and others desired a new organization to better serve their political goals; she was one of the twenty or so women and men who formed the Gay Liberation Front after Stonewall and was outspoken in many of their confrontations. Over time, the Gay Liberation Front's name was used in similar organizations but without any inherent direct connection to <mask> or other organizers in New York City at this time.<mask> also wrote for Come Out!, the New York City Gay Liberation Front's newsletter, and helped get the issues printed. The newsletter published essays, reports,

masks: Shelley Shelley Shelley Shelley Shelley Shelley Shelley Shelley Shelley