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 place, and had her, the mother, imprisoned. Palgi accused Kasztner of leading them into a trap. Shmuel Tamir, Gruenwald's attorney, claimed that this was one of the main reasons that he felt that Kasztner had been nothing more than a German collaborator, to save his family and perhaps for money.In Kasztner's defense, Eli Reichenthal says that at the point when the three paratroopers reached Budapest, what motivated Kasztner's decisions were the jeopardy to the deal (which Kasztner believed was real and therefore could save many more Jews) and Eichmann's blackmail (having Kasztner's family together with the Hungarian Zionist leadership on the train). This was something Kasztner could not reveal at the trial; "I had reasons" was his answer to Szenes's mother. Auschwitz Protocols
In April 1944 Kasztner received in Bratislava the Vrba-Wetzler report and other evidence that Hungary's Jews would be murdered. The report was later released to the leaders of Jewish organizations in Budapest and elsewhere in the hope that Hungarian Jews would be warned that they were being deported to a death camp and were not being resettled, as they had been led to believe. However, the report was not made public by Kasztner, the Jewish Council (Judenrat) in Hungary or other Jewish organizations. George Mantello (Mandel), an Orthodox Jew from Hungary and first secretary of the El Salvador mission to Switzerland, sent a Romanian diplomat friend, Florian Manoliu, to find out what was happening to his family, who by then had been murdered. Manoliu stopped over in Budapest at risk


type: original

texts: to himself, and on 19 June 1944 obtained the abridged Auschwitz Protocols reports from Moshe Krausz representing the Jewish Agency in Budapest.Manilou immediately returned with the reports to Geneva and Mantello publicized the details within a day of receiving them. This led to grassroots demonstrations and over 400 headlines in the Swiss press deploring Europe's barbarism toward Jews (published in spite of Swiss censorship rules), sermons in Swiss churches, and the publication of the book "Am I my Brother's Keeper?" by Paul Vogt, Switzerland's leading theologian. The resulting international outcry was one of the main reasons that the Hungarian government stopped the deportations. By then, 437,000 Hungarian Jews had been taken to Auschwitz, most murdered on arrival. Kasztner's critics also argued that he promised the SS not to warn Hungarian Jews to avoid jeopardizing negotiations to save the Jews who escaped on the Kastner train. In 1960, an interview with Eichmann, by the Dutch Nazi journalist Willem Sassen in Argentina, was published in Life Magazine.Eichmann said that Kasztner "agreed to help keep the Jews from resisting deportationand even keep order in the collection campsif I would close my eyes and let a few hundred or a few thousand young Jews emigrate to Palestine. It was a good bargain". Rudolf Vrba wrote, "Kasztner paid for those 1,684 lives with his silence". Kasztner's supporters argued that the agreement over the train was part of a much larger rescue effort, involving negotiations to save all Hungarian Jews, and that he could not have


texts:
 saved Jews by warning them anyway. Löb argued, "With no access to the media and limited opportunities to travel, under constant observation by German and Hungarian secret police, he could hardly have raised the alarm in an effective way" and even if he had, the Jews, "surrounded by enemies, stripped of their rights and possessions, having neither the arms nor the experience", were unable to organise either resistance or mass escapes. Kasztner's critics replied that he received SS permission to visit Kolozsvár/Cluj on May 3, 1944, but failed to warn the Jews there despite the fact that Cluj was only  from the Romanian border and that the 20,000 Jews there were guarded by only 20 Hungarian gendarmes and an SS officer, and could have escaped. They also said that he could have telephoned other Jewish communities but did not, and that warnings might have enabled Jews to save their lives through "local uprisings, resistances, escapes, hiding, hiding children with Gentiles, forging documents, paying ransom, bribes" and other means.From 1943, the BBC Polish Service had been broadcasting about the exterminations but the BBC Hungarian Service had not mentioned Jews. After the German invasion in March 1944, the Hungarian Service did broadcast warnings, but by then it was too late. According to David Cesarani and Götz Aly, although Jews who survived the deportations claimed that they had not been informed by their leaders, that no one had told them, there is plenty of evidence that Hungarian Jews could have known. Reaction
The consequences of the meetings between


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 Kasztner and Eichmann had long-lasting repercussions in the Israeli and Hungarian Jewish communities that are still felt. Part of these repercussions revolve around the fact that Kasztner helped to draw up the list of who was going to be among the Jews who were chosen to be saved and allowed to leave on a train. According to some sources, many of the Jews who were saved were Kasztner's relatives, rich Hungarian Jews who subsidized those on the train who could not pay, friends of Kasztner, as well as "community and Zionist leaders". The passengers included orphans, students, workmen, teachers and nurses.Defense of Kurt Becher and other SS officers
In early 1945, Kasztner traveled to Germany with Becher, who had received the money and valuables paid to save the Jewish lives on the train. Himmler had ordered Becher to attempt to stop further exterminations at the concentration camps as the Allies gained further ground in the closing days of World War II. Even though Kasztner was a Hungarian Jew and Becher was head of the Economic Department of the SS, Kasztner and Becher worked well together. This 1945 action is credited by some for saving tens of thousands of Jewish lives [Ref. Anna Porter, "Kastner Train"]. Others consider Kasztner to have been a collaborator. At the conclusion of the war, Becher was arrested and investigated at Nuremberg as a war criminal.Kasztner intervened on his behalf and sent an affidavit to his de-Nazification hearing, stating that "[Becher is] cut from a different wood than the professional mass murderers of the political SS". It


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 is possible that he did so with the knowledge of the Jewish Agency (Zionist leadership in Palestine, the Yishuv) in the hope of obtaining help in recovering stolen Jewish assets and capturing Eichmann in return. Kasztner later lied in court about having testified on Becher's behalf at Nuremberg trials, while he was asked about the affidavit. This defense of an SS officer angered the Jewish public as much as the original negotiations with Eichmann. Kasztner also intervened on behalf of SS officers Hermann Krumey and Dieter Wisliceny, who had negotiated with him before his meetings with Eichmann. In all, "there was a total of seven interventions by Kasztner on behalf of Nazi war criminals. Three testimonies were on behalf of Becher, two were on behalf of Krumey, one was on behalf of Hans Jüttner, and there was an appeal that had the potential to deliver Wisliceny from the threat of execution in Slovakia."Wisliceny was hanged in 1948; Jüttner's 10-year prison sentence was changed to 4 years in 1949. He died in 1965; Krumey was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1969. He died in 1981; Becher died a wealthy man in 1995. Libel trial

<mask> moved to Israel after the war, and became active in the Mapai party. He was an unsuccessful candidate in the first and second elections, and became the spokesman for the Ministry of Trade and Industry in 1952. His role in collaborating with the SS made headlines in 1953, when he was accused in a self-published pamphlet produced by Malchiel Gruenwald of collaborating with the Nazis, enabling the mass murder of Hungarian


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 Jewry, partnership with Nazi officer Kurt Becher in theft of Jewish assets, and saving Becher from punishment after the war. Gruenwald was sued for libel by the Israeli government on Kasztner's behalf, resulting in a trial that lasted two years.Gruenwald's attorney, Shmuel Tamir, was a former Irgun member and supporter of the opposition Herut Party led by Menachem Begin. Tamir turned the libel case against his client into a political trial of Kasztner and, by implication, the Labor Party. The mother of wartime heroine Hannah Szenes had also accused Kasztner of betraying her daughter to her death and spoke out against him during the trial. In his ruling, Judge Benjamin Halevi (later also a Herut member of the Knesset) acquitted Gruenwald of libel on the first, second and fourth counts. He wrote:

The temptation was great. Kasztner was given the actual possibility of rescuing, for the time being, 600 souls from the imminent holocaust, with some chance of somewhat increasing their numbers by payment or further negotiations. Not just any 600 souls, but those he considered, for any reason, most prominent and suitable for rescue...<p>

But timeo Danaos et dona ferentes (I fear the Greeks even when they bring gifts).By accepting this present, Kasztner had sold his soul to the devil... The success of the rescue agreement depended until the last minute on the Nazi goodwill, and the last minute didn't arrive until long after the end of the extermination of the Jews in the provincial towns. The Israeli government's decision to appeal on Kasztner's behalf led to its


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 collapse, as Prime Minister Moshe Sharett resigned when the General Zionists, a member of his coalition, refused to abstain from voting on a no-confidence motion filed by Herut and Maki. Kasztner became a hate figure in Israel, and compared the verdict against him to the Dreyfus affair. He resigned his government position and started working for the Israeli Hungarian-language newspaper Új Kelet. He was assassinated in 1957 (see below). The Supreme Court of Israel overturned most of the judgment against Kasztner in 1958.The judges overturned the first count by 3–2 and the second count by 5–0. The longest majority decision was written by Judge Shimon Agranat, who said:

 During that period Kasztner was motivated by the sole motive of saving Hungary's Jews as a whole, that is, the largest possible number under the circumstances of time and place as he estimated could be saved. This motive fitted the moral duty of rescue to which he was subordinated as a leader of the Relief and Rescue Committee in Budapest. Influenced by this motive he adopted the method of financial or economic negotiation with the Nazis. Kasztner's behavior stands the test of plausibility and reasonableness. His behavior during his visit to Cluj (on May 3) and afterwards, both its active aspect (the plan of the "prominents") and its passive aspect (withholding the "Auschwitz news" and lack of encouragement for acts of resistance and escape on a large scale)—is in line with his loyalty to the method which he considered, at all important times, to be the only chance of rescue. Therefore, one


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 cannot find a moral fault in his behavior, one cannot discover a causal connection between it and the easing of the concentration and deportation, one cannot see it as becoming a collaboration with the Nazis.But Judge Moshe Silberg disagreed on historical and moral grounds:

We can sum up with these three facts:
 That the Nazis didn't want to have a great revolt — "Second Warsaw" — nor small revolts, and their passion was to have the extermination machine working smoothly without resistance. This fact was known to Kasztner from the very best source: Eichmann himself ...
 That the most efficient means of paralyzing the resistance wheel or the escape of a victim is to conceal from him the plot of the coming murder ...
 That he, Kasztner, in order to carry out the rescue plan for the few prominents, fulfilled knowingly and without good faith the stated desire of the Nazis, thus expediting the work of exterminating the masses. All five Supreme Court Judges upheld Judge Halevi's verdict on the "criminal and perjurious way" in which Kasztner after the war had saved Nazi war criminal Becher. Judge Silberg summed up the Supreme Court finding on this point:
"Greenwald has proven beyond any reasonable doubt this grave charge." Assassination and burial
Minutes after midnight on March 4, 1957, Kasztner was shot as he arrived at his Tel Aviv home. The attack was carried out by a three-man squad from a group of veterans from the pre-state right-wing underground group Lehi led by Yosef Menkes and Yaakov Heruti. Menkes had also been a member of the post-independence


texts: terrorist group Kingdom of Israel.The assassination squad consisted of Menkes (the leader), Ze'ev Eckstein (the shooter), and Dan Shemer (the driver). The three men waited in a jeep parked outside Kasztner's house. Eckstein disembarked and approached Kasztner as he locked his car, and asked him if he was <mask>. When Kasztner confirmed, Eckstein pulled out a handgun and fired three times. According to one opinion, the first shot was a spent bullet, the second hit the car door, and the third hit Kasztner in the upper body, critically wounding him. Kasztner attempted to escape, but died of his injuries on March 15. In Gaylen Ross' 2008 film "Killing Kasztner", Ze'ev Eckstein presented a very different sequence of events and implied that someone else fired a fatal third bullet.The Kasztner family, also in the film, does not seem to disagree. See section "Documentary" below. About an hour after the shooting, Shin Bet (Israel's internal security service) opened an investigation, focusing its efforts on the Lehi veterans group led by Menkes and Heruti. The group had been linked to various murder incidents and various actions against <mask>, and it was suspected that Menkes bore personal responsibility. In addition, <mask> delivered a description of the assassins at the hospital. After a lengthy investigation, Shin Bet identified Eckstein, Shemer, and Menkes as the assassins. Shemer was the first to confess, and implicated Eckstein, who subsequently confessed and implicated Menkes.In addition, police tracked down the jeep used by the assassins, which was found

masks:
Israel Kasztner
Kasztner
Kasztner


texts: to contain the murder weapon and fingerprints belonging to Shemer. Subsequently, 20 members of their organization were arrested, including Heruti, and two weapons caches belonging to the group were discovered. Eckstein, then 24, stated that he tried to kill Kasztner to avenge his activities in conjunction with Nazi figures such as Adolf Eichmann. During the trial it turned out that Eckstein had been a paid informer of Shin Bet a few months before the shooting. The idea that the killing was a government conspiracy has been described by Elliott Jager as "absolute nonsense", because the head of the intelligence service was a close personal friend of Kasztner. Others – including Ben Hecht in his book Perfidy – feel otherwise. At that time Kasztner, a high ranking government official, became a liability to the government and the trial led to collapse of the cabinet.Kasztner's killers were given life sentences, but were pardoned after seven years. In January 1958 the Supreme Court of Israel overturned most of the judgment against Kasztner, stating that the lower court had "erred seriously" in putting the emphasis on Kasztner's moral conduct, leaving that "For history to judge". In January 2015, Haaretz began publishing newly released documents relating to the assassination and its aftermath. Haaretz claims that the documents confirm that the Shin Bet knew that Kasztner was targeted and could back the conjecture "that the Shin Bet security service was involved in the murder of Kastner." In an open letter by Tamir to the Tel Aviv municipality, which was planning


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 to name a street after Kasztner, he stated that "Kasztner was never given exoneration", but rather that it was merely unproven whether his actionswhich during the court case had been unanimously agreed upon as being despicablehad caused the murder or the failure to escape from Hungary of close to half a million Jews, deported and killed in the last months of the war. The court, he said, left that and only that to history. Kasztner is buried alongside Elizabeth in Nahalat Yitzhak Cemetery.Descendants
<mask>'s daughter Zsuzsa lives in Tel Aviv, where she works as a hospital nurse. She has three daughters, including Merav Michaeli, a well-known radio and television presenter in Israel, and the leader of the Israeli Labor Party. In her inaugural speech to the Knesset, Michaeli described her grandfather as a man who saved "tens of thousands of Jews" by negotiating with Eichmann. Zsuzsa Kasztner and Michaeli attended the formal presentation of the Kasztner archive to Yad Vashem in 2007, and the former lectured about her father in Britain in 2008. Documentary
The feature-length theatrical documentary Killing Kasztner was released in Israel and the UK in 2009 and the United States in October 2009. The director of the film is Gaylen Ross. In the documentary, Ze'ev Eckstein states that after he fired a blank or a dud, Kasztner ran in the dark into the bushes by his building.Eckstein fired his two remaining bullets in Kasztner's direction, and then heard a shot by someone else, after which Kasztner cried out in pain. Thus Eckstein implied that he wasn't the one


texts:
 who fired the fatal shot. The film shows Eckstein at the Kasztner family apartment in Tel Aviv, where he was invited and met with the family. The atmosphere was not hostile. See also
 Hansi Brand

References

Bibliography

 Barri, Shoshana (1997). "The Question of Kastner's Testimonies on behalf of Nazi War Criminals," The Journal of Israeli History, vol 18, issue 2–3, pp. 139–165.Bilsky, Leora (2001). "Judging Evil in the Trial of Kastner", Law and History Review, Vol 19, No. 1, Spring 2001. Encyclopaedia Judaica (1972). "<mask>, Rezso Rudolf," Jerusalem. Gilbert, Martin (1981). Auschwitz and the Allies: A Devastating Account of How the Allies Responded to the News of Hitler's Mass Murder.First published 1981, this edition Holt Paperbacks 1990. Hecht, Ben (1961). Perfidy. Milah Press. Ilani, Ofri (2008). 50 years on, Holocaust survivor defends Rudolph Kastner, Haaretz, December 12, 2008. Jager, Elliott (2007).Perfidy revisited, Jerusalem Post, July 31, 2007. Kadar, Gabor, and Vagi, Zoltan (2004). Self-financing Genocide: The Gold Train, the Becher Case, and the Wealth of Hungarian Jews. Central European University Press. Kranzler, David (2000). The Man Who Stopped the Trains to Auschwitz. Syracuse University Press.LeBor, A. (2000), Eichmann's List: A Pact With the Devil, The Independent, August 23, 2000. Löb, Ladislaus  (2008). Dealing with Satan. Rezsõ <mask>'s Daring Rescue Mission. Jonathan Cape. Bogdanor Paul (2016).Kasztner's Crime
 Orr, Akiva (1994). "The Kastner Case, Jerusalem, 1955" in Israel: Politics, Myths and Identity Crisis, Pluto Press,

masks: Kasztner Kasztner


texts:
 pp. 81–116. Porter, Anna (2007). Kasztner's Train. Douglas & MacIntyre. Weitz, Yechiam (1995).Ha-Ish she-Nirtsah Paamayim ("The Man Who Was Murdered Twice"). Keter. Zweig, Ronald W. (2002). The Gold Train: The Destruction of the Jews and the Looting of Hungary. Harper Collins. Further reading

 <mask> Memorial
 Arendt, Hannah. “Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil”.Penguin Books, 1977 (particularly pp. 116–118, and 132). Aronson, Shlomo & Breitman, Richard. "The End of the Final Solution? Nazi Plans to Ransom Jews in 1944," Central European History, vol 25, issue 2, pp. 177–203. Baruch Kimmerling."Israel's Culture of Martyrdom", The Nation, January 10, 2005. Bauer, Yehuda. "The Negotiations between Saly Mayer and the Representatives of the SS in 1944–1945," Rescue Attempts during the Holocaust: Proceedings of the Second Yad Vashem International Historical Conference – April 1974, Yad Vashem, 1977, pp. 5–45. Bauer, Yehuda. American Jewry and the Holocaust: The American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, 1939–1945. Wayne State University Press, 1981.Bauer, Yehuda (1994). Jews for Sale? Nazi-Jewish Negotiations, 1933–1945. Yale University Press, 1994. Biss, Andre. A Million Jews to Save: Check to the Final Solution. Hutchinson & Co, 1973.Bogdanor Paul. Kastner's Crime. Routledge, 2016. Bower, Tom. Nazi Gold. HarperCollins, 1997 (particularly pp. 61–62, 161, 229–230, 236, 257, 288, 290–293, 312, and 320).Brenner, Lenni Zionism in the age of Dictators...
 Cale, Ruth. "The Kastner Case Closed," Congress Weekly, March 3, 1958, pp. 5–7


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 (reports on the appeal). Conway, John S. "The Holocaust in Hungary: Recent Controversies and Reconsiderations," in Braham, Randolph L. The Tragedy of Hungarian Jewry: Essays, Documents, Depositions. Columbia University Press, 1986, pp. 1–48. Dawidowicz, Lucy S. "Ben Hecht's Perfidy," Commentary, March 1982, pp.260–265. Dean, Gideon. "The Kastner Affair," The Reconstructionist, January 27, 1956, pp. 9–15 (the first of two reports on the first trial). Dean, Gideon. "The Kastner Affair II," The Reconstructionist, February 10, 1956, pp. 13–19.Gilroy, Harry. "Israeli Cabinet Asked to Resign: Sharett to Force the Action Today in a Dispute over Handling of Libel Suit," The New York Times, June 29, 1955, p. 5. Gilroy, Harry. "Kastner's Case Embitters Israel's Party Struggles: Outcome of Election Will Be Influenced By Split in the Government Coalition," The New York Times, July 3, 1955, p. 5. Hilberg, Raul. The Destruction of the European Jews, first published in 1961, this edition Yale University Press, 2003. <mask>, Resző Rudolf at Library of Congress Authorities.Kasztner, Rezso. "Report of Jewish Aid and Rescue Committee in Budapest," 1942–1945. T/37(237) Submitted during the course of the Adolf Eichmann trial and marked T/1113 (BO6-900, Vol. II, pp. 908–910); also cited as:
 Kastner, Israel. "Report of the Rescue Committee in Budapest," 1942–1945 (submitted to the Zionist Congress), 108 [Hebrew]. Cited by Judge Halevi, Cr.C.(Jm.) 124/53 Attorney General v. Gruenvald, 44 P.M. (1965) 3, at 115 [translated by Leora Bilsky]. Kastner, Rezso. Der Bericht des


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 judischen Rettungskomitees aus Budapest, 1942–1945 (mimeo ms); later published as Der Kasztner-Bericht ueber Eichmanns Menschenhandel in Ungarn. Kindler, 1946, 1961. Katz, Shlomo. "Ben Hecht's Kampf," Midstream, Winter 1962, pp.92–101. Laqueur, Walter Z. "The Kastner Case: Aftermath of the Catastrophe," Commentary, vol 20, issue 6, pp. 500–511. Maoz, Asher. Historical Adjudication: Courts of Law, Commissions of Inquiry, and "Historical Truth", Law and History Review, University of Illinois Press, Vol. 18.No. 3, Fall 2000. "No Reason to Repent: Eichmann's Doctored Version of the Kastner Affair," Jewish Observer and Middle East Review, December 9, 1960. New York Times articles:
 "Zionist Ex-Leader Accused of Perjury," July 8, 1955. "Israeli Case Revived: Perjury Trial of Dr. Kastner Moved to Jerusalem," August 1, 1955. "Israel Libel Appeal Due: Decision in Nazi Collaboration Case to Be Challenged," August 22, 1955. "Perjury Charged to Israel Ex-Aide: Case Part of Legal Drama Against Former Official Called Nazi Collaborator," February 6, 1956."Key Israeli Case Takes New Turn: Jurist Drops Perjury Count Against Kastner, Branded a Nazi Collaborator," March 16, 1956. "Israeli Court Frees Kastner of Perjury," March 17, 1956. "Israeli Shot in Street: Kastner, Libel Case Figure, Wounded by Assailant," March 4, 1957. "Israel Holds Four in Kastner Attack," March 5, 1957. "Two Confess Shooting: Israeli Police Link Extremists to Attack on Dr. Kastner," March 15, 1957. "Israeli Quisling. Dead of Wounds: Dr. Kastner, Branded a Nazi Collaborator, Succumbs to an


texts:
 Assassin's Bullets," March 18, 1957."U.S. Urges Israel Use Restraint In Stand on Gaza: Extremists Rounded Up," March 18, 1957. "Israel Will Try Three In Murder: Terrorists Are Said to Have Plotted Against Premier After Several Slayings," May 23, 1957. "Israeli Trial Opens: Three Men Plead Innocent in Kastner Slaying," July 3, 1957. "3 Israelis Get Life In Kastner Slaying," January 8, 1958. "Kastner Cleared By Israeli Court: Supreme Tribunal Reverses Ruling He Sacrificed Jews in Hungary to Nazis," January 16, 1958. "Chief Judge Backs Kastner Clearing," January 17, 1958. "Accuser Found Guilty of Libel; An Israeli Court Clears Kastner: Majority Decision of Supreme Tribunal Rules Man Charged With Aid to Nazis Risked Life for Jews in Hungary," January 18, 1958.Segev, Tom. "The Seventh Million: Israelis and the Holocaust", Owl Books edition, 2000,
 Sloan, Jacob. "From the Trial of Rudolf Kastner," The Reconstructionist, December 26, 1958, pp. 29–31. Warburg, Gustav. "The Strange Case of Joel Brand," Jewish Observer and Middle East Review'', 1954, vol. 3.External links

1906 births
1957 deaths
Romanian Jews
Austro-Hungarian Jews
Hungarian Jews
Hungarian emigrants to Mandatory Palestine
Israeli people of Hungarian-Jewish descent
Jews in Mandatory Palestine
Mapai politicians
Adolf Eichmann
Blood for goods
Israeli journalists
Israeli lawyers
Transylvanian Jews
Writers from Cluj-Napoca
Jewish Hungarian politicians
The Holocaust in Hungary
Assassinated Israeli people
Assassinated Jews
People murdered in Israel
Deaths by firearm in Israel
Kastner train
Burials at


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<mask> (born 17 August 1994) is a French professional footballer who plays for Serie A club AC Milan, on loan from Chelsea. Bakayoko plays as a centre midfielder, but can adapt to other  positions such as a box-to-box midfielder due to his ability to break up play. He is considered to have all-round ability, as well as possessing physical power and athleticism, with France manager Didier Deschamps describing him as "a complete midfielder." After suffering a fractured leg as a young player, Bakayoko joined the academy at Rennes at the age of 13. At 14, he was turned down by the Clairfontaine academy. His senior career began at Rennes where he made 24 appearances before moving to Monaco in 2014 for 8 million EUR. In his first two seasons at the club, Bakayoko made 31 Ligue 1 appearances, but was a regular starter in the 2016–17 season, contributing to Monaco's Ligue 1 title win as well as being named in the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League squad of the season.In 2017, he joined Chelsea for £40 million. <mask> made his first senior international appearance for the France national team in March 2017. Early life
<mask> was born in Paris and played for Paris 15sème O at the age of five. Aged nine, he played for CA Paris Charenton before moving to Montrouge FC 92. As a young player, Bakayoko suffered a broken leg which stopped him playing football for eight months. In 2008, at the age of 13, he joined the academy at Rennes. At 14, he was rejected by the renowned Clairefontaine academy.Club career

Rennes
<mask> made his debut for the Ligue 1 team on 24 August 2013 in a Ligue 1 match against Évian TG, playing the whole match in a 2–1 away win. Monaco

2014–2016

Bakayoko joined Monaco in July 2014 for £7 million, and made his debut for the club on 10 August 2014 in a Ligue 1 match against Lorient. He was replaced by Valère Germain after 32 minutes in a 2–1 home loss. His early substitution by Monaco manager Leonardo Jardim created a strained relationship between the two, with Bakayoko

masks:
Tiémoué Bakayoko
Bakayoko
Bakayoko
Bakayoko


texts:
 saying: "From then on, something was a little broken between him and me". After his debut, Bakayoko didn't start another match for over two months, with the remainder of his season blighted by injuries and inconsistent form. Difficulties between Jardim continued, with Bakayoko feeling unfairly treated by his manager who had become frustrated at Bakayoko's progress, questioned his attitude during training and was critical of Bakayoko for sometimes being late for meetings. 2016–17

Following his first two seasons at Monaco, in which he made 31 Ligue 1 performances, Bakayoko decided to change his behaviour to fulfil his potential, which included moving from a luxury villa to an apartment and changing the colour of his car from pink to black.Additionally, he began boxing, changed his diet and improved his strength. He was helped by former France international Claude Makélélé, who had been appointed director of football at Monaco in 2016, on how to improve his football and take care of himself off the pitch. Bakayoko also sought advice from his former youth coach at Rennes, Yannick Menu. As a result, and with Jérémy Toulalan and Mario Pašalić having both left the club in 2016, Bakayoko became a regular starter for Monaco, helping the club to the Ligue 1 title in the 2016–17 season and named in the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League squad of the season. It was a decisive season for Bakayoko. Not only had he established himself as an important part of Monaco's team with consistent performances, he had fewer injuries and his application during training was no longer criticised. During the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League round of 16-second leg match at the Stade Louis II on 15 March 2017, Bakayoko scored the final goal (it was his first ever UEFA Europa League or UEFA Champions League goal) with a header from a Thomas Lemar free-kick to help Monaco secure a vital goal against Manchester City.Monaco won 3–1 and won the tie on the away goals rule (aggregate score 6–6). During an interview, <mask>


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 said a recurrence of an knee injury from 2015 leading to a crack in the meniscus caused him a lot of discomfort during his final season at Monaco: "People don't know but throughout the whole of last season I suffered because of my knee. I really had to grit my teeth in every match." Chelsea

On 15 July 2017, Bakayoko signed for Premier League club Chelsea on a five-year contract for a fee around the margin of £40 million, making him the club's second most expensive signing at the time, after Fernando Torres. He made his Chelsea debut in a 2–1 away win over Tottenham Hotspur in the Premier League on 20 August 2017. On 5 February, he was sent off for the first time in his Chelsea career, in a 4–1 loss away to Watford. <mask> was given his marching orders for two bookable offences, one on Étienne Capoue and the other on Richarlison, both in the first half.<mask> failed to impress in his first season. He was criticised for his performances by fans and pundits alike, with games against both Watford, where he was sent off after only 30 minutes, and a 3–0 away defeat by Newcastle United on the last day of the Premier League season being singled out as two of his worst. <mask> continued his poor form into the 2018–19 season, finding himself culpable for Inter Milan's equaliser in a 1–1 pre-season draw, having lost possession in midfield. Milan (loan)
On 14 August 2018, Bakayoko signed for Serie A club AC Milan on a season-long loan for a fee of €5 million with an option to make the move permanent for €35 million. His career in Italy did not get off to a good start, and he was labelled 'confused’, 'a disaster', and 'messy' after a poor performance in a UEFA Europa League game against Olympiacos, in which he gifted the Greek team the opener in a 3–1 win. However, his form improved dramatically late in 2018. <mask> was subjected to racial abuse by the travelling Lazio ultras during the second leg of the Coppa Italia semifinal match against Lazio, in which the game was not suspended and saw

masks: Bakayoko Bakayoko Bakayoko Bakayoko


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 Milan eliminated 1–0.Return to Monaco (loan)
On 31 August 2019, Bakayoko agreed to rejoin Ligue 1 club Monaco on loan until the end of the 2019–20 season, with an option to make the move permanent for a reported fee of €42.5 million. Napoli (loan)
On 6 October 2020, Bakayoko returned to Italy with Napoli on a season-long loan. He would play again for Gennaro Gattuso, the current manager of the club who was in charge of A.C. Milan when Bakayoko spent the 2018–19 season there. He made his debut for the club on 17 October 2020, as Napoli beat Atalanta 4–1 at home. On 10 January 2021, he scored his first goal for the club to grant Napoli a late win, 2–1 at home to Udinese. Return to Milan (loan)
On 30 August 2021, Bakayoko returned to Milan on a two-year loan until 2023 with an option to buy. On 11 December against Udinese, he started the match in the midfield alongside Bennacer, On the 17th minute, he failed to receive the latter's pass which was intercepted by Udinese players and ended in their only goal of the match which ended 1-1.On 22 December, he came on as substitute against Empoli, he gave the opponents a penalty after the ball touched his hand. International career
In 2014 he became the finalist of 2014 Toulon Tournament. He was approached by the Ivory Coast national team before he chose France in 2017. Bakayoko was called up to the senior France squad for the first time to face Luxembourg and Spain in March 2017 after Paul Pogba withdrew through injury. He made his debut on 28 March 2017 against the latter, replacing Adrien Rabiot at half-time of a 2–0 friendly home loss. Style of play
<mask> has been compared to Yaya Touré due to his strong all-round qualities of pace, intelligent reading of the game, ability to intercept passes and accomplished tackling, passing and dribbling, as well as being physically powerful and athletic. He plays as a centre midfielder in the centre of the pitch, breaking up attacks and making driving forward runs; as such, he has also been


texts:
 labelled a "box-to-box midfielder."Bakayoko's manager at Monaco, Leonardo Jardim, said: "He wins a lot of balls, brings balance to the team. He passes the ball well and wins his duels. That is Bakayoko's role." France manager Didier Deschamps described Bakayoko as "a complete midfielder", and said: "He has an important athletic presence, he's good at recovery, he scores decisive goals and is able to project himself." His manager at Milan, Gennaro Gattuso, said that Bakayoko plays as a deep-lying midfielder in an atypical way, because sometimes prefers to point and go past the opponent instead of launching the ball, so creating a numerical advantage in favor of his team. Personal life
Bakayoko is of Ivorian descent. In October 2020, controversy arose when it was discovered that Bakayoko, among a few other prominent French footballers liked a threatening Instagram post by ex-MMA fighter Khabib Nurmagomedov calling for "the Almighty to disfigure the face of this creature", referring to President of France Emmanuel Macron.The post was written by Khabib in reaction to the French President publicly condemning the recent murder of Samuel Paty. Career statistics

Club

International

Honours
Monaco
Ligue 1: 2016–17

Chelsea
FA Cup: 2017–18

Individual
UEFA Champions League Team of the Season: 2016–17

References

External links

Profile at the Chelsea F.C. website

1994 births
Living people
Footballers from Paris
French footballers
France youth international footballers
France under-21 international footballers
France international footballers
Association football midfielders
Stade Rennais F.C. players
AS Monaco FC players
Chelsea F.C. players
A.C. Milan players
S.S.C. Napoli players
Ligue 1 players
Premier League players
Serie A players
FA Cup Final players
French expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in England
Expatriate footballers in Italy
French expatriate sportspeople in England
French expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Black French sportspeople
French sportspeople of


texts:
<mask> (April 26, 1898 – December 8, 1936) (aged 38) was a Romanian-born American playwright and biographer who became known as the "King of the Gag-writers" in the early days of radio. Biography
<mask> was born in Botoşani, Romania, as the first child and only son of Sara and <mask>. Israel, a political refugee, immigrated with his young family to the United States in 1900, where four years later, <mask>'s sister Sophie became the first Freedman born in the U.S.

Freedman graduated from the City College of New York in 1918, the first in his family to complete a formal education beyond high school. In September 1918, he married Beatrice (née Rebecca Goodman), a fellow New Yorker, who was born in the city on September 27, 1899 (her parents had fled from Kishinev, Russian Empire). Within five years they had three sons, Benedict (1919–2012), <mask> (1922–2008), and Toby (1924–2011). A decade later their only daughter, who is now known as Laurie Hayden, arrived. From 1924 on, Freedman was a self-employed writer.He created sketches for musicals and had shows on Broadway almost every year from 1926 through 1937. His novel Mendel Marantz (1925) featured a Jewish father who frequently made witty remarks. His first play, Mendel, Inc., debuted in 1929. When radio replaced vaudeville, <mask>—who already enjoyed a reputation as a popular, versatile writer—was ready for the new medium. He was prolific, creating as many as six entertainment programs a week for several years, and eventually worked in movies as well. <mask> was also a biographer and wrote about industry

masks:
David Freedman
David Freedman
Israel Freedman
David
David Noel
Freedman
Freedman


texts:
 insiders. His first biography, the Eddie Cantor memoir My Life Is in Your Hands (1928, "as told to" Freedman by Cantor), became a bestseller.<mask> and Cantor collaborated on a biography of showman Florenz Ziegfeld; Ziegfeld: the Great Glorifier (1934) was used for the film Ziegfeld Follies (1945). Similarly, Phantom Fame which he co-authored with the impresario Harry Reichenbach (1931) became the basis for the movie The Half-Naked Truth (1932). In the mid-1930s <mask> contributed scripts for short comedies produced by Educational Pictures in New York. The best known is probably Blue Blazes (1936), starring Buster Keaton as an inept fireman. <mask> suffered a massive heart attack on the evening of Monday, December 7, 1936. By the morning of the 8th, he was dead, leaving Beatrice, his partner of 18 years, and their four children, who ranged in age from just under 17 to just under 2 years. Legacy

According to his son, <mask> <mask>, it is unlikely that contemporary audiences would appreciate most of <mask>'s work (though his jokes about the stock market still ring true), because most of his jokes played on the peculiarities and sensitivities of his era.<mask>'s stories, however, have a timeless quality. As the years passed, his family honored his memory with the posthumous publication of The Intellectual Lover (1940, repr. 2007), a collection of short stories that were originally published individually between 1922 and 1928. Of the countless pieces <mask> wrote between 1920 and 1936, Mendel, Inc. (1929) is the only fully realized play. A product of the

masks:
Freedman
Freedman
Freedman
David Noel
Freedman
David Freedman
Freedman
Freedman


texts:
 beginning of his brief career, it embodies the mature thoughts of a humorist/playwright. On June 2, 2004, this classic comedy about an immigrant Jewish family living in the uncertain times of 1929 of the Lower East Side was read to a packed house at the North Coast Repertory Theatre in Solana Beach, California. Mendel, Inc. was used as the basis for the 1932 Warner Brothers movie The Heart of New York.a vehicle for Jewish-dialect comedians Smith and Dale, with comedian George Sidney as Mendel Marantz. Four books by <mask> were translated into Russian and published by Ogonyok in 1926; they enjoyed tremendous popularity for a short period, and Mendel's witty "definitions" were quoted everywhere, but within a year they were eclipsed by the comic writings of Ilf and Petrov and Mikhail Zoshchenko, and soon were forgotten, although Anatoly Rybakov has a character quote Mendel in Children of the Arbat (set in 1933). His novel Mendel Marantz was republished as an audiobook in Russian in 2011, narrated by noted actors Klara Novikova, Leonid Kanevsky and others. A fictionalized version of <mask> appears as Harry Goldhandler in the novel Inside, Outside by Herman Wouk. Writings

Books

 The Intellectual Lover and Other Stories (1940 and 1986)
 Ziegfeld: the Great Glorifier (1934)
 Your Next President! (1932)
 Phantom Fame: The Anatomy of Ballyhoo (1931)
 Yoo-Hoo Prosperity! The Eddie Cantor Five-year Plan (1931)
 Between the Acts (1930)
 Caught Short!a Saga of Wailing Wall Street (1929)
 My Life Is in Your Hands (1928 and 2000)
 Mendel Marantz (1925 and

masks:
Freedman
David Freedman


texts:
 1986)

Shows
 Betsy
 Crazy Quilt
 Forward March
 Life Begins at 8:40
 Mendel, Inc. The Show is On
 Sweet and Low
 White Horse Inn
 Ziegfeld Follies of 1934
 Ziegfeld Follies of 1936
 Lucky Fred

Movies

 Ziegfeld Follies
 The Half Naked Truth
The Heart of New York
 Palmy Days

References

Sources
Auerbach, Arnold, Funny Men Don't Laugh (Doubleday, NY, 1965); this book is a memoir, largely covering Auerbach's period of apprenticeship with <mask>, but the name "Lou Jacobs" is substituted in place of "<mask>"
Bercovici, Konrad, introduction to The Intellectual Lover and Other Stories by <mask>. Morris Buckley, Patricia, "Long-lost Play Resurrected for Jewish Arts Festival", North County Times, May 26, 2004. Additional sources include the credits listed in the items in the Select Anthology and confirmation of the contents of this article by Herman Wouk (December 2004, Palm Springs, CA), <mask> <mask> (December 2004, La Jolla, CA, and other members of the <mask> family in 2005), and members of the Cantor family (2006). External links
 <mask>dman.info
  The Internet Movie Database entry for <mask>

1898 births
1936 deaths
American people of Romanian-Jewish descent
20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
American humorists
20th-century American biographers
American male biographers
American musical theatre librettists
Jewish American dramatists and playwrights
People from Botoșani
Romanian emigrants to the United States
American male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
20th-century

masks:
Freedman
David Freedman
David Freedman
David Noel
Freedman
Freedman
David Free
David Freedman


texts: <mask> (February 1, 1881 – September 15, 1964) was an American film actor. He appeared in more than 120 films between 1915 and 1950. Scudda Hay!


texts:
<mask>, , née Young (11 August 1922 – 18 February 2014), was a Canadian writer who spent much of her life and career in France. Best known as a short story writer, she also published novels, plays and essays. Personal life
Gallant was born in Montreal, Quebec, the only child of Albert Stewart Roy de Trafford Young, a Canadian furniture salesman and painter who was the son of an officer in the British Army, and his wife, Benedictine Wiseman. Young died in 1932 of kidney disease, and his widow soon remarried and moved to New York, leaving their daughter behind with a guardian. Gallant did not learn of her father's death for several years and later told The New York Times: "I had a mother who should not have had children, and it's as simple as that." Gallant was educated at 17 public, private, and convent schools in the United States and Canada. She spent most of the years 1935–1940 in and around New York City, the setting for many of her earlier stories.She married <mask>, a Winnipeg musician, in 1942. The couple divorced in 1947. According to Gallant's biographer, the marriage was "briefer than the dates suggest since her husband was in the armed forces overseas for much of the time". Career
In her 20s, Gallant briefly worked for the National Film Board before taking a job as a reporter for the Montreal Standard (1944–1950). While working for the Standard, she published some of her early short stories, both in the newspaper and in the magazines Preview and Northern Review. Gallant left journalism in 1950 to pursue fiction

masks:
Mavis Leslie de Trafford Gallant
John Gallant


texts: writing full-time. She moved to Europe with the hope of being able to work exclusively as a writer rather than supporting herself with other work, and lived briefly in Spain before settling in Paris, France, where she resided for the remainder of her life.Despite residing in Paris, Gallant never surrendered her Canadian citizenship nor applied for French citizenship. Her first internationally published short story, "Madeline's Birthday", appeared in the September 1, 1951 issue of The New Yorker. The magazine soon published other stories of hers, including "One Morning in June" and "The Picnic". She did not initially know these later stories had been accepted by the magazine, as her literary agent, Jacques Chambrun, pocketed her $1,535 in royalties and told her the magazine had declined her stories, while simultaneously lying about her residence to the magazine so they could not contact her directly; she discovered that she had been published only upon seeing her name in the magazine while reading it in a library, and thus established her longstanding relationship with the magazine by directly contacting and befriending New Yorker fiction editor William Maxwell. Chambrun had also embezzled money from W. Somerset Maugham, Ben Hecht, Grace Metalious, and Jack Schaefer, among others. She published 116 stories in The New Yorker throughout her career, putting her in the same league as John Cheever or John Updike. Alongside Alice Munro, Gallant is one of only a few Canadian authors whose works have regularly appeared in the


texts: magazine.She wrote two novels, Green Water, Green Sky (1959) and A Fairly Good Time (1970); a play, What Is to Be Done? (1984); numerous celebrated collections of stories, The Other Paris (1956), My Heart Is Broken (1964), The Pegnitz Junction (1973), The End of the World and Other Stories (1974), From the Fifteenth District (1979), Home Truths: Selected Canadian Stories (1981), Overhead in a Balloon: Stories of Paris (1985), In Transit (1988) and Across the Bridge (1993); and a non-fiction work, Paris Notebooks: Selected Essays and Reviews (1986). Numerous new collections of stories from the earlier books, including The Selected Stories of Mavis Gallant (1996), Paris Stories (2002) and Varieties of Exile (2003), were also released in the 1990s and 2000s. The Cost of Living (2009) collected stories from throughout her career, which had been published in literary magazines but not in earlier collections. Her "Linnet Muir" series of stories, which appeared in several of her books before being collected in their entirety in Home Truths, are her most explicitly semi-autobiographical works. Throughout Gallant's early career, Canadian literary critics often wrote of her as being unfairly overlooked in Canada because of her expatriate status; prior to the 1970s, in fact, her books were not picked up by Canadian publishers at all, and were available only as rare and expensive American imports until Macmillan of Canada bought publication rights to From the Fifteenth District. According to journalist Robert Fulford, the neglect flowed


texts: in both directions, as Gallant did not actually undertake any serious effort to secure a Canadian publisher until Macmillan editor Douglas Gibson approached her in the late 1970s.The Canadian publication of From the Fifteenth District did not initially quell the criticism, however, as the book failed to garner a shortlisted nomination for the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction despite being widely regarded as her greatest work. In response, Gibson compiled Home Truths: Selected Canadian Stories, a collection of previously published stories selected to highlight the Canadian themes and settings present in her work. That volume won the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction in 1981. She only rarely granted interviews until 2006, when she participated in two television documentaries: one in English for Bravo! Canada, Paris Stories: The Writing of <mask> Gallant, and one in French as part of the series CONTACT, l'encyclopédie de la création, hosted by Canadian broadcaster Stéphan Bureau. Gallant was honored at Symphony Space in New York City on November 1, 2006, in an event for Selected Shorts—fellow authors Russell Banks, Jhumpa Lahiri and Michael Ondaatje honoured her and read excerpts from her work, and Gallant herself made a rare personal appearance, reading one of her short stories in its entirety. Gallant's private journals are slated for publication by McClelland and Stewart and Knopf, with the first volume covering the period from 1952 to 1969.Some excerpts from the diaries have already


texts:
 been published by The New Yorker beginning in 2012. Gallant was candid about her desire for autonomy and privacy. In an interview with Geoff Hancock in Canadian Fiction magazine in 1978, she discussed her "life project" and her deliberate move to France to write by saying, "I have arranged matters so that I would be free to write. It's what I like doing." In the preface to her collection Home Truths: Selected Canadian Stories (1981), she used the words of Boris Pasternak as her epigraph: "Only personal independence matters." Death
Gallant died, aged 91, on February 18, 2014. Critical assessment
Grazia Merler observes in her book, Mavis Gallant: Narrative Patterns and Devices, that "Psychological character development is not the heart of <mask> Gallant's stories, nor is plot.Specific situation development and reconstruction of the state of mind or of heart is, however, the main objective." Frequently, Gallant's stories focus on expatriate men and women who have come to feel lost or isolated; marriages that have grown flimsy or shabby; lives that have faltered and now hover in the shadowy area between illusion, self-delusion, and reality. Because of her heritage and understanding of Acadian history, she is often compared to Antonine Maillet, considered to be a spokesperson for Acadian culture in Canada. In her critical book Reading Mavis Gallant, Janice Kulyk Keefer says: "Gallant is a writer who dazzles us with her command of the language, her innovative use of narrative forms, the acuity of her intelligence, and the


texts:
 incisiveness of her wit. Yet she also disconcerts us with her insistence on the constrictions and limitations that dominate human experience." In a review of her work in Books in Canada in 1978, Geoff Hancock asserts that "<mask> Gallant's fiction is among the finest ever written by a Canadian. But, like buried treasure, both the author and her writing are to discover."In the Canadian Reader, Robert Fulford writes: "One begins comparing her best moments to those of major figures in literary history. Names like Henry James, Chekhov, and George Eliot dance across the mind." Depiction of fascism
Fascism is a recurring subject in Gallant's stories. She once described her 1973 collection The Pegnitz Junction as "a book about where fascism came from . . . not the historical causes of Fascism—just its small possibilities in people." Critics have also singled out Gallant's later story "Speck's Idea" (1979) as offering a sustained engagement with the psychological appeal of fascism. The story, which is Gallant's most widely anthologized work and has been called "arguably her masterpiece," depicts an art dealer in 1970s France who seems to slowly embrace fascism.At the same time, there are details in the story that seem to undermine his association with fascist ideology. According to critic Andy Lamey, the protagonist of "Speck's Idea" should indeed be viewed as a fascist, "but of a particular, non-ideological type." In the 1970s, France was undergoing a debate about the country's collaboration with its Nazi occupiers during World War


texts:
 II. Lamey offers historical material to suggest that Gallant's story is informed by this debate. He characterizes "Speck's Idea" as a "dramatization of how a segment of the French population, which its central character represents, could tolerate and condone fascism for reasons other than a deep attraction to fascist ideas. These reasons include indifference and self-interest. Gallant's protagonist ultimately illustrates how fascism drew not merely on ideological, but also on opportunistic, motivations."Bibliography

Novellas and short stories
 The Other Paris (Houghton Mifflin, 1956). My Heart Is Broken: Eight Stories and a Short Novel (Random House, 1964). The Pegnitz Junction: A Novella and Five Short Stories (1973, )
 The End of the World and Other Stories (1974, )
 From the Fifteenth District: A Novella and Eight Short Stories (1979, )
 Home Truths: Selected Canadian Stories (1981, )
Overhead in a Balloon: Stories of Paris (1985, )
 In Transit: Twenty Stories (1988, )
Across the Bridge: Stories (1993, )
 The Moslem Wife and Other Stories (1994, )

Compilations

The Collected Stories of <mask> Gallant (1996, Random House, ); The Selected Stories of <mask> Gallant (1996, McClelland & Stewart, ). Paris Stories (2002, New York Review Books, )
Varieties of Exile (2003, New York Review Books, ); Montreal Stories (2004, McClelland & Stewart, ). Going Ashore: Stories (2009, McClelland & Stewart, ). 31 previously uncollected stories. The Cost of Living: Early and Uncollected Stories (2009, New York Review Books, ).19 stories from

masks: Mavis Mavis


texts:
 Going Ashore, and an additional story, "Rose". Novels
 Green Water, Green Sky (Houghton Mifflin, 1959). A Fairly Good Time (Random House, 1970). Plays
 What Is to Be Done?, 1983 ()

Non-fiction
 Paris Notebooks: Essays and Reviews, 1986 ()

Awards and honors
In 1981, Gallant was named an Officer of the Order of Canada for her contribution to literature. She was promoted to Companion of the Order in 1993. In 1983-84, she returned to Canada to be the writer-in-residence at the University of Toronto. In 1989, Gallant was made a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.Queen's University awarded her an honorary LL.D. in 1991, and the Quebec Writers' Federation Awards committee has named its annual non-fiction literary award in her honor. She served on the jury of the Giller Prize in 1997. In 2000, Gallant won the Matt Cohen Prize, and in 2002 she received the Rea Award for the Short Story. The O. Henry Prize Stories of 2003 was dedicated to her. In 2004, Gallant was awarded a Lannan Literary Fellowship as well as a PEN/Nabokov Award. On November 8, 2006, Gallant received the Prix Athanase-David from the government of her native province of Quebec.She was the first author writing in English to receive this award in its 38 years of existence. In popular culture
In 2018, the Pakistani-American author Sadia Shepard was accused of having copied Gallant's short story "The Ice Wagon Coming Down the Street" in her story "Foreign-Returned". Director Wes Anderson based one of the stories in his 2021 film The


texts:
 French Dispatch on "The Events in May: A Paris Notebook", a two-part New Yorker story written by Gallant. A fictional reporter inspired by Gallant was portrayed in the film by actress Frances McDormand. References

External links

1922 births
2014 deaths
Canadian women novelists
Canadian women journalists
Companions of the Order of Canada
Writers from Paris
Writers from Montreal
Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature
Anglophone Quebec people
University of Toronto people
Prix Athanase-David winners
Governor General's Award-winning fiction writers
PEN/Nabokov Award winners
20th-century Canadian women writers
21st-century Canadian women writers
20th-century Canadian novelists
Canadian expatriates in France
Canadian newspaper journalists
Canadian women dramatists and playwrights
20th-century Canadian dramatists and playwrights
Canadian women essayists
Canadian people of Romanian descent
Canadian people of English descent
Canadian women short story writers
20th-century Canadian short story writers
21st-century Canadian short story writers
20th-century Canadian essayists
21st-century Canadian essayists
Canadian expatriate writers
Members of the American Academy of Arts and


texts:
<mask> (born March 7, 1971) is an American serial killer, sex offender, and mass murderer convicted of murdering seven people in South Carolina between 2003 and 2016. Early life
<mask> was born on March 7, 1971, in Florida, and was raised in South Carolina and Georgia. His parents divorced when he was two years old, his mother got custody and married another man the following year. Later psychological reports found that Kohlhepp had an unhealthy relationship with his stepfather and often wanted to live with his biological father, whom he had not seen in eight years. <mask> was described as a troublesome child. In nursery school, he was known to be aggressive toward other children and would destroy their property. At the age of nine, when he started undergoing counseling, <mask> was described as being "explosive" and "preoccupied with sexual content".He also displayed cruelty to animals, shooting a dog with a BB gun and killing a goldfish with Clorox bleach. <mask>'s father later said the only emotion his son was capable of was anger. <mask> spent three and a half months in a Georgia psychiatric hospital as an inpatient because of his inability to get along with other children. Eventually, in 1983, <mask> was sent to live with his biological father in Arizona after his mother and stepfather separated. He took his father's surname and began working a number of local jobs. He also inherited his father's hobby of collecting weapons and was taught by him to "blow things up and make bombs". Despite this, their relationship deteriorated due to his father's absence with a number of girlfriends, and <mask> expressed desires to return to his mother, though she reportedly made excuses to extend his stay.1987 kidnapping conviction
On November 25, 1986, 15-year-old <mask> kidnapped a 14-year-old girl in Tempe, Arizona. He threatened her with a .22-caliber revolver, brought her back to his home, tied her up, taped her mouth shut, and raped her. Afterwards, he walked her home and threatened to kill her younger siblings if she told anyone about what had happened. <mask> was charged with kidnapping, sexual

masks:
Todd Christopher Kohlhepp
Todd Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp


texts:
 assault, and committing a dangerous crime against children. In 1987, he pled guilty to the kidnapping charge and the other charges were dropped. He was sentenced to fifteen years in prison and registered as a sex offender. According to court records, <mask> was diagnosed with borderline personality disorder and had an above average IQ of 118.The judge in the case said <mask> was "very bright and should be advanced academically", but "behaviorally and emotionally dangerous" and likely could not be rehabilitated. <mask>'s probation officer wrote a similar description in court papers and added that he "felt the world owed him something". <mask>'s attorney in that case later went on to say that, while defending him "he did not believe his client would go on to harm others" in the future. During his imprisonment, <mask> was initially cited for violations that included some violent behavior; after turning twenty, however, he had no other records of disobedience. Release
In August 2001, <mask> was released from prison after serving fourteen years and moved to South Carolina, where his mother was living. During his imprisonment, he attended and graduated from Central Arizona College with a bachelor's degree in computer science. From January 2002 to November 2003, he worked as a graphic designer for a company in Spartanburg.He began studying at Greenville Technical College in 2003. <mask> transferred to the University of South Carolina Upstate the following year, and graduated in 2008 with a Bachelor of Science degree in business administration-marketing. Despite being registered as a sex offender, <mask> was able to get a real estate license on June 30, 2006, after lying about the felony charge on his application. From this, he built a firm that had a dozen agents in its employ. He had been recognized as a top-selling agent in the Carolina region. The firm was closed down following his arrest. <mask> also acquired a private pilot license and several properties out of state.In May 2014, he purchased nearly  of land, located in an area nine miles (fourteen kilometers) from the community of Moore,

masks: Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp


texts:
 for $305,632. He then set a fence around the property, which cost $80,000. A customer who sold her home to <mask> remembered him as extremely outgoing and professional, but noted that he would often talk about his firearms and sometimes subtly used sexual innuendo during their conversations. Conversely, a woman who assisted one of Kohlhepp's employees described him as angry and condescending towards her partner. A banker who worked with <mask> said he often watched pornographic videos, even at work. <mask> frequented a Waffle House restaurant in Roebuck, where his behavior disturbed the waitresses to the point where the male cook began to take <mask>'s orders for them. According to this employee, one of the waitresses was Meagan Leigh McCraw-Coxie, one of <mask>'s victims.Murders
On November 6, 2003, a customer found four people shot dead inside Superbike Motorsports, a motorcycle shop in Chesnee. The victims were identified as owner Scott Ponder, 30; service manager Brian Lucas, 29; mechanic Chris Sherbert, 26; and bookkeeper Beverly Guy, 52, who was Ponder's mother. All four died from multiple gunshot wounds. Before <mask> confessed to the shootings in 2016, investigators believed that the gunman, armed with a pistol, entered the shop from the back and killed Sherbert as he worked. He then killed Guy in the middle of the showroom, Lucas at the main doorway, and Ponder in the parking lot. According to Ponder's wife, <mask> was a disgruntled customer who had been in the shop several times. According to <mask>'s mother, he attempted to return a motorcycle there, but the employees laughed at him, would not return the money he had paid for the motorcycle, and embarrassed him for not knowing how to ride one.On August 31, 2016, Kala Brown, 30, and her boyfriend Charles David Carver, 32, went missing after they went to clean <mask>'s residence. Carver was later found dead of multiple gunshots on Kohlhepp's property. Interest in the disappearance of Brown and Carver increased as a result of posts on Carver's Facebook account following their disappearance, the unusual nature of which prompted


texts:
 speculation that another party had taken control of his Facebook account. On November 3, Brown was found by authorities, chained to the wall inside a metal storage container on the property. Investigators had tracked her down after tracing the couple's last known cellphone signals, after which they heard banging noises coming from inside the container. A search of Kohlhepp's property recovered Carver's vehicle, which was found in a ravine covered in brush. According to Brown, she witnessed Carver being shot by <mask>.<mask>'s mother claimed Carver was killed for having a "really smart mouth", which <mask> did not like. He also said he kept Brown captive because she did not do anything wrong and that he did not want to hurt her. However, Brown stated to police just after her rescue that Kohlhepp had killed Carver because Kohlhepp was "mad at her". During her captivity, Brown was raped repeatedly, and intimidated into not escaping after having been shown the graves of <mask>'s other victims. Two bodies were discovered on <mask>'s property following his arrest, on November 6–7. They were later identified as husband and wife Johnny Joe Coxie, 29, and Meagan Leigh McCraw-Coxie, 26, residents of Spartanburg who were reported missing on December 22, 2015. They were allegedly hired by <mask> to work on his property.McCraw-Coxie had been killed by a gunshot wound to the head on December 25 or 26, while Coxie had been killed a week earlier by a gunshot wound to the torso. According to the county coroner, they were identified through their extensive tattoos. List of known victims

Arrest and investigation
<mask> was arrested shortly after Brown's rescue. He later confessed to the Chesnee shootings and the murders of the Coxies, in exchange for allowing him to talk to his mother, give her a photograph, and transfer money to the college fund of a friend's child. While meeting with his mother, he reportedly confessed to the killings and kidnapping. When he confessed to the Chesnee shootings, <mask> said he shot each of the victims once in the forehead, a detail in the investigation that was never

masks: Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp Kohlhepp


texts: released to the public. A search of <mask>'s property also uncovered numerous weapons, including 9mm pistols outfitted with suppressors, semi-automatic rifles, and an undetermined amount of ammunition.Because there was no record of a background check under <mask>'s name for the purchase of a firearm, investigators believe he likely acquired the weapons illegally. Shortly following <mask>'s arrest, authorities in Spartanburg County discovered a number of seemingly joking product reviews for various items such as padlocks, shovels, tasers, and gun accessories on retail website Amazon.com written by a user known simply as "me". One review about a padlock stated, "solid locks.. have 5 on a shipping container.. wont stop them.. but sure will slow them down til they are too old to care." Another, written for a folding shovel, read, "keep in car for when you have to hide the bodies and you left the full size shovel at home.... does not come with a midget, which would have been nice." The reviewer's "wish list" page was listed as <mask>. Following his arrest, <mask> claimed to his mother that there were many other victims aside from the aforementioned. When his mother asked how many, his response was, "You do not have enough fingers."During interrogation, he claimed to have shot a victim in Arizona. On November 18, 2016, it was reported that the Tempe Police Department had begun an investigation into <mask>'s claim, searching through unsolved homicides in the past three decades. They said they would focus on cases dated from 1983 to 1986, when <mask> was living with his father; and also between August 2001, when <mask> completed his sentence for kidnapping, and November 2001, when he moved back to South Carolina. On November 25, 2016, police in Greer, South Carolina, announced that they had named <mask> as a person of interest in an unsolved 2003 bank robbery and triple homicide at the local Blue Ridge Savings Bank. This crime was separated from the Chesnee shootings by six months. However, as of May 16, 2018, no definitive link between <mask> and the killings was established, and <mask> has

masks:
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Todd Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
Kohlhepp
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 denied any involvement in the case. In December 2017, <mask> wrote to the Spartanburg Herald-Journal claiming that he had more victims who have not been discovered.Legal proceedings and guilty pleas
<mask> was charged with four counts of murder in relation to the Chesnee shootings, and one count of kidnapping in relation to Brown's abduction. He was later charged with three additional counts of murder for the murders of Carver and the Coxies, along with one additional count of kidnapping and three counts of possession of a weapon during the commission of a violent crime. <mask>'s next court appearance was scheduled for January 19, 2017, where <mask>'s attorney waived their right to appearance. According to a report by WLTX, relatives of the Chesnee shooting victims filed a wrongful death lawsuit against him. On December 1, it was announced that Brown also filed a civil lawsuit against him. On May 26, 2017, <mask> pleaded guilty to seven counts of murder, two counts of kidnapping and one count of criminal sexual assault and was sentenced to seven consecutive life sentences without the possibility of parole in a plea bargain that spared him from capital punishment. Although his defense swore at his sentencing that there were no other victims to be found, <mask> has since repeatedly admitted there were at least two other murders.As of August 2018, he has yet to give authorities the details. <mask> is currently imprisoned in the Broad River Correctional Institution. In August 2020, some of <mask>'s belongings went to auction and the proceeds were donated to the victims' families. See also
 List of serial killers in the United States
 List of serial killers by number of victims

References

Notes

1971 births
Living people
21st-century American criminals
American male criminals
American mass murderers
American rapists
American real estate brokers
American serial killers
Male serial killers
Criminals from South Carolina
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by South Carolina
University of South Carolina Upstate alumni
People with borderline personality disorder

External links
 Buried


texts:
<mask>, <mask>,  (28 March 1935 – 17 April 2021) was a British Labour politician. He was a Senior Fellow of Saferworld NGO from 1994 to 2002, and from 2002 to 2015, a trustee. In 2007, he became a member of the Advisory Board at the Centre for Human Rights, and from 2014 to 2015, a member of the Commission on Diplomacy, at the London School of Economics. He was a member of the Unite and GMB trade unions. Early life
<mask> was born in Sutton in March 1935, the son of the late <mask>, CBE and <mask> (née Ashcroft), a JP. He was educated at the City of London School and the London School of Economics. At the age of 15, he joined the Labour Party, influenced by his mother's activism in the party and his father's internationalism.From 1957 to 1959, <mask> was on a Short Service Commission in the Royal Air Force's Education Branch. He became Secretary-General of the International Voluntary Service in 1960, and is credited with overseeing a significant period of expansion for the organisation. In 1966, <mask> left his position at IVS to begin a career in politics. Political career
<mask> contested the safe Conservative seat of Sutton and Cheam in 1959 (where his mother Helen had been the Labour candidate in 1945) and the marginal Portsmouth West in 1964, losing to the Conservative incumbent by just 497 votes. He became a Member of Parliament in 1966, after gaining Portsmouth West for Labour, in a general election which saw his party win a large majority in the House of Commons. The following year, he was made Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) to the Minister of Housing and Local Government, a role he held until 1970. He narrowly held his seat at that year's general election, by just 955 votes, although Labour lost power to the Conservatives nationally.<mask> became PPS to the Leader of the Opposition, former prime minister Harold Wilson, holding this role from 1970 to 1972. He was a member of the British Parliamentary Delegation to the Council of Europe and the Western European Union from 1970

masks:
Frank Ashcroft Judd
Baron Judd
Frank Ashcroft Judd
Charles Judd
Helen Osborn Judd
Judd
Judd
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Judd


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 to 1973. In 1972, he joined Labour's Front Bench Defence Team, remaining there until 1974. At the February 1974 general election, <mask> stood for the new seat of Portsmouth North, created from parts of his old seat, winning it with a majority of only 320 votes. The election saw Labour return to government, and <mask> became Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Defence (Navy) at the Ministry of Defence, remaining in the post until 1976. That year, he was made Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Ministry of Overseas Development and became the Minister of State for that department, serving until the following year. From 1977 to 1979, he was the Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs.When the government lost a vote of no confidence, a new general election was called in 1979, in which Labour were defeated by the Conservatives. In line with this national swing, <mask> lost his seat to the Conservative Peter Griffiths. <mask> was made a life peer on 10 June 1991 with the title <mask>, of Portsea in the County of Hampshire. In the Lords, he was opposition front bench spokesperson on foreign affairs (1991 to 1992), and on defence (1995 to 1997). He was also principal spokesperson on education (1992 to 1994) and overseas development co-operation (1994 to 1997). <mask> was a member of several committees in Parliament, including the Joint Committee on Human Rights from 2003 to 2007. He was again a member of the Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly from 1997 to 2005, where he became rapporteur on Chechnya (from 1999 to 2004) and visited Grozny several times.<mask> was interviewed in 2012 as part of The History of Parliament's oral history project. From 2015 to 2019, he was a member of the EU Justice Sub Committee. Outside Parliament
<mask> was Director of Voluntary Service Overseas from 1980 to 1985, and Oxfam from 1985 to 1991. In 1990 and 1991, he was chairman of the World Economic Forum Conference in Geneva on the future of South Africa. In 1996, he became

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Judd
Judd
Judd
Judd
Baron Judd
Judd
Judd
Judd


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 National President of YMCA England, a role he held until 2005. From 2002 to 2012, he was President of the Friends of the Royal Navy Museum in Portsmouth, and was latterly its Honorary Life Vice-President. He was also active in the Friends of the Lake District as its President (2005–12), becoming a Patron in 2012, and in the governance of a number of universities.In 2013, he became a Life Member of the Court of Newcastle University. <mask> was a governor at LSE from 1982 to 2012, later being made Governor Emeritus. Honours
In 1995, <mask> became a Freeman of the City of Portsmouth. He was made an Honorary Fellow of the University of Portsmouth (formerly Portsmouth Polytechnic) in 1978, and the University of Lancaster in 2015. He received honorary doctorates from a number of universities: Bradford University in 1987, Portsmouth in 1997, De Montfort in 2006 (DLitt) and Greenwich in1999 (LLD). In 1988, he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. Personal life and death
In 1961, <mask> married Christine Elizabeth Willington; they had two daughters.His recreations were listed in Who's Who as "relaxing in the countryside, family holidays, enjoying music, opera, theatre and film". He was a member of the Royal Over-Seas League club. He died in April 2021 at the age of 86. Publications

 Radical Future, 1967 (co-author)
 Fabian International Essays, 1970
 Purpose in Socialism, 1973
 Our Global Neighbourhood, 1995 (co-author)
 Imagining Tomorrow: rethinking the global challenge, 2000 (co-author)

<mask> also wrote articles and papers about current affairs. References

Times Guide to the House of Commons 1979

External links

 Interview with the History of Parliament oral history project

1935 births
2021 deaths
Alumni of the London School of Economics
Chairs of the Fabian Society
Labour Party (UK) life peers
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
People educated at the City of London School
Politics of Portsmouth
UK MPs 1966–1970
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
YMCA

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<mask> (May 12, 1951 – June 29, 2015) was a Czechoslovak serial killer who was convicted of five murders. Life

Youth
<mask> studied at an agricultural school and graduated in 1970. He worked at the Czechoslovak State Railways as a junior railroad engineer, train operator, worker at a heat-only boiler station, woodcutter and zootechnician. He married in 1973, his son being born the following year (he died in a traffic incident in 2012). In the late eighties of the 20th century, he briefly worked for the Jehovah's Witnesses. However, his expectations were not fulfilled, so he left before the revolution began and devoted himself to mysticism and occultism. He later extended his religious engagement to the Catholic Church.When his crimes were investigated, he demanded the testimony of cardinal Miloslav Vlk and Abbot of the Brevnov Monastery Jan Anastáz Opasek. See below. Murders
In 1991, <mask> rented a cottage at Čachrov called Fairy Tales. There he kept hens and pigs. He met there with František Heppner, who wanted to build a water saw. But in December 1991, Heppner disappeared with his Russian girlfriend. The reason for their disappearance was supposedly their departure to Germany.Nothing was suspected until <mask> began using their vehicle and sold their furniture. In addition, one of his sons supposedly said that his father killed both of them and had given their bodies to the pigs. The son recanted his claims in court. The court therefore ruled out that if the missing bodies can not be found, it can not be ruled out that those people lived. On July 26, 1992, taxi driver Vladimir Strnad disappeared. He was last seen with <mask>, both leaving Prague

masks:
Ivan Roubal
Ivan Roubal
Roubal
Roubal
Roubal


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 and driving their respective cars. The body was dumped in a septic tank in Zákupy.The following day, <mask> began to drive two cars. The body was found on May 25, 1993, being in such an advanced stage of decay that it was impossible to ascertain the cause of death. On December 10, 1992, Václav Horký, a bijou salesman, disappeared. After his disappearance, <mask> started using his vehicle and tried to sell his house. To this day, Horký has not been located. In 1995, the court declared him dead in absentia. On May 26, 1993, <mask> became acquainted with Josef Suchánek through classified advertising.He killed him and threw his body in a pond in Veselí nad Lužnicí. His apartment was then robbed. The body was not found until October 3 of the same year when the pond was drained. On November 12, 1993, Václav Dlouhý, who made a living through selling porn movies, was found dead in his apartment in Letňany. He was hogtied and the apartment was again robbed. <mask> later defended himself saying that Dlouhý regularly engaged in sadomasochistic practises. On March 8, 1994, <mask> committed his last murders.In the evening he came to the ZAPAP car rental office, which was located in the basement of Pod Zvonařkou 2238/4, Prague 2, where he met the owner Petr Kudrna, Peter Magdolen and the occasional visitor of the taxi driver Jiří Semerád. He tied them all together with their legs around their necks. He then robbed the office and disappeared. Kudrna and Magdolen were strangled with the weight of their own legs, but Semerád managed to get out of the bondage and call the police. On March 30, <mask> was arrested. Conviction
The trial began in 1996. Many scandals

masks: Roubal Roubal Roubal Roubal Roubal Roubal


texts: surrounded it, one of them being that Judge Jiří Horký forgot to prolong <mask>'s detention and he had to be released on September 30, 1997 from the remand prison.Horký's mistake was fixed by police officers who arrested <mask> for suspicion of other crimes (death threats to witnesses, members of the Prison Service and prosecutors) before the prison gates in front of television cameras. In addition, it was suspected that <mask> would flee to Switzerland (there was a request for asylum lodged there). For misconduct, the judge was later punished by a disciplinary panel of the High Court with a twenty percent reduction in salary. In 1998, <mask> was cleared from the murder charges and sentenced to five years in jail for robberies at the ZAPAP car rental. Semerád, the survivor, was unable to determine if he was the killer. The end of the trial was accompanied by extensive security measures. Shortly before the judgment of <mask>, in the same courtroom two defendants were almost kidnapped.In the final speech, a public prosecutor who had asked for life for <mask>, announced anonymously that there was an explosive in the courthouse. The building was cleared and searched. It was only after an hour and a half that negotiations could continue. <mask> has repeatedly accused the police and justice of conspiracy, and even handed a copy of the letter to President Václav Havel to the judges in which he filed a motion to prosecute the Minister of Justice Vlasta Parkanová.<mask> himself described himself as "the life prisoner of Havel's conscience", and he has signed hundreds of complaints. He also has asked the court to bring cardinal Miloslav Vlk and Abbot of the

masks: Roubal Roubal Roubal Roubal Roubal Roubal Roubal Roubal


texts:
 Břevnov Monastery Jan Anastáz Opasek in his case. <mask> continually denied any responsibility, but the court recognized him as guilty of the murders of Kudrna and Magdolen, for which he was sentenced to 22 years in 1999. He was later convicted of the murders of Suchánek, Strnad and Dlouhý (he was not charged for Heppner, his Russian girlfriend or Horký because their bodies were never found, and if ever found, the sentence would not change) and was sentenced to life imprisonment in 2000.<mask> stayed in jail with constant complaints. In 2010, he sued the VZP insurance company for refusing to provide self-supporting stockings for varicose veins. He also accused the prison service which, according to him, gave him improper treatment worsening his state of health. After each defendant, he claimed 200 thousand crowns as compensation. He also filed a lawsuit with the Ministry of Justice that the prison service had improperly imposed a five-day isolation on his prison service, allegedly not being able to get a job, so he could make money for special medical aids and alleged walking. His complaints were rejected in November 2012. With his murders, <mask> was one of the leading serial killers in the Czech Republic.Psychiatrists have found that <mask>'s IQ is 112. He died in jail in Karviná on June 29, 2015. See also
 List of serial killers by country

References

Literature

 Jaromír Slušný: Black Book of Czech Bestial Assassins, XYZ, Prague 2006, , pg. 160-176

External links

 The Museum of Evil - <mask> Case Miniseries
 <mask> at vrazi.cz

1951 births
2015 deaths
Czech serial killers
Czechoslovak serial killers
Male serial killers
Serial killers who died

masks:
Roubal
Roubal
Roubal
Roubal
Ivan Roubaloubal
Ivan Roubal


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<mask> (born Thomas Kane Tulley; August 21, 1908 – April 27, 1982) was an American actor. He began his career in radio and on the stage before making his film debut in Northern Pursuit (1943). Subsequently, he was nominated for an Academy Award for his supporting role in The Caine Mutiny (1954). In 1960, <mask> was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the film industry. Early years
<mask> was born in Durango in southwestern Colorado, the son of Thomas H. Tulley and Victoria Lenore Day Tulley. He served in the United States Navy, was a private pilot, and worked as a reporter for the Denver Post in Denver, before he entered acting with the expectation of better pay. Career

Stage
Tully debuted on Broadway in Call Me Ziggy (1937).His other Broadway credits include The Sun Field (1942), The Strings, My Lord, Are False (1942), Jason (1942), Ah, Wilderness! (1941), The Time of Your Life (1940), Night Music (1940), The Time of Your Life (1939), The White Steed (1939), and Chalked Out (1937). Radio
In the era of old-time radio, <mask> had the lead role of Joe in the serial Home of the Brave. He also played Jim Carroll in the serial Life Begins, Uncle Willie in the comedy My Mother's Husband, and Charles Martin in the serial Stella Dallas. He was a frequent guest actor on Gunsmoke, portraying a wide range of parts. Film
<mask>'s Hollywood film career spanned from the early 1940s until 1973. After a brief appearance in the film Carefree (1938), he next appeared in I'll Be Seeing You (1944) as the

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Tom Tully
Tully
Tully
Tully
Tully


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 father of Shirley Temple's character.He received an Academy Award nomination for Actor in a Supporting Role for portraying the first commander of the Caine in the 1954 drama The Caine Mutiny, with Humphrey Bogart. His last feature film role was as a crooked gun dealer in Don Siegel's crime film Charley Varrick (1973), with Walter Matthau. Television
From 1954 through 1960, he played the role of police Inspector Matt Grebb on the CBS police drama, The Lineup, with co-star Warner Anderson. In repeats, The Lineup was known as San Francisco Beat. He made two appearances as Rob Petrie's (Dick Van Dyke) father on CBS's The Dick Van Dyke Show in 1964 and 1966. This role reunited <mask> with Jerry Paris from The Caine Mutiny. He also was a guest star on the Andy Griffith show during the seventh season.He played Walt, the milkman in the Episode, "Goodbye, Dolly." In 1962, he appeared on the NBC modern western series, Empire in the role of <mask> in the episode "Long Past, Long Remembered." Richard Jordan appeared in this episode too as Jay Bee Fowler. The series starred Richard Egan as New Mexico rancher Jim Redigo. In 1963, he was cast as Danny Mundt in "A Taste for Pineapple" of the ABC  crime drama, The Untouchables. That same year he portrayed Jethro Tate in "Who Killed Billy Jo?" on another ABC crime drama, Burke's Law, with Gene Barry.In 1964, <mask> had two appearances on CBS's Perry Mason. The first was as defendant Carey York in "The Case of the Arrogant Arsonist;" the second was as murder victim Harvey Scott in "The Case of the

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Tom Cole
Tully


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 Nautical Knot." During the 1966 season of ABC's Shane western series, he made 17 appearances as <mask>. <mask> also guest starred twice in the western TV series Bonanza: in the 1965 episode "The Dilemma" as Sundown Davis and in the 1967 episode "The Sure Thing" as Burt Laughlin. Later, <mask> continued his acting in television dramas such as Mission: Impossible and The Rookies. Later years
In November 1969, <mask> traveled to South Vietnam, currently Vietnam, for the United Service Organization. His "handshake tour" took him to hospitals, radio interviews, and flight behind enemy lines, courtesy of the 173rd Airborne Brigade, to visit strategic military outposts such as the "Hawks Nest" in the Phum Valley.While in Vietnam entertaining troops, <mask> contracted a filarial worm, similar to the creature that causes elephantiasis. After returning to the United States, his condition worsened. Because a blood clot in a major vein shut off circulation, his left leg was amputated close to the hip. The amputation was performed in Laguna Beach, California, close to his home in San Juan Capistrano. Complications from his surgery caused pleuritis, deafness, and serious debilitation. At the time of his death, <mask> had completed a manuscript about his grandmother and grandfather, David F. Day, a Medal of Honor recipient in the American Civil War. Day enlisted in the army at age 14, served with the 57th Ohio Infantry, fought in the battles of Shiloh and Stones River, and was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for actions when he was

masks:
Tom Starett
Tully
Tully
Tully
Tully
Tully


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 just 16 years old.Day was the owner of the newspaper in Ouray, Colorado, formerly known as The Solid Muldoon, now the Durango Herald. Personal life
In 1930, <mask> married Helen Brown in Colorado. They had a daughter, and they were divorced on November 26, 1935. In 1938, he married actress Frances McHugh, to whom he remained wed until her death in 1953. On June 20, 1954, he married Ida Johnson in Los Angeles, and they remained married until his death. <mask> died of cancer at the age of 73 on April 27, 1982 at Hoag Memorial Hospital in Newport Beach, California. Partial filmography

The Sign of the Cross (1932) – Hoboken (1944 Re-Release Prologue) (uncredited)
Mission to Moscow (1943) – American Engineer in Russia (uncredited)
Northern Pursuit (1943) – Inspector Barnett
Destination Tokyo (1943) – Mike Conners
Reward Unlimited (1944, Short) – Peggy's Father
Secret Command (1944) – Colonel Hugo Von Braun aka 'Brownie' Brownell
The Town Went Wild (1944) – Henry Harrison
I'll Be Seeing You (1944) – Mr. Marshall
The Unseen (1945) – Sullivan
Kiss and Tell (1945) – Bob Pringle
Adventure (1945) – Gus
The Virginian (1946) – Nebraska
Till the End of Time (1946) – C.W.Harper
Lady in the Lake (1946) – Capt. Kane
Intrigue (1947) – Marc Andrews
Killer McCoy (1947) – Cecil Y. Walsh
Scudda Hoo! Scudda Hay! (1948) – Robert 'Roarer' McGill
Rachel and the Stranger (1948) – Parson Jackson
June Bride (1948) – Mr. Whitman Brinker
Blood on the Moon (1948) – John Lufton
Illegal Entry (1949) – Nick Gruber
A Kiss for Corliss (1949) – Harry P. Archer
The

masks: Tully Tully


texts:
 Lady Takes a Sailor (1949) – Henry Duckworth
Where the Sidewalk Ends (1950) – Jiggs Taylor
Branded (1950) – Ransom
<mask>k (1951) – Dan Castello
Dick Turpin's Ride (1951) – <mask>
Texas Carnival (1951) – Sheriff Jackson
Return of the Texan (1952) – Stud Spiller
Love Is Better Than Ever (1952) – Mr. Charles E. Macaboy
Lure of the Wilderness (1952) – Zack Taylor
The Turning Point (1952) – Matt Conroy
Ruby Gentry (1952) – Jud Corey
The Jazz Singer (1952) – Dan McGurney
Trouble Along the Way (1953) – Father Malone
The Moon Is Blue (1953) – Michael O'Neill
Die Jungfrau auf dem Dach (1953) – Michael O'Neill
Sea of Lost Ships (1953) – Ice Patrol Capt. Holland
Arrow in the Dust (1954) – Crowshaw
The Caine Mutiny (1954) – Lieutenant Commander William H. De Vriess
Soldier of Fortune (1955) – Tweedie
Love Me or Leave Me (1955) – Frobisher
Behind the High Wall (1956) – Warden Frank Carmichael
Ten North Frederick (1958) – Mike Slattery
The Wackiest Ship in the Army (1960) – Capt. McClung
The Carpetbaggers (1964) – Amos Winthrop
McHale's Navy Joins the Air Force (1965) – Gen. Harkness
Coogan's Bluff (1968) – Sheriff McCrea
Charley Varrick (1973) – Tom

References

External links

1908 births
1982 deaths
20th-century American male actors
American amputees
American male film actors
American male radio actors
American male stage actors
American male television actors
Deaths from cancer in California
Male actors from Denver
People from Durango, Colorado
People from Greater Los Angeles
United States Navy officers
Military personnel from

masks:
Tomahaw
Tom King


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<mask> (Garagurbanlı) () is an Azerbaijani lawyer, scholar, and the current president of the European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice (CEPEJ) of the Council of Europe. He is also a judge of the Baku Court of Appeal, a member of the Management Board of the Union of Associations of Judges of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Head of the Department of International Law of the Institute of Law and Human Rights at the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. He is a Doctor of Law and Professor of the Department of Civil Law Disciplines at the Russian University of Economics. <mask> is the head of the Ministry of Justice working group on establishment and implementation of the e-court system in Azerbaijan, an expert of international projects in the field of evaluation and organization of court systems in Europe, and a coordinator for the World Bank and Azerbaijan Government's joint large-scale projects on the modernization of Azerbaijan's court system. He is also a member of the expert group on legal sciences (which is responsible for the verification and issue of scientific law degrees) of the High Attestation Commission under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Education
In 1990, <mask> graduated with a medal from Secondary School N134 in Baku. In 1995, he graduated with a diploma of honor from the Faculty of International Law and International Relations from Baku State University.From 1996 to 1998, he carried out his postgraduate studies in Baku State University. From 1997 to 2000, he continued his education in the military faculty of the Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University. In 2003, he graduated from the Academy of Public Administration and in 2006 from the Russian Law Academy of the Russian Federation. In 2002, he ran scientific research on judicial independence and human rights protection by US courts in the International Center for Human Rights of the School of Law at the Northwestern University. He also ran research on "The role of the US Department of Justice in the protection

masks:
Ramin Afad oglu Gurbanov
Gurbanov
Gurbanov


texts:
 of human rights" in the Division on Civil Rights of the US Department of Justice. He successfully finalized his scientific research on the topic "Judges' education is an essential element of their personal independence" in the US Federal Judicial Center, which is the specialized training and educational center of US federal judges. Ramin is a certified KPI professional who successfully passed the training courses on "e-Governance Strategies for Courts' Management: time requirements, solutions, innovations" in the Singapore Judicial Institute as well as the advanced courses on "Judicial management, organization of work in courts and e-case management" organized by the International Law Institute and Georgetown University.Work experience
<mask> started working in 1995 as a legal consultant in the military division of the Ministry of Defense. From 1998 to 2013 he worked in the Ministry of Justice as an advisor; a senior advisor in the field of drafting the legislative acts, organization of court activity, work with courts and justice institutions; and the head of the General Department on Organization and Supervision of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Azerbaijan. He was a member of the group on the development of statutory documents regulating the activities of the Ministry of Justice as well as of the group on Application of Modern Information Technologies in the Justice Institutions. In the years 2013–2020, he worked as a judge in the Baku City Yasamal District Court. During those years, he delivered the highest number of judgments with acquittals in the country. As of 2020, he is a judge of the Criminal Division of the Baku Court of Appeal. In 2014, he worked as the head of the group of the Ministry of Justice on the establishment and implementation of the "e-Court" system in Azerbaijan.In recent years the international organizations awarded the "e-Court" and "e-Enforcement" systems, which were developed by the same group. In a sub-component of these systems, artificial intelligence was


texts:
 implemented to deliver judgments instead of human judges. The modern functionalities of this system such as the mobile application of the "e-Court system", system on digital commercial disputes, the personal cabinet of court users, and the unified judicial portal have been implemented. In 2017 the new analytical module of the "e-Court system" was awarded for the first time within the Council of Europe's "Crystal Scales of Justice" competition. Work within the Council of Europe institutions
<mask> has been an official representative of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice (CEPEJ) of the Council of Europe since 2005. CEPEJ is an advisory and analytical institution of the Council of Europe that specializes in increasing the efficiency and quality of justice in European countries. During past years, he participated in peer-evaluation missions to Switzerland, Estonia, Cyprus, Georgia and Slovakia, and presided over the groups to Lithuania, Latvia, Kazakhstan, Czech Republic, North Macedonia, and Moldova.In 2014, the CEPEJ meeting was held in Baku. In 2014–2018 <mask> was elected as one of the four members of the Bureau of the European Commission for the CEPEJ of Europe, and afterward was elected to the position of vice-president. On 4 December 2018 he was elected as president of the CEPEJ through secret ballot voting by the representatives from 47 member states of the Council of Europe. Cooperation with the World Bank
<mask> has been a coordinator of the World Bank (WB) large-scale transformation projects on the modernization of Azerbaijan court system since 2008; these projects are jointly implemented with the Government of Azerbaijan. These projects developed new standards on court infrastructure, organized the official opening ceremonies of the modern court buildings and complexes with participation of the Head of the State, designed and implemented "e-Court" and "e-Enforcement" systems, drafted the law on mediation in cooperation with the CEPEJ, piloted

masks: Gurbanov Gurbanov Gurbanov


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 mediation centers, and performed studies and made recommendations on modernizing the Bar Association, establishing private enforcement offices, juvenile justice, gender policy in the field of justice, and the quality of judgments. On the eves of the 20th and 25th anniversaries of cooperation between the Government of Azerbaijan and the World Bank, the projects have been awarded as the best administered and implemented WB projects in Azerbaijan. <mask> is also the Azerbaijan reporter for the Doing Business Report (indicator on contract enforcement).In 2019, Azerbaijan was ranked in 28th place among the 190 countries after being in 40th place the previous year. Scientific and pedagogical activity
Since 1996, <mask> has been engaged in scientific work on legal issues. He was a postgraduate researcher at the law faculty of Baku State University and afterwards the senior researcher in the Institute of Philosophy, Sociology and Law of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. In 2002, he defended his scientific dissertation "Combating the criminal water pollution: on materials of Kura and Araks rivers". In 2016 he received the scientific degree — doctor of law. His thesis of doctorate work is "Co-operation of the judicial authorities on the European continent: theoretical and practical issues". He specializes in the fields of international law, criminal law, European law, and human rights.Between 2011–2016, he worked as a senior scientific consultant in the Department on International Relations and International Law of the Institute of Philosophy, Sociology and Law of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. Since 2017, he has been a senior scientific consultant of the Department on International Law and currently heads this department. <mask> is a member of the group on legal sciences (responsible for the verification and issue of the scientific degrees in law) of the High Attestation Commission under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan. <mask> has been engaged in pedagogical work since 2004.

masks: Gurbanov Gurbanov Gurbanov Gurbanov