texts:
 (Mendelson, 1994)
Craugastor myllomyllon (Savage, 2000)
Craugastor campbelli (E.N. Smith, 2005)
Anolis campbelli (G. Köhler & E.N.The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. xiv + 430 pp., 568 figures, 109 distribution maps, 31 tables. .
<mask>A, Brodie ED Jr. (editors) (1992). Biology of the Pitvipers. Tyler, Texas: Selva. xi + 567 pp., 200 figs., 100 tables, 17 plates with 122 color illustrations. .
<mask>A (1998). The Amphibians and Reptiles of Northern Guatemala, Yucatán, and Belize.Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. 367 pp. .
McDiarmid RW, <mask>A, Touré TA (1999). Snake Species of the World, A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Vol. 1. Washington, District of Columbia: The Herpetologists League. xi + 511 pp.  .
<mask>A, Lamar WW (2004).The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. (2 volumes). Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. xvii + 870 pp., 282 figs., 8 color maps, 113 distribution maps, 1,500 plates, 63 tables. .

References

External links

American herpetologists
American taxonomists
1947 births
Living people
University of Texas at Arlington faculty
University of Texas at Arlington alumni
University of Kansas alumni
20th-century American zoologists
21st-century American

masks:
Campbell J
Campbell J
Campbell J
Campbell J


type: original

texts:
<mask> (; born April 4, 1947) is an American historian who has taught at American University in Washington, D.C. since 1973. Lichtman created the Keys to the White House model, which he created with Russian seismologist Vladimir Keilis-Borok in 1981. The model uses 13 True/False criteria to predict whether the candidate of an incumbent party will win or lose the next election for the U.S. president. He ran for the U.S. Senate seat from Maryland in 2006, finishing in sixth place in the Democratic primary. Lichtman authored the 2017 book The Case for Impeachment, laying out multiple arguments for the impeachment of Donald Trump. Early life
<mask> was born in the Brownsville neighborhood of Brooklyn in New York City. He graduated from Stuyvesant High School.<mask> received his B.A. degree from Brandeis University in history in 1967, and graduated Phi Beta Kappa and magna cum laude while also running track and wrestling for the school. In 1973, Lichtman received his Ph.D. from Harvard University as a Graduate Prize Fellow, also in history. Career

Teaching

Lichtman began teaching at American University in 1973, rising to chair of the History Department, and was named Scholar/Professor of the Year in 1993. Outside of the classroom, Lichtman has testified as an expert witness on civil rights in more than 70 cases for the U.S. Department of Justice and for civil rights groups such as the NAACP, the Mexican-American Legal Defense and Education Fund and Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund, and the Southern Poverty Law Center. He also consulted for Vice President Al Gore and Senator Edward Kennedy. He assisted the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights investigation into voting irregularities in Florida during the 2000

masks:
Allan Jay Lichtman
Lichtman
Lichtman


texts:
 election, submitting his statistical analysis of balloting problems.Lichtman concluded "there were major racial disparities in ballot rejection rates". In the early 1980s while living in California as a visiting professor at the California Institute of Technology, Lichtman had a 17-show stint on the game show Tic Tac Dough. He won $100,000 during his time on the show. Author and commentator
<mask> is best known for the "Keys" system, presented in his books The Thirteen Keys to the Presidency and The Keys to the White House. The system uses thirteen historical factors to predict whether the popular vote in the election for President of the United States will be won by the candidate of the party holding the presidency (regardless of whether the president is the candidate). The keys were selected based on their correlations with the presidential election results from 1860 through 1980, using statistical methods adapted from the work of geophysicist Vladimir Keilis-Borok for predicting earthquakes. The system then correctly predicted the popular vote winner in each of the elections between 1984 and 2012, including a correct prediction of Gore as a popular vote winner in 2000.Lichtman has provided commentary for networks and cable channels such as CNN, MSNBC, and Fox News. In the 2020 Presidential Election, Lichtman correctly predicted that Democrat Joe Biden would defeat Republican Donald Trump in both the popular vote and the electoral college. Nate Silver has criticized Lichtman's "keys", writing that several of the keys are subjective. For example, two of the keys are whether the incumbent has charisma and whether the challenger has charisma. Silver wrote, "it’s awfully easy to describe someone as charismatic


texts:
 when he or she is ahead in the polls — or when you have the advantage of hindsight and know who won an election." In April 2017, Lichtman authored the book The Case for Impeachment, laying out multiple arguments for the impeachment of Donald Trump. The Financial Times gave The Case for Impeachment a positive review, writing: "Lichtman's powerful book is a reminder that we are only at the start of the Trump investigations."The Washington Post called it "striking to see the full argument unfold". New York Journal of Books recommended it as a resource, "if you are a member of Congress trying to grapple with all that this administration has wrought." The Hill gave the author praise, writing: "Lichtman has written what may be the most important book of the year." CBC News consulted law scholars that said the fulfillment of Lichtman's impeachment prediction was unlikely, especially with a Republican-controlled U.S. House of Representatives. Trump was impeached by the U. S. House of Representatives on December 18, 2019, but acquitted by the U. S. Senate on February 5, 2020. 2006 U.S. Senate race in Maryland

<mask> announced his candidacy for the Democratic nomination for United States Senate from Maryland in the 2006 election to replace Senator Paul Sarbanes; in a playful opening television ad, he pledged not to be a "conventional politician" and jumped into the C&O Canal in a business suit. Lichtman was seen as a long-shot candidate, with low support in polls.He criticized front-runner U.S. Representative Ben Cardin for his votes in favor of funding for the Iraq War. When <mask> was not invited by the League of Women Voters to the Maryland Public Television debate, he and other excluded candidates (Josh Rales and

masks: Lichtman Lichtman


texts:
 Dennis F. Rasmussen) protested outside the Baltimore County television studio; Lichtman and his wife were arrested after a confrontation with a security guard. In 2006, both were acquitted on all charges. <mask> lost in the primary election to Cardin, receiving 6,919 votes (1.2%), landing him in 6th place in a field of 18. In October 2012, The Washington Post reported that he was still paying off a mortgage he took out in order to help fund his campaign. Awards and honors
Lichtman has received numerous awards at American University during his career. Most notably, he was named Distinguished Professor of History in 2011 and Outstanding Scholar/Teacher for 1992–93, the highest faculty award at that school.FDR & the Jews, (Co-authored with Richard Breitman. Harvard University Press, 2013)
 The Case for Impeachment, HarperCollins, 2017,
 The Embattled Vote in America, Harvard University Press, 2018. Repeal the Second Amendment: The Case for a Safer America, St. Martin's Press, 2020,
 Thirteen Cracks: Repairing American Democracy after Trump, Rowman & Littlefield, 2021,

References

External links

 <mask>'s biography from American University
 <mask>man Announces Candidacy (WTOP)
 Despite Keys, Obama Is No Lock
 Keys to the White House' Historian Responds"

 "Professor who called Trump election now predicts impeachment", video on YouTube, via the CBS News official channel

1947 births
20th-century American Jews
American political scientists
American University faculty and staff
Brandeis University alumni
Candidates in the 2016 United States elections
Harvard University alumni
Living people
People from Bethesda, Maryland
People from Brownsville, Brooklyn
Polling
Stuyvesant High School alumni
21st-century American

masks:
Lichtman
Allan Lichtman
Allan Licht


texts:
<mask> (born 24 November 1960) is a German sculptor. Life
<mask> was born in Halle/Saale. Starting as a gardener, he studied landscape architecture at the university in Dresden TU in Dresden from 1982 till 1984. After this he studied fine arts in the sculptor section of the art school in Dresden Hochschule für Bildende Künste Dresden. His teacher was professor Klaus Schwabe. He got his diploma in 1990. He became a freelance sculptor in Dresden.From 1992 until 1997 he went to Ghana for three months every year to a brass casting village near Kumasi. Applying the lost wax technique, he produced small abstract and ornamental figures. These objects made him well known in Saxony. In 1995 he started a workshop with the woodcarvers in Neuireland, an island of Papua. He learned to carve mangrove wood in the Malanggan style. One year later he went to Oro province in Papua. He made tapa cloth from the bark of a tropical mulberry tree.With this material and rattan sticks from Vietnam he created his Rattan-Tapa sculptures. He showed them for the first time in the ethnographic museum in Dresden. As a result <mask> developed a special type of rattan bark cloth – sculptures. In 1997 he won a competition for the Semperoper Dresden for a yearly given award-sculpture. His idea impressed the jury with the balance of abstraction and reality. Thus he found the successful relation to music, singing and dancing the basic elements of the opera in an equal manner. Since then Reichstein received further orders for price-sculptures from politics and economy (e.g.Dresdner marketing

masks:
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein


texts:
 price, MTM Award). From 1 January 1998 to 31 December 1998 taught <mask> in the Saxon stonemason school in Demitz – Thumitz. He developed the stonework there specific technical basics of design and taught inter alia freehand drawing, sketching and modeling to nature. Since 1999, <mask> operates several months a year in a Buddhafoundry in Ban Pong in Thailand. From 1999 to 2005 he created here a rich series of abstract sculptures. Since 2006 he worked there with the German artist Doreen Wolff and since 2010 even with Catrin Große. Since 2006 he started to develop a big quantity of human figures.Since 2006, <mask> used again reinforces the human figure to. So he created, for example, in 2009 a group of Nereids – the nymphs from the Mediterranean sea, inspired by classical Greek models from the British Museum in London. Figure table image

<mask> was 2000–2012 Chairman of the Saxon artists association and 1997–2012 board member of the Federal Dresden artists. 2005 he was Member of the Board of the Association of Visual Artists (BBK) of Germany. Since 2012, <mask> is the CEO of the New Saxon Art Association. <mask> is father of four children. In 2006, <mask> wins with a digression into the world of geometry.He designed from Platonic, Archimedean and Catalan bodies a Polyeder-Circlesculpture and thus achieves a competition of Saxony for a study academy first place. The first prize of a competition of Jena gets Reichstein in 2007 for his sculpture "Big Fish" and " Saalewave". These are very directly involved in the redesign of the promenade along the river Saale

masks:
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein


texts:
 in Jena. They are especially designed with a safety ground on touching. The overall project receives in 2009 the Thuringian landscape architecture award. Since 2010, <mask> begins a new convolute from life-sized bronze figures, which has grown by 2013 to 25 works. These develop from creations in statuesque appeal to Lucas Cranach the Elder, to freely moving, dance and expressive representations.Since first May operates <mask> with the painter and sculptor Doreen Wolff, a co-operative gallery in the city center of Dresden, 20 Schlossstrasse, Castle Street in which they show only their own works of art. Working stays in foreign countries
 Bulgaria – Plowdiw, 1983, landscape drawings as student of landscape architecture. Sowjet Union – Leningrad, 1987, Studies in the eremitage and the studio of Michail Anikuschin as student of the dresden school of fine arts. France – Paris, Oktobre 1989, exhibition in the culture centre of the GDR in Paris, with a study visit. Ghana – Kumasi 1992–1997 every year for three month <mask> is a sting series of small sculptures in bronze. France – Montpellier/Clermont de Herault,  by invitation of the french culture centre in Dresden <mask>ein works with Mrs. Chris Matthia in South France
 Papua-New guinea – Neuirland, 1995 and 1996, Reichtein works together with tradiional woodcarvers. Kolumbien - Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, 1998, Work with Indians from the ribe of the Kogi.Thailand – Ban Pong/Ratchaburi, 1999 bis 2018, every year work in a big Buddha casting factory in Ban Pong. Italien – Laas/Südtirol, 2011, Work with marble

masks:
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichast


texts:
 and exhibition

Exhibitions
 Galerie Gebrüder Lehmann 1990 „Ferrum Vitalis“
 Galerie Autogen, 1991 „Stahl axial“
 Landhaus Dresden, Städtische Galerie 1992. Otomfo – Okomfo: afrikanischer Gelbguss von <mask>stein 1992–1994, Kurator: Uwe J Gellner, Kloster unser Lieben Frauen, Museen der Stadt Magdeburg
 Export Import, <mask> mit L. Azure, H. Lippmann und H. Stark: 2. Oktober bis 6. November 1994, Galerie Rähnitzgasse der Landeshauptstadt Dresden
 <mask>stein – Kunstverständigung über Kontinente. 1. Oeuvreausstellung in den Staatlichen Kunstsammlungen Dresden durch die Skulpturensammlung im Albertinum.29. Oktober 2000 bis 31. Januar 2001, Kuratorin: Bärbel Stephan, kommissarische Direktorin der Skulpturensammlung der Staatlichen Kunstsammlungen Dresden
 Galerie Sybille Nütt 2004, von quellgöttern, jungen pferden und dieser ahnung vom urklang der dinge ...
 Galerie Tatzl Graz/Österreich 2006, <mask>stein „auf draht“& Hans Staudacher
 Figur-Abstrakt Ausstellungstrilogie in Bangkok in der deutschen Botschaft, im Goetheinstitut und im Central World Center. März bis April 2008, Initiator und Kurator W. Eckstein, Direktor des Goetheinstituts. Seemannskirche Prerow 2011, Ne-re-i-den und andere Bronze-Plastiken
 Kunstverein Worpswede 2011; „Klavier und Geige - Werke von Karl Oppermann und <mask>“ mit Prof. Karl Oppermann, Berlin
 Markuskirche in Laas/Italien 2011
 Schloss Pillnitz, 2011
 Doreen Wolff und <mask>: „Paar-a-dox“, 2012, Galerie in der Landesdirektion des Freistaates Sachsen
 Bibliothek Stettin/Polen mit Timm Stütz 2013. Stadtarchiv der Landeshauptstadt

masks:
Thomas Reich
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reich
Thomas Reich
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reichstein


texts:
 Dresden 2013 mit Doreen Wolff
 Kunstverein Worpswede, Sommerfreiluftausstellung „Livesize, Together-Alone“, Sommer 2014
 Galerie Waidspeicher der Landeshauptstadt Erfurt, Nov.–Dez. 2014 mit Andreas Eichstaedt, Plastiken und Malerei
 Doppelausstellung in Westerland auf Sylt, Mai bis September 2015 Sechs lebensgroße Figuren auf dem Rathausvorplatz, Mai 2015 Galerie „Alte Post“ mit dem Kunstverein „Kunstfreunde Sylt“: Plastiken und Malerei von Thomas Reichstein und Doreen Wolff

Works
Arche – copperfigure.Dresden zoo, 1995. Elbewaechter – sandstone. Tangermuende, 1998. Mamawata Ostara – sandstone, Ostritz/Neisse, 2000. Kentauer – bamboofigure. Dresden, 2001. Olbrichtplatz, Dresden
Minos – stainless steel Dresden, 2002.Stuebelallee, Nähe Comeniusplatz
Saalewelle and Big Fisch – broncesculptures, Wenigenjenaer Riverbanks in Jena, 2007. Wuerfelwiese – Polyederring, campus of the Staatlichen Studienakadamie in Riesa, 2006
Nereidengruppe – brassfugures. German embassy Bangkok, 2010. Books
Baerbel Stephan: Minos Centauros – <mask>. Ernst-Rietschel-Kulturring, Dresden 2001, . <mask>stein: Otomfo, Okomfo. Afrikanischer Gelbguss.1992–1994. Magdeburger Museen, Kloster Unser Lieben Frauen, Magdeburg 1994,  (catalogue of the  exhibition at Kloster Unser Lieben Frauen, 1994). Landeshauptstadt Dresden, Kulturamt: <mask>. Kulturamt der Landeshauptstadt, Dresden 1994 (catalogue of the  exhibition "Export Import“, 1994 in the gallery "Rähnitzgasse"). External links

classic website of the artist

1960 births
German sculptors
German male sculptors
Modern sculptors
Living

masks:
Thomas Reichstein
Thomas Reich
Thomas Reichstein


texts:
<mask> (born April 11, 1934) is an American physicist, parapsychologist and author who is best known for his work on remote viewing. <mask> joined Stanford Research Institute (SRI) in 1972 where he and Harold E. Puthoff coined the term "remote viewing" for the practice of seeking impressions about a distant or unseen target using parapsychological means. Later he worked with Puthoff on the US Defence Intelligence Agency's Stargate Project. <mask>'s work on remote viewing has been characterized as pseudoscience and has also been criticized for lack of rigor. Early life, education and career
<mask> was born in Chicago. He is the son of <mask>, an American book editor who was well known and respected in the field of commercial publishing. According to Martin Gardner, <mask> was introduced to the paranormal by his father whose Chicago bookstore carried a variety of paranormal works and whose later published works at Putnam included a biography of Helena Blavatsky, founder of the Theosophical Society, and Erich von Däniken's Chariots of the Gods.<mask> received a B.S. in physics from Queens College in 1954. From 1954 to 1956, he completed two years of graduate work in physics at Columbia University without taking a degree. Lasers and engineering research
<mask> was involved in early laser research at Technical Research Group where he co-authored, with Gordon Gould among others, a 1962 paper describing the use of homodyne detection with laser light. Later, at Sylvania Electronic Systems, he contributed to the development of frequency modulation and mode-locking of lasers, and co-authored a 1969 paper which described the operation of a kilowatt continuous wave laser. In 1972, <mask> joined the Electronics and Bioengineering Laboratory at SRI as a senior research physicist in a program founded by Harold E. Puthoff. The two conducted research into psychic abilities and their operational use for the U.S. intelligence community, including NASA, the CIA, Defense Intelligence Agency and Army Intelligence.<mask> worked at SRI until 1982. From 1986 to 1998 <mask> worked in

masks:
Russell Targ
Targ
Targ
Targ
William Targ
Targ
Targ
Russell Targ
Targ
Targ
Targ


texts:
 electro-optics as a senior staff scientist at the Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, where he contributed to aviation windshear sensing applications of Doppler heterodyne lidar technology. Parapsychology research

Remote viewing

Remote viewing (or RV) is the practice of seeking impressions about a distant or unseen target using subjective means, in particular, extra-sensory perception (ESP) or "sensing with mind". Typically a remote viewer is expected to give information about an object, event, person or location that is hidden from physical view and separated at some distance. The term was coined in the 1970s by <mask> and Puthoff, while working as researchers at SRI, to differentiate it from clairvoyance. In 1972 Puthoff and <mask> tested remote viewer Ingo Swann at SRI, and the experiment led to a visit from two employees of the CIA's Directorate of Science and Technology. The result was a $50,000 CIA-sponsored project known as the Stargate Project.The SRI team published papers in Nature and Proceedings of the IEEE. They also presented their work in a symposium on consciousness at a national meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. A number of scientific reviews of the SRI (and later) experiments on remote viewing found no credible evidence that remote viewing works, and the topic of remote viewing is regarded as pseudoscience. Reception
The psychologists David Marks and Richard Kammann attempted to replicate <mask> and Puthoff's remote viewing experiments and disputed the claims that the experiments were successful; for example, they were able to successfully identify targets from cues given by the investigators and recorded in the transcripts. They concluded: "Until remote viewing can be confirmed in conditions which prevent sensory cueing the conclusions of <mask> and Puthoff remain an unsubstantiated hypothesis." The researchers said that <mask> and Puthoff had not provided unpublished transcripts when requested, but that after obtaining them from a judge in the study they were able to find "a wealth of cues". Simon Hoggart and

masks: Targ Targ Targ Targ Targ


texts:
 Mike Hutchinson described <mask> as willing to believe and overly credulous.A 1988 report by the United States National Research Council (NRC) concluded: "There should remain little doubt that the Targ–Puthoff studies are fatally flawed." Remote viewing was popularized in the 1990s upon the declassification of certain documents related to the Stargate Project, a US$20 million research program that had started in 1975 and was sponsored by the U.S. government in an attempt to determine any potential military application of psychic phenomena. The program was terminated in 1995 after it failed to produce any useful intelligence information. David Goslin, of the American Institutes for Research said: "There's no documented evidence it had any value to the intelligence community." A variety of scientific studies of remote viewing have been conducted. Some earlier, less sophisticated experiments produced positive results, but they had invalidating flaws. None of the more recent experiments have shown positive results when conducted under properly controlled conditions.This lack of successful experiments has led the mainstream scientific community to reject remote viewing, based upon the absence of an evidence base, the lack of a theory which would explain remote viewing, and the lack of experimental techniques which can provide reliably positive results. Science writers including Gary Bennett, Martin Gardner, Michael Shermer, and professor of neurology Terence Hines describe the topic of remote viewing as pseudoscience. According to Martin Gardner, <mask> and Puthoff "imagined they could do research in parapsychology but instead dealt with 'psychics' who were cleverer than they were". Further work on parapsychology
The SRI remote viewing project also encompassed the work of such consulting "consciousness researchers" as the artist/writer Ingo Swann and Military Intelligence Corps chief warrant officer Joseph McMoneagle. <mask> and Puthoff both expressed the belief that Uri Geller, retired police commissioner Pat Price and artist Ingo Swann all had genuine psychic abilities;

masks: Targ Targ Targ


texts:
 however, flaws were found with the controls in the experiments and Geller was caught using sleight of hand on many other occasions. The SRI tests gave Geller substantial control over the procedures used to test him, with few limits on his behavior during the test. In 1982, Targ with Keith Harary and Anthony White formed a company, Delphi Associates, to sell psychic consulting services to individuals and businesses.In the book Mind Race, Targ and Harary claimed that all nine silver futures predictions made at Delphi in 1982 were correct; however, a later attempt failed. According to Henry Gordon, "As with most psychic claims, there is little documentation to back them up." Ray Hyman has written "Targ and Harary's much-publicized case for the reality of psi and the validity of remote viewing is filled with exaggerated and unsupported conclusions. Their careless scholarship leads to new deceptions." Personal life
<mask> was married to Joan Fischer <mask>, who died in 1998. <mask> and Joan had a daughter, <mask>, who was a psychiatrist and parapsychologist and two sons Alexander and Nicholas. In 2003 <mask> married artist Patricia Kathleen Phillips.Joan Fischer <mask> was the sister of World Chess Champion Bobby Fischer. In 2004 <mask> assisted Fischer, who had been a fugitive in the United States since violating a trade embargo with his 1992 victory over Boris Spassky. While Fischer was detained in Japan with extradition pending, <mask> worked to support a claim of German citizenship for Fischer. In Pawn Sacrifice, a 2014 biopic of Fischer, <mask> appears briefly, portrayed by Marco Verdoni. <mask>, who is legally blind, is an avid motorcyclist and has published a memoir on his experiences as a "blind biker". Publications

Books authored

Books co-authored

Journal articles

On remote viewing

On precognition

On lasers and electro-optics

References

External links
ESPResearch.com - <mask>'s site

1934 births
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
21st-century American physicists
Columbia University alumni
Living people
Parapsychologists
Lockheed Missiles and Space

masks:
Russell
Targ
Russell
Elisabeth Targ
Targ
Targ
Targ
Targ
Targ
Targ
Russell Targ


texts:
<mask> (Coimbra, 20 February 1976) is a Portuguese sociologist and Member of the European Parliament, elected for the first time in 2009 and re-elected in 2014. She currently sits on the Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON) and Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE) Committees. She is also Chairwoman of the Delegation of the European Parliament for relations with the Mashreq countries (Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria). Between 2010 and 2016 she was Vice-President of the Party of the European Left. In November 2015, <mask> announced her candidacy for the 2016 Portuguese presidential elections, representing the Left Bloc party. She finished 3rd, with 10,12% of the votes, the best result ever achieved by a woman in a presidential election in Portugal at the time. She was also a candidate for Left Bloc in the 2021 Portuguese presidential election in which she came 5th, with 3.95% of the vote.Biography

<mask> <mask> studied Sociology at the University of Coimbra, where she completed her doctoral thesis: “Is nature sick of us? Health, environment and emerging forms of citizenship” (2009). Her areas of specialisation include environmental health, sociology of science, political sociology, democracy and participation. She has published several scientific articles, chapters in books and other publications, on the relations between environment and public health, science and knowledge, democracy and citizenship. Civic and political activity
<mask> is a member of the Left Bloc National Board and Executive Board; as well as a member of the board of Pro-Urbe, a civic association in Coimbra. She was a national trustee of the movement "Cidadania e Responsabilidade pelo Sim", during the campaign for decriminalization of abortion in Portugal. She was also an activist in the movement against co-incineration in Souselas (pt) and head of the Left Bloc list in the elections for Coimbra Municipality (2005).Member of

masks:
Marisa Isabel dos Santos Matias
Matias
Marisa
Matias
Matias


texts:
 the European Parliament

2009 – 2014
In 2009, <mask> was elected as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Left Bloc, which sits as part of the political group GUE/NGL in the European Parliament. She was made a member of the Industry, Research and Energy Committee and the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety Committee and a member of the delegations for relations with the Mashriq Countries, with Palestine, and with South Africa. At the beginning of her mandate, <mask> was nominated the Parliament's rapporteur to write and negotiate the directive preventing the distribution of counterfeit medicines, a business that generates more than €400 billion per year for the counterfeiting networks and puts at risk the life of patients. The directive, negotiated for almost two years with the parliamentary groups and the governments, was approved in 2011. This was only the second time since Portugal's entrance into the EU that a Portuguese MEP had led the process of a framework-directive - a law that will be transposed to the judicial system of each of the EU Member States. At the same time, she was also rapporteur of the European strategy in the fight against Alzheimer and other dementias, that was also approved in 2011. She was co-president of the European Work Group for Diabetes, being co-author of the first resolution to ever be approved in the European Parliament aiming at the definition of a political strategy to fight the diabetes epidemic (2010).In addition, she was involved in the planning and approval of resolutions on cancer and HIV, and was an active member of the parliamentary committee of inquiry on the H1N1 vaccine. In 2011, <mask> was chosen by her peers, with more than 350 votes, as MEP of the Year for health - the only MEP from the United Left Parliamentary Group to receive this honour since its creation. Throughout 2011 and 2012, <mask> was the Parliament's rapporteur for

masks: Matias Matias Matias Matias


texts: the definition of a Common Strategic Framework for Research and Innovation. The report was approved in 2012 and established the bases for what should be the proposal for the Horizon 2020 programme on the European financing of research and innovation for the period 2014–2020. Besides the proposal to reinforce the funds and of a better geographical distribution of the funds, the approved proposal also included a significant increase of support to the scientific work and to the attribution of scholarships within the European financing framework. Later, would also be part of the team of six rapporteurs, nominated by the European Parliament, to the definition and negotiation of the proposal about the Horizon 2020, being responsible for one of the legislative regulations on the Strategic Agenda for Innovation. The legislative package would end up being approved at the end of 2013, being already active since January 2014.In 2012, she was still nominated rapporteur of the European Parliament for the evaluation of the European Central Bank (ECB) activities of 2011, the year the ECB presidency changed. In a very disputed process and hard negotiations, her report would be approved by one vote of difference in the Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee. Later, the report would be approved, in plenary, still in 2013, but <mask> <mask> requested her name to be withdraw as a result of approved changes in the final vote. Those changed took out of the report all the critical references to the ECB as member of the European Troika, equally eliminating the proposal to oblige the ECB to restore to the countries under the Troika's intervention the profits resulting from the complex processes of buying and selling of public debt titles. <mask> <mask> was, still, the Parliament's rapporteur for four opinion on European strategy for adapting to climate change, resettling of GDP calculation, proposal for a new

masks: Marisa Matias Marisa Matias


texts:
 pluri-annual financing framework and regulation defining indexes on the goods traded in stock market. As shadow rapporteur, meaning, MEP responsible within its parliamentary group, to follow and negotiate proposals led by other colleagues from other parliamentary groups, <mask> <mask> followed, during the mandate, the making of 25 parliamentary proposals, having presented proposals for change and being present in negotiation meetings. So far, was also co-author of 119 proposals of parliamentary resolutions.While Vice-President of the Parliament to the relations with the Mashreq countries (Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Egypt) was part and presided to several parliamentary negotiations with these countries, coordinating processes of negotiation with the correspondent national parliaments. This was also done during the period known for the transformations introduced by the Arab Spring. <mask> is also member of the Parliament's Delegation to the relations with the Palestinian Legislative Council, having developed initiatives mainly concerning the siege of the Gaza Strip. Presidential candidacy
On 18 October 2015, Catarina Martins, coordinator of the Left Bloc, announced that, as no credible unifying leftist candidate had thus far come forward for the Presidential elections of January 2016, <mask> <mask> allowed her name to be put forward as representing her party in those elections. She finished 3rd, with 10,12% of the votes, the best result ever achieved by a woman in a presidential election in Portugal. On 9 September 2021, <mask> <mask> announced she would run for president again on the 2021 Portuguese presidential election. References

External links

1976 births
Living people
Candidates for President of Portugal
Left Bloc MEPs
MEPs for Portugal 2009–2014
MEPs for Portugal 2014–2019
MEPs for Portugal 2019–2024
21st-century women MEPs for Portugal
Portuguese sociologists
University of

masks: Marisa Matias Marisa Marisa Matias Marisa Matias


texts:
<mask> (born 3 June 1983) is a former Australian rules football player and former captain of the Collingwood Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Early life

<mask> was born in Geelong to parents Sue and Doug and at age 10 moved to Wallington. He was educated at St. Joseph's College where he played his junior football. In 2001, <mask> played for the Geelong Falcons in the TAC Cup. His first senior football was played with the North Ballarat Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). AFL career
<mask> was spotted by AFL club Collingwood who selected him as a rookie player in 2002. In his first year at the club he played most of his games with VFL affiliate Williamstown Seagulls.Late the following year, he played in an off-season exhibition match in London against Fremantle,

masks:
Nicholas Maxwell
Nick Maxwell
Maxwell
Maxwell


texts: in which he performed impressively. Collingwood retained <mask> on their rookie list. When Tom Davidson was added to the long-term injury list, the club promoted <mask> to the senior list. His debut came soon after in Round 9 against Adelaide and proved enough, playing 10 games in his first season as a hard-running defender. His size however was still tall and very lean. His promotion was then lifted as he was elevated onto the senior list for the next season. In 2005, <mask> had a breakthrough once again.His presence was more physical . After spending two weeks in the grandstands he received the call up to replace the out of form Ryan Lonie in round three, and did not miss another match. He kicked six goals for the season, at times when they were needed late in a quarter to help momentum. At 22 he was

masks: Maxwell Maxwell Maxwell


texts: regarded by many as a player possessing outstanding maturity and dedication onfield. <mask> had a solid start to the season in 2006. In Round 10 he put his body on the line in a contest where he dived in to receive a hard ball get, getting crunched by Jonathan Brown of the Brisbane Lions, and he broke his leg. He missed the next 6 weeks with the broken leg, but would come back to the side and play every game for the rest of the year, showing his reasons of cementing a spot in the soon to be successful side.In 2007, he became AFL Players Association representative for Collingwood. He played all 25 games, including three finals and was a regular contributor to the side. Coach Mick Malthouse used <mask> as a utility, with an ability to play both ends of the ground and kicking eight goals. His total of 98

masks: Maxwell Maxwell


texts:
 tackles, third highest at Collingwood. An example was his vigorous tackle in the Preliminary Final against Geelong's Max Rooke. <mask>'s leadership at Collingwood was shown throughout the season. He captained the club for the first time in Round 16 against Essendon in a 29-point win.In the 2008 pre-season, <mask> was handed the number five guernsey, worn by retired club captain and icon Nathan Buckley. He also became the vice-captain of the side and was one of the favourites to beat Scott Burns for the captaincy role left vacant by Buckley, but Burns was given the top job. Captaincy
On 17 December 2008 Collingwood Football Club announced the appointment of <mask> as the club captain. In the 2009 NAB Cup, <mask> was controversially cited by the AFL tribunal for a shirtfront on West Coast's Patrick

masks: Maxwell Maxwell Maxwell Maxwell


texts: McGinnity which broke McGinnity's jaw. The incident caused significant controversy. Collingwood launched a successful appeal, one of only two (the other being Melbourne's Jack Viney in 2014) in the history of the 2005–14 incarnation of the AFL tribunal and the decision was overturned. He was suspended in Round 3 of the AFL season for an incident involving Steve Johnson of the Geelong Cats, causing some media commentators to cast doubts on his choice as club captain.<mask> was selected in the 2009 All-Australian side on the half back flank. On 2 October 2010, <mask> captained Collingwood to its first AFL premiership in 20 years; the first since the 1990 premiership victory. The win came about in semi-controversial style, with the first Grand Final ending in a draw one week earlier. <mask> declared the


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 situation an "absolute joke" in an interview with Matthew Richardson immediately post-game. Collingwood won the replay 16.12(108) to St Kilda 7.10(52), giving his side their 15th Premiership. Retirement
<mask> announced his retirement at a press conference at Westpac Centre on 16 July 2014 following results of a long term ankle injury suffered the week before in the Round 17, 2014 clash with Essendon. In November 2014, <mask> joined NRL club Melbourne Storm as the club's Leadership Development Coach.The role saw <mask> work at the club for one day a week overseeing Storm's Emerging Leadership program and developing the off-field preparation and skills of the younger players in the NRL squad. <mask> also assisted Head Coach Craig Bellamy in working with the senior leadership group. 1 year later in


texts:
 November 2015, he joined AFL club Greater Western Sydney Giants, as part of the club's leadership program. In 2017 <mask> returned to Collingwood as a Club Runner and Bench Assistant. In 2018, <mask> joined BBL Team, the Melbourne Stars to observe and provide advice on the club's leadership program. Statistics

|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2004
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 43 || 10 || 0 || 0 || 36 || 53 || 89 || 31 || 14 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 3.6 || 5.3 || 8.9 || 3.1 || 1.4
|-
!scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2005
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 27 || 20 || 6 || 6 || 138 || 101 || 239 || 80 || 43 || 0.3 || 0.3 || 6.9 || 5.1 || 12.0 || 4.0 || 2.2
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" |


texts:
 2014
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 5 || 10 || 0 || 0 || 78 || 57 || 135 || 44 || 28 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 7.8 || 5.7 || 13.5 || 4.4 || 2.8
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 208
! 29
! 19
!1491
! 1338
! 2829
! 950
! 587
! 0.1
! 0.1
!7.2
! 6.4
! 13.6
! 4.6
! 2.8
|}

Personal life

<mask> married Erin in 2009 in Byron Bay. The couple have three children. References

External links

1983 births
Collingwood Football Club players
Collingwood Football Club Premiership players
All-Australians (AFL)
Living people
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia)
North Ballarat Football Club players
Geelong Falcons players
St Joseph's Football Club players
One-time VFL/AFL Premiership


texts:
<mask> (born 25 November 1930) is a Turkish bureaucrat and politician who served as the Minister of National Defense from 1999 to 2002. He was the Nationalist Movement Party presidential candidate for the 2007 presidential election, which he lost to the Justice and Development Party candidate Abdullah Gül. He served as a Member of Parliament for the electoral district of Kayseri from 1999 to 2002 and again from 2007 to 2011. Beginning his career as a bureaucrat, Çakmakoğlu served as the Kaymakam (sub-Governor) of numerous districts before being appointed the Deputy Governor of Ankara. Serving as Deputy Governor for three years, Çakmakoğlu then served as the 28th Governor of Gümüşhane from 1972 to 1975, as the 28th Governor of Isparta from 1975 to 1978, as the 27th Governor of Edirne from February to August 1978, as the 27th Governor of Gaziantep from 1979 to 1980 and finally as the 31st Governor of Mersin from 1984 to 1988. In 1991, he was appointed as the non-partisan Minister of the Interior due to the constitutional requirement for the partisan Interior minister to vacate his or her office three months before a general election and hand it over to the Undersecretary of the Interior Ministry. Çakmakoğlu served as the Interior Minister until a new government was formed after the 1991 general election.Early life and career
<mask> Çakmakoğlu was born on 25 November 1930 in İncesu, Kayseri. Having received his primary and secondary education in Kayseri, he graduated from Ankara University Faculty of Political Science in 1953. He became a Civilian Administrative Officer and a candidate to become a Kaymakam (a district governor, roughly translated as a 'sub-governor'). During his time as a Kaymakam candidate, he also graduated from the Ankara University Faculty of Law. Bureaucratic career

Kaymakam
Çakmakoğlu spent 12 years serving as a Kaymakam in the districts of Kozaklı in Nevşehir Province, Gülşehir in Nevşehir Province, Ürgüp in Nevşehir Province, Çıldır in Ardahan Province, Bayburt in Gümüşhane Province and

masks:
Sabahattin Çakmakolu
Sabahattin


texts:
 Ereğli in Konya Province. In 1989, the district of Bayburt became a Province in its own right. Governor
Çakmakoğlu spent three years serving as the Deputy Governor of Ankara before being appointed as the 28th Governor of Gümüşhane from 1972 to 1975, as the 28th Governor of Isparta from 1975 to 1978, as the 27th Governor of Edirne from February to August 1978, as the 27th Governor of Gaziantep from 1979 to 1980 and finally as the 31st Governor of Mersin from 1984 to 1988.Undersecretary
Between the years 1988 and 1992, Çakmakoğlu served in the General Directorate of Security, as the Undersecretary to the Prime Minister of Turkey and as the Undersecretary to the Minister of the Interior. In 1991, he was elected as a member of the Council of Higher Education (YÖK) from the Cabinet office contingency. In 1992, after retirement, he served as the chief advisor to the President of Turkey, at the time Turgut Özal. Minister of the Interior
With the Constitution requiring that the serving partisan Ministers of the Interior, of Transport and of Justice should vacate their position to their respective Undersecretaries at least three months before a general election, Çakmakoğlu took over from Mustafa Kalemli as Minister of the Interior on 30 August 1991, three months before the 1991 general election. He remained as Minister until a new government was formed, being succeeded by İsmet Sezgin when the coalition government between the True Path Party and the Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP) on 21 November 1991. Political career
Çakmakoğlu first entered politics in 1992 by joining the Motherland Party (ANAP), but left the party to join the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) in 1995. He served as an advisor to MHP leader Alparslan Türkeş until his death in 1997.On 23 November 1997, Çakmakoğlu was elected to the MHP party council and later became a Deputy Leader of the MHP. He was elected to Parliament as an MHP MP from Kayseri in the 1999 general election. Minister of National Defense
Following the 1999 general election, the


texts:
 Democratic Left Party (DSP), the Nationalist Movement Party and the Motherland Party formed a triple coalition government. Çakmakoğlu was subsequently appointed as the Minister of National Defense. He served in the position until 18 November 2002. He lost his seat in the 2002 general election due to the MHP falling below the 10% election threshold necessary to win parliamentary representation. Presidential candidacy
The MHP managed to win parliamentary representation once again in the 2007 general election, with <mask> again returning as an MP for Kayseri.He became a Deputy Leader of the MHP for a second time shortly after. The general election had been called early due to the parliamentary deadlock caused during the presidential election earlier that year. With the parliamentary process to elect a successor to President Ahmet Necdet Sezer resuming after the general election, the MHP put forward Çakmakoğlu as their presidential candidate. He won 70 votes in the first round, 71 in the second and 70 in the final round, losing to the Justice and Development Party candidate Abdullah Gül. Çakmakoğlu stepped down as an MP at the 2011 general election. Personal life
Çakmakoğlu is married with two children. He has a secondary school named after him in his hometown of İncesu, Kayseri, namely Vali Sabahattin Çakmakoğlu Ortaokulu (Governor Sabahattin Çakmakoğlu Secondary School).A primary school with the same name exists in Mersin Province, where Çakmakoğlu served as Governor between 1984 and 1988. See also
Devlet Bahçeli
Abdullah Gül
Turgut Özal
List of Turkish civil servants

References

External links
Biography on the Parliament website
Collection of all relevant news items at Haberler.com

Nationalist Movement Party politicians
Living people
1930 births
Ankara University Faculty of Political Sciences alumni
People from İncesu, Kayseri
Ministers of National Defence of Turkey
Members of the 21st Parliament of Turkey
Members of the 23rd Parliament of Turkey
Ministers of the Interior of Turkey
Turkish civil servants
Deputies


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<mask> is an Uyghur refugee best known for the more than seven years he was wrongly imprisoned in the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 584. Joint Task Force Guantanamo counter-terrorism analysts report that he was born on November 12, 1979, in Xinjiang, China. <mask> is one of the 22 Uighurs held in Guantanamo for many years despite it becoming clear early on that they were innocent. He won his habeas corpus in 2008. Judge Ricardo Urbina declared his detention as unlawful and ordered to set him free in the United States. Combatant Status Review

<mask> was among the 60% of prisoners who participated in the tribunal hearings.A Summary of Evidence memo was prepared for the tribunal of each detainee. <mask>'s memo accused him of the following:

Transcript

<mask> chose to participate in his Combatant Status Review Tribunal. On March 3, 2006, in response to a court order from Jed Rakoff the Department of Defense published a single page Summarized transcript from his Combatant Status Review Tribunal. Mohammon v. Bush, Civil Action No. 05-2386
<mask> <mask> was one of the petitioners in
Mohammon v. Bush, Civil Action No. 05-2386. In September 2007, the Department of Justice published dossiers of unclassified documents arising from the Combatant Status Review Tribunals of 179 captives.The Department of Defense withheld <mask> <mask>'s documents when they published the documents from the other 179 habeas petitioner's CSR Tribunals. On July 18, 2008, George M. Clarke III informed the US District Court that:

Administrative Review Board

Detainees whose Combatant Status Review Tribunal labeled them "enemy combatants" were scheduled for annual Administrative Review Board hearings. These hearings were

masks:
Adel Noori
Adel Noori
Noori
Noori
Noori
Adel
Noori
Adel
Noori


texts:
 designed to assess the threat a detainee might pose if released or transferred, and whether there were other factors that warranted his continued detention. Summary of Evidence memo
A Summary of Evidence memo was prepared for
<mask> <mask>'s
Administrative Review Board,
on July 1, 2005. The memo listed factors for and against his continued detention. The following primary factors favor continued detention

The following primary factors favor release or transfer

Board recommendations
In early September 2007, the Department of Defense released two heavily redacted memos, from his Board, to Gordon R. England, the Designated Civilian Official. The Board's recommendation was unanimous
The Board's recommendation was redacted.England authorized his transfer on October 22, 2005. 2005 through 2008
On June 12, 2008, the United States Supreme Court restored the Guantanamo captives' access to the USA's civilian justice system in its ruling on Boumediene v. Bush. Specifically it re-initiated the captives' habeas corpus petitions. In an unrelated development Huzaifa Parhat's DTA appeal concluded that his Combatant Status Review Tribunal had erred in confirming he was an "enemy combatant", due to insufficient evidence. The Department of Justice had the option of appealing the ruling, claiming it had new evidence. The Uyghurs' habeas petitions were the first to be scheduled for review. In September 2008, days before the Department of Justice would have been expected to offer a justification in court for the Uyghurs' detention, and after six and half years of extrajudicial detention, the Department of Justice acknowledged the evidence to justify their detention did not exist.Temporary Asylum in Palau
In June 2009 the government of Palau announced that they

masks: Adel Noori


texts:
 would offer temporary asylum to some of the Uyghurs. The government of Palau sent a delegation to Guantanamo, and interviewed some of the remaining Uyghurs. Some of the Uyghurs declined to be interviewed by the Palauns. In the end the government of Palau offered asylum to twelve of the remaining thirteen Uyghurs. Palau declined to offer asylum to one of the Uyghurs who suffered from a mental disorder, brought on by detention, that was too profound to be treated in Palau. On October 31, 2009, <mask> <mask>, Ahmad Tourson, Abdul Ghappar Abdul Rahman, Edham Mamet, Anwar Hassan, and Dawut Abdurehim were released and transferred to Palau. <mask> worked as a security guard at the Palau Community College.Reappearance in Turkey

On February 14, 2013, the Associated Press reported that <mask> had "missing since late last year" from Palau. The Uyghurs were not eligible for Palaun citizenship, so <mask> had no legitimate travel documents. The Associated Press quoted a report from Tia Belau, a local newspaper, that speculated <mask> may have been trying to make his way to Turkey, to join his wife and child. The Tia Belau reported that <mask> had not been seen at work for two months. They reported he had traveled through Japan, but Japanese officials could not refute or confirm this. Carol Rosenberg, of the McClatchy News Services, confirmed on February 20, 2013, that US officials knew <mask> had joined his wife in Turkey, although the officials she spoke with insisted on anonymity. Joshua Keating of Foreign Policy magazine noted that "<mask>'s relocation is particularly impressive given that he is technically stateless and has no travel documents."On June 29, 2015, Nathan Vanderklippe, reporting in The Globe and Mail, wrote that all the Uyghurs had quietly

masks: Adel Noori Noori Noori Noori Noori Noori Noori Noori


texts:
 left Palau. The Globe confirmed that Palau's agreement to give refuge to the Uyghurs was reached after the USA agreed to various secret payments. Those payments included $93,333 to cover each Uyghurs living expenses. The Globe confirmed that controversy still surrounded former President Johnson Toribiong who had used some of those funds to billet the Uyghurs in houses belonging to his relatives. Vanderklippe reported that the men had never felt they could fit in with the Palauns. Some of the men compared Palau with a lusher, larger Guantanamo. Some of the men were able to bring their wives to Palau.Attempts to hold most regular jobs failed, due to cultural differences. Attempts to use their traditional leather-working skills to be self-employed failed. Eventually, all six men were employed as night-time security guards, a job that did not require interaction with Palauns. One of the men's young toddler, born on Palau, died when he fell from a balcony. According to Vanderklippe, the men's departure from Palau was quietly arranged with cooperation with American officials. He reported they left, one or two at a time, on commercial flights. Palaun officials would not share the Uyghurs destination.References

External links

 <mask> <mask>'s Guantanamo detainee assessment via Wikileaks
 From Guantánamo to the United States: The Story of the Wrongly Imprisoned Uighurs Andy Worthington October 9, 2008
 Judge Ricardo Urbina’s unclassified opinion (redacted version)
 MOTIONS/STATUS HEARING - UIGHURS CASES BEFORE THE HONORABLE RICARDO M. URBINA
 Palau Uyghurs try to build new lives Kyodo News December 15, 2009

Chinese extrajudicial prisoners of the United States
Uyghurs
Living people
1979 births
Guantanamo detainees known to have been released
Chinese


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<mask> (born 9 January 1957) is a French priest and historian, professor of contemporary history at the Catholic University of Lyon. Works
Les Classiques païens dans les collèges catholiques ? Le combat de Mgr Gaume, (Histoire religieuse de la France, 6), Paris, Le Cerf, 1995, 485 p.
Sources et méthodes en histoire religieuse, Lyon, Profac, 2000, 192 p.
Béatifiés de l’an 2000. Pie IX, Jean XXIII, Guillaume-Joseph Chaminade, Dom Columba Marmion, Tommaso Reggio, Paris, , 2000, 204 p.
Guide bibliographique des sciences religieuses, Paris, Salvator, 2000, 488 p.
Le Concile Vatican II, (Tout simplement, 34), Paris, Éditions de l’Atelier, 2002, 192 p.
La Séparation des Églises et de l’État en Bourbonnais, Yzeure, Amis du Patrimoine Religieux en Bourbonnais, 2004, 283 p.
Genèse de la laïcité. À travers les textes fondamentaux de 1801 à 1959 (Droit civil ecclésiastique), Paris, Éditions du Cerf, 2005, 303 p.
Laïcat catholique et société française. Les Comités catholiques (1870-1905) (« Histoire religieuse de la France », 33), Paris, Le Cerf, 2008, 592 p.
Au cœur du monde. Henri Chaumont, un prêtre dans l’Esprit de Jésus, Éd.Beaurepaire – Société Saint-François-de-Sales, 2010, 292 p.
Vatican II raconté à ceux qui ne l’ont pas vécu, Paris, Éditions de l’Atelier, 2012, 111 p.
L’Église catholique à Montluçon au XXe siècle, Yzeure, APRB, 2012, 478 p.
Prêtres soldats dans la Grande Guerre. Les clercs bourbonnais sous les drapeaux, Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2014, 336 p. ill.
Université catholique de Lyon. Entre passé


texts:
 et avenir, Toulouse, Privat, 2015, 160 p. ill.
L’Église, la guerre et la paix, Paris, Le Cerf, 2016, 265 p.

in collaboration
 Nadine-Josette Chaline, Gardiens de la mémoire. Les monuments aux morts de la Grande Guerre dans l’Allier, Yzeure, Amis du Patrimoine religieux en Bourbonnais, 2008, 328 p.
Direction de : Vitraux du XIXe siècle en Bourbonnais-Auvergne, Yzeure, Amis du Patrimoine religieux en Bourbonnais, 1992, 145 p.
Direction de : L’Histoire en christianisme. Hommage à Jean Comby, Lyon, Profac, 2002, 116 p.
Direction de : La Séparation de 1905 : les hommes et les lieux, Paris, Éd. de l’Atelier, 2005, 274 p.
Direction de : Théologie et politique. Cent ans après la loi de 1905, Lyon, Profac, 2007, 326p.Codirection de : Le Diaconat permanent. Relectures et perspectives (« Théologies  »), Paris, Le Cerf, 2007, 375 p.
Codirection de : Jubilé et culte marial (Moyen Âge – Époque contemporaine), Publications de l’université de Saint-Étienne, 2009,

As publisher
Édition de Paul Pelletier, , évêque de Moulins (1850–1893), Charroux, Éditions des Cahiers Bourbonnais, 1994, 482 p.
Edition (en collaboration avec Jean-Noël Dumont) de Charles de Montalembert, L’Église libre dans l’État libre, précédé des Intérêts catholiques au XIXe siècle (La nuit surveillée), Paris, Le Cerf, 2010, 475 p.
Adaptation française de Manfred Heim, Les dates-clés de l’histoire de l’Église, Paris, Salvator, 2007, 352 p.
Édition de Michel Cancouët, L’Afrique au Concile. Journal d’un expert, Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2013, 240 p.

Last


texts:
 articles
« Bilan historiographique sur la séparation des Églises et de l’État en France », dans L’État sans confession. La laïcité à Genève (1907) et dans les contextes suisse et français (Michel Grandjean et Sarah Scholl dir. ), (« Histoire et société », 51), Genève, Labor et Fides, 2010, p. 139-170. « Réactions catholiques face aux tentatives d’union des Églises au début du XXe siècle », La Conférence missionnaire mondiale Édimbourg 1910. Histoire et missions chrétiennes, n° 13, mars 2010, p. 137-154.« Le groupe Chevalier et les réseaux lyonnais », dans Humanisme et philosophie citoyenne. Joseph Vialatoux et Jean Lacroix (Emmanuel Gabellieri et Paul Moreau dir. ), Paris, DDB – Lethielleux, 2010, p. 181-202. Notices “Bougon”, “Gonon”, “Jacquin”, “Penon”, “Quelen”, Dictionnaire des évêques de France au XXe siècle, (Dominique-Marie Dauzet et Frédéric Le Moigne dir. ), Paris, Le Cerf, 2010, p. 94-95, 305-306, 354-355, 518, 551-552. « L’engagement des laïcs catholiques au XIXe siècle », dans Les Laïcs en mission ecclésiale, Esprit et vie, hors série n° 2, novembre 2010, p. 19-36. « Jean-Marie Vianney, figure de prêtre, et sa réception dans l’histoire », Théophilyon, 2010, XV-2, p. 421-450.« Notices : "Montaignac (Louise de)", "Noaillat (Marthe de", "Raffin (Louise de)", "Tamisier (Émilie)" », dans : Anne Cova et Bruno Dumons dir., Destins de femmes. Religion, culture et société France XIXe-XXe siècles, (Mémoire chrétienne au présent), Paris, Letouzey et Ané, 2010, p. 290-292, 301-302, 339-340, 413-415. « Débats autour du


texts: culte des images en Église », Lignes de crêtes, n°10, (2010), p. 18-19. « El santo cura de Ars como figura de sacerdote y su recepción en la historia », dans : Gabina Uribarri Bilbao dir., El Ser sacerdotal. Fundamentos y dimensiones constitutivas,  (Publicaciones de la Universidad pontificia Comillas, Teología, 02), Madrid, San Pablo – Universidad pontificia Comillas, 2010, p. 265-283. « Lacordaire : un catholique libéral », Lumière et vie, tome LX-1, p. 57-66. « Le curé d’Ars et la Vierge Marie », María en los caminos de santidad cristiana.Ephemerides mariologicae, LXI-1, (January–March 2011), p. 33-46. « Regard rétrospectif sur l’apostolat des laïcs en France », Esprit et vie, n°237, juillet 2011, p. 13-22, n°238, août 2011, p. 10-20. « Le diocèse de Lyon et la loi de Séparation 1905 », La Grâce d’une cathédrale. Lyon primatiale des Gaules, (Philippe Barbarin dir. ), Strasbourg, La Nuée bleue, 2011, p. 443-449. « Émile Amagat (1841–1915) », Revue de l’Université catholique de Lyon, n°20, 2011, p. 87-90. « Autour de Charles de Montalembert : un parti catholique ?», Les catholiques et la démocratie, (Jean-Noël Dumont dir. ), Lyon, Le collège supérieur, 2012, p. 29-51. « Réflexions sur l’herméneutique de Vatican II », La Documentation catholique, n°2483, 5 February 2012, p. 145-148. « Les Comités catholiques. Pour la restauration d’une monarchie chrétienne en France ? », “Blancs” et contre-révolutionnaires en Europe. Espaces, réseaux, cultures et mémoires (fin XVIIIe – début XXe siècles) (Bruno Dumons et Hilaire Multon


texts: dir.), (« Collection de l’École française de Rome »), Rome, École française, 2011, p. 295-305. « Charles de Montalembert et Louis Veuillot », Charles de Montalembert et ses contemporains, (Jean-Noël Dumont dir. ), (La nuit surveillée), Paris, Le Cerf, 2012, p. 67-84. “Regard sur l’histoire de l’Église catholique à Montluçon au XXe siècle”, Bulletin des Amis de Montluçon, n° 63 (2012), p. 7-28. “Le synode des évêques sur les laïcs de 1987”, Théophilyon, XVII-1, 2012, p. 153-171. “L’Université catholique de Lyon des origines au milieu du XXe siècle”, Les universités et instituts catholiques. Regards sur leur histoire (1870-1950), (Guy Bedouelle et Olivier Landron dir.), Paris, Parole et Silence, 2012, p. 35-50. “Vatican II et les signes des temps”, Spiritus, 208, septembre 2012, p. 263-270 ; trad. espagnole, Spiritus. Edicion hispanoamericana, 208, septembre 2012, p. 97-103. “Mgr Odon Thibaudier (1823-1892)”, Revue de l’Université catholique de Lyon, n° 22, 2012, p. 71-73. “La liberté religieuse comme refus de domination”, Lignes de crêtes, n°17, octobre-décembre 2012, p. 19-20. “Sources et élaboration de l’histoire du concile Vatican II”, Archives de l’Église de France, n°78, 2nd semester 2012, p. 27-29.“Un concile, pour quoi faire ?”, Vatican II, un concile pour le monde, Monaco, Archevêché de Monaco, 2013, p. 15-31. L’usage de la notion de ‘signes des temps’ au concile Vatican II”, Signes des temps, traces de Dieu. Théophilyon, tome XVIII, vol. 1, 2013, p. 27-44. “Notes pour servir à l’histoire des églises de


texts: Neuilly-le-Réal, Saint-Pourçain-sur-Besbre et Vaumas, visitées lors de l’excursion du mois de juin 2013”, Nos églises bourbonnaises, n° 26 (2013), p. 25-90. “Les Comités catholiques et l’apprentissage de la modération (1870-1905)”, Les « chrétiens modérés » en France et en Europe, 1870-1960, (Jacques Prévotat et Jean Vavasseur-Desperriers dir. ), Villeneuve d’Ascq, Presses universitaires du Septentrion, 2013, p. 179-193.“Le concile Vatican II dans la province d’Auvergne”, Actes des journées Anniversaire Vatican II, Clermont-Ferrand, ITA, 2013, p. 19-32. “Montalembert et le défi du choix de la liberté”, Montalembert pensatore europeo, (Manuel Ceretta et Mario Tesini dir. ), Roma, Ed. Studium, 2013, p. 289-306. “La résistance spirituelle à la lecture des Cahiers du témoignage chrétien”, Résistance de l’esprit – esprit de Résistance. Échos saléviens, n° 21, Annecy, La Salévienne, 2014, p. 95-103. “Emmanuel Mounier à la prison Saint-Paul de Lyon”, Revue de l’Université catholique de Lyon, n° 25, juin 2014, p. 9-16.“Pascal Thomas. Des laïcs acteurs d’une théologie pratique”, Les laïcs prennent la parole. Débats et controverses dans le catholicisme après Vatican II. Actes du colloque 30 janvier – 1er février 2014, (Jean-François Galinnier-Pallerola, Philippe Foro et Augustin Laffay dir. ), Paris, Parole et Silence, 2014, p. 183-201. “L’église Sainte-Croix [de Gannat] à l’époque contemporaine”, Nos églises bourbonnaises, n°27 (2014), p. 58-86. “L’université au fil de l’histoire”, Théophilyon, tome XIX-2, 2014, p. 315-329.“De


texts:
 Léon XIII à Pie XI, la référence à la ‘chrétienté’, hier, aujourd’hui, demain”, dans La mémoire chrétienne, une mémoire sélective, (Jean-Marie Gueulette dir. ), Paris, Le Cerf, 2015, p. 13-29. “Correspondance de guerre de l’abbé Georges Malvielle”, La Feuille de garance, n° 36, July 2015, p. 30-45. “L’Église et la ‘pastorale de la peur’”, L’inquiétude : peut-on y échapper ? Croire, n° 301, September 2015, p. 29-32. “Églises et vie religieuse dans la région gannatoise : Charroux, Naves, Veauce, Vicq. Excursion du 8 mai 2015”, Nos églises bourbonnaises, n° 28, novembre 2015, p. 37-108.“Prêtres et séminaristes bourbonnais prisonniers de guerre (1914-1918)”, Bulletin de la Société d’histoire et d’archéologie de Vichy et de ses environs, n° 1165, 2nd semester 2015, p. 7-27. “L’Université catholique de Lyon de 1965 à nos jours”, 50 ans de catholicisme à Lyon. De Vatican II à nos jours (1965-2015), (Bernadette Angleraud, Valérie Aubourg et Olivier Charelan dir. ), (« Histoire des mondes chrétiens »), Paris, Karthala, 2016, 183-195. External links
 <mask>et on data.bnf.fr
 <mask>et on Laboratoire de Recherche historique Rhône-Alpes
 <mask>, Figures et courants du catholicisme français contemporain on Chrétiens et société
 Père <mask>et - Vatican II: le destin contrasté de deux constitutions concilaires on YouTube
  <mask>, Guide bibliographique des sciences religieuses. 2000 (note bibliographique) on Persée
 Publications on CAIRN

20th-century French historians
21st-century French historians
French historians of religion
1957

masks:
Daniel Moulin
Daniel Moulin
Daniel Moulinet
Daniel Moulin
Daniel Moulinet


texts:
<mask> (born 15 January 1983) is an Irish former footballer, who played most of his career with League of Ireland side St Patrick's Athletic, as well as English club Birmingham City. He played predominantly as a central midfielder, but also occasionally as a winger. Fahey started his professional career as a trainee with Arsenal. He played for Aston Villa, Bluebell United, St Patrick's Athletic and Drogheda United before his transfer to Birmingham City. With Birmingham City he won the 2011 League Cup in England, as well as helping the club gain promotion from the Football League Championship to the Premier League during the 2008–09 season. He left the club at the end of the 2012–13 season, and returned to St Patrick's Athletic for a third spell with the club. With the Republic of Ireland national team, Fahey gained 16 caps.He was part of the squad that secured qualification for UEFA Euro 2012. Manager Giovanni Trapattoni called <mask> into the Irish squad for the tournament, but he was later sent home due to injury. Club career

Early career
Fahey started his professional career as a trainee with Arsenal before signing for Aston Villa in April 2000 for a fee of £250,000. He played for Villa's youth and reserve teams, but never made a first-team appearance. Return to Ireland
Having failed to settle in England, Fahey returned home in 2003. He initially played a few games in non-League football for Bluebell United, before a six-week trial at St Patrick's Athletic led to a contract. He made his League of Ireland debut and had a goal disallowed at Waterford United on 21 April.He contributed to St Pats's victory in the League of Ireland Cup and scored a "stunning" free kick in extra time of the

masks:
Keith Declan Fahey
Fahey


texts:
 semi-final replay against Bohemians to reach the FAI Cup final. However the final turned out to be very disappointing for both team and player, who was sent off for a "two-footed lunge" on Longford Town's Sean Prunty after 77 minutes as the Saints lost 2–0. He joined Drogheda United in exchange for Alan Reilly and a cash adjustment in July 2005. He was involved in Mark Leech's golden goal that won the Setanta Cup for Drogheda in April 2006, but a few months later was released, following a disagreement with manager Paul Doolin, and returned to St Pats. RTÉ reported that "Danger man Fahey was quieter than usual" as Pats lost 2–0 to Hertha BSC in the first round of the 2008–09 UEFA Cup, held at the Olympiastadion; however, in the second leg, despite Pats' "excellent performance" failing to overturn the deficit, an RTÉ feature picked out "<mask>'s control of the game, dictating almost every Pat's attack with that delicate but incisive right foot of his. Fahey stood head and shoulders above the many highly decorated full internationals in the Hertha team, showing the full range of his passing from deep and from close range, and generally showing a poise and guile on the ball that you would not expect from a League of Ireland player amongst such illustrious company." His performances for St Pats in 2008, in which he scored 11 goals in all competitions, earned Fahey the PFAI Player of the Year award.He also won Monday Night Soccers 2008 Goal of the Season. After Pats were beaten by Bohemians in the FAI Cup, <mask> declared that he wished to move to an English club to further his career. Birmingham City
On 2 December 2008, Fahey signed a pre-contract agreement with Football League Championship

masks:
Keith Fey
Fahey


texts: side Birmingham City to join the club when the transfer window opened in January 2009. The Irish season having finished, <mask> joined up with Birmingham in mid-December for training, though manager Alex McLeish suggested supporters should not "expect him to walk straight into the team" when he became eligible in January. <mask> made his Birmingham debut on 17 January 2009, coming on as a late substitute in a 1–1 draw against Cardiff City. He scored his first goal for the club, a "delicate lob" which the player admitted was meant to be a cross, to clinch a 2–0 home victory against Nottingham Forest on 14 February. His second goal gave the Blues a 1–0 home win over Southampton some weeks later.<mask> retained his place in the side for the rest of the season (keeping loan signings Scott Sinclair and Hameur Bouazza out of the starting eleven), and was a key player for Birmingham in their successful bid for promotion to the Premier League, scoring a goal and making a goal in a vital 2–1 win at Reading on the last day of the campaign. <mask> made his Premier League debut in the opening game of the 2009–10 season at Old Trafford, in the 1–0 defeat against Manchester United. He made 34 appearances in his first Premier League season (18 of which he started), but failed to score all season, as Birmingham finished in ninth place, their highest ever position in the Premier League. In July 2010, Fahey's contract was extended to 2013, in recognition of his having "proved to [McLeish] that he's a Premier League player". He was part of the starting eleven as Birmingham won the 2011 League Cup, defeating favourites Arsenal 2–1 at Wembley Stadium. However, the season would prove to be less successful for

masks: Fahey Fahey Fahey Fahey


texts: both player and club, with Fahey making only 24 appearances in the league (although he did score his first Premier League goal), and Birmingham finishing 18th, and being relegated on the last day of the season, following a 2–1 defeat to Tottenham Hotspur. Following relegation from the Premier League at the end of the 2010–11 season, Barry Ferguson and Lee Bowyer left the club, giving <mask> the chance to establish himself in his preferred central position.After recovering from hernia surgery early in the 2011–12 season, he partnered Jonathan Spector in a solid midfield supporting two attacking wide players. Later in the season, he played a defensive support role alongside the more attacking Jordon Mutch, and manager Chris Hughton suggested he was "enjoying playing in that central role and he's enjoying the development he's had there all season". When he suffered a groin problem that caused him to miss the last few weeks of the season, Hughton called it "a real blow for us ... because he's a player that has been in really good form". He scored four goals during the season, including "a venomous left-foot drive from 20 yards" at Barnsley and a goal he "couldn't have hit ... any sweeter first time, or with any more power" at home to Crystal Palace that earned him the club's Goal of the Season award. Fahey returned to the team in mid-September, and made seven appearances, four of which were starts. In November, he returned home to Ireland on indefinite compassionate leave for personal and family reasons. After two months away, Fahey took part in pre-season training with Shamrock Rovers, ahead of a full fitness assessment which preceded his return to training with Birmingham in


texts:
 mid-February.However, <mask> was ruled out for the rest of the season in April with a recurrence of a hip problem, having played just twice since his return from compassionate leave. At the end of the season, Fahey announced he was leaving Birmingham as the club had decided not to take up their option to extend his contract. Return to St. Patrick's Athletic
After a few months out of the game, Fahey trained with Sheffield United in October 2013. Following this, he returned to Ireland, where he rejoined his old club St Patrick's Athletic on 23 December 2013. Commenting on his move back to Richmond Park, he said "Both the fans and the club have always been great to me, and the stability of the club behind the scenes really made me want to come back and play my football in Inchicore again." He made his third debut for the club in a 2–1 victory over Dundalk on 17 February 2014 in a Leinster Senior Cup match, scoring a free kick. On 2 March 2014, Fahey scored the only goal as St Patrick's Athletic became the first team to win the FAI President's Cup, defeating Sligo Rovers in the process.His goal drew praise from Republic of Ireland manager Martin O'Neill and from Sligo Rovers' Alan Keane, who stated "A wonder goal won it, it was a great strike. No keeper in the world could have saved that." Fahey started the first day of the season in the 1–1 away draw against Cork City. In the 1–1 draw away to Legia Warsaw in the second qualifying round of the UEFA Champions League, his through ball found Ian Bermingham who crossed for Christy Fagan's goal that gave Pats the lead. He started the return leg in Tallaght in which Pats lost 5–0. Fahey scored his first goal of the season against UCD in a 3–2 win.


texts:
 Overall Fahey made 26 league appearances scoring two goals throughout the season.Shamrock Rovers
On 11 November 2014, <mask> switched to Shamrock Rovers. He announced his retirement in August 2015 having failed to recover from knee surgery. His last ever game of professional football was the 2–1 FAI Cup loss to his old club St Patrick's Athletic at Richmond Park as he was substituted off with his knee injury. Return to Bluebell United
In 2017, Fahey returned to senior football and linked up with his former club Bluebell United in the Leinster Senior League Senior Division. Fahey played three games for Bluebell, a 3–0 FAI Cup First Round win over Sherriff YC, a 1–0 win over League of Ireland First Division side Cabinteely in the next round of the cup (Fahey was sent off in the last minute making him miss the FAI Cup Quarter final away to Shamrock Rovers) and his final appearance in football came in a 5–1 defeat of Firhouse Clover in a top-of-the-table Leinster Senior League clash. Fahey retired from football in November 2017 after twisting his knee in training once again, later stating that "I'm glad now that it's (his career) finished. I am at the right place now, 100 percent."International career
<mask> played for the Republic of Ireland at the 2000 UEFA European Under-16 Football Championship and scored against their English counterparts. He also played at the 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship, where he contributed to Ireland topping their group to reach the knockout stages. In the second round match against Colombia under-20, he came on as a late substitute to assist Kevin Doyle's goal and help turn the game around, coming back from a two-goal deficit only to lose on the golden goal.

masks: Fahey Fahey


texts:
 On 25 May 2010, Fahey won his first senior cap for the Republic of Ireland in a 2–1 win against Paraguay at the RDS Arena, replacing Damien Duff in the 77th minute. He made his first start against Argentina on 12 August, in the first international match at the new Aviva Stadium. Fahey scored his first goal for the Republic of Ireland eight minutes into his competitive debut, coming off the bench to score the only goal in a Euro 2012 qualifying win over Armenia in Yerevan on 3 September 2010. On his first competitive start, in a 1–1 draw against Slovakia in Žilina on 12 October, Fahey delivered the free kick that led to Ireland's goal, scored by Sean St.Ledger. In February 2011, he scored his second goal for Ireland in a 3–0 defeat of Wales in the 2011 Nations Cup, and his third came in March 2011, a penalty against Uruguay. <mask> was part of the squad that clinched victory in the inaugural Nations Cup with a 1–0 win over Scotland on 29 May 2011 at the Aviva Stadium. He was called into the UEFA Euro 2012 squad but withdrew due to injury before the tournament. Career statistics
Club

International

International goals

Honours
ClubSt Patrick's AthleticLeague of Ireland Cup: 2003
President's Cup: 2014
Leinster Senior Cup: 2014
FAI Cup: 2014Drogheda UnitedSetanta Sports Cup: 2006Birmingham CityFootball League Championship runner-up: 2008–09
Football League Cup: 2011

InternationalRepublic of Ireland'''
Nations Cup: 2011

Individual
PFAI Players' Player of the Year: 2008
Monday Night Soccer Goal of the Season: 2008
Birmingham City Goal of the Season: 2011–12 (vs Crystal Palace)

References
Infobox statistics
Aston Villa, St Patrick's Athletic, Drogheda United, Birmingham City:
Republic of


texts:
 Ireland under-20:
Republic of Ireland:

Specific

External links

<mask>'s second coming of age: Interview with Irish Independent'' newspaper

1983 births
Living people
Association footballers from Dublin (city)
Republic of Ireland association footballers
Association football midfielders
Republic of Ireland international footballers
Republic of Ireland youth international footballers
Cherry Orchard F.C. players
Arsenal F.C. players
Aston Villa F.C.players
Bluebell United F.C. players
St Patrick's Athletic F.C. players
Drogheda United F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. players
Shamrock Rovers F.C. players
League of Ireland players
English Football League players
Premier League players
Republic of Ireland expatriate association footballers
Expatriate footballers in England
Irish expatriate sportspeople in England
Leinster Senior League (association football)


texts:
<mask> (March 26, 1916 – May 12, 2001) was an American curator, art historian, and a specialist on the works of Goya. She was the first woman to serve as departmental curator at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Working as curator of prints and drawings, she collected Goya's etchings from museums around the world to catalogue and create international exhibits. She was awarded a knighthood with the Lazo de Dama in the Order of Isabella the Catholic by Spain in 1975 and the Gold Medal of Merit in the Fine Arts in 1991. Early life

<mask> was born on March 26, 1916 at Jefferson Hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Jessie Woodrow (née Wilson) and <mask>, Sr. She was the granddaughter of President Woodrow Wilson, who served as her godfather at her christening on 11 November 1916 at St. John's Protestant Episcopal Church in Williamstown, Massachusetts. Her mother was active with the YWCA and women's rights organizations, while her father was a law professor at Harvard Law School and later the Assistant Secretary of State, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and a diplomat. When she was three years old, the family relocated from Williamstown to Cambridge, Massachusetts and then in 1923, moved to Siam, where Sayre's father worked as an advisor to the Siamese government, until 1929, when they returned to Cambridge.She studied art at Bryn Mawr College, graduating with a bachelor's degree in 1938. While looking for a summer job, after graduation, Sayre interviewed with Paul J. Sachs at Harvard University's Fogg Art Museum and was hired to work in the print department. Finding that she enjoyed working with prints, Sayer enrolled in graduate courses at Harvard, where she studied for two years under Sachs. She

masks:
Eleanor Axson Sayre
Eleanor Axson Sayre
Francis Bowes Sayre


texts:
 also developed an interest in Goya when Philip Hofer, founder of Harvard's department of printing and graphic arts suggested she might find the artist interesting. Career
Sayre began her career at the Yale University Art Gallery and in 1942 continued her career with a brief post at the Lyman Allyn Museum in New London, Connecticut. That same year, she was hired as an assistant curator in the education department and worked at the Rhode Island School of Design Museum in Providence. In 1945, she joined the staff of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, working under Henry Rossiter.In 1951 when Rossiter bought the proofs of Goya's series The Disasters of War, which had at one time been owned by Sir William Stirling-Maxwell, 9th Baronet, Sayre began studying the prints. In 1954, she secured a grant from the American Philosophical Society to conduct research in Spain on Goya's prints. Five years later, in 1959, she identified "the earliest known drawing by Goya" in a folio containing what had been tagged as sporting prints from England. In 1960, <mask> was promoted to assistant curator of prints and drawings and in 1963, she was awarded a Ford Foundation grant to return to Spain to make further study of Goya's works. That same year, she identified a Goya miniature and was able to authenticate its pedigree, prompting the MFA to purchase the piece. In 1967, she became the curator of prints and drawings when Rossiter retired, making her the first woman to head a department at the Museum since it was founded 97 years earlier. With her staff of six employees, Sayer aimed to improve the holdings of the museum.Among exhibits which she prepared were 300 Dürer prints from the collection of Tomás Harris and a collection of


texts: Rembrandt prints. Beginning in the 1970s, she taught print seminars at Harvard and in 1971 wrote Late Caprichos by Goya: Fragments from a Series, as her commentary and notes on a series of works by Goya. She developed an innovative exchange with Hugh MacAndrew from the Ashmolean Museum, where the two spent 1975 living in each other's homes and working each other's careers. That same year, Sayre assembled an exhibition of 255 Goya works called The Changing Image: Prints by Francisco Goya which illustrated how the artist developed an idea from the preliminary study of a subject through the final printed version. To create the exhibit, she joined holdings from the Boston MFA with drawings from Madrid's Museo del Prado and proofs borrowed from the Art Institute of Chicago, the Biblioteca Nacional de España, and the British Museum. Included were the graphic images of the devastation of war in the series called Disasters, his prints depicting vices plaguing Spain which were called Caprichos (capriciousness), the series demonstrating the absurdity of humanity named Disparates (nonsense), and his works recording the history of the bullfight, known as Tauromaquia. The traveling exhibit was presented at various international museums, including the National Gallery of Canada and the Lang Gallery of Claremont Colleges, near Los Angeles, California.In appreciation of her scholarship on Goya, Sayre was awarded the Lazo de Dama of the Order of Isabella the Catholic from the Spanish crown in 1975. In 1977, Sayre curated an exhibit on Beatrix Potter, combining drawings and book illustrations with a mini-zoo, provided by the Boston park system. Retiring in 1984, she continued to support the MFA as curator emeritus,


texts:
 organizing Goya and the Spirit of Enlightenment in 1989 for the museum. Once again, calling on worldwide museums, such as the Prado and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, she worked with Alfonso Pérez Sánchez, director of the Prado, to create the scholarly catalogue and exhibit featuring 200 of Goya's works. The catalogue explored how Goya's images serve to reflect the philosophical and political realities of his time. In 1991, she was awarded the Gold Medal of Merit in the Fine Arts by Juan Carlos I, King of Spain. Death and legacy
Sayre died in her home at Cambridge, Massachusetts on May 12, 2001.She was known during her lifetime as the "foremost American authority on Goya's graphic work". References

Citations

Bibliography

  and

  and

External links
Oral History Interview of Sayre by Robert F. Brown, for the Smithsonian's Archives of American Art

1916 births
2001 deaths
People from Philadelphia
People from Cambridge, Massachusetts
Bryn Mawr College alumni
Harvard University alumni
American art curators
American women curators
Recipients of the Order of Isabella the Catholic
Woodrow Wilson family
20th-century American women
American art historians
Women art historians
Historians from Pennsylvania
Historians from Massachusetts
American women historians
20th-century American


texts:
<mask> was born in 1949, Havana, Cuba, and raised in Miami, Florida. He attended Miami-Dade Community College, the University of Miami,  and the University of Michigan, where he earned a Ph.D. in Comparative Literature. He taught at Duke University from 1979 to 1999 and is the David Feinson Professor in the Humanities at Columbia University. He serves on the editorial advisory board of Chiricú. Honors
<mask> is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and has been the recipient of fellowships from the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the American Council of Learned Societies, and the Mellon Foundation. In 1995, <mask>t was named Duke University Scholar/Teacher of the Year. In 1997 Newsweek included him among “100 Americans to watch for the 21st century” and Hispanic Business Magazine selected him as one of the “100 most influential Hispanics” in the United States.In 2004 he was named one of New York’s thirty “outstanding Latinos” by El Diario La Prensa. He was featured in the documentary CubAmerican and in the 2013 PBS series Latino Americans. See also

 Latino literature

Works
<mask> is the author of  books and essays on Latinx literature, philosophy, and culture. His books of literary and cultural criticism include:

 Idle Fictions (Duke, 1982; rev. ed. 1993)
 Literature and Liminality (Duke, 1986)
 The Cuban Condition (Cambridge, 1989; rpt. 2005)
 Do the Americas Have a Common Literature?(Duke, 1990)
 Life on the Hyphen (Texas, 1994, Rpt. 1996, 1999; revised and expanded edition 2012); Spanish version: Vidas en vilo, Colibrí, 2000; rev. ed. Hypermedia, 2015)
 My Own Private Cuba

masks:
Gustavo Pérez Firmat
Pérez Firmat
Pérez Firma
Pérez Firmat


texts:
 (Colorado, 1999)
 Cincuenta lecciones de exilio y desexilio (Universal, 2000; rev. ed. Hypermedia, 2016)
 Tongue Ties (Palgrave, 2003)
 The Havana Habit (Yale, 2010)
 The Norton Anthology of Latino Literature [Co-editor] (Norton, 2010)
 A Cuban in Mayberry: Looking Back at America's Hometown (Texas, 2014)
 Sin lengua, deslenguado (Ediciones Cátedra, 2017)
Poesía romántica inglesa by Heberto Padilla [Editor] (Linden Lane Press, 2018)
He has also published several collections of poetry in English and Spanish: Carolina Cuban (Bilingual Press, 1987), Equivocaciones (Betania, 1989), Bilingual Blues (Bilingual Press, 1995); Scar Tissue (Bilingual Press, 2005); The Last Exile (Finishing Line Press, 2016); Viejo verde (Main Street Rag, 2019); a novel, Anything But Love (Arte Público, 2000); and a memoir, Next Year in Cuba: A Cubano's Coming-of-Age in America (Doubleday 1995; rev. ed.2000; rpt. Arte Público, 2005; Spanish version: El año que viene estamos en Cuba, Arte Público, 1997). <mask>’s poems have appeared in many magazines, journals and anthologies. Next Year in Cuba was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize in non-fiction in 1995. Life on the Hyphen was awarded the Eugene M. Kayden Award for 1994 and received Honorable Mention in the Modern Language Association’s Katherine Singer Kovács Prize and the Latin American Studies Association’s Bryce Wood Book Award. References

 www.gustavoperezfirmat.com
 Alonso Gallo, Laura. "Un largo archipiélago de otras incubaciones: La condición cubana del exilio en la obra de <mask> Firmat."Revista Hispano Cubana 13 (2002). Álvarez Borland, Isabel. Cuban-American Literature of Exile: From Person to Persona.

masks:
Pérez Firmat
Gustavo Pérez


texts:
 Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998. Dalleo, Raphael, and Elena Machado Sáez. The Latino/a Canon and the Emergence of Post-Sixties Literature. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. pp.133–158. Figueredo, D.H. "<mask>, <mask> (1949-)." The Encyclopedia of Caribbean Literature. Vol. 2: M-Z. Edited by Danilo Figueredo. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2006: 624-625.López, Iraida H., "The Notion of Volver in Cuban-American Memoirs: <mask> <mask>'s Next Year in Cuba as a Case of Mistaken Coordinates." South Atlantic Review 77.3-4 (2012): 59-76. Lowe, John Wharton. "Southern Ajiaco: Miami and the Generation of Cuban American Writing." in Calypso Magnolia: The Crosscurrents of Caribbean and Southern Literature. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2016. 243-338.Luis, William, "Exiled Hyphenated Identities in <mask> Firmat's Next Year in Cuba." Cuban-American Literature and Art: Negotiating Identities. Edited by Isabel Álvarez Borland and Lynette M. Bosch. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009. 93-107. Rolando <mask> (Cuban poet). “Bilingual Blues.” (<mask>-Firmat).Encyclopedia of Hispanic-American Literature. Edited by Luz Elena Ramírez. NY: Facts on File 2008: 37-38. Torres, Rodolfo D., and Francisco H. Vázquez. Latino/a Thought: Culture, Politics, and Society. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003. Interviews
 A Poet's Truth: Conversations With Latino/Latina Poets.Interview by Bruce Allen Dick. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2003. "<mask> Firmat, poeta deslenguado." Interview by José Antonio Martínez. "Los personas del verbo." Onda regional de Murcia, November 25, 2017. "<mask> Firmat, con la lengua

masks:
Pérez Firmat
Gustavo
Gustavo Pérez
Firmat
Gustavo Pérez
Pérez
Gustavo Pérez
Gustavo Pérez
Gustavo Pérez


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 afuera."Interview by Yannelys Aparicio. Revista Letral 19 (2017): 139-145. "Un barrio de La Habana llamado Miami, un suburbio de Miami llamado La Habana." Interview by Jorge Enrique Lage. Hypermedia Magazine. April 20, 2016. https://hypermediamagazine.com/2016/04/19/jorge-enrique-lage-un-barrio-de-la-habana-llamado-miami-un-suburbio-de-miami-llamado-la-habana
"Living in Parts, Dreaming of Wholeness." Interview by Aneta Pavlenko.Psychology Today. March 22, 2016. https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/life-bilingual/201603/living-in-parts-dreaming-wholeness
 "¿Existe una literatura cubanoamericana? "Interview by José Prats Sariol. Diario de Cuba, January 18, 2014. http://www.diariodecuba.com/cultura/1389988797_6740.html
 "For a Bilingual Writer No One True Language." National Public Radio Morning Edition. October 17, 2011.  http://npr.org/2011/10/17/141368408/for-a-bilingual-writer-no-one-true-language
 “El Derecho a la Equivocación: Conversación con <mask> Firmat." Interview by Rolando <mask> (Cuban poet).Boletín de la Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española. No. 14. 2011: 351-363. https://www.academia.edu/4895461/_El_Derecho_a_la_Equivocaci%C3%B3n_Conversaci%C3%B3n_con_Gustavo_P%C3%A9rez_Firmat_

Columbia University faculty
Duke University faculty
Latin Americanists
Living people
Miami Dade College alumni
20th-century Cuban poets
Cuban male poets
Cuban male novelists
American male novelists
Cuban essayists
American male essayists
Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies alumni
21st-century Cuban poets
21st-century male writers
Year of birth missing (living people)
University of Miami alumni
20th-century Cuban novelists
21st-century

masks:
Gustavo Pérez
Pérez


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<mask> is a neuroscientist and Assistant Professor in the Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City. Rajan trained in engineering, biophysics, and neuroscience, and has pioneered novel methods and models to understand how the brain processes sensory information. Her research seeks to understand how important cognitive functions — such as learning, remembering, and deciding — emerge from the cooperative activity of multi-scale neural processes, and how those processes are affected by various neuropsychiatric disease states. The resulting integrative theories about the brain bridge neurobiology and artificial intelligence. Early life and education
Rajan was born and raised in India. She completed a Bachelors of Technology (B.Tech.) from the Center for Biotechnology at Anna University in Tamil Nadu, India in 2000, majoring in Industrial Biotechnology and graduating with distinction.In 2002, Rajan pursued a post-graduate degree in Neuroscience at Brandeis University, where she did experimental rotations with Eve Marder and Gina G. Turrigiano, before joining Larry Abbott's laboratory where she completed her master's degree (MA). In 2005 she transferred to the Ph.D. program in Neuroscience at Columbia University when Dr. Abbott moved from Brandeis to Columbia, and began her Ph.D. with Abbott at the Center for Theoretical Neuroscience. Doctoral research
In Rajan's graduate work, she used mathematical modelling to address neurobiological questions. The main component of her thesis was the development of a theory for how the brain interprets subtle sensory cues within the context of its internal experiential and motivational state to extract unambiguous representations of the external world. This line of work focused on the mathematical analysis of neural networks containing excitatory and inhibitory types to model neurons and their synaptic connections. Her work showed that increasing the widths of the distributions of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic strengths dramatically changes the eigenvalue distributions. In a biological context, these findings suggest that having a variety of cell types with different distributions of synaptic strength would impact network dynamics and that synaptic


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 strength distributions can be measured to probe the characteristics of network dynamics.Electrophysiology and imaging studies in many brain regions have since validated the predictions of this phase transition hypothesis. To do this work, powerful methods from random matrix theory and statistical mechanics were employed. Rajan's early, influential work with Abbott and Haim Sompolinsky integrated physics methodology into mainstream neuroscience research — initially by creating experimentally verifiable predictions, and today by cementing these tools as an essential component of the data modelling arsenal. Rajan completed her Ph.D. in 2009. Postdoctoral research
From 2010 to 2018, Rajan worked as a postdoctoral research fellow at Princeton University with theoretical biophysicist William Bialek and neuroscientist David W. Tank. At Princeton, she and her colleagues developed and employed a broad set of tools from physics, engineering, and computer science to build new conceptual frameworks for describing the relationship between cognitive processes and biophysics across many scales of biological organization. Modelling feature selectivity
In Rajan's postdoctoral work with Bialek, she explored an innovative method for modelling the neural phenomenon of feature selectivity.Feature selectivity is the idea that neurons are tuned to respond to specific and discrete components of the incoming sensory information, and later these individual components are merged to generate an overall perception of the sensory landscape. To understand how the brain might receive complex inputs but detect individual features, Rajan treated the problem like a dimensionality reduction instead of the typical linear model approach. Rajan showed, using quadratic forms as features of a stimulus, that the maximally informative variables can be found without prior assumptions of their characteristics. This approach allows for unbiased estimates of the receptive fields for stimuli. Recurrent neural network modelling
Rajan then worked with David Tank to show that sequential activation of neurons, a common feature in working memory and decision making, can be demonstrated when starting from neural network models with random connectivity. The process, termed “Partial In-Network Training”, is used as


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 both model and to match real neural data from the posterior parietal cortex during behavior. Rather than feedforward connections, the neural sequences in their model propagate through the network via recurrent synaptic interactions as well as being guided by external inputs.Their modelling highlighted the potential that learning can derive from highly unstructured network architectures. This work uncovered how sensitivity to natural stimuli arises in neurons, how this selectivity influences sensorimotor learning, and how the neural sequences observed in different brain regions arise from minimally plastic, largely disordered circuits – published in Neuron. Career and research
In June 2018, <mask> became an Assistant Professor in the Department of Neuroscience and the Friedman Brain Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. As the Principal Investigator of the Rajan Lab for Brain Research and AI in NY (BRAINY), her work focuses on integrative theories to describe how behavior emerges from the cooperative activity of multi-scale neural processes. To gain insight into fundamental brain processes such as learning, memory, multitasking, or reasoning, Rajan develops theories based on neural network architectures inspired by biology as well as mathematical and computational frameworks that are often used to extract information from neural and behavioral data. These theories use neural network models flexible enough to accommodate various levels of biological detail at the neuronal, synaptic, and circuit levels. She uses a cross-disciplinary approach that provides critical insights into how neural circuits learn and execute functions, ranging from working memory to decision making, reasoning, and intuition, putting her in a unique position to advance our understanding of how important acts of cognition work.Her models are based on experimental data (e.g., calcium imaging, electrophysiology, and behavior experiments) and on new and existing mathematical and computational frameworks derived from machine learning and statistical physics. Rajan continues to apply recurrent neural network modelling to behavioral and neural data. In collaboration with Karl Deisseroth and his team at Stanford University, such models revealed that circuit interactions within the