texts:
 his detention, and the judgment of the Lahore High Court was authored by Nasim Hasan Shah, J. and is reported as: Mrs. Habiba <mask> V Federation of Pakistan (PLD 1974 Lahore 153)

A smear campaign was launched against him. In a crackdown on his party, <mask> was arrested in 1973. Bhutto then attempted to bribe <mask> with offers of high positions—all to no avail. He was frequently arrested, but all charges against him were repeatedly dismissed by the courts. Amnesty International adopted him as a "prisoner of conscience" in 1974. In jail, <mask> managed to escape from his guards during a hospital visit in 1975 and got political asylum in the United States. He became a US citizen in 1981, and died at his daughter's home in Fairfax, Virginia on 1 March 2004.Member Provincial Assembly (NWFP) 1970–77

Bibliography
Judgments on the Constitution, Rule of Law, and Martial Law in Pakistan by Chief Justice Dr Nasim Hassan Shah, edited by Prof Dr M A Mannan (OUP 1993)
Pakistan. Problems of Governance by Mushahid Hussain & Akmal Hussain (Vanguard Books 1993) (p. 30, 87 & 90)

References

1913 births
2004 deaths
Aligarh Muslim University alumni
Amnesty International prisoners of conscience held by Pakistan
British Indian Army officers
Forman Christian College alumni
Foreign recipients of the Legion of Merit
Frontier Force Regiment officers
Indian Army personnel of World War II
Indian prisoners of war
People with acquired American citizenship
Pakistani emigrants to the United States
Pakistani generals
People from Sibi District
World War II prisoners of war held by Japan
Pakistani escapees
Escapees from Pakistani detention
Pakistani torture victims
Indian Military Academy

masks: Jilani Jilani Jilani Jilani


type: original

texts:
<mask> (born 2 February 1988) is an Australian photographer and filmmaker. Based in Perth, his work often mixes with his interests in music, travel and volunteering. Seng frequently collaborates with English singer Passenger, serving as his tour photographer on seven tours between 2012 and 2015, as well as directing many of his music videos. Seng has also toured with American band Matchbox Twenty and Australian folk singer Stu Larsen. His personal photographic work has seen him traveling to both Tanzania and Iceland twice. Seng has held four solo exhibitions — Portraits of Tanzania (2011), Alltervatn (2013), Spirit of the Masaai (2014) and The Space Between (2015) — and a collaborative exhibition, Parallels (2016), with Perth-based artist Amok Island. Seng received international media coverage in December 2014 after a prank video, in which he walked around a music festival disguised as American DJ Steve Aoki, went viral.In 2013, Seng was a finalist in the Propel Youth Arts Award category at the 2013 WA Youth Awards. Seng competed in season four of Australian Survivor, which began airing in late July 2017. Early life
Seng was born in the rural Western Australian mining town of Newman. His father, Kim, is Malaysian and his mother, Alice, is a Christmas Islander of Chinese descent. The family moved to Mandurah when Seng was three years old. He attended primary and high school at Frederick Irwin Anglican School, graduating in 2005. After high school, Seng began studying law at the University of Western Australia (UWA) but found it did not fit his creative nature and soon switched to an arts and commerce degree.From 2008 to 2011, Seng worked in a range of roles at St George's College, the residential college he was living at,


texts:
 including Arts Representative on the College Club Committee, Student Director of Music and as an Arts Tutor in 2011. Career
Although Seng always had an interest in photography, he never had any formal photography education. Seng began his photography career in 2009 while he was the music editor and writer for Pelican, the UWA student newspaper. While filling in the media accreditation form for the West Coast Blues & Roots Festival, Seng surreptitiously ticked the box for a photographer's pass even though he was only supposed to be there as a writer. Seng borrowed a friend's camera and researched how to take photos on the Internet. The photos turned out decently, leading Seng to buy his own camera and continue pursuing photography. Seng soon found photography could further his interests in music, travel and volunteering.Seng says he "fell in love with the idea of capturing the beauty of the world on film" while volunteering at a school in Nepal in 2009. In 2009, Seng also started a marketing internship at the Perth International Arts Festival, allowing him to photograph events and begin to get his work noticed. Since 2012, Seng has served as a tour photographer for a number of musicians and bands. Seng has been the tour photographer for English singer Passenger on seven tours between 2012 and 2015. In 2013, Seng toured with American rock band Matchbox Twenty on their Australian tour. An ebook, Going North, was released featuring <mask>'s photographs and written accounts of the tour experience. He also toured with Australian folk singer Stu Larsen on his 2014 European tour.In addition to music photography, Seng has also directed many music videos for Passenger, as well as music videos for Emma Stevens, Stu Larsen and Patrick


texts:
 James. In October 2014, Seng's photo of an Amity Affliction concert in Perth won the 2014 Monster Children Photo Comp in the music category, winning him $5,000. In April 2015, a short film directed by Seng to promote North Queensland won a competition run by Tropical North Queensland Tourism, winning a $20,000 prize package. In 2013, Seng was a finalist in the Propel Youth Arts Award category at the 2013 WA Youth Awards. He placed 32nd in the 2017 Australia's Top 50 Influencer Awards. Seng was the subject of an episode of the ABC program On Assignment which was released on ABC iview in September 2015. He was also featured in a video released in March 2017 promoting the Microsoft Surface Book.Photography exhibitions
In 2011, Seng travelled to Tanzania to volunteer at a school and orphanage. On the weekends, Seng would visit various villages and photograph candid portraits of the Maasai people. The photographs formed his first solo exhibition, Portraits of Tanzania. Seng travelled to Iceland in 2012 to take aerial photographs of the country's volcanic river systems. He hired a two-seater plane and photographed out the plane's window. "Every time I wanted to open the window my body disagreed. Opening the window meant pain.It meant a rush of cold air coming in. […] So by the end I had to psych myself up and really pick my moments," Seng said of the experience. The photographs were showcased in 2013 at Seng's second solo exhibition, Alltervatn. In 2013, Seng returned to Tanzania to help film a short documentary about the orphanage and shoot more portraits, this time focusing on the Maasai children. The portraits were featured in 2014 at <mask>'s third solo exhibition, Spirit of the Maasai. The documentary, My African Home, won the


texts:
 award for Best Documentary Short at the 2015 Winter Los Angeles Movie Awards. While in Tanzania, Seng also tracked down the Maasai people he had photographed two years earlier and presented them with canvas prints of their earlier selves.Seng returned to Iceland in 2015 to take a series of self-portraits against the country's landscape. Seng said the portraits explore "the sense of feeling both significant and totally insignificant simultaneously in the presence of nature's grandeur." The series of 12 photos formed his fourth solo exhibition, The Space Between. In December 2016, together with Perth-based artist Amok Island, Seng held his first collaborative exhibition, Parallels. The exhibition featured Seng's aerial photographs of Rottnest Island's coastline, alongside Amok Island's interpretations of the photos as minimal, geometric paintings. Other projects

Since 2013, Seng has participated in the Perth Fashion Festival's annual Windows of the City competition which sees Perth creatives partnered with a local business to create a store window display. In 2013, Seng worked with artist Annabelle Gordon on a paper cut display for the Sneaky Monkey Cafe at Raine Square.For his 2014 window display for Telstra's Hay Street store, titled Perth24 — A Portrait of the City, Seng spent 24 hours taking 300 portraits of people on the streets of Perth. In 2015, Seng created a photo installation for The Flour Factory, a bar on Queen Street. In 2014, Seng created The Hidden Sound, a planned series of music gigs where the artist and venue remained secret until the last minute. Australian singer-songwriter Kate Miller-Heidke performed the first gig in August 2014. Seng received international media coverage in December 2014 after a prank


texts:
 video he uploaded to YouTube and  Facebook went viral. The video depicts Seng walking around the Stereosonic music festival in Perth disguised as American DJ Steve Aoki, whom Seng is occasionally mistaken for. Festivalgoers are seen calling out Aoki's name and taking photos with Seng and Seng is shown dancing in the crowd while the real Steve Aoki is performing on stage.Aoki saw the video and the following weekend, at the Melbourne Stereosonic, <mask> and Aoki conducted another prank, with Seng dressed up as Aoki and Aoki posing as his photographer. In May 2015, following earthquakes in Nepal, Seng raised $10,000 for the Australian Red Cross by fulfilling various requests from individuals and businesses over a 24-hour period including taking photos, giving a talk to photography students and streaking through Hay Street in the Perth CBD. Seng competed in season four of the reality game show Australian Survivor, which was filmed in Samoa and began airing on 30 July 2017. He was the 13th contestant voted out, making it to day 36 and becoming the first member of the jury. Describing his time on the show, Seng said "It was so surreal, to be involved as a player on this show that I've been watching for years and years. It was really great, but it was really brutal as well, and that's what I loved." Personal life
Since 2015, Seng has been dating Rebecca Williams, a former Miss Universe WA finalist.References

External links

1988 births
Photographers from Western Australia
Australian music video directors
Australian people of Chinese descent
Australian people of Malaysian descent
People from Perth, Western Australia
Rock music photographers
Travel photographers
Living people
University of Western Australia alumni
Australian


texts:
<mask> (born 28 April 1960) is a Uruguayan political figure from the Colorado Party. He was Minister of Industry, Energy and Mining from 2002 to 2003, Minister of Tourism and Sports from 2003 to 2005, and senator from 2010 to 2020. <mask> is the son of <mask>, President of Uruguay from 1972 to 1976. Family and early life
<mask> was born in Montevideo in 1960, the son of <mask>, who would become President of Uruguay from 1972 to 1976, and former first lady Josefina Herrán. His father led a self-coup in 1973 and closed down the legislature, starting a civic-military dictatorship that lasted until 1985. <mask> is a grandson of former Senator and Ruralist leader <mask>, and a great-grandson of <mask> (Senior), a French national from the Basque Country. His brother is the Ruralist leader <mask>, based in Durazno Department, central Uruguay.<mask> was educated at The British Schools of Montevideo, gaining fluency in English. Also, he finished highschool at Instituto Preuniversitario Salesiano Juan XXIII. He later studied law. Political career

Early ministerial career
<mask> served in the government of President Jorge Batlle as Minister of Industry and Energy (2002–2003) and Minister of Tourism and Sports (2003–2005). In 2005 he participated in the mayoral elections for Montevideo, but lost to Ricardo Ehrlich of the Broad Front, winning 26.9% of the vote to Ehrlich's 60.9%. Formation of Vamos Uruguay
Shortly after the 2005 municipal elections in Montevideo, <mask> split from the Lista 15 faction, and in 2007, following a meeting of supporters in Trinidad, he formed a new group in the Colorado Party called Vamos Uruguay (translated variously as "Let's go Uruguay" or "Come on, Uruguay"). The group has built up a nationwide organization, with local chapters established in many departments of the country.2009 Uruguayan Presidential elections

In 2009, <mask> was selected as the Colorado Party's candidate for the Presidential election. On 21 March

masks:
Juan Pedro Bordaberry Herrán
Bordaberry
Juan Maria Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Juan Maria Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Domingo Bordaberry
Santiago Bordaberry
Santiago Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Bordaberry


texts:
 2009, <mask> was formally accepted as Presidential candidate for Vamos Uruguay at a ceremony in a stadium in Montevideo attended by an estimated 7,000 supporters. In June 2009, <mask> paused his work for the legal practice at which he had been active to focus on the Presidential campaign. In June 2009, <mask> was publicly criticised by Colorado Party colleague Luis Antonio Hierro López, a previous ministerial colleague also running for President, due to his surname. In a muted response, <mask> noted that Hierro had previously campaigned for <mask> as colleagues in government, and had previously been silent about <mask>'s family background. In the Presidential vote on 26 October, <mask> won 17%, finishing behind the National Party and Broad Front candidates, but increasing the Colorado Party's share of the vote. He endorsed Luis Alberto Lacalle for the second round run-off vote that took place at the end of November 2009.Views on economy and trade
Following the inauguration of the Obama Administration in the U.S., <mask> said that Uruguayan business leaders seeking to export their goods to the U.S. would encounter a greater degree of protectionism from U.S. officials. In August 2009, in the context of continuing, difficult relations with Argentina over trade issues, <mask> expressed strong reservations about the Mercosur trade pact, arguing that the Chilean model of pursuing bilateral trade pacts would be preferable for Uruguay. Senate career
<mask> was elected to the Uruguayan Senate in 2009. In early 2010 <mask> called for the establishment of a new university in the interior city of Durazno, with a view to assisting disadvantaged potential students. <mask> stood again for President in the 2014 elections, hiring campaign advisers who had worked for Bill Clinton and Barack Obama. In 2017, <mask> said that he would not run again for President or Senator in 2019. After 2019 internal elections, when Ernesto Talvi had been confirmed as the

masks: Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry Bordaberry


texts:
 Colorado Party presidential candidate, <mask> again explored the possibility of running again for Senator, but withdrew after much opposition from party authorities.Political image

<mask>'s decision to seek a political base in Montevideo contrasts with his father, dictator Juan Maria <mask>, who had a long association with rural affairs. Juan Maria <mask> was arrested in 2006 in connection with the 1976 assassination of two legislators, Senator Zelmar Michelini and House leader Héctor Gutiérrez, and <mask> has since then been vocal in his support. Despite his own family history of dictatorship, <mask> has at several occasions accused former President José Mujica of being, or striving to become a dictator. <mask> sometimes participates in outdoor public meetings on horseback, or in traditional "gaucho" horseriding attire. Literary criticism
<mask> has contributed to literary criticism of the Argentinian writer Jorge Luis Borges. He has discussed Borges's theme of the complexity of memory. <mask> is a major figure in rugby union in Uruguay, and has been president of the Uruguayan Rugby Union.On 21 August 2018, FIFA appointed a normalisation committee for the Uruguayan Football Association (AUF). <mask> was put in charge, alongside politician Armando Castaingdebat, and former professional association football player Andrés Scotti. See also
 List of political families#Uruguay

References

External links
Photograph of <mask>'s motorcade, Carpinteria, Durazno, 20 September 2008

1960 births
Candidates for President of Uruguay
Children of presidents of Uruguay
Colorado Party (Uruguay) politicians
Living people
Members of the Senate of Uruguay
Ministers of Industries, Energy and Mining of Uruguay
Ministers of Tourism and Sport of Uruguay
People from Montevideo
Rugby union in Uruguay
Uruguayan lawyers
Uruguayan people of Basque descent
Uruguayan male writers
People named in the Panama Papers
People educated at The British Schools of

masks:
Bordaberry
Pedro Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Pedro Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Sports Bordaberry
Bordaberry
Pedro Bordaberry


texts:
<mask>, FRHistS (born 15 April 1960) is a British scholar, critic, and writer. She specializes in British literature and culture of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Her work intersects with the fields of history, philosophy, and politics, and she has particular expertise in the Godwin-Shelley family of writers. Biography
<mask> was born at Chathill Railway Station in Northumberland to <mask>, the stationmaster, and his wife Violet (née Rowlands). She was educated at Seahouses County Primary School and the Duchess's Grammar School, Alnwick. She took a first-class B.A. (Hons.)degree in English Language and Literature from Mansfield College, Oxford, from where she also holds an M. Phil. She took a D. Phil in English from St Hugh's College, Oxford. She taught at Durham University from 1989 to 2015, where she was awarded a Personal Chair in the Department of English in 2005 and held a Christopherson/Knott Foundation Fellowship in 2012-13. She is currently Professor of the Humanities at Queen Mary University of London and a Supernumerary Fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford. She was a member of the inaugural class of Fellows at the New York Public Library's Dorothy and Lewis B. Cullman Center for Scholars and Writers. She has held Visiting Fellowships at, among other places, All Souls College, Oxford; Mansfield College, Oxford; and Wadham College, Oxford. <mask>it works on the two generations of

masks:
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Albert Edward Clemit
Pamela Clem


texts:
 writers and thinkers influenced by the French Revolution in Britain, with a particular focus on the anarchist political philosopher and novelist William Godwin (1756-1836) and his associates.She has produced numerous scholarly and classroom editions of novels, life writing, and other works by Godwin, as well as by Elizabeth Inchbald, Charlotte Smith, and Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. She is currently editing The Letters of William Godwin, which is being published in six volumes by Oxford University Press. Volume I: 1778-1797, for which she held a Leverhulme Major Research Fellowship, was published in 2011, and Volume II: 1798-1805 in 2014. In 2017 she led a collaborative project to digitize and make publicly available the sole surviving manuscripts of Godwin's principal works, Political Justice (1793) and Caleb Williams (1794), which are held at the Victoria and Albert Museum. Images of the manuscripts are available to view on The Shelley-Godwin Archive. She has written on letter writing as a social practice and on scholarly editing as a mode of historical enquiry. She is a regular reviewer for the Times Literary Supplement and a contributor to Tom Hodgkinson's Idler magazine.She received the Keats-Shelley Association of America Distinguished Scholar Award for 2016. She is a Fellow of the English Association (2011), and a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society (2019). Selected publications

‘Godwin’s


texts: Citations, 1783-2005: Highest Renown at the Pinnacle of Disfavour’ (with Avner Offer), in New Approaches to William Godwin: Forms, Fears, Futures, ed. Eliza O’Brien et al. (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021), 273-96. ‘Botanical Networking: Four Holograph Letters from Charlotte Smith to James Edward Smith’ (with Brad Scott), Romanticism, 26: 1 (2020), 1-12. ‘The Signal of Regard: William Godwin’s Correspondence Networks’, European Romantic Review, 30: 4 (Aug. 2019), 1-14.‘Letters and Journals’, in The Oxford Handbook of British Romanticism, ed. David Duff (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018), 418-33. The Letters of William Godwin, Volume II: 1798-1805 (2014), ed. <mask>, in The Letters of William Godwin, gen. ed. <mask>, 6 vols. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011-). The Letters of William Godwin, Volume I: 1778-1797 (2011), ed.<mask>, in The Letters of William Godwin, gen. ed. <mask>, 6 vols. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011-). The Cambridge Companion to British Literature of the French Revolution in the 1790s, ed. <mask> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011). 'Commerce of Luminaries: Eight Holograph Letters between William Godwin and Thomas Wedgwood', in Godwinian Moments: From the Enlightenment to Romanticism, ed. Robert M. Maniquis and Victoria Myers (Toronto: Toronto University Press, 2011), 261-82.'Godwin's Political Justice', in The Cambridge Companion to British Literature

masks:
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit


texts: of the French Revolution in the 1790s, ed. <mask> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011), 86-100. William Godwin, Caleb Williams, ed. <mask>, World's Classics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009). ‘Readers Respond to Godwin: Romantic Republicanism in Letters’, European Romantic Review, 20: 5 (Dec. 2009), 699-707. 'William Godwin's Juvenile Library', Charles Lamb Bulletin, NS 147 (July 2009), 90-132. '"A Society of their Own": Four Letters from Laura Tighe Galloni d'Istria to Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley', La Questione Romantica, NS 1: 1 (June 2009), 95-109.'Holding Proteus: William Godwin in his Letters', in Repossessing the Romantic Past, ed. Heather Glen and Paul Hamilton (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006; paperback edn., 2010), 98-115. 'Charlotte Smith to William and Mary Jane Godwin: Five Holograph Letters', Keats-Shelley Journal, 55 (2006), 29-40. ‘Self-analysis as Social Critique: The Autobiographical Writings of Godwin and Rousseau’, Romanticism, 11: 2 (Autumn 2005), 161-80. ‘William Godwin and James Watt’s Copying Machine: Wet-Transfer Copies in the Abinger Papers’, Bodleian Library Record, 18: 5 (Apr. 2005), 532-60. ‘Frankenstein and Matilda: The Legacies of Godwin and Wollstonecraft’, in The Cambridge Companion to Mary Shelley, ed.Esther Schor (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 26-44. ‘Life of William Godwin’, Poems, Translations, Uncollected Prose, ed.

masks:
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit


texts: <mask> and A. A. Markley, Volume IV of Mary Shelley’s Literary Lives and Other Writings, gen. ed. Nora Crook, 4 vols., Pickering Masters Series (London: Pickering & Chatto, 2002). William Godwin, Memoirs of the Author of a Vindication of the Rights of Woman, ed. <mask> and Gina Luria Walker, Broadview Literary Texts (Peterborough, Ontario: Broadview Press, 2001).‘Two New Pamphlets by William Godwin: A Case of Computer-Assisted Authorship Attribution’ (with David Woolls), Studies in Bibliography, 54 (2001), 265-84. ‘From The Fields of Fancy to Matilda: Mary Shelley’s Changing Conception of her Novella’, Romanticism, 3: 2 (1997), 152-69. Matilda, Dramas, Reviews & Essays, Prefaces & Notes, ed. <mask>, Volume II of Novels and Selected Works of Mary Shelley, gen. ed. Nora Crook with <mask>, 8 vols., Pickering Masters Series (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1996). Falkner: A Novel, ed. <mask>, Volume VII of Novels and Selected Works of Mary Shelley, gen. ed.Nora Crook with <mask>, 8 vols., Pickering Masters Series (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1996). Elizabeth Inchbald, A Simple Story, ed. <mask>, Penguin Classics (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1996). William Godwin, St Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century, ed. <mask>, World's Classics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994). The Godwinian Novel: The Rational Fictions of Godwin, Brockden Brown, Mary Shelley, Oxford English Monograph Series (Oxford: Clarendon

masks:
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit


texts:
 Press, 1993, reprinted, 2001). Educational and Literary Writings, ed.<mask>, Volume V of Political and Philosophical Writings of William Godwin, gen. ed. Mark Philp, 7 vols., Pickering Masters Series (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1993). Early Novels, ed. <mask>, Volume II of Collected Novels and Memoirs of William Godwin, gen. ed. Mark Philp, 8 vols., Pickering Masters Series (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1992). Things As They Are; or, The Adventures of Caleb Williams, ed. <mask>, Volume III of Collected Novels and Memoirs of William Godwin, gen. ed.Mark Philp, 8 vols., Pickering Masters Series (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1992). St Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century, ed. <mask>, Volume IV of Collected Novels and Memoirs of William Godwin, gen. ed. Mark Philp, 8 vols., Pickering Masters Series (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1992). Fleetwood; or, The New Man of Feeling, ed. <mask>, Volume V of Collected Novels and Memoirs of William Godwin, gen. ed. Mark Philp, 8 vols., Pickering Masters Series (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1992).Mandeville: A Tale of the Seventeenth Century, ed. <mask>, Volume VI of Collected Novels and Memoirs of William Godwin, gen. ed. Mark Philp, 8 vols., Pickering Masters Series (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1992). References

External links
Queen Mary University of London departmental profile
Wolfson College, Oxford profile
University of Oxford departmental profile

Living

masks:
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit
Pamela Clemit


texts:
 people
Alumni of Mansfield College, Oxford
Alumni of St Hugh's College, Oxford
Alumni of Wadham College, Oxford
Fellows of Wolfson College, Oxford
Academics of Durham University
Academics of the University of Oxford
Academics of Queen Mary University of London
Fellows of the English Association
Fellows of the Royal Historical Society
1960 births
Women scholars and


texts:
<mask> (December 29, 1860, San Juan, Argentina -  August 2, 1952, Buenos Aires, Argentina) was an Argentinean painter and author. Her works were featured in various international shows, among them the first Exposición Anual de Pintura, Dibujo y Escultura (Annual Exhibition of Painting, Drawing, and Sculpture) for artists of South America in 1893. Critical response to her works has often focused attention on her portraits of her grandfather, <mask>, who was president of Argentina from 1868 to 1874. Eugenia completed many other works as well, including miniatures as well as full size portraits, paintings of flowers, birds, and still lives, and  sculptures. Early years
<mask> was born in 1860, one of six children of Jules Belín and . Jules Belín (1829-1863) was a French printer and publisher of the Santiago, Chile newspaper El Ferrocarril. <mask> met <mask> in France in 1848 and moved to Chile, where he published works written by <mask>, who was an Argentinian exile in Chile.Domingo Faustino <mask> went on to be an Argentine politician, writer, and educator, and the president of Argentina from 1868 to 1874. <mask>'s mother, Ana Faustina <mask>, was born on July 18, 1832, as a result of a romance between Domingo Faustino <mask> (then age 20) and one of his students, María Jesús del Canto (age 17). Sarmiento arranged for Ana Faustina to be cared for by her grandmother, Paula Albarracín <mask>, and recognized her publicly after her marriage to <mask> in 1850. <mask> died when Eugenia was only three, and Eugenia was educated at home by her mother and other relatives. Eugenia spent time as a student and disciple of her great-aunt, Procesa del Carmen <mask>, who was a renowned painter. She was also taught art by her grandmother. She later attended and completed her secondary education at the Escuela Superior de Niñas de San Juan (High School for Girls of San Juan), which her mother directed.When <mask>'s brother Augusto Belín <mask> was appointed the Argentine consul in Antwerp, Eugenia accompanied

masks:
Eugenia Belín Sarmiento
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
Eugenia Belin Sarmiento
Belin
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
Sarmiento
Sarmiento
Eugenia
Sarmiento
Sarmiento
de Sarmiento
Belin
Belin
Sarmiento
Eugenia
y Sarmiento


texts:
 him to Belgium, and used the trip to be professionally trained by famous art masters of the time. In 1884, she returned to Buenos Aires permanently. Career

After returning to Buenos Aires, Belín <mask> studied art under José Agujari, a renowned painter who was also the first teacher of her contemporary, artist María Obligado. Eugenia focused primarily on portraits, a number of which depicted her grandfather, Domingo Faustino <mask>, an iconic figure. Among them are a smaller portrait taken in 1888, which she used as a basis for a larger work in 1889. The larger version of the portrait was reported to be in the Museo Historico Nacional, and another version in the provincial legislature of Buenos Aires, as of the 50th anniversary of Domingo Faustino <mask>'s death in 1938. On September 4, 1938, a full-page color reproduction was published in La Prensa (Buenos Aires).The same issue of La Prensa included a photograph of <mask> and her sister Elena. Another family portrait subject was <mask>'s adopted son , who died in battle against Paraguay. In addition, she painted classical portraits of notable figures of the time such as Dalmacio Vélez Sarsfield,  and José María Estrada. As of 1885, she was contracted by the government of the province of San Juan to paint portraits of Salvador María del Carril, , and Francisco Narciso de Laprida. She also painted portraits of women, with her feminine subjects appearing very similar to the models used by the French painter Charles Joshua Chaplin. Starting in 1893, Belín <mask> sent samples of her works to different exhibitions such as those organized by the Progress Club (Club del Progreso) and at the Second Athenaeum Auditorium. She frequently exhibited works alongside contemporaries such as Julia Wernicke and Maria Obligado, and won her honorable mention awards in 1894, 1895, and 1898, along with a prize in the 1910  in Buenos Aires.In 1912, she was the first artist from San Juan to participate in the Salón Nacional (National Salon of Visual Arts) of

masks: Sarmiento Sarmiento Sarmiento Eugenia Sarmiento Sarmiento


texts:
 Argentina. Throughout the history of the National Salon, only five women have received a grand prize for painting. During the 1940s, Julia Ottolenghi cataloged the extant works of Belín <mask>, many of which are privately owned and difficult to locate today. Her works can be found at exhibitions in Argentina at the  of Fine Arts and in the Sarmiento historic museum of Buenos Aires, Museo Marc de Rosario, Museo Casa Natal de Sarmiento, and abroad in museums such as the Musée Rodin in Paris. Responses
Historically, <mask> <mask>'s merit as a painter has often been defined only in terms of masculine influence on her artistry, such as that of her grandfather Domingo. For example, the art critic Eduardo Schiaffino focused almost exclusively on the artistic influence of Domingo on his granddaughter over the fact that Eugenia had been a student of her aunt Procesa <mask>, who was a notable painter in her own right. More recently, scholars have begun to revisit <mask> <mask>'s works from a modern, feminist viewpoint.In 1988, the works of both <mask> <mask> <mask> and Procesa del Carmen <mask> were included in the exhibition La mujer en la plástica argentina I (Women in the Argentinean Plastic Arts I) in the Malvinas Cultural Center (Centro Cultural Las Malvinas). The exhibition was part of a pioneering effort to uncover the hidden work of over 250 Argentinean female artists, historic and contemporary, in national, regional and private collections. Her works were included in a 2013 exhibit focusing on the feminine influence on Domingo Faustino <mask>, Los universos femeninos: Sarmiento agente de transformaciones (The Feminine Universe: Sarmiento as agent of transformation). In 2019, the Sarmiento historic museum hosted a posthumous exhibition titled Por ella misma - <mask> <mask> Sarmiento (By Her Own Hand - Eugenia <mask> Sarmiento). References

External links
<mask> <mask>'s grave in La Recoleta Cemetery, Buenos Aires

Argentine artists
Argentine women painters
Portrait artists
1860 births
1952

masks: Sarmiento Belin Sarmiento Sarmiento Belin Sarmiento Eugenia Belin Sarmiento Sarmiento Sarmiento Eugenia Belin Belin Belin Sarmiento


texts:
<mask> (November 3, 1896 – April 9, 1970) was a Swedish-American illustrator. He is known for his Arthur Rackham-influenced fairy-tale style and use of silhouetted figures with caricatured faces. Tenggren was a chief illustrator for The Walt Disney Company in the late 1930s, in what has been called the Golden Age of American animation, when animated feature films such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Fantasia, Bambi and Pinocchio were produced. Early career
<mask> was born in 1896 in Magra parish (now part of Alingsås Municipality), in Västra Götaland County, Sweden. In 1913 he received a scholarship to study painting at Valand, the art school in Gothenburg, Sweden. Tenggren's early schooling and artistic influences were solidly grounded in Scandinavian techniques, motifs and myths; he worked with illustrating in the popular Swedish folklore and fairy tales annual Bland Tomtar och Troll ("Among Gnomes and Trolls"), where he succeeded illustrator John Bauer. After his first exhibition in 1920, Tenggren immigrated to the U.S. where he joined his sister in Cleveland, Ohio.Moving to New York City in 1922, he made a name for himself in magazine illustration and advertising, while continuing to illustrate children's books. Disney Company
In the 1920s, while continuing to illustrate a large number of children's books, Tenggren worked consistently in advertising up until the Great Depression; in 1936, he was hired by Walt Disney Productions, to work as a chief illustrator with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Tenggren was not only a concept artist on this movie, but he did much of the illustrations for the non-animated tie-ins to the film, most notably the serialized version of Snow White which was featured in two successive issues of Good Housekeeping just prior to the film's

masks:
Gustaf Adolf Tenggren
Gustaf Tenggren


texts:
 release. He later worked with productions such as Bambi and Pinocchio, as well as backgrounds and atmospheres of films such as The Ugly Duckling and The Old Mill. Children's books

Although his work for Disney was still in the Rackham fairy-tale illustration style, after he left the studio he never painted that way again. From 1942 to 1962, Tenggren worked for Little Golden Books with illustrations for children's books such as Saggy Baggy Elephant, Tawny Scrawny Lion, The Shy Little Kitten, Little Black Sambo, and The Poky Little Puppy, which became the single all-time best-selling hardcover children's book in English; and "King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table," Emma Gelders Sterne's retelling of the Arthurian Legend. During these years his production increased, as did the marketability of his name with a stream of Tenggren books.After he moved to the United States in 1920, he never returned to Sweden again. <mask> <mask> died in 1970 at Dogfish Head in Southport, Maine. Legacy
Although the name <mask> <mask> remains relatively unknown, his work is widely recognized, both that in the Disney films and his work in the Little Golden Books. After his death, much of his non-Disney art was donated to the University of Minnesota to be included in the Kerlan Collection, a special library focusing on children's literature. In memory of <mask> <mask>, a  bronze sculpture of Pinocchio, designed by the American pop artist Jim Dine, has been erected in downtown Borås, a city south of Tenggren's birthplace. At the cost of SEK 9.5 million, the Pinocchio sculpture was supposed to be paid for by private donations. The statue was erected on a tiered pedestal at the beginning of Allégatan, a main street in the center of Borås at the start of the Borås Festival of the Arts on May16,

masks: Gustaf Tenggren Gustaf Tenggren Gustaf Tenggren


texts:
<mask> (born 27 March 1963) is a Canadian specialist in records management and Associate Professor of Archival Studies at the University of British Columbia (UBC). She is known for her research into risk mitigation including using blockchain technology in risk reduction. Early years and education
<mask> (née Bryans) was born in Toronto in 1963. She obtained a master's degree in Archival Studies from the University of British Columbia around 1985, and began a career as a records and information management professional. In 2002 she obtained a doctorate from University College London with a thesis that examined information-related causes of the Jamaican Financial Crisis of 1996–1997. She became a Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) in 2005. Career

City of Edmonton
Lemieux was director of information services for the City of Edmonton, where she improved records management in the City Clerk's Office.She was promoted to Director of Corporate Records and Information Services, where she was responsible for all the city's records. University of the West Indies
In September 1993 Lemieux became the campus records manager at the University of the West Indies (UWI). In 1997 she was promoted to University Archivist at the UWI, and was responsible for modernizing the registry system on three campuses. She also expanded the University's records management certificate program to train public sector workers throughout the Caribbean region. She provided consulting on improving efficiency and accountability of records management in several English-speaking Caribbean countries. She left UWI in July 2001. World Bank
<mask> was a consultant at the World Bank from July 2001 to September 2002.She audited the human resources and payroll systems of governments in Uttar Pradesh (India), Tanzania, Burkina Faso and Chile. She returned to the World Bank as a senior public sector specialist from July 2014 to June 2016, on leave from the University of British Columbia. She worked on supporting economic and social development through  transparency and information management, and was a leader of several big data analytics projects. Lemieux led the imProvenance Group funded by

masks:
Victoria Louise Lemieux
Victoria Louise Lemieux
Lemieux


texts:
 the World Bank. She advised the World Bank, associated international development agencies and the bank's client developing countries on transparency and information management. Credit Suisse
After completing her doctorate at UCL in 2002 <mask> joined the global investment bank Credit Suisse. She was vice president, IT risk management.In 2007 she was responsible for the information technology risk and security components of a major project to outsource the bank's network infrastructure. In this project she applied her pioneering theory of risk-based records management. Consultant
In 2008 Lemieux founded CIFER, the Centre for the Investigation of Financial Electronic Records. After the Financial crisis of 2007–2008 she worked with the Office of Financial Research of the United States Department of the Treasury to introduce records management concepts to financial regulators and to promote transparency in the global financial system. She was Canadian representative to the TC68 Technical Committee on Financial Services of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). She has also served as a consultant to the United Nations and the Commonwealth Secretariat. University of British Columbia
From July 2012 to July 2014 Lemieux was director of the Media & Graphics Interdisciplinary Centre (MAGIC) at the University of British Columbia (UBC), where she established the Digital Salon for use by the Digital Humanities.In April 2014 she became an Associate Professor in Archival Science at the University of British Columbia (UBC). She contributed to design of courses on Information Technology Security, Information Assurance and Risk Management; Financial Records; and Information Visualization and Visual Analytics. After returning from two years leave at the World Bank, in 2016 <mask> founded a cross-discipline research cluster into blockchain technology, Blockchain@UBC. In 2019 she was awarded $1,600,000 by Canada's Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) for a five-year project to train up to 139 students at the masters and PhD levels in different aspects of blockchain and distributed ledger technology. Fifteen industry partners, including Boehringer

masks: Lemieux Lemieux


texts:
 Ingelheim and Mitacs, also provided support. The program was to start in January 2020 and would cover the areas of health and wellness, clean energy, regulatory technology and issues for indigenous residents. Research and innovation
Lemieux views archival science as an academic discipline that is relevant to other disciplines, as opposed to viewing it as a professional field.She embraces tools and approaches from ontology, visual analytics, graph theory, information systems and philosophy to describe the internal structure of archive records, their provenance and how they represent networks. <mask> and others such as Kenneth Thibodeau see graph theory and semantic technology as fundamental to the theory of archives and records management. In 2010 Lemieux studied literature on records and information risk, looking into aspects such as the types of risk discussed most often, approaches to the subject and evolution of views over time. She reviewed several hundred articles on risk associated with archives and records. Topics included types of risk to records, risks caused by records, risks if the profession does not adapt to new record formats, risks in the way in which archival functions are performed and techniques for mitigating risk. Lemieux has developed a tool to assess organizational and human behavioural risk when implementing EDRM systems. As of 2020 she was investigating availability of trustworthy records, particularly financial records.She was interested in how the risks to records availability affect public accountability and transparency, financial stability and human rights. She was particularly interested in blockchain record keeping systems. She is a member of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Technical Committee 307 on Blockchains and Distributed Ledger Technology. Recognition
Awards include:
 2001 W. Kaye Lamb Best Paper Award
 2009 Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies Early Career Scholar Award
 2011 Emerald Literati Best Paper Award
 2015 Emmett Leahy Award for outstanding contributions to the records profession
 2015 World Bank Big Data Innovation Award

Publications

Notes

Sources

1963 births
Living people
Canadian


texts: <mask>Dieter<mask> (19 December 1914 – 15 September 1995) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator and wing commander during World War II. Following the war, he became a Generalmajor (major general) in the German Air Force of West Germany. As a fighter ace, he claimed 125 enemy aircraft shot down in over 1000 combat missions. The majority of his aerial victories were claimed over the Eastern Front with 16 claims over the Western Allies. Born in Großdeuben, <mask> grew up in the German Empire and the Weimar Republic. Following graduation from school, he volunteered for military service in the Reichsmarine in 1934. In November 1935, he transferred to the Luftwaffe.Following flight training, he was posted to a Jagdgeschwader (fighter wing). In 1939, <mask> was made a Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) and with Jagdgeschwader 76 (JG 76—76th Fighter Wing) participated in the Invasion of Poland and Battle of France and claimed his first aerial victory on 13 May 1940. In July 1940, JG 76 was integrated into Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing). During the Battle of Britain, <mask> was made a Gruppenkommandeur in JG 54 and awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross in October 1940. In 1941, he participated in Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union. In November 1942, <mask> left JG 54 and was appointed Geschwaderkommodore (wing commander) of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing). There, following his 118th aerial victory, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves on 25 November 1943.In October 1944 <mask>, returned to JG 54, serving as its last Geschwaderkommodore until the end of the war. Following World War II, <mask> initially worked in the private industry. During the Wiederbewaffnung (rearmament) of West Germany, <mask> joined the newly established German Air Force in 1955. He then

masks:
Dietrich "
" Hrabak
Hrabak
Hrabak
Hrabak
Hrabak
Hrabak
Hrabak
Hrabak


texts:
 went on to command the Advanced Pilot Training Center at Fürstenfeldbruck. Following further command positions, <mask> was named NATO's Chief of Air Defense/Central Europe until becoming special manager for the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter programme. <mask> retired in September 1970 and died on 15 September 1995. Early life and career
<mask> was born on 19 December 1914 in Großdeuben, part of Böhlen, in the Kingdom of Saxony, a federated state of the German Empire, the son of a real estate developer.Following his graduation from the Königin-Carola-Gymnasium, a secondary school, he volunteered for military service. On 8 April 1934, <mask> joined the Reichsmarine, the German navy of the Weimar Republic and in November 1935 transferred to the newly emerging Luftwaffe (German air force) as an Oberfähnrich (officer candidate). On 1 April 1936, <mask> was promoted to Leutnant (second lieutenant). Following the Anschluss, Austria's annexation into Nazi Germany on 12 March 1938, <mask> was posted to I. Gruppe (1st group) of Jagdgeschwader 138 (JG 138—138th Fighter Wing) stationed in Wien-Aspern also referred to as the "Wiener-Jagdgruppe" ("Vienna fighter group"). There, he was promoted to Oberleutnant (first lieutenant) on 1 January 1939 and was made Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 1. Staffel (1st squadron) of JG 138. On 1 May 1939, his unit I./JG 138 was re-designated I./Jagdgeschwader 76 (I./JG 76—1st group of the 76th Fighter Wing).World War II
World War II in Europe began on Friday 1 September 1939 when German forces invaded Poland. In preparation of the invasion, I. Gruppe of JG 76 had been moved to an airfield at Stubendorf, present-day Izbicko in Poland, in mid-August 1939 and supported the German advance on the central and southern sectors of the front. On 3 September, <mask> made a forced landing behind enemy lines following combat with

masks: Hrabak Hrabak Hrabak Hrabak Hrabak Hrabak Hrabak


texts: PZL.23 light bombers and returned to his unit the next day. On 14 September, I. Gruppe was withdrawn from combat operations and returned to its home airfield at Wien-Aspern where it arrived on 26 September. On 26 October, the Gruppenstab and 1. Staffel were ordered to Frankfurt Rhein-Main where it was united again with 2. and 3. Staffel on 2 November.From Frankfurt Rhein-Main, the Gruppe flew fighter protection during the "Phoney War" for the Frankfurt, Rhine and Saar region. In April 1940, I. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Mainz-Finthen, originally named Fliegerhorst Ober-Olm. The Gruppe stayed at Ober-Olm until the Battle of France began. On 13 May 1940, he claimed his first victory, and he claimed five more victories before the Armistice of 22 June 1940. On 26 June 1940, I. Gruppe of JG 76 was moved to the airfield at Waalhaven in the Netherlands and subordinated to Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing). There, the Gruppe was tasked with providing aerial protection over the Dutch coastal area. On 5 July, I./JG 76 was officially integrated into JG 54 and was renamed to II./JG 54 and 1./JG 76 became 4./JG 54.On 25 August 1940 during the Battle of Britain, <mask> was made Gruppenkommandeur of II./JG 54. In consequence, Oberleutnant Hans Philipp was given command of 4./JG 54. During the Battle of Britain he added ten victories against Royal Air Force (RAF) fighters. On 21 October 1940 <mask> was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (). The presentation was made by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring in his personal command train at Beauvais on 23 October. On 29 March 1941, II./JG 54 was withdrawn from the English Channel and was ordered to Graz-Thalerhof. There the various squadrons were split up with 4.Staffel being subordinated to III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) and ordered to Deta in Romania. On 6

masks: Hrabak Hrabak


texts:
 April, 4. Staffel flew combat missions in the Invasion of Yugoslavia. The next day, the Staffel flew combat air patrols on the Hungarian-Yugoslavian border. On 9 April, II./JG 54 was united again at Kecskemét, Hungary and returned to Deta on 11 April. The Gruppe was withdrawn from this theater on 19 April and ordered to an airfield at Zemun near Belgrade.Operation Barbarossa

Following the surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April 1941, JG 54 received orders on 3 May 1941 to turn over all Bf 109-Es so they could receive the new Bf 109-F variant. Transition training was completed at Airfield Stolp-Reitz in Pomerania. Following intensive training, the Geschwader was moved to airfields in Eastern Prussia. II. Gruppe under command of <mask> was moved to Trakehnen on 20 June 1941. The Wehrmacht launched Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, on 22 June with II. Gruppe supporting Army Group North in its strategic goal towards Leningrad.In early November, the Gruppe was withdrawn from the Eastern Front for a period of rest and replenishment where they were based at airfields in Döberitz, and later at Uetersen. On 20 January 1942, the Gruppe began relocating to the Eastern Front where they would be based at Siverskaya near Leningrad. In August to early September 1941, <mask> was on home leave. He was promoted to Major (major) on 1 October 1942. Wing commander
On 1 November 1942, <mask> left JG 54 and took over command of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) as Geschwaderkommodore (wing commander). At the time, JG 52 was based at Prokhladny and Gonschtakowka and operated over the front at the Terek River in the Northern Caucasus. Under <mask>'s leadership, JG 52 claimed its 10,000th aerial victory on 2 September 1944.On 23 November, the Geschwaderstab (headquarters unit) of JG 52 began its retreat from the Caucasus

masks: Hrabak Hrabak Hrabak Hrabak


texts:
 region and moved to Maykop. There, <mask> claimed his first aerial victory as Geschwaderkommodore on 13 December over a Petlyakov Pe-2 bomber. While the Battle of Stalingrad was coming to end, <mask> and the Geschwaderstab were ordered to Rostov-on-Don on 20 January 1943 to organize fighter protection over the retreating Army Group A.

<mask> was promoted to Oberstleutnant on 1 July 1943. On 2 August, <mask> claimed his 100th victory. He was the 48th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark. On 25 November 1943, <mask> was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (). He was the 337th member of the German armed forces to be so honored and at the time was credited with 118 aerial victories.The presentation was made by Adolf Hitler at the Wolf's Lair, Hitler's headquarters in Rastenburg, present-day Kętrzyn in Poland, on 9 December. Also presented with awards that day by Hitler were Hauptmann Hans-Ulrich Rudel, who received the Swords to his Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves. Rudel's air gunner and radio operator Oberfeldwebel (Master Sergeant) Erwin Hentschel was honored with the Knight's Cross. On 20 September 1944, <mask> scored the last of his 125 victories. In October 1944 <mask> returned to JG 54, serving as its last Geschwaderkommodore until the end of the war. His greatest contribution to the Luftwaffe was not his combat record however but his command,  tactical and leadership qualities, which endeared him to the men under his command and sealed his reputation within the Luftwaffe leadership. Later life
In 1956, he commanded the Advanced Pilot Training Center at Fürstenfeldbruck.In 1962, he took charge of the air defense covering northern Germany and the Netherlands. In 1964, he was named NATO's Chief of Air Defense/Central Europe until becoming special manager for the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter programme. As a


texts:
 major general, he commanded the GAF's tactical command. <mask> died on 15 September 1995. Summary of career

Aerial victory claims
According to Spick, <mask> was credited with 125 aerial victories, claimed in 820 combat missions, 109 of which on the Eastern Front and 16 on the Western Front. Matthews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found documentation for 125 aerial victory claims, all of which confirmed. This number includes 109 on the Eastern Front and 16 on the Western Front.Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 54291". The Luftwaffe grid map () covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about . These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 × 4 km in size. Awards
Iron Cross (1939)
 2nd class (15 September 1939)
 1st class (28 May 1940)
Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe (28 September 1940)
German Cross in Gold on 10 July 1944 as Oberstleutnant in Jagdgeschwader 52
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
 Knight's Cross on 21 October 1940 as Hauptmann and Gruppenkommandeur of the II./Jagdgeschwader 54
 337th Oak Leaves on 25 November 1943 as Oberstleutnant and Geschwaderkommodore of Jagdgeschwader 52

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

1914 births
1995 deaths
People from Böhlen
Luftwaffe pilots
German World War II flying aces
Recipients of the Gold German Cross
Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Bundeswehr generals
Major generals of the German Air Force
People from the Kingdom of Saxony
Reichsmarine


texts:
<mask> (February 3, 1938 – July 23, 2013) was a professional boxer from the U.S. Virgin Islands who became a World Champion in the welterweight, junior middleweight and middleweight classes. His best-known contest was a 1962 title match with Benny Paret. At the weigh-in, Paret infuriated <mask>, a bisexual man, by touching his buttocks and making a homophobic slur. <mask> won the bout by knockout; Paret never recovered consciousness and died in the hospital 10 days later. In 1963 and 1964, <mask> was voted Fighter of the Year by The Ring magazine and the Boxing Writers Association of America. In 2002, he was listed #33 on Ring Magazine's list of 80 greatest fighters of the past 80 years. <mask> currently ranks #127 in BoxRec's ranking of the greatest pound for pound boxers of all time.He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in the inaugural class of 1990. Career

Amateur
As a teen he was working at a hat factory on a steamy day when his boss, the factory owner, agreed to <mask>'s request to work shirtless. When the owner, a former amateur boxer, noticed his frame, he took <mask> to trainer Gil Clancy's gym. <mask> won the 1958 New York Golden Gloves 147 lb Open Championship. <mask> defeated Osvaldo Marcano of the Police Athletic Leagues Lynch Center in the finals to win the Championship. In 1957 <mask> advanced to the finals of the 147-lb Sub-Novice division and was defeated by Charles Wormley of the Salem Crescent Athletic Club. <mask> trained at the West 28th Street Parks Department Gym in New York City.Professional
<mask> turned professional in 1958 and fought frequently in New York City. He captured the Welterweight title from Cuban Benny "The Kid" Paret by knocking him out in the 13th round on April 1, 1961. Six months later, <mask> lost the title to

masks:
Emile Alphonse Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith
Griffith


texts:
 Paret in a narrow split decision. <mask> regained the title from Paret on March 24, 1962, in the controversial bout after which Paret died (see below). <mask> waged a classic four-fight series with Luis Rodríguez, losing their second fight and winning the other three. He defeated middleweight contender Holly Mims but was knocked out in one round by Rubin "Hurricane" Carter. Three years later, on April 25, 1966, he faced middleweight champion Dick Tiger and won a 15-round unanimous decision and the middleweight title.He also lost, regained and then lost the middleweight crown in three classic fights with Nino Benvenuti. But many boxing fans believed he was never quite the same fighter after Paret's death. From the Paret bout to his retirement in 1977, <mask> fought 80 bouts but only scored twelve knockouts. He later admitted to being gentler with his opponents and relying on his superior boxing skills because he was terrified of killing someone else in the ring. Many thought that <mask> fought past his prime, only winning nine of his last twenty three fights. Other boxers whom he fought in his career included world champions American Denny Moyer, Cuban Luis Rodríguez, Argentine Carlos Monzón, Cuban José Nápoles, and in his last title try, German Eckhard Dagge. After 18 years as a professional boxer, <mask> retired with a record of 85 wins (25 by knockout), 24 losses and 2 draws.Benny Paret

<mask> and Paret's third fight, which was nationally televised by ABC, occurred on March 24, 1962, at Madison Square Garden. <mask> had been incensed by an anti-gay slur directed at him by Paret during the weigh-in. Paret touched <mask>'s buttocks and whispered into his opponent's ear "maricón, maricón", Spanish slang for "faggot". <mask> had worked in a women's hat factory and at the time

masks: Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith


texts: designed hats. <mask> had to be restrained from attacking Paret on the spot. The media at the time either ignored the slur or used euphemisms such as "anti-man". <mask>'s girlfriend asked him about the incident, saying, "I didn't know about you being that way."In the sixth round Paret came close to stopping <mask> with a multi-punch combination, but <mask> was saved by the bell. After the sixth round <mask>'s trainer, Gil Clancy, later said he told him, "When you go inside I want you to keep punching until Paret holds you or the referee breaks you! But you keep punching until he does that!". In round 12 <mask> trapped Paret in a corner. Stunned after taking hard blows to the head, Paret stopped punching back and slumped to the side against the ropes, although his upper body was through them and partly out of the ring. <mask> held his opponent's shoulder keeping him in position while using his free hand to hit Paret, who was no longer trying to protect himself by head movement or an arm guard. <mask> repeatedly landed right uppercuts on Paret's head.Many watching were shocked, and there were calls from ringside for the referee to halt the bout; Norman Mailer said it was the hardest he had ever seen one man hit by another. Paret then lolled back and was hit with a combination. At this point Ruby Goldstein stepped in, thereby awarding <mask> a win by technical knockout. Immediately after the referee intervened, Paret, who had remained on his feet throughout, slowly slid to the floor. He was carried from the ring on a stretcher and died ten days later in hospital without regaining consciousness. Goldstein had a reputation as a tender-minded referee who stopped bouts at an early stage; admirers said he may have been suffering after-effects from a heart attack. Paret's manager was


texts:
 also criticized for not retiring his boxer with a timely throwing in of the towel during the beating.<mask> told a television interviewer: "I'm very proud to be the welterweight champion again. I hope Paret is feeling very good." When the seriousness of the situation become known, <mask> went to the hospital where Paret was being treated and unsuccessfully attempted for several hours to gain entry to Paret's room. Following that, he ran through the streets while being insulted by passersby. He would later receive hate mail from Paret supporters who were convinced <mask> intentionally killed Paret. New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller created a seven-man commission to investigate the incident and the sport. <mask> reportedly felt guilt over Paret's death and suffered nightmares about Paret for 40 years.The fight, and the widespread publicity and criticism of boxing which accompanied it, became the basis of the 2005 documentary Ring of Fire: The Emile <mask> Story. Trainer
<mask> trained other boxers, including Wilfred Benítez and Juan Laporte of Puerto Rico. Both won world championships. <mask>, Monzon, Benvenuti, Rodriguez, Tiger, Nápoles and Benítez are members of the International Boxing Hall of Fame. In 1979–80, he was in Denmark serving as the coach of the Danish Olympic boxing team. Personal life

In 1971, two months after they met, <mask> married another Virgin Islander Mercedes "Sadie" Donastorg, who was then a member of the dance troupe "Prince Rupert and the Slave Girls". <mask> adopted Donastorg's daughter, but the marriage only lasted a few months.After retiring from boxing, <mask> worked as a corrections officer at the Secaucus, New Jersey Juvenile Detention Facility. In 1992, <mask> was viciously beaten and almost killed on a New York City street after leaving a

masks: Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith


texts:
 gay bar near the Port Authority Bus Terminal. He was in the hospital for four months after the assault. It was not clear if the violence was motivated by homophobia. <mask> was bisexual quoted in Sports Illustrated as saying "I like men and women both. But I don't like that word: homosexual, gay or faggot. I don't know what I am.I love men and women the same, but if you ask me which is better ... I like women." Death
A long-time resident of Weehawken, New Jersey, <mask> died July 23, 2013, at a care facility in Hempstead, New York. In his final years, he required full-time care and suffered from dementia pugilistica. His adopted son, Luis Rodrigo <mask>, was his primary caregiver. He was buried in St. Michael's Cemetery, Queens, New York City. Media representations

 In January 2005, filmmakers Dan Klores and Ron Berger premiered their documentary Ring of Fire: The <mask> <mask> Story at the Sundance Film Festival in Utah.It was broadcast on television on USA Network. <mask>'s December 20, 1963 bout with Rubin Carter (which <mask> lost) is depicted in the opening scene of the 1999 motion picture The Hurricane. <mask> is portrayed by former boxer Terry Claybon, while actor Denzel Washington stars as Carter. In May 2012 it was announced that trumpeter Terence Blanchard and playwright Michael Cristofer were working on the opera Champion, based on <mask>'s story. It premiered at Opera Theatre of St. Louis on June 15, 2013. Irish director Lenny Abrahamson is working on a biopic focusing on <mask>'s rivalry with Paret to be released in 2019. A stage play based on <mask>'s story, titled Brown Girl in the Ring, premiered on September 26, 2016 in Chicago.It was commissioned and produced by the Court Theatre. A stage play based on <mask>'s story, titled Man in the Ring, premiered on

masks: Griffith Griffith Griffith Emile Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith Griffith


texts:
 November 16, 2018 at the Huntington Theater in Boston. Professional boxing record

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! A park has been named in <mask>'s honor in his native US Virgin Islands. See also
 List of welterweight boxing champions
 List of light middleweight boxing champions
 List of middleweight boxing champions
 List of WBC world champions
 List of WBA world champions
 List of undisputed boxing champions
 List of boxing triple champions

References

Further reading
 Lance Pugmire, "<mask> <mask> dies at 75; champion boxer struggled with his sexuality" "LA Times", July 23, 2013
 Ron Ross, ""Nine...Ten...and Out! The Two Worlds of <mask> <mask>" 2008
 Donald McRae, "The Night Boxer <mask> <mask> Answered Gay Taunts with a Deadly Cortege of Punches," The Guardian, September 10, 2015. External links

|-

|-

|-

|-

|-

|-

 Ring Memorabilia
 'Ring of Fire' Connects With True Story of A Fatal Blow Washington Post article April 20, 2005
 <mask> <mask> – CBZ Profile
 World Boxing Association History
 National Boxing Association's Quarterly Ratings: 1961 - BoxRec
 National Boxing Association's Quarterly Ratings: 1962 - BoxRec
 NYSAC World Welterweight Title (Boxing)

1938 births
2013 deaths
Neurological disease deaths in New York (state)
Deaths from dementia
International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees
Middleweight boxers
People from Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands
People from Weehawken, New Jersey
United States Virgin Islands male boxers
Welterweight boxers
World boxing champions
African-American boxers
American male boxers
Sportspeople with chronic traumatic encephalopathy
LGBT African Americans
LGBT sportspeople from the United States
Bisexual men
Bisexual sportspeople
LGBT boxers
20th-century African-American sportspeople
21st-century

masks: Griffith Emile Griffith Emile Griffith Emile Griffith Emile Griffith


texts: <mask> (; born 17 October 1978) is a British former politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Streatham from 2010 until 2019. A former member of the Labour Party, he was part of the Shadow Cabinet from 2011 to 2015. He left Labour in February 2019, when he resigned to form The Independent Group, later Change UK, along with six other MPs. Later in 2019, he left Change UK and, after a short time as an independent MP, joined the Liberal Democrats. In the 2019 general election, he was unsuccessful in being re-elected as an MP and did not return to the House of Commons. Born in Lambeth to a Nigerian father and English-Irish mother, <mask> was educated at St Dunstan's College, a private school in Catford, Lewisham. He then studied law at the University of Manchester and Nottingham Trent University.A teenage member of the Liberal Democrats, he joined the Labour Party in 1997 when the party was styling itself as "New Labour". He worked as a solicitor in the City of London, first for Herbert Smith and then for Rochman Landau, while writing articles for the Compass think tank. <mask> was selected as Labour's parliamentary candidate for Streatham in 2008, and was elected MP in the 2010 general election. When in parliament, he aligned with the party's "Blue Labour" trend, which rejects neoliberal economics. He sat on the Treasury Select Committee until 2011, when he joined Ed Miliband's Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills. He was re-elected in the 2015 and 2017 general elections. After Miliband's resignation, Jeremy Corbyn was elected Labour leader in 2015; <mask> was critical of the party leadership and resigned from the Shadow Cabinet to sit as a backbencher.A supporter of the unsuccessful 2016

masks:
Chuka Harrison Umunna
Umunna
Umunna
Umunna


texts:
 referendum campaign to retain UK membership of the European Union, Ummuna campaigned for a referendum on the final deal with the EU. In February 2019, he resigned from Labour and joined The Independent Group, later Change UK. He was its group spokesperson but left in June 2019 to sit as an independent MP following "disappointing" European Parliament election results showing the party had "failed to get a single MEP elected". One week later, <mask> joined the Liberal Democrats and was appointed their Treasury and Business Spokesperson by leader Vince Cable. In August 2019, he was appointed Foreign Affairs, International Development and International Trade Spokesperson by new leader Jo Swinson. He stood for Cities of London and Westminster in the 2019 general election but lost to Nickie Aiken of the Conservatives. Early life and career
<mask> was born in Lambeth, London on 17 October 1978.His father, Bennett, of the Nigerian Igbo ethnic group and owner of an import-export business, died in a road accident in Nigeria in 1992. His mother, Patricia Milmo, a solicitor, is of English-Irish background. His maternal grandparents were Joan Frances (Morley) and Sir Helenus Milmo QC, a High Court judge. <mask> was educated at Hitherfield Primary School in Streatham, South London, and the Christ Church Primary School in Brixton Hill. He says his parents felt that the local state school had "given up on him" and as a result had moved him to the boys' independent senior school St Dunstan's College, in Catford in south-east London, where he played the cello. During this period he was also a chorister at Southwark Cathedral. As a teenager, he was a member of the Liberal Democrats.He was awarded an upper second class Bachelor of Laws in English and French

masks: Umunna Umunna Umunna


texts:
 Law from the University of Manchester. After graduating, he studied for one term at the University of Burgundy in Dijon, before studying for a Master of Arts at Nottingham Trent University's law school. After university, in 2005, <mask> began work as a solicitor for the City of London firm Herbert Smith. In 2006 he joined Rochman Landau (now Ashfords LLP), specialising in employment law and advising companies on contentious transactional and advisory matters. From 2006, he began to write and provide commentary on the Labour Party, as well as broader social and economic issues, usually in his capacity as a member of the Management Committee of the Labour-aligned Compass pressure group. He also wrote articles for the Financial Times, Tribune, The Voice, The Guardian and the New Statesman, and began to appear on various radio and television programmes as a commentator. He founded and edited the online political magazine, The Multicultural Politic.In 2007, he campaigned in support of Jon Cruddas' unsuccessful bid to become Labour deputy leader. Political career

Early parliamentary career

In March 2008, <mask> was adopted as the Labour Party's prospective parliamentary candidate for Streatham. At the 2010 general election, he was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Streatham with a 3,259 majority; he gave his maiden speech on 2 June 2010. He took a particular interest in economic policy and reform of the City. <mask> described himself as being "One Nation Labour" and has written articles promoting the "Blue Labour" trend. He argued the Conservative-led coalition government should revise its programme of fiscal consolidation, take a tougher stance with the British banking industry and take action to transform the credit ratings agency market.


texts:
 <mask> was one of 63 Labour MPs to nominate Ed Miliband in the 2010 Labour leadership election to succeed Gordon Brown as party leader.In June 2010, <mask> was elected as a member of the Treasury Select Committee. In January 2011, he questioned the chief executive of Barclays, Bob Diamond, in relation to alleged tax avoidance activities by the bank during which he disclosed that the bank used over 300 subsidiary companies in offshore jurisdictions. In response to his question, Diamond stated in February 2011 that Barclays had paid £113m in UK corporation tax in 2009, despite making £11.6bn in profit. <mask> held this position on the Select Committee until his appointment as Shadow Minister for Small Business and Enterprise. Shadow Cabinet
In October 2010, following Miliband's election as party leader, <mask> was appointed to serve as his Parliamentary Private Secretary and, in May 2011, he was appointed to the position of Shadow Minister for Small Business and Enterprise until his promotion to the Shadow Cabinet. <mask> was promoted as Shadow Business Secretary on 7 October 2011, replacing John Denham, who announced his retirement from front-bench politics. Following his appointment, <mask> re-affirmed Labour's commitment to introducing a graduate tax in place of university tuition fees.In January 2012, <mask> joined Ed Miliband and Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury Rachel Reeves in calling on PM David Cameron to block a £1.6m bonus for Stephen Hester, the chief executive officer of the publicly owned Royal Bank of Scotland Group. During 2013, Umunna led claims that the Government's valuation of the Royal Mail during its privatisation had effectively "shortchanged" the taxpayer, a view supported by the significant rise in the share

masks: Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna


texts: price following the sale and the subsequent summoning of bankers to a parliamentary investigation. A member of the Labour Friends of Israel, he and Liam Byrne made an official visit to Israel in October 2012 as part of the LFI's UK-Israel Economic Dialogue group. Whilst a member of LFI, he condemned Israel's military courts for their treatment of Palestinian children accused of combat offences in December 2013. In April 2013, <mask>'s law firm was linked to favourable updates made on his Wikipedia page in 2007, which included a reference to him being tipped as the "British Barack Obama". In the same month, <mask> was criticised for comments he had made in his mid 20s on the exclusive social network ASmallWorld about the West End of London. Conservative MP Chris Heaton-Harris said the 2006 comments, describing people visiting nightclubs in the West End as "trash" and "c-list wannabes", showed a "lack of respect for the public"; <mask> stated that the comments were meant to have been "light-hearted in tone and context" but appreciated that "the choice of words used were not appropriate" and apologised for any offence.<mask> was accused of hypocrisy for accepting a £20,000 gift from a gambling executive despite campaigning against the spread of betting shops in his constituency and promising new powers to limit them. In early May 2014, <mask> raised concerns in Parliament and public over the proposed takeover of AstraZeneca, by the American pharmaceutical giant Pfizer, on the grounds of ensuring British jobs and interests. Despite assurances from Pfizer, Umunna went on to publicly denounce the proposed takeover proclaiming that Pfizer's assurances were "not worth the paper they were written on". The takeover bid eventually fell through in late

masks: Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna


texts:
 May 2014 after the AstraZeneca board rejected Pfizer's final offer. In May 2014, <mask> criticised fellow Shadow Health Secretary Andy Burnham's report into possible methods of restricting the sale and advertising of alcohol, unhealthy foods, and tobacco. He was quoted as having said that such courses of action as outlined in the report would be seen to be "anti-business and interventionist". <mask> has argued for a British federal state on multiple occasions, and has said that progressives should not dismiss George Osborne's notion of a "Northern Powerhouse", arguing that greater devolution, federalisation of the UK Labour Party into individual Labour Parties representing each component nation of the UK, greater political autonomy for England in particular, more regional powers and "wholescale federalisation" are necessary to advance the Labour Party.Leadership election and withdrawal

<mask> increased his majority to 13,934 at the 2015 general election, with 53% of the vote in his constituency. Following Labour's defeat in the election and resignation of Ed Miliband as leader, <mask> was identified as one of the potential candidates to take over as leader of the party. He called for Labour to target Conservatives and "aspirational, middle-class voters", saying that the party needs to be "on the side of those who are doing well." On 12 May, he announced his candidature for the Labour Party leadership election. Three days later, he withdrew from the contest, stating that he had been "uncomfortable" with "the added level of scrutiny that came with being a leadership candidate". On 26 May, he announced his endorsement of Liz Kendall, who was unsuccessful in her bid for the Labour leadership. Return to the backbenches
In September 2015,

masks: Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna


texts: following the election of Jeremy Corbyn as the Leader of the Labour Party, <mask> announced his resignation from the Shadow Cabinet and returned to the backbenches, citing differences over the Brexit referendum and issues of collective ministerial responsibility.<mask> supported "Remain" in the Brexit referendum. His constituency voted with the highest proportion of votes to remain, with 79.5%. Following the victory for the Leave campaign, <mask> proposed an amendment to the bill to trigger Article 50 calling upon the government to investigate spending £350 million a week on the NHS, which was defeated by the government. He subsequently voted for the unmodified bill to leave the EU, writing with Wes Streeting that "as democrats we must abide by the national result". In the 2017 general election campaign <mask> opposed a second referendum on Brexit. Following his re-election in the 2017 general election, <mask> proposed a rebel amendment to the Queen's Speech calling upon the government to "rule out withdrawal from the EU without a deal" and "set out proposals to remain within the Customs Union and Single Market”. Three Labour frontbenchers were sacked for supporting the defeated amendment, which the Labour leadership argued conflicted with their manifesto commitment to end freedom of movement.On 15 April 2018, <mask> attended the launch event of the People's Vote, a campaign group calling for a public vote on the final Brexit deal between the UK and the European Union. Umunna favours a second referendum on Brexit. <mask> wrote that the campaign to leave the EU lied during the campaign and also broke the law spending more money than was allowed. Umunna has stated that the British people now know the truth and should have a second say over


texts:
 whether the UK leaves the European Union. In July 2018, <mask> wrote, "If the proposals which the PM is pursuing feel unacceptable to the majority of the electorate, that says something. People voted to leave and to remain for very different reasons, but it’s nonsense to say that every single person who voted for Brexit in the EU referendum did so because they unanimously agreed on leaving the single market and the customs union, putting the Good Friday Agreement at risk, garnering no extra money for the NHS (contrary to what they were told) and potentially continuing years of austerity." In August 2018, The Guardian reported that "<mask> and fellow Labour MP Chris Leslie are widely believed to be laying the groundwork for the creation of a new [political] party although both have denied this."In October 2018, it was announced that <mask> would serve as the chairman of a new centrist think tank called Progressive Centre UK. It was revealed that he would be earning £65,000 a year for his work on the advisory board. Change UK
On 18 February 2019, <mask> and six other MPs (Luciana Berger, Chris Leslie, Angela Smith, Mike Gapes, Gavin Shuker, and Ann Coffey) quit Labour in protest at Jeremy Corbyn's leadership to form The Independent Group (later Change UK). The Independent Group named <mask> as its Spokesman on 28 February 2019. On 24 May 2019, <mask> wrote in the i newspaper that Change UK would be open to a pro-EU pact with the Liberal Democrats in order to unite the Remain vote. On 4 June, after Change UK's poor results in the EU election, <mask> left the party with five of its other MPs who did not wish for Change UK to stand candidates at future elections. Subsequently, Change UK's new leader, Anna Soubry, said that Umunna had made a


texts:
 "serious mistake" in leaving the party.Liberal Democrats

On 13 June 2019, <mask> announced to The Times he would be joining the Liberal Democrats. He told the BBC he had been "wrong" to think "millions of politically homeless people wanted a new party", while referring to moving from Change UK. He also said he "massively underestimated just how difficult it is to set up a fully fledged new party without an existing infrastructure", after Change UK received a mere 3.4% of the vote in the EU elections, far behind the Liberal Democrats' 20%. He added, under Britain's voting system, there would not be "room for more than one centre ground" party in a general election. Though <mask> had previously been publicly critical of the Liberal Democrats for "enabling Tory austerity" during the 2010 to 2015 coalition government, he told the BBC that "things have changed." He also speculated that "a good handful" of other MPs may defect to the Liberal Democrats. In September 2019, in his first major speech to the Liberal Democrat Federal Conference, <mask> argued Britain was unable to exert its moral authority against authoritarian leaders in the world at a time when Prime Minister Boris Johnson was threatening to break the law over Brexit.At the 2019 United Kingdom general election, <mask> stood in Cities of London and Westminster, and lost to the Conservative Party candidate, Nickie Aiken. Helen Thompson replaced him as the Lib Dem candidate in Streatham, and also lost. Business career
Since April 2020, <mask> has been a non-executive director of Advanced and an adviser to Digital Identity Net UK. In July 2020 <mask> was appointed executive director and head of the Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) consultancy within the specialist capital

masks: Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna Umunna


texts:
 markets and financial services team at public relations and marketing consultancy firm Edelman UK. <mask> said about the appointment "If we're to fundamentally change the model of capitalism we've got to ensure that the overwhelming majority of businesses are integrating ESG factors into corporate decision making like never before." On 12 April 2021 he joined the investment bank JPMorgan Chase to oversee its ESG advisory efforts in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Personal life
Umunna is married to Alice Sullivan, an employment lawyer.The couple have a daughter, born in 2017. He is a Crystal Palace F.C. fan. He has said that his politics and moral values come from Christianity, but that he is "not majorly religious". Several years before he left politics, <mask> was cited as one of the Top 100 most influential Africans by New African magazine in 2015. Notes

References

External links

 Article archive at The Guardian
 Chuka Umunna – Operation Black Vote profile
 Streatham Labour
 The Multicultural Politic (TMP) Online
 The rise of <mask> <mask> MP charted by Ethos Journal
 Chuka Umunna archive at The Guardian

|-

1978 births
Living people
Alumni of Nottingham Trent University
Alumni of the University of Manchester
Black British politicians
Blue Labour
English male non-fiction writers
English people of Igbo descent
English people of Irish descent
English people of Nigerian descent
English solicitors
Igbo lawyers
Igbo politicians
Change UK MPs
Labour Friends of Israel
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Liberal Democrats (UK) MPs for English constituencies
People educated at St Dunstan's College
People from Streatham
UK MPs 2010–2015
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
Black British MPs
JPMorgan Chase employees

British

masks: Umunna Umunna Chuka Umunna


texts:
<mask> (or Malloch) ( 1705–1765) was a Scottish poet and dramatist. He was educated at the University of Edinburgh, and went to London in 1723 to work as a private tutor. There he became friendly with Alexander Pope, James Thomson, and other literary figures including Henry St John, Viscount Bolingbroke. His best-known work was written in the same year: William and Margaret, adapted from a traditional ballad. In 1740, he collaborated with Thomson on a masque, Alfred, which was the vehicle for "Rule, Britannia!". His other plays and poetry (e.g. Amyntor and Theodora), popular at the time, are largely forgotten, but Bolingbroke's writings were edited and published by <mask> in 1754.Life
Mallet was probably the second son of James Malloch of Dunruchan, a well-to-do tenant farmer on Lord Drummond's Perthshire estate, a Roman Catholic, and a member of the outlawed Clan MacGregor. The household suffered during the Jacobite Rebellion of 1715. Mallet gave his age as 28 in 1733, and was therefore born about 1705. He seems to have been educated at the parish school of Crieff under John Ker. In 1717 <mask> was acting as janitor in Edinburgh High School. In 1720 he became resident tutor to the sons of Mr. Home of Dreghorn; he held the post till 1723, studied at the same time at the University of Edinburgh (1721–2, 1722–3), and formed a friendship with a fellow student, James Thomson the poet, a future collaborator. In July 1723 he accepted the post of tutor to the sons of the Duke of Montrose.Leaving the university without a degree, he went in August to London, and then to the duke's seat at Shawford, near Winchester. He lived with the family until 1731, mainly in London and Shawford. In 1726 he received the honorary degree of M.A. from the University of Aberdeen, ostensibly for an English poem in imitation of Ker's Donaides. Early in 1727 he made a continental tour with his

masks:
David Mallet
Mallet
Mallet


texts:
 pupils. Towards the end of 1731 he left the Montrose family, and went to Gosfield in Essex, to act as tutor to the stepson of John Knight, to whose wife, formerly Mrs. Newsham, he had been recommended by Alexander Pope. On 2 November 1733 <mask>, with his pupil, matriculated at St. Mary Hall, Oxford, where he resided fairly regularly till 27 September 1734.On 5 March 1735 he received, at his request, the degree of M.A. from the University of Edinburgh, and on the 15th of that month he graduated B.A., and on 6 April M.A. of the University of Oxford. He was again abroad in 1735. <mask> came into favour with the opposition, and was appointed, 27 May 1742, under-secretary to the Prince of Wales. In 1745 he made a tour in Holland. <mask> was rewarded in 1763 by Lord Bute, to whom he had given fulsome praise, with the post of inspector of exchequer-book in the outports of London, a sinecure which he held till his death.In the autumn of the following year he joined his wife Lucy in Paris, but ill health compelled him to return to London. He died on Sunday, 21 April 1765 and was buried on 27 April in St. George's cemetery, South Audley Street. Works
Mallet published a Pastoral in the Edinburgh Miscellany in 1720; and during his college days produced a number of short pieces, including an imitation of John Milton entitled The Transfiguration, first published in the Edinburgh Magazine in 1793. Shortly before his engagement with the Montrose family he composed the ballad of William and Margaret which was published first anonymously in black letter, and then in 1724, in Allan Ramsay's Tea-Table Miscellany, and Aaron Hill's Plain Dealer No. 36. Further poems followed, mostly written for John Ker; and in February 1725 he wrote verses on Mira, the Clio of his friend Thomson. For Thomson's poem on Winter, published in March 1726, he wrote a dedication to Sir Spencer Compton, and

masks: Mallet Mallet Mallet


texts:
 some verses for the second edition He had himself written, early in 1725, a poem on the same subject, which was praised by Thomson; and on his return from the continent he prepared for the press The Excursion, in two books, which he had written in 1726.On 22 February 1731 <mask> produced his tragedy of Eurydice at Drury Lane, with a prologue and epilogue by Aaron Hill. It was acted about thirteen times, and was revived in 1759. <mask> showed his appreciation for Pope with his poem on Verbal Criticism (1733), in which he ridiculed Lewis Theobald. <mask> made more of a reputation with the tragedy of Mustapha, produced at Drury Lane on 13 Feb. 1738–9. The prologue was by Thomson, and the play was dedicated to Frederick, Prince of Wales: like Thomson's Edward and Eleonora, but less openly, it was directed against the king and Sir Robert Walpole. With James Quin as Solyman, it ran for fourteen nights. In 1740 <mask> published a short Life of Bacon; shortly afterwards <mask> and Thomson were commanded by the Prince to write the masque of Alfred, to celebrate both the birthday of the Princess Augusta and the anniversary of George I's accession.It was played in the gardens of Cliefden, before the Prince and Princess of Wales, on Friday, 1 August 1740, with Quin, Christiana Horton, and Kitty Clive in the leading parts. Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough left in 1744 the sum of £1,000 to <mask> and Richard Glover, to write a life of her husband; and <mask>, on Glover's refusal, undertook the work. He only did some research. He published, in May 1747, ‘Amyntor and Theodora, or the Hermit.’

<mask> and Thomson had, through George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton, support from the Prince of Wales, but then lost it as Lyttelton fell from favour. <mask> then found the patronage of Bolingbroke, and prepared a new edition of the Patriot King, published in 1749; in it he attacked

masks: Mallet Mallet Mallet Mallet Mallet Mallet Mallet Mallet Mallet


texts:
 the memory of Pope for having clandestinely edited and printed the work in 1738. There was a short pamphlet war with Pope's friends. He then edited Bolingbroke's works, 5 vols.in March 1754. Samuel Johnson remarked on this enterprise that Bolingbroke had "spent his life in charging a gun against Christianity", and "left half-a-crown to a hungry Scotchman to draw the trigger after his death". In 1751, three years after the death of Thomson, <mask> published a new version of the masque of 1740. The adaptation was major, with new scenes and songs added. It was acted at Drury Lane on 23 February 1751, with <mask> in the title rôle. The masque of Britannia, an appeal to patriotic sentiment on the eve of an outbreak of war with France, followed in 1755. It was produced at Drury Lane on 9 May, when Garrick spoke the prologue as a drunken sailor.On 19 January 1763 <mask>'s Elvira was acted at the same venue during the "half-price riots". Garrick took the part of Don Pedro, the last original character in which he was seen; but it provoked a pamphlet of Critical Strictures by James Boswell and two fellow Scots. In the intervening years <mask> had written lesser works, including the ballad of Edwin and Emma (1760), and a partisan indictment by a "Plain Man" against Admiral Byng in 1757. An extract from his The tragedy of Bowes appears in The Bishoprick Garland 1834 by Cuthbert Sharp. Notes

External links
<mask> at the Eighteenth-Century Poetry Archive (ECPA)
<mask>, Scots Poets
<mask>, Anglo-Scot: poetry, patronage, and politics in the age of union

1705 births
1765 deaths
18th-century Scottish people
18th-century Scottish writers
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Anglo-Scots
People of the Scottish Enlightenment
Scottish dramatists and playwrights
Scottish editors
Scottish historians
Scottish Jacobites
Scottish poets
Scottish political writers
Scottish spies
18th-century

masks:
Mallet
David Garrick
Mallet
Mallet
David Mallet
David Mallet
David Mallet


texts:
<mask> (born 4 February 1941) is a Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom. He served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Coventry South from 1992 to 2019. He announced his retirement in September 2019. Early life
<mask> was born in Coatbridge, Scotland and educated locally at Columba High School before attending the Trade Union College in Tillicoultry, where he completed a number of Ruskin courses on industrial relations and trade union law. In 1964, he became an engineer for Rolls-Royce in Ansty, joining the Labour Party in 1966 he became a shop steward with the predecessors of the Manufacturing, Science and Finance Union in the Rolls-Royce plant from 1968 throughout his service as a councillor and later Deputy Leader of Coventry City Council. Local government
<mask> began his political career as a Coventry councillor in 1972 and became the Chair of the Council's Consumer Services Committee from 1975 until 1977. He was also the Vice-Chair of the Finance Committee for three terms, 1975 until 1977, 1979 until 1982 and from 1985 until 1988.He also served as the Vice-Chair of the Leisure Committee from 1975 until 1977, serving as the Chair from 1979 until 1982. He next served as the Vice-Chair of the Transport and Highways Committee from 1983 until 1985 when he became the Chief Whip of the Labour Group on the Council from 1985 until 1987 when he became the Deputy Leader of Coventry City Council. <mask> left Rolls-Royce as an engineer and shop steward in 1988 upon his appointment as Leader of the City Council which he served until his election to Parliament in 1992. Parliament
<mask> was selected to contest the Coventry South East constituency at the 1992 general election following the expulsion of the sitting Labour MP Dave Nellist, a member  of the

masks:
James Dolan Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham


texts: Trotskyist Militant group, who had thus become ineligible to be selected as the Labour candidate. <mask> emerged as the victor with a majority of 1,311 votes over the Conservative candidate Martine Hyams; Nellist finished third but only by a further 40 votes. <mask> made his maiden speech on 12 May 1992 in which he spoke of the social and economic problems of Coventry and criticised the then level of central government resources allocated to the city. Following reports from the previous year that the Queen was to agree to pay income tax, which Buckingham Palace and the Prime Minister denied, he called for the Queen and other members of the Royal Family to begin paying income tax in his letter to the Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1992.<mask> was heavily involved in the campaign for justice for former workers of Matrix Churchill In particular <mask> was critical of the remit and progress of the Scott Report into the Arms-to-Iraq for not consulting the former workers. Reflecting his previous career <mask> set up a Parliamentary group for Rolls Royce bringing together MPs and Trade Unions. Throughout his time in Parliament, <mask> consistently campaigned for Rolls Royce workers. In 1994 <mask> chaired the Committee on the hybrid Croydon Tramlink Bill, which recommended the project go ahead. <mask> was a founder member andserved as chair of the APPG on Strokes. In 2002 CUnningham secured an adjournment debate on the subject. He became a member of the Home Affairs Select committee from 1993 until 1997.He then served on the Trade and Industry Select Committee from 1997 as well as serving upon the House of Commons Panel of Chairs from 1998 leaving both upon the 2001 general election. <mask> then served on the Constitutional Affairs Select Committee from 2003

masks: Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham


texts: until 2005. In 2004, he led a parliamentary campaign to prevent Jaguar Cars closing its Browns Lane assembly plant. This campaign included organising a meeting between several workers of the plant and the Prime Minister and the Chancellor of the Exchequer as well as <mask> joining factory workers when they lobbied the Ford managers at the Paris Motor Show. <mask> briefly served on the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister Select Committee in 2005 until the general election. Following the 2005 election, he served on the House of Commons Procedures Select Committee until 2006 and served as the Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Solicitor General Mike O'Brien until 2007. <mask> remained O'Brien's PPS as O'Brien became a Minister of State at the Department for Work and Pensions from 2007 until 2008, then a Minister of State at the Department of Energy and Climate Change from 2008 until 2009 and as a Minister of State at the Department of Health from 2009 until 2010.<mask> served on the Standards and Privileges Select Committee in 2010. He served as the Treasurer of the All Party Parliamentary Group on Funerals and Bereavement from 2005 until 2010 and is the Vice-Chair of the All Party Parliamentary Group on Chinese Development. From 2005 to 2019 <mask> was the Chair of the West Midlands Group of Labour MPs. In 2006 <mask> arranged a meeting between Trade Unions representing workers at Peugeot Ryton and the Chancellor Gordon Brown over threats to the future of the plant. During the 2009 parliamentary expenses scandal, <mask> was praised by The Telegraph, which cited his consistently low expenses that made him the 27th lowest claiming MP out of 645 MPs. In 2011, <mask> arranged a meeting with the Minister for Defence Equipment, Support and Technology Peter

masks: Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham


texts: Luff, as a response to the Rolls-Royce announcement that it would lay off one quarter of its staff at its Ansty plant by 2012 due to the UK defence cuts and the plant's reliance upon repairing and servicing RAF jet engines. As well as these planned redundancies, Rolls-Royce also plans temporary redundancies during periods of low activity and having staff work longer without being paid extra.<mask> questioned what the government's plans were to secure more work for the plant and met with union officials and management in order to find a solution to safeguard the plant and its work force. <mask> supported the campaign to renovate Coventry's medieval Charterhouse Priory, one of only nine Carthusian monasteries left in the UK. In 2012 he facilitated a visit by the then Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Culture, Communications and Creative Industries Ed Vaizey to the site to draw attention to the campaign. In 2013, <mask> campaigned with Unite the Union to keep London Taxis International producing the iconic Black Hackney Cab in Coventry. <mask> also actively campaigned to keep Jaguar Land Rover in the West Midlands following the purchase of the company by Tata. This included meeting with Tata to gain assurances that work would stay in the region. In the same year <mask> also campaigned to save the Remploy factory in his constituency.<mask> was also a longterm campaigner against the use and abuse of zero hours contracts. In a 2013 debate in Parliament he stated 'that zero-hours contracts are a throwback to the 1930s when miners and dockers had to turn up to work not knowing whether they would get a job. This is a modern veneer on an old, tried and tired system that was chucked out many years ago.'. He supported Owen Smith in the failed attempt to

masks: Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham Cunningham