texts:
 Queen Elizabeth Hall, London, England; Instrumental Quintet of London. 1997 “Night Owls” – E. Cowie; Benaroya Hall, Seattle, US; <mask> flute, Ian Brown piano. 1999 “Concerto” – Keith Gates; City Hall, Lake Charles, Louisiana, US; Lake Charles Symphony Orchestra. 2001 “Concerto” – Roger Steptoe; St. John’s Smith Square, Barbican, London, England; New London Orchestra, Conductor: Ronald Corp.
2003 “Moon Dances” – Cecilia McDowell; Wigmore Hall, London, England; <mask> flute, Ian Brown piano. 2003 “Moon Dances” – Cecilia McDowell; Ticino Festival, Lugano, Switzerland; <mask> flute, Ian Brown piano. 2003, “Three Pictures” – Goosens, Prokofiev, McDowall; Wigmore Hall, London, England; <mask> & Ian Brown. Conductor: Taktakishvilli.2004 “Sonata” – Brian Lock; Seoul Arts Centre, Seoul, South Korea; <mask> flute, Ian Brown piano. 2008 “Octagon” – Ian Finney; The Octagon, Green College, Oxford, England; <mask> flute. 2009 “Two Triptychs” – Jacob Thompson; Purcell Room, London, England; Debussy Ensemble. Publications
<mask>, Quadruplets Book 1: Scale Books For The Instruction Of Students. Master Classics, 2000
<mask>, Triplets & Sextuplets Book 2: Scale Books For The Instruction Of Students. Master Classics, 2006
<mask>, Flute Notes: A Performers Handbook of Programme Notes for the flute repertoire (148 composers and over 400 works). Researched, written and

masks:
Susan Milan
Susan Milan
Susan Milan
Susan Milan
Susan Milan
Susan Milan
Susan Milan
Susan Milan
Susan Milan


type: original

texts:
 revised by <mask>.Master Classics (1st ed.) 2006 / Master Classics 2010 (2nd ed.) Franz Schubert, Three Sonatinas, Opus 137, Edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 1993
Carl Reinecke, The “Undine” Sonata, Opus 167. Researched & edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 1991
John Francis Barnett, The Grand Sonata, Opus 41. Researched & edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 1993
Sergei Rachmaninov, Vocalise, Opus 34, Number 14. Edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 2000
Edward German, Romance and Intermezzo. Researched & edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 1991
<mask>, Cadenzas for Mozart Concertos Number 1 and 2, and Andante in C. Composed by <mask>, Emerson Edition 1988
Wilhelm Popp, Sonatine, Opus 388, Number 1.Researched & edited, Hunt Edition, 1995
Sergei Rachmaninov, Apres Une Reve. Edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes

References

External links

 Royal College Of Music

Living people
1947 births
English classical flautists
Academics of the Royal College of Music
Alumni of the Royal College of Music
Women flautists
Women music


texts:
<mask> (; born 1952 in moshav Kfar Hess) is Major General (ret.) Israel Defense Forces. <mask> is a former head of the Israeli National Security Council. After his retirement from the public sector, he was a senior research associate at the Institute for National Security Studies (INSS). <mask> is a frequent commentator and contributor on international security matters on local and foreign media. In 2007 he founded a consulting company of national security and strategic services for governments and multinational organizations. He holds an M.B.A. and B.A.in economics from Bar Ilan University. Biography

Military service
Eiland joined the army in 1970, and served in the Paratroopers Brigade Battalion 890. He served in a variety of roles within the brigade: as platoon leader (1973 Battle of the Chinese Farm in the Yom Kippur War), an  operations officer, company commander (1976 Operation Entebbe), vice-commander of a battalion (1978 Operation Litani), commander of 50 "Baselet" Airborne Battalion (1982 First Lebanon War) and reserve commander of the  Paratroopers Brigade. Following First Lebanon War Eiland served as commander of Infantry Officers School of the Chief Officer of Infantry Corps (Israel). In 1984 Eiland  completed the Advanced Infantry Course at Fort Benning, Georgia, United States. After his return to Israel he was appointed as Operations Directorate officer in the Infantry Corps (Israel). In the years 1990–1992 he commanded the IDF Officers School (Training Base 1), and in the years 1992–1993 was the commander of the Givati Brigade.In 1993, <mask> was appointed as the head of the Paratroopers and Infantry Corps in the rank of Brigadier General. In 1996 <mask> was appointed Head of Operations Division

masks:
Giora Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland


texts:
 in Operations Directorate, and in 1999 he was appointed Head of Operations Directorate in rank of Major General. In this role he was involved in preparations for the IDF withdrawal from Lebanon and also in conflict with the Palestinians (Second Intifada). In 2001 he was appointed head of the Planning Directorate. Still an army officer, Eiland took part in the political process, during the Israeli–Palestinian peace process and was appointed to accompany the Foreign Minister Shimon Peres, in his talks with Yasser Arafat. Eiland also represented the Israeli security forces in talks with U.S., Palestinian and other officials. In 2003, with the end of his term in the Planning Directorate, Eiland rejected an offer to become IDF attache in Washington, and retired from the army after 33 years of service.National Security Council
Eiland left the Planning Directorate and the IDF to accept, in January 2004, Sharon's offer that he head the National Security Council (NSC). <mask> was the fourth NSC head in the six years of the Council's existence, the others being David Ivri, Uzi Dayan, and Ephraim Halevy, and could not penetrate the walls around the Prime Minister's office. However, unlike Dayan and Levy, whose terms were marked by worsening relations with Prime Minister Sharon, Eiland had a constructive working relationship with the Prime Minister, despite their practical disagreements. In early 2003, a few weeks after his retirement from the army and arrival to the NSC, Eiland became aware of  Sharon's disengagement initiative – at that stage the initiative had more limited objectives in the Gaza Strip and broader in the West Bank. Eiland agreed that a political initiative was needed, but objected to both the content of


texts:
 Sharon's proposal and the procedure for preparing and presenting it. In 2004 Eiland took part in drawing up the disengagement plan in close consultations with US Advisors among them National Security Council Middle East Advisor Elliott Abrams. Eiland shuttled with Ariel Sharon's Chief of Staff, between Washington and Jerusalem to hammer up successive drafts.It was <mask>'s initiative to establish a Disengagement Authority and to set a realistic schedule program. The plan, as adopted by the Israeli Government and the Knesset, is largely a result of <mask>'s formulation. During the year 2005 there were reports in the media about Eiland's criticism of the policy and the national security decision-making process. After the implementation of the disengagement plan had been concluded, Eiland informed the Prime Minister that he had exhausted his ability to influence the process and he decided to resign from the NSC. Among other tasks during his tenure, Eiland was appointed as the head of the first governmental steering committee on cyber. On June 1, 2006, he was replaced as head of NSC by former deputy head of the Mossad, Ilan Mizrahi. After retiring from the Council
In 2006, Eiland was appointed by the Chief of Staff, Dan Halutz, as the head of the examination committee of experts, to investigate the capture of the Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit by the Hamas to Gaza Strip.In 2010, <mask> headed a team of experts examining the preparations and in the actual boarding of the Gaza flotilla raid. <mask> presented the report to the chief of staff, Gabi Ashkenazi on July 12, 2010. On May 29, 2011, <mask> said on Kol Yisrael Radio that in his view it would be better for Israel to let the next flotilla – expected to set  out in

masks: Eiland Eiland Eiland Eiland Eiland


texts:
 late June 2011 – get through to Gaza, provided that the Government of Turkey would be willing to take responsibility for the flotilla, inspect all ships and make sure they were not carrying arms. In 2007, he founded a private consulting company, giving advice to several companies in the defense industry of Israel, as well as to Israel Military Industries. The company also provides services in various settings to foreign governments, multinational corporations, and organizations. Among other projects, Eiland gave an expert's witness and submitted an expert's opinion on security aspects, in the international arbitration in the case of the Egyptian pipeline explosion which halted the flow of gas to Israel due to a series of terrorist explosions in 2011. In 2015 the arbitration ruled in favor of the Israeli prosecutor, telling the Egyptian gas companies to pay a compensation of $1.8 billion.Eiland regularly writes op-ed articles in Yediot Aharonot. In these he reiterates two specific interlinked ideas. Eiland calls for Israel to recognise Hamas as the effective government of the Gaza Strip and cease any attempt to topple Hamas or facilitate restoration of Palestinian Authority rule in Gaza. And Eiland promotes the idea of "A Regional Solution" for the Palestinian problem, whereby Israel would annex a large part of the West Bank, and Egypt would compensate the Palestinians by ceding to them part of the Sinai Peninsula. As of March 2019, Eiland's ideas were not adopted by Israeli, Palestinian or Egyptian decision-makers; indeed, Palestinians and Egyptians on several occasions vehemently denounced them. References

1952 births
Israeli people of the Yom Kippur War
Israeli generals
Living people
Bar-Ilan University


texts:
<mask> (November 7, 1879 – July 11, 1948) was an American actor, film director and screenwriter. He was an internationally famous movie star of the silent film era. The first individually publicized leading man in America, <mask> was referred to as "<mask> of the Movies," "The Most Photographed Man in the World" and "The Man Whose Face Is As Familiar As The Man In The Moon." <mask> appeared in over 300 motion pictures from 1909 to 1947; wrote 18 screenplays; and directed 45 movies from 1912 to 1928, including The Lie (1912), Raffles, the Amateur Cracksman (1925) and The House of Scandal (1928). He also directed William S. Hart in his most famous western, Tumbleweeds (1925). Among his film appearances, he was best known for The Scarlet Letter (1911), Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1913), and Ivanhoe (1913), which was filmed on location in Wales. Early life
He was born in St. Louis, Missouri, the son of <mask> (1845–1909) and Harriet M. "Hattie" <mask> (1859–1933).His siblings were Amos Taylor <mask> (1881–1954); Thomas Gantt <mask> (1889–1979); John Marmaduke <mask> (1891–1975); Arthur Lee <mask> (1893–? ); Marion L<mask> (1896–1973); and Harriet D<mask> (1899–1930). His father was born in Ireland, and emigrated from County Limerick to the United States in 1852. He was a prominent St. Louis real estate agent. Baggot attended Christian Brothers College High School, a prominent Catholic all-male secondary school, where he excelled at sports, was a star soccer and baseball player, and became captain of the soccer team. In 1894, <mask> left St. Louis and went to Chicago, where he worked as a clerk for his uncle, <mask>

masks:
William King Baggot
Baggot
King
Baggot
William Baggot
King
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
. Baggot
. Baggot
King
Edward Baggot


texts:
 (1839–1903), whose business sold plumbing, gas and electric fixtures. In 1899, he returned to St. Louis and later played on a semi-professional St. Louis soccer team and became so well known that a Catholic church amateur theatrical group added him to its cast to gain prestige.He liked acting and did well. He soon helped found another amateur theatrical group, the Players Club of St. Louis. In the meantime, he sold tickets for the St. Louis Browns baseball team and worked as a clerk in the real estate business of his father. But acting proved so interesting that he decided to become professional. Stage career
Baggot began his career on the stage in a Shakespearean stock company and toured throughout the U.S. Following his first engagement, he performed under the management of Liebler and Company, one of the foremost producing companies at that time. He also toured under the management of Frohman, and the Shuberts, and played five weeks in New York in The Queen of the Highway.Other plays in which he appeared include the comedy revival Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch, which had a run on Broadway in 1906, Salomy Jane and In the Bishop's Carriage. While acting in stock in St. Louis, in the summer of 1909, <mask> worked with Marguerite Clark in Peter Pan and The Golden Garter. In the two weeks that remained of the season, he played small roles in Frou Frou and Jenny, which both starred Countess Venturini. When the season closed, he was cast as supporting player with Marguerite Clark in the Schubert touring production of The Wishing Ring, which was adapted by Owen Davis from a Dorothea Deakin story. Another cast member,


texts:
 Cecil B. DeMille, also staged the play. When The Wishing Ring closed in Chicago, <mask> returned to New York to join another company. Upon a chance meeting with Harry Solter, who was directing movies for Carl Laemmle at Independent Moving Pictures Company (IMP), he was persuaded to go with Solter to the studio.Movies were then looked down on by the dramatic profession as a mere recording of stunts, but <mask> went along. He was amused at the violent gestures and jumping around of the players, taking none of it seriously. <mask>, however, became interested in the fledgling industry and later decided to give it a try and turn picture player. Film career
<mask>'s first film was the romance short The Awakening of Bess (1909) opposite Florence Lawrence. It was directed by Harry Solter, her husband, at IMP in Fort Lee, New Jersey. At a time when screen actors worked anonymously, <mask> and Lawrence became the first "movie stars" to be given billing, a marquee and promotion in advertising. In April 1910, <mask> was at home with his mother and family in St. Louis, when the U.S. Census was taken there.He starred in at least 42 movies opposite Lawrence from 1909 to 1911. In the latter year, he starred in at least 16 movies with Mary Pickford, including Pictureland (1911). Pickford was hired to replace Lawrence after she and Solter broke their contracts, including the one-reel romance/drama Sweet Memories, which was directed by Thomas H. Ince. <mask> also began writing screenplays and directing, all the while becoming a major star internationally. When he appeared "in person" at theatres he was mobbed at stage doors. By 1912, he

masks: Baggot Baggot Baggot Baggot Baggot Baggot Baggot


texts: was so famous that when he took the leading part in forming the prestigious Screen Club in New York, the first organization of its kind strictly for movie people, he was the natural choice for its first president. On December 3, 1912, he and Ruth Considine (August 28, 1889 – December 22, 1936) were married in Fort Lee, New Jersey.They had one son, <mask> <mask> (July 11, 1914 – May 18, 1965). A cameraman, he died in Hawaii, while working on a movie. <mask> <mask> had two sons, cinematographer <mask> <mask> (born 1943) and <mask> (born 1947). <mask> starred as Wilfred of Ivanhoe in Ivanhoe (1913), a feature length adventure drama that was filmed on location in England and at Chepstow Castle in Wales. He played the role as Jean Dumas in the drama Absinthe (1914), which was filmed in Paris. In his 1914 two-reel movie Shadows, <mask> directed as well as played the parts of ten different characters. When he registered for the draft of World War I, on September 12, 1918, <mask> and his wife were living in New York City.He starred in the role as Harrison Grant in the 20-part spy thriller The Eagle's Eye (1918) opposite Marguerite Snow, an adaptation of former FBI Director William J. Flynn's experiences that was produced by Leopold and Theodore Wharton, and as Sheldon Steele (The Hawk) in the crime drama The Hawk's Trail (1919) opposite Grace Darmond. As a director, he gave Marie Prevost her first starring role in the romantic comedy Kissed (1922). Baggot directed Mary Philbin and William Haines in the romance The Gaiety Girl (1924). He formed his own production company, King Baggot Productions, and produced and directed The

masks:
Robert King
Baggot
Robert King
Baggot
Stephen King
Baggot
Bruce Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot


texts:
 Home Maker (1925), a drama starring Clive Brook and Alice Joyce about the reversal of traditional roles between a husband and wife, which was released through Universal. That same year, <mask> directed William S. Hart in his most famous western, Tumbleweeds, a drama about the Oklahoma land rush of 1893. Decline
<mask> and his wife, Ruth, who had separated on August 20, 1926, were divorced in 1930. She filed on grounds of desertion, stating in the complaint that he was a bad example to their son.She said he would return home after drinking and be in a boisterous mood. When the 1930 census was taken on April 7, <mask> was lodging by himself. His alcoholism and problems with certain studio executives eventually ended <mask>'s directing career. He turned to playing character roles, bit parts and even jobs as an extra, and appeared in scores of movies in that capacity through the 1930s and 1940s, including Mississippi (1935). <mask> played the uncredited role as a policeman on the street in Bad Sister (1931), which starred Conrad Nagel and Sidney Fox, with Bette Davis in her first movie role. He had the role as Henry Field, a movie director, in the Monogram Pictures drama Police Court (1932) co-starring Henry B. Walthall, which told the story of a has-been alcoholic actor (Walthall) trying to make a comeback. In 1933, <mask> and former leading lady Florence Lawrence, Paul Panzer and another former great star of the silent era, Francis Ford, were given bit parts in what would be former co-star Mary Pickford's last movie, Secrets.In her Los Angeles Times gossip column on March 1, 1946, Hedda Hopper wrote, "<mask>, who used to

masks:
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
King Baggot


texts:
 be one of our top directors, is working as an extra in The Show-Off. While living at the Aberdeen Hotel in Venice, California, <mask> made his final movie appearance in the uncredited part of a bank employee in the comedy My Brother Talks to Horses (1947) starring Butch Jenkins and Peter Lawford. Illness then forced his retirement. <mask> died at age 68 from a stroke at a sanatorium in Los Angeles. His funeral service was conducted in the chapel of Pierce Brothers Hollywood Mortuary at 1 p.m. on Thursday, July 15, 1948. He is interred in Calvary Cemetery, East Los Angeles. For his contributions to the film industry, <mask> received a motion pictures star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960.His star is located at 6312 Hollywood Boulevard. Filmography

As actor

As director
The Lie (1912, short)
 Cheated Love (1921)
 Luring Lips (1921)
 Nobody's Fool (1921)
Moonlight Follies (1921)
The Lavender Bath Lady (1922)
Kissed (1922)
 A Dangerous Game (1922)
The Darling of New York (1923)
 Gossip (1923)
Crossed Wires (1923)
 The Whispered Name (1924)
 The Tornado (1924)
The Gaiety Girl (1924)
Raffles, the Amateur Cracksman (1925)
The Home Maker (1925)
Tumbleweeds (1925)
Lovey Mary (1926)
 Perch of the Devil (1927)
Down the Stretch (1927)
The Notorious Lady (1927)
 The House of Scandal (1928)
 Romance of a Rogue (1928)

References

Further reading
Dumaux, Sally A. (2002). <mask>ot: A Biography and Filmography of the First King of the Movies. McFarland. 290 pp. External links

<mask>ot: A Biography and Filmography of the First King of the Movies at Google Book Search

1879 births
1948 deaths
American male stage actors
American

masks:
Baggot
King Baggot
Baggot
King Bagg
King Bagg


texts:
 male film actors
American male silent film actors
American male screenwriters
American male Shakespearean actors
American people of Irish descent
American soccer players
Male actors from St. Louis
20th-century American male actors
Film directors from Missouri
Burials at Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles)
Association footballers not categorized by position
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American


texts:
Elohor <mask> (born 13 August 1989), better known as <mask> or simply <mask>, is a Nigerian rapper, entertainer, make-up artist, fashion designer and entrepreneur. She is considered one of the best female rappers in Nigeria. Since her breakthrough into the Nigerian music industry, <mask> has garnered several awards including one Nigeria Entertainment Award from 4 nominations, one Eloy Award, and one YEM award from 2 nominations. Her debut EP, titled The GIGO E.P, was released for free digital download on 20 November 2011. <mask> is the owner of makeupByOrsela, a company that specializes in Makeup services. In November 2014, <mask> released her self-titled second EP. Her debut studio album, 1960: The Album, was released in September 2016.
ref>

Career

Early life and career beginnings

<mask> was born to Nigerian parents from Delta State.She got introduced to music by her mother, who listened to musical recordings from the 1970s and 1980s. <mask> has cited Michael Jackson, Bob Marley, Sade Adu, The Carpenters, John Lennon and Don Williams as her musical influences. Eminem's "Cleanin' Out My Closet" inspired her to pursue a professional rap career. When she was 7 years old, she partook in several forms of art, continuing into her adolescence. She sang in her church's choir and joined the drama club while in secondary school. Growing up, <mask> was fond of drawing and reading books. At age 10, she wrote a short story in her notebook and dreamt of being an author.After learning of Eminem, she began to write rap verses. <mask>'s love for words and rhyming pulled her deeper into the hip-hop genre. At age 16, <mask> found herself balancing school and business. With an ambition to make money and become independent, she started auditioning for acting and modeling roles. <mask> sold second-hand clothing in school as a means to an end. <mask> began her career as a photography model. She took pictures and auditioned for several jobs.She graduated with a degree in Computer

masks:
Eva Alordiah
Eva Alordiah
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva Alordiah
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva


texts:
 Science from Bowen University. In 2009, <mask> released "I Dey Play" as her first-ever studio recording. The song features Tha Suspect and was recorded over Lil Wayne's "A Milli" instrumental. <mask> was featured on "Make 'em Say", a song from one of Strbuttah's mixtapes. The music video for the song, released in January 2011, was created by Rcube of Strbuttah. <mask> made her TV debut in the music video. She later appeared on the female version of Tha Suspect's song "I No Send You".The video for "I No Send You" was released in March 2011. 2011–2013:The GIGO E.P

Eva started working on her debut EP, The GIGO E.P, as an independent artist. The EP is an acronym for Garbage in Garbage Out and was released on 20 November 2011. It comprises 9 songs and was released for free digital download. The EP was supported by four singles: "I Done Did It", "Down Low", "Garbage Out (Your Fada)", and "High". The EP's production was handled by Sossick, Tintin, and Gray Jon'z. "I Done Did it" was produced by Sossick and released as the EP's lead single.In a 2012 interview with Halley Bondy of MTV Iggy, <mask> said she was honored to have worked with the aforementioned producers. She also said she had fun recording the EP. <mask> released the second single "High" in 2012. The music video for the single was directed by Mex and released on 24 May 2012. It was uploaded onto YouTube at a total length of 4 minutes and 37 seconds. The video premiered on MTV Base in May 2012. When the video was released, many people misconstrued the meaning of the song and thought that it alluded to drug use.In the aforementioned interview with Bondy of MTV Iggy, <mask> said that the song is about overcoming the struggles and hardships of life. It was reported in May 2012 that <mask> signed a record deal with Da Trybe 2.0, a record label owned by record producer and recording artist eLDee. In November 2013, Ariya Today reported that <mask> was dropped from Trybe Records. According to the press release signed

masks: Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva


texts:
 by the management of the recording outfit, <mask>ja, <mask> denied reports about being signed to Trybe Records despite the press release statements from the label. After the Trybe Records saga in 2012, she took a break from the music scene and spent time reflecting on her craft. In February 2013, she worked with producer Sossick to release "Mercy", a song that was made available for download on her blogsite.The song was produced and co-written by the aforementioned producer. In December 2013, UK producer Drox featured her in the music video for "Mercy". He released several official remixes of the song, including a "Summer" mix and a "Jackin Storm" mix. In August 2013, <mask> signed a management deal with Radioactiiv. Also in August 2013, Nokia Nigeria enlisted her as one of the judges for its annual Don't Break Da Beat competition. 2014–present:1960 and other releases
On 29 July 2013, <mask> released the promotional single "Lights Out". The song was produced by Gray Jon'z.The music video for the song was directed by Patrick Elis. In an interview with the Leadership newspaper, <mask> said she recorded the song to showcase her versatility as an artist. Work on <mask>'s debut studio album started as early as 2012. The album is being produced by Tintin and Gray Jon'z. On 24 January 2014, <mask> released "Deaf" as the album's lead single. The song, which was produced by Gray Jon'z, premiered three months after the premiere of the "Lights Out" video. The music video for "Deaf" was shot and directed by Patrick Elis.The song has been remixed by rapper Boogey. <mask> stated in an interview that she loves creating visual content, and has successfully co-directed all of her music videos to date. To promote the single, <mask> organised a rap competition exclusively for girls. <mask> was featured in the Lagos edition of BBC Radio 1xtra's Live Lounge alongside M.I, 2face Idibia, Wizkid and Iyanya. As part of the feature, artists were asked to freestyle. <mask> collaborated with

masks: Evaai Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva Eva


texts:
 Burna Boy, Endia, Yung L, and Sarkodie on a song that was initially intended to be a theme song for the third season of MTV Base's Shuga. Instead of using the Chopstix-produced song, MTV Base chose Del B's "Sweet Like Shuga" track which features vocals from Flavour N'abania, Sound Sultan, Chidinma, Kcee and Professor.The unreleased theme song was leaked online and made available on NotJustOk. On 11 March 2014, she released her version of the unreleased theme song titled "Shuga". On 31 August 2014, Thisday newspaper reported that <mask> became an ambassador of Guinness Nigeria's Made of Black campaign alongside Olamide and Phyno. <mask> performed at the campaign's launch and was featured in the campaign's television commercial. On 25 September 2014, "War Coming" was released as the upcoming album's second single. The song was produced by Tintin and features guest vocals from Sir Dauda. On 6 November 2014, 1960 was announced as the title of <mask>'s debut studio album, which was slated for a January 2015 release.The album will feature guest collaborators such as Darey Art Alade, Femi Kuti, Yemi Alade, Olamide, Sarkodie and Sir Dauda. On 20 November 2014, <mask> released a self-titled second EP for free digital download. On 6 March 2015, <mask> premiered the music video for "War Coming", which was directed by MEX. On 1 March 2016, <mask> released her second mixtape titled Because You Been Waiting. It comprises 5 songs and features a sample of DMX's 2000 single "What These Bitches Want". Discography
Studio albums
1960: The Album (2016)

Mixtapes
<mask> (2014)
Because You Been Waiting (2016)

EPs
The GIGO E.P (2011)

Awards and nominations

Notes

References

External links
 <mask> at SoundCloud

1989 births
Nigerian women rappers
Living people
21st-century Nigerian musicians
Musicians from Abuja
Bowen University alumni
Nigerian cosmetics businesspeople
Nigerian make-up artists
Nigerian hip hop singers
Nigerian reggae singers
21st-century women musicians
Women hip hop

masks:
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva Alordiah


texts:
<mask> (March 19, 1929 – May 25, 2010) was a Polish-American composer. <mask> studied piano with Walter Knupfer and composition with Alexander Tcherepnin at DePaul University in Chicago, where he received both his Bachelor of Music degree (1950) and his Master of Music degree (1952) in Piano Performance. <mask> later taught at DePaul University, Loras College, and Roosevelt University, before settling in Tucson in the 1960s where he joined the faculty of the University of Arizona as a composer-in-residence and chairman of the composition department. He held both positions until his retirement in 1988. Among the more than fifty published compositions in his catalog, Sonata for flute and piano, Op. 14 (1961), Sonata for alto saxophone and piano (1970), and Time Pieces for clarinet and piano (1984) have entered the repertoire and remain frequently performed in recitals, as has much of his solo piano music. Works by Muczynski have also appeared with increasing frequency on programs in the U.S., Europe, the Far East, Australia and Mexico.Orchestral works have been performed by the Chicago Symphony, the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, the National Symphony Orchestra, D.C., the Tucson Symphony Orchestra, the Minnesota Orchestra and others abroad. Personal life
<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois, where he attended Steinmetz High School, and graduated in 1949. He then matriculated to DePaul University in the late 1940s, where he studied composition with Alexander Tcherepnin. At age 29 he made his Carnegie Hall debut, performing a program of his own compositions for

masks:
Robert Muczynski
Muczynski
Muczynski
Muczynski


texts:
 piano. He died in Tucson, Arizona, on May 25, 2010.

Notable works

Chamber music
Op. 4 Allegro Deciso for brass sextet and timpani (1952) SP
Fragments for flute, clarinet, and bassoon (1958) GS
Op. 11/1 Trumpet Trio (1959) GS
Op.11/2 Three Designs for Three Timpani (1960) GS
Fanfare for Brass and Percussion (1961)
Op. 16 Movements for wind quintet (1962) SP
Op. 26 Fantasy Trio for Clarinet, Violoncello and Piano (1969) TP
Op. 27 Voyage for trumpet, horn, and trombone (1969) GS
Op. 31 String Trio for violin, viola, and cello (1971–72) TP
Op. 34a Duos for two flutes (1973) GS
Op. 34b Duos for clarinet and flute (1973) GS
Op.45 Quintet for Winds (1985) TP

Works for unaccompanied instruments
Dedication Recessional for organ (1957)
Statements for percussion (1961) GS
Op. 18 Three Preludes for unaccompanied flute (1963) GS
Gallery, Suite for Unaccompanied Cello (1966) GS
Op. 32 Impromptus for Solo Tuba (1972) GS
Op. 42 Profiles for harpsichord (1982) HM

Publishers
1 GS G. Schirmer, Inc.
TP Theodore Presser Co.
SP Shawnee Press, Inc.
HM Hinshaw Music, Inc.
AMP Associated Music Publishers

Concertos
Op. 2 Divertimento (1951)
Op. 7 Piano Concerto No. 1 (1954) SP
Op.41 Concerto for Alto Saxophone and Chamber Orchestra (1981) TP

Solo piano
Op. 1 Sonatina (1949) AMP
Op. 3 Five Sketches (1952)
Op. 6 Six Preludes (1954) GS
Op. 8 Variations on a Theme of Tcherepnin (1955)
Op. 9 First Piano Sonata (1957) SP
Op. 13 Suite (1960) GS
Op.15 Toccata (1961) GS
Op. 19 A Summer Journal (1964) GS
Op. 21 Fables: Nine Pieces for the Young (1965) GS
Op. 22 Second Piano Sonata (1966)


texts:
 TP
Op. 23 Diversions: Nine Pieces for Students (1967) GS
Op. 30 Seven (1971) GS
Op. 35 Third Piano Sonata (1973–74) TP
Op.37 Maverick Pieces (1976) GS
Op. 40 Masks (1980) TP
Op. 44 Dream Cycle (1983) TP
Op. 48 Desperate Measures (Paganini Variations) (1994) TP

Orchestral music
Op. 5 Symphony No. 1 (1953)
Op. 10 Galena: A Town (Suite for orchestra) (1958)
Op.12 Dovetail Overture for orchestra (1960) GS
Op. 17 Dance Movements for orchestra (1962) GS
Op. 20 Symphonic Dialogues (1965) GS
Op. 28 Charade for orchestra (1971) GS
Second Symphony (1974)
Op. 38 Serenade for Summer for orchestra (1976) TP
Op. 39 Symphonic Memoir for orchestra (1979) TP

Film scores
The Great Unfenced (1963)
Yankee Painter: The Work of Winslow Homer (1963)
American Realists (1964)
Cajititlan (1965)
Charles Burchfield: This Art (1966)
The Clowns Never Laugh (1967)
Terra Sancta (1967)
Bellota: Story of Roundup (1969)
Journey Thru Eden (1975)

Choral music
Alleluia for chorus (1961), withdrawn
I Never Saw A Moor for chorus (1967), withdrawn
Op. 33 Synonyms for Life for chorus and piano (1973), GS

Works list by date of composition
Opus title, date of composition, and publisher:
Op.1 Sonatina for piano (1949) AMP
Op. 2 Divertimento for piano and orchestra (1951)
Op. 3 Five Sketches for piano (1952)
Op. 4 Allegro Deciso for brass sextet and timpani (1952) SP
American Songs for piano, 4 hands (1952) withdrawn
Op. 5 Symphony No. 1 (1953)
Op. 6 Six Preludes for piano (1954) GS
Op.7 Piano Concerto No. 1 (1954) SP
Op. 8 Variations on a Theme of Tcherepnin for piano (1955)
Op. 9 First Piano Sonata


texts:
 (1957) SP
Dedication Recessional for organ (1957)
Op. 10 Galena: A Town (Suite for orchestra) (1958)
Fragments for flute, clarinet, and bassoon (1958) GS
Op. 11/1 Trumpet Trio (1959) GS
Op. 11/2 Three Designs for Three Timpani (1960) GS
Op.12 Dovetail Overture for orchestra (1960) GS
Op. 13 Suite for piano (1960) GS
Op. 14 Sonata for Flute and Piano (1960) GS
Alleluia for chorus (1961) withdrawn
Statements for percussion (1961) GS
Fanfare for Brass and Percussion (1961)
Op. 15 Toccata for piano (1961) GS
Op. 16 Movements for wind quintet (1962) SP
Op. 17 Dance Movements for orchestra (1962) GS
Fuzzette, the Tarantula, for narrator, flute, alto saxophone, and piano (1962) TP
Op. 18 Three Preludes for unaccompanied flute (1963) GS
Score for the film The Great Unfenced (1963)
Score for the film Yankee Painter: The Work of Winslow Homer (1963)
Op.19 A Summer Journal for piano (1964) GS
Score for the film American Realists (1964)
Op. 20 Symphonic Dialogues (1965) GS
Score for the film Cajititlan (1965)
Op. 21 Fables: Nine Pieces for the Young for piano (1966) GS
Gallery, Suite for Unaccompanied Cello (1966) GS
Score for the film Charles Burchfield: This Art (1966)
Op. 22 Second Piano Sonata (1967) TP
Op. 23 Diversions: Nine Pieces for Students for piano (1967) GS
Op. 24 First Piano Trio (1967) TP
I Never Saw A Moor for chorus (1967) withdrawn
Score for the film The Clowns Never Laugh (1967)
Score for the film Terra Sancta (1967)
Op. 25 Sonata for Cello and Piano (1968) GS
Op.26 Fantasy Trio for clarinet, cello, and piano (1969) TP
Op. 27 Voyage for trumpet, horn,


texts:
 and trombone (1969) GS
Score for the film Bellota: Story of Roundup (1969)
Op. 28 Charade for orchestra (1971) GS
Op. 29 Sonata for Alto Saxophone and Piano (1971) GS
Op. 30 Seven for piano (1971) GS
Op. 31 String Trio for violin, viola, and cello (1971–72) TP
Op. 32 Impromptus for Solo Tuba (1972) GS
Op.33 Synonyms for Life for chorus and piano (1973) GS
Op. 34a Duos for two flutes (1973) GS
Op. 34b Duos for clarinet and flute (1973) GS
Op. 35 Third Piano Sonata (1973–74) TP
Second Symphony (1974)
Op. 36 Second Piano Trio (1975) TP
Score for the film Journey Thru Eden (1975)
Op. 37 Maverick Pieces for piano (1976) GS
Op. 38 Serenade for Summer for orchestra (1976) TP
Op.39 Symphonic Memoir for orchestra (1979) TP
Op. 40 Masks for piano (1980) TP
Op. 41 Concerto for Alto Saxophone and Chamber Orchestra (1981) TP
Op. 42 Profiles for harpsichord (1982) HM
Op. 43 Time Pieces for clarinet and piano (1983) TP
Op. 44 Dream Cycle for piano (1983) TP
Op. 45 Quintet for Winds (1985) TP
Op.46 Third Piano Trio (1986–87) TP
Op. 47 Moments for flute and piano (1993) TP
Op. 48 Desperate Measures (Paganini Variations) for piano (1994) TP

References

External links
<mask>'s page at Theodore Presser Company
Classical Composers Database Entry
Interview with <mask>ski, December, 1987
A Muczynski Retrospective by Walter Simmons, Fanfare, July/Aug 2001

1929 births
2010 deaths
American male classical composers
American classical composers
21st-century classical composers
DePaul University alumni
DePaul University faculty
21st-century American composers
21st-century American male

masks:
Robert Muczynski
Robert Muczyn


texts:
<mask> (born in Bünde on 18 October 1953) is a German politician, social pastor, and co-publisher. He was a member of the European Parliament from 2009 to 2014. Klute is married and has two children. Education and work experience
Klute studied Theology in Bielefeld and Marburg from 1974 to 1981 with a focus on peace pedagogy, liberation theology, material exegesis, and intercultural dialogue. Klute successfully completed his preparation to be a pastor while working in the congregation of Marburg-Ockershausen between 1982 and 1984. He was a research assistant at the Kurhessen Waldeck Lutheran Theological College, focusing on peace education and intercultural dialogue from 1982 to 1986. Klute was also a school pastor at the vocational school in Bad Berleburg 1984–1986.Klute participated in the project 'The World of Industrial Work and the Church' of Gladbeck-Bottrop-Dorsten Church District, Dorsten from 1986 to 1989. During the course of this project he worked for six months in the conditions of the underground shaft mines. Klute was chosen to be the Industry- and Social pastor and head of the social ministry in Herne parish in 1989. After the dissolution of the social ministry in Herne, Klute worked as a study supervisor for school ethics at the Bochum City Lutheran Academy from 2007 to 2009. Social and political engagement in the Ruhr region

He has been a co-publisher and member of the editorial team of the periodical AMOS - Kritische Blätter aus dem Ruhrgebiet since 1988. He was head of the social pastorate (church service in the world of work) of Herne Church District from 1989 to 2006, and treasurer and


texts:
 member of the board of the European Contact Group, the Ecumenical European Network of Church Service in the world of work, based in Prague from 2001 to 2006. Klute has also co-edited an array of books over social ethics, the relationship of religion to daily work environment, as well as books on current questions over social and job market policy.As social pastor in 1993, Klute belonged to the Herner Bündnis für Arbeit und soziale Gerechtigkeit (since 2004: „Herner Sozialforum“), serving as a spokesman until the end of 2004. During the 2005 election campaign in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Klute was the leading candidate of the WASG (Wahlalternative Arbeit und soziale Gerechtigkeit). In this first campaign after the group's founding in 2004, the party received 2.2% of the vote, immediately becoming the fifth strongest political party in the state. From 2006 to 2009, Klute was a consulting member in the Cultural Committee of the Regionalverbandes Ruhr (RVR). At the end of April 2006, Klute was chosen for the extended national association of the WASG, in which he remained until its dissolution on 15 June 2007. On the 16th of June he joined the newly established Die Linke party, the German Left, and was elected onto the board  from 2007 to 2009. EU representation

At the convention of Die Linke party in Essen, Klute was chosen to fill Place 6 on the party list, winning 85.9% of the votes.He later obtained 7.5% of the party votes in the European elections on 7 June 2009. Klute was a member and representative of the European Left group GUE/NGL on the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and was a substitute member of


texts:
 the Committee on Budgets. He was a member of the Delegation for Relations with the Mercosur Countries and was in the Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly. He also acted as a substitute member of the Delegation to the EU-Turkey Joint Parliamentary Committee. In 2010 and 2011 he was a member of the Special Committee for Policy Challenges, which prepared negotiations concerning the multi-annual financial framework for the EU period 2014–2020. Klute also contributed as a chief negotiator to formulate a directive through European Parliament to the Member States for an EU-wide establishment of the legal right to a checking account which will begin in 2016. In 2013, motivated by the increasingly anti-European policies of the European Left, Klute waived a renewed candidacy for a place on the party list at Die Linke Party convention in Hamburg.On 15 May 2014 for his commitment to the rights of small farmers in Colombia, Klute was awarded the Medal of Honor from the 'Contraloría y de la Contralora General de Colombia'. Publications
 Wolfgang Belitz, <mask> <mask>, Hans-Udo Schneider: Wohin driften die Kirchen? 10 Jahre Sozialwort. Eine ökumenische Zwischenbilanz. BoD Verlag, Norderstedt 2008. <mask> <mask>, Sandra Kotlenga (Hrsg. ): Sozial- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik nach Hartz.Fünf Jahre Hartz-Reformen: Bestandsaufnahmen - Analysen - Perspektiven. Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2008. <mask> <mask>, Herbert Schlender, Sabine Sinagowitz (Hrsg. ): Positionen zum Mindestlohn in der evangelischen Kirche. Eine Dokumentation. BoD Verlag, Norderstedt 2007. <mask> <mask>, Franz Segbers (Hrsg.): Gute Arbeit

masks: Jürgen Klute Jürgen Klute Jürgen Klute Jürgen Klute


texts:
 verlangt ihren gerechten Lohn. Tarifverträge für die Kirchen. VSA Verlag, Hamburg 2006. Wolfgang Belitz, <mask> <mask>, Hans-Udo Schneider: Menschen statt Märkte. Für eine Neuorientierung der Kirche im Dritten System. Lit Verlag, Münster 2006. <mask> <mask>, Hans-Udo Schneider (Hrsg.): Auf dem Weg der Gerechtigkeit ist Leben. Sozialethische Anmerkungen und Skizzen zur Sozialen Gerechtigkeit heute. Lit Verlag, Münster 2005. <mask> <mask>, Lioba Schulte, Spyros Papaspyrou (Hrsg. ): AGORA - Von der Kohle zum Amphitheater. Kleine Schritte in Richtung Europa. Lit Verlag, Münster 2004.<mask> <mask>, Herbert Schlender, Sabine Sinagowitz (Hrsg. ): Gute Arbeit / Good Work. Lit Verlag, Münster 2004. Axel Gerntke, <mask> <mask>, Axel Troost, Achim Trube (Hrsg. ): Hart(z) am Rande der Seriosität? Die Hartz-Kommission als neues Modell der Politikberatung und -gestaltung? Kommentare und Kritiken.Lit Verlag, Münster 2002. Wolfgang Belitz, <mask> <mask>, Hans-Udo Schneider: Zukunft der Arbeit in einem neuen Gesellschaftsvertrag. Lit Verlag, Münster 2001. References

External links

 DIE LINKE in the European Parliament
 Website of <mask> <mask> in the European Parliament

MEPs for Germany 2009–2014
1953 births
Living

masks: Jürgen Klute Jürgen Klute Jürgen Klute Jürgen Klute Jürgen Klute Jürgen Klute Jürgen Klute


texts:
<mask> (born by <mask> on 18th March, 1965) is an internationally recognized South African singer, songwriter, actress, entrepreneur, humanitarian and teacher. Dubbed the "Princess of Africa " (a name she received after a 1990 tour), <mask> has been at the forefront of South African popular music for 35 years and has been popular in Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Gabon, Sierra Leone and Ivory Coast. Songs like "I'm Burning Up", "Thank You Mr. DJ", "I Cry For Freedom", "Motherland" and the ever-popular "Umqombothi" ("African Beer") ensured <mask>'s stardom. The song "Umqombothi" was featured in the opening scene of the 2004 movie Hotel Rwanda. As a young performer <mask> was the first Black child to appear on South African television in 1981. Since then, she has shared the stage with persons such as Bono, Angélique Kidjo, Annie Lennox, Youssou N'Dour, the crossover group Appassionante, the classic rock band Queen and South Africans Johnny Clegg, Miriam Makeba and Hugh Masekela, to name a few. She has performed for Queen Elizabeth II, US President Bill Clinton, South African President Thabo Mbeki and a host of other world leaders.<mask> <mask> is a champion for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and malaria, the United Nations MDG Envoy for Africa, and the Goodwill Ambassador for the Roll Back Malaria Partnership. She was chosen by Nelson Mandela as the first ambassador for his children's fund, and has also established her own charity, the Princess of Africa Foundation, using the name first given to her in Uganda. The Princess of Africa Foundation is a partner of the ACTION global health advocacy partnership. In 2012, she was the first African woman to receive the World Economic Forum's Crystal Award. She teaches literacy part-time at the University of South Africa, sits on several boards of charitable organisations and NGOs, and serves on the board of the Johannesburg Tourism Company. Life and career
<mask> <mask>

masks:
Yvonne Chaka Chaka
Yvonne Machaka
Chaka Chaka
Chaka Chaka
Chaka Chaka
Chaka
Chaka
Chaka
Chaka


texts: was born in Dobsonville in Soweto. <mask> <mask> had it tough growing up.Her father died when she was 11 and her mother, a domestic worker, brought up three daughters on her meagre 40-rand-a-month salary. <mask> <mask> started singing at 19 in 1984 when Phil Hollis of Dephon Records discovered her in Johannesburg. Dubbed "the Princess of Africa", <mask> <mask> experienced a meteoric rise as a music star of infectious pop melodies and dance music during the height of apartheid. Her début album was called I'm in Love With a DJ. Songs like "I'm Burning Up", "I Cry for Freedom", "Sangoma", "Motherland" and the ever-popular "Umqombothi" immediately ensured <mask> <mask>'s status as a star on South Africa's mbaqanga music scene. Sangoma was released in 1987 on Mercury Records. Its track listing was Sangoma, Come a Little Bit Closer, Private Lover, Save Me, Stimela and I'm Gonna Stop Loving You.Releasing hit after hit, <mask> <mask>'s subsequent award-winning albums include Burning Up, Sangoma, Who's the Boss, Motherland, Be Proud to be African, Thank You Mr. DJ, Back on My Feet, Rhythm of Life, Who's Got the Power, Bombani (Tiko Rahini), Power of Afrika, Yvonne and Friends and Kwenzenjani. Throughout her illustrious career <mask> <mask> has met people like Nelson Mandela (singing at his 85th birthday party), the Queen and Oprah Winfrey. "Mama Africa", Miriam Makeba, said of her "She's my baby! "; Hugh Masekela adds that <mask> Chaka is "my mad niece". Legends Dolly Rathebe and Dorothy Masuka describe <mask> <mask>'s music as "something that all should listen to". When asked who she admired most, <mask> <mask> said,Of the numerous world leaders <mask> has met, she says her favourite is mentor and father figure, Nelson Mandela. He called her his "dear daughter"."Madiba", as he is affectionately known, recounted that it was <mask>'s music that helped sustain him and others while confined as prisoners on Robben

masks: Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Yvonne Yvonne


texts:
 Island. He said,

<mask> <mask> has four sons with her husband Tiny Mhinga,She has a degree and diploma from the University of South Africa, one in adult education, another in local government, management and administration. She also studied speech and drama at Trinity College, London, she graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1997. Entrepreneurship
<mask> <mask> has her own music label and her own production company, as well as owning a limousine company together with her husband, Dr Mandlalele (Tiny) Mhinga. Advocacy and humanitarianism
<mask> <mask> is a champion for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria, the United Nations MDG Envoy for Africa, and the Goodwill Ambassador for the Roll Back Malaria Partnership. <mask> <mask> is also a board member of Information Technology Companies, Human Resource Development and Sandown Motors. She became the face of First National Bank (FNB) in 2001 and in 2006, she founded her own charity called The Princess of Africa Foundation.The Princess of Africa Foundation is a partner of the ACTION global health advocacy partnership. In 2012, she was the first African woman to receive the World Economic Forum's Crystal Award. Recently, the launch of her documentary film, A Motherland Tour – A Journey of African Women, filmed over five years of travels around Africa, took her on a world tour to promote the grassroots successes of those engaged in the battle against HIV/AIDS, TB and malaria, supported by the Global Fund. <mask> <mask> also serves as Ambassador for Nelson Mandela's 46664 Campaign which raises global awareness of HIV/AIDS. She has also been ambassador to the University of South Africa (UNISA), City of Johannesburg Tourism, and South Africa's Mpumalanga Province Tourism. <mask> <mask> has taught literacy in South Africa's townships, promoted the rights of women and works to protect children everywhere, and she is a Trustee of Tomorrow Trust, which educates

masks: Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka Chaka


texts:
 orphans and vulnerable children. She served as an Honorary Colonel in the South African Air Force.In 2015 she signed an open letter which the ONE Campaign had been collecting signatures for; the letter was addressed to Angela Merkel and Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, urging them to focus on women as they serve as the head of the G7 in Germany and the AU in South Africa respectively, which will start to set the priorities in development funding before a main UN summit in September 2015 that will establish new development goals for the generation. She is part of the Ashinaga Kenjin-Tatsujin International Advisory Council, supporting orphaned students across Africa to access quality tertiary education. Discography
Albums
 I'm Burning Up (1986)
 Sangoma (1987)
 Thank You Mr. DJ (1987)
 I Cry For Freedom (1988)
 The Power of Afrika (1996)
 Back On My Feet (1997)
 Bombani (Tiko Rahina) (1997)
 Princess Of Africa: The Best of <mask>ka Chaka (1999)
 Yvonne and Friends (2000)
 Yvonne and Friends (2001)
 Kwenzenjani (2002)
 Princess of Africa, Vol. 2 (2002)
 Celebrate Life (2006)
Ndi Phendule

Compilations
 The Princess of Africa: The Best of <mask>ka Chaka (1995)
 The Princess of Africa: The Best of <mask>ka Chaka Vol. 2 (2002)

Contributing Artist
 Urban Africa: Jive Hits of the Townships (1990)
 The Rough Guide to the Music of South Africa (1998, World Music Network)
 The Winds of Change: Words and Music of a Free South Africa (2004)
 46664 - Part 2: Long Walk to Freedom (2004)
 Tales of African Folk: Southern Africa (2005)
 Hotel Rwanda - Motion Picture Soundtrack (2005)
 The Rough Guide to the Music of South Africa Vol. 2 (2006)
 Experience South Africa (2008)The Rough Guide to African Disco'' (2013, World Music Network)

External links

 https://twitter.com/yvonnechakax2?lang=en

References

1965 births
Living people
20th-century South African women singers
21st-century South African women singers
People from

masks:
Yvonne Cha
Yvonne Cha
Yvonne Cha


texts:
<mask> is an American documentary filmmaker and civil rights activist. She was Distinguished Visiting Lecturer of Africana Studies at Brown University. Early life
<mask> was born in Tarrytown, New York. She entered Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania in 1962 on a full scholarship. Activism
During <mask>'s freshman year at Swarthmore in 1962–1963, she joined the Swarthmore Political Action Committee (SPAC), a Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) affiliate. She graduated from Swarthmore in 1966. <mask> was an early participant with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) from 1963 to 1966, and Ella Baker was her mentor.In 1963, <mask> traveled by bus on weekends, with other Swarthmore SPAC volunteers, to assist the Cambridge, Maryland community in desegregating public accommodations. The Cambridge Movement was led by <mask> with assistance from SNCC field secretaries, including Baltimore native Reggie Robinson. In 1963 <mask> also joined a sit-in at a Toddle House in Atlanta organized by the SNCC there. <mask> eventually joined the SNCC staff at the national office in Atlanta, where she worked closely with, among others, James Forman, Ruby Doris Smith-Robinson, and Julian Bond. <mask> relocated to Mississippi during 1964 Freedom Summer after the SNCC national office moved there. She worked with SNCC during their effort that summer to register African American voters in Mississippi, joining Amzie Moore, Bob Moses, Curtis Hayes, and Hollis Watkins. <mask> also worked in SNCC's projects in Lowndes County, Alabama (with Stokely Carmichael/Kwame Ture and others) and in Southwest Georgia.<mask> became Julian Bond's office manager in 1965, during his successful first campaign for the Georgia House of Representatives. She also organized a northern Freedom School, bringing together young activists from SNCC's northern and southern projects. Drum and Spear Bookstore
In 1968, shortly after the assassination of Martin Luther

masks:
Judy Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Gloria Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson
Richardson


texts:
 King Jr., <mask> and other former SNCC staffers founded Drum and Spear Bookstore in Washington, D.C. It became the largest Black bookstore in the country, with <mask> as the children's editor of Drum and Spear Press. <mask> said about the bookstore's name that the drum symbolized "communications within the diaspora" while the spear suggested "whatever else might be necessary for the liberation of the people." In 1970, Howard University's Journal of Negro Education published <mask>'s essay on racism in Black children's books. Later years
<mask> attended Columbia University and received her degree from Antioch College in General Studies.In 2012, <mask> received an honorary degree from Swarthmore and spoke at the 2012 commencement ceremony. In 2019, <mask> was the keynote speaker for National History Day. In September 2020 she was featured on the USA Today Storytellers Project Live. <mask> serves on the board of directors of the SNCC Legacy Project, which preserves records of Black activism past and present. Films and publications

Starting in the late 1970s, <mask> became an early researcher, series associate producer, and content advisor for the series Eyes on the Prize, which Henry Hampton executive produced through his company Blackside. Eyes on the Prize was a 14-hour documentary series on the history of the American civil rights movement, broadcast on PBS in 1987 and 1990. The series was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 1988.<mask> later co-produced Blackside's 1994 Emmy and Peabody Award-winning documentary, Malcolm X: Make It Plain (for PBS's The American Experience). Serving as a senior producer for Northern Light Productions in Boston, <mask> produced historical documentaries for broadcast and museums, with a focus on African American historical events, including: a one-hour documentary called Scarred Justice: Orangeburg Massacre 1968 (South Carolina) for PBS; two History Channel

masks: Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson Richardson


texts:
 documentaries on slavery and slave resistance; and installations for, among others, the National Park Service's Little Rock Nine Visitor's Center, the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center, the New York State Historical Society's "Slavery in New York" exhibit, and the Paul Laurence Dunbar House. <mask> co-edited Hands on the Freedom Plow: Personal Accounts By Women in SNCC published by University of Illinois Press. The book won the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work, Nonfiction in 2011. External links
 <mask> Personal Papers, 1979-2010 at Washington University Libraries. Hands on the Freedom Plow: Personal Accounts By Women in SNCC published by University of Illinois Press. Zinn Education Project profile of <mask>
 SNCC Digital Gateway: <mask>, Documentary website created by the SNCC Legacy Project and Duke University, telling the story of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee & grassroots organizing from the inside-out.<mask> interview for Swarthmore Libraries Student Activism: Civil Rights, 1960 – 1966 oral history project, December 6, 2017. Since 1968: The Drum & Spear Bookstore  Library of Congress documentary, September 24, 2018. Beyond MLK: Teaching The Civil Rights Movement On January 21, 2019, <mask> was among those interviewed by Kojo Nnamdi on WAMU about teaching and studying the civil rights movement. <mask> shares a personal story for "Uprisings: Stories of the work of civil rights" <mask> tells the story of when she was 20-years-old and escaped from a white mob in 1964 Freedom Summer, among other stories of her experiences in SNCC. On USA Today Storytellers Live Project, September 24, 2020. References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from Tarrytown, New York
Swarthmore College alumni
American democracy activists
Civil rights movement
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
Activists for African-American civil rights
Brown University faculty
American

masks:
Richardson
Judy Richardson
Judy Richardson
Judy Richardson
Judy Richardson
Judy Richardson
Judy Richardson
Judy Richardson


texts:
<mask> (; born 12 October 1983) is an Australian former professional footballer who was the captain of A-League club Sydney FC. He played primarily as a striker but played predominantly as a midfielder in central midfield during his time in Japan. Club career
<mask> was born in Sydney, Australia, to Uruguayan parents, who migrated to Australia in the 70s. In 2001 <mask>, aged 18, began his career playing for Marconi Stallions in the now defunct National Soccer League. In three seasons at the club he made over 50 appearances and was considered one of Australia's best prospects having been voted NSL Under-21 Player of the Year for consecutive seasons in 2003 and 2004. His form at club and international level attracted international attention, and after the conclusion of the 03-04 NSL season <mask> signed for Dutch club Feyenoord Rotterdam. He was immediately loaned out to Belgian club Westerlo where he struggled due to an ankle injury, making only sixteen appearances and scoring two goals.Brisbane Roar
With the creation of the new A-League <mask> returned to Australia, signing for Brisbane Roar. <mask>, along with his team, struggled in front of goal for much of the 2005–06 season (at one point Brisbane led the league in total shots but was second last in goals scored) before scoring four times in the last three games of the season to nearly take his team to the A-League semi finals. <mask> won the inaugural Reebok Golden Boot along with Stewart Petrie, Archie Thompson and Bobby Despotovski with 8 goals. Sydney FC

On 11 February 2006 <mask> announced his move to then champions Sydney FC. He joined the club for the A-League 2006-07 season on a three-year contract. <mask> played his first game for Sydney against his former club Queensland Roar in the Pre-season cup on 15 July 2006, setting up the first goal before scoring the match-winner in Sydney's 2–1 victory. He scored his first A-League goal for Sydney FC against Perth Glory in

masks:
Alex Jason Brosque
Brosque
Brosque
Brosque
Brosque
Brosque
Brosque
Alex Brosque
Brosque


texts: round 17.<mask> scored in the 1–1 draw that got Sydney FC into the 2006–2007 finals series against his old club the Roar which knocked them out in the process. After a disappointing first year at Sydney FC, <mask> discovered some of his best form and was the leading goal scorer for Sydney FC with 8 in the regular season. He scored two crucial braces against Perth Glory and Central Coast Mariners which gained Sydney some valuable points during the season. His partnership with Juninho Paulista was evident during the season, with 5 of his goals coming from the Brazilian's killer passes. <mask> also scored 2 of the 5 goals scored by Sydney against Los Angeles Galaxy at Telstra Stadium in November 2007. At the end of the 2007/2008 season he became Sydney's highest goalscorer, with 11 goals (including the games against Los Angeles Galaxy) for the season. <mask> continued to be a regular for Sydney FC entering into his third season with the club.He scored his first goal of the 08/09 season in Sydney's 5–2 demolition of Perth Glory, taking his tally to 13 – making him Sydney's 2nd highest goalscorer behind former captain Steve Corica on 15. He scored his next goal a fortnight later against Adelaide United in Sydney's 3–0 win, taking him to within a goal of being Sydney's highest goalscorer. <mask> led the Hyundai A-League with 7 assists in the 08/09 season. <mask> started the 09/10 season impressively forming a strong partnership with Mark Bridge in the forward line. These performances saw <mask> rewarded with a recall to the Socceroos for the first time in over four years. On 22 July 2010, <mask> signed a three-year contract extension with Sydney FC, keeping him at the club until the end of the 2013–14 season. <mask> was capped in his 100th game for Sydney FC during the Round 14 game against Perth Glory at Parramatta Stadium.Sydney would go on to win 2–0, with <mask> scoring his 29th goal to seal the victory for the Sky Blues. Shimizu S-Pulse

masks: Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque


texts:
On 31 January 2011, Sydney FC agreed to release Brosque for $400,000 to join Shimizu S-Pulse, however Sydney FC vice chairman Scott Barlow announced Sydney was considering its options as to filing a complaint with FIFA, for the club believed Shimizu S-Pulse approached <mask> without the club's permission. <mask> made his debut for his new club on 5 March 2011, playing a full game in the 3–0 loss to Kashiwa Reysol, the club's first match of the 2011 J-league Season <mask> scored his first goal for the club on 7 May 2011, scoring in the 18th minute to help his side claim a one-all draw against Nagoya Grampus. Al Ain FC
On 26 September 2012, <mask> joined UAE Pro-League side Al Ain on a two-year contract. He made 39 appearances for the Emirates side and scored 14 goals. Return to Sydney FC
On 26 June 2014, <mask> rejoined his former club Sydney FC on a two-year contract, after being released from Al Ain. On 8 October 2014, <mask> was announced as the captain of Sydney FC for the 2014–15 A-League season, alongside vice-captains Saša Ognenovski and Nikola Petković.On 18 October 2014, <mask> played in his first Sydney Derby and scored the winning goal in the 79th minute. <mask> reached double digits for the first time in his career during the 2016/17 season, scoring the opener against Melbourne City in a comprehensive 3–0 win. <mask> captained his side to the A-League double – winning both the regular season premiership and the A-League grand final. The premiership was won with four games to go, as the Sky Blues broke records and were heralded one of the A-League's greatest ever teams. <mask> made his 200th appearance for Sydney FC in all competitions in the 2017 A-League Grand Final, which Sydney won 4–2 on penalties against Melbourne Victory. On 14 September 2017, <mask> scored his first goal of the 2017–18 season, in a 2–0 win against Melbourne City in the 2017 FFA Cup. His first league goal came in Round 10 against Western Sydney

masks: Brosque Alex Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque


texts:
 Wanderers in a 5–0 drubbing from the Sky Blues.The game was also a milestone match for the captain, equalling club legend Terry McFlynn's appearances stat in all competitions – 214. This record was eventually broken the following round in a 3–1 win against Melbourne City, scoring the third goal of the match to top off the win. <mask> scored his first hat-trick of the A-League era against Central Coast Mariners in a 5-2 win on 4 January 2019. He announced his retirement would be at the end of the 2018–19 A-League season. International career
<mask> represented Australia at the 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship where they reached the second round. In 2004, <mask> made his senior international debut for Australia against Fiji in the OFC Nations Cup, where he made three appearances. Later in that year he also helped Australia reach the quarter finals at the 2004 Olympics.On 9 November 2009, <mask> was called up to the senior national team as an injury replacement for Joshua Kennedy. It was his first call up for over 3 years. On 9 October, <mask> came off the bench in the 90th minute to replace Richard Garcia in the friendly match against Paraguay. On 15 December 2010, <mask> was selected in the preliminary 50-man squad for the 2011 Asian Cup in January. Many people believed that he would be selected in the final 23-man squad, after Joshua Kennedy and Archie Thompson were both injured, but <mask> was then ruled out with an injury himself, costing him a chance to represent Australia for the first time in an international competition. On 2 September 2011, <mask> scored the winner in the 86th minute in Australia's 2–1 win over Thailand for the 2014 World Cup Qualifiers. A month later, on 7 October, <mask> scored a double in Australia's 5–0 win over Malaysia in a friendly match in Canberra.In Australia's 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Saudi Arabia, Brosque scored another brace to help Australia win 4–2. International goals
Scores and

masks: Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque Brosque


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 results list Australia's goal tally first. Career statistics

Club

1 – includes Pre-Season Cup (2005–2008) and the Pan-Pacific Championship (2008) statistics

Honours

Club
Sydney
 A-League Premiership: 2009–10, 2016–17, 2017–18
 A-League Championship: 2009–10, 2016–17, 2018–19
FFA Cup: 2017

Al Ain
 UAE Pro League: 2012–13
 UAE President's Cup: 2013–14

International
Australia
 OFC Nations Cup: 2004
 OFC U-20 Championship: 2002

Individual
 National Soccer League Under-21 Player of the Season: 2002–03, 2003–04
 A-League Golden Boot: 2005–06
 Sydney FC Player of the Season: 2007–08, 2008–09, 2009–10
 PFA A-League Team of the Season: 2009–10, 2016–17
 Sydney FC Hall of Fame: 2019

Records
 All-time top scorer of Sydney FC
 * All-time most capped of Sydney FC

References

External links

 OzFootball profile
 Sydney FC profile
 FFA – Socceroo profile

1983 births
Living people
Soccer players from Sydney
Australia international soccer players
Olympic soccer players of Australia
Marconi Stallions FC players
Feyenoord players
K.V.C. Westerlo players
Brisbane Roar FC players
Sydney FC players
Shimizu S-Pulse players
Al Ain FC players
A-League Men players
Belgian First Division A players
J1 League players
Australian expatriate soccer players
Australian expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands
Australian expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Expatriate footballers in Belgium
Expatriate footballers in Japan
Australian expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates
Expatriate footballers in the United Arab Emirates
National Soccer League (Australia) players
Australian Institute of Sport soccer players
Australian people of Uruguayan descent
Australian expatriate sportspeople in Japan
Association football forwards
UAE Pro League players
Marquee players (A-League Men)
Australian soccer players
People educated at Westfields Sports High School
2004 OFC Nations Cup players
Footballers at the 2004


texts:
<mask> is the director of, and Senior Scientist for, the Learning and Research Development Center at the University of Pittsburgh. His research is centered on the cognitive science of language and reading processes, including but not limited to lower- and higher-level lexical and syntactic processes and the nature of reading proficiency. He conducts cognitive behavioral studies involving ERP, fMRI and MEG imaging techniques. His goal is to develop a richer understanding of how language is processed in the brain. Chinese and English word identification
<mask> focuses on recognizing specific components of reading which are generalized across cultures. In doing so he compares the word recognition processes of Chinese and writing. <mask>'s studies which are concerned with learning across writing systems, involve neuroimaging such as fMRI and ERP.In his research titled Sentence integration processes: An ERP study of Chinese sentence comprehension with relative clauses, <mask> analyzed comprehension of various types of Chinese relative clauses to find out generalization and linguistic specificity of how sentence comprehension is processed. The idea of the study is based on the fact that object-extracted clauses increase in memory load which is why subject-extracted clauses are easier to comprehend. The fact that Chinese speakers lack grammatical relationships between arguments raises questions whether if the process of remembering a words context overshadows the extraction of clausal relationships. The English language is the opposite because sentences which are processed are structure-dependent. This experiment was performed on twenty-one graduates from the University of Pittsburgh who were native Chinese speakers. Participants had to perform a written sentence task where they would read a sentence that interrupted the approved continuation with a relative clause. The

masks:
Charles Perfetti
Charles Perfetti
Perfetti
Perfetti


texts: results of what was called the norming study revealed that approval of subject verb-object continuations were high both subject extracted and object extracted clauses.Participants read experimental sentences that contain one of the two types of relative clauses. One version of experimental sentences was read within a session and the other version was read between five and ten minutes later. An electroencephalogram recording was collected for each participant who read a sentence in Chinese. The results reveal that structure and meaning processes of Chinese reading and the process of different kinds of information are parallel to other languages. The ERP results conclude that sense and thought processes are generalized across languages. Event related potential readings shows that various types of information are available to be quickly accessed for comprehension. Posterior regions of the brain support word to referent processing while anterior regions provide thinking and memory processes to build on references.The process of processing information depends on continuous support of memory devices to identify limited relations as it hold onto information being referenced. <mask>’s finding conclude overall that Chinese sentence reading uses a neurological system that is susceptible to the hierarchical and sequential organization of linguistic judgment, reflecting the generalization of English. For additional support on his research of comparing English and Chinese writing styles, Perfetti published an article called Writing Affects the Brain Network of Reading in Chinese: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. In this study, Perfetti tested the hypothesis that the brain components used for reading characters are facilitated by writing Chinese characters. In this study, students from a Chinese class were placed into two conditions where they learned 30 Chinese


texts: characters in one condition and pinyin-writing in the other. The participants were 17 Carnegie Mellon undergraduates who had Functional Magnetic resonance imaging was administered on them while they completed a passive viewing and lexical decision. In the passive viewing condition, the participants viewed a stimulus that appeared on a computer screen for over 4 minutes.The stimulus consisted of 30 Chinese characters, 30 pinyin-writing characters, 30 novel characters, 30 English words. In the lexical decision task, participants had to figure out whether the stimulus was a real Chinese character or not and lasted for over 5 minutes. The result concerning their behavioral performance during training revealed how decision times and lexical decision accuracy improved over the time span of  5 days for the character writing and pinyin-writing conditions. Results also revealed brain activation patterns for the passive viewing and lexical decision tasks. For passive viewing, there was greater activation for Chinese characters than for English words. The activation was found in the left inferior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, bilateral precuneus, bilateral superior parietal lobules, bilateral middle occipital gyri, and bilateral fusiform gyri. Perfetti also found greater activation for viewing English words than for viewing Chinese characters which was detected in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral superior temporal gyri.The results indicated that passive viewing impacted differences in language and general effects of learning, but none for specific effects of the training condition. For the lexical decision task, greater activation was found in the character-writing condition more than the pinyin-writing condition. The areas of the brain that were activated are the bilateral superior parietal lobules and the inferior parietal and postcentral gyrus.


texts:
 The results suggest that the identifying of learned characters in the character-writing training condition promoted activation of components used for the previous training exercise before. When activation was greater in the character-writing condition for the pinyin-writing condition than the character-writing condition, it existed in the right inferior frontal gyrus. There was also activation found in the bilateral middle occipital gyri, precuneus, and left temporal gyrus for learned characters than novel characters. Overall, the results reveal that greater activation was detected in the bilateral lobules, bilateral middle occipital gyri, bilateral fusiform gyri, and left dorsal inferior frontal gyrus for Chinese characters than for analyzing English words.However, greater activation was found in the ventral left inferior frontal gyrus and left superior posterior temporal gyrus for analyzing English words rather than Chinese characters. This suggests that English speakers are able to account for specific features of the visual form shown for Chinese characters and mapping from visual form to pronunciation and meaning. This demonstrated by revealing greater activation for (BA 9). Character writing influences components not used for native languages at the visual and mapping form. Writing however, improves the quality of visual-orthographic representation, revealing increase activation for bilateral lingual gyri and bilateral superior parietal lobules. Lexical Quality
In exploring the Lexical Quality Hypothesis <mask> focuses on analyzing the brain’s fundamentals of being able to read. In Reading Ability: Lexical Quality to comprehension, Perfetti states, that differences in characteristics of word comprehension impacts reading ability and comprehension.High-lexical qualities partly involve the spelling of a word as well as the manipulation of meaning about a


texts: word which allows meaning retrieval at a rapid pace. However, low quality representations of a word promote word-related difficulties in comprehension of a text. His first set of results reveals that comprehension depends on lexical skill and describes the disconnections that focus specifically on comprehension skills. As for word linguistic processing, studies reveal skill difference are found in through the analysis of confusing word meanings. The Event Related Potentials performed on rare vocabulary meaning unveil how skilled readers acquire words better and reveal stronger ERP indications of word learning. In addition, these results propose that there are skill differences in understanding the orthographic representation of a word. ERP results also show that there are skill differences in comprehending and processing of ordinary words.Finally, they demonstrate problems for low-skilled readers with interpreting words with prior text. In doing so, <mask> provides findings that suggest word-knowledge impacts the processing of word meaning and comprehension. His findings also focus on the importance of lexical Representations and how it facilitates differences in individuals who perform comprehension task. In his article Learning words in Zekish: Implications for understanding Lexical Representation, He describes their studies of phonology, orthography and comprehension. For phonology his research considers the sounds that exist in language and how they collaborate to form other words. When discussing orthography the spelling of words and how a language can facilitate the spelling of words. When analyzing comprehension, he considers lexical knowledge that is placed into a system which can provide and maintain what is represented in a text being read.Perfetti argues that words have a purpose that serve as a baseline acquiring reading skill and are important for


texts: understanding the components of a word that affect the knowledge of a word. In addition, he proposes that writing words within a text determines the rate at which a word is encountered. Therefore, each individuals reading experience is adjusted to the rate at which words are written into a context of words personally encountered words. In discussing how lexical quality is acquired, Perfetti proposes that aspects of experiencing language can facilitate higher or lower lexical quality for word representations. This research reveals that higher lexical quality representations can support better comprehension of text. To provide evidence of this, Perfetti analyzes three types of lower lexical quality words and what they contribute to the processing of text. The types of words consist of homographs, ambiguous words and homophones.Homographs are words that have the same spelling but two different meanings in a language, depending on how they are pronounced. For example the word bass can be pronounced one way to mean fish or another way to represent a musical instrument. When words like this are presented to a reader, no specific lexical item is activated. Instead, two lexical items activated through semantic judgment and lexical decision while naming the word. Ambiguous words consist of the same spelling but have two or more meanings. For example the word spring can mean a season or metal coil. When ambiguous words are read, there is an activation of both meanings.Meanings for this word can mainly be acquired through the extent of bias found in the context of which the word appears word structure and the rate at which each meaning is utilized. Homophones are words that consist of two different spellings and meanings. They pose a problem for lexical quality because there is activation for both meanings and both spellings. For example air describes the atmosphere while


texts:
 heir describes inheritance. However, the process of disambiguate homophones differs from the process used for ambiguous words because the spelling of homophones allows a reader to disambiguate on their own. For several semesters, Perfetti tested 800 psychology students over the course of several semesters. The students were given reading task to assess their levels of spelling, word sounding and comprehension skills.His claim was that the rate at which words are experienced and reading skill administers a readers experience with words. He found out that by making sure participants knew both meanings of homophone pairs, achievement of skilled and less skilled readers could be assessed. Furthermore, educating participants on lower exposed members of homophones can reverse the confusion of comprehension to the point that they become higher frequency words. Learning New Words
<mask> published an article titled word Learning: An ERP investigation of word experience effects on recognition and word processing to assess the quality learning new words. In this study, adults with various levels of reading comprehension skills learned rare unknown English words. 500 college undergrads were divided into three conditions in which they learned words that were manipulated. In the first condition (orthography-to-meaning), participants had to learn the spelling and meaning of a word.Participants in the second condition (orthography-to-phonology) had to learn both the pronunciation and spelling of the word. For the third condition (phonology-to-meaning), these participants had to learn not only the meaning of the word, but its pronunciation as well. In the experiment, each of these conditions were followed by a learning phase that which would then assess the familiarity of the learned words. The results showed faster reaction times for learned and familiar words than that of


texts:
 unlearned and rare words while the response times for correct decisions were faster than incorrect decisions. There was a significant main effect for word type, but not for word type x relatedness. This kind of word type revealed how learners were faster at responding to related trials in the orthography-to-meaning and phonology trials. The interaction for word type x correctness revealed a difference in decision times.This was found in the orthography-to-meaning and phonology-to-meaning conditions for familiar words. The results conclude that reinforcing the words orthography might help readers recognize a word in future encounters which will influence the process of incremental learning. Text Comprehension
In his article titled Writing Strengthens Orthography and Alphabetic-Coding Strengthens Phonology in Learning to Read Chinese, <mask> studies the word based inference processes of text comprehension. He argues that learning how to write words may improve orthographic representations and support word-specific identification processes. The rule relates to Chinese language where the writing system promotes character-specific identification depending on accuracy representation of how a word is spelled. This experiment consisted of two studies that tested the hypothesis by analyzing learners of the Chinese language. The participants consisted of 67 Carnegie Mellon undergrad students.In the first experiment, a total of 54 traditional Chinese characters were selected to be use. The characters would be placed into three groups matched by their spelling, stroke number, number of radicals, and English-transition rate. In the first group characters were presented in the condition for read-only and handwriting for the second group. For the third group, nothing was taught, just used for novel control stimuli. 36 characters were taught over a three days period while


texts:
 visual and audio files of the characters were administrated by a server. Due to the fact that participants were learners and not readers of Chinese, there was an expectation of lexical decision being the influence of learning. The results reveal a constant learning effect in the handwriting condition more than the reading condition.The handwriting effects consisted of retrieval for English meaning. These results indicate performances in the writing condition were continuously better than the reading condition. The interpretation of this higher quality form when they are taught with handwriting. In experiment two, participants had to type in Pinyin and tone associated with character. Not only were they given three attempts but only correct or incorrect feedback was given in response. In both of the learning conditions, participants were told to match the link of each character with its meaning and pronunciation. The results revealed a consistent effect for handwriting.The writing+ writing condition performed better on orthographic memory mapping task overall conclusion is that character writing as part of learning to read supports character reading. Learning a second language
<mask> and colleagues conducted a study called High Proficiency in a second Language is characterized by Greater Involvement of the First Language Network: Evidence from Chinese Learners of English to examine the processes of learning a second language. The first thing he does is talk about the assimilation and accommodation hypothesis that involve the process of learning a second language. The assimilation hypothesis argues that second language is learned through the brains access of networks used to process the native language. Accommodation hypothesis argues that learning of a second language depends on brain structures not involve in process of the native language. Two test these


texts:
 hypothesis, Perfetti and colleagues examined a group of Chinese speakers who happened to be late learners with various levels of proficiency in English. The experiment was divided into 3 groups.The (ce group), (cc group) and (ee group) consisted of Chinese speaking participants who performed an English word rhyming judgment task while fMRI was performed. Assimilation was analyzed by comparing the cc group to the ce group while accommodation was analyzed by comparing the (ee group). The study involved participants deciding whether two symbol patterns presented in sequence match or mismatched. Rhyming was seen as the same rhyme for the second character of the word while orthography was defined as having the same phonetic radical for the second character of the word. Results for accuracy revealed a significant main effect for group as the ce group revealed lower accuracy than the cc and ee groups. In addition, more comparisons revealed that ee groups had faster response times than the ce group and cc group. However, the ce group and the cc group did not differ significantly.There was a similar activation of all groups found in left hemisphere components such as inferior/middle occipital gyri, inferior temporal/fusiform gyri, inferior/middle frontal gyri, and inferior parietal lobule. In the right hemisphere of the brain, activation was shown in the middle occipital gyrus, inferior Parietal lobules and middle frontal gyri. The findings concluded that Chinese components used to process the reading of English and Higher proficiency with increased involvement of Chinese component and reduced association of English components. These findings suggest that English involves assimilation of Chinese speakers who learn to speak English. References

Living people
Cognitive psychologists
Psycholinguists
University of Illinois alumni
University of Michigan alumni
Year of birth


texts:
<mask> "<mask>" <mask> (11 July 1959 – 7 November 2005) known as 'Gadget Man', 'Mr Diamonique', 'Whatters' and 'Mr Zhuzh! ', was a British theatre actor, consumer expert, journalist, and television presenter. Early career
Whatley spent seven years acting in London's West End Theatre. He soon later Britain's first male grooming expert with his own male grooming page in She Magazine. This progressed to include, style, grooming and Agony Uncle on the initial team of FHM and opened the door to BBC Pebble Mill. Then followed 12 years for Whatley as resident consumer reporter with Richard and Judy (Richard Madeley and Judy Finnigan) on ITV's daytime show This Morning, discussing consumer issues and presenting numerous gadgets. QVC
In 1993, <mask> joined QVC along with fellow British television presenters Paul Lavers, and Julia Roberts prior to 'the UK's first shopping channel' launching on 1 October of that year.His presenting style on QVC was regarded as 'camp' and humorous. He is most remembered for the "Diamonique" jewellery shows he presented, later gaining the nickname 'Mr Diamonique'. Behind the camera, Whatley was serious about the products he sold and the shows he presented. This 'perfectionism' sometimes led to disagreements with production staff about the best way to sell the item. In September 1997, after 4 years working at the channel, <mask> left QVC after what was seen as an excessive discussion of Diana, Princess of Wales in his presenting of a "Today's Special Value" item of jewellery the day before her funeral. The "Today's Special Value" item closely resembled Diana, Princess of Wales' diamond and sapphire engagement ring. QVC had ordered there to be no mention of Diana, Princess of Wales in relation to the ring, but Whatley decided otherwise and described the ring as "a fine tribute to a loved princess".There had also been a 'flare-up' of issues regarding his relationship with other members of staff in the months leading up to <mask>'s departure from the channel. A return to

masks:
Steven Rae
Steve
Whatley
Steve Whatley
Whatley
Whatley


texts:
 earlier projects
From late 1997, <mask> appeared in various pantomime productions and plays. He also returned to presenting consumer slots on ITV's This Morning, and up until 2000, featured numerous times on BBC's Watchdog, Anglia TV's Home Malone, Granada Sky's The DIY Show and on the popular Five programme Open House with Gloria Hunniford. Ideal World
In 2000, <mask> joined Ideal World, a shopping channel owned by Ideal Direct Shopping Plc, with Debbie Flint and Paul Lavers, whom he had previously worked with at QVC. The channel launched on 17 April 2000, and has since been a major rival of QVC. Whatley also presented "Disney Memorabilia" programmes and was a fan and collector of Mickey Mouse memorabilia himself. Whatley owned three Weimaraner dogs and they were often seen on his shows 'consumer testing' various pet products.The youngest of the three dogs was named Delia after he had asked the Ideal World audience to send name suggestions into the channel. The name "Delia" is an anagram of the word "ideal". His eldest dog Harry mainly 'co-presented' on "Magnet Therapy" shows and his third dog Oscar was seen numerous times. On 6 March 2001, the Ideal World premises, including the studios and warehouse, were devastated by an unexplained fire. Despite this, Whatley continued to work at Ideal World and helped to re-build the channel. Ideal World began broadcasting again in the autumn of 2001, after several months off the air. Until the new studios and warehouse were completed, <mask> and the team of presenters and production staff worked in temporary studios constructed out of prefabricated units that were erected on the Newark Road, Fengate site.<mask> constantly had arguments with the technical and production crew at Ideal World. His way of presenting was very different to how others presented. He always thought he was right. On Christmas Eve 2004, after 4 years at Ideal World, Whatley left the channel to pursue other projects. These included helping to launch Harrods TV and plans to

masks:
Steve Whatley
Steve Whatley
Whatley
Steve Whatley


texts:
 return to his theatre work. Indecent assault charges

On 18 December 2002, whilst still working at Ideal World, <mask> appeared at Peterborough Magistrates' Court, charged with indecently assaulting a fellow employee four times over a 17-month period during 2000 and 2001. He was accused of groping a female employee three times and once licking her face.He pleaded "not guilty" to all four counts of indecent assault. The case was adjourned to Peterborough Crown Court until 3 February 2003, and Whatley was granted bail. On 11 July 2003, after a four-day trial, the jurors unanimously cleared Whatley of three charges of indecent assault, but were unable to reach a decision on the fourth 'face licking' charge. The Crown Prosecution Service had a week to decide if it would seek a retrial on the remaining charge, but no further action was taken as it was known that Whatley licked the faces of many of his co-workers as part of a joke amongst Ideal World staff. "<mask>ley's Zhuzh!" <mask> later created and founded the "<mask>'s Zhuzh!" brand of tanning products and appeared numerous times on Ideal World as a guest seller.He also continued to write blogs, answering questions about "Zhuzh!" on the "Zhuzh!" website late into 2005. Death
<mask> died on 7 November 2005, aged 46. An inquest into his death held at Hatfield, Hertfordshire in January 2006, ruled that <mask> had died by suicide by inhaling fumes whilst ill with depression following the breakdown of his marriage five months earlier. References

External links
Zhuzh! (www.zhuzh.com)
VIDEO: <mask> (wearing a blue suit and yellow and blue striped tie) during Ideal World's Launch Night (www.shoppingtelly.com)
"Interview with <mask>" published 8 June 2005 (www.shoppingtelly.com)
VIDEO: Ken Oschipok and Ellis Ward announce the death of <mask> on Ideal World (www.shoppingtelly.com)
"<mask>ley 1959-2005" published 11 November 2005 (www.shoppingtelly.com)

1959 births
2005 deaths
People acquitted of sex crimes
Suicides in England
QVC people
2005

masks:
Steve Whatley
Steve What
Steve Whatley
Steve Whatley
Steve Whatley
Steve Whatley
Steve Whatley
Steve Whatley
Steve Whatley
Steve What


texts:
<mask> (23 October 1772 - 11 May 1845) was a German writer, journalist and physician. Life

Family provenance
<mask> was born in Mitau, a prosperous midsized town in Courland (modern day Latvia) which at that time was an increasingly semi-detached territory in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. His father,  (1733-1816) was a physician: his mother, born Henriette Marie Wirth (1744–1807), was the daughter of another physician. Early years
He attended school in Mitau before moving on, in 1790, to start his university-level education, under the sponsorship of <mask>, at Mitau's Academia Petrina where he studied theology. In Autumn 1791 he moved on to Jena where, having enrolled to pursue his study of theology, in 1792, he switched to Medicine. One of his fellow medical students at Jena, who became a friend, was David Veit. There were also early literary efforts at this stage which involved the poet Sophie Mereau.From Jena he moved on to Würzburg and Göttingen where he found time to start work on a novel entitled "Die Wanderungen und Schicksale des Paters Abilgärd" ("The wanderings and destinies of Father Abilgärd"). In 1797 he returned to Jena where he concluded his studies with a dissertation for which he received his doctorate in medicine. In 1800 he worked, briefly, in Vienna as a physician. In 1802 he introduced vaccinations against Chickenpox in Brno. At the end of 1803, still from Vienna, he renewed his literary relationship with Sophie Mereau. Working with Joseph Schreyvogel, during this period he co-edited a weekly newspaper in Vienna called "Das Sonntagsblatt" ("The Sunday News sheet"). He remained in Vienna till the end of 1809.Middle years
In 1809 Lindner abandoned his medical work, which he found insufficiently fulfilling and moved again, traveling via Munich, Regensburg, Nuremberg and Bayreuth. He ended up relocating to Weimar, close to

masks:
Friedrich Ludwig Lindner
Friedrich Ludwig Lindner
Johann Friedrich von Recke


texts:
 Jena where he had studied as a student, and where he now took a writing job with the polymath publisher <mask> Bertuch. It was also in 1810 that he visited his uncle, the physician-theologian Gottlob Immanuel <mask> (1734–1818), who had been born (like Lindner's father) in Königsberg, but at this stage lived and worked in Strasbourg. Here he fell seriously ill, which caused him to stay with his uncle for longer than originally planned: he was nursed by a widow whose husband had been a French government official. It was still 1810 when he married Elise, who had been born at Huningue (on the southern tip of Elsaß, close to Basel) in 1789, as Elise Reiffinger. The marriage was childless but not joyless: sources indicate that during their later years Elise Lindner became an unusually influential spouse. In 1813, by now living in Jena, with a fresh outbreak of fighting, Lindner was officially entrusted with the billeting of francophone troops, partly because he had mastered the French language.As calm returned to the streets he was rewarded for his hitherto unacknowledged teaching work when he was given a post as a university professor of philosophy. Although little is known of his attitude to the respective belligerents in the 25-year "world war" that provided the backdrop for much of his life, it does appear that the successive reverses suffered by the French as their armies were rolled back after October 1813 left him unmoved. However, in 1814 he surrendered his professorship at Jena and returned initially to Weimar and then, with Elise, moved back to his father's home in Courland. He stayed and ran his father's affairs till the latter's death in May 1816. After the war
In April 1817 Lindner returned to Weimar where he took on the editorship of a newspaper called the "Oppositionsblatt" ("Opposition Newspaper"). However, the backwash from a "press

masks:
Friedrich Justin
Lindner


texts: scandal" caused him to leave Weimar later the same year. This resulted from an "indiscretion" involving a secret report written by a man called August von Kotzebue.Von Kotzebue was employed by the Russian Tsar's "Foreign Ministry" and provided the Tsar with reports covering developments in politics, literature, economics, finance, education and what was going on more generally at the local university (in Jena). Although he came to be detested by liberals as a "Russian spy" it might be argued that von Kotzebue's reports contained nothing that was not in the public domain, and were no more than any foreign office employee working for any foreign power might have been expected to provide in a period of heightened political nervousness. Von Kotzebue and the Tsar were not in sympathy with liberal developments in political thought. In his report von Kotzebue criticised a newspaper called "Nemesis". Lindner happened to live in the same house as a copying clerk employed by von Kotzebue's: a copy of the report fell into Lindner's hands and Lindner sent it, accompanied by an anonymous letter, to the editor of "Nemesis", whose name was Heinrich Luden, in order that von Kotzebue's secret report might be published in the publication of which it was critical. The efficiency of the censor saw to it that the edition of "Nemesis" containing the report was not widely seen, but another editor,  got hold of the document and published it in another (low circulation) newspaper called "Der Volksfreunde" (The Friend of the People) in January 1818. The Russian government put pressure on the authorities locally to ensure Lindner's expulsion.(Von Kotzebue became so detested that he, too, had to leave the area, moving to Mannheim where in 1819 he was assassinated by the theology student, <mask> Sand.) Lindner now settled for a period in Mulhouse, not far from the town where