texts: extremely exposed, especially the famous Fresh Air Traverse. Eichorn was just 19 years old. Steve Roper called this route "one of the classic routes of the Sierra, partly because of its spectacular location and partly because it was the first really big wall to be climbed in the range." Porcella & Burns wrote that "the climb heralded a new standard of technical competence in Californian rock climbing . . ." Eichorn's 1931 experiences led to a lifelong friendship with Norman Clyde, who was, by most accounts, California's greatest mountaineer of the first half of the 20th century.These two classic climbs were among at least 26 first ascents that <mask> completed in the High Sierra between 1930 and 1952. His other first ascents included the Dragtooth, Finger Peaks, Matthes crest, Eichorn Minaret, Waller Minaret, Clyde Spires, Mt. McGee, Frustration Turret, Pyramidal Pinnacle, and Red Spur. His first ascents of new routes on previously climbed peaks include Matterhorn Peak, Mount Hoffmann, Cathedral Peak, Banner Peak, Michael Minaret, Mount Winchell, Temple Crag, Middle Palisade, the ridge traverse from North Palisade to Starlight Peak, Deerhorn Mountain, Mt. Ericsson, Mount Russell and three routes on the Devil's Crags. In early August 1933, young solo climber and guidebook author Walter A. Starr, Jr., nicknamed "Pete", disappeared in the Minarets. Beginning on August 15, a dozen skilled climbers including <mask>, Clyde and Dawson spent four days searching unsuccessfully for Pete Starr.Norman Clyde continued to search alone, and discovered Starr's body on Michael Minaret on August 25, where he had fallen to his death. Eichorn and Clyde later climbed

masks: Eichorn Eichorn


type: original

texts:
 back to the location of the body, and interred the remains in a mountain tomb that they built on the ledge. Eichorn handled the body as Clyde had an aversion to touching corpses. Starr's grateful (and wealthy) parents rewarded Eichorn with a scholarship to the University of California, Berkeley, where he majored in music and earned a teaching credential. In 1934, Eichorn, Robinson and Dick Leonard of the Cragmont Climbing Club assembled the most advanced set of climbing gear then in use in North America, much of which they had obtained from Germany, and successfully climbed Higher Cathedral Spire in Yosemite Valley. This was the first major technical ascent in the valley that later became a mecca of rock climbing. This was the first climb in California to utilize pitons.Writing about this climb, Bestor Robinson described Eichorn's "remarkable sense of balance and ability to stick to next to nothing." In the late 1930s, Eichorn contracted Coccidioidomycosis, also called Valley Fever, a potentially fatal fungal disease that affects the lungs. This infection kept him out of the military during World War II. Instead, he spent the war years teaching mountaineering skills to rangers in Yosemite National Park. Environmental leader

Eichorn taught instrumental, orchestral and choral music in the Woodside High School for several decades. In the 1950s, he led month-long "cache and carry" youth hikes in the Sierra Nevada and also served as a volunteer on Sierra Club mountaineering base camp trips through the 1970s. He collaborated with Sierra mule packer Charley Robinson on several of these trips, moving supplies to hikers and climbers using a mule


texts:
 train.He became a political activist, opposing development and wetland filling along the San Mateo County, California coast of San Francisco Bay. He was an active member of the Loma Prieta chapter of the Sierra Club for many years. In 1961, he was elected to the national Board of Directors of the Sierra Club, and served from 1961 to 1967. Among his colleagues on the board in those years was Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, photographer Ansel Adams and Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist Wallace Stegner. Eichorn died in his sleep at his home in Redwood City, California on February 15, 2000, eight days after his 88th birthday. Legacy

Two Sierra Nevada peaks are named after <mask>orn. Eichorn Pinnacle (~10,940 feet) is the spectacular west summit of Cathedral Peak near Tuolumne Meadows in Yosemite National Park.<mask> climbed this pinnacle in 1931. Eichorn Minaret (12,255 feet) is one of the Minarets in the Ritter Range, located in the Ansel Adams Wilderness. The Jules Eichorn Memorial Grove is located in Big Basin Redwoods State Park in Santa Cruz County, California. <mask> was the winner of the Sierra Club's Francis P. Farquhar Mountaineering Award for 1972. His personal slogan was "Music and the mountains; they're the greatest." External links
 Portrait of <mask>orn by Ansel Adams
 An account of the 1931 High Trip: thehighsierra.org

References

Sierra Club directors
1912 births
2000 deaths
People from San Francisco
American mountain climbers
American environmentalists
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Educators from California
American people of German descent
People from Hillsborough, California
Activists from California
Sierra

masks:
Jules Eich
Jules Eichorn
Eichorn
Jules Eich


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<mask> (Urdu: حاجى محمد صديق چودھری; b. 1912—27 February 2004), , popular as <mask> Choudhri, was a three-star rank admiral in the Pakistan Navy who was the first native Commander in Chief of Pakistan Navy. He was the cousin of Dr Raees M. Mushtaq's father who is a current Senior Advocate of Pakistan and is the owner of Indus Hotel Hyderabad. In 1953, he was appointed as second Commander-in-Chief after taking over the command from Royal Navy's Rear Admiral J.W. Jefford, and served under two Governor-Generals from 1953–56, and then under President Iskander Mirza from 1956 until 1959. He resigned from his command due to differences regarding the navy's plans of modernization and to end the interservice rivalry with Army GHQ, Pakistan MoD, and the Presidency on 26 January 1959. He was one of the only few military officials who resigned from their commission over the disagreement with the civilian government and was eventually succeeded by Vice-Admiral A. R. Khan on 28 February 1959.He died on 27 February 2004 and was buried in military graveyard in Karachi with full military honors. Biography

Early years and World War II
Haji Mohammad Choudhri was born in Batala, Punjab, British India in 1912 in an Arain family He is the cousin of Dr Raees M Mushtaq’s Father. Very little is known about his early life which based on combined military history of India and Pakistan. As many of contemporaries in the British Indian military, he was educated at the Rashtriya Indian Military College and later joined the Britannia Royal Naval College in the United Kingdom. He was among the first Indians and first Indian Muslim to be commissioned a midshipman in the Royal Indian Navy's Executive Branch in 1931. On 1 September 1933, he was promoted to sub-lieutenant, receiving promotion to lieutenant on 1 September

masks:
Mohammad Siddiq Choudri
HMS


texts: 1936. On 24 May 1938, he was assigned to the escort vessel HMIS Lawrence as its first lieutenant and was serving in this position at the outbreak of war in 1939; the future Indian Navy CNS Sourendra Nath Kohli served under him as a sub-lieutenant.He was trained as torpedo and anti-submarine specialist and held various officer's appointments both at sea and with land-based naval formations before and after the World War II. At the outset of the war, he saw action against the Italian Regia Marina in the Red Sea and off the Somali coasts. In 1942, he was sent to Britain where he qualified as a specialist officer in the Torpedo Branch. He then went to the United States in 1943, delivering lectures on the role of the Royal Indian Navy. On 25 March 1944, Choudhri was promoted to acting lieutenant-commander and given command of the minesweeper HMIS Rohilkand. On 1 September 1944, he was promoted to substantive lieutenant-commander, the first Indian to become a substantive senior line officer in the RIN. He participated in the Pacific theatre against the  Imperial Japanese Navy.On 10 February 1945, he was promoted to acting commander and assigned to the sloop HMIS Godavari as its executive officer. In the 1945 Birthday Honours List, he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire, Military Division (MBE). He witnessed the Japanese surrender in 1945 and commanded a naval division that consisted of the two-ship formation that represented the Royal Indian Navy. After the war, Choudhri served on the Armed Forces Nationalisation Committee, and was promoted to acting captain in July 1947. In 1947, Choudhri served on the committee that was involved in the division of the RIN's assets between India and Pakistan. At the time of the partition of British India, Captain Choudhri was the


texts:
 senior-most Indian naval officer. He decided to opt for Pakistan in 1947.He was among the first twenty naval officers who joined the Royal Pakistan Navy (RPN) as a captain with a service number PN. 0001. He was the first most senior and the only captain in the navy in terms of seniority list provided by the Royal Indian Navy to the Ministry of Defense (MoD) in 1947. He did not actively participated in first war with India in 1947, instead he commanded a destroyer from Karachi to Mumbai to oversee the evacuation of Indian emigrants to Pakistan. In 1950, he was promoted to one-star rank, Commodore, and appointed to serve as deputy commander in chief under Rear-Admiral J.W. Jefford. Admiral Rear-Admiral J.W.Jefford's retirement was due in 1951 and favoured continuously appointing the British officers in the armed forces. Commander-in-Chief and resignation
The Pakistan government called for appointing a native commanders-in-chief of army, air force and navy and dismissed deputation appointments from the British military. In terms of seniority, he was the most senior officer to be appointed as an admiral in the navy but the British Admiralty and Commodore Choudhri himself was in doubt to be appointed as commander of navy mainly because of his youth and lack of experience in military staffing. Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan approved his nomination papers as navy's commander in chief on the condition that he would spend a year in commanding a squadron in sea, and then attend the Imperial Defence College. Upon returning to Pakistan in 1952 after he gained staff officer degree, he was appointed as Deputy Commander-in-Chief at the NHQ where he established staff corps and administration. Although, the Pakistani government announced the appointment of navy's first native commander in chief in 1951


texts:
 and Commodore Choudhri's nomination papers being approved by Prime Minister Ali Khan also in 1951, his appointment as navy's first native commander-in-chief came only in effect in 1953 with the crucial help provided from the army's Commander-in-Chief General Ayub Khan. He was promoted as rear admiral and assumed the command of the navy with an objective of expanding navy's resources and infrastructure.In 1951, Admiral <mask> decided to built the submarines and warships at the Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works, relaying his plans to the Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Finance, but was told by the civilian planners that the "second-hand ships from the United Kingdom would be better off for Pakistan", that eventually led the Navy to rely on the obsolete vessels that had to be acquire from the United Kingdom. From 1953–56, he bitterly negotiated with the U.S. Navy and Royal Navy over the acquisition of warship and made several unsuccessful attempts for the procurement of submarines imported from the United States. In 1954, he convinced the U.S. government to provide monetary support for modernization of aging O–class destroyers and minesweepers, while commissioning the Ch–class destroyers from British Navy. In 1955, Admiral Choudhri cancelled and disbanded the British military tradition in the navy when the U.S. Navy's advisers were dispatched to the Pakistani military. British military tradition were only kept in the air force due to being under its British commander and major staff consisting of Royal Air Force officers. Despite initiatives, the Admiralty's influence slowly vanished from the navy until the native officers were educated and promoted to flag ranks to replace the Royal Navy's officers

In 1956, Admiral Choudhri sent recommendations for the construction of the seaport in


texts: Ormara and a naval base that would linked the Sonmiani but it was bypassed Ministry of Shipping that cited financial constraints. In 1957, he finalize the sale of cruiser warship from the United Kingdom, and used the government's own fund to induct the warship that caused a great ire against Admiral Choudhri by the Finance ministry in the country.In 1958, he made an unsuccessful attempt induct the imported submarines from Sweden using the American funds that was halted by the United States and the Pakistan's own Finance ministry despite he had support from Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army General Ayub. In 1958, his Navy NHQ staff began fighting with the Army GHQ staff and the Ministry of Defence (MoD) over the plans regarding the modernization of the navy. He was in bitter conflict with General Ayub who saw the purchase of PNS Baber and his submarine procurement approaches had jeopardized the foreign military relations with the United States. The MoD did sanctioned to pay off the costly PNS Baber but halted the crucial funds for the operations of the navy which had been assembled since 1956. In another Joint Chiefs of Staff meeting chaired by General Ayub in 1958, he became involved with heated debate over the financial costs for the naval operations in deep sea. General Ayub reportedly reached out to the President Iskander Mirza and lodged a complained against Admiral Choudhri by noting the Admiral of "neither having the brain, imagination or depth of thought to understand such (defence) problems nor the vision or the ability to make any contribution." Admiral Choudhri then was called to meet with President Mirza to resolve the interservice rivalry between the army and navy but it was ended with "stormy interview" with the President.Upon returning to NHQ, Admiral Choudhry decided


texts:
 to tender his resignation to broke the interservice impasse in protest as result of having differences with Navy's plans of expansion and modernization. He resigned from the command of navy on 26 January 1959 and cited to President: "major decision [which] have been taken with disagreement with the technical advice I have consistently tendered.... concerning the concept of our defence, the appointment of our available budget, and the size and shape of our Navy." In 1958, Vice-Admiral Afzal Rahman Khan, who was known to be confident of General Ayub Khan, was appointed as naval chief by President Mirza. Post-retirement and death

After retiring from Navy, he went on to establish Merchant Navy and promoted civilian shipping trade throughout his life. After retiring from Navy in 1959, he founded and became director of Pakistan Institute of Maritime Affairs (PIMA) which he remained associated with until his death in 2004. He avoided politics and provided no commentaries on conflicts and wars with neighboring India in successive years of 1965, 1971, and 1999. He died of old age on 27 February 2004 and was buried in a  military graveyard in Karachi.In his honor, the government established the "HMS Choudhri Memorial Hall" at the National Defence University in Islamabad in 2005. References

External links
Pakistani Defence Forum
Official website of Pakistan Navy

1912 births
2004 deaths
Punjabi people
People from Gurdaspur district
Rashtriya Indian Military College alumni
Graduates of Britannia Royal Naval College
Royal Indian Navy officers
Indian people of World War II
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Alumni of the Royal College of Defence Studies
People of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947
Pakistan Navy admirals
Chiefs of Naval Staff (Pakistan)
Recipients of Hilal-i-Imtiaz
Pakistan


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<mask> (born August 21, 1966) is an American social entrepreneur and businessman. He serves as a member, global head of public affairs, and co-head of KKR global impact at investment firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts. He oversees the firm's responsible investment efforts, leading the firm's Environmental Social Governance programs. Prior to joining KKR, Mehlman spent a year as an attorney and partner at law firm Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld. In January 2017, <mask> announced that he would act as chairman of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Policy Advisory Board. <mask> held several national posts in the Republican Party and the George W. Bush administration. In 2000, he was appointed director of the White House Office of Political Affairs.Mehlman managed Bush's 2004 re-election campaign, and was 62nd Chairman of the Republican National Committee from 2005 to 2007. In 2007, Bush appointed Mehlman to a five-year term on the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Council. In 2010, <mask> came out as gay in an interview with journalist Marc Ambinder, which made him one of the few prominent openly-gay figures in the Republican Party. He told Ambinder that he was aware that the Republican Party emphasized an anti-gay agenda but felt that he could not "go against the party consensus" when he held leadership positions. After coming out, Mehlman advocated for the recognition of same-sex marriage. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Baltimore, Maryland.He is one of two sons born to Judith and <mask>. His father was director of MuniMae and a former partner at KPMG, for which he was the head of the firm's auditing department in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area. <mask>'s brother, Bruce, works as a lobbyist at Mehlman Vogel Castagnetti. <mask> received his undergraduate degree in 1988 from Franklin and Marshall College in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where he became a member of Phi Kappa Tau's Xi chapter. He received his  J.D. from Harvard Law School in 1991, where he was a classmate of future President Barack Obama. Career
Mehlman practiced environmental law at Akin Gump

masks:
Kenneth Brian Mehlman
Mehlman
Mehlman
Mehlman
Mehlman
Arthur Mehlman
Mehlman
Mehlman


texts: Strauss Hauer & Feld in Washington, D.C. from 1991 to 1994, when he became legislative director to Representative Lamar S. Smith of Texas's 21st congressional district.<mask> served as Smith's legislative director from 1994 to 1996, and then as chief of staff to Representative Kay Granger of Texas's 12th congressional district from 1996 to 1999. Mehlman served as field director for the 2000 presidential campaign of George W. Bush. When Bush became president, <mask> became director of the White House Office of Political Affairs. He managed the Bush re-election campaign in 2004. In January 2005, the American Association of Political Consultants gave Mehlman the "Campaign Manager of the Year" award for his management of the Bush/Cheney presidential ticket. <mask> joined Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co in 2008. As of 2021, he continues to be KKR's Global Head of Public Affairs and co-head of KKR Global Impact, helping assess and improve the companies in which KKR invests by engaging stakeholders & leveraging geopolitical & public policy trends.Mehlman also oversees the firm's global external affairs, including corporate marketing, regulatory affairs & public policy, and communications. Mehlman leads KKR's Environmental Social Governance (ESG) programs for the firm and its portfolio companies. In addition to his role at KKR, <mask> is a trustee of New York's Mount Sinai Hospital, Franklin & Marshall College, and Teach for America. He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, serves as chairman of the American Investment Council (previously the Private Equity Growth Capital Council), and is co-Chairman of the American Enterprise Institute's National Council. He is also a trustee and board member of Sponsors for Educational Opportunity (SEO). <mask> was appointed to the board of directors of the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board in June, 2016. On January 10, 2017, Mark Zuckerberg announced on Facebook that <mask> and David Plouffe would be joining the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.<mask> will chair the philanthropy's public policy advisory board,

masks: Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman


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 which he stated in his official Facebook post will consist of "a diverse group of advisors and experts." On March 4, 2021, <mask> was elected to the board of directors of the United Negro College Fund (UNCF). Republican National Committee chairmanship
<mask> was Bush's choice to replace Ed Gillespie as the chair of the Republican National Committee and was elected to the post on January 19, 2005. Mehlman announced after the November 2006 general election that he would not seek re-election to another term as Republican National Chairman. One of his top deputies, RNC political Director Michael DuHaime, announced in December 2006 that he would become campaign manager for Rudy Giuliani's 2008 presidential campaign. Mehlman addressed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) a full year before Bush addressed  the civil rights organization. In his address to the NAACP on July 14, 2005 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Mehlman apologized for his party's failure to reach out to the black community in the aftermath of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, stating, "Some Republicans gave up on winning the African-American vote, looking the other way or trying to benefit politically from racial polarization...I am here as Republican chairman to tell you we were wrong." Although <mask>'s speech seemed to suggest a new approach towards the African-American community, most have considered the approach to be unsuccessful, with several polls indicating that Republicans have not improved in terms of African-American approval. A Washington Post poll shows that Bush's approval rating among African Americans fell to two percent at one point, and a report card issued by the NAACP gave "F's" to a majority of Republicans in the 109th Congress. As the head of the RNC, Mehlman played a key role, along with Karl Rove, in executing the Republican Party's long-term, yet ultimately unsuccessful, plan for electoral dominance. This is discussed at length in Peter Wallsten and Tom Hamburger's book, One Party Country. <mask> voluntarily stepped down as chairman of the RNC

masks: Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman Mehlman


texts:
 at the end of 2006. He was succeeded by Mike Duncan and Mel Martinez.In 2016, Mehlman was a vocal opponent of Donald Trump's in the primary and general election, and he publicly vowed to vote for Hillary Clinton. Phone jamming scandal

A Democratic analysis of phone records introduced at the 2005 criminal trial of James Tobin, the Northeast political director for the RNC in 2002, shows that Mehlman made 115 outgoing calls – mostly to the same number in the White House office of political affairs – between September 17 and November 22, 2002, when the office of political affairs was headed by Mehlman. Two dozen calls were made from 9:28 a.m. the day before the election through 2:17 a.m. on the night after the voting, a three-day period. Virtually all the calls to the White House went to the same phone number. In April 2006, Mehlman issued a statement on the matter, noting that his deputy for the Northeast states routinely discussed election business with RNC officials, and categorically stated that "none of my conversations nor the conversations of my staff, involved discussion of the phone-jamming incident." Tobin was convicted on December 15, 2005 "for his part in a plot to jam the Democratic Party's phones on Election Day 2002"; however, this conviction was later overturned by a federal appeals court and Tobin was acquitted on all charges. Coming out
In August 2010, Mehlman revealed that he is gay.Prior to this revelation, rumors about Mehlman's sexual orientation had circulated since at least 2004. In May 2006, Mehlman denied he was gay, telling the New York Daily News: "I'm not gay, but those stories did a number on my dating life for six months." On November 8, 2006, comedian Bill Maher made an appearance on Larry King Live, during which he referred to Mehlman as a closeted gay man. The incident became controversial because CNN edited out Maher's comments in later taped editions and removed the reference to Mehlman's sexual orientation from the transcript of the show. The day after Maher's comments, Mehlman announced he would step down as chairman


texts:
 of the RNC (although reports said that his resignation had been expected for some time). Almost four years later, in an article in The Atlantic, Mehlman stated that he is in fact gay, and that he planned to be an advocate for legalizing same-sex marriage. According to the New York Times, Mehlman's "announcement makes him apparently the most prominent Republican official to come out."This disclosure followed years of him avoiding and denying inquiries about his sexual orientation. During his RNC chairmanship, Mehlman supported certain positions of the Republican Party, including opposition to same-sex marriage. Mehlman stated he could not have gone against party consensus, but acknowledged that, had he come out of the closet earlier, he might have been able to impact Republican efforts to pass state initiatives and referenda banning same-sex marriage. Reactions
Marc Ambinder, who interviewed Mehlman and wrote The Atlantic article, said that Mehlman's roles with the RNC and the Bush campaign "coincided with the Republican Party's attempts to exploit anti-gay prejudices and cement the allegiance of social conservatives". A few commentators, such as Cenk Uygur and Michael Rogers, criticized Mehlman on The Ed Show, for having remained closeted about his sexuality while active in politics. Rogers has long advocated for the forced outing of closeted gay politicians who vote or advocate against LGBT interests. Some segments of the LGBT community expressed support for Mehlman.Dustin Lance Black, the Academy Award-winning writer of Milk, said, "<mask> represents an incredible coup for the American Foundation for Equal Rights ... As a victorious former presidential campaign manager and head of the Republican Party, <mask> has the proven experience and expertise to help us communicate with people across each of the 50 states." Stephen Petrow, former president of the National Lesbian & Gay Journalists Association, wrote in a Huffington Post column, "... the 43-year old Mehlman found the courage to be honest about his identity with family,  friends, former

masks: Ken Ken


texts:
 colleagues and current colleagues [who have] been wonderful and supportive." Gay & Lesbian Victory Fund President and CEO Chuck Wolfe said in a public statement, "We hope the fact that <mask>man has reached this level of honesty will now encourage other political leaders to reject divisive anti-gay campaign tactics..."

Equal rights advocacy

Support for same-sex marriage
In June 2011, Mehlman lobbied Republican members of the New York state legislature to support the legalization of same-sex marriage in New York and reached out to conservative donors and operatives. Mehlman often spoke with undecided GOP senators, including three of the four who eventually voted in favor of the bill. Mehlman, who gained the support of many gay-rights backers, discussed the political and ideological reasons why lawmakers should vote for the bill. He said, "Letting two adults who love each other get married strengthens and promotes families." Mehlman told GOP senators that legalizing same-sex marriage aligned with Republican interests and principles.He emphasized that polls showed a significant shift toward voter support of same-sex marriage. Four Republican senators voted for the Marriage Equality Act. Several gay rights leaders and bloggers recognized Mehlman's role. <mask> was honored in Out Magazine 2011's Out100 list partially because of his work on the campaign. Mehlman has been active in Maryland, New Hampshire and Washington State, helping to raise almost $3 million for these campaigns between August 2010 (when he came out) and March 2012. He continued to campaign for same-sex marriage, before United States v. Windsor, the 2013 United States Supreme Court decision which held that same-sex marriage is constitutional, by aiming to show GOP leaders why same-sex marriage "is consistent with Republican and conservative principles", and speaking on that topic throughout the country. In January 2013, also before United States v. Windsor, Mehlman spoke with political activist David Kochel in Iowa about how supporting same-sex marriage is a conservative value.He stated

masks:
Ken Mehl
Mehlman


texts: that, "I'm a conservative because I believe in more freedom and I believe in less government. I think that we are endowed by our Creator, not by politicians, not by government, not by bureaucrats, with inalienable rights, including the pursuit of happiness. If you believe that, what could be more central to the pursuit of happiness than choosing the person that you love, that you have the right to marry?" In February 2013, Mehlman helped organize an amicus curiae brief to the Supreme Court in the case of California Proposition 8 signed by dozens of prominent socially moderate Republicans, including Jon Huntsman, Jr., Meg Whitman, <mask>, Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, and others, explaining that they supported a Constitutional right to same-sex marriage. According to the New York Times, <mask>man spent "months in quiet conversations with fellow Republicans to gather signatures for the brief." "We are trying to say to the court that we are judicial and political conservatives, and it is consistent with our values and philosophy for you to overturn Proposition 8," said <mask>man according to the New York Times report. In November 2013, Mehlman launched a non-profit organization called Project Right Side  focused on convincing more Republicans to support marriage equality.The organization also conducts research and analysis in an effort to improve political conditions for LGBTQ issues. He stated that "Conservatives don't need to change core convictions to embrace the growing support for equal rights for gay Americans. It is sufficient to recognize the inherent conservatism in citizens' desire to marry, to be judged on their work, and not to be singled out for higher taxes or bullying at school. These objectives can be achieved while also protecting religious liberty, as demonstrated by states enacting civil marriage with exemptions for religious institutions." In February 2014, Mehlman was a keynote speaker at the first campus-wide Harvard LGTBQ conference on the 45th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots where he was interviewed by Baruch Shemtov. He spoke during

masks:
Ken Duberstein
Ken Mehl
Ken Mehl


texts:
 the closing remarks of the conference, stating "there's nothing more powerful than coming out and being who you are." Don't Ask, Don't Tell legislation
Mehlman supported the repeal of the  "Don't ask, don't tell" military policy introduced during President Bill Clinton's tenure.In 2010, Mehlman lobbied ten U.S. Senators to repeal the policy. Workplace discrimination
<mask> has also worked on LGBTQ non-discrimination issues. He actively helped Congressional leaders pass the Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA) in the Senate in 2013. In July 2019, Mehlman filed an amicus brief, joined by close to three dozen other Republican leaders, arguing in support of the rights of LGBT people in the workplace. The brief argued that the Civil Rights Act of 1964 explicitly prohibits discrimination against gay men, lesbians and transgender people in the workplace due to language in the law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex. In addition, Mehlman wrote an op-ed for The New York Times outlining his reasons for believing that the fight for gay rights upholds the Republican values of economic freedom and personal liberty.In the piece, Mehlman writes that firing an employee because of their sexual orientation or gender identity is "... unethical and un-American, and the Supreme Court has the opportunity to read the clear language of Title VII [of the Civil Rights Act] and affirm that it is illegal." Personal life
Mehlman is Jewish and lives in New York City. References

External links
 Official website of <mask>man
 <mask>'s KKR corporate biography

|-

|-

1966 births
American campaign managers
Businesspeople from Baltimore
Franklin & Marshall College alumni
Gay politicians
Harvard Law School alumni
Jewish American government officials
LGBT appointed officials in the United States
LGBT conservatism in the United States
LGBT Jews
LGBT people from Maryland
Lawyers from Baltimore
Living people
Maryland Republicans
New York (state) Republicans
Republican National Committee chairs
United States presidential advisors
Lawyers from Washington,

masks:
Mehlman
Ken Mehl
Ken Mehlman


texts:
<mask> (born September 9, 1987) is an American football free safety for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Rice Owls, and was signed by the Sacramento Mountain Lions of The United Football League as a free agent in 2010. <mask> has also been a member of the Dallas Cowboys, New York Jets, Philadelphia Eagles, Minnesota Vikings, and Cleveland Browns. Early years
<mask> is a 2006 graduate of Smithson Valley High School in Spring Branch, northeast of San Antonio, Texas. He was a two-time All-San Antonio area selection for coach Larry Hill. Also a two-time honorable mention All-State pick, and a two-time All-District 26-5A honoree. As a senior, he had 75 tackles (3 for loss), four interceptions, eight pass deflections, one forced and one fumble recovery, helping lead the Rangers to a 13-2 record and the Class 5A semifinals.He was named Comal County defensive player of the year for his  senior season efforts. He was also a regional finalist and academic All-district. Sendejo selected Rice over Tulane, Army, North Texas, Northwestern and New Mexico. In addition to football, Sendejo also lettered in soccer, where he was twice a second team All-district selection and academic All-district pick, helping Smithson Valley to the district and bi-district championships. He also participated in track & field for the Rangers; at the 2004 District 27-5A Championships, he placed third in the 400-meter dash (52.80 seconds), sixth in the triple jump (12.04m or 39'4") and fifth in the pole vault (3.53m or 11'6"). As a junior in 2005, he

masks:
Andrew Victor Sendejo
Sendejo
Sendejo


texts:
 posted a personal-best time of 52.02 seconds in the 400-meter dash at the Texas State High School Invitational. College career
At Rice, <mask> saw his senior season come to an early conclusion after suffering a severe high ankle sprain at East Carolina that required surgery.He was a Preseason All C-USA pick by conference coaches and a three-year starter who opened the season as the national leader among active players in solo tackles and also ranked in the top 10 among active players in career total tackles, career interceptions and interception returns for touchdowns. He was a Second team All C-USA preseason selection by the media in a poll conducted by the New Orleans Times-Picayune. He also earned an Honorable Mention All C-USA honors from league coaches even with a shortened senior season, and was named one of 12 finalist for the 2009 Wuerffel Trophy, which honors the college football player who best combines exemplary community service with outstanding academic and athletic achievement. He was a three-time ESPN The Magazine District VI academic honoree as well as a three-time C-USA All Academic Football team with a 3.55 GPA in sports management. 2006 season

A starter from the first whistle of the season who went on to earn honorable mention freshman All-American recognition from The Sporting News and C-USA all-freshman honors from the media, Sendejo made 10 starts on the season in 11 played games, missing just the UAB game with an injury. He finished fifth on the team with 49 total tackles from the Spur position, tied for fourth on the squad with seven tackles for loss and


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 was second on the team by forcing three fumbles. He forced one fumble and recovered a second to set up a touchdown for the Owls against Tulsa.He opened the season with a 13-yard sack of Kevin Kolb of Houston and closed it with a seven-yard sack of Justin Willis of SMU. 2007 season

As a sophomore in 2007, <mask> led the team with 107 tackles and five interceptions. His five interceptions were the most by an Owl since Dan Dawson tied the school record with seven in 2000 and match the third-best total by an Owl in a season. He earned honorable mention All C-USA honors by the coaches and third-team All conference mention by Phil Steele. Also named Academic All-Conference and All-District VI for his work in the classroom as well. He closed the season strongly, registering back-to-back double figure tackle efforts against Tulane (11) and Tulsa (13). He posted four double figure games on the season, including a career-best 18-tackle day at Marshall, the most by an Owl since Jeff Vanover was credited with 18 against SMU in 2001.He was named C-USA Defensive Player of the Week against Southern Miss after picking off a pair of passes, forcing a fumble, and registering seven tackles, becoming the first Owl to pick off more than one pass in a game since Dan Dawson picked off three vs. Hawaii back in 2000. He was credited with eight tackles, shared a tackle for loss, forced and recovered a fumble and broke up a pass at Houston. He returned his interception against SMU 31 yards for a score for his first career touchdown. 2008 season

<mask> was an honorable mention All C-USA pick by the

masks: Sendejo Sendejo


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 coaches, second team pick by the Houston Chronicle, while Phil Steele placed him on his first-team, All-conference unit. He led the Owls with 94 total tackles despite missing nearly three full games with a high ankle sprain. He also totaled 89 yards in returns, bringing back an interception 55 yards for a touchdown and returning a fumble 34 yards to set up a second score. That interception return was his second of his career for a score, with both coming against SMU.He was fifth in C-USA stats with 8.55 tackles per game (51st nationally) and 22nd in NCAA stats with 5.4 solo tackles per game. He opened the year by earning C-USA Defensive Player of the Week honors for his game vs. SMU. He had back-to-back 13-tackle efforts at Memphis and Vanderbilt, then was credited with a season-high 17 tackles at Texas, one shy of his career-high of 18 set in 2007 at Marshall. He saw his streak of double-figure tackle games end at three when he was credited for three stops against North Texas. In that game, he made his debut as the Owls' punt returner, fielding a pair for no gain, then returned his third for a gain of 21- He got injured early in the Tulsa game and did not record a tackle. He missed the Southern Miss game, breaking a streak of 24 consecutive games played (23 starts). He also missed the Tulane game, and then returned to action against UTEP and led the Owls with eight tackles.He closed out the regular season by recording his fifth double-figure tackle game of the year with 13 vs. Houston. It was his ninth career double-figure tackle game. 2009 season

As a senior, <mask> was named


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 to Phil Steele's Midseason All C-USA Third team. He was able to play in only 7 games, after his season was cut short by a high ankle injury that required surgery. He was tied for sixth in the nation with 6.4 unassisted tackles per game at the time of his injury. He moved into a tie for second on the Owls' career tackle chart with nine stops at ECU, and jumped four spots on the tackling chart with 17 tackles vs. Navy, matching the second highest game total of his career. It was his 11th career double-figure tackle game.He was the NCAA career active leader with 216 career solo tackles (Sean Weatherspoon of Missouri was second with 199) before he got hurt. He ranked fourth in C-USA and 14th in the nation with a 14.3 yard average per punt return before his injury. He returned two punts for 65 yards vs. Vanderbilt, including a career best 47 yarder, the longest by an Owl since 1998 when LaDouphyous McCalla returned one 51 yards against Colorado State. He missed part of the Texas Tech game after injuring a wrist, but returned to finish the game. He recorded his 10th career double-digit tackle total in the opener at UAB with 15 stops. He finished his college career with 318 tackles (second in school history), 9 interceptions (seventh in school history), 2 sacks and 7 forced fumbles. Professional career

Sendejo went undrafted in the 2010 NFL Draft, and did not receive any offers to sign as an undrafted free agent.He attended rookie minicamp with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, but did not receive a contract offer upon completion. Sendejo also attended a tryout with the New Orleans Saints,


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 but did not receive any further interest from the team. Sacramento Mountain Lions
On August 20, 2010, it was reported that Sendejo signed a contract with the Sacramento Mountain Lions of the United Football League (UFL). He started at safety for the Mountain Lions and finished the 2010 UFL season with 48 combined tackles (31 solo), seven pass breakups, and two interceptions in eight games and eight starts. He tied for the second most tackles in the league during the 2010 season and led the Mountain Lions in total tackles and interceptions. Dallas Cowboys

2010
On November 24, 2010, the Dallas Cowboys signed <mask> to a two-year, $725,000 contract to join their practice squad as an unrestricted free agent. On November 29, 2010, <mask> was promoted to the active roster.On December 12, 2010, <mask> made his NFL debut during a 30–27 loss against the Philadelphia Eagles. On December 19, 2010, Sendejo recorded his first career tackle on kick returner Brandon Banks during a 33–30 victory against the Washington Redskins. <mask> and teammate Sam Hurd tackled Banks on a 22-yard kick return in the second quarter. He finished his rookie season with one tackle in two games. 2011
Throughout training camp, Sendejo competed for a roster spot as a backup safety against Collin Zych and Danny McCray. On September 3, 2011, the Dallas Cowboys waived <mask> as part of their final roster cuts. New York Jets
On September 4, 2011, the New York Jets claimed <mask> off of waivers and signed him to their active roster.His signing was marred in minor controversy as it was speculated the New York Jets signed

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 him in a bid to gain intelligence of the Dallas Cowboys' defense. At the time, the New York Jets' head coach was Rex Ryan and his twin brother, Rob Ryan, was the Dallas Cowboys' defensive coordinator. Cowboys' quarterback Tony Romo stated during a press conference that Rob Ryan had made minor adjustments to the defense to prevent any information to possibly be passed on to the Jets. On September 13, 2011, the New York Jets waived <mask>. The following day, <mask> was signed to the Jets' practice squad after clearing waivers. On September 27, 2011, the Jets released <mask> from their practice squad. After his release, Sendejo verified that the Jets coaching staff had in fact asked him about the Dallas Cowboys' defense, but mainly asked him to verify some tendencies.Minnesota Vikings
On November 29, 2011, the Minnesota Vikings signed <mask> to a two-year, $900,000 contract. On December 11, 2011, <mask> made his Minnesota Vikings' debut and recorded one solo tackle during their 34–28 loss at the Detroit Lions in Week 14. He was inactive as a healthy scratch the following week before appearing in the last two regular season games. He finished the 2011 season with three combined tackles (two solo) in three games and zero starts. 2012
<mask> entered training camp and competed for a roster spot as a backup safety against Jamarca Sanford, Robert Blanton, and Eric Frampton. Head coach Leslie Frazier named <mask> the third strong safety on the depth chart to begin the regular season, behind rookie Harrison Smith and Jamarca Sanford. He was inactive for the Minnesota Vikings'

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 season-opening 26–23 victory against the Jacksonville Jaguars after sustaining an ankle injury during the preseason.He missed another two games (Weeks 4–5) after aggravating his ankle injury. In Week 7, he made a solo tackle on Patrick Peterson during a five-yard punt return in the third quarter of a 21–14 win against the Arizona Cardinals. <mask> played primarily on special teams in 2012 and finished the season with six solo tackles in 13 games and zero starts. The Minnesota Vikings finished second in the NFC North with a 10-6 record and earned a wildcard berth. On January 5, 2013, <mask> appeared in his first career playoff game and recorded a season-high two combined tackles during a 24–10 loss at the Green Bay Packers in the NFC Wildcard Game. 2013
Sendejo became an exclusive rights free agent in 2013 and was required to re-sign with the Vikings if he was offered a contract. On March 15, 2013, the Minnesota Vikings signed Sendejo to a one-year, $630,000 contract for the
required veteran league minimum.Throughout training camp, Sendejo competed to be the starting strong safety against Mistral Raymond, Robert Blanton, Jamarca Sanford, Brandan Bishop, and Darius Eubanks. Head coach Leslie Frazier officially named <mask> a backup strong safety, behind Jamarca Sanford and Mistral Raymond, to start the regular season. On September 19, 2013, the Minnesota Vikings signed <mask> to a two-year, $2 million contract extension that includes $400,000 guaranteed and a signing bonus $200,000. On September 29, 2013, <mask> earned his first career start in place of Jamarca Sanford, who was

masks: Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo


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 inactive due to a hamstring injury. <mask> recorded four solo tackles in a 34–27 victory against the Pittsburgh Steelers in London during their Week 4 contest. In Week 7, <mask> made his first start at free safety and recorded six combined tackles during a 23–7 loss at the New York Giants. He started nine consecutive games at free safety (Weeks 7–15) after Harrison Smtih was placed on injured reserve/designation to return due to a turf toe injury.On November 7, 2013, he collected a career-high 16 combined tackles (eight solo) in the Vikings' 34–27 victory against the Washington Redskins in Week 10. The following week, <mask> had 11 combined tackles (six solo) during a 41–20 loss at the Seattle Seahawks in Week 11. On December 8, 2013, Sendejo recorded three combined tackles, two pass deflections, and made his first career interception in a 29–26 loss to the Baltimore Ravens. He intercepted a pass by quarterback Joe Flacco that was originally intended for tight end Ed Dickson in the fourth quarter. He finished 2013 with a career-high 84 combined tackles (52 solo), two pass deflections, and an interception in 16 games and ten starts. On December 30, 2013, the Minnesota Vikings fired head coach Leslie Frazier after they finished fourth in the NFC North with a 5–10–1 record. 2014
On August 4, 2014, the Minnesota Vikings activated <mask> off of their physically unable to perform list after he fully recovered from back surgery he underwent in April.He competed against Robert Blanton and Antone Exum to be the starting strong safety. Head coach Mike Zimmer named <mask> the backup free


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 safety, behind Harrison Smith, to start the 2014 regular season. In Week 15, he started in place of Blanton, who was unable to play due to a leg injury. <mask> recorded six combined tackles, in Blanton's absence, as the Vikings lost 16–14 at the Detroit Lions. Defensive coordinator George Edwards chose to keep <mask> as the starting strong safety for the remaining two games (Weeks 16–17), although Blanton had recovered from his leg injury. On December 28, 2014, <mask> collected a season-high nine combined tackles during a 13–9 win against the Chicago Bears in Week 17. He finished the season with 27 combined tackles (20 solo) and a forced fumble in 16 games and three starts.2015
During training camp, Sendejo competed against Robert Blanton, Antone Exum, and Anthony Harris to retain the job as the starting strong safety. Head coach Mike Zimmer named <mask> the starting strong safety to start the regular season, opposite free safety Harrison Smith. He started in the Minnesota Vikings' season-opener at the San Francisco 49ers and made three solo tackles and blocked a field goal in their 20–3 loss. On the 49ers' opening drive, Sendejo blocked a 28-yard field goal attempt by kicker Phil Dawson and it was recovered by teammate Marcus Sherels at the Vikings' 44-yard line. He was sidelined for the Vikings' Week 4 loss at the Denver Broncos due to a knee injury. On November 8, 2015, <mask> collected seven combined tackles, a pass deflection, and was credited with half a sack to mark the first of his career during a 21–18 overtime victory against the St. Louis Rams in Week 9. He sacked


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 quarterback Nick Foles for an eight-yard loss with teammate Linval Joseph in the third quarter.<mask> aggravated his knee injury and was inactive for two more games (Weeks 13–14). In Week 16, he made three solo tackles, a pass deflection, and intercepted a pass by Eli Manning during a 49–17 win against the New York Giants. On January 3, 2016, <mask> collected a season-high 14 combined tackles (nine solo) in the Vikings' 20–13 win against the Green Bay Packers in Week 17. He finished the 2015 season with 74 combined tackles (58 solo), three passes defensed, and one interception in 13 games and 13 starts. He ranked 78th among the 88 qualified safeties in 2015 from Pro Football Focus. The Minnesota Vikings finished the 2015 season first in the NFC North with an 11–5 record and earned a playoff berth. On January 10, 2016, <mask> started his first career playoff game and made three solo tackles and a pass deflection during the Vikings' 10–9 loss to the Seattle Seahawks in the NFC Wildcard Game.2016
On March 5, 2016, the Minnesota Vikings signed <mask> to a four-year, $16 million contract that includes $3.95 million guaranteed. On September 18, 2016, <mask> collected a season-high 11 combined tackles (nine solo) during a 17–14 against the Green Bay Packers in Week 2. In Week 5, he made six combined tackles, a pass deflection, and an interception in the Vikings' 31–13 win against the Houston Texans. The following game, <mask> deflected a pass and made an interception during a 21–10 loss at the Philadelphia Eagles in Week 7. He was inactive for the Vikings' Week 8 loss at the Chicago


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 Bears after injuring his ankle the previous week. On December 31, 2016, the Minnesota Vikings placed <mask> on injured reserve due to a knee injury he sustained in practice. Sendejo finished the 2016 season with 69 combined tackles (45 solo), four pass deflections, two fumble recoveries, two interceptions, and was credited with half a sack in 14 games and 14 starts.Sendejo earned an overall grade of 78.6 from Pro Football Focus in 2016. 2017
Sendejo entered training camp slated as the starting strong safety. Head coach Mike Zimmer officially named <mask> and Harrison Smith the starting safety duo to begin the 2017 regular season. On September 24, 2017, Sendejo recorded five combined tackles, two pass deflections, and intercepted a pass attempt by quarterback Jameis Winston in the Vikings' 34–17 victory against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. The following week, he collected a season-high 11 combined tackles (five solo) during a 14–7 loss to the Detroit Lions in Week 4. He was inactive during a Week 6 win against the Green Bay Packers due to a groin injury. In Week 7, Sendejo accidentally delivered a helmet-to-helmet hit while tackling wide receiver Mike Wallace which caused Wallace to exit the game a due to a concussion.The next day, <mask> was suspended one game for violating the league's player safety rules. On December 10, 2017, Sendejo recorded nine combined tackles, deflected a pass, and made an interception off a pass by Cam Newton in a 31–24 loss at the Carolina Panthers. He completed the 2017 season with 80 combined tackles (54 solo), seven passes defensed, and two

masks: Sendejo Sendejo Sendejo


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 interceptions in 13 games and 13 starts. Pro Football Focus gave Sendejo an overall grade of 86.8, which ranked 11th among all qualified safeties in 2017. The Minnesota Vikings finished atop of their division with a 13–3 record and earned a first round bye. On January 10, 2018, <mask> collected four solo tackles, deflected two passes, and made an interception during Minnesota's to 29–24 comeback victory against the New Orleans Saints in the NFC Divisional Round. He intercepted a pass attempt thrown by quarterback Drew Brees in the first quarter that was originally intended for wide receiver Ted Ginn Jr.The following week, Sendejo collected four solo tackles as the Minnesota Vikings were routed 38–7 by the Philadelphia Eagles in the NFC Championship Game. 2018
In 2018, <mask> started the first five games before suffering a groin injury in Week 5 against the Philadelphia Eagles. He was inactive the next six games before being placed on injured reserve on November 27, 2018. On March 11, 2019, the Vikings declined the option on <mask>'s contract, making him an unrestricted free agent. Philadelphia Eagles
On March 18, 2019, the Philadelphia Eagles signed <mask> to a one-year contract. In week 2 against the Atlanta Falcons, he recorded his second career sack on Matt Ryan in the 24-20 loss. In week 6 against the Minnesota Vikings, he recorded an interception off former teammate Kirk Cousins in the 38-20 loss.He was waived on November 5, 2019. Minnesota Vikings (second stint)
On November 6, 2019, <mask> was claimed off waivers by the Minnesota Vikings. In <mask>'s first game back with


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 the Vikings, he recorded a team high 7 tackles and intercepted a pass thrown by Brandon Allen in the 27–23 comeback win over the Denver Broncos in week 11. In week 14 against the Detroit Lions, Sendejo intercepted a pass thrown by rookie quarterback David Blough late in the fourth quarter to seal a 20–7 Vikings win. Cleveland Browns
On March 27, 2020, <mask> signed a one-year contract with the Cleveland Browns. He was placed on the reserve/COVID-19 list by the team on December 29, 2020, and activated on January 7, 2021. Indianapolis Colts
On September 14, 2021, <mask> was signed by the Indianapolis Colts.Career statistics

Personal life
<mask> is of Mexican descent. He earned a degree in sports management from Rice. References

External links
Just Sports Stats
Minnesota Vikings bio
Rice Owls bio
Vikings: <mask>o takes long, winding road to starting lineup

1987 births
Living people
People from Bulverde, Texas
Players of American football from San Antonio
American sportspeople of Mexican descent
American football safeties
Rice Owls football players
Sacramento Mountain Lions players
Dallas Cowboys players
New York Jets players
Minnesota Vikings players
Philadelphia Eagles players
Cleveland Browns players
Indianapolis Colts

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Sendejo
Sendejo
Sendejo
Andrew Sendej


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<mask>, better known as <mask> (January 8, 1886 – July 20, 1929), was an American who founded the Moorish Science Temple of America. Considered a prophet by his followers, in 1913 he founded the Canaanite Temple in Newark, New Jersey, before relocating to Chicago, where he gained a following of thousands of converts. Following the murder of a rival Moorish Science Temple leader, <mask> was arrested (but never charged) and sent to jail; he died in 1929 shortly after being released. Early life
Several details of <mask>'s early life are uncertain, as true information became mixed with that of legend by his devout followers. He is believed to have been born <mask>, on January 8, 1886, in North Carolina. Sources differ as to his background and upbringing: one reports he was the orphaned son of two former slaves born in a Cherokee tribe, while another describes him as the son of John A<mask>uitman, military and political leader of the Cherokee (Coharie) Nation and Eliza Turner-Quitman full blooded Washitaw-Tunica mother. One version of his life, common among members of the Moorish Science Temple, holds that <mask> was raised by an abusive aunt, who once threw him into a furnace.This version holds that he left home at 16 and joined a band of Romani people who took him overseas to Egypt, and the Middle East. <mask> also reportedly worked as a circus magician, or a merchant seaman, before purportedly traveling to Egypt. He never received a formal education, but at some point came into contact with Eastern philosophy. In 2014, a

masks:
Timothy Drew
Noble Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Timothy Drew
. Drew Q
Drew
Drew Ali


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 completely different understanding of <mask>'s early life was presented with the publication of an article in the online Journal of Race Ethnicity and Religion. The article presented newly compiled evidence, including census records, newspaper ads, newspaper articles, a World War I draft card, and street directory records, to link <mask> <mask> to one "<mask>," who was born on the same date as "<mask>" but originated from Virginia instead. Religious formation
<mask> reported that during his travels in Egypt, he met a high priest of Egyptian magic. In one version of <mask>'s biography, the leader saw him as a reincarnation of the founder.In others, he claims that the priest considered him a reincarnation of Jesus, the Buddha, Muhammad and other religious prophets. According to the biography, the high priest trained <mask> in mysticism and gave him a "lost section" of the Quran. This text came to be known as the Holy Koran of the Moorish Science Temple of America (not to be confused with the Islamic Quran). It is also known as the "Circle Seven Koran" because of its cover, which features a red "7" surrounded by a blue circle. The first 19 chapters are from The Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ, published in 1908 by esoteric Ohio preacher Levi Dowling. In The Aquarian Gospel, Dowling described Jesus's supposed travels in India, Egypt, and Palestine during the years of his life which are not accounted for by the New Testament. Chapters 20 through 45 are borrowed from the Rosicrucian work, Unto Thee I Grant, with minor changes

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Noble Drew
Ali
Thomas Drew
Timothy Drew
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Ali


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 in style and wording.They are instructions on how to live, and the education and duties of adherents. <mask> wrote the last four chapters of the Circle Seven Koran himself. In these he wrote:

<mask> used this material to claim Jesus and his followers were Asiatic. ("Asiatic" was the term <mask> used for all dark or olive-colored people); he labeled whites as European, although he labeled whites who became a part of the MSTA as "Persians" or "Celts". He suggested that all Asiatics should be allied. <mask> believed that African Americans were all Moors, who he claimed were descended from the ancient Moabites (describing them as belonging to Northwest Africa as opposed to Moab as the name suggests). He claimed that Islam and its teachings are more beneficial to their earthly salvation, and that their 'true nature' had been 'withheld' from them.Male members of the Temple wear a fez or turban as head covering; women wear a turban. As <mask> began urging the "Moorish-Americans" to become better citizens, he made speeches like, "A Divine Warning By the Prophet for the Nations", in which he urged them to reject derogatory labels, such as "Black," "colored," and "Negro." He urged Americans of all races to reject hate and embrace love. He believed that Chicago would become a second Mecca. <mask> crafted Moorish Science ideology from a variety of sources, a "network of alternative spiritualities that focused on the power of the individual to bring about personal transformation through mystical knowledge of the divine within". In the

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Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali


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 interwar period in Chicago and other major cities, he used these concepts to preach Moorish pride. His approach appealed to thousands of African Americans who had left severely oppressive conditions in the South through the Great Migration and faced struggles adapting in new urban environments.Founding the Moorish Science Temple

It is possible that <mask> did actually travel to Egypt and Morocco, but historians believe that after leaving North Carolina, he moved to Newark, New Jersey, where he worked as a train expressman. In 1913, <mask> formed the Canaanite Temple in Newark. <mask> and his followers migrated, while planting congregations in Philadelphia; Washington, D.C., and Detroit. Finally, <mask> settled in Chicago in 1925, saying the Midwest was "closer to Islam." The following year he officially registered Temple No. 9. There he instructed followers not to be confrontational but to build up their people to be respected.In this way, they might take their place in the United States of America by developing a cultural identity that was congruent with <mask>'s beliefs on personhood. In the late 1920s, journalists estimated the Moorish Science Temple had 35,000 members in 17 temples in cities across the Midwest and upper South. The ushers of the Temple wore black fezzes. The leader of a particular temple was known as a Grand Sheik, or Governor. <mask> <mask> was known to have had several wives. According to The Chicago Defender, he claimed the power to marry and divorce at will. The Moorish Science movement was

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Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Noble Drew
Ali


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 reportedly studied and watched by the Chicago police.<mask> attended the 1929 inauguration of Illinois Governor Louis Lincoln Emmerson. The Chicago Defender stated that his trip included "interviews with many distinguished citizens from Chicago, who greeted him on every hand." With the growth in its population and membership, Chicago was established as the center of the Moorish Science movement. Internal split and murder
In early 1929, following a conflict over funds, Claude Green-Bey, the business manager of Chicago Temple No. 1 split from the Moorish Science Temple of America. He declared himself Grand Sheik and took a number of members with him. On March 15, Green-Bey was stabbed to death at the Unity Hall of the Moorish Science Temple, on Indiana Avenue in Chicago.<mask> was out of town at the time, as he was dealing with former Supreme Grand Governor Lomax-Bey (professor Ezaldine Muhammad), who had supported Green-Bey's attempted coup. When <mask> returned to Chicago, the police arrested him and other members of the community on suspicion of having instigated the killing. No indictment was sworn for <mask> at that time. Death
Shortly after his release by the police, <mask> died at age 43 at his home in Chicago on July 20, 1929. Although the exact circumstances of his death are unknown, the Certificate of Death stated that <mask> <mask> died from "tuberculosis broncho-pneumonia". Despite the official report, many of his followers speculated that his death was caused by injuries from the police or from other members of


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 the faith. Others thought it was due to pneumonia.One Moor told The Chicago Defender that "The Prophet was not ill; his work was done and he laid his head upon the lap of one of his followers and passed out." His funeral took place on July 25, 1929, with hundreds attending. The services were held at the Pythian Temple in Chicago, followed by the burial at Burr Oak Cemetery in nearby Alsip. The death of <mask> brought out a number of candidates who vied to succeed him. Edward Mealy El stated that he had been declared <mask>'s successor by <mask> himself, while John Givens-El, <mask>'s chauffeur, declared that he was <mask> reincarnated. However, the governors of the Moorish Science Temple of America declared Charles Kirkman-Bey to be the successor to <mask> and named him Grand Advisor. Legacy
Wallace Fard Muhammad, the founder of Nation of Islam, was previously a prominent member of the Moorish Science Temple of America, where he was known as David Ford-El.After <mask>'s death, he claimed to be the Prophet reincarnated. When his leadership was largely rejected, he broke away from the Moorish Science Temple, moved to Detroit, and founded the Nation of Islam. Nation of Islam leaders denied any historical connection to the Moorish Science Temple of America, until February 26, 2014, when Louis Farrakhan acknowledged <mask> <mask>'s contribution to the Nation of Islam. In 1986, the Moroccan Ambassador to the United States officially recognized the Moorish Science Temple's Islamic linkage to Morocco through <mask>. See also
 Islam

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Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Noble Drew
Ali
Drew Ali


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 in the United States
 Liberation theology
 Malcolm X
 Elijah Muhammad
 Religion of black Americans

Notes and references

Notes

References
 <mask>, <mask> <mask> (1928), Holy Koran of the Moorish Science Temple of America
 Abdat, Fathie <mask> (2014) "Before the Fez- Life and Times of <mask> 1886–1924", Journal of Race, Ethnicity and Religion, 5: 1–39. Abu Shouk, Ahmed I. (1997) "A Sudanese Missionary to the United States", Sudanic Africa, 9:137–191.Ahlstrom, Sydney E. (2004) A Religious History of the American People, 2nd ed., Yale University Press, . Blakemore, Jerome; Yolanda Mayo; Glenda Blakemore (2006) "African-American and Other Street Gangs: A Quest of Identity (Revisted)", Human Behavior in the Social Environment from an African-American Perspective,  Letha A. See, ed., The Haworth Press . Chicago Defender (1929) "<mask>, 'Prophet' of Moorish Cult, Dies Suddenly", July 27, 1929, page 1. Chicago Tribune (May 1929) "Cult Head Took Too Much Power, Witnesses Say", May 14, 1929. Chicago Tribune (September 1929) "Seize 60 After So. Side Cult Tragedy", September 26, 1929, p. 1.Gale Group, "<mask>", Religious Leaders of America, 2nd ed., 1999, Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Thomson Gale, 2007. Gardell, Mattias (1996) In the Name of Elijah Muhammad. Duke University Press, . Gomez, Michael A. (2005) Black Crescent: The Experience and Legacy of African Muslims in the Americas, Cambridge University Press, . Hamm, Mark S.  (2007)  Terrorist Recruitment in American Correctional Institutions: An Exploratory

masks:
Ali
Noble Prophet
Drew
Ali
Drew Ali
Drew Ali
Timothy Drew


texts: Study of Non-Traditional Faith Groups Final Report, U.S. Department of Justice, December 2007, Document No.: 220957. The Hartford Courant  (1930) "Religious Cult Head Sentenced For Murder", April 19, 1930, p. 20. Lippy, Charles H. (2006)  Faith in America: Changes, Challenges, New Directions, Praeger Publishers, . Main, Frank (2006) Chicago Sun-Times, June 25, 2006, p. A03. McCloud, Aminah (1994) African American Islam, Routledge. Miyakawa, Felicia M. (2005) Five Percenter Rap: God Hop's Music, Message, and Black Muslim Mission, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana, . Nance, Susan.(2002) "Respectability and Representation: The Moorish Science Temple, Morocco and Black Public Culture in 1920s Chicago", American Quarterly 54, no. 4 (December): 623–659. Nash, Jay Robert (1993) World Encyclopedia of Organized Crime, Da Capo Press, . Nashashibi, Rami (2007) "The Blackstone Legacy, Islam, and the Rise of Ghetto Cosmopolitanism", Souls, Volume 9, Issue 2 April 2007, pages 123–131. Paghdiwala, Tasneem (2007), "The Aging of the Moors", Chicago Reader, November 15, 2007, Vol 37 No 8. Perkins, William Eric (1996) Droppin' Science: Critical Essays on Rap Music and Hip Hop Culture, Temple University Press. Prashad, Vijay (2002) Everybody Was Kung Fu Fighting: Afro-Asian Connections and the Myth of Cultural Purity, Beacon Press, .Scopino Jr., A. J. (2001) "Moorish Science Temple of America", in Organizing Black America: An Encyclopedia of African American Associations, Nina Mjagkij, ed., Garland Publishing, p. 346. Shipp, E.R.


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 (1985) "Chicago Gang Sues to Be Recognized as Religion", New York Times, Dec 27, 1985, p. A14. Turner, Richard Brent (2003) Islam in the African-American Experience, Indiana University Press, . The Washington Post (1929), "Three Deaths Laid to Fanatical Plot", September 27, 1929, p. 2. Wilson, Peter Lamborn (1993) Sacred Drift: Essays on the Margins of Islam, City Lights Books, .Place of birth unknown
1886 births
1929 deaths
19th-century African-American activists

19th-century Islamic religious leaders

20th-century African-American activists
20th-century deaths from tuberculosis
20th-century Islamic religious leaders

Activists from North Carolina
Activists from New Jersey
Activists from Illinois
African-American Muslims
African-American religious leaders
American circus performers
American Muslim activists
American railroaders
Burials at Burr Oak Cemetery
Converts to Islam
Deaths from bronchopneumonia
Founders of new religious movements
Members of the Moorish Science Temple of America
Moorish Science Temple of America
People from North Carolina
Religion in Chicago
Religion in Newark, New Jersey
Tuberculosis deaths in Illinois
Deaths from pneumonia in


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<mask> (),  is a Lebanese politician and MP since July 2005 from the Bcharri district. She is also a member of the executive committee of the Lebanese Forces, headed by her husband, <mask>. She contributed greatly to the management of the Lebanese Forces Party during <mask>'s Arrest between 1994 and 2005. Early life
<mask> is from a prominent Maronite Lebanese Tawk family that owned businesses in West Africa (Ghana). Her political activism began while at the Lebanese American University (LAU)  and it led to meeting the leader of the Lebanese Forces (LF), <mask>, whom she married in 1991. She earned a BS in political science in 1994. Political career
In 1994, the Syrian occupation of Lebanon led to the banning of the Lebanese Forces party and the imprisonment of its leader <mask>.Following the political ban, MP <mask> <mask> took charge as Chairwoman of the party and sustained the link between the party's supporters and their imprisoned leader. In 1998, after four years of forced political inactivity, the Lebanese Forces party, supervised by MP <mask> <mask>, scored an impressive victory in the municipal and "mukhtar" elections. Lebanese Forces candidates built subtle alliances and benefited from the efficiency and strong discipline of its members. They won nearly 300 municipal seats in the five "Muhafazas", dominating more than 30 municipal councils. The same year witnessed the first encounter between MP <mask> <mask> and Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri. In 2001, MP <mask> <mask> joined the Qornet Shehwan Gathering, a political organization founded on 30 April 2001 by a total of 29 individuals, representing political parties and civic organizations, as well as independents, with the blessing of the Maronite Patriarch Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir. In August 2021, the

masks:
Sethrida Tawk Geagea
Samir Geagea
Samir Geagea
Sethrida Geagea
Samir Geagea
Samir Geagea
Sethrida
Geagea
Sethrida
Geagea
Sethrida
Geagea
Sethrida
Geagea


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 reconciliation of the Jabal took place through an initiative by Maronite Patriarch Nasrallah Butros Sfeir, in which the Christians and Druze sects put behind them the political differences and the thousands of deaths in the Chouf and Mount Lebanon.As commemoration of the historic reconciliation, MP <mask> <mask> led the preparations and the ceremonies of welcoming the Patriarch in multiple Christian villages and towns, a celebration that lasted for 2 days. In November 2003, following the reconciliation of the Jabal, MP <mask> <mask> visited Al Barouk Area to offer condolences after the passing away of the Druze Sheikh Abou Hassan Aref Halawi. In December 2004, MP <mask> <mask> pushed forward a parliamentary pardon bill for Lebanese Forces leader Dr. Samir <mask>, with the support of the Maronite Patriarch Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir. The patriarch, who has continuously called for Samir <mask>'s release, stated that he hoped the petition would lead to a complete conciliation in Lebanon, so that the Lebanese can start rebuilding their country. The end of 2004 witnessed prime minister Rafic Hariri and leader of the Progressive Socialist Party Walid Jumblatt signing the pardon bill, a political turning point that concluded in Jumblatt's visit to MP <mask> <mask>'s residence in Yasou El Malak. In the same year, MP <mask> <mask> joined the Bristol Gathering, the largest multi-sectarian opposition bloc in the history of Lebanon, which gave birth later on to the March 14 Movement, which led to the Syrian withdrawal from Lebanon after the assassination of Prime Minister Rafic Hariri on the 14th of February 2005. Cedars International Festival
In June 2015, MP <mask> <mask> relaunched the Cedars International Festival (CIF) after almost half a century of inactivity.The festival, held

masks: Sethrida Geagea Sethrida Geagea Sethrida Geagea Geagea Geagea Sethrida Geagea Sethrida Geagea Sethrida Geagea


texts: since 1964, was interrupted in the early seventies due to the circumstances that were controlling Lebanon at that time. The first year's edition, themed “Language of the Spirit”, featured renowned local artists including Wael Kfoury, Elissa, Najwa Karam, Joseph Attieh, Michel Fadel, Abir Nehme & the Notre Dame University Choir led by Father Khalil Rahme, the Mafi Metlo comedy show and rap group Mn el-Ekher. In 2016, the second year's festival paid tribute to Bsharri's legendary philosopher Gibran Khalil Gibran. In her opening speech, MP <mask> <mask> renewed determination to entrench the Lebanese further in their land and their nation. The event opened with an orchestral performance by Lebanese iconic singer Majida El Roumi, followed by a concert featuring Lebanese superstars Nancy Ajram and Assi El Hallani and closed with a two-night dancing performance by the internationally acclaimed Caracalla Dance Theatre. The 2017 edition was a tribute to the Cedar tree of Lebanon, the country's national symbol. During the opening ceremony attended by the Maronite Catholic Patriarch of Antioch Moran Mor Bechara Boutros al-Rahi, MP <mask> Geagea greeted the Lebanese Cedar tree from Bsharri to Barouk, Jaj, Tannourine and every spot on the Lebanese soil.The event opened with a 3D mapping show followed by an orchestral operetta featuring twelve of Lebanon's biggest singers. The operetta, written by poet Nizar Francis and composed by Michel Fadel, was performed by Walid Toufic, Ghassan Saliba, Najwa Karam, Nancy Ajram, Moeen Charif, Melhem Zein, Abir Nehme, Joseph Attieh, Ramy Ayach, Zein El Omr, Tania Kassis and Eliya Francis. The third edition closed with a performance by Lebanese soprano Hiba Tawaji, orchestrated by Oussama Rahbani, directed by Marwan Rahbani and included 120

masks: Sethrida Geagea Sethrida


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 musicians, dancers and artists. In 2018, the Cedars International Festival opened with a historical concert by world sensation Shakira, part of her El Dorado world tour. The concert, attended by thousands of fans, was highlighted by Shakira's speech, where she said she was proud to be singing in the land of her grandparents. This festival's edition, tributed by MP <mask> Geagea to five Lebanse World Heritage sites (Kadisha Valley & Forest of the Cedars of God, Tyre, Byblos, Baalbek, Anjar)  marked the return of legendary singer Majida El Roumi to the CIF in a performance that included a 3D-enabled operetta entitled “Hal Arz Min Talo”. The operetta, featuring 80 professional dancers, 70 orchestral musicians and 60 choir singers, was written by poet Nizar Francis, composed by Joseph Khalife, arranged by Marc Abou Naoum and led by maestro Lubnan Baalbaki.In 2019, the Cedars International Festival opened with an orchestral performance by the renowned genre-bursting Italian tenor and multi-instrumentalist Andrea Bocelli. The concert, featuring MP <mask> <mask> presenting Bocelli with an 18-karat gold medal, was sold out in less than two days. In this struggle-themed edition of the festival, MP <mask> <mask> said “The struggle of the Lebanese people in their country on the human, social and livelihood levels ... because in our beloved homeland we all share a state of daily struggle, the citizen’s struggle to stay and survive and live with dignity.”  The festival concluded with Smile Lebanon, a play performed by Lebanon's biggest names in comedy. Cedar’s Mountain Foundation
In June 2007, MP <mask> <mask> founded Cedar's Mountain Foundation (CMF), a non profit, non-governmental organization, dedicated to sustainable development of Bsharri caza on multiple levels (economic,

masks: Sethrida Sethrida Geagea Sethrida Geagea Sethrida Geagea


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 social, agricultural, educational, environmental). The construction of Dbayeh-located Student's House was completed in April 2018. It's a $16 million, 6,500 m2 student housing project, consisting of 121 rooms and multiple high-end amenities. In April 2020, CMF's president MP <mask> <mask> announced in a press conference the kickoff of the finalization of Bsharri's governmental hospital.The Antoine Al-Khoury Malakeh Tawk governmental hospital launch has been possible thanks to the agreement signed between CMF and "Abniah" construction company. Donations from good-will and generous individuals and entities, some desiring to remain undisclosed, amounted to US$1,200,000 and LBP 50,000,000. The initial launch cost has been cut by approximately US$710,000, thus reducing the amount from US$3,057,000 to US$2,346,000, thanks to MP <mask>'s efforts and solid public ties. In July 2020, Cedar's Mountain Foundation announced the restoration of 4 ancient sites in the Valley of the Saints, also known as the Valley of Qannoubine or the Valley of Kadisha. The achievement was celebrated in an event under the patronage of the Maronite Catholic Patriarch of Antioch Moran Mor Bechara Boutros al-Rahi, who toured the heritage sites in the Kadisha Valley alongside MP <mask> <mask>. “We will not leave our land and we will remain in Lebanon for which we have made the most precious sacrifices”, said MP <mask> while announcing the launching of world-class religious tourism. See also
Lebanese Forces
Samir Geagea
List of Lebanese Forces Deputies in the Lebanese Parliament

References

1967 births
Living people
Members of the Parliament of Lebanon
Lebanese socialites
People from Bsharri
Lebanese Forces politicians
Lebanese Maronites
21st-century Lebanese women politicians
Lebanese American

masks: Sethrida Geagea Geagea Sethrida Geagea Geagea


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<mask> (born 12 December 1991) is an Australian former cyclist who competed on the track with Cycling Australia's High Performance Unit (HPU). She also competed on the road for the  team between 2015 and 2018. Her greatest successes were the three gold medals she won at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships in the omnium and team pursuit, a competition in which she also secured further silver medals in the omnium (2012) and team pursuit (2012 and 2013). Edmondson also competed in the London 2012 Olympics, securing a bronze medal for Australia in the women's Omnium and finishing in fourth place in the Team pursuit. At the 2014 Commonwealth Games she claimed a silver in the individual pursuit and a gold in the scratch race, her first gold medal at an international level and her first Commonwealth title. In addition, she has competed at the National Track Championships with gold medal results at an elite level since 2012 in multiple disciplines. Early life
<mask> was born in Adelaide, but due to her parents' careers at Royal Dutch Shell, she spent the early part of her childhood living in Malaysia, Oman and the Netherlands.However, when she was six, the family returned to her father's native land of Australia. She attended the Victor Harbor Primary School, south of Adelaide, South Australia, later moving to St John's Grammar School in the Adelaide Hills where she took up numerous pursuits, including soccer and athletics. Career
When she was 13, the South Australian Sports Institute visited her school and she was identified as having the

masks:
Annette Edmondson
Edmondson


texts: physical attributes to have a potential career in cycling. After a year in the Talent Search Program, her first major win came at the 2006 National Junior Track Championships where she won two bronze medals in the Under 17 500m Time Trial and Sprint. From that point, she began to specialise in sprint cycling and as a junior won sprint events at a National and Oceania level. In 2010, she took part in her first elite level National Championships finishing with silvers in the Team sprint, Keirin and 500m TT as well as a bronze in the Individual sprint. However, Edmondson began to lose interest in the sport and took a break from cycling.In spite of her doubt, she returned to training just four months later, but she wanted a change and therefore made the switch from sprint to endurance cycling. Eight months later, she had successfully made the switch by becoming the Australian Omnium and Scratch Race champion. Her first World Championships came in 2012 at the UCI World Championships in Melbourne in which she achieved silver in both the Omnium and Team Pursuit. These results helped her secure a place in the 2012 Australian Olympic Team. In London, she took part in two events of the Olympic Track Cycling Schedule. In the Team Pursuit, the Australian squad secured 4th place, missing out on the bronze medal. It was her effort and performance in the 6 events of the Omnium which resulted in her claiming the bronze medal.After the Olympics, in 2013, she signed a professional road contract with Orica-AIS, in her first season with the team, she secured a


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 major victory taking 1st overall in the Tour of Chongming Island. Her and teammates took 3rd in the 2013 World Road Race Championships TTT in Florence, Italy. At the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, <mask> claimed a silver in the Individual Pursuit along with fellow athlete Amy Cure who took a bronze in the event. On the 3rd day of competition (26 July 2014), Edmondson took part in the 10 km Scratch Race, where she raced to victory taking her 1st Commonwealth Games Gold Medal and again fellow athlete Amy Cure also succeeded coming out with a silver medal from the event. On 22 October 2014,  announced that <mask> had signed with the team for the 2015 season, where she remained until the team disbanded at the end of the 2018 season. Edmondson qualified for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. She was a member of the Women's pursuit team.The team consisting of Ashlee Ankudinoff, Georgia Baker, <mask>, Alexandra Manly, Maeve Plouffe finished fifth. Edmondson retired from competition after the conclusion of the 2021 UCI Track Champions League in December of that year, having finished third in the women's endurance standings. Personal life
Edmondson has also had an interest in charity work from a young age. Her first recognition of her work came in 2007 in which she became "Make Indigenous Poverty History Youth Ambassador for SA". Since then, she has made personal visits to deprived areas, such as parts of Indonesia to give up her time as volunteer. She is fluent in Indonesian. Edmondson has two brothers; her younger brother <mask> is also a professional

masks:
Edmondson
Edmondson
Annette Edmondson
Alex Edmondson


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<mask> (April 9, 1899 – November 9, 1980) was an American actress who achieved her greatest successes in silent film. Early life
<mask> was born in San Francisco, the daughter of <mask>, a Russian-Jewish rabbi who was born in Russia but raised in Australia, and <mask>, an Austrian-Jew. She had an older brother, Zion, and she was a cousin of director Mark Sandrich and photographer Ruth Harriet Louise. <mask>'s father was active in campaigns for women's suffrage, abolition of capital punishment, and zionism. He also was a noted scholar. The family moved to Los Angeles in 1905. <mask> attended Los Angeles High School but left after D. W. Griffith gave her bit part in the film Intolerance (1916), for which her father was an unpaid consultant.She continued her education at a school for young actors. <mask> helped her brother become a writer and director in Hollywood. Career

Silent film and theater

<mask> left for New York City, where she acted mainly in theater for the next two years. She was signed by Universal, where she emerged as a popular actress in vamp roles. Her most popular film from this period—which does not feature her in a vamp role—is probably the romantic comedy All Night, opposite Rudolph Valentino, who was then a little-known actor. She also worked with him in A Society Sensation. By 1924, she was working for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, making such films as Broadway After Dark, which also starred Adolphe Menjou, Norma Shearer, and Anna Q. Nilsson.In 1925, she appeared in arguably her most famous role, that of the Egyptian vamp Iras in Ben-Hur, who tries to seduce both Messala (Francis X.

masks:
Carmel Myers
Myers
Isidore Myers
Anna Jacobson Myers
Carmel
Myers
Myers
Myers


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 Bushman) and Ben-Hur himself (Ramón Novarro). This film was a boost to her career, and she appeared in major roles throughout the 1920s, including Tell It to the Marines in 1926 with Lon Chaney, Sr., William Haines, and Eleanor Boardman. <mask> appeared in Four Walls and Dream of Love, both with Joan Crawford in 1928; and in The Show of Shows (1929), a showcase of popular contemporary film actors. Sound films, radio, and television

<mask> had a fairly successful sound career, mostly in supporting roles, perhaps due to her image as a vamp rather than as a sympathetic heroine. Subsequently, she began giving more attention to her private life following the birth of her son in May 1932. Amongst her popular sound films are Svengali (1931) and The Mad Genius (1931), both with John Barrymore and Marian Marsh, and a small role in 1944's The Conspirators, which featured Paul Henreid, Peter Lorre, and Sydney Greenstreet. In 1939, <mask> performed for 13 weeks on the Resinol radio program that was broadcast twice weekly from station KHJ and carried on the Don Lee Network.In 1951, <mask> had a celebrity interview TV program, The <mask> Myers Show, on ABC. In 1952, she formed Carmel Myers Productions, a firm for producing radio and TV programs. The company's productions included Mark Hellinger Tales, a transcribed series of 30-minute radio dramas with Edward Arnold as narrator and Cradle of Stars, a 30-minute filmed TV series with Gregory Ratoff as director and star. Later, she focused on a career in real estate and her perfume distribution company. In 1976, <mask> was one of the very few silent stars who

masks: Myers Myers Myers Myers Carmel Myers


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 were cast in Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved Hollywood, a comedy featuring cameos by dozens of Hollywood stars of the past. Book
In 1952, Doubleday & Company published Don't Think About It, a 64-page book by <mask>. Based on her experiences following the death of her husband, the book related her philosophy for emotional survival after a person has a tragedy in his or her life.Personal life

<mask> married attorney and song writer Isidore "I.B." Kornblum on July 16, 1919; they divorced in 1923. <mask> and attorney Ralph H. Blum married on June 9, 1929, and had three children: author Ralph H. Blum (born 1932), known for his works on divination through Norse runes, and two adopted daughters, actress and radio personality Susan Adams Kennedy (born 1940) and television producer Mary Cossette (born 1941). <mask> and Blum purchased Gloria Swanson's Sunset Boulevard home. On October 30, 1951, <mask> married Paramount Pictures executive Alfred W. Schwalberg in Brooklyn. They were married until his death in 1974. Death
<mask> died of a heart attack on November 9, 1980, in Los Angeles Medical Center at the age of 81.She was buried near her parents at Home of Peace Cemetery in East Los Angeles. Her epitaph reads "L'Chaim", which in English translates to "To life". Partial filmography

 Georgia Pearce (1915)
 Intolerance (1916) as Favorite of the Harem (uncredited)
 The Heiress at Coffee Dan's (1916) as Waitress (uncredited)
 The Bad Boy (1917) as Bit Role (uncredited)
 Stage Struck (1917) as Bit Role (uncredited)
 A Love Sublime (1917) as Toinette
 A Daughter of the Poor (1917) as Hazel Fleming
 Might and

masks: Myers Myers Myers Myers Myers Myers


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 the Man (1917) as Winifred
 The Haunted Pajamas (1917) as Frances Kirkland
 Sirens of the Sea (1917) as Julie
 The Lash of Power (1917) as Marion Sherwood
 My Unmarried Wife (1918) as Mary Cunningham
 The Wife He Bought (1918) as Janice Brieson
 The Girl in the Dark (1918) as Lois Fox
 The Wine Girl (1918) as Bona
 The Marriage Lie (1918) as Eileen Orton
 A Broadway Scandal (1918) as Nenette Bisson
 The City of Tears (1918) as Rosa Carillo
 The Dream Lady (1918) as Rosamond Gilbert
 A Society Sensation (1918, short) as Sydney Parmelee
 All Night (1918) as Elizabeth Lane
 Who Will Marry Me? (1919) as Rosie Sanguinetti
 The Little White Savage (1919) as Minnie Lee
 In Folly's Trail (1920) as Lita O'Farrell
 The Gilded Dream (1920) as Leona
 Beautifully Trimmed (1920) as Norine Lawton
 The Mad Marriage (1921) as Jane Judd
 The Dangerous Moment (1921) as Sylvia Palprini
 Cheated Love (1921) as Sonya Schonema
 The Kiss (1921) as Erolinda Vargas
 Breaking Through (1921) as Bettina Lowden
 A Daughter of the Law (1921) as Nora Hayes
 The Love Gambler (1922) as Jean McClelland
 The Danger Point (1922) as Alice Torrance
 The Last Hour (1923) as Saidee McCall
 The Famous Mrs. Fair (1923) as Angy Brice
 Good-By


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<mask> is an Indian politician from the state of Haryana. He has formed his own party Haryana Democratic Front. He is the member of the Indian National Congress. He was member of the Haryana Legislative Assembly for the years 1982, 1991, 1996 and 2005 from Naggal constituency. He was the revenue minister of the state of Haryana. He was the first Haryana leader to raise the issue of discrimination in jobs, development and funding shown towards North-Haryana. To highlight this he held two mega-rallies in the historic grounds of Kurukshetra, Haryana.First one was ‘HISAAB LAGAO RALLY’ in year 2002 and was followed by a second mega rally as ‘HISAAB CHUKAO RALLY’ in year 2004, which saw massive participation from public and leadership alike from across Haryana. Fondly addressed as ‘Pradhan Ji’, he presently holds the office of President of Distt. Congress Committee (Rural). Political career

After Sanjay Gandhi’s demise, <mask> <mask> came to work closely with Rajiv Gandhi. In 1976 he was appointed Block Youth Congress President and progressed to being appointed General Secretary of Pradesh Youth Congress, Haryana in 1980. He served as President State Youth Congress from August 1982-89 for 7 straight years, which is a record in itself. Fifteen members of Youth Congress under his mentorship are now state level leaders across Haryana.In 1982, he became the youngest person to be elected as MLA from Naggal Constituency, Haryana. In 1986, he became the youngest minister in Haryana Cabinet with the Dual charge of President, State Youth Congress. Between 1987-89, he was General Secretary Haryana Pradesh Youth Congress Committee with dual charge of Youth Congress President. During 1983, he was a Member of India’s first political Youth delegation to China after war. In 1985, he accompanied Late Sh. Rajiv Gandhi ji on his first visit to U.S.A after being appointed Prime Minister of India. In 1986, at the age of 33, he became the youngest Minister to be a part of the Haryana Cabinet along with dual charge of Youth

masks:
Nirmal Singh
Nirmal
Singh


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 Congress President, Haryana.He has been elected MLA 4 times from Naggal constituency in his career and held the office of Minister of State for Animal Husbandry, PWD and Revenue at different times. He suffered a major set back in October, 1994 when he was implicated in a murder investigation. He resigned from his position as Minister of State for Revenue and was put behind bars for the next two and half years, without bail, pending trial. He contested the next election in 1996 from behind bars as an independent candidate and won with all the other contestants forfeiting their deposits. He was honorably acquitted of all charges in February, 1997. He re-joined Congress in 1999 under the presence of Sh. Ahmad Patel ji.He contested again from the same seat in 2000 and 2005 on Congress ticket. Elections of 2009 saw his old constituency dissolved under delimitation and he was given a new constituency, Ambala Cantt, to contest from. He lost the election despite of getting 43% of total polled votes in the new area. He was the first Haryana leader to raise the issue of discrimination in jobs, development and funding shown towards North-Haryana. To highlight this he held two mega-rallies in the historic grounds of Kurukshetra, Haryana. First one was ‘HISAAB LAGAO RALLY’ in year 2002 and was followed by a second mega rally as ‘HISAAB CHUKAO RALLY’ in year 2004, which saw massive participation from public and leadership alike from across Haryana. Fondly addressed as ‘Pradhan ji’, he presently holds the office of President of Distt.Congress Committee (Rural). Current he is serving as VICE PRESIDENT of Haryana Pradesh Congress Committee and Coordinator of Himachal Pradesh Congress Committee. Vision for Politics

He is a grass root leader who has built his career on a solid foundation of committed relationships and impeccable conduct. A peoples man, he believes people should get the space and to voice their thoughts and exercise their rights whether its in organization or society. He has a reputation for being


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 extremely approachable, very forthcoming and instant with the help he can offer and straightforward when he cannot do so. A man committed to his word, he has stayed away from ever promising falsely or leading people on with false assurances. In matters of state politics, he was the first man to put North Haryana on the political map of state by building and activating cadres in this region.He raised the matter of leaders being sent to this area from other parts of state to contest elections and thereby killing any local leadership which would have deeper and more solid roots in the area. He truly believes in leadership by the people and for the people in its truest sense. His method of functioning relies on local teams and booth committees being major partners in all decisions concerning development for any area. Positions Held

1974:Joined Youth Congress under the leadership of late Shri.Sanjay Gandhi. At that time Ambika Soni was the president of IYC. 1976:Appointed Block Youth Congress President under Ghulam Nabi Azad (IYC President). 1978:Appointed District President Youth Congress, Ambala.1980:Appointed General Secretary of Pradesh Youth Congress, Haryana. 1982:First time elected as M.L.A from Naggal Constituency, Ambala, Haryana

1982-89:Served as President State Youth Congress from August 1982 for 7 years. During this time Sh. G.N. Azad, Tariq Anwar, Anand Sharma, Mukul Vasnik, Gurda Kumar & Ramesh Chennthala were respective Presidents I.Y.C. (Note: worked Under Oscar Fernandez, Harish Rawat& Bhola Pandey when they were general secretary in charge of Haryana youth congress.) 1983:Was a Member of India’s first political youth delegation to China after war.1985:Accompanied Late Sh.Rajiv Gandhi to U.S.A when he was the Prime minister of India. 1986:Joined Cabinet of Haryana CM Ch.Bansi Lal as State Minister with dual charge of Youth Congress President, Haryana. 1987-89:Became General Secretary Haryana Pradesh Youth Congress Committee with dual charge of Youth Congress President. 1991:Elected as


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 M.L.A for the 2nd time, Naggal Constituency, Ambala Haryana. 1991-93:Joined Cabinet of Haryana CM Ch.Bhajan Lal as Cabinet Minister. 1996:Elected as M.L.A for 3rd time from Naggal Constituency, Ambala, Haryana. 2005:Elected as M.L.A for 4th time, Naggal Constituency, Ambala, Haryana.2009:Lost Election from new constituency of Ambala Cantt. post delimitation of old constituency of Naggal. Got 43% of total polled votes. 2012:President of District. Congress Committee (Rural). 2014:Stood Second in Ambala Vidhan Sabha with Heavy Majority of 42% of total votes polled. 2015:Vice President of Haryana Pradesh Congress Committee.2017:President of District. Congress Committee (Rural) from the last 15 years. As philanthropist

A champion of poor and women empowerment, his house everyday sees help being extended to the poor girls' weddings, financial help for medical treatment and such to help people tide over a difficult spot. He is foremost in supporting children who are active and show potential in sports. It usually translates into him providing kits to children, additional awards in tournaments and going out of his way to get grants for traditional sports such as wrestling and Akhaaras. One of the activities he has actively pursued since his early days is to organize blood donation camps. First he organised blood donation camp in 1981 at Rukmani Devi Hall and collected 450 units which was record at that time.After that he again organised blood donation camp in 1985 at Village Pyarewala and collected 150 units. On the occasion of death anniversary of Rajiv Gandhi Ji he organised blood donation camp at Congrees Bhawan, Ambala Cantt in 2001. Recently on Kargil Vijay Diwas, he again organized a blood donation camp inviting all of Ambala to participate. Highlight of the event was that Military Hospital team itself came and collected units to be used for the armed forces besides a total of 201 units being donated that day. References

Living people
Indian National Congress politicians
Haryana MLAs 1996–2000
1953