texts: INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals During the Shah's rule, the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran Return to Iran was not allowed to return to Iran. The Shah left the country for medical treatment on January 16, 1979 and never came back. Two weeks later, on Thursday, 1 February 1979 the leader of the Islamic Revolution of Iran returned to his country and was welcomed by a crowd estimated to be five million people.120 journalists, including three women, were with him on his Air France flight back to Tehran. One of the journalists asked ifyatollah would be so kind as to tell them how he feels about being back in Iran. The answer was "hichi" (nothing) given by Sadegh Ghotbzadeh. He considered this statement to be reflective of his mystical beliefs and non-attachment to ego. Iranians who hoped he would be a "mainstream nationalist leader" were warned that they were in for disappointment. It was a reflection of an unfeeling leader incapable or unconcerned with understanding the thoughts, beliefs, or needs of the Iranian populace. He promised to kick the teeth of the government.I make the government. On 11 February, <mask> appointed his own interim prime minister, Mehdi Bazargan, and demanded that he be obeyed. He warned that disobedience against him was considered a revolt against God. As the movement gained steam, soldiers began to defect to his side and he declared ill fortune on troops who did not surrender. As revolt spread and armories were taken over, the military declared neutrality and the regime collapsed. On 30 and 31 March 1979 a referendum to replace the monarchy with an Islamic Republic passed with 98% of the vote, with the question: "should the monarchy be abolished in favour of an Islamic Government?" While in Paris, <mask> had promised a democratic political system for Iran, but once in power, he advocated for the creation of theocracy.Establishing Islamic Revolutionary courts, replacing the military and police force, and placing Iran's top theologians and Islamic intellectuals in charge of writing theocratic constitutions were some of the steps taken by <mask> and his associates. The post of supreme Islamic clerical ruler was not included in the first constitution of the Islamic Republic. The Islamic government was defined by <mask> in his book Hokumat-e Islami: Velayat-e faqih (Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist), which was published while he was in exile in 1970. The idea ofvernance of the Jurist and the necessity of it in running an Islamic state were included in the book. The proposed constitution was re-written by <mask> and his supporters. Those protesting the closing of newspapers were attacked. The National Democratic Front and Muslim People's Republican Party were attacked and banned.The Assembly of Experts which revised the proposed constitution gained an overwhelming majority of seats thanks to popular support. The newly proposed constitution included an Islamic jurist Supreme Leader of the country and a Council of Guardians to veto un-Islamic legislation and screen candidates for office, disqualifying those found un-Islamic. The new constitution of the Islamic Republic was adopted in 1979. The leader of the revolution was instituted as the Supreme Leader of theGuardian Jurist. The first president of Iran was elected on February 4, 1980. Critics say that he went back on his word to advise rather than rule the country. On October 22, 1979 the United States admitted Shah for cancer treatment.The Shah's return to Iran for trial and execution was demanded by both the left and the right in Iran. On 4 November, a group of Iranian college students took control of the American Embassy in Tehran and held 52 embassy staff hostage for 444 days. In the United States, the hostage-taking was seen as a violation of international law and aroused intense anger and anti-Iranian sentiment. The seizure of the embassy of a country he called the "Great Satan" helped advance the cause of theocratic government and outflanked politicians and groups who emphasized stability and normalized relations with other countries. The president is said to have been told by <mask> that the action has many benefits. Our opponents are not going to act against us. We can hold presidential and parliamentary elections without difficulty.A month after the hostage crisis began, the new constitution was passed by referendum. The hostage crisis split the opposition into two groups, with radicals supporting it and moderates opposing it. The crisis continued even after the Shah died. The embassy in Iran was named a "Den of Espionage" due to the amount of official and classified documents found there. The export of his revolution throughout the world was supported by the relationship with Islamic and non-aligned countries. He believed Shia and Sunni Muslims should stand together against Western powers. The goal of the revolution is to establish the Islamic state world-wide.The birth week of Muhammad was declared the Unity week. The International Day of Quds was declared in 1981. Iraq is the only large state besides Iran with a Shia majority that is not involved in the Iran–Iraq War. At the same time Saddam Hussein, Iraq's secular Arab nationalist Ba'athist leader, was eager to take advantage of Iran's weakened military and (what he assumed was) revolutionary chaos, and in particular to occupy Iran's adjacent oil-rich province of Khuzestan. The Iran–Iraq War began in September 1980 after Iraq launched a full-scale invasion of Iran. Despite Saddam's use of poison gas, Iran regained almost all of the territory lost to the invasion, despite fierce resistance by Iranians and military incompetence by Iraqi forces. The invasion gave Iranians support for the new regime and allowed him to consolidate his leadership.After this reversal, <mask> refused an Iraqi offer of a truce, instead demanding the removal of Saddam Hussein from power. There was an attempted military coup in 1982. Iranian soldiers and militia were killed in the Iran–Iraq War. Although Iran's population and economy were three times the size of Iraq, the latter was aided by neighboring Persian Gulf Arab states, as well as the Soviet bloc and Western countries. The Persian Gulf Arabs and the West wanted to make sure the Islamic revolution didn't spread across the Persian Gulf, while the Soviet Union wanted to make sure it didn't pose a threat to its rule in central Asia. The United States provided large amounts of weaponry to Iran during the Shah's era and the United States illegally supplied arms to Iran during the 1980s. During the Iran–Iraq War, Iranians used human wave attacks on Iraq and promised that if they died in battle, they would go to paradise.By March 1984, two million of Iran's most educated citizens had left the country, as well as an estimated one and a half million that had fled Iran, victims of political executions, and hundreds of thousands of "martyrs" from the "human wave" attacks on Iraq. In July 1988, the United Nations brokered a truce between the warring parties. Despite the high cost of the war, including 450,000 to 950,000 Iranian casualties and US$300 billion, <mask> insisted that extending the war into Iraq in an attempt to overthrow Saddam had not been a mistake. He wrote that they do not repentance nor are they sorry for their performance during the war. Have we forgotten that we fought to fulfill our religious duty and that the result is a marginal issue? In an interview with Gareth Porter, the eight-year war time minister of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, Mohsen Rafighdoost, said that he had opposed his proposal for beginning work on both nuclear and chemical weapons by a fatwa which had never been made public. Rushdie fatwa was issued in 1989 and called for the assassination of Rushdie.Rushdie's book, The Satanic Verses, was published in 1988 and was accused of committing apostasy against Islam. The execution of Rushdie and all those involved in the publication of the book were required by the fatw. The Western world condemned the fatw because it violated the universal human rights of free speech and freedom of religion. The fatw was attacked for violating the rules of fiqh by not allowing the accused an opportunity to defend himself, and because even the most rigorous and extreme of the classical jurist only requires a Muslim to kill anyone who insults the Prophet in his hearing and in his presence. The fatwa was not revoked despite Rushdie publicly regretting the distress that publication has occasioned to sincere followers of Islam. Hitoshi Igarashi, the Japanese translator of Rushdie's book The Satanic Verses, was murdered and two other translators of the book survived assassination attempts. In a speech to a huge crowd after returning to Iran from exile, the leader of the Islamic regime promised a government that would represent the people of Iran and that the clergy would not interfere.He promised that no one should remain homeless in this country and that Iranians would have free telephone, heating, electricity, bus services and oil at their doorstep. The Islamic dress code was enforced for both men and women by the Islamic Revolutionary Guards and other Islamic groups. Men were forbidden to wear shorts and women were required to cover their hair. The practice of men and women swimming or sunbathing together was banned. The Islamic Cultural Revolution Islamized the Iranian educational curriculum at all levels. In July 1979 the broadcasting of music other than martial or religious was banned in Iran. Approximately the rest of his life, the ban lasted 10 years.Feminism, ethnic and religious minorities, liberals, and left-wingers were all moved quickly to be suppressed by the newly established regime. Women and child rights were supported by the female populace during the ousting of Shah and his subsequent return, advocating for mainstreaming of women into all spheres of life and even hypothesizing about a woman head of state. His stances on women's rights changed after he came back. Iran's divorce law was revoked due to the fact that it was invalid. Women's right to divorce is allowed by Islamic law. In Islamic law, rape by a spouse is not equivalent to rape or zina, and a woman must surrender to her husband for any pleasure. He revoked the divorce law just three weeks after taking power because he wanted to reverse the Shah's affinity for westernization.The minimum age of marriage was lowered to 15 for boys and 13 for girls, but the average age of women at marriage continued to increase. Laws were passed that made it impossible for women to divorce men and that adultery was the highest form of criminal offense. The image of Western women was reconstructed as a symbol of impiety because women were compelled to wear veils. In Islam, morality and modesty are seen as fundamental womanly qualities that need state protection, and concepts of individual gender rights are considered to be part of women's social rights. The ideal emulatable woman was Fatima. There was an effort to rehabilitate women into employment despite the religious orthodoxy. His regime increased female participation in healthcare, education and the workforce.The reception of women from his regime has been mixed. Some people were dismayed at the increasing Islamisation and concurrent degradation of women's rights, but others noticed more opportunities and mainstreaming of relatively conservative women. capital punishment was imposed on homosexuals after he became supreme leader. Between February and March, sixteen Iranians were executed for offenses related to sexual violations. The "Revolutionary Tribunals" were created by Khomeini. According to historian Ervand Abrahamian, the clerical courts were encouraged by Khomeini to continue implementing their version of the Shari'a. Drug addicts, prostitutes, homosexuals, rapists, and adulterers were executed as part of the campaign to "cleanse" the society."Khomeini claimed that 'homosexuals' had to be wiped out because they were parasites and corruptors of the nation by spreading the'stain of wickedness'," said author Arno Schmitt. The sickness of transsexuality was cured through surgery. In 1979 he said that the execution of homosexuals and prostitutes was reasonable in a moral civilization. The spiritual over the material is said to have been stressed by Khomeini. Six months after his first speech, he expressed exasperation with the complaints about the drop in Iran's standard of living. He asked if anyone could wish their child to be martyrs to get a good house. This isn't the issue.The issue is not the same as the other world. He answered a question about his economic policies by saying that economics is for donkeys. A wise person wouldn't sacrifice his children for affordable housing. People want everything for their children. It would be foolish for a human to spare his life in order to improve the economy. The sole infrastructure of the animal is its economy. A donkey considers the economy to be its only infrastructure.People don't realize what human being is. The inchoate performance of the Iranian economy since the revolution is explained by this disinterest in economic policy. Other factors include the long war with Iraq, the cost of which led to government debt and inflation, erosion of personal incomes, and ideological disagreement over the economy. Poverty increased by 45% during the first 6 years of <mask>'s rule due to the Iran–Iraq War. For the first time in the country's history, emigration from Iran developed. Two to four million entrepreneurs, professionals, technicians, and skilled craftspeople have migrated to other countries since the revolution and war with Iraq. The pro-imperialist opponents who are trying to bring corruption and destruction to our country in the name of democracy will be overthrown.They are worse than the Jews of Bani-Ghorizeh. God's call to prayer and God's order will allow us to oppress them. In 1983, the Central Intelligence Agency gave a list of Soviet KGB agents and their associates in Iran to the leader of the Communist Tudeh Party of Iran, who then executed up to 200 suspects. It's available online. Hundreds of former members of the overthrown monarchy and military met their ends in firing squad, with exiled critics complaining of "secrecy, vagueness of the charges, the absence of defense lawyers or juries" TheMarxists and socialists, mostly university students, opposed the theocratic regime in the later years. The Mojahedin and anyone who was violently

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texts: opposed to the government were declared "enemies of God" by Khomeini after the 1981 Hafte Tir bombing.After the People's Mujahedin of Iran's unsuccessful operation Forough-e Javidan against the Islamic Republic, Khomeini ordered judicial officials to kill every Iranian political prisoner. Around 30,000 of those who were questioned were killed. The prisoners were hanged from the cranes in half-hour intervals because of the large number. Zoroastrians, Jews, and Christians are protected by the government. Jews and other minorities were ordered to be treated well by Khomeini after he returned from exile. Zionism is a secular political party that uses Jewish symbols and ideals and Judaism as its religion, according to Khomeini. Senior government posts were reserved for Muslims.Muslim principals ran schools set up by Jews, Christians and Zoroastrians. If their siblings remain non- Muslim, converts were encouraged to inherit the entire share of their parents' estate. Iran's non- Muslim population has gone down. The Jewish population in Iran dropped from 80,000 to 30,000. The Zoroastrian population has decreased due to suffering from renewed persecution and the revived legal contrasts between a Muslim and Zoroastrian, which mirror the laws that Zoroastrians experienced under earlier Islamic regimes. The view that Zoroastrians are not clean has been renewed. Four of the 270 seats in parliament were reserved for non- Muslim minority religions.Sunni and Shi'a Muslims need to work together. 9% of the entire Muslim population in Iran are Sunni Muslims. The 300,000 members of the Bah Faith were treated differently. The Bah National Spiritual Assembly (NSA) and Local Spiritual Assemblies (LSAs) were targeted by the new government in the late 1980's and early 90's. Some 200 of them have been executed and the rest forced to become disabled. Bah was thought to be apostates by most conservative Muslims. After the Shah left Iran in 1979 a Kurdish delegation traveled to Qom to present the Kurds' demands to Khomeini.Language rights and a degree of political autonomy were included in their demands. The division of the Iranian nation was something that was unacceptable. There were many battles between Kurdish militia groups and the Revolutionary Guards. The referendum on the Islamic Republic was boycotted by most of the voters. Most of Iranian Kurdistan was put under martial law in September after additional attacks were ordered by Khomeini. His health declined several years prior to his death. After spending eleven days in Jamaran hospital, <mask> Khomeini died at the age of 89 just before midnight on June 3, 1989 after suffering five heart attacks in ten days.Ali Khamenei succeeded him as Supreme Leader. Fire trucks sprayed water on the crowds to cool them off after large numbers of Iranians took to the streets to mourn his death. At least 10 mourners were trampled to death, more than 400 were badly hurt and several thousand more were treated for injuries sustained in the ensuing pandemonium. 2 million people paid their respects as the body lay in state. The number of people who attended the funeral on 4 June ranged from 2.5 to 3.5 million. <mask>'s corpse was flown in by helicopter the next day for burial. <mask>'s funeral was delayed after a mob destroyed his wooden coffin in order to get a last glimpse of his corpse.In some cases, armed soldiers were forced to shoot warning shots in the air. The crowd ripped off pieces of the death shroud, trying to keep them as if they were holy relics, as <mask>'s body fell to the ground. The second funeral was held under much tighter security. In accordance with Islamic tradition, the steel casket was used to carry the body to the burial site. His son was buried next to him. The larger mausoleum complex has <mask>'s grave in it. The Assembly of Experts approved the candidacy of Grand Ayatollah Hussein-Ali Montazeri to be the next Supreme Leader in November 1985.The principle of velayat-e faqih and the Islamic constitution called for the Supreme Leader to be a marja, and of the dozen or so grand ayatollahs living in 1981 only Montazeri qualified as a potential Leader. The execution of Mehdi Hashemi in September 1987 on charges of counterrevolutionary activities was a blow to Ayatollah Montazeri. Montazeri called for freedom for political parties in 1989. Montazeri told Khomeini that his prisons were worse than those of the Shah and his SAVAK. After a letter of his complaints was leaked to Europe and broadcast on the BBC, a furious Khomeini ousted him from his position as official successor. His portraits were removed from mosques and offices. The Assembly for Revising the Constitution was called for to deal with the disqualification of the only suitable marja.The requirement that the Supreme Leader be a Marja was removed as a result of an amendment to Iran's constitution. In 1997 Grand Ayatollah Montazeri was put under house arrest for questioning what he regarded to be an unaccountable rule exercised by the supreme leader. People visit his mausoleum to listen to sermons and pray on his death day. According to one scholar, politics in the Islamic Republic of Iran are largely defined by attempts to claim <mask>'s legacy and that "staying faithful to his ideology has been the litmus test for all political activity" there. His views on governance evolved over time. Initially declaring rule by monarchs or others permissible so long asSharia law was followed, but later argued that only rule by a leading Islamic jurist would ensure thatSharia was properly followed. The leading Iranian Shi'i clergy of the time did not support the idea of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist.Many clerics became dissatisfied with the rule of the Shah and did not support the vision of a theocratic Islamic Republic. The Egyptian Jihadist ideologue Sayyid Qutb was an important source of influence. In 1984 the Islamic Republic of Iran honoured Qutb's "martyrdom" by issuing a postage stamp showing him behind bars. Qutb's works were popular before and after the revolution. Current Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and his brother Muhammad Ali are some of the prominent figures. Qutb's works were translated into Persian. There is a lot of debate about whether or not the ideas of Khomeini are compatible with democracy and whether he intended the Islamic Republic to be a democratic republic.Both of the regime's supporters and opponents believe that he did not. At different times, he made statements indicating support and opposition to democracy. The disagreement is explained by the belief that the huge turnout of Iranians in anti-Shah demonstrations constituted a'referendum' in favor of an Islamic republic. Since Muslims must support a government based on Islamic law, Sharia-based government will always have more popular support in Muslim countries than any government based on elected representatives. He offered himself as a champion of Islamic revival and unity, emphasizing issues Muslims agreed upon, such as the fight against Zionism and imperialism, and downplaying Shia issues that would divide Shia from Sunni. The Islamic world should be its own bloc, or rather become a single unified power, according to the leader of the Islamic world. He believed that Western culture was a corrupting influence on the youth.Music, cinema, and literature were banned by the Islamic Republic. In the Western world, it is said that his glowering visage became the virtual face of Islam in Western popular culture and that he was a synonym for a dangerous madman. In the United States, some Iranians felt the need to hide their Iranian identity because of the fear of being attacked. The American embassy hostage taking and the Islamic Republic being accused of sponsoring terrorist attacks are remembered there. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was supported by Khomeini before he took power. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, we would like to act. We want to be free.We would like to be independent. "I repeat for the last time: abstain from holding meetings, from blathering, from publishing protests," he said. I will break your teeth. Leftist intellectuals and activists considered many of <mask>'s political and religious ideas to be progressive prior to the Revolution. His ideas clashed with those of Iranian intellectuals when he was in power. When newspapers were closed by the government, the conflict came to a head. The intellectuals were told that they do not want us to go back 1400 years.You, who want freedom for everything, the freedom of parties, you who want all the freedoms, you intellectuals: freedom that will corrupt our youth, freedom that will pave the way for the oppressor, freedom that will drag our nation to the bottom. In contrast to his isolation from Iranian intellectuals, and "in an utter departure from all other Islamist movements," Khomeini embraced international revolution and Third World solidarity. The Iranian media downplayed the role of the Islamic movements considered conservative when they gained control of the media, from the Sandinistas to the African National Congress and the Irish Republican Army. <mask>'s legacy to the economy of the Islamic Republic has been expressions of concern for the mustazafin, but not always results that aided them. Several times in the 1990s, the mustazafin and disabled war veterans rioted, protesting the demolition of their shantytowns and rising food prices. The populist redistribution policies of former president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who wears "his contempt for economic orthodoxy as a badge of honour", and has overseen sluggish growth, are said to have been mirrored by Khomeini's disdain for the science of economics. There is no religious restriction on corrective surgery for trans people according to a book written in 1963.The Imperial government did not have any specific policies regarding transsexual individuals at that time. Iran permits and partly finances seven times as many gender reassignment operations as the entire European Union and has a Penal Code thatallows for the execution of homosexuals. <mask> was described as slim, but athletic and boned. He was known for his punctuality. He was said to have inspired admiration, awe, and fear from those around him. His practice of ignoring his audience while he taught contributed to his charisma. The traditional beliefs of Islamic jurisprudence held that things like urine, excrement, blood, wine, and so on.Some of the "impure" things that physical contact with which while wet required ritual washing or Ghusl before prayer were non-Muslims. According to Baqer Moin, he had been transformed into a semi-divine figure. He was no longer a grand ayatollah and deputy of the Imam, but simply 'The Imam'. The personality cult of Khomeini fills a central position in Iranian publications. The methods used to create his personality cult have been compared to those used by other figures. "A man will come out from Qom and he will summon people to the right path" is said to be attributed to the Imam Musa al-Kazim. It was said in Iran that there will be people like pieces of iron, not to be shaken by violent winds, unsparing and relying on God.This saying was attributed to Musa al-Sadr in Lebanon. In Iran, the title of "imam" is reserved for the twelve leaders of the early Shi'a. He was associated with the 12th Imam of Shia belief. He was the deputy to the Twelfth Imam. Taghut and Mofsed-e-filarz are religious terms used for enemies of the Twelfth Imam. The officials of the overthrown Shah's government were sentenced to death for fighting against the Twelfth Imam. When a deputy in the majlis asked if he was the 'promised Mahdi', <mask> did not confirm or deny the title.Some non-supporters called him "magnificently clear-minded, single-minded and unswerving" as the revolution gained steam. The image of the leader of the nation was that of an absolute, wise, and indispensable leader. His timing was extraordinary, and his insight into the motivation of others, those around him as well as his enemies, could not be explained as ordinary knowledge. The clerics who supported him and spoke up for him in front of the people fostered this belief. Many secularists who firmly disapproved of his policies felt the power of his "messianic" appeal. One journalist tells the story of listening to bitter criticism of the regime by an Iranian who tells her of her father's loyalty to the regime. The critic became "ashen faced" and " speechless" when his complaint was interrupted by the news that "the Imam" might be dying.An example of <mask>'s charisma is the effect a half-hour-long speech on the Quran by him had on a Muslim scholar from South Africa. Some sources claim that <mask> married Saqafi when she was ten years old, while others claim she was fifteen years old. They were happy and harmonious in their marriage. She died in 2009. Only five of the seven children survived infancy. His daughters all married into families that were either merchant or clerical. The elder son, Mostafa, died in 1977 while in exile in Iraq with his father and was rumored to have been murdered by SAVAK.<mask>, who died at the age of 50, was said to have been a victim of foul play by the regime. Zahra Mostafavi, his most prominent daughter, is a professor at the University of Tehran. Zahra Eshraghi is the granddaughter of the leader of the Islamic Iran Participation Front and is considered a pro-reform character. The elder grandson of the leader of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, Sayid <mask>, is a cleric and the Trustee of the Mausoleum of Khomeini, as well as showing support for the reform movement in Iran. The son of Sayid <mask> is a cleric who is against the system of the Islamic Republic. In 2003 he was quoted as saying "Iranians need freedom now, and if they can only achieve it with American interference I think they would welcome it." I would welcome it as an Iranian.The son of the last Shah and a pretender to the Sun Throne were some of the figures that Husain <mask> met in the United States. After receiving an urgent message from his grandmother, Husain returned to Iran. According to Michael Ledeen, he was blackmailed into returning. In 2006 he called for an American invasion and overthrow of the Islamic Republic. Someone should break the prison doors. Ali Eshraghi was disqualified from the 2008 parliamentary elections for being insufficiently loyal to the principles of the Islamic revolution, but was later reinstated. <mask> was a prolific writer and speaker who wrote commentaries on the Qur'an, on Islamic jurisprudence, the roots of Islamic law, and Islamic traditions.He published books about philosophy, gnosticism, poetry, literature, government and politics. His books include: Hokumat-e Islami, The Little Green Book, and The Disciplines. A letter from Rouhollah <mask> to Mikhail Gorbachev was dated 1 January 1989. The regents of the University of California published essays on the Islamic Republic

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texts: From June 25 to November 4, 1993, <mask> was the 19th prime minister of Canada. <mask> is the first female prime minister of Canada. She was the first woman to become Minister of Defence in a NATO member state and the first woman to serve as Minister of Justice in Canadian history. <mask> was first elected to the British Columbia Legislative Assembly as a member of the British Columbia Social Credit Party in 1986 before being elected to the House of Commons of Canada as a PC in 1988. She held several cabinet positions under Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, including Minister of Justice and Attorney General, Minister of Veterans Affairs and Minister of National Defence. After Mulroney resigned in the wake of declining popularity, <mask> became the new Prime Minister. In the 1993 Canadian federal election, the Progressive Conservatives were decimated, losing all but two seats from a previous majority, with <mask> losing her own.Her 132-day term is the third shortest in Canadian history. <mask> was the only Prime Minister born in British Columbia and the first baby boomer to hold the office. She is the chairperson of the Supreme Court Advisory Board. <mask> was born in Port Alberni, British Columbia, the daughter of George Thomas <mask>, a barrister who had served with the Seaforth Highlanders of Canada in Italy. Her father was born in Montreal. <mask> and her family moved to Canada when she was young. <mask> was a reporter on the Junior Television Club, which aired in May and June 1957.<mask> and Alix were raised by their father after their mother left. <mask> called herself <mask> as a teenager. <mask> was a top student at Prince of Wales Secondary School. She was the school's first female student president. <mask> graduated from the University of British Columbia in 1969 with an honours degree in political science. She was the first female president of the freshman class at the school. She completed a year of graduate study at that school to get her PhD.<mask> traveled to the Soviet Union for three months in 1972 to study for her doctorate at the London School of Economics. When asked to say hello to Boris Yeltsin during his visit to Canada in 1993, she could not say "Hello Mr. Yeltsin". After marrying Nathan Divinsky in 1972, <mask> left her studies and returned to live in Vancouver. In 1983, she earned an L.B. A degree from the University of British Columbia. In 1984 she was called to the British Columbia Bar. <mask> lectured part-time in political science at the University of British Columbia while she was married to Divinsky.She became the chair of the board in 1983 and the vice-chair in 1984 while still attending law school. She said she told the board to back off, but others said she said "fuck off". She was a Trustee there from 1980 to 1984. <mask> had two marriages before she became prime minister, the first of which ended shortly before she became prime minister. Pierre Trudeau was the second prime minister of Canada to have been divorced. During her term as prime minister, she briefly dated the inventor of Exerlopers, but the relationship was relatively private and she did not involve him in the 1993 election campaign. Hershey Felder is an actor, playwright, composer and concert pianist.<mask>net Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet She worked in the office of the premier. <mask> ran unsuccessfully for the leadership of the BC Social Credit Party in the summer of 1986 and was elected to the British Columbia Legislative Assembly in October 1986. She became dissatisfied with the leadership of the premier and broke with him and Social Credit over the issue of abortion. <mask> left provincial politics and entered federal politics. In the 1988 federal election, <mask> was elected as the member of Parliament from Vancouver Centre. The incumbent declined to stand for re-nomination and she won the party nomination.In 1989 <mask> was appointed to the cabinet as a junior minister of Indian and northern affairs. She was the minister of justice and attorney general from 1990 to 1993 and oversaw changes to the Criminal Code in the areas of firearms control and sexual assault. <mask> was responsible for introducing Bill C-43 to govern abortions in Canada after the Supreme Court invalidated the country's abortion law. Canada has no national law governing abortions because it failed to pass the Senate. <mask> was made the minister of national defence and the minister of veterans affairs. She dealt with the issue of replacing shipborne helicopters for the navy and search and rescue units. <mask> was the minister at the time of the Canadian Airborne Regiment's actions in the scandal.The incident became the subject of a lengthy public inquiry after the Liberal Party of Canada took power. <mask> was handed the petition for a new trial in the case of David Milgaard, a man who had been wrongly convicted for murder in 1970 and spent decades trying to clear his name before being exonerating in 1993. <mask> wrote in her book that she was bombarded with questions from the media and opposition MPs about the case before she was officially assigned to the petition. She said that her decision was delayed because she was not allowed to review all of the submissions until they were complete. She told the legal team that there was not enough evidence to support the petition. The media and some MPs misinterpreted Mulroney's concern for his son's health when he was confronted by the mother. <mask> said she told the press that Mulroney was too good a lawyer to intervene improperly and never heard anyone in his office try to influence her decision.It was difficult for her to convince others that she and her officials were motivated solely by a desire to make the right decision, despite the fact that the media accepted the view that he did. Mulroney entered 1993 facing a federal election. Polls suggested that the Tories would be defeated if he led them into that year's election. After his successor had been chosen, Mulroney announced his retirement from politics. <mask> entered the race to succeed Mulroney. <mask> had served in four cabinet portfolios prior to running for the party leadership, including three years as Minister of Justice, and received the support of more than half the PC caucus when she declared for the leadership. Governor General Ray Hnatyshyn appointed her Prime Minister on June 25 after she defeated Jean Charest at the Progressive Conservative leadership convention.As a concession to Charest, <mask> appointed him to the posts of deputy prime minister and minister of industry, science and technology. <mask> reorganized the cabinet after becoming Prime Minister. She reduced the number of ministers from 35 to 23 and created three new ministries: Health, Canadian Heritage, and Public Security. During the summer, <mask> toured the nation and attended barbecues. In August 1993, a Gallup Canada poll showed <mask> had a 51 percent approval rating, making her the most popular prime minister in 30 years. At the end of the summer, her personal popularity was much higher than that of the Liberal Party leader. The Reform Party had been reduced to single digits, while support for the Progressive Conservative Party had increased to within a few points of the Liberals.The official home of the Prime Minister of Canada has been 24 Sussex Drive since 1951. While renovations were being completed on his new home in Montreal, Mulroney remained at 24 Sussex. After Mulroney left, <mask> took up residence at the PM's summer and weekend retreat at Harrington Lake in rural Quebec. <mask>'s term was filled by the summer break and the election and she never faced a Parliament. It was the first time in Canadian history that both the head of state and the head of government were female. <mask> waited as long as she could before asking Hnatyshyn to dissolved Parliament, only weeks before it was due to expire. Section 4 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms allows the election to be held on October 25.The PC's were optimistic that they would be able to remain in power and that they would be a strong opposition to the Liberal minority government. <mask>'s popularity fell after the writ was dropped. <mask>'s honesty was seen as an important asset when she was running for the leadership of the party. She told reporters at a Rideau Hall event that it was unlikely that the deficit would be reduced before the end of the century. She stated during the election campaign that an election is not a good time to discuss important issues and that a complete overhaul of Canada's social policies could not be done in just 47 days. The support of the PCs waned as the campaign went on. By October, polls showed the Liberals were on their way to at least a minority government, and would probably win a majority without dramatic measures.<mask> was still more popular than the Liberal leader. The PC campaign team put together a series of ads attacking the Liberal leader. The second ad appeared to mock Bell's palsy, and generated a backlash from the media, with some PC candidates calling for the ad to be pulled from broadcasts. <mask> claimed to have ordered the ad off the air over her staff's objections. It was to no avail; PC support plummeted into the teens in the aftermath of the ad, all but assuring that the Liberals would win a majority government. The Progressive Conservatives were defeated in the election. <mask> was defeated by Hedy Fry.She said, "I'm glad I didn't sell my car." It was the third time in Canadian history that a prime minister lost his or her local riding at the same time that his or her party lost an election. Jean Charest, the only surviving member of <mask>'s cabinet, was the only one of the Progressive Conservatives who lost their seats. The previous support of the PCs was mostly lost to the Liberals in Atlantic Canada and Ontario. Cabinet ministers from Quebec were pushed into third place by the Bloc Qubécois. The Progressive Conservatives took third place in the popular vote and fell two percentage points short of second place, but still finished with over two million votes. The first past the post system made it difficult for PC support to translate into victories in individual ridings.The Conservatives won two seats, compared to Reform's 52 and the Bloc's 54. It was the worst defeat ever suffered by a Canadian governing party at the federal level. Her historic loss has been blamed on gender inequality. <mask>'s actions were usually seen as having some motive by the media, as they reported the facts about rival male leaders. According to <mask>, Mulroney was the most unpopular prime minister since opinion polling began in the 1940s. He delayed his retirement until there was only two-and-a-half months left in the Conservatives' five-year mandate, which hampered his own party's campaign effort. Taking over the party leadership from Brian Mulroney was a lot like taking over the controls of a jumbo jet just before it plunges into the Rockies, as suggested by Canadian humorist Will Ferguson.Jean Charest replaced <mask> as party leader. <mask> did not qualify for a prime minister or parliamentary pension due to her short tenure as Prime Minister and Member of Parliament. <mask> was named Canada's Woman of the Year in 1993 despite her dramatic loss in the election. Time and Chance was published in 1996. The book is in its third edition and became a Canadian bestseller. There was a rumour that she was going to be the ambassador to Russia. <mask> was appointed consul general to Los Angeles in 1996 and remained there until 2000.She collaborated with her husband on a musical, Noah's Ark, while she was there. She chaired the Council of Women World Leaders, a group of women who held the office of president or prime minister. Mary Robinson replaced her as Irish President. She was President of the International Women's Forum from 2003 to 2005 and lectured at the John F. Kennedy School of Government from 2001 to 2004. She has served as a director of several publicly traded companies in high technology and biotechnology, and currently sits on the board of Athenex, a biopharmaceutical company that had its initial public offering on June 14, 2017, and trades under the ticker symbol "ATNX". The steering committee of the World Movement for Democracy was chaired by <mask>. She was on the board of the International Crisis Group.She is a Trustee of The International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence at King's College London. The main purpose of the Club de Madrid is to strengthen democracy in the world. The former heads of state and government are invited to join. <mask> has served as Interim President, Vice President and Secretary General. <mask> was the founding Chair of the International Advisory Board of the Ukrainian Foundation for Effective Governance. Tony Fogarassy, the Conservative candidate in <mask>'s former riding of Vancouver Centre, lost the election after <mask> endorsed him. After clarifying to reporters that she was a supporter of the new Conservative Party formed in 2003 as a result of a merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservatives, she later said that she had been.<mask> testified at the Mulroney–Schreiber Airbus inquiry that she still follows Canadian politics. <mask> was appointed the founding principal of the Peter Lougheed Leadership College in April. She has appeared on Canada's Next Great Prime Minister, a show which profiles and selects young prospective leaders, and has also been an occasional panelist on Real Time with Bill Maher. Trudeau announced on August 2, 2016 that <mask> had agreed to chair a seven person committee to prepare a list of candidates to succeed Thomas Cromwell on the Supreme Court of Canada. On October 31st, Malcolm Rowe was sworn in as the first Supreme Court justice to hail from Newfoundland and Labrador, after the committee recommended his appointment. <mask> faced controversy when she said that she hoped that Hurricane Dorian would hit President Donald Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in Florida. Eric, the President's son, said that his family was looking for the safety of those impacted by the storm.<mask> apologized for the comments. <mask> claimed that female newscasters who expose their arms on TV are taken less seriously. She posed with bare shoulders in a famous photograph. <mask> said that she couldn't survive in the Conservative party. She said that it was too right-wing and that Conservative leader Andrew Scheer was hard to trust. <mask> brought about a new rape law that made clear that "no means no" in sexual assault cases. The rape shield law protects a person's sexual past from being used in a trial.<mask> accepted a proposal from the first cohort of scholars that the college immediately implement mandatory education regarding sexual assault for students because of her legacy of supporting sexual victims. Since Parliament never sat during <mask>'s four months as a Prime Minister, she was unable to bring forth new legislation. She implemented radical changes to the structure of the Canadian government. The federal cabinet's size was cut from over 35 to 23. The redesign of 8 ministries and the abolition or merging of 15 others were included. The new ministries were retained by the government. The number of cabinet committees was reduced.The size of the federal Cabinet has not changed. Prior to representing Canada at the G7 Summit, she was the first prime minister to convene a First Ministers' conference. <mask> is the only Canadian prime minister who did not make Senate appointments. <mask> criticized Mulroney for not allowing her to succeed him. When she became prime minister, she didn't have a lot of time to make up ground on the Liberals. <mask> suggested that Mulroney wanted a scapegoat who would bear the burden of his unpopularity rather than a viable successor in her response to The Secret Mulroney Tapes. Some argue that the election results were a vote against Mulroney rather than a rejection of <mask>, and others argue that the poorly run <mask> campaign was the key factor in the result.The Progressive Conservatives did not recover their previous standing after the 1993 debacle. For the second time, they were led by Joe Clark, who had been opposition leader and briefly Prime Minister 20 years earlier. The Conservative Party of Canada ceased to exist in 2003 after the party voted to join the Canadian Alliance. Joe Clark was a "Progressive Conservative" into 2004. The "Tory" nickname's survival in the federal politics of Canada was ensured by the new generation of right-leaning Conservatives. There was a PC "rump" caucus in the Senate of Canada, but as of 2012 there was only one senator who was a Progressive Conservative. <mask> is one of the youngest women to have held the office of Prime Minister in any country, and also one of the youngest to have left the office.<mask> was in the top 10. A survey of 26 Canadian historians was used to rank the first 20 Prime Ministers of Canada. In the new survey of over 100 Canadian historians, <mask> finished last, coming out of Canada's first 22 Prime Ministers. <mask> was once again ranked last in a follow-up poll by the same team, this time covering the first 23 Prime Ministers. She was included in the list of 50 most important political leaders in history by the National Geographic Society. She was cited for her status as the only woman head of government of a North American country (defined variously), but controversy ensued among academics in Canada over the merit of this honour, since her brief term in office was marked by very few, if any, major political accomplishments. <mask>'s portrait was unveiled on November 30, 2004.David Goatley is an artist from British Columbia. <mask> said she was "deeply honoured" to be the only woman to have her picture in the Prime Ministers' corridor. The painting shows a pensive <mask> sitting on a chair with richly coloured Haida capes and robes in the background, symbolizing her time as a cabinet minister and as an academic. According to Canadian protocol, she is styled "The Right Honorable" for the rest of her life. A member of the Board of the Forum of Federations was appointed a Companion of the Order of Canada. There is a <mask> fond at Library and Archives Canada. The archival reference number is R 10052.The date from 1916 to 2004 is covered by the fond. There is a variety of media in it, including 58.13 meters of textual records. Further reading Grace Stewart. The keener who broke down barriers was <mask>. J.L. Granatstein is the author of Jackfruit Press. Norman and Hillmer. Canada's leaders are ranked by the prime ministers.Toronto:HarperCollins Publishers.

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Kim Campbell
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Kim
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texts: <mask> was an American explorer, writer, and diplomat. In the rediscovery of Maya civilization throughout Middle America and in the planning of the Panama railroad, <mask> was a pivotal figure. <mask> was born in New Jersey in 1805. He was the son of a New Jersey merchant and a local judge. The family moved to New York. There was an education in the Classics at two private schools. He graduated from Columbia College at the top of his class in 1822.He attended the law school after studying law with an attorney. He practiced in New York City after passing the bar exam. In 1834, he embarked on a journey through Europe and went on to Egypt and the Levant. He wrote several books about his travels. In 1841, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society. He was recommended for the post of Minister to the Netherlands in 1836, but Martin Van Buren nominated someone else. The small claims court was introduced by the delegate to the state constitutional convention.Alexander von Humboldt and Juan Galindo were both explorers and writers who wrote about the ruined cities of Mesoamerica. The Special Ambassador to Central America was commissioned by President Van Buren. In a civil war, the government of the Federal Republic of Central America fell apart. The account of the events he witnessed in Central America, Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatn was published. The Maya ruins at Honduras Copn were first discovered by <mask> and his travelling companion, architect and draftsman Frederick Catherwood. They spent two weeks mapping the site. It was surmised that it was built by some long forgotten people, but Catherwood noted the resemblance to modern Mayas.The city of Copan was bought by <mask> for $50 and he wanted to put it down the river and into museums in the US. They traveled to Palenque,Quirigu and Uxmal. They left Palenque in early June. They documented the Temple of the Inscriptions, the Temple of the Cross, the Temple of the Sun, and the Temple of the Foliated Cross. They went back to Yucatn in October 1841 to investigate Maya ruins. A total of 44 sites were visited during the trip, including Mayapan, Uxmal, Kabah, the gateway at Labn, Sayil, and Chichen Itza. The Governor's House, the Nunnery Quadrangle and the Pyramid of the Magician were documented in Uxmal.The well at Bolonchén has a famous view drawn by Catherwood. The Maya were the authors of some of the most artistic and intellectual works of pre-Columbian America. Their artistic works included stone and plaster sculptures, frescoes, painted pottery and bas-reliefs in wood. The theory that ethnic groups from European or Asian civilizations had built the ancient Central American cities was discredited by <mask> and Catherwood as a result of their explorations. The New York Review and Graham's Magazine reviewed three of <mask>'s books. England had a monopoly over ocean navigation to and from the United States. The Ocean Steam navigation company was incorporated by <mask> after obtaining a charter from the state of New York.Two steam ships, the Washington and the Hermann, were acquired by the company. The Vice President of the Panama Railroad Company was chosen by the company's founder. He made arrangements for the laying of the railroad in Panama. He never recovered from the injuries he sustained when he fell off his mule on his way to Bogot. He was appointed President of the railroad after returning to the United States. He was struck down by Malaria in Panama in the spring of 1852. He had a recurrence of the disease after recovering sufficiently to return to New York.He died on October 13, 1852. He was buried in New York City. The subjects of the works are Maya Explorer by Victor Wolfgang von Hagen and Jungle of Stone by William Carlsen. There were incidents of travel in Egypt, Arabia Petraea, and the Holy Land. Reissued by Cambridge University Press in 2010. There were incidents of travel in Yucatn. There are 1 and 2 notes about Cabaas.The year 2008. "Chapter One: Putting the World in Order: <mask> <mask>'s Narration of America." The Cultural "Other" in Nineteenth-Century Travel Narratives: How the United States and Latin America Described Each Other. There is a press in Lewiston, NY. <mask> was born. The American Holy Land was written by <mask> <mask>. Antebellum American Literature contains post apocalyptic tales.Cambridge University Press is in New York. 154- 165. The true story of two men, their extraordinary journey, and the discovery of the lost civilization of the Maya External links was written by William Carlsen. There are illustrations of Uxmal, Kabah, Sayil, and Labn in the 1841 Incidents of Travel in Central America and in the 1843 Incidents of Travel. There are burials at New York City Marble Cemetery.

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John Lloyd Stephens
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texts: Khalid "<mask><mask> is a British professional boxer who held the WBA super-flyweight title from 2016 to 2020. He won a silver medal at the 2010 European Championships as a flyweight and represented Great Britain at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He is ranked as the world's fourth best active super-flyweight by The Ring magazine and the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board. <mask> is the son of parents from Yemen. He lives in the Moseley area. Two of <mask>'s brothers are boxers. <mask> is an Olympic flyweight boxing champion.In June 2005, he won a silver medal in the European Cadet Championships in Hungary, but lost in the final to Russian Farid Aleshkin. He became England's first ever U17 World Boxing Champion when he won the junior flyweight title against Luis Yez of the United States. He became a British ABA champion at the age of 17 at the World Junior Championships in Agadir, Morocco. He lost to the Cuban winner in the quarter final. He Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet The teenager Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet He qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing in the 1st Olympic qualification event in Pescara, Italy, where he stopped teammate Mo Nasir of Wales and then went on to beat the 2004 Olympian Samolencko of Moldova to qualify.He pulled out of the final due to an injury. He competed in the European Union Championships in Poland in 2008 where he won a silver medal but lost a controversial 13–10 decision to home favourite and Beijing Olympian Rafa. Khalid was beaten in the round of 16 by Andry Laffita, who went on to win the silver medal. Khalid was absent from the European Amateur Boxing Championships in 2008 but returned to win the gold medal in the 54 kilogram class in the GeeBee Championship in April 2009. <mask>'s qualification for the 2012 Olympic Games was denied after he lost to Andrew Selby on 11 November 2011. Yafai pulled out of the second fight in order to give the Olympics to the Welshman. <mask> was named the "Young Boxer of the Year" by BoxRec.On July 7, 2012 <mask> made his professional debut, aged 23, at bantamweight, on the undercard of Kell brook vs. His opponent was a man named Delroy Spencer. The fight was stopped because Spencer wouldn't come out. <mask> defeated Richard Voros in the second fight. Yafai was against a Mexican at the Odyssey Arena. This was on the undercard. The referee scored the fight 60–54 in <mask>'s favor.The referee waved the fight off after Yafai knocked down Scott Gladwin three times in round 1 and once in round 2. Yafai knocked out Pio Antonio Nettuno in round 1 of his super bantamweight bout after a body shot. Nettuno couldn't make the count. The fight between <mask> and Perez took place in December of 2012 in London. Yafai won the fight. Yafai defeated a Mexican boxer after he did not come out of his corner for round 5. In March, Yafai fought in an 8-round super bantamweight bout against Michael Ramabeletsa.It took the entire 8 rounds for the referee to score it in favor of Yafai. After a 7 month lay off, Yafai defeated Santiago Bustos via points in a 6 round fight. After being docked a point for a low blow, Yafai defeated British boxerAshley Lane via fourth-round TKO. The Commonwealth super flyweight title was up for grabs when Yafai fought Yaqub Kareem at the First Direct Arena. With 30 seconds remaining in round 3, Yafai knocked down Kareem with a body shot to claim the title. In September of 2014, <mask> fought at the Wembley Arena in London live on Sky Sports. The IBF Inter-Continental super flyweight title was up for grabs.The 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 Yafai defended the title at 3Arena in Dublin, Ireland against Everth Briceno. In round five and eight, Briceno was knocked down. In round six, he lost a point for low blows. Yafai retained the title with a unanimous decision. This was Yafai's 13th win in a row. In March 2015, Yafai went the distance with 20 year old Cristofer Rosales in a non-title bout.He knocked out Quaye in just one round after hitting him with a left hook. Yafai fought Aron Juarez at the First Direct Arena. Juarez was knocked down twice in round one by Yafai. It was announced that <mask> would have a chance to win the vacant British super flyweight title on 17 October 2015, against Jason Cunningham, live on Sky Sports 1. Yafai outclassed Cunningham from the opening bell winning a unanimous decision. In round 5, Yafai hit Cunningham with a double left hook and then knocked him down in round 6. Yafai targeted Kono as a potential opponent after the fight.On 5 March 2016 at the Genting Arena, <mask>'s next opponent was a former world title challenger from Nicaragua who was vying for the vacant WBA Inter-Continental super flyweight title. <mask> has faced five opponents from Nicaragua in less than two years. The fight lasted less than two minutes as Yafai floored Flores twice in the first round. The undercard of the Anthony Joshua and Dominic Breazeale fight at the O2 Arena in London had a bantamweight bout between <mask> and Jozsef Ajtai. The 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 Yafai won via TKO. After his brother was forced to pull out of his title defence, Yafai was added to the Eggington vs.Gavin card at the Barclaycard Arena in a scheduled 8 round fight.In round 3, Yafai floored Johnson Tellez with a left body shot. Yafai knocked out Tellez to get a fight with Concepcin. It will take place on the undercard of Anthony Joshua vs. ric Molina at the Manchester Arena. <mask> was looking to become the first boxer from the area to win a world title in over 100 years. <mask> and Concepcin were over the limit at the official weigh in. He was given an hour to lose the extra weight or he wouldn't

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Kal
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Galal Yafai
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texts: have the title. Two hours after the weigh in, Concepcin lost his title on the scales.Yafai had the title at stake. <mask> dominated Concepcin in nearly every round to win the title. The judges scored the bout in <mask>'s favor after 12 rounds. The first boxer from the city to win a world title in over 100 years was <mask>. On 25 January, it was announced that <mask> would make his first world title defence in his home city of Birmingham on 13 May, live on Sky Sports. On March 15, Eddie Hearn announced that Yafai would be fighting a former Japanese flyweight champion at the Barclaycard Arena. Yafai said that the tough fights would help him when it came to unification fights.It was the first time in 13 years that Muranaka fought outside of Tokyo, where his previous 28 bouts took place at the Korakuen Hall. The world title was retained by <mask>. The 12 round fight was won by <mask> with scores of 118–108, 118–107, and 118–107. <mask> claimed that he hurt his hand after the fight, but Muranaka was dropped in round 2. <mask> was warned by the referee early in the fight for low blows. The bout was fast paced and <mask> looked tired in the later rounds due to him landing power shots in the earlier rounds. Eddie Hearn said after the fight that he would have one more defence before taking part in a unification fight.<mask> was ordered to start negotiations with Sho Ishida, the mandatory challenger, who was ranked number 1 by the organisation. The parties had 30 days to reach an agreement. On July 12th, Hearn confirmed that terms had been agreed for the fight. On 6 September it was confirmed that the fight would take place on the undercard of Anthony Joshua defending his world titles against Kubrat Pulev at the Millennium Stadium on Sky Sports Box Office. It would be the first time that Ishida would be fighting outside of Japan. At the end of September, Roman Gonzlez was the number two ranked. Teiken was looking to arrange a fight against <mask>.<mask> was excited at the possibility of fighting Gonzlez as he had made it known that he was interested. <mask> said that he wanted Gonzlez for a long time, but wouldn't look past his mandatory fight first. Yafai said, "I'm a huge favorite to win and a lot of people think Ishida has no chance, but I'm always on the ball." I look at my opponents like Mike Tyson. If everything goes well, I can talk to Eddie and see if we can make the fight. He stated that he would fight in February of next year. Yafai went the 12 round distance for the third time in a row, winning a unanimous decision and increasing his chances of fighting in the United States.The judges scored the fight in <mask>'s favor. <mask> showed off his speed. Ishida's size advantage made him land some clean shots on Yafai. Ishida didn't let his hands go until the last two rounds. It was looking like <mask> was going to win the fight and Ishida was going to have a hard time getting back in the fight. Yafai connected with the harder punches while Ishida worked hard. <mask> said he wasn't impressed with his performance.I got the win against an awkward opponent. He wants to fight in the spring of next year. On 20 May, Carl Moretti of Top Rank announced that <mask> would make his US debut against David Carmona on the same card as the IBF belt. The plan going forward was for both Yafai and Ancajas to come out of their bouts victorious and meet later in the year for a unification fight. One of only two boxers to take Inoue the distance, Carmona was best known for going the distance but failing to capture the WBO title. The Save Mart Center was announced as the venue. Carmona weighed in at 11812 pounds and was unable to challenge for the title.Yafai weighed 11412 pounds. Yafai did not include the extra amount he would receive for TV rights in the UK in his official purse. Carmona had to pay a 20% fine from his purse and from that, $1,000 was added to <mask>'s purse and the remaining $1,000 was paid to the California Commission. The first round was fast-paced with <mask> scoring an early knockdown with a left hook to the head. Carmona hurt Yafai after beating the count. <mask> was ruled a slip after hitting the canvas in the first round. In round 2, Yafai returned to his jabs.Carmona was connecting to the body. In round 3, Yafai snapped Carmona's head back with quick jabs. Carmona was floored by a borderline shot in round 4. Carmona was knocked down twice. One knockdown, which appeared to be borderline, was counted. The referee took a point away from <mask> for hitting Carmona when he was already down. After many warnings, the point was deducted.Carmona looked tired and Yafai dominated both rounds. A fight with a former world champion could be on the horizon. He told Sky Sports, "He is ready for the challenge of unification but we also really like the Chocolatito fight and have already opened talks with his team." <mask> was praised for his performance by Hearn. The third annual Monte-Carlo Boxing Bonanza show will take place at the Casino de Monte Carlo Salle Medecin on 24 November. Denis Lebedev and <mask> were chosen to co-headline the event. <mask>'s fourth title defense was to take place against Israel Gonzlez, a former world title challenger.Gonzalez was attempting to capture the IBF title against Ancajas. There was talk that <mask> and Ancajas would unify after appearing on the same card. Yafai was slightly over the 8st 3lb limit on his first attempt. He was given two hours to lose the small amount, however he weighed again immediately without his pants, making weight the second time. <mask> retained his title with a 12 round unanimous decision. The judges scored the fight in <mask>'s favor. Gonzalez was believed to have done enough to win the world title.Yafai was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 Yafai missed his target as he struggled to find the right distance. Gonzalez was cut in round 5 due to a clash of heads. Although Gonzalez was still throwing, it was Yafai who was timing his shots, landing on the body and what looked like the harder shots. Gonzalez replied with a flurry of combinations after each shot. Gonzalez slowed down his output in the final two rounds as Yafai's body shots started taking its toll. The scorecards were wide, but Yafai believed he did enough to retain his belt.After the scorecards were read, Gonzalez walked out of the ring. In his fifth consecutive title defence, <mask> faced Norbelto Jimenez, who was ranked #1 by the WBA at super flyweight. Yafai dominated most of the fight. The fight involved both fighters landing low blows on their opponent, as well as a highly questionable knockdown in favor of <mask> in the closing round. <mask> won the bout via unanimous decision, as he was leading on all three scorecards. On February 29, 2020, <mask> will face Roman 'Chocolatito' Gonzalez, a former pound-for-pound great. The fighters were fighting from the opening bell.As Yafai tried to retaliate, Gonzalez was punishing him to the body. <mask>'s activity decreased in the second half of the fight. Gonzalez was knocked down in the eighth round by <mask> as Gonzalez became more aggressive. Gonzalez dropped Yafai with a big right hand in the ninth round. Gonzalez was awarded the victory after the referee waved the fight off. <mask> Yafai - Profile, News Archive & Current Rankings at Box. Live 1989 births Living people English male boxers English Muslims Boxers at the 2008 Summer Olympics Olympic boxers of Great Britain English people of Yemeni

masks: Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Yafai Kal


texts: Kumaratunga served as the fifth President of Sri Lanka from November 1994 to November 2005. The daughter of two former prime ministers, she is the only female president of the country. Solomon West Ridgeway Dias Bandaranaike was born on June 29, 1945, at Wentworth in Guidford Crescent. The family moved to a mansion purchased by her paternal grandfather. At the time of her birth, her father was the Minister of Local Administration. A nationalist and left wing politician had a strong following known as the Sinhala Maha Sabha. The only son of Sir Solomon Dias Bandaranike was the Maha Mudaliyar.Her mother was the daughter of Barnes Ratwatte Dissawa, Rate Mahatmaya of Balangoda, who was descended from Ratwatte Dissawa, Dissawa of Matale. The home of the wealthy Bandaranaike family was located at the family seat of Horagolla Walauwa, which was her father's constituency. The rise of her father's political career began when he became the first Cabinet Minister of Health and Local Government when the country gained its independence in 1948. The leader of the opposition in 1952 and the prime minister in 1956 were candidates for the elections that followed. He was assassinated when he was fourteen years old because he was the prime minister who initiated several controversial legislation. The first female prime minister in the world was made in 1960 when the grieving widow of Bandaranaike took over the leadership of the party. She was the second of three children in the family and was involved in politics from a young age.The younger brother of Sunethra Bandaranaike joined active politics and became a cabinet minister. After completing her education, she went to the Roman Catholic Aquinas University College to study for a law degree. She did not complete her law studies in France until 1967, when she received a scholarship from the Institute of French Studies. She took a course in the French language and culture at theInstitut d'études politiques d'Aix-en-Provence. She graduated from the cole Pratique des Hautes tudes, Paris with a degree in political science in 1970, followed by a PhD program in development economics. After her mother became prime minister for a second time in 1970, she launched a wide-ranging programme of socialist reform and faced a violent communist insurrection in 1971. She became active in the SLFP, founded by her father and now led by her mother, after returning.She joined the Women's League's executive committee in 1974. She was appointed as an Additional Principal Director in the Land Reforms Commission (LRC) which acquired 228,000 hectares of private land to the state under the Land Reform Law, which imposed a ceiling of twenty hectares on privately owned land. In 1976, after leaving the LRC, she became the chairman of the Janawasa Commission, which established collective farms from land acquired by the LRC. After the defeat of her mother's government in the 1977 general election, she left government service and became a consultant to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. In 1978 she married a leading actor and became a political activist. He lost in the recount in the by- election in 1983. She left the SLFP in 1984 because of her support for Kumaratunga's political activities against the policies of the mainstream parties.She was the Vice President. She fell out with her mother and brother because of this. Gunmen in the presence of his wife assassinated him in front of his home in Narahenpita on February 16, 1988. The United Socialist Alliance was formed by the wife of the leader of the party. It lacked votes because it was well organized. She fled the country in 1988 to seek refuge in the United Kingdom. She was employed at the United Nations University by the World Institute for Development Economics Research.The SLMP split into two different groups during her absence and she was ousted from her leadership position. After the end of the second JVP insurrection, <mask> returned to politics. The governing United National Party was weakened when Lalith Athulathmudali and Gamini Dissanayake left the UNP and formed the Democratic United National Front. The opposition was formed against the government. After returning permanently in 1991, <mask> got involved in politics. In 1993 two people were killed. The Chief Minister of the Western Province was elected on 21 May 1993 after she became the principle opposition candidate in the Western provincial council election.She became the leader of the People's Alliance when the general elections were called in 1994. In August 1994 she was elected to parliament. The PA formed a government with the help of the Ceylon Workers' Congress, which resulted in a slim majority in parliament. She succeeded her mother as the leader of the party. Presidential elections were held in November. Gamini Dissanayake was the leader of the opposition who was backed by the UNP. Srima Dissanayake took over his nomination after her husband was killed by a suicide bomber.In 1994, <mask> won the presidential election with 62.28% of the vote. She became the first female President of Sri Lanka in 1994. Her government continued the open economic policies of the UNP, with an increase in the major revenue earners. The country was in a recession by 2001. She privatized several profitable state corporations which were found to be controversial with Kumaratunga accused of taking large bribes for the sales. She was fined three million rupees by the court over the sale of land for the Water's Edge development project. She followed a policy of strong prosecution of UNP by appointing Presidential Committees to investigate actions of the UNP tenure and leading members of the opposition personally such as the leader of the opposition.The administration tried to arrest and imprison her main political opponent in the run up to the 2000 elections and was criticized for its attacks and intimidation of journalists. She made conciliatory moves towards the Tamil Tigers in an attempt to end the civil war. When the cease-fire was broken by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, they blew up two Sri Lanka Navy gunboats. She pursued a more military-based strategy against them after they launched several major offensives. The Battle of Mullaitivu in 1996 and the Battle of Kilinochchi in 1998 caused her major set back. Her government launched an operation that quickly becamebogged down with heavy casualties. The government led by Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar succeeded in increasing the recognition and acceptance of Sri Lanka on the international stage, which was affected by the riots and suppression of the insurgency in the 1980s.The United States and the United Kingdom proscribed the LTTE on October 8, 1997 and February 28, 2001 respectively, in order to deprive the organisation of a primary source of funding. Israel became a major supplier of weapons to the island after her government reestablished formal diplomatic ties in 2000. Kumaratunga called a presidential election in October 1999. At her final election rally in December 1999, she lost vision in her right eye due to an assassination attempt by the Tamil Tigers. She was sworn in for a second term the next day after defeating Ranil Wickremasinghe in the election held on 21 December. Her second term saw the civil war get worse with her government suffering major defeats against the LTTE such as the Second Battle of Elephant Pass. The economy went into recession for the first time in history in 2001.The UNP Government was formed in 2001 after the People's Alliance lost the election to the UNP. She continued as president despite her strained relationship with the government. A permanent ceasefire agreement was signed between the government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, paving the way for talks to end the conflict. During peace talks in Norway in December, the government and the rebels agreed to share power. In May 2003 she indicated her willingness to sack the prime minister and government if she felt they were making too many concessions to the rebels. While the Prime Minister was on an official visit to the US, Kumaratunga prorogued Parliament and took over the Defense, Interior and Media ministries. Her opponents accused her of being dictatorial.The United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA) was formed in January 2004 by <mask>'s PA and the JVP. The UPFA formed a government after they won the election. This was the first time in history that the JVP became a partner in a government. In June 2005, the JVP left <mask>'s government over a disagreement regarding a joint mechanism with the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. <mask>'s term ended in 2005. She argued that since the 1999 election was held one year early, she should be allowed to serve that leftover year since she had a secret swearing in for her second term after her formal swearing in to the second term. The Supreme Court said that her term ended in 2005.In the presidential elections that followed, Mahinda Rajapaksa gained 50.29% and succeeded her as president, leading all 25 parties in the UPFA. Forbes magazine had a list of the 100 most powerful women. After leaving office, she stepped down from her position as leader of the party and went to self-imposed exile in the United Kingdom. Kumaratunga is a member of the Global Leadership Foundation. Kumaratunga was appointed to the board of directors of the Club de Madrid. She is an advisor to the annual meeting of the Clinton Global Initiative. Kumaratunga said in 2007, that he tried to reach a political consensus to solve the ethnic question and introduce a pluralistic constitution that would cater to the political aspirations of the Tamil people without dividing the country.Even though the current government is a government of my party, I don't feel safe. There is a lack of freedom and an atmosphere of fear in the country. The basic rights of the people and media are not unrestricted. Kumaratunga was invited to join the Council of Patrons of the Asian University for Women in Bangladesh. Following weeks of speculation regarding her involvement in the coalition's decision-making, Kumaratunga formally announced her return to active politics at a press conference held by the country's opposition coalition. She endorsed Maithripala Sirisena as the common candidate of the opposition in the presidential election. Kumaratunga supported the United National Party in the General elections so that he wouldn't become the Prime Minister.She was appointed as the chairperson of office for national unity and reconciliation in 2015. The opposition alliance against the incumbent President was formed in the aftermath of the presidential election. Kumaratunga coordinated with opposition leaders in the two countries to forge a coalition. Kumaratunga claimed that she wasn't invited to the special convention of the party because she was silent during the constitutional crisis. Kumaratunga supported Sajith Premadasa in the presidential election. In the presence of their two children, <mask> married movie star and politician Vijaya Kumaratunga, who was assassinated on February 16, 1988, outside his residence. Their daughter, who was born in 1980 and educated at Cambridge and St George's University of London, became a medical doctor and married Roger Walker.Their son was educated at the University of Bristol and became a veterinary surgeon. The list of honours and decorations includes links to External links. There is a television station called NDTV. Talking heads with <mask> Kumaratunga was aired in November of 2003 There is a television station called NDTV. The president's economic and political agenda can be found on the Sri Lankan government website. The 20th-century women politicians and the 21st-century women politicians are alumni of St. Bridget's Convent.

masks: Chandrika Chandrika Chandrika Kumaratunga Kumaratunga Kumaratunga Chandrika Chandrika


texts: <mask> is a clinical psychologist who is known for his research on psychotherapy outcomes and integration of religion. His 1980 article on theistic values was the first of its kind in the field and elicited over 1,000 responses and requests for reprints, including those from Carl Rogers and Albert Bandura. Albert Ellis was noted for his interchanges with Bergin. <mask>'s family did not attend any religious services. He began college at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology after graduating from high school. He moved to Reed College. One of the students at the school was Bergin's roommate and the other was his girlfriend.<mask> and Shafer both decided to transfer toBYU the following year. <mask> became a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints after Robert K. Thomasbaptized him in March 1955. Bergin married Marian Shafer after this. He attributes a lot of his success to Marian. Bergin went on to earn a master's degree and then a PhD from the University of Wisconsin under Carl Rogers. He was a professor in the clinical psychology program at Columbia University. Bergin lived in New Jersey and served as a bishop for the LDS church and later as a counselor in the Eastern States Mission Presidency.The Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change was co-edited by <mask> and Sol Garfield and was a social science citation classic. He was a member of the Church-wide Sunday School General Board during his time there. He and his wife served at the Lajolla Church Education Mission. The University of California-San Diego has an institute of religion. <mask> was the president of the Society for Psychotherapy Research. He was president of the Association of Mormon Counselors and Psychotherapists in 1980. He received the "Distinguished Professional Contribution to Knowledge Award" from the American Psychological Association in 1989, the "Oskar Pfister Award in Religion and Mental Health" from the American Psychiatric Association in 1998, and the "William James Award in the Psychology of Religion" from Division 36 of the American PsychologicalHe has acknowledged the influence of his colleagues who have collaborated with him. The American Psychological Association awarded him the prestigiousDistinguished Professional Contributions to Knowledge award in 1989, citing him as a "leading expert in psychotherapy research" and for challenging "psychological orthodoxy to emphasize the importance of values and religion in therapy." Bergin has a special place in the history of psychologists and researchers who are members of the LDS Church, who traditionally work hard to harmonize scholarship and religion and to reconcile any differences between the truths discovered in science with the truths they believe to be revealed by God. The parents of nine children are <mask> and <mask>. <mask>, A.E., and Garfield, S.L. are important publications. The film was released in 1971. Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change.New York. <mask>, A.E., and Strupp, H.H. The year 1972 The science of psychotherapy is changing. Aldine-Atherton is in Chicago. Garfield, S.L., and <mask>, A.E. The year 1978.Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change is a second edition. New York. <mask>, A. E. There are religious and Psychotherapy values. Garfield, S.L., and <mask>, A.E. are authors of the journal of consulting and clinical psychology. The year 1986. The third edition of the Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change.New York. <mask>, A.E., and Garfield, S.L. The year (1994). The 4th edition of the Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change. New York. A.E<mask>. The year 1996."Testimony of an Academic Clinical Psychologist." In S.E. There is a black Ed. There are expressions of faith. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book. Richards, P.S., and <mask>, A.E. The year 1997.There is a spiritual strategy for counseling. The American Psychological Association is in Washington, DC. Richards, P.S., and <mask>, A.E. The year 2000. There is a Handbook of Psychotherapy and Religious Diversity. The American Psychological Association is in Washington, DC. A.E. Bergin.There was a report in 2002. A guide on your journey to spiritual, emotional, and social well-being. There is a study in Provo, Utah. Richards, P.S., and Bergin, A.E. They did it in 2004. There is a casebook for a spiritual strategy. The American Psychological Association is in Washington, DC.Richards, P.S., and <mask>, A.E. The year 2005. There is a spiritual strategy for counseling. edition. The American Psychological Association is in Washington, DC. Castonguay, L.G. (2010)."Bringing psychotherapy research to life" is the slogan of the American Psychological Assn. M.J. was born in 2004. The fifth and sixth editions of "Bergin and Garfield's Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change". You can find it in Hoboken, NJ. Richards, P.S. A.E. and Bergin. The year 2014).The second edition of theHandbook of Psychotherapy and Religious Diversity. edition. The American Psychological Association is in Washington, DC. R.J. Sternberg. What makes the great works of psychology great? The American Psychological Assn. was founded in 2003 E.G. Swedin.There are1-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-6556 "Healing souls: Psychotherapy in the Mormon community." The University of Illinois Press is in Urbana. <mask> Bergin: encounters with B.F. Skinner, Carl Rogers, and Albert Ellis Mormon Scholars Testify: <mask>in Life and Testimony of an Academic Clinical Psychologist. American leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have converted to Mormonism.

masks:
Allen Eric Bergin
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Marian Bergin
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Allen Berg


texts: <mask> lived from December 4, 1924 to January 29, 2020. He served two terms as president of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and was an advisor to four U.S. presidents. He co-authored the textbooks Earth and Understanding Earth. President Richard Nixon appointed <mask> to the National Science Board after he served on the President's Science Advisory Committee. He was the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy from 1981 to 1977. <mask> was born in New York and graduated with a B.S. He obtained his M.A. from the City College of New York.Maurice "Doc" Ewing received degrees at Columbia University. One of the two assistant professors was <mask>, who was a co- founder of the Lamont Geological Observatory in New York. <mask> was trained as an oceanographer and participated in research cruises on the RV Vema and RV Atlantis. The seminal monograph on elastic waves in layers of media was co-authored by <mask> and Ewing and Jardetzky. Caltech recruited <mask> in 1957 to succeed Beno Gutenberg as the director of the Seismological Laboratory. The appointment was controversial because it passed over two of the laboratory's senior professors for a younger person. <mask>' accomplishments in this period include the design of a long-period seismograph, the first detection of the Earth's normal modes of ringing, and the application of digital processing to seismic recordings.<mask> was involved in the construction of the lunar seismograph, which was used by the Apollo 11 astronauts. In 1965, <mask> moved to MIT as department head of Earth and Planetary Sciences, where he rejuvenated the department by hiring new faculty. During his time at MIT, he collaborated with other people on computer pattern matching techniques that could be used to predict earthquakes. In 1976, <mask> became the director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. He was involved in the formation of the National Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China. He was re-elected in 1987 after serving 12 years as president of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. In 1996, <mask> co-founded WAG, a global consulting company with clients that included approximately 50 leading universities.The founding of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in Saudi Arabia was made possible by WAG. The international advisory committee was chaired by <mask>. <mask> received 30 degrees. <mask> is a species of whalebone-eating marine worm, named after him. The President of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences was the Chairman of the National Research Council and the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. The Vannevar Bush Award, the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement, the Pupin Medal, the Society of Exploration Geophysicists, and the Japan Prize from the Emperor of Japan are some of the awards. The year 2001.Understanding the planet. W.H. There is a man named Freeman. F. Press. The role ofgeosciences is to provide credible advice to government officials. The Geological Society of America has an abstract with programs. <mask>, F.Growing up in the golden age of science. The Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences was published in 1993. <mask> and Allen wrote a novel. There are patterns of earthquakes in the Southern California region. The Journal of Geophysical Research is a journal. <mask>, F. Coherent budgeting for science and technology is needed.Science, 270(5241). F. Press. Science is being restructured in universities in the post-industrial society. The Geological Society of America has an abstract with programs. Press, F. The National Academy of Sciences has a view on geoscience education. The Journal of Geological Education is a journal.Press, F. Public welfare and science. There are earthquakes and volcanos. F. Press. Education has a role to play in technological competitiveness. The International Journal of Continuing Engineering Education and Life Long Learning is a journal. IJCEELL.1991.030366 is a DOI.<mask>, F. Natural disaster reduction is an international decade. There is an open-file report from the US Geological Survey. pp. 53–61 Press and Siever. The year 1986.Earth. W.H. There is a man named Freeman. F. Press. Science and creationism are related. There is a 29(5): 9 article in thegeotimes. Press, F.Science and technology in the White House from 1977 to 1980. Science, 211(4478): 135–145 Press, F. Science and technology in the White House from 1977 to 1980. Science, 241(4549): 257–279. <mask>, F. The year 1975.There is an earthquake prediction. Scientific American, 232(5): 14–23. F<mask> was born in 1974. The structure of the Earth and Moon is compared. The American Geophysical Union has 55(4). <mask>, F. The Earth and the Moon.The New York Academy of Sciences has a Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences. Press and D.T. Griggs. The year 1959 Nuclear detonations on the earth. The company is called the Rand Corporation. It was issued by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.There are two applications of normal mode sound propagation in the ocean. "<mask> Press" is a reference to the American Institute of Physics. "A Conversation with <mask>" was written by Judith R. Goodstein. They did it in 2004. "Interview with <mask>" was written by Caltech. The American Institute of Physics has an oral history transcript of Dr. <mask>. "<mask> (1924–2020)", Science, March 6, 2020.There is a vol. 335, Issue 6482, pp. Columbia University faculty Foreign Members of the Royal Society Foreign Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences Jewish American scientists

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Frank Press
Press
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Mount Press
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Frank Press
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Frank Press