texts: for grain, although he had been a frequent guest in her royal box. Women were not allowed to wear decolleté dresses and perform with song or acting. Christina allowed women to perform in her palace. In 1675, she invited him to be her confessor. Itinerant doctor and scapegrace,Nicolaas Heinsius the Younger, arrived in Rome in 1679, converted and was appointed the Queen's personal physician until about 1687, providing autobiographical. There are several drafts of essays on her heroes Alexander the Great, Cyrus the Great and Julius Csar in an unfinished autobiography. Carlo Ambrogio Lonati, Lelio Colista, Marco Marazzoli, and Sebastiano Baldini were singers.She had Arcangelo Corelli dedicate his first work to her. James II, England's first Catholic monarch since Mary I to welcome Roger Palmer, 1st Earl of Castlemaine as the new ambassador to the Vatican, was praised by an orchestra performing a cantata in honor of him. Carissimi was appointed by Christina as her maestro di cappella del concerto di camera. Christina's early involvement with Italian music, and in particular church music from Rome, was part of a deliberate self-transformation from a ruling Lutheran regent to a Catholic Queen without a land. After her abdication of power, Christina's politics and spirit continued. Christina wrote a letter to the French ambassador after the Edict of Nantes was revoked. Christina wasn't going to be silenced even though Louis didn't like her views.The custom of chasing Jews through the streets during the carnival was banned in Rome by Pope Clement X. She signed a declaration stating that Roman Jews were under her protection. Christina was very tolerant of other people's beliefs. She was attracted to the views of the Spanish priest, who she employed as a private theologian. He was investigated by the Holy Inquisition for saying that sin was not subject to man's free will. When he was locked up, Christina sent him food and letters. Christina died in February 1689 after visiting the temples in Campania.She had diabetes. In the middle of April, Christina developed an acute erysipelas and then contracted pneumonia. She asked the pope if he could forgive her. She died at six in the morning. Christina wanted a simple burial in the Pantheon, Rome, but the pope insisted on her being displayed on a lit de parade for four days in the Riario Palace. She was covered with white brocade, a silver mask, and a scepter. "The Queen wore a thin mantle, decorated with hundreds of crowns and fur bordered with ermine, under this a splendid garment in two pieces, thin gloves and drawers of knitted silk and a pair of elegant textile bootees".Similar to the popes, her body was placed in three coffins, one of cypress, one of lead and finally one made of oak. She was buried within the Grotte Vaticane in St. Peter's Basilica on 2 May, one of only three women ever given this honor. Her body was placed in an urn. In 1702, Clement XI commissioned a monument for the queen, whose conversion he vainly foresaw a return of her country to the Faith and to whose contribution towards the culture of the city he looked back with gratitude. Carlo Fontana directed the monument that was placed in the basilica. In order to make sure her debts were paid, Christina named Azzolino her sole heir, but he was too ill to attend her funeral, and died in June of the same year. His nephew sold off Christina's art collections quickly.The Swedish royal art collection was mediocre until 1649, with little more than a hundred works by minor German, Flemish, and Swedish painters. The Holy Roman Emperor's collection, one of the most important in Europe, arrived in May 1649. The famous collection of Emperor Charles V's leading minister Cardinal Granvelle, which he had forced the nephew and heir of to sell to, was included in the bulk purchases. Granvelle was the greatest private collector of his time, the friend and patron of Titian and Leoni and many other artists, and Christina was entranced by her new possessions, and remained a keen collector for the rest of her life. By her death, her collection contained relatively few northern works other than portraits, and it was the Italian paintings that excited Christina the most. After leaving for exile, Christina only took about 70 to 80 paintings with her, including about 25 portraits of her friends and family, and 50 paintings, mostly Italian, from the Prague loot. She sent the royal collections to Antwerp almost a year before she abdicated because she was worried that her successor would claim them.During her time in Rome, Christina added five small Raphael predella panels from the Colonna Altarpiece to her collection, as well as the main panel from New York, which was bought from a convent near Rome. She was given Titian's Death of Actaeon by the greatest collector of the age, Archduke Leopold William of Austria, Viceroy in Brussels, she received many such gifts from Catholic royalty after her conversion, and gave some generous gifts herself. She gave away paintings by the Elder, Dull Gret and The Cripples. The balance of her collection shifted to Italian art. The Riario Palace provided a good setting for her collection, with thirteen Titians and eleven Veroneses, five Raphaels and several Correggios. Titian's Venus Anadyomene was one of them. Venus is back in Sweden after she was from the Czech Republic.From 1647 to 1647, Christina sent David Beck, her Dutch court painter, to paint portraits of people she had not met. She encouraged artists to study her collection, including the drawings, and exhibited some of her paintings, but apart from portraits she commissioned or bought few works by living painters. Bernini was a friend of the sculptors and they were commissioned to restore the large collection of classical sculpture which she had begun to assemble while still in Sweden. She left her collection to Cardinal Decio Azzolino, who died within a year and sold it to Don Livio Odescalchi, the commander of the Papal army. After Odescalchi's death in 1713, his heirs began negotiations with the great French collector Pierre Crozat, who was acting as a middleman for Philippe II, Duke of Orléans. The core of the Orleans Collection, the paintings from which were mostly sold in London after the French Revolution, were delivered in 1721 and are on display in the National Gallery. According to the French experts, Christina cut down several paintings to fit her ceilings, and over-restored some of the best works, including the Correggios, implicating Carlo Maratti.The removal of her collections from Sweden was seen as a great loss to the country, but in 1697 the Stockholm castle burned down, so they would have been destroyed if they had remained there. Most of the major works from her collection are no longer in the country. Most of the sculpture collection is in Spanish museums and palaces. Alexander VIII bought her library for the Vatican Library and most of the paintings ended up in France, but many remain in the National Gallery of Scotland. The Teylers Museum in Haarlem, the Netherlands, acquired 1700 drawings from her collection in 1790. Christina's physical features, mannerisms and style of dress are mentioned in historical accounts. Christina had a bent back, a weird chest, and irregular shoulders.Historians believe 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 888-282-0476 Given how influential Christina became in her own era, it is likely her style and mannerisms were at least of general interest to those around her, and this is reflected in many accounts. The way in which Christina is described is a matter of debate because of conflicting and unreliable accounts. The midwives at Christina's birth thought she was a boy because she was hairy and had a strong voice. Christina made statements about her "constitution and body" throughout her life. Christina believed a wet nurse dropped her to the floor when she was a baby. She had one shoulder that was higher than the other for the rest of her life.Her peers made reference to the differing height of her shoulders. As a child, Christina's mannerisms could be described as those of a man. Some have interpreted her father's insistence that she receive the education of a prince as acceptance that she had masculine features or that there was some form of gender ambiguity in her upbringing. She enjoyed fencing, horse riding and bear hunting and was educated as a prince. Christina "walked like a man, sat and rode like a man, and could eat and swear like the roughest soldiers" as an adult. John Bargrave said witnesses thought Christina's style was more childish than crazy. She shaven her head and wore a wig when she arrived in Rome in 1655.Edward Browne said that she wore velvet justacorps, cravat, and peruke. For example, Leonora Christina Ulfeldt was known for dressing the same way, but she also had physical features that were described as masculine. The Duke of Guise wears men's shoes and has a masculine voice. She styled her hair like a young man when she arrived in Lyon. She wore a lot of face cream and powder. She was sunburnt and looked like an Egyptian street girl, according to one account. She formed a close relationship with Cardinal Azzolino in Rome, which was controversial but symbolic of her attraction to relationships that were not typical for a woman of her era and station.She wore risque dresses that drew a rebuke from the Pope because she abandoned her manly clothes. Christina's style changed as she got older. In her autobiography, Christina is flirting with her androgynous personality. The question of her sexuality has been debated, even as a number of modern biographers generally consider her to have been a lesbian, and her relationships with women were noted during her lifetime. She maintained heterosexual, non-sexual, lesbian, or bisexual relationships according to some historians. According to Veronica Buckley, Christina was painted a lesbian, a hermaphrodite, and an atheist by her peers, though "in that tumultuous age, it is hard to determine which was the most damning label". Christina wrote at the end of her life that she was neither male nor female.According to Bargrave, Christina's relationship with Azzolino was both "intimate" and "amorous" and that she was punished by the Pope for maintaining it. Buckley believed there was a curious squeamishness with regard to sex and that a sexual relationship between herself and Azzolino, or any other man, seems unlikely. Christina may have been an intersex individual according to historical accounts. Christina's remains were investigated in 1965, due to conflicting accounts. Carl-Herman Hjortsj, who undertook the investigation, said: "Our imperfect knowledge about the effect of intersex on the skeletal formation makes it impossible to decide which positive findings should be demanded upon which to base the diagnosis." Hjortsj believed that Christina had normal female genitalia because her physicians recorded her menstruation. According to Hjortsj's analysis of Christina's skeleton, they were a typically female structure.Polycystic ovary syndrome, a complex multi-endocrine disorder including hirsutism, and abdominal obesity are some of the symptoms. Buckley suggested that her low comprehension of the need for most social norms, little desire to act, dress, or do other social norms, INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals The events surrounding Christina's abdication inspired Jacopo Foroni's 1849 opera, regina di Svezia. Giuseppe Lillo's Cristina di Svezia is one of the operas based on her life. The real Christina's life differed considerably from that depicted in this film. In the Italian film Love and Poison, Christina is played by Lois Maxwell. Kaari Utrio published a book.Christina arrives in the Vatican and falls in love with a cardinal. The play was written by Ruth Wolff. Sheltekongens Datter and En Dronning Vrdig were two novels that Herta J. Enevoldsen wrote. "Queen C" was written by Laura Ruohonen and is about a woman who lives by her own rules. She is a major character in the alternative history 1632 series. The solo musical ICONS: The Lesbian and Gay History of the World Vol. 1 was performed by Jade Esteban Estrada. 2.The Girl King is a biographical depiction of Queen Christina's short rule. The Girl King was premired on December 11, 2015. She is portrayed as a lesbian in the film. She is the leader of the Swedish civilization in the video game expansion pack Civilization VI: Gathering Storm. She can grant her buildings and wonders with Great Works slots, but only if there are 3 slots for buildings and 2 slots for wonders. She has a unique Government Plaza building that gives her multiple Great Works slots and extra points towards great people that can create great works. The district is called the Kristiine District of Tallinn.Queen Village is in Philadelphia. The Christina River is in Finland. The Making of a Queen: The Education of Christina of Sweden was written by Martin Lowther. In: History Today, Volume 28 Issue 4, April 1978 Grate, Pontus, "Vasa, House" Christina is Queen of Sweden. Oxford Art Online. The subscription was required for Jonsson, L. Ann-Marie Nilsson and Greger Andersson.Frn forntiden till stormaktstidens slut 1720. From antiquity to the end of the Great power era 1720. The manuscrito de Cristina de Suecia was written by Antonio Machado. The Princes and Artists, Patronage and Ideology at Four Habsburg Courts was written by Hugh. There are External links to the project presentation Queen Christina of Sweden, the European Encyclopdia Britannica Coins of


type: paraphrased

texts: <mask>n was born on November 21, 1985 in Canada. Jepsen studied musical theatre at the Canadian College of Performing Arts in Victoria, British Columbia. In 2007, she competed on the fifth season of Canadian idol and placed third. Jepsen's debut studio album, Tug of War, was released in Canada. Jepsen's breakthrough came in 2012 when her single "Call Me Maybe" was the best-selling single of that year, reaching number one in 18 countries. School Boy Records and Interscope Records signed her to a joint worldwide record deal. Kiss was Jepsen's second studio album.It saw fair commercial success and reached the top ten in Canada and the United States. <mask> made her Broadway stage debut as Cinderella. She released her third studio album the following year. It is known for its influence from 1980s music as well as its blend of dance-pop and synth-pop. The lead single, "I Really Like You", received wide critical praise, even though it was less successful than Kiss. Jepsen lent her voice to the animated film Ballerina and performed in the television special Grease: Live. Her fourth studio album, Dedicated, was well-received by fans and critics.One year later, Jepsen released a follow-up album. Jepsen has been nominated for a number of awards, including the Polaris Music Prize and the People's Choice Awards. Jepsen has sold 25 million records. Jepsen was born in Mission, British Columbia, to the parents of the second of their three children. She is a descendant of English, Scottish and Danes. Colin is Jepsen's older brother and a younger sister. She pursued her passion for musical theatre by appearing in student productions of Annie, Grease, and The Wiz, playing the lead roles of Annie, Sandy Olsson, and the Cowardly Lion.Jepsen considered a career in music instruction because her parents were teachers. She applied to music programs at both Capilano University and the University of British Columbia. She was persuaded to apply to the Canadian College of Performing Arts by her high school drama teacher. She was one of 25 female students to gain admission into its year-long program, and it was clear to her that she wanted to pursue a musical career rather than acting and dancing. Jepsen was fortunate to hold several jobs after moving to the west side. She was a barista and pastry chef assistant at Trees Organic Coffee. Jepsen slept on a pull-out sofa, wrote songs in her downtime with a guitar her parents gave her, and performed multiple nights a week at musician friendly holes in the wall.Prior to their collaboration, Jepsen requested an extra-late shift to see Sia. Jepsen's drama teacher convinced her to try out for Canadian Idol while she was assembling a swing band. She performed her original song "Sweet Talker" and finished in third place, which she considered the best possible outcome. Jepsen's demo recording caught the attention of Jonathan Simkin, who signed her to a management deal. In June 2008, Jepsen released her first single, a cover of John Denver's song "Sunshine on My Shoulders". She sold 10,000 copies of her debut album in Canada. The singles "Tug of War" and "Bucket" peaked in the top 40 of the Canadian Hot 100 and received Gold certifications for sales of 40,000 units each."Sour Candy" was released as the final single. Jepsen toured western Canada in 2009. Jepsen recorded material for her second album with Josh Ramsey, Ryan Stewart, and Tavish Crow, her co-writers of "Call Me Maybe." Jepsen recorded material for her second album with Josh Ramsey, Ryan Stewart, and Tavish Crow, her co-writers of " "Call Me Maybe" was released in September of that year. A month after the single was promoted on the social networking site, it was featured in a video in which Selena Gomez, Carlos Pena from Big Time Rush and others lip-synced and danced to it. Jepsen was signed to a joint worldwide record deal by his label, Schoolboy Records, and the major label Interscope Records. Jepsen is the fourth Canadian artist to top the Canadian Hot 100.The song earned the title "Song of the Summer" in the US, as it spent nine weeks at number one on the Hot 100. In the United Kingdom, the single was the second best-selling single of the year. It was the best-selling single of the year. The song was included on Jepsen's album, which was released in February 2012 in Canada. Following the success of "Call Me Maybe", Jepsen recorded a duet with Owl City. Jepsen's second album, Kiss, was released in September 2012 and reached top ten positions in Australia, the UK, and the US. The album is gold in Canada."This Kiss" and "Tonight I'm Getting Over You" were produced on the album. Jepsen became a spokesman for Wet Seal in 2012 after appearing on the fifth-season premiere episode of The CW soap opera 90210. The first Canadian to receive the Rising Star Award was Jepsen. The album of the year and pop album of the year awards were won by Kiss. "Call Me Maybe" won the single of the year category. The single was nominated for two awards at the 55th AnnualGrammy Awards. Jepsen was a brand ambassador for Candie's.In Japan, the album Kiss: The Remix peaked at number 157 on the Oricon albums chart. The Summer Kiss Tour was held in North America and Asia. She was in the Broadway production of Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella for 12 weeks. Jepsen won the International Achievement Award at the SOCAN Awards. Jepsen's third album's lead single, "I Really Like You", was released in March 2015. It peaked at number 14 in Canada and number 5 in the UK, and was accompanied by a music video in which Tom Hanks lip-synced to the song. The album received positive reviews and appeared on many publications' year-end albums lists.She attracted a more mature audience to her music. The album peaked at number eight in Canada and 16 in the US. It includes collaborations with a number of people. "Run Away with Me" was the second single. In support of Emotion, Jepsen embarked on the Gimmie Love Tour. Bleachers' song "Shadow" was featured on a new version of Jepsen's song. A cover of Wham! was released."Last Christmas" Jepsen played Frenchy in Grease Live, Fox's live television presentation of the musical Grease. She performed a song called "All I Need Is an Angel" as part of her role. A remake of the theme to Full House was recorded by Jepsen in late 2015. She was on the debut album of The Knocks. Emotion: Side B contains eight cut tracks from Emotion. Rolling Stone had a list of end-of-year lists.In May of last year, Jepsen released a single. The song was supposed to be used in Emotion, but was instead used in Ballerina, in which Jepsen voices a supporting role. A version of Emotion: Side B was released in Japan. The opening act for the Witness: The Tour was Jepsen. "Party for One" is the lead single from Jepsen's upcoming fourth studio album. "Now That I Found You" and "No Drug Like Me" followed on February 27. Braun was no longer Jepsen's manager as of 2019.Her fourth album, Dedicated, came out in May of 2019. There are 13 tracks on the standard edition and 2 more on the deluxe edition. Jepsen performed at the NPR Tiny Desk Concert. The companion album Dedicated Side B contained twelve additional tracks from Dedicated. Jepsen confirmed the same month that she was making a "quarantine album" with the writer of "Call Me Maybe". "It's Not Christmas Till Somebody Cries" peaked at 11 on the US Holiday Digital Songs chart. Jepsen is classified as a Soprano.Jepsen's voice is described by Paul Bradley of LA Weekly as "hushed" and "flawless". She named artists such as Leonard Cohen, Bruce Springsteen, James Taylor, and Van Morrison as inspiration for her debut album, Tug of War. Jepsen said she became more influenced by pop and dance music when she recorded her second album, Kiss. Her third album, Emotion, was inspired by her love of pop music from the 1980s and the "old-school" albums of Madonna and Prince. Cat Power, Christine and the Queens, Tegan and Sara, Bleachers, Kate Bush, Bob Dylan, Sky Ferreira, and the Spice Girls have all been praised by Jepsen. "Jepsen's career is useful," wrote a writer for NPR. The internet's reception of Jepsen's music has given her longevity and a lifespan beyond its limited, though influential, time on the charts.She can have her own world, where absurdity and enthusiasm are equally cherished, and she doesn't have to be queen of the charts. Jepsen was called an "Artist of the Decade" by the Insider writer, as she's often celebrated as a queer icon. She said that Jepsen's "subversively catchy lyrics, slick musical arrangements, and pop experimentation have made her a true star". Raisa Bruner stated that Jepsen had a "cult of popularity" and mentioned the "ongoing compliment-spam that adorns her social media profiles, with each fan proclaiming her queen of something". According to Marie-ve, Jepsen has embraced a more mature pop queen persona, showcasing a modern and sophisticated sound. Rogers credits Jepsen's 'Emotion' with inspiring her to pursue Pop music. She told The Line of Best Fit that "'Run Away With Me' was the first pop song that I ever really fell in love with and it made me understand there was a version of pop music that I could make, that could combine all the things I love."The Boy Scouts of America's policy on homosexuals made it difficult for the band Train and activist Jepsen to perform at the National Scout jamboree. Jepsen stated, "As an artist who believes in equality for all people, I will not be participating in the Boy Scouts of America Jamboree this summer." The Summer Kiss Tour is headed by The New Cities and The Mission District.

masks:
Carly Rae Jepse
Jepsen


texts: <mask> is an Australian Christian fundamentalist, young Earth creationist and apologist who lives in the United States. He is the founder, CEO, and former president of Answers in Genesis, a Christian apologetics organization that operates the Creation Museum. According to the Book of Genesis creation narrative, the universe and the Earth were created around 6,000 years ago, contrary to the scientific consensus that the Earth is 4.5 billion years old. The early life <mask> was born in October of 1951. Mervyn was a Christian educationist who was a school principal in several schools. A bachelor's degree in applied science and adiploma in education were earned by <mask>. He was influenced by The Genesis Flood.In 1975, <mask> began teaching science at a high school. In 1977 he began teaching at a high school where he met another teacher who believed in young Earth creationism. According to Susan and William, <mask> was appalled by the fact that some of his students assumed their textbooks that taught evolutionary science successfully proved the Bible to be untrue, and he said the experience "put a 'fire in my bones' to do something about the influence that evolutionary." He and his wife founded Creation Science Supplies and Creation Science Educational Media Services in 1979 to provide resources for the teaching of creationism in public schools. The Creation Science Foundation was formed by the merging of the two organizations with the Creation Science Association. In January 1987 <mask> moved to the United States to engage in speaking tours with another young Earth creationist organization, the Institute for Creation Research. The first eleven chapters of the Book of Genesis contained the true origin of the universe and a pattern for society, and that Christians should engage in a culture war, as one of three major themes of his " Back to Genesis" lecture series.With his popularity growing in the United States, <mask> left ICR in 1994 and founded Creation Science Ministries with the assistance of what is now Creation Ministries International (Australia). Answers in Genesis changed its name in 1997. "Australia's not really the place to build such a facility if you're going to reach the world," <mask> told an Australian Broadcasting Corporation interviewer in 2007, when he planned to open a museum and training center near his headquarters in Florence, Kentucky. America is. One of the main reasons that AiG moved to Florence was because we are within an hour's flight of 69 percent of America's population. The museum is located west of the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport. The University of Central Oklahoma disinvited <mask> after he was scheduled to speak.UCO invited <mask> to speak later that month, and he spoke on March 5. The AiG Confederation crumbled at the end of 2005 due to a disagreement between <mask> and Carl. This disagreement led to the retention of the leadership of the UK and American branches and the departure of the managing director of the Australian branch. Creation Ministries International (CMI) was renamed after the Australian branch split into two groups. The AiG worked closely with the Institute for Creation Research. Kurt Wise was hired by <mask> as a consultant to help with the final phases of the museum project. In May 2007, Creation Ministries International (CMI) filed a lawsuit against <mask> and AiG in the Supreme Court ofQueensland seeking damages and accusing him of deceptive conduct in his dealings with the Australian organization.The group expressed concern over Mr. <mask>'s domination of the groups, the amount of money being spent on his fellow executives and a shift away from delivering the creationist message to raising donations. The Australian ministry was accused of being in financial trouble. The dispute was amicably settled in April 2009, according to the CMI website. The comedy-documentary Religulous had <mask> in it. The movie was criticized by AiG for its "dishonesty last year in gaining access to the Creation Museum and AiG President <mask>." <mask> and AiG were disinvited from future convention by the board of GC. Brennan Dean stated that <mask> had made "unnecessary, ungodly, and mean-spirited statements that are divisive at best and defamatory at worst".Dean believes that Christian scholars should not be afraid of ostracism or ad hominem attacks. Peter Enns of The BioLogos Foundation was disinvitationed after <mask> criticized him. Enns was accused of spreading "outright liberal theology that undermines the authority of the Word of God". Bill Nye and <mask> debated on the topic of whether young Earth creationism is a viable model of origins in the modern scientific era. Critics were concerned that the debate gave the appearance of scientific legitimacy to creationism. Nye said the debate was an opportunity to expose <mask> and the support he receives from his followers as being bad for Kentucky, bad for science education, and bad for humankind. The construction of the Ark Encounter theme park had been delayed due to lack of funds, but was stimulated by publicity generated by the debate.The Ark Encounter opened on 7 July 2016 and is named after the Bible verse that describes Noah entering the ark. Nye and <mask> had an informal debate after Nye visited Ark Encounter. He was inspired by his father, a young Earth creationist, to interpret the Book of Genesis as "literal history" and first rejected what he termed "molecules-to-man evolution" during high school. As a young Earth creationist and biblical inerrantist, <mask> believes that the Book of Genesis is historical fact. According to <mask>, the age of the Universe is about 6,000 years old, and that the Noah's flood occurred about 4, 400 years ago. The age of the universe is about 13 billion years old and the age of the Earth is 4.5 billion years old. Asking scientists if they were there is one way to argue that knowledge of evolution and the Big Bang requires observation.The evidence for evolution was there, and that knowledge serves to determine what happened in the past and when. Were you there? An argument with which <mask> agrees is that questions invalidate creationism as science. Abortion, same-sex marriage, homosexuality, and being trans are all attacks on the true family according to Sexuality <mask>. The rainbow is a popular symbol for the LGBT movement. Workers are required to sign a statement that they view homosexuality as a sin if they want to work at the Ark Encounter. There are other beliefs that reject the scientific consensus on climate change.Chris Mooney, of Slate's magazine, believes that <mask>'s advocacy of young Earth creation will "undermine science education and U.S. science literacy". According to Andrew O'Hehir of Salon, the "liberal intelligentsia" have overstated the influence of <mask> and those like him because, while religious ecstasy, however nonsensical, is powerful in a way reason and logic are not. Temple Baptist College, Liberty University, Tennessee Temple University, Mid-Continent University, Bryan College, and Mid-America Baptist Theological Seminary awarded <mask> with degrees. Marylin and <mask> have five children and sixteen grandchildren. The Wayback Machine: 1951 births Living people 20th-century Australian male writers 20th-century Australian writers 20th-century Baptists 21st-century American non-fiction writers

masks:
Kenneth Alfred Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ken Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ken Ham
Ken Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ham
Ken Ham
Ham
Ham


texts: <mask> was an early pioneer and explorer of the Oregon Country in the Pacific Northwest of North America. <mask> organized and led a group of about 60 men on an overland expedition to establish a fur trading outpost at the mouth of the Columbia River. The first major party to cross to the Pacific after Lewis and Clark was the Astorians. Historical records refer to <mask> as William and <mask>. <mask> moved to St. Louis in the 18th century to sell various items. He was connected with John Jacob Astor in the 18th century. As part of his plan to gain a foothold on the Northwest coast and enable the development and prosecution of a more profitable trade with the Chinese, Astor formed the Pacific Fur Company.The six partners in the Company were all Canadians and former prominent figures in the North West Company, except for <mask> who was the sole American. <mask> was second in line behind Astor and acted as his personal representative in his absence. In order to demonstrate the practicability of the route as a supply line, the company sent two simultaneous expeditions: one by sea directly to the mouth of the Columbia to establish the post, and the other over the land. <mask> assumed charge of the overland expedition upon his arrival. <mask> had never traveled into the interior of the west before, but had been involved in the indian trade at St. Louis, supplying traders with goods and equipment. <mask> was accompanied by a partner in the company. As a clerk for the Northwest Company, McKenzie worked in the wilderness for ten years.Astor had everything to hope and little to fear under two such leaders. <mask> and McKenzie left Montreal for St. Louis on July 5, 1810. They continued to recruit men for the expedition. Quality men were hard to find at Mackinaw and St. Louis. Most of the men at Mackinaw were drunk in the morning and dead drunk at night. The Northwest and Mackinaw companies in Michilimackinac and the Missouri Fur Company were 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 <mask> arrived at Nodaway, Missouri, on November 16, 1810, and settled into winter quarters.They left April 22, 1811. <mask> recruited several former Missouri Fur Company men as he traveled up the Missouri River. The information he received about the Blackfoot on the upper Missouri caused him to change his plans and cross to the Columbia by land. <mask> purchased horses from the Arikara tribe near present-day Pierre, South Dakota. The party crossed the Wind River mountains into the valley of the Green River by way of Union Pass. They descended the Hoback River to its junction with the Snake River and then crossed Teton Pass to the abandoned Fort Henry. Knowing that the majority of their struggles were over, <mask> allowed his men to abandon the horses and head downstream by canoe.The party was forced to travel by foot and endure a lot of hardship after they decided to canoe the Snake River. They lost a man and two canoes in the rapids after nine days of trying to travel the river. They took different routes to get to the mouth of the Columbia. On February 15, 1812, <mask>'s party arrived. The trip from Missouri to Oregon took more than 300 days. <mask> traveled from the village of the Arikaras in present-day South Dakota to the end of his journey. Robert Stuart discovered South Pass, a key feature of the soon-to-be-established Oregon Trail.On August 4, 1812, <mask> sailed on the newly arrived ship to establish trade with the Russian establishment at New Archangel in modern day Alaska, leaving Duncan McDougall in charge of the fort. <mask> was forced to wait for payment at New Archangel and then go to the Hawaiian Islands to repair the damage done to the Beaver in a storm. The war between the US and Britain broke out when he was in the Hawaiian Islands. McDougal concluded an agreement to sell the fort to the Northwest Company. <mask> was displeased with the decision and questioned the motives of the Canadian partners, but he was bound to their decision. He left the fort for the purpose of bringing a large quantity of furs to market, acquiring a ship and a load of provisions, and returning home the Hawaiian Islanders. <mask> purchased the brig the Pedlar in order to conduct business related to the transfer of the fort to the British.The Pedlar traveled to New Archangel and then to Kamchatka before being captured by the Spanish in August 1814 and held on the coast of California for two months. After being released, the Pedlar went back to the Hawaiian Islands to procure a cargo of Chinese goods for trade with New York. In 1816, <mask> arrived in New York with his cargo. After returning to St. Louis in 1817, <mask> purchased a large tract of land southwest of the city and made improvements until his death in 1842. President Monroe appointed him the postmaster of St. Louis in 1822. <mask>'s name is engraved in a frieze in the Oregon State Senate chamber, which is located in the Oregon State Capitol. David Thompson, a Canadian explorer, arrived at Astoria shortly before the <mask> party.There are external links to Wilson Price Hunt Vault notes.

masks:
Wilson Price Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Wilson
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt
Hunt


texts: The Russian theoretical physicist, named for 4 October 1916 to 8 November 2009, was honored with a prize in 2003 for his contributions to the theory of superconductor. One of the leading scientists in the Soviet Union's atomic bomb project worked on the designs of the thermonuclear devices. He became the head of the Department of Theoretical Physics of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences when he became a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Ginzburg was critical of clergy's influence in Russian society in his later life. The son of an engineer and a doctor was born in 1916 to a Jewish family in Moscow. His comprehensive thesis for the doctor's qualification was defended after he attended his mother's alma mater. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1944.His achievements include a partially phenomenological theory of superconductivity, the Ginzburg–Landau theory, and a theory of the origin of cosmic radiation. He was part of a group of scientists that helped bring down the reign of the anti-Semitic Trofim Lysenko, allowing modern genetic science to return to the USSR. In 1937, <mask> was married. In 1946, he married his second wife, who had spent more than a year in custody on fabricated charges of scheming to assassinate the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. The scientific journal Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk was edited by Ginzburg. Ginzburg founded the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology's Academic Department of Physics and Astrophysics Problems. After the fall of communism in the former Soviet Union, Ginzburg served on the board of directors of the Russian Jewish Congress.He supports the state of Israel and fights anti-Semitism. The Russian liberal opposition and human rights movement were supported by Ginzburg in the 2000s. He defended the two men against espionage charges. In an interview with the Radio Liberty Ginzburg, he denounced the FSB as an institution harmful to Russia and the expansion of its authority as a return to Stalinism. Since 1940, Ginzburg worked at the P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of Soviet and Russian Academy of Sciences. The Russian Academy of Sciences is a major institution where most of the physics winners from Russia have done their studies. Stance on religion was a MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzEHe wrote several books about the questions of religion and atheism. Some Orthodox Christian groups said no science award could excuse his attacks on the Russian Orthodox Church. The members of the Russian Academy of Sciences signed the Open letter to the President. The Russian Academy of Sciences said that Ginzburg died in Moscow from a heart attack. Three years before his death, he said, "In general, I envy believers." He had been suffering from ill health for several years. I am 90 years old and being overcome by illnesses. It is easier for believers to deal with life's other difficulties.What can be done? I don't believe in resurrection after death. Putin sent his sympathies to Ginzburg's family, saying "We bid farewell to an extraordinary personality whose outstanding talent, exceptional strength of character and firmness of convictions evoked true respect from his colleagues". The President of Russia described Ginzburg as a "top physicist of our time whose discoveries had a huge impact on the development of national and world science." The resting place of many famous politicians, writers and scientists of Russia was where <mask> was buried on 11 November. The Stalin Prize in Commemoration of the 800th Anniversary of Moscow was awarded twice. In order to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, a Foreign Member of the Royal Society was elected in 1984.The "pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids" were recognised by the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland". Martin Childs wrote an Obituary for The Independent. People from Moscow Governorate Russian Jews Communist Party of the Soviet Union Members of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union Russian activists Foreign Members of the Royal Society.

masks: Ginzburg Ginzburg


texts: Thomas Brandstater was a quarterback in the National Football League. He played football for the school. He was drafted by the Broncos in the sixth round. He played for the Indianapolis Colts, Miami Dolphins, Dallas Cowboys, and St. Louis Rams. <mask>r was born and raised in Turlock, California. He is the second child of William and Sharen Brandstater and has three siblings. At the age of eight, he began playing football with the Turlock Vikings Youth Football program, and he lists Mike Hibden and Mike Huber as his most influential youth coaches.Colin Kaepernick of the Wolf Pack and Anthony Harding of the Bulldog played for the youth football program. He was the starting quarterback when he was eight years old. Brandstater was a student at Turlock High School. He achieved several distinctions as a high school player, including being named to the First-team All District team by the Modesto Bee as a defensive back, and guiding Turlock to the San Joaquin Section Division I South championship against Stockton Lincoln High. As a high school quarterback, he directed an offense that was primarily focused on rushing and did not display his true passing ability, though he still threw for over 1,000 yards in his last season in high school. He was the top quarterback in the camp. He did not play in the team's 2004 season because he was given a redshirt year as a freshman.He was the quarterback for the scout team in practice. He was listed as the third quarterback behind Paul Pinegar and Jordan Chrisensen. Brandstater didn't play a game during the season because coach Pat Hill decided to keep him on the bench so that 2004 wouldn't count as one of his four years of eligibility. After redshirting as a true freshman, Brandstater became the backup quarterback to Paul Pinegar in 2005, and was occasionally brought in by Coach Hill in late quarters of games. In the season opener against Weber State on September 10, 2005, he completed 2 out of 4 attempts for 11 yards with a touchdown. He was credited with a single rushing attempt, for a loss of two yards, which was his only rushing attempt of the season. He did not play in the next game, a close away loss to Oregon, and was brought out late in the home victory against Toledo, where he attempted a single pass, which went for an incompletion.He went 3 for 6 against Utah State. He played his last game of the season in November against the San José State Spartans, where he completed a single pass for a two-yard gain. Brandstater played in eight games as Pinegar's backup and completed 6 of 13 passes for 49 yards and one touchdown. The 2005 season ended with three losses, including a Liberty Bowl loss to Tulsa, along with a number of losses of senior leadership, including senior quarterback Paul Pinegar and running back Wendell Mathis, both of whom were 2nd in theWAC in passing efficiency and rushing yards per game. Frank Cignetti, Jr., who had led the team to two consecutive top ten finishes in NCAA scoring offense in 2004 and 2005, left for North Carolina and was replaced by Steve Hagen. Brandstater passed for 124 yards and a touchdown in his first start for Fresno State, getting revenge for the upset loss the previous season and adding interest to the 83-year-old rivalry. The next week brought a home game for the Oregon Ducks against a ranked team.Brandstater went 16 of 33 attempts for 150 yards, with a touchdown and two picks, and was a factor in the loss to the Ducks. Brandstater lost the next six games, including a loss to Utah State, as the remainder of the season turned out to be problematic. On Oct 14 against Hawaii, Coach Hill replaced Brandstater in the second quarter with his backup, SeanNorton, as the Bulldogs lost to the Warriors 68–37 at home. Brandstater did not play against LSU. He returned to 7 of 14 for 72 yards against the Broncos, and went on to lead the team to victories over New Mexico State, Idaho, and Louisiana Tech. He started the season finale at San José State and lost, but the team ended the season with some confidence. Brandstater was named the Most Valuable Player of the Humanitarian Bowl after leading the team to back-to-back victories over Kansas State and Georgia Tech.The team was ranked in several national preseason polls, including by CBS Sportsline, which ranked them at #24 in the country. Brandstater was one of 17 returning starters. He was rated number 6 out of 129 quarterbacks going into 2008 by nfldraftscout.com, and was listed as a darkhorse Heisman Trophy candidate. On July 17, 2008, the <mask>'Brien Watch List was released by the Davey O'Brien Foundation and its National Selection Committee highlighting 31 quarterbacks vying for the award honoring the nation's best quarterback for the 2008 football season, and Brandstater was listed alongside other top prospects. In the opening game of the 2008 season, <mask>r was the starting quarterback for the Bulldogs as they traveled to New Jersey to take on Rutgers. Neither team scored in the first half of the game, which was behind Brandstater. The defense was able to keep the Rutgers offense out of the end zone in the first half.Ryan Mathews ran into the end zone for all three of the touchdown runs, as well as the field goal. Brandstater was 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 Brandstater was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the 6th round of the NFL draft. Brandstater signed a four-year contract with a $124,000 signing bonus. Through final-year escalators, he would have earned more than $2 million. His base salary was $400,000 in 2009, and would have been $395,000 in 2010, $480,000 in 2011, and $565,000 in 2012 Brandstater was released by the Broncos on June 4, 2010 after they acquired Tim Tebow through the 2010 NFL draft.The Indianapolis Colts released injured backup quarterback Jim Sorgi on March 5, 2010, and signed Brandstater off waivers on June 7, 2010, as Manning's backup. Brandstater was placed on the practice squad of the Colts on September 6, 2010 after being released by the Colts on September 4, 2010. Brandstater was released from the practice squad by the Colts. After injuries to their first and second-string quarterbacks, the Miami Dolphins signed Brandstater to their practice squad. He signed a contract at the end of the season. He was let go on August 5, 2011. The Dallas Cowboys signed Brandstater on August 6, 2011.The St. Louis Rams signed him to their practice squad. He was promoted to the active roster, released from the team, re-signed to the practice squad, and once again promoted to the active roster during the 2011 season. Brandstater played in the 4th quarter of the Week 17 game between the Rams and the 49ers. Brandstater saw his first career action with two incomplete passes after Kellen was injured on a second down sack. On September 1, 2012 he was released by the Rams. Football players from California include the Denver Broncos, Indianapolis Colts, Miami Dolphins, Dallas Cowboys, and St. Louis Rams.

masks:
Tom Brandstate
Tom O
Tom Brandstate


texts: <mask> was an American media executive. His television/radio/newspaper conglomerate, Park Communications, is known for the creation of the Duncan Hines brand of packaged food products. The Park Foundation funded many programs in his name at Ithaca College, Cornell University, and North Carolina State University. <mask> was the son of a tenant farmer. <mask> graduated from Dobson High School at the age of 15 and followed his brother to North Carolina State University after he suffered a severe bout with rheumatic fever at the age of 13. After crashing his brother's automobile, <mask> took his first job at the local Associated Press bureau, where he worked his way up from office boy to reporter by the time of his graduation from college. He was able to serve as the paper's editor-in-chief because he extended his term of study at the college.In 1931, after graduating with a degree in business administration, he was awarded the "best writer" title. After graduation, <mask> accepted the position of public relations director for the North Carolina Cotton Growers Cooperative Association, where he pioneered innovative ways of promoting cotton, including "Cotton Balls," with dancers and performers dressed in cotton formal wear. He married one of the "Maids of Cotton" in 1936. At the Cotton Cooperative, <mask> founded and published three periodicals, the Carolina Cooperator, the Rural Electrification Guide, and Cooperative Digest and Farm Power, which attracted the attention of H. E. Babcock, the founder of the Grange League Federation. <mask> accepted a position at the agency in Ithaca, New York, in 1942, after Babcock offered him a position. In the late 1940s, the Grange approached <mask> to find a way to market their excess food products; <mask> approached well-known food critic <mask> to lend his name to a brand of packaged food products. The company's flagship product, Duncan Hines Cake Mix, was a huge hit in the American food market.After releasing its first products, <mask>nes-<mask> was acquired by P&G for 360,000 shares of stock and an undisclosed amount of cash. <mask> was a senior executive at P&G. <mask> began to look for new business opportunities after selling <mask>. He used his shares of P&G as security to acquire two radio stations in North Carolina. He bought other radio and TV stations after leaving P&G. He owned 40 newspapers after five years of buying them. Most of his acquisitions were small to medium-sized markets.Johnny Babcock said that <mask> saw gold in owning broadcast stations. "They are invulnerable to competition, not overburdened with depreciable assets, high profile in their community, and while regulated by the government, the franchise for the assigned frequency on the airwaves is protected by Uncle Sam." <mask>'s TV stations operated at a 45% profit margin, with radio in the high 30s, outdoor billboards in the low 30s, and newspapers in the mid to high 20s. If industrial concerns exceed 10 percent operating profit, they will be successful. Broadcasting was fat. The legal limit at the time was seven television stations, seven AM radio, and seven FM radio stations. Congress relaxed ownership limits in 1983, and <mask> resumed buying.In 1983, <mask> sold 10% of his shares and kept 90% of the company. The company's market reach was estimated to be one-quarter of all American households and employed over 3000 people at the time of his death. He bought media properties as the conglomerate grew. Park Communications was bought for $710 million by a pair of investors using a loan from the Retirement Systems of Alabama. In 1996 it was sold to Media General. Media General was sold. The company is now calledNexstar Media Group.He lived in the Ithaca, New York area for the rest of his life, having purchased a stone mansion in Cayuga Heights in the mid-1950s. He sat on the Board of Visitors for the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Journalism and Mass Communication and the Board of Trustees of North Carolina State University. He received the North Carolina Award, the state's highest civilian honor, in 1989. In addition to his media holdings, <mask> owned a number of rental properties in Ithaca, timberland in North Carolina, and was a major shareholder in both P&G and the Tompkins County Trust Company. He sold his billboard and outdoor advertising business to his son. <mask> served as chairman of the board of trustees at Ithaca College from 1981 to 1992. The Roy H. Park School of Communications was renamed in 1989.The School of Business is located in the Park Center. He endowed the Lewis H. Durland Memorial Lecture Series at Cornell University and sat on the Advisory Council of the Johnson Graduate School of Management. Durland was a friend of <mask>. <mask> died from a heart attack. The Park Foundation was created by <mask> in 1966. His wealth went to the foundation after he died. The foundation ran into trouble when <mask>'s two children disagreed about which causes to support.In 2001, the foundation was divided into two. She, along with her daughter, continued to operate the Park Foundation, whereas <mask>. and his children took over. In 2010, with their mother suffering from Alzheimer's, her two children disagreed over who should get the bulk of her estate. <mask> died in 2016 at the age of 103. Higher education, media and public awareness, and environmental protection are some of the causes supported by the Park Foundation. The Park Scholar program at Ithaca College is one of their largest contributions. The Alumni Center at North Carolina State was named after the couple.The NC State Alumni Association Meritorious Service Award is the highest honor the school can give.

masks:
Roy Park
Biography Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Duncan Hines
Hi
Park
Park
Park
Duncan Hines
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park
Park Jr
Park


texts: <mask>, also known in English as Byung-in, was a Korean martial artist. He is believed to be the first Korean to study and teach Chinese Gung Fu in China. He was an influential instructor and a master of many martial arts styles. On May 18, 1920, <mask>-in was born in Manchuria. He was the second son of a distillery owner. His grandfather was a Korean of noble birth. After the Japanese annexation of Korea, his father's business began to suffer and he and his family fled to Manchuria.At that time, he attended elementary and secondary school and graduated in 1938. Byung-In was allowed to study Chuan Fa or Gung Fu after he tried to impress his master. An instructor in Manchuria taught Yoon how to study Chinese Chuan Fa. In the late 1930's, Japan went to Tokyo, Japan to study agriculture. He began to learn Shudokan karate under Kanken Toyama. He was not initially engaged in karate training at the university, but was often seen practicing conditioning exercises against a courtyard tree. The tree was leaning from his practice.At one point, Japanese karate students pursued and started to beat up another Korean karate student who had skipped karate class to spend time with his sweetheart. The karate students gave up and ran back to tell their teacher what had happened after being persuaded by the other Korean student. Tyama invited <mask> to tell him about the martial arts he used against his students. Toyama was told about his education in Manchuria. Since he had studied Chuan-FA in Taiwan for 7 years, Toyama appreciated the background. They decided to teach each other Shudokan Karate. The captain of the karate team at Nihon University was awarded a master's certificate and the rank of 4th Dan by Toyama.While in Japan, <mask> taught karate at the Tokyo YMCA. The Japanese rule over Korea ended after the World War II surrender of Japan. He called his martial art style "Quan fa-Karate", which is roughly translated as "fist art empty hand way". He began teaching martial arts at the high school. He taught martial arts at Moo Moo. In 1947, he established his own school at the YMCA. This school would become known as "Seoul Kwonbup Bu" and/or "YMCA Kwon Bop Bu", which would serve as the foundation for future Chang Moo Kwan.Some kung fu forms were taught by Yoon, however details of the curriculum are not known. Lee Num-suk vouched for the curriculum of Yoon's teaching of karate techniques. Students were trained according to their body size. North Korea would disappear during the Korean War. Kim Pyung-soo claims that Yoon vanished in August 1950. <mask> Byung-in went to North Korea because of his brother, a Captain in the North Korean Army. He was forced to come with him to the side of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea as he would have to leave his wife and daughter behind.As a prisoner of war, Byung-in would be imprisoned at Gojae-do Island. Between 1951 and 1966 the activities of <mask> Byung-in are not known. He taught Gyeoksul to the North Korean special forces. Master <mask> died from lung cancer in April 1983 after he was assigned to a position at a concrete factory. The martial arts teacher who taught Chinese martial arts is unknown. His name has never been given by any of his associates. It is thought that the style this martial artist taught to <mask> was either Changquan or t'ai chi ch'uan.It is known that early forms from the YMCA include Dan Kwon, Chang Kwon, Tai Jo Kwon, and Doju San. Kanken Toyama taught Shudokan Karate. 4th Dan Black is awarded by Toyama. One of the styles that Toyama studied in Taiwan was taijiquan, and he is known to have taught it to many of his advanced students. Despite heading a notable kwan in post-World War II Korea and being associated with various figures that would be involved in creation of Taekwondo, <mask> Byung-in himself was never directly involved in creation of the martial art. During the early phases of the Korean War, <mask> was taken to North Korea, but he was not involved in the unification process of the kwans that began in 1955 and ended in 1959 with the establishment of the Korea Taekwondo Association. In the 1960's, <mask> Byung-in was a martial arts instructor for the Korean People's Army and contributed to the development of Gyeoksul.The majority of kung fu practitioners and instructors in areas of Manchuria in the 1930s were of Mongolian origin. In June 1950, the North Korean Army took over most of the South Korean region. Korea Taekwondo Association was originally referred to as Korea Tang Soo Do Association. There were 1920 births and 1983 deaths of North Korean male martial artists.

masks:
Byung in Yoon
Yoon Byung
Yoon
Yoon
Yoon
Yoon
Yoon
Yoon
Yoon
Yoon
Yoon


texts: The Professor of Human Genetics at the University of Mnster was <mask>er. Freiherr is a member of the Verschuer family and is often translated as baron. He was a pioneer in the twin methodology of genetics research and the study of the inheritance of diseases and anomalies. He advocated compulsory sterilization programs in the first half of the 20th century because of his interest in racial hygiene. The war criminal was a student of his. He became a geneticist in the postwar era. He was known for his research on the effects of nuclear radiation on humans and for his warnings against the possibility of creating "scientifically improved" human beings.From 1935 to 1942, <mask> was the director of the Institute for Genetic Biology and Racial Hygiene, and from 1942 to 1948, he was the director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics. He was the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Mnster. One of the world's most prominent genetics researchers until his death, he established one of the largest centers of genetics research in West Germany. He received many memberships in learned societies after becoming Professor Emeritus. He was elected President of the German Anthropological Association in 1952. His son was an official of the European Commission. The <mask> family is well-known in the Netherlands, where it is known as van Verschuer.The title of Freiherr was granted to several family branches by the Holy Roman Emperor and the Dutch king. He was mostly of Dutch, German, Baltic German, and Swedish descent. <mask> Arnold was originally from Estonia and her family was ennobled in Russia in the mid-19th century. Brita Stuart, a Swedish noblewoman of Scottish royal descent, was his 6th great grandmother. A high-ranking official of the European Commission and the grandfather of a Belgian-German actor are related to <mask> <mask>. Verschuer was promoted to first lieutenant in 1918 after serving in the First World War. He studied medicine at the University of Marburg.He received a PhD in medicine from LMU in 1923 and abilitation at the University of Tbingen in 1927. He became head of the department for human genetics in 1927. In 1935, Verschuer became a member of the congregation of the anti-Nazi pastor Otto Fricke. He maintained a close friendship with the leader of the resistance. He joined the Nazi Party despite not being involved with politics. In the late stages of the Second World War, Verschuer directly or indirectly started to use research material obtained in the Auschwitz concentration camp, mainly through his former student. Verschuer was never tried for war crimes because he was fully cognisant of Mengele's work and even collaborated with him.Verschuer talked about Mengele's assistance in supplying the KWIfA with some "scientific materials" from Auschwitz in a report to the German Research Council. He is employed as a doctor in the concentration camp. The blood samples from the most diverse racial groups of this concentration camp are being sent to my laboratory for analysis, with the permission of the Reichsfhrer. The war conditions made it difficult for the KWIfA to procure "twin materials" for study, and Mengele's unique position at Auschwitz offered a special opportunity in this respect. The bodies of murdered Gypsies, internal organs of dead children, skeletons of two murdered Jews, and blood samples were sent to the KWIfA by Mengele and his Jewish slave assistant. He kept his position as a member of the American Eugenics Society until his death. Verschuer moved the files of the KWIfA into the western part of Germany in hopes of getting a better response from the Allied armies.He petitioned the mayor of Frankfurt to allow him to reestablish the KWIfA. Verschuer should be considered one of the most dangerous Nazi activists of the Third Reich, according to the commission in charge of rebuilding the Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft. The KWIfA wasn't reestablished. One of the largest centers of genetics research in West Germany was established in 1951 by Verschuer, who was awarded the prestigious professorship of human genetics at the University of Mnster. Verschuer reinvented himself as a genetics researcher after the war and avoided the taint of his work with Nazi eugenics. Many of his students were appointed to top positions in universities during the war. Verschuer was fined 600 Reichsmark for being a Nazi fellow traveler, a relatively mild categorization meaning someone who was neither a supporter or member of the regime nor an active opponent.During the war, he was not prosecuted for his research activities. The investigation concluded that no solid evidence could be found, and that it was likely that Verschuer had destroyed incriminating material. Major research projects on the effects of nuclear radiation on humans were led by Verschuer. He argued that eugenics should be based on human dignity and love for mankind and that he turned his back on Nazi beliefs. He warned against the creation of "scientifically improved" human beings. Verschuer died in a car accident. Fellow of the Academy of Sciences Leopoldina 1943, Fellow of the Prussian Academy of Sciences 1949, and Corresponding member of the American Society of Human Genetics 1953.Hereditary biology is a basis for the population policy. The first published in 1933 was re- published in 1936. Rassenhygiene as Wissenschaft und Staatsaufgabe was written in 1936. The book of racial hygiene was published in 1944. Eugenik. Eugenics: Coming Generations in the view of Genetics was published in 1966. Other sources include: editor1, last, first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20thMedizin im Dienst der "Erbgesundheit" is about the history of the Eugenik and Rassenhygiene. The "hereditary health": Contribution to history of Eugenics and "race hygiene" is a book. Political Whitewashing, Professional Posturing, and personal Refashioning are some of the things that happened in the career of <mask> <mask> <mask>er. There is a book called Isis, Vol. 101-2010, 722–758. Peter Degen wrote "Racial Hygienist <mask> <mask>er, the Confessing Church, and comparative reflections on postwar rehabilitation." Japan's Medical Wartime Atrocities is a book by Robert N. Proctor."'Tales from Nuremberg': The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology and Allied medical war crimes policy" was written by Paul Weindling. The second volume of the book "Doris Kaufmann, v.2 (Goettingen: Wallstein, 2000)" was published in 2000. In the name of science. The role of biologists in Nazi atrocities is a lesson for today's scientists. "<mask> <mask>er and the 'Scientific' Legitimization of Nazi Anti-Jewish Policy" was written by Eric Ehrenreich.

masks:
Otmar Freiherr von Verschu
Verschuer
Verschuer
Charlotte von
Otmar
von Verschuer
Otmar
Freiherr
von Verschu
Otmar
von Verschu
Otmar
von Verschu


texts: <mask> was an American singer, actor, and guitarist. During the 1930s through the 1960s, he performed in operas, concerts, and musicals. He played Emile de Becque in the original Broadway production of Rodgers and Hammerstein's South Pacific, replacing Ezio Pinza who played Roger Rico. He played the role for two years opposite Martha Wright and for a few weeks opposite Cloris Leachman. In the 1950s, he began performing folk music with his guitar. He founded the Philadelphia Folksong Society in 1957. Folk music was the focus of his career in the 1960s.He taught guitar and voice at the studio. <mask> was born in Reading, Pennsylvania, to parents of Irish and Pennsylvania Dutch descent. He graduated from Columbia University with a music degree. The University awarded him the Gold King's Crowns Award in his senior year. He received a master's degree in voice from the Juilliard School in 1936. He played the role of Etienne in the world premiere of Robert Russell Bennett's Maria Malbran opposite Helen Marshall and Ris Stevens. In the summer of 1934, <mask> in 1936, but they were divorced in 1946. He made his first appearance at the festival in 1936 in a concert of opera arias. During the late 1930s and 1940s, he returned to that festival several times. Richard Tauber played Canio in PAGLIACCI in the Czech Republic. He made his Carnegie Hall debut in 1941 playing the title role in a performance by the National Orchestral Association. He sang several roles with the New Opera Company in Manhattan in the early 1940s, notably portraying Prince Tomsky opposite Martha Lipton in her professional opera debut in 1941.In 1942, he starred in the world premiere of Walter Damrosch's The Opera Cloak. In the summer of 1942, he made his first appearance at the Paper Mill Playhouse. He presented the world premiere of "The Hound of Heaven" at the International Society for Contemporary Music convention. He appeared in the Blackfriars Repertory Theatre's original musical, Moment Musical, in 1943. He starred in a production of The Student Prince at the Paper Mill Playhouse. He was a regular performer at the PMP. He starred in Victor Herbert's The Fortune Teller at the Curran Theatre in San Francisco as well as at the Los Angeles Civic Light Opera.He made his Broadway debut as Sandor in Robert Wright at the New Century Theatre. The cast recording of Arthur Schwartz and Howard Dietz's musical review Inside U.S.A. was recorded in 1948. The recording was made prior to the show's premiere on Broadway. During the late 1940s and early 1960s, Britton performed in operas, musicals, and concerts throughout the United States. He played Don Andrs de Ribeira in Jacques Offenbach's La Périchole at New York's Town Hall in 1950. He played the four villains in Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann for NBC Opera Theatre and the role of Massakroff in Oscar Straus's The Chocolate Soldier on NBC's Musical Comedy Time. He made several appearances with Philadelphia's Co-Opera Company in the early 1950s.He played Emile de Becque in the original Broadway production of Rodgers and Hammerstein's South Pacific from January 1952 to January 1954. Anything Goes and Kiss Me Kate were recorded in 1953. He appeared in the United States premiere of Linda in 1961. Although initially a singer, <mask> was also a guitarist. He was interested in the music of his mother's Pennsylvania Dutch heritage. He began performing with his voice and guitar. He recorded his only solo album, "Pennsylvania Dutch Folk Songs", in 1955.The recording is in the collection at the Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage. He left classical music entirely in the mid-1960s after becoming more involved with performing folk music. He helped establish the Philadelphia Folk Festival in 1962. References External links American folk singers American male guitarists American male musical theatre actors 20th-century American male opera singers Columbia University alumni Operatic bass-baritones Actors from Reading, Pennsylvania 1910 births 1991 deaths 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American guitarists

masks:
George Britton
Britton
Career BrittonPatriciaNorton
Britton


texts: A significant figure in Catholic resistance to Nazism, <mask>'Flaherty was an Irish Catholic priest and senior official of the Roman Curia. 6,500 Allied soldiers and Jews were saved by O'Flaherty during World War II. O'Flaherty was dubbed "The Scarlet Pimpernel of the Vatican" because of his ability to evade traps. He was named a papal domestic prelate by Pope Pius XII after the Second World War and worked alongside and assisted Cardinal Ottaviani until 1960. James and Margaret moved to Killarney after <mask>'Flaherty was born. James O'Flaherty worked as a steward at the golf course where the family lived. O'Flaherty had a scholarship and a scratch handicap when he was young.Mungret College was a Jesuit college dedicated to preparing young men for missionary priesthood. Students ranged from 14 to 18 years of age. O'Flaherty was a little older than most of the students when he arrived. Some older people were allowed into the college if they had been accepted by a bishop. O'Flaherty was sponsored by the Bishop of Cape Town, who would post him after ordination, a big step for a young man who had never set foot outside of Ireland. The Irish War for Independence was ongoing when O'Flaherty was in Mungret. He was posted to Rome in 1922 to finish his studies.He served as a Vatican diplomat in Egypt, Haiti, Santo Domingo, and Czechoslovakia, but never joined his diocese. He was appointed a papal chamberlain in 1934. The Cardinal Prefect collaborated with the Sacred Congregation De Propaganda Fide to put him there. Pietro of the Fumasoni Biondi and the Pro-Rector of the Pontifical Urban College De Propaganda Fide, Monsignor Saverio Maria of the barons Paventi di San Bonaventura, began to establish his precious network of assistants with whom he managed to save. While evading German military intelligence, he was given the name of "The Scarlet Pimpernel of the Vatican". O'Flaherty toured POW camps in Italy in the early years of World War II to find out about prisoners who had been reported missing. Radio Vatican was used to assure their families if he found them alive.When Mussolini was removed from power by the King in 1943, thousands of Allied POWs were released; however, when Germany imposed an occupation over Italy, they were in danger of being captured. Some of them asked O'Flaherty for help after reaching Rome. The Holy See was the only English-speaking embassy to remain open during the war. One of the people who helped O'Flaherty was the wife of the Irish ambassador. O'Flaherty didn't need permission from his superiors. He enlisted the help of other priests, including two young New Zealanders, Owen Snedden and John Flanagan, as well as two agents working for the Free French, Franois de Vial and Yves Debroise. British Major Sam Derry was one of his aides.Derry along with British officers and escaped POWs were responsible for the security and operational organisation. O'Flaherty kept in touch with Sir D'Arcy Osborne, British Ambassador to the Holy See, and his butler John May. Allied soldiers and Jews were concealed in flats, farms and convents by O'Flaherty and his allies. O'Flaherty placed Ines Gistron and a Jewish friend in a pensione run by Canadian nuns in Rome, where they were given false IDs. The first hideout was next to the local headquarters. From his room at the Collegio Teutonico, O'Flaherty and Derry coordinated all this. O'Flaherty wore disguises outside the Vatican.The leader of the network was a priest and the Germans tried to stop him. The attempts to assassinate him failed. He could not be arrested inside the Vatican. The German ambassador told O'Flaherty that he was going to meet his contacts on the stairs of St. Peter's Basilica. The head of the Gestapo in Rome, Herbert Kappler, learned of O'Flaherty's actions and ordered a white line to be painted on the pavement. Pietro Koch, head of the Banda Koch, a special task force charged with hunting down partisans and rounding up deportees for the Germans, often spoke of his intention to torture O'Flaherty before executing him. Several others, including priests, nuns and lay people, worked in secret with O'Flaherty, and hid refugees in their own private homes around Rome.The Augustinian Maltese Fathers Egidio Galea, Aurelio Borg and Ugolino Gatt, the Dutch Augustinian Father Anselmus Musters, and the Brother Robert Pace of the Brothers of Christian Schools were all present. The Maltese-born widow, Chetta Chevalier, hid some refugees in her house with her children and escaped detection. The Basilica di San Clemente, which was under Irish diplomatic protection, was used for Jewish religious services. The escapees were still alive when the Allies arrived in Rome. O'Flaherty wanted German prisoners to be treated the same. He flew to South Africa to meet Italian POWs and to Jerusalem to visit Jewish refugees. There were 9,700 Jews in Rome.Over 5,000 of them were hidden by the Church in Castel Gandolfo, 200 or 400 by the Palatine Guard, and 1,500 in monasteries, convents and colleges. There were 3,700 hidden in private homes. At the time of Rome's liberation, O'Flaherty's and Derry's organisation cared for over 3000 escapees and men who had succeeded in evading arrest. British, South African, Russian, Greek, and American made up 1,695 of these. Twenty different nations made up the rest. Jews and other men and women who were in O'Flaherty's personal care are not included. O'Flaherty received a number of awards after the war, including an appointment as a Commander of the Order of the British Empire.He was honoured by Canada and Australia. Italy gave him a lifetime pension, but he refused to use it. He was promoted to domestic prelate in 1954. There was a ban from the Vatican in the 1950's on the form proposed by Mary Faustina Kowalska. The document that notified Catholics of the ban was signed by O'Flaherty. He was the first Irishman to be named an oirt of the Holy Office. O'Flaherty visited Herbert Kappler in prison for months at a time, being Kappler's only visitor.O'Flaherty baptised Kappler in 1959 after he converted to Catholicism. O'Flaherty was forced to return to Ireland after he suffered a serious stroke during Mass. He was due to be confirmed as the Papal Nuncio to Tanzania before his first stroke. He died at his sister's home in Cahersiveen at the age of 65. He was buried in the Daniel O'Connell Memorial Church cemetery. There is a grove of trees in the national park dedicated to him. He was the first Irish person to be honoured as a Righteous Among the Nations by the State of Israel.This is not the case according to the list of those honoured. The application to have him added to the rolls is still in progress. The dramatization of O'Flaherty was portrayed by Gregory Peck in the 1983 television film, The Scarlet and the Black, which follows the exploits of O'Flaherty from the German occupation of Rome to its liberation by the Allies. He was the second principal character in a radio play by Robin Glendinning on Kappler's time seeking asylum in the Vatican, titled The Scarlet Pimpernel of the Vatican, which was first broadcast on 30 November 2006 on Radio 4. As part of the <mask> Flaherty memorial celebrations in October of last year, Donal Courtney premired his new one-man play "God has no Country" in Killarney. The story of the O'Flaherty is told from his point of view and is a study of the torment and difficulty in the decisions he undertook in his fight for justice. TG4 broadcasted a 51-minute documentary on O'Flaherty in 2008.It is available in mixed Irish/English with English subtitles on a DVD about the story of Monsignor <mask>'Flaherty. 'The Rome Escape Line: The Story of the British Organization in Rome for assisting Escaped Prisoners-of-war 1943–44. Sam Derry and William C. Simpson wrote A Vatican Lifeline. Stephen Walker wrote Hide & Seek: The Irish Priest Who Defied the Nazi Command. J.P. Gallagher. Monsignor <mask>'Flaherty was a hero of the Vatican Underground. The Ignatius Press is in San Francisco.Monsignor <mask>'Flaherty was a wartime Exploits of the Vatican. <mask>'Flaherty: His Wartime adventures was published by Collins Press. Irish anti-fascists and diplomats from the Holy See were recipients of the Order of the British Empire.

masks:
Hugh O
Hugh O
Hugh O
Hugh O
Hugh O
Hugh O
Hugh O


texts: <mask> was an Iranian-born refugee and Australian citizen who took hostages in a siege at the Lindt Chocolate Café at Martin Place. Monis and two hostages were killed in the siege. <mask> was granted political asylum in Australia in 2001 despite having a warrant out for his arrest in Iran. <mask> claimed to be an Iranian intelligence official, a political activist, a spiritual healer, an outlaw bikie and a Muslim cleric. He changed his name to "Michael Hayson Mavros", "Sheikh <mask>", and "Ayatollah <mask>" after he was diagnosed with schizophrenia. <mask> told some women that they needed to submit to sexual molestation in order to receive treatment. <mask> was charged with being an accessory to the murder of his ex-wife, as well as over 40 counts of sexual assault.He had recently converted from Shia Islam to Sunni Islam and attended rallies promoting conspiracy theories about Australian security agencies. He declared his loyalty to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant while on bail. <mask> was born in Borujerd, Iran in 1964. In 1996 he published a book of poetry in Iran. <mask> was disappointed that it did not sell well. <mask> used to buy discounted tires from the Iranian government and resell them on the black market. He ran a charity scam to avoid paying taxes.In 2001, he claimed in an interview with ABC Radio National's The Religion Report that he had been involved with the Iranian ministry of intelligence and security, and that his criticism of the regime and secret information he possessed had resulted in his persecution. He claimed during an ABC Radio interview that his family's imprisonment was due to their views on the Iranian government. David Ruteledge was the journalist who interviewed him. Australia granted his request for political asylum. He claimed that his wife and children were taken away from him by the Iranian authorities because of his liberal views on Islam. According to London-based Persian TV channel Manoto 1, he fled Iran after taking $200,000 of his customers' money. According to Iran's official news agency, he was under investigation by Iranian police at the time he was granted asylum, and Australian police did not extradite him despite several requests.Some commentators are concerned about the immigration and citizenship process. Iran's chief of police told reporters that <mask> had a long history of violent crime and fraud in Iran and had fled to Malaysia and then Australia. Since Australia doesn't have a treaty with Iran, they didn't extradite <mask> to Iran. His refugee status prevented him from being extradited. Iran provided information to the Australian government about his criminal record, mental and spiritual status, according to the Islamic Republic News Agency. He was granted asylum in Australia despite this. Iranian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Marzieh Afkham questioned the decisions made by the Australian government after several discussions in which <mask>'s criminal status in Iran was made clear.He was a refugee when he moved to Australia in 1996. He obtained a one-month business visa to enter the country. When his business visa expired, he applied for a protection visa and was granted a bridging visa. Between March and June 1997, <mask> was able to carry a pistol because he had a security guard licence. He went on a one-day hunger strike in 2000 to draw attention to his cause after he chained himself to a pole. In the early 2000s, he began to sexually assault women while pretending to be a spiritual healer. <mask> changed his name to Michael Hayson Mavros.He was known as Mavros and seemed to bebracing a secular life. He was granted Australian citizenship in 2004. He changed his name to <mask> <mask>. There were more than 40 calls to the National Security Hotline when Monis was investigated by the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation. Monis wasn't a threat after the family of his partner called the National Security Hotline. Monis was on the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation's watch-list in 2008 and 2009, but was dropped off for reasons that weren't specified. In 2009, Monis gave a lecture calling for an Islamic society and taunting foreign governments saying "your intelligence service is not working properly."Monis lived with a housemate for six months in 1998. Monis said that he was a senior member of the clergy in Iran and that he always locked his bedroom door when he went to the bathroom. Monis said that he was in financial hardship and had to borrow money. <mask> and Morsy dated for six months in 2003 and he gave her gold necklaces and drove her to dates in a Mercedes, car and Jeep. Monis claimed he was busy with his "spiritual consultation" and was unable to be contacted after 8 pm. Morsy described him as secretive, very reserved, and wanting to fit in. His family had reservations about his personality.Monis married a woman who was a client of his business. He told people at a mosque that he had a wife in Iran and kept his blinds closed. <mask> was charged with intimidation of his ex-wife after a confrontation in a McDonald's car park in Green Valley. <mask> told his ex-wife that he had a gun licence. <mask> was reported to the National Security Hotline by the family of Droudis. He didn't want to have his photo taken at Christmas. He was vague about where he worked and gave them the appearance of having money.He was rarely forthcoming with any direct or detailed answers. Sylvia Martin talked to Monis during a meeting with his former wife. Monis was described as prone to "grandiosity" and a "hero in his own story" by her. His ex-wife said that Monis had manipulated her and that around 2007, he became more strict and told her to wear a veil, and restricted her from singing and dancing. I want to be a martyr. Monis was charged with accessory to murder after his ex-wife's body was found in a stairwell. Monis was charged with being an accessory before the fact and an accessory after the fact after he was charged with murder.<mask> and Amirah were granted bail after appearing before the Penrith Local Court. The prosecutor's case against the pair was weak and there were flaws in it. <mask> claimed that the Iranian Secret Police and theASIO were trying to frame him for the murder. All theories need to be examined. After telling the court that he was representing himself, <mask> began discussing documents that he claimed were held by theASIO. He claimed that theASIO wanted him to be jailed. Monis was told by Baptie that she had no power to order the release of documents and that he should stop talking.Following the adjournment of the case, <mask> wore chains and held a sign that claimed he had been tortured in custody. He said that the case was not a criminal one. This is a political case. <mask> told people in Australia that he had worked for the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence and Security and had knowledge about Iran's covert operations, and that he fled Iran because of this. An Iranian embassy official stated that <mask>' claim to have worked in intelligence and security in Iran was a lie. <mask> claimed to be the secretary of the Iranian intelligence department. After 9/11, <mask> called theASIO and asked for a reward for information about Iran.He asked theASIO to pay him to be an Informant. Monis claimed to be a Shia cleric. The head of the Australian Federation of Islamic Councils believed that Monis could be a fake and that no Islamic community leaders knew anything about him. On January 28, 2008, Australia's senior Shia leader and head of the Supreme Islamic Shia Council of Australia told The Australian that Monis was not a genuine Shia spiritual leader. He asked the government to investigate his identity. "From the way he writes his fatwas, I don't think he's a Shia Muslim", he said. Monis was involuntarily hospitalized in 2010 after displaying bizarre and erratic behavior in a parking lot.Monis needed to be on anti-psychotic medication according to a Psychiatrist who assessed him. Monis stated that he was forced to close his spiritual business, was $20,000 in debt, and had to change his name for security reasons. Monis was given different information by two different psychiatrists who didn't know about the other. He was reticent to give too much information and refused to give his phone number or home address. According to a psychologist who grew up in Iran, he was worried thatASIO and police could read his mind. He hid his use of medication from authorities by avoiding buying it with his Medicare card. Monis was said to be paranoid because he thought people might be able to read his lips.<mask> was diagnosed with personality disorders after his death. <mask> and Droudis wrote letters to the families of soldiers killed in Afghanistan in order to protest against the presence of Australian troops. Justice Dyson Heydon of the High Court said that the letters compared the soldier's son to a pig and a dirty animal. The son's body is called contaminated. It is referred to as the dirty body of a pig. Hitler is not inferior to the son in moral merit. Monis was charged with using a postal service to menace, harass or cause offence.Droudis was given a good-behaviour bond for assisting Monis in sending the letters. She dropped her appeal on March 12th. On 10 November 2009, Monis appeared in court and claimed to be a peace activist. He chained himself to the courthouse to protest the charges. The courts barred Monis from expanding his protest to include letters to UK soldiers' families. Lawyer Chris Murphy said in an inquest that Monis claimed to be contacting people who had suffered loss in war to join his cause. Murphy said that he didn't think he was very smart.Murphy said that Monis held a pen in the air and said "this is my sword" as he chained himself to the courthouse. Monis was described as apest and a dickhead by lawyers. The conversations with Monis were exhausting. Monis claimed that families of dead soldiers were not upset at his letters, but thatASIO was putting them up to it. He said that Monis cried like a baby while in prison. A lawyer said he wanted to be the center of attention in the media. The three-judge panel of the Court of Criminal Appeal unanimously dismissed Monis' case after he argued that the charges against him were invalid because they interfered with his constitutional freedom of political communication.The six-judge panel split over the issue after further appeal to the High Court of Australia. At the time of <mask>'s case appearing before the High Court of Australia, one seat was vacant and yet to be filled. Failing to get a majority vote in <mask>'s favor, the lower court's unanimous decision was left to stand. <mask>' appeal against his conviction for criminal use of the postal service resulted in a split decision of the High Court. The decision related to his protest against the presence of Australian troops in Afghanistan, which he expressed by sending letters to the families of soldiers killed there in which he called the soldiers murderers and urged the families to petition the government to remove its troops from Afghanistan. One of the letters compared a dead soldier to a pig. He sent letters to the families of British soldiers and the mother of a government official who was killed in Jakarta.Monis was sentenced to 300 hours of community service and banned from using the Australian postal service after pleading guilty. According to The Age, this conviction consumed him for several years, and the hostage incident followed three days after an unsuccessful attempt to have the conviction overturned. There were flaws in the Crown's case that led to Monis being granted bail. The Rebels Motorcycle Club Monis was photographed with a "1%" logo while trying to join the club. According to members of the club, he was "strange and weird" and that he didn't have any money. He was kicked out of the club. Monis ran a "spiritual healing" business and promoted himself as an expert in "astrology, numerology, meditation and black magic" services.Monis told vulnerable women that they could only receive treatment if they undressed and allowed him to massage their breasts and genitals. If they refused, he would put curses on them. Monis was arrested and charged with sexual assault of a young woman after seeing an advertisement in a local newspaper. A further 40 charges were added, including 22 counts of sexual assault and 14 counts of indecent assault, against six more women who had visited his business. Monis told his lawyers that his hate-mail campaign was to make the families of dead soldiers support peace. Commercial news media in Australia condemned Monis for making videos with his girlfriend, expressing happiness about the Holocaust and attacking rape victims. Monis ran protests outside of their studios against Channel Seven for their coverage of the Muhamed Haneef affair.He yelled "You are a killer and a terrorist" at the television hosts. Monis would often put on clerical garb and chain himself to a post visible from the Channel Seven live studio, handing out pamphlets declaring there was a "War on Islam" - leading the network to move studios when broadcasting the Sunrise program. "If you want to kill people, why not use the tools of your own trade like a plague or a disease?" said a pamphlet handed out by Monis to Sunrise. Channel Seven and the Australian Communications and Media Authority dismissed <mask>' complaints. During the prosecution of Monis's letters, Kevin Rudd made public his consideration of changes to citizenship laws. Tony Abbott and Kevin Rudd were attacked by Monis on social media. His criticisms of Abbott were related to Australia's military presence in Afghanistan.Rudd made a statement on changing immigration laws after <mask> was charged with seven counts of harassment. Monis had 14,000 "likes" on his Facebook account before it was taken down. Monis had a picture of Osama bin Laden on his website. Monis was radicalised by members of the group. The Uthman Badar lecture titled 'Honour Killings are Morally Justified' was canceled after Monis attended a presentation by Uthman Badar. Anne Davies of the Sydney Morning Herald described Monis as a little unstable. He seemed a little weird.He told me that he didn't think giving speeches would be enough. In October of last year, <mask> wrote a letter to George Brandis' office asking for advice on the legality of communicating with the terrorist group. Monis claimed to have converted from Shia Islam to Sunni Islam. An announcement on his now-suspended website stated that he used to be a Rafidi, but not anymore. I am now a Muslim. "Rafidi", which means "one who rejects" in Arabic, is used by Sunnis to insult Shias. Monis pledged his loyalty to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, leader of the Islamic State, whose main enemies are the Shi'a.On the day before taking a group of people hostage, Monis posted to his website: Australian Muslim commentators said that his conversion to Sunni Islam was less out of genuine religious conviction than designed to provide credibility in seeking an association with IS, as one can't really claim to love IS. He was a self-proclaimed sheikh, but not in the Islamic community. Australian Muslim religious authorities and mosques didn't like him because of his problematic personal and criminal history. Police and intelligence agencies have not found any connections between Monis and terrorist groups. The Lindt Cafe Siege took place on the morning of December 15, 2014, across from a Seven Network television studio. Hostages were made to hold up a Black Standard with the shahdah written in white Arabic text. Government offices, financial institutions, and Martin Place railway station were evacuated and locked down.Some hostages were able to escape. The event lasted over 16 hours and ended when hostages ran for the exit. Monis forced the cafe manager to kneel before shooting him in the head. Monis was confirmed to have died in the ensuing confrontation with police in the early hours of the following morning after police tactical officers decided to storm the cafe. Two of the hostages died and several others were wounded. In a website posting prior to the hostage incident, <mask> denied all the charges against him, accusing the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence and Australia'sASIO of framing him. When <mask>'s body was released by the New South Wales Coroner, no one claimed it, and he was buried in an undisclosed location.Monis was listed under mentally disturbed individuals who have launched recent violent attacks justified with Islamist ideas or slogans. The perpetrators of the 2016 Munich knife attack and the shooter at Parliament Hill in Canada are other examples. According to psychiatrists and psychologists who study radicalisation, jihad propaganda and calls to kill the infidels can push mentally ill individuals to act. The Prime Minister was briefed by the Australian Federal Police that Monis had a gun licence, but later found out he wasn't a registered firearms licence holder. The review will be headed by Michael Thawley from the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet and Blair Comley from the New South Wales Department of Premier and Cabinet. The investigation will look at how Monis was able to slip through state and federal security and legal nets. There were no threats of violence after a call was made to the national security hotline.On December 16, 2014, officers from the New South Wales Police Force and the Australian Federal Police went to the Belmore home of <mask>' partner, and removed property. Her bail was revoked. In November 2016 Droudis was found guilty of the murder of Monis' ex-wife. Michael Barnes presided over the inquest into the deaths at the Lindt Cafe. The goal is to determine how the deaths occurred, the factors that contributed to them and whether they could have been prevented. The review was released in February. A list of terrorist incidents in Australia, as well as External links 1964 births, 21st-century Australian criminals, and Iranian criminals.

masks:
Man Haron Monis
Monis
Monis
Haron
Mohammed Manteghi Boroujerdi
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Manteghi
Monis
Monis
Monis
Man Haron
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis
Monis