texts: A Cuban-born American attorney, diplomat, journalist, and political advocate is named <mask><mask>. He was the first Director of the Office of Legislative Statecraft at the Embassy of the United States in Baghdad. Bush as Republican Senior Nominations Counsel on the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary and Judicial Affairs Counsel to then-Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist. <mask> was born in 1959 in Havana. In 1962, he and his parents moved to Spain and then to the United States, where he settled in New York City. His father and sister were naturalized as American citizens in 1976. He graduated from Our Lady of Mount Carmel School with honors.He obtained the highest graduation award at the school, the Pvt. There is a scholarship named after Louis J. Willet. He earned a Bachelor of Science in Foreign Service from the Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University. He was the student representative on the Walsh School's Executive Committee and the president of Alpha Phi Omega. He received the Alumni LifetimeDistinguished Service Award from Alpha Phi Omega. While at Georgetown, <mask> took a leave of absence in 1980 to work on international refugee assistance as a Junior Operations Officer for the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration in Switzerland, taking assignments to Madrid, Thailand and the Philippines. In the summer of 1981 he completed a round-the-world tour, traveling solo to 17 countries to study international responses to refugee crises.<mask> was the first Charles Rummel Scholar at the University of California, Hastings College of the Law. He worked for the Dean and Chancellor as a research associate and as chief research editor of the International & Comparative Law Review. <mask> has been admitted to the Bar of the State of New York for over 30 years without interruption, as well as to the Maryland Bar. He began his career in the canyons of Wall Street after a long legal career at some of the world's most prominent international law firms. Mobil Oil Corporation, Ramada Renaissance, International Finance Corporation, InterAmerican Development Bank, Bank of America, Irving Trust, Bank of New York, Credit Lyonnais, National Grid (UK), Caterpillar, PEMEX, and King Ranch were his clients. <mask> grew in the area of corporate governance. He has organized and structured a number of non-profit organizations.The control of Georgetown University's alumni association and alumni annual fund was the subject of a four- year litigation. <mask> was recognized by the court as the legal representative of all Georgetown alumni after defeating Williams & Connolly. The case established the law of the District of Columbia on a number of corporate governance issues. Georgetown wrapped up all the actions at the end. <mask> represented the Russian Orthodox Church of America, including advice in internecine battles over the control of parish corporate boards and a national audit of the Church's exposure. He has assisted clients in immigration, corporate governance and crisis management, and as canon law counsel to Oscar-winning screenwriter and producer of The Exorcist, William Peter Blatty, winning for him a favorable result at the Vatican in a case against Georgetown University. <mask> joined the staff of the United States Senate in 2001 and was assigned to the Committee on the Judiciary as Nominations Counsel.Senate Democrats started a new strategy to block the appellate court nominees of President George W. Bush using process requests to disguise ideological litmus tests. <mask> argued that the attack on William H. Pryor showed anti-Catholic bigotry. The strategy made opponents angry. The Republican messaging was called "tawdry and diabolical" by Senator Dianne Feinstein. Chaput wrote that Senate Democrats were engaging in a new kind of religious discrimination against Catholics. <mask> was Judicial Affairs Counsel to the new Senate Majority Leader. He orchestrated four historic Senate floor events with Vice President Dick Cheney presiding, including a 40-hour debate, and an unprecedented national media campaign, as a top leadership staffer.Bill Frist was the Majority Leader when he retired from the Senate. There has never been more news and editorial coverage of judicial nominees than in 2003 and no Senate Majority Leader has spent more Senate floor time debating judicial nominees. In less than a year, the public opinion of the Republicans changed from 2 to 1 against them to 2 to 1 for their position that every nominee deserved a vote. Judicial nominations were an issue in the 2002 and 2004 elections and have been in senate and presidential elections ever since. Democrats lost their majority leader in 2004, tom Daschle, because of that issue. <mask> is credited with a lot. In order to avoid the debacle experienced in 1987 with the nomination of Robert Bork, <mask> devised the "Miranda Plan," which ensured rapid endorsement on the record of a Republican president's Supreme Court nominees.<mask> was the highest ranking Hispanic in the Senate Republican staff. The Wall Street Journal published an editorial entitled "He is Latino" on the last morning of the Senate's 40-hour debate on judicial filibusters. The Memogate scandal began when Democrats would accuse Republicans of stealing their confidential strategy memos, Republicans would demand an investigation of Democrats, and the Press took sides in a two year debate over which of those two stories was true. In February 2004, <mask> resigned his Senate position and called for an investigation of the Democrat memos. National Review published his resignation letter. The Republicans leadership surrender that launched <mask> as a conservative hero was suggested by his resignation. <mask> believed that he was entitled to read the documents on his desktop if they were evidence of corruption.A report prepared by the Sergeant at Arms concluded that a clerk in the Republican Majority's Nominations Unit admitted to them that he had accessed Democratic files over the Committee's computer system. While Democrats demanded his demise, <mask> published a law review article on the law and ethics of Memogate and then brought a lawsuit to invite a federal judge to give him a declaratory judgment on their claims against him. Soon after leaving the Senate, <mask> became a Visiting Legal Fellow at the Heritage Foundation working for former Attorney General Ed Meese, and a regular columnist for the Wall Street Journal. <mask> issued a statement noting again that nothing had been "stolen" and that he was accused of perjury for claiming he was not aware of the source of the Memogate documents. Before working in the Senate, <mask> was a public advocate for many years. He has made over 200 radio and television appearances in English and Spanish. He graduated from Georgetown University with a history of advocacy.<mask> helped pioneer the "constitutional option" on Senator Bill Frist's leadership team, and after leaving Capitol Hill, he organized the "National Coalition to End Judicial Filibusters" to support the "nuclear option" or "constitutional option". The idea was to have Vice President Dick Cheney, acting as President of the Senate, rule unconstitutional the Senate's six decade old application to judicial nominations of the filibuster rule, now being used in an unprecedented manner to stall Bush administration judicial nominees. The Coalition was renamed the "Third Branch Conference" after the Gang of 14 compromise put off the high stakes Senate confrontation. As Chairman of the Third Branch Conference, <mask> became a leading conservative voice on judicial nominations, coming to lead conservatives in opposing the nomination of Miers to the Supreme Court. During the Bush presidency, that opposition became a turning point for conservatives. <mask> received the Ronald Reagan Award. The ACU President told the audience that the nomination of Sam Alito would not have been made if it weren't for the coalition that he put together.Our court system is an important reason why this country is great. I have been thanking the country that took in my mother and father and their two young children. <mask> formed another coalition at the end of 2006 called Families First on Immigration. It was to promote a compromise to immigration legal reform based on a seven-point program called "Good Stewards, Good Neighbor." Tony Perkins summarized the proposal in his 2008 book on faith and policy. <mask> served as the first Director of the Office for Legislative Statecraft at the United States Embassy in Iraq. He oversaw organizational change experts, lawyers and programs designed to stand up the Iraqi Council of Ministers secretariat and the Prime Minister's Legal Office.According to a 2008 report from the US Agency for International Development, <mask> brokered a reconciliation between the Iraq and Kurdistan Bars that increased access to justice for the Iraqi people. In 2007, he brought Iraq and Iraqi Kurdistan's legal leaders to Washington, arranging visits for them with White House counsel, Chief Justice John Roberts, and key House and Senate leaders. <mask> made news in 2008 when she sent a memo to the U.S. Ambassador Crocker was leaked. Dana Milbank has external links. The first chapter of Homo Politicus. <mask> was the Senate majority leader's top adviser on judicial nominees before the "memogate" scandal became public.The Memogate Papers: The Politics, Ethics, and Law of a Republican Surrender was published by the Texas Review of Law & Politics. Rev. L & Pol 147 were published in 2004. The lesson of Memogate is not: he should not have read it. The nature of the fight for the independence of the judiciary and the reputations of unfairly treated judicial nominees is not business as usual or a game of pattycake. The relationship between Senate Democrats and their liberal interest groups was revealed in the memo. The groups seem to have a say in the strategy of the senators, including whether to hold hearings, when to hold hearings, the need to delay a nominee to influence a court decision, and so on.Senate Democrats have enormous influence over them. They have influence because of the resources they can bring to a judicial battle. The people who back these groups are important Democrat donors. There was a couch in the Capitol Hill house that belonged to a former congressional staffer. Two minutes before Bush finished speaking, a well-connected conservative lawyer named <mask> sent out an email message condemning the choice to his extensive list of activists. The president has made possibly the worst unqualified choice since Abe Fortas, who was the president's lawyer, <mask> wrote. Other conservative leaders expressed disappointment within hours.

masks:
Manuel A
. Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Miranda
Manuel Miranda
Miranda


type: paraphrased

texts: The first provost of the College of Philadelphia was an Episcopal priest named <mask>. He was the founder of both Washington College and St. John's College. <mask> was the son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Duncan<mask>. He claimed a master's degree from the University of Aberdeen. He received degrees from Aberdeen, the University of Oxford, and Trinity College, Dublin. <mask> wrote a pamphlet about education. <mask> was asked to teach at the University of Pennsylvania after Benjamin Franklin and Richard Peters took possession of the book.<mask> was the first provost of the school in 1755. The post was held by him until 1779. <mask> and <mask> were jailed in 1758 for their criticism of the military policy in the colony. During the French and Indian War, <mask> published anti-Quaker pamphlets that advocated the disenfranchisement of the political elite in Pennsylvania. The anti-Quaker sentiment ran high due to the fact that the government couldn't provide funds for defense because of their pacifist beliefs. <mask>'s second pamphlet, A Brief View of the Conduct of Pennsylvania, For the Year 1755, suggested that one way of "ridding our Assembly of Quakers" would be to require an oath. Franklin was allied with the Pennsylvania Assembly and was angered by <mask>'s attacks.<mask> was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 <mask> Smith was a politician who served in both the Pennsylvania and Wisconsin state legislatures. Smith advocated for the Church of England to appoint a bishop in America, a proposal that was highly controversial and worried many Americans. Smith received degrees from the University of Oxford, the University of Aberdeen, and Trinity College, Dublin. He was a member of the American Philosophical Society. Smith was the founding editor of The American Magazine, or Monthly Chronicle for the British Colonies, the first publication of its kind, which appeared from October 1757 until October 1758, when publication ceased due to a libel action initiated by the Pennsylvania Assembly. Smith's best known work is "Bouquet's Expedition Against the Ohio Indians in 1765), an account of the last campaign in Pontiac's War, led by Colonel Henry Bouquet."<mask> was in a bind when the American Revolution broke out. He founded a college named for George Washington in the midst of war, even though he was viewed as a Loyalist. John Dickinson, Samuel Miles, and Joseph Reed were some of the notables who served on the Philadelphia Committee of Correspondence. Forced to leave Philadelphia, <mask> moved to Maryland where he found and became the first president of Washington College, an institution that he intended to be the premiere academic institution of the region; it received almost exclusive patronage from the first President of the United States, George Washington. After the war, he returned to Philadelphia where he worked at the University of Pennsylvania. The western region of the state was his final project. Rev. founded Huntingdon, Pennsylvania.The first leaders of the government were <mask> and his sons. A patron of <mask>'s and having some unfortunate personal tragedies motivated her interest in the spread of religion. <mask> named his real estate venture after her. The Juniata River is in central Pennsylvania. The Church of England needed to return to the path of righteousness. She supported <mask>'s interests and found it easier to work towards righteousness in the "low" church or what became called Methodism. The problems that the colonials had with the Church of England were shown by <mask>.The first free and voluntary Convention of the American (Anglican) Priesthood was held in Philadelphia on May 1, 1760. The attendees needed an American entree. <mask> was working towards that goal. There was a practical part to this. To get more priests for work in the colonies, ordination of priests had to be done by a bishop. The bishop was in England. It was risky to travel to and from England in those days.There were many priests who didn't survive the trip. There was a problem with priests in the colonies. The colonies were under the control of the Bishop of London and he was not going to do anything that would hurt the Royal's reputation. <mask> had trouble getting the Privy Council in England to pay attention to his pleas for the King to approve the consecration of a bishop that would reside in the American colonies. The time was not right according to the archbishop. The same King the Americans revolted against was the head of the Church of England. King George III's "mental" illness of an inherited biochemical etiology (porphyria) was rather unpredictable and caused great havoc in the order of things, according to a modern look back at this period.Before the Revolution, there was no approval for an American bishop. After that, the American priests turned to the Scottish bishops. The first American bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church was Samuel Seabury. This was thought to be "almost proper". Things had to be perfect in the post-Revolutionary era. With all the political activity by <mask> working for an American bishop on both sides of the Atlantic, the question was why he wasn't elevated to that station. The reports were handed down by the Rev.Dr. <mask> was too fond of the grape to be worthy of such consecration. The University of Pennsylvania has a biography and portrait of <mask>.

masks:
William Smith
Smith
) Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
William Moore
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
William
Smith
Smith
Smith
William Smith
Smith
Smith
William Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
William Smith


texts: The playwright and activist <mask> was fromLithuania. Landsbergis was encouraged to speakLithuanian by his friend Petras VIleiis at iauliai Gymnasium. He worked at the telegraph offices in Moscow and Crimea after graduating from a telegraph school. He joined the cultural life ofLithuania in 1884. His house was a gathering place for manyLithuanian intellectuals and he contributed articles to the illegal periodicals Varpas and kininkas. He was forced to leaveLithuania in 1894 due to these activities. He was sentenced to two years of exile in 1901 after being arrested and imprisoned for ten weeks in 1900.He became administrator of Vilniaus inios after returning in 1904. Landsbergis was devoted to the amateur theater. He was a critic of many of the early performances. He was an active member of the Rta Society in Vilnius, the Daina Society in Kaunas, and the Varpas Society in iauliai. Theater performances, concerts, and cultural evenings were organized by all of these societies. More than 130 plays were directed or played by him. The plays written by Landsbergis were well suited for the amateur theater.His most important works were a drama about a folk hero and a melodrama about a royal family. A ministerialis who lived at the Werden Abbey in 1055 traced the roots of Landsbergis to an old German. Their last name is "land mountain" in the Duchy of Berg. Landsbergis used his last name from around 1890 when he translated the name to Lithuanian. The family manor is near Pumpnai. His father's death left the family in a difficult financial situation and they relied on assistance from a local nobility committee. His family was involved in the Uprising of 1863.At the age of 10, Landsbergis moved to Jelgava and later attended iauliai Gymnasium but did not finish it. He became friends with Petras VIleiis, who encouraged him to speak Lithuanian and support the National Revival. He got a job at the telegraph in Moscow in 1871 after studying at a telegraph school. He studied at the Moscow University and passed exams to become a lawyer. He was the director of a telegraph station in Crimea in the 19th century. In 1884, he lived in the village near Linkuva and oversaw the estates. He became acquainted with Gabriel Petkeviait-Bit, his first wife's cousin, and started contributing articles to Varpas and kininkas, which were illegal in the Russian Empire due to the Lithuanian press ban.About 50 articles and correspondences on issues of the Lithuanian language in public life, relations of Lithuanians and other nationalities, and Polonized Lithuanian nobility were contributed by him. Vincas Kudirka was one of the intellectuals who met at Landsbergis' house. Marija Jasienskyt was married to Pranas Maiotas in 1894. Landsbergis was forced to leaveLithuania due to suspicions about his involvement in book smuggler activities. He was an inspector at the 1st City Hospital. He kept in touch with various activists, including with Juozas Tumas-Vaigantas. After the success of America in the Bathhouse in 1899, Lithuanian activists wanted to host more theater performances in the summer of 1900.The activists were arrested in October 1900 and sent to a prison in Liepja for ten weeks. He lost his job in Moscow because his family bribed Russian policemen, according to his son's memoirs. The order sentencing 24Lithuanians to various terms of exile was signed by Nicholas II of Russia. Landsbergis was sentenced to two years of exile. Landbsbergis settled in Vilnius after returning toLithuania in March 1904. The Lithuanian press ban was lifted in the spring of 2016 and Landsbergis helped organize the printing press, bookstore, and periodical Vilniaus inios. He was the daily administrator.During the Russian Revolution of 1905, Landsbergis and others organized the Great Seima of Vilnius which resolved to seek independence forLithuania in the Russian Empire. He was active in the cultural life ofLithuania. He was a founding member of the Lithuanian Scientific Society. The founding meeting of the Union of Lithuanian Teachers was held in his apartment in October 1905. He was most active in the amateur theater ofLithuania. He was a director, actor, playwright, and critic. The Kankls of Vilnius Society was founded and chaired by him.The opera was adapted from a drama written by Landsbergis. The Daina Society was also involved with Landsbergis. He was an active member of the Daina Society. He moved to iauliai where he worked as an inspector at an insurance company. The plays staged by Landsbergis were Piln kunigaiktis, Mindaugas, and Du keliu. In April 1915, Landsbergis evacuated from iauliai and returned to Vilnius, where he organized cultural evenings on behalf of theLithuanian Society for the Relief of War Sufferers. His last play was staged in 1916.Landsbergis died of poor health in 1916 and was buried in the cemetery. While living in Russia, Landsbergis published a few works for children. The melodrama was staged and published in 1906. The first Lithuanian opera was adapted by Mikas Petrauskas. The drama Blinda, svieto lygintojas (Blinda, the Leveller of the World) was the most important work of Landsberg. The drama was published in 1908. It elevated Blinda to a folk hero.The drama reflected revolutionary moods of 1905–1907 and explored social and class conflicts between Lithuanians, Polish nobility, and Russian officials. He published three comedies for the amateur theater of the time. Caught! Tarnait pamok was taught by Jurgis Durnelis. Blaivinink pirmininkas was published in 1913. His works were popular as they featured comic situations and lively dialogues, but the characters were not well developed and their motives were not explained. The works of Landsbergis tended to be educational.He simplified the plot, reduced the number of acts from eight to four, and reduced the religious imagery of the play. The play is based on the Romantic German tradition of Golo becoming a tragic character and not a black-and-white villain. A fire in iauliai during World War I caused the loss of many Landsbergis documents and manuscripts. His works were published in 1972 Lithuanian dramatists and playwrights, as well as Moscow State University alumni, were buried at the cemetery.


texts: <mask> was sentenced to death in 1989 for the murder of <mask>s. <mask> was the first black woman executed in the United States. The United States of America resumed executions in 1977. The execution of <mask> was chronicled in a documentary by Liz Garbus. <mask> was the second of eight children. After <mask>'s last sibling was born, her father left home and the family lived in public housing. At the age of 12 <mask> was hit by a truck and knocked unconscious, and at 14 or 15 she was stabbed in the left temple.<mask>'s abilities were found to be impaired and she had an IQ of 69. The left hemisphere of her brain was malfunctioning, impairing her comprehension, her ability to logically express herself, and her ability to analyze cause and effect relationships. <mask> was found to be more vulnerable to a loss of control under stress because he was more chronically vulnerable to becoming disorganized by everyday stresses. She dropped out of high school when she was 17. <mask> was sharing an apartment with Dedra Pettus when she died. They got into an argument and <mask> shot and killed Pettus. <mask> stated in her 1981 confession that she accidentally shot Pettus from roughly 30 feet away.The forensic evidence was inconsistent with <mask>'s story, and a police expert believed that <mask> had pistol-whipped Pettus, then shot her at point-blank range. <mask> received a four-year sentence after pleading guilty to a manslaughter charge. She was sentenced for two years. Pettus was buried in Oklahoma City. After the death of Dedra Pettus, <mask> was living with her girlfriend <mask> Leathers. The two met in prison and had a violent relationship. Leathers was shot in front of The Village Police Department in Oklahoma City.There was a dispute at the grocery store fifteen minutes before the shooting. A city officer escorted the two women to their house and stood by as Leathers collected her belongings. Leathers and her mother were going to file a complaint. <mask> shot Leathers in the abdomen when he exited the car. The shooting was witnessed by Leathers' mother. Two police officers heard the shot fired, but no one from the police department witnessed the shooting. The police recovered a gun they believe was used in the shooting.Leathers died from the injury three days later. Leathers was buried in Oklahoma. <mask> was charged with murder and the state said it would seek the death penalty. The self-defense argument at <mask>'s trial was based on the fact that Leathers had stabbed a woman to death in Oklahoma in 1979. <mask> testified that she was afraid of Leathers because she bragged to her about the killing. The testimony from Leathers' mother was sought to corroborate this claim. The court prohibited the introduction of such testimony because it was considered hearsay.<mask> was depicted as a liar. The jury found her guilty and sentenced her to death. During the punishment phase, the prosecutors argued that <mask> should be sentenced to death because she had previously been convicted of a felony involving the use or threat of violence, and she committed the murder to avoid arrest or prosecution. The jury found that the first two circumstances existed in <mask>'s case. Good relationship with her family, good work habits, and her fear of the victim were presented in her defense. The prosecution presented testimony about the circumstances of the death of Dedra Pettus and compared them to the death of Leathers. In a 1991 affidavit, her defense lawyer David Presson stated that after the trial he learned that when <mask> was 15 years old, her IQ was measured at 69, placing her "just within the upper limit of the classification of mental retardation" according to the psychologist who analyzed her.The lawyer stated that he did not seek medical or psychological records for the trial. A psychologist evaluated <mask> in 1995 and found clear and convincing evidence of cognitive and sensory-motor deficits and brain function possibly linked to an adolescent head injury. Governor Frank Keating appointed three of the five members of the Oklahoma Pardon and Parole Board. Keating considered giving <mask> a stay if the Oklahoma Pardon and Parole Board had enough information about her education. <mask>'s attorneys argued that she was in the range of intellectual disability because of her score on the IQ test she took in the 1970s. During the penalty phase of her trial, <mask> testified that she received a medical assistant certificate from a college and graduated from high school. <mask> dropped out of high school at 16 and never completed the medical assistant program.<mask> was on death row for 12 years. Her application for clemency was denied. She became a born-again Christian while in prison. <mask> was executed by lethal injection by the State of Oklahoma on January 11, 2001 at Oklahoma State Penitentiary in McAlester, according to the Reverend Robin Meyers, who served as <mask>'s spiritual adviser. Twenty-four relatives of murder victim Gloria Leathers and manslaughter victim Dedra Pettus traveled there for the execution. Behind a tinted window, many of them watched the execution. "Father, forgive them," <mask> said while lying on the gurney.They don't know what they do. She smiled at her appeal lawyer, Steve Presson, and stuck her tongue out. He says she was dancing on the mattress while they tried to kill her. She died at 9:21 pm. Leathers' relatives expressed their satisfaction with the execution. She was buried in Oklahoma City. There are people who have been executed in Oklahoma and women who have been executed in the United States.<mask> was executed in 2002. The New York Times. On 11-11-2007. Dimitra Kessenides is a person. <mask> was executed. Salon.com was founded in 2002. On 11-11-2007.Adam Buckley Cohen. Who was <mask>? The United States executed a black woman. The Advocate is a newspaper. On 11-11-2007. <mask> <mask> is concerned about the death penalty in the USA. The human rights organization,Amnesty International, was founded in 2000.On 11-11-2007. <mask> <mask> was put to death. USA Today was published in 2001. On 11-11-2007. <mask> <mask>. The prosecuting attorney in Clark County. On 11-11-2007.<mask> <mask> v State of Oklahoma was heard by the Court of Criminal Appeals in 1994. 21st-century executions of American people include the murder of American women and the execution of African-American people.

masks:
Wanda Jean Allen
Gloria Jean Leather
Allen
Wanda Jean
Wanda Jean Allen
Wanda
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Gloria Jean
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Allen
Wanda Jean
Wanda Jean
Wanda Jean
Wanda Jean
Allen
Wanda Jean
Allen
Wanda Jean
Allen
Wanda Jean
Allen


texts: <mask> II was the last crowned Anglo-Saxon English king. <mask> ruled until his death at the Battle of Hastings, where he was defeated by William the Conqueror. The end of Anglo-Saxon rule over England was marked by his death. A member of a prominent Anglo-Saxon family had ties to Cnut the Great. After his father's death, he became a powerful earl. After his brother-in-law, King Edward the Confessor, died without an heir, <mask> was chosen to succeed him and became the first English monarch. He repelled an invasion of Norway in York in late September and then marched his army back south to meet William the Conqueror at Hastings two weeks later.<mask> was a son of the powerful earl of Wessex and of the sister of the Earl. King Sweyn II ofDenmark was born in 1047. He was the son of a native of the area. After supporting King Edmund Ironside for a while, he switched to supporting King Cnut. One of only two earls to survive the end of Cnut's reign, Godwin remained an earl. Godwin switched sides in 1037 after becoming involved in the 1036 murder of Alfred Aetheling, the half-brother of Cnut. When <mask> died, Harthacnut ascended the English throne, but his earlier involvement in Alfred's murder put his power at risk, but an oath and large gift secured the new king's favour for Godwin.The English throne was secured for Edward the Confessor after the death of Harthacnut. When the new king married Edith, he reached the height of his power. When King Edward married Edith of Wessex, she changed her name to Ealdgyth. <mask> was the second son, while Sweyn was the eldest. <mask> was 25 years old in 1045, which is the year of his birth. <mask> became Earl of East Anglia around the time Edith married Edward. <mask> is called an earl when he appears as a witness in a will that may date to 1044.He may have needed to defend against the threat from King Magnus the Good of Norway. It is possible that <mask> led some of the ships that were sent to Sandwich. Sweyn was named an earl in 1043. <mask> was named an earl around the time that he began a relationship with Edith the Fair, who is thought to have been the heir to lands in Cambridgeshire, Suffolk and Essex. Most lay people in England at the time accepted the relationship as a form of marriage that was not blessed or approved by the Church. The children of a union were considered legitimate. <mask> entered the relationship to get support in his new earldom.Sweyn was exiled in 1047 after abducting the abbess of Leominster. <mask> and Beorn were cousins of Sweyn. In 1049, <mask> was in charge of a ship that was sent with a fleet to aid Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor against Baldwin V, Count of Flanders, who was in revolt against Henry. Sweyn took Beorn hostage and killed him after <mask> and Beorn refused to return any of their lands. <mask> helped his father regain his position a year after he was sent into exile. <mask> became Earl of the southern third of England after Godwin's death in 1053. He was the most powerful figure after the king.<mask> drove the Welsh back in 1055. Edward the Confessor, who had spent more than 25 years in exile in Normandy, was the focus of opposition to growing Norman influence in England under <mask>'s leadership. He led successful campaigns against the king of Wales. The conflict ended with Gruffydd's death. In 1064, <mask> is thought to have been lost at Ponthieu. There is a lot of speculation about this voyage. According to the earliest post-conquest Norman chroniclers, King Edward sent Robert of Jumiges, the archbishop of Canterbury, to appoint Duke William II of Normandy as his heir Edward's maternal kinsman.Scholars don't agree on the reliability of the story. William seems to have believed that he had been offered the succession, but there must have been some confusion since the English succession was not determined by the reigning monarch. The assembly of the kingdom's leading notables would meet after a king's death to choose a successor. Edward's efforts to return his nephew Edward the Exile, son of King Edmund Ironside, from Hungary in 1057 are not consistent with his promise. Norman chroniclers suggest that <mask> might have been travelling along the English coast on a hunting and fishing expedition in order to obtain the release of members of his family who had been held hostage since Godwin's exile in 1051. He left Bosham and was blown off course, landing at Ponthieu. After being captured by Count Guy I of Ponthieu, he was taken as a hostage to the castle at Beaurain, up the River Canche from its mouth.Duke William ordered Guy to turn <mask> over to him. William was accompanied by <mask> to battle against the Duke of Brittany. <mask> saved two of William's soldiers from quicksand while crossing into Brittany past Mont Saint-Michel. They pursued Conan all the way to Dinan, where he surrendered the fortress's keys at the point of a lance. William knighted <mask> with weapons and arms. <mask> swore an oath to William to support his claim to the English throne, according to the Bayeux Tapestry. The Normans pointed out that <mask> had broken an oath when he accepted the crown of England.According to the chronicler Orderic Vitalis, <mask> was distinguished by his size and strength of body, his polished manners, his firmness of mind and command of words, as well as his ready wit and a variety of excellent qualities. When good faith, the foundation of all virtues, was wanting, what did they get from so many valuable gifts? <mask> replaced his brother Tostig with Morcar because of a doubling of taxation that threatened to plunge England into civil war. <mask>'s marriage alliance with the northern earls resulted in <mask> splitting his own family and driving Tostig into an alliance with King Harald Hardrada of Norway. King Edward the Confessor fell into a coma at the end of 1065 without clarifying his preference for the succession. He died on January 5, 1066, but not before briefly regaining consciousness and thanking his widow and the kingdom for <mask>'s protection. The intent of this charge is unclear, as is the Bayeux Tapestry, which depicts Edward pointing at a man.The coronation of <mask> was most likely held in Westminster Abbey, though no evidence from the time exists to support this. The reason for the suddenness of this coronation may have been that all the nobles of the land were present for the feast of Epiphany, not because of <mask>'s attempt to take the throne. In January 1066, Duke William II of Normandy began plans to invade England, building 700 warships and transports at Dives-sur-Mer on the Normandy coast. William's claim that <mask> had sworn on sacred relics to support his claim to the throne caused the Church's blessing and nobles to flock to his cause. The invasion fleet remained in port for almost seven months due to unfavorable winds. With provisions running out, <mask> dissolved his army and returned to London. On the same day as Tostig invaded, Hardrada landed his fleet at the mouth of the Tyne.The English earls of Mercia and Morcar were defeated at the Battle of Fulford by the invading forces of Hardrada and Tostig. <mask> led his army north from London and caught Hardrada by surprise. <mask> defeated Hardrada and Tostig in the Battle of Stamford Bridge. Before the battle, a single man rode alone to Tostig. He spoke to Tostig and offered to return his earldom if he turned against Hardrada. Tostig wanted to know what <mask> would do for Hardrada. The rider said that he is taller than other men.He returned to the Saxon host. Hardrada asked Tostig who he was after being impressed by the rider's boldness. Tostig said the rider was <mask>. <mask> said "six feet of ground or as much more as he needs, as he is taller than most men," according to Henry. William's fleet sailed from Normandy after the Battle of Hastings. Several ships sank in storms, which forced the fleet to take shelter at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme and wait for the wind to change. The Norman fleet set sail for England on 27 September and arrived at Pevensey the next day.<mask>'s army marched 241 miles to intercept William, who had landed thousands of men in southern England. <mask> built his army near Hastings. After nine hours of fighting, <mask> was killed and his forces were defeated at the Battle of Hastings. His brothers Gyrth and Leofwine were also killed in the battle. The idea that <mask> died by an arrow to the eye is a popular belief today, but is subject to a lot of scholarly debate. According to Carmen de Hastingae Proelio, a Norman account of the Battle of Hastings, <mask> was killed by four knights, including Duke William, and his body was dismembered. <mask> died from an arrow wound to his head, according to William of Malmesbury's Gesta Regum Anglorum and Henry of Huntingdon's Historia Anglorum.A report of <mask> being shot in the eye with an arrow is contained in an earlier source. One or both of the two versions are reflected in the later accounts. Some historians have questioned if the figure in the Bayeux tapestry is intended to be <mask> or if he is. The standing figure has different objects on it. Benot's 1729 sketch shows only a dotted line indicating stitch marks, whereas the other arrows in the tapestry are not. The engraving by Bernard de Montfaucon has a solid line resembling a spear being held overhand. For the first time in the history of the drawing, an arrow can be seen in the figure's eye.Although not apparent in the earlier depictions, the fallen figure had an arrow in its eye. The second figure had an arrow added by restorers that was unstitched. Many believe that the name "<mask>" is above the figure with an arrow in his eye. The visual centre of a scene, not the location of the inscription, identifies named figures in other examples from the tapestry. There is evidence that an arrow volley would be loosed before the cavalry charge. There is a suggestion that both accounts are correct and that the tapestry depicts <mask> in sequence. The account of William of Poitiers states that <mask>'s body was given to William Malet for burial and that Edith was called to identify it.Bosham, <mask>'s birthplace, and the discovery of an Anglo-Saxon coffin in the church there, have led some to suggest that it is the place of King <mask>'s burial. In December 2003 a request to exhume a grave in Bosham Church was refused by the Chancellor because he didn't think it was possible to identify the body as <mask>'s. The remains of a man with no head, one leg and the lower part of his other leg were found in a previous exhumation, which was consistent with what was written in the Carmen. <mask> was buried by the sea, which is consistent with William of Poitiers' account and with the identification of the grave at Bosham Church that is only yards from the English Channel. According to legend, <mask>'s body was given a proper funeral years later in his church at Waltham Holy Cross in Essex. <mask> did not die at Hastings but fled England and ended his life at Chester or Canterbury, according to legends. Morcar and two others were released from prison by King William as he lay dying in 1077.Robert Curthose knighted Ulf and then vanished from history. The two sons of <mask>, Godwine and Edmund, invaded England in 1068 and 1069, but were defeated at the Battle of Northam. <mask>'s battle standard was presented to an Irish king in 1068. <mask> married Edith the Fair and had at least six children with her. She was thought of as <mask>'s mistress by the clergy. <mask> was betrothed to a daughter of William the Conqueror, but never married, according to Orderic Vitalis. Edith was the daughter of the Earl of Mercia and the widow of the Welsh prince.Edith had a son named <mask>. One of <mask>'s sons may have been a twin of the younger <mask>, though most historians consider him a son of Edyth. The sons probably lived out their lives in exile. After her husband's death, Edith fled for refuge to her brothers, but both of them ended up rebelling and losing their lands and lives. Edith may have fled with <mask>'s mother, or with <mask>'s daughter. When <mask>'s sons fled to Ireland, they were defeated by Brian of Brittany. References include William of Poitiers, Gesta Guillelmi II Ducis Normannorum, or "The Deeds of William II, Duke of the Normans".Quoted by David C. Douglas and George W. Greenaway. In: English Historical Documents 1042–1189, London, 1959. 11th-century English monarchs Anglo-Norse monarchs Anglo-Saxon people Anglo-Saxon warriors

masks:
Harold
Harold
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Harold
Harold Harefoot
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Harold Godwinson
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Harold
Harold
Harold


texts: A scholar of bible and rabbinics whose work spanned the latter part of the 19th and the early 20th century, <mask> was born in Wodawa, Poland in January 1848 and died in New Rochelle, New York in November 1919. He is said to have possessed perfect recall and an outstanding knowledge of the Bible and Talmud, as well as having spoken 39 languages. In three Hebrew volumes published from 1899–1901, he sought to bring the results of modern textual criticism of the Bible to a wider Hebrew audience by emphasizing the Torah to be. <mask> taught at the Hebrew Preparatory School of the Temple Emanu-El Theological School of New York. He was never considered for a professorial post at Hebrew Union College because he helped the German Lutheran theologian revise his Hebrew translation of the New Testament, a work used to proselytize Jewish converts to Christianity. <mask>'s exegetical work is important to modern biblical exegesis. The Jewish translation produced by the Jewish Publication Society in 1917 was heavily influenced by <mask>'s work.<mask> was married at fourteen and had a son named Mark. He studied German in his native Polish village and read the Bible in the translation. <mask> came to the conclusion that he could no longer abide the stringencies of his environment and he sought association with the wider fields of knowledge he hoped to find in Germany. His wife and son did not go with him to Germany because of his liberal views. He went on his own and went to school with a group of boys. At the age of five, a boy started learning the German language. He worked in the Semitics department of the Berlin Royal Library.<mask> came to the attention of Professor Delitzsch when he was in Germany. They both worked in the missionaryInstitutum Judaicum and this association would turn into an evil spectre later in his life. The Hebrew translation of the New Testament was to be used for proselytization among Jews. He was fascinated by the work of Julius Wellhausen, Kuehnen, and the whole school of biblical criticism. His later work was a revolt against the destructiveness of the "higher criticism" and made him accept the theory that the Bible was constructed of a patchwork quilt of documents. He believed that the Bible could only be understood by one devoted to its language and an understanding of the Hebrew idiom. There is no proof that <mask> wasbaptized in Germany.Had it been true, the officers at the Temple Emanu-El would not have considered him for a place as a teacher in the Emanu-El Theological School of New York where he taught after he arrived in Manhattan, New York from Germany in 1874. He lists his occupation as "Teacher of Languages" on his Naturalization date. <mask> spoke and wrote in English with a slight accent. He was both a student of the Hebrew Bible and a student of many languages. He knew 39 tongues, which included all the Semitic languages, all the languages of Western Europe, and all the dialects of the Slavic languages. The relationship between the Greeks and the Babylonians is based on language similarities and idiomatic likeness. He had written a novel that was very similar to the Iliad and the Odyssey.He was a big fan of the Greek classics. He loved Arabic. He liked its literature and its poetry. Professor Richard J.H., who taught Arabic in the Semitic departments of universities, came to <mask> for instruction. Gustav Gottheil's son, Gottheil of Columbia University, claimed that <mask> had admitted to changing his faith to Christianity in Germany and was remorseful for it. This declaration was never signed by <mask>, but only by witnesses who claimed to have witnessed the event in the late 19th century. During his time in the United States, <mask> was sought out by Jewish scholars and students, but he paid a terrible price for his New Testament translation with Delitzsch.Many regard this translation as a beautiful piece of modern Hebrew composition, but it cost him and he was to pay for it for the rest of his life. He wasn't happy that he wasn't chosen as the Professor of Bible at the Hebrew Union College despite his status as a scholar. He wasn't invited to teach in either of the major rabbinical seminaries and was disliked by the Orthodox. No one wanted to hire a man with a background in New Testament translation who would be criticized by conservatives. No university had ever given him a higher academic degree, so he insisted upon "mister" with his students. He is the author of a commentary on the meaning of the Bible. His main point of view is that the Bible is the best source for the knowledge of Hebrew as a language and the ancient Hebraic ideas, even though the cross references of comparative passages or words might be different in different ages.He felt that the cross references or parallel passages often shed light on obscure sentences as well as on mistakes in the original Bible text. <mask> had no idea what the future would bring in his time, but modern archaeology has opened new vistas through the centuries. The young Mordecai Kaplan was influenced by him. <mask> was fond of Louis Ginzberg. He liked Dr. Ginzberg's thoroughness, his vast and comprehensive knowledge, and the originality of his mind. He was a big fan of the professors of the Dropsie College. <mask> was convinced of his superiority in his chosen area of research, and he had no doubts as to his own status.<mask> felt uneasy in ordinary human relationships. He was passionate about justice and self-realization of all people regardless of race, color or creed. He came alive only when he talked about his interests. He was an avid reader in all fields, particularly in philosophy, and maintained a steady correspondence with Hermann Cohen until his death one year before <mask>. He had to read through the Critique of Pure Reason every year. <mask> went to the movies in the early 20th century. He loved historic presentations and Westerns.These films could be watched by the great scholar. He preferred spending time with people he didn't like. Despite his social awkwardness, he was entranced by the new sociology and was interested in the new Freudian psychology. Richard M. Stern, who prepared for the rabbinate under him, remembers <mask> saying that he would like to give greater attention to psychology so as to understand why some human beings are driven perforce into defined areas of activity. Many non-Jews wanted to study under <mask>. Two of his Christian students were Dr. Charles Fagnani and Dr. Julius Bewer. He was interested in Bewer because of his interest in reading and understanding rabbinic literature.The area has not been cultivated with greater assiduity by Christian scholarship. He thought he had found the perfect Christian who would devote himself to rabbinics. The field of biblical criticism was chosen by Bewer. The "Higher Anti-Semitism" was disliked by <mask> very much. The Jewish Publication Society and the Central Conference of American Rabbis did not include him in the committee that prepared a new translation of the Hebrew Bible. He was angry that the committee used his name as a consultant. <mask> was an occasional attendant at religious services and synagogues where he wanted to find preachers who could use the biblical text with rabbinic commentaries.He disliked the Union Prayer Book because it didn't go far enough in its reform of the liturgy. The passages that belittled human dignity should be revised or eliminated. He believed that the prayers of a modern Jewish prayer book should be different from those of the past because they were not appropriate for a modern man. Many of the older generation rabbis studied under him at one time or another. Some of them were Samuel Schulman, Leon Harrison, Bernard Drachman, Stephen S. Wise, and George Alexander Kohut. The rabbi of the Central Synagogue was one of his students. <mask> was married twice.Mark arrived in New York without his mother in 1885. His second wife was named Pauline. A daughter was given to him by a Polish descent person. He had four children. Mark had three people in Manhattan. The woman who was born in Manhattan was married to a doctor and had a son. A distinguished playwright, essayist, humorist, critic, and an American Emmy-Award winning screenwriter is <mask>. Auerbach.<mask> was an accomplished pianist who was written about in a lost book. According to the January 10, 1920 Nation News Archive, <mask><mask>'s death in New York has deprived the world of one of its most brilliant scholars. <mask>'s name is not well known among professional Bible students, and he is not officially connected with any institution of learning. His life work, represented by eleven substantial volumes dedicated to the elucidation of the Scriptures, merits the grateful appreciation of all those to whom the Bible is an important part of human civilization. <mask>'s exegetical work is important to modern biblical exegesis. The Jewish translation produced by the Jewish Publication Society in 1917 was heavily influenced by <mask>'s work. His best known work is The Bible.New York: Ktav, 1969 was reprinted. The Hebrischen Bibel contains textkritisches, sprachliches and sachliches. The author is J.C. Hinrichs. His most substantial work took six years to complete and was funded by Jacob H. Schiff and Dr. An anthology of aggadic passages representative of material that students might later have to study at the Emanu-El Theological School was prepared by him. The German translation of the Psalms is no longer in print and may only be found in large university libraries. German was the language of Jewish scholarship prior to World War I.There are notebooks in the New York library of the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion. The addenda to the Randglossen are the notebooks. Further reading the American Jewish Archives. No. The teshuva of <mask> was about his apostasy and return to his faith. "<mask>'s Monumental Work on the Old Testament" was written by <mask><mask>. The review was written by Julius A. Bewer.20, No. 2 (Apr., 1916), pp. Robert Gordis wrote "Some Hitherto Unrecognized Meanings of the Shub" in the Journal of Biblical Literature. 52, No. There are two days in June. In 1933, pp. The beginning of our inquiry is the acute observation of the master of Biblical Hebrew, <mask>.<mask>. "<mask><mask>: A Personal Recollection" is available on the American Jewish Archives website. The deaths of 19th-century rabbis and 19th-century Jewish biblical scholars occurred in 1919.

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Arnold Bogumil Ehrlich
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Arnold M
Rose Ehrlich
Arnold B
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Arnold Ehrlich
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Arnold B
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Arnold B
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Arnold B
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texts: <mask> was an American writer of children's and young adult fiction. Since her first book was published in 1950, she has sold over 90 million copies of her books. Ramona, Beezus, Henry, and Ribsy are some of her best known characters. The majority of <mask>'s books are set in the Grant Park neighborhood of northeast Portland, Oregon, where she was raised, and she has been credited as one of the first authors of children's literature to figure emotional realism in the narratives of her characters, often children in middle-class After a question from a kid, her first children's book was Henry Huggins. Ramona and Her Mother won the National Book Award in 1981 and Dear Mr. Henshaw won the Newbery medal in 1984. She was recognized as a Library of Congress Living Legend, as well as receiving the National Medal of Arts, for her lifetime contributions to American literature.There are statues of her most famous characters in Grant Park, as well as a school named after her in Portland. Just 18 days from her 105th birthday, she died at the age of 104. <mask> Bunn was born on April 12, 1916, in McMinnville, Oregon, to a farmer and a teacher. In her early childhood, she lived on a farm in rural Oregon. She was raised a Presbyterian. When she was six years old, her family moved to Portland, Oregon, where her father had a job as a bank security officer. When she moved to the city from the country, she struggled in school and was placed in a group for struggling readers.The first grade was divided into three reading groups. I was a bird. To be a Blackbird was to be disgraced. I wanted to read but couldn't. With some work, Cleary's reading skills improved, but she eventually found reading boring, complaining that many stories were simple and unsurprising, and wondering why authors often did not write with humor or about ordinary people. She enjoyed reading The Dutch Twins, a book about the adventures of ordinary children, on a rainy day when she was in third grade. She started to spend a lot of time at the library after she read the book.The teacher suggested that she become a children's writer based on the essays she had written for class. Chaffey Junior College in Ontario, California, which offered lower tuition fees than four-year universities, was something many students needed during the Great Depression. After two years at Chaffey, she was accepted to the University of California, Berkeley, where she earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in English. In college, she worked as a seamstress and a chambermaid to pay her tuition. She met her future husband at a school dance and was one of the first residents of a women's cooperative. She graduated from the School of Librarianship at the University of Washington in 1939 with a second bachelor's degree in library science and went on to work as a children's librarian in Washington. Her parents disapproved of her relationship with Cleary, a Roman Catholic, so the couple eloped and were married in 1940.They settled in Carmel-by-the-Sea after World War II. The twins, Malcolm and Marianne, were born in 1955. In the 1960s she lived in Carmel Valley Village. After graduating from the University of Washington in 1939, she worked as a children's librarian in Yakima, Washington, until 1940, and then as the post librarian at the U.S. Army Hospital in Oakland, California, from 1942 to 1945. She became a full-time writer for children after working at Sather Gate Book Shop. When she was a children's librarian, she sympathized with her patrons, who had difficulty finding books with characters they could identify with, and she struggled to find enough books to suggest that would appeal to them. After a few years of making recommendations and performing live storytellers, Cleary decided to start writing children's books about characters that young readers could relate to.The "missionary spirit" among children's librarians is something that I believe in. Kids deserve books of literary quality, and librarians are so important in encouraging them to read and select books that are appropriate. Henry Huggins was the first in a series of fictional chapter books about Henry, his dog Ribsy, his neighborhood friend Beezus and his little sister Ramona. When writing the book, she took inspiration from the times she composed stories for children during Saturday afternoon story hours when she worked as a librarian. Like many of her later works, Henry Huggins is a novel about people living ordinary lives and is based on Cleary's own childhood experiences, the kids in her neighborhood growing up, as well as children she met while working as a librarian. Morrow was the first publisher that she sent her book to, but it was initially rejected and she added the characters of Beezus and Ramona while revising it. Beezus and Ramona was the first book that centered a story on the Quimby sisters.She was asked to write a book about a child. After the birth of her twins, she changed her mind about attending kindergarten. She wrote two memoirs, one about her childhood, A Girl from Yamhill (1988), and the other about her years in college and as an adult, entitled My Own Two Feet (1995). In an interview with the Los Angeles Times at the age of 95, Cleary stated, "I've had an extremely happy career." The experience of children growing up in middle-class families has been noted as a critical significance in Cleary's books. Leonard S. Marcus, a children's literature historian, said that when you're the right age to read, you're likely at your most impressionable time in life as a reader. Her books give children courage and insight into what to expect from their lives.William Grimes of The New York Times wrote that Clearly used a "humorous, lively style" while "ma[king] compelling drama out of the everyday problems, small injustices and perplexing mysteries that define adults." She gets very close to satire, which I think is why adults like her, but she's still respectful of her characters and nobody gets a laugh at the expense of another. I think kids enjoy playing with adults. Cleary's books have lasted because she understands her audience according to Pat Pflieger, professor of children's literature at West Chester University. She knows they're sometimes confused or frightened by the world around them, and that they feel deeply about things that adults can dismiss. The University of Washington Information School professor said that the books don't seem so radical now, but they were when she was writing them. Dresang said that the honesty, accuracy, and ability to portray real-life children were decades ahead of her time."<mask>'s impact as a children's writer cannot be overstated, her extraordinary talent in creating memorable young characters whose exuberance and enthusiasm for life attract young and old readers alike." Clarance died in 2004. She celebrated her 100th birthday in April. Three weeks before her 105th birthday, Cleary died at her retirement home in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. The Laura Ingalls Wilder Award was given to Cleary in 1975, for her contributions to children's literature. She was nominated for the Hans Christian Andersen Award in 1984. She was named a Library of Congress Living Legend in 2000 for her contributions to the cultural heritage of the United States.She was awarded the National Medal of Arts. Many awards and honors have been given to <mask>'s books, which have been published in over 25 different languages. The Newbery medal was won by Mr. Henshaw in 1984 and Newbery honors were given to Ramona and her father in 1978. She won the National Book Award in 1981 for Ramona and Her Mother, a William Allen White Children's Book award for Socks, and the Children's Book Council's Every Child Award. In 2012 Ramona the Pest was ranked number 24 among all children's novels in a survey published by the School Library Journal, a monthly with a primarily U.S. audience. The Mouse and the Motorcycle and Ramona and Her Father were both in the top 100. Laurie Halse Anderson, Judy Blume, Lauren Myracle, and JonScieszka are just a few of the authors who have mentioned Cleary as a major influence.National Drop Everything and Read (DEAR) Day is celebrated on the 12th of April. In Portland, Oregon, the Hollywood branch of the Multnomah County Library, near where she lived as a child, commissioned a map of Henry Huggins's Klickitat Street neighborhood. There are statues of her characters in Portland's Grant Park, which is located in the Hollywood-Fernwood neighborhood. In June 2008, the neighborhood's K-8 school was renamed Beverly Cleary School. The children's room at the Central Library in downtown Portland, Oregon was renamed the Beverly Cleary Children's Library in 1997. The <mask>y Endowed Chair for Children and Youth Services was established in 2004 by the University of Washington Information School. In 2008, the school announced that she had been selected as the next recipient of the University of Washington's highest honor.At her alma mater, the University of California, Berkeley, there is a 220-student residential hall named after her. In April 2016 Oregon Public Broadcasting produced an original half-hour program called "Discovering <mask>y", which included an extensive interview with the woman at age 99, as well as photographs and stories from her life. In the spring of 2016 it was broadcast on PBS stations. After her death, the United States Senate passed a resolution "honoring the life and legacy of award-winning children's author <mask>." It was sponsored by Senator Ron Wyden of Oregon. Ramona (1988): Ten-part Canadian TV series starred Sarah Polley as eight-year-old Ramona. The movie Ramona and Beezus features Joey King as Ramona and Selena Gomez as Beezus.

masks:
Beverly Atlee Cleary
Cleary
Beverly Atlee
Beverly Cleary
Cleary
Beverly Clear
Beverly Clear
Beverly Cleary


texts: Prince <mask> of Bourbon-Parma was a member of the House of Bourbon-Parma, a Belgian officer in World War I, and the central figure in the Sixtus Affair, an attempt to negotiate a treaty to end Austria-Hungary. A number of books were written by him. Robert I and Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal were the second and third wives of the Duke of Parma, <mask>. <mask> was the fourteenth child of Duke Robert's twenty four children. He was the sixth son and was named Sixtus. During the wars of Italian unification, <mask>' father was deposed from the Duchy of Parma, but Duke Robert was very wealthy and had a large fortune. His large family lived between Villa Pianore, a large property located between Viareggio and Pietrasanta, and his Castle Schwarzau, lower Austria.The Jesuits run a Catholic boarding school for boys near the Swiss border. He studied law in Paris after graduating high school. The Duke of Parma, the only healthy son among <mask>' half-siblings, inherited the largest part of the family's fortune after his father's death in 1907. The children of Duke Robert's first wife and his second wife reached an agreement to divide their father's assets in 1910. <mask>' sister, Princess Zita, married the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The family was divided by the outbreak of World War I. The brothers had strong ties with France and Austria.Unable to fight with the French army, Prince <mask> and his brother <mask> of Bourbon-Parma enlisted in the Belgian Army, while their brothers, Felix, and René, fought in the Austrian Army. As the war dragged on towards its fourth year, <mask>' brother-in-law, Emperor Charles I, secretly entered into peace negotiations with France. The Emperor enlisted the help of his childhood friend. Charles contacted <mask> via neutral Switzerland. Zita invited her brother to Vienna. Zita and <mask>'s mother personally delivered the letter. Sixtus arrived with French-agreed conditions for talks: the restoration to France of Alsace-Lorraine, annexed by Germany after the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, the independence of Belgium, the independence of Serbia, and the handover of Constantinople to Russia.In principle, Charles agreed to the first three points and wrote a letter to <mask> giving a secret and unofficial message to the French President. Due to the requirement for Italy to cede to Tyrol, this attempt at 20th century dynastic diplomacy failed. Seeing a Russian collapse on the horizon, Germany was unwilling to give up the war. The brother-in-law of <mask> denied involvement until the French Prime Minister published letters from him. Austria became even more dependent on Germany, and there was a rebuke for Charles. The Sixtus Affair is a name for the failed attempt of peace negotiations. The daughter of the Duke de Doudeauville and the <mask> of Bourbon-Parma was married in 1919.Henri-Antoine-Marie de Noailles was the 11th <mask> Poix. The marriage was not approved by <mask>'s elder half-brother, the Duke of Parma, until 1959 when Robert Hugo, Duke of Parma, assumed his father's position as head of the family. They had one daughter, Princess Isabella, who married a distant cousin on June 23, 1943. They divorced in 1966. They have five sons and six grandsons. The peace Treaty of Saint-Germain gave France the right to take back the property of those who fought in enemy armies. The French government expropriated Chambord castle, owned by the Bourbons of Parma, because <mask>'s half-brother had served in the Austrian army.Prince <mask> and his brothers fought with the Allied side and so they went to court to get a bigger share of the inheritance. They claimed that the legal agreement was against French law. The French court upheld the claim in 1925, but the appeals court overturned it in 1928. The French court upheld it. An equal share of the estate was given to the brothers. Chambord was never returned by the French government. Prince <mask> lived in France.He made several expeditions to Africa and wrote a number of books, including a biography of his great-great grandmother. He died in Paris. The Forschungsreise 1912 contains publications by Alois Musil. Le Traité d'Utrecht et le lois fondamentales du royaume was published in 1914. In 1998 it was published in Paris: Communication & Tradition. L'offre de paix séparée de l'Autriche was held in 1916 and 1917. Austria's Peace Offer, 1916-1917 is an English translation.The reine d'trurie was in Paris. The roi Alger was conqute in 1830. Benedict Taylor and Matthew Wait play brothers in the television series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles who help the young Indiana Jones in World War I. "Kingdoms Fall - The Laxenburg Message" is a historical fiction novel about the Sixtus Affair and Sixtus and his brother. The Princes of Bourbon-Parma and the Princes of Parma were killed in World War I.

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Sixtus
Sixtus
Sixtus
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texts: <mask> was born on September 27th, 1952. He flew in a space laboratory. They collaborated with the Soviet cosmonaut. The backup crew was made up of two men. After graduating from the physics and mathematics high school in Braov in 1971, <mask> obtained a degree in Aeronautical Engineering from the Politehnica University of Bucharest. Prunariu was a Diploma Engineer at Industria Aeronautic Romn, an aircraft industry facility, prior to attending the Air Force Officers Training School. He was selected for training in 1978 as a part of the Intercosmos Program.He was selected for a joint space flight with the Russian cosmonaut after obtaining the highest marks during three years of preparation. They carried out scientific experiments in the fields of astrophysics, space radiation, space technology, space medicine and biology after completing an eight-day space mission on board Soyuz 40. Prunariu is the 103rd person to fly into space. Prunariu was an officer in the Air Force. Prunariu was detached from other ministries to perform civil functions. In 2007, he retired from the Air Force with the rank of major general, continuing his work as a civil servant. At the end of 2015, Prunariu received the 3rd star, becoming a lieutenant-general.<mask> was given the position of deputy minister in the ministry of transportation and chief of the civil aviation department for 1.5 years. The first Romanian to accomplish a two-month training for higher managers of civil aviation institutions was graduated from the International Aviation Management Training Institute in 1991. The World Bank Project on reorganization of the higher education and research system in Romania was led by Prunariu. <mask> is the Vice- President of the International Institute for Risk, Security and Communication Management. Between 1998 and 2004 <mask> was the President of the Romanian Space Agency, and since 2000 he has been an Associate Professor at the Academy of Economic Studies. He was the itinerary Ambassador of Romania to the Russian Federation for almost two years. In 2002 <mask> was elected as the Chairman of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee of the UNCOPUOS, and in 2006 he was elected as the Chairman of the UNCOPUOS.<mask> was the Director of the Office for Science and Technology to the European Commission. Prunariu is an expert within the Romanian Association for Space Technology and Industry. The UN General Assembly Resolution 65/68 established the Group of Governmental Experts on outer space transparency and confidence-building measures. <mask> is a member of the International Academy of Astronautics, as well as being one of the trustees of the Academy. He has represented the Government of Romania to the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space since 1992. <mask> was elected for three years as the vice-chairman of the International Relations Committee. A report on Space Security for Europe was issued in the framework of the European Institute for Security Studies.As of 2015, the Association of Space Explorers has over 400 members flown into outer space from 36 countries. He was the permanent representative at the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space from 1993 to 2004. Prunariu has been a member of the Executive Committee for two terms of tree years. Prunariu has been a member of the ASE NEO Committee since 2005 and has participated in several important activities related to the subject. The main interface in promoting the Report Asteroid Threats: A Call For Global Response at the level of the UNCOPUOS was Prunariu. The Association of Space Explorers proposed to the UN General Assembly at the 53rd session of the UN that the International Asteroid Day should be observed annually at the international level. The UN General Assembly adopted the proposal in October of 2016<mask> was declared the 1st Official Asteroid Day Ambassador for his great service and for helping protect Planet Earth from asteroid impacts. D<mask> held the position of President of the new chapter of the association for 6 years. D<mask> was elected for a three year term as the President of ASE International. <mask> is a co-author of several books about space technology and space flight. New developments in the field of space flight dynamics were produced by his PhD thesis. Prunariu is married to Crina <mask>, a retired diplomat from the Romania's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and has two sons and three grandchildren. He is the voice of the robot BURN-E in a version of WALL-E made by Disney Pixar.Prunariu was awarded the Hero of the Socialist Republic of Romania and the Hero of the Soviet Union. The International Astronautic Federation awarded Prunariu a medal in 1982. He was awarded the gold medal in 1984 by the German rocket society. <mask> was appointed a Grand Officer of the Order of the Star of Romania. He was awarded the Order Aeronautical virtue by the President of Romania. The President of the Russian Federation gave the Medal for Merits in Space Exploration to Prunariu. <mask> was elected as a member of the academy.Prunariu is a Doctor Honoris Causa of several universities. Prunariu is a citizen of several cities. The asteroid was named in honor of American astronomer Schelte Bus, who discovered it in 1981 at the Californian Palomar Observatory. There are External links to the website of the Romanian Space Agency Spacefacts biography of <mask> <mask>, trimis n rezerv, discharged from active duty.

masks:
Dumitru Dorin Prunariu
Dumitru Dorin Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
. Prunariu
. Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
Prunariu
Dumitru
Prunariu


texts: <mask>, 5th Baron Harlech, known as <mask> until June 1961, and as Sir <mask> until February 1964, was a British diplomat. <mask> was the second son of William Ormsby-Gore, 4th Baron Harlech, a Conservative politician, and Lady Edith Mildred Gasco, who was born in 1918. His maternal great-grandfather was a British Prime Minister. He attended New College, Oxford and St Cyprian's School. According to a well-known story, when a boy in his house killed himself, the housemaster called the boys together and asked if they knew why. Ormsby-Gore asked, "Could it have been the food?" He worked with airborne and other special units after being commissioned into the Royal Artillery in 1939.He was a major on the general staff by the end of the War. After the war, his father handed over all of his land to Ormsby-Gore. He left the Shropshire Yeomanry in 1950 after being commissioned a Major. He was elected Member of Parliament for Oswestry at the 1950 general election. He served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs from November 1956 to January 1957, and as Minister of State for Foreign Affairs from 1957 to 1961. The British Ambassador to the United States was appointed on October 18, 1961. He had to take the Chiltern on June 1st so that he could resign from the House.Ambassador to the United States Ormsby-Gore knew Kennedy from his time in London. Like Macmillan, Ormsby-Gore was distantly related to Kennedy, but had a close relationship with Robert. Ormsby-Gore was in Washington, D.C. six months after Kennedy took office. The kind of Ambassador he was, he supplied Kennedy with a stream of advice and Cuban cigars via his diplomatic bag. He was more of a friend of the family than an ambassador. There were rumors of a romance between Ormsby-Gore and Kennedy. He proposed to her in 1968, but she didn't accept.One of the pallbearers at Robert F. Kennedy's funeral was Ormsby-Gore. After the Labour government took power in Britain in 1964, relations between the Johnson administration and Ormsby-Gore remained excellent. A fierce opponent of oil-barrel politics, Ormsby-Gore's terse dismissal of the phenomenon ran: "It would indeed be a tragedy if the history of the human race proved to be nothing more than the story of an ape playing with a box of matches on His influence over the Kennedy administration is disputed. Unable to persuade the American government to agree with the British line over Yemen and the Congo, or to proceed with either a negotiated settlement with Nikita Khrushchev over Berlin or the Skybolt missile programme, he nevertheless played a significant role in the Cuban Missile Crisis. The first Test-Ban Treaty was signed in 1963. For the past ten years, Ormsby-Gore and Macmillan had been trying to get a test-ban treaty with the Russians.They convinced him to conclude Test-ban treaties with Russia and not fear being branded as an appeaser by political opponents in the United States. Ormsby-Gore was involved in a 25-year conversation about the role of a leader in a democratic society. Kennedy was encouraged to stay focused on issues relevant to the world and the future rather than trying to protect himself politically. The new Prime Minister Alec Douglas- Home wanted to appoint Ormsby-Gore as Foreign Secretary, but R. A. Butler insisted on having this post. After Kennedy's assassination, Ormsby-Gore became involved in a relationship with his widow, going on vacation with her in Cambodia. He proposed to her in 1967. When she married the Greek shipping tycoon, Lord <mask> wrote to her asking her to change her mind.After his father's death in 1965, Ormsby-Gore retired as ambassador and took his seat in the House of Lords as Lord Harlech, briefly also holding the position of deputy chairman of the Conservative Party. He had a successful career as a television executive, founding HTV and serving as president of the British Board of Film Classification. He was a patron of the Institute for Research in Art and Technology for nearly ten years. On February 9, 1940, Lord <mask> married Sylvia Lloyd Thomas, daughter of Hugh Lloyd Thomas, who was Envoy to France between 1935 and 1938. They had five children before Lady <mask>'s death in an automobile accident on 30 May 1967. Jane Teresa Ormsby-Gore was born. Some consider the Rolling Stones song "Lady Jane" to be about her, as she was said to have had an affair with Mick Jagger.She was married to Michael Rainey in 1966. There was a home farm in Oswestry. Victoria Mary Ormsby-Gore was born. There was a time when the word "1946" was used. The girlfriend of Eric Clapton was Alice Magdalen Sarah Ormsby-Gore. She died of a heroin overdose. The 6th Baron Harlech was <mask> Ormsby-Gore.Her father was Alan Grieve. In 1968, Lord Harlech proposed to the widow of JFK, whom he had been friends with since before her husband's assassination. "If ever I can find some healing and some comfort, it has to be with someone who is not part of my world of past and pain," Kennedy wrote in a letter. If the world will let us, I can find that now. She married another man. Pamela Colin was a London resident editor of Vogue and the food editor of the British Vogue when she married Lord <mask>. The guests at the wedding were Princess Margaret, the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire, the Earl and Countess of Drogheda, the Earl and Countess of Airlie, The Countess Gowrie, Lord and Lady <mask>, and J. J. Astor.Death Lord <mask> was seriously injured in a car crash at Montford Bridge near Shrewsbury on the evening of 25 January 1985 and died at the Royal Shrewsbury Hospital the following morning, aged 66. Kennedy family members attended his funeral and interment. He was succeeded in the barony by his second son, Francis. Peter Donat played Ormsby-Gore in the 1974 television play The Missiles of October, which was about the October 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. On April 12 1961, Ormsby-Gore was appointed to be a deputy lieutenant. On June 29, 1961, he was appointed to the Order of St Michael and St George as a Knight Commander. He was appointed to the Order of St John as a Knight in 1962.Notes References Kidd, Charles, and <mask>. The 1990 edition of Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. New York: St Martin's Press. Jack Kennedy: The Education of a Statesman was published in 2006 W.W.Norton is a company. There are many references. The biographical file on Sir <mask>-Gore can be found in the U.S. Government.

masks:
David Ormsby Gore
David Ormsby Gore
David Ormsby Gore
William David Ormsby Gore
Harlech
Harlech
Harlech
Francis David
Harlech
David Cecil
Harlech
David
David Ormsby


texts: <mask> was an English sailor who was involved in two voyages to the South Pacific Ocean. <mask> shot an albatross on the second voyage when his ship was hit by storms south of Cape Horn. In 1708, <mask> went to sea as part of Woodes Rogers's expedition against the Spanish. <mask> was captured on the coast of present-day Ecuador and imprisoned in the capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru, where he was tortured by the Inquisition. He returned to Great Britain in 1713. The source of the albatross incident was <mask>'s second voyage, under George Shelvocke. As <mask> had done, at Shelvocke's direction, Shelvocke was held as a pirate by the Spanish, who decided that Shelvocke was the more responsible party.In 1723, <mask> sailed to Jamaica to avoid trial for piracy. His fate is unknown. After reading Shelvocke's account of the voyage, William Wordsworth suggested Hatley's shooting of an albatross as the basis of a contemplated joint work with Coleridge. Wordsworth dropped out of the project soon after, but the poem was published in Lyrical Ballads, containing poems by both men, and assuring Hatley a place in literary history. During the late Restoration period, <mask> was the oldest child in a family ofhatters. His mother was <mask>. While imprisoned by the Spanish, <mask> stated that his mother was a Catholic.She may have been related to the earls of Pembroke because of her faith and family name Herbert. The <mask> family owned a large house and three other rental properties on the High Street. After <mask> left, the residence was torn down and rebuilt. It was said to have been built with stone pilfered from the nearby construction site for Blenheim Palace, according to Robert Fowke, <mask>'s sole biographer. <mask> would have attended the Woodstock Grammar School if he had lived up the road. Although he was the oldest son of a prosperous merchant, he could probably have followed in his father's footsteps and become a pilot after completing his formal training in Bristol by 1706. Hatley may have gained a love of adventure from the accounts of maritime explorations that were published in this era.<mask> made two privateering voyages to the Pacific coast of South America in his career. Privateers were men who sailed in armed merchant ships with letters of marque from their government to plunder foreign enemies, keeping any profits for themselves and their ships' owners. During the War of the Spanish Succession, <mask> made the first voyage under the command of Captain Woodes Rogers. He was the third mate of the smaller of Rogers's two ships, the Duke, when he was twenty-three. Rogers's vessels were being prepared in Bristol for a long and difficult journey to the Pacific coast of South America. To damage Spanish settlements and interests along the South American Pacific coast, and to capture treasure for their own profit, was the purpose of the Rogers expedition. The success of the expedition depended on being able to outfight those vessels they sought to capture and plunder.In July 1708 <mask> was sent to Dublin to fill out the ships' crews with the help of an assistant and a Dubliner. The Duke and the Duchess sailed from Bristol on 1 August 1708 and Hatley joined them in Cork three days later. Many of Hatley's recruits were not sailors, but at the time government regulations limited one-half the proportion of professional seamen private vessels such as Rogers's could have in their crews, to preserve some for ships of the Royal Navy. The ships stayed until the end of August and made good losses of 40 by desertion. When the ships sailed on 1 September, there were more than 200 in the Duke. As Britain was not at war with Sweden, Rogers had to let the Swedish vessel go. The sailors on the Duke felt they had been cheated of their rightful share of the loot.There were tensions aboard the smaller vessel and <mask> could not have avoided them. The Spanish ship was released in exchange for supplies by the expedition. A pair of silk hose was purchased by Hatley after items from that ship were auctioned off. After beating their way around Cape Horn, the two vessels stopped at the Juan Fernndez Islands. On January 31, 1709, sailors saw a fire on the shore as the ships approached. Alexander Selkirk, a Scottish sailor who had been marooned there by his captain for more than four years, was surprised to be met by the landing party. The Duke pilot, William Dampier, was on that earlier cruise in a different ship.Rogers was the second mate of the Duke. The ships lay in Cumberland Bay for almost two weeks. The expedition began raiding Spanish commerce after resupplied and prepared. To assure fairness, the committee of expedition members who advised Rogers decided that the officers and men of each ship would each appoint two agents, one to remain on the vessel, the other to transfer to the other ship. A partisan could watch what plunder was captured by the other ship. <mask> was an agent for the Duke. For a time, <mask>, who would inspire Samuel Taylor Coleridge's albatross-shooting Ancient Mariner, Selkirk, probably the original for Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe and Dampier, possibly the inspiration for Jonathan Swift's Lemuel Gulliver.Opportunities for plundering were soon found, and they captured several vessels, while negotiating the ransom of the town of Guayaquil in present-day Ecuador. The expedition's two ships fought and captured a Spanish vessel known as the Havre de Grace in the Gulf of Guayaquil on 15 April, and Hatley was part of the planned boarding party. When the main part of the expedition moved to capture Guayaquil on 18 April, <mask> was among those left behind on captured ships to guard the Spanish prisoners. With water becoming short, <mask> and another officer were detailed to command two of the captured ships and go to Puna Island to get news of the expedition. The attack on Guayaquil was successful, but not as profitable as they had hoped. <mask> did not make it that far, but Rogers did. As the Rogers expedition reentered the Pacific Ocean proper, he remained in command of his barque.With water short and many sailors ill from a disease, the search for fresh water became increasingly desperate. <mask>'s ship went astray, and despite Rogers's efforts to find her, she was not seen again. He hung lanterns and fired guns in the hopes that he would see them. Hatley had about the same number of prisoners and sailors. The prisoners were thought to have killed him and his crew. Rogers wrote that "we all bewailed Mr Hatley and were afraid he was lost." After one of the prisoners died, <mask>'s crew forced him to make his way to the coast of what is now Ecuador.In May 1709, a native spotted the ship and captured <mask> and his crew. A priest probably saved their lives after the natives abused them. <mask> and his men were held in a prison on the Plaza Real in the south of the country. He was tortured by the Inquisition, once being taken to a gallows with one of his fellows and half-strangled before being cut down. Hatley arranged to smuggle out several letters, but only one survives, dated 6 November 1709, and addressed to the sponsors of the Rogers voyage, in Bristol. It may have been the first news to reach Bristol about the fate of the Rogers expedition. In 1710, <mask> accepted conversion to Catholicism and was freed in December of that year.The merchant sponsors of the Rogers expedition petitioned the British Government and, in 1711, Lord Dartmouth instructed the new governor of Jamaica to do what he could for British prisoners in the hands of the Spanish. After peace between Spain and Britain was restored in 1713, <mask> was allowed to leave and return to his native land. The sale of goods was still going on after the Rogers expedition returned in 1711. In August 1713, <mask> was paid an additional forty pounds for his role in the taking of the Havre de Grace. In 1712 the property in Woodstock was left to his son <mask>, with a life estate to his widow giving her the income from the rental properties for the rest of her life. In 1718, mother and son sold those properties. The War of the Quadruple Alliance renewed hostilities between Britain and Spain, and Hatley joined another privateering expedition as second captain of the Speedwell.<mask>'s knowledge and experience made him a good hire for the voyage. The larger of the two ships that went on the expedition was named Success. The expedition was delayed due to difficulties over their privateering commission and a lack of favorable winds. The cause of litigation was Shelvocke's conduct when the ships became separated and sailed on their own. The Speedwell encountered a Portuguese ship at Cape Frio in Brazil. <mask> was sent across with an armed crew despite the fact that the Portuguese were allies of Britain. They had gold and other valuables.The ship was moored at the site in Brazil from June to August. The crew prepared for the Cape Horn passage by repairing the vessel and gathering supplies. At the end of July, Shelvocke recorded, the crew demanded new terms for division of the expedition's plunder, saying Rogers's crew had never received the full measure of what was due them. Shelvocke blamed Hatley for this episode, though it's not clear if it was a mutiny or a connivance with the leader, as the result left Shelvocke in control of how winnings would be divided and with a greater share of the treasure. <mask> insulted a leader of the locals, and Shelvocke accused <mask> of abusing the women in his journal. The shooting of the albatross was recorded in Shelvocke's journal entry for 1 October 1719. South of Cape Horn is where this took place.According to Shelvocke's account, Hatley shot the bird in the hopes of getting a better wind. According to Fowke, there was no taboo against killing albatrosses at that time. Sailors used to bait them with food, but they didn't like the oily taste of their flesh. Bryan Little, a biographer of Rogers, suggested that the treatment of Hatley by the Spanish may have contributed to the "melancholy fits" during which he shot the albatross. The winds did not calm, but the ship was able to round Cape Horn, battling northward along the coast of Chile. After clearing the weather, the Speedwell began raiding along the coast, capturing several small vessels, of which one, renamed Mercury, was placed in command. Since he knew the coast, Shelvocke had him operate himself to capture small vessels.The Mercurys crew saw a ship that they thought was the Speedwell. They were too late to run when they realized it was a Spanish ship. <mask> tried to make it look like his ship was still under Spanish control by sending the British sailors below. The Brilliant fired, slightly wounding <mask>, when three sailors, British by their dress, suddenly emerged from below decks. The British sailors, including <mask>, were captured and taken to Lima. By this time, Britain and Spain were at peace, and all the prisoners but <mask> were released; he was kept chained and in solitary confinement. He was accused of piracy because of the plunder of the Portuguese ship at Cape Frio, a purse was found among his possessions, and he faced hanging or hard labour in the mines.Even though Shelvocke's reputation was poor among the British, they decided the expedition commander because of the uncertainty as to whether the authorities could try him for a crime against the Portuguese. In 1723, <mask> was released. It is not clear what happened to <mask> after 1723. There was a chance of piracy prosecution in England because of the Cape Frio incident. He sailed for Jamaica without presenting himself to the owners of the Shelvocke expedition. Fowke speculated that he continued as a sailor. According to William Wordsworth, the poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner was conceived while he and Coleridge were walking together.The fate of Cain, who was condemned to wander the earth for killing his brother, was being considered by the two. The incident of Hatley shooting the albatross is told in Shelvocke's A Voyage Round the World by Way of the Great South Sea, which Wordsworth was reading. Wordsworth wrote that the main plot device of the narrative should involve the killing of an albatross in the South Sea, for which "the tutelary spirits of these regions" were mentioned. Wordsworth withdrew from the project after finding their poetic styles incompatible. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner was published in 1798. In his book on the privateering voyages of the early 18th century, Tim Beattie deemed Shelvocke an unreliable witness, but considered the use of it to be a testament to the enduring appeal of the books. The Ancient Mariner's shooting of an albatross differed from <mask>'s.Hatley shot the bird in the hopes of getting a better wind. The hanging of the albatross around the Mariner's neck is one of the torments that follow the shooting. The trials and tribulations <mask> went through after shooting the albatross were not connected to the killing of the albatross. The Hermit shrivens the Mariner. There was no forgiveness for Hatley according to Fowke. He left for Jamaica because he was afraid of a second trial. References include "Advice to Pirates" by Robert Fowke in The Guardian.

masks:
Simon Hatley
Hatley
Hatley
Hatley
Hatley
Hatley
Hatley
Simon Hatley
Mary Hatley
Simon Hatley
Hatley
Simon
Simon Hatley
Simon
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Simon
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