texts: <mask> is an American literary critic, feminist, and writer. The concept and practice of gynocritics, a term describing the study of women as writers, was influenced by her. Showalter has written and edited numerous books and articles focused on a variety of subjects, from feminist literary criticism to fashion, sometimes sparking controversy, especially with her work on illnesses. Showalter is a television critic for People magazine. She received the Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism. Career Showalter is a specialist in Victorian literature. Her most innovative work in this field is in madness and hysteria in literature, specifically in women's writing and in the portrayal of female characters.She is a professor. Her academic honors include a Guggenheim fellowship and a Rockefeller Humanities fellowship. She is a past president of the Modern Language Association. The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture is one of Showalter's best known works. The Man Booker International Prize was chaired by Showalter in 2007. She received a degree from the University of St. Andrew's in Scotland. Showalter's book was the culmination of a long interest in communicating the importance of understanding feminist tradition.The history of the feminist tradition within the "wilderness" of literary theory and criticism can be found in Showalter's early essays and editorial work. Working in the field of feminist literary theory and criticism, which was just emerging as a serious scholarly pursuit in universities in the 1970s, Showalter's writing reflects a conscious effort to convey the importance of mapping her discipline's past in order to both ground it in substantive theory. In Towards a Feminist Poetics Showalter suggests that women wrote in an effort to equal the intellectual achievements of the male culture and internalize its assumptions about female. The Feminist phase was characterized by women's writing that protested against male standards and values, and advocated women's rights and values. One of the phases of self-discovery is Female: The Female phase. Showalter says, "women reject both imitation and protest, and turn instead to female experience as the source of an autonomous art, extending the feminist analysis of culture to the forms and techniques of literature." Rejecting both imitation and protest, Showalter advocated approaching feminist criticism from a cultural perspective in the current Female phase, rather than from perspectives that traditionally come from an androcentric perspective.The male traditions have been revised and criticized by feminists in the past. In her essay Feminist Criticism in the Wilderness, Showalter says that there are important differences between women as writers. Women's culture forms a collective experience within the cultural whole, an experience that bonds women writers to each other over time and space. Showalter suggests that approaching women's writing from a cultural perspective is one of many valid perspectives that will uncover female traditions. Cultural anthropology and social history can give us a terminology and a diagram of women's cultural situation. Showalter's caveat is that feminist critics should use cultural analyses to understand what women write, rather than dictate what they should write. Showalter doesn't advocate a separation of the female and male traditions.She believes that women must work inside and outside the male tradition at the same time. A focus on nurturing a new feminine cultural perspective within a feminist tradition that at the same time exists within the male tradition is the most constructive approach to future feminist theory and criticism, according to Showalter. The term "gynocritics" was created to describe literary criticism based on a female perspective. The program of gynocritics is to construct a female framework for the analysis of women's literature, in contrast to an angry or loving fixation on male literature. When we free ourselves from the linear absolutes of male literary history, stop trying to fit women between the lines of the male tradition, and focus instead on the newly visible world of female culture, Gynocritics begins. This does not mean that the goal of gynocritics is to erase the differences between male and female writing; gynocritics is not on a pilgrimage to the promised land in which gender would lose its power, in which all texts would be sex. Women's writing is not a product of sexism but a fundamental aspect of female reality."Feminist Criticism in the Wilderness" is a tricky and demanding task, Showalter acknowledges. She says that gynocritics may never realize a distinct female literary tradition or understand the special differences of women's writing. Showalter sees gynocriticism as a way to learn something solid, enduring, and real about the relation of women to literary culture. She wants to free ourselves from the lineal absolute of male literary history. gynocritics will make a beginning at that point. <mask> wrote "A Proper Education for Girls". In her 1985 book Sexual/Textual Politics, Toril Moi described Showalter's view of women as a limited, essentialist view.Showalter's ideas about a woman's singular autonomy and search for a female identity were criticized by Moi. In a poststructuralist era, meaning is contextual and historical, and that identity is socially and linguistically constructed, Moi claimed that there is no fundamental female self. The problem of equality in literary theory does not lie in the fact that the literary canon is male and unrepresentative of female tradition, but in the fact that a canon exists at all. A feminine literary canon would be no less oppressive than the male canon because it would represent a particular socio demographic class of woman; it could not possibly represent all women because female tradition is vastly different depending on class, ethnicity, social values, sexuality, etc. For the same reasons, a female consciousness can't exist. She objects to any determination of identity based on gender because she sees it as an essentialist position. The debate between essentialist and postmodern feminist theorists was influenced by Moi's criticism.Some in the health profession were upset by Showalter's take on illnesses such as Gulf War syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in her book. In the absence of medical certainty, the belief that all such symptoms are psychological in origin is not an improvement over the belief that none of them are. Showalter admits to receiving hate mail, but still believes that these conditions are manifestations of hysteria. Some of Showalter's writing on popular culture that appeared in magazines like People and Vogue was criticized in the late 1990s. As the poststructuralist critique of identity politics became unfashionable, in ideas and in dress, it seemed for the avant-garde of the female professoriate to identify with either. Feminism has taken a hard line on fashion, shopping, and the whole beauty Monty... For those of us sisters hiding Welcome to Your Facelift inside The Second Sex, a passion for fashion can sometimes seem a shameful secret.I think it's time to come out of the closet. Showalter's stance in favor of patriarchal symbols of consumer capitalism and traditional femininity was criticized by her academic colleagues. Showalter said that we needn't fall into apocalyptic despair about the futility of political action or the impossibility of theoretical correctness as a pre-condition for action. The American journal Pedagogy gave it three review-essays and called it "the book we wish we had in our backpacks when we started teaching." The book A Literature of Their Own: British Women Novelists from Bront to Lessing is based on the thesis of Showalter's PhD. The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830–1980 discusses hysteria, which was once known as the "female malady" and is called depression today. From the Victorian era to the present, cultural ideas about feminine behavior have shaped the definition and treatment of female insanity.Sexual anarchy is a history of the sexes and the crises, themes, and problems associated with the battle for sexual supremacy and identity. Showalter began writing for popular magazines in the 1990s, bringing her work further into the public sphere than it ever had been during her academic career. The television critic for People magazine was <mask>. She said that popular culture wasn't something serious intellectuals were supposed to be concerned about. I want to be able to bring my skills to subjects that reach a wide audience. According to Showalter, hysteria, a medical condition traditionally seen as feminine, has persisted for centuries and is now present in cultural phenomena in the form of socially and medically accepted maladies. Showalter calls it an "imaginary illnesses" when popular media saturates the public with paranoid reports and findings.It's part of everyday life. It is still alive and well in the 1990s. Newspapers, magazines, talk shows, self-help books, and of course the internet ensure that ideas, once planted, manifest themselves internationally as symptoms. This view has caused Showalter to be criticized by patient's rights groups and medical practitioners who argue that Showalter is not qualified to make this determination. The US and the United Kingdom are home to many feminist icons since the 18th century. The contributions of intellectuals like Mary Wollstonecraft are covered by Showalter. Showalter states that popular media is important to the perception of women and feminism today.The guide to teaching English literature to undergraduate students is called Teaching Literature. Approaches to teaching theory, preparing and talking about taboo subjects, and many other practical topics are covered by Showalter. Showalter says that teaching should be taken as seriously as scholarship. The Academic Novel and Its Discontents is a study of an academic novel from the 1950s to the present. A Jury of Her Peers: American Women Writers from Anne Bradstreet to Annie Proulx makes a claim for a literary tradition of American women writers. The 2012 Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism was won by this book. "The Civil Wars of Julia Ward Howe" is a biography of American feminist pioneer Julia Ward Howe, best known for writing the words to The Battle Hymn of the Republic.Showalter pursued an academic career against the wishes of her parents. She received a bachelor's degree, a master's degree, and a PhD from the University of California, Davis. At Rutgers University, she had her first academic appointment. She retired early from her faculty position at the university. Her parents were both in the wool business. Showalter's parents disapproved of her for marrying outside the Jewish faith. English Showalter is a professor of French literature.<mask>, an actor and comedian, and Vinca <mask> LaFleur, a professional speechwriter, are the children of the Showalters. The Archives Papers of <mask>ter can be found at the Women's Library at the Library of the London School of Economics. <mask>ter. British women novelists from Bront to Lessing wrote literature of their own. The Princeton University Press was published in 1977. <mask>ter. Women's writing and writing about women.Croom Helm was in London in 1979. <mask>. "Feminist Criticism in the Wilderness" is from Critical Inquiry 8. The University of Chicago was founded in 1981. <mask>ter. Women, madness, and English culture were the female malady. Pantheon Books was published in New York.<mask>, ed. Essays on women, literature, and theory are new feminist criticism. Pantheon Books was published in New York. <mask>ter. There is sexual anarchy at the fin de Sicle. New York: Viking. <mask>.Tradition and Change in American Women's Writing is Sister's Choice. The Clarendon Lectures were held in 1989. New York: Viking. <mask>. The stories are about hysterical epidemics and modern media. Columbia University Press was in New York in 1997. <mask>ter.She claimed a feminist intellectual heritage. New York: Scribner. <mask>. Teaching. Blackwell was published in Oxford in 2003 <mask>ter. The Academic Novel and its Discontents is a book by Faculty Towers.Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Deidre references further reading English. "Wollstonecraft to Lady Di" was written by The Nation. June 11, 2001. Toril, Moi. Politics is Sexual/Textual. London: Routledge in 1985.Nicole Plett. "Plague of the Millennium" is on the website. May 15, 1997. John Rouse. "After Theory, the Next New Thing" The month of Mar 2004. There is a new edition of Vol.66, No. The 4th page. There are 14 volumes. The <mask> papers can be found in The Women's Library. The <mask> papers are at the Brown University Open Yale lecture on "The Classical Feminist Tradition." <mask> was born in 1941.

masks:
Elaine Showalter
Elaine DiRollo
Showalter
Michael Showalter
Showalter
Elaine Showal
Elaine Showal
Elaine Showal
Elaine Showalter
Elaine Showal
Elaine Showalter
Elaine Showal
Elaine Showalter
Elaine Showalter
Elaine Showal
Elaine Showalter
Elaine Showal
Elaine Showalter
Elaine Showalter
Elaine Showalter


type: paraphrased

texts: <mask> was a lawyer and historian. He was a leader in the enlightenment of the Habsburg Monarchy. <mask> was involved in the development of historiography. He was a professor of law at the University of Olomouc. There were nine children born into the family of a municipal legal official in the Vysoina Region. His mother was <mask> and his father was <mask>. The family lived in house number eight on the main square.<mask> was a student at the local school. <mask>'s father died when he was 14. The Jesuit gymnasium in Tel was where his uncle sent him to study. He obtained a master's degree from the Faculty of Philosophy of Charles University in 1752 after covering the high school curriculum for four years. <mask> was becoming interested in the history of his own nation, which, since the Battle of White Mountain back in 1620, had been subjected to Catholicisation and Germanisation, while the Czech language had become no more than a means of communication between the peasants. <mask> attended the Faculty of Law at the University of Vienna and obtained a doctorate in civil and canon law. <mask> married Marie Anna and mastered Italian while in Vienna.<mask> was a professor of law at the University of Olomouc. He lectured on public and natural law at the University of Olomouc and received 900 Gulden a year. He was able to continue with his advocacy work. <mask> added to his responsibilities Sommer's courses on Roman and Canon law. He changed his middle name from Vt to <mask> to reflect his "motto" of "Return the Old Glory to the Homeland!" (). The secular professors of law started to teach the lectures on Canon law for theology students at the Faculty of Theology in 1741.300 theology students of theology attended Monse's Canon law classes, which normally had 50 law students. Monse was a strong supporter of the newly developing enlightenment ideals. He defended the reforms of Joseph II. The publication of his ideas evoked real outrage among the traditional theologians. The Catholics leadership spread gossip that the altar-bread fell out of Monse's mouth during communion, and that the burning of a nearby village represented God's punishment for Monse's teachings. Monse published the work of an anonymous 13th century French author entitled in, a dialogue between a priest and a soldier about the status of popes and kings. One of the Monse's former students found the treatise in the library.He sent the work to <mask>, who translated it and published it. He said at the end of the book that it was published with the best of intentions and "not to irritate" because the ideas in the thesis were still controversial 500 years after they were first written. That didn't help much. <mask> came close to being kicked out of the University due to the harsh criticism he received. <mask>'s advocacy of the suppression of church institutions in favor of the secular state was welcomed at the royal court, and he was able to retain the professorship of secular law, but was prevented from giving lectures on canon law. The University of Olomouc was held by the Catholics despite the Jesuits' dissolution. In the second half of the 17th century, the University management was found to have flaws, which was used by the emperor to move the University beyond the reach of the church at Olomouc.<mask> became the head of the Directorate of Law at the same time as it was established. <mask> couldn't continue with his advocacy career now. The history of Moravia was published in German by <mask>. <mask> was elevated to noble status in 1780 after giving a speech on the history of Moravia. On December 1, 1780, he was elevated to noble status with his family. <mask> remained the main target of catholic reaction despite these achievements. In the year 1490s, <mask> started lecturing about the history of the Moravians.His own history of Moravia only reaches to 1306. <mask> was a member of the learned societies. He was a historian and a lawyer in the first two societies. He was in contact with many other figures of enlightenment in the Habsburg Monarchy. The University was relocated back to Olomouc by decree of Emperor Joseph II. The institution lost its university status at the same time. The Emperor decided to keep three universities.The emperor dissolved the Collegium Nobilium. <mask> started publishing in the Czech language. <mask> insisted on the establishment of a Department of National Law and History, but it only lasted until 1786. The Faculty of Law was formed in 1784. <mask> stopped lecturing after his health deteriorated. <mask>'s publishing activity was reduced due to his health problems and the catholic reaction. He died in Olomouc.The lectures on law and history ended after his death. <mask>'s interest in both Moravian humanism and Benedictine historiography led him to link the earlier Societas eruditorum incognitorum in terris Austriacis in Olomouc with the Société patriotique. His lectures show an increasing willingness to link the early Enlightenment claims made on behalf of natural law with an appreciation of the historical law of Moravia. This shows the influence of a critical historical perception on the judicial theory of Joseph von Sonnenfels. <mask> saw the need for an ideological basis that could unite the new educated middle class with the Enlightened intelligentsia's interest in the arts and sciences. He created the platform for a Moravian patriotic revival, enriched by historical Renaissance humanism, after finding such a basis in critical historiography. The translation is about witches, superstitions, etc.The Age of Enlightenment 1733 births 1793 is also referred to as Olomouc 1792.

masks:
Monse
Monse
Anna Monse
Karl Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Vratislav
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse
Monse


texts: Over the course of four decades, <mask> worked for conservative and right-wing candidates in the United States, Canada, Israel, Central and Eastern Europe. <mask> ran a political consulting firm with his brother. Polling, strategy, message, media, ad placement, and advising on general campaign management were his specialties. <mask> grew up in a lower-middle-class Jewish family, living in Brooklyn's East New York section until age 11, then in Levittown, New York, and later Queens. Finkelstein graduated from Forest Hills High School after attending local public schools. The parents were immigrants from Eastern Europe and the father worked in the garment trade. Finkelstein was a volunteer at the New York headquarters of the Draft Goldwater Committee while he was a student at Columbia University.He earned a bachelor's degree in economics and political science from Queens College in 1967. <mask> was part of the NBC News team that did election analysis in 1968. "Bud" Lewis. He worked in the Data Processing department of the New York Stock Exchange in the 70s. He argued politics from a street-corner soapbox during this period. In 1969 he aided Senator <mask> in his unsuccessful campaign for Mayor of New York City. <mask>'s political patron and consulting partner in the early 1970s was F. White, the mastermind of the Draft Goldwater Committee.The Conservative campaign of <mask>. Buckley for senator from New York was the first electoral success for the young pollster. He was able to maneuver his clients to victory in several New York statewide contests. Buckley won a plurality upset victory over the incumbent Republican. Buckley wrote, "<mask>, my volunteer analyst who called the final results within one-tenth of one percent based on a Sunday-night telephone survey, assured me that I had won." Finkelstein encapsulated Buckley's message, " Isn't it about time we had a Senator?" <mask>'s work in New York led to him being one of several pollsters for President Richard M. Nixon's re-election campaign. <mask> was elected senator from North Carolina in the 1972 election.The National Congressional Club was established after the election by Finkelstein and Helms aides. In the mid-1970s, <mask> and White parted ways, and he founded his own firm. White supported Gerald Ford while Finkelstein worked for Ronald Reagan. He helped Helms's Congressional Club win the North Carolina primary. His work continued after the Texas primary. In 1976, Finkelstein helped organize Reagan's campaign-saving comeback in North Carolina, which was crucial in Reagan's further political advancement. Reagan made a major issue of the Panama Canal Treaties, which angered conservative voters, at <mask>'s urging.Reagan's signature issue was this one. Thousands of Wallace voters were cut adrift during his slide in the primaries, and Reagan media man <mask> recruited a Wallaceite from Fort Worth to radio and television spots for Reagan. It was very strong. Mike Robinson wrote that Finkelstein was viewed by many as instrumental in Gov. Reagan had primary successes in North Carolina and Texas. The post-Watergate Federal Election Campaign Act amendments and the Supreme Court decision in Buckley v. Valeo changed the rules of Presidential and Congressional contests. Finkelstein pioneered the concept and execution of independent expenditure campaigns, which would operate as a third force in an election beyond the control of candidate or party officials.The most successful IE operation of this period was the National Conservative Political Action Committee. Terry Dolan was the Executive Director. In 1981 New Right activist Richard Viguerie wrote about the importance of research and polling. Democrats Dick Clark in Iowa and Thomas J. McIntyre in New Hampshire were defeated in 1978. Conservatives replaced the liberals. Finkelstein created hard-hitting ads for NCPAC. A central idea behind the strategy was to expose the liberal words and actions in Washington of elected officials, usually senators, whose moderate or conservative public image at home was at odds with their actual voting record.NCPAC ran IEs in six states in 1980, helping to topple liberal Democrats in Iowa, Indiana, Idaho, and South Dakota. There were two negative TV ads in the presidential contest, one featuring <mask> and the other with Edward Kennedy shouting "And no more <mask>!" <mask> concentrated these ad buys in Southern states which switched from Carter to Reagan in 1980. Finkelstein did not believe in a conservative third party in order to help conservatives win elections. He warned activists at a February 1977 conference that the development of a third party could hurt conservative options in the future, because of traditional and emotional ties to party labels. The Watergate scandal cost the GOP the one clear advantage it had over the Democrats, which was the perception by voters that it was more honest of the two parties. He counseled against third-party option, saying that it would only succeed in drawing conservatives out of both parties, creating a weak satellite party and leaving the major parties more liberal.Finkelstein found success in guiding individual Senate and House campaigns. Orrin Hatch, a Reagan backer and political unknown, defeated a three-term Democratic incumbent in Utah in 1976. He worked for <mask> in North Carolina and Strom Thurmond in South Carolina in the 70s and 80s. Finkelstein shepherded Campbell to his first win in the 4th Congressional District. <mask> was one of the pollsters advising Ronald Reagan's primary campaign after a brief stint as an adviser to conservative Congressman Phil Crane. His services were sought by the George H.W. Bush had a campaign.In 1980, he engineered the improbable Senate victory of Long Island supervisor Alfonse D'Amato over incumbent <mask>, another three-way contest where the Democrat was favored. He helped the campaign of Don Nickles, a State Senator from Oklahoma. Most unlikely was the victory of <mask> in the North Carolina Senate contest. In addition to Campbell, House winners included Duncan Hunter in California and Denny Smith in Oregon. Finkelstein had his share of Senate losses, including two by his previous client, <mask>. One month before the November election, Finkelstein was pollster-strategist for Maryland Congressman Robert Bauman, who narrowly lost his seat after he was charged in DC with homosexual solicitation. Finkelstein was a Reagan pollster and had been with the Reagan campaign since 1979.All the way through November. He rode the Republican wave of 1977–80 and found a period of consolidation in the 1980s that helped clients win re-election. <mask> was paid by the Republican National Committee to do work on behalf of the Reagan White House. The others were Richard and Robert. Newsweek reported in 1982 that each of the President's top three advisers has his own numbers man: "Wirthlin became Edwin Meese's pollster, Teeter became <mask>'s and now <mask> has become Michael Deaver's." Throughout Reagan's first term and into the 1984 re-election campaign, <mask> advised Deaver, conducting polls and planning events. Reagan went to France for the 40th anniversary of D-Day."For the White House, Finkelstein is more of an idea man than a pollster, specializing in media events such as the president's "spontaneous" drop-ins on disadvantaged individuals and institutions." In New Jersey, for <mask>, he was defeated in the GOP primary, and in New York, for Paul Curran, he was defeated in the GOP primary. In 1982, Finkelstein client Orrin Hatch sailed to re-election in Utah, while in Florida, a banking executive won his first campaign for the House. His efforts on behalf of Democrat-turned-Republican Congressman Eugene Atkinson of Pennsylvania ended in defeat, as did the Congressional campaign in Westchester County of <mask>. Finkelstein was the pollster-strategist for NCPAC and he helped to oust Democrat Howard Cannon in Nevada. Thereafter, they declined in influence. The dangers of running IEs and campaigns at the same time were illustrated when NCPAC was sued for running ads against New York Sen. Daniel Patrick Moynihan.The Washington Post editorialized in 1986 that both NCPAC and the Caputo campaign used the same pollster. They could not be independent unless the Caputo side of Mr. Finkelstein stopped communicating with the NCPAC side. Moynihan was never seriously challenged after revelations he'd lied about serving in the military, and Caputo's campaign collapsed after revelations he'd lied about serving in the military. Finkelstein was doing surveys for NCPAC as late as 1987. in New Mexico. After losing their majority in the Ontario Legislature following the 1985 elections, Finkelstein became involved in international polling for groups such as Canada's National Citizens Coalition and the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario. In the 1984 election cycle, he was involved in three pitched battles for the Senate, the most notable being the challenge of Democratic Governor <mask> to Helms in North Carolina.The National Congressional Club's permanent assets were used by the Ellis-Wrenn-Finkelstein team to wage a three-year campaign to undermine Hunt. The most expensive Senate race in history was won by Helms. Finkelstein would serve as pollster on the last Helms campaign. <mask> told the North Carolina team that he couldn't work for Helms anymore. The New Yorker was polite about it, didn't offer a reason, and recommended <mask> to handle the survey and strategy work. Helms was a critic of the gay rights movement. <mask> wasn't comfortable with <mask>'s stance on social issues, and it was due to Finkelstein's libertarian views.In New Hampshire, Finkelstein helped freshman conservative Sen. Gordon Humphrey overcome a challenge from long-time Democratic Congressman Norman D'Amours. Ray Shamie lost a close battle to the lieutenant governor in Massachusetts after winning a primary. Paul Tsongas left the Senate seat to be filled by <mask>. The congressman failed to oust the incumbent from the Senate nomination in Illinois despite tough ads suggesting that he was close to Yasser Arafat. His Congressional clients in 1984 included three New Yorkers, including Serphin Maltese, who lost a close race for a seat in Queens. He helped guide Bill Cobey to an upset victory in North Carolina. In 1985 <mask> lost the nomination for Virginia Attorney General Marshall Coleman, who went on to win the election.The Republicans lost their majority in the Senate. D'Amato and Nickles were re-elected in New York and Oklahoma, respectively. His candidate to succeed <mask> in North Carolina, David Funderburk, lost his primary, as did Congressman Tom Kindness in Ohio. Finkelstein did not push Ed Davis to victory in the California U.S. Senate primary. <mask> was part of the team that advised the UN. "Kirkpatrick Indicates Interest in White House; Kemp May Suffer if Ex-Envoy runs", The Washington Post, October 17, 1987. Kirkpatrick didn't want to run.The Florida Senate contest of 1988 was one of <mask>'s signature efforts. The congressman's campaign did not wait for the results of the Democratic primary to make a decision. <mask> decided that Congressman Buddy MacKay would emerge from the bitter face-off and began running TV and radio ads that said, "Hey Buddy, You're a Liberal." He failed to blunt the ideological attack because he focused on ethics, which was appropriate for defeating Democrat Bill Gunter, but useless against Mack. The "Hey Buddy" ads were unpopular with the press, but 22 of 23 Florida daily newspapers endorsed MacKay. Ronald Reagan and George H.W. endorsed Mack in the debates and ads. There is footage of Bush endorsing tax increases.A slight majority of voters cast ballots on Election Day, but an aggressive GOP absentee-voter program had already banked a margin of tens of thousands of votes, and Mack was elected senator by a total of 34,512 votes out of 4 million cast. In 1990 he was elected treasurer in the overwhelmingly Democratic state of Massachusetts after Finkelstein advised him in his campaign against Edward Kennedy. In New York, <mask> lost his re-election contest to Nita Lowey. Denny Smith was re-elected to Congress in Oregon. <mask> had long advised local and state party organizations in New York, including the powerful GOP committees of Westchester, Nassau and Suffolk Counties. He went into the world of New York City politics in 1989. Ronald Lauder, backed by Sen. D'Amato and guided by Finkelstein, was the primary challenge to Giuliani's initial candidacy for Mayor.The Giuliani-D'Amato feud colored Republican politics in the Empire State for several years after the selection of Rudy's successor as U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York. Millions of dollars' worth of hard-hitting advertising failed to stop Giuliani from winning the GOP nomination. Giuliani blamed the primary ads for his narrow loss. Pierre Rinfret almost finished in third place in the 1990 gubernatorial election, behind Conservative Party of New York State upstart Herbert London. D'Amato and Finkelstein assumed control over the moribund state party apparatus. William Powers, a D'Amato ally, was named chairman and began the rebuilding process. The Committee for New York was started by D'Amato allies in 1989 in order to aid Republicans outside of the decaying party team.<mask> was not a fan of the current administration. Bush was in office.

masks:
Arthur Jay Finkelstein
Ronald Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
John Marchi
Finkelstein
James L
F Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Jesse Helms
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Arthur Finkelstein
Jimmy Carter
Jimmy Carter
Finkelstein
Jesse Helms
Finkelstein
Jacob Javits
John East
James Buckley
Finkelstein
James Baker
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Jim Wallwork
John Fossel
Jim Hunt
Finkelstein
John McLaughlin
Arthur
Jesse
John Kerry
Finkelstein
John East
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Joseph DioGuardi
Finkelstein
Finkelstein


texts: In a rare public appearance in February 1991, after the GOP's poor national showing in the November 1990 elections, he reminded a conservative audience that Reagan prospered through unabashed ideological appeals that drew crossover votes from sympathetic Democrats. Bush and other GOP candidates kicked that away in 1990 by raising taxes, sidestepping abortion and other social issues, and rooting for Gorbachev to succeed. Finkelstein said that they would have to go back to the things that got them here. D'Amato was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 The New York senator was cleared of any wrongdoing by the Senate Ethics Committee in 1991, but he was still the subject of a lot of negative news stories.<mask> responded to the 60 Minutes story on D'Amato with a program that denied many of the charges. D'Amato's advocacy for New York interests was emphasized in paid and earned media. D'Amato was shown in surveys to be a near-certain loser to most prospective challengers going into his 1992 re- election campaign. The D'Amato brothers were indicted on mail fraud charges in 1992. Just seven weeks before the election, <mask>'s polls showed D'Amato down 25 points. The Bush-Quayle ticket was a drag on D'Amato because of the huge lead enjoyed by Clinton in New York. <mask> moved to define Abrams by his liberal positions on issues.It was argued that support for a national health scheme was translated into a tax on jobs. His support for other tax increases was documented in TV and radio ads with the slogan "Bob Abrams: Hopelessly liberal". The D'Amato campaign repeated pay-for-play charges made by Ferraro during the Democratic primary. When news stories late in the campaign revealed the nominee's disallowed business-tax deductions, <mask>'s closing ad ran: "Bob Abrams never met a tax he didn't like." On Election Day 1992, as Bill Clinton was winning New York State by 16 points, D'Amato won re-election by 1.2 points, a margin of 80,794 votes, with a wave of Clinton-D'Amato split-ticket voting in Brooklyn, Queens and Buffalo the deciding factor. <mask> had more than one result that day. In North Carolina, he helped the Ellis-Wrenn-Congressional Club team guide businessman and former Democrat Lauch Faircloth to victory.Don Nickles was re-elected for a third term. In Illinois, the candidacy of Rich Williamson failed to defeat Carol Moseley Braun. Working-class Catholics and Jewish voters in New York City's outer boroughs were angered by Democratic leaders' handling of the Crown Heights violence and 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 The senator's ticket-splitting performance had the effect of shielding downticket candidates from the Bush debacle, and Republicans actually made Congressional gains in strong D'Amato areas. The New York GOP helped Giuliani's second Mayoral campaign. He endorsed the Senator for re- election, but D'Amato and Finkelstein did not back a primary challenger. This time, Giuliani ran a more effective race, riding to victory on a wave of discontent with incumbent David Dinkins, with even stronger turnout among ethnic Catholics and Jewish voters than in 1989, and in the same areas where D'Amato had done well a year earlier.In New York City in 1993, <mask> and Ronald Lauder helped to win a measure limiting the terms of elected city officials. The New York Times said it was a terrific defeat for the city's mostly Democratic political establishment, which had fought in court throughout the summer to kill the referendum, only to have the state's highest court order it on the ballot just two weeks before the election. Finkelstein had specialized in federal elections to this point, and it was uncertain how he would adapt to the local issues and personal style of a gubernatorial contest. After considering several alternative candidates, he and D'Amato decided to support George Pataki for Governor in 1994. They helped him through the State Convention and the primary victory over Richard Rosenbaum. The race against Cuomo was the main challenge. Mario Cuomo could have been senator or President, but <mask>'s first ad said, " Desperate candidates do desperate things...""The 1994 CAMPAIGN: ISSUES; Clamor Over Death Penalty Dominates Debate on Crime", The New York Times, October 9, 1994. The slogan is "Mario Cuomo: Too liberal for too long." Pataki introduced himself in ads as a gentle reformer, then angry in responding to Cuomo attacks, and finally enthusiastic, in excerpts from rally speeches at campaign's close. Cuomo defended his record and played up D'Amato's sponsorship of Pataki's campaign, but had trouble overcoming the anti-incumbent tide. When Giuliani endorsed Cuomo on October 24, Pataki had a slight lead in public surveys, but attacks on his fellow Republican quickly became a staple of evening news programs. Finkelstein's tracking survey showed a Cuomo lead ballooning to 13 points within days. It needed a swift response.He chose to attack Giuliani's endorsement as a corrupt deal with Cuomo, using headlines to suggest the Governor had used taxpayer money to buy the Mayor's backing. In public appearances, Pataki pushed this argument. Negative reaction to Giuliani was especially strong in the Metro North and Long Island suburbs. During a statewide flyaround for Cuomo, the Mayor's plane was chased by protesters on the tarmac. When Cuomo refused a one-on-one debate, Pataki appeared alone on a WCBS-TV Election Eve program. Pataki defeated Cuomo by 4 points. Mario Cuomo was the most prominent Democrat to fall."For good or ill, Mr. Pataki's campaign is almost entirely a creation of Mr." wrote Todd Purdum of The New York Times. Finkelstein. In November 1994, Delaware provided another win for Finkelstein, as long time Senator Bill Roth coasted to victory for his fifth term. After Election Day 1994, D'Amato and Finkelstein were given new challenges and opportunities, as the 14-year incumbent was named by his Senate peers as chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee. Phil Gramm of Texas had just piloted Republicans to a 7-seat gain and regained control of the Senate. For Finkelstein, it was his first bow as an inside player on a Washington campaign committee, his dealings previously being as representative of an individual candidate. They helped to direct Senate campaigns in 33 states at the same time.One of their first moves was to break the cycle of hiring parochial-minded Senate aides to manage the committee, and their choice for Executive Director was <mask>, a top executive with Gateway Computers and the Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation. <mask> B. Barnhart was hired as Political Director. Barnhart served as Commissioner of the Social Security Administration. Roll Call newspaper named all three of them as "Politics' Fabulous Fifty" in 1996. The two dominant Republicans of 1995-96 were House Speaker Newt Gingrich and Senate Majority Leader Bob Dole. The Oklahoma City bombing gave President Bill Clinton an opportunity to marginalize his opponents, and slowed the progress of the reform-minded Republican Congress. Gingrich was turned into a pariah through much of the country because of his own mistakes and Dole was running for President because of his ambition.In 1996, Dole resigned from the Senate to campaign full-time, but he was behind Clinton to stay, and polling less than 40% nationwide. D'Amato remained personally devoted to Dole, but <mask> and the NRSC team urged Republican Senate candidates to cut loose from unpopular national leaders and carve their own individual profiles on issues. New legal ways to deliver assistance to Senate campaigns and local parties were found by the committee. The wave of millionaire political unknowns recruited by the Democrats was blunted by the NRSC. Bob Smith (New Hampshire), <mask> (Virginia), 75-year-old <mask> (North Carolina) and 94-year-old Strom Thurmond (South Carolina) were all shored up by it. As Clinton defeated Dole by 9 points and Gingrich's House Republicans lost 8 seats, Senate Republicans won open seats in Alabama, Arkansas and Nebraska. In a poor GOP year, the D'Amato-Finkelstein NRSC gained 2 seats and narrowly missed another gain in the Max Cleland - Guy Millner race in Georgia.Finkelstein was not a consultant to the Dole Presidential campaign. In the waning days of the election, the New Yorker's influence on strategy was detected by a Time magazine reporter. Finkelstein is using a remote control. Dole is chanting the Finkelstein slogan and the Senator's latest brain trust is dominated by "Arthur's Boys". "Liberal!" Liberal! Liberal!He cried in Missouri. In 1996, Senator Larry Pressler of South Dakota and ex-Senator Rudy Boschwitz of Minnesota both lost in close races. Bob Smith won with a plurality of votes. Dick Zimmer was defeated in his Senate bid against Robert Torricelli and later helped Benjamin Netanyahu become the Prime Minister of Israel. According to The Jerusalem Post, <mask> was largely responsible for the strategy that brought Netanyahu victory. According to the Times of Israel, <mask> was behind the "Peres will divide Jerusalem" slogan that helped Netanyahu overcome Shimon Peres who had been forecast to sweep to power in the wake of the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin. The election brought more American-style, aggressive and negative campaigning to Israel.Finkelstein's expertise helped in subtler ways, such as dyeing Netanyahu's salt-and-pepper hair gray to give him a more statesmanlike appearance. <mask>'s strategist was called the brains behind Netanyahu's first election victory by <mask> of The Jerusalem Post. Netanyahu's campaign back then was that you were either for him or against him. The slogan at the time was 'Netanyahu is good for the Jews.' If you're not for Netanyahu, you're not good for the Jews, and therefore an enemy. If Netanyahu is good for the Jews, then this also hints that he's bad for the Arabs, even though they make up 20% of the country's population. <mask>'s biggest challenge that year was the August issue of Boston magazine, which revealed his private life as a homosexual, and the fact that several Finkelstein clients had voted against gay-rights measures in Congress."I don't think a person's sexual orientation, his private life, should be brought up and I think the question is offensive," D'Amato said in September. He's a decent person and whatever his sexual orientation is, that's his business. The re-election campaigns of Senator D'Amato and Governor Pataki in 1998 were anchored by <mask>'s next two years. The calm, earnest Pataki won high approval ratings and discouraged stronger Democrats from challenging him, as the contests were as different as the candidates themselves. Giuliani was re-elected as Mayor of New York in 1997. Pataki defeated New York City Council President Peter Vallone by 21 percentage points thanks to a highly positive campaign that focused on fulfillment of promises from 1994. Since his narrow victory in 1992, D'Amato's profile has grown more Republican in this still-heavily Democratic state.D'Amato was damaged in a state where Bill Clinton crushed the Kansan by nearly 2-to-1 (59.5% to 30.6%), doubling his 1992 margin over Bush. D'Amato's decision to divorce his wife after a long separation and announce his engagement to a young socialite did not help his ratings, while others recalled his mock-Japanese impression of O. J. Simpson case Judge Lance Ito. D'Amato raised a record $26 million for the 1998 campaign, and <mask> went to work early shoring up his client's "Senator Pothole" image of close attention to local needs and the problems of individual New Yorkers. State polls showed that health care and social concerns needed to be addressed. The ads are called "Al D'Amato Cares, Al D'Amato Makes a Difference, Al D'Amato Gets Things Done." The Democratic primary was between two politicians. <mask> was prepared for both scenarios.Schumer began ads questioning the candidate's work ethic after he won. Schumer missed a lot of committee meetings as a congressman. D'Amato gamely held onto the lead despite the Democrat's weaknesses, as the unexpected line of attack stymied the Democrat in late September and early October. There was a show of arrogance and bad judgement at a closed-door meeting with Jewish supporters in Brooklyn. D'Amato made a mockery of Democratic U.S. Rep. <mask> Nadler. He referred to Schumer as a "putzhead" in the meeting. He denied using this characterization

masks:
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
John Heubusch
Jo Anne
Finkelstein
John Warner
Jesse Helms
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Jeff Barak
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Jerrold


texts: when asked by reporters, but his own supporters, who were present at the meeting, disagreed.The film of the denial was turned into a TV ad. The senator was leading by 10 points with two weeks to go after D'Amato's "putzhead" comment. The meltdown was swift and decisive, especially among Jewish voters, with Schumer's ads relentlessly driving the message of D'Amato's dishonesty and dislikeability. "D'Amato: Too many lies for too long" was the Democrat's closing slogan. Schumer won by 20 points. <mask> was brought back into the fold in the closing weeks of the race by Sen. Lauch Faircloth, who had replaced <mask> for his 1998 reelection campaign in North Carolina. cloth lost a close contest to <mask>s.Finkelstein spent more time working overseas in the 2000s than in previous decades, with clients in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Kosovo, Ukraine and Azerbaijan. In 1999, he worked for Benjamin Sharon, who became Prime Minister in 2001, as well as Avigdor Lieberman and his Yisrael Beytenu party. After Mack's retirement, Finkelstein was in demand for the 2000 Florida contest. He helped clear the Republican field early in anticipation of a tough general election against Insurance Commissioner Bill Nelson. It was a close race, but with a different outcome than the 1988 Senate campaign. After revelations of George W. Bush's 1976 drunken driving conviction, the enthusiasm of Republican voters waned, and Nelson was elected. While running for the other Florida Senate seat on Bob Graham's retirement in 2004, he was defeated by Senator Mel Martinez after low fundraising allowed the challenger to overcome his early lead.In 2006 when he was the consensus GOP choice for Attorney General, he defeated Democrat Skip Campbell, polling well in a poor year for Republicans. Finkelstein was favored by the state's GOP Establishment in the campaign for Florida Governor. The plans were upended by Rick Scott's candidacy, which resulted in a furious contest for the nomination. Scott went on to win the election to the Statehouse against Alex Sink, who was a Democrat. In 2004, an open seat in Florida's 14th Congressional District allowed Finkelstein to help create a political dynasty, as he steered State Rep. Connie Mack IV to a narrow victory in a four-way primary, then general-election wins in 2004, 2006, 2008 and 2010. In the 2012 election, <mask> was the strategist for Mack's Senate campaign, but he was defeated by Bill Nelson by a million votes. The leader of Hungary, Viktor Orbn, was a leading Finkelstein client in the 2010s.New York Pataki's third gubernatorial campaign, in 2002, provided some fresh challenges to Finkelstein, including a contest for the Conservative Party of New York State nomination, a still-shrinking Republican base, and a strong third-party challenge from millionaire B. Thomas Golisano. Pataki was placed as an economic conservative but more moderate on social and spending issues by Finkelstein. Dennis Rivera and Randi Weingarten endorsed the shift. Pataki had a 15-point victory, polling 48.3% to 32.7% for the state comptroller. <mask> tried to make use of Pataki's coattails by helming the campaign of David Cornstein for the state Comptroller slot. Cornstein brought personal resources and a strong finance team to the table. He was an ally of both the Mayor and Governor, with a City/ Long Island base and unusual appeal as a Jewish Republican running as a moderate-conservative.Cornstein abandoned his run in 2001 after party regulars fell in behind a onetime legislative leader for the GOP minority. In 2002 he lost his bid for Governor of New York with 46.5% of the vote, and in 2006 he lost his bid with 29.2% of the vote. Cornstein was named the U.S. Ambassador to Hungary. In New York, <mask> announced the organization of Stop Her Now, a 527 committee dedicated to defeating Hillary Clinton in the 2006 New York U.S. Senate race. Clinton breezed to an easy re- election, and the political action committee was not a factor in the contest. The new Yankee Stadium was built next to the old ballfield in the Bronx after <mask> defeated the proposal by Cablevision and its allies to build a new stadium on Manhattan's West Side.<mask> was the filer of the Finkelstein firm's disclosure forms. Rick Lazio was advised by Finkelstein during his campaign for governor of New York. Lazio lost the GOP nomination contest. After the demise of the National Congressional Club, North Carolina <mask> continued to work with Carter Wrenn on Tar Heel State races. The term-limited Democrat <mask> was succeeded by the former Charlotte mayor, Richard Vinroot. The drop in Republican voter enthusiasm in the closing days of the race hurt Vinroot as he was defeated by Mike Easley, 44.2% to 52.4%. In one of <mask>'s last major races before his death, he worked with Wrenn to win a spirited primary fight between two sitting Congressmen -- George Holding and Renee Ellmers.After helping Ellmers pull one of the shocking House upsets of the 2010 election, she abandoned the veteran consultant and allied herself with House GOP leaders. In this primary, Wrenn backed Holding, a former US Attorney he'd guided to victory in 2012 and 2014). Holding defeated Ellmers, 53.4% to 23.6%, and went on to win a re- election in November against Democrat <mask>. McNeil. The 30-year lawmaker fell to Thomas Carper in the November of 2000 after Finkelstein continued as his pollster. Finkelstein advised David Dewhurst against challenging George W. Bush, who won the election a year later. In 1998, he shepherded the millionaire to victory for the post of state Land Commissioner, then to two successive wins in 2002 and 2006 for the job of Lieutenant Governor. In 2012 <mask> worked against Dewhurst in the U.S. Senate primary, polling for the <mask> campaign.The 2004 primary challenge by conservative Pennsylvania Congressman Pat Toomey against moderate incumbent Sen. Arlen Specter was Finkelstein's work. After massive assistance from the NRSC and Bush White House, Specter averted defeat and was re-elected to his seat in 2010. In 2005, <mask> was defeated by <mask> in the race for governor of New Jersey. In November 2008, <mask>'s aided the California campaign of <mask>, who defeated Democrat Mary Bono in Obama's triumphant year. Bono lost her seat in 2012 after being redistricted. <mask> took on the campaign of Bill Binnie for the GOP Senate nomination in New Hampshire. Binnie was defeated in the election by Kelly Ayotte.Finkelstein told an audience in the Czech Republic that three presidential candidates had asked him to be their pollster, but he turned them down. He noted that Ron Paul wasn't one of those three. <mask> was known for his hard-edged political campaigns, which often focused on a single message with great repetition. He is credited with helping to make "liberal" a dirty word in the United States during the late 1980s and 1990s through the use of commercial messages such as this, intended to damage the image of <mask>. He was called "Embarrassingly liberal" by Senator Paul Wellstone. It's decades out of touch. Wellstone's liberal grass-roots base may have helped.Rudy Boschwitz came closer to defeating a Democratic incumbent than any other GOP challenger. Finkelstein said he wouldn't engage in negative campaigning because it means false accusations, a strategy he called "rejectionist voting", a formula based on slogans. The Liberal-branding strategy was dubbed "Finkel-think" by leading Bob Dole advisers, and the presidential nominee was using it against President Bill Clinton. Darrell M. West said in 1996 that he uses a sledgehammer in every race. I've detected five phrases he uses. Philip Friedman, a Manhattan consultant who got his start working for Finkelstein's frequent Democratic rival David Garth, described the pollster as "the ultimate sort of Dr. Strangelove, who believes you can largely disregard what the politicians are going to say and do, what the newspapers are going to Republican strategist Roger Ailes, who worked with Finkelstein on numerous races in the 1980s, described him as a polling guy with creative talents.Finkelstein was involved in the Republican Congressional campaign in 1982. We didn't know if busing was an issue in Westchester. He was told by his polls that it was. I said "I don't think it is, but if it is, it isn't to me" and we didn't use it. Carter Wrenn, who worked on Republican campaigns for 44 years with Finkelstein in North Carolina, called him one of the most creative people he has ever worked with. He is a great analyst of polls and numbers. He has an analytical and creative mind.The guy is a hard worker. He has to work 18 hours a day. He will come if you need him. Tom Ellis said to just knock on his head and he would give you an idea. In 1990 Randall Rothenberg of The New York Times documented the rise of political and other ads intended to create controversy as well as to persuade. "Other Washington political hands give credit to <mask>, another Republican consultant, who deployed numerous news-generating commercials in his 1982 work for the National Conservative Political Action Committee." In 1979 the "Quarterly Journal of Speech" published an account of a Congressional primary race in Arizona.The "dance of the honest man" is a metaphor for responding to questions about transparency, honesty, or integrity by imagining oneself as a typical, honest voter. Finkelstein was credited by The Daily Telegraph with using polling data to show that Israelis would reject a deal with the Palestinians during the 1996 election in Israel. Benjamin Netanyahu's victory was attributed to Finkelstein's scare-mongering. Finkelstein's office shared a small building with a related firm that does telephone surveys and packages their results for political and business consultants. The firm used to be located in Mount Kisco. Murphy-Powers Media Inc. and Multi-Media Services are firms Finkelstein had interests in. "Arthur's Kids" Over four decades, Finkelstein was responsible for the early hiring and training of many successful Republican consultants, operatives and managers.Other people who worked with Finkelstein have gone on to have successful independent careers. Boston Magazine outed Finkelstein as a homosexual in 1996. In December 2004, <mask> married his partner in a civil ceremony at his home in Massachusetts. <mask> was a libertarian. He once worked for the Free Libertarian Party. While still working for many conservative candidates in his final years, he distanced himself from social conservative elements within the Republican Party. He denied in a 1979 interview that he was a hard-core right-winger.I haven't been involved with them. <mask> died of lung cancer in Massachusetts. He was survived by his wife, Donald Curiale, of Fort Lauderdale, two daughters, <mask> of Alpharetta, Ga., and a granddaughter, Maryn Kelly. A crook always beats a fool. "If you allow people to choose between the corrupt and the stupid, they will go for the corrupt." The most overwhelming fact of politics is what people don't know. " stupid people say stupid things."I have been criticized for running campaigns for 20 years. I plead guilty. As long as there are more conservatives than liberals, I will continue to run ideological campaigns. <mask> told the Conservative Political Action Conference that he did not lie. It's what you think is true that's true in politics. You will believe the second thing if I tell you one thing is true. A good politician will tell you a few things that are true before he will tell you a few things that are not.The Republican Party has become the party of the Christian right more so than any other time in modern history because of Bush's victory. Anyone who supports abortion will be labeled a Democrat if they are a member of the Republican Party. Democrats will be put off by her. Hillary Clinton is a wonderful candidate for the presidency. I think I'm the playwright or the director, not the actor. The actors need to be on stage. I don't think it's right that people who do what I do become as important as people who are running.If any of you get elected, don't run your own campaign, don't let your spouse do it, and don't listen to the nice lady who praises the brilliance. He said that people don't want services to be cut. Voters aren't sophisticated enough to understand that one leads to the other. He cited the New York mayoral campaign of <mask> in 1965, in which he promised to cut the budget in half and double the services. When it was apparent that he had doubled the budget and cut services, Lindsay said, "Yes, I made a mistake, but I was re-elected when I promised to help end the Vietnam War." There are three types of candidates' wives, the wife who hates politics and refuses to come out of the house, the wife who is reluctant but will do what she is asked, and the wife who wants to be the candidate and loves politics more than her husband. There were two people put in the last category.The first time a town clerk loses an election after my figures show him winning, I will be over the hill. George said, "<mask>, do you realize how much we're changing history?" He said, "I don't know how much we're changing history; we're touching history." He said in one of his last speeches that he wanted to change the world. I did it. I made it worse. There are External links to the Hungarian news report about Finkelstein and

masks:
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
JohnEward
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Ronald Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Jim Hunt
Finkelstein
John P
Finkelstein
Craig James
Finkelstein
Jon Corzine
Finkelstein
Julie Bornstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Jack Reed
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Finkelstein
Molly Finkelstein
Finkelstein
John Lindsay
Arthur


texts: The American intelligence officer for the United States Drug Enforcement Administration was named "<mask>". Drug traffickers kidnapped Camarena in February 1985 in Guadalajara, Mexico. He was tortured and murdered. Three leaders of the Guadalajara drug gang were convicted in Mexico for the murder of Camarena. Ten more trials were held in Los Angeles for other Mexican nationals involved in the crime after the U.S. investigation into Camarena's murder. The case has caused trouble between the US and Mexico, most recently when one of the traffickers was released from a Mexican prison. The border city of Mexicali, Mexico, was where the early life and career of <mask> was born.When Camarena was a child, the family migrated to Calexico, California. After his parents divorced, the family suffered considerable poverty. Eduardo joined the Marines and was killed in Vietnam. His brother had a troubled police record. Camarena graduated from Calexico High School in 1966. Camarena joined the Marines after graduating from high school. He joined the police department after his discharge.From regular police work, he moved on to undercover narcotics work as a Special Agent on the Imperial County Narcotic Task Force. The Drug Enforcement Administration started a hiring program for Spanish speaking agents after it was established. Myrna and Enrique were both special agents in the Calexico office of the Drug Enforcement Administration. In 1977 he worked undercover for the agency in the San Joaquin Valley. Elaine Shannon describes Camarena as a natural in the theater of the street, able to slip easily into a Puerto Rican accent or toss off Mexican gutter slang. He was described as driven even by the standards of the job. In 1980, a colleague and close friend of <mask>'s suggested that he apply for an assignment at the office, where a position was open.Drug traffickers exploded in the 1980s because of a surge in work in the Guadalajara office of the Drug Enforcement Administration. By this time, she had three sons. Guadalajara's spring-like weather and the city's American school and favorable exchange rate convinced Camarena and his family that the move would be good for the family as well. Anti-narcotic efforts in Mexico have been going on for a long time. Mexican heroin and marijuana production became a concern to the U.S. in the 1960s, but the first major American joint actions with the Mexican government did not begin until the 1970s. Mexico became an important source of American heroin after the French heroin connection was shut down. Mexican marijuana production boomed in the early 1970s as well, and was later a major component of the Guadalajara Cartel's production and trafficking.Mexico was not a major transshipment point for cocaine at this point. In response to American pressure, Mexico began eradication programs of opium and marijuana plantations. The first programs used mostly manual eradication, such as "Operation Cooperation" in 1970. The eradication efforts grew as the plantation sizes grew. In 1975, Mexican president Luis Echeverra approved "Operation Trizo", which used a fleet of dozens of planes and helicopters to spray defoliants. For funding and operations, the spraying programs required extensive American involvement. In addition to training Mexican pilots, the DEA pilots helped spot fields for spraying and verified that spraying runs had destroyed targeted fields.The Drug Enforcement Agency was allowed to fly Mexican airspace as part of the program. There was a reduction in Mexican heroin quality and quantity as a result of these flights. There were positive results for Mexican law enforcement on the ground. One of the first to transship cocaine through Mexico was arrested in 1975. Pedro Aviles was killed in a shoot-out with Mexican Federal Police in 1978. The first American narcotics law enforcement office was opened in Mexico City in the mid-1960s by the Federal Bureau of narcotics, a branch of the Treasury Department. The Guadalajara office opened in 1969.As American drug enforcement agencies first began to grow, these and other offices opened by various agencies remained in place. The offices were opened with the permission of the Mexican government. Drug Enforcement Agency agents in Mexico and other countries are subject to a number of restrictions by the host country. They don't have law enforcement powers, instead of performing intelligence, liaison, and advisory functions, collecting and passing along information on drug trafficking, and advising on local anti-narcotics programs. Although there was an informal agreement with the Mexican federal government that agents could carry personal weapons, it was illegal for foreigners to do so and local officials were free to arrest them. Drug Enforcement Administration agents accredited to the U.S. Embassy in Mexico City had full diplomatic status, but they could not be arrested and imprisoned without official protections. Drug Enforcement Agency activities abroad are restricted by American law.Host country restrictions prohibit agents from doing undercover work abroad. The Mansfield amendment was passed by Congress in 1975, prohibiting Drug Enforcement Agency personnel from being present at the scene of an arrest outside the U.S. Except where lives were threatened, agents were not allowed to use force. The investigation of <mask>'s death was complicated by this. Drug traffickers in Mexico were on the rise when <mask> took up his post in Guadalajara. There were many reasons for this. The aerial spotting and eradication activities endorsed by President Echeverra were stopped by Mexican President José Lpez Portillo in 1978.It was easier for producers to build large plantations that were discovered later in the 1980s because of this. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the United States became a primary target of the Drug Enforcement Administration, leaving Mexican enforcement a secondary concern. After four and a half years in Guadalajara, major traffickers came to take the place of the figures who were killed in the 1970s. These were the best known of them. The core of what came to be called the Guadalajara Cartel was formed by these three. The three were found guilty of being involved in the abduction and murder of Camarena. The major marijuana plantations that sprang up in the early 1980s were investigated by the resident agent.In the past, plantations were located in remote mountain areas, where irrigation did not require drilling wells. The yields were low, the quality varied, and the transportation was expensive. The new plantations were planted with an improved variety of marijuana called "sinsemilla". The variety brought higher prices in North American markets. In remote desert areas, transportation was less expensive. There were a number of problems faced by the new plantations. Mexico had strict laws regarding well digging, a problem that was solved by massive bribes.The larger the farm, the easier it was to spot plantations in the barren deserts. Money and intimidation allowed farms to grow quickly without being noticed. Drug Enforcement Administration agents in Mexico were not allowed to do solo overflights and undercover work, which made it difficult to cultivate sources of information. Shannon writes that nobody else in the Guadalajara office could match the charisma of <mask>. He was able to convince a man to go where he didn't think he would go. The first discovery of one of the new style plantations was made in 1982. "Miguel" was told by the man running the plantation that it was outside of a small, isolated town called Vanegas in the state of San Luis Potosi, just across the border from the state of Zacatecas.Juan José Esparragoza Moreno was the main financier of the plantation, according to "Miguel". The plantation was finally located in August 1982. Two solo overflights were arranged to confirm that it was a major plantation. Mexican authorities raided the plantation in September. The plantation employed hundreds of growers. Over four thousand tons of sinsemilla marijuana were destroyed in the raid, making it the largest plantation discovered up to that time. A marijuana plantation with an estimated annual production of $8 billion was destroyed by 450 Mexican soldiers in 1984 after receiving information from the Drug Enforcement Administration.On February 7, 1985, corrupt Mexican officials working for the major drug traffickers kidnapped Camarena, who was suspected of being the source of the information. The residence at                                                        His ribs were broken and he had a metal object puncture his skull. The body of Camarena was found wrapped in plastic in a rural area outside the small town of La Angostura in the state of Michoacn on March 5, 1985. The US Drug Enforcement Administration launched the largest homicide investigation in the agency's history after investigating the torture and murder of Camarena. A special unit was dispatched to coordinate the investigation in Mexico, where government officials were implicated, including the past director of Mexican Federal Judicial Police. Under pressure from the U.S. government, Mexican President Miguel de la Madrid quickly arrested Carillo and Quintero, who were identified as the primary suspects in the kidnapping.The United States government pursued a lengthy investigation. Due to the difficulty of extraditing Mexican citizens, the Drug Enforcement Administration went as far as to detain two suspects, including the doctor who is accused of prolonging the life of Camarena. lvarez was brought to trial in Los Angeles despite protests from the Mexican government. The judge ruled that there wasn't enough evidence to support a guilty verdict and ordered lvarez's release. The U.S. government was sued by lvarez for breaching the U.S.–Mexico treaty. The Supreme Court ruled that lvarez was not entitled to relief. The four other defendants, Vsquez Velasco, Juan Ramn Matta-Ballesteros, Juan José Bernabé Ramrez, and Rubén Zuno Arce, were found guilty.Mexican officials were implicated in covering up the murder of Zuno. The Mexican police destroyed evidence. Time magazine featured Camarena on the cover. The Administrator's Award of Honor was 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 An annual scholarship is given to graduating high school seniors by the California Narcotic Officers' Association. His home town of Calexico, California, has a school, library and street named after him. The Calexico Unified School District has a junior high school.The La Joya Independent School District in Texas named an elementary school after him. The annual Red Ribbon Week, which teaches school children and youths to avoid drug use, was established in his memory. The foundation was established in the memory of the man. The board of directors is made up of people who share the same commitment to alcohol, tobacco and other drug and violence prevention as Camarena's family and friends. An annual award is given to a member of law enforcement who carries out anti-drugs work. The memorial was built by the Calexico Police Department. There is a memorial in the halls of the department.There are several books written on the subject. The book is called O Plata o Plomo? James H. Kuykendall was the retired resident agent in charge of the Drug Enforcement Administration. Roberto Saviano's book Zero Zero Zero deals with Camarena's undercover work and his eventual fate. Camarena and his wife had three sons. Steven Bauer was cast in the American television series Drug Wars: The Camarena Story. A History Channel documentary called Heroes Under Fire: Righteous Vendetta chronicles the events associated with and features interviews with family members and other people involved in the investigation.In the first-season episode "The Men of Always", news footage from the aftermath of Camarena's death is recapped. The first season of the spin-off series Narcos: Mexico is dedicated to the story of the man who was killed in Mexico. Michael Pea is an American actor. Miss Bala is a Mexican film that depicts a fictionalized version of the murder. The Last Narc is an Amazon Prime Video mini-series that depicts the kidnapping of Camarena and the events leading up to it. James Kuykendall filed a lawsuit against the show after they claimed that he was involved in the murder. Also see "Mexico and the United States, an Undiplomatic Murder" in Economist.The American Journal of International Law 84 published "Kidnapping by Government Order: A Follow-Up". Drug Enforcement Administration Reauthorization for Fiscal Year 1986: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Crime was held by the U.S. House of Representatives. May 1, 1985 There are external links to Mark S.'s biography of <mask> Zaid. Houston Journal of International Law. The spring of 1997 in the northern hemisphere. Murders in North America include people who were murdered abroad, and people who were murdered in the United States.

masks:
Kiki
Enrique Camarena
Camarena
Camarena
Camarena
Kiki
Camarena


texts: <mask> II, also known as the "Texas Tornado", is an American former professional motorcycle racer who retired half-way through the 2014 season, but continues in the sport as a factory test rider. He was a two-time World Superbike champion and competed in the MotoGP class. He was born in Houston. At the age of three, his father introduced him to a minibike, and at the age of four he entered his first motocross race. Over the next ten years,<mask> became one of the top junior motocross competitors in the US, winning dozens of races in the 50cc to 80cc categories in local, regional and national events. At the age of 14,<mask> stopped competing in motocross races because he became distracted by the normal demands of being a teenager. A motorcycle road race event in north Texas in 1990 inspired him to attempt road racing.In 1991,<mask> began competing in amateur road-racing events, but quickly progressed to national events. He won a lot of amateur titles that year. His performance was enough for him to be offered a sponsored ride with South West, and he turned professional just before the start of the 1992 season. His first professional season was in the 250cc National Series. He won five of the nine races and the national title. In 1993 and 1994 he earned 6th and 5th place in the AMA Championship on a Yamaha. Yamaha offered a factory position in the Superbike World Championship.He missed the last two meetings after teammate Yasutomo Nagai died in a crash at Assen, as he struggled to adjust to the demands of competing in a global competition. He was sixth in the world championship. He was forced to withdraw from the World Championship due to injuries he sustained in the fifth round. He couldn't negotiate a position in the 500cc Grand Prix because he was replaced in the Yamaha World Superbike Team. <mask> was able to conclude a deal with Honda to ride the RC45 motorcycle in the Superbike World Championship. His 3rd win of the season at Brands Hatch was his 3rd win of the season, and he earned his first solo international victories with a double win at Monza. Honda had a rare Double-1-2) and ended the season in second overall position, behind champion Carl Fogarty.After Yamaha rider and points leader, Noriyuki Haga was disqualified for testing positive for a banned substance,<mask> rode the new Honda VTR-1000SP1/ RC51 twin cylinder motorcycle to overall victory in the Superbike World Championship. In the final race of the season in Imola, Troy Bayliss lost the title toEdwards, but he regained it in a dramatic fashion. The previous record for points in a single season was set in 1999 by Carl Fogarty, who had                                       Troy Bayliss broke the previous record with 541 points. After winning the 2nd Superbike World Championship, he moved to the MotoGP World Championship. He rode for the troubled Aprilia team and avoided serious injury when his machine caught fire due to an incorrect fuel cap. As a great bike tester, <mask> tried to help lift the struggling team.He achieved his first MotoGP podium position at Donington in 2004. The season ended in fifth place for <mask>. In 2005, he joined the Gauloises Yamaha factory team as a teammate to the world champion. His best result in 2005 was a second place at Laguna Seca. He finished the season in the top four. <mask> was riding for the Camel Yamaha factory team on board the YZR-M1 with teammate and good friend Valentino Rossi. The Yamaha team was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217The YZR-M1 had some problems and the factory team built a new one. The home race of Mugello was won by Rossi for the fifth consecutive time. Early in the season, he didn't have time to "gel" with the new car, so he stuck with the older one for the Mugello race. He was 12th. At Assen, he took the lead at the start and led until he was 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 He was able to pass his countryman on the last lap. When Hayden tried to pass him in the final chicane,<mask> ran across the AstroTurf and lost control of his bike, which briefly stopped without him.He finished 13th. While running across the gravel on the final chicane, he was able to keep control of his bike and win the race. At the Red Bull U.S. Grand Prix, he had tire problems and finished ninth. He finished fourth in one of his most competitive showings of the season at Estoril. Early on in 2007, there were great prospects. <mask> rode the new Yamaha YZR-M1 800cc in his second year with the Yamaha factory team. He was taken out after a crash on the first lap in Istanbul.<mask> was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 He was forced to pit again and finish at the back of the field after he did this too early. The Yamaha team struggled to find a competitive set up for the entire season due to problems with the M1 and the tires. The best result of the season was 2nd at the British Grand Prix, equaling his career best. The satellite Tech3 Yamaha team, with James Toseland on board, competed in the 2008 season. After nine rounds, he was 5th in the overall rankings and never qualified lower than 6th on the grid and finished on the podium twice. He was in last place at the end of the first lap at Assen, but fought his way back into the race and snatched 3.<mask> was involved in a crash in Germany. His best result since the podium at Assen was a sixth place at the final round of the season at Valencia, as he failed to break the top ten in the next four races. He signed for Tech3 for another season. As soon as I began working with the Tech3 team, I formed a great relationship with my guys, even though I had agreed with Yamaha to finish my racing career in America at the end of 2008. He will once again be riding for Tech3 Yamaha in 2009, as he searches for his first MotoGP victory. He was the strongest satellite rider in the championship in 2009, thanks to his consistent form. He finished second in the British Grand Prix.After being caught in a crash at the San Marino Grand Prix,<mask> directed typically outspoken criticism towards Alex de Angelis, claiming: "We are in Italy and occasionally you have to deal with an Italian rider who wants to be a hero and today that was De Angelis." The guy who needed to be wearing a special edition helmet was named De Angelis. On October 1, 2009, he announced that he had signed a one-year contract extension to ride for Tech3 Yamaha. Ben Spies is an American. On September 19, 2010,<mask> signed a one-year contract extension to ride for Tech3 Yamaha. During the second practice of the Catalan Grand Prix,<mask> broke his collarbone and had a plate added. Nine days later, and in his first race since injury, he took a third-place finish at the British Grand Prix, having been promoted to a podium placing after accidents for Lorenzo and Simoncelli.He finished third at the British Grand Prix at Donington Park in 2009. Marco Simoncelli was killed at the Malaysian Grand Prix when he was involved in an accident that also injured his left shoulder and ended his season. Josh was replaced for Valencia. On September 3, 2011,<mask> announced that he would leave the Tech3 team to ride as the single entry for NGM Mobile Forward Racing. The team was returning to the premier class under the new regulations with a BMW engine. The rookies were partners on FTR-Kawasaki machinery. For the second year in a row, Edward remained with Forward Racing, this time partnering Espargar on Yamaha-based machines.At a press conference prior to the Motorcycle Grand Prix of the Americas,<mask> announced that the upcoming season will be his last in the premier class due to the difficulty in adapting to a different riding style. He would not compete in the second half of the season and was replaced by Alex de Angelis. He will be a test rider for Yamaha and Michelin for the next two years. His first international victory came in the Suzuka 8 Hours endurance race in 1996, when he rode a Yamaha with Noriyuki Haga. In 2001 and 2002 he won the 8 Hours with Honda and Yamaha, respectively. In 2000 and 2002, the US team won the Race of Champs Nation's Cup, the second time the US team has done so. A national team includes an automobile racer, a rally/off-road driver and a motorcycle racer.Four-time NASCAR champion Jeff Gordon was in the automobile category on the 2002 US team. In 2016 after his racing career was over,<mask> joined British MotoGP broadcasterBT Sport as a pundit in their pre- and post-race programming. Texas Tornado Boot Camp is a world class motorcycle training facility built on a plot of land near Lake Conroe. It is a premier training facility for those new to riding, motorcycle enthusiasts, as well as professionals looking to polish up on their skills. 1&2 day camps, private camps, Dirt Wars, racers camps, and The <mask> Edwards 4 day Experience are just a few of the moto training and events offered by TTBC. The <mask> Edwards Experience is a four-day camp that includes time on the 500 yard gun range. Training facilities include a dirt track with lights for night riding, an open track, a 500-yard gun range, and a bunk house and classroom facility.The facilities as of August 1, 2010 include the World Championship, Grand Prix motorcycle racing, and class races.

masks:
Colin Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Colin
Edwards
Colin
Colin
Colin
Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Edwards
Colin
Colin


texts: The first British climber to reach the summit of the second highest mountain in the world, K2, died on the descent. Education <mask> began climbing at the age of 15 and climbed many of the most difficult routes in North Wales. He attended Birkenhead School from 1963 to 1970. He was distracted from his studies by climbing and partying. He was a heavy drinker and liked to live on the edge. Despite showing promise in the subject, he only gained an ordinary pass degree in mathematics. He was often away on climbing expeditions when he was in Cambridge.One of the best rock climbers of his generation was Mountaineering <mask>. He was an exceptional talent due to his ascents of 'The Beatnik' and 'The Boldest'. He was a member of a group of people who were competitive. The ascent of Positron in 1971 was thought to have raised the standards at Gogarth sea cliffs. His soloing was not limited to Wales. An attempt on the American Route on the South Face failed when a small piton was used for aid. Although he fell only 5 metres, <mask> broke his ankle and was forced to make 17 abseilings down the entire route for much of the time using only his knees.He became a professional mountaineer, lecturing, guiding, writing and acting as an adviser to the outdoor equipment trade. He was close to the rocks of the Peak District. As a highly experienced climber, he climbed in places as far away as Scotland, North Wales, and the Alps. He was elected vice-president of the British Mountaineering Council. Some of the high mountains of China were reopened to foreign mountaineers in 1980. In the winter of 1980– 81, a British expedition attempted to reach the west ridge of Mount Everest without using oxygen. In the summer of 1981 he climbed Kongur Tagh with Bonington, Joe Tasker and Peter Boardman.K2 is the second highest mountain on the planet and has a higher death rate than Everest. <mask> made his first attempt on K2 in 1983, by a new route up the south ridge. The leader of a British expedition in 1986 obtained a permit to climb the North-West Ridge instead of the Abruzzi Spur. After they had made several unsuccessful attempts to establish camps on their chosen route, the British team members left. While the British expedition tried the North-West Ridge, other expeditions tried different routes with and without oxygen. <mask> and six climbers from other expeditions decided to try the conventional route without a permit after his fellow team members left the mountain. There were four Austrian men, Alfred Imitzer, Willi Bauer, and Kurt Diemberger, as well as a Polish woman and a British woman.Camp IV is the final staging post before the summit. The team decided to wait a day before attempting the final stage to the summit. None of the climbers on the Abruzzi Spur chose to follow the team of three Korean climbers who had set out on an oxygen aided attempt on 3 August, even though the trail would have been broken through the deep snow for those climbing without oxygen. On the day after, it was obvious that the weather was getting worse, but <mask> and Wolf still set out for the summit. Wolf was tired and dropped back. The two Austrian climbers, Willi Bauer and Alfred Imitzer, caught up with him after he broke the trail alone. The three reached the summit together on 4 August 1986 after <mask> fell in behind the Austrians.Wolf was persuaded to descend after they found her asleep in the snow. They met Kurt Diemberger and Julie Tullis, who were still on their way up, and tried to convince them to descend. At dusk, Diemberger and Tullis also summitted. On the way down, Tullis fell. Both Diemberger and Tullis spent the night in the open even though she survived. After a while, all the climbers reached Camp IV. The seven were waiting for the storm to abate.The storm worsened with snow, winds over 160 km/h, and sub-zero temperatures. The situation became life-threatening when there was no food or gas to cook with. A common consequence of lack of oxygen and low air pressure at extreme altitudes is the death of Tullis. Six climbers stayed for three days, but were barely conscious. The snow stopped on 10 August, but the temperature dropped and the wind kept blowing. The climbers, who were severely weakened, decided to descend to a lower base camp. The other climbers left him so as to save his own life when he was in agony.Only Diemberger and Bauer reached Base Camp after reaching Camp IV on 4 and 5 August. It is thought that <mask> died on 10 August 1986. His girlfriend, Deborah Sweeney, gave birth to their daughter, Holly, three weeks later. The library of the British Mountaineering Council is named after <mask>. There is a memorial garden and plaque at the Breck. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography has links to the K2 tragedy.

masks:
Rouse
Rouse
Rouse
Rouse
Rouse
Rouse
Rouse
Rouse
Alan Rouse


texts: The last hereditary chief of the Oneida Nation, known as Big Medicine, fought to preserve his people's lands and rights under various treaties with the United States government. He was a priest of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America and ministered to his people until his death. When faced with pressure from white settlers who often mistook them for members of hostile tribes, the Oneida began negotiating with the Ho-Chunk and Menominee tribes and moved to the Confederacy. The Episcopal and Methodist Churches sent missionaries to New York and Wisconsin. In the 19th century, tribal members built a log church near the Fox River and an important portage on their new lands about 10 miles southwest of Green Bay, Wisconsin. <mask> was born on tribal lands in Wisconsin and baptised by a missionary bishop. The Rev. was an Episcopal missionary in 1843.The ten-year-old and two other boys were escorted by James Lloyd Breck to the Nashotah House to learn English and be educated for five years. <mask> became a chief of his Bear Clan when he was a teenager. He was given responsibility for distributing the annuity money when he was 18. The number of tribal members in Wisconsin doubled in the five decades of his leadership, and he was responsible for taking the census. <mask> would go to Albany, New York and Washington, D.C. to advocate for his people. White settlers were moving into Wisconsin, and coveted tribal lands, which were held in common under an 1838 treaty negotiated by Chief Daniel Bread, who by his death in 1873 thought such private allocation inevitable. The next year, <mask> drafted a petition to New York's legislature in Albany concerning interference with fishing rights under previous treaties, which was causing hardship to tribal members remaining in New York.<mask> and the missionary were forbidden to sell shingles and other lumber products to support themselves during a crop failure by an Indian agent assigned to help the tribe. Edward A. Goodnough thought he could get the tribe to sell lands to whites by getting the agent's dismissal. <mask> helped tribal members secure machinery and learn new farming techniques. After 1900, women learned to make lace to support themselves in the modernized world, as well as making baskets and beadwork for sale. The federal government allocated the tribe's Wisconsin land to individuals beginning in 1892, who were to be allowed to transfer that property after 25 years. In New York State, unscrupulous persons tried to trick tribal members out of their allocations. <mask> fought dismemberment of tribal property as well as government attempts to move his people further west.<mask> and the Rev. were involved in negotiations with the federal government in 1893. The Sisters of the Holy Nativity sent nuns to work as nurses and teachers at the reservation after Solomon S. Burleson secured a hospital and boarding school. The Rev. served as an organist and interpreter for years. Goodnough and his successors, as well as his tribe's sachem and delegate to church council, <mask> thought ordination would bring additional authority among whites as well as help him become a bridge between the cultures. In order to dress stone for a new church building, church members would volunteer at a limestone quarry one day a week. The Church of the Holy Apostles is a gothic stone chapel that was built in 1886 to replace an old wood chapel. <mask> was ordination as a deacon by Bishop Charles C. Grafton on June 27, 1895.However, the event was sad as <mask>'s infant son had died in an epidemic and was scheduled for burial that very afternoon. The Rev. is his ally. Burleson's popular youngest son, who had become a priest, was transferred to Texas the following year, months before the formal consecration of the new church. On June 24, 1903, <mask> was dained as a priest by Bishop Grafton, and he repeated his vows in his native language after the 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 There was a Methodist mission and a Catholic chapel on the Wisconsin reservation. <mask>'s wife, who had 8 children, had not learned English at the time of his ordination. The children went to the Indian School after they finished school.<mask> died on January 25, 1907, after falling ill before Christmas. After three requiems and funeral at the Church of the Holy Apostles attended by 800 persons, he was buried in the graveyard with other tribal members and the missionaries he assisted. The Gothic stone church was rebuilt after it was destroyed by fire from a lightning strike. Even though only a few hundred acres of the reservation were owned by tribal members by 1920, the Oneida continued to revere <mask>'s wisdom and sanctity, telling tales of their leader to Works Progress Administration historians during the Great Depression. The anniversary of <mask>'s first ordination is celebrated by the Episcopal Church. The Nashotah House alumni are American Episcopal priests and 19th-century Christian saints.

masks: Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill Hill