texts: The général of the French Army was <mask>, who served in the French Foreign Legion during World War II. The military career of <mask> began when he was captured in the resistance. He disembarked in Spain where he was held. He was liberated at Setubal in Portugal on August 21st. He registered an engagement for the duration of the war by joining the 501e RCC. His services were retroactive to December 4, 1942. He joined the school of Cherchell after passing the instruction depot of Dellys.He was promoted to the rank of aspirant on April 1, 1944. He was wounded by a mine during the offensive of the Ist Army in September and was part of the disembarking at Saint-Raphal. He was cited with his first croix de guerre 1939–1945 after being evacuated on November 28, 1944. The Médaille militaire was awarded to him at the head of his section in Germany. He was assigned to the 11th company on February 8, 1945. He distinguished leadership on 20 March 1945, at the crossroad south of Buchelberg, on 4 April, at the bridge of Enns, and on 25 April, at Hattingen. He was sent to the cole militaire interarmes after the war to check his connaissances of an officer.The RMLE was dissolved. <mask> joined the 3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment 3e on December 20, 1945. He was designated as sous-lieutenant by a February 1946 decree. He was promoted to lieutenant on February 1, 1946. He joined the 11th company of the 3e REI on the 11th of June 1946. On January 22, 1947, he was wounded by a machine gun. He was assigned to the company on October 23, 1947.He received a new citation from the armed forces and the knight croix of the Légion d'honneur. The last one was matched with the croix de guerre des TOE, for his personal action in Cai Lay in Cochinchine. On 1 April 1948, he assumed the command of a platoon section under the order of lieutenant Jacques Morin. He was awarded a citation at the orders of the division during a combat exchange battle at the fortified village of Tho Truong. He was hospitalized and benefited of a break after disembarking from sanitary. He was assigned to a company in Versailles. He was promoted to captain on January 2, 1952.He was given the command of the 2nd company of the 1st battalion on the 20. He commanded the platoons of the 1e at Said REIa. He was editor-in-chief of Képi Blanc until July 1955, when he joined the moral service of the legion. He was assigned to the commandant of the 5th company of the 2nd battalion of the 4th Foreign Infantry Regiment 4e REI at Fes in Morocco. On November 16, 1956, the 5e du 2/4e REI became the 6e CP du 4e REI. At the corps of this unit, he was involved in maintaining order in the Rif. The croix de la Valeur militaire was cited at the orders of the division.He was assigned to the depot of the legion after joining metropole. He was awarded a citation at the orders of the armed corps for being Detached the provisionary commando group, in qualities of an instructor in garrison at El Hadjeb from 16 February to 4 July 1956. Another citation was given by the armed corps. He was assigned to the Legion depot in August of 1957. He was promoted to officer in December of 1958. He joined the ESMIA de Cotquidan groupment. On 1 October 1959 he was promoted.The promotion of the école supérieure de guerre was integrated in 1960. He was assigned to the operation means bureau on July 1, 1962. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel on 1 October 1964. He became the commander of the 2e REP on June 1, 1965, after being designated during his command time. On June 15, 1967, the REP was returned to Corsica. The finalization of his command tenure made him a member of the EMA. He was promoted to the rank of colonel on 1 October.He was placed in subsistence at the 420th command and service battalion on August 1, 1972 after being designated to serve at the 1st Parachute brigade 1re BP. He was promoted to brigadier general in January. He occupied the vice-presidency of the permanent council under the orders of the Prime Minister of France. He was division commander of the 11th Parachute Division 11eDP on November 29, 1975. In December 1976, he was promoted to division general. He became director of the enseignement militaire supérieur of the French Army in October after being promoted to the rank and designation of a général de corps d'armée. On 17 September 1981 he was nominated as a grand officier.The reglementary age limit of his rank prevented him from entering the section of officer generals. The Grand Officier of the Légion d'Honneur commanded the Commandeur of the Légion d'Honneur.

masks:
Paul Marie Félix Jacques René de Foard
Paul de Foard
Paul


type: paraphrased

texts: <mask> was an English criminal who helped plan and carry out the Great Train robbery in 1963. He was notorious for escaping from prison in 1965, living as a fugitive for 36 years, and for his various publicity stunts while in exile. After returning to the United Kingdom in 2001, he spent several years in prison where his health rapidly declined. He died in a nursing home after being released from prison on compassionate grounds. He was born in Stockwell, London, on August 8, 1929. During the Second World War, he was evacuated to Flitwick and Delabole. In 1947, at the age of 18, he enlisted in the Royal Air Force.He was discharged for desertion after breaking into a chemist shop. He was sentenced to prison after being convicted of stealing a car. He took part in a failed robbery attempt at a bookmaker's office. He met Bruce Reynolds while in prison. After he was released from prison, he tried to get a job as a carpenter. He married Charmian Powell, the daughter of a primary school headmaster, in February 1960. They had three boys.In 1963, a train driver who was about to retire was robbed by a man who needed money to buy a house for his family. "Old Pete" or "Pop" have been identified as the driver's ages. The train driver's real name is not known. The train driver introduced Reynolds to the train robbery plot. The Royal Mail train had been waylaid and was moved by Agate. On the night of the hold up, he told his wife that he was off logging with Reynolds. In the early hours of August 8, 1963, the mail train was stopped by the gang.The main line diesel-electric locomotive could not be operated by Agate because he only drove locomotives on the Southern Region. Jack Mills, the driver of the intercept train, was coshed with an iron bar and forced to move the engine and mail carriages to a bridge over a roadway which had been chosen as the unloading point. When it became clear that the two were useless in moving the train, they were sent to a waiting vehicle. After unloading 120 mailbags from the train within Reynolds' allotted timetable, and returning to their hideout at Leatherslade Farm, various sources show that the robbery yielded the participants over two million dollars. With their timetable brought forward due to the police investigation closing in, <mask> returned home on the following Friday with two canvas bags. The fingerprints of the man who tried to burn down Leatherslade Farm were found on a bottle of Ketchup. He and 11 other members of the gang were arrested in South London three weeks later.Nine of the 15-strong gang were jailed for the crime in 1964. Most received sentences of 30 years or more. After serving 15 months for escaping from Wandsworth Prison in 1965, he scaled the wall with a rope ladder and dropped onto a waiting removal van. He fled to Paris by boat and sent a note to his wife to 888-269-5556 888-269-5556 888-269-5556 888-269-5556 888-269-5556 888-269-5556 888-269-5556. During his time in prison, Charmian started an extramarital relationship and was pregnant by the time of his escape to the Continent. She had an illegal abortion in London in order to support her husband. In 1966 he fled to Australia and lived in the seaside suburb of Glenelg in South Australia.By the time the family arrived in 1966, they had spent all but a small amount of the train robbery proceeds on plastic surgery. After their third child was born, an anonymous letter from Britain told <mask> that he should move because he was suspected of being in Australia. Charmian and their three sons lived in Doncaster East while his family rented a house in the suburb of Blackburn North. Before working at the GTV Channel 9 Television City studios, he had a number of jobs in Melbourne. In 1969 a newspaper report claimed that police were closing in on the man who was living in Australia. The evening news bulletin at Channel 9 led to the escape of <mask> from his home in the outer eastern suburbs. His wife and sons remained in Australia after he fled on a passenger liner using an altered passport.Within two weeks, the ship arrived in Panama and then flew to Brazil. Charmian agreed to a divorce in 1974 after learning that <mask> was the father of a child in Brazil. Allowed by authorities to remain in Australia, she reverted to her maiden name of Brent and sold her story for £40,000 to an Australian media group to purchase the house that the family had lived in at the time of <mask>'s flight to Brazil. Charmian later became an editor, publisher and journalist. Her sons live in anonymity. Charmian was a consultant on the five-part ITV Studios docu-drama Mrs Biggs, which recounts the couple's time from first meeting to their flight to Brazil. In 1970, Brazil did not have a treaty with the United Kingdom.Nicholas died in a car crash in 1971 at the age of 10. A team consisting of Colin MacKenzie, Bill Lovelace, and Michael O'Flaherty broke the story after they received information that <mask> was in Rio de Janeiro. <mask> could not be extradited because his girlfriend, a nightclub dancer, was pregnant. The parent of a Brazilian child was not allowed to be extradited. Mailbag Blues, a musical narrative of his life that he intended to use as a movie soundtrack, was recorded in Rio in 1974. The album was undiscovered until it was released in 2004. He was not arrested after attending an informal drinks party on the Royal Navy frigate in Rio for a courtesy visit.Since he was a known criminal in Brazil, he couldn't work, go to bars or be away from home after 10:00 pm. After hearing that he was in Rio, <mask> invited Stanley Matthews to his apartment, which was 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 One of the first things he asked when we had tea on the balcony was, "How are Charlton Athletic doing?" He supported me because I was a small boy and he had seen me play at The Valley. Around this time, mugs, coffee cups, and T-shirts with the name "<mask>" on them also appeared throughout Rio. The Great Rock 'n' Roll Swindle is a film about the Sex Pistols. "No One is Innocent" has basic tracks."The Biggest Blow (A Punk Prayer)" and "Cosh The Driver" were recorded with guitarist Steve Jones and drummer Paul Cook at a studio in Brazil shortly after the Sex Pistols' final performance, with overdubs added in an English studio. "No One is Innocent" was released as a single in the UK on 30 June 1978 and reached number 7 in the UK Singles Chart. The actor in the sleeve was dressed as a Nazi leader. <mask> was kidnapped by a group of British ex-soldiers. The boat they took him on had mechanical problems and they had to rescue him and his abductors from the water. The kidnappers wanted to collect a reward from the British police, but they were found to have no valid treaty with the United Kingdom and were sent back to Brazil. In February 2006 Channel 4 aired a documentary featuring dramatisations of the attempted kidnapping and interviews with John Miller, the ex-British Army soldier who carried it out.Patrick King is a security consultant. King claimed in the documentary that the kidnapping may have been a deniable operation. In order to get an exclusive interview and a kiss on the tarmac, the reporter paid to accompany <mask> on the private plane and convince him to kiss the tarmac. Prisoner of Rio was a film about a kidnapping attempt. In the film, the character was played by Paul Freeman. The Brazilian children's programme and music band Balo Mgico brought financial security to Michael's father when he was seven years old. The songs "Carnival in Rio" and "Police on My Back" were written by German punk band Die Toten Hosen.There were three tracks on the album Bajo Otra Bandera. The UK and Brazil agreed to extradite each other in 1997. The UK Government made a formal request to the Brazilian government. He stated that he would no longer object to being extradited. The English lawyer went to Brazil to help out. The Brazilian Supreme Court gave <mask> the right to live in Brazil for the rest of his life after rejecting the request to extradite him. In 2001 he told The Sun newspaper that he would return to the UK.When he arrived in Britain, he knew that he would be imprisoned for 28 years. His trip back to Britain on a private jet was paid for by The Sun newspaper in exchange for exclusive rights to the news story. On 7 May 2001, he arrived and was immediately arrested and imprisoned. His son Michael said in a press release that his father did not return to the UK to receive health care which was not available in Brazil, but to walk into a hospital, and that he had friends who would have contributed to the expenses. John Mills resents those who have made money from his father's death. The man should serve his punishment. Mills did not recover fully from his injuries.He died of a disease in 1970. On November 14, 2001, <mask> petitioned the Governor of HMP Belmarsh for early release on compassionate grounds due to his poor health. He was treated at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital four times in six months. He asked to be let go into the care of his son because of his declining health. The application was denied. On August 10, 2005, it was reported that <mask> had contracted MRSA. His representatives said that his death was likely to be imminent.The Home Secretary declined his appeal because his illness was not terminal. The Home Office has a policy of releasing prisoners with three months left to live. Michael claimed that his father needed a tube for feeding and that he was difficult to speak to. On compassionate grounds, <mask> was moved from Belmarsh Prison to Norfolk Prison on July 4, 2007. "I am an old man, and often wonder if I truly deserve the extent of my punishment," he said. I want to die with my family and not in jail. I hope he succeeds.Straw allows me to do that. I want to die a free man because I have been in jail for a long time. I apologize for what happened. Over the years, it has not been easy. I was a prisoner of my own will in Brazil. Being known as a Great Train Robber is not an honor. My life has been wasted.A series of strokes rendered him unable to speak or walk. The Parole Board might bring the release date forward in July according to Michael. On 13 February of that year, it was reported that he had been taken to the hospital with pneumonia. His son Michael said that he had serious pneumonia but was stable. Michael called for his father's release on compassionate grounds after learning of his condition. The Parole Board recommended that he be released on July 4, 2009, after serving a third of his 30-year sentence. Straw did not accept the Parole Board's recommendation and refused parole, stating that he was 'wholly unrepentant'.On 28 July, he was readmitted to the hospital with pneumonia. He was admitted to the hospital a month earlier with a chest infection and a fractured hip, but returned to prison on 17 July. Michael said in one of his news releases that it was the worst he had ever been. I was told by the doctors to rush there. It was claimed that he had been given permission to challenge the decision to refuse him parole. The public protection casework section in the National Offender Management Service received an application for the early release of a prisoner on compassionate grounds, according to the Home Office. Two days before his 80th birthday, he was released from custody on compassionate grounds.Following his release from prison, there were suggestions that he might be moved to a nursing home. "This man is going to die, there is going to be no Lazarus coming back from the dead, he is ill, he is seriously ill," said his lawyer. I might surprise them all by lasting until Christmas. On May 29, 2010, he was admitted to the hospital in London after complaining of chest pain. He had tests at the hospital. Michael stated that his father was conscious but in a lot of pain. It was claimed by the Sunday Mirror that in August of 2010 he would be receiving a lifetime achievement award for his services to crime.On February 10, 2011, he was admitted to the hospital with a suspected stroke. Michael said his father was conscious and was about to have a series of tests to find out what had happened. On 17 November, 2011, the new and updated autobiography, "<mask>gs: Odd Man Out - The Last Straw" was launched. He used a word board to communicate with the press. The life of Charmian, played by Daniel Mays, will be the subject of a five-part ITV Studios drama. Charmian <mask> traveled to Britain from Australia in February 2012 to visit his friend, Mr. <mask>, who was a consultant on the series. The funeral of Bruce Reynolds took place in March of 2013).The Great Train robbery 50th anniversary was published in July of 2013). He died at the Carlton Court Care Home in north London at the age of 84. His death occurred hours before the first broadcast of a two-part BBC television series, The Great Train Robber, in which Jack Gordon played him. The cremation took place at Golders Green Crematorium on January 3, 2014). The flag of Brazil and the Union flag were on top of the coffin. The British Hells Angels honor guard escorted the hearse to the crematorium. The Reverend Dave Tomlinson used the Bible verse "Judge not, that ye be not judged" when he responded to critics after he drew public criticism.Ronald Arthur (<mask><mask>, the Great Train Robber, died on December 18th at the age of 84. British expatriates in Australia and Brazil have been convicted of theft.

masks:
Ronald Arthur Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Ronnie Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Biggs
Ronnie Big
Biggs
Biggs
Ronnie
) Biggs


texts: During the reign of Emperor Dezong, a Chinese politician was serving as a chancellor. The reign of Emperor Xuanzong ended in 727. His family traced its ancestry back to a Jin Dynasty official. After he was removed from his position as chancellor, his father continued to serve in prominent positions. When <mask>u was two years old, his father died. The mayor of the region of the Tang capital Chang'an, Han Chaozong, had previously been recommended by the emperor. He was given a new name, "Yanshang," meaning "extended favor."It was said that he was well-versed in the Confucian classics and that he was also known for his administrative talent. The official Miao Jinqing was impressed with his talent and gave him a daughter in marriage. During the Anshi Rebellion, the son and successor of Emperor Xuanzong, Emperor Suzong, made an imperial censor,<mask>. When Wang was made the military governor of Hedong Circuit, he requested to have <mask> serve as his assistant. He was recalled to Chang'an to work as a low-level official at the ministry of justice. During Emperor Daizong's reign, the chancellor became a dominant figure in the court. The son-in-law of Miao Jinqing was treated with kindness by Yuan.In 763, when Emperor Daizong was forced to flee, he made <mask> an imperial attendant. He became deputy chief imperial censor and a mid-level official at the legislative bureau of government. He was made the mayor of the region of the eastern capital. Much of the city was in ruins during the Anshi Rebellion. It was said that he ruled simply because of his hard work and dedication. The palaces and imperial temples were rebuilt after he reopened the canals. After several years, refugees came back.Emperor Daizong praised him. When the office of deputy supreme commander was abolished, the troops attached to it were no longer there. The chief imperial censor was recalled to Chang'an. There was an occasion when the junior official Li Shaoliang submitted a number of accusations against Yuan, and his associates, in turn, accused Li of false accusations and had him arrested and held at the office of the imperial censors. After he disapproved of the action and didn't want to be involved, he was sent to serve as the military governor and the prefect of the capital's prefecture. There was a large number of people trying to leave for other regions due to the lack of water in the circuit. In their absence, the people were allowed to leave and kept their houses maintained, and they were not taxed.Many returned after that. He left government service to be with his mother after she died. After the mourning period was over, he was recalled to serve as the military governor of Jingnan Circuit, as well as the mayor of Jiangling Municipality. Emperor Daizong died in 779 and was succeeded by his son Emperor Dezong. The emperor made the military governor of the circuit and the mayor of the capital of the circuit. The imperial forces commanded by Li Sheng and Qu Huan were able to repel the attacks of the Tufan and Nanzhao forces. There was a serious dispute at the end of the campaign between Li Sheng and <mask>.messengers were sent to chase after Li Sheng's army in order to cause a conflict between Li Sheng and <mask>. He had been posted in the mountains in the west of Chengdu to defend against Tufan. <mask>hangYanshang to flee to Han Prefecture. After Chigan <mask> <mask> was able to return to Chengdu. The people of the circuit were said to have been allowed to recover from the wars that had ravaged the circuit by following the law. The emperor was forced to flee Chang'an when he was faced with a rebellion by the general. After the fall of Li Sheng, he was able to return to Chang'an after he was defeated by the general.In 785, when the chancellor Liu Congyi was seriously ill and would die later in the year, Emperor Dezong recalled <mask> to Chang'an, intending to make him an actual chancellor. One of the heads of the executive bureau, <mask> Pushe, was the one who submitted the petition accusing <mask> of a number of crimes. The son-in-law of Li's son-in-law was displeased that Li had held a grander ceremony and given more dowry when marrying another daughter to Cui Shu. The emperor was suspicious of Li due to his longstanding hold on the army's loyalty, as well as rumors that Li was planning treason. When he was Chang'an, Li offered to resign his post as military governor of the Fengxiang Circuit in the winter of 782. The emperor requested the intervention of the chancellor, who was friendly with LI. Han and the generalLiu <mask> and Li in order to end their enmity.Both agreed, and Li endorsed him as chancellor. The emperor made <mask> a chancellor in the spring of 787. When Li asked for a daughter to be given to one of his sons in marriage,<mask> refused, causing Li to comment that he had already offended Emperor. Qi was demoted to be a prefectural prefect. The general Ma Sui, who had a vendetta against Li, advocated for peace for Tufan, which Li had opposed. The emperor used Li's opposition against the Tufan alliance to remove him from his post. The Emperor allowed Li to recommend his officer.All of Li's military duties were relieved when he was recalled to Chang'an to serve as Zhongshu Ling and Taiwei. Despite the suspicions that he was under, Li spoke honestly whenever he had opinions about the state. In light of <mask>'s involvement in Li's command being lifted, he wanted Li to be the new commander of defense forces on the borders. When he made major cuts into the ranks of prefectural and county officials, he drew resentment from other officials because he wanted to use the savings in reduced salaries for military purposes. The general Hun Jian, as Emperor Dezong's emissary, was going to meet with the chancellor of Tufan, Shang Jiezan, at Pingliangchuan. Hun was told to be careful by Li Sheng, but he was accused of interfering with the peace with Tufan. Hun was told to relax, not to cause Tufan any harm.Hun escaped after a sudden attack by Shang at the meeting site, which killed many of Hun's attendants. Emperor Dezong was so panicked that he considered fleeing Chang'an, but stayed because of Li Sheng's advice. As a result of this debacle, Ma was recalled to the capital and stripped of his command, while <mask> retired and claimed an illness. The reduction in officer ranks was reversed by the advice of another chancellor. <mask>'s rivalry with another official, Li Shuming, which formed when they governed neighboring circuits, led him to carry out some additional actions intended to bring down Li Shuming. At that time, Li Shuming's son Li Shng (, note different tone and character than the great general) was frequently seen visiting Emperor Dezong's aunt Princess Gao, whose daughter was the wife and crown princess of Emperor Dezong's son and crown prince He told the Emperor that Li Shng was having an affair.When Emperor Dezong asked Li Mi to investigate this, Li Mi guessed that it was <mask> who told him about it and that he was trying to endanger Li Song. Li Shng was moved away from Princess Gao to the position of head of Li Song's household. posthumous honors were given to <mask> after he died. He was given a posthumous name, Chengsu. His son was a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xianzong. The lead editor of the New Book of Tang commented on <mask>: Notes and references from the Old Book of Tang. There was a score of 129.The new book is called Tang. 127. There are three vols. 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, 222, Chancellors under Emperor Dezong of Tang Mayors of Chengdu Mayors of the Tang dynasty had a number of deaths and births.

masks:
Zhang Baof
ZhangYhang
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang KuZ
SuZhang
Ku Zhanghang
Zhang
Zhang Zuo
Zhang
XuanzuZhang
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang
Zhang


texts: One of the greatest masters of marine art was <mask>, a Russian Romantic painter who 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 He was born into a family in the Black Sea port of Feodosia and was mostly based there. Aivazovsky lived in Italy in the early 1840s after moving to Europe following his education at the Imperial Academy of Arts. He was appointed the main painter of the Russian Navy after returning to Russia. Aivazovsky had close ties with the military and political elite of the Russian Empire. He was well-regarded and sponsored by the state. The saying "worthy of Aivazovsky's brush" was used in Russia.He is very popular in Russia in the 21st century. One of the most prominent Russian artists of his time, <mask> was also popular outside of Russian Empire. He had solo exhibitions in Europe and the United States. He created around 6,000 paintings, making him one of the most prolific artists of his time. The majority of his works are seascapes, but he often depicted battle scenes. Most of <mask>'s works are in museums and private collections. <mask> was born in the city of Feodosia in the Russian Empire.The son of Gevorg Aivazian was listed in the records of the local church. He studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts and was known in Russian as <mask>. He was known as <mask> in Italy. He signed a letter with his name written on it. His father was a merchant from the Polish region of Galicia. His family migrated to Europe in the 18th century. After a number of family conflicts, Konstantin moved to Feodosia in the early 1800s.He changed his name to Gaivazovsky when he added the Polish "-sky". Ripsime was Aivazovsky's mother. The couple had five children. Gabriel was the elder brother of Aivazovsky. The young Aivazovsky attended parochial school. Jacob Koch taught him drawing. In 1830, Aivazovsky moved to Simferopol with the governor's family and attended the city's Russian gymnasium.In the late 18th century, <mask> arrived in the Russian capital, Saint Petersburg, to study at the Imperial Academy of Arts. He was an assistant to the French painter and was awarded a silver medal. Alexander Pushkin visited the Academy in September 1836 and met <mask>. <mask> joined the battle-painting class of Alexander Sauerweid and participated in Baltic Fleet exercises. He received a gold medal two years early from the Imperial Academy of Arts. <mask> spent two years in his native Crimea after returning to Feodosia. He met Russian admirals during military exercises in the shores of Crimea in the 19th century.In 1840, <mask> was sent to study in Europe by the Imperial Academy of Arts. He first traveled to Venice via Berlin and Vienna and then to San Lazzaro degli Armeni, where his brother lived at the time. <mask> became familiar with the art of Armenia. He met a Russian novelist. He went to Florence, Amalfi and Sorrento. He met a painter in Florence. Between 1840 and 1842, he was in Naples and Rome.Italian art influenced <mask> so much that his museums became the "second academy" for him. The news of successful exhibitions in Italy reached Russia. He received a golden medal from the Pope. He went to Switzerland, Germany, the Netherlands and Britain. He was the only representative from Russia in the international exhibition at the Louvre. He received a gold medal in France. He traveled to Britain, Portugal, Spain, and Malta again in 1843.<mask> was seen all over Europe. He went back to Russia via Paris and Amsterdam. After returning to Russia, <mask> was made an academician of the Imperial Academy of Arts and was appointed the official artist of the Russian Navy to paint coastal scenes and naval battles. The Ottoman capital, Constantinople, and the Greek islands of Patmos and Rhodes were visited by <mask> in 1845. In 1845, <mask> built a house and studio in his hometown of Feodosia. He kept a small circle of friends and relatives. His art career was negatively impacted by the solitude.By the mid-nineteenth century, Russian art was moving away from Romanticism towards a distinct Russian style of Realism, while <mask> continued to paint Romantic seascapes. The maneuvers of the Black Sea Fleet and the Baltic Fleet were held at Petergof. He was elevated to the rank of nobility in 1847 after being given the title of professor of seascape painting by the Imperial Academy of Arts. He was elected to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in the same year. Julia Graves was an English governess. They had four daughters. They separated in 1860 and divorced in 1877 because Graves was a Lutheran.After traveling with the Russian emperor Nicholas I, <mask> sailed to Sevastopol to participate in military maneuvers. His election as a full member of the Russian Geographical Society was due to his archaeological excavations near Feodosia. The war between Russia and the Ottoman Empire resulted in him being evacuated to Kharkiv. He returned to paint battle scenes when he was safe. During the Ottoman siege, his work was exhibited in Sevastopol. The first non-French artist to receive the Legion of Honour was <mask>, who worked in Paris between 1856 and 1856. The Order of the Medjidie was awarded to <mask> after he visited Constantinople.He was a member of the Moscow Art Society. The Russian Order of St. Vladimir was awarded to him in 1865. In 1865, <mask> opened an art studio in Feodosia and was awarded a salary by the Imperial Academy of Arts. In the 1860s, the artist produced several paintings inspired by Greek nationalism and the unification of Italy. During the Great Cretan Revolution, he produced a series of works about the Greek resistance to the Turks. In 1868, <mask> visited the Russian part of Armenia for the first time. In 1869, he held an exhibition in Tiflis.He went to Egypt later in the year to take part in the opening ceremony of the canal. He became the first artist to paint a canal in the history of Europe, Africa and Asia. An Actual Civil Councilor is the fourth highest civil rank in Russia. The archaeological museum in Feodosia was built in 1871. He traveled to Nice and Florence in 1872 to exhibit his paintings. He was asked for a self-portrait to be hung in the Uffizi Gallery in 1874. The Turkish Order of Osmanieh was bestowed upon <mask> after he was invited to Constantinople.He became the second Russian artist to paint a self-portrait for the Palazzo Pitti when he was made a member of the Academy of Arts in Florence in 1876. <mask> was a member of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. He was in the Netherlands and France from 1879 to 1879. He traveled to Genoa and Venice to find out more about the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. After the Hermitage Museum and the Tretyakov Gallery, the third museum in the Russian Empire was opened by <mask>. Edward VII, Prince of Wales, and English painter John Everett Millais attended an 1884 exhibition at London's Pall Mall. Anna Burnazian was <mask>'s second wife and was 40 years his junior.He said that by marrying her in 1882, he became closer to his nation. <mask> toured the countryside of Russia in 1884 after visiting Moscow and St Petersburg in 1882. He was promoted to the rank of Privy Councilor in 1885. The 50th anniversary of his creative labors was celebrated with an exhibition and membership in the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts. As part of a celebration of his career, <mask> hosted a dinner for 150 friends. Each guest received a miniature painting by <mask> and a studio photograph of the artist at work. After meeting <mask> in person, Chekhov wrote a letter to his wife describing him as follows, "After traveling to Paris with his wife, in 1892 he made a trip to the United States, visiting New York and Washington D.C."<mask> was promoted to the rank of full privy councillor in 1896. Between 1894 and 1896, Hamidian massacres took place in the areas of the Ottoman Empire that were inhabited by Armenia. The Expulsion of the Turkish ship was one of the works he painted. He threw the medals the Ottoman Sultan gave to him into the sea and told the Turkish consul that if he wanted, he could throw them. He created several paintings of the events. There was tragedy in the Sea of Marmara. He lived in Feodosia for many years.A commercial port was established in Feodosia in the 1890s thanks to his efforts. One of the two stations within the city of Feodosia is the railway station that opened in 1892. Feodosia received drinking water from Aivazovsky. The death of Death Aivazovsky took place in 1900. He was buried in the courtyard of the church. L. Biogiolli made a white marble sarcophagus in 1901. "He was born a mortal, left an immortality legacy and left the immortality memory of himself" is the inscription on his tombstone.The Russian inscription reads "Professor <mask> Aivazovsky" Anna lived in several rooms she had retained after nationalization until 1941, after her husband's death. She was buried next to <mask>. After the Revolution of 1917, two of his daughters left Russia, while the other two died. There are masterpieces and there are very timid works, according to one online art magazine. According to one count, as many as 20,000 paintings are attributed to him. Most of <mask>'s works depict the sea.He created a few portraits and rarely drew dry-landscapes. <mask> never painted his pictures from nature, always from memory, and far away from the seaboard. His artistic memory was legendary. He was able to reproduce what he had seen without drawing any sketches. He was praised for his ability to convey the effect of moving water and reflected sun and moon. Over the course of his career, he held 55 solo exhibitions. The most notable were held in Rome, Naples and Venice, Paris, Amsterdam, Moscow, and St. Petersburg.He was involved in the exhibitions of the Imperial Academy of Arts, Paris Salon, Society of Exhibitions of Works of Art, and the Moscow Society of Lovers of the Arts. <mask> used some realistic elements. Even though he oriented his work toward the Realist genre, <mask> remained faithful to Romanticism. His Academy of Arts teachers influenced his early works. Claude Lorrain was one of the classic painters who contributed to <mask>'s individual process and style. The Last Day of Pompeii's Karl Bryullov played an important part in stimulating <mask>'s own creative development. The best paintings by <mask> used a variety of colors and were both epic and romantic in theme.The romantic features in <mask>'s work became "increasingly pronounced" by the mid-19th century according to Newmarch. She argued that the Ninth Wave seemed to mark the transition between fantastic color of his earlier works and the more honest vision of the later years. His paintings were dominated by delicate colors by the 1870s, and he created a series of silver-toned seascapes in the last

masks:
Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky
Aivazovsky
Aivazovsky
Ivan Aivazovsky
Ivan Gaivazovsky
Aivazovsky
Aivazovsky
Aivazovsky
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Ivan Konstantinovich
Aivazovsky
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texts: two decades of his life. The transition from Romanticism to Realism in the mid-nineteenth century left <mask>, who would always retain a Romantic style, open to criticism. The location of Feodosia, a remote town in the Russian empire, was one of the proposed reasons for his inability to change. His mindset was considered old-fashioned and did not correspond to the developments in Russian art and culture. Alexander Benois wrote in The History of Russian Painting in the 19th Century that <mask> stood apart from the general development of the Russian landscape school because he was a student of Vorobiev.Dramatic scenes were usually done on a larger scale in <mask>'s later work. The Bay of Naples in Early Morning, 1897, Disaster, 1898, and Moonlit Night on the Bosphorus, 1894 were depictions of the romantic struggle between man and the elements. The early works of <mask> incorporated themes from Armenia. In 1868, the artist's longstanding wish to visit his homeland was fulfilled. The paintings of Mount Ararat, the Ararat plain, and Lake Sevan were created by <mask> during his visit to Russian (Eastern) Armenia. Nevertheless, Mt. is a mountain. The two-peaked biblical mountain has been depicted in paintings by many non-native artists.The Valley of Mount Ararat was one of the paintings he created in the 1880s. Aivazian's signature is found in the Valley of Mount Ararat. The foreground of the picture shows a group of people welcoming a poet on St Lazarus Island in Venice. His other works from this period include rare portraits of notable people. The two most memorable events of ancient Armenia are the Christianization of Armenia via King Tiridates III in the 4th century and the Battle of Avarayr in the 5th century. An interest in archaeology was taken by <mask> since the 1850s. Farmers were hired to conduct archaeological excavations.Some 22 burial mounds were excavated on Mount Tepe-Oba in the 19th century, which mostly contained broken Amphorae and bones, but also golden necklaces, earrings, a female head, a chain with a sphinx, a sphinx with woman's The site is from the 5th to 3rd centuries BC and was the site of an ancient Greek settlement. The best finds were sent to the Imperial Hermitage. He founded the Museum of Archaeology on Mount Mitridat, which was modeled after an Ancient Greek temple of the Doric order. During World War II, it was destroyed. Many of <mask>'s estates were located in the eastern part of the peninsula, close to Feodosia. He made more money from these estates than from the sale of his paintings.The Emperor gave him his first major estate in the form of a personal noble title in 1848. It initially covered an area of 2,500 diasiatins. The estate had an Eastern-style house, and one of its most prominent visitors, Chekhov, wrote that "It is an extravagant, fairy-tale estate of the kind you must probably find in Persia." The estate grew to include 6,000 diasiatins of land, a dairy farm, and a steam-powered mill by the end of his life. There were 2,500 diasiatins of land in the second major estate. Natural springs were acquired by <mask> from the Lansky family. The latter sold 2,362 diasiatins of land.Feodosia received water from Subash. Vegetables were grown in both estates. There were small estates in Romanovka, with a dacha and 12 diasiatins of vineyard. <mask> had a house and vineyard in Feodosia. He owned houses in other parts of the peninsula. The estates were nationalized in the early Soviet period. Influence <mask> was the most influential painter in the 19th century.According to the Russian Museum, he was the first and only representative of seascape painting, and all other artists who painted seascapes were either his own students or influenced by him. The encyclopedia cites Arkhip Kuindzhi as having been influenced by <mask>. Kuindzhi went to Feodosia at the age of 13 to study with <mask>, but instead studied with Fessler. "Although Kuindzhi cannot be called a student of <mask>, the latter had without doubt some influence on him in the first period of his activity; from whom he borrowed much in the manner of painting." The young Kuindzhi were influenced by the light and form associated with <mask>'s sunsets, storms, and surging oceans. The latter two were his grandsons. One of the few Russian artists to achieve wide recognition during his lifetime is <mask>.One of the greatest marine artists in Russia and the world is considered today to be one of the most prominent marine artists of the 19th century. One of the few Russian artists to become famous outside of Russia was <mask>. According to Munsey's Magazine, <mask> is better known to the world at large than any other artist of his nationality. He is not well known in the west. According to a 2003 book review, <mask> has not been included in the mainstream Western history of art. <mask> was the most popular artist in Russia in July of last year, with 27% of respondents naming him as their favorite. Most respondents said they were familiar with his name and most said they liked his works, including 80% of those 60 or older and 34% of 18 to 24 year olds.He was described as the "best Russian marine painter" in 1890. "Aivazovsky is a star of first magnitude, and not only in our country, but also in history of art in general," said <mask>, one of the most prominent Russian artists of the nineteenth century. "Aivazovsky stands apart from the general history of the Russian school of landscape painting," said Alexandre Benois, a Russian painter. "It is hard to find another figure in the history of Russian art enjoying the same popularity among amateur viewers and professionals alike," says the State Russian Museum website. In the magazine Vremya, Fyodor Dostoyevsky compared <mask>'s work with that of Alexandre Dumas, as neither man ever produces anything ordinary. They don't like ordinary things. Their compositions are fascinating.The books of Dumas were devoured with impatience, while the paintings of Aivazovsky were selling like hot cakes. Both produce works that are similar to fairy tales. His name became a synonym for art and beauty in Russia in the 19th century. The phrase "worthy of Aivazovsky's brush" was the standard way of describing something lovely. Chekhov used it in Uncle Vanya. In response to Marina Timofeevna's query about the fight between <mask> "Uncle Vanya" and Aleksandr Serebryakov, Ilya Telegin said that it was a sight worthy of <mask>'s brush. The street in Moscow was named after Aivazovsky.The first statue of him in Russia was built in 2007. The Simferopol International Airport was voted on by the Russian administration. On June 12th, it was officially renamed after a decree signed by President Putin. In his ancestral homeland of Armenia, <mask> has always been referred to as a painter by the name of Hovhannes. Some Russian and English sources refer to him as "Hovhannes Ayvazovski". Some of his paintings and letters were signed in Armenia. The Valley of Mount Ararat has his signatures in both Russian and Armenian.The "most remarkable" painter of the 19th century was <mask>. Like his peers Gevorg Bashinjaghian, Panos Terleian, and Vardges Sureniants, <mask> lived outside his homeland and drew inspiration from European and Russian schools of art. His creativity and viewpoint have been attributed to his unique ethnic background. According to Sureniants, he wanted to create a union that would have brought together all the artists in the world. The poem "In Front of an Aiazovsky painting" was written in 1893. It is inspired by <mask>'s painting of the sea. It was translated into English in 1917.There are paintings of <mask> in the Presidential Palace. There is a bust of Aivazovsky in Stepanakert. He is sometimes considered a Ukrainian painter. He was included in a book. The alley was named after him in 1939. There are dozens of reproductions of his works displayed at the three-star hotel named for him. There is a statue of <mask> and Gabriel in Simferopol.In June of last year, the Ukrainian president claimed that Aivazovsky is part of Ukrainian heritage. Russian media accused him of appropriation. During the 19th century, <mask>'s paintings were popular in the Ottoman imperial court. According to Hrriyet Daily News, there are 30 paintings of Aivazovsky on display in museums in Turkey. There are 41 paintings of <mask> on display in Turkey, 21 in former palaces of Ottoman sultans, 10 in various marine and military museums, and 10 at the presidential residence. In 2007, when Gl became president of Turkey, he brought paintings by <mask> up from the basement and hung them in his office. The walls of the rooms at the presidential residence are decorated with <mask>'s artwork, according to pictures of official meetings at the new Presidential Complex in Ankara.The Aivazovsky National Art Gallery is located at the house where he founded the art museum in Feodosia. The world's largest collections of Aivazovsky paintings can be found at this location. There is a statue of an artist. Postage stamps depicting <mask> or his works have been issued by a number of countries. The minor planet 3787 Aivazovskij was discovered in 1977. The 200th anniversary of Aivazovsky was celebrated with exhibitions in several countries. An exhibition featuring 120 paintings and 55 etchings of Aivazovsky was held in Moscow for the 200th anniversary of his birth.The exhibition had a record number of visitors in the first two weeks. 38 of the works were moved from the Aivazovsky Art Gallery in Feodosia, which prompted Ukraine to call for an international boycott of the Tretyakov Gallery, which it considers to be an occupied territory. Exhibitions were held at the National Art Museum of Ukraine and the National Gallery of Armenia. The third series of drams were issued. The 20,000 Dram banknote has a portrait of <mask> on the front and a view of his art museum and statue on the back. In the early 2000s, <mask>'s paintings began appearing in auctions. Russian billionaires are buying many of his works.His works have gone up in value. His Cathedral On A Frosty Day, a rare cityscape, sold for over two million dollars in 2004. His painting American Shipping off the Rock of Gibraltar sold for more than four times its top estimate. At the time, it was the highest price paid for <mask>. In April 2012 his 1856 work View of Constantinople and the Bosphorus was sold for a record $5.2 million, a tenfold increase since it was last sold in 1995. A number of paintings, including those of <mask>, were stolen from the country house of a jewelry store owner in Russia. The fake painting was presented to the president of Armenia by the Pyunik foundation.The Russian Interior Ministry claimed that the painting Evening in Cairo was stolen from a private collection in Moscow in 1997. The painting was returned to the seller by the English court. View on Revel was stolen from the Dmitrov Kremlin Museum in 1976, and was found in Zrich, Switzerland. Russian Table of Ranks: 1870 - Actual Civil Councilor 1885 - Privy Councilor 1896 - Actual Privy Councilor There is an album. The Astroprint was published in 2012 The deaths of people from Feodosia are related to the 19th-century painters of the Russian

masks:
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Ivan Kramskoi
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Ivan Voynitsky
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texts: A total of four elected two-year terms were served by "<mask>" <mask>, who was a tribal administrator and Principal Chief of the Choctaw Republic. He is the third of his brothers to be chief. Edmund and <mask> had previously been elected as chief and served three terms. He was a Republican in the late 19th century and he thought the Choctaw needed to negotiate to get their best outcome before they were annexed. <mask> was appointed as chief by the United States government after the dissolution of tribal governments and the annexation of the Choctaw Republic by the United States. He was in office until 1910. Until 1971, he was the last freely-elected Chief of the Choctaws.<mask> was a delegate at the Sequoyah Constitutional Convention. An effort was made by American Indian nations to create an Indian-controlled state in Oklahoma. They didn't get Congressional support for the proposal. European Americans, who had established considerable presence in the Oklahoma Territory, had pushed for the entire area to be admitted as a regular state. <mask> was the third son of <mask>, who was born in Mississippi and died in Indian Territory. He was named after a leader. Sho-MA-Ka was a captive from a neighboring tribe who was adopted and integrated into the Choctaw.<mask>'s paternal ancestry was Irish. In the 18th century, <mask> settled in Spanish Florida with a land grant from the Spanish crown. He married into the tribe and became a trader. <mask>'s parents and brother moved to Indian Territory in the 19th century as part of the Indian Trail of Tears. His family was a prominent part of the tribe. <mask>, <mask>, and <mask> were his brothers. <mask> was shot and killed at the age of 20 by his cousin.<mask>, <mask>'s older brother, became a leader and served as president of the Choctaw senate. Jackson was succeeded by his brother Edmund, who served three two-year terms. Marriage and family <mask> were Baptists and influenced by missionaries. He had a son, D.C. <mask>, with Martha Ainsworth, a European-American woman. He lived in Spiro. Kate 'Kittie' Spring was married to the senior <mask>. They had a son and four daughters.<mask> was described as being six foot two. After his brothers, he became the principal chief of the tribe. He was the sheriff of Skullyville County in 1872. He was a member of the Progressive party of his tribe, also known as the "Eagles", who began to favor negotiation with the United States over proposals for allotment and statehood of the Choctaw communal lands. <mask> thought he needed to negotiate to get the best outcome for the tribe. The day after the 1884 elections, Nationalist Charles Wilson was brutally killed, as the nation was torn by the prospect of losing their governance and lands. Jackson Crow, an African American, was the only one to be convicted and executed for his role in the assassination.Silan Lewis, a Nationalist, killed five Progressives in the 1890s. He was executed by the Choctaw in 1894. <mask> gained power in this period. The distribution of $2 million in treaty settlements was overseen by him. He was a delegate to the U.S. federal government twice. He was a member of the board of education in his district. He was the district attorney.<mask> became the Principal Chief of the Choctaw Nation in 1898. He couldn't serve a third term because of term limits. He won the election because he was eligible to run again. He won a fourth term in 1904. <mask> was a vice president at the Sequoyah Constitutional Convention in 1905 when Oklahoma was admitted as a state. Indian Territory could be admitted as a separate state under Native American control. The groundwork was laid for the Oklahoma Constitution.The US government broke up tribal governments in 1906. <mask> was appointed by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. He died in office in 1910. <mask> thought the Congressional delegation was hostile to his people because he was a member of the Democratic Party. Many of his tribesmen switched their affiliation to the Republican Party. The Solid South was established by the Democrats because they had stripped most blacks, Natives and other minorities of their voting rights at the turn of the century. Even if <mask> influenced many Choctaws to become Republicans, they remained both racial and political minorities in the new Southern state of Oklahoma and were cast aside by the White Democratic establishment.The <mask> House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. The house was destroyed at the time, but has since been rebuilt. It is a two story house. The <mask> House is located in Kinta, Haskell County, Oklahoma. <mask> died at his home in Oklahoma in 1910. He was buried in Oklahoma. McCurtain County, Oklahoma was named for a family of chiefs.Further reading Anna Lewis. The Chronicles of Oklahoma 11 was written by <mask>. John Bartlett Meserve. The McCurtains were written in The Chronicles of Oklahoma 13 in 1935. The name of the man was Joseph Bradford Thoburn. The American Historical Society published A Standard History of Oklahoma in 1916. Native American politicians, Native American Christians, Oklahoma Democrats, People of Indian Territory, and Oklahoma Baptists are some of the links.

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Green McCurtain
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Jackson McCurtain
Edmund McCurtain
David McCurtain
Robert McCurtain
Jackson McCurtain
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Jane McCurtain


texts: <mask> was a French philosopher and historian who wrote studies of the British, the book of essays Era of Tyrannies, and a history of Britain from 1814 to 1914. As the German army marched on Paris, his mother fled to tretat, where he was born. His father was a playwright and his brother was a historian. His parents were both Protestant and his family was Jewish. <mask> was surrounded by many people. He received his PhD in philosophy in 1901 after studying at the cole Normale Supérieure. His first major study was The Formation of English Philosophical Radicalism.<mask> suggested in 1893 that the moral question of modern thought was how the abstract idea of duty could become a concrete aim of society. He found the answer to this question to be a fundamental contradiction. He said thatUtilitarianism was based on two principles: first, that the science of the legislator must bring together the naturally diverging interests of individuals in society; and second, that social order comes about spontaneously through the harmony of individual interests. The contemplation of the astronomer and the intervention of the engineer exemplified two fundamental human attitudes towards the universe. <mask> was invited by mile Boutmy to give a lecture on English political ideas. He alternated this course with another on the history of socialism after 1900. He had an interest in the Revue de métaphysique et de morale until his death.He became an intimate friend of many of the most important scholars and political figures of the age because of <mask>'s teaching. He developed a deep and intensive knowledge of all the sources of 19th-century English history after studying the Jeremy Bentham manuscripts at Cambridge. The first volume of his masterpiece, the History of the English People in the Nineteenth Century, was published in 1913. He wanted to explain how England avoided violent social change in the first volume. "If economic facts explain the course taken by the human race," he wrote, "the England of the nineteenth century was surely, above all other countries, destined to revolution, both politically and religiously." The British constitution was not strong enough to hold the country together. Methodism was the antidote to Jacobinism.He did not write his history in chronological order. The story was told in the second and third volumes. <mask> was moved by World War I and focused on the period from 1895 to 1914. The two volumes on this period were written with a lot of attention to the problems he discussed. The Doctrine de Saint-Simon was included in a set of Saint-Simonian lectures that 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 <mask> argued that the world war had increased national control over individual activities and opened the way for socialism in his lectures of 1929. He saw socialism as a new organization of constraint replacing those that the Revolution had destroyed.<mask> began to bridge the gap between 1841 and 1895 with a volume called The Age of Peel and Cobden. <mask> died at Sucy-en-Brie on August 21, 1937. His publishers posthumously commissioned R. B. McCallum to contribute a supplementary essay to link this volume with the concluding ones, the whole appearing under the title Victorian Years in 1961. There are online publications in French. The year 1896. The Théorie platonicienne is about sciences. Félix Alcan is in Paris.The year 1901. La Formation du radicalisme is a philosophy. Félix Alcan is in Paris. The year 1901. La Jeunesse de Bentham was founded in 1776. The year 1901. L'volution de la doctrine is from 1789 to 1816.The movie was released in 1904. Le radicalisme is a philosophy. The year 1903. The man is Thomas Hodgskin. There is a library in Paris. The year was 1919-1946. Histoire du peuple anglais.The year 1913. L'Angleterre was born in 1815. The year 1923. The Reform Bill had a lendemain de Waterloo. The year 1923. The Reform Bill was written by Sir Robert Peel. In1946.Le Milieu du Sicle is from 1841-1852. There was a time in the 1960's when there was a time in the 1960's when there was a time in the 1960's when there was a time in the 1960's when there was a time in the 1960's when there was a time in the 1960's when there was a time pilogue 1. The impérialistes are from 1895-1914. There was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a pilogue 2. Vers la sociale et vers la guerre: 1895-1914.There was a time when the word was "1938." L're des tyrannies. De Célestin Bouglé. There is aposth. The year 1948). Histoire du socialisme européen. Gallimard is in Paris.There are online works in English translation. There was a time when it was said that there was a time when it was said that there was a time when it was said that there was a time when it was said that there was a time when it was said that there was a time when it was said that there was a time The growth of radicalism. New York: The Macmillan Company. The year 1930. The World Crisis of 1914-1918 is an interpretation. Clarendon is in Oxford.The year was 1949–52. The history of the English people in the 19th century. It was translated by E. I. Watkin. Ernest Benn's website was online in 1949. England was in the 19th century. The year 1949. The Liberal Awakening took place in the 18th century.The year 1950. The Triumph of Reform took place in the 18th century. In 1951. The years of the Victorian years. In 1951. The rise of labour and imperialism. The year 1952.The Rule of Democracy was written in the 19th century. (1956). The man is Thomas Hodgskin. London: Ernest Benn. The era of tyrannies. Essays on war and socialism. R. K. Webb wrote the translation.Notes by a man. New York: Doubleday. There are selected articles Halévy, lie. "Chartism" is in The Quarterly Review. 236, No. pp. The score was 62–75.lie <mask> was born in 1922. "Where England stands at present" is a story in The Living Age. 314, No. 4078, September 2, pp. 566–566. Historiography of the United Kingdom References can be found here. "Elie Halevy: Philosopher as Historian" was published in the Journal of British Studies.13, No. 1, pp. 151–168. Kelly, ed. There is an encyclopedia of historians and historical writing. There is a new edition of Vol. 1 was written by Taylor and Francis.Marco Bresciani. "From 'East to West', the world crisis of 1905-1920: a re-reading of Elie <mask>." First World War Studies 9.3 was published. Chase, Myrna. The Intellectual Biography of Elie <mask> was published by Columbia University Press. Frobert was a writer. "Elie <mask>'s First Lectures on the History of European Socialism" was published in the Journal of the History of Ideas.67, No. 2, pp. 322–322. Hugh Stuart was written by Jones. "The Era of Tyrannies: <mask> and Friedrich von Hayek on Socialism" was published in the European Journal of Political Theory 1. The score was 53–69. Catherine Haugh Smith was born in 1942."lie Halévy" is written by Bernadotte Everly Schmitt. Essays in Historiography of some historians of modern Britain. The University of Chicago Press. Francisco Vergara was born in 1998. A critique of lie Halévy: Refutation of an important distortion of British moral philosophy was published in the Journal of the Royal Institute of Philosophy. There are External links to works by lie Halévy.

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lie Halévy
Halévy
Halévy
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lie Halévy


texts: <mask> was known for his pessimism about the British economy and his criticism of the British government. The "Stock-Flow Consistent" model was an analysis that predicted the global financial crisis of 2008. <mask>, 2nd Baron Kilbracken and his wife Elizabeth Usborn were the parents of <mask>. John was the brother who was to become the 3rd Baron Kilbracken. After attending Rugby School, <mask> read politics, philosophy and economics at New College, Oxford, where two of his most important mentors were. <mask> became the principal oboist at the BBC Welsh Orchestra after studying at the Paris Conservatoire for three years. He was the director of the Royal Opera from 1976 to 1987 but gave up his career because he was nervous about performing in public.He was married to the daughter of the sculptor who used his "impossibly handsome" head as a model for his statue of St Michael. After his musical career ended, he became an economist at the Metal Box company, where he worked in macroeconomic policy issues and short term forecasting, including the 1967 devaluation of the pound under Harold Wilson. While at the Treasury he met Nicholas Kaldor, who persuaded him to move to Cambridge University where he became a fellow of King's College and director of the department of applied economics. He predicted that unemployment would hit 3 million in the 1980's and that the 1973–74 economic boom would end. The dire warnings earned him the title "Cassandra of the Fens" and were derided until they came true. Dave Ramsden, chief economic advisor to the treasury, said that his contributions to Treasury policy thinking over the years were acknowledged: "In the 2000s, much of which coincides with a period of apparent and widely researched stability, what stands out is his distinctive analysis and his prescience about the There would be problems with monetary union in Europe without shared fiscal policy to replace currency movements.<mask> and Francis Cripps co-authored a book called Macroeconomics in 1983. In 1995 <mask> took up a post at the Levy Economics Institute of Bard College in New York State, where he focused on the strategic prospects for the US and world economies. He was one of the first to warn about the unsustainable nature of the global economy in 1998. His book Monetary Economics: Integrated Approach to Money, Income, Production and Wealth is about stock-flow consistent macro modelling. Martin Wolf gave credit to <mask>'s "sectoral financial balances" analytical framework in a 2012 analysis of the Great Recession. Wolf said that since income has to equal expenditure for the economy as a whole, the sums of the difference between income and expenditures of each of the sectors of the economy must also be zero. The differences can be described as financial balances.If a sector is spending less than its income it must have claims on other sectors. Since sectoral balances must sum to zero, a rise in the deficit of one sector must be matched by an offsetting change in the others. The sum of the surpluses of the other sectors of the economy must be increasing if the fiscal deficit is increasing. Wolf said that a large increase in the private sector financial balance caused a large increase in government deficits. The "New Cambridge" model of de-industrialization was developed by Godley. The long-term decline and competitiveness of British industry is stressed. The manufacturing sector lost its share of both home and international markets during the 1970s.The historic substantial surplus of exports fell into an even balance. The majority of that balance is maintained by North Sea oil. There are several different causes for the decline in competitiveness according to the New Cambridge model. The model stresses bad delivery times, poor design, and low quality in the 70's. Although research levels are high in Britain, the industry has been slow in implementing innovation. British products are more expensive because of the appreciation of sterling against other currencies. General import controls are recommended by the New Cambridge model in regards to policy.Deindustrialization threatens the nation's ability to maintain balance of payments equilibrium in the long run according to the model. The situation after oil runs out in the North Sea. The social consequences of de-industrialization are serious. Workers skilled in the manufacturing sector are no longer needed, and are shuffled off to lower paying, less technologically valuable jobs. The problem is being compounded by Computization and globalization. According to Dirk Bezemer, <mask> was notable for being one of the few economists to predict the nature of the Great Recession well in advance and for doing so on the basis of a formal model. There are books by <mask> <mask> and Marc Lavoie.Monetary Economics: An Integrated Approach to Credit, Money, Income, Production and Wealth is a book. There is a description. There were two people in 1983, <mask> <mask> and T. Francis Cripps. Papers by <mask> <mask> and Marc Lavoie were published in April 2007. The paper is about fiscal policy in a stock-flow consistent model. Robert A. Cord wrote a book about the Levy Economics Institute. The usefulness of macro- economic models is questionable, especially as the Godley- Cramer model describes a closed economy according to a 1983 review of Macroeconomics.Civil servants from London include Post-Keynesian economists and English classical oboists.

masks:
Godley
Hugh Godley
Life Godley
Godley
Godley
Godley
Godley
Godley
Godley
Wynne
Godley
Wynne
Godley
Wynne
Godley


texts: Christopher Wong Won, better known as <mask>, was an American rapper. He appeared on all of the 2 Live Crew's albums from 1985 to 1998. Wong Won was born and raised in Trinidad and Tobago before moving to the United States. Wong Won co-founded 2 Live Crew while he was in the United States Air Force. 2 Live Crew singles gained so much traction in Florida that they relocated there. The single "Throw The 'D" was released by the group in 1986. 2 Live Crew's debut album, The 2 Live Crew Is What We Are, was released in 1986.The group's signature style of comical sexually explicit lyrics was established by the album. The album was ruled obscene by a U.S. district court after a number of successful releases. They were all acquitted after being prosecuted. In 2 Live Crew's subsequent albums, Wong Won is the only Live Crew member. The first prominent Asian and Asian American rapper, Wong Won, released his first solo album, The Chinaman, in 1992. He released singles with 2 Live Crew in the 2000s. My Rise 2 Fame was Wong Won's last book before he died.Wong Won was born in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago on May 29, 1964. Wong Won's family has Trinidadian Chinese ancestry, with his Asian heritage coming from Hong Kong. Both of his grandmothers were of African descent. Wong Won and his family moved to New York City at the age of 12. In 1982, Wong Won graduated from high school. Wong Won joined the United States Air Force in 1982, after founding 2 Live Crew and Asian Hip hop pioneer. Wong Won formed the rap group 2 Live Crew after meeting two other people.Wong Won said that the group would perform in small, local venues on Saturdays and Sundays. 2 Live Crew relocated to Miami after Vielot left the group, at the request of local concert promoter Luther Campbell, because the single "The Revelation" became popular in Florida. With the success of 2 Live Crew, Wong Won became the first rapper of note in Asian American hip hop, and the first rapper of Asian heritage to gain fame. 2 Live Crew released their next single, "What I Like", in 1985, with Wong Won appearing as the only rapper on the track. 2 Live Crew formed a joint venture with a Miami-based rap producer. Campbell joined 2 Live Crew as a hype man after forming the record label. The most well known and recognized line up of the group was formed in April of 1985 by Brother Marquis and 2 Live Crew.The song "Throw The 'D" was released by 2 Live Crew in January 1986 and was written by Wong Won. Future Miami bass songs were influenced by the single. The 2 Live Crew became popular locally and nationally with the release of their debut album, The 2 Live Crew Is What We Are. Notorious for sexually explicit lyrics made many DJs uncomfortable. 2 Live Crew's second album, Move Somethin' It, was certified Gold and had two singles, "Move Somethin'" and "Do Wah Diddy Diddy". Reached the top 20 on the Top R&B/Hip Hop albums chart. 2 Live Crew's third studio album was certified double Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America, making it the group's most successful studio album."Me So Horny" peaked at 26 on the Top 100 chart. The clean version of the album was released at the same time as the explicit version. The first album in history to be declared obscene by a federal court was ruled by the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida in 1990. All of the defendants, including Wong Won, were acquitted in an obscenity trial. 2 Live Crew released Banned in the U.S.A. "Do the Bart" peaked at 20 on the Top 100 chart. The title song referred to the obscenity ruling of the federal court regarding the group's previous album.The group was given permission by Bruce Springsteen to interpolate his song " Born in the U.S.A." for a single. Banned was the first album to have a Parental Advisory sticker on it. Live in Concert peaked at number 46 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. This weekend is sports weekend and it's as nasty as they want to be. 2, featuring the single "Pop That Coochie", which reached 58 on the Hot 100 chart, was released by 2 Live Crew in 1991. The group's sixth album was a sequel of sorts to the first one, and was also accompanied by a clean version. 2.All of the members of the group are included on the last studio album. Wong Won was the only member of the group to appear on every subsequent album. In 1992, Wong Won released his first solo project, The Chinaman. The first American hip hop album embraces having an Asian heritage. The album reached the top of the charts. The albums stayed on the chart for two weeks. The Chinaman was on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart for ten weeks.56. The album Deal with This was released in 1993 as a Rock on Crew vs 2 Live Crew album. The album Back at Your Ass for the Nine-4 was released in 1994. Wong Won was joined by Campbell and a new rapper. The album peaked at the top. The Top R&B/ Hip-Hop Albums chart has 52 on it. "Shake a lil' Somethin'" was the single from the 2 Live Crew's album, which was released in 1995.There are 72 on the Top 100 chart and 11 on the Hot Rap Songs chart. "Do the Damn Thing" and "Be My Private Dancer" both made it to the top of the Hot Rap Singles chart. 34. The 2 Live Crew released The Real One in 1998. "2 Live Party" peaked at No. 2 on the album. 52 on the Hot R&B/ Hip-Hop Songs chart and 9 on the Hot Rap Songs chart. 60 on the Hot R&B/ Hip-Hop Songs and 9 on the Hot Rap Songs charts.Wong Won said he started Chinaman Records after 2 Live Crew. He released three solo albums with this endeavor. Flo Rida and his underground group named GroudHoggz were a part of Wong Won's 2004 release. Wong Won and Ross met in 2006 to discuss their differences and eventually decided to relaunch 2 Live Crew. They tried to get past members back in the group, but were turned down. Wong Won and Ross were part of the 2 Live Crew. Wong Won and 2 Live Crew were honored at the 2010 Hip-Hop Honors.In August, Wong Won and Ross announced the upcoming release of an album. "Take It Off" was released by Wong Won and Ross. The Flo Rida music video "G.D.F.R" had Wong Won and Ross in it. The duo announced the upcoming release of a new 2 Live Crew studio album, as well as a reunion with Campbell. My Rise 2 Fame was published in 2015. Wong Won's journey from the U.S. Air Force to the Hip hop scene was chronicled in the book. On January 13, Wong Won released his final project, a collection of albums.Shortly before the release of Move Somethin', Wong Won was involved in a near fatal car accident. The loss of mobility in his left arm was caused by damage to his brachial plexus. Wong Won had a stroke. He died at the Miami VA Hospital. His death was due to the disease. Wong Won is the first Asian rapper to gain some attention. Wong Won said that many fans had no idea that he was Asian until the group's music videos were released.Wong Won was the only noticeable Asian American rapper. References include 1964 births and deaths of American rappers of Caribbean descent and East Coast hip hop musicians.


texts: <mask> is a retired Argentine professional footballer. He was efficient in front of the goal and from anywhere on the field. He spent most of his career with River Plate, playing in over 200 games and scoring over 100 goals in three separate spells. He helped win a title with Bordeaux, the Trophée des Champs, and two other titles abroad. He was the top scorer in the Cyprus First Division in his final year as a professional, and he had short spells in Spain, Brazil, Mexico and Cyprus. The Argentina under-20 team won the South American Youth Championship in 2003 and <mask> was the top scorer with eight goals. He was a part of the team that reached the semi-finals at the U-20 World Cup and was the top scorer with four goals.He was a member of the senior team in 2008. Cavenaghi played for Rivadavia de Chacabuco and Bravado in the regional leagues between the ages of nine and twelve. In the 2000–01) season, Cavenaghi scored one goal in five appearances. He scored 17 goals in 23 appearances in his first full season. Cavenaghi joined Spartak Moscow for a fee of US$12 million, setting a record for a Russian team. He was frozen out of the team after he publicly criticized the tactics of the new manager. He was put up for sale in December.Cavenaghi was sold to Bordeaux. He signed a four-and-a-half-year deal. He was able to work in the European Union because of his Italian passport. He played his first match for Nice on February 3. Cavenaghi was an unused substitute in Bordeaux's 1–0 win over Lyon in the final of the Coupe de la Ligue. He scored 22 goals in 35 appearances for Bordeaux. In the 2008 Trophée des Champs, Cavenaghi came on as a substitute in a goalless draw against Lyon.Both he and David Bellion had their attempts saved in the penalty shootout, but Bordeaux prevailed. Cavenaghi helped Bordeaux to its first league title in ten years in the 2008–09 season, scoring 13 goals in 29 league matches. Cavenaghi scored in a 4–2 home win over Guingamp in the last 16 to help the team win the Coupe de la Ligue. The Girondins won their third honour of the calendar year on 25 July 2009, when they retained the Trophée des Champs with a 2–0 win over Guingamp in Montreal. Cavenaghi joined Mallorca on a season-long loan with the option to purchase for  3.5 million. In 13 games for the Balearic club, he scored six goals, two of which were braces against Real Sociedad and Almera. Cavenaghi joined Brazil's Internacional on a year-long loan with the option to make it permanent for  2.5 million.After leaving his contract at Bordeaux a year early, Cavenaghi returned to River Plate. The club had been demoted. He scored 19 goals in 37 league matches that season, including four against Gimnasia de Jujuy. He helped the club get promoted back to the first division in the 2011-12 season. Cavenaghi returned to Spain in August of 2012 after signing for Villarreal, who had fallen into the Segunda Divisin. He scored in each half of a 2–1 win over Real Madrid Castilla on his debut. Cavenaghi spent 19 appearances and four goals for the "Yellow Submarine", but cut his stay short when he joined Pachuca.Cavenaghi joined River Plate for the third time. He wore his number 9 throughout his stay. River Plate will be eligible to play in several continental/international tournaments in the upcoming year. <mask> was the captain of River Plate and he led the team to a sweep of the international titles. Two eliminations of arch-rival Boca Juniors were included in these campaigns. River Plate would be eligible to play in the Club World Cup in Japan if they win the Libertadores. He scored 11 goals in Argentina's Primera Divisin in 2015.Cavenaghi signed a two-year contract with the First Division club of Cyprus. He scored twice on his debut in a 6–2 home victory against Pafos FC. He scored in each of his first seven league appearances. He missed the last three months of the season due to an injury but still won the top scorer award with 19 goals in 18 league appearances. <mask>'s contract with the club was terminated on April 2, 2016 due to a serious knee injury, which was expected to take more than eight months to heal. Cavenaghi decided to retire from the professional scene after sustaining a serious knee injury. <mask> was named to the Argentina under-20 team for the 2003 South American U-20 Championship.The Argentines won the title and he was the top scorer with eight goals, four in each stage. <mask> was called up by Tocalli for the squad at the U-20 World Cup. He scored two goals, including the golden goal, in a 2–1 victory against Egypt in the last 16. He scored a golden goal in the quarter-finals against the United States. The Golden Shoe award went to the American Eddie Johnson, who was one of four top scorers with four goals. Due to his non-liberation by River Plate, he wouldn't get any chances with him. The fifth best goal average in River Plate history was achieved by Cavenaghi, but he missed out on the Summer Olympics.Cavenaghi got his first chance in the Argentina main team in a non- official match against Catalonia on December 29th. He was used as a substitute by the new Argentina coach. Cavenaghi was already in FC Spartak Moscow after that win. Cavenaghi chose Spartak because he didn't think he'd get a place in the regular team at Juve. Staying in Moscow didn't help him get new chances with Pekerman because they didn't call players from Russian football. In March 2008, <mask>'s form for Bordeaux earned him a first official call up to the senior national side by Alfio Basile, ahead of a friendly against Egypt. He made his debut in the 2–0 win at the Cairo International Stadium as a 69th-minute substitute for Julio Cruz.At his best moment in France, he was called up to a few games, but Messi, Agero, Higuan were already there, and it was very difficult to find a place among these players. Club River Plate Argentina Primera Division: 2002 Clausura, 2003 Clausura, 2004 Clausura. Pachuca players are playing in the Russian premier league, Argentine players are playing in the Spanish premier league, and Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players are playing in the French premier league.

masks:
Fernando Cavenaghi
Cavenaghi
Cavenaghi
Cavenaghi
Cavenaghi
Cavenaghi
Cavenaghi


texts: Dato' <mask> (Jawi:    ;IPA: ; born 11 January 1979) is a Malaysian singer, songwriter, actress and businesswoman with more than 300 local and international awards. She made her debut at the age of 16 after winning a local singing competition show. Her debut single was the winner of the 11th Anugerah Juara Lagu and two other awards. The album has sold more than one million units in Malaysia. She has recorded and sung in many languages. Siti has received an unprecedented number of music awards in Malaysia and its neighbours: 42 Anugerah Industri Muzik, 25 Anugerah Bintang Popular, 28 Anugerah Planet Muzik, 21 Anugerah Juara Lagu, and four MTV Asia Awards. She has been voted for Regional Most Popular Artiste ten times in a row, beating other artists from Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore in the Anugerah Planet Muzik since 2001.One of Malaysia's richest, most-influential, most award-winning, and most single-produced artist is currently listed. 10 percent of Malaysia's total album sales for 2001 were contributed to by her album sales. She has sold more than 6 million records. Siti won the Gold Award in Asia New Singer Competition in 1999, two awards from 'South Pacific International Song and Singing Competition' held in Gold Coast, Australia, and the Grand Prix Champion title in Voice of Asia in 2002. She won the public choice for the Walk of Fame in 2020 after receiving a record breaking amount of votes. She has many other achievements. During the closing ceremony of the 1998 Commonwealth Games in front of Queen Elizabeth II and her consort, Prince Philip, Siti was chosen to perform.<mask> was the first Southeast Asian singer and the third Asian singer to perform a solo concert at the Royal Albert Hall in London. In 2005, she was listed second by MTV Asia in Asia's Best Musical Artiste and Channel V's Biggest Asian Artiste. She was named one of Asia's idols by Asia News Network. She was listed as one of The Muslim 500 - The World's 500 Most Influential Muslims from 2015 to 2022. Her honorific titles include "Voice of Asia" and "Asia's Celine Dion". <mask> was the fourth child in a family of seven siblings and was born on January 11, 1979. Her brothers and sisters are also singers.Her mother was a traditional singer and her grandfather was a famous violinist. She was involved in many school activities as a child. She first showcased her singing talent at the age of six when she sang "Sirih Pinang", a Malay traditional song, at her kindergarten's certificate. She completed her secondary education at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Clifford, Kuala Lipis, Pahang. She won one of her earliest singing contests when she was 12 years old, with the song "Bahtera Merdeka" at the Merdeka Day Singing Contest. She participated in two different sports events during the Fiesta Media Idola 2006 in Kuantan, one of which was a 5x80 meter relay. She was chosen to light the games of the Fiesta as one of the torchbearers.At the age of nine, Siti had to wake up at 4:00 am to help her mother make and sell various homemade kuih in her neighbourhood, where sometimes, she also had to carry a makeshift table down three flights of stairs to set up. She said that the hardship has helped her to be more frugal when spending and more confident when communicating with the public. She said that the whole experience has helped her improve her vocal skills, as she has to shout to call for customers. She used to follow her uncle to invitational shows like wedding ceremonies and dinner parties, which helped to expose her to performing live. <mask> <mask>'s family performed at many public local ceremonies in their hometown, such as weddings and public soirées. At the age of 2, Siti began to learn traditional songs from her mother and went on to perform the same music genre during special occasions and events. She was the vocalist for a band founded by her uncle.She began to improve her singing skills by participating in singing contests. She tried out for Asia Bagus but failed. She didn't give up despite her frustration. At the age of 16 she was selected to participate in the Rtm Bintang HMI competition where she sang a song made famous by Kaulah Segalanya. She met Adnan Abu Hassan, the music composer who helped her with her vocal performance, after she won the contest. She signed a contract with Suria Records, rejecting four other offers from different international recording companies. In 1996, Suria Records released her first self-titled debut album, and she won several awards that year, including Most Popular Television Entertainer, Most Popular Female Singer, and Most Popular Teen Artiste.<mask> became a well-known figure in Indonesia's music industry in 1997 when her story appeared in one of the most popular magazines in Indonesia, POS Kota. She was seen as a formidable figure because it was difficult for foreign artists to break through in Indonesian's music industry if they have less to offer than their own artists. <mask> was the first Malaysian singer to hold a live concert on a popular television station in Indonesia and it was broadcasted nationwide. She held big scale concerts in Jakarta, Bandung, and many more cities over the next few years in order to become one of the most influential artists in Indonesia. She won two awards from Anugerah Industri Muzik 1997. She started her own company at the age of 19 on January 12th, 1998. The company is called Bhd.She has an official management team. During the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Siti performed in front of Queen Elizabeth II and her consort, Prince Philip, as well as officials from 70 Commonwealth countries. She performed on the same stage as two international stars, Céline Dion and Rod Stewart, during the closing ceremony. She became known in the international arena for the first time after the ceremony was televised in 70 nations. She was invited to perform in Japan for five days at the Pop Queen Festival in 1998. Siti received one of her first international winnings from an international singing competition when she took part in the 'Shanghai Asia Music Festival 1999' that was held in China, where she won the Gold Award for the Asia New Singer Competition. She was invited in 2000 and 2002 for the same competition.She was crowned with the first place in the category of 'Pop/Top 40 for International Song' at the 'South Pacific International Song and Singing Competition' held in Gold Coast,Queensland, Australia in 1999. Siti was awarded with the Best Female Vocal Performance with the same single even though the single was judged by cassette tape/compact disc sent by her recording company to the organiser and not through live performance. For the next few years, Siti took part in 'Voice of Asia 2002', where she performed one of her singles from her third album, Purnama Merindu, and grabbed the Grand Prix Champion title, the ultimate prize. She was invited to perform at the Japan and ASEAN Pop Stars Dream Concert in Yokohama, Japan, in December of 2003 along with top Japan and ASEAN artists, including The BOOM, You Hitoto, INSPi, Leonard Eto, and Hiro. Some of the artists who are from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations include Hans Anwar & Lo'Ryder (Brunei), Preap Sowat (Cambodia), Jolina Magdangal (Philippines), and Lay Phyu & Iron Cross (Myanmar). A special song was composed by a Japanese composer and lyrics by a Singaporean writer for a concert. The same song was also sung by each singer from each participating country in their native languages, where Siti's version which was in Malay, entitled Dunia Milik Kita was also performed for the first time during the event.Siti was the first non- Chinese artiste invited to perform at the Golden Melody Awards. In addition to performing solo with  (Conquer) cover of Na Ying's single, she also sang a duet with Leehom Wang in a song called  (The Moon Represents My Heart) which was a cover of the late Teresa Teng. She appeared on a half-hour special program on Azio TV. She performed for the second time in a row at the MTV Asia Awards in Singapore in 2004, this time with the runner up from the first series of England's version of "I'm a Celebrity, Get Me Out of Here". Siti Nurhaliza Production (M) Sdn. was founded in 2004. The company is called Bhd. Television programs were produced by SNP.The first musical program is called Muzikal Aidiladha. The company came up with the Siti Nurhaliza 3D (Siti Nurhaliza Dari Dalam Diri), a reality television series that exclusively reveal the private life of Siti Nurhaliza with 13 episodes. There were 26 episodes of the sports and celebrities programs produced by SNP in the same year. During the MTV Asia Aid in 2005 held in Bangkok, Thailand, she was given the title of The Voice of Asia, due to her outstanding achievements locally and internationally. In 2005, Siti held a concert at the Royal Albert Hall in London, but the majority of the audience were Malaysians living in the United Kingdom. The British press referred to her as Asia's Celine Dion for her powerful vocal and outstanding performances. The concert was attended by the Sultan and Sultanah of Pahang and royal families from Brunei.In the same year, Channel V listed her as the second biggest Asian artist, behind Taiwanese singer Jay Chou. She was ranked as the Second Asia's Best Musical Artist by MTV Asia, behind Taiwanese artist Jay Chou. Siti's eleventh studio album, Transkripsi, was released in April 2006 and contained contributions from producers and composers from Indonesia and Malaysia. Transkripsi became the year's best album after winning two categories in the Anugerah Industri Muzik. It was one of her best albums ever produced and the album was her debut attempt at producing an album under her own production company. The Sultan of Pahang, Sultan Ahmad Shah, gave her the title of "DIMP" on his 76th birthday along with two Malaysian designers, Bernard Chandran and Dayang Tom Abang. She was the first Malaysian to walk the red carpet at theGrammy Awards in 2007.On 20 and 21 April 2007, she performed at the Konsert Istana Cinta Nostalgia, which was a tribute concert for the late Tan Sri P. Ramlee and Puan Sri Saloma. Siti and other invited artists performed popular songs composed by Tan Sri P. Ramlee at the concert. Siti was invited to perform a concert for the late Sudirman Hj Arshad in Kuala Lumpur in 2002. She was nominated for 4 awards in the Anugerah Industri Muzik on April 30, 2007. Out of the four nominations, she won two. She received five nominations from Anugerah Planet Muzik 2007, two of which were voted on by fans from Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. She won three of the five awards.Hadiah Daripada Hati, Lentera Timur and other works were given the honor of walking up the red carpet for invited celebrities at theGrammy Awards held in Los Angeles on February 11, 2007. Siti recorded two songs for two different films, Menanti Pasti and Hati, for Kayangan and 1957: Hati Malaya. Hati was included in her twelfth studio album, Hadiah Daripada Hati, which received the award of Best Original Theme Song from the 21st Malaysian Film Festival. She agreed to act in the musical "Remy" in the same year. The Story of P. Ramlee was staged at Istana Budaya from 19 October to 3 November 2007. On 10 December of the same year, <mask>'s twelfth studio album Hadiah Daripada Hati was released, with the Latin-influenced pop song Ku Mahu as the first single of this album and it was featured as the opening theme song for a local Malay drama, Spa Melawan Kesepian was the first track on the album to have a video clip.The song was a remake of a hit by an Indonesian band. The press criticized Hadiah Daripada Hati when it was released. The critics said that it was a moderate performance from her and that it wasn't as good as her previous album. Hadiah Daripada Hati received five nominations in the 15th edition of AIM and <mask> was the second nominee with the most. The album earned her three awards for Best Pop album, Best Musical arrangement in a song (Malay) and her ninth Best vocal performance in an album (female) in which she had lost. Her acting debut was in a musical. Dick Lee, a Singaporean composer, composed Mulanya Cinta, the third single from P. Ramlee's The Story of P. Ramlee'.According to the year-end Zeitgeist of 2007, Siti has become one of the most searched persons on the internet in Malaysia. She gained the status as the icon of Malaysian entertainment after being cited as one of the Asia's idols by Asia News Network. Siti held her first solo acoustic concert on March 21, 2008 at the Esplanade Theatre in Singapore. She performed some of her hits from her latest album, Hadiah Daripada Hati, at the concert called Diari Hati - Dato' <mask> Nurhaliza's Heart. The release date of her 13th album, Lentera Timur, was December 26, 2008. She said that the album has more modern and contemporary songs. She collaborated with international composers like Singapore's M. Nasir and Indonesia's Katon Bagaskara.Nine of the 13 songs that have been chosen were created and composed in a three day workshop. The materials for the album were found at the event organised by Malaysian Authors Copyright Protection. During the 16th Anugerah Industri Muzik, Lentera Timur won multiple awards including Best Pop Ethnic and later was honoured as the Album of the Year in AIM. She won the Best Female Vocalist trophy for the song 'Di Taman Teman'. She was away to perform Umrah with her family when she was not present at the award ceremony. The soundtrack for an Indonesian film was recorded by Siti. A new song called Batasku Asaku was written by Siti and is one of the songs recorded.The songs were included in her fourteenth album. She was named one of the millionaires in entertainment in South East Asia after her wealth reached 50 million dollars. Her father died at the age of 67 after a heart bypass operation days before did not show any improvement, leaving seven children and 10 grandchildren behind. She put singing activity on hold and announced a 40-day state of mourning for her father. After the loss, Siti went back to work and announced her major three days concert at the Istana Budaya, SATU Konsert Eksklusif Dato' Siti Nurhaliza. It began in Kuala Lumpur. The tickets were sold out in weeks.The show was attended by well-known people such as Krisdayanti and Rossa from Indonesia, who were praised by the critics. A month before the concert, she won her ninth consecutive award of Most Popular Malaysian Artist of 2009 and also the

masks:
Sri Hajah Siti Nurhaliza Tarudin
Siti
Siti
Siti
Nurhaliza
Siti
Siti
Siti
Siti
Siti