texts: He is the 7th President of The Juilliard School. He was a principal dancer with the New York City Ballet. He was a guest star with the Kirov Ballet and American Ballet Theatre until he retired from the stage in 2008. As a Principal Dancer at New York City Ballet, <mask> danced virtually the entire leading male dancer repertory, and had works created for him by a number of artists. He was a guest star with companies including the Kirov Ballet and American Ballet Theatre, as well as appearing in numerous television broadcasts and movies. A number of ballets have been choreographed by Woetzel. The Harvard Arts Medal was one of his awards.The Gene Kelly Legacy Award was created by the Dizzy Feet Foundation and the Estate of Gene Kelly to honor the 100th anniversary of Kelly's birth. He was a member of the Harvard University Task Force on the Arts. He holds a degree from Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. He was a visiting lecturer at Harvard Law School in the fall of 2010 and the spring of 2017. The Turnaround Arts Program, which brings arts education to some of the nation's most challenged school districts, was created by the President's Committee on the Arts and Humanities. The board of directors of NY City Center, Volunteer Lawyers for the Arts, Sing for Hope, and the advisory board of Define American are all chaired by <mask>. The President of the Juilliard School was named in May of last year.After training in Boston at the E. Virginia Williams ballet school, he moved to Los Angeles at the age of 15 and joined the Los Angeles Ballet. He received raves in the New York Times and New Yorker Magazine for his role in ”The Young Apollo” a ballet made especially for him. During his 3 years with that company, he danced many ballets by Balanchine, Bournonville, Petipa, as well as Clifford's. After the Los Angeles Ballet closed, he was sent to New York where he joined the NYC Ballet. He was a favorite of Robbins. He graduated from the Fay School in Massachusetts in 1981. He received a degree from the John F. Kennedy School of Government in 2007.The director of arts programs at the Aspen Institute was named in June 2011. The inaugural US-China Forum on the Arts and Culture in Beijing is part of the Aspen Institute Arts Program. American and Chinese artists and cultural representatives were involved in the forum. The current state of the arts in education was examined by Dr. Ellen Winner, Professor of Psychology at Boston College and Senior Research Associate at Project Zero. For the first time, the Arts Programcurated multiple sessions at the Institute's premiere public program, the Aspen Ideas Festival. renowned artists, policymakers, arts administrators as well as leading Chinese cultural representatives were brought for discussions, film screenings and cultural exchanges focusing on how the arts impact society for nineteen sessions. The inaugural Aspen Arts Strategy Group convened over 30 arts leaders from around the nation in New York City.The MusiCorps program helps wounded warriors overcome injuries and recover their lives through intensive music practice, and in December 2012 cellist Yo-Yo Ma organized a visit to the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. Yo-Yo Ma was appointed as the Harman-Eisner Artist in Residence by the Arts Program. The Arts Program has produced over 100 events in cities across the country, involving a range of participants including artists-in-residence Renee Fleming, Theaster Gates, JR, and more. The Creative Young Leaders Alliance is one of the program expansion activities. In 2006 he became the artistic director of the Vail Dance Festival. The launch of New York City Ballet MOVES and the debut of Morphoses/The Wheeldon Company are just two examples of the innovation and growth of the festival. The Pacific Northwest Ballet, Miami City Ballet, Paul Taylor Dance Company, and the Martha Graham Dance Company have all performed at the Festival.As a major part of Festival programming and community activities, Woetzel has engaged noted and diverse musicians including Philip Glass, Eddie Palmieri, and members of the Silk Road ensemble. The International Evenings of Dance Galas have become renowned for their selection of first-time partnerships, as well as the presentation of young, emerging stars making their debut in new repertory. The 2012 Vail International Dance Festival presentations were distinguished by catholic taste and brilliant programming according to The New York Times. The International Evenings I gala was simply the best I have attended in decades. Wendy Perron of Dance Magazine compared Woetzel to the legendary impresario Serge Diaghilev and praised him for his commitment to collaboration with live musicians. The Festival has commissioned a number of choreographers to create new works. The educational arts program "Celebrate The Beat" - the Colorado associate of Jacques d'Amboise's National Dance Institute - was brought to the Vail Valley to reach local underserved children.A number of initiatives highlight community engagement with the arts, including an annual celebration of National Dance Day, open Master Classes and "Up Close" lecture-demonstration events which combine rehearsal, performance. "UpClose: Footwork," which explored virtuoso footwork in dance forms ranging from Memphis jookin to ballet to tango to modern dance, was one of the recent performances. The Festival celebrated its 25th anniversary and launched an annual program which presented new commissions from a wide variety of choreographers. There was a "jookin' jam session" at New York's Le Poisson Rouge featuring the Memphis Charles "Lil Buck" Riley with special guests including dancer Ron "Prime Tym" and Yo-Yo Ma. The evening featured a world premiere for solo cello by Philip Glass. A series of extraordinary windows seemed to open, each revealing a new and imagined realm, as Charles "Lil Buck" Riley and Ron performed at Le Poisson Rouge. In December 2012 he co-produced the tribute to legendary ballerina Natalia Makarova as part of the 35th annual Kennedy Center honors.He was honored by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences for his contributions to the CBS special. The World Science Festival Gala Performances were held at Lincoln Center. He created an arts salute to science for the 2010 event, featuring performances by Yo-Yo Ma and John Lithgow. In the fall of 2009, <mask> co-founded and began directing the New Essential Works Program, which supports choreographers and dance companies during the current financial crisis by giving grants to enable the production of new works. Andrew Bartee, Robert Garland, Jodie Gates, John Heginbotham, Larry Keigwin, and Attila Bongar have all received grants. Alaska Dance Theatre, Aspen Santa Fe Ballet, Ballet X, Baryshnikov Arts Center, Boston Ballet, Carolina Ballet, Colorado Ballet, Dance St. Louis, Eugene Ballet, Grand Rapids Ballet, Joffrey Ballet have participated in the production of new works. There are two types of grant awards: NEW grants, for the premiere of a new work, and RE(new) grants, supporting the restaging of a new work.The new Studio 5 performance series at New York's City Center features in-depth examinations of today's most compelling dance artists and companies highlighted by in-studio performances and demonstrations. Topics included David Hallberg, Christopher Wheeldon, Herman Cornejo, Gabriel Missé and Anala Centurin. As a presidentially-appointed artist on the President's Committee on the Arts and Humanities, Woetzel is involved with Turnaround Arts, an arts education initiative. In addition to adopting two schools, Woetzel works on arts programming and projects with the schools and their surrounding communities throughout the year. "Arts Strike" was a new effort to have celebrated artists engage educators and students, schools and communities, highlighting and sharing the unique power of the arts to empower, enrich and educate. The first events have taken place in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and Washington, D.C., and almost all have featured Woetzel with Yo-Yo Ma in schools, engaging with students and their teachers to promote learning through the arts. The High Line Arts Education Project, an Arts Strike organized in New York, was piloted by Woetzel.Silk Road Connect is a program in the New York City Public Schools. The Silk Road ensemble and 450 6th grade students took part in a year-end event at the Museum of Natural History in New York in June of 2010. The Central Park SummerStage series began in June of 2011. The performance was titled "Night at the Caravanserai: Tales of Wonder" and featured hundreds of 6th grade students from New York-area public schools. There was an "art strike" at Inner-City Arts in downtown Los Angeles in April of 2011. More than one hundred elementary school students from the Los Angeles Unified School District were given a demonstration and workshop at the event. The highlight of the event was a first-time duet directed by <mask> between Ma and Lil Buck, who performed a Memphis Jookin' version of The Dying Swan with Ma accompanying on the cello, which reached over one million views within weeks.The long-awaited Chicago Cultural Plan, which guarantees the arts an important place within the Chicago school curriculum, was unveiled in October of 2012 by Renée Fleming and Yo-Yo Ma. The announcement came one year after the Aspen Institute Arts Program, with Yo-Yo Ma and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, convened a closed-door roundtable with Chicago Public Schools leadership and local arts education forces to discuss the place of the arts in the longer school day. In the fall of 2010, he was a visiting lecturer at Harvard Law School, where he co- taught a course on Performing Arts and the Law with Jeannie Suk. The course explored many aspects of law and the arts, with guests including playwright John Guare and actor Alec Baldwin. The artistic director of the New York State Summer School for the Arts was <mask>. He was a principal dancer for New York City Ballet from 1989 to 2008 and retired from the stage in 2008. More than 50 featured roles in the New York City Ballet's repertory, including George Balanchine's: Agon, were created for him by a number of artists, including Christopher Wheeldon.Songs and Quiet City, The Unanswered Question and Organon, Christopher Wheeldon's An American in Paris, and Morphoses were all featured roles in Beethoven. He originated roles in ballets by Kevin O'Day and others. The 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 He played Prince Siegfried in Peter Martins' Swan Lake on "Live from Lincoln Center" in 1999. The Live from Lincoln Center broadcast of "New York City Ballet's Diamond Project: Ten Years of New Choreography" was broadcasted on PBS in 2002. The film version of George Balanchine's The Nutcracker was released in the winter of 1993. He was one of the stars of the Cole Porter musical Jubilee in a special benefit performance at Carnegie Hall in 1998.He was a visiting artist with the American Ballet Theatre and the Kirov Ballet and frequently performed as a guest star. In addition to his NYCB repertory, <mask> danced principal roles in classics such as Giselle and La Bayadere. New York City Ballet has a number of ballets choreographed by Woetzel. He choreographed two ballets for New York City Ballet. In 1998, he choreographed and starred in a new version of An American in Paris ballet for Marvin Hamlisch. In the past few years, <mask> has choreographed works for Pacific Northwest Ballet, as well as collaborating with the jookin' star Lil Buck for performances in New York, Los Angeles and Colorado. The Harvard Arts Medal was awarded to Woetzel in 2015.The Gene Kelly Legacy Award was created in honor of the 100th anniversary of Kelly's birth and was presented to <mask> in July of 2012 for his contributions to the arts as a ballet star and director of dance and music. He is a judge for the Astaire Awards and serves on the Artists Committee of the Kennedy Center. He was a juror for the Princess Grace Awards. He is a frequent speaker on the arts and arts policy. He became a member of the Knight Foundation's National Arts Advisory Committee in 2011. The New York City Center, The Clive Barnes Foundation, and The Sphinx Organization are some of the organizations that <mask> serves on. He was appointed to the President's Committee on the Arts and Humanities.Education is a graduate of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. New York City Ballet Principal Dancer Heather Watts is married to <mask>. The Aspen Institute has a policy work on arts that can be found at www.aspeninstitute.org.

masks: Woetzel Woetzel Woetzel Woetzel Woetzel Woetzel Woetzel Woetzel Woetzel Woetzel


type: paraphrased

texts: Yi Bo was a Korean Politician in the Late Joseon dynasty. He was the second son of Wonjong of Joseon and Queen Inheon of the Neungseong Gu clan. He was the brother of Injo. The future Grand Prince Neungwon was born on 15 May 1598 in Seongcheon, Pyeongan-do, Kingdom of Joseon, as the second son of Prince Jeongwon. He grew up in Hanseong-bu, his father's private residence, where he spent a brief childhood. Bo was adopted as his 1st uncle, Prince Uian, when he was 11 years old. Bo was given royal title Master Neungwon (, ) at first and later changed into <mask>eungwon () on 1608.The Prince became rank 1 after Yu Yeong-Gyeong's death in prison. After Prince Imhae was imprisoned, he became Iksawonjonggongsin rank 1 ( 1). In 1617, he was a part of the discussion on the abolition of the senior person in the palace. The other bureaucrats who participated in the discussion were punished, but he wasn't. On 13 March 1623, Injo of Joseon's big brother, Prince Neungyang, ascended the throne after making a rebellion. When Prince Neungchang was exiled to Gyo-dong on charges of treason in 1615, he was killed and died there. If the youngest brother was dead, their father, Wonjong was so upset that he drank alcohol and died at 40 years old.Neungwon became an officer in Sodeokdaebu in the same year. The servant of Neungwon's adopted father was beaten and killed in March 1625 during Injo's 3rd year reign. Injo only believed the words of the servants who betrayed him and didn't conduct the investigation fairly, so he ordered the ministers to leave. Injo apologized for being too excessive after the two of them filed an appeal for fear that the state's words would be blocked. On November 28, 1625, when his mother, Lady Gyewoon, became critically ill, Injo made a special offer to Neungwon. Neungwon became the resident after their mother passed away. Many ministers argued that Neungwon, who had already been adopted by Prince Uian, couldn't be Lady Gyewoon's resident.Neungwon had to divorce his wife, Lady Yu, because her father failed in his attempt to make Prince Inseong, the first son of Seonjo of Joseon and Royal. He initially refused, but later demoted her to be his concubine. She can still live in his home. When Injo was concerned about his small house, he gave him a special palace in Yihyeon, Hanseong-bu. Neungwon became Somuwonjonggongsin rank 1 on 17 September 1628, after Injo's 5th year reign. After Injo's ascension to the throne, their father was honoured as King Wonjong and their mother was honoured as Queen Inheon. On 4 May 1623, Injo's 10th year reign, he was honoured as Grand Prince Neungwon along with his younger brother who died as Grand Prince Neungchang.He received some of the envoys from Dorgon, who was the Prince regent of the Qing dynasty. After Sim Gi-won's rebellion case ended, Neungwon became Yeonggukgongsin and then Yeonggukwonjonggongs. The Politician Yi Jin-Yong and the playwright Yi Hae-Rang were famous figures of his group. Since the Prince's 1st uncle adopted him, his group was sometimes called the <mask> Faction. He died at the age of 57 years old and was buried in Nokchon-ri, Hwado-eup. The theory of Cheokhwa was claimed by him along with Gim Sang-Heon, who was a presiding officer at the time. After his father-in-law was punished and exiled, he faced his wife and cried.It was said that he lived happily ever after. <mask>'s family had 20 grandchildren and 45 middle-grandsons. Song Siyeol and Jo Sa-U wrote his Sindo. Younger brother - Yi Jeon, Grand Prince Neungchang. Sister-in-law - Grand Princess Consort Gu of the Neungseong Gu clan. Yi Hyeong, <mask>, <mask>n, and Lady Yi Ye. The Cultural Heritage Administration of the Republic of Korea made a report on 115 on 16 September 2002. External links can be found in Encykorea.June 5, 2021. 1598 births and 1656 deaths of Korean people.

masks:
Prince N
Prince Uian
Neungwon
Prince Yeongsin
Prince Yeongchu


texts: <mask> was an influential 18th-century London bookseller and publisher. His publications had a wide range of opinions on important issues. <mask> is best known for publishing the works of radical thinker such as Mary Wollstonecraft, William Godwin, Thomas Malthus, datememe datememe datememe, as well as religious dissenters such as <mask>, Anna Laetitia Barbauld, Gilbert Wakefield, and George Walker. <mask>'s publishing business focused on religious works. He became friends with many people over the course of his life, one of which was the artist Henry Fuseli. <mask> published important works in medicine and children's literature in the 17th and 18th century. <mask> helped shape the thought of his era not only through his publications, but also through his support of innovative writers.The regular attendees of his weekly dinners became known as the "Johnson Circle" because he fostered the open discussion of new ideas. In the 1790s, <mask> aligned himself with the supporters of the French Revolution, and published an increasing number of political pamphlets, as well as a journal, the Analytical Review, which offered British reformers a voice in the public sphere. He was indicted on charges of seditious libel for publishing a pamphlet. After spending six months in prison, <mask> published fewer political works. In the last decade of his career, <mask> did not seek out many new writers, but he was successful by publishing the works of authors such as William Shakespeare. John Aikin said that <mask> was the father of the booktrade. He was the most important publisher in England for his promotion of young writers, his emphasis on publishing inexpensive works directed at a growing middle-class readership, and his advocacy of women writers at a time when they were viewed with skepticism.<mask> was the second son of <mask> and his wife Rebecca Turner. <mask> was marked by religious Dissent from the beginning of his life, as two of his mother's relatives were prominent Baptist ministers. One of the most important commercial ports in England was at the time of <mask>'s youth, and it was fast becoming a bustling urban centre. Dissent and commercialism were central to <mask>'s character throughout his life. At the age of fifteen, <mask> was apprenticeshipd to George Keith, a London bookseller who specialized in publishing religious tracts. Gerald Tyson, <mask>'s major modern biographer, explains that it was unusual for the younger son of a family living in relative obscurity to move to London and become a bookseller. According to scholars, <mask> was indentured toKeith because he was associated with theLiverpool Baptists.It is believed that the two remained friendly after <mask> started his own business, as they both published works together later in their careers. After completing his apprenticeship, <mask> opened his own business, but he struggled to establish himself, moving his shop several times within one year. The Complete Pocket-Book and Gentleman and Tradesman's Daily Journal for the Year of Our Lord were two of his early publications. <mask> outsold his rivals by publishing his earlier and cheaper pocketbooks. As a religious Dissenter, <mask> was interested in publishing books that would improve society and he continued to sell these profitable books until the end of the 1790s. His book list was dominated by religious texts. As <mask> became successful and his reputation grew, other publishers began including him in congers, syndicates that spread the risk of publishing a costly or inflammatory book among several firms.<mask> formed two friendship that would shape his life the rest of his life. The painter and writer Henry 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 <mask>i's early 19th-century biographer. <mask>i. The second and possibly more consequential friendship was with Joseph Priestley. This friendship led Johnson to abandon the Baptist faith of his youth, as well as to pursue forms of political dissent. Johnson's success as a publisher can be explained in large part by his association with Priestley, as he published dozens of books with him and introduced him to many other Dissenting writers.The works of many Dissenters, including the poet, essayist, and children's author, Anna Laetitia Barbauld, and her brother, the physician and writer, John Aikin, were issued by <mask>. The relationship between the Academy and the bookseller was useful. Not only did many of the tutors send occasional manuscripts for publication, but also former pupils often sought him out to issue their works. <mask> made himself known to an even larger network of Dissenting intellectuals, including those in the Lunar Society, which expanded his business further. <mask> was trusted enough by Priestley to handle the logistical aspects of his entry into the Royal Society. <mask> and B. Davenport formed a partnership after <mask> moved his business to 8 Paternoster Row. The firm of Johnson and Davenport published many religious works that were "rigidly Calvinistic", so they were attracted by mutual beliefs.In the summer of 1767, Davenport and <mask> parted ways, and scholars theorize that it was because <mask>'s religious views were becoming more unconventional. <mask> didn't need to struggle to establish himself as he had early in his career. He published nine first editions himself and thirty-two works in partnership with other booksellers within a year. The Chapter Coffee House was the center of social and commercial life for publishers and booksellers in 18th-century London, and he was a part of it. Major publishing ventures had begun at the Chapter. <mask> and John Payne published 50 titles the following year. The firm published more works under <mask> and Payne.<mask> did not publish works to enrich himself. The Theological Repository, a financial failure that fostered open debate of theological questions, was a project that appealed to <mask>. Although the journal lost money in the 17th century, he was willing to publish it again in 1785 because he endorsed its values. The late 1760s was a time of growing radicalism in Britain, and although <mask> did not participate in the events, he helped the speech of those who did by publishing works on the election of John Wilkes and the American colonies. <mask> published mostly religious works and occasionally a travel narrative despite his interest in politics. Tyson writes that in the first decade of his career <mask>'s significance as a bookseller was derived from a desire to provide dissent. Fire <mask> was on the verge of success when his shop was destroyed by fire.The first printing of his Remarks on the Writings and Conduct of J. J. Rousseau was lost when Fuseli was living with <mask>. <mask> and Payne ended their partnership. <mask> published some of Payne's works after the separation. After fire destroyed his shop and goods, <mask> re-established himself at 72 St. Paul's Churchyard, the largest shop on the street of booksellers. <mask> told a friend that his friends came about him, and set him up again. According to an early 19th-century biography, Mr. <mask> was so well known, and had been so highly respected, that on this unfortunate occasion, his friends with one accord met, and contributed to enable him to begin business again. He thinks that Priestley helped him since they were close friends.<mask> started publishing works by Dissenters after reopening his business. <mask> published more specifically Unitarian works, as well as texts advocating religious toleration, starting in the 1770s. Dissenters were able to spread their beliefs easily because he supplied provincial publishers with religious publications. The civil rights of Dissenters were restricted by the Test and Corporation Acts. Nearly one-third of the works on the issue were published by <mask> in a six-year period. He published pro-repeal literature when repeal bills were introduced in Parliament. The first Unitarian chapel in London was founded by <mask>.With some difficulty, <mask> obtained the building for Essex Street Chapel, with the help of John Lee, who later became Attorney-General. <mask> published Lindsey's inaugural sermon, which sold out in four days, in order to take advantage of the opening of the new chapel. Throughout his life, <mask> continued to attend and participate in this congregation. Lindsey and John Disney were two of <mask>'s most active writers. In the 1780s, <mask> continued to advocate Unitarianism and published a series of controversial writings by Priestley arguing for its legitimacy. <mask>'s philosophy of open debate and religious toleration was supported by these writings. The Society for Promoting the Knowledge of the Scriptures was founded by <mask> to release new worship materials and commentaries on the Bible.The British and Foreign Unitarian Association is publishing. The works of Dissenters, Anglicans, and Jews were also published by <mask>. The common thread was religious toleration. He published the Reverend George Gregory's English translation of Bishop Robert Lowth's seminal book on Hebrew poetry. Essays Historical and Moral and Sermons with Thoughts on the Composition and Delivery of a Sermon were written by Gregory. Gregory was a kind of author that <mask> preferred to work with. Helen Braithwaite writes that <mask>'s approach was seen by his opponents as inherently permissive, opening the door to all forms of questioning and scepticism, and at odds with the stable virtues of established religion and authority.<mask> became involved in publishing tracts and sermons in defense of the American revolutionaries as a result of his association with British Dissenters. He began by reading the Address to Protestant Dissenters of All Denominations, on the Approaching Election of Members of Parliament, which urged Dissenters to vote for candidates that guaranteed the American colonies' freedom. Fast Day sermons by Joshua Toulmin, George Walker, and Newcome Cappe were published by <mask>. According to Braithwaite, <mask>'s decision to publish so much of this material indicates that he supported the political position it advocated. Richard Price's Observations on the Nature of Civil Liberty is said to be the most influential English defence of the colonists. In a year, over 60,000 copies were sold. The American colonies were in rebellion by the time <mask> issued the first political works of Benjamin Franklin in England.<mask>'s ties to the revolution were mostly through Dissenters. The works published by <mask> emphasized both colonial independence and the rights for which Dissenters were fighting, "the right to petition for redress of grievance, the maintenance and protection of equal civil rights, and the inalienable right to liberty of conscience". Scientific and medical texts began to be published by <mask> after 1770. John Hunter's A Natural History of the Human Teeth, Part I was one of the most important because it elevated dentistry to the level of surgery. <mask> supported doctors when they questioned the efficacy of cures, such as with John Millar in his Observations on Antimony, which claimed that Dr James's Fever Powder was not effective. John Newbery made a lot of money from selling this patent medicine and it was a risky publication for <mask>. The Laws Respecting Women, as they Regard Their Natural Rights, which is an explication for the layperson, was published in 1777 by <mask>.The ultimate value of the book is that it gives women the knowledge of their legal rights in situations where they have traditionally been vulnerable. Laws Respecting Women is sometimes credited to Elizabeth Chudleigh Bristol, known for her bigamous marriage to the 2nd Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull after having previously privately married Augustus John Hervey. This publication foretold <mask>'s efforts to promote works about women's issues, such as A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, and his support of women writers. <mask> contributed a lot to children's literature. The revolution in the newly emerging genre was spawned by his publication of Lessons for Children. A generation of authors, such as Sarah Trimmer, were inspired by its plain style and mother-child dialogue. <mask> encouraged other women to write in this genre, such as Charlotte Smith, but his recommendation always came with a caveat of how difficult it was to write well for children.Smith could not use his time and extraordinary talents more usefully for the public and his self than in writing books for children and young people, but I am very sensible it is extreamly difficult to acquire that simplicity of style. The publication of their juvenile library was advised by him. <mask> helped sponsor the translation and publication of popular French works such as L'Ami des Enfans and encouraged the writing of British children's literature. John Hewlett's introduction to spelling and reading, William Nicholson's introduction to natural philosophy, and John Bonnycastle's An introduction to Mensuration and Practical were all published by <mask>. <mask> published a number of

masks:
Joseph Johnson
Johnson
Joseph Priestley
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
John Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnsonsel
Johnsonsel
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


texts: books on education and childrearing. <mask> became an established publisher by the end of the 17th century. His home became the center of a radical and stimulating intellectual milieu when Dissenters sought him out.He was respected as a publisher because he was willing to publish multiple opinions on issues. Although he was an anti-slavery activist, <mask> also published works in favor of the slave trade, but he also published works critical of the practice. <mask> achieved success in the 1780s, he did well financially and his firm published more books. Although <mask> had begun his career as a cautious publisher of religious and scientific tracts, he was now able to take more risks and he encouraged friends to recommend works to him, creating a network of informal reviewers. <mask> had only one assistant and never took on an apprentices. Two relatives helped him in the last years of his life. The poet William Cowper was published by <mask> once his financial situation became secure.At a time when authors were often forced to take on the risk of publication, <mask> issued Cowper's Poems and The Task at his own expense, and was rewarded with handsome sales of both volumes. Anti-thelyphora, which mocked the work of Cowper's own cousin, the Rev., was published by <mask>. Polygamy as a solution for prostitution was advocated by Martin Madan. "<mask> edited and critiqued Cowper's poetry in manuscript, much to the advantage of the poems," according to Cowper. Three years after Cowper's death in 1800, <mask> published a biography of the poet. <mask> never published a lot of "creative literature". The majority of <mask>'s literary works were religious.The most famous production in this vein was The Speaker, which went through multiple editions and spawned many imitations. During the 1780s, <mask> brought out some of his most significant works in the area of medical and scientific publications. <mask>'s friend, the physician John Aikin, said that <mask> established one of his first shops on the track of the Medical Students, where they would be sure to see his wares, which helped to establish him in medical publishing. Thomas Beddoes and Thomas Young were both published by <mask>. The children's book on birds was issued by him, as was the translation of Linnaeus's System of Vegetables. James Edward Smith was the man who brought the Linnaean system to England. John Haygarth's An Inquiry How to prevent Small-Pox was issued by <mask> in 1784.Haygarth's works promoted inoculation for the healthy, as well as quarantining for the sick, after <mask> published them. The first text of pathology devoted to that science exclusively by systematic arrangement and design was written by Matthew Baillie. <mask> also published his scientific works, such as Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air, in which Priestley announced his discovery of oxygen. <mask> published the works of two people who claimed to have discovered oxygen. When Lavoisier began to publish works in France on the "new chemistry" that he had developed (which included today's modern notions of element and compound), <mask> had these translated and printed immediately despite his association with Priestley who argued strenuously against Lavoisier's new system. <mask> was the first to publish an English edition of Lavoisier's early writings on chemistry. The works increased <mask>'s visibility among men of science.<mask>'s home became a hub for radical thinkers who appreciated his open-mindedness, generous spirit, and humanitarianism. They would meet and debate at <mask>'s house in London, even if they were separated by geography. The network brought new writers to <mask>'s business and brought authors into contact with each other. John Hewlett invited Mary Hays who brought William Godwin, and John Hewlett introduced JohnNewton to <mask>. <mask> became the favourite publisher of a generation of writers and thinkers because of his broad network of acquaintances and reputation for free- thinking publications. He "stood at the very heart of British intellectual life" by bringing people together. <mask>'s circle was made up of both liberals and radicals.It was held together less by political liberalism than by a common interest in ideas, free enquiry, and creative expression. "<mask>'s circle" is usually used in the singular, but there were at least two other "circles". The first was made up of associates from London. The second consisted of <mask>'s writers from further away. More radicals would join later, including Thomas Christie. According to evidence collected from diaries, a large number of people attended <mask>'s dinners. The large number of high-profile guests, including Thomas Paine, attests to the reputation of these dinners.There are many references to these dinners in diaries and letters. In 1784, she wrote to her brother that "our evenings, particularly at <mask>'s, were so truly social and lively that we protracted them sometimes till after dark, but I am not telling tales." The conversation at one dinner focused on "monarch, Tooke, <mask>, Voltaire, pursuits, and religion" according to Godwin's records. The conversation was stimulating, but <mask> only served his guests simple meals, such as boiled cod, veal, vegetables, and rice pudding. Many of the people that met at these dinners became fast friends. The friendship between <mask> and Mary Wollstonecraft was important in both of their lives, and illustrates the active role that <mask> played in developing writing talent. She had just been dismissed from her job as a governess in Ireland and had moved back to London.She wanted to be an author in an era when there were few professional opportunities for women. An enduring and mutually supportive relationship blossomed between <mask> and Wollstonecraft after John Hewlett suggested that she submit her writings to him. He helped her with her debts, secured lodgings for her, and advanced payment on her first novel. <mask> included Wollstonecraft in his weekly soirées, where she met famous personages, such as Thomas Paine and her future husband. <mask> was regarded as a true friend by Wollstonecraft, who is believed to have written 200 articles for his periodical. She told him that he was her only friend and the only person she was intimate with after a disagreement. I have never had a father or a brother, but I have always been close to you.I thought of the instances of ill-humour and quickness and they looked like crimes. Yours, Mary. She learned French and German after <mask> offered her work as a translator. During the writing of her seminal political treatises A Vindication of the Rights of Men and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, <mask> provided encouragement. As radicalism took hold in Britain in the 1790s, <mask> became more involved in its causes, as he was a member of the Society for Constitutional Information, which was attempting to reform Parliament. The rights of slaves, Jews, women, prisoners, Dissenters, chimney sweeps, abused animals, university students forbidden from marrying, victims of press gangs, and those wrongly accused of violating the game laws were all championed by <mask>. <mask> published 118 works of political literature in the 1790s, accounting for over half of his total political output.There were at least one anti-war and one anti-slave trade publication from <mask>. John Gabriel Stedman's Narrative, of a Five Years' expedition was one of the works <mask> published. He helped organize the publication of The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. While <mask> focused on works about the French revolution, he also published commentary from America by Thomas Jefferson and James Monroe. During the French revolution, moderates split from radicals because of <mask>'s determination to publish political and revolutionary works. Sarah Trimmer, the children's author, lost customers, friends and writers. <mask> lost business due to his willingness to put out works that promoted the "challenging new historicist versions of the scriptures", such as those by Alexander Geddes, according to Braithwaite.The French Revolution and Paine's Rights of Man were not published by <mask>. It is difficult to determine <mask>'s political beliefs from the historical record. If <mask> had any political affiliation, it was accidental, argues Marilyn Gaull. <mask>'s liberalism is described by Gaull as a generous, open, fair-minded, unbiased defender of causes lost and won. She contends that his real contribution was as an advocate for a popular style and as a critic of contemporary knowledge. All of his writers were encouraged to use plain language so that their readers could understand them. <mask>'s association with writers such as Godwin has previously been used to emphasize his radicalism, but Braithwaite points out that Godwin only became a part of <mask>'s Circle late in the 1790s.The self-educating middle class was the target of <mask>. The Revolution Controversy began with the publication of Edmund Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France in 1790. Friends and enemies expected him to support the French Revolution because he had supported the American Revolution. His book decries the French Revolution and came as a shock to many. It sold over 10,000 copies in a few weeks despite being priced at five shillings. Dissenters felt compelled to reply. Within a couple of weeks of its publication, the Analytical Review published a summary and review of Burke's work.The Vindication of the Rights of Men was written two weeks later by Wollstonecraft. <mask> put himself at risk by issuing one of the cheapest replies to Burke. "Although there was no exception to be taken to his pamphlet when in the hands of the upper classes, yet the government would not allow it to appear at a price which would insure its circulation among the lower classes, Thomas Cooper, who had also written a response to Burke, was later informed <mask> remained at the center of the maelstrom as many others joined in. <mask> published or sold a quarter of the works responding to Burke within a year. Thomas Paine's Rights of Man was the most notable of the responses. <mask> initially agreed to publish the controversial work, but he backed out later for unknown reasons and J. S. Jordan distributed it.According to Braithwaite, <mask> was more interested in promoting the rights of Dissenters than in agreeing with Paine's republican statements. After the initial risk was taken by Jordan, <mask> published Paine's work in an expensive edition, which was not likely to be challenged at law. When Paine was arrested, <mask> helped raise funds to bail him out and hid him from the authorities. The king issued a decree against seditious writings after being alarmed by the popular appeal of Paine's Rights of Man. The effects of this law came to a head in the Treason Trials. Despite the fact that the defendants were received sympathetically by the juries, <mask> publicly distanced himself from them. In the 1790s alone, <mask> published 103 volumes of poetry, accounting for 37% of his entire output in the genre.<mask>'s firm was enriched by the works of Cowper and Darwin. The Botanic Garden was paid for by <mask> before it was released and he bought the rights to it for £800, a staggeringly large sum. Dialogues between a poet and his bookseller are contained in the poem. The poet is asked what Tyson calls "leading questions" in order to understand his theory of poetry. Although the questions of the practical-minded bookseller may be meant to parody <mask>'s manner, most likely Darwin did not have him or any other particular bookseller in mind. After the success of The Botanic Garden, <mask> published Darwin's work on evolution, Zoonomia, A Plan on the Conduct of Female Education, and the Philosophy of Agriculture and Gardening. The Temple of Nature was "horrified reviewers with its warring, factious, overly materialistic view of the universe" according to Braithwaite.<mask> continued to publish the works of Aikin and Barbauld as well as those of other poets. Most of the poets that <mask> published are not remembered today. In 1793, <mask> published William Wordsworth's An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches, but he remained Wordsworth's publisher until a disagreement broke out in 1799. Fears of Solitude was put out by <mask>. When he was in Europe, Coleridge left his books at <mask>'s shop. The second edition of Wollstonecraft's Original Stories from Real Life and Darwin's Botanic Garden were among the engravings commissioned by <mask>. The galley proof of <mask>'s French Revolution may show a connection with a writer.<mask> is depicted in An Island in the Moon as a bookseller without aesthetic values whose repetitive questions reveal his ignorantness. As part of his effort to expose the public to more foreign-language works, <mask> translated educational texts, serious fiction, and philosophy. He promoted the translation of the works of French Girondins, such as the Outlines of an Historical View of the Progress of the Human Mind and An Appeal to Impartial Posterity, which he had released. His translation of Constanin Volney's deistic Les Ruines became a hit. Madame de Genlis is one of the most prominent French children's literature translated by <mask>. <mask>'s biggest contribution was his promotion of German-language literature. He was encouraged to publish translations of important new German authors.<mask> was one of the few British publishers who translated German moral philosophy in the 1790s, and his most important translation was the work of Herder. Most of <mask>'s translators followed the 18th-century practice of freely adapting their

masks:
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Samuel Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


texts: texts, for example substituting "British" counterparts of "German" examples. Analytical Review was one of <mask>'s first periodicals. The Monthly Record of Literature and The Universal Museum and Complete Magazine lasted only a short time, but his later attempts were much more successful. The London Medical Journal was founded by Samuel Foart Simmons, a prominent physician. Simmons wrote that the journal would be a repository for original essays and an account of new medical books. The journal was replaced by Medical Facts and Observations in 1797.The Analytical Review was founded by <mask> and Thomas Christie. It was a gadfly publication, which offered readers a summary and analysis of the flood of new publications issuing from the presses at the end of the 18th century and provided a forum for radical political and religious ideas. Its articles were often critical of the Pitt administration and supportive of the French revolutionaries. According to Tyson, it was the most outspoken journal of its day. It was instrumental in promoting foreign-language publications, particularly those in German and French. The Analytical Review was quite popular compared to <mask>'s earlier periodicals. The Gentleman's Magazine had a circulation of over 5,000, but it only had 1,500 copies per issue.The Anti-Jacobin Review was established to counteract the effects of the Analytical and other radical media outlets. The retirement of other contributing editors and the deaths of Christie and Wollstonecraft led to the suspension of the Analytical at the end of 1798. The Monthly Magazine was started by <mask> in 1796. It was edited by his friend John Aikin and was associated with Dissenting interests. Many of the best features of the periodicals of the century were combined by it. It was a miscellany, but more intellectual and bookish than the Gentleman's Magazine, and it 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 The British government became more concerned about the possibility of a British revolution like that of the French after the beginning of the violence of the Reign of Terror.The ardour of radicalism dissipated in the early 1790s. Many of <mask>'s authors stopped writing after the booksellers were arrested and tried for seditious libel. Only a few, like Paine, went left. Barlow's Advice to the Privileged Orders was one of the works <mask> published after being forced to testify. The most extreme that <mask> ever published was described by Braithwaite as a 'hanging' offence. <mask> refused to publish any more of Barlow's works once it became clear that he was becoming radicalized. <mask> contemplated emigrating to America with Priestley to escape the increasing pressure he felt from conservatives and the government.After the publication of Rights of Man in 1791, a sedition law was passed in Britain and, in 1798, <mask> and several others were put on trial for selling Gilbert Wakefield's A Reply to Some Parts of the Bishop Llandaff'. "An English jury, in effect, was being asked to consider whether <mask>'s intentions as a bookseller were really as dangerous and radical as those of Thomas Paine". An issue of the Analytical Review was offered as evidence against <mask>. <mask> was fined £50 and sentenced to six months imprisonment at King's Bench Prison in February 1799, despite having retained Thomas Erskine as his lawyer, who had successfully defended the Tooke's at the Treason Trials. <mask>'s friends accused Erskine of using the trial as a political platform and not thinking of the best interests of his client. Being relatively wealthy, <mask> rented a home for himself within the prison where he held his weekly soirées. Although <mask> still believed in the free exchange of ideas, his publishing habits changed dramatically after he was released from prison.<mask> did not publish a lot of political works after he was released. <mask>'s friend, Theophilus Lindsey, wrote that <mask>'s fate deterred them all. After the trial, <mask> lost authors and experienced a decline in business. He gained fewer new authors, his stalwarts began to complain that he was not attending to their business, and he was forced to stop publishing the Analytical Review. In the late 18th and early 19th century, large publishing houses pushed out small, independent booksellers. <mask> didn't join one of the new firms. In the late 1790s and early 19th century, <mask>'s business declined as his relatives took over the daily operations, and they did not have <mask>'s commercial sense or his ability to choose successful.<mask>'s building and stock were destroyed by a second fire in January 1806. <mask> was still interested in political events even though he wasn't as active. He was the leader of the effort to appeal a new copyright law. After his imprisonment, <mask> did not publish controversial political works, but he still undertook important publishing ventures. The complete works of <mask>, The British Essayists, and a ten-volume set of Shakespeare were all published by him. During the last decade of his life, <mask> published in more congers than any other time. He occasionally published important new authors, such as the political economist Thomas Malthus, whose Essay on the Principle of Population sparked a long debate between idealists and pragmatists.As his interest in publishing political works waned, his emphasis on educational books increased. He continued to support his friends, as he did with Godwin, who needed financial rescue after his play. Lindsey described him as a worthy and most honest man, but incorrigably neglectful often to his own detriment, as <mask>'s authors became increasingly frustrated with him towards the end of his life. When his book orders were delayed several years and <mask> failed to communicate with him regarding the publication of his works, Priestley broke off his forty-year relationship with the publisher. The authors who became upset with <mask> were those writing religious or literary works. <mask> died of a chronic respiratory disease at his home and office at the age of 71. His great-nephew wrote to Maria Edgeworth that <mask> had "spasms" and "asthma" near the end of his life.His lack of business "acumen" caused him to leave his business concerns to his great-nephews, Hunter and Miles, who took over the business but could not retain <mask>'s impressive author list. Some of <mask>'s money was shared among friends and family, for example, a £200 annuity was given to the daughter of Mary Wollstonecraft. <mask> was laid to rest in a country home that he had rented since 1804, under an epitaph by his life-long friend Henry Fuseli: According to Chard, <mask>'s obituaries both those written by his friends and those not, "consistently stress his generosity and his principles". In his obituary in the Morning Chronicle on December 21, 1809, William Godwin praised <mask> for his modesty, warm heart, and clarity of mind, as well as calling him an "ornament to his profession". Every giant of the second half of the eighteenth century in medicine, science, religion, philosophy, political thought, education, and poetry published at least one work with <mask>. <mask>'s publications helped to demystify medicine for the public and were an important part of the scientific revolution. The New Statesman can be seen as a result of the Analytical Review.All of the major novelists of the period, except Samuel Richardson, had a majority or monopoly share in the ownership of their works by the end of <mask>'s career. <mask> was known for fostering the development of new writers without worrying about maximizing profits, and for printing works on principle, even if he knew they would make little money. His publication of Barlow's Advice to the Privileged Orders sold 600 copies and barely broke even. The creation of the female professional writer began at the end of the 18th century in Britain. He gave women the chance to demonstrate that they could be both successful and significant authors by nurturing the writings of Anna Laetitia Barbauld, Charlotte Smith, Mary Hays, Mary Wollstonecraft, and Maria Edgeworth. Hays's An Appeal to the Men of Great Britain, which called for an end to the rule of men over women, was reviewed extensively by <mask>'s Analytical Review. New writing talent and innovative works were made appealing to the public by <mask>.He was a catalyst for experimentation by bringing disparate authors together. <mask> retreated into the background while he promoted his authors. <mask>'s character has left historians and literary critics sparse material from which to reconstruct his life, and his friend John Aikin explained that he had a decided aversion to all sorts of puffing and parade. In the early 1990s, one of <mask>'s "letter books" was found in an old desk, despite the fact that his business records and correspondence had been destroyed for 200 years. The letters were written to business associates and friends. His letters to other publishers discuss paper, printing, engraving costs, delivery dates, breeches of copyright, binding charges and accounts whereas his letters to friends include missives to others. Scholars have been able to theorize more concretely about <mask>'s life and work because of this material.He priced his merchandise competitively, but always within the reach of the middle class, the audience he most wanted to serve. He was able to reduce costs by printing texts in the provinces and then sending them to London. Many of <mask>'s books are full of errors and poorly bound. His peers expected this as they were printed quickly to respond to a particular event. Before <mask>'s generation of booksellers, publishers were not respected as highly as they are now. <mask> was called "the most important publisher in England from 1770 until 1810" because of his advocacy of cheap books and his desire to foster extensive provincial and foreign connections. In 48 years of publishing, <mask> averaged 56 imprints per year.Half of these were pamphlets. He averaged around 20 to 30 new books per year. The majority of his publications were written by anonymous authors. More religious works were published by him than any other genre. Many of <mask>'s political and religious works would have been printed in editions of 250, as their topics were often ephemeral. John Aikin is the author of the notes. There is a biographical account of Mr. <mask>.The Gentleman's Magazine was published in the 19th century. Helen Braithwaite. <mask> and the Cause of Liberty is a book about Romanticism, Publishing and Dissent. The book is from New York: Palgrave Macmillan. "Culture's Medium: the Role of the Review". The Cambridge Companion was written about British Romanticism. Ed.Stuart. The Cambridge University Press was published in 1993. The English book trade was led by <mask>. The library is open. The fifth series. It was 136–154 in 1977. There is a person named Chard, by the name of Leslie."<mask> was the Father of the Book Trade". The New York Public Library Bulletin was published in 1975. There is a person named Chard, by the name of Leslie. "<mask> in the 1790s" Wordsworth Circle 33.3 was published in 2002. "Esterhammer." Continental literature, translation, and the <mask> circle are mentioned.Wordsworth Circle 33.3 was published in 2002. Marilyn Gaull. "<mask>: Literary Alchemist" is a book. The European Romantic Review was published in 1999. Carol Hall. "<mask>". The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.Oxford University Press. 2004. On April 30, 2007. Carol Hall. "<mask>" was written by "<mask>". The British book trade began in the 1700s. There are Eds.J. K. Bracken. There is silver. The Gale Group was in New York in 1995. "Holmes, Richard." The adventures of a romantic biographer. New York: Viking. The evidence of the diaries is contained in William Godwin and the Joseph Johnson Circle.Wordsworth Circle 33.3 was published in 2002. Laura Mandell. <mask>'s lessons for men were about producing the professional woman writer. Wordsworth Circle 33.3 was published in 2002. Mann. There was a death of a London bookseller. The Keats–Shelley Memorial Bulletin 15 was published in 1964.Mortimer Rowe. The history of Essex Hall. Lindsey Press was in London in 1959. The full text is reproduced here. Jane Worthington Smyser. The trial and imprisonment of a bookseller. The New York Public Library 77 bulletin was published in 1974.Tomalin is the name of the person. "<mask> and the book trade was a publisher in prison". The Times Literary Supplement was published in December 1994. Gerald P<mask> <mask> was a liberal publisher. The University of Iowa Press was published in 1979. Five friends whose curiosity changed the world. Straus and Giroux were in New York in 2002."The perils of publishing or the cool world of Samuel Taylor Coleridge: <mask>" was written by P. M. Zall. Wordsworth Circle 3 was published in 1972 English prisoners

masks:
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Samuel Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Joseph Johnson
Johnson
Joseph Johnson
. Joseph
Johnson
Joseph Johnson


texts: <mask> was a British author best known for his science fiction novels and short stories. His work was first published in the United States in John W. Campbell's magazines. Weird Tales and non-fiction articles were written by <mask>. Several of his stories were published under different names up to 1955. <mask> was born in 1905 near Sandhurst, where his father was an instructor at the Royal Military College. <mask> became a fan of science fiction after reading a letter from a reader from the same area. Johnson encouraged <mask> to embark on a writing career." Seeker of Tomorrow" was written by the two men and was published in July 1937. <mask> and Johnson joined the British Interplanetary Society. The cover story for the May 1939 issue of Unknown was <mask>'s first novel. Charles Fort's famous speculation "I think we're property" is the basis of the tale. Campbell created Unknown as a vehicle for the short novel after receiving the manuscript for Sinister Barrier. 9–10). There is no evidence for that in the first volume of In Memory Yet Green.His second novel, Dreadful Sanctuary, is an example of conspiracy fiction in which a paranoid delusion of global proportions is perpetuated by a small but powerful secret society. There are two different accounts of <mask>'s military service during World War II. He served with the Royal Air Force and was a member of the Mobile Signals Unit. Jack L. Chalker stated in the introduction to the 1986 Del Rey Books edition of <mask>'s novel that he was too old for active service and spent the war dreaming up nasty tricks to play against the Germans. John L. Ingham states that there is nothing in <mask>'s R.A.F. He was a wireless mechanic and radio operator. <mask> wrote full-time in the late 1940s.He became an active member of the British science fiction community. He won the first annual Hugo Award for Best Short Story in 1955 for "Allamagoosa." The Great Explosion won a Prometheus Hall of Fame Award in 1985 and was the third work to be named to the libertarian science fiction hall of fame. The 1957 novel was a finalist for the honor and is now limited to one work per year. <mask> was the fifth member of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame. The biography of <mask> was published in 2010 by Plantech. <mask>'s full-length fiction includes the following:Many of <mask>'s shorter works have been reproduced in collections such as Deep Space, Six Worlds Yonder, Far Stars, Dark Tides, and Somewhere a Voice. His short story "Allamagoosa" won the Hugo Award for Best Short Story. Some of <mask>'s non-fiction essays were collected in a compendium of Forteana entitled Great World Mysteries. The Rabble Rousers is a sardonic look at human folly, including the Dreyfus affair and the Florida land boom. Lern Yerself Scouse: The ABZ of Scouse was written under the name "Linacre Lane". <mask>'s science fiction can be found in two omnibus collections, Major Ingredients (2000) and Entities (2001). Dark Tides, a collection of <mask>'s horror and weird fiction, was published in 2006 by John Pelan's Midnight House.Design for Great-Day, published in 1995 by Alan Dean Foster and <mask> <mask>, is an expansion of a short story by <mask> <mask>. <mask> had an easy-going, colloquial writing style that was influenced in part by American "hard-boiled" detective fiction of the kind popularized by Black Mask magazine. <mask> wrote mostly for an American audience and was assumed to be American by readers. The most notable examples of <mask>'s science fiction are Sinister Barrier and Dreadful Sanctuary. In the novels Next of Kin, as well as several shorter works, there is a single resourceful human pitted against a ponderous alien bureaucracy. <mask> is described as John W. Campbell's "licensed jester" by Brian Aldiss. <mask>'s humor has a satirical edge, often aimed at authority and bureaucracy.In the short stories "Somewhere a Voice" and "The Army Comes to Venus", his work has a deeper and more serious tone in which the spiritual aspects of humanity's efforts shine through. <mask>'s prose displays a rare sense of irony and wit, and does the reader the compliment of presenting the story in an indirect fashion so that he has an investment in the tale, was stated by ScottConnors in his review of <mask>'s book Darker Tides. <mask>'s stories were examples of the need for exploration of alternative futures. <mask>'s short story "Jay Score" is unusual because it doesn't show a black character in a stereotypical way. This story is an example of a science fiction story in which a spaceship is crewed by a multi-ethnic, mixed human/non-human complement. The Star Trek. "mind your own business", which appears frequently in the novella "And Then There Were None", is believed to have been originated by <mask>.<mask> was paid almost 5000 dollars by the Beatles's company Apple Corps in 1970 for the motion picture rights to his novel. The film was one of the most lucrative deals <mask> ever made. Study in Still Life was written by <mask> of Hanoi and features in his story "Now Inhale".

masks:
Eric Frank Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Eric Frank
Russell
Eric Frank
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell
Russell Tower


texts: <mask> was an American film character actor who began in the silent era and appeared in more than 400 films in his 38 year career. <mask>'s acting career goes back almost to the beginning of the commercial film industry in the United States, as he was born in Lafayette, Indiana in 1889. In 1910, he made his first silent film, a comedy short called A Dog on Business. <mask> played a character called "Slippery Slim" in 80 movies and appeared in dozens of films every year. He was in the "Snakeville" series. In the sound era, <mask> continued to work continuously and constantly, playing small parts and sometimes uncredited bit parts, all primarily comic roles due to his height. <mask> wrote and directed on several occasions.He directed two silent shorts in the 1920s and contributed to the story for Saxophobia in 1927. He wrote the story for Inside Information in 1934 and was the dialogue director for The Big Chance in 1933. Million Dollar Haul and Hot Off the Press were written by him in 1935. <mask> appeared in nine films written and directed by Sturges in the 1940s. <mask> died on March 8, 1947. The final film he worked on was called Relentless. The Good-for-Nothing (1914) - Old Clerk His Regeneration is an uncredited film.Noisy Johnson The Loaded Door and Slim A Tailor-Made Man are examples. Western Frontier (1935) - Slim, Trails End, Red The Girlfriend, Small Town Farmer, Waterfront Lady, Alex She Couldn't Take It.

masks:
Victor Potel
Victor Potel
Potel
Potel
Potel
Potel
Potel


texts: <mask> was a Dutch painter, sculptor, and poet. He studied at the Rijksakademie in Amsterdam in the 1940s and started painting MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE He was one of the founding members of the movement. He was an avid sculptor and had his works featured in a number of museums. <mask> was born on April 25, 1921, in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. He was called 'Kik' as a child. His father had a barbershop on the ground floor.His mother was a descendant of French Huguenots. He had three brothers. His first real painting was a still life of a fruit basket. His uncle gave him an easel and a paint set for his birthday. He gave his namesake some lessons in painting. Corneille and Constant were close friends for many years after they met at the Rijksakademie van Beelden Kunstdeen in Amsterdam, where <mask> studied during the German occupation. He needed to hide from the German police so that he wouldn't be picked up and sent to Germany to work in the weapons industry, because his parents opposed his choice to become an artist.His first show was in Groningen. There was a huge scandal and many objections in the press and public when he participated in the museum in 1949. He was influenced by a number of artists. He painted the sculptures in bright colors: white, red, yellow, blue, and black. The young Dutch painters were joined by him. The Belgian writer joined the group later. The Dutch artists Corneille, Constant, and Jan Nieuwenhuys, as well as the Belgian poet Christian Dotremont, joined CoBrA in 1948.The new art of the CoBrA group was not popular in the Netherlands, but it was warmly received in the Danes. One of the sources of inspiration for the Danes was Nordic mythology. The exchange of the typical 'childish' and'spontaneous' picture language used by the CoBrA group was encouraged by the collective painting of the insides of houses. The 1949 fresco 'Questioning Children' in Amsterdam City Hall caused controversy and was covered up for ten years. As a result of this controversy and other negative Dutch reactions to CoBrA, <mask> moved to Paris in 1950 and developed his international reputation by travelling to Mexico, the USA, Yugoslavia, and Brazil. He lived in Florence and New York City. The Martha Jackson Gallery was where his first American gallery exhibition took place.Child and Beast II was included in the influential exhibition, The New Decade at the Museum of Modern Art which featured the work of twenty-two European painters and sculptors including newcomers like Jean Dubuffet. He is well known for his mural work. He had several big shows in Amsterdam and Bruxelles after 1990 and was more popular in the Netherlands. There were several shows featuring his work. He was the most famous Dutch artist. The work of <mask> has been exhibited in a number of galleries. <mask> died in his home in Zrich.He had a heart problem. He was buried on 16 May 2006 in Paris, France. The Oeuvre Catalogue of the paintings, the works on paper, and the Karel Appel Foundation were established years before his death. A number of <mask>'s works went missing on their way to his foundation, an event that was not to be resolved before his death. The works were found in a UK warehouse in 2012 and returned to the foundation. The Foundation, which is based in Amsterdam, functions as his official estate in addition to its primary service as an image archive after his death. The Artists Rights Society is the U.S. copyright representative.The Museum de Fundatie, Zwolle, The Netherlands is one of the public collections holding works by <mask> <mask>. There were drawings and Gouaches. Berlin: Verlag Gachnang & Springer, 1999. Further reading Kuspit, Donald. "Titanic Power: <mask> <mask> in the Tradition of the New". The drama is about modern art as group therapy. London: ziggurat.pp. Amsterdam (Netherlands); 13–45. The museum is in the Netherlands. The New York Times published an obituary of the Dutch artist, who died at the age of 85.

masks:
Christiaan Karel Appel
Christiaan Karel Appel
Appel
Appel
Appel
Death Appel
Appel
Karel
Appel
Karel
Appel


texts: <mask> is a Sudanese citizen and paymaster for al-Qaeda. Qosi was held in Cuba for more than a year after being held in the United States. His serial number is 54. <mask>i was charged with low-level support of al-Qaeda and was held for ten years and six months. Qosi was transferred to Sudan by the Obama Administration in July 2012 after pleading guilty in a plea bargain in 2010 and serving a short sentence. He was to be held in custody and participate in Sudan's re-integration program before being allowed to return to his hometown. After his release, <mask> moved to Yemen and joined Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, appearing in video releases by the group and taking a leadership role in it.The reward for information leading to the identification or location of <mask> was $4 million in November. <mask> <mask> was born in Sudan. He has a younger brother. He has two daughters with one of Tabarak's daughters. <mask> was recruited by Sudanese jihadists in 1990 and traveled to Afghanistan, where he trained at a camp outside of Khost. He returned to Sudan two years later to work in currency trading. He fought in the First Chechen War as a mortar operator in the First Chechen War.He aided in the fight against the Northern Alliance in Afghanistan from 1998 to 2001. He was captured by the Pakistan authorities while trying to cross the Afghan-Pakistani borders. He was held in a prison in Pakistan for over a month before being taken to a US facility. He was transferred to Gitmo on January 13, 2002. <mask> was the first captive to face charges. He was not accused of being a member of al Qaeda's leadership, only of simple support tasks. He was sentenced in July 2010 after pleading guilty.He was transferred to Sudan in July 2012 after completing a shortened sentence, and was to participate in Sudan's re-integration program for former prisoners. The Bush Presidency claimed that captives in the "war on terror" could be held indefinitely without charge and without an open and transparent review of their justifications. In 2004, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the captives at Gitmo were entitled to be informed of the allegations justifying their imprisonment and to try to refute them. The Office for the Administrative Review of Detained Enemy Combatants was set up by the Department of Defense. On September 4, 2004, a summary of evidence memo was prepared for his Combatant Status Review Tribunal. One of the captives who had faced charges before a military commission was listed by the scholars as one of the captives still held in Gitmo. The military alleges that one of the captives is a member of Al Qaeda.The military alleges that one of the captives traveled to Afghanistan for jihad. The military alleges that one of the captives took military or terrorist training in Afghanistan. The military alleges that <mask> Qosi fought for the Taliban. The military alleges that <mask> Mahmoud <mask>i was one of the captives. One of the captives was listed as an "al Qaeda operative". One of the captives "who have been charged before military commissions and are alleged Al Qaeda operatives" was listed. According to the military's allegations against them, <mask> Qosi made no statement to the CSRT or ARB tribunals.The petition was filed on Al Qosi's behalf. More than 200 captives had petitions filed on their behalf after the United States Supreme Court ruled that they had the right to challenge their imprisonment. The Detainee Treatment Act of 2005 and the Military Commissions Act of 2006 were passed by Congress at the request of the Bush administration. The Combatant Status Review Tribunals of 179 captives were published by the Department of Defense. Unclassified documents from Al Qosi's Tribunal were not given an explanation by the Department of Defense. The United States Supreme Court ruled in June of 2008 that the MCA was unconstitutional for attempting to deprive the captives of their constitutional right to habeas corpus. Detained people can access the US federal courts directly.The Joint Task Force Guantanamo assessment was published on April 25, 2011. Al-<mask>'s assessment was eleven pages long. Mark H. Buzby was the camp commandant. According to the report, <mask> was non-hostile to the guard force and staff. On February 24, 2004, <mask>i was charged before a military commission. According to the U.S., he joined al-Qaeda in 1989 and worked as a driver and bodyguard for Osama bin Laden. He was said to have been the business's treasurer.He was indicted along with another person. Detained people can consult with military defense lawyers assigned by the government to prepare their defenses. Al Qosi was charged with conspiracy to commit war crimes, including attacking civilians, murder, destruction of property, and terrorism. Lieutenant Colonel Sharon Shaffer was appointed as <mask>i's defense lawyer. The prosecution was not giving her the information she needed for her defense of <mask>i. She said that <mask>i had told her that the translation at his military commission was not good enough for him to understand what was happening. She resigned as <mask>i's attorney.The commission was assured that all resources would be devoted to obtaining the most accurate translations. The legal action against Qosi was suspended on November 9, 2004, after the US District Court Justice James Robertson ruled that the military commission violated international agreements. The four people who were charged by the military commission were all affected by this ruling. In 2005, a three-judge appeals panel overturned Robertson's ruling. The Supreme Court ruled in 2006 that the president does not have the authority to establish military commissions. The Military Commissions Act of 2006 included a provision to suspend access to the courts in the US. The military commission authorized by the Military Commissions Act of 2006 was used to prosecute <mask>i and Ali Hamza Suleiman Al Bahlul.<mask> Qosi was granted access to the telephone. On May 22, 2008, Lieutenant Colonel Nancy Paul ordered that <mask> Qosi be allowed to call home. The phone call was made in error. Qosi refused to leave his cell to meet with Commander Suzanne Lachelier, his assigned legal counsel, and the Camp's security rules prevent her from going to his cell to talk to him, so they have never discussed his case. <mask> <mask> told Paul he didn't want to be represented by an American lawyer. He said that he was unable to hire a lawyer because he had not been in contact with his family since he was arrested. Commander Storum reported that the call had been completed and that he had spoken with his family for an hour.Storum sent an apology to reporters on May 23, 2008, after she said the phone call had not been completed. When I said that <mask>i's call was complete, I was wrong. I wrongly said that <mask>i's call was completed in order to clarify the current status of the program. I apologize for the mistake. Suzanne Lachelier, <mask>-Qosi's appointed counsel, told Carol Rosenberg of the Miami Herald that she was surprised to learn that the call had been completed. When she found out the call had already been completed, she started co-ordinating with the Red Cross to set up his family for the call. The original statement Thursday struck some observers as extraordinary for its speed and coordination between the prison camp and the war court.The phone call had to be arranged by July 1, 2008. The Military Commissions Act of 2006 was ruled unconstitutional by the US Supreme Court. Military commissions have been suspended. On July 15, 2009, <mask>i had his first hearing. The electronic audio management equipment the court received in 2008 failed to function properly, according to Carol Rosenberg. <mask>'s defense team told the presiding officer that they were concerned that the prosecution was imposing improper delays. On October 21, 2009, The Barack Obama Presidency was granted a continuation.The Department of Defense needed to create regulations to implement the Military Commissions Act of 2009, which was amended by Congress. The military commissions for five other captives were granted more time. <mask> Qosi did not show up. Paul ruled that the charges against Al Qosi should be limited to the crimes he was accused of in Afghanistan. She ruled that the crimes he was accused of committing when al Qaeda was based in Sudan were not covered by the military commission system. Paul scheduled hearings for January 6, 2010, to determine if Al Qosi met the eligibility criteria as an illegal enemy combatant as laid out in the Military Commissions Act of 2006. The military commission would only be able to try him if he was classified as a terrorist.When Congress passed the Military Commissions Act of 2009, Paul was the first presiding officer of a military commission to address the changes. The government had not finished drafting the rules of procedure under the act, which was critical of Paul for proceeding with the Commission. The details of <mask>'s guilty plea under a plea bargain deal have not been made public. He was going to be sentenced on August 9, 2010. Al-<mask> was recommended to serve 14 years in prison by a military jury. <mask>-<mask>'s conviction was overturned on appeal because he had pleaded guilty to "providing material support for terrorism". At the time the acts were committed, the charge was not a crime.The precedent of the over-turning the convictions of other men convicted of the same charge led to the attempt to have <mask>i's conviction overturned. The United States Court of Military Commission Review refused to provide funds for McCormick to travel to Sudan to consult with <mask>i because she couldn't prove she had an attorney-client relationship with him. Since she couldn't prove she had an attorney-client relationship, she wasn't allowed to file motions on <mask>i's behalf. On May 1, 2015, three Judges of the DC Circuit Court of Appeals confirmed that she couldn't prove she had an attorney-client relationship. Steve Vladeck, a professor of Law who specializes in security matters, said that the USCMCR's decision to deny funds to McCormick because she couldn't document that she remained in contact with <mask>i was circular. Paul Reichler, <mask>i's lawyer, said that <mask>i will enter a Sudan government "re-integration program" when he returns to Sudan. He was moved to his hometown.Nine other former Gitmo inmates went through the program and did not re-offend. In December 2015, <mask> was featured in a video released by al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula. The footage showed him and other al-Qaeda veterans. In the AQAP magazine "Inspire" Spring 2016 issue, he gave an interview on the life and legacy of Osama bin Laden. Qosi praised <mask> Hasan and threatened the United States. "Bin Laden's cook is moved to isolation in Gitmo" is an External link.

masks:
Ibrahim al Qosi
Ibrahim al Qos
Al Qosi
Al Qosi
Ibrahim Al
Qosi
Qosi
Qosi
Ibrahim al
Ibrahim Ahmed
al Qos
Ibrahim al
Qosi
al Qosi
al Qos
al Qos
al Qos
al Qos
al Qos
al Qos
Ibrahim al
Ibrahim al
Ibrahim Al
Qosi
al Qos
al Qos
Ibrahim al
al Qos
Al Qosi
Ibrahim al
al Qosi
Qosi
al
Qosi
al Qos
al Qos
al Qos
al Qos
al Qos
al Qos
al Qosi
Nidal


texts: <mask> was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang dynasty and served as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xianzong. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, <mask> was born. The Tang dynasty's imperial Li clan is considered to be one of the five most prominent Han clans of Northern Wei, but his family was not part of that clan. It is related to the Warring States period State of Li Mu, as well as officials of the Han dynasty, the Jin dynasty, and the FormerYan. During the reign of the Emperor, <mask>'s grandfather <mask> served as a supervisorial official at the Ministry of Rites. They were known for their virtuosity. <mask>, the father of <mask>, served as a circuit governor during the reign of Emperor Dezong.<mask> was said to be studious in his youth. <mask> left <mask> a lot of money. When relatives arrived to mourn <mask>, he allowed to take things as they wished, and thereafter continued to be charitable with the wealth; within several years, the wealth that <mask> left was spent, and the household was poor. When <mask> was in his 40s, he was not yet serving as an official, and he was studying at a different prefecture. He didn't have enough money for his household to use. He did not mind that he was disliked by his wife. Du Ya invited <mask> to serve as a secretary under him because he had been friendly with <mask>.There was a major robbery when <mask> was in charge. Du believed the false accusations, tortured <mask>hu, and got a confession from him. When <mask>'s arguments were rejected, <mask> resigned. <mask> became famous when Song Jutan was captured. The military governor of Xusihao Circuit invited <mask> to serve on his staff after a succession crisis, consenquencies, and minor issues. When Zhang became ill, one of his subordinates, Du Jian, the prefect of one of Xusihao's prefectures, was scheming to succeed him, and therefore, without his orders. <mask> told Du that if he didn't return to Hao Prefecture immediately, he would report it to the government.The imperial government initially planned to replace Zhang with his son, but the forces of the prefecture rebelled and supported his son. After forces commanded by Du You were defeated, the imperial government capitulated. <mask> left the prefecture and returned to the prefecture. The emperor was accused of having encouraged the rebellion of the Xu Prefecture troops by Du Jian, who was angry at how <mask> took away his chance to control Xusihao. Du You was ordered to execute <mask> by Emperor Dezong. Du You didn't have the heart to do it. He told <mask> that he did not fear death.The petition defending <mask> was submitted by Du You. <mask> was summoned to Chang'an to meet the emperor personally. After meeting <mask>, an official at the Palace Library concluded that <mask> was not guilty of treason. The official Wang Chun wanted to promote <mask> if he showed submission, but <mask> refused to meet him. <mask>'s fellow junior officials had many associates and often met to drink. They invited <mask> to join them because of his reputation. He refused to join them again because he disliked how they gamed and used frivolous language.<mask> became a low-level official under one of the secretaries general at the executive bureau of government. Emperor Dezong died and was succeeded by his son Emperor Shunzong. The emperor created his son <mask> crown prince. The popular sentiment at the time was that it was inappropriate for Wang Chun to change his name to Wang Shao because <mask> was not emperor. The officials who did not understand what was important undermined every dynasty in history. Wang Shao's actions were not unusual. During Emperor Xianzong's reign Offices in the capital, he passed the throne to <mask>, who was severely ill.<mask> was made a low-level official at the ministry of civil service affairs and then promoted to a supervisorial official. When he was in charge of low-level officials, he made inappropriate commissions after being misled by his messengers. He was demoted to a supervisorial official at the archival bureau. He was made the deputy principal of the imperial university. He reviewed drafts of imperial edicts. He would write his comments on the yellow paper when he saw improprieties in the edicts. The officials requested that he write on white paper and attach it to the draft edict, but he said he would be writing a petition.<mask> was often recommended to be a chancellor by Pei Ji. As Emperor Xianzong believed that Zheng Yin was too silent to be chancellor, he removed him and made <mask> Shilang the deputy head of the examination bureau. <mask> hid nothing from Emperor Xianzong and was respected by him. The Emperor entered into a peace treaty with Tufan based on the recommendations of <mask> and Pei. Emperor Xianzong and the chancellors had a discussion about gods and whether they existed. According to <mask>, Emperor Xianzong was starting to ponder to take various medications to seek immortality, and that Emperor Taizong's ancestors failed in their attempts to achieve immortality. <mask> told Emperor Xianzong that he would achieve the lifespan of the mythical emperors if he sought peace in the realm.frugality was advocated by <mask>. Wang E bribed Emperor Xianzong so he wouldn't oppose the regional governor's pretensions. The emperor ordered <mask> and Deyu to give Wang E the title of chancellor. <mask> crossed out the words "and chancellor" in Wang's commission to show his opposition. "You can oppose it, but how is crossing out the words on the appropriate edict?" asked Quan, who also opposed Wang's commission. "This is urgent," <mask> said. If the edict was issued, then it can't be changed.The sun is setting. We don't have enough time to oppose it. The matter of giving Wang the chancellor title was dropped after Emperor Xianzong heard <mask>'s and Quan's oppositions. After Pei resigned due to illness, <mask> was made chancellor to replace him, over <mask>'s opposition. <mask> resented <mask>. After he arrived at Chang'an, he argued that it was inappropriate for the military governorship of the Zhangyi Circuit to be given to the man who was the Chancellor at the time, <mask>. After <mask>'s argument caused Emperor Xianzong to be displeased, <mask> was removed as chancellor and made the head of the household of Emperor Xianzong's son and crown prince.<mask> was summoned by Emperor Xianzong to have discussions with him. Before he could leave Chang'an, <mask> died and was given posthumous honors. He was admired for his integrity, despite the fact that he was not as capable as Pei and not as stern. There are notes and references to the Old Book of Tang. 149. The new book is called Tang. 169.There are three vols. 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, 236, Chancellors under Emperor Xianzong of Tang had 754 births and 814 deaths.

masks:
Li Fan
Li Fan
Li Fan
Li She
Li Cheng
Li Fan
Li Fan
Li Cheng
Li Fan
Li Cheng
Li Cheng
Li Fan
Li Fan
Li Cheng
Li Fan
Ling
Linghu
Li Fan
Li Fan
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li Chun
Li Chun
Li Chun
Li Fan
Li
Li Menxia
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li Jifu
Li Fan
Li Jifu
Li Fan
Li Fan
Li Jifu
Li Fan
Li Fan
Li Fan


texts: The Polish member of the Russian revolutionary society was <mask>. He gained a lot of attention for his involvement in the bombing attack. He threw the bomb that killed the person and wounded himself. He died the same day as he outlived his victim. Alexander II's assassination was believed to cause a political or social revolution to overthrow the tsarist autocracy. The assassination strengthened the resolve of the state to crush the revolutionary movement, which led to the movement's decline. The earliest occurrence of suicide terrorism has been attributed to <mask>'s role in the assassination.In Bobruysky Uyezd of Minsk Governorate, in the present-day Klichaw District, Mogilev Region, a large family hails from Grodno Governorate. He was the son of a Polish gentry. Lev Tikhomirov said that he was his former comrade. He called himself a litvin and not a Pole. He was considered a Russified Pole by Tikhomirov and he was also proficient in both Russian and Polish. When he was reproached for not participating in the Polish movements, he replied, "When you start partisan fighting, I will be with you." I will work for Russia's freedom when you don't do anything.After graduating from a gymnasium in Byelostok with the highest academic rank, Hryniewiecki left to enroll in mechanical engineering at the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology. He was involved with the underground Russian revolutionary movement Narodnaya Volya in 1879 and contributed financial support to it. He was dismissed from the institute for not attending lectures. In that year, working under the names "Kitten" and "Mikesh Ivanovich", Hryniewiecki was involved in anti-Government activities and disseminated revolutionary propaganda among students and workers. He organized the underground literature at a printing establishment. According to contemporary descriptions, Hryniewiecki was of medium height, had a beard and was good-natured and taciturn. In the fall of 1880, Hryniewiecki and five others were tasked with monitoring the various departure routes of the Tsar following his regular Sunday review of the troops at Mikhailovskii Riding School.On February 26, 1881, their observations were discussed in a meeting at Hryniewiecki's apartment, where he had been living under the name Elnikov. The executive committee decided to lay a mine under Malaya Sadovaya Street because they observed that the Tsar traveled there frequently. He could avoid the underground mine by turning into Italyanskaya Street and following the Catherine Canal. Bomb-throwers were needed to manned the canal. In the parlance of revolutionary terrorism, Hryniewiecki was designated a bomb-thrower. The bombs were designed so that they could be thrown at moving objects. The bombs were 5–6 pounds and contained a mixture of nitroglycerine and pyroxylin.A group of people, including <mask>, gathered at a secret meeting to test bombs in a suburban park. On Sunday morning, 13 March, Old Style, Hryniewiecki and the three other bomb-throwers gathered at the group's flat on Telezh. The men would have one missile each from Sophia Perovskaya and Kibalchich. They sat in a store near the Gostiny Dvor waiting for the right time to intercept Alexander II's cavalcade before heading to the Catherine Canal. He was the only one who could eat a portion. They went from there to the canal. He smiled at her and gave her a wink as he passed her on the quay.He went to his death with no fear or anxiety. The imperial carriage was stopped by the conspirators at a street corner near the Catherine Canal. The bomb-throwers would proceed with the attack if Perovskaya waved her handkerchief. Several bystanders and members of the equipage were wounded when the bomb was thrown at the carriage. Alexander left his carriage to see his attacker captured. Instead of returning to the palace posthaste, the Tsar decided to survey the spot where the explosion occurred. He said, "Thank God, I escaped injury."He decided to drive away and walk back to the carriage. At this point, Hryniewiecki was leaning against the railing by the canal fence with a bomb in his hand. According to some sources, Hryniewiecki shouted "it is too soon to thank God" after hearing the Tsar's expression of gratitude. He raised his arms and threw a bomb at the man. Alexander died at 3:30PM on that day. One bystander was killed and many more were wounded by Hryniewiecki's bomb. The third bomber, Ivan Emelyanov, rushed to the scene to see if Hryniewiecki could still be spirited away in the chaos, but found him gravely wounded and unconscious from the blast.The infirmary was attached to the Winter Palace. He regained consciousness at 9 PM. He said "I don't know" to the police at his bedside who had been questioning him about his name and rank. He died from his wounds at 10:30 PM. In April 1881, Aftermath <mask>'s identity was established. He was referred to as "the person who died on March 1 and lived under the false name of Elnikov" during the trial of the tsaricides. Zhelyabov refused to identify his body during his confession.The first bomb thrower and turncoat was unable to reveal his true name because he only knew his party's names. His name was revealed by the arrested member of People's Will. His relations in his hometown as well as members of the Technological Institute corroborate this. The assassination was supposed to cause a political or social revolution. Alexander III was forced to abrogate many of his predecessor's reforms. The executive committee was weakened by a number of arrests and intensified police patrols. The assassination was seen by many historians as a Pyrrhic victory and a sign of the decline of the revolutionary movement.The role of a bomb-thrower was known to carry with it the likelihood of death, and the designated bomb-throwers such as Hryniewiecki accepted a suicide mission. He is sometimes considered to be the first suicide bomber. Alexander's assassination on Catherine Canal led to the construction of a chapel and a cathedral called the Savior on the Blood. In 1975, the bridge near the scene of the incident was named after Hryniewiecki. There were people from the Klichaw District and people from Bobruysky Uyezd who were from the Russian Empire.

masks:
Ignacy Hryniewiecki
Hryniewiecki
Hryniewiecki
Hryniewiecki