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<mask> is a Scottish nurse and aid worker who contracted Ebola virus disease in 2014 while working in Sierra Leone as part of the medical aid effort during the West African Ebola virus epidemic. She survived the illness. Initial admission to hospital
On 29 December 2014, <mask>, who had just returned to Glasgow from Sierra Leone via Casablanca Airport and London Heathrow Airport, was diagnosed with Ebola virus disease at Glasgow's Gartnavel General Hospital. She had been working at an Ebola treatment centre in Kerry Town in Sierra Leone, and it is thought she contracted the virus as a result of wearing a visor, as recommended by the World Health Organization and the UK Ministry of Defence, instead of goggles. After initial treatment in Glasgow, she was transferred by air to RAF Northolt, then to the specialist high-level isolation unit at the Royal Free Hospital in London for longer-term treatment. A Scottish government spokesman described the risk to the general public as "extremely low to the point of negligible" due to the very early stage of the infection at the time of detection. Contact tracing was carried out on the other passengers who traveled on the flight from London to Glasgow with her.Medical staff described her condition at the time as "as well as we can hope for at this stage." On 4 January 2015, the Royal Free Hospital announced that her condition had deteriorated to critical, with her health later stabilising before she was declared no longer critically ill on 12 January. Cafferkey received blood plasma from William Pooley and has been treated with experimental drugs as part of her treatment. On 24 January, she was declared to be free of infection, and released from hospital. 2015 readmission to hospital
The prognosis after recovery from Ebola virus disease can include joint pains, muscular pain, skin peeling, or hair loss. In a media interview in September 2015, <mask> said "I’ve had trouble with my thyroid, lost some of my hair and get really sore joints but I guess side effects are to be expected." It was found in 2015 that, after an apparent complete cure, with the bloodstream, saliva and organs such as the liver free of the Ebola virus, it can linger on in parts of the body not protected by the immune system, including fluid in the eye, the central nervous system and, in men, the testes and semen.<mask> went to a 24-hour GP clinic in New Victoria Hospital in Glasgow on the night of 5 October 2015 and was diagnosed with "a virus" (unspecified) and sent home. 24 hours later she was admitted to Queen Elizabeth University Hospital where she was diagnosed with late complications caused by the Ebola virus hitherto considered unusual, and was flown by military jet to London, to the Royal Free Hospital. Her condition was initially described as serious and she was being treated in the high-level isolation unit. Doctors discovered that, after she had been deemed cured, the virus had remained in her cerebrospinal fluid and feared that it might be in her central nervous system. Personnel in Scotland monitored those whom she had come into contact with, since the virus can be spread through exposure to the infected person's body fluids, though they said the risk was likely to be small. Cafferkey's condition declined rapidly, and on 14 October 2015 she was reported to be critically ill. Five days later, on 19 October 2015, the Royal Free Hospital announced that: "<mask>'s condition has improved to serious but stable". On 21 October 2015 Dr Michael Jacobs, Cafferkey's doctor at the Royal Free Hospital, said at a televised press conference that Cafferkey was suffering from neurological complications from meningitis caused by Ebola virus, and had not been re-infected with Ebola, was being treated using a highly experimental anti-viral agent called GS5734, and had significantly improved, although she remained in an isolation tent and was not well enough to get out of bed.On 12 November the Royal Free Hospital said that <mask> had made a full recovery and was no longer infectious. She was transferred to Glasgow's Queen Elizabeth University Hospital. 2016 readmissions
In February 2016, <mask> was admitted to Glasgow's Queen Elizabeth University Hospital after "routine monitoring by the Infectious Diseases Unit". On the same day she was transferred by a RAF plane to London where she was readmitted to the Royal Free Hospital. In a statement the Royal Free said she had been transferred to the hospital "due to a late complication from her previous infection by the Ebola virus" and that she was being treated by the hospital's infectious diseases team. On 24 February the hospital described her condition as "stable". On 28 February <mask> was discharged by the Royal Free Hospital.A spokesman said, "We can confirm that <mask> is not infectious. The Ebola virus can only be transmitted by direct contact with the blood or bodily fluids of an infected person while they are symptomatic." On 6 October 2016 she was readmitted to the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital to be monitored by the infectious diseases team. A NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde spokeswoman said that she was in a stable condition and undergoing investigations. In the evening of the same day a statement was issued stating that tests for the Ebola virus were negative. Investigations
In 2014, due to the fact that Cafferkey had passed through border controls and travelled on a domestic flight from Heathrow to Glasgow, criticism was levelled at current screening protocols at UK points of entry, which mainly consisted of taking a person's temperature and asking a series of questions. Public Health England stated that they were planning a review of the screening procedures.In 2016, the Nursing and Midwifery Council initiated proceedings against <mask>, alleging that she had allowed an incorrect temperature to be recorded during the screening process upon returning to the UK from Sierra Leone in 2014. Following a two-day hearing in Edinburgh during September 2016, the charges against <mask> were dismissed and she was cleared of any wrongdoing. The disciplinary panel was told that she had been impaired by illness at the time and heard evidence about how the Public Health England screening centre at Heathrow Airport had been unprepared for a large influx of passengers and that it was "busy, disorganised and even chaotic". BBC Scotland reporter Philip Sim wrote: "It now seems as if the case against <mask> had fallen apart before the hearing even began - raising questions as to why she had to go through it in the first place". In November 2016, a second panel criticised fellow volunteer senior nurse Donna Wood for suggesting "let's put it down as 37.2 and get out of here and sort it out later". Wood was suspended for two months for failing to alert the authorities about <mask>'s condition. Hannah Ryan, the doctor that agreed to record the incorrect temperature, was suspended for one month by the Medical Practitioners Tribunal in March 2017.Subsequent events
In April 2017, <mask> announced she would return to Sierra Leone in May to raise funds for Ebola survivors and children orphaned by the disease. In June 2019, <mask> gave birth to twin sons in a hospital in Glasgow, at the age of 43. In a statement, she said "this shows that there is life after Ebola and there is a future for those who have encountered this disease". See also
 Ebola virus disease in the United Kingdom

References

External links
 BBC News profile of <mask>
 The Scotsman: Scottish nurse <mask>’s Ebola diary

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
1970s births
Ebola survivors
 Scottish nurses

masks:
Pauline Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Pauline Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Pauline
Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Pauline Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Cafferkey
Pauline Cafferkey
Pauline Cafferkey


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<mask> (born <mask>; September 4, 1907 – August 21, 1999) was an Italian-American art dealer. His gallery showcased  contemporary art for five decades. Among the movements which <mask> showed were Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Neo-Dada, Pop Art, Op Art, Color field painting, Hard-edge painting,   Lyrical Abstraction, Minimal Art, Conceptual Art, and Neo-expressionism. Early life and career
<mask> was born <mask>, in Trieste, Austria-Hungary, the second of three children of Italian and Austro-Hungarian Jewish origin. His father was Ernest Krauss, a Hungarian by birth, who had gone to Trieste as a young man and married wealthy heiress <mask>, from a family of coffee importers which had long been based there. After World War I, which the family spent in Vienna (where <mask> learned perfect German), they returned to Trieste. The family changed its name to "Krausz-Castelli" and then "Castelli" in the mid-1930s, when Benito Mussolini's government required names to be Italianized.After earning a law degree at the University of Milan in 1924, <mask> returned to Trieste, where his father had secured a job for him with an insurance company. In 1932, he went to work for an insurance company in Bucharest, where he married Ileana Schapira one year later. After their marriage, the couple honeymooned in Vienna and bought their first artwork, a Matisse watercolor. <mask>'s father-in-law, Mihai Schapira, helped him to be transferred in 1935 to the Banca d'Italia in Paris. There, Ileana's taste and money helped him start his first gallery at Place Vendôme in Paris, which was named for its co-director, the decorator René Drouin, and situated between the Ritz Hotel and the couturier Elsa Schiaparelli. Specializing in surrealistic art, the gallery opened in July 1939, with a show of modern and antique furniture, including commissioned pieces by Drouin, Max Ernst, Meret Oppenheim, <mask> Fini (a former girlfriend of <mask>'s from Trieste), Eugene Berman, and other artists in the force field of Surrealism. Ileana's connections enabled the couple to flee to the United states at the start of World War II.<mask>'s parents did not escape but died in Budapest, hounded by members of Hungary's fascist Arrow Cross Party. The couple would remain married for more than 25 years, and were friends and partners even after their divorce, when Ileana married Michael Sonnabend and that couple opened its own gallery. <mask> arrived in the United States in 1941, by way of Marrakesh, Tangier, Algeciras, Vigo and Havana. He took graduate history courses in economic history  at Columbia University until volunteering for the Army, serving in the intelligence service in Europe. After the liberation of France, he was sent to Bucharest as an interpreter for the Allied commission that controlled the city. As a result of <mask>'s military service, he was given American citizenship. Returning to New York, <mask> took a managerial position with his father-in-law's clothing factory.Leo Castelli Gallery
In New York, the <mask>s were two of only three non-artist members (the other was dealer Charles Egan) of the Club, an influential coterie founded in 1949 that included Willem de Kooning, Robert Rauschenberg, Franz Kline, and Ad Reinhardt. <mask>'s first exercise as a private dealer came through Drouin, in 1947: some hundred canvases by Kandinsky, consigned by his widow, Nina. His first American curatorial effort was the Ninth Street Show of 1951, a seminal event in the emergence of Abstract Expressionism. He soon attached himself to the pioneering gallerist Sidney Janis, one of the early proponents of the school. In 1957, he opened the Leo Castelli Gallery in a townhouse at 4 E. 77th Street between Madison and Fifth Avenues in New York City. From the mid-1960s through the 1970s, the gallery was perhaps the most prominent commercial venue for art in the world. Initially the gallery showcased European Surrealism, Wassily Kandinsky, and other European artists.However the gallery also exhibited American Abstract Expressionism. Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Cy Twombly, Friedel Dzubas, and Norman Bluhm were some artists who were included in group shows. In 1958, Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper Johns joined the gallery, signaling a turning away from Abstract Expressionism, towards Pop Art, Minimalism and Conceptual Art. From the early 1960s through the late 70s, Frank Stella, Larry Poons, Lee Bontecou, James Rosenquist, Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, Robert Morris, Donald Judd, Dan Flavin, Cy Twombly, Ronald Davis, Ed Ruscha, Salvatore Scarpitta, Richard Serra, Bruce Nauman, Lawrence Weiner and Joseph Kosuth joined the stable of Castelli artists. He gave Johns, Stella and Lichtenstein their first one-man shows. Castelli opened a temporary annex, the Castelli Warehouse, on West 108th Street, with a show organized by Robert Morris, of environmental sculpture by nine artists, including Nauman, Serra, and Eva Hesse. In 1971 <mask> opened a downtown SoHo branch of the Leo Castelli Gallery at 420 West Broadway, in a building bought by the Hague Art Delivery Company and a cooperative of dealers: <mask> took the second floor; his former wife's Sonnabend Gallery took the third floor, and André Emmerich (later replaced by Charles Cowles) took the top floor; while John Weber, (former director of the Dwan Gallery) rented his gallery on the fourth floor.In the 1980s, <mask> opened a second larger downtown exhibition space at a 142 Greene Street also in SoHo. He later mounted joint shows with Mary Boone, of Julian Schnabel, in 1981, and David Salle, in 1982. <mask> also pioneered a stipend system that was unknown in New York when he opened his gallery. He put his artists on a payroll whether or not their work sold. For this and other reasons, desertions were initially rare among his artists. When <mask> discovered Serra in 1967, for example, he offered him a guarantee of three years of monthly payments even though he did not expect to sell any of the unknown sculptor's lead-plate work in that time. <mask> also was known for spotting new talent and insisting on European exposure for his American artists, leading to Rauschenberg in 1964 becoming the first American to win the Venice Biennale's international grand prize in painting.His most important clients included Peter Ludwig and Giuseppe Panza. <mask>'s second wife, Antoinette Fraissex du Bost, opened Castelli Graphics, an art gallery devoted to the prints and photographs of Castelli Gallery and other artists. The couple also had a son together, Jean-<mask>, but Antoinette <mask> died in 1987. In 1995 <mask> married the Italian art historian Barbara Bertozzi <mask>. In 2015, Bertozzi <mask> opened a one-room satellite gallery at 1046 Madison Avenue, near 80th Street, with Robert Morris's installation Lead and Felt (1969). Recognition
<mask> received the rosette of the French Legion of Honor, allegedly in exchange for donating works by Johns to the Centre Pompidou. The mayor of Trieste made him the honorary director of the Revoltella Museum.In 1998, the National Arts Club awarded <mask> its Centennial Medal of Honor. On this occasion, Dennis Hopper called <mask> "the godfather of the contemporary art world." In 1982 a traveling exhibit honoring the 25th anniversary of Castelli Gallery visited the La Jolla Museum of Contemporary Art. The Museum of Art, Fort Lauderdale, showed "Three Decades of Exploration: Homage to <mask>", an exhibit of more than 30 works by artists discovered, shown and encouraged by <mask> in 1987. That same year, the Butler Institute of American Art presented "<mask>: a tribute exhibition". In 1996, Gagosian Gallery mounted the exhibition "<mask>: An Exhibition in Honor of His Gallery and Artists" in Beverly Hills. Legacy
Many artists have enshrined <mask> in their works.Elaine de Kooning and Richard Artschwager painted his portrait, Warhol made a silkscreen of him in a jacket and tie. Frank Stella named a work after him, in 1992 he posed for the French artist Klaus Guingand who immortalized his shadow, and a sculpture by Robert Morris, <mask>, places a brain at the center of a target. In 1999, on the occasion of <mask>'s death, Time published a eulogy by James Rosenquist. In 1988, when there were no tax deductions for gifts to museums, <mask> gave one of the icons of postwar American art, Robert Rauschenberg's Bed (1955) to the Museum of Modern Art. In 1992, amid rumors that <mask> was negotiating to sell his archives to the Getty Center in Los Angeles, his collection was said to be worth some $2 million. In October 2007, <mask>'s heirs – his widow, Barbara Bertozzi <mask>, and his two children, Jean-Christopher <mask> and <mask> Sundell – announced the donation of the gallery's archives from 1957 through 1999 to the Smithsonian Institution's Archives of American Art. <mask> had been interviewed for the archive's oral-history project in 1969, 1973 and 1997.The <mask>elli Gallery continues to operate at 18 East 77th Street in New York under the direction of his wife showing many of the same artists from the gallery's past. The Leo Award, presented annually by the Independent Curators International (ICI), is named after the late <mask>. References

Further reading

External links
 Leo Castelli Gallery records, circa 1880-2000, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution
Oral History Interviews with the Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution:
Oral history interview with <mask>, 1969 May 14-1973 June 8 – includes audio excerpt
Oral history interview with <mask>, 1969 July
Oral history interview with <mask>, 1997 May 22
 Portrait by Robert Mapplethorpe from ArtNews "Portrait of the Art World" exhibition

1907 births
1999 deaths
American art collectors
American art dealers
Italian art dealers
Jewish art collectors
Austrian businesspeople
Austro-Hungarian Jews
20th-century Italian Jews
Italian emigrants to the United States
Italian people of Hungarian descent
Businesspeople from Trieste
20th-century American businesspeople

masks:
Leo Castelli
Leo Krausz
Castelli
Leo Castelli
Leo Krausz
Bianca Castelli
Leo Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Leonor
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Leo Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Christophe Castelli
Castelli
Leo Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Leo Castelli
Castelli
Leo Castelli
Leo Castelli
Castelli
Leo
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Castelli
Nina Castelli
Castelli
Leo Cast
Castelli
Leo Castelli
Leo Castelli
Leo Castelli


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<mask> () (1917–1977) was the founder of the theater named after Babur Osh, Kyrgyz Soviet film and theater actor. He was an honored artist of the Uzbek SSR (1974). Biography
<mask>ov born on 18 August 1917 in the city of Osh (Kyrgyzstan) in the family of employees. He was one of the founders of the Uzbek Drama Theater named after Kirov (now named Babur) Osh. He entered an actor in the theater in 1937. it is also the founder theater named after Kirov are his father Rahmonberdi Madazimov (since 1914), as well as his brother Urinboy Rahmonov (since 1927). In 1938 he was drafted into the Red Army. Participated in the Soviet-Finnish War, the defense of besieged Leningrad, served as a senior sergeant of the 95th Tank Brigade of the 9th Tank Corps of the 2nd Byelorussian Front.He participated in the liberation of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, Germany, the capture of Berlin and the Reichstag. He was awarded the Order of "Patriotic War" II degree (order number 9 TC 015/p from 23 August 1943), and numerous medals. After the war, <mask> Rakhmonov returned to work at the Osh State Uzbek Music and Drama Theater named after Babur and the rest of his life working their entertainer, he has played more than a hundred roles in theater and cinema. <mask> Rakhmonov died 7 April 1977 and was buried in the city of Osh. Filmography
1971 movie "Zahar Berkut". 1972 movie "The Street" ( "Kocho") (Kyrgyzfilm). Film "Zholbars" (Tiger) – Basmach (Kyrgyzfilm).Film "Azamat" (Uzbekfilm). Creative activity in the theater
1937 – Schiller "Intrigue and Love", Sh.Hurshid "Farhad and Shirin". 1938 – C. Goldoni "Servant of Two Masters", Sabir Abdullah, "Saber Uzbekistan". 1946 – Mukhtarov "Honor the women." 1947 – Uygun "Spring", Khurshid "Farhad and Shirin". 1948 – K. Trenyov "Red Tie", Uygun "Song of Life", Uygun "Oltinkol". 1949 – Fatkhullin "Petals", Hamid Olimjon "Semurg".1950 – Akram Ismail "Justice", Sabir Abdullah "Alpamysh". 1951 – Bokonbaev "Toktogul", Khurshid "Layla and Majnun". 1952 – Shukur Sadulla "Eriltosh", Mahmoud Rahmon "Joy", Abdulla Qahhor "Silk Suzani". 1953 – Izzat Sultan "Alisher Navoiy", Lysenko "Natalka Poltavka", K.Yashin "Nurkhon". 1954 – Shukur Sadulla "Feast on the field", Bahrom Rahmonov "Heart Secrets". 1955 – K.Yashin "Oftobhon", Rabindranath Tagore "The Girl of the Ganges River". 1956 – K.Yashin "Ravshan and Zulhumor", Fatkhullin "Love for the motherland", Ahmadov "Chest of secrets".1957 – Sabir Abdullah "Alpamysh", Samad Vurgun "Yulduz". 1958 – Hamid Olimjon "Oygul and Bakhtiyor", M.Shatrov "In the name of the revolution." 1959 – Tursun Sobirov "Orzigul", Ahmad Bobojon "Ashiq Qarib and Shahsanam", A.Bobozhon "Typhoon", Hamza "Secrets of the veil". 1960 – Kubanichbek Malikov "On high ground", Hamid Ghulam "Tashbalta love", Carlo Gozzi "Princess Turandot". 1961 – Rihsi Orifzhonov "If your head curve", K.Yashin "Dilorom". 1962 – Shukur Sadulla "Two bracelets", Beksulton Zhakiev "The fate of his father". 1963 – Muhammadjon Khairullayev "Child", Abdulla Qahhor "Voice from the grave", Yahёhon Mamatkhonov "Meli hobbon, Nabi tovon".1964 – Ahmad Bobojon "The tragedy of the poem", Baiseitov, Shangitboev "Dear girl", William Shakespeare "Othello", Kasymali Dzhantoshev "Devil Girl", Premchand "Nimantran". 1965 – Jamal Sahib "Guli siёh", Fatkhullin "Love in my youth", Kasymali Dzhantoshev "Mountain eagle", Izzat Sultan "Flight of the eagle". 1966 – Izzat Sultan "Unknown person", Sabir Abdullah "Gul and Navruz", Chingiz Aitmatov "Mother's field", Uygun "Parvon". 1967 – Alisher Navoiy "Dilorom", Adham Rahmat "Abdullah Nabiyev", Utkir Rashid "Matchmakers", Kasymali Dzhantoshev "Girl with a mustache". 1968 – Abdullah Kadiri "Scorpion from the altar", Anatoly Sofronov "Kookie married", Mirzabek Toybaev "New bride", Bekniezov, Ismailov "Between Two Fires", Abdugani Abdugafurov "Regret". 1969 – Nikolai Gogol "Marriage", Hamid Ghulam "Strange things", Sharof Rashidov "Mighty Wave", Mirzakalon Ismoiliy "When dawn rises over the Fergana". 1970 – T. Abdumomunov "Who laughs last", M. Ordubadi "Bride 5 som", Shukhrat "Cheap groom", Dimitris Psathas "Requires a liar".1971 – A.D. Ilovayskiy "The Adventures of Chandu", Guntekin "Cheating on Sharia", Ismailov Umarjon "Rustam", Suorun Omolloon "Before the Dawn". 1972 – Mukhtarov "Ferris generation", Toktobolot Abdumomunov "Girl Atabek", A.Abdugafurov "Baloyi nafs". 1973 – Abdukahhor Mannonov "Beginning of life", Alexander Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm", Hamid Ghulam "Tashbalta love", Saidmurod "Mountain Beauty". 1974 – A.Abdugafurov "Kuydirmagan kundosh", Jura Mahmudov "Beauty", Aaly Tokombaev "Ashirboy", Rihsi Orifzhonov "Crime without punishment", Saeed Ahmad "Bunt daughters". 1975 – Tursun Sabirov "Orzigul", Gogol "The Government Inspector", Umarahunov "Man from afar", Hutaev "Old people with young souls", Akram Ismail "Justice". 1976 – Mehribon Nazarov "Other hand", T. Abdumomunov "Do not tell anyone", Babahanov "Joker Ali", Akhmedov "The chest of secrets". 1977 – Papayan "Turmoil before the wedding", Nasrudin Baitemirov "Urkuya", A.Abdugafurov "Legacy of the fathers", Aaly Tokombaev "Pity for the animal".In addition, he has participated in numerous concerts. Personal life
Father: Rahmonberdi Madazimov (1875–1933). Mother: Bibihon (1884–1922). Wife Oyimhon (1929–1997). Children: Anzirathon (1951–2015), Muyassarhon (1955), Sanjarbek (1959–2012), Minurahon (1962), Muazzamhon (1964), Anwar (1969–2004). Honors
Order of the Patriotic War of 2 degrees (23 August 1943)
Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" (03.02.1968 year)
Jubilee Medal "50 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (25 October 1968 year)
Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (10.04.1970 year)
The sign "25 Years of Victory in Great Patriotic War" (1970)
Medal "Thirty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (21 November 1975 year)
Honored Artist of the Uzbek SSR (5 July 1974)
Honorary diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz SSR (10 February 1968)
Drummer 9 Five-year plan (28 January 1976)
Honorary diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz SSR (28 August 1974)
Honorary diploma of the Ministry of Culture of the Kirghiz SSR (1957)
and numerous medals as a veteran of the Great Patriotic War. Literature
Encyclopedia of Osh Region, section "Theatrical Life", page 110, published by the Academy of sciences of the Kirghiz SSR, 1987, the city of Frunze.A. Abdugafurov "Prominent sons of Osh", 2000, the city of Osh, page 129-130. A. Abdugafurov "Osh Academic Theatre", 2010, the city of Osh, page 6, 41, 45. See also
 Osh State Academic Uzbek Music and Drama Theater named after Babur
 Rahmonberdi Madazimov
 Urinboy Rahmonberdievich Rakhmonov

References

External links
Centrasia Persons
Celebrity Biographies
Soviet cinema and theater actors men
Archival documents Senior Sergeant Rakhmonov Zhurahon in TsAMO
Essay
Zhurahon Rahmonov Mushtum Journal
History of theater

1917 births
1977 deaths

Soviet male film actors
Soviet male stage actors
People from Osh
Soviet military personnel of World War II
Ethnic Uzbek people

masks:
Zhurahon Rahmonberdievich Rahmonov
Zhurahon Rakhmon
Zhurahon
Zhurahon


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<mask> (台約爾, 20 February 1804 – 24 October 1843) was a British Protestant Christian missionary to China in the Congregationalist tradition who worked among the Chinese in Malaysia. He arrived in Penang in 1827. <mask>, his wife Maria, and their family lived in Malacca and then in Singapore. He was known as a typographer for creating a steel typeface of Chinese characters for printing to replace traditional wood blocks. <mask>'s type was accurate, aesthetically pleasing, durable, and practical. Life in England
<mask> was born at the Royal Greenwich Hospital, England, to <mask> and Eliza (Seager). He was the fifth of the eight <mask> children.His father was a secretary of the Royal Hospital for Seaman and later became Chief clerk of the Admiralty in 1820. John was also an acquaintance of Robert Morrison, who was soon to become the first Protestant missionary to China. Morrison and his Chinese tutor Yong Sam-tek visited the <mask> home in Greenwich during Morrison's period of study in medicine and astronomy between 1805 and 1806. <mask> was schooled at home until he was 12 and then educated in a boarding school at Woolwich, in south-east London from 1816, superintended by the Rev. John Bickerdike, a minister with the English Dissenters. In 1820 he experienced a conversion to Christ at Thomas Wilson's Paddington Chapel, in Paddington, Northwest London, under ministry of the Rev. James Stratten, and soon <mask> began teaching Sunday school there.In 1822 he was formally admitted into membership. <mask> later wrote about his time there:

He studied law and mathematics at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, but in 1823 he withdrew from University in his fifth term, refusing for conscience sake to declare himself a member of Church of England to graduate. While studying law, he read a pamphlet from his father's study, the "Memoir of Mrs. Charles Mead of the London Missionary Society in Tranvancore, Kerala, India", which afterwards turned his thoughts to the missionary service that would occupy the rest of his life. The pamphlet consisted of sermon preached at Mrs. Mead's funeral, '’All for Christ and the Good of Souls'’, the text of which is taken from Rev. 12:11: "and they loved not their lives unto the death." In '’A Sketch of Mr. <mask>'s Life and Character'’, his wife Maria would later write, "The reading of the pamphlet 'Memoir of Mrs. Mead' so powerfully impressed his mind with the importance of consecrating himself to missionary work, that when he began to study again, on Monday morning, he found he could not proceed; and every time he read this Memoir it had the same effect: so that at last he determined to give up the Bar, and devote himself to the work of Christ among the heathen." <mask> soon had opportunity to study the Chinese under Robert Morrison, who had returned on furlough.It was there that he met two aspiring female missionaries: Mary Ann Aldersey (the first female missionary to China), and Maria Tarn, whom he later married. In 1824 <mask> applied to the London Missionary Society. Then he joined the LMS seminary at Gosport, Hampshire, to study theology under Dr. David Bogue. His health began to suffer because of his intense regimen of study at Gosport, walking long distances to preach in villages on Sunday, and his habits of self-denial. He travelled to Islington to recuperate and study theology, Chinese, and the art of printing, punchcutting, and type-founding. <mask> also studied under John Pye Smith at Homerton. Smith combined missionary, philological, and scientific interests.<mask> then entered the London Missionary Society training centre at Hoxton where his chief attention was given to the Chinese language, reading the Chinese Bible for devotions. In 1827 <mask> was ordained at Paddington Chapel where he preached, taught and was commissioned as a missionary of the Gospel. He was married to Maria Tarn, eldest daughter of Joseph Tarn, Director of London Missionary Society, in London in 1827, and shortly afterward the newly wed couple set sail for what was then considered "Ultra-Ganges" India with the Ultra-Ganges Mission, where the only way to live and work among native Chinese could be obtained. Now it is in an area of Malaysia. It was also known as the "British Straits Settlement". <mask> had been ordained and commissioned on 20 February 1827 at Paddington Chapel, London. The inscription in remembrance of <mask> at Paddington Chapel read:

Missionary life

<mask> and Maria had five children while overseas.<mask> (born at Penang 1829–1831), <mask>, Jr. (born at Penang 1833–1898), Burella <mask> (born at Penang 1835–1858), Maria Jane <mask> (born at Malacca 1837–1870), and Ebenezer <mask> (born at Singapore 1842-aft. October 1843)

<mask> and his wife left England on 10 March 1827, and they arrived at Penang, in the Straits of Malacca, on 8 August 1827. The <mask>s were to have gone on to Anglo-Chinese College in Malacca, but a lack of workers lead them to stay in Penang and settle in the Chinese sector of town. They both began studying the Min nan dialect (Hokkien) spoken by the local population. After gaining some knowledge of the language, <mask> faced the challenge of producing movable metallic types for the thousands of Chinese characters. He started with a systematic analysis of characters and strokes. At first, using wood reliefs to create the clay moulds from which type could be cast, he soon moved to steel punches and copper matrixes.<mask>'s linguistic abilities, meticulous planning, and painstaking attention to detail resulted in Chinese fonts of high quality. They were later passed on to the American Presbyterian Mission Press in China and played a significant part in its development. Maria opened school for girls with 23 students, but she was forced to close it later in the year. By 1828 <mask> was preaching in Chinese only 5 months after their arrival. He grew committed to the production of Christian literature in Chinese, printing Bibles, tracts, and books with the moveable, metal-cast type with a controlled vocabulary that he developed. In 1829 they had their first daughter, Maria, who died about two years later. The same year, in 1831, <mask> visited Malacca, the headquarters of the London Missionary Society's Chinese ministries.In 1833 the <mask>s had a boy named <mask>. About this same time some in the Chinese community requested a school. During this period <mask> was hard at work on a revision of the translation of Matthew's Gospel in Chinese. The amount of work that still was left to be done prompted him to write to England in the following year, appealing for more workers to be sent out. Robert Morrison died at Guangzhou in 1834. 1835 brought another daughter, Burella Hunter, to the <mask> family at Penang. <mask> then took his family to Malacca to join the London Missionary Society China Mission headquarters.The <mask>s established 2 schools, with the curriculum including reading, writing, sewing, and embroidery. There <mask> worked with Liang Fa (who had been baptised by William Milne in 1819). <mask> soon recognised the strategic importance of his metal-type printing and proceeded with the revision of the Chinese Bible at Malacca. Another daughter, Maria Jane <mask>, was born in 1837 at Malacca. Furlough and return to Asia

<mask> and Maria had been at the LMS Penang station from 1827 to 1835. They were at the Malacca station from 1835 to 1839. The <mask>s went on furlough from 1839 to 1842.It was the first time that their children had seen England. On 19 September 1839 the <mask> family arrived in England. Maria was ill with what was thought to be a liver problem. The <mask>s remained in England until 1841, when they left again for the Ultra-Ganges Mission, this time to Singapore. A single woman named Buckland accompanied them and helped Maria with the three children. They arrived in Singapore in 1842 and rented the mission-house of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, there. <mask> began work with John Stronach of the LMS and began learning Teochew dialect.He also worked on a revision of the Chinese Bible, translations, preparation of books, type-casting, printing, and a comparative vocabulary of Chinese language. <mask> printed "Two Friends" by William Milne, a "Commentary on 10 Commandments" by Walter Henry Medhurst, and the "Miracles of Christ". He also helped Chaozhou, a Christian teacher compile the "Life of Christ". During this busy period, <mask> conducted religious services through the week, visited house-to-house, preached in the bazaars, and visited Chinese junks in the harbour to reach the Chinese there with the gospel message. Maria established a Chinese Girls' Boarding School with 20 students in their home (at the present-day site of Raffles Hotel); the school later became St. Margaret's Primary School. <mask> moved the LMS press from Malacca to Singapore on James Legge's suggestion before the end of 1842. 1842 brought another son, Ebenezer <mask>.The Treaty of Nanking was signed, raising hopes that missionary work could soon begin in mainland China. <mask> preached the first sermon at the Malay Chapel in Prinsep Street opened by Benjamin Peach Keasberry in 1843. That summer he left with John Stronach for the LMS conference in Hong Kong. His family would never see him again. Final days
<mask> was able to finally reach China on 7 August 1843 at Hong Kong. At the LMS general conference he was appointed as Conference Secretary. The <mask>s were appointed to go to Fuzhou, Fujian, to open missionary work there.<mask> visited Guangzhou, where he had a severe attack of fever and was cared for by Peter Parker, M.D. He was taken to Macau and died there on 21 October 1843. This was the same outbreak that took the life of Robert Morrison's son, John Robert Morrison, at Guangzhou. <mask> was buried next to the graves of Robert and Mary Morrison at the Old Protestant Cemetery in Macau. <mask> had once written:  <mask> died three years later at Penang, leaving 3 children in the care of her second husband, Johann Georg Bausum. A fellow missionary to Penang, Evan Davies, wrote a memoir of <mask> and a volume of <mask>'s letters to his children in 1846. The Chinese Repository recorded his obituary and mentioned that,

The type that came to be known as <mask>'s Penang font became the standard in Chinese printing until the 1850s, when it was replaced by William Gamble's font in 1859.All three of the <mask>s' surviving children became involved in work to spread the Gospel in China. The <mask>s' daughters returned to China as teenagers and worked with Mary Ann Aldersey at her school for Chinese girls in Ningbo, Zhejiang. Maria Jane <mask> married James Hudson Taylor, who went on to found the China Inland Mission. She had a strong influence in the beginnings of that agency. Burella <mask> had married a year earlier to John Shaw Burdon, but had died in Shanghai very soon after they were married. <mask>, Jr., succeeded Alexander Wylie with the British and Foreign Bible Society as their agent in China in the 1870s. Epitaph in Macau
His tombstone inscription reads:

Published works

 Vocabulary of the Hokkien Dialect (1838)
 A Selection of Three Thousand Characters Being the Most Important in the Chinese Language for the Purpose of Facilitating the Cutting of Punches and Casting Metal type in Chinese (1834)
 Aesop's Fables (in Hokkien, 1843)

See also
 History of typography in East Asia

References

 Wylie, Alexander,  Memorials of Protestant Missionaries to the Chinese:Giving a List of their Publications and Obituary Notices of the Deceased American Presbyterian Mission Press, Shanghai 1867

Notes

Bibliography
 Taylor, James Hudson III, Chang, Irene; Even to Death – The Life and Legacy of <mask>.Hong Kong: OMF Books, 2009. Stronach, John; The blessedness of those who die in the Lord: a sermon occasioned by the death of the Rev. <mask>, missionary to the Chinese, (which took place at Macao 24 October 1843): preached in the New Mission Chapel, Singapore, 9 November 1843, by John Stronach, Mr. <mask>'s colleague in the Chinese Mission at Singapore ; with a sketch of Mr. <mask>'s life and character by his widow. Singapore: Mission Press, 1843. Biographical Dictionary of Christian Mission
 Broomhall, AJ, Hudson Taylor and China's Open Century Vol I, II, III, Hodder & Stoughton, London, 1981
 Griffiths, Valerie, Not Less Than Everything, Monarch Books & OMF International, Oxford, 2004
 Ismail, Ibrahim bin, <mask> and His Contributions to Chinese Typography; Library Quarterly, v54 n2 p157-69 Apr 1984
 Latourette, Kenneth Scott, A History of Christian Missions in China, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, London, 1929
 Lovett, Richard, The History of the London Missionary Society 1795 – 1895 Volume One, Henry Frowde, London, 1899
  Volume Two, Henry Frowde, London, 1899
 Register of LMS Missionaries, 1796–1923, Prepared by James Sibree, LMS, London, 1923
 Sng, Bobby, In His Good Time: The Story of the Church in Singapore, Bible Society of Singapore, 2003
 Historical Bibliography of the China Inland Mission

1804 births
1843 deaths
Alumni of Homerton College, Cambridge
People from Greenwich
Congregationalist missionaries in China
Congregationalist missionaries in Malaysia
Congregationalist missionaries in Singapore
English Congregationalist missionaries
British expatriates in China
Translators of the Bible into Chinese
British typographers and type designers
19th-century translators
Missionary linguists

masks:
Samuel Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Samuel Dyer
John Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Samuel Dyer
Dyer
Samuel Dyer
Samuel
Maria Dyer
Samuel Dyer
Hunter Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Samuel Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Samuel
Samuel
Dyer
Samuel
Samuel
Dyer
Samuel
Dyer
Samuel
Dyer
Dyer
Samuel
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Samuel
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Samuel
Dyer
Dyer
Maria Dyer
Samuel Dyer
Samuel
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Samuel Dyer
Samuel Dyer
Samuel Dyer
Dyer
Dyer
Samuel Dyer


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<mask> (August 17, 1881 – October 27, 1974) was a major geological pioneer, who worked for the American Museum of Natural History, Maryland Geological Survey, Pennsylvania Geological Survey, Virginia Geological Survey, and the United States Geological Survey. She is best known for her work mapping the Appalachian Mountain Range, documenting the structure of and exposure to the rock formations, and tracing crystalline rocks. <mask> was among the first to implement petrographic and structural techniques to the Appalachian Mountains, which were still in development at the time. This was rare because women at this time didn't do physical work in the fields, and her hard efforts are now noted and appreciated. She contributed largely to the Geologic Map of Virginia and the Geologic Map of the United States. Early life
<mask> was the only child to George and <mask> and grew up in Bridgeton, New Jersey. Her parents ran a family-owned business called the Williamstown Glass Company where she worked during World War I as a cashier.<mask> was known to be fond of her ancestry that included relatives who emigrated from New England to Cape May in the 1690s. Her lineage is made of relatives who were plantation owners in Cape May, whalers, and Delaware River Pilots. She began her mapping in Southeastern Pennsylvania and Maryland. Then on, she began her mapping Southwestward into the crystalline rocks of Virginia to North Carolina afterwards. In 1938, <mask> married George Willis <mask> who worked as a U.S. G.S. stratigrapher and would end up working by her side on the Appalachian Mountains. Education
<mask> received formal education from Bryn Mawr College and earned her A.D in 1904.In 1905, she earned her A.M, and then her PhD in 1912. Furthermore, she had an education major in the Arts. Throughout her college career, <mask> had the opportunity to work  under tenured female geologists, who she would continue to work with closely after graduating from college. From 1908 to 1909, she was an assistant curator at the Geology Museum and worked extensively in the geology laboratories during college. Her classmates included Eleanora Knopf and Julia Gardner, and she mentored under Florence Bascom, one of the pioneer women of geology. Between 1916 and 1917, she began work at the Department of Geology, following that she worked at the American Museum of Natural History. Geological contributions
<mask> contributed to geology simply by being a woman during a time when women faced prejudices for being active in such a field.In her professional career as a geologist, <mask> was known to be very outspoken. During <mask>'s long career in the scientific community, she made numerous geological contributions, including identification of structural characteristics and trends by using maps that she printed in colour. Instead of creating 5 by 6 quadrangle maps, <mask>'s work was focused on creating larger scaled maps. Working with Eleanora Knopf, <mask> helped defined the Martic Line. They believed it to be a major thrust fault in Pennsylvania. Her ideas were often considered to be incomprehensible by other geologists at the time, as her work was far too advanced. Being a female in this time also caused scientists to often disregard or overlook her ideas.Stose and Knopf provided many contributions when it came to defining and naming important places, such as the Conestoga Limestone, this being a major part of Pennsylvania, the major units of the Blue Ridge Province, many of the granite plutons in both there and Piedmont, and gave the Mount Rogers volcanic sequence in southern Virginia. The Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces in the southern and central Appalachians were the locations where <mask>'s studies led her to one of her greatest achievements. <mask> printed a map in colour of the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Rocks on the 1982 Virginia State Geological map, which was not accepted in the geological community at the time, but with today's enhanced understandings and technology, we have realized her theories and findings were ultimately correct, and her discoveries are still used in science today. Findings from the Appalachian Mountains
Throughout her research over the Appalachian Mountains, <mask> worked alongside her husband George W<mask>, and many of their findings were published together. Crystalline rock makes up the southern Appalachian Mountains and was mobile during Pre-Cambrian to the Palaeozoic era. During this time, there was intense crust folding and intrusion to the rock formation. Once the crust folding ceased, granite rock carved through the inner part of the mountain range.Publications
<mask>'s publications spanned sixty years. In 1905, she published her first paper, it focused on the rocks of the crystalline Appalachians. In 1965, she published her last paper that described the cataloging of lithologies, and the potential origins of 18th-century tombstones in old cemeteries located in Cape May County, New Jersey. In her last paper she also noted that the correlation of certain rocks dated back to Early Paleozoic rocks. <mask> was the first person to identify that the Brevard Zone rocks depict a fault zone. Her proposed explanation was that the Zone marked a major thrust fault. Afterwards, contrary to <mask>'s theory, other geologists supposed that the Zone was actually the trace of a large strike-slip fault.For many years, this idea obtained widespread acceptance, but at the present time, <mask>'s explanation is believed to be more accurate. In a book called Studies of Appalachian Geology: Central and Southern, which was published in 1970 and edited by George Fisher, <mask> is the geologist with the most listings in the author index. <mask> and her husband, <mask>, compiled county wide reports such as the “New Holland quadrangle” (Jonas and Stose, 1926), “ Geology and Mineral Resources of York County” (Stose and <mask>, 1939), “Middletowne quadrangle” (Stose and <mask>, 1933). These reports laid the foundation for southeastern Pennsylvanian geology. In 1944, the couple wrote a report on the Geology of the Hanover-York District (published by the U.S. Geological Survey). This is their only work that is formally listed as Stose and Stose, and is still acknowledged by today's geologists due to the advanced explanations and illustrations contained within the publication. Later life
<mask> spent time working at the American Museum of Natural History throughout 1916 and 1917, she then worked as a geologist for the Maryland and Pennsylvania Geological Surveys between 1919 and 1937.She worked as a geologist two more times, firstly for the Virginia Geological Survey from 1926 to 1945, and secondly with the U.S. Geological Survey from 1930 until her retirement in 1954. <mask> later died on October 27, 1974, due to a stroke, while <mask> died back in 1960. Her work is still used today as a tribute of her contributions to field of geology in a time where women weren't recognized. References
Notes

Bibliography

1881 births
1974 deaths
People from Bridgeton, New Jersey
American women geologists
Bryn Mawr College alumni

masks:
Anna Jonas Stose
Stose
Anna
Mary Hughes Gilbert Jonas
Anna
Anna
Stose
Anna
Anna
Anna
Anna
Anna
Anna
Anna
Anna
Anna
Anna
. Stose
Anna
Anna
Stose
Stose
Stose
Stose
George Stose
Jonas
Jonas
Anna
Anna
George Stose


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<mask> (born 6 February 1985) is an Irish hurler who played as a centre-back for the Kilkenny senior team. Born in County Kilkenny, <mask> first played competitive hurling whilst at school in St. Kieran's College. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Kilkenny minor team, before later lining out with the under-21 and intermediate sides. He made his senior debut during the 2005 championship. Tennyson went on to play for what has come to be known as the greatest team of all-time, and has won three All-Ireland medals, four Leinster medals and two National Hurling League medals. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on one occasion. As a member of the Leinster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions Tennyson won one Railway Cup medal .At club level he continues to play for Carrickshock.His brother, <mask>, was also enjoyed an inter-county career with Kilkenny. Throughout his career <mask> made 19 championship appearances. He announced his retirement from inter-county hurling on 26 May 2013. Early life

<mask> was born in , County Kilkenny in 1985. He was educated locally at Newmarket N.S. and later at St. Kieran's College, a school renowned for producing fine county hurlers. It was here that <mask> first tasted success as he won an All-Ireland colleges medal with the school's senior team.<mask> graduated from University College Cork with an honours degree in civil & environmental engineering. It was at UCC that he earned three consecutive Datapac Hotshot awards. Playing career

Colleges

During his schooling at St. Kieran's College in Kilkenny, <mask> established himself as a key member of the senior hurling team. In 2002 he won his first Leinster medal following a 1–15 to 2–3 defeat of city rivals CBS Kilkenny. <mask> added a second Leinster medal to his collection in 2003, as St. Peter's College were defeated by 2–13 to 1–10. St. Colman's College provided the opposition in the subsequent All-Ireland decider. Having come close to beating the Fermoy-based school at the same stage the previous year, St. Kieran's made no mistake this time and recorded a 1–15 to 1–4 victory, giving Tennyson an All-Ireland medal.Club

Tennyson plays his club hurling with Carrickshock and has enjoyed much success. In 2004 Carrickshock reached a third consecutive intermediate championship final, having lost the previous two deciders. A narrow 0–14 to 1–10 defeat of Mooncoin gave <mask> a championship medal. He later won a Leinster medal as Carrickshock defeated St. Patrick's by 2–16 to 0–7 in the inaugural provincial decider. <mask>'s side were subsequently defeated by Kildangan in the All-Ireland decider. On 25 October 2010 <mask> played in his first senior championship decider. Carrickshock were fancied to end a 59-year wait for the title but found themselves chasing the game from the start and eventually lost by 0–17 to 1–11.Minor and under-21

<mask> first played for Kilkenny in 2002 when he joined the minor side. He won his first Leinster medal that year following a 2–15 to 2–8 defeat of Wexford. Kilkenny subsequently faced Tipperary in the All-Ireland decider. A tour de force by "the Cats" gave them a huge 3–15 to 1–7 victory and gave <mask> his first All-Ireland medal. In 2003 <mask> won his second successive Leinster medal following an 0–18 to 0–13 defeat of Offaly. Kilkenny subsequently faced Galway in the All-Ireland decider. Richie Power gave a masterclass of hurling, including scoring the winning point deep into injury time, to secure a 2–16 to 2–15 victory.It was <mask>'s second All-Ireland medal. The following year <mask> was added to the Kilkenny intermediate team. He won his sole Leinster medal that year following a 3–17 to 1–10 thrashing of old rivals Wexford. The subsequent All-Ireland decider saw old rivals Cork providining the opposition. The Rebels looked to be heading for victory, however, an injury time goal from Brian Phelan secured a 2–11 apiece victory. The replay was more conclusive with Kilkenny facing a 1–16 to 1–10 defeat. <mask> was also added to the Kilkenny under-21 team that year.He subsequently collected his Leinster medal as Wexford were downed by 0–16 to 2–3. The subsequent All-Ireland final between Kilkenny and old rivals Tipperary was a total mismatch. "The Cats" scored key goals early in the opening half, which helped power them to a 3–21 to 1–6 victory. It was <mask>'s first All-Ireland medal. In 2005 <mask> added a second Leinster medal to his collection, following a 0–17 to 1–10 defeat of Dublin. Kilkenny's bid for a third successive All-Ireland title ended in dramatic fashion as a late point from Kerril Wade handed Galway a narrow 1–15 to 1–14 victory. For the third successive year <mask> won a Leinster medal following a 2–18 to 2–10 defeat of Dublin before later lining out in the All-Ireland decider against Tipperary.A last second opportunist goal by Richie Hogan saved Kilkenny and secured a 2–14 apiece draw. The replay was another close encounter, however, Paddy Hogan's first half goal helped Kilkenny claw their way to the title following a 1–11 to 0–11 defeat of Tipperary. It was <mask>'s second All-Ireland medal. Senior

Early successes

<mask> was still a member of the under-21 team when he was added to the Kilkenny senior panel in 2005. On 12 June 2005 he made his championship debut in a 6–28 to 0–15 Leinster semi-final trouncing of Offaly. In 2006 <mask> won his first National Hurling League medal following a 3–11 to 0–14 victory over Limerick. He later won his first Leinster medal following a facile 1–23 to 1–12 victory over Wexford.On 3 September 2006 Kilkenny faced a Cork team who were presented with the opportunity to become the first side in nearly thirty years to secure three successive All-Ireland championships. Like previous encounters neither side took a considerable lead, however, Kilkenny had a vital goal from Aidan Fogarty. Cork were in arrears coming into the final few minutes, however, Ben O'Connor scored a late goal for Cork. It was too little too late as the Cats denied Cork on a score line of 1–16 to 1–13. It was a first All-Ireland medal for <mask>. <mask> collected a second Leinster medal in 2007, as Kilkenny asserted their provincial dominance and defeated Wexford by 2–24 to 1–12. On 2 September 2007 Kilkenny faced defeated Munster finalists and surprise All-Ireland semi-final winners Limerick in the championship decider.Kilkenny got off to a flying start with Eddie Brennan and Henry Shefflin scoring two goals within the first ten minutes to set the tone. Limerick launched a second-half comeback, however, "the Cats" were too powerful and cruised to a 2–19 to 1–15 victory. It was <mask>'s second successive All-Ireland medal. An injury hampered <mask>'s 2008 championship campaign, however, he collected another set of Leinster and All-Ireland medals as a non-playing substitute. <mask> was back on the starting fifteen in 2009, and collected a second league medal as Kilkenny beat Tipperary by 2–26 to 4–17 with a thrilling extra-time victory. He later won a third Leinster medal as new challengers Dublin were bested by 2–18 to 0–18. On 6 September Kilkenny were poised to become the second team ever in the history of hurling to win four successive All-Ireland championships when they faced Tipperary in the decider.For long periods Tipp looked the likely winners, however, late goals from Henry Shefflin and substitute Martin Comerford finally killed off their efforts to secure a 2–22 to 0–23 victory. <mask> had collected his third All-Ireland medal. Decline

In 2010 Kilkenny defeated Galway in an eagerly-anticipated but ultimately disappointing provincial decider. A 1–19 to 1–12 victory gave <mask>, who started the game on the bench before coming on as a substitute, a fourth Leinster medal. The drive for an unprecedented fifth successive All-Ireland crown reached a head on 5 September 2010, when Kilkenny faced Tipperary in the All-Ireland decider. "The Cats" lost talisman Henry Shefflin due to injury, while Tipperary's Lar Corbett ran riot and scored a hat-trick of goals as Larkin's side fell to a 4–17 to 1–18 defeat. Following the All-Ireland decider <mask> underwent surgery on a cruciate ligament injury.An infection in his knee later ruled him out of the 2011 championship. <mask> returned to championship action in Kilkenny's 2–21 to 0–9 Leinster semi-final defeat of Dublin. He was confined to the substitute's bench for the rest of the championship, but collected another All-Ireland medal as a non-playing member of the panel who defeated Galway in an All-Ireland final replay. After failing to make any appearances during Kilkenny's successful league campaign in 2013, <mask> decided to retire from inter-county hurling before the start of the championship. Personal life

His family have a keen interest in horse racing, owning numerous reasonably successful horses. Presently he owns one horse that has run twice in point to point as of March 2008, named Jimandgary foaled in 2003 and trained by Patrick Cody, finishing third on both occasions. On 20 April 2008, the horse won is first race at Ballydurn in Waterford.Honours

Team

St. Kieran's College
All-Ireland Senior Colleges Hurling Championship (1): 2003
Leinster Colleges Senior Hurling Championship (2): 2002, 2003

Kilkenny
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (6): 2006, 2007, 2008 (sub), 2009, 2011 (sub), 2012 (sub)
Leinster Senior Hurling Championship (6): 2005 (sub), 2006, 2007, 2008 (sub), 2009, 2010
National Hurling League (3): 2005 (sub), 2006, 2009, 2012 (sub)
All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship (2): 2004 (c), 2006
Leinster Under-21 Hurling Championship (3): 2004 (c), 2005, 2006
All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship (2): 2002, 2003
Leinster Minor Hurling Championship (2): 2002, 2003

Leinster
Railway Cup (1): 2006

References

1985 births
Living people
Carrickshock hurlers
UCC hurlers
Kilkenny inter-county hurlers
Leinster inter-provincial hurlers
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners

masks:
John Tennyson
Tennyson
Pat Tennyson
Tennyson
John Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson
Tennyson


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Captain <mask>, MC, IDSM (10 January 1914 – 14 February 2011) was a highly decorated Indian Army Gorkha officer and a recipient of the Ashoka Chakra, the highest peacetime Indian gallantry decoration. Only the fourth Ashoka Chakra recipient to be decorated while living, he was the third Indian Army serviceman and the first Indian Army officer to have been honoured while alive. Early life
A member of a <mask> family in the Darjeeling district, <mask> enlisted in the British Indian Army on 17 July 1930, joining the 1st Battalion of 10th Gurkha Rifles. Second World War
During the Second World War, <mask> was promoted to jemadar (now naib subedar) on 1 December 1941. As an acting subedar (paid), he fought in the Burma Campaign, during which he won the Indian Distinguished Service Medal (IDSM). The citation (which was not made public), reads as follows:

10 December 1943

Subedar <mask>,  1/10 Gurkha Rifles, 63rd Indian Infantry Brigade, 17th Indian Division

On the 14th November 1943 this G.O. [Gurkha Officer] was 2nd in command of a company which was ordered to counter-attack at night against strong Japanese forces, estimated to be the major part of a battalion and supported by mortars and infantry guns.During the course of the fighting, which lasted the whole of the next day, and during which quite early in the proceedings his company commander was wounded five times, this Officer displayed the greatest coolness, courage and military skill. Initially in charge of the mortars and rear [illegible] company H.Q., he kept his Brigade H.Q. fully and continuously in the picture, gauging accurately when extra ammunition was required and organising the evacuation of the wounded. When his company commander was wounded, he ordered him back to Rear H. Q. and took over command. For some hours he kept large numbers of the enemy at bay by his oppositions, ensuring he could not be surrounded, counter-attacking twice, methodically collecting a large quantity of material for identification purposes and finally when ordered to withdraw, pulling out unhurried and with great military precision. All his dead, wounded and material were got away including much enemy material, and the enemy received such a hard blow that he never followed up and indeed has never recovered the position. Throughout, this Officer’s leadership and military skill was of the highest order.Subsequently promoted to war-substantive subedar, <mask> was awarded the Military Cross (MC) on 8 October 1944. He received the decoration for, among other actions, his command of his company during the Battle of Imphal in the area of Bishnupur, Manipur. Taking command after his company commander had been killed and while he and his unit were pinned down by Japanese machine-gun fire from several bunkers, <mask> conducted a reconnaissance mission and located all of the nearby enemy bunkers. After throwing five grenades at the nearest bunkers, he devised a plan of attack and led his company in an attack which eliminated the first line of bunkers. In the full citation, which was not published, <mask> was commended for:

...his dash and courage, combined with high qualities of leadership and initiative shown by this Gurkha Officer on all occasions when his company has been in action. Indian Army service
After Indian independence, <mask>'s regiment, the 10th Gurkha Rifles, which primarily recruited soldiers of the Rai ethnicity, was allocated to the United Kingdom and became a British Army regiment. <mask> opted to serve in the Indian Army, joining the newly re-raised 11th Gorkha Rifles.On 23 August 1948, he received a short-service commission as a second lieutenant in the 11th Gorkhas (seniority from 23 August 1946). He received a regular commission as a lieutenant on 7 February 1951 (seniority from 27 August 1948), and was promoted to captain on 27 August 1954. On 20 November 1956, he was seconded for service with the 8th Battalion of the Assam Rifles, and was then assigned to the Village Guards (Naga Hills, Tuensang Area) on 1 December 1957. He was appointed Officer Commanding Village Guard (Tuensang Wing) on 1 March 1958. On 3 May 1961, <mask> was decorated with the Ashoka Chakra for his heroism while in command of a platoon during the Nagaland Insurgency:

No. 9-Pres/62.—The  President  is  pleased  to  approve  the  award   of  the ASHOKA  CHAKRA,  CLASS  I,  to  the  undermentioned  personnel  for  most conspicuous bravery:

Captain  MAN  BAHADUR  RAI   (IC-5261). M.C.,  I.D.S.M.,  11th Gorkha  Rifles.(Seconded  to  Assam  Rifles). (Effective   date  of  award — 3rd  May 1961)

In  April–May  1961, Captain  <mask>  <mask>  <mask>   (IC-5261)  took  part  in  a series  of  actions  against  a  body  of  hostile  Nagas  who  had  entrenched  themselves  in  a  very  difficult,   densely  wooded,  hilly  region  interspersed  with numerous  ravines. Towards  the  end  of  April  1961, he  led  a  platoon  at  dead of  night  through  two  hostile  positions  into  the  heart  of  their stronghold, fiercely  attacked  them  and  was  successful  in  dislodging  them  from  that position. On the  3rd  May  1961, he  led  a  platoon  against  another  strongly  fortified hostile  position  which  was  situated  on  the  steep  slopes  of  a   ravine. This position  dominated  the  surrounding  area  and  could  not  be  approached except  frontally. Captain  <mask>,  knowing  that  heavy  casualties  would  result if  he  were  to  attack  frontally,  took  half  a  platoon, crawled  through  the thick  undergrowth  and  scaled  up  the  steep  side  while  exposed  to  a  hail of close  range  fire  which  covered  his  advance. On  locating  the  hostile position,  he  pressed  forward  in  its  direction,  threw  two  hand  grenades  killing a  few  hostiles  and  charged  the  position  firing  as  he  went  and  killing   two more  hostiles.This  fearless  and  unexpected  assault  spurred  his  men  to action  and  so  demoralised  the  hostiles  that  they  fled  into  the  thick  jungle. The  hostiles  lost  ten  men  in  the  encounter  and  left  behind  two  rifles, one 12 bore  gun  and  one  tommy  gun. The  attack  dealt  a  crushing  blow  to  the hostiles  and  led  to  the  eventual  destruction  of  their  position. This  action  was  one  of  several  in  which  Captain  <mask>  took  part,   first   as an  officer  of  the  8th  Battalion  of  the  Assam  Rifles  and  more  recently  as  an officer   of  the  Village  Guards  Organisation  of  Nagaland. Throughout  this period,  he  repeatedly  showed  conspicuous  bravery,  unselfishness  and    indomitable  courage  in  very  difficult  and   dangerous  situations. His  leader-ship  and  unconquerable  will  have  been  a  source  of  inspiration   to  all   his comrades  and  are  in  the  highest  traditions   of  the  Army. Later life and death
After retiring from the Indian Army, <mask> settled at Jorhat in Assam.He died there on 14 February 2011, aged 97, and was accorded full military honours by the Assam Rifles at his funeral. The Assam Rifles named an auditorium at their Shillong HQ in honour of <mask>. Awards

References

1914 births
2011 deaths
People from Darjeeling district
Recipients of the Military Cross
Recipients of the Indian Distinguished Service Medal
Indian Army personnel of World War II
Military personnel from West Bengal
Indian Army personnel
Recipients of the Ashoka Chakra (military decoration)
Ashoka Chakra
Rai people

masks:
Man Bahadur Rai AC
Rai
Rai
Rai
Manbahadur Rai
Rai
Rai
Rai
Rai
Rai
Rai
Man
Bahadur
Rai
Rai
Rai
Rai
Rai


text_chunks:
<mask> (, 27 April 1937 – 21 January 2022) was a Chinese novelist and short-story writer. In the meanwhile, she was also the co-author of a biography of the film director Wu Zuguang in 1986. She worked on writing different kinds of books for or with young protagonists, these types of works are included in junior and senior high school textbooks in China. She is one of China's first contributors to feminist fiction. In <mask>e's works, she mainly worked on the themes of "people" and "love",  she often emphasizes the emotions and relationships between mother and daughter, which was formed mainly by early poverty and the fierce protection of her mother. The Person Who loved me the most on earth is gone is the long story,which is a kind of long self-statement recounted the last eighty days and nights of her mother's life, who died in 1991. She remembered her mother's submission, dependence and forbearance to her, and her consideration, complaint and regret to her mother.This novel is a simple and unpretentious expression of the love between mother and daughter. <mask>'s novel Leaden Wings was translated into German in 1982 and published in England in 1987 by Virago Press. She was awarded the Mao Dun Literature Prize in 1985 for Leaden Wings and in 2005 for Without a Word, making her the first writer to receive the award twice. She is not only the only one writer who has won the Mao Dun Literature Price twice, but is also one of the most influential writers in contemporary China. <mask>e is a representative of female writers in contemporary China. In her words, she creates many female images with different life paths and destinies, and explores the situation of women in the contemporary China from her unique perspective. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born in Beijing on April 27, 1937, and was raised up by her mother in a village in Fushun, in Liaoning Province.<mask> was born in a modest civil-servant family. Her parents were separated when she was very young, and then she lived with her mother and took her mother's last name. <mask> and her mother were dependent on each other and spent long, miserable years in the turbulent times. Her mother worked as a teacher in the village elementary school and was forced to work as a servant and a factory mail-woman. <mask>e was fond of music and literature when She was in elementary school and middle school. In 1960, She graduated from the Department of Statistics in Renmin University of China (People's University), and went to work for the First Ministry of Machinery Industry. <mask>e married to a singer in the theatrical work unity and had a daughter called Tang Di, she and her husband got divorced in 1969.During the Cultural Revolution, she was sent to the "May 7 cadre school" and returned to Beijing in 1972 and back to work in the First Ministry of Machinery Industry. <mask>e has endured many pains in her personal life, she has supported a family of three generations of women for a long time with her strong perseverance. After the Cultural Revolution, <mask>e finally started her literary work, she published her first novelThe Child of the Forest in 1978. Once published in Beijing Literature and Art, the novel immediately attracted the attention of the literary world, and won the Best Short Stories, this was her first entry into the literary world. In the following year, she published a number of short stories and joined the Chinese Writer's Association. <mask>e joined the Communist Party in 1980. The novel Leaden Wings published in April 1981, which immediately aroused strong reactions and controversies, and almost became a notable event in the literary world and the society.In 1982, she joined the International PEN China Center and accompanied a delegation of Chinese writers to the United States to attend the first Sino-American Writers' Conference, she was the vice chairman of the Beijing Writers' Association. She has visited and been invited countless times to hold readings of her works, lectures and press conferences in Berlin, Paris, Vienna and other parts of the world. Leaden Wings was reissued by the People's Literature Publishing House in July 1984 and was well received by the literary community and won the 2nd Mao Dun Literature Prize of 1985. Over the years, <mask>'s creative works have been very successful. From December 1984 to January 1985, <mask>e attended the Fourth Congress of the Chinese Writer's Association. By 1986, <mask> was the first writer of the new period to win three national awards. Some of her works have been translated into foreign languages and distributed around the world.Personal life and death
<mask>e died in New York on January 21, 2022, at the age of 84. Awards
Best Short Stories of 1978 --- The Child of the Forest
Best Short Stories of 1979 --- Who Knows how to live
Best Short Stories of 1983 --- The Time is not yet ripe
Best Novellas of 1983-1984 --- Emerald (Zu Mulü)
2nd Mao Dun Literature Prize of 1985 --- Leaden Wings
6th Mao Dun Literature Prize of 2005 --- Without A World

Main works
 The Child of the Forest (Cong senlin li laide haizi) (1978)
 Love Must Not be Forgotten (1979)
 Leaden Wings (沉重的翅膀) (1981)
 The Ark (1982)
 On a Green Lawn (1983)
 Emerald (1984)
 If Nothing Happens, Nothing Will (1986)
 Only One Sun (1988)
 As Long As Nothing Happens, Nothing Will''' (translated short stories, 1988)
 A Chinese Woman in Europe (1989)
 You are a Friend of my Soul (1990)
 Fever (Shang Huo) (1991)
 Interior Heat (1992)
 In the Twilight (1994)
 The Person Who loved me the most on earth is gone (Shijieshang zui teng wo de nage ren qu le) () (1994)
 Why... in the First Place? (1994)
 A Collection of Proses (1995)
 Oversea Travels (1995)
 Without A Word (Wu Zi) () (2002)

 Introduction of works

 The Child of the Forest ()
This was the first work of <mask>e in 1978, which was a story that took place during the Cultural Revolution, it is a work of Scar literature. The Scar Literature was a literary phenomenon that dominated the literary scene in mainland China from the late 1970s to the early 1980s. The story describes a touching story about a student who traveled thousands of miles to take an examination in the Central Conservatory of Music in order to fulfill his teacher's wishes, this teacher is one of the most talented musician in that period. The protagonist, Sun Changning, is the son of a lumberjack. Although he lives in the forest, he has to  be branded with "Scars" during the Cultural Revolution.With this novel, <mask>e wants to express the belief that art is one of the things that can sustain the human spirit during the Cultural Revolution, but only if the belief in art is honest and not evil. Leaden Wings (沉重的翅膀)
This novel can also be called as Heavy Wings for the different translations, this novel was awarded in the 2nd Mao Dun Literature Prize of 1985. The experience of <mask>e working in the First Ministry of Machinery Industry provided her with the inspiration and knowledge to write about this novel on the problems faced by the companies. <mask>e not only conveys people's reform ideals, but also describes the cruxes of the society with exquisite style. The "heavy" reformer she created belongs to the literary image of the deepening period of reform. The novel, with the theme of reform, revolves around the work and life of high-level cadres. On the one hand, it shows the contents of enterprise management and political thought of the Ministry of Heavy Industry in China, and focuses on the efforts of several reformers.On the other hand, it also shows the family life of different characters. Through the description of their life, it reflects <mask>e's thinking on marriage. Without A Word (Wu Zi) ()
Love is one of the major themes in Wu Zi. <mask>e uses interspersion technique to integrate the description of the Times with the personal life experiences of a female writer called Wu Wei, describes the marriage story of Wu Wei and several generations of women in her family. The context of this book is based on a time of upheaval and big change in China. It expresses women's realistic demands for love, marriage and family freedom at different stages in the new era, and shows the arduous and difficult course of women's liberation. This novel is the second time that <mask>e has won the 6th Mao Dun Literature Prize after Leaden Wings.<mask>e tried to use the emotional experience of several generations in this novel to break the shackles of Chinese women, but she found that everything was in vain. Women were giving everything to fight with love, but the tragic fate could not change. Love Must Not Be Forgotten ()
This short story showed the topic of what <mask>e is mainly woking on, "Love", and unraveled the tragedy of Zhong Yu and the old cadre's "lovers cannot be married" through the memories of her mother by a 30-year-old unmarried young woman named Shan Shan. This story shows two types of love at the same time, one is the love between the daughter and her mother, the other one is the love story of mother and a senior official in the Communist Party of who her mother had always loved. Zhong Yu wrote down her infinite affection for this man in her notebook called "Love, is not to forget". The obstacle in their love was that the man, out of gratitude and duty, married the fiancée of his fellow soldier who gave his life to protect the senior official. The Ark (方舟)
This novel advocats that men and women should first have social equality, is <mask>e's most personal characteristic works.The novel describes three high school classmates, after a long and bumpy life, in order to get rid of the pain of reality, and respectively leave their husbands to get together in a residential unit, they called this resident the "Ark", to seek temporary shelter. The three women are all highly educated and intelligent women who are not respected in their marriage, and being biased by neighbors because divorce or separation, yet they also have difficulties mainly on facing hostility and abuse at work. . Through realism, it expresses the anxiety, loneliness and desolation of modern intellectual women's life path and spiritual pursuit. Further reading
 Bloomsbury Guide to Women's LiteratureWho Knows how to live in 1979Screeplays of <mask>'s novels"ZhangJie zhuzuo xinian," Zhangjie yanjiu zhuanji'', by He Huoren

References

External links
 The Life and Literature of <mask>e
 Zhang Jie bibliography at Asian and Pacific Writers Network

1937 births
2022 deaths
20th-century Chinese short story writers
20th-century Chinese women writers
21st-century Chinese women writers
21st-century Chinese writers
Chinese feminists
Short story writers from Beijing
Chen Bochui Children's Literature Award winners
Mao Dun Literature Prize laureates
Chinese women novelists
Chinese women short story writers
People's Republic of China short story writers
People's Republic of China novelists

masks:
Zhang Jie
Zhang Ji
Zhang Jie
Zhang Ji
Zhang Jie
Zhang Jie
Zhang Jie
Zhangji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Jie
Zhang Ji
Zhang Jie
Zhang Ji
Zhang ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang ji
Zhang Ji
Zhang Jie
Zhang Ji


text_chunks:
<mask> (born 20 December 1956) is an independent curator and researcher based in Cardiff, Wales. His interests lie in integrating the practices often separated in curating in the arts and heritage settings: research, display, promotion, participation and learning. His own practice centres on curating in collaborative or site-specific contexts, where negotiating and celebrating relationships with audiences are at the core of projects. Journeys with 'The Waste Land' (2018)
<mask>'s commitment to participation and social engagement is exemplified by his role in, Journeys with 'The Waste Land', a major exhibition exploring the significance of T.S. Eliot’s poem 'The Waste Land' through the visual arts. Tooby described himself as the "initiating curator" of this project, elsewhere he is described as its "architect". Journeys with 'The Waste Land''' was exhibited first at the Turner Contemporary in Margate and then at the Herbert Art Gallery & Museum in Coventry.Information about the project (including its timeline, methodology, downloads, videos of its research group in action and visitor data) is available on the Turner Contemporary Website. <mask> gave the 2018 Ursula Hoff Lecture in curating at the University of Melbourne. In this lecture, Tooby explored how testimony has played a key role in his recent curatorial projects. His starting point was the use of William Blake's Illustrations to Dante in Journeys with 'The Waste Land', which was created by the collective sharing of different life experiences and expertise by over 100 participants in its curating. He will show how this process was informed by his previous interest in testimony when co-curating faith-based and minority cultural projects in Wales, such as The Muslim World on Your Doorstep and Hineni: belonging and identity in a Jewish community. Professional career
Since 2012, <mask> has been Professor of Art & Design at the Bath School of Art & Design at Bath Spa University. His teaching specialisms are: History of Art & Design; Museology; Contemporary Curatorial Practice.Previously, Tooby was: curator  (1992 to 1999) at Tate St Ives and curator of the Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden (1992–1999); Director, National Museum & Gallery (2000 to 2004) and Director of Learning, Programmes and Development (2004 to 2011) for Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum of Wales;

Other recent academic appointments include: Senior Research Fellow (2014–15) at the Henry Moore Institute; Steering Group Member (2015–18) for the Arts and Humanities Research Council funded research project led by Sonia Boyce, "Black Art and Modernism", at the University of the Arts London; Academic Advisor to the Academy of Visual Arts (2015–18), Hong Kong Baptist University; International Visiting Scholar (2018) in the Art History and Curating programme, Australian National University. Early life
Tooby grew up in Coventry and was educated at King Henry VIII School, Coventry (1967 to 1974) before studying for a Master of Arts (MA) in Art History, Archaeology and Anthropology at Magdalene College, Cambridge (1975–78)

 Bibliography

Full details of Tooby's "research and academic outputs" can be found on ResearchSPAce

 Books

 Tooby, M, ed. (2018) wavespeech: Edmund de Waal and David Ward - a collaborative work in context Tooby, M and Shalgosky, S, eds. (2015) Imagining a university: fifty years of the University of Warwick Art collection Stair, J and Tooby, M (2014) Julian Stair: Quietus reviewed. Archaeology of an exhibition Tooby, M (2012) Engaging young people in the arts in Norway and Wales. Tooby, M (2005) Trevor Bell: Heatscape, the Florida six, Still: the new paintings Tooby, M and Feary, J (1999) Colour in space: Patrick Heron: public projects Tooby, M and de Waal, E (1999) Modern home: an intervention by Edmund de Waal at High Cross House Tooby, M, Daniel, S and Barlow, M (1995) From the interior: selected sculptures 1981-1995
 Tooby, M and Shalev, D (1995) Tate Gallery St Ives: the building Tooby, M (1993) Tate Gallery St. Ives, Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden: an illustrated companionTooby, M (1987) 'In Perpetuity and Without Charge': Mappin Art Gallery 1887–1987 Chapters
 2020: '"Who me? ": the individual experience in participative and collaborative projects.', O'Neill, M and Hooper, G, eds. Connecting Museums 2017: 'When forms become attitude: a consideration of the adoption by an artist of ceramic display as narrative device and symbolic landscape. ', Petrie, K and Livingstone, A, eds. The Ceramics Reader 2015: 'Veronica Ryan. ', Making It: Sculpture in Britain 1977–1986 2015: 'Do not call it fixity. ', James Hugonin: binary rhythm: paintings 2010-2015 2014: 'Many-roomed mansion to theatre of memories: thoughts on artists and museums. ', Nicol, G, ed.Inspired by: your guide to art and the museum 2013: 'Simplicity and subject. ', William Scott: simplicity and subject 2012: 'Look closely. ', Kurt Jackson: A New Genre of Landscape Painting 2010: 'Rachel Nicholson: critical view. ', Wilkinson, A, ed. Rachel Nicholson 2008: 'The master printer. ', Hughes, S, Clark, M and Fitch, A, eds. Hugh Stoneman: master printer 2007: 'St Ives - is it worth saving?', The St Ives School 1997-2007 2006: 'Where does the museum end? ', Lang, C, Reeve, J and Woollard, V, eds. The responsive museum: working with audiences in the twenty-first century 2003: 'Trevor Bell. ', Trevor Bell: a British painter in America 2001: 'Towards a study of Terry Setch. ', <mask>, M and Holman, M, eds. Terry Setch: a retrospective 2000: 'Iwan Bala. ', Offerings and reinventions 2000: 'Light the blue touch paper.', Gage, J and <mask>, M, eds. Blue: borrowed and new 2000: 'A working environment. ', David Nash: chwarel goed, wood quarry 1998: 'The same subject: sources and origins. ', Glennie, S, ed. William Scott: paintings and drawings 1998: 'Peter Randall-Page. ', Whistling in the dark: Peter Randall-Page, drawings and prints 1983-98 Journal articles

 with Scott, T (2016: 'A journey with 'The waste land'.' Arts & Education (8)
 2014: 'Interpreting and learning.'Engage (35)
 2012: 'When forms become attitude: a consideration of the adoption by an artist of ceramic display as narrative device and symbolic landscape'. Behind the Scenes at the Museum: Ceramics in the Expanded Field 2012: 'Order and disorder: Some relationships between ceramics, sculpture and museum taxonomies.' Interpreting Ceramics (14)
 2011: 'Home and away: collections abroad.' Engage (28)
 2010: 'Edmund de Waal: the hare with amber eyes' Interpreting Ceramics (12)
 2009: 'More than skin deep: the new Art Gallery of Ontario.' Museum Practice (45)
 2006: 'St Ives and Cardiff: two experiences of cultural tourism.' Nexus (35)

 Conferences, Lectures and Workshops

 2019: Julian Stair: Tea and sensation. Summer 2019, co-facilitator, Compton Verney Art Gallery & Park
2018: Modernism, image and text: reflections on T.S.Eliot and visualisation of 'The waste land'.29 October 2018, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. 2018: 'I can connect': the power of curating to share experiences. 18 October 2018, The Ursula Hoff Lecture 2018, University of Melbourne, Australia
 2018: Trevor Bell: his time as Gregory Fellow and its position in the trajectory of the Gregory Fellowships. 14–15 June 2018, University of Leeds, UK. 2015: <mask>, M, Smith, R and O’ Keeffe, D A journey with T. S. Eliot’s 'The Waste Land' 8 October 2015, Ilkley Literature Festival, Ilkley Playhouse, Ilkley, UK. 2015: Another side of Stanley Royle. 29 April 2015, Lunchtime Talk Series, Graves Art Gallery, Sheffield, UK.Exhibitions

 2018: Journeys with 'The Waste Land' [curator]. Turner Contemporary, Margate, UK, 3 February - 7 May 2018. 2015: wavespeech [curator]. The Pier Arts Centre, Stromness, Scotland, 20 June - 12 September 2015. 2014: Storio - store. Settlement, Spit and Sawdust Skatepark, Cafe and Artspace, Roath, Cardiff, 17 October 2014. 2013: At the mad shepherdess.Diffusion: Cardiff International Festival of Photography., Chapter, Cardiff, 12–19 May 2013. 2013: William Scott: Simplicity and Subject. Victoria Art Gallery, Bath, UK, 7 September - 17 November 2013. 2012: The Museum of Amazing Coincidences. Made in Roath, Cardiff, UK, October 2012. 2011: Kelvin Road mantelpiece. Made in Roath, Cardiff, 2011.2008: National Museum and Gallery, Cardiff: complete redisplay of art galleries, representation of natural history gallery and learning spaces. National Museum Wales, Cardiff, UK, 2008. 1997: A Quality Of Light: A Collaborative Visual Arts Event.'' Tate Gallery St Ives, May - July 1997

References

Living people
People from Coventry
English curators
Academics of Bath Spa University
1956 births

masks:
Mike Tooby
Tooby
Tooby
Tooby
Tooby
Tooby
Tooby


text_chunks:
<mask><mask> (born April 27, 1938) is an artist based in Chicago, Illinois. <mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois. Her father was an avid art collector and <mask> was brought up in the art world from the time she was born. She attended classes at the Art Institute of Chicago as a young child and went on to pursue a degree in Art History from Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania in 1959. <mask> worked as a private art dealer for some time before deciding to continue her education and become a fine art photographer. She graduated from the Art Institute of Chicago with her MFA in 1982. <mask> later went on to be a Professor of Photography at The School of the Art Institute, Illinois Institute of Technology, and Beloit College.She was Adjunct Professor of Photography at Columbia College in Chicago until 2005. Since she started making photographs, <mask> has had exhibits across the nation as well as in Germany and China. Constructing artwork
<mask> constructs her photographs by montaging multiple slide projections and found objects into room-sized assemblages in her studio. She then photographs it, making a tableaux into which layers of meaning are woven. She does not use computer editing, just straight photography. <mask> stated, "The images can be seen as my commentary on the political and social roles projected onto society whose desires, manipulated by language and image, conflict with concerns of gender, sexuality, race and female identity." She says, "I make photographs, I don’t take them.I am a maker of meaning, not an observer of it.My medium is photography, although it is includes the processes of sculpture and installation . I build room-sized sets onto which I project images and text, recording the final result with the camera. There are no darkroom or digital tricks. The process is straight photography." For over 25 years, <mask> has been exploring contemporary society's approach to issues of gender, female identity, sexuality, vulnerability, and love & desire. Eschewing linearity, the work stands in opposition to the simplicity and minimalism prevalent in earlier 20th century image-making. Her images are elliptical, fragmented, layered, reflecting the contemporary world as one of discontinuity and ambiguity with myriad connections, a world less temporally and spatially fixed than ever before.Through the content carried in found materials and appropriated texts, –she addresses— the social and political conditions that are just out of sight, but remain like some kind of background radiation exerting a subtle but undeniable influence on our society.Pop and pulp references throw a humorous light on cultural identity and gender roles projected onto society. The subject matter, appearing disconnected from its place and time, mysteriously overlaps our own collective awareness. –She asks the viewer to see what has been there all along.–—/> Exhibition publication, Gallery 210, University of Missouri, St Louis, 2005,  '<mask> Sentences' Introduction by Terry Suhre, Director, and Essay "<mask>'s Phantasmagoric Spaces" by Dr. Mark White</ref>

Awards and grants
The focus of <mask>'s career has been as a fine art photographer. Her photographs are in the permanent collections of The Art Institute of Chicago, Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Detroit Institute of Art, The Polaroid International Collection, Germany, The Readers Digest Collection, New York, The Addison Gallery of American Art, Andover, MA, The Tweed Museum of Art, MN, The Ulrich Museum of Art, KS. Her images are featured in books such as Love and Desire, by William Ewing, Director, Musee de l’Elysee, Lausanne SWITZERLAND, in Discontinuum, by Peter Spooner, Curator, The Tweed Museum of Art, in many issues of The Tampa Review, Tampa, FL, and as cover image of  L’ apprendistato di Duddy Kravitz, Adelphi Editions, MILAN. International and national institutions which have featured her work include: The Museum Anna Nordlander, SWEDEN 2011; 798 Photo Gallery, BEIJING 2005; ArtSea Gallery, SHANGHAI 2005; Selby Gallery, Ringling School of Art & Design, Sarasota, FL, 2004 and 2007; Southeast Museum of Photography, Daytona Beach, FL 2004;  Cress Gallery, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga 2004; Gallery 210, St. Louis, MO 2005; University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 2005; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2005; The Contemporary Arts Center of Virginia 2006, Purdue University 2007 ; Swedish National TV News, 2011; The Isetan Museum, Tokyo, JAPAN; The Photographic Center, Skopelos, GREECE; The Minneapolis Institute of Art, MN; ART CHICAGO, Int Art Exposition; Kim Foster Gallery NEW YORK; Robert Burge 20th Century Photographs, NEW YORK; The Tweed Museum of Art, Duluth, MN 2002; The Chicago Cultural Center: Ulrich Museum, Wichita, KS; The Detroit Institute of Art; Hartley/Scarfone Galleries, University of Tampa, FLA;  The Delaware Center for Contemporary Art; Oklahoma State University; TAI Gallery, NEW YORK;. She is a recipient of a National Endowment for the Arts Grant; Polaroid Materials Grants; numerous Illinois Arts Council Grants; and an Arts Midwest/ NEA Grant.The exhibition "<mask>, A Decade of Work" at NIU Gallery in Chicago was awarded Best Photography Exhibition of 2002 by "New City, Chicago". Her work has been widely published and reviewed in venues such as: The New York Times; The Chicago Tribune; Japan Art & Cultural Association Exhibition Catalogue, Tokyo; The Wilson Quarterly;  Color Magazine, USA;  Museums, Chicago;  Love & Desire, Thames & Hudson, London; Body Icons, Skopelos, Greece; The Tampa Tribune, Florida; The Tampa Review Literary Magazine; The Toledo Blade, Ohio; Artweek, Los Angeles; Art News, New York; The Tampa Review; Expressions Magazine, Beijing; Homonumus Literary Magazine, Beijing; L’apprendistato di Duddy Kravitz, Mordecai Richler, Milan Italy. She has appeared on CCTV International "Cultural Express", Beijing,CHINA 2005; SVT Swedish National TV News  Stockholm SWEDEN 2011; and "848  Chicago Public Radio; WBEZ CHICAGO 2005. She has been a Juror for The Pennsylvania Council on the Arts; a board member of WHITEWALLS, Journal of Language and Art; and a Guest Curator for the Rockford Art Museum, IL. She has been featured as Guest Lecturer and Visiting Artist at: The School of The Art Institute of Chicago, The University of Illinois, Society for Photographic Education, Bryn Mawr College Club of Chicago, University of Toledo, The Tweed Museum of Art, The Ulrich Museum of Art, Oklahoma State University, University of Tampa, National Conference of the Women's Caucus for Art, Rockford Art Museum, The Selby Gallery, Sarasota, FLA, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR & The Bryn Mawr College Chicago Alumnae Association, among others. She has been a Professor of Photography at The School of The Art Institute, Illinois Institute of Technology, and Beloit College. She was Adjunct Professor of Photography at Columbia College, Chicago 1988 to 2008.
.

References

Artists from Chicago
1938 births
Bryn Mawr College alumni
Living people
Illinois Institute of Technology faculty
American women photographers
American photographers
Fine art photographers
American women academics
21st-century American women

masks:
Jane L
. Calvin
Calvin
Calvin
Calvin
Calvin
Calvin
Calvin
Calvin
Calvin
Jane Calvin
Jane Calvin
Jane Calvin
Jane Calvin