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<mask><mask> was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Haverford High School and later earned a bachelor's degree from Temple University, where his studies focused on Television, Radio and Film. During his senior year of college, <mask> worked at the local ABC affiliate as a student on-camera host for Youth Perspective. Early career
His career in entertainment kicked off at EJ Stewart, where he learned production firsthand as a grip, gaffer and a cameraman. He was later hired as a Technical Director for a local Philly television station, WTAF 29 Philadelphia. In <mask>'s early 20s, he was the game show host of Comcast Cable's At the End of Your Rope. In his mid 20s, <mask> moved to New York.One of his first assignments there was to work on USA Network's "Night Flight." <mask> expanded his career by editing MTV music videos and a variety of commercials. Los Angeles
<mask> was mentored by director Marty Callner, who taught him new age techniques for cutting music videos and concerts. <mask> created videos for singer <mask> and the bands Whitesnake, Fleetwood Mac and Heart. He also edited American television situation comedies such as 227, New Love American Style and online edited MacGyver. In the late 1980s, <mask> started a 10-year run at New Wave Entertainment. During this time, <mask> edited and produced trailers for films such as Pretty Woman, Cocktail, and Sister Act.After the release of the Sister Act trailer, the Chicago Tribune noted, "Whoever edited the trailer has a much better idea of what's good in this material than the man who directed the movie. "[1]

<mask> later became a partner of New Wave Entertainment but eventually sold his interest in the company to start his own production company, Goodspot. The creative boutique specializes in media across all platforms. In 2009, <mask> was nominated for an Emmy for Producing the Ribbon of Hope Awards. He also directed the live to tape six-camera production. <mask> has also directed other multi-camera productions including the Live From the Red Carpet Daytime Emmy Awards Preshow. <mask> has also worked for the Aspen Music Festival, producing nearly a dozen classical music concerts streamed live over the internet.Original productions

<mask> co-created "Real Life: The Musical," which sold to ITV and debuted on Oprah Winfrey Network (OWN) in the summer of 2012. In 2013, he produced an ad campaign for ABC's anti-bullying initiative with GLESN. Political projects
In 2004, <mask> worked on the trailer for The Hunting of the President, a documentary about President Bill Clinton. In recent years, <mask> has collaborated on a number of projects featuring former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton. In 2008, <mask> produced the critically acclaimed tribute film introducing Hillary Clinton at the Democratic National Convention. Since 2009, <mask>'s company has created four films on Worldwide Food Security for then Secretary of State Clinton, all narrated by actor Matt Damon. In November 2012, <mask> produced another Clinton project for Haim <mask>, a Clinton donor and founder of the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution.The short film screened at the Center's annual dinner, where Hillary Clinton was the keynote speaker. The film featured interviews with Israeli Prime MinisterBenjamin Netanyahu, former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and President Barack Obama. The project praised Clinton's career achievements. The project drew positive reviews; The New York Times reported the video “roared,” while the Washington Post exclaimed, “I am momentarily distracted by the pure excitement I felt simply watching such high value campaign film-making art.” The project garnered additional media coverage from The Washington Post, MSNBC, CBS and NBC’s “Meet the Press” and on CNN’s “The Situation Room.”

<mask> completed two congressional TV campaigns for Democratic National Committee Chair Debbie Wasserman <mask>, which included a 2012 ad. He also completed a short for The Shriver Report with journalist and former California First Lady <mask>. Documentaries
In 2013 <mask> produced and directed Oscar de la Renta: An American Icon, a documentary celebrating the life of the word-renowned fashion icon. Produced in conjunction with the Clinton Foundation, the project featured personal interviews with Anna Wintour, Barbara Walters, Diane Von Furstenberg and the Clinton family.It premiered at the Clinton Presidential Center and was also screened during an event honoring de la Renta at New York's Carnegie Hall. A new version of the film featured Laura Bush—another former First Lady for whom de la Renta designed dresses—and was screened at the George W. Bush Presidential Library. <mask> has additionally produced projects for fashion brands such as Cole Haan, Nike and BCBG. <mask> has been to Israel many times in the last three years to direct fundraising films on behalf of Haim <mask> and the Jewish charity he supports, the FIDF. In 2016, <mask> directed a short film with Robert Redford at the Sundance Film Festival for the NEA. The project was nominated for an Emmy and a Producer's Guild Award. <mask> is currently in post-production on two feature-length documentaries he has directed, one follows the internationally acclaimed Carnegie Hall National Youth Orchestra  on an unprecedented sixteen-day concert tour of China.The second called the Last Salute was filmed on location at Auschwitz – Birkenau and reunites Holocaust survivors with their Liberators. A scene from the film has been viewed on Facebook over 66 million times. <mask> has traveled extensively through China to research and develop a feature film he is producing in China  based on an original screenplay written by the Academy Awarding screenwriter of Rain Man and My Best Friend's Wedding, Ron Bass. <mask> raised American Quarter Horses for over twenty years with his wife. Their stallion, DON'TMESSWITHMYCHIC rose to become a world champion competitor,  winning second place in the 2005 World Reigning competition. <mask> is an alumni Big Brother of the Big Brothers program. <mask> can't resist a good Philly Cheese Steak or  soft pretzels!References

http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1996-07-05/features/9607050076_1_trailer-movie-studio-distributed

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Businesspeople from Philadelphia
Television producers from Pennsylvania
Temple University alumni

masks:
Richard S
. Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Stevie Nicks
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Saban
Kaufman
Schultz
Maria Shriver
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Saban
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman
Kaufman


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<mask> (1600/1601 – 1667) was an English naval officer and politician, who sat in the House of Commons from 1661 to 1667. As Surveyor of the Navy, he was a colleague of Samuel Pepys, who disliked him and disparaged him several times in his famous Diary. Early life
<mask> was the son of <mask> of Somerset, master in the Royal Navy. In 1625 he was stated to be one of the commanders of two ships sent on a whaling voyage to Spitsbergen by the Yarmouth merchant Thomas Horth. In August 1626 he took out letters of marque for the Salutation of London, owned by Andrew Hawes and others. He was master of the Salutation again in 1628, and in April of the following year <mask>, along with Horth and Hawes, was ordered by the Privy Council not to send up the Salutation, now of Yarmouth, to "Greenland" (Spitsbergen), but they sent her and another ship up anyway. The ships of the Muscovy Company seized both ships at Spitsbergen and drove them away clean (empty).In 1630 he was master and part-owner of the Charles of London, and in 1635 was still serving as a master in the merchant service. In 1638 Batten obtained the post of Surveyor of the Navy, probably by purchase. Civil War
In March 1642 Batten was appointed second-in-command under Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick, the Parliamentary admiral who took the fleet out of the King's hands, and up to the end of the First Civil War showed himself a steady partisan of Parliament. It was Vice-Admiral <mask>'s squadron which bombarded Scarborough when Henrietta Maria landed there. He was accused (it appears unjustly) by the Royalists of directing his fire particularly on the house occupied by the Queen. In 1643 he was appointed Captain of Deal Castle. In 1644 he was at Plymouth, where he fortified the tip of the peninsula, which has been known since as Mount Batten.<mask> continued to patrol the English seas until the end of the First Civil War. His action in 1647 in bringing into Portsmouth a number of Swedish warships and merchantmen which had refused the customary salute to the flag, was approved by Parliament. When the Second Civil War broke out, he was distrusted by the Independents and removed from his command, though he professed continued willingness to serve the state. When part of the fleet revolted against Parliament and joined the Prince of Wales in May 1648, <mask> went with them. He was knighted by the prince, but being suspected by the Royalists, was put ashore mutinously in Holland. He returned to England and lived in retirement during the Commonwealth period. Restoration
At the Restoration, <mask> again became Surveyor of the Navy.This put him in constant touch with Samuel Pepys, who mentions him frequently in his Diary. Pepys came to dislike <mask> and made numerous insinuations against his integrity, but there is no evidence to show that <mask>, in profiting from his office, infringed the generally accepted ethics of the time, or Pepys's own standards, for he also accepted bribes. Pepys's picture of Batten is not wholly consistent: he portrays him as a devious schemer, but <mask> often comes across in the Diary as a typical old sailor, open-natured and quick-tempered. Pepys himself noted that the easiest way to deal with Batten was to make him lose his temper, "for then he will tell you everything in his mind." Relations between Pepys and the Battens were not always unfriendly: when Pepys's old enemy Mr Field, who had sued him successfully for false imprisonment, tried to have him arrested in view of the judgement, Pepys acknowledged gratefully that the Battens had sheltered him in their own house until the crisis was over. <mask> was elected in 1661 as a member for Rochester in the Cavalier Parliament and held the seat until his death in 1667. In 1663 he was made master of Trinity House.He acquired through marriage an estate at Walthamstow, where he was described by Pepys, possibly with a touch of envy, as "living like a prince"; Pepys also thought that the Battens were living well beyond their means. Certainly at <mask>'s death he left an estate smaller than his family seems to have expected. His heavily indebted eldest son, also named <mask>, sold Walthamstow and all his father's other real property in the 1670s. Family
Batten married first in 1625 Margaret Browne, daughter of <mask>, by whom he had six children, of whom at least four survived him: <mask> (a barrister of Lincoln's Inn), Benjamin, who followed his father into the Navy, Mary, who married James Lemon (or Leming), and Martha (born 1637) who in 1663 married <mask>, a shipwright ("I do not envy him his wife," wrote Pepys spitefully). All the children and their spouses are referred to in Pepys's Diary: he has little good to say of them in general (detesting <mask> in particular), although with his usual eye for an attractive woman, he admired young <mask>'s wife, Margaret Alcock. Rather illogically, given his poor relations with the family, he was offended at not being invited to the christening of young <mask>'s first child (yet another <mask>) in 1663. Margaret Browne's brother, Captain John Browne, was master of the ship Rosebush.Pepys, who liked him, expressed his regret at Browne's death in 1663 due to a drunken fight with a sailor. <mask> married secondly, in 1659, Elizabeth Woodstocke (née Turner), widow of <mask> of Westminster. Pepys, although he appreciated her presents of home-grown wine, came to dislike <mask> as much as he did her husband, and in his Diary made seemingly unfounded attacks on her virtue. Death
Batten died "after being but two days sick" on 5 October 1667. Pepys, despite their past bad relations, wrote that he was sorry for the death of a good neighbour. He did not attend the funeral, but took an interest in the quarrels between Lady Batten and her stepchildren over the size of her husband's estate; Lady <mask> later complained she had been "left a beggar". Pepys records his condolence call on the widow, noting that widows weep for their husbands, but soon leave off grieving, as is natural given the cares of the world.In 1671 she remarried, as his second wife, Johan Barckmann, Baron Leijonbergh, the Swedish Resident to the English Court (subsequently Ambassador 1672–1691). She died in 1683. A quarrel between Pepys and Leijonbergh, which led to an abortive duel, may have been caused by Lady <mask>'s claim that Pepys was withholding money due to the Batten estate. Footnotes

References

1600s births
1667 deaths
English sailors
Members of Trinity House
British people in whaling
Captains of Deal Castle
Roundheads
Cavaliers
Surveyors of the Navy
History of the Arctic
Explorers of Svalbard
English MPs 1661–1679
17th-century explorers
17th-century Royal Navy personnel

masks:
Sir William Batten
Batten
Andrew Batten
Batten
Batten
Batten
Batten
Batten
Batten
Batten
Batten
Batten
Batten
William
William Browne
William junior
William Castle
William Castle
William Batten
William
William
Batten
William Woodstocke
Lady Batten
Batten
Batten


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<mask> (born 2 March 1973) is a French actress, filmmaker and screenwriter. She has directed five feature films and two short films since 2008, including the film Declaration of War (2011). Early life
<mask> was born in Épinal (France). She grew up in Créteil, near Paris. She moved to Lille with her family when she was 14 years old before going back to Paris at the age of 19. Before starting to work in the cinema, Donzelli first studied architecture, but abandoned it quickly. She started playing theatre at the municipal conservatory of the 10th arrondissement of Paris, but always kept a bad memory of this period.For a living, she worked at a bakery in Paris. She met Jérémie Elkaïm at that time, who became her partner, both in life and at work, and who encouraged her to quit the conservatory and her job at the bakery to become an actress. They now have two kids; the oldest one, Gabriel, inspired the movie Declaration of War. They are now separated, but still have a close relationship. Career
In 2001, <mask> <mask> was the leading actress in Martha Martha, by Sandrine Veysset, which was presented at Directors' Fortnight, Le Plus Beau Jour de ma vie, and also Entre ses mains. She achieved great success among French public thanks to the French TV show Clara Sheller (2005), in which she plays Jeanne, best friend of the main character. <mask>'s first film, The Queen of Hearts (), in which she was the leading actress, was more successful than expected.Jérémie Elkaïm is also co-writer. The film was presented at Locarno International Film Festival. Despite its low budget, the film can be considered a success because of its 30,000 spectators. In 2011, with the help of her now ex-partner Jérémie Elkaïm, <mask> <mask> directed her second full-length feature film, Declaration of War. This movie, presented during the 2011 Cannes Festival, achieved great success, both with the public and critics, in France. It is directly inspired by their private life, relating how their couple fought against their son's cancer when he was 18 months. As Tim Palmer notes, "Declaration of War serves as an emblematic, even quintessential, contemporary French production: a barometer to gauge ﬁlm industry standards and prevailing French cultural taste, a standard-bearer of ostensibly progressive materials, an ambassador text for French screen values."The movie was selected for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2012, but was not part of the final list. <mask> directed once again Jérémie Elkaïm in Main dans la main (2012), with also <mask> Lemercier in the leading role. Donzelli considers that this is always a politic and engaged gesture to make films as women, and admires Agnès Varda for her work and her status of first women filmmaker into French Cinema. <mask> <mask> is part of the jury during Locarno International Film Festival in 2013. She presents Que d'Amour!, a TV adaptation from the play The Game of Love and Chance (Le Jeu de l'Amour et du Hasard), by Marivaux, with Comédie-Française' sociétaires. Her 2015 film Marguerite & Julien was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival. She was named as the President of the Jury of the International Critics' Week section of the 2016 Cannes Film Festival.Filmography

Actress

Features
2001: Martha Martha by Sandrine Veysset: Martha
2001: Les Âmes câlines by Thomas Bardinet: Émilie
2003: That Woman by Guillaume Nicloux: Claire Atken
2003: Who Killed Bambi? by Gilles Marchand: Nathalie
2005: Mystification ou l'histoire des portraits by Sandrine Rinaldi: Emilie
2005: Le Plus Beau Jour de ma vie by Julie Lipinski: Éléonore
2005: Entre ses mains by Anne Fontaine: Valérie
2005: Voici venu le temps by Alain Guiraudie: Soniéra Noubi-Datch
2006: L'Intouchable by Benoît Jacquot: theatre actress
2006: L'Homme qui rêvait d'un enfant by Delphine Gleize: Suzanne
2007: Il fait beau dans la plus belle ville du monde by <mask> Donzelli
2007: 7 ans by Jean-Pascal Hattu : Maïté
2009: The Queen of Hearts by <mask> Donzelli: Adèle
2011: Declaration of War by Valérie Donzelli: Juliette
2011: Belleville Tokyo by Élise Girard: Marie Tourelle
2011: Iris in Bloom by <mask> Mréjen and Bertrand Schefer
2011: Pourquoi tu pleures?

masks:
Valérie Donzelli
Valérie Donzelli
Valérie
Donzelli
Donzelli
Valérie
Donzelli
Donzelli
Valérie
Valérie
Donzelli
Valérie
Valérie
Valérie


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<mask> AM (born 19 February 1946) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Hawthorn Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and for the New Norfolk Football Club and Glenorchy Football Club in the Tasmanian Australian National Football League (TANFL). A Legend in the Australian Football Hall of Fame, <mask> is considered one of the greatest full-forwards in the game's history. He holds the highest career goal-per-game average (5.64) in VFL/AFL history, and is only one of two VFL/AFL footballers (the other being ' John Coleman) to average more than 5 goals per game. He was the first VFL/AFL player to kick 100 or more goals in a season five times, equalled Bob Pratt's VFL/AFL record of 150 goals in a season in 1971 and, after the AFL decided to retrospectively recognise the leading VFL goalkickers during the home-and-away season back to 1955, won the Coleman Medal four times. <mask> was a superb reader of the play and knew how to use his body well in one-on-one contests. He had a safe pair of hands and although he was known for using the flat punt when kicking for goal, he was usually very accurate. Over his career, he kicked 1,721 goals in 288 premiership games between 1963 and 1979, and 1981.His final match was in the 1981 TANFL Preliminary Final for Glenorchy, where <mask>, who had made a brief comeback with two rounds remaining due to Glenorchy having a string of injuries, kicked 30 goals in three matches, including six in his team's Preliminary Final loss to New Norfolk. <mask> was kept goalless just four times during his career in premiership matches by Richmond's Barry Richardson in Round 7 of 1969, Collingwood's Ian Cooper in Round 2 of 1974, Carlton's Rod Austin in Round 14 of 1977 and in the TANFL, Bruce Greenhill of Sandy Bay in 1978. Some sources list <mask> as playing 107 games and kicking 769 goals for Glenorchy for a TANFL total of 185 games and 1,147 goals, and a career total of 314 games and 1,875 goals. These discrepancies arise from the TANFL including goals scored in intrastate matches representing the TANFL in TANFL player's career statistics at that time, a ruling that was later rescinded. If the Tasmanian competitions, representative and night series games are considered, <mask> played an overall total of 372 matches and kicked 2,191 goals – an average of 5.89 goals a game over his entire career – making him the highest goalkicker in elite Australian rules football history. <mask> also experienced success as a coach during and after his playing days, leading Glenorchy to a TANFL premiership as playing coach and later coaching Hobart to successive finals appearances. He also became a respected club administrator, serving as CEO at  and  during the 1990s.VFL career
<mask>'s arrival in the VFL came at a period when full-forwards were beginning to experience a resurgence, most notable being Doug Wade of  and <mask> of . After sitting out the first game of 1967 as he didn't meet the league's residential requirements, <mask>'s first game was against . Lining up against rugged full-back Wes Lofts, he managed to kick four goals. In 1971 he equalled Bob Pratt's record of 150 goals in a season after kicking three goals in Hawthorn's winning Grand Final side. <mask> kicked into the man-on-the-mark Barry Lawrence (St Kilda) in one of his attempts to break the record during the grand final. In the first round of 1972 he seriously injured his knee just before half time. He had already kicked 8 goals and had just taken a mark within distance when he fell awkwardly.It was thought that his career had finished. On 25 August 1973 he returned from Tasmania to kick eight goals against Collingwood at VFL Park. After playing Rounds 1 and 2 in 1974, he again injured his knee and returned to Tasmania. After hurting his knee playing netball later that year he decided to have knee surgery in the summer. He did not play another VFL game until lured back for the 1977 season when he ended up kicking 110 goals for the season. colspan=3 | Career
! 129 !!727 !! 330 !! 1578 !! 176 !! 1754 !! 782 !! 5.6 !!2.6 !! 12.2 !! 1.4 !! 13.6 !! 6.1 !! 78
|}

Honours and achievements
Team
 VFL Premiership player (): 1971
 Minor premiership (): 1971
 TANFL Premiership player (Glenorchy): 1975

Individual
 4× Coleman Medal: 1968, 1970, 1971, 1977
 2× J.J. Dennis Memorial Trophy: 1968, 1970
 6× Hawthorn leading goalkicker: 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1977
 2× All-Australian team: 1966, 1969
 2× William Leitch Medal: 1978, 1979
 New Norfolk best and fairest: 1965
 3× Glenorchy best and fairest: 1976, 1978, 1979
 8× TFL leading goalkicker: 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1979
 4× New Norfolk leading goalkicker: 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966
 4× Glenorchy leading goalkicker: 1975, 1976, 1978, 1979
 Australian Football Hall of Fame – Legend status
 Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame Icon
 Hawthorn Hall of Fame – Legend status
 Hawthorn Team of the Century
 Tasmanian Team of the Century
 Hawthorn life member

Post VFL
<mask> coached and played for Glenorchy Football Club in the TFL in 1975 and 1976, taking them to a premiership in his first year. Following his second return from the VFL, in 1978 he once again played for Glenorchy, kicking 153 goals and winning the highest individual honour in the TFL, the William Leitch Medal.In the next season he again topped the goalkicking with 179 goals, winning his second William Leitch medal. He retired as a player at the end of the season. He coached Hobart in the TFL in 1986–1987 for consecutive unsuccessful finals campaigns. In 1979, he was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in the Australia Day Honours, for services to Australian football. He was inducted into the Australian Football Hall of Fame in 1996 and elevated to "Legend" status in 1999. His citation reads: "A freakish full-forward who just kept accumulating goals. Made brilliant use of the body, was deadly accurate and had an amazing ability to read the play.Holds the best goals per game average (5.59) in VFL/AFL history and in 1971 matched Bob Pratt's record for most goals in a season with 150." <mask> is well respected for his business acumen. Since retirement he has had a stint as the Chief Executive Officer at Hawthorn and St Kilda. Currently he is a senior executive of insurance giant Bupa. <mask> was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 2001. <mask> is depicted in a Tasmanian state guernsey taking a mark against South Australia in Jamie Cooper's painting the Game That Made Australia, commissioned by the AFL in 2008 to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the sport

In 2010, <mask> became the eleventh player to feature in a Toyota Memorable Moments advertisement with Stephen Curry and Dave Lawson, comically re-enacting his unsuccessful attempt to break Bob Pratt's goal-kicking record in the 1971 VFL Grand Final. Family
His son Paul also played for the Hawthorn Football Club, Western Bulldogs and Richmond Football Club, and nephew Simon Minton-Connell also played AFL football for the Carlton Football Club, Sydney Swans, Hawthorn Football Club and Western Bulldogs.See also
 List of Australian rules football families

References

External links

 AFL Hall of Fame - Legends section
 AFL official statistics

1946 births
Living people
Australian rules footballers from Tasmania
Hawthorn Football Club players
Hawthorn Football Club Premiership players
Hawthorn Football Club administrators
<mask> Medal winners
Coleman Medal winners
All-Australians (1953–1988)
Tasmanian State of Origin players
Glenorchy Football Club players
New Norfolk Football Club players
Hobart Football Club coaches
Glenorchy Football Club coaches
William Leitch Medal winners
Members of the Order of Australia
Australian Football Hall of Fame inductees
Sport Australia Hall of Fame inductees
Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame inductees
One-time VFL/AFL Premiership players

masks:
Peter John Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Peter McKenna
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Hudson
Peter Crimmins


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Gabriella Michelle "<mask>" <mask> (born 12 January 1996) is an English singer and songwriter. She competed in the ninth series of The X Factor UK in 2012, and finished in sixth place despite being a strong favourite to win. She signed with Syco Music shortly after, and released her debut studio album, Chapter One (2014), which reached number one in the UK. The album spawned the chart-topping single "Ghost", as well as the top 20 singles "Glow" and "Yours". Following the successful collaborations, "Glitterball" with Sigma and "Here for You" with Kygo in 2015, <mask> went on a four-year hiatus. She returned to music in 2019 and released the singles "This Is Real" with Jax Jones, "We Got Love" with Sigala (both in 2019), and "Let's Go Home Together" with Tom Grennan (2021), two of which reached the top 10 in the UK. Her second studio album, Everything I Didn't Say, is set to be released in March 2022.Early life
Gabriella <mask> was born in Tetney, Lincolnshire on 12 January 1996, to a Scottish father, Sean, and an English mother of Swedish ancestry, Michelle. She has two brothers named Patrick and Fraser, and a sister named Holly. <mask> began singing around the age of three and taught herself to play the piano a few years later. She began to put on shows for her family at Christmas and developed a special bond with her grandfather Bill, who encouraged her to pursue her love of music and songwriting. Her interest developed further at primary school, St Martins Prep School in Grimsby, and she subsequently decided to audition for a scholarship place at Tring Park School for the Performing Arts in Hertfordshire. <mask> succeeded in gaining a scholarship and boarded at the school from the age of 11 to 16. She attended the school at the same time as Dan Ferrari-Lane of boyband District3, who was on The X Factor with <mask> in 2012.In early 2012, <mask> made a singing appearance on a celebrity Christmas special of Channel 4's Come Dine with Me, where she performed "All I Want for Christmas Is You". Career

2012: The X Factor

In 2012, <mask> auditioned for series nine of The X Factor with the original song called "Missed", which was later included on her debut studio album. She reached the live shows and was mentored by Tulisa. <mask> and James Arthur were controversially in the bottom two in week seven and sang for survival. Tulisa and Louis Walsh voted to send <mask> through to the quarter-final and Nicole Scherzinger and Gary Barlow voted to send Arthur through to the quarter-final. The result went to deadlock and Arthur advanced to the quarter-final receiving 13.7% of the vote and <mask> received 12.1%. She consequently finished in sixth place, despite being a strong favourite to win.Presenter Dermot O'Leary described <mask>'s exit as "one of the biggest shocks we've ever had on the results show." During the show and following her exit, a number of celebrities came out in support and praise of <mask>, including Adele, Chloë Grace Moretz, Simon Cowell, Sarah Millican, Stephen Fry, Lily Allen, Nick Grimshaw and Cher. In 2013, on The Xtra Factor, O'Leary named <mask> the most talented performer in his seven years on the show, in his view. 2012–2015: Chapter One

In December 2012, <mask> Klass Heart FM show that month. In January 2013, <mask> confirmed she had signed to Simon Cowell's record label Syco Music.During January and February 2013, she took part in The X Factor live tour, where she sang four songs: her X Factor audition song "Missed", "Believe", "Rule the World" and "You Got the Love". She also performed "Believe" at the 18th National Television Awards in January, and appeared as a special guest at the Capital Summertime Ball in June, where she performed a duet of "Beneath Your Beautiful" with Labrinth. <mask>'s debut single, "Ghost", co-written with Ryan Tedder, was released on 8 June 2014. It debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart, and remained in the top five of the chart for eight consecutive weeks. It has subsequently been certified platinum for sales in Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The song later ranked at number 84 on the Official Charts Company list of the 100 biggest songs of the 2010s in the UK. Its follow-up, "Glow", was released on 5 October 2014 and charted at number seven in the UK.<mask>'s debut studio album, Chapter One, was released on 13 October 2014. It was written by <mask> in collaboration with a number of writers and producers including Claude Kelly, Salaam Remi, Babyface and TMS. The album peaked at number one on the UK Albums Chart, and was the 19th and 31st best-selling album in the UK in 2014 and 2015, respectively. It was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI). The album also charted in the top 20 in Australia, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland, and the United States. Its third and fourth singles, "Yours" and "Mirror Man", were released on 30 November 2014 and 9 March 2015, respectively. The former charted at number 16 in the UK.<mask> performed as the supporting act for Take That on their 38 date Take That Live 2015 UK tour, while embarking on her debut headlining UK tour in October and November 2015. That July, she featured on drum and bass duo Sigma's single "Glitterball", which peaked at number four in the UK. <mask> also featured on Norwegian record producer and DJ Kygo's song "Here for You", which was released on 4 September. The collaboration achieved global-wide chart success peaking within the top 20 in the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 2016–2019: Asylum Records and Glorious

In November 2016, <mask> announced that she had finished recording her second studio album, having worked with Danny O'Donoghue from The Script and producer Max Martin. In April 2017, it was announced that she would be supporting James Arthur on his Back from the Edge Tour. In June, she featured along with other artists, including fellow X Factor artists Leona Lewis, Louis Tomlinson, Liam Payne, James Arthur, Louisa Johnson and Matt Terry on a cover version of Simon & Garfunkel's song "Bridge over Troubled Water", which was recorded to raise money for those affected by the Grenfell Tower fire in London earlier that month.The single reached number one in the UK after only two days sales. Later that year, it was announced that Arthur had recorded a duet with <mask>, reportedly set to be included on her second studio album. While supporting him on his tour, she performed new songs that were set to be included on the record: "Ugly", "Cry Like a Woman", "Bones", "Solid Gold" and "Let's Go Home Together", her duet with Arthur. In February 2018, it was announced that <mask> and Syco Music had parted ways. In a statement, a Syco representative stated: "Syco and <mask> are parting company. We wish <mask> all the best for the future and thank her for her hugely successful contribution over the years." In May 2018, <mask>mental on their European tour that year. Regarding the scrapped material, <mask> later told i: "I did write an album – well, I say an album, I wrote a body of work. But I was so lost in terms of who I was as a person that I wasn't ready to release it. I knew that if I didn't know what was going on, my fans wouldn't either." On 13 September 2019, <mask> released "Glorious" as the lead single from her EP of the same name, which was released on 8 November. Its second single, "Young", was released on 11 October.<mask> also featured on Jax Jones' song "This Is Real", from his debut album Snacks (Supersize), which was released as a single on 11 October, and on Sigala's single "We Got Love", which was released on 1 November. Both tracks charted in the UK, peaking at numbers 9 and 42, respectively. 2020–present: Everything I Didn’t Say

<mask> featured on Dutch DJ Sam Feldt's song "Hold Me Close" released on 27 March 2020. She followed it with the single "Take Care of You" on 12 June, which reached number 50 in the UK. In July, she provided uncredited vocals for a UK top five single she had co-written titled "Lighter" by British DJ and producer Nathan Dawe, featuring British YouTuber and rapper KSI. <mask> released the single "Dream On Me" with Roger Sanchez on 2 October 2020, and a Christmas song "Blame It on the Mistletoe" with AJ Mitchell on 4 December. On 19 February 2021, she released her collaboration with Tom Grennan titled "Let's Go Home Together", which debuted at number 28 in the UK and peaked at 10 becoming <mask>'s fifth UK top 10 single.The song was originally a duet between <mask> and James Arthur, and they performed it together live on Arthur's 2017 arena tour, but due to a scheduling conflict <mask> recorded its single version with Grennan instead. On 20 August 2021, <mask> released the single "Risk It All" with House Gospel Choir and Just Kiddin, followed by a collaboration with the French DJ duo Ofenbach titled "Hurricane" the next month. On 7 January 2022, she released the single "Brave", which precedes her second studio album, Everything I Didn’t Say, set to be released on 11 March 2022. Personal life
In 2020, <mask> announced that she was dating British swimmer Jack Burnell, whom she met at the beginning of the year. Discography

 Chapter One (2014)
 Everything I Didn’t Say (2022)

Tours

Headlining
Chapter One Tour (2015)
Everything I Didn’t Say Tour (2022)

Supporting
Take That Live (2015; UK leg)
Back from the Edge Tour (2017)
 Tales from The Script: Greatest Hits (2022)

Awards and nominations

References

Notes

Sources

External links

1996 births
Living people
English women pop singers
English people of Scottish descent
English child singers
English women singer-songwriters
English soul singers
Musicians from Lincolnshire
People from Tetney, Lincolnshire
People educated at Tring Park School for the Performing Arts
Syco Music artists
The X Factor (British TV series) contestants
21st-century English women singers
21st-century English singers

masks:
Ella
Henderson
Henderson
Michelle Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Hendersone
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Ella Henderson
Ella
Hendersonudiudi
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson
Henderson


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<mask> (born 14 December 1967) is an English football coach and former professional footballer, he is assistant manager of Burnley. As a player, he was a left winger who notably played in the Premier League for Nottingham Forest, where he overall played a decade at the City Ground, winning two promotions and playing in the UEFA Cup. He also had brief spells in the Football League with Barnsley, Swindon Town and Shrewsbury Town, as well as time in Major League Soccer with Columbus Crew and Miami Fusion before finishing his career with lower-league stateside team Syracuse Salty Dogs although in 2007 he briefly came out of retirement with Hucknall Town. Prior to his professional career he had played in Wales with Caernarfon Town and Newtown and with non-league sides Heswall and Runcorn. Following retirement, <mask> returned to Swindon Town as a youth team coach before joining Rushden & Diamonds as a first team coach. He returned to Forest as a youth team coach in 2007 before joining Portsmouth, where in 2009 he took over as caretaker manager. He has since held the role of assistant manager at Watford before joining Burnley.Playing career

Early career
Born in Heswall, Cheshire, <mask> started his career in 1985 at Manchester City but never made a start for the then First Division club. He spent five years playing in the lower leagues, including spells at Heswall, Welsh sides Caernarfon Town and Newtown, and Runcorn. His big break came, aged 22, when on 14 March 1990 he joined first division side Nottingham Forest for a fee of £80,000. Nottingham Forest
<mask> did not make an appearance for the Midlanders in the latter half of the 1989–90 season, his debut coming almost ten months after joining the club. He made his first appearance on 2 January 1991 as a substitute in a 6–2 victory over Norwich City and went on to make 12 appearances that season, scoring three league goals. He started the 1991 FA Cup Final against Tottenham Hotspur, and was taken off after 63 minutes for Steve Hodge. Forest went on to lose the match in extra time.On 20 April 1992, <mask> scored the first goal in a 2–1 victory over Manchester United at Old Trafford, as United's title challenge imploded in the run-in of the last season of the old First Division. Praised for his languid left foot, attacking flair, crossing and shooting ability, but questioned over his lack of pace, <mask> established himself as one of the most prominent figures in the Forest team. Forest finished in third place in the 1994–95 season, booking a UEFA Cup place for the following year. In the fifth round of the 1995–96 FA Cup, <mask> scored two long-range free-kicks, the second from an acute angle, to secure a 2–2 draw with Tottenham. <mask> later said "I knew I wouldn't stand a chance [of taking the free kicks] had Stuart [Pearce] not been injured. I've tried that [the second free-kick] a hundred times and it always ends up in the Trent!" Forest went on to win the replay at White Hart Lane 3–1 on penalties after a 1–1 draw, with <mask> converting his spot kick.Forest made it to the quarter-finals of both the FA Cup and UEFA Cup in 1995–96 but finished 9th in the league and failed to qualify for Europe. In the penultimate game of the season, Forest faced Newcastle United, who were still hoping to secure their first Premier League title. In an echo of his late intervention in 1992, <mask> scored a long distance effort and the game finished 1–1. The title subsequently went to Manchester United. Following manager Frank Clark's departure in December 1996, <mask>'s Forest career began to suffer although the winger was the only player to play for the Reds in each year of the 1990s. During his ten-year spell at the club, <mask> made 189 league appearances – as well as 32 substitute appearance – delivering 31 goals during his time. Later career
Upon leaving Forest in 2000, and after a short trial with Bolton Wanderers, <mask> signed for Swindon Town and in the 2000/01 season, producing three goals from 25 appearances.A year later <mask> found himself joining American team Columbus Crew. Married to an American wife, the then 33-year-old winger endured a difficult season in Major League Soccer with the team winning just two of their eight opening matches. This led to the replacing of manager Tom Fitzgerald, the man who had secured <mask>'s contract in America. At the end of the season, <mask> was traded to the Miami Fusion and finished his MLS career with them. In 2002, <mask> returned to England and signed for struggling Shrewsbury Town, who were at the bottom of the Third Division. <mask> teamed up with ex-Forest striker Nigel Jemson and the pair notably inspired the Shrews to one of their greatest ever results. The Shropshire outfit defeated Everton – who featured a young Wayne Rooney – in January 2003 in the third round of the FA Cup, with Jemson scoring twice.It was <mask>'s last minute cross that ensured the Premier League side's fate, but the Shrews were knocked out of the competition 4–0 by Chelsea the next round in a televised match. Shrewsbury were relegated that season and <mask> returned to America. <mask> then joined the Syracuse Salty Dogs of the A-League (the U.S. second tier) and competed in another season in the States before deciding to return to England. Coaching career
<mask> headed back to Swindon Town, taking charge of the under 18 side at the County Ground until deciding to move to Rushden & Diamonds as first team coach for Paul Hart in July 2006. Following the sacking of Hart later on in 2006, <mask> then returned to Nottingham Forest, charged with coaching some of the youngsters coming through the Forest Academy. In March 2007 he was signed for Hucknall Town by one-time teammate Andy Legg, but didn't play in any games. On 7 July 2007, Premier League outfit Portsmouth announced that <mask> had joined as coach of their Under-18s.In November 2009, he was appointed joint caretaker manager at Portsmouth along with Paul Groves, following the dismissal of Hart. His appointment only lasted several days, and he moved aside for the arrival of Avram Grant as the full-time manager. In the summer of 2010, following the departure of Grant to West Ham United and the appointment of Steve Cotterill as the new Portsmouth manager, <mask> was appointed first team coach. In June 2011, he joined Watford as assistant manager. In the summer of 2012, <mask> and Tony Loughlan departed Watford after Gianfranco Zola's appointment as manager. On 30 October 2012, <mask> linked up with former management partner Sean Dyche at Burnley The pair signed a three-year deal. Personal life
He is the son of <mask> who also played professionally, most notably for Northampton Town, Crystal Palace and Aldershot.References

1967 births
People from Heswall
Living people
Association football midfielders
English footballers
Manchester City F.C. players
Heswall F.C. players
Caernarfon Town F.C. players
Newtown A.F.C. players
Runcorn F.C. Halton players
Nottingham Forest F.C. players
Barnsley F.C.players
Swindon Town F.C. players
Columbus Crew players
Miami Fusion players
Shrewsbury Town F.C. players
Syracuse Salty Dogs players
Hucknall Town F.C. players
National League (English football) players
Premier League players
English Football League players
Major League Soccer players
A-League (1995–2004) players
Portsmouth F.C. non-playing staff
Portsmouth F.C. managers
Watford F.C. non-playing staff
Burnley F.C.non-playing staff
English expatriate footballers
Expatriate soccer players in the United States
English expatriate sportspeople in the United States
English football managers
FA Cup Final players

masks:
Ian Simon Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Woan
Alan Woan


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<mask> (September 29, 1950 – June 5, 2017) was an American artist and educator. She worked with video art, net art, installation art, interactive performance, and emerging and experimental technologies since the 1970s. Themes in her work address "issues of home, defined locally as domesticity and more broadly as the ways in which we relate to our environment." An early work, "Home Invasion [1995]," incorporating critical dialogue and audio, is accessible from Leonardo. "Domestic space—formerly inviolable—is increasingly disrupted by electronic communication of all sorts, including radio, TV, email and the telephone." She was Chicago-based. Early life and education
Barbier was born and grew up in Hegewisch in Chicago.She graduated from Francis de Sales High School. Barbier attended the University of Illinois at Chicago and received her bachelor's degree in 1974 in Plastic and Graphic Art. In 1977, she received a MFA degree from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago (SAIC). Career
Driven by life experiences, Barbier's perspective on home evolved over the years. At one point Barbier dropped out of college to spend a year in France, which was formative in making issues of home, culture and identity central to her work. Years later, a Fulbright lectureship in India with her 3-year-old daughter confirmed the importance of travel in questioning one's conceptions about the world. Barbier once lived outside the city with her family on the edge of a Cook County forest preserve.This close connection to the natural environment, frequently spotting coyote, hawks, waterfowl, songbirds, and deer, made a lasting impression. Over time her focus has moved from an emphasis on the personal to a consideration of the global, looking at ways in which the home has come to be defined more broadly as populations shift, and as our interdependence becomes increasingly clear. In her late work, Barbier re-investigated the ways in which embodiment can facilitate the expression of an idea, calling into question our relationship to the natural world using technology as a metaphor for loss. Loss of material through the destructive process of laser engraving, which removes material through burning, is compared to loss of habitat, loss of entire species, and loss of diversity in our native plants and animals. Barbier's artwork addressing ideas of home and place, in contrast to natural worlds and systems, "poetically makes visible a small intersection in civilization that is incredibly complex, and broken" and emphasizes "vision as metaphor." Teaching
Barbier joined the faculty as an associate professor at Northwestern University in the Department of Radio/TV/Film in 1982, where she stayed until 2005. In 2005, she joined Columbia College Chicago in the Department of Interactive Arts and Media, where she remained until 2012 and left as a professor emeritus.Art collaborations
In addition to her individual practice <mask> has worked collaboratively through unreal-estates, her long-term collaboration with her partner Drew Browning. Working on several project since the 1970s, unreal-estates continues to probe the potential that new technologies make available, believing that original content arises from a dialogue between an artist and a medium. In addition, this dialogue need not need not be solely between the "Artist" and the medium; authorship can be extended to the viewer, making her a participant, through instruments like microphones and video cameras, and more recently computers, biofeedback devices, DNA scans, etc. <mask> and Browning have collaborated on many projects including performances, installations, and their daughter, Celine. They have also worked on projects investigating disability and public space. In 2012 unreal-estates and V1b3 (Video in the Built Environment)  received a joint grant from Propeller Fund to create a platform for a series of augmented reality [AR] public works. Cutting edge at the time, as one of the first artistic uses of augmented reality, Expose Intervene Occupy was the result, consisting in a range of artist projects that used augmented reality technology to engage critically with the Chicago public.unreal-estates has lectured and exhibited nationally and internationally, sharing both "the joys and sorrows of working with cutting edge technologies." An interview with unreal-estates was published in Media-N, Journal of the New Media Caucus [Fall 2010: v.06 n.02
Dynamic Coupling]

Select art exhibitions
2018
 Chicago New Media 1973–1992, Gallery 400, Chicago, IL, 10/1/19 - 12/15/19

2014
Solo show, Chicago Artists Coalition, August, 2014
Group show "Avian Spirits", Brushwood Center, Ryerson Woods Conservation Area, Lake Co., IL, 7- 9/2014
Group show "Extinctions", Brushwood Center, Ryerson Woods Conservation Area, Lake Co., IL, 3- 4/2014
Retrospective, Fountains Foundation 916, 2 – 3/2014;
Preview, show of BOLT residents at the Chicago Artists Coalition Gallery, 2/7 – 27. 2013
Transgressions, solo show at Brushwood Center, Ryerson Woods Conservation Area, Lake Co., IL, 11/9 /13 – 1/16/14
2012
Approach, Video Guerilla Tour 2012, São Paulo, Brazil, 11/12
Expose, Intervene, Occupy (EIO) documentary at International Symposium of Electronic Art (ISEA), Albuquerque, AZ, 9/12
Winds of Change, New Media Festival L.A., Los Angeles Center for Digital Art, Los Angeles, CA, 7/12 – 8/4/12
EIO at the University Film and Video Assn. (UFVA), Chicago, IL, 8/12
Scan2go, invited artist in College Art Association exhibit of mobile media based work, Los Angeles, CA, 2/2012. 2011
IDEAS exhibit at the International Digital Media Art Assn. (IDMAA) conference, Savannah, GA. Invited artist – Subtractions series; also two collaborative works with Drew Browning, Puff (interactive installation) and Winds of Change (video), juried exhibition 10/11
Brood, with Niki Nolin, at the Project Room, Columbia College Chicago, 7/11
V1b3 at the College Art Association, juried group show: Stages: video installation, NYC, 2/11
Synthesis: Processing and Collaboration invited group show at Calit 2 Gallery; Speak to Me Softly: video document of interactive installation, Jan. – March, 2011
V1b3 at the IDMAA conference, Vancouver, BC, 11/10, The American Dream, video 2010
Gallery Aferro, Newark, NJ, Home Invasion, audio work, 2,3/10 2009
Site Unseen (commissioned), Elevator Music, sound installation, Chicago Cultural Center, 11/09 2008
Upgrade Network, screening of Stages and Homeland Security Advice, Skopje, Macedonia, 9/08
2007
Polvo Gallery, Echelon, Search Terms: interactive installation; Chicago, IL, 8 – 9/07
Web3dart 2007, Dana Centre Science and Art Museum, London, UK and University of Perugia, Umbria, Italy, 5/07, Extreme Measures
2006
Site Unseen (commissioned), Chicago Cultural Center, Rise/Run, 11/06.2005
UFVA, Path of the Dragon, Homeland Security Advice, Escape, installations and video, 8/05, Chicago, IL - IDMAA conference, juried exhibition of Stigmata and Wave Harmonies, 2 interactive installations, Orlando, FL, 3/05
2004
Performance of River of Many Sides, commissioned by Art Synergy, collaboration with US and Vietnamese artists, 6/04, UIC theater, Chicago, Il
IDMAA conference, juried exhibition of Extreme Measures, a web work, Orlando, FL, 3/04
2003
Commission for Waiting in Line, an interactive installation at the Museum of Science and Industry, 8/ 14-18/2003
2002
"Home Works"- Betty Rymer Gallery, School of the Art Institute of Chicago; 12/02 _ 2/03; exhibition of HOME at the SAIC Alumni show. V.02, Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago April 18/19/02; exhibition of HOME in conference/exhibit on art and technology
2001
"Contact Zones", Nickle Art Museum, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 10-12/01. Home CDROM. Ars Electronica Conference and Exhibition, 9/2001, Linz, Austria; Home, a virtual reality environment for the CAVE
2000
Inter Society for Electronic Arts (ISEA), Home, Paris, France, 12/2000; -FILE, Home, Museum of Image and Sound, São Paulo, Brazil, 8-9/00
1998
Women in the Director's Chair, Patio Lights and 3 Minute Life, 3/98, Chicago, IL
1997
Included in "Electronic Immersions: 4 Generations of Illinois Artists" at the State of Illinois Gallery, 9-10/97, in connection with the ISEA conference in Chicago. Website, The Home Page, was featured in "Women and the Art of Multimedia" at the National Museum of Women in the Arts, 4-5/97. 1996
IV Congresso da Associacao Internacional da Semiotica Visual; "Video Narratives" 11-12/96
1995
Image Union (Ch. (Subsequently toured with these tapes on NY cablestations).*The Houston International Film Festival, Women's Movements, Silver Award Certificate, 4/90
UFVA, formal screening, Women's Movements, June, 1990, formal respondent John Caldwell (review published in Journal of South Asian Cinema). Contributing artist. -"Chicago", survey of work by Chicago artists, Banff Centre, Banff, Alberta, CA, 2-3/85
1984
Great Lakes Video and Film Festival, Milwaukee, WI, 10/84
One person exhibit, installations and tapes, the Center for New Television, Chicago, IL, 9/84 -Alternative Space, Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, 7/84
1983
Image Union, Ch. 34, #3
artnet.com, review by Victor M. Cassidy of "Path of the Dragon", in InTransit exhibition, Gosia Koscielak Gallery, 6/06
River of Many Sides, review by Kathryn Farley in The Artletter: www.artletter.com, 7/04 - Home cited in: Fischnaller, Franz. " E-Art ... Net ... Society" , Editori Riuniti, Rome, Italy, June, 2004
Paul Hertz, in Leonardo: The Journal of the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology, Vol. 30, No. 4, 1997, MIT Press.Caldwell, John, Journal of South Asian Cinema, 5/91
Kleinhans, Chuck, "Visual Narratives: New Chicago Video," New Art Examiner,5/87
Straayer, Chris, "Women in the Director's Chair", Afterimage, Vol. 14, #10, 5/87 -Bayard, Louis, "Reel life: A festival of females' films and videos", The Reader, 3/6/87
Hixson, Kathryn, "Video News: back to the story", The Reader, Feb. 13, 1987
Rankin, Scott, "Video and Language, Video as Language," Catalog for the exhibition at Los Angeles Contemporary Exhibition Center, 12/4/86 - 1/18/87
Smith, Amanda, "The Body and the Box", The Village Voice, 10/20/84

Publications
Bukalski, Peter J., and <mask>r. "University Film and Video Association guidelines for M.F.A. programs." Journal of Film and Video 52.1 (2000): 33-47. Kuiper, John B., et al. "Presidents forum: What should UFVA bring forward from the past to the future?"Journal of Film and Video 49.3 (1997): 73-84. Hardin, Ted. 3 Minute Life and Patio Lights. 50 Vol. Englewood: University Film and Video Association, 1998. Hardin, Ted. Video Reviews: "3 Minute Life" and "Piano Lights".50 Vol. Chicago, Ill: University Film and Video Association, 1998. <mask>, <mask>. Video Reviews: "In the Desert: A Webwork" Directed by Edmond Chibeau. 49 Vol. Chicago, Ill: University Film and Video Association, 1997. <mask>, <mask>.In the Desert: A Webwork. 49 Vol. Englewood: University Film and Video Association, 1997. <mask>, <mask>. "Video Reviews -- Dykeotomy Directed by Deborah Fort." Journal of Film and Video 45.2-3 (1993): 111
Barbier, <mask>. dykeotomy.45 Vol. Englewood: University Film and Video Association, 1993. References

External links
 Media Archive
Media Archive
Vimeo Account

1950 births
2017 deaths
20th-century American women artists
21st-century American women artists
Artists from Chicago
School of the Art Institute of Chicago alumni
Women digital artists

masks:
Annette Louise Barbier
Annette Barbier
Barbier
Annette Barbie
Barbier
Annette
Barbier
Annette
Barbier
Annette
Annette


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<mask> (born <mask>; January 20, 1834 – February 22, 1896) was an American lawyer and  Republican politician from Chicopee, Massachusetts. After serving in the Massachusetts General Court and United States House of Representatives, <mask> served three one-year terms as Governor of Massachusetts, notably defeating Benjamin Franklin Butler in the 1883 election. After leaving office, his most famous legal client was Lizzie Borden, notoriously accused of killing her father and stepmother. She was acquitted in a highly sensationalized trial. Born in Lexington and educated at Harvard, <mask> taught high school before becoming a lawyer. He gained a reputation as a fine Parliamentarian while serving in Congress. As governor, he promoted the passage of civil service reform legislation and labor-friendly wage and dispute-resolution laws.He aligned with the state's industrial leaders against public health advocates, and banned discrimination in the issuance of life insurance policies. As a lawyer, he gained notoriety for Borden's defense, and was criticized for defending fraudulent fraternal benefit societies. Early years
<mask> <mask> was born in Lexington, Massachusetts to Charles and Mary (<mask><mask>. The son of farmers, he attended Lexington Academy and Hopkins Classical School in Cambridge, and graduated from Harvard University in 1856. While at Harvard he was admitted to the Zeta Psi fraternity. In 1855, he had his name legally changed to "<mask> <mask>", supposedly because someone else in Lexington had a similar name to his. Although he had intended to study medicine, <mask> entered the teaching profession, serving as the principal of Chicopee High School in Chicopee, Massachusetts from 1856 to 1865.During this time, he engaged in some study of medicine. In 1865, he engaged in the study of law with his brother, and was admitted to the bar in 1866, opening a practice in Chicopee. <mask> entered politics in 1873, winning election to the Massachusetts House of Representatives as a Republican. He was then elected to the Massachusetts Senate in 1875, in each case representing Chicopee. He served on judiciary committees in both chambers, as well as a committee on constitutional amendments in the Senate. <mask> was one of a small number of legislators who refused free travel passes offered by the railroads. In 1876, <mask> was elected to the United States House of Representatives, where he served most of four terms.He gained a reputation in the chamber as an experienced Parliamentarian and debater. He sat on a number of committees, including the House Judiciary Committee, and was considered a "doer" who moved the business of the body forward. Governor
While serving in Congress, <mask> was nominated to run for Governor of Massachusetts in 1883, against the colorful incumbent Democrat Benjamin Butler. He ran on a platform of civil service reform (seeking to deal with issues of patronage), and defeated Butler by 10,000 votes. <mask> served three terms, winning by wider margins against other opponents. He was generally regarded as a fiscal conservative. During his tenure, legislation was enacted banning discrimination in the issuance of life insurance policies.He proposed successful legislation to extend free public education to every student, and required that textbooks be provided to each student free of charge. He also signed legislation requiring that corporations pay workers weekly, and established the state's first Board of Arbitration, which resolved disputes between workers and employers. A civil service reform bill, at the time the strictest in the nation, passed in 1884. It required even laborers hired by state and municipal governments to have minimal certification from a civil service commission established for the purpose. This effectively reduced certain types of patronage dispensed by elected officials, and may have been a Republican move to curtail the growing power of predominantly Democratic Irish-American urban party bosses. An attempt to weaken the civil service reform, by exempting veterans from its requirements, was vetoed by <mask> in 1886. One controversy that <mask> inherited from the Butler administration concerned the state's board of health, charity and lunacy.This board had been created by merging several previously independent boards, and Butler had appointed as its chairman an activist concerned with industrial pollution. Butler had made this appointment following criticism that its public health mission had been diluted by the merger. The state's textile and manufacturing interests, hostile to the board's calls for more significant pollution control legislation, prevailed on <mask> to replace the chairman with a more business-friendly choice. A petition campaign by activists followed, prompting <mask> to separate the public health functions into a separate board. <mask> refused to run for reelection in 1886, and resumed the practice of law in Springfield. He refused an offer from Grover Cleveland of a seat on the Interstate Commerce Commission in 1887, and a seat on the Cherokee Commission from Benjamin Harrison in 1889. He was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1891.Later legal work
In 1892, <mask> took on his most famous client, Lizzie Borden. Borden stood accused of the murder of her father and stepmother, and had been compelled to give testimony in the coroner's inquest into their deaths. <mask>'s addition to her defense team may have been due to the fact that he had, while governor, appointed the presiding judge to the bench. He was able to get Borden's inconsistent inquest testimony excluded from the criminal trial (on the grounds that she had not been represented in those hearings), and was also able to cast significant doubt on the reliability of several witnesses to the events surrounding the murders. Borden was ultimately acquitted of the criminal charges, and <mask> was a highly visible presence in the media circus that attended the trial. Another well-known client that <mask> took on was the Order of the Iron Hall, nominally a fraternal benefit society founded in Indiana in 1881. The organization was essentially a fraudulent investment vehicle that was a combination of a tontine (where increased benefits accrue to survivors as investors die) and a Ponzi scheme (where deposits of later investors are used to pay off earlier ones).Tontines were illegal under Massachusetts insurance regulations, and the Iron Hall was threatened in 1887 with an injunction to stop doing business in the state. It hired <mask> to appear before the legislature, and he was able to secure legislative alteration to the statute governing fraternal societies that would permit continued operation. Iron Hall went into receivership in 1892, and the state insurance commissioner criticized <mask> for his defense of the organization in his reports, which he charged exacerbated the financial losses incurred by Iron Hall and similar organizations. (The Iron Hall was one of the more high-profile of a large number of similar investment schemes, in which the operators of the organization also frequently siphoned funds away in the guise of salaries and expenses.) <mask> remained a prominent lawyer until his death in Chicopee; he is buried in Chicopee's Fairview Cemetery. His law firm remains in business, and is now known as Robinson Donovan P.C. Family
<mask> was married twice.The first marriage was in 1859 to Hannah Stevens, with whom he had one child before her death in 1864. He then married Susan Simonds in 1867, with whom he also had one child. <mask> was active in the Unitarian Church. See also

 1874 Massachusetts legislature
 1876 Massachusetts legislature

Notes

Sources

External links

<mask>, P.C. 1834 births
1896 deaths
People from Lexington, Massachusetts
Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
Massachusetts Republicans
Massachusetts state senators
Governors of Massachusetts
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts
Harvard College alumni
People from Chicopee, Massachusetts
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Republican Party state governors of the United States
19th-century American politicians
Civil service reform in the United States
Members of the American Antiquarian Society

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<mask> (30 April 1911 – 4 October 1977) was a German journalist who became a politician. During the middle 1930s he spent time in the Hohnstein Concentration Camp, but he was released and participated in the Spanish Civil War on the anti-fascist side. The rest of the Nazi years he spent outside Germany, mostly in Norway and Sweden. Following the restoration of diplomatic relations between West Germany and Yugoslavia, in 1968 he became West Germany's ambassador in Belgrade. Life

Family provenance, early years and education
<mask> was born in Dresden. His father, <mask>, was a businessman who worked in the textiles sector. His mother, <mask> (born Gertrud Welsch), worked as a librarian.As he was growing up the family lived at George-Bähr-Straße 4, a city centre address. Between 1917 and 1929 <mask> attended the local junior and secondary schools ("Volksschulle" & "Gymnasium") but, unusually with this type of school, he left without passing his school leaving exams ("Abitur"). Still in 1929, he embarked on a traineeship in the book trade, but quickly abandoned this. By now he had resolved to become a journalist. He applied for and obtained a special dispensation from the regional Ministry of Economics to enroll at the Dresden Technical Academy ("Technische Hochschule") despite never having completed his school exams. He studied here between 1929 and 1933, focusing on Economics and Germanistics, which included significant study of history and literature. He also found time to attend lectures at Dresden's theatre school:  he was thereby a "guest student" with Erich Ponto (drama), Josef Gielen (theatre direction) and Fritz Busch (opera).Politics in the crisis years
While still at school he was a member of the German-Jewish Youth Association (" Deutsch-Jüdischen Jugendgemeinschaft " / DJJG) and of the German-Jewish Comradely Hikers League ("Kameraden, deutsch-jüdischer Wanderbund"). In 1931/32 he led the Dresden region DJJG group. In 1928 he had joined the Young Socialists, and in 1929 became a member of the Social Democratic Party ("Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands" / SPD). As a student he financed his studies by working as a journalist. He was already writing for left of centre newspapers such as the , for Breslau's Sozialistische Arbeiterzeitung and for the young persons' newspaper, Junge Pioniere. His principal journalistic focus was on the arts and culture. The early 1930s were years of surging political tensions.The German-Jewish Hiker League was dissolved in Easter 1932 as a consequence of increasing tensions between right-wing nationalists and socialist member. Later that year Blackstein joined the "Free German-Jewish Youth" ("Freie Deutsch-Jüdischen Jugend") group, which was concerning itself with educating Jewish youngsters on the merits of socialist approaches and attitudes. The political tensions of the times were also reflected inside the  Social Democratic Party (SPD). Towards the end of 1931 Max Seydewitz was one of several SPD members expelled from the party for breaches of party discipline. Those excluded responded by setting up the Socialist Workers' Party ("Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands" / SAPD). Seydewitz was a local man, and Blachstein reacted by switching from the SPD to the new SAPD. In Dresden he established a youth wing for the SAPD.He was also entrusted with what was termed, in the spirit of the time, Agitprop work in the Dresden area, and it was in this context that he set up a political cabaret group called "Die Nebelspalter" (loosely "The fog destroyers") which campaigned for the SAPD in the two general elections of 1932. (The SAPD was not very successful electorally, however.) Although the focus of his journalistic work remained on the arts, he was also writing in support of the fight against the introduction of military sports ("Wehrsport") and of voluntary labour service ("Freiwilliger Arbeitsdienst") which the government was promoting as a remedy against the very high levels of unemployment which accompanied the economic depression that had been triggered by the Wall Street Crash back in 1929. Nazi Germany
The political backdrop changed rapidly after the Nazi power seizure in January 1933. The new government lost very little time in transforming Germany from a democracy into a one-party dictatorship. <mask> initially remained in Dresden as a member of the city's SAPD leadership group. His political activity was now illegal.Responding to an SAPD leafleting operation, between 1 May and 8 May 1933 approximately 90 SAPD activists were arrested. <mask> was one of them. He was taken to Dresden Jail where his interrogation involved serious physical torture. On 28 February 1934 he was transferred from Dresden Jail to Hohenstein Concentration Camp, where he remained till August 1934. Later he would use his experience from the inside of the Nazi prison system in a theater play "Ein Prozeß" ("A trial"), published and first performed in Oslo in 1938. The old president's death, in August 1934, was marked by a fourth so-called Hindenburg Amnesty. <mask> was among those released.However, he was forbidden to work and, after returning to Dresden where he now lived with his parents, he was kept under police surveillance. He remained keen to continue with his political activity, but this was not a realistic option as long as he remained in Dresden. At the end of 1934 he had a meeting with the national leader of the SAPD leader, Walter Fabian (still sometimes in Germany, but now "underground"). Fabian's advice was that if he could find no way of working in Germany he should go abroad. <mask> was at an increased risk of arrest as long as he remained in Germany because his Jewish provenance was a matter of public record. In January 1935 he fled to Czechoslovakia, where by now Fabian himself was based. He remained in contact with the  SAPD leadership, from whom he received an instruction, in July 1935, to relocate again, this time travelling via Gdingen and Copenhagen to Oslo, Norway.Exile
He arrived in Oslo in August 1935. He was given a post as a secretary with the "International Bueau of Revolutionary Youth Organisations" ("Internationalen Büro revolutionärer Jugendorganisationen" / IBRJ), a combined grouping that linked member organisations of the "Socialist Youth International", and essentially, for many purposes, an exiled continuation of the Socialist Youth League of Germany ("Sozialistischer Jugend-Verband Deutschlands" / SJV). The IBRJ operated under the auspices of what was known, at this time, as the "London Büro". The Oslo affiliate was led by Willy Brandt, with whom <mask> was able to build a relationship of mutual trust. The two men worked closely together. One of <mask>'s principal jobs involved producing the International Youth Bulletin ("Internationalen Jugend Bulletin""). He was also entrusted with organising and implementing a theoretical training programme for the IBRJ, designed to help create a united front against fascism.It was only several years later, after Stalin's political purges and his own more personal experiences of Stalinist communism in action during his time in Spain, that <mask> would become implacably opposed to any sort of political alliance with the communists. In the summer of 1936 <mask> travelled to Paris, by now a principal centre for exiled left-wing German politicians. Here he met up, again, with Walter Fabian. He also went to Brussels where he took part in an international worker's congress of opposition to war. The war that preoccupied the congress was the Spanish Civil War which had erupted suddenly in the middle of July 1936. During the course of the congress it was determined that the Oslo IBRJ office should relocate to Barcelona. This was the context in which, in November 1936, as the Oslo IBRJ secretary, <mask> moved to Barcelona.Spanish Civil War
In Barcelona he joined the Spanish Republican Army and the POUM ("Partido Obrero de Unificación Marxista" - a Spanish Communist Party). He became a member of the executive committee of the POUM and also served a leading role in producing propaganda for the POUM and for the exiled SAPD. His was given the rank of lieutenant in a "shock battalion", but sources indicate that he was kept away from the actual fighting. Inside the SAPD, the first part of 1937 saw an intensification of differences over attitudes to a possible political party of the united left or a Popular front, and more precisely over the party's approach to the Soviet Union. The differences led to <mask>'s exclusion from the SAPD. Others excluded at the same time included his political mentor Walter Fabian and Erwin Ackerknecht:  the three became the focus of a short-lived political grouping known as "Neuer Weg" ("New Way"). <mask> was also affected more directly by the intense political tensions radiating out from Moscow, based on Stalin's suspicions - not entirely unfounded - that there might be comrades in the Soviet Union and further west in Europe who favoured an alternative Soviet leader.The POUM, of which <mask> was a member, backed a broadly Trotskyite vision for a communist future and its members therefore became targets for Soviet agents. In June 1937 <mask> was arrested in Barcelona by communist secret police and accused of spying for Franco and working for the Gestapo. With approximately 100 other foreign detainees he was taken to a large garage which had been adapted for use as an ad hoc prison. Because of the appalling hygiene  he soon fell ill with Tuberculosis, as a result of which he was transferred to a sanatorium controlled by anarchist comrades. Helped by Spanish friends, in January 1938 he succeeded in escaping back to France. Return to Scandinavia

In France he met up with Walter Fabian and started working for Fabian's newspaper department. However, short of money and still in poor health, he quickly decided he would be better advised to return to Oslo.After a period recovering from an operation in connection with his Tuberculosis, he started working in the secretariat of the International Labour Front Against War which had been jointly created in September 1938 by the (Dutch) Revolutionary Socialist Party, the (British) Independent Labour Party, the (Spanish) POUM and the (exiled German) "Neuer Weg" group. The new organisation's purpose was to gather and disseminate information about the Spanish Civil War. In the April 1940 Norway was over-run by German troops. Blackstein fled to Sweden where he was initially interned for several months, before being given permission to live in Uppsala. In his Swedish exile he found time to refresh his college studies, revisiting topics in Economics, History and Literature. He also found work as a journalist. Along with that he was able to stage several plays by Danish authors.Working with an Uppsala University student theatre group he was deeply involved in the translation and production of several plays by Bertolt Brecht. On top of that, in 1943 he was employed by the Racial Biology Institute at Uppsala University as a lecturer and archivist. On the political front he was also an active member of the Swedish-based group of German trades unionists (" Landesgruppe Schweden der Auslandsvertretung der deutschen Gewerkschaften (LDG)"). Within the LDG he opposed the mainstream view, manifesting a certain  mistrust of the motives of the allied powers. He was also uncompromising in his opposition to any whisper of a united front between communist elements and social democratic elements in the LDG. War ended, formally, in May 1945. <mask> remained in Sweden till the early summer of 1947, working in Stockholm as secretary to the International Rescue and Relief Committee (IRRC).A central part of his work involved organising the sending of food parcels to Germany. (He continued to work for the IRRC even after his return to Germany.) New beginnings
In February 1945, a large part of Dresden had been destroyed, and after May 1945 his home city was part of a large chunk of what had been central Germany that found itself administered as the Soviet occupation zone. When he returned to occupied Germany on 6 or 27 May 1947 he settled not in Dresden but in Hamburg, at that time administered as part of the British occupation zone. This meant that after 1949, when the occupation zones were relaunched as the US Sponsored German Federal Republic (West Germany) and the Soviet sponsored German Democratic Republic (East Germany), <mask> was based in "capitalist" West Germany. In the western occupation zones a return to a multi-party political structure was being implemented, and <mask> joined the Social Democratic Party ("Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands" / SPD), while supporting himself successfully as a free-lance journalist. He soon obtained a post with the Hamburger Echo as Feuilleton editor.Shortly after this he was elected to chair the local Hamburg-Eimsbüttel  SPD. He continued to serve as a member of the regional party executive between 1948 and 1976. He also had an ambition to become involved in national politics, and in 1949 stood successfully for election to the Bundestag. He remained a member for nearly two decades, till October 1968. Between 1954 and 1968 he was a member of the party leadership team in the assembly, and increasingly focused on foreign policy issues, serving as the Home Affairs and Foreign Policy committees. He was a member of the Inter-Parliamentary Union and of the advisory council to the Western European Union. In terms of political philosophy he remained on the left-wing of the party and was accordingly critical of the Godesberg Program, although his criticism was more rigorously analytical than politically beguiling, and his approach failed to generate widespread support.Between 1955 and 1968, he was a member of the administrative council of the broadcaster Norddeutscher Rundfunk. He also took a particular concern in refugees, founding the German Committee for Spanish Refugees in 1958. After parliament
In May 1968 <mask> resigned from the Bundestag in order to take up an appointment as West Germany's ambassador to Yugoslavia. In June 1969 poor health forced him to retire from the position, however. After a period of recuperation his health improved, and between 1970 and 1972 he found himself working directly for Willy Brandt, employed as an officer of the Government Press Service. After this, till his death of 4 October 1977, he again worked as a free-lance journalist. Personal
<mask> seldom mentioned his family in public, or even privately with friends.He had a brother and a younger sister. <mask> himself was a committed atheist who could never understand how a national government could simply decide who was Jewish and who was not:  he robustly rejected the conflation of race and religion. He came from a humanist background. However, the German government under Adolf Hitler took a different view, and the identification of his family as Jewish placed them at increased risk when Nazi antisemitism became an underpinning of government policy. <mask>'s parents spotted the dangers in good time, and while <mask> remained in Europe his parents and his two siblings emigrated to the United States. From here they successfully rescued at least some of their assets from Germany, which a couple of years later would have been impossible. In the 1950s <mask> began making regular visits across the Atlantic to see his family.His sister pursued a successful career as an academic. His brother took over the delicatessen that their parents had started. The brothers were not on particularly good terms:  <mask> nevertheless  liked to serve his friends "Blachstein delicacies" from the family shop, which he had brought back from his latest American trip  ("Blachstein Gewürze, alle mitgebracht aus Amerika"). <mask> never married. His fiancée was killed, in barbaric circumstances under the Nazi régime. See also
 Germany–Yugoslavia relations

References

1911 births
1977 deaths
Politicians from Dresden
Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
Socialist Workers' Party of Germany politicians
Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction)
Spanish military personnel of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction)
Jews in the German resistance
Exiles from Nazi Germany
German expatriates in Norway
Refugees in Norway
Refugees in Sweden
Hohnstein concentration camp survivors
Members of the Bundestag for Hamburg
Members of the Bundestag 1965–1969
Members of the Bundestag 1961–1965
Members of the Bundestag 1957–1961
Members of the Bundestag 1953–1957
Members of the Bundestag 1949–1953
Ambassadors of West Germany to Yugoslavia
Members of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party of Germany
20th-century German journalists

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<mask> (Serbian Cyrillic: Мира Траиловић; née Milićević; 22 January 1924 – 7 August 1989) was a Serbian dramaturg and one of the most distinguished theatre directors in the history of Serbian and Yugoslav theatre. A pioneer of the avant-garde theatre in Eastern Europe, she was one of the founders and a driving force behind the Atelje 212 theater and BITEF, one of the most important European theatre festivals

Early life and education
Born <mask> on 22 January 1924 in Kraljevo, in central Serbia, she was raised by intellectual parents both of whom were professionally involved with French language. Her mother Radmila Simić (1894-1973) taught French while her father Andrej Milićević (1893-1973) worked as translator, involved with translating 36 works of French classical literature into Serbian. The couple had one more child, a daughter Olga (born 6 June 1931, in Belgrade). On her mother's side, Milićević descended from the cadet branch of the Simić family, notable in the 19th century Serbia, both in politics and culture. The branch's progenitor, Aleksa Simić (1800–72), held the Prime Minister of Serbia post in three terms (1843–44, 1853–55, 1856–57), while her great grandfather, Milan Simić (1827–80), was manager of the National Theatre in Belgrade (1871–75, 1877–80). Milićević was a student at the Second girls’ high school in Belgrade as well as the Higher Music school's drama section.She then enrolled in several studies, which she never finished: technology, architecture (her father's wish) and art history (even though she was only one exam away from graduating). She finished the Higher Film school and finally graduated as a theatre director at the Belgrade's Faculty of Drama Arts. In 1967 she would become a professor of the radio direction at her alma mater. Career

Radio Belgrade

After Belgrade was freed from German occupation on 20 October 1944, Milićević, almost by chance, became the very first announcer on Radio Belgrade in the liberated city. Soon, she switched to direction, advancing to the post of program editor at the radio's drama section. She directed over 70 radio dramas, mostly by foreign authors. Atelje 212

She entered the world of theater as an assistant director at the Yugoslav Drama Theatre.She was a co-founder of the new theatre, Atelje 212 in 1956, with Radoš Novaković (serving as manager 1956-58) and Bojan Stupica (manager 1958-61). Atelje 212 opened with her direction of Goethe's Faust on 12 November 1956, with <mask> initially being an assistant manager (shortly acting in 1958) and in 1961 she became Atelje's manager, shifting its focus to the avant-garde plays. <mask> herself directed over 20 plays, including some authors whose works were never before played in Serbia and Yugoslavia, like  Jean-Paul Sartre (No Exit) in 1957, Eugène Ionesco (The Chairs) in 1957, Albert Camus (The Misunderstanding) in 1960 and Edward Albee (Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?) in 1964. Other plays include Don Juan in Hell (by George Bernard Shaw; 1956), Medal (adapted folk tales; 1957), L'Histoire du soldat (Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz; 1959), Tchin-Tchin (François Billetdoux; 1960), The Fantasticks (Tom Jones; 1962), The Cocktail Party (T.S. Elliot); 1965), Marat/Sade (Peter Weiss); 1966), Next time I’ll sing to you (James Saunders; 1968), Jumpers (Tom Stoppard; 1974), The miracle in Šargan (Ljubomir Simović; 1975), The Mother (Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz; 1982), Big and Little (Botho Strauß; 1985), and Demons (Lars Norén; 1987). Major controversy, however, was caused by her staging of the Hair, which was prepared in 1968 and premiered in 1969.A rock-musical, composed by Galt McDermot, with lyrics by Gerome Ragni and James Rado, stirred not just the highest political and artistic circles, but also the common people. Heavily shook and agitated by the student protests of 1968, the Communist governing class and its diehards attacked the musical as subversive, due to its hippie and anti-establishment attitude. It had such an impact, that it has been debated even today. Under her artistic and managerial guidance, though not a directorial one, Atelje 212 also presented for the first time in Serbia works of Samuel Beckett (Waiting for Godot) in 1956 (first staging in Eastern Europe), William Faulkner (Requiem for a Nun) in 1958, Sławomir Mrożek (The Police) in 1960, James Joyce (Exiles) and Tadeusz Różewicz (The Card Index), both in 1962. Also, she oversaw staging of contemporary Serbian authors’ works, like those of Aleksandar Popović, starting with Ljubinko and Desanka in 1964, and Dušan Kovačević, with The Marathon Family and, especially, Radovan III, both in 1973, which is with Atelje's "Ubu Roi" by Alfred Jarry (1964; both starring Zoran Radmilović), considered anthological in the history of Serbian theatre. Atelje 212 gained international reputation. It was the first theatre from Yugoslavia that was invited to the United States after World War II, and toured the world (Paris, New York, Moscow, Caracas, Mexico).<mask> retired in 1983 as a manager, as she was required to do so by the law, but she continued to direct. She also directed Maria by Isaac Babel in the Schiller Theater in Berlin, with German cast and Konak by Miloš Crnjanski in the National Theatre in Belgrade in 1986. Her last, unfinished project was Alban Berg's opera Lulu, which she wanted to adapt for the Belgrade Opera. BITEF

In 1967, together with Jovan Ćirilov, she founded BITEF - Belgrade International Theatre Festival, and was its artistic co-director until she died. The festival, subtitled New theatre tendencies, was an effort to bring the latest movements within the avant-garde theatre to Belgrade. <mask> tenaciously travelled around the world bringing to BITEF the greatest names of the 20th century theatre, their companies and plays, so the festival gradually evolved into one of the major theatrical festivals in Europe. BITEF was especially successful as it was arguably the only place where artists from both sides of the Iron curtain could meet.Over the decades, programs encompassed various directions. On one side, the extreme experimental tendencies, like Judith Malina and The Living Theatre, Jerzy Grotowski, Richard Schechner, Tadeusz Kantor, Peter Schumann and the Bread and Puppet Theater. On the other, new directorial interpretations of classical works (Peter Brook, Peter Stein, Ingmar Bergman, Otomar Krejča, Peter Zadek, Patrice Chéreau, Claus Peymann, Roger Planchon, Yuri Lyubimov). Also, performances of the contemporary dance were regular, choreographed by Alwin Nikolais, Merce Cunningham, Pina Bausch or Birgit Cullberg. BITEF also showed performances of the traditional, folk theatres, like Chinese Peking opera, Japanese Noh theatre, Ugandan traditional theatre or the Opera dei pupi (Sicilian marionettes theatre), but also followed the theatre's coming out of the box, that is, having performances outside of the theatre buildings, giving shows on stadiums, in semi-collapsed industrial zones and peers, or simply out in the open. Lyubimov's Taganka Theatre was allowed by the Soviet authorities to visit BITEF which was the first time at all they were allowed to leave the USSR, as, until that point, Lyubimov was deemed a dissident by the Soviet government. From the late 1970s, <mask> was right on time with postmodern aesthetics in scenic arts, bringing to Belgrade Robert Wilson (Einstein on the Beach), Johann Kresnik, Tomaž Pandur.Some artists gained international recognition after being summoned by <mask> to the festival: Luca Ronconi (with his famous Orlando furioso), Victor Garcia, Roberto Ciulli and his Theater an der Ruhr. Other directors and companies which performed on BITEF include Eugenio Barba, Steven Berkoff, Dejan Mijač, Pyotr Fomenko, Teatro Núria Espert,  Pip Simmons Theatre Group, Ellen Stewart and La MaMa while authors Samuel Beckett, Jean Paul Sartre and Eugène Ionesco attended performances of their plays. France
In the first half of the 1980s, <mask> lived in France for several years. In 1983-84 she worked in Theatre of Nations in Paris and was an artistic director of the International theatre festival in Nancy. BITEF Teatar
In 1989 she founded a new theatre, "BITEF Teatar", and became its manager. Theatre is seated in the never fully finished nor consecrated German Evangelical church in Belgrade's neighborhood of Dorćol. Construction began in 1940.It was projected by Otto Bartning and developed and supervised by Đorđe Staševski, who partially changed the interiors in 1943 in the projected residential section of the church, facing the Drinčićeva street. The works stopped in 1951. The building was renovated to accommodate the new theatre in 1988-89. It is considered to be the unique case that, instead of a theatre founding the festival (like Atelje 212 did with BITEF), in this case, the festival founded a theatre. The theatre was opened on 3 March 1989. It was envisioned without having a permanent staff. The idea behind the creation of BITEF teatar was to organize the BITEF festival and to expand the effects of the festival throughout the year, and not only in the period when BITEF was held, but <mask> died later that same year.Among the managers who inherited her at the helm of the theatre were playwright Nenad Prokić (1997-2005) and theatrical director Nikita Milivojević (2005–09). The building of the "BITEF teatar" was declared a cultural monument by the Serbian government in April 2013. Television
She also adapted and directed over 15 TV dramas, including The Browning version by Terence Rattigan (1973), Exiles by James Joyce (1973), Nora by Henrik Ibsen (1975) and A Novel about London by Miloš Crnjanski (1988). Aired on 19 January 1972, her adaptation of Albert Camus' The Misunderstanding was the first TV drama in Serbia recorded in TV studio, and the first one aired in color. Style and image
In her work, molded by her Balzacian talent, <mask> exhibited strong disposition towards the avant-garde repertoire, though she always rejected the term itself, asking "And what is avant-garde?". She constantly baffled and surprised, both the audience and the critics, with her ideas, innovations and seemingly inexhaustible energy and persistence. Because of the acuteness of hers, endless charm and talent for persuasion, she was nicknamed "bulldozer in a fur coat".Her activities were always followed by controversial reactions and urban myths. Refreshing spirit of the avant-garde wasn’t accepted well by the Communist authorities. Press was full of malicious comments and stories how young actors were terrified of her, labeling her "a woman with 24 smiles" while her outfits during public appearances were under scrutiny to the last detail. She herself said that "Yugoslav journalists trained her not to get accustomed to praises and compliments". Her closest collaborator Ćirilov called her "the ruler of the arts", while Ionesco, when asked what he has seen in Belgrade when he visited in 1971, replied: "I saw <mask>. Isn’t that enough?". Personal life
While working in Radio Belgrade, she met Dragoljub <mask>, a fellow speaker from 1947, and they got married.Born on 3 May 1925 in Prahovo, eastern Serbia, he left Radio Belgrade in 1955 when he became a commentator for the daily Borba until 1959 when he was appointed an editor-in-chief of Radio Television Belgrade until 1962. He later became a correspondent from Paris for the daily Politika and, as a respected journalist, was editor-in-chief of Politika Ekspres and Politika itself 1982-83. They remained married until <mask>'s death on 7 August 1989. Dragoljub died on 3 June 1993 in Belgrade. The couple had no children. Her sister Olga Milićević Nikolić is a well-known architect, who reconstructed some of downtown Belgrade's landmarks like Andrićev Venac (1976), Republic Square (1980) or Nikola Pašić Square (1987), but also projected residential blocks 28, 45 and 70 in New Belgrade (1972), Lešće cemetery (1972) and the Stepin Lug wooden area (1972). Legacy

From modern perspective, it is hard to imagine how much of a courage and personal vision was needed at the time to modernize the theatre against the major opposition from the ideological, cultural and artistic establishments.As a director and manager, <mask> often appeared as a Don Quixote tilting at windmills, fighting against the "narrow minds", with the constant idea of "bringing the world to Belgrade and showing Belgrade to the world". Through Atelje 212 and BITEF, she marked the beginning of a new era in Serbian theatre. On one side, she  deprovincialized the theatrical scene in Belgrade and Serbia by allowing the audience inspection into the world theatre's current events. On the other, she toured the parts of the world where Serbian language was basically never heard before. What bewildered the theatrologists is that <mask> was personally quite traditional and old fashioned, and yet she was the key figure in modernization of the theatre - ranging from the theatre of the absurd and docudrama to rock opera and postmodernism - which they explained with her globe-trotting and cosmopolitan spirit. BITEF remains one of the major European festivals. Founded in the mid of the Cold War, it was a unique place where theatres from the West and East could meet.The great stage in modern Atelje 212 is named after her, the <mask> stage, and BITEF's main award is named the Grand Prix "<mask>ović". She bequeathed her inheritance to the Museum of the theatrical art in Belgrade. With that data, but also with the interviews with many of her collaborators and his own interviews with her, theatrical and literary critic Feliks Pašić (1939-2010) published a book Gospođa iz velikog sveta – prilozi za biografiju Mire <mask> (A lady  of the big world – contributions to the <mask>'s biography). One day after her death, Danilo Kiš wrote her an epitaph, titled Upon hearing the news of death of Mrs. M.T. :

What a nicely done job, Death,
what a success,
to tear down a fortress like that! To devour so much meat,
to crack so many bones
in such a short time.To spend so much energy,
swiftly, as if you smoked a cigarette. What a job that was, Death,
what a demonstration of power. (As if we wouldn’t
trust your word on it.) A square in front of the BITEF Theatre, below the bohemian quarter Skadarlija, and next to the Bajloni open green market, is named in her honor, the Square of <mask>. The room for the artists above the main stage in the Bitef theatre is called "<mask>'s room" (Mirina soba). In March 2019, director Andraš Urban staged a text, dramatized by Vedrana Božinović, dedicated to <mask>. The play, titled "M.I.R.A.", was part of the 30th anniversary of the Bitef Theatre. <mask> was portrayed by the actress Mirjana Karanović. Filmography

TV dramas

Accolades
Regarding the awards, <mask> said that she doesn't care about them but that they do flatter her. Yugoslav and Serbian awards include City of Belgrade's "Oktobarska nagrada" in 1976 (for The miracle in Šargan), "Sedmojulska nagrada" (at the time the highest government award in Serbia), Statuette of Joakim Vujić in 1988, Order of Merits for the People and "Popularity Oscar" for the most popular person in culture, which proved that her popularity exceeded the artistic and theatrical circles. She received the most prominent French award Légion d'honneur in 1985, awarded to her by the French culture minister Jack Lang and was knighted by the Italian president Giuseppe Saragat. Other awards include the prizes of the Association of the American Theatre Artists, German embassy in Belgrade, Bulgarian and Czechoslovakian theatrical societies, International Theatre Institute and the Polish Order of merit for culture. References

External links

Serbian theatre directors
Serbian dramatists and playwrights
Recipients of the Legion of Honour
1924 births
1989 deaths
People from Kraljevo
20th-century dramatists and playwrights

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