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<mask> JP (18 June 1816 – 2 May 1903) was a Cumbrian-born philanthropist and businessman who at the time of his death was the richest resident of the Isle of Man. <mask> bequeathed a large amount of his vast fortune to the people of the Isle of Man, resulting in numerous civic amenities such as recreation grounds, swimming baths, a library and a hospital. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born in the village of Clifton, Westmorland (now part of Cumbria) on 18 June 1816, the first son of <mask> and Mary (née <mask>). It is said that he came from a poor failed farming family, his father finding work as a customs official. Business

Wine & Spirits
His first connection with Douglas was due to his association with Alexander Spittall, father of James Spittall, a Douglas advocate. The elder Spittall was a wine and spirits merchant, whose principal place of business was Whitehaven, Cumbria, although he had a branch established in Douglas. <mask> was employed by Spittall as a clerk, rising to the position of manager in 1835 following which he moved to Douglas with his mother.The <mask>s took residence in a house belonging to Spittall on the south side of St Barnabas' Square. <mask> did not stay in the employ of Spittall for very much longer, but set up in the wine and spirits business on his own behalf; his first shop was on Fleetwood Corner. <mask> is said to have made his first money whilst still in the employ of Alexander Spittall, by speculating in the shares of the Great Laxey Mine. He continued his wholesale wine and spirits business and supplemented this by the sale of seeds and other commodities for farmers. He then opened a timber yard at the corner of the Lake under Bank's Hill. In time he transferred his wine and spirits business to premises in St George's St (now occupied by Joseph Bucknall & Sons) and had his saw pits and timber yard in the large area between Hill St and Mytle St, in the area where St Mary's Church now stands; the whole block at that time belonged to <mask>. Large profits were generated from both these concerns, and this led <mask> to invest in shipping.Shipping
The first ship he owned was named Jane and Agnes, and the next the Rebecca and Maria, said to have been two of the finest and smartest schooners operating from Douglas. He used the ships in two ways:

 in connection with his own business and those of other charterers of the Port of Douglas;
 they were also put to work for the Great Laxey Mining Company. Isle of Man Steam Packet Company
By the 1880s <mask> had also become a major shareholder in the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company, serving on the Board of Directors and being appointed Chairman. However his vision for the company, which would have seen the introduction of fast screw-driven steamers from the 1880s, was in opposition to the rest of the board who favoured paddle-driven ships. This largely brought about his resignation, however by the turn of the century it was clear that <mask>'s vision was the way forward. After resigning from the board, <mask> did not desert the company altogether, but offered financial assistance to help the company to compete in a price war with the Isle of Man, Liverpool and Manchester Steamship Company. He advanced at short notice a loan of £20,000 (£2,500,000 as of 2018).The security was a mortgage on the company, which was paid off in a short time, following the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company's acquisition of the Isle of Man, Liverpool and Manchester Steamship Company in 1888. Utility companies
In the 1840s the town of Douglas was beginning to experience an influx of tourists, which led to a boom by the turn of the century. <mask> helped the town to development infrastructure to accommodate this. He invested in the Douglas Gas Light Company and was one of the founders of the Douglas Water Works Company: he was appointed Chairman, a post he held until the company was acquired by the Douglas Town Commissioners for the huge figure of £144,000 (equivalent to £18.3 million in 2018). A certain amount of skulduggery surrounds the transaction of the money. <mask> was one of the founders of the Isle of Man Bank, and at the time of the purchase of the Douglas Water Works Company, the Town Commissioners banked their money with Dumbell's Bank. <mask> refused a cheque drawn on Dumbell's Bank, but insisted on cash.Without the required cash at hand, the Town Treasurer was required to make provision partly in gold, with the balance made up of Bank of England notes. On the day of the transaction the gold was brought to the offices of the company and weighed, and the notes were counted. All duly accounted for, the receipt was signed by <mask> and his co-directors. Had the money not been forthcoming on the specific day, a penalty clause would have been enacted increasing the consideration by £5,000 (£630,000 as of 2018) with a further penalty of £5,000 ten days later, and so on. There was quite an outcry from Dumbell's Bank concerning <mask>'s behaviour, being seen as an unjustifiable attempt to reduce confidence in the bank. However given what later happened to Dumbell's Bank, it may be seen that <mask> was aware of how matters stood at Dumbell's. Banking

Isle of Man Bank
Following the passing of the Companies Act 1865 on the Isle of Man, <mask>, together with William Moore, Samuel Harris and William Callister founded the Isle of Man Bank that October.<mask> served as a director of the bank until he retired as a consequence of his health in the late 1890s. Property
<mask> worked in conjunction with Governor Loch on the construction of Victoria Street, then the main thoroughfare of Douglas. His astute vision led him to acquire many of the most desirable building plots in the town. He was also one of the proprietors of the Castle Mona Estate, which was sold to a syndicate for £80,000 (£10,100,000 as of 2018). The property was the former Isle of Man residence of the Dukes of Atholl. Before 1850 Queen Victoria proposed buying it as a more suitable royal residence than Osborne House. In 1868 <mask> bought the Villa Marina which at that time was rented by the Isle of Man Government as the residence of the Lieutenant Governor, Francis Pigott.<mask> purchased the estate in its entirety from Frances Dutton for the sum of £7,500 (£822,500 as of 2018). It is said many people scoffed at the amount which <mask> had paid, scornfully predicting that he would in no way recover the amount he had invested. However the value went up as a result of the increasing affluence of the town, to such a degree that in 1898 <mask> refused an offer of £120,000 (£15,200,000 as of 2018). Upon his death the Villa Marina was bequeathed to the town of Douglas. <mask>'s last open property purchase was that of the former residence of Colonel Shum for the sum of £5,400, on land where today the Sefton Hotel and the Gaiety Theatre stand. The local Hospital Committee had earmarked the land for a hospital site, but <mask>, as the chief owner of property in the proximity, thwarted this attempt. In less than five years <mask> had sold the site for £15,000 the site undergoing development.Personal life
Because of <mask>'s business dealings it was inevitable that he attracted the ire of others, being accused of sharp practice on more than one occasion. <mask>'s only known relative was a young man named Mason. Said to have been a great favourite of his, he had stayed with him on the Isle of Man several times. It is said he went to sea, and was drowned. He was a staunch churchgoer, said to be of the evangelical type and together with his wife he would attend St George's Church, Douglas. The stained glass windows in the church's east end, said to be the finest of their type on the Isle of Man, were erected by him in the mid 1860s at a cost of £600 (£73,000 as of 2018). In 1885 <mask> became the Captain of the Parish of Lonan, Isle of Man a position he held until his death.Marriage
In April 1862 <mask> married Rebecca Thompson, and granddaughter of Calcott Heywood who had been a Captain in the Manx Fencibles. They lived initially at the corner of Hope Street and Peel Road, until <mask> bought the Villa Marina which was to become their home. The marriage produced no children. Mrs <mask> is also remembered as a great benefactor to poor people, a specific legacy from her being the founding of the Douglas Orphanage, a plight which was said to be particularly close to her heart. Death
<mask> died at the Villa Marina on 2 May 1903, having been predeceased by his wife. His funeral took place on Wednesday 6 May, his body being interred with that of his wife in a grave in the north corner of Braddan Cemetery. Charitable bequests
<mask>'s legacy is one of immense generosity to the Isle of Man, particularly its capital, Douglas.Some of the beneficiaries of the munificence of <mask> include:
 Noble's Hospital
 Noble's Park
 Ramsey Cottage Hospital
 Knockaloe Farm
 Villa Marina
 St Ninian's Church
 Noble's Baths
 Douglas Soup Dispensary

The Henry Bloom Noble Trust is one of the longest established charities on the Isle of Man, having originally been established in 1888 as the Trustees of Noble's Isle of Man Hospital and Dispensary; the first trustees were the Lord Bishop, John Bardsley, and the Clerk of the Rolls, Sir Alured Dumbell. Following <mask>'s death the trust became a statutory body in 1909; and in 2003 was renamed the Henry Bloom Noble Trust. In addition the Henry Bloom Noble Scholarship Trust provides funding for Manx students to complete their education at a university in the United Kingdom. Numerous other bequests have benefited the Isle of Man. Amongst these were £10,000 for the construction of St Ninian's Church Douglas; Ramsey Cottage Hospital; £5,000 for nursing home accommodation; and bequests to a large number of charities, including the Church Missionary Society and the British and Foreign Bible Society. Provision was also made by the trustees of the fund for the maintenance of a nurse in the parish of Lonan. <mask> was also a chief contributor to the voluntarily supported home for the aged poor, more formally referred to as the House of Industry, and for many years he supplied those in residence with their Christmas dinner.In addition there were bequests to infirmaries in Liverpool and Cumberland and a fund was set up to supply district nurses to be trained in Liverpool before returning to the Isle of Man. A tuberculosis sanatorium in Norfolk where people from the Isle of Man received care also was a beneficiary. Noble's Hospital
Before the 1880s the Isle of Man had suffered from the lack of a properly equipped and modern hospital; this was
of particular concern to <mask>. Until then, the island's only hospital was the fever hospital in Fort Street. Having thwarted the intention of the Isle of Man's Hospital Committee to erect a hospital on land which he had purchased, <mask> let it be known that not only would he donate land for a hospital, but he would pay for building it. <mask> bequeathed land she owned in the vicinity of what is now Crellin's Hill in 1885, and having unveiled the foundation stone she oversaw the initial construction of the hospital, although she died before its completion. Today the building which was the original Noble's Hospital houses the Manx Museum.The hospital, with the extension to Clifton House, for a nurse residence, cost <mask> over £10,000 (£1,250,000 as of 2018) not including the land. The original Noble's Hospital was replaced by a newer and much larger hospital, situated on land owned by <mask> and which was located on what became the Westmorland Road, Douglas (named after the county of his birth), which opened in 1913. It was superseded by the present Noble's Hospital which opened in July 2003. Noble's Park
Purchased in 1909 with money from the Noble Trust, Noble's Park and Recreation Grounds provide the major recreational grounds in Douglas. The first sustained, powered and controlled flight on the Isle of Man took off in July 1911 from Noble's Park, a Farnham biplane piloted by Claude Graham-White. Noble's Baths
In December 1906 at a special meeting of Douglas Town Council, an application was made to the Trustees of Noble's will pointing out the desirability of the provision of public swimming baths, and requesting if they would be prepared to make provision for the same, pointing out that the Corporation had had an offer of the baths situated in Victoria St, Douglas, together with adjacent recreational venues. A council committee approached the owners finally agreeing on a purchase price of £8,750 (£1,023,000 as of 2018).In addition the Borough Surveyor had costed the amount required to put the baths into working order and condition to be £1,000 (£118,000 as of 2018). In response, John Clarke, Secretary of the Trustees, wrote to the council advising that the Trustees were willing to make a bequest of £10,000 (£1,169,000 as of 2018), citing that the acquisition of the Victoria St baths would be of immense benefit to the town of Douglas, however citing the following proviso:
 That the baths be called the Henry Bloom Noble Public Baths
 All rents from properties let, and monies received from the bathers, to be expended in the maintenance of the premises, and all profits to be expended improving the baths
 Arrangements to be made for free swimming classes for school children at least one day per week during the winter months
 The baths to be vested in the Corporation of Douglas

The inauguration ceremony of Noble's Baths took place on Wednesday 1 July 1908, and was an occasion of immense civic pride for the town. The baths served the town until they were replaced by Derby Castle Aquadrome, part of the Summerland Complex, in 1969. Knockaloe Farm
Knockaloe, the Isle of Man Government's experimental farm, was created on 350 acres of waste ground in 1924. The site had been a prison encampment during the Great War, known as Knockaloe Camp, and was linked to the Douglas - Peel railway line by a branch line. A benefaction from the Henry Bloom Noble Trustees was responsible for the creation of the farm. References

1816 births
1903 deaths
Manx culture
Manx people
People from Clifton, Cumbria

masks:
Henry Bloom Noble
Noble
Henry Noble
John Noble
Bloom
Noble
Noble
Noble
Henry Noble
Noble
Noble
Henry Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Henry Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Henry Noble
Henry Noble
Henry Noble
Noble
Noble
Henry Noble
Noble
Henry Noble
Noble
Noble
Rebecca Noble
Noble
Rebecca Noble
Noble
Noble


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<mask> (20 July 1583 – 21 January 1642) was an English Benedictine priest, remembered as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales. Early life
<mask> was born in 1583, in Suffolk. He was brought up a Protestant and with his brother James converted to Catholicism; both became Benedictine monks. Details of <mask>'s life are scant. He was not typically monastic, but of an explosive and unpredictable temperament. It has been said that the outstanding characteristics of his life were cheerfulness and tenacity, and that his sanctity was unquestionable. The disruption caused by the dissolution of the monasteries deprived Benedictine monks of a key aspect of their life: lifelong stability within a community.Large monasteries had disappeared and those houses which remained consisted of small fragmented groups or even isolated individuals. Inevitably for monks at this time, this type of community led some to focus on contemplation, becoming withdrawn mystics whilst others out of necessity were more practical and individual, and focussed on the missionary aspect. Conversion
<mask>'s conversion experience was unusual: he tried to convert an imprisoned Catholic to Protestantism, but found himself defeated in argument. From this time, according to Challoner, "Mr. <mask> was very uneasy in mind upon the score of religion; nor did this uneasiness cease till by reading and confessing with Catholic Priests he was thoroughly convinced of his errors and determined to embrace the ancient faith. Having found the treasure of God’s truth himself, he was very desirous to impart the same to the souls of his neighbours." Consequently, in 1607 he entered the English College at Douai to study for the priesthood. <mask> was not only content to rub people up the wrong way, but to make sure that they noticed.When the Prior had some cupboards removed from near to his bed, <mask> declared: "There is more trouble with a few fools than with all the wise; if you pull down, I will build up; if you destroy, I will rebuild." He was expelled from the college in 1610 due his temperament, records stating that "we consider the said <mask> is not at all fitted for the purposes of this College on account of his contempt for the discipline and for his superiors and of his misleading certain youths living in the College and also of the great danger of his still leading others astray, and therefore we adjudge that he must be dismissed from the College." <mask> did not leave quietly, but used his considerable skills to organise a campaign against the authorities. A significant body of monks seem to have seen him as some sort of hero and backed his appeal to the President. This allowed him later in 1613 to join the English Benedictine Community of St. Lawrence at Dieulouard in Lorraine, being ordained in 1615. There is no record of him being at all troublesome at Dieulouard. He became a founder member of the new English Benedictine Community at St. Edmund, Paris, hence his religious name Alban of St. Edmund.Ministry and arrest
<mask> was professed in 1612 and after ordination in 1615 joined the missions and worked in London, being arrested and deported shortly after his arrival. He returned in 1618 and was imprisoned until 1623, whereby his release and re-exile was organised by the Spanish ambassador, Gondomar. He returned two years later and was incarcerated for 17 years in the Fleet prison. Conditions in the Fleet were relaxed and he was able to minister to souls during the day provided he was back in his cell at night. He was zealous for the conversion of souls and lacking a church could be found in ale houses playing cards with the customers. This was permitted under the Constitutions of the English Benedictine Congregation at the time; the stakes were not monetary, but short prayers. Of course, this behaviour scandalised the Puritans, but as he was already a prisoner, there was little more they could do against him.He was also allowed to receive visitors in prison where in addition to strengthening his resolve through private prayer he taught visitors prayers and made many converts. Richard Challoner notes him translating "several pious tracts into English, some of which he caused to be published in print, others he left behind him in manuscript." Trial
In 1641 he was transferred to close confinement within the strict Newgate prison. In his trial in 1642 he was found guilty of treason under the statute 27 Eliz c.2 for being a priest. Challoner details his initial refusal to enter a plea. It then transpired that the chief witness against him was a fallen Catholic who he had formerly helped. Thinking he could win him round again, he pleaded not guilty, but objected to being tried by "twelve ignorant jurymen", who were unconcerned about the shedding of his innocent blood.The judge was intimidated by <mask> making a mockery of the proceedings, and took him aside for a private conversation. This went badly with, <mask> declaring "My Saviour has suffered far more for me than all that; and I am willing to suffer the worst of torments for his sake." The judge sent him back to prison where he was advised by who Challoner describes as "some grave and learned priests" to follow the example of those before him and consent to being tried by the court. The jury took about a minute to find him guilty. He then, in mockery, bowed low to the judge and the whole bench for granting him this great favour which he greatly desired. The judge suspended the sentence and sent him back to prison for a few days. <mask>'s fame led to a constant stream of visitors, one of whom smuggled in the necessary items for him to say mass in his cell.Execution
On the morning of 21 January 1642, <mask> together with fellow priest Thomas Reynolds was drawn on hurdles from Newgate Prison to the place of execution. At Tyburn, <mask> preached in a jovial fashion to the crowd about the meaning of his death. He was still playing to the crowd, holding up the proceedings by asking the Sheriff whether he could save his life by turning Protestant. The Sheriff agreed. <mask> then turned to the crowd declaring "see then what the crime is for which I am to die and whether religion be not my only treason?" His remark to one of his former gaolers was "My friend, I find that thou art a prophet; thou hast told me often I should be hanged." He created quite an impression by his death and when his remains were quartered there was a scramble to dip handkerchiefs into his blood and pick up straws covered in his blood as relics.The speech he made is said to have been sent to Parliament and stored in their archives. Canonisation
<mask> was declared venerable in December 1929 by Pope Pius XI and beatified one week later on 15 December. <mask> was canonized nearly 40 years later on 25 October 1970 by Pope Paul VI as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales with a common feast day of 25 October. His feast day is also celebrated on 21 January, the day of his martyrdom. The communities of St. Lawrence and St. Edmund returned to England at the end of the 18th century, during the upheavals of the French revolution. St. Lawrence settled in Yorkshire at what was to become Ampleforth Abbey. St. Edmund settled at Douai Abbey, Reading.Namesake in the United States
St. Alban Roe Catholic Church was founded in 1980 in the city of Wildwood, Missouri. It is located off of highway 109. It includes a small parochial school of the same name, which is supported by the Catholic Archdiocese of St. Louis. References

External links
 Story of <mask> <mask> on Ampleforth's website

Patron Saints Index: <mask> <mask>

1583 births
1642 deaths
English College, Douai alumni
Catholic saints who converted from Protestantism
Converts to Roman Catholicism
English Roman Catholic saints
Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
Martyred Roman Catholic priests
Executed people from Suffolk
People executed by Stuart England by hanging, drawing and quartering
People from Bury St Edmunds
17th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
17th-century Christian saints
Canonizations by Pope Paul VI
Executed Roman Catholic priests
17th-century Roman Catholic priests

masks:
Alban Roe
Bartholomew Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Bartholomew Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Roe
Saint Alban
Roe
Saint Alban
Bartholomew Roe


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<mask> (;  – 21 January 1636) was a 16th and 17th-century Italian nobleman, soldier and assassin. According to the genealogy presented on <mask>'s tombstone, he was a direct male-line descendant of the Palaiologos dynasty, which had ruled the Byzantine Empire from 1259 to its fall in 1453. Though most of the figures in the genealogy can be verified to have been real historical figures, the veracity of his imperial descent is uncertain. Born in Pesaro around 1560, <mask> was forced into exile after being convicted for the attempted murder of man called Leone Ramusciatti. He lived in exile for many years and went on to become a proficient soldier and hired assassin. In 1597, <mask> arrived in London, hired by the authorities of the Republic of Lucca to kill a man named Alessandro Antelminelli. After failing to track down Antelminelli, <mask> stayed in England, possibly for the rest of his life.In 1600, <mask> was hired by Henry Clinton, the Earl of Lincoln, ostensibly as "Master of the Horse" but in reality probably as a henchman and assassin. At the time, Clinton was perhaps the most hated nobleman in the entire country. <mask> probably accompanied Clinton on his visits around the country, most of them having to do with Clinton's frequent battles with the law. In Clinton's service, <mask> also met the famous captain and explorer John Smith, whom he gradually helped introduce back into society after Smith had elected to live as a recluse. While living in Plymouth in 1628, <mask> was offered employment by the Duke of Buckingham, George Villiers, almost as hated as the now deceased Earl of Lincoln, but Villiers was assassinated soon thereafter. <mask> was then invited by a Sir Nicholas Lower to stay with him at his house, Clifton Hall, in Landulph, Cornwall. There, <mask> lived until his death in 1636.He was buried at Landulph and was survived by five of the six or seven children whom he had with his wife, Mary Balls. Of these children, only Ferdinand Paleologus, who later emigrated to Barbados, is known to have had children of his own. Biography

Early life

Born in Pesaro in central Italy around 1560, <mask>logus was the son of Camilio Paleologus, about whom very little is known. The name of his mother is not known. <mask>ologos dynasty, which ruled the Byzantine Empire from 1259 to 1453. They claimed descent from Thomas Palaiologos (Camilio being Thomas's supposed great-great-grandson), a brother of the final emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos, through a son called John, whose existence can not be confirmed through contemporary sources. All other purported ancestors (descendants of this John) of the later Paleologus family can be verified through contemporary records.On account of the absence of evidence for John's existence, English Byzantininst Donald Nicol wrote in 1974 that "<mask>’s claim to be a descendant of Thomas Palaiologos [...] must be held unproven". John Hall, author of a 2015 biography on <mask>, believes that it would be wrong to "dismiss <mask>'s claim out of hand" on account of a single missing link. During his early life, <mask> lived with his two uncles, Camilio's brothers, Scipione and Leonidas Paleologus, in Pesaro. In 1578, the three found themselves embroiled in a scandal, as they were convicted for the attempted murder of Leone Ramusciatti, a man who was also of Greek descent. After failing to kill him, in an attempt to avoid arrest, they barricaded themselves in a church. Contemporary records from Pesaro refers to the three as a something akin to a gang, and alludes to a previous (successful) murder committed by them. The fate of Scipione is unknown, but Leonidas was executed.<mask>, who is referred to as a minor (though he was obviously old enough to partake in the crime, probably 16–18 years old) was spared the death penalty and instead banished not only from Pesaro, but from the entire Duchy of Urbino. Career as an assassin
<mask> is not attested again until nineteen years later, upon his arrival to England in 1597. If <mask>'s own later account is to be believed, some of the time in exile was spent fighting for the Protestants in the Netherlands, alongside the famous general Maurice of Nassau, as part of the Dutch Revolt. <mask> arrived in England as an assassin, hired to track down and kill Alessandro Antelminelli, a 25-year old citizen of the Republic of Lucca in Italy. Antelminelli's father and three brothers had been captured, tortured and executed in Lucca on charges of treason one year prior. Though Antelminelli had been absent during the time of the supposed crime, he had nonetheless been summoned to stand trial for his supposed complicity. Understanding that being at the trial would mean certain execution, he had instead fled to England and assumed the alias of "Ambergio Salvetti", claiming to be from Florence.As "Salvetti", Antelminelli became a comrade of the diplomat and poet Henry Wotton. Around 40 years old, <mask> was by this point in time evidently well-established as an assassin. At some point between 1578 and 1597, he had been pardoned at Pesaro and had been allowed to return to his hometown, as proven by a letter addressed to "Signor Teodoro Paleologo" in Pesaro, dated 1597. The tone of this letter, signed by the senior magistrate of Lucca, Francesco Andreotti, speaks to <mask>'s apparently impressive reputation:

The authorities at Lucca had first hired another assassin to kill Antelminelli, Marcantonio Franceotti. Franceotti had been paid 200 pounds in advance, but had failed to track down Antelminelli and suggested that the authorities at Lucca commission a "more seasoned killer". Franceotti recommended Paleologus, and is probably the same person as the one who personally delivered the Lucchese message ("the bearer of this" referred to in the letter). Like Franceotti before him, Paleologus also failed to find and kill Antelminelli.Despite further attempts to kill him until at least 1627, Antelminelli eventually died of natural causes in 1657. In the service of the Earl of Lincoln
After failing to track down Antelminelli, <mask> chose to stay in England. To earn money, he entered into the service of Henry Clinton, the Earl of Lincoln, in 1599. <mask> would spend many years living at Clinton's castle, Tattershall Castle in Lincolnshire. The castle had once been denounced by King Henry VIII as "one of the most brutal and beastly [castles] of the whole realm" and the town it overlooked, also called Tattershall, was scarcely more than a village at this point in time, having suffered a drastic depopulation in the late 16th century. Henry Clinton was almost sixty years old and one of the most brutal, feared and hated feudal lords in Britain. Clinton is frequently described as waging war on his neighbors and is often credited with rioting, abduction, arson, sabotage, extortion and perjury.At one point, Clinton even expanded his castle walls into the nearby churchyard. Clinton officially hired <mask> as his Master of the Horse, but he clearly had intended uses for <mask> beyond the Italian's skills with horses, and presumably knew of <mask>'s previous work. It is thus likely that Clinton's real intended use for <mask> was as a soldier and assassin. <mask> himself probably entered Clinton's service due to his advancing age, hoping to find a safer and more stable profession than his many years as a hired killer. Clinton was often at London due to his frequent entanglements with the law, during which <mask>, as Master of the Horse, would likely have accompanied and escorted him. While staying at Tattershall, <mask> met his future wife, Mary Balls. Mary had been born in Hadleigh, Suffolk  (she is known to have been 24 years old in 1599) and had no known friends or family outside that town, making her sudden appearance at Tattershall in 1599 somewhat puzzling.The only certain previous link between her family and Tattershall is her father, William Balls, being recorded as a witness to a legal document in Tattershall in 1585. William might thus have been known at the Tattershall household in some capacity. Mary conceived <mask>'s first child , and she married him in Cottingham, East Yorkshire on 1 May 1600, at which point she was several months pregnant. It is possible that the reason for the wedding being so late, only six weeks before the birth of their child, was <mask> accompanying Clinton on one of his law-related trips to London. The ceremony took place in the Church of St. Mary in Cottingham, where the marriage register records the marriage of Thedorus Palelogu and Maria Balle. The couple might have chosen to marry at Cottingham, nearly seventy miles away from Tattershall, due to Cottingham being under the rule of the Duke of Suffolk, Clinton's feudal superior. Because of the relation between the duke and the earl, the priest in Cottingham might have avoided asking awkward questions in regards to Mary's pregnancy.Their first child, named <mask>, was baptised on 12 June but died an infant on 1 September. During their time in Lincolnshire, <mask> and Mary had further children. Baptismal records at Tattershall confirms the baptisms of three of their five, possibly six, later children. On 18 August 1606, their daughter Dorothy (identified in the records as "Dorathie, daughter of <mask>") was baptised, followed by <mask> ("<mask>, son of <mask>") on 30 April 1609 and <mask> ("<mask>, son of Paleologo <mask>) on 11 July 1611. There is also a partially legible entry for "Elizabeth, daughter of Theo ..." from August 1614, likely another child of <mask>. Since no further records are known of this Elizabeth, she is likely to have died in infancy. On 14 May 1600, Francis Norreys, the son of Clinton's wife Elizabeth Morrison by a previous marriage, wrote to the Secretary of State, Robert Cecil, in the hope that he would intervene in Clinton's affairs, since Clinton had recently ordered that Elizabeth be confined to Tatershall Castle.The letter references an "Italian murderer", likely <mask>. With Clinton pressured to release her as more and more letters describing her situation came in to Cecil, Elizabeth was released later that year. A passage of Norreys's message reads:

During his time at Tattershall, <mask> also met and befriended John Smith (later a famous captain and explorer in the Americas). After Smith had served as a soldier in the Netherlands, he had returned home to Lincolnshire in 1600 and, tiring of the company of the locals, lived as a recluse, constructing a small wooden house a decent distance away from any major town or village. In his own writings, Smith describes how he was befriended by a “Thaedora Polalaga, Rider to Henry Earle of Lincolne” and describes the man as an “excellent horseman” and a “noble Italian gentleman”. <mask> taught Smith Italian and skill at arms, and might have encouraged him to return to the battlefield. In Philip L. Barbour's The Three Worlds of Captain John Smith (1964), <mask> is thought to be the culprit behind filling "John Smith's fancies with further adventurous notions" through legends of the Ottoman Turks.In Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler's Captain John Smith (2006), <mask> is

masks:
Theodore Paleologus
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore Paleo
Theodorelai
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore Palalogo
Theodore Junior
Theodore Palalogo
Theodore Palalogo
John Theodore
John Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore


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 credited with "igniting the spirit of the Crusaders" in Smith. Smith would later partake in military campaigns against the Ottomans before his more famous ventures in the Americas (such as the establishment of Jamestown, Virginia and his encounter with Pocahontas). Later years
Clinton died on 29 September 1616. After Clinton's death, there are no further records of <mask> at Tattershall, or anywhere else for several years. It is possible that he was quickly evicted by Clinton's son and successor, Thomas Clinton. It is possible that the family lived with Mary's relatives, the Balls family, during this time or that the children were placed in the service of some higher class household, a common practice in regards to adolescents. Another possibility is that <mask> spent much of the time between 1609 and 1621 fighting in the Netherlands during the Eighty Years' War.<mask> is attested as living in Plymouth from 1619 onwards. On 15 June 1619, a fourth son, Ferdinand, was baptised at the Church of St. Andrew in Plymouth, the event being recorded in the baptismal register as the baptism of "Ffardinando son of <mask>logus an Ittalian". The rest of his family was with him at Plymouth, with a document confidently placing <mask> there at least as early as 1623. <mask> was a householder (landlord) in Plymouth, rated in 1628 at a halfpenny a week. That same year, <mask>, now in his mid-sixties, offered his services to the Duke of Buckingham, George Villiers. On account of corruption, enormous wealth and incompetence (for instance having supported unsuccessful wars with France and Spain), as well as interference with the politics of King Charles I, Villiers was, like Henry Clinton before him, one of the most hated men in all of England. Though the unmarried daughters Dorothy and Mary, and the young Ferdinand, probably lived with <mask> and Mary, the older sons were not at home in 1628, with <mask>, aged 19, making his own life elsewhere and <mask> probably still being in service.In <mask>'s letter to Villiers, he describes himself as "capable as one who has lived and shed his blood in war since his youth, at the pleasure of the late Prince of Orange, and other diverse English and French lords who have seen and known me and can bear witness" and calls himself a gentleman of a good family, worthy of the name he bears on account of his many accomplishments, but "unlucky in the misfortune experienced by my ancestors and myself". <mask> met Villiers in Plymouth and had seemingly been promised a rather generous employment, but on the 23 August that same year, Villiers was assassinated, leaving <mask> once more without an employer. Shortly thereafter, <mask> was invited by Sir Nicholas Lower, a rich Cornish squire, to join him at his home in Landulph, Cornwall, probably on account of <mask>'s supposedly exalted lineage. Lower's home, Clifton Hall, was divided to accommodate two families after Mary and the Paleologus daughters (and probably Ferdinand) moved in shortly after <mask>. At Clifton Hall, <mask> probably served the Lowers as a scholar of history and the Greek language, possibly helping to educate their children. <mask> stayed with his family and the Lowers at Clifton Hall for the rest of his life. His wife, Mary Balls, was buried in Plymouth on 24 November 1631 and would have been 56 years old at the time of her death.As per the brass plaque which marks his grave in the Church of St Leonard & St Dilpe in Landulph, <mask> died on 21 January 1636. The brass plaque prominently displays a coat of arms reminiscent of that of the Palaiologos emperors of Byzantium, displaying the imperial double-headed eagle. According to the registers at Landulph, <mask> was buried on 20 October 1636, but this is probably an error since it seems unlikely that his body remained unburied for nine months. The inscription of <mask>'s tombstone reads:

Family and children

With his wife Mary, <mask> had six, possibly seven, children:

 <mask>us (June – 1 September 1600) – <mask> and Mary's first child, died in infancy. Dorothy Paleologus (August 1606 – 1681) – Remained in Landulph after <mask>'s death. Dorothy married William Arundel, son or grandson of Alexander Arundel, who Nicholas Lower had purchased Clifton Hall from. The entries recording the marriage in the marriage registers at Landulph and at William's home parish of St Mellion grandly describe Dorothy as of "imperial stock" (Dorothea Paleologus de stirpe imperatorum).Since the registers at St. Dominic were accidentally destroyed, it is impossible to determine whether Dorothy and William had children, but it is unlikely since Dorothy was fifty years old by the time of the marriage. Dorothy was buried in Landulph in 1681. Mary Paleologus (? – 1674) – Remained in Landulph after <mask>'s death. Very little is known of Mary and she is the only one of the children whose birth year is unknown. She was probably never married and was buried in Landulph on 15 May 1674. <mask>us (April 1609 – April/May 1644) – The oldest son to reach adulthood, <mask> fought for the Parliamentarians, or Roundheads, in the English Civil War (1642–1651).He died during the war in 1644, probably of camp fever during the early stages of the siege of Oxford, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. <mask> Paleologus (June/July 1611 – ?) – The most enigmatic of the children, <mask> is thought to have fought for the Royalists, or Cavaliers, in the English Civil War, but left England before its conclusion, being attested in Barbados with his younger brother Ferdinand in 1644. Nothing is known of <mask> after 1644 and his ultimate fate is unknown. (?) Elizabeth Paleologus (July/August 1614 – ?) – Known only from a partial baptismal record from Tattershall, Elizabeth is likely to have been another of <mask> and Mary's daughters.As she is never referenced again after this baptismal record, it is probable that she died in infancy. Ferdinand Paleologus (June 1619 – 2 October 1670) – The youngest son, Ferdinand travelled with <mask> to Barbados, where he stayed for the rest of his life, becoming one of the elite on the island. He had a son, named <mask>, and was known on Barbados as the "Greek prince from Cornwall". Ferdinand constructed a great house on the island, named Clifton Hall after the house the family had stayed in while in Cornwall. According to some genealogies, <mask> was married to another woman before Mary. This previous marriage would have taken place on 6 July 1593 on the island Chios, his bride being "Eudoxia Comnena", a daughter of the nobleman Alexius Comnenus and his wife Helen Cantacuzene (both parents possessing surnames of Byzantine imperial dynasties). Eudoxia was to have died on 6 July 1596, three years after the wedding, in childbirth, and the couple's only child was said to have been a girl named "Theodora Paleologus", married in 1614 in Naples to "Prince Demetrius Rhodocanakis".Though this genealogy has been accepted by some historians in the past, and notably convinced the papacy and the British Foreign Office, it originates from forgeries created in the 1860s by the London-based Greek merchant Demetrius Rhodocanakis, who claimed that one of Theodora's descendants was Dr. Constantine Rhodocanakis (a real historical figure), who Demetrius in turn claimed was his ancestor. Demetrius's forgeries were revealed when he published a biography on Constantine Rhodocanakis in 1872, wherein a portrait of Constantine was exposed to actually be a portrait of the author himself, dressed in a costume. His genealogy had been thoroughly debunked by the early 20th century. Legacy
<mask>'s grave was accidentally opened in 1795, revealing an oak coffin. Inside, his body was discovered in a good enough state to ascertain that <mask> was far above common height and had possessed an aquiline nose and a long white beard reaching low on his breast. His well-preserved body means that he had probably been embalmed before being buried. To this day, <mask>'s tomb brings many Greek visitors to Landulph.Greek Orthodox memorial services have been observed for him twice, first in the late 20th century by the Welsh-born archimandrite Barnabas (1915–1995) and then in 2007 by Archbishop Gregorios, head of the Greek Orthodox community in Britain. Barnabas's service for <mask> in the late 20th century was the first service of any kind conducted in <mask>'s name since his burial in 1636. Gregorios's rite, conducted on 18 April 2007, involved draping <mask>'s grave in silk ribbons with the colors of the Greek flag, and also displaying flags with the double-headed eagle. The rite was not technically a full traditional memorial rite, since <mask> was not Orthodox, but included chants and incense. The two rites were evocations of ancient Byzantium never before seen in Landulph. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, a member of the modern Greek royal family, visited <mask>'s tomb together with his wife, Queen Elizabeth II, in 1962. <mask> has sometimes figured in popular culture.In the novel Sir John Constantine (1906) by Arthur Quiller-Couch, a band of Cornish squires called the "Constantines" are descended from <mask>. The novel is purported to be the 1756 memoirs of Sir John Constantine Paleologus, who with the rest of the Constantines go on several adventures. John Constantine is described as having white hair and an aquiline nose, clearly based on descriptions of the real <mask>us. In an earlier novella by Quiller-Couch, The Mystery of Joseph Laquedem (1900), a girl named Julie Constantine, also a fictional descendant of <mask>, features in the plot, alongside the actual grave of <mask> himself. During World War I, playwright William Price Drury wrote and produced a play called The Emperor's Ring, in which the central plot revolves around a delegation from various states in the Balkans arriving to Landulph to bend the knee to a living descendant of <mask>, an aged miner called Simon Paleol in the play. After a telegram arrives informing the delegation of the death of Simon's only son in the trenches, their hopes are dashed and as Simon grows more and more tired of the delegation hoping for him to take his place on the throne of Greece, he grabs <mask>'s old signet ring, a priceless heirloom, and throws it in the Tamar river. The Emperor's Ring was later reworked to a short story, published in 1919 with the title All the King's Men.All the King's Men also features a passage inspired by the opening of <mask>'s grave, with the addition that his body crumbles to dust as the grave is opened. The novel Days Without Number (2003) by Robert Goddard is a thriller with supernatural elements and incorporates fictional modern descendants of <mask> as a central plot element. In the novel, <mask>'s Paleologus descendants battle with James Bond-style villains through murders, seductions and car and speedboat chases, all in order to find a lost stained glass window with an inscription supposedly containing the date of the Second Coming, preserved by the Knights Templar through the ages. References

Cited bibliography

1560 births
1636 deaths
Palaiologos dynasty
Italian people of Greek descent
Italian

masks:
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore Paleo
Theodore Junior
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore Junior
John Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore Paleolog
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore Paleolog
Theodore Junior
John Theodore
John Theodore
John Theodore
Theodore
John Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore Paleolog
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore
Theodore


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<mask>. (March 8, 1911 – March 18, 1984) was an American civil rights activist and was the chief lobbyist for the NAACP for nearly 30 years. He also served as a regional director for the organization. <mask>, nicknamed "the 101st U.S. Senator", waged a tireless campaign on Capitol Hill, helping to secure passage of civil rights legislation in the 1950s and 1960s: the Civil Rights Act of 1957, the Civil Rights Act of 1960, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Fair Housing Act (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968). In 1969, he was awarded the Spingarn Medal by the NAACP for these efforts. Later he faced some criticism in the black community for supporting Daniel Patrick Moynihan (see then U.S. Assistant Secretary of Labor; controversy over the War on Poverty, later a noted U.S. Senator from New York) and defending the State of Israel.On June 9, 1980, he was presented with the "Presidential Medal of Freedom" by 39th President Jimmy Carter. After his retirement, <mask> wrote a Sunday editorial column for The Baltimore Sun every Sunday until his death in 1984. The Sun called it "an extraordinary commentary on the civil rights movement." On March 23, 1984, the Sharp Street Memorial United Methodist Church overflowed with 2,500 mourners who gathered from around the country to pay their respects. Included among them was Harry Hughes (Governor of Maryland), William Donald Schaefer (Mayor of Baltimore and later Governor), Benjamin Hooks, director of the NAACP; and Dorothy Height, president of the National Council of Negro Women. The main city court house in Baltimore City was renamed as the Clarence M. <mask> Jr. Courthouse in 1985 in his honor.Other facilities were also named for him. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Baltimore, Maryland, to <mask><mask>, a waiter and Elsie (Davis<mask>, a homemaker. <mask>'s brother, Parren <mask>, became a U.S. Congressman representing Maryland's 7th congressional district. <mask> was raised in a large household consisting of 11 family members (him, along with his parents, his maternal grandparents, and six siblings.) One sibling died prior to <mask>'s birth, and two died when he was young. According to the U.S. Census records in 1910; His maternal grandparents lived with the family until their deaths in 1912 and 1913.The family moved frequently when <mask> was young, living in rented homes in the same area of Baltimore City. In 1929 his parents purchased their own home at 712 Carrollton Avenue in Baltimore's Harlem Park  neighborhood. <mask> saw their hardships; his mother took in meal boarders to supplement his father's income from working at the historic Rennert Hotel on the northeastern corner of West Saratoga and North Liberty Streets. <mask>'s mother and the children attended church at St. Katherine's Episcopal Church, where <mask> and his brother Parren served in the services on Sunday mornings. The family celebrated Christmas, his mother decorating the home. His parents kept things in good condition, with an orderly yard. <mask> was taught by his parents not to "take anything from anyone" when it came to racial issues; the older children taught the younger children, too.<mask> spent time at the YMCA (Colored – Young Men's Christian Association) learning how to box, and earned the nickname "the Shamrock Kid." <mask> excelled in his early childhood education and worked hard to learn lessons taught to him by his illiterate mother. When <mask> was in elementary school, one of his teachers was the mother of Thurgood Marshall, future attorney and United States Supreme Court Justice. <mask> worked many odd jobs throughout his childhood; from hauling ice and coal in a wagon for money, which he subsequently gave to his parents to support the household; to working with Thurgood Marshall and his father as a busboy at the Gibson Island Club. Education
<mask> attended Old Douglass High School, and after graduating, he enrolled at Lincoln University, a historically black college in Pennsylvania. He excelled at his studies. He wrote the song for his graduating class at Lincoln, but was not able to join his fellows on stage, as he was unable to pay overdue tuition.<mask> also attended the University of Minnesota, after which he became the executive secretary for the National Urban League in St. Paul in 1937. While in Minnesota, he led a successful campaign to end employment discrimination practices against African Americans who worked for the city. Career
As a young man, <mask> worked for the Baltimore Afro-American newspaper. He wrote articles about the infamous Scottsboro case in 1931. He also covered the lynching of Matthew Williams on December 4, 1931, in Salisbury, Maryland on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. The young black man was accused of killing his white employer. <mask> had not seen the lynching but arrived as the white mob set Williams' body on fire and dragged it through the black neighborhood of the city.White journalist H.L. Mencken also covered these events for The Baltimore Sun, attacking newspapers on the Eastern Shore for contributing to a racist atmosphere and being too cowardly to cover the lynching. After <mask> returned home and recounted the events, his brother Parren vowed to one day take up the fight for racial justice. In the 1940s, <mask> began working as staff to the Fair Employment Practices Committee, established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt by Executive Order 8802 in 1941, to oversee ending discrimination in defense industries with contracts with the federal government, and provide fair employment opportunities to all Americans. From 1942 to 1946, he acted as "principal fair practice examiner, associate director of field operations, and director of field operations" in the Washington, DC area. Based on that experience, after the end of the war <mask> began working for the NAACP in 1946, as NAACP Labor Secretary and Director of the NAACP Washington Bureau, serving from 1946 to 1950. In 1951 he was promoted to Director of the NAACP Washington Bureau, serving 1951–1954.In 1952 Walter White, president of the NAACP, set up the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, a coalition of civil rights, civic, labor, religious, and fraternal organizations to manage political operations in Washington for civil rights. Roy Wilkins, NAACP executive director, served as chairman of the LCCR, and <mask> was appointed as legislative chairman. "He directed the strategy that resulted in the fulfillment of the goals of the modern civil rights movement." The Civil Rights Act of 1957 was a step toward securing the constitutional rights of all citizens. 1959 was a year of serious losses for <mask>: his father died of cancer in June and his brother Lorenzo in a car accident. Although confined to bed at the time of Lorenzo's death, his mother Elsie Davis <mask> had her other sons carry her into the church for his funeral service, so that she did not have to use a wheelchair. <mask>'s mother died in November 1959; his poem in her honor, "A Star is a Small Reward," was published in the Afro-American.<mask> continued to serve as an NAACP lobbyist to Congress through the 1960s, as the civil rights movement reached new peaks in demonstrations and increasing national awareness through campaigns in the South. <mask> helped secure passage of the era's critical civil rights legislation: the Civil Rights Act of 1960, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Fair Housing Act (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968). He was nicknamed "the 101st U.S. Senator." President Lyndon B. Johnson also led his administration's War on Poverty. He appointed Daniel Patrick Moynihan as Assistant Secretary of Labor. <mask> was criticized by some in the black community for his support of Moynihan during this period, as the latter had written a controversial book analyzing issues of the black family in the United States and poverty.Moynihan later became known as a noted U.S. Senator from New York. In addition, <mask> defended the State of Israel during its war of 1967 against Arab states and was criticized by some. <mask> was among the African-American leaders with whom President Johnson met after Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., was assassinated in April 1968. <mask> was a member on the Board of Regents at the University of Maryland, College Park from 1982 to 1984. His papers and those of the NAACP Washington Bureau 1942–1978, are held at the State University of New York (SUNY) College at Old Westbury, New York.Legacy and honors
In 1969 <mask> was awarded the Spingarn Medal of the NAACP. President Jimmy Carter presented <mask> with the Presidential Medal of Freedom on June 9, 1980. This is the highest civilian honor in the United States. In 1985 the Baltimore City Circuit Courthouse and the States' Attorney's Office for Baltimore City (constructed 1896–1900, one of the city's monuments) was named in his honor. An exhibit on <mask> is installed in the west side lobby facing the St. Paul Street entrance. The <mask> Building, located on the College Park campus (the Office of Undergraduate Admissions), was named in his honor. The <mask>. <mask>. Building, a  facility that houses the engineering program at Morgan State University in Baltimore, was named for him.Denton L. Watson wrote a biography of <mask>: Lion in the Lobby : <mask>, Jr.'s Struggle for the Passage of Civil Rights Laws (2002). <mask> is included among noted citizens in the book Marylanders of the Century, written by Joseph R. L. Sterne, former editor of The Baltimore Sun, who covered the national civil rights struggle from Washington during the 1960s. Denton L. Watson is working on a nine volume historical documentary edition of The Papers of <mask> Jr. Five printed volumes have been published by the Ohio Press so far and he will also include a digital edition. References

Primary sources
 The Papers of <mask> Jr., Volume III: NAACP Labor Secretary and Director of the NAACP Washington Bureau, 1946 – 1950; Volume IV: Director of the NAACP Washington Bureau, 1951 – 1954, edited by Denton L. Watson (Ohio University Press; 2010)

External links

<mask> Jr. Collection, University of Maryland School of Law – Thurgood Marshall Law Library
The Papers of <mask> Jr.
Interview with Denton Watson on his  Lion in the Lobby: <mask> Jr.'s Struggle for the Passage of Civil Rights Laws, Booknotes, 8 July 1990
Juanita Jackson and <mask> Jr. House – Explore Baltimore Heritage

1911 births
1984 deaths
20th-century African-American activists
Activists for African-American civil rights
Activists from Baltimore
American lobbyists
Mitchell family of Maryland
NAACP activists
Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
Spingarn Medal winners
Lincoln University (Pennsylvania) alumni

masks:
Clarence Maurice Mitchell Jr
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Clarence M
. Mitchell
) Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Clarence Mitchell
Clarence
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Clarence
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Mitchell
Clarence M
Mitchell Jr
Mitchell
Clarence Mitchell
Mitchell
Clarence Mitchell
Clarence Mitchell
Clarence Mitchell
Clarence Mitchell
Clarence Mitchell
Clarence Mitchell


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Leo or <mask> (, 1620/30 – 1690) was a painter and educator. There were two other painters named Moskos active around the same period, <mask> and <mask>, who may have been his relatives. Indeed, Leo is often confused with <mask>. Some of his work was inspired by Georgios Klontzas and Franghias Kavertzas. He traveled all over the Venetian Empire. Records indicate he traveled to Venice, Cephalonia, and Zakynthos  His style resembled the Cretan School. He taught famous painter Panagiotis Doxaras.His most popular work is the Last Judgment. His paintings can be found all over the world. Twenty of his paintings have survived. History
Leo was born in Rethimno, Crete sometime between 1620 and 1635. His father's name was George. He was active in Crete, Zakynthos, and Venice. He is often confused with <mask>.The first record of the artist is in Zakynthos around 1653. According to Venetian records, he is first mentioned in Venice on 1655, 1656, 1664 as the sponsor of several baptisms. The priest of the church San Giorgio dei Greci was painter Philotheos Skoufos. Skoufos was later replaced by painter Emmanuel Tzanes. Tzanes’s brother Konstantinos Tzanes was also actively painting in Venice. In 1657, another artist named Ioannis <mask> was married at the San Giorgio dei Greci. To date, there are no records linking <mask> and Ioannis <mask> but a familial relationship is possible.From 1664 to 1666 he is recorded on the island of Cephalonia. On September 30, 1664, there is an agreement between the commissioners of the church of the Ascension in Lixouri and Leo to paint 13 icons. Namely, a large icon of the Ascension, two Archangels at the pulpits, and Christ. The painter's fee was set at 150 realia and the time of completion of the work was May 1665. In March 1665 the church commissioners were looking for money for the ongoing work. On February 17, 1666, Sir <mask> Moskos son of Sir George appointed the priest Symeon Maroudas as his commissioner in Zakynthos. He signed the document Leos Moskos.Recall, <mask> was an active painter in Zakynthos around this period. There might be some familial relationship. Leo was back in Lixouri on October 21, 1666, and signed as a witness. He appears in Zakynthos after 1666 with reference to a Diptych. It is now at the Museum of Zakynthos. The item was taken from the church of Agios Georgios. It was founded in 1669.Around this time, <mask> made an agreement to teach Panagiotis Doxaras's painting in Zakynthos. Regrettably, the published date of the contract was 1685. Leo was in Venice around that time, so he probably taught him around 1670. Another theory is that the contract was made up in Zakynthos but Panagiotis Doxaras might have traveled to Venice. Leo lived in Venice from 1678 to 1688 according to the register of the Greek Brotherhood. In 1681, he was the sponsor of another baptism. He sponsored four recorded baptisms.By this time Moskos also got married. He was married on October 16, 1681. He was recorded in the wedding book as Leo Mosko of Rethimno marrying Zanetta Trivisana from Padua. He was also recorded as a witness to baptisms from 1688 to 1690. The Last Judgement

The last judgment has been a popular theme in art. Michelangelo painted the theme in the Sistine Chapel, The Last Judgment (Michelangelo). Christian denominations consider the Second Coming of Christ to be the final and infinite judgment by God.The theme has been covered in countless artistic mediums. There is no indication that Georgios Klontzas visited the Sistine Chapel but it is a possibility. Georgios Klontzas last judgment is a very popular and important painting. It inspired countless artists. <mask> also painted a similar subject. His work is not identical to Georgios Klontzas but the two paintings are closely similar. In the Klontzas Jesus is at the very top of the painting.It resembles Klontzas In Thee Rejoiceth because the heavenly hierarchy extends outwards. The virgin is to the left of Jesus. The twelve apostles surround Jesus followed by other angles. Under Jesus, there are angels on chariots. Below the angles to the left and the right of the cross are people waiting to be judged. Music is an integral part of the scene. A musical ensemble is under the people waiting to be judged.Instruments are featured and the book life is opened, similar to Michelangelo's Last Judgment. The musical angles are next to the gateway. Next to the lava is an Angle with a sword guiding the damned into purgatory. Under the scene is hell. To the left of hell are saints, church clergy, and chosen nobles. The hell scene is a phenomenal artistic interpretation of purgatory. In the Moskos, Jesus is located at the same place.There are circles of Angles. The Virgin is to the left of Jesus. The Twelve Apostles are further from the center. They are under the angelic hierarchy. Music is also part of the scene. Under Jesus, some of the Angles are holding instruments. There is an angle holding the Holy Towel.Clearly, in the Moskos, there is a distinction between the damned and the chosen. All of the damned people are naked. At the lower-left corner are the chosen clergy, nobles. In the center an angle over stands at the entrance of the lava or doorway to hell. Dragons are a common theme in Klontzas's work. In purgatory, demons are riding dragons. The damned are in chains and nude.They are carried off by demons. Theodore Poulakis also employs similar wolflike demonic creatures in his work resembling Klontzas. In the Moskos, there are the same demon wolflike creatures. The people are all naked and they carried off to hell. In the lower right, there is a mouth eating the lave. This is the only dragon-like creature in the Moskos. Both paintings are extremely similar.<mask>'s was inspired by Klontzas's work. Franghias Kavertzas also had a similar painting it also inspired Moskos. Many other artists also employed a similar theme resembling the artist's paintings. Gallery

Notable works
Christ the Vine (Moskos) Benaki Museum
The Infanticide Barney Burstein's Private Collection Boston
On You Rejoices, Piana Degli Albanesi Mezzojuso, Sicily, Italy
Despotic Icons, Pantocrator Cephalonia
The Last Judgment (Moskos)

See also
Theodore Poulakis
Victor (iconographer)

References

Bibliography

1620 births
1690 deaths
Cretan Renaissance painters
17th-century Greek painters
People from Rethymno

masks:
Leos Moskos
Elias Moskos
Ioannis Moskos
Elias Moskos
Elias Moskos
Moskos
Leos
Moskos
Leos
Elias Moskos
Moskos
Moskos
Moskos


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<mask> (born November 7, 1956) is a retired American boxer, the former IBF Cruiserweight Champion of the World, hailing from Morristown, Tennessee. Professional career
<mask> turned professional in 1981 and won the IBF cruiserweight title with a TKO win over Lee Roy Murphy in 1986. He defended the belt once before losing the title to Evander Holyfield via TKO the following year in a title unification bout. He retired in 1994.

masks:
Ricky Parkey
Parkey


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<mask>,  (born December 23, 1970) is a retired Canadian speed skater and a double Olympic champion in the 500 m and served as the chef de mission for Team Canada at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. Career

Speed skating
Born in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, of Scottish ancestry, <mask> won the Olympic 500 m title at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan and she repeated this feat at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah, giving rise to the title "the fastest woman on ice". At the Nagano Olympics, she also won a bronze on the 1,000 m. She was World Sprint Champion 1998 and 2002 and World Champion 500 m 1998, 1999, and 2001, and she won a 500 m bronze in 2000. She has also won the 500 m World Cup 4 times (in 1998, 1999, 2001, and 2003) and the 1,000 m World Cup once (in 1998). She has twice been Canada's flag bearer at the Winter Olympics, for the 1998 Nagano Olympics closing ceremony and the opening ceremony of the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympics. On November 22, 1997, <mask> became the first woman to break the 38-second barrier for the 500 m, skating 37.90 s in Calgary, Alberta. Before the year was over, she had tied this record once and broken it twice, ending on 37.55 s. Within the next four years, she broke this record four more times, up to 37.22 s in Calgary, in December 2001.No other woman has set eight consecutive World Records in one distance. Between 7 January 2001 and 24 February 2001, <mask> Doan was the only woman under the 38-second barrier, achieving it 14 times, including the eight times that she lowered the overall record. 1. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,40 1 Calgary 06-01-2001
 2. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,55 1 Calgary 28-12-1997
 3. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,57 1 Calgary 07-01-2001
 4. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,71 1 Calgary 27-03-1998
 5.<mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,71 1 Calgary 27-12-1997
 6. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,86 1 Calgary 21-02-1999
 7. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,88 1 Calgary 27-03-1998
 8. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,89 1 Calgary 20-02-1999
 9. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,90 1 Calgary 22-11-1997
10. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,90 1 Calgary 23-11-1997
11. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,90 1 Calgary 29-11-1998
12.<mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,94 1 Calgary 18-11-2000
13. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,97 1 Calgary 12-01-2000
14. <mask> <mask>-Doan CAN 37,98 1 Calgary 13-02-1999

<mask> Doan still had a long way to go before she started fighting for Olympic Gold and World Records. In the 1994 Winter Olympics, she fell on the 500 m and placed 17th on the 1,500 m as her best result. Prior to the Nagano Games, she was training with her teammate and rival Susan Auch, both being coached by Susan's brother, Derrick Auch. In 1998 Nagano, Susan Auch placed 2nd behind Catriona on the 500 m. Leading up to the 2002 Salt Lake City Games, <mask> Doan was coached by the Canadian sprint coach, former Olympic speed skater Sean Ireland. <mask> Doan repeated her gold medal in the 500m at the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympics from the 1998 Nagano Olympics.She became the first Canadian to defend their gold medal at the Olympics. <mask> <mask> was married to <mask>, they separated in 2017. She has two children, Greta and Easton. In 2002, she published an autobiography, Going for Gold. After speedskating

<mask> <mask> retired from competitive skating in 2003, and in 2004 gave birth to her first child, Greta. She was a commentator for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation during the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens and was a member of the official Canadian contingent when Vancouver, British Columbia was chosen as the site of the 2010 Winter Olympics. She is a popular motivational speaker, and has been involved with Campus Crusade for Christ's Power to Change campaign.In 2005, she was made an Officer of the Order of Canada, and inducted into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame. She provided colour commentary for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation during the 2006 Winter Olympics for Speed Skating, and was present to see her former teammates Cindy Klassen and Clara Hughes win their personal and national record achievements. She was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame in 2008 and was also a colour commentator for CTV at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver for the sport of Speed Skating. She was one of four torchbearers selected to light the interior cauldron in BC Place at the opening ceremonies for the 2010 Winter Olympics. She was subsequently left out of the lighting when one of the arms to light the cauldron failed to rise due to mechanical problems. This was remediated, however, as part of the opening segment of the closing ceremonies when she lit the fourth arm of the cauldron. In November 2020 it was announced that <mask> <mask> would be the chef de mission for Team Canada at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.Achievements

Personal records

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Eng, Trond. All Time International Championships, Complete Results: 1889 – 2002. Askim, Norway: WSSSA-Skøytenytt, 2002. Eng, Trond and Preben Gorud Petersen. World All Time Best 2004/2005 – Ladies. Askim, Norway: WSSSA-Skøytenytt, 2005. <mask> <mask>, Catriona with Ken McGoogan.Going For Gold. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: McClelland & Stewart Publishers, 2002. Autobiography

External links

 <mask> <mask> Doan Official Site
 Catriona <mask> Doan at SkateResults.com
 United Athletes Magazine Le May Doan's Olympic experience. Power to Change Site

1970 births
Canadian television sportscasters
Canadian people of Scottish descent
Living people
Lou Marsh Trophy winners
Officers of the Order of Canada
Olympic gold medalists for Canada
Olympic speed skaters of Canada
Sportspeople from Saskatoon
Speed skaters from Calgary
Speed skaters at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Speed skaters at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Speed skaters at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Speed skaters at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Olympic medalists in speed skating
Olympic cauldron lighters
World record setters in speed skating
Canadian female speed skaters
Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Canada
Canadian women television personalities

masks:
Catriona Ann Le May Doan
Le May Doan
Le May Doan
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Catriona
Le May
Le May
Le May
Le May
Le May
Doan
Bart Doan
Le May
Doan
Le May
Doan
Le May
Doan
Catriona
Le May
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<mask> (born 1958) is a Colombian novelist, essayist, journalist, and editor. <mask> is considered one of the most talented post-Latin American Boom writers in Latin American literature. <mask> is best known for his bestselling novel Angosta, and more recently, El Olvido que Seremos (t. Oblivion: A Memoir). Background

<mask> was born and raised in Medellín (Colombia), the only boy -among five sisters- of Cecilia Faciolince and <mask>. <mask>’s father was a prominent medical doctor, university professor, and human rights leader whose holistic vision of healthcare led him to found the Colombian National School of Public Health. After graduating from an Opus Dei-run private Catholic school, <mask> moved to Mexico City in 1978 where his father was appointed as Cultural Counselor of the Colombian Embassy in Mexico. While in Mexico, he attended literature, creative writing and poetry workshops at La Casa del Lago, the first off campus cultural center of the National Autonomous University of Mexico.In 1979, <mask> moved back to Medellín and pursued studies in Philosophy and Literature at the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Later in 1982, he was expelled from the University for writing an irreverent article against the Pope. He then moved to Italy and completed studies on Modern Languages and Literature at the University of Turin in 1986. <mask> graduated with the highest academic honors of summa cum laude, and his thesis on Guillermo Cabrera Infante's 1967 novel Tres tristes tigres was also awarded "Dignitá di Stampa" (a special distinction that literally means "worthy of publication"). <mask> returned to his home town in Colombia in 1987, but later that year his father was murdered by the paramilitaries in a crime that brought about shock in Colombia. <mask> himself was threatened with death and had to fly back immediately to Europe; first to Spain and finally to Italy, where he established his residence for the next five years. While in Italy, <mask> worked as a lecturer of Spanish at the University of Verona until 1992.At this time, he also earned a living translating literary works from Italian to Spanish. His translations of Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa’s The Siren and Selected Writings, Gesualdo Bufalino’s Qui Pro Quo and Umberto Eco’s Annotations to The Name of the Rose have been well received critically. He has also translated numerous works by Italo Calvino, Leonardo Sciascia, Primo Levi, and Natalia Ginzburg. Upon returning to Colombia, <mask> was appointed director of the University of Antioquia Journal (1993–1997). <mask> has been columnist for prestigious newspapers and magazines in Colombia, such as Revista Cromos, La Hoja, El Malpensante, Revista Semana, and Revista Cambio, the last co-founded by the Nobel Prize–winning Colombian author Gabriel García Márquez. He has also worked as a journalist for the newspapers El Mundo, El Colombiano, and El Espectador. He is a regular contributor to other Latin American and Spanish papers and magazines.<mask> has been a guest speaker at a number of universities worldwide, including Columbia University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Verona, University of Turin, University of Cagliari, University of Bologna, and University of Florence. He has also been seasonal lecturer at the Università del Piemonte Orientale in Vercelli. Awarded the prestigious German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) fellowship, <mask> lived in Berlin from 2006 to 2007. He later returned to Medellín and was appointed editor-in-chief of the EAFIT University Press. Since May 2008, <mask> has been a member of the editorial board of El Espectador, the oldest newspaper in Colombia. In 2014 he was the 31st Samuel Fischer Visiting Professor at the Peter Szondi Institute of Comparative Literature at the Free University of Berlin, where he taught a seminar entitled "Literature and Violence". <mask> is an atheist.Writing

<mask> started his literary career at a very young age. He was just 12 years old when he wrote his first short stories and poetry works. <mask> was twenty one years of age when he was awarded the 1980 Colombian National Short Story Prize for Piedras de Silencio (t. Stones of Silence), a short story about a miner trapped deep underground. While still in Italy, he published his first book, Malos Pensamientos (1991) but it was only upon returning to Colombia in 1993, that <mask> become a full-time writer. <mask> forms part of a new generation of authors that emerges in Colombia beyond magical realism. Among a notably circle of new Colombian writers such as Santiago Gamboa,  Jorge Franco, Laura Restrepo, and others(1), <mask>’s literary works often focus on the personality of the narrator and the act of narration in its pursuit of protection and power. The richness, plot, irony, permanent enticement of the reader, the intensity of his stories, as well as the seriousness of the social, historical, and human research behind his confessional narrative, stand <mask> as a brilliant recreator of the contemporary Colombian society through literature.Malos Pensamientos (1991) is a sort of James Joyce’s Dubliners short tales that offer vivid, witty, and tightly focused observations of Medellín’s everyday life back in the eighties. Asuntos de un Hidalgo Disoluto (1994; Eng. The Joy of Being Awake, 1996) deliberately models itself on two key 18th-century works: Laurence Sterne's Tristram Shandy and Voltaire's Candide. Like Sterne's eccentric novel, The Joy of Being Awake is a bittersweet account of the life and opinions of a man at odds with himself, narrated in nonchronological fashion with plenty of entertaining digressions and the occasional formal game. Narrated by a character who is a 71-year-old Colombian millionaire, this work is a Colombian version of the Spanish picaresque novel. Writing at the end of his life, the narrator looks back on his life of debauchery – and the failure of his high pretensions – through reminiscences to his younger mute secretary and lover, Cunegunda Bonaventura. The narrator often gives two versions of a memory: first what he wishes had happened and then what really happened.<mask>'s novel has a surface geniality that barely conceals undercurrents of discontent and despair. (2) This novel is considered as one of the better works of fiction to appear recently in Colombia. Tratado de Culinaria para Mujeres Tristes (1996; t: Recipes for Sad Women) is a book of uncertain literary genre that combines a collection of false recipes (coelacanth, dinosaur, or mammoth meat) with real recipes. The book is neither a novel nor a collection of recipes, but rather a collection of sensitive short reflections about unhappiness. With a love for droll turns of phrase, <mask> blends melancholy with even-seasoned irony in well-composed sentences. Fragmentos de Amor Furtivo (1998; t: Fragments of Furtive Love). adopts the framework of the book of One Thousand and One Nights in modified form.Every night, a woman delays her lover's departure by telling him stories of her past lovers. As a background, <mask> portraits a 1990s middle-class Medellín as a city besieged by pestilence and disenchantment, the most violent city in the world, where the intensity of violence buried its inhabitants alive. As in the Decameron, Susana and Rodrigo lock themselves up in the hills, far away from the city pestilence, and tell each other stories that would save them from death. Basura (2000; t: Garbage) is perhaps <mask>’s most experimental work. It alludes to role models, such as the storytellers Kafka or Pavese who were angst ridden for life, and tells of a writer, Bernardo Davanzati, who tosses his works directly into the garbage can. His neighbour finds the texts and over time turns into an assiduous and diligent reader, to whom the many woes of being a writer are revealed. The act of writing and the role of the reader in literature are topics which are highlighted time and again.Palabras sueltas (2002; t. Loose Words) is a book of brief cultural and political essays that were compiled from <mask>’s most successful columns written for newspapers and cultural magazines. Oriente Empieza en El Cairo (2002; t. East begins in Cairo) is a fascinating chronicle of a man’s voyage around the millenary Egypt. The narrator, accompanied by two wives, depicts two versions of the everyday reality of a mythical mega-city that brings memories of other realities, images, and stories lived in distant Medellín. Angosta (2004). Echoes of Hyperrealism rather than Magic Realism are clearly present in this award-winning novel. In a fantastical parable of Colombian society, <mask> describes a fictitious city whose population has been divided into three different castes living in

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Héctor Joaquín Abad Fce
Héctor Abad Gómez
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 separate sectors. Against the backdrop of the violent perpetuation of this system, a kaleidoscope of eccentrics from the ruling class is depicted.The novel recreates Colombia’s last years of violence with enormous synthetic capacity, complexity and efficiency, and a great deal of knowledge about the conflict. <mask> provides us with one of the very best novels on the second wave of violence during the twentieth century in Colombia. (4) In March 2007, the Colombian magazine Semana published a list of the best work of fiction written in Spanish over the last 25 years. Among the thirty books to have received multiple votes was <mask>'s Angosta. El Olvido que Seremos (2006; t. Oblivion: A Memoir). It took <mask> nearly 20 years to get the courage to write this book about his father, his life and the circumstances of his murder by Colombian paramilitaries. The result is a cathartic and sentimental—but not clichéd—account of a man who fought against oppression, and social inequality and whose voice was shut down by six bullets in the head.The narration itself—which focuses more on the father’s activism and the father figure per se than on the man himself—was a process for the author; <mask> goes beyond memory, opening up his own feelings and responses to his loss and depicts his father as the symbol of the ongoing fight against injustice, thus, illuminating and strengthening the Colombian memory. Las Formas de la Pereza y Otros Ensayos (2007; t. The Forms of Laziness and Other Essays) is a book about the origin and manifestations of laziness. The author’s hypothesis is that laziness would not be a luxury but the original condition of human existence, and the starting point of all subsequent human creations. An extensive bibliography about his writings has been prepared by Professor Augusto Escobar Mesa from the University of Antioquia, and the Université de Montréal. Columnist
<mask> started to write in Newspapers and Magazines since he was in school and later when he was in college. After college, he wrote in newspapers such as El Espectador and continued for more than 15 years. In <mask>’s writings, one can see his incisive character when writing about controversial subjects such as globalization, religion, corruption, etc.Jiménez confirms that one can see the reoccurring themes in <mask>’s columns, which are: rhetoric, personal themes, writing jobs, literary structures, phobias, science, against globalization, Medellín and religion. In the newspaper El Espectador, Faciolince publishes a weekly column where he clearly expresses his opinion. By doing this, he allows one to see sections that talk about writing and grammar in the 21st century

Faciolince, in collaborations in literature magazines like El Malpensante, exhibits his critical view of literature, what he considers to be a good writer and a good book. One can find articles like Por qué es tan malo Paulo Coelho, where one can infer things such as:

If Coelho sells more books than all of the other Brazilian writers combined, then that means his books are foolish and elementary. If they were profound books, literarily complex, with serious ideas and well elaborated, the public would not buy them because the masses tend to be uneducated and have very bad taste. <mask> does not try to be a best-seller but creates complete characters like Gaspar Medina in the novel Asuntos de un hidalgo disoluto, where one can see Medina's periodization of being a hidalgo and dissolute. Or, likewise, explain relevant themes like in his novel Angosta where it "takes elements of actual Colombian reality like poverty, subjects of economics and politics, subversive groups, etc.later for parody and exaggeration in the near future." Reception

 1980. Colombian National Short Story Prize for Piedras de Silencio
 1996. National Creative Writing Scholarship; Colombian Ministry of Culture for Fragmentos de Amor Furtivo. 1998. Simón Bolívar National Prize in Journalism. 2000.1st Casa de America Award for Innovative American Narrative for Basura. 2004. Best Spanish Language Book of the Year (People’s Republic of China) for Angosta. 2006. German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) fellowship. 2007. National Book Award; Libros & Letras Latin American and Colombian Cultural Magazine for El Olvido que Seremos.2007. Simón Bolívar National Prize in Journalism. 2010. Casa de America Latina, Lisboa
 2012. WOLA-Duke University Human Rights Book Award

Published works

 Malos Pensamientos (1991)
 Asuntos de un Hidalgo Disoluto (1994; Eng. The Joy of Being Awake, 1996)
 Tratado de Culinaria para Mujeres Tristes (1996; t: Cookbook for Sad Women)
 Fragmentos de Amor Furtivo (1998; t: Fragments of Furtive Love)
 Basura (2000; t: Garbage)
 Palabras Sueltas (2002; t: Loose Words)
 Oriente Empieza en El Cairo (2002)
 Angosta (2004)
 El Olvido que Seremos (2006; The Oblivion We Shall Be)(Published in the United States as Oblivion, 2012)
 Las Formas de la Pereza y Otros Ensayos (2007; t: The Forms of Laziness and Other Essays)
 El Amanecer de un Marido (2008; t: The Awakening of a Husband)
 Traiciones de la Memoria (2009; t: Treasons of Memory)
 Testamento involuntario (2011, poetry)
 La Oculta (2014, novel)
 Lo que fue presente (2019, diaries 1985-2006)

Translated works

English:
 1996. The Joy of Being Awake (Asuntos de un Hidalgo Disoluto), pub.by Brookline Books in the US
 2010. Oblivion: A Memoir (El olvido que seremos), pub. by Old Street Publishing in the UK, and in 2012 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux in the US (2012)
 2012. Recipes for Sad Women (Tratado de Culinaria para Mujeres Tristes), pub. by Pushkin Press in the UK
 2018 The Farm  (La Oculta)' Archipelago Press in the US
Italian:
 1997. Trattato di Culinaria per Donne Tristi (Tratado de Culinaria para Mujeres Tristes). 2008.Scarti (Basura). 2009. L'oblio che saremo (El Olvido que Seremos). German:
 2001. Kulinarisches Traktat für traurige Frauen (Tratado de Culinaria para Mujeres Tristes). 2009. Brief an einen Schatten: Eine Geschichte aus Kolumbien (El olvido que seremos).2011. Das Gedicht in der Tasche. 2016. La Oculta. Greek:
 2000. Συvtα¡έs ¡ια απо¡оntευ έs ¡υvαίkεs (Tratado de Culinaria para Mujeres Tristes)
Portuguese:
 2001. Receitas de Amor para Mulheres Tristes (Tratado de Culinaria para Mujeres Tristes).2001. Fragmentos de Amor Furtivo (Fragmentos de Amor Furtivo). 2009. Somos o Esquecimento que Seremos (El Olvido que Seremos). 2011. A Ausência que seremos (Companhia das Letras)
 2012. Livro de receitas para mulheres tristes
 2012.Os Dias de Davanzati (Basura). Chinese:
 2005. 深谷幽城 (Angosta) The four Chinese characters mean, respectively: deep, valley, faint or dim, and castle, so an attempt to a translation would be "The deep valley and the dim castle". <mask> <mask> Faciolince's name is rendered in Chinese as 埃克托尔·阿瓦德·法西奥林塞. Dutch:
 2010. Het vergeten dat ons wacht (El Olvido que Seremos). 2016.'De geheime droom van het land'(La Oculta). French:
 2010. L'oubli que nous serons (Gallimard)
 2010. Angosta (Lattès)
 2010. Traité culinaire à l'usage des femmes tristes (Lattès)
Arabic:
2014 النسيان (El Olvido que seremos)
Rumanian:
2014. Suntem deja uitarea ce vom fi (Curtea Veche)
Ukrainian:
2021. Ми забуття, яке настане (El Olvido que Seremos), pub.by Publishing House Compás

References

(1) New Generation of Novelists Emerges in Colombia. The New York Times; April 6 (2003). (2) Moore, Steven. "Fiction in Translation." Washington Post Book World, 22 December 1996, p. 9. (3) Moyano Martin, D (editor). Handbook of Latin American Studies; Vol.56. University of Texas Press (1999). (4) Osorio, O. Poligramas 22 (2005). (5) Jiménez, C (2006). Héctor <mask> Faciolince: vida y obra de un quitapesares. Undergraduate thesis, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Colombia.External links
 Testimonios sobre El Olvido que Seremos (t. Testimonies on "The Oblivion We Shall Be") Spanish. Pie de Pagina, 2007. Interview "La hojarasca" - # 27 - March 2007 Spanish. Biography of the international literature festival berlin
 "Héctor <mask> Faciolince" by Catalina Quesada Gómez (published in The Contemporary Spanish American-Novel: Bolaño and After, 2013)
 Review by Mario Vargas Llosa
Héctor <mask> Faciolince recorded at the Library of Congress for the Hispanic Division's audio literary archive on November 24, 2015
 Catalina Quesada y Kristine Vanden Berghe, El libro y la vida. Ensayos críticos sobre la obra de Héctor <mask> Faciolince. EAFIT/Université de Liège, 2019. 1958 births
Colombian male writers
Living people
People from Medellín
University of Turin alumni
Colombian essayists
Male essayists
Colombian atheists
Colombian atheist writers
Colombian expatriates in Mexico
Colombian expatriates in Italy
Colombian expatriates in

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