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William Charles Virdon (June 9, 1931 – November 23, 2021) was an American professional baseball outfielder, manager, and coach in Major League Baseball (MLB). Virdon played in MLB for the St. Louis Cardinals and Pittsburgh Pirates from 1955 through 1965 and in 1968. He served as a coach for the Pirates and Houston Astros, and managed the Pirates, Astros, New York Yankees, and Montreal Expos. After playing in the minors for the Yankees organization, Virdon was traded to the Cardinals, and he made his MLB debut in 1955. That year, Virdon won the National League Rookie of the Year Award. He slumped at the beginning of the 1956 season, and was traded to the Pirates, where he spent the remainder of his playing career. A premier defensive outfielder during his playing days as a center fielder for the Cardinals and Pirates, Virdon led a strong defensive team to the 1960 World Series championship.In 1962, <mask> won a Gold Glove Award. Following the 1965 season, he retired due to his desire to become a manager. Virdon managed in the minor leagues until returning to the Pirates as a coach in 1968. He served as manager of the Pirates in 1972 and 1973, before becoming the manager of the Yankees in 1974. During the 1975 season, the Yankees fired Virdon, and he was hired by the Astros. After being fired by the Astros after the 1982 season, Virdon managed the Expos in 1983 and 1984. Virdon won The Sporting News Manager of the Year Award in 1974, his only full season working for the Yankees, and in 1980, while managing the Astros.He returned to the Pirates as a coach following his managerial career, and remained with the Pirates as a guest instructor during spring training. Early life
William Charles Virdon was born in Hazel Park, Michigan, on June 9, 1931. His parents, Bertha and <mask>, were originally from Missouri, but moved to Hazel Park during the Great Depression, where they were able to find jobs in automotive factories. When he was 12 years old, his family moved to West Plains, Missouri. Virdon attended West Plains High School. He competed in American football, basketball, and track and field for the school. As West Plains did not compete in baseball, Virdon traveled to Clay Center, Kansas, to play for their American Amateur Baseball Congress team as a center fielder and shortstop.He enrolled at Drury University in Springfield, Missouri. Professional career

Playing career

Minor league career
Virdon attended an open tryout held by the New York Yankees in Branson, Missouri, and scout Tom Greenwade signed Virdon to the Yankees for a $1,800 signing bonus ($ in current dollar terms). Virdon made his professional debut in 1950 with the Independence Yankees in the Class D Kansas–Oklahoma–Missouri League, and was promoted to the Kansas City Blues in the Class AAA American Association for the final 14 games of the season. Virdon played for the Norfolk Tars in the Class B Piedmont League in 1951, and for the Binghamton Triplets in the Class A Eastern League in 1952. The Yankees assigned him to Kansas City in 1953, but he struggled, batting .233. While he played in Kansas City, Virdon was diagnosed with astigmatism. When Kansas City manager Harry Craft noticed Virdon reading while wearing glasses, Craft told him to wear them while he played.The Yankees demoted <mask> to the Birmingham Barons in the Class AA Southern Association. In 42 games for Birmingham, Virdon had a .317 batting average. According to Hal Smith, his roommate with Birmingham, Virdon changed his approach to hitting, prioritizing line drives to all parts of the field, rather than trying to hit for power. <mask> remained stuck behind Mickey Mantle on the Yankees' depth chart for center field, while Gene Woodling and Hank Bauer played the corner outfield positions. The Yankees traded <mask> to the St. Louis Cardinals before the 1954 season with Mel Wright and Emil Tellinger for veteran outfielder and All-Star Enos Slaughter. Virdon struggled during spring training, and Cardinals manager Eddie Stanky worked with Virdon to improve his hitting. The Cardinals assigned Virdon to the Rochester Red Wings of the Class AAA International League for the season.He led the league with a .333 batting average and hit 22 home runs, finishing second in voting for the International League Most Valuable Player Award to catcher Elston Howard with the Toronto Maple Leafs Baseball Club. Major league career
Virdon joined the Cardinals in 1955, as the Cardinals moved Stan Musial to first base to allow Virdon to play the outfield. As a rookie, Virdon had a .281 average with 17 home runs and 69 runs batted in (RBIs). He was named the winner of the National League (NL) Rookie of the Year Award, voted on by the Baseball Writers' Association of America, beating Jack Meyer of the Philadelphia Phillies. After the 1955 season, the Cardinals hired Frank Lane, nicknamed "The Trader", as their general manager. Virdon slumped to begin the 1956 season, and the Cardinals traded him to the Pittsburgh Pirates in May 1956 for Bobby Del Greco and Dick Littlefield. Lane claimed that Virdon's late season slump in 1955 was because he tired down the stretch, and that is why he chose to trade him.Lane later referred to the trade as "the worst trade [he] ever made". When he arrived at Pittsburgh, he developed an eye condition, for which he received treatment, missing one week of the season. <mask>'s vision improved, and he challenged Hank Aaron for the NL batting title. Virdon batted .334 for the Pirates during remainder of the season, which increased his season batting average to .319, second-best in the NL to Aaron, who batted .328. Pirates' announcer Bob Prince gave <mask> the nickname "Quail" due to the frequency of his soft-hit infield hits. The Pirates hired Danny Murtaugh as their manager during the 1957 season; Virdon credited Murtaugh with pushing him to perform at his best. Virdon consistently batted in the .260s for the next several seasons.He led all NL center fielders in assists in 1959 with 16, and in double plays turned with five. In 1960, <mask>, along with right fielder Roberto Clemente, shortstop Dick Groat, second baseman <mask>ki, and third baseman Don Hoak, formed a strong defensive unit for the Pirates, and they reached the 1960 World Series, where they faced the New York Yankees. <mask> batted .241 during the seven game series. In the deciding Game 7, he hit a ground ball that struck Yankees shortstop Tony Kubek in the throat after taking an unpredictable bounce, enabling Virdon to reach base safely. This started a rally for the Pirates that culminated in <mask>'s home run that won the series for Pittsburgh. <mask> led the NL in triples with 10 during the 1962 season. That year, he won the Rawlings Gold Glove Award.He struggled in the 1964 season, batting only .243. Though his batting average improved to .279 in the 1965 season, <mask> retired after the season due to his desire to become a manager. <mask> retired with 1,596 MLB hits and a career batting average of .267 with 91 home runs during his 1,583-game NL career. Virdon hit an impressive .404 against Sandy Koufax, the highest average of any batter facing the legendary Hall of Fame pitcher. Coaching and managing

Virdon began operating a baseball academy in 1956. After the 1962 season, Virdon coached in the Arizona Instructional League. He coached in the Florida Instructional League following the 1964 season.Following his retirement as a player after the 1965 season, <mask> spent the next two seasons as a manager in the minor leagues for the New York Mets' organization. In 1966, he managed the Williamsport Mets of the Eastern League, and in 1967, he managed the Jacksonville Suns of the International League. He led Williamsport to a 68–72 win-loss record, and Jacksonville to a 66–73 record. Virdon joined the Pirates' major league coaching staff under manager Larry Shepard in 1968. He also appeared in six games as a player because a number of Pirates players had entered military service. Shepard left the Pirates after the 1969 season, and <mask> interviewed to become the Pirates' next manager. However, the Pirates re-hired Murtaugh, and <mask> remained on Murtaugh's coaching staff.<mask> coached for the Pirates as they won the 1971 World Series. Due to health problems, Murtaugh retired after the 1971 season, and <mask> was named as his successor. As a manager, <mask> led the Pirates to the 1972 NL East division title, but the Pirates lost the 1972 National League Championship Series (NLCS) to the Cincinnati Reds when Pittsburgh pitcher Bob Moose unleashed a wild pitch in the final inning of Game 5, allowing the winning run to score. The 1973 Pirates now played without Clemente, who died during the previous offseason. Further struggles included pitcher Steve Blass' inability to throw strikes and injuries to Dock Ellis. <mask> clashed with Ellis and Richie Hebner. The Pirates were in third place with a 67–69 record when the team fired Virdon and replaced him with Murtaugh.The Yankees announced the hiring of Dick Williams as their manager for the 1974 season, but American League president Joe Cronin nullified the transaction because Williams was still under contract with the Oakland Athletics. The Athletics demanded prospects Otto Vélez and Scott McGregor as compensation for Williams, but the Yankees decided the price was too steep. Without a manager, the Yankees hired <mask>, signing him to a one-year contract. <mask> led the Yankees to a competitive finish, one game behind the Baltimore Orioles in the American League East division. He won The Sporting News Manager of the Year Award. The Yankees signed him to a two-year contract after the 1974 season, with a raise from $50,000 to $65,000 per year. However, Virdon clashed with Bobby Murcer.He received a death threat due to his preference of playing Elliott Maddox over Murcer in center field. The Yankees struggled in 1975. When <mask> was fired as manager of the Texas Rangers during the 1975 season, the Yankees fired <mask> on August 2 and hired Martin. The Houston Astros hired <mask> as their manager on August 20, 1975, succeeding Preston Gómez. Tal Smith, who had served as executive vice president for the Yankees, had become the Astros' general manager on August 7. <mask> led the Astros to third-place finishes in 1976 and 1977, but the Astros slipped to fifth place in 1978. The 1979 Astros fell one game short of winning the NL West division championship.The Astros tied the Los Angeles Dodgers for the division championship in 1980, and defeated them in the 1980 NL West tie-breaker game. The Astros played the Philadelphia Phillies in the 1980 NLCS, losing the series in five games. He again won the Manager of the Year Award in 1980. Due to the 1981 Major League Baseball strike, the 1981 season was split into halves with each half's winner appearing in the 1981 NL Division Series. The Dodgers won the first half, while the Astros won the second. In the Division Series, the Dodgers defeated the Astros in five games. During the 1982 season, the Astros fell to fifth place.<mask> was fired during the season and replaced by Bob Lillis. The Montreal Expos hired <mask> as their manager before the 1983 season, replacing Jim Fanning, and signed him to a two-year contract. During the 1984 season, Virdon expressed to Expos general manager John McHale that he did not want to return to the Expos in 1985. With a 64–67 record in August 1984, the Expos fired Virdon, replacing him with Fanning. Gary Lucas, a pitcher for the Expos, felt that they had lost many one-run games because Virdon was too conservative in his managing, not employing the hit and run play and relying on the starting pitcher for too long into the game. Virdon returned to the Pirates as the hitting coach under Jim Leyland in 1986, Leyland's first season as a manager. He took the position only when he was convinced that he would not succeed Leyland should the Pirates fire him.Following a contract dispute, the Pirates replaced <mask> with Milt May before the 1987 season. <mask> remained with the Pirates as a minor league hitting instructor from 1987 through 1989. He worked as a spring training instructor for the Cardinals in 1990 and 1991, and then rejoined Leyland's coaching staff in Pittsburgh in 1992. With Major League Baseball expanding by two teams for the 1993 season, in 1992 Virdon interviewed for the managerial positions of both expansion teams, the Florida Marlins and the Colorado Rockies. The Marlins instead hired Rene Lachemann, and the Rockies hired Don Baylor. In 1994, Virdon interviewed with the Orioles for their vacant managerial position. Virdon left the Pirates after the 1995 season.He became the bench coach for the Astros under first-time manager Larry Dierker in 1997. The Pirates brought <mask> back as their bench coach for the 2001 season under first-time manager Lloyd McClendon. He retired from coaching after the 2002 season. <mask>'s career managerial record, over all or parts of 13 seasons, was 995–921 (.519). He also managed in the minor leagues for the Cardinals and the Astros. In June 2012, the Pirates attempted to add <mask> and Mazeroski to their coaching staff, but were rebuffed by MLB for violating the rules on uniformed coaching staffs after one game. Virdon continued to serve as a special outfield instructor for the Pirates during spring training.Managerial record

Personal life
<mask> and his wife, Shirley, married in November 1951, and lived in Springfield, Missouri. They had three daughters. Together, <mask> and <mask> endowed two scholarships at Southeast Missouri State University, Shirley's alma mater, with one specifically devoted to a baseball player. A portion of the U.S. Route 63 business route in West Plains is named "<mask> Boulevard". <mask> was inducted into the Missouri Sports Hall of Fame in 1983, and named a Missouri Sports Legend by the Missouri Sports Hall of Fame in 2012. The Independence Baseball Hall of Fame inducted Virdon in 2013. Following Whitey Herzog's election to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2012, Herzog indicated that he would champion Virdon's cause to the Veterans Committee in future elections.<mask> died on November 23, 2021, at the age of 90. See also

 List of Major League Baseball annual triples leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career assists as a center fielder leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career fielding errors as a center fielder leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career games played as a center fielder leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career putouts as a center fielder leaders

References

External links

1931 births
2021 deaths
American expatriate baseball players in Cuba
Baseball coaches from Michigan
Baseball players from Michigan
Birmingham Barons players
Drury Panthers men's basketball players
Gold Glove Award winners
Houston Astros coaches
Houston Astros managers
Kansas City Blues (baseball) players
Major League Baseball bench coaches
Major League Baseball center fielders
Major League Baseball first base coaches
Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award winners
Minor league baseball managers
Montreal Expos managers
New York Yankees managers
Norfolk Tars players
People from Hazel Park, Michigan
People from West Plains, Missouri
Pittsburgh Pirates coaches
Pittsburgh Pirates managers
Pittsburgh Pirates players
Rochester Red Wings players
St. Louis Cardinals players
Williamsport Mets players

masks:
Virdon
Charles Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Bill Mazeros
Virdon
Bill Mazeroski
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Billy Martin
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Virdon
Bill
Shirley Virdon
Billdon
Virdon
Virdon


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<mask> (吉増 剛造|Yoshimasu Gōzō) (born 1939, Tokyo) is a prolific Japanese poet, photographer, artist and filmmaker active since the 1960s. He has received a number of literary and cultural awards, including the Takami Jun Prize (1971), the Rekitei Prize, the Purple Ribbon Medal in 2003 (given by the Government of Japan), the 50th Mainichi Art Award for Poetry  (2009),  and the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays in 2013. Major influences include Shinobu Orikuchi, Paul Klee, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cézanne, William Blake, John Cage, Patrick Chamoiseau. Many of his poems are multilingual, blending elements of French, English, Chinese, Korean, Gaelic, and more, and feature cross-linguistic and typographic wordplay. His poems rely on intimate experiences with geography and history, layering encounters in the present with a keen awareness of the past. Drawing on multiple translators whose detailed notes appear opposite the translations, helping to elucidate them, Alice Iris Red Horse: Selected Poems of <mask>zo, a Book in and on Translation is the most extensive and adventurous attempt at an English translation of <mask>'s complex poetry. <mask>'s performances often include film, the display of fetish objects, chanting, ritual procedures, and the collaboration of musicians and other artists.In a 2014 interview by Aki Onda on the MoMA blog "Post," <mask> described the relationship of his poetry to performance by remarking, "My quest is to reclaim the poetry that lies at the root of performing arts." His visual art has been gaining increased recognition, with the Japan Art Academy awarding him the Imperial Prize and the Japan Art Academy Prize in 2015. These include:

 Yoshimasu Gōzō Anthology (吉増剛造詩集, Shichōsha, gendaishi bunko, 1971)()
 Yoshimasu Gōzō Anthology 1-5 (吉増剛造詩集 1-5, Kawade Shobō Shinsha, 1977–78)
 August Sunset, Unicorn (八月の夕暮、一角獣よ, Chūsekisha, 1992)
 『続・吉増剛造詩集』(Shichōsha, gendaishi bunko, 1994) ()
 『続続・吉増剛造詩集』(Shichōsha, gendaishi bunko, 1994) ()
 『吉増剛造詩集』(Kadokawa Haruki Jimusho, Haruki bunko, 1999) ()

Others
 Morning Letters (朝の手紙, (Ozawa Shoten, 1974)
 I Am a Flaming Mirage (わたしは燃えたつ蜃気楼, Ozawa Shoten, 1976)
 River of the Sun (太陽の川, Ozawa Shoten, 1978)
 A Quiet Place (静かな場所, Shoshi Yamada, 1981)
 Imagine a Helix (螺旋形を想像せよ, Ozawa Shoten, 1981)
 The Tram that Flew to the Sky (そらをとんだちんちんでんしゃ. Mokpo Correspondence (木浦通信, Yatate Shuppan, 2010)
 Poetics Lecture: Infinite Echoes (詩学講義 無限のエコー, Keiō University Press, 2012)
 Poetic Autobiography: Grab the Flame with Bare Hands! (我が詩的自伝 素手で焔をつかみとれ！, Kōdansha, 2016)
 Like Tattooing My Heart (心に刺青をするように, Fujiwara Shoten, 2016)
 Gozo Notes, 1-3 (GOZOノート 1-3, Keiō University Press, 2016)
 Ecriture of the Moment (瞬間のエクリチュール, edition.nord, 2016)
  La Broderie de feu: Gozo Yoshimasu, 2008-2017 (火ノ刺繍 吉増剛造 2008-2017, Kyōbunsha, 2018)

Co-authored works
 Bones of the Tree with Kido Shuri (木の骨, Yatate Shuppan, 1993)
 Sea of Melted Snow: Tampopo and Tampupu (はるみずのうみ - たんぽぽとたんぷぷ, Yatate Shuppan, 1999) ()
 Dolce/Sweetly: A New Encounter with Image and Word (ドルチェ-優しく―映像と言語、新たな出会い, with Aleksandr Nikolayevich Sokurov, Shimao Miho. Iwanami Shoten, 2001) ()
 Words that Quake to the Loom (機―ともに震える言葉, with Ryoko Sekiguchi, Shoshi Yamada, 2006) ()
 Across the Naked Common: Japanese and American Poets' Response to Emerson with Forrest Gander and Masaki Horiuchi (裸のcommonを横切って―エマソンへの日米の詩人の応答, Takanashi Shobō, 2019)

Interviews/Dialogues
Yoshimasu has often had dialogues with creators from Japan and around the world. These include:

 Ocean in a Boardgame, Cosmos in a Poem (盤上の海、詩の宇宙, Kawade Shobō Shinsha, 1997) Conversations with Yoshiharu Habu ()
 At the Edge of this Era (この時代の縁で, with Hiromasa Ichimura, Heibonsha, 1998) ()
 On the Shores of "Asia" (「アジア」の渚で, (Fujiwara Shoten, 2005) Dialogue with / co-authored by Korean poet Ko Un ()
 To the World as Archipelago (アーキペラゴ - 群島としての世界へ, Iwanami Shoten, 2006) Dialogue / epistolary exchange with Ryūta Imafuku, Professor of Anthropology and Communication at Tokyo University of Foreign Studies ()

Translations into French
 Osiris: Dieu de pierre.Tr. Claude Mouchard and Makiko Ueda. Circé, 1989. Ex-Voto, a thousand steps and more, translated by Ryoko Sekiguchi, Éditions Les petits matins October 2009. The Other Voice, translated by Ryoko Sekiguchi, preface by Michel Deguy Éditions Caedere 2004. Antique observatoire, translated by Claude Mouchard and Masatsugu Ono, illustrations by Daniel Pommereulle, Collection R / Avant post, 2001. Translations into English
 Devil’s Wind: A Thousand Steps or More.Ed./trans. Brenda Barrows, Thomas Fitzsimmons. Oakland University Press, 1980. Osiris: The God of Stone. Tr. Hiroaki Satō. St. Andrew's Press, 1989."at the side (côtés) of poetry." Tr. Jeffrey Angles. Guernica, 5 Nov. 2012. "火・Fire: To Adonis...". Tr. Jordan A. Yamaji Smith.Poetry Review, Vol. 103. No. 2 (Summer 2013), pp. 60–61. ed. Forrest Gander.Alice, Iris, Red Horse: Selected Poems of Gozo Yoshimasu: a Book in and on Translation. Translated by Hiroaki Sato, Jeffrey Angles, Sawako Nakayasu, Jordan A. Yamaji Smith, Richard Arno, Auston Stewart, Eric Selland, Sayuri Okamoto & Derek Gromadzki. New Directions, 2016. References

"Professor <mask> Gozo Receives 50th Mainichi Art Award"
Lee Yew Leong and Sayuri Okamoto, "Naked Memos followed by a Q&A with the author Gozo <mask>"
Jeffrey Angles, "at the side (côtés) of poetry"
 Encyclopedia Larousse, "<mask> Gozo." Location One: Poetic Spectrum: Images, Objects and Words of Gozo Yoshimasu
The Columbia Anthology of Modern Japanese Literature: Volume 2 (eds. J. Thomas Rimer, Van C. Gessel). New York: Columbia, 2007. pp.742–4. Havens, Thomas R. H. Radicals and Realists in the Japanese Nonverbal Arts: The Avant Garde Rejection of Modernism. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2006. pp. 73, 132, 148. Japanese poets
1939 births
Writers from Tokyo
Japanese photographers
Japanese filmmakers
Living people
International Writing Program alumni

masks:
Gōzō Yoshimasu
Yoshimasu Go
Yoshimasu
Yoshimasu
Yoshimasu
Yoshimasu
Yoshimasu
Yoshimasu


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Charles William Gordon, or <mask>, (September 13, 1860 – October 31, 1937) was a Canadian novelist, using the <mask> pen name while maintaining his status as a church leader, first in the Presbyterian and later the United Church in Canada. Gordon was born in Glengarry County, Ontario, and was the son of Rev. Daniel Gordon (1822–1910) and Mary Robertson Gordon (d. 1890). His father was a Free Church of Scotland Missionary in Upper Canada. While at Knox College, Gordon was inspired by a lecture given by Superintendent Robertson about the challenges in the West, leading him to pursue his summer mission work there, and ultimately to spend his life on reform and mission work in Western Canada. Gordon's views were largely shaped by Robertson, who believed that the settlers' lax attitudes towards irregular church services and lukewarm spirituality could only be remedied by missionaries. Gordon felt called to be one of these missionaries and establish not only churches, but Christian social and moral reform in Western Canada.To this end, Gordon completed his theological training in Edinburgh, Scotland, where he was even further affirmed in his desire to bring the church to Western Canada. The theological atmosphere in Scotland during the 1870s and 1880s was increasingly liberal. This movement towards harmonizing traditional Christian doctrine with modern advancements, such as science and evolution, greatly appealed to Gordon. He became an influential proponent of social reform in the West, as well as for the union of the churches. The union, which resulted in the formation of the United Church of Canada in the 1920s, was a response to the increasing liberalization and secularization growing in prevalence especially in Canada. Gordon's views of Western Canada were intricately connected to his views of religion and Christianity. His social and reform work were rooted in his call to ministry and his desire to see Canada united both in faith and in Nation.The difficulties on the mission fields of the Canadian West were motivating factors for his fiction writing, and he successfully had many of his writings published and sold. Early life
Charles William Gordon was born in Glengarry county on September 13, 1860, the fourth son to Rev. Daniel and Mary (née Robertson) Gordon. Glengarry County was backwoods country, situated on the St. Lawrence River, and composed of Scottish immigrants. It was characterized by the Scottish virtues of religion, hard-work, and stern Calvinism, but seasoned with wry wit and a fiery love of theological debates. It was these theological debates that led to the division of the Presbyterian church. In 1843, dissenters in the established Presbyterian Church of Scotland (the Auld Kirk), seceded and formed the Free Church of Scotland.It was this new Free Church which upheld the goal to send missionaries to Canada. The dissension affected several Presbyterian congregations in Glengarry county, most prominently the Free Church congregation at Indian Lands (named for the original land tracts which were leased from St. Regis Mohawk Tribe), led by Rev. Daniel Gordon since 1853. Rev. Gordon had a reputation as a fiery Highland preacher who inspired both fear and awe with his sermons on sin and the final judgement. Daniel Gordon's passion was animated by his very strong belief in the spirit world, but his greatest passion was the "Love of the Cross." As Charles said of his own father, "Not one of all the great preachers I have known could ever thrill my soul as could my father when I was a little lad."A strict disciplinarian, Daniel Gordon ruled with respect and rarely had to resort to punishing his children. His frequent absences, however, as he traveled to other Parishes, meant that the duty of discipline fell to his wife, Mary. In his autobiography, Charles Gordon remembered that his mother's discipline was mild but never failed to fill him with remorse. For, after chastising, she would make her children kneel in prayer with her. As Gordon described, "no matter how filled with anger my heart might be, before the prayer was ended the love and grief in her voice and the tears in her eyes never failed to break me up." The Indian Lands church, where Charles was born, shared a building with an Auld Kirk congregation. Conflict eventually boiled over, causing the Auld Kirk congregation to lock the doors, barring Daniel Gordon's congregation out.In response, Daniel kicked the doors in and proceeded with his service. He was brought up on charges, though never convicted, and the Free Church congregation was forced to find a building of their own. Daniel Gordon, fiery as he was, also had a sense of humour and was both liked and respected. Charles Gordon drew much inspiration and virtue from his father for his strong yet loving personality and skill as a preacher. Mary Gordon came from a scholarly family and was granted the education that most girls were denied in this Victorian period. After completing her early education at Sherbrooke Young Ladies' Academy in Canada East, Mary went on to Mount Holyoke Ladies' Seminary in New England. She excelled in English, mathematics, and philosophy; so much so that she was invited to be principal at the young age of twenty-two.Although the position was a great honour, Mary ultimately decided not to accept the offer in favour of remaining at home in Sherbrooke. It was there that she later met and married the young Presbyterian minister Daniel Gordon. Education
Together, Mary and Daniel moved to Indian Lands, where Charles was born and raised. According to Keith Wilson, "The Christian warmth of his home, the surrounding forests of pine and balsams, the hard physical life of the settlers and the carefree gaiety of the youngsters were all integral parts of his education." His formal education began in the pine log schoolhouse at Athol. The schoolhouse itself represented the settlers of Canada West: sturdy yet poor. The education Charles received was strongly Scottish.The schoolmaster was both loved and feared, and always respected. It was during this time, as Charles grew into his love for learning, that the British colonies of North America were on their way to Confederation. Indian Lands was twenty-five miles from the nearest railway station. The community was isolated, and Charles had very little recollection of these political changes later in his life. In 1870, his father was called to Zorra in Oxford County, where the congregation was Highlander mixed with Lowland and English. This move brought Charles into proximity to more formal civilization, the village of Harrington being close by. It was here that Charles continued his elementary schooling, with an emphasis on preparing for admission into high school.Charles thrived under this new challenge and developed ambition in both scholarship and organized sports. Charles attended high school at St. Mary's in Harrington, Ontario. Because it was a ten-mile drive, he and his siblings had to board in town during the week, returning on Fridays for the weekend and the "steadying influence of home." Schooling at this time in Canada West was expensive, and Daniel Gordon could not afford to send his boys on his own salary. The boys thus hired themselves out during the summers to local farmers and were able to help pay their own way. As Wilson summarizes, "Determination and hard-work became characteristic of young Charles, and these qualities assured his success at St. Mary's Collegiate Institute where he first met the challenge of classical scholarship." It was here that Charles developed a fervent appreciation for language through his studies of Latin and Greek poetry.In 1879, he completed his High school degree with first class honours in English, mathematics, and classics, giving him a firm foundation for his university career at the University of Toronto. Like many other young men in the area, Gordon went to Toronto and received theological training at Knox College at the University of Toronto where he completed a B.A. and graduated with distinction in 1886. He then went on to study in Edinburgh, where he became deeply troubled by higher criticism and sought guidance from his mentors, A.B. Davidson, Marcus Dodds, Alexander Whyte, and Henry Drummond who all believed in a new attitude and views of the West. Religion and Ministerial Career
While attending the University of Toronto, Gordon was inspired by a lecture given by Reverend James Robertson, the Presbyterian superintendent of missions to Manitoba and the North West. His passionate discussion of missions to Canada West so caught Gordon's attention that he volunteered to spend the Spring and Summer of 1885 in a mission field in Manitoba.There, Gordon was set the task of organizing parish life for the settlers in the province created by Riel's last armed resistance. After the Summer, Gordon went back home to the East, but later returned West, answering what he perceived to be the call on his life to minister to Canada West. As author and historian, Christopher Dummitt has explained, "His future success was built on this decision." During this time, the church was undergoing significant upheaval due to controversies posed by scientific developments. The role of theology was called into question, specifically by Higher Criticism. While in Edinburgh, Gordon became greatly troubled by Higher Criticism teaching and sought counsel from his mentors A.B. Davidson, Marcus Dodds, Alexander Whyte, and especially Henry Drummond.What appealed to Gordon was that these men were able to find a balance between tradition and modern advancements, reconciling the conflicts the two seemed to pose. Scientific advancements and biblical criticism could be acknowledged without sacrificing what they saw to be the core of Christianity: the need for salvation and the preaching of personal conversion. Alexander Whyte, in particular, influenced Gordon's struggle with Higher Criticism by reminding him, "You are to be a minister, see that you feed your people. Never mind your theological, your scientific, your higher critical problems. Keep them for your study." Gordon was greatly assured by this appeal to the common people and was reaffirmed in his calling to "save souls" This "pragmatic Protestantism" was popular at the time in Canada West, where the focus on individual salvation was emphasized. Upon his return from Scotland, Gordon was ordained in a small service in June, 1890.He was then appointed missionary around what is now Banff, Alberta. He spent three years trying to reform and improve the lives of rough country miners, lumbermen, and ranchers. Gordon held to the Scottish emphasis on school and church as the means to making society more spiritual. He worked diligently in social reform measures, including advocating for improved living conditions on the work camps. Essential to this, Gordon believed, was the introduction of Temperance and the elimination of the vice of alcohol. Gordon retained an "optimistic belief in the possibility of individual salvation." In the mid 1890s, Gordon settled down in Winnipeg as Minister at St. Stephen's Parish.He continued to live out his missionary ideals through his novels, especially Black Rock (1898) and Sky Pilot (1900). Gordon viewed himself first and foremost as a minister, serving the spiritual needs of his congregation in Winnipeg, but also with a view to serving beyond this area to the entire province, and, indeed, the nation. He thus engaged himself in projects which would now be considered part of the social gospel movement. Gordon served on the Social Service Council of Manitoba as well as on the Social Service Committee of the Presbyterian Church of Canada. Through these, he continued to fight for temperance legislation, and continued to promote social reform that would help with poverty, health services, and immigration. At this time, the church was struggling with a decline in attendance and membership. Methodists and Presbyterians especially focused on this problem, as they viewed church growth to be integral to their sense of history.It was through progress and growth that these denominations were affirmed in their mission, and thus they felt it necessary to compete with an increasingly secular culture to reverse the trends of decline that they were seeing. Gordon was especially eager to do all he could to compete with secular culture by providing spiritual leisure activities. Churches began emphasizing a Christianity that was not only spiritual but also muscular, pointing to the necessity of strong bodies as well as souls. They thus engaged in sports and other leisure activities to bring young men especially into the church. Gordon did his part by providing novels that were both exciting and enjoyable to read and that also upheld strong moral principles. His preaching, too, was influenced by the desire to reach the common man. Thus, he spoke not in a dry, didactic manner, but with a narrative style that many found greatly appealing.Throughout his life, Gordon never swayed from his role as minister, while also writing, and serving in prominent public positions, such as moderator of the Presbyterian Church in 1922. He also served as a strong proponent for the union of the Presbyterian, Methodist

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 and Congregational churches which ultimately resulted in the creation of the United Church of Canada in 1925. Service in World War I
When the Great War broke out, Gordon was quick to enlist. He volunteered for service with the 43rd Cameron Highlanders as army chaplain at the age of 54. This experience greatly influenced his writing during these years, as he focused on the war cause, the soldier's lives, and the deaths he witnessed every day. His service also brought Gordon personal tragedy when his friend and mentor R.M. Thomson was killed in action.Views on Western Canada
While attending Knox College, Gordon reported in the school's monthly newspaper that "men's hearts grow harder when for a few years they are without the softening influence of the gospel; and the tone of morality is such that open vice makes no discord". By the mid-nineteenth century, Canada had reached a critical stage. Charles Gordon's impression of the religious situation in the Canadian West was strikingly similar to that of Superintendent Robertson and was inspired by him to apply his talents within Canada rather than take part in foreign mission work. Gordon later memorialized Dr. Robertson in his novel entitled The Superintendent. C.W. Gordon seemed to be particularly aware of the battle between church and secular culture and concluded that the battle to establish Christianity in the prairies would "have to be waged single-handedly by the missionary because settlers were not alarmed by irreligion and seemed uninterested in forming congregations". In addition, Gordon observed that worship services in the West were infrequent and found traditional forms of preaching and Bible study to be uninspiring.Immigrants viewed the West in the light of the expansionist campaign and challenged all the traditional premises and viewed the North West from a new perspective: the "Promised Land" in terms of agricultural potential rather than religious expansion. The potential of the "Promised Land" was accompanied by a number of insurmountable obstacles. The difficulties on the mission fields motivated Gordon's decision to write fiction as the changes he desired to make in the developing nation would become the focal point of his fictional narratives. However, the missionaries, such as Gordon, had found little beauty or romance in the wilderness as it was accompanied with heathens and 'Indians'. C.W. Gordon believed it was his role to help the immigrants flooding the Canadian West to be "good Christians and good Canadians". He optimistically believed in the possibility of individual salvation and notions of duty and sacrifice.The praise in response to his first fictional sketches encouraged Gordon to continue writing his religious-driven stories. Writing career
As a result of his dedication to his missionary tasks in Western Canada, Gordon began his literary career and wrote a fictionalized account of life in the northwest. Gordon used the '<mask>' pen name while maintaining his status as a Church leader. His early novels were set in the Western mission fields that Gordon became familiar with and the plot of his novels often followed a similar outline and his first stories were published in the Presbyterian weekly, The Westminster. The landscape and setting of his narratives was presented as a force which renewed and purified Christianity. In his novels, a missionary hero is often faced with tremendous difficulty in bringing Christianity to the wild frontier, and the men in particular posed a great challenge. This outline is evident in numerous novels such as Black Rock and The Sky Pilot.The missionary protagonist in his novels reflected the image of missionaries in the late-Victorian historical literature and were often described as being able to overcome hardship due to their dedication and unwavering faith. His protagonists also combated the harshness of the frontier by preaching the gospel and redemption. His early novels also highlighted important religious questions, such as the presence of a loving God and individual mortality, making such issues real and tangible. The drunkenness, violence and profanity present in his writing that was associated with the antagonists of his stories were portrayed as products of the western frontier and were not meant to be interpreted as alienation from God. As suggested by Dick Harrison, a Swedish Historian, <mask>'s novels are often romanticized versions of the Canadian West. His novel Corporal Cameron, for example, epitomizes the myth of the Canadian Mountie. The vision of the West rested firmly upon a British dominated society, and the North West Mounted Police represented an irresistible force stemming from an invincible culture.Cumulatively, <mask>'s writings on the West shift the tone of the frontier as his appeal lay not only in his clear and descriptive depictions of the Canadian West, but also in the religious and personal overtones. By writing novels, Gordon believed he was providing examples of sentimental as well as muscular Christianity and used his novels as tools to expand the Christian ministry to a wider audience. Gordon published his first novel, Black Rock, in 1898. While the book was moderately successful in Canada, his second novel, The Sky Pilot, gained him international attention in 1899 and the reputation of '<mask>' was officially launched. Gordon wrote his books in the early age of mass fiction. This period saw the regularization of copyright law and advances in printing and transportation. Several novels followed his 1899 publication such as Glengarry School Days and The Man from Glengarry ; The Superintendent ; The Prospector ; The Doctor ; and The Foreigner .The years between 1888 and 1914 were prolific for Gordon as an author and is evident in the publication and sales of his most important books. He continued to write until his death in 1937. His autobiography, Postscript to Adventure was penned in his final year and published posthumously in 1938. His books were not only popular in Canada, but also the United States, Britain, the English-speaking Commonwealth, and a great number of other countries. While <mask>'s audiences responded to the straightforward appeals for conversion and the presentation of the gospel in simple style, most critics have dismissed the Christianity in his novels as being oversimplified, and therefore not worthy of significant attention. Early criticism of his romantic view of the West presented in his novels stemmed from the experiences of other Western missionaries as they had felt "blocked and frustrated by the isolation, emptiness, and seeming permanence of the wilderness in which [they] worked". The harsh experiences faced by missionaries made it difficult for many to regard the Canadian West as an area that would spark religious revival.One missionary stressed the loneliness and lack of opportunity for nurturing a deeper faith. Other critics labelled  his novels to be "fictionalized sermons." Glenys Stow, summarized <mask> describing him as a "Didactic popular novelist; social activist; unconscious mythmaker; <mask> is a strange mixture as a writer. Little that he has written will last." Marriage and Family
The sudden death of Gordon's mother in 1890 was a life-altering event for Gordon. His mother, who had been such a strong and positive influence in his life, left him with a hole which he would not fill for some years. He met his wife, Helen King, while at college.He and his brother attended the church where her father, Dr. King, was minister during his college and university days in Toronto. Later, when Gordon had taken up the position offered to him in Winnipeg, he was reacquainted with Helen who had moved out West with her family when Dr. King was given the position of first principal of Manitoba College. They were married in Toronto in 1899. As Wilson has summarized, "With her strong convictions, efficiency and dedication, she was to prove a source of real strength to him." Together, they had one son (J. King Gordon) and six daughters. All of their children graduated from the University of Manitoba, continuing on the strong scholarly legacy of their parents.Despite Gordon's many duties, he remained close to his family at all times. Death
Gordon continued working right up until a few days before his death on October 31, 1937. His passion for preaching, ministering to spiritual needs, and serving social reform never abated. Legacy
Historians recognize Charles Gordon as being a "progressive" who believed in "centralized organization and unity of purpose". Gordon was honoured with a number of different degrees and awards. In 1919, he was awarded an honorary doctorate of divinity by the University of Glasgow; in 1937, the University of Manitoba awarded him an honorary L.L.D. He was also the recipient of the Order of St. Michael and St. George in 1935.The <mask> House is a heritage property designated as a National Historic Site of Canada in 2011, a Provincial Heritage Site and a Winnipeg Landmark Heritage Structure that was built in 1913-1914. Located on the Assiniboine River in gracious Armstrong's Point, this house was the home of Reverend Charles Gordon, wife Helen, and their seven children. The House was named after Charles Gordon's pen name and is currently owned by the Friends of The Ralph Connor House that has launched a 21st Century Campaign to ensure the legacy of the Gordon family continues. Their mission is to "preserve Ralph Connor House as a meeting place that keeps alive the spirit and legacies of Rev. Charles and Helen Gordon, their family and the University Women's Club of Winnipeg, and to continue service to the greater community". Their vision is to "be a centre and meeting place that fosters the work of people who are committed to education, social justice, healthy communities, human rights, music, art, literature and intellectual activity". The United Church in Canmore, Alberta, founded as a Presbyterian Church by Dr. Gordon in 1891, was renamed Ralph Connor Memorial United Church in 1942.The structure embodies the classical mission style of ecclesiastical architecture. It is one of the earliest Presbyterian churches built in Alberta and was constructed in the Carpenter Gothic architectural style. His grandchildren include journalist and humorist Charles Gordon and sportswriter and mystery novelist Alison Gordon. Publications
In 1972, the National Library of Canada released The Works of Ralph <mask> which listed some 43 titles as well as three books for which he wrote the introductions. His publications include:

 The Angel and the Star. Toronto, Revell, 1908
 The Arm of Gold. Toronto, McClelland and Stewart, 1932
 Beyond the Marshes.Toronto, Westminster, 1898
 Black Rock, a Tale of the Selkirks. Toronto, Westminster, 1898
 Breaking the Record. New York, Revell, 1904
 The Doctor, Revell, 1906
 The Foreigner, Hodder & Stoughton, 1909
 The Gaspards of Pine Croft, George H. Doran Company, 1923
 The Gay Crusader, Toronto, McClelland and Stewart, 1936
 The Girl from Glengarry, New York, Dodd, Mead & company, 1933
 Glengarry School Days, Grosset, 1902
 The Major, c. 1919
 The Man from Glengarry, 1901
 Postscript to Adventure, Farrar & Rinehart, inc., 1938
 The Prospector. New York, Revell, 1904
 The Rebel Loyalist, Dodd, 1935
 The Rock and the River, Dodd, Mead, 1931
 The Runner, Doubleday, Doran and Co. The Sky Pilot, 1899
 To Him That Hath, George H. Doran Company, 1921
 Torches through the Bush, Dodd, Mead, 1934

Filmography
The Heart of a Lion, directed by Frank Lloyd (1917, based on the novel The Doctor)
The Sky Pilot, directed by King Vidor (1921, based on the novel The Sky Pilot)
God's Crucible, directed by Henry MacRae (1921, based on the novel The Foreigner)
Cameron of the Royal Mounted, directed by Henry MacRae (1921, based on the story Corporal Cameron)
The Man from Glengarry, directed by Henry MacRae (1922, based on the novel The Man from Glengarry)
Glengarry School Days, directed by Henry MacRae (1923, based on the novel Glengarry School Days)

Further reading
John Lennox, Charles W. Gordon ("<mask>") and his Works, Toronto: ECW Press, 1989

Gordon, Charles W. Postscript to Adventure. New York: Ferris Printing Company, 1938. Dummitt, Chris.2013. "The 'Taint of Self': Reflections on <mask>, His Fans, and the Problem of Morality in Recent Canadian Historiography." Histoire sociale/Social History 46 (1): 63-90. Marshall, David Brian. Secularizing the Faith Canadian Protestant Clergy and the Crisis of Belief, 1850-1940. Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1992.Wilson, Keith. Manitobans in Profile: Charles William Gordon. Winnipeg: Peguis Publishers Limited, 1981. Notes

External links

 Ralph Connor Memorial United Church in Canmore, Alberta
 "Ralph Connor House" in Winnipeg, MB
 UNCG American Publishers' Trade Bindings: <mask>

Canadian people of Scottish descent
1860 births
1937 deaths
Canadian male novelists
Ministers of the United Church of Canada
University of Toronto alumni
Knox College (Illinois) alumni
Writers from Winnipeg
People from the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
Writers from Ontario
Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
19th-century Canadian novelists
20th-century Canadian novelists
20th-century Canadian male

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<mask> "O. D.<mask> (February 29, 1828 – December 10, 1924) was an American prospector, businessman, and politician. A four term member of the Arizona Territorial Legislature, he was active in the early history of Las Vegas, Nevada and the creation of Pah-Ute County, Arizona Territory. Early life
<mask> was born to John and Ann (McCleur<mask> near Mansfield in Richland County, Ohio on February 29, 1828. He was educated in public schools. Tradition holds he attended Oberlin College but there are no school records confirming this claim. His education did however provide him with a basic knowledge of Spanish and civil engineering. At the start of the California Gold Rush, <mask> took a ship from Baltimore, Maryland to California by way of Cape Horn, arriving in January 1850.Upon his arrival in San Francisco, Gass earned money unloading prefabricated shelters from a ship. The wages he earned from this job served as a grubstake as be went to El Dorado County to prospect. There he engaged in placer mining and developed a lifelong friendship with Fenton M. Slaughter. After a few years, and moderate success in their prospecting efforts, <mask> and Slaughter moved to the small town of Los Angeles. Gass joined the local Masonic lodge on December 30, 1854 and gained full privileges on November 22, 1855. His ability to speak Spanish and deal with different cultures resulted in <mask> being appointed Zanjero of Los Angeles (water steward) for a time. In addition to his official duties, <mask> continued his prospecting efforts.One such endeavour involved a tin deposit in the Temescal Mountains. At the time, the United States imported all its tin, making a tin mine a very lucrative possibility. Gass joined with Slaughter, <mask>, and several other investors in an attempt to purchase the Rancho Temescal (Serrano), on which the mineral deposit resided, but found that Abel Stearns  had already bought the ranch. A scramble for land and mineral rights soon developed as word of the find spread. Gass ended up with several valid claims but the 1860 United States Presidential Election and approach of the American Civil War dried up investor interest. Hopes for riches from the tin deposit soon faded as legal challenges tied up his interests for the next two decades. Los Vegas Rancho
From Southern California, Gass moved to the El Dorado Canyon, south of modern-day Boulder City, Nevada.He continued his prospecting activities, filing eighteen claims between March 16, 1862 and December 17, 1864. Poor results prompted him to move to the area near modern-day Las Vegas. During his explorations, <mask> discovered an outcropping of salt and spent early 1865 working the find. In late 1865, <mask> moved into the old Mormon fort at Las Vegas with Nathaniel Lewis and Lewis Cole. Originally built in 1855, the fort had been abandoned in 1857. Rights to the property were purchased from William Knapp. Knapp in turn had inherited the rights from his brother, Albert, who had been one of the original Mormon missionaries that built the fort.Gass initially owned  but by 1872 had bought out his partners and owned the entire  ranch. The name of the ranch was changed to Los Vegas Rancho to differentiate it from Las Vegas, New Mexico

The abandoned fort was in a state of general disrepair went <mask> moved in. He and his partners set about the process of repairing the property and turning it into a way station for travelers using the Old Spanish Trail. <mask> and his partners began raising cattle and horses. The fields were planted initially with barley, oats, and wheat with a variety of vegetables and melons added by the second harvest. Orchards were added to produce apples, apricots, figs, and peaches. To all this Gass added  of Mexican pink beans.The local Paiute, used to mesquite beans, considered the pink beans a luxury and Gass used them in lieu of wages when he hired them to work the fields. Wine from the ranch's vineyard became popular with visiting travelers. Gass became a financial backer for the nearby town of Callville, Arizona Territory  He envisioned the town as a river port which Mormon migrants, traveling up the Colorado River from the Gulf of California, would use on their way to Utah. Gass promoted the town in newspapers and served as the town's postmaster. Gass's dreams for the town never came to fruition as completion of the transcontinental railroad provided an easier means to reach Utah. The town's post office was closed on June 15, 1869. His position as a businessman and landowner provided Gass with political influence within northwestern Arizona Territory.He leveraged this influence and was elected in 1865 to represent Mohave County in the House of Representatives (lower house) of the 2nd Arizona Territorial Legislature. Upon his arrival in Prescott, <mask> discovered only nine other legislators had made the trip to the territorial capital and used the reduced numbers to his advantage. The result was passage of a bill that he drafted which created Pah-Ute County from northern Mohave County and established Callville as the county seat. Nevada
On May 5, 1866, much of Pah-Ute county, including the area around <mask>' Las Vegas Ranch was moved to Lincoln County, Nevada by the U.S. Congress. <mask> initially refused to accept the change and declined to pay Nevada taxes. He and his neighbors petitioned the Nevada legislature to create Las Vegas county from the southern section of Lincoln County, but their request was ignored. <mask> also joined with other Arizona politicians to twice complain to Congress about the boundary change.The boundary change became finalized in January 1867 when the Nevada Legislature unanimously accepted the new border. Despite living in Nevada, <mask> continued to represent Pah-Ute county in the Arizona Territorial Legislature for another 3 years. During the 1886 session, he became a member of the council (upper house). He chaired a joint committee on military and Indian affairs and served as the session's Spanish language translator. <mask> was elected President of the council during the 4th Arizona Territorial Legislature. During the 5th Arizona Territorial Legislature, <mask> represented both Mohave and Pah-Ute counties. To reach the new territorial capital in Tucson, <mask> and Andrew S. Gibbons rafted down the Colorado River.The two men chose this route to avoid Indian attack but instead hazarded several sets of rapids in their  boat. Upon reaching Yuma they were delayed because a stagecoach had been attacked by Indians, killing all aboard, and a replacement driver was not immediately available. The pair arrived at the session a week late but were able to entertain other legislators with tales of their journey. Shortly after the boundary change was finalized, Lincoln County began demanding two years of back taxes from their new residents. About 600 Mormon residents along the Muddy River refused to make the payment and instead abandoned their homes to move to Utah. The combination of taxes and the loss of 600 regular customers was a significant financial blow to Gass. In addition to the taxes, Gass needed money to deal continuing legal battles over the Temescal Tin Mine   Gass also saw a significant reduction in his political influence as the 600 composed much of his political base.He would later become Lincoln County Justice of the Peace but never regained his previous political sway. Gass married Mary Virginia Simpson, a niece of Ulysses S. Grant, on February 24, 1872 in Pioche, Nevada. He had met her when her caravan had stopped at his ranch in early 1871. Simpson was traveling with her sister and brother-in-law, Ann and Isaac Jennings, from Los Angeles to Arizona but had been stopped by high water on the Colorado River. Instead of continuing to Arizona, the Jennings bought some farmland near St. Thomas. For close to a year, Gass had made frequent trips to St. Thomas to court Simpson. Following their wedding, the couple had six children, including a set of twins.The  Spring ranch was added to Gass's holdings on January 22, 1878. While at the time he appeared to the world as a successful rancher, which  and 30 employees, Gass had a large level of debt. He was also beginning to worry about how he would provide an education and social opportunities to his children. As early as 1868, Gass began searching for someone interested in buying his ranch. In 1874 he mortgaged his property to William Knapp for $3,000. To pay off this debt he borrowed $5000 in gold from Archibald Stewart in August 1879. Gass had expected a good harvest that year but bad weather destroyed much of his crop.Gass received a 9-month extension but was still unable to pay his debt. As a result, Stewart foreclosed on May 2, 1881. Later life
Gass and his family left Las Vegas in June 1881 with their personal possessions and 1,500 head of cattle. They drove the cattle to Pomona, California and sold them to Richard Gird, who was looking for cattle to stock the Rancho Santa Ana del Chino. He then moved to near White Water, California where he tried growing grapes. Winds and lack of water thwarted his efforts however. Beginning in 1884, Gass joined several groups of prospectors exploring various locations in eastern San Bernardino County, California and Baja California.Shortly after 1900, <mask> joined his son Fenton in Bryn Mawr, California. There he helped with his son's orange orchard and tended a small garden. <mask> died in Bryn Mawr on December 10, 1924  He was buried at Redlands, California's Hillside Cemetery in the Masonic Plot. Gass Peak, the southernmost peak in the Las Vegas Range, and Gass Avenue, a street in Downtown Las Vegas were named in his honor. Notes

References

1828 births
1924 deaths
Members of the Arizona Territorial Legislature
People of the California Gold Rush
Arizona pioneers
Politicians from Las Vegas
Politicians from Mansfield, Ohio
People from Los Angeles
People from San Bernardino County, California
People from El Dorado County, California
People from Lincoln County, Nevada

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Octavius Decatur
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Gass
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David Sexton
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<mask> (born 1 September 1972) is an English professional football manager and former player who played as a right midfielder. He is currently the manager of Solihull Moors. <mask> was capped at Under-21 level by England. <mask> spent the majority of his career with Wimbledon, making his debut for them on 20 April 1991 at the age of 18 in a 2–1 away win over Aston Villa in the Football League First Division. He went on to make over 100 appearances for Watford before having spells at Cardiff City and Millwall. <mask> announced his retirement from professional football on 30 August 2007 after suffering a series of injuries. On the same day, <mask> announced that he would return to former club Cardiff City having been appointed manager of the Cardiff City Youth Academy.He was the manager of AFC Wimbledon from 10 October 2012 to 12 November 2018. He took over as manager of Notts County on 23 November 2018. Playing career

Wimbledon
<mask> was born in Epsom, Surrey. Signed by Wimbledon as a youngster, whilst at Carshalton Boys Sports College, he made his way through the youth set up until breaking into the first team. <mask> made eight league appearances for Wimbledon in the 1991–92 season, featuring more prominently in the 1992–93 campaign, in which he played in 26 games and scored four goals in the inaugural season of the FA Premier League as the Dons finished 12th. Wimbledon finished 6th in the FA Premier League in 1993–94, matching the record highest ranking achieved by the club during their first ever season in the top flight during 1986–87. <mask>'s contribution was more limited during this season, however, as he was selected to play in just 16 games.He scored just once in a 2–1 win over Sheffield Wednesday on 15 January 1994. He was in and out of the side for nearly a decade afterwards, remaining with the Dons after their relegation at the end of 1999–2000. Two more seasons followed as he unsuccessfully tried to help them regain their Premier League place, before he signed for Division One rivals Watford on a free transfer on 9 August 2002. By the time <mask> left the club in 2002 he had played a total of 245 league games for Wimbledon, scoring 18 goals. He was their longest serving player by the time of his departure. His best campaign was arguably the 1996–97 season, where he missed just four league games, helped the Dons reach the semi-finals of both the FA Cup and the Football League Cup, and oversaw an excellent season in the league where they were rarely out of the top five until having to settle for 8th place in the final table. Watford
Ardley played for the Hornets for three seasons, making appearances an FA Cup semi final in 2003 and a League Cup semi-final in 2005.Cardiff City
Ardley joined Cardiff City in March 2005, a day before the sacking of Watford manager Ray Lewington. He scored his first and only goal for Cardiff against Leicester City on 19 April 2005. Millwall
Ardley joined Millwall for the 2006–07 season, his last professional season. Managerial career

Cardiff City academy
<mask> announced his retirement from professional football on 30 August 2007 after a series of injuries. The same day he was appointed as manager of the Cardiff City academy. <mask> had started preparing for a manager's role at the early age of 24, when he took his first coaching badges before completing his training for the UEFA Pro coaching qualification in 2010. He impressed in the role by guiding several players through to the first-team squad, including highly rated pair Joe Ralls and Theo Wharton making the step-up.<mask> remained with the club for five years. AFC Wimbledon
<mask> was appointed as manager of Football League Two side AFC Wimbledon on 10 October 2012, with former Watford teammate Neil Cox being named as assistant manager on the same day. The final two man shortlist for the job was <mask> and former Wales international Rob Page. On 2 December 2012, <mask> managed AFC Wimbledon in their first ever meeting with MK Dons, the football club formed via his former side Wimbledon's relocation to Milton Keynes. An injury-time goal saw AFC Wimbledon lose 2–1. <mask> made additions to his squad during the January transfer window with Alan Bennett being the most notable. In March 2013, <mask> was nominated for Football League Two Manager of the Month following Wimbledon's unbeaten run.Despite this, Wimbledon were in 23rd place going into the last match of the season with only Aldershot Town below them, however a 2–1 win at home to mid table Fleetwood Town saw <mask> lead Wimbledon to safety instead, sending Barnet down. Remarkably, Wimbledon jumped 3 places and finished in 20th (53 points; -22 GD), despite having the worst goal difference in the league. For the start of his first full season in charge he added a number of new faces which included the likes of Charlie Sheringham. The 2013–14 season started off very brightly for the Dons beating Wycombe Wanderers, Scunthorpe United, Fleetwood Town and Burton Albion in their first four home matches leaving AFC Wimbledon sat in a Play-Off position in September. <mask> saw his side slip further down the league in the coming months which included a run of one win in eight leading into the New Year, however it still saw the Dons in a remarkably more comfortable position then when <mask> first took charge. Once again, Wimbledon finished comfortably in 20th place (53 points; -8 GD), which could have been 16th place had it not been for fielding an ineligible player. <mask> strengthened his squad during June and into July with the signing of Matt Tubbs, Adebayo Akinfenwa and James Shea amongst others.AFC Wimbledon's first preseason friendly of 2014–15 was against Margate which saw <mask> come up against his predecessor Terry Brown. The match finished with a 3–0 defeat for <mask>'s side. As the season began, <mask> put faith in his summer signings with James Shea replacing last season's number one Ross Worner. AFC Wimbledon began the season brightly with a draw at home to Shrewsbury Town which was succeeded by fine wins over Luton Town and Southend United both of which came away from home. The club's first defeat in the league came after his side squandered a 1–0 lead at home to Hartlepool United to lose 2–1. <mask> also managed AFC Wimbledon to their first ever victory against MK Dons on 7 October 2014. They met for the third time in the Football League Trophy with goals from Ade Azeez, Sean Rigg and Adebayo Akinfenwa securing a 3–2 win for the Dons.It would become the season of cup run after he led the club to the FA Cup Third Round after beating Wycombe Wanderers. The reward for reaching the Third Round for the first time in the newly formed club's history was a home game against Liverpool, which the Dons lost 2–1. <mask> underwent hip surgery in March 2015, leaving Neil Cox in charge for the 1–1 draw with Tranmere Rovers. Wimbledon finished in 15th place (58 points; -6 GD). The Dons steady progress over the previous 3 seasons was the base for an extremely successful 2015–16 season. Wimbledon finished in 7th place (75 points; +14 GD), the final Play-off position, thanks to new signing Lyle Taylor's 20 League goals. After <mask> had navigated the Dons through the Play-off Semi Finals against Accrington Stanley, <mask> achieved his first managerial trophy by beating Plymouth Argyle 2–0 in the League Two Play-off Final, promoting AFC Wimbledon to League One for the first time in its history.The 2016–17 season had the Dons finish respectably in 15th place (57 points; -3 GD) in its first season in League One, in part to Lyle Taylor and Tom Elliott's 10 and 9 League goals respectively. The 2017–18 season saw <mask> unable to follow up and build on the previous season. The Dons disappointed and battled relegation all season but managed to stay up with an 18th-place finish (53 points; -11 GD), due to Lyle Taylor's 14 League goals and a 7-game unbeaten run over April and May. <mask> managed an overhaul of the Dons first team throughout the 2018 summer, as a number of players left the club. The most high-profile was Lyle Taylor, who went on to be AFC Wimbledon's record Football League goal scorer with 44 goals, and the Dons' highest scorer during their Football League era with 55 goals in all competitions. The 2018 summer also saw <mask> become the 3rd longest serving manager in English League football. <mask> had more than six years in charge of the Dons.The 2018–19 season saw the Dons carry on its unbeaten run with an opening day win away (1-0) at Fleetwood Town and followed up with a home draw (0-0) against Coventry City. <mask> oversaw a 10-game unbeaten run thanks to an away win (2-1) against Portsmouth in the First Round of the League Cup. This was the first time the Dons had made it to the Second Round since being back in English League football. Following a run of 10 defeats in 12 Football League games, <mask> was appointed as manager of Notts County on 23 November 2018, assisted by Neil Cox, with whom he worked with at AFC Wimbledon. On his arrival, <mask> said "that the chance to manage Notts County is one I couldn't let pass." The 2018–19 season ended in disappointment for Notts County and Ardley as it saw the club relegated to the National League on the final day of the season for the first time in their history.County looked to bounce straight back to the Football League and win an immediate promotion in a season that was interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In June 2020, it was decided that the Play-Offs would go ahead with County finding themselves in third place when the table was determined on a points-per-game basis. County reached the final however were beaten 3–1 by Harrogate Town who were promoted to the Football League for the first time in their history. County also reached the semi-final of the FA Trophy, again falling to defeat to Harrogate Town in a delayed match that took place in September 2020. <mask> was sacked on 24 March 2021 with the club 14 points behind the league leaders, Sutton United. Solihull Moors
On 14 June 2021, <mask> was appointed manager of National League side Solihull Moors. After an impressive October that saw his side get four wins and two draws from six matches, <mask> was awarded the league's Manager of the Month award with his goalkeeper Ryan Boot getting the Player of the Month award, conceding only one goal in these matches.Managerial statistics

Honours

Wimbledon
League Two Play off Winner: 2015–16

Individual
League Two Manager of the Month:December 2014, April 2016
National League Manager of the Month: December 2019, January 2021, October 2021

References

External links

1972 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Epsom
Footballers from Surrey
English footballers
England under-21 international footballers
Association football midfielders
Wimbledon F.C. players
Watford F.C. players
Cardiff City F.C. players
Millwall F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
English football managers
Cardiff City F.C. non-playing staff
AFC Wimbledon managers
Notts County F.C. managers
Solihull Moors F.C.managers
English Football League managers
National League (English football) managers

masks:
Neal Christopher Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardleyrdley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley
Ardley


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<mask> (born January 11, 1988) is an American political advisor and real estate entrepreneur. <mask> is also a former reality television personality and an animal welfare advocate. He is the co-founder of Next Step Realty. Forbes listed <mask> in their annual 30 under 30 list, at the age of 23. In August 2015, <mask> began his role in ABC Family's docu-series Next Step Realty: NYC. In 2020, <mask> founded his own political consulting firm, The Brandt Group. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Manhattan, New York.He grew up in Palm Beach, Florida and attended Deerfield Academy in Massachusetts. <mask> completed his undergraduate education at the University of Richmond. Political engagement
A prominent ally of the Trump Administration, <mask> is a leading Republican strategist and top GOP fundraiser. <mask> served as the Florida Co-Chair for the Trump Victory Finance Committee 2020. <mask> has also served as an advisor to Lara Trump. <mask> has routinely weighed in on US-China relations, specifically as an advocate for a fundamental re-alignment or decoupling of economic ties. Real estate ventures
<mask>'s first job was working for Budweiser in the breakage (broken bottle re-assembly) room and while he studied at University of Richmond he also ran a laundry business.<mask> started working as a realtor after he was cut from a Wall Street internship at Lazard Ltd. He spent the summer  working for an independent Florida realtor named Christian Angle. At the time he noticed a number of age related problems with the role. During his time with Angle servicing luxury sales clients, <mask> thought about providing the luxury service he observed to “kids right out of college who aren’t there yet but might be in that category eventually”. After speaking to a number of friends about their realtor experiences in New York City, he noticed there could be an opportunity to assist young professionals in finding their first home in New York City. "My friends were college graduates not getting good service," <mask> told Business Insider. In 2010, as a response to this deficit, <mask> co-founded The Next Step Realty.<mask> and co-founder Belton Baker came up with the idea to provide an urban apartment-finding service to new graduates and wrote 35-page business plan overnight that resulted in $19,000 in venture capital from friends and family. Some of the first few weeks of the company's operation were carried out from <mask>'s University of Richmond dorm room. In July 2011, shortly after the foundation of the company, it was listed by CNN as one of the most promising dorm room startups. After the initial success of his company, <mask> acquired competitor Post Graduate Apartments in 2012. At 23, <mask> was included in the Forbes 30 under 30 list for his work in the real estate market. With a seed infusion of $100,000 from Nantucket & Palm Beach based angel investor Jason Briggs, <mask> moved to New York City in 2012 to turn his idea, then a website matching graduates with various approved realtors, into a full-service brokerage in the city. According to the Next Step Realty website, <mask> now serves as Non-Executive Chairman of the Board.Next Step Realty: NYC
In April 2015, it was announced that <mask> would appear in a new show focused on his firm Next Step Realty that would premiere on ABC Family, titled Next Step Realty: NYC. The show premiered on August 11, 2015. The show followed him and his employees as they build their real estate brokerage firm in NYC. The idea for show started through an employee of <mask>'s. "Truth be told, an intern of mine was at a family dinner which included some people from ABC Family", <mask> said in an interview. According to <mask>, the show is "a story about startups and entrepreneurs, but it’s also a story about young people graduating from college or people that are newcomers to New York City moving here, following their dreams, renting and what goes into that as well.". Executive Producer Danielle Rossen said of the show, "With this show, <mask> and his team are renting apartments, but selling the lifestyle."In light of the show, New York Daily News called <mask> "The new face of real estate reality TV." <mask> said “You hear about all these young companies but you never actually get to see how it all goes down every day behind the scenes.”

Animal welfare advocacy
On July 9, 2018, <mask> co-moderated a meeting in the Roosevelt Room of the White House West Wing, in which commercial dog breeders, animal welfare activists, officials from the Trump Administration, Rep Matt Gaetz (R-FL), Rep Lou Barletta (R-PA), Rep Brian Fitzpatrick (R-PA), First Family member Lara Trump, and other stakeholders met to discuss "raising the standards of care for dogs at large-scale commercial breeding operations", some of which are often to referred to by animal welfare activists as “puppy mills”. <mask> was described by The Humane Society of the United States as an “animal welfare advocate.”

In January 2019, The Humane Society of the United States announced that they would be presenting <mask> with the “Humane Leader Award”, alongside Lara Trump and Pam Bondi, for his efforts to end Greyhound racing in the State of Florida. On February 8, 2019 in Palm Beach, FL, <mask> was presented with the Humane Leader Award by The Humane Society of the United States for his “commitment to the protection of Greyhounds in Florida.”

<mask> received the award at a fundraiser which featured “GOP stars” and animal welfare advocates Lara Trump, Pam Bondi, and Matt Gaetz. The event was hosted by John Rakolta, who was nominated in May 2018 by President Donald Trump to be the next United States Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates. The purpose of the evening was to “thank <mask>, a Palm Beach resident,” and fundraise to “re-home the thousands of greyhounds that will be displaced...including medical care for injured dogs, training and transportation...”

According to The Palm Beach Post, <mask> “crafted and marshaled the campaign’s political and public relations strategy among a group of unlikely supporters: Republicans.” <mask> was also credited with "arranging media interviews with Lara Trump at Mar-a-Lago and urging sympathetic conservative lawmakers to write op-ed pieces for local newspapers.”

Those efforts “resulted in 69 percent of Florida voters approving a constitutional amendment ...that will phase out dog racing by 2020.”

On November 25, 2019, President Donald Trump signed into law the PACT ACT, the Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture (PACT) Act, which authorized the FBI and other federal law enforcement agencies to prosecute malicious animal cruelty. The Humane Society of the United States credited Brandt, alongside Lara Trump, with “championing this bill and helping to shepherd it into law."Animal Wellness Action reported that <mask> and Lara Trump had encouraged President Trump to "put a capstone on our nation’s legal framework against animal cruelty." Amidst the Coronavirus pandemic, <mask> advocated in the Washington Examiner on April 6, 2020 for the closures of Chinese wet markets and the dog and cat meat trade alongside voices including Lara Trump, Dr Anthony Fauci, Senator Lindsey Graham, and Kevin McCarthy. On April 8, 2020, The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture announced a plan to end dog and cat meat trade on May 8, 2020, citing public concern following COVID-19. Personal life
<mask> is the son of Laura Vitale and arts patron <mask> Levine. His father, <mask> Levine, a Princeton University graduate who became the first Chairman of the Dreyfoos School of the Arts, died in 2013. At the age of 16, <mask> negotiated his parent's divorce, saving his mother thousands in lawyer fees. <mask> began dating real estate agent Margit Weinberg,  which was showcased on Next Step Realty: NYC.In an interview with Sandy Kenyon, reflecting on the relationship being used as a storyline for the show, <mask> said "It's not easy. And I didn't want to originally" . <mask> & Weinberg married, and became parents to a son in December 2016. <mask>'s full-time residence is in Palm Beach, FL. References

External links
 TheNextStepRealty.com

1988 births
Living people
American real estate businesspeople
Deerfield Academy alumni
University of Richmond alumni

masks:
Blair Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
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Brandt
Brandt
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Brandt
Brandt
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Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Blair
Brandt
Brandt
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Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Laurence Brandt
Laurence Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt
Brandt


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Sir <mask> was a Baghdadi Jewish, naturalised British businessman and philanthropist who was both a leader and benefactor of the Jewish community in Singapore. Biography
Born in Baghdad and educated in Calcutta, <mask> came to Singapore in 1861 aged 15 and continued his English education in St Joseph's Institution. His maternal uncle Joseph Raphael Joshua had established himself in Singapore and was instrumental in bringing <mask> and his brothers Rubin and Elias to Singapore. In 1864, he returned to Calcutta to work with his uncle in business as well as to learn literary Hebrew and Arabic. There he became a book keepers apprentice assisting his maternal uncle's business. In 1867 aged 21 he ventured to Burma, then beyond British colonial rule, to establish business of his own. An adventurer, in his early years, <mask> was to travel across Egypt, Palestine, Iraq, Europe, India, China and Japan.<mask> returned to Singapore in 1873 and founded his own import-export business known as Meyer Brothers involved in the opium trade. The firm grew to dominate all trade with India, linked by the two then flourishing Baghdadi Jewish communities of Calcutta and Singapore. Raphael Sassoon, born in Aleppo, and another Jewish pioneer was his partner in the firm and later also jointly a trustee of Maghain Avoth Synagogue on the island. <mask> would become a major tycoon, philanthropist and was in his lifetime the recognized leader of the Baghdadi Jewish community of Singapore. Having initially built his fortune in opium he expanded into real estate and further his fortune in property in booming colonial settlement of Singapore after the trade was ceased. He was to build the first block of flats in the city. <mask> would both build and have in his possession of many of the most iconic buildings of the city such as Adelphi Hotel in Coleman Street and Seaview Hotel in Katong, giving his name to the road on which it stands – Meyer Boulevard.Not only was he one of the richest men in Singapore, at one point he was believed to own three-fourths of the island. Having established himself as a tycoon <mask> than turned to philanthropy. He gave generously to charity within and without his community. His works helped lay a foundation the strength of Singapore in elite education. He began by starting the Manasseh Meyer Trust that benefited educational institutions and was one of the major donors to Raffles College, now known as National University of Singapore, and one of the two institutions of tertiary learning that later formed the University of Malaya. Naturalized a British citizen, he was keen to display loyalty to the British Empire and be a public citizen. <mask> was a Municipal Commissioner from 1893 to 1900 and a member of the Currency Board.He also contributed generously from his fortune towards the war effort from 1915 to 1919. His greatest works were within the Jewish community where he was the Baghdadi Jews of Singapore's most generous benefactor. Jews responsible for erecting Singapore's two synagogues — Maghain Aboth Synagogue and Chesed-El Synagogue. Chesed-El, his personal favourite, was opened in 1905 for the use of his family and others Baghdadi Jewish families. Together with three other wealthy Jews, <mask> bought a large piece of land in Moulmein Road for $5,407.12 for the Jewish Cemetery. <mask> also bought the adjoining piece of land for $8,681.40 and, after reserving a plot for himself and his second wife, Rebecca, presented it to the community. His wife Rebecca died in 1915.Sir <mask> <mask> was created a Knight Bachelor on 1 March 1929 by the British for his generous contributions to society. He died on 1 July 1930 in Singapore. Judaism and Zionism
Though established in Singapore and born in Baghdad, he was part of the tightly knit transitional trade network of Baghdadi Jews in Asia united by language, family, trade and faith. However <mask> never lost his ties to the Middle East. <mask> remained closely tied to the Jewish religious establishment in Baghdad and underwrote the publication of one of the books of Rabbi Joseph Hayyim, known as the Ben Ish Hai, to whom he looked as his spiritual mentor. Inspired by the Ben Yish Hai's focus on supporting the growing Jewish community in Palestine, he became a committed Zionist. During his lifetime the proto-Zionism of the Baghdadi religious establishment such a shame the Ben Yish Hai was transferred into active support for the Zionist movement founded by Theodore Herzl.In 1900 he travelled to Jerusalem with his daughters to "inculcate them with a love of Zion." In 1922 <mask> became the founding president of the Singapore Zionist Organization. His home was known as a "beehive" of Zionist activity in Asia. In 1922 he hosted Albert Einstein as he travelled through the Baghdadi Jewish communities of Asia seeking financial support for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Comparing him to the ancient Greek ruler renowned for his wealth Albert Einstein described <mask> as such:

<mask> was to be one of the Hebrew University's major donors. He also supported a school and a synagogue for Baghdadi Jews in Palestine. A rabbi from Palestine would officiate to mark his funeral at the Chesed-El Synagogue.Legacy
<mask> <mask> was survived by three sons; twins Isaac and Jacob, and Reuben, and four daughters; Hannah, Rama, Rachel and Mozelle. After his death <mask>'s daughter Mozelle Nissim sponsored the creation of a school at Kfar Vitkin in then mandatory Palestine. <mask>'s legacy can still be felt in Singapore. The two synagogues continue to operate, providing the cornerstone of a thriving community. Meanwhile, Jewish educational institutions bearing his name remain to function. The Sir Manasseh <mask> International School, originally named the Ganenu Learning Centre, was renamed in his honour in 2008. It is a Jewish day school that caters to children from 18 months to grade 7.The Manasseh Meyer Building, which was constructed by Mayer in the 1920s, is currently part of the National University of Singapore's Bukit Timah campus. The building was gazetted as a national monument on 11 November 2009. See also
 History of the Jews in Singapore

References

Bibliography
Lee Geok Boi (2002), The Religious Monuments of Singapore, Landmark Books,

External links
The Jewish Community of Singapore
Sir <mask> <mask>

1846 births
1930 deaths
People of British Singapore
British Jews
British people of Iraqi-Jewish descent
People from Baghdad
Singaporean Jews
Singaporean people of Iraqi-Jewish descent

masks:
Manasseh Meyer
Manasseh Meyer
Manasseh
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Manasseh
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
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Meyer
Manasseh
Meyer
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Meyer


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<mask> (27 March 1884 in Lilienthal, Lower Saxony – 19 January 1979 in Göttingen) was a Lower German novelist and an educator. He was also a poet, best known for writing poetry as well such as ballad, lyric, and narratives. <mask> was born in Lilienthal, a suburb in Lower Saxony to a Low German family. He was the member for Nazi Party. He has written notable books with narration such as Frangula and Lucifer. He was active from the 1920s to 1950s. Life
<mask>, the first Volksschule teacher, was studying from 1921 to 1925 in German studies and art history.During the World War II in 1943, where he was working at the school services and he made his last active as a principal in Geismar and has been pensioned in 1944, free as a writer. Between 1933 and 1935, he was twice as a member of the Nazi Party and was in 1941, he became a subscriber of the Joseph Goebbels organisation Weimarer Dichtertreffen, by the National Socialist of the European Writers Union which has been founded. <mask> held on the meeting an network, in the he was one of the literature emigrants sharp attack. In the time of the National Socialism in Nazi Germany which he has been appointed as a doctorate of the University of Göttingen in 1944. In the quarter of Göttinger where has the place named after him calledMoritz-Jahn-Haus On 27 March 2014, the state of Göttingen celebrated his 130th birthday with a ceremony. In 1959, he was awarded for the Fritz Reuter Prize and Klaus Groth Prize. Career
His notable work was originally written in Lower German language, which he was written including lyric poetry, ballads, narratives and historical accounts, some of them in brief form and describes his poems with the impulse as an ambitious writer to devote himself to the Low German.His parts of work which it was also mainly located in the Lower German region, could be characterized as meditative or tragic, while other types like full of satirical elements. <mask>'s favourite theme is the life of nerds and their failure society, such as in gasketed and ballads collection featuring  Ulenspegel un Jan Dood (1933). His other well-known works are featured with narrative novels including Frangula (1933), the novella De Moorfro (1950) and Lucifer (1956). He published an important poetry collection Unkepunz, Ein deutsches Gesicht (1931) and Im weiten Land (1938). He died on 19 January 1979, at the age of 94. Further reading

in German
 Stellmacher, Dieter (Hrsg. ): Studien zu <mask> <mask>, Verlag C. Bösendahl Rinteln 1986 (= Name und Wort.Göttinger Arbeiten zur niederdeutschen Philologie, Bd. 8) -
Friedrich Ernst Peters:  "'''Ulenspegel un Jan Dood': Die Gestalt eines Dichters aus Niederdeutschland", in: ders., Im Dienst der Form. Gesammelte Aufsätze, Göttingen: Deuerlichsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1947, S. 49-59. UB Potsdam
 Blome, Hermann: "<mask> <mask>". In: D[eter] P. Meier-Lenz und Kurt Morawiecz (Hrsg. ): niedersachsen literarisch. Bio-bibliographische Daten, Fotos und Texte von 65 Autoren aus Niedersachsen.Bremerhaven: Wirtschaftsverlag NW GmbH 1978, S. 161-167
 Böger, Joachim: "<mask> <mask> – "poeta doctus" des Niederdeutschen". In: Niedersachsen. Zeitschrift für Heimat und Kultur 98/3 (1998). S. 138-139
 Eberhard Rohse:  "'Und dat in de Chasmersche Kantorije!' <mask> <mask> als Dichter in Geismar. Umrisse eines literarischen Porträts". In: Vera Lenz und Karl Semmelroggen (Hrsg.): 1055-2005. 950 Jahre Geismar. Geschichte und Geschichten. Duderstadt: Mecke Druck und Verlag 2005, S. 205-236,
 Rohse, Eberhard: "<mask> <mask> in seinen literarischen Werken". In: Eberhard Rohse, Dieter Stellmacher, Dirk Hinrichs, Karl Semmelroggen (Hrsg. ): August Hinrichs und <mask> <mask>. Ein literaturwissenschaftlicher Vergleich.1870–1970. Frankfurt a.M., Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien: Peter Lang. Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften 2011 (= Literatur - Sprache - Region, Bd. 8), S. 91-131 -
 Rohse, Eberhard: "Jenseits von Weltliteratur? <mask> <mask>s niederdeutsche Erzählung 'Luzifer'". In: Soltauer Schriften / Binneboom. Schriftenreihe der Freudenthal-Gesellschaft und des Heimatbundes Soltau.Bd. 22 (2016), S. 10-40 -
 Schrader, Hans-Jürgen: "<mask> <mask>s unkepunzialisches Denk- und Poesiemodell". In: Rohse/Stellmacher [...]: August Hinrichs und <mask> <mask>. [...]. Frankfurt a.M. [...] 2011, S. 133-164
 Stellmacher, Dieter: "August Hinrichs und <mask> <mask> in der niederdeutschen Literatur". In: Rohse/Stellmacher [...] August Hinrichs und <mask> <mask>. [...].Frankfurt a.M. [...] 2011, S. 165-175
 Heise, Klaus: Kennen Sie diesen <mask> <mask>? Ein Ausflug in das persönliche Umfeld des Dichters. In: Rohse/Stellmacher [...]: August Hinrichs und <mask> <mask>. [...]. Frankfurt a.M. [...] 2011, S. 19-38
 Strathmann, Peter: "Zur Figur des Ulenspiegel in <mask> <mask>s Gedichtzyklus 'Ulenspegel un Jan Dood'. Mit einer Nachschrift zur Aktualität der Rezeption". In: Eulenspiegel-Jahrbuch 48/49 (2008/2009), S. 103-120 -

 Works
 Die Geschichte von den Leuten an der Außenföhrde.Junge Generation Verlag, Berlin 1930Boleke Roleffs. Eine niederdeutsche Erzählung. Spielmeyer, Göttingen 1930
 Unkepunz. Ein deutsches Gesicht. Spielmeyer, Göttingen 1931
 Frangula oder Die himmlischen Weiber im Wald. Reclam, Leipzig 1933
 Ulenspegel un Jan Dood. Niederdeutsche Gedichte.Verlag Westphal, Lübeck 1933
 Im weiten Land. Erzählungen. Langen Müller, München 1938
 Die Gleichen. Langen Müller, München 1939
 Das Denkmal des Junggesellen. Eine harmlose Geschichte. Langen Müller, München 1942
 Moritz. Das Denkmal des Junggesellen.Eine harmlose Geschichte. Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1948
 De Moorfro. Verlag der Fehrs-Gilde, Hamburg 1950
 Luzifer''. Verlag der Fehrs-Gilde, Hamburg 1955

1884 births
1979 deaths
People from Osterholz
20th-century German novelists
Writers from Göttingen
German poets
German male novelists
German male poets
Nazi Party members
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
20th-century German male writers

masks:
Moritz Jahn
Jahn
Moritz Jahn
Jahn
Jahn
Moritz
Jahn
Moritz
Jahn
Moritz
Jahn
Moritz
Jahn
Moritz
Jahn
Moritz
Jahn
Moritz
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Jahn
Moritz
Jahn
Moritz
Jahn
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Jahn
Moritz
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<mask> is an American singer-songwriter from Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States. His first release, in 1995, was a cassette titled My Luck, My Love. He has since released six studio LPs; two live albums, a cover album (Recovered); three EPs; and an LP with The River Bends—a side project consisting of members of the Philadelphia-based alt-country band One Star Hotel. <mask>'s 2005 album, Are You a Dreamer?, produced by Don Peris of The Innocence Mission and featuring Sufjan Stevens, received acclaim, including positive reviews from Pitchfork Media and Entertainment Weekly. <mask> and Stevens appeared on Rosie Thomas's 2007 album These Friends of Mine, an album which included Rosie Thomas' version of Paper Doll, a track originally written and recorded by <mask>. <mask> toured with Rosie Thomas in support of that album in venues across the US and Europe. <mask>'s style has been described as "neo-folk."He has also been compared to 1970s-era singer-songerwriters, including Cat Stevens and Nick Drake. <mask>'s lyrics are poetic and thoughtful; his guitar work, while simple-sounding, relies on complex fingerpicking. Early life

<mask> <mask> was born and raised in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. He was raised Mennonite and attended Lancaster Mennonite School. His guitar teacher was Don Peris. Before becoming a full-time musician, <mask> worked in the greenhouse which his family owned. <mask>'s and all of his brothers' full names have the initials "DSW."Career

My Luck, My Love
<mask> released a cassette tape titled My Luck, My Love in 1995. The album was recorded as a project for an English class during <mask>'s senior year of high school. Only 250 copies were made, and the album was given to family and friends. Though My Luck, My Love is <mask>'s first release, he does not view it as his true debut but as the extension of a hobby. Safe Away
<mask> released his first album Safe Away in 1998. The album, produced by Don Peris, was first self-released by <mask>. He began playing shows in an effort to sell the one thousand copies produced.The album sold out, and indie label Burnt Toast Vinyl approached <mask>, asking to re-release it. Safe Away received a positive review from Allmusic: "<mask> proceeds through the setlist with the confidence and generosity of a seasoned songwriter, despite the journal-like candor of his lyrics." Of Joy and Sorrow
Of Joy & Sorrow was released in 2001. <mask> attempted to make the album more accessible and straightforward than his first: "I feel a little bit more tangible, I feel a little less obscure. It's not another record about breaking up with someone. It's not another record about losing that one particular person." Concerning the album's influences, he noted, "I was listening to a lot of ‘70s singer/songwriter stuff like Jackson Brown and Carol King and Neil Young and Van Morrison and I was going for a little bit of that style."The title Of Joy & Sorrow comes from The Prophet by Khalil Gibran: "Then a woman said, Speak to us of Joy and Sorrow. And he answered: [...] Some of you say, 'Joy is greater than sorrow,' and others say, 'Nay, sorrow is the greater.' But I say unto you, they are inseparable. Together they come, and when one sits alone with you at your board, remember that the other is asleep upon your bed. Verily you are suspended like scales between your sorrow and your joy." <mask> stated, "I want to experience every emotion as fully as possible. [...] Sorrow has encouraged me to never take my joy for granted."Philadelphia Songs
<mask> released his third album, Philadelphia Songs, in 2002. The album was influenced by <mask>'s experience moving from a small town to a big city for the first time. <mask> had a difficult time adjusting to having most of his time taken up by an office job and losing inspiration, and the album was about the ups and downs of young adult life and. Whereas Safe Away was guitar and vocals and Of Joy & Sorrow was more orchestrated, <mask> stated that Philadelphia Songs strikes a balance between his first two albums: “I just feel like I accomplished something that I’ve been trying to accomplish for a while.”

The album was produced by Blake Wescott and features instrumental work by The Six Parts Seven. Recovered
<mask> released a covers album titled Recovered in 2003. Are You a Dreamer? <mask>'s fifth album, Are You a Dreamer?, was released in 2005.It was produced by Don Peris who, along with Karen Peris, contributed instrumental and vocal work. Are You a Dreamer? received a B+ review score from Entertainment Weekly: “His brand of happy anachronism is easy enough to fall into — if you can slow down long enough to enjoy it.”

In 2006, The Militia Group label re-issued his first album Safe Away as a special two-disc edition with new artwork and a bonus EP. On his 30th birthday in November 2006, <mask> began offering 30 of his songs (and 3 "bonus" songs) for free on a website called Happy Birthday Denison. They were new acoustic renditions of previously released songs, covers, and new offerings. <mask> intended to offer a new free song every year on his birthday. However, the website (previously located at happybirthdaydenison.com) is now down.Happy Birthday Denison served as a fundraiser for Partners in Health and Musicians On Call, though no donations were required to download the songs. Carry the Weight
<mask> released Carry the Weight in 2008. Produced at London Bridge Studios in Seattle, the album was <mask>'s attempt at a "real studio album." Carry the Weight features James McAlister and Rosie Thomas on most songs, and Noah Harris. The Ones Who Wait
The Ones Who Wait was first available in 2011 under the Mono Vs Stereo label. It received a wider release in 2012 after <mask> signed with Asthmatic Kitty Records. In <mask>'s own words, the album is about "patience and reverence.Being mindful and open to what you’re experiencing. A desire to take hold of what’s happening in your life, yet trusting the mystery of it enough to let go and participate rather than dictate." The album grew from an EP to a full-length album, described by <mask> as an "accidental record." It was influenced by landmarks in <mask>'s life, including his marriage, his father's death, and his first child's birth. CJ Camerieri, Devin Greenwood, James McAlister, Charles Staub, and Rosie Thomas contributed to The Ones Who Wait. Discography

References

External links
 Official Website
 Official Twitter
 Official Myspace
 2001 show announcement
 [ AMG Biography]
 Discogs.com Discography Page
 Full Review of 'Carry The Weight'

American male singer-songwriters
Musicians from Philadelphia
Living people
Musicians from Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Year of birth missing (living people)
Singer-songwriters from Pennsylvania
Asthmatic Kitty artists

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