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is one of the most renowned Japanese photographers of the 20th century. He is most celebrated as a photojournalist, though he may have been most prolific as a photographer of Buddhist temples and statuary. Biography
<mask> was born in Sakata, Yamagata Prefecture, and, as a young man, was deeply influenced by the philosophical writings of Tetsuro Watsuji. He studied law at Nihon University, but was expelled from the school due to his participation in radical politics. He moved from painting to portrait photography, and obtained a position with Kotaro Miyauchi Photo Studio in 1933. In 1935 he joined Nippon Kōbō to work on its magazine Nippon. Four years later he moved to Kokusai Bunka Shinkōkai, a national propaganda organization; like Ihei Kimura and many other notable Japanese photographers, he helped the war effort.With the end of the war, <mask> became independent and documented the aftermath of the war, focusing on society and the lives of ordinary people. He became known as a proponent of realism in photography, which he described as, "an absolute snapshot that is absolutely not dramatic." He was a prolific contributor to photographic magazines, revived or started afresh through the early 1950s. With Kimura, Hiroshi Hamaya and others, he rejected posed and other artful photographs; in his polemics in the photographic magazines, <mask> was the most forceful exponent of this view. He famously defined his goal as "the direct connection between camera and motif." Among <mask>'s most powerful images are those taken in the first decade or so after the war, particularly those of the survivors of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, the life and particularly the children in a poor coal-mining community in Chikuhō, Kyūshū), and the improvised play of children in Kōtō, Tokyo. In 1958 <mask> was awarded the Mainichi Photography Award and the Photographer of the Year Award from the Japan Photo Critics Association.He was given the Award of Arts award from the Ministry of Education in 1959 and the Japan Journalist's Congress Award in 1960. <mask> suffered strokes in 1960 and 1968, which eventually prevented him from holding a camera and confined him to a wheelchair. This did not deter him from photography, and in documenting the traditional culture of Japan. He traveled energetically around the country, photographing its Buddhist temples in what would become an imposing series of luxuriously produced books. In 1963 he began work on the major work of his life, Koji junrei (1963–1975). Concerning his photographs of Japan's traditional culture, <mask> wrote, "I am involved with the social realities of today, at the same time that I am involved with the traditions and classical culture of Nara and Kyoto, and these two involvements are linked by their common search for the point in which they are related to the fate of the people, the anger, the sadness, the joys of the Japanese people." <mask>'s method of photographing these temples was to stay at the location for a time before taking the first photo.He would then begin photographing based not on a systematic, scholarly approach to the subject, but based on how his feelings towards the subjects moved him to record them. Domon prefaced the first volume of Koji Junrei with, "This is thus intended as a beloved book, a book which allows the individual Japanese to reconfirm the culture, the people which formed them." In 1976 <mask> was completely incapacitated by a third stroke, and he died in Tokyo on 15 September 1990. In 1981 Mainichi Newspapers established the annual Domon Ken Award in celebration of the 110th birthday of the Mainichi Shimbun; two years later, the Domon Ken Photography Museum was opened in Sakata. Books by Domon

Nihon no chōkoku (日本の彫刻). Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1952. 2.Asuka jidai (飛鳥時代). 5. Heian jidai (平安時代). Fūbō (風貌). Tokyo: Ars, 1953. Murōji (室生寺). Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1955.The Muro-ji, an eighth century Japanese temple: Its art and history. Tokyo: Bijutsu Shuppansha, c. 1954. Text by Roy Andrew Miller. With 渡辺勉. Gendai geijutsu kōza (現代芸術講座 写真). 1956. Murōji (室生寺).Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1957. Domon Ken sakuhinshū (土門拳作品集). Gendai Nihon shashin zenshū 2. 創元社, 1958. Hiroshima (ヒロシマ) / Hiroshima. 研光社, 1958. Chūsonji (中尊寺).Nihon no Tera 4. Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1959. Saihōji, Ryūanji (西芳寺・竜安寺). Nihon no tera 10. Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1959. Chikuhō no kodomotachi: <mask> shashinshū (筑豊のこどもたち：土門拳写真集). Patoria Shoten, 1960.築地書館, 1977. Chikuhō no kodomotachi: <mask> shashinshū. Zoku: Rumie-chan ha otōsan ga shinda (筑豊のこどもたち：土門拳写真集 続　るみえちゃんはお父さんが死んだ). Patoria Shoten, 1960. Hōryūji (法隆寺). Nihon no Tera 6. Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1961.Murōji (室生寺). Nihon no Tera 13. Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1961. Kyōto (京都). Nihon no Tera. Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1961. Nara (奈良).Nihon no Tera. Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1961. Masterpieces of Japanese sculpture Tokyo: Bijutsuhuppansha; Rutland, Vt.: Tuttle, 1961. Text by J. E. Kidder. Kasuga (春日). Nihon no Yashiro 4. Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1962.Koji junrei (古寺巡礼). 5 vols. Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1963–75. International edition (with English texts added to the Japanese): A Pilgrimage to Ancient Temples. Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1980. Tōji: Daishinomitera (東寺: 大師のみてら). Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1965.Shigaraki Ōtsubo (信楽大壷). Tokyo: Chūnichi Shinbun Shuppankyoku, 1965. Sōfū; his boundless world of flowers and form. Tokyo: Kodansha International, 1966. Text by Teshigahara Sōfu. Nihonjin no genzō (日本人の原像). Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1966.Yakushiji (薬師寺). Tokyo: Mainichi Shinbunsha, 1971. Bunraku (文楽). Kyoto: Shinshindō, 1972. Tōdaiji (東大寺). Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1973. Nihon meishōden (日本名匠伝).Kyoto: Shinshindō, 1974. Portraits of the famous, mostly in color. Koyō henreki (古窯遍歴). Tokyo: Yarai Shoin, 1974. Shinu koto to ikiru koto (死ぬことと生きること). 築地書館, 1974. Watakushi no bigaku (私の美学, My aesthetics).Kyoto: Shinshindō, 1975. Domon photographs Japanese arts and architecture (in both black and white and color), and writes commentary on these. Nihon no bi (日本の美). Nishinomiya: Itō Hamu Eiyō Shokuhin, 1978. Shashin hihyō (写真批評). Daviddosha, 1978. Nyoninkōya Murōji (女人高野室生寺).Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1978. Fūkei (風景). Tokyo: Yarai Shoin, 1976. Popular edition, Tokyo: Yarai Shoin, 1978. Gendai chōkoku: Chōkoku no Mori Bijutsukan korekushon (現代彫刻: 彫刻の森美術館コレクション) / Sculptures modernes: Collection de The  Hakone Open-air Museum. Tokyo: Sankei Shinbunsha,

masks:
Domon
Domon
Domon
Domon
Domon
Domon
Domon
Domon
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Ken Domon
Ken Domon


text_chunks:
 1979. With some French as well as Japanese text.Shashin zuihitsu (写真随筆). Tokyo: Daviddosha, 1979. Domon Ken Nihon no Chōkoku(土門拳日本の彫刻). Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha. 1. Asuka, Nara (飛鳥・奈良). 1979.2. Heian zenki (平安前期). 1980. 3. Heian kōki, Kamakura (平安後期・鎌倉). 1980. Domon <mask>: Sono shūi no shōgen (土門拳：その周囲の証言).Tokyo: Asahi Sonorama, 1980. Nihon no bien (日本の美艶). Gendai Nihon Shashin Zenshū 7. Tokyo: Shūeisha, 1980. Domon Ken Nihon no kotōji: Tanba, Imari, Karatsu, Eshino, Oribe, Tokoname, Atsumi, Shigaraki, Kutani, Bizen (土門拳日本の古陶磁：丹波・伊万里・唐津・絵志野・織部・常滑・渥美・信楽・九谷・備前). Tokyo: Bijutsushuppansha, 1981. Domon <mask> (土門拳).Shōwa Shashin Zenshigoto 5. Tokyo: Asahi Shuppansha, 1982. A survey of <mask>'s work. Domon Ken zenshū (土門拳全集). Tokyo: Shōgakukan. 1. Koji junrei 1 Yamato-hen jō (古寺巡礼 1 大和篇 上).1983. .
2. Koji junrei 2 Yamato-hen ge (古寺巡礼 2 大和篇 下). 1984. .
3. Koji junrei 3 Kyōto-hen (京都篇). .
4. Koji junrei 4 Zenkoku-hen (古寺巡礼 4 全国篇). 1984. .
5. Nyonin Kōya Muroji (女人高野室生寺).1984. .
6. Bunraku (文楽). 1985. .
7. Dentō no katachi (伝統のかたち). 1984. .
8. Nihon no fūkei (日本の風景). 1984. .
9.Fūbō (風貌). 1984. .
10. Hiroshima (ヒロシマ). 1985. .
11. Chikuhō no kodomotachi (筑豊のこどもたち). 1985. .
12. Kessakusen jō (傑作選 上).1985. .
13. Kessakusen ge (傑作選 下). 1985. .
Domon Ken no koji junrei (土門拳の古寺巡礼). Tokyo: Shōgakukan, 1989–90. 1. Yamato 1 (大和1). 1989. .
2.Yamato 2 (大和2). 1990. .
3. Kyōto 1. (京都1). 1989. .
4. Kyōto 2. (京都2).1990. .
5. Murōji (室生寺). 1990. .
Bessatsu 1. Higashi Nihon (東日本). 1990. .
Bessatsu 2. Nishi Nihon (西日本). 1990. .
Domon Ken Nihon no butsuzō (土門拳日本の仏像).Tokyo: Shōgakukan, 1992. .
Murōji (室生寺). Nihon Meikenchiku Shashinsenshū 1. Tokyo: Shinchōsha, 1992. .
Domon Ken no Shōwa (土門拳の昭和). Tokyo: Shōgakukan, 1995. 1. Fūbō (風貌). .
2. Kodomotachi (こどもたち). .
3.Nihon no fūkei (日本の風景). .
4. Dokyumento Nihon 1935–1967 (ドキュメント日本 1935–1967). .
5. Nihon no butsuzō (日本の仏像). .
Koji junrei (古寺巡礼). Tokyo: Mainichi Shinbunsha, c1995. Domon Ken Koji Junrei (土門拳古寺巡礼). Tokyo: Bijutsu Shuppansha, 1996. .
Shashin to jinsei: Domon Ken esseishū (写真と人生：土門拳エッセイ集). Dōjidai Raiburarī.Tokyo: Iwanami, 1997. Domon <mask> (土門拳). Nihon no Shashinka. Tokyo: Iwanami, 1998. .
Koji junrei (古寺巡礼). Tokyo: Shōgakukan, 1998. .
風貌 愛蔵版 Tokyo: Shōgakukan, 1999. .
Domon Ken kottō no bigaku (土門拳骨董の美学). Korona Bukkusu 69. Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1999. .
Domon Ken no tsutaetakatta Nihon (土門拳の伝えたかった日本) Tokyo: Mainichi Shuppansha, 2000. .
Domon Ken Nihon no chōkoku (土門拳日本の彫刻 Tokyo: Mainichi Shinbunsha, c2000.Exhibition catalogue. <mask> (拳眼). Tokyo: Sekai Bunkasha, 2001. .
<mask> (拳心). Tokyo: Sekai Bunkasha, 2001. .
<mask> (拳魂). Tokyo: Sekai Bunkasha, 2002. .
逆白波のひと・土門拳の生涯 / 佐高信∥ Āto Serekushon. Tokyo: Shōgakukan, 2003. Domon Ken tsuyoku utsukushii mono: Nihon bitanbō (土門拳強く美しいもの：日本美探訪) Shōgakukan Bunko.Tokyo: Shōgakukan, 2003. .

Books with works by Domon

Association to Establish the Japan Peace Museum, ed. Ginza to sensō (銀座と戦争) / Ginza and the War. Tokyo: Atelier for Peace, 1986. . Domon is one of ten photographers — the others are Shigeo Hayashi, Tadahiko Hayashi, Kōyō Ishikawa, Kōyō Kageyama, Shunkichi Kikuchi, Ihei Kimura, Kōji Morooka, Minoru Ōki, and Maki Sekiguchi — who provide 340 photographs for this well-illustrated and large photographic history of Ginza from 1937 to 1947. Captions and text in both Japanese and English. (Joint work) Bunshi no shōzō hyakujūnin (文士の肖像一一〇人, Portraits of 110 literati). Tokyo: Asahi Shinbunsha, 1990. . Domon is one of five photographers — the others are Shōtarō Akiyama, Hiroshi Hamaya, Ihei Kimura and Tadahiko Hayashi. Kaku: Hangenki (核：半減期) / The Half Life of Awareness: Photographs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.Tokyo: Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography, 1995. Exhibition catalogue; captions and text in both Japanese and English. There are 12 pages of photographs taken by Domon in 1957 and 1967 of Hiroshima, particularly of medical treatment; (other works are by Toshio Fukada, Kikujirō Fukushima, Shigeo Hayashi, <mask> Ishiguro, Shunkichi Kikuchi, Mitsugi Kishida, Eiichi Matsumoto, Yoshito Matsushige, Shōmei Tōmatsu, Hiromi Tsuchida and Yōsuke Yamahata). Text and captions in both Japanese and English. Mishima Yasushi (三島靖). Kimura Ihee to Domon Ken: Shashin to sono shōgai (木村伊兵衛と土門拳：写真とその生涯, Ihei Kimura and <mask>: Photography and biography). Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1995. .Reprint. Heibonsha Library. Tokyo: Heibonsha, 2004. .
Dokyumentarī no jidai: Natori Yōnosuke, Kimura Ihee, <mask> <mask>, Miki Jun no shashin kara (ドキュメンタリーの時代：名取洋之助・木村伊兵衛・土門 拳・三木淳の写真から) / The Documentary Age: Photographs by Natori Younosuke, Kimura Ihei, <mask> <mask>, and Miki Jun. Tokyo: Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography, 2001. An exhibition catalogue. Captions in both Japanese and English, other text in Japanese only. Hiraki, Osamu, and Keiichi Takeuchi.Japan, a Self-Portrait: Photographs 1945–1964. Paris: Flammarion, 2004. . <mask> is one of eleven photographers whose works appear in this large book (the others are Hiroshi Hamaya, Tadahiko Hayashi, Eikoh Hosoe, Yasuhiro Ishimoto, Kikuji Kawada, Ihei Kimura, Shigeichi Nagano, Ikkō Narahara, Takeyoshi Tanuma, and Shōmei Tōmatsu). Kindai shashin no umi no oya: Kimura Ihee to Domon <mask> (近代写真の生みの親：木村伊兵衛と土門拳) / Kimura Ihei and Domon <mask>. Tokyo: Asahi Shinbunsha and Mainichi Shinbunsha, 2004. Catalogue of an exhibition. Sengo shashin / Saisei to tenkai (戦後写真・再生と展開) / Twelve Photographers in Japan, 1945–55. Yamaguchi: Yamaguchi Prefectural Museum of Art, 1990.Despite the alternative title in English, almost exclusively in Japanese (although each of the twelve has a potted chronology in English). Catalogue of an exhibition held at Yamaguchi Prefectural Museum of Art. Twenty of Domon's photographs of children in Tokyo appear on pp. 18–28. Szarkowski, John, and Shōji Yamagishi. New Japanese Photography. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1974.(hard),  (paper). Books on Domon

Satake Makoto (佐高信). Sakashiranami no hito: Domon Ken no shōgai (逆白波のひと・土門拳の生涯). Tokyo: Shōgakukan, 2003. .

Notes

External links

 Domon Ken Photography Museum in the Sakata municipal site
 Domon Ken Photography Museum requires Javascript and Flash
 Ono, Philbert. Domon Ken. Ono, Philbert. Review of Domon Ken no tsutaetakatta Nihon.English Website

Further reading

Japanese photojournalists
Portrait photographers
Street photographers
1909 births
1990 deaths
People from Yamagata Prefecture
Nihon University alumni
Recipients of the Medal with Purple

masks:
Ken
Ken
Domon
Ken
Kengan
Kenshin
Kenkon
Kenji
Ken Domon
Domon
Ken
Domon
Ken
Domon
Ken
Ken


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<mask> of Cyrene (; ; c. 435 – c. 356 BCE) was a hedonistic Greek philosopher and the founder of the Cyrenaic school of philosophy. He was a pupil of Socrates, but adopted a very different philosophical outlook, teaching that the goal of life was to seek pleasure by adapting circumstances to oneself and by maintaining proper control over both adversity and prosperity. His view that pleasure is the only good came to be called ethical hedonism. Despite having two sons, <mask> identified his daughter Arete as the "intellectual heiress" of his work. There are indications that <mask> was conflated with his grandson, <mask> the Younger. Life

<mask>, the son of Aritades, was born in Cyrene, Ancient Libya, c. 435 BCE. He came to Greece to be present at the Olympic games, where he asked Ischomachus about Socrates, and by his description was filled with so ardent a desire to see Socrates, that he went to Athens for the purpose, and remained with him almost up to the time of his execution in 399.Diodorus dates him to 366, which agrees very well with the facts known about him, and with the statement that Lais, the courtesan with whom he was intimate, was born in 421. Though a disciple of Socrates, <mask> wandered very far both in principle and practice from the teaching and example of his great master. He lived luxuriously, was happy to seek sensual gratification and the company of the notorious Lais. He also took money for his teaching, the first of Socrates'  disciples to do so and even told Socrates that he resided in a foreign land in order to escape the trouble of involving himself in the politics of his native city. He passed part of his life at the court of Dionysius I of Syracuse or Dionysius the Younger, and is also said to have been taken prisoner by Artaphernes, the satrap who drove the Spartans from Rhodes in 396. He appears, however, at last to have returned to Cyrene, and there he spent his old age. In Book VI of De architectura, Vitruvius describes Aristippus:
It is related of the Socratic philosopher Aristippus that, being shipwrecked and cast ashore on the coast of the Rhodians, he observed geometrical figures drawn thereon, and cried out to his companions: "Let us be of good cheer, for I see the traces of man."With that he made for the city of Rhodes, and went straight to the gymnasium. There he fell to discussing philosophical subjects, and presents were bestowed upon him, so that he could not only fit himself out, but could also provide those who accompanied him with clothing and all other necessaries of life. When his companions wished to return to their country, and asked him what message he wished them to carry home, he bade them say this: that children ought to be provided with property and resources of a kind that could swim with them even out of a shipwreck. Philosophy

The anecdotes which are told of Aristippus (there are many in Diogenes Laërtius) by no means give us the notion of a person who was the mere slave of his passions, but rather of one who took a pride in extracting enjoyment from all circumstances of every kind, and in controlling adversity and prosperity alike. They illustrate and confirm the two statements of Horace, that to observe the precepts of Aristippus is "to endeavour to adapt circumstances to myself, not myself to circumstances" and that, "every complexion of life, every station and circumstance sat gracefully upon him." Thus when reproached for his love of bodily indulgences, he answered, that "it is not abstinence from pleasures that is best, but mastery over them without ever being worsted". When Dionysius, provoked at some of his remarks, ordered him to take the lowest place at table, he said, "You wish to dignify the seat".His statement "wise people, even though all laws were abolished, would still lead the same life" is a quote sometimes, and erroneously, attributed to the comic poet Aristophanes. Whether <mask> was a prisoner to a satrap, grossly insulted and even spit upon by a tyrant, enjoying the pleasures of a banquet, or reviled for faithlessness to Socrates by his fellow-pupils, he maintained the same calm temper. He seemed insulting to Xenophon and Plato, as seen from the Memorabilia, where he maintains a discussion against Socrates in defense of voluptuous enjoyment, and from the Phaedo, where his absence at the death of Socrates, though he was only at Aegina, 200 stadia from Athens, is doubtless mentioned as a reproach. Aristotle, too, calls him a sophist, and notices a story of Plato's speaking to him, with rather undue vehemence, and of his replying with calmness. <mask> imparted his doctrine to his daughter Arete who, in turn, imparted it to her son, <mask> the Younger, who is said to have reduced it to a system. Although his dubious reputation has survived into modern times, his philosophy of ethical hedonism, as its name implies, was not entirely amoral. He admonished his students to never harm others, and cautioned that the pursuit of pleasure ought to be moderated by moral self-restraint.Works
None of <mask>'s works are extant. Diogenes Laërtius, on the authority of Sotion and Panaetius, gives a long list of books whose authorship is ascribed to <mask>, though he also states that according to Sosicrates of Rhodes, <mask> never wrote anything. Some letters attributed to him are forgeries. One work attributed to <mask> in ancient times was a scandalous book entitled On Ancient Luxury (or On the Luxury of the Ancients; ); although it has long been realized that this work could not have been written by <mask> of Cyrene, not least because the author mentions Theophrastus, who lived a generation after <mask>. The name may have been adopted by the writer to suggest a connection with the hedonistic philosopher. This work, judging by the quotations preserved by Diogenes Laërtius, was filled with spicy anecdotes about philosophers and their supposed taste for courtesans or boys. Thus the author supports his claims for Plato's various erotic relationships through his quotation of epigrams attributed to the philosopher, and makes an extreme allegation that Periander committed incest with his own mother.Notes

References

Attribution

Further reading

 Voula Tsouna, The Epistemology of the Cyrenaic School, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1998. Ugo Zilioli, The Cyrenaics, New York: Acumen / Routledge, 2012. External links

Cyrenaics Resource Handbook of Cyrenaic resources, primary and secondary, includes Aristippus
<mask> of Cyrene on Ancient History Encyclopedia

430s BC births
360s BC deaths
4th-century BC philosophers
Ancient Greek ethicists
Cyrenaic philosophers
Cyrenean Greeks
Founders of philosophical traditions
Metic philosophers in Classical Athens
Pupils of Socrates

masks: Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus Aristippus


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<mask> (born November 3, 1954) is a Chilean applied mathematician, engineer and scientist. He is the first Chilean scientist to be recognized by the French government with a distinction in the field of Exact and Natural Sciences. He was awarded with the Premio Nacional de Ciencias Exactas de Chile in 2004. Biography

Studies
<mask>  was born in the capital Santiago de Chile (Chile) on November 3, 1954. His primary and secondary education was undertaken at the Colegio Saint Gabriel’s English School where he majored in mathematics,

He attended the Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas de la Universidad de Chile at the University of Chile in 1973 obtaining the Ingeniero Civil Matemático in February 1977. That same year in 1978, he entered the Department of Mathematical Engineering of the Faculty as an assistant. In France

On October 6, 1978 he travelled to Paris, France, to seek a doctorate in Applied Mathematics.In Paris in the February 1981, he was contracted by the ' Centre National of the Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) of France, in a permanent position at the Laboratory of Numerical Analysis of the University of Paris. His work was published in the magazine Numerische Mathematik (Springer-Verlag), recognizing him internationally in his field. At the University of Paris in July 1985 his thesis entitled: ' ' Homogenization of the Equations of the Mechanics of Fluids, granted him the degree of ' ' Docteur d'Etat is Sciences Mathématiques. This work was published in the' ' Journal de Mathématiques Pures et the Appliqueés' ' (Gauthier-Villars/Elsevier), oldest of the specialized magazines in France, founded in 1836 by Joseph Liouville. Return to Chile
On 12 November 1987 he returned to Chile, where he began work on the National Project of Applied Mathematics at the University of Chile. In 1988 he was named Director of the Computer center of the University of Chile and the following year was chosen Director of the Department of Mathematical Civil Engineering, a position that he occupied until mid to late 1991. In this role he contributed decisively to the modernization of the education at the School of Engineering and created the Programs of Doctorate and Magíster in Applied Mathematics at the University.In 1996, he opened a new chapter with the creation and beginning of Program FONDAP of Applied Mathematics. In May 2000, <mask> and the Center for Mathematical Modeling (CMM), opened up new branches of investigation in diverse applied areas of his field of study including mean-atmosphere, inverse problems in climatology and oceanography, numerical simulation in fusion and copper conversion, mathematical models in physiology, etc. During 2001 this led to the creation of the Program of Doctorate in Hydrodynamics of the University of Chile. Between the period 1997-2002 <mask> was a Titular Member of the Commission of Academic Evaluation of the Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences of the University of Chile; and was president from 2001 to 2003. Seminars and conferences
<mask> has been invited to give classes and lectures at many prestigious schools internationally including Spain, Ecuador, France, Brazil and in other cities throughout his native Chile. He has been invited to dictate Plenary and Inaugural Conferences at various International Congresses of Mathematics such as at the  Italian-Latinoamerican Conference on Applied and Mathematics in Rome in 1998, at the 26th French National Congress on Numerical Analysis, at Ardèche later that year, the 4th World Congress on Computational Mechanics, Buenos Aires (1998), the 1st International Congress on Asymptotic Analysis of Average Heterogeneous Structures, St. Petersburg (2001), the 1st Latin America Congress of Mathematicians, in Rio de Janeiro (2000), the XVII ' National Spanish Congress on Differential Equations and Applications and VII Congress on Applied Mathematics, Salamanca, Spain (2001), and the 6th France-Chile and Latinoamerican Conference on Applied Mathematics, at Santiago (2002). He has also lectures in many universities, institutes and research centers in countries as wide ranging as Chile, Argentina, France, Spain, Russia, India,
Romania, United States, Portugal, Italy, Belgium.<mask> served as chairman and organizer of the 2nd Congress of Franco-Chilean and Latin American Applied Mathematics, in Santiago in December 1988. From 2002, he is the only Latin American mathematician named Member of the Publishing Committee of the noted scientific journal  "Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences", World Scientific Publishing Co Ltd., New York/London. Awards
<mask> was awarded the Manuel Noriega Moral prize in 1994, in the field of Exact Sciences. One is a recognition of Latin American character, granted by the Organization of American States. In 1996 he was awarded the prize Manuel Montt'', in the field of Exact Sciences, a distinction that was shared with Chilean biophysicist Dr Oscar González-Ferrán. The President of the Republic granted to him in 1996 a Presidential Chair in Sciences, which he was elected by a jury of international professors R. Marcus (Pasadena; President, Nobel prize de Qui'mica, 1991), D. Gross (Princeton), C. Milstein (Cambridge, U.K.), And Neher (Göttingen), P. Cartier (Paris). That same year in 1994 he received from the hands of the Director of the University of Chile, the Rectoral Medal.In France, by disposition of the Minister of Education, Investigation and Technology, on July 15, 1998, it was confirmed that a decision had been made by the University Councils of the University of Metz to confer the title Doctor Honoris Cause on him. The ceremony took place on November 26, 1998 in the François-Yves amphitheatre Him Moigne, of the Saulcy Campus of the University of Metz. As a result, <mask>became the first Chilean scientist in being recognized by the French Government with a distinction of this type in the area of Exact and Natural Sciences. Publications
Books published include:
Problèmes Mathèmatiques en Couplage Fluide-Structure, Eyrolles, Paris, 1993. Fluids and Periodic Structures, Masson, Paris, 1993; J.~Wiley, New York, 1995. Boundary layers in the homogenization of a spectral problem in fluid-solid structures, SIAM, J. Math.Anal. 1998, con G. Allaire. Bloch wave homogenization and spectral asymptotic analysis, J. Math. Pures et Appl. 1998, with G. Allaire. Bloch wave decomposition in the homogenization of periodically perforated media, Indiana Univ.Math. J. 1998, with D. Gómez, M. Lobo-Hidalgo, M.-E. Pérez. External links
<mask> en la Universidad de Chile
Reuna:<mask>ca

Chilean mathematicians
Chilean engineers
Chilean scientists
University of Chile alumni
1954 births
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<mask> (born October 30, 1945) is an American actor, comedian, author, executive producer, and director. Initially rising to fame as Arthur "Fonzie" Fonzarelli on the American television series Happy Days, <mask> has distinguished himself as  a character actor for roles such as Arthur Himbry in Scream, Coach Klein in Adam Sandler's The Waterboy, Barry Zuckerkorn in Arrested Development, Dr. Saperstein in Parks and Recreation, Eddie R. Lawson in Royal Pains, Fritz in Monsters at Work, Uncle Joe in The French Dispatch, and Gene Cousineau in Barry. He is the recipient of a number of accolades, including a Primetime Emmy, two Daytime Emmys, two Golden Globe Awards, and one Critics Choice Award. As a child, <mask> struggled at P.S. 87 on West 78th Street, Manhattan and the McBurney School, where he was berated for his poor academic performance. He then studied theater at both Emerson College and the Yale School of Drama, spent a year and half with the Yale Repertory Theater, did regional theater and commercial work, and appeared in two independent films. After saving enough money, he traveled to California in September 1973, and won a small role on The Mary Tyler Moore Show.He also auditioned for Happy Days and won the part of Arthur "Fonzie" Fonzarelli, a role he portrayed for the next ten years. During his time on Happy Days, <mask> was diagnosed as dyslexic. After the end of Happy Days, <mask> found himself typecast and moved into producing and directing. In this capacity, he was directly involved in the development of the original MacGyver and worked on programs such as  Sightings and The Hollywood Squares. He also directed the theatrical releases Memories of Me with Billy Crystal and Cop and a Half with Burt Reynolds. In 2003, he drew upon his childhood struggles with dyslexia to co-write the Hank Zipzer series of children's books with children's literature author Lin Oliver. <mask> also appeared as Mr. Rock in the BBC adaptation of the series.<mask> and Oliver next created the prequel series Here's Hank, the Ghost Buddy series, and the Alien Superstar series. In 2016, he became a reality television star on the NBC series, Better Late Than Never. <mask> has been honored both for his role as "The Fonz", and for his work with dyslexia through the Hank Zipzer series. In 1980, he donated one of Fonzie's leather jackets to the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. In 1981, he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and in 2008, The Bronze Fonz was unveiled along the Milwaukee Riverwalk. In 2011, he was appointed an Honorary Officer of the Order of the British Empire  by Queen Elizabeth, and was named one of the United Kingdom's Top 10 Literacy Heroes in 2013. Family history (1939–1945)

<mask>'s parents, Ilse Anna Marie (née Hadra) (1913-1999) and businessman Harry Irving <mask> (1905-1993), were German Jews who were living in Berlin during the rise of Nazi Germany.By 1939, his father knew that they were no longer safe and they had to leave Germany as a result. He thus arranged to take his wife on a six-week-long business trip to the United States. Although <mask>'s Uncle Helmut was supposed to join them, at the last minute he decided to leave at a later date, and was eventually taken away by the Nazis. <mask> later stated that, "at the time, my father, Harry, told my mother, Ilse, that they were traveling to the U.S. on a brief business trip. He knew they were never going back. Had he told my mother that they were leaving Germany for good, she might have insisted on remaining behind with her family. Many in their families who stayed perished during the Holocaust."Soon after he and his wife arrived in the United States, they settled in New York, and his father developed the same business (buying and selling wood) that he had in Germany. Almost 80 years after his parents had left Germany, <mask> returned to Berlin in 2018 and shared this story on a season 2 episode of Better Late Than Never. Early life and education (1945–1970)
<mask> <mask> was born on October 30, 1945, in the West Side of New York City's Manhattan borough. The "H" in his first name is a reference to his Uncle Helmut, while his middle name refers to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He has an older sister named Beatrice, and is a cousin of actor Richard Belzer. Although his family did not keep kosher, <mask> was raised in the traditions of Conservative Judaism. During his childhood, <mask> and his family spent their summers at Lake Mahopac, New York, and as a teenager, he was a water skiing instructor at Blue Mountain camps.While growing up, <mask> stated that he had a difficult relationship with his father who "wanted me to go into the family business, buying and selling wood. But the only wood I was interested in was Hollywood.” When his father grew frustrated with <mask>'s focus on acting, he would ask why he brought the business over from Germany to the United States. <mask> would respond: "Besides being chased by the Nazis, dad, was there a bigger reason than that?”

Difficulties in school
Although <mask> was  "outgoing" and "the class comedian" in school, he also lived in a state of "constant anxiety" over his struggles with schoolwork. As his father spoke 11 languages, could quickly do mathematics in his head, his parents "would not tolerate poor marks"  and were perpetually frustrated by his poor grades. They referred to <mask> as "dummer hund" (dumb dog) in German, and repeatedly punished him for his inability to excel in school. <mask> has described this time period as "excruciating...my self-image was almost nonexistent." <mask> first attended P.S.87 on West 78th Street, Manhattan, and then the McBurney School in Manhattan's Upper West Side. His consistently poor academic performance made it difficult to be involved in the theater, as he was "grounded most of my high school career," and was almost never academically eligible. However, he did manage to appear in two theatrical productions: Billy Budd when he was in the eighth grade, and Of Thee I Sing in the eleventh grade. Although <mask> graduated from the McBurney School in 1963, he was not allowed to attend graduation, as he had to repeat geometry for the fourth time during summer school. After finally passing the course, he received his diploma in the mail. Emerson College (1963-1967)
<mask> applied to 28 colleges, but was admitted to only two of them, one of which was Emerson College in Boston, which he joined in 1963. He majored in theater and minored in child psychology, as he considered becoming a child psychologist if he did not succeed as an actor.He was also a member of the Alpha Pi Theta fraternity, and appeared in Emerson's production of Peer Gynt (as Peer Gynt). <mask> later recalled that, "I nearly flunked out my first year [of Emerson], I almost flunked out my second year, but I was able to go for four years." He graduated in 1967, and in 1978, Emerson awarded him an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters  (DHL). Yale School of Drama (1967-1970)
During his senior year at Emerson, <mask> decided to audition for the  Yale School of Drama. Although his then-undiagnosed dyslexia led to him forgetting the Shakespearean monologue he was supposed to perform, forcing him to improvise, <mask> was still admitted to the M.F.A. program in 1967. He appeared in They Told Me That You Came This Way,  Any Day Now, Any Day Now,  and The Bacchae (as a member of the chorus).During the summers, he and his Yale classmates stayed in New Haven, and opened a summer stock theater called the New Haven Free Theater. They performed various plays including Woyzeck, where he portrayed the title role, and Just Add Water for improv night. He also performed in the political piece, The American Pig at the Joseph Papp Public Theater for the New York Shakespeare Festival in New York City, with classmates James Keach, James Naughton, and Jill Eikenberry. In addition, he also appeared in a number of Yale Repertory Theatre productions while still a student, including, The Government Inspector, The Rhesus Umbrella, Don Juan, Endgame (play), and The Physicists. He also appeared in Sweeney Agonistes and Hughie. <mask> would later credit his time at Yale as a critical to his future success, stating that he "used every morsel of what was given to me in drama, speech, dance, movement...when I did Happy Days, I used everything—the commedia dell’arte, the movement, the acting. We had teachers from the “poor theater” movement in Poland, which is about doing theater from nothing and speaking through your entire body as opposed to just your voice.I used that and all my movement training in the episode when Mork put a spell on the Fonz." Out of his original cohort of 25 actors at Yale, <mask> was one of 11 who  graduated when he received his MFA in 1970. Over two decades later in May 1996 he served as the Senior Class Day Speaker for Yale University's graduating seniors

Early career (1970-1973)

Yale Repertory Theater (1970–1972)
After receiving his MFA in 1970, <mask> was one of three students from his graduating class of 11 who were invited to become a part of the Yale Repertory Theatre company. He joined on June 30, 1970, was paid $173 a week, and appeared throughout the 1970-71 season. He performed in Story Theater Reportory, in Gimpel the Fool and in Saint Julian the Hospitaler and Olympian Games. He also appeared in The Revenger's Tragedy, Where Has Tommy Flowers Gone?, Macbeth, and Woyzeck and Play. He also performed in Two by Brecht and Weill: The Little Mahagonny and The Seven Deadly Sins during two different time periods, from May–June, 1971 and one from January 20–29, 1972.In the fall of 1971, <mask> was invited to be a part of the play Moonchildren which would open at the Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. Three weeks into rehearsals, the director  Alan Schneider fired him as <mask> had been hired to fill the space until the actor that Schneider really wanted was available. At the time, <mask> was certain that because he had been fired, he would never be hired as an actor again. New York (1972–1973)
<mask> moved back to New York, and began to audition for plays, movies, and commercials. However, he never had to work as a waiter because he was able to earn a living through performing in commercials. He was thus able to also perform with the Manhattan Theater Club for free. <mask>'s first appearance on Broadway was as "John" in 42 Seconds from Broadway, a play that opened and closed on March 11, 1973. He swore to himself that he one day he would "make that right."By 1973, he had roles in two independent films,The Lords of Flatbush (with then-unknown Sylvester Stallone), and Crazy Joe. He also performed with the improv group, Off the Wall New York. <mask> continued to feel anxiety, however, with the process of cold reading during auditions. He thus depended upon compensation strategies: "I improvised. I never read anything the way that it was written in my entire life. I would read it. I could instantly memorize a lot of it and then what I didn't know, I made up and threw caution to the wind and did it with conviction and sometimes I made them laugh and sometimes I got hired."Happy Days and additional roles (1973–1984)

In 1973, when <mask>'s agent told him that it was time to go to California, he initially resisted as he thought that he was not a fit for Hollywood. His agent was persistent, however, and <mask> decided that he had made enough money through his work in commercials that he could spend a month in Hollywood. <mask> traveled to Los Angeles on September 18, 1973 with his Lords of Flatbush co-star, Perry King. After meeting with his agency's west coast branch, and spending five days going to auditions, <mask> was hired for a small part on The Mary Tyler Moore Show, appearing in Season 4, Episode 10, "The Dinner Party." During his second week in Los Angeles, <mask> auditioned for the part of  Arthur Herbert Fonzarelli, better known as "Fonzie" or "The Fonz", on a new show called Happy Days. "The Fonz" was originally developed as the foil to the central protagonist of the series, the wholesome teenager Richie Cunningham (Ron Howard). <mask>, however, was not the first choice, as actors such as Micky Dolenz (of The Monkees) were originally considered.After an initial reading, <mask> was asked to return in costume, where, he later recalled, they plucked his "unibrow, combed my hair into a DA and put me in a white T-shirt and jeans." He then made the decision that he "would be the only one standing in the room. I changed my voice, and it just unlocked me, and I realized I am NOT a leading man. I am a character actor." He then said his six lines, threw his script in the air, and left the room as the only one still standing. <mask> was offered the role of Arthur Herbert Fonzarelli on his birthday October 30, 1973, which he said he would accept if they would show who the character was when he took his jacket off. He then returned to New York for Thanksgiving, packed up his apartment, and moved permanently to Los Angeles.He appeared as "The Fonz" on the first episode of Happy Days in January 1974, and was continuously with the series until it ended it in July 1984. "The Fonz" was initially written as a minor role, based on a "tough guy" Garry Marshall knew in The Bronx. <mask>, however, added his own special interpretation of the character during the first episode, based on "a deal" he had made with himself that if he ever played this kind of character, he would never comb his hair, chew gum, or keep a box of cigarettes rolled in his sleeve (as this is what actors would typically do). Although he tried to explain this philosophy to the producers, he was told he had to follow the script and comb his hair. He thus stood at the mirror, motioned in a way that suggested "Hey I don't have to because it's perfect," and in doing so, created the seminal moment which defined the character. In addition, ABC executives did not want to see Fonzie wearing leather, thinking it would imply that the character was a criminal. Thus, during the first season, <mask> wore two different windbreaker jackets, one of which was green.Marshall argued with the executives about the jacket, and eventually a compromise was made: <mask> could only wear

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 the leather jacket in scenes with his motorcycle. <mask> has noted that he almost crashed his motorcycle the first time he tried, so he never actually drove it during the series. By the middle of the second season, "The Fonz" began his transition into a breakout character in December 1974, when he was featured as the central protagonist in the episode, "Guess Who's Coming to Christmas." By the third season, he became the lead of the series, as the storylines shifted away from the original protagonist, Richie Cunningham, to "The Fonz." <mask> recalled in a 2018 interview that he directly addressed the issue with Ron Howard who portrayed Richie, asking him "how has what's happened affected you? You are the star of the show, and the Fonz has taken off." According to <mask>, Howard told him that although he "was signed on as the star, you did nothing except be as good as you could be.It's good for the show, we're friends." In 2021, Howard reiterated these points by stating that <mask> had been "sort of a big brother" to him, and was "very supportive of the idea of me being a filmmaker." In a 2018 interview with <mask>, journalist Michael Schneider suggests that it was at this point that "the Fonz, became the biggest icon on television" at that time. <mask> responded by stating that he "went from somebody who had no sense of self" to a situation that was "scary. People wanted, you know, parts of my clothing, it was overwhelming." He has also admitted that while he shares some characteristics with "The Fonz" such as loyalty to friends and an undercurrent of anger that he drew from his struggles with school as a child, they were fundamentally different. He has stated that "The Fonz" was "my alter ego.He was everybody I wasn't...He was in charge. He was confident. He was everybody that I ever wanted to have some part of in my body." Dyslexia

In a 2019 interview with NPR, <mask> described the coping mechanisms he developed throughout his life that masked the difficulties he had with cold-reading scripts, stating that he "would memorize as quickly as I could because I couldn't read the page and act at the same time to make an impression on the casting person or on the director and the producers...and I improvised the rest. And when they said, 'Well you're not doing what's written on the page,' I said, 'I'm giving you the essence of the character.'" It was during the period the early period of Happy Days that <mask>'s stepson Jed was diagnosed as dyslexic, and <mask> realized that he was as well. Thus, while the cast would "sit around the table on Monday mornings and read the script, I would stumble at least once or twice a paragraph.And then I was diagnosed, and I made fun of it—I covered it in humor. But I was humiliated...[as] when I didn't know what was going on for the first year or two, they laughed. I'm sure it was frustrating because I kept breaking up the rhythm of the joke or the scene. One line depends on another line—it depends on that flow coming in like a tributary from a river, and my tributaries kept getting like there was a beaver in the middle of them making a dam." Additional film and television roles
During his decade on Happy Days, <mask> also appeared in a variety of roles in film and on television. In film, he appeared in Heroes (1977) with a then-unknown Harrison Ford and Sally Field, in a role for which he was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama. He later appeared in Carl Reiner's The One and Only (1978), and in Ron Howard's 1982 directorial debut, Night Shift with Shelley Long before she appeared in Cheers, and a then-unknown Michael Keaton.He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his work in Night Shift. In television, he was the executive producer and host for the 1978 50-minute television version of the documentary, Who Are the DeBolts? And Where Did They Get Nineteen Kids?, which was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informational Series or Special in 1979. In 1979, he was a co-host for the Music for UNICEF Concert, and appeared in An American Christmas Carol. In 1980, he had a cameo appearance on Sesame Street  to promote the letter "A" (ayyyy), later recalling that it was "the only time I ever appeared as the Fonz on something else. I had a strict rule about that, but they asked me and it was my pleasure. They came to the Happy Days set."In 1981, he was the executive producer for the ABC Afterschool Special: Run, Don't Walk, based on the novel of the same name by Harriet May Savitz, and featuring his Happy Days co-star, Scott Baio. Finally in 1982, he had his first directing experience (at the behest of Garry Marshall), with the 13th episode of the Happy Days spin-off, Joanie Loves Chachi starring Baio and Erin Moran. After Happy Days (1984–2003)
After Happy Days ended in 1984, <mask> was typecast, and could not get acting roles until 1991. According to <mask>, his "agent would put me out there and people would say, ‘You know, he's great, he's a wonderful guy, really good actor. Funny, So funny. But he was the Fonz.' "   He states that it was a difficult time as he wanted to be  a "working actor," had "no idea what to do," and "found it to be psychically painful.I was rudderless." However, he also states that he lives his life by "tenacity and gratitude," seeing himself as "that toy with sand at the bottom you punch it and it goes right back to center. That is it: You have to get up, dust yourself off and you have to just keep yourself moving forward." Thus, <mask> started the production company, Fair Dinkum Productions, and various off-shoots. He chose the name in a nod to Australia, where "fair dinkum" is a common Australian term suggesting a person or thing is "direct," "honest," "fair," or "authentic". Directing (1984–2002)
In 1984 <mask> directed, and was executive producer for, the CBS Schoolbreak Special: "All the Kids Do It" starring Scott Baio, which won the 1985 Daytime Emmy for Outstanding Children's Special (executive producer) and was nominated for the 1985 Daytime Emmy for Outstanding Directing in Children's Programming. In addition to a few episodes of television sitcoms that he directed in the late 1990s and early 2000s, <mask> directed his first theatrical release in 1988, Memories of Me with Billy Crystal.In 1993, he directed his second theatrical release, Cop and a Half, a film produced by Ron Howard's company, Imagine Entertainment, and starring Burt Reynolds. Producing (1985–2003)
<mask> was an executive producer for Rob Reiner's second film as a director, The Sure Thing (1985). He was also the executive producer for the original  MacGyver, which won the Genesis Award for Best TV Drama in 1991, and for Dead Man's Gun, which won the Bronze Wrangler in 1998. In 1988, he was the executive producer for the ABC Afterschool Special: A Family Again starring Jill Eikenberry and Michael Tucker. In addition, he was the executive producer for a number of series including Sightings and So Weird. In 2002, he partnered with Michael Levitt to revamp and update The Hollywood Squares for the fifth season of the 1998 reboot. It was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show in 2003.Acting (1991–2003)
<mask> returned to acting in the early 1990s. He starred in the 1991 television film, Absolute Strangers, and in the short-lived 1994 television series, Monty with David Schwimmer (before his debut on Friends). He also starred in the 1994 television film  One Christmas, with Katharine Hepburn in her last role, and Swoosie Kurtz. In 1996, he appeared in his friend Wes Craven's 1996 film, Scream as foul-mouthed high school principal Arthur Himbry. His role was uncredited, however, as the producers were concerned that he would only be seen as The Fonz, and thus distract from the film. After it was screened, though, and audiences responded well to his role in it, he was asked to do publicity for Scream. In 2000, <mask> was nominated for a Primetime Emmy, Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series, for his portrayal of Dr. <mask> in three episodes of The Practice.Work with John Ritter

<mask> also worked on a few projects with his longtime friend, actor John Ritter, whom he first met in 1978 at ABC's 25th anniversary party, when <mask> was still on Happy Days, and Ritter was Jack Tripper on the television series Three's Company. He directed Ritter in the 1986 television movie, A Smoky Mountain Christmas starring Dolly Parton, and in 1993, they co-starred in the made-for-television movie, The Only Way Out. Later in 1999, Neil Simon gave <mask> the chance to be involved with his first theatrical production since 1973, when he asked him to do a read-through of The Dinner Party. Given the problems he had with cold-readings, <mask> initially panicked. However, he asked for the script in advance in order to memorize it, and managed to get through the reading. Simon eventually contacted <mask> again, and asked him to be in the theatrical version he was staging, to which <mask> agreed. He was also excited to be working with Ritter again.While their initial debut was not well-received, they were asked to perform the play in Washington D.C, which they did with a few casting changes, and to good reviews. The play then moved to Broadway, again to good reviews (which, <mask> states, made his initial experience in the 1973 show 42 Seconds from Broadway "right"). In 2003, he was slated for a guest appearance on Ritter's show, 8 Simple Rules (for Dating my Teenage Daughter). However, during the filming of the episode, Ritter became ill and had to be taken to the hospital, dying a few days later. The episode was never completed, and <mask>'s role was dropped. Work with Adam Sandler

<mask> began to collaborate with Adam Sandler in the 1990's, after Sandler included Fonzie in the Saturday Night Live skit, The Chanukah Song (1994). <mask> called Sandler to thank him, which led first to a friendship, and later to the role of Coach Klein in the 1998 film, The Waterboy.<mask> appeared as Sandler's father in Click (2006), and made cameo appearances in Little Nicky (2000), You Don't Mess with the Zohan (2008), and Sandy Wexler (2017). Arrested Development (2003–2019)

In 2003, Mitch Hurwitz wanted <mask> to portray the incompetent lawyer Barry Zuckerkorn on one episode of Arrested Development. However, as <mask> notes, he "went for one episode and...stayed for five years." He also returned for the later seasons in 2013 and 2018. For his portrayal of Barry Zuckerkorn, <mask> won a Gold Derby Award: Comedy Guest Actor in 2004. In 2014, <mask> was nominated as part of the cast for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series. Arrested Development is known for its "inside jokes."In three episodes of the 2013 reboot, <mask>'s son Max portrayed "young Barry Zuckerkorn" in flashbacks. In addition, there were a number of references to Happy Days. In Season One, Episode 17, <mask>'s character Barry "looks into the mirror and does the 'no comb necessary' Fonzie pose." Later in Season Three, Episode Three, Scott Baio joined the cast as the potentially new lawyer Bob Loblaw, stating, "look, this is not the first time I've been brought in to replace Barry Zuckerkorn. I think I can do for you everything he did. Plus, I skew younger. With juries and so forth."Vulture argues that this statement is "a nod to Happy Days, where [Baio] was brought on as Chachi, to be a new teen idol as <mask> got older." In addition, Barry's "hopping" over the shark on the pier in Episode 13 of the second season is a reference to Jon Hein's phrase  jumping the shark. Hein coined the phrase in 1985, in response to a 1977 Happy Days episode in which Fonzie jumps over a shark while on water-skis, a stunt that drew upon <mask>'s experiences as a teen-age water skiing instructor. Author (2003–present)

Hank Zipzer (book series, 2003–2019)

<mask>'s career as an author began with the Hank Zipzer series of children's books, about the adventures of a dyslexic child, which he co-wrote with his writing partner, Lin Oliver. Associated Press journalist Brooke Lefferts notes that the "message of the [Zipzer] books is that no matter how hard school is, it has nothing to do with intelligence." During the early 2000s, when <mask> experienced "a lull in [his] acting career," his manager Alan Berger suggested that he write children's books about the difficulties he experienced as a child before he knew that he was dyslexic. <mask> was resistant to the idea, which he initially thought "was insane," saying that he "couldn't do it."He finally agreed however, after Berger suggested that he co-write the books with an experienced author. Berger then introduced <mask> to Lin Oliver, and the two met for lunch. Aafter <mask> described his childhood experiences Oliver recalls thinking that, "here is this very articulate accomplished man, who suffered all through childhood because he wasn't good in school. It's a very moving story. So we created a character together who is smart, funny, resourceful, popular, who's got all the gifts - except that he is bad in school." The result of this meeting was a partnership that produced the 17 volume Hank Zipzer series of children's books. As the character is based on himself, <mask> chose "Hank," which is a nickname for <mask>, and "Zipzer", the name of a neighbor in the apartment building that he grew up in, and that Hank Zipzer lives in.They created these novels through a form of collaboration that was based on their mutual background in television, that involved "discussing ideas and working them out in a room together." In addition <mask> notes, this system specifically draws upon <mask>'s strengths as an actor, as he would work through ideas out loud, and Oliver's strengths as a writer. When she would read back what she had typed, they would, "argue over every word, and then [she would] say 'I have to get up, you drive me to drink.' And she gets a Snapple from the kitchen.”

After they finished the first series, <mask> and Oliver created the prequel series, Here's Hank, that explores Hank's life as a second grader, before he was diagnosed as dyslexic. The Here's Hank series also uses a special font

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<mask> and Oliver next created the television adaptation (also called Hank Zipzer) which ran for three seasons, from 2014-2016. According to <mask> however, they "could not sell the show in America.We couldn't sell the books. They said, 'Oh Hank Zipzer is so funny...but we won't do the television show. So we sold it to the BBC." At a later date, after the series was successful on the BBC, it was broadcast on the Universal Kids Channel in the United States. Nick James was cast as Hank, while <mask> played the role of the music teacher Mr. Rock, who was based on one of <mask>'s teachers at McBurney. <mask> has said that the real Mr. Rock was the only teacher in his high school who believed in him saying: "<mask> if you ever do get out of here you are going to be great." In addition, they produced the 2016 stand-alone television film, Hank Zipzer's Christmas Catastrophe.Nick James won the British Academy Children's Awards for Performer for his portrayal of Hank Zipzer in 2016. Additional books and children's book series (2011–present)
<mask> published I've Never Met an Idiot on the River in 2011, a memoir that explores his interest in fly fishing. The next year, he and his writing partner Lin Oliver created the Ghost Buddy book series (2012–2013) about the friendship between the protagonist Billy, and a "ghost buddy." A few years later they wrote the science fiction trilogy, Alien Superstar (2019–2021). The adventures of Alien Superstars protagonist, are loosely based on Winker's own experiences after arriving in Los Angeles as he, "left New York on September 18th, 1973. I had just made The Lords of Flatbush. I had a thousand dollars in my pocket.I could stay in Hollywood for one month....in the very first week, I got a part on The Mary Tyler Moore Show. It was four lines. They let me ad-lib it to eight. In the second week, I auditioned for 'The Fonz.'" Film, television, and theatrical roles (2004–present)
In 2004, <mask> was nominated for a  Daytime Emmy, Outstanding Performer in an Animated Program, and in 2005, he won the Daytime Emmy, Outstanding Performer in an Animated Program, for his voice-work as Norville in Clifford's Puppy Days. <mask> then returned to the stage in 2006  as Captain Hook in Peter Pan at the New Wimbledon Theatre, London. He reprised the role in Woking for Christmas 2007.For the 2008/2009 season, he played Captain Hook at the Milton Keynes Theatre, and once again for the 2009/2010 panto season at the Liverpool Empire. A few years later in 2012, <mask> made his third Broadway appearance as "Chuck Wood" in The Performers (November 14–18). <mask> also continued his work as a character actor in film and television. He had roles in a number of films including Stanley Yelnats III in Holes (2003), Uncle Ralph in the Christmas film The Most Wonderful Time of the Year (2008), Marty Streb in Here Comes the Boom (2012), Ed Koch in Donald Trump's The Art of the Deal: The Movie (a 2016 film that also starred Ron Howard), Grandpa Bill in All I Want for Christmas Is You (2017), and Uncle Joe in Wes Anderson's 2021 release The French Dispatch. In addition, he also had a number of roles in television series including Dr. Stewart Barnes in Out of Practice (2005–2006), Eddie R. Lawson in Royal Pains (2009–2016), Sy Mittleman in Childrens Hospital (2010–2016), Dr. Saperstein in Parks and Recreation (2013–2015), and Fritz in the 2021–present computer-animated streaming television series Monsters at Work. Better Late Than Never (2016–2018)

<mask> was both an executive producer for, and star of, the 2016-2018 American reality-travel show, Better Late Than Never. He starred along with William Shatner, Terry Bradshaw, George Foreman, and Jeff Dye, in this adaptation of the South Korean reality series, Grandpas Over Flowers.<mask> was the focus of the Season 2 episode "Berlin: How Do You Say Roots in German?" as the group explored the  city from which his parents escaped in 1939. The journey culminated at the site of a brass memorial plaque, known as a stolperstein, embedded in the pavement in front of the workplace and home of <mask> his uncle who was originally scheduled to join <mask>'s parents in 1939 on a business trip to the United States, but decided to stay behind and leave at a later date. The stolperstein reveals his fate, stating in German: "Here lived Helmut Theodor <mask>/Born 1909/Escaped 1940 Holland/Interned Westerbork/Deported 1942 Auschwitz/Murdered December 31, 1942. The discovery was a complete surprise to <mask>, as Jeff Dye had secretly enlisted the help of <mask>'s children, who planned the surprise. A letter from them was waiting near the Stolperstein, and told <mask> that his time in Berlin reflected elements of his parent's life there: "Even though the <mask> history in Berlin is heartbreaking, we thought it was important for you to connect with the past through this hopefully fun adventure, and connect you did...."

Barry (2018–present)

When Bill Hader developed the 2018–present HBO comedy Barry with  Alec Berg, he asked HBO if they could "get" <mask> for the part of acting teacher Gene Cousineau. According to Hader, he was "out of [his] mind" when HBO told him that <mask> was coming to audition for the role.<mask>'s son Max, who is a director, helped him to prepare. getting the role, <mask> states that he "was 27 when I did the Fonz, and now, I'm 72. I just flipped the numbers." In his role as Cousineau, <mask> wears Garry Marshall's tie as "a tribute to my mentor." Finally, after finishing a scene on Stage 19 of the Paramount lot for Barry, <mask> also noted that it was "the very sound stage where for nine years we shot Happy Days." While filming, <mask> continued his lifelong habit of improvising when he forgot his lines, something he has "done my whole career—except I drove Bill mad. He would say to me, 'Could you just do it once the way it's written, so I could hear what we’ve got?'I would say, 'Yes, Bill. I'm going to.' Then, my mind would go to the left. If it worked, they kept it; if it wasn't, both Alec and Bill would guide you to where they imagined it to be." Portraying Gene Cousineau also allowed <mask> to draw upon his experience with acting teachers, as "no matter where you go to acting class, there is somebody like Gene Cousineau in there...everybody that I have talked to that has watched the show, or even over the years, talking about their drama teachers, they relate to the man or woman who just tries to annihilate you.” At the same time, <mask> brought a level of warmth to the character, markedly different from the way in which Hader and Berg had originally conceived him. <mask> has said that when "they wrote it, my character was much darker, much colder—really cynical. Then, they kept writing Gene to me.They said, 'Oh my god, you're bringing such warmth to the character. We did not see that existed.' "

<mask> received his first Primetime Emmy in 2018 for his portrayal of Gene Cousineau. He also won the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series in 2018. In addition, he received one Primetime Emmy nomination, two Golden Globe nominations, and three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations for the role. Filmography and accolades

<mask> states that during his lifetime, he has worked with "five directing geniuses": Garry Marshall (Happy Days), Adam Sandler, Mitch Hurwitz (Arrested Development), Bill Hader and Alec Berg (Barry). After portraying Fonzie on Happy Days, <mask> evolved into a character actor, with roles that include the high school principal Arthur Himbry in Scream, Coach Klein in The Waterboy, Barry Zuckerkorn in Arrested Development, Sy Mittleman in Childrens Hospital, Dr. Saperstein in Parks and Recreation, Mr. Rock in the Hank Zipzer BBC series, Eddie R. Lawson in Royal Pains, Fritz in Monsters at Work, Uncle Joe in The French Dispatch, and Gene Cousineau in Barry.He is also the recipient of a Primetime Emmy, two Golden Globe Awards, a Critics Choice Award, and two Daytime Emmys. Personal life

During a 2018 interview for SAG-AFTRA, journalist Michael Schneider said that "the rumors are true," that <mask> is "one of the nicest, most genuine men in all of Hollywood." He met Stacey (formerly Weitzman; née Furstman) in a Los Angeles clothing store in 1976, and they married in 1978, in the New  Synagogue where he had his bar mitzvah. They have two children, Max and Zoe, and Jed Weitzman, Stacey's son from her previous marriage with Howard Weitzman, is <mask>'s stepson. <mask> is also close with members of the Happy Days cast, telling the Hollywood Reporter in November 2021, that "I loved the people. They are still my friends. Tomorrow, I am taking Marion Ross to lunch for her 93rd birthday.Ron [Howard] is like my brother, my younger brother; and [fellow castmembers] Anson [Williams] and Donny [Most], we talk all the time." <mask> contributed via Zoom to social justice issues during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–present). On May 7, 2020,  the Office of the Governor of California posted a video of <mask> on Facebook and Twitter reminding Californians to practice physical distancing and to follow Stay-at-home orders. Later on March 29, 2021, <mask> participated in a virtual SAG-AFTRA fundraiser for "emergency financial and medical assistance, disaster relief and scholarships to SAG-AFTRA artists and their families, as well as support the Foundation's free educational programming, including its children's literacy." The fundraiser was a virtual table read of Season 3, Episode 2 ("The Motorcycle," 1975) of Happy Days. <mask> reprised the role of "Fonzie," while SAG members Glenn Close, John Carroll Lynch, Eli Goree, Aldis Hodge, Jamie Chung, Luke Newton, and Nicola Coughlan read the roles of Marion Cunningham, Howard Cunningham, Richie Cunningham, Ralph Malph, Joanie Cunningham, Potsie, and a waitress at Al's diner. Legacy

The Fonz

TV Guide ranked "The Fonz" as No.4 on its "50 Greatest TV Characters of All Time" list in 1999, and a 2001 poll conducted by Channel 4 in the UK, ranked him as 13th on their list of the 100 Greatest TV Characters. When asked which books influenced him in childhood, American journalist Anderson Cooper, who is likewise dyslexic, responded that, "I also loved the Fonz and read a book when I was around 8 called The Fonz: The <mask> Story. I actually keep it in my office at CNN. <mask> was very important to me when I was a child. Meeting him as an adult — and discovering what a kind and gracious person he is — was amazing." This sentiment reflects National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution curator Eric Jentsch's statement on the description of Fonzie's leather jacket that <mask> donated  to the Smithsonian in 1980: "Fonzie was a representation of cool at a time when you were learning about what cool was." <mask> won two Golden Globe Awards, and earned three Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series for the role.In 1981, he received a Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame (for Television), largely due to his portrayal of Fonzie. A few decades later, American artist Gerald P. Sawyer, unveiled the Bronze Fonz on the Milwaukee Riverwalk in downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin on August 18, 2008. Hank Zipzer and dyslexia awareness
<mask> would eventually be recognized for contributing to a greater understanding of dyslexia through the Hank Zipzer series. He was given the Key to the City of Winnipeg for "contributions to education and literacy" in 2010, was appointed an Honorary Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) "for services to children with special educational needs and dyslexia in the UK" by Queen Elizabeth in 2011, was named one of the United Kingdom's Top 10 Literacy Heroes in 2013, and was awarded the Bill Rosendahl Public Service Award for Contributions to the Public Good for his children's books in 2019. Books

Books by <mask>tandaloneSeries'''
<mask>, <mask> (with Lin Oliver). Hank Zipzer: The World's Greatest Underachiever (18 volumes, 2003–2010, 2015). <mask>, <mask> (with Lin Oliver).Ghost Buddy (4 volumes, 2012–2013). <mask>, <mask> (with Lin Oliver). Here's Hank (12 volumes, 2014–2019). <mask>, <mask> (with Lin Oliver). Alien Superstar (3 volumes, 2019–2021). Books about <mask>

See also
List of breakout characters
List of children's literature writers
List of people with dyslexia
List of public art in Milwaukee
List of stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

Further reading
Gold Award candidate seeks help of <mask> for school library project, CentralJersey.com, August 18, 2021. References

External links

 <mask> on Playbill

 Videos
<mask> Griffin Show, Nov. 2, 1977
<mask> presents the Oscar for Art Direction-with Greer Garson for Star Wars IV'', at the Academy Awards, 1978.<mask> Interview - Hank Zipzer - CBBC, August 5, 2016
<mask> describes watching 'Happy Days' with grandson - Anderson Cooper Full Circle, 2020
<mask> Announces He's Selling Iconic Fonzie Jacket In Upcoming Memorabilia Auction - Access Hollywood, October 11, 2021. 1945 births
Living people
20th-century American comedians
20th-century American Jews
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American comedians
21st-century American Jews
21st-century American male actors
21st-century American male writers
American children's writers
American male comedians
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male voice actors
American people of German-Jewish descent
American television directors
Best Musical or Comedy Actor Golden Globe (television) winners
Comedians from New York City
Daytime Emmy Award winners
Emerson College alumni
Film directors from New York City
Honorary Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Jewish American male actors
Jewish American male comedians
Jewish American writers
Jewish male comedians
Male actors from New York City
McBurney School alumni
Outstanding Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series Primetime Emmy Award winners
People from the Upper West Side
People with dyslexia
Primetime Emmy Award winners
Television producers from New York City
Writers from Manhattan
Yale School of Drama

masks:
Winkler
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Henry Winkler


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<mask> (born 4 July 1961) is a Bosnian professional football manager and former player who is the manager of Bosnian Premier League club Tuzla City. He is regarded as one of the most successful Bosnian football managers. Club career
Born in the town of Janja, near Bijeljina, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia, <mask> began his career playing in the local club Radnik Bijeljina, competing back then in the Yugoslav Second League group West. In 1979, he joined Yugoslav First League side Sarajevo, where he played the following 6 seasons. He was an important member of the memorable Sarajevo squad that won the 1984–85 Yugoslav First League, which gave him a ticket to a move in that summer to Red Star Belgrade. In Belgrade <mask> represented the red & white's for the following four seasons, having in the meantime won another Yugoslav First League title in the 1987–88 season. He moved abroad in summer of 1989 by joining Hearts, but he only played the first half of the 1989–90 Scottish Premier Division, as during the winter break he returned to Yugoslavia and joined his former club, FK Sarajevo.He did score a derby winner against Hibs in August 1989, though, to cement his place in Hearts' history books. By then, Sarajevo had already been deconstructed from the championship winning squad from 1985, so a year after returning from Scotland, <mask> moved abroad again, this time to the Netherlands by joining Twente. He played 9 games in the second half of the 1990–91 Eredivisie season, but in the following season he only managed to play one match, so he spent the second part of the season playing with FC VVV. He however played no official games for them. Before retiring, <mask> played in Germany between 1992 and 1994 with Pfullendorf in the Oberliga Baden-Württemberg where he got the chance to show his scoring skills by netting 16 times in 32 matches. He finished his playing career after the end of that season at the age of 33.

International career
<mask> made his debut and played his only match for the Yugoslav national team in a friendly match played in Timișoara, Romania, on 30 March 1983, in a Yugoslav victory of 2–0 against Romania. Later, after the break-up of Yugoslavia, in 1995, he played in the first half of the first ever official match of the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team, away against Albania.Managerial career
After retiring from playing, <mask> began his managerial career. Initially, he worked at Sarajevo as an assistant to managers Mehmed Janjoš and Nermin Hadžiahmetović. Afterwards managed Đerzelez in the late 1990s, before becoming Sarajevo's main manager and winning the 2004–05 Bosnian Cup and two years later, the 2006–07 Bosnian Premier League. After Sarajevo, <mask> managed Olimpik, with whom he won the 2008–09 First League of FBiH and got them promoted to the Bosnian Premier League. He also managed Sloboda Tuzla and Mladost Doboj Kakanj. While at Sloboda, <mask> also had good success, finishing 2nd in the 2015–16 Premier League season and being the 2015–16 Bosnian Cup runner-up. In between his two appointments at Olimpik, from 29 June 2011 until 2012, he was head coach of the Bosnia and Herzegovina U18 national team.In August 2017, for the fifth time in his career, <mask> was appointed as manager of Sarajevo. In November 2017, he overtook Miroslav Brozović as Sarajevo's manager with most wins in the history of the club. In the 2018–19 season, with Sarajevo, he had for a second time in his career won the Bosnian Cup after Sarajevo beat Široki Brijeg in the final on 15 May 2019. Just three days after the cup success, on 18 May 2019, <mask> led Sarajevo to a 4–0 home league win against Zvijezda 09 and won the league title with Sarajevo once again and also won the club's first ever double in history, as well as also the first double ever in his managerial career. On 23 May 2019, he was named the Bosnian Premier League Manager of the 2018–19 season. On 12 June 2019, <mask> extended his contract with Sarajevo, which was due to keep him at the club until the summer of 2021. On 2 December 2019, he got sacked from his position of Sarajevo manager after a bad performance of his team in its 1–3 home league loss against fierce city rivals Željezničar in the Sarajevo derby two days earlier, on 30 November.It was that same season that Sarajevo lost to Željezničar even more humiliating, that was on 31 August 2019, a match which Željezničar beat Sarajevo 5–2 at home on the Grbavica Stadium, with <mask> getting most of the blame for his team's loss. On 7 January 2021, it was announced that he had become the new manager of Tuzla City, signing a two-and-a-half year contract with the club. In <mask>'s first game in charge, Tuzla City beat city rivals Sloboda in a league match on 28 February 2021. He oversaw his first loss as Tuzla City manager against his former Sarajevo, in a semi-final cup game on 7 April 2021. Personal life
<mask>'s older brother Vahidin is a former professional footballer as well and FK Sarajevo legend. Managerial statistics

Honours

Player
Sarajevo
Yugoslav First League: 1984–85

Red Star Belgrade
Yugoslav First League: 1987–88

Manager
Sarajevo
Bosnian Premier League: 2006–07, 2018–19
Bosnian Cup: 2004–05, 2018–19

Olimpik
First League of FBiH: 2008–09

Individual
Bosnian Premier League Manager of the Season: 2018–19

References

External links

1961 births
Living people
People from Janja
Bosniaks of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Association football forwards
Yugoslav footballers
Yugoslavia international footballers
Bosnia and Herzegovina footballers
Bosnia and Herzegovina international footballers
Dual internationalists (football)
FK Radnik Bijeljina players
FK Sarajevo players
Red Star Belgrade footballers
Heart of Midlothian F.C. players
FC Twente players
VVV-Venlo players
SC Pfullendorf players
Yugoslav Second League players
Yugoslav First League players
Scottish Football League players
Eredivisie players
Oberliga (football) players
Yugoslav expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Scotland
Yugoslav expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands
Yugoslav expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Germany
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Bosnia and Herzegovina football managers
FK Sarajevo managers
NK Čelik Zenica managers
FK Olimpik managers
FK Sloboda Tuzla managers
FK Mladost Doboj Kakanj managers
FK Tuzla City managers
Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina managers

masks:
Husref Musemić
Musemić
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Chief Warrant Officer 4 <mask> (born August 17, 1952) is a United States Army warrant officer and NASA payload specialist astronaut who flew aboard Space Shuttle mission STS-44 as a payload specialist. Personal
Hennen was born on August 17, 1952, in Albany, Georgia, and was raised all over the world. He now lives in Houston, Texas. Tom is married to the former Sherri Wise of Houston. Together, they have six children, Kristopher, <mask>, Karl, Kyle, Kendall, and Karli and one grandchild, Mila Michelle. He enjoys playing basketball, bowling, dancing, snorkeling, scuba diving, sky diving, traveling, and listening to music. His father, Chief Master Sergeant Carl H<mask> (USAF), and his mother, Antoinette L<mask>, are both deceased.Education
Hennen graduated from Groveport-Madison High School in Groveport, Ohio in 1970. He attended Urbana College in Urbana, Ohio from 1970–1972 on both an academic and athletic scholarship. Military career
Hennen was the first Warrant Officer within the U.S. Army and Department of Defense to have been selected as a member of a Space Shuttle flight crew. Hennen served over 24 years in the imagery intelligence field. He received extensive technical training and experience as an operational imagery analyst at both the national and tactical intelligence levels; experience as an instructor; training, force, and combat developer; extensive material development and acquisition management experience—all of which combined to make him one of the most qualified imagery intelligence technicians within the Department of Defense. From 1973 to 1975, he was assigned to the 163rd Military Intelligence Battalion, Fort Hood, Texas. During this assignment he participated in the planning, development, and conduct of major operational and force development tests and evaluations in direct support of U.S. Army and III Corps combat requirements.A small sample of these tests included: the evaluation of the effectiveness of various firing methodologies of the AH-1 Cobra attack helicopter; the testing and evaluation of new camouflage netting, uniforms, and painted vehicles, now in use throughout the Army; the initial U.S. Army Remotely piloted vehicle testing; phosphorus smoke tests; antenna mast tests; and heat loss/energy conservations tests. During 1976 through 1978, <mask> was assigned to the 203rd Military Intelligence Detachment. While there he served as Operations NCO and the chief of both the Tactical and Strategic Exploitation Divisions, providing imagery collection, exploitation, and intelligence support to the 1st Cavalry Division, the 2nd Armored Division, the 6th Armored Cavalry Regiment, and Headquarters III Corps. Hennen was assigned to the U.S. Army Intelligence Center, Fort Huachuca, Arizona, from 1981 through 1986. He was the project officer for the Imagery Intelligence (IMINT) Tactical Exploitation of National Space Capabilities Program (TENCAP), responsible for developing all training requirements, concept, and doctrine. His efforts culminated in the production of multimillion-dollar training programs, supporting the fielding of a variety of new systems, operating at both the tactical and national intelligence levels. During this assignment, Hennen was appointed as Department of the Army IMINT subject matter expert.He developed and managed a major project for the Office of the Secretary of Defense; he authored the U.S. Army Radar Training Plan; participated in the development of the TENCAP Systems Management Model; was selected as a member of a Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) team that developed the Joint Space Intelligence and Operations Course; and represented the Army on the DIA Intelligence Training Equipment Subcommittee. In 1986, Hennen was selected by the Commanding General of the U.S. Army Intelligence Center to represent him within the U.S. Army Space Program Office (ASPO) in Washington, D.C., for those matters pertaining to TENCAP requirements, concept development, and the doctrinal and operational employment of TENCAP systems. Additionally, he participated in various Army, DOD, and National Intelligence Community working groups and subcommittees involved in TENCAP program activities. Hennen was personally responsible for managing the development and successful fielding of a state-of-the-art IMINT system to both the European and Pacific Theaters of Operations. Chief Hennen's efforts at ASPO were instrumental in the efficient evolution of 5 major TENCAP systems with a Life Cycle Cost in excess of 2 billion US dollars, providing critical and timely intelligence in support of the requirements of the tactical commander on the extended battlefield. Astronaut career
Hennen was selected as a payload specialist candidate in September 1988 and moved back to the "Home of Military Intelligence", Fort Huachuca, Arizona, during March 1989 to begin Terra Scout payload operations training. During August 1989 he was selected as the primary payload specialist for the Terra Scout experiment manifested on STS-44, and reported to NASA in 1990 to begin Payload Specialist and Space Shuttle Crew Training.Hennen became the first Warrant Officer in space, flying aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis (STS-44), which launched from Kennedy Space Center Pad 39A at 6:44 PM (EST), November 24, 1991. He orbited the Earth 109 times, traveling 2.9 million miles (4.7 million km), before landing at Edwards Air Force Base, California on December 1, 1991. <mask> retired from the U.S. Army in December 1995. He is the co-founder and currently serves as the Executive Director of the Atlantis Foundation, a non-profit organization that is both an advocate and a service provider for people with developmental disabilities. Awards and honors
Hennen has been awarded many special honors, including the Legion of Merit, Meritorious Service Medal with two oak leaf clusters, Defense Superior Service Medal, Army Commendation Medal, Army Achievement Medal with oak leaf cluster, NASA Space Flight Medal, Army Good Conduct Medal, National Defense Service Medal; and the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award with oak leaf cluster. Hennen was selected on numerous occasions as Soldier and Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) of the Quarter/Year by the various commands and agencies to which he was assigned during his enlisted career. References

1952 births
Living people
United States Army astronauts
People from Albany, Georgia
People from Columbus, Ohio
People from Houston
Urbana University alumni
United States Army officers
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal
Space Shuttle program astronauts
Military personnel from Texas

masks:
Thomas John Hennen
Jessie
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Hennen
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<mask> was one of seven Australians who each won the World Sculling Championship (Professional) between 1876 and 1905. He was born on the banks of the Hawkesbury River near Windsor, New South Wales, on 15 November 1853. As a boy growing up he taught himself to row. In 1873 he and his brother Thomas won a double sculls race of four miles in a time of thirty-three minutes. Early racing
His first race of note was when he won a skiff race at the Sackville Beach Regatta on the Hawkesbury River on 24 May 1881. He won this particular race four years in succession. In 1883 he won a professional match race at £10 a side by winning a light skiffs event at Sackville.The following year at the same location he rowed George Solomon for £50 a side in light skiffs over three miles and won. His next major race was in October 1884 over three and a quarter miles and for £200 a side against Neil Matterson, a man <mask>, and Bill Beach, were later to row for the World Title. The race was run in "best boats" i.e. lightweight racing craft. This was <mask>'s first race in such boats but he managed to lead for the first half of the race. At this point he became so distressed that he had to stop rowing and thus lost the race. Over the next two years he won a number of smaller races and handicap events and collected some useful prize money.In 1886, he travelled to England with Bill Beach who twice defended his World Title there. <mask> had no great success in England and returned to Australia where he continued to have wins in some of the local regattas and small match races. It was around this time that <mask> went into an intensive regime to improve his rowing. In 1887 he again meet Matterson on the Parramatta River and won with little effort. World Champion
<mask> was something of a protégée of Beach or at least a training partner. After Beach had won the World Title (1884) and successfully defended an unprecedented six challenges he decided to retire in late 1887 as undefeated champion and announced he was handing the Title to <mask>. It would appear that Beach had arranged for <mask> to challenge for the Title and under the rules then in place declined to accept the challenge within the regulation three months thereby forfeiting the Title.There was no controlling body for the Title (nor for most professional sport titles of the time) so the arrangement stood despite many of the public believing that <mask> was not good enough and unworthy of the Title. A number of commentators believed the situation was rigged and were outraged at the situation. First defence

<mask> was keen to defend his otherwise empty title and to demonstrate his skills to the public. He wanted to prove he was worthy and so accepted a title challenge from Thomas Clifford, a fellow Australian. The race was set down for 11 February 1888 on the Parramatta River, Sydney, over the usual distance of three and a quarter miles and for a stake of £200 a side. Because of the situation more interest was shown by the public for this race that might normally have been the case. Several large harbour steamers were near the course and a large number of spectators lined the various vantage points on the banks.<mask> won the toss and chose the southern side which gave him an advantage. <mask> took the lead at the start and pulled steadily away from his opponent until at the mile point he was in the lead by four lengths. No effort by Clifford made any difference and <mask> crossed the line about six lengths ahead. The time was 23m.47.5s. Second and third defences

<mask>'s next challenge was from Edward Hanlan a Canadian. Hanlan was a much tougher proposition as he had been a seven times World Champion from 1880 until 1884 when he was beaten by Beach. The race was scheduled for 5 May 1888 and was again raced on the Parramatta River.This time the stake was £500 a side which was a huge sum of money in those days compared to ordinary wages. Great interest in the race was again taken by the public. At this time <mask> was reported to have the following physical details. A strongly built, muscular man who was  tall, and had a chest measurement of . His weight was . The men got away to a clean start with <mask> taking a small lead early although Hanlan soon levelled. First one, then the other, had the advantage but neither gained much until at Putney a foul occurred and Hanlan took the advantage and shot out four lengths to the good.<mask> then made a most determined effort and was soon only half a length behind. Hanlan spurted again but <mask> kept up and was soon level. Hanlan then showed some signs of distress and slipped behind but then made another effort to overcome the leader. However <mask> sculled away and won by a length in a time of 21m.26s. Hanlan entered a protest over being fouled by <mask> but later withdrew it. The race was considered to be one of the finest ever rowed on that river. Hanlan must have still fancied his chances and issued another challenge against <mask>.This was accepted and the race was scheduled for 28 September 1888. It was unusual to have had this many Championship races over such a short time. Often a year or longer would pass between these races. Again the stake was £500 a side and was again raced on the Parramatta River. The result was an easy win by nine lengths to <mask> despite Hanlan claiming a foul. The referee disallowed the foul deciding that Hanlan was to blame. This was Hanlan's last World Title race of the twelve he competed in.<mask>'s time was 20m.30s. Fourth defence

<mask> only had a very short time until his next race. He had been challenged for the Title by another Australian, Henry Ernest Searle and the race was agreed to be run on 27 October 1888, on the Parramatta. The usual £500 a side was at stake. At the start Searle took the lead and although <mask> made great efforts he could never overtake the leader who won by about twenty lengths in a time of 22m.44s. World Champion again

Searle did not have any Title defences in Australia but went to England where he defeated a Canadian challenger, William Joseph O'Connor, on the Thames River in 1889. As Searle was returning on a ship to Australia he contacted typhoid fever and died in Melbourne in December 1889.<mask> then reclaimed the World Title on the grounds that he was the best living sculler and had been the immediate past world champion. O'Conner also laid claim to the Title on the basis that he was the last challenger. This claim had some support in England but as the centre for sculling was Sydney, <mask>'s claim was accepted by the leading Australian sporting newspapers, and by implication, the sporting public. There was no controlling body for the World Title. The only time previously the champion had died while 'in office' was when James Renforth died in 1871. The next race was then for an open Title. Fifth defence

Neil Matterson had been Searle's coach and was now of the opinion that he could beat <mask> and thus challenged for the World Title.It was agreed they would race on 25 April 1890 on the Parramatta River. This time the stake was only £200 a side – the same as for their first race. A large number of people viewed the race and both men were described as being in excellent form. After a splendid start <mask> managed to get ahead and stayed there until the finish. He exhausted Matterson who trailed some two hundred and fifty yards behind <mask> as he crossed the line in 21m.13s. Sixth defence

Less than a month later, on 15 May, <mask> was back out on the Parramatta water defending his Title and a stake of £200 a side. This time he was against John McLean, another Australian.After the start a great race ensued to Uhr's Point and then <mask> took the lead. Despite a brilliant spurt by McLean he was unable to pass the leader who "won as he liked" by six lengths in a time of 23m.46s. Final title race

John McLean believed he was good enough to be the World Champion and again challenged <mask> to a race. The date agreed to was 15 December 1890 and once again it was held on the Parramatta River with the stake set at £200 a side. <mask> got away better at the start and was soon had a lead of half a length. Both boats came close together and McLean fouled <mask> who stopped rowing for a couple of strokes. McLean took advantage of this and went half a length ahead.However <mask> soon got underway and spurted and was quickly ahead again. McLean then made an effort and slipped ahead. He sculled well and despite the best work of <mask> he was unable to overtake McLean who finished six lengths ahead in a time of 22m.13s. The referee decided the foul in McLean's favour. <mask> was dissatisfied with the result and offered to row either McLean or Jim Stanbury for £500 a side after April the following year. This did not happen and Stanbury later beat McLean for the title. Personal life

<mask> was married in 1874 in Windsor to Henrietta Jones.They had nine children but Henrietta died following the birth of daughter Bertha in 1891. <mask> remarried, to Bertha Lawler also in 1891. Two further children were born. <mask> died on 1 December 1921, aged 68 years. He was buried at Rookwood, New South Wales. <mask> Street in the Sydney suburb of Tennyson Point is named after <mask>. Nearby streets are named after some of the other Australian World Sculling Champions, vis, Beach, Searle, Stanbury, and (George) Towns.They are not far from the Championship course on the Parramatta River. External links

The 'Otago Witness' newspaper 24 February 1888, 18 May 1888, 18 December 1890. The 'Evening Post' newspaper 7 May 1888, 12 May 1888, 27 October 1888, 29 October 1888. The 'Wanganui Herald' newspaper 14 May 1888, 16 May 1890. The 'Timaru Herald' newspaper 29 September 1888. The 'Marlborough Express' newspaper 11 October 1888, 26 April 1890. Seven Australian World Champion Scullers, , published 2010.1853 births
1921 deaths
Australian male rowers
Professional rowers

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