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<mask> (June 23, 1895 – October 17, 1980) was the first Baháʼí to live in Brazil. She went as a pioneer to Brazil in 1921 when she was only 25 years old and due to her efforts and services for the Baháʼí Faith in Brazil and across Latin America she was named the 'Spiritual Mother of the Baháʼís of South America'. Early life
<mask> was born on June 23, 1895 in the City of Hudson, New York. Her father was businessman Samuel Norris Holsapple and her mother was Grace Heathcote Stirling, who served actively in civic work and had taught school. However, Grace had serious health problems [what would later be known as diabetes], and died soon after <mask> turned five years old. This created a profound effect upon <mask> and her younger sister Alethe during their childhood and adolescence. Their father was devastated at the loss and often left the two little girls to the care of their grandmothers and a housekeeper.Despite her early suffering Leonora was very talented from an early age, even considered a child prodigy. She had never told anyone how she had read the entire Bible through when still just a child. In her high school graduating class she received the highest honors and was made valedictorian. She was able to enter Cornell University in Ithaca, New York on a full four-year scholarship and was elected Phi Beta Kappa in her junior year. Leonora graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree from Cornell, where she had studied Latin, Greek, Physics, Botany, Astronomy and Chemistry. After graduation from university she taught Latin in high schools for two years in Boston as well as being active in social work, just as her mother and grandmother had been before her. Introduction to the Baháʼí Faith

When she was about eleven years old, her maternal grandmother, who had spent long years of spiritual searching, found the Baháʼí Faith and declared herself a Baháʼí [circa 1906].She began to teach her granddaughters about the Baháʼí Faith and due to her example of devotion and efforts to spread the Baháʼí teachings, she inspired them by teaching them to sing some of the "hymns", to read and also to memorize passages from Hidden Words and prayers from the Baháʼí Writings. Later Leonora made her own efforts to share the Baháʼí teachings with her classmates and friends. Interest in Pioneering
The desire to pioneer first came in Leonora's mind when ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's Tablets of the Divine Plan were unveiled at the Baháʼí Convention held in New York City in April 1919. Spontaneously, and right at once, she wrote to ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, offering herself in service and his reply to her was:

"Thou hadst expressed thy great wish to be of service to the Divine Threshold and to heal the infirm with the Divine Panacea--the infirm who is afflicted with passion and self. Spiritual malady is more severe than physical illness for it may be that the latter may be converted by the least remedy into health and vigor, while the former will not be cured by a thousand well-known remedies ... My hope is that thou mayest become a spiritual physician." Leonora was very touched by the message from ʻAbdu'l-Bahá and also Martha Root, a well-known Baháʼí who traveled widely, served as a great influence upon her in choosing South America as her destination. In her own words Leonora said:

"This hope of the Master's became my highest aspiration and when, early in 1920, I read His Tablet to Martha Root, commending her teaching work in South America and stressing the importance of its being followed up by others, it at once seemed to me that here there might be a definite task for me.A letter to Martha brought an immediate reply, with all encouragement." Martha Root had made a historical visit to South America in 1919 and encouraged <mask> by sharing her experiences and sending a copy of her own diary notes from that period. This led <mask> to consider pioneering in South America and though Martha had at first suggested Argentina as a destination, at the last minute she encouraged her to go to Brazil. Arrival in Brazil
Many of <mask>'s family members and friends expressed great concern in relation to her decision to go to such a far away country as Brazil without knowing Portuguese. Many of them believed that she was taking a very dangerous risk, by traveling alone without knowing anyone in Brazil. However, her desire to teach the Baháʼí Faith was so great, that on February 1, 1921 she arrived in the port of Rio de Janeiro. At that time she was only 25 years old and she did not know anyone in that country.The fact that she was a woman and single, in a time that women had less rights and freedom, made her situation a lot more complicated but she still managed to stay in Brazil. <mask> got her first job in a very simple office through a young theosophist in the city of Santos, São Paulo. Afterwards she started to give private English classes, which made her able to make contacts to teach the Baháʼí Faith. Sometimes when she could, Leonora would participate as a speaker in the national conferences - her first year in Rio de Janeiro, she participated in the National Congress of Esperanto which extended to São Paulo and Santos and later to many other capitals of Brazil. Service
In 1925 in the city of Belém, Pará she published her first translation (English to Portuguese) of the book Paris Talks written by ʻAbdu'l-Bahá. Leonora beyond being a lecturer, educator and translator was also a social worker, having also kept an orphanage, in Salvador, Bahia, in the period of 1924-1927, for abandoned and needy children. In her first years in Brazil, she chose to establish herself in Salvador, Bahia and traveled several of times to Belém and Manaus.She always had a lot of support from many theosophists and esperantists in her services. In 1927 she published many articles and pamphlets about the Baháʼí Faith in Belém. In 1927 she was the first Baháʼí to visit and give lectures about the Baháʼí Faith in Colombia, Venezuela, Coracion, Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, Haiti, Guyana and Suriname as part of her plan to complement and complete Martha Root's unfulfilled intention of sharing the teachings of the Baháʼí Faith in all the Latin American countries. Leonora was living in Brazil when she saw to a translation into Spanish. She decided to go to Madrid, Spain to study Spanish because Shoghi Effendi, then head of the religion, wanted Spanish literature and she wanted to become proficient in the language. In July 1930 she boarded a French ship which first took her to several ports of call in West Africa and then to Barcelona. From Barcelona she proceeded to Madrid where she intended to take university courses.However she soon fell seriously ill for a time and was unable to enter the course at the University of Madrid. Shortly thereafter she went on Baháʼí pilgrimage and afterwards focused her efforts in Latin and South America. Formation of the Baháʼí Institution in Brazil
In 1940 at Salvador - after 19 years of her dedicated work of education, translations and social services - Leonora was thrilled to see the formation of the first official Baháʼí Institution in Brazil: the Local Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Salvador, composed by nine members, annually elected by the Baháʼí community in each locality. She was one of the members of this Assembly together with the first ones to accept and declare themselves bahá'ís in that city. After that, a second Local Spiritual Assembly was formed in Rio de Janeiro and in 1946 a third one was formed in the city of São Paulo. In 1961 she saw the establishment of the first National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Brazil. In 1973 Leonora was appointed a Counsellor, the highest appointed position of service in the religion  by the Universal House of Justice, then head of the Baháʼí Faith.The Counsellors are those who act in the continental levels and dedicate the time for the education and the protection of the Baháʼí Cause. Marriage
In August 1941, Leonora married an Englishman, Harold V<mask>, a widower whom she had known for several years. He was a great support in helping Leonora to accomplish many of the services that she dedicated during her life to religion, specifically her translation work. Leonora and her husband lived in many places in Brazil, and though they never had children of their own they adopted and raised about twenty children over the course of the years, or provided others with financial assistance towards basic needs and education. Defender of Women's Rights
<mask> was also a notable defender of women's rights - emphasizing the role of educators and servants for the cause of world peace. Her message, recorded in a tape in Salvador, Bahia days before her death, in October 1980, was addressed to hundreds of women gathered in the Centre of Conventions of Brasília, participants of the first Women's Latin-American Baháʼí Conference. Here are some excerpts from her message:

Last Years
After living in Santos, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador and having passed most of her last years in Minas Gerais, in the city of Juiz de Fora, she died on October 17, 1980 with 85 years of age, in the city of Salvador.In that same day, hundreds of Baháʼís from several communities of Latin America were gathered in Brasília, participating in a Women's Latin-American Baháʼí Conference. The climax of this meeting for promotion of the condition of the woman was the moment where a writing with her words of greeting to the participants of the event echoed for the audience. See also
 Baháʼí Faith in Brazil
 Baháʼí Faith in South America

References

External links
 Biography of <mask> <mask> (in Portuguese)

American Bahá'ís
Brazilian Bahá'ís
Cornell University alumni
American Esperantists
1895 births
1980 deaths
American emigrants to Brazil
Converts to the Bahá'í Faith
20th-century Bahá'ís
Baháʼí feminists
Brazilian feminists

masks:
Leonora Stirling Holsapple Armstrong
Leonora Stirling Holsapple
Leonora
Leonora
Leonora
Leonora
Leonora
Leonora
. Armstrong
Leonora
Leonora
Armstrong


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<mask> (born 23 August 1939) is a retired British businessman and politician who was the Conservative Member of Parliament for Bexhill and Battle from 1983 until 2001. In April 2001 for the last four weeks of his Parliamentary career he sat without the Conservative whip because he and a group of his Conservative constituency workers would not endorse his successor, Greg Barker until questions were answered about Barker's activities in Russia and about money he had obtained offshore. Early life and education
<mask> is the son of <mask>, a civil engineer, and Constance (née Roach) the daughter of a Lincolnshire country parson. Raised in Tunbridge Wells he was educated at Tonbridge School from 1953 to 1958. Too young for National Service, he served for two years as an assistant district officer in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) and worked for six months in Jamaica before five years at university. At Lincoln College, Oxford, from 1961 to 1964, where he was president of the Junior Common Room and of the Fleming Society, he received an MA in Geography and at Harvard Business School, 1964-66 an MBA. At Oxford he met Lesley Ann Wells who was reading Modern History at St Hugh's College and they married in August 1964 before going to America.Business career
Graduating from Harvard Business School, <mask> worked in New York, 1966–69, as assistant to the president of American Express Company; in the City of London, 1969–71, as a corporate finance executive at Morgan Grenfell and 1971–74, as managing director of Robert Fraser & Partners; in the West Midlands, 1974–83, as managing director and from 1977 executive chairman of  Benjamin Priest Group plc. He was a member of the CBI National Council and of the Engineering Employers Federation from 1980 until his election to Parliament in 1983. During his 18 years in Parliament <mask>'s non-executive part-time business roles included consultancies with the accountants, KPMG, and UniChem plc and the chairmanship of the Ray Powell Group, a KPMG client. Harrods
In April 2000, after he had said he would be leaving Parliament the following year, he joined the board of Harrods Ltd as a non-executive director with the prior consent of the leader of the Conservative Party. His constituency association wrote that his private business interests were entirely a matter for himself. <mask>'s contract with Harrods was submitted to and approved by the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards

After leaving Parliament in 2001, <mask>'s role at Harrods was upgraded to external affairs director in which capacity he met the prime minister of Thailand in Bangkok six times, the presidents of Pakistan and Chad and the King of Jordan. Having completed 21 months of his three-year contract at Harrods, however, <mask> identified an irregularity in the company's business in Thailand.He left the board with the balance of his three-year contract paid in full. International negotiation
In 2003-04 working under the aegis of the Foreign & Commonwealth Office <mask> negotiated for Lloyd's of London insurers the settlement with the state of Libya of outstanding Lockerbie claims brought by the hull insurers of Pan Am 103 and by Pan Am's trustee in bankruptcy; and in 2005-06 he negotiated with the UN Compensation Commission in Geneva the payment to British insurers of claims arising from Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait. These international settlements brought into the UK more than $260 million that had been in dispute since the early 1990s. Political career

1982 - 1987
<mask> joined the Conservative Party’s approved candidates list in 1982. He applied for two seats, Stratford upon Avon and Solihull, reaching the final shortlist for both and was then selected for Bexhill and Battle, winning the seat in the 1983 general election. In late 1983 he was appointed to the Trade and Industry Select Committee and in early 1984 he was made Parliamentary Private Secretary to Kenneth Clarke, Minister for Health and then to Norman Fowler, Secretary of State for Health and Social Services. Wardle campaigned with neighbouring MPs for local hospitals, by-passes and rail electrification; and campaigned unsuccessfully but with local acclaim to keep the Royal Greenwich Observatory at Herstmonceux.1987 - 1992
After the 1987 general election <mask> declined the invitation to continue as a Parliamentary Private Secretary; was appointed to the Treasury Select Committee; was made chairman of the Conservative Party’s One Nation Forum; and joined the executive committee of the European Atlantic Alliance. In 1991 he spoke for the Party in Hong Kong, Taiwan, New Zealand and California. Later that year he resumed as a Parliamentary Private Secretary, to Ian Lang, Secretary of State for Scotland. 1992 - 1997
After the 1992 general election <mask> was appointed Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Home Office as Immigration Minister. He also had  Commons responsibility for the Police and the Fire Service which were led by Lord Ferrers in the Lords. <mask> took the Asylum and Immigration Appeals Bill through its Commons stages; reviewed entry clearance procedures in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Hong Kong; and deputised for the Home Secretary at EU Councils of Interior and Justice Ministers in Copenhagen, Athens, Thessaloniki, Brussels and Luxembourg. He took a Police Bill through its standing committee stage; chaired the National Board for Crime Prevention; and chaired meetings of Fire Service chief officers and the Fire Brigades Union.Moved to the Department of Trade and Industry in July 1994, <mask> led trade delegations to the United States, Canada, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Sweden. As an Energy Minister he participated in the 16thand 17throunds of North Sea oil and gas licensing; addressed the World Energy Conference at Cartagena; and signed the Energy Charter Treaty in Lisbon. He was also the Government sponsor minister for Birmingham, Walsall and the Black Country. In 1995, after private correspondence and personal exchanges with Prime Minister John Major over fifteen months, <mask> resigned from the Government to speak independently to the whole political audience on the need to preserve British border controls within the framework of the European Treaty. The Sunday Express, Daily Telegraph, Daily Mail, The Times, Sunday Times and Independent on Sunday all supported <mask>'s reasons for his resignation. The issue <mask> raised, to keep in place British immigration controls on non-EU nationals coming to the UK from mainland Europe, was achieved by an opt-out for the UK in European Treaty law at the Amsterdam Intergovernmental Conference in 1997 by the new Labour Government who acknowledged <mask>'s campaign. Having left the Government, <mask> sat on the Public Accounts Committee; was an international observer at Chita, Siberia as an international observer for the 1996 Russian Presidential Election; and joined a Conservative Central Office team of election advisers to the President of Moldova.1997 - 2001
After the 1997 general election <mask> re-joined the Public Accounts Committee; with a member of the Defence Select Committee he attended a Moscow conference with senior Russian military personnel to discuss budgetary control of military field operations; he was part of a Parliamentary delegation to the US Senate, the IMF and the Federal Reserve; spoke for the Conservative Party in the Czech Republic; visited Taipei as a guest of the Taiwanese Government; was an Evelyn Wrench Fellowship speaker for the English Speaking Union in the USA; and gave lectures to the Civil Service College. In January 2000 <mask> was re-adopted unanimously by his constituency association for the next general election expected the following year. In April 2000, however, he informed his association executive that with great personal regret he and his wife had changed their minds about continuing for another Parliament because he needed to revert to his business career to make long-term financial provision after serious illness in their family. In July 2000 the Bexhill and Battle constituency association interviewed for a new Parliamentary candidate for the next election, having asked <mask> to comment on their list of 186 applicants. <mask> wrote congratulating his successor, but in November 2000 a group of <mask>'s senior local Conservative supporters voiced concern about the new candidate's recent employment in Moscow and the origins of money he had obtained offshore. Without the Conservative whip at the close of his 18-year Parliamentary career for persisting with questions about Greg Barker’s Russian activities, after the dissolution of Parliament <mask> was approached by Nigel Farage with whom he had no previous contact whatsoever. He met Farage who decided at the last minute to stand in Bexhill and Battle.During Farage’s campaign <mask> told the local press: "I am a Conservative who has decided to lend my support to Farage at this election". During the 2001-05 Parliament <mask> was invited to discuss immigration controls with Tony Blair. He discussed technical issues of immigration control, notably the growing problem of illegal overstayers, with three of Blair's Home Secretaries. At the 2005 general election he attended a press conference to demolish a far-fetched Opposition claim that more than 200 UK ports of entry would be manned for immigration control. Since he left Parliament in 2001 <mask> has not been a member of any political party. From time to time he is consulted on immigration controls. He voted Leave in the 2016 referendum.Personal life
<mask> and <mask> live at Whitehall Court, London SW1 with a second home at Cranbrook, Kent. Their daughter, Dr <mask> is an academic and poet with five collections of poetry published by Bloodaxe Books. <mask> is a member of the Travellers Club and the Farmers Club. References

External links

1939 births
Alumni of Lincoln College, Oxford
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Harvard Business School alumni
Living people
People educated at Tonbridge School
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001

masks:
Charles Frederick Wardle
Charles Wardle
Frederick Maclean Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Wardle
Charles
Lesley Wardle
Sarah Wardle
Wardle


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<mask> is a Filipino poet, fictionist, author, and filmmaker. Writing in Hiligaynon, he is a Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature Hall of Fame Awardee, the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) Literary Grant, and the All-Western Visayas Literary Contest (National Commission for Culture and the Arts) winner. In 2015, he became the first Filipino author to be invited to the Sharjah International Book Fair in the United Arab Emirates. Writing in English, Filipino, and Hiligaynon, he has authored at least 20 books, and has written screenplays. He wrote and edited newspapers in Iloilo City before becoming a nurse in the United States. As an actor, <mask> briefly appeared in Tikoy Aguiluz's film on cybersex, www.XXX.com, of which he was also the assistant director. He has also written, produced, and directed a full-length feature film in Hiligaynon, Gugma sa Panahon sang Bakunawa (Love in the Time of the Bakunawa), which was a finalist at the 1st Sineng Pambansa National Film Competition of the Film Development Council of the Philippines.<mask> resides in Reisterstown, Maryland, and continues to write in at least three languages. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born on January 6, 1969 and raised in the coastal town of Dumangas, Iloilo, Philippines. He is the eldest among five siblings and his parents were both public school teachers. <mask> attended primary school at the Dumangas Central Elementary School, completed his secondary education at the Dumangas Polytechnic College (now Iloilo State College of Fisheries), where he was consistently a first honor student from grade school to high school. He finished his bachelor of science degree in Biology from the University of the Philippines in the Visayas, where he was named Most Outstanding Student (1989) and Most Outstanding Graduate of 1990. He also received the President’s Award of Merit as Outstanding Student in his graduation year. While at school, <mask> honed his talent for writing.Under his editorship, he led the UPV College of Arts and Sciences' official publication, Pagbutlak (Sunrise) to become the region’s best at the 1989 College Press Awards. <mask> also had attended the SVD Christ the King Mission Seminary in Quezon City where he took an Associate in Philosophy degree in 1992-1993. In 2004, he earned his Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree from the West Negros College (now West Negros University) in Bacolod, Negros Occidental. Writing career

Early works
After the EDSA Revolution of 1986, <mask> found himself in a new wave of Philippine literature. There was a resurgence of interest in nationalistic writing. At U.P., <mask> was lucky to meet Leoncio Deriada (2001 Palanca Hall of Fame awardee) who encouraged him to write in Hiligaynon. <mask> won his first national award in writing for his poetry in Hiligaynon, Mga Ambahanon kag Pangamuyo sang Bata nga Nalimtan sa Wayang (Songs and Prayers of a Child Forgotten in the Fields)in 1992.For his performance poetry Si Eva, si Delilah, si Ruth, kag ang Alput (Eva, Delilah, Ruth, and the Prostitute) at the Premio Operiano Italia, he was named Hari sang Binalaybay (King of Hiligaynon Poetry) in 1993, a title he held until 1998. During his student activism days at the university, he wrote his first book, I Flew a Kite for Pepe, in 1993. He admits, “I cringe now at my boldness to call it poetry then but I always thought that the book had a big heart. I still cry when I read it.” It was followed by his earth song and hymn to the planet, First Few Notes of a Green Symphony. Transition
While working as a religious missionary in Macau, <mask> became more introspective and started his memoirs. The Essential Thoughts of a Purple Cat was published by Giraffe Books in 1996; Moon River, Butterflies and Me in 1997; and My Life as a Hermit again by Giraffe in 1998. In 1995, he won the NCCA Western Visayas Poetry Competition for his collection Umanhon nga Gugma (Love of the Rural Folks).Some of the poems were translated, reworked, and included in his provocative collection, Rated R (Giraffe Books, 1997). <mask> published four titles in 1997: the playful poetry collection Shy Evocations of Childhood and Other Poems that Came under Hypnosis, and Rated R for Giraffe; Shorts, a collection of haiku-like poems, and the memoir Moon River, Butterflies and Me for New Day. He won his first Palanca gold medal for his magical realist Hiligaynon Short Story Lirio about a deaf-mute who is a victim of marital rape. Furthermore, his first screenplay, Buyong, about a Katipunero revolutionary from Aklan won third prize in the screenplay category of the Centennial Literary Prize. Later that year, his second screenplay, Tayo na sa Buwan (Let’s Go to the Moon), won an honorable mention at the Film Development Foundation of the Philippines. Eventually, he started his own publishing company and produced A Loneliness Greater than Love (2000), an exploration of homoerotic themes; and Fantasia (2000), a collection of his Palanca-winning fiction. In 2001, he published Rain as Gentle as Tears, a sequel to his 1997 Shorts collection, and The Prince of Ngoyngoy (The Prince of Sob), a collection of lyric poems in Hiligaynon that established <mask> as the Ilonggo epitome of emotional poetry.In 2003, he launched Pierre: The Magazine of <mask>is Nery. It delivered three monthly issues. When opportunity came in 2006, he went to the United States to work as a nurse. For 100 days in 2005, <mask> endeavored to write 100 erotic sonnets in Hiligaynon. He called it Kakunyag (Thrill). It was launched during the National Arts Month 2006 in Iloilo, and was serialized in a newspaper. He won a Palanca in 2006 for his Hiligaynon psycho-thriller short story, Ang Kapid (The Twins).The win provided him another encouragement to persevere in writing in the Hiligaynon. In 2007, <mask> won his second Palanca gold for his historical Hiligaynon Short Story Candido, about the anting-anting (amulet) of the revolutionary Candido Iban. The following year, he won his third Palanca gold for his play in English, The Passion of Jovita Fuentes, about the tragic love of the first Filipino international opera diva and first female National Artist in Music. <mask> also completed translation of his 100 Erotic Sonnets in the Hiligaynon into English in 2008. Nursing career
<mask> enrolled in Nursing as he continued to write for the newspaper. He graduated his Bachelor of Science in Nursing in October 2004. He went to the United States in February 2006 and became a Registered Nurse in California in May of the same year and started working as an orthopedic nurse in Los Angeles in 2007.In October 2008, he was given various awards for his commitment to his nursing profession including the Daisy Award for Extraordinary Nurses. Peter Solis Nery Foundation
The Peter Solis Nery Foundation, or The Peter Solis Nery Foundation for Hiligaynon Literature and the Arts, Inc. was established in September 2012 by <mask>, right after his induction into the Palanca Awards Hall of Fame. The foundation, which aims to promote, preserve, and propagate Hiligaynon literature, and Filipino art and culture, through research, publications, productions, education, and cultural dissemination, was incorporated by the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission on November 5, 2012. Following immediately, the foundation created the Peter’s Prize for Excellence in Hiligaynon Writing that first gave out awards in September 2013. In May 2014, the foundation sponsored a month-long online Hiligaynon poetry workshop called Poem-a-thon with <mask> <mask>. In August 2014, the foundation published five anthology books of new Hiligaynon writings culled from the Peter’s Prize competitions and the Poem-a-thon workshop. Personal life
<mask> is gay, and was married to an American man from 2008 until the latter's death when <mask> was 46.<mask> is a Roman Catholic despite the church’s stand on homosexuality. Published works
I Flew a Kite for Maria (New Day Publishers. Quezon City: 1993.) First Few Notes of a Green Symphony (Giraffe Books. Quezon City: 1994.) The Essential Thoughts of a Purple Cat (Giraffe Books. Quezon City: 1996.)Rated R (Giraffe Books. Quezon City: 1997.) Shorts (New Day Publishers. Quezon City: 1997.) Moon River, Butterflies, and Me (New Day Publishers. Quezon City: 1997.) Shy Evocations of Childhood (Giraffe Books.Quezon City: 1997.) My Life as a Hermit (Giraffe Books. Quezon City: 1998.) Fireflies for a Yuppie (Giraffe Books. Quezon City: 1998.) A Loneliness Greater than Love (DreamWings Publishing. Iloilo: 2000.)Fantasia (DreamWings Publishing. Iloilo: 2000.) Rain as Gentle as Tears (DreamWings Publishing. Iloilo: 2001.) The Prince of Ngoyngoy (DreamWings Publishing. Iloilo: 2001.) The Passion of Jovita Fuentes (New Day Publishers.Quezon City: 2009.) 100 Erotic Sonnets from the Hiligaynon (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2010.) Love in the Time of the Bakunawa (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2012.) If the Shoe Fits: Or, The Five Men Imelda Marcos Meets in Heaven (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2012.)Cory, Full of Grace (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2012)
Kakunyag: Erotic Sonnets in Hiligaynon (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2012)
Stories in a Mellifluous Language (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2012)
<mask>’s Prize Very, Very Short Stories in Hiligaynon (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2014)
<mask>’s Prize Love Poems in Hiligaynon (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2014)
Peter’s Prize Children’s Stories and Poems in Hiligaynon (CreateSpace. U.S.A.:2014)
<mask>’s Prize The Saddest Love Stories Ever Told in Hiligaynon (CreateSpace.U.S.A.: 2014)
The Poem-a-thon Anthology: Mga Binalaybay sang Mayo 2014 (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2014)
The Passion of Jovita Fuentes: International edition (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2015)
Welcome to Grindr (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2016)
Creative Writing: DIWA Senior High School Series (Diwa Learning Systems, Inc. Makati City: 2017)
At My Father's Wake: 10 Elegies in 3 Languages (CreateSpace. U.S.A.: 2019)
After: Prose Poems (KDP. U.S.A.: 2019)
Funny, Sad, and Dangerous (KDP.

masks:
Peter Solis Nery
Nery
Nery
Peter Solis
Nery
Peter
Peter
Peter
Peter
Peter
Peter
Peter
Peter
Peter
Peter Sol
Peter
Peter
Peter
Nery
Nery
Peter Solis
Nery
Nery
Nery
Nery
Peter
Peter
Peter


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<mask> (born July 12, 1976) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the National Hockey League (NHL). Undrafted, <mask> played in the NHL for the Florida Panthers, the Tampa Bay Lightning, with whom he won the Stanley Cup in 2004, the San Jose Sharks and the New York Rangers. Collegiate Career
<mask> played junior hockey for the Gloucester Rangers of the Canadian Junior Hockey League and signed to play US college hockey for Miami University of the CCHA. <mask> established himself quickly, making the First-Team All-Rookie team in 1994-95, the All-CCHA First Team in 1996-97 and 1997-98, and being named a First-Team All-American in both 1997 and 1998. He was Miami's record holder for goals in a game by a defenseman (3) and points in a season by a defenseman (54). During his career, he ranked second at Miami in career assists (107), ninth in career points (147) and third in assists in a season (43 in 1997). In 1996-97, <mask> helped Miami to a 27-12-1 (.688) mark and the program's second ever appearance in the NCAA Tournament.<mask> was named to the Miami University Athletic Hall of Fame in 2007. Professional career

Florida Panthers
Undrafted in any NHL Entry Draft after four years of college hockey at Miami University, the under-sized defender was signed as a free agent by the Florida Panthers on March 30, 1998. He played his first two seasons in the Panthers' farm system in the American Hockey League (AHL), earning All-Rookie Team honours in 1999, as well as Second Team All-Star honours in 1999 and 2000. <mask> earned a full-time roster spot with the Panthers in 2000–01, recording four goals and 22 points. Tampa Bay Lightning
The next season, his fourth in Florida, <mask> was traded to the Tampa Bay Lightning in exchange for a 2003 fifth-round draft pick (Martin Tůma) on January 7, 2002. After completing the season with 20 points in 41 games after coming over from the Panthers, he was re-signed to a one-year contract by the Lightning on August 6, 2002. <mask> recorded 13 goals and 53 points in his first full season with the Lightning in 2002–03 before helping the team to the 2004 Stanley Cup championship.Due to the 2004–05 NHL lockout, <mask> went overseas to play for Djurgårdens IF of the Swedish Elitserien. As NHL play resumed the next season, <mask> continued to produce with a 15-goal, 53-point season in 2005–06. He recorded his first career NHL hat-trick against the New York Rangers on December 23, 2006, adding an assist for a four-point game in a 4–3 win. The following season, <mask> elevated his game to career-high numbers of 20 goals, 43 assists and 63 points, good enough for Second Team All-Star honours. <mask> suffered a major setback, however, in September 2007, injuring himself in a freak accident after a pre-season game when a skate slipped off a hook in his locker and hit him in the left wrist, severing three tendons. <mask> underwent initial wrist surgery on September 23; he attempted to return on October 29, but after playing his first four games of the 2007–08 season, <mask> underwent additional surgery on the injured wrist, missing another 36 games. He did not make a full comeback until January 24, 2008, scoring two goals in his return, and soon thereafter was re-signed to a six-year, $40 million contract extension on February 25.He completed his injury-shortened campaign with 25 points in 37 games. San Jose Sharks
Despite coming off a recent contract extension with the Lightning, on July 4, 2008, <mask> was traded, along with Brad Lukowich, to the San Jose Sharks in exchange for Matt Carle, Ty Wishart, a first-round draft pick in 2009 and a fourth-round draft pick in 2010. <mask> was pressured to waive his no-trade clause by Tampa Bay's new ownership, who said they would otherwise place him on waivers, where he would likely be claimed by the Atlanta Thrashers. Already knowing Joe Thornton, Patrick Marleau and Evgeni Nabokov, <mask> agreed to be traded to the Sharks. In his first season with the Sharks, <mask> tallied 16 goals and 57 points over 77 games, leading all team defencemen. The following season, on December 31, 2009, <mask> scored his 100th career NHL goal against the Phoenix Coyotes in a 3–2 shootout win. He finished the campaign with 15 goals and 58 points.In the opening series of the 2010 playoffs, <mask> ended game three against the Colorado Avalanche in overtime by inadvertently shooting the puck into his own net. Pressured by Avalanche forward Ryan O'Reilly, <mask> attempted to ring the puck around the boards behind his net, but it was deflected by O'Reilly into the Sharks' net between Evgeni Nabokov's pad and the post. Nonetheless, the Sharks won the series 4–2, winning Games 4, 5 and 6; <mask> had a point in all three games. In the first period of the October 15, 2013, against the St. Louis Blues, <mask> was checked from behind by Maxim Lapierre into the boards, injuring his jaw and knocking him unconscious; the incident led to a fight involving teammate Matt Pelech and 17 minutes worth of penalties for Andrew Desjardins. <mask> was taken off the ice via stretcher to a local hospital, and would miss the following game against the Dallas Stars. He returned on November 2, in a game against the Phoenix Coyotes, scoring a goal in a shootout loss. After the conclusion of the 2013–14 season, Sharks general manager Doug Wilson announced that pending free agent <mask> would not be returning to San Jose for the 2014–15 season.On June 5, the Sharks traded his rights to the New York Islanders for a conditional 2015 fifth-round pick. New York Rangers
Unable to come to terms with the Islanders, <mask> opted to head to free agency, and on July 1, 2014, he signed a two-year contract with the New York Rangers. On October 5, 2016, <mask> announced his retirement from the NHL. <mask> scored 164 goals and 605 points over 1,093 NHL games with four teams. In his retirement statement <mask> said, "I've been fortunate and blessed to have had the opportunity to do what I most love to do. All I wanted to do as a young boy was have the opportunity to play ONE game in the NHL. Over a thousand games later, this whole experience seems surreal.I want to thank all four organizations for the opportunity, my teammates and the FANS for this amazing run that I will cherish forever." <mask> stated that he will live in the San Jose area with his family. International play

<mask> made his international debut with Canada at the 2005 World Championships in Austria during the 2004–05 NHL lockout. He contributed three assists in nine games as part of a silver medal-winning effort by Canada; they were defeated 3–0 in the gold medal game by the Czech Republic. The next year, <mask> was named as a reserve in light of injuries to Scott Niedermayer and Ed Jovanovski for Team Canada at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. He did not appear in a game, however, as Team Canada was kept off the podium. On December 30, 2009, team Canada general manager Steve Yzerman named <mask> to the 2010 Winter Olympic team as a full member.On February 28, 2010, the team defeated the United States to win Canada's eighth gold medal in Olympic men's hockey. Personal life
<mask> and his now ex wife Amber have two daughters together. The family resides in Los Gatos, California. Growing up, <mask> attended French-speaking École élémentaire Sainte-Anne and École secondaire publique De La Salle in Ottawa. During Game 1 of the 2004 Stanley Cup Finals with the Tampa Bay Lightning against the Calgary Flames, an electrical fire broke out in his Florida home, causing an estimated $300,000 worth of damage. Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

Awards and honours

See also
List of NHL players with 1,000 games played

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Djurgårdens IF Hockey players
Florida Panthers players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Ice hockey players at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Louisville Panthers players
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Miami RedHawks men's ice hockey players
Miami University alumni
National Hockey League All-Stars
New York Rangers players
Olympic gold medalists for Canada
Olympic ice hockey players of Canada
Olympic medalists in ice hockey
San Jose Sharks players
Sportspeople from Ottawa
Stanley Cup champions
Tampa Bay Lightning players
Undrafted National Hockey League players
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Sweden
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<mask> (; born April 2, 1947) is an American feminist academic and social critic. <mask> has been a professor at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, since 1984. She is critical of many aspects of modern culture and is the author of Sexual Personae: Art and Decadence from Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson (1990) and other books. She is also a critic of contemporary American feminism and of post-structuralism, as well as a commentator on multiple aspects of American culture such as its visual art, music, and film history. Personal life
<mask> was born in Endicott, New York, the eldest child of Pasquale and Lydia Anne (née Colapietro) <mask>. All four of her grandparents were born in Italy. Her mother emigrated to the United States at five years old from Ceccano, in the province of Frosinone, Lazio, Italy.Paglia has stated that her father's side of the family was from the Campanian towns of Avellino, Benevento, and Caserta. <mask> was raised Roman Catholic, and attended primary school in rural Oxford, New York, where her family lived in a working farmhouse. Her father, a veteran of World War II, taught at the Oxford Academy high school and exposed his young daughter to art through books he brought home about French art history. In 1957, her family moved to Syracuse, New York, so that her father could begin graduate school; he eventually became a professor of Romance languages at Le Moyne College. She attended the Edward Smith Elementary School, T. Aaron Levy Junior High, and William Nottingham High School. In 1992, Carmelia Metosh, her Latin teacher for three years, said, "She always has been controversial. Whatever statements were being made (in class), she had to challenge them.She made good points then, as she does now." <mask> thanked Metosh in the acknowledgements to Sexual Personae, later describing her as "the dragon lady of Latin studies, who breathed fire at principals and school boards". During her stays at a summer Girl Scout camp in Thendara, New York, she took on a variety of new names, including Anastasia (her confirmation name, inspired by the film Anastasia), Stacy, and Stanley. A crucially significant event for her was when an outhouse exploded after she poured too much quicklime into the latrine. "That symbolized everything I would do with my life and work. Excess and extravagance and explosiveness. I would be someone who would look into the latrine of culture, into pornography and crime and psychopathology ... and I would drop the bomb into it".For more than a decade, <mask> was the partner of artist Alison Maddex. <mask> legally adopted Maddex's son (who was born in 2002). In 2007, the couple separated but remained "harmonious co-parents," in the words of <mask>, who lived two miles apart. <mask> describes herself as transgender. Education
<mask> entered Harpur College at Binghamton University in 1964. The same year, <mask>'s poem "Atrophy" was published in the local newspaper. She later said that she was trained to read literature by poet Milton Kessler, who "believed in the responsiveness of the body, and of the activation of the senses to literature ... And oh did I believe in that".She graduated from Harpur as class valedictorian in 1968. According to <mask>, while in college she punched a "marauding drunk," and takes pride in having been put on probation for committing 39 pranks. <mask> attended Yale as a graduate student, and she claims to have been the only open lesbian at Yale Graduate School from 1968 to 1972. At Yale, Paglia quarreled with Rita Mae Brown, whom she later characterized as "then darkly nihilist," and argued with the New Haven, Connecticut, Women's Liberation Rock Band when they dismissed the Rolling Stones as sexist. <mask> was mentored by Harold Bloom. Sexual Personae was then titled "The Androgynous Dream: the image of the androgyne as it appears in literature and is embodied in the psyche of the artist, with reference to the visual arts and the cinema." Paglia read Susan Sontag and aspired to emulate what she called her "celebrity, her positioning in the media world at the border of the high arts and popular culture."<mask> first saw Sontag in person on October 15, 1969 (Vietnam Moratorium Day), when <mask>, then a Yale graduate student, was visiting a friend at Princeton. In 1973, <mask>, a militant feminist and open lesbian, was working at her first academic job at Bennington College. She considered Sontag a radical who had challenged male dominance. The same year, <mask> drove to an appearance by Sontag at Dartmouth, hoping to arrange for her to speak at Bennington, but found it difficult to find the money for Sontag's speaking fee; <mask> relied on help from Richard Tristman, a friend of Sontag's, to persuade her to come. Bennington College agreed to pay Sontag $700 (twice what they usually offered speakers but only half Sontag's usual fee) to give a talk about contemporary issues. <mask> staged a poster campaign urging students to attend Sontag's appearance. Sontag arrived at Bennington Carriage Barn, where she was to speak, more than an hour late, and then began reading what <mask> recalled as a "boring and bleak" short story about "nothing" in the style of a French New Novel.As a result of Sontag's Bennington College appearance, <mask> began to become disenchanted with her, believing that she had withdrawn from confrontation with the academic world, and that her "mandarin disdain" for popular culture showed an elitism that betrayed her early work, which had suggested that high and low culture both reflected a new sensibility. Career
In the autumn of 1972, <mask> began teaching at Bennington College, which hired her in part thanks to a recommendation from Harold Bloom. At Bennington, she befriended the philosopher James Fessenden, who first taught there in the same semester. Through her study of the classics and the scholarly work of Jane Ellen Harrison, James George Frazer, Erich Neumann and others, Paglia developed a theory of sexual history that contradicted a number of ideas fashionable at the time, hence her criticism of Marija Gimbutas, Carolyn Heilbrun, Kate Millett and others. She laid out her ideas on matriarchy, androgyny, homosexuality, sadomasochism and other topics in her Yale PhD thesis Sexual Personae: The Androgyne in Literature and Art, which she defended in December 1974. In September 1976, she gave a public lecture drawing on that dissertation, in which she discussed Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene, followed by remarks on Diana Ross, Gracie Allen, Yul Brynner, and Stéphane Audran. <mask> wrote that she "nearly came to blows with the founding members of the women's studies program at the State University of New York at Albany, when they categorically denied that hormones influence human experience or behavior".Similar fights with feminists and academics culminated in a 1978 incident which led her to resign from Bennington; after a lengthy standoff with the administration, <mask> accepted a settlement from the college and resigned in 1979. <mask> finished Sexual Personae in the early 1980s, but could not get it published. She supported herself with visiting and part-time teaching jobs at Yale, Wesleyan, and other Connecticut colleges. Her paper, "The Apollonian Androgyne and the Faerie Queene", was published in English Literary Renaissance, Winter 1979, and her dissertation was cited by J. Hillis Miller in his April 1980 article "Wuthering Heights and the Ellipses of Interpretation", in Journal of Religion in Literature, but her academic career was otherwise stalled. In a 1995 letter to Boyd Holmes, she recalled: "I earned a little extra money by doing some local features reporting for a New Haven alternative newspaper (The Advocate) in the early 1980s". She wrote articles on New Haven's historic pizzerias and on an old house that was a stop on the Underground Railroad. In 1984, she joined the faculty of the Philadelphia College of Performing Arts, which merged in 1987 with the Philadelphia College of Art to become the University of the Arts.<mask> is on the editorial board of the classics and humanities journal Arion. She wrote a regular column for Salon.com from 1995 to 2001, and again from 2007 to 2009. <mask> resumed writing a Salon.com column in 2016. <mask> cooperated with Carl Rollyson and Lisa Paddock in their writing of Susan Sontag: The Making of an Icon, sending them detailed letters from which they quoted with her permission. Rollyson and Paddock note that Sontag "had her lawyer put our publisher on notice" when she realized that they were investigating her life and career. <mask> participates in the decennial poll of film professionals conducted by Sight & Sound which asks participants to submit a list of what they believe to be the ten greatest films of all time. According to her responses to the poll in 2002 and 2012, the films <mask> holds in highest regard include Ben-Hur, Citizen Kane, La Dolce Vita, The Godfather, The Godfather: Part II, Gone with the Wind, Lawrence of Arabia, North by Northwest, Orphée, Persona, 2001: A Space Odyssey, The Ten Commandments, and Vertigo.In 2005, <mask> was named as one of the top 100 public intellectuals by the journals Foreign Policy and Prospect. In 2012, an article in The New York Times remarked that  who has been following the body count of the culture wars over the past decades knows <mask>". <mask> has said that she is willing to have her entire career judged on the basis of her composition of what she considers to be "probably the most important sentence that she has ever written": "God is man's greatest idea." Views

Feminism
Though <mask> admires Simone de Beauvoir and The Second Sex ("the supreme work of modern feminism ... its deep learning and massive argument are unsurpassed") as well as Germaine Greer, Time critic Martha Duffy writes that <mask> "does not hesitate to hurl brazen insults" at several feminists. In an interview, <mask> stated that to be effective, one has to "name names"; criticism should be concrete. <mask> stated that many critics "escape into abstractions", rendering their criticism "intellectualized and tame". <mask> accused Greer of becoming "a drone in three years" as a result of her early success; Paglia has also criticized the work of activist Diana Fuss.Elaine Showalter calls <mask> "unique in the hyperbole and virulence of her hostility to virtually all the prominent feminist activists, public figures, writers and scholars of her generation", mentioning Carolyn Heilbrun, Judith Butler, Carol Gilligan, Marilyn French, Zoe Baird, Kimba Wood, Susan Thomases, and Hillary Clinton as targets of her criticism. <mask> has accused Kate Millett of starting "the repressive, Stalinist style in feminist criticism." <mask> has repeatedly criticized Patricia Ireland, former president of the National Organization for Women (NOW), calling her a "sanctimonious", unappealing role model for women whose "smug, arrogant" attitude is accompanied by "painfully limited processes of thought". <mask> contends that under Ireland's leadership, NOW "damaged and marginalized the women's movement". In 1999, Martha Nussbaum wrote an essay called "The Professor of Parody", in which she criticized Judith Butler for retreating to abstract theory disconnected from real world problems. <mask> reacted to the essay by stating that the criticism was "long overdue", but characterized the criticism as "one PC diva turning against another". She criticized Nussbaum for failing to make her criticisms earlier while accusing her of borrowing Paglia's ideas without acknowledgement.She called Nussbaum's "preparation or instinct for sex analysis ... dubious at best", but nevertheless stated that "Nussbaum is a genuine scholar who operates on a vastly higher intellectual level than Butler". Many feminists have criticized <mask>; Christina Hoff Sommers calls her "Perhaps the most conspicuous target of feminist opprobrium," noting that the Women's Review of Books described Sexual Personae as patriarchy's "counter-assault on feminism". Sommers relates that when <mask> appeared at a Brown University forum, feminists signed a petition censuring her and demanding an investigation into procedures for inviting speakers to the campus. Some feminist critics have characterized <mask> as an "anti-feminist feminist", critical of central features of much contemporary feminism but holding out "her own special variety of feminist affirmation". Naomi Wolf traded a series of sometimes personal attacks with <mask> throughout the early 1990s. In The New Republic, Wolf wrote that <mask> "poses as a sexual renegade but is in fact the most dutiful of patriarchal daughters" and characterized <mask> as intellectually dishonest. In a 1991 speech, <mask> criticized Wolf for blaming anorexia on the media.Gloria Steinem said of <mask> that, "Her calling herself a feminist is sort of like a Nazi saying they're not anti-Semitic." <mask> called Steinem "the Stalin of feminism". Katha Pollitt calls <mask> one of a "seemingly endless parade of social critics [who] have achieved celebrity by

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 portraying not sexism but feminism as the problem". Pollitt writes that <mask> has glorified "male dominance", and has been able to get away with things "that might make even Rush Limbaugh blanch," because she is a woman. <mask>'s view that rape is sexually motivated has been endorsed by evolutionary psychologists Randy Thornhill and Craig T. Palmer; they comment that "<mask> ... urges women to be skeptical toward the feminist 'party line' on the subject, to become better informed about risk factors, and to use the information to lower their risk of rape". In an essay critiquing the Hollywood/celebrity fad of "Girl Squads", made popular in 2015 by pop-icons like Taylor Swift, <mask> argued that rather than empowering women the cliquish practice actually harms the self-esteem of those who are not rich, famous, or attractive enough to belong to the group, while further defining women only by a very narrow, often sexualized stereotype. She challenged that to be truly empowering, these groups need to mentor, advise, and be more inclusive, for more women to realize their true, individual potential.Transgender people
<mask> identifies as transgender. She reports having gender dysphoria since childhood, and says that "never once in my life have I felt female". She says that she was "donning flamboyant male costumes from early childhood on". Nevertheless, <mask> says that she is "highly skeptical about the current transgender wave" which she thinks has been produced by "far more complicated psychological and sociological factors than current gender discourse allows". She writes that "In a democracy, everyone, no matter how nonconformist or eccentric, should be free from harassment and abuse. But at the same time, no one deserves special rights, protections, or privileges on the basis of their eccentricity." <mask>'s views led to a petition demanding University of the Arts to remove her from their faculty, but the university rejected it.<mask> considered it "a publicity stunt" and praised the university's "eloquent statement affirming academic freedom [as] a landmark in contemporary education." Climate change

<mask> has long rejected global warming, which she describes as "the political agenda that has slowly accrued" around the issue of climate change. In a 2017 interview with The Weekly Standard, <mask> stated, "It is certainly ironic how liberals who posture as defenders of science when it comes to global warming (a sentimental myth unsupported by evidence) flee all reference to biology when it comes to gender." French academia
<mask> is critical of the influence modern French writers have had on the humanities, claiming that universities are in the "thrall" of French post-structuralists; that in the works of Jean Baudrillard, Jacques Derrida, Jacques Lacan and Michel Foucault, she never once found a sentence that interested her. François Cusset writes that <mask>, like other major American public intellectuals after World War II, owes her broader recognition mainly to the political repercussions of polemics that first erupted on college campuses, in her case to a polemic against foreign intellectualism. He says she achieved phenomenal success when she called Foucault a "bastard", thereby providing (together with Alan Sokal's Social Text parody) the best evidence for Paul de Man's view that theory should be defined negatively, based on the opposition it arouses. However, <mask>'s assessment of French writers is not purely negative.She has called Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex (1949) "brilliant" and identified Jean-Paul Sartre's work as part of a high period in literature. <mask> has praised Roland Barthes's Mythologies (1957) and Gilles Deleuze's Masochism: Coldness and Cruelty (1967), while finding both men's later work flawed. Of Gaston Bachelard, who influenced <mask>, she wrote "[his] dignified yet fluid phenomenological descriptive method seemed to me ideal for art", adding that he was "the last modern French writer I took seriously". Politics
<mask> characterizes herself as a libertarian. She opposes laws against prostitution, pornography, drugs, and abortion. She is also opposed to affirmative action laws. Some of her views have been characterized as conservative, although when asked in 2017 if she considers herself a cultural Conservative she replied: "No, not at all.... Conservative would mean I was cleaving to something past which was great, and no longer is.... and usually I'm not saying we should return to anything.I do believe we're moving inexorably into the future." <mask> criticized Bill Clinton for not resigning after the Monica Lewinsky scandal, which she says "paralyzed the government for two years, leading directly to our blindsiding by 9/11". In the 2000 U.S. presidential campaign, she voted for the Green Party candidate Ralph Nader "[because] I detest the arrogant, corrupt superstructure of the Democratic Party, with which I remain stubbornly registered." In the 2004 U.S. presidential election, Paglia supported John Kerry, and in 2008 she supported Barack Obama. In 2012, she supported Green Party candidate Jill Stein. <mask> was highly critical of 2016 presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, calling her a "fraud" and a "liar". Paglia refused to support either Hillary Clinton or Donald Trump in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, indicating in a March Salon column that if Hillary Clinton won the Democratic Party's nomination, she would either cast a write-in vote for Bernie Sanders or else vote for Green Party candidate Stein, as she did in 2012.<mask> later clarified in a statement that she would vote for Stein. In 2017, she stated that she is a registered Democrat who voted for Bernie Sanders in the 2016 Democratic primary and for Jill Stein in the 2016 general election. For the 2020 U.S. presidential election, <mask> criticized the Democratic Party for lacking a coherent message and a strong candidate. She disavowed Sanders as being "way too old and creaky" and retracted her initial support for Kamala Harris for missing "a huge opportunity to play a moderating, statesmanlike role." Citing the "need to project steadiness, substance, and warmth," <mask> expressed interest in Cheri Bustos and Steve Bullock as potential candidates. Child sexuality
In 1993, <mask> signed a manifesto supporting NAMBLA, a pederasty and pedophilia advocacy organization. In 1994, <mask> supported lowering the legal age of consent to 14.She noted in a 1995 interview with pro-pedophile activist Bill Andriette, "I fail to see what is wrong with erotic fondling with any age." In a 1997 Salon column, <mask> expressed the view that male pedophilia correlates with the heights of a civilization, stating "I have repeatedly protested the lynch-mob hysteria that dogs the issue of man-boy love. In Sexual Personae, I argued that male pedophilia is intricately intertwined with the cardinal moments of Western civilization." <mask> noted in several interviews, as well as Sexual Personae, that she supports the legalization of certain forms of child pornography. She later had a change of heart on the matter. In an interview for Radio New Zealand's Saturday Morning show, conducted on April 28, 2018 by Kim Hill, <mask> was asked, "Are you a libertarian on the issue of pedophilia? ", to which she replied, "In terms of the present day, I think it's absolutely impossible to think we could reproduce the Athenian code of pedophilia, of boy-love, that was central to culture at that time.... We must protect children, and I feel that very very strongly. The age of consent for sexual interactions between a boy and an older man is obviously disputed, at what point that should be. I used to think that fourteen (the way it is in some places in the world) was adequate. I no longer think that. I think young people need greater protection than that. ... This is one of those areas that we must confine to the realm of imagination and the history of the arts."Books

Sexual Personae

<mask>'s Sexual Personae was rejected by at least seven different publishers before it was published by Yale University Press, whereupon it became a best seller, reaching seventh place on the paperback best-seller list, a rare accomplishment for a scholarly book. '<mask> called it her "prison book", commenting, "I felt like Cervantes, Genet. It took all the resources of being Catholic to cut myself off and sit in my cell." Sexual Personae has been called an "energetic, Freud-friendly reading of Western art", one that seemed "heretical and perverse", at the height of political correctness; according to Daniel Nester, its characterization of "William Blake as the British Marquis de Sade or Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson as 'self-ruling hermaphrodites who cannot mate' still pricks up many an English major's ears". In the book, <mask> argues that human nature has an inherently dangerous Dionysian or chthonic aspect, especially in regard to sexuality. Culture and civilization are created by men and represent an attempt to contain that force. Women are powerful, too, but as natural forces, and both marriage and religion are means to contain chaotic forces.A best seller, it was described by Terry Teachout in a New York Times book review as being both "intellectually stimulating" and "exasperating". Sexual Personae received critical reviews from numerous feminist scholars. Anthony Burgess described Sexual Personae as "a fine disturbing book" that "seeks to attack the reader's emotions as well as his or her prejudices". Sex, Art and American Culture

Sex, Art and American Culture: Essays (1992) is a collection of short pieces, many published previously as editorials or reviews, and some transcripts of interviews. The essays cover such subjects as Madonna, Elizabeth Taylor, rock music, Robert Mapplethorpe, the Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination, rape, Marlon Brando, drag, Milton Kessler, and academia. It made The New York Times bestseller list for paperbacks. Vamps and Tramps
Vamps and Tramps: New Essays (1994) is a collection of 42 short articles and a long essay, "No Law in the Arena: a Pagan Theory of Sexuality".It also contains a collection of cartoons from newspapers about <mask>. Writing for The New York Times, Wendy Steiner wrote "Comic, camp, outspoken, Ms. <mask> throws an absurdist shoe into the ponderous wheels of academia". Michiko Kakutani, also writing for The New York Times, wrote: "Her writings on education ... are highly persuasive, just as some of her essays on the perils of regulating pornography and the puritanical excesses of the women's movement radiate a fierce common sense ... Unfortunately, Ms. <mask> has a way of undermining her more interesting arguments with flip, hyperbolic declarations". The Birds
In 1998, in commemoration of the 35th anniversary of the release of Alfred Hitchcock's film The Birds, the British Film Institute commissioned <mask> to write a book about the film. The book interprets the film as "in the main line of British Romanticism descending from the raw nature-tableaux and sinister femme-fatales of Coleridge". <mask> uses a psychoanalytic framework to interpret the film as portraying "a release of primitive forces of sex and appetite that have been subdued but never fully tamed".Break, Blow, Burn
Break, Blow, Burn: <mask> Reads Forty-three of the World's Best Poems (2005) is a collection of 43 short selections of verse with an accompanying essay by <mask>. The collection is oriented primarily to those unfamiliar with the works. Clive James wrote that <mask> tends to focus on American works as it moves from Shakespeare forward through time, with Yeats, following Coleridge, as the last European discussed, but emphasized her range of sympathy and her ability to juxtapose and unite distinct art forms in her analysis. Glittering Images

Glittering Images: A Journey Through Art from Egypt to Star Wars (2012) is a series of essays about notable works of art from ancient to modern times, published in October 2012. Writer John Adams of The New York Times Book Review was skeptical of the book, accusing it of being "so agenda driven and so riddled with polemic asides that its potential to persuade is forever being compromised". Gary Rosen of The Wall Street Journal, however, praised the book's "impressive range" and accessibility to readers. Free Women, Free Men

<mask>'s Free Women, Free Men: Sex, Gender, and Feminism was published by Pantheon in 2017.It is a series of essays from 1990 onward. Dwight Garner in The New York Times wrote <mask>'s essays address two main targets: modern feminism, which, <mask> writes, "has become a catchall vegetable drawer where bunches of clingy sob sisters can store their moldy neuroses," and modern American universities, of which she asks, "How is it possible that today’s academic left has supported rather than protested campus speech codes as well as the grotesque surveillance and overregulation of student life?" Provocations
<mask>'s fourth essay collection, Provocations: Collected Essays on Art, Feminism, Politics, Sex, and Education, was published by Pantheon on October

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Sir <mask> ( 1190/1195 – 1265), Provost of Beverley Minster, was a king's clerk and a judge. He served as chancellor to King Henry III and was England's first secretary of state. Life
His grandfather, Robert Mansel, was a Templar under Baron Gilbert de Lacy in Palestine. Robert led a small force of Welsh and Aquitanians by night to put to rout a much larger force of Turks under Sultan Nur ad-Din Zangi, at his camp outside Damascus during the reign of King Henry II. His father, Walter, a deacon, was Napkin Bearer to the King. <mask> is first heard of when he was sent from Scotland as orator from Alexander, King of Scotland in 1215 to the court of <mask>. As the son of a deacon under orders, his birth status periodically came into question eventually resulting in a letter from Pope Innocent IV ratified by Pope Alexander IV in 1259 stating "Approbation, addressed to <mask>, Chancellor of London, the King's Clerk, of the dispensation given to him, at the King's request, by Pope Innocent, to be ordained and promoted, notwithstanding that his mother married his father, a man of noble birth, not knowing that he was a deacon, and was accounted for the time being his lawful wife; his father, after some time, repenting, resumed his orders, a divorce having been declared by their diocesan.The dispensation is approved, even if his mother's plea of ignorance and the reputation of a lawful marriage cannot be sustained." <mask> became a favorite of the young King Henry III and was appointed to the vacant prebend of Thame by Henry, but Robert Grosseteste, a reforming bishop with strong feelings about ecclesiastical rights and privileges, refused to admit him. Reportedly, <mask> took the Thame church by force before giving up his claim to the prebend (a specific type of benefice). Grosseteste, having thus vindicated his right, bestowed upon Maunsell the more lucrative benefice of Maidstone. Despite the loss of the Thame benefice, Maunsell probably obtained more benefices than any other contemporary clergyman as he amassed his plurality. Maunsell's benefices included the livings of Haughley, Howden and Bawburgh and prebends of Tottenhall, South Malling and Chichester. He was also Provost of Beverley (1247), Chancellor of St. Paul's, London, Dean of Wimborn, Rector of Wigan, Papal chaplain, and King's chaplain.He fought with a contingent of English under Henry de Turbeville in the aid of Frederick II, King of Germany in the north of Italy in 1238. Frederick II was married to Henry's sister Isabella in 1235. He fought alongside Henry III in the Battle of Taillebourg during the Saintonge War (20–24 July 1242) and took Peter Orige, seneschal of the Count of Boulogne, prisoner. He was reckoned not least among brave men in this unsuccessful venture against Louis IX of France. He was seriously wounded while leading an assault in siege of the Verines monastery. During 1246 and 1247 he served as Lord Chancellor of England. <mask> established the Augustinian priory at Bilsington, near Romney in 1253 prudently reflecting that "the king's favour is not hereditary or worldly prosperity of lasting duration."He is however spoken of disparagingly by the chronicling monk Matthew Paris, of St Albans Abbey, for unfairly denying legal judgment in the Abbey's favour after a monk had been attacked and robbed by his protégé Geoffrey of Childwick. He enjoyed great secular power; the 1258 Provisions of Oxford gave four men the power to elect a council of fifteen to govern the treasury and the chancery. These four men were the Earl Marshal (the Earl of Norfolk), Hugh Bigod, <mask>, and the Earl of Warwick (<mask> Plessis). Not only did he arrange the marriage of Henry III daughter, Margaret of England to Alexander III of Scotland in 1249, but he entertained the courts of England and Scotland on King Alexander's visit to London in 1256. Such a feat would not have been possible but for the income from his pluralities. He was named Seneschal of Gascony in 1243 a post later held by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester and subsequently by Prince Edward. Alfonso of Castile had his eyes on Gascony and <mask> helped to defuse the situation by arranging the marriage of Edward to Alfonso's half-sister, Eleanor in 1254.Sedgwick castle came into his hands in 1249. In 1261 he was named Constable of the Tower of London. He was mediator along with Simon de Montfort in arranging the marriage of Henry's daughter Beatrice with <mask> of Brittany in 1259. <mask> was in France with Queen Eleanor and Edmund when Simon de Montfort vanquished Henry III at the Battle of Lewes, 14 May 1264. Shortly thereafter, Simon de Montfort took possession of <mask>'s estates in August 1264. <mask> died 20 January 1265 in Florence and was buried in York Minster. Among his contemporaries were the better known Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester and Roger Bacon.Family and issue
Burke held that <mask> married Joan, daughter of Simon de Beauchamp of Bedford, and had the following issue:
Thomas Maunsell
William Maunsell
Henry Maunsell

However, <mask> was in major orders, making marriage unlikely. Furthermore, he left property not to these supposed male heirs, but to his sister and niece, the rest of his estate reverting to the Crown. Notes

References

Bibliography

Books

Calendar Patent Rolls, Henry III
Papal Letters Vol i., pp. 218, 262–3, 269, 362. (Pope Innocent IV & Pope Alexander IV)
Foedera, Rymer, Vol i., pp. 48, 67, 135, 408, 415. History of the Exchequer, Thomas Madox; Vol.ii. p. 51
Henry II and the Church, F. A. Gasquet; p. 196 et seq. England Under the Normans and Angevins, H. W. C. Davis
Chronica Majora, Matthew Paris; Vol i. pp. 440,422. Chronica Majora, Matthew Paris; Vol iii. p. 153. Chronica Majora, Matthew Paris; Vol iv.pp. 294, 375, 601, 623–4. Chronica Majora, Matthew Paris; Vol v. pp. 101, 129, 179, 223, 238–9, 268–9, 355, 450, 505, 507, 690, 719. Royal and Other Historical Letters, Shirley, Vol i., pp. 145–6. Royal and Other Historical Letters, Shirley, Vol ii., pp.175, 206. Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward I and Edward II, Vol i., pp. 60, 64, 66

External links

Electronic articles and journals
 http://www.sacred-texts.com/sro/hkt/hkt05.htm The History of the Knights Templars
 https://web.archive.org/web/20050222094527/http://home.earthlink.net/~plantagenet60/plantagenet06.htm
 http://www.biodatabase.de/Secretary%20of%20State
 http://www.british-history.ac.uk/
 https://web.archive.org/web/20050222094527/http://home.earthlink.net/~plantagenet60/plantagenet06.htm
British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/
Houses of the Austin Canons http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=38204

1190s births
1265 deaths
13th-century English people
Anglo-Normans
Medieval English knights
Lord Chancellors of England
Seneschals of Gascony
Secretaries of State of the Kingdom of England

masks:
John Maunsell
John Maunsell
John
John Mansel
Maunsell
Maunsell
John Maunsell
John Maunsell
John du
John Maunsell
John
John Maunsell
Maunsell
John Maunsell
Maunsell
Maunsell


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<mask> (June 6, 1883 – March 19, 1932) was a graphic artist and illustrator. His artwork appeared on over two dozen covers of Collier's and Parents during the 1920s. <mask> designed the then world's largest ever electrical display in 1917. It towered above Times Square until 1924. He reshaped the then famed Fisk Tire Boy in 1930. His poster for the Girl Scouts was widely on display, at their troop meetings from 1931–37. He played in tennis tournaments around Greater New York from 1909–31, including the U.S. National Championship of 1920–21, 24 (all after age 35).The Paul Martin Singles Tournament was held for eighty-four years. Background
The golden age of illustration began in the 1880s. Major advancements in printing techniques were then taking place. This included breakthroughs in the halftone process. It made the printing of images for commercial usage, more economical, feasible, and realistic. The reproduction of art from wood engravings (time consuming and strenuous), was largely replaced with photo-mechanical engravings (higher accuracy level). These and other methods were utilized by artist, writer, teacher, innovator—Howard Pyle—who is generally regarded as "The Father of American Illustration."Others who gained fame in this field included Howard Chandler Christy, Harrison Fisher, James Montgomery Flagg, Charles Dana Gibson, John Held Jr., J. C. Leyendecker, Maxfield Parrish, Coles Phillips, Frederic Remington, Norman Rockwell, Jessie Willcox Smith and N. C. Wyeth. However, the vast majority of book and magazine illustrators received little recognition, compared to the fine artists. This was due to their artwork being viewed as commercially (not creativity) inspired. Nonetheless, these unheralded illustrators played an important role, in communicating (and documenting) the people's aspirations, concerns, customs, humor, labor, morals and social interests. One of them was <mask>, whose work appeared on the covers of Collier's, Everybody's, Farm & Fireside, The Farmer's Wife, Liberty, Parents and People's Home Journal from 1923–31. These seven magazines were once ranked among the most widely circulated. They all went out of business long ago, except for Parents.Their eventual downfall was caused by the changing times (or taste), emergence of radio and television (more attractive mediums for advertisers), and economics (increased cost / decreased revenue). The more specialized ones that targeted specific audiences, tended to fare better. Another point is that major advancements in photographic equipment and technology took place during the 1930s. This brought about the gradual changeover (25 year plus process) from illustrated to photographic covers. The former lingered on because of its innovative and enchanting qualities, until finally succumbing to Photoshop and other graphic software programs. Collier's
General-interest magazines (mixture of entertainment, pictures, politics, serials, short stories and sports) were once very popular and appealed to diverse audiences. One of them was the historically significant Collier's, which had a revival under new editor William L. Chenery in 1925.<mask> drew many of its covers during the mid-Roaring Twenties, including seven in 1925 (twenty 1923–27). Two of them were for Christmas issues (1924 & 26). Some artists created a niche and then stuck with it, such as in drawing comical situations, domestic follies, political satire, pretty women or simple pleasures. His recurring theme was of a youthful boy engaged in various lighthearted activities or situations. This included the following: catching a baseball, loading up on desserts (pictured below), playing the flute, decked out in a straw hat, shooting marbles, shoveling snow, carrying books on head, riding a sled, winding up a spinning top, eating turkey, bobbing for apples, playing football (pictured), happily swimming, getting a shaved haircut, saying grace, working as a messenger, daydreaming about fishing and going down a water slide. He seldom veered from this subject matter. The most striking departure was for a self-portrait cover.He portrayed himself as a well-dressed, vocal spectator at the horse races. His drawing style was simple yet bold. It captured the brightness, carefreeness, and innocence of youth. There was a nostalgic element to them. They resonated with the populace, who had just lived through a catastrophic world war and influenza pandemic. <mask> excluded the non-essential details (extra people, scenery, structures, trees, etc. ), which allowed viewers to make an instant connection.His paintings were often easy to recognize, since their theme and style remained fairly consistent. They sometimes gave the illusion of three-dimensional depth. This was through the use of various techniques, such as color intensity variation, linear perspective and overlapping. His cover art practically always had a holiday/seasonal theme or portrayed the magazine's overall image. This was common practice back then. It only once corresponded to an inside article. <mask>'s first step was coming up with ideas and turning them into conceptual sketches.These rough drafts were submitted to art editors, for their review and consideration for publication. He continued working on the ones approved, which came back with or without a modification request. (The rejects were sometimes submitted elsewhere.) He then hired boys for photo sessions, most of whom lived locally. His drawings were made from the produced photos, and not real life (which required long sittings). This gave him more options and flexibility. The preliminaries and final version were based on multiple images captured during the shoot (along with some improvising).This was also a more practical process, due to active/impatient children being involved. He would interact with them from behind the camera, until getting the desired natural or candid expression. His wife assisted by preparing the models for their scene. Collier's couldn't keep up with the rapidly changing times following World War II, and ceased publication in December 1956. The main culprit was television, which dramatically affected its advertising and circulation revenue. Collier's top competitors (Life, Look and Post) adapted somewhat better to the changing times, which helped them hold out longer. Graphic artist

<mask> designed "Wrigley Gum's" light bulb spectacular, which showcased six acrobatic "spearmen" on a Broadway billboard in 1917.It was then the world's largest ever electrical display at 200 by 50 feet. It covered an entire city block in Times Square, between 43rd and 44th Sts. This panoramic light show was a major tourist attraction for seven years. The Wrigley name was synonymous with bigtime advertising. He drew a poster titled "Serve Your Country," for the War Camp Community Service in 1918. It showed a fashionable young woman serving in tennis (play on words). Women were encouraged to entertain off-duty soldiers, by participating in various social events (dancing, dining, etc.).A silkscreen version of this poster (pictured below), has been periodically on display at the International Tennis Hall of Fame Museum in Newport, Rhode Island. He sketched five different scenes of snow activities, for the passenger/freight carrier New York, Ontario and Western Railway in 1921–22. They described Sullivan County (Catskill section), as a lively and refreshing vacation spot. He designed greeting cards for the printing house, William Edwin Rudge, Inc. in 1921. <mask> drew a cheerful boy eating baked beans for Heinz 57 in 1927. Also, two posters for the American Junior Red Cross. The first was titled "The Flag of Service the World Around," 1929.It showed children in international costumes behind a globe, with one holding up a large Red Cross flag. The second was titled "Juniors Helping Everywhere," 1930. It showed twenty miniature scenes of children worldwide, in their various supportive roles. <mask> designed three billboards for the Hecker H-O (Hornby's Oatmeal) Company of Buffalo, New York in 1931. One showed a confident young football player being patched up, who had oats for breakfast (pictured). The other two emphasized its healthiness and goodness. These large advertisements (25 by 12 feet) appeared on poster panels, to attract passing motorists and pedestrians.They also had short runs in food markets; on their walls, store windows or hanging from overhead wires. <mask> painted three color advertisements for General Electric's all-steel "Monitor Top" refrigerator in 1930. The first and most elaborate featured two boys running a lemonade stand. Their mother looks on with approval, through the open kitchen window. It appeared as a full-page ad in many different magazines around the same time. An excerpt from Printers' Ink in 1930: " 'Electric Lemonaide, 5 cents per glass,' reads the sign of the youthful shopkeepers. ... [They] are soliciting trade in a strenuous manner, as a friendly dog enters into the spirit of the event with challenging barks.... [I]t is a picture filled with action and story-telling strength. But because the advertised product has been worked in so adroitly, the illustration seems doubly effective and relevant." His other "Monitor Top" credits were of a girl (with doll) playing with building blocks, and two dressed-up girls listening to an enthusiastic sales boy. It was proclaimed as the first reliable and affordable model for residential use (though at a hefty price). He painted a contest-winning poster for the Girl Scouts in 1931. It was titled "Usefulness • Beauty • Health • Truth • Knowledge." This contest was conducted by the Art Alliance of America, an organization that brought together craft workers and manufacturers.There were two hundred plus submissions. The six-judge panel consisted of W. T. Benda (who replaced Charles Dana Gibson), Ray Greenleaf, Rockwell Kent, John La Gatta, Neysa McMein and Edward A. Wilson. <mask>'s model for the poster was Barbara Smith, a 14-year-old from Darien, Connecticut (who previously lived in Yonkers, N.Y.). Her parents and <mask> were lifelong friends. He even served as best man at their wedding back in 1904. His winning entry earned him a $300 first place check, from the Girl Scouts' National Director Josephine Schain (pictured far below). This exchange took place at their then national headquarters on Lexington Avenue in Manhattan.It also occurred right after Schain presented the second and third place winners, with their respective prize. The top three finishers then posed together, next to their entries (pictured far below). National President Birdsall Otis Edey was one of three consultants, along with executives Anne Hyde Choate and Genevieve Garvan Brady. This poster faithfully and strikingly captured the spirit of their character-building movement. It was commonly displayed on bulletin boards, stands or windows in the meeting rooms of troops, and on the bedroom walls of their members from 1931–37. It later appeared with three raised fingers instead of a salute, on the catalog cover of Girl Scout Equipment for Fall 1932 and Spring 1933. <mask> said at the award ceremony: "Barbara seems [to be] the personification of all that Girl Scouting means.She is the very spirit of radiant, happy and wholesome young girlhood, and my mind naturally turned to her immediately when I learned of the competition." His drawings also ended up on Gerlach Barklow calendars, ink blotter cards and prints for business advertising, such as one titled "Singin' in the Rain" from 1931. It showed a boy sheltering several pups from the rain with an umbrella, while squatting down (pictured). Another showed a boy reading about scientific theories with some difficulty. <mask>'s paintings often included a cute and friendly pup (or more!). He drew covers for such trade publications as Advertising & Selling, Good Hardware, Progressive Grocer (voice of the industry for food retailers) and Silent Hostess (recipes and tips for homemakers) between 1920 & 1931. Coincidentally, the helmet-wearing kid for H-O Oats (pictured), later served as Progressive Grocer associate editor from 1956–62.<mask>'s third and fourth covers were for this food-oriented magazine. His work appeared in many different types of print media. Another credit is mentioned in a publication by the Veterans of Foreign Wars in 1932. As follows: "The cover design on this issue of Foreign Service (pictured) is a two-color reproduction of the official 1932 Buddy Poppy poster. (It was so named because former soldiers would use that word, in describing their comrades who perished in WWI.) The original was painted in oil by the late <mask>, noted New York poster artist, who died suddenly on March 19th following a serious operation. The poster has been pronounced as one of the most striking and appropriate designs ever used, to depict the symbolism of the Buddy Poppy.(A bright red artificial flower, which was worn in honor of the fallen Allied soldiers.) It was completed shortly before the artist's death and is believed to have been his last important assignment [vague]. Those familiar with <mask>'s career as an artist, declare the 1932 Buddy Poppy poster to be one of his best creations." Fisk Tire Boy

The Fisk Rubber Company was producing automobile, bicycle and carriage tires by 1901. Its factory was located along the riverfront in Chicopee Falls, Mass. The plant pumped out 230,000 tires in August 1921. Fisk struggled financially during most of the 1930s.They were bought out by U.S. Rubber—a.k.a. U.S. Royal (1940). Its worldwide divisions (variously named) were given a unifying name in Uniroyal (1966). They merged with Goodrich and became Uniroyal

masks:
Paul Martin
Martin
Paul Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Paul Martin
Paul Martin