text_chunks:
<mask> (born Jon Dalton, March 11, 1974) is an American former art consultant, professional wrestler, and reality television personality. He has twice competed on the reality competition TV show Survivor, coming in third place on the seventh season, Survivor: Pearl Islands and coming in last at twentieth place on the sixteenth season, Survivor: Micronesia. Early life
Jon Dalton was born March 11, 1974, and is originally from Danville, Virginia. He attended George Washington High School, and subsequently attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute. After college, he moved to Washington, D.C. and Portland, Oregon before settling in Los Angeles. Reality television

Survivor: Pearl Islands
On Survivor: Pearl Islands, Dalton constructed what host Jeff Probst called "the greatest lie in Survivor history." Prior to leaving for Panama to compete on the show, Dalton concocted a plan with a close friend of his named Dan, whom Dalton had designated to participate in a challenge that would involve contestants' loved ones.To generate sympathy for Dalton and give him an advantage in the game, Dan would dishonestly inform Dalton that his grandmother had died. In the season's eleventh episode, Dan did so in front of the remaining competitors, who allowed a seemingly distraught Dalton to win the challenge in order to give him the opportunity to spend time with Dan and obtain more information about his grandmother's alleged death. Though the remaining contestants would not discover the truth until after the season had completed filming, it was quickly revealed to the television audience that Dalton's grandmother had not died but was, in fact, at home "watching Jerry Springer". Probst also publicly said:

Danny Bonaduce altercation
On October 2, 2007, at the Fox Reality Really Awards, Dalton was invited to present an award and was loudly booed by the audience while speaking on stage. Actor and political commentator Danny Bonaduce approached Dalton on stage and said, "They're booing because they hate you." As Bonaduce then began walking away, Dalton followed and leaped on top of him, causing Bonaduce to react by flipping Dalton over his head and dropping him to the floor hard on his face. Dalton immediately left the stage, visibly bleeding from his face and allegedly losing a number of teeth.In an interview with website TMZ soon after, Dalton stated that he had filed a police report over the incident and that authorities were waiting to review video of the incident before pressing battery charges against Bonaduce. On October 5, 2007, three days after the incident, Los Angeles Deputy District Attorney Jeffrey Boxer announced that Bonaduce would not be facing charges, stating that there was "insufficient evidence" that Bonaduce's actions were criminal. Boxer noted that Bonaduce's actions "fell within the realm of self-defense", as Dalton had initiated the physical conflict. At the 2008 Fox Reality Really Awards, Dalton and Bonaduce appeared together onstage and joked about the previous year's incident. In a scripted scene, Dalton kissed Bonaduce on the lips, and Bonaduce subsequently spit an object out of his mouth which he joked was another one of Dalton's teeth. Survivor: Micronesia
On January 3, 2008, it was announced that Fairplay was the only pre-All-Stars castaway who accepted an offer to join the tribe of returning contestants in Survivor: Micronesia — Fans vs. Favorites, the show's 16th season.However, <mask> asked his tribe to vote him off in the first episode so that he could return to his pregnant girlfriend. Subsequent Survivor appearances
<mask> did not participate in Survivor: Heroes vs. Villains in 2010. When asked about the reason for this, Jeff Probst remarked, "The reason that <mask> isn't here is that this season is called Heroes vs. Villains, not Survivor Quitters." <mask> acknowledged in a 2010 interview that there is animosity between himself and Probst, stating, "It's no secret that Jeff Probst hates me, and I don't go out of my way to be his friend either." In 2013, <mask> was inducted into the Xfinity "Survivor Hall of Fame," alongside Kim Spradlin and John Cochran. <mask> was the only non-winner inducted into the Class of 2013. Other appearances
Dalton and his wife Michelle appeared on The Celebrity Newlywed Game, on which he beat the Monkees' Davy Jones and his wife; as well as on Dr. Phil in an episode titled 'Reality TV Stars' Real Life Drama' .He has also appeared on Celebrity Poker Showdown, Celebrity Fear Factor, Pawn Stars, and Camp Reality. Dalton is also under contract with Wizard World to appear at its comic book conventions. Professional wrestling
Dalton started in professional wrestling in 1998 in North Carolina and then moved to Oregon where, as <mask> <mask>, he started his own promotion, New Dimension Wrestling (not to be confused with a similarly named Carolinas' promotion with which he claimed to be affiliated). There he served as promoter and commentator. During this time, he also ran his own weekly online professional wrestling radio talk show, having various wrestlers on as guest commentators. He worked as a personal assistant for the professional wrestler "Rowdy" Roddy Piper for a year and a half prior to Survivor. After his first Survivor appearance, Dalton was signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, where he appeared under the <mask> <mask> moniker.In mid January, promo began airing hyping his debut in the company. He made his debut on January 21, but was interrupted by A.J. Styles. The two feuded for several weeks, and on February 25, <mask> brought in Lex Luger to get revenge on Styles and cost him the NWA World Tag Team Championship. He made brief, non-wrestling appearances in 2005 at both Final Resolution and Destination X. On October 7, 2006, <mask> was defeated by Molly Holly after a low blow and quick pin fall at a WCWA event. One month later, <mask> and the Hardkore Kidd defeated Frankie Kazarian.Dalton also made an appearance in Ring of Honor, an American professional wrestling promotion, on March 31, 2007, in Detroit, Michigan. On April 1, 2011, <mask> made an appearance for Dragon Gate USA, endorsing Jimmy Rave as the promotion's next breakout star. After Rave was defeated in a match by Arik Cannon, <mask> entered the ring, confronted Cannon and got on the receiving end of his finishing maneuver, Total Anarchy. On May 3, 2011, <mask> <mask> appeared on the debut televised event of WFX Wrestling in a backstage scene in which he swindled U-Gene out of pocket money with a trick reminiscent of his famous Survivor lie. The following week <mask> convinced U-Gene to sign a contract making <mask> his 'manager slash best friend' promising to make him the biggest star in reality television. On the third episode of Overload, <mask> is overheard by U-Gene while bragging about having stole all of his money. After chasing <mask> to ringside, U-Gene was physically attacked by <mask> before he revealed he had used his money to help male bodybuilder and former Big Brother contestant Jessie Godderz join the roster of WFX.Starting in May 2014, <mask> has appeared in the West Coast Wrestling Connection as the on-screen manager of Ashton Vuitton. Personal life
As of March 2021, Dalton lives in his native Danville, Virginia. Dalton and his girlfriend, Michelle Deighton, a contestant from WWE's Tough Enough 2011 and the fourth season of America's Next Top Model, had a daughter born in 2008, and lived in Providence, North Carolina. Dalton announced that he was separating from Deighton on June 28, 2011, via Twitter. On December 18, 2020, Dalton and his mother Patsy Hall were arrested on larceny charges. According to the Danville, Virginia Police Department's report, they were accused of stealing jewelry and furniture valued at $5,000 from Dalton's grandmother, Jean Cook, following a criminal complaint filed by Dalton's disgruntled aunt. Charges against both people were dismissed due to insufficient evidence on March 25, 2021.Filmography
West Coast Wrestling Connection (2014–present)
Judge Alex (October 31, 2012)
WFX Overload (2011–present)
I Love the New Millennium (2008)
Survivor: Micronesia (2008)
Ty Murray's Celebrity Bull Riding Challenge (2007)Judge Mathis (February 2, 2007)Fear Factor Episodes: Reality Stars: Parts 1 and 2 (2006)True Life Episode: I'm a Reality Star (2006)Celebrity Poker Showdown (2005)Inked, Season One, Episode 15 (Trouble In Paradise) (2005) as himselfThe Scorned (2005) as D.Q.Kill Reality (2005)The Daily Buzz (October 27, 2004)50 Most Outrageous TV Moments (2004)Survivor: Pearl Islands (2003)

References

External links
<mask> <mask> biography for Survivor: Pearl Islands at CBS.com
<mask> Fairplay biography for Survivor: Micronesia'' at CBS.com

1974 births
Living people
American male professional wrestlers
People from Danville, Virginia
Professional wrestlers from Virginia
Professional wrestling announcers
Professional wrestling promoters
Survivor (American TV series) contestants

masks:
Jonny Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Jonny
Fairplay
Jonny
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Jonny
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Fairplay
Jonny
Fairplay
Jonny


text_chunks:
Michael "Doc" <mask> (born August 1, 1946) is an American former network television play-by-play sportscaster and commentator noted mostly for his work in ice hockey. He was the lead announcer for National Hockey League national telecasts on both NBC and NBCSN. Among the many awards <mask> has received is the NHL's Lester Patrick Award in 2004, making him the first of only five to have received the award for media work, and the Foster Hewitt Memorial Award by the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2008. He has also won nine national Emmy Awards for excellence in sports broadcasting, the only hockey broadcaster to be honored with even one. On December 12, 2011, <mask> became the first member of the media to be inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame. In 2017, Sports Illustrated listed <mask> as the sportscaster of the year. Biography

Background
<mask> earned a B.Sc.in speech from Manchester University in 1968 and a M.A. in radio/television from Miami University in 1969. He then received a Ph.D. in communications (radio/television/film) from Bowling Green State University in 1976, hence his nickname, "Doc". <mask> taught speech and broadcasting at Geneva College in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania from 1969 to 1971 and got his first experience of the NHL covering the Pittsburgh Penguins as an unpaid correspondent for The Beaver County Times newspaper. Broadcasting career
<mask> began sportscasting professionally in 1973 when he was hired by Port Huron Flags' GM Morris Snider to do play-by-play on WHLS radio and public relations for the IHL team. In 1977, he took on the same two roles with the first year AHL Maine Mariners for three seasons (broadcasting that club's Calder Cup championships in both 1978 and 1979). <mask> then served as the New Jersey Devils' first voice after moving to the state, arriving for the 1982–83 NHL season, and stayed there until 1986.<mask> wore several hats in the 1980s working for the Philadelphia Flyers. He was a spot announcer for Flyers home broadcasts from 1983 to 1986, then was an in-studio analyst between 1986-88 when not covering national games. <mask> was promoted to the lead play-by-play slot for both local TV and cable for the team in 1988, remaining with the Flyers until the end of the 1992-93 season. For four of those years, <mask> was paired with former NHLer and national hockey broadcaster Bill Clement. In 1993, he returned to the Devils to replace Gary Thorne and continued to be the Devils' voice until July 2011. He announced the Devils' 1995 Stanley Cup victory alongside color commentator John Davidson for the national United States broadcast on Fox. National work
<mask> has also done play-by-play for CBS, NBC (and its cable network subsidiary NBC Sports Network, formerly OLN and Versus), ABC, TNT, ESPN, Fox, CSTV, SportsChannel America, SportsChannel Philadelphia, PRISM, Fox Sports Net, and others.He was the lead play-by-play announcer for The NHL on ESPN from 1986 to 1988 alongside lead color commentator Bill Clement. His first national over-the-air television work came in 1992 doing ice hockey at the XVI Winter Olympic Games at Albertville, France, for CBS. <mask> became the lead play-by-play announcer for the NHL on Fox, calling regular-season games and Stanley Cup Finals from 1995 to 1999. After Fox relinquished the NHL broadcast rights to ABC, he became a regional announcer for NHL on ABC from 2000 to 2004. He only called select playoff games at the time, but he did file reports for ABC Sports and ESPN's Stanley Cup Finals coverage. Before the 2005–06 NHL season, he was named the lead play-by-play announcer for the NHL on Versus (previously The NHL on OLN) and the NHL on NBC, and since 2008, has served as an overall host of the telecast. He called the top Conference Final and the entire Stanley Cup Finals for both networks.He has called games in 22 Stanley Cup Finals on TV (for NBC, ESPN, Fox, Versus and OLN), more than any other American broadcaster. He has also called 14 NHL All-Star Games for NBC, Fox, OLN, VERSUS and ESPN. <mask> called the 1996 World Cup of Hockey for the Prime Network and the 2004 World Cup of Hockey for ESPN. <mask> has worked five Olympic Games for NBC. He has also worked during the Olympics, twice for CBS and once for TNT. For NBC, he called water polo in the 2004 and 2012 Summer Olympics, and men's and women's ice hockey at the 2006, 2010 and the 2014 Winter Olympics alongside Eddie Olczyk and "Inside-the-Glass" reporter Pierre McGuire. With CBS, he called some National Football League and men's NCAA basketball tournament games.One notable assignment for <mask> was the first game for Brett Favre as a member of the Green Bay Packers, including the first pass Favre ever threw as a Packer, which ended up being to himself. <mask> also called the National Lacrosse League All-Star Game and Championship Game while at NBC. On July 21, 2011, <mask> announced that he was leaving the New Jersey Devils to work exclusively for NBC Sports. In the beginning of the 2011-12 season, Steve Cangialosi replaced him for play-by-play duties for the Devils. On May 5, 2014, EA Sports announced that <mask> would provide play-by-play commentary for NHL 15 along color commentator Eddie Olczyk and "Inside-the-Glass" reporter Ray Ferraro. The trio provided commentary for every EA Sports NHL game until NHL 20, when he was replaced by James Cybulski. Beginning in the 2018–19 NHL season, "Inside-the-Glass" reporter Brian Boucher joined <mask>, Olczyk, and McGuire for national games.Retirement
On October 19, 2020, following a season calling hockey games remotely from his home in Michigan due to restrictions imposed by the national outbreak of coronavirus disease, <mask> announced his retirement from broadcasting.Stephen Whyno, "Announcer <mask> Retires After Fifty Years," Newark Star-Ledger, October 20, 2020, p. B3. At the time of his retirement, <mask> released a video essay in which he declared:

Things change over 50 years, but much of what I love is unchanged from then to now and into the years ahead. I still get chills seeing the Stanley Cup. I especially love when the horn sounds, and one team has won and another team hasn’t, all hostility can dissolve into the timeless great display of
sportsmanship – the handshake line.... I leave you with sincere thanks. Kenny Albert succeeded <mask> for what would ultimately become NBC's final season broadcasting the NHL before the American national television rights moved over to ABC/ESPN and Turner Sports. NBC's final NHL telecast was Game 5 of the 2021 Stanley Cup Finals on July 7.Following the end of the subsequent postgame coverage on NBCSN, the network aired a 13-minute video montage, narrated by <mask> (who had taken the role as a contributor in the final NHL on NBC season), discussing various innovations that NBC had brought to their NHL coverage over the past 15 seasons as well as highlights and human interest stories that had occurred along the way as well. At the end of the video, <mask> signed off for NBC's coverage with the following:

National Football League
As previously mentioned, <mask> called a handful of NFL games for CBS in 1992 and 1993. <mask> was paired on commentary with Matt Millen in 1992 and Hank Stram in 1993 and Week 5 of the 1992 season. Notably, <mask> was the announcer for Brett Favre's first NFL start in 1992 (Packers/Buccaneers), wherein Favre's first completed pass was deflected to himself. Honors
 1997 National CableACE Award for best play-by-play announcer. 2004  Lester Patrick Trophy. 2008 Foster Hewitt Memorial Award
Nine-time Sports Emmy Award winner - Outstanding Sports Personality, Play-by-Play
Five-time  New York Regional Emmy Award winner for his play-by-play work of New Jersey Devils telecasts on the MSG Network.Four-time NSMA Sportscaster of the Year
NSMA Hall of Fame (class of 2019)
2014 Sports Illustrated Sports Media "Person of the Year"

Style
The Devils' broadcasting pair of <mask> and color commentator Glenn "Chico" Resch were noted for their ability to break the tension of a hockey game through various types of humor, many times improvised and unintentional. For example, in a game during the 2008–09 NHL season, Resch was discussing a rebound that came off Devils netminder Scott Clemmensen:

Other recurring comedic bits arise during games. After <mask> or Resch analyzes the play of a goaltender, if <mask> feels that Resch is sympathizing towards the goalie due to his former play at the same position, <mask> will add a sarcastic comment which talks about the glory of goaltending and how they are "by far" the most important players in the game. Another comedic bit that is shared between <mask> and Resch is when <mask> will ask Resch where a particular town or city in Canada is located when they talk about a player's home town. In the event of an odd play or bounce of the puck, <mask> has cited "the unseen hand," as the culprit, which always gets a laugh from Resch. However, <mask>'s most famous and unique saying is "my goodness" usually being said when there is a remarkable save by a goaltender or when there is a sequence of plays having high amounts of "energy" on the ice. <mask>'s knowledge of the game of hockey has been deemed "encyclopedic", and he is known for his eloquent vocabulary.He employs an unusual vocabulary to describe play-by-play action, referring to a goaltender's equipment as "paraphernalia", for instance. Often, during line changes or zone clearings, <mask> will discuss interesting facts about a player's personal life, hockey records, or contributions to sports. In addition, sportswriter Peter King has praised <mask> by saying "<mask> is one hell of a hockey announcer. If hockey were big in this country, he'd be what Jack Buck used to be." Miscellaneous
<mask> is a founding member, and still president, of the NHL Pronunciation Guide, which is used as a guide for all NHL broadcasters for some of hockey's most difficult names. He is Vice President of the NHL Broadcaster's Association, and he is also a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame Selection Committee. <mask> also hosted a weekly podcast on iTunes called "<mask>'s Angle" which offers his current thoughts on the NHL.<mask> is an avid Pittsburgh Pirates fan. He grew up listening to Bob Prince on KDKA Radio. He attended a game in which Garrett Jones became the first Pirates player to hit a home run into the Allegheny River on the fly. On June 11, 2014, he was interviewed on NPR's All Things Considered by Melissa Block discussing his career and style. In 2016, <mask> attended Pirates spring training in Bradenton, Florida and called a few innings of one game on television and radio with Pirates broadcasters Greg Brown and John Wehner. On July 8, 2016, <mask> called his first MLB regular-season game at PNC Park, when the Pirates hosted the Chicago Cubs for MLB Network. The Pirates won the game, 8–4, with <mask> calling some of the action with Bob Costas.When his NBC broadcast schedule permitted, <mask> travelled to Hershey, Pennsylvania, each year to announce the Hershey Bears' Hall of Fame inductees. He has also voiced the narration for the American Hockey League Hall of Fame's induction videos, and returned to Hershey in 2011 to serve as TV play-by-play voice for the AHL All-Star Game. Personal life

Doc lives in St. Clair, Michigan with his wife Joyce. They have no children, and spend time with their dogs and six horses. <mask> is a Christian. <mask> is a cancer survivor, having been diagnosed with prostate cancer in 1991. References

External links

 "Hockey's Great Voices Echo Through Generations" at NHL.com.Retrieved 10–20–06. <mask> - Lead NHL on NBC Play-by-Play Announcer Profile. 1946 births
Living people
American Hockey League broadcasters
American television sports announcers
Bowling Green State University alumni
College basketball announcers in the United States
College hockey announcers in the United States
Foster Hewitt Memorial Award winners
Journalists from Pennsylvania
Lacrosse announcers
Lester Patrick Trophy recipients
Major League Baseball broadcasters
Manchester University (Indiana) alumni
Miami University alumni
National Football League announcers
National Hockey League broadcasters
New Jersey Devils announcers
Olympic Games broadcasters
People from St. Clair, Michigan
People from Wabash County, Indiana
Philadelphia Eagles announcers
Philadelphia Flyers announcers
Pittsburgh Pirates announcers
National Lacrosse League announcers
American Christians

masks:
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Doc Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Emrick
Mike Emrick


text_chunks:
<mask> (born 1957) is a Distinguished Professor of the Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology at UCLA. He obtained his Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry from St. Stephen's College, Delhi University, India and obtained his Master of Science degree in Physical Chemistry from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India. In 1984, he obtained a PhD in Chemistry from the California Institute of Technology where he was also a Postdoctoral Fellow in the laboratory of Seymour Benzer from 1984-1988. <mask> joined UCLA in 1988 as an Assistant Professor and attained the rank of Full Professor in 1994 in the Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology. He became Vice-Chair of that department in 1998, Chair in 2001 until 2017, and the Irving and Jean Stone Endowed Chair in Life Science in 2009. He has a joint appointment in the Department of Biological Chemistry at the David Geffen School of Medicine and is also Co-Director of the UCLA Broad Stem Cell Research Center. <mask> teaches courses in genetics that encourage undergraduates to participate in research and he is the Director of the UCLA Interdepartmental Minor in Biomedical Research.He has also taught many genetics and developmental biology classes to undergraduate and graduate students. He is among 20 professors nationally to be awarded a $1 million grant by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute to creatively improve undergraduate science teaching. Honors and awards
<mask> was elected Member of the National Academy of Sciences (2018); Director, Genetics Society of America Board of Directors (2010); Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2009); Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2008); President of the Drosophila Board, Genetics Society of America (2008). He also served on the Life Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize in 2014. He was awarded the NIH Director's Pioneer Award, National Institutes of Health (2011); Professors Award, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (2010, 2006, 2002); Elizabeth W. Jones Award for Excellence in Education, Genetics Society of America (2010); Professor Mager Memorial Lecturer, University of Jerusalem, Israel (2004); Deans’ Recognition Award, UCLA (2003); Gold Shield Faculty Prize, UCLA (2000); One of the Top 20 Professors of the Bruin Century, UCLA Today (2000); Kalfayan Memorial Lecture, University of North Carolina (1999); Margaret E. Early Medical Research Trust Award (1998); Harriet and Charles Luckman Distinguished Teaching Award, UCLA (1997); Eby Award for the Art of Teaching, UCLA (1997); Investigator Award, McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience (1996); Faculty Research Award, American Cancer Society (1993); Distinguished Faculty Teaching Award, Department of Biology, UCLA (1992); Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Award (1990–1992); McKnight Foundation Scholars Award (1989); Life Sciences Research Foundation Award Burroughs Wellcome Fund Fellow (1986–1988); Del E. Webb Postdoctoral Fellowship (1983–1986); Certificate of Merit, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur (1977 1978); Sheshadri Memorial Award of the Delhi University (1977); National Paper Reading Prize (1976); National Science Talent Award (1974). Banerjee is the third highest salaried professor at a public university in the state of California. Research
Earlier work from Banerjee’s laboratory identified the Son of sevenless (Sos) gene that links RTKs to the oncogene Ras.His laboratory has also identified novel means by which different signal transduction cascades combine to distinguish between neural and non-neural cell types. They have also made critical discoveries in identifying transcription factors and signaling components that are responsible for hematopoiesis in Drosophila. Blood Stem Cell Maintenance
<mask>’s research focuses on the maintenance of blood stem cells, specifically hematopoietic stem cells that are maintained within a microenvironment where signals from a niche are important for the maintenance of quiescence within a precursor population. Lack of such a niche-derived signal will cause loss of "stemness," resulting in increased proliferation and eventual differentiation. His research examines this phenomenon in the Drosophila hematopoietic organ using genetic technologies available in this model organism. Results from <mask>’s lab have shown that the "stemness" of these cells is maintained through the combined action of a Niche Signal, that is generated by Hedgehog (Hh), a local signal generated by Wingless/Wnt and a reverse signal from the differentiated cells to the stem cells. His team has termed this combined action the Equilibrium Signal.Several important concepts underlying Drosophila blood development have allowed them to propose this system as an appropriate genetic model for vertebrate hematopoiesis, and these molecular mechanisms are being explored in the laboratory. Stress Response systems
<mask>’s studies have led to the investigation of multiple stress response systems. Myeloid blood cells are ideal for the study of response to many kinds of stresses. Hypoxia-related factors and free radicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a role both in hematopoietic development and in stress response. Similarly, his lab has found that the NF-κB derived inflammatory response plays a major role in the way blood cells respond to injury at distant sites. <mask>’s emerging view from these studies is that basic developmental mechanisms are co-opted again for stress, injury and inflammatory responses by the myeloid hematopoietic system. Genetic analysis will allow his team to understand the interrelationship between these important biological phenomena that have great relevance to diseases and disorders in humans.Metabolic control in Cancer pathways
<mask> and his researchers are also interested in the study of metabolic control in cancer pathways. In the past, his lab has identified components of signal transduction pathways that participate in oncogenesis. In addition, they have examined the role of the mitochondrion in controlling cell cycle, particularly that when cells become transformed they choose alternate means of metabolism (a phenomenon referred to as the Warburg effect). Also of interest to <mask> and his team is studying the effect of signal transduction pathways on the control of cellular metabolism and the proper balance between cellular growth and metabolism that goes awry in cancer. References

External links
Banerjee Lab website
UCLA ACCESS Faculty Profile

American people of Indian descent
University of California, Los Angeles faculty
1957 births
Living people
St. Stephen's College, Delhi alumni
IIT Kanpur alumni
California Institute of Technology alumni
Indian molecular biologists
Developmental biologists
Indian cell biologists
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Howard Hughes Medical Investigators
Scientists from Delhi
20th-century Indian biologists
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences

masks:
Utpal Banerjee
Banerjee
Banerjee
Banerjee
Banerjee
Banerjee
Banerjee
Banerjee
Banerjee
Banerjee


text_chunks:
Major General <mask>,  (February 28, 1888 – May 30, 1984) was a Canadian politician and soldier. He was a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy awarded to British and Imperial forces; and the 20th lieutenant governor of British Columbia. Early life
Born in Watford, Hertfordshire, England on February 28, 1888, the oldest child of Louise and <mask>, he attended Berkhamsted School. In 1906, he and his brother emigrated to Alberta, Canada, where they settled near Red Deer. In 1911, <mask> joined the North-West Mounted Police and served in Yukon until the outbreak of the First World War. A comprehensive biography of <mask> was written during his lifetime by Reginald Roy based on eighty-two one to two hour tape recorded interviews and considerable primary and secondary sources. Military career

First World War and Victoria Cross
In 1915, he enlisted in the Canadian Expeditionary Force 2nd Regiment, Canadian Mounted Rifles; transferring in September 1916 to the 5th Battalion Canadian Mounted Rifles.In the photo obtained from Library and Archives Canada (PA-002310) dated December 1917, Major <mask>, 5th Canadian Mounted Rifles, is shown wearing the Military Cross service ribbon, but has not yet received the ribbon for the Victoria Cross. He is wearing 4 wound stripes on his sleeve. <mask> was 29 years old, and an acting major during the Battle of Passchendaele when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross (VC):

During the war, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. Aside from the VC, <mask> was awarded the Distinguished Service Order and the Military Cross. Between the wars
Following the First World War he became a career officer in the army, and went to England in 1919 to attend the Staff College, Camberley for the first post-war course there. He was appointed to Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry. During the 1920s and early 1930s he was stationed as a staff officer in Winnipeg, Manitoba and in Calgary, Alberta.He also served as staff officer at the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario. In 1925 <mask> married Constance Blytha Copeman and they had two children. In 1936, he attended the Imperial Defence College in London. Among his fellow students there were Frank McNamara and Sydney Rowell, both from Australia; other students included William Slim and Keith Park

From 1938 to 1940 he was District Officer Commanding 13th Military District in Calgary. With the opening of hostilities with Germany in the Second World War, Brigadier <mask> was given command of the 2nd Canadian Infantry Brigade, a component of the 1st Canadian Infantry Division, which comprised a number of units raised in western Canada. Second World War
In December 1939, <mask>, by then age 51, and his staff left for England where the 1st Division was finally concentrated in a single place  as a formation. In February 1940 he developed a serious case of spinal meningitis, but soon recovered.In November 1941 <mask> was asked to assume temporary command of the expanding Canadian Corps, taking the place of Andrew McNaughton who was on an extended leave. General Bernard Montgomery of the British Army, whose opinions of Canadian officers were crucial in the careers of senior officers overseas in the mid-war period, said <mask> was a "gallant soldier" with "little brains". In August 1942 <mask> was returned to Canada and became General Officer Commanding in Chief Pacific Command, primarily a home defence organization for western Canada. He oversaw defences on Canada's West Coast. In 1943 <mask> was part of the planning for Operation Greenlight, retaking the Aleutian Islands from the Japanese. During the Second World War, in 1944, <mask> was instrumental in suppressing the Terrace Mutiny, a revolt by conscripts stationed in Terrace, British Columbia resulting from the announcement that conscripts would be deployed overseas. Although successful, <mask> was extremely critical of the actions that led to it in the first place, stating he had been placed in the "intolerable position of being ordered to enforce a policy which his past experience gained in applying similar policies has proven ruinous to discipline of [troops], and of being in an utterly dishonourable position, and [<mask> said] that he will NOT issue instructions to his [junior commanders] placing them in an impossible situation."When it became clear that the government was not considering deploying troops for the fighting in the Pacific, <mask> requested a change of command, or to be allowed to retire. The Cabinet War Committee eventually decided on the latter, and he retired from the Army in February 1945. He went into federal politics, winning the Nanaimo, British Columbia riding for the Progressive Conservative Party. Political career

In the 1945 federal election, he was elected as a Progressive Conservative Party candidate in the riding of Nanaimo, British Columbia. He was re-elected in 1949. In the 1953 election, he was elected in the riding of Esquimalt—Saanich, British Columbia. He was re-elected in the 1957 and 1958 elections.He was Minister of National Defence from 1957 to 1960 under Prime Minister John Diefenbaker. In 1958, <mask> recommended that the Avro Arrow programme be cancelled. In a historic turning point for Canadian aviation, the costly programme was cancelled in 1959 in favour of a less costly reliance on missile defense with NORAD. He resigned from federal politics in 1960. Lieutenant governor and later life
He became Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia on October 13, 1960, and became one of the few Lieutenant Governors to agree to an extended term, serving until July 1968. In 1967, he was made a Companion of the Order of Canada. <mask> died on May 30, 1984 in Victoria, British Columbia, and is commemorated at the Holy Trinity Cemetery, West Saanich, Sidney, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.Section 4 – West. His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa. Family
In August 1925, he married Constance Blytha Copeman. A daughter, Priscilla Edith ("Pep"), was born in 1928 though she died while still a young child. A son, John Andre, was born in 1931. Legacy
Pearkes' name has been honoured in various ways, including:
<mask><mask> Arena in Saanich, British Columbia. Mount Pearkes, along the mainland British Columbia south coast.The George R. Pearkes Children's Foundation
The <mask>kes Centre for Children, a treatment facility for children with cerebral palsy, now part of the Queen Alexandra Centre for Children's Health in Victoria, British Columbia. General <mask>. Pearkes Elementary School in Hudson's Hope, British Columbia. The <mask> R. Pearkes Building which houses the Canadian Department of National Defence Headquarters, in Ottawa. The <mask><mask>, VC Branch of the Royal Canadian Legion in Summerside, Prince Edward Island. CCGS <mask><mask>, a Canadian Coast Guard icebreaker. There are numerous thoroughfares named for him. He donated a ceremonial sword to Berkhamsted School in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire to be awarded each year to the school's best senior NCO cadet.Honours and awards
Major General <mask> received numerous awards during his life these include

He was sworn in as a Member of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada on June 21, 1957. This gave Him the right to use the honorific prefix "The Honourable" and the post nominal letters "PC" for life. He Received the Key to the City of
North Vancouver in British Columbia on March 21, 1966. Burnaby in British Columbia on June 14, 1968. Vancouver in British Columbia on August 27, 1968. He Received the Freedom of the City of
Nelson in British Columbia  1961. Port Alberni in British Columbia on October 26, 1967.Kelowna in British Columbia  1967. Central Saanich in British Columbia 1970. Vernon in British Columbia  1970. Penticton in British Columbia  1973. He also received the Order of the Dogwood in 1968.

masks:
George Randolph Pearkes
George Pearkes
George
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
Pearkes
George R
. Pearkes
Georgeear
George R
George
George R
. Pearkes
George R
. Pearkes
George Pearkes


text_chunks:
<mask> (born 27 March 1988), known professionally as <mask>, is an English singer-songwriter. Born and raised in London, she began her career on stage, aged 11, with a role in the West End musical Whistle Down the Wind. She studied at the BRIT School before signing with Gut Records and striking a songwriting deal with Sony/ATV Music Publishing. After signing with Republic Records, <mask> came to prominence following the release of her debut single "Do It Like a Dude". Her following single "Price Tag" topped the charts in nineteen countries including the UK and was followed by the release of her debut album, Who You Are (2011), which peaked at number two in the UK. Other singles from the album included "Nobody's Perfect", "Who You Are", "Domino" and "Laserlight", all of which peaked within the top ten on the UK Singles Chart, making <mask> the first British female artist to have six top-ten singles from a sole studio album. "Domino" also attained further international success, peaking at number six on the US Billboard Hot 100 and becoming her second number-one single in the UK.In 2012, <mask> performed at the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Concert outside Buckingham Palace in June, as well as the closing ceremony of the 2012 Olympic Games in London on 12 August. Her second album Alive (2013) peaked within the top five on the UK Albums Chart and also included the top-five singles "Wild" and "It's My Party". The release of her third album Sweet Talker (2014) was preceded by the single "Bang Bang" which debuted at number one in the UK and went multi-platinum worldwide. The album made the top five in the UK and peaked at number ten on the US Billboard 200, her highest-charting album in the US. , <mask> had sold over 20 million singles and 3 million albums worldwide. Citing various influences, <mask> is recognised for an unconventional musical and performance style that mixes soul vocals with contemporary R&B, pop, electropop, and hip-hop beats. She has received various accolades throughout her career, including the 2011 Critics' Choice Brit Award and the BBC's Sound of 2011.<mask> has supported various charitable causes, and has appeared on the UK charity telethons BBC Children in Need and Comic Relief. She has served as a coach on the competition series The Voice UK, The Voice Australia and The Voice Kids UK. In 2018, <mask> received widespread recognition in China following her appearance in the Hunan TV reality program Singer (previously called I Am a Singer). Early life
<mask> Cornish was born on 27 March 1988 in Chadwell Heath in The London Borough of Redbridge, London, to Rose () and Stephen Cornish. She was educated at Mayfield High School in LB Redbridge. This area was part of Essex until 1965 and <mask> refers to herself as an Essex girl. She attended Colin's Performing Arts School and as an 11-year-old she was cast in Andrew Lloyd Webber's West End production of Whistle Down the Wind.She subsequently joined the National Youth Music Theatre and appeared in their 2002 production of The Late Sleepers. Cornish has two elder sisters, who were both head girls at school. Unlike her academic sisters, Cornish has stated she was "never really that good at anything". She said, "At school they were like 'oh, you're a Cornish girl' and they kind of expected me to be the same as my sisters. Give me something to draw or an outfit to pick for someone, or hair, make-up, acting, write a song, I'm fine with it, but anything to do with sums – it was never my thing." She also said she never based her intelligence on her exam results. She also said she was always good at singing and it was her "thing".In 2003, at age 15, she won Best Pop Singer in the TV show Britain's Brilliant Prodigies, performing as <mask>. At the age of 16 she began studying at the BRIT School and at 17 she joined a girl group named Soul Deep. She graduated in the class of 2006 along with singers Adele and Leona Lewis. She claims she suffered a 'minor stroke at 18.' Career

2006–2010: Career beginnings

<mask> was signed to Gut Records, recording an album for the label, but the company went bankrupt before any material was released. She then found success as a songwriter, gaining a Sony ATV publishing contract. She was also the support act for Cyndi Lauper during Lauper's UK dates of her 2008 Bring Ya to the Brink tour (Lauper invited <mask> to join her on stage for the performances of "Girls Just Want to Have Fun").<mask> has also written lyrics for artists such as Chris Brown and Miley Cyrus, including "Party in the U.S.A.". <mask> was also part of a girl band, called Soul Deep, for two years, however, believing "it wasn't going anywhere," she left the group. Despite people thinking that her first notoriety was through YouTube, <mask> was signed for four years before her first video was posted. <mask> first came to the attention of Lava Records when her publisher at Sony/ATV, Rich Christina, sent Lava president <mask>m a link to her MySpace page, which the record executive loved. After seeing an impressive US showcase, Lava, along with several other labels, was keen to sign the artist but progress was hampered by her management's insistence on, what Flom called, a "crazy deal", and their refusal to let <mask> speak to any labels directly. Despite this, Senior Director of A&R at Lava, Harinder Rana, made surreptitious efforts to meet <mask> on her own in winter of 2008. Later in the year a change in management to Sarah Stennett and Nadia Khan of Crown Music allowed record deal negotiations to take place.<mask> eventually signed with Lava as part of a joint venture with Universal Republic. 2010–2012: Who You Are
<mask> began recording her debut studio album in 2005 and it was completed on 19 January 2011. She revealed that "Big White Room" would be on the album and was written from an experience she had when she was aged 11, although she wrote the song at age 17, in the hospital, where a ward mate, a little boy, died. <mask> says the album's title track, "Who You Are", is one of her proudest creations, she said the song is a "positive role model for young people" and "I always say that I'm half-artist, half-therapist". The song was written in 2005, when she just moved to Los Angeles, and was going through a very lonely difficult moment. A song called "Sexy Silk", which appears on the Easy A soundtrack, was originally going to be her first single. However, in late 2010 <mask> released her first single, "Do It Like a Dude" which was co-written with George Astasio, Tj Normandin, <mask>, <mask>, Kyle Abrahams and Peter Ighile.Originally, she wrote the song with Rihanna in mind because "Rude Boy" was released at the time, partly inspiring the song. She then sent the song to her label, Island Records, before sending it to Rihanna's management. Island insisted the song become <mask>'s first single. The single gained positive reception from critics. The single charted at number two on the UK Singles Chart. Her follow-up single "Price Tag" was released in late January 2011. It was written by <mask>, Dr. Luke, Claude Kelly, and B.o.B and peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart."Price Tag" was released in the US on 1 February 2011 and peaked at 23 on the Billboard Hot 100. "Price Tag" also charted at number-one in New Zealand and Ireland and is the most successful online video <mask> has released. Her first American television appearance was as the musical guest on NBC's Saturday Night Live on 12 March 2011. On 25 February 2011 her debut album, Who You Are, was released. The album first entered the UK Albums Chart on 6 March 2011 where it charted at number two. The album charted into the top ten in a number of countries and number 11 in the US. After the release she went on to release a third single from the album, "Nobody's Perfect".MTV reported that the single is, so far, only confirmed for release in the United Kingdom. The album's fourth single was "Who's Laughing Now". "Domino" was her second US single. The Dr. Luke-produced track was sent to mainstream radio on 6 September 2011. With the success of Who You Are in North America, <mask> was chosen to tour as the opening act for American pop artist Katy Perry's California Dreams Tour in 2011 but pulled out after breaking her foot in rehearsals. <mask> served as the house artist at the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, performing several of her original songs along with covers around commercial breaks. On 12 June 2011, at the Summertime Ball held at Wembley Stadium, London, <mask> ruptured several tendons in her foot during rehearsals, and performed her set the following day while sitting on a gilded throne.For her appearance at Glastonbury Festival 2011 on 25 June 2011, she performed on the throne again, stating that her doctor had told her not to perform with her broken foot which would take six weeks to heal. <mask> was scheduled to play at several festivals throughout the summer, however it was reported on 1 July 2011 that she would not be able to attend T in the Park, T4 on the Beach, Wembley:Orange, iTunes Festival, Lovebox, and Oxegen due to the injuries to her foot. Her record label released an official statement on 30 June 2011 that under strict orders from her doctor, she would not be able to perform for a number of weeks so that she could recuperate properly. She returned to the concert circuit in late August, including sets at the V Festival and The Big Chill. At the 2011 MTV VMA's she was still in a cast and using the throne. <mask>'s third studio album, The Awakening features a collaboration with <mask> called "Up", the song was released as a single on 16 November 2011. <mask> re-released Who You Are on 9 November 2011, featuring the regular tracks plus "Domino"."Domino" topped the UK charts and became her first top 10 hit in the US, following the success of "Price Tag". While in Australia for the Oceania leg of her Heartbeat tour in support of Who You Are, an interview on a TV talk show ended with her being sawed in half by magician Sam Powers in his thin model sawing illusion. At the 2012 Brit Awards on 21 February, <mask> received two Brit Award nominations, Best British Female Artist, and Best British Single ("Price Tag"). With featured artist, David Guetta, <mask> released the sixth single, "Laserlight", from her debut album on 4 May 2012. In the United Kingdom, the song debuted at number twenty-six on the UK Singles Chart on the chart issue dated 21 April 2012. The following week the song climbed twenty-one positions to number five, making it her sixth top ten single from one album. With the charting success, she became the first UK female solo artist to achieve six top-ten singles from a single studio album.The achievement was compared with Lady Gaga, Katy Perry, <mask> and boy band Take That, recording artists who previously broke the same record. On 4 June 2012, <mask> appeared at the Diamond Jubilee Concert for Queen Elizabeth II, performing a duet with will.i.am. Together, they performed "I Gotta Feeling", a song she previously recorded with the other four coaches of the televised singing competition, The Voice. She later sang her international hit, "Domino". On 12 August 2012 she performed "Price Tag", "Written in the Stars", "Dynamite", and "You Should Be Dancing" with Tinie Tempah and Taio Cruz, and "We Will Rock You" with Queen at the Closing Ceremony of the 2012 Olympic Games in London. <mask> was a coach on the BBC One programme The Voice UK for its first two series in 2012 and 2013. 2012–2016: Alive and Sweet Talker
On 31 January 2012, <mask> announced that she had begun recording her second studio album.She also stated that she hoped to collaborate with many artists that year, possibly

masks:
Jessica Ellen Cornish
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessica Ellen
Jessie J
Jessica Cornish
Jessie J
J
Jessie
Jessie J
Jessie
Jessie
Jason Flo
Jessie
Jessie
Jessie
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jason Pebworth
Jon Shave
Jessie J
Jessie J
J
Jessie
Jessie J
Jessie
Jessie J
James Morrison
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Michael Jackson
Jessie
Jessie J
Jessie J


text_chunks:
 including some of her fellow coaches on The Voice. It was revealed that she worked in the studio with CeeLo Green after he contacted her on Twitter. <mask> has also revealed on Twitter that she worked with Diane Warren and co-author of her song "Price Tag", Claude Kelly. Via microblogging website Twitter, <mask> announced her first arena tour, called Nice to Meet You Tour (later renamed Alive Tour due to the release of her second studio album titled Alive), which began on 15 October 2013 and concluded on 8 February 2014. "Wild" was released as the lead single from Alive and was a top 5 hit in both the United Kingdom and Australia. Other singles released from the album included "It's My Party" and "Thunder". <mask> also featured on <mask>'s debut single "Calling All Hearts", along with Canadian singer Robin Thicke.Her third studio album Sweet Talker was released on 13 October 2014 in the UK, where it peaked at number 5. "Bang Bang" recorded with Ariana Grande and Nicki Minaj serves as the first single from the album. The song reached number one on the UK Singles Chart, becoming her third number one and seventh top five single in the UK. "Bang Bang" debuted on the US Billboard Hot 100 at number 6, making it the second highest new entry of 2014 on the chart. The song became <mask>'s second top 10 single in the US, after her previous single "Domino", and eventually peaked at number 3. In 2015, she became the judge and mentor of The Voice Australia replacing will.i.am. In the nominations for the 2016 Brit Awards, <mask>'s 2015 single "Flashlight" (from the soundtrack to the film Pitch Perfect 2) was among the nominees for Best British Video.In January 2015 she began the Sweet Talker Tour to promote the album. In 2016, <mask> joined the cast of voices for Ice Age: Collision Course singing the movie's theme song "My Superstar" (written by Alexander Geringas and Nikki Leonti) featuring Tha Vill. The song was eventually not released as a single and was not included in the soundtrack. 2017–present: R.O.S.E. and Singer 2018

On 11 August 2017, <mask> released a new single, "Real Deal", for M&M's advertising campaign. On 12 September, she announced her fourth album R.O.S.E. and the single "Think About That", which was released on 15 September 2017 as the album's lead single.Four further songs from R.O.S.E. were then released, with "Think About That" representing realization. "Not My Ex", was released as its second single on 6 October 2017 and represents obsession and the third single "Queen" was released on 17 November 2017, representing empowerment. In October 2017, <mask> began her R.O.S.E. tour across Europe and the US to promote the upcoming album. In January 2018, she appeared on the sixth season of the Chinese singing competition I Am a Singer. <mask> won the competition, making history as the first international singer to win the season in the show's six-year history, accompanying with the record of having topped number-one performances in five out of the first ten (of eleven) elimination rounds.The series cast also included two of the six other initial singers (singers entering on the first week of the competition with the exemption of participating Breakout rounds) Angela Chang and Wang Feng, and also her closest rival and runner-up for the season, Hua Chenyu, who would later go on to win the eighth season held two years later. In May 2018, her fourth studio album R.O.S.E. was released. The album was released as four EPs titled Realisations, Obsessions, Sex, and Empowerment, creating an acronym for "R.O.S.E." The album moved away from the pop sound heard in much of her past music, instead taking on an R&B style. In September 2018, <mask> announced her first Christmas album titled This Christmas Day, which was released on 26 October 2018. In December 2018, <mask> confirmed that she would be appearing as a coach on The Voice Kids UK alongside Pixie Lott, <mask> and will.i.am for its third series.She also stated in an Instagram Live that she wants to write new pop/soul songs. In April 2019 <mask> began touring festivals across Europe and Asia. She announced via Instagram that the tour is called The Lasty Tour, in honour of her close friend and bodyguard Dave Last "Lasty" who died in December 2018. <mask> co-wrote "One More Try" with Max Martin and Oscar Holter. The track is the only original song to appear in Martin's 2019 jukebox musical & Juliet, where it is sung by Miriam-Teak Lee and <mask> Gage as <mask> and Romeo on the official soundtrack. <mask>'s own version of the song is also included on the soundtrack. Artistry and voice
Although <mask> was first identified as a soul singer, she primarily records songs of R&B and pop music with hip hop influences.Music critic Matthew Perpetua of Pitchfork Media compared her to her peers Adele and Amy Winehouse, but suggested she was missing something: "Whereas Adele and Winehouse also have powerhouse voices, they fit into clear aesthetic niches and invest their songs with depth and humanity. <mask> doesn't have even a fraction of their restraint." Perpetua added: "Her idea of showcasing her gift is to shoot for a blaring melisma on "Mamma Knows Best" that makes Christina Aguilera seem as subtle as <mask> Mitchell by comparison." Ailbhe Malone of the music magazine NME also recognised Cornish's "undeniably potent voice". However, she pointed out the possible "identity crisis" that might have been caused by <mask>'s songwriter past: "This is an album of singles for other artists. There's Rihanna <mask> ('Do It...'), <mask> ('Abracadabra'), Pixie <mask> ('Mamma Knows Best'), <mask> ('Big White Room')." Caroline Sullivan of The Guardian shared her positive opinion about the singer, saying that "if any singer has the potential to be the British Katy Perry or Pink, with the accompanying millions of sales, it's her".Sullivan also complimented Cornish's attitude: "[Her songs] are delivered with a confidence that money can't buy." <mask>. has been compared to Perry, and has expressed admiration for Perry's music and her work ethic. She said, "Her hard work, her dedication, and how she deals with having the world stare at her every move, personally and professionally, with such dignity and strength, is inspiring." Entertainment Weeklys music critic Adam Markovitz said of <mask>: "The 23-year-old Brit has all the tools, from a monster voice to an ear for hooks—she co-wrote Miley Cyrus' 'Party in the U.S.A.'—and a manic persona that's equal parts Katy Perry, Kristin Chenoweth, and Alice Cooper." <mask> calls her fans "heartbeats", after her Heartbeat Tour. Of them, she has said, "They're amazing, and they're the only reason I'm here at the VMAs and people know who I am ... They support me and buy my albums and singles, and they stand outside hotels, and they come to shows, and they get tattoos of my lyrics and they cut their hair like me.You have to love your fans. That's why I call them my Heartbeats, because without them I wouldn't be here." Personal life

Sexuality and feminism
Asked about her bisexuality in an interview on the "In Demand" radio show on 3 March 2011, <mask> stated, "I've never denied it. Whoopie doo guys, yes, I've dated girls and I've dated boys – get over it." Sophie Wilkinson of The Guardian argued that <mask>'s sexuality was valuable to young teens, especially for young girls unsure of themselves because of their sexuality and identity, to feel "that this does happen and this is normal." In April 2014, <mask> renounced her bisexuality, stating, "For me, it was a phase. But I'm not saying bisexuality is a phase for everybody."Laura Kay of The Guardian said although she would never deny anyone the right to define their own sexuality, <mask> renouncing her bisexuality "feels like such a loss for young gay or questioning people who look up to her", and wondered if the wrong message might have been sent because  is "an unhelpful term as this is an idea that gay people find themselves constantly battling against." She identifies as a feminist, and believes that equal rights should be a normality and that her responsibility of being a woman includes "being confident and not standing down for any ego or suit." Residence

In 2014, <mask> relocated from London to Los Angeles, California. She cited work opportunities and dissatisfaction with the level of focus in the UK on her personal life rather than on her singing, saying, "In America they see me as a singer whereas here I feel that people don't appreciate my voice." Relationships
In November 2014, she started dating American singer <mask>. The couple ended their relationship in October 2015. It is unclear whether the pair rekindled their relationship, but they went on to perform together a couple of times.Health
In early 2011, she suffered a panic attack on stage after she was forced to perform in the dark. "I did a gig recently and had a panic attack on stage," she said. "The night was called 'Black Out' and I had to perform in the dark. I asked them to turn on the lights and they didn't. I was onstage in pitch black and, because I couldn't see anything, I started to panic. It was awful." <mask> is a vegan.In an Instagram post on Christmas Eve in 2020, she revealed that she has been diagnosed with Ménière's disease. In the post, she wrote how the condition made her feel like "someone crawled" into her ear "and turned a hair dryer on." The disorder affects the inner ear, and can lead to severe dizziness, ringing in the ear and hearing loss. In November 2021, she announced that she had suffered a miscarriage. Charitable activities
<mask> has appeared on the major UK charity telethons, Children in Need and Comic Relief, both broadcast on the BBC. She confirmed on 2 August 2011 that she would be shaving her hair off for charity in 2012. Speaking via her official Twitter account she said: "It's hair, It will grow back.Even if it takes 2 years, if it saves lives it's worth it. Even if its 1 life that's something." On 15 March 2013, <mask>'s head was shaved live during Red Nose Day 2013, helping to raise money for Comic Relief. In November 2011, <mask> performed "Nobody's Perfect" at the charity concert Children in Need Rocks Manchester held at the Manchester Arena to raise money for Children in Need 2011. <mask> is a supporter of UK children's charity Believe in Magic, a charity that grants wishes to terminally ill children across the UK. In July 2012 she performed "Laserlight" on stage with a 7-year-old fan, leukaemia sufferer Daniel Sullivan. Sullivan died four months later.Discography

 Who You Are (2011)
 Alive (2013)
 Sweet Talker (2014)
 R.O.S.E. (2018)
 This Christmas Day (2018)

Filmography

Tours

Headlining
 Heartbeat Tour (2011–2012)
 Alive Tour (2013)
 Sweet Talker Tour (2015)
 R.O.S.E Tour (2017–2018)

Opening
 Girls Aloud Tangled Up Tour (2008)
Chris Brown Fan Appreciation Tour (2009)

Special guest
 The Jingle Ball Tour (December 2014)

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
21st-century English women singers
21st-century English singers
Brit Award winners
British contemporary R&B singers
British hip hop singers
British women hip hop musicians
Electropop musicians
English autobiographers
English electronic musicians
English expatriates in the United States
English feminists
English mezzo-sopranos
English women in electronic music
English women pop singers
English women singer-songwriters
Feminist musicians
Island Records artists
Participants in British reality television series
People educated at the BRIT School
People from Chadwell Heath
People with Ménière's Disease
Singers from London
Singers with a four-octave vocal range
Synth-pop singers
pop rock singers
british pop rock

masks:
Jessie
Jessie J
Jessie
DJ Cassidy
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Danny Jones
Jessie
Jessie J
Jordan Luke
Juliet
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Joni
Jessie
Jessie
Perry Jessie
Jessie
Ellie Jessie
Jessie J
Jessie
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie J
Luke James
Jessie J
Jessie J
Jessie
Jessie J
Jessie J


text_chunks:
<mask> (born July 9, 1970) is a former American football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for fifteen seasons. He played college football for Indiana University. He was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the eighth round of the 1993 NFL Draft, and also played for the BC Lions, Washington Redskins, St. Louis Rams, Kansas City Chiefs and Miami Dolphins. He earned a Super Bowl ring with the Rams in Super Bowl XXXIV over the Tennessee Titans and was selected to two Pro Bowls with the Chiefs. Since his retirement from playing <mask> has worked as an NFL color analyst on radio and television. He is employed by CBS Sports. He is one of 13 quarterbacks to have completed a 99-yard pass play in the NFL.Early life
<mask> grew up in St. Louis, Missouri, and attended St. John Vianney High School in Kirkwood, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis. College career
<mask> played college football for the Indiana University Hoosiers. In 1991 Indiana played in the Copper Bowl and dominated a highly regarded Baylor team 24-0. Led by <mask>, it was one of the most impressive performances by any team during the 1991 bowl season. During <mask>'s four-year career he threw for 5,400 yards with 23 touchdowns and 31 interceptions. He graduated with a degree in business. Professional career

Early career (San Diego Chargers, BC Lions, Washington Redskins)
In 1993, <mask> was drafted as the twenty-sixth pick in the eighth round and 222nd overall by the San Diego Chargers.He spent a year as a backup and saw no playing time. After being cut in 1994 by the British Columbia Lions of the Canadian Football League, he joined the Washington Redskins. Outside of one pass thrown in 1997, he would not see NFL action until 1998, when he threw for 3,441 yards, 23 touchdowns, and 11 interceptions. <mask>'s breakout season came just in time, as he became an unrestricted free agent after the 1998 season. He rejected a 4-year, $12 million offer from the Redskins. First stint with Rams
On February 15, 1999, <mask> agreed to a 4-year $17.5 million contract with the St. Louis Rams which included a $4.5 million signing bonus. In 1999, <mask> was slated to be the starter for the Rams, but suffered a gruesome season-ending knee injury in a preseason game on a hit by Rodney Harrison of the Chargers.Unheralded backup Kurt Warner took over for <mask>, and led the Rams to a 13–3 season culminating in a dramatic 23–16 victory over the Tennessee Titans in Super Bowl XXXIV. In 2000, <mask> began the season as the backup to Warner, the reigning NFL MVP. He started five games in the middle of the season while Warner was out with a broken hand. <mask> and Warner combined to lead the Rams to the then-highest team passing yards total in NFL history. With Warner back at quarterback, the Rams were upset in the wild card round by the New Orleans Saints. <mask> was traded during the offseason to the Kansas City Chiefs for the 12th overall pick in the 2001 NFL Draft. Kansas City Chiefs
During his first season in Kansas City, <mask> struggled despite the presence of tight end Tony Gonzalez, and running back Priest Holmes.He threw for 3,783 yards and 17 touchdowns, but also threw 24 interceptions. <mask> showed marked improvement in 2002, throwing 26 touchdowns to only 13 interceptions as the Chiefs went 8-8. Also notable, <mask> tied the record for longest career pass play in NFL history (99 yards) on December 22, 2002, on a pass to Marc Boerigter in a game against the San Diego Chargers. In 2003, <mask> had his breakout year, throwing for 4,039 yards, 24 touchdowns, and 12 interceptions. He led the Chiefs to a 13–3 record and a first-round bye in the playoffs. However, in the divisional playoff game, they lost a 38–31 shootout to Peyton Manning and the Indianapolis Colts. The game was notable for there being no punts by either team, a first in NFL playoff history.<mask> was elected to his first Pro Bowl that year. The next season, the Chiefs went 7–9 as Priest Holmes suffered a knee injury in their eighth game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Tampa, Florida and missed the rest of the regular season. At the time, he was leading the league in both rushing and scoring. However, <mask> still had a stellar year, passing for 4,591 yards, 27 touchdowns, and 17 interceptions. His passing total for 2004 was second only to Minnesota's Daunte Culpepper. In 2005, the Chiefs, with an improved defense, improved their record to 10–6, but failed to make the playoffs. <mask> had another strong season in 2005, throwing for 4,010 yards (second only to New England's Tom Brady), and throwing just 10 interceptions, his lowest season total ever.<mask> was elected to his second Pro Bowl following the season. <mask> has the distinction of having four consecutive seasons with a QB rating of 90.0 or better, three of those with over 4,000 passing yards. <mask> has started 80 consecutive games during his first five years with the Chiefs, a team record. <mask>'s 2006 season was put in jeopardy by a severe concussion he suffered during the first game of the season on September 10, 2006, against the Cincinnati Bengals in Kansas City. <mask> attempted to slide during a third-quarter play, but was hit hard by Cincinnati defensive end Robert Geathers, who had lowered his shoulders, but instead struck the quarterback in an unusual position. However, the official determined that no foul had been committed and Geathers insisted that he had tried to check up, but was pushed by Chiefs receiver Eddie Kennison. CBS announcer Randy Cross, a former offensive lineman with the San Francisco 49ers, believed the hit was unintentional and supported the officials' decision.National Football League officials took the same position and, on September 13, 2006, declined to fine Robert Geathers because he did not have complete control of his body. <mask> was rendered unconscious and the game was delayed for over fifteen minutes while he received medical attention. He reportedly regained consciousness in the tunnel and could not recall the play. According to Chiefs general manager Carl Peterson, preliminary doctor's visits revealed a "very, very severe concussion" and stated that <mask> would be out indefinitely. On Saturday, October 21, 2006, it was reported that <mask> was cleared by doctors to return to practice. Chiefs president and general manager Carl Peterson said that this does not mean that he is cleared to play. Peterson confirmed that <mask>'s return to practice would be in a controlled environment to see how far along he is in his recovery from a "very, very severe concussion."On November 15, 2006, Kansas City Chiefs head coach, Herman Edwards announced that <mask> would take back his starting quarterback job from Damon Huard who took over when <mask> suffered a concussion. <mask>'s career in Kansas City ended with another playoff loss against Peyton Manning and the  Indianapolis Colts in the Wild-Card round of the 2006 NFL Playoffs. On February 27, 2007, Damon Huard was re-signed by the Chiefs for $7.5 million over 3 years, causing a "quarterback controversy" in Kansas City. <mask> initially was asked to take a pay cut in his 2007 salary, and had been granted permission to seek a trade to another team. Teams interested included the Miami Dolphins (who offered a seventh-round draft pick to the Chiefs, but the Chiefs declined, instead seeking a fifth-round pick), the Detroit Lions, and Cleveland Browns were also interested in <mask> prior to the 2007 NFL Draft. <mask> was not traded on draft weekend as previously expected. <mask> said he would not return to Kansas City, therefore making his release possible.<mask> had told the Chiefs that Miami was his preference being that he previously worked under both head coach Cam Cameron and quarterbacks coach Terry Shea. Miami Dolphins
On June 5, 2007, the Chiefs agreed to trade <mask> to the Miami Dolphins for a conditional fifth-round pick in the 2008 NFL Draft, pending a physical from <mask> which was subsequently passed. <mask> was introduced at a news conference in Miami on June 6. The draft pick would have become a fourth-round pick if <mask> played more than 70 percent of Miami's offensive plays. On August 20 the Dolphins named <mask> the starter with Cleo Lemon named as his backup, despite the fact that neither of them had thrown a touchdown pass to that point in pre-season play. Second-round pick John Beck was named third string. <mask>'s position with his new team—as well as his career—was instantly put in jeopardy on October 7 as he suffered another severe concussion early in a game against the Texans at Houston.With just under 4 minutes to play in the first quarter, <mask> put his shoulder low to the knees of 315-pound Houston defensive tackle Travis Johnson in a successful attempt to block him on a play that started with a fumbled handoff to Dolphins rookie wide receiver Ted Ginn Jr. Ginn, who was running right-to-left across the backfield when the exchange was fumbled, recovered the ball near the sidelines and then reversed field. Johnson went down in a sprawling tumble on the block at the same time <mask> fell face-down to the turf, knocked out cold after striking Johnson's knee with his helmet. Johnson, upon getting up and seeing Ginn had been stopped and the play ended, immediately walked towards <mask>'s body, jabbing his finger at the motionless quarterback. Johnson was flagged with a 15-yard penalty for taunting, and medical personnel quickly made their way to <mask>. After being examined on the field for nearly five minutes, <mask> was carted off on a stretcher as Cleo Lemon stepped in to take his place. After the game an angry Travis Johnson had harsh words for <mask>, comparing him to "the scarecrow [who] wants to get courage" and calling the block "malicious." Texans head coach Gary Kubiak, while in some ways siding with Johnson in saying that NFL officials should review the rules on "chop" blocks, also called Johnson's reaction over a fallen player "inexcusable."While many fans and sportswriters alike called for <mask> to retire,  <mask> was back with the team in practice, albeit in street clothes, the Friday after the injury after returning from Kansas City where he was evaluated by the same medical team that made the diagnosis in 2006. Coach Cam Cameron had initially expressed his plans for <mask> to return to the game before the end of the 2007 season. However, on October 20, 2007, the Dolphins announced that <mask> would be placed on injured reserve, and made Cleo Lemon their starting quarterback. Following the season, <mask> became one of nine players released by the Dolphins on February 11, 2008. Second stint with Rams
On March 10, 2008, <mask> agreed to a three-year deal worth about $9 million with the St. Louis Rams, rejoining the team he played for in 1999 and 2000. On September 23, 2008, <mask> was named the starter for week 4 versus the Buffalo Bills. He completed 17 of 32 passes for 236 yards with one interception and a quarterback rating of 64.1.On November 9, 2008, against the Jets, <mask> took over for Marc Bulger after Bulger was shut out by the Jets in the first half. The Rams released <mask> on February 25, 2009. Retirement
<mask> retired from professional football on June 12, 2009, citing a desire to pursue a career in broadcasting. <mask>'s agent, Jim Steiner, said "He had a long, prosperous, very successful career. He believes he can still play, but the demand isn't real high out there right now and he's not the type of guy who is going to sit around for four or five months waiting for the phone to ring." Post-NFL career
In the 2009 NFL season, <mask> started doing work as a color analyst on regional NFL games for the Fox network for one season, as well as a studio analyst for the NFL Total Access show on the NFL Network. He also worked with Ian Eagle calling Thursday Night Football games on Westwood One radio and with Paul Burmeister on Kansas City Chiefs preseason broadcasts.In April 2014, <mask> was hired by CBS as an NFL analyst alongside Greg Gumbel, and later with Kevin Harlan. <mask> sometimes works as a guest analyst for the NFL on Westwood One. In July 2012, <mask> was named the forty-first greatest quarterback of the NFL's post-merger era, according to Football Nation. On November 22, 2016, <mask> was named the Big Ten's Dungy-Thompson Humanitarian Award winner. Personal life
<mask> has 2 sons and a daughter. One son, <mask>. (T.J.), is a quarterback for Northwestern. His other son Derek, is a quarterback at SMU.See also
Most consecutive starts by a quarterback (NFL)

References

External links

1970 births
Living people
American football quarterbacks
BC Lions players
American Conference Pro Bowl players
Indiana Hoosiers football players
Kansas City Chiefs players
Miami Dolphins players
National Football League announcers
Sportspeople from Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Players of American football from Iowa
Players of American football from St. Louis
Players of Canadian football from St. Louis
San Diego Chargers players
St. Louis Rams players
Washington Redskins players
Alliance of American Football announcers

masks:
Trent Jason Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Trent Green
Green
Green
Green
Trent Jr


text_chunks:
<mask> (also Bezellon, or Bizaillon), (baptized Pierre) ( – 18 July 1742) was a French-Canadian fur trader and interpreter who spent most of his career in Pennsylvania engaged in trade with Native American communities. Bisaillon and other coureurs des bois dominated the Pennsylvania fur trade during the late 17th and early 18th century, as they were skilled hunters and trappers and had established good relations with local Native American tribes. Bisaillon and his colleagues were regarded with suspicion by Pennsylvania authorities, however, and he was frequently accused and jailed on false or minor charges. He was eventually forced out of the fur trade, but retired a wealthy man. Birth and immigration to North America
Bisaillon was born in Saint-Jean-d'Aubrigoux, diocese of Clermont, Auvergne, (dept. of Haute-Loire) France to Benoit Bisaillon (b. 1638) and Louise-Françoise Blaise Dublay (b.1642). He came to New France with his three brothers (Étienne, Benoit, and Michel) in about 1680. He and his brothers were probably inspired to move to Canada by the example of their cousin Mathieu Faye (1641-1695), who was serving in the Carignan-Salières Regiment in Quebec. Brothers
Étienne Bisaillon purchased land in Laprairie outside Montreal in November, 1682 and all four brothers occupied themselves in trading with various native tribes. Étienne began trading in 1683 with the Ottawa Indians and became a wealthy landowner with a home in Montreal, although he frequently entered into debt to pay for equipment and supplies on his trading journeys. He was killed by Iroquois Indians at Laprairie on 25 September 1697. Benoit Bisaillon worked as a trader with the Sioux Indians for several years, then purchased land and became a farmer outside Montreal.In June 1700 he drowned while traveling in a canoe between Laprairie and Montreal. Michel Bisaillon was involved in fur trading between Detroit and New York, and eventually partnered with his brother <mask> in Pennsylvania trading. His association with the English fur trade raised questions in Montreal about his loyalty to France. Hoping to clear his name with French authorities, Michel used his trade relationship with the Illinois Indians to mobilize their support for the French. At the beginning of the First Fox War in 1715 he led hundreds of Illinois warriors to aid the French in an attack on the Fox Indians. He was thereafter banned from trading in Pennsylvania and lived out the rest of his life in Laprairie. Some sources also refer to a Louis Bisaillon, a Claude Bisaillon, and a Richard Bisaillon.Career

Travels with Henri de Tonti
In February 1686 Pierre (<mask>) Bisaillon was one of twenty-five men who went with Henri de Tonti to search for René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle at the mouth of the Mississippi, but they could not locate him. They returned up the river and established the Arkansas Post, the first European settlement in the lower Mississippi River Valley, where traders would exchange French goods with the local Quapaw for beaver furs. They then returned to Montreal. Early business venture, 1687
In 1687 Bisaillon entered into a partnership with Gédéon Petit and the Sieur de Salvaye, (Pierre Salvaye Tremont) two coureurs des bois who were wanted by French authorities for breaking trading rules by trafficking with the English and so had transferred their operations to Albany from Montreal (where Salvaye had served as an ambassador and Petit had managed a brothel). In a letter from New York dated 4 July 1687, Governor Thomas Dongan wrote to a Seneca chief: I have given leave to Mr. Gideon & Salvay & his Company, being french that Run away from Canida, to goe up by ye way of Susquehanne & trade amongst ye Indians. They have my Passe & you must tell yr People to do them No harme being gone upon Discovery. The trading venture ended when their boat sank and their cargo was lost.In a letter from Pennsylvania Governor William Markham to Governor Francis Nicholson of Maryland on 26 June 1696, Markham says: I enclose to your Excellency what I found among castaway papers. Basalion was in equal partnership with Petit and Salvay, though it went in only their two names, Basalion coming in after the others had provided for the voyage, and after the voyage was overthrown, I divided the left cargo, and Basalion had one-third. Partnership with Jacques Le Tort
About 1688 Bisaillon arrived in Pennsylvania, "poor and miserable," and joined the trading company of Jacques Le Tort, a Huguenot refugee. Le Tort was employed by the New Mediterranean Sea Company managed by Daniel Coxe and Matthias Vincent, who attempted to establish a colony of French Huguenots in East and West Vincent Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania and planned to create an empire in the Indian trade on the south shore of Lake Erie. The colony failed because Huguenot families did not want to move from Philadelphia to wild lands along the Susquehanna River, although Jacques Le Tort and his wife Anne established a homestead there. Vincent died in 1687 and Coxe sold the company to the London Company in 1692, but Bisaillon and other coureurs des bois went on trading in Pennsylvania. Bisaillon eventually went to work for the Pennsylvania Company and its manager Robert Quary.When a band of Shawnees came into Pennsylvania in 1694, Bisaillon met his old friend Martin Chartier, who had been on La Salle's 1679 expedition, but had mutinied and fled. He had married a Shawnee woman and assimilated into her band. By the late 1690s the Canadian fur trade network had become so well-developed that there was a glut of furs coming into Quebec, leading to a drop in prices. For a few years Bisaillon, Chartier and Le Tort ran a smuggling operation, bringing furs from Detroit to Albany and Pennsylvania, where the English paid a higher price for them. On 4 May 1696 Casperus Augustine Herman, son of Augustine Herman and Lord of Bohemia Manor, wrote to the Maryland  Provincial Council that "<mask> does now live at St. John's, in Chester County, Pennsylvania, but formerly lived thirty miles backwards from any inhabitants, where he treated with the Indians, and was then reported that...Capt. Le Tort, a Frenchman, does now live back in the woods in the same place where the said Basilion formerly lived, and trades with the Indians." This indicates that Bisaillon decided to move out of the backcountry, closer to a town such as Downingtown, while his colleague Jacques Le Tort took over the direct trade with the Native Americans who supplied most of their furs.Legal problems in Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania authorities including William Penn suspected that Bisaillon and other coureurs des bois such as Le Tort and Chartier were spying for the French, that they were "very dangerous persons" who "kept private correspondence with the Canida Indians and the French," who "entertained strange Indians in remote and obscure places," and who "uttered suspicious words." They were harassed, arrested and imprisoned, often on false or minor charges. Conspiracy trial, 1693-04
In response to rumors that Canada was preparing for an invasion, Mrs. Anne Le Tort, <mask>illon, and a man named Captain Dubois were accused on 19 December 1693 before the Provincial Council of Pennsylvania of having carried on a secret correspondence in the year before with "the strange Indians called the Shall-Narooners (Shawnees) and the French of Canada." The accusation, by Thomas Jenner and Polycarpus Rose, stated that Bisaillon's servant had left a packet of letters from <mask>, wrapped up in a blue linen cloth, which was then picked up by "James the Frenchman." She stated that "a certain Indian king" had told her that <mask>illon had said to him that "they were not like to hold the land much longer, for that they were not satisfied for it." Another witness testified that "there had been Severall letters & powders sent to Canada by <mask>ilion." This was presented as evidence of conspiracy.Bisaillon, Mrs. Le Tort and Dubois were imprisoned by Pennsylvania authorities on charges of conspiring with local tribes and with the coureurs des bois to seize control of Pennsylvania territory. After an investigation, Anne Le Tort was released but Bisaillon and Dubois were tried. They were eventually released on condition that they report to the Provincial Governor any hostile movement on the part of the French of which they had knowledge. As an added precaution, they were under constant surveillance. Trafficking indictment, 1701
In 1701, William Penn and the Council considered the case of "<mask> [and his brother, probably Michel], who have been suspected to be very dangerous persons in their traffic with the Indians, in this troublesome conjuncture of affairs." The Council decided "that it was absolutely necessary the said two Frenchmen should be confined, and restrained from inhabiting or trading amongst the Indians."<mask> was indicted on charges of "trafficking with the savages," which was an attempt to pressure him into obtaining a formal trader's license issued by the Province of Pennsylvania. Espionage charges, 1702
In 1702 Robert Quary, Surveyor General of the Customs for New Jersey and Pennsylvania, and a former employer of <mask>illon, accused Bisaillon of having been sent to Pennsylvania from Quebec as a spy, and informed the Provincial Council that "the French are settling themselves on the back of Pennsylvania, about four days journey from New Castle, and...offered this Article to show the danger of the Country for want of a due provision for their defence." At a hearing in London on 9 June 1702, Jacques Le Tort, Bisaillon's business partner, testified in Bisaillon's defense, describing their long friendship after Bisaillon's arrival in the Province:

M. Le Tort, a Frenchman, who has lived many years in that country, was heard, at Mr. Penn's request. He said that ...<mask>, the pretended [spy], came to Pennsylvania poor and miserable, and hath been helped by him [Le Tort] and other Refugees to work for their living...having lived there about...13 or 14 [years]. Confiscation of goods, 1708
In 1703 <mask> was granted a license to trade with the local tribes after making a deposit of five hundred pounds, guaranteeing his "loyalty to the province." He was obliged to give security bonds several times between 1700 and 1711. In 1708, Bisaillon's goods were seized by the Admiralty Court in Philadelphia, by order of the Admiralty Judge Robert Quary, who still suspected him in his dealings with the French and Indians.On 24 June 1708 James Logan wrote on his behalf to William Penn:

...<mask> who has long traded here, and behaved himself well last year had some Indian goods seized by the collector because imported by a foreigner...At his earnest request, I took his bond for it, everybody exclaiming against the severity for though a Frenchman, he had been very faithful, and believing that upon his application and thy knowledge of the matter, thou would not touch with it. For these nine months past, he has been out with Michel in quest of the mines, and in the meantime, unhappy, had another parcel of a greater value seized, which are also condemned...and was sold by the admiralty. I know not what to do in such a point, but must crave thy direction. He is desirous if he stays here to procure a denization from England, in which it would be kind to be helpful to him, for he is useful and accounted very honest by those who trade with him. But I fear he will leave us and if provoked, is capable of doing much hurt. The mines referred to were supposed veins of silver ore reportedly discovered by the Swiss explorer Franz Ludwig Michel on the Potomac in 1707, and Michel engaged Chartier and James Le Tort as well as Bisaillon in several unsuccessful attempts to find them again. In October 1708 Bisaillon was granted permission from Logan (who controlled the commissioners of property) to build a house and plant fields "on any of the Lands above Conestoga not Possesst or made use by the Indians...paying One Deer Skin yearly for the privilege."Imprisonment, 1710
In November, 1709 James Logan was forced to flee to England after his arrest was ordered by the Pennsylvania Assembly, and without Logan's protection, Bisaillon was jailed again in March 1710 on accusations of loyalty to the French and plans to incite the Indians against the English. Deputy Governor Charles Gookin stated that:
...he has been informed one <mask>, a French man and...a trader amongst the Indians at Conestogo, has lately spoken some suspicious words and committed some misdemeanors, whereupon he had caused his Effects to be seized, the better to oblige him to appear and answer unto what should be laid to his Charge...The said Bizalion should enter into a Recognizance with the Queen, in five hundred pounds...for the said Bizalion's personal appearance...and his good behavior in the meantime, which being done, his Effects to be restored to him. On August 22, 1711, after nearly eighteen months in jail, Bisaillon posted 508 pounds for bail and was ordered to appear at the next court session in Philadelphia. In 1712 Bisaillon was permitted to continue his trade with the Indians, once again with the assistance of James Logan, who had returned from England and wanted to establish a partnership with him. Affiliation with James Logan
In 1712 Bisaillon was offered a partnership with William Penn's secretary, James Logan, who was growing politically powerful while nearly monopolizing the Indian trade. Logan built a trading post at Conestoga township on the Susquehanna River and Bisaillon, Le Tort and Chartier became key players in Logan's trading organization, supplying most of the furs for Logan for several years. A license document dated 15 October 1714 grants Bisaillon 250 acres of land, "at Peshtang or any other Indian Town or Place on Sasquehannah within this Province," with permission to build any necessary buildings "during his Trade there or till further order shall be given herein by the Proprietor or his Commissioners provided alwayes that the said <mask> shall not act or proceed in any thing under colour hereof but by the free leave & approbation of the Indians amongst whom he dwells or resides."After <mask>'s brother Michel became involved in military activities against Indian tribes supporting the English in 1715, Logan felt compelled to replace his French traders with English colonials. Bisaillon and Chartier went on to establish trading posts in Paxtang, Pennsylvania. Chartier died in 1718. James Logan maintained a good friendship with Bisaillon until the end of his life, and in 1719 he asked Isaac Taylor to survey land as a gift for Bisaillon and his wife, on the Susquehanna River near Conewago Creek. Seven hundred acres was surveyed for Martha Bisaillon, and <mask> built a home there. Logan's letter to Taylor says, in part:

 Loving ffriend. Thou wilt receive from <mask>izaillon himself the warrants on orders for surveying a thousand acres of land to his wife and her brother, in executing of which I doubt it will be difficult to reconcile his and Anne Le Tort's expectations, but I request thee to use thy endeavours.<mask> will talk high, but generally harkens to reason. However, his and M. Combs' conveniency are principally to be regarded, tho' on the other hand I am very desirous the old gentlewoman should have some land that she may be fixed, and leave something to her grandchildren. Pray see that it be laid out of a sufficient depth; I think a mile and a half or a quarter, at least, is little enough, but this is left to thee, and thou art by no means to produce or mention this letter...Keep this wholly to thyself. Thy real friend, J. LOGAN. A letter in French from James Logan to Bisaillon, dated 22 November 1725, mentions Logan's promise to visit Bisaillon's niece and discusses a land deal with James Le Tort, indicating Logan's ongoing friendship with Bisaillon. Fluent in several Native American dialects, Bisaillon was employed as an Unami language interpreter for the Lenape at conferences in Philadelphia in 1717, 1720, 1721, and 1728 (together with Nicholas Scull II). He retired shortly afterwards on his estate of over 700 acres near Conoy Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.Marriage and family
In 1727 he married Martha Combe (1691-1764) from Pennsylvania. She also occasionally served as an interpreter during conferences between local tribes and the provincial authorities. They apparently had no children, although a letter dated 27 August 1701 exists, written to <mask> from Jahanna Beselion, daughter of Jahanna Sioute, claiming him as her father and begging his acknowledgement. It is unknown what his response was. Some sources state that Bisaillon married a Native American woman, possibly of the Piscataway tribe, in 1697. She is referred to as Marie Thérèse Kouaga or Marie Thérèse Osunesa. She is mentioned only once in official records, but not by name, when she was asked to interpret in May, 1704: "Two Onondagoe Indians were again called to receive their answer and <mask>zillion's wife being in town, who understands their language well, was also called to interpret."Death
He died on 18 July 1742 and, as he had no children, his property went to his wife's nephews. He names eight slaves in his will. He is buried in East Caln Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Legacy
Bisaillon's trade route, one of the first roads in the area, which probably followed some well-traveled Indian trails, became known as "Old Peter’s Road." It dated from 1707 near Bareville to 1712 near Conoy Township, and ran from the Susquehanna east through Chester County, Delaware County and Downingtown to Philadelphia along what is now Pennsylvania Route 340. "Bezalion's Cave," a cave used by Bisaillon to store furs and traps, was located on the west bank of the Schuylkill River, near what is now Spring City, Pennsylvania. It appears on several eighteenth-century maps of the area.The cave was very likely filled in during the construction of the Schuylkill Canal in 1825. External links

References

Canadian explorers
French emigrants to pre-Confederation Quebec
1660s births
1742 deaths
Immigrants to New France
Fur traders
American frontier
Interpreters

masks:
Peter Bisan
Peter
Peter
Peter Basilion
Peter Bisa
Peter
Peter Bisa
Peter Bisa
Peter Basailion
Peter Bisan
Peter Bisa
Peter Belion
Peter
Peter Barzalion
Peter Bizalion
Peter
Peter
Peter
Peter B
Peter
Peter
Peter Be