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<mask> (baptised 29 June 1628 – 29 December 1696) was a Spanish mystic, the chief representative of the religious revival known as Quietism. Biography
He was born in 1628 near Muniesa (Teruel), in Aragon, a village around  south of Zaragoza. His birthdate is unknown, but church records indicate he was baptised on 29 June 1628. He moved to Valencia in his youth and undertook religious education with the Jesuits there at the College of St Paul. He was ordained in 1652, and seemingly took his doctorate shortly thereafter at Coimbra. He held a benefice in the church of Santo Tomas and was confessor to a community of nuns. On 4 June 1662, <mask> was admitted to the local chapter of the School of Christ, a religious brotherhood that would play an important role in his later life in Rome.He seems in these early years in Valencia to have held a number of secondary roles in the chapter's leadership, at least one of which earned him a place on the chapter's governing body. In July 1663, <mask> was chosen to travel to Rome as procurator of the cause of the beatification of the Venerable Francisco Jerónimo Simón (d. 1612), a secular cleric and beneficer of the parish of St Andrews in Valencia. He left Spain in late 1663; he would not return. There is almost no specific evidence of Molinos's activities in Rome in 1663–1675. It is known that Molinos was affiliated with the Roman chapter of the School of Christ (and, by 1671 at the latest, had become its leader). He also became well known as a spiritual director – and it was in this role that he gained prominence as the leading advocate of the teaching and practice that would come to be known as Quietism. He was a regular correspondent with Princess Borghese, and counted as an admirer, Cardinal <mask> <mask>, who in 1676 became Pope Innocent XI.He also paid frequent visits to the house of the exiled Christina, Queen of Sweden. He was also in these years working on the case of the Venerable Simón; by 1675, however, Molinos had to admit to his superiors in Valencia that the Congregation of Rites had refused to reconsider the case. <mask>'s royal commission and line of credit were revoked, and he was deprived of his official position in the Valencian delegation in Rome. In the same year, 1675, Molinos published his most famous work, the Spiritual Guide. The initial Spanish edition was quickly followed by an Italian translation entitled Guida spirituale, che disinvolge l'anima e la conduce per l'interior camino all' acquisito della perfetta contemplazione e del ricco tesoro della pace interiore (Spiritual Guide, which releases the soul and conducts it through the interior path to acquire the perfect contemplation and rich treasure of interior peace). The work was published with the usual approval from the ecclesiastical authorities – the book received the imprimatur from the Dominican Raimondo Capizucchi, the pope's own theologian, and the book opened with approbations by clergy of the Trinitarian, Franciscan, Carmelite, Capuchin and Jesuit orders. This was followed soon after in 1675 by a brief Trattato della cotidiana communione (Brief Treatise on Daily Communion), in which Molinos argued that those who wished to receive the Eucharist daily should not be denied by their confessor, so long as they were in a state of grace.Again, this work was approved by the censors of several orders. Quietist controversy

According to Daniel-Rops, <mask>' recommended absolute passivity and contemplation in total repose of the spirit. Activity disrupts passive receptivity, therefore, even devotions are harmful, as they focus on something sensible, such as the Humanity of Christ. God allows sin in order to discipline and purify the soul, so it was wrong to resist temptation. <mask>'s writings were extremely popular. By 1685 seven editions had been printed in Italy and three in Spain. Translations of the book were made into Latin (1687), French (1688), Dutch (1688), English (1688), and German (1699)

His ideas might have been condemned sooner but for the esteem in which he was held by Innocent XI, Capizucchi, and some influential cardinals.Inigo Caracciolo, Archbishop of Naples, said that in convents of religious women, sisters rejected vocal prayer in preference to the prayer of quiet. Cardinal Albizzi of the Holy Office, also took a dim view. Rumors spread throughout Rome denouncing Molinos' alleged conduct with his female penitents. The first attack on Molinos's Guide (though without specifically mentioning the <mask> or Molinos) appeared in 1678, written by Gottardo Bell’huomo. <mask> evidently felt that Bell’huomo's book could not be ignored, because shortly after he wrote (though never published) an apologia for his Guide entitled Defence of Contemplation, aiming to defend the Guide against charges of theological innovation. Specifically, he marshalled a long list of past writers and saints (including Francisco Suarez and Jean-Joseph Surin) in order to demonstrate that the Guide’s principal thesis – that in order to pass to the state of contemplation one must leave behind meditative practices was a well-established part of church doctrine. (He was aware of the focus in the writings of Ignatius of Loyola on meditation, and the likelihood that Jesuit writers would react poorly to any perceived attack on Ignatius’s thought.He was quick to emphasise that these are certainly an important stage of the spiritual life.) Instead of publishing the book, Molinos took up his case with the superior general of the Jesuits, Giovanni Paolo Oliva. In a series of letters from February 1680 onwards, Molinos sought to assure Oliva that he had nothing but praise and respect for the Jesuits and their spirituality. A second moment of suspicion against Molinos arose in 1681. In March 1680, the Jesuit preacher Paolo Segneri, a renowned doctor of ascetical theology, wrote to Oliva, proposing a book defending meditation against the quietists’ teaching. Oliva encouraged him and forwarded copies of the letters he had recently sent to Molinos. Later in 1680, a book was published in Florence, titled Concordia tra la fatica e la quiete nell' orazione (Agreement Between Effort and Quiet in Prayer), with Oliva's name signed as imprimatur.The book attacked <mask>'s views, though without mentioning his name. During 1680–1681, a series of responses appeared from both the quietists and the Jesuits. The matter was referred to the Inquisition. In late 1681, it pronounced that the Guida spirituale was perfectly orthodox, censured Segneri, and placed his book on the Index (later in 1681, Bellhuomo's work was also placed on the Index). The apparent Quietist victory, however, was short-lived. Cardinal d'Estrées, French ambassador at Rome, acting on instructions from Paris, denounced him to the authorities. On 18 July 1685, <mask> was arrested by the pontifical guards and imprisoned in the Castel Sant’Angelo.At first his friends were confident of an acquittal, and it seems that many in Rome remained sympathetic to his beliefs, but matters gradually turned against him. In spring 1687, <mask> was brought before a tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition and asked to explain his teaching, with 263 questionable propositions from his works at stake. Although initially defending them, by May 1687 his attitude had changed and he confessed his errors of conduct and teaching and waived his opportunity to present a defence. By July, the tribunal had isolated 68 objectionable propositions and had prepared articles of censure for each. On 23 August 1687, the entire case was read to the cardinal inquisitors, and on 2 September <mask>'s sentence (life in prison) was announced. On 3 September <mask> made a public profession of his errors in the Dominican Church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva. On 20 November Pope Innocent XI ratified his condemnation in the bull Coelestis Pastor, condemning 68 propositions from the Guida spirituale and other unpublished writings of its author.Molinos died nine years later in the prison of the Holy Office on 29 December 1696. Later reputation
For the last three centuries, Molinos has chiefly been known as the main proponent of the most fundamental mystical heresy in Catholicism, a heresy which has come to be the touchstone for doctrinal judgements about correct and incorrect claims for mystical contact with God. Most assessments of him have been accordingly negative. In the second half of the twentieth century, however, the assessment of Eulogio Pacho has been somewhat more circumspect, aware of the problematic bias in the various sources on Molinos. Bernard McGinn is not entirely forgiving of Molinos as a person, pointing out that it seems likely that he did, as he was accused, engage in sexual misconduct with some of his penitents during his work as a spiritual director. McGinn, however, is keen to point out how far the errors condemned in the bull Coelestis Pastor do not in fact exist in the Spiritual Guide. Rather, he argues, the imprecision and lack of qualifications in Molinos's work left him open to attack, and this was exacerbated by the fact that his book (with its various ambiguities) focused on certain issues (notably contemplation over meditation, interior quiet over vocal prayer, and passivity over pious action) which had become heated debates in the preceding century.Even today we do not know if the rumors of sexual misconduct were even made at his trial as the text of the record and the trial have yet to be released by the Vatican. His last words to a priest before entering his cell of imprisonment were: "Good-by, Father. We shall meet again on the day of judgement. Then it will be seen if the truth was on your side or mine." Henry Longfellow wrote a sonnet about him. William James, in The Varieties of Religious Experience said he was a 'spiritual genius'. See also
Inquisition
Quietism (Christian philosophy)

Notes

References

Further reading

Spanish editions
<mask> <mask>, Guía Espiritual: Edición critica, introducción y notas, edited with an introduction by José Ignacio Tellechea Idígoras, (Madrid: Fundación Universitaria Española, 1976).<mask> <mask>, Defensa de la contemplación, edited with a preliminary study and notes by Eulogio Pacho, (Madrid: FUE/Univ. Pontificia de Salamanca, 1988) [also include <mask>'s Scioglimento ad alcune obiettioni fatte contra il libro della Guida Spirituale]

English translations
 <mask> <mask>, The Spiritual Guide, ed and trans by Robert P Baird, (New York: Paulist Press, 2010) [prepared from the 1976 critical edition]
 The Unabridged Collected Works of <mask> and Francois Fenelon (Kahley House, 2006)
 The Spiritual Guide (SeedSowers, 1972)

Secondary literature
 Eulogio Pacho, 'Molinos (<mask> de)', in Dictionnaire de Spiritualité, vol 10, (1980), ed by Marcel Villier et al., 17 vols, (Paris: Gabriel Beauchesne, 1937–1994). Christian Renoux, 'Quietism', in The Papacy: An Encyclopedia, vol 3, edited by Philippe Levillain, 3 vols, (London: Routledge, 2002)
 Ronald Knox, Enthusiasm, (Oxford: OUP, 1950)
 Paul Dudon, Le Quiétiste Espagnol: <mask> (1628–1696), (Paris: Gabriel Beauchesne, 1921)
 Carl Emil Scharling, <mask> <mask> (Ger. trans. from Danish; Gotha, 1855)
 Heinrich Heppe, Geschichte der quietistischen Mystik (Berlin, 1875). H. Delacroix, Études d'histoire et de psychologie du mysticisme (Paris, 1908). [On Quietism]
 J. H. Shorthouse's romance, John Inglesant (1881).[A brilliant, but very fanciful, account of Molinos and his doctrines.] Santiago Asensio Merino, En el centro de la nada. Venturas de <mask> Molinos. Ed. LiberFactory. Madrid 2014. . [Fiction]

External links

Roman Catholic mystics
Baroque writers
Spanish Baroque people
Spanish Golden Age
1628 births
1696 deaths
17th-century Christian mystics
Spanish people who died in prison custody
Spanish prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
Year of birth uncertain
17th-century Spanish Roman Catholic theologians

masks:
Miguel de Molinos
Molinos
Molinos
Benedetto
Odescalchi
Molinos
Molinos
Molinos
Guide
Molinos
Molinos
Molinos
Molinos
Molinos
Molinos
Miguel de
Molinos
Miguel de
Molinos
Molinos
Miguel de
Molinos
Michael Molinos
Miguel
Michel Molinos
Michael de
Molinos
Miguel de


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Alipate Aloisio Leone (born October 15, 1982) is a Tongan-American professional wrestler better known by the ring name <mask> (タマ・トンガ　Tama <mask>). He is freelancer where he currently wrestles for New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), where he is a founding member of Bullet Club; he also makes appearances for Impact Wrestling in the United States.https://impactwrestling.com/g-o-d/

Primarily a tag team wrestler, <mask> is the nephew and adopted son of professional wrestler Haku and forms the tag team Guerrillas of Destiny (G.O.D) with his cousin/adoptive brother Tanga Loa. He has also worked with NJPW's partner promotion in Mexico, Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) where he has held the CMLL World Tag Team Championship twice. Upon winning the ROH World Tag Team Championship at G1 Supercard, he became the third wrestler to have won a championship in NJPW, CMLL, and ROH, behind Rocky Romero and Matt Taven. In total, Tonga has over 13 championship reigns. Early life
Leone and his younger brother Taula were adopted by their maternal aunt and her husband, professional wrestler <mask> – better known as Haku or Meng – from his native island of Tonga while they were visiting in 1991. They took him back to Poinciana, Florida where he grew up with his biological cousin and adoptive brother, fellow professional wrestler Tevita, and his older sister Vika.After graduating from Poinciana High School high-school, he joined the United States Air Force and was stationed for six years at Whiteman Air Force Base, serving as a B-2 Spirit mechanic. At the same time, his brother Tevita was playing college football with the UTEP Miners. During a phone call in 2004 they decided they would become professional wrestlers once they had finished their respective obligations three years later. Professional wrestling career

Training and early career (2008–2010)
In January 2008, the brothers approached the Dudley Boyz to use the ring they had at the Team 3D Academy of Professional Wrestling and Sports Entertainment training school they operated in Kissimmee, Florida. They did not join the school at the time as they were being trained directly by their father and Ricky Santana, a family friend. To practice more frequently they eventually joined the Academy proper and were partly trained by Bubba Ray Dudley and D-Von Dudley. The brothers made their professional debut in November 2008, wrestling as a tag team under the name The Sons of Tonga (referencing their father) in Southern Championship Wrestling (Florida).They continued wrestling under the same name in World Xtreme Wrestling (WXW) and Puerto Rico's World Wrestling Council (WWC) until early 2009. Also in November 2008, they took part in a WWE tryout camp, two months later they were told that Tevita would be offered a contract by the company (he would later appear on television as Camacho) while Alipate would not. Alipate continued wrestling as Kava in WXW during the year, winning the WXW Television Championship on 20 June 2009 though he lost it the same day. In the first part of 2010 he returned to WWC, first as a singles wrestler with the moniker <mask> Jr. (his father had also wrestled in Puerto Rico as <mask>). He later teamed with Idol Stevens, billed as The New American Family they briefly held the WWC World Tag Team Championship. New Japan Pro-Wrestling

Debut (2010–2012)
Leone went to Japan in 2010, initially going to New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) to train, he impressed enough to be hired by the company. He made his NJPW debut in May 2010 under the name "Tama <mask>".His debut match came as part of the 2010 Super Junior Tag Tournament, where he teamed up with Davey Richards, losing in the first round to El Samurai and Koji Kanemoto. Tonga was one of sixteen wrestlers who competed in the 2010 Best of the Super Juniors tournament. He defeated Nobuo Yoshihashi, and Akira, but lost to Ryusuke Taguchi, Fujita Hayato, Kenny Omega, Koji Kanemoto, and Taiji Ishimori, ending with four points, second to last his group. He teamed up with Hirooki Goto, calling themselves Ara-tonga (a pun on Goto's nickname "Aramusha/Daredevil" and Tama's last name) to compete in the 2010 G1 Tag League tournament. They defeated the teams of Togi Makabe/Tomoaki Honma, and King Fale/Super Strong Machine, but lost to the teams of Manabu Nakanishi/Strong Man, Masato Tanaka/Tomohiro Ishii, and Yuji Nagata/Wataru Inoue, which meant they finished fourth in their group with four points. He also entered the 2011 G1 Tag League tournament, this time teaming up with Strong Man, calling themselves Muscle Pavilion. He had less success than the previous year with a solitary victory over the team of King Fale/Yuji Nagata, and losses against the other teams.On 4 January 2012, Tonga appeared in a dark match during Wrestle Kingdom VI (considered as NJPW's most important show), teaming with Captain New Japan to defeat Kyosuke Mikami and Tomoaki Honma. Excursion to CMLL (2012)
In September 2012 it was announced that Tonga would go to Mexico from 10 October 2012 and work for NJPW's partner promotion, Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). His debut match for CMLL saw him participate in the 2012 edition of CMLL's Leyenda de Azul tournament. The match was a 16-man torneo cibernetico elimination match, from which <mask> was eliminated when Atlantis and Shocker double teamed him. Following the tournament Tonga worked with a number of CMLL's top stars, including the Leyenda de Azul tournament winner Diamante Azul. On November 13, Tonga and El Terrible won the CMLL World Tag Team Championship from Atlantis and Diamante Azul. Tonga next made it to the finals of the 2012 La Copa Junior Tournament, where, on December 14, he was defeated by La Sombra in the main event of CMLL's 2012 Sin Piedad ("No Mercy") show.Bullet Club and Guerrillas of Destiny (2013–2018)

Tonga returned to NJPW in early 2013, just in time to compete in Wrestle Kingdom 7 on January 4 where he teamed up with Captain New Japan and Wataru Inoue to defeat Jado, Tomohiro Ishii and Yoshi-Hashi by pinning Jado. On April 7, <mask> and El Terrible successfully defended the CMLL World Tag Team Championship against La Máscara and Valiente at New Japan's Invasion Attack event. On May 3 at Wrestling Dontaku 2013, Tonga followed Prince Devitt and Bad Luck Fale ringside after Karl Anderson's loss to Hiroshi Tanahashi where they all attacked Tanahashi. The four of them founded a new villainous stable named Bullet Club under Devitt's leadership. On July 5, Tonga and El Terrible lost the CMLL World Tag Team Championship to Tanahashi and Jyushin Thunder Liger. Tonga regained the title from Tanahashi and Liger on September 14 with new partner Rey Bucanero. Tonga returned to CMLL with Bucanero in early October.On October 18, Tonga and Bucanero were stripped of the CMLL World Tag Team Championship when they were unable to defend the title against La Máscara and Rush due to Bucanero being sidelined with an injury. Tonga remained in CMLL until the end of the year. Returning to Japan in 2014, Tonga participated almost exclusively in tag matches the next two years,
He took part in the 2014 World Tag League with Bad Luck Fale in November of that year. They finished at the bottom of their block with a record of three wins and four losses. Tonga and Fale would team up again in the 2015 World Tag League for a worse result, picking up two wins for four losses to finish penultimate with four points. On 4 January 2016, at Wrestle Kingdom 10, Tonga teamed with Fale and Yujiro Takahashi to take part in a match to determine the inaugural NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Champions, they were defeated by Jay Briscoe, Mark Briscoe and Toru Yano when Jay pinned Tonga. On February 11 at The New Beginning in Osaka, Tonga, Fale and Takahashi defeated the Briscoes and Yano in a rematch to win the NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Championship.After a three-day reign, the three lost the title back to the Briscoes and Yano at The New Beginning in Niigata. During February, Tonga accepted an offer to join WWE. However, NJPW retained him when they offered a new contract and hired his brother. On March 3, Tonga scored the biggest singles win of his career by defeating former IWGP Heavyweight Champion and reigning IWGP Tag Team Champion Togi Makabe in the first round of the 2016 New Japan Cup. The following day, he was eliminated from the tournament in the second round by Hirooki Goto. In March 2016, Tonga announced he would reform his tag team with Tevita in NJPW, recruiting him into the Bullet Club as Tanga Loa. The team was named "Guerrillas of Destiny" (G.O.D.).On April 10 at Invasion Attack 2016, G.O.D. defeated Makabe and Honma to

masks:
Tama Tonga
Tonga
Tonga
Tonga Fifita
King Tonga
King Tonga
Tonga
Tonga
Tonga


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 become the new IWGP Tag Team Champions. They lost the title to Jay and Mark Briscoe on June 19 at Dominion 6.19 in Osaka-jo Hall. In late June 2016, Tonga returned to CMLL with his brother for a month-long excursion and the two competed in the 2016 International Gran Prix, where Tonga was the last eliminated, losing to winner Volador Jr.

Tonga was announced as one of the participants of the 2016 G1 Climax from 18 July 2016. NJPW's most prestigious tournament, it entitles its winner to an IWGP Heavyweight Championship title match at the next Wrestle Kingdom., Tonga's participation in the G1 was seen as a major step-up. In his third tournament match on 25 July, he scored the biggest win of his career by defeating Hiroshi Tanahashi (who had won the previous year's G1). Tonga finished the tournament on August 12 with a record of four wins and five losses.Returning to tag team competition with G.O.D., he and his brother regained the IWGP Tag Team Championship from the Briscoe Brothers on October 10 at King of Pro-Wrestling. They reached the final of the 2016 World Tag League but lost to Togi Makabe and Tomoaki Honma on December 10. On January 4, 2017, Tonga and Loa lost the IWGP Tag Team Championship to Tomohiro Ishii and Toru Yano in a three-way match, also involving Makabe and Honma. On June 11 at Dominion 6.11 in Osaka-jo Hall, Tonga and Loa defeated War Machine to win the IWGP Tag Team Championship for the third time. They lost the title back to War Machine in a no disqualification match on July 1 at G1 Special in USA. Tonga participated in his second G1 Climax by entering the 2017 edition in July. He finished with a record of four wins and five losses.In December, Guerrillas of Destiny won their block in the 2017 World Tag League with a record of five wins and two losses, advancing to the finals of the tournament. On December 11, they were defeated in the finals of the tournament by Los Ingobernables de Japón (Evil and Sanada). Six days later, Guerrillas of Destiny and Bad Luck Fale defeated Evil, Sanada and Bushi to become the new NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Champions. They lost the title to Chaos (Beretta, Tomohiro Ishii and Toru Yano) in a five-team gauntlet match on January 4, 2018, at Wrestle Kingdom 12 in Tokyo Dome. The following day at New Year's Dash, they would regain the title from Chaos. Bullet Club Civil War (2018–2019)
At The New Beginning in Sapporo, Bullet Club stablemate Cody turned on the leader of the stable, Kenny Omega. This led to there being two sides to Bullet Club; Team Cody and Team Kenny.While Tama stayed neutral at Strong Style Evolved before a tag team match against Marty Scurll and Cody, Tama stated if he were to be on a team it wouldn't be Team Cody. On the first night of the Wrestling Dontaku 2018 shows, G.O.D and Fale lost the NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Championship to the Super Villains (Marty Scurll and the Young Bucks). The second night, Tama debuted the newest member to Bullet Club, Taiji Ishimori. Later, it was announced that Tama will be competing in the G1 Climax 28. At the G1 Special in San Francisco, <mask>, Loa, King Haku, Chase Owens, and Yujiro Takahashi defeated CHAOS members Gedo, Yoshi-Hashi, and Roppongi 3K (Rocky Romero, Sho and Yoh), with Tama pinning Gedo after a Tongan Death Grip by Haku to Gedo followed by a Gun Stun. At the end of the night, following Kenny's victory over Cody in the main event, Tama, Loa, and Haku came out to seemingly celebrate with Kenny and the Young Bucks in a show of loyalty, only to attack The Elite, as well as fellow Bullet Club members Hangman Page, Marty Scurll, even Chase and Takahashi, and finally Cody, when they tried to intervene. They then left the ring declaring that they were the true Bullet Club.From then on, Tonga and his associates would be announced during their entrances as members of Bullet Club OG, while the rest would be known as Bullet Club Elite. In the 2018 G1 Climax, Tonga participated in the B Block, where he tied for last place with 6 points, down from the 8 he posted in the previous two years. However, Tonga did manage to defeat the IWGP United States Champion, Juice Robinson, as well as that year's B Block winner, Kota Ibushi. On the night of the G1 Climax finals, Tama, Loa, and Ishimori won the NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Championships from the Super Villains in what was originally scheduled to be a showcase match but became a title match after Matt Jackson accepted a challenge from Loa to put the belts on the line. With this victory, Tonga became the first four-time NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Champion in NJPW history, and later that night, the Guerrillas of Destiny declared their intention to challenge the Young Bucks for the IWGP Heavyweight Tag Team Championships as well. G.O.D. would end up dropping the tag team titles at Wrestle Kingdom 13 to Sanada and EVIL in a 3 Way Match for the IWGP Heavyweight Tag Team Championship that also included The Young Bucks.On January 30, 2019, they lost the Never Openweight 6-Man Championship against Taguchi, Makabe, and Yano. Seven-time IWGP Tag Team Champion (2019-present)
On February 23, 2019, they would regain the IWGP Heavyweight Tag Team Titles by defeating Sanada & Evil at Honor Rising 2019: Day 2, starting their fifth reign. After defending the championships seven times, their reign would end when G.O.D lost to FinJuice (Juice Robinson & David Finlay) at Wrestle Kingdom 14. They would soon immediately regain the belts at The New Beginning in the USA event in Atlanta, before again losing them without a defence to Golden*Ace (Hiroshi Tanahashi & Kota Ibushi) on a New Japan Road show in Korakuen Hall. After the 2020 Pandemic, Guerrillas of Destiny would make their return to Japan as participants of the World Tag League. They would win the tournament for the first time after defeating FinJuice in the finals. They would go on to win an IWGP Tag Team Title match at the Tokyo Dome for the first time, defeating champions Dangerous Tekkers (Taichi & Zack Sabre Jr.) after Tanga Loa hit 'ApeSh*t' (a Sitout Reverse Piledriver) on Taichi after 19 minutes & 18 seconds.They lost the belts back to the Dangerous Tekkers on June 1. Freelancer and Bullet Club departure (2022-Present)
In February 2022, Tonga has revealed that he's been a free agent since January 30. At No Surrender, Jay White interfered in the Guerrillas of Destiny's match against former Bullet Club stablemates The Good Brothers (Karl Anderson and Doc Gallows) by hitting his finishing move Bladerunner on Tonga causing them to lose the match. Afterwards, White, Chris Bey, and the Good Brothers all gave the 'too sweet' hand gesture in the middle of the ring signalling that Tonga and Loa had been kicked out of the group. Personal life
Leone is the cousin of Bullet Club stablemate Bad Luck Fale, they both spent their early childhoods in Muʻa, Tonga without meeting. They were in the NJPW dojo at the same time and realised they were related when a relative commented on a photo Fale had posted on social media. In addition to his adoptive brother Tevita with whom he wrestles in NJPW as the Guerrillas of Destiny, Leone's younger (biological) brother Taula is also part of NJPW under the name Hikuleo.Alipate and Tevita live together in Orlando, Florida, commuting to Japan for tours of between a couple of weeks to three months. Championships and accomplishments

 Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre
 CMLL World Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with El Terrible (1) and Rey Bucanero (1)
 Jersey Championship Wrestling
 JCW Championship (1 time)
 New Japan Pro-Wrestling
 IWGP Tag Team Championship (7 times) – with Tanga Loa
 NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Championship (4 times) – with Bad Luck Fale and Yujiro Takahashi (1), Bad Luck Fale and Tanga Loa (2), Taiji Ishimori and Tanga Loa (1)
 World Tag League (2020) – with Tanga Loa
 Peachstate Wrestling Alliance
 PWA Heritage Championship (1 time)
 Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 Ranked No. 94 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2019
 Ranked No. 6 of the top 50 tag teams in the PWI Tag Team 50 in 2020
 Ring of Honor
 ROH World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Tanga Loa
 World Wrestling Council
 WWC World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Idol Stevens
 World Xtreme Wrestling
 WXW Television Championship (1 time)
 WrestleCircus
 WC Big Top Tag Team Championship (1 time) – Tanga Loa

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Tongan emigrants to the United States
Tongan expatriates in Japan
Tongan male professional wrestlers
American male professional wrestlers
Expatriate professional wrestlers in Japan
People from Tongatapu
Bullet Club


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<mask> (born 1 June 1970) is an Indian film actor, writer, director, and producer who predominantly appears in Tamil and Hindi films. Madhavan has won four Filmfare Awards South and three Tamil Nadu State Film Awards. He has been described as one of the few actors in India who is able to achieve pan-Indian appeal, having appeared in films from seven different languages. <mask> gained recognition in Tamil cinema through <mask>'s successful romance film Alaipayuthey (2000). He soon developed an image as a romantic hero with notable roles in two of the highest-grossing Tamil films of 2001, Gautham Vasudev Menon's directorial debut Minnale and Madras Talkies' Dumm Dumm Dumm. He achieved further critical and commercial success in the films Kannathil Muthamittal (2002), Run (2002), Anbe Sivam (2003) and Aayutha Ezhuthu (2004). In the mid-2000s, <mask> also actively pursued a career in Hindi films, by appearing in supporting roles in three highly successful productions, <mask>'s Rang De Basanti (2006), <mask>'s biopic Guru (2007) and <mask>'s 3 Idiots (2009), which went on to become the highest-grossing Indian film of all time upon release at the time.During this time, <mask> also simultaneously continued working in Tamil cinema with the films Evano Oruvan (2007) and Yavarum Nalam (2009). After appearing in further box office hits, Tanu Weds Manu (2011) and Vettai (2012), Madhavan took a break from acting. Returning after a three-year sabbatical in 2015, his comeback films, the romantic-comedy Tanu Weds Manu Returns (2015), the bilingual sports drama Irudhi Suttru (2016) and the crime film Vikram Vedha (2017) all won critical and commercial acclaim. His performance as a boorish boxing coach in Irudhi Suttru fetched him Best Actor awards at the Filmfare, IIFA and SIIMA award ceremonies. In addition to his acting career, Madhavan has worked as a writer on his films, hosted television programs and has been a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products. He has also worked as a film producer, first making Evano Oruvan with Leukos Films, before setting up Tricolour Films to produce Saala Khadoos (2016). Madhavan is noted for his philanthropic activities and promotes various causes such as environment, health, and education.He is particularly vocal about the protection of animals and was awarded PETA's Person of the Year recognition in 2011. In 2021, he was conferred the honorary degree of Doctor of Letters by D. Y. Patil Education Society, Kolhapur, for his contribution to arts and cinema. Early life
<mask> <mask> was born on 1 June 1970 in Jamshedpur, Bihar (now in Jharkhand), India to a Tamil Brahmin family. His father <mask> Iyengar was a management executive in Tata Steel and his mother, Saroja was a manager in the Bank of India. His younger sister, Devika, is a software engineer. He had a Tamil-speaking upbringing in Jharkhand. <mask> did his schooling from D.B.M.S.English School Jamshedpur. In 1988, <mask> gained a scholarship to represent India as a cultural ambassador from Rajaram College, Kolhapur and spent a year in Stettler, Alberta, Canada as part of an exchange programme with Rotary International. He returned to Kolhapur and completed his education, graduating with a BSc in Electronics. During his college years, <mask> became actively involved in extra-curricular military training and at 22, he was recognised as amongst the leading NCC cadets in Maharashtra, which allowed him to make a trip with seven others as NCC cadets to England. As a result of this opportunity, he received training with the British Army, the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force, which he had, at a point, considered joining. However he missed the age cut-off by six months and was subsequently unable to join the programme. After he lost out on the place, he began teaching courses on public speaking and personality development skills in Kolhapur and the satisfaction he gained through teaching, prompted him to pursue a post-graduation in public speaking at Kishinchand Chellaram College in Bombay.During the period, he also won the Indian Championship for Public Speaking and subsequently represented India at the Young Businessmen Conference in Tokyo, Japan in 1992. During his stint in Bombay, he opted to create a portfolio and submit it to a modelling agency in order to gain more income to set up an office. Career

1996–1998: Early work
In early 1996, <mask> worked on a sandalwood talc advertisement directed by Santosh Sivan, who later recommended him to Mani <mask> to take part in a screen test for a role in Iruvar (1997). <mask> was auditioned for the leading role of Tamizhselvan amongst several other more established actors, but Mani <mask> eventually left him out of the project citing that he thought his "eyes looked too young" for a senior role. Prior to his film audition, <mask> was spotted by a television executive while out walking in Lokhandwala in Mumbai, and was recruited to feature in Hindi television serials, appearing as a crook in his first venture Yule Love Stories. He appeared in leading roles in Zee TV's Banegi Apni Baat and Ghar Jamai, while he gained further popularity portraying the character of Shekhar in Saaya. He also went on to act as Lt. Shammi in Aarohan (The Ascent), as a ship's captain in Sea Hawks, as a convict in Yeh Kahan Aa Gaye Hum and worked as a television anchor in Tol Mol Ke Bol amongst other television appearances.His first appearance in a feature film role came through a small role in Is Raat Ki Subah Nahin (1996), where he portrayed a singer in a bar. In 1997, Madhavan appeared in a supporting role as an Indian police officer in Fred Olen <mask>'s English film, Inferno, which was shot in India. His first chance in Indian cinema came in the form of Shanti Shanti Shanti (1998), a Kannada film, in which he appeared as a carefree youngster alongside actor Abbas. However, the film failed to make an impact and went unnoticed at the box office. During the period, Hindi film director Vinod Pandey launched Madhavan as a Bollywood hero, with a project titled Akeli, however the film was shelved before the production process had been completed. 1999–2001: Breakthrough
In 1999, leading Indian director Mani <mask> selected Madhavan to feature in the leading role of his Tamil romantic film, Alaipayuthey (2000) and the film's subsequent critical and commercial success gave Madhavan his breakthrough as an actor. Portraying the character of Karthik Varadharajan, a young husband experiencing difficulties with his marriage.Madhavan revealed that he studied the technical aspects of film-making from the director and learned the entire script of the film, irrespective of whether he was in the scene or not. He became the first debutant actor to be cast by Mani <mask> in the lead role of a film, and revealed that when he found out that he was set to work with the director he was overcome with a "mixture of excitement, awe, fear and expectations". Featuring alongside actress Shalini, Madhavan's performance was well received by critics and the film's success led to it developing "classic" status. A critic from The Hindu, described that Madhavan "sails through the litmus test with ease", whilst another review cited that Madhavan was a "promising debutant" into the film industry. After the success of his first Tamil film, the producers of his previous Kannada film, Shanti Shanti Shanti, dubbed the film into Tamil and released it as Relax, to capitalise on Madhavan's new-found success. Madhavan's next film, Ennavale (2000), garnered mixed reviews although Madhavan's portrayal was praised as the "mainstay" of the film, with claims that the film for him was a "merely a prosaic exercise". Madhavan's first release of 2001, Gautham Vasudev Menon's directorial debut Minnale, opened to critical and commercial acclaim.Featuring a popular soundtrack by Harris Jayaraj and marketed as a Valentine's Day release, Minnale further built on the actor's image as a romantic hero and was later listed as a "classic romantic film" from the Tamil film industry. He then collaborated with Mani <mask> for the second time by appearing in the director's production venture, the romantic comedy Dumm Dumm Dumm (2001), alongside Jyothika. Appearing as an unhappy groom trying to halt his wedding, the film won positive acclaim and became a commercial success, with Madhavan establishing himself as a bankable actor in South India. <mask> then again appeared as a husband in a tumultuous marriage in Parthale Paravasam (2001), the hundredth venture of veteran director K. Balachander. Despite featuring amongst an ensemble cast and being highly anticipated prior to release, the film failed at the box-office, with critics citing that Madhavan looked "rather bored" with the proceedings. Similarly his first lead role in a Hindi film, Rehna Hai Tere Dil Mein (2001), a remake of his Minnale, was also unsuccessful at the box office, with the film and Madhavan's performance receiving mixed reviews. However, the film belatedly gained popularity through screenings on television and subsequently developed a cult following amongst young audiences.2002–2004: Critical acclaim

In 2002, <mask> played the role of a novelist in Mani <mask>'s Kannathil Muthamittal alongside actresses Keerthana, Simran and Nandita Das. In the film, he was shown as the role of the father of an adopted child, who wishes to return to her native homeland amidst the Sri Lankan civil war. The film received widespread critical acclaim and went on to win six National Awards as well as over ten awards at various International Film Festivals. Madhavan gained acclaim for his portrayal with a critic citing "he lived the role of the character he portrays", with the film seeing him move away from the romantic hero image for the first time into a more serious, performance-orientated role. The good performance of the film internationally also helped him develop an overseas market for his films. <mask>'s next large success came with Run, a film recognised for its screenplay, with <mask> appearing in an action film for the first time in his career. In regard to his performance, The Hindu's critic noted "he manages to portray action with élan in Run and actually looks fit and comfortable in the role", with the film helping him make a breakthrough as an action hero.Despite another unsuccessful Hindi venture with the musical, Dil Vil Pyar Vyar (2002), the success of his previous films helped him secure the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor for 2002, being jointly recognised for both films. <mask> was cast alongside Kamal Haasan in Anbe Sivam (2003), which told the story of an unexpected journey from Bhubaneswar to Chennai of two men who are polar opposites. Madhavan revealed his elation at working with an experienced actor like Kamal Haasan, while noting that a human drama film like Anbe Sivam was important for his career as an actor as it came after a successful masala film in Run. Portraying a young frustrated filmmaker with capitalist beliefs who travels with a handicapped communist played by Kamal Haasan, <mask>'s performance was described as a "milestone in his career" and that "his portrayal will remain with the viewer for long" by a critic from The Hindu. The film opened in January 2003 to positive reviews, but became a surprise box-office failure. Post-release, the film has garnered belated critical acclaim from critics and television audiences and is considered one of the "cult classics" of Tamil cinema. Film critic Baradwaj <mask> wrote that the film "was leagues ahead of the average Tamil and Indian film", though felt that "the masses were unwilling to accept the experimental nature of the film", while talking about the film's box office failure.Post-filming, Kamal Haasan revealed that he was impressed with Madhavan's enthusiasm and concentration during the making of the film and thus subsequently signed him on to appear in his production venture, Nala Damayanthi (2003), where he played a Brahmin cook lost in Australia. In 2003, the actor also appeared in Vikraman's family drama Priyamana Thozhi as a budding cricketer, Saran's romantic comedy Jay Jay and made a guest appearance in Priyadarshan's Lesa Lesa as a jailed teacher. The three films made average returns at the box office, though Madhavan's performances were appreciated by critics. <mask> played an imposter gangster in K. S<mask>'s comedy Aethiree (2004) before being selected to feature in his fourth Mani <mask> production, Aaytha Ezhuthu (2004), which featured him in an ensemble cast including Suriya, Siddharth, Meera Jasmine, Esha Deol and Trisha. <mask> portrayed the character of Inba Sekhar, a hitman living in the slums of Chennai, whose path crosses with the characters portrayed by Suriya and Siddharth. His role also featured him in a struggling marriage, where his wife desperately tries to claw him away from his profession. Madhavan bulked up and sported a shaven look for the first time in his career to resemble the character of a ruffian and shot for the film through the sync sound technique.He received widespread praise for his depiction, with Baradwaj <mask> of The Hindu claiming that <mask> outplayed Abhishek Bachchan's interpretation of the character in the Hindi version of the bilingual, Yuva. <mask> went on to win the Filmfare Award for the Best Tamil Supporting Actor, whilst another critic from The Hindu cited that he "sparkles as an anti-hero" and that the "character ought to find a very special place in his repertoire". Similarly, a critic from Indiaglitz.com stated "<mask>'s daring decision to play a negative character, who gets beaten up black and blue at the end, putting his 'hero' image in peril, has paid off, as he walks away with top honours", while a reviewer from Sify.com labelled him as "terrific". In late 2004, <mask> worked on <mask> Anchal's English-Malayalam crossover film Nothing But

masks:
Ranganathan Madhavan
Madhavan
Mani Ratnam
Madhavan
Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra
Mani Ratnam
Rajkumar Hirani
Madhavan
Ranganathan
Madhavan
Ranganathan
Madhavan
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Madhavan
Madhavan
Ratnam
Madhavan
Ratnam
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Ray
Ratnam
Ratnam
Ratnam
Madhavan
Madhavan
Ratnam
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Rangan
Madhavan
. Ravikumar
Ratnam
Madhavan
Rangan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Rajiv


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 Life (2005) and completed his work in a single schedule across Las Vegas and Albuquerque. Portraying an orphaned youth with suicidal tendencies being treated by a Malayali psychiatrist in the US, the film and his portrayal opened to mixed reviews. 2005–2008: Increased work in Hindi films

<mask> appeared in another marriage drama film, Priyasakhi (2005) co-starring Sadha – with the pair playing an estranged husband and wife. The film received praise for the lead pair's performances with <mask> being praised as "top class", while it also became the first Tamil film to be dubbed into Zulu.From 2005 onwards, <mask> increased his work in Hindi films and starred and wrote the Hindi dialogues for the comedy Ramji Londonwaley (2005), a remake of his earlier film Nala Damayanthi. Critics described his performance as "a master stroke", though the film fared averagely at the box office due to the release of other big budget films during the period. He experienced box office success in Hindi films for the first time through his role in <mask> Omprakash Mehra's Rang De Basanti (2006). Featuring in an ensemble cast led by Aamir Khan, <mask> essayed the guest role of flight lieutenant, whose death triggers a revolutionary movement against corruption. The film was subsequently nominated for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 2006 BAFTA Awards, while it was also chosen as India's official entry for the Golden Globe Awards and the Academy Awards for the Best Foreign Language Film category. <mask> then collaborated with Mani <mask> for the fifth time in the biopic Guru (2007), co-starring Abhishek Bachchan, Aishwarya <mask> and Vidya Balan. His role of Shyam Saxena was inspired from the life of real-life journalist S. Gurumurthy, who was a challenger to the business tycoon, Dhirubhai Ambani, whose life drew allusions with Bachchan's role.The film became a blockbuster and also received critical acclaim, with a reviewer citing that Madhavan acts with "extreme, believable sincerity" dubbing him as "truly a poster boy for India", whilst another claimed he performed "a weak role with élan". His Tamil film, Thambi (2006) directed by Seeman, had a delayed release but became a profitable venture in town and village centres. <mask>'s portrayal of a rustic do-gooder, received positive reviews from critics though a reviewer from The Hindu claimed the actor was "unable to shed off his classy looks". He then appeared in Sundar C's comedy film Rendu (2006), where he played dual roles for the first time and in the long-delayed romantic comedy Aarya (2007), appearing as a medical student. <mask> wrote the dialogues, produced and featured in the lead role in Nishikanth Kamat's Evano Oruvan (2007), playing a middle class bank employee who becomes so disgusted with the corruption he faces in his day-to-day life that he becomes a vigilante. After setting up a production studio, Leukos Films, he helped promote the film in international film festivals before the theatrical release in December 2007. Critics called the film a "must watch" and a reviewer from The Hindu stated that the film was "Madhavan's best performance to date", while he also went on to win the ITFA Best Actor Award for his depiction.However Evano Oruvan and his subsequent release, Seeman's Vaazhthukal (2008) did not perform well at the box office, while another completed film titled Naan Aval Adhu failed to have a theatrical release. <mask>'s final release of the year was the docudrama Mumbai Meri Jaan, based upon the 2006 Mumbai Bombings. The film, which featured him alongside Soha Ali Khan, Irrfan Khan and Kay Kay Menon became critically acclaimed with <mask>'s portrayal of a man with a post-traumatic stress disorder being appreciated by reviewers. 2009–2015: Further success and sabbatical

Madhavan won positive acclaim for playing the lead role in Vikram Kumar's horror film, Yavarum Nalam (2009). The film, which became a commercial and critical success, prompted a reviewer from the Times of India to suggest "he carried the film on his shoulders" while he was also nominated in the Best Actor category at the Vijay Awards. His following two films, the romantic comedy Guru En Aalu (2009) and the action film Sikandar (2009) in which he played a supporting role of an army officer, both fetched mixed reviews. <mask> then starred in <mask> Hirani's comedy film, 3 Idiots (2009), alongside Aamir Khan and Sharman Joshi.Upon release, the film received positive reviews and went on to become the highest-grossing Indian film of all time, before being overtaken in 2013. <mask>'s portrayal as a young engineer with a passion for photography earned him nominations for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor and for the IIFA Best Supporting Actor Award during 2010. Film critic Taran Adarsh from Bollywood Hungama described the actor's performance as "incredible", while <mask> claimed that the film changed how he was viewed as an actor in Hindi films for the better. He later turned down an offer of reprising the same role in the Tamil remake of the film helmed by Shankar. In 2010, <mask> appeared alongside actors Amitabh Bachchan and Ben Kingsley in Teen Patti (2010) as a young professor, with Adarsh again rating his performance as "excellent", but the film failed at the box office. His two guest appearances in the year also received mixed feedback with his performance in the Telugu anthology film Om Shanti (2010) being praised, whilst a role in the John Abraham-starrer Jhootha Hi Sahi (2010) drew him criticism. Madhavan then collaborated again with Kamal Haasan and K. S<mask> in the romantic comedy, Manmadan Ambu (2010), playing a wealthy businessman who hires a spy to follow his actress girlfriend on a European cruise tour.The film opened to positive reviews with <mask>'s performance being described by Rediff.com as "excellent", while Sify.com labelled him the "scene stealer". His only release in 2011 was the romantic drama film, Tanu Weds Manu alongside Kangana <mask>, which saw him play the role of a sensible doctor hoping to get an arranged marriage with a girl, who has a dramatically diverse personality to him. Prior to release, the film's promotional campaign created anticipation and upon release, the film became a large success at the box office. <mask>'s portrayal of Manoj Kumar Sharma aka Manu won positive acclaim, with a reviewer citing that his performance was "real, restrained, yet forceful" and another claiming he was "perfectly cast". <mask> next appeared as a police officer in Linguswamy's Tamil film Vettai (2012), an action entertainer featuring an ensemble cast of Arya, Amala Paul and Sameera <mask>. The film opened to positive reviews in January 2012 and went on to become a commercial success, with critics praising <mask>'s decision to accept the role of a timid cop, while a critic noted that he had "an uncanny talent for comedy". He then featured in Jodi Breakers (2012), a Hindi romantic comedy film shot in Greece alongside Bipasha Basu, though the film did not perform well commercially.In 2012, <mask> took a sabbatical and was based in Chicago resting his knee, which he injured during the making of Vettai, causing him to suffer from chondromalacia patellae. During the period, he felt he had to "reinvent himself" and had to work on films which would appeal to the "new generation of audiences", so took a decision to work on a single film at a time. During a period of three years without any theatrical releases, his long-delayed Hindi film Taak Jhaank directed by <mask> Ghosh in 2006, premièred at the 19th Kolkata International Film Festival in 2013, while his first Hindi film Akeli, shot in 1997, was released online during the following year. During his recovery period and sabbatical in 2013, <mask> signed on to appear in Simon West's Night of the Living Dead: Darkest Dawn, in which he appeared as a former marine personnel and shot for the project in California. The computer animated film, where Madhavan provided voice work, premièred in San Diego during July 2015. <mask>'s first theatrical release after his sabbatical was Anand L<mask>'s Tanu Weds Manu Returns, a sequel to the 2011 film, which released in May 2015. Prior to the film's release, Madhavan stated that the "content of the film was more important than the stars" and acknowledged that the popularity of Kangana <mask>ut would help the film gain a good opening at the box office.Reprising his role as Manu, Madhavan won acclaim for his restrained performance and the film went on to become a critical and commercial success. The critic from Bollywood Hungama wrote "Madhavan excels in his role despite it being a restrained one, which was anyways the call of his character" and added "he is very endearing who never tries to overshadow anyone and emerges a winner", while Sify.com stated he gives a "subtle and restrained performance". Tanu Weds Manu Returns earned  worldwide at the end of its theatrical run, to become one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films in 2015. 2016–2017: Resurgence

During his sabbatical, <mask> also worked extensively on the pre-production of the bilingual sports film, Irudhi Suttru (2016) directed by Sudha Kongara. After being impressed with Sudha's script, he helped find the project producers in Tamil and chose to produce the film in Hindi alongside S. Sashikanth and <mask> Hirani. <mask> also met and convinced mixed martial artist <mask> Singh to act in the film after contacting her through <mask>, while he was also credited for contributing as an additional screenplay writer. He also went through a body conditioning regime in Los Angeles prior to joining the film's set and learnt boxing to essay the role of a former boxer.For dubbing purposes, <mask> wore metal braces inside his teeth, to create the effect of having a lisp that most boxers have from sporting injuries. <mask> won praise for his work during the marketing campaign, having travelled throughout Tamil Nadu to promote the film, with The Hindu stating it was "unlike other film promotions in the South". For Irudhi Suttru, <mask> received widespread critical acclaim for his portrayal with Sify.com stating "he is outstanding and carries the proverbial burden of the project on his shoulder". A critic from The Hindu stated that he was "quietly effective", while a reviewer from Behindwoods.com wrote that <mask> gives his "best performance" and is "excellent" at depicting his "characterization from being subtle to being outright effervescent". His portrayal in the Hindi version, Saala Khadoos, received similar praise with critic Subhash K. Jha stating "this is <mask>ram Vedha (2017), an action thriller film directed by duo Pushkar-Gayathri and produced by Sashikanth. Telling the tale of an encounter cop and his pursuit of a gangster played by Vijay Sethupathi, Pushkar-Gayathri scripted the film with inspiration from the Vikramathithan Vedhalam folk tale, with the characterisation of both lead roles derived from that plot.For his role, <mask>ram Vedha opened in July 2017 to critical acclaim and received widespread positive reports from the media and industry personnel. <mask>'s performance was widely appreciated by film critics, who described him as "stylish and serious" and "whole-hearted", while Sify.com's reviewer wrote it is a "treat to watch two intense performers <mask> and Vijay Sethupathi majestically own the screen together". The film also became <mask>'s biggest commercial success in Tamil films, with trade pundits classifying the film as a "blockbuster". 2018–present: Recent work and upcoming projects

<mask> next worked on a web series for Amazon titled Breathe, which was released in January 2018. <mask> later revealed that he was initially sceptical of the web series format, but was "totally blown away" by the script of the series by Mayank Sharma and decided to accept to work on the project, despite his commitments for the shoot of Vikram Vedha. For Breathe, Madhavan studied his own experience as a father besides researching the complexities surrounding organ donation.In the series, he played Danny Mascarenhas, a soccer coach and the father of a young boy with cystic fibrosis, who will die in six months unless he has a lung transplant. Madhavan received positive reviews for his portrayal, with film critic Subhash K. Jha writing "As Danny, Madhavan expresses grief, rage, frustration, guilt, repentance and self-destruction with measured excellence" and that "this is a showcase for an actor at the peak of his power" and "boy, does Madhavan embrace the opportunity". Similarly, a critic from the New Indian Express wrote "Madhavan is in form in a potentially compelling thriller", and a reviewer from the International Business Times wrote he "shows a range of emotions" in "a smooth, beautiful way". His first full-length role in a Telugu film was through Savyasachi (2018), where he portrayed the antagonist in a cast headlined by Naga Chaitanya. Despite the film's average response at the box office, Madhavan won positive reviews for his performance, with a critic noting his "impressive performance" was the "saving grace of the film". Following an extended guest appearance in the Hindi film Zero (2018) alongside Shahrukh Khan and Anushka Sharma, Madhavan appeared in the bilingual thriller film Nishabdham, which was shot entirely in Seattle. The film began as a silent film, before the makers chose to insert dialogue and create Tamil and Telugu versions.Madhavan's most recent film release was Maara (2021) with debut filmmaker Dhilip Kumar, while his next is Rocketry: The Nambi Effect (2021), a biopic on rocket scientist Nambi Narayanan directed by himself. Other projects

Film and television work
<mask> was first credited as a part of the technical crew for his work in Ramji Londonwaley, an adaptation of his Tamil film Nala Damayanthi. Apart from portraying the lead role, Madhavan worked on the film as a

masks:
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Rakeysh
Madhavan
Madhavan
Ratnam
Rai
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Rajkumar
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
. Ravikumar
Madhavan
Ranaut
Madhavan
Madhavan
Reddy
Madhavan
Madhavan
Rituparno
Madhavan
Madhavan
. Rai
Rana
Madhavan
Rajkumar
Madhavan
Ritika
Raj Kundra
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Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavanik
Madhavanik
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Madhavan
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Madhavan
Madhavan


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 dialogue writer and played an active role in determining the crew of the movie. In October 2007, <mask> founded the production company, Leukos Films, and consequently bought the rights of his film, Evano Oruvan, from producers Abbas-Mustan and K. Sera Sera. Securing sponsorship deals with HSBC and Santoor, Madhavan premièred the film across North America and the Middle East before its Indian theatrical release, with the promotion method being used for the first time in Tamil cinema. However, since the relative box office failure of the project, <mask> downplayed future involvement in production ventures. The film, which Madhavan referred to as a "part of his life" during 2007, also saw him write the dialogues for the film along with Seeman by translating lines from the project's original version in the Marathi language.<mask> then chose to become actively involved in the production of his 2016 bilingual films, Irudhi Suttru in Tamil and Saala Khadoos in Hindi, to ensure the film completed filming and had a theatrical release. Impressed by the strength of Sudha Kongara's script for the Tamil film, <mask> felt that the story had pan-Indian appeal and took the film's script to <mask> Hirani, who agreed to produce and supervise work on the film's Hindi version. Madhavan co-produced the Hindi version of the film through his new production house, Tricolor Films, while leading the film's pan-Indian marketing campaign. The actor also helped finalise the film's lead actress, <mask> Singh, and was also credited as an additional screenplay writer in the films. <mask> has appeared as host for television programs on Hindi channels, while he has also been a host at film award functions. During his television career in the 1990s, <mask> first worked as a host on Tol Mol Ke Bol. He was announced as the host of Sony Entertainment Television's Deal Ya No Deal, the Indian version of the American game show Deal Or No Deal, in October 2005.However, <mask> quit as the lead anchor of the show in January 2006 claiming he was unhappy with the way the shoot schedules were handled by the production house. According to the actor, when he took on the show, he had made it clear that he would continue with his South Indian film assignments, and as the show was being filmed in Mumbai, he had found it hard to keep traveling throughout India from Chennai to film the ten days a month he had signed up for. Madhavan added that he was restricted by the producers to spend one day rehearsing technically, which left him with fatigue. Mandira Bedi subsequently replaced Madhavan as the anchor in February for Series 2 of the game show. In June 2010, <mask> made a comeback to the game show format by accepting a contract with Imagine TV's Big Money show, signing on to host a single season, and then hosted an episode of the crime show Savdhaan India in January 2016. Furthermore, he has been a guest judge in the Indian television show, Fame Gurukul. In 2016, Madhavan stated that he would only take part in television commitments for money, while he does not consider his payment when signing on to appear in films.Madhavan has also hosted live events, notably the National Film Awards in 2013 with Huma Qureshi. He was also the host of the 55th Filmfare Awards South in Chennai in 2008 and then also the Vijay Awards in 2013. Brand ambassador
<mask> is amongst the leading brand ambassadors for products in India. His early work involved advertisements for brands including Bajaj, Ponds, Fair & Lovely and TVS, before signing a major endorsing deal with Pepsi and marketing company, IMG. In 2007, Madhavan endorsed UniverCell, a multi-brand mobile phone retail chain owned by UniverCell Telecommunications India Pvt Ltd. Madhavan signed a contract with the mobile phone network, Airtel for promotions in South India before being promoted as the pan-Indian ambassador for the brand a year later. His advertisements with Vidya Balan for Airtel won critical acclaim, and brought in film offers for the pair to feature together. In June 2010, marketers from Arun Excello promoted a housing project in Oragadam, Chennai in a similar fashion to the release of a new film featuring Madhavan.With film-inspired posters and billboards put up around Chennai, the advertisement campaign attracted huge curiosity and the project became a success. His long-term work with jewellery brand, Joy Alukkas, led to the company creating life size wax models of him to place in their showrooms from January 2011. Maruti Suzuki, for whom Madhavan is the brand ambassador, launched a special edition of the Suzuki Wagon R car calling it the Madhavan Signature Edition in September 2013. In 2015, online market place Snapdeal signed on Aamir Khan and Madhavan to be the company's ambassadors, with Snapdeal attempting to use Madhavan's popularity in South India to marker their services. Humanitarian causes
Madhavan, who is a vegetarian, promotes vegetarianism and is an active member of PETA. Since joining PETA after starring in his first film, he has appeared voluntarily in several advertisements and released an E-Card for the brand. In July 2006, Madhavan was voted the "cutest male vegetarian" by an online poll conducted by the PETA, while Kareena Kapoor won the female award respectively.In turn he cited that his success in the competition was due to his "healthy vegetarian diet". In October 2010, he wrote a letter to the CEO of Kentucky Fried Chicken, on behalf of PETA, urging them to stop mistreatment of birds by the fast-food industry outlets and the killing of animals. He requested the boycott of KFC in India over animal welfare and conditions and was joined by <mask> Tandon and <mask> Sawant in supporting the work of PETA in India. In addition, <mask> was named PETA India's 2012 "Person Of The Year", while his son won PETA India's "Compassionate Kid award" in December 2014. Madhavan has lent his support for the Chennai-based charity, The Banyan, and appeared in the charity musical Netru, Indru, Naalai directed by Mani <mask> for the cause. He appeared as a guest cook and newly launched restaurant in Chennai and cooked dosas for auction for the charity, helping raise forty five thousand rupees. He has been a part of an AIDS awareness programme initiated by <mask> in India and helped advertise the A Time for Heroes campaign appearing in a short film.Similarly <mask> featured in a four-minute film produced by Agaram Foundation, Herova? Zerova?, campaigning for educational awareness alongside Suriya, Vijay and Jyothika. In 2010, along with his cast and crew from 3 Idiots, he helped raise Rs. 2.5 million for the renovation of the school in Leh, which was damaged by flash floods. Madhavan laid bricks and tiles at the London Business School in July 2011, building a symbolic house to represent the 100,000 houses that will be built in India by 2015 as a part of Habitat for Humanity's campaign to improve substandard houses in India. During the 2015 South Indian floods, <mask> worked alongside other Indian actors in coordinating the relief efforts. In 2016, Lepra India signed him to work as a goodwill ambassador in helping promote action against leprosy.In the media

<mask> is one of the few actors in India who garners pan-Indian appeal, with his success in establishing himself in the North and the South Indian film industries, seeing him receive multiple offers as a brand ambassador. Furthermore, it has led to producers offering him lead roles in bilingual films such as the English-Malayalam crossover film Nothing But Life and the Hindi-Tamil projects, Yavarum Nalam and Irudhi Suttru. Moreover, most of his Tamil films are dubbed into Telugu, where he has created a box office market without appearing in a single straight Telugu film as a lead actor (during the 2000s). Madhavan holds a significant female fan following, which developed after his romantic roles in Alaipayuthey and Minnale. Madhavan has also been active in keeping in contact with fans, maintaining a fan email account, a Facebook fan page and a Twitter account as well as being one of the first actors of Tamil films to turn blogger with entries in the year 2000. He has appeared at functions as a special guest, and has enjoyed particularly close links with technology company, Sify, whom he signed on as his media partner for all his future releases after expressing satisfaction at the website they created for Rendu. <mask> sat amongst a six-man jury for the selection of CNN-IBN Indian of the Year 2006.He inaugurated the Chennai International Film Festival in 2007, taking the opportunity to deliver a message on preserving the environment. A gaming company, Paradox Studios Limited, launched a new game compatible with mobile phones in July 2006, with Madhavan as the lead character. The company released two mobile game titles featuring Madhavan as their lead character. The first of the two games, Madhavan's MIG, featured the actor making a reprise of his Rang De Basanti pilot's role. In the other game titled Madhavan, the player had to help the actor get to the première of his latest movie evading the paparazzi. In 2007, prominent entrepreneur N. R. Narayana Murthy requested Madhavan to be his interviewer at the India-Singapore Exposition and Madhavan went on to claim that the experience was "unforgettable" as Murthy was an idol to him. Madhavan has attended conferences as a motivational speaker, talking about issues including situational awareness and confidence, with a speech delivered at Damodaran Academy of Management, Coimbatore going viral online.Madhavan also took part and delivered speeches as a part of the annual India Conference at Harvard University during 2017. Personal life

After completing the degree, he went on to teach communication and public speaking at workshops around India. At the Maharashtra workshop, he encountered his wife Sarita Birje for the first time in 1991, when she attended his class on the recommendation of her cousins. Sarita was able to use the skills she had learned from Madhavan's classes to pass an interview to become an air hostess and after completing the course, the pair began dating. They married in 1999, before Madhavan entered mainstream films. The pair's marriage has been covered by the media, with Madhavan citing that advice from his mentor Mani <mask> was useful. Sarita has worked as a costume designer in a few of Madhavan's films, most notably for Guru En Aalu (2009), when she worked along with Erum Ali, the wife of Madhavan's co-star, Abbas, for their respective husbands.Their son, Vedaant, was born 21 August 2005, which eventually led to relocating to the boat-club area in Chennai from Kilpauk, where <mask>'s parents lived with him as well as his parents-in-law. In 2009, he relocated to Kandivali, Mumbai, with his wife and son, as he pursued a career in Hindi films ahead of films in the South Indian industries. <mask> has maintained close links with fellow actors and has described actor Suriya as his best friend in the film industry. The actor also is close friends with actresses Shilpa Shetty and Bipasha Basu, as well as actors Aamir Khan and Abhishek Bachchan. He is closely associated with actor Kamal Haasan, after their appearance together in Anbe Sivam, and has revealed that he considers the actor as his inspiration. He has also collaborated multiple times with directors Mani <mask>, <mask> Hirani and Aanand <mask>, citing that the film makers "understand him well" and share a good "comfort level". He has also helped out actresses <mask> Sen, Sadha and Nisha Kothari by signing them on for roles in his films, when they were going through a barren spell.<mask> announced a sabbatical from films in late 2010 citing he would take the time off to visit London, lose weight, play golf, take treatment for his knee injury and spend time with family. Though he kept away from starting new projects, during the period he was involved in the promotional activity of two of his releases, Manmadan Ambu and Tanu Weds Manu. He later made a comeback, earlier than anticipated, after director Linguswamy convinced him to work on Vettai. The actor later took an extended sabbatical from 2012 onwards to work on his fitness and get into shape for his role as a retired boxer in Irudhi Suttru. <mask> is a keen golf player, having played for pleasure alongside actor Amitabh Bachchan and director Mani <mask>, while also appearing in a celebrity charity event in 2007. In 2017, he won the qualification round of the Mumbai leg of the Mercedes Trophy golf meet and subsequently qualified for the National Finals. He also made an appearance for Chennai Rhinos in the 2011 Celebrity Cricket League, playing against Karnataka Bulldozers.His experiences flying Cessna planes when he was with National Cadet Corps, also led to a passion for aero-modelling, with the actor stating it "justified his decision" to pursue a degree in electronics. Filmography

Accolades
2000 : Filmfare Award For Best Male Debut – South For Alaipayuthey
2002 : Tamil Nadu State Film Award For Best Actor For <mask>, Kannathil Muthamittal & Anbe Sivam
2003 : ITFA Best Supporting Actor Award For Anbe Sivam
2004 : Filmfare Award For Best Supporting Actor – Tamil For Aaytha Ezhuthu
2016 : Filmfare Award For Best Actor – Tamil For Irudhi Suttru
2017 : Filmfare Award For Best Actor (Critics) – South For Vikram Vedha

References

External links

 Official Website

1970 births
Living people
Tamil male actors
Indian game show hosts
Male actors in Kannada cinema
Indian male television actors
Indian male film actors
Indian television presenters
People from Jamshedpur
Male actors from Jharkhand
Indian male screenwriters
Film producers from Jharkhand
Male actors in Hindi cinema
Male actors in Malayalam cinema
Tamil Nadu State Film Awards winners
Filmfare Awards South winners
International Tamil Film Award winners
South Indian International Movie Awards winners
Tamil

masks:
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Rajkumar
Ritika
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Raveena
Rakhi
Madhavan
Ratnam
Richard Gere
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Madhavan
Ratnam
Madhavan
Madhavan
Ratnam
Rajkumar
Rai
Reemma
Madhavan
Madhavan
Ratnam
Run


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<mask> (born 1949) hon FRIBA is a British site-specific artist recognised for her work in stone relief. Her best known works include Stone Drawing for St John's College, Oxford, completed in 2019, and Henslow's Walk at Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, winner of the Stirling Prize 2012. Biography
Heron was born in Welwyn Garden City in 1949. Her family moved from London to Eagles Nest, Zennor, Cornwall in 1955. She is the younger daughter of the painter Patrick Heron and <mask> (née Reiss) and sister of architect Katharine Heron. She was educated at Penzance Girls Grammar School and studied at Falmouth School of Art (1967–68) and Central School of Art and Design, London (1968–1971). Since 1978 the artist has lived and worked in the East End of London.She moved to her present studio in Shoreditch in 2006. Exhibitions
Heron’s first exhibition of sculpture was shown at the Whitechapel Art Gallery in 1985, displaying wall works with small sculptures including Frieze (1983–84), a series of small gilded silver shapes with a circle in common, "Heron's first fully mature statement". This was followed by exhibitions at Plymouth Arts Centre (1986), The Showroom (1987), Camden Arts Centre (1989), and Newlyn Art Gallery (1992)

A defining group of works at this time entitled Shima included small bronze sculptures, cibachrome photographs, and an artist's book Shima: Island and Garden, each represented in the Arts Council Collection. The works came out of Heron’s involvement in the regeneration of the garden at Eagles Nest in 1987 following a severe frost and "… concern things unseen, buried, underground, internal, subconscious; involving sources of energy, generators, messengers, nerves and roots". In 2003 Heron installed wall drawings for her exhibition Elements at the Mead Gallery, Warwick Arts Centre, which originated in 36 painted drawings in black, made for a commission in Tokyo in 2001. The same drawings were recreated as tiny woodcuts in Japan, the Palm Prints, part of a body of work to be transformed through location, scale and substance. "Like mathematical systems, they are elements, essences, reproducible at any size … but the experience of the works is specific, rooted in a particular time and place."Selected site specific works

In 1993 Heron was awarded her first site specific commission Slate Frieze, 23 rectangular slabs of engraved slate over a 21m length wall, installed at the Council of the European Union, Brussels in 1995. A series of high profile commissions followed including Waterwindow, part of the Phoenix Initiative (a Millennium Urban Regeneration Scheme), a waterfall and window sited at the change in levels in Priory Place, Coventry. The splash from the waterfall is continuously recorded in the build-up of green patina on copper panels, evolving and changing over time to form a water-sensitive drawing. Heron was made an honorary Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1999 for her contributions to architecture. In 2009 Heron was commissioned to make a new work entitled Henslow’s Walk for the Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge with Stanton Williams, winner of the Stirling Prize in 2012. The work comprises four double images carved in shallow relief on a 22m length interior wall; inspired by John Stevens Henslow and his collations of native plants. "Employing her favoured medium of drawings in shallow relief, Heron has created a backdrop to the Laboratory’s lecture theatre intricately carved into the yellow French limestone, which forms part of the fabric of the building."Heron collaborated with Bennetts Associates between 2012-15 to make Travertine Frieze, a shallow carving in negative relief of floor to ceiling drawn lines. It forms the side wall to the main entrance of 40 Chancery Lane cut in travertine marble. (Winner of RIBA London Award 2017 and RIBA National Award 2017). Heron continues her interest in large scale stone relief with a commission for St John's College, Oxford, with Wright & Wright Architects. Stone Drawing, cut from Clipsham stone, occupies both the external and internal faces to the wall of a new study centre at St John’s College Library adjacent to the baroque Canterbury Quad. At 6 metres high and 20.4 metres long, it forms the west side of the new building. The work is in part derived from a series of small painted red drawings in oil paint incorporating abstract profiles and sequences."A negative relief, like an engraving, is carved from a flat surface. Each line becomes an edge, or more accurately two or even three edges, whether it becomes a step or a groove. In this way it relates to maps and plans, terrain viewed from above where visibility is often reliant on direction of light and vantage point. It is subject to reversal and plays tricks with your eyes – something that projects might appear to recede when the light changes." Major works
Stone Drawing at St John's College Oxford (2014-2019)

Travertine Frieze at Chancery Lane London (2012-2014)

Henslow's Walk in Sainsbury Laboratory University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge Botanic Garden (2008-2011)

Roche for the facade of the House of Fraser in Cabot Circus, Bristol (2005-2008)

Still Point in the grounds of Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral, Liverpool (2004-2007)

Aquaduct in the Brunswick Centre, Bloomsbury London (2003-2006)

Elements, Warwick Arts Centre, Coventry (2002)

36 Elements in the Marunouchi Building, Tokyo (2001-2002)

Side Street at City Inn, Westminster London (2001-2003)

Waterwindow in Priory Place Coventry (1998-2003)

Sunken Courtyard in Hackney Community College London (1995-1997)

Island at British Embassy Dublin (1994-1995)

Slate Frieze in the Council of the European Union, Brussels (1993-1995)

Shima 1988 purchased by the Arts Council Collection

Early career
Between 1970 and 1983 Heron received international recognition as a major presence in British New Jewellery. Heron was awarded a UK/US Bicentennial Arts Fellowship (British Council/N.E.A.) in 1977 to travel and work in the USA for one year.Following this period, a series of works emerged entitled The Wearables, consisting of flat discs tied to the body. The Wearables were exhibited on the wall alongside photographs, created with David Ward, of the pieces being worn. Heron and Ward co-curated a collection of radical, wearable objects by different artists exhibited as The Jewellery Project at the Crafts Council in 1983. Her transition into sculpture followed; Heron "… was interested in jewellery as a way of making work that was accessible and unpretentious, something to be used in everyday life … This belief in her practice as a part of life and the concern for the application of art to different situations, beyond the gallery and the art world, has persisted in the more recent public works." References

External links

 <mask> Heron - Heron's official website with documented art works, writing and exhibition news

1949 births
Living people
20th-century British sculptors
21st-century British sculptors
Alumni of Central Saint Martins
English contemporary artists
Fellows of the Royal Institute of British Architects
People from Zennor
People from Welwyn Garden City

masks:
Susanna Heron
Delia Heron
Susanna


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<mask> (; born 8 April 1986) is a Russian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for and captains  CSKA Moscow. He has spent his entire career at CSKA, making more than 600 official appearances. He has won six Russian Premier League titles and six Russian Cups, as well as the UEFA Cup in 2005. He is a record holder for most games played in the Russian top-level league at 504 (as of 26 February 2022). A full international for Russia between 2004 and 2018, he earned 111 caps and was selected in their squads for four UEFA European Championships and two FIFA World Cups. He was named captain of Russia in March 2017, after the retirement of his predecessor Vasili Berezutski. <mask> is a member of the Lev Yashin Club and has kept more clean sheets in Russian football than any other goalkeeper.Early life
<mask> was born on 8 April 1986 in the town of Vidnoye in Moscow Oblast. When he was 4 years old his father sent him to the Sports school of CSKA. He has been a goalkeeper since his second training. As a member of the junior CSKA Moscow team he won the Russian Junior Championship in 2002. Club career

<mask> made his professional debut for CSKA Moscow at the age of 16, saving a penalty kick and keeping a clean sheet in a 2–0 win over FC Krylia Sovetov Samara. He broke into the starting line-up at the age of 17 in 2003, winning the club's first Russian Premier League in the same season. In 2005, CSKA won a treble of the Russian Premier League Russian Cup and UEFA Cup.During this season, <mask> played in all 19 of CSKA's European matches, including the 2005 UEFA Cup Final, which the Army Men won 3–1 against Sporting CP at their opponents' Estádio José Alvalade. In 2006, he won a third Russian league title and second Russian Cup with CSKA and was awarded the Zvezda trophy, for the year's best football player from the former Soviet Union. In the 2006–07 UEFA Champions League, <mask> went 362 minutes without conceding a goal until Ricardo Quaresma scored past him for FC Porto in his team's fifth group match. This began a record breaking run of 43 consecutive matches without keeping a clean sheet in the Champions League. His Champions League run without a clean sheet finally ended 11 years later, when CSKA Moscow beat AEK Athens 2–0 away in the qualifying stages of the Champions League on 25 July 2017; prior to the match, <mask>'s last clean sheet in the Champions League had come against Arsenal in November 2006. In May 2007, <mask> sustained a knee injury which kept him out for the remainder of the 2007 Russian Premier League season. CSKA ended the season third in the league behind city rivals Spartak Moscow and champions Zenit St. Petersburg.<mask> returned for the 2008 season, starting in all 30 league matches and winning the Russian Cup. In 2009, he again started all 30 Russian Premier League matches and kept a clean sheet in the 1–0 Russian Cup Final defeat of league winners Rubin Kazan. In May 2011, <mask> captained CSKA to a fifth Russian Cup of his career. In 2012–13, CSKA won their first Russian Premier League title in seven years, with <mask> named Russian Footballer of the Year. <mask> also saved Yuri Zhirkov's kick in CSKA's penalty shootout win over Anzhi Makhachkala in the 2013 Russian Cup Final. On 1 February 2014, CSKA Moscow announced that <mask> had extended his contract CSKA until the summer of 2019. In 2013–14, <mask> won a fifth Russian Premier League title.On 14 May 2014, he overtook Lev Yashin as the goalkeeper with the third-highest number of clean sheets in Russian football. On 14 November 2015, he broke this clean sheet record with his 233rd career shutout in the Russia national football team's 1–0 win over Portugal. In August 2018, <mask> extended his CSKA contract to last until 2022. In December 2018, <mask> earned his 300th clean sheet, becoming the first Russian goalkeeper to do so. On 14 August 2021, he played his 489th game in the Russian top tier, repeating the record previously set by Sergei Ignashevich. In his next game on 21 August 2021, he set a new record with 490.

International career
<mask> made his debut for the Russian national team in a friendly match against Norway, which Russia lost 2–3, on 28 April 2004, aged 18 years and 20 days. He thus became the third youngest player to compete for Russia after Eduard Streltsov and Sergey Rodionov and the youngest international footballer ever in the history of the Russian Federation.He was later included into the Russian UEFA Euro 2004 squad as the third choice goalkeeper behind Sergei Ovchinnikov and Vyacheslav Malafeev. His major competitive debut was on 30 March 2005, in a 2006 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Estonia and he was later promoted to Russia's first-choice goalkeeper after a long-term injury to Malafeev. <mask> kept his first choice place under Yuri Semin and later Guus Hiddink. On 6 May 2007, <mask> suffered a knee injury in a 1–1 draw against FC Rostov which put him out of action for four months. As a result, he lost his first choice position to Vyacheslav Malafeev and later Vladimir Gabulov. He returned to the Russian national squad in early November but was deemed unfit for the UEFA Euro 2008 qualifier against Israel. <mask> later re-established his first choice place for Russia at UEFA Euro 2008, and played every match as the nation reached the semi-finals.He was confirmed for the finalized UEFA Euro 2012 squad on 25 May 2012, but Malafeev played all of Russia's matches and the nation was eliminated in the group stages. On 2 June 2014, <mask> was included in Russia's 2014 FIFA World Cup squad,

In Russia's first group match of the 2014 FIFA World Cup against South Korea, <mask> fumbled a long-range shot from Lee Keun-ho, dropping it over the line to give the Koreans the lead. Russia then went on to equalize, and the match finished 1–1. The final group stage match between Algeria and Russia on 26 June ended 1–1, advancing Algeria and eliminating Russia. A win for Russia would have seen them qualify, and they led the game 1–0 after six minutes. In the 60th minute of the game, a green laser was shone in <mask>'s face while he was defending from an Algerian free kick, from which Islam Slimani scored to equalise. Both <mask> and Russian coach Fabio Capello blamed the laser for the decisive conceded goal.On 27 March 2015, in a Euro 2016 Group G qualifier away to Montenegro, <mask> was struck in the head by a flare launched from the crowd, 20 seconds after kick-off. The game was called off for 35 minutes while he was treated, and resumed with his substitution for Yuri Lodygin. It was eventually abandoned after a brawl, while <mask> was taken to a Podgorica hospital with a neck injury and light burns. <mask> played his third UEFA European Championship for Russia at UEFA Euro 2016 as the national team finished bottom of Group B with only one point from three matches. He was selected as captain for Russia's 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup campaign on home soil and kept a clean sheet as the Russian's defeated New Zealand 2–0 in the tournament's opening match. On 21 June, in Russia's second group match, a 1–0 defeat to Portugal, <mask> won his 100th cap for the national team. On 11 May 2018, he was included in Russia's extended 2018 FIFA World Cup squad.On 3 June 2018, he was included in the finalized World Cup squad. <mask> was later instrumental in the Russians knocking out Spain in the Round of 16, being elected Man of the Match and saving two penalties in the shoot-out, ensuring a Russian victory. On 1 October 2018, he announced his retirement from the national team. Style of play
Regarded as a promising talent in his youth, <mask>'s precocious performances as a youngster earned him comparisons with former esteemed Russian goalkeepers Lev Yashin and Rinat Dasayev. In 2005, UEFA's Pavle Gognidze praised <mask> for being a "cool-headed" goalkeeper in spite of his young age, commenting: "On top of confidence, <mask> can also boast cat-like reflexes and excellent aerial ability while he is quick off his line to deal with crosses and through balls. Handy with his kicks, what makes him so remarkable for his age is his positional sense – so well developed that the ball seems drawn towards him." Former goalkeeper and CSKA's goalkeeping coach at the time, Vyacheslav Chanov, also added: "<mask> is a real goalkeeper, it's in his character and attitude.Since the age of four he only dreamed of becoming a goalkeeper. He's very confident. I think he also tops all Russian goalkeepers in the length and precision of his goal kicks. With his right, he kicks 90 metres, with his left 80 metres." Career statistics

Club

1Includes UEFA Europa League and UEFA Champions League. 2Includes Russian Super Cup, Russian Premier League Cup and UEFA Super Cup. International
Source:

Honours

Club
CSKA Moscow
Russian Premier League: 2003, 2005, 2006, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2015–16
Russian Cup: 2004–05, 2005–06, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2010–11, 2012–13
Russian Super Cup: 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2018
UEFA Cup: 2004–05

International
Russia
 UEFA European Championship bronze medalist: 2008

Individual
 2012–13 Russian Premier League Player of the Year
 Baltic and Commonwealth of Independent States Footballer of the Year ("Star") by Sport-Express (2006)
 The best young football player of Russian Premier League (2005)
 List of 33 best football player of the Russian Championship: # 1 (2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012/13, 2013/14); # 2 (2011/2012); # 3 (2004).The best Russian goalkeeper according to Russian Football Union (2008, 2009, 2010)
 The best young goalkeeper of Europe (2008)
 Member of Lev Yashin Club
 Russian CSKA Prize "Golden Horseshoe": one golden horseshoe (2010) and four silver horseshoe (2005, 2006, 2008, 2009)
 Order of Friendship (2006)
 Lev Yashin Prize "Goalkeeper of the year" (2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010)

See also
 List of men's footballers with 100 or more international caps
 List of one-club men in association football

Notes
This includes matches for Russian clubs and for the Russian national team. References

External links

CSKA Moscow profile
<mask> unofficial website
<mask> photo gallery
<mask> at the Forbes

1986 births
Living people
People from Vidnoye
Russian footballers
Association football goalkeepers
PFC CSKA Moscow players
UEFA Cup winning players
Russian Premier League players
Russia under-21 international footballers
Russia international footballers
UEFA Euro 2004 players
UEFA Euro 2008 players
UEFA Euro 2012 players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA Euro 2016 players
2017 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
FIFA Century Club

masks:
Igor Vladimirovich Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Igor Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Akinfeev
Igor
Igor Akinfeev
Igor Akinfeev
Igor Akinfeev