text_chunks:
 <mask> released a live album, You Can't Argue with a Sick Mind, which also featured the Eagles. As the Eagles struggled to record their follow-up to Hotel California, <mask> re-ignited his solo career with the critically well-received album, But Seriously, Folks... in May 1978. It contained the single "Life's Been Good", his comedic depiction of rock stardom, which peaked at No. 12 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and remains to date his biggest solo hit. <mask> also contributed "In the City" to The Warriors soundtrack in 1979, a song penned and sung by <mask> that was later rerecorded for the Eagles' studio album, The Long Run. Following the break up of the Eagles in July 1980, <mask> continued to release solo albums throughout the 1980s, but sales did not meet the same level of his earlier successes.There Goes the Neighborhood was <mask>'s first album since the demise of the Eagles, and it peaked at No. 20 on the Billboard 200. The album only spawned one single, "A Life of Illusion", which became one of <mask>'s most popular songs. The single also topped the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, in 1981. "A Life of Illusion" was recorded in 1973 with <mask>'s first solo band Barnstorm but was not completed. The overdubs and final mixes were completed during the There Goes the Neighborhood sessions and released on the album. The promotional video for the track shows the making of the album's cover.This song also appeared in the opening credits of The 40-Year-Old Virgin and appears as the first song on its soundtrack. In May 1983, <mask> released You Bought It – You Name It; the album was received negatively by the majority of music critics, while other reviewers noted good points to the album. It was also not as successful as <mask>'s previous albums, peaking at No. 48 on the Billboard 200. <mask> found moderate success with the single "Space Age Whiz Kids", about the pinnacle of the 1980s video arcade craze. The album contains hard rock songs such as "I Can Play That Rock & Roll" and a cover of the Dick Haymes track, "Love Letters". It also contains more introspective material such as "Class of '65", and contains a song titled "I.L.B.T.s", an acronym for "I Like Big Tits".<mask>'s new girlfriend Stevie Nicks was involved in his next album, The Confessor. Her old friend Keith Olsen was hired to produce the album and the musicians were prolific LA session musicians including: Jim Keltner, Mike Porcaro, Waddy Wachtel, Randy Newman, Alan Pasqua and many other musicians that <mask> had never worked with before. In 1987, <mask> released his final solo album of the 1980s, Got Any Gum?, which was produced by Terry Manning, and features vocal contributions from J. D. Souther and Survivor's lead vocalist Jimi Jamison, but the album was a commercial disappointment. In 1991, Ordinary Average Guy, his ninth solo studio album, and its title track single, were released on the Epic label. The album features Ringo Starr, Jimi Jamison, and drummer <mask> from <mask>'s former band Barnstorm. Vitale also sings the lead vocals on the final track of the album, "School Days". In 1992, <mask> released what appeared to be his final album (until 2012), Songs for a Dying Planet, his tenth solo studio album.Like its predecessor, it was released on the Epic label. Keen to re-establish himself after receiving some poor reviews for his previous album, <mask> enlisted his former producer Bill Szymczyk. At the end of the track "Certain Situations" you can hear a Morse code message that says "Register and vote for me". His song "Vote for Me" was a minor success, peaking at No. 10 on the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. <mask>'s song "One Day at a Time" was released in 2012 and details his struggles with alcohol and drug abuse earlier in his career. The song appeared on <mask>'s album Analog Man, which was released on June 5, 2012.The album was co-produced by Jeff Lynne, with Tommy Lee James co-writing some of the album's tracks. Eagles reunion

An Eagles country tribute album titled Common Thread: The Songs of the Eagles was released in 1993, thirteen years after the break up. Travis Tritt insisted on having the Long Run-era Eagles in his video for "Take It Easy" and they agreed. Following years of public speculation, the band formally reunited the following year. The line-up comprised the five Long Run-era members—Frey, Henley, <mask>, Felder, and Schmit—supplemented by Scott Crago (drums), John Corey (keyboards, guitar, backing vocals), Timothy Drury (keyboards, guitar, backing vocals) and Al Garth (saxophone, violin) on stage. "For the record, we never broke up, we just took a 14-year vacation," announced Frey at their first live performance in April 1994. The ensuing tour spawned a live album titled Hell Freezes Over (named for Henley's recurring statement that the band would get back together "when hell freezes over"), which debuted at No.1 on the Billboard album chart. It included four new studio songs, with "Get Over It" and "Love Will Keep Us Alive" both becoming Top 40 hits. The album proved as successful as the tour, selling 6 million copies in the U.S. The tour was interrupted in September 1994 because of Frey's serious recurrence of diverticulitis, but it resumed in 1995 and continued into 1996. In 1998, the Eagles were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. For the induction ceremony, all seven Eagles members (Frey, Henley, Leadon, Meisner, Felder, <mask>, and Schmit) played together for two songs, "Take It Easy" and "Hotel California". Several subsequent reunion tours followed (without Leadon or Meisner), notable for their record-setting ticket prices.The Eagles performed at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Paradise, Nevada on December 28 and 29, 1999, followed by a concert at the Staples Center in Los Angeles on December 31. These concerts marked the last time Felder played with the band and these shows (including a planned video release) later formed a part of a lawsuit filed by Felder against his former band members. The concert recordings were released on CD as part of the four-disc Selected Works: 1972–1999 box set in November 2000. Along with the millennium concert, this set included the band's hit singles, album tracks and outtakes from The Long Run sessions. Selected Works received platinum certification from the RIAA in 2002. The band resumed touring in 2001, with a line-up consisting of Frey, Henley, <mask> and Schmit, along with Steuart Smith (guitars, mandolin, keyboards, backing vocals; essentially taking over Felder's role), Michael Thompson (keyboards, trombone), Will Hollis (keyboards, backing vocals), Scott Crago (drums, percussion), Bill Armstrong (horns), Al Garth (saxophone, violin), Christian Mostert (saxophone) and Greg Smith (saxophone, percussion). In 2003, the Eagles released a greatest hits album, The Very Best Of.The two-disc compilation was the first that encompassed their entire career, from Eagles to Hell Freezes Over. It debuted at No. 3 on the Billboard charts and eventually gained triple platinum status. The album includes a new single, the September 11 attacks-themed "Hole in the World". Also in 2003, Warren Zevon, a longtime Eagles friend, began work on his final album, The Wind, with the assistance of Henley, <mask> and Schmit. On June 14, 2005, the Eagles released a new 2-DVD set titled Farewell 1 Tour-Live from Melbourne, featuring two new songs: Frey's "No More Cloudy Days" and <mask>'s "One Day at a Time". A special edition 2006 release exclusive to Walmart and affiliated stores includes a bonus audio CD with three new songs: a studio version of "No More Cloudy Days", "Fast Company" and "Do Something".In 2007, the Eagles consisted of Frey, Henley, <mask>, and Schmit. On August 20, 2007, "How Long", written by J. D. Souther, was released as a single to radio with an accompanying online video at Yahoo! Music. It debuted on television on Country Music Television during the Top 20 Countdown on August 23, 2007. The band had performed the song as part of their live sets in the early to mid-1970s, but did not record it at the time because Souther wanted to reserve it for use on his first solo album. Souther had previously worked with the Eagles, co-writing some of their biggest hits, including "Best of My Love", "Victim of Love", "Heartache Tonight" and "New Kid in Town". On October 30, 2007, the Eagles released Long Road Out of Eden, their first album of all-new material since 1979.For the first year after the album's release, it was available in the U.S. only via the band's website, at Walmart and at Sam's Club stores. It was commercially available through traditional retail outlets in other countries. The album debuted at number 1 in the U.S., the UK, Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands and Norway. It became their third studio album and seventh release overall to be certified at least seven times platinum by the RIAA. Henley told CNN that "This is probably the last Eagles album that we'll ever make." The Eagles made their awards show debut on November 7, 2007, when they performed "How Long" live at the Country Music Association Awards. On January 28, 2008, the second single of Long Road Out of Eden was released."Busy Being Fabulous" peaked at No. 28 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart and at No. 12 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart. The Eagles won their fifth Grammy in 2007, in the category Grammy Award for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal for "How Long". On March 20, 2008, the Eagles launched their world tour in support of Long Road Out of Eden at The O2 Arena in London.The Long Road Out of Eden Tour concluded the American portion of the tour at Rio Tinto Stadium in Sandy, Utah on May 9, 2009. It was the first concert ever held in the new soccer stadium. The tour traveled to Europe, with its final concert date on July 22, 2009, in Lisbon. The band spent the summer of 2010 touring North American stadiums with the Dixie Chicks and Keith Urban. The tour expanded to England as the headline act of the Hop Farm Festival on July 1, 2011. Asked in November 2010 whether the Eagles were planning a follow-up to Long Road Out of Eden, Schmit replied, "My first reaction would be: no way. But I said that before the last one, so you never really know.Bands are a fragile entity and you never know what's going to happen. It took a long time to do that last album, over a span of years, really, and it took a lot out of us. We took a year off at one point. I'm not sure if we're able to do that again. I wouldn't close the door on it, but I don't know." <mask> said in 2010 that there might be one more album before the band "wraps it up". In February 2013, the Eagles released a career spanning documentary called History of the Eagles and kicked off the supporting tour with 11 arena dates from July 6 to 25. Henley said that the tour, which would continue until 2015, "could very well be our last... we're gonna include at least one former band member in this tour and kinda go back to the roots, and how we created some of these songs.We're gonna break it down to the fundamentals and then take it up to where it is now." Original Eagles guitarist Bernie Leadon also appeared on the tour. <mask> stated, "Bernie's brilliant, I never really got a chance to play with him, but we've been in contact. We see him from time to time, and I'm really glad he's coming because it's going to take the show up a notch, and I'm really looking forward to playing with him, finally." It has been reported that former members Randy Meisner and Don Felder will not appear. Meisner had been invited but could not participate due to health problems, while Felder was reportedly not invited due to ongoing legal disputes with the band. Other bands
In late 1984, <mask> was contacted by Australian musician Paul Christie, the former bassist for Mondo Rock.Christie invited him to come to Australia to perform with the Party Boys, an all-star band with a floating membership of well-known Australian rock musicians. These included the critically acclaimed guitarist Kevin Borich, with whom <mask> became good friends. <mask> accepted and performed with the Party Boys on their late-1984–early-1985 Australian tour and appeared on their live album, You Need Professional Help. He remained in Australia for some time after the tour, putting together the short-lived touring band "Creatures From America", with Waddy Wachtel (guitar), Rick Rosas (bass guitar) and Australian drummer Richard Harvey (Divinyls, the Party Boys) In 1987, <mask> returned to the United States to work on his album Got Any Gum?, which was produced by Terry Manning and features vocal contributions from J. D. Souther and Survivor's lead singer Jimi Jamison. After the album's commercial disappointment, <mask> decided to return to Australia in 1989 to tour with another incarnation of the Party Boys. <mask> also toured with Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band in 1989 and 1992, alternating a handful of his best-known songs with Starr's and tunes by other of the members of the All-Starr Band. In 1989, <mask> recorded a MTV Unplugged with the R&B musician Dr. John.Also in 1989 <mask> filmed a live concert from the Wiltern Theater in Los Angeles with Etta James and Albert Collins, called Jazzvisions: Jump the Blues Away. While producing their Homegrown album in 1989, <mask> briefly joined New Zealand reggae band Herbs. Although he had left by the time of its 1990 release, he still appears as lead singer on two tracks, "Up All Night" and "It's Alright". The album includes the first recording of his "Ordinary Average Guys" (sung by late Herbs bassist Charlie Tumahai), which subsequently became a solo hit for <mask> as "Ordinary Average Guy". In late 1990, <mask> was part of a band called the Best, along with keyboardist Keith Emerson, bassist John Entwistle, guitarist Jeff "Skunk" Baxter and drummer Simon Phillips. The band performed several shows in Hawaii and Japan, with a live video resulting. In 1993, <mask>

masks:
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Joe Vitale
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh


text_chunks:
 teamed up with Glenn Frey for the "Party of Two" tour in the United States.In 1996, James Gang did a reunion for the Democratic president, Bill Clinton. The band consisted of their "classic" line-up (<mask>, Peters, Fox), and they performed at the Cleveland State University Convocation Center on November 4, 1996. In 1998, ABC wanted to use a classic rock song rock for Monday Night Football that year, so they asked <mask> to rewrite the lyrics to "Rocky Mountain Way" for the quarterback John Elway of the Denver Broncos. "Rocky Mountain Elway" was the new title of the song and <mask> appeared in a video that ABC showed on Monday Night Football. 2000s and 2010s
In June 2004, <mask> performed at Eric Clapton's Crossroads Guitar Festival in Dallas, Texas. He was also featured in September 2004 at the Strat Pack, a concert held in London, England, to mark the 50th anniversary of the Fender Stratocaster guitar. In 2006, <mask> reunited with Jim Fox and Dale Peters of the James Gang for new recordings and a 15-date summer reunion tour.The tour lasted into the fall. In 2008, <mask> appeared on the Carvin 60th Anniversary Celebration DVD as a celebrity endorser. In the recorded interview, he highly praised Carvin Guitars and claims that the bridge design is "just like the first Les Paul models. I can't even get Gibson to reissue it". Kent State University awarded <mask> an honorary degree in music in December 2001. In May 2012, the Berklee College of Music awarded <mask>, along with other members of the Eagles, an honorary doctorate for his accomplishments in the field of music. Notable appearances

In 1974, <mask> produced Dan Fogelberg's Souvenirs album and played the guitar, electric guitar, 12 string guitar, ARP bass and provided backing vocals.He also contacted Graham Nash to sing harmony vocals on "Part of the Plan", which helped send the album to No. 17 on the 1975 Billboard album chart. In 1973 <mask> supplied the slide guitar solo on Michael Stanley's song "Rosewood Bitters." <mask> later lifted part of that solo and used it prominently in the Eagles' hit "Life in the Fast Lane." In 1981, <mask> and former Barnstorm bandmate, <mask>, went to work on old friend John Entwistle's fifth solo album Too Late the Hero, whenever they were free to work on it. The album turned out to become John Entwistle's best-charting solo album, with hit singles "Talk Dirty" and "Too Late the Hero". <mask> was a background musician (1st guitar solo) on Eagles band member Don Henley's 1982 hit "Dirty Laundry" (listed as such in the liner notes of I Can't Stand Still and Actual Miles: Henley's Greatest Hits).<mask> has also contributed to albums by: Ringo Starr; America; REO Speedwagon; Jay Ferguson; Andy Gibb; Wilson Phillips; Emerson, Lake & Palmer and Steve Winwood; and on the Richard Marx hit "Don't Mean Nothing". <mask> was a regular guest DJ on Los Angeles radio station KLOS during the mid-1980s. They had a Saturday evening feature, with celebrity guest-hosts taking over the microphone (<mask> was the guest host far more frequently than any other). He was also a frequent guest and guest-host of Detroit and Chicago radio personality Steve Dahl. Onscreen, <mask> has appeared in: The Blues Brothers, Promised Land, The Drew Carey Show, Duckman, MADtv, Live from Daryl's House, Rock the Cradle and Zachariah. In October 2004, <mask> undertook speaking engagements in New Zealand to warn against the dangers of substance abuse. He said the visit was a "thank you" to people who took him to Otatara Pa when he toured New Zealand with reggae band Herbs while under heavy alcohol and cocaine addictions in 1989, an experience he has cited as the beginning of a long journey back to good health.At Otatara Pa in 2004 <mask> said, "This is a special place, and it is very special to me. It was here on a visit many years ago, up on the hills, that I had a moment of clarity. I don't understand it, but I reconnected with my soul, and I remembered who I used to be. I admitted I had problems and I had to do something about it. It was the beginning of my recovery from my addiction to alcohol and drugs, and when I got back to America it gave me the courage to seek help." On February 12, 2012, <mask> appeared on stage with Paul McCartney, Bruce Springsteen, Dave Grohl, and McCartney's band at the Staples Center in Los Angeles to close out the Grammy Awards show. <mask> also appeared on the 60th Episode of Live from Daryl's House with Daryl Hall, which premiered on November 15, 2012.On February 9, 2014, <mask> was featured in several songs on the CBS special The Night That Changed America: A Grammy Salute to The Beatles. In 2014, <mask> made a guest appearance on Foo Fighters' eighth studio album Sonic Highways. On May 24, 2016, <mask> appeared on NBC's The Voice in which he played slide guitar, talk box and performed Rocky Mountain Way with contestant Laith Al-Saadi. He appeared on an episode of 'The Conners' on 19 January 2022. He played Aldo's father. Influences
<mask> cites influences and with rock music / pop music  bands and guitarists with whom many he has encountered and met on concert tours: Les Paul, Jimi Hendrix, B.B. King, Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Eric Clapton, the Rolling Stones, the Beach Boys, Jeff Beck, the Beatles, Jimmy Page and Led Zeppelin, Ritchie Blackmore and Deep Purple, Manfred Mann, Duane Allman and The Allman Brothers, Ronnie Wood and The Faces, Pete Townshend and The Who, and The Ventures.In turn, he has influenced Dan Fogelberg, Maroon 5, Kenny Chesney, Jonny Lang, Blitzen Trapper, the Fabulous Thunderbirds, and George Thorogood. Duane Allman of the Allman Brothers Band taught <mask> how to play the slide guitar. Public service
<mask> is active in charity work and has performed in a number of concerts to raise money for charitable causes. He has also been a personal contributor to a number of charity causes including halfway houses for displaced adult women in Wichita, Kansas. <mask> funded the first talent-based scholarship at Kent State University in 2008. <mask>'s love of Santa Cruz Island grew into a lifelong commitment to conserve the environment there, and he has been active in preserving the island's parks. He is President of the Santa Cruz Island Foundation, and has served on the Foundation's board since the 1980s.<mask> had often joked about running for office, announcing a mock presidential campaign in 1980 and a vice presidential campaign in 1992. <mask> ran for President of the United States in 1980, promising to make "Life's Been Good" the new national anthem if he won, and ran on a platform of "Free Gas For Everyone". Though <mask> was only 32 at the time of the election and thus would not have met the 35-year-old requirement to actually assume office, he said that he wanted to raise public awareness of the election. In 1992 <mask> ran for vice president with Rev. Goat Carson under the slogan "We Want Our Money Back!" In an interview to promote his album Analog Man in 2012, <mask> revealed he was considering a serious bid for political office. "I think I would run seriously, and I think I would run for Congress," <mask> told WASH in Washington, D.C. "The root of the problem is that Congress is so dysfunctional.We're dead in the water until Congress gets to work and passes some new legislation to change things." In 2017, <mask> Brown Band, Gary Clark Jr., and Keith Urban, to try to organize and perform what became VetsAid – a concert series along the lines of the Farm Aid program spearheaded by country entertainer Willie Nelson. Personal life

 <mask> has been married five times. He was married briefly to Margie <mask> in the 1960s, to Stefany Rhodes from 1971 to 1978, to Juanita Boyer from 1980 to 1988, and to Denise Driscoll from 1999 to 2006. <mask> married Marjorie Bach (sister of Barbara Bach and sister-in-law of Ringo Starr) in Los Angeles on December 13, 2008. Another sister-in-law, <mask>, has been a missing person since 1996. <mask>'s daughter <mask> is a musician who has worked with Ashlee Simpson and others.She released her debut solo album, Lost in the Lights, in spring 2007. <mask>'s eldest daughter, Emma Kristen, was born in 1971 and died in 1974 at 3 years of age as a result of injuries suffered in an automobile accident on her way to nursery school. Her story inspired the track "Song for Emma" on <mask>'s solo album So What released later that year. In her memory, he had a fountain and memorial plaque placed in a park in which she played: North Boulder Park in Boulder, Colorado. He has said that the album name So What was a result of Emma's death: that nothing else seemed meaningful or important in the months that followed. The strain eventually contributed to <mask>'s divorce from his second wife Stefany. While touring with singer Stevie Nicks in 1984, <mask> took Nicks to the park's fountain; Nicks subsequently immortalized this story in her song "Has Anyone Ever Written Anything for You?"on her 1985 album Rock A Little. Nicks told the UK's The Daily Telegraph in 2007 that <mask> had been "the great love of my life". "<mask> and I broke up because of the coke," she elaborated to Q. "He told my friend and singer Sharon [Celani], 'I'm leaving Stevie, because I'm afraid that one of us is going to die. And the other one won't be able to save the other person, because our cocaine habit has become so over the top now that neither of us can live through this. So the only way to save both of us is for me to leave.'" <mask> admits to struggling with alcohol and drug addictions for most of his early career and has been in recovery since 1993.In 1989, while touring with New Zealand band Herbs, <mask> experienced an "epiphany" during a visit to Otatara Pa, an ancient Māori pā site in the Hawke's Bay region. In 2004, on a return visit to New Zealand, <mask> described the experience and hailed it as the beginning of his recovery from his addiction. <mask> related the story that in 1994, he woke up after blacking out on an airplane to Paris. When he arrived, he had his passport, but did not remember getting on the plane. That was his turning point, and he has been sober ever since. While living in New York City, <mask> began a lifelong interest in amateur radio. He holds an Amateur Extra Class Amateur Radio License, and his station callsign is WB6ACU.In 2006, he donated an autographed guitar to the ARRL in Newington, Connecticut, for its charity auction. He has also been involved with the group's "Big Project," which brings amateur radio into schools. <mask> has included Morse Code messages in his albums on two occasions: once on the album Barnstorm ("Register and Vote"), and later on Songs for a Dying Planet ("Register and Vote for Me"). <mask> provides the theme song (which includes Morse code) for the TWiT podcast Ham Nation (debuting in 2011), and he appeared as a guest in the first podcast, as well as episode 400. Instruments
Jimmy Page's sunburst 1959 Gibson Les Paul, better known as his "Number 1" was originally owned by <mask> and was sold to Page in 1969. In 1970, <mask> gave a 1959 Gretsch 6120 to the Who's lead guitarist Pete Townshend. Townshend used the Gretsch in the studio to record tracks on albums such as Who's Next and Quadrophenia.Select other guitars

1959 Gibson Les Paul that was given/sold to Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page in April 1969
Carvin DC4, CT6, CT4, CS4, and other various models. Duesenberg Starplayer Alliance - <mask> has an Alliance guitar co-developed with him

Amplifiers
Marshall 50 watt Plexi

Discography

The Measles
Singles:
 1965: Casting My Spell/Bye Birdie Fly
 1966: Kicks/No Baby At All

The Ohio Express
 1967: Beg, Borrow And Steal - I Find I Think Of You composed by <mask> and played by his band The Measles. James Gang
Studio albums:
 1969: Yer' Album
 1970: James Gang Rides Again
 1971: Thirds
Live album:
 1971: James Gang Live in Concert
Compilation:
 1973: The Best Of James Gang Featuring <mask>

Barnstorm
Studio albums:
 1972: Barnstorm
 1973: The Smoker You Drink, the Player You Get

Eagles
Studio albums:
 1976: Hotel California
 1979: The Long Run
 2007: Long Road out of Eden
Live albums:
 1980: Eagles Live
 1994: Hell Freezes Over
 2020: Live from the Forum MMXVIII

Solo

Collaborations
 Indianola Mississippi Seeds - B.B. King (1970)
 L.A. Midnight - B.B. King (1972)
 The Kids & Me - Billy Preston (1974)
 Souvenirs - Dan Fogelberg (1974)
 Act Like Nothing's Wrong - Al Kooper (1976)
 Stone Alone - Bill Wyman (1976)
 A Night on the Town - Rod Stewart (1976)
 Nether Lands - Dan Fogelberg (1977)
 Little Criminals - Randy Newman (1977)
 Earth & Sky - Graham Nash (1980)
 Bad Luck Streak in Dancing School - Warren Zevon (1980)
 Wild Heart of the Young - Karla Bonoff (1982)
 I Can't Stand Still - Don Henley (1982)
 Back in the High Life - Steve Winwood (1986)
 Richard Marx - Richard Marx (1987)
 Red House - Albert King (1991)
 The Fire Inside - Bob Seger (1991)
 Vertical Man - Ringo Starr (1998)
 The Wild - Warren Zevon (2003)
 Just Who I Am: Poets & Pirates - Kenny Chesney (2007)
 Y Not - Ringo Starr (2010)
 Ringo 2012 - Ringo Starr (2012)
 Postcards from Paradise - Ringo Starr (2015)
 Give More Love - Ringo Starr (2017)
 What's My Name - Ringo Starr (2019)
 Threads - Sheryl Crow (2019)

Filmography

Film
 1971: Zachariah Film de George Englund. With Don Johnson: Himself with The James Gang.1980: The Blues Brothers: A prisoner dancing on a table. 1990: The Best - DVD With Keith Emerson, Jeff Baxter, <mask>, John Entwistle, Simon Phillips: Himself. Television
 Mad TV, as himself, in Episode 1.2 (1995)
 Promised land, as R.J., "The Prodigy" (1996)
 Duckman: Private Dick/Family Man, voicing himself, "They Craved Duckman's Brain!" (1996) and "Love! Anger! Kvetching!" See also
 List of artists who reached number one on the U.S.Mainstream Rock chart

Further reading
<mask>, <mask> (1996). Look What I Did! And Then Some .... Hal Leonard Corporation. Lemco, Steve (2011). Joe & Me''. CreateSpace Independent Publishing

masks:
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Joe Vitale
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walshac
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Susan Walsh
Walsh
Lucy Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Joe
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Joe Walsh
Joe Walsh
Joe Walsh
Walsh
Joe


text_chunks:
<mask> (born  in Santa Barbara, California) is an American actor, writer and award-winning narrator of over 800  audiobooks, including popular titles such as Washington: A Life, Moneyball, Cloud Atlas, A Princess of Mars, The Bourne Identity, The Bourne Supremacy, The Bourne Ultimatum, Atlas Shrugged, Sideways, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (filmed as Blade Runner), I, Robot, Mystic River, Helter Skelter, Patriot Games, Bid Time Return (filmed as Somewhere in Time), In Cold Blood, the Dune series, Ender's Game, and Fahrenheit 451. He has narrated works for a number of high-profile authors, including Tom Clancy, Robert Ludlum, Michael Crichton, John Grisham, Clive Cussler, Stephen J. Cannell, William Faulkner, Nelson DeMille, Brad Meltzer, Harlan Coben, Gregg Hurwitz, David Baldacci, <mask>, Frank Herbert, Brian Herbert, Kevin J. Anderson, Joseph Finder, Tom De Haven, Stephen R. Donaldson, Nathaniel Philbrick, Terry Brooks, Steve Berry, Gene Wilder, Philip K. Dick, Dennis Lehane, Douglas J. Preston, Lincoln Child,  Ayn Rand,  Justin Cronin,  Carl Hiaasen,  Erik Larson, and Isaac Asimov, among others. Early life
<mask> studied acting and writing at UCLA before embarking on his professional career in 1989. Career

Audiobooks

In 1999, <mask> began narrating audiobooks and found himself a popular choice for top publishers and authors. After recording some 250 titles in five years, AudioFile magazine named <mask> “one of the fastest-rising stars in the audiobook galaxy", and proclaimed him a "Golden Voice", a reputation solidified by a November 2004 article on the front page of the Wall Street Journal. Publishers Weekly then went on to honor <mask> as Narrator of the Year in 2007 and 2011.To date, he has won over 50 Earphone Awards, two Audie Awards and a nomination for a Grammy Award. He opened his own audiobook recording studio and publishing company, Brick By Brick Audiobooks, with the goals of streamlining production and ensuring consistency throughout his body of work. (Taking a note from DVDs, many of Brick By Brick's titles also include extra features, such as interviews and illustrations.) On May 16, 2008, Brick By Brick Audiobooks released its first title: Lord Foul's Bane, from Stephen R. Donaldson's  The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant series. By April 4, 2009, <mask> had narrated and released the other two titles in the initial trilogy (The Illearth War and The Power That Preserves), along with Fatal Revenant, the eighth book in the series. When completed, this debut project will result in new unabridged audio narrations of all 10 titles of The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant series. The first trilogy, The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant, the Unbeliever, was released in print from 1977 to 1979; The Second Chronicles of Thomas Covenant was released in print from 1980 to 1983; and The Last Chronicles of Thomas Covenant tetralogy was released in print and audio format from 2004 to 2013.Brick By Brick Audiobooks has since grown to include the unabridged recordings of M. K. Wren's three-volume The Phoenix Legacy (Sword of the Lamb, Shadow of the Swan and House of the Wolf), as well as literary classics such as Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and  Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol. The CD version of the latter includes four audio discs, as well as a fifth disc of bonus material which includes the original 1843 First Edition illustrations by John Leech (caricaturist) and a photo of <mask> playing the role of Ebenezer Scrooge in a 1995 stage production of A Christmas Carol. In October 2009, <mask> compiled and released Gothic Horror: Bloodcurdling Tales from the World’s Greatest Authors, a collection of short stories from famous authors such as Edgar Allan Poe, H.P. Lovecraft, Mary Shelley and more. In an innovative twist, every All Hallow’s Eve hence a new story by a new author will be added to the Gothic Horror library, giving listeners an ever-growing collection of classic horror on audio. <mask> cites as his favorite audiobook readings Philip K. Dick's Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (released under the film adaptation's title, Blade Runner) and Budd Schulberg's What Makes Sammy Run?"I would have them back just so I could redo them year after year after year. Because they never get old for me." Stage and cinema
<mask> spent 10 years with the LA-based traveling Shakespeare troupe Will and Company, performing for schools throughout California. He has appeared as Cyrano, Hamlet, and Macbeth in productions throughout the country. In 2005, he collaborated with author Orson <mask> to adapt a collection of the author’s short stories for the stage in a production titled Posing as People. In 2008, <mask> appeared in "The Delivery", a short film from Stefan Rudnicki, Gabrielle DeCuir and Skyboat Films starring  Efrem Zimbalist, Jr., Michael York, John Rubinstein, Stephanie Zimbalist, Harlan Ellison and Orson <mask>, among others. The Delivery won First Place in Fantasy at the 2008 Dragon*Con Independent Film Festival.The trailer for The Delivery can be viewed online. In 2010, <mask> appeared as Agent Frank Donnolly in the independent film, Hit Parade, written and directed by comic book writer Joe Casey. The trailer for Hit Parade can be viewed online. The DVD can be purchased on Amazon or watched via Amazon Online. Writing

In 2000, <mask> was hired to adapt Arthur C. Clarke’s Rendezvous with Rama for the big screen by Morgan Freeman and Revelations Entertainment with David Fincher attached to direct. <mask> has written articles in a variety of comic book, science fiction and toy-related subjects for publications such as Wizard Magazine, ToyFare, Comics Buyer's Guide, Creative Screenwriting and others. In 2012 <mask> completed his first novel, a modern-day supernatural thriller based on an 18th-century murder in New England.He is also writing an instructional guide, Narrating Audiobooks by <mask>. Notes

External links

 <mask> Brick Presents - Primary Artist Site
 <mask> Brick Presents - Online Sales Web Site
 Tantor Media Narrator Detail Page for <mask>
 Publishers Weekly 2007 Narrator of the Year Interview
 Audio File Magazine Golden Voice Interview and Audiography
 Video of <mask> reading Harlan Coben's novel THE WOODS
 Trailer for THE DELIVERY - a Short Film in which <mask> Appears

1966 births
Living people
Audiobook narrators
American male voice actors

masks:
Scott Brick
Orson Scott Card
Brick
Brick
Brick
Brick
Brick
Brick
Brick
Brick
Brick
Scott Card
Brick
Scott Card
Brick
Brick
Brick
Brick
Scott Brick
Scott
Scott
Scott Brick
Scott Brick
Scott Brick


text_chunks:
<mask> (born 11 May 1954) is an English former footballer. He has previously managed: Portsmouth, Plymouth Argyle, Wycombe Wanderers, Aston Villa, Derby County, Queens Park Rangers, Maccabi Ahi Nazareth, F.C. Ashdod, FC Kairat, Crawley Town and Chennaiyin. As a player, he was a versatile midfielder who started his career at Northampton Town and later played for Brighton & Hove Albion, QPR, Derby and Aston Villa. He won six caps for England. Playing career
<mask> was born in Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire, where his father, <mask>, was playing for Scunthorpe United. <mask> made his professional football debut in 1972, at the age of 18, when playing for Northampton Town.He scored eight goals in 187 games over the next five years, before being transferred to First Division Aston Villa in 1977. <mask> was a considerable success at Aston Villa. Despite playing two divisions higher than he had ever done before, he adapted well to First Division football and scored 10 goals in 65 games over the next two seasons. During his time at Villa, <mask> became the only player to play in every outfield position, wearing every number from 2 to 11 over his two seasons with the club, which remained a record, until Steve Palmer of Watford achieved this with shirt numbers 1 to 14 including playing in goal, in 1997/98 season. In 1979, <mask> signed for Brighton & Hove Albion, who had just won promotion to the First Division for the first time in their history. He scored seven goals in 72 games over the next two seasons before dropping down into the Second Division to sign for Queen's Park Rangers. He was part of the QPR side that reached the FA Cup final in 1982 (losing to Tottenham Hotspur in a replay) and won promotion to the First Division a year later as Second Division champions.He also helped QPR finish fifth and qualify for the UEFA Cup in 1984, but 1984–85 was a tough season for <mask> and his colleagues after manager Terry Venables departed to Barcelona and successor Frank Sibley was unable to keep up QPR's good form. At the end of a difficult season in which QPR only narrowly stayed in the First Division, <mask> dropped down two divisions to sign for fallen giants Derby County. Derby County, champions of England in 1972 and 1975, had fallen into the Third Division in 1984 and had failed to win promotion in 1984–85. <mask> was the centerpiece of their midfield as they achieved promotion to the Second Division at the end of the 1985–86 season and to the First Division (as Second Division champions) a year later. <mask> stayed for one season as Derby County survived their first top flight season for nearly a decade, before announcing his retirement as a player. He played a total of 93 league appearances for the Rams, scoring 22 goals. When taking over as manager of Plymouth Argyle early in 1990, <mask> re-registered himself as a player.After being sacked as manager and replaced by Dave Kemp, he then played three games for the club. On departing from the Home Park club, he moved 300 miles north to play for Third Division Bolton Wanderers, making seven appearances before finally retiring as a player at the age of 36. Managerial career
<mask> actually used to manage whilst still playing. During the 1970s managing amateur teams in Northamptonshire. His first two professional spells in management (between January 1989 and June 1990), first with Portsmouth and then with Plymouth Argyle, lasted just a few months each. Shortly afterwards, he linked up as a non-contract player with his former England and Northampton Town teammate Phil Neal, who was then manager at Bolton Wanderers. He later worked under Brian Little on the coaching staff at Leicester City (1991–1994) and Aston Villa (1994–96) before moving back into management with Wycombe Wanderers in September 1996.Wycombe were bottom of Division Two when <mask> took over, but he oversaw a massive improvement in league form which saw the club climb up to a secure mid-table finish. However, the side he put together failed to progress any further, and they also suffered an embarrassing FA Cup exit to Basingstoke Town. Wycombe were performing well in February 1998 when <mask> quit to take the manager's job back at Aston Villa. He helped improve Villa's league form during the final 3 months of the 1997–98 season and they qualified for the UEFA Cup. Halfway through the 1998–99 season, Villa were Premiership leaders but a slump in form saw the club eventually finish sixth in the final table and miss out on a first Premiership title. Villa reached the FA Cup final in 2000 but lost to Chelsea. <mask> quit in January 2002, with Villa going on to finish eighth that season.<mask>'s next spell in management was with Derby County (January 2002 – March 2003). When he took charge at Derby they were bottom of the Premiership, but after winning both of his first two games at the helm it looked as though he might be able to save them from relegation. Unfortunately, seven defeats from their final eight fixtures saw Derby slip out of the Premiership after six years. The club's financial problems meant that <mask> hadn't purchased any players during the 2002–03 season, and their subsequent form in Division One was disappointing. He was sacked in March 2003 for alleged misconduct but later won £1 million in compensation for unfair dismissal. Due to the ongoing lawsuit, <mask> was unable to apply for another managerial position for some time, so he spent most of the next three years working as a television pundit. On 20 September 2006 he was unveiled as manager of Queens Park Rangers.He replaced Gary Waddock, who had stepped down following a poor succession of results that had left the club bottom of the Football League Championship. This appointment caused a schism among QPR fans, some of whom saw <mask>'s friendship with controversial chairman Gianni Paladini as a conflict of interest. After a decent start with successive victories over Hull City and Southampton, Rangers form dipped before winning three on the bounce (including a victory at (then) league leaders Cardiff City). Unfortunately, results did not continue to improve, and relegation looked a distinct possibility for <mask>'s men. However, following a fine late season run, QPR beat Cardiff 1–0 at Loftus Road on 21 April 2007 to secure their Championship status for another year. <mask> was sacked as QPR manager on 1 October 2007, after another string of poor performances. On 8 December 2009, <mask> was appointed the manager of Israeli club Maccabi Ahi Nazareth.He led them to relegation. On 18 May 2010, <mask> signed a three-year contract with Israeli Premier League Club F.C. Ashdod. He resigned from Ashdod on 18 April 2011, with the club facing the possibility of relegation. On 13 June 2011, <mask> was appointed the manager of Kazakh club FC Kairat from Almaty, Kazakhstan. Kairat survived relegation at the end of the 2011 season to the second tier of Kazakhstan football. <mask> had his contract as manager of FC Kairat terminated in December 2011, and in April 2012 was paid $120,000 in compensation.On 3 December 2013, <mask> was named as the manager of Crawley Town, replacing previous manager Richie Barker. On 27 December 2014, after being Crawley Town manager for just over a year <mask> stepped down as manager due to health problems; on the same day Crawley Town named Welsh former international and former Wolverhampton Wanderers manager Dean Saunders as interim manager. On 3 July 2017, <mask> signed as head coach of Chennaiyin in the Indian Super League. On 17 March 2018, he led Chennaiyin to their second Indian Super League title by defeating Bengaluru 3–2 in the finals. On 19 March 2018, <mask> extended his contract for one year. After which he was sacked after a poor run of form in the 2019-20 season. Career statistics

As a Player

As a Manager

Honours

Manager
Aston Villa
UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2001

Chennaiyin FC
Indian Super League: 2017–18

Individual
Indian Super League Coach of the Year: 2017-18
Premier League Manager of the Month: September 1998, September 2001

References

External links

1954 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Scunthorpe
Footballers from Lincolnshire
Association football midfielders
English footballers
England international footballers
Northampton Town F.C.players
Aston Villa F.C. players
Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. players
Queens Park Rangers F.C. players
Derby County F.C. players
Plymouth Argyle F.C. players
Bolton Wanderers F.C. players
English Football League players
English football managers
English expatriate football managers
Portsmouth F.C.managers
Wycombe Wanderers F.C. managers
Aston Villa F.C. managers
Derby County F.C. managers
Queens Park Rangers F.C. managers
F.C. Ashdod managers
English Football League managers
Premier League managers
Expatriate football managers in Israel
FC Kairat managers
Maccabi Ahi Nazareth F.C. managers
Crawley Town F.C.managers
Indian Super League head coaches
Chennaiyin FC managers
FA Cup Final players

masks:
John Charles Gregory
Gregory
Jack Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
John
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory
Gregory


text_chunks:
<mask> (柳渾) (715 – February 23, 789), né <mask> (柳載), courtesy name Yikuang (夷曠), alternative name Weishen (惟深), formally Count Zhen of Yicheng (宜城貞伯), was a Chinese politician during the Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong. Background
<mask> was born in 715, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. His family was from Xiang Prefecture (襄州, in modern Xiangfan, Hubei) but claimed as their ancestral lands the Hedong region (河東, roughly modern Shanxi) and claimed the Jin Dynasty (266–420) official <mask> (柳純) as an ancestor. Their traceable ancestry included officials of Jin Dynasty, Liu Song, Southern Qi, Liang Dynasty, and Tang Dynasty. His grandfather <mask>u (柳尚素) and father <mask>u (柳慶休) both served as county-level officials. <mask>'s father <mask>u died early. He was studious, but was poor as a result of his father's early death.He passed the imperial examinations early in Emperor Xuanzong's Tianbao era (742–756) and was made the sheriff of Danfu County (單父, in modern Heze, Shandong). During Emperor Suzong's reign
During the Zhide era (756–758) of Emperor Xuanzong's son Emperor Suzong, <mask> served as a secretary for Huangfu Shen (皇甫侁) the surveyor of Jiangxi Circuit (江西, headquartered in modern Nanchang, Jiangxi). He was then recalled to serve as Jiancha Yushi (監察御史), an imperial censor. As the imperial censors were required to be careful and formal in their behavior, and <mask> was free in his spirit, <mask> became unhappy and sought another position. The chancellors had regard for his talents, however, and so had him made Zuo Bujue (左補闕), a low-level official at the examination bureau of government (門下省, Menxia Sheng). He was later given the responsibility of monitoring the tax revenues from Jiangxi Circuit. During Emperor Daizong's reign
Early in the Dali era (767–779) of Emperor Suzong's son Emperor Daizong, Wei Shaoyou (魏少遊), the governor of Jiangxi Circuit, requested that <mask> serve as his secretary.While he was serving under Wei, there was an occasion when the abbot of a Buddhist temple dedicated to Emperor Xuanzong was drinking at night with his disciples, and in their drunkenness, the temple suffered a fire. They blamed it on the deaf servant guarding the door, however, and bribed the military officer Wei put in charge of the investigation to submit a report indicating such. Wei believed the report and was set to punish the servant, and while many people knew of the servant's innocence, no one dared to speak. <mask> and his colleague Cui Youfu, however, stepped in and reported this to Wei. Wei was surprised, and after he interrogated the abbot further, the abbot confessed. Wei thanked them and stated, "Except for you two gentleman, this old man would have committed a wrong." Later, after Lu Sigong (路嗣恭) succeeded Wei, Lu made <mask> the deputy commander of the circuit militia (團練副使, Tuanlian Fushi).In 778, <mask> was made the prefect of Yuan Prefecture (袁州, in modern Yichun, Jiangxi). During Emperor Dezong's reign
In 779, Emperor Daizong died and was succeeded by his son Emperor Dezong. Cui Youfu became chancellor, and he recommended <mask> to be the examiner of Zhejiang Circuit (浙江東西道, headquartered in modern Suzhou, Jiangsu). He was later recalled to the capital Chang'an to serve as Shangshu Zuo Cheng (尚書左丞), one of the secretaries general of the executive bureau (尚書省, Shangshu Sheng). In 783, soldiers from Jingyuan Circuit (涇原, headquartered in modern Pingliang, Gansu), then at Chang'an to await deployment, mutinied, and Emperor Dezong was forced to flee to Fengtian (奉天, in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi). <mask> followed him to Fengtian. Meanwhile, the Jingyuan soldiers supported the general Zhu Ci as their leader, and Zhu soon declared himself emperor of a new state of Qin.To create suspicion within Emperor Dezong's followers, he issued an edict naming <mask> and Cui Ning chancellors. Emperor Dezong, believing Cui to be complicit in Zhu's rebellion, executed Cui, but took no actions against <mask>. Later, when Emperor Dezong was forced to further flee to Liang Prefecture (梁州, in modern Hanzhong, Shaanxi), <mask> followed him, and was made Zuo Sanqi Changshi (左散騎常侍), a senior advisor at the examination bureau. After Zhu's state was destroyed in 784 and Emperor Dezong returned to Chang'an, <mask>, stating that his name had been tainted because it had been in an edict of Zhu's, and also that the character of Zai (載) contained a radical, ge (戈), that signified the use of force while the state was to be pacified, requested permission to change his name to Hun, and permission was granted. In 786, <mask> was made the deputy minister of defense (兵部侍郎, Bingbu Shilang) and was created the Count of Yicheng. In 787, under the recommendation of the powerful chancellor Han Huang, <mask> was given the designation Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi (同中書門下平章事), making him a chancellor de facto as well, and he was also given authority over the examination bureau. Believing Han to be overly harsh, although he was recommended by Han, he sternly rebuked Han for battering a low-level official to death, and thereafter, Han moderated his behavior somewhat.Meanwhile, he opposed Emperor Dezong's consideration of a former close associate, Bai Zhizhen (白志貞), for promotion, believing that Bai was a flatterer unfit for promotion. Emperor Dezong nevertheless promoted Bai while <mask> was away ill. When <mask> recovered, he offered his resignation, but Emperor Dezong turned it down. Later in the year, Emperor Dezong, despite the opposition of the major general Li Sheng, entered into a peace treaty with Tufan's chancellor Shang Jiezan (尚結贊). On the day that another major general, <mask> Jian, as Emperor Dezong's emissary, was set to formally sign the treaty with Shang at Pingliangchuan (平涼川), Emperor Dezong remarked to the officials at Chang'an that it was a fortunate time for the state. <mask> stated that he believed that he was worried because he found the Tufan to be untrustworthy, and Li agreed; Emperor Dezong, angry at their continued opposition to the treaty, rebuked them both. That night, however, reports from the general Han Yougui (韓遊瓌) arrived that Tufan forces had ambushed Hun and nearly captured him.Emperor Dezong, amazed that <mask> had predicted this, had an imperial messenger deliver the report to <mask>. The next day, he stated to <mask>, "You are but a scholar. It is amazing how you were able to predict this so accurately." Meanwhile, because <mask> was willing to speak, his relationship with fellow chancellor Zhang Yanshang, whom Emperor Dezong trusted, became poor. On one occasion, Zhang sent an associate to state to <mask>, "You, lord chancellor, are greatly honored for your virtues. If you are more careful with your words in the imperial halls, you can stay chancellor for a long time." <mask> responded:

However, <mask> was soon offending Emperor Dezong, as Emperor Dezong liked people who spoke elegantly and implicitly.However, <mask> was straightforward and often used colloquialisms. He wanted to demote <mask> to be the secretary general for an imperial prince, but at the urging of fellow chancellor Li Mi, only demoted him to be Zuo Sanqin Changshi again. It was said that <mask> was humorous, and in his association with others he was not as arrogant as high level officials usually were. Several days after his removal as chancellor, he was touring with his old friends and did not appear at all upset over his removal. At that time, former chancellors Li Mian and Lu Han commented, "When we see Lord <mask> of Yicheng, we, in comparison, feel like overly constricted men." <mask> died in 789. Notes and references

 Old Book of Tang, vol.125. New Book of Tang, vol. 155. Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 228, 232, 233. 715 births
789 deaths
Chancellors under Emperor Dezong of Tang

masks:
Liu Hun
Liu Zai
Liu Zai
Liu Chun
Liu Shangs
Liu Qingxi
Liu Zai
Liu Qingxi
Liu Zai
Liu
Liu
Liu Zai
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu Zai
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Hun
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu
Liu


text_chunks:
<mask>. (June 30, 1905 – September 30, 1976) was a prominent American real estate developer. Through his development company Webb and Knapp — for which he began working in 1938 and which he purchased in 1949 — he developed a significant portion of the New York City urban landscape. Architects I. M. Pei and Le Corbusier designed structures for Zeckendorf's development projects. Early life
<mask> was born to a Jewish family in Paris, Illinois, the son of a hardware store manager. His family moved to New York City when he was three years old. He attended New York University but dropped out to work at the real estate company of his uncle, Sam Borchard. He soon left his uncle's firm to work for Webb & Knapp, a small New York building manager and brokerage.Career
Zeckendorf's most notable property acquisition, and potential development of a "dream city" to rival Rockefeller Center, was a  site along the East River between 42nd Street and 48th Street. In a now celebrated transaction in December 1946, the prominent architect Wallace Harrison and Nelson Rockefeller bought the site from him for $8.5 million ($ million in ) and Nelson's father John D. Rockefeller Jr. subsequently donated this land for the building of the United Nations Headquarters. <mask> also owned New York's famous Chrysler Building and the venerable Hotel Astor in Times Square. He purchased Chicago's famous Robie House in 1958, before transferring ownership to the University of Chicago. He developed two of I. M. Pei's early skyscrapers — the Mile High Center (now part of Wells Fargo Center) in downtown Denver, and Place Ville Marie in downtown Montreal. <mask> also partnered with Chicago real estate titan Arthur Rubloff to develop a stretch of Michigan Avenue into what Rubloff dubbed the Magnificent Mile. The Rubloff Company was eventually acquired by Prudential and subsequently has become a division of Berkshire Hathaway.The real estate tycoon and his company, Webb & Knapp, also were involved in theme park investment following the successful debut of Disneyland. <mask> came to know C.V. Wood, who first helped build Disneyland as a Disney employee and then developed theme parks in Colorado, Massachusetts, New York (on Zeckendorf's property) and Texas under his own Marco Engineering company. <mask> and his company enjoyed various connections to the Marco Engineering parks. In New York, Wood created and built Freedomland U.S.A. on marshland that had been owned by Zeckendorf since the early 1950s. The property was located in The Bronx, a borough of New York City. The park lasted just five years (1960-1964) and it was under various layers of management that included <mask> and his son. According to <mask> in a newspaper article that appeared during 1970, the theme park, unknown to the public at the time, served as a "placeholder" for the land to obtain variances that permitted the construction on the marshland of the world's largest co-operative housing project known as Co-op City.<mask>'s ownership of the land and his role in Freedomland are documented in the book Freedomland U.S.A.: The Definitive History (Theme Park Press, 2019). Deal with Spyros Skouras
In December 1958, Zeckendorf entered into a deal with Spyros Skouras, head of 20th Century-Fox, to purchase Fox's project to develop  of its historic backlot in Los Angeles, California, into a proposed  Century City. The studio had suffered a string of expensive flops, culminating in the box-office disaster Cleopatra (1963) and was in dire need of money. The project, conceived under the direction of Edmund Herrscher, the studio's director of property development, had been announced the first week of 1958, with construction said to begin in July 1958. However, construction did not start as promised, and rumors, later confirmed, circulated that developer Zeckendorf would take over the project by purchasing 20th's interest in the project for . The following March it was announced that construction would begin that month on the new headquarters for architect Welton Becket, chief architect on the project That did not occur either. Zeckendorf hired New York public relations executive Tex McCrary to lend new life and visibility to the project.McCrary, in turn contracted with Los Angeles publicist Charles A. Pomerantz, well known in the entertainment industry, to come up with a campaign and execute it. Pomerantz turned to a young publicist he had hired, Worley Thorne, the only other publicist in the small firm, for suggestions. Thorne said he'd call friends in the press to assess their attitudes. Thorne learned that there was deep skepticism that the project would ever be built. 20th did not have the money, which is why they brought in Zeckendorf, but apparently Zeckendorf was unable to deliver even the $53-million purchase price, let alone $400 million. The California papers had already given a lot of publicity to Century City and, for them, any more coverage would just be re-hash in which they were not interested. Thorne reported to Pomerantz his opinion that the only way to restore credibility to the project was to actually "begin" construction, and Pomerantz went for the plan.Thorne called Herrscher and asked if there was some small building they could demolish with a bulldozer, to begin to "break ground" for the Becket building. Herrscher said there was a tin shack that was expendable and he'd make it available, as well as the bulldozer. McCrary and <mask>, Jr., vice-president of Webb & Knapp, also approved. Thorne said that it should be a large affair with the mayors of Los Angeles, Beverly Hills, and Santa Monica, plus politicians and other dignitaries, invited, as well as all the Southern California press. He and Pomerantz would find a star to "launch" the project by breaking a bottle of champagne on the shack prior to its being demolished. Later, they secured Mary Pickford for that task. It was all purely symbolic, since construction did not actually begin, but no one stated that openly, it was dramatic, and very successful.The Los Angeles Times devoted almost three full pages to its coverage of the event. Still lacking sufficient money, <mask> was forced to make  per day penalty payments to Fox. In 1960, <mask> solved his problem by partnering with Alcoa in a joint-venture relationship to finally build Century City, which by now had escalated to a  project. The new owners embraced the studio's conception of Century City as "a city within a city" with the arc-shaped, 19-story Century Plaza Hotel to be the centerpiece. This joint-venture marked an increasing interest by large corporations with land "surplus" in order to create housing communities, industrial parks and office buildings; marking the first movement from traditional industry into real estate investing. Bankruptcy
Before his company's bankruptcy in 1965, <mask> became the embodiment of glamorous real-estate dealmaking, which included developing Roosevelt Airfield, where Charles Lindbergh began his transatlantic flight, and helping to advance and develop Long Island University. From the start of his career <mask> had been able to use his dealmaking skills to acquire or build projects for which he lacked the funds, but in time the under-funding caught up with him, and "his overextended company crashed in a spectacular bankruptcy."Personal life
<mask> was married four times. His first wife was Irma Levy; they had two children: <mask> Jr. and <mask> Nicholson. They later divorced and she remarried to the music critic and historian Irving Kolodin. His second wife was Marion Griffin who died in 1968. In 1972, he married Alice Odenheimer Bache, widow of Harold L. Bache. They subsequently divorced and he married Louise Betterly Malcolm in 1975. On 30 September 1976, <mask> died in his residence on 65th Street and Park Avenue after suffering a stroke.Bibliography

See also
 L'Enfant Plaza
 Place Ville Marie
 Roosevelt Field shopping mall
 Zeckendorf Towers

References

External links

1905 births
1976 deaths
American real estate businesspeople
20th-century American Jews
Businesspeople from New York City
20th-century American businesspeople
People from Paris, Illinois
Businesspeople from Illinois
New York University alumni

masks:
William Zeckendorf Sr
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
William Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
Zeckendorf
William Zeckendorf
Susan Zeckendorf
William Zeckendorf


text_chunks:
<mask> (born 1947) is a marine biologist and fisheries scientist, known for his work on conservation and natural resource management in the context of fisheries. He is currently professor of aquatic and fishery science at the University of Washington. He focuses on conservation, natural resource management, fisheries stock assessment and risk analysis, and advises several international fisheries commissions and agencies. Biography
<mask> has authored more than 200 peer-reviewed scientific papers, and several books. In 1992, <mask> coauthored Quantitative fisheries stock assessment with Carl Walters. In 1997, he coauthored The Ecological Detective: Confronting Models with Data with Marc Mangel. In 2012, he coauthored Overfishing: what everyone needs to know with <mask>.With Carl Walters, he jointly received the Wildlife Society award for best paper in fish ecology and management: Walters, C.J. and Hilborn R. 1976. "Adaptive control of fishing systems", Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 33(1): 145-159. In 2006, he shared the Volvo Environment Prize with Daniel Pauly and Carl Walters. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. In 2011, he received the Ecological Society of America's Sustainability Science Award for a 2009 paper with Boris Worm and others entitled Rebuilding global fisheries, Science 325:578-585. In 2016 he received the International Fisheries Science Prize at the World Fisheries Congress in Busan, South Korea.The award recognized his 40-year career of “highly diversified research and publication in support of global fisheries science and conservation,” according to a news release. His major areas of current and past research interest include "Bayesian analysis of decision making in natural resources, adaptive management of renewable resources, the dynamics of the Serengeti ecosystem in east Africa, the role of hatcheries in management of Pacific salmon, the ability of institutions to learn from experience, statistical methods in testing dynamic ecological hypotheses, the analysis of migration and dispersal from mark–recapture data, and the ecological dynamics of fishing fleets." Fisheries management research
In their research, Hilborn and Walters investigated the ways that dynamic models can be used to manage fisheries in order to maintain states of optimum equilibrium. In their paper, they examined the effectiveness of using the Ricker and Beverton-Holt models to estimate the potential yield of future generations by using data taken from prior generations. They addressed the problem that, in regards to fisheries, the parameters of the control system are often either varied or uncertain and the use of historical data becomes progressively more unreliable as it gets older. Variables, regarding these issues, include natural mortality and spawning rates as well the effects of human fishing, as a predator-prey relationship. Influenced by control theory, Hilborn and Walters modified the original models with various new formulae to create alternative models, in order to achieve more accurate predictions.They then identified “a series of alternative harvesting experiments… each of which would be reasonably certain to discriminate between the alternative models…” The development of these alternative models and harvesting methods has been invaluable in assessing the sustainability of the world's fisheries. <mask>’s research “aims to identify how to best manage fisheries to provide sustainable benefits to human society. This involves a combination of building data bases on how fisheries are managed and measures of their performance.” He has contributed extensively to The Ram Legacy database which “provides estimates of status indicators such as biomass, fishing mortality rates, and associated reference points, and is the most quantitatively robust source of fishery status available.” <mask>'s efforts attempt to strike a balance between resource sustainability for the environment and food and nutrition security for human beings. When it comes to large scale management of fisheries, he contends that there is “no single solution, and what is appropriate for one community for a specific species may be totally different for another species or community” According to <mask>, successful management strategies involve a combination of limiting access to fisheries, maintaining biological productivity and the cooperation of all stakeholders involved. Controversy
In 2016 in a publicly posted 8-page letter to the President of the University of Washington, Greenpeace USA accused Dr. <mask> of conflict of interest in the conduct of his research about the effects of fishing on the health of fish populations. Greenpeace alleged that undisclosed research and consulting funding provided to Dr. <mask> from the seafood industry had influenced his research. <mask> denied the charges and was cleared after formal investigation by the University of Washington.In October 2017 the NOAA Assistant Administrator for Fisheries wrote an open letter to the journal Marine Policy  about a published paper co-authored by Tony J. Pitcher which suggested the U.S. exports to Japan a significant amount of seafood products from illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing (IUU). The NOAA letter said it "strongly objects to the authors’ claims regarding U.S. seafood exports to Japan and doubts the validity of the methodology used to make such estimates." In January 2019 it was reported that Marine Policy had retracted the study, and the article was formally retracted by the editor of Marine Policy in September 2019. The following month a revised version of the article was published in the same journal. In the same issue <mask> et al. contested the credibility of the estimates in the revised paper, on the grounds that, "their estimates are not substantiated by any known facts from the fishery". Pitcher et al.countered by saying that instead of relying solely on public information supplied by the fishery, they had used "necessarily confidential sources (over 120 interviews) [which described] the procedures being used in laundering 27 IUU fish products". Publications

 Hilborn, <mask> (2016) Of mice, fishermen, and food", ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil, p.fsw099. Hilborn, <mask> (2006) "Fisheries success and failure: The case of the Bristol Bay salmon fishery" Bulletin of marine Science, 78(3): 487–498. Hilborn, <mask> (2006) "Faith-based Fisheries" Fisheries, 31(11):554-555. Hilborn, <mask> (2007) "Moving to sustainability by learning from successful fisheries" Ambio, 36(4): 296-303. Ludwig D, Hilborn R and Walters C (1993) "Uncertainty, Resource Exploitation, and Conservation: Lessons from History" Science, 260(2):17. Hilborn, <mask> (2006) "Defining success in fisheries and conflicts in objectives" Marine Policy, 31(2) 153–158.Prince J and Hilborn R (2003) "The Development of Industry Based Sustainability" Surveys for the Californian Sea Urchin Fishery Advisory Committee. <mask>, <mask> "Research in fisheries management: who decides, who pays, and how much" Advice to a commission. <mask> R, Stokes K, Maguire JJ, Smith T, Botsford LW, Mangel M, Orensanz J, Parma A, Rice J, Bell J, Cochrane KL, Garcia S, Hall SJ, Kirkwood GP, Sainsbury K, Stefansson G and Walters C (2004) "When can marine reserves improve fisheries management?" Ocean and Coastal Management, 47:  197–205. Full list of publications

Notes

References
 Areas of research

External links
 Greenpeace files complaint about UW fishery professor : "A Greenpeace investigation shows that a prominent American fisheries scientist took millions of dollars in funding from fishing industry groups without publicly disclosing it." Six thoughts about Greenpeace’s attack on <mask>: "Both the University of Washington and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences have reviewed Greenpeace’s claims and concluded that Hilborn did not violate their disclosure policy."

. Canadian marine biologists
Living people
Fisheries scientists
1947 births
20th-century Canadian zoologists

masks:
Ray Hilborn
Ray Hilborn
Hilborn
Urike Hilborn
Hilborn
Hilborn
Hilborn
Hilborn
Hilborn
Hilborn
Ray Hiborn
Ray
Ray
Ray
Ray
Ray
Hilborn
Ray
Hilborn
Ray Hilborn


text_chunks:
<mask> (born 25 November 1953) is an English football manager and former player. <mask> has previously managed Darlington, Leicester City, Aston Villa, Stoke City, West Bromwich Albion, Hull City, Tranmere Rovers, Wrexham, and Jersey. As a player, he was a versatile forward who spent his entire playing career at Aston Villa. He made one appearance at International level for England as a substitute against Wales in 1975. Playing career
On leaving school in May 1969, <mask> signed for Aston Villa who would be relegated to the Third Division for the first and only time in their history in the following season. He played a full season for the Aston Villa Youth side and subsequently made his senior debut on 30 October 1971, in a 4–1 win over Blackburn Rovers in the Third Division at Villa Park. He only made two senior appearances that season but was a key player in Villa's FA Youth Cup winning side of 1972.By 1973–74, with Villa in the Second Division, he was a regular first team player. He made 247 appearances for the club and scored 60 goals, and made one full international appearance for England in 1975. He was part of Villa's League Cup winning teams of 1975 and 1977, scoring two goals in the second replay victory over Everton in the latter final, as well as helping the club climb from the Third to First Division in the early part of the decade, scoring 20 league goals in the 1974–75 season when they were runners-up and clinched promotion to the First Division. His playing career came to a halt in 1980 when he retired at the age of 26 due to a knee injury. The injury was discovered when <mask> was undergoing a medical at Villa's local rivals Birmingham City. This meant his intended transfer there was cancelled. He was a flamboyant forward who formed a particularly prolific partnership with Andy Gray.<mask> is regarded as an all-time great at Villa Park, and in 2007 he was named as one of the 12 founder members of the Aston Villa Hall of Fame. Coaching and managerial career
Although his playing career was over, <mask> remained on the Aston Villa payroll as youth team coach. When manager Tony Barton was sacked in the summer of 1984, <mask>'s contract was also terminated and he became first-team coach of Wolverhampton Wanderers. Wolverhampton Wanderers
<mask> was appointed caretaker manager of Wolverhampton Wanderers on 31 August 1986 as successor to Sammy Chapman. His appointment came at the end of the blackest spell in the club's history, when three successive relegations had dragged them from the First Division to the Fourth. He oversaw a steady start to the 1986–87 season before Graham Turner was appointed manager 36 days later. Middlesbrough
Shortly after leaving Wolverhampton, <mask> was recruited as a first team coach by Middlesbrough manager Bruce Rioch.Like Wolves, Middlesbrough were a financially troubled club and had narrowly escaped bankruptcy. <mask> was an important part of the club's coaching staff as Middlesbrough's form improved, and with two successive promotions they were in the First Division for the 1988–89 season. The season ended in relegation for Middlesbrough but in February <mask> left the Ayresome Park coaching staff and became manager of Darlington. Darlington
Darlington were bottom of the Football League in the Fourth Division. He was unable to prevent them from getting relegated to the Conference National but they were promoted back into the League at the first time of asking. 1990–91 brought more success for <mask> and Darlington as they won the Fourth Division championship. Leicester City
By this time, bigger clubs were taking an interest in the 37-year-old <mask> and in June 1991 Leicester City appointed <mask> as their replacement for Gordon Lee.The Foxes had just avoided relegation to the Third Division for the first time in their history and <mask> was seen as the right man to turn the club's fortunes around. At the end of 1991–92, Leicester came fourth in the Second Division and qualified for the promotion playoffs, the winners securing a place in the new Premier League. They overcame Cambridge United in the semi-finals and were drawn with Blackburn Rovers in the final. But their promotion hopes were dashed when Blackburn striker Mike Newell, a former Leicester player, scored a penalty which took the Lancashire side into the new league. At the end of the 1992–93 season, Leicester qualified for the playoffs again in the new Division One. They overcame Portsmouth in the semi-finals but in the final were 3–0 down shortly after half-time to Swindon Town. They fought back to bring the scoreline to 3–3, however Swindon scored a controversial late fourth goal from the penalty spot to progress to the Premier League.In 1993–94, however, Leicester won their third consecutive play-offs with a 2–1 win in the final against East Midlands rivals Derby County. In November 1994 <mask> returned to Aston Villa to replace Ron Atkinson. Leicester's first Premier League season was a difficult one and they were relegated in second from bottom place, with just six league wins all season. Earlier in the year, former Middlesbrough youth coach <mask> had been linked with a return to the Teesside club as manager following the departure of Lennie Lawrence, but the job went to Bryan Robson instead. Aston Villa
Eighteen months earlier, Aston Villa had finished runners-up in the first Premier League. When <mask> arrived they were at the foot of the division. A 1–1 draw with relegated Norwich City on the last day of the season meant that <mask> was successful in his bid to keep Villa in the Premiership.Under <mask>, young players like Mark Bosnich and Ugo Ehiogu were now getting more first team chances, but Villa also made a large number of new signings between November 1994 and August 1995, including Gary Charles, Ian Taylor, Mark Draper and Savo Milošević. The new look Villa team gelled well, and 1995–96 was a successful season at Villa Park. The club finished fourth in the Premiership, reached the FA Cup semi-finals and won the Football League Cup with a 3–0 win over Leeds United at Wembley. Trinidad and Tobago striker Dwight Yorke had now firmly established himself as a potent goalscorer. Villa qualified for the 1996–97 UEFA Cup and although they were knocked out at the first stage by Swedish side Helsingborg, they qualified for the 1997–98 competition after finishing fifth in the Premiership. In February 1998, <mask> resigned after just over three years as Aston Villa manager, with the club in the bottom half of the Premiership, the club's next manager John Gregory turning results around. They finished the season high enough for a UEFA Cup place.Stoke City
<mask> was appointed manager of Stoke City in May 1998 and his appointment was met with approval from the club's supporters. Stoke in 1997–98 had moved from the Victoria Ground to the new all-seater Britannia Stadium but poor performances led to the side being relegated to the Second Division. <mask> arrived with the only objective was to gain an instant return to the First Division in 1998–99. Stoke began the season in fine form winning 14 of their first 20 matches and they sat well on top of the division. However their form completely fell away after Christmas and won just seven matches from the remaining 26 and ended up finishing in 8th position. One of those defeats was a 2–0 loss against nine-men Millwall, which <mask> described as "the worst result in my twelve years in management". In July 1999 <mask> resigned and stated: "I have tried my best and the disappointment is very hard to take.I hope the supporters understand that it's best that I leave". West Bromwich Albion
Before the 1999–2000 season was under-way, <mask> was back in employment as manager of West Bromwich Albion. The club were languishing in Division One and had been outside the top division since 1986, but <mask> was unable to revive Albion's fortunes. In January 2000 the promising Italian midfielder Enzo Maresca was transferred to Juventus for £4 million as Albion battled against relegation. <mask> was sacked in March 2000 after just eight months in charge and replaced by Gary Megson. Hull City
In April 2000, just one month after leaving the Hawthorns, <mask> was appointed manager of Division Three strugglers Hull City. The Tigers were hit by huge debts and were locked out of Boothferry Park for one game by the landlord, former tennis player David Lloyd.By the end of the 2000–01 season, Hull had been saved from closure by new owner Adam Pearson, and the club's future looked brighter. They reached the Division Three playoffs, but lost to Leyton Orient in the semi-finals. In autumn 2001, following the dismissal of manager Peter Taylor, media reports suggested that <mask> was going to be approached by Leicester City about a possible second spell as manager, but the job went to Dave Bassett instead. By February 2002 Hull City looked well on course for automatic promotion from Division Three. But <mask> unexpectedly announced his resignation from the club, and under his successor Jan Mølby, the club's fortunes slipped dramatically and they could not even finish high enough for a play-off place. Tranmere Rovers
In October 2003, <mask> made a return to football management with Tranmere Rovers, who were in Division Two. His first season with the Merseyside club was a success.When he took over they were battling against relegation. But by the end of the season they had climbed up to eighth place and had reached the quarter finals of the FA Cup. He won the Second Division manager of the month award for April 2004. In his first full season as manager, he guided Tranmere to a third-place finish in League One but they lost in the playoffs to miss out on promotion. Tranmere began 2005–06 as League One promotion favourites, but at the turn of 2006 they were facing a relegation battle. The club only avoided relegation with one game to go and, due to the club's poor finishing position in League One, he left the club by mutual consent on 5 May 2006. Wrexham
Out-of-work <mask> was linked with a return to management with both Gillingham and Port Vale.However, in November 2007, <mask> took the reins at Wrexham, replacing <mask>. With five games remaining in the season the club were in the relegation zone, seven points off safety. They were relegated to the Conference on 22 April 2008 after a 2–0 loss at Hereford United. However, <mask> signed a two-year contract, promising to revive the club's fortunes. The 2007–08 season started well, with a 5–0 home victory against Stevenage Borough, the title favourites in the eyes of the bookies. however, a run of poor results followed, with Wrexham being left in the mid-table battle, only four points above the relegation zone and only keeping two clean sheets all season. Following a 3–0 home defeat against Rushden & Diamonds, <mask> left Wrexham by mutual consent.Gainsborough Trinity
On 28 August 2009, <mask> was appointed manager of Conference North side Gainsborough Trinity. The club had moved to appoint him following the recent dismissal of manager Steve Charles and the resignation of his coaching staff which included formerly appointed caretaker managers Dave Reeves and Steve Blatherwick. However, <mask> would not take charge of the club's away fixture the following day against Farsley Celtic after it was announced he would not take over from player/caretaker manager Adie Moses until 7 September. <mask> began building a squad of professionals at Trinity, picking up many players from the Football League and other ex-League players from the Conference National, but despite boasting a large squad of experienced players Trinity narrowly avoided relegation to the Northern Premier League during the 2010–11 season. On 22 August 2011 following one win and two defeats in the opening weeks of the 2011–12 season, <mask> was sacked as manager of Trinity with Steve Housham taking over as caretaker manager. <mask> was appointed as the Jersey FA's Director of Football in November 2014, overseeing the work of first team manager Jimmy Reilly. Reilly went on to lead the islanders to their first Muratti Vase Final victory in four years the following May.Months later, Jersey announced their intention to join UEFA, and when Reilly stepped aside in early 2016 <mask> was appointed to replace him. <mask> won the Muratti in May 2016, but stepped down as manager the following month and reverted to his position as Director of Football; allowing him to concentrate on his commitments at Aston Villa. Career statistics

Club
Source:

International
Source:

Managerial statistics

Honours

As a player
Aston Villa
Football League Third Division: 1971–72
Football League Cup: 1974–75, 1976–77

As a manager
Darlington
Football Conference: 1989–90
Football League Fourth Division: 1990–91

Leicester City
Football League First Division play-offs: 1994

Aston Villa
Football League Cup: 1995–96

Individual
Premier League Manager of the Month: January 1995

References

External links

1953 births
Association football forwards
Aston Villa F.C. managers
Aston Villa F.C. players
Darlington F.C. managers
England international footballers
English football managers
English footballers
National League (English football) managers
English Football League managers
English Football League players
Gainsborough Trinity F.C. managers
Hull City A.F.C.managers
Leicester City F.C. managers
Living people
Premier League managers
Footballers from Newcastle upon Tyne
Stoke City F.C. managers
Tranmere Rovers F.C. managers
West Bromwich Albion F.C. managers
Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. managers
Wrexham A.F.C. managers

masks:
Brian Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Brian Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Brian Carey
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Little
Jersey Little
Little
Little


text_chunks:
<mask> (born September 19, 1965) is an American politician and businessman. He has served as the junior United States senator for South Carolina since 2013. A Republican, <mask> was appointed to the U.S. Senate by Governor Nikki Haley in 2013. He retained his seat after winning a special election in 2014 and was elected to a full term in 2016. In 2010, <mask> was elected to the United States House of Representatives for , where he served from 2011 to 2013. <mask> served one term (from 2009 to 2011) in the South Carolina General Assembly and served on the Charleston County council from 1996 to 2008. <mask> is one of eleven African-Americans to have served in the U.S. Senate, and the first to serve in both chambers of Congress.He is the seventh African-American to have been elected to the Senate and the fourth from the Republican Party. He is the first African-American senator from South Carolina, the first African-American senator to be elected from the Southern United States since 1881 (four years after the end of Reconstruction), and the first African-American Republican to serve in the U.S. Senate since Edward Brooke departed in 1979. Early life and education
<mask> was born in North Charleston, South Carolina, a son of Frances (a nursing assistant) and <mask> Sr. His parents divorced when he was 7. He grew up in working-class poverty with his mother working 16-hour days to support her family. His older brother is a sergeant major in the U.S. Army. <mask> graduated from R.B. Stall High School.He attended Presbyterian College from 1983 to 1984, on a partial football scholarship; he graduated from Charleston Southern University in 1988 with a Bachelor of Science degree in political science. <mask> is an alumnus of South Carolina's Palmetto Boys State program, an experience he cites as influential in his decision to enter public service. Career
<mask>, who owns an insurance agency, <mask> Scott Allstate, worked as a financial adviser. Charleston County Council (1995–2009)

Elections
<mask> ran in a February 1995 special election for the Charleston County Council at-large seat vacated by Keith Summey, who resigned after he was elected mayor of North Charleston. <mask> won the seat as a Republican, receiving nearly 80% of the vote in the white-majority district. He became the first black Republican elected to any office in South Carolina since the late 19th century. In 1996, <mask> challenged Democratic State Senator Robert Ford in South Carolina's 42nd Senate district, but lost 65%–35%.<mask> was reelected to the County Council in 2000, again winning in white-majority districts. In 2004, he was reelected again with 61% of the vote, defeating Democrat Elliot Summey (son of Mayor Keith Summey). Tenure
<mask> served on the council from 1995 until 2008, becoming chairman in 2007. In 1997, he supported posting the Ten Commandments outside the council chambers, saying it would remind members of the absolute rules they should follow. The county council unanimously approved the display, and <mask> nailed a King James version of the Commandments to the wall. Shortly thereafter, the ACLU and Americans United for Separation of Church and State challenged this in a federal suit. After an initial court ruling that the display was unconstitutional, the council settled out of court to avoid accruing more legal fees.Of the costs of the suit, <mask> said, "Whatever it costs in the pursuit of this goal is worth it." In January 2001, the U.S. Department of Justice sued Charleston County, South Carolina for racial discrimination under the Voting Rights Act, because its council seats were based on at-large districts. DOJ had attempted to negotiate with county officials on this issue in November 2000. Justice officials noted that at-large seats dilute the voting strength of the significant African-American minority in the county, who in 2000 made up 34.5% of the population. They had been unable to elect any "candidates of their choice" for years. Whites or European Americans made up 61.9% of the county population. County officials noted that the majority of voters in 1989 had approved electing members by at-large seats in a popular referendum.<mask>, the only African-American member of the county council, said of this case and the alternative of electing council members from single-member districts:

I don't like the idea of segregating everyone into smaller districts. Besides, the Justice Department assumes that the only way for African-Americans to have representation is to elect an African-American, and the same for whites. Obviously, my constituents don't think that's true. The Department of Justice alleged that the issue was not a question of ethnicity, stating that voters in black precincts in the county had rejected <mask> as a candidate for the council. The lawsuit noted that because of the white majority, "white bloc voting usually results in the defeat of candidates who are preferred by black voters." The Department added that blacks live in compact areas of the county, and could be a majority in three districts if the county seats were apportioned as nine single-member districts. The Department of Justice won the case.A new districting plan replaced the at-large method of electing the Charleston City Council. The federal court found that the former method violated the Voting Rights Act, following a lawsuit brought by the Justice Department. Committee assignments
 Economic Development Committee (Chair)

South Carolina House of Representatives (2009–2011)

Elections
In 2008, incumbent Republican State Representative Tom Dantzler decided to retire. With support from advisors such as Nicolas Muzin, <mask> ran for his seat in District 117 of the South Carolina House of Representatives and won the Republican primary with 53% of the vote, defeating Bill Crosby and Wheeler Tillman. He won the general election unopposed, becoming the first Republican African American State Representative in South Carolina in more than 100 years. Tenure
<mask> supported South Carolina's right-to-work laws and argued that Boeing chose South Carolina as a site for manufacturing for that reason. In South Carolina Club for Growth's 2009–10 scorecard, <mask> earned a B and a score of 80 out of 100.The South Carolina Association of Taxpayers praised his "diligent, principled and courageous stands against higher taxes." Committee assignments

 Judiciary
 Labor, Commerce and Industry
 Ways and Means

United States House of Representatives (2011–2013)

Elections

2010

<mask> entered the election for lieutenant governor but switched to run for South Carolina's 1st congressional district after Republican incumbent Henry Brown announced his retirement. The 1st district is based in Charleston, and includes approximately the northern 3/4 of the state's coastline (except for Beaufort and Hilton Head Island, which were included in the 2nd District after redistricting). <mask> finished first in the nine-candidate June 8 Republican primary, receiving a plurality of 32% of the vote. Fellow Charleston County Councilman Paul Thurmond was second with 16%. Carroll A. Campbell III, the son of former Governor Carroll A. Campbell Jr., was third with 14%. Charleston County School Board member Larry Kobrovsky ranked fourth with 11%.Five other candidates had single-digit percentages. A runoff was held on June 22 between <mask> and Thurmond. <mask> was endorsed by the Club for Growth, various Tea Party movement groups, former Alaska Governor and Vice Presidential nominee Sarah Palin, Republican House Whip Eric Cantor, former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee, and South Carolina Senator and Minuteman Project founder Jim DeMint. He defeated Thurmond 68%–32% and won every county in the district. According to the Associated Press, <mask> "swamped his opponents in fundraising, spending almost $725,000 during the election cycle to less than $20,000 for his November opponents". He won the general election against Democratic nominee Ben Frasier 65%–29%. With this election, <mask> and Allen West of Florida became the first African-American Republicans in Congress since J. C. Watts retired in 2003.<mask> also became the first African-American Republican elected to Congress from South Carolina in 114 years. 2012

<mask> was unopposed in the primary and won the general election against Democratic nominee Bobbie Rose, 62%–36%. Tenure

<mask> declined to join the Congressional Black Caucus. In March 2011, <mask> co-sponsored a welfare reform bill that would deny food stamps to families whose incomes declined to the point of eligibility because a family member was participating in a labor strike. He introduced legislation in July 2011 to strip the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) of its power to prohibit employers from relocating to punish workers who join unions or strike. The rationale for the legislation is that government agencies should not be able to tell private employers where they can run a business. <mask> described the legislation as a commonsense proposal that would fix a flaw in federal labor policy and benefit the national and local economies.The NLRB had recently opposed the relocation of a Boeing production facility from Washington state to South Carolina. <mask> successfully advocated for federal funds for a Charleston harbor dredging project estimated at $300 million, stating that the project was neither an earmark nor an example of wasteful government spending. He said the project was merit-based and in the national interest because larger cargo ships could use the port and jobs would be created. During the summer 2011 debate over raising the U.S. debt ceiling, <mask> supported the inclusion of a balanced-budget Constitutional amendment in the debt ceiling bill, and opposed legislation that did not include the amendment. Before voting against the final bill to raise the debt ceiling, <mask> and other first-term conservatives prayed for guidance in a congressional chapel. Afterward, he said he had received divine inspiration for his vote, and joined the rest of the South Carolina congressional delegation in voting No. Committee assignments
The House Republican Steering Committee appointed <mask> to the Committee on Transportation and the Committee on Small Business.He was later appointed to the Committee on Rules and relinquished his other two assignments. Committee on Rules
 Subcommittee on Rules and the Organization of the House

U.S. Senate (2013–present)

2012 appointment
On December 17, 2012, South Carolina governor Nikki Haley announced she would appoint <mask> to replace retiring Senator Jim DeMint, who had previously announced that he would retire from the Senate to become the President of The Heritage Foundation. <mask> is the first African American U.S. senator from South Carolina. He was one of three black U.S. Senators in the 113th Congress, alongside Mo Cowan and later Cory Booker (and the first since Roland Burris retired in 2010 after succeeding Barack Obama). He is the first African American to be a U.S. senator from the Southern United States since Reconstruction. During two periods, first from January 2, 2013, until February 1, 2013, and again from July 16, 2013, until October 31, 2013, <mask> was the only African-American senator.He and Cowan were the first black senators to serve alongside each other. News media reported that <mask>, Representative Trey Gowdy, former South Carolina Attorney General Henry McMaster, former First Lady of South Carolina Jenny Sanford, and South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control Director Catherine Templeton were on Haley's short list to replace DeMint. Of choosing <mask>, Haley said, "It is important to me, as a minority female, that Congressman <mask> earned this seat, he earned this seat for the person that he is. He earned this seat with the results he has shown."

masks:
Timothy Eugene Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Ben Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Tim
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott
Scott