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<mask> (October 7, 1938 – January 16, 2014) was an American retailer, artist, editor, and publisher, who became a key figure in the underground comix movement of the 1960s and 1970s. As owner of one of America's first comic book stores, the San Francisco Comic Book Company, located in San Francisco's Mission District, Arlington's establishment became a focal point for the Bay Area's underground artists. He published comics under the name San Francisco Comic Book Company, as well as publishing and distributing comics under the name Eric Fromm (not connected to the German critical theorist). Cartoonist Robert Crumb has noted, "<mask> made a cultural contribution in San Francisco in the late 1960s, through the '70s, '80s & '90s that was more significant than he realizes." Biography

Early life
Julian Guthrie, in the San Francisco Chronicle, described the youthful Arlington's art interests:
The fascination with comic books began when <mask> was six years old. His father, who worked at a lumberyard in Hayward, stopped at a store on Fruitvale Avenue in Oakland and bought ten comic books. There were funny-looking animals, men who looked like melting monsters, and women who were distressed and barely dressed."I remember the funny animals," he said. "And I remember my mother taking me to a theater where I saw an animated Superman. My mother was really good to me." San Francisco Comic Book Company

In 1968, <mask> was down on his luck, penniless and essentially homeless. The closure of his parents' house forced him to sell his extensive personal comics collection, which included many rare comics from the era's Golden Age as well as a trove of EC Comics. <mask> opened the San Francisco Comic Book Company, located in San Francisco's Mission District at 3339 23rd Street, in April that year. It soon became a focal point for the Bay Area's underground artists.(The Bay Area itself was a Mecca for underground cartoonists from all over the country.) Lambiek's Comiclopedia offers this description of the artistic avenues provided by Arlington:

Arlington also published some important early underground titles, including the first two issues of Robert Crumb's Mr. Natural. He published a number of experimental minicomics by Art Spiegelman. Arlington was particularly devoted to the underground anthology San Francisco Comic Book, which featured the work of many of the region's top talents, including Bill Griffith, Robert Crumb, Kim Deitch, Justin Green, Rory Hayes, Willy Murphy, Jim Osborne, Trina Robbins, and Spain Rodriguez. <mask> published the first issue himself and the next two with the assistance of fellow Bay Area publisher the Print Mint. <mask> edited all seven issues of San Francisco Comic Book (the final issue appearing in 1983) even when the title was taken over by Print Mint and later Last Gasp. As the San Francisco Comic Book Company, Arlington published comics sporadically from 1968 to 1972 and photocopied minicomics from 1970 to c. 1980.One of his last publishing projects (published under the Eric Fromm brand) was Nickel Library, a weekly series of single-page homages to EC Comics by an ever-changing list of contributors from underground comix and the mainstream. 64 pages were produced by 1973 before former EC publisher William M. Gaines sent <mask> a cease-and-desist letter and he was forced to give it up. Comix creators published by Arlington included Crumb, Spiegelman, Joel Beck, Roger Brand, John Burnham, Melinda Gebbie, Justin Green, Rory Hayes, Hank Kingfish, Chris Mettz, Larry Rippee, Dori Seda, Barry Siegel, Bruce Simon, Spain, Ron Turner, and S. Clay Wilson. Arlington closed his store in 2002. Later life
Arlington lived in an apartment at 225 Berry Street in San Francisco before moving to the Mission Creek Senior Community apartment complex for low-income or disabled seniors. Death
On January 17, 2014, <mask>'s death was announced on the San Francisco Bay Guardian Online website. He was 75 years old and died "from complications of diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and [a previously] crushed leg.Ron Turner, founder of Last Gasp Press, talked about his death, his ailing health, and how "The comic community will remember <mask> as founding one of the first comic book stores in America, on 23rd st. in the Mission." Books and exhibitions

Arlington's art was exhibited in Art Almighty, a group exhibition at the 111 Minna Gallery, San Francisco, in March–April 2011. Arlington's artwork was collected in the book I Am Not of This Planet: The Art of <mask> <mask>, published by Last Gasp in 2011. Titles published

Comics
 All Stars #2 (1970) — taking over from All Stars #1 (1965, Golden Gates Features); copyright by Marty Arbunich/Bill DuBay
 Bogeyman Comics (2 issues; Fall 1968–1969) — Rory Hayes
 Ebon (January 1970) — Larry Fuller; considered by many to be the first comic book title to star a black superhero (Marvel's Black Panther predating Ebon but not having his own title)
 Hee Hee (1970) — anthology published in conjunction with Company & Sons
 Man from Utopia (1972) — Rick Griffin
 Moonchild Comics #2 (1969) — Nicola Cuti
 Mr. Natural (2 issues; Aug. 1970–Oct. 1971) — Robert Crumb; series later continued by Kitchen Sink Press
 Ric Sloane Comics (1969?) — R. K. Sloane
 San Francisco Comic Book #1 (1970) — series continued by Print Mint; contributors include Rory Hayes, Willy Murphy, Larry Welz, Jack Jackson, Jim Osborne, Robert Crumb, Ric Sloane, S. Clay Wilson, Dan O'Neill, Leonard Rifas, Dave Sheridan, Spain Rodriguez, Mervinius, Rick Griffin, Robert Dougherty
 Thrilling Murder Comics (1971) — contributors include Simon Deitch, Greg Irons, Jim Osborne, S. Clay Wilson, Bill Griffith, Robert Crumb, Kim Deitch, and Spain Rodriguez

Zines and minicomics
 Armpit of Fear (1972) — Scott Shaw
 Attic Sentinel Prometheus Bound Over (1972) — David Lee Anderson & Nancy Senauke
 Awake! (1972)
 Buck Boy (1976) — Rory Hayes?Cholo (1980) — Roger Brand
 Coching Komiks (1976) — Manuel Auad, Danny Bulanadi
 The Compleat Mister Infinity (1970) — minicomic by Art Spiegelman
 Eric Fromm's Comics and Stories (1973) — Leslie Cabarga, Larry Rippee, Trina Robbins
 First Empire Funnies (c. 1973) — Pat Daley ("Kleine Reich Funnies")
 Jam-Jar! (1972) — Larry Bigman, Scott Shaw, David Gibson, John Pound, Roger Freedman, Phil Yeh
 Modern Medical Romances (1972) — 8-p. minicomic by Leslie Cabarga
 No Matter How Thin You Slice It It's Still Baloney! (1972) — minicomic by Larry Rippee
 Nickel Library (1972–1973) — original contributions from Alex Toth, Arnold Roth, Bill Edwards, Bill Griffith, Bill Plimpton, C. C. Beck, Charles Dallas, Cliff Sterrett, Dave Geiser, Disney Studios, Don Towlley, Frank Frazetta, George, Harrison Cady, Harvey Kurtzman, Jack Davis, Jaxon, Jack Kirby, Jay Kinney, Jim Chase, Jim Osborne, Justin Green, Kim Deitch, Larry Todd, Michele Brand, Murphy Anderson, Reed Crandall, Rick Griffin, Robert Crumb, Roger Brand, Rory Hayes, Simon Deitch, Wallace Wood, Will Eisner, Winsor McCay
 Plain Talk (1972) — Leslie Carbaga
 Reefer Madness (1972) — by "Steve Mad" (Stephen Madaio)
 Sally Star Hollywood Gal Sleuth (1972) — Trina Robbins
 Self Destruct: Bulletin of the Suicide Liberation Front (1973?) — Art Spiegelman and Bill Griffith
 Stoned Picture Parade (1975) — random collection of drawing & cartoons by Robert Crumb, Becky Wilson, Spain Rodriguez, Edna Jundis, Will Eisner, Rick Griffin, S. Clay Wilson, and Rory Hayes
 Zip•a•Tunes and Moire Melodies (1972) — Art Spiegelman

References

External links
Last Gasp: <mask> Arlington
Deitch, Kim. "A Lousy Week for Woods"

American publishers (people)
Underground cartoonists
1938 births
2014 deaths
Artists from San Francisco
Comics retailers
Businesspeople from the San Francisco Bay Area

masks:
Gary Edson Arlington
Gary
Arlington
Arlington
Arlington
Arlington
Arlington
Arlington
Arlington
Gary
Gary Edson
Arlington
Gary


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<mask> (born June 14, 1974) is an American singer-songwriter. He has recorded nine studio albums, and his songs have been used in a number of films and TV series. His most successful album, Simple Times, was released in 2008. Beginnings
<mask> was born and raised in Shaker Heights, Ohio, United States, to a Jewish family of Polish, German, Austrian, and Russian background. He studied drawing and painting at Northwestern University, following his college years with stints as an art teacher, screenwriter, and art gallery employee. Radin turned to music when he moved to New York City, his father bought him a guitar, and he taught himself to play and write music. In 2004, American actor Zach Braff, a friend of <mask> since their days at Northwestern, introduced Radin's first composition, "Winter", to Scrubs show creator Bill Lawrence, who ultimately used several of Radin's songs in various scenes of the television series.Musical career

According to <mask> his musical career started in 2004, and he had learned to play the guitar only two years before that. His first song, "Winter", appeared on his debut album We Were Here. Since that time, <mask> has been touring the United States, as well as much of the United Kingdom and Europe. Over the course of his career, <mask> has shared stages with artists such as Sheryl Crow, Tori Amos, Imogen Heap, Meiko, Missy Higgins, Maria Taylor, Gary Jules, Amber Rubarth, Schuyler Fisk, The Script and many more. In addition to his American following, <mask> has enjoyed success with his 2008 release, Simple Times in the United Kingdom. His song "I'd Rather Be With You" reached No. 11 on the UK Singles Chart and number two on the US Top Digital Chart.We Were Here (2006)

<mask> has said that much of the album was inspired by a bad break-up. It was released exclusively to iTunes for a month, before attracting attention from major labels. Released on Columbia Records in May 2006, We Were Here presented the first batch of songs <mask> ever wrote. The album drew critical acclaim and received a four-star review from Rolling Stone, who praised it for <mask>'s "whispery, silver-bell voice" and its themes, calling them "poignant and refreshingly frank." The record hit number one on the iTunes Folk Album Chart and included a number of well known musicians, including Ryan Adams who played guitar on the song "Lovely Tonight". Zach Braff hand-picked one of the tracks to be featured on the soundtrack for The Last Kiss. <mask> played the song "Today" from the album, along with five other songs, for Ellen DeGeneres and Portia de Rossi at their August 16, 2008, wedding.Simple Times (2008)
<mask>'s second album, Simple Times went straight to No. 1 on the iTunes overall chart upon its release. Radin enlisted highly regarded producer Rob Schnapf (Elliott Smith, Beck). The two spent seven weeks recording at L.A.'s legendary Sunset Sound Studio working with a cast of musicians that included guitarist Greg Leisz, bassist Johnny Flaugher, keyboardist Jason Borger, drummer Victor Indrizzo and percussionist Lenny Castro. Among the album's many highlights are "You Got Growin' Up To Do", featuring guest vocalist Patty Griffin, lead single "I'd Rather Be with You" and "Brand New Day". Tracks from the album were featured on TV shows such as Bones, Scrubs, House, Grey's Anatomy, One Tree Hill, Life Unexpected, 90210, Brothers and Sisters, American Idol and Australian hit series Packed to the Rafters among others. Radin's "Simple Times" was released on Mom + Pop Music.The Rock and The Tide (2010)
<mask>'s third studio album, The Rock and The Tide was released on October 12, 2010 on Mom + Pop Music, his second release with the label. The album reached number five on the iTunes albums chart upon its release. The Rock and The Tide was produced by Martin Terefe (Cat Stevens, Ron Sexmith). A later EP released in 2011 used 6 of the album's tacks recorded in an acoustic session. Underwater (2012)
On September 4, 2012, <mask> released his fourth studio album, Underwater. The album was <mask>'s third release with Mom + Pop Music. Radin wrote songs with Janet Devlin in the Autumn of 2012 for her debut album.Wax Wings (2013)
<mask>'s fifth studio album Wax Wings was released May 7, 2013. Wax Wings, a self-released album, has eleven tracks. Included on the album is the song "Lovely Tonight", which had been previously released on iTunes as a single. The tracks "In Her Eyes" and "Stay" were produced by Matt Noveskey. Onward and Sideways (2015)
<mask>'s released a sixth studio album on January 6, 2015. The album consisted of 13 tracks, one of which was a re-release of the Wax Wings track "Beautiful Day" recorded with Sheryl Crow. The Fall (2017)

Radin released a self-produced album titled The Fall on January 27, 2017 through Cadence Music.Here, Right Now (2019)
<mask>'s eighth studio album, Here, Right Now, was released on October 4, 2019 through Nettwerk Music Group. It was his first album with Nettwerk. Here, Right Now features a cover of Tom Petty's I Won't Back Down. The Ghost and The Wall (2021)
<mask>'s ninth full-length album, The Ghost and The Wall, was released on July 23, 2021. <mask> wrote The Ghost and The Wall at his home in Los Angeles in 2020, in isolation during the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic. The album was produced remotely via email and text messages with Jonathan Wilson, who also played several instruments on the album. The two musicians have never met in person.Personal life
<mask> attended Northwestern University, where he met and became friends with Zach Braff. <mask> became a favorite singer of the American TV host Ellen DeGeneres and he has appeared on several of her shows. DeGeneres invited <mask> to sing his composition "Today", a favorite song of hers, at her wedding with Portia de Rossi. <mask> also wrote the song "In Her Eyes" in celebration of his own sister's wedding. In addition to his love of music, <mask> is an avid traveler. Philanthropy
<mask> has been involved with Little Kids Rock, a national nonprofit that provides music education to schools without music programs. Radin visited schools in six cities during his 2011 tour in support of The Rock and the Tide to give guitar lessons on the song "Brand New Day", and brought some of the students on stage at his concerts to perform the song with him.He did so again in 2015 for his song "Beautiful Day". <mask> also supports the North Shore Animal League as a celebrity ambassador, donating 100% of the proceeds from his single, "Here, Right Now", to the New York based animal rescue organization. Television and movies
<mask>'s songs have been used on television series such as Designated Survivor, Scrubs, Grey's Anatomy, Brothers and Sisters, American Idol, Cougar Town, One Tree Hill, House, Shameless, among others. <mask> also made a cameo appearance in Cougar Towns 4th-season finale. As of September 2010, he had amassed more than 75 film and television placements of his songs. Discography

Studio albums

Live albums
Live from the Village (2016)

EPs
First Between 3rd and 4th (2004)
Live Session (iTunes Exclusive EP) (2006)
Unclear Sky (iTunes Exclusive EP) (2008)
Simple Times – Bonus Material (Demos) EP (2009)
Songs Under a Streetlight EP (2010)
The Rock and the Tide (Acoustic Session) EP (2011)
Covers, Vol. 1 EP (2020)

Singles

Others
2016: "Belong"(with Måns Zelmerlöw)

Compilation appearances
 His Way, Our Way (Frank Sinatra tribute album)

References

External links

Review of One of Those Days at Daily Music Guide

Video links
  <mask> – Winter, and other songs

Singer-songwriters from Ohio
21st-century American male singers
21st-century American singers
Musicians from Shaker Heights, Ohio
Living people
Northwestern University alumni
American rock songwriters
American rock singers
American acoustic guitarists
American male guitarists
American folk rock musicians
American folk guitarists
American people of German-Jewish descent
American people of Polish-Jewish descent
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
American people of Austrian-Jewish descent
1974 births
Jewish American musicians
Jewish rock musicians
Jewish folk singers
21st-century American guitarists
Guitarists from Ohio
Mom + Pop Music artists
21st-century American Jews
American male singer-songwriters

masks:
Joshua Radin
Joshua Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Joshua Radin
Joshua Radin
Radin
Joshua Radin
Radin
Joshua Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Radin
Joshua Radin


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<mask> (c. 1662 – 1726) was an English captain, Hispanist and translator. He is known for his translation of Don Quixote in 1700. <mask> was born in London, where his father was a page to Catherine of Braganza, and was educated by Benedictines at Douai, around 1675. He was bilingual, speaking Spanish from infancy, presumably with his mother. He served in the forces sent to quell Monmouth's Rebellion, and went with Henry Hyde, 2nd Earl of Clarendon to Dublin in 1685. He then through the Hyde connection became a tax official at Welshpool. Roman catholic and Jacobite, he fought in the Irish Williamite War and was at the siege of Limerick.He kept a diary of the conflict. Before 1695 <mask> had settled again in London. From that time till his death he was engaged in translations, and historical and antiquarian compilations. He was editor of the British Mercury from 1712 to 1715. He died on 27 October 1726. Works
<mask>'s first publication, an abridged translation in three volumes of Manuel de Faria y Sousa's Portuguesa Asia, appeared in 1695, with a dedication to Catharine of Braganza. In 1698 he produced a translation and continuation from 1640 of the same author's History of Portugal.His English version of Don Francisco Manuel de Mello's The Government of a Wife was issued in 1697. It was dedicated to Don Luis da Cunha, the Portuguese envoy. In the same year <mask> published a version of Quevedo's Fortune in her Wits, or the Hour of all Men. He issued in 1707 a translation of the collected comedies of Quevedo, which was republished in 1709 and in 1742. A collection of Spanish works translated and adapted by him appeared in the same year under the title of The Spanish Libertines. It consisted of Andrés Pérez de León's Justina, the Country Jilt (sometimes attributed to Francisco López de Ubeda); Celestina, the Bawd of Madrid, by Fernando de Rojas; Gonzales, the Most Arch and Comical of Scoundrels; and Juan de Ávila's comedy, An Evening's Intrigue, adapted by the translator. <mask> tried a revision of Thomas Shelton's English version of Don Quixote (second edition London, 1706, in 2 vols).It was dedicated to Sir Thomas Hanmer, and was illustrated by copperplates engraved from the Brussels edition. <mask> also translated in 1705 the so-called continuation of Don Quixote made by Alonzo Fernandez de Avellaneda, which had not before appeared in English. The version was prepared from the French of Le Sage. A rendering by <mask> of Quevedo's Pablo de Segovia the Spanish Sharper formed the basis of the Edinburgh version of 1798, and was reprinted in vol. ii of The Romancist and Novelist's Library, edited by W. C. Hazlitt, in 1841. Henry Edward Watts used it for his edition of 1892. <mask> also translated from the Spanish works of history and travel, as well as Quintana's The most Entertaining History of Hippolyto and Aminta, 2nd edit.1729. His rendering of Mariana's History of Spain appeared in 1699; and of Sandoval's History of Charles V in 1703. In 1715 he translated Texeira's Spanish version of Mírkhánd's History of Persia. His translation of Herrera's General History of the Vast Continent and Islands of America, commonly called the West Indies, issued in 6 vols. 1725–1726, and reprinted in 1740, was a free version. From Spanish authors <mask> also mainly compiled his New Collection of Voyages and Travels, published in two volumes in 1711 (it originally appeared in monthly parts), and republished in 1719. <mask> was also an antiquary.In 1718 he published anonymously a translation and abridgment of William Dugdale's Monasticon Anglicanum. In 1722 he published a continuation of the Monasticon in 2 vols., as The History of the Antient Abbeys, Monasteries, Hospitals, Cathedrals, &c., illustrated with copperplates (and with additions from Hugh Todd). As a further continuation of the Monasticon Anglicanum <mask> issued anonymously in 1722, his Monasticon Hibernicum (a translation, with additions and alterations, of Louis Augustin Alémand's Histoire Monastique d'Irlande 1690). <mask> also translated Bede's Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum. The rendering is very literal; some of the notes were used in William Hurst's version, published in 1814. <mask>'s translation formed the basis of that of <mask> Giles (1840), and of that issued in Bohn's Antiquarian Library (1847). From the French <mask> translated in 1712 for Bernard Lintot parts of "Dupin", probably Louis Ellies Dupin's Bibliothèque Universelle des Historiens; and Book iii of P. J.D'Orléans's Histoire des Révolutions en Angleterre sous la Famille des Stuarts, 1722. <mask> also compiled:
 A Brief History of Spain, 1701. The Ancient and Present State of Portugal, 1701, (based on Faria y Sousa's Europa Portuguesa). The Lives and Actions of all the Sovereigns of Bavaria, 1706. A Spanish-English and English-Spanish Dictionary, with Grammar, 1706; 1726. The Royal Treasury of England; or an Historical Account of Taxes, 1725; 2nd edit., 1733. <mask> left manuscripts, which were purchased from his widow by <mask>.Selected translations
 History of the most ingenious knight Don Quixote de la Mancha. (London: R. Chiswell, 1700). Translation from Cervantes' Don Quixote. Continuation of the comical history of the most ingenious knight, Don Quixote de la Mancha, by the licentiate Alonzo Fernandez de Avellaneda. Being a third volume; never before printed in English. Illustrated with several curious copper cuts. (London: J. Wale and J. Senex, 1705).Translation of Avellaneda's apocriphal continuation of Don Quixote. General history of Spain...written in Spanish by the R. F. F. <mask> Mariana... (London: Sare, Saunders and Bennet, 1699). Translation of the Historia General de España of Juan de Mariana, with addenda by Camargo and Varen de Soto. Fortune in her wits, or, The hour of all (London: Sare, Saunders and Bennet, 1697). Translation of La hora de todos y la Fortuna con seso of Francisco de Quevedo. Choice humorous and satirical works. Translation of satirical and humour works by Francisco de Quevedo.Pleasant history of the life and actions of Paul, the Spanish sharper, the patterns of rogues and mirror of vagabonds. Translation of Francisco de Quevedo's Buscón. The Spanish Libertines: or, the lives of Justina, the Country Jilt, Celestina, the bawd of Madrid and Estebanillo Gonzales, the most arch and comical of scoundrels (written by himself). To which is added, a play (in five acts and in prose) call'd An Evening's Adventures (by J. de Avila). All four written by eminent Spanish authors, and now first made English by Captain J. S. (London: 1707). Translation of Estebanillo González, La Pícara Justina, La Celestina, etc. History of Charles the Vth, emperor and king of Spain, the great hero of the house of Austria.Translation of the Historia del Emperador Carlos V by Fray Prudencio de Sandoval. References

Attribution

1662 births
1726 deaths
British Hispanists
English translators
Spanish–English translators
English antiquarians
Year of birth uncertain
English male non-fiction writers
Translators of Don Quixote

masks:
John Stevens
Life Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
John Allen
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
John Warburton
John de


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<mask>, Jr. (born Theodro Elliott; July 9, 1916 – July 26, 1987) was an American R&B, jazz and blues pianist and vocalist who led <mask> and his Honeydrippers in the 1940s and 1950s. His band appeared often on the Billboard magazine charts. The band's biggest hit was "The Honeydripper", released in 1945. <mask> was the older brother of R&B performer <mask>. Music career
The son of Harriett and Elijah Elliott, he was born in Seminole, Oklahoma, and took his stepfather's surname, <mask>, as a child. He apparently dropped the name Theodro and adopted the names Joseph Christopher during the 1930s. The family moved to San Diego in 1932.He graduated from Hoover High School, studied music at San Diego State College, and performed with local bands at clubs and Naval bases. He wrote arrangements on a freelance basis for Curtis Mosby’s Blue Blowers, and in 1935 <mask> joined the Creole Crusaders, which was led by the drummer Ellis Walsh. He moved to Los Angeles in 1939, where he played with Sammy Franklin's California Rhythm Rascals and other groups. When Franklin turned down a chance to record <mask>' song "The Honeydripper", <mask> decided to start his own band. The original <mask> and His Honeydrippers recordings were issued on the Exclusive Records imprint of brothers Leon and Otis René. <mask>' Honeydrippers was formed in the basement of the Los Angeles home of the saxophonist Little Willie Jackson, who co-founded the group and who, at the time of his death in 2001, was the last original surviving member of the Honeydrippers. "The Honeydripper" topped the R&B chart, then called the race chart, for 18 weeks in 1945.More than 60 years later, "The Honeydripper" remains tied with Louis Jordan's "Choo Choo Ch'Boogie" for the longest-ever stay at the top of that chart. It reportedly logged two million sales. The Honeydrippers performed for five of the famed Cavalcade of Jazz concerts all performed at Wrigley Field in Los Angeles and produced by Leon Hefflin Sr. The first Cavalcade of jazz concert was on September 23, 1945 and included Count Basie, The Peters Sisters, Slim and Bam, and <mask> to a crowd of 15,000. The second Cavalcade of Jazz concert was held October 12, 1946 and included Jack McVea, Slim Gaillard, T-Bone Walker, Lionel Hampton and his Orchestra and Louis Armstrong. The third Cavalcade of Jazz was held September 7, 1947 and included Woody Herman, The Valdḗs Orchestra, T-Bone Walker, Slim Gaillard, Johnny Otis and his Orchestra, Toni Harper, The Three Blazers, and Sarah Vaughn. The fourth Cavalcade of Jazz was held September 12, 1948 and included <mask> as Emcee, Dizzy Gillespie, Frankie Lane, Little Miss Cornshucks, The Sweethearts of Rhythm, <mask>, Jimmy Witherspoon, The Blenders and The Sensations.The seventh Cavalcade of Jazz was held July 8, 1951 and featured Billy Eckstine, Lionel Hampton, Percy Mayfield, Jimmy Witherspoon, and Roy Brown. <mask> and his Honeydrippers were on the program for more Cavalcade of Jazz concerts than any other artists. In the program description it was noted that band critics called <mask> and his Original Honeydrippers, "The Hottest Little Band in the Land." <mask> had a series of further R&B chart hits on the Exclusive label, including "Left a Good Deal in Mobile" (#2, 1945); "Got a Right to Cry" (#2, 1946); "Tanya" (#3, 1946); and "Blow Mr. Jackson" (#3, 1947). He signed with Specialty Records in 1950, where he gained more hits, including "Rag Mop" (#4, 1950), "Boom-Chick-A-Boogie", "Pink Champagne" (#1 for 13 weeks in 1950), and "Little Joe's Boogie". "Pink Champagne" also reached number 30 on the pop chart, and both "Pink Champagne" and "Got A Right To Cry" sold over one million copies and were awarded gold discs. His songs were mostly a blend of jump blues and basic R&B.With Roy Milton, he was an architect of the small-band jump blues of the first post-war decade. <mask> often toured with such acts as Jimmy Witherspoon, Amos Milburn and the jump blues shouter H-Bomb Ferguson. In March 1954, the band took part in a benefit show held at the Club 5-4 in Los Angeles for the wife of Stan Getz. In 1946, before the concept of rock music had been defined, Billboard (magazine) described the group's song "Sugar Lump" as "right ryhthmic rock and roll music". Although <mask>' success stopped in the late 1950s, he continued to perform until his death following a stroke, in Lynwood, California, at the age of 71. Dot Records:
 1031 The Honeydripper, Part 1/The Honeydripper, Part 2
 1032 I've Got a Right to Cry/Last Night Blues
 1033 Tanya/Down Home Blues ---note: these 6 sides are reissues of material originally recorded for Exclusive Records; Dot bought these masters and re-released them in 1951. 1954]

Aladdin Records:
 3368 Justina/Go Ahead [rel.1957]

Duplex Records:
 1004 House Party/Tell Me So [rel. 1964]

Original 10" shellac (78rpm) 3-disc album set
 1948 <mask> & His Honeydrippers (a self-titled release) [rec. 1945–1947] (Exclusive #EX-1004, although not listed on jacket cover); includes the following discs:
 262 Worried (instrumental) [mx# 1224]/How Come [mx# 1226]
 238 Someday Sweetheart [mx# 1086]/Yvette (instrumental) [mx# 1087]
 216 Caravan (instrumental) [mx# 1018]/You Ain't Goin' To Heaven No How [mx# 1017]

LP/CD releases/compilations of note
 1962 Honeydripper (Mercury #MG-20731/#SR-60731 [LP]) -note: re-recordings of hits. 1974 Great Rhythm & Blues Oldies, Volume 6: <mask> & The Honeydrippers (Blues Spectrum (Johnny Otis' label) #BS-106 [LP])
 1976 <mask> & Jimmy Liggins: Saturday Night Boogie Woogie Man (Sonet #SNTF-5020 [LP]) -note: one side each from <mask> and his brother Jimmy; all Specialty material. 1981 <mask> & His Honeydrippers: Darktown Strutters Ball [rec. 1945–1950] (Jukebox Lil #JB-601 [LP])
 1988 <mask> With the Original Million-Seller "The Honeydripper" [rec. 1945–1949] (Jukebox Lil #JB-622 [LP])
 1989 <mask> & The Honeydrippers (Specialty #SPCD-7006)
 1992 Dripper's Boogie: <mask> Liggins & The Honeydrippers – Vol.

masks:
Joseph Christopher Liggins
Joe Liggins
Joe Liggins
Jimmy Liggins
Liggins
Liggins
Liggins
Liggins
Joe Liggins
Joe Liggins
Joe Turner
Joe Adams
Joe Turner
Joe Liggins
Joe Liggins
Liggins
Liggins
Liggins
Joe Liggins
Joe Liggins
Joe
Joe
Joe Liggins
Joe Liggins
Joe Liggins
Joe


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<mask><mask> (born ) is an American anthropologist and palaeobiologist, known for her research into the evolution of skin color in humans. She is engaged in public education about human evolution, human diversity, and racism. In 2021, she was elected to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and in 2009, she was elected to the American Philosophical Society. She is an Evan Pugh University Professor at The Pennsylvania State University, and the author of the books Skin: A Natural History, Living Color: The Biological and Social Meaning of Skin Color, and the co-author (with Sindiwe Magona and Lynn Fellman) of Skin We Are In. Early life and education
<mask> grew up on a farm in upstate New York State. With encouragement from her parents, Jablonski began her exploration into the world of science when she was quite young. She recalls exploring the nature around her home, digging for fossils near creeks and trees.<mask>'s interest in studying human evolution stemmed from watching a National Geographic feature on the research of the famous paleoanthropologists Louis Leakey and Mary Leakey, that aired in the mid-1960s. Louis Leakey's study at Olduvai Gorge in East Africa and his focus on the hominid Zinjanthropus boisei sparked <mask>'s attention. She instantly decided that she wanted to pursue the study of human evolution, dismissing her parents' desire for her to attend medical school. Jablonski earned an A.B. degree in biology from Bryn Mawr College in 1975. In the same year, she enrolled in the PhD program in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Washington. Working under the primary supervision of paleoanthropologist Gerald Eck, she became interested in the evolution of the African Old World monkeys and completed her PhD in anthropology in 1981 with the dissertation, "Functional Analysis of the Masticatory Apparatus of Theropithecus gelada (Primates: Cercopithecidae)."She has continued to research the evolution of the Old World monkeys and other Old World primates, including tarsiers, lemurs, and chimpanzees, until the present day. She has held teaching positions at the University of Hong Kong and the University of Western Australia. During these years, Jablonski began her research on the evolution of human bipedalism and skin color. Jablonski is married to George Chaplin, a geospatial scientist, who is another professor as well as her research collaborator at Penn State University. She can write and speak fluently in Putonghua (Mandarin Chinese), and is also able to read in both Latin and German. Career
While a graduate student at the University of Washington, Jablonski conducted research at the University of Hong Kong in the Department of Anatomy. After completing her PhD, Jablonski accepted a position as lecturer in the Department of Anatomy at the University of Hong Kong.Remaining in this position from 1981 to 1990, she was able to continue her research into comparative anatomy and paleontology. She began research in cooperation with the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing in 1982 and the Kunming Institute of Zoology in 1984. Her interest in the history of the East Asian paleoenvironment and the impact of environmental change on the evolution of mammals, especially primates, was spurred by her association with paleobotanist Robert Orr Whyte and his wife Pauline Whyte. The Whytes had inaugurated a series of biannual meetings under the auspices of the Centre of Asian Studies at the University of Hong Kong that brought together prominent geologists and paleoenvironmental scientists from China and other East and Southeast Asian countries. Jablonski took over the organization of the paleoenvironmental conferences and the editing of the conference proceedings  after the deaths of the Whytes. While in Hong Kong, Jablonski assisted the Forensic Pathology Service of the Royal Hong Kong Police in the identification of numerous unknown human remains, including the refinement of the use of photographic superimposition for the positive identification of individuals. Working in collaboration with colleagues from the Faculties of Medicine and Dentistry, Jablonski created the collection of human skeletal remains at the University of Hong Kong.While still in Hong Kong, <mask> began her research collaboration with George Chaplin on the origin of bipedalism in the human lineage; this work resulted in a series of publications in the early 1990s. After her time in Hong Kong, <mask> moved to Australia with her husband, George Chaplin, where she worked in the Department of Anatomy and Human Biology at the University of Western Australia from 1990 to 1994 as a Senior Lecturer. During this period, she began research on the evolution of human skin color. This research, along with her work on the evolution of human bipedalism, constituted her first forays into the study of human evolution and human diversification. She felt that the study of such topics was valuable for researchers because it showed that basic tools of comparative and historical biology could be used to deduce what probably happened in the past. From 1994 to 2006, she held the Irvine Chair of Anthropology at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco. During this time, she was recognized as a Fellow of the California Academy of Sciences and as a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.Her responsibilities at the California Academy of Sciences included organization of the Wattis Symposia in Anthropology and publication of the edited proceedings of those symposia. Among the Wattis Symposium volumes she edited was The First Americans: The Pleistocene Colonization of the New World, which included important contributions about the nature and timing of human movements into the Americas. After leaving the California Academy of Sciences, she moved to The Pennsylvania State University, where she served as head of the Anthropology Department from 2006 to 2011. She is currently an Evan Pugh Professor of Anthropology at Penn State. <mask>'s research at Penn State has focused on the evolution of Old World monkeys, primate thermoregulation, and the evolution and meanings of human skin pigmentation. Starting in 2012, in partnership with Henry Louis Gates, Jr., host of the PBS show Finding Your Roots, she led the development of a curriculum aimed at getting younger students of color more interested in STEM. A series of PBS webisodes, "Finding Your Roots: The Seedlings" was released in 2017 and 2018 with three of the episodes earning Mid-Atlantic Emmy Awards in 2018 and 2019.Research
Jablonski researches human and primate evolution. She is known for her research into human skin, and has published two books on the subject. She researches the origin and evolution of the skin and skin pigmentation and the relationships between vitamin D requirements and metabolism in the context of human migration and urbanization. In 2012 she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship to carry out research into human vitamin D production in natural conditions with the goal of informing public health interventions addressing vitamin D deficiency. Skin color
Jablonski studies the physiological functions of skin as well as the evolutionary and sociological influences of the past and today. Early in her skin research, she published papers on the connection between neural tube defects and ultraviolet radiation, which damages folate in the skin, in the controversial and non-peer reviewed journal Medical Hypotheses. This research was put on a strong empirical footing when she, in collaboration with George Chaplin, examined the measured skin color of indigenous human populations relative to levels of ultraviolet radiation at the earth's surface as measured by the NASA TOMS 7 satellite.In their paper on the evolution of human skin pigmentation, <mask> and Chaplin also posited that dark skin with sweat glands evolved with the loss of most body hair, and demonstrated that sexual dimorphism in skin color was nearly universal in humans (with females tending towards lighter skin than males). They also speculated that similar skin colors evolved independently in different human populations under similar solar regimes, an insight that preceded the molecular genetic studies that confirmed the phenomenon. Jablonski's major findings explain that the physiological purpose for the variation in skin color around the world is due to the balance between the need to protect against ultraviolet radiation and facilitating the production of vitamin D. Darker skin due to increased eumelanin levels occurs in populations closer to the equator where ultraviolet radiation poses risks of folate damage, and depigmentation occurs in areas with low and highly seasonal levels of ultraviolet radiation so that vitamin D biosynthesis is not inhibited. Jablonski's recent collaboration with physiologists W. Larry Kenney and Tony Wolf at Penn State has yielded new research indicating a probable link between UV-induced folate loss and impaired thermoregulation. Jablonski has taken this connection and applied it to understanding the effects of modern lifestyles on human health. Jablonski connects certain diseases and health risks to people living in areas distant from those of their ancestors and to people who are living the modern indoors lifestyle. Vitamin D deficiency is linked directly to several serious diseases including rickets, and is implicated in the causality of multiple sclerosis and many malignancies.The main health problems related to too much UV radiation are skin cancers, the most serious and rare being cutaneous malignant melanoma. Birth defects due to folate deficiency are well known, but those tied directly to the effects of UVR-induced folate loss have not been documented in modern people. Skin color and concepts of race
Since 2010, Jablonski has focused much of her research on understanding the link between skin color and the creation of color-based races during the European Enlightenment. The naming of groups of people, later referred to as races, based on skin color has proven durable because of its reinforcement by European and American business interests and politicians of the 18th century who benefited from the transatlantic slave trade. Jablonski's interest in the effects of race and racism in the U.S. and South Africa led to her being invited to be a Fellow of the Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS) in 2011, and to be involved in the “Effects of Race Project” at STIAS from 2013 to 2020. In 2010, Jablonski received an honorary doctorate (D.Phil.) from Stellenbosch University for her contribution to the worldwide fight against racism.Old World monkeys
Jablonski's research on Old World monkeys is marked by extensive paleontological field work across Africa and Asia. Her work has led to significant discoveries including an ape cranium in China, and the first identified chimpanzee fossils. In 2004, along with Sally McBrearty, Jablonski discovered teeth in the collections of the National Museum of Kenya which originated from the Kapthurin Formation and dated back to ~545,000 years ago. By comparing their measurements to those of modern Pan teeth, <mask> and McBrearty determined the fossils belonged to the genus Pan . Paleoecological evidence at the site showed that chimpanzees were not restricted to forest habitats. Along with the discovery of nearby Homo fossils of the same age, this provided the first fossil evidence for spatiotemporal coexistence between the two genera. More recently, Jablonski's fossil discoveries have been complemented by phylogenetic analysis of modern apes, suggesting that genomic divergence in ancestral gibbons was in part due to habitat shifts during the Miocene–Pliocene transition.<mask>'s research on the genus Theropithecus also had significant impact, including the discovery of a near-complete skeleton of Theropithecus brumpti. This finding established T. brumpti as a terrestrial monkey similar to the modern T. gelada, albeit much larger. Her research is central to modern understanding of extinct Theropithecus size, habitat, and diet, much of which is detailed in Theropithecus: The Rise and Fall of a Primate Genus, edited by <mask>. She has also written textbook analyses of the fossil record of tarsiers, gibbons, and Cercopithecoidea as a whole. Primate thermoregulation
In 1994, Jablonski argued against a theory proposed by Peter Wheeler that thermoregulation played a role in hominids’ transition to bipedalism. Wheeler hypothesized that there was evolutionary pressure for early hominids to adopt bipedalism because an upright stance with less surface area exposed to sunlight allowed them to forage for longer without overheating. <mask>'s team constructed their own models, which led to the conclusion that thermoregulatory benefits weren't significant enough for natural selection to favor bipedalism.In 2014, Jablonski began researching the adaptation of goose bumps because she was interested in the connection between the integument of ring-tailed lemurs and thermoregulation. The mechanism for goose bumps is the contraction of smooth muscle called Musculi Arrectores Pilorum (MAP). Jablonski noted that early primates did not have effective networks of MAP throughout the body, a factor that may have significantly affected their ability to forage under the cooler conditions of the late Eocene epoch. Using this information, she concluded that the absence of MAP networks in early primates likely contributed to their extinction in non-tropical latitudes. Jablonski also made connections between goose bumps and brain size, as the ability to regulate body temperature without changes in metabolism seemed to her a necessary adaptation to accommodate the thermal and metabolic sensitivities of larger brains. Jablonski is also interested in exploring how the behaviors of ring-tailed lemurs relate to thermoregulation. In 2016, she traveled to Madagascar where she concluded that lemurs depend on behaviors of sunbathing and huddling to retain heat.Publications

 Magona, S. and <mask>, N. G. (authors), and Fellman, L. (illustrator) (2018) Skin We Are In. Cape Town, David Philip Publishers. (Available in English, Afrikaans, isiNdebele, Siswati, isiXhosa, isiZulu, Sepedi, Sesotho, Setswana, Tshivenda, Xitsonga)
<mask>, N. G. (2012) Living Color: The Biological and Social Meaning of Skin Color. Berkeley, University of California Press. (Available in Chinese, Spanish, and Italian.) <mask>, N. G. (2006) Skin: a Natural History. Berkeley, University of California Press.(Available in Korean; Chinese translation expected 2021)

See also
 Biological determinism
 Dark skin
 Hair
 Human skin color
 Light skin
 Lufengpithecus

References

External links
 Pennsylvania State University page

 The Colbert Report February 28 2007--<mask>ki season 3 ep 03027

1950s births
Living people
American women academics
Pennsylvania State University faculty
Bryn Mawr College alumni
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
21st-century American women

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Nina G
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<mask> (司馬顒) (died 306), courtesy name Wenzai (文載), was a Jin dynasty imperial prince and briefly a regent for Emperor Hui. He was the seventh of eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes. His title was the Prince of Hejian (河間王), but he did not receive any posthumous names. Early career
<mask> was the grandson of <mask> Fu Prince Xian of Anping, the younger brother of <mask> and granduncle to Jin Dynasty's founder, Emperor Wu. His father <mask> (司馬瑰) was the Prince of Taiyuan, and after his death, <mask> inherited his principality. In 276, he was sent to his principality (roughly modern Taiyuan, Shanxi), but in 277 his principality was moved to Hejian (河間, roughly modern Cangzhou, Hebei). He became known for his skill in finding capable associates, and when he visited the capital Luoyang on an official visit, Emperor Wu became impressed by him and stated that he could be a good example to other princes.In 299, during the reign of Emperor Hui, he was put in charge of defending the important city of Chang'an—a post which Emperor Wu had left instructions that only someone who was closely related to the emperor should be allowed to take, but which the high level officials found appropriate for <mask> <mask> due to his reputation. Participation in various campaigns during the War of the Eight Princes

When Emperor Hui's throne was usurped by <mask> Lun the Prince of Zhao in 301, <mask> Jiong the Prince of Qi (Emperor Hui's cousin) started a rebellion to restore Emperor Hui. Initially, <mask> <mask> sent his general Zhang Fang (張方) to support <mask> Lun, but once he heard that <mask> Jiong and his ally, <mask> Ying the Prince of Chengdu (Emperor Hui's brother) had overwhelming force, he switched side and declared for the rebels. After Princes Jiong and Ying defeated and killed <mask> Lun, Prince Jiong became regent and he, while angry at <mask> <mask> for initially supporting <mask> Lun, nevertheless granted him additional honors as well as three of the nine bestowments. <mask> <mask>, however, knew that <mask> Jiong was angry at him, and he started a conspiracy; he invited <mask> Ai the Prince of Changsha (Emperor Hui's brother) to overthrow <mask> Jiong, believing that <mask> Ai would fail; his plan was then to, in conjunction with <mask> Ying, start a war against <mask> Jiong. Once they were victorious, he would depose Emperor Hui and make <mask> Ying the emperor, and then serve as <mask> Ying's prime minister. In winter 302, <mask> <mask> declared his rebellion, and <mask> Ying soon joined, despite opposition from his strategist Lu Zhi (盧志).Hearing that <mask> Ai was part of the conspiracy as well, <mask> Jiong made a preemptive strike against <mask> Ai, but <mask> Ai was prepared and entered the palace to control Emperor Hui. After a street battle, <mask> Jiong's forces collapsed, and he was executed. <mask> Ai became regent, although he submitted all important matters to <mask> Ying, then at his stronghold of Yecheng (鄴城, in modern Handan, Hebei) for decision. This ran counter to <mask> <mask>'s plans. In fall 303, he persuaded <mask> Ying to again join him against <mask> Ai. While <mask> <mask> and <mask> Ying had overwhelming force, their forces could not score a conclusive victory against <mask> Ai. <mask> <mask>'s forces were about to withdraw in spring 304 when <mask> Yue the Prince of Donghai, the grandson of a great-granduncle of Emperor Hui, believing that <mask> Ai could not win this war, arrested him and delivered him to <mask> <mask>'s general Zhang Fang, who executed <mask> Ai cruelly by burning him to death.<mask> Ying became in effective control of the government, but continued to control it remotely from Yecheng. <mask> <mask> was given additional powers, and later in 304 submitted a pre-arranged petition to have <mask> Ying created crown prince. <mask> Ying, however, disappointed people who had high hopes for him. He put people he trusted in charge of the defenses of Luoyang, while remotely controlling the government from Yecheng. Eventually, the officials in Luoyang tired of the situation, and they rose under <mask> Yue's command in summer 304. <mask> Yue, with Emperor Hui accompanying him, then attacked Yecheng. <mask> Ying, after some initial hesitation, battled <mask> Yue's troops and defeated him, forcing him to flee and capturing Emperor Hui.He did not return Emperor Hui to Luoyang, but kept him at Yecheng. This gave Wang Jun (王浚), the commander of the forces in You Province (幽州, modern Beijing, Tianjin, and northern Hebei), with whom <mask> Ying had prior disputes, an excuse to attack <mask> Ying, and he did so, claiming that <mask> Ying was improperly detaining Emperor Hui. Wang's forces were reinforced with ferocious Xianbei and Wuhuan soldiers, and <mask> Ying's forces, in fear of their fighting abilities, collapsed, before they could be reinforced with Xiongnu forces under the command of <mask> Ying's associate Liu Yuan. <mask> Ying was forced to flee to Luoyang with Emperor Hui, now without troops to support him. As regent
Once <mask> Ying arrived in Luoyang, he found the troops of his ally <mask> <mask> there, commanded by Zhang Fang. Instead of continuing to support <mask> Ying, however, <mask> <mask> turned his back on <mask> Ying and had him removed from his crown prince position, instead creating another brother of Emperor Hui, <mask> Chi the Prince of Yuzhang, crown prince. <mask> Ying was demoted back to being the Prince of Chengdu.Soon, Zhang forced Emperor Hui, Crown Prince Chi, and <mask> Ying to move from Luoyang to Chang'an, safely under <mask> <mask>'s control. <mask> <mask> became regent. <mask> <mask> tried to appease possible opposing forces by promoting all of the major princes and warlords, but his promotions did not have the desired effect. In fall 305, <mask> Yue declared yet another rebellion, this time against <mask> <mask>, claiming that <mask> <mask> had improperly forced Emperor Hui to move the capital. Various provincial governors and military commanders were forced to be on one side or the other. The war was initially inconclusive. In early 306, after a few victories by <mask> Yue, <mask> <mask> became fearful, and he executed Zhang to seek peace; <mask> Yue refused.By summer 306, <mask> <mask> was forced to abandon both Chang'an and Emperor Hui, and <mask> Yue's forces welcomed Emperor Hui back to Luoyang. <mask> <mask>'s troops soon fought back, however, and recaptured Chang'an for <mask> <mask>, but were unable to capture any other major city in the same region. <mask> Yue then offered a high-level position to <mask> <mask>. <mask> <mask> agreed to accept it and started to travel back to Luoyang. When he got to Xin'an (新安, near Luoyang), however, he was intercepted by <mask> Mo (司馬模) the Prince of Nanyang (<mask> Yue's brother) and strangled to death. His three sons were killed with him. References

 Fang, Xuanling.Book of Jin (Jin Shu). Year of birth unknown
306 deaths
Jin dynasty (266–420) generals
Jin dynasty (266–420) imperial princes
Jin dynasty (266–420) regents
Executed Jin dynasty (266–420) people
People executed by the Jin dynasty (266–420)
People executed by strangulation
4th-century executions

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<mask>, ,  is a professor and distinguished university scholar in the Department of Language and Literacy Education, University of British Columbia, Canada. She is also research advisor of the African Storybook and 2006 co-founder of the Africa Research Network on Applied Linguistics and Literacy. She is internationally recognized for her theories of identity and language learning and her construct of investment. A Fellow of the American Educational Research Association (AERA), she was the first recipient in 2010 of the Senior Research Leadership Award of AERA's Second Language Research SIG. In 2016, she was co-recipient of the TESOL Award for Distinguished Research and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. Biography

Born in 1956 and raised in South Africa during the turbulent apartheid years, <mask> learnt at an early age the complex relationship between language, power, and identity. As a reporter for the student newspaper at the University of the Witwatersrand (WITS) in Johannesburg, she investigated the draconian language policies of the state, which sought to impose the Afrikaans language on resistant African students, precipitating the Soweto Riots in 1976.After completing a BA in English and history, a teaching diploma, and an Honours Degree in applied linguistics at WITS in 1982, she received a Rotary Foundation Graduate Scholarship to do an MA in linguistics (1984) at Reading University in the UK. Thereafter she joined her partner, Anthony Peirce, in Princeton University, US, where she spent three years as a TOEFL language test developer at the Educational Testing Service, and had two children, Michael and Julia. The family moved to Canada in 1987, where <mask> completed a PhD in language education (1993) at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education at the University of Toronto. Prior to her appointment at the University of British Columbia (UBC) in 1996, she was awarded postdoctoral fellowships from the US National Academy of Education Spencer Foundation and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. Research program

<mask> is centrally concerned with the ways in which language and literacy research can address larger social inequities, while supporting educational change at the grassroots level. Her research seeks to make visible the relations of power that language learners and teachers navigate in diverse classrooms and communities. An advocate for international development, her trajectory of research extends from Canada to sub-Saharan Africa, focussing on a broad range of topics including digital literacy, popular culture, health literacy, language assessment, and teacher education.In 2006, she co-founded the Africa Research Network on Applied Linguistics and Literacy, and is active in the innovative African Storybook in which her former UBC graduate students, Juliet Tembe and Sam Andema, are team members. The ASP is an open-access digital initiative of the South African Institute for Distance Education, which promotes early literacy for African children through the provision of hundreds of children's stories in multiple African languages, as well as English, French, and Portuguese. Its spin-off, the Global-ASP, is translating these stories for children worldwide. In her capacity as Research Advisor of the African Storybook, <mask> has worked with Espen Stranger-Johannessen, also of UBC, to initiate the African Storybook blog and YouTube channel to advance this and other projects. Recent awards
Major recent awards/distinctions include:
 Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
 TESOL Award for Distinguished Research, 2016. https://www.tesol.org/enhance-your-career/tesol-awards-honors-grants/tesol-awards-for-excellence-service/tesol-award-for-distinguished-research
 Beijing Foreign Studies University Distinguished Visiting Scholar, 2015
 Vernon Pack Distinguished Scholar and Convocation Speaker, Otterbein University, Ohio, 2015
 Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies Distinguished Scholar in Residence, UBC, 2013/2014
 Research Advisor, African Storybook, South African Institute for Distance Education, 2013 to present
 American Educational Research Association Fellow, 2012
 AERA Second Language Research SIG, Senior Research Leadership Award (inaugural recipient), 2010
 Visiting Senior Research Fellow, King's College London, 2007–2010
 Honorary Professor, Education, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa, 2007–2010
 UBC Killam Research Prize, 2007
 UBC Distinguished University Scholar, 2004 to present
 UBC Killam Teaching Prize, 2003

Selected works

Books and journal special issues

 Norton, B. (Guest Ed.) (2014).Multilingual literacy and social change in African communities [Special issue]. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 35(7). <mask>, B. (2013). Identity and language learning: Extending the conversation. 2nd edition. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.Higgins, C. & Norton, B. (Eds.) (2010). Language and HIV/AIDS. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters. Norton, B., & Toohey, K. (Eds). (2004).Critical pedagogies and language learning. New York: Cambridge University Press. <mask>, B., & Pavlenko, A. (Eds.). (2004). Gender and English language learners. Alexandria, VA: TESOL Publications.Kanno, Y., & <mask>, B. (Guest Eds.). (2003). Imagined communities and educational possibilities [Special issue]. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, 2(4). <mask>, B. (2000).Identity and language learning: Gender, ethnicity and educational change. Harlow, England: Longman/Pearson Education. <mask>, B. (Guest Ed.). (1997). Language and identity [Special issue]. TESOL Quarterly, 31(3).YouTube videos
 November, 2016: <mask> <mask>, FRSC: The African Storybook in the Digital Age. November, 2015: British Council YouTube Interview on Language and Identity. April, 2014: African Storybook Tribute to Jim Cummins, Toronto. February, 2014. UBC Peter Wall Institute talk: "The African Storybook Project: What questions for research?" February, 2014: UBC interview, the African Storybook. March, 2013: Webinar, Global Conversations in Literacy "Identity, Investment, and Multilingual Literacy (in a Digital World)".References

Further reading

External links
 <mask> <mask>'s home page
 <mask> <mask> on Google Scholar
 <mask> <mask>'s Youtube channel
 African Storybook
 African Storybook blog
 Applied Linguistics and Literacy in Africa & the Diaspora Research Network
 GCLR 2013 Webinar "Identity, Investment, and Multilingual Literacy (in a digital world)"
 American Educational Research Association (AERA)
 Global-ASP

University of British Columbia faculty
Living people
1956 births
Applied linguists
Sociolinguists
Women linguists

masks:
Bonny Norton
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<mask>'Conor, O'<mask> (; 1912–10 July 2000) was hereditary Chief of the Name O'Conor. He was also a direct descendant of Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair, the last High King of Ireland, with a surviving male-line lineage, and was seen by some as a nominal claimant to that defunct position. Early years
<mask>'Conor was born in London in January 1912. His father, Charles William O'Conor (1879-1964), the son of <mask>'Conor, second son of <mask>'Conor, <mask>, and Ellen Isabella Kevill-Davies, daughter of Rev. William Trevalyan Kevill-Davies of Croft Castle. His father was the nephew of Charles Owen O'Conor, <mask>. He was also a descendant of the writer, antiquarian and Catholic rights protagonist Charles O'Conor of Belanagare Castle.His grandfather died when his father Charles William was only five years old and therefore his father grew up at his mother's family home of Croft Castle in Herefordshire. His mother, Evelyn Lowry-Corry (1879-1964), was the daughter of Admiral Hon. Armar Lowry-Corry, (a younger son of the Armar Lowry-Corry, 3rd Earl Belmore) and Geraldine King-King daughter of James King King of Stanton Park House, Herefordshire. His grandmother Geraldine was also a niece of Lieutenant General Colin MacKenzie and Charles Mackenzie. <mask> along with his younger brother Roderic Charles O'Conor (1913-1985) grew up at Ashley Moor house near the village of Orleton in North Herefordshire. Their parents had purchased the house and farm sometime after their marriage in 1907 and lived there until the late 1940s, when they moved to Lake Park house near Lough Dan, in County Wicklow in Ireland. The young <mask> won a classical bursary to the Benedictine School Downside where he was captain of boxing.Life
He went on to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in 1930. He continued to box there and was also noted for his horsemanship, originally learned from his father and honed while hunting in Ireland and Herefordshire. Despite the harsh discipline at Sandhurst, he managed to lead a hectic social life in London. In 1931 he was commissioned in to the Lincolnshire Regiment and served in the East in India and China. India especially gave him the opportunity to hunt, play polo, go pig-sticking and shoot. He had one of the highest handicaps at polo in India and China during his time there and regularly played against the American army in the Philippines; in China he owned and trained horses, one of which, Kilrea, won several races in Hong Kong. A wild and spirited young man with an eye for the girls, he enjoyed Army life in the East to the limit and often beyond.In the Second World War, O'Conor saw action at Dunkirk, however he saw no further action due to a training accident involving a grenade. However, he continued in the military in a training and administrative capacity. He retired with the rank of Major in 1946 and moved to live in Roundwood, Co Wicklow, where his father had bought a farm. He was not well off and he abandoned farming to become a representative for a firm that sold tractors to farmers. Later he became a dedicated inspector for the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Field sports were an important to him all his life. He hunted foxhounds, beagles, Otterhound and Basset Hound at various times.He was a former Master of Delgany Beagles, a popular pack among university students (whose real interest lay in courting, not hunting). He became an acknowledged expert on hounds of all types - and was asked to judge at various shows throughout Ireland and occasionally in England. His love of dogs and his way with them was legendary. In the Early 1970's he moved to Dún Laoghaire in Dublin. O'Conor succeeded as O'Conor <mask> on the death in 1981 of his second cousin, Father Charles O'Conor, the former provincial of the Jesuit Order in Ireland. Whereas the Jesuits in their austere way had insisted that Fr. O'Conor not call himself O'Conor <mask>, <mask>'Conor acclaimed the title with relish, and enjoyed its prerogatives to the full.However, <mask> was not to inherit the family estate of Clonalis outside Castlerea, Co.Roscommon. He became chairman of historical and genealogical societies, a regular presiding presence at community events and was even involved in tourist promotion. He was founding member of the Council of Irish Chieftains, consisting of the descendants of the few princely families whose pedigrees have been authenticated by the Chief Herald of Ireland. He used his position to promote an interest in Irish heritage from genealogy, local history to archaeology. He became President of the Dún Laoghaire Genealogical Society in 1991 and President of the Genealogical Society of Ireland in 1999. He was also Deputy Chairman of the Standing Council of Irish Chiefs and Chieftains. Personal life
He married, in 1936, Elizabeth Marris, daughter of Rev.Stanley Punshon Marris, and had issue:

Desmond Roderic O'Conor (b. 22 September 1938), a banker, formerly of Schroders and then regional director of Kleinwort Benson for South America, who was married on 23 May 1964 to Virginia Williams, daughter of British diplomat Michael S. Williams and had issue. <mask>'Conor's marriage to Elizabeth did not long outlast the birth of their only son. Elizabeth subsequently married James Cameron. O'Conor then married, in 1943, Rosemary O'Connell-Hewett (1920-2008), daughter of former Irish Guards and later Indian Army officer and farmer Capt. James Pearse Bowen O'Connell-Hewett formerly of Sale, Australia, and later of St Mary's Bay, Kent by his wife Marion Barclay-Brown, a niece of Sir James Cantlie. Rosemary was also a direct descendant of Daniel O'Connell, the 19th-century Irish Liberator, through his granddaughter Catherine Henrietta O'Connell-Fitzsimon daughter Ellen O'Connell and Christopher Fitzsimon of Glencullen house.They had a daughter and two son. Gail O'Conor (b.1943 - d.1957), died aged thirteen. Kieran <mask>'Conor (b. 28 October 1958), a senior lecturer in Archaeology in NUI Galway, who was married on the 26th of August 1988 to Karena Mary Morton, daughter of Roderick Morton by his wife Theresa Winifred O'Shee, daughter of Irish Parliamentary Party MP J. J. O'Shee, and had issue. Rory Dominic O'Conor (b. 1 January 1963), who was married on the 21st of August 1999 to Cecilia Emily Gleeson, and had issue. Because he was divorced, O'Conor was precluded from following the family tradition of becoming a member of the Order of Malta but he joined and eventually became Grand Prior of the Irish priory of the Oecumenical Order of St Lazarus of Jerusalem, which contributes to the relief of leprosy.His also taught disabled children to ride. The O'<mask> died on the 10th of July 2000 aged 88 and was buried at the family plot in Castlerea graveyard on the edge of the family estate. His eldest son, Desmond, who lives in Sussex, succeeded as O'Conor <mask>.

masks:
Denis Armar O
Conor Don
Denis Armar O
Denis Maurice O
Denis O
O Conor Don
O Conor Don
Denis
Denis
Don
Don
Denis O
Denis
Denis O
Denis O
Conor Don
Don


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Princess <mask> is a TV personality, professor of ethics, leadership ambassador, talk show host, trained petroleum engineer, communications expert, motivational speaker and occasional actress. She is the founder of the Empower Africa Initiative. Halliday is the host and executive producer of The Princess Halliday Show, which airs on M-Net on the DSTV platform across 48 African countries. It is also syndicated across Nigeria on Silverbird Television, and in the UK on BEN TV. Early life
Halliday hails from Bonny Island in Rivers State, Nigeria; Her mother is from the Halliday Awusa "King Halliday" House of the Kingdom of Bonny, making Halliday a princess by birth. At the age of 3, she hosted her first radio talk show, Kiddies World and by the age of 14, she had held a number of roles at different companies. She enrolled into university at the age of 15 to become a Petroleum Engineer.She has worked in both upstream and downstream sectors of oil and gas. Halliday, aside from speaking English, is fluent in Hindi, some French and Arabic. Career

Empower Africa Initiative
At age 19, Princess Halliday founded the Empower Africa Initiative whose mission is to positively enhance the mindset of the world by showcasing and engaging people, communities, and organizations, while empowering them to lead, innovate, and serve authentically. Halliday began producing her television show the <mask> Show in collaboration with Multichoice Africa to be syndicated on M-Net via the DSTV network. The show has Halliday and her team travel across the world to showcase world leaders, global players, entrepreneurs, movie stars and ordinary people doing extraordinary things. In 2012, Halliday after a visit to the Niger Delta area and taking note of the lack of structure in the water network, mobilized the Empower Africa Initiative in conjunction with the Niger Delta Development Commission of Nigeria to carry out the Reticulation of pipes in the Niger delta area, creating pipe borne water for several Niger delta communities. Halliday is the first young Nigerian to properly strive to have a degree in Leadership that transcribes what it means to lead authentically.Princess Halliday desires to use her degree and expertise to change negative stereotypes of Africans where young women are not often believed to be leaders. 2014 till date
In 2014, Halliday earned a leadership training from Harvard University known as "Communicating with Influence-The Art of Persuasion". She has a degree in Leadership from Woodbury University. Determined to revolutionize the understanding of leadership as Africa knows it, Halliday frequently strengthens the need for mindsets to be empowered. Halliday hosted the 2014 Miss Commonwealth International Pageant in the UK. She also served Rivers State as a special media and image consultant to wife of the governor of Rivers State at the time, Dame Judith Amaechi. Halliday along with women from Rivers State visited Morocco for the World Leaders Summit/Crans Montana Female Leadership Forum in Rabat, where she met the President of Malta, Marie-Louise Coleiro Preca, the youngest female to assume the office of the President, and her Chief of Staff John Camilleri.In 2015, the <mask>y show was renewed for another season, and she played host to a number of notable international guests including, American Christian contemporary singer Don Moen, Jamaican singer Chevelle Franklyn, former Nigerian Presidential candidate, Professor Pat Utomi, emmy nominated actress Amy Gibson, Hollywood actor from the movie "the perfect match" Rob Riley  and a former Rivers State gubernatorial candidate Dakuku Peterside and many others. Halliday has also interviewed Nollywood actors, Mike Ezuruonye, Tonto Dikeh, Jim Iyke, Robert O. Peters, Joseph Benjamin, Raz Adoti, International singer Ron Kenoly, Nigeria megachurch pastor and church leader, Apostle Johnson Suleiman, the former Director-General of the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency(NIMASA) Raymond Temisan Omatseye and many other others on her show. Halliday made her acting debut in 2015, in a TV series produced by Nollywood film-maker Obi Emelonye, titled The Calabash. In July 2016, Empower Africa Initiative alongside <mask>y designed the merchandise theme "Empowered", designed to help prepare and guide all to their own empowered parity. Portions of proceeds from this design goes towards helping the underprivileged in Africa. The sales have garnered support from several celebrities and people of note. Global speaking engagement
In December 2016, Halliday was invited to speak on corruption at the Parliament House of Commons London at the care of the MP Helen Grant (Maidstone & The Weald).The event was organized by Alistair Soyode, the owner of BEN TV with the focus on dealing with the issue of corruption in Africa. Halliday is one of the designated speakers for the 2017 Nigeria-Agri Food Investment Forum 2017. Her focus was on addressing the seemingly increasing barriers to leadership, business and investment in Nigeria and proffering solutions through which this can be strengthened. In 2017 leadership
In 2017, Halliday commenced working on the World African Women Leadership Conference, committed to ensuring women in leadership position are strengthened to lead authentically while ensuring young girls receive the  educational opportunity, leadership development and mentoring support needed to be authentic leaders. Princess Halliday spoke and addressed leaders at the Mackerel Business and Leadership conference in Virginia Commonwealth University on "How Authenticity Affects Leaders in Africa" Princess who with very substantial experience on Leadership & Strategy, shared on “How Authenticity Affect Business Leaders in Africa“ believing it is time for business leaders to begin to change their mindset from the conventional development mindset to a revolutionary and investment mindset revealing that there is increasing hope for Africa. World Bank Meeting Annual 2017
"I am aware that people can hardly correlate a beautiful lady to leadership especially in our continent where young women are not believed to be carriers of great initiative. This has been a great challenge to me and so daily I endeavor to do the extraordinary.I strive to educate and empower men and women to identify their leadership parity and have young girls know that they have the capacity to be leaders and yes Beauty Equates to Leadership. I am a leader with my own style. Am I changing the dynamics of leadership? Yes I am and this is so important to me. We have had enough of the conventional stalled leadership that has existed for so long and very rarely worked. It is time for a revolution. You can be young, pretty, intelligent, do things the right way and be an Authentic Leader," she said.She said, "Oftentimes, leaders talk about growth and giving opportunity to the young generation but in reality very few leaders want growth. Power gets intoxicating and so it becomes hard for them to let go. But the truth is great leaders extend the circle of influence so the most junior person feels like they belong. But one great challenge for Africa– one that has stalled her leadership – is how to convince 1.2 billion people to put aside competing interests, sideline different religions, leaderless uprising, ethnicity, political persuasions, and build a United Nation with Authentic leaders to truly bring about significant change." Leadership style
As a guest lecturer at California State University, Northridge, it has been noted that Princess Halliday strives for women in Africa to get a sit at the table with a mission to develop ethical leaders with an ability to think critically and act effectively. She has constantly liaised with the women in position of authority in Africa, accentuating the need for embracing Empowered parity. Personal life
Halliday currently lives in West Hollywood, California, in the United States, where, as of 2016, episodes of her television show were being taped.When asked about marriage, the Leadership Newspaper quotes her as saying “I will be married to a man with great wisdom and one who understands the turbulence of my call on earth. His footstep is still being orchestrated!”

Awards and recognition
In recognition of her work in diverse fields, Halliday has received a number of laurels, including being recognized by the International Commonwealth platform in London, and she was given the award for the Youngest Executive Producer/TV Talk show Host in History. Princess Halliday’s passion for showcasing positivity and her uncanny ability to lead authentically with emotional intelligence and communicate with empathy has solidified her as one of the young female authentic voice in the world. The Canadian federal government recently honored Princess Halliday with the Outstanding Leadership award to Africa in London November 2016. References

Nigerian television personalities
Harvard University alumni
Woodbury University alumni
Television personalities from Rivers State
Living people
Actresses from Rivers State
Year of birth missing (living people)

masks:
Halliday
Princess Halliday
Princess Hallida
Princess Hallida


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<mask><mask>" <mask>wa was one of the stand-out players for Auckland in their 2005 NPC-winning season, Nacewa is a speedy and versatile player who can play as an outside back or centre.He also proved that he can play as a first five-eighth when he covered successfully for the injured Luke McAlister during the 2006 Super 14 season. In the 2007 Super 14 coach David Nucifora trialled him in their first match against the Crusaders at Fly-half in place of first-choice Luke McAlister who was out because of an injury. Nacewa played so well that Nucifora decided to play him at number 10 and when McAlister returned he was placed in his favourite position at inside centre to cater for Nacewa. The Blues defeated the defending champions and Nacewa scored 19 points. In the 2007 Air New Zealand Cup, <mask> was voted the player of the tournament after guiding his Auckland team to another thrilling victory and thus winning the coveted Air New Zealand Cup in another thriller defeating finalist Wellington. He has won the Air New Zealand Cup 3 times with Auckland in 2003, 2005, and 2007.

International career

Born and raised in New Zealand, Nacewa qualified to play for Fiji through his ancestral links. He was included in Fiji's squad for the 2003 Rugby World Cup and came on as a substitute against Scotland for less than 3 minutes, not touching the ball.In 2006, he quit the Fiji national team as he wanted his eligibility changed from Fiji to New Zealand. But due to IRB law, his appearance for Fiji in the World Cup made him ineligible for the All Blacks, <mask> considered legal advice to persuade the IRB to annul his Fiji cap, however the IRB has since ruled that <mask> is a Fijian citizen and has played for Fiji during the 2003 Rugby World Cup, making him only eligible to play for Fiji. According to media reports in October 2009, <mask> was sounded out about the possibility of again playing for Fiji on their tour to Europe, but he rebuffed these approaches to retain his focus on club rugby with Leinster. Nacewa could have qualified for Ireland (under residency), had he not already played for Fiji. Leinster
In 2008 he moved to Ireland to represent Leinster Rugby, scoring a try in his opening game for the province. However, he suffered a setback when he sustained a broken arm in the win over the Ospreys on 19 September, a game in which he scored two drop goals. He returned for the later stages of the Heineken Cup pool stages and played on the right wing in the quarter-final victory over Harlequins but moved to full-back for the semi-final against Munster with great success.The Irish Times said of his performance "<mask>'s selection at fullback was vindicated for his stunning line and pass for D’Arcy's opening try. But there was so much more than that as well: his security and strength at the back, his counter-attacking runs, his passing and kicking". He retained his place at full-back for the Heineken Cup final on 23/5/09, keeping Ireland first-choice and Lions tourist Rob Kearney on the bench, and contributed well to Leinster's 19–16 victory. In the 2009/2010 season, <mask> alternated between full-back and wing but was almost ever-present in the starting Leinster XV. Rumours circulated that <mask> was contemplating a return to the Fijian national team when they toured Ireland and Britain in November 2009; however <mask> himself rejected this. In the 2010/2011 season, <mask> established himself as one of the finest full-backs in Europe with eye-catching displays for Leinster in their Heineken Cup run, scoring two tries in the pool stages as well as a brilliant solo effort in the quarter-final against Leicester. Following that game, his Leinster colleague, Gordon D'Arcy said of Nacewa; “It gets kind of boring when he's that good.He's probably one of the best players I’ve played with in any shape, way or form." <mask> picked up his second Heineken Cup winners medal after playing a key role in Leinster's second-half comeback against Northampton at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff. On an individual level, Nacewa was named both the Irish Rugby Union Players' Association (IRUPA) and the Leinster Rugby Player of the Year, as well as being chosen as full-back on the 'Magners League Dream Team' for 2011 and was shortlisted for the ERC European Player of the Year, losing out to his Leinster colleague, Seán O'Brien. He was included for the Barbarians' match against Wales starting at fullback. He scored 2 tries, one of which came in the final minute to give the Barbarians a win. Following that game, speculation arose that <mask> would play for Fiji at the 2011 World Cup, however it was later confirmed by the Fiji rugby union that he would not make himself available, citing family commitments . Doubts were raised about his future at Leinster after the IRFU announced a new policy restricting non-Irish players in December 2011.However, in April 2012, it was announced that <mask> had signed an extension to his contract which will see him remain with Leinster until the end of the 2013/14 season. <mask> ended the 2011/12 season with his third Heineken Cup winners medal after featuring on the wing for most of the campaign. He gained the distinction of not only playing every match but also every minute of the campaign. The season ended on a disppointing note as Leinster lost out in the RaboDirect Pro12 Grand Final to the Ospreys on 27 May, despite two tries by Nacewa. Retirement
On 20 March 2013, it was reported in the Irish Times that <mask> would finish his career and return to New Zealand at the end of the 2012–2013 season, despite having a year left on his contract. Family reasons were cited as being behind his decision. This was confirmed on the Leinster Rugby website later that day.<mask> played his last game on 25 May 2013 at full-back in the 24–18 win over Ulster in the RaboDirect Pro12 final against Ulster at the RDS, collecting the fifth trophy of his Leinster career in the process. After retirement, he joined the NZ ITM Cup commentating team for Sky NZ. Coaching
In November 2013, it was announced that <mask> would be returning to the Auckland Blues as mental skills coach for the 2014 Super Rugby season. <mask> said at the time “My role involves getting the players’ mental space right going into trainings and games and upskilling them on the discipline and attributes needed to be winners, not just talented players,”

Return to Leinster Rugby
In April 2015, he signed a one-year contract to play for Leinster. He made his return for Leinster against Edinburgh Rugby in the 2015-16 Pro 12 season kicking 9 points. The following week, he was the stand-in captain and he kicked 13 points to help Leinster beat Cardiff Blues. He played at fullback in both games.<mask> extended his contract and was installed as the Leinster Captain for the 2015/16 season. <mask> was named captain of the Pro 12 team of the season as he led Leinster to the top of Pro 12 table and the final at Murrayfield where they were defeated by Connacht Rugby 20-10. In September 2017, <mask> and teammate Jamison Gibson-Park were denied entry to South Africa due to newly created restrictions that required citizens of New Zealand to obtain a visa. The pair had been due to play two matches for Leinster in the Pro14 against the Southern Kings and the Cheetahs. On 24 April 2018, it was announced that <mask> would be retiring at the end of the 2017/2018 season and would be returning to New Zealand. On 12 May 2018, Nacewa kicked the match-winning penalty in Leinster's 15-12 defeat of Racing 92, in the European Rugby Champions Cup final, gaining a record-equalling fourth win as a player in the competition. Honours

Club

Leinster
European Rugby Champions Cup/Heineken Cup (4): 2008/09, 2010/11, 2011/12, 2017/18,
Amlin Challenge Cup: 2012/13
Pro12/Pro14 (2) : 2012/13, 2017/18

Auckland
 Air New Zealand Cup: 2003, 2005, 2007

Individual
IRUPA Player of the Year: 2011
Leinster Rugby Player of the Year: 2011

References

External links
Blues profile
Leinster profile

1982 births
Living people
New Zealand rugby union coaches
New Zealand rugby union players
Leinster Rugby players
Rugby union fly-halves
Rugby union centres
Rugby union wings
Rugby union fullbacks
Barbarian F.C.players
Blues (Super Rugby) players
Auckland rugby union players
Fiji international rugby union players
New Zealand people of I-Taukei Fijian descent
New Zealand expatriate rugby union players
Expatriate rugby union players in Ireland
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in Ireland
Expatriate rugby union players in England
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in England
People educated at Auckland Grammar School
People from Auckland
People educated at Onehunga High School

masks:
Isakeli "
Isa
Nacewace
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa
Nacewa


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<mask> (16 January 1945 – 13 February 2021) was an Indonesian politician. He served as governor of North Sulawesi for all but one month from 2005 to 2015. He was also a former Governor of North Maluku in 2002 and Maluku in 2002–2003. In February 2018, he was appointed by the President Joko Widodo as the ambassador to the Philippines, with concurrent accreditation to the Marshall Islands and Palau. Personal life

Early life
<mask> was born in Kawangkoan, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi on 16 January 1945. He is the firstling of three brothers of <mask> and Yulian Liow. He married Deetje Adeline Laoh Tambuwun on 17 June 1969, and they have 2 sons and three daughters named Ivan, Fabian, Vanda, Eva, and Shinta.Ivan Sarundajang served as the vice regent of Minahasa Regency from 2013 to 2018, Vanda Sarundajang is a member of the People's Representative Council from the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, Fabian Sarundajang is a member of the Regional Representative Council, and Eva Sarundajang is member of People's Representative Council of North Sulawesi. Education
Sarundajang was educated in Sam Ratulangi University and earned the Baccalaureate of state administration in 1968, and he received the bachelor's degree at the 17 Agustus 1945 University, Jakarta in 1970. In 1972, he continued his studies at the Institut international d'administration publique, France, and earned the postgraduate degree in territorial administration. In 2011, he earned a doctorate from the Gadjah Mada University. Career

Mayor of Bitung
Sarundajang became the mayor of the administrative city of Bitung in 1986. Unlike cities in Indonesia, administrative city do not have any city council and is not an autonomous territory. Sarundajang attempted to propose Bitung into an autonomous city, and his proposal was accepted in 1990.Bitung officially became a city on 10 October 1990, and Sarundajang was inaugurated as mayor on the same day. Sarundajang became the definitive mayor after he was elected in 1991 (assumed office on 7 December 1991) and again in 1996 (assumed office on 7 December 1996). Sarundajang ended his term after he handed over his office to city secretary Lexie Gobel on 10 April 2000. Sarundajang, who served as mayor for over fourteen years, became the third longest-serving mayor in Indonesia after Suryatati Abdul Manan (17 years) and Soedarisman Poerwokoesoemo (19 years). Acting Governor of North Moluccas
After ending his tenure in Bitung, <mask> was posted in Jakarta where he became the staff to the Minister of Internal Affairs. A year later, <mask> became the Inspector General of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, replacing Andi Jalal Bachtiar. <mask>'s tenure as inspector general was short lived as <mask> was sent to North Moluccas to become acting governor.His main task as acting governor was to pacify the region, which had been ridden with widespread religious violence between Muslims and Christians. Initially, most North Moluccans were cynical of his appointment and some were demanding his resignation from office. The night after he arrived in North Maluku, a bomb exploded in the entrance of his hotel, just 25 meters away from his bed. In a 2004 interview, Sarundajang remarked that he did not fear the bomb, but the bomb made him realize the difficulties of his task of reconciliation. The next day, Sarundajang began his trip around North Moluccas, where he visited the houses of local community and religious leaders. Sarundajang shocked the leaders by entering their houses through the back door instead of the usual front door. In what he called as a show of good deed, Sarundajang drank a glass of water before conversing with the leaders each time he visited a house.Sarundajang's approach was lauded by the local Muslims and Christians. As a sign of respect, Muslims in the region gave him the title of khalifa. After successfully negotiating with both sides, Sarundajang brought together both parties into a discussion. Both parties agreed to a reconciliation and a gubernatorial election was held shortly after. Thaib Armaiyn, a Muslim, was elected as the definitive governor and Sarundajang handed over his office to him on 29 September 2002. Acting Governor of Moluccas
Sarundajang's success in the reconciliation of North Moluccas had him appointed the acting Governor of Moluccas. Sarundajang assumed office on 11 December 2002 and was sent to the province several days after his inauguration in Jakarta.Similar to its northern counterpart, the Moluccas had experienced religious conflict between Christians and Muslims since 1999. The Moluccan populace was divided on Sarundajang's acting governorship, with Muslims in the region opposing him and Christians supporting him. Once again, Sarundajang was able to reconcile the province and successfully held gubernatorial election. Sarundajang was revered by Christians in the province as a "little angel". He handed over his office to Karel Albert Rahalalu, the elected Christian governor, under dramatically improved social and political conditions. Governor of North Sulawesi

First term
<mask> ran as a candidate for the 2005 North Sulawesi gubernatorial election. His campaign team consisted of retired bureaucrats and military officers, including former Governor of North Sulawesi C. J. Rantung.Rantung himself recommended Golkar as <mask>'s party in the elections. However, Golkar did not offer any endorsement to Sarundajang and he chose to run with the endorsement of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDIP) instead. Sarundajang picked <mask> Sualang, who at that time was PDIP's chairman in North Sulawesi, as his running mate. Although he was endorsed by PDIP, the party were largely uninvolved in campaigns. Sarundajang received most support from Golkar officials who were disappointed with the leadership of A. J. Sondakh, the incumbent governor who was also the chairman of Golkar in the province. <mask>'s campaign team focused on his career as a "peacemaker" in North Moluccas and the Moluccas, with one of his campaign brochure emphasizing his title as a khalifah and "little angel". The election saw <mask> winning with 448,325 votes, or 39% of the total votes.His victory was seen as an end to the Golkar party's dominance in the area, in which Sondakh, the party's official candidate. only won 17% of the votes. <mask> assumed office on 13 August 2005. In 2009, a corruption case involving inflated sales fund for Manado Beach Hotel came to surface. The acting mayor of Manado, Abdi Buchari, and <mask>'s deputy, Freddy Sualang, was convicted of being involved in the corruption. The Minister of Internal Affairs deactivated both from their office after the two were brought into the court. To prevent vacancy, <mask> assumed office as the acting mayor on 11 August.Sarundajang's double office as both governor and acting mayor of the province's capital drew criticism from the Anti-Corruption Community Group, which stated that the office of acting mayor could only be held by active civil servants in the city. Sarundajang then appointed his regional secretary Robby Mamuaya to replace him as mayor. Second term
Sarundajang ran again for the governorship in the 2010 North Sulawesi gubernatorial elections, this time as a candidate from the Democratic Party. Sarundajang picked Djouhari Kansil as his running mate and he registered to the General Elections Commission on 27 May 2010 an hour before midnight. Sarundajang was declared eligible to run in the elections on 17 June. During his campaign, Sarundajang promoted the notion of a "Golden Triangle" in North Sulawesi's governance system. Sarundajang stated that he would ensure the representation of the three main ethnic groups in North Sulawesi (Minahasa, Nusa Utara, Totabuan) in his administration.While Sarundajang himself was of Minahasa origin, Sarundajang's running mate, Djouhari Kansil, was of Nusa Utara origin. Sarundajang also openly promoted Rachmat Mokodongan, a Totabuan, to seat the regional secretary post. The election was held on 3 August 2010, alongside three other mayoral election and a regent election in the province. Initial quick counts favoured Sarundajang and he was declared as the winner on 12 August. However, <mask>'s opponent disputed the results of the elections to the Constitutional Court of Indonesia, forcing <mask>'s inauguration to be pushed back. Sarundajang briefly transferred his office to his regional secretary after his first term expired on 13 August 2010. The constitutional court refused to investigate the disputes filed by Sarundajang's opponent and Sarundajang was inaugurated for his second term on 14 September.Ambassador of Indonesia to the Philippines, Marshall Islands, and Palau
Sarundajang was sworn in as the Ambassador of Indonesia to the Philippines, Marshall Islands, and Palau, along with 16 other ambassadors, on 20 February 2018. He presented his credentials to President Rodrigo Duterte on 28 May. In September 2017, three Indonesians were taken hostage by Abu Sayyaf, a Jihadist militant and pirate group. According to Sarundajang, the Indonesian government were uninvolved in the negotiations to free the hostage. The three Indonesians were freed by the Philippine government on 15 September 2019, and were handed back to Sarundajang as the representative of government a day later. Sarundajang stated that the citizens were in good health but physically distressed. Death
Sarundajang died at 00.31 on 13 February 2021, at Siloam Hospital, Jakarta, twenty eight days after his 76th birthday.According to his daughter, Sarundajang had suffered complications several days before his death. He was planned to be buried at his hometown in Kawangkoan, Minahasa. References

External links
 Profile at merdeka.com

1945 births
2021 deaths
Governors of North Sulawesi
Governors of Maluku
Governors of North Maluku
Ambassadors of Indonesia to the Philippines
Ambassadors of Indonesia to Palau
Ambassadors of Indonesia to the Marshall Islands
Mayors of Manado
Politicians from North Sulawesi
People from Minahasa Regency
Minahasa people

masks:
Sinyo Harry Sarundajang
Sarundajang
Youje Sarundajang
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