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<mask>f (, , ; 20 November 1858 – 16 March 1940) was a Swedish author and teacher. She published her first novel, Gösta Berling's Saga, at the age of 33. She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, which she was awarded in 1909. Additionally, she was the first woman to be granted a membership in the Swedish Academy in 1914. Life

Early years

<mask>f was born on 20 November 1858 at Mårbacka, Värmland, Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway. Lagerlöf was the daughter of Erik Gustaf Lagerlöf, a lieutenant in the Royal Värmland Regiment, and Louise Lagerlöf (née Wallroth), whose father was a well-to-do merchant and a foundry owner (). Lagerlöf was the couple's fifth child out of six.She was born with a hip injury, which was caused by detachment in the hip joint. At the age of three and a half, a sickness left her lame in both legs, although she later recovered. She was a quiet, serious child with a deep love for reading. She wrote poetry but did not publish anything until later in life. Her grandmother helped raise her, often telling stories of fairytales and fantasy. Growing up, she was plain and slightly lame, and an account stated that the cross-country wanderings of Margarethe and Elisabet in Gösta Berling's Saga could be the author's compensatory fantasies. She received her schooling at home since the Volksschule compulsory education system was not fully developed yet.She studied English and French. After reading Osceola by Thomas Mayne Reid at the age of seven, she decided she would be a writer when she grew up. In 1868, at the age of 10, <mask> began reading the Bible. At this time her father was very ill, and she hoped that God would heal him if she read the Bible from cover to cover. Her father lived for another 17 years. In this manner, Lagerlöf became accustomed to the language of Scripture. The sale of  in 1884 had a serious impact on her development.<mask>'s father is said to have been an alcoholic, something she rarely discussed. Her father did not want <mask> to continue her education or remain involved with the women's movement. Later in life, she would buy back her father's estate with the money she received for her Nobel Prize. Lagerlöf lived there for the rest of her life. She also completed her studies at the Royal Seminary to become a teacher the same year as her father died. In her early life she supposedly was on very good terms with Lovisa Larsson. Teaching career
Lagerlöf studied at the Högre lärarinneseminariet in Stockholm from 1882 to 1885.She worked as a country schoolteacher at a high school for girls in Landskrona from 1885 to 1895, while honing her story-telling skills, with particular focus on the legends she had learned as a child. She liked the teaching profession and appreciated her students. She had a talent for capturing the children's attention through telling them stories about the different countries about which they were studying or stories about Jesus and his disciples. During this period of her life, <mask> lived with her aunt Lovisa Lagerlöf. Through her studies at the Royal Women's Superior Training Academy in Stockholm, Lagerlöf reacted against the realism of contemporary Swedish-language writers such as August Strindberg. She began her first novel, Gösta Berling's Saga, while working as a teacher in Landskrona. Her first break as a writer came when she submitted the first chapters to a literary contest in the magazine Idun, and won a publishing contract for the whole book.At first, her writing only received mild reviews from critics. Once a popular male critic, Georg Brandes, gave her positive reviews of the Danish translation, her popularity soared. She received financial support of Fredrika Limnell, who wished to enable her to concentrate on her writing. Literary career
A visit in 1900 to the American Colony in Jerusalem became the inspiration for Lagerlöf's book by that name. The royal family and the Swedish Academy gave her substantial financial support to continue her passion. Jerusalem was also acclaimed by critics, who began comparing her to Homer and Shakespeare, so that she became a popular figure both in Sweden and abroad. By 1895, she gave up her teaching to devote herself to her writing.With the help of proceeds from Gösta Berling's Saga and a scholarship and grant, she made two journeys, which were largely instrumental in providing material for her next novel. With Elkan, she traveled to Italy, and she also traveled to Palestine and other parts of the East. In Italy, a legend of a Christ Child figure that had been replaced with a false version inspired Lagerlöf's novel  (The Miracles of the Antichrist). Set in Sicily, the novel explores the interplay between Christian and socialist moral systems. However, most of Lagerlöf's stories were set in Värmland. In 1902, Lagerlöf was asked by the National Teachers' Association to write a geography book for children. She wrote  (The Wonderful Adventures of Nils), a novel about a boy from the southernmost part of Sweden, who had been shrunk to the size of a thumb and who travelled on the back of a goose across the country.Lagerlöf mixed historical and geographical facts about the provinces of Sweden with the tale of the boy's adventures until he managed to return home and was restored to his normal size. The novel is one of Lagerlöf's most well-known books, and it has been translated into more than 30 languages. She moved in 1897 to Falun, and met Valborg Olander, who became her literary assistant and friend, but Elkan's jealousy of Olander was a complication in the relationship. Olander, a teacher, was also active in the growing women's suffrage movement in Sweden. <mask> Lagerlöf herself was active as a speaker for the National Association for Women's Suffrage, which was beneficial for the organisation because of the great respect which surrounded Lagerlöf, and she spoke at the International Suffrage Congress in Stockholm in June 1911, where she gave the opening address, as well as at the victory party of the Swedish suffrage movement after women suffrage had been granted in May 1919. <mask> Lagerlöf was a friend of the German-Jewish writer Nelly Sachs. Shortly before her death in 1940, Lagerlöf intervened with the Swedish royal family to secure the release of Sachs and Sachs' aged mother from Nazi Germany, on the last flight from Germany to Sweden, and their lifelong asylum in Stockholm.Personal life

Relationships
In 1894, she met the Swedish writer Sophie Elkan, who became her friend and companion. Over many years, Elkan and Lagerlöf critiqued each other's work. Lagerlöf wrote that Elkan strongly influenced her work and that she often disagreed sharply with the direction Lagerlöf wanted to take in her books. <mask>'s letters to Sophie were published in 1993, titled  ('You Teach me to be Free'). Beginning in the 1900s, she also had a close relationship with Valborg Olander, who had some influence as a literary adviser, agent and secretary of sorts as well; their correspondence was published as  ('A Proper Writer's Wife'). There appears to have been a strong rivalry between Elkan and Olander while both lived (Elkan died approximately twenty years before the other two women). Both relationships were close, emotional, exclusive and described in terms suggestive of love, the boundary between expressions of friendship and love being somewhat vague at the time.Still, it is primarily the surviving correspondence with Olander that contains passages implying decidedly erotic and physical passion, even though Lagerlöf took care to destroy many of the letters she found too risky. Homosexual relations between women were taboo as well as illegal in Sweden at the time, so none of the women involved ever revealed such a thing publicly. Literary adaptations

In 1919, Lagerlöf sold all the movie rights to all of her as-yet unpublished works to Swedish Cinema Theatre (), so over the years, many movie versions of her works were made. During the era of Swedish silent cinema, her works were used in film by Victor Sjöström, Mauritz Stiller, and other Swedish film makers. Sjöström's retelling of Lagerlöf's tales about rural Swedish life, in which his camera recorded the detail of traditional village life and the Swedish landscape, provided the basis of some of the most poetic and memorable products of silent cinema. Jerusalem was adapted in 1996 into an internationally acclaimed film Jerusalem. Awards and commemoration

On 10 December 1909, <mask> Lagerlöf won the Nobel Prize "in appreciation of the lofty idealism, vivid imagination, and spiritual perception that characterize her writings", but the decision was preceded by harsh internal power struggle within the Swedish Academy, the body that awards the Nobel Prize in literature.During her acceptance speech, she remained humble and told a fantastic story of her father, as she 'visited him in heaven'. In the story, she asks her father for help with the debt she owes and her father explains the debt is from all the people who supported her throughout her career. In 1904, the academy had awarded her its great gold medal, and in 1914, she also became a member of the academy. For both the academy membership and her Nobel literature prize, she was the first woman to be so honored. In 1991, she became the first woman to be depicted on a Swedish banknote, when the first 20-kronor note was released. In 1907, she received the degree of doctor of letters from Uppsala University. In 1928, she received an honorary doctorate from the University of Greifswald's Faculty of Arts.At the start of World War II, she sent her Nobel Prize medal and gold medal from the Swedish Academy to the government of Finland to help raise money to fight the Soviet Union. The Finnish government was so touched that it raised the necessary money by other means and returned her medal to her. Two hotels are named after her in Östra Ämtervik in Sunne, and her home, , is preserved as a museum. Published works
Original Swedish-language publications are listed primarily. The vogue for Lagerlöf in the United States was due in part to Velma Swanston Howard, or V.S. Howard (1868–1937, a suffragette and Christian scientist) – who was an early believer in her appeal to Americans and who carefully translated many of her books. (1891; novel).Translated as The Story of Gösta Berling (Pauline Bancroft Flach, 1898), Gösta Berling's Saga (V.S. Howard and Lillie Tudeer, 1898), The Story of Gösta Berling (R. Bly, 1962)
  (1894; short stories). Translated as Invisible Links (Pauline Bancroft Flach, (1869–1966) 1899)
  (1897; novel). Translated as The Miracles of Antichrist (<mask> Ahlström Trotz, 1899) and The Miracles of Antichrist (Pauline Bancroft Flach (1869–1966), 1899)
  (1899; short stories). Translated as The Queens of Kungahälla and Other Sketches From a Swedish Homestead (Jessie Bröchner, 1901; C. Field, 1917)
  (1899; short stories). Translated as The Tale of a Manor and Other Sketches (C. Field, 1922)
  (1901; novel). Translated as Jerusalem (Jessie Bröchner, 1903; V.S.Howard, 1914)
  (1902; novel). Translated as The Holy City : Jerusalem II (V.S. Howard, 1918)
  (1903; novel). Translated as Herr Arne's Hoard (Arthur G. Chater, 1923; Philip Brakenridge, 1952) and The Treasure (Arthur G. Chater, 1925) – adapted as the 1919 film Sir Arne's Treasure. (1904; short stories). Translated as Christ Legends and Other Stories (V,S. Howard, 1908)
  (1906–07; novel).Translated as The Wonderful Adventures of Nils (V.S. Howard, 1907; Richard E. Oldenburg, 1967) and Further Adventures of Nils (V.S. Howard, 1911)
  (1908; short stories). Translated as The Girl from the Marsh Croft (V.S. Howard, 1910) and Girl from the Marsh Croft and Other Stories (edited by Greta Anderson, 1996)
  (1911; non-fiction). Translated as Home and State: Being an Address Delivered at Stockholm at the Sixth Convention of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance, June 1911 (C. Ursula Holmstedt, 1912)
  (1911; novel). Translated as Liliecrona's Home (Anna Barwell, 1913)
 Körkarlen (1912; novel).Translated as Thy Soul Shall Bear Witness! (William Frederick Harvey, 1921). Filmed as The Phantom Carriage, The Phantom Chariot, The Stroke of Midnight. (1913) with Bernt Fredgren
  (1914; short stories)
  (1914; novel). Translated as The Emperor of Portugallia (V.S. Howard, 1916)
  (1914; play)
  (1915; short stories)
  (1915, 1921; novel). Translated as The Changeling (Lagerlöf novel) (Susanna Stevens, 1992)
  (1918; novel).Translated as The Outcast (Lagerlöf novel) (W. Worster, 1920/22)
  (1918; novel), with illustrations by Einar Nerman
  (1920; non-fiction), biography of Zachris Topelius
  (1922; memoir). Translated as Marbacka: The Story of a Manor (V.S. Howard, 1924) and Memories of Marbacka (Greta Andersen, 1996) – named for the estate Mårbacka where Lagerlöf was born and raised
The Ring trilogy – published in 1931 as The Ring of the Löwenskölds, containing the Martin and Howard translations,
 Löwensköldska ringen (1925; novel). Translated as The General's Ring (Francesca Martin, 1928) and as The Löwensköld Ring (Linda Schenck, 1991)
 Charlotte Löwensköld (1925; novel). Translated as Charlotte Löwensköld (V.S. Howard)
 Anna Svärd (1928; novel). Translated as Anna Svärd (V.S.Howard, 1931)
  (1929; play), based on 1899 work
  (1930; short stories)
  (1930; memoir). Translated as Memories of My Childhood (Lagerlöf) Further Years at Mårbacka (V.S. Howard, 1934)
  (1932; memoir). Translated as The Diary of <mask> Lagerlöf (V.S. Howard, 1936)
  (1933; short stories). Translated as Harvest (book) (Florence and Naboth Hedin, 1935)
  (1936)
  (1936)
  (1943–45)
  (1959)
  (1984)

Works about <mask> Lagerlöf
Berendsohn, Walter A., <mask> Lagerlöf: Her Life and Work (adapted from the German by George F. Timpson) – London : Nicholson & Watson, 1931
Wägner, Elin, <mask> Lagerlöf I (1942) and <mask> Lagerlöf II (1943)
Vrieze, Folkerdina Stientje de, Fact and Fiction in the Autobiographical Works of <mask> Lagerlof – Assen, Netherlands : Van Gorcum, 1958
Nelson, Anne Theodora, The Critical Reception of <mask> Lagerlöf in France – Evanston, Ill., 1962
Victor Folke Nelson, The Mårbacka Edition of the Works of <mask> Lagerlöf in The Saturday Review of Literature, 1929. Olson-Buckner, Elsa, The epic tradition in Gösta Berlings saga – Brooklyn, N.Y. : Theodore Gaus, 1978
Edström, Vivi, <mask> Lagerlöf (trans.by Barbara Lide) – Boston : Twayne Publishers, 1984
Madler, Jennifer Lynn, The Literary Response of German-language Authors to <mask> Lagerlöf – Urbana, Ill. : University of Illinois, 1998
De Noma, Elizabeth Ann, Multiple Melodrama: the Making and Remaking of Three Selma Lagerlöf Narratives in the Silent Era and the 1940s – Ann Arbor, Mich. : UMI Research Press, cop. 2000
Watson, Jennifer, Swedish Novelist <mask> Lagerlöf, 1858–1940, and Germany at the Turn of the Century: O du Stern ob meinem Garten – Lewiston, NY : Edwin Mellen Press, 2004

See also
 List of female Nobel laureates

References

Further reading

External links

 portrait in old age

Resources

 List of Works

 The background to the writing of The Wonderful Adventures of Nils

Works online

 Works by <mask> Lagerlöf at Project Runeberg
 Works by <mask> Lagerlöf at Swedish Literature Bank

1858 births
1940 deaths
People from Sunne Municipality
Writers from Värmland
Swedish women novelists
Swedish-language writers
19th-century Swedish novelists
Nobel laureates in Literature
Members of the Swedish Academy
Swedish Christian pacifists
Christian writers
Swedish feminists
Swedish suffragists
Liberals (Sweden) politicians
Swedish Lutherans
Swedish Nobel laureates
LGBT writers from Sweden
LGBT Lutherans
LGBT Nobel laureates
Women Nobel laureates
Swedish children's writers
Swedish women children's writers
20th-century Swedish novelists
Swedish short story writers

masks:
Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlö
Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlö
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma
Selma


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<mask> (2 March 1905 – 25 November 1985) was a British poet, writer, editor, critic, exhibition curator, anthologist and naturalist. In the 1930s he was editor of the influential magazine New Verse, and went on to produce 13 collections of his own poetry, as well as compiling numerous anthologies, among many published works on subjects including art, travel and the countryside. <mask> exhibited in the London International Surrealist Exhibition at New Burlington Galleries in 1936, and in 1946 co-founded the Institute of Contemporary Arts. <mask>'s autobiography The Crest on the Silver was published in 1950. At various times he was involved in teaching, journalism and broadcasting. Fiercely combative, he made many literary enemies. Life and work
<mask> was born at the vicarage in Pelynt, a village near Looe in Cornwall.His childhood in rural Cornwall had a significant influence on his poetry and writing. As a boy, his love of objects of nature (plants, bones and stones) was sparked at the house of family friends at Polperro who were painters and amateur naturalists. He was educated at St John's School, Leatherhead, and at St Edmund Hall, Oxford. After graduating from Oxford University, <mask> took a job at the London office of the Yorkshire Post, from where he moved on to become literary editor of the Morning Post. He first came to prominence in the 1930s as a poet, then as editor from 1933 to 1939 of the influential poetry magazine New Verse. Among important works by many influential poets — notably Louis MacNeice, Stephen Spender, Dylan Thomas, W. H. Auden, Paul Éluard and <mask> himself — New Verse featured concrete poetry by the sculptor Alberto Giacometti (translated by David Gascoyne) and folk poetry from tribal villages of the Jagdalpür Tahsil district of Bastar State, Chhattisgarh, transcribed from the Halbi language by <mask>'s brother Wilfrid <mask>. During this period, Grigson published some of his own poetry under the pseudonym Martin Boldero.An anthology of poems that appeared in the first 30 issues of New Verse was published in hardback by Faber & Faber in 1939, and re-published in 1942; the second edition states that the first "came out on the day war was declared". During World War II <mask> worked in the editorial department of the BBC Monitoring Service at Wood Norton near Evesham, Worcestershire, and as a talks producer for the BBC at Bristol. In 1946 <mask> was one of the founders of the Institute of Contemporary Arts (ICA) in London, together with Roland Penrose, Herbert Read, Peter Watson and Peter Gregory. In 1951 <mask> curated an exhibition of drawings and watercolours drawn from the British Council Collection, which for three decades toured worldwide to 57 art galleries and museums. The exhibition consisted of more than 100 works, including those of David Bomberg, Edward Burra, Cecil Collins, John Craxton, Frances Hodgkins, Barbara Hepworth, Augustus John, David Jones, Wyndham Lewis, John Minton, Henry Moore, Paul Nash, Ben Nicholson, Eduardo Paolozzi, John Piper, Graham Sutherland and Edward Wadsworth. Later in life he was a noted critic, reviewer (for the New York Review of Books in particular), and compiler of numerous poetry anthologies. He published 13 collections of poetry, and wrote on travel, on art (notably works on Samuel Palmer, Wyndham Lewis and Henry Moore; he also had a volatile friendship with the painter John Piper), on the English countryside, and on botany, among other subjects.In 1951, he was General Editor of the 13-volume About Britain series of regional guidebooks published by William Collins to coincide with the Festival of Britain. After the repression of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, at the initiative of Stephen Spender, <mask> joined a group of British writers and artists who applied for visas to visit dissidents in Hungary. The visas were refused. <mask> was the castaway featured in an edition of Roy Plomley's Desert Island Discs on BBC Radio 4 first broadcast on 16 October 1982. In 1984, he was interviewed by Hermione Lee in an edition of Channel 4's Book Four. <mask> in his later life lived partly in Wiltshire, England, and partly in a cave house in Trôo, a troglodyte village in the Loir-et-Cher département in France, which features in his poetry. He died in 1985 in Broad Town, Wiltshire, and is buried there in Christ Church churchyard.Family
Born in 1905, <mask> was the youngest of seven sons of Canon William Shuckforth <mask> (1845–1930), a Norfolk clergyman who had settled in Cornwall as vicar of Pelynt, and Mary Beatrice Boldero, herself the daughter of a clergyman. The inscription on his father's slate headstone in Pelynt Churchyard is the work of Eric Gill, 1931. Five of <mask>'s six brothers died serving in the First and Second World Wars, among them <mask>. This was one of the highest rates of mortality suffered by any British family during the conflicts of the 20th century. <mask>'s one surviving brother, Wilfrid <mask>, was killed in an air crash in 1948 while serving as a post-Partition official in Pakistan. <mask>'s first wife was Frances Franklin Galt (who died in 1937 of tuberculosis). With her, he founded the poetry magazine New Verse.They had one daughter, Caroline (who was married to designer Colin Banks). With his second wife, Berta Emma Kunert, Grigson had two children, Anna and <mask>. Following divorce from his second wife, Grigson married <mask>, née McIntire (1928–90). Their daughter is <mask>. Among Grigson's grandchildren is the political scientist Giacomo Benedetto. Honours and legacy
Grigson was awarded the Duff Cooper Prize for his 1971 volume of poetry Discoveries of Bones and Stones. A collection of tributes entitled Grigson at Eighty, compiled by R. M. Healey (Cambridge: Rampant Lions Press), was published in 1985, the year of his death.In 2005, to mark the centenary of <mask>'s birth a conference was held at St Edmund Hall, Oxford. In 2007 Pallant House Gallery in Chichester presented the exhibition Poets in the Landscape: The Romantic Spirit in British Art. The exhibition explored "the creative links between poetry, the pastoral vision and British art in the work of Romantic artists of the 18th and 19th centuries, and the Neo-Romantic artists of the mid-20th century", with exhibits of <mask>’s anthology The Poet's Eye, featuring lithographs by John Craxton, and copies of New Verse. In 2017 the British Museum presented a major exhibition of British landscape paintings from the century following the death of J. M. W. Turner. The exhibition title was "borrowed from the poet and critic <mask>'s 1949 collection of essays Places of the Mind", and, in doing so, "acknowledges how every landscape drawing is a construct of the mind and imagination of its creator". Works

New Verse: An Anthology (1942 edition)
Compiled by Grigson. Poets included were:

C. Day-Lewis – Bernard Spencer – Philip O'Connor – Louis MacNeice – George Barker – Kathleen Raine – Frederic Prokosch – A. J.Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi, 2002. (Contains a comprehensive <mask> bibliography.) Ostrom, Hans. "The Mint," in British Literary Magazines: The Modern Age, 1914–1984. Ed. Alvin Sullivan. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1986, 264–267.(Grigson edited The Mint.) External links
 <mask> page at Faber. "<mask> – alumnus of St Edmund Hall, Oxford". Julian Symons, "<mask>, <mask> Harvey (1905–1985)", rev. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2009, accessed 2 December 2013. "<mask> – Poet, writer, critic, broadcaster, 1905–1985" at colander.org
 I. Woncewas, "A Centenary Reconsideration: Thinking About <mask>". Parameter Magazine."Correspondence. William Empson and <mask>son on climbers, criticism, and the morality of rudeness", Poetry Foundation. "<mask>son" at My Poetic Side. 1905 births
1985 deaths
English literary critics
People from Pelynt
Poets from Cornwall
People educated at St John's School, Leatherhead
Alumni of St Edmund Hall, Oxford
20th-century English poets
Anthologists
English essayists
English naturalists
20th-century essayists
20th-century male writers
20th-century naturalists

masks:
Geoffrey Edward Harvey Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
John Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Geoffrey Grigson
Lionel Grigson
Jane Grigson
Sophie Grigson
Grigson
Grigson
Geoffrey Grigson
Geoffrey Grigson
Geoffrey Grigson
Geoffrey Grigson
Grigson
Geoffrey Edward
Geoffrey Grigson
Geoffrey Grigson
Geoffrey Grig
Geoffrey Grig


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<mask> (born December 15, 1987), best known as <mask>, is an American professional boxer. He has held multiple world championships in four weight classes, including the lineal junior welterweight title from 2018 to 2020; previously he held the WBO and Ring magazine featherweight titles in 2013, the WBO junior lightweight title from 2013 to 2014, the WBC and IBF lightweight titles between 2017 and 2019, and the IBF junior welterweight title in 2018. He has also challenged once for the IBF welterweight title in 2019. Early life and education
Born to Mexican parents, Miguel Angel's father, Eduardo, was an amateur boxer and trainer of world champion boxer Fernando Vargas at La Colonia Youth Boxing Club. His older brother, Roberto was a professional boxer and a former IBF Super Featherweight Champion who lost his belt to the late Diego Corrales. His oldest brother, Daniel, was a boxer and trainer. He has been featured on ABC's show American Latino TV and he talked about balancing studies with the demands of boxing.<mask> has said he grew up in a "gang-related neighborhood" in Oxnard, California. <mask> said that his parents were both strawberry pickers. Amateur career

<mask> started his amateur career at the age of fourteen. In 2003, he won a silver medal at the National Junior Olympic Championships in the 125 lb division. In 2004, he won a gold medal at the National Junior Golden Gloves Championships and a silver medal at the National Police Athletic League Championships, both in the 132 lb division. In 2005, he won a bronze medal at the National Golden Gloves Championships and a gold medal at the National Police Athletic League Championships, both in the 132 lb division. Amateur highlights
2003 National Junior Olympic Championships (Silver Medal, 125 lbs)
2004 National Junior Golden Gloves Championships (Gold Medal, 132 lbs)
2004 National Police Athletic League Championships (Silver Medal, 132 lbs)
2005 National Golden Gloves Championships (Bronze Medal, 132 lbs)
2005 National Police Athletic League Championships (Gold Medal, 132 lbs)

Professional career

Featherweight

Early career
<mask> is known as a patient fighter with good punching power, a natural right-hander who likes to switch to southpaw during some of his fights.He turned pro in 2006 and signed with Bob Arum's Top Rank. <mask> was undefeated in his first 20 professional fights with 17 of them coming by way of knockout. In April 2010, <mask> <mask> beat the veteran Tomas Villa by T.K.O. in the first round, to win the USBA Featherweight Championship. He then beat Matt Remillard to win the WBO NABO Featherweight Championship. This would not only be the last boxing bout but also the last event Nick Charles would broadcast, Charles would die a few days later from cancer. In his next fight HBO asked <mask> to turn down a world title shot against Billy Dib to fight on the undercard of Julio César Chávez, Jr. vs. Sebastian Zbik.After his win over Rafaël Guzmán, <mask> sent his well wishes to Genaro Hernández who was struggling with cancer, Hernández would die a few days later. Months later he beat Juan Carlos Martinez in under four rounds at the Madison Square Garden in New York City. <mask> vs. Salido
<mask>'s first major step up in competition came on January 19, 2013 against WBO Featherweight champion and Ring No. 1 ranked featherweight, Orlando Salido. His fight with Salido was originally supposed to happen on November 10, 2012 at Wynn Las Vegas but Salido broke his finger and had to pull out of the fight with <mask> fighting Jonathan Victor Barros as a late replacement. <mask> would get his chance again In front of a near sell out crowd of 4,850 at The Theater at Madison Square Garden in New York City, <mask> dominated the bout from the very beginning, keeping Salido at range with the jab. <mask> knocked Salido down four times early on in the fight, building up a large lead on the scorecards.During the 8th round, Salido accidentally clashed heads with <mask>, causing <mask>'s nose to break. The fight was stopped between rounds, with the decision going to the scorecards. <mask> won with the scores of 79–70, 79–69, 79–69 to win his first world title. Speaking of the headbutt, <mask> said, "I had the perfect fight going on. I was beating him up good, and then he drove his head into my face -- but it was accidental." <mask> earned a career-high $220,000 purse for the fight. <mask> vs. <mask> was scheduled to make his first title defense against Juan Manuel López in Dallas on June 15, 2013.<mask> failed to make 126 lb weight limit coming in two pounds overweight. He was stripped of the title. The fight went ahead after <mask> paid Lopez a penalty of $150,000 for missing weight. <mask> claimed the reason for not making weight was due to missing several days of training. On fight night, <mask> re-hydrated to 142 pounds, whilst Lopez weighed 137.5 pounds on the HBO scales. In front of a crowd of 5,605 at the American Airlines Center in Dallas, Texas, <mask> dominated the fight from the opening bell, dropping Lopez in round 2 following a right straight hand. In round 4, <mask> landed a left hook to Lopez, knocking him down again.At 1 minute and 35 seconds of round 4, referee Raphael Ramos waved the fight off, giving <mask> the win. After the fight, <mask> said, "I was able to land my jab and stand pretty comfortable. When I knocked him down, that gave me confidence that I could put him out early." <mask> landed 53 punches, with 40 of them being jabs. Super featherweight

<mask> vs. Martínez
On August 1, 2013 the WBO ordered their junior lightweight champion Román Martínez (27–1–2, 16 KOs) to make a mandatory defence against <mask>. On September 9, the date of the purse bid, a deal was set for the fight to take place on November 9 at the American Bank Center in Corpus Christi, Texas. The attendance was announced as 5,124.<mask> went down in the second round from a Martínez counter right hand. <mask>, however, recovered and dominated the rest of the fight before knocking out Martínez with a left hook to the body in the eighth round. Speaking off the knockout punch, <mask> said, "I thought it was a very good punch when I landed it. I felt I really hurt him, enough to where he wouldn't get up. I had a feeling it would be over after I connected." <mask> landed nearly half of his total 127 power punches. This included 52 punches landed in the last three rounds compared to 8 landed by Martínez.The victory meant <mask> became a two weight world champion. <mask> vs. Burgos
On December 14, 2013 it was announced that <mask> would make his first title defense against mandatory challenger, 25 year old Mexican boxer Juan Carlos Burgos (30–1–2, 20 KOs). The fight was set for January 25, 2014 at the Theater at Madison Square Garden in New York City on a live double-header on HBO Boxing After Dark, with Bryant Jennings vs. Artur Szpilka as co-main event. Burgos was known to have fought to a split draw with former champion Román Martínez on the <mask>-Salido undercard in January 2013. <mask> went into the fight with a 11-fight knockout streak. After being staggered in the second round, <mask> took control of the fight and won close to every round for the remainder of the bout. At the end of the fight, <mask> won via unanimous decision (118–110, 118–110, 119–109), improving to 34–0.<mask> landed 163 of 567 punches thrown (29%) and Burgos landed 89 of his 564 thrown (16%). In the post fight interview, <mask> admitted he had trouble at the start, "His height gave me difficulty. But I found my range and I found my distance and that was it." Burgos snapped <mask>'s knockout streak which stretched back 4 years to 2010 and the fight also marked the first time <mask> saw out the 12 round distance. <mask> called out Yuriorkis Gamboa for a potential fight. The fight averaged 829,000 viewers and peaked at 911,000 viewers. Contract dispute with Top Rank
<mask> had been unhappy over his purses, which had been increasing to career-high six-figure levels fight after fight, sued Top Rank in April 2014 to get out of the agreement.Although in arbitration with his promoter, <mask> had expressed plans of returning to the ring under a new contract with Top Rank. On October 15, <mask> vacated his WBO title. He was due to make a mandatory defence against Interim champion Orlando Salido. <mask> also cited difficulty in making the 130 pound limit, the main reason he vacated. On April 8, 2016, it was confirmed that <mask> and Top Rank, who were locked in a dispute over his promotional contract, had reached a settlement, according to Bob Arum. Top Rank vice president Carl Moretti told ESPN.com. "All parties came to a mutual agreement, details of that agreement are a confidential matter.We all move on and do what we do." Although <mask>'s Top Rank contract was up in August, they reached a deal. Light welterweight

<mask> vs. Rojas
Top Rank announced on June 28, 2016, after 2 and a half years off, <mask> would be returning to the boxing ring against former world featherweight titleholder Elio Rojas on July 30 on Showtime in a 10-round bout at Barclays Center in Brooklyn on the undercard of Santa-Cruz-Frampton. This would be a one-fight deal with promoter Lou DiBella and Showtime. They met at approximately 138 pounds. The weight had not been contractually hashed out, however <mask> planned to move down with the hopes of challenging for a world title in the 135-pound lightweight division. <mask> scored four knockdowns, before finishing Rojas in the 5th round via knockout.<mask> hit Rojas face-first with a left hand and dropping him with a right uppercut-left hook combination. Rojas, who was only fighting for the second time in four years, beat the count, but referee Claudio waved it off at 2 minutes, 2 seconds. After the fight, <mask> said, "I think it was a very good performance. Even though I've been out for two-and-a-half years, people haven't forgotten about me. I did miss [boxing], but the time off helped me regain that fire." CompuBox stats showed that <mask> landed 53 of 162 punches thrown (42%) and Rojas landed 47 of 168 thrown (28%). Rojas came off a 23-month lay-off.The fight averaged 427,000 viewers. Lightweight

<mask> vs. Zlatičanin
<mask> announced he would be fighting at lightweight to challenge undefeated WBC champion Dejan Zlatičanin (22–0, 15 KOs). Zlatičanin claimed the vacant title by knocking out Franklin Mamani in June and also holds decision victories over the likes of Petr Petrov and former multiple weight world champion Ricky Burns. The fight would take place at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas and again serve as a co-feature to the anticipated rematch between Carl Frampton and Leo Santa Cruz on January 28, 2017. <mask> stopped Zlatičanin in round three to win the title and give Zlaticanin his first professional defeat. The end came after <mask> hit a two punch combination starting with an uppercut which led Zlatičanin open for a final right hook which dropped him backwards on the floor, a knockout of the year candidate. The referee stopped the fight immediately.<mask> became a three-weight world champion with this knockout win. <mask>'s purse for the fight was $375,000 compared to the $320,000 that Zlatičanin received. In the post fight interview, <mask> said that he would like to unify the division and also mentioned fighting undefeated Terence Crawford at light welterweight. <mask> landed 50 punches of 176 thrown (28%), whilst Zlatičanin landed only 16 of 60 (27%). The fight averaged 544,000 and peaked at 617,000 viewers. Return to light welterweight

<mask> vs. Broner
On May 25, 2017 it was announced that talks were underway for a fight between <mask> and four-weight world champion Adrien Broner on July 29, 2017 at Barclays Center in Brooklyn. A deal which would include a catchweight of 140 pounds, the super lightweight limit, with Showtime the likely network to broadcast the fight.On Monday, May 22, Broner was sentenced to 72 hours at the Kenton County Detention Center in Covington, Kentucky, on a contempt charge, after failing to make multiple court appearances. <mask> said he would be returning to lightweight after the fight, adding that the Broner fight was 'too good and too lucrative' to pass up. If Broner missed weight, he would be fined $500,000. He said he would be more disciplined because he won't give up half a million dollars and claimed he had a reason to not miss weight. On July 20, 8 days before the official weigh in, Broner reportedly weighed 144 pounds and said that he would 'comfortably make weight tomorrow'. On July 21, the WBC announced that their Diamond light welterweight title would be at stake for the fight. <mask> weighed in a career high 139.5 pounds and more than Broner, who weighed 138.7 pounds.<mask> won the fight by unanimous decision with the three judges scoring the fight 117–111, 116–112, 116–112. The fight started

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 tentatively, with both boxers landing few punches in the opening round. But over the course of the fight, <mask> took over and by the championship rounds he was significantly outpacing Broner in punches landed and thrown. ESPN scored the fight 120–108 shutout win for <mask>. In the post fight interviews, <mask> praised his performance and Broner, "This is definitely one of my best performances ever. I think I controlled the fight in the early rounds and I kept the activity up. Broner is a great fighter who has great skills.I was the superior fighter tonight." Broner was humble in defeat, but stated that he had to catch <mask>, who he claimed was running, "It was a good fight. At the end of the day, I come to fight, I come to win and I put my heart on the line. It was Tom & Jerry – I had to catch the mouse." Both fighters earned a $1 million purse for the fight. CompuBox statistics showed that <mask> was the more active boxer, landing 244 of 783 punches (31%), Broner landed only 125 of 400 thrown (31%). <mask> threw over 200 punches in the last four rounds alone, trying to get the stoppage win.<mask> said he was open to any boxer coming over to showtime, whether that be at 135, 140 or even 147 pounds. The fight drew an average 881,000 viewers on Showtime and peaked at 937,000 viewers, making it the most watched fight on Showtime since Deontay Wilder defeated Bermane Stiverne to win the WBC heavyweight title in January 2015. That fight drew an average of 1.24 million. <mask> vs. Lipinets
In early September 2017, <mask> took to social media and called out four-weight world champion Miguel Cotto for a fight in December, possibly being Cotto's final fight. <mask>'s trainer and brother Roberto explained that it was his friend Rudy Hernandez who first mentioned taking Mikey up to 154 pounds for a one off fight. On September 21, he reiterated his desire to move up to 154 to be Cotto's final foe. Cotto's trainer was also open for the fight to take place.<mask> said if <mask> is unable to land a fight with Cotto, he could potentially fight Robert Easter Jr. in a unification fight in December. On October 5, the WBC ordered a fight between <mask> and Jorge Linares (43-3, 27 KOs), as Linares holds the WBC Diamond title, in addition to the WBA lightweight title. <mask> commented on Twitter that the Cotto fight couldn't happen as Golden Boy Promotions required him signing an exclusive long-term contract with them in order to make the fight. <mask> also mentioned that the fight with Linares wouldn't happen before the end of the year as Linares was unavailable on December. Lance Pugmire reported for the Los Angeles Times that <mask> would most likely return on December or January against Robert Easter Jr.

Eric Gomez, president of Golden Boy sent out a message to <mask> stating if he wanted the fight with Linares, it could be made, without any add-ons to the contract. <mask> later replied, "No need to put it out [in] public. You also have my number, I'll call you later bro."Gomez later announced that <mask> had rejected their offer for a one-fight agreement with a 50-50 purse split. <mask> said he had received a more lucrative offer. He said, "I have more options, in fact [...] the guaranteed purse is better[...] just as Golden Boy is looking to do what's best for their company, I am also looking to do what's best for me." On December 14, 2017 RingTV.com announced that <mask> would next challenge recently crowned IBF light welterweight champion Sergey Lipinets (13-0, 10 KOs) on February 10, 2018 on Showtime for a package reportedly worth approximately $3.5 million. According to early reports, the fight was likely to take place at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas. WBC president Sulaiman announced that <mask> would keep his lightweight title regardless of the result. On January 17, 2018 it was reported the fight would be postponed due to Lipinets suffering a hand injury whilst in training.Lipinets co-manager, Alex Vaysfeld stated the hand injury occurred in December 2017 and Lipinets had begged him not to postpone the fight. A doctors report suggested he could be out for a month. A few days later, the fight was rescheduled to take place on March 10. The bout would remain in San Antonio, however the Freeman Coliseum was announced as the new venue. <mask> dropped Lipinets in round 7, en route to becoming a four-weight world champion via unanimous decision after 12 rounds. The final scorecards read 116-111, 117-110 and 117-110 in favor of <mask>. Many of the rounds were close with <mask> doing more to win each round.Lipinets landed the harder punches. <mask> came in to the fight with a gameplan knowing Lipinets was the bigger man, he used different angles behind his jab and remained patient. A left hook to Lipinets's face dropped him for the first time in his professional career. Lipinets managed to get up and finish the round on steady legs. CompuBox Stats showed that <mask> landed 169 of 679 total punches (25%) and Lipinets landed 144 of his 509 thrown (28%). <mask> landed 46% of his power punches; 92 to Lipinets' 73. With the victory, <mask> also became the lineal light welterweight champion and joined Manny Pacquiao and Juan Manuel Marquez as the only fighters in history to win titles at 126, 130, 135 and 140 pounds.The fight averaged 618,000 viewers and peaked at 689,000 viewers on Showtime. Return to lightweight

<mask> vs. Easter
On March 12, 2018, the IBF wrote to <mask>, giving him until March 22 to decide whether he wants to keep his IBF title at light welterweight as they had a mandatory challenger, Ivan Baranchyk (18–0, 11 KOs) lined up next. On April 17, <mask> vacated the IBF title, confirming he would drop back to lightweight to defend his WBC title. On April 24, WBC president Sulaiman stated <mask> would participate in a lightweight unification with IBF beltholder Robert Easter Jr. in the summer. On May 1, it was reported that the fight would likely take place in July or August at the Staples Center in Los Angeles. On May 4, it was reported that <mask> was close to signing a deal with UFC president Dana White's Zuffa Boxing promotions. July 28 was later confirmed as the fight date.Before a crowd of 12,560, <mask> dropped Easter in round 3 on his way to a unanimous decision win with scores of 116–111, 117–110 and 118–109, to become the unified WBC and IBF lightweight champion. The fight started with Easter using his distance well to keep <mask> at arms reach. In round 3, <mask> knocked Easter down with a left hook to the head. <mask> did not seem to struggle to get close as Easter, who was using his long jab effectively as <mask> himself was also managing to land his jab, despite the reach disadvantage. From round 6, <mask> controlled the fight. It appeared that Easter became wary of <mask>'s power and began to fight more cautiously. Both fighters traded in round 9 with <mask> landing hard shots to the body and Easter landing with his left hand.In rounds 10 and 11, Easter took punishment against the ropes. <mask> then finished strong in the final round. CompuBox showed that <mask> outlanded him 95–34 in total punches over the final four rounds. Overall, <mask> landed 176 punches of 555 thrown (32%) and Easter landed 129 of  his 507 (25%). Easter landed 89 of 343 jabs, however he had more success in the first half of the fight. On unifying, <mask> said, "It's a great accomplishment. Now we're back.I told you guys I was coming for bigger things and now we're one step closer to achieving that. I knew he was a tough opponent. He's a tough warrior. He gave a great fight, but I was the better fighter. I was in control of the fight and I did what I had to do to win." Easter was humble in defeat and gave full credit to <mask>, "He was just a better man tonight. I take my hat off to Mikey.He's a true warrior. Whenever we step in the ring, we are both putting our lives on the line, and tonight <mask> was victorious. I just couldn't find the timing and I just couldn't let my right hand go." <mask> also re-iterated his desire to fight IBF welterweight champion Errol Spence Jr. by the end of 2018. Spence, who was sat ringside also admitted the fight was too big to turn down and would not be hard to make. <mask> reportedly earned around a $1 million purse. The fight averaged 680,000 viewers and peaked at 725,000 viewers.Welterweight

<mask> vs. Spence
On July 31, 2018, the IBF ordered <mask> to defend his newly-won title against mandatory challenger Richard Commey (26–2, 23 KOs), with a deal to be reached by August 30. Then-IBF champion Easter was ordered to fight Commey before March 30, 2018 however the IBF granted an exception for the <mask> unification bout as long as the winner satisfied their mandatory next. On October 19, Commey tweeted that the IBF had ordered the bout to go to purse bids as <mask> had not signed his side of the contract. On October 25, BoxingScene.com reported that negotiations between <mask> and Spence (24–0, 21 KOs) were progressing, with the fight likely to take place in February 2019 on Showtime PPV. On October 30, 2018, <mask> vacated his IBF lightweight title and the purse bid for the potential Commey fight was cancelled. On November 13, PBC made an official announcement for their 2019 schedule. It was announced the fight between <mask> and Spence would take place at the welterweight limit at the AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas on March 16, 2019 exclusively on FOX PPV.Many fans reacted to fight being announced. Some welcomed the fight and praised <mask> for 'daring to be great' and some fans believed the size difference would be too much as Spence is considered a big welterweight. Ultimately, <mask> was dominated by Spence in a convincing fashion, resulting in a 12 round unanimous decision for Spence in which <mask> failed to win a single round on all 3 fight scorecards. <mask> vs. Vargas
On February 29, 2020, <mask> returned to the ring in Frisco, Texas after a layoff of almost a year. In his second bout at welterweight, he faced former two-division world champion Jessie Vargas. Vargas was ranked #4 by the WBO at welterweight. In a hard-fought battle, <mask> dropped his opponent in the fifth round and earned a unanimous decision victory, with scores of 114-113, 116-111, and 116-111.CompuBox punch stats saw <mask> land 151 of 478 (32%) total punches thrown, while Vargas landed 142 punches of 671 (21%) total punches thrown. In his post-fight interview, <mask> stated his intentions to continue fighting in the welterweight division, saying, "I would love to fight against Manny Pacquiao, or a rematch with Errol Spence. I’m better now at this weight class. I want to continue to campaign at 147 [lbs] and seek a title in a fifth division.”

<mask> vs. Martin
After a layoff of almost twenty months since his last fight, <mask> returned to the ring to face European super lightweight champion Sandor Martin on October 16, 2021, in Fresno, California. Despite being the heavy pre-fight betting favorite, <mask> suffered his second professional defeat, when he was outboxed to a majority decision loss, with scores of 95–95, and 97–93 twice in favor of Martin. In his post-fight interview, <mask> offered his opinion on the fight: "I thought it was a good fight. He [Martin] fought a very good fight.I thought I did the necessary to close the gap, putting the pressure, looking for the fight. He was the one moving, running around a lot. He countered me a few times, but I was the one actively looking for the fight; I thought I was ahead on the cards." Summit for brain health
In February 2014, <mask>, along with Bernard Hopkins and a few other such (Jake Adams) athletes, attended a summit at the Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health at the United States Capitol, in support of furthering the research of preventing brain damage and other mental risks in competitive activity. The summit consisted of speeches about preventing brain damage and research to aid already suffering victims. Professional boxing record

Exhibition boxing record

Filmography

See also
Notable boxing families
List of boxing quadruple champions
List of featherweight boxing champions
List of super-featherweight boxing champions
List of lightweight boxing champions
List of light-welterweight boxing champions
List of Mexican boxing world champions

References

External links

<mask> <mask> - Profile, News Archive & Current Rankings at Box.Live

1987 births
Living people
World featherweight boxing champions
World super-featherweight boxing champions
World lightweight boxing champions
World light-welterweight boxing champions
World Boxing Organization champions
World Boxing Council champions
International Boxing Federation champions
The Ring (magazine) champions
American male boxers
American boxers of Mexican descent
Boxers from California
Sportspeople from Oxnard, California
Sportspeople from Ventura County,

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<mask> (17 January 1939 – 28 January 2008) (, born Christos Paraskevaidis, Χρήστος Παρασκευαΐδης) was Archbishop of Athens and All Greece and as such the primate of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Greece, from 1998 until his death, in 2008. Early life and career
<mask> was born in Xanthi, Thrace, Northern Greece in 1939. His civil name was Christos Paraskevaidis. When he was two years old, his family moved to Athens to escape German and Bulgarian occupation of the area during World War II. His father subsequently returned to Xanthi following the war and ran a successful bid for mayor. <mask> attended high school at the Roman Catholic Marist Leonteion Lyceum of Athens. He then studied law at the University of Athens, graduating in 1962, after having been ordained a deacon in the Orthodox Church in 1961.He also attended a graduate school at the University of Athens for a degree in theology. <mask> was ordained a priest in 1965 and graduated from the School of Theology in 1967. He worked as a parish priest in Palaio Faliro, a suburb of Athens, between 1965 and 1974. During that time he also became Chief Secretary of the Holy Synod of the Church of Greece. In 1974, he was elected bishop of Demetrias in Volos, Thessaly, a post which he held until his election as Archbishop of Athens in 1998. <mask> was a Doctor of Theology, had a degree in French and English, and also spoke Italian and German. He was the author of a number of theological books and received Honorary Doctorates from the University of Craiova and the University of Iasi.Due to <mask>' attending a Catholic high school, he felt open to dialogue between the Orthodox and Catholic churches having experienced both sides. Tenure as Archbishop
<mask> succeeded Archbishop Seraphim to the seat of the Prelate of the Greek church in 1998. At 59 years of age, he was the youngest Archbishop to head the Greek Church. His chief rivals in ballot were Metropolitan Anthimos of Alexandroupolis and Metropolitan Ieronymos of Thebes. The latter would eventually succeed him in 2008. Supporting the existing Church social services, he launched new services to face social issues such as the welfare of drug addicts and immigrants, the support for single mothers and abused women, the care for the victims of trafficking, the establishing of a chain of nurseries and infant schools, the provided assistance to poor families and families with many children. He also established "Solidarity", an NGO of the Church of Greece, which allowed a humanitarian intervention of the Church on an international level in the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe."Solidarity" caused several controversies, such as the case where it received 5.6 million Euros from the Greek State in order to send humanitarian relief to Iraq. Instead, "Solidarity" only spent 740 thousand Euros to buy food, which it kept in storage houses without ever sending it to Iraq, and kept the rest in a bank account. After the death of Archbishop <mask>, the Greek Church started an investigation of the financial activities of "Solidarity" and found gross irregularities. In 2003, he fell out with Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew over who should have the final say in the appointment of bishops in northern Greece. As a result, <mask>' name was stricken off the Diptych of the Church as a punishment. He was reinstated three months later, as the conflict seemed to be coming to a resolution. The rift was mended a month later.The visit of Pope John Paul II in Athens and Archbishop <mask>' visit to Pope Benedict XVI in Rome were significant steps towards the cause of Church unity. On May 20, 2001, Konstantinos Poulios (Κωνσταντίνος Πούλιος in Greek), an Old Calendarist, attacked <mask> and slapped him in the face, while the Archbishop was giving an interview to a TV crew outside the Metropolitan Cathedral of Athens. The attack was broadcast on live television; Poulios was arrested by <mask>' police bodyguards, but in the end he faced no charges. Views

Support for Serbia
The Archbishop played a leading role in supporting Serbia (a mainly Orthodox country), and stoking public opposition to NATO and the Kosovo War of 1999 in which Greece, as a NATO member, played a significant, though largely non-interventionist, role. He also spoke out strongly against the intention of the Greek government under Costas Simitis to follow EU directives, especially where they clashed with what he regarded as traditional Greek policies. Shortly after his swearing in, <mask> stated that it was "a disgrace for the modern Greeks to decide on the basis of what directives from Brussels might ask, at one time or another. Identity cards controversy
In 2000, a major clash between church and state erupted when the then Greek socialist government sought to follow a decision of the Greek Data Protection Authority, by removing the "Religion" field from the national ID cards carried by Greek citizens.<mask> opposed the decision, complaining that socialist prime minister Costas Simitis did not consult with the Greek Church on the matter and saying that it was part of a wider plan to marginalise the Church from Greek public life; he also stated that the decision was "put forward by neo-intellectuals who want to attack us like rabid dogs and tear at our flesh". The archbishop organised two demonstrations in Athens and Thessaloniki, alongside a majority of bishops of the Church of Greece, supporting the inclusion of religious data on a voluntary basis, and asked for a referendum on the matter. For this purpose, he was greatly supported as more than three million Greek citizens signed and asked for a referendum. In 2001, <mask> prompted international criticism after saying that the ID decision had been instigated by Jews. The Central Board of the Jewish Community in Greece subsequently sent him a letter on 20 March 2001, asking him to clarify the matter and expressing their opposition to the mandatory writing of religious status in identity cards. The Archbishop replied in a letter that his source was the official web site of the USA Jewish Community where it was stated that the US Jewish Community had asked the Greek Government to remove religious status from Greek identity cards. He also said that in Israel, the writing of religious status in identity cards is mandatory.The official position of the Greek Church became that the writing of religious status on identity cards should be optional. However, the Greek Government proceeded to remove the writing of religious status completely from new identity cards. Military junta
It emerged the same year that despite <mask>' saying that he had no knowledge of nor involvement with human rights violations by the Greek military junta of 1967-1974, because those seven years he was busy studying to become a priest, he had been present in the swearing-in ceremony of the new regime while he held the office of Arch-Secretary of the "Holy Synod", the collective council of Metropolitan bishops of the Church of Greece. At the same time, he was serving as chief advisor to Archbishop Hieronymus, a regime appointee and supporter. Ecumenical relations
<mask> consented in 2001 to the Greek government's decision to allow Pope John Paul II to visit Greece. He commented that he would not "close the door" on the Pope, because he was coming to the country as a pilgrim. The two men met for discussions during the Papal visit in May 2001, though they did not pray together.<mask>' decision led to major controversy in Greece, where many Orthodox Christians regard the Pope (and the Catholic Church as a whole) as a schismatic heretic. He also consented in 2002 to the construction of a mosque in Athens, to end the fact that Athens is the only EU capital without a Muslim place of worship. On the other hand, he asked that the mosque will be outside the city center, a wish that was granted by the government who chose a site 20 km outside Athens against the wishes of the Muslim community. Archbishop <mask> visited Pope Benedict XVI in Rome in 2006. They issued a common proclamation together that included the statement that: "We look forward to a fruitful collaboration to enable our contemporaries to rediscover the Christian roots of the European Continent which forged the different nations and contributed to developing increasingly harmonious links between them. This will help them live and promote the fundamental human and spiritual values for all people, as well as the development of their own societies"

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In 2006, Greek newspapers reported the Archbishop's displeasure at a decision by the centre-right government of New Democracy under Kostas Karamanlis to discontinue the practice of allowing Greek Orthodox priests to use public schools for confessionary purposes. Until then, calling in priests to hold private confession sessions within schools, was at the discretion of local educational authorities; the sessions took place on a voluntary basis for children.Greek media reported that the Archbishop characterised the move a "hostile act" against the Church, while the Synod of the Greek Orthodox Church, presided by <mask>, sent a letter of complaint to the Ministry for National Education and Religious Affairs under Marietta Giannakou. The decision, however, was applauded by representatives of the Greek Teachers' Association, who supported it as a measure that safeguarded freedom of belief and fostered respect for cultural and religious differences in schools. Greek politics
<mask> supported views on Greek politics and culture that were criticized by The New York Times, an American newspaper, as conservative and nationalist and supported by others as "standing up" for Greece and Greek culture. He led protests in 2002 against Greece's version of the television programme Big Brother, urging followers to "pray for the young kids" on the shows and to "turn off our television sets". Greek history
The Archbishop attacked the authors of the Greek elementary schools' official state sixth-grade history book, accusing them of attempting to "enslave Greek youth" and conceal the Church's role in defending Greek national identity during Ottoman occupation. In reference to the same issue, he has castigated the "yannisaries" (i.e. traitors to the Greek nation) "who dare raise an audacious head and question unimpeachable things".The state issued textbook was later removed in 2007 by the Greek Government, after the Athens

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 Academy, a Legal Entity of Public Law supervised by the Ministry of National Education and Religion, as well as a number of Greek historians and intellectuals also criticised the book for historical inaccuracies. Globalization
The Archbishop was intensely critical of globalisation, to which he referred, on repeated occasions, in disparaging terms as a global, or alternatively, "foreigner" plot to deprive people of their national identities. In 2004 he criticized globalisation as a "bulldozer that is out to demolish everything, on account of those who want to rule the world without resistance or obstacles", adding that Greeks live in a paradise compared to other Europeans, because "they have a strong faith, they build churches, follow traditions, and resist globalisation". In 2006, he castigated globalisation as a "crime against humanity" and "a vehicle to Americanise the life of all humankind". He has also said that "globalisation wants to turn us into gruel, soup, sheep, or better yet, turkeys, so that we may be led with a cane". In 2002, he asked students in a Greek school whether they wanted to be "mince meat or meat", explaining that "foreigners want to turn us into the meat-grinder, while meat is a solid thing". On another occasion he stated that "the forces of Darkness cannot stand it [that Greece is a predominantly Orthodox country], and for this reason they want to decapitate it and flatten everything, by means of globalization, the novel deity that has appeared alongside another deity called human rights, and on account of which they expect us to curtail our own rights".In 2006, he decried the establishment of the monotonic orthography, as a "globalization plot" to impose "cultural uniformity" and "support the sale of multi-national Olivetti's typewriters". He also sarcastically referred to the lawmakers' "kindness of relieving our race from the darkness of Aristophanes", with regards to the same matter. Human rights
Some comments by the archbishop on human rights also raised controversy. During a 2006 speech,  <mask> stated that the Church is bound to "come into many conflicts with the movement for human rights", despite the fact "it not only does not oppose human rights, but supersedes them". His proposed reason for these conflicts is that "the Church cannot accept what the Lord of This World is promoting through the human rights movement : the abolishment of sin". The Archbishop has attributed human rights to a ploy by Satan on a second occasion, stating that "the forces of Darkness cannot stand it [that Greece is a predominantly Orthodox country], and for this reason they want to decapitate it and flatten everything, by means of globalization, the novel deity that has appeared alongside another deity called human rights, and on account of which they expect us to curtail our own rights". The Archbishop was also criticised for frequently judging the internal and foreign policies of the elected Greek governments, usually during sermons in the liturgy.In 1999, he complained during a sermon that the Education Ministries were "experimenting on students" with their continuous innovations on the educational system, causing the dissatisfaction of then Minister Gerasimos Arsenis, who was pushing substantial changes in secondary education at the time. Enlightenment philosophy
<mask> frequently criticized the principles and values of what he characterized "the atheist Enlightenment", and which he contrasted to Christian values. Turkey and the European Union
<mask> created a major controversy in 2003 when he denounced proposals to let Turkey enter the European Union, calling the Turks "barbarians". Despite the fact a number of Greeks are also opposed to Turkey's entrance (as, indeed, are many other Europeans), <mask>' statements were seen as an unwarranted intervention in foreign affairs, based on a discriminatory and racialist logic. Statements to the same effect had been made—and retracted—in the past by former Foreign Affairs Minister Theodoros Pangalos. The Archbishop was accused of fusing ethnic stereotypes and homophobic ideas when, on another occasion, he proclaimed that "Because we are not German, neither French, far more not English, but manful Greeks, we are Orthodox Christians". Relations between Greece and Europe
In 1998 he declared that "when our ancestors gave the lights of civilization, they [Europeans] were living up in trees".In 2003 he said that "history teaches us Europeans were always out to harm us. Long before the sack of Constantinople, Hellenism had been subjected to the horrible experience of the Franks, who wanted to achieve, by any means possible, its extinction." The latter sentence seems to indicate that the Archbishop extrapolates attitudes of the excommunicated Western sackers of 1204 AD, to all Western Europeans, of all times. September 11 attacks

After the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center, parts of the public were shocked to hear the Archbishop attribute the attacks to "despondent men" who acted "out of despair caused by the injustices of the Great Powers". Critics attacked the Archbishop for what they considered to constitute an underhanded justification of the terrorist act. <mask> denied the allegation and responded that he condemned the attacks. In the fifth anniversary of the attacks, in 2006, and while speaking to an audience of High School students, Christodoulos characterized the September 11, 2001 attacks "a hideous crime that cost the lives of thousands of innocent people" and attributed them to "man failing to discern between good and evil, and being unable to posit himself responsibly towards the problems of the world".Science
In 2004, <mask> published a brief article in, Efimerios, the journal of the Holy Synod of the Greek Church. This does not count as an official church document but does give a rare testimony about the official position of the Holy Synod. "All of us have once heard that "god has created the world ex-nihilo." This is for some people a problem. Not all are ready to accept this answer to the question, "how has the world been created?" The problem of who has created and how he has created the world is a central problem of our life. We all know the great progress that science has done in this domain.Many sciences complete each other in a common effort to discover the principles of life. We are grateful to science for its efforts to reach the limits of knowledge and throw light in all the secrets of creation. We, believers, should not fear the progress of science; on the contrary, we should expect conclusions and proposals from it which strengthen our faith. Nevertheless, we do not ignore that in the past, and precisely in the preceding century, the distrust of scripture came from certain laboratories and lasted a long time. It was the period of the myth that science is omnipotent and can give answers to the main human queries... Then, when one believes in the omnipotence of man on earth, comes accidents such as Challenger or Soviet Chernobyl to demonstrate the weakness of man... Science is a holy gift, but within limits. It stands in between physics and metaphysics. With the means of observation, experiment and mathematics, it tries to explore events that cannot be perceived.But its horizon is always limited. Nevertheless the query for atheist arguments in scientific results has not ceased even today to be a phenomenon, not of course in science laboratories, but in the imagination of some people who pretend that science has the status and authority to decide on whether God exists or not." Chrysopigi
In 1958 along with Kallinkos Karusos and Athanasios, Christodoulos established the religious fraternity Panagia Chrysopgigi. In 1973 via a royal edict, <mask> managed to lodge the fraternity of Chrysipigi on prime land just outside Athens. The edict also gave authority of the monastery, not to the local bishop, but to the Holy Synod itself. Illness
In June 2007, Archbishop <mask> was hospitalised in Aretaeion Hospital in Athens and diagnosed with colonic adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma in the right lobe of his liver. Following colonic tumor resection, transplantation specialist Andreas Tzakis of the University of Miami's Miller School of Medicine announced that the archbishop would be transferred to Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami in order to undergo a liver transplant.On October 8, 2007, however, the transplant was cancelled because of metastases and, following suggestions from his attending physicians, <mask> returned to Athens on October 26 for continued medical treatment. Death and burial

In his final days, the Archbishop refused to be hospitalised, preferring to remain at his home in Psychiko, where he died on 28 January 2008, one week and four days after his 69th birthday. After his death the Greek government announced a four-day national wake during which his body lay in state at the chapel of the Cathedral of the Annunciation. His funeral was held on 31 January 2008. It was presided over by the Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I, Patriarch Theophilos III of Jerusalem, Patriarch Theodore II of Alexandria, Patriarch Daniel of Romania, and was also attended by the Archbishop of Cyprus Chrysostomos II and the Archbishop of America Demetrios. The election of his successor was carried out by the Synod of the Metropolitans of the Church of Greece on 7 February 2008. Despite the criticism, Archbishop <mask> proved to be one of the most popular archbishops in Greek history, having a particular rapport with young people.Quotes
 The Archbishop has been taped saying, referring to the Justinian era of Christianity: Early Greek Christians blessed and honored the Ancient Greek temples, in which pagans and heathens dwelled, by recycling the materials (stones and dirt) from the Ancient Greek Temples to build Christian temples. See also
 List of Archbishops of Athens

Notes and references

External links
 The Church of Greece: The Archbishop
 The Archbishop at the World Council of Churches
 Obituary in The Times, January 29, 2008

1939 births
2008 deaths
People from Xanthi
Archbishops of Athens and All Greece
Deaths from liver cancer
Deaths from cancer in Greece
Eastern Orthodox Christians from Greece
Members of the Church of Greece
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens alumni
20th-century Eastern Orthodox archbishops
21st-century Eastern Orthodox archbishops
Burials at the First Cemetery of

masks: Christodoulos Christodoulos Christodoulos Christodoulos Christodoulos Christodoulos Christodoulos Christodoulos Christodoulos Christodoulos


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<mask>  (born December 1, 1976) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 2011 election. He represents the electoral district of Central Okanagan—Similkameen—Nicola as a member of the Conservative Party. In the 41st Canadian Parliament, <mask> was appointed to the Standing Committee on Transport, Infrastructure and Communities and introduced one piece of legislation, a private members bill called An Act to amend the Importation of Intoxicating Liquors Act (interprovincial importation of wine for personal use) which would allow individuals to import wine from another province for the purpose of personal consumption. Background
Born in 1976, <mask>' family moved to Penticton when he was three years old. With his two sisters, he was raised in mostly in Penticton by a father who worked as a lawyer and was active in conservative politics and a mother who worked as a social worker. The family spent a short time living in Whitehorse, Yukon, but moved to Alberta to seek medical treatment after an accident left <mask> with severe burns over much of his body. They moved back to Penticton where Albas attended Penticton Secondary School and Okanagan University College.He worked as a martial arts instructor and in the late-1990s he opened his own martial arts studio, Kick City Martial Arts (later renamed Premier Martial Arts). In 2005 his studio held a fund-raiser in which pledges were taken by students who would break boards with martial arts moves in support of a Hurricane Katrina-related charity. The Penticton and Wine Country Chamber of Commerce named Albas the 2005 young entrepreneur of the year. In the same year <mask> became a board member on the Chamber of Commerce and was appointed to represent the region on the British Columbia Chamber of Commerce. He helped merge the independent Chambers of Commerce in Penticton, Okanagan Falls, Oliver and Osoyoos into the South Okanagan Chamber of Commerce. He ran the regional United Way fund-raising campaign in 2007 and again in 2010. In 2008 he became active with a community group called the Penticton Housing Coalition advocating for affordable housing in the city, like secondary suites.Municipal politics
In the 2008 local government elections the 31-year-old Albas ran, and placed first with 5,656 votes, for a seat on the Penticton City Council. Albas became known as the most fiscally-conservative councillor on an already fiscally-conservative council. Beyond the measures agreed to by the council, Albas sought to avoid having the city purchase or pay for a fire-rescue boat, the restoration of the SS Sicamous, landscaping improvements at the South Okanagan Events Centre and the beaches, mobile radar speed signs, building an agricultural centre in the downtown area and unsuccessfully tried to defer the hiring of additional fire department officers and eliminate a 2.1% raise in councillor salaries (though all were approved by council despite Albas opposing the motions). He voted against opening public library on Sundays to avoid the extra costs and against raising the electricity rate to match FortisBC rate increases (the city purchases power from FortisBC and sells it to citizens), and requiring developers who work with the city to have professional liability insurance, though all were approved by council. Initiatives that Albas began or assisted with included bylaw enforcement fines for aggressive pan-handling, keeping a Canada Post outlet in the downtown area. Believing public transit should be funded through user fees, he voted against acquiring new buses from BC Transit unless it was paid for through higher fares and later sought to raise fares by 25% to fund operational costs. He drew criticism as a councillor for interfering with staff management and for posting speculative comments on his blog regarding privatization of city services.<mask> was appointed to be a director at the Regional District of Okanagan-Similkameen where he was successful he reducing the Regional District's contribution to the Okanagan Film Commission by 50%; Albas became an alternate director in 2009 and 2010. Federal politics
In March 2011, after Stockwell Day, the MP for Okanagan—Coquihalla for the last 11 years, unexpectedly announced his retirement, a nomination election was held to seek his replacement as the Conservative Party nominee. Albas faced two other candidates: Marshall Neufeld who had worked as Day's parliamentary assistant and West Kelowna landscaper Russell Ensign. A fourth candidate, Chamber of Commerce president Jason Cox, campaigned but missed the deadline for submitting his nomination papers. The nomination election came under criticism from Conservative Party members for being rushed; the vote was held only 10 days after Day's announcement leaving several potential candidates unable to participate and leading to accusations that the three candidates had been given advanced notice of events. The 2011 federal election campaign began soon after the nomination vote. Albas faced former Summerland councillor David Finnis of the New Democratic Party, semi-retired Ashcroft businessman John Kidder for the Liberal Party, Penticton marketer <mask> for the Green Party, Penticton doctor Dietrich Wittel (independent), and West Kelowna real estate agent Sean Upshaw who campaign in protest of the Conservative Party nomination process which he felt excluded from due to its rushed vote.<mask> won the election in the Okanagan—Coquihalla riding with 54% of the vote and his Conservative Party formed a majority government. 41st Canadian Parliament
When the 41st Parliament began <mask> was appointed to the 'Standing Committee on Transport, Infrastructure and Communities' and the 'Standing Joint Committee on Scrutiny of Regulations'. In the House of Commons, Albas introduced Private Members Bill C-311, entitled An Act to amend the Importation of Intoxicating Liquors Act (interprovincial importation of wine for personal use) (Bill C-311) which would allow individuals to import wine from another province for the purpose of personal consumption. The existing law, which dates back to the Prohibition era, only allows provincial liquor boards to do this. Bill C-311 received first reading on October 3, second reading on December 7, 2011. It received unanimous support by all parties at third reading on June 6, 2012. On Sept. 19, 2013, he became Parliamentary Secretary to the President of the Treasury Board.42nd Canadian Parliament
Albas won re-election 2015 Canadian federal election, though his Conservative Party lost seats overall and formed the Official Opposition in the 42nd Canadian Parliament. Under interim leader Rona Ambrose, Albas was appointed to be the critic of interprovincial trade until October 2016 when he was reassigned to be deputy critic (to Gérard Deltell) of finance. In the 2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election, Albas endorsed Maxime Bernier. After Andrew Scheer won the leadership race, Scheer reassigned Albas to be critic of small business issues. Albas introduced several private member bills into the House of Commons during this parliament, though none advanced beyond first reading. Bill C-379, An Act to amend the Bank Act (use of word "bank", "banker" or "banking") , proposed to allow credit unions and caisses populaires to use the terms bank, banker and banking to describe the services they offer. Bill C-410, An Act to amend the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (property of bankrupt — exclusion), proposed to protect Registered Education Savings Plan or Registered Disability Savings Plan from creditors in a bankruptcy settlement; the Minister of Finance subsequently incorporated this protection of Registered Disability Savings Plan funds in Bill C-97; in response, Albas introduced Bill C-453 which contained the same language but specifically extended the protection to Registered Education Savings Plan as well.Bill C-447, An Act to amend the Criminal Code (aggravating circumstance — evacuation order or emergency), proposed to make taking advantage of a natural disaster or other emergency to commit a crime as an aggravating circumstance. Bill C-452, An Act to amend the Income Tax Act (gift in virtual currency), proposed to exempt from the capital gains tax funds acquired from the appreciation of a virtual currency which are donated to a charity. 43rd Canadian Parliament
On September 8, 2020, <mask> was appointed as the Opposition Critic for Environment and Climate Change by Erin O'Toole. Committee Assignments

Current
Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development (Vice Chair)
Subcommittee on Agenda and Procedure of the Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development

Previous
Special Committee on Canada-China Relations (January 2020 to August 2020)
Committee on Human Resources, Skills and Social Development and the Status of Persons with Disabilities (February 2020 to August 2020)

Source:

Election history

Notes

References

External links

<mask> - House of Commons biography
<mask> - Members of Parliament for Okanagan—Coquihalla
<mask> - personal blog

1976 births
Conservative Party of Canada MPs
Living people
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from British Columbia
People from Penticton
Politicians from Victoria, British Columbia
United Ways people
British Columbia municipal councillors
21st-century Canadian politicians

masks:
Dan Albas
Albas
Dan Albas
Dan
Albas
Albas
Dan Bouchard
Albas
Albas
Albas
Dan Albas
Dan Albas
Dan Albas


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<mask>  (; born 29 May 1977) is an Italian former professional footballer who mainly played as a defensive midfielder. At club level, he is mostly known for his successful time at Italian team AC Milan, where he spent eighteen years of his career, winning several titles, and captained the side from 2009 to 2013 following the retirement of Paolo Maldini. Ambrosini retired from professional football in 2014, after a season with Fiorentina. At international level, he represented Italy at the 2000 Summer Olympics, and in two UEFA European Championships, winning a runners-up medal at UEFA Euro 2000. He currently works as a pundit and football commentator for Sky Sport Italia. Club career

AC Milan
Ambrosini began his career with Cesena and graduated to their first team at the age of 17 during the 1994–95 season. AC Milan coach Fabio Capello then won the race to sign him the following year, and despite facing tough competition to break into the all-star Milan side, Ambrosini was given a handful of games as the team romped to the Serie A championship.Used in the 1996–97 season only sporadically, Ambrosini was sent on loan to Vicenza, where he was given a spot in the team's starting line-up almost immediately, and helped his team avoid relegation at the end of the season. He also reached the semi-final of UEFA Cup Winners' Cup with Vicenza. Recalled to the San Siro, Ambrosini at last made a first-team place his own as Milan won back the Serie A championship in 1999. A regular the following term, he then saw his chances limited by a troublesome knee injury before returning to full fitness to help Milan win the Coppa Italia (scoring in a 4–1 win in the first leg of the final over Roma) and the UEFA Champions League during the 2002–03 season, where he replaced Rui Costa in the 87th minute of the final against Juventus, held at Old Trafford. In 2003–04, although unable to establish himself as a first-team starter due to a series of niggling injuries and a loss of form, Ambrosini made 20 Serie A appearances – predominantly as a substitute – and scored one goal as Milan captured their 17th Serie A championship. In March 2005, he renewed his contract to June 2008. In 2004–05, he struggled to break into Milan first team, making only made 22 Serie A appearances and scoring one goal.It is his late goal, however, that took Milan to the UEFA Champions League final. With Milan losing 2–0, a scoreline which would have sent the match to extra time as Milan defeated PSV with the same score in the San Siro, Ambrosini scored a header in second half injury time to bring the score to 2–1 and give Milan the 3–2 aggregate lead. PSV immediately responded with a goal of their own to tie the aggregate score at 3–3, but Milan advanced to the final on the away goals rule. Ambrosini, however, missed the final in Istanbul with yet another injury as Milan were defeated on penalties by Liverpool. In 2005–06, he again suffered a series of injuries which limited him to just 13 Serie A appearances and one goal, thus making him out of contention for the Italian squad for the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany. Unlike the previous seasons, 2006–07 became Ambrosini's late breakthrough as he had fully recovered from his recurring injuries. Although not an immediate starter at the beginning, following a series of stunning performances, he eventually made his way into the team's starting 11, prompting Carlo Ancelotti to change his preferred formation from 4–3–1–2 to 4–3–2–1 (alternatively, 4–4–1–1), in which he would play a left-sided defensive midfielder, in a role similar to that of Gennaro Gattuso responsible for winning back possession and passing the ball to either a deep-lying playmaker Andrea Pirlo or other attacking players.He scored two decisive goals in Serie A against Sampdoria and Atalanta, both with his head. He was also a key member to Milan's victory over Bayern Munich and Manchester United in the UEFA Champions League, balancing the game for Milan through his vision and leadership skills; his long pass from his team's half of the pitch to an unmarked striker Alberto Gilardino helped ensure Milan's eventual 3–0 victory as Gilardino scored a goal that drastically reduced Manchester United's chances of a comeback. This game also prompted Ambrosini to change his mind about leaving Milan due to lack of playing time and extend his contract until June 2010. Later that month, Ambrosini started in the final of the 2006–07 Champions League and played a strong game in Milan's eventual 2–1 win over Liverpool. He was also the last player to touch the ball seconds before the final whistle. In Paolo Maldini's absence, Ambrosini was once again the stand-in captain for the European Super Cup Final against UEFA Cup winners Sevilla FC, which Milan won 3–1. Ambrosini was Milan captain in the absence of Paolo Maldini throughout the 2007–08 campaign.In this campaign, Ambrosini scored four goals. He scored decisive goals against Palermo and Empoli, and played very well in the home leg of the Milan derby against Internazionale on 4 May 2008, setting up the second goal for teammate Kaká and putting in an excellent performance throughout the game, which Milan won 2–1. However, Milan had failed to earn 3 points in each single game leading up to a 4–1 win against Udinese on the final day of the season, thus finishing only in fifth place and qualifying for 2008–09 UEFA Cup instead of the desired Champions League. During the 2008–09 campaign, Ambrosini was once again a regular fixture in the Milan starting lineup, making 26 appearances in the team's Serie A campaign. During a pre-season friendly tournament against Juventus, Ambrosini was named Man of the Match as he netted twice to secure a Milan victory. His second goal was a superb effort into the roof of the net, past a bewildered Alex Manninger. This season was also memorable for him as he had managed a season total of eight goals (one in the UEFA Cup), more than he has scored in any season in his career with Milan.The goals included a brilliant header off David Beckham's free kick against Lazio, and a well-placed goal in a 5–1 win over Torino. Ambrosini also scored his first double in a competitive fixture in a 3–2 loss to Roma during Paolo Maldini's final home game, and received a standing ovation from the home crowd despite being sent off by the referee for a second yellow card. On 6 July 2009, as the Milan team reunited for pre-season training, <mask> was officially named club captain, inheriting the armband from Paolo Maldini. On 8 September 2009, he added one more year to his contract, extending his stay with the team at least until 2011. He won the Serie A title in 2010–11 season with three games in hand, edging out city rivals Internazionale. On 19 May 2011, he signed a new, one-year contract. After a disappointing second-place finish in the 2011–12 season and the departure of fellow team greats Filippo Inzaghi, Alessandro Nesta, Gennaro Gattuso, and Clarence Seedorf, <mask> was reported to be considering his future with the club, but Adriano Galliani was able to convince <mask> to sign yet another one-year deal and continue on to be the captain for Milan for the 2012–13 season.After a very rough start with several notable defeats, Milan eventually finished the season in the third place behind the defending champions Juventus and runners-up Napoli, securing a spot in the next season's Champions League qualification play-off. On 11 June 2013, Milan CEO Adriano Galliani confirmed that the club had decided not to extend Ambrosini's expiring contract, thus ending his eighteen-year stay at Milan. Fiorentina
On 4 July 2013 Fiorentina confirmed on their official website that they had won the race to sign Ambrosini on a one-year deal, beating West Ham United who were also looking to sign him. He made 30 appearances for Fiorentina in his first season with La Viola, helping the club to fourth place in Serie A. <mask> <mask> would announce on 21 May 2014 that he would be leaving Fiorentina after one season. International career
Ambrosini made his senior international debut on 28 April 1999 against Croatia, under manager Dino Zoff, and was part of the Italian squad at UEFA Euro 2000, which ended with an appearance as a substitute in the final loss to reigning World champions France following David Trezeguet's golden goal; he also represented Italy at the 2000 Summer Olympics under Marco Tardelli later that year, where Italy were eliminated in the quarter-finals by eventual finalists Spain. <mask> was unavailable for selection for the 2002 FIFA World Cup finals under Giovanni Trapattoni due to injury, and then failed to break into the squad for the UEFA Euro 2004 finals. Under subsequent manager Marcello Lippi, he was also excluded from the national side and was not called up for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, which Italy went on to win.On 16 August 2006, <mask> earned his 23rd cap for Italy after almost two years of absence from the squad in a 2–0 friendly home defeat to Croatia; for this match, he was given the captain's armband by coach Roberto Donadoni in the absence of regular contenders for the armband. He was then called up by the national side's manager to Italy's squad for UEFA Euro 2008 in Austria and Switzerland, appearing in all four of his nation's matches throughout the tournament, as Italy were eliminated in the quarter-finals of the tournament by eventual champions Spain, following a penalty shootout. After Donadoni's dismissal, however, Lippi was put back in charge, and <mask> was no longer called up for Italy, despite putting in battling displays for Milan. In total he made 35 appearances for Italy. Style of play
A physically strong, tenacious, energetic, and hardworking box-to-box, central, or defensive midfielder, with a wide range of skills, Ambrosini was well regarded for his ability in the air, and was capable of being a goal-threat, in particular from set-pieces, due to his height, elevation, ability to make attacking runs into the area, and his heading accuracy, as well as his powerful striking ability from distance, which even led manager Carlo Ancelotti to deploy him as a centre forward on occasion. Throughout his career, he stood out for his leadership, as well as his stamina, versatility, tactical intelligence, and aggressive tackling. Although Ambrosini primarily served as a ball winner, he was also known for his ability to start attacking plays after winning back possession, courtesy of his vision and passing range, despite his lack of notable technical skills.Despite his ability as a midfielder, he often struggled with injuries throughout his career. Personal life
<mask> <mask> is married to an Italian woman, Paola Ambrosini. Ambrosini has two children with his wife, his son <mask> was born on 11 May 2009, and his daughter Angelica Ambrosini was born on 21 November 2011. Career statistics

Club

International

Honours
AC Milan
 Serie A: 1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04, 2010–11
 Coppa Italia: 2002–03
 Supercoppa Italiana: 2004, 2011
 UEFA Champions League: 2002–03, 2006–07
 UEFA Super Cup: 2003, 2007
 FIFA Club World Cup: 2007

Italy
 UEFA European Championship runner-up: 2000

Individual
AC Milan Hall of Fame

Orders
 5th Class / Knight: Cavaliere Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana: 2000

References

External links

 FootballDatabase.com provides Ambrosini's profile and stats
 FIFA Profile
 UEFA Profile
 AIC Profile
 FIGC Profile

1977 births
People from Pesaro
Living people
Association football midfielders
Italian footballers
Italy youth international footballers
Italy under-21 international footballers
Italy international footballers
A.C. Cesena players
L.R. Vicenza players
A.C. Milan players
ACF Fiorentina players
Serie A players
Olympic footballers of Italy
Footballers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
UEFA Euro 2000 players
UEFA Euro 2008 players
Serie B players
UEFA Champions League winning players
Knights of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic

masks:
Massimo Ambrosini
Ambrosini
Ambrosini
Massimo
Massimo
Ambrosini
Ambrosini
Ambrosini
Ambrosini
Massimo
Ambrosini
Federico Ambrosini