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 attention to what had always been considered a safe Republican district. The New York Times ran a front-page story on him and articles appeared in USA Today and The Washington Post. USA Today wrote "if Democrats could design a dream candidate to capitalize on national distress about the war in Iraq, he would look a lot like the tall, telegenic Marine Reserve major who finished a seven-month tour of Iraq in March."Schmidt made the Iraq War an issue in the race. She declared on WCET-TV's Forum that "9/11 was a wakeup call. We lost our innocence" and praised the Bush foreign policy. "The foundation of democracy that has been planted in Afghanistan and Iraq", she said, has inspired reforms in Saudi Arabia, Syria, Lebanon, and elsewhere. Schmidt always appeared in public with a button in her lapel containing a photograph of Keith Matthew Maupin, the only prisoner of war of the Iraq campaign. <mask> did not mince words about Iraq or President Bush. He told The New York Times Bush was "a chicken hawk" for pursuing the war after having avoided military service in the Vietnam War.The Times also quoted him as saying Bush was "the greatest threat to America." <mask> in the West Union debate contrasted what President Bush had said in the 2000 presidential debates to current events. "Guess what folks? We're nation-building!" On July 19, Democratic campaign operative James Carville appeared at a fund-raiser for <mask> in downtown Cincinnati that raised $100,000. On July 21, Max Cleland, formerly a United States Senator from Georgia, campaigned for <mask> at a rally in Blue Ash. John Glenn, the astronaut who later represented Ohio in the United States Senate, sent out an e-mail asking Democrats to volunteer for <mask>, and Glenn campaigned with him on July 30, in Cincinnati.Retired general and presidential candidate Wesley Clark also endorsed <mask>. <mask> also received campaign contributions from the Association of Trial Lawyers of America, the United Auto Workers, Cincinnati Bengals owner Mike Brown, and talk show host and former Cincinnati mayor Jerry Springer. Democratic National Committee chairman Howard Dean sent out an e-mail appeal for <mask> which, combined with work by bloggers, helped raise over $475,000 in online contributions for <mask>, making him the first Democratic nominee in the Second District in years who could afford television advertisements. <mask>'s ad began with a clip of President George W. Bush speaking to troops at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on June 28, 2005, "There is no higher calling than service in our armed forces." <mask>'s commercial then noted his service in the Marine Corps. The Washington Post noted the commercial "avoids any hint that the lawyer is a Democrat." Republicans were displeased.The Republican National Committee's lawyers wrote him saying the commercial deceived the public with "the false impression the President has endorsed your candidacy." Robert T. Bennett, chairman of the Ohio Republican Party, told The Cincinnati Post the commercials were "a blatant effort to dupe voters." The National Republican Congressional Committee, the official Republican Party body that helps candidates for the United States House of Representatives, announced on July 28, it was spending $265,000 for television ads in the Cincinnati market, covering the western part of the district, and $250,000 for ads in the Huntington, West Virginia, market, covering the eastern half. Carl Forti told The Cincinnati Enquirer "we decided to bury him" after <mask> told USA Today, in a story published that morning, "I don't like the son-of-a-bitch that lives in the White House but I'd put my life on the line for him." Forti said the NRCC had "no concern that she will lose. She will not lose." The NRCC ran commercials noting <mask> had voted for tax increases while on the Milford council and quoting his statement on his website that he would be "happy" to pay higher taxes.The full quotation, in regards to raising the cap of $90,000 that Social Security payroll taxes are levied on was
I for one would be paying more in Social Security taxes, but I'd be happy to. Why? Because we've all made a commitment to pass on a better America to our children. Our parents kept their word to us, and we have the same obligation. This pledge is a cornerstone of the American way of life. Those of us who have enjoyed success have a duty to uphold this commitment to our future generations. Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, the NRCC's counterpart, responded with commercials noting that Schmidt had voted to raise the sales tax by 20 percent and the excise tax on gasoline by 30 percent when she was in the legislature.A mailing to voters by the DCCC reiterated these statements under the headline "Who Voted for the Taft Sales Tax Increase—the Largest in Ohio History?" and asked "can we trust Jean Schmidt to protect middle-class families in Washington?" The Coalition Opposed to Additional Spending and Taxes, a Cincinnati-based group founded by Tom Brinkman (who lost the GOP primary to Schmidt), began running ads in the last week of July urging voters to skip the election. COAST's president, Jim Urling, told The Cincinnati Enquirer that this might help elect <mask>, but "we think it will be easier to remove a Democrat next year than an incumbent Republican posing as a conservative." In the general election, the Democratic Dayton Daily News endorsed <mask>. The Daily News said Schmidt's attacks on Senators R. Michael DeWine and George V. Voinovich were "remarkably classless" and "seemed to be saying that voters who like legislators who exercise occasional independence from their party should not vote for her." The Daily News said <mask> was "not your classic suburban liberal" and urged "voter[s] looking for something beyond a conventional political background" to support him.The Cincinnati Post also endorsed <mask>. It noted Schmidt is the latest in a line of "Republican patricians" and "likely to be a dependable vote for the Bush administration" whereas <mask> is a gust of fresh air. If we had to put a label on him, it would be Libertarian Democrat. He says what he thinks and doesn't seem to have much use for the orthodoxy or the partisanship of either party. "The Cincinnati Enquirer wrote
<mask> is an attractive candidate with many qualities to admire . . . bright, personable and charismatic, with an aura of leadership. That he put a comfortable career on hold and put himself at great risk to serve his country merits our respect and thanks  .. . But some of the positions he's staked seem simplistic and not terribly well thought-out. He says the entire Patriot Act should be rejected—even those provisions that actually have enhanced Americans' civil liberties. He dismisses No Child Left Behind as "Orwellian." <mask> is also a critic of President Bush's tax cuts. Ultimately, the newspaper did not endorse <mask>. "The 2nd District will get a capable representative no matter which candidate prevails Tuesday.But it should get more local bang for its electoral buck if it sends Jean Schmidt to Washington," wrote the editors. General election results
<mask> ultimately lost by a narrow margin, only 3.27 percent, the best showing of any Democrat in the district since 1974. These were the final certified numbers as reported on the Ohio Secretary of State's website. Reaction to the results
Howard Wilkinson wrote in The Cincinnati Enquirer the morning after the election "the fact that <mask> made it a very close election is nothing short of astounding... com[ing] close to pulling off a monumental political upset." <mask> won in the eastern, rural counties of Pike, Scioto, Brown, and Adams, while Schmidt won in the populous western counties of Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren. The Cincinnati Post editorialized <mask>'s success in the eastern counties was in part from "the increasingly desperate struggle in rural areas to provide enough decent jobs for those who want them." Following the election, many Democrats hailed the election as showing the weakness of Ohio's Republican party, which had been in control of Ohio state government for a decade, and public unhappiness with President Bush's policies.Hamilton County Democratic chairman Timothy Burke was delighted. "<mask> was very critical of this president in a district that Bush carried easily last November, yet she barely hung on to win. There's a clear signal in that," he told The Cincinnati Post on election night. The Clermont County Democratic chairman, Dave Lane, told the Dayton Daily News "Here we are in the reddest of red districts and it was very, very close." The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee claimed in a press release <mask>'s strong showing meant trouble for Senator DeWine's re-election campaign in 2006, especially since his son R. Patrick DeWine had lost the Republican primary for the seat. "If Ohio is a bellwether state for next year's midterm elections, things don't look too good for the Republicans", claimed the DSCC. Republicans said the election meant nothing of the sort."There is no correlation between what happens in a special election, where turnout is very low and you have circumstances that just aren't comparable to an election that happens on an Election Day in an election year," Brian Nick of the National Republican Senatorial Committee told The Cincinnati Post.The Columbus Dispatch referred to "the trauma of barely winning a Congressional district long dominated by Republicans" and quoted an anonymous source in the Republican party claiming "there is not a tougher environment in the country than Ohio right now. There is kind of a meltdown happening." Amy Walter of the Cook Political Report told the Dispatch "Ohio becomes the microcosm for the debate Democrats are trying to have nationally" and Democrats would argue in future campaigns "'See what happens when one party rules too long, see what happens with corruption and insider influence.'" Her boss, Charlie Cook, told The Los Angeles Times Hackett's "rubber stamp" charge had resonated with Ohio voters. Peter W. Bronson, a conservative columnist for The Cincinnati Enquirer, wrote "<mask>'s surprising finish was less a repudiation of Bush than a repudiation of Ohio Governor Bob Taft, whose name is now officially radioactive poison." Bronson admitted <mask> "ran a strong campaign" but said he did so well only because of "the ugly primary" on the Republican side, fears that Schmidt was "another Taft RINO" (i.e., "Republican In Name Only"), and apathy by Republican voters, not dissatisfaction with Bush or Republicans in general. John Nichols of The Capital Times (Madison, Wisconsin) saw it differently."The district had been so radically gerrymandered by Republican governors and legislators that it was all but unrecognizable that a Democrat could ever be competitive there" and <mask>, "a smart telegenic Iraq war veteran," had been "swift-boated" in the final days of the campaign by Republican operatives and "right-wing talk hosts" such as Rush Limbaugh. Mark Steyn, a conservative columnist who writes for National Review magazine, wrote in the Irish Times "<mask> was like a fast-forward version of the John Kerry campaign" who "artfully neglected to mention the candidate was a Democrat." Steyn claimed any Democratic efforts to present <mask>'s run as a success for the party were absurd. <mask> told The Cincinnati Post he stood by his criticisms of George W. Bush:
Meant it, said it, stand by it. I'd say it again. For every vote I may have lost because of it. I probably picked up one or two.One voter turned off was veteran Arthur Smith of Loveland, whose letter to the editor in The Cincinnati Enquirer on August 5, said <mask>
attempted to fool the voters by masking the stench of his liberalism, using President Bush and the uniform of the military as a deodorant... I voted for the tax-raising Schmidt but had to hold my nose to do it. I figured it was the lesser of the two evils. Jerome Armstrong stated in TomPaine.com that the returns tapped into the growing movement within the Democratic Party willing to take the Republicans head on about the direction of this nation. Former President Bill Clinton recognized <mask> in an October 23, 2006, speech saying "I hope <mask> sees that his courage to make people see the truth about our policy in Iraq, is now sweeping the nation." 2006 campaign
<mask> on October 24, 2005, announced he would seek the Democratic nomination to challenge incumbent United States Senator Mike DeWine after rejecting a second run against Schmidt. Sherrod Brown, a congressman from northern Ohio and two-term Ohio Secretary of State, had rejected efforts by the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee to recruit him to the race in the summer of 2005 and had on August 17, publicly declared he would not run.Brown changed his mind and declared he would run, angering <mask> who claimed Brown had promised him he would stay out of the race, a claim Brown denies. On February 13, 2006, <mask> announced that he was withdrawing from the race and ending his political career. <mask> told The New York Times that Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid and New York Senator Chuck Schumer recently had asked him to withdraw. He further contends that Schumer sabotaged his fundraising efforts and actively worked against his campaign. <mask> said, "For me, this is a second betrayal...first, my government misused and mismanaged the military in Iraq, and now my own party is afraid to support candidates like me." On March 14, 2006, he appeared on an episode of The Daily Show on a segment which satirized the mainstream Democratic Party's criticism of <mask>. One issue <mask> faced in his campaign is the status of his Marine Corps Reserve unit, which may deploy back to Iraq during the campaign.<mask> had said he expected to return to Iraq in 2006. <mask> later reconciled with Brown and backed his successful Senate campaign. No rematch against Schmidt
Following the exit from the Senate race, <mask> declined to enter the race for the Democratic nomination in the 2nd Congressional District against Jean Schmidt, because he promised the Democratic candidates in that race that he would not run. As a result a number of candidates threw their names into the race, and <mask> kept his promise. Therefore, on May 2, Victoria Wulsin (who came second to <mask> in the 2005 Democratic primary to fill the vacancy caused by Portman's resignation) won the Democratic primary to challenge Schmidt. On May 8, The Cincinnati Enquirer speculated on the possibility that Wulsin would drop out, and allow <mask> to run in her place. This scenario did not occur, so there was no rematch.Post-campaign
After withdrawing from the Senate race, <mask> joined the Advisory Board of Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America political action committee (PAC) to support his fellow veterans running for Congress. <mask> has also done some talk radio by substituting for Jerry Springer on his Air America Radio show Springer on the

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 Radio, as well as for Ed Schultz on his show. It is not known whether <mask> wishes to continue working in talk radio. On May 30, 2006, <mask> filed a class action lawsuit against the United States Department of Veterans Affairs over the compromise of personal information of 26.5 million veterans which may have fallen into the hands of a thief. "After you've been in combat and you survived it, you've got this real energized sense that, 'I can accomplish anything,' and you view your country differently" he said for The Athens Messenger in February 2008, during a time he was endorsing anti-war veteran candidates such as J. Ashwin Madia of Minnesota via VoteVets.org, which created anti-war candidacy ads on the Internet, opposite Iraq Vets for Congress. On February 17, 2010, <mask> endorsed Surya Yalamanchili in the Democratic primary for the Second District of Ohio. See also

Election results, U.S. Representative from Ohio, 2nd District
2006 Ohio U.S. Senate election
VoteVets.org

References

Jerome Armstrong."More Hackett Jobs" Tom Paine. August 3, 2005. (Armstrong argues that <mask>'s success can be replicated)
Elizabeth Auster. "Attorney staying in race to replace DeWine in Senate." The Plain Dealer. October 15, 2005. A6.(<mask> Brown)
"A bellwether again". (Editorial)  The Cincinnati Post. 16A. (<mask>'s success in rural areas)
"Best Democrat in 2nd race is <mask>". (Editorial) Dayton Daily News. June 3, 2005. A12.(Endorsement)
Peter Bronson. "OK, <mask>'s a veteran--and . . . ?" The Cincinnati Enquirer. August 4, 2005. C11. (Bronson on why <mask> did so well)
Ronald Brownstein. "All political eyes again turn to Ohio".The Los Angeles Times. August 4, 2005. 8. (Charlie Cook's remark)
Lawrence Budd. "<mask> hopes duty in Iraq gives him edge in contests:  Democrat seeks seat that was held by Rob Portman". Dayton Daily News. July 25, 2005.B4. (Friend suggests he run)
Lawrence Budd. "Schmidt prevails in race for 2nd District seat." Dayton Daily News. August 3, 2005. A4. (Dave Lane's comments)
 Calls for a good, clean campaign.Lisa Cornwell. "Democrats See Opportunity With <mask>". The Cincinnati Post. June 16, 2005. A20. (Why him and not Sanders)
James Dao. "A Veteran of Iraq Running in Ohio Is Harsh On Bush".The New York Times. July 27, 2005. A1. (<mask> profiled)
Brian Faler. "After Iraq, Marine Plans New Campaign". The Washington Post. July 21, 2005.A6. (Brief profile). Martin Gottlieb. "<mask> tests 2nd's Republicanism". Dayton Daily News. July 29, 2005. A10.<mask>. "Hackett:  No Rubber Stamp". The Cincinnati Post. July 23, 2005. A13. (States views in an opinion piece)
"<mask> offers 2nd District fresher voice". (Editorial).Dayton Daily News. July 27, 2005. A8. (Endorsement of <mask>)
 Hamilton County Democratic party endorses <mask> over other primary candidates. First debate at Chatfield College. Profile of race and the candidates. Barry M. Horstman."A race of a different sort". The Cincinnati Post. July 30, 2005. A1. (Bennett's quote, <mask> approached at airport, Schmidt's condo money)
Barry M. Horstman. "Schmidt wins in a squeaker." The Cincinnati Post.August 3, 2005. 1A. "Lawyer to Vie for 2nd District Seat". The Cincinnati Post. May 9, 2005. A9. (Announces run)
 <mask>'s views on abortion, gun control.Environmental views of the candidates. Bill Nichols. "Democratic candidates tout Iraq war experience". USA Today. July 28, 2005. John Nichols. "Ohio Vote Should Light Fire Under Dems."The Capital Times. (Madison, Wisconsin). August 4, 2005. 12A. "<mask><mask> III". The Cincinnati Enquirer. June 8, 2005.C2. (Profile)
Len Penix. "Council to vote on developer's plan." The Cincinnati Post. October 16, 1997. 2. (Post office rezoning)
Len Penix."Milford OKs zone change in effort to keep post office". The Cincinnati Post. November 27, 1997. 4. Len Penix. "Voters boot Milford council member from office". The Cincinnati Post.May 3, 1995. A8. (<mask> elected)
"Priciest Homes". The Cincinnati Enquirer. February 6, 2000. C4. (Purchases home)
Jonathan Riskind."Narrow Victory Underscores GOP's Rocky Road in Ohio". The Columbus Dispatch. August 7, 2005. 5B. (Amy Walter and anonymous quotes, "trauma")
Malia Rulon. "Schmidt, <mask> don't see own wealth as issue". The Cincinnati Enquirer.July 2, 2005. A1. Bill Schneider. "Netroots activism arrives". CNN.com. August 5, 2005. (Effort on the internet and blogs to promote his campaign and raise money)
"Schmidt for Congress:  Republican offers better experience, fit for 2nd District."(Editorial). The Cincinnati Enquirer. July 31, 2005. E1. "2nd District Candidates". The Cincinnati Enquirer. May 29, 2005.C2. (Profiles of all the candidates)
Dan Sewell. "Iraq vet bids for Congress:  Marine underdog in Ohio special election". Journal-Gazette (Fort Wayne, Indiana). July 22, 2005. 10A. Jim Siegel."Four Face Ethics Probe:  Lawmakers didn't report football tickets, dinner from biotech firm, inspector says". The Columbus Dispatch. July 8, 2005. 1B. .
Bill Sloat and Stephen Koff. "Cleveland-born man vying to be first Iraq war vet in Congress". The Plain Dealer. July 18, 2005.A1. Mark Steyn. "Bush is running rings around Democrats, who get flabbier by the week." Irish Times. August 8, 2005. 9. "Vacant Seat".The Cincinnati Post. September 17, 1998. 16A. (<mask> resigns from Milford council)
Jessica Wehrman. "GOP winner Schmidt sticks to schedule:  Outdistances high-profile foes in crowded field." Dayton Daily News. June 16, 2005.B1. (Primary results, 57th most GOP district)
Jessica Wehrman. "GOP's Schmidt has more cash than foe <mask>:  Leads Democrat in 2nd District money race". Dayton Daily News. July 23, 2005. B4. (Finance reports filed with the FEC)
Howard Wilkinson."Anti-tax group, liberal PAC airing 'don't vote' message". The Cincinnati Enquirer. July 29, 2005. B2. Howard Wilkinson. "Boehner endorses McEwen in 2nd". The Cincinnati Enquirer.June 8, 2005. C2. (<mask>'s endorsements)
Howard Wilkinson. "Debate shows differences". The Cincinnati Enquirer. July 8, 2005. B1.Howard Wilkinson. "Dems hope new guy has better chance". The Cincinnati Enquirer. May 26, 2005. C3. (Burke says Sanders can't win, Democrats to endorse <mask>)
Howard Wilkinson. "Ex-Sen. Cleland lauds fellow veteran <mask>".The Cincinnati Enquirer. July 22, 2005. Howard Wilkinson. "FOP decries <mask> suit, endorses rival". The Cincinnati Enquirer. July 28, 2005. Howard Wilkinson."Gun-toting <mask> still can't win NRA endorsement". The Cincinnati Enquirer. July 13, 2005. C2. Howard Wilkinson. "<mask> stepes up with ads, prominent campaigners". The Cincinnati Enquirer.July 20, 2005. C2. Howard Wilkinson and Malia Rulon. "Money pouring into race:  National parties pay attention". The Cincinnati Enquirer. July 29, 2005. B1.Howard Wilkinson. "Sense of duty, purpose drive <mask>". The Cincinnati Enquirer''. July 24, 2005. E1, E5. External links

League of Women Voters page on the Congressional race
Hackett Law Offices
Daily Show feature on <mask>, March 2006
<mask>'s blog at the Huffington Post

1963 births
American anti–Iraq War activists
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Iraq War
American University School of Communication alumni
Case Western Reserve University alumni
Cleveland–Marshall College of Law alumni
Living people
People from Montgomery, Ohio
Ohio Democrats
Ohio lawyers
People from West Palm Beach, Florida
People from Milford, Ohio
United States Marine Corps officers
United States Marine Corps reservists
People from Indian Hill, Ohio
People from Wyoming, Ohio
Activists from

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<mask> (born 13 February 1993) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for St Mirren. He has previously played for Wycombe Wanderers, Staines Town, Blackpool, Crawley Town, Oldham Athletic and Motherwell. Club career

Wycombe Wanderers

Dunne started his youth career at Orpington youth in the Kent League where he played under ex-pro Dave Smith. He made 63 appearances scoring 16 goals between 2007 and 2010. He then came through the ranks at Wycombe Wanderers after joining them in 2010 on youth contract terms, and in September 2011, he signed a two-year professional contract. The following month he was loaned to Staines Town until the end of the season, on a youth contract. Dunne made his Staines Town debut on 22 October 2011, playing the whole game, in a 1–0 loss against Woking He scored his first goal for the club, in a 4–1 loss against Sutton United on 5 November 2011.He returned to Wycombe Wanderers in November, along with teammate Jesse Kewley-Graham, to boost the club's squad options. <mask> made his professional debut for Wycombe Wanderers on 21 April 2012, in a 2–1 away loss against Charlton Athletic, coming on as a substitute for Grant Basey in the 85th minute. He made his second appearance the following weekend as Wycombe lost 4–3 at home against Notts County, coming on for Joel Grant in the 84th minute. This defeat relegated Wycombe into League Two, after a single season in League One. He played the majority of the final game of the season in front of a sell out at Hillsborough, replacing injured Grant Basey as Wycombe succumbed to a 2–0 defeat against Sheffield Wednesday. Following the club's academy demise, <mask> was promoted to the first team squad at the start of the 2012–13 season. He made his first professional start, in the first round of the League Cup, in a 1–0 defeat to Watford on 11 August 2012.Following this, Dunne had a handful of first team appearances for the side, playing in the left-back position for most of the season and became a first team regular. Throughout the January transfer window, Dunne was linked with a move away from the club, however the club denied there was any deal for him, stating that they had received no bids for the player. In a 0–0 draw against Northampton Town on 16 April 2013, Dunne was named Man of the Match for his display and was praised by manager Gareth Ainsworth. Despite being sidelined with injuries, suspension and being dropped to the substitutes bench, Dunne finished the 2012–13 season, making forty two appearances and was awarded the Most Improved Young Player of the Season. In the 2013–14 season, Dunne continued to remain in the first team before being sent-off in the second half, in a 2–2 draw against Oxford United on 24 August 2014. After the club decided against appealing his sending-off, it wasn't until 5 October 2013 when Dunne returned to the first team against Burton Albion, only to be sent-off for a second bookable offence, in a 2–1 loss. After the match, Dunne apologised for his sending off.He then suffered a broken leg that kept him out for the rest of the season. Blackpool
On 24 August 2013, <mask> signed for Blackpool for an undisclosed fee on a three-year contract. Under the terms of the contract he was returned on-loan to Wycombe for the remainder of the 2013–14 season. In the 2014–15 season, Dunne was expected to be included in Blackpool's first team, as he was among eight players contracted at the club and was given the number eighteen shirt ahead of the new season. However, at the start of the season, Dunne was dropped from the first team to the substitutes bench in favor of Joan Oriol before being recalled by manager Lee Clark in early-November. Dunne made his Blackpool debut on 1 November 2014, against Ipswich Town, making his first start before being substituted in the 65th minute, in a 2–0 loss. From that moment on, Dunne established himself in the left-back position for the most of the season.However, he was sent-off in the 44th minute, in a 4–0 loss against Brentford on 24 February 2015. After serving a three match suspension, Dunne regained his first team place for the rest of the season and went on to make 23 appearances in all competitions. In the 2015–16 season, Dunne struggled to regain his first team place, spending time on the substitutes bench and dropping out of the first team squad. By November, Dunne kept his first team place for matches against Bradford City and Doncaster Rovers before dropping out the side  once more. After being told by Blackpool that he would be loaned out, Dunne joined Crawley Town on a one-month loan on 1 March 2016. He made his Crawley debut on the same day, in a 2–0 win over Newport County. Having helped the side keep four clean sheets in six games, his loan spell was extended until the end of the season.After making 12 appearances, Dunne returned to his parent club before being released by Blackpool at the end of the 2015–16 season. Oldham Athletic
On 12 August 2016, Dunne signed a short-term deal with Oldham Athletic, having spent time on trial at the club. Four days after signing, Dunne made his debut, playing the whole game, in a 0–0 draw against Northampton Town. He appeared regularly as a left-back in the first team from the start of the season. As a result, his short-term deal was extended until January. However, his first team appearances were soon limited with a pelvic injury suffered during a 2–0 loss against Sheffield United on Boxing Day. By this time his contract with the club had been extended until the end of the season.The injury would eventually keep him out for the rest of the season. At the end of the 2016–17 season, having made nineteen appearances in all competitions, Dunne was released by the club. Motherwell
On 30 June 2017, Dunne signed for Motherwell on a one-year deal. He scored on his debut as Motherwell won 4–0 against Greenock Morton in the group stages of the Scottish League Cup. In August 2017, <mask> was sent off in consecutive matches, away to Ross County in the League Cup, then at St Johnstone in the Scottish Premiership. Motherwell appealed both decisions, along with the red card shown to goalkeeper Trevor Carson in the St Johnstone match. They were successful with one of those appeals, with the second of Dunne's red cards being overturned.That season Motherwell reached the 2017 Scottish League Cup Final and the 2018 Scottish Cup Final, Dunne playing in both matches which ended in a 2–0 loss to Celtic on each occasion. Having missed four months of the 2018–19 season with a groin injury, in September 2019 Dunne suffered a similar problem which was found to require surgery and at least four months out; he underwent a rehabilitation programme across the winter (alongside teammate David Turnbull who was recovering from a knee operation) but was unable to resume playing before the season was halted in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland. Three months later he signed an extension of his contract with the club to run to the end of the calendar year in order to prove his fitness. On 27 June 2020, Dunne signed a new short-term contract with Motherwell, until December 2020, before extending his contract with the club again on 1 February 2021 until the end of the 2020–21 season. St Mirren
On 2 June 2021, St Mirren announced the signing of Dunne to a two-year contract. International career
Though he was born in Lambeth, England, Dunne announced his intention to apply for an Irish citizenship, as he qualifies to play for the Republic of Ireland through his Galway-born mother. In August 2013, Dunne was called into the Republic of Ireland U21 side to face the Faroe Islands in a UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifier, however, he did not play.After being called up by the national team on two occasions, Dunne made his only appearance for Republic of Ireland U21 on 15 November 2013, where he played 27 minutes after coming on as a second-half substitute, in a 5–2 win over Faroe Islands. Career statistics

References

External links

<mask> profile at Wycombe Wanderers

Profile at UEFA

1993 births
Living people
Footballers from the London Borough of Lambeth
Republic of Ireland association footballers
Republic of Ireland under-21 international footballers
Republic of Ireland expatriate association footballers
English footballers
English people of Irish descent
Association football defenders
Wycombe Wanderers F.C. players
Staines Town F.C. players
Blackpool F.C. players
Crawley Town F.C. players
Oldham Athletic A.F.C. players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players
Black British sportspeople
Motherwell F.C.players
Scottish Professional Football League players
St Mirren F.C. players

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<mask> (fl. ca. 215) was a third-century Berber priest and theologian who most likely taught in Rome, but may have been a North African from Libya. Basil and others call him a Libyan from Pentapolis, but this seems to rest on the fact that Pentapolis was a place where the teachings of Sabellius thrived, according to Dionysius of Alexandria, c. 260. What is known of <mask> is drawn mostly from the polemical writings of his opponents. History
The Catholic Encyclopedia writes:

It is true that it is easy to suppose Tertullian and Hippolytus to have misrepresented the opinions of their opponents, but it cannot be proved that Cleomenes was not a follower of the heretical Noetus, and that Sabellius did not issue from his school; further, it is not obvious that Tertullian would attack Callistus under a nickname. Sabellius' opposition to the emerging idea of the Trinity led to his excommunication as a heretic by Pope Callixtus I (Callistus) in AD 220.Wace and Bunsen have both suggested that Calixtus' action was motivated more by a desire for unity rather than by conviction. Theology
Sabellius taught that God was single and indivisible, with Father, Son, and Holy Spirit being three modes or manifestations of one divine Person. A Sabellian modalist would say that the One God successively revealed Himself to man throughout time as the Father in Creation; the Son in Redemption; and the Spirit in Sanctification and Regeneration. (Because of this focus on God's revelation of himself to man, Modalism is often confused with economic Trinitarianism). Modalism
This understanding has been called Sabellianism and modalistic monarchianism. The suggestion of development and change within the Godhead was seen as contradicting the concept of impassibility. It also stood in contrast to the position of distinct persons existing within a single godhead by representing Father, Son and Spirit as different “modes” (hence the term "modalism"), “aspects” or “faces”, "masks" (persona in Latin) that God presented successively to the world.More importantly it stood against the Trinitarian teaching that "God was one God in Father" rather than One in the Father's essence only. It has been noted also that the Greek term "homoousios", which Athanasius of Alexandria favored, was actually a term that was reported to be put forth and favored also by <mask>, and was a term that many followers of Athanasius took issue with and were uneasy about. Their objection to the term "homoousios" was that it was considered to be "un-Scriptural, suspicious, and of a Sabellian tendency." This was because Sabellius also considered the Father and the Son to be "one substance." By that Sabellius meant that the Father and Son were "one essential Person", though operating as different manifestations, roles, faces, or modes. Athanasius, however, used the term differently than Sabellius, affirming oneness of the Divine Essence while maintaining the distinctions between the Divine Persons. The term "homoousios" was accepted, however, at the Council of Nicaea in 325 A.D., using the Athanasian formula and doctrine, of the Father and Son being distinct persons, though co-eternal, co-equal, and con-substantial.The objections to using the term were addressed by clarifying that it was not being used in the Sabellian sense of oneness of Person, but rather to denote oneness of Essence while affirming the distinctions of the Persons or "hypostases". Persona
According to Epiphanius of Salamis, Sabellius used the sun's characteristics as an analogy of God's nature. Just as the sun has "three powers" (warmth, light, and circular form), so God has three aspects: the warming power answers to the Holy Spirit; the illuminating power, to the Son; and the form or figure, to the Father. Sabellius used the term "prosopa" which is Greek for "faces" to describe how the person of God has three faces, this idea is found in 2 Corinthians 4:6 "...God’s glory displayed in the face (prosopon - singular form of prosopa) of Christ. God in essence
Von Mosheim, in his book - The State of Christianity during the first 320 years - translated and published in English in 1851, described Sabellius' views. On page 217, Von Mosheim explains that different people had different views of what Sabellius taught:“The majority say: He taught that the Father, Son, and holy Spirit, are only three names of the one God.”

Others denied that, claiming that Sabellius taught that "the Son is a divine virtue that descended from the Father upon the man Christ," which is similar to what the Socinians taught.As from the last paragraph on page 217, Von Mosheim explains his own understanding of what Sabellius taught. He wrote: Reason and Scripture teach God to be “a perfectly simple unity.” To prevent the teaching of “a plurality of Gods,” Sabellius denied “the distinction of persons in the divine nature.” (p217/218) But while Sabellius maintained that there was but one divine person, “he still believed the distinction of Father, Son, and holy Spirit, described in the Scriptures, to be a real distinction, and not a mere appellative or nominal one” (p218).“Although Sabellius made a distinction between the Father and the Son, yet he would not admit that the Son was a divine person, begotten by the Father” (p218). “Sabellius ... did not confound the Son and holy Spirit with the Father, but clearly discriminated the two former from the latter” (p218). “Sabellius held to a Trinity” (p218) (The purpose of this statement seems to be to confirm that there are real distinctions between the Father, Son and holy Spirit.) "<mask>, therefore, believed that, as a man is but one person, and yet in his one person three things may be discriminated … the body, the soul, and the spirit, so, also, although there is but one undivided person in God, yet in that person, the Father, the Son, and the holy Spirit can be discriminated, not in thought only, but they must be really discriminated and kept distinct." (p219-220)

“As Sabellius held to the simple unity of the person and nature of God, and yet supposed the Father, Son, and holy Spirit, to differ really from each other, and not to be three names of the one God, acting in different ways; we are obliged to believe, that he considered the Father, Son, and holy Spirit, as being three portions of the divine nature, severed, as it were, from God, and differing from each other, yet not subsisting as three persons, but all dependent on the one individual divine nature.” (p220)On page 221 and later, Von Mosheim mentions that "the ancients sometimes speak as if they would represent Sabellius to believe that the Father, Son, and holy Spirit, differ from each other only as three modes of acting." He continues to show examples of how Epiphanius, Basil the Great and Theodoret contradict themselves in this regard. Non-Trinitarian
The Teachings of Sabellius were most vigorously opposed by Tertullian in North Africa and Hippolytus in Rome, who both proposed a hierarchical trinity of subordinate persons.Tertullian is reported to have given <mask>' doctrine the name Patripassianism, meaning ‘the father suffered’, since Sabellius made no true distinction of persons between the Father and the Son. The term is from the Latin words pater for "father", and passus from the verb "to suffer", because it implied that the Father suffered on the cross. Tertullian coined the term in his work Adversus Praxeas, ChapterI: "By this Praxeas did a twofold service for the devil at Rome: he drove away prophecy, and he brought in heresy; he put to flight the Paraclete, and he crucified the Father." This charge he applied to Sabellius as well. This is a distortion of Sabellius' teaching according to Clissold, who quotes scholars who have appealed to Epiphanius' writings. Epiphanius (died 403) says that in his time Sabellians were still numerous in Mesopotamia and Rome - a fact confirmed by an inscription discovered at Rome in 1742, evidently erected by Sabellian Christians.<ref>Northcote, J. S., Epitaphs of the Catacombs", 1878, p. 102. Cited by Christian Classics Ethereal Library</ref>

Modern movements
Although there are some doctrinal characteristics shared by a modern group called Oneness Pentecostals with those of Sabellius, the former do not teach the exact doctrine of Dispensational Modalism as purportedly taught by Sabellius.Some consider this, however, an unfounded assertion, as we have no writings of Sabellius to definitively prove for one way or another. So it cannot be certain whether Sabellius taught a dispensational Modalism or taught what is known today as the Oneness Pentecostal theology since all we have of his teaching comes through the writing of his enemies. All of his original works were destroyed. For example, the doctrines that were purportedly believed by the Templars have recently been shown to be falsifications. The following excerpts demonstrate some of the known doctrinal characteristics of ancient Sabellians which may compare with the doctrines in the modern Oneness movement. Both movements hold that the Biblical God is one Person, not Three. And that Father, Son, and Spirit are different aspects or manifestations of that one Person, and not three distinct persons.Sabellianism was doctrine adhered to by a sect of the Montanists. The Montanists are the same sect that Tertullian himself was a member of when he wrote (the anti-Sabellian) Against Praxeas. Apparently then, there were both Trinitarian and modalist participants in the Monatism which was later condemned. Cyprian wrote of Sabellians "How, when God the Father is not known-nay, is even blasphemed-can they who among the heretics are said to be baptized in the name of Christ only, be judged to have obtained the remission of sins?" In 225AD Hippolytus spoke of them saying "Some of them assent to the heresy of the Noetians, affirming the Father Himself is the Son." Victorinus had this to say of them "Some had doubts about the baptism of those who appeared to recognize the same Father with the Son with us, yet who received the new prophets." It is reported that some Sabellians experienced glossolalia (speaking in tongues) and baptized in the "shorter formula" because of their denial of the Trinity.Sabellians were referred to by the following Church fathers: Dionysius (c.200-265 AD) wrote "Those baptized in the name of three persons...though baptized by heretics..shall not be rebaptized. But those converted from other heresies shall be perfected by the baptism of the Holy Church." "Sabellius...blasphemes in saying that the Son Himself is the Father and vice versa." "Jesus commands them to baptize into the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit-not into a unipersonal God." Sabellianism teaching of Modalism and singular name baptism was also accompanied by glossolalia and prophecy among the above-mentioned sect of Montanists. In 225 AD Tertullian speaks of "those who would deserve the excellent gifts of the spirit-and who...by means of the Holy Spirit would obtain the gift of language, wisdom, and knowledge." However, none of these practices were the source of controversy concerning the Sabellians - - it was simply their Christology which proved most offensive.In any case, unlike many others deemed as heretics, the Sabellians were never excommunicated from the Church at large. One hundred years later, the Deacon Arius would compare Bishop Alexander to Sabellius, in effect accusing Alexander and Athanasius of reviving an old heresy, that at the very least had Sabellian leanings. See also
 For the Patriarch of Alexandria, see Avilius of Alexandria.'' Sabellianism
 Oneness Pentecostal
 Subordinationist

References

External links
 The Theories of <mask> and Paul of Samosata, Compendium of the History of Doctrines, pp262-265
 Barnett, D., ''History of the Doctrine Concerning the Nature of God in the Early Centuries of Christianity: Sabellius (part 8)
 Bernard, D. K., Oneness Believers in Church History, The Oneness of God (chapter 10)
 Tillich, P., The History of Christian Thought (Lecture 12): Monarchianism. Sabellius. The Arian Controversy. Nicaea.Tertullian, Against Praxeas c.213 AD
 Views of Sabellius, The Biblical Repository and Classical Review, American Biblical Repository

3rd-century Christian clergy
3rd-century Christian theologians

masks: Sabellius Sabellius Sabellius Sabellius Sabellius Sabellius


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<mask> (born April 27, 1952) is a former American college football coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of Toledo from 1991 to 2000 and the University of Missouri from 2001 to 2015, compiling career record of 191–110–3. <mask> has the most wins of any head coach in the history of the Toledo Rockets football program and led the 1995 team to a Mid-American Conference championship. He also holds the record for most wins by a head coach of the Missouri Tigers football program. Before becoming a head coach, <mask> served as an assistant at the University of Washington, under Don James, from 1979 through 1990, the last six of those years as an offensive coordinator. In 2022 <mask> was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame. Early years
Born in Akron, Ohio, <mask> graduated from Kenmore High School and attended Kent State University, where he played tight end for the Golden Flashes under head coach Don James.<mask> received his bachelor's degree in education in 1973 and began his coaching career as a graduate at Kent State under James, who left after the 1974 season for Washington. <mask> joined him in Seattle for a season in 1976, spent two years at Bowling Green, then returned to Washington for 12 seasons. <mask> and Alabama head coach Nick Saban were college teammates. <mask> took over the head coaching job at Toledo in 1991 when Saban left to become defensive coordinator for the Cleveland Browns. His roommate at Kent State was Jack Lambert, who would have a Hall of Fame career as middle linebacker for the legendary Pittsburgh Steelers teams of the 1970s.  . <mask> did post-graduate studies at Kent State and Bowling Green State University, and was inducted into the Kent State Varsity "K" Hall of Fame in 1997. Head coaching career

Toledo
Pinkel posted a record of 73-37-3 () in 10 seasons at Toledo, including a 53-23-3 () record in conference. He compiled three West Division titles and the conference championship in 1995.In 1995, <mask>'s Rockets finished undefeated with an 11-0-1 record, won the Vegas Bowl and finished ranked in the Top 25 (AP Poll). They were one of only three teams in the nation to finish the regular season undefeated. The others were Nebraska and Florida, who played for the national championship. In 2000, Toledo went to Penn State and defeated Joe Paterno's Nittany Lions 24-6. <mask> guided Toledo to a 10-1 record that season, 6-1 in conference play. Missouri
Arriving at Missouri after the 2000 season, <mask> led the Tigers to ten bowl games in fifteen years, winning six. The first was in 2003, a 27–14 loss to Arkansas, and the second was a thrilling 38–31 come-from-behind win over the University of South Carolina on December 30, 2005.Missouri then lost to Oregon State, 39–38, in the Brut Sun Bowl. In 2007, a historic year for the Mizzou program, <mask> led his team to a No. 1 AP ranking at the end of the regular season after finishing 11–1. They fell to Oklahoma in the Big 12 Championship game, and played in the Cotton Bowl Classic against Arkansas. The Tigers throttled the Razorbacks, strolling to an easy 38–7 victory and a final season ranking of No. 4 in the AP Poll. <mask>'s other accomplishments while at Mizzou include ending the Tigers 24-year losing streak to Nebraska in 2003 with a 41–24 win in Columbia.Since this win, the two schools have had an intense rivalry, with Missouri falling short in the series only 3–4, until both schools left the conference. In 2006, <mask> led the Tigers to a 6–0 start, the team's first 6–0 start since 1973. However, the team finished 8–5. During the 2007 season, <mask> guided the Tigers to a 12–2 season with an average of 40 points per game, a Big 12 North Championship, and a 38–7 Cotton Bowl Classic victory over Arkansas. The season's most memorable moment came when Missouri defeated rival Kansas 36–28 on a nationally televised game at Arrowhead Stadium. The win propelled Missouri to the No. 1 ranking and ruined Kansas' previously unbeaten record.The only losses during the season twice came at the hands of the Oklahoma Sooners. The first loss was on the road in Norman and the second was in the Big 12 Championship. <mask>'s Tigers were tied with the Sooners at half time but ended up losing. If the Tigers had won they might have retained their then number one BCS ranking and could have played for the BCS National Championship. In 2008, <mask> guided his Tigers to a second consecutive Big 12 North title and a chance to have back to back double digit win seasons. Despite four tough losses, the 2008 campaign concluded with a Big 12 North Championship, the first back to back 10 win season in Missouri history and an Alamo Bowl victory against Northwestern. On November 25, 2008, <mask> signed a new seven-year contract that would bring him $2.3 million per year, from January 1, 2009 through December 31, 2015.On October 23, 2010, <mask> guided the Tigers to their first win over the Oklahoma Sooners since 1998, winning 36–27. The Sooners were ranked No. 1 in the BCS Poll at the time, leading to the third straight week that a No. 1 team lost. The Tigers finished the regular season 10-2 (6-2 Big 12) and tied Nebraska for the Big 12 North Championship, Mizzou's 3rd in 4 years. The Southeastern Conference asked Missouri to join in 2011 in part so the league would not have an uneven number of teams after Texas A&M became the SEC's 13th member. The 2011 season was a letdown, marked by Missouri's record falling to 8-5 and <mask>'s arrest on DUI charges in mid-November.<mask>'s 2012 team finished 5-7 in the SEC East Division and was the first in eight seasons to not go to a bowl game; Florida president Bernard Machen later said that other members saw <mask> as a "quality guy" but "didn't think Missouri had been that good of late". The 2013 and 2014 teams were very successful, however, winning the division in both years; "We had no idea Pinkel was gonna turn around and beat us and be that good that quick", Machen added. Beginning with the 2002 NFL Draft, <mask> has had 26 players selected, including seven first-round choices since 2009. On November 13, 2015, <mask>kin's lymphoma, and wants to spend his remaining years with family and friends. Honors and achievements
<mask> is the record holder for all-time wins at both Toledo and Missouri. For his accomplishments at Toledo, <mask> was inducted into the school's athletic hall of fame in February 2009.<mask> released his autobiography "The 100-Yard Journey: A Life in Coaching and Battling for the Win" (Triumph Books) in September 2017. On 1/10/22, it was announced that <mask> would be inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame. Head coaching record

References

External links
 GaryPinkel.com

1952 births
Living people
American football tight ends
Bowling Green Falcons football coaches
Kent State Golden Flashes football coaches
Kent State Golden Flashes football players
Missouri Tigers football coaches
Toledo Rockets football coaches
Washington Huskies football coaches
Players of American football from Akron, Ohio

masks:
Gary Robin Pinkel
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<mask>un () was a South Korean businessman and inventor, who as a photographer was known under the art name Ahae. He was known as "the millionaire with no face" due to his reclusiveness. <mask> was chairman of Chonghaejin Marine, which operated the MV Sewol ferry between Incheon and Jeju when it sank. The sinking became known as the Sewol ferry disaster. When the Incheon District Court issued a warrant on 22 May 2014 for his arrest, Yoo went into hiding and was South Korea's most-wanted fugitive. In June 2014, police discovered a body that was confirmed to be <mask>'s in July 2014. An investigation into the cause of death was inconclusive because the body was too decomposed.Early life and education
<mask> was born in Kyoto, Japan to Korean parents on 11 February 1941. <mask>'s family returned to Korea following the liberation from Japanese colonial rule in 1945 and settled in Daegu, where <mask> graduated from Seonggwang High School. Career

Religious call
According to the U.S.-based non-profit organization Evangelical Media Group created by <mask> in 2001, "he first began to live for the sake of the gospel in 1961," and that he "worked as an inventor and businessman to support the spreading of the gospel all over the world". Yoo was one of 11 students admitted to the Good News Mission Bible school established in Korea by American and English missionaries, but he was expelled. He founded what later became the Evangelical Baptist Church of Korea, also known as the Salvation Sect, in 1962 with his father-in-law, Pastor Kwon Shin-chan (; 192396). The church was held to be a cult by a conservative Christian denomination, the General Assembly of Presbyterian Churches, in 1992. Acquisition of Samwoo Trading and founding of Semo Corp.
Yoo, while still serving as a pastor, got his start in business when acquiring the bankrupt textile company Samwoo Trading Co. () in 1976.He took over as CEO in 1978, and turned it into a toy manufacturing and export company. Yoo went into shipping when he founded Semo Corp. () in 1979, a holding company that came to span shipping, shipbuilding, domestic ferry businesses, electronics, real estate, cosmetics, paint, stuffed toys, pewter, and various other ventures. Semo started operating ferries on Seoul's Han River in 1986, two years before the city held the Summer Olympics. Odaeyang mass suicide
Yoo came to public attention in connection with the Odaeyang mass suicide in 1987. Police were investigating accusations against a 48-year-old woman, Park Soon-ja, saying that she had swindled  billion (~ million) from about 220 people. Odeyang Trading Co. was a firm that established by Park who used to attend Evangelical Baptist Church of Korea and Jehovah's Witnesses in the past. Yoo has denied any link to the group.On 29 August 1987 thirty-two members of the sect who believed in doomsday, including Park Soon-ja and her three children, were found dead, bound and gagged. Police assumed the event was a murder–suicide pact, and the prosecution initially suspected that Yoo was linked to the case; but he was never charged, and the police closed the case as a mass suicide. After six people, including a former follower of Park named Kim Do-hyun, surrendered to authorities on 10 July 1991, the case was reopened and found money transactions between Odaeyang Trading Co. and a member of Evangelical Baptist Church. However, the money transactions revealed that they had nothing to do with Odaeyang Trading Co. case, and private loan of Odaeyang Trading Co. Those were normal payment remittances of goods between Park and the member of Evangelical Baptist Church before establishment of Odaeyang Trading Co. Yoo was arrested and, in 1992, convicted of "habitual fraud under the mask of religion" for his role in colluding with one of his employees to collect donations from church members in the amount of  billion (~ million) and invest them in his businesses. He served a 4-year prison term. In November 2014, report says Incheon District Prosecutor's Office confirm in May there was no connection between Yoo and Odaeyang incident. Semo Corp. bankruptcy
By 1990, Semo Corp. had 1,800 employees, but the ferry businesses suffered maritime accidents.In 1990, 14 Semo workers were killed when their cruise ship on the Han River was hit by another ship. The company was cleared of any liability for the incident. Semo grew into the biggest ferry operator by 1994, operating 30 ships, and once had nearly 3,000 employees. Semo Group filed for bankruptcy with more than  billion (~ million) in debts amidst the 1997 Asian financial crisis, in the wake of a series of highly publicized scandals, citing business diversification as the cause of a cash shortage that had fuelled a rise in debts in its bankruptcy protection petition, and was liquidated. After Semo's bankruptcy, <mask>'s family continued to operate ferry businesses under the names of other companies, including one that eventually became Chonghaejin Marine, and grew to become the monopolistic operator of ferries linking Incheon and Jeju. Chonghaejin Marine Company Ltd. was set up two years later on 24 February 1999, a day before a court approved the restructuring of the bankrupt Semo, and became a key entity to consolidate Semo's shipping business, taking over ships and assets held by Semo Marine, and had its debts written off. Other ventures
According to Chaebul.com, an online information provider on large businesses, <mask> and his family own 30 business operators, with 13 doing business abroad such as in the U.S., Hong Kong and France.Their combined assets amount to some  billion (~ million). The collective assets of the 13 overseas operations surged to  billion (~ million) at the end of 2013. In France in 2012, Yoo made headlines prior to his photo exhibition in the Tuileries Garden at The Louvre when he through his public relations company, Ahae Press, bought the abandoned village of Courbefy for  (,  million). <mask> had seen it on CNN, and wanted to set up an "environmental, artistic and cultural" project in the village. Yoo has a wide range of other business interests according to official documents and information on company websites. He owns a plantation in the United States called 123Farm, one of the largest organic lavender farms in California started in 2001 at the site of the Highland Springs Resort, a  property consisting of a 56-room hotel, conference center, and restaurants. Yoo was chairman of the board of the company that bought the resort in May 1990 for  million.I-One-I Holdings subsidiary Dapanda owns 9.9percent of the Highland Springs Conference and Training Centre at the resort, according to regulatory filings. Inventions
As an inventor, Yoo holds multiple patents, one being for a colonic irrigation system, for which he received an International Federation of Inventors' Associations' prize at the 2006 Seoul International Invention Fair. The invention is marketed in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Germany, South Korea, Philippines, and Malaysia by NaeClear, and is sold in South Korea by the company Dapanda. It "arose from the concept of Hemato-Centric Health, which revolves around the blood as being the center of life." supposedly a concept created by <mask> and his non-profit research organization Hemato-Centric Life Institute (New York) chaired by his younger son Keith H. <mask> (Yoo Hyuk-kee, ; born 1972); sponsored by NaeClear Co., Ltd. and daughter Yoo Som-na's company Moreal Design Inc., Yoo delivered keynote speeches at the 2010–13Hemato-Centric Life Forum meetings in Seoul organized by Hemato-Centric Life Foundation. Ahae
Ahae (), which means "child" in old Korean language, was a nickname used in reference to <mask> in correspondence on an Evangelical Baptist Church website EBC World (). Through his PR companies Ahae Press, Inc. in New York, Ahae Press France in Paris, and Ahae Press Ltd. UK in London, <mask>.<mask> was unknown as a photographer before 2011. The project titled Through My Window began in early spring 2009 and continued for 4 years, during which time Yoo allegedly took about 2.7 million photographs, all through one window, which equates to a rate of roughly one photo every 60 seconds. The collection mainly consists of natural scenes shot through the window of <mask>'s own studio. The location is the rural commune belonging to the Evangelical Baptist Church called "Geumsuwon" () east of Anseong south of Seoul, where <mask> lived. <mask> first exhibited Through My Window in the Vanderbilt Hall of Grand Central Terminal, New York City, in April 2011; co-produced by daughter <mask> Som-na's company Moreal Design, it was organized by Hemato-Centric Life Institute, and sponsored by Highland Springs Resort and Bear Family Green Club. His exhibition Through My Window: Vibrancy and Serenity was on display on the same location in October 2011. <mask> did not attend the exhibition that was unveiled by his second son, <mask> Hyuk-kee, known outside South Korea as Keith H. <mask>.Keith, as CEO of Ahae Press, curated his father's exhibitions. As a travelling exhibition, Through My Window was then on display in Europe at the National Gallery in Prague, Clarence House Gardens, Lancaster House, and Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew in London, Vremena Goda Galleries in Moscow, Museo Nazionale Alinari della Fotografia in Florence, and in Magazzini del Sale, Venice. From June to August 2012, Through My Window (De ma fenêtre) was displayed in a , four-story bespoke exhibition pavilion erected in the Tuileries Garden, that is administratively attached to The Louvre, in Paris. English film composer Ilan Eshkeri was commissioned to write a twelve-part tone poem. Pre-recorded in Abbey Road Studios by the London Metropolitan Orchestra the 46 minutes composition played alongside the exhibition, and was later released on Blu-ray Disc. For the gala dinner in the exhibition pavilion on 25 June 2012 Keith H<mask> had commissioned British composer Michael Nyman to write a 26 minutes long piano quintet in four movements titled Through the Only Window. The work was subsequently recorded by Nyman Quintet in the Abbey Road Studios, and released on Nyman's record label.Hervé Barbaret, deputy to former director of The Louvre Henri Loyrette, disclosed to L'Express in 2014 that "The Louvre did not pay a penny to organize this event. The artist paid the production entirely and paid a little more than  (~, ~ million) to exhibit himself in the Tuileries". Ahae further donated  million (~ million, ~ billion) to the Louvre. French magazine A nous Paris in its 25 June 2012 edition asked Keith H. Yoo the question: "The exhibition is a significant cost. Do you have any sponsors?" To which Keith answered: "No. We are funding everything with the money from our different companies.We are not interested in outside pressure and want to enjoy total freedom." For his second solo exhibition in France, Fenêtre sur l'extraordinaire (Window on the Extraordinary), Ahae rented the Orangerie Hall of the Palace of Versailles from 25 June to 9 September 2013. To mark the end of the exhibition, Michael Nyman was again commissioned, and wrote a 32-minute symphony in four movements for the occasion, Symphony No. 6"AHAE", representing the four seasons in nature as depicted by Ahae. French composer Nicolas Bacri was commissioned to write a 29-minute symphonic piece, his opus 130, titled "Ahae's Day (Four Images for Orchestra)". The London Symphony Orchestra was hired to premiere both pieces at L'Opéra of the Palace of Versailles in Paris on 8 September 2013. Both pieces were recorded for a planned future release.Ahae was the sole patron of the Bosquet du Théâtre d'Eau (Water Theatre Grove) (fr) currently being recreated with sculptures by Jean-Michel Othoniel in the area of the Gardens of Versailles, donating  million (~ million, ~ billion). Catherine Pégard, head of the Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles who administer the Palace of Versailles, disclosed that the exhibition was on a sponsorship basis, saying "The artist himself wanted to rent the Orangerie. But we never communicate the numbers." Spurred by investigative reporting initially published by Bernard Hasquenoph, French Le Monde and British The Times wrote that Ahae gave  million (~ million, ~ billion) to Versailles. Financial Times in its review of the Versailles exhibition wrote:

The Economist wrote:

Parisian newspapers Le Monde and Libération, several French art magazines, as well as Korean expatriates in France in an open letter on 12 June to French Minister of Culture Aurélie Filippetti, Catherine Pégard, president of the Château de Versailles, Henri Loyrette, ex-president of the Louvre and co-president of the French-Korean Year, and Bruno Ory-Lavollé, director of the Forest Festival in Compiègne, have raised their concerns over French cultural institutions accepting self-financed exhibitions in return for donations. La Croix on 3 July wrote that French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius would write to Versailles to demand the termination of the Ahae sponsorship there. Ahae, through his company Ahae Press, was a patron of the Forest Festival, a classical music festival in the forests of Compiègne, northern France.His photographs were to be projected during a gala concert at Théâtre Impérial de Compiègne on 4 July 2014. The sponsorship commitment was  (~, ~ million). Following the open letter on 12 June from Korean expatriates in France to, among others, Minister of Culture Aurélie Filippetti and the director of the Forest Festival, and subsequent talks between the festival and the Ministry of Culture, Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius on 30 June gave written notice to the festival suggesting the projection should be renounced "out of sensitivity and respect for the Korean people mourning [following the sinking of Sewol], in particular the families of the young victims, and in the interest of the Festival and of France"; the projection and the sponsorship was cancelled on 2 July. An Ahae exhibition produced by Ahae Press titled Les échos du temps de près et de loin (Echos of Time: Far and Near) for the opening season of the new Philharmonie de Paris was scheduled for 5 May to 28 September 2015, and a concert sponsored by Ahae Press on 15 June 2015 in Philharmonie de Paris featuring Nyman's Symphony

masks:
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 No. 6 "Ahae" and Beethoven's Symphony No. 6 "Pastorale" was announced; both have been cancelled. French newspaper La Croix in a comment to the sinking of the MV Sewol wrote:

France Info commented:

Gallery

The sinking of the Sewol

The ferry Sewol capsized and sank on 16 April 2014.It was carrying 476 people, mostly secondary school students from Danwon High School who were travelling from Incheon towards Jeju. The sinking resulted in 304 deaths, and is the worst ferry disaster in South Korea since 14 December 1970, when the sinking of the ferry Namyoung cost 326 people out of 338 their lives. Sewol was operated by the company Chonghaejin Marine. Ownership
Before his death, <mask> had widely been described as "the owner of" or "the de facto owner of" the sunken ferry Sewol, and was former chairman of Chonghaejin Marine. Son Byong-ki, Yoo's lawyer, stated on 25 April that Yoo "has no financial ties to Chonghaejin or its subsidiaries." A press release from Yoo's U.S. publicist, Ahae Press Inc., stated that "[Mr. Yoo] does not own any shares, direct or indirect, of Chonghaejin." Financial filings confirmed that Yoo had no stake in the shipping company.<mask> was the head of the family who partially own Chonghaejin Marine, and is believed to have exercised influence through a web of company cross-shareholdings. His two sons, <mask> Dae-kyun (; born ), and second son <mask> Hyuk-kee, are controlling the shipping firm through a majority stake in the investment vehicle I-One-I Holdings as well as 13 unlisted affiliates which through a tangled web of ownership structure own each other, a structure prosecutors describe as pyramid-like, and ultimately is controlled by individuals― <mask>'s two sons and seven of his friends. Chung Sun-seop, editor of Chaebul.com, a website that analyses South Korea's chaebol business groups, said that "This kind of shadow management through his children or close aides is not uncommon among chaebol companies." On 23 April investigators of the Incheon District Prosecutors' Office raided the head office of Chonghaejin Marine, and some 20 offices of its affiliates, as well as the office of the Evangelical Baptist Church in Yongsan, central Seoul. Prosecutors suspected that funds from members of the religious group had been used in business operations of Chonghaejin Marine and Yoo Byung-eun. The prosecution found more than 100 bogus companies, many of them set up and operated by followers of a Yoo's religious group, had paid <mask> and his two sons at least  billion (~ million) for their "consulting services," and had purchased photos taken by <mask>. <mask>'s religious group denied cross-border transactions with affiliates of the ferry operator.The Prosecution secured video footage of a lecture Yoo delivered to the sect's believers in April 2010, in which <mask> admitted to have registered properties under the names of other persons. A lawyer representing <mask> Dae-kyun and <mask> Hyuk-kee said on 22 April that "If there is any legal responsibility, the owners are willing to offer their wealth and assets to help compensate the victims." Leadership
Michael Ham, managing director of Ahae Press and co-director of Evangelical Media Group, in a press release 25 April 2014 said: "Mr. Yoo does not have any involvement in the management or day-to-day operations of Chonghaejin Marine Co. ... I know that he has been spending every single day of the past four to five years focusing on his photography work." <mask>'s lawyer stated that <mask> had not been involved in corporate management since Semo went bankrupt in 1997. Investigators obtained evidence indicating <mask> as the de facto leader of the company. One piece of evidence was a detailed list of all the company's staff prepared on 15 April 2014, a day before the sinking of the MV Sewol, which named <mask> as chairman of Chonghaejin Marine with employee number A99001, or employee No.1 at the company, which was established in 1999. They also discovered a pay stub that records a payment of  million (~) monthly over more than a year. They have also obtained testimony from others that <mask> was directly involved in managing the ferry operator. Sewol was remodeled between October 2012 and February 2013 to increase the number of passenger cabins and add a fifth floor, mainly used as an exhibition hall for photographs by <mask> (Ahae). The employee of Chonghaejin who was in charge of the refitting testified that he carried out the expansion under the direction of <mask>. Investigators found that <mask> has glossed over critical problems with the stability of the refurbished vessel. According to the prosecution, the regular captain of the Sewol testified that he had warned Chonghaejin Marine of serious stability problems with the vessel, and Kim Han-shik, the chief of Chonghaejin Marine notified Yoo of the risks of overloading it with freight in January 2014.Kim reportedly pointed out the ferry's weakened ability to recover left-and-right balance when tilted due to the extension in the number of cabins, and advised Yoo to sell off the ferry. <mask> allegedly told them to keep running Sewol as usual and put up for sale both the sister ship Ohamana and Sewol in March. On 20 May it was confirmed that the overloading and remodeling of the ship compromised its ability to maintain stability at the time of the accident. Allegations and charges
Based on the evidence, prosecutors concluded that Yoo was the one who directed operation and execution of business, and planned to hold Yoo vicariously liable for the acts of the operator's crew members. Accordingly, the prosecution was poised to cite "negligent homicide" in its application of criminal law against Yoo. Yoo was charged with embezzlement, breach of trust and tax evasion. He is suspected of embezzling  billion (~ million) from his companies, including  billion (~ million) transferred overseas illegally, as part of a scheme to sell his nature photographs to his companies for tens of millions of won.He also owes an estimated  billion (~ million) in taxes for the photos sold. Prosecutors also found evidence that <mask>'s family set up several paper companies with no consultants, which then collected some  billion (~ million) in consulting fees from companies related to Semo Group over the last few years. They are also looking into circumstantial evidence that <mask>'s family has claimed commission fees of tens of billions of won from the related companies for the use of trademark rights for names like Sewol. On 30 June, the prosecution announced its intention to indict <mask>, irrespective of whether or not he was apprehended, citing "homicide by negligence" in the charges. Investigation
Yoo made no known public appearances since the Sewol sank. Within the first week of investigation the Ministry of Justice banned <mask>, his eldest son <mask> Dae-kyun, and more than 60 other employees in various companies owned by <mask> or his sons from leaving South Korea. Son Byeong-gi, a lawyer representing both Yoo, Chonghaejin Marine, and I-One-I Holdings, said on 22 April that "If there is any legal responsibility, the owners are willing to offer their wealth and assets to help compensate the victims."The Park Geun-hye administration pledged to exercise the right to indemnity against <mask> and Chonghaejin Marine as soon as the state compensates victims' families. The combined damages from the sinking of the Sewol are estimated to reach  trillion (~ billion). The accumulated value of the assets owned by <mask> and his family is estimated at over  billion (~ million). It includes an estimated  billion (~ million) held by <mask> himself,  billion (~ million) by eldest daughter <mask> Som-na,  billion (~ million) by eldest son Yoo Dae-kyun, and  billion (~ million) by the second son <mask> Hyuk-kee. Son Byeong-gi representing <mask> told the Chosun Ilbo on 24 April that reports that Yoo's assets total  billion were not true, but that Yoo had "voiced his willingness to donate his entire  billion (~ million) estate due to his deep sorrow for those who lost their lives aboard the Sewol." A prosecution official investigating Yoo's holdings said there was a "huge gap" between what the former chairman claimed he was worth and what investigators had found out so far. Son claimed on 25 April that he had been misunderstood and by  billion had meant "tens of billions" of won, and that Yoo was willing to donate his "entire" assets, whatever their size.Son later resigned as lawyer for the family on 15 May. A financier of the Evangelical Baptist Church of Korea was summoned for questioning on 24 April to trace deals between the sect and companies run by <mask> and his two sons. Transcripts of land registers showed that four days later <mask> and his family signed over some 24 properties worth around  billion (~ million) to the Evangelical Baptist Church of Korea on 28 and 29 April. On 13 May, the Incheon District Prosecutors' Office summoned <mask> to appear for questioning by 16 May, but he failed to heed the call, and was presumed hiding in the church compound Geumsuwon south of Seoul. All of <mask>'s children and a number of key suspects had ignored the summons. Yoo failed to appear at a court hearing on 20 May. On 22 May the Incheon District Court issued an arrest warrant and Korean authorities offered a  million () reward for information leading to the arrest of Yoo.On 25 May the reward was raised tenfold to  million (). Prosecutors warned on 24 May that anyone who helps <mask> in hiding faces up to three years in prison. Four members of Yoo's religious group were arrested 25 May for assisting <mask> to escape detection by the police. On 26 May Yoo's religious group, in an apparent move to confuse investigators, said that <mask> might have returned early in the morning to Geumsuwon, the church commune in Anseong, Gyeonggi Province. Geumsuwon is known as the main residence of <mask>. A spokesperson for the sect later announced that Yoo had not returned, further saying, "We hope Yoo doesn't get arrested. A 100,000 followers will protect Yoo.Even if the entire congregation of 100,000 believers is arrested, we won't hand him over." Lee Jae-ok, another member of Yoo's religious group, chairman of Yoo's Hemato-Centric Life Foundation, and one of <mask>'s close aides, was arrested on 26 May on charges of planning Yoo's life as a fugitive and helping him evade detection for weeks. President Park Geun-hye during a Cabinet meeting on 27 May ordered a quick arrest of the fugitive Yoo saying he and his family "is ridiculing the law and causing indignation among the people." Beginning 27 May, police doubled the number of officers deployed for the search for <mask> from 24,000 to almost 50,000. Yoo Som-na
Yoo's eldest daughter, <mask> Som-na (; born 1966), was summoned for questioning multiple times by the prosecution, but evaded the office's investigation. She headed the interior design and consulting firm Moreal Design with offices on New York's Park Avenue and in Seoul, which has done design work for many of Semo's affiliates, Debauve & Gallais, Hemato-Centric Life Institute, and NaeClear, and has sponsored Yoo's photographic exhibitions. On 9 May 2014, police raided the firm's office in southern Seoul on suspicion it had been involved in forming the family's slush funds and managing them in overseas accounts.On 11 May, the authorities issued an arrest warrant for Som-na after she failed to appear for questioning. Som-na had been staying in France since February 2013 on a temporary residence visa. She is accused of embezzling  billion ( million) from her affiliates including Dapanda since 2003, while working as the head of Moreal Design in Seoul. On 23 May an Interpol Red Notice was issued, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs ordered Som-na to surrender her passport, while the Ministry of Justice dispatched local investigators to France to discuss potential extradition. French law enforcement authorities arrested Som-na under the international arrest warrant on 27 May in her Paris apartment, reportedly worth  billion (US$2.44 million), near Champs-Élysées. The Ministry of Justice said that it would repatriate Som-na following a repatriation trial in France. She appeared before a judge on 28 May, who decided against releasing her on bail.Through her French lawyer, Patrick Maisonneuve, Som-na said she wss innocent of the charges brought against her. An appeals court on 11 June rejected Som-na's request for bail, citing flight risk. A renewed request to be released pending the extradition decision 17 September was rejected by a Paris judge on 9 July. She was held at the Fresnes Prison and was projected to bring her extradition case to the French Supreme Court, or even to judicial authorities of the European Union, which could have delayed her repatriation up to one year. On 2 June 2017 the appeal on the extradition order for <mask> Som-na was rejected by the highest administrative court in France, and on 7 June 2017 she was arrested by South-Korean officials at the Charles de Gaulle airport, aboard a plane from Korean Airlines bound for Korea. Eight aides
During the month of May, numerous persons were questioned and arrested, among them eight people who held top positions at subsidiary companies in Yoo's sphere of influence. Song Kook-bin (; born ) was summoned for questioning on 30 April.He is CEO of Chonghaejin affiliate Dapanda, a direct-sales company distributing health supplements and cosmetics, and previously served as CEO of I-One-I Holdings. <mask>'s first son, Dae-kyun, is the biggest shareholders of Dapanda. Dapanda holds a 16.2 percent stake in Chonhaeji, the largest shareholder of Chonghaejin Marine, the operator of the ferry Sewol. Song was subsequently arrested, detained, and on 21 May indicted on charges of embezzling company funds and channeling the money to <mask> and his family, including suspicions of purchasing photographs taken by <mask> for as much as  million (~) each, dealing significant damage to the company. Lee Jae-young (; born ), Ahae Corp CEO, was arrested on 9 May, on charges of breach of trust and facilitating financial irregularities by buying millions of dollars worth of Yoo's photos at prices far higher than market value, thus funding his photography career. Lee Gang-se (; born ), former Ahae Corp CEO, was

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 questioned in early May over suspicions of aiding <mask> in the establishment of slush funds. Lee admitted that his former company, Ahae Corp, had paid bogus consultation fees to a shell company operated by <mask>, but said these actions were company custom and had taken place before he became CEO.Lee allegedly received orders to invest Ahae Corp money in the firm Ahae Press France, a company established to publish <mask>'s photographs. Lee was arrested on 23 May and charged with extracting more than  billion (~ million) from Ahae Corp through an illegal lending scheme. Park Seung-il (; born ), auditor of I-One-I Holdings and <mask>'s close aid was indicted on 23 May on charges of embezzling  billion (~ million) in company money. Byeon Ki-choon (; born 1972), CEO of both Semo's shipbuilding unit Chonhaiji and of I-One-I Holdings, and Go Chang-hwan (; born ), the CEO of Semo, were in early May suspected of causing tens of billions of won (tens of millions of dollars) in losses to their companies by paying large sums of company funds to purchase photographs by Yoo at excessively high prices and for consulting services from a paper company owned by <mask>'s family. They were indicted on 28 May on charges of inflicting  billion (~ million) worth of losses on their firms to help <mask>'s family create slush funds. Kim Dong-hwan (; born ), auditor of Dapanda and senior executive at I-One-I Holdings, was arrested in mid May, and indicted on embezzlement charges on 29 May. Oh Kyung-seok (; born ), CEO of Hemato-Centric Life Institute and in charge of selling <mask>'s photography works, was indicted on embezzlement charges on 31 May.The criminal trial of the eight defendants started at Incheon District Court on 16 June, the eight being accused of embezzlement, breach of fiduciary duty and other instances of corruption, with prosecutors alleging that the defendants inflicted between  billion (~ million) and  billion (~ million) worth of losses on their firms to help <mask>'s family create slush funds. Three of the defendants denied their charges, the others admitted to irregular intragroup trading, saying that they acted on the orders of <mask>'s eldest son, Dae-kyun, and Yoo's close aide Kim Phil-bae, who both reportedly fled to the United States. Kwon Oh-kyun
Yoo's brother-in-law, Kwon Oh-kyun (; born ), the younger brother to <mask>'s wife, Kwon Yun-ja, was arrested at his home in southern Seoul on charges of negligence on 6 June. Kwon, a key leader of the Salvation Sect, is CEO of the construction firm Trigon Korea, a core affiliate of Chonghaejin Marine, and suspected of embezzling company funds to illicitly transfer to <mask> and <mask>'s children. On 8 June, a court warrant was issued to detain Kwon, inhibiting he fled the country or destroyed evidence. Kwon became the first relative of <mask> to be indicted on 24 June. He is accused of funneling funds of nearly  billion (~ million) into his business after taking out loans with assets of the Evangelical Baptist Church as collateral in 2010, according to prosecutors.<mask> Byung-il
<mask>'s older brother, <mask> Byung-il (; born ), was the first member of <mask>'s family who, on 11 May, appeared for questioning. Byung-il was the managing director of the religious facility called Geumsuwon. Prosecutors said they believed that Byung-il had received consultation fees of  million (~) from Chonghaejin Marine each month, and that they had testimonies that he had illegally intervened in the company's management. Byung-il was arrested one month later on 13 June, near Geumsuwon. The prosecution team requested and was granted a pretrial detention warrant for Byung-il on 16 June. On 2 July Byung-il was indicted on embezzlement charges suspected of having received a combined  million (~) from Chonghaejin Marine as consulting fees between June 2010 and April 2014. Shin Myung-hee
Shin Myung-hee (; born ), a member of the Evangelical Baptist Church called "Mother Shin" by devotees of the sect, had been wanted by law enforcement authorities under suspicion of masterminding <mask>'s escape, and on 13 June turned herself in to authorities in Suwon, Gyeonggi.Shin was detained and in July indicted on charges of playing a major role in helping Yoo evade capture. Oh Gabriel
An unnamed person acting for <mask> contacted the Embassy of France in Seoul in late May and asked about the possibility of Yoo seeking political asylum. The embassy declined the request due to <mask>'s status as a criminal suspect. Local media outlets said Yoo's middleman also made asylum enquiries at the embassies of the Philippines, the Czech Republic, and Canada. <mask>'s eldest brother-in-law, Oh Gabriel (; born ), married to <mask>'s younger sister, <mask> Gyeong-hee (; born ), was arrested with his wife on 19 June, allegedly for aiding <mask>'s escape. The arrest came following testimony provided by two key adherents of the Evangelical Baptist Church that were arrested earlier in June, saying Oh drove Yoo out of the religious group's commune, Geumsuwon, on 23 April after police surrounded the compound. Oh, who served as the Korean ambassador to the Czech Republic from January 2010 through June 2013, reportedly played a significant role in garnering support for <mask>'s photo exhibitions in France.Oh is currently under review by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs's disciplinary committee for allegations that he abused his authority to help Yoo hold a photo exhibition in France and other European countries. The Prosecution suspect that Oh contacted the French Embassy on behalf of <mask>. When questioned, Oh testified that <mask>'s family and followers funded and gave him information about the authorities' movements. Oh and his wife were released on 26 June reportedly with the expressed willingness to actively cooperate with the investigation and mediate the surrender of <mask>, and because under Korean criminal law family members to a fugitive cannot be punished for hiding or aiding the suspect. Kwon Yun-ja
Yoo's wife, Kwon Yun-ja (; born ), was put on the nation's most wanted list in June. She has been the CEO of a door-to-door sales company, Dalgubeol (), in the southern city of Daegu. Kwon was detained in an apartment in Bundang, Gyeonggi Province on 21 June and taken in for questioning on charges of embezzling funds from the Evangelical Baptist Church and her company, reportedly amounting to more than  billion () that had been handed over to her husband and her son to expand their business.To keep her in custody, the prosecution asked on 23 June the Incheon District Court to issue an arrest warrant, which was granted on 24 June. On 14 July prosecutors filed embezzlement charges against Kwon. <mask> Byung-ho
Yoo's younger brother, <mask> Byung-ho (; born ), father-in-law of singer Park Jin-young, was arrested at his residence in Daegu on 22 June. The Court issued a custody warrant on 24 June. Byung-ho is suspected of embezzlement, totaling at least  billion (~ million), from Chonghaejin Marine's sister firms, and to have borrowed  billion (~ million) from one of the family affiliates, and allegedly made members of the religious group pay back  billion (~ million) on his behalf while the affiliate suffered losses of  billion (~ million). Lee Seok-hwan
On 25 June Lee Seok-hwan (; born ), considered <mask>'s "right-hand man," was arrested in a parking lot in Suwon, south of Seoul, after avoiding a manhunt for weeks. An influential member of the Evangelical Baptist Church, Lee is suspected of helping Yoo avoid arrest.A court-issued warrant on Lee was sought on 27 June. Ongoing investigation
In mid June 2014, Chonhaiji Co. Ltd., a ship block maker controlled by <mask>'s sons, and the major shareholder of Chonghaejin Marine Company with 39.4%, lodged its application for receivership at the Changwon District Court. Chonhaiji had  billion (~ million) in outstanding debt to main creditor Korea Development Bank. On 27 June the Government of South Korea had calculated the costs in connection with the sinking of the ferry Sewol to  billion (~ million), and lodged a claim to any properties held directly or by proxy by <mask> and Chonghaejin Marine at the Seoul Central District Court to cover compensation payments for the victims. The Court on 4 July ordered the sequestration of assets owned by <mask> Byung-eun, four officials of Chonghaejin Marine, and eight crew members aboard Sewol. <mask> while on the run purchased around  of land near a property in South Jeolla Province where he sought refuge in May, according to prosecutors. He paid  million (~) and registered it under the names of the married couple, members of his religious group, who run a rest stop and restaurant near Suncheon and are suspected of aiding <mask>'s escape from the law.The Incheon District Court on 2 July ordered in its third decision to temporarily seize an additional  billion (~ million) worth of assets owned by <mask> and his family, including the newly acquired property as well as 10 stores in Gangnam District, Seoul, valued at  billion (~ million), an apartment owned by <mask>'s son Hyuk-kee valued at  billion (~ million), and cameras confiscated from a restaurant run by his other son Dae-kyun valued at  million (~). <mask> Dae-kyun
<mask>'s first son, <mask> Dae-kyun, was involved in the day-to-day operations of Chonghaejin Marine. He was the biggest shareholder of four affiliates of the family businesses, including the holding company of the operator of Sewol, I-One-I Holdings. Prosecutors found evidence proving that Dae-kyun received monthly wages from affiliates that he did not own shares of. He is suspected of collecting billions of won in "consulting fees" from the firms and creating a slush fund. Dae-gyun also registered the name "Ohamana" for a sister ferry of the Sewol. Dae-gyun was wanted on a string of corruption charges and irregularities that are believed to have contributed to the sinking of the Sewol.Dae-kyun bought an airplane ticket to France and was reportedly spotted at Incheon International Airport on 19 April, but didn't board the plane. He was supposed to appear for questioning at the Incheon District Prosecutors' Office, but failed to show up. Prosecutors obtained an arrest warrant for Dae-kyun on 13 May, but investigators were unable to find him. He was placed on the most-wanted list amid fears that he would flee the country. The Court approved on 20 May a proposal by the Prosecution and the National Tax Service to place real estate assets worth  billion (~ million) under confiscation. Among the properties was land in the Seocho District and Gangnam District of southern Seoul and two business offices in Gangnam-gu. All properties had been registered in the name of <mask> Dae-kyun.On 22 May the Korean authorities labeled <mask> Byung-eun and <mask> Dae-kyun as fugitives, and initially offered a  million (~) reward for Yoo and a  million (~) reward for Dae-kyun for information leading to their arrest. On 25 May the rewards were raised to  million (~) for the older <mask> and to  million (~) for the son, the largest amount ever offered by an investigative authority as a reward in South Korea. <mask> Hyuk-kee
<mask>'s second son, <mask> Hyuk-kee, reportedly was involved in the day-to-day managing of Chonghaejin Marine. Hyuk-kee, apart from his stake in I-One-I Holdings, owned some 10 percent stake in Ahae Corp., a paint manufacturing company, and a stake in Ahae Press Corp. As CEO of Ahae Press Inc. in New York, Ahae Press France in Paris, and Ahae Press Ltd. UK in London, he built up his fathers image as a talented photographer, and curated his exhibitions. Hyuk-kee had been summoned for questioning by 8 May, but ignored the summonses. On 23 May an Interpol Red Notice was issued. He is suspected of helping his father establish a slush fund through paper companies.Hyuk-kee, who is known outside Korea as Keith H<mask>, was based in the U.S. and, according to sources, either had permanent residence status or held a U.S. citizenship. He left South Korea for the U.S. shortly after the sinking of the Sewol on 16 April, and attempted to make his way to France but didn't get on his booked flight. Hyuk-kee and his wife allegedly owned at least three apartments in Manhattan and near the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, then estimated to be worth around  million (~ billion). The prosecutors asked the United States Department of Homeland Security's Investigations Directorate to track down real estate and deposits under the names of the siblings or affiliates of the family business. Personal life
Yoo was known, due to his reclusiveness, as "the millionaire with no face." He married Kwon Yun-ja (; born ), the daughter of Kwon Shin-chan, in 1966. He had four children with her: daughter <mask> Sum-na (; born 1966), also known as Ennette Yoo, daughter <mask> Sang-na (; born ), son <mask> Dae-kyun (; born ), and second son <mask> Hyuk-kee (; born 1972), also known as Keith H. <mask>.Death
South Korean authorities initially offered a  million (~) reward for information leading to the arrest of <mask>. On 25 May 2014, the reward was raised tenfold to  million (~). In June 2014, South Korean police discovered <mask>'s heavily decomposed body in a plum field in Suncheon, a city about  south of Seoul. Yoo was wearing an "expensive Italian jacket", and surrounding his body was "a copy of a book he had written, an empty bottle of a shark liver oil health tonic manufactured by a Yoo family company and several empty bottles of alcohol". Initially, the police believed that the body belonged to a homeless man, but further investigation in July 2014 based on analysis of DNA, dental, and fingerprint evidence confirmed that the body was <mask>'s. An investigation into Yoo's cause of death was inconclusive because the body was too decomposed. According to Lee Han-Young, the head of the Central Legal Medical Center, no evidence of alcohol, poison, or external force was found.Bibliography

References

External links

, Advancing the teachings and beliefs of the Korean Evangelical Baptist Church

1941 births
2014 deaths
South Korean photographers
Landscape photographers
South Korean artists
South Korean inventors
People from Kyoto
South Korean religious leaders
South Korean businesspeople
MV Sewol
South Korean people convicted of tax crimes
People convicted of

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