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<mask> (born October 17, 1971) is an American rock guitarist, composer and music producer, currently residing in Los Angeles, California. He was discovered by Guitar for the Practicing Musician magazine at the age of 16, which assisted him in releasing instrumental recordings on an independent basis. <mask>'s high profile as a gifted guitar virtuoso and musician opened the doors to an early career as a first-call guitar sideman and session musician. <mask> is most often recognized from his time playing with Jack Bruce and Ginger Baker (Cream) as well as his brief tenure with the rock band Poison. <mask>'s early success in the music industry would eventually blossom into a career in producing and composing for television and film. Early life and career
<mask> was born to musician parents, who introduced him at an early age to several musical instruments. He started to play guitar at the age of nine.When he was thirteen, he broke his elbow when he fell from a go-kart and asked the doctor to position the cast in a way that allowed him to remove it from his sling to practice guitar during his recovery. When he was nineteen, <mask> moved to Los Angeles to seek a career in music. Career
When <mask> was still a teenager, his manager sent a demo tape to singer Michael Bolton, who decided to enlist him to play on a song for Cher's album, Heart of Stone. The album also featured musicians like Peter Cetera, Bonnie Tyler, Desmond Child, and others. His demo tape then reached the Guitar for the Practicing Musician magazine. The magazine, which was about to launch a new record label, offered Saraceno a record deal. Saraceno released his first album titled Never Look Back in 1989.<mask> won an audition with Jack Bruce and Ginger Baker, former members of Cream, and started touring with them. After two successful US tours, Saraceno was sometimes referred to as the "kid that replaced Eric Clapton". After another year of overseas touring, Baker departed and was replaced by Simon Phillips (Who, Toto) and eventually Gary Husband (Level 42). Saraceno released two other solo albums (Plaid and Hairpick) as well as furthering his reputation as a top call session guitarist and landing many high-profile equipment endorsements. In 1993, Saraceno joined the band Poison as lead guitarist and songwriter after Richie Kotzen was fired. After a South American tour which included the famous Hollywood rock festival in Brazil, Saraceno recorded the album Crack a Smile with the band. However, Capitol Records decided to shelve the album, releasing the 1996 compilation album, Poison's Greatest Hits: 1986–1996, instead.Still, the album featured two of the new songs recorded with Saraceno. After some time, <mask> left the group amicably and was replaced by one of the band's former guitarists, C.C. DeVille. In 2000, Capitol finally decided to release the Crack a Smile album under the name Crack a Smile... and More!. The album features fifteen tracks recorded by Saraceno. After his departure from Poison, Saraceno met the vice-president of Advertising of Fox Television, who was a fan of Saraceno's earlier instrumental work. This resulted in Saraceno working on soundtracks and songs for several television shows and films.In 2000, <mask> founded the band, Transmission OK. <mask> also worked as record producer for the band, which was signed to Beyond Records, and was distributed by BMG. After a brief US tour, and lackluster support from the label, the group disbanded and Saraceno continued to work on television and film, as well as his session work. <mask>'s has done session work with everyone from Ziggy Marley (Dragonfly) to Melissa Etheridge (Lucky), earning him a reputation for being a "go-to guy" for many of Los Angeles' top record producers and engineers. Saraceno has also produced for artists including Scott Caan (Hawaii Five-0, Oceans 11), Eric Balfour (24, Haven, Chainsaw Massacre) of Fredalba, Lindsay Price (Beverly Hills 90210, Lipstick Jungle) and Anthony Michael Hall (Dead Zone). Saraceno's greatest success has come in the field of television and film. His television work credits include WWE, CBS, NBC, ABC, FOX, Disney, Discovery, UPN, MTV, MTV 2, VH1, USA, TLC, Comedy Central, Telemundo, SCI FI, SPIKE, E! and BRAVO.A more detailed list can be found on his website (www.bluessaraceno.com). He has commented on how it is not uncommon to have several commercials running in different countries throughout the world, all at the same time, using the same piece of music. Saraceno did three tracks for Megas XLR. These tracks were Blood Shot, Berzerker and Ro-Sham-Bo. Saraceno's "Save My Soul" is the soundtrack for the History Channel's mini-series The Men Who Built America. <mask>'s "Evil Ways" song was also used in various videogames trailers such as God of War: Ascension, Call of Juarez: Gunslinger, BioShock Infinite and Call of Duty: Black Ops IIs zombies mode map, Mob of the Dead and was also included in the soundtrack for a videogame Rebel Galaxy. In addition, the song was also utilized to promote AMC's 2013 Fear Fest and is also used as the main theme music in the History Channel's TV series, Biker Battleground Phoenix.TNA wrestler AJ Styles began using "Evil Ways" at TNA's Slammiversary pay-per-view on June 2, 2013, as his new theme song. It was also used in a WWE promo featuring The Undertaker vs. CM Punk WrestleMania XXIX match and another promo featuring The Wyatt Family in an episode of WWE SmackDown. It was also used during a promo for Kane, Ryback and Big Show vs. The Wyatt Family at WWE's Fastlane 2016 pay-per-view. German TV-Channel ProSieben and sister-channel ProSieben Maxx are using the song for almost every promo-clip for upcoming western-movies in their program. "Flesh It Out" was used as WWE rookie Seth Rollins' theme tune for the first year of his career on FCW and NXT. "Strident Missile" was used for Triple H's history of dominance promo for WrestleMania XXX.An instrumental version of the dubstep remix of "The River" was used for Emma's video packages leading up to her return at the post-Wrestlemania RAW in 2017. WWE also used his single "Bad Man" for Jeff Jarrett's Hall of Fame video. Discography

Solo
Never Look Back (1989)
Plaid (1992)
Hairpick (1994)
The Best of Blues Saraceno (2000)
Dangerous (2016)
Dark Country 4
Blues, Electronic blues

CherHeart of Stone (1989)
Never Hold Us Down

Taylor DayneCan't Fight Fate (1989)

Kingdom ComeHands of Time (1991)

PoisonPoison's Greatest Hits: 1986–1996 (1996)Crack a Smile... and More! His song "Dangerous" is featured in the episode Apex of the CBS Television series FBI.The Sound of NASCAR (2005) – <mask> also composed three songs for the EA Sports NASCAR Racing games. He penned the song "Save My Soul", which is the title theme for The Men Who Built America TV series. Several of his songs were in the soundtrack for the game, Rebel Galaxy. An instrumental portion of Saraceno's song, "Bad Man" is featured in a Sheriff Cali advertisement on the Disney Jr. Channel.His song "The River" is used in a preview for episode 905 of The Walking Dead. His song "If You Believe" was featured in the launch film for the Maserati Kubang concept car, which later became produced as the Maserati Levante for the 2017 model year. His song “Bong Squad” is heavily featured in the reveal trailer for the 5th main entry in the Call Of Duty franchise, Call of Duty: World at War''. The song has also been numerous times by WWE over the years. References

External links
Official website

American rock guitarists
American male guitarists
Poison (American band) members
1971 births
Living people
21st-century American guitarists
21st-century American male musicians

masks:
Blues Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno
Blues Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno
Saraceno


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<mask> (born on March 6) is a retired educator and public official. <mask> served as President of Georgia Piedmont Technical College for 6 years. He also served as Deputy Chief Operating Officer of Development and Chief of Staff in DeKalb County government from 2009 to 2012. In 2001 he was the chief architect of a large municipal technology program to bridge the digital divide, the Atlanta Community Technology Initiative where thousands of citizens were taught how to use computers and the internet. <mask> also organized broadband in cities' and towns' summits from 2006 to 2009 in Columbia, South Carolina which explored how broadband technology can serve un-served rural and urban communities. Featured in John Barber's book The Black Digital Elite: African American Leaders of the Information Revolution, published by Praeger Publishers, <mask> is also the author of Civil Rights to Cyber Rights: Broadband & Digital Equality in the Age of Obama, published in July, 2009. Education
<mask> graduated from Hickman High School in Columbia, Missouri.He attended Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Missouri. He received his BA degree from the University of Bridgeport in Bridgeport, Connecticut, his MA degree from Atlanta University in Atlanta, Georgia, and his Ph.D.from Emory University, in Atlanta, Georgia. Career
<mask> began his career as a college professor at Atlanta Junior College (currently, Atlanta Metropolitan College). He then moved to the University of Cincinnati in Ohio where he taught in the African American Studies Department and became the editor of Studia Africana. In 1979 he took an appointment as an Associate Professor of English at Morgan State University. He returned to Atlanta in 1980. He became the first general manager of the Public-access television program in Atlanta, sponsored by the cable operator, then Cable Atlanta.Through the program five neighborhood-based studios were opened to teach Atlanta citizens television production skills. At the end of 1986, <mask> left the cable company and ran for elected office for the Atlanta City Council. In 1987, he won and became the first African American elected in the South with an African name. He served two terms as the District 3 council member, before embarking on an unsuccessful campaign for council president. In 1994 he became a columnist for Creative Loafing (Atlanta), and as co-author of a series of articles entitled "Outside the Fences" in 1996 he won third place for the Alternative Newsweeklies Association (AAN). He published the weekly column until 1998. During this same period he was a visiting professor in the Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts at the Georgia Institute of Technology.He taught a course on Race and New Media and conducted research, which was featured in John Barber’s book, The Information Society and the Black Community. He returned to the City of Atlanta in 1998 in the position of Director of Communications where he was responsible for all communications and marketing for the city. During his tenure as Director of Communications, he negotiated an 8 million dollar deal with AT&T and Media One to fund a citywide program designed to bridge the digital divide. The City Cyber Program included multiple sites such as recreation centers, libraries, one historical black college, and a cyber bus that brought mobile broadband technology directly to local communities. In 2003, the cyber bus became the operations center for a forum sponsored for U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Commissioners Michael Copps and Jonathan Adelstein. In 2005, <mask> left government and returned to education as Vice President for Community Development and External Affairs and Executive Assistant to the President at Benedict College in Columbia, South Carolina. There <mask> continued his work in community technology, sponsoring four annual summits on Broadband in Cities and Towns.The summits attracted participants from around the country and focused on the idea of expanding broadband to unserved and under-served communities. In June 2009, <mask> returned to Atlanta and began working as the Deputy Chief Operating Officer of Development for DeKalb County and Chief of Staff, the third largest county in Georgia. where he remained until August, 2012. A report of investigation by the DeKalb District Attorney's Office into the county's administration produced indictments against county CEO Burrell Ellis, and accused <mask>, as chief of staff under Ellis, of manipulating committees that award contracts. The report recommended a criminal investigation into possible bid-rigging. <mask> faced possible appeals or ongoing litigation as a result of the probe. no charges were filed against <mask>.<mask> served as president of Georgia Piedmont Technical College (GPTC) starting 2012. He was the first black president for the college that had an 78% black student population. In 2018, the college was investigated by the U.S. Department of Education regarding management of its finances, placing the college under "Heightened Cash Monitoring 2" status. As a result of the investigation, GPTC dismissed <mask> and placed four other administrators on leave. <mask> denied he was removed from his position with the college, and said at the time he was retiring. <mask> also defended his tenure as President of GPTC, citing his positive performance evaluations, including regarding fiscal management, and citing having received a merit increase for the year prior to his departure. In 2019, <mask> was one of nine candidates vying in a special general election for Atlanta's District 3 seat on the city council.<mask> placed fifth, receiving 9.9% of the votes, compared to the top two candidates Antonio Brown and Byron Amos, who received 19.3% and 23.4% respectively, who went on to the general runoff election for the council seat. <mask> is a consultant, senior fellow with Government Technology, education and government columnist for Governing Magazine, and writes a weekly blog on issues of politics, culture and maleness. Works

Civil Rights to Cyber Rights: Broadband & Digital Equality in the Age of Obama, (2009)
The Information Society and the Black Community, "Race, Politics, and Pedagogy of New Media: From Civil Rights to Cyber Rights" ed. John Barber, 2001

References

Living people
Hickman High School alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
American educators
Atlanta City Council members
American male writers

masks:
Jabari Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama
Simama


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<mask> II (also spelled Urud II;  Wērōd), was King of Kings of the Parthian Empire from 57 BC to 37 BC. He was a son of <mask>, whom he murdered in 57 BC, assisted by his elder brother Mithridates IV. The two brothers quickly fell out and entered into a dynastic struggle, in which <mask> was triumphant. Meanwhile, the Roman general and triumvir Marcus Licinius Crassus had made an attempt to extend his share of Roman territory by eastward conquest. This attempt proved disastrous, with Crassus meeting his end in 53 BC, in the Battle of Carrhae, by <mask>' general Surena. <mask> himself had invaded Armenia and forced king <mask> () to submit and abandon his alliance with the Romans. The victory at Carrhae secured for the Parthians the countries east of the Euphrates.Then, the next year they invaded Syria, but with little success. Surena, whose achievements had made him too dangerous, was killed by Orodes, and Pacorus I, the son and heir of the king was defeated by Cassius in 51 BC. During the Roman Republican civil wars, the Parthians sided first with Pompey and then with Brutus and Cassius, but took no action until 40 BC, when Pacorus, assisted by the Roman deserter Quintus Labienus, conquered a great part of Syria and Asia Minor, but was defeated and killed by Ventidius in 38 BC. <mask>, who was deeply afflicted by the death of his favourite son, relinquished the throne to his son Phraates IV, and died soon afterward. Name
Orōdēs () is the Greek version of the Middle Iranian Wērōd/Urūd (). The etymology of the name is disputed. The Modern Persian version is Viru ().Background
<mask> was born in the 70s BC, if not earlier. He was a son of Phraates III (), who was a son of Sinatruces (), himself presumably a son of the Parthian ruler Mithridates I (). The name of the Arsacid branch established by Sinatruces on the Parthian throne has been coined by the modern historian Marek Jan Olbrycht as the "Sinatrucids", which ruled the Parthian Empire from 78/77 BC until 12 AD. During his father's reign, Orodes seemingly enjoyed close connections with the eastern part of the Parthian realm, specifically with the House of Suren, and possibly also with the Indo-Scythians. He seemingly married (possibly even before enthronement) an Indo-Scythian princess, who bore Phraates (Phraates IV). <mask>' eldest son Pacorus (Pacorus I) was also seemingly the result of a union with a princess from the peripheries of eastern Parthia. Struggle for the Parthian throne

In 57 BC, <mask> and his elder brother Mithridates IV murdered Phraates III.Mithridates IV was at first supported by <mask>, however, this was short-lived. The two brothers quickly fell out, and <mask> revolted with the support of the Suren clan, as well as probably the Scythians of Sakastan. They both assumed the title of King of Kings to demonstrate their claims of superiority over each other. This changed the meaning of the title; originally being used as a symbol of political dominance over other realms, the title became known as a symbol of power and legitimacy for contenders in a royal family. Mithridates IV was forced to flee to Roman Syria. He took refuge with Aulus Gabinius, the Roman proconsul and governor of Syria. Mithridates IV then returned to invade Parthia with Gabinius in support.The Roman proconsul marched with Mithridates IV to the Euphrates, but turned back to restore another ruler, <mask> Auletes of Egypt, to his throne. Despite losing his Roman support, Mithridates IV advanced into Mesopotamia and managed to conquer Babylonia. He ousted <mask> and briefly restored his reign as king in 55 BC, minting coins in Seleucia until 54 BC. However, king Mithridates IV was besieged by <mask>' Surenid general, Surena, in Seleucia, and after a prolonged resistance, offered battle to <mask>' forces and was defeated. Mithridates IV was afterwards executed in 54 BC by Orodes. Orodes was crowned by Surena, as was the hereditary right of his clan. War with Crassus

Around the same time, Marcus Licinius Crassus, one of the Roman triumvirs, who was now proconsul of Syria, had been preparing to invade the Parthian realm in belated support of Mithridates IV.<mask>' emissaries had initially attempted to convince Crassus to abandon his expedition, which the latter replied by saying he would give an answer in Seleucia. The eldest Parthian emissary, Vagises, showed the palm of his hand, stating "Hair will grow here before you see Seleucia." The Artaxiad king of Armenia, Artavasdes II (), who was an ally of Rome, advised Crassus to take a route through Armenia to avoid the desert and offered him reinforcements of a further 10,000 cavalry and 30,000 infantry. His reasoning was that the Parthian cavalry would be less potent in the Armenian highlands. Crassus refused the offer and decided to take the direct route through Mesopotamia. As Crassus' army marched to Carrhae (modern Harran, southeastern Turkey), Orodes invaded Armenia, cutting off support from Artavasdes. Orodes persuaded Artavasdes to a marriage alliance between the crown prince Pacorus I (d. 38 BC) and Artavasdes' sister.<mask> also made an alliance with the Commagenian king Antiochus I (), which was cemented with <mask>' marriage to Antiochus' daughter, Laodice. Surena, with an army entirely on horseback, rode to meet Crassus. Surena's 1,000 cataphracts (armed with lances) and 9,000 horse archers were outnumbered roughly four to one by Crassus' army, comprising seven Roman legions and auxiliaries including mounted Gauls and light infantry. Using a baggage train of about 1,000 camels, the Parthian army provided the horse archers with a constant supplies of arrows. The horse archers employed the "Parthian shot" tactic: feigning retreat to draw enemy out, then turning and shooting at them when exposed. This tactic, executed with heavy composite bows on the flat plain, devastated Crassus' infantry. With some 20,000 Romans dead, approximately 10,000 captured, and roughly another 10,000 escaping west, Crassus fled into the Armenian countryside.At the head of his army, Surena approached Crassus, offering a parley, which Crassus accepted. However, he was killed when one of his junior officers, suspecting a trap, attempted to stop him from riding into Surena's camp. After his death, the Parthians allegedly poured molten gold down his throat, in a symbolic gesture mocking Crassus' renowned greed. Crassus' defeat at Carrhae was one of the worst military defeats in Roman history. Parthia's victory cemented its reputation as a formidable if not equal power with Rome. While <mask> and Artavasdes were observing a play of The Bacchae of Euripides (c. 480–406 BC) at the Armenian court in honor of the wedding of Pacorus and Artavasdes' sister, the Parthian commander Silaces announced the news of the victory at Carrhae, and put the head of Crassus at Orodes' feet. The head was given to the producer of the play, who decided to use Crassus' actual severed head in place of the stage-prop head of Pentheus.With his camp followers, war captives, and precious Roman booty, Surena traveled some 700 km (430 mi) back to Seleucia, where his victory was celebrated. However, fearing his ambitions for the Arsacid throne, Orodes had Surena executed shortly thereafter. Although <mask> fell out with the Suren clan, he still preserved close connections in the east, such as the Indo-Scythian king Azes I (). Parthian invasion of Asia Minor and the Levant

Emboldened by the victory over Crassus, the Parthians attempted to capture Roman-held territories in Western Asia. Crown prince Pacorus I and his commander Osaces raided Syria, going as far as Antioch in 51 BC, but were repulsed by Gaius Cassius Longinus, who ambushed and killed Osaces. Orodes sided with Pompey in the civil war against Julius Caesar and even sent troops to support the anti-Caesarian forces at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC. Quintus Labienus, a general loyal to Cassius and Brutus, sided with Parthia against the Second Triumvirate in 40 BC; the following year he invaded Syria alongside Pacorus I.The triumvir Mark Antony was unable to lead the Roman defense against Parthia due to his departure to Italy, where he amassed his forces to confront his rival Octavian and eventually conducted negotiations with him at Brundisium. After Syria was occupied by Pacorus' army, Labienus split from the main Parthian force to invade Anatolia while Pacorus and his commander Barzapharnes invaded the Roman Levant. They subdued all settlements along the Mediterranean coast as far south as Ptolemais (modern Acre, Israel), with the lone exception of Tyre. In Judea, the pro-Roman Jewish forces of high priest Hyrcanus <mask>, Phasael, and Herod were defeated by the Parthians and their Jewish ally Antigonus <mask> (r. 40–37 BC); the latter was made king of Judea while Herod fled to his fort at Masada. Despite these successes, the Parthians were soon driven out of the Levant by a Roman counteroffensive. Publius Ventidius Bassus, an officer under Mark Antony, defeated and then executed Labienus at the Battle of the Cilician Gates (in modern Mersin Province, Turkey) in 39 BC. Shortly afterward, a Parthian force in Syria led by general Pharnapates was defeated by Ventidius at the Battle of Amanus Pass.As a result, Pacorus I temporarily withdrew from Syria. When he returned in the spring of 38 BC, he faced Ventidius at the Battle of Mount Gindarus, northeast of Antioch. Pacorus was killed during the battle, and his forces retreated across the Euphrates. His death spurred a succession crisis in which <mask>, deeply afflicted by the death of his favourite son, relinquished the throne to his other son Phraates IV (r. c. 37–2 BC) as his new heir. Death
<mask>' cause of death is uncertain. According to Cassius Dio, he either died of grief due to Pacorus' death or as a result of old age. Plutarch, however, states that <mask> was murdered by Phraates IV.Fearing that his position might become endangered, Phraates IV executed all his half-brothers–the sons of <mask> and Laodice, partially due to their maternal descent being greater than that of his own. Laodice was probably killed as well. Coinage and titulage

Coinage under Orodes remained largely unchanged. The obverse of his coins portrays him with short hair and beard, along with a visible moustache. According to the modern historian Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis, the portrait greatly resembles the Shami statue, discovered in the Bakhtiari mountains in southwestern Iran; it is currently stored in the National Museum of Iran in Tehran. The reverse depict a seated archer wearing a soft cap (bashlyk) and sitting on a throne. Curtis notes its close resemblance to the thrones of the Achaemenid monarchs portrayed on the rock reliefs at Persepolis.Other reverse of his coins, however, depict an investiture scene, where Orodes is receiving a scepter by the Greek goddess Tyche. In the Parthian era, Iranians used Hellenistic iconography to portray their divine figures, thus the investiture scene can be associated with the Avestan khvarenah, i.e. kingly glory. According to the modern historian Khodadad Rezakhani, the introduction of this new portrayal may have been due to the enlargement of <mask>' authority after the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC. Under <mask> and his son Phraates IV, the production of coins reached its zenith, with the only Parthian ruler having similar numbers being Mithridates II (). Like the rest of the Parthian kings, Orodes used the title of Arsaces on his coinage, which was the name of the first Parthian ruler Arsaces I (), which had become a royal honorific among the Parthian monarchs out of admiration for his achievements. Family tree

Notes

References

Bibliography

Ancient works
Cassius Dio, Roman History
Plutarch, Parallel Lives

Modern works

 .
 .

Further reading

30s BC deaths
1st-century BC Parthian monarchs
People of the Roman–Parthian Wars
Year of birth unknown
Murdered Persian monarchs
1st-century BC murdered monarchs
1st-century BC Babylonian kings

masks:
Orodes
Phraates III
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Artavasdes II
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Ptolemy XII
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
II
II Mattathias
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes
Orodes


text_chunks:
<mask> (1921 in Pescara  - May 12, 2013) was an Italian resistant, journalist, photographer, writer and inventor. Early resistance and the war years
<mask> grew up in a working class district of Turin. His father, <mask>, was a sculptor, and his mother a homemaker. From his father and his teacher of Humanities, Gaudenzio Manfredi, he learned to question authority under Fascism. This landed him briefly in jail at age thirteen, his first political imprisonment. Growing up, he became attracted to the English language, Anglo American culture, and the international and liberal democratic vision they provided. A brief attendance at the University of Turin in the Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures was interrupted in 1940 by military draft into the cadet officers' course of the Alpini troops.There he was arrested on suspicion of having conspired against Fascism with some other students arrested in Turin<ref name=. <mask> was tried in the Tribunale Speciale per la Difesa dello Stato in Rome, and sentenced to two and a half years in the penitentiary of Forte Urbano, in the Emilia region. He was liberated after the fall of the Mussolini government, in the brief interregnum and political amnesty under General Badoglio. On September 8, 1943, the Italian army collapsed and Nazi forces occupied Italy. <mask> first joined a monarchist partisan formation in the Lanzo valley, west of Turin. Later, he worked with the Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale, guiding escaped Allied prisoners to neutral Switzerland. Caught with group of them at the railway station of Novara, he managed to escape, and eventually made his way to Switzerland and the refugee camp of Tramelan.Among his encounters there was Piero Chiara, later renowned as a writer, who was recruiting students for the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), precursor of the CIA. Escaping from the work camp, he returned to Italy. The first village he came to was in the mountains of Lake Como. There, under the nom de guerre  of Gigi, he founded a partisan formation with some local young men and Lombard students who refused to collaborate with the Nazi Occupation. Their activities consisted of raiding Fascist controlled barracks and warehouses, gathering and distributing information, and guiding fugitives from the Nazis to Switzerland. His new formation was part of the Garibaldi Brigades, under Communist control. In disagreement with his command on both political ideology and military strategy, <mask> resigned his command and returned to Switzerland.There he joined Giustizia e Libertà, a formation supported and armed by the OSS. Upon hearing the news that the Resistance had gained control of Milan, <mask> and his new partisan comrades immediately returned to Italy. Journalism
During his partisan activity on Lake Como, <mask> had befriended some Milanese refugees, who after the war introduced him to the writer Elio Vittorini. Under Vittorini's sponsorship, <mask> entered journalism. In 1949 he was given his dream job: correspondent from New York for the leading weekly journal l'Europeo, under the direction of Arrigo Benedetti. He remained in New York until his visa expired in 1951. <mask> then transferred to Montreal, working as a political commentator for the International Service of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.<mask> finally returned to New York when his wife, illustrator and designer Luciana Amelotti <mask>, secured a residents' visa for the couple. After a period of free-lancing for a range of leading Italian journals including Il Mondo, a Rome-based political and cultural weekly, L'Espresso, a Milanese weekly, and as a photographer for Epoca, an Italian version of Life magazine, <mask> was recommended by his erstwhile employer Benedetti to Gaetano Baldacci, director of the newly founded Milanese daily, Il Giorno. Il Giorno
Roselli's career as a correspondent, photographer and editorialist at Il Giorno spanned over three decades from 1956 to 1989. Responsible for the coverage of every aspect of the United States, from politics to culture, science, technology and life-style, he was a defining voice in Italy for such major events as the Cape Canaveral launchings, the Kennedy and King assassinations, Watergate, the Iranian hostage crisis, and the Reagan and Clinton years. His role models in journalism were the television newscaster David Brinkley, and  the columnist Walter Lippmann. When <mask> met the latter at a party in the 1970s,  they discussed the difficulty of giving truly novel news, as opposed to simply expected information. From the master, he learned the maxim: "You can only tell people real news if your readers know half of it already".Retirement and other activities
On his retirement from Il Giorno, <mask> moved to Southern California with his second wife, actress Elise Hunt, and became a US citizen in 1994. He continues to write fiction and non-fiction books, plays and stories, but his main interest has shifted to inventions in ecology and aviation. He earned a solo piloting license in 1970. He holds two patents on concepts in solar-powered flight and a design for a paraflier. Family life
<mask> was married to Luciana Amelotti <mask>, from Alessandria, Italy, from 1950 to their divorce in 1964. He has one daughter, Elisa, born in New York City in 1956. He married his second and current wife, Elise Hunt from Milton, Massachusetts, in 1969.His sister, <mask> (b. 1930) is also a writer

Controversies and ideological positioning
Throughout his career, <mask> has been an advocate of Anglo-American style liberal democracy, although always aware of its defects and limitations. His war years left him with experience of authoritarian regimes of several political colors, and their methods and jargons. He kept aloof from the strongly left-wing doctrines of the Italian intelligentsia of the post-war period, identifying more with the youth, liberation and peace movements in the USA of the 60s and 70s. In the critical Presidential election of 1968, for example, he strongly supported the dovish Democratic candidate, Eugene McCarthy, who was the first politician to promote an end to US involvement in Viet Nam. Publications
In addition to his daily articles for Il Giorno, <mask> has published a children's book, The Cats of the Eiffel Tower, with illustrations by Laurent de Brunhoff (NY: Delacorte, 1967). It was a story he made up for his little daughter Elisa on their long drives while holidaying in France.His letters from prison during the war years form the core of a biographical work by his sister, <mask>: Mio Fratello Ando' in Galera (Edizioni L'Arciere Cuneo, 1990). <mask> filmed a documentary about Italian Americans that was aired on RAI TV in 1961, and was the  cinematographer for another documentary, Paese d'America (1959), on the same theme, made with film director Gian Luigi Polidoro, and shown at the Cannes festival. Notes

Italian journalists
Italian male journalists
Italian columnists
Italian male writers
Italian photojournalists
Italian resistance movement members
Members of Giustizia e Libertà
Italian anti-fascists
1921 births
2013 deaths
Italian emigrants to the United States

masks:
Auro Roselli
Roselli
Gherardo Roselli
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Lucia Roselli
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<mask> ( born 7 June 1962) is a Lebanese singer, dancer, composer, television personality, and philanthropist. <mask> began his career in the 1980s when he appeared as a contestant on the talent show broadcast Studio El Fan, on which he received the Platinum Award. <mask>'s fame came after Studio El Fan followed by yearly albums and number-one hit singles such as "Ya rait", "'Aan Jad" (Seriously) and "Alby Asheq'ha" (My Heart Adores Her) which was the first Arabic song in history to be made into a music video. <mask> continued his success into the 2000s with the release of his chart-topping albums Saharony El Leil (2001), Tab Leh (2002), El Hob El Kebeer (2004) and Ba'asha'ak (2008), the latter which earned the artist the Platinum certification from Virgin Megastores for its record sales. One of his recent albums Seneen Rayha (2010) saw the artist team with Starbucks for its release and sale, making him the first Arab artist to have his album sold at Starbucks. The Starbucks album Starz Vol. 1 also included a song featuring international pop artist Shakira.He adopted an environmental cause with the album after being named the United Nations Ambassador of Climate Change. <mask> has won two Murex d'Or Awards and several other awards during his career. His albums have made him one of the most commercially successful singers in the Arab world. In mid-2011, it was announced that <mask> would head the judging panel for the pan-Arab version of the American Idol series. Early life
<mask> was born in Ghoubeiry in Beirut, Lebanon. He was born into a Shia family, the son of Sobhi <mask> and Wafiqa <mask>. He has four brothers (Mohammad, Ahmad, Khoder and Hassan)  and three sisters (Sabiha, Rima, and Lina) - of which he is the middle child.His father named him after the first Lebanese judge, "<mask> Beik <mask>". At eight years old, <mask> took up playing the Oud and participated in a live radio program to showcase his talent. In 1996 <mask> married Jihan al-Ali, who gave birth to his two sons, Khaled (born 1998) and Louai (born 2001). <mask> also has a second cousin named Rola <mask>. Entertainment career

1982–1999

2000–2006: Tab Leh and Hob El Kebeer
In 2000, <mask> recorded "Betgheeb Betrouh" with then-rising singer Elissa. In 2003, he released "Tab Leh" (Oh Why?) under the recording label Alam El Phan and the title track entered the number one spot for several weeks.He also featured famous Iranian-Armenian singer-songwriter Andy Madadian on a track titled "Yalla Ya Chabab" (Let's Go Guys). At the end of 2004, he released "El Hob el Kebeer" (The Great Love) which included the hit single "Naseeni el Dunya" (Make Me Forget the World) and the title track which was released in July 2005 and directed by Wissam Smayra in a huge production shot in Malaysia. In 2006, <mask> participated in the pro-celebrity Formula One race, held in Bahrain, as an introductory show to the competition. He placed third and signed an agreement with Formula One Management to participate in the next race that will be held in Shanghai, China. 2008–present: Backstage Production

In May 2008, <mask> <mask> released Baa'sha'ak, which was certified Platinum by Virgin Megastores Dubai by April 2009 for its record sales. The album was produced by his own company Backstage Production and included the hits "Yighib" and "Ser Hobbi"

In 2010, and again under his own production company Backstage Production, <mask> released the environment-themed album Seneen Rayha which included the number one singles "Seneen Rayha" and "Betfell". The album solidified <mask>'s position as the number one artist in the Arab world and was sold in all branches of Starbucks Coffee along with a B-side compilation album titled "Starz Vol.1" that included the hit collaboration with Shakira "Good Stuff (Remix)". Other work
Near the end of 2011, <mask> was announced as the head of jury for the new MBC show Arab Idol, which is a remake of the number one show of all time, American Idol. Joining <mask> on the panel were the Gulf singer Ahlam and the music producer Hassan Shaf'ee. The Arab Idol team began its auditioning tour around the Middle East and the UK in September 2011. In 2013, he was appointed by the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) as the Goodwill Ambassador in West Asia. Saint George Schools
At the beginning of his musical career in the 1980s, <mask> <mask> opened the Saint George Schools. His goal was to provide education to as many students as possible.His goal was achieved with the help of his brother, Ahmad Subhi <mask>, who has been the General Manager of Saint George Schools since the beginning. Ahmad built the organization from the ground up, starting with the first Block in Haret Hreik which had nearly 200 students but has now grown to almost 2000 students spread into 4 Blocks total (1 in Haret Hreik, 2 in Hadath, and 1 in Hay el Amerkan.) Endorsements
Throughout his career, <mask> has been endorsed by several international companies and has been the face of their many marketing campaigns. Of the companies that endorsed <mask> and featured him as part of their promotions including Hublot, United Nations, Starbucks, Mercedes-Benz, Samsung, Malaysian Ministry of Tourism, Malaysia Airlines, Middle East Airlines, Persol, The Pearl-Qatar. Jury of talents programs
They Had chosen <mask> to be a jury of talents programs like:
In 2011-2013 he was a jury of Arab Idol s1 and s2 beside Ahlam and Nancy Ajram and Hassan El Shafei. In 2015, he was a jury of The X Factor beside Elissa and Donia Samir Ghanem. In 2019, he was on the fifth season of the Arabic version of The Voice, leading his act Mahdi to victory.Studio albums
 1986: Ya Rayt
 1987: Al Hadiya
 1988: Dawa el Leil
 1989: Ma Y'gooz
 1991: Alby Ashe'ha
 1993: Ya Hayati
 1995: Taw'am Ruhy
 1996: Sayedati el Gameela
 1997: Bravo 'Alaiky
 1999: Habeeby Ya Nasy
 2001: Saharooni el Leil
 2002: Tab Leih
 2004: El Hob el Kebeer
 2008: Baa'sha'ak
 2010: Seneen Rayha
 2010: Starz V.1
 2014: Habeeb Dehkati

References

External links

1962 births
Living people
21st-century Lebanese male singers
Lebanese Shia Muslims
Musicians from Beirut
Singers who perform in Egyptian Arabic
20th-century Lebanese male singers

masks:
Ragheb Alama
Alama
Alama
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Alama
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Alama
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Ragheb
Alama
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Alama
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<mask> (born 1970) is an American journalist, author, filmmaker, television host, and podcast host. He is currently the national arts reporter for The Washington Post and was previously a staff arts reporter for The Boston Globe. <mask> currently hosts the Edge of Fame podcast, a collaboration between The Washington Post and WBUR-FM, Boston's NPR National. In addition, <mask> produced and starred in the 2010 music documentary Do It Again. His articles have appeared in magazines such as GQ and Wired, and he has worked as a reporter for several newspapers, including the Boston Phoenix, Raleigh News and Observer, The Boston Globe, and The Washington Post. <mask> has also published  children's books on Elvis, The Beatles, and Stan Lee, and co-wrote a book on Julia Child with his wife, Carlene Hempel. In 2013, he hosted a Travel Channel reality TV series called Edge of America, and in June 2013 he was awarded a New England Emmy for work on a video for The Boston Globe.He also hosted the military history series Secrets of the Arsenal on the American Heroes Channel. <mask> joined The Washington Post in September 2014 as the paper's national arts reporter. Career
Edgers attended Brookline High School in Brookline, Massachusetts and graduated from Tufts University in 1992 with a degree in English. Following his graduation he was employed as a reporter by several newspapers, including the Sudbury Town Crier, Waltham News-Tribune, Middlesex News, Boston Phoenix, and Raleigh News and Observer. He worked as an arts reporter from 2002 to August 2014 for The Boston Globe. His work involved covering the Museum of Fine Arts, Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston Symphony Orchestra, and other arts-related organizations in the Boston area. <mask> has also freelanced for several magazines including GQ, Spin, Wired, and Salon.Examples of this work include an article on Monkee Michael Nesmith's New Mexico symposiums (for Wired) and a series of pieces for Salon, including one on Brian Wilson's 2000 Pet Sounds tour. <mask> has written three children's books: The Midnight Hour: Bright Ideas for After Dark (Penguin, 1997) and four installments in the Grosset and Dunlap "Who Was...?" series, Who Were The Beatles? (2006), Who Was Elvis Presley? (2007), Who Is Stan Lee? (2014), and Who Was Julia Child? (2015), the last installment collaborating with his wife, Carlene Hempel.<mask> teamed up with director Robert Patton-Spruill in early 2008 to begin work on a film about his love of British Invasion band The Kinks, headed by the two feuding brothers Ray and Dave Davies. The documentary, entitled Do It Again follows Edgers throughout America and Britain on a quest to reunite the original members. Edgers meets with various personalities and Kinks fans to discuss the band, such as Sting, Paul Weller, Peter Buck, Zooey Deschanel, Clive Davis, Warren Zanes, Robyn Hitchcock, and Dave Davies himself. Do It Again premiered at the Rotterdam International Film Festival in January 2010, and was met with positive reviews. It traveled the film festival circuit throughout the rest of 2010 (making stops at locations such as the Independent Film Festival of Boston and London International Documentary Festival) and was broadcast on multiple PBS stations throughout late 2011 and early 2012. In 2013 the Travel Channel aired Edge of America, a TV series starring Edgers. The program, produced by Magilla Productions, involved Edgers on a search for quintessentially American forms of entertainment and fun ("strange American things in scenic American places" according to The Boston Globe), as well as "a quest to see what constitutes entertainment."The Travel Channel showed strong initial confidence in the series. But it failed to attract desirable demographics, and was not renewed. <mask> was awarded a New England Emmy in June 2013 for work on a video for The Boston Globe. He shared the award with producer Darren Durlach. The short, entitled  "Behind the Curtain: Act One of Barbara Quintiliani's Story", is a ten-minute documentary about the success and struggles of acclaimed Massachusetts-based opera singer Barbara Quintiliani. In April 2014, he released another documentary, entitled 5 Runners. The 30 minute film, based on <mask>' April 2013 Boston Globe article "Chance Leaves Five Runners Forever Linked", documents the lives of five runners leading up to, during, and directly after the Boston Marathon bombing.The five competitors, at the time all in the close vicinity of the explosion and directly affected by the trauma, share an ambition to run the race once more in order to achieve closure. Edgers wrote and narrated the film and shared directing duties with Darren Durlach. 5 Runners premiered at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library on April 10, followed by a broadcast on April 14 at 9:30 p.m. on the New England Sports Network. In August 2014 it was announced that <mask> would leave the Globe to join The Washington Post staff. He began his new position as national arts reporter in September 2014. Since starting at the Post, Edgers had written in-depth profiles of Eddie Murphy, David Letterman, Norm Macdonald, Darrell Hammond, Tom Hanks, and Ava DuVernay, as well as lengthy pieces on the history of Run-DMC’s "Walk This Way" and a story documenting the mysterious life of a man who stole a Stradivarius violin and virtually disappeared with the instrument. A press release from the Post stated that "[Edgers] will have a broad reach to write about arts, entertainment and cultural issues across the nation" and noted that he will remain based in Boston while still reporting to a senior editor in Washington and "appearing in the newsroom frequently."Following on the heels of this appointment, in November 2014 a new television show hosted by Edgers was announced, entitled Secrets of the Arsenal. The series features Edgers exploring the stories and provenance behind military artifacts such as a German pistol from World War II or weapons from the Mexican–American War. After premiering on December 16 at 10:00 PM Eastern, The New York Times Neil Genzlinger described Edgers' "genuine enthusiasm" for the memorabilia he investigates, stating that in the same "gung-ho" spirit of his work with Edge of America, "he applies that ... passion to visiting museums and private collectors in search of artifacts with stories behind them." In January 2018, Edgers debuted a new podcast series, Edge of Fame, drawing on his experience as a journalist, documentary film maker, writer, and National Arts Reporter for the Post. In the series, Edgers explores the lives of various celebrities and performers on the dark and humorous sides of show business. Each podcast episode focuses on Edgers shadowing a specific performer for a long period of time. Eschewing a typical one-on-one interview style, Edgers assembles a combination of interviews, testimonials, and anecdotes from various voices he encounters along the way.It was released as a collaborative effort between radio station WBUR and The Washington Post. Edgers' book Walk this Way: Run-DMC, Aerosmith, and the Song that Changed American Music Forever was published in February 2019, detailing the famous collaboration between rock band Aerosmith and rap duo Run-DMC on their remake of the former's hit, "Walk This Way". The book received positive reviews across the press. In The Atlantic, James Parker wrote, "The question with a book like this—a book that zeroes in on a particular happening or art moment and then extrapolates boomingly outward—is always: Is there enough there? Enough action at the core, that is, and enough concentrically moving energy to prevent the narrative from collapsing in on itself as it stretches to book length? The answer in this case, I am happy to report, is yes." The Boston Globe'''s Rob Sheffield called it "a cultural detective yarn," and praised Edgers' "valiant gumshoe work."Personal life
Edgers is married to Carlene Hempel, a professor at Northeastern University. They live outside Boston and have two children together, Lila and Calvin Hempel-Edgers. External links
 Washington Post reporter profile
 @<mask> on Twitter
 Losing the part: How Darrell Hammond, SNL’s best impressionist ever, found life after Trump, by <mask>. The Washington Post.'' (September 27, 2017). References

1970 births
Living people
The Boston Globe people
Tufts University alumni
American male journalists
The Washington Post journalists
Journalists from Massachusetts
Writers from Boston
20th-century American journalists
21st-century American journalists
Brookline High School alumni

masks:
Geoff Edgers
Edgers
Edgers
Edgers
Edgers
Edgers
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Geoff Edgers
Edgers
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GeoffEdgers
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<mask> (5 January 1968 – 19 December 1997) was a Singaporean model and writer. After garnering local fame as a model, she gained worldwide recognition for her contributions to Singaporean post-colonial literature and the anthropic philosophy conveyed in her works. Her first book, Excuse Me, Are You A Model?, is recognised as a significant milestone in the literary and cultural history of Singapore. <mask> later published a second book, Discuss Disgust, and many shorter pieces in press outlets, including a short-lived opinion column in a major Singaporean daily that was pulled due to public dissent from Singaporean traditionalists. <mask> died at age 29 on 19 December 1997 aboard SilkAir Flight 185 when it crashed into the Musi River on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The U.S.'s National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) expressed high confidence that the crash was an act of suicide and mass murder by the troubled Singaporean pilot, a colleague of <mask>' ex-husband. All 104 passengers and all crew perished.After <mask>' death, numerous publications including the book Heaven Can Wait: Conversations with Bonny <mask> by Tal Ben-Shahar featured her life and thought. Although she was deemed controversial by many during her lifetime because of her willingness to openly discuss human sexuality, Singaporean literary scholars today deem <mask>' voice as a pivotally important one for interpreting contemporary Singaporean society. <mask>' legacy today is one of an important transitional social figure between old and new Singapore during its period of broad-scale societal changes under the forces of globalisation. Her death resulted in the loss of a Singaporean national voice that was both growing and important yet internally conflicted while confrontive. Criticisms by Singaporean traditionalists during her modelling and authoring careers continually vexed <mask>' conscience and drove her to re-evaluate her life. <mask> ultimately made a sustained series of traditionalist choices during the latter years of her life. Early life
<mask> was born in 1968 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, to a British father, <mask>, and a Cantonese-speaking Singaporean-Chinese mother, Betty Soh.Her parents separated shortly after her birth and Soh relocated to Singapore in 1969 with her infant daughter. There, <mask>' formative social environment was multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, and included Malays, Indians, and Chinese of various dialect groups. Although <mask> was biracial, she identified as Chinese during her early childhood, speaking Cantonese and watching Chinese-language television at home. When <mask> was twelve, her mother accepted a job as a caretaker of a bungalow in Sentosa, Singapore, and they relocated to the island away from a Singaporean Housing and Development Board flat in Toa Payoh. Throughout her teens, <mask> lived with her mother on Sentosa Island, and intermittently with her  (grandmother) with whom she enjoyed a particularly close relationship. <mask> never met her father. At aged sixteen, she traced his whereabouts through the British High Commission, with whom he was stationed on Singapore during <mask>' conception.Married with children from his new arrangement, and likely keeping his past muffled from his new family, <mask>' father returned word via fax to her that he wanted nothing to do with her. Despite <mask>' superficial joking whenever publicly questioned about it, her father's rejection of her remained deeply hurtful to <mask> throughout her life. <mask>' early years were marked by "few friends". She stated she made no real friends after age 15—that is, until she met Patricia Chan Li-Yin, a person who would become a pivotally important person to <mask>' life and career. Now a magazine editor and talent agent, Chan had retired from being a Singaporean sports hero, a decorated female swimmer. Finding fame

Discovery and first mentor
Chan "discovered" the nineteen-year-old <mask> shortly after <mask> completed her A levels at the Hwa Chong Junior College. <mask> and Chan enjoyed a close, multi-leveled, complicated relationship that was both professional and personal.<mask> referred to Chan as "Mum", and some surmised that there was perhaps more to the relationship. Stemming from ambiguous statements <mask> later made in her first book, (e.g., "I was in love with Pat Chan"), Singaporeans widely speculated whether the two were involved in a lesbian relationship. While the statements in <mask>' book could be interpreted as indicating only an intimate mentoring relationship with Chan, whom <mask> clearly idealized and greatly admired, she continued to be ambiguous on the subject whenever questioned. This created a sense of mystery about herself and contributed to ongoing buzz and publicity. Modeling

<mask>' modelling career began by showcasing her appearance on the September 1987 cover of a now-defunct Singaporean fashion monthly, GO. She shortly followed her first appearance with others, including in Indonesia. She continued with multiple appearances on other covers, print advertisements, catwalk appearances in designer clothes, and in a music video for a top-10 hit by the Singaporean indie band The Oddfellows.A year into <mask>' modelling career, she began writing about her life experiences and ideas stemming from her modelling. By age twenty-one she had completed her first book, Excuse Me, are you a Model? She continued to model for five more years and in 1992, at the age of twenty-four, released her second book Discuss Disgust. <mask> then left modelling to take a job as a department lead and copywriter in Jakarta, Indonesia. At the time, <mask> reiterated a statement she had made in her first book: that she had never wanted to be a model in the first place. Instead, her dream since age thirteen had been to be a writer. It was then that she had begun keeping a diary of her feelings and experiences, a practice she continued throughout her life.<mask> drew from her documented memories in each of her writings. Brief marriage
Before her move to Indonesia, <mask> was briefly married to a former officer of the Republic of Singapore Air Force. <mask> left him for Richard "Randy" Dalrymple, an American architect, by whose side she died aboard SilkAir Flight 185. <mask>' first husband was a former colleague of the pilot of the plane in which <mask> perished. This connection would later become a troubling focus of the investigation into the crash that took <mask>' life—her murder, as was shown in the events that followed. Literary contributions and controversy

Excuse Me, Are You a Model? <mask> published her first work Excuse Me, Are You a Model?in Singapore in 1990. The book is her autobiographical exposé of the modelling and fashion world and contains frequent, candid discussion about her sexuality, a subject that was not traditionally broached in Singaporean society at the time. The work stirred significant controversy among Singaporeans who held traditional literary and moral standards. Traditionalists considered <mask>' work a "kiss and tell" book that disclosed "too much too soon" from an independent woman still in her early twenties. Singaporean youth, on the other hand, had a starkly different view; twelve thousand copies were sold within two weeks, prompting the book's publisher to boast <mask>' work as "the biggest book sensation in the annals of Singapore publishing"—an accurate claim. During the years leading up to her death, Singaporean English literature scholars had begun to recognise more than just a simple generational divide in the reactions to <mask>' book, and were describing it as "an important work" in the confessional mode of the genre of post-colonial literature. Well before Hick's book was deemed "a significant milestone in Singapore's literary and cultural history," Singaporean young people had already established a localized literary movement, following <mask>' lead.Local markets soon became inundated with the autobiographies of fame-seeking youth, many not yet in their twenties. Discuss Disgust
In 1992, two years after <mask>' controversial entry into Singapore's literary scene, she published her second and last book, Discuss Disgust. The novella, literarily more sophisticated but never as popular as her first book, portrays the world as seen through the eyes of a child whose mother is a prostitute. In it, <mask> continued to openly discuss sexuality, and in veiled terms broached the taboo of sexual abuse, both subjects that were not normally openly spoken of in Singapore during the time. Adding fuel to the controversy surrounding <mask>, a widely read local traditionalist columnist dubbed Discuss Disgust as "another one of those commercial publications which pack sleaze and sin into its hundred-oddpages" (sic). While an understanding of Discuss Disgust was much greater than was let on among even traditionalists critics, social pressures meant that few people openly accepted the novella for what it actually was: <mask>' semi-autobiographical account of her own troubled childhood years, an only partially veiled yet immediately unsuccessful cry for the public to reinterpret her early adult years through the psychological trauma of her childhood years. "The Bonny Hicks Diary"
<mask> was also a frequent contributor to Singaporean and regional press outlets.Her frankly-written bi-monthly column in The Straits Times, "The Bonny Hicks Diary", in which she often discussed her childhood on Sentosa Island, further incited traditionalists' feelings that <mask> was an improper role model for young, impressionable girls, whom traditionalists felt were being morally corrupted by <mask>. Yielding to public traditionalist pressure, spurred initially by a letter writing campaign to the paper, the Times pulled her column within a year. The paper's esteemed editor, Richard Lim, subsequently voiced regret over what he considered a politically motivated decision by the paper. Pushing back as far as practicable, Lim began running frequent "special" columns by <mask>. Having taken a mentoring interest in <mask>' development as a writer since her first publication, Lim was uniquely authoritative when he publicly noted the deepening of <mask>' writings as she matured. Third Book? At the time of Discuss Disgust'''s release, <mask> reported to The Straits Times that she had been working on a third book, one that centred on correspondence between herself and an unnamed female housemate.<mask> wrote of her social observations of the United States during a two-month visit, using it as a springboard to social commentary about Singapore. While the book idea further revealed <mask>' preference to write with a certain person in mind it never materialised, not even in draft form or as personal papers released posthumously . Life transition
Introspection
During <mask>' heyday, few had begun to adequately situate her life and works within the larger societal changes that had enveloped Singapore at the time under forces of rapid globalisation—changes that, by then, were simply far too advanced and powerful to altogether stop the clock upon by the traditionally successful means of shaming and ostracising. For the most part, traditionalists simply reacted from gut-level fear against <mask>, or a simplified characterisation or straw man of her, whom they perceived as a "notorious" moral threat willing to degrade Singaporean society for personal fame and financial gain. Even though the criticisms were not entirely fair—they certainly contained at least a kernel of truth—their accumulation had long been taking a toll upon <mask>' perseverance, eroding away at even her senses of identity, purpose, and wholeness, and thus her basic senses of faith, hope, and peace about the future. While she yet continued to milk opportunities for self-promotion, as Pat Chan had early on taught her to do, it was becoming clearer and clearer that <mask> had for some time been deep within a season of personal introspection, and had been laying plans for a significant life and career transition that appeared to be informed by the values of Singaporean traditionalists. Whilst she was perhaps conceding a victory to her traditionalist critics amid her life transition, her life change was caused at least as much by her own personal maturing away from the years and seemingly unrestrained values of her youth, although there was certainly an interplay of both external and internal forces that prodded her along.Overall, <mask>'s self-promotional success efforts had begun to painfully wane, so she took pause and introspectively re-evaluated. Of this tumultuous period <mask> confessed,
I experienced great happiness and great sorrow in my life. While the great happiness was uplifting and renewing, the sorrow ate at me slowly, like a worm in the core of an apple. I realised then that stable happiness was not mine until I could eliminate the sorrow too. The sorrow which I experienced was often due to the fact that my own happiness came at a price. That price was someone else's happiness. New mentors, new growth
Despite <mask>' confession that she had harmed others along her path to fame, and her intention to reverse the trend, she all along had her supporters—those who comprehended her on a level deeper than the mere fandom she had so often sought to instigate toward herself, and who saw in <mask> a young lady not trying to offend but to initiate critical conversations within a culture that was often far too resistant to anything beyond the familiar.To them, <mask>' anthropical philosophy of life that featured loving, caring and sharing was not only refreshing but important, perhaps more than even <mask> herself could

masks:
Bonny Susan Hicks
Hicks
Hicks
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Hicks
Hicks
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Hicks
Hicks
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Ron Hicks
Hicks
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Bonnie Hicks
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 appreciate at the time. A growing voice appeared to emerge clearly in her writings, and it attracted many Singaporeans and others, including some scholars. Two of the scholars would become pivotally influential new mentors to <mask> during her major traditionalist life transition, the ultimate result of which, as things would turn out, would be cut short by her untimely death. One of <mask>' new mentors was Tal Ben-Shahar, a positive psychologist and popular professor of psychology at the time at Harvard University. <mask> reached out to Ben-Shahar after being exposed to his writings, and the two corresponded about philosophical and spiritual matters for approximately one year, on up until <mask>' 1997 death. The correspondence later became basis for a 1998 book by Ben-Shahar, in which he narrated <mask>' profound growth during the year. <mask> had also become a student of Confucian humanism, and she was particularly attracted to the thought of a second Harvard professor, Tu Wei-Ming, a New Confucian philosopher, who became a second new mentor to <mask>.<mask> attended Tu's seminars and the two corresponded over some months. With Tu's influence added to that of Ben-Shahar's, <mask> began to exhibit an increased New Confucian influence upon her thinking, and she soon turned in her occasional Straits Times columns to criticising Singaporean society from the theme. In one piece, she expressed dismay about the "lack of understanding of Confucianism as it was intended to be and the political version of the ideology to which we [as Singaporeans] are exposed today." Just before <mask>' death she had submitted what Editor Richard Lim recognised as her most mature column ever to The Straits Times. The daily posthumously published "I think and feel, therefore I am", on 28 December 1997. In it <mask> argued,

Thinking is more than just conceiving ideas and drawing inferences; thinking is also reflection and contemplation. When we take embodied thinking rather than abstract reasoning as a goal for our mind, then we understand that thinking is a transformative act.The mind will not only deduce, speculate, and comprehend, but it will also awaken, will enlighten and inspire. Si, is how I have thought, and always will think. Tu asserts that <mask>' use of the Chinese character Si was "code language," readily understood by her Chinese-speaking English readers, to convey New Confucian thought. The piece, <mask>' last, reflects the maturing and deepening engagement in philosophy and spirituality that she had clearly been enveloped in under tutelage of her new mentors during her last year of life. Redefining herself

Move to Indonesia
When <mask> penned Excuse Me, are you a Model?, her intent was to write a first book to which people would react. Whether those reactions were positive or negative was not her young mind's first concern. Only public indifference, the antithesis of public reaction, would impede her achievement of fame and popularity, she believed—a message Pat Chan had surely instilled in <mask> from the start.<mask> described her own early motivations:

I wanted to be something all young girls aspired to be, I wanted to be that model that men lusted after, I wanted to be that model that people would recognise on the streets. I wanted to be that model that clients would never stop demanding for, I wanted to be that model, that face, that would launch a thousand ships. I wanted to be a star. Although <mask> never fully attained her stardom goals, and although she later distanced herself from her goals on the matter, Singaporeans broadly took note of the nature of her early attempts at becoming famous. Few people found themselves able to respond to <mask> with a mere shrug, a fact that fueled not only her popularity among her supporters but the controversy that so doggedly followed her among her critics. While tasting the intense and transitory flavor of fame, <mask>' limited life experience could not have led her to anticipate the intensity of the negative reactions that would accompany her attempts under the spotlight, could not have allowed her to surmise the toll that the negative words and societal shunning would take upon her psyche over time. In many ways, her move to Indonesia, which coincided with her plea for greater public understanding as released in her second book, Discuss Disgust, was an attempt to escape the intense controversy she had experienced in Singapore over her first book, Excuse Me, Are You a Model?Whether her departure was something of a victory for traditionalists, a mere admission to herself of her limited constitution to withstand societal disapprobation, an outcome of simply her own maturation, or some combination of the three, cannot be known with certainty. What is clear, however, is that her hope through her move was to find a reprieve from the societal shunning she had been experiencing from traditionalists in Singapore; to move to a place where she could deepen and further redefine herself and perhaps undertake a larger and much wiser relaunching of herself in Singapore. Due to her untimely death, it was never to be. Heading to university
Part of <mask>' plan was to attend university. Although <mask> publicly downplayed her lack of higher education, she privately expressed regret that she had not studied past her A-levels, a fact traditionalist critics had used against her and her writings with no small frequency. During the year leading up to her 1997 death, <mask> applied to numerous universities in Britain and the United States, including Harvard. During her application processes <mask> called upon her Harvard mentors to exert influence on her behalf, which certainly helped overcome any negative effects that remained from <mask>' unremarkable academic record during her youth.At the time she applied, <mask> could present herself as an exceptional candidate to any university she wished to attend, a veritable shoo-in. Here was a young woman who had overcome a very difficult upbringing to become a nationally known model-turned-author, and whose mind, spirit, and insights had authentically impressed the two high-level academicians who had become the predominant mentors of her life transition and letter of recommendation writers. <mask> soon reported through the Singaporean press that she had received one university acceptance, refusing to say where, stating that she was awaiting other possible acceptances before ultimately deciding where to attend. Marriage and family plans
In keeping with traditionalist Singaporean pressures placed upon her, <mask> had begun to mature her image regarding her personal relationships and sexual reputation, even though her actual deeds may not have fully deserved ill repute. She made plans to marry, settle down, and have children. Shortly before her death, <mask> became engaged to her longtime boyfriend, Richard "Randy" Dalrymple, an American architect of some regional prominence because of his unique structures in Singapore and Jakarta, some featured in Architectural Digest. It was to celebrate Christmas with Dalrymple's family that <mask> and Dalrymple boarded SilkAir Flight 185 in Jakarta en route to Singapore, probably their first such visit to the home of Dalrymple's parents as an engaged couple.The young couple never arrived, died en route, as their flight crashed into the Musi River. Death

Less than thirty minutes into SilkAir Flight 185 with <mask> aboard, the flight began a high-speed nosedive at 35,000 feet toward the Musi River in Southern Sumatra, Indonesia. While mid-air, the plane broke into pieces before being scattered across the river's surface. Local fisherman searched the crash site for survivors with scant hope. Both <mask> and Dalrymple died with all of the rest of the passengers and crew. Later, divers confirmed <mask>' death at the crash site after recovering some of her personal effects, including her wallet and credit cards. Aftermath
<mask>' death at age twenty-nine shocked Singaporeans, as well as others around the globe, and prompted a swirl of activity as people sought to interpret the meaning of a life that had been suddenly cut short.<mask>' traditionalist critics as well as her allies both looked afresh, deeper, more carefully, and perhaps with a level of nuance she had prior deserved all along. Legacy
Post-modern author

<mask> is a transitional yet often still-controversial figure who lived and died a tragic death amid an important period of debate over changes between traditional and globalised Singapore. Both in life and in death, her status as a writer came to eclipse her status as a model. Today she is most recognised for her contributions to Singaporean post-colonial literature that spoke out on subjects not normally broached in her society, and the anthropic philosophy contained in her writings. Describing the consensus of Singaporean literary scholars in 1995, two years before <mask>' death, Ismail S. Talib in The Journal of Commonwealth Literature stated of Excuse me, are you a Model? : "We have come to realize in retrospect that <mask>'s autobiographical account of her life as a model was a significant milestone in Singapore's literary and cultural history". This recognition preceded <mask>' death, and in light of the controversy, and even the societal shunning she faced because of her early writings, took her and many around her by surprise.It also helped fuel the life transition she underwent prior her death. Interpreting a life cut short

As answers and unanswered questions continued to trickle out from the flight investigations, literary scholars, both in Singapore and elsewhere, began their own investigations of <mask>' writings. Some did so anew, while others did so for the first time. Tu Weiming characterized <mask>' life and philosophy as providing a "sharp contrast to Hobbes' cynic[al] view of human existence", and stated that <mask> was "the paradigmatic example of an autonomous, free-choosing individual who decided early on to construct a lifestyle congenial to her idiosyncratic sense of self-expression". More than anything, Tu said, "She was primarily a seeker of meaningful existence, a learner". Singaporean post-colonial author Grace Chia interpreted <mask>' life with a poem, "Mermaid Princess", that parodies the traditional Scottish folk song, "My Bonnie Lies over the Ocean." An excerpt of the poem characterises <mask> as one who:

spoke too soon
too loud
too much out of turn
too brutally honest
too empowered by your sense/x/uality
too much of I, I, I, I –
I think
I know
I understand
I love
I, I, I, I.

Richard Lim, the editor of The Straits Times, interpreted <mask> in a eulogy by recalling her life and contributions to the paper, and by publishing an excerpt of the famous essay "Whistling of Birds" by D. H. Lawrence.Lim began his piece with a line from the famous folk/rock song Fire and Rain by James Taylor. "Sweet dreams and flying machines, and pieces on the ground," as if sung into his readers' memories in Taylor's melancholic tone, seemed to perfectly encapsulate much of the retrospective feeling across Singapore about <mask>' life and sudden death. "Heaven can wait, but I cannot"
On the first anniversary of her death, in December 1998, Tal Ben-Shahar published Heaven Can Wait: Conversations with <mask> <mask>, in which he wove together his and <mask>' year-long correspondence with his own philosophical musings. The book is an extended postmodern "conversation" between two seekers journeying intensely together in a quest for meaning and purpose. It takes its title from an article <mask> submitted to The Straits Times just days before her death, which ever after took on a hauntingly prophetic air. In it she wrote: "The brevity of life on earth cannot be overemphasized. I cannot take for granted that time is on my side—because it is not ...Heaven can wait, but I cannot". In an earlier Straits Times piece that memorialised her grandmother, <mask> confessed that she believed in life after death. Non-racialism

Especially among Singaporean youth, who in the years since <mask>' death have become increasingly uncomfortable with their country's traditional backdrops of racialism, <mask> is recognized as a person who learned to cross cultural boundaries. She lived as person who found a comfortable niche in the betwixt-and-between of contesting cultural traditions and as one who was race-blind, seeing people for who they really were. Bibliography
  'Excuse Me, are you a Model?' (1990, Flame of the Forest)
 剪一段深深的曾经 : 名模的流金岁月 (1991, Flame of the Forest)
 Discuss Disgust (1992, Flame of the Forest)

References

External links
Bonny Hicks Education & Training Centre. The centre was opened in <mask>' honour in 2000 by the Singapore Council of Women's Organisations.Photos available. Excerpt of Excuse Me, Are You a Model? Archival footage during crash of Silk Air 185 from the AP

Attribution
 This article is derived from the Citizendium article "Bonny Hicks" by Stephen Ewen, which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Attribution to the author on the face of the article is required, per the author. This requirement is fully adhered to by simply leaving up this notice. 1968 births
1997 deaths
Postcolonial literature
Singaporean Confucianists
Singaporean female models
Mass murder victims
Singaporean murder victims
Singaporean people of Chinese descent
Singaporean people of British descent
Singaporean writers
Singaporean non-fiction writers
Singaporean people of English descent
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Indonesia
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1997
20th-century non-fiction

masks: Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Bonny Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks Hicks


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Sir <mask> (died 17 August 1506) was a landowner, soldier, and Member of Parliament for Suffolk. He was knighted at the Battle of Stoke, where he fought on the Lancastrian side under John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford. He was a close associate of the Earl, and is said to have married the Earl's illegitimate daughter, Katherine. Family
<mask> was the son of <mask> (d.1479) of Denston, and Anne Denston (d.1481), daughter and heir of John Denston (d.1473) by Katherine Clopton, daughter of Sir William Clopton (d.1446) of Long Melford. Portraits of <mask>'s parents are preserved in the stained glass windows of Holy Trinity Church, Long Melford, Suffolk, while the 'cadaver tomb' of his maternal grandparents is in the church of St Nicholas at Denston. The Broughton family, of Broughton in Buckinghamshire, is said to have acquired its wealth through marriage with an heiress in the early fifteenth century. Mary Pever, the daughter of Thomas Pever (d. 22 September 1429) by Margaret Loring, one of the two daughters and coheirs of Sir Nigel Loring (d. 13 March 1386), a founding member of the Order of the Garter, married firstly Sir Richard St. Maur (d. 6 January 1409), and secondly <mask>, by whom she had a son, <mask> (d.1489), Sheriff of Bedfordshire, whose son, <mask> (d.1479), married Anne Denston (d.1481) and predeceased his father by ten years, leaving a son, <mask>, to inherit the Broughton estates.Broughton had two brothers, William and Edward, and a sister, Elizabeth, married to Edmund Cornwall. The Broughton arms are given as 'Argent, a chevron between three mullets gules'. Career
Broughton was appointed Knight of the Order of the Bath when the four-year-old Richard, Duke of York, second son to King Edward IV, one of the two princes later said to have been murdered in the Tower of London, married Anne de Mowbray on 15 January 1478. He was a close associate of John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, and a feudal tenant of the Earl in Ashdon, Essex and Stony Stratford, Buckinghamshire. He fought under the Earl's banner at the Battle of Stoke in June 1487, and was knighted on the battlefield together with John Paston II and George Hopton. According to Richmond, a record of the knighting of Broughton, Paston and Hopton is found in a copy of William Caxton’s Game and Playe of the Chesse once owned by John Paston III, and now in the British Library. Broughton's name is also found on a list in the royal household books of those in the 13th Earl's affinity who were to raise forces in July 1487 at the King's and the Earl's costs and charges.In January 1488 <mask> was a witness to a recognizance in the amount of £2000 taken by the 13th Earl from Sir Edmund Hastings to guarantee Hastings’ continuing loyalty to Henry VII. In 1489 he was elected Member of Parliament for Suffolk, likely as a result of the 13th Earl's influence. In January 1496 Broughton served as deputy to the 13th Earl as Constable of Clare Castle, Suffolk. In October 1501 he was among those who participated in an entertainment on a grand scale to welcome to England Catherine of Aragon, the bride of Henry VII's eldest son and heir, Arthur, Prince of Wales. After journeying on the Thames to the Tower of London, Catherine was met by King Henry VII’s second son, the future Henry VIII, accompanied by the Archbishop of York, the Bishop of Durham, the Earls of Suffolk and Shrewsbury, several barons, and a number of knights, including Broughton. Broughton made his will on 20 June 1504, requesting burial in Denston church, and appointing his wife, Katherine, as one of his executors, and the 13th Earl of Oxford as supervisor. He died on 17 August 1506.His will was proved 10 July 1507. The inquisition post mortem taken after <mask>'s death assessed his annual income at £600, making him 'one of the richest non-baronial landowners in England'. <mask>'s two sons received legacies in the 13th Earl's will when the Earl died in 1513. The elder son, John, was bequeathed two silver flagons, while the younger, <mask>, was given £40. <mask> appears to have been in the 13th Earl's service, as he was also granted an annuity of 53s 4d. Marriage and issue
Broughton married firstly Katherine de Vere, said to have been the illegitimate daughter of John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, by whom he had two sons and a daughter:

<mask> (d. 24 January 1518) of Toddington, Bedfordshire, aged fifteen at his father's death. He married Anne Sapcote (d. 14 March 1559), the daughter and heir of Sir Guy Sapcote by Margaret Wolston, daughter and heir of Sir Guy Wolston, and by her had a son and three daughters:
<mask> (d.1528).<mask> (d. 23 April 1535), who was the first wife of William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham. <mask>, who married, as his second wife, by dispensation dated 24 May 1539, Sir Thomas Cheyney. <mask>, who died unmarried in 1524. There is a monument to her at Chenies. <mask>. <mask> (d. 6 August 1524), who married Henry Everard (d.1541), by whom she had several children, including Elizabeth Everard, who married Sir William Clopton (d. 6 October 1568) of Liston Hall, Essex. After the death of <mask>, Henry Everard married Lore (née Wentworth), widow of Edward Shaw and daughter of Sir Roger Wentworth by Anne Tyrrell, daughter of Humphrey Tyrrell.She survived him, and married, as her third husband, Francis Clopton (d.1558). Broughton married secondly Dorothy Wentworth, the sister of Sir Richard Wentworth (d. 17 October 1528), and daughter of Sir Henry Wentworth (d. August 1499) by Anne Say, daughter of Sir John Say (d.1478) of Broxbourne. Dorothy Wentworth's sister, Margery Wentworth, married Sir John Seymour, by whom she was the mother of Henry VIII's third wife, Jane Seymour. Notes

References

External links
Will of John de Vere, Earl of Oxford, proved 10 May 1513, PROB 11/17/379, National Archives Retrieved 1 June 2013
Will of Sir <mask>ton, proved 10 July 1507, PROB 11/15/535, National Archives Retrieved 1 June 2013
Will of John Broughton, proved 4 June 1519, PROB 11/19/251, National Archives Retrieved 1 June 2013
Will of John Broughton, proved 14 August 1489, PROB 11/8/396, National Archives Retrieved 5 June 2013
Stained glass windows depicting <mask> and Anne Denston, Long Melford Parish Church Retrieved 6 June 2013]

1506 deaths
Knights of the Bath
People of the Wars of the Roses
English MPs 1489
16th-century English people
Year of birth unknown

masks:
Robert Broughton
Robert Broughton
John Broughton
Robert Broughton
John Broughton
John Broughton
John Broughton
Robert
Broughton
Broughton
Broughton
Robert
Robert
John Broughton
John Broughton
Katherine Broughton
Anne Broughton
Elizabeth Broughton
Robert Broughton
Margaret Broughton
Margaret Broughton
Robert Brough
John Broughton


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<mask> (16 September 1722 – 26 January 1799) was a British Army General from Scotland, who settled in Montreal after the Seven Years' War. Following the British Conquest of New France, he invested in land and became one of the largest landowners in the British Province of Quebec. Early life
Born in Stirling, he was the son of <mask> (1695-1745), a wealthy merchant and manufacturer with branches in Glasgow, London and Baltimore. <mask>'s mother, Catherine Napier, was the daughter of Francis Napier (d.1713), of Craigannet; Provost of Stirling and a grandson of the distinguished John Napier. <mask> was educated in Stirling, Glasgow and England. <mask> entered the army as an ensign in 1742 under the patronage of his uncle, Lt.-General Robert Napier (1708-1766), Chief Staff Officer to the Duke of Cumberland at the Battle of Culloden. Military career

In 1745, <mask> was gazetted Lieutenant of the 27th (Inniskilling) Regiment of Foot.Present with his uncle at the Battle of Culloden, young <mask> was sent to the governor of Stirling Castle with the despatches announcing the victory. As Captain of the 44th Regiment of Foot, in 1756 General Abercrombie appointed him assistant-deputy-Quartermaster-General to the Forces in North America, maintaining that position under the new commander-in-chief, Earl Loudoun. He fought with Wolfe at the Siege of Quebec, when he was promoted Brevet Major. In 1762, he was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel, and in 1769 he was made deputy-Quartermaster-General to the Forces in North America. In 1773, he was appointed Lt.-Colonel of the King's Royal Rifle Corps and served with them in the West Indies. In 1778, he was made Colonel Commandant of the 2nd Battalion of that regiment. In 1780, they were serving in Antigua and in 1781 he was appointed Major-General and Commander-in-Chief of the Leeward Islands.In 1793, he was gazetted Lt.-General, and in 1796 he was made Colonel Commandant of the King's Royal Rifle Corps. In 1798, he received his final promotion to General and Commander-in-Chief of the British Forces in the Canadas, at Montreal. Canadian Seigneur

<mask> was based in the West Indies during most of the American Revolution, but in the 1780s, when his active role in the army was completed, he settled in Quebec where he had already started with his intentions of becoming a significant Seigneur there. In 1764, he purchased six seigneuries from noble French Canadian families returning to France after the Conquest. The first was the seigneury of L’Islet-du-Portage, from Paul-Joseph Le Moyne de Longueuil (son of Charles le Moyne de Longueuil, Baron de Longueuil), but he sold it in 1777 preferring land closer to Montreal. His second and third purchases were in partnership with Moses Hazen, acquiring the seigneuries of Bleury and Sabrevois from Clément Sabrevois de Bleury (father of Clément-Charles Sabrevois de Bleury) for £7,300. His fourth purchase was with John Campbell (1721-1795), buying the seigneury of Noyan from the Payen de Noyan family.In 1765, he purchased the seigneury of Lacolle, from the family of Jacques-Philippe Saveuse de Beaujeu. Finally, he purchased the seigneury of Léry from Gaspard-Joseph Chaussegros de Léry. Around 1777, he added the seigneuries of Lachenaie and Repentigny to his lands. He owned land in England too, but even these seigneurial acquisitions were not enough to satisfy his ambition: In 1792, he made two unsuccessful requests for land grants in the Eastern Townships. His final purchase was in 1796, when Jean-Baptiste Boucher de Niverville sold him the seigneury of Chambly. <mask> hired agents to look after his extensive land holdings and lived comfortably in Montreal with his family until his death, despite a few set backs. His property along the Richelieu River was devastated during the American Invasion of Canada in 1775.The seigneuries near St. Johns that he purchased with Hazen also created difficulties for him as during the War of Independence Hazen sided with the armies under Richard Montgomery who invaded Quebec. Hazen and <mask> were in court for years over their failed business partnership. Family

He had married Sarah Stevenson, daughter of John Stevenson of Albany, New York when stationed in the area, and settled her, their son and two daughters in Montreal. During his time in London in the 1780s, he had taken a mistress by the name of Rachel Plenderleath, and by her was the father of three further sons (<mask>, George and William) who were fully accepted into the main family and provided for equally - they each received £1,500 and commissions in the King's Royal Rifle Corps, while their eldest legitimate brother, Napier, inherited the bulk of his estate, before passing it to his half-brother. <mask> lived with his family on Rue Saint-Paul, Montreal. General <mask>-Burton (1758-1835), M.P., for Beverley, who succeeded his father as Commander-in-Chief of the British troops in the Canadas. Educated at Eton, as a compliment to his father he was invited to Windsor Castle by George III.He married Mary, daughter and heiress of General Ralph Burton, of Hotham Hall, Yorkshire and assumed the Burton name by license. Their sons died unmarried. Their eldest daughter married first Major-General John Clitherow and second Henry Peters of Betchworth Castle. Their youngest daughter founded at Wakefield a home for discharged female prisoners. <mask> (1772-1849). At Jamaica, she married Major John Robertson (1767-1815), of the King's Royal Rifle Corps, son of Colonel Daniel Robertson of Struan. He was associated with the mercantile firm of Alexander & James Robertson of Montreal, through whom he was granted 2,000 acres in the township of Buckingham, Quebec.She returned to Montreal in 1831 with her three children: Catherine (married Philip Anglin, of the King's Royal Rifle Corps), Maria and Amelia. <mask> (1774-1836), married Rev. James Tunstall (1760-1840), Rector of Christ Church Cathedral, Montreal. They were the parents of three sons and a daughter, Mrs Edward Roe. <mask> (b.c.1778)
George Plenderleath (b.c.1779)
William Smith Plenderleath (1780-1845), inherited his father's Canadian estates from his half-brother, on the condition he took the name '<mask>'. He was married three times, but had no children (1) In 1808,  Marie-Marguerite Chaboillez, daughter of Charles Chaboillez and widow of Simon McTavish of the North West Company, (2) Elizabeth McGinnis (3) Amelia Martha Bowman (1805-1898)

See also

 James Bell (merchant)

References

External links
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
The Christie Seigneuries: Estate Management and Settlement in the Upper Richelieu Valley, 1760-1854
Genealogical Memoirs of the <mask> family of Stirling

1722 births
1799 deaths
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
British Army generals
British Army personnel of the French and Indian War
People from Stirling
44th Regiment of Foot officers
Scottish landowners
British Army personnel of the Jacobite rising of 1745

masks:
Gabriel Christie
James Christie
Gabriel
Christie
Gabriel Christie
Christie
Christie
Christie
Christie
Christie
Gabriel
Christie
Napier Christie
Catherine Christie
Sarah Christie
Gabriel Plenderleath
Christie
Christie


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<mask> (born 4 September 1994) is an Irish semi-professional footballer who plays as a winger for Midland League Premier Division South Normanton Athletic. <mask> was born in Waterford, County Waterford. He joined the Tottenham Hotspur academy in July 2011. Since joining the Tottenham Academy, McEvoy quickly make an impact for the team, where he played for the under-18 team and scored eight goals in twenty-two appearances in the 2011–12 season.In the middle of the 2012–13 season, <mask> was promoted to the under-21 team and first featured for the reserve team when he appeared as an unused substitute against Liverpool U23 on 11 February 2013. He then made his Tottenham Reserve debut against Arsenal U21 on 23 February 2013, setting up one of the goals, in a 4–2 win. His first goal came on 11 March 2013, in a 4–0 win over West Bromwich Albion Reserve. At the end of the 2012–13 season, <mask> went on to make eleven appearances and scored three times. In the 2013–14 season, <mask> continued to feature for the under-21 team and scored his first goal of the season, in a 1–1 draw against Leicester City U23 on 21 October 2013. In November 2013, <mask> was called up by the first team for the first time ahead of the UEFA Europa League match against Tromsø in Norway, but was used as an unused substitute. Following this, <mask> scored two goals in the next two matches between on 13 December 2013 and 14 January 2013 against Fulham U23 and Newcastle United U23.Then, in February 2014, <mask> was featured again in the first team, where he was once again as an unused substitute in a UEFA Europa League match against Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk on 20 February 2014. As the 2013–14 season progressed, he went on to make eighteen appearances and scoring five times. After being recalled by his parent club on 11 November 2014, whilst on loan at Peterborough United, <mask> returned to the club's reserve team, where he started the whole game, in a 2–0 win over Fulham U23. Shortly being recalled once again by his parent club, whilst at Colchester United, <mask> scored on his return for the club's reserve team, in a 1–1 draw against Manchester United U23 on 3 March 2015. He scored again for the team, several weeks later on 23 March 2015, in a 3–1 loss against Leicester City U23. Having spent the whole season on loan in the 2014–15 season, <mask> went on to score two goals in ten appearances. For his performance, <mask> signed an 18-month contract.In the 2015–16 season, <mask> went on to make five appearances and scoring three times for the reserve team, including a brace against Leicester City U23 on 21 September 2015. He also scored against Manchester City U21 on 14 August 2015. Loan spells
<mask> joined League One club Peterborough United a youth loan for the 2014–15 season on 24 July 2014. On 9 August 2014, he made his senior debut against Rochdale. <mask> scored his first goal a week later, with a deflected shot in a 3–2 home win over Milton Keynes Dons. He was recalled by Tottenham on 11 November 2014, having made eight appearances for Peterborough. On 30 January 2015, he joined Colchester United of League One on a youth loan until the end of 2014–15, but only managed one appearance before being recalled by Tottenham.On 26 September 2015, <mask> joined League Two club Stevenage on a one-month loan. He made his Stevenage debut against Cambridge United on the same day, coming on as a seventy-first-minute substitute in a 1–0 defeat. This was his only appearance for Stevenage before the loan expired. York City

On 25 November 2015, <mask> joined League Two club York City on loan until 2 January 2016. He made his York City debut on 28 November 2015, three days after signing for the club, making his first start, in a 5–1 loss against Accrington Stanley. Having impressed manager Jackie McNamara in his four appearances for York, <mask> joined the club on a permanent contract for the rest of 2015–16 on 5 January 2016. <mask>'s first game after signing for the club on a permanent basis came on 16 January 2016, making a start, in 1–0 loss against Newport County.Several weeks later, on 30 January 2016, he scored his first York City goal, in a 2–1 win over Stevenage. His second goal came on 30 April 2016, in a 4–1 loss against Bristol Rovers. After seeing the York City relegated from the League Two, <mask> went on to make twenty appearances and scoring twice for the team. He was released by York when his contract expired at the end of 2015–16. South Normanton Athletic and Waterford
After leaving York City, <mask> moved to East Midlands Counties League club South Normanton Athletic, where he briefly stayed there, as he made twelve appearances and scoring seven times in all competitions. After leaving South Normanton Athletic, <mask> was linked a move back to his hometown country, with a tug of war between Waterford and Sligo Rovers expressed interests in him. <mask> signed for League of Ireland First Division club Waterford on 25 January 2017 and made his Waterford debut on 24 February 2017, playing the whole game, in a 1–0 loss against Athlone Town.<mask> scored his first goal for Waterford against Cobh Ramblers in a crucial 2-1 victory at the RSC. After featuring 18 times for Waterford, <mask> left the club by mutual consent, after committing to a full-time job in England. On 10 August 2017, <mask> re-signed for South Normanton Athletic, with the club now in the Midland League Premier Division. International career
<mask> has represented the Republic of Ireland at under-17, under-19 and under-21 levels. Style of play
McEvoy plays as a winger and has been praised for his pace and crossing. Personal life
In June 2015, <mask> married his wife, Toni and became a father when his wife gave birth to a baby girl named Dolly on 26 September 2016. McEvoy earned attention from both the British and Irish media, due to his resemblance of his then teammate Gareth Bale.Career statistics

References

External links

<mask> profile at the Football Association of Ireland website

1994 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Waterford (city)
Association footballers from County Waterford
Republic of Ireland association footballers
Republic of Ireland youth international footballers
Republic of Ireland under-21 international footballers
Association football wingers
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Peterborough United F.C. players
Colchester United F.C. players
Stevenage F.C. players
York City F.C. players
South Normanton Athletic F.C. players
Waterford F.C.players
English Football League players
East Midlands Counties Football League players
League of Ireland players

masks:
Kenneth McEvoy
McEvoycEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
Kenny
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
McEvoy
Kenny McEvoy