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<mask> (born October 16, 1992) is an American professional baseball right fielder for the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball (MLB). He played in MLB for the Washington Nationals from 2012 through 2018. He has been touted as a "five-tool player". <mask> graduated from high school early so that he could attend the College of Southern Nevada, where he won the 2010 Golden Spikes Award. The Nationals selected <mask> as the first overall pick in the 2010 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut with the Nationals on April 28, 2012, at 19 years old. <mask> was selected for the 2012 All-Star Game, becoming the youngest position player to perform in an All-Star Game.<mask> won the National League (NL) Rookie of the Year Award in 2012 and tied for the NL lead in home runs in 2015. He was named the NL Most Valuable Player for 2015 by unanimous decision of the Baseball Writers' Association of America; at age 23, he became the youngest MLB baseball player to win the award. As a free agent during the 2018–19 offseason, he signed a 13-year, $330 million contract with the Phillies, the richest contract in the history of North American sports at the time until being eclipsed shortly after by Mike Trout. He won his second NL MVP award in 2021 with the Phillies. Amateur career
<mask> attended Las Vegas High School in Las Vegas, Nevada. In May 2009, Sports Illustrated featured <mask> with a cover story in which he was compared with LeBron James. After his sophomore year, he earned his General Educational Development (GED) in October 2009, making him eligible for the Major League Baseball (MLB) draft held in June 2010, in order to begin his professional baseball career earlier.For the 2010 college season, 17-year-old <mask> enrolled at the College of Southern Nevada of the Scenic West Athletic Conference (SWAC) in the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA), where he played as a catcher. His older brother Bryan, who had been his teammate at Las Vegas High School, was one of the Southern Nevada Coyotes' starting pitchers, and the brothers often worked as a battery. An advantage for <mask> in his eventual transition to his professional career was that the SWAC, like MLB, uses wooden bats in conference play. In 66 games, he hit 31 home runs with 98 runs batted in (RBIs), hitting .443 with a .526 on-base percentage (OBP), and a .987 slugging percentage (SLG). His 31 home runs broke the school's previous record of 12. He was named the 2010 SWAC Player of the Year. In the Western district finals of the 2010 NJCAA World Series, <mask> went 6-for-7 with five RBIs and hit for the cycle.The next day, in a doubleheader, he went 2-for-5 with a three-run double in the first game, and in the second game went 6-for-6 with four home runs, a triple, and a double. On June 2 that year, he was ejected from a National Junior College World Series game by home plate umpire Don Gilmore for disputing a called third strike. <mask> drew a line in the dirt with his bat as he left the plate, presumably to show where he thought the pitch was. It was <mask>'s second ejection of the year and resulted in a two-game suspension. The suspension ended his amateur career, as Southern Nevada lost the game from which <mask> was ejected and lost their next game with <mask> suspended, which eliminated them from the tournament. <mask> won the 2010 Golden Spikes Award, given to the best amateur baseball player in the United States. Professional career

Draft and minor leagues
The Washington Nationals chose <mask> in the first overall selection of the 2010 Major League Baseball draft.Although <mask> had previously and predominantly played catcher, the Nationals drafted him as an outfielder to extend his career and to accelerate his player development so that he could debut in MLB earlier. At the signing deadline, <mask> and the Nationals agreed to a five-year contract worth $9.9 million, including a $6.25 million signing bonus and eight semesters of college tuition. When asked about the signing, Nationals President Stan Kasten said, "The truth is, with a full minute to go, Mike and I both thought we were not going to have a deal." Asked what changed in that final minute, Nationals General Manager Mike Rizzo replied, "It was both sides compromising and knowing that we were so close, it would be fruitless not to get a deal done." On August 26, 2010, <mask> was introduced by the Nationals. He said he chose to wear No. 34 because "I always loved Mickey Mantle, three and four equals seven."After batting .319 with a .407 OBP (and leading his team in hits, home runs, RBIs, and walks) in the Nationals' fall instructional league, <mask> was selected to participate in the Arizona Fall League (AFL) as a member of the Scottsdale Scorpions taxi-squad, the second-youngest player in the history of the league (two days older than when Mets' prospect Fernando Martínez appeared in the league in 2006). He batted .343 and slugged .729. On November 20, <mask> and the Scottsdale Scorpions won the 2010 AFL Championship. After batting .399 in spring training, <mask> began his minor league career when the Nationals optioned him to the Hagerstown Suns of the Class-A South Atlantic League. In April 2011, after a slow start in the minor leagues, <mask> visited optometrist Dr. Keith Smithson, who reportedly told him, "I don't know how you ever hit before. You have some of the worst eyes I've ever seen." In his first 20 games after receiving contact lenses, <mask> hit .480, collecting seven home runs, 10 doubles and 23 RBIs.<mask> was selected to represent the United States in the 2011 All-Star Futures Game during the 2011 All-Star Game weekend. He was promoted to the Harrisburg Senators of the Class AA Eastern League on July 4. <mask> went 2-for-3 in his AA debut with two singles, a run, and a walk. On August 18, 2011, <mask> injured his hamstring while running from second to third on an extra-base hit. The injury was severe enough for him to be carried off the field by his coaches. He was placed on the seven-day disabled list and the injury had ended <mask>'s season. <mask> began the 2012 season with the Syracuse Chiefs of the Class AAA International League.Washington Nationals

2012 season: NL Rookie of the Year
The Nationals promoted <mask> to the major leagues on April 27, 2012, after Ryan Zimmerman was placed on the disabled list. He made his MLB debut with the Nationals the next day against the Los Angeles Dodgers. <mask> grounded out to pitcher Chad Billingsley in his first major league at-bat. He recorded his first major league hit, a double, in his third at-bat against Billingsley and got his first RBI on a sacrifice fly in the top of the ninth against Javy Guerra. After being hit by a pitch by Cole Hamels in the first inning of a game against the Phillies on May 6, <mask> eventually advanced to third, then stole home plate, becoming the first teenager to steal home plate since 1964. Hamels later admitted that he intentionally hit <mask> and was suspended for five games by MLB. On May 14, <mask> was 19 when he hit his first career Major League home run, connecting off of San Diego Padres pitcher Tim Stauffer.He was the youngest player to homer in the major leagues since Adrián Beltré did in 1998. He was named National League Rookie of the Month for May. <mask> earned his first walkoff hit on June 5 with an RBI single in the bottom of the 12th inning against the New York Mets. During a game against the Toronto Blue Jays on June 12, <mask> hit a deep home run to center field that struck an advertising banner adjacent to the restaurant in the second tier of seats at the Rogers Centre, estimated to travel 438 feet. After the game, a reporter asked if <mask> would take advantage of Ontario's lower drinking age (19, versus 21 in the U.S.) by drinking a celebratory beer with his teammates. <mask> replied, "I'm not going to answer that. That's a clown question, bro."The comment quickly developed into an Internet meme, and the phrase itself repeated, in response to a question, by Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid. <mask> filed an application to trademark the phrase. <mask> was named a candidate in the All-Star Final Vote, with the winner being added to the All-Star Game roster. <mask> finished third behind David Freese and Michael Bourn. However, Bourn would make the roster after Ian Desmond sustained an injury and <mask> would become the youngest position player (and third-youngest player, behind Dwight Gooden and Bob Feller) to ever make an All-Star roster when it was announced Giancarlo Stanton would undergo knee surgery. "I don't have words to explain it right now. It's exciting to go.I'm excited to get there and be around all the top guys in the country, of course, and the top guys in baseball. I'm going to take it all in and try to enjoy it with my family and just be as mellow and as calm as I can," <mask> stated. He went 0-for-1 with a strikeout and a walk. <mask> struggled in the games following the All-Star break, hitting .176 with 26 strikeouts in his first 116 plate appearances in the second half of the season. Manager Davey Johnson began to give <mask> days off due to his poor play and visible on-field frustration. Johnson said that <mask> had become "overly aggressive" at the plate. <mask>'s play began to improve in late August.He hit two home runs in a game against the Miami Marlins on August 29, his first career multi-homer game, and received his first major league ejection after throwing his helmet down in the ninth inning in response to hitting into a double play. He had a second multi-homer game on September 5, against the Chicago Cubs. <mask> was named Rookie of the Month again in September after hitting .330 with seven home runs. <mask>'s 254 total bases and 57 extra base hits were the most ever for a player under age 20, while his 22 home runs, 98 runs scored, .340 on-base percentage, .477 slugging percentage, and .817 on base-plus-slugging were the best regular season totals for a teenager in the past 45 years. In Game 5 of the 2012 NLDS against the St. Louis Cardinals, <mask> hit his first postseason home run. The Nationals would eventually lose the game 7–9 despite leading by 6 runs. He finished his first postseason appearance with a .130 batting average.<mask> was named the National League Rookie of the Year. He received 112 votes, 16 of them first-place votes, beating Arizona's Wade Miley (105 votes, 12 first-place) and Cincinnati's Todd Frazier. 2013 season
<mask> hit two home runs against the Miami Marlins on Opening Day of the 2013 season. At age 20, he became the youngest major league player to hit two home runs in his team's first game of the season. He was voted a starter for the MLB All-Star Game, his second career All-Star selection. After hitting 13 home runs in just 58 games, <mask> was selected to participate in the 2013 Home Run Derby. <mask> hit a total of 16 home runs in the first two rounds to advance to the final round, in which he faced Yoenis Céspedes, an outfielder for the Oakland Athletics.Although he lost 9–8 in the finals, <mask> was the second-youngest player to participate in the Home Run Derby, and the youngest to ever make it to the final round. <mask> hit his 17th homer of the season on August 6, the 39th of his career, passing Ken Griffey Jr. for most home runs by a player younger than 21. Only two other players hit more home runs than <mask> before turning 21. In 118 games, he hit .274/.368/.486 with 20 home runs, 58 RBIs, and 47 extra base hits. During the 2013 off-season, <mask> successfully underwent left knee surgery to remove a bursa sac. 2014 season
During a game against the San Diego Padres on April 25, 2014, <mask> suffered a left thumb injury when he slid into third base on a 3-run triple. He was placed on the 15-day disabled list the next day.An MRI revealed that the thumb had a torn ulnar collateral ligament. On April 28, it was announced that <mask> would require surgery to repair the ligament tear in the thumb. During a rehab game with the Double-A Harrisburg Senators on June 28, <mask> hit 3 home runs in a single game. <mask> returned to the Majors on June 30. In 100 games during the season, <mask> batted .273 with 13 home runs and 32 RBI. After the 2014 season, <mask> planned to travel to Japan to participate in the 2014 Major League Baseball Japan All-Star Series, but later withdrew. 2015 season: NL MVP

On April 18, 2015, <mask> hit the longest home run of his MLB career with a 461-foot drive over the center field wall against the Philadelphia Phillies.On May 6, <mask> hit three home runs in a single game for the first time in his career. He did it against Tom Koehler, with one of the shots going 442 feet to the second deck in a 7–5 victory over the Miami Marlins. He became the youngest player to accomplish this feat since Joe Lahoud in 1969. <mask> was later awarded the Player of the Month Award for May for the first time in his career. Measured by adjusted OPS (OPS+), <mask>'s 2015 was a top-5 hitting season (since 1900) for all players under the age of 23, and the best season of any hitter since Barry Bonds a decade earlier. He also led the majors in WAR and tied for the NL home run title with 42. <mask> also became the youngest player ever with at least 40 home runs and 120 walks in one season, a distinction previously held by Babe Ruth.Baseball America named <mask> the 2015 player of the year. On October 31, <mask> was named the National League winner of the 2015 Hank Aaron Award. On November 19, <mask>

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 was selected as the 2015 National League Most Valuable Player by unanimous decision. With his MVP win at age 23, <mask> became the youngest player to unanimously win the award. <mask> also became the first player in Nationals/Expos history to win an MVP award and the first player that played for a Washington team to win one. ESPN chose him as their 2015 MLB Person of the Year. 2016 season
On April 14, 2016, <mask> hit his first career grand slam for his 100th career home run in a game against the Atlanta Braves.Three days later, he hit a home run for a fourth straight game, setting a new career streak for most consecutive games with a home run. He was named National League Player of the Week on April 18, after driving in 12 runs, tying a club record for home runs in consecutive games and becoming the eighth-youngest player in major league history to reach 100 home runs. On May 8, <mask> was walked six times in a game against the Chicago Cubs, tying the MLB record for most walks in a game. <mask> also reached base seven times (besides the six walks he was also hit by a pitch), becoming the first player in over 100 years to reach base seven times without recording an at-bat. In total, <mask> was walked 13 times in the four-game series, setting a new MLB record for most walks in a series. On May 9, <mask> was ejected from the dugout for yelling at home plate umpire Brian Knight when teammate Danny Espinosa was called out on strikes. <mask> returned to the field to celebrate the win with his teammates and was caught shouting profanity towards Knight.Two days later, <mask> was given a one-game suspension and an undisclosed fine, but <mask> appealed the same day. On May 14, <mask> dropped his appeal and began serving the one-game suspension. In 147 games of 2016, <mask> finished with a .243 batting average, 24 home runs, and 86 RBI. He also walked 108 times, and 20 of them were intentional that led MLB. The Nationals finished the season with a 95–67 record, clinching the NL East division, but lost to the Dodgers in the 2016 NLDS. 2017 season
On Opening Day, April 3, 2017, <mask> hit a solo home run, struck out, and walked against the Miami Marlins. His home run was the fifth of his career in a season opener, the most by a player younger than 25.He set the MLB record for runs scored in the month of April with 32, surpassing Larry Walker's 29 in 1997. On May 13, <mask> and the Nationals avoided arbitration in 2018 by agreeing to a one-year, $21.625-million contract. That night, he hit a walk-off home run versus the Philadelphia Phillies for the second time in the 2017 season, after doing it on April 16 as well. On May 16, <mask> hit a home run at PNC Park, which meant in his career he had hit a home run in all 15 National League ballparks. On May 29, in a game against the San Francisco Giants, <mask> was hit by a pitch from Hunter Strickland. <mask> had hit two home runs off of Strickland in the 2014 National League Division Series (a series the Giants won), leading <mask> to believe Strickland was seeking revenge. <mask> slammed down his bat and charged the mound, throwing his helmet wide of Strickland before the two players exchanged punches, starting a bench-clearing brawl in which Giants first baseman Michael Morse, one of several former Nationals teammates of <mask> on the Giants team, suffered a serious concussion in a collision with Giants pitcher Jeff Samardzija.Both <mask> and Strickland were ejected for their roles in the brawl. The next day, on May 30, <mask> was suspended four games. <mask> appealed, and his suspension was reduced to three games. <mask> credited Morse with preventing him from injury during the scrum, as Morse had absorbed a body blow from Samardzija that appeared to be aimed at <mask>, telling a MASN reporter, "I'm very thankful for Mikey Mo." <mask> was the top overall vote-getter for the National League to start in the 2017 Major League Baseball All-Star Game and received the most votes of any one player overall. As the starting right fielder for the National League All-Stars, he went 1-for-1 with a walk and made a diving catch to rob American League catcher Salvador Pérez of a base hit. He wore cleats for the All-Star Game in honor of the late Miami Marlins ace José Fernández, a division rival pitcher who had held <mask> to a career .211 batting average against him; Fernández had been killed in a September 2016 boat crash.On July 27, <mask> hit one of four consecutive home runs by Nationals hitters off Milwaukee Brewers starter Michael Blazek; this was the first time that the feat had been accomplished in Major League Baseball since the 2011 season. On August 7, he hit his 150th home run. He was 24 years and 295 days old when he accomplished this feat, exactly the same age as Los Angeles Angels superstar Mike Trout when he hit his 150th home run. On August 12, <mask> suffered a hyperextended left knee after reaching first base; the injury forced him to leave the game. It was later revealed that his left knee had a significant bone bruise, but no ligament damage, sending him to the disabled list but prompting team officials to say they were confident he could return before the end of the season. On September 27, <mask> was reactivated off of the DL against the Philadelphia Phillies. On October 13, <mask> went 2–4 with an RBI in Game 5 of the NLDS, and made the last out of the game by striking out against Chicago Cubs' closer, Wade Davis, ending the Nationals' NLCS bid.2018 season
<mask> began the 2018 season by drawing more walks than in previous years. He was batting .219 with 21 home runs and 50 RBIs when he was named a starting outfielder for the 2018 MLB All-Star Game. He finished the season with a career-high 130 walks, 34 home runs, a .249 batting average, and 100 RBIs, marking his first season reaching triple-digit RBIs. He became a free agent after the 2018 season. Philadelphia Phillies

On March 2, 2019, <mask> signed a 13-year, $330 million contract with the Philadelphia Phillies. This deal set the record for the largest MLB contract until Mike Trout signed a 12-year, $430 million contract extension with the Los Angeles Angels. <mask> chose to wear No.3 with the club, as the number he wore with the Nationals (34) was being considered for retirement by the Phillies in honor of the late Roy Halladay. At his first press conference, <mask> misspoke saying "We want to bring a title back to D.C."

2019 season
<mask>'s first hit as a member of the Phillies was a 465-foot home run to the second deck of the right field bleachers at Citizens Bank Park on March 30, 2019, off Jesse Biddle of the Atlanta Braves. On August 15, 2019, <mask> hit a walk-off grand slam against the Chicago Cubs. On September 3, 2019, <mask> would bat his 100th RBI of the season for the second consecutive year and was the first Philadelphia Phillies player since Ryan Howard in 2011 to hit for 100 RBIs or more in a season. However, the Phillies missed the playoffs, while <mask>'s former team, the Washington Nationals, went on to win the World Series. 2020 season
In March 2020, the Major League Baseball season was suspended indefinitely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On May 15, <mask> took to Instagram and suggested a potential 135-game season that would last from July through November.Major League Baseball eventually settled on a 60-game season that began on July 24. <mask> hit .268/.420/.542 with 13 home runs and 33 RBIs and led the majors with 49 walks during the season. 2021 season: Second NL MVP
In 2021, <mask> batted .309/.429/.615 with 35 home runs and 84 RBIs in 141 games. His slugging percentage led the major leagues. He also led the National League with 78 extra-base hits and tied for the major league lead with 42 doubles. He won his second career National League MVP award. Career accomplishments

 2× NL Most Valuable Player (2015, 2021)
 6× MLB All-Star selection (2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)
 National League Rookie of the Year (2012)
 2× NL Hank Aaron Award (2015, 2021)
 Silver Slugger Award (2015, 2021)
 ESPN MLB Person of the Year (2015)
 All-Star Futures Game selection (2011)
 Golden Spikes Award (2010)
 SWAC Player of the Year (2010)
 Baseball America High School Player of the Year (2009)

All-Star games
<mask> has been known to stay in the dugout until the final out of All-Star Games, even though in that particular event, players who have been removed from the game are permitted to leave the dugout before the game is over.Many players who do leave early go right to the shower and then leave the park. During each of his first four All-Star Games, <mask> indicated that he had remained for the entire game, anticipating the opportunity to re-enter should his team require it due to a shortage of players by reason of either injury or ejection. <mask> participated in the 2018 Home Run Derby. <mask>'s father also participated as the pitcher for <mask>'s at-bats. <mask> won the derby with nine home runs hit in 47 seconds. Opening Day
<mask> is known for hitting home runs on Opening Day and became the first player in MLB history to hit five home runs in opening games before the age of 25. Personal life
<mask> resides in Henderson, Nevada, during the off-season.His father, Ron, is an ironworker in Las Vegas and his mother is Sherilyn <mask>. <mask> attributes his work ethic to the lessons he learned from watching his father: "I wanted to come out and I wanted to work hard because he worked hard. He did it for over 25 years." <mask>'s older brother, Bryan, also played in the Washington Nationals organization. While playing on different teams within the Nationals organization, the <mask> brothers spoke by phone "almost every day" during the baseball season, according to <mask>. When he was a youth in Las Vegas, he also played alongside Joey Gallo and Kris Bryant. <mask> is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.He has spoken publicly about his decision to abstain from alcohol. In 2014, he said that he sometimes drinks coffee during the baseball season. Though serving a mission is strongly encouraged for male members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints who are between the ages of 18 and 26, it is not required. <mask> decided his mission rested on the diamond. In a 2016 interview, he said, "Coming up to the draft and trying to make that decision, I always thought that my Heavenly Father upstairs always just wanted me to be a walking Book of Mormon, you could say,” [...] “I knew that I could touch a lot of people’s lives playing and trying to be the best Mormon that I can be on and off the field." <mask> and his girlfriend Kayla Varner were engaged in 2014, but their wedding that was set for January 2015 did not take place. In July 2016, Kayla announced the couple's reconciliation and re-engagement.<mask> married his longtime girlfriend in a ceremony at the San Diego California Temple in December 2016. Their first child, a son, was born in Las Vegas on August 22, 2019, while <mask> was with his wife on paternity leave. Their second child, a daughter, was born in November 2020. In 2018, the Washington Nationals Dream Foundation and the District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation renovated a baseball field in the Takoma neighborhood of Washington, D.C. and named it <mask> Harper Field. <mask> owns a customized Mercedes-Benz CLS that is outfitted with a low-light glow bat enclosure in the trunk and Nationals curly "W" insignia on the rear of the car; the insignia replaced the Mercedes logo. <mask> is a fan of the Vegas Golden Knights of the NHL. He dropped the puck before a game in their inaugural season and put the Golden Knights' logo on his bat during their run to the Stanley Cup Finals in 2018.After his first son's birth, the Vegas Golden Knights gifted him a personalized jersey. Endorsements and other media appearances
<mask> was featured in an episode of ESPN E:60. He was featured in another ESPN magazine in 2015, this time displaying naked in ESPN's The Magazine 2015 Body Issue. <mask> also received a sponsorship deal with a nutritional supplement company that focused on active lifestyles, MusclePharm. He also endorsed the barbershop chain and hair product line Blind Barber. See also

 List of largest sports contracts
 List of Major League Baseball annual doubles leaders
 List of Major League Baseball annual runs scored leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career games played as a right fielder leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career OPS leaders
 List of Major League Baseball career slugging percentage leaders
 List of National League annual slugging percentage leaders
 List of people from Las Vegas
 List of Philadelphia Phillies award winners and league leaders
 List of Washington Nationals team records

References

External links

<mask> at SABR (Baseball BioProject)
<mask> at Baseball Almanac
<mask>  at Baseball Gauge

1992 births
Living people
Baseball players from Nevada
Hagerstown Suns players
Harrisburg Senators players
Latter Day Saints from Nevada
Major League Baseball right fielders
Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award winners
National League All-Stars
National League home run champions
National League Most Valuable Player Award winners
Philadelphia Phillies players
Potomac Nationals players
Scottsdale Scorpions players
Silver Slugger Award winners
Southern Nevada Coyotes baseball players
Sportspeople from Las Vegas
Syracuse Chiefs players
Washington Nationals players
Las Vegas High School alumni
Twitch (service)

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<mask> (born March 18, 1972) is an American stand-up comedian and film actor. He has released six comedy albums: Harmful If Swallowed; Retaliation; Vicious Circle; Rough Around the Edges: Live from Madison Square Garden; and Isolated Incident. In 2006, Retaliation became the highest charting comedy album in 28 years and went platinum. He performed an HBO special in late 2006, Vicious Circle, a straight-to-DVD special titled Rough Around The Edges (which is included in the album of the same name), and a Comedy Central special in 2009 titled Isolated Incident. He is known for his use of observational, often vulgar, and sometimes dark comedy. He is one of the first comedians to use a personal webpage and MySpace to build a large fan base,
and in 2006 was described as "alarmingly popular". As an actor, <mask> has appeared in films since 1997, including Mystery Men, Waiting..., Employee of the Month, Good Luck Chuck, Dan in Real Life, Mr. Brooks, and My Best Friend's Girl.He also provided the lead voice role in the 2013 animated family film Planes, and its 2014 sequel Planes: Fire & Rescue. He was the second comedian (after Andrew Dice Clay) to sell out Madison Square Garden's large arena space. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the second son of Donna Jean (née Ford; died 2006) and George F<mask> (died 2007). He has an older half-brother, Darryl, and five sisters. He grew up in a Catholic family of Irish descent. <mask> was raised in Arlington, Massachusetts, where he attended Arlington High School. <mask> has described himself as having been "pretty quiet, pretty introverted, shy" as a child, although he was a "wild child" at home.He overcame his shyness in his junior year of high school, when he began acting and doing stand-up comedy. After graduating from high school, he studied graphic design in college as a back-up plan, in case he did not achieve success in comedy. He now designs all of his merchandise, including the cover of his album, Harmful If Swallowed. Career

Early work
In 1990, <mask> began performing stand-up in comedy clubs. On October 30, 1992, <mask> and a group of local emerging improv/sketch comedians were scheduled to appear at the Boston Garden as part of local radio station WBCN's "Rock of Boston" music concert. Although they anticipated appearing earlier in the lineup, they were scheduled to perform between popular band Spin Doctors and the final headline act Phish, making them somewhat nervous but determined to do well. Moments after they took the stage however, the crowd, neither expecting nor appreciating a comedy act at this late stage in the evening's program and impatient for Phish to go on, expressed their displeasure by throwing their shoes at the stage.Robert Kelly, also on stage as a member of the comedy group, pleaded with the audience to settle down and let them perform their act; the crowd instead escalated to throwing lighters. Sustaining minor injuries, <mask> and the comedy group left the stage. <mask> described the incident – as well as how dejected he felt and his resulting determination to someday return to the Boston Garden and perform successfully someday – as part of a web series for The Tonight Show entitled "Worst I Ever Bombed". Stand-up

1990s
In 1994, <mask> moved to New York City and began performing. Two years later, he moved to Los Angeles, where he still lives today. His big break came in 1998 when he appeared on Comedy Central's Premium Blend. In 2000, <mask> did a half-hour special on Comedy Central Presents.Since then his special has won the Comedy Central Stand-up showdown twice in a row. 2000s
In 2003, <mask> released his first CD/DVD, Harmful If Swallowed. He signed a contract with Comedy Central Records. The album is certified platinum. He released his second CD/DVD in 2005, entitled Retaliation. This album went double platinum and made <mask> the first comic in 27 years to have an album in the top 5 on the Billboard charts after Steve Martin's A Wild and Crazy Guy moved as high as #2 in late 1978. He performed at the MTV Video Music Awards, and then afterwards he joined Snoop Dogg in presenting the award for Best New Artist.On April 15, 2005, <mask> performed his first HBO Special entitled Vicious Circle. Vicious Circle was filmed "in the round" at the TD Garden. The same year, <mask> shot two pilot episodes for his own sitcom, Cooked. The sitcom was not picked up and the two pilot episodes were later released on DVD as the Lost Pilot. That same year, he embarked on a 30-day, 20-show college tour called Tourgasm with his longtime friends Robert Kelly, Gary Gulman, and Jay Davis. The tour was filmed and was later made into a 9-episode documentary on HBO. On December 3, 2005, <mask> hosted Saturday Night Live (SNL).He would then go on to host the premiere of season 32 of SNL a year later. The same year <mask> launched his own company, Superfinger Entertainment, in order to produce his own albums and videos. In 2006, <mask> headlined for Dave Attell's Insomniac Tour and hosted the 2006 Teen Choice Awards alongside Jessica Simpson. The following year he won the award for Best Comedian. On November 12, 2007, <mask> became the second comic to sell out Madison Square Garden's large arena space after Andrew Dice Clay accomplished this feat in 1990. He did two sold-out shows in one night. The show was filmed and would later be put onto a DVD to be sold on <mask>'s third comedy album.<mask> won the Big Entertainer Award at the VH1 Big in '06 Awards, and Rolling Stone magazine's Hot Comic of the Year. The following day, November 13, 2007, he released his third CD/DVD entitled Rough Around The Edges, which was filmed live at Madison Square Garden in New York City. During that time, he embarked on his first arena tour. On April 10, 2007, <mask> broke the Laugh Factory's endurance record (previously held by Richard Pryor) by performing on stage for three hours and 50 minutes. Dave Chappelle would break the record five days later by performing for six hours and seven minutes. Chappelle beat that record on December 3, 2007, by performing for six hours and twelve minutes. On January 1, 2008, <mask> broke Chappelle's record, by performing on stage for seven hours.From May 23, 2008, to May 25, 2008, <mask> reunited with Robert Kelly and Al Del Bene for three shows at The Coliseum in Caesars Palace. From May 29-June 4, 2008 the trio went to Iraq to perform for the troops. Del Bene was the Emcee, Kelly was the feature, and <mask> was the headliner. He finished his fourth album, Isolated Incident; a performance which aired on Comedy Central on May 17, 2009, with the release of the record following two days later. He kicked off that tour at the Mohegan Sun in Uncasville, Connecticut, on April 25, 2009. This album was the last as part of <mask>'s four-record deal with Comedy Central Records. The new album was performed at Laugh Factory in Hollywood, which is considered to be <mask>'s home base, where he goes to work on new material.He released the DVD version of Isolated Incident in November 2009. 2010s
In 2012, <mask> caused a minor controversy when a joke he made in a comedy club about the 2012 Aurora, Colorado shooting was recorded and made the headlines.He later took to Twitter to apologize, "I am devastated by the recent tragedy in Colorado & did not mean to make light of what happened. I made a bad judgment call with my material last night & regret making a joke at such a sensitive time. My heart goes out to all of the families & friends of the victims." In 2014, Showtime aired <mask>'s Troublemaker special. In September 2016 <mask> headlined with Sebastian Maniscalco at the Oddball Comedy Festival in Dallas, Texas, and the Oddball Comedy & Curiosity Festival in Irvine, California. He also toured Canada in November at the annual "Just For Laughs" comedy festival.In May 2018 he performed at Hard Rock Rocksino in Northfield Park, Ohio. At the end of 2018 <mask> announced the "Tell It Like It is" Tour, his first full-scale stand-up tour since "Under Oath" in 2013. The tour began in February 2019 in Huntington, New York and concluded in November in Los Angeles, California. Film
<mask> began his film career with small roles in the late 1990s, including Mystery Men as "The Waffler", and opposite Dennis Rodman in 1999's Simon Sez. In 2006, <mask> starred in his first leading role as Zack Bradley in Employee of the Month, which co-starred Jessica Simpson and Dax Shepard. The film made a modest $30 million against a $12 million budget. In June 2007, <mask> co-starred in his first dramatic role as the devious photographer "Mr. Smith" in Mr. Brooks, which starred Kevin Costner.The film debuted at number 4 at the box office, grossing $10,017,067 in its opening weekend. In September 2007, <mask> starred as dentist Charlie Logan in Good Luck Chuck, which co-starred Jessica Alba and Dan Fogler. The film was the second-highest-grossing film (#1 Comedy) at the U.S. box office in its opening weekend, grossing $13.6 million in 2,612 theaters. The film went on to have a total box office tally of approximately $35 million U.S. and $24 million foreign. A month later, <mask> co-starred as Mitch Burns in Dan In Real Life, which starred Steve Carell. The film grossed $11.8 million in 1,921 theaters its opening weekend, ranking number 2 at the box office. As of July 6, 2008, it has grossed $62,745,217.In 2008, <mask> starred as air purifier call-center supervisor Tank Turner in My Best Friend's Girl with Kate Hudson, Jason Biggs, and Alec Baldwin. The film grossed $8.2 million in its opening weekend, debuting at #3 at the box office. In 2010, <mask> claimed that he had auditioned for the role of Captain America for Captain America: The First Avenger, although director Joe Johnston did not have him on the short list for the part. In 2013, <mask> voiced the character of Dusty Crophopper in the animated film, Planes, a spin-off of Pixar's Cars franchise. He reprised his role as Dusty in the 2014 sequel Planes: Fire & Rescue. In 2015, <mask> starred in the film 400 Days with Brandon Routh, Caity Lotz, and Ben Feldman. The film was directed by Matt Osterman and executive produced by <mask>.Stage

On November 18, 2010, it was announced that both <mask> and Josh Hamilton would be starring in Neil LaBute's 2011 Broadway production of Fat Pig; however, before the show began it was postponed for financial reasons. Television
His first TV role was playing a quarterback named Kyle on the 1995 ABC comedy Maybe This Time, which starred Marie Osmond, Betty White and Ashley Johnson. In October 2005, during an interview with Jay Leno on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, actress Charlize Theron leaned forward and allowed <mask> to kiss her backside. In May 2012, it was announced that <mask> would be starring in the new NBC comedy Next Caller. On October 12, 2012, the show was canceled prior to its airing after filming four out of six episodes. Comedic style
<mask>'s style is principally "long-form storytelling" and "multipurpose phrases". <mask> says his onstage persona is a combination of the personalities of his mom, Donna, and his dad, George."My mother is like a Looney Tunes cartoon. She's wiggly ... She has the ability to tongue in cheek a lot, and do it in a way where she's being physical. My dad is the polar opposite. He always had a little 'what the fuck' in his voice. Even if he knew nothing about what he was talking about, he could sell it. So I looked at these two extremely funny people and created a style of comedy from absorbing their actions." He explains:

Reception
One reviewer noted that <mask> attracted a young, growing audience through colorful observations and high energy performances.Commentators in a variety of media sources have characterized <mask>'s humor as unfunny. Comedian Ron White has criticized <mask> for his lack of real material and for his inflated ego; saying "[He] does not make me laugh, at all, in any way, shape or form." When asked about his opinion of <mask> on The Howard Stern Show, comedian Nick DiPaolo said "he doesn't make me laugh, but that doesn't mean he's not funny." On Boston radio station WBCN, <mask> was named by radio show Toucher and Rich to a tournament of the top 16 "Worst Comedians" and, based on listener voting, was voted the "Worst Comedian" of all. In the Michigan Daily, Elie Zwiebel and co-author Jesse Bean wrote that "he's managed to become one of the most overrated comics ever" and that his act is "boringly stagnant". In an interview with Jason Tanamor of Zoiks! Online, Tanamor asked <mask> why he was so despised.<mask> stated that he'd had conversations with his therapist, attributing some of the negativity to his alpha demeanor. Add to that, <mask>'s highly successful career. "Unfortunately, what you find is, you know in your graduating class with the guys you came up with, there's going to be some dudes in front of you that don't want you catching up, and there's going to be some guys behind you that maybe they've never had an opportunity. That, coupled with, like you said, reaching the Billboard charts with 'Retaliation' and a lot of people going, 'Who the fuck does he think he is?' Jim Breuer talked about <mask>'s reputation within the comedy industry, saying: "Everyone kills this guy ... Not one comedian comes on [my Sirius radio show] and says 'I'm so happy for him', which is weird. ... They can't stand this poor guy."Breuer went on to say that he personally thinks <mask> is a "tremendous performer". Paul Provenza said that he was not a fan of his earlier work, but "...caught a couple of <mask> shows at the Laugh Factory in Los Angeles, and he was fantastic", and became a fan because he felt he had "matured". Accusations of plagiarism
Comedian Joe Rogan claimed that <mask> performed a bit on an episode of Premium Blend that Rogan had developed on I'm Gonna Be Dead Someday, and claimed to have performed the routine earlier in clubs with <mask> present. In 2010 Rogan had <mask> as a guest on his podcast, telling him that he was a "good dude" and that he was "...glad we put all that shit past and hung out...I think you are doing some awesome shit." <mask> replied: "That means the world hearing that from you, Joe ... You've got a lot of integrity and I've always had a lot of respect for you." There was also widespread Internet discussion regarding 3 bits from <mask>'s 2005 album Retaliation, and similar bits from comic Louis C.K. 's 2001 album Live in Houston.In 2011, <mask> played himself in an episode of Louie, scripted by C.K., centering on a fictional encounter between the two comics during which they discuss the controversy. In an interview in 2012, Louis C.K. defended <mask>, saying "I don't think he stole from me knowingly... I think he sort of got some of my jokes in his head and got sloppy. He's a good guy and not capable of maleficence." Tours

 Tourgasm 2005 (w/ Robert Kelly, Gary Gulman, Jay Davis)
 Dave Attell's Insomniac Tour 2006 (w/ Dave Attell, Greg Giraldo and Sean Rouse)
 Rough Around The Edges Tour 2007
 Globo Thermo Tour 2008 (w/ Robert Kelly and Al Del Bene)
 Isolated Incident 2009
 Under Oath 2013
 Tell It Like It Is Tour 2019

Personal life
<mask> has stated that he does not drink or take drugs. <mask>'s half-brother Darryl was his business manager until 2008, when it was discovered that Darryl and his wife had embezzled millions of dollars from <mask>.Both were convicted and sentenced to prison for the embezzlement. In 2017, <mask> began dating Kelsi Taylor, who is 26 years his junior. Discography

Albums

Other releases
 2006: <mask>'s Tourgasm (3DVD)
 2007: The Lost Pilots (DVD) Sony Pictures Television. Singles
 "I'll Never Be You" (2006)
 "Forward" (2007)
 "Drunk Girl/Red Car" (2010)

<mask> co-wrote and performed the song "Ruthie Pigface Draper" for the Dan In Real Life film with Norbert Leo Butz. <mask> provided guest vocals on the 2011 song In the Future by Steel Panther from their third studio album Balls Out. Filmography

References

External links

1972 births
Living people
20th-century American comedians
21st-century American comedians
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male voice actors
American people of Irish descent
American stand-up comedians
Male actors from Cambridge, Massachusetts
People from Arlington, Massachusetts
Comedians from Massachusetts
Arlington High School (Massachusetts) alumni

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<mask> (; born 1969) is an Israeli sculptor, video and installation artist. Biography
<mask> was born in 1969 in Jerusalem. She spent several years in the US and the UK. Between 1990 and 1995, she studied art at the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem. During this time, she spent one-semester as an exchange student at the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art in New York City. She currently lives and works in Israel. Art career

<mask> is a multi-disciplinary artist whose work includes drawing, sculpture, video and performance art, sometimes self-standing and sometimes forming whole environments.Her complex works touch on social, historical, political, and ecological issues, embracing topics such as homelessness, banishment, and the relationships between victim and
victimizer and between decay and growth. As much of her work is concerned with the human condition, the body (often her own) is a key motif and guide. Using salt, sugar, paper and ready-made objects, <mask> creates large-scale in site installations, which totally change the spaces she works in. One of <mask>'s best-known works is Salt Works, a series of salt sculptures created by immersing metal sculptural frames into the Dead Sea. Exhibitions

1990s
In 1994, <mask> showed in the group exhibition 'Tranzit' in the haunted spaces of floor 5, at the Tel Aviv Central Bus Station, and in Export Surplus, the Bugrashov Gallery's street show. Both shows were part of ArtFocus 1, and both early exhibitions dealt with nomadism and place, and deciphering the essence of these sites. In one, she inhabited a homeless shelter; in the other Landau created a castaway group show on the water breakers in front of Bugrashov beach.In 1995 she showed her work Iron Door Tent with Guy Bar Amoz at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. In 1996 <mask> exhibit at the 'Witte de With'. Following her Rotterdam experience, <mask> made and showed 'Resident Alien I' the following year in the Herzliya Museum, and after that in Documenta X and at the 47th Venice Biennale. She deformed the metal floor of the cargo containers using heat and intense hammering to look like a function as hills. <mask> represented Israel at the Venice Biennale in 1997 and again in 2011. She exhibited at Documenta X in 1997. In 1999 <mask> exhibited her work in the Chisenhale Gallery, London, and then at Spacex in Exeter.The following year, she won the first Times/ArtAngel Open commission: to transformed a concrete mixer into a music box, she had every intention of "living in it forever and traveling with the story performed with it in the streets…". 2000’s
In her 2001 New York City Exhibition, Sigalit turned the Thread Waxing space into a cotton candy crater, spinning the sweet fibers around herself and the audience, to the music of "Arab-Snow". Returning to Israel during the outburst of the Second Intifada, she worked with Haaretz newspaper front pages, transforming them each day into sculptures of fruit. Her outdoor drying area was the studio's roof, where she took her replete balls-crops-growths to dry. These balls were main part of her "The Country" Installation (2002) at the Alon Segev Gallery in Tel Aviv-Yafo. She opened "The Endless Solution" in 2004 at the Tel Aviv Museum. In "The Dining Hall" (2007) at Kunst-Werke Institute for Contemporary Art in Berlin, (Germany), She made a chain of installations dealing with private, communal, and public food, feeding and starving.Culminating in a monumental public sculpture of bloody doner kebabs, dedicated to the Turkish doner kebab carvers in the streets of Germany. In 2008 she exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art, New York, project 87. In 2008 her work Salt sails+Sugar knots was shown at Galerie Kamel Mennour, Paris. 2010s
In 2012 she showed her work Caryatid at The Negev Museum of Art, Beersheva, Israel. In 2015, the Museum of Contemporary Art of Barcelona featured a semi-retrospective of her work. In 2019 she showed her work Salt Years at the Museum der Moderne Salzburg. 2012 – Soil.Nur.sing, kamel mennour, Paris. 2013 – ‘The Ram in the Thicket’ Maison Hermes in Ginza, Tokyo. Curator: Reiko Setsuda
 2013 – ‘ZBIB EL-ARD’ Har-El Printers & Publishers, Jaffa. Curator: Matti Harel

Permanent collections
<mask>'s work is included in the collections of:
Museum of Modern Art, New York,
Centre Pompidou,
Magasin III, Stockholm
 Jewish Museum, New York
 Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art,
 Israel Museum,
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden,
 Pomeranz Collection,
 Tiroch DeLeon Collection,
 Tel Aviv Museum of Art.

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Sigalit Ethel Landau
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<mask>, MBE (born 31 October 1972) is an English retired rugby union player who played scrum half for Northampton Saints and then London Wasps. During his international career he toured with the British & Irish Lions three times and was part of England's 2003 Rugby World Cup winning side. He won 77 caps for his country in total, including nine as captain and was England's most capped scrum half until passed by Danny Care. <mask> was best known for his trademark 'sniping runs' and played the whistle well, often scoring tries from 'tap and go' penalties. When called upon, he could also demonstrate his versatility by kicking goals. Since retiring, <mask> has become a team captain on A Question of Sport besides appearing on various reality shows and is a commentator and presenter on BBC Radio 5 Live's rugby programme. <mask> currently works as a health ambassador for Sodexo, a global food and facilities provider.In early 2014, he was appointed as director for business development at the flexible workplace company, Instant. Rugby career

Club
<mask> joined Northampton in 1991 after leaving school and was among the last generation of players to have started their careers during the amateur era. Before rugby union became openly professional in 1995 he worked as a security guard and coached at Spratton Hall School. He formed a successful half-back partnership with Paul Grayson, winning the 2000 Heineken Cup (though he missed the final through injury) and finishing runner-up in the Anglo-Welsh Cup three times. In the club's 130th anniversary poll he and Grayson were voted by fans into the all-time dream XV. In 2004, <mask> moved from Northampton to London Wasps after his contract was not renewed and won the Premiership title in his first season. On 7 April 2006, <mask> announced that he would be retiring from rugby completely at the end of the season and on 14 May 2006, he played his last game of Premiership rugby, when Sale denied Wasps their chance of winning the Premiership title four years in a row and so equalling Leicester's record.International
In 1993, <mask> was a member of the England Sevens team which won the inaugural Sevens World Cup in Scotland. <mask> and competition teammate Lawrence Dallaglio are therefore the only players to have won the World Cup at both the 15- and 7-a-side games. <mask> made his international debut for England in December 1995, against Western Samoa, but would have to fight with Andy Gomarsall, Austin Healey but mostly Kyran Bracken for the England number 9 shirt. <mask> went on the 1997 British Lions tour to South Africa as third-choice scrum half behind Rob Howley and Austin Healey but injury to Howley and some good performances saw him make the starting line-up. In the first test with ten minutes to go, <mask> broke from the base of a scrum and threw an overhead dummy that checked the four Springboks allowing him to scamper in for the winning try. That victory was the start of a 2–1 series win, clinched when he fed Jeremy Guscott for the series-winning drop goal. <mask> captained England for the first time when he was chosen as captain for the infamous 1998 "tour from hell" in the absence of more experienced internationals.Despite the disastrous results he would go on to establish himself in the starting XV. He became first-choice scrum half at the 1999 Rugby World Cup after Bracken's withdrawal due to injury and scored England's first try of the competition just eight minutes into the opening match, a 67–7 win, against Italy. He was captain in the 2000 Six Nations and often in the absence of Martin Johnson. In the 2001 British & Irish Lions tour to Australia, <mask> went as second-choice scrum half behind Howley. Howley played in the first two tests but was injured for the third, where <mask> played. Controversially however, <mask> was one of the mid-week side opposed to the training regime of coach Graham Henry and publicly criticised him, although this did not cause as much stir as Healey's similar comments. He and Healey avoided being sent home but were fined by the disciplinary committee.Later in the week he redeemed himself by converting Healey's try during extra time to win a closely tied match against the Brumbies. <mask>'s career nearly ended after sustaining a neck injury during the record 53–3 win against South Africa in November 2002, when he was headbutted by Springbok skipper Corné Krige. He became an integral part of the England side, winning his 50th cap against Ireland on the same day England won the 2003 Six Nations Grand Slam. That same year he was a crucial part of the team that won the World Cup. He played a vital role in winning the final tie against Australia in Sydney on 22 November 2003. With less than a minute remaining in extra time he made a completely unexpected break gaining a vital 20 metres upfield. From the later ruck he fed the ball to Jonny Wilkinson for the winning drop goal.In the autumn of 2004, he failed to turn up to an England training camp due to a previously arranged commitment to appear on A Question of Sport, resulting in him being dropped from the England squad for the 2004 Autumn internationals. A return to the 2005 Six Nations was expected and <mask> rejoined the Elite Player Squad for the tournament, playing well enough to earn a place on the 2005 British Lions tour to New Zealand, managed by Sir Clive Woodward. <mask> returned to the England fold in 2005 but had limited opportunities in a disappointing Six Nations campaign as Harry Ellis started at number nine for four of the five matches. Media career
In 2004 <mask> joined the long-running BBC TV quiz show A Question of Sport, featuring as a regular team captain opposite Ally McCoist and subsequently, Phil Tufnell. In September 2006 he appeared in BBC One's Celebrity MasterChef programme, beating Roger Black and Hardeep Singh Kohli, to win the final. He took part in Strictly Come Dancing in 2006, partnered by Lilia Kopylova. Although appearing initially to be an unlikely contender, he came second, only beaten in the final by cricketer Mark Ramprakash.He later returned to the show in 2008 to dance with Elaine Paige in Sport Relief does Strictly Come Dancing to raise money for Sport Relief, where they came second. In January 2007 it was announced that <mask> would be joining BBC Radio Five Live as summariser for the commentary on England's forthcoming Six Nations Championship games. He went on to cover the 2007 Rugby World Cup for the BBC. He also presents 5-Live's weekly Rugby show. He was recently on an edition of www.888.com TV poker special where he finished second. In 2008 <mask> co-hosted Mitch and <mask>'s Big Fish, a seafood lovers tour of the British coast, in which he and Mitch Tonks tasted and cooked a variety of fish dishes using the catch of the British fishing ports. In 2010 <mask> hosted Monster Munchies for Good Food, where he challenged two teams to make a monster sized local delicacy in 24 hours, which were unveiled at a local show and were judged on size, presentation and taste.The size they were aiming for was that of a small car. Charitable work
<mask> is the 2013 President of children's medical research charity Sparks, whose mission is to ensure that all babies are born healthy and stay healthy. <mask> attended their 2012 Winter Ball along with other supporters of the charity such as Lady Gabriella Windsor, who was in attendance in place of her mother, Sparks Royal Patron, Princess Michael of Kent. In 2015, he fronted a cycle ride for the charity from the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff to Twickenham in London, 150 mile in one day. He is an Honorary President of the rugby charity Wooden Spoon improving the lives of disadvantaged children and young people in Britain and Ireland. He posed nude in the women's magazine Cosmopolitan in support of the testicular and prostate cancer charity Everyman. <mask> has been supporting the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) since 2004, and became a UNICEF UK ambassador in 2009.In June 2009, he took time out while broadcasting for the Lions tour in South Africa to visit UNICEF programmes focusing on education, shelter and HIV/AIDS. He completed the 2007 London Marathon for charity, in 4 hours 35 minutes and 39 seconds. Patron of The National Hospital Development Foundation (NHDF)
Patron of Beating Bowel Cancer – a leading UK charity for bowel cancer patients, working to raise awareness of symptoms, promote early diagnosis and encourage open access to treatment choice for those affected by bowel cancer. Personal life
Born in Birkenhead, <mask> was raised in Buckinghamshire and attended the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe after passing the 12-plus (Buckinghamshire students at the time took the exam a year later). While in school he excelled in cricket and football before deciding to concentrate on rugby. He was married to German-born former model, Carolin Hauskeller, and the couple have two sons. <mask> announced their separation via social media on 21 September 2020.<mask> is a supporter of Everton F.C. In 2012, on the CBBC series 12 Again <mask> revealed at age twelve he played an extra in the video to Culture Club's song The War Song in 1984 dressed up as a skeleton. In 2016, <mask> revealed how his family went through "two weeks of hell" as his two-year-old son battled meningitis W135. In 2017, <mask> joined forces with The Big Tick Project, which looks to raise awareness about the dangers of ticks and tick-borne disease in the UK after revealing he had contracted Lyme disease. He was bitten by a tick in a London park early the previous year. See also
 List of top English points scorers and try scorers

References

External links
Premiership Profile
 Profile & Statistics on ESPN Scrum
 Sporting heroes 1 2 3

1972 births
Living people
British & Irish Lions rugby union players from England
England international rugby sevens players
England international rugby union players
English rugby union players
Male rugby sevens players
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Northampton Saints players
People educated at the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe
Reality cooking competition winners
Rugby union players from Birkenhead
Rugby union scrum-halves
Wasps RFC players

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is a Japanese artist, composer, and performer who played a key role in the development of Fluxus. A co-founder of the seminal postwar Japanese experimental music collective Group Ongaku, she is known for her investigations of the nature and limits of sound, music, and auditory experiences. Her work has been widely circulated as Fluxus editions, featured in concert halls, museums, galleries, and non-traditional spaces, and re-performed by other musicians and artists numerous times. She is best known for her work of the 1960s and early 1970s, especially Spatial Poem, Water Music, Endless Box, and the various instructions in Events & Games, all of which were produced as Fluxus editions. Now in her eighties, she continues to produce new work. Biography

Early Training and Group Ongaku
<mask> was born in Okayama, Japan. She began music lessons as a child and studied music at Tokyo University of the Arts in 1957 under composers Yoshio Hasegawa and Minao Shibata, graduating in 1961.In 1960, while still a student, she co-founded Group Ongaku (Group Music) to explore improvisation and action. Members of this collective included Takehisa Kosugi, Shukou Mizuno, Mikio Tojima, and Gen’ichi Tsuge, with Yasunao Tone joining later. <mask> returned to Okayama in March 1962 after completing her Bachelor's degree and a year of graduate study at the Tokyo University of the Arts. In a solo performance at the Okayama Cultural Center she performed her own new compositions alongside those of American composers John Cage and Morton Feldman. Between 1963 and 1964 she began to compose what she termed "action poems," eliminating musical notation from the score entirely in favor of verbal instructions to be interpreted by the performer. Fluxus Life in New York
Several incidents connected Shiomi to Fluxus, leading George Maciunas to invite her to New York in 1964. Art historian Midori Yoshimoto explains that both Toshi Ichiyanagi and Yoko Ōno had mentioned Shiomi's work to Maciunas, and art historian Colby Chamberlain notes that a card in Maciunas' file records a recommendation of Shiomi from Toshi Ichiyanagi by letter, written after she performed in his concert at the Sogetsu Art Center, on January of 1962.<mask> further explains that while working on the action poems Mirror Piece and Endless Box in 1963, she made a trip to Tokyo where she was introduced to Nam June Paik by a mutual friend. Upon showing Paik her action poems, he promised to send her work to George Maciunas who was apparently so enamored of the work that he had it turned into the edition that funded her flight to New York. From 1964 to 1965, <mask> lived in New York City, working closely with George Maciunas and contributing to Fluxus events, editions, and communal life. <mask> and Shigeko Kubota had flown over together on the same flight, and both initially lived near Maciunas's loft in Soho. As a result, <mask> worked closely with Maciunas, Kubota, and Takako Saito, hosting communal fluxus dinners whose labor primarily ended up falling to the women, and producing Fluxus editions in the evenings until Kubota and <mask> took up part-time evening work. After her arrival in New York, Maciunas continued to incorporated many of her works, such Water Music (1965) and Disappearing Music for Face (1965), into Fluxus editions. His enthusiasm for incorporating her work into Fluxus editions secured her place as a seminal member of the loose collective, and has led many artists and musicians—both in and beyond Fluxus—to perform her work at both impromptu events and formal concerts.While based in New York, <mask> participated in several live performances, including the Perpetual Fluxfest at Washington Square Gallery in 1964 where she performed six pieces—Double Windows, Direction Event, Air Event, Passing Music, Water Music, and Disappearing Music for Face—which all incorporated audience participation, expanding the role of "performer" within her work. While living among other New York-based Fluxus artists, she also came to more actively re-conceive of the boundaries of performance beyond formal events. Upon her arrival, Maciunas had secured temporary living arrangements for Kubota and her and helped them move extra furniture from his loft to theirs in what Maciunas jokingly referred to as a "carrying event." Of her experience in New York, she described it as a time in which she, "looked at various things in her daily life from different viewpoints and transformed them into nondaily actions (performance), and made a feedback of these actions into my daily life again." Late 1960s
She returned to Japan in 1965 when she could no longer extend her tourist visa, but continued her relationship with Fluxus artists through mail art correspondence. She began her Spatial Poem series while still in New York. <mask> solicited Fluxus members from all over the globe to participate by inviting them to respond to an instruction and the collected responses constituted the work.The nine Spatial Poems were published together in a booklet in 1975. From 1965 to 1970 <mask> <mask> lived in Tokyo and taught piano. Sometime between 1967 and '69 she changed her given name from Chieko to <mask> in accordance with Japanese onomancy (seimei handan), a shift reflected in some of the Fluxus editions from the late 1960s and early 1970s. Upon her return to Japan, <mask> reconnected with members of the Japanese avant-garde, and remained active in the Tokyo art and music scene until her marriage in 1970. Her activities were particularly important for the development of the genre of intermedia in the late 1960s, as evidenced by her participation in key intermedia events including From Space to Environment and Cross Talk/Intermedia. 1970s to Today
Upon her marriage in 1970, however, <mask>'s ability to travel regularly for rehearsals and performances was severely limited. She shifted her activities to what she could accomplish from her base of operations in Minoo, Osaka, completing much of the Spatial Poem series between 1970 and 1975.Music historian Miki Kaneda has described <mask>'s strategy of this time as a covertly feminist one, aimed at appropriating domestic technologies, such as the postal system, and adapting them toward her performative ends rather than breaking the constricting structures of the patriarchial order that chained her to the home. In Kaneda's words, "<mask>’s Spatial Poems are a ‘submission to the inconvenience of the situation’, but also a performative intervention into the ‘distribution of the sensible’ of her immediate surroundings." After 1977, she returned to work on her own compositions but continued her links with Fluxus, including organizing the Fluxus Media Opera in Kobe in 1995 and participating in events and exhibitions that re-examined the legacies of Fluxus in the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s. Once her children reached adulthood in the 1990s, she has become more active, starting with a Fluxus Balance mail art collaboration series initiated in the early 1990s. She has also experimented more with electronic technology since the 1990s, most notably dealing with telephones and computer synthesized voices in the series of Fluxus Media Operas she produced from 1992-2001. <mask> remains active, performing both older works and developing new artworks and performances, including collaborations. She currently lives and works in Minoo, Osaka.Artistic Development

Group Ongaku
Group Ongaku formed in 1961 around a desire to reorient their attention toward improvisational elements that they felt had been lost in modern Western music, and "rediscover the meaning of music, which they thought had been minimized." Toward this end, Group Ongaku hosted performances by artists including John Cage, La Monte Young and George Brecht, and explored the possibilities of objets sonore or sound objects, a key element of Musique concrète. They pursued sounds that would stretch the meanings of both music and auditory experiences. Such non-musical sounds included a vacuum cleaner, radio, and kitchenware as well as experiments with magnetic audiotape. According to the artist:This explosion of activity [of Group Ongaku] was characteristic of our insatiable desire for new sound materials and new definitions (redefinition) of music itself. Every week we discovered some new technique [or] method for playing a previously unthought-of 'objet sonor,' and argue endlessly about how to extend its use, and what relationships of sound structure could be created between each performer. We experimented with the various components of every instrument we could think of, like using the inner action and frame of the piano, or using vocal and breathing sounds, creating sounds from the (usually unplayable) wooden parts of instruments, and every conceivable device of bowing and pizzicato on stringed instruments.At times we even turned our hands to making music with ordinary objects like tables and chairs, ash trays and a bunch of keys.During this time <mask> was increasingly drawn to experiences that shifted attention away from the intentionality of "playing" instruments, and toward an awareness of the act of listening. Her 1961 compositions Mobile I, II, III extended performance off the stage and even outside of the performance hall, with performers positioned behind the stage curtain and even in the lobby. This strategy was intended to draw attention to the spatial aspects of sound, inciting audiences to understand the constructed environment and thereby "destroy the hierarchical representation of a musically privileged space." In a related vein, it was during this time that <mask> had

masks:
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 the revelation, while playing with keys during an improvisation session, that her focus had shifted from finding ways to produce sounds to experimenting with actions that produced sound incidentally. This was the line of investigation she took up upon Group Ongaku's dissolution in 1961. Action Poems
In 1962 <mask> returned to her family home in Okayama, and found herself working in a different manner. Art historian Sally Kawamura states that <mask> was inspired by her rural surroundings to compose works that could be performed in non-traditional settings including the out-of-doors.She began working on instructional pieces, composed of words invoking actions, which she termed "action poems." This approach grew out of her increasing doubt about the real nature of music, and her growing belief that its essence did not reside in sound waves per se, but rather in sensations of time that could include physical actions. While many of her "action poems" consisted of written imperatives, she also began making objects that visually and physically invoked action. Examples of these early "action poems" include Boundary Music, which instructed performers to "make the faintest possible sounds of a boundary condition," and Endless Box, a series of nested paper boxes <mask> described as "a visual diminuendo" that performers could un-nest and manipulate. In 1963 <mask> was introduced to George Brecht's event scores through Yoko Ōno and Ichiyanagi Toshi, and she recognized her work fell into a similar vein, thus she began referring to these works as "events." By the time she took up correspondence about her instructional scores with Maciunas, the name "event" stuck. Thus one of the first Fluxus editions of <mask>'s work published by Maciunas (with help from Takako Saito) was Events and Games of 1964: a box containing double-sided cards with <mask>'s instructional scores in English on one side and Japanese on the other.Water Music
Although created in 1964 just before she went to New York, it was first performed during her time there, and exemplifies <mask>'s increased focus on audience participation as well as her new awareness of everyday actions as potential performances. The basic instructions read:1. Give the water still form. 2. Let the water lose its still form.After she performed the instructions privately with Maciunas in the form of offering and accepting cups of water to drink, Maciunas made an editioned series of printed bottles out of the instructions. It was performed using these bottles, which <mask> passed around to audience members asking them to carry out instruction 2, at the Perpetual Fluxfest in New York in late 1964. She performed it again for Flux Week in September 1965, at Gallery Crystal in Tokyo.In the Tokyo version she interpreted the instructions in several ways, including drawing up water from a kiddie pool using syringes and other tools, and dripping water onto a glue-covered record. In the case of the record, which was rotating on a turntable, the act of dripping the glue dissolved it to reveal the record and gradually allow portions of the record to play. She again performed the work in 1992 at Xebec in Kobe, hitting the surface of water in several basins with upside-down cups. <mask>'s own variable interpretations of the instructions gesture toward the openness of the instructions, which many other performers have taken up in the interim. Sally Kawamura argues that the strategy used in Water Music, which changes the participant/performer's attention to everyday experiences from a utilitarian perspective to a playful one, helps enliven everyday experiences beyond the performance. Kawamura sees this as an anti-consumerist gesture that places value on exploring and enjoying one's given environment as experience rather than focusing on production and consumption. <mask> herself now sees the bottled version of Water Music as an exemplary instance of her concept of "transmedia," which she describes an artwork "continu[ing] its creative evolution by transferring from one medium to the next."Spatial Poem
<mask> launched what would become her best known and most ambitious work just before leaving New York in July 1965 by sending out instructions to a list of addresses George Maciunas kept on file of Fluxus-friendly individuals. Unlike most mail art at the time, what she sent out was not a work that others would simply receive, but rather a set of instructions to which she was soliciting responses. Through this simple conceit, <mask> created performances that spanned geographic distance and time, addressing her growing concern with the privileging of traditional event dynamics that require everyone to simultaneously meet in the same architecturally delineated space. The full series of Spatial Poem events are as follows (invitation texts can be seen on the MoMA's archives page):Spatial Poem No. 1 (Word Event), 1965

Spatial Poem No. 2 (Direction Event), October 15-16, 1965

Spatial Poem No. 3 (Falling Event), until August 31, 1966

Spatial Poem No.4 (Shadow Event), December 11-31, 1971

Spatial Poem No. 5 (Open Event), July 15, August 5, 1972

Spatial Poem No. 6 (Orbit Event), May 3-23, 1973

Spatial Poem No. 7 (Sound Event), March 5-6, 1974

Spatial Poem No. 8 (Wind Event), October 7-27, 1974

Spatial Poem No. 9 (Disappearing Event), June 2-July 22, 1975The first four events were turned into Fluxus edition objects, namely a map with pins of responses for Word Event, an offset-printed graphic map of responses indicating directions and locations for Direction Event, a calendar from which pages could be ripped for Falling Event, and a microfilm with plastic viewer for Shadow Event. The full final set of responses were compiled by <mask> into an editioned book in 1976, allowing a retrospective overview of the sets of events that comprised the Spatial Poem performances.Art historian Jessica Lynne Santone sees Spatial Poem primarily as a window into Fluxus' networked community, serving "as an illustration of the process of community in formation, an event that is a function of the circulation of performance and document." Art historian Kristine Styles takes this a step further in claiming the work is a quintessentially Fluxus performance, creating "a sort of metaphysics of the dynamics of social exchange and human action that extends from the infra to the supra—from the personal to the political, from the regional to the international.” Music historian Miki Kaneda however, takes a cue from art historian Midori Yoshimoto's assertion that the work responded to the specific situation—a mother of two young children—Shiomi found herself in in the early 1970s. Kaneda focuses on how Spatial Poem allowed Shiomi to remain active in Fluxus networks even after marrying and having to run a household in Osaka. Kaneda focuses on how Shiomi uses the technologies and media at hand for a busy housewife and mother outside of the art centers to redefine the parameters of performance, creating the possibility of domestic performances so as to allow her everyday experiences to serve as a continuation of her investigations into sound. Technological Interests
<mask> was already experimenting with electronic media in the 1960s, using a theremin-like electric-wave instrument for her contribution to Ichiyanagi Toshi's 1961 performance at Sōgetsu Art Center, and employing electronic synthesizers in performances for the Intermedia festival she co-organized and the Cross Talk/Intermedia event, both in early 1969. Yet in the 1960s these uses of electronic technologies were intended more as a means of exploring the gaps between different media or bridging across traditionally distinct media, as signaled by her use of Dick Higgin's term "intermedia," rather than explicit content in her work. In the Fluxus Media Operas of the 1990s, she set narrative instructions against conflicting music triggered by electronic sensors, playing with the intelligibility of a voices in a performance using international phone calls and electronic synthesizers, or commissioning a text for performers to respond to that indicted the computer-synthesized voice.Select Artworks
<mask> <mask> composes events with music and environmental action. Selected works include:
Mirror, 1963
Boundary Music, 1963
Event for the Midday in the Sunlight, 1963
Endless Box, 1963–64
Events and Games, 1964
Shadow Piece II, 1964
Air Event, 1964
Water Music, 1964
Disappearing Music for Face, flipbook, 1965
Disappearing Music for Face, 1966 (Film, 16mm black and white, 11:41)
Compound View no. 1, 1966
Spatial Poems no. 1-no. 9, 1965-1975
Flying Poem no. 2, 1989
Balance Poem no. 1-no.Gaze. Power. A Cultural History of the Bath, Staatliche Kunsthalle Baden-Baden, Germany, 2020

Humor Has It, Nam June Paik Art Center, Gyeongju, South Korea, 2021

Select Solo and Two-Person Exhibitions
Fluxus Balance & Balance Poems, Galerie J & J Donguy, Paris, 1995

Collagen und Multiples, Galerie & Edition Hundertmark, Cologne, 1998

New Works of Visual Poetry, Xebec Hall, Kobe, 2004

An Exhibition – An Event  [Une exposition – un événement), Jeu de Paume, Paris, 2013

Mieko <mask> & Fluxus, The National Museum of Art, Osaka, 2013

<mask> <mask> & Takuma Uematsu: Exploring The Stars, Yumiko Chiba Associates, Tokyo, 2019

Discography
Her work has been recorded and issued on cassettes and CDs, including:
 Requiem for George Maciunas (1990)
 An Incidental Story On The Day Of A Solar Eclipse #1#2#3  (1998, Edition Hundertmark)
 Fluxus Suite (A Musical Dictionary Of 80 People Around Fluxus) (2002, ? Records)
 Satoko Plays <mask> <mask>—Fractal Freaks (2005,

masks: Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Shiomi Mieko Shiomi Shiomi Mieko Shiomi Mieko Shiomi


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<mask> (7 October 1945 – 10 September 2019) was a West Australian author, poet, lecturer, journalist, editor, and lawyer. Biography
Colebatch was the son and biographer of Australian politician Sir <mask> (1872 – 1953). His mother Marion, Lady <mask>, was the daughter of long-time Fremantle mayor and parliamentarian Sir Frank Gibson, and had served as an Australian Army nursing sister. He graduated BA Hons and MA in History/Politics and PhD in Political Science from the University of Western Australia. He later attained degrees in law and jurisprudence. Colebatch nominated as a candidate in the 1977 and 1993 state elections for the seat of Perth as the Liberal candidate, and although he was not elected to the Legislative Assembly on either occasion, on the second attempt he came within 0.12% of winning the seat from the Australian Labor Party, which had held it since 1968. <mask>. P<mask> is not to be confused with author Dr <mask><mask> who was born in 1944 and has taught political science at several universities.Writing
Colebatch's work includes eight volumes of poetry (starting with Spectators on the Shore in 1975), and a series of 18 science-fiction stories published in the US in the Larry Niven series The Man-Kzin Wars. Man-Kzin Wars XII, containing three more stories by Colebatch (two written in collaboration with M. J. Harrington) was published in February 2009. He also published works of political, social, legal and economic commentary. He was described in Penguin's "A New Literary History of Australia" published in 1988, as having had "a quiet but steady career" in Australian poetry at that time. He was a regular contributor to publications including Quadrant and his 1999 book Blair's Britain was chosen in The Spectator (London) as a Book of the Year. He also contributed to The American Spectator Online, wrote op-ed articles for The Australian and occasional pieces for other publications including The Australian Financial Review, IPA Review The Salisbury Review and The New Criterion. He also wrote regular book-reviews and other features for The West Australian and The Record in Perth.His Return of the Heroes is a study of heroic fantasy including The Lord of the Rings, Star Wars and Harry Potter, and he contributed several articles to the J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopaedia; Scholarship and Critical Assessment. He wrote biographies of Sir Victor Garland and the late Sir Stanley Argyle. Colebatch also edited many books, including Lucky Ross, written by John Ross, an Australian Navy officer who was transferred out of HMAS Sydney 19 days before it was sunk with all hands in November 1941. He wrote commissioned histories of the Parents' and Friends Association and The Victoria League in Western Australia. He had two novels published by Acashic— Counterstrike, set in Western Australia in the near future, and Time Machine Troopers, a sequel to H. G. Wells's The Time Machine, set in 802,719 and featuring Wells himself, Winston Churchill and Lord Robert Baden-Powell as characters. Counterstrike has been described in The American Spectator Online and the Perth "Record" as a "thriller of ideas, one of the first books to grapple with the problems of false and manufactured counter-knowledge." (9 July 2011) Time Machine Troopers has been described as "better than Wells" and "a subversion of Wells".In 2011 Picaro Press published his small "chapbook" of poetry, The Age of Revolution, No. 113 in its Wagtail Poets series. Poetry
Many of his poems concern Perth and its suburbs, the Swan River and Rottnest Island, as well as travels in Britain, Asia, the Middle East and elsewhere. His poetry, which has won various prizes, is in both free-verse and highly structured forms including sonnets and sestinas. Colebatch was described by Peter Alexander, Professor of English at the University of New South Wales, in his biography of Les Murray, as being among Australia's best writers. His seventh book of poetry, The Light River, with a foreword by Les Murray, was published by Connor Court Publishing in 2007. In the foreword Murray stated that Colebatch's work had been unjustly suppressed by the Australian literary establishment because of his refusal to join poetic cliques.This book contains, among other works, the long narrative poem The San Demetrio, telling of the salvaging of a burning petrol-tanker at sea in World War II, and a poem It, on the return of terrorism. The long poem Red-Head with Phosphorus is a romantic love story. His poems are included in about 25 anthologies. The Light River was awarded the West Australian Premier's literary prize for poetry in 2008. Other activities
When working as a reporter on The West Australian in the early 1970s, Colebatch made several trips to the Kimberley to report on the construction and filling of the Ord River Dam and associated animal rescues with naturalist Harry Butler, a long-time friend. He was also involved in exploring several kilometres of extensions to Easter Cave in the south-west of Western Australia. Many scenes in Man-Kzin Wars X: The Wunder War, and subsequent volumes, are set in caves and caverns, reflecting his knowledge of the subject.Hobbies included sailing, war-gaming and underwater photography, especially at the reefs around Rottnest Island. He spent much of 1973, 1983–84 and 1997–98 in Britain, the Middle East and Europe. He also worked for the Australian Institute for Public Policy, the "dry" think-tank established by John Hyde, former MHR for Moore; and engineering tycoon Harold Clough; Debrett's publications (as managing editor) and on the staff of two federal ministers – the Hon. Sir Victor Garland and Senator the Hon. Chris Ellison. He ran his own law practice after completing articles with Stone James in Perth. Colebatch tutored in creative writing at Curtin University, political science at the University of Western Australia, torts and contract law at Curtin University, and lectured in international law at Edith Cowan University and University of Notre Dame Australia.He was also a co-author of a book on traffic law in Western Australia, published in 2007 with Barrister Patrick Mugliston and former police sergeant Stewart Ainsworth. He had a volume of short stories accepted for publication by Acashic, and wrote a short film, Fiddler's Green. His book Australia's Secret War won the 2014 Prime Minister's Literary Award for history, attracting significant controversy due to accusations of political bias. Among the judges for the award were Gerard Henderson and Peter Coleman. The book details strikes and purported sabotage by left-wing unions during World War II, although many of his examples were criticised for inaccuracy or for relying on unsubstantiated statements by individual servicemen. Death

Colebatch died unexpectedly in September 2019 during a stay in a Perth hospital. Bibliography

Fiction
 "The Colonel's Tiger" in Man-Kzin Wars VII, Baen, 1995.Man-Kzin Wars No. X: The Wunder War, Baen, 2003. Counterstrike, Acashic, 2011. Time Machine Troopers, Acashic, 2011. Poetry
Collections
 The Light River, Connor Court, 2007. List of poems

Non-fiction
 Claude de Bernales: The Magnificent Miner: A Biography, Carlisle, W.A. : Hesperian Press, 1996.Steadfast Knight: A Life of Sir <mask>ch  with a foreword by Geoffrey Blainey. Fremantle, W.A. : Fremantle Arts Centre Press, 2004. (biography of his father)
 Return of the Heroes : The Lord of the Rings, Star Wars, Harry Potter, and Social Conflict, Cybereditions Corporation, 2003. Good work and friendship : the Victoria League for Commonwealth Friendship in Western Australia 1909-2009,Victoria League, 2010. The Modest Member, the official biography of Bert Kelly MHR, Connor Court Publishing, 2012
 Australia’s Secret War: How Unionists Sabotaged Our Troops in World War II, Quadrant Books, 2013. Fragile Flame : The Uniqueness and Vulnerability of Scientific and Technological Civilization, Acashic, 2013
 Caverns of Magic (Cybereditions, 2006), a survey of caves in myth, legend and story, and of the development of speleology, with a foreword by naturalist and conservationist Harry Butler
 Blair's Britain:  British Culture Wars and New Labour was chosen as a Book of the Year by the London Spectator.Book reviews

References

External links

Further reading
 Tony Thomas, "<mask>ch", Quadrant, October 2013, pp. 59–63. 1945 births
Australian anti-communists
Australian biographers
Male biographers
Australian lawyers
Australian science fiction writers
Australian people of English descent
People educated at Christ Church Grammar School
Writers from Perth, Western Australia
Journalists from Western Australia
Quadrant (magazine) people
Australian male novelists
2019 deaths
Australian monarchists
Historians from Western Australia

masks:
Hal Gibson Pateshall Colebatch
Hal Colebatch
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Nurkurniati Aisyah Dewi (born 4 March 1970 in Jakarta, Indonesia), better known as Nia <mask>, is an Indonesian film director. Her movies are known for tackling subjects controversial or "risky" in Indonesia such as homosexuality, migrant workers, and polygamy. <mask> began her film career directing video clips and commercials in the mid-1990s until directing the made-for-television Mencari Pelangi in 1998. Three years later, she directed her first feature film, Ca-bau-kan, after founding her own production house. The next film she directed, 2003's Arisan!, was critically acclaimed and one of her most successful works. Her third directorial effort, 2006's Berbagi Suami, was controversial yet successful. Dinata has faced heavy censorship and controversy in Indonesia because of the subjects she covers.However, she has also won critical acclaim internationally, being called Indonesia's "most talented new filmmaker" in 2006. Two of the films she direct have been submitted to the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Biography
<mask> was born Nurkurniati Aisyah Dewi in Jakarta on 4 March 1970. As a child, <mask> watched movies weekly. After finishing high school, she received a bachelor's degree in mass communications from Elizabethtown College in Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, where she became interested in cinematography. She then took a filmmaking course at New York University. After returning to Indonesia, she took her first job as an apprentice reporter for Seputar Indonesia.She later began directing video clips and commercials with Iguana Productions in the mid-1990s, studying the techniques on her own. <mask> made her directorial debut with the 1998 made-for-television film Mencari Pelangi (Looking for the Rainbow), which won two national awards. She then started her own production company, Kalyana Shira Film, around 1999. Her first feature film, Ca-bau-kan, was produced by Kalyana Shira and dealt with the trials and tribulations of Chinese Indonesians in pre-independence Indonesia. After being trimmed from its original running time of 160 minutes to 124 minutes for commercial viability, the film—adapted from the novel by Remy Sylado—was critically panned; <mask> herself was satisfied, saying it was "as good as it could be for that short running time". She produced Sekar Ayu Asmara's debut, Biola Tak Berdawai, the following year. The next film she directed, 2003's Arisan!(The Gathering), had gay themes and was produced on a small budget. It is considered one of her more commercially successful films, being seen by over 500,000 people, and the first Indonesian film dealing with homosexuality. Its success surprised her, as most of the commercially successful films at the time were horrors and children's films. After the success of Arisan!, Dinata was able to find more sponsors for her movies. In 2004, she was invited to join the Cannes Young Directors Program, and the following year she produced Joko Anwar's directorial debut Janji Joni (Joni's Promise). Another film she directed, 2006's Berbagi Suami (Love for Share), about polygamy in Indonesia, was based on her personal experiences when her father took a second wife. In 2007, Dinata produced Quickie Express, described in the press as a sex comedy but by Dinata herself as a "love story with social content".This was followed by the short-film collection Perempuan Punya Cerita (Chants of Lotus), which featured one directed by her, Gara-Gara Bola (Soccer Riot), which she produced, and the documentary Pertaruhan (At Stake). In 2009, Dinata and the Kalyana Shira Foundation she runs started the Indonesian International Children's Film Festival. The festival showcases both local and international children's films and involves children in all aspects of the festival. , it has been run three times. , Dinata is producing a sequel to Arisan!. Filming was expected to begin in May, with the release scheduled for 1 December 2011, eight years after the first instalment. In 2011 <mask> also collaborated with Ucu Agustin on Batik: Our Love Story, a documentary on the traditional textile batik.<mask> directed, while Ucu served as screenwriter. Controversy
<mask>'s works, dealing with issues that are often at odds with the social values of the Muslim-majority Indonesia, have been controversial. After the success of Arisan!, she began receiving hate mail that accused her of promoting homosexuality and said that she was going to hell. During the promotional tour for Berbagi Suami, she was accosted by a male audience in Makassar, who disagreed with the perceived anti-polygamy message in the film and stated that she had clearly not researched Islam's views on the practice. Another film she produced, Long Road to Heaven, was banned in Bali for a time for its depiction of the 2002 Bali bombings. Despite the controversies arising from her works, <mask> has stated that she will never practice self-censorship. Although the versions of her works released in theatres and on DVD are censored (the censorship being her "biggest challenge"), Dinata holds onto the original cuts for special viewings.Having dealt with censorship since the beginning of her career and fighting against it in the Constitutional Court of Indonesia in 2007, <mask> continues to argue against laws permitting film censorship. Style
Dinata focuses on the "little people" and her films are often social commentaries. She also includes a female perspective of gender issues in her works. She considers herself an independent filmmaker, and values feature-length films over television shows and commercials. Jane Perlez, writing for The New York Times, has noted that <mask> is "more art house than Hollywood", showing fearlessness in addressing pressing Indonesian social issues. Although she enjoys watching teen movies like Clueless and Cruel Intentions, she does not intend to direct any as "wouldn't have the passion". Awards and recognition

Perlez described <mask> as Indonesia's "most talented new filmmaker" in 2006.Two of the films she directed (Ca-bau-kan and Berbagi Suami) and one she produced (Biola Tak Berdawai) were submitted for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. 2004 Citra Award for Best Film for Arisan! 2004 MTV Indonesia Movie Awards for "Best Director" for Arisan! 2006 Hawaii International Film Festival for Best Feature Love for Share

Awards and nominations

Personal life
She is married to a computer engineer  and has two children. She also enjoys watching movies and is a fan of Woody Allen. Filmography
As director
Ca-bau-kan (The Courtesan; 2002)
Arisan! (The Gathering; 2003)
Berbagi Suami (Love for Share; 2006)
Perempuan Punya Cerita (Chants of Lotus) (2008)
Arisan!2 (The Gathering 2; 2011)
Ini Kisah Tiga Dara (Three Sassy Sisters; 2016)
A World Without (2021)

As writer
Arisan! (The Gathering; 2003)
Berbagi Suami (Love for Share; 2006)
Meraih Mimpi (Chasing Dreams; 2009; an adaptation of Sing to the Dawn)
Arisan! 2 (The Gathering 2; 2011)

As producer
Ca-bau-kan (The Courtesan; 2002)
Biola Tak Berdawai (The Stringless Violin; 2003)
Janji Joni (Joni's Promise; 2005)
Quickie Express (2007)
Long Road to Heaven (2007)
Perempuan Punya Cerita (Chants of Lotus) (2008)
Pertaruhan (At Stake) (2008)
Tanah Mama (Mother's Land) (2015)

References
Footnotes

Bibliography

External links

Indonesian film directors
Indonesian women film directors
People from Jakarta
1970 births
Living people
Indonesian film producers
Sundanese people
Asian film producers

masks: Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata Dinata