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 Manilow's 1980 album Barry. That album was certified Platinum in the US by the RIAA He also appeared as a guest artist on the Tubes 1983 album Outside Inside. <mask> later produced Jennifer Holliday's Grammy nominated 1983 LP Feel My Soul.<mask> produced Barbra Streisand on her 1984 album Emotion. Emotion has been certified Platinum in the US by the RIAA. He also produced Ramsey Lewis on his 1985 album Fantasy. The album reached No. 13 on the Cashbox Jazz Albums chart. He went on to appear as a guest artist on Lee Ritenour's Grammy nominated 1986 album Earth Run. <mask> later co-produced Pieces of a Dream's 1986 LP Joyride.The album reached No. 3 on the Billboard Traditional Jazz Albums chart and No. 18 on the Billboard Top Soul Albums chart. <mask> also produced Neil Diamond on his 1986 album Headed for the Future. Headed for the Future has been certified Gold in the US by the RIAA. He worked as a producer with Atlantic Starr on the band's 1987 LP All in the Name of Love. The album has been certified Platinum in the US by the RIAA.He then made a guest appearance on Cher's 1987 self-titled LP. The album has been certified Platinum in the US by the RIAA. As well he played percussion and coproduced Ramsey Lewis's 1987 album Keys to the City. That album got to No. 22 on the Billboard Top Contemporary Jazz Albums chart. <mask> also produced El DeBarge on his 1992 LP In The Storm. The album got to No.22 on the Blues & Soul Top UK Soul Albums chart. <mask> collaborated with the Japanese band Dreams Come True on two songs: "Wherever You Are" from their 1994 album "Delicious," and "Eternity," which appeared on the soundtrack for the 1994 animated film The Swan Princess. As well he produced Ramsey Lewis's 1993 album Sky Islands. The album rose to No. 4 on the Billboard Contemporary Jazz Albums chart and No. 6 on the Billboard Top Jazz Albums chart. He also appeared on Marcus Miller's 1993 album The Sun Don't Lie.The album rose to No. 10 on the Billboard Jazz Albums chart. <mask> went on to produce the debut album of the jazz group Urban Knights released in 1995 by GRP Records. Urban Knights I featured Ramsey Lewis,  percussionist Omar Hakim, trumpeter Freddie Hubbard, The Emotions and saxophonist Grover Washington, Jr. The album rose to No. 5 on the Billboard Jazz Albums charts. Within that year he also appeared upon British soul group D'Influence's single Midnite.The song reached No. 17 on the UK R&B Singles chart. During 1996 <mask> also established his own record label entitled Kalimba Records. The Urban Knight's sophomore album Urban Knights II was again produced by <mask>. Urban Knights II featured appearances by Ramsey Lewis, Paulinho Da Costa, Verdine <mask>, singer-songwriter and guitarist Jonathan Butler and jazz saxophonist Najee. The album got to No. 7 on the Billboard Jazz Albums chart.<mask> also arranged for the British girl group Cleopatra on their 1998 album Comin' Atcha!. Comin' Atcha peaked at number 20 on the UK albums chart and was certified Silver in the UK by the BPI. <mask> also executively produced saxophonist Paul Taylor's 2000 LP Undercover. The album got to No. 6 on the Billboard Jazz Albums chart. He also featured as a guest artist on Jazz saxophonist Kirk Whalum's 2003 album Into My Soul. As well <mask> guested with French jazz band Nojazz on the tracks "Nobody Else" and "Kool" off their 2006 album Have Fun."Kool" marked the first time <mask> collaborated with his friend Stevie Wonder. <mask> served as the executive producer of an EWF tribute album entitled Interpretations: Celebrating The Music Of Earth, Wind & Fire which was released in March 2007 by Stax Records. The album rose to no. 28 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. On the LP were featured artists such as Chaka Khan, Musiq Soulchild, Mint Condition, Kirk Franklin and Angie Stone. Kirk Franklin's cover of September reached No. 17 on the Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart and No.26 on the Billboard Hot Gospel Songs chart. As well Dwele's remake of "That's The Way Of The World" and Meshell Ndegeocello's cover of "Fantasy" were both Grammy nominated for Best Urban/Alternative Performance. <mask> executively produced jazz musician Brian Culbertson's album Bringing Back The Funk which was released in 2008 on GRP Records. Bringing Back the Funk rose to No. 3 on the Billboard Jazz Albums chart and No. 18 on the Top R&B/Hip Hop Albums chart. The album featured guest artistes such as Ray Parker Jr., Sheldon Reynolds, Bootsy Collins, Larry Graham, Ledisi, Ronnie Laws, Musiq Soulchild, Bernie Worrell, Maceo Parker, Larry Dunn and Gerald Albright.A song from the album called Always Remember got to No. 1 on the Billboard Smooth Jazz Songs chart. Culbertson revealed in an interview that he is "...still in disbelief. I have learned so much from (<mask>) and he actually said that he learned a lot from me. It was incredible to work with him." Solo work

During 1985, <mask> released a self titled solo album on Columbia. Robin Denselow of The Guardian called the album a "lush collection of self produced dance tracks, and the occasional ballad, with synths and drum programming immaculately in place, and the vocals as classy as ever".J.D. Considine of Musician also said the "Given his status as Earth, Wind & Fire's Shining Star, it comes as no surprise that <mask>'s first solo project sounds a lot like classic EW&F: tight, focused and punchy. But while <mask> remembers to sink a hook into every verse and chorus, the emphasis here is on subtlety and sophistication as he works his way from R&B basics, from the studio mechanics of 'Switch on Your Radio' to the modified doo wop of 'Stand By Me', with a sense of craft that makes slickness irrelevant". The album rose to number 12 on the Billboard Top Soul Albums chart. Appearing upon the LP was a cover of Ben E. King's "Stand by Me", with a guest appearance by jazz saxophonist Gerald Albright. <mask>'s version of "Stand by Me" got to No. 6 on the Billboard Hot Soul Singles and No.11 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary Songs chart. Another song from the album called "I Need You" rose to No. 20 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary Songs chart and No. 30 on the Billboard Hot Soul Singles chart. In 2019, an album of previously unreleased recordings, titled Manifestation, was released. This album consists of selected tracks worked on by <mask> and songwriter/producer Preston Glass over a period of nearly 30 years. Screen and stage
<mask> wrote and produced songs for the feature films Coming to America, A Low Down Dirty Shame, and Gatchaman OVA.He also composed music for the television series Life Is Wild. During 2006 he worked with Gregory Hines' brother, <mask> upon the Broadway play Hot Feet. <mask> and Allee Willis also wrote several new songs for the play. In the movie BAADASSSSS!, the actor Khalil Kain portrayed a young <mask> leading the early incarnation of Earth, Wind & Fire. Released at the 2004 Sundance Film Festival, the film was based on Melvin Van Peebles' struggles to film and distribute the movie Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song. His son, Mario Van Peebles both directed the film and portrayed his father in the lead role. <mask> also won an ASCAP Award as a composer of, "That's The Way Of The World", with it being a theme song of the sitcom Hearts Afire.Personal life
<mask> was a married father of three children: one daughter, Hemeya, and two sons, Kahbran and Eden. He owned two homes in California, one in Carmel Valley and the other a four-level condominium in Los Angeles. He was a fan of basketball and tennis. He went by the nickname of "Reese". His younger half-brother, Verdine <mask>, an original member of Earth, Wind & Fire, still tours with the band as its bassist and a backing vocalist. Additionally, their brother Fred joined the band in 1974, when the band recorded "Devotion". Death
On the morning of February 4, 2016, <mask> died in his sleep at his Los Angeles home from the effects of Parkinson's disease.He was 74 years old. His brother Verdine said, "My brother, hero and best friend <mask> passed away peacefully last night in his sleep. While the world has lost another great musician and legend, our family asks that our privacy is respected as we start what will be a very difficult and life-changing transition in our lives. Thank you for your prayers and well-wishes." Legacy
Along with EW&F, <mask> was posthumously bestowed with a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at the annual Grammy Awards ceremony on February 15, 2016, at the Staples Center, Los Angeles, California. At the ceremony Stevie Wonder and Pentatonix performed a rendition of That's the Way of the World in tribute to <mask>. Artists such as Stokley Williams, Richard Marx, Raphael Saadiq, Larry Blackmon, and Nate Dogg have also named <mask> as an influence.Awards and honors

Grammy Awards
The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States. <mask> received seven Grammys from 22 nominations. |-
|rowspan="2"|1976
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|Best Instrumental Composition
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||Best of My Love
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||Fantasy
|Best R&B Song
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||<mask>
|Producer of the Year
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Other awards
Four American Music Awards. The BET Lifetime Achievement Award
An ASCAP Rhythm And Soul Award
An ASCAP Pop Music Award
Three NAACP Image Awards
An ASCAP Rhythm and Soul Heritage Award
A Lifetime Achievement Award from the Jazz Foundation of America. Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
Inducted into the Memphis Music Hall of Fame
A Star on the Hollywood Walk Of Fame
On May 16, 2005, <mask> was honored by Los Angeles Valley College as the first recipient of their Cultural Achievement Award Of Excellence. On May 10, 2008, <mask> and Philip Bailey received honorary doctorates from the Berklee College of Music. On May 20, 2008, <mask>, Phillip Bailey, Ralph Johnson and Verdine <mask> received honorary doctorates from Columbia College of Chicago.Autobiography
On September 13, 2016, <mask>'s autobiography, <mask>: My Life With Earth, Wind & Fire, by <mask> and Herb Powell, was released, including a foreword by Steve Harvey and an afterword by David Foster. See also
Albums produced by <mask>

References

External links

Kalimba Entertainment
Kalimba Music
Official Earth, Wind & Fire Website

1941 births
2016 deaths
African-American record producers
African-American male singer-songwriters
American bandleaders
American funk drummers
American funk singers
American jazz drummers
American male pop singers
American music arrangers
American baritones
American soul singers
Neurological disease deaths in California
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Earth, Wind & Fire members
Grammy Award winners
Musicians from Memphis, Tennessee
People from Carmel Valley Village, California
Record producers from California
Record producers from Tennessee
Rhythm and blues drummers
Singer-songwriters from Tennessee
Soul drummers
Tennessee State University alumni
American male jazz musicians
The Pharaohs members
Jazz musicians from California
20th-century African-American male singers
Singer-songwriters from

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<mask> "Beppe" <mask> (born 30 April 1957) is an Italian professional football manager and former player. Playing career
Born in Campania, Sannino relocated to Turin with his family after his father was hired by the Fiat automobile company in Turin. In his career, Sannino played as a creative attacking midfielder for several minor league teams, with Serie C2 club Vogherese being the one he became most associated with. Sannino retired from active football in 1988, after a lone season with Ligurian amateur club Entella. Coaching career

Lower leagues in Italy
Sannino entered into a coaching career in 1990, as responsible of the Allievi (under-17) team at Vogherese. In 1992, he became youth coach at Pavia, and one year later he worked with the same role at Monza. In 1996, he took his first head coaching experience at amateur Eccellenza club Oltrepò, ending the season in sixth place.After a short stint as youth coach at Como, in 1998 Sannino took his first head coaching role in a professional league at Serie C2 club Biellese: this experience however turned out to be disappointing, as he was dismissed before the end of the season. In 1999, he took charge of Serie D club F.C. Südtirol, leading them to first place in the league, and then keeping the club in Serie C2 the following season. In 2001–02 he managed Meda, another Serie C2 club, but was dismissed again before the end of the season. In 2002–03, he then led Sangiovannese to sixth place in Serie C2. Two other unsuccessful stints followed with Varese and Cosenza F.C., but both ended with him being fired. In 2005, he took the reins of Lecco, guiding the small Lombardian team to a surprise promotion to Serie C1 in his second season in charge of the club.This was followed by three more consecutive promotions: the first at Pergocrema (from Serie C2 to Serie C1), and the other two at Varese, where he was appointed by Sean Sogliano during the season and successfully guided the club from Serie C2 to Serie B. In his first season in Serie B, Sannino led Varese to a remarkable fourth place and a spot in the promotion playoffs, but lost to Padova in the semi-finals. Serie A and moving abroad
In June 2011, <mask> signed a two-year contract as head coach of newly promoted Serie A club Siena, taking over from departing boss Antonio Conte who was signed by Italian giants Juventus. The aim for the small Tuscan club was to escape relegation in what was going to be <mask>'s first experience in charge of a top flight club. In the 2011–12 season, Sannino managed to keep Siena safely out of the relegation zone, and also led the club to the Coppa Italia semifinals, then lost to eventual winners Napoli. On 6 June 2012, <mask> signed a two-year contract as head coach of Palermo, only a few weeks after Siena director of football Giorgio Perinetti made the same move to Sicily. His short-lived experience with the Sicilians ended on 16 September 2012, when club chairman Maurizio Zamparini decided to remove him from first team duties after achieving only one point in the first three Serie A games; he was replaced by Gian Piero Gasperini.He was rehired on 11 March 2013. Despite an impressive string of results with a particularly difficult calendar (including wins against Inter and Roma), however, he failed to keep Palermo in the top flight. He was appointed as Chievo coach on 1 July. However, he was sacked on 11 November. On 18 December 2013, he was confirmed as new head coach of Watford. On 15 March 2014, Sannino led Watford to a club record sixth consecutive home win in all competitions without conceding, with a 3–0 win against Barnsley. Despite winning four of the first five league games of the 2014–15 season, and with Watford second in the table, his future was subject to speculation following rumours of dressing-room unrest and some players disliking his management style.<mask> resigned on 31 August, his last game in charge being their 4-2 home win against Huddersfield Town the day before. Later career
On 14 September 2014, <mask> returned into management, taking over as new head coach of Serie B club Catania. His period as Catania boss, however, lasted only three months, as he resigned on 19 December following a string a poor results and strained relationship with the club's board. On 29 September 2015, he was appointed manager of newly promoted Serie A side Carpi. On 3 November, it was announced that he had been relieved of his duties and he was replaced by Fabrizio Castori - the man he had initially replaced - as first team coach

He was successively appointed new head coach of Serie B club Salernitana for the 2016–17 season, but resigned from his position on 30 November 2016 after having criticised the attitude of the club's supporters following a league home draw to Pro Vercelli. <mask> successively served as head coach of Triestina for the club's 2017–18 Serie C campaign, a job he left in February 2018 due to disagreements with the board, with his assistant Nicola Princivalli taking over from him. On 22 October 2018 he was named new head coach of Greek Superleague club Levadiakos.On 19 February 2019 he was named new head coach of Serie C club Novara. On 5 May 2019 he was sacked. On 28 May, <mask> was named new head coach of Nemzeti Bajnokság I club Budapest Honvéd. He resigned on March 2020 following the COVID-19 pandemic in order to move back to Italy. In February 2021, Sannino returned to manage Levadiakos; however, he resigned less than three months later on 11 May due to personal reasons, despite having obtained 30 points in 15 league games. <mask> successively served as head coach of Libyan Premier League club Al-Ittihad from September 2021 to January 2022. References

1957 births
Living people
People from Ottaviano
Italian footballers
Serie C players
S.S.D.Varese Calcio players
A.S.D. AVC Vogherese 1919 players
Spezia Calcio players
F.C. Pavia players
Italian football managers
Serie A managers
Calcio Lecco 1912 managers
S.S.D. Varese Calcio managers
A.C.N. Siena 1904 managers
Palermo F.C. managers
Watford F.C. managers
A.C. ChievoVerona managers
English Football League managers
Expatriate football managers in England
Italian expatriate football managers
Italian expatriate sportspeople in England
Association football midfielders
Carpi F.C.1909 managers
F.C. Südtirol managers
Novara Calcio managers
A.C. Meda 1913 managers
Budapest Honvéd FC managers
Expatriate football managers in Hungary
Italian expatriate sportspeople in Hungary
A.S.D. La Biellese managers
Vigevano Calcio players
A.S.D. Fanfulla players
Nemzeti Bajnokság I managers

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<mask> (born January 31, 1962) is an American stand-up comedian, writer, actor, radio personality and podcast host best known for his appearances as a regular on Tough Crowd with Colin Quinn, the Comedy Central Roasts, Opie and Anthony and The Howard Stern Show, as well as recurring roles on Louie and Horace and Pete. After a stint on SiriusXM that ended in 2018 due to being fired, he re-launched his topical comedy show The <mask> Show, as a daily online video show and podcast. Early life
<mask> was born in Danvers, Massachusetts to parents <mask> and <mask>. In 1980, after graduating from high school, he attended the University of Maine where he was a running back on the university's football team and graduated in 1984 with a major in marketing. He said: "I cheated my way through with a 2.3 grade point average but picked this time as 'the best years of my life'." He joined the fraternity Sigma Nu. His brother also attended the university and did play-by-play commentary for the Maine Black Bears hockey team with Gary Thorne.After graduating, <mask> landed several jobs, including office jobs in marketing and as a door-to-door salesman selling meat and seafood. During this time, the stand-up comedy scene in the Boston area had picked up and a friend encouraged <mask> to go on stage. <mask> was a fan of stand-up and was influenced by watching comedians appear on The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson, David Letterman on The Mike Douglas Show, Jay Leno on The Merv Griffin Show, and Robert Klein. He had wanted to have a go for several years but "didn't have the guts" but his lack of enjoyment as a salesman "led me to the stage". <mask> performed his first routine in the summer of 1986 at an open mic night at Stitches club in Boston, traveling from a family barbecue with "about 22 beers in me". He recalled his five-minute set went "pretty well" and wanted to pursue it full time, but his salesman job required a temporary relocation to Rhode Island. In the spring of 1987, he returned to Boston and started to make regular appearances at local open mic nights.Career

1980s–1990s
<mask> said it took years to hone his stand-up act. From 1987 to 1992, he worked clubs in the New England area, including the Comedy Vault, the Comedy Connection, and Stitches. Two years in, he did his first gigs in New York City which included a regular spot at Catch a Rising Star. He described his act during this early period as "a rapid fire approach, four or five punches attached to every joke". Upon moving to New York City, <mask>'s act became more political from reading local newspapers and comparing views of each publication. In his first year as a stand-up comic, he secured Barry Katz as his manager and performed on over 300 nights. <mask> went on to live in New York City with comedian Louis C.K.as his roommate. In 1992, <mask> relocated to Los Angeles. While there he developed his stand-up act in local comedy clubs and took on several television and film roles. He went on to make an early appearance on national television on The Arsenio Hall Show and featured on HBO's Young Comedian's Special, which focused on up and coming comics. While in Los Angeles, <mask> befriended comedian and actor Artie Lange during an audition for a pilot that had Lange play the lead. <mask>'s first stand-up album, Born This Way, was released in 1999 and was recorded at The Comedy Store in La Jolla, California. Its title was suggested by comedian Colin Quinn.2000s
After five years in Los Angeles, <mask> had considered returning to New York City when Chris Rock offered him a writing position on The Chris Rock Show which was based in the city. He accepted, and wrote for two seasons. In 2001, he and the team of writers were nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Variety, Music, or Comedy Program. It was <mask>'s second Emmy Award nomination. He looked back at his time on the show as one of the best times of his career and went on to work contributing to comedy scripts. By 2001, <mask> had settled in Queens. In June 2001, <mask> made his first appearance on Late Show with David Letterman and later, filmed promos for the Comedy Central roast of Hugh Hefner.His appearances on The Howard Stern Show soon after led to comedy gigs nationwide with various staff from the show, including Stuttering John and Artie Lange, which further raised his profile. From 2002 to 2004, <mask> was a regular guest on the Comedy Central show Tough Crowd with Colin Quinn. He has appeared on several roasts for the network, including The Comedy Central Roast of Pamela Anderson, The Comedy Central Roast of Denis Leary, The Comedy Central Roast of Jeff Foxworthy and The Comedy Central Roast of Larry the Cable Guy. In 2004, <mask> released his second comedy album, Road Rage. Like his first, it was titled by Quinn. Also that year, he starred in Shorties Watchin' Shorties, an animated comedy series on Comedy Central, alongside Patrice O'Neal. They voice two unsupervised babies who comment on television clips, including performances by fellow stand-up comics.The idea originated from <mask> after the network wanted the pair to work together. He has done several Comics Come Home benefit shows. He was cast as a police officer in Artie Lange's feature film Artie Lange's Beer League and in The Sopranos. He also wrote for the 77th Academy Awards and the MTV Video Music Awards. From December 2006 to December 2007, <mask> hosted an afternoon radio show on WFNY in New York City. He left the station after management decided to change formats. He then took fill in spots on the air, including Jerry Doyle, Dennis Miller, and Dan Patrick.In January 2008, <mask> began an occasional online talk show on BlogTalkRadio. Other television appearances include The Colin Quinn Show on NBC, NewsRadio, Suddenly Susan and The Smoking Gun Presents. He has been a guest on radio shows, including The Howard Stern Show, Opie and Anthony, and The Dennis Miller Show. He was cast as the building superintendent on Louis C.K. 's HBO show Lucky Louie, and appeared with a recurring role in Louis C.K. 's FX series Louie. <mask> has done USO tours in Cuba and Japan.In 2008, he performed stand-up for US soldiers in Afghanistan as a part of Operation Mirth, which Lange named and headlined. He was joined by Gary Dell'Abate and Dave Attell. 2010s
In April 2011, <mask>'s special Raw Nerve was released as part of the Comedy Central Presents... series and on the television network Showtime. In October 2011, <mask> launched a syndicated sports entertainment radio show with Lange named The <mask> & Artie Show. <mask> left in January 2013. Lange continued to host the show with former professional American football player Jon Ritchie that was renamed The Artie Lange Show. In October 2013, <mask> launched his weekly podcast, The Nick Di Paolo Podcast, on the Riotcast network.The weekly episodes were free while additional episodes were exclusive to his ConnectPal donators. The podcast ended in April 2018 following his firing from SiriusXM, after 226 episodes. <mask> was fired from SiriusXM after he posted comments on his Twitter account which read “School shooters, please confine yourself to coll. campuses, specifically faculty lounges at Berkeley, Fresno State etc.” <mask> was subsequently fired, to which <mask> responded that Sirius XM had overreacted and his “poorly worded” tweet was only worth a suspension “at best”. In 2014, <mask> released his comedy special, Another Senseless Killing. He wanted to film it in an intimate club setting and chose Acme in Minneapolis. In late 2016, <mask> filmed his comedy special entitled Inflammatory.It was released on DVD and digital download in 2017. From May 15, 2017 to April 2018, <mask> hosted an evening radio show on the talk/comedy channel Faction Talk on Sirius XM Radio that aired from Monday through Thursday. Excerpts from the show were released as a weekly installment of his podcast, The Nick Di Paolo Podcast. The show was cancelled after <mask> had posted comments on his Twitter account that management deemed offensive, and was subsequently fired. <mask> maintained that his "poorly worded tweet" should have resulted in a temporary suspension "at best", and that SiriusXM had overreacted. In March 2018, <mask> kicked off his nationwide Nick is Right Tour. On July 9, 2018, <mask> launched his new audio and video podcast, The <mask> <mask> Show.The one-hour show airs live four days a week from his private studio. The free stream is broadcast live on YouTube. On May 6, 2019, <mask> released his one-hour comedy special, A Breath of Fresh Air, for free on YouTube. He wanted to release it "without any media/industry filter" that networks such as Netflix or Comedy Central have in place, and his management aimed to present <mask> to a wider audience to increase his profile. It was filmed in February 2019 at the Cohoes Music Hall in Cohoes, New York in front of a sold-out crowd. <mask> had performed at the venue two years prior and wanted to return to produce a special there. Personal life
<mask> married his wife Andrea in March 2003.They have been together since 1994. After returning to New York City in the early 2000s, <mask> moved to Tarrytown, New York. This was followed by a move to New Castle in Westchester County, New York in 2004. In April 2019, <mask> and his wife Andrea moved to Georgia. His father Nicholas G<mask>, a former Marine, died of Alzheimer's disease on June 30, 2020, in Danvers, Massachusetts. Politics
During a 2015 interview on Marc Maron's WTF Podcast, <mask> described his political outlook as "center-right" (noting that he doesn't oppose abortion or gay rights) and mentioned that his friend Colin Quinn had once quipped, "you're not a political comedian, but you could tell a joke about McDonald's and everyone would know how you voted". <mask> says he opposes left-wing political correctness, which he believes "ruined this country".<mask> was mentioned as part of a shock radio "brethren" in a New York Times article about CBS Radio's decision to fire Don Imus for referring to black college basketball players as "nappy-headed hoes". The article described one of <mask>'s bits in which he mocked an employee training manual entitled "Words Hurt and Harm", stating, "Right away, we’re starting with a false premise, because words don't hurt". Comedy specials
Born This Way (1999; CD, download)
Road Rage (2004; CD, download)
Funny, How? (2008 CD, download)
 Raw Nerve (2011; DVD, download)
Another Senseless Killing (2014; CD, DVD, download)
Inflammatory (2017; DVD, download)
A Breath of Fresh Air (2019; YouTube)

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

<mask> <mask>'s official site

1962 births
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
20th-century American comedians
21st-century American comedians
American male film actors
American stand-up comedians
American male television actors
American television writers
American people of French-Canadian descent
American writers of Italian descent
American male television writers
American television personalities
American radio personalities
American men podcasters
American podcasters
Living people
Male actors from Massachusetts
Massachusetts Republicans
People from Danvers, Massachusetts
Screenwriters from Massachusetts
University of Maine alumni
Comedians from Massachusetts

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<mask> (;  or ;  – 21 or 22 February 1072 or 1073) was a reforming Benedictine monk and cardinal in the circle of Pope Leo IX. Dante placed him in one of the highest circles of Paradiso as a great predecessor of Francis of Assisi and he was declared a Doctor of the Church on 27 September 1828. His feast day is 21 February. Early life
<mask> was born in Ravenna around 988, the youngest of a large noble, but poor family. Orphaned early, he was at first adopted by an elder brother, who ill-treated and under-fed him while employing him as a swineherd. After some years, another brother, <mask>, who was archpriest at Ravenna, had pity on him and took him away to be educated. Adding his brother's name to his own, <mask> made such rapid progress in his studies of theology and canon law, first at Ravenna, then at Faenza, and finally at the University of Parma, that, around the age of 25, he was already a famous teacher at Parma and Ravenna.Religious life

About 1035, however, he gave up his secular calling and, avoiding the compromised luxury of Cluniac monasteries, entered the isolated hermitage of Fonte Avellana, near Gubbio. Both as a novice and as a monk, his fervour was remarkable but led him to such extremes of self-mortification in penance that his health was affected, and he developed severe insomnia. On his recovery, he was appointed to lecture to his fellow monks. Then, at the request of Guy of Pomposa (Guido d'Arezzo) and other heads of neighbouring monasteries, for two or three years he lectured to their brethren also, and (about 1042) wrote the life of Romuald for the monks of Pietrapertosa. Soon after his return to Fonte Avellana he was appointed economus (manager or housekeeper) of the house by the prior, who designated him as his successor. In 1043 he became prior of Fonte Avellana, and remained so until his death in February 1072. Subject-hermitages were founded at San Severino, Gamogna, Acerreta, Murciana, San Salvatore, Sitria and Ocri.A zealot for monastic and clerical reform, he introduced a more-severe discipline, including the practice of flagellation ("the disciplina") into the house, which, under his rule, quickly attained celebrity, and became a model for other foundations, even the great abbey of Monte Cassino. There was much opposition outside his own circle to such extreme forms of penitence, but <mask>'s persistent advocacy ensured its acceptance, to such an extent that he was obliged later to moderate the imprudent zeal of some of his own hermits. Another innovation was that of the daily siesta, to make up for the fatigue of the night office. During his tenure of the priorate, a cloister was built, silver chalices and a silver processional cross were purchased, and many books were added to the library. Reformer

Although living in the seclusion of the cloister, <mask> closely watched the fortunes of the church, and like his friend Hildebrand, the future Pope Gregory VII, he strove for reforms in a deplorable time. After almost two centuries of political and social upheaval, doctrinal ignorance and the petty venality among the clergy had reached intolerable levels. When the scandalous Benedict IX resigned the pontificate into the hands of the archpriest John Gratian (Gregory VI) in 1045, <mask> hailed the change with joy and wrote to the new pope, urging him to deal with the scandals of the church in Italy, singling out the wicked bishops of Pesaro, of Città di Castello and of Fano.Extending the area of his activities, he entered into communication with the Emperor Henry III. He was present in Rome when Clement II crowned Henry III and his consort Agnes, and he also attended a synod held at the Lateran in the first days of 1047, in which decrees were passed against simony. After this he returned to his hermitage. <mask> published a constant stream of open letters on a variety of theological and disciplinary controversies. About 1050, he wrote Liber Gomorrhianus addressed to Pope Leo IX, containing a scathing indictment of the practice of sodomy, as threatening the integrity of the clergy. Meanwhile, the question arose as to the validity of the ordinations of simoniacal clerics. <mask> wrote (about 1053) a treatise, the Liber Gratissimus, in favour of their validity, a work which, though much combatted at the time, was potent in deciding the question in their favor before the end of the 12th century.Pope Benedict XVI described him as "one of the most significant figures of the 11th century, ... a lover of solitude and at the same time a fearless man of the Church, committed personally to the task of reform." Philosophy

<mask> often condemned philosophy. He claimed that the first grammarian was the Devil, who taught Adam to decline deus in the plural. He argued that monks should not have to study philosophy, because Jesus did not choose philosophers as disciples, and so philosophy is not necessary for salvation. But the idea (later attributed to Thomas Aquinas) that philosophy should serve theology as a servant serves her mistress originated with him. However, this apparent animosity may reflect his view that logic is only concerned with the validity of argument, rather than the nature of reality. Similar views are found in Al-Ghazali and Wittgenstein.<mask>'s tract De divina omnipotentia is frequently misunderstood. <mask>'s purpose is to defend the "doctrine of omnipotence", which he defines as the ability of God to do anything that is good, e.g., God cannot lie. Toivo J. Holopainen identifies De divina omnipotentia as "an interesting document related to the early developments of medieval discussion concerning modalities and divine omnipotence." <mask> also recognized that God can act outside time, as Gregory of Rimini later argued. Papal envoy and Cardinal
During his illness the pope died, and Frédéric, abbot of Monte Cassino, was elected pope as Stephen IX. In the autumn of 1057, Stephen IX determined to make <mask> a cardinal. For a long time, <mask> resisted the offer, for he was more at ease as an itinerant hermit-preacher than a reformer from within the Curia, but was finally forced to accept, and was consecrated Cardinal Bishop of Ostia on 30 November 1057.In addition he was appointed administrator of the Diocese of Gubbio. The new cardinal was impressed with the great responsibilities of his office and wrote a stirring letter to his brother-cardinals, exhorting them to shine by their example before all. Four months later Pope Stephen died in Florence, and the church was once more distracted by schism. <mask> was vigorous in his opposition to the antipope Benedict X, but the force was on the side of the intruder and <mask> retired temporarily to Fonte Avallana. Milan

Around the end of 1059, <mask> was sent as legate to Milan by Pope Nicholas II. So bad was the state of things at Milan, that benefices (a reward received in exchange for services rendered and as a retainer for future services) were openly bought and sold, and the clergy publicly married the women with whom they lived. The resistance of the clergy of Milan to the reform of Ariald the Deacon and Anselm of Lucca rendered a contest so bitter that an appeal was made to the Holy See.Nicholas II sent <mask> and the Bishop of Lucca as his legates. The party of the irregular clerics took alarm and raised the cry that Rome had no authority over Milan. <mask> boldly confronted the rioters in the cathedral and proved to them the authority of the Holy See with such effect that all parties submitted to his decision. He exacted first a solemn oath from the archbishop and all his clergy that for the future no preferment should be paid for; then, imposing a penance on all who had been guilty, he reinstated in their benefices all who undertook to live in celibacy. The prudent decision was attacked by some of the rigorists at Rome but was not reversed. Unfortunately, on the death of Nicholas II, the same disputes broke out, and they were not finally settled till after the martyrdom of Arialdo in 1066. Meanwhile, <mask> was pleading in vain to be released from the cares of his office.Neither Nicholas II nor Hildebrand would consent to spare him. Later career

He rendered valuable assistance to Pope Alexander II in his struggle with the antipope, Honorius II. In July 1061 Pope Nicholas II died and once more a schism ensued. <mask> used all his powers to persuade the antipope Cadalous to withdraw, but to no purpose. Finally Anno II, Archbishop of Cologne and acting regent in Germany, summoned a council at Augsburg at which a long argument by <mask> was read and greatly contributed to the decision in favour of Alexander II. In 1063 the pope held a synod at Rome, at which <mask> was appointed legate to settle the dispute between the Abbey of Cluny and the Bishop of Mâcon. He proceeded to France, summoned a council at Chalon-sur-Saône, proved the justice of the contentions of Cluny, settled other questions at issue in the church of France, and returned in the autumn to Fonte Avellana.While he was in France the antipope Cadalous had again become active in his attempts to gain Rome, and <mask> brought upon himself a sharp reproof from Alexander and Hildebrand for twice imprudently appealing to the royal power to judge the case anew. In 1067, the cardinal was sent to Florence to settle the dispute between the bishop and the monks of Vallombrosa, who accused the former of simony. His efforts, however, were not successful, largely because he misjudged the case and threw the weight of his authority on the side of the bishop. The matter was not settled until the following year by the pope in person. Having served the papacy as legate to France and to Florence, he was allowed to resign his bishopric in 1067. After a period of retirement at Fonte Avellana, he proceeded in 1069 as papal legate to Germany, and persuaded the emperor Henry IV to give up his intention of divorcing his wife Bertha. He accomplished this task at a council in Frankfurt before returning to Fonte-Avellana.Early in 1072 or 1073 he was sent to Ravenna to reconcile its inhabitants to the Holy See, they having been excommunicated for supporting their archbishop in his adhesion to the schism of Cadalous. On his return thence he was seized with fever near Faenza. He lay ill for a week at the monastery of Santa Maria degl'Angeli, now Santa Maria Vecchia. On the night preceding the feast of the Chair of St. <mask> at Antioch, he ordered the office of the feast to be recited and at the end of the Lauds he died. He was at once buried in the monastery church, lest others should claim his relics. During his concluding years, he was not altogether in accord with the political ideas of Hildebrand. He died the year before Hildebrand became pope, as Gregory VII."It removed from the scene the one man who could have restrained Gregory", Norman F. Cantor remarked (Civilization of the Middle Ages, p 251). Veneration
<mask> is venerated as a saint and was made a Doctor of the Church by Pope Leo XII on 27 September 1828 with a feast day which is now celebrated on 21 February (Ordinary calendar). In 1970, his feast was moved there from 23 February where it had been before. His body has been moved six times. Since 1898, <mask> has rested in a chapel dedicated to the saint in the cathedral of Faenza. No formal canonization ever took place, but his cult has existed since his death at Faenza, at Fonte-Avellana, at Monte Cassino, and at Cluny. The saint is represented in art as a cardinal bearing a knotted rope (the disciplina) in his hand; also sometimes he is depicted as a pilgrim holding a papal Bull, to signify his many legations.Works

<mask>'s voluminous writings, including treatises (67 survive), letters, sermons, prayers, hymns and liturgical texts (though, in a departure from many early medieval monks, no biblical commentaries) reflect the spiritual conditions of Italy: the groundswell of intense personal piety that would overflow in the First Crusade at the end of the century, and his Latin abounds in denunciatory epithets. His works include:
 His most famous work is De Divina Omnipotentia, a long letter in which he discusses God's power. The De Divina Omnipotentia purports to be a letter from <mask> to Desiderius, abbot of Monte Cassino. <mask> develops a position he had taken in an earlier discussion with Desiderius on the claim of St. Jerome that, although God can do all things, he cannot restore virginity to a woman who had lost it. Desiderius had sided with Jerome; <mask> had claimed that God could indeed restore lost virginity. In this letter <mask> defends his views, an undertaking that takes him into the discussion of the scope of divine power, the possibility of God's annulling the past, and the problems that arise from using the language of human temporality to describe divine possibilities in an eternal present. The central question of the nature and scope of divine power is related to previous discussions of the question and to the more sophisticated debates of the later Middle Ages.<mask>'s apparent claims that the law of contradiction does not apply to God and that God is able to annul the past deserve recognition. In these discussions <mask> shows himself the equal of any of the dialecticians that he so severely criticizes. In the short treatise Dominus vobiscum (The Book of "The Lord be with You") (PL 145:231-252), he questions whether a hermit praying in solitude should use the plural; <mask> concludes that the hermit should use the plural, since he is linked to the whole church by faith and fellowship. His Life of Romauld and his treatise The Eremitical Order demonstrate his continuing commitment to solitude and severe asceticism as the ultimate form of Christian life. He was especially devoted to the Virgin Mary, and wrote an Officium Beatae Virginis. The treaty about sodomy and insiders of the Catholic Church called Liber Gomorrhianus
 De Institutione monialis, which had the aim of safeguarding Western Christians from the decadent uses of the East. Notable in this work, among other things, <mask>, then Bishop of Ostia, condemned Maria Argyre's use of a golden fork to eat.Forks were a new invention at the time. Disceptatio synodalis, in defense of Pope Alexander II against Antipope Honorius II
 De Sancta Simplicitate
 Liber Gratissimus, against simony

Modern editions
 Opera Omnia, in JP Migne, ed., Patrologia Latina, (PL), vols 144 and 145, Paris: Vives. [PL144 mostly contains his letters and sermons; PL145 contains his treatises]
 Pierre Damien: Lettre sur la Toute-Puissance divine, ed Andre Cantin, SC 191 [a modern critical edition of this work]

Translations
 St <mask>: Selected Writings on the Spiritual Life, trans. Patricia McNulty, (London, 1959)

See also
Anselm of Canterbury
Saint <mask>, patron saint archive

Footnotes

Further reading
 David Berger, "<mask> <mask>. His Attitude Toward the Jews and the Old Testament", The Yavneh Review, 4 (1965) 80-112. Owen J. Blum, <mask> Damin: His Teaching on the Spiritual Life, Washington, 1947. Owen J. Blum, "The Monitor of the Popes: St. <mask>", in Studi Gregoriani vol.2 (1947), pp 459–76. John Boswell, Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality Chicago, 1980. Pierre J. Payer, Book of Gomorrah: An Eleventh-Century Treatise against Clerical Homosexual Practices, Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1962

External links

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry

1000s births
1070s deaths
11th-century Italian cardinals
Cardinal-bishops of Ostia
Doctors of the Church
Diplomats of the Holy See
People from Ravenna
11th-century Italian writers
11th-century Christian saints
People from the Province of Ravenna
Medieval Italian saints
Italian Benedictines
Medieval Latin poets
11th-century Latin writers

masks:
Peter Damian
Peter
Damianus
Peter
Peter
Peter Damian
Peter
Damian
Peter Damian
Peter
Damian
Damian
Peter
Damian
Damian
Peter
Damian
Peter
Damian
Peter
Peter
Peter Damian
Peter Damian
Peter Damian
Peter Damian
Peter
Peter Damian
Peter Damian
Peter Damian
Peter Damian
Peter
Damian
Peter
Damian
Damian
Damian
Damiani
Peter Damian
Peter Damian
St Peter
Damian
Saint Peter
Peter Damian


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<mask> (October 27, 1922 – May 22, 1996) was an American science fiction author who also wrote soft-core erotica. He is not the same person as <mask><mask>, a libertarian writer, or <mask><mask>, another science fiction writer. There were at least three authors writing as "<mask><mask>" in the 1960s; one wrote many "swamp love" paperback originals, which are often erroneously attributed to <mask>. <mask> himself used the pseudonyms Jeremy August, Jerry August, Don Bellmore, Ross Camra, M J Deer (with his wife, <mask>), John Dexter (a "house name" used by multiple authors); <mask>, <mask>, <mask> (a "house name"), Jerry Jason, Clancy O'Brien, Alan Robinson, <mask>, Diana Summers, <mask>, <mask>, Morgan Trehune, Roy Warren, and J X Williams (a "house name") for publishers such as Avalon, Beacon, Boudoir, Brandon House, Epic, Evening Reader, France, Greenleaf, Midwood, Monarch, Notetime, Pike, Pillow, and Playtime. It is known that he wrote more than 100 novels. The first was published by Ace Books, and the others by DAW Books. According to a legend, Avalon is the place where King Arthur was taken when he was dying.In Avalon, Earth is a place of legend, separated from Avalon by a dimensional gateway, and what is legend in one place is real in another. In Kar Kaballa, Dylan MacBride, the son of a famous Avalonian explorer, attempts to warn the Empire in which he lives (fairly similar to the late-19th century British Empire) of an impending invasion by the Gogs. The Gogs are a nomadic race equivalent to the Mongols, living on a continent separated from Avalon by a narrow sea. Their ruler is Kar Kaballa, and they worship a deity named Cythraul who demands human sacrifice and wishes to emerge and consume the world. MacBride's attempts are unsuccessful because the Empire assumes the Gogs cannot cross the sea barrier that separates the continents and, in any case, the Navy would stop them. MacBride's explanations that the sea barrier that separates the continents freezes over once every fifty years and that the freeze is due to happen again, giving the Gogs ready access to Avalon and making the Navy powerless to stop them, are  ignored. Thus, the 19th-century-equivalent culture must contend anachronistically with an invasion of a barbarian horde similar to that of Attila the Hun or Genghis Khan (but armed with formidable, advanced weaponry).The nomads being named "Gogs" obviously links their invasion with the apocalyptic visions of Gog and Magog, derived from Jewish Eschatology and taken up by other religions as well. MacBride must team with a naval officer, a visitor from Earth who is trying to sell a new weapon called a Gatling gun to the Imperial authorities, and Clarinda McTague, an appealing sorceress who worships the goddess Keridwen, in an attempt to stop the Gogs and prevent Cythraul from emerging from his underground lair and consuming the world. It's a serio-comic story, combining the "Yellow Peril" threat popular in old novels, a Great Old One as per H. P. Lovecraft, and elements of Celtic mythology. The Second War of the Worlds is a sequel to Kar Kaballa in which Wells' Martian invaders (from War of the Worlds) have taken a step sideways to Thor (the Anwwn-equivalent of Mars) to attempt the invasion of Anwwn. There are primitive submarines, dirigibles, and Old Souls involved, and the Martians are once again defeated. Two men from Earth, Mr. H and Dr. W, assist MacBride defeat the Martians; the story makes it clear that these characters are obviously <mask> and Dr. John Watson. The Island Snatchers is the third Dylan McBride book, and features Gaelic gods stealing the island from which Clarinda (now Mrs. McBride) hails, and the McBrides' efforts to get the island back.Druid's World is a variant of Kar Kaballa, featuring a protagonist named Adam MacBride, but again set in an "Avalon" which combined features of 19th century England (although the naval mutinies are similar to those of the Napoleonic Wars, the Spithead Mutiny in particular) with features of the 5th or 6th century Byzantine Empire. Other works

Quite different is <mask>'s nuclear war novel Doomsday Wing. It shares many plot elements with the more famous film Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, but with reversed allegiances — where the film depicted a fanatic anti-Communist American general initiating an attack on the Soviet Union on his own initiative, in the <mask> novel there is a fanatic Russian Communist attacking America without any authorization. <mask>'s soft-core erotic novel, The Coming of the Rats (vt, Virgin Mistress) begins just before atomic bombs hit the United States and becomes a survivalist novel where the hero and his mates fight mutated rats. The soft-core erotic "St. Germain" and "Jake Reynolds" series (along with others of his oeuvre) use witchcraft and black magic elements for putative fantasy, but remain mainstream works. References

External links

20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
American science fiction writers
1922 births
1996 deaths
20th-century American male writers

masks:
George Henry Smith
George H
. Smith
George O
. Smith
George H
. Smith
George Henry Smith
Smith
Jane Deer Smith
George Devlin
Robert Hadley
Jan Hudson
Holt Standish
Hal Stryker
Hank Stryker
Sherlock Holmes
Smith
Smith
Smith


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<mask> (born 2 December 1994) is an English professional footballer who plays as a forward for  club Barnsley. He made his debut in the Football League for Southend United in September 2013. <mask> previously played for Conference Premier club Luton Town, for whom he made three appearances in the FA Trophy as a 16-year-old. While a Luton player in 2011, he became the first non-League footballer to be capped at youth level for England since the 1970s. Club career

Early life and career
<mask> was born in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, where he attended Hemel Hempstead School. His father, Martin Patching, is a former professional footballer. As a young boy, <mask> trained with Tottenham Hotspur.He joined Buckhurst Hill ahead of the 2007–08 season. He scored eight goals in one of his early games, and played in the team that represented the South of England in the national finals of the Tesco Cup in 2008. Although his team lost in the semi-final, <mask> received the award for best forward in the competition. He went on to join Conference Premier club Luton Town. In the summer of 2010, he was part of their under-15 team that reached the final of a 40-team tournament involving several major European clubs' youngsters, and in September he scored six goals in an FA Youth Cup qualifying match against Cogenhoe United. While still 15, he was an unused substitute for the first team's FA Cup match at Corby Town, and he made his senior debut on 14 December, twelve days after his 16th birthday, as Luton won an FA Trophy first-round replay at Welling United. <mask> played twice more in the FA Trophy: against Uxbridge, he set up the third goal in a 4–0 win, and against Gloucester City, he won the free kick from which Luton scored the only goal of the game to progress to the quarter-final.He was called up to the England under-17 team for a tournament in Portugal in February 2011. Fulham

Early Fulham career
In March 2011, <mask> signed for Premier League club Fulham for a "six-figure" fee, possibly rising to seven figures depending on the player's future progress; the deal included what Luton's managing director described as "a very healthy sell-on clause". He took up a scholarship with the club in July, after he left school, and signed a two-and-a-half-year professional contract on his 17th birthday. Although injury interrupted his first season, he was still able to contribute to the under-18 team winning the 2011–12 Premier Academy League – he scored in the final as Fulham beat Blackburn Rovers 2–1 – scored twice as Fulham came from behind to eliminate Manchester City from the 2011–12 FA Youth Cup at the last 16 stage, played for the reserve team, and occasionally trained with the first team. A December 2012 feature on Fulham's website listed his strengths as "scoring goals, clever movement and awareness around the box". <mask> was a member of Fulham's under-19 team at the 2013 Dallas Cup. He had a penalty saved but still scored twice as his team beat Kashiwa Reysol's youngsters 5–1 to win the tournament.He captained Fulham's under-18s to a second successive Premier Academy League title in 2013. Ahead of the 2013–14 season, <mask> signed a contract extension until 2016. <mask> made his Premier League debut on 8 March 2014, playing 75 minutes of Fulham's 3–1 defeat to Cardiff City at the Cardiff City Stadium, and scored his first goal for the club in a 2–2 draw against Crystal Palace on the final day of the season. Southend United loan
He joined League Two club Southend United on 2 September 2013 on a one-month loan, and went straight into the starting eleven to make his Football League debut five days later, in a 3–1 home defeat to Morecambe. He played the first hour of the match, and came close to scoring with a header. After two starts and two substitute appearances, <mask>'s loan was extended for a further 28 days. He scored his first senior goals in the Football League Trophy against Dagenham & Redbridge on 8 October.Brought on at half-time with Southend a goal behind, he headed the equaliser from Ben Coker's cross after just six minutes on the field, and three minutes later gave his side the lead when the goalkeeper could only parry Brian Saah's shot. Dagenham & Redbridge scored four times in seven minutes to win 5–2. The loan was extended in November until 4 May 2014, with a further extension if Southend were to reach the play-offs. <mask> was sent off for elbowing an opponent only four minutes after entering the match at Portsmouth as a second-half substitute. Despite the numerical disadvantage, Southend came back from a goal behind at the time of the incident to win 2–1. On Boxing Day 2013, <mask> scored a 75th-minute winner in a 1–0 victory away to AFC Wimbledon after coming off the bench. His loan spell was cut short on 29 January 2014, as Fulham were disappointed with the number of games he had started for Southend.Further loans
Having started only one league match for Fulham in the 2016–17 season, <mask> joined another Championship club, Burton Albion, on 27 January 2017 on loan until the end of the season. He scored his first goal for the club a 2–1 win over Wolverhampton Wanderers on 4 February 2017, with a close-range shot in the fourth minute of stoppage time in. <mask> signed a season-long loan with Bristol City on 17 August 2017. He scored his first goal for Bristol City in a 4–1 win against Derby County on 16 September 2017. Barnsley
Woodrow joined League One club Barnsley on 24 August 2018 on loan until January 2019, ahead of a proposed permanent transfer. He signed for Barnsley permanently on 3 January 2019 on a two-and-a-half-year contract, with the option of a further year in the club's favour, for an undisclosed fee. He signed a new contract in May 2019, running until 2022.<mask> had made clear his desire to leave Oakwell in the upcoming transfer window after a fallout with the clubs supporters and subsequently manager Poya Asbaghi. Both Luton Town and Sheffield United are believed to be leading the race to sign <mask> for a fee suggested to be around £1m. International career
<mask> was called up to the England under-17 team for the 2011 Algarve Tournament in February. When he made his debut, scoring the equalising goal in a 1–1 draw with Romania, he became the first non-League footballer to play for an England youth team since Bob Oates of Ashley Road in 1974. He played in England's other two matches in the tournament, against Germany and Portugal, as a second-half substitute. He was called up to England U21s for the first time in May 2014 for that summer's Toulon Tournament and European qualifiers. Career statistics

Honours
Barnsley
EFL League One runner-up: 2018–19

England U21
Toulon Tournament: 2016

References

External links

Profile at the Barnsley F.C.website

1994 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Hemel Hempstead
Footballers from Hertfordshire
English footballers
England youth international footballers
England under-21 international footballers
Association football forwards
Luton Town F.C. players
Fulham F.C. players
Southend United F.C. players
Burton Albion F.C. players
Bristol City F.C. players
Barnsley F.C. players
English Football League players
Premier League players

masks:
Cauley Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow
Woodrow


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<mask> (September 22, 1910 – January 25, 1981) was an American structural engineer and academic, who is widely considered one of the founding fathers of earthquake engineering. He was awarded the National Medal of Science for engineering. Early life
<mask> was born in Plainfield, New Jersey to a Jewish couple, Abraham and <mask>. After receiving his early education in North Carolina and New Jersey, he went on to attend Rutgers University. <mask> graduated from Rutgers in 1930 earning high honors and special honors in civil engineering. He married Anne Cohen in 1931. <mask> then attended graduate school at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, where he worked under Hardy Cross, Harold M. Westergaard, and Frank E. Richart.At the University of Illinois
In 1932 he received a M.S. degree and in 1934 a Ph.D. degrees for thesis titled Interaction between rib and superstructure in concrete arch bridges, in civil engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. After graduating from UIUC, <mask> was appointed to many prestigious positions in the department. He became Research Professor of Civil Engineering in 1943. He served as Chairman of the Digital Computer Laboratory of the University from 1947 to 1957 and in 1956 he was appointed head of the Civil Engineering Department and held the position until 1973. <mask> held many important leadership positions and the reputation of the longest tenure on the University Research Board. He continued as a professor there until he retired with a rank of Professor Emeritus.Under his leadership, the program at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign soared to new heights. The civil engineering laboratory on campus now bears his name. <mask> was the advisor or coadvisor of the following students who completed their Ph.D. in Civil Engineering, Graduate College, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign:

Achievements
During World War II <mask> consulted for the National Defense Research Committee and the Office of Scientific Research and Development, for which in 1948 he received the President's Certificate of Merit. He served on numerous Department of Defense boards and panels, with major contributions to the Minute Man and MX missile systems. In 1959, <mask> introduced what became known as the Newmark-beta method of numerical integration used to solve differential equations. The method is still widely used in numerical evaluation of the dynamic response of structures and solids, such as in Finite element analysis. He later helped to develop the first digital computers, the ILLIAC II, which was one of the first transistorized computers.It was also designed to use transistors that were not even invented yet. The ILLIAC-II eventually led to the development of computer software for engineering. Another of Newmark's achievements was the Torre Latinoamericana (Latin American Tower) in Mexico City, Mexico, the tallest building in Mexico City until 1984. <mask> was the consulting engineer on the project. He designed the building to be supported by the muddy soil underneath the structure and be able to withstand earthquakes. The design was put to the test in 1957 when an earthquake struck the city, and again in the stronger earthquake of 1985. The Torre Latinoamericana withstood the quakes and is still standing today as a witness of progress in earthquake engineering.He also developed the seismic design criteria for other large projects including the Bay Area Rapid Transit System, Trans-Alaska Pipeline System, the proposed Alaskan Natural Gas Pipeline, and about 70 nuclear power plants. Throughout his career <mask> developed a simple, yet powerful and widely used method for analyzing complex structural components and assemblies under a variety of conditions of loading and for calculating the stresses and deformations in soil beneath foundations. He also was an engineer on the construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline. Since there was an oil and energy shortage, high unemployment rate, and high inflation in the 1970s, the country had to do something to help conserve and utilize the natural resources available to them inside the country. Once oil was discovered in Alaska, there was a need for a design to get the oil quickly and efficiently down to the refineries. The Alaskan terrain offered many diverse challenges for a normal underground pipeline, thus <mask> was consulted to design sections of the pipeline near the fault lines. Since <mask> had done numerous studies on the effect of earthquakes on structures, he had the ideal background to tackle such a revolutionary feat.<mask> also made significant contributions to geotechnical engineering. He developed a new method, named after him (<mask>'s sliding block method)  of calculating displacements in earth dams and slopes due to earthquakes. His work was acknowledged with an invitation to deliver the 5th Rankine Lecture of the British Geotechnical Association, entitled Effects of earthquakes on dams and embankments. The American Concrete Institute awarded <mask> the Wason Medal for Most Meritorious Paper in 1950. In 1968, he was recipient of the National Medal of Science for Engineering Sciences. He was elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1962), and received the 1979 John Fritz Medal and several other awards. The American Society of Civil Engineers has named a medal after him, which is awarded "to a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers who, through contributions in structural mechanics, has helped substantially to strengthen the scientific base of structural engineering."In 1964 he contributed to the founding the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and two years later became a member of National Academy of Sciences (NAS). Hardy Cross
Hardy Cross, who <mask> worked under at the University of Illinois in Urbana, developed the moment distribution method. It enabled designers to calculate statically indeterminate frames of reinforced concrete. <mask> looked up to Cross; in Cross's book Arches, Continuous Frames, Columns and Conduits, <mask> wrote the introduction, in which he tells how much he enjoyed the classes taught by Cross and how they would sometimes walk home together after classes and discuss engineering principles. References

External links
 National Academy of Engineering memorial tribute
 British Geotechnical Association - Rankine Lecturers

IStructE Gold Medal winners
1910 births
1981 deaths
20th-century American engineers
Earthquake engineering
Jewish American scientists
National Medal of Science laureates
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign faculty
Founding members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Rankine Lecturers
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
20th-century American Jews

masks:
Nathan Mortimore Newmark
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Mollie Newmark
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<mask> (, <mask>v;  – 18 August 1995) was a Soviet economist, lawyer and politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs. He joined the abortive plot to oust Nikita Khrushchev from power in 1957, and was denounced and removed from power. Rehabilitated after Khrushchev's downfall, he lived a largely obscure retirement. Childhood
<mask> was born in Askhabad in (current capital of Turkmenistan) the Transcaspian Oblast of the Russian Empire in a working-class family of Russian ethnicity. He graduated from the Law School of the Moscow State University in 1926 and was sent to work in Yakutsk, where he worked as a deputy prosecutor and acting prosecutor for Yakutia. In 1928–1929 <mask> worked as an assistant regional prosecutor in Smolensk. In 1931–1933 <mask> studied at the Institute of Red Professors in Moscow while simultaneously working as the "responsible secretary" of the magazine On the Agrarian Front.After graduating in 1933, <mask> was made head of the political department of a sovkhoz. In 1935 he was made Deputy Chief of the Sector of Agricultural Science of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. In 1937 <mask> became a Doctor of Science and was made the Scientific Secretary of the Institute of Economics of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. He also taught economics in Moscow's colleges between 1937 and 1941. Shortly after the beginning of Operation Barbarossa, <mask> joined the Soviet People's Militia (Narodnoe Opolcheniye) in July 1941 and was a Political commissar of its Moscow component during the Battle of Moscow in 1941–1942. In 1942–1943 he was the political commissar of the 23rd Guards Army and in 1944–1946 of the 4th Guards Army, ending the war with the rank of Major General. Between May 1945 and February 1946, <mask> was one of the top Soviet officials in Vienna during the early stages of the Soviet occupation of eastern parts of Austria.Early career
In February 1946, <mask> was appointed deputy head of the Propaganda and Agitation Department of the Soviet Army's Main Political Directorate. On 2 August 1946 he became the head of the propaganda department of the main Communist Party daily Pravda. In mid-1947, the head of the Propaganda and Agitation Department of the Communist Party Central Committee Georgy Aleksandrov and his deputies were subject to public criticism for being insufficiently vigilant and removed from their positions. <mask> was appointed deputy chief of the Department on 18 September 1947. Since the new department head, Mikhail Suslov, had other responsibilities, <mask> had almost complete control of the Department's day-to-day operations. One of his first tasks was to assist Zhdanov in disciplining the Soviet Union two greatest living composers, <mask> Shostakovich and Sergei Prokofiev. He selected Shostakovich's Eighth and Ninth Symphonies and Prokofiev's opera War and Peace as the worst examples of what was wrong with Soviet music.While in Moscow, <mask>—famous for his near-eidetic memory, erudition and polished manners (reputedly, he could sing the whole of Tchaikovsky's opera The Queen of Spades from memory)—became an expert on Communist ideology and a protégé of Joseph Stalin's chief of Communist ideology Andrei Zhdanov. The appointment of Yuri Zhdanov, Andrei Zhdanov's son, to lead the Propaganda Department's Science Sector on 1 December 1947 put <mask> in the delicate position of supervising his patron's son. The situation was made even more delicate by the fact that Yuri Zhdanov had just married Joseph Stalin's daughter Svetlana and the fact that Andrei Zhdanov, Stalin's closest advisor at the time, had many enemies in the Soviet leadership. When in April 1948 <mask> approved Yuri Zhdanov's speech critical of Soviet biologist and Stalin favorite Trofim Lysenko, it started an intense political battle between Andrei Zhdanov on the one hand and his rivals who were using the episode to discredit Zhdanov. On 1 July 1948, Zhdanov's main rival, Georgy Malenkov, took over at the Communist Party Secretariat while Zhdanov was sent on a two-month vacation, where he died. <mask>, however, not only survived this change at the top, but even improved his position and was appointed as the next head of the Propaganda and Agitation Department on 10 July 1948. He also survived the next round of the intra-Party struggle associated with the removal and later execution of the Politburo member Nikolai Voznesensky.However, on 14 July 1949, he was censured by the Central Committee for allowing the Party's main theoretical magazine Bolshevik to publish  Voznesensky's book on economics back when Voznesensky was still in power. In 1952 Stalin put <mask> in charge of writing a new Soviet economics textbook based on Stalin's recently published treatise Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR. On 18 November 1952, after the 19th Communist Party Congress, <mask> was appointed editor-in-chief of Pravda. Khrushchev's theoretician
After Stalin's death in March 1953, <mask> became an ally and protégé of the new Soviet Communist Party leader Nikita Khrushchev, providing ideological support in the latter's struggle with the Soviet prime minister Georgy Malenkov. He was made a Corresponding Member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences the same year. While Malenkov argued in favor of producing more consumer goods, <mask> emphasized the role of h
 and defense industries and characterized Malenkov's position as follows:

In February 1955 Malenkov was ousted as prime minister while <mask> was elected one of the Secretaries of the Central Committee on 12 July 1955. He retained his Pravda post and became a senior Communist theoretician, contributing to Khrushchev's famous "secret speech" denouncing Stalin at the 20th Party Congress in February 1956.Minister of Foreign Affairs
Even though his field was Marxist-Leninist theory, <mask> soon began to branch out into foreign policy. In late May 1955 he accompanied Khrushchev and the new Soviet prime minister Nikolai Bulganin to Yugoslavia to end the confrontation between the two countries which had begun in 1947–1948. According to Veljko Mićunović, then a member of the Yugoslav leadership:

At a lunch with Tito in 1955, Khrushchev several times asked <mask> to confirm an incident he had just described. "<mask> would remove the table napkin," Micunovic recalled, "stand up from the table, and as though he were reporting officially, would reply: 'Just so, Nikita Sergeyevich!' and sit down again. I found such behavior on <mask>'s part most unusual, as I did Khrushchev's in tolerating it". In July 1955 <mask> traveled to Egypt for talks with the Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser and secured an arms deal, which meant de facto Soviet recognition of Egypt's military regime and paved the way for subsequent Soviet-Egyptian alliance.It also signaled the Soviet Union's new found flexibility in dealing with non-Communist Third World countries in marked contrast to the intransigence of Stalin's years. On 27 February 1956, after the Soviet Communist Party's 20th Congress, <mask> was made a candidate (non-voting) member of the Central Committee's Presidium (the Politburo's name in 1952–1966). On 1 June 1956, <mask> replaced Vyacheslav Molotov as the Soviet foreign minister. He gave up his Pravda post, but remained a Secretary of the Central Committee until 24 December. In early June 1956 <mask> went back to Egypt and offered Soviet assistance in building the Aswan Dam, which was eventually accepted after a competing American-World Bank offer was withdrawn in July 1956 in the context of general deterioration of Western-Egyptian relations. On 27 July 1956, one day after Nasser announced the nationalization of the Suez Canal Company, <mask> met the Egyptian ambassador to the Soviet Union and offered general support for Egypt's position, which Khrushchev made official in his 31 July speech. Although the Soviet Union, as a signatory to the Constantinople Convention of 1888, was invited to the international conference on the Suez issue to be held in London in mid-August, <mask> at first hesitated to accept the offer.However, once the decision to go was made, he led the Soviet delegation at the conference. Although the conference adopted the American resolution on the internationalization of the Suez Canal 18 votes against 4, <mask> succeeded in striking an alliance with India, Indonesia and the Dominion of Ceylon as directed by the Soviet leadership. <mask> represented the Soviet Union at the UN Security Council during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution and the Suez Crisis in October–November 1956, although all important political decisions were made by Khrushchev and other top Soviet leaders. Post-Ministership and resignation
On 14 February 1957 <mask> was once again made Secretary of the Central Committee responsible for Communist ideology and the next day, Andrei Gromyko replaced him as the Soviet foreign minister. In his new capacity, <mask> oversaw the Second Composers' Congress in March 1957, which re-affirmed the decision of the First Congress (January 1948) to denounce <mask> Shostakovich and other formalist composers. While delivering his speech to musicians, <mask> mispronounced the name of the 19th century composer Rimsky-Korsakov, putting the stress on the syllable 'sak', which inspired Shostakovich to compose, privately, a satirical cantata The Anti-formalist Rayok (Peepshow) later that year (published in 1989). Its leading characters, Edinitsyn, Dvoikin, and Troikin (Onesyn, Twokin and Threekin) are transparently caricatures of Stalin, Zhdanov, and <mask>.<mask> also denounced jazz and rock music at the Congress, warning against "wild cave-man orgies" and the "explosion of basic instincts and sexual urges". <mask> was the only Central Committee Secretary to oppose Khrushchev in June 1957 when a majority of the Presidium members tried to oust Khrushchev during the so-called Anti-Party Group affair. He reportedly joined the plot at the last moment when Lazar Kaganovich assured him that the plotters had a majority in the Presidium When Khrushchev prevailed at the Central Committee meeting, he was furious over what he saw as <mask>'s betrayal, and denounced him as 'Shepilov-who-joined-them'. <mask> was ousted from the Central Committee on 29 June 1957 and vilified in the press along with Molotov, Malenkov and Kaganovich, the only 3 other Soviet leaders whose participation in the coup attempt was made public at the time. <mask> was friend of Marshal Georgy Zhukov and perhaps that was one of the reasons why a few months later Zhukov himself was removed from the office. After losing his Central Committee positions, <mask> was sent to Kyrgyzstan to head the Economics Institute of the local Academy of Sciences, but was soon demoted to deputy director. In 1960 he was recalled to Moscow, expelled from the Soviet Academy of Sciences and sent to the Soviet State Archive (Gosarkhiv) to work as a clerk, where he remained until his retirement in 1982.Following a second wave of denunciations of the "Anti-Party Group" at the 22nd Communist Party Congress in November 1961, <mask> was expelled from the Communist Party on 21 February 1962. In 1976 he was allowed to re-join the Communist Party, but remained on the sidelines. When Khrushchev was ousted as the Soviet leader in October 1964, <mask> began working on his memoirs, a project which he continued intermittently until circa 1970. His papers were lost after his death at age 89 in Moscow, but were eventually found and published in 2001. As a young man, Marion Barry chose "<mask>" as his middle name. It is said that this was done in honor of the Soviet politician, but the reasons have been disputed. References

Bibliography

Autobiography

In English
Speech at the 20th Congress of the C. P. S. U., 15 February 1956, Moscow, Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1956, 28 p.
The Suez Problem, Moscow, Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1956, 95p.In Russian
Obshchestvennoe i lichnoe v kolkhozakh, 1939, 79p. Velikij sovetskij narod, Moscow, 1947, 47p. I. V. Stalin o kharaktere ekonomicheskikh zakonov sotsializma, Moscow, Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stwo politicheckoj literatury, 1952, 35p. Pechat' v bor'be za dal'nejshij pod'em sel'skogo hozyajstva, Moscow, Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo politicheckoj literatury, 1954, 63p. Za dal'nejshij rastsvet sovetskogo hudozhestvennogo tvorchestva, 1957, 31p. <mask>. "Vospominaniia" in Voprosy istorii 1998, no.4. Шепилов Д.Т. Непримкнувший. Воспоминания Издательство «ВАГРИУС», 2001. Biography
 K.A. Zalessky. Imperiya Stalina.Biograficheckij Entsiklopedicheskij slovar'. Moscow, Veche, 2000. 1905 births
1995 deaths
Corresponding Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Russian male journalists
Institute of Red Professors alumni
Moscow State University alumni
People from Ashgabat
People from Transcaspian Oblast
Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union candidate members
Soviet Ministers of Foreign Affairs
Soviet newspaper editors
Turkmenistan people of Russian descent
Pravda people
Head of Propaganda Department of CPSU CC

masks:
Dmitri Trofimovich Shepilov
Dmitrij Trofimovič Šepilo
Dmitri Shepilov
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<mask> AO FAHA (30 December 1925 – 2 June 2014) was an Australian philosopher and public intellectual. He taught and wrote on a wide range of areas including the philosophy of religion and the role of the Church in a liberal democratic society; Australian Aboriginal culture and religions; European philosophy from medieval to continental; bioethics and modern science’s role in society; and the philosophy of education. In 1990, he was made an Officer of the Order of Australia for his contributions to Australian society in the fields of education and bioethics. <mask> has been described as "exceptional among Australian philosophers for his integrity, for his capacity to change and develop as the balance of evidence shifted, and for his willingness to pioneer new developments." Biography
<mask> was born in Numurkah, Victoria on 30 December 1925, the younger son of William and <mask>. He was educated at government schools in Numurkah, and then at Assumption College, Kilmore. <mask> moved to Melbourne to study at the University of Melbourne, obtaining a Bachelor of Arts with honours in 1946 and a Masters of Arts in 1948.<mask> was awarded the first Mannix Travelling Scholarship for overseas study in 1950, the same year he married <mask> (née Armstrong). However, having contracted tuberculosis, <mask> was forced to delay taking up the scholarship and spent the next two years at the Gresswell Sanatorium in Victoria. After recovering, <mask> followed the advice of his mentor, Professor Alexander Boyce Gibson and continued his postgraduate studies in 1953 at the Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) in Belgium. This decision was based on the University's reputation for excellence in both theology and contemporary continental philosophy. He was attracted in particular by the archives of Edmund Husserl, the German phenomenologist, which were based at UCL, and planned to write his dissertation on phenomenology. However his PhD supervisor, Professor Georges van Riet, insisted that <mask> undertake instead a critical study of linguistic analysis, bringing <mask> into productive contact with leading Wittgensteinian philosophers such as Elizabeth Anscombe and Peter Geach. <mask> gained his Doctorate in Philosophy, avec la plus grande distinction, from UCL in 1955 and was then appointed to a lectureship at the University of Auckland in 1956.<mask>'s first book, Philosophy and Linguistic Analysis, which was based on his PhD, was published in 1959, the same year he was appointed to the Philosophy Department at the University of Melbourne. Over the next sixteen years at Melbourne, <mask> initiated a broad philosophical syllabus. He introduced a course on the philosophy of religion, to the dismay of many in the university community who thought the study of religion was inappropriate in a secular institution. <mask> also established a course in Medieval philosophy, a subject largely ignored in Australian philosophical circles until that point. Perhaps most controversially, he introduced a course on continental philosophy, encountering scepticism from his colleagues, the majority of whom were analytic philosophers. During his time at Melbourne University, <mask> was also a Nuffield Fellow at the Warburg Institute in London from 1963 until 1964 and a Visiting Professor at the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, United States between 1968 and 1969. <mask> served as Chair of the Philosophy Department from 1974-1975 and was appointed Foundation Dean of Humanities at the new Deakin University in Geelong in 1975.At Deakin <mask> created a distinctive philosophy department with interests in psychoanalytic theory, continental philosophy, religious studies, and Indian philosophy. He retired in 1990, and was appointed as Emeritus Professor. During his time at Deakin, <mask> became a Visiting Professor at the Fondation Maison des Sciences de l’Homme in 1980. He was a Visiting Professor at his alma mater, the Université Catholique de Louvain, in 1972 and again in 2006. <mask>’s influence extended beyond the academy; he believed that philosophy should concern itself less with arcane technicalities and more with the problems facing society. An example of his influence is his role as Chairman of the Victorian Consultative Committee for the United Nations International Year of Peace in 1986. <mask> served on the National Consultative Committee on Bioethics as well as in the Victorian Government's Standing Committee on Infertility.He was also the Chair of the Advisory Committee for the Monash University's Centre for Human Bioethics from 1987-1990, before becoming the Director of the National Institute for Law, Ethics and Public Affairs at Griffith University in Queensland from 1992-1994. <mask> is also one of only two Australian philosophers (the other being John Passmore) to be invited to deliver the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's annual Boyer lectures. In 1989, his series of lectures, entitled Life, Death, Genes and Ethics: Biotechnology and Bioethics, focussed on the dilemmas in bioethics. For his contributions to Australian society in education and bioethics, <mask> was made and Officer of the Order of Australia in 1990. He was also elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities. As a Catholic influenced by the ideas of John Henry Newman, John Stuart Mill, and John Courtney Murray, <mask> had a strong commitment to the pivotal role of conscience in both religion and public life. This sometimes put him at odds with the hierarchy of the Australian Catholic Church.<mask> opposed the anti-communist 'Movement' during the 1950s and 1960s, led by B. A. Santamaria’s. He considered that the Movement's insistence that Christian values should have a privileged place in society distorted the proper relationship between Church and State. <mask> aired his critique in the pages of the Catholic Worker, a journal he co-edited with Tony Coady in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The journal was denounced by members of the Catholic clergy and its distribution in Churches forbidden. Integrating his liberal philosophy with a progressive social vision, <mask> and other contributors to the Catholic Worker questioned the moral case for the Vietnam War and Catholic teachings on contraception, abortion, and divorce among others. Some of this intellectual activism was inspired by developments in Vatican II, with the Council’s more accommodating and open attitudes to other religions and to the non-religious.Indeed, in 1970, <mask> was appointed to the Vatican’s Secretariat for Non-Believers. <mask>'s co-founded of the academic journal Sophia with Graeme E. de Graaff  in 1962 to promote study of philosophy of religion. <mask> was the co-editor of the journal from its inception until 1990. In 2012, the journal published a special 50th anniversary volume celebrating <mask> and his work, in which <mask> himself wrote an article entitled "Translating Religious Texts." <mask> died in 2014 survived by his wife, Stephanie, their seven children, and eleven grandchildren. After his death, <mask> was awarded a posthumous Honorary Doctorate of Letters in 2014 from Deakin University "for distinguished academic services in the fields of education, humanities and bioethics." Foundation House, the Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Tourture, of which <mask> was a founding patron, also instituted the annual <mask> Oration lecture series in his honour.Philosophy
<mask> was classically trained in philosophy, but his approach to its practice was unusual for the time in Australia. He emphasised the importance of philosophical engagement in current social dilemmas and presentation of philosophical ideas accessibly. <mask> had a pluralistic approach to both philosophy and religion, which shaped his ideas on life in liberal democratic societies. This pluralism prompted <mask> to work on a wide range of topics. As he grew older he became less inclined to study concepts themselves and more inclined to study how knowledge is constructed and by whom. Religion
While <mask> was brought up as a Catholic, he came to challenge orthodox views on the relationship between Church and State. <mask> was not solely interested in Catholicism or even just the greater Christian tradition: he had a fundamental curiosity in the variety of the world’s religions, how they worked, and why.He examined the way different religions responded to basic ethical questions, producing a children’s book, illustrated by Robert Ingpen, entitled Religious Worlds. Wayne Hudson has noted that "without abandoning his personal Catholicism, [<mask>] embraced the more stringent implications of pluralism within the framework of liberal political philosophy". He came indeed to see all religions as creative inventions. Australian Aboriginal culture
<mask> wrote much on Australian Aboriginal land rights, cultures, and religious traditions. Working with anthropologists, <mask> insisted that Aboriginal religions should be taken seriously in their own right as systems of spiritual meaning rather than simply as cultural artefacts. This was an aspect of his attempts to influence the way that Australian Settler society understood Aboriginal society. European philosophy
From medieval philosophy <mask> identified religious thinkers with modern relevance.He translated and commented on St. Anselm's Proslogion as well as "The World Order", the 15th volume of St. Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologiae from the original Latin. The role of translation continued to fascinate <mask> and his last article, written in 2012 for Sophia, was on the problems of translating religious texts. <mask> was also engaged by contemporary European philosophies, from existentialism to postmodernism. In 1975, <mask> produced a series of radio programmes for the ABC, which were later turned into a book, called The Existentialists and Jean-Paul Sartre. These broadcasts introduced an Australian audience to the main tenets of existentialism, including through interviews with Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir, as well as various critiques. Bioethics and the social role of science
The 1980s saw the development of new scientific technologies affecting human life, including assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilisation and surrogacy. Debates about the ethical implications of these technologies were polarised between some scientists arguing for freedom in experimentation and some religious groups, contending for restraints on these developments in line with religious beliefs.<mask> attempted to bridge the divide between the two groups, while acknowledging the difficulty of resolving ethical issues in a liberal democratic society where there exists no common standard of morality. These ideas are most fully developed in his ABC Boyer Lectures Life, Death, Genes and Ethics: Biotechnology and Bioethics. <mask> was also concerned with the social role of modern science. He wrote on the effect of science in society, and on the nature of scientific communities themselves, co-authoring Life Among the Scientists. This was an anthropological study of scientists at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Melbourne. Education
<mask> wrote extensively on the philosophy of education, particularly the role of universities in modern society. As Foundation Dean of Humanities at Deakin University in Geelong, <mask> worked to make higher education available to mature-age students and others who found access difficult, developing a model influenced by the Open University in the UK.<mask> devised interdisciplinary courses that brought many apparently disparate philosophical fields together. The idea was not to train professional philosophers but to allow philosophy to make a significant difference in people’s lives beyond the university. This same ethos motivated <mask>'s 2007 book Philosophy for Beginners. Select bibliography

Religion
 Philosophy of Religion: The Historic Approaches, Herder and Herder, New York, 1972. Religious Worlds, Hill of Content Publishing, Melbourne, 1985. (With Robert Ingpen as illustrator)

 ‘Augustine and Aquinas: Church and State’, in Political Thinkers, ed. David Muschamp, 1986, pp.39–50. 'Ecumenism between the world religions’, Sophia, vol. 34, no. 1, 1995, pp.140-160. Religious Inventions: Four Essays, Cambridge University Press, 1997. Philosophy and Religion: from Plato to Postmodernism, One World, Oxford, 2002. A Democratic Church: Reforming the Values and Institutions of the Catholic Church, John Garratt Publishing, Melbourne, 2008.Australian Aboriginal studies

 The Aboriginal Land Rights Movement, Hodja Educational Resources Cooperative, 1984. Religion in Aboriginal Australia : an anthology, University of Queensland Press, 1984. (as co-editor with Howard Morphy, Diane Bell, & Kenneth Maddock)
 Ancestor Spirits: Aspects of Australian Aboriginal Life, Deakin University Press, 1990. (co-author with Richard Kimber & Noel Wallace)
 Religious Business: Essays on Australian Aboriginal Spirituality, Cambridge University Press, 1998. (as editor)
 Aboriginal Religions in Australia: An Anthology of Recent Writings, Ashgate, U.K, 2005. (co-editor with Francoise Dussart & Howard Morphy)

Medieval and Continental philosophy

 Philosophy and Linguistic Analysis, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, 1959. St Anselm’s Proslogion, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1965.Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologiae: Volume 15, The World Order: 1a. 110-119, Cambridge University Press, 1970. The Existentialists and Jean Paul Sartre, University of Queensland Press, 1975. Bioethics

 Life, Death, Genes, and Ethics: Biotechnology and bioethics (1989 Boyer lectures), ABC Books, 1989. Life Among The Scientists: An Anthropological Study of an Australian Scientific Community, Oxford University Press, 1989. (co-author with Lindsay Farrell, Terry, Stokes, & David Turnbull)
 Bioethics in a Liberal Society, Cambridge University Press, 1993. (German, Spanish, and Italian translations)
 ‘Whose Body?Feminist Views on Reproductive Technology’, in Troubled Bodies: Critical Perspectives on Postmodernism, Medical Ethics and the Body, ed. Paul Komesaroff, Duke University Press, 1995. 'Don't Blame the ‘Bio’ — Blame the ‘Ethics’: Varieties of (bio) ethics and the challenge of pluralism', Journal of Bioethical Inquiry, vol.2, no1, 2005, pp. 10–17. Education

 'Education and the State', The Australian Catholic Record, July, 1965. 'Education and Cultural Diversity', Melbourne Studies in Education, vol.28, no.1, 1986, pp. 1–13.The Responsibility of Intellectuals : Universities and Society in Australia: The Fourth Charles Joseph LaTrobe Memorial Lecture, La Trobe University, 1978. Philosophy for Beginners, University of Queensland Press, 2007. References

External links
 'Texts and Traditions' - ABC Radio National Encounter programme which includes a section remembering <mask> and his work on translating. 'Life, Death, Genes and Ethics' - Recording of the first part of <mask>'s 1989 ABC Boyer Lecture. 1925 births
2014 deaths
Australian philosophers
20th-century Australian writers
University of Melbourne alumni
University of Auckland faculty
University of Melbourne faculty
University of Notre Dame faculty
Deakin University faculty
Monash University faculty
Griffith University faculty
People from Victoria (Australia)

masks:
Maxwell John Charlesworth
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Mabel Charlesworth
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Stephanie Charlesworth
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Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Charlesworth
Max Charlesworth
Max Charlesworth