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<mask> (born December 30, 1953) is a former American football player and coach. He was the head coach at Stanford University (1995–2001), the University of Notre Dame (2002–2004), and the University of Washington (2005–2008), compiling a career college football record of 76–88–1. Early career
<mask> attended Jacksonville Senior High School in Jacksonville, North Carolina and lettered in football, basketball, and baseball. He went on to Michigan State University, where he played football and baseball and graduated in 1977 with a degree in physical education. <mask> held assistant coaching positions at his alma mater  (1977, 1980–82), Central Michigan University (1978–79), North Carolina State University (1983–85), Rice University (1986–88), and Stanford University (1989–91). When Stanford head coach Dennis Green was hired as the Minnesota Vikings head coach in 1992, <mask> followed him as running backs coach (1992–94). Head coaching positions

Stanford
Following the 1994 season, despite having never been more than a position coach at any level, <mask> returned to Stanford as head coach, succeeding Bill Walsh.In his seven seasons (1995–2001) as coach, he led the Cardinal to a 44–36–1 record and four bowl game appearances. Notably, <mask>’s teams went undefeated (7-0)  against arch-rival California. In 2000, he was presented with the Eddie Robinson Coach of Distinction Award that is given annually to honor "an outstanding college football coach and role model for career achievement". His best team was the 1999 team, which won the school's first outright Pacific-10 Conference title in 29 years and appeared in the 2000 Rose Bowl. <mask>'s 44 wins were the most by a Stanford coach since John Ralston, who left the school for the Denver Broncos of the NFL after the 1971 season. Notre Dame

2002
On December 31, 2001, <mask> was hired as head coach at Notre Dame. <mask> began the 2002  season by going 8–0, and went on to become the only first-year coach in Notre Dame history to win 10 games.For his efforts, he was named the ESPN/Home Depot College Coach of the Year, the Scripps College Coach of the Year, the Black Coaches Association Male Coach of the Year, and the George Munger Award College Coach of the Year by the Maxwell Football Club. In the 2002 regular-season finale, ND was blown out by arch-rival USC, 44–13, and was outgained 610–109—the worst such margin in school history. That loss knocked ND from a likely Bowl Championship Series berth down to the 2003 Gator Bowl—where they were beaten by North Carolina State, 28–6. 2003
The 2003 team finished 5–7 and was beaten badly in four of those losses, getting shut out twice in one season for the first time since 1960 and finishing with a point differential of 243–315—the worst of any Fighting Irish team since the 2–8 team of 1956. 2004
In 2004, Notre Dame posted a 6–5 record in the regular season, including a 41–16 loss to Purdue (the second-worst home loss ever to Purdue) and ending with <mask>'s third consecutive loss to USC for his fifth loss by 30 points or more, and eighth by 22 points or more, in his three seasons. The following Tuesday, November 30, after an overall record in South Bend of 21–15 (an 8-0 start followed by a 13-15 finish), Notre Dame terminated <mask> as head coach. Defensive coordinator Kent Baer served as acting head coach for the Insight Bowl, a 38–21 loss to Oregon State.Washington
On December 13, 2004, <mask> was hired as the new head coach at Washington, succeeding Keith Gilbertson. The Huskies returned 19 of 22 starters from the previous season, in which they had gone 1–10 (0–8 in conference play). <mask>'s primary task was to change the program's image, which had been marred by off-the-field legal problems under Rick Neuheisel. He instituted a strict hair policy and was known to occasionally show up in his players' classes unannounced to make sure they were attending. 2005
As chance would have it, <mask> found himself facing his former team on September 24, 2005. Notre Dame prevailed, 36–17. His first season at Washington ended with a 2–9 record (1–7 in conference play, tied for 9th place), capped by a scuffle after a close loss to Washington State.2006
His 2006 Washington team started October with a 4–1 record, with its most notable victory a stunning 29–19 upset over previously undefeated UCLA, before losing its next 6 games after starting quarterback Isaiah Stanback suffered a season-ending foot injury in a loss to Oregon State in their sixth game. The Huskies ended the season at 5–7 (3–6 in conference play, 9th place), this time defeating state rival Washington State (WSU) by three points. This win held WSU from defeating the Huskies for three years in a row, something that has never happened in the history of the century-long rivalry. 2007
The 2007 Washington Huskies football team faced what a preseason CBS Sports opinion piece called "the toughest schedule in the country"  Washington went on to a 4–9 record overall (2–7 in conference play, 10th place) with wins against Syracuse, Boise State, Stanford, and California. There was considerable debate after the season over whether <mask> should be fired as no other coach in the history of the program had ever tallied three straight losing seasons. Washington State won the Apple Cup again, making it three out of the last four. In the end, it was decided that he would return for the upcoming season with the expectation that the team become more competitive.Additionally, several boosters were pleased at <mask>'s effort to clean up the program. 2008
<mask>'s stiff demeanor resulted in a somewhat acrimonious relationship with fans, boosters, and the Seattle media. The turning point came at the end of his third (losing) season when there was a big question as to whether he would be retained. However, President Emmert gave him a vote of confidence and he was retained for a fourth year. The 2008 season started off inauspiciously with #21 Oregon defeating Washington 44–10. This marked the first time Oregon had ever beaten Washington five times in a row in the history of the century-long rivalry. The second game against #15 BYU was a nail biter and Washington scored the final touchdown in the final minute.The PAT would have tied the game, however an unsportsmanlike conduct penalty was called against quarterback Jake Locker who had thrown the ball up in the air in celebration after scoring the touchdown. This moved the PAT attempt to 35 yards which was blocked and the BYU escaped with a 28–27 victory. In the next game, the Huskies were dismantled 55–14 by the #3 Oklahoma Sooners, giving the overmatched Huskies their greatest margin of defeat at home since 1929. In the fourth game, the Huskies lost to Stanford leaving them as the only winless team in a BCS conference. The Huskies were without a sack, leaving them as the only school without a sack at this point of the season. It was the second 0–4 start in the last five years and only the fourth time ever in the history of the program. Starting quarterback Jake Locker was lost for the season, injuring his left hand during a block on a reverse.In the fifth game, Arizona put Washington away early and the game ended with a 48–14 wipeout of the Huskies. This was the biggest margin of victory by Arizona over Washington ever, and started a watch of just how bad the team could get. The Huskies had a flat performance in their sixth game to lose to Oregon State 34–13. This was the fifth consecutive loss to the Beavers, something that had never happened in the long history of the series. Game 7 was another loss versus his former team Notre Dame. The Huskies were nearly shutout in suffering a 33–7 loss that left them 0–7 and ineligible for a bowl game yet again. On October 27, 2008, seven games into the 2008 season, <mask> announced that his contract was being terminated and he would be leaving UW after the regular season.Game 8 was a shutout by USC. At 0–11, Washington was the only winless team in the FBS, and the owner of a 13-game losing streak stretching from the last season. Washington closed out the season with a loss at  1–10 Washington State in double-overtime, making it four of the last five, and with a season-ending loss at California. <mask> finished the season with an 0–12 record, the Huskies' first winless season in 119 years. After coaching and family
In 2014, <mask> was named as a member of the College Football Playoff selection committee. <mask> also volunteered as a coach on the Stanford women's golf team in 2011. <mask> served as President on the American Football Coaches Association (AFCA) Board of Trustees in 2008.On July 18, 2010, at the age of 56 and nearly two years after he had coached his last game, <mask> announced he was retired from coaching. <mask> is married and has three children, Cassidy, Kelsey and Nathaniel, with his wife, Kim. Cassidy was a gymnast at the University of Denver and Kelsey was a softball player at the University of California at Santa Barbara. Head coaching record

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References

1953 births
Living people
American football quarterbacks
Central Michigan Chippewas football coaches
College Football Playoff Selection Committee members
Michigan State Spartans football coaches
Michigan State Spartans football players
Minnesota Vikings coaches
NC State Wolfpack football coaches
Notre Dame Fighting Irish football coaches
Rice Owls football coaches
Stanford Cardinal football coaches
Washington Huskies football coaches
People from Kinston, North Carolina
Coaches of American football from North Carolina
Players of American football from North Carolina
African-American coaches of American football
African-American players of American football

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Count <mask>,  (18 January 1913 – 6 October 1962) was a Royal Air Force pilot and later an operative with the Special Operations Executive in the Second World War. Early life

<mask> was born to the fourth son of Count <mask>, an Austrian diplomat, and his English wife, the Hon. <mask>, daughter of <mask>, 2nd Baron Grimthorpe. Several years after he was born, his parents were divorced. Young <mask> moved to Italy with his mother, but he was educated in the United Kingdom at Oundle School. In September 1931, he moved to Rhodesia to work on a tobacco plantation. On 26 November 1931, he officially changed his name from Count <mask> to <mask>.However, on 27 November 1936, he changed his name from <mask> to Count <mask> <mask>. Royal Air Force

Czernin returned to the United Kingdom in April 1935 to take up an appointment as an acting pilot officer on a short service commission in the Royal Air Force (RAF). Qualifying as a pilot, he was posted to No. 57 Squadron RAF at RAF Upper Heyford, and he enjoyed several more squadron postings until placed on the Class A Reserve on 16 August 1937. Recalled on the outbreak of hostilities, Czernin passed a fighter pilot assessment course and was posted to No. 504 Squadron at RAF Debden in January 1940. A few days later, he was transferred to No.213 Squadron at RAF Wittering and in May to No.85 Squadron, flying Hurricanes. Like others in the British Expeditionary Force, this unit had a hard time in fighting against the German Luftwaffe. On 16 May <mask> had to walk back to his squadron at Lille Airport after force-landing his aircraft, damaged by a Messerschmitt Bf 109 of 3/JG76. On 19 May he shot down a Heinkel He 111 and two Dornier Do 17, and a Henschel Hs 126 the next day, adding one more Heinkel 111 to his tally on 12 May before he returned again to England on 21 May by boat. Upon his return he was posted to No. 17 Squadron at RAF Martlesham Heath. One of "The Few"

Still with No.17 Squadron, <mask> fought with distinction throughout the Battle of Britain, tallying a Do 17 of II/KG2 on 12 July (shared), which crashed into the sea near a convoy off Orfordness. In the following month he shared a Ju 88 on 21 July and got three Bf 110s (including one shared) on 25 July. Later on, <mask> shot down two more Bf 110s on 3 September, a Bf 109 and two shared Heinkel 111s on 5 September, a Bf 110 on 11 September, a Ju 88 shared on 19 September and one more Bf 110 on 27 September and a Do 17 shared on 24 October. <mask> himself was shot down on 17 November by German ace Adolf Galland in a combat over RAF Wattisham. Despite being wounded, <mask> managed to escape by parachute. His Hurricane crashed just west of Bradfield Church. In May 1941 he was posted to an Operational Training Unit at RAF Debden and promoted to acting squadron leader in December.In February 1942 he was given command of No. 146 Squadron RAF, in India, and later on was posted to HQ No. 224 Group as a Staff Officer. He returned to the United Kingdom to take up a similar posting at HQ No. 28 Group, RAF Uxbridge, until he was recruited by Special Operations Executive (SOE) under the cover of another similar assignment. Special Operations in Italy

<mask> was parachuted into northern Italy, not far from the Austrian border, on the night of 13 June 1944, winning in the process a Military Cross for his decision to go ahead with the jump in spite of dubious signalling from the "welcome party" on the ground: it was not infrequent for the Germans to try to intercept Allied airdrops to get hold of both of men and supplies directed to the Italian Resistance. A fluent speaker of Italian, Czernin operated from a farmhouse in the Tramonti area near Pordenone, and he set up a very effective Partisan network before being picked up by a Lysander special operations aircraft and flown back to Bari at the end of the year.His second mission took place in March 1945 when he parachuted in Lombardy, taking command of the operations that led to the surrender of Bergamo. Post-war

Discharged from the RAF as a squadron leader in October 1945, he became sales manager for Fiat in England, but died suddenly on 6 October 1962. Awards

The citation for Czernin's Distinguished Flying Cross cited his "great keenness in his desire to engage the enemy" and specifically mentioned that in August 1940, "he led his section in a head-on attack on large formations of enemy aircraft, destroying three of them." His citation for the Military Cross reads:

The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) was awarded for activities behind the enemy lines in March to April 1945. Directed to "co-ordinate the various scattered Partisan units into a unified command", which was to "carry out the directions of 15 Army Group" he was parachuted in. To reach the Bergamasco area he had to cross the  Passo del Diavolo which was six feet deep in snow. On the move for 24 hours in the cold, he suffered frostbite but crossed it on 4 April – his third attempt.Throughout his "energy and personality" he "quickly built up a large aggressive Partisan Command". The Partisans then began operations on 28 April 1945. Three enemy garrisons surrendered unconditionally, another three were captured or "eliminated". This was followed by the surrender of Bergamo. <mask> and the leader of the Partisans initially demanded unconditional surrender of the Germans. Boldly driving into the city in a car "draped with the Union Jack", they had to withdraw after the Germans fired upon them. He ordered an attack on the city simultaneously with the underground elements within Bergamo.In the morning of 28 April 1945, <mask> obtained the unconditional surrender. The DSO citation said that he "displayed the highest qualities of leadership and by his courage and daring made a notable contribution to the Allied success in North Italy." See also

Czernin von und zu Chudenitz
Rovetta massacre

References

Bibliography

External links

1913 births
1962 deaths
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
Recipients of the Military Cross
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Royal Air Force squadron leaders
Royal Air Force pilots of World War II
Shot-down aviators
British World War II flying aces
British Special Operations Executive personnel
<mask> educated at Oundle School
The Few
Austrian emigrants to Italy
Italian emigrants to the United Kingdom
People from Berlin
People from  Prussia

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<mask> (May 28, 1969 – March 22, 2016) was a Canadian politician and businessman who served as the 64th mayor of Toronto from 2010 to 2014. Before and after his term as mayor, <mask> was a city councillor representing Ward 2 Etobicoke North. He was first elected to Toronto City Council in the 2000 Toronto municipal election, and was re-elected to his council seat twice. His political career, particularly his mayoralty, saw a number of personal and work-related controversies and legal proceedings. In 2013, he became embroiled in a substance abuse scandal, which was widely reported in national and foreign media. Following his admission, <mask> refused to resign, but city council voted to hand over certain mayoral powers and office staff to Deputy Mayor Norm Kelly for the remainder of <mask>'s term. <mask> took a sabbatical and received treatment for his alcohol and drug addiction.Despite the scandal, <mask> initially contested the next mayoral election, scheduled for October 2014, but after being hospitalized and diagnosed with an abdominal tumour in September 2014, <mask> withdrew from the mayoral race and registered instead to run for his old city council seat. John Tory succeeded him as mayor on December 1, 2014, while <mask> regained his former seat. <mask> received treatment for the cancer, and was able to return briefly to council, but died in March 2016 after chemotherapy was ineffective. Early life

<mask> was born in Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada, in 1969, the youngest of the four children (Doug, Kathy, Randy and <mask>) of Ruth Diane ( Campbell) and Douglas Bruce <mask>. His paternal grandparents were English immigrants. His father, along with Ted Herriott, was co-founder of Deco Labels and Tags, which makes pressure-sensitive labels for plastic-wrapped grocery products at an estimated  in annual sales, and was a Progressive Conservative member of the Provincial Parliament (MPP) from 1995 to 1999. <mask> attended Scarlett Heights Collegiate Institute in Etobicoke.He dreamed of becoming a professional football player, and his father paid for him to attend special camps of the Washington Redskins and the University of Notre Dame. After graduating from high school, <mask> went to Carleton University in Ottawa to study political science. He made the football squad, but did not play in any games. He left Carleton after one year to return to Toronto and did not complete his degree. After Carleton, he started a sales job at Deco. After <mask> Sr.'s death in 2006, the <mask> family retained ownership of Deco Labels through the Doug Ford Holdings corporation. <mask>, alongside his brothers and their mother was a director of the company.In August 2000, <mask> married Renata Brejniak, whom he had met in high school, at All Saints Roman Catholic Church in Etobicoke. They had been dating since Brejniak's divorce from her first husband in February 1996. <mask> lived with Renata and their two children, Stephanie and Doug, in Etobicoke until his death in 2016. Political career

City councillor

<mask> served three terms as city councillor from 2000 until October 2010, representing Ward 2 Etobicoke North. During his term as councillor, <mask> was a strong critic of councillors' spending. <mask> was known for his controversial comments and passionate arguments at council. <mask> first ran for Toronto City Council in 1997, placing fourth to Gloria Lindsay Luby in Ward 3 Kingsway-Humber.<mask> ran for councillor in Ward 2 Etobicoke North in the following election in 2000, getting the endorsement of the Toronto Star. <mask> defeated incumbent Elizabeth Brown in what was considered one of several upsets in Etobicoke. According to <mask>, "the people said they wanted change and they got change". Ward 2 is located in the north-west corner of the city in the former city of Etobicoke. The ward's population of over 50,000 in 2006 was 53% composed of immigrants, the largest group being South Asians. It is mixed in nature with 40% of dwellings being single-family detached homes and 35% being high-rise apartments. It is also known as an area that has seen gang violence, including six murders in 2000.<mask> had previously resided in the ward, but moved in 2000 prior to the election, after his marriage, to Ward 4. In 2003, <mask> was re-elected with 80% of the vote in Ward 2, defeating two candidates from the local Somali community. In the 2006 election, Ford won again, defeating Somali-Canadian candidate Cadigia Ali, this time with 66% of the vote. 2001 municipal budget
It was during the 2001 budget deliberations that Ford earned a reputation for passionate speeches. The City of Toronto was facing a several hundred million dollar budget shortfall, enough to require a 32% tax increase after the Government of Ontario shifted the delivery of services from itself to Toronto, who would have to then pay for them. Toronto Mayor Mel Lastman was pleading with other governments for financial assistance. According to Don Wanagas, the National Post City Hall columnist, the other councillors began to dread when <mask> rose to speak."I have to give my head a shake because some of the rhetoric that comes out of the mouths of some of these councillors boggles my mind, I swear.... Get the government out of our backyards. It's ridiculous. Government red tape here. Bureaucratic here. It's nonsense having all this government. And it's nonsense. It's so ridiculous.If you don't like what the province is doing, there's going to be an election in June of '03 – before our election, by the way." Councillor Anne Johnston proposed giving Ford a "neo-con award of the day", while Councillor Joe Pantalone advised Ford to take Prozac. Ford argued against spending money on the suicide prevention barrier on the Prince Edward Viaduct, and spending it instead on rounding up child molesters "who are the main cause of people jumping off bridges". Ford proposed a cut to each councillor's $200,000 office budget, money for travel to conferences, ending city limousine usage and club memberships. According to Ford, "if we wiped out the perks for council members, we'd save $100 million easy." <mask> was one of only four councillors who voted against a 5% increase in property taxes for 2001. <mask> made a point of not using his allotted city budget for his office expenses, paying for the expenses from his salary.He claimed $10 for his first year, and $4 for his second year. In Ford's opinion, "all this office budget stuff is self-promotion to benefit yourself. Why should the taxpayers have to pay for it? It boggles my mind." 2002 municipal budget
During the debates around the 2002 municipal budget, Ford and Councillor Giorgio Mammoliti got in several heated exchanges, where Mammolitti called Ford a "goon" and Ford called Mammolitti a "scammer". The argument got heated to the point where Ford called Mammolitti a "Gino-boy". Mammolitti called the insult a "racist remark" and filed a complaint with the city's human-rights office.Three councillors stated that they heard the insult said by Ford, who denied it. Ford dismissed the councillors stating that they were liars if they thought he had made a racist remark. "I'm a conservative and the majority of people are left-wing and cannot stand my politics." The exchanges led Councillor Pam McConnell to complain about "testosterone poisoning" in the chamber. Ford extended his exchanges outside the chamber with columnist John Barber of The Globe and Mail: "I am not a racist. Anyone who calls me a racist is going to face the consequences! ", to which Barber replied "You are a racist."2003 municipal election
In the 2003 municipal election, Ford endorsed twelve political candidates on a platform of fiscal responsibility to take on fellow councillors: "We just need to get rid of these lifelong politicians that just give out money to special interest groups and don't serve the community. I'm really teed off. We need to get a new council or this city is going to go down the drain." Ford targeted Brian Ashton, Maria Augimeri, Sandra Bussin, Olivia Chow, Pam McConnell, Howard Moscoe and Sherene Shaw. Shaw was defeated by Ford's future budget chief Michael Del Grande, while the rest were re-elected. Ford made a priority of responding to local constituents' problems, often returning calls himself or meeting with city staff to resolve problems. In 2005, local radio station AM 640 tested councillors on their response by having a reporter make an after-hours call to report a pothole.<mask> was one of only three councillors to call back in person, within a day. His zeal in attending to constituents' problems became a competitive rivalry with fellow councillors Howard Moscoe and Gloria Lindsay Luby. In June 2006, Ford spoke out against the city donating $1.5 million to help prevent AIDS, arguing that most taxpayers should not be concerned with AIDS. <mask> publicly apologized for the comments in May 2010 during his mayoral campaign after his opponent, George Smitherman, called Ford's character into question over the remarks. At a council meeting on March 5, 2008, Ford stated "Those Oriental people work like dogs", a remark he later formally apologized for while stating that he meant it as a compliment. On March 7, 2007, Ford spoke out against cyclists sharing roads with motorists, which were "built for buses, cars, and trucks, not for people on bikes". As councillor, <mask> opposed the installation of bike lanes on University Avenue and Jarvis Street and during his election campaign, proposed spending money on off-road cycle paths.Bike lanes were installed on Jarvis in 2010 over the objection of traffic advocates, and Ford made it a priority to get them removed during his campaign. As mayor, he was able to get council to reverse the decision in 2011, a move which was criticized by cycling advocates and led to protests. The Jarvis bike lanes, which cost the city $86,000 to install in 2011, were removed in December 2012 at a cost of $200,000–$300,000. At the same time, physically separated bike lanes on Sherbourne Street were installed. Toronto Cyclist Union president Andrea Garcia praised the Sherbourne lanes installation: "Cities all across North America that are doing way more innovative things for cyclists have been building separated bike lanes for a long time... It's great to finally see Toronto catch up." However, she also regretted the loss of lanes on Jarvis: "People live and work and go to school on both of these streets and they all need a safe way to get to these places."2010 Toronto mayoral election

<mask> was elected mayor with 383,501 votes (47%) over George Smitherman's 289,832 (35.6%) and Joe Pantalone with 95,482 (11.7%). The voter turnout was around 52% of registered voters, the highest in Toronto's post-amalgamation history. Ward-by-ward electoral results showed that Ford had won all of the former pre-amalgamation suburbs, while Smitherman topped districts in the pre-amalgamation Toronto districts. <mask> received 80,000 votes from the "Downtown 13" wards, or 20% of his total votes. <mask> ran on a populist platform of fiscal conservatism and subway expansion. During the campaign, the scandals benefited Ford. After his driving under the influence (DUI) conviction became public, his share of the vote increased 10%.After it was revealed he was banned from high school coaching, he raised  in campaign contributions overnight. Mayor

 After the election, Ford had outgoing councillor Case Ootes, a former City of Toronto budget chief, head the "transition team". From his campaign team, Ford named Nick Kouvalis as his chief of staff; Mark Towhey, who had drafted his campaign platform, as his policy advisor; and Adrienne Batra, his communications advisor, as press secretary. Councillor Doug Holyday, who had helped elect <mask> Sr., was named deputy mayor. For the Executive Committee of City Council, Ford named councillors who had endorsed him in his campaign. For the inauguration ceremony at the first meeting of the new council, Ford had television commentator Don Cherry introduce him and put the chain of office on him. Cherry garnered some controversy with his remarks.Cherry described how Ford had reversed a mistake of city staff cutting down a tree of a Toronto property owner for no good reason and then billing the property owner, who suffered from Alzheimer's. Cherry added "Put that in your pipe you left-wing kooks" and, in regards to the pink suit he was wearing, "I'm wearing pinko for all the pinkos out there that ride bicycles and everything, I thought I'd get it in." At its first meeting in December 2010, the council voted to cancel the annual $60 personal vehicle registration tax passed by the previous council. The tax cancellation, a campaign promise of Ford's, took effect on January 1, 2011. During the first year in office, the council mostly endorsed Ford's proposals. Ford privatized garbage pickup west of Yonge Street. Previously, only Etobicoke had privatized waste removal.Ford's first year as mayor in 2011

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 saw no property tax increase, and subsequent years' increases were less than the rate of inflation. Under Ford, council voted to declare the TTC an essential service. Ford reduced, but was unable to completely remove, the Miller-era land transfer tax. During the summer of 2013, City Council endorsed Ford's plan to cancel the "Transit City" transit plan and build the Scarborough Subway Extension fulfilling one of Ford's main campaign promises. This project was later approved and received funding both provincially and federally. In later years, Council would reject Ford's transit plans, including not putting the Crosstown LRT underground for its entire route. Near the end of Ford's term, Ford's powers were reduced by Council, spurred by Ford's personal problems, most notably reports of a video showing Ford smoking crack cocaine.<mask>'s brother <mask> was the Toronto city councillor for Ward 2 Etobicoke North in Toronto from 2010 to 2014, during <mask>'s term as mayor. 2014 election

<mask> registered on January 2, 2014, as a candidate in the fall's mayoral election. <mask> participated in several debates but went on a leave of absence in May and June to deal with his substance abuse issues after a video surfaced of him smoking crack cocaine. <mask> returned from his leave of absence in July and was polling in second place, behind John Tory and ahead of Olivia Chow. On September 12, 2014, <mask> suddenly withdrew his candidacy due to the discovery of a tumour in his abdomen which was suspected to be, and subsequently confirmed to be cancerous. His brother Doug registered as a mayoral candidate in <mask>'s place and <mask> instead registered as a candidate for city councillor in his old constituency of Ward 2 Etobicoke North. <mask>, with 33% of the vote, was defeated in the October 27 mayoral election by Tory, who received 40%, while <mask> was successful in Ward 2, being elected with 58% of the vote.<mask>'s term as mayor ended on November 30, 2014. He stated that he intended to run for mayor again in 2018. Personal life

Football coaching
<mask> volunteered his time to coach high school football. <mask> first coached at Newtonbrook Secondary School in 2001, until he was dismissed over a dispute with a player. He coached at Don Bosco Catholic Secondary School from 2001 until 2013 when the Toronto Catholic District School Board dismissed him after a controversial television interview led to a review of his coaching. <mask> had donated $20,000 to equip the Don Bosco team and started a foundation, called the Rob Ford Football Foundation, to fund teams at other underprivileged schools struggling to field football teams. In September 2017, Toronto Mayor John Tory, along with Councillor Stephen Holyday and the <mask> family, proposed renaming Centennial Park Stadium to Rob Ford Memorial Stadium to honour <mask>'s coaching.City council rejected the proposal, 24–11 in a vote on October 5, 2017. Domestic disturbances
In 2008, after a 9-1-1 call from the Ford home, he was charged with assault and threatening to kill his wife. The Crown attorney said "there was no reasonable prospect of conviction" because there were "credibility issues" with allegations by <mask>'s wife due to inconsistencies in her statements. <mask> said at the time that he was glad the ordeal was over and that he and his wife had sought marital counselling. In two separate incidents, on October 25, 2011, and again on December 25, 2011, police were called to <mask>'s home to investigate domestic disputes. During the Christmas Day incident, his mother-in-law called 9-1-1 between  local time as she was concerned that <mask> had been drinking and was going to take his children to Florida against his wife's wishes. No charges were filed for either incident.Further domestic incident calls to police occurred in 2012 and on August 27, 2013. Again, no charges were filed. Alcohol and drug addiction

<mask> suffered from alcohol and drug addiction for many years. After the death of his father in 2006, <mask>'s abuse grew and led to public episodes of intoxication, followed by public denials. His episodes were symptomatic of alcohol and drug addiction. His episodes were reported in the media widely and attracted much condemnation. <mask>'s abuse led to him being stripped of much of his powers as Toronto mayor and he later entered drug rehabilitation.On April 15, 2006, <mask> attended a Toronto Maple Leafs hockey game at the Air Canada Centre. According to a couple nearby, <mask> was intoxicated, using profanity, and insulting people. The couple then sent a detailed complaint to the City of Toronto. When confronted about the episode three days later by a National Post reporter, <mask> initially denied having been at the game, but later admitted it. "I'm going through a few personal problems, but it doesn't justify, you know, getting drunk in public and pretty well acting like an idiot if you ask me." The death of <mask>'s father, <mask> Sr., in September 2006 due to cancer has been pinpointed as the time period when <mask> transitioned to crack cocaine in addition to alcohol. A convicted heroin dealer who used to supply <mask>'s sister Kathy recalled a party with Ford around that time.According to reporter <mask> Doolittle, <mask> would come home at night and drink heavily, use hard drugs or prescription pills. During his 2010 mayoral campaign, a 1999 arrest of <mask> in Miami, Florida for DUI and marijuana possession became an election issue when the Toronto Star published details of the arrest. <mask> pleaded no contest to the DUI charge, while the marijuana charge was withdrawn. <mask> was given a fine. When first confronted, <mask> denied it. When presented with the arrest paperwork, <mask> apologized and claimed he had forgotten about it. He then announced at a press conference that he had been charged with failing to provide a breath sample, when he had been arrested and convicted of drunk driving.At Saint Patrick's Day festivities in March 2012, <mask> was "very intoxicated" at City Hall and a downtown restaurant. According to those attending, he held a "wild party" in his office. <mask> knocked down a staffer, insulted others, then went to a restaurant. According to one server, <mask> did cocaine in a private room at the restaurant. After "flailing around" on the restaurant's dance floor, he returned to City Hall by cab, making racial slurs to the driver. <mask> then wandered around City Hall after 2:00a.m. with a bottle of brandy, using profane language at his staffer, Earl Provost, before security arranged for him to be taken home.The incident was revealed in November 2013, after an e-mail from a City Hall security guard describing the incident was found through access to information requests. Ford's staff tried to convince Ford to get treatment for his alcoholism, but he initially refused. Ford was reported smoking marijuana in a shopping plaza parking lot. In February 2013, <mask> attended the Garrison Ball and was reported to be incoherent. His staff ushered him out after an event organizer asked him to leave. In March 2013, Ford was accused of groping former mayoral candidate Sarah Thomson at a social event, and Thomson publicly stated that she thought that he was high on cocaine. It was around that time that Ford was recorded on video smoking crack cocaine, a video which the dealers attempted to sell to the Toronto Star and other media outlets.In April 2014, Ford was involved in another incident at the Air Canada Centre. Ford, along with city budget chief Frank DiGiorgio, was denied access to the Director's Lounge at the Air Canada Centre. He was video-recorded issuing profanities during an argument with the security staff. He later denied being intoxicated, and blamed the incident on voting against a $10 million contribution to MLSE's plan to expand BMO Field. DiGiorgio described Ford as "somewhere between sober and drunk". On August 11, 2016, the original video of <mask> smoking crack cocaine was released from publication ban by the Toronto Police Service after the extortion charge against Sandro Lisi was dropped. The cellphone video was recorded "surreptitiously" by Mohamed Siad in February 2013.The video shows <mask> smoking crack cocaine from a glass pipe. His words are slurred and mostly inaudible during the conversation. Shortly before he admitted smoking crack cocaine, <mask> said, "Whatever this video shows... Toronto residents deserve to see it and people need to judge for themselves what they see on this video." Illness and death
After developing severe abdominal pains, <mask> was admitted to Humber River Regional Hospital in North York in September 2014 with an abdominal tumour, and a biopsy was taken. <mask> announced that he would not run in the 2014 Toronto mayoral election because of his illness; his brother Doug would run in his place. <mask> chose to run for his former Ward 2 seat on the City Council. He was likely to shortly begin treatment with multiple chemotherapy agents; the doctor did not say whether <mask> would need to have surgery or radiation treatments.On September 17, 2014, Dr. Zane Cohen of Mount Sinai Hospital (the lead doctor of Ford's health care team) revealed that Ford had been diagnosed with pleomorphic liposarcoma, a rare form of cancer that arises in adipose tissue (fat). <mask> was treated with chemotherapy and surgery. After chemotherapy and radiation therapy, <mask> announced in a press conference that he was going to have a lengthy surgery done on May 11, 2015, to remove the tumour. He said he would be "out of commission" for four months. At a community barbecue hosted by the <mask> family in 2015, <mask> announced that doctors had cleared him of cancerous tumours. On October 28, 2015, Ford revealed, and his physician confirmed, that a new tumour was growing on his bladder. The next day, <mask> advised reporters that the tumour had been found to be cancerous and consistent with liposarcoma (the previous tumour), based on a CT scan.On March 17, 2016, Ford's office announced he was in the hospital "with his family beside him" as chemotherapy treatment had not been successful, and Ford's health was being reviewed to determine if he could continue treatment. The <mask> family thanked the many who had wished the former mayor well in recent weeks, but requested privacy. A <mask> "get-well-soon" website was set up by the <mask> family to send positive messages to <mask> while he received cancer treatment; it received over 5,000 messages from well-wishers in the first two weeks after its creation. On March 21, 2016, Ford's office confirmed that he had been placed into palliative care at Mount Sinai Hospital. <mask> died the following day, March 22, at the age of 46. After his death, City Hall started an official period of mourning. Flags at municipal buildings were lowered to half-staff; a book of condolences was started at City Hall, chalk was provided for personal messages on the pavement of Nathan Phillips Square, similar to that after the death of Jack Layton; and the 3D Toronto sign was dimmed at the square.Visitations were held at City Hall for two days with the <mask> family present. On March 30, a public funeral service was held at St. James Cathedral followed by a public commemoration of his life at the Toronto Congress Centre in the evening. <mask> was buried at Riverside Cemetery in Etobicoke where his father is also buried. His brothers Doug and Randy took on stewardship of <mask>'s share of Deco Labels and Tags upon his death. Legacy
Supported by the Ward 3 incumbent, Stephen Holyday, and the <mask> family, in September 2017, Toronto Mayor John Tory proposed renaming Centennial Park Stadium after <mask>. The city council rejected the proposed renaming on October 4, 2017. <mask>'s drug scandal was dramatized in the Canadian film Run this Town.See also

 Crazy Town: The <mask> Story, 2014 biography by <mask> Doolittle
 <mask> conflict of interest trial
 Timeline of <mask> video scandal

Notes

References

Sources

Further reading

External links

 City of Toronto profile
 <mask> for Mayor Main Page – 2014 Toronto Mayoral Collection – Web Archive created by the University of Toronto Libraries
 <mask> for Mayor Accomplishments Page – 2014 Toronto Mayoral Collection – Web Archive created by the University of Toronto Libraries
 <mask> for Mayor Photos Page – 2014 Toronto Mayoral Collection – Web Archive created by the University of Toronto Libraries
 <mask> for Mayor Speeches Page – 2014 Toronto Mayoral Collection – Web Archive created by the University of Toronto Libraries
 <mask> for Mayor Videos Page – 2014 Toronto Mayoral Collection – Web Archive created by the University of Toronto Libraries

1969 births
2016 deaths
Businesspeople from Toronto
Canadian people of English descent
Carleton University alumni
Deaths from cancer in Ontario
Deaths from liposarcoma
Mayors of Toronto
People from Etobicoke
Toronto city councillors
Ford political family
Right-wing populism in

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<mask> (born October 28, 1970) is an American playwright, novelist, and screenwriter of Pakistani heritage, awarded the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for Drama. His work has received two Tony Award nominations for Best Play, an Award in Literature from the American Academy of Arts and Letters and the Edith Wharton Citation for Merit in Fiction. <mask>'s writing covers various themes including the American-Muslim experience, religion and economics, immigration, and identity. In 2015, The Economist wrote that <mask>'s tales of assimilation "are as essential today as the work of Saul Bellow, James Farrell, and Vladimir Nabokov were in the 20th century in capturing the drama of the immigrant experience." Background and career
<mask> was born in Staten Island, New York City, and raised in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. His interest in literature was initially sparked in high school. <mask> attended Brown University, where he majored in theater and religion and began acting and directing student plays.After graduation he moved to Italy to work with Jerzy Grotowski, eventually becoming his assistant. Upon returning to the United States, <mask> taught acting alongside Andre Gregory and earned his Master of Fine Arts degree in film directing from Columbia University School of the Arts. In 2012, <mask> published his first novel American Dervish, a coming-of-age story about a Pakistani-American boy growing up in Milwaukee. The book was met with critical acclaim, described by The New York Times as "self-assured and effortlessly told." American Dervish has been published in over 20 languages and was a Kirkus Reviews best book of the year. <mask>'s narration of the audio book was nominated for an Audie Award in 2013. <mask>'s first produced play, Disgraced premiered at the American Theater Company in Chicago before being staged at Lincoln Center Theater in New York.The play went on to win the Obie Award and the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and premiered at the Bush Theatre in London that spring. The play opened on Broadway at the Lyceum Theatre on October 23, 2014, and was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Play. <mask>'s second play The Who & The What premiered at La Jolla Playhouse in February 2014, followed by a run at Lincoln Center Theater in June. The Who & The What has gone on to be produced around the world with notable productions in Berlin, Hamburg, and the Burgtheater in Vienna, Austria. The latter production has run for almost two years and won Austrian film star Peter Simonischek the Nestroy Award for Best Actor. His third play The Invisible Hand premiered at the New York Theatre Workshop in December, 2014, a production which invited comparison to the work of Shaw, Brecht, and Arthur Miller. It would go on to win the Obie Award, the John Gassner Award, be nominated for multiple Lucille Lortel Awards and the New York Drama Critics Circle Award.In May 2016, the play premiered in London at The Tricycle Theatre and received nominations for the Evening Standard and Laurence Olivier awards. In 2016, American Theatre magazine declared <mask> the most produced playwright in the country. <mask>'s latest play Junk: The Golden Age of Debt premiered on Broadway at the Vivian Beaumont Theater, produced by Lincoln Center Theater, on November 2, 2017. It was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Play and was awarded the Edward M. Kennedy Prize for Drama. In his final interview Bill Moyers referred to Junk as "not only history but prophecy. A Biblical-like account of who's running America, and how." Moyers added: "Our times at last have found their voice, and it belongs to a Pakistani American: <mask> <mask>."In 2017, <mask> won the Steinberg Playwright Award. In his acceptance speech at Lincoln Center Theater, later published in The New York Times, he explained why he believes the theater is only more important now than it ever has been:A living being before a living audience. Relationship unmediated by the contemporary disembodying screen. Not the appearance of a person, but the reality of one. Not a simulacrum of relationship, but a form of actual relationship. The theater is an art form scaled to the human, and stubbornly so, relying on the absolute necessity of physical audience, a large part of why theater is so difficult to monetize. It only happens when and where it happens.Once it starts, you can't stop it. It doesn't exist to be paused or pulled out at the consumer's whim. It can't be copied and sold. In a world increasingly lost to virtuality and unreality — the theater points to an antidote. A living actor before a living audience. The situation of all theater, a situation that can awaken in us a recollection of something more primordial, religious ritual — the site of our earliest collective negotiations with our tremendous vulnerability to existence. The act of gathering to witness the myths of our alleged origins enacted — this is the root of the theater's timeless magic.<mask>'s second novel, Homeland Elegies, was published in September, 2020 by Little, Brown and Company. According to the publisher's press release, the book is drawn from <mask>'s life as the son of Muslim immigrants, blending fact and fiction to tell a story of belonging and dispossession about the world that 9/11 made. The New York Times named Homeland Elegies one of the 10 Best Books of 2020, calling the book "pitch perfect... virtuosic." The Washington Post, Time, Entertainment Weekly, and Publishers Weekly also named it one of the 10 best books of 2020, with the Post stating that it would not be "surprised if it wins [<mask>] a second Pulitzer Prize." Slate, O, NPR, The Economist, and Kirkus Reviews named Homeland Elegies one of the best books of 2020. Barack Obama named it one of his favorite books of 2020.Homeland Elegies was shortlisted for the Andrew Carnegie Medals for Excellence in Fiction, and won the 2021 American Book Award. An eight-episode limited series of Homeland Elegies is in development at FX, starring Kumail Nanjiani and adapted by <mask> and Oren Moverman, who will direct all the episodes. On December 2, 2020, <mask> became president of PEN America. In 2021, <mask> was named New York State Author by the New York State Writers Institute. List of works

Theater
 2016 Junk: The Golden Age of Debt. Little, Brown and Company
 2015 The Invisible Hand. Little, Brown and Company
 2014 The Who & The What.Little, Brown and Company
 2013 Disgraced. Little, Brown and Company

Books
 2020 Homeland Elegies. Little, Brown and Company
2012 American Dervish.

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<mask> (born August 25, 1976) is an American professional basketball coach and former player who was an assistant coach for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). A combo guard, he played college basketball for three years with the University of Houston Cougars before declaring early for the 1997 NBA Draft, but he went undrafted. After his playing career ended, <mask> joined the Cavaliers coaching staff. High school career
<mask> played for the Ball High School Golden Tornadoes basketball team. He went on to the University of Houston after his graduation in 1994. Professional career
A journeyman throughout his career, <mask> never played for the same team for more than one season except for 2005–2008, when he played for the Cleveland Cavaliers. In his career, he played for ten different teams.<mask> was most notable for his ability to make three-point field goals. In fact, three-point attempts made up the majority of his field goal attempts because his role was often to wait on the outside while teammates such as Shaquille O'Neal, Dwyane Wade or LeBron James forced double teams. <mask> was supremely confident of his shot, once proclaiming that he is "the best shooter in the world." Early career
<mask> played for the Idaho Stampede of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) during the 1998–99 season. He was selected as the CBA Newcomer of the Year and named to the All-CBA First Team. 2004–2005
Prior to the 2004–2005 season, <mask> signed a one-year, $2.5 million contract with the Miami Heat. <mask> then proceeded to have the best statistical season of his career, setting career highs in games started (66), minutes played (2,576), field goals made (331) and attempted (726), field goal percentage (45.6%), three-point field goals made (225) and attempted (521), three-point field goal percentage (43.2%), free throws made (68) and attempted (86), rebounds (231), steals (44), blocked shots (5) and points scored (955).His 225 three-point field goals made was third best in the NBA (and at the time, tied with Mitch Richmond for the ninth most ever in an NBA season) and his three-point field goal percentage was fifth best that season. <mask> had a career-high 31 points on February 16, 2005 against the Los Angeles Clippers and scored in double figures on 48 occasions. He also had his only game with two blocked shots on March 10, 2005 against the Minnesota Timberwolves. <mask> grabbed a career-high eight rebounds on November 6, 2004 against the Washington Wizards, a mark he tied on February 22, 2005 against the Chicago Bulls. In 15 playoff games, <mask> averaged 12.1 points and 4.0 assists, and shot 42.9% from three-point range. He had a career playoff high of 30 points with seven three-point field goals made in Miami's first game of the first round against the New Jersey Nets. <mask> scored in double digits during 10 of Miami's 15 playoff games.Cleveland Cavaliers: 2005–2008
<mask> departed the Miami Heat to sign a four-year contract worth a reported $16.1 million with the Cleveland Cavaliers on September 8, 2005. In 82 games played (seven starts) during the 2005–06 regular season, <mask> averaged 6.7 points and 2.1 assists per game. He shot 37.7% from three-point range. On November 13, 2006, he had a season-high 22 points on a season-high 5 three-point field goals. <mask> hit five three-point field goals on four other occasions. On March 8, 2006, <mask> hit a game-winning three-point field goal as time expired in a 98–97 victory against the Toronto Raptors. In the 2006 NBA Playoffs, <mask> played in 13 games, averaged 1.8 points and hit 27.8% of his three-pointers.He had a playoff high 8 points in a game four Eastern Conference Semifinal win against the Detroit Pistons. On May 5, 2006 <mask> came off the bench late in Game 6 of the Cavs' Eastern Conference first-round series against the Washington Wizards. In his first minute of the game action, in overtime, he hit the game-winning shot to clinch the series four games to two, and sent the Cavs into the second round of the NBA Playoffs for the first time since 1993. In 60 games played during the 2006–2007 regular season, <mask> averaged 6.6 points and 1.6 assists per game. He shot 38.5% from three-point range. On November 13, 2006, he had a season-high 29 points on a season-high 7 three-point field goals. <mask> was selected to participate in the Three-Point Shootout during the 2007 All-Star Weekend in Las Vegas, Nevada.<mask> finished in fifth place. In the 2007 NBA Playoffs, <mask> played in 11 games, averaged 2.4 points and hit 31.8% of his three-pointers. He had a playoff high 9 points on three three-point field goals in a game one NBA Final loss to the San Antonio Spurs. <mask> played in 68 regular season games (three starts) for the Cavaliers. He averaged 6.4 points and 1.9 assists and shot 41.7% from three-point range. <mask> had a season-high 27 points on a season-high seven three-point field goals in a February 22, 2008 short-handed Cavs victory over the Washington Wizards. In five playoff games, <mask> scored six total points and dished one assist.On December 28, 2007, it was revealed that the Cavaliers fined <mask> and Ira Newble an undisclosed amount of money for refusing to come off the bench during the final minute of their Christmas Day win over the Miami Heat. 2008–2009
On August 13, 2008, <mask> was traded to the Milwaukee Bucks in a three-team, six-player deal involving the Bucks, the Cleveland Cavaliers, and the Oklahoma City Thunder that also sent Milwaukee's Mo Williams to Cleveland, Cleveland's Joe Smith and Milwaukee's Desmond Mason to Oklahoma City, and Oklahoma City's Luke Ridnour and Adrian Griffin to Milwaukee. 2010
On March 29, 2010, <mask> signed with the Piratas de Quebradillas of the Puerto Rico Basketball League. However, on April 13 he was released, after averaging only 10.7 points in four games played. 2011
In February 2011 he signed with Aliağa Petkim in Turkey, but didn't pass the physical fitness test and was released. 2012
After a stint with the Reno Bighorns of the NBA Development League (NBA D-League), <mask> retired from playing in 2012. Coaching career
In 2014, <mask> became a part of the coaching staff for the Cleveland Cavaliers with the title of "shooting consultant," working with both the Cavaliers and their NBADL affiliate the Canton Charge.During the 2015-16 season, <mask> served as an assistant coach with the  Charge. In April 2016, Cavaliers head coach Tyronn Lue added <mask> to his coaching staff for the 2016 NBA playoffs. In September 2016, <mask> was promoted to the full-time role of assistant coach for the Cavaliers. In March 2018, Cavaliers shooting guard J.R. Smith threw a bowl of soup at <mask> and was suspended for one game by the team. Records, milestones and rankings
Ranked third in the NBA in three-point field goals made (225) in 2004–2005. Ranked 5th in the NBA in three-point field goal percentage (43.2%) in 2004–2005. Led the NBA in "True Shooting Percentage" (62.5%) in 2004–2005.Personal life
<mask> majored in sociology at the University of Houston. On January 10, 2006, <mask> became the first NBA player to sign with a Chinese shoe company when he signed a two-year contract with Li-Ning. <mask> has a child with WNBA superstar Tina Thompson.

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<mask><mask> (born July 20, 1949; Washington, D.C.) is an expert in international nature conservation and wilderness protection, and a writer. <mask> specializes in bridging the interests of people and nature through culture, communications, science, and policy. He has worked in more than 65 nations, lived in many countries, and served on the boards of numerous conservation and business organizations. Since 1983, he has served as President of The WILD Foundation, an international conservation organization explicitly dedicated to protecting wilderness, connecting wild nature to people, and to communicating the values of wilderness and its benefits for human communities. Early life
<mask><mask> (full name <mask>) was born July 20, 1949 in Washington, D.C., to <mask>, (deceased, 2013), and Thomas O<mask>, (deceased, 1994, a 25 year veteran of the FBI). He grew up mostly throughout the Maryland/Virginia/West Virginia area of the United States. He spent as much of his free time as possible in the forests and fields of the Piedmont Region, and later (during university) in the Appalachian Mountains.In 1971, he graduated Magna Cum Laude from West Virginia University with a Bachelor of Arts in English literature and minor studies in forestry and wildlife management. After university, <mask> lived and worked abroad in Asia and Europe for 13 years, including 10 years at The Findhorn Foundation in Scotland (a UK-registered, educational charitable trust) as a senior manager and (sic) Director of Environmental Programs. During this time he met and began to work closely with author/explorer Sir Laurens van der Post and South African, international conservationist Dr. Ian Player. His life-long interest in nature conservation and traditional peoples developed into a professional, working commitment to understand, protect and communicate wilderness values and the irreplaceable role of wilderness and traditional cultures in a healthy modern society. He currently lives in Boulder, Colorado (USA). He has two grown children and one granddaughter. His personal interests are wild nature, trees, fly-fishing, oriental carpets, photography, and antique trade beads.Prior to working for WILD and while gaining his university degree, <mask> was co-owner of Natural Foods Store, the first organic and natural foods store in northern West Virginia, <mask> also co-owned an antique and artisanal crafts import business. Beginning in 1974, he spent 10 years with The Findhorn Foundation in Scotland. There he developed his skills for non-profit management alongside furthering his wilderness ethic, land management experience, and his understanding of how the human world interfaces with the natural world. During his years at Findhorn, <mask> served at varying times as (sic) Executive Director; Director of gardens, farms, and landscaping; Director of environmental programs; Founder/Director of Trees for Life, a social movement for growing and planting trees; as Warden (custodian) of Traigh Bhan on the island of Iona, in the Inner Hebrides; on the Core (central policy) Group, in the Education Department; and on the Management Committee. Conservation career
<mask> has been President of the WILD Foundation since 1983, leading program and financial development for a conservation NGO that was established by South African conservationist Dr. Ian Player in 1974. He works primarily on fundraising, program strategy and management for WILD, frequently traveling between the headquarters in Colorado with WILD projects and affiliated organizations around the world. <mask> works extensively in Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, Russia, and the Americas to foster the understanding, policy, and action needed to protect and sustain wild nature while meeting the needs of human communities.His work brings him into all sectors of society from the government and corporate world to academics, the arts, local communities, and native/indigenous cultures. A key moment in <mask>'s career was his central role in conceiving, initiating and managing the first international agreement on wilderness signed by the governments of Canada, United States and Mexico in November, 2009, at WILD9 (9th World Wilderness Congress) (Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation for Wilderness and Protected Areas Conservation). At that same time he also co-conceived and launched the Nature Needs Half vision and practice with friend and colleague Harvey Locke. Between 1992 and 2002, <mask> closely collaborated with Dr Laurie Marker to establish and expand the Cheetah Conservation Fund, based in Namibia. He served as its President for 10 years and remains on the Board of Trustees. CCF is recognized as the premier global initiative to protect the endangered wild cheetah, and has become one of the most successful and far-reaching species-oriented field projects in the world. <mask> has been the International Director of the World Wilderness Congress (WWC) since 1983, as well as the executive editor for all its publications.The WWC has been described as the Olympics of the wilderness conservation world. Approximately every four years in a different country, the WWC convenes a diverse convergence of leaders in international conservation, government, science, the arts and humanities, communications, and business with the public to: achieve practical conservation results; strengthen constructive dialogue and positive action on important environmental issues; promote a greater understanding of wilderness; and enhance the protection of wildlands and seas. Established in South Africa in 1977, this is the world’s longest-running, international, public conservation project and environmental forum. The “WILD10” process, of which <mask> was Co-Chair, took place in Europe and convened in Salamanca, Spain, in October 2013. In addition to his work with WILD (where he also is on the Board of Directors), <mask> has served on the board of directors of numerous other organizations including the Cheetah Conservation Fund (of which he was President for 10 years); Wilderness Foundation (Africa); Wilderness Foundation (UK); Conservation & Preservation Charities of America (President, 6 years); Friends of Peace Parks (President); International Conservation Caucus Foundation; SAVM, LLC. ; and Fulcrum Publishing, Inc. He is also the founder and current co-chairman of the Wilderness Specialist Group of the World Commission on Protected Areas of the IUCN; Fellow, Findhorn Foundation (Scotland); member, International Advisory Council, EcoForum Global (China); Research Fellow, Yancheng Coastal Wetlands Research Institute (China); and Expert Advisor, Anshun Huangguoshu World Cultural and Natural Heritage Declaration (China).Collaborations
Dedicated to collaboration and cooperation as an effective means of empowering a wider social movement for nature conservation, <mask> has helped initiate or worked closely with others to foster many new projects and organizations. The significant collaborations include: International Conservation Caucus Foundation (with David H. Baron), Earth Vision Institute (with James Balog), documentary films Chasing Ice and Chasing Coral (with Jeff Orlowski and James Balog); and founding member of the Nature Needs Half Steering Committee (2015). <mask> is committed to the critical role of human culture as a necessary and effective force in nature conservation, and in creating solutions across boundaries and ideologies. Central to this is his dedication to working with Indigenous Peoples (IP) and local communities to assure respect and rightful regard for their knowledge, rights, and cultural practices. As well as working with traditional communities, elders and leaders in Africa, Asia, and North and South America, he co-founded the Native Lands and Wilderness Council with Terry Tanner of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes (2005); co-founded with Sharon Shay Sloan the Indigenous and Community Lands and Seas project (2013); and continues to work very closely with Chief Tashka Yawanawa and his people in the far Western Amazon. As a lifetime advocate of the arts and humanities as a key tool for effective nature conservation, <mask> fostered (among many initiatives) the founding of the International League of Conservation Photographers with Cristina Mittermeier (2005), the International League of Conservation Writers (with Bob Baron of Fulcrum Publishing); initiated and co-produced the innovative Rap Guide to Wilderness (2014), with Canadian artist, Baba Brinkman; and co-produced with Patricio Robles Gil the performance art piece, Wild Rituals, Painted Bodies at the 9th World Wilderness Congress (2009, Mexico)

Awards and accomplishments
 Co-Founder; Executive Committee (Board of Trustees) of Wilderness Foundation Global (2015)
 Member, 2015, Clinton Global Initiative
 Founding Member, 2015, Rewilding Europe Circle
 Embajadore de Salamanca (2013)
 First French-language book on wilderness law and policy, 2013 (Ed. Cyril Kormos)
 Bob Marshall Award for Group Champion of wilderness Stewardship (on behalf of The WILD Foundation); presented by the Chief, US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 2011
 Initiated Mali Elephant Project to protect desert elephants of central Mali (West Africa), now directed by Dr. Susan Canney and Nomba Ganame, successfully withstanding jihadist war and empowering local communities (2003–Present)
 Launched Nature Needs Half, a global conservation vision and practice, with Harvey Locke, 2009
 Co-sponsored and participated in Trans-Africa expedition Tracks of Giants, 2012
 First international agreement on wilderness, signed by the governments of Canada, the US, and Mexico in November 2009 at WILD9; Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation for Wilderness and Protected Areas Conservation
 First Spanish-language book on wilderness law and policy, 2009 (Ed.Cyril Kormos)
 “Area of Bi-National Environmental Interest” "Big Bend & Rio Bravo" between Texas and Mexico, initiated in Mexico with Patricio Robles Gil in 2008, signed in November 2011 by US ( Secretary of Interior) and Mexico (Minister of Environment). First International Handbook on Wilderness Law and

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 Policy (Kormos, 2008)
 Wilderness Champion, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 2002
 Native Lands and Wilderness Council (established 2005), with Terry Tanner (Confederated Salish and Kootenai)
 Global Award, World Wilderness Foundation, India, 1998
 First Global Wilderness Inventory (McCloskey and Spaulding, 1987)
 Fellow, Explorer's Club (New York); 2003–Present

Publications and other media

<mask> serves as an editor for numerous wilderness and conservation-related reference publications, including the contributing editor for the International Journal of Wilderness (1994–present),  contributing editor (international) for three editions of Wilderness Management, (the standard international reference), as well as a handbook on International Wilderness Law and Policy , Una Introducción al Derecho y las Políticas Internacionales Sobre Áreas Silvestres, and Une introduction au driot et aux politiques internationales de la nature sauvage. <mask> is listed in the Who's Who in Service to the Earth, Who's Who in the West, and numerous other references. His most recent book (2009) is a personal memoir Wilderness (with photographs by Patricio Robles Gil and introduction by Ian Player), . Books
 Casson, Sarah A.; <mask>, <mask>. et. al. Wilderness Protected Areas: Management guidelines for IUCN Category 1b protected areas.Gland, Switzerland: IUCN., 2016. Updated 2017. . Print. <mask>, <mask> and Sloan, Sharon Shay ed. Protecting Wild Nature on Native Lands: Case Studies by Native Peoples from around the World. Volume II. Golden Colo:Fulcrum Pub. 2012.Print (Spanish Language Edition in digital print)
 <mask>, <mask>, and Patricio Robles Gil (photographer). Wilderness. Mexico City, MX; Sierra Madre. 2009. . Print
 <mask>, <mask>, and Patricio Robles Gil (photographer). Tierras Silvestres. Mexico City, MX; Sierra Madre. 2009. . Print
 <mask>, <mask>, and Cyril Kormos, ed.Wilderness, Wildlands and People: A Partnership for the Planet. Golden Colo: Fulcrum Pub. 2008. . Print. <mask>, <mask>, Cajune, Julie, Tanner, Terry. ed. Protecting Wild Nature on Native Lands: Case Studies by Native Peoples from around the World. Volume I.Golden Colo:Fulcrum Pub. 2008.   . Print (English and Spanish Editions)
 <mask>, <mask>, and Andrew Muir, ed. Wilderness and Human Communities: The Spirit of the 21st Century. Golden, Colo.: Fulcrum Pub., 2004. .  Print. Gil, Patricio Robles, Russell A. Mittermeier, Cristina G. Mittermeier, <mask><mask>, et al.. 	Wilderness: Earth's Last Wild Places. [Mexico City]: CEMEX, 2002. Print.<mask>, <mask>, ed. Wilderness & Humanity: The Global Issue. Golden, Colo.: Fulcrum Publ., 2001. . Print. <mask>, <mask>, and Nicholas Tyler, ed. Arctic Wilderness. Golden, Colo.: North American, 1995. . Print. <mask>, <mask>, ed.For the Conservation of Earth. Golden, Colo.: Fulcrum,, 1988. . Print. <mask>, <mask>, and Mary Inglis, ed. Wilderness, the Way Ahead. The Park, Forres, Scotland: Findhorn, 1984. (UK); 0936878-10-X (USA). Print.<mask>, <mask>, ed. Wilderness. Findhorn, Moray, Scotland: Findhorn Press, 1982.  . Print. Articles and papers
 <mask>, <mask>.; Canney, Susan PhD. "The desert elephants of Mali." The Last Elephants. (2019): 425-437.Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness in the Story of Eco-civilization." Embrace the New Era of Eco-Civilization. (2018): 73-76. Print. Dinerstein et al. "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm."Bio-Science. 67.6. (2017): 534-545. Print. <mask>, <mask>.; ZHANG, Qian; Lewis, Amy "Wilderness in Eco-civilization - Protection, Management, and Communications." ECO - The New Era of Ecological Civilization. July.(2018): 73-76. Print. <mask>, <mask>.; YANG, Rui; CAO, Yue "To Establish a Chinese Wilderness Preservation System as an Essential Part of Eco-civilization." ECO - The New Era of Ecological Civilization. July. (2018): 83-90. Print.<mask>, <mask>.; Translated by ZHANG, Qian "Wilderness - International Perspectives and the China Opportunity." Chinese Landscape Architecture. 33.258.06. (2017): 5-9. Print. Canney, Susan PhD. ; <mask>, <mask>. "A Grassroots Battle to Save Mali's Elephants."AR3. Q4 (2016): 27-30. Print. Casson, Sarah; <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness at an International Scale." International Journal of Wilderness 22.3 (2016): 35-41. Print. Dawson, Chad P.; <mask>, <mask>. "A Tribute to John C.Hendee." International Journal of Wilderness 22.3 (2016): 4-10. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wildnis International" Ballett + Wildnis: Projekt Zur Kultur Der Natur - 10 Jahre (Idee und Konzept, Till Meyer, Eine Kooperation des Bayerischen Staatsballetts, mit dem Bayerischen Staatsministerium fur Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz), (2015) 105-106 Print. <mask>, <mask>. and Muir, Andrew "A Tribute to Ian Player - Global Wilderness Conservation Icon" International Journal of Wilderness 21.1 (2015): 4. Print and on-line. <mask>, <mask>. "The US Wilderness Act: Its History, Impact, Future Role in Growing a Global Wilderness Community" Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of The Wilderness Act, The National Wilderness Conference Proceedings (Albuquerque, NM, USA, October 2014) abstract 158 Print and on-line
 <mask>, <mask>. "Nature Needs Half - A Vision and a Practice" The Geographer (Royal Scottish Geographical Society), (Winter 2014-15): 17 Print and on-line.<mask>, <mask>. "Ian Player - A Personal Reflection." Sanctuary Asia, (February 2015): 32-35. Print and on-line. <mask>, <mask>., Hill, Melanie. "Make the World a Wilder Place." International Journal of Wilderness 20.2 (2014): 4. Print and on-line.<mask>, <mask>. , Randall, Julie A. "Social HALF." International Journal of Wilderness 19.2 (2013): 4. Print and on-line
 <mask>, <mask>. "Go Wild... For a Change." Sanctuary Asia, February 2013 (2013): 26-28. Print and on-line. Dudley N.; Kormos C.; Locke H.; <mask>. “Defining Wilderness in IUCN.” International Journal of Wilderness 18.1 (2012):1.Print and on-line. <mask>, <mask>. “WILD10 and Nature Needs Half.”  International Journal of Wilderness 17.3 (2011): 3. Print and on-line. <mask>, <mask>. “The Story”. An Introduction to “Reflections of a Wilderness Man” by Ian Player (2011) Print
 <mask>, <mask>. "The 9th World Wilderness Congress: Mexico, 2009." International Journal of Wilderness 16.1 (2010): 47-42. Print.<mask>, <mask>. "Nature Needs Half." Sanctuary Asia, December 2010 (2010): 65-66. Print and on-line. Watson, Alan; <mask>, <mask>; Lin, Chau Chin. 2009. Wilderness: an international community knocking on Asia’s door. Journal of National Park (Taiwan) 19(4):1-9.Print and On-line. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness in a Word ? or Two ? or More." International Journal of Wilderness 15.2 (2009): 3-3. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "9th World Wilderness Congress in 2009."International Journal of Wilderness 14.3 (2008): 36-36. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness -- The Strategic Element in Our Response to Global Environmental Change." International Journal of Wilderness 14.2 (2008): 25-25. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness Is on the Move!" International Journal of Wilderness 14.1 (2008): 3-3.Print. <mask>, <mask>.; Cyril F. Kormos; Franco Zunino; Till Meyer; Ulf Doerner;Toby Aykroyd. "Wilderness Momentum in Europe." International Journal of Wilderness 14.2 (2008): 34-38. Print. <mask>, <mask>.; Cyril F. Kormos; Russell A. Mittermeier; John D. Pilgrim; Michael Hoffmann. "The Role for Wilderness in Biodiversity Conservation."The Wild Planet Project (2007): 38-40. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The WILD Foundation: Working for Wilderness, Wildlife, and People Since 1974." The Wild Planet Project (2007): 2-7. Print. Kormos, Cyril F., <mask><mask>. "Private Sector Wilderness: An Important New Direction."The Wild Planet Project (2007): 47-48. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness Is a Bipartisan Cause." International Journal of Wilderness 12.3 (2006): 3-3. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "8th World Wilderness Congress Generates Conservation Results." International Journal of Wilderness 11.3 (2005): 26-29.Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The 8th World Wilderness Congress: Alaska and Siberia." International Journal of Wilderness 10.1 (2004): 39-40. Print. <mask>, <mask>., Cyril Kormos. "Support Is Building for Global Wilderness Conservation." International Journal of Wilderness 9.2 (2003): 4-8.Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The 7th World Wilderness Congress: Wilderness and Human Communities." International Journal of Wilderness 8.1 (2002): 4-9. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Wilderness: It's Got Soul." International Journal of Wilderness 8.2 (2002): 3-3. Print.<mask>, <mask>. "Ian Player: Madolo." International Journal of Wilderness 7.3 (2001): 10-11. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The World Wilderness Congress." International Journal of Wilderness 7.1 (2001): 4-9. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The Wildest Issue."International Journal of Wilderness 6.1 (2000): 3-3. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "The Trail Ahead." International Journal of Wilderness 4.1 (1998): 3-3. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "India Hosts 6th World Wilderness Congress." International Journal of Wilderness 4.3 (1998): 3-3.Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Remembering Our Friends and Heroes." International Journal of Wilderness 3.3 (1997): 48-48. Print. <mask>, <mask>. "Remembering Sir Laurens Van Der Post." International Journal of Wilderness 3.2 (1997): 48-48. Print.<mask>, <mask>. "Australia's Wilderness Movement - Gathering Momentum." International Journal of Wilderness 2.1 (1996): 10-13. Print. <mask>, <mask>., Cooper, Trygve G, ed. "International Status of Wilderness" and "Wilderness in Namibia: The WILD Foundation Perspective" Wilderness Management Symposium, The Ministry of Environment and Tourism (Waterberg Plateau Park, Namibia) (1996) 22 and 197. Print. McCloskey, Michael,  <mask>, <mask>."International Laws Governing Wilderness." Journal of Forestry 91.2 (1993): 35-35. Print. Stankey, G., <mask>, V, and R. Nash. International Concepts of Wilderness Preservation and Management. In Wilderness Management, Hendee, et al. Golden, Colo.: North American Press (1990)
 <mask>, <mask>. Numerous articles and publications through the Findhorn Press (1976-1984)

References

External links
 The WILD Foundation

American conservationists
Living people
1949

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<mask>. (January 31, 1921 – April 7, 2002) was an American film and television actor. He is best known for starring alongside <mask> in the films Sands of Iwo Jima, Fort Apache, and She Wore a Yellow Ribbon. In his later career he was the star of B movies, such as Tarantula, The Mole People, The Brain from Planet Arous, Revenge of the Creature, Flesh and the Spur and Hand of Death. He was the first husband of Shirley Temple. <mask>'s career suffered in the wake of his divorce, but he developed a niche playing leading men in low-budget science fiction, Western, and horror movies in the 1950s and 1960s. <mask> gave him several supporting roles in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In later years he worked extensively in television.Early life and military service
<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Lillian (née Rogers) and <mask> <mask>, a meat packer. His great aunt was Edna Gladney. He was educated at the Harvard School for Boys in Chicago  and Lake Forest Academy in Lake Forest, Illinois. He graduated from Trinity-Pawling Preparatory School in Pawling, New York, but did not attend college. He and his family moved from Chicago to Los Angeles in 1942, after his father's death. In 1941, <mask> joined the Navy Air Corps, had basic training in Texas, and instructed in physical training at March Field in Riverside, California. He was medically discharged from the Navy in 1943 due to an ear infection that affected his balance.He then enlisted in the United States Army Air Corps. He was a sergeant and a physical training instructor at the time he left the AAF in 1946. Career
<mask> met Shirley Temple in 1943 when he was asked to escort her to a Hollywood party. After his marriage with Temple in 1945, her boss at the time, David O. Selznick, signed <mask> to a five-year acting contract starting at $150 a week, including acting lessons. <mask> made his film debut as Temple's love interest in Fort Apache (1948), a <mask> western for RKO starring <mask> and Henry Fonda. It was a financial and critical success. <mask> was reunited with Temple for his second film, a suffragette drama Adventure in Baltimore (1949), also for RKO, which was a huge flop.RKO used him in The Woman on Pier 13 (1950), an anti-communist drama that was a pet project of Howard Hughes. It was <mask>'s first movie without Temple, and he was billed after Robert Ryan and Laraine Day. It was another flop. More successful was a reunion with Wayne and Ford, She Wore a Yellow Ribbon (1949), in which <mask> played the romantic lead. It was a sizeable hit and has come to be regarded as a classic. Even more popular was the World War II film Sands of Iwo Jima (1949) where <mask> supported <mask>. Made by Republic Pictures, it was a sizeable hit, earning Wayne an Oscar nomination and getting <mask> some good reviews.Warner Bros put <mask> in a war film, Breakthrough (1950) which relied extensively on pre-existing war footage. It was a reasonable success at the box office. Warner Bros used him in Along the Great Divide (1951), supporting Kirk Douglas. He made a low budget Arabian Knights film for Sam Katzman with Lucille Ball, The Magic Carpet (1951). In 1952 <mask> was fired by Selznick for driving under the influence of alcohol, which affected his career with the large studios in Hollywood. <mask> was third billed in Woman of the North Country (1952), a Western for Republic, and also starred in Man of Conflict (1953), an independent drama with Edward Arnold. <mask> had support roles in Bait (1954), a Hugo Haas drama with Cleo Moore; The Rocket Man (1954), a Charles Coburn comedy co-written by Lenny Bruce; and Shield for Murder (1954), a film noir starring and co-directed by Edmond O'Brien.<mask> returned to leading roles in The Golden Mistress (1954), an adventure film directed by Abner Biberman. In 1954 <mask> signed a seven-year contract with Universal. He began the association with Revenge of the Creature (1955), the popular first sequel to Creature from the Black Lagoon (1954); it was produced by William Alland and directed by Jack Arnold. He was borrowed by Lippert Pictures for The Lonesome Trail (1955), then, at Universal, made a second film for Haas with Cleo Moore, Hold Back Tomorrow (1955). <mask> made another science fiction film, Tarantula (1955), made by Alland and Arnold, which was popular and became a cult favorite. Universal starred him in a Western, Star in the Dust (1956) with Mamie Van Doren and Richard Boone and produced by Albert Zugsmith. A new company, American International Pictures, borrowed <mask> for a Western, Flesh and the Spur (1956) with Marla English and Mike Connors (billed as "Touch Connors").Then he went back to Universal for The Mole People (1956), produced by Alland. <mask>'s contract with Universal ended when he complained that he was tired of only doing science fiction roles. His final film with the studio was supporting Universal's Western star Audie Murphy in a comedy Joe Butterfly (1957). <mask> remained in demand for low budget science fiction, horror and Western films. He starred in The Daughter of Dr. Jekyll (1957) for Edgar G. Ulmer at Allied Artists, then made The Brain from Planet Arous (1957) for Howco International. <mask> starred in some low budget Westerns for Lippert's low budget Regal Films at Fox, Ride a Violent Mile (1958) and Frontier Gun (1958). He went to the Philippines to make Cavalry Command (1958) and did two for AIP, Jet Attack (1958) and Attack of the Puppet People (1958).He shot a television pilot in 1958 that was released as a feature film Destination Space (1959). <mask> did Invisible Invaders (1958) for director Edward L. Cahn who had made Jet Attack. <mask> could be seen in Journey to the Seventh Planet (1962) and  Of Love and Desire (1963). He joined he ensemble casts in several low budget films for producer A.C. Lyles that were released by Paramount Pictures; The Young and The Brave (1963) with Rory Calhoun, Law of the Lawless (1963) starring Dale Robertson and William Bendix, Stage to Thunder Rock (1965) with Barry Sullivan and Marilyn Maxwell, Young Fury (1965) with Rory Calhoun and Lon Chaney Jr., <mask> (1966) with Dana Andrews and Jane Russell, and Waco (1966) with Howard Keel, Jane Russell and Brian Donlevy. <mask> made some films for Larry Buchanan at AIP that were originally meant as made-for-television-movies, Curse of the Swamp Creature (1966), Zontar, the Thing from Venus (1966) and Hell Raiders (1968). He had the lead in Women of the Prehistoric Planet (1966) and Night Fright (1967). <mask> had small parts in some studio films like The St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1967) with Jason Robards Jr. and Ralph Meeker, and three more pictures in a row with <mask>: The Undefeated (1969), Chisum (1970), and Big Jake (1971).<mask>'s last prominent roles were small parts in King Kong (1976) and Miracle Mile (1988). Personal life

Marriages
<mask>'s sister was a schoolmate of Shirley Temple. In 1944 <mask> escorted Temple to a party held by her boss at the time, David O. Selznick. The two were married in 1945. <mask> and Temple had a daughter together, Linda Susan <mask>, born 1948 (who was later known as Susan Black, taking the surname of her stepfather, Charles Alden Black). However, the marriage foundered, in part because of <mask>'s drinking (he had been arrested for drunk driving) and in part because of pressures of their high public profile. Temple sued for divorce on the grounds of mental cruelty in 1949.The two were divorced on December 7, 1950. After the divorce, <mask> had little contact with his daughter or with Temple. <mask> remarried in 1951 to model Loretta Barnett Combs (1922–2000). They tried to elope but officials refused to marry them for an hour because <mask> had been drinking. They remained married for 49 years until her death in 2000. They had two sons, <mask> and <mask><mask>, III. Legal issues
In 1950 <mask> was fined for reckless driving.In 1951 he was sentenced to five months in jail for drunk driving, and released on probation after 60 days. In 1953 <mask> was again arrested for drunk driving, and sentenced to 120 days in prison. In 1960 he was again arrested for drunk driving. Political Views

<mask> supported Barry Goldwater in the 1964 United States presidential election, and Ronald Reagan in 1980. <mask> died on April 7, 2002, in Burbank, California from complications from emphysema. He was 81. He was buried beside his wife at Riverside National Cemetery in Riverside, California.He was survived by his three children, four grandchildren, and two brothers. Legacy
As for being associated with science fiction B movies, <mask> said, "I don't resent being identified with B science fiction movies at all", <mask>'s Revenge" on the Topsy Turvy album in 1985. The television series Mystery Science Theater 3000 has made fun of several of <mask>'s films, including The Mole People, Women of the Prehistoric Planet and Revenge of the Creature.Judd Norcutt
Jet Attack (1958) – Capt. Tom Arnett
Attack of the Puppet People (1958) – Bob Westley
Frontier Gun (1958) – Jim Crayle
Invisible Invaders (1959) – Major Bruce Jay
Raymie (1960) – Ike
Fall Girl (1961) – Joe McElroy
Hand of Death (1962) – Alex Marsh
Journey to the Seventh Planet (1962) – Capt. Don Graham
The Young and The Brave (1963) – Intelligence officer
Cavalry Command/PHL: "The Day of the Trumpet" (1963) – Sergeant Norcutt
Of Love and Desire (1963) – Gus Cole
Law of the Lawless (1964) – Pete Stone
Stage to Thunder Rock (1964) – Dan Carrouthers
Young Fury (1965) – <mask> Reno (1966) – Ed Tomkins
Women of the Prehistoric Planet (1966) – Dr. Farrell
Waco (1966) – George Gates
Curse of the Swamp Creature  (1966, TV Movie) – Barry Rogers
Zontar, The Thing from Venus (1966) – Dr. Curt Taylor
St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1967) – Dion O'Banion
Night Fright (1967) – Sheriff Clint Crawford
Hell Raiders (1968) – Maj. Ronald Paxton
The Undefeated (1969) – Christian
Chisum (1970) – Amos Patton
Big Jake (1971) – Bert Ryan
How's Your Love Life? (1971) – Police Lt. Rafferty
King Kong (1976) – City Official
Mr. No Legs (1979) – Police Capt. Hathaway
Divided We Fall (1982) – Yankee Officer
Attack of the B-Movie Monster (1985) – Dr. Ferguson
Perfect Victims (1988) – Neighbor walking his dog
Miracle Mile (1989) – Ivan Peters
Nightbreed (1990) – Decker's Victim
Fear (1990, TV Movie) – Leonard Scott Levy
The Perfect Bride (1991, TV Movie) – Gramps
Invasion of Privacy – (1992, TV Movie) – Old Convict
Body Bags (1993, TV Movie) – Dr. Lang
The Pandora Directive (1996) – Thomas Malloy
The Naked Monster (2005) – Dr. Clete Ferguson (final film role)

Television

Perry Mason (1959) – episode – The Case of the Caretaker's Cat – murderer Kenneth Baxter
Rawhide (1959) – episode – Incident at the Buffalo Smokehouse – Lon Grant
Destination Space (1959) – unsold pilot
Rawhide (1960) – episode – Incident of the Slavemaster – Mike Anderson
Bat Masterson (1961) – episode – Farmer with a Badge – Sam Phelps
Ripcord (1961) – episode – Chuting Stars – U.S. Navy  Warrant Officer Frank Pierson
Lawman (1962) – episode – The Witness – Jim Martin
Death Valley Days (1963) – episode – Pioneer Doctor – Dr. Charles Edwards
The Virginian (1964) – episode – Another's Footsteps – Tom Anders
Branded (1965) – episode – $10,000 for Durango – The Sheriff
Combat! (1966) – episode – The Mockingbird - Capt. Thorpe
Family Affair (1967) – episode – What Did You Do in the West, Uncle?– Gabe
Hondo (1967) – episode – Hondo and the Judas – Frank James
The Virginian – episode – The Mustangers – Joe Williams
Charlie's Angels (1976) – episode – Target: Angels – Col. Blaylock
Highway to Heaven (1984) – episode – The Return of the Masked Rider – Morton Clay
The Making of Sands of Iwo Jima (1993) – Video Documentary Short – Himself

References

External links

The Official <mask> Website

Interview with <mask> III at Scar Monsters Magazine

1921 births
2002 deaths
American male film actors
Male actors from Chicago
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Lake Forest Academy alumni
Deaths from emphysema
Burials at Riverside National Cemetery
20th-century American male actors
Military personnel from California
Military personnel from Illinois
United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II
United States Army Air Forces soldiers
United States Navy sailors

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<mask> (born 18 December 1944) is an Australian religious minister and former politician and educator. He was a Liberal member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1993 to 1997, representing the seat of Hanson in the 37th Parliament of South Australia. He was deputy headmaster and pastor of Temple Christian College before entering parliament. After not being reelected in the 1997 election, <mask> then served as a senior political advisor to the Premier and Deputy Premier of South Australia. From 1999 he was the head of the Aldinga campus of Southern Vales Christian College, until his retirement from teaching by 2005. Early years and personal life

<mask> was born to <mask> (a furniture salesman) and Lylia Mavis Carson in Bordertown, South Australia, on 18 December 1944. Leggett attended Bordertown High School, but missed a year of school following a car accident.He then left school early at the end of his year 10. He later moved to Adelaide and completed his year 11 and 12 at night school while working in a retail menswear store, after which he became a teacher. <mask>'s first child, Sarah Porter, was born in the 1960s followed by the birth of his second child, <mask>, on 22 January 1968. Both of his children went on to become accomplished classical musicians. Sarah Porter performs cello in the Geelong Symphony Orchestra and is a recorded cellist for the 1999 Sons of Korah album Light of Life. Career highlights for <mask> include performing in the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2006 Commonwealth Games and playing in many Australian orchestras, including touring China with the Royal Melbourne Philharmonic and playing principal viola for the Melbourne Opera. Paul later moved to Alice Springs to teach music to remote students.The passing of <mask> at 48 years old on 13 December 2016 made national headlines after he drowned at a popular Alice Springs swimming hole while leading a local school excursion. Teaching career

<mask> worked as a master at Pulteney Grammar School and from 1973 until 1984 he was the Director of Drama at Pulteney Grammar. He then became a staff member at Temple Christian College soon after the school first opened in 1983. <mask> was the Deputy Headmaster of Temple Christian College from 1986 until 1993 and become the school's Acting Headmaster in 1992. From 1999  <mask> was the headmaster of the Aldinga campus of Southern Vales Christian College until his retirement from teaching in 2005. Ministry

<mask> obtained his Licentiate in Theology in Melbourne in 1970 through the Australian College of Theology. He subsequently obtained his Bachelor of Ministry majoring in pastoral care.From 1989 until 1992 <mask> was the pastor of the Lockleys Baptist Church. From 1991 until 1993 he was a minister for United Christian Fellowship. From 1993 until 1994 he became an associate pastor of the Sonshine Fellowship Church. In 1999 <mask> took up the position of Assistant Pastor of the Teen Challenge Church. In 2014 <mask> was a pastor at the Victor Harbor Church of Christ. <mask> currently sermons at Trinity South Coast, the Victor Harbor branch of Holy Trinity Church, Adelaide. As well as leading a number of churches in Adelaide, <mask> was employed as a pastor at Temple Christian College and also as chaplain of the Norwood Football Club.In 2006 <mask> performed the funeral ceremony of the director of Teen Challenge in South Australia, Pastor Morrie Thompson. The service was attended by over 500 people, including the Hons Ann Bressington, Family First founder Andrew Evans, and Nick Xenophon who also complimented <mask>'s ceremony in parliament as a matter of interest. Political life

<mask> had previously ran as a Liberal Movement candidate in the seat of Hawker at the 1975 federal election with a 6.6 percent primary vote, and was the fourth candidate on the Liberal Movement Senate ticket in South Australia at the 1974 federal election. Liberal Movement was organised in 1972 by former premier Steele Hall as an offshoot of LCL, and was re-absorbed into the LCL in 1976. He was a Liberal member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1993 to 1997, representing the seat of Hanson. His parliamentary appointment was to the recently created Social Development Committee where he worked with Michael Atkinson and other appointed members of parliament on an inquiry into prostitution. He also served on the Family and Community Services Committee and Tourism Committee.<mask> was a member of a 1995 Estimates Committee for the state government's $267 million South Australia Police budget. <mask> supported upholding the ban of the controversial film Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom. Leggett's support of the ban in parliament was quoted by Censorship in Australia:

<mask> was not reelected in the 1997 election, losing the seat for Hanson to Steph Key. The district of Hanson was abolished before the 2002 election and was replaced with Ashford. On 21 January 2004 Crikey referenced Leggett as an unlikely powerbroker and preference negotiator behind the success of the then recently formed Family First Party. In the 29 September 2004 episode of the ABC's The Religion Report program, Family First Party cofounder Andrew Evans credited Leggett with being an early adviser to the party. After leaving parliament Leggett then served as a senior political advisor to the Premier and Deputy Premier of South Australia.In 2003, 2006, 2009, and 2012 <mask> was appointed as a member of South Australia's Legal Practitioners Conduct Board, positions he was nominated for by the Attorney General and Premier of South Australia. In 2013 Leggett was also appointed as a Justice of the Peace, the position nominated by Premier Jay Weatherill. <mask> ran for mayor of Victor Harbor in the 2010 council elections and was the second most popular candidate by first preference votes, but lost to Graham Philip by 108 votes. Life after politics

As well as continuing to minister in various churches in Adelaide, <mask> remains an active figure in city. He has worked with SAPOL Sergeants for many years delivering drivers’ safety programs in schools. <mask> is on the board of the Rotary Club of Encounter Bay, working with children as the club's Director of New Generations. He presents a radio show on 90.1 HappyFM in Victor Harbor, which includes conducting interviews with local figures in the Victor Harbor community.<mask> also remains active in many community sporting organisations following his retirement. References

External links

 SA Parliament profile. <mask> Justice of the Peace public listing. 1944 births
Living people
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of South Australia
Members of the South Australian House of Assembly
Australian educators
Australian religious leaders
20th-century Australian politicians
People from South Australia

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Stewart Ronald Leggett
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