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<mask> (born 1959) is a Croatian-American mathematician working in the area of geometric group theory. He is a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Mathematics at the University of Utah. Biographical info
<mask> is a three-time medalist at the International Mathematical Olympiad (two silver medals in 1976 and 1978 and a bronze medal in 1977). He received a B. Sc. in 1982 from the University of Zagreb. He obtained a PhD in Mathematics in 1984 at the University of Tennessee under the direction of John Walsh. He was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in 1987-88 and again in 1990–91.<mask> had been a faculty member at UCLA, and joined the faculty in the Department of Mathematics at the University of Utah in 1993. He was appointed a Distinguished Professor at the University of Utah in 2008. <mask> received the Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship in 1988–89 and a Presidential Young Investigator Award in 1988–91. <mask> gave an invited address at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Beijing in 2002. He also gave a Unni Namboodiri Lecture in Geometry and Topology at the University of Chicago. <mask> served as an Editorial Board member for the Transactions of the American Mathematical Society and as an associate editor of the Annals of Mathematics. Currently he is an editorial board member for Duke Mathematical Journal, Geometric and Functional Analysis, Geometry and Topology, the Journal of Topology and Analysis, Groups, Geometry and Dynamics, Michigan Mathematical Journal, Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics, and Glasnik Matematicki.In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society. Mathematical contributions
A 1988 monograph of Bestvina gave an abstract topological characterization of universal Menger compacta in all dimensions; previously only the cases of dimension 0 and 1 were well understood. John Walsh wrote in a review of <mask>'s monograph: 'This work, which formed the author's Ph.D. thesis at the University of Tennessee, represents a monumental step forward, having moved the status of the topological structure of higher-dimensional Menger compacta from one of "close to total ignorance" to one of "complete understanding".' In a 1992 paper <mask> and Feighn obtained a Combination Theorem for word-hyperbolic groups. The theorem provides a set of sufficient conditions for amalgamated free products and HNN extensions of word-hyperbolic groups to again be word-hyperbolic. The Bestvina–Feighn Combination Theorem became a standard tool in geometric group theory and has had many applications and generalizations (e.g.). <mask> and Feighn also gave the first published treatment of Rips' theory of stable group actions on R-trees (the Rips machine) In particular their paper gives a proof of the Morgan–Shalen conjecture that a finitely generated group G admits a free isometric action on an  R-tree if and only if G is a free product of surface groups, free groups and free abelian groups.A 1992 paper of <mask> and Handel introduced the notion of a train track map for representing elements of Out(Fn). In the same paper they introduced the notion of a relative train track and applied train track methods to solve the Scott conjecture which says that for every automorphism α of a finitely generated free group Fn the fixed subgroup of α is free of rank at most n.  Since then train tracks became a standard tool in the study of algebraic, geometric and dynamical properties of automorphisms of free groups and of subgroups of Out(Fn). Examples of applications of train tracks include: a theorem of Brinkmann proving that for an automorphism α of Fn the mapping torus group of α is word-hyperbolic if and only if α has no periodic conjugacy classes; a theorem of Bridson and Groves that for every automorphism α of Fn the mapping torus group of α satisfies a quadratic isoperimetric inequality; a proof of algorithmic solvability of the conjugacy problem for free-by-cyclic groups; and others. <mask>, Feighn and Handel later proved that the group Out(Fn) satisfies the Tits alternative, settling a long-standing open problem. In a 1997 paper <mask> and Brady developed a version of discrete Morse theory for cubical complexes and applied it to study homological finiteness properties of subgroups of right-angled Artin groups. In particular, they constructed an example of a group which provides a counter-example to either the Whitehead asphericity conjecture or to the Eilenberg−Ganea conjecture, thus showing that at least one of these conjectures must be false. Brady subsequently used their Morse theory technique to construct the first example of a finitely presented subgroup of a word-hyperbolic group that is not itself word-hyperbolic.Selected publications
<mask>, Mladen, Characterizing k-dimensional universal Menger compacta. Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 71 (1988), no. 380
<mask>, Mladen; Feighn, Mark, Bounding the complexity of simplicial group actions on trees. Inventiones Mathematicae, vol. 103 (1991), no. 3, pp.449–469
<mask>, Mladen; Mess, Geoffrey, The boundary of negatively curved groups. Journal of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 4 (1991), no. 3, pp. 469–481
<mask> <mask>, and Michael Handel, Train tracks and automorphisms of free groups. Annals of Mathematics (2), vol. 135  (1992),  no.1, pp. 1–51
M<mask> and M. Feighn, A combination theorem for negatively curved groups. Journal of Differential Geometry, Volume 35 (1992), pp. 85–101
M. <mask> and M. Feighn. Stable actions of groups on real trees. Inventiones Mathematicae, vol. 121 (1995), no.2, pp. 287 321
<mask>, <mask> and Brady, Noel, Morse theory and finiteness properties of groups. Inventiones Mathematicae, vol. 129 (1997), no. 3, pp. 445–470
<mask> <mask>, Mark Feighn, and Michael Handel. The Tits alternative for Out(Fn).I. Dynamics of exponentially-growing automorphisms. Annals of Mathematics (2), vol. 151  (2000),  no. 2, pp. 517–623
<mask> <mask>, Mark Feighn, and Michael Handel. The Tits alternative for Out(Fn). II.A Kolchin type theorem. Annals of Mathematics (2), vol. 161  (2005),  no. 1, pp. 1–59
<mask>, Mladen; Bux, Kai-Uwe; Margalit, Dan, The dimension of the Torelli group. Journal of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 23 (2010), no.1, pp. 61–105

See also
Real tree
Artin group
Out(Fn)
Train track map
Pseudo-Anosov map
Word-hyperbolic group
Mapping class group
Whitehead conjecture

References

External links
<mask> <mask>, personal webpage, Department of Mathematics, University of Utah

Living people
1959 births
Group theorists
Topologists
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century mathematicians
University of Utah faculty
Yugoslav emigrants to the United States
Croatian mathematicians
University of Tennessee alumni
Institute for Advanced Study visiting scholars
Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb alumni
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society
People from Osijek
International Mathematical Olympiad participants
Sloan Research Fellows

masks:
Mladen Bestvina
Mladen Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Mladen
Bestvina
. Bestvina
Bestvina
Bestvina
Mladen
Mladen
Bestvina
Mladen
Bestvina
Bestvina
Mladen
Bestvina


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<mask> "<mask>" <mask> (born September 22, 1979) is an American former professional basketball player who played professionally for 15 seasons in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). She currently serves as vice president of basketball operations and team development for the New Orleans Pelicans. A prolific scorer and rebounder, as well as a capable ball handler and defender, she helped lead the University of Connecticut women's basketball team to national titles in 2000 and 2002. In her second WNBA season, she led the Detroit Shock to their first ever WNBA title. In 2015, she was named a studio analyst for MSG Networks covering the New York Knicks pre-games and post-games as well as the weekly coaches show. In 2017, <mask> was named the Director of franchise development for the New York Liberty. Although <mask> was intended to be inducted into the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame in June 2020, the induction ceremony was postponed to August 21, 2021, as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.Personal life
<mask> was born in the Pittsburgh suburb of McKeesport and raised by her mother, Cynthia. She has two brothers named Stephen and Kevin Menifee and one sister, Angelique Menifee. She holds basketball camps and clinics under her company, Swin Cash Enterprise LLC, and is involved in charity events through the WNBA. <mask> married longtime boyfriend Steve Canal in Atlanta, Georgia. High school
<mask> attended McKeesport Area High School in McKeesport, where she participated in many activities. She "tried her hands at" baseball, track, and cheerleading, but her true passion was entertainment, which she expressed in school plays and drama class. <mask> is best known for her basketball skills, which earned her a place on the national WBCA All-American team.She participated in the WBCA High School All-America Game where she scored fourteen points, and earned MVP honors. <mask> was an All-American at the University of Connecticut (UConn). She won the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship with the UConn Huskies in 2000 and 2002. She also helped lead UConn to an undefeated 39–0 season in 2002. Swin was a member of the inaugural class (2006) of inductees to the University of Connecticut women's basketball "Huskies of Honor" recognition program. Professional career
<mask> was selected by the Detroit Shock in the 2002 WNBA Draft, second overall. After leading the Shock's resurgence in the second half of her rookie season, she then led the Detroit Shock to their first WNBA Championship title in 2003.She played in the 2003 WNBA All-Star Game and won the gold medal with the U.S. women's basketball team at the 2004 Olympic Games. In the off-season, <mask> has appeared as a studio analyst on ESPN's NBA Fastbreak  (according to ESPN.com) and during the 2008 Beijing Olympic games, she alternated with Teresa Edwards in presenting in-game commentary for NBC's presentation of the women's basketball tournament from the network's New York broadcast studios. <mask> appeared (as herself) in the movie Bring It On: All or Nothing. <mask> received the Dapper Dan Sportswoman of the Year award given to someone who shows excellence to the Pittsburgh area. She was also honored with Sidney Crosby and Dan Rooney. <mask> left Detroit for the 2008 season after "struggling to build a consistent relationship with Detroit Shock head coach Bill Laimbeer". On February 19, 2008, <mask> was traded to the Seattle Storm for the draft rights of No.4 pick in the 2008 WNBA draft. The Shock selected Alexis Hornbuckle with their draft pick. <mask> along with Sue Bird and Lauren Jackson helped the Storm win their second championship in 2010. On January 2, 2012, in perhaps the WNBA's biggest blockbuster trade news thus far, <mask> was traded, along with Le'Coe Willingham, to the Chicago Sky joining All- Star Sylvia Fowles. <mask> has been suffering from a herniated disk for more than two years, an injury suffered while helping the Detroit Shock win the WNBA championship in 2006. In 2009, she came back to Connecticut to lead the Western Conference over the Eastern Conference at Mohegan Sun in Uncasville, Connecticut. She led all scorers with an All-Star record of 22 points in a 130–118 win.The previous high was 20 by <mask>'s former Detroit teammate, Deanna Nolan, in 2005. <mask> was invited to the USA Basketball Women's National Team training camp in the fall of 2009. The team selected to play for the 2010 FIBA World Championship and the 2012 Olympics is usually chosen from these participants. At the conclusion of the training camp, the team will travel to Ekaterinburg, Russia, where they compete in the 2009 UMMC Ekaterinburg International Invitational. <mask> was one of twenty players named to the national team pool. Twelve of this group will be chosen to represent the US in the 2010 World Championships and the 2012 Olympics. <mask> was selected to be a member of the National team representing the US at the World Championships held in September and October 2010.The team was coached by Geno Auriemma. Because many team members were still playing in the WNBA until just prior to the event, the team had only one day of practice with the entire team before leaving for Ostrava and Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic. Even with limited practice, the team managed to win its first games against Greece by 26 points. The team continued to dominate with victory margins exceeding 20 points in the first five games. Several players shared scoring  honors, with <mask>, Angel McCoughtry, Maya Moore, Diana Taurasi, Lindsay Whalen, and Sylvia Fowles all ending as high scorer in the first few games. The sixth game was against undefeated Australia — the USA jumped out to a 24-point lead and the USA prevailed 83–75. The USA won its next two games by over 30 points, then faced the host team, the Czech Republic, in the championship game.The USA team had only a five-point lead at halftime, which was cut to three points, but the Czechs never got closer. Team USA went on to win the championship and gold medal. <mask> averaged 8.6 points per game. <mask> was named as one of the  National team members to represent the USA Basketball team in the WNBA versus USA Basketball. This game replaces the normal WNBA All-Star game with WNBA All-Stars versus USA Basketball, as part of the preparation for the FIBA World Championship for Women to be held in the Czech Republic during September and October 2010. <mask> was one of 21 finalists for the U.S. Women's Olympic Basketball Team Roster. The 20 professional women's basketball players, plus one collegiate player (Brittney Griner), were selected by the USA Basketball Women's National Team Player Selection Committee to compete for the final roster which will represent the US at the 2012 Olympics in London.<mask> made the final roster and played for the U.S. team that won the 2012 Olympic gold medal. Washington and Jefferson College awarded <mask> with an honorary degree in Doctorate of Public Service at their commencement ceremonies in May 2011 to honor her charity work. <mask> is the founder of the Pennsylvania-based Cash for Kids charitable organization. <mask> was waived by New York Liberty on May 11, 2016. On May 24, 2016, it was reported that <mask> re-signed with the Liberty for the remainder of the season. She was immediately eligible for their game versus the Atlanta Dream on that day. On June 7, 2016, <mask> announced that she would retire at the end of the 2016 season.Anti-racism and anti-violence activism
<mask> is an advocate against gun violence and police brutality. In 2016, she was fined $500 by the Association, along with her teammates and players from two other WNBA teams, for wearing warm up shirts that read "#BlackLivesMatter" and "#Dallas5", both serving as references to gun violence. In a post-game debriefing following the incident, <mask> stated:I think it’s a shame that we keep seeing people that want to make this movement as something that’s violent. Five cops gave their lives up trying to protect a peaceful movement. And in this country, I do believe that you can assemble peacefully and protest against injustice. So until the system transforms, we cannot sit here and act like there is not a problem here in America.She said that part of what motivated her to take a stance against police violence was the Civil Rights Movement era stories her grandmother told her. She recognizes that police brutality is an aspect of racial activism, and she fears that because police are able to kill unarmed people without facing arrests, a regression to pre-Civil Rights laws and practices may occur for black people.In addition, her brother, Kevin Menifee, was allegedly beaten by police officers, who broke his nose.

masks:
Swintayla Marie
Swin
Cash Canal
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
College Cash
Cash
Cash
Swin
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
Cash
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Cash
Cash
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Cash
Cash


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This page is about the painter, for the New York politician see <mask><mask>. <mask>  (4 December 1833 – 19 January 1905) was an Anglo-American landscape and genre painter, illustrator and writer. Life and work
Boughton was born in Norwich in Norfolk, England, the son of farmer <mask>. The family immigrated to the United States in 1835, and he grew up in Albany, New York where he started his career as a self-taught artist. At this early stage he was influenced by the artists of the Hudson River School. By the age of 19 he was recognised as a landscape painter and opened his first studio in 1852. In 1853, the American Art Union purchased one of his early pictures which financed six months of studying art in England.He concluded this period of his training with a sketching tour of the Lake District, Scotland and Ireland. After coming back to the USA, <mask> exhibited his works in Washington, D.C. and New York, but in the late 1850s he finally made a decision to move to Europe. From 1859–61 he studied art in France under Pierre Edouard Frère (1819–1886) and Edward Harrison May (1824–1887). In 1861 <mask> opened a studio in London, and, although living in England, nevertheless focused on subjects of early American Colonial history, and an American critic noticed that "for early history of this country his talents seems to be peculiarly fitted." His subject-pictures, such as the Early Puritans of New England Going to Church (1867), were especially popular. The Return of the Mayflower (shown at the Goupil Gallery, New York in 1871) was praised as "a picture which will live as long as the memory of the Mayflower itself lasts." Vincent van Gogh, who lived London in 1873–75, was much impressed by <mask>’s painting Godspeed!Pilgrims Setting Out for Canterbury. Then working as a minister, he gave a sermon inspired by the painting, and wrote about it to his brother Theo. The Boughton painting is now part of the collection of the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. Boughton illustrated Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and  <mask> Longfellow's poems. In 1893, the edition of Washington Irving’s Rip Van Winkle and Sleepy Hollow was published in London with 53 illustrations by Boughton (see bibliography). A London critic once declared that he "has learnt the secret of putting natural feelings into rustic figures, which has been almost entirely wanting to English painters." Boughton exhibited extensively in both Britain and USA, and was elected a member of the National Academy of Design in New York in 1871.He was elected a member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours, an Associate of the Royal Academy (ARA) in 1879, and a Royal Academician (RA) in 1896. "He was a useful and popular member of this body, and worked well as member of the council, as a 'hanger', and as a teacher in the schools." After the death of John Callcott Horsley, <mask> was elected a Director of the "Fine Art and General Insurance Company". Among his landscape paintings - views of England and Brittany in France. In 1883, he travelled to Holland. His illustrated account of that journey was published in the Harper's Magazine as 'Artist Strolls in Holland', and published next year in London as Sketching Rambles in Holland (see bibliography). Boughton obviously took pleasure in writing: later he would participate in the publication of the 'English Art in the Public Galleries of London' providing the overview of <mask>'s biography and work.Boughton easily socialised in London artistic circles and was a member of the Arts Club (1869–96), of the Reform Club, the Athenaeum Club, the Burlington Fine Arts Club and the Grolier and Lotos Clubs in New York. In 1865, Boughton married Katherine Louise Cullen (1845-after 1901), and they had an adopted daughter, Florence. Along with John Callcott Horsley, he was one of the early clients of architect Richard Norman Shaw who built a house for the Boughtons on Campden Hill, London. "The parties given here by Mr and Mrs Boughton were celebrated among artistic and literary people and in the Anglo-American section of the society." It was noticed that Boughton was influenced by works of British painter and illustrator Frederick Walker (1840–1875). In the 1870s in London he met James Whistler. In 1878, an American reviewer praised them as "shining lights in the art world" of London.<mask> published vivid recollections about Whistler, particularly mentioning his work on the famous ‘Peacock Room'. In 1877 he made an acquaintance with <mask> (1843–1916). The female novelist Violet Hunt (1862–1942) based her novels Their Lives (1916) and Their Hearts (1921) on her early love affair with Boughton. The novel Christina Chard (1894) by Mrs Rosa Campbell-Praed (1851–1935), an Australian novelist, was dedicated to Boughton, because he had suggested the idea of the book. In the 1880s-1890s, he was associated with several artistic colonies in countryside, namely with the village of Broadway in Worcestershire, the rustic beauty of which was recognised by many American artists. Along with <mask>, Edwin Abbey, John Singer Sargent and others, he frequently visited Broadway. Through Horsley and Shaw he also was associated with the Cranbrook Colony of artists, visiting them in the late 1860s-1880s.<mask> died of heart disease, on 19 January 1905, in his studio at Campden Hill, north London. His obituary stated that "he was kindly, genial, humorous, a lover of a good story, the essence of hospitality, and wholly free from jealousy, malice, and incharitable judgments." His paintings are now represented in many museums in the United States and Europe. Works

References

Further reading
<mask>, <mask>. Sketching rambles in Holland (New York, Harper & Brothers, 1885). Records of The Arts Club, London;

<mask>, G. H. 'A Few of the Various Whistlers I have Known' (Studio, vol. 30, December 1903) pp.208–18. Baldry, Alfred Lys. G. H. <mask>, R. A. His Life and Work (Virtue & Co, London, 1904). Paintings and Sculpture in the Collection of the National Academy of Design (New York, 2004. Vol.1) pp. 59–61.Books Illustrated by <mask>
Irving, Washington. Rip Van Winkle and, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow (London: New York : Macmillan, 1893)
Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter (1908)

External links

G H Boughton online (ArtCyclopedia)
G H Boughton - short biography (Turak Gallery)
G H Boughton - short biography ("The vault at PFAFFs")
paintings by Boughton (The Athaenaeum)
G H Boughton pictures (ArtMagick)
Hudson River school visions: the landscapes of Sanford R. Gifford, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Boughton (see index)

1833 births
1905 deaths
19th-century American painters
American male painters
20th-century American painters
American genre painters
19th-century English painters
English male painters
20th-century English painters
English illustrators
Royal Academicians
Artists from Norwich
Artists from Albany, New York
English emigrants to the United States
Members of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours

masks:
George H
. Boughton
George Henry Boughton
William Boughton
Boughton
Boughton
Boughton
Henry Wadsworth
Boughton
George Morland
Boughton
Henry James
Henry James
Boughton
Boughton
George Henry
Boughton
Boughton
Boughton


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<mask> is a Spanish music education pedagogue and musicologist, awarded the Premio Acción Magistral (Master Action Prize) 2010 by UNESCO, as best professor of Spain. Her books, discs, and interactive software for young students and teachers are published in Spain by Pearson Education (27 books and 18 CD in 2010, 2009) and Oxford University Press (9 books and 8 CD in 2005, 2004, 2003). She is member of the organization and Jury in Ibiza International Piano Competition. Studies and professional activity

Born in Palma de Majorca, Spain, she has the Musicology Ph.D. awarded by the University of Salamanca (2005). She made her postgraduate academic degree at University of Salamanca and University of London, Royal Holloway College (1996-1998). She has the Musicology Degree (1996) and History of Art Degree (1996) at University of Salamanca. She also has the Master's Degrees of piano (1992), singing (2000), music composition (2000) and music theory (2001), with the highest qualifications, at the Balearic Islands, Salamanca and Seville Conservatories of Music.She is Music Teacher in Secondary Education at Madrid (1998-current), Didactic of Music Associated Professor at University of Valladolid (2008-2012), Didactic of Music Associated Professor at Universidad Internacional de La Rioja UNIR (2012-current) and Didactic of Music Associated Professor at Universidad a distancia de Madrid UDIMA (2012-current) . This collection, for music students and teachers in Spanish and English, published also in the Catala, and Valencian languages. Another work is “Música. Proyecto Exedra” (Music. Exedra Project) published by Oxford University Press (9 books and 8 CD in 2005, 2004, 2003). She also wrote Tosca by Giacomo Puccini published by University of Salamanca (2007) and more than 100 articles in magazines, books, and notes for concerts and recitals. Singer and pianist

She gave recitals as singer and pianist at festivals including “Classics of XXIst Century” at Juan March Institute, Ibiza International Music Festival, Mozart Festival with the Balearics Symphony Orchestra at Auditorium of Palma de Majorca, Contemporary Scene Festival Círculo de Bellas Artes at Madrid, Salamanca Contemporary Music International Festival, Seville Opera Festival, Cordoba Sensxperiment Festival, Valencia Nits d’Art d’Aielo, Alcalá de Henares Cathedral International Organ Festival, Siena Accademia dei Rozzi (Italy), Würzburg Residence (Germany), Esztergom Summer University Festival (Hungary).Since 1985 and every Christmas Eve Mass she performed El Cant de la Sibil·la (The Song of the Sibyl, UNESCO World Heritage Site) at Sant James church in Palma de Majorca (Spain). Membership and investigation groups

She is a member of Sociedad General de Autores y Editores (SGAE, General Association for Authors and Publishers), Asociación Colegial de Escritores de España (ACE, Professional Association of Spanish Writers), CEDRO (Spanish Association for Copyright) and, since 1987, of the organization of Ibiza International Piano Competition (President of Honour Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark). She was a member of research groups: “System of management of the learning in platforms VLE” (“Sistema de gestión del aprendizaje en plataformas VLE”) (University of Valladolid), in the INNPACTO program sponsored by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (2010-2012); “Festival of the Knowledge” (“Festival del Conocimiento”) inside ARCE program sponsored by Spanish Ministry of Education (2010-2011) and “Music and philosophy. The interdisciplinary nature of the postvanguard” (“Música y filosofía. La interdisciplinariedad de la postvanguardia”) inside the Teachers Resources Program of Seville sponsored by Andalusia Government, Spain (1999-2001). External links
 Ibiza International Piano Competition
 Salamanca University Press
 Pearson
 Centro Transdisciplinar de Investigación en Educación de la Universidad de Valladolid
 Librería Rayuela
 Unesco-Fad Prize
 Women Composers Catalogue

Spanish classical composers
21st-century classical composers
Living people
Women classical composers
University of Salamanca alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century women composers


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<mask> (, 25 May 1892 – 8 December 1922) was an Irish republican and Sinn Féin politician. Born in England to an English father and Irish mother, he grew up in Ashton-under-Lyne before moving to Ireland, being raised in Cork, Dublin and his mother's native Wexford. He was active with the Irish Republican Brotherhood and Irish Volunteers, and participated in the Easter Rising in County Galway and the War of Independence. Elected as a TD to the First Dáil, he rejected the Anglo-Irish Treaty. During the Irish Civil War <mask> was captured by Pro-Treaty forces after the surrender of the Four Courts in June 1922. On 8 December 1922 he was one of four senior IRA men executed by the Provisional Government. Early life
<mask> was born at the Hartshead Military Barracks in Ashton-under-Lyne on 25 May 1892, the son of <mask>, an English man who worked as an NCO in the British Army, and Sarah Jordan, an Irish woman from Inch, County Wexford.His family moved to 10 Annadale Avenue in the Fairview area of Dublin in February 1895, when his father was transferred there; <mask> remained in Wexford with his grandfather, Patrick Jordan, due to ill health. He attended the military school in Wellington Barracks in Cork and the Portobello garrison school in Dublin, but ultimately refused a military career much to his father's disappointment, instead working as a clerk in several Dublin firms, including the Junior Army & Navy Stores on D'Olier Street. Career

Entry into politics
<mask> was an Irish nationalist from an early age. In 1911, he purchased a copy of Irish Freedom, which began, "We stand for Ireland..." He approached Thomas Clarke in his shop, who recruited him into Fianna Éireann, an organisation of young republicans. He also met Secretary Patrick O'Ryan, Con Colbert, and Eamon Martin, who would be a lifelong friend. At the next meeting, <mask>' brothers all signed up. On 7 April 1911 he was sworn to secrecy by the Irish Republican Brotherhood.<mask> was proposed for the post of Organiser and travelling instructor. He founded the Sluagh at Dolphins Barn, Co Wexford, which was a success. He established more Sluagdste at Ferns and Enniscorthy in Easter 1912. <mask> cycled everywhere, which was cheap and convenient; he was promoted Captain by Ard Choisde. In June 1913, <mask> stayed at Waterford IRB Centre with <mask> in the Gaelic League Room, Williams street. <mask> was organising sports in Tuam in September 1913 when he was introduced to socialist James Connolly at Countess Markievicz's residence, where Connolly was recuperating after his hunger strike. Connolly was deeply impressed and told his daughter Nora 'I have found a real man'.<mask> was called back to Dublin on 25 November 1913. He was active in the IRB and was a founder member of the Irish Volunteers, being brought onto its Organising Committee to strengthen the Fianna representation. He was given a full-time job on 30 s. p/wk. He joined forces with Éamonn Ceannt and Sir Horace Plunkett at the Provisional Committee choosing to support the parliamentary route taken by  Roger Casement. But as an employee he was compelled to agree with Redmondite candidates; although he had voted against the Nationalists pro-British policy. He was arrested and jailed on several occasions under the Defence of the Realm Act. On 1 August his company were taking an arms shipment from Howth to Dublin, when they fired on RIC at Clontarf.That evening De Valera took him by car to Kilcoole. Guns were loaded on a charabanc in Bray at night and then distributed in Dublin from a fleet of taxis. He was sent to Galway, and made his base at Athenry. There he met Seán Mac Diarmada and was appointed as election scrutineer at Tuam. On Sunday 18 May 1915, they were at an anti-enlistment rally, when arrested by Inspector Comerford with a gun in his back. Mac Diarmada was searched: they found a note book of IRB lists on his person. He was sentenced to 6 months.<mask> got away. He started a training group at Kynoch's Fort, south Galway recruiting men from miles around. On 1 July he was arrested at Courttown Harbour. He was sentenced to 3 months. Both men were sent to Mountjoy Prison. Months later he was with volunteers at Tullamore, when they were attacked by machine-guns, and fleeing the Hall over rooftops, made off by motor-bike; <mask> returned to post a letter to protect comrades. A week later he was arrested at Julia Morrissey's house.The British took him by train to Arbour Hill Prison, before he was shipped to England, and Leek. 1916 Easter Rising
Eventually escaping from Reading Jail he returned to Ireland to command the "Western Division" (forces operating in the West of Ireland) of the IRA during the Easter Rising of 1916. He led roughly 700 Volunteers in abortive attacks on Royal Irish Constabulary stations at Oranmore, and Clarinbridge in county Galway taking over the town of Athenry. However, his men were very badly armed and supplied and they dispersed after a week, when British troops and the cruiser  were sent west to attack them. In the aftermath of the Uprising over three hundred Galway Volunteers were deported to jails across England and Scotland. <mask> and a number of other local IRA leaders were able to evade capture after the station master of Athenry, James Miggins, delayed a detachment of incoming British troops. After this insurrection failed, <mask> escaped to the United States, where he was arrested and detained without trial in the "Tombs" prison, New York, on a charge of attempting to aid the German side in the First World War.This was in the context of incidents like the Black Tom and Kingsland explosions, where German agents had bombed neutral American ports and industrial facilities. After his release in 1918, he worked with John Devoy and helped to organise Éamon de Valera's fund raising visit to America in 1919–1920. He returned to Ireland to become Irish Republican Army "Director of Supplies" during the Irish War of Independence, responsible for buying arms. At the 1918 general election, he was elected to the First Dáil as a Sinn Féin candidate for both Galway East and for Meath North. (According to United Kingdom law, these were Westminster constituencies but Sinn Féin did not recognise them as such, but rather took them as de facto Dáil constituencies). Opponent of the Treaty
<mask> considered the Anglo-Irish Treaty as signed to be a betrayal of the Irish Republic, saying, in the Treaty Debates of 1921–22:

A conference of nine TDs was deputed to meet privately on 5 January 1922 to resolve the dispute and to achieve a unified front by compromise. The four other anti-Treaty TDs said there was agreement but <mask> did not, and was seen thereafter by pro-Treaty TDs as one of their most implacable opponents.The following day the Dáil voted to approve the Treaty by a majority of 64 to 57. Details on the private conference and the private Dáil session debate were not made public until the 1970s. He wrote a social programme based on the Dáil's Democratic Programme of 1919 aimed at winning popular support for the anti-Treaty cause. Civil war and execution
<mask> was one of the more strident TDs on the approach to the Irish Civil War. On 28 April 1922 he told the Dáil:

<mask> was one of a number of senior figures in the Anti-Treaty IRA faction that had occupied the Four Courts since April. However, on 28 June the building was bombarded by pro-Treaty Free State forces, and the IRA garrison was forced to surrender after two days. <mask> had a chance to escape along with Ernie O'Malley, but did not take it (see also Battle of Dublin).Imprisoned in Mountjoy Gaol in the Phibsborough area of Dublin, <mask> (along with Rory O'Connor, Joe McKelvey and Dick Barrett) was executed by firing squad on 8 December 1922, in reprisal for the shooting of Pro-Treaty TD Seán Hales (see executions during the Irish Civil War). These executions, and their effects on their fellow prisoners, are described in Peadar O'Donnell's Irish Civil War memoir The Gates Flew Open. Ideology
In 1922 The Irish Labour Party posthumously published a document entitled "<mask>'s Jail Programme", based on notes <mask> had smuggled out of jail after being captured by the Irish Free State. In this document, <mask> outlines a 10 point programme he proposed that the Anti-Treaty IRA adopt in 1922:
 Ownership and control of all heavy industries by the state for the benefit of all the people
 Complete ownership of the transport system by the state
 State ownership of all banks
 Confiscation of all the large ranches and estates, without compensation to the landed aristocracy, and the distribution of the land among the landless farmers and agricultural labourers. Election of joint councils representatives of these two classes to distribute and manage the land. Abolition of all forms of tenure and indebtedness either to private owners or to the state. Cancellation of all debts and mortgages.Establishment of an all-around shorter working day
 Control of workshop conditions, to be vested in a joint council representing the workers' Trade Unions concerned and the state
 Municipalisation of all public services: Trams, light, heat, water, etc and free use by the workers
 Compulsory rationing of all available household accommodation and the abolishing of all rents
 Full maintenance for the unemployed at full Trade Union rates until useful work at Trade Union rates of wages can be provided
 The universal arming of all workers in the town and country to defend their rights

Dr. Pat Walsh opines that <mask> was not a Communist nor a Marxist, but simply a nationalist who, in a situation of desperation for the Republican forces who looked set to lose the Civil War, thought that only by bringing workers into the national struggle could the Republican forces survive. "It was with great reluctance," Walsh writes, "that Mellows advocated this course." Writing for An Phoblacht in January 2010, Sinn Fein's Eoin Ó Broin also discussed <mask>' Marxist political positions. In the article, Ó Broin quotes <mask>' "Jail notes", in which <mask>' applies Marxist theory to Ireland and advocates for a "People's Republic". Ó Broin concludes the article by suggesting that Sinn Féin should take up these positions. Commemoration

Mellows is commemorated by statues in Eyre Square in Galway, in the official name of the Irish Defence Forces army barracks at Renmore (Dún Úi Maoilíosa) and in the naming of Mellows Bridge in Dublin. He is also commemorated in the names of two GAA clubs (one in Galway, and Castletown Liam Mellows GAA Club  in Wexford), and by Unidare RFC in Ballymun and their "Liam Mellows Perpetual Cup".<mask> is buried in Castletown cemetery, County Wexford, a few miles from Arklow. An annual commemoration ceremony is held at his grave site, in which a wreath is laid by a member of the <mask>lows Commemoration committee. "<mask> Avenue" in Arklow is named in his honour, as is "<mask> Street" in Tuam, County Galway, "Liam Mellows Park" in Renmore, Galway, Teagasc Rural Economy Research Centre "Mellows Campus", Athenry, Galway and Wexford town, and Mellowes (sic) Road in Finglas, Dublin. In 2016, Fianna Fáil leader Micheál Martin TD unveiled a new gravestone for <mask>. In December 2019, a memorial statue was unveiled in Finglas. References

Further reading
Conor McNamara, '<mask>, Soldier of the Irish Republic, Selected Writings 1914-22' (Irish Academic Press, 2019). Greaves, C. Desmond.2004 [New edition]. <mask> and the Irish Revolution. Belfast: Foilseacháin an Ghlór Gafa. .
Dáil Treaty Debates
Photo of Mellowes 1922
'Fleshpots of Empire' speech (see above) 4 January 1922

External links
1911 census return
1901 census return

 <mask>, DP10200 in Ireland's Military Service Pensions Collection
 file relating to military service pension (1)
 file relating to military service pension (2)
 file relating to military service pension (3)
 file relating to military service pension (4)

1895 births
1922 deaths
Early Sinn Féin TDs
Executed Irish people
Irish communists
Irish Republican Army (1919–1922) members
Irish Republican Army (1922–1969) members
Members of the 1st Dáil
Members of the 2nd Dáil
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Galway constituencies (1801–1922)
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Meath constituencies (1801–1922)
People executed by Ireland by firing squad
People executed by the Irish Free State
People killed in the Irish Civil War
People of the Easter Rising
People of the Irish Civil War (Anti-Treaty side)
Politicians from County Wexford
Politicians from Manchester
Syndicalists
UK MPs 1918–1922

masks:
William Joseph Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
William Joseph Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Liam Walsh
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Liam Mellow
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Mellows
Liam Mel
Liam Mellows
Liam Mellows
Mellows
Liam Mellows
Liam Mellows
Liam Mellows


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<mask> (born 27 May 1987) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist currently competing in the Lightweight division. A professional since 2005, he formerly competed for the UFC, RIZIN, and Fight Nights Global. He was the winner of Spike TV's The Ultimate Fighter: Team Bisping vs. Team Miller. Mixed martial arts career

Early career
<mask> made his MMA debut against Michel Bastos, winning via submission. He went 3-1 before fighting against UFC veteran Ronys Torres. He lost the fight by TKO due to punches.He then fought longtime UFC veteran Brian Foster and won via KO in the first round. Following the contest he won 6 and lost four of his next ten fights, with 3 wins by KO, 2 by submission and 1 by decision, before signing with the UFC. <mask> later became a member of Jackson's MMA in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The Ultimate Fighter
In 2011, <mask> signed with the UFC to compete on The Ultimate Fighter: Team Bisping vs. Team Miller. In the first episode, <mask> fought Jesse Newell to gain entry into the Ultimate Fighter house. <mask> quickly defeated Newell via first round knockout.He was the number one featherweight pick for Team Bisping. <mask> proved to be a loose cannon with confrontations with Marcus Brimage and Steven Siler. In the fifth episode it was announced that he would fight Siler on episode six. In this fight <mask> charged out of the gate with a flying knee and knocked Siler unconscious 30 seconds into the first round with a left hook. With this win he advanced to the semi finals to fight former WEC fighter, Bryan Caraway. <mask> defeated Caraway via KO due to a flying knee and follow up punches late in the first round. With the win over Caraway, <mask> moved on to the finale against Dennis Bermudez.Ultimate Fighting Championship
<mask> officially made his UFC debut on 3 December 2011, at The Ultimate Fighter 14 Finale against Dennis Bermudez to determine the first ever featherweight winner of The Ultimate Fighter 14. After a back-and-forth first round <mask> was knocked down and hit with heavy shots on the ground until he caught Bermudez with an armbar, and quickly forced the tapout. With his performance, <mask> was awarded Fight of the Night andSubmission of the Night honors, giving him a total of $80,000 in bonuses. During the post-fight interview <mask> proclaimed of his mother; "The only thing on my mind [is to] buy her [a] house". <mask> fought Darren Elkins on 26 May 2012, at UFC 146. <mask> lost the fight via unanimous decision. <mask> fought and defeated Joey Gambino on 13 October 2012, at UFC 153 via unanimous decision.<mask> faced Pablo Garza on 6 April 2013, at UFC on Fuel TV 9. <mask> faced Daniel Pineda on 17 August 2013, at UFC Fight Night 26. He won the back-and-forth fight via unanimous decision. <mask> faced Dustin Poirier on 28 December 2013, at UFC 168. There was some bad blood between the two that was evident during the staredown at the weigh-in, with Poirier claiming <mask> had threatened to "stab me in the neck." <mask> weighed in at 153 pounds, seven pounds over the accepted 146-pound limit for a featherweight non-title fight. <mask> would continue to cut weight and weighed in an hour later, but could only get down to 151.5 pounds.He was fined 25 percent of his purse, but the bout went on as scheduled. He lost the fight via TKO in the first round. <mask> was expected to face Will Chope on 23 March 2014, at UFC Fight Night 38. However, Chope was released from UFC when documents were released that showed Chope was discharged from the U.S. Air Force for domestic violence towards his ex-wife. <mask> was expected to face promotional newcomer Brian Ortega on 31 May 2014, at The Ultimate Fighter Brazil 3 Finale. However, <mask> pulled out of the bout in the days leading up to the event citing an injury. Due to the late nature of the change, officials did not try to find a replacement and Ortega was pulled from the card as well.<mask> faced Conor McGregor on 19 July 2014, at UFC Fight Night 46, replacing an injured Cole Miller. <mask> lost the fight via TKO in the first round. <mask> was expected to face Jimy Hettes on 31 January 2015, at UFC 183. However, the fight was canceled right before the event started, as Hettes passed out backstage. He was taken to a local hospital for precautionary reasons. Subsequently, the bout with Hettes was rescheduled for 18 April 2015, at UFC on Fox 15. <mask> won the fight due to a doctor stoppage between the first and second round.<mask> faced Katsunori Kikuno on 27 September 2015, at UFC Fight Night 75. He dropped his opponent in the bout's opening seconds and followed up with a flurry of punches earning a TKO stoppage. The win also earned him his first Performance of the Night bonus award. <mask> faced Brian Ortega on 2 January 2016, at UFC 195. After controlling the first two rounds with his striking, <mask> lost the fight via submission in the third round. On 15 January 2016, it was announced that Brandao had tested positive for marijuana stemming from an in-competition test on 2 January. On 28 April 2016, Brandao was released from the UFC on account of a felony arrest.In ten fights under the promotion, he held a record of 6-4. Fight Nights Global
On 20 October 2016, <mask> signed a contract to fight Russian mixed martial artist Rasul Mirzaev. However, on 3 December, Mirzaev pulled out of the bout for unknown reason. <mask> defeated Murad Machaev on 28 January 2017, at Fight Nights 58. Absolute Championship Akhmat

<mask> faced Salman Zhamaldaev on 26 March 2021 at ACA 120: Oliveira vs. Bibulatov. After tripping Salman in the second round, <mask> delivered an illegal soccer kick to the head of Salman while his knee was on the ground. Salman couldn't continue, hence it was announced as an DQ loss for <mask>.<mask> rematched Salman Zhamaldaev at ACA 127: Kerefov vs. Albaskhanov on 28 August 2021. <mask> lost the bout via majority decision. <mask> faced Alexey Polpudnikov at ACA 134: Bagov vs. Koshkin on December 17, 2021. <mask> lost the bout via TKO in the third round. Omielańczuk faced Bibert Tumenov on February 26, 2022 at ACA 136: Bukuev vs Akopyan. He lost the bout via body shot KO in the second round. Team Miller
|  (airdate)
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:15
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 2–0
| Steven Siler
| KO (punches)
| The Ultimate Fighter: Team Bisping vs.Team Miller
|  (airdate)
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:30
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 1–0
| Jesse Newell
| KO (punches)
| The Ultimate Fighter: Team Bisping vs. Team Miller
|  (airdate)
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:47
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|

See also
 List of male mixed martial artists

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
Brazilian male mixed martial artists
Featherweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai
Mixed martial artists utilizing Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Brazilian Muay Thai practitioners
Brazilian practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu
People awarded a black belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Brazilian sportspeople in doping cases
Doping cases in mixed martial arts
People from Manaus
Ultimate Fighting Championship male fighters

masks:
Diego Pereira Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Diego
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Diego
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Brandão
Diego
Diego
Diego
Diego
Brandão
Diego
Brandão


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<mask> (April 16, 1922 – September 20, 2005) was an American first baseman in professional baseball who played primarily in the low minor leagues. He is best remembered for his time with the Roswell Rockets of the Class C Longhorn League, for whom he hit 72 home runs in 1954, setting a professional baseball record that stood until 2001. Born in Welch, Oklahoma, he threw and batted left-handed, stood  tall and weighed . Early life
<mask> was born in Welch, Oklahoma, in 1922 to his father <mask>. and his mother Tennessee. He grew up in Oklahoma City and graduated from Capitol Hill High School in 1941. Professional baseball career
<mask> debuted in professional baseball with the Newport Dodgers in the Northeast Arkansas League in 1941. Hitting only three home runs in 59 games, he also went 0–10 as a pitcher when he was called up to the Little Rock Travelers in the Southern Association.During the winter of 1942, he played semi-professional ball. He served in the United States Navy from 1943 to 1945, and was stationed at Naval Air Station Norman, where he taught physical fitness and played baseball. During that time, he married his high school sweetheart Dorothy and lived in Oklahoma. Upon his return in 1946, <mask> settled in with the Amarillo Gold Sox in the West Texas–New Mexico League. He led the circuit with 48 home runs, 159 runs batted in, and a .301 batting average. The following season, his home run totals went down, though his production went up. He hit just 38 homers, but batted .350 and drew 151 walks, and was signed by the Boston Braves.In 1948, <mask> played in the Braves organization, going 0 for 1 in Class AAA with the Milwaukee Brewers, and posting fair stats with the Class AA  Hartford Chiefs (.275, 55 BB, 10 HR in 276 AB), while splitting time with Ray Sanders . It was <mask>'s only time outside the low minors, and left it inconclusive as to whether he could play in the majors or not. The Braves tried to send him to the Atlanta Crackers of the Southern Association but wanted to cut his salary. After four years in the U.S. Navy, <mask> was tired of taking orders and walked away. "I told them that I could make more money selling 24-inch shoestrings on any corner in Oklahoma City", he said. During this era in baseball, most major leaguers did not make much money. <mask> returned to Oklahoma in 1949, signing on for three seasons with the semi-pro Elk City Elks.He also opened a service station on busy U.S. Highway 66 with business partner Jack Riley. The Elks did well, especially in 1949 and 1950, and <mask> was a crowd favorite, known simply as "<mask>." Fans from western Oklahoma and the Texas Panhandle flocked to watch him knock home runs over the unique red rock wall of Ackley Park. By 1951, the oil-boom economy and the team had begun to lag, though, and <mask> decided to move on. At 30, <mask> joined up with the Class C Longhorn League for 1952, signing with the Artesia Drillers. During that year, his triple crown stats were .375-50-157, good enough to lead the league in homers, RBI, and walks (148). The next year, he led the league in walks (130), runs scored (135), and home runs (53), while maintaining a high average.After the season, he moved to Roswell. The Roswell Rockets' ballpark had a right field wall that was 329 feet from home. It was a prime target for <mask>, who was a left-handed pull hitter with an uppercut swing. In 1954, <mask> won the triple crown and also led the league in runs and walks for Roswell. In 138 games, he had 199 hits in 498 at bats for a .400 average. He also drove in 228 runs and walked 150 times. He hit 35 doubles, 3 triples, and 72 home runs – the latter, a professional baseball record that stood until Barry Bonds topped it in 2001.The previous record had been 69, and <mask> hit 13 home runs in the last 14 games to break the mark. He also became the first professional player to hit 50 homers in three straight seasons. "That summer the ball looked this big," he later said, circling an area the size of a ripe cantaloupe with his hands. Roswell was a small town, and Bauman was the biggest local attraction since the 1947 crash and suspected alien landing. After each home run fans pushed dollar bills through the fence at which the game would be stopped for a few minutes to collect all the money. <mask> could not duplicate his 1954 season in 1955, hitting 46 home runs with a batting average of .336. The following season, he played just 52 games and hit 17 homers.He retired in 1956 at age 34. For his professional baseball career, <mask>'s statistics were: 1,019 games, 982 runs scored, 1,166 hits, 337 home runs, 1,057 runs batted in, 974 walks, and a .337 batting average. Between his contracts, his business, and the cash fans gave him for home runs, <mask> made more money than some major league players. However, he always wondered if he could have made the majors himself if he had not spent three years of his career playing semi-pro ball. Later life and legacy
After his baseball career, <mask> continued to run the service station which he had started operating during the last years of his playing career. He lived in Roswell and died there on September 20, 2005. He was survived by his wife Dorothy.The <mask> Home Run Award is given out annually since 2002 to the minor league baseball player with the most home runs. Science fiction writer Harry Turtledove made <mask> the central character of his humorous short story "The Star and the Rockets". The longtime ballpark in Roswell, in which Bauman played, is now named <mask> Bauman Baseball Stadium. The address is 900 Block East Poe
Roswell, New Mexico, 88201. References

External links

SABR Journal

1922 births
2005 deaths
Amarillo Gold Sox players
Artesia Drillers players
Baseball players from Oklahoma
Hartford Chiefs players
Little Rock Travelers players
Milwaukee Brewers (minor league) players
Newport Dodgers players
People from Craig County, Oklahoma
Roswell Rockets players
United States Navy personnel of World War II
United States Navy sailors
Roswell Pirates players

masks:
Joe Willis Bauman
Bauman
Joe Sr
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Joe
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Bauman
Joe Bauman
Bauman
Joe


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<mask> (3 July 1908 - 19 July 1975) was a Romanian Jewish scientist and professor of neurosurgery, notable for pioneering neurosurgery in Israel and much of the Middle East. He was responsible for making the Israel Neurosurgical Society a member of both the European Neurosurgical Association and the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies. During his career, he served as a neurosurgeon, researcher, and professor in many areas of science and medicine including anatomy and neurosurgery. His scientific contributions laid the foundation for old and new generations of neurosurgical students who achieved high honors at the top of their profession, both in Israel and abroad. Early life

Professor <mask><mask> was born in Bucharest, Romania to <mask>, a merchant, and Buca née Leibovici, an art teacher. His parents only had one other child, a younger boy named Henry. During his early years, Askenasy was sent to a Christian primary school.Later, he was sent to the Realgymnasium Der Evangelischen Gemeide Zu Bukarest, from which he graduated in 1926. After graduation, <mask> continued his education at the University of Montpellier in France. After Montpellier, he attended the University of Paris, where he received his Diplome de Docteur de Medicine in 1934. Medical training
From 1933 to 1937, Askenasy worked on his neurosurgical residency at the Hospital de la Pitie. He had the luxury of working under the direction of Professor Clovis Vincent, a legendary French neurosurgeon. He had the chance to work amongst many other renowned scientists and physicians during his residency, such as Gerard Guiot, P. Puech, Jean Talairach, Marcel David, and Count Thierry De Martel. All were heralded as neurosurgical leaders throughout France and the world for their scientific contributions.The field of neurosurgery began to grow during <mask>’s tenure in France, with many neurologists and neurosurgeons paving the way in the development of surgical practices. During his residency, Askenasy discovered the use of sulphur amides followed by cystic lesion puncture to treat brain abscesses. This therapy avoided the need of an early surgical procedure to remove infected areas of the brain. It was considered the first minimally invasive surgical therapy technique used to treat brain abscesses, replacing the need of craniotomies to treat acute cerebrates. Sulfur amides revolutionized brain abscess therapy, and their use along with modern antibiotics is still being practiced today. Along with Professor Clovis Vincent and Marcel David, Askenasy described the association of brain tumors with psychiatric disease, and the associations of the vascular brain stem lesion with ataxia and astereognosis. In 1937 he continued his studies at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, USA, with the famed American neurosurgeon Walter Dandy.During the following year, Askenasy had the opportunity to travel around the United States and Canada, visiting and working in some of the most prominent centers for neurosurgery. He even had the opportunity to meet Harvey Cushing, the pioneer and father of American neurosurgery. During his tenure, Askenasy completed additional neurosurgical training as a fellow in the U.S.A. and Canada at Lahey Clinic with Gilbert Horrax (Boston, MA), Mayo Clinic with Alfred Adson (Rochester, MN), University of Illinois at Chicago with Paul Bucy (Chicago, IL), University of Chicago with Percival Bailey (Chicago, IL), McGill University with Wilder Penfield (Montreal, Quebec, Canada), University of Michigan with Max M. Peet (Ann Arbor, MI), and the University of Pennsylvania with Charles Frazier (Philadelphia, PA). During his training with Walter Dandy, Dr. Askenasy learned trigeminal nerve vascular decompression of the cranial nerve entry zone. It was after his visit with Charles Frazier that he became convinced that the resection of the Gasserian Ganglion was a better technique than vascular decompression. Professional career
In 1939, Dr. Askenasy arrived in Romania and took a position as a neurosurgeon at the Jewish Hospital in Bucharest. Life soon became very difficult for Askenasy as a Jewish man during World War II.Anti-Semitism, including the infamous Iron Guard, began to take a more sinister form. There was widespread persecution that included dismissing Jews from their jobs, non-hiring of Jews, beatings, and public hanging of Jews. Dr. <mask> could not escape the atrocities surrounding him. In 1940, <mask> became a Professor of Anatomy and studied the nervous system at the College for Jewish Students in Bucharest. Not long after, he was exiled to Transnistria on the Ukrainian border, together with hundreds of thousands of Romanian Jews. They were all sent there to die from disease and hunger. While they were in the camp, Askenasy was obligated to clean the extremely dirty community bathroom (latrine), creating a traumatizing memory for him.In 1943 he returned to the Neurological Department at the Hospital of the Red Cross in Bucharest because of the need for neurologists. In 1946, after World War II, he returned to his academic endeavors that had been previously interrupted. He decided that it was best for him and his family to go to Palestine, the historic land of the Jewish people. When Jewish citizens were selected to leave Romania on Christmas Eve, his and his wife’s names were not called on the list. This was because Dr. <mask> was a precious asset to the post-war government due to his medical expertise. However, after a meeting with the interior minister of Romania, Teohari Giorgescu, he was granted permission to leave with his wife and family. Professor <mask> departed Bucharest, Romania by boat, the “Pan-York”, where he was able to smuggle his neurosurgical instruments.After departing from Bulgaria, the English Royal Navy diverted the ship to a refugee camp in Famagusta, Cyprus on January 2, 1948. However, the Haganah organization granted him and his wife English immigration certificates under the false names of Mr. Jacob and Mrs. Rivka Schwartz so that they could leave the camp. The Mossad Le’Aliya Bet managed to arrange false documents from allies that helped them to arrive in Haifa, Palestine aboard the “Kedma Haganah Ship” on February 19, 1948. After the Second World War, England had organized chaos in order to destroy all Jewish institutions and promote tension amongst them and the Arab community. Deception, delays, and misinformation were common factors of post-World War II British mandates over Jerusalem. Chaos and inter-religion fighting between the Jewish and Arabs were promoted in other to divide and conquer. British Prime minister Clement Attlee, who was the leader of the Labor Party (1945–1951) can be blamed for the inhumane care of the Jewish inmate concentration camps in Europe, which included food and water blockades and especially blockades for foot entry to Jerusalem.Permit certificate was required to enter into Palestine. Abuse of authority led England to detain members of the Jewish community. Dr. <mask> arrived in Israel two years after the departure of the only neurosurgeon at the time, Dr. Henry Wigderson (Montefiore Medical Center, New York). He was heavily recruited at Beilinson Hospital by Dr. Chaim Sheba. Soon after arriving in Palestine, he accepted the offer to work at the Hospital on March 24, 1948. For the next 27 years, he would work as a neurosurgeon under the Kupat Holim Clalit health service organization, providing the best modern neurosurgery and all of its sub-specialties relating to brain and spinal cord disorders. The treatments that he provided during the next decade increased as a result of soldiers injured in the war, civilians harmed in auto accidents, and victims injured during Arab terrorist attacks.In 1950 he became head of the Department of Neurosurgery within Beilinson Hospital’s new building, serving as the largest of its kind in Israel. The surplus in head trauma caused an influx of patients in a limited amount of space. Therefore, the Pediatric Department would also host neurosurgical cases when needed. Various articles about the successful Neurosurgery Department were frequently published in Israeli Newspapers. In addition to leading the Neurosurgical Department, he also began teaching students in 1950 and officially became a Professor of Neurosurgery at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1959. <mask> also became a Professor of Neurosurgery at Tel Aviv University in 1963. In 1964, he was rewarded as a permanent member of the Tel Aviv University Senate.Personal life
Professor <mask> <mask> married Nina née Sussmann before departing to Palestine. They remained married for 31 years until his death on July 19, 1975. Together, they gave birth to one child, a daughter named <mask>-Taub. Karin resides in Israel and is an advocate in establishing and maintaining her father's legacy. She has two children, a daughter named Dana Bensimon, born February 9, 1982 and a son named <mask> Mihail <mask> Taub, born September 8, 1989. Professor <mask> <mask> dedicated much of his life to improving the scope of neurosurgery not only in Israel and the Middle East, but also internationally. He often came to the aid of other countries when his medical expertise was needed.Askenasy was also very generous, and even donated his precious neurosurgical instruments to Beilinson Hospital on two different occasions so that the department would be supplied with modern equipment. At that time, Palestine, like many other parts of the world, lacked modern medical instruments. Askenasy worked very hard to save lives during a destructive part of history in Israel, and he committed his practice to improving medical and neurosurgical science. Legacy
In 1962 Professor Askenasy, together with Professor Ephraim Frei from the Weizmann Institute, developed a magnetic catheter (POD) for intra-arterial endovascular navigation to brain circulation. This approach was an early development for endovascular therapy and treatment of occlusion, cerebral arterial aneurysms, thrombolysis, and arterial venous malformations. Professor Askenasy researched the interaction between the 100 watt CO2 laser and brain tissue. This served as an analysis for its use to remove brain tumors.Professor <mask> also studied the outcome of low level radiation on the development of intracranial meningiomas along the scalp to search for parasites in the heads of Jewish immigrants on their way to Palestine in the early 1920s-1930. It was discovered that application of low level radiation led to epilepsy. He also established a relationship between meningiomas, extrapyramidal disorder, and Parkinson's disease. The legacy of Professor Askenasy lingers on in the form of new generations of Israeli excellence in medicine and the reputation that Israeli surgeons have gained around the world. To this day, Israeli neurosurgeons are sought after in medical centers across the world as leaders and teachers, thanks to the foundation laid out by Professor <mask> and many others during his generation. In spite of hardships experienced during the Holocaust, wars, and prevalent anti-Semitism, they rose from the ashes. Professor <mask> was a neurosurgical pioneer in the Middle East.Along with his predecessors and successors, he provided an everlasting contribution to the fields of cutting-edge science and medicine. Professor <mask> also played a major role in the research and development of the following:
Minimally invasive therapy for brain abscesses, Endovascular Magnetic Catheter for cerebral artery catheterization, Minimally invasive Trans nasal esphynoidal Stereotactic radioactive Isotope selective implantation (Iridium, Gold, Yttrium); FL-18 Isotope for the detection of brain tumors; INDPTA (intravascular) for the detection of giant aneurysms; Stereotactic Singulectomy for intractable cancer pain; Radioactive Iodine 131 Serum Albumin early detection of cerebral hydrocephalus in mielomeningocele; Sulfonamides early treatment later followed by evacuation of the brain abscess. References

Romanian neurosurgeons
1908 births
1975 deaths
Israeli neurosurgeons
20th-century surgeons

masks:
Harden Askenasy
Harden M
. Askenasy
Mihail Askenasy
Askenasy
Askenasy
Askenasy
Askenasy
Askenasy
Askenasy
Askenasy
Askenasy
Harden
Askenasy
Karin Askenasy
Tom Harden
Askenasy
Harden
Askenasy
Askenasy
Askenasy
Askenasy
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James Raleigh "<mask>" <mask> (July 27, 1897 – September 22, 1965) was an American catcher and manager in Negro league baseball. He played for the Indianapolis ABCs (1920–1922), New York Lincoln Giants (1920), Hilldale Daisies (1923–1931), Philadelphia Royal Giants (1925), Philadelphia Stars (1933–1935), Washington / Baltimore Elite Giants (1936–1939), and Newark Dodgers/Eagles (1935, 1939–1941, 1945–1947, 1950). <mask> was regarded as black baseball's premier catcher in the late 1920s and early 1930s. His superior defense and outstanding throwing arm were complemented by batting skill which placed him among the Negro leagues' all-time leaders in total bases, runs batted in and slugging percentage, while hitting over .300 for his career. <mask> was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006. Baseball career
<mask> was born in Eagle Pass, Texas, to a sharecropping family that included two brothers. He began playing baseball with his brothers on the Luling Oilers, a Prairie League team, in 1916 in his hometown of Luling.He joined the professional San Antonio Black Aces two years later. When the team folded in 1920, his contract was sold to the Indianapolis ABCs in time for the Negro National League's first season. After three years under manager C. I. Taylor, in which he hit .315, .317, and .344, he was picked up by Hilldale when the Eastern Colored League was organized in 1923. In his first season with Hilldale, <mask> batted .423, winning the ECL batting title and pacing the team to the pennant, and followed with eight consecutive seasons batting .308 or better. In 1924, he finished third in the batting race as Hilldale repeated as champions, but lost to the Kansas City Monarchs 5 games to 4 in the first Negro League World Series with <mask> playing third base. At first platooning behind the plate with the aging Louis Santop, while also sharing time at shortstop with Pop Lloyd and Jake Stephens, he took over the full-time catching job in 1925. In that year's Negro League World Series, <mask> helped Hilldale to the title over the Monarchs with a .360 average.He drove in the lead run in the 11th inning of the first game, which Hilldale won in 12 innings. After scoring the winning run in a 2–1 victory in Game 5, his three hits in the deciding Game 6 clinched the title. <mask>'s barnstorming tours included a highly successful trip to Japan in 1927, during which he became the first player to hit a home run out of Meiji Shrine Stadium, doing so in three straight games. He was particularly well received on the tour and made later trips to Japan in 1934 and 1935. In 1931, he won his second batting title with a .359 average, as Hilldale also finished with the best record among eastern teams. In voting for the first East–West All-Star Game in 1933, <mask> was selected at catcher over the young Josh Gibson, batting cleanup. He played in three more All-Star Games by 1938.In 1934, he batted only .299, as the Philadelphia Stars' won the NNL second-half pennant, but had a good postseason, batting .368 and driving in the first run of a 2–0 victory in Game 7 to defeat the Chicago American Giants 4 games to 3. By 1937, <mask> was managing the Baltimore Elite Giants, where he began mentoring 15-year-old Roy Campanella in the fine points of catching. Campanella later recalled:

"In my opinion, <mask> <mask> was the master of defense of all catchers. When I was a kid in Philadelphia, I saw both <mask> and Mickey Cochrane in their primes, but for real catching skills, I don't think Cochrane was the master of defense that Mackey was. When I went under his direction in Baltimore, I was 15 years old. I gathered quite a bit from <mask>, watching how he did things, how he blocked low pitches, how he shifted his feet for an outside pitch, how he threw with a short, quick, accurate throw without drawing back. I got all this from Mackey at a young age."<mask> joined the Newark Eagles in 1939, replaced Dick Lundy as manager a year later, and continued his work with young players such as Monte Irvin, Larry Doby, and Don Newcombe. When Doby joined the Cleveland Indians of the American League in 1947, it was <mask> who recommended moving him from second base to center field. Personality conflicts with Newark owner Effa Manley led to <mask>'s departure from play after the 1941 season. He returned to the field in 1945 and managed the team in 1946 as the Eagles won the Negro League World Series 4 games to 3, again over the Monarchs, who featured pitcher Satchel Paige. Even in his 40s, <mask> was still an effective player – he batted .307 in 1945, and appeared in the 1947 All-Star Game at age 50. When the Eagles moved to Houston in 1950, he retired from baseball following the season. Later life
In the 1950s, <mask> moved to Los Angeles and began working as a forklift operator.In 1952, he was selected by a Pittsburgh Courier poll as the Negro leagues' greatest catcher, ahead of Josh Gibson. <mask> received more attention on May 7, 1959, when Campanella was honored at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum following his paralysis from a car accident. <mask> was introduced to the crowd of over 93,000 for an exhibition game between the Los Angeles Dodgers and New York Yankees. <mask> lived in Los Angeles until his death in 1965. He is buried in that city's Evergreen Cemetery. Through the 1990s, reference sources widely reported his death as having occurred in 1959; this seems to have resulted from Campanella's recollection in John B. Holway's 1988 book Blackball Stars that <mask> "passed away right after" the Coliseum event, an apparent error that Campanella repeated in other interviews. In 2006, <mask> was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame.<mask>'s grandson Riley Odoms played 12 seasons for the National Football League's Denver Broncos. References

 Holway, John B. (1988). Blackball Stars: Negro League Pioneers. Westport, Connecticut: Meckler Books. .
 Riley, James A. (1994). The Biographical Encyclopedia of the Negro Baseball Leagues.New York: Carroll & Graf. .
 Holway, John (2001). The Complete Book of Baseball's Negro Leagues: The Other Half of Baseball History. Fern Park, Florida: Hastings House. .
 Martin, Douglas D. (1987). Biographical Dictionary of American Sports: Baseball. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. .
 Brockenbury, L.I. "Brock" (September 30, 1965). "Tying the Score".Los Angeles Sentinel, p. 28. External links

 Negro League Baseball Players Association
 Baseball Library – biography and career highlights
 BlackBaseball.com

1897 births
1965 deaths
20th-century African-American sportspeople
African-American baseball players
National Baseball Hall of Fame inductees
Lincoln Giants players
Indianapolis ABCs players
Hilldale Club players
Baltimore Elite Giants players
Baltimore Black Sox players
Homestead Grays players
Newark Eagles players
Philadelphia Stars players
Pittsburgh Crawfords players
St. Louis Giants players
Negro league baseball managers
Baseball players from Texas
People from Eagle Pass, Texas
Burials at Evergreen Cemetery, Los Angeles

masks: Biz Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Biz Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey Mackey


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<mask> is architect, urban planner, researcher and Professor of University of Coimbra. Training and career track
Graduate in Architecture by the Technical University of Lisbon (1985), Master in History of Art by the Universidade Nova de Lisboa (1991), PhD (2001) and Aggregate in Architecture (2013) by the University of Coimbra. Full Professor at the  (1989), and researcher at the  (2007). He has been visiting professor at Federal University of Bahia, Fluminense Federal University, Pablo de Olavide University, M_EIA - Instituto Universitário de Artes, Tecnologia e Cultura do Mindelo, University of Porto, University of Lúrio, Goa University and University of the Algarve, in the last as Odebrecht Capistrano de Abreu Professor. Till 2016 he was the first director of the interactive website HPIP, Heritage of Portuguese Influence/ Património de Influência Portuguesa and, he still is, with Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo, coordinator of the PhD programme Heritages of Portuguese Influence. Academic track
He has published works on history and theory of urbanism, history of architecture and cultural heritage in Portuguese, English, Spanish French and Italian. His research has been developed following two main tracks:

I.One dedicated to land ordinance, urban planning and urbanism of Portuguese Influence, which main milestones are:
His master's degree thesis published in Portuguese and English (1998): Beyond Baixa: signs of urban planning in eighteenth century;
The book chapter A cidade portuguesa (1995), published at the História da Arte Portuguesa directed by Paulo Pereira;
The bilingual book Indo-Portuguese Cities: a contribution to the study of Portuguese urbanism in the Western Hindustan (1997);
The consolidation of that research track has been reached in 2002 with the book A urbe e o traço: uma década de estudos sobre o urbanismo português gathering his most relevant papers produced from 1989 to 2001;
The research project Bombay Before the British: the Indo-portuguese layer. (2004-2007), held under his coordination, is another milestone. During the last years his work evolved through the reading of Iberian urbanism cultures as a whole, with respect to the transfer of the main European urbanizing procedures and models on the configuration of colonial cities and territories. The first synthesis comes out as the keynote lecture Stone Raft: allegory on the spread of European urbanistics in Early Modern times, addressed to the 12th International Conference on Urban History: Cities in Europe Cities in the World (2014), held by the European Association for Urban History (EUHA). II. The second research track is about urban planning for relevant cultural heritage contexts. Although during the first years his work was primarily focus on planning and project experiences, it became gradually more and more centred on theoretical discussion.Among those experiences are:
The proposal for the Conservation Project of S. Salvador of Grijó Competition (2002). 1st Prize-winner;
The proposal for the Conservation Plan for Rua da Sofia (Coimbra) Ideas Competition (2003). 3rd Prize-winner;
The proposal for the Project of the Coa Valley Museum Competition (2004). 3rd Prize-winner;
The coordination of the Pombaline Nucleus of Vila Real de Santo António Conservation Plan (2003-2005), and the rebuilding project for its  City Council Building (2006-2009). These plans and projects have been published, including its theoretical support and discussion. Other texts addressing the conceptualization of cultural urban heritage and safeguard and/ or conservation planning, are gathered in the book Fomos condenados à cidade: uma década de estudos sobre património urbanístico. III.During the last years the finding of synergies between that two research tracks lead him and his research team to the formulation, testing and development of concepts like grammar and urbanistic heritage, drawing history, hyperdraw and heritage as technology, leading his urbanistic analysis work to be made under the trinomial guidance of structure, form and image. His last work on that is the book chapter «Urbanismo ou o discurso da cidade». In Patrimónios de Influência Portuguesa: modos de olhar. Coimbra, Lisboa e Niterói: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense, 2015. He is also become more committed with cooperation in the Portuguese Speaking countries, trying to apply his expertise on behalf of sustainable development actions in advanced teaching and strategic planning. The last and most representative action on that is the cooperation he established between the universities Lúrio and Coimbra regarding teachers interchange and training. Among some ongoing actions within that frame, in July 2018 he edited with his PhD students Nuno Lopes and Nuno Simão Gonçalves the book Oficinas de Muhipiti: planeamento estratégico, património, desenvolvimento (Mihipiti Workshop: strategic planning, heritage, development), that gathered the methods and results of the homonymous event that took place in the Island of Mozambique in July 2017, regarding issues of that UNESCO's Word Heritage Listed site.<mask>a's academic track includes a set of research projects and other activities, from which are especially relevant:
 Director (with Renata Araujo and Hélder Carita) of the project The city as civilization: Portuguese Urbanistic Universe 1415-1822, held by  between 1996 and 2002. It was a crucial milestone to the consolidation of research and network building. Besides a couple of scientific meetings (including a large congress in Coimbra in 1999), it produces a set of relevant publications. Curator (with , João Paulo Oliveira e Costa and Fernando António Baptista Pereira) of the exhibition Os espaços de um Império held by the  at Porto in 1997. Project Leader of the project Bombay Before the British: the Indo-Portuguese layer, (2004-2007) granted by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia. Coordination (with Leão Lopes) of SIRUM, International Seminar of Urban Conservation of Mindelo (Cape Verde) (2006), co-produced by Centro de Estudos de Arquitetura da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia of the Universidade de Coimbra,  Atelier Mar and Instituto Universitário de Artes, Tecnologia e Cultura do Mindelo (2006). Curator (with Ana Tostões) of the exhibition Lisbon 1758, the Baixa Plan today, produced in 2008 by the Lisbon Municipality.The editorial project Património de Origem Portuguesa no Mundo: arquitetura e urbanismo (Portuguese Heritage Around the World), granted by Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation. José Mattoso directed the project and <mask> coordinated the Asia and Oceania volume published in Portuguese in 2011, in English in the following year. This project culminated with the creation of the interactive website HPIP, Heritage of Portuguese Influence, directed by <mask>. Coordination for the Portuguese Language Countries "Region" of the UNESCO's Global Report on Culture and Sustainable Urban Development (2016). Coordination (with Isequiel Alcolete) of Oficinas de Muhipiti/ Muhipiti Workshop: strategic planning, heritage, development, a universities of Coimbra and Lúrio joint action regarding the Island of Mozambique, a site of the UNESCO's World Heritage List (2017). He has a large pedagogical experience. Beyond a large and diverse teaching practice he has supervised 75 theses (15 PhDs).The PhD programme Patrimónios de Influência Portuguesa (Heritages of Portuguese Influence) that he coordinates at the University of Coimbra is, since 2014, co-titled by the University of Bologna, Fluminense Federal University, Eduardo Mondlane University, Paris West University and University of the Algarve. That comes out from an internationalization project to which has been awarded the prize Projetos Inovadores no Domínio Educativo (Education Innovative Projects) granted by Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, not only because of its formative component, but also due to its purpose to raise up an international think thank on the Portuguese influence heritages subject, that now has a more comprehensive and institutional framework with the UNESCO Chair described above. <mask> is seldom requested to consulting on heritage subjects, to scientific committees and to make conferences in many countries (Brazil, Cabo Verde, China, France, Guatemala, India, Italy, Macao, Morocco, Mexico, Mozambique, Nederland, Portugal, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Taiwan, USA and Uruguay). Relevant publications
Author and co-author:
 1995: A cidade portuguesa. História da Arte Portuguesa. Lisboa: ;
 1997: Indo-Portuguese Cities: a contribution to the study of Portuguese urbanism in the Western Hindustan. Lisboa: ;
 1998: Beyond Baixa: signs of urban planning in eighteenth century Lisbon.Lisboa: IGESPAR;
 2002: A urbe e o traço: uma década de estudos sobre o urbanismo português (1989-2001). Coimbra
 2003: Portuguese land ordinance and urbanising strategies for Asia. Congress Rivalry and Conflict, European Traders and Asian Trading Networks. Leiden: dir. Leonard Blussé, CNWS Publications. 2005;
 2005:  Lisbon's waterfront image as allegory of baroque urban aesthetic. Symposium Circa 1700: Architecture in Europe and the Americas.Washington (Studies in the History of Art, 66) National Gallery of Art;;
 2005: Problems and precedents of the “Portuguese City”: understanding medieval urbanism. Murphy. Coimbra: . nº1, 2006. With Luísa Trindade;
 2006: Bombay Before the British: the indo-Portuguese layer. Mumbai Reader. Mumbai: Urban Design Research Institute;
 2011: Former Portuguese Urban Settlements in Indian Ocean borders: last developments on its research, Entretiens du Patrimoine de l’Ocean Indien / Indian Ocean Heritage Conference La Réunion.Montpellier: dir. Attila Cheyssial, Editions de l’Espérou. 2013;
 2012: Il piano per Lisbona dopo il terremoto del 1755. Terremoti e ricostruzioni tra XVII e XVIII secolo, atti dei seminari internazionali. Palermo: Maria Giuffrè e Stefano Piazza (ed. ), Edibook Giada;
 2015: Fomos condenados à cidade: uma década de estudos sobre património urbanístico (2002-2013). Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra.2015;
 2015: Urbanismo ou o discurso da cidade. Patrimónios de Influência Portuguesa: modos de olhar. Coimbra, Lisboa e Niterói: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense;
 2015: Modos de olhar'. Patrimónios de Influência Portuguesa: modos de olhar. Coimbra, Lisboa e Niterói: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense; with Margarida Calafate Ribeiro. 2017: Juvarra: cenografia e urbanística para uma capital do Iluminismo. Estudos Italianos em Portugal, Nova Série 12.Editor and co-author:
 2001: A construção do Brasil urbano. Oceanos 41. Lisboa: ;
 2001: Actas do Colóquio Internacional Universo Urbanístico Português 1415-1822. Lisboa: . 2001. With Renata Araujo and Hélder Carita;
 2002: fac-similæ da Exposição Universo Urbanístico Português 1415-1822. Lisboa: CIUL/CML and CNCDP.2002. With  Renata Araujo and Hélder Carita;
 2007: O Terramoto de 1755: impactos históricos. Lisboa: Livros Horizonte. 2007. With Ana Cristina Araújo, José Luís Cardoso, Nuno Gonçalo Monteiro and José Vicente Serrão;
 2008: Lisboa 1758: the Baixa plan today, catalogue. Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. With Ana Tostões;
 2011: Portuguese Heritage Around the World: architecture and urbanism: Ásia.Lisbon: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, Lisboa; with José Mattoso, (2011's APOM Prize winner for an International Project, and 2012's Nuno Viegas Nascimento Prize by Fundação Bissaya Barretto);
 2015: Patrimónios de Influência Portuguesa: modos de olhar. Coimbra, Lisboa e Rio de Janeiro: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian e Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense; with Margarida Calafate Ribeiro. 2016: Mafalala: memória e espaços de um lugar. Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra; with Margarida Calafate Ribeiro. 2018: Dossier Portuguese colonialism in Goa: Nineteenth-Century perspectives. Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais, 115; with Rochelle Pinto and Sidh Losa Mendiratta. 2018: Oficinas de Muhipiti: planeamento estratégico, património, desenvolvimento''.Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra; with Nuno Lopes and Nuno Simão Gonçalves. References

External links
 <mask>´s articles. Portuguese architects
University of Coimbra alumni

masks:
Walter Rossa
Walter Ross
Walter Rossa
Walter Rossa
Walter Rossa
Walter Rossa


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<mask> (born August 14, 1972) is a Canadian TV host, Creative Director, make-up artist, and author. He is most recognizable as the Creative Director on the popular reality television show America's Next Top Model for the first eighteen seasons. <mask> also was featured as the host of Canada's Next Top Model. <mask> is the Founder and CEO of the beauty line, Jay Manuel Beauty. In 2017, the brand opened its first retail location at Roosevelt Field Mall. Later that year, he was one of the judges for Miss Universe 2017. In 2020, he released his first book, The Wig, The Bitch & The Meltdown.Early life
<mask> was born in Springfield, Illinois to a mother of Italian and Czech descent and a South African father of mixed Cape Malay descent. He was raised by adoptive parents in Toronto where he attended Dr Norman Bethune Collegiate Institute and York University. Before entering the fashion industry, <mask> was a pre-med student and also studied opera. Career
He has worked in "the business of managing to aesthetic" for seven years. He has worked as a makeup artist and stylist for Vogue, Harper's Bazaar, Marie Claire, Victoria's Secret, Revlon, and CoverGirl. <mask> has also worked with noted fashion photographers such as Herb Ritts, Richard Avedon, Annie Leibovitz, and Francesco Scavullo. He has been a makeup artist and stylist to celebrities such as Tyra Banks, Naomi Campbell, Iman, Alicia Silverstone, Rebecca Romijn, Rupert Everett, Bridget Moynahan, Angela Bassett, Jada Pinkett Smith, Mýa, Kim Cattrall, Natalie Cole, Toni Braxton, Garcelle Beauvais-Nilon, Vanessa Williams, Patti LaBelle, Rosario Dawson, Pink, David Bowie, and Jennifer Lopez.<mask> joined America's Next Top Model in its first cycle in 2003 as the Creative Director. For nine years, <mask> featured on every cycle of the show, becoming one of the biggest shows in the United States during this period. After 18 seasons with the show, Nigel Barker and J. Alexander didn't return for the 19th cycle as their contracts were not renewed. Following the announcement, <mask> decided to leave the show. The controversial move by Tyra Banks led to a media frenzy around <mask> and the show. The radical personnel change didn't work and the show was cancelled three years later, being renewed on December 12, 2016 on VH1. <mask> was the host and lead judge of the second and third cycles of Canada's Next Top Model, a spin-off to ANTM.He also made a cameo appearance in Degrassi Takes Manhattan, as well as playing himself in an episode of the comedy-drama television series Being Erica. In 2011, <mask> released a clothing line for Sears Canada by the name of Attitude. In 2014, <mask> launched Jay Manuel Beauty, a prestige line of cosmetics based on a new Filter Finish Collection technology. <mask> was announced as a judge for the Miss Universe 2017 beauty pageant in early 2017. He was one of the six final judges who crowned Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters as Miss Universe 2017 at the event in Las Vegas, Nevada. In May 2020, <mask> and his America's Next Top Model colleague, Miss J. Alexander, began a weekly Instagram Live series, later syndicated to Facebook and YouTube, based on their experiences working on the show. Personal life
<mask> is openly gay.Although he is somewhat private about his romantic life, he regularly advocates for LGBTQ rights. In 2011, he created an "It Gets Better" video to empower LGBTQ  youth. Beauty & clothing collections
In 2011, <mask> released a women's clothing line for Sears Canada, called Attitude <mask>. <mask>'s beauty range was launched with the support of supermodel-turned-entrepreneur, Iman, in 2015 and distributed by her company Impala Inc. According to an interview in Essence magazine, <mask> and Iman met during the 1990s when he was recommended to do Iman's makeup for a cover shoot. <mask> Manuel Beauty launched in 2014 and the collection consists of a range of products aimed to create a high definition finish, aimed at the younger generation. In numerous interviews <mask> has stated that he wanted to introduce products that gave an Instagram filter finish, without the need for a filter.In March 2015 <mask> beauty was launched on HSN. In July 2016, it was announced that the beauty range would debut on the UK's QVC shopping channel in September of that year. Retail
In 2017, <mask> announced that he was moving into the retail sector with a range of beauty stores. The move was announced along with an exclusive partnership with Simon and its shopping centers. <mask>
<mask> serves as a Smile Ambassador for Operation Smile and is actively involved with Dress for Success.He has hosted the GLAAD Media Awards and also hosted Fashion Cares in Toronto, which benefits AIDS research. <mask> also hosted the American Image Awards, benefitting the Boys and Girls Clubs of America. Filmography
* Live Broadcast of the Wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle for BBC / Britbox (2018)
 Miss Universe 2017 (2017)
 Fashion News Live (Vintage) (2016-2017)
 Entertainment Tonight (2016)
 Fashion News Live (2006-2016)
 Patti LaBelle's Place (2016)
 The Wendy Williams Show (2011, 2015)
 The Meredith Vieira Show (2015)
 Fashion Rocks (2014)
 NBC’s Today Show (2014)
 FNL's Flashback Friday (2014)
 CBS This Morning (2013)
 CTV's Live Oscar Red Carpet (2013)
 The View (2013)
 NBC's Open House (2013)
 America's Next Top Model (2003-2012)
 CTV's The Marilyn Denis Show (2011, 2012)
 Access Hollywood (2010, 2011)
 Alexis Joy VIP Access (2011)
 The Nate Berkus Show (2011)
 Fashion Police (2006 - 2010)
 CNN The Joy Behar Show (2010)
 Degrassi Takes Manhattan (2010)
 Being Erica (2010)
 Project Runway (2010)
 The Tyra Banks Show (2007-2010)
 Teenage Paparazzo (2010)
 MTV’s When I Was 17 (2010)
 Canada's Next Top Model (2006-2009)
 Style Her Famous (2006-2009)
 E! Live from the Red Carpet (2006-2009)
 MTV's 106 & Park (2009)
 Chelsea Lately (2009)
 Giuliana and Bill (2009)
 Operation Fabulous (2009)
 Loose Women (2008)
 Live! with Kelly (2008)
 Paula's Party (2008)
 GLAAD Media Awards (2007)
 Peep: A Fashion Cares Special (2007)
 Much Music Video Music Awards (2006, 2007)
 Dress My Nest (2007)
 E! True Hollywood Story (2005, 2006)
 I Love the '80s 3-D (2005)
 Exposed: 25 Most Notorious Moments of Fashion Week (2005)
 Eve (2005)

References

External links

1972 births
Living people
American emigrants to Canada
Artists from Illinois
Artists from Toronto
Canadian adoptees
Canadian male models
Canadian make-up artists
Canadian photographers
Canadian expatriates in the United States
Canadian people of Italian descent
Canadian people of Czech descent
Canadian people of Dutch descent
Canadian people of Malaysian descent
Canadian people of South African descent
People from Springfield, Illinois
LGBT broadcasters from Canada
LGBT people from Illinois
York University alumni

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