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is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Strasbourg and the Japan national team. He played in Japan for Omiya Ardija, Nagoya Grampus Eight and Kawasaki Frontale before joining Lierse S.K. in Belgium in 2010. He then played for another Belgian club, Standard Liège, from 2012 to 2015, and Dundee United in Scotland from 2015 to 2016. He played for Japan at the 2010, 2014 and 2018 World Cups, earning over 90 caps. Early life
Born in Yono, Saitama, Japan, Kawashima began playing football and started to playing in the goalkeeper after he idolised Sergio Goycochea and saw a video of his performance, which touched him and since played in the goalkeeper position. He then joined Yononishi Junior High School and Urawa Higashi High School.Kawashima has an older brother and older sister. Club career

Early career in Japan
<mask> started his professional career at Omiya Ardija in J2 League after graduating Urawa Higashi High School. On 6 April 2002, he made his Omiya Ardija debut. He went on to make 41 appearances for the side during his three-year spell. During his time at Omiya Ardija, <mask> went on trial at Serie A side Parma. In 2004, <mask> joined Nagoya Grampus Eight in Japan's J1 League. Over the three seasons, he competed with veteran goalkeeper Seigo Narazaki and served as the club's second choice goalkeeper.At times, <mask> was given a chance of first team appearances, due to Narazaki suffered an injury. However, <mask> himself suffered an injury concern after injuring his hand towards the end of the season and was sidelined for four weeks. He went on to make 17 appearances for the side. Kawasaki Frontale
It was announced on 29 December 2006 that Kawasaki Frontale had signed <mask> for a transfer fee of 150 million yen. The move was, at the time, the largest transfer fee for a player in the J.League. <mask> made his Kawasaki Frontale debut as a starter in a 1–0 win over Kashima Antlers in the opening game of the season, keeping a clean sheet. He then made his AFC Champions League debut, in a 3–1 win over Arema.After establishing himself as a first choice goalkeeper he soon received praises for his performances. That season, Kawasaki Frontale became the first Japanese club to qualify for the 2007 AFC Champions League where they finished first in their group. In the knockout rounds, <mask> allowed no regulation goals in the quarterfinals against Iran's Sepahan club, but lost 5–4 in the penalty shoot-out. He also helped the side reach the final of J.League Cup, which was lost 1–0 to Gamba Osaka. At the end of the 2007 season, <mask> had made 48 appearances (34 in the league) in all competitions. In the 2008 season, <mask> remained the club's first choice goalkeeper and started the opening game of the season, a 1–1 draw against Tokyo Verdy. He then kept two clean sheets between on 30 March 2008 and 2 April 2008 against JEF United Chiba and Consadole Sapporo.Between 26 April 2008 and 6 May 2008, he helped the side win four league matches in a row. <mask> then kept two consecutive clean sheets between 23 November 2008 and 29 November 2008 against Gamba Osaka and Vissel Kobe. However, Kawasaki Frontale failed to win the league, finishing as runners-up behind winners Kashima Antlers. Until the end of the 2008 season he went on to make 36 appearances (34 in the league) in all competitions. Ahead of the 2009 season, <mask> was named the club's senior captain. He continued as the club's first choice goalkeeper at the start of the season. He then helped the side win six league matches in a row between 10 May 2009 and 1 July 2009.Along the way, he kept three clean sheets in a row between 20 June 2009 and 1 July 2009. Following this, <mask> was determined to help Kawasaki Frontale win the league. At the start of October, <mask> helped the club go on a winning streak against Omiya Ardija, Kashima Antlers and Sanfrecce Hiroshima in the league keeping their fight for the title alive. However, once again, Kawasaki Frontale failed to win the league, they finished as runners-up behind winners Kashima Antlers, while losing 2–0 to FC Tokyo in the J.League Cup Final. At the end of the 2009, <mask> was named in the J. League Best Eleven and also won the Individual Fair-Play award for the first time in his career. He made a total of 47 appearances (34 in the league) in all competitions.Ahead of the 2010 season, <mask> was linked with a move away from Kawasaki Frontale, but ultimately stayed at the club. He stayed as the club's first choice goalkeeper at the start of the season. Prior to an AFC Champions League match against Melbourne Victory on 31 March 2010, <mask> suffered a hand injury in training, but made his recovery and started the whole game, as Kawasaki Frontale lost 1–0. He went on to make 17 appearances for the side in all competitions. Lierse
After participating in the 2010 World Cup, <mask> completed a move to Europe by joining Lierse S.K. in the Belgian Pro League. Upon joining the club, he signed a two–year contract with an option to extend.About the move <mask> said, "After I experienced the World Cup, I thought that putting myself in a more competitive environment is the only way I can get better." <mask> made his Lierse debut in a 1–0 loss against Sint-Truidense in the opening game of the season. After making his Lierse debut, <mask> quickly became the club's first choice goalkeeper. However, the club struggled at the start of the season and suffered five defeats in the first five matches, but <mask> impressed the side with saves. On 25 September 2010, he kept his first clean in a 1–0 win over Charleroi, the side's first win in the league of the season. In mid–October, <mask> suffered a groin injury that kept him out throughout the month. He then returned to the starting line-up on 10 November 2010, helping the side beat RFC Tournai 4–1 in the round of 16 of the Belgian Cup.Next, <mask> went on a run of conceding a total of 24 goals in the league for the rest of 2010, as the club suffered heavy defeats, including a 7–0 loss against Standard Liège on 27 November 2010, a 3–1 loss against K.V. Kortrijk on 12 December 2010 and a 6–0 loss against Anderlecht on 26 December 2010. After helping Japan win the Asian Cup, he did not return as a starting goalkeeper on 12 February 2011 against Germinal Beerschot in a 2–2 draw. Following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, <mask> made an impressed display for the next two matches against Lokeren and Club Brugge, which saw the club secure its status in the league for the next season. In the league's Europa League Playoffs, he kept another clean sheet, in a 0–0 draw against Cercle Brugge on 2 April 2011. The club finished second place behind Cercle Brugge in the league's Europa League playoffs. At the end of the 2010–11 season, having made 30 appearances in all competitions, <mask> won the club's player of the season award.Ahead of the 2011–12 season, <mask> was linked a move away from Lierse, with clubs like Fulham, West Bromwich Albion and VVV-Venlo keen on signing him. At the start of the 2011–12 season, <mask> remained first choice goalkeeper for the side and then kept his first clean sheet in a 0–0 draw against Genk on 6 August 2011. He then managed two clean sheets between 17 September 2011 and 24 September 2011 against Cercle Brugge and Westerlo. During the 2011–12 season, he was credited by Manager Chris Janssens for giving the club the best defence. In October 2011, <mask> was handed the captaincy taking over from Wesley Sonck and played his first match as captain on 15 October 2011, where he helped the side beat Zulte Waregem 2–1. <mask>  again kept two clean sheets between 26 February 2012 and 3 March 2012 against Anderlecht and OH Leuven. He spent the rest of the season continuing his duties as captain.His performance at Lierse led the club begin negotiations over a new contract. At the end of the 2011–12 season, he had played all 30 regular league games and six Europa League Playoff games. Once again, <mask> won the club's player of the season award. For his performances, he was nominated for Goalkeeper of the Year but lost out to Silvio Proto. 2011 Lierse shouting incident
On 19 August 2011, during a match between Lierse and Germinal Beerschot, which Lierse were leading 1–0, Kawashima was subjected to taunts and insults by Beerschot supporters, who chanted "Kawashima-Fukushima!" in reference to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. After being confronted by Kawashima, the referee halted the match for several minutes until order was restored.After the match had ended in a 1–1 draw, <mask> left the pitch in tears, visibly upset at the insults. <mask> said, "I can pass on many things, but not that. This is not funny. Using the drama of Fukushima in this manner is not at all funny." After the match, Beerschot released a club statement on the incident: "Our fans have crossed a thin line where a bit of fun turns into something serious. The chants aimed at Lierse goalkeeper <mask> were offensive and completely out of order". However, Beerschot said that <mask> was partly to blame: "The Lierse shot-stopper also took part in this as he provoked the Beerschot fans with offensive gestures and facial expressions.Our own goalkeeper Stijn Stijnen on the other hand never reacted to abusive chants and insults from the Lierse faithful." Beerschot further emphasized that it was completely unacceptable to assert insults of this nature. Beerschot's statement caused outrage with Lierse taking the matter to the Royal Belgian Football Association (RBFA) and soon after, Beerschot posted an apology to Japan on their website. The Royal Belgian Football Association (RBFA) fined Beerschot 30,000 Swiss francs ( and ) and RBFA officials apologized not only to Kawashima, but also to Atsushi Yokota, the Japanese Ambassador to Belgium, over the incident. However, Beerschot announced their intention to appeal against their decision, based on the amount of fine they received as well as their financial problems. In the end, the Appeals Committee of the KBVB reduced the fines to €16,400 instead. However, the club were still unsatisfied with the fines and in February 2012, the Appeals Committee of the KBVB reduced the fines to €2,480 plus the legal costs.On 22 September 2011, Beerschot formally apologized to Kawashima. Responding to Beerschot's apology, he said: "I myself have no family in the region, but I have been there visiting. People still suffer from the situation. For me, these excuses are sufficient. I also do not think supporters should be allowed to call anything anymore. They must be able to create atmosphere, but there are limits." A year later in October 2012, French television host Laurent Ruquier made a joke about the 'Fukushima effect' and Kawashima after he showed a picture in live audience of composite picture about Kawashima with four arms.This caused outrage from Japan, who criticised Ruquier for "lacking consideration." The next day, Ruquier apologised for the joke. When Beerschot and Lierse met again on 26 December 2011, <mask> started the whole game, as they drew 0–0. During the match, Beerschot's supporters asked him for forgiveness through the use of banner aimed at the player. Standard Liège
On 18 July 2012, <mask> left Lierse to join Standard Liège on a three-year deal. The move reportedly cost Standard Liège €600,000. <mask> made his club debut in a 1–0 loss against Zulte Waregem in the opening game of the season.In his first match against his former club Lierse he played the whole game in a 0–0 draw and throughout the match he received standing ovations from Lierse supporters. After making his debut for the club, <mask> quickly established himself in the first team as a starting goalkeeper. He then kept two clean sheets between 31 October 2012 and 4 November 2012 against Genk and OH Leuven, in two 2–0 victories. He again kept three clean sheets between 18 November 2012 and 2 December 2012 against Zulte Waregem, Lierse and Waasland-Beveren. He kept another three clean sheets between 16 February 2013 and 9 March 2013 against Cercle Brugge, Genk and OH Leuven. As the 2012–13 season progressed, the club became a serious contender for the title in the Championship Playoff. However, Standard Liege's two losses between 5 May 2013 and 12 May 2013 against Anderlecht and Club Brugge cost the side the league title.<mask> started in every match throughout the 2012–13 season until he was dropped from the squad for the next two matches following his performance against Club Brugge. In a match against Gent for the Europa League spot for next season, Kawashima played in both legs, in a 7–1 win on aggregate. In his first season at Standard Liege he made 40 appearances in all competitions. For his performances, he was nominated for Goalkeeper of the Year but lost out to Silvio Proto for the second time. Ahead of the 2013–14 season, <mask> was linked with a move away from the club, but no bid was made. Instead, he remained a first choice goalkeeper at the start of the season. Throughout the UEFA Europa League qualifications playoffs campaign, <mask> helped the side reach the Group Stage after beating KR, Xanthi and FC Minsk.He started the league season well keeping six clean sheets in the first six league matches. <mask> later credited the arrival of goalkeeper coach Jos Beckx for his performance and keeping six clean sheets in the first six league matches. However, in late–October, <mask> suffered a hip injury which made him miss three matches. He then returned from injury on 10 November 2013 against Club Brugge, keeping a clean sheet in a 0–0 draw, and amassed three more clean sheets in the following matches. <mask> then kept five more clean sheets between 18 January 2014 and 15 February 2014. As the 2013–14 season progressed the club bcame a title contender again. However, it again did not succeed in the Championship Playoff.At the end of the 2013–14 season, <mask> had made 47 appearances in all competitions. For his performances, <mask> was nominated for Goalkeeper of the Year for the third time, but lost out to Mathew Ryan. In the 2014–15 season, <mask> helped the

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 side beat Panathinaikos 2–1 on aggregate in the second qualification round for the UEFA Champions League. They were eventually eliminated in the playoff rounds after losing 4–0 against Zenit Saint Petersburg. He started the league season well keeping a clean sheet in a 3–0 win over Charleroi in the opening game of the season. During a 2–2 draw against K.V. Kortrijk on 2 August 2014, <mask> made an impressive save for the side described as "world class".However, <mask> was subject of criticism over his performances after mistakes against Feyenoord, Club Brugge and Zulte Waregem. As a result of his poor performances, <mask> lost his first choice goalkeeper role to Yohann Thuram-Ulien and was demoted to the substitute bench. He then played twice during December against Lokeren and Feyenoord, in two losses. Despite losing his first choice goalkeeper role for the rest of the season, <mask> finished with 19 appearances in all competitions. At the end of the 2014–15 season, he subsequently left the club when his contract expired to pursue more first team football after losing his place to Thuram-Ulien. Dundee United
Scottish Premiership club Dundee United applied for a UK work permit to sign <mask> in November 2015. The signing was confirmed on 29 December, after the work permit had been approved.Upon joining the club, <mask> was described as a "fantastic coup" by Manager Mixu Paatelainen. He made his debut for the club against city rivals Dundee on 2 January 2016, losing 2–1. However, Kawashima's performance received criticism when he was at fault for conceding soft goals. Nevertheless, he managed to keep three clean sheets against Hamilton Academical, Ross County and St. Johnstone. However, the club were relegated after again losing 2–1 to Dundee on 2 May 2016. At the end of the season, following the club's relegation, he was released having made 16 appearances. Metz
On 2 August 2016, <mask> signed for Ligue 1 side Metz.<mask> started the season outside the starting lineup for the first two months, appearing on the substitute bench and serving as backup to Thomas Didillon for the most of the season. On 8 January 2017 when he played the full 90 minutes against RC Lens in the first round of the Coupe de France, as the club exited the competition. He made his league debut for FC Metz in a 3–2 loss against Paris Saint-Germain on 18 April 2017. In a 1–1 draw against Toulouse on 15 May 2017 he played a vital role with his impressive saves, including saving a penalty. At the end of the 2016–17 season, <mask> had played five league games during his maiden season in France. Ahead of the 2017–18 season, <mask> announced his intention to stay at Metz for another season. <mask> started the 2017–18 season on the bench, with Didillon preferred as the first choice goalkeeper.However, following the club's first three defeats, <mask> played his first match of the season, and made some impressive saves in a 1–0 loss against SM Caen on 26 August 2017. He was then sent off in the 50th minute for a professional foul on Adama Diakhaby in a 3–1 loss against AS Monaco on 21 January 2018. After serving a one match suspension, he returned to the starting lineup in a 2–1 win over OGC Nice on 27 January 2018. Over the next two months, <mask>'s performance earned him the club's Player of the Month award for February and March. <mask> reassured his team with a series of excellent displays and as a result, he cemented himself as the club's number one as they fought relegation. His form for Metz earned him a recall to the Japanese national team, where he went on to reclaim the number one jersey. Despite missing out due to injury and appearing as an unused substitute in a number of matches during the 2017–18 season, <mask> made a total of 31 appearances in all competitions.At the end of the 2017–18 season, upon expiry of his contract, he was released by the club. Strasbourg
In August 2018, free agent <mask> joined Ligue 1 side RC Strasbourg on a season-long contract. International career

<mask> represented the Japan U20 side impressing in the AFC Youth Championship and being named Goalkeeper of the Tournament despite losing 1–0 to South Korea U20 in the final. <mask> was called up by Japan for the first time in March 2007. He initially appeared as an unused substitute, including the Asian Cup. On 17 February 2008 <mask> made his Japan debut in a 1–1 draw against North Korea. He made another appearance for the national side on 20 January 2009, in a 2–1 win over Yemen.By the end of 2009, <mask> kept four clean sheets in three victories and one draw. In May 2010, <mask> was selected for the World Cup squad and was expected to serve as backup to Seigo Narazaki. In a friendly match on 30 May against England, he was the starting goalkeeper and produced many saves. He denied Frank Lampard twice, including a penalty kick, and a shot by Wayne Rooney before eventually being beaten by two own goals. Afterwards, it was announced that <mask> was selected to be the first choice goalkeeper for the FIFA World Cup ahead of Narazaki. He played his first Group E match against Cameroon on 14 June 2010, where Japan recorded its first World Cup win on foreign soil with a score of 1–0. Five days later, on 19 June 2010 between against the Netherlands, <mask> was the starter; he deflected a shot from Wesley Sneijder but it went in his own net as the team lost 0–1.In the match against Denmark on 24 June he allowed one goal through Jon Dahl Tomasson's penalty kick, but the team still won 3–1 and advanced to the round of 16. On 29 June, he allowed no goals against Paraguay but was unable to save a single spot-kick during the penalty shoot-out, which Paraguay won 5–3. After the FIFA World Cup came to an end, <mask> played two matches against Paraguay and Argentina. In December 2010, it was announced that <mask> was selected by the national team for the 2011 Asian Cup. He played his first match of the tournament starting in a 1–1 draw against Jordan on 9 January 2011. On 13 January, however, he was sent off for causing a penalty in the group stage match against Syria, but Japan went on to win the game 2–1. After serving a one-match suspension he returned to the squad in a 3–2 win over Qatar in the quarter–final.In the semi-final against South Korea on 26 January <mask> saved two penalty shoot-out shots to enable Japan to advance. On 29 January, <mask> kept a clean sheet in the Final as Japan won 1–0; he was chosen as Man of the Match. After the match <mask> spoke about winning the Asian Cup. Following the Asian Cup tournament, <mask> kept four consecutive clean sheets in a row against Peru, Czech Republic, South Korea and North Korea. He kept two more clean sheets against Tajikistan in both matches, both of which were victories. Between 23 May 2012 and 8 June 2012 <mask> kept three clean sheets in a row against Azerbaijan, Oman and Jordan. Later in the year, he kept more three clean sheets in a row for the second time this year against UAE, Iraq and France.In May 2013, <mask> was called up by the national side for the 2013 Confederations Cup squad. He won his 48th cap for his country in a 2–1 loss against Mexico on 22 June 2013, as he went on to feature all three matches, all of them resulted in losses while Japan was eliminated from the tournament. Despite the defeat, <mask>'s performance was praised by Brazilian sports newspaper "Reims". In May 2014, <mask> was named in Japan's preliminary squad for the 2014 World Cup in Brazil. In the end, he made it to the final cut for the 23 man squad. <mask> started all three matches, but was eliminated from the tournament in the group stage. He kept a clean sheet in a 0–0 draw against Greece on 20 June 2014.After the match <mask> reflected about his time at the World Cup in Brazil, later stating that his performance against Colombia haunted him. On 14 October 2014, he captained the national side for the first time, in a 4–0 loss against Brazil. In December 2014, <mask> was named in Japan's squad for the Asian Cup in Australia. <mask> started the tournament well keeping three clean sheets in the group stage matches that saw them through to the quarter–finals. However, in a match against UAE on 23 January 2015, he conceded a goal from Ali Mabkhout before Japan equalised and the match was played throughout 120 minutes; ultimately, they were eliminated after losing in penalty–shootout. Later in June, he kept two clean sheets in a row on 11 and 16 June 2015 against Iraq and Singapore. However, after leaving Standard Liège, <mask> was called up to the national team and lost his place to Shusaku Nishikawa and Masaaki Higashiguchi throughout the rest of 2015 and the beginning of 2016.He made his first appearance for the side in twelve months on 3 June 2016, in a 7–2 win over Bulgaria. Following this, he spent the rest of 2016 on the substitute bench, as Nishikawa was preferred as the starting goalkeeper instead. On his return as a starting goalkeeper against UAE, he kept the two clean sheets in the process in the World Cup qualification Asia. In May 2018, <mask> was named in Japan's preliminary squad for the World Cup in Russia. Eventually, he made it to the final cut of the 23 men squad. After being selected for the World Cup, <mask> started as the first choice goalkeeper for the side and helped the side beat Colombia 2–1 on the matchday 1 of the group stage. His performance against Colombia earned him the lowest rating by Web Gekisaka.In a 2–2 draw against Senegal, <mask> was at fault when he attempted to clear the ball, only for Sadio Mané to score. Despite the criticism, Manager Akira Nishino gave confidence in Kawashima and gave him the captaincy against Poland. Throughout the match, <mask> captained the side, making many saves, though he conceded a goal from Jan Bednarek, which saw Japan lose 1–0. Due to receiving fewer yellow cards than Senegal Japan qualified to the knockout stage, becoming the only Asian team to do so in the 2018 World Cup. In the Round of 16 against Belgium, Japan were eliminated from the tournament after losing 3–2 despite Kawashima's fine performance. While receiving criticism for his performance, Kawashima was placed third place for number of saves in the World Cup, according to Opta Sports. In 2019, he made it to the final cut of the 23 men Copa América's squad.Style of play
At Lierse, Kawashima received praise from the club. CEO Neil De Kewler said of him: "The movement within the goal is quick, the processing of the ball on the line is skillful, furthermore, the player with the leadership that can lead the defense line", while technical director Root Kelzer said: "I can not think of any bad points about him, I will not have anyone who dislikes him, He is a very professional athlete, seriously and disciplinedly open for everyone, every time he looks up, he asks for a handshake with a friendly smile, not only as a player but also as an individual." Prior to signing for Dundee United, Manager Mixu Paatelainen said about him: "As for <mask>, he is quality. He is very agile and quick. He commands and is a leader behind the defence. He talks a lot and sometime demands better action from the defenders." Personal life

As a member of Japan's national team, Kawashima helped develop a program to improve the foreign language skills of Japanese athletes and coaches who play and coach internationally.Outside of football, he was also involved in helping children with disabilities. In addition to his native Japanese, <mask> speaks English, Italian, Dutch, French, Portuguese and Spanish. He was quoted saying about the importance of languages: "It is difficult if the keeper cannot speak, I cannot argue with myself." In addition to football, he's a fan of fashion. <mask> revealed that he wears contact lenses when he's on the pitch. In December 2008, <mask> signed for an agency with Tetsuro Kiyooka, a FIFA Players' Agent (Sports agent), in hopes of moving to Europe. It worked when he joined Lierse two years later after signing for Tetsuro Kiyooka.In September 2014, he revealed on his blog that he was married. He said he met his wife four years ago and began dating three years later before getting married. In December 2015,  <mask> revealed on his blog that he was father for the first time when his wife gave birth to a son named Kensei. In October 2010, <mask> signed a sponsorship with Samantha Thavasa. He was featured in June 2012 cover of Ermenegildo Zegna magazine. Outside of football, <mask> is considered very popular in his native country Japan. During a 1–1 draw against Genk on 18 December 2010, at least 500 Japanese <mask>'s supporters visited Herman Vanderpoortenstadion to watch him play.Career statistics

Club

1Includes Emperor's Cup, Belgian Cup and Scottish Cup. 2Includes J. League Cup. 3Includes AFC Champions League, UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League. 4Includes Belgian Pro League Play-offs. International

Honours

Japan
AFC Asian Cup: 2011

Individual
J.League Best Eleven: 2009
J.League Individual Fair-Play Award: 2009

References

External links

Living people
1983 births
Association football people from Saitama Prefecture
Association football goalkeepers
Japanese footballers
Japan youth international footballers
Japan under-20 international footballers
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Belgian First Division A players
Scottish Professional Football League players
Ligue 1 players
Omiya Ardija players
Nagoya Grampus players
Kawasaki Frontale players
Lierse S.K. players
Standard Liège players
Dundee United F.C.players
FC Metz players
RC Strasbourg Alsace players
2007 AFC Asian Cup players
2010 FIFA World Cup players
2011 AFC Asian Cup players
2013 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
2015 AFC Asian Cup players
AFC Asian Cup-winning players
Japanese expatriate footballers
Japanese expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Expatriate footballers in Belgium
Japanese expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
Expatriate footballers in Scotland
Japanese expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate footballers in France
2018 FIFA World Cup players
2019 Copa América

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<mask><mask> (born October 8, 1954) is an American politician and entrepreneur who served as the 79th governor of New Hampshire from 2003 to 2005. <mask> first came to public attention when he founded Cabletron Systems, later known as Enterasys Networks, which became one of the largest employers in New Hampshire. Enterasys Networks was acquired by Extreme Networks in November 2013. Early life and business career
<mask> attended Chatham High School in Chatham, New Jersey. After receiving a bachelor's degree in finance from Babson College in 1977, <mask> attended Syracuse University, graduating with an MBA in 1979. In 1983, <mask> and partner Robert Levine started Cabletron Systems in Levine's garage. The company moved to Rochester, New Hampshire in 1985 and went public in 1989, with what was then the largest IPO in Wall Street history.In 1991, <mask> was named "Entrepreneur of the Year" by Inc. Magazine. The company grew to have over $1.8 billion in annual revenue, but over time Cabletron began to face heavy competition in the industry. <mask> resigned in 1999, and Cabletron was dissolved into four separate companies (Enterasys Networks, Aprisma Management Technologies, Riverstone Networks, and Global Network Technology Services) in January 2000. The company's fragmentation brought layoffs, declines in stock price, and shareholder lawsuits. Governor of New Hampshire
<mask> began running for governor of New Hampshire in 2001, promising to use technology and greater efficiency to save money in state government. Political signs appeared across the Granite State proclaiming "This is Benson Country." He was elected governor on November 5, 2002, in an open race to succeed the retiring governor, Jeanne Shaheen.In the primaries, <mask> spent more than $15 million—$11 million of it his own money—in an effort to defeat former State Senator Bruce Keough and former U.S. Senator Gordon Humphrey to win the Republican nomination, making <mask>'s victory one of the most expensive in American history. In the general election, <mask> overwhelmingly defeated Democratic state Senator Mark Fernald, 59 percent to 38 percent. <mask> successfully made Fernald's support for a statewide income tax the dominant issue in the race. <mask> spent more than $9 million, again mostly his own money, in this race. As Governor, <mask> pushed for state agencies to institute across-the-board budget reductions, and used a custom made, extra large "VETO" stamp to reject a state budget he thought was too large. <mask> also signed into law a bill that required parental notification for minors seeking an abortion;  this law was later challenged and upheld in the Supreme Court in the case Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of New England, but subsequently repealed by the New Hampshire legislature in 2007.<mask>'s administration came under criticism following the resignation of Attorney General Peter Heed, who had been accused of sexual harassment. While an investigation cleared Heed of any wrongdoing, it revealed improper interference by <mask>'s security commissioner. Further criticism stems from the inappropriate awarding of a nearly $900,000 no-bid contract by his "volunteer" adviser (and former Cabletron human resource administrator) Linda Pepin, who was not licensed to broker such a deal. <mask> also frequently used "volunteers" in his office to do gubernatorial work, but would not say who they were or what they did. These were not volunteers in the sense that they were unpaid staffers volunteering their time, rather <mask> paid their salaries out of his own pocket, making them volunteers in the sense that they did not draw state salaries. This move was controversial, while proponents noted that <mask> was generously allowing the state to save money, critics were concerned that it would limit scrutiny of the volunteer staff. Reporters discovered that one of these "volunteers" (and former Cabletron director of operations), Angela Blaisdell, was New Hampshire's official liaison with the federal government on homeland security.In addition, <mask> was accused of engaging in political payback when Dori Wiggin, supervisor of the Department of Environmental Services Wetlands Division in Portsmouth, was transferred to the department's Concord headquarters. Under Wiggin, the DES had fined <mask> in 1998 and 2003 for excavating beach sand without a permit at his Rye oceanfront home. <mask> was also criticized, by both supporters and critics, for a management style that was considered "autocratic". In an interview with The New York Times, <mask> stated that one of his first acts after being elected was to purchase a large, high table at which to hold his meetings. Those in attendance were to stand during meetings, and any latecomers were locked out. "It's to remind people we're here to get in and do our business and get out," he explained. In the 2004 election, <mask> lost to Democratic challenger John Lynch—only the second time in 78 years that an incumbent New Hampshire governor was denied a second term—in a very close race, with Lynch securing just 51% of the vote.Personal life
<mask> resides in Rye, New Hampshire with his wife Denise. They have two daughters. <mask> serves as an adjunct lecturer at Babson College, his alma mater. In 1995, he was inducted into the college's Academy of Distinguished Entrepreneurs. Merrill Lynch Settlement
In December 2020, Merrill Lynch was ordered by the New Hampshire Bureau of Securities to pay $24 million in restitution to <mask>, and an additional $2 million fine to the State of New Hampshire. <mask> complained to the Bureau of Securities in early 2019 after suffering losses while the stock market was gaining. <mask> also filed a complaint with FINRA which was settled with the Bureau case.The settlement is the largest in New Hampshire history, and second largest FINRA settlement in a decade. Electoral history

References
 Steen, Jennifer (2006). Self-financed candidates in congressional elections. University of Michigan Press. . External links
 2002 campaign website

|-

1954 births
Living people
Governors of New Hampshire
Babson College alumni
Martin J. Whitman School of Management alumni
American businesspeople
New Hampshire Republicans
Politicians from New York City
Republican Party state governors of the United States
Babson College faculty
People from Rye, New Hampshire
Chatham High School (New Jersey) alumni
People from Morris County, New Jersey

masks:
Craig R
. Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson
Benson


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Nicolas Dansereau (born July 20, 1987), better known by the ring name <mask>, is a Canadian professional wrestler. He is currently signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW), where he is a member of The Dark Order. Formerly known as Player Uno, he regularly teamed with Stu Grayson as the Super Smash Brothers for various independent promotions across North America, including Alpha-1 Wrestling, Capital City Championship Combat (C*4), Inter Species Wrestling (ISW), and California-based Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG). Together, they are former one-time Chikara Campeones de Parejas, one-time PWG World Tag Team Champions and winners of PWG's 2012 Dynamite Duumvirate Tag Team Title Tournament. Career

Early career
Dansereau first began wrestling at the age of 14. At the time, he went under the name "El PoPo". On an episode of Colt Cabana's podcast, The Art of Wrestling, he explained that the decision to change his name came, when El Generico wanted to be called Player 1.<mask> changed it around and picked the name <mask>. He originally planned to learn Spanish after choosing the name. International Wrestling Syndicate
<mask> made his debut in the Canadian wrestling promotion International Wrestling Syndicate (IWS). <mask> quickly found a tag team partner in Stupefied as the Super Smash Brothers. The team found success as they soon won the IWS Tag Team Championship. <mask> also found success as a singles competitor as he also won the IWS Canadian Championship. He remained with the promotion until it folded on October 9, 2010.Chikara (2007–2010)

In 2007, the team started competing in Chikara. <mask> and Stupefied, now competing as Player Dos and naming their team the Super Smash Brothers, won the Chikara Campeonatos de Parejas from Incoherence (Delirious and Hallowicked) at Laying in the Gutters, Looking at the Stars on September 21, 2008. The team only held the titles for a month before losing it to The Osirian Portal, the team of Amasis and Ophidian, at Global Gauntlet: Night 2. In 2009 <mask> went on a long losing streak, which included a loss against Player Dos for the Young Lions Cup, but the streak came to an end at the season finale, when he debuted his new finishing maneuver The Joystick and forced Tim Donst to tap out with it. On October 24, 2010 <mask> wrestled to date his last Chikara match with Dos with Sara Del Rey and Daizee Haze, which <mask> and Dos lost. Ring of Honor (2009–2010, 2018)
<mask>, along with Player Dos, made his ROH debut on May 8, 2009 in Boston, MA, in a losing effort against Rhett Titus and Kenny King. On July 25 in Toronto, Ontario, at Death Before Dishonor VII Night 2 they scored an upset victory over former ROH World Tag Team Champions Kevin Steen and El Generico.On the November 9 episode of Ring of Honor Wrestling on HDNet, <mask> and Dos debuted on the show in a return match, where they were defeated by Steen and Generico. <mask> last appeared for Ring of Honor on May 11, 2018, at the War of the Worlds event in Toronto, Canada when the Super Smash Brothers faced the Young Bucks in a losing effort. Dragon Gate USA (2012)

On January 28, 2012, the Super Smash Bros. made their debut for Dragon Gate USA, defeating The Scene (Caleb Konley and Scott Reed) in a tag team match. The following day, they picked up another win over the D.U.F. (Arik Cannon and Pinkie Sanchez), after which <mask> asked for a shot at the Open the United Gate Championship. The Super Smash Bros.' win streak ended on November 2, when they were defeated by Genki Horiguchi and Ryo Saito in an Open the United Gate Championship number one contenders' match. Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (2011–2013)
On September 10, 2011, <mask> debuted in Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG) as a member of the Super Smash Bros. with Stupefied.In their debut match, they faced the RockNES Monsters (Johnny Goodtime and Johnny Yuma), a tag team with a similar video game-themed gimmick, in a losing effort. The Super Smash Bros. returned on December 10, 2011, this time losing a match against the American Wolves (Davey Richards and Eddie Edwards). The Super Smash Bros. picked up their first win in PWG on March 17, 2012, by defeating former two-time PWG World Tag Team Champions, The Young Bucks (Matt and Nick Jackson), and the RockNES Monsters in a three-way match. On April 21, the Super Smash Bros. defeated The Young Bucks in the opening round, Future Shock (Adam Cole and Kyle O'Reilly) in the semifinal, and 2 Husky Black Guys (El Generico and Willie Mack) in the final round to win the 2012 Dynamite Duumvirate Tag Team Title Tournament and become number one contenders to the PWG World Tag Team Championship. On May 25, the Super Smash Bros. defeated The Young Bucks in a No Disqualification match to win the vacant PWG World Tag Team Championship. The Super Smash Bros. made their first successful title defense on July 21 at Threemendous III, PWG's nine-year anniversary event, where they defeated Future Shock and The Young Bucks in a three-way ladder match. On December 1 at Mystery Vortex, the Super Smash Bros. made their second successful World Tag Team Championship defense against the RockNES Monsters.Later that same event, they were defeated by the Dojo Bros (Eddie Edwards and Roderick Strong) in a non-title match. On January 12, 2013, the Super Smash Bros. lost the World Tag Team Championship to the Unbreakable F'n Machines (Brian Cage and Michael Elgin) in the opening round of the 2013 Dynamite Duumvirate Tag Team Title Tournament. During the match, <mask> suffered a dislocated shoulder after performing a suicide dive to the outside of the ring. All Elite Wrestling (2019–present)
<mask> and Stu Grayson made their surprise debut as The Dark Order at AEW Double or Nothing on May 25, 2019, appearing at the conclusion of the match between Best Friends and Angélico and Jack Evans. After the match was over, the lights went out and when they came back on, <mask> and Grayson were in the ring. The lights went out a second time and when they came back on, masked henchmen surrounded the ring. The Order then attacked all four men.After the attack, the lights went out again and they disappeared. Professional wrestling style and persona
In Chikara, Player Uno became popular for basing his gimmick, moveset, and attire around video games, specifically games for the NES and SNES consoles. One of his former trademarks was his pants, which had an NES controller design on one side; if the "Pause" button was pressed, he would stop moving, and if his opponent hit him while he was "paused", Player Uno wouldn't react until getting "unpaused". He was also famous for wearing gear in the color schemes of characters such as Mario, Luigi, and Wario. In recent years, <mask> has stopped using both distinctive traits. In 2015, Dansereau repackaged himself as <mask>. Other media

On December 24, 2012, Uno appeared on a new YouTube channel called, TheNerdSlam.He, along with a group of friends, created the channel, which consists of two different web shows. One is called 4-Play where <mask> plays various video games with friends. The other is a food show called Stu's Kitchen, hosted by Stupefied. <mask> is heavily involved in the charity "Fighting Back", which was set up in memory of professional wrestler Phrank Morin to raise money for the Canadian Cancer Society. <mask> and his partner Player Dos have been part of multiple wrestling events for the charity since its creation in 2011. On August 14, 2015, during a 24-hour gaming stream for the charity, <mask>, and Dos were given the nicknames "The Big Dog" and "The Wildcat" respectively by the video game streaming group, newLEGACYinc, who were running the Fighting Back stream that year. <mask> and Dos debuted their new nicknames at 2015 Fighting Back: Wrestling with Cancer event the next day, while teaming with Último Dragón in a Trios match against Pinkie Sanchez and EYFBO.Player Uno appears on posters in the video game Guacamelee! As of October 6, 2021 Uno began co-hosting the online show Ranking of Evil on Giant Bomb. Personal life
Dansereau worked as a web specialist for the Canadian federal government. He is married and affectionately refers to his wife as "Mrs. <mask>". Championships and accomplishments

Alpha-1 Wrestling
A1 Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Player Dos/Stupefied
Capital City Championship Combat
C4 Underground Championship (1 time)
One Night Tournament
Chikara
Campeonatos de Parejas (1 time) – with Player Dos
Combat Revolution Wrestling
CRW Interim Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Stupefied
International Wrestling Syndicate
IWS Canadian Championship (1 time)
IWS World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Stupefied
Inter Species Wrestling
Inter Species Championship (1 time)
La Lutte C Vrai**
LLCV Championship (1 time)Lucha TorontoRoyal Canadian Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with StupefiedPro Wrestling GuerrillaPWG World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Stupefied
Dynamite Duumvirate Tag Team Title Tournament (2012) – with StupefiedPro Wrestling IllustratedRanked No. 188 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2021Smash WrestlingF8tful Eight Tournament (2018) - with Stu GraysonSoCal UncensoredMatch of the Year (2012) with Stupefied vs. Future Shock (Adam Cole and Kyle O'Reilly) and The Young Bucks (Matt Jackson and Nick Jackson) on July 21
Tag Team of the Year (2012) – with StupefiedSquared Circle Wrestling'''
2CW Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Stupefied

References

External links

1987 births
All Elite Wrestling personnel
Canadian expatriate professional wrestlers in the United States
Canadian male professional wrestlers
Canadian YouTubers
Living people
Masked wrestlers
Professional wrestlers from Quebec
Sportspeople from Gatineau
Twitch (service) streamers

masks:
Evil Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Evil Uno
Uno
Player Uno
Evil Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno
Uno


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<mask> (born May 10, 1945, New York City) is a rock critic, performer, and writer. He is considered by some rock historians to be the first to write real analysis of rock and roll and is credited with inventing "rock criticism". Biography
Meltzer claims that as a young man he was influenced by the pop artists Jasper Johns and Robert Rauschenberg and by the artists Paul Cézanne and Marcel Duchamp. Meltzer's first book, The Aesthetics of Rock, evolved out of his undergraduate studies in philosophy at Stony Brook University and graduate studies at Yale University. At school, he developed a reputation as something of a prankster, although his actions were closer to the spirit of performance art happenings promoted by one of his professors, Allan Kaprow, than to fraternity hijinks. One of his actions involved sending a tape recorder to class with his comments for the day on tape. Fellow student Sandy Pearlman was responsible for pushing the button.Meltzer also dabbled in art, including "detourned" comic books in the style of the situationists, which had various objects added to the pages. Meltzer, along with Pearlman and several other students, earned money on the side as booking agents for the big musical acts that came to Stony Brook in the 1960s. Following that, the two started writing lyrics and arranging gigs for a musical group they were promoting, Soft White Underbelly, later renamed Blue Öyster Cult (BÖC). Meltzer wrote the lyrics for many of the band's songs, including the hit "Burnin' for You". BÖC guitarist and keyboardist Allen Lanier is often credited with coming up with the umlaut over the O, but Meltzer claims to have suggested it to producer and manager Pearlman just after Pearlman came up with the name: "I said, 'How about an umlaut over the O?' Metal had a Wagnerian aspect anyway." Meltzer started his career in 1967 writing for Paul Williams's Crawdaddy!magazine. That year, he also taught a class in aesthetics at the Maryland Institute College of Art. He went on to write for Rolling Stone, the Village Voice and Creem. During the punk rock era, he formed a band called VOM (short for vomit) and released a four-song, 7-inch EP that included "Electrocute Your Cock". Meltzer also produced a movie, directed by <mask>, who later directed several Blue Öyster Cult videos. Clips were filmed in Casey's apartment; in Malibu, California; at the Pike in Long Beach; and at a beach-side sewage treatment plant in El Segundo, with future Mau Maus guitarist Mike R. Livingston pantomiming rhythm guitar along with Gregg Turner and  (known at that time as Kevin Saunders), who were then organizing the Angry Samoans with Mike Saunders, the drummer for VOM. The film for "Electrocute Your Cock" shows Meltzer in the shower, clad in a T-shirt reading"Halifax, NS", with jumper cables attached to his crotch and sparks hand-drawn onto the film cels simulating electrocution.Also included was a beach-side clip for "Punkmobile." The videos are included in the Angry Samoans' 1995 VHS compilation, True Documentary. In the 1980s, Meltzer dabbled in architectural criticism, writing a series of articles for the L.A. Reader alternative weekly on the ugliest buildings in Los Angeles; these pieces were later published as a book. He moved to Portland, Oregon in the 1990s, but continued contributing to the San Diego Reader. He was also a regular columnist for Addicted to Noise, and by 2004 he was a contributor to a new weekly, Los Angeles CityBeat. In 2002 he released the CD Tropic of Nipples along with Smegma, VOM, Antler and Robert Pollard of Guided by Voices.He has also performed and recorded over the past decade with the improvisational music group Smegma. In 2012, Meltzer contributed spoken-word parts to Spielgusher, a musical collaboration with bassist Mike Watt, drummer Yuko Araki and guitarist Hirotaka Shimizu. <mask> and Watt had originally hoped to collaborate during Watt's time in The Minutemen, but it was not completed before the death of Minutemen guitarist D. Boon.

masks:
Richard Meltzer
Richard Casey
Meltzer


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<mask> (born 16 January 1962) is a British-Norwegian metal-and-jewellery artist, living in Oslo, Norway. Biography
<mask>ierd was born and raised in England and moved to Norway with her Norwegian journalist mother and English father in 1967. Her father was a Commander in the Royal Navy on a 3-year contract with NATO in Bærum. During her first two years in Norway, Nippierd attended St. George's British School in Bærum, while her three siblings continued on at different boarding schools in England. In 1969 the family decided to stay in Norway, and Nippierd started at Smestad Primary School in Oslo, where several members of the Norwegian Royal Family, including King Harald V and Crown Prince Haakon Magnus, have also been pupils. Nippierd took a goldsmith course in 1990 at the Elvebakken videregående skole College, and in 1991 she enrolled at the Metal Department of the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry (now Oslo National Academy of the Arts), where she gained a master's degree in 1996. Also in 1996, she founded the studio community NB 13, which she ran for 10 years and shared with other artist colleagues, including Andrew J. Barton.Between 1997 and 2005 Nippierd was a guest teacher at the Oslo National Academy of the Arts, teaching courses in anodizing aluminium. Nippierd's works have been purchased by several institutions, including Norsk Kulturråd Arts Council Norway. and a commission for two small sculptures for the Royal Caribbean cruise ship Jewel of the Seas. Artistic Outlook
Jewellery has traditionally been marketed purely in an aesthetic and decorative function, but <mask>ierd first started working with aluminium in 1994 and was very quickly fascinated by all the possibilities this material has, due to its light weight and ability to be coloured by anodizing.She specialised in this medium in her master's degree work and has subsequently gained an international reputation for her large anodized aluminium body-sculptures. Nippierd's use of imitation fur as an artistic material serves to highlight her opposition to the cruelty of the fur trade and the use of animal fur in art and fashion. Awards & Grants
 2002:
 Oslo Bys Kulturpris, Oslo Kommune – Oslo City Cultural Award. 2004:
 Norwegian Goldsmiths' Association "Smykk Meg 2004" Design Competition – first prize. 2006:
 Statens materialstipend, Kulturdepartementet – (Norwegian) National Material Grant for Artists
 Utstillingsstipend, Norsk Kulturråd – Exhibition Grant for Artists, Arts Council Norway

Group exhibitions
1992: "Ring frei", International ring exhibition
 Galerie Zebra, Düsseldorf, (Germany)

1996: "Subjects 96" International jewellery art
 Retretti Galleri, Punkaharju, (Finland)

2001–2003: "2. ("GORGEOUS!") Norwegian Jewellery from the 21st Century.Nord Norsk Kunstnersenter (North Norwegian Regional Art Center) 22 June – 26 August

2008–2009: "Artitude – kroppsmykker"
 Kunstbanken, Hamar (Norway) 15 November 2008 – 11 January 2009

2009: "Irreverent: Contemporary Nordic Craft Art"
 Yerba Buena Center for the Arts, San Francisco (USA) 23 January – 12 April

2011: "Hodepryd og øyenslyst" ("Fancy Headgear and Delights for the Eye")
 Oslo City Hall Gallery, Oslo, Norway. Guest exhibitor with the Norwegian Hatmakers 10th Anniversary Jubilee.

masks:
Louise Nippd
Louise Nipp
Louise Nipppp


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<mask> (1839–1929) was a pioneering academic and suffragette, achieving a milestone early in her career as she became the first woman to head a public college in the United States, in 1872. The school was Mankato Normal School, now Minnesota State University, Mankato, which named a residence hall after <mask> in 2008. Overview
1. East Dennis, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Birthplace

2. Bridgewater State University: 1859 Graduate

3. Mankato State University: President 1872-1873

4. Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul

5.Peabody College, Vanderbilt University: Professor and Head of Mathematics Department, 1875 - 1907

6. Fairhaven, Massachusetts: Retirement

Family History
The <mask> family lineage begins with Richard Sares, who lived in the Plymouth Colony around 1630. The <mask> family also includes <mask>, who, in 1849, composed "It Came Upon the Midnight Clear". Most of the notable members of the <mask> family had an educational or religious backgrounds. Constant, <mask>' father, was born in 1802 and died in 1861. <mask>' mother, Deborah was born on April 19, 1801 and died in 1861. Constant and Deborah married in 1824.Constant was sea captain and retired to be a cranberry farmer and salt manufacturer. Overall, the <mask>' Family consists primarily of sea captains, religious figures in Methodist and Baptist faith, as well as educators. Early life

<mask> <mask> was born to Constant and Deborah Chipman <mask> on March 19, 1839 in East Dennis, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. <mask> was the youngest of five siblings: Thankful Snow, Emily, Sarah R., and Betsey Thomas. Her mother had another daughter, who died in 1832. <mask> had no uncles or brothers. It is suggested, this may have helped her develop a sense of independence.As children, <mask> and her sisters underwent religious training by Methodist ministers, at month-long summer camps. In her later years, <mask> recalled pretending to be a teacher when playing with friends. This may have been an early indicator of her future career. Education
<mask> attended a common school in East Dennis, from age five to age fifteen. Though it remains unclear, it is believed <mask> attended the East Dennis Academy from 1854 to 1858. During this time, <mask> decided she wanted to be an educator. <mask> moved away from home and attended Bridgewater Normal School from 1858 to 1860.Students were asked to affirm their devotion to becoming a teacher or they would be charged $10 for every term they attended the school. The principle of Bridgewater Normal School, Marshall Conant, had a passion for mathematics, astronomy and mechanics. <mask> and Mr. Conant worked closely together during her time as a student there, possibly influencing her later career choice of becoming a mathematics professor. At the end of her education, <mask> received a General Diploma of the Institution, similar to a modern-day GED. Teaching
Between 1860 and 1866 <mask> taught at a normal school in Cape Cod. In 1866, <mask> was a teacher in Western State Normal School, later to be named Farmington State Normal School. The principle of Western State Normal School was George M. Gage, but in 1868 he moved to Mankato, Minnesota.<mask> had known George Gage, as a schoolmate, at Bridgewater Normal School. After Gage's departure, <mask> went to teach at Prescott School for Boys and Girls in Charlestown, Boston. From 1869 to 1871, <mask> was the Head Assistant in Boston. In the summer of 1870, George Gage offered <mask> the position of Head Assistant at Mankato Normal School, but <mask> refused this offer. During this time, <mask> studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mankato Normal School
Miss. <mask> started teaching at the Mankato Normal School, now known as Minnesota State, in 1871.After only one year, <mask> made history by becoming the president in 1872. At this point in history, this kind of achievement was not well documented or communicated well, for the next 50–80 years, there are documents of other women believe they were the first female president of a U.S. public college. Her first address to its female graduates was forthright, stating:

You are stepping out into life at a time when you hear not the sound, 'thus far in education may you go and no farther, this place you may fill, but not that'; but, instead, universities and colleges open wide their doors and bid you enter, and any place you are fitted to fill is no longer denied you. However, such frankness was still controversial, and she was forced to leave the university after only a year. She retained considerable support among the students and the Mankato community. This support shifted into a protest, becoming so heated that it resulted in expulsions and was known as the Sears Rebellion. She then took a post as professor of mathematics at Peabody Normal School (now Peabody College of Vanderbilt University) in Nashville, Tennessee.In Nashville, she worked tirelessly as an advocate of women's rights and in particular the right to vote. She remained at Peabody until her retirement in 1907, and a portrait of her, painted in 1904, hangs today in the Peabody library. At her death in 1929, the campus newspaper said, "Her precision, her accuracy, her fairness, her brilliant demonstrations, and, above all, her ability to inspire the ambition of all those she taught became famous incidents of her instruction at Peabody." This quote was inscribed on the wall of a newly constructed residence hall that was named in her honor at Minnesota State University, Mankato in 2015, and is a reminder of the impact on the community. References

External links
Employee Guide, MSU Mankato (PDF document, quoting <mask> in preface)
The Sears Rebellion
References from Biographical Index of Tennessee Women
Art Collection of Peabody Library
Department of Residential Life— Minnesota State University, Mankato at www.mnsu.edu

1839 births
1929 deaths
American suffragists
American women's rights activists
People from Mankato, Minnesota
Minnesota State University, Mankato alumni
People from Nashville, Tennessee
Presidents of Minnesota State University, Mankato
Vanderbilt University faculty
Women heads of universities and colleges
American women academics

masks:
Julia Sears
Sears
Sears
Sears
Edmond Sears
Sears
Sears
Sears
Sears
Julia Ann
Sears
Sears
Julia
Julia
Julia
Sears
Julia Sears
Sears
Julia
Sears
Julia Sears
Julia Sears
Julia Sears
Sears
Julia Sears
Sears
Sears
Sears
Sears
Sears
Sears
Julia Sears
Sears


text_chunks:
<mask> (2 September 1755 – 30 August 1811) was a French general of division and a commander in Napoleon's elite Imperial Guard. Of plebeian origins, he was born in L'Hôpital and enlisted as private at the age of 18 years in the Prince Condé's Legion. He was promoted through the ranks; as warrant officer of a regiment of Chasseurs à Cheval, he embraced the French Revolution in 1789. He advanced quickly through the officer ranks during the French Revolutionary Wars. In 1804, Ordener organized and led the controversial kidnapping of the Duke d'Enghien. In 1805, he commanded a regiment of the Imperial Guard cavalry at several important battles, including the Battle of Austerlitz; although he led an energetic and opportune charge, Napoleon noted that Ordener seemed tired and predicted that the general would last only five or six years more. Ordener participated in one more campaign and then accepted a post in the Senate.Napoleon appointed him as Josephine Bonaparte's equerry, supervising the care and maintenance of her horses. He followed this with the post as governor of the Emperor's household in Compiegne, where Ordener died on 30 August 1811. Career

Although little is known of Ordener's youth, he was the son of commoners and joined the legion of the Prince of Conde (cousin to the king) at the age of 18 (1776). He was assigned as a private of the Boufflers Dragoons, part of this legion. In 1783, he was appointed to the quartermaster corps and in 1787, he was promoted to warrant officer. In the early days of the French Revolution, he adopted its principles with zeal and enthusiasm. Subsequently, Ordener took part in all the French Revolutionary Wars.In the War of the First Coalition,  he served with distinction in the armies of the Moselle, the Rhine, the Danube and in northern Italy. He was promoted to lieutenant in the 10th Regiment Chasseurs à Cheval (light horse) on 25 January 1792 and captain the following year. In 1796 he was promoted to chef de brigade of the 10th Regiment. At the Battle of Lodi, in northern Italy, despite the ravaging fire of Austrian cannons, Ordener held the famous bridge until the arrival of Napoleon with the rest of the army. Ordener crossed the Adda river with a brigade to encircle and envelope the Austrians at the Battle of Pavia. Afterward, he helped to take Milan. At the onset of the War of the Second Coalition in 1799, when the armies of the Danube and Helvetia were formed, he was assigned to the Army of the Danube under command of Jean Baptiste Jourdan.His 10th Regiment was part of Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr's III. Division, and held the far left flank at the Battle of Ostrach, 21 March 1799, in southwestern Germany. Although he was wounded on 14 August 1799 in Switzerland, he participated in the Second Battle of Zurich in which his 10th Chasseurs à Cheval routed a division of Russians, a decisive moment in the French victory. <mask> was promoted to colonel of the regiment in 1801 and on 29 August 1803, he was promoted to general of brigade. Duke d'Enghien affair

On Napoleon's orders, Ordener entered into the most controversial action of his career, leading a raid into the sovereign Grand Duchy of Baden to arrest Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien, in 1804. Napoleon's orders were specific: Ordener and Armand Augustin Caulaincourt were to take 300 dragoons into the duchy, surround the village of Ettenheim, where the Duke lived, arrest the Duke and Charles Francois Dumouriez, who Napoleon believed was present, and bring both of the men back to France. Ordener and Caulaincourt were instructed also to take their own provisions and to inflict neither harm nor damage on any of the duchy's inhabitants or their property.In the night of 14–15 March, the dragoons crossed the Rhine and surrounded the Duke's lodgings. Dumouriez was not there, nor had he been, but they kidnapped the Duke and took him away to France. Within a few days, the Duke was spirited into the Chateau de Vincennes, on the outskirts of Paris. There he was tried for treason and executed immediately after the verdict. This action, which involved the invasion of a sovereign state, the kidnapping of a duke and a sham trial for treason followed by the man's immediate execution, had political and diplomatic repercussions throughout Europe. Campaigns in Austria and Prussia

In 1805, Ordener participated in the campaign against Austria as commander of a regiment of horse grenadiers of the Imperial Guard. At the Battle of Austerlitz, he led a decisive and energetic charge.He executed this, upon order of Napoleon, with impetuosity; this was the charge that pushed the Russians onto the ice and during which, French sources maintain, 40,000 Russians drowned and another 30,000 were taken prisoner. Although this charge garnered for Ordener his promotion to general of division, Napoleon commented that Ordener was worn out. He followed this observation with the frequently quoted prediction, "I think we have no more than five or six years left of him." In the 1806 campaign against Prussia, Ordener commanded a division of the elite Imperial Guard cavalry. After this campaign, he became a senator and was appointed to first equerry to the Empress Josephine. In this responsibility, he supervised the care of the empress's horses, and acted as her senior aid. <mask>'s daughter, Josephine-Eugenie <mask>, was one of Josephine Bonaparte's ladies-in-waiting.He also received the Order of the Iron Crown. In December 1808, Ordener was raised to Count of the Empire by Napoleon. The following year, Napoleon nominated him as governor for the imperial Château of Compiegne, where he died in 1811 of an attack of apoplexy. He is buried at the Panthéon. François Joseph Lefebvre, Duke of Danzig, another of Napoleon's generals of plebeian origins and with whom Ordener had developed a long-standing friendship, gave the eulogy:

"It is not because of simple regrets and because of honorable mourning that we must recognize the services of a warrior who has dedicated his whole life to his fatherland and his prince. Let us give public testimony to his virtues, to his merit, to all the qualities that have made him esteemed by the Emperor and that have rendered him dear to his friends and to his family. Let us praise him today at least, because his modesty can no longer prevent us, and let us not fear to offend a virtue that he has loved so much during his life."Family

<mask> married Madeleine-Françoise Walter while he served in the quartermaster corps. They had two children, a daughter mentioned above, and a son. The son, also named <mask>, was born in Huningue, on 2 (or 3) April 1787 and attended the special military academy at Metz from which he graduated on 8 December 1803 with the grade of sous-lieutenant (second lieutenant) and an assignment to the 24th Regiment of Dragoons. He also took part in the expedition to Spain and the subsequent invasion of Portugal in 1808. He was promoted to colonel and chef de brigade of the 30th Regiment of Dragoons. The Dragoons received battle honors for their participation at the Battle of Borodino. He was wounded on 28 November 1812 in the withdrawal from Russia, at the Battle of Berezina, and again prior to Napoleon's abdication, at the Battle of Montmartre.He later fought at the Battle of Waterloo. Despite his record in the Napoleonic wars and his father's common origins, he remained at his rank of colonel at the Bourbon Restoration, was confirmed as the second Count Ordener, and was acknowledged as a Knight of the Order of Saint Louis. <mask> Jr., married Marie-Francoise-Pauline Legouis in 1829 and died in 1875. References

Citations

Bibliography
  Biographie des membres du Sénat. Paris. <mask>vy frères. 1852.Broughton, Tony. "French Dragoons and the Colonels Who Led Them 1792–1815: 30th Regiment of Dragons" September 2000  and "The Garde Imperiale and Its Commanders during the Period 1804–1815 The Cavalry Regiments." February 2003. In Military Organization, Strategy and Tactics. Napoleon Series. Robert Burnham, editor in chief. Accessed 16 May 2010.Fontaine-Daniel (Cistercian abbey). Cartulaire de l'abbay cistercienne de Fontaine-Daniel. Mayenne: Impr. Poirier-Béalu, 1896. Kagan, Frederick. The End of the Old Order: Napoleon and Europe, 1801–1805. Cambridge, MA : Da Capo Press, 2006,
  Lot, Henri.Les deux généraux Ordener. Paris: Ro Roger et F. Chernoviz, 1910. Madrolle,  D. E. "<mask>dener." Biographie universelle, ancienne et moderne. Paris: Joseph Fr. Michaud, Louis Gabriel Michaud, 1844,
  Masson, Frédéric. Joséphine répudiée (1809–1814).Paris, P. Ollendorff, [1900]. Mullié Charles. "<mask>er." Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850, Paris, 1852. Pascallet. Revue Générale, Biographique, Historique, Etc. Le Biographe Universel Et L'historien.Paris. 1846
 St. Hilaire, "Military Household of the Emperor." Sixth Book, 1806. Napoleon Series. Robert Burnham, editor in chief. September 2005. Accessed 18 May 2010.Tallyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de. Memoirs of the Prince de Talleyrand. New York: AMS Press, 1973, . Wairy, Louis Constant Wairy; Walter Clark. Recollections of the private life of Napoleon. Akron Ohio: Saalfield Pub, 1904, 1913. French generals
French military personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
French commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
Commanders in the French Imperial Guard
1811 deaths
1755 births
People from Forbach
Burials at the Panthéon, Paris
Names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe

masks:
Michel Ordener
Ordener
Michel Ordener
Ordener
Michel Ordener
Michel
Michel Ordener
Michel Lé
Michel Or
Michel Orden


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<mask> (born 16 February 1946) is an English stage, film and television actor. He is best known for his role as Private Pike in the BBC sitcom  Dad's Army. Early life
<mask> was born in Birmingham, England. He attended Bournville Boys Technical School (later Bournville Grammar-Technical School for Boys) where he appeared in many school dramatic productions. From there he went to the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School, with the assistance of a grant from the City of Birmingham. Following his graduation in 1967 he appeared on stage in Canterbury. Career
His first television appearance was as the lead in a Rediffusion play entitled Half Hour Story: Flowers at my Feet in 1968.Dad's Army
In 1968, aged 22, <mask> was cast as Private Pike, the youngest member and “stupid boy” of the platoon in the BBC sitcom Dad's Army. This made him a household name and gave him the great advantage of working alongside a number of experienced actors during his formative years, helping him to hone his acting skills. He appeared in the entire run of the series, and in the spinoff film released in 1971. He appeared in 1974 in one episode of Man About the House (While The Cat's Away) as Mark, an aspiring actor consumed by his own vanity. in the BBC Radio sitcom It Sticks Out Half a Mile. The sitcom was a radio sequel to Dad's Army, but ran for only one series. <mask> has continued to be associated with Dad's Army, and still takes part in occasional fan conventions and cast reunions.He made a variety of appearances during 2008 in connection with the 40th anniversary of the series. These included a reunion with surviving cast members in July, 2008, and an appearance on BBC1's Jonathan Ross Salutes Dad's Army in August. <mask> also recorded a special introduction for the 'lost' colour episode of Dad's Army entitled "Room at the Bottom" which was broadcast on 13 December 2008. In 2014 <mask> appeared at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in a show with Steven Mcnicoll entitled Don't tell him, Pike!, where <mask> talked about his time on Dad's Army and the subsequent effect it had on his career. He makes a cameo appearance as Brigadier Pritchard in the 2016 Dad's Army film, providing a link with the original series. After Dad's Army
After Dad's Army, <mask> returned to the theatre, including a role in a production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice starring Dustin Hoffman. Between 1971 and 1973 <mask> joined Dad's Army colleague Arthur Lowe on the BBC radio comedy Parsley Sidings.From 1982 to 1983, he was in the BBC radio comedy series, a spin-off from Dad's Army called It Sticks Out Half a Mile. <mask> also appeared in films and television series, one of which (Mr Big, 1977) featured him starring alongside Peter Jones and Prunella Scales. During the 1970s he appeared as a supporting actor in a number of British 'low farce' films, including one Carry On film - Carry On Behind (1975). He was reunited with producer David Croft for the television series Come Back Mrs. Noah (1977–78, co-written by Croft with Jeremy Lloyd), though it was unsuccessful. A revival of The Glums (1978–79), at first as part of a Bruce Forsyth variety series, proved rather more satisfactory, being adapted from scripts for the 1950s radio series Take It From Here that were written by Frank Muir and Denis Norden. <mask> then appeared in several other TV comedy shows during the 1980s, including two episodes of Yes Minister, as Richard Cartwright, and a lead role in the short-lived The Hello Goodbye Man (1984), as the inept salesman Denis Ailing. He also appeared on ITV's television game show Cluedo (1990), based on the board game.During the 1990s <mask> continued to appear occasionally in television comedy roles including a bit-part as a burglar alarm salesman in the BBC sitcom Keeping Up Appearances. He made an appearance in Goodnight Sweetheart as two different parallel universe versions of the time-travelling lead character's son Michael. He also provided the lead voice of BBC children's animation PC Pinkerton in 1988. In 2001 <mask> joined the BBC soap opera EastEnders, playing the role of Derek Harkinson, a gay friend of Pauline Fowler. He continued in EastEnders for four years, with storylines mainly involving the Fowler family, before leaving the serial in 2005. On 4 November 2016, it was announced that <mask> would make a brief return to the show. <mask> then toured with The Rocky Horror Show musical, playing the Narrator.He also played the part of a patient in the 5 May 2007 episode of Casualty on BBC. In late 2007, he toured in the comedy play Donkey's Years. In May 2008, <mask> appeared in the BBC documentary series Comedy Map of Britain. He also appeared on BBC One's The One Show on Thursday 31 July 2008. Over Christmas 2008, <mask> appeared in Celebrity Mastermind on BBC One. As presenter John Humphrys asked his name, fellow contestant Rick Wakeman shouted 'Don't tell him, Pike! ', a reference to Captain Mainwaring's most famous line from Dad's Army.At the start of 2009, <mask> appeared as a guest character in an episode of the CBBC sitcom, The Legend of Dick and Dom. <mask> starred in the film, 31 North 62 East (released September 2009), an independent psychological thriller starring John Rhys-Davies, Marina Sirtis, Heather Peace and Craig Fairbrass. <mask> appeared as Monsignor Howard in the West End theatre production of Sister Act the Musical. The musical opened at the London Palladium on 2 June 2009, and ran through to October 2010. In January 2011, <mask> appeared at the Slapstick Silent Comedy Festival in Bristol. <mask> introduced Sherlock Jr., a 1924 silent film directed by and starring Buster Keaton. In early 2013, <mask> appeared as The Mikado in three concert performances of the Gilbert and Sullivan opera, taking place in The Royal Festival Hall, London, the Symphony Hall, Birmingham and the Bridgewater Hall, Manchester.In August 2013 he made his Edinburgh Fringe debut in a stage version of The Shawshank Redemption. In November 2014, <mask> made a cameo appearance in the film remake Dad's Army directed by Oliver Parker,  released in February 2016. In February 2015 he was a recipient of one of The Oldie magazine's "Oldie of the Year Awards" - specifically the "Stupid Oldie Boy of the Year". On 9 May 2015 <mask> gave a reading at VE Day 70: A Party to Remember in Horse Guards Parade, London that was broadcast live on BBC1. In 2017, <mask> appeared  alongside Rula Lenska, Johnny Ball, Judith Chalmers and Diana Moran in the reality show A Celebrity Taste Of Italy Channel 5. During filming he fell ill with sepsis and spent some time in an Italian hospital before returning to the UK to recuperate. In 2019, <mask> appeared alongside Maureen Beattie, Jonathan Harden, Helen Vine and Rosin Rae in the mental health radio monologue series Talking Taboos, produced by Vine.<mask>'s piece, Portrait, was written by Anthony Cule, directed by Fiona McAlpine, and explored the memories of a man who had experienced a number of relationships with different alcoholics throughout his lifetime. Personal life
<mask> was first married to actress Suzanne Kerchiss. He married his second wife, American-born Miki Hardy, three years his senior, six days after his bladder cancer was diagnosed in 1993. <mask> said "We had been living together for 16 years and it was something I should have done a long time before, these things change you, they help you to see what is important in life." The bladder tumour was operated on successfully, and though <mask> has regular check-ups, doctors are confident the cancer will not return. <mask> also survived a mild heart attack in the summer of 2004. <mask> grew up supporting Aston Villa.When filming began on Dad's Army, he was allowed to choose Pike's scarf from an array in the BBC wardrobe. He chose a claret and blue scarf to remind him of his home city. He is a big cricket fan. On 22 June 2015, <mask> was awarded a star on the Birmingham Walk of Stars. Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

1946 births
Living people
Alumni of Bristol Old Vic Theatre School
British male comedy actors
English male soap opera actors
English male stage actors
Male actors from Birmingham, West Midlands
People from Birmingham, West Midlands

masks:
Arthur Ian Lavender
Lavender
Lavender
Lavender
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<mask><mask> (born October 24, 1950) is a long-distance runner from the United States who represented American Samoa in the marathon at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. <mask>'s 2:25:35 performance at the Olympics is an American Samoan national record. Known for running in costume, he has been called "the crown prince of road racing", "the king of costume", and "road-racing's longest-running joke". Early life
<mask> was born and raised in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area. He attended school in Ardsley, Pennsylvania where "he was just another class cut-up". In 1969, <mask> dropped out of Montgomery County Community College and reportedly joined a commune in Maui, Hawaii, but eventually returned to Ardsley where he began training. By 1980, he was a bee pollen salesman and a natural food advocate living in Oreland, Pennsylvania.He reportedly took 10 bee pollen tablets before races. Running career
<mask> qualified for the marathon at the United States Olympic Trials in Buffalo, New York held May 24, 1980. Wearing a shirt that read "The Road to Moscow Ends Here" in order to protest the American boycott of the Summer Olympics, he jumped out front at the start and by 11 miles had extended his lead over the pack to 150 yards. <mask> crossed the half-way point in 1:04:39, but began to slow after yelling, "a blister on my left foot!" He maintained the lead for 15 miles before dropping back and finishing in 22nd place (2:16:49). <mask> claimed that he set a fast pace so that the three American qualifiers, Tony Sandoval, Benji Durden, and Kyle Heffner who ran under 2:11:00 at that race, would all have better times than the eventual Olympic champion, Waldemar Cierpinski of East Germany who ran a 2:11:03 in Moscow. Two-weeks later, <mask> finished first ahead of Bill Rodgers and Rod Dixon at a Diet Pepsi-sponsored 10,000 meters road race in Philadelphia.In Montreal, Quebec, Canada on September 6, 1980, he set his marathon personal best of 2:14:17. The following year, <mask> led the 1981 Boston Marathon for 16 miles. He competed in the marathon at the 1984 Olympic trials, finishing in 23rd place with a time of 2:18:53. <mask> finished sixth at the 1987 Boston Marathon, and had competed in 70 marathons by the autumn of 1988. <mask> moved to Tafuna, American Samoa six months prior to the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul in order to coach and attain his Olympic eligibility. Competing in the marathon, he finished in 51st place. He was also listed as the only member on the territory's 400 meter relay team.Among <mask>'s victories are the 1981 Lewes Seashore marathon, a Sri Chinmoy marathon in 1982, the 1984 Last Train to Boston Marathon, the 1990 Maui Marathon, and the 1992 Run to the Sun 36.2 miler. In 1998 <mask> and USATF Olympic Development Official Stacey Chambers, Co-Founded the Puma USA Road Racing Track and Field Team. Costumes
<mask> Blues, Dan Aykroyd's character from The Blues Brothers, in a Souderton, Pennsylvania thrift shop. Sports Illustrated reported that <mask>'s first race as Elwood Blues was a 10K event in Southampton, Pennsylvania, where he played a few bars of "I Can't Turn You Loose" as he crossed the finish line in first place. Runner's World later quoted him as stating that he first wore the costume at the New York City Marathon where "the reaction was outrageous". <mask> regularly ran road races as the Blues Brothers character, including the 1984 Boston Marathon, the 1985 Pittsburgh Marathon, and the 1987 Charleston Distance Run, as well as events in New York City, Stockholm, and New Zealand.In 1987, <mask> and Scott Williams entered the costumed division of the Midnight Sun Run as the Blues Brothers; the pair tied for second overall. He has run the New York City Marathon as various characters: as Elwood Blues in 1983, as a Ghostbusters ghost in 1984, as a New York Mets player in 1986, and wearing a white tunic and toque as "Chef Ronzoni" in 1987. In the 1984 Toronto Marathon, <mask> ran a costumed best of 2:30:40 dressed as Michael Jackson with a red leather jacket, sequined glove, and curly black wig. He dressed as Abraham Lincoln in the 1987 Empire State Building Run-Up. One of <mask>'s own characters is "Billy Chester Polyester", reported to be "one of the leisure suit crowd" and wearing "100% synthetic clothing". He competed dressed as the character in the 1985 Bay to Breakers. Dressed in a summer version of "Polyesther" that he described as "patio wear from Sears" (a straw hat, Hawaiian shirt, and large Bermuda shorts), <mask> set a national record at the second running of the Jamaica International Marathon on January 19, 1985.His 2:24:41 performance concluded with him running backwards and dancing reggae style over the final 100 yards prior to faking a hamstring injury with ten feet to go and crawling across the finish like a snake. Another account states that in the same costume he ran a 2:15 at a marathon in New Zealand. Some of <mask>'s other original characters include "Clarence Nerdelbaum", a nerd with a calculator and a pocket protector full of pens and pencils; "Yogi High Karma, a wacko guru"; "Dr. Outrageous", a hip neurosurgeon; and "<mask>", a businessman who raced around Manhattan's financial district wearing business attire and carrying an attache case. He has also appeared in races as a migrant farm worker, a pirate, and a teamster. Personal
<mask> is a vegetarian and is reported to have founded the Philadelphia Vegetarian Society. He lived in Hawaii as of December 1988, and in Philadelphia as of January 2006. His brother Michael was a head coach of the USA National Track and Field Team.Notes

References

External links

Interview
Photos

1950 births
Living people
American male long-distance runners
American male marathon runners
American people of Samoan descent
Track and field athletes from Philadelphia
Athletes (track and field) at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Olympic track and field athletes of American Samoa

masks:
Gary M
. Fanelli
Fanelli
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Fanelli
Fanelli
Fanelli
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Fanelli
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Gary Fanelli
Fanelliwood
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Gary Wallstreet
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<mask> ( ; ; born February 20, 1952) is an Ecuadorian politician and lawyer who was President of Ecuador from August 10, 1996, to February 6, 1997. As President, <mask> was nicknamed "El Loco Que Ama" ("The Madman Who Loves", a nickname he himself championed) and was removed from office after being declared mentally unfit to rule by the National Congress of Ecuador on February 12, 1997. Bucaram claims innocence now that all cases against him have been dismissed. He lived in exile in Panama under Political Asylum laws, then returned to Ecuador in 2017 when the charges against him expired. Family political background
Born in Guayaquil, Bucaram is the son of <mask> (1920-1967), the son of Lebanese immigrants, and Rina Ortiz Caicedo (1926-1982). He grew up playing football in the streets of Guayaquil and later went on to become a successful athlete and earn a degree in physical education. He was also a hurdler.He was the flag bearer for Ecuador at the 1972 Summer Olympics but did not compete in the Games due to injury. He was the police chief of Guayas and the president of Barcelona Sporting Club, a football team from his hometown. While being a gym teacher, he earned a degree in law and soon began his political career. He used to live in Kennedy Norte, a neighborhood next to the José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport, before he left to Panama after the deposition of his government. Bucaram was the nephew of the politician Assad <mask>, who was mayor of Guayaquil. His sister, <mask>, was married to former President Jaime Roldós Aguilera, both of whom were killed in a mysterious air crash. Early political years
He was the Mayor of Guayaquil, and the founder and member of the Ecuadorian Roldosist Party (PRE).He then competed for the presidency of the Republic in 1988 and 1992 before succeeding in the 1996 run. 1996 presidential campaign

<mask> defeated Social Christian Party (PSC) candidate Jaime Nebot by winning in all but one of the 21 provinces. He was the first elected president to do so. Time as president

<mask> was President from August 10, 1996, to February 6, 1997. His cabinet was put together by Vice President Rosalia Arteaga. Within months, <mask> was accused of embezzling millions of dollars of public funds. After he took office, <mask> tried to reorganize the state, which included trying to regularize the privatization process initiated by Osvaldo Hurtado (1980, Popular Democracy Party), and supported by the next three presidents: León Febres Cordero (1984, PSC), Rodrigo Borja Cevallos (1988, Democratic Left) and Sixto Durán Ballén (1992, ex-PSC).Political opponents took advantage of Bucaram's perceived trust and loyalty in the selection of his cabinet. Many of Bucaram's ministers and senior officials were influenced by the people who were in control of the state since 1980, and made terrible mistakes. Impeachment

By 1996 the state had already been dismantled by several years of privatizations; there was no way to control corruption, also, there was no desire of Bucaram's officers to help in this matter. "The Tequila effect" severely affected the Ecuadorean economy; however, no economic measures were taken due to the scandals in which the former President Duran-Ballen's family (Flores y Miel) and his Vice-President Dahik (embezzlement of public funds) were involved. In addition, Duran-Ballén's Cenepa War against Peru exhausted the already disassembled state. During the Latin American economic crisis, Ecuador was not the exception; the private banks and financial institutions took advantage of the false "bonanza," and the bankers ended up acquiring much state property. Bankers felt the shortage and started to loan money to themselves to maintain their recently acquired properties.The cash flow started to decrease abruptly. The superintendency of banking, controlled by bankers, authorized the issuance of currency without support; this fired up a rapid currency devaluation. Bucaram had no alternative but to take economic measures which affected people on lower incomes. Bucaram was a populist, so he had no defined political tendency. He decided his economic plan to be very neo-liberal; it was designed by Argentinian economist Domingo Cavallo, and included ending subsidies, regulation of banks and financial institutions, and a strong currency devaluation ("Un sólo toque" would replace the sucre). Massive protests against the proposed economic plan left Bucaram isolated. The indigenous and social movements who helped raise him to power now were against him.The indigenous Pachakutik Movement, left-wing Democratic People's Movement (MPD), PSC and Popular Democracy were the main parties organizing the protests. This protest led to his dismissal from the Ecuadorian presidency. He was dismissed by the congress on grounds of alleged mental incapacity. <mask>'s assumed insanity was never officially diagnosed; it was more a political maneuver of the PSC and Popular Democracy who were in control of the legislative and judicial power, also, Pachakutik and MPD supported the decision in exchange for political representation. Congress passed the measure (44 votes in favor and 34 against) with a simple majority instead of the two thirds required by the Constitution, and appointed congressional leader Fabián Alarcón in his place, bypassing the sitting Vice President Rosalía Arteaga. The constitutional court determined the congressional resolution to be anti-constitutional and rejected it. The congress ignored the constitutional court resolution and proceeded to confirm Fabian Alarcon as interim president.Finally, Congress, illegally, requested that the army assert Alarcón's power. Life after impeachment
<mask> received political asylum in Panama City after several corruption charges were laid against him. He returned on Saturday, April 2, 2005, after the corruption charges were lifted the previous day. He stayed in Guayaquil for about two and a half weeks. The corruption charges against him were reinstated after Lucio Gutiérrez was forced to leave to avoid the charges. On December 1, 2014, his son <mask> "Dalo" Bucarám Jr. renounced his seat in the Ecuadorian National Assembly. On August 12, 2020, <mask> was arrested at his home in Guayaquil, in relation to the murder of an Israeli citizen, Tomer Sheinman (also known as Shy Dahan), a few days earlier in the Guayaquil jail, as there was an audio of a conversation between <mask> and the murdered Sheinman (Dahan), who was involved in trading medical supplies with Bucaram's son, Jacobo.References

External links

 <mask> Bucaram - YouTube

 Caida de Abdala Bucaram 5 de Febrero de 1997

 AUGE Y CAÍDA DE BUCARAM, EN RESUMEN

 CORRUPCIÓN EN ECUADOR: ¡PROHIBIDO OLVIDAR! Extended biography (in Spanish) by CIDOB Foundation
Official Website of the Ecuadorian Government about the country President's History
Dalo y Gaby Asambleistas, PRE la nueva Era
Biography by CIDOB (in Spanish)

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1952 births
Living people
Athletes (track and field) at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes of Ecuador
Mayors of Guayaquil
Presidents of Ecuador
Ecuadorian male hurdlers
Ecuadorian police chiefs
Ecuadorian sportsperson-politicians
Leaders ousted by a coup
Ecuadorian lawyers
Ecuadorian people of Lebanese descent
Ecuadorian people of Spanish descent
Sportspeople from Guayaquil
Ecuadorian Roldosist Party politicians

masks:
Abdalá Jaime Bucaram Ortiz
Abdalá Bucaram
Jacobo Bucaram Elmhalin
Bucaram
Martha Bucaram
Bucaram
Bucaram
Bucaram
Bucaram
Bucaram
Bucaram
Abdalá
Bucaram
Bucaram
Abdalá