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<mask> (born July 19, 1983) is a former American football cornerback. He played college football at Shippensburg University and signed with the Atlanta Falcons as an undrafted free agent in 2006. <mask> was allocated to the Hamburg Sea Devils of NFL Europa in 2006 and was part of the team that won World Bowl XV. Professional career

Atlanta Falcons

2006
On May 16, 2006, the Atlanta Falcons signed <mask> to three-year, $1.08 million contract after he went undrafted in the 2006 NFL Draft. During training camp, <mask> competed for a roster spot as a backup cornerback and special teams player. He competed against Chris Cash, Allen Rossum, and Omare Lowe before sustaining a groin injury. He was subsequently waived by the Atlanta Falcons during training camp.2007
On January 10, 2007, the Atlanta Falcons signed <mask> to a reserve/futures contract and immediately allocated him to play overseas in NFL Europa. <mask> was initially acquired by the Amsterdam Admirals before becoming a part of the Rhein Fire and then joined the Hamburg Sea Devils. He started at cornerback for the Sea Devils and helped them achieve a 7–3 record and finish first in their division. On June 23, 2007, <mask> appeared in World Bowl XV and was part of the Hamburg Sea Devils team that defeated the Frankfurt Galaxy 37–28. After winning World Bowl XV, <mask> returned to the Atlanta Falcons and attended organized team activities and training camp. Throughout camp, <mask> competed against Antoine Harris and David Irons for a job as a backup cornerback and special teams player. On September 2, 2007, the Atlanta Falcons waived <mask> as part of their final roster cuts, but re-signed him to their practice squad the following day.On December 17, 2007, the Atlanta Falcons promoted <mask> to their active roster after cornerback Lewis Sanders tore his pectoral muscle and was placed on injured reserve. On December 12, 2007, head coach Bobby Petrino resigned from his position after only 13 games where the Falcons finished with a 3–10 record. Petrino decided to accept the vacant head coaching job at Arkansas after quarterback Michael Vick was arrested for operating an unlawful interstate dog fighting venture. Interim head coach Emmitt Thomas named <mask> the third cornerback on the depth chart, behind DeAngelo Hall and Chris Houston. On December 23, 2007, <mask> made his professional regular season debut and recorded a season-high 11 combined tackles (ten solo) during a 30–27 loss at the Arizona Cardinals in Week 16. He completed his rookie season in 2007 with 12 combined tackles (11 solo) in two games and no starts. 2008
Throughout training camp, <mask> competed to be a starting cornerback after DeAngelo Hall was traded to the Oakland Raiders.He competed against Von Hutchins, David Irons, and Chevis Jackson. <mask> quickly rose up the depth chart and surprised many analysts with his performances in training camp. The Atlanta Falcons' new head coach, Mike Smith, named <mask> a starting cornerback to begin the 2008 regular season, along with Chris Houston. He made his first career start in the Atlanta Falcons' season-opener against the Washington Redskins and recorded a season-high six solo tackles in their 34–21 victory. On September 21, 2008, <mask> made one tackle, two pass deflections, and made his first career interception off a pass by quarterback Tyler Thigpen during a 38–14 win against the Kansas City Chiefs in Week 3. The following week, he collected a season-high ten combined tackles (nine solo) and broke up a pass in the Falcons' 24–9 loss at the Carolina Panthers in Week 4. In Week 8, <mask> was benched in favor of Domonique Foxworth during the Falcons' loss at the Philadelphia Eagles.On November 6, 2008, head coach Mike Smith stated Domonique Foxworth would remain the starter for the rest of the season. He was inactive for a  Week 11 loss to the Denver Broncos due to an ankle injury. <mask> was sidelined for three more games (Weeks 13–15) after injuring his knee. He completed the 2008 season with 34 combined tackles (30 solo), six passes defensed, and an interception in 12 games and six starts. The Atlanta Falcons finished second in the NFC South with an 11–5 record and clinched a wildcard berth. On January 3, 2009, <mask> appeared in his first career playoff game as the Falcons lost 30–24 at the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Wildcard Game. 2009
During training camp, <mask> competed for a job as a starting cornerback against Chris Owens, Von Hutchins, Chevis Jackson, and David Irons.Head coach Mike Smith named <mask> and Chris Houston the starting cornerbacks to begin the regular season. On November 22, 2009, <mask> collected a season-high ten combined tackles (eight solo), two pass deflections, and an interception during a 34–31 loss at the New York Giants. In Week 15, he recorded six solo tackles, deflected two passes, and intercepted two pass attempts by quarterback Mark Sanchez in the Falcons' 10–7 victory at the New York Jets. The following week, <mask> collected a season-high nine solo tackles, a pass deflection, and an interception during a 31–3 win against the Buffalo Bills in Week 16. On December 29, 2009, it was announced that <mask> was selected to be an alternate for the 2010 Pro Bowl. On January 3, 2010, <mask> made two solo tackles, a season-high three pass deflections, and intercepted a pass by Josh Freeman in a 20–10 victory at the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Week 17. His interception marked his third consecutive game with a pick.<mask> finished the 2009 season with 66 combined tackles (62 solo), 13 pass deflections, and a season-high six interceptions in 16 games and eight starts. 2010
During training camp, <mask> competed for a job as a starting cornerback against Chris Owens. Head coach Mike Smith named <mask> and newly acquired free agent Dunta Robinson the starting cornerbacks to begin the 2010 regular season. On October 17, 2010, <mask> collected a season-high 12 combined tackles (ten solo) and a pass deflection in the Falcons' 31–17 loss at the Philadelphia Eagles in Week 6. In Week 13, he made seven combined tackles, a career-high six pass deflections, and intercepted a pass by Josh Freeman during a 28–24 victory at the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. On December 19, 2010, <mask> recorded five pass deflections, three solo tackles, and an interception in a 34–18 win at the Seattle Seahawks in Week 15. <mask> earned NFC Defensive Player of the Week for his performance.He recorded a career-high 87 combined tackles (76 solo), 23 pass deflections, and five interceptions in 16 games and 16 starts. The Atlanta Falcons finished first in the NFC South with a 13–3 record, clinching home-field advantage and a first round bye. On January 15, 2011, <mask> started in his first career playoff game and collected seven solo tackles in a 48–21 loss to the Green Bay Packers in the NFC Divisional Round. On January 24, 2011, it was announced that <mask> would play in the 2011 Pro Bowl as a replacement for Charles Woodson who was appearing in Super Bowl XLV. 2011
On July 25, 2011, the Atlanta Falcons placed a first round restricted free agent tender on <mask>. On August 4, 2011, <mask> signed his one-year, $2.61 million restricted free agent tender to remain with the Falcons for the 2011 season. Defensive coordinator Brian VanGorder retained <mask> and Dunta Robinson as the starting cornerback duo to begin the regular season.In Week 5, <mask> recorded a season-high seven combined tackles and deflected two passes during a 25–14 loss to the Green Bay Packers. In Week 12, he sustained a knee injury and underwent minor knee surgery that sidelined him for the next three games (Weeks 13–15). <mask> re-injured his knee and was inactive for the Falcons' Week 17  victory against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and during their NFC Wildcard Game at the New York Giants. He completed the season with 49 combined tackles (37 solo), 14 passes defensed, and an interception in 12 games and 12 starts. 2012
On March 2, 2012, the Atlanta Falcons applied their franchise tag to <mask> for the upcoming 2012 season. On April 24, 2012, <mask> signed his one-year, $10.60 million franchise tag after speculation that the Falcons were seeking a trade to acquire cornernack Asante Samuel. The Atlanta Falcons' new defensive coordinator Mike Nolan retained <mask> and Dunta Robinson the starting cornerbacks to begin the season, ahead of Asante Samuel.He started in the Atlanta Falcons' season-opener at the Kansas City Chiefs and recorded six solo tackles before exiting in the fourth quarter of their 40–24 victory with a calf injury. On September 11, 2012, the Atlanta Falcons placed <mask> on injured reserve for the rest of the season after it was discovered he would have to undergo surgery for a torn Achilles tendon. 2013
After the 2012 season, <mask> became an unrestricted free agent. The Atlanta Falcons did not offer <mask> a contract. During free agency, <mask> attended visits with the Cleveland Browns and Miami Dolphins. Miami Dolphins

On March 30, 2013, the Miami Dolphins signed <mask> to a one-year, $5.50 million contract with $2.75 million guaranteed. <mask> entered training camp slated as the No.1 cornerback on the depth chart and led a young core of cornerbacks that included Will Davis and Jamar Taylor. Head coach Joe Philbin named <mask> the starter to begin the regular season, alongside Dimitri Patterson. On September 15, 2013, <mask> recorded a season-high three pass deflections, five combined tackles, and intercepted a pass by Andrew Luck during a 24–20 victory at the Indianapolis Colts in Week 2. In Week 9, he collected five solo tackles, deflected a pass, and returned an interception for his first career touchdown in the Dolphins' 22–20 win against the Cincinnati Bengals. He intercepted a pass by quarterback Andy Dalton, that was originally intended for Marvin Jones, and returned it for a 94-yard touchdown in the third quarter. On December 22, 2013, he collected a season-high six combined tackles in the Dolphins' 19–0 loss at the Buffalo Bills in Week 16. On December 23, 2013, <mask> was voted to the 2014 Pro Bowl, marking his third Pro Bowl selection.<mask> completed the 2013 season with a total of 60 combined tackles (52 solo), 17 passes defensed, four interceptions, and a touchdown in 16 games and 16 starts. He ranked as the second best cornerback by Pro Football Focus and was ranked as the 95th best player by his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2014. 2014
On March 3, 2014, the Miami Dolphins signed <mask> to a four-year, $32 million contract that includes $16 million guaranteed and a signing bonus of $6 million. The contract is only guaranteed for the first two seasons and includes an option for the Dolphins to opt-out of the contract in 2016 or 2017. Defensive coordinator Kevin Coyle retained <mask> as a starting cornerback, alongside Cortland Finnegan. <mask> and Finnegan drew comparisons for their small school pedigree as both entered the league in 2006, stood at 5'10", and became Pro Bowl cornerbacks. In Week 6, he collected a season-high seven solo tackles and broke up a pass in a 27–24 loss to the Green Bay Packers.On October 26, 2014, <mask> made three combined tackles, a pass deflection, and returned an interception for a touchdown during a 27–13 win at the Jacksonville Jaguars in Week 8. <mask> intercepted a pass attempt by quarterback Blake Bortles, that was intended for wide receiver Cecil Shorts, in the third quarter. The touchdown marked his second career pick six. In Week 9, he made three solo tackles, broke up two passes, and intercepted two passes by Philip Rivers as the Dolphins routed the San Diego Chargers 37–0. He received the AFC Defensive Player of the Week for his performance. The following week, <mask> made two combined tackles, two pass deflections, and an interception during a 20–16 loss at the Detroit Lions in Week 10. He made an impressive one-handed interception off a pass attempt by Matthew Stafford that was originally intended for wide receiver Calvin Johnson in the second quarter.His interception was his fourth pick in the last three games. On December 23, 2014, it was announced that <mask> was selected to his second consecutive Pro Bowl. He finished the 2014 season with 57 combined tackles (47 solo), 12 pass deflections, five interceptions, and a touchdown in 16 games and 16 starts. On January 25, 2015, <mask> started in the 2015 Pro Bowl as part of Team Carter and recorded three solo tackles, five pass deflections, and an interception in their 32–28 victory over Team Irvin. 2015
Head coach Joe Philbin retained <mask> as the No. 1 cornerback to begin the regular season, along with Jamar Taylor and nickelback Brice McCain. On October 5, 2015, the Miami Dolphins fired head coach Joe Philbin after they began the season with a 1–3 record.Tight ends coach Dan Campbell was named the interim head coach for the remainder of the season. In Week 6, <mask> made a season-high four pass deflections, two combined tackles, and intercepted a pass by Marcus Mariota in a 38–10 victory at the Tennessee Titans. On November 8, 2015, <mask> collected a season-high seven solo tackles in the Dolphins' 33–17 loss to the Buffalo Bills in Week 9. He was inactive for the Dolphins' Week 10 victory at the Philadelphia Eagles due to a rib injury. He finished the 2015 season with 49 combined tackles (42 solo), 14 passes defensed, and four interceptions in 15 games and 15 starts. <mask> also had four punt returns for 59-yards (14.8 YPR). On January 24, 2016, <mask> was selected to play in the 2016 Pro Bowl after Chris Harris Jr. and Aqib Talib were unable to attend due to the Denver Broncos reaching Super Bowl 50.He earned an overall grade of 74.8 from Pro Football Focus in 2015. 2016
On March 7, 2016, <mask> was cut by the Dolphins after he refused to restructure his contract. Miami Dolphins' owner Stephen M. Ross later stated <mask> was released, in part, due to his wife's distracting behavior. His wife had multiple incidents during <mask>' tenure with the Miami Dolphins. Miko <mask> was arrested outside of Sun Life Stadium in September, threatened a Miami Herald reporter over a story questioning <mask>' future with the Dolphins, and publicly criticized quarterback Ryan Tannehill's performance. Regarding Ryan Tannehill, she posted on Twitter, "I knew this qb stunk the minute we signed to this team." <mask> later apologized to Tannehill and stated multiple times to the media his wife's thoughts are her own.After signing with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, his wife made a post on Instagram where she described the Miami Dolphins as "the dumpster fire of the AFC East." Tampa Bay Buccaneers
On March 11, 2016, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers signed <mask> to a two-year, $13.50 million contract that includes $7 million guaranteed. With extra incentives, the contract has a possible total value of $16.50 million. <mask> was reunited with Tampa Bay Buccaneers' defensive coordinator Mike Smith who was his head coach with the Atlanta Falcons. Head coach Dirk Koetter named <mask> and Alterraun Verner the starting cornerbacks to begin the regular season, ahead of Vernon Hargreaves, Josh Robinson, Jude Adjei-Barimah, and Johnthan Banks. On December 24, 2016, <mask> recorded a season-high nine solo tackles in the Buccaneers' 31–24 loss at the Indianapolis Colts in Week 16. The following week, <mask> made a season-high four pass deflections, recorded four combined tackles, and returned an interception for a touchdown during a 17–16 victory against the Carolina Panthers in Week 17.He intercepted a pass by quarterback Cam Newton, that was intended for wide receiver Ted Ginn Jr., and returned it for a 31-yard touchdown in the third quarter. The touchdown became <mask>' third career pick six. <mask> completed the 2016 season with 57 combined tackles (51 solo), a career-high 24 pass deflections, four interceptions, a forced fumble, and a touchdown in 16 games and 16 starts. <mask> earned an overall grade of 90.2 from Pro Football Focus. The grade was the highest overall grade of his career and ranked fourth among all qualifying cornerbacks in 2016. 2017
Head coach Dirk Koetter retained <mask> as the No. 1 cornerback to start the regular season, along with Vernon Hargreaves.<mask> was inactive for the Buccaneers' Week 3 loss at the Minnesota Vikings after injuring his shoulder. On October 15, 2017, <mask> recorded a season-high eight combined tackles, deflected two passes, and returned an interception by quarterback Carson Palmer for a 39-yard gain during a 38–33 loss at the Arizona Cardinals in Week 6. He aggravated his shoulder injury and was sidelined for another two games (Weeks 8–9) before returning in Week 10. He completed the 2017 season with 49 combined tackles (44 solo), 11 passes defensed, and three interceptions in 13 games and 13 starts. Pro Football Focus gave <mask> an overall grade of 82.0, which is considered above average and ranked 36th among all qualifying cornerbacks. 2018
On March 12, 2018, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers re-signed <mask> to a fully guaranteed one-year, $7 million contract. The agreement has a potential value of $10 million with incentives.NFL career statistics

Personal life
<mask> is the son of Pennsylvania resident Deborah "Debbie" Hall. <mask> is married to Miko <mask>, a former professional basketball player and former sports talk show host. They married in 2010, and their son, Aiden, was born that same year. References

External links
Atlanta Falcons bio

1983 births
Living people
Players of American football from Philadelphia
American football cornerbacks
Shippensburg Red Raiders football players
Atlanta Falcons players
Hamburg Sea Devils players
Miami Dolphins players
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
National Conference Pro Bowl players
Unconferenced Pro Bowl players

masks:
Brent Omar Grimes
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Sir <mask> (10 February 1609 – after May 1641) was an English poet, prominent among those renowned for careless gaiety and wit – the accomplishments of a Cavalier poet. He also invented the card game cribbage. He is best known for his poem "Ballade upon a Wedding". <mask> was born at Whitton, in the parish of Twickenham, Middlesex, and baptized there on 10 February 1609. His father, Sir <mask>, was Secretary of State under James I and Comptroller of the Household of Charles I. His mother was Elizabeth Cranfield, sister of Sir Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex. Life
The poet inherited his father's estate at the age of 18, having attended Trinity College, Cambridge from 1623 and enrolled at Gray's Inn in 1627.His intimates included Ben Jonson, Thomas Carew, Richard Lovelace, Thomas Nabbes and especially <mask> and Sir William Davenant, who later furnished <mask> with information about him. In 1628, <mask> left London for France and Italy, returning before the autumn of 1630, when he was knighted. In 1631 he volunteered for a force raised by the Marquess of Hamilton to serve under Gustavus Adolphus in Germany. He was back at Whitehall in May 1632, having taken part in the Battle of Breitenfeld and several sieges. <mask>'s poetic talent was one of many accomplishments, but commended him especially to Charles I and his queen, Henrietta Maria. He says of himself ("A Sessions of the Poets") that he "prized black eyes or a lucky hit at bowls above all the trophies of wit." Aubrey says he invented the game of cribbage and relates that his sisters came weeping to a bowling green at Piccadilly to dissuade him from play, lest he lose their portions.<mask> was so passionately fond of cards that he frequently spent a whole morning in bed with a pack, studying the subtleties of his favourite games. He was not only the most skilful card-player, but also the best bowler in England. <mask> is said to have sent numerous packs of marked playing cards to aristocratic houses in England and then travelled around playing cribbage with the gentry. He managed to win around £20,000. In 1634, scandal was caused in his circle by a beating he received at the hands of Sir <mask>, a rival suitor for the daughter of Sir <mask>. It has been suggested that the incident, narrated at length in a letter of 10 November 1634 from George Garrard to Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, had something to do with his beginning to seek more serious society. In 1635 he retired to his estates in obedience to an order of 20 June 1632 enforced by the Star Chamber against absentee landlordism, and employed his time in literary pursuits.In 1637 "A Sessions of the Poets" was circulated in manuscript, and about the same time he wrote a tract on Socinianism: An Account of Religion by Reason (printed 1646). In 1639, <mask> assisted King Charles I in his first Scottish war, raising a troop of a hundred horse at a cost of £12,000, and accompanying Charles on the Scottish expedition of 1639. Putnam's Monthly Magazine of American Literature states,

The amusing "pasquil" was "On Sir <mask>'s most warlike preparations for the Scottish war" in Musarum deliciae (printed 1656). <mask> was elected as member for Bramber in Sussex at a by-election on 30 April 1640, during the Short Parliament. It was complained he had won by "undue means", but the parliament was dissolved on 5 May in any case. That winter <mask> wrote a letter to Henry Jermyn, afterwards Earl of St Albans, advising the king to disconcert the opposition leaders by making more concessions than they asked for. In May the following year he was implicated in the First Army Plot, an attempt to rescue the Earl of Strafford from the Tower and bring in French troops to the king's aid.This was exposed by the evidence of Colonel George Goring. <mask> left London with Jermyn and others on 6 May 1641 to flee to France; they were found guilty of high treason in their absence by Parliament on 13 August 1641. The circumstances of his short exile are obscure and accounts of how he died vary. Alexander Pope, writing in the next century, stated he had died on arriving in Calais, of fever from a wound in his foot caused by a nail having been driven into his boot by a servant who absconded with his money and papers. He was certainly in Paris in the summer of 1641, when on 3 July Sir Francis Windebanke wrote to his son that Parliament had stopped pensions it had been paying to himself, <mask> and Jermyn. One pamphlet related a story of elopement with a lady to Spain, where he fell into the hands of the Inquisition. Generally accepted is Aubrey's statement that he committed suicide by poison in Paris, for fear of poverty.He was buried there at a Protestant cemetery. A pamphlet, An Elegy on the Renowned Sir <mask> (sic) was written in February 1642 or earlier. Dramatic works
As a dramatist <mask> is noteworthy for applying to regular drama the accessories being used in the production of masques. His Aglaura (printed 1638) was produced at his own expense with elaborate scenery. Even the lace on the actors' coats was of real gold and silver. The play, despite its felicity of diction, lacks dramatic interest. The criticism of Richard Flecknoe (Short Discourse of the English Stage) that it seemed "full of flowers, but rather stuck in than growing there," has some weight.The Goblins (1638, printed 1646) has some reminiscences of The Tempest; Brennoralt, or the Discontented Colonel (1639, printed 1646) is a satire on the Scots, disguised as Lithuanian rebels in the play. A fourth play, The Sad One, was left unfinished due to the outbreak of the Civil War. According to Samuel Pepys's diary (23 January 1666/67), he was persuaded to see "the dancing preparatory to to-morrow for 'The Goblins,' a play of <mask>'s, not acted these twenty-five years; which was pretty." Poetry

Among the best known of his minor pieces are the "Ballade upon a Wedding", for the marriage of Roger Boyle, afterwards Earl of Orrery, and Lady Margaret Howard, "I prithee, send me back my heart," "Out upon it, I have loved three whole days together," and "Why so pale and wan, fond lover?" from Aglaura. "A Sessions of the Poets", describes a meeting of contemporary versifiers under the presidency of Apollo to decide who should wear the laurel wreath. It is the prototype of many later satires.A collection of <mask>'s poems first appeared in 1646 as Fragmenta Aurea. The Selections (1836) published by Alfred Inigo <mask> is in fact a complete edition, of which WC Hazlitt's edition (1874; revised 1892) is little more than a reprint with some additions. The Poems and Songs of Sir <mask>, edited by <mask> and decorated with woodcut border and initials by Charles Ricketts, was artistically printed at the Ballantyne Press in 1896. In 1910 <mask>'s works in prose and verse were edited by A. Hamilton Thompson. For anecdotes of <mask>'s life see <mask>'s Brief Lives (Clarendon Press ed., ii.242). References

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17th-century English poets
17th-century English male writers
Knights Bachelor
Suicides by poison
1609 births
1642 deaths
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
17th-century English dramatists and playwrights
English male dramatists and playwrights
English male poets
17th-century suicides

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John Suckling
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<mask> (] born 26 May 1957) is an Austrian politician who served as State Secretary for Cultural Affairs in the government of Chancellor Sebastian Kurz in 2020. She is a member of the Austrian Green party The Greens – The Green Alternative, part of the European Green Party. From 2009 until 2017, Lunacek was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP). During that time, she served as Vice President of the European Parliament, Member of the Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament and head of delegation of the Austrian Greens in the European Parliament. She was Kosovo rapporteur and co-president of the Intergroup on LGBTI Rights and Member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and Substitute in the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs. In 2017, <mask> was the Greens' top candidate for the Austrian general election, in which the party suffered a historic defeat and failed to win a single seat in parliament for the first time since 1983. <mask> subsequently stepped down from all Austrian and EU political functions.Life
From 1967 to 1975 Lunacek attended high school in the second district of Vienna. Furthermore, she spent one academic year (1973–74) as an AFS-student at a high school in Boone, Iowa. In 1975 she started studying interpreting (English and Spanish) at the University of Innsbruck and graduated in 1983. During this time she was involved in the establishment of the women's refuge Innsbruck and did social work. From 1984 to 1986 she was an adviser for the organization "Frauensolidarität" (Solidarity among Women) in Vienna. Afterwards Lunacek was editor of the magazine "Südwind" and press officer of the Austrian Information Service for Development Politics (ÖIE). In addition she worked as a freelance translator and journalist.In 1994 Lunacek was NGO delegate at the UN International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo and a year later she coordinated the press work of all NGOs at the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing. Political career
<mask>'s political career began in 1995 with the presentation of the "Appeal to reason", organized by the Austrian Lesbian and Gay Forum in Palais Auersperg, and the first-time candidacy for the Austrian Green Party, whose federal business manager she was from 1996 to 1998. Member of the Austrian Parliament, 1999–2009
From 1999 to 2009, Lunacek was a member of parliament and the Green group's spokeswoman on foreign and development policy as well as equality for lesbians, gays and transgender persons. Also starting in 1999, she was deputy chairwoman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. As the first openly lesbian politician in the Austrian Parliament, she is also a member of the Greens "andersrum". On 5 May 2006 <mask> was elected co-chair of the European Green Party in Helsinki, a position she held for 3 years. On 28 October 2008 she became vice-chair of the Green Parliamentary Club in Austria and was nominated frontrunner for the 2009 European Parliament election.Member of the European Parliament, 2009–2017
On 14 July 2009 Lunacek moved into the European Parliament as head of delegation of the Austrian Greens. During her tenure, she was a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET), the Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality (FEMM) and the delegation to the parliamentary Cooperation Committees EU-Armenia, EU-Azerbaijan and EU-Georgia (DSCA). In addition she was a substitute member of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE), the delegation for relations with Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro and Kosovo (DSEE) and the delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly (DEPA). Moreover, she was the Parliament's Rapporteur for Kosovo and the foreign affairs spokesperson of the Greens/EFA group. As co-president of the European Parliament's Intergroup on LGBTI Rights Lunacek also fought for the rights of lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgender persons. In addition, she was a member of the European Parliament Intergroup on the Western Sahara and the European Parliament Intergroup on Children's Rights. In 2011, European Voice reported that Lunacek, encouraged by aides to Catherine Ashton, had applied to become head of the EEAS’s office in Kosovo, but was then told that, as a non-diplomat, she was not eligible.Lunacek led EU-Election Observer Missions on numerous occasions, including for the 2013 Honduran general elections. In February 2013 Lunacek was elected vice-president of the Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament, under the leadership of Rebecca Harms and Daniel Cohn-Bendit. Following the 2014 European elections, the group voted for her as candidate for the presidency of the European Parliament. She served as one of the fourteen Vice Presidents of the European Parliament who sit in for the president in presiding over the plenary. In this capacity, she was in charge of the parliament’s Sakharov Prize and representing the parliament in matters concerning the Western Balkans. She was also a member of the Democracy Support and Election Coordination Group (DEG), which oversees the Parliament’s election observation missions. Career in national politics
Lunacek briefly served as State Secretary for Cultural Affairs in the government of Chancellor Sebastian Kurz in early 2020.In May 2020, she quit under pressure from theatre directors and performers over a lack of urgency in reopening cultural venues even as a lockdown amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria had been eased. Political positions
In 2013, Lunacek advocated for a non-binding resolution on "Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights". that called for "age-appropriate and gender-sensitive sexuality and relationship education ... for all children and adolescents" and referenced a document co-authored by the WHO in which some sexuality information is deemed appropriate from age 4. After some controversy, the European Parliament instead passed a modified version which declared sexual education a competence of the member states. Lunacek called the opponents of the report “right-wing bigots” stating the groups were against “women’s right to a safe and healthy reproductive and sexual life”. On 27 April 2017, Lunacek welcomed the release of Ramush Haradinaj, former leader of Albanian Liberation Army KLA. Haradinaj was accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity by the Serbian War crimes prosecutor and Serbia demanded his extradition.Lunacek urged EU officials to pressure Serbia to withdraw its arrest warrants. Other activities
 Austrian Institute for International Affairs (OIIP), Member of the Board
 EastWest Institute, Member of the Parliamentarians Network for Conflict Prevention
 European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR), Member
 European Forum Alpbach, Member of the Council
 Österreichisch-Saharauische Gesellschaft (ÖSG), Member

Awards
 Grand Gold Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria (2009)
 Rosa Courage Award (2013)

Personal life
Lunacek had her coming-out in 1980. Since 1994 she has been living with a native Peruvian. References

External links

 Homepage of Ulrike <mask>
 Fanpage on Facebook
 Austrian Greens in the EP
 Greens "andersrum"
 Homepage Intergroup on LGBTI Rights
 Biography of Ulrike <mask> in Parliament of Austria

1957 births
Living people
Members of the National Council (Austria)
LGBT rights activists from Austria
LGBT politicians from Austria
Lesbian politicians
The Greens – The Green Alternative MEPs
MEPs for Austria 2009–2014
MEPs for Austria 2014–2019
LGBT MEPs for Austria
20th-century Austrian women politicians
21st-century women MEPs for Austria
University of Innsbruck alumni

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Urike Lunacek
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Lunacek


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<mask> (20 March 186827 June 1942), whose name was recorded after his birth as <mask>, was an English author. He published 21 books and numerous short stories and features. His humorous works were ranked with Jerome K. Jerome and W. W. Jacobs, his detective stories with Conan Doyle, his politico-science fiction with H. G. Wells, and his supernatural stories with Algernon Blackwood. George Orwell acknowledged that <mask>'s book What Might Have Been influenced his Nineteen Eighty-Four. <mask> created the characters Kai Lung and Max Carrados. Early career
<mask> (on his birth certificate the spelling of his middle name is given phonetically, as 'Brammah') was born in Manchester, England in 1868, the son of Charles Clement and Susannah (Brammah) Smith. Aged 16, he dropped out of Manchester Grammar School, having been close to the bottom in each subject.He went into farming, first as a farm pupil and then in his own right. He was supported by his father, who had risen in a short time from a factory hand to a wealthy man. The farming enterprise cost his father £100,000 in today's money, but it was while farming that <mask> began to contribute local vignettes to the Birmingham News. Later he wrote a tongue-in-cheek book about his adventures in farming. It found few buyers, and was remaindered and pulped, though his father agreed to support him while he made his way in Grub Street as a writer. He eventually obtained a position as secretary to Jerome K. Jerome and rose to become editor of one of Jerome's magazines. After leaving Jerome he edited other journals for a publishing firm that later went bankrupt.Writing career

<mask> attained commercial and critical success with his creation of Kai Lung, an itinerant storyteller. He first appears in The Wallet of Kai Lung which was rejected by eight publishers before Grant Richards published it in 1900. It was still in print a hundred years later. The Kai Lung stories are humorous tales set in China, often with fantasy elements such as dragons and gods. With Kai Lung, <mask> invented a form of Mandarin English illustrated by the following passages:
"Kai Lung rose guardedly to his feet, with many gestures of polite assurance and having bowed several times to indicate his pacific nature, he stood in an attitude of deferential admiration. At this display the elder and less attractive of the maidens fled, uttering loud and continuous cries of apprehension to conceal the direction of her flight". "In particular, there is among this august crowd of Mandarins one Wang Yu, who has departed on three previous occasions without bestowing the reward of a single cash.If the feeble and covetous Wang Yu will place in his very ordinary bowl the price of one of his exceedingly ill-made pipes, this unworthy person will proceed." "After secretly observing the unstudied grace of her movements, the most celebrated picture-maker of the province burned the implements of his craft, and began life anew as a trainer of performing elephants." The Kai Lung stories are studded with proverbs and aphorisms, such as the following:
 "He who lacks a single tael sees many bargains"
 "It is a mark of insincerity of purpose to spend one’s time in looking for the sacred Emperor in low-class teashops"
 "It has been said there are few situations in life that cannot be honourably settled, and without loss of time, either by suicide, a bag of gold or by thrusting a despised antagonist over the edge of a precipice on a dark night"

<mask> also wrote political science fiction. What Might Have Been, published in 1907 and republished as The Secret of the League in 1909, is an anti-socialist dystopia reflecting <mask>'s conservative political views. It was acknowledged by George Orwell as a source for Nineteen Eighty-Four. Orwell credited it with giving a considerably accurate prediction of the rise of Fascism. At a time when the English Channel had yet to be crossed by an aeroplane, <mask> foresaw aerial express trains traveling at 10,000 feet, a nationwide wireless-telegraphy network, a prototype fax machine and a cypher typewriter similar to the German Enigma machine.In 1914, <mask> created Max Carrados, a blind detective. Given the outlandish idea that a blind man could be a detective, in the introduction to the second Carrados book The Eyes of Max Carrados, <mask> compared his hero's achievements to those of real-life blind people such as Nicholas Saunderson, Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, Blind Jack of Knaresborough the road builder, John Fielding the Bow Street Magistrate (of whom it was said he could identify 3,000 thieves by their voices), and Helen Keller. In 1929, <mask> wrote the book "English Regal Copper Coins" which was published by Methuen. The book concentrates on British copper coinage from 1671 during the reign of Charles II until the end of pure copper coin production during Victoria's reign in 1860. The book is still used widely by numismatic auction houses throughout the world with Bramah reference numbers. The section on coin rarity as a percentage of production for each year is still considered useful to date. "Interesting times" and other quotations
<mask> has been credited with the invention of the saying, widely quoted as an ancient Chinese curse, "May you live in interesting times", along with "May you come to the attention of those in authority" and "May you find what you are looking for".However, these do not appear in the Kai Lung stories. Archives at Harry Ransom Center

<mask>'s manuscripts,correspondence and additional materials including his work for Jerome K. Jerome and as staff member at Today, The Idler (1892–1911) and the Grosvenor Press  are held at the University of Texas Harry Ransom Center. A letter of 27 April 1923 from <mask> to Grant Richards explains he had never been to China. Personal life and death
<mask> was a very private man who did not make public any details of his personal life. He was married to Lucy Maisie Smith. He died at the age of 74 in Weston-super-Mare, Somerset, leaving an estate valued at £15,172 (). After his death, his widow presented a collection of all his published books to the Hammersmith borough libraries, for reference use only.<mask> had lived in Hammersmith for some 30 years, not far from Ravenscourt Park. Select bibliography

Kai Lung

Books
The Wallet of Kai Lung (1900)
Kai Lung's Golden Hours (1922)
Kai Lung Unrolls His Mat (1928)
The Moon of Much Gladness (1932; published in the United States as The return of Kai Lung)
The Kai Lung Omnibus (1936). Includes The Wallet of Kai Lung, Kai Lung's Golden Hours and Kai Lung Unrolls His Mat
Kai Lung Beneath the Mulberry Tree (1940)
The Celestial Omnibus (1940; selected stories from the earlier books)
Kai Lung: Six (1974)
Kai Lung Raises His Voice (2010). Includes Kai Lung: Six, the story from The Specimen Case and four previously unpublished stories)

Max Carrados books, short stories and plays

Books
Max Carrados (1914)
The Eyes of Max Carrados (1923)
Max Carrados Mysteries (1927)
The Bravo of London (1934)
Best Max Carrados Detective Stories (1972). A selection of stories included in the collections published in <mask>'s lifetime
The Eyes of Max Carrados (2013) contains Max Carrados, The Eyes of Max Carrados, Max Carrados Mysteries and  the short story A Bunch of Violets included in The Specimen Case

Short stories
"The Master Coiner Unmasked". News of the World, 17 August 1913. Collected in Max Carrados as "The Coin of Dionysius"
"The Mystery of the Signals".News of the World, 24 and 31 August 1913. Collected in Max Carrados as "The Knights Cross Signal Problem"
"The Tragedy at Brookbend Cottage". News of the World, 7 and 14 September 1913. Collected in Max Carrados
"The Clever Mrs Straithwaite". News of the World, 21 and 28 September 1913. Collected in Max Carrados
"The Great Safe Deposit Coup". News of the World, 5 and 12 October 1913.Collected in Max Carrados as "The Last Exploit of Harry the Actor"
"The Tilling Shaw Mystery". News of the World, 19 and 26 October 1913. Collected in Max Carrados
"The Secret of Dunstan's Tower". News of the World, 2 and 9 November 1913. Collected in The Eyes of Max Carrados
"The Comedy at Fountain Cottage". News of the World, 16 and 23 November 1913. Collected in Max Carrados
"The Kingsmouth German Spy Case".News of the World, 30 November and 7 December 1913. Collected in The Eyes of Max Carrados'
"The Missing Actress Sensation". News of the World, 14 December 1913. Collected in The Eyes of Max Carrados"The Virginiola Fraud". News of the World, 21 December 1913. Collected in The Eyes of Max Carrados"The Game Played in the Dark". News of the World, 28 December 1913.Collected in Max Carrados"The Bunch of Violets". Strand Magazine, July 1924. Collected in The Specimen Case"The Disappearance of Marie Severe". First published in The Eyes of Max Carrados"The Mystery of the Poisoned Dish of Mushrooms". First published in The Eyes of Max Carrados (Also published as "Who Killed Charlie Winpole?") "The Ghost at Massingham Mansions". First published in The Eyes of Max Carrados"The Ingenious Mr Spinola".First published in The Eyes of Max Carrados"The Eastern Mystery". First published in The Eyes of Max Carrados"The Secret of Headlam Heights". The New Magazine, December 1925. Collected in Max Carrados Mysteries"The Mystery of the Vanished Petition Crown". The New Magazine, January 1926. Collected in Max Carrados Mysteries"The Crime at the House in Culver Street". The New Magazine, February 1926.Collected in Max Carrados Mysteries"The Curious Circumstances of the Two Left Shoes". The New Magazine, May 1926. Collected in Max Carrados Mysteries"The Strange Case of Cyril Bycourt". The New Magazine, June 1926. Collected in Max Carrados Mysteries"The Missing Witness Sensation". Pearson's Magazine, July 1926. Collected in Max Carrados Mysteries"The Holloway Flat Tragedy".The Story-Teller, March 1927. Collected in Max Carrados Mysteries"The Ingenious Mind of Mr Rigby Lacksome". First published in Max Carrados Mysteries"Meet Max Carrados". BBC, 3 May 1935. A profile and commentary by <mask>lind Man's Bluff. (1918).Collected in Bodies from the Library (Ed. Tony Medawar)

Stage Plays by othersIn the Dark (1917) - Gilbert Heron, adapted from The Game Played in the DarkOther fiction
BooksWhat Might Have Beeen (1900).The Mirror of Kong Ho (1905)The Secret of the League: The Story of Social War (1907). Revised version of What Might Have BeenThe Transmutation of Ling (1912)The Specimen Case  (1924), which includes a Kai Lung story and a Max Carrados story, The Bunch of VioletsShort Stories of To-day and Yesterday (1929). Includes eleven stories by <mask>A Little Flutter (1930)

Short storiesThe Story of Yung Chang. Chapman's Magazine, October 1896The Story of Kin-Yen, the Picture-Maker. Crampton's Magazine, December 1898The Duplicity of Tiao. The Woman at Home, December 1900The Impiety of Yuan Yan.Macmillan's Magazine, February 1904The Dragon of Swafton. The Graphic, Summer 1904While You Wait. The Bystander, December 1905 (a dialogue)The Heart of the Pagan. The Grand Magazine, April 1906The Goose and the Golden Egg. Grand Magazine, February 1907The War Hawks. Pall Mall Magazine, September 1909The Great Hockington Find. Pall Mall Magazine, February 1910TITLE UNKNOWN.Everybody's Magazine, July 1911The Red Splinter. Wickepin Argus, 3 April 1913The Chief Examiner. Methuen's Annual, 1914Wang-Ho and the Burial Robe. The London Mercury, September 1920Lao Ting and the Luminous Insect. The London Mercury, June 1922The Story of Kin Weng and the Miraculous Tusk. The London Mercury, June 1927The Ill-Regulated Destiny of Kin Yeng, the Picture-Maker. A two-part story: (Melbourne) Herald, 1 August 1938

Stage plays adapted by othersKai Lung's Golden Hours (1931) - Allan D MaindsThe Willow Pattern (1937) - Colonel NewtonThe Probation of Sen Heng (1937) - Adaptor unknown

Nonfiction
BooksEnglish Farming and Why I Turned It Up (1894)A Handbook for Writers and Artists: a practical guide for contributors to the press and to literary and artistic publications; by a London editor [i.e.E. B. Smith]. London: Charles William Deacon & Co., 1897A Guide to the Varieties and Rarity of English Regal Copper Coins, Charles II-Victoria, 1671–1860 (1929)

References

External links

 <mask> website (ErnestBramah.com) – unofficial
"<mask>: Crime and Chinoiserie" (Million'' magazine, 1991) at Ansible.uk

English crime fiction writers
English fantasy writers
English science fiction writers
English short story writers
People educated at Manchester Grammar School
People from Hulme
Victorian writers
1868 births
1942 deaths
19th-century British short story writers
19th-century English non-fiction writers
20th-century English novelists

masks:
Ernest Bramah
Ernest Brammah Smith
Bramah
Bramah
Ernest Bramah Smith
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
Bramah
BramahB
Bramah
Ernest Bramah
Ernest Bramah


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Benjamin Joseph Levin (born March 8, 1988), known professionally as <mask> (stylized in all lowercase), is an American record producer, DJ, songwriter and record executive. He is the recipient of the 2013 Hal David Starlight Award from the Songwriters Hall of Fame. He is also a five-time BMI Songwriter of the Year award winner and 2017 iHeartRadio Producer of the Year award winner. <mask> was initially mentored by songwriter and producer Dr. Luke, who signed <mask> to his production company Kasz Money Productions. While under his tutelage, <mask> co-produced and co-wrote a multitude of hit singles in the late 2000s and thereafter. <mask> has contributed to the sale of over 500 million albums worldwide through his work with artists including Ed Sheeran, Justin Bieber, Halsey, Katy Perry, Maroon 5, Kesha, Britney Spears, Rihanna, Sia, The Weeknd, Avicii, Selena Gomez, Adam Lambert, Charlie Puth, Keith Urban, Tory Lanez, Wiz Khalifa, Kanye West, J Balvin, and Juice Wrld. In July 2018, <mask> released his debut single as a lead artist, "Eastside" a collaboration with singer-songwriters Halsey and Khalid.The song peaked at number nine on the Billboard Hot 100, marking <mask>'s first top ten song credited as an artist and his 27th top ten song as a writer, a sum that includes seven number ones. "Eastside" was also a global success, topping the charts in New Zealand, the Republic of Ireland, Singapore, and the United Kingdom, and peaking within the top ten of the charts in several other countries, including Australia, Canada, Denmark, and Norway. "Eastside" was followed by "I Found You" with Calvin Harris, "Better to Lie" with Jesse and Swae Lee, and two songs with Juice Wrld, "Roses" (also with Brendon Urie), and  "Graduation", then he released his debut album later in 2018. A deluxe version of his debut album was released in March 2021 and certified RIAA platinum on release day. Levin is also the founder of two labels in collaboration with Interscope Records, Mad Love Records and Friends Keep Secrets. Life and career

Career beginnings
<mask>, who is Jewish and a native of Northern Virginia, began producing hip-hop instrumentals in his bedroom and recording his own vocals on top of them. His first serious exposure to music came in 1994, when he was 6 years old with Nas' "The World Is Yours" and All-4-One's "I Swear" on cassette tapes, which influenced his early productions.After early experiments with beat making and recording himself on his boombox, <mask>'s rapping earned the attention of The Source and executives at Columbia Records. He attended Camp Airy for many years of his childhood in Thurmont, Maryland. <mask> eventually secured an apprenticeship with producer Disco D after multiple trips to New York City from his home in Virginia to meet with labels and producers. 2007–present
<mask> was mentored for several years by songwriter and producer Dr. Luke, who signed <mask> to his production company Kasz Money Productions. While under Dr. Luke's tutelage, <mask> co-produced and co-wrote many songs, including hits such as Katy Perry's "Teenage Dream", Kesha's "TiK ToK", and Taio Cruz's "Dynamite". In 2008, he took part in writing and producing Britney Spears' "Circus" (with Dr. Luke, and Claude Kelly). The song reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100 and number one on American pop radio and is her second best-selling digital song in the United States, having sold over 3.2 million downloads as of July 2016.On a global scale, "Circus" was one of the top 10 best selling songs of 2009 with 5.5 million digital copies sold that year across the world, according to the IFPI. In 2011, <mask> wrote and produced his first charting hits without Dr. Luke, among them Maroon 5's "Moves Like Jagger", Gym Class Heroes' "Stereo Hearts" and 3OH!3's "Don't Trust Me". The same year, <mask> went on to work on Maroon 5's Platinum-selling album Overexposed and its lead single "Payphone" featuring Wiz Khalifa. On June 13, 2013, <mask> was presented with the Hal David Starlight Award at the 44th Annual Songwriters Hall of Fame ceremony, an honor awarded to young artists who have already made an impression on the music industry. In his acceptance speech, he joked, "They picked the wrong person, I'm in a room with people I should probably be serving food to." In the years since, <mask> has amassed 29 total number-one songs and is recognized for his achievements with artists including Ed Sheeran, Justin Bieber, The Weeknd, Selena Gomez, Ariana Grande, Britney Spears, Lana Del Rey, Miguel, Halsey, and Camila Cabello. <mask> was named Producer of the Year at the 2017 iHeartRadio Music Awards.Artist projects
In 2007, <mask> teamed up with Baltimore rapper Spank Rock to release Spank Rock and <mask> Are...Bangers & Cash, a collaborative EP for both artists based on 2 Live Crew samples that caught the attention of many in the industry and sparked connections to future collaborators Amanda Blank and Santigold. The EP received acclaim from the likes of Rolling Stone, Pitchfork and more. In July 2018, <mask> released his debut song as a standalone solo artist, "Eastside" featuring Halsey and Khalid, on his own label Friends Keep Secrets with Interscope Records. The song peaked at number nine on the Billboard Hot 100, and was also a global success, topping the charts in New Zealand, the Republic of Ireland, Singapore, and the United Kingdom, and peaking within the top ten of the charts in several other countries, including Australia, Canada, Denmark, and Norway. Later in 2018, he released his second, third, and fourth singles: "I Found You" with Calvin Harris, "Better to Lie" with Jesse and Swae Lee, and "Roses" with Juice Wrld featuring Brendon Urie, respectively. His debut album Friends Keep Secrets was released on December 7, 2018. In January 2019, <mask> released "I Found You / Nilda's Story" with Calvin Harris and Miguel in conjunction with the launch of The While They Wait Fund to benefit asylum seekers in the United States, an initiative by Brooklyn Defender Services, Refugee and Immigrant Center for Education and Legal Services and American Civil Liberties Union.The song debuted with a video directed by Jake Schreier highlighting the story of one Honduran woman, Nilda, and her two-year-old son Keyden. In February 2019, <mask> released "I Can't Get Enough" with Tainy, Selena Gomez, and J Balvin. On August 30, 2019, <mask> released a song with Juice Wrld called "Graduation", their second collaboration after "Roses". In October 2020, <mask> released his first artist collaboration with Justin Bieber titled "Lonely". The second and third singles ("Real Shit" with Juice WRLD and "Unlearn" with Gracie Abrams) followed in December 2020 and March 2021, respectively. A deluxe version of his album FRIENDS KEEP SECRETS 2 was released on March 26, 2021, and was certified RIAA platinum on the day of release. Media
On March 9, 2020, <mask> and acclaimed chef Matty Matheson debuted a new collaborative cooking show, Matty and <mask> Eat Out America, on <mask>'s YouTube channel.The first episode featured a behind-the-scenes visit to fellow YouTuber Kenny Beats's show "The Cave" where <mask> teaches Matty to rap. Additional episodes included Lil Dicky, Mason Ramsey, Diplo, Laird Hamilton and more. On April 16, 2020, <mask> made his TV debut playing a fictionalized version of himself on the first and second seasons of the FXX series Dave with Lil Dicky. On March 31, 2021, <mask> and chef Matty Matheson debuted a new cooking show on <mask>'s YouTube channel, called "Stupid F*cking Cooking Show". Record labels
In 2014, <mask> founded two imprint labels under Interscope, Mad Love Records and Friends Keep Secrets. Mad Love's releases to date include the following artists, with many of them having been initially signed to <mask>'s development imprint Friends Keep Secrets:

 Tory Lanez (former)
 Cashmere Cat
 Trill Sammy
 6dogs (former; deceased)
Ryn Weaver
 Jessie Ware

Discography

Albums

Reissues

Singles

Notes

Songwriting and production discography

<mask> has written and produced songs for artists including Ed Sheeran ("Don't" and "Castle on the Hill"), Justin Bieber ("Love Yourself"), Major Lazer ("Cold Water"), Maroon 5 ("Moves Like Jagger", "Don't Wanna Know", "Payphone", "Maps", "Animals"), Katy Perry ("Teenage Dream", "California Gurls"), Rihanna ("Diamonds"), Kesha ("TiK ToK"), Taio Cruz ("Dynamite"), Wiz Khalifa ("Work Hard, Play Hard"), Gym Class Heroes ("Stereo Hearts"), Lil Dicky ("Freaky Friday"), Tory Lanez ("Luv"). Awards and nominations

BMI Awards

|-
| 2011
| Benny Blanco
| Songwriter of the Year
|
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2012
| Benny <mask>
| Songwriter of the Year
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| "Moves like Jagger" (Maroon 5)
| Most Performed Pop Song
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| 2013
| Benny <mask>
| Urban Songwriter of the Year
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|-
| 2014
| Benny <mask>
| Songwriter of the Year
|
|}

CLIO Awards

|-
| 2019
| "I Found You / Nilda's Story" (benny blanco, Calvin Harris, Miguel)
| Gold
|
|}

Golden Globe Awards

|-
| 2016
| "Faith" (Stevie Wonder ft. Ariana Grande)
| Best Original Song
|
|}

Grammy Awards

!

masks:
Benny Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Benny Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
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Blanco
Blanco
Benny
Benny
Benny
Blanco
Blanco
Benny
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco
Blanco


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<mask> (born 10 July 1961 in Manchester) is an English radio DJ, alternative rock critic, musician, and former music businessman. He currently presents on BBC Radio 6 Music. Formerly a member of the Fall, he co-owned a record label, In-Tape, and also worked as a record plugger for bands such as Massive Attack, Pixies, Cocteau Twins and Happy Mondays. <mask> has worked in radio since about 1991; for 14 years of that he worked with Mark Radcliffe on BBC Radio 5 and BBC Radio 1, during which time he was known as Lard. He joined 6 Music in April 2004. Musical career
Born and raised in Manchester, <mask> was in a band at school called the Sirens with Craig Scanlon and Steve Hanley (both of whom were later members of the Fall). <mask> was an early fan of the Fall, and worked for the group as a roadie.He was added to the line-up, playing bass, in May 1978. <mask>'s recording debut was the Fall's second single, "It's the New Thing", and their debut album Live at the Witch Trials. <mask> switched to guitar and keyboards in 1979 and held this position with the Fall, until he fell out with Mark E. Smith in 1982, during the group's first tour of Australia and New Zealand. <mask> was sacked by Smith – according to Smith this occurred on <mask>'s wedding day. <mask> was actually married on Christmas Eve 1982 and remained in the Fall until January 1983, when Smith met <mask> in the Old Garratt pub, Princess Street, and told him that the group was undertaking a European tour without him and should it not work out he would be asked back. <mask> is quoted as saying "Joining The Fall was the second best thing that ever happened to me in my working life. The best thing was getting kicked out".Later in 1983, <mask> began to record under the name <mask> with The Creepers (later The Creepers). Steve Hanley, Paul Hanley and Craig Scanlon, while remaining members of the Fall, played on <mask>'s first solo single, "Favourite Sister". <mask> released several albums during the following years. Animosity between Smith and <mask> continued to influence both bands' material. This included the Fall's "Hey Marc Riley" (a rewritten version of Bo Diddley's "Hey Bo Diddley"), which has only been available on live bootlegs. <mask> responded in kind with his 1983 single "Jumper Clown" – a reference to Smith's then affection for 1970s jumpers – as well as "Snipe" on the 1985 EP Shadow Figure and his own rewrite of a Bo Diddley song: "<mask> is a Gunslinger". <mask> co-owned the In-Tape label with Jim Khambatta, until it went bust in 1991, managing the label between 1983 and 1986.Between 1986 and 1989, <mask> drew and wrote the comic strips Harry the Head and Doctor Mooney for the comic Oink!, as well as recording a flexidisc single for the comic as a giveaway. The Creepers disbanded in 1987. <mask> then formed a band that included ex-members of Pere Ubu, The Magic Band and The Mekons called the Lost Soul Crusaders (named after a fictional group in an episode of the detective series 'Columbo' whose lead singer was played by one of <mask>'s heroes, Johnny Cash). However, the record company funding the band went bankrupt before any material could be recorded. In 1988, <mask> co-produced (with Jon Langford) a Johnny Cash tribute album, Til Things are Brighter, to raise funds for the Terrence Higgins Trust. Radio career
<mask> is perhaps best known as one half of the duo Mark and Lard with fellow DJ Mark Radcliffe, who together presented "Hit the North" on BBC Radio 5 (at the time a children's, comedy, and drama network). During this period <mask> also presented a programme on Radio 5 called Cult Radio, and wrote and produced a BBC Radio 1 series presented by Noddy Holder called Glitter and Twisted.Mark and Lard moved to Radio 1's 10 pm slot in 1993, followed by an unsuccessful move to the breakfast show in February 1997, and finally to the 1 pm to 3 pm slot in October that year. Their final show on the station was in March 2004. After leaving Radio 1, the duo cordially went their separate ways; <mask> moving to BBC Radio 6 Music and Radcliffe to BBC Radio 2. In 2009 Mark and Lard reformed to front radio adverts for Manchester City in North West England (<mask> is a long-time fan of the club). He currently presents the Sony Radio Academy Award-nominated 7-9pm show, Monday to Thursday on Radio 6 Music. The show features almost daily sessions from artists chosen by <mask> himself. Among the bands championed by <mask> are Metronomy, Field Music, Everything Everything, Wild Beasts, Sweet Baboo and King Creosote and more recently Ty Segall, Unknown Mortal Orchestra and Thee Oh Sees.He previously presented Mint with Rob Hughes on Sunday evenings. Hughes joins <mask>'s current show on Tuesdays (The A to Z series) and Thursdays (The Parallel Universe). February 2015 saw the first episode of All Shook Up, a made-for-iPlayer 'TV' programme featuring live music presented and curated by <mask>. Series 1 is made up of four episodes, all filmed in the University of Salford studio. Episode 1 featured performances from The Wave Pictures, Slug and Lonelady. Episode 2 features Wire, Monotony and Jane Weaver, Episode 3 Teleman, Sara Lowes and Sauna Youth and Episode 4 Jesca Hoop, The Wytches and Richard Dawson. <mask>, together with Rob Hughes, wrote and presented an 'A to Z of Punk and New Wave' on 6 Music, which was then turned into a successful podcast.That was followed by the long-term project 'The A to Z of David Bowie', a commercially available podcast, which was launched on 30 January 2018 and ran for 72 episodes. <mask> and Radcliffe formed the parody group Shirehorses, once appearing at the Glastonbury Festival in 1997 in what they called the headline slot, going on as they did at 10.00am. They also did shows in various parts of the country including three dates supporting Blur. They released two comedy/parody albums under the guise of the Shirehorses: The Worst...Album in the World...Ever...EVER! (which reached number 22 in the UK Albums Chart) and Our Kid Eh, the latter an affectionate parody of Radiohead's album Kid A (which reached number 20). References

External links
 <mask> (BBC Radio 6 Music)

1961 births
Living people
English radio personalities
English bass guitarists
Male bass guitarists
English male guitarists
English male singers
English songwriters
British alternative rock musicians
Musicians from Manchester
English punk rock guitarists
The Fall (band) members
British radio DJs
BBC Radio 6 Music presenters

masks:
Marc Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Marc Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Marc Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
Riley
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Riley
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Marc Riley


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Taylor Michael Rotunda (born May 25, 1990) is an American former professional wrestler. He is best known for his tenure in WWE, where he performed under the ring name <mask>. Rotunda is a third generation professional wrestler; his grandfather Blackjack Mulligan, his father Mike Rotunda and uncles Barry  and Kendall Windham were all professional wrestlers. While in WWE's developmental territories Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW) and NXT, he was a three-time FCW Florida Heavyweight Champion, a two-time FCW Florida Tag Team Champion with his brother, and a one-time NXT Champion. He was promoted to WWE's main roster in 2014, where he won the WWE Raw Tag Team Championship (with Curtis Axel as part of The B-Team) and the WWE 24/7 Championship once. Early life
Rotunda attended Hernando High School, and graduated in 2008. During his final two years of high school, he qualified for the state wrestling championships.He also played football as a defensive tackle. Originally, he was offered a football scholarship at Webber International University in Babson Park, Florida, but when the offer fell through, he decided to become a wrestler instead. Professional wrestling career

World Wrestling Entertainment/WWE

Florida Championship Wrestling (2008–2012)
In 2008, Rotunda signed a developmental contract with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and was assigned to Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), where he debuted on November 15, 2008, by defeating Kaleb O'Neal. On December 16, Rotunda, wrestling under his real name, teamed with Kris Logan to defeat Ryback and Jon Cutler in a tag team match. Throughout early 2009, Rotunda continued wrestling in tag team matches, and changed his name to Tank Rotunda in February. In June, he began wrestling as <mask> and later <mask>, and the following month he began teaming with his brother, Duke Rotundo. At the FCW television tapings on June 23, The Rotundo Brothers defeated The Dude Busters (Caylen Croft and Trent Barretta) to become the number one contenders to the FCW Florida Tag Team Championship.That same night, they defeated Justin Angel and Kris Logan for the FCW Florida Tag Team Championship. They went on to successfully defend the championship against Dylan Klein and Vance Archer and the team of Curt Hawkins and Heath Slater. At the FCW television tapings on November 19, the Rotundos lost the championship to The Dude Busters (Hawkins and Croft). In early 2010, the Rotundos began feuding with The Usos (Jimmy and Jules), and their manager, Sarona Snuka. In April, they moved into a feud with Jackson Andrews and Curt Hawkins, which began when Rotunda faced Andrews in a singles match and won by disqualification when Hawkins interfered. Rotunda was then absent from FCW due to injury, making his return in June. He moved into singles competition, defeating wrestlers including Derrick Bateman, Hawkins, Tyler Reks, and Brodus Clay.In August, FCW Florida Heavyweight Champion Mason Ryan issued an open challenge, which Rotundo accepted. He lost the subsequent championship match by submission. On February 3, 2011, Rotundo defeated Ryan to win the FCW Florida Heavyweight Championship for the first time, but lost the championship to Lucky Cannon immediately afterward. He regained the championship from Cannon three months later, on May 19. In July and August, Rotundo appeared in multiple untelevised matches before Raw and SmackDown. On September 1, Rotundo vacated the FCW Florida Heavyweight Championship due to injury. Later that month, it was reported that Rotundo had suffered a lacerated kidney, and was expected to be absent for several months to recuperate.Rotundo returned at the tapings of the January 29, 2012, episode of FCW television, declaring his intentions to reclaim the FCW Florida Heavyweight Championship. On February 2, Rotundo and his brother, renamed Husky Harris, defeated Brad Maddox and Eli Cottonwood to win the FCW Florida Tag Team Championship for the second time. The brothers held the championship until March 15, when they lost it to Corey Graves and Jake Carter. In May 2012, Rotundo made several appearances at WWE house shows, defeating Drew McIntyre. At an FCW live event on June 16 Rotundo defeated Rick Victor to win the FCW Florida Heavyweight Championship for the third time, right after Victor had just defeated Seth Rollins for the title. He re lost the title to Victor at another FCW live event on July 13, 2012. NXT (2012–2014)
In 2012, WWE rebranded FCW as NXT, Rotunda made his NXT television debut in the June 20 episode of NXT, portraying a happy-go-lucky and resilient character under the ring name <mask>, where he defeated Rick Victor.In August, <mask> competed in a tournament for the newly established NXT Championship; he was eliminated by Jinder Mahal in the quarter-finals. On the November 7 episode of NXT, <mask> competed in a number one contenders fatal four-way elimination match against Mahal, Drew McIntyre, and Justin Gabriel; despite eliminating McIntyre and Gabriel, <mask> succumbed to Mahal. On January 26, 2013, at WWE's Royal Rumble Fanfest, <mask> participated in an eight-man NXT tournament for a place in the Royal Rumble match; he defeated Luke Harper, Conor O'Brian, and Leo Kruger to win the tournament. The next day, <mask> entered the Rumble match at number 16, where he lasted over 20 minutes and eliminated the WWE Intercontinental Champion, Wade Barrett, who returned to the ring and eliminated <mask>. This provoked a brief feud, with Barrett challenging <mask> to a non-title match the next night on Raw, in which <mask> earned an upset victory. On the February 11 episode of Raw, <mask> appeared, attacking Barrett before Barrett's match against Kofi Kingston. <mask> later challenged Barrett for the Intercontinental Championship in a losing effort.Simultaneously with his feud with Barrett, <mask> entered the NXT Tag Team Championship tournament alongside Michael McGillicutty. The pair defeated Primo & Epico to advance to the semi-finals, but lost to the Wyatt Family (Luke Harper and Erick Rowan) due to Bray Wyatt's interference. In an NXT Championship number one contender's three-way match against Conor O'Brian and Corey Graves, <mask> was prevented from winning by Wyatt, due to <mask>'s earlier refusal to join The Wyatt Family. This resulted in a match between <mask> and Wyatt, which <mask> won. Starting in late April 2013, the NXT audience began to turn against <mask> (despite <mask> not changing his character) and started booing him. NXT Tag Team Champion Adrian Neville chose <mask> to replace his injured partner, Oliver Grey, but on May 8, they lost the title to The Wyatt Family. Soon after, <mask>'s character began showing subtle villainous traits of being disingenuous.On the May 29 episode of NXT, <mask> won a battle royal to become the number one contender to the NXT Championship. On the June 12 NXT (taped on May 23), <mask> defeated Big E Langston to win the title. He successfully defended the championship against Antonio Cesaro and Leo Kruger during mid-2013. By then, the NXT audience's dislike of <mask> had grown to the point of the crowd literally turning their backs on him while cheering all his opponents, regardless of who he faced, thus turning him heel in the process. In September, <mask> held an open challenge to determine his next title contender but banned Sami Zayn from competing, so Zayn masqueraded as the masked El Local and defeated <mask> to earn his title shot. The match occurred on the October 16 episode of NXT, and <mask> retained his title by sending Zayn into an exposed turnbuckle. <mask> then faced Adrian Neville in December and lost by countout to retain his title.In a rematch at NXT Arrival in February 2014, <mask> lost the title to Neville, and failed to regain it in a rematch on NXT on March 27. The following month, <mask> attempted to "Occupy NXT", but the crowd turned their backs on him, and he was forced into a match against Justin Gabriel, which he won. Beginning to throw tantrums after failing to get his own way, he was put in a match against Big E on May 22. <mask> subsequently lost the match and was forced to leave NXT as a result. In June, he attempted to return to NXT by appearing as the masked character "Mr. NXT", but was exposed by Zayn and forced to leave. <mask>lieve (2014–2016)

On the April 7 episode of Raw, WWE started airing motivational-style introductory vignettes for <mask>. On the May 23 episode of SmackDown, <mask> made his official main roster debut by defeating Sin Cara.This was the start of a winning streak, which reached a third victory with the defeat of Xavier Woods on the May 30 episode of SmackDown. <mask> made his first pay-per-view appearance at Payback, where he was scheduled to face Kofi Kingston. The match never happened due to interference from Kane. <mask> would defeat Kingston the following night on Raw for his fourth victory. <mask> continued his streak with wins over Santino Marella, Xavier Woods, R-Truth, Fandango and Titus O'Neil. <mask> attacked El Torito after his eleventh victory over Diego on the July 4 episode of SmackDown. He would go on to defeat El Torito for his twelfth victory and then defeated both Diego and Torito in a handicap match as his thirteenth and fourteenth victories.WWE released a video of <mask> highlighting the "14-<mask>" streak he acknowledged. He continued his streak against The Great Khali, Damien Sandow, and Dolph Ziggler. At Battleground, <mask> participated in the 19-man battle royal for the vacant Intercontinental Championship; he managed to eliminate Sin Cara and Titus O'Neil before being the 16th person eliminated by Dolph Ziggler. <mask>'s undefeated streak was ended by R-Truth on the July 28 episode of Raw, prompting a small feud between the two. In late August, <mask> began tormenting Jack Swagger about his loss to Rusev at SummerSlam after Swagger's matches. <mask> began feuding with Mark Henry after defeating him on the September 29 episode of Raw, tormenting him like he did Swagger following Henry's losses to Rusev at Night of Champions. On the October 7 episode of Main Event, <mask> unsuccessfully challenged Dolph Ziggler for the Intercontinental Championship.<mask> then scored three wins over Henry in both singles and tag team matches, before being quickly defeated by Henry in a match on the Hell in a Cell pre-show, ending their feud. After a four-month absence due to a foot injury, <mask> made his televised return on the WrestleMania 31 pre-show in March 2015, competing in the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal, where he was eliminated by Hideo Itami. The next night on Raw, <mask> came out and interrupted Sting, telling him to <mask>-lieve before receiving a Scorpion Death drop. On the May 18 episode of Raw, <mask> reignited his rivalry with Neville, attacking him before and after his match with King Barrett. At Elimination Chamber, <mask> faced Neville in a losing effort. On the August 24 episode of Raw, <mask> interrupted Brock Lesnar and brought up Lesnar's loss to The Undertaker at SummerSlam, before Lesnar attacked him. On the Survivor Series pre-show, <mask> competed in a five-on-five traditional Survivor Series elimination tag team match where <mask>, The Cosmic Wasteland (Stardust, Konnor and Viktor) and The Miz lost to Goldust, The Dudley Boyz (Bubba Ray Dudley and D-Von Dudley, Neville and Titus O'Neil.At Tribute to the Troops, <mask>, dressed as Uncle Sam, lost to Mark Henry. The Social Outcasts (2016–2017)

On the January 4, 2016 episode of Raw, <mask>, along with Heath Slater, Curtis Axel and Adam Rose, debuted as a new stable and went on to assist Slater in defeating Dolph Ziggler, calling themselves "Social Outcasts". They would remain as a stable for seven months, including all of them competing in the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal at WrestleMania 32, which was won by Baron Corbin. In May, The Social Outcasts began filming The Marine 5: Battleground, taking them out of action. On July 19 at the 2016 WWE draft, <mask> was drafted to Raw in the 10th round (50th overall). <mask> then returned on the September 5 episode of Raw, carrying a sign saying "Bo-lieve in Bo", speaking in rhymes and displaying a more vicious style as he defeated a local competitor. <mask> would continue defeating local competitors the following weeks.On the October 10 episode of Raw, <mask> teamed with Curtis Axel in a losing effort to Sami Zayn and Neville. The following week on Raw, <mask> defeated Neville with Axel in his corner, and after the match, attacked Axel. The following week, <mask> defeated Axel by pinning him while grabbing Axel's tights. On April 2, 2017, at WrestleMania 33, <mask> was part of the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal, from which he was eliminated by the eventual winner Mojo Rawley. The Miztourage and The B-Team (2017–2019)

On the June 19 episode of Raw, Intercontinental Champion The Miz approached <mask> and Curtis Axel, offering to make them "the stars [they] deserve to be" if they become his entourage, and later that night, <mask> and Axel appeared in bear costumes during a in ring segment between Miz and his wife Maryse, attacking Dean Ambrose. <mask> and Axel, now dubbed The Miztourage, began helping Miz in his matches and occasionally teamed him with him, including winning efforts against Dean Ambrose, Heath Slater and Rhyno on June 26 episode of Raw and Jason Jordan and The Hardy Boyz (Jeff Hardy and Matt Hardy) at SummerSlam. At No Mercy, they also helped Miz to defeat Jason Jordan to retain his title.At WrestleMania 34 on April 8, 2018, <mask> participated in the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal, but he failed to win. As part of the Superstar Shake-Up, Miz was moved to the SmackDown brand, while <mask> and Axel remained on Raw. On the April 16 episode of Raw, during a tag team match, <mask> and Axel turned on Miz, ending their alliance. On the May 14 episode of Raw, the duo adopted the new team name "The B-Team" and defeated Breezango (Tyler Breeze and Fandango), their first win as a team since August 2017. On the June 4 episode of Raw, The B-Team won a tag team battle royal to determine the number one contenders for the Raw Tag Team Championships. At Extreme Rules, The B-Team defeated Bray Wyatt and Matt Hardy to win the Raw Tag Team Championship. On the July 23 episode of Raw, they successfully retained their title against Wyatt and Hardy.In the following weeks, The B-Team transitioned into faces and adopted a new entrance theme and mannerisms, this would be <mask>' first time as a face since 2013. At SummerSlam on August 19, The B-Team successfully retained their title against The Revival (Dash Wilder and Scott Dawson). On the September 3 episode of Raw, The B-Team lost the championships to Dolph Ziggler and Drew McIntyre, ending their reign at 50 days. The following week on Raw, they received a rematch for the titles, but they were unsuccessful. At Survivor Series, The B-Team made up part of Team Raw as they took on Team SmackDown in a  10-on-10 Survivor Series tag team elimination match, and Team Raw would go on to lose the match. At WrestleMania 35 on April 7, 2019, <mask> competed in the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal but failed to win the match. As part of the Superstar Shake-up, both <mask> and Axel were moved to the SmackDown brand.On the April 30 episode of SmackDown Live, The B-Team formed a brief alliance with Shane McMahon, thus turning heel once again. On the September 3 episode of SmackDown, <mask> became the WWE 24/7 Champion by pinning Drake Maverick on the backstage area thanks to the help of Axel, only to lose it to Maverick again some minutes later. <mask>’ final match was in December 2019, when he defeated Drake Maverick. Neck injury and departure from WWE (2020-2021)

In January 2020, Rotunda asked WWE for time off, which was granted. He also suffered a neck injury which prevented him from working in the ring. On April 30, 2020, his tag team partner Curtis Axel was released by WWE. Rotunda was released almost one year later, on April 15, 2021, after over a year of absence, ending his 13-year tenure with the company.Other media
<mask> made his video game debut as a playable character in WWE 2K15, and has since appeared in WWE 2K16, WWE 2K17, WWE 2K18, WWE 2K19, WWE 2K20 and WWE 2K Battlegrounds. He also appears in the mobile game WWE SuperCard. Legal issues
On February 19, 2012, Rotunda was arrested for driving under the influence in Tampa, Florida, with blood-alcohol levels of 0.166 and 0.178 according to two breathalyser tests, above the legal limit of 0.08. He was released later that day on a $500 bond. In August 2016, Rotunda was arrested for public intoxication in Dallas, Texas after being ejected from a flight from Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport to Mexico City. Personal life
Rotunda's father is wrestler Mike Rotunda and his grandfather was wrestler Blackjack Mulligan, the latter being a member of the WWE Hall of Fame. His uncle is wrestler Barry Windham.Rotunda was married to Swedish arm wrestling champion Sarah Bäckman from 2014 until their divorce in 2019. In February 2021, it was revealed that he was in a relationship with fellow wrestler Liv Morgan, with the two living on a farm and starting a real estate business to prepare for life after professional wrestling. Filmography

Championships and accomplishments
 Florida Championship Wrestling
 FCW Florida Heavyweight Championship (3 times)
 FCW Florida Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Duke Rotundo/Husky Harris
 Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 Ranked No. 73 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2014
WWE
WWE Raw Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Curtis Axel
 WWE 24/7 Championship (1 time)
NXT Championship (1 time)
Royal Rumble Entry Tournament (2013)

References

External links

1990 births
American male professional wrestlers
American professional wrestlers of Italian descent
Living people
NXT Champions
People from Brooksville, Florida
Professional wrestlers from Florida
WWE 24/7 Champions

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<mask> (; ; 10 May 1903 – 5 February 1993) was a German-born American Jewish philosopher, from 1955 to 1976 the Alvin Johnson Professor of Philosophy at the New School for Social Research in New York City. Biography

<mask> was born in Mönchengladbach, on 10 May 1903. He studied philosophy and theology at the University of Freiburg, the University of Berlin and the University of Heidelberg, and finally earned his Doctorate of Philosophy in 1928 from the University of Marburg with a thesis on Gnosticism entitled Der Begriff der Gnosis (The Concept of Gnosis) and directed by Martin Heidegger. During his study years his academic advisors included Edmund Husserl and Rudolf Bultmann. In Marburg he met Hannah Arendt, who was also pursuing her PhD there, and the two of them were to remain friends for the rest of their lives. When Heidegger joined the Nazi Party in 1933, it may have disturbed <mask>, as he was Jewish and an active Zionist. In 1964 <mask> repudiated his mentor Heidegger for his affiliation with the Nazis.He left Germany for England in 1933, and from England he moved to Palestine in 1934. There he met Lore Weiner, to whom he became betrothed. In 1940 he returned to Europe to join the British Army which had been arranging a special brigade for German Jews wanting to fight against Hitler (see The Jewish Brigade). He was sent to Italy, and in the last phase of the war moved into Germany. Thus, he kept his promise that he would return only as a soldier in the victorious army. In this time he wrote several letters to Lore about philosophy, in particular philosophy of biology, that would form the basis of his later publications on the subject. They finally married in 1943.Immediately after the war he returned to Mönchengladbach to search for his mother but found that she had been sent to the gas chambers in the Auschwitz concentration camp. Having heard this, he refused to live in Germany again. He returned to Palestine and took part in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. <mask> taught briefly at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem before moving to North America. In 1950 he left for Canada, teaching at Carleton University. From there he moved in 1955 to New York City, where he was to live for the rest of his life. He was a fellow of the Hastings Center and Professor of Philosophy at New School for Social Research from 1955 to 1976 (where he was Alvin Johnson Professor).From 1982 to 1983 <mask> held the Eric Voegelin Visiting Professorship at the University of Munich. He died at his home in New Rochelle, New York, on 5 February 1993, aged 89. Philosophical work

<mask>'s writings were very influential in different spheres. For example, The Gnostic Religion, based on his early research on the Gnosis and first published in 1958, was for many years the standard work in English on the subject of Gnosticism. The Imperative of Responsibility (German 1979, English 1984) centers on social and ethical problems created by technology. <mask> insists that human survival depends on our efforts to care for our planet and its future. He formulated a new and distinctive supreme moral imperative: "Act so that the effects of your action are compatible with the permanence of genuine human life".While The Imperative of Responsibility has been credited with catalyzing the environmental movement in Germany, his work The Phenomenon of Life (1966) forms the philosophical undergirding of one major school of bioethics in America. Murray Bookchin and Leon Kass both referred to <mask>'s work as major, or primary, inspiration. Heavily influenced by Martin Heidegger, The Phenomenon of Life attempts to synthesize the philosophy of matter with the philosophy of mind, producing a rich existential understanding of biology, which ultimately argues for a simultaneously material and moral human nature. His writing on the history of Gnosticism revisits terrain covered by earlier standard works on the subject such as Ernesto Buonaiuti's Lo gnosticismo: storia di antiche lotte religiose (1907), interpreting the religion from an existentialist philosophical viewpoint. He was one of the first philosophers to concern himself with ethical questions in biological science. <mask>'s career is generally divided into three periods defined by his three primary works, but in reverse order: studies of gnosticism, studies of philosophical biology, and ethical studies. Works

English books
The Gnostic Religion: The Message of the Alien God & the Beginnings of Christianity (Boston: Beacon Press, 1958)
The Phenomenon of Life: Toward a Philosophical Biology (New York, Harper & Row, 1966) OCLC 373876 (Evanston, Ill. : Northwestern University Press, 2001).The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of Ethics for the Technological Age (translation of Das Prinzip Verantwortung) trans. <mask> and David Herr (1979). (University of Chicago Press, 1984)
Philosophical Essays: From Ancient Creed to Technological Man (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974)
"Technology and Responsibility: Reflections on the New Tasks of Ethics," Social Research 15 (Spring 1973). "Jewish and Christian Elements in Philosophy: their Share in the Emergence of the Modern Mind"
"Seventeenth Century and After: The Meaning of the Scientific and Technological Revolution"
"Socioeconomic Knowledge and Ignorance of Goals"
"Philosophical Reflections on Experimenting with Human Subjects"
"Against the Stream: Comments on the Definition and Redefinition of Death"
"Biological Engineering—A Preview"
"Contemporary Problems in Ethics from a Jewish Perspective"
"Biological Foundations of Individuality"
"Spinoza and the Theory of Organism"
"Sight and Thought: A Review of 'Visual Thinking.'" "Change and Permanence: On the Possibility of Understanding History." "The Gnostic Syndrome: Typology of Its Thought, Imagination, and Mood." "The Hymn of the Pearl: Case Study of a Symbol, and the Claims for a Jewish Origin of Gnosticism.""Myth and Mysticism: A Study of Objectification and Interiorization in Religious Thought." "Origen's Metaphysics of Free Will, Fall, and Salvation: a 'Divine Comedy' of the Universe." "The Soul in Gnosticism and Plotinus." "The Abyss of the Will: Philosophical Meditations on the Seventh Chapter of Paul's Epistle to the Romans." Mortality and Morality: A Search for Good After Auschwitz ed. Lawrence Vogel (Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 1996). With Stuart F Spicker: Organism, medicine, and metaphysics : essays in honor of <mask> on his 75th birthday, May 10, 1978
On faith, reason and responsibility (San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1978.New edition: Institute for Antiquity and Christianity, Claremont Graduate School, 1981.) Memoirs (Brandeis University Press, 2008)

English monographs
Immortality and the modern temper : the Ingersoll lecture, 1961 (Cambridge : Harvard Divinity School, 1962) OCLC 26072209 (included in The Phenomenon of Life)
Heidegger and theology (1964) OCLC 14975064 (included in The Phenomenon of Life)
Ethical aspects of experimentation with human subjects (Boston:American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1969) OCLC 19884675. German
Gnosis und spätantiker Geist (1–2, 1934–1954)
Technik, Medizin und Ethik — Zur Praxis des Prinzips Verantwortung — Frankfurt a.M. : Suhrkamp, 1985 —  (On Technology, Medicine and Ethics: On the Practice of the Imperative of Responsibility)
Das Prinzip Verantwortung: Versuch einer Ethik für die technologische Zivilisation (Frankfurt am Main : Insel-Verlag, 1979). Erinnerungen. Nach Gesprächen mit Rachel Salamander, ed. Ch. Wiese.Frankfurt am Mein-Leipzig: Insel Verlag, 2003. Macht oder Ohnmacht der Subjektivität? Das Leib-Seele-Problem im Vorfeld des Prinzips Verantwortung. Frankfurt am Main: Insel, 1981, and then Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1987. Erkenntnis und Verantwortung, Gespräch mit Ingo Hermann in der Reihe "Zeugen des Jahrhunderts", Edited by I. Hermann. Göttingen: Lamuv, 1991. Philosophische Untersuchungen und metaphysische Vermutungen.Frankfurt am Main: Insel, 1992, and then Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1994. Organismus und Freiheit. Ansätze zu einer philosophischen Biologie. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1973. Augustin und das paulinische Freiheitsproblem. Ein philosophischer Beitrag zur Genesis der christlich-abendländischen Freiheitsidee, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1930. Second edition entitled Augustin und das paulinische Freiheitsproblem.Eine philosophische Studie zum pelagianischen Streit, with an introduction by J. M. Robinson. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1965. French
Le concept de Dieu après Auschwitz
Evolution et liberté
Le Principe responsabilité
Le Droit de mourir
With Sabine Cornille and Philippe Ivernel: Pour une éthique du futur
Une éthique pour la nature
With Sylvie Courtine-Denamy: Entre le néant et l'éternité

Selected papers
 "The Right to Die." Hastings Center Report 8, number 4 (1978): 31–36. "Straddling the Boundaries of Theory and Practice: Recombinant DNA Research as a Case of Action in the Process of Inquiry." In Recombinant DNA: Science, Ethics and Politics, edited by J. Richards, 253–71. New York: Academic Press, 1978."Toward a Philosophy of Technology." Hastings Center Report 9 (1979): 34–43. "The Heuristics of Fear." In Ethics in an Age of Pervasive Technology, edited by Melvin Kranzberg, 213–21. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1980. "Parallelism and Complementarity: The Psycho-Physical Problem in Spinoza and in the Succession of Niels Bohr." In The Philosophy of Baruch Spinoza, edited by Richard Kennington, 121–30.Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of the Americas Press, 1980. "Reflections on Technology, Progress and Utopia." Social Research 48 (1981): 411–55. "Technology as a Subject for Ethics." Social Research 49 (1982): 891–98. "Is Faith Still Possible? Memories of Rudolf Bultmann and Reflections on the Philosophical Aspects of His Work."Harvard Theological Review 75 (1982): 1–23. "Ontological Grounding of a Political Ethics: On the Metaphysics of Commitment to the Future of Man." Graduate Faculty Philosophical Journal 10, no. 1 (1984): 47–62. "Ethics and Biogenetic Art." Social Research 52 (1985): 491–504. "The Concept of God after Auschwitz: A Jewish Voice."Journal of Religion 67, number 1 (1987): 1–13. "The Consumer's Responsibility." In Ecology and Ethics. A Report from the Melbu conference, 18–23 July 1990, edited by Audun 0fsti, 215–18. Trondheim: Nordland Akademi for Kunst og Vitenskap, 1992. "The Burden and Blessing of Mortality." Hastings Center Report 22, no.1 (1992): 34–40. "Philosophy at the End of the Century: A Survey of Its Past and Future." Social Research 61, number 4 (1994): 812–32. "Wissenschaft as Personal Experience [brief memoir]," The Hastings Center report 32:4 (Jul–Aug 2002): 27–35
 "Materialism and the Theory of Organism." University of Toronto Quarterly, 21, 1 (1951): 39–52. Other papers
 "Causality and Perception," The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 47, No.11 (May 25, 1950), pp. 319–324
 "The Nobility of Sight," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Vol. 14, No. 4 (Jun., 1954), pp. 507–519. (also in The Phenomenon of Life)
 "Immortality and the Modern Temper: The Ingersoll Lecture, 1961" The Harvard Theological Review, volume 55, number 1 (January 1962), pp. 1–20.(also in The Phenomenon of Life)
 "The Secret Books of the Egyptian Gnostics," The Journal of Religion, Vol. 42, No. 4 (Oct., 1962), pp. 262–273. "Myth and Mysticism: A Study of Objectification and Interiorization in Religious Thought," The Journal of Religion, Vol. 49, No. 4 (October 1969), pp.315–329
 "Freedom of Scientific Inquiry and the Public Interest," The Hastings Center Report, volume 6, number 4 (August 1976), pp. 15–17. See also
 Natural environment
 Environmental movement
 Ethics of technology
 Noocracy
 Jewish philosophy

References

Further reading
 <mask>, "Wissenschaft as Personal Experience [brief memoir]," The Hastings Center report 32:4 (Jul–Aug 2002): 27–35
 Levy, David J. <mask>: The Integrity of Life. University of Missouri Press, 2002. Scodel, Harvey. "An interview with Professor <mask>," Social Research Summer 2003. Troster, Lawrence."<mask> and the Concept of God after the Holocaust," Conservative Judaism (volume 55:4, Summer 2003)
 Strachan Donnelley "<mask>, 1903–1993 [Obituary]," The Hastings Center Report 23:2 (March–April 1993), p. 12. Eric Pace: "<mask>, Influential Philosopher, Is Dead at 89," New York Times (February 6, 1993)
 David Kaufmann: "One of Most Relevant Thinkers You’ve Never Heard Of," Forward (17 October 2007)
 Stuart F. Spicker, ed. Organism, Medicine and Metaphysics. Essays in Honor of <mask>. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1978. Strachan Donnelley (editor), "The Legacy of <mask>," special issue of The Hastings Center Report 25:7 (November–December 1995). Leon R. Kass, "Appreciating The Phenomenon of Life," p. 3.Richard J. Bernstein, "Rethinking Responsibility," p. 13. Strachan Donnelley, "Bioethical Troubles: Animal Individuals and Human Organisms," p. 21. Lawrence Vogel, "Does Environmental Ethics Need a Metaphysical Grounding? ", p. 30. Christian Schütze, "The Political and Intellectual <mask>," p. 40. "Not Compassion Alone: On Euthanasia and Ethics" (interview with <mask>), p. 44. Hava Tirosh-Samuelson and Christian Wiese, eds., The Legacy of <mask>: Judaism and the Phenomenon of Life (Brill, 2008)., Table of contents. Michael Schwartz and Osborne Wiggins, "Psychosomatic Medicine and the Philosophy of Life." Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2010, 5:2 (21 January 2010). http://www.peh-med.com/content/5/1/2
 Wiese, Christian. The Life and Thought of <mask>: Jewish Dimensions. Brandeis, 2010. External links

 Hans-Jonas-Center Berlin

1903 births
1993 deaths
20th-century German philosophers
Bioethicists
Carleton University faculty
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Continental philosophers
Philosophers of technology
Existentialists
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to Mandatory Palestine
German ethicists
Green thinkers
Historians of Gnosticism
Jewish existentialists
Writers from New Rochelle, New York
People from Mönchengladbach
The New School faculty
University of Marburg alumni
20th-century historians
German male writers
Mandatory Palestine military personnel of World War II
20th-century male writers
Jewish Brigade personnel
Jewish ethicists
Environmental ethicists
Scholars of Mandaeism

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