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Bernard L<mask> (born December 8, 1938) is an American musician and soundscape ecologist. In 1968, he founded Wild Sanctuary, an organization dedicated to the recording and archiving of natural soundscapes. Krause is an author, a bio-acoustician, a speaker, and natural sound artist who coined the terms geophony, biophony, and anthropophony. Biography
<mask> was born in Detroit, Michigan. From 1957, he worked as a recording engineer and producer in Ann Arbor while an undergraduate student. Krause joined The Weavers in 1963, occupying the tenor position originated by co-founder Pete Seeger until they disbanded in early 1964. Electronic music
Krause moved to the San Francisco Bay Area to study electronic music at Mills College.During this period Krause met Paul Beaver and together they formed Beaver & Krause. They also served as the Moog company's sales representatives on the U.S. West Coast. As such, they were able to exploit the growing fascination in the new synthesizer sounds among rock and pop musicians, an interest that was partly influenced by these artists' consumption of hallucinogenic drugs, and the increasingly generous advances they received from their record companies. In June 1967, Beaver & Krause set up a stall at the Monterey Pop Festival, where they introduced the Moog III to the musicians and attendees at the festival. The team played Moog synthesizer on the Monkees' song "Star Collector" (1967), one of the first pop group recordings to feature synthesizer. In 1967 they released The Nonesuch Guide to Electronic Music. It was the first West Coast recording to utilize Dolby A301 (without meters) noise reduction as an inherent part of their production.Beaver & Krause, individually or as a team, went on to sell Moog IIIs to musicians and perform on their recordings with the instrument. In November 1968 Krause was asked by George Harrison to demonstrate the synthesizer after performing on a session for Apple artist Jackie Lomax in Los Angeles. According to Krause, without his knowledge, permission, or compensation, Harrison made a recording of the demonstration and issued an unauthorized version as "No Time Or Space" on his Electronic Sound album the following year. Because of their studio work in Hollywood, New York City, and London, Beaver & Krause are credited with helping to introduce the synthesizer to pop music and film. Soundscape recording
Since 1979, Krause has concentrated on the recording and archiving of wild natural soundscapes from around the world. These recordings – works of art and science commissioned primarily by museums, aquaria, and zoos for their dioramas and sound installations worldwide – have been mixed into ambient tracks for numerous feature films, and downloadable field recording albums from the world's rare habitats. In 1985 Krause, with colleague, Diana Reiss, helped lure Humphrey the Whale, a migrating female humpback that had wandered into Sacramento River Delta and apparently got lost, back to the Pacific Ocean.As scientific co-directors of the operation, they used recordings of humpbacks feeding, recorded by two graduate students from the University of Hawaii, recordings that Krause modified to eliminate extraneous noise and add different characteristics to the audio tracks so that the whale would not habituate to the one audio short example that was provided by the students' graduate professor. Krause's 1988 CD album, Gorillas in the Mix (Rykodisc), is composed entirely from sampled animal sounds, played from sampling keyboards. Working in the field of soundscape ecology, a sub-category of ecoacoustics, Krause introduced a number of terms and concepts into the discipline to further define the sources of sound within the soundscape. They include geophony, the first sounds heard on earth consisting of non-biological natural sounds such as the effect of wind in trees or grasses, waves at the ocean or lakeshore, or movement of the earth. The second acoustic source is called biophony, the collective signature produced at one time by all sound-producing organisms in a given habitat. The third, and last of these elements is referred to as anthropophony, or human-generated acoustic signatures. In the final category, some sources represent controlled sound, such as music, theatre, or language.While a large percentage consists of incoherent or chaotic sound, referred to as noise. The first and last terms were implemented along with his late colleague, Stuart Gage, Professor Emeritus, Michigan State University. <mask> was invited to present a TED Global talk at the 2013 Edinburgh conference and the keynote talk at the first conference of the International Society of Ecoacoustics (ISE), a worldwide organization, meeting in Paris in June, 2014. In July 2014, the Cheltenham Music Festival premiered "The Great Animal Orchestra: Symphony for Orchestra and Wild Soundscapes," a collaboration with friend and colleague, Richard Blackford, former Balliol College Oxford Composer-in-Residence. Performed by the BBC National Orchestra of Wales and conducted by Martyn Brabbins, the theme is based on Krause's 2012 book of the same title. The work integrates natural soundscapes into the orchestral textures of a major symphonic piece. The symphony was recorded and released on CD by Nimbus Records in September 2014.On April 3, 2015, Krause and Blackford premiered the score for their first ballet, "Biophony", performed by Alonzo King LINES Ballet at the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts in San Francisco. His most recent two books, published by Yale University Press, are titled Voices of the Wild: Animal Songs, Human Din, and the Call to Save Natural Soundscapes, and "Wild Soundscapes: Discovering the Voice of the Natural World". In September, 2021, "The Power of Tranquility in a Very Noisy World,"

On July 1, 2016, the Fondation Cartier pour l'art contemporain in Paris opened the first major natural soundscape exhibit in a contemporary art museum. Based on his book, "The Great Animal Orchestra," the sound sculpture serves as an early retrospective of <mask>'s work and includes many examples of his collection along with supporting graphic and visual media. The visual elements were generated by the London-based organization, United Visual Artists (UVA). The exhibit ran until 7 January 2017 and opened as part of a larger Fondation Cartier collection at the Seoul (S. Korea) Museum of Art in May, 2017.The Great Animal Orchestra art piece has subsequently been shown at Shanghai's Power Station of Art, 2018, and at the 180 The Strand Gallery, London in 2019. It currently runs at the Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, Massachusetts.In May, 2022, the work opens at the 23rd Biennale in Sydney, Australia. Personal life

Krause and his wife, Katherine, live in Sonoma, California. The Krauses' home, with his archives, equipment, and all of their personal possessions were destroyed in a wildfire on 11 October 2017. His audio recordings, though, were backed up off-site. Audio Eng. Soc., Vol. 56, No.1/2, 2008 January/February
 The Great Animal Orchestra: Finding the Origins of Music in the World's Wild Places, Little Brown, published March 2012 (). "Voices of the Wild: Animal Songs, Human Din, and the Call to Save Natural Soundscapes," (Yale University Press, 2015, )
 "Soundscape Ecology: The Science of Sound in the Landscape," Bryan C. Pijanowski, Luis J. Villanueva-Rivera, Sarah L. Dumyahn, Almo Farina, <mask><mask>, Brian M. Napoletano, Stuart H. Gage, and Nadia Pieretti, www.biosciencemag.org March 2011 / Vol. 61 No. 3 BioScience, 203-216, (ISSN 0006-3568 print, ISSN 1525-3244 online)
 <mask>, <mask>, Gage, Stuart H., Joo Wooyeong, "Measuring and interpreting the temporal variability in the soundscape at four places in Sequoia National Park," Landscape Ecology, ISSN 0921-2973, Landscape Ecol, DOI 10.1007/s10980-011-9639-6
 <mask>, <mask>, "Bioacoustics: Habitat ambience and ecological balance," (Whole Earth Review, No. 57, Winter, 1987, )

References

External links
 <mask>use biography at Wild Sanctuary

 "The voice of the natural world" (TEDGlobal 2013)
<mask>use Interview for NAMM Oral History Program (2010)
 Krause sound art exhibition, Paris, (2016)

American electronic musicians
American non-fiction environmental writers
Folk musicians from Michigan
Soundscape ecology
The Weavers members
Union Institute & University alumni
University of Michigan alumni
1938 births
Living people
Singers from Detroit
American sound artists

masks:
. Krause
Krause
Krause
Krause
Bernie L
. Krause
Krause
Bernie
Krause
Bernie
Bernie Kra
Bernie Kra


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<mask>  is a Filipino political scientist. He is Full Professor of Political Science and International Studies at De La Salle University (DLSU) where he served as Chair of the Political Science Department (1994–2007); Chair of the International Studies Department (2008–2013); and Dean of the College of Liberal Arts (2013–2017). He continuously aims to bridge theory and practice in academic and other professional endeavors. Aside from teaching and research, he has served as political and policy consultant to government officials, electoral candidates, political parties, national and international organizations. Teehankee specializes in the comparative analysis and development of East and Southeast Asia, with particular focus on elections, party politics, democratization and governance. He has published papers on elections, party politics, and political dynasties in the Philippines, Japan and Southeast Asia. He has been cited as one of only four political scientists in the 2015 Webometrics' List of 150 Top Scientists in the Philippines based on Google Scholar citations.His research works have been indexed in Scopus and Web of Science-Social Sciences Citation Index. He was co-editor of Building Inclusive Democracies in ASEAN, a recipient of the 2016 National Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) Outstanding Book Award. Teehankee has been quoted by The New York Times, The Washington Post, and The Economist. His political commentaries have been published by the East Asia Forum, New Mandala, and Asia Dialogue. He has appeared regularly on media as a political analyst. Education
<mask>e finished his elementary education at the Ateneo de Manila University from 1972 to 1980. He attended high school at La Salle Greenhills from 1980 to 1984.He obtained both his doctorate degree in Development Studies (with distinction in 2001) and his bachelor's degree major in Political Science (1988) from De La Salle University. He earned his master's degree in Political Science (1994) from the University of the Philippines Diliman. From 2007 to 2008, he completed his postdoctoral studies at the Graduate Schools of Law and Politics at the University of Tokyo under a Japan Foundation fellowship. Personal background
His paternal grandfather José Tee Han Kee, immigrated to the Philippines in 1901 from Amoy (now Xiamen), China. He was a close associate and friend of Sun Yat-Sen, and was active in the struggle to liberate China from the Qing (Manchu) dynasty. He was the first medical director of the Chinese General Hospital in Manila. Dr. Tee Han Kee established the Chinese General Hospital School of Nursing  in 1921 and the Filipino-Chinese Medical Society in 1933.He also founded Farmacia Central - the largest prewar drugstore in Manila and precursor of Mercury Drugstore. <mask>'s uncle, <mask>, was the 16th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. <mask>'s maternal grandfather, Pedro G<mask> founded the Laboratorio de P. Cabral in 1923. His aunt Myrna O<mask> became the Mother Superior of the Holy Spirit Adoration Order (also known as the Pink Sisters) in the Philippines. Myrna took the name Sister Mary Hermenegildes, and later became the order's Mother Prioress and served as spiritual adviser to former president <mask> C. Aquino and Pope John Paul II. Visiting Fellowships
<mask>e was a visiting fellow at the Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Japan in 2020. Previously, he was a visiting fellow at the Philippines Project of the School of Regulation and Global Governance, College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University in 2019; at the Southeast Asia Research Centre, City University of Hong Kong in 2018; at the Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University in 2015; at the Japan Institute for International Affairs in 2002; a Sumitomo Foundation research grantee at the Waseda Institute of Asia Pacific Studies, Waseda University in 2000; a Fulbright American Studies fellow at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale in 2000; and, a Japan Foundation faculty development grantee at Ibaraki University, Japan from July 1995 to July 1996.Major publications

Books
 Imperious and Imperiled: The Paradox of the Philippine Presidency, co-authored with Mark R. Thompson [forthcoming]
 Patronage Politics in the Philippines: Clans, Clients, and Competition in Local Elections, co-edited with <mask> <mask> [forthcoming]
 Rethinking Parties in Democratizing Asia [forthcoming]
 Debate on Federal Philippines, co-edited with Eduardo Araral, Gilberto Llanto, Jonathan Malaya, and Ronald Mendoza, Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press/Bughaw, 2017. Building Inclusive Democracies in ASEAN, co-edited with Ronald Mendoza, Edsel Beja Jr., Antonio La Viña, and Maria Villamejor-Mendoza, Mandaluyong: Anvil Publishing Inc., 2015. (2016 National Academy of Science and Technology Outstanding Book Award)
 Rethinking Japan’s Foreign Policy: State, Society, and Security. Manila: Yuchengco Center for East Asia, 2002. Japanese Party Politics and Governance in Transition. Manila: Yuchengco Center for East Asia, 2002. Book chapters
 “Rethinking Patronage Politics in the Philippines.” In Teehankee, J.C and <mask>in, A (Eds.) Patronage Politics in the Philippines: Clans, Clients, and Machines in Local Politics, [forthcoming]. "Introduction: Taking a Second Look at Asian Political Parties.” In <mask>, J. C. (Ed.) Rethinking Parties in Democratizing Asia, [forthcoming]. “Untangling the Party List System.” In Hutchcroft P. (Ed.)Strong Patronage, Weak Parties: The Case for Electoral Reform in the Philippines.Mandaluyong: Anvil Publishing Inc., 2019, 145-161. "Accountability Challenges to Sustainable Development Goals in Southeast Asia.” In Holzhacker, R. and Agussalim, D. (Eds. ), Sustainable Development Goals in Southeast Asia and ASEAN. Singapore: Brill, 2019, 79-97. “House of Clans: Political Dynasties in the Philippine Legislature.” In Thompson, M.R. and Batalla E.C.(Eds.) Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Philippines. London and New York: Routledge., 2018, 85-96. “Strengthening the Party List System as a List Proportional Representation Election System.” In Malaya, J. (Ed.). The Quest for a Federal Philippines, 110-122. Pasay: PDP Laban Federalism Institute., 2017, 98-110.“Rationale and Features of Federalism.” In Araral, E. et al. Debate on Federal Philippines, Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press/Bughaw, 2017, 9-44. “Was Duterte’s Rise Inevitable?” In Curato, N. (Ed.) A Duterte Reader: Critical Essays on Rodrigo Duterte’s Early Presidency. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press/Bughaw., 2017, 39-58. “Institutionalizing Political Party Reforms in the Philippines.” In Mendoza, R.U., Beja, E.L. Jr., Teehankee, J.C. La Viña, A.G.M., and Villamejor-Mendoza, M.F.V.(Eds.) Building Inclusive Democracies in ASEAN. Mandaluyong: Anvil Publishing Inc., 2015, 308-318. “The Philippines” in Blondel, J., Inoguchi, T., and Marsh, I. (Eds.) Political Parties and Democracy: Western Europe, East and Southeast Asia 1990-2010. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012, 187-205.“Clientelism and Party Politics in the Philippines,” in Tomas, D. and Ufen, A. (Eds.) Clientelism and Electoral Competition in Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. Oxford, UK: Routledge, 2012, 186-214. “Been There, Done That: Southeast Asian Response to the Global Financial Crisis?" In Global Financial Crisis and Its Impacts on Asia. Seoul, Korea: Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, 2010, 39-67.“Image, Issues and Machinery: Presidential Campaigns in Post-1986 Philippines," In Kasuya, Y. and Quimpo, N. (Eds.). The Politics of Change in the Philippines. Manila: Anvil, 2010, 114-161. “Citizen-Party Linkages: Failure to Connect?” In Herberg, M. (Ed.) Reforming the Philippine Party System: Ideas and Initiatives, Debates and Dynamics.Pasig: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 2009, 23-44. “Consolidation or Crisis of Clientelistic Democracy? The 2004 Synchronized Elections in the Philippines,” in Croissant, A. & Martin, B. (Eds. ), Between Consolidation and Crisis: Elections and Democracy in Five Nations in Southeast Asia. Berlin: Lit Verlag, 2006, 215-276.“Election Campaigning in the Philippines," in Schafferer, C. (Ed.) Election Campaigning in East and Southeast Asia. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2005, 79-101. “Electoral Politics in the Philippines,” in <mask>t, A., Bruns, G., & John, M (Eds. ), Electoral Politics in Southeast & East Asia Singapore: Freidrich Ebert Stiftung, 2002, 149-202. Journal articles
 "Duterte’s Populism and the 2019 Midterm Election: An Anarchy of Parties?” co-authored with Yuko Kasuya, Philippine Political Science Journal [forthcoming].“Factional Dynamics in Philippine Party Politics, 1900-2019,” Journal of Contemporary Southeast Asian Affairs, Vol. 39 (1), 2020, 98–123. “The 2019 Midterm Elections in the Philippines: Party System Pathologies and Duterte’s Populist Mobilization,” co-authored with Yuko Kasuya, Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, Vol. 5(1), 2020, 69–81. “Mapping the Philippines’ Defective Democratization,” co-authored with <mask> <mask>, Asian Affairs: An American Review, 47(2), 2020, 97-125
 “Les catastrophes humanitaires et l’essor de de la philanthropie religieuse mondialisée [Disasters and the Rise of Global Religious Philanthropy],” co-authored with Jayeel <mask> Diogene, 2016, 122-139. “Regional Dimensions of the 2016 General Elections in the Philippines,” Regional and Federal Studies, Volume 28 Issue 3, 2018, 383-394. “Duterte’s Resurgent Nationalism in the Philippines: A Discursive Institutionalist Analysis,” Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 35 (3), 2016, 69-89.“The Vote in the Philippines: Electing A Strongman,” co-authored with Mark R. Thompson, Journal of Democracy, Volume 27 Issue 4, 2016, 124-34. “Weak State, Strong Presidents: Situating the Duterte Presidency in Philippine Political Time,” Journal of Developing Societies, Volume 32 Issue 3, 2016, 293-321. “The Philippines in 2015: The Calm Before the Political Storm,” Philippine Political Science Journal, Volume 37 Issue 1, 2016, 228-238. “The Study of Politics in Southeast Asia: The Philippines in Southeast Asian Political Studies,” Philippine Political Science Journal, 35 (1), 2014, 1-18. “Party.Politics.Ph: Internet Campaigning in the Philippines,” Philippine Political Science Journal, 31 (54), 2010, 87-116. “Synthesis and Distillation of Policy Issues: What Should Governments Do? The Global Financial Crisis as a Market and Government Failure” Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 9 (1), 2009, 85-90.“The Political Aftermath of the 1997 Crisis: From Asian Values to Asian Governance? Dialogue + Cooperation 18, 2007, 25-39. “Access to Justice Indicators in the Asia-Pacific Region,” Arellano Law and Policy Review, 7 (1), 2006, 62-79. “Institutional Continuity and the 2004 Philippines Election,” Dialogue + Cooperation 11, 2005, 63-67. “Emerging Dynasties in the Post-Marcos House of Representatives,” Philippine Political Science Journal, Volume 22, Number 45, 2001, 55-78. “Internal Armed Conflicts and the Peace Process in the Philippines,” Kajian Malaysia Volume 18 Numbers 1 & 2. June–December 2000, 141-156."Dynamics of Local Politics in Ibaraki Prefecture and Mito City after the Collapse of the 1955 System," Bulletin of College of General Education Ibaraki University, Volume 30, 1996, 343-350. “Party Politics and Philippine Political Development: An Assessment of the 1987, 1988 and 1992 Elections,” Praxis: Journal of Political Studies, Volume VII, Number 1, April 1995, 47-65. “The Context of Political Transition in Post-EDSA Philippines,” Praxis: Journal of Political Studies, Volume VI, Number 1 June 1994, 60-71. "The State, Illegal Logging and Environmental NGOs in the Philippines," Kasarinlan: Journal of the Third World Studies Center, Volume 9, Number 1 Third Quarter, 1993, 19-34. “The Spatio-temporal Roots of the Filipino Nation: A Reassessment of the Revolution of 1896, ” Praxis: Journal of Political Studies, Volume V, Number 1, 1991-1993, 30-43. “Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea: An Overview of the Legislature's Response to the Bases Issue,” DLSU Dialogue: Official Journal of De La Salle University, Volume XXIV, Number 1, 1989-1990, 15-25. Networks and professional organizations
Teehankee has held leadership positions in prominent professional organizations: Council Member (2019-2021) of the International Political Science Association (IPSA); President (2016-2019) and Secretary (1995-1999) of the Philippine Political Science Association (PPSA); President (2009-2011) and Executive Secretary (2011-2016) of the Asian Political and International Studies Association (APISA); Adviser (since 2016) of the Association of Political Consultants of Asia (APCA); Adviser (since 2017) the Philippine International Studies Organization (PhISO).He serves as the Regional Manager for Southeast Asia and the Pacific of the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project. V-Dem produces the largest global dataset on democracy with some 28 million data points for 202 countries from 1789 to 2019. Previously, he has served as Country Evaluator for the Bertelsmann Transformation Index (BTI) reports for 2003 and 2014; and as Country Reporter for 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012. BTI is a 128 country project focusing on the political management of the transformation toward Democracy and a Market Economy. Teehankee is the associate editor of the Philippine Political Science Journal. He was former editor of the Asia Pacific Social Science Review. He is also a member of the editorial boards of a number of Scopus-indexed academic journals that include: the Asia Pacific Social Science Review, the Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, the Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, and Asian Affairs: An American Review.He is a lifetime member of the Pi Gamma Mu Honor Society, Beta Chapter, Philippines. References

Filipino political scientists
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
De La Salle University alumni
University of the Philippines Diliman alumni
De La Salle University faculty
University of Tokyo alumni
Filipino people of Chinese descent

masks:
Julio Cabral Teehankee
Julio Teehanke
Julio
Claudio Teehankee
Julio
. Cabral
. Cabral
Corazon
Julio Teehanke
Cleo
Calimbahin
Calbah
Teehankee
Croissan
Cleo
Calimbahin
Colio


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<mask>i government from 10 May 1994 to 17 January 1995 and Minister of Justice in the Prodi government from 17 May 2006 to 17 January 2008. He was also elected to the European Parliament in June 2009 on the list of The People of Freedom of Berlusconi. Political career
<mask> was born in Ceppaloni, province of Benevento. In 1976 he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies as a member of the Christian Democracy party. After the party's dissolution in 1994, <mask> joined with Pierferdinando Casini to found a new party, called Centro Cristiano Democratico.That same year, following the election victory of Silvio Berlusconi, he was appointed Minister of Labour. In 1998, after the fall of Romano Prodi's first government, <mask> decided to follow Francesco Cossiga, lifetime senator and former Italian Republic President. He left his party to found the Christian Democrats for the Republic, then Democratic Union for the Republic. This new political party, which supported the new centre-left government led by Massimo D'Alema, lasted only one year. In 1999, <mask> took over the leadership of UDEUR. In 2005, <mask> took part in the primary election for the leadership of The Union. He obtained 4.6% of the vote.<mask> <mask> and the President of the Sicilian Region Salvatore Cuffaro were subjects of a scandal when it was revealed that they had been the best men of Francesco Campanella, a former member of the Mafia who helped the boss Bernardo Provenzano when he was a fugitive from the law. In July 2000, <mask> was a witness at Campanella's wedding. In 2016 he became mayor of the city of Benevento. Minister of Justice
In 2006, <mask> became minister of Justice in the Prodi government. <mask> promoted a general amnesty in 2006. He also proposed criminalising Holocaust denial, but he dropped the proposal after opposition by historians and concerns about such law being unconstitutional. As Minister of Justice, <mask> received an "Advice of Judicial Proceedings" in February 2007 from the Naples prosecutors’ office.He is being investigated for fraudulent bankruptcy when the Naples football club S.S.C. Napoli collapsed in 2004. <mask> was vice president of the Board of Directors. In September 2007 he has asked the Higher Council of the Magistracy to arrange the transfer of the prosecuting attorney of Catanzaro Luigi De Magistris, who was inquiring on a committee of illegal transactions composed by politicians (including <mask> himself) and magistrates. In May 2007, <mask> started a blog of his own (clementemastella.blogspot.com) in retaliation to criticism by the Italian comedian and political activist Beppe Grillo. <mask>'s wife, Sandra Lonardo, is also a UDEUR politician, and she acts as president of the Regional Council of Campania. She has been under house arrest for suspected bribery since 16 January 2008.Meanwhile, <mask> <mask> resigned from his position as Justice Minister; in announcing his resignation, he said that "between the love of my family and power I choose the former" and expressed his desire to be "more free from a political and personal point of view". Prodi rejected the resignation, but on 17 January <mask> said again that he was resigning. Prodi was to temporarily take over his portfolio. In 2017 <mask> was cleared of charges. 2008 Italian political crisis
Despite having earlier said that he would support Prodi's government without participating in it, on 21 January 2008, <mask> said that his party was ending its support, thereby depriving the government of its narrow majority in the Senate. <mask> said that UDEUR wanted an early election and that it would vote against the government if there was a vote of confidence. <mask>'s decision occurred a few days after a decision by the Constitutional Court which confirmed that there would be a referendum to modify the electoral system.As stated many times by <mask>, if the referendum was confirmed this would lead directly to the fall of the government and in fact this is what happened. The fall of the government disrupted a pending election-law referendum that, if it had been passed, would have made it harder for small parties like Mastella's to gain seats in parliament. On 6 February 2008, <mask> announced that he would be part of Silvio Berlusconi's Casa delle Libertà. but on 1 March Berlusconi refused to form a coalition with Mastella, citing too many differences in their political programmes. After failing to secure a coalition with any other political party, <mask> decided to quit the electoral competition on 7 March, as the Italian electoral system subjects political parties not a part of a coalition to thresholds of 4% and 8% for the Chamber and the Senate, respectively. European Parliament
He was elected to the European Parliament in June 2009 on the list of The People of Freedom of Berlusconi. In July 2009 he was quoted in the Italian because of statements made about the per diem collected at the European Parliament: "An allowance of 290 euro!"- he said in a lift to his assistants - "'It's misery. ... They do not know what you get in the Italian Parliament". In the first months of the current legislature (2009-2014) of the European Parliament he was one of the MEPs less present during voting in plenary meetings. Mayor of Benevento
On 20 June 2016, <mask> was elected mayor of Benevento as head of a centre-right coalition. On 3 June 2020, he left Forza Italia to create a regional list named Noi Campani (We Campanians) in support of centre-left incumbent president Vincenzo De Luca for his re-election campaign. References

External links
 Official website
 <mask>'s blog

1947 births
Living people
People from the Province of Benevento
Christian Democracy (Italy) politicians
20th-century Italian politicians
MEPs for Italy 2009–2014
21st-century Italian politicians
Union of Democrats for Europe MEPs
Union of Democrats for Europe politicians
Christian Democratic Centre politicians
Democratic Union for the Republic politicians
Italian Ministers of Justice
Mayors of Benevento
People from Benevento

masks:
Mario Clemente Mastellacon
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Clemente
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Clemente
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella
Mastella


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<mask> (born 13 March 1952 in Königswiesen, Austria) is an Austrian studio potter and was professor of ceramics at the University of Arts and Industrial Design Linz. Biography
From 1972 to 1979 <mask> studied ceramics at the University of Arts and Industrial Design Linz and graduated as Master of Fine Arts. 1980 she founded her first studio near Lienz/ Tirol and worked there as freelance artist until 2014. 1986 she additionally started working as Assistant professor at the University of Arts and Industrial Design Linz and continued her career there as Associate professor until her retirement in 2014. 2015 she founded a new studio in Puchenau near Linz and works also in Tyros, Arcadia, Greece. Besides being artist and professor she also acted as curator and academic author in the field of ceramic art. Work
As artist she won awards, prizes and grants in Austria, Germany, Croatia und Hungary.She participated in 32 personal and 121 group exhibitions in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, Italy, Belgium, Chechia, Spain, Denmark, Lithuania, Croatia, Latvia, Turkey, Egypt, USA, Korea and Japan. Her artworks can be found in several art museums and other well known public or private art collections, like the Museum of Applied Arts, Vienna, the Museum of Design, Zürich, Sèvres – Cité de la céramique, France, the Igal & Diane Silber Collection, Laguna Beach/ Cal., the Panevėžys Civic Art Gallery (Lithuania), the International Ceramics Studio in Kecskemét (Hungary), the Museum of Modern Ceramic Art, Mino Ceramic Park, Gifu (Japan), the Grassi Museum, Leipzig, or the collection of the Veste Coburg. <mask> herself writes about her recent objects of ceramic art: "My objects are each built up and hand-formed to their individual shape. The surface is smoothed only partially. This free development of the ceramic form can be seen in the sometimes dissolving rims and in the often thin-walled shells of the objects. The forms are inspired by an architectural aesthetic, hinting at vertical axes, playing with orthogonal or other geometric structures, but deconstructing, tilting and intertwining them. Thus a positive disquiet can be experienced.The entire surface of the ceramic objects is worked out in multiple layering by paintbrush, sgraffito or other pictorial techniques. Aim is to reach the impression of »three-dimensional paintings«"

The following pictures show this formative development of the ceramic sculptural objects by <mask>gartner: starting from experimenting with circular or cylindrical forms (figure 1), she developed more complicated objects, using thin-walled wavelike shapes with experimental glazes (figure 2), or more solid houselike structures with straight angles (figures 3, 4). Now her objects are a free combination of various geometric shapes and conceptional graphics (figure 5)

Awards, grants, invitations (a selection)
 1986 Upper Austrian Grant for artistic talent ("Talentförderungsprämie")
 1991 Austrian State Prize for Design ("österr. Staatspreis für gestaltendes Handwerk")
 1993 Nagrada (award) "Slavonski Brod" (= Medal "New Positions"), 4. Svetski Triennale Male Keramike, Zagreb/ Croatia. 1993, 1998 International Ceramic Symposia, Panevėžys/ LIT (invited artist)
 1994 3rd »Tradition and Possibilities« Symposium: Blue Porcelain Painting Dubí/ Chechia (invited artist),
 1998 Celadon Porcelain Festival & Symposium, Gangjin/ KOR (group invitation). 1998 Salzburg Award for Ceramic Art ("Salzburger Keramikpreis").1998, 2000 Biennial "Form & Glaze", Frankfurt am Main (Germany) (invited artist by jury decision)
 2002, 2003: Fire Magic II, III Symposia, International Ceramics Studio (ICS), Kecskemét (Hungary) (co-director). 2020: GRACIS 2020. Zagreb, Zelina award: silver medal. Personal exhibitions (a selection)
 1982 Ceramics, Gallery "Kunsthof Weihergut", Salzburg/ A
 1984 Ceramics and Porcellain, Galerie Thaddaeus Ropac, Lienz/ A
 1990 <mask>garter/ Lilo Schrammel: Ceramics, Gallery (of the artist's association) MAERZ, Linz/ A
 1992 <mask> – Ceramics, Gallery in the Museum "Schloss Bruck", Lienz/ A
 1992 <mask>ner: Ceramics, Gallery L in the "Heine-Haus", Hamburg/ BRD
 1993 Vases and Colours, Gallery Felice Figl, Linz/ A
 1996 Landscapes - Pale Clay, Gallery "Ceramic Arts", Vienna/ A
 1996 Works in Clay, Gallery in the "Looshaus", Vienna/ A
 2000 <mask>umgartner: New Ceramics, Gallery "b15", Munich/ BRD
 2000 Ceramic Objects and Sculptures, Kammerhof Gallery, Gmunden/ A
 2001 <mask>ner: Ceramics, Gallery "Unart", Villach/ A
 2001 Ceramics: Series "Kasbah", "Twists", "Orcas", Gallery "Tiroler Kunstpavillon", Innsbruck/ Aonline via the database "basis Vienna" accessed February 28, 2016. 2010 A Plentiful Portion – Ceramic Objects, Gallery "Kulturkeller Schloss Dobersberg/ A"
 2015 - 2017 Maria Baumgartner: open gallery exhibition program, Gallery Maria Baumgartner, Puchenau near Linz/ A (organized by "Die Kunstsammlung OÖ./ Upper Austrian Arts Foundation"). 2020 Art cycling in Millstatt, special exhibition Maria Baumgartner in the Millstatt abbey (cloister). Group exhibitions (a selection)
 1981 Austrian Ceramics 1900 - 1980, City Museum "Nordico" Linz, and Museum of Applied Arts, Vienna.1984 12 Ceramic Artists from Austria, Gallery Ludwig, Hannover/ BRD. 1986 European Contemporary Ceramics, Ceramics museum "Keramion", Frechen near Cologne. 1986 Contemporary Ceramics in Austria, Art Collection of the Veste Coburg/ BRD (and other places). 1989 L’Europe des Ceramistes. Actualité de la Céramique Européenne, Abbey of Saint-Germain d'Auxerre/ FRA (and other places). 1991 Ceramics as Passion: the Collection of Prof. Cornelius Ouwehand, Musée Bellerive, Zurich/ CH. 1992 Le Bol aux quatre coins de la terre, Gallery Leonelli, Lausanne/ CH.1992 ALKER (Antiratna likovna keramička radionica) za Dubrovnik i Vukovar, Gradski Muzej Karlovac/ CRO;
 1993 4th World Triennial Exhibition of Small Ceramics, Meštrović Pavilion, Zagreb/ CRO. 1994 The 2nd Cairo International Biennale for Ceramics, Zamalek Art Gallery, Cairo/ EGY. 1996 Ceramics from the 20th Century. Collection Ingrid and Rudolf Welle, City Gallery, Paderborn/ BRD. 1996 Movement - European Contemporary Ceramics '96, Ceramics museum "Keramion", Frechen near Cologne. 1998 International Contemporary Ceramics from the Igal and Diane Silber Collection, Laguna Art Museum, Laguna Beach/ Cal. 2000 The World of Pots.Contemporary Ceramics. Collection Rudolf Strasser, Museum in the "Kreuzgang", Landshut/ BRD (and other places). 2000, 2001 SOFA Art Fair, New York/ NY & Chicago/ Ill.Also online accessed March 1, 2016. 2001 Salon international de céramique de collection et des arts du feu, Hôtel du Rond-point, Paris/ FRA. 2005 In time. In space. In fire, Museion No.1, International Ceramics Studio, Budapest/ HUN. 2007 Modern Ceramics from Central Europe – A Focus on Hungary, the Czech Republic and Greater Central Europe, Museum of Modern Ceramic Art, Gifu/ JAP. 2012 1000 Gramm/ 1000 grams, Gallery of Applied Arts, Munic/ BRD. 2014 Ceramics from the 20th Century. Objects from the Donation Welle, Museum of Applied Arts, Gera/ BRD. 2016 Heritage and Diversity. East and West Invitational Ceramic Exhibition, Hanyang University Museum, Seoul/ KOR.2016 Latvia International Ceramics Biennale - Martinsons Award Exhibition, Mark Rothko Art Centre, Daugavpils/ LAT. 2017 Ceramics out of Passion: Kurt Ohnsorg, Günther Praschak, <mask> and others, Lower Austrian Centre of Modern Arts, Sankt Pölten/ AUT. 2018, 2020 Art cycling in Millstatt, Millstatt/ AUT
 2019-2020 Paroda Keramiada. Trys Panevėžio tarptautinio keramikos simpoziumo dešimtmečiai/ Three Decades of Panevėžys International Ceramic Symposium, Panevėžio miesto dailės galerija/ Panevėžys Civic Art Gallery, Panevėžys/ LIT
 2020 G.R.A.C.I.S. 2020 (Ceramics from Germany, Romania, Austria, Croatia, Italy, Slovenia), Zvonimir Gallery, Zagreb. 2020 MIKS 20. Međunarodna izložba keramike i stakla - International exhibition of ceramics and glass, Zagreb, Ambienta fair, Zagreb Fair Grounds.2021 Ceramic Diversity, Salzburg, Berchtoldvilla. 2021-2022 ANALOG - Austrian and International Ceramics from the 1980s, Schrems, Austria, Art museum Waldviertel. 2022 INDIA FEST 22 - Povodom 73. proslave Dana Republike Indije/ Exhibition on the occasion of the 73rd celebration of the foundation Day of the Republic of India, virtual/ online exhibition with 47 ceramic artists from Austria, Canada, Croatia, Estonia, India, Italy, Romania, Singapore, Slovenia, Turkey, Uruguay and USA, organized by: LADICA Likovni art dizajn centar/ LADICA Fine arts and design center, Zagreb

 Publications (a selection)
 Die Österreich-Seite: »Man muss in die Werkstatt gehen«. Über Franz Josef Altenburg (The Austria page: on Franz Josef Altenburg). In: Neue Keramik. vol 3 (1989), no. 5, pp.583–584. Das Europa der Keramiker. Zu einer internationalen Großausstellung der Linzer Kunsthochschule (Ceramists' Europe: On an international exhibition at the Arts University Linz). In: linz aktiv no. 114 (1990), pp. 75–77. Keramikerinnen in Salzburg (Female Ceramists in Salzburg).In: Wally, Barbara (ed. ): Künstlerinnen in Salzburg (Female Artists in Salzburg). ed. Museum Carolino Augusteum, Salzburg 1991, , pp. 83–98. Ceramics in Austria - Survival in the Invisible. In: European Ceramic from 13 counties: exhibition catalogue, Kunsthalle Dominikanerkirche Osnabrück.ed Rasch, Bramsche (Germany) 1998, , pp. 120–123. Neues Feuer. Ein Ausstellungsprojekt der Keramik an der University of Arts and Industrial Design Linz 1999/2000 (New Fire. An exhibition project). ed. University of Arts and Industrial Design Linz, Linz 1999, .Indoor – Outdoor. Keramik im Garten. Ein Projekt der Kunstuniversität Linz und der Westungarischen Universität Sopron (Indoor – Outdoor. Ceramics in the garden. A project of the Arts University Linz and the Hungarian University Sopron). ed. University of Arts and Industrial Design Linz, Linz 2003
 Selber Linzer.Eine Ausstellung der Kunstuniversität Linz - Studienrichtung Keramik ("Linzer Oneself": An Exhibition by the University of Arts and Industrial Design Linz  - Institute of Ceramics). ed. Dt. Porzellanmuseum, Selb (Germany) 2006, . Kopieren und Einfügen. Eine Ausstellung der Kunstuniversität Linz im Rahmen der OÖ. Landesausstellung 2008 (Copy and Paste.An exhibition of the Arts University Linz within the Upper Austrian Regional Exhibition 2008). ed. University of Arts and Industrial Design Linz, Linz 2008, . References

 External links

 Entry <mask>umgartner in the Austrian artist data base of the "Tiroler Künstlerschaft"
 Entry <mask>gartner in the international arts data base "artfacts.net"
 Bowl 1981 on the website of "basis Vienna" from the personal exhibition 1982 in Zell am See/AUT;
 Bowl 1983 from the collection of the Academy of Arts (Hochschule der Künste), Zurich/ CH;
 Bowl 1986 from the collection of the "Veste Coburg", Germany (temporarily not reachable);
 Rain Vase 1991 from the collection of the Austrian Federal Government in Vienna;
 Shell 1991 on the website of the Austrian National Library from the solo exhibition in Lienz/AUT
 Patches 1998 from the collection of the "Panevezys Civic Art Gallery" (Lithuania);
 Composition 2017  from the "Ceramics out of Passion" exhibition 2017 in St. Pölten/AUT;
 Kasbah 2001 in the collection of Sèvres – Cité de la céramique''/ FRA;
 Bend no. 1 2003 from the "Art cycling in Millstatt" exhibition 2018;
 Complete Worklist 2018 as exhibited at the "Art cycling in Millstatt" exhibition 2018;
 Orcas 2001 on the website of "basis Vienna" (from the solo-exhibition in Innsbruck/AUT 2001;
 Kasbah 2002 from the "All Ceramics" exhibition 2003-2004 by the "Lower Austria Art Association (NÖ-Art)";

1952 births
Living people
20th-century Austrian women artists
21st-century Austrian women artists
Austrian potters
University of Arts and Industrial Design Linz faculty
Women potters
Austrian women ceramists

masks:
Maria Baumgartner
Maria Baumgartner
Maria Bagartner
Maria Baum
Maria Baum
Maria Baumgartner
Maria Baumgart
Maria Ba
Maria Baumgart
Maria Baumner
Maria Ba
Maria Baum


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General <mask>  (27 July 1926 – 10 August 1986) was a General Officer in the Indian Army. He served as the 13th Chief of the Army Staff from 1983 to 1986. Following his retirement, he was assassinated by Harjinder Singh Jinda and Sukhdev Singh Sukha, Sikh militants of the Khalistan Commando Force in August 1986. This was done in vengeance of Operation Blue Star. General <mask> commanded this operation. Family and early life
<mask> was born in Bombay on 27 July 1926 to a Marathi Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu (CKP) family, the son of Shridhar <mask>IE, a barrister and sometime district collector of Surat, and his wife Indira. After his early education at Pune, <mask> studied at Elphinstone High School in Bombay before joining Elphinstone College and later the M. I.B. College at Surat, presumably transferring due to his father's posting there as district collector. At Elphinstone College, Vaidya joined the 1st Bombay Battalion of the University Training Corps (UTC) and was awarded Best Cadet in 1942 before transferring to the MIB College, where he also joined its UTC and attained the rank of Company Quarter-Master Havildar (CQMH). On 30 March 1944, he joined the Officers' Training School at Belgaum as a cadet. He was selected for the Armoured Corps and underwent further training at Ahmednagar, receiving an emergency commission in the Royal Deccan Horse (later the 9th Deccan Horse) of the British Indian Army on 20 January 1945. Vaidya fought in the Burma Campaign with the 14th Army during the final months of the Second World War, including at the battles of Meiktila and Rangoon. His wife's name was Bhanu and they had three daughters.Military career

Early army career
<mask> received an emergency commission in the Indian Armoured Corps on 20 October 1945, with the service number IEC-11597, and received a regular army commission as a lieutenant on 7 May 1947 (seniority from 20 April 1947), a few months before India's independence. Post-Independence
In September 1948, <mask> was involved in Operation Polo as a member of the ad hoc armoured force organised from the Armoured Corps Centre and School. The force captured the Daulatabad Fort, the Ellora Caves area and Parbhani. In 1958, he was selected to attend the Defence Services Staff College, Wellington, having secured a competitive vacancy. He was subsequently appointed brigade major of the 70 Infantry Brigade. He served in this appointment in Ladakh during the Sino-Indian War in 1962. 1965 Indo-Pak war
<mask> was promoted lieutenant-colonel on 10 June 1965, shortly before war broke out between India and Pakistan that year.He was in command of the Deccan Horse. During the time, he was instrumental in saving the Command Trucks and fleeing Divisional Headquarters through his tanks through an encirclement by Pakistan Army's 6th Armoured Division at the Battle of Chawinda which resulted in destruction of Pakistan's 1st Armoured Division and heavy loss of Pakistani lives. 70 tanks were destroyed of which 38 tanks were decimated by the Deccan Horse. The regiment won 22 gallantry awards and <mask> as the Commandant was awarded India's second highest military decoration, the Maha Vir Chakra (MVC). He was awarded the MVC in an investiture ceremony at the Rashtrapati Bhavan by the President of India Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan on 21 April 1966. Maha Vir Chakra Citation
The citation for the Maha Vir Chakra reads as follows:

Between the wars
On 21 July 1969, he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier and appointed Commander of 167 Mountain Brigade. Under him, the brigade conducted operations against the Naga hostiles who were backed by China.Along with the leader, Mowu Angami, most of the hostiles were captured with their weapons and equipment. <mask> was awarded the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal on 26 January 1970. On 2 November 1970, he was appointed Commandant of the Armoured Corps Centre and School at Ahmednagar. 1971 Indo-Pak war
During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, <mask> was in command of an armored brigade in the Zafarwal sector on the western front. In the Battle of Chakra and Dahira, the hostile terrain was combined with minefields. He crossed through the minefield and moved forward. Thus the entire squadron was able to push through the lane and quickly deploy itself to meet the Pakistan Army's counter-attacks.During the Battle of Basantar (known as Battle of Barapind in Pakistan) in the same conflict, he displayed skill and leadership in getting his tanks through deep minefields. For this he was awarded a second Maha Vir Chakra (known as the Bar to MVC). Bar to Maha Vir Chakra Citation
The citation for the bar to the Maha Vir Chakra reads as follows:

Post-war career
On 4 January 1973, <mask> was promoted to the acting rank of major-general and appointed General Officer Commanding (GOC) the elite 1st Armoured Division. He was confirmed in the substantive rank of major-general on 1 April 1974. He subsequently moved to Army Headquarters as Director Military Operations (DMO). After a stint as DMO, he took over as the Master General of Ordnance at Army HQ. <mask> was promoted to lieutenant-general on 25 January 1980, with seniority from 16 August 1978.On 1 July 1980, he was appointed GOC IV Corps. He was also elected as Honorary ADC to the President of India. After a short tenure, he was promoted Army Commander and appointed General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Command on 3 May 1981. Chief of Army Staff
On 31 July 1983, <mask> became the 13th Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army, taking over from General K.V. Krishna Rao. The appointment was subject to controversy as the senior-most general, Lt Gen S K Sinha was super-ceded. Sinha was the Vice Chief of the Army Staff and was being groomed to take over as the next Chief.With the appointment of <mask> as the 13th COAS, Sinha resigned in protest. Operation Blue Star

In 1984, <mask> designed and supervised Operation Blue Star - a military operation ordered by Indira Gandhi, then Prime Minister of India, against militants commanded by Shabeg Singh, a former Officer of the Indian Army, under Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, Chief of Damdami Taksal, in June 1984 at the Harmandir Sahib complex. Bhindranwale was killed and all militants were cleared out of the temple complex. He retired on 31 January 1986, one of India's most decorated officers. He had completed over 40 years of service. Assassination
As the principal organiser of Operation Blue Star, <mask> was well aware of being a high-profile target for assassins, but never regretted his role, stating in a 1985 interview: "I do not see any difference in taking up arms against a foreign enemy or an enemy from within...one who takes up arms against his own brother-citizens, against his own Constitution and legally-constituted government is enemy enough, deserving the most ruthless punishment." Despite numerous death threats being sent to his offices in the months before his retirement, he remained equally calm about the very real danger to his life: "After seeing two wars I can't run away from danger.If a bullet is destined to get me, it will come with my name written on it." Following <mask>'s retirement, he took up residence in Pune, India, where he built a three-bedroom bungalow for his retirement. Just six months later, on 10 August 1986, he was shot to death in his white Maruti 800, bearing Registration No. DIB 1437, while driving home from the market on Rajendrasinhji Marg, at around 11:45 a.m. According to police, four reportedly clean-shaven men pulled up alongside the car on motorcycles, with the lead assassin firing three shots into <mask> through the driver's-side window; the first two bullets penetrated his brain and killed him instantly. His car steered towards a cyclist named Digamber Gaikwad, and the cycle was crushed, though the cyclist escaped unharmed, the general's car stopping in front of a compound wall. A third bullet struck <mask> in the shoulder, with another striking his wife Bhanumati in the neck.His bodyguard, who was also in the car, was wounded by four bullets in his back and thighs. The bleeding general was carried to the Command Hospital in a passing green matador van, and was declared brought dead. The witnesses who deposed in court said that the assailants were clean shaven, but later in turban and beard in court. According to Indian intelligence sources, <mask> had been the number four assassination target on lists of Punjabi insurgents and he was one of several people killed in retaliation for Operation Blue Star. <mask> was cremated in Pune with full military honours; in attendance were his wife, daughters Neeta Kochar, Parijat Belliappa and Tarini <mask>, Union ministers V.P. Singh, V.N. Gadgil and <mask> Singh, the three service chiefs, Governor of Maharashtra Shankar Dayal Sharma and Chief Minister of Maharashtra S.B.Chavan, along with over 50,000 other mourners. Following the assassination, the Khalistan Commando Force issued a statement declaring that <mask> had been killed in retaliation for the Golden Temple operation. The assassination shocked India, and security measures for senior military commanders, particularly for those who had taken part in Blue Star, were immediately stepped up. Local anti-Sikh rioting broke out in Pune and Mumbai after <mask>'s assassination; a number of people were stabbed and several Sikh-owned businesses were attacked. In 1989, Khalistani militant Sukhdev Singh Sukha and Khalistani militant Harjinder Singh Jinda were sentenced to death for the killing. Despite admitting to the killing, they pleaded not-guilty, justifying their actions by stating that <mask> was "guilty of a serious crime, the punishment for which could only be death". The two were executed on 9 October 1992.Honours and awards

Dates of rank

Notes

References

1926 births
1986 deaths
Murder in 1986
Military personnel from Maharashtra
Chiefs of Army Staff (India)
Indian generals
Victims of the insurgency in Punjab
Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in civil service
Recipients of the Maha Vir Chakra
Marathi people
Assassinated Indian people
Assassinated military personnel
People murdered in Maharashtra
Deaths by firearm in India
Victims of Sikh terrorism
People from Alibag
British Indian Army officers
Indian military personnel of World War II

masks:
Arunkumar Shridhar Vaidya
Arun Vaidya
Vaidya
Balkrishna Vaidya C
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya
Arun
Vaidya
Vaidya
Vaidya


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<mask> (born 21 April 1959 in Paris) is a French philosopher, musicologist, and a specialist of Jewish philosophy. Biography
A pianist by training and former graduate of the Conservatoire de Paris, <mask> followed a double course in philosophy and musicology at the Université Paris Sorbonne-Paris IV and the Université Paris-1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. She entered Radio France in 1982 (France Musique and France Culture) where she worked as a radio producer until 2005. <mask> defended a thesis (1992) and an authorization to conduct research in philosophy (1994) at the Université Paris-1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. She was called upon to the IRCAM directed by Pierre Boulez and appointed editor in chief of the magazine Inharmoniques then Cahiers de l'IRCAM between 1989 and 1993. She was a resident at the Villa Medicis in Rome in 1992 and returned to the CNRS in 1993 at the "Laboratoire des Arts du spectacle" then the "Laboratoire d'esthétique" of the Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne where she taught as associate professor and remained there until 1998. She was program director at the Collège international de philosophie between 1996 and 2002.Named professor of music aesthetics and philosophy of music at the Paris Sorbonne-Paris University in 1998, <mask>-Levinas founded in 1998 the "Centre d'esthétique, musique et philosophie contemporaine". In 2008, she founded and directed the "Collège des études juives et de philosophie contemporaine" which she renamed Centre Emmanuel Levinas (EA 3552) in 2012. She has been a research associate at the Husserl Archives of Paris at the École Normale Supérieure of  (ENS-CNRS) since 2008 where she works more specifically on the work of Emmanuel Levinas and on his influence in international research. It is within the framework of the "Collège des études juives et de philosophie contemporaine" that she took the initiative in December 2016, in collaboration with Perrine Simon-Nahum, to ensure the revival of the "Colloque des Intellectuels juifs de langue française" (NCIJLF). Alongside her research in aesthetics and philosophy of music, in contemporary philosophy and post-phenomenology in France, <mask>-Levinas deploys a work in Jewish philosophy, around the Judeo-German moment (H. Cohen, F. Rosenzweig, G. Scholem, L. Strauss ... ) and the Frankfurt School (Adorno, Benjamin, Bloch ... ), as well as around the revival of biblical and Talmudic studies in Europe from a philosophical point of view. Since 2007 she has been editorial advisor by the Éditions Hermann and director of the philosophy series Le Bel Aujourd'hui which she founded the same year. In 2010, she created by Éditions Hermann a series intended to host collective works: the Rue de la Sorbonne series and, in 2011, a series devoted to Jewish thought and studies, "Panim el Panim".She is the president of Les Cahiers Maurice Blanchot, which she co-founded with Monique Antelme and Mike Holland in 2010. <mask>-Levinas is married to composer and pianist Michaël Levinas. Main publications

Philosophy, music
 La voix au-delà du chant, une fenêtre aux ombres, édition augmentée, Paris, Librairie philosophique J. Vrin, 2006 (1st edition Michel de Maule, 1987)
 Le présent de l’opéra au XXe : chemins vers les nouvelles utopies, Paris, Kimé, 2001 (1st edition Art éd., 1994)
 Passage d’un seuil : thème et variations sur l’œuvre de Jean-Marc Bustamante, Éditions Musée de Eindhoven, 1994. Des notations musicales : frontières et singularités, Paris, L'Harmattan, 1996. La création après la musique contemporaine, L'Harmattan 1998. Causeries sur la musique, L'Harmattan, 1998. Le Style et l’Idée d’Arnold Schoenberg, new edition established and prefaced by <mask>-Levinas, first French edition, 1977, Paris, Buchet/Chastel; last édition, Paris, Buchet/Chastel, 2002, preceded by a study Prolégomènes au style et à l’idée musicale.Emmanuel Levinas : pour une philosophie de l’hétéronomie (dir. ), Paris, Bayard, 2006
 Levinas et les théologies (codir. Shmuel Trigano), Paris, In Press, 2007
 Les territoires de la pensée (codir. Bruno Clément), Paris, PUF, 2007
 Temps historique, temps messianique, revue Lignes, October 2008. L’impatience des langues, cowritten with Gérard Bensussan, Éditions Hermann, 2010. Emmanuel Levinas et le souci de l'art (dir. ), Manucius, Paris, 2010.Le siècle de Schoenberg (dir. ), Hermann, 2010. Lire Totalité et Infini, Études et interprétations, Hermann, 2011. Europe, issue on Emmanuel Levinas, Paris, 2011. Levinas / Derrida : lire ensemble, coedited with Marc Crépon, Hermann, 2015. Figures du dehors, autour de Jean-Luc Nancy, (codir. Gisèle Berkman), ed.Cécile Defaut,
 L'énigme de l'humain, Politique et meta-politique chez Emmanuel Levinas (interviews with Miguel Abensour), Hermann, 2012. Europe, issue on Walter Benjamin, Paris, 2013. L'Opéra et son double, Paris, Vrin, 2013. La philosophie de Schelling. Le temps du système, le système des temps (dir. Revue Germanique Internationale), Paris, Éd. du CNRS, 2013.Vers une analytique de l'esprit chez Emmanuel Levinas, followed by Emmanuel Levinas's text, La compréhension de la spiritualité dans les cultures française et allemande, Paris, Payot/Rivage, 2014.
 , précédé du texte d'Emmanuel Levinas, Paul Celan, dall'essere all' altro (French version, Paul Celan, de l'être à l'autre, Fata Morgana, 2002), translated into Italian by Giuseppe Pintus, Rome, Schibboleth, 2014. Partilha da literatura (Partage de la littérature), translated into Portuguese by Fabricia Walace Rodrigues, Gabriela Lafetá Borges, Juliana Cecci Silva, Lucas Sales Lyra, Luísa Freitas, Nivalda Assunção de Araújo et Piero Eyben, edited by Piero Eyben and Alberto Pucheu, Brasilia, Horizonte, 2014. Appels by Jacques Derrida, preceded by a text by Jacques Derrida, "Justices" (ed. <mask>-Levinas and Ginette Michaud), Paris, Hermann, 2014. Levinas-Derrida. Lire ensemble (ed. <mask>-Levinas and Marc Crépon), Paris, Hermann, 2014.Inventions à deux voix. Interviews with Jean-Luc Nancy, Paris, Le Felin, 2015. Relire Totalité et Infini d'Emmanuel Levinas, (ed. <mask>-Levinas and Alexander Schnell), Paris, Vrin, 2015, series "Problèmes et Controverses". Mystique et philosophie dans les trois monothéismes (ed. <mask>-Levinas, Géraldine Roux and Meryem Sebti), Paris, Hermann, 2015. Une percée de l'humain, followed by a text by Emmanuel Levinas, Être juif, and an unpublished letter to Maurice Blanchot, Paris, Payot/Rivages poche, 2015.Le devenir-juif du poème. Double envoi : Celan et Derrida, Montréal, Presses Universitaires de Montréal, 2015. Revue Europe, issue on Paul Celan (ed. <mask>-Levinas), Paris, 2016. L'antijudaïsme à l'épreuve de la philosophie et de la théologie (ed. <mask>-Levinas and Antoine Guggenheim), series "Le genre humain", Paris, Éditions du Seuil, 2016. Leo Strauss, judaïsme et philosophie (ed.<mask>-Levinas, Marc de Launay and Gérald Sfez), Paris, ed. Beauchesne, 2016. Relire Autrement qu'être ou au-delà de l'essence by Emmanuel Levinas (ed. <mask>-Levinas and Alexander Schnell), Paris, Librairie Vrin, 2016. La Phénoménologie de l'Esprit de Hegel aujourd'hui (ed. ), Revue Germanique Internationale, Paris, ed. CNRS, 2016.Perspectives néokantiennes (ed. <mask>-Levinas, Juan Manuel Garrido and Marc de Launay), Paris, ed. Hermann, 2017. Poetry and literary prose
 2004: Un bruit dans le bruit, Paris, Mercure de France
 2004; Le soleil est grammatical, Mercure de France
 2004: La tristesse du Roi, Mercure de France
 2010: Le pain des épices, cowritten with Ginette Michaud, Montréal
 2012: Qui est comme Dieu, Paris, Belin, 2012 (poems). References

External links
 <mask>-Levinas - Partir du Dasein ou du Juif on YouTube
 <mask>-Levinas on France Culture
 <mask>-Levinas on Babelio
 <mask>-Levinas on Printemps des poètes

20th-century French musicologists
21st-century French musicologists
Women musicologists
20th-century French philosophers
21st-century French philosophers
Conservatoire de Paris alumni
Jewish philosophers
20th-century French Jews
Paris-Sorbonne University alumni
1959 births
Writers from Paris
Living people

masks:
Danielle Cohen Levinas
Danielle Cohen Levinas
Danielle Cohen Levinas
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen
Danielle Cohen


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<mask> (born 1954) is an American politician from New Orleans, Louisiana. She was also Director of the Center for Student Retention and Success in Southern University at New Orleans. On July 25, 2011, she was found guilty of racketeering. For this crime, she served a 4-year sentence. Political career
A Democrat, <mask> began her tenure in the Louisiana House of Representatives for District 91 in 1991, when she was elected to succeed Diana Bajoie, who was the victor in a special election for the District 5 seat in the Louisiana State Senate. <mask> served in the House until 2002, when she was succeeded by Rosalind Peychaud. <mask> served on the New Orleans city council for District B from 2002 to 2006.District B includes the Central Business District, the Garden District, Central City, the Irish Channel, the Lower Garden District and the Touro neighborhood. District 91 covers the precincts located on the southwest side of District B, roughly corresponding to the Irish Channel and the Touro neighborhood. <mask> lost her bid for re-election in 2006, against Stacy Head, another Democrat and a New Orleans attorney. Controversies
In May 2009 <mask>—along with Mose Jefferson, Betty Jefferson, and Angela Coleman (Betty Jefferson's daughter)—was indicted on federal racketeering charges. Mose Jefferson was also facing a separate trial for bribing Orleans Parish School Board president Ellenese Brooks-Simms. The racketeering indictment contained a relationship to the bribery case in that part of the alleged racketeering involved <mask>'s supposed obtaining of $300,000 for a couple of private schools so that they could buy the software which Mose Jefferson, with Ellenese Brooks-Simms' help, also sold to the public schools; according to the indictment, Mose Jefferson's commission on the sales to the private schools was $30,000, of which <mask> pocketed $3500. Within a week of the indictment of <mask>, John Pope reported in the Times-Picayune that <mask> was being appointed to a SUNO position which carries no additional pay.In the same article Pope described Mose Jefferson as "<mask>'s longtime companion"—a situation noted as being "as close as it gets" by columnist Stephanie Grace. <mask>'s appointment to SUNO's Executive Cabinet was immediately criticized by, among others, Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal. Amid astonishment over the appropriateness and timing of the appointment—in that all Louisiana public universities were facing steep budget cuts and suggestions were circulating that SUNO should be merged with the neighboring University of New Orleans—<mask>, with the urging of SUNO chancellor Victor Ukpolo, went on a leave of absence without pay. <mask> had not been seen in public since 22 May 2009 when on June 5 she—along with Mose Jefferson, Betty Jefferson, and Angela Coleman—pleaded "not guilty" before U.S. magistrate Joseph Wilkinson Jr. at the Hale Boggs Federal Building in New Orleans. <mask>'s lawyer was Michael Fawer, who also represents Mose Jefferson in a separate bribery case. At a hearing before U. S. District Judge Ivan L. R. Lemelle on 17 June 2009, lawyers for Betty Jefferson and Angela Coleman requested a delay from the 3 August 2009 start date for the racketeering trial; at the same hearing, however, lawyers for <mask> and Mose Jefferson requested that the racketeering trial begin as scheduled on August 3. On 28 July 2009, Lemelle delayed the start of the racketeering trial to 25 January 2010.On August 4, Fawer unsuccessfully sought (denied by U.S. District Judge Mary Ann Vial Lemmon) to delay Mose Jefferson's bribery trial until after the racketeering trial, because, as summarized by Michael Kunzelman of the Times-Picayune:
<mask> . . . isn't available to testify during the bribery case this month because she is awaiting her own trial next year in a [the] separate but related racketeering conspiracy case. On 21 August 2009 Mose Jefferson was convicted on four felony counts in his bribery trial. On February 24, 2011 one juror's siding with <mask> resulted in a mistrial. The Times-Picayune editorialized over the hung jury, citing what the newspaper called "the criminal enterprise run by some members of the Jefferson family." But, during the retrial, on July 2011, she was found guilty. On September 2, 2014, more than three years after her conviction, <mask> reported to a minimum-security federal prison camp in Florida to begin serving a four-year sentence.Education
A lifelong resident of District B, <mask> attended Holy Ghost Elementary School, Xavier University Preparatory School, Dillard University, and the University of New Orleans.

masks:
Renée Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt
Gill Pratt


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<mask> (born Nakhane Lubabalo Mavuso, 3 February 1988) is a South African singer, songwriter, actor, and novelist. They are formerly known under the stage name Nakhane Touré. Having grown up among a Christian community in Port Elizabeth, at 15 they moved to Johannesburg, leaving the church in 2013 and publicly celebrating their queerness with their debut album Brave Confusion. They found both controversy and critical acclaim with their starring role in John Trengove's 2017 feature film Inxeba (The Wound), and relocated to London to record and release 2018's heavily autobiographical album You Will Not Die. Their work has been championed by Elton John, who interviewed Nakhane on his Beats 1 radio show, and Madonna, who cited them as one of her two favourite artists and said their music influenced her 2019 album Madame X.

Nakhane is non-binary with they/them pronouns. Early life
Nakhane was born <mask> in Alice, a small rural town in South Africa's Eastern Cape, raised by their grandmother until they were five years old. At seven they were adopted by their aunt, whom they has said is “to all intents and purposes” their mother, and their husband, growing up with them in Port Elizabeth, attending a racially-integrated school, where they learnt to speak English.A few years later they changed their surname to theirs, Mahlakahlaka, and, affirming a more distinctive identity, dropped their commonplace middle name. At 15 they moved to Johannesburg. Having known they were gay for a few years, at 17 they came out to their friends and cousins. At 18 they began reading the work of James Baldwin, strongly identifying with the black queer characters; Baldwin became a substantial influence. Nakhane studied two degrees at college – film music composition and acting, then literature, leaving both after a year. At 19, an ex-girlfriend's mother outed Nakhane to their aunt, who took them to prophets who encouraged them to renounce their homosexuality. Meeting a pastor's son, they became devoutly religious, joined a conservative Baptist Church, regularly attended bible studies, undertook gay conversion therapy, and preached against homosexuality.Throughout five years of attempting to deny their homosexuality, during which time they would secretly visit gay clubs, they suffered guilt, fear and self-hatred. They began to doubt the existence of God, and at 25 had a breakdown, sleeping on sofas thanks to compassionate friends the church had told them to cut ties with. they extricated themselves from the church and became more black-conscious. Music career

Beginnings (1995-2007)

Nakhane knew they wanted to be an artist after singing at a Christmas carol concert at the age of seven. Their aunt was a classically trained opera singer and at home would play Handel, Mozart and Bach alongside Marvin Gaye and the O'Jays. At school Nakhane played piano, studied classical trombone, played in a wind band and a steel band, and sang in a choir. As a teenager they were inspired by George Michael's music and unapologetic queerness, and was later influenced by Radiohead, Leonard Cohen, and South African acts such as TKZee, Brenda Fassie, Hugh Maskela and Thandiswa Mazwai.They worked part-time in a music shop, musically educating themself via the CDs they brought home. Acoustic-guitar music and Brave Confusion (2007-2014)

At 19 their aunt bought them an acoustic guitar and they began writing songs, performing in open-mic clubs and eventually getting signed, calling themself <mask> Touré in tribute to Malian musician Ali Farka Touré and as an ode to pan-Africanism. Their debut album, the acoustic guitar-driven Brave Confusion, released on 29 July 2013, was influenced by Ali Farka Touré and West African music. Lyrically it explored race, religion and sexuality. In 2014, Nakhane won the Best Alternative Album award at the South African Music Awards. Although they had left the church, that night their pastor telephoned to tell them they were excommunicated. Electronic music and You Will Not Die (2015-present)

Disillusioned with the folk scene's perceived authenticity, Nakhane began to gravitate towards a more electronic sound.In 2015, they had a club hit, "We Dance Again", with house DJ Black Coffee, then began writing their second album. Nearing their 30s and looking for closure, they wanted to end their 20s “on a positive note instead of an angry and bitter note”, the new songs inspired by their childhood, their family, and their leaving the church. With a new sense of freedom and self-ownership, they dropped their stage surname Touré, viewing You Will Not Die as a rebirth. The album title was taken from Proverbs 23:13, referring to child discipline: ‘If you punish them with the rod, they will not die.' Eschewing acoustic guitar, they wrote it on piano, recording 98% of it with producer Ben Christophers at the latter's London studio; Nakhane settled in the city in February 2018. They wanted to work with electronic drums and synthesisers, and told Christophers they wanted the album to sound like the second side of David Bowie's Low, “but with the spirit of Nina Simone.” It was released on 16 March 2018. Clash Music called it ‘an incredibly beautiful document of self-acceptance, a soaring ode to self-worth, a blissful, remarkably assured piece of creativity.'Q magazine wrote that it was a ‘remarkable' album, ‘defiantly modern and unashamedly emotional.' A deluxe edition, featuring the Anohni collaboration "New Brighton", was released in North America on 22 February 2019. Pitchfork wrote that the album was ‘an instant revelation on its own terms,' calling it ‘strikingly intimate.' In May 2019 it won Best Alternative Album at the South African Music Awards. In June 2019, to mark the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots, sparking the start of the modern LGBTQ rights movement, Queerty named them one of the Pride50 “trailblazing individuals who actively ensure society remains moving towards equality, acceptance and dignity for all queer people”. Acting career

Following the release of Brave Confusion, film director John Trengove contacted Nakhane, asking them if they'd consider making the music for their 2017 film Inxeba (The Wound). After they met, Trengove asked them if they'd audition to play the lead role of factory worker Xolani in the film, which deals with ulwaluko – an Xhosa initiation into manhood involving circumcision, which Nakhane had undertaken aged 20.Due to protests, intimidation and vandalism in response to the film in South Africa, many cinemas cancelled screenings. Having initially been classified as a 16LS, it was then reclassified as X18, a certification usually reserved for hardcore pornography. In response, on social media Nakhane wrote of homophobia, saying they refused ‘to live in shame for your patriarchy to keep on living.' Following “an onslaught” of graphic death threats for their part in the film, they resolved to speak out in the media as much as possible. Despite media perception that they left South Africa because of the threats, they said that they moved to London in order to tour Europe less expensively, but admitted that ‘times were not necessarily nice for me in South Africa,' and said the death threats made it hard to return to the Eastern Cape. The film was selected as the South African entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at 2018's 90th Academy Awards, making the top-nine shortlist. Nakhane won awards for Best Actor at Durban International Film Festival, Palm Springs International Film Festival, South African Film And Television Awards, and Valencia International Film Festival Cinema Jove.The Hollywood Reporter called their performance ‘an impressive screen debut.' The Playlist wrote that they were ‘incredibly affecting as their quiet, secretive, lonely soul.' After watching Inxeba (The Wound) and then listening to their music, John Cameron Mitchell cast Nakhane as Jairo, ‘a young man who struggles with a host of demons', in 2019's Anthem: Homunculus podcast musical. Writing
In 2015, Nakhane's debut novel Piggy Boy's Blues was published, set in their hometowns of Alice and Port Elizabeth and portraying a Xhosa royal family. It was nominated for the Barry Ronge Fiction Prize and the Etisalat Prize for Fiction. Discography

Albums
2013: Brave Confusion
2019: You Will Not Die

Filmography
2017: The Wound - as Xolani
2019: Anthem: Homunculus - as Jairo (8 episodes, TV series)
2020: Two Eyes - as Thandi

References

External links
IMDb: Nakhane Touré page

1988 births
Living people
21st-century South African singers
South African film actors
LGBT writers from South Africa
Lesbian writers
Non-binary musicians
Non-binary actors
LGBT singers
Non-binary writers

masks:
Nakhane Mahlakahlaka
Nakhane Lubabalo Mavuso
Nakhane


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<mask> (born 16 December 1988) is a German professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Bundesliga club Borussia Dortmund and the Germany national team. He came through the Bayern Munich youth academy before joining Borussia Dortmund on loan in January 2008 and officially signing for Dortmund in February 2009 for €4 million. His honours at the club include two league titles and finishing as runner up in the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League. In May 2016, Hummels signed a contract with former side Bayern, which took effect on 1 July 2016. <mask> has been a full international since 2010, earning over 70 caps to date and representing Germany at the 2014 and 2018 FIFA World Cups, and at UEFA Euro 2012, 2016 and 2020. Club career

Bayern Munich: Youth, and 2006–2008
Hummels is a product of Bayern Munich's youth academy, first entering the club as a six-year-old. He signed his first professional contract on 19 December 2006, until 2010.On 19 May 2007, in the season's final match, he played his first Bundesliga match with the first team in a 5–2 home routing of 1. FSV Mainz 05. He also played for the reserve team. He played in one match during the 2005–06 season, 31 matches during the 2006–07 season, and 10 matches during the 2007–08 season. Borussia Dortmund: 2008–2016

In January 2008, <mask> joined Borussia Dortmund, initially on loan. He finished the 2007–08 season with 16 matches played. During his first full season, he quickly established himself as first-choice, as he often partnered newly signed Neven Subotić, but also missed a great part of its final months due to injury.In February 2009, he was fully signed to the club for a fee of €4 million. He finished the 2008–09 season with a goal in 14 matches played. During the following season, <mask> scored five goals in 33 matches played. The 2010–11 season brought increased success for <mask>. He was the regular first-choice centre-back, again paired with Subotić. The duo helped Dortmund to the best defensive record in the Bundesliga, as the team won the league title. <mask>' performances that season displayed great quality in tackling, positioning, passing and composure.He attracted praise from pundits and coaches alike, and he was considered one of the best defenders in the Bundesliga, and in Europe. <mask> finished the 2010–11 season with six goals in 42 matches played. <mask> won the Bundesliga for a second time in 2011–12 as Dortmund set a Bundesliga record with the most points in a Bundesliga season with 81 points. <mask> scored a goal in Dortmund's 5–2 win against Bayern in the 2012 DFB-Pokal Final as the team completed the league and cup double. On 3 June 2012, <mask> signed a new contract that will keep him at Dortmund until the summer of 2017. On 25 May 2013, <mask> was in the Borussia Dortmund line-up that was defeated 2–1 by Bayern Munich at Wembley Stadium, London, in the 2013 UEFA Champions League Final. On 27 July 2013, <mask> was in the Borussia Dortmund line-up that won 4–2 against Bayern Munich at BVB's Signal Iduna Park, Dortmund, in the 2013 DFL-Supercup.<mask> finished his Borussia Dortmund career with two goals in 32 matches played in the 2014–15 season and three goals in 50 matches played during the 2015–16 season. Return to Bayern Munich

2016–17 season
On 10 May 2016, it was confirmed that <mask> would re-join Bayern Munich from 1 July 2016, signing a five-year contract. He made his 2016 debut for Bayern on 14 August 2016 in the German Super Cup final, against his old team and winning 2–0. On 20 August, <mask> scored his first goal for the club in a 5–0 victory over Carl Zeiss Jena during the DFB-Pokal match. On 26 November, <mask> scored his first league goal for the club in a 2–1 win over Bayer Leverkusen. On 24 September, <mask> suffered knee injury in his right knee just before half time and was subbed off in a 1–0 victory over Hamburger SV. He made his comeback as a substitute in the second half in a 1–0 defeat to Atlético Madrid on 29 September.On 11 March 2017, <mask> made a world class goal-saving tackle on Eintracht Frankfurt's Branimir Hrgota by making an amazing run towards him and denied him to score from a clear chance. On 9 April, <mask> missed the Champions League quarter-final first leg against Real Madrid after sustaining an ankle injury in training. On 19 April, he did not fully recover from the injury and had to play the second leg against Real Madrid as defender Javi Martínez was shown red card in the first leg and there was no more backup player in centre-back position, but the match ended 4–2 defeat for his side as they got knocked out from the competition. On 26 April, <mask> scored a goal against his former club Borussia Dortmund in a 2–3 loss in the DFB-Pokal semi-final. He finished the 2016–17 season with three goals and two assists in his forty-one matches. <mask> finished the 2016–17 season with three goals in 42 matches played. 2017–18 season

On 5 August 2017, Hummels started the season in fashion by defeating Borussia Dortmund to win the DFL-Supercup in the penalty-shootout as the match ended 2–2 after extra time.He scored his first goal of the season in a 5–0 victory over Chemnitzer FC in the DFB-Pokal on 12 August. On 1 October, <mask> scored a goal in a 2–2 draw over Hertha BSC. On 18 October, he scored his first Champions League goal for the club in a 3–0 victory over Celtic. <mask> sustained an adductor injury at Bayern's training camp in Doha during the winter break which forced him to miss the league match against Bayer Leverkusen. On 2 February, <mask> played his first match of the year after recovering from the injury in a 2–0 victory over Mainz 05. On 31 March, he made his 50th league appearance for Bayern Munich in a 6–0 victory over Borussia Dortmund. On 28 April, <mask> captained his side for the first time in a 4–1 victory over Eintracht Frankfurt.He finished the season with scoring three goals and provided one assist in his forty appearances. <mask> finished the 2017–18 season with three goals in 41 matches played. 2018–19 season

<mask> started the 2018–19 season by starting in the German Super Cup, which Bayern won 5–0. Hummels had a difficult spell midway through the season as he lost his starting place for several matches. <mask> was criticized for his comments after the 3–2 loss against Dortmund on 10 November 2018. Hummels blamed his poor performance on him being sick. Hummels said he had blurred vision before the match but he still decided to play the match.<mask> had to be substituted in the second half because of his poor performance. On 18 May 2019, <mask> won his fifth Bundesliga title as Bayern finished two points above Dortmund with 78 points. A week later, <mask> won his second DFB-Pokal as Bayern defeated RB Leipzig 3–0 in the 2019 DFB-Pokal Final. <mask> finished the 2018–19 season with two goals in 33 matches played. Return to Dortmund

2019–20 season
On 19 June 2019, Bayern Munich came to an agreement with Borussia Dortmund that would see the 30-year-old rejoin his former club, for a fee of €37 million (£33 million). He finished his time in Bavaria with 8 goals in 116 appearances. Within those three seasons, he won all three Bundesliga campaigns as well as the DFB-Pokal and three DFL-Supercups.International career

<mask> was called by the German under-21 national team for the 2009 UEFA European Under-21 Championship; after getting only minimal playing time during the initial four matches, he started (and performed well) in the final, a 4–0 success against England. He made his senior team debut in a friendly against Malta on 13 May 2010 in Aachen. He came on as a 46th-minute substitute for Serdar Tasci, taking part in a 3–0 win at New Tivoli. <mask> was in the starting line-up for Germany's opening UEFA Euro 2012 match against Portugal and helped them to a 1–0 victory. He subsequently received high praise for his performance. Hummels went on to play all 450 minutes in Germany's Euro campaign, along with teammates Philipp Lahm, Sami Khedira, Bastian Schweinsteiger, Holger Badstuber, and Manuel Neuer. <mask> scored the second goal in Germany's 4–0 win over Portugal in their first game of the 2014 FIFA World Cup on 16 June, heading a corner from Toni Kroos.After missing the team's round of 16 match due to illness, <mask> returned to the team for the quarter-final against France, where he scored the winning goal in a 1–0 victory at the Estádio do Maracanã. On 11 July 2014, <mask> was named on the 10-man shortlist for FIFA's Golden Ball award for the tournament's best player. On 10 November 2017, <mask> captained Germany for the first time in a 0–0 draw with England at Wembley Stadium. On 4 June 2018, <mask> was named in Germany's final 23-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. On 23 June, he missed the second group stage match of the tournament due to a minor injury though his side won the match against Sweden with a 2–1 victory. He returned to the side for the final group fixture against South Korea on 27 June, but missed several chances from headers after moving up front during the second half in Germany's unsuccessful attempts to score; ultimately they were defeated 2–0 and eliminated from the tournament. On 5 March 2019, national team coach Joachim Löw confirmed that he would plan without Hummels for the foreseeable future, along with his club teammates Jérôme Boateng and Thomas Müller.On 19 May 2021, <mask>, along with Müller, was included in Germany's final 26-man squad for UEFA Euro 2020, confirming Low's reversal of his decision to exclude the players from the national side. In his first match of Euro 2020, <mask> scored an own goal to grant France a 1–0 win, which was Germany's first own goal in the competition, and the first in a major tournament since Berti Vogts' own goal in the 1978 FIFA World Cup. Style of play
Regarded as one of the best defenders in the world, <mask> is a large, consistent, and physically strong player, known for his powerful tackling and strength in the air, as well as his ability to read the game and intercept loose balls. A technically gifted and tactically versatile centre-back, he is also capable of playing as a defensive midfielder; his composure, elegance, ball playing ability, and confidence in possession have led him to be compared to compatriot Franz Beckenbauer. Personal life
<mask> was born in Bergisch Gladbach, North Rhine-Westphalia. His father, Hermann Hummels, was a professional footballer and manager. His mother, , was a professional water polo player.His father worked as youth coordinator at Bayern Munich until he was replaced by Stephan Beckenbauer, the son of Franz Beckenbauer, on 30 March 2012. His younger brother Jonas is also a footballer, but had to retire due to injuries. His wife, , was named as Germany's WAG of the year for 2013. Fischer and Hummels married in June 2015. The couple have a son, born on 11 January 2018. In August 2017, he joined the Common Goal Project (an initiative of Juan Mata), being the second footballer to donate 1% of his salary to a collective fund that will support football organizations as a tool to generate sustainable social development throughout the world.

masks:
Mats Julian Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels
Hummels


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<mask> (born 8 January 1947 in Oisu, Järva County, Estonia) is an Estonian entrepreneur, former racing driver, motorsports promoter, musician and politician. From 1999 until 2003, he was Minister of Regional Affairs of the Republic of Estonia. He was a member of IX Riigikogu. His son is racing driver <mask>. Education

<mask> graduated in 1965 as a technologist at Tallinn Technical School of Construction and Mechanical Engineering (now TTK University of Applied Sciences). He received his higher political education from the Marxism-Leninism University of the CC of the ECP, which he graduated from in 1980. He has received further training in economics and business in Luxembourg, Stockholm, and Brussels.Work

•	1971–1991 Deputy head of the Tallinn corporation of Estonian Agricultural Machinery in the field of road transport

•	1991–1999 Chairman of the Management Board of AS Asmer

•	1993–1996 Vice-Chairman of Saue City Council

•	1993–1996 President of the Estonian Karting Association

•	1995–2003 Member of the Board of the Reform Party

•	1996–1997 Chairman of the Management Board of AS Asmer Auto

•	1999–1999 Member of the Estonian Parlament ( Riigikogu )

•	1999–2003 Minister of Regional Affairs of the Republic of Estonia

•	1999-2003 Chairman of the Committee of Granting Support from Gambling Tax

•	1999–2001 Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Regional Development Foundation

•	2001–2003 Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Enterprise Estonia

•	2002–2003 Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Rural Development Foundation

•	2003–2005 Member of the Supervisory Board of AS Eesti Loto

•	2003–2021 Member of the Management Board of OÜ Eleven Est

•	2009–2020 Member of the Management Board of OÜ Italcar

•	2010-... Member of the Management Board of OÜ Rengton

•	2009–... Deputy Chairman of the Board of Advisors of TTK University of Applied Sciences

•	2011–2014 President of the Estonian Karting Association

•	2012–2020 Member of the Board of the Estonian Autosport Union

•	2015–2019 Member of the Management Board of AS Timber

•	2018–2019 Member of the board of MTÜ Suur Võidusõit

•	2019–... Chairman of the Supervisory Board of AS Timber

•	2020–... Member of the Estonian Olympic Committee

•	2021-... President of the Estonian Autosport Union

Sports career

From 1963, <mask> <mask> was involved in motorsports. In 1964 he became the Estonian youth champion in motorcycle hippodrome racing and in 1965 in motocross. In 1970 he became the Estonian adult champion in winter cross and was named a champion racer. He has won many more silver and bronze medals on motocross and road racing at the Estonian Championship. In 1973, Asmer switched to autosport, racing in various formula classes.He started in Formula 4 class, then Formula Eastern, and ended his autosport career in Formula 3 class. From 1979 to 1990, he was a member of the Soviet Union formula  team, winning two silver medals at the Eastern European Championships. He is a six-time champion of the USSR, winning 6 gold medals, 5 silver medals, and 4 bronze medals from the USSR championship. <mask> is also a ten-time Estonian champion. In 1985, he became a Autosport Grand Master. <mask> ended his career as a racer  in 1992. Politics

<mask> <mask> has been a member of the Reform Party since 1994.From 1999 to 2003, he was Minister of Regional Affairs in the government of Mart Laar and in the government of Siim Kallas. AS Asmer Auto

AS Asmer Auto was established in 1995 as a sales representative of Italian cars in Estonia. The company marketed Fiat, Alfa Romeo, and Lancia vehicles, and a nationwide maintenance and repair network was established. A few years later, AS Fakto, which sells Nissans, acquired 100% of the shares of Fiat importer Asmer Auto through an exchange of shares, also starting to control the sale of Fiat vehicles in Estonia. Asmer Auto acquired a share in Public Limited Company Fakto. Music

<mask> <mask> played bass guitar in the Tallinn ensemble Siirius in 1966–1968 and was also a vocal solist. From 1969 he played bass guitar and sang for a few years in the Keila ensemble Õnnelemb and later for a short time in the ensemble Baltika.<mask> later returned to music, in 2006, he sang his first CD, "Teine pool." For Mother's Day 2013, the second CD, "Päikest" was completed in the record factory in cooperation with Peeter Kaljuste. The songs "Soov" and "Päikest" on this album quickly became the most popular songs on many radio stations. For Christmas, the album "Koduküla jõulud" was released, with songs together with Merle Lilje, Peeter Kaljuste, and RAM's Lõbusate Poiste Bänd. However, the greatest recognition in music came in March 2014, when he was awarded the Male Artist of the Year award at the Estonian Pop Music Gold Record 2014 awards gala. In December 2015, <mask>'s third CD, "Sind ma leian ..." and in cooperation with Merle Lilje and Peeter Kaljuste, a CD with Christmas songs "3 purjelaeva" was released. For the Christmas of the Year 2018, the album of 3 CDs, "Las mööduvad aastad" was completed with <mask> in the series "Estonian Gold."This is a summary of previous music performances, and the album is composed of <mask>'s most popular songs, featuring Merle Lilje, Peeter Kaljuste, and Kuldar Kalluste. Personal

<mask> <mask> is married to Kristel <mask>. He is the father of five children, his son Marko <mask> is a well-known formula driver. Urmas Ott wrote in 2007 a book: "Asmerid. Topeltpeeglis" (The Asmers. In double mirror) about <mask> and Marko <mask>. <mask> <mask>'s hobbies are classical music, theater, and cinema.He speaks English, Russian, and Finnish. References

Living people
1947 births
Estonian Reform Party politicians
Members of the Riigikogu, 1999–2003
Estonian racing drivers
Estonian motorsport people
Estonian businesspeople
Government ministers of Estonia
Estonian rock guitarists
20th-century Estonian male singers
Estonian rock singers
21st-century Estonian male singers
People from Türi Parish

masks:
Toivo Asmer
Marko Asmer
Asmer
Toivo
Asmer
Asmer
Asmer
Toivo
Asmer
Toivo
Asmer
Asmer
Toivo
Toivo
Asmer
Toivo
Asmer
Asmer
Asmer
Toivo
Asmer
Toivo
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<mask>'Donovan ( , ; born November 18, 1982) is an Irish-American singer and Grammy award-winning songwriter. She is best known as the lead singer for the string band Crooked Still and she also co-founded the Grammy Award-winning female folk trio I'm with Her. She has released three critically acclaimed studio albums: Fossils (2013), In the Magic Hour (2016), and Man in a Neon Coat: Live from Cambridge (2016), as well as multiple noteworthy EPs, including Blue Light (2010), Peachstone (2012), In the Magic Hour: Solo Sessions (2019), and Bull Frog's Croon (and Other Songs) (2020). She also spent a decade contributing to the radio variety shows Live from Here and A Prairie Home Companion. Her first professional engagement was singing lead for the folk group The Wayfaring Strangers. O'Donovan has performed with the Boston Pops Orchestra, the Kansas City Symphony, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Louisville Orchestra, and the Utah Symphony Orchestra. In 2012, she sang on most of the tracks on the album Be Still by the jazz group the Dave Douglas Quintet, featuring trumpeter Dave Douglas.During the summer of 2013, she toured with Garrison Keillor and his A Prairie Home Companion Radio Romance Tour. She also performed at the Roskilde Festival in Denmark 2014. In summer 2017, she joined Garrison Keillor's Prairie Home "Love and Comedy" Tour. She has performed, recorded and collaborated with a large variety of acclaimed musicians including Ollabelle, Karan Casey and Seamus Egan, Jerry Douglas, Jim Lauderdale, Darol Anger, Sarah Jarosz, Sara Watkins, Christina Courtin, Chris Thile (Nickel Creek, Punch Brothers), Noam Pikelny (Punch Brothers), Edgar Meyer, Stuart Duncan, Greensky Bluegrass, Kronos Quartet and Yo-Yo Ma. Her songwriting has also led her to be featured in films and television and came to the attention of Alison Krauss, who recorded Aoife's song "Lay My Burden Down" on her album Paper Airplane (2011 Rounder Records) and is used in the film Get Low (2010 Sony Pictures). She has had songs placed on True Blood (HBO) and Private Practice (ABC). Life and career
O'Donovan grew up in Newton, Massachusetts.She spent her summers in Ireland singing songs with her extended family. She became interested in American folk music through artists such as Joan Baez and Bob Dylan. Aoife went on to study contemporary improvisation at the New England Conservatory of Music, where she graduated in 2003. In 2016, she wed Eric Jacobsen, giving birth to their daughter Ivy Jo in 2017. Crooked Still
O'Donovan and Corey DiMario met at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston, Massachusetts, in the spring of 2001. Former cellist Rushad Eggleston, who was studying at Berklee College of Music, and Gregory Liszt, a graduate student at MIT, were playing music together around the same time, and when the four met that summer, they formed the band Crooked Still. The group grew in popularity by playing Boston area venues.The group was invited to perform at the Newport Folk Festival and Falcon Ridge Folk Festival, the same year they released their debut album, Hop High. Crooked Still has toured in 23 states and several countries. In August 2006, the group released their second album, Shaken by a Low Sound. In November 2007, cellist Rushad Eggleston parted ways with the band to pursue his own music. In January 2008 two new members joined the band: cellist Tristan Clarridge and fiddler Brittany Haas. The band released its first album with the new lineup Still Crooked in 2008, a live album in 2009, a studio full-length Some Strange Country in 2010 and an EP Friends of Fall in October 2011. Sometymes Why
Contemporary/neo-traditional folk noir trio Sometymes Why was formed in 2005 by O'Donovan, Kristin Andreassen and Ruth Ungar Merenda.They came together from other bands, including Uncle Earl the Jolly Bankers (Andreassen), Crooked Still, the Wild Band of Snee, the Wayfaring Strangers (O'Donovan), The Mammals and Jay Ungar & Molly Mason's Family Band (Merenda). Sometymes Why released their debut cd in 2005 titled Sometimes Why, followed by Your Heart Is A Glorious Machine in 2009. Since 2010
In June 2010, O'Donovan released her first solo recording, Blue Light, in the form of a limited edition 7" vinyl. O'Donovan is the guest vocalist on the 2013 Grammy winning The Goat Rodeo Sessions (2011 Sony Masterworks), an album recorded by cellist Yo-Yo Ma, bassist Edgar Meyer, mandolinist Chris Thile and fiddler Stuart Duncan. The album includes two vocal tracks featuring O'Donovan and Chris Thile. O'Donovan co-wrote one of those tracks, "Here And Heaven", with Meyer, Thile and Duncan. In November 2012, Aoife signed a deal with Yep Roc Records.A single, "Red & White & Blue & Gold" was released April 2, 2013, and her full-length debut album, "Fossils", produced by Tucker Martine, was released on June 11, 2013. Aoife has toured with the Punch Brothers, Transatlantic Sessions, the Milk Carton Kids, Elephant Revival, The Goat Rodeo Sessions and The Lone Bellow, makes frequent appearances on Chris Thile's Live From Here as well as headlining performances both in the US and abroad. In 2015, Aoife toured extensively with Sara Watkins (a founding member of Nickel Creek) and Sarah Jarosz under the combined tour banner of "I'm With Her". This combo came about after an impromptu performance at the 2014 Telluride Bluegrass Festival. The trio released their debut album See You Around on Rounder Records in 2018. In 2016, Aoife released her sophomore solo studio album on Yep Roc Records, titled In The Magic Hour. On September 9, she also released the live album Man In A Neon Coat: Live From Cambridge, also on Yep Roc Records.In 2018, Aoife wrote and recorded an original song titled "Are You There" for Elizabeth Chomko's short-film What They Had starring Hilary Swank. In 2019, Aoife and her band I'm with Her won a Grammy Award for Best American Roots Song for their song "Call My Name". In 2020, Aoife released her string quartet EP, Bullfrog's Croon (and Other Songs). As a solo artist she was inter alia part of the Newport Folk Festival in July 2021. In 2022, O'Donovan released Age of Apathy, a solo record produced by Joe Henry with guest performances by Allison Russell and Madison Cunningham. O'Donovan lives in Brooklyn, NY. Discography

Solo recordings

With Sometymes Why

With Crooked Still

With I'm With Her

Videos

As guest artist

References

External links
Aoife O'Donovan Official website

Crooked Still

Sometymes Why

I'm With Her (group) official website

American folk singers
American women singer-songwriters
Singer-songwriters from New York (state)
American people of Irish descent
Living people
1982 births
Musicians from Boston
New England Conservatory alumni
21st-century American singers
21st-century American women singers
I'm with Her (band) members
Sometymes Why members
Crooked Still members
Yep Roc Records artists
Sugar Hill Records artists
Signature Sounds artists
American expatriates in Ireland
Singer-songwriters from Massachusetts