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 explodes at the test site in New Mexico. Characters include Oppenheimer and his wife Kitty, Edward Teller, General Leslie Groves, and Robert Wilson. Two years later, <mask> extracted music from the opera to create the three-movement Doctor Atomic Symphony. After Doctor Atomic
<mask>' next opera, A Flowering Tree (2006) with libretto by <mask> and Sellars, is based on a folktale from the Kannada language of southern India as translated by A.K. Ramanujan about a young girl who discovers that she has the magic ability to transform into a flowering tree. The two-act opera was commissioned as part of the Vienna New Crowned Hope Festival to celebrate the 250th anniversary of Mozart's birth. As such, it has many parallels with Mozart's The Magic Flute, including its themes of "magic, transformation and the dawning of moral awareness."<mask> wrote three pieces for the St. Lawrence String Quartet: his First Quartet (2008), his concerto for string quartet and orchestra, Absolute Jest (2012), and his Second Quartet (2014). Both Absolute Jest and the Second Quartet are based on fragments from Beethoven, with Absolute Jest using music from his late quartets (specifically Opus 131, Opus 135 and the Große Fuge) and the Second Quartet drawing from Beethoven's Opus 110 and 111 piano sonatas. From 2011 to 2013, <mask> wrote his two-act Passion oratorio, The Gospel According to the Other Mary, a decade after his Nativity oratorio, El Niño. The work focuses on the final few weeks of the life of Jesus from the point of view of "the other Mary", Mary of Bethany (sometimes mis-identified as Mary Magdalene), her sister Martha, and her brother, Lazarus. The libretto by Peter Sellars draws its texts from the Old Testament and New Testament of the Bible and from Rosario Castellanos, Rubén Darío, Dorothy Day, Louise Erdrich, Hildegard von Bingen, June Jordan, and Primo Levi. Scheherazade.2 (2014) is a four-movement "dramatic symphony" for violin and orchestra. Written for violinist Leila Josefowicz who frequently performed <mask>' Violin Concerto and The Dharma at Big Sur, the work was inspired by the character Scheherazade (from One Thousand and One Nights) who, after being forced into marriage, recounts tales to her husband in order to delay her death.<mask> associated modern examples of suffering and injustice towards women around the world, with acts in Tahrir Square during the Egyptian revolution of 2011, Kabul, and comments from The Rush Limbaugh Show. <mask>' most recent opera, Girls of the Golden West (2017), with a libretto by Sellars based on historical sources, is set in mining camps during the California Gold Rush of the 1850s. Sellars described the opera this way: "These true stories of the Forty-Niners [a name for people who took part in the 1849 Gold Rush] are overwhelming in their heroism, passion and cruelty, telling tales of racial conflicts, colorful and humorous exploits, political strife and struggles to build anew a life and to decide what it would mean to be American." Personal life
<mask> was married to Hawley Currens, a music teacher, from 1970 to 1974. He is married to photographer Deborah O'Grady, with whom he has a daughter, Emily, and a son, the composer Samuel Carl <mask>. Musical style

The music of <mask> is usually categorized as minimalist or post-minimalist, although in an interview he said that his music is part of the 'post-style' era at the end of the twentieth century. While <mask> employs minimalist techniques, such as repeating patterns, he is not a strict follower of the movement.Though <mask> did adopt much of the minimalist technique of predecessors Steve Reich and Philip Glass, his writing synthesizes this with the immense orchestral textures of Wagner, Mahler and Sibelius. Comparing Shaker Loops to the minimalist composer Terry Riley's piece In C, <mask> remarked:

Many of <mask>'s ideas in composition are a reaction to the philosophy of serialism and its depictions of "the composer as scientist". The Darmstadt School of twelve tone composition was dominant during the time that <mask> was receiving his college education, and he compared class to a "mausoleum where we would sit and count tone-rows in Webern". <mask> experienced a musical epiphany after reading <mask>'s book Silence (1973), which he claimed "dropped into [his] psyche like a time bomb". Cage posed fundamental questions about what music was, and regarded all types of sounds as viable sources of music. This perspective offered to <mask> a liberating alternative to the rule-based techniques of serialism. Cage's own music, however, <mask> found equally restricting.At this point, <mask> began to experiment with electronic music, and his experiences are reflected in the writing of Phrygian Gates (1977–78), in which the constant shifting between modules in Lydian mode and Phrygian mode refers to activating electronic gates rather than architectural ones. <mask> explained that working with synthesizers caused a "diatonic conversion", a reversion to the belief that tonality was a force of nature. Some of <mask>'s compositions are an amalgamation of different styles. One example is Grand Pianola Music (1981–82), a humorous piece that purposely draws its content from musical cliches. In The Dharma at Big Sur, <mask> draws from literary texts such as Jack Kerouac, Gary Snyder, and Henry Miller to illustrate the California landscape. <mask> professes his love of other genres other than classical music; his parents were jazz musicians, and he has also listened to rock music, albeit only passively. <mask> once claimed that originality wasn't an urgent concern for him the way it was necessary for the minimalists and compared his position to that of Gustav Mahler, J.S.Bach, and Johannes Brahms, who "were standing at the end of an era and were embracing all of the evolutions that occurred over the previous thirty to fifty years". <mask>, like other minimalists of his time (e.g. Philip Glass), used a steady pulse that defines and controls the music. The pulse was best known from Terry Riley's early composition In C, and slowly more and more composers used it as a common practice. Jonathan Bernard highlighted this adoption by comparing Phrygian Gates, written in 1977, and Fearful Symmetries written eleven years later in 1988. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, <mask> started to add a new character to his music, which he called "the Trickster". The Trickster allowed <mask> to use the repetitive style and rhythmic drive of minimalism, yet poke fun at it at the same time.When <mask> commented on his own characterization of particular minimalist music, he stated that he went joyriding on "those Great Prairies of non-event". Critical reception

Overview
<mask> won the Pulitzer Prize for Music in 2003 for his 9/11 memorial piece, On the Transmigration of Souls. Response to his output as a whole has been more divided, and <mask>'s works have been described as both brilliant and boring in reviews that stretch across both ends of the rating spectrum. Shaker Loops has been described as "hauntingly ethereal", while 1999's Naïve and Sentimental Music has been called "an exploration of a marvelously extended spinning melody". The New York Times called 1996's Hallelujah Junction "a two-piano work played with appealingly sharp edges", and 2001's American Berserk "a short, volatile solo piano work". The most critically divisive pieces in <mask>'s collection are his historical operas. At first release, Nixon in China received mostly negative press feedback.Donal Henahan, writing in The New York Times, called the Houston Grand Opera world premiere of the work "worth a few giggles but hardly a strong candidate for the standard repertory" and "visually striking but coy and insubstantial". James Wierzbicki for the St. Louis Post-Dispatch described <mask>'s score as the weak point in an otherwise well-staged performance, noting the music as "inappropriately placid", "cliché-ridden in the abstract" and "[trafficked] heavily in <mask>'s worn-out Minimalist clichés". With time, however, the opera has come to be revered as a great and influential production. Robert Hugill for Music and Vision called the production "astonishing ... nearly twenty years after its premier", while The Guardian'''s Fiona Maddocks praised the score's "diverse and subtle palette" and <mask>' "rhythmic ingenuity". More recently, The New York Times writer Anthony Tommasini commended <mask> for his work conducting the American Composers Orchestra. The concert, which took place in April 2007 at Carnegie Hall, was a celebratory performance of <mask>'s work on his sixtieth birthday. Tommasini called <mask> a "skilled and dynamic conductor", and noted that the music "was gravely beautiful yet restless".Klinghoffer controversy

The opera The Death of Klinghoffer has been criticized as antisemitic by some, including by the Klinghoffer family. Leon Klinghoffer's daughters, Lisa and Ilsa, after attending the opera, released a statement saying: "We are outraged at the exploitation of our parents and the coldblooded murder of our father as the centerpiece of a production that appears to us to be anti-Semitic." In response to these accusations of antisemitism, composer and Oberlin College professor Conrad Cummings wrote a letter to the editor defending Klinghoffer as "the closest analogue to the experience of Bach's audience attending his most demanding works", and noted that, as a person of Jewish descent, he "found nothing anti-Semitic about the work". After the September 11 attacks in 2001, performances by the Boston Symphony Orchestra of excerpts from Klinghoffer were canceled. BSO managing director Mark Volpe remarked of the decision: "We originally programmed the choruses from <mask>' The Death of Klinghoffer because we believe in it as a work of art, and we still hold that conviction. ... [Tanglewood Festival Chorus members] explained that it was a purely human reason, and that it wasn't in the least bit a criticism of the work." <mask> and Klinghoffer librettist Alice Goodman criticized the decision, and <mask> rejected a request to substitute a performance of Harmonium, saying: "The reason that I asked them not to do Harmonium was that I felt that Klinghoffer is a serious and humane work, and it's also a work about which many people have made prejudicial judgments without even hearing it.I felt that if I said, 'OK, Klinghoffer is too hot to handle, do Harmonium, that in a sense I would be agreeing with the judgment about Klinghoffer.' " In response to an article by the San Francisco Chronicles David Wiegand denouncing the BSO decision, musicologist and critic Richard Taruskin accused the work of catering to "anti-American, anti-Semitic and anti-bourgeois" prejudices. A 2014 revival by the Metropolitan Opera reignited debate. Former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani, who marched in protest against the production, wrote: "This work is both a distortion of history and helped, in some ways, to foster a three decade long feckless policy of creating a moral equivalency between the Palestinian Authority, a corrupt terrorist organization, and the state of Israel, a democracy ruled by law." Current mayor Bill de Blasio criticized Giuliani's participation in the protests, and Oskar Eustis, the artistic director of The Public Theater, said in support of the production: "It is not only permissible for the Met to do this piece – it's required for the Met to do the piece. It is a powerful and important opera." A week after watching a Met performance of the opera, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg said "there was nothing anti-Semitic about the opera," and characterized the portrayal of the Klinghoffers as "very strong, very brave", and the terrorists as "bullies and irrational".List of works

Operas and stage works

 Nixon in China (1987)
 The Death of Klinghoffer (1991)
 I Was Looking at the Ceiling and Then I Saw the Sky (song play) (1995)
 El Niño (opera-oratorio) (2000)
 Doctor Atomic (2005)
 A Flowering Tree (2006)
 The Gospel According to the Other Mary (opera-oratorio) (2013)
 Girls of the Golden West (2017)
 Antony and Cleopatra (2022)

Orchestral works
 Common Tones in Simple Time (1979)
 Grand Pianola Music (1982)
 Shaker Loops (adaptation of the 1978 string septet for string orchestra) (1983)
 Harmonielehre (1985)
 The Chairman Dances (1985)
 Tromba Lontana (1986)
 Short Ride in a Fast Machine (1986)
 Fearful Symmetries (1988)
 El Dorado (1991)
 Lollapalooza (1995)
 Slonimsky's Earbox (1996)
 Naïve and Sentimental Music (1998)
 Guide to Strange Places (2001)
 My Father Knew Charles Ives (2003)
 Doctor Atomic Symphony (2007)
 City Noir (2009)
 I Still Dance (2019)

Concertante
piano
 Eros Piano (for piano and orchestra) (1989)
 Century Rolls (concerto for piano and orchestra) (1997)
 Must the Devil Have All the Good Tunes? "<mask>ledge, 2005. Daines, Matthew. "The Death of Klinghoffer by <mask>", American Music vol. 16, no.3 (Autumn 1998), pp. 356–358. [review]
Richardson, <mask>. "<mask>: A Portrait and a Concert of American Music", American Music vol. 23, no. 1 (Spring 2005), pp. 131–133.[review]
Rimer, J. Thomas. "Nixon in China by <mask>", American Music vol. 12, no. 3 (Autumn 1994), pp. 338–341. [review]
Schwarz, K. Robert. "Process vs. Intuition in the Recent Works of Steve Reich and <mask>", American Music vol.8, no. 3 (Autumn 1990), pp. 245–273. External links

 Profile, Boosey & Hawkes
 Profile, Cdmc

 Programs regarding <mask>, NPR Music

 Specific operas "Doctor Atomic: An Opera by <mask> and Peter Sellars" on doctor-atomic.com. References 2005 world premiere performances at the San Francisco Opera. Essay on Doctor Atomic by Thomas May. "The Myth of History": Interview with <mask> and Peter Sellars about Nixon in ChinaInterviews'''
 "A Vast Synthesising Approach", interview with Robert Davidson, February 27, 1999

 "An American Portrait: Composer <mask> Novello Award winners
Living people
Male opera composers
Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
Minimalist composers
Musicians from Worcester, Massachusetts
Nonesuch Records artists
Oratorio composers
Political music artists
Pulitzer Prize for Music winners
Pupils of Earl Kim
Pupils of Leon Kirchner
Pupils of Roger Sessions
San Francisco Conservatory of Music

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<mask> (née <mask>, October 1, 1935 – April 1, 1982) was an American pop and jazz singer. She was the second wife of bandleader Stan Kenton. She had a short career in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Early life, musical education and influences
<mask> was born <mask> on October 1, 1935, in San Diego, California, but raised to the north in Albany, California. Her father William left the family after <mask>'s mother had an affair and child with one of her students. By 1940, her mother Bernice was divorced and <mask>'s mother's maiden name of <mask> was adopted. Her mother taught school and also wanted her daughter to become a teacher.<mask>' mother gave <mask> piano lessons and discovered <mask> could sing at the age of 15. In nearby Oakland, <mask> babysat for Judy Davis, who was the later vocal coach of Judy Garland, Barbra Streisand and Frank Sinatra. She tended after Davis's children in exchange for vocal lessons. Unbeknownst to her mother, <mask> would go out late at night to sing in clubs, getting experience in the bay area as a jazz and pop singer. Tour with Charlie Barnet and Hollywood
Early in 1954, <mask> moved into a young women's residence in San Francisco and studied for three months at San Francisco State University to be a teacher. That same year, band leader Charlie Barnet heard <mask> at the El Patio Ballroom in San Francisco and hired her for a five-month tour as his band's primary female singer. Shortly after the tour with Barnett, she moved to Hollywood.On Thanksgiving of 1954, <mask> sang at the La Madelon restaurant on the Sunset Strip. Notable songwriters Joe Greene and Eddie Beal were in attendance that evening and were so impressed with <mask>' performance that they booked her to record a demo. Shortly after, Greene and Beal played the finished demo for Stan Kenton, with whom they'd had numerous successful collaborations, as well as for Pete Rugolo. Kenton contacted <mask> and hired her as his new singer the day they met in his office on Robertson Blvd. <mask> recalled, "He (Stan) asked me one question: What do you want to do with your career? I said, 'Mr. Kenton, if I had a choice of singing with Guy Lombardo and making lots of money or making sixty bucks a week singing jazz, I'd rather spend the rest of my life singing jazz.'He said, 'Okay, you're hired.'" Much like when June Christy had begun working with Kenton 10 years earlier at 19 years of age, <mask> was starting at this age with the Kenton organization in 1955, coming in after singer Chris Connor, who left the band in 1953. <mask> had long aspired to be a part of the Kenton musical legacy and fame. Stan Kenton and Capitol Records
Very shortly after joining the Kenton organization, <mask> would record her first tracks with the orchestra on January 25, March 30 and May 15, 1955, at Capitol Studios in Hollywood. The sessions were scheduled to highlight her, with several pop singles produced from those dates, including "A-Ting-A-Ling", "Freddy"/"Winter In Madrid" and "The Handwriting's on the Wall". Her initial recordings never produced the hits Kenton was looking for at the time. The most notable and mature of these initial 1955 singles with Kenton come from a July 22, 1955 session: <mask> sings two Bill Holman arrangements of the standards "Black Coffee" and "The Thrill Is Gone", recorded at Universal Studios in Chicago.During that first summer with the Kenton organization, she would make a notable July 26 appearance on the CBS summer television broadcast Music '55. Burt Korall of Metronome magazine heard the Stan Kenton Orchestra at Birdland in New York City and praised <mask> as the band's new "big commercial asset", noting her jazz feeling, intonation and star quality. By October 1955, Down Beat magazine named her the "best female band singer of the year." Initially, most of the romantic time <mask> spent with Kenton was while they were touring, and not always to the approval of the band. Kenton took <mask> out on a first date to Glenn Wallichs' house in Beverly Hills to view a television pilot of Music '55, which sparked the romance between <mask> and Kenton. <mask> married Kenton shortly thereafter, on October 18, 1955, in Detroit. Ironically, the two newlyweds would buy Wallichs' home at the time of their marriage to raise a family.<mask>' appearances on Kenton's LP releases for Capitol Records began with Kenton with Voices (1957), where she is a featured soloist on three tracks, including vocalese scatting on Gene Roland's Opus in Chartreuse. In the late 1950s, shortly after the birth of the couple's two children, <mask> was again regularly touring with the Kenton orchestra. (She had flown back to the U.S. in the middle of the UK tour, due to stress during pregnancy). From February 7 to April 19, 1958, she performed on weekends with Kenton at Balboa. During that time, Kenton helped her secure a recording contract with Capitol. The record label supported her exclusively, featuring <mask> on two high exposure releases backed by full studio orchestra. She was paired with conductor Brian Farnon and arranger Warren Barker for her debut album, I'm Shooting High (1958).The Many Moods of <mask> was then recorded with Capitol and released in 1960, with music arranged by Bill Holman, Ralph Carmichael and Tak Shindo.Shindo's Japanese folk style arrangement of Jerome Moross's "Lazy Afternoon" is especially notable for <mask>, featuring her "vocal beauty and dramatic flair." In 1960, <mask> was featured at Carnegie Hall with the Kenton orchestra and also appeared on Steve Allen’s NBC-TV show. Recorded at Capitol in July 1960, Two Much! was released in 1961, featuring <mask> with the Stan Kenton orchestra. Noted as the highlight of her recording career, she is backed by arrangements from Bill Holman, <mask> and Gene Roland. In a glowing review of Two Much!, Billboard magazine predicted <mask> would take her place amongst past Kenton singing stars such as Anita O'Day, June Christy, and Chris Connor. By August 1961, <mask>' personal and professional relationship with Kenton came to a quick end after she posed for Playboy magazine and concurrently signed a contract with Atco Records without Kenton's knowledge.The cover of her 1961 Atco release Ann, Man! was taken from her June 1961 Playboy photo shoot. 1962 - 1982
By 1962, <mask> was in demand at jazz clubs all over the country, including Playboy Clubs, due to her pictorial in the magazine. Her Atco release, Ann, Man!, was an album of bluesy, sexual songs, backed by trumpeter Jack Sheldon and guitarist Barney Kessel. In 1963, <mask> continued to have professional success, opening for George Shearing on a tour of Japan. In June 1963, she appeared on the syndicated Ray Anthony Show as a featured artist. That same year, she obtained a regular singing engagement at The Losers jazz club in Hollywood.Her next release was a live album recorded for Vee-Jay Records, Live...at "The Losers". It sold disappointingly. As rock & roll grew in popularity, singers like <mask> were becoming passé. In March 1964, <mask> appeared as a musical guest on The New Steve Allen Show. In 1965, she had a brief cameo as a bar patron in Angel's Flight, a lesser known B-movie. After this time, her singing career never regained the traction she enjoyed in the late 1950s and early 1960s. By the mid-'70s, <mask> had become the resident singer in the lounge of the upscale Hotel Bel-Air in Los Angeles, backed by pianist Bud Herrmann.Film critic Rex Reed said that "She performed half a set seated at my table, with a mic in one hand and a scotch in the other", and added that "she sang like a dream." Her last major singing tour was in Japan in December 1981. She had lost her regular singing engagement at the Hotel Bel-Air after coming home from Japan and was in serious financial straits due to her second husband's financial dealings. Personal life
On October 18, 1955, <mask> married Stan Kenton. Soon after, they had two children: Dana Lynn and Lance. <mask> was only 20 years of age at the time and 23 years Kenton's junior. In 1961, after six years of marriage, they separated and eventually divorced.In 1961, <mask> posed for a nude layout in Playboy magazine's June 1961 issue. She signed a contract to record with Atco without her husband's knowledge. The Playboy shoot was also done without Kenton's knowledge; he found out about it while playing at the Aragon Ballroom in Chicago when handed the magazine by Charles Suber, who was the publisher of Down Beat magazine at the time. Kenton then filed for divorce from <mask> in August 1961. Kenton won custody of their two children and <mask> agreed to a settlement of $50,000 and declined alimony. Her divorce money bought her a small house in the Hollywood Hills. Eventually she took a secretarial job to augment her singing income in the mid-1960s.According to Kenton's third wife, <mask> Hill, he was secretly sending <mask> checks in order to help with her living expenses. In late 1978, she married her second husband, Bill Botts (Frederick William Botts Jr.). She had been introduced to him through her pianist, Bill Marx. By 1980, the two were separated. <mask> struggled with drug and alcohol problems until her death in April 1982. In 1980, her son, Lance Kenton, was sentenced to a year in jail and three years' probation in a high-profile case in Los Angeles for helping to put a rattlesnake in the mailbox of lawyer Paul Morantz. Morantz had handled a successful civil suit against the controversial drug rehabilitation organization Synanon.Kenton was a member of the Imperial Marines, Synanon's internal security force. Death and controversy
<mask> was found dead on April 1, 1982 at her home in the Hollywood Hills, her death ruled a suicide by the Los Angeles Police Department. Her estranged husband during that time, Bill Botts, found the body. <mask>' death is still considered controversial. There was a bullet wound in <mask>' right temple with a rifle lying close by in the room. A letter was also there, seemingly written by <mask>, which discussed the singer's depression. The police read it as a suicide note, although according to her daughter, Dana Kenton, it voiced no clear motive for the death.When visiting the house after the body had been removed, Kenton found cocaine and marijuana that had been planted in the house, which were later revealed to be fake. Both Dana and Lance Kenton pushed for a further investigation with the LAPD, but were unsuccessful. Due to connections with insurance policies on <mask>' life, Botts has been suspected to be involved, though this claim is unsubstantiated. Later, <mask>' close friend Ted Sitterley requested the police report but was turned down. The LAPD currently lists the police report as unavailable and perhaps destroyed. Botts later appeared to claim his share of <mask>' estate; she had left no will. "We argued all the way down to a vacuum cleaner," Dana Kenton said."He took my mom for every penny she had." In 1982 her friend Donna Shore organized a memorial for <mask> at Carmelo's Jazz Club in Sherman Oaks, California. Albert Marx, Jack Sheldon, Lou Levy, and Bill Henderson paid tribute. Discography
 Kenton with Voices with Stan Kenton (Capitol, 1957)
 I'm Shooting High (Capitol, 1958)
 The Many Moods of <mask> (Capitol, 1960)
 Two Much! (Capitol, 1961)
 Ann, Man! (Atco, 1961)
 Live at The Losers (Vee-Jay, 1963)
 I Hear Music (Total Recording, 1993)

Film and Television
 Music 55 (1955)
 Hideout in the Sun (1960)
 The Ray Anthony Show (1963)
 The New Steve Allen Show (1964)
 Angel's Flight (1965)

References

External links

 <mask> at the Library of Congress

American jazz singers
American women jazz singers
Suicides by firearm in California
1982 suicides
1935 births
Musicians from San Diego
Capitol Records artists
Atco Records artists
20th-century American singers
20th-century American women singers
Jazz musicians from California

masks:
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<mask> (24 June 1959), also known by his moniker <mask>, is a French singer-songwriter, musician, news correspondent and football journalist who has been active from the mid-1980s onwards. He is associated with the short-lived él record label, where he served as an in-house writer and producer. Solo career
Born in Normandy and raised on a fruit farm, <mask> first recorded for Belgian label Les Disques du Crépuscle, under the names "The Border Boys" (the Tribute 12-inch EP, produced by Andy Paley, who'd worked with The Ramones and the Modern Lovers previously), and 'The Arcadians' (one single and one album, It's a Mad, Mad World, 1986, later re-released on a variety of labels as Let's Pretend). On the advice of A&R man Mike Alway, <mask> moved to London in late 1986, and soon became one of the major figures of cult indie label él Records (1986–1989), a subsidiary of Cherry Red Records for which he recorded five singles and three albums (Appointment With Venus, 1987; Ivory Tower, 1988; Yuri Gagarin, 1989). He also appeared in one guise or another — as songwriter, arranger, backing vocalist or instrumentalist — on more than half of all the label's releases. él, now considered to be one of the most influential labels of its time, was, however, not a commercial success in the UK; but it scored a string of independent hits in Japan, where <mask> (whose "You Mary You" was él's best-selling single) became an iconic figure for the so-called Shibuya-kei, or 'Shibuya Sound'. Following the demise of él in 1989, he turned to Japan to pursue his career, with the support of celebrity fans such as Cornelius.A number of albums followed, all of them released on the Trattoria label: Rainfall, 1991; Jean Renoir, 1992, both of them recorded with multi-instrumentalist Dean Brodrick; Delta Kiss, 1993; Sunshine, produced by Bertrand Burgalat, 1994; Jackie Girl, 1996, the first of his records to feature XTC guitarist Dave Gregory; Azure, recorded with the Prague Philharmonic Orchestra, and Nusch, a collection of Francis Poulenc mélodies, 1999. All these albums were conceived and realised with the help of long-time collaborator, pianist and double-bassist Danny Manners. Trattoria's help enabled him to find licenses for these records, first in France, Britain and Spain, then in the US. These critically well-received records consolidated his "cult" status in the indiepop world; a couple of them charted: "L'Hiver te va bien" reached the Top 30 in France in 1994, while "She Means Everything To Me" reached the no.1 spot on the Campus Radio Charts in the US in 1998, following an appearance at New York's CMJ Music Marathon. Collaborations
<mask> has enjoyed a parallel career as an arranger, producer and instrumentalist since the late 1980s. The artists he's worked with or for include Valérie Lemercier, April March, P. J. Proby, Martin Newell, Sean O'Hagan of The High Llamas, Mathilde Santing, Towa Tei, Nina Morato, Cinnamon, Humbert Humbert, Laïla Amezian, La Buena Vida, The Clientele, Keiichi Suzuki and Hirokazu Tanaka (contributing to the arranged soundtrack for the Famicom video game Mother in 1989. ), Big Big Train (the albums English Electric Part One and English Electric Part Two), Ralegh Long, Bertrand Burgalat and others.A collaboration of note was the album 9th & 13th (Tricatel, 2001), in which he teamed up with Danny Manners and novelist Jonathan Coe, to produce musical settings for the latter's writings. Jonathan Coe, who had contributed the sleevenotes to Azure, and had used a verse of his song "Yuri Gagarin" as an epigraph for his best-seller What a Carve Up!, has also written a number of lyrics for him since My Favourite Part of You (2002). Recent projects
<mask> has worked with Young Marble Giants leader Stuart Moxham since the 1990s; the duo have played a number of live dates and released a CD, The Huddle House, in 2007. That CD was released on Auclair's own record label, Wonder Records, in London. <mask> arranged and co-produced <mask> May's debut CD tell me something that is new (Folkwit Records) in 2010 and completed the same singer's debut album in April 2015. Releases include My Favourite Part of You (2002) and The Wonder of it All (2004). A live double-album was released in February 2007, followed by a new studio album, entitled An Unknown Spring, in May of the same year.The Ocean Tango, conceived and recorded with Swedish band Testbild!, was released in the autumn of 2010. Another duo album with Stuart Moxham, The Devil Laughs, was released in July 2020 on the Chicago-based tinyGLOBAL Solutions label. His new solo album, Thunderclouds, recorded with The Night Mail, a band which comprises Robert Rotifer, Ian Button and Andy Lewis was released on Tapete Records in December 2020. Other activities
<mask> is also well known in his native country (under his real name <mask>) as a football journalist. He has held the position of England correspondent for France Football magazine since 1999 and fulfilled a similar role for news and sports radio RMC Info until 2018. He appeared as French football analyst on Setanta Sports News channel in England, and can be heard regularly on Talksport radio in England, Newstalk radio in Ireland, the BBC World Service, BBC Five Live, BBC London, BBC Scotland and Football Weekly, a podcast hosted by The Guardian newspaper. His biography of Eric Cantona, Cantona — The Rebel Who Would Be King (Macmillan publishing) was long-listed for the William Hill Sports Book of the Year award in September 2009, and was the joint winner of the 'Best Football Book' category of the British Sports Book Awards in March 2010.His second biography, an account of Thierry Henry's life and career entitled Lonely at the Top was also long-listed for the 2013 William Hill Prize. He also wrote a political essay, Le Royaume enchanté de Tony Blair (Fayard, 2006), and was one of the main contributors to the best-selling Dictionnaire du Rock which was published by Robert Laffont in 2000 and to its new and fully revised edition Le Nouveau Dictionnaire du Rock in 2014. References

External links

French singer-songwriters
Musicians from London
1959 births
Living people
French expatriates in the United Kingdom
Chamber pop musicians
Magazine writers
French male journalists
French sports journalists

masks:
Philippe Auclair
Louis Philippe
Philippe
Louis Philippe
Louis Philippe
Louis Philippe
Louis Philippe
Louis
Louise Le
Louis Philippe
Philippe Auclair


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<mask> (Pudlo), (February 4, 1916 - December 28, 1992) was a Canadian Inuit artist whose preferred medium was a combination of acrylic wash and coloured pencils. His works are in the collections of most Canadian museums. At his death in 1992, <mask> left a body of work that included more than 4000 drawings and 200 prints. Biography
Born at Kamadjuak Camp, Baffin Island, Canada, <mask> lived for much of his life in the Kimmirut region in what is now the Canadian Territory of Nunavut, hunting and fishing with his family along the southwest coast of Baffin Island. <mask> began drawing in the early 1960s after he abandoned the semi-nomadic way of life and settled in Cape Dorset. He experienced firsthand the radical transformation of life in the Arctic that occurred in the 20th Century and reached its peak in the 1950s. In 1950, he married fellow Inuit artist <mask>, and they remained together until her death in 1972.Until he was six, he lived around Coral Harbour; later, he moved to the region of Lake Harbour, now called Kimmirut. In the late 1950s, when he was already in his 40s, he moved to Kiaktuuq near Cape Dorset to recover from a bout of tuberculosis. It was there he met Inuit art pioneer James Archibald Houston and began his career as an artist. <mask> spent 33 years creating art. He began by carving sculpture, but he found carving difficult because of an arm injury, so he switched to drawing around 1959 or 1960. Initially encouraged by James Houston and then by Terry Ryan of the West Baffin Eskimo Co-operative, he embraced drawing and later printmaking and painting as these media were introduced in the north. <mask> occasionally traveled south and to other parts of the Arctic for medical treatment.The objects he encountered his travels, especially airplanes, are prominent in his subject matter. In 1972 one of <mask>'s prints was selected for reproduction on a UNICEF greeting card. <mask> travelled to Ottawa to attend the opening of an exhibition of the works. He remembered it as the first work for which he was invited south and accorded public recognition. <mask> died in 1992, at Cape Dorset. His last prints appear in the annual Cape Dorset Print collection and catalogue of 1993. Chronology of <mask>'s artistic career

 1990 - Opening of "Pudlo: Thirty Years of Drawing", the first solo show for an Inuit artist at the National Gallery of Canada.1989 - Travelled to Mannheim, Germany, to attend the opening of his solo exhibition at the Inuit Galerie. 1980 - A single lithograph commission "In Celebration" was undertaken by <mask>, to commemorate the anniversary of the Canadian Guild of Crafts in Montreal, Quebec. This work is also included in the annual Cape Dorset print catalogue in 1980. 1979 - Commissioned by the Canadian Guild of Crafts Quebec, Montreal, to create a lithograph to commemorate the first exhibition of contemporary Inuit art held at the Guild in Montreal. 1979 - Queen Elizabeth Hotel Commission. Honouring 29 "Great Montrealers" <mask> produced a lithograph entitled "Shores of the Settlement". The print was included in the annual Cape Dorset print collection and catalogue in 1979.The artist travelled to Montreal to attend the presentation. 1978 - Commissioned by the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development to create two designs to be silkscreened onto banners for the DIAND headquarters lobby in Ottawa; <mask> travelled to Oakville, Ontario, to work on the designs at Sheridan College. 1978 - <mask>'s 1976 print "Aeroplane" was reproduced on a Canadian postage stamp. 1976 - <mask> was one of four Kinngait (Cape Dorset) artists commissioned to produce a collection of prints for the first UN Habitat Conference which was held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The prints appeared in the annual Cape Dorset print collection and catalogue in 1981. 1976 - Attended the Toronto opening of the annual Kinngait (Cape Dorset) print collection at the Innuit Gallery of Eskimo Art. 1972 - <mask> <mask>’s design, along with designs by four other Canadian Inuit artists, was chosen for a series of UNICEF greeting cards.Artistic themes
<mask>'s art is characterized by a playful sense of humour and a fascination with the trappings of modern life, especially airplanes. His early drawings are simple outlines made with lead pencil. In the mid-1960s, <mask> began to work with coloured pencils and felt-tipped pens, and his art became more elaborate. In many ways <mask>'s work symbolizes the paradoxes of the encounter between traditional Inuit culture and modern life. "<mask>'s works over the years demonstrate his keen visual sense, his versatility and innovativeness in subject matter and technique — tempered by his sense of humour — his knowledge of traditional life on the land, and his acknowledgement of the changing times.... <mask>'s thinking/drawing process is a truly creative approach, done both consciously and unconsciously. In the 1978 Cape Dorset print catalogue (page 67) <mask> talks about his drawing: At times when I draw, I am happy, but sometimes it is very hard. I have been drawing a long time now.I only draw what I think, but sometimes I think the pencil has a brain too." Arctic Circle
 1990 Routledge, Marie PUDLO: THIRTY YEARS OF DRAWING. Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada

References

External links
 Artist's page on the Canada House Gallery website
 Comprehensive list of exhibitions and publications from the Canadian Art Database of the Centre for Contemporary Canadian Art (CCCA)

1916 births
1992 deaths
Inuit illustrators
Inuit printmakers
Artists from Nunavut
People from Coral Harbour
Inuit from the Northwest Territories
People from Kimmirut
People from Kinngait
20th-century printmakers
20th-century Canadian artists

masks:
Pudlo Pudlat
Pudlo
Pudlat
Pudlo
Innukjuakju Pudlat
Pudlat
Pudlo
Pudlat
Pudlo
Pudlat
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlat
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlo
Pudlo


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<mask> of Shrewsbury, Duke of York (17 August 1473), was the sixth child and second son of King Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville, born in Shrewsbury. <mask> and his older brother, who briefly reigned as King Edward V of England, mysteriously disappeared shortly after <mask> became king in 1483. Dukedoms
Prince <mask> was created Duke of York in May 1474 and made a Knight of the Garter the following year. From this time on, it became a tradition for the second son of the English sovereign to be Duke of York. He was created Earl of Nottingham on 12 June 1476. On 15 January 1478, in St Stephen's Chapel, Westminster, when he was 4 years old, he married the 5-year-old Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk, who had inherited the vast Mowbray estates in 1476. Because York's father-in-law's dukedom had become extinct when Anne could not inherit it, he was created Duke of Norfolk and Earl Warenne on 7 February 1477.When Anne de Mowbray died in November 1481 her estates should have passed to William, Viscount Berkeley and to John, Lord Howard. In January 1483 Parliament passed an act that gave the Mowbray estates to <mask>, Duke of York and Norfolk, for his lifetime, and at his death to his heirs, if he had any. The rights of the two co-heirs at law were extinguished; Viscount Berkeley had financial difficulties and King Edward IV paid off and forgave those debts. Berkeley then renounced his claims to the Mowbray estate before parliament in 1483. Nothing was done for Lord Howard. Heir presumptive

His father died on 9 April 1483. Thus his brother Edward, Prince of Wales, became King of England and was acclaimed as such, and <mask> his Heir Presumptive.This was not to last. A priest, now generally believed to have been Robert Stillington, the Bishop of Bath and Wells, testified that Edward IV had agreed to marry Lady Eleanor Talbot in 1461. Lady Eleanor was still alive when Edward married Elizabeth Woodville in 1464. The Regency council under the late King's brother <mask>, Duke of Gloucester, concluded that this was a case of bigamy, invalidating the second marriage and the legitimacy of all children of Edward IV by this marriage. Under Gloucester's influence, both Edward and <mask> were declared illegitimate and removed from the line of succession on 25 June 1483. The Duke of Gloucester, as the only surviving brother of Edward IV, became King <mask>. Possible fate

The Duke of York was sent to the Tower of London, then a royal residence, by King <mask> in mid-1483, where he was held with his brother.They were sometimes seen in the garden of the Tower, but there are no known sightings of them after the summer of 1483. What happened to the two of them—the Princes in the Tower—after their disappearance remains unknown. Tudor History was quick to blame his uncle, <mask>. Thomas More wrote that the princes were smothered to death with their pillows, and his account forms the basis of William Shakespeare's play Richard III, in which Tyrrell suborns Forrest and Dighton to murder the princes on <mask>'s orders. Subsequent re-evaluations of <mask> have questioned his guilt, beginning with William Cornwallis early in the 17th century. In the period before the boys' disappearance, Edward was regularly being visited by a doctor; historian David Baldwin extrapolates that contemporaries may have believed Edward had died either of an illness or as the result of attempts to cure him. In the absence of hard evidence a number of other theories have been put forward, of which the most widely discussed are that they were murdered on the orders of the Duke of Buckingham or by Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond (later King Henry VII).Bones reportedly belonging to two children were discovered in 1674 by workmen rebuilding a stairway in the Tower. On the orders of King Charles II, these were subsequently placed in Westminster Abbey, in an urn bearing the names of Edward and <mask>. The bones were re-examined in 1933 at which time it was discovered the skeletons were incomplete and had been interred with animal bones. It has never been proven that the bones belonged to the princes. In 1789, workmen carrying out repairs in St George's Chapel, Windsor, rediscovered and accidentally broke into the vault of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville. Adjoining this was another vault, which was found to contain the coffins of two children. This tomb was inscribed with the names of two of Edward IV's children: George, <mask> of Bedford, who had died at the age of two; and Mary of York who had died at the age of 14.Both had predeceased the King. However, the remains of these two children were later found elsewhere in the chapel, leaving the occupants of the children's coffins within the tomb unknown. In 1486 <mask> of Shrewsbury's eldest sister Elizabeth married Henry VII, thereby uniting the Houses of York and Lancaster. Perkin Warbeck

In 1491 in Cork, Perkin Warbeck, a young man of Flemish origin was proclaimed by a variety of Yorkist supporters led by the Irish city's former Mayor John Atwater to be <mask>. He claimed to have escaped from the Tower and spent the intervening years on the run. Over the next six years Warbeck travelled across Europe, receiving recognition from a number of monarchs including Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and James IV of Scotland as "<mask> IV" of England. This support included Margaret of York, the aunt of the real <mask>.Following his capture after a failed invasion of England in 1497, Warbeck was held in the Tower of London. He confessed to being an impostor, and was later executed following an attempt to escape. Arms

As son of the king, <mask> was granted use of the arms of the kingdom, differentiated by a label argent, on the first point a canton gules. See also
List of people who disappeared

Ancestry

References

 page 218

 page 248

1473 births
1480s missing person cases
15th-century English nobility
Children of Edward IV of England
Disappeared princes
201
Dukes of York
Earls Marshal
1st Earl of Norfolk
301
Edward V of England
Heirs to the English throne
<mask> of Shrewsbury
Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
Missing person cases in England
Knights of the Bath
Knights of the Garter
People from Shrewsbury
Prisoners in the Tower of London

masks:
Richard
Richard
Richard III
Richard
Richard
Richard
Richard
Richard
Richard III
Richard III
Richard
Richard
Richard III
Richard
Duke
Richard
Richard
Richard
Richard
Richard
Richard


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<mask> (born September 7, 1953) is a retired three-star general and the 35th Vice Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. <mask> also served as the commander of two unified commands, Eastern Mindanao Command and Central Command. He served as the Philippine Ambassador to The Hague, Netherlands from 2009 until 2010  He is the current Undersecretary of Department of National Defense. <mask> was born to lawyer and retired colonel (Philippine Constabulary) Raymundo V<mask> and his wife, Teofista M<mask>. He was born in San Ildefonso, Bulacan, Philippines and raised in Santo Tomas, Batangas where he graduated consistently on top of his elementary and high school classes. Owing to Colonel <mask>'s profession as a lawyer, his son <mask> is named after Benjamin N<mask>, the renowned Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court who significantly contributed to the development of American Civil Law in the 20th century. He descended from the <mask> clans of Badoc, Ilocos Norte where the ancestry of <mask> and <mask>, members of the 1896 Philippine Revolution also came from.He is married to Mrs. Joyce Marcelina Espinosa Siongco <mask>. She is the daughter of Brig. General Gonzalo H. Siongco, the first Commanding General of the 6th Infantry (Kampilan) Division. <mask> and Joyce have two sons and three daughters. Education
<mask> is a member of the Philippine Military Academy "Makabayan" Class of 1975, graduated number 6 in a class of 91. Prior to his admission to PMA as a cadet, <mask> <mask> entered Mapúa Institute of Technology taking up Civil Engineering. While already in the service, he pursued post-graduate courses in the Philippines and the United States.He graduated with Masters in Economics Development from the University of the Philippines. He also obtained his second graduate degree of Master of Arts in Economics Planning and poised to complete his Doctoral Degree in Regional Economics at the prestigious Ivy League business school of the University of Pennsylvania. He is a member of the prestigious Wharton-Penn Club of the Philippines. He is also a Defense Diplomacy Fellow in Cranfield University in the United Kingdom. Other than being touted as an academic giant in the military, Cardozo also excelled in his military education and training record. He attained top honors when he took the PC Officers Basic Course, PC Officers Advance Course (August 1988), and the AFP Command and General Staff Course and the Joint Command and Staff Course in April 1995 at the Armed Forces of the Philippines Command and General Staff College. Military career

Upon graduation from the academy, Cardozo was commissioned as Second Lieutenant and joined the Philippine Constabulary.He spent most of his junior-officer's years in Mindanao. After his stint in Mindanao, he served as Junior Staff at AFP General Headquarters & Headquarters Service Command and at Department of National Defense. He was also assigned as a Junior Staff at the defense attaché in Washington, D.C., USA from 1981 until 1984. Upon his return to the country, he served as Vice President of the Armed Forces & Police Mutual Benefit Association (AFPMBAI) and, soon after, as Vice President/Assistant General Manager of the Armed Forces & Police Savings and Loan Association Inc. (AFPSLAI). In 1987, he assumed as the District Commander of the Philippine Constabulary 1st District, Regional Command (RECOM) 4 and later served as the Commanding Officer of the 214th PC Coy, RECOM 4 in Batangas. Among the significant positions he held in the past were: Defense Intelligence Security Group and Military Intelligence Group (MIG) Commander; Battalion Commander of the 37th Infantry Brigade, 6th Infantry Division in Mindanao from November 16, 1995 to May 16, 1997; Assistant Chief of Staff of the Civil Military Operations (G7) of the Philippine Army from November 18, 1997 to July 23, 1999; Commanding Officer of the 302nd Infantry Brigade, 3rd Infantry Division from June 28, 2001 to April 16, 2002. Upon promotion to star-rank, he assumed positions of higher responsibility as Commanding General of the 602nd Infantry Brigade, 6th Infantry Division  from April 16, 2002 to July 25, 2003; Commandant of Cadets and Head, Tactics Group of the Philippine Military Academy from July 21, 2003 to October 18, 2004; Commanding General, Training and Doctrine Command from October 25, 2004 to November 7, 2005; Commanding General of the 4th Infantry (Diamond) Division from November 2, 2005 to August 10, 2006; Commander of the AFP Central Command based in Cebu City from August 2, 2006 to August 30, 2007 where he also supervised the security of the ASEAN Summit protecting 18 Heads of State; and Commander of the AFP Eastern Mindanao Command based in Davao City from August 31, 2007 to May 16, 2008.During his stint as the Commanding General of the AFP EastMinCom, he commanded and controlled 3 Army Infantry Divisions, a Naval Force, a Tactical Operations Wing, and several AFP Wide Service Support Units in Eastern Mindanao whose area of responsibility covers Regions 10, 11, 12, Caraga Region, and three provinces of ARMM such as: Maguindanao, Sharif Kabunsuan, and Lanao del Sur, consisting of not less than 25,000 uniformed personnel and civilian employees of the AFP. <mask> is a recipient of various military awards and decorations (including the Distinguished Service Star), numerous Letters of Commendations from various military officers and Resolutions from Chief Executives of government agencies and Local Government Units for his valuable services rendered as an officer and a gentleman. Col. <mask> <mask>, head of the 602nd Infantry Brigade, captured a key rebel stronghold of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front on February 14, 2003. The stronghold is located in Buliok complex in Cotabato and Maguindanao, part of a major offensive on the southern island of Mindanao. After the successful campaign, <mask> earned his first star as Brigadier General. Brig. Gen. <mask> M<mask>, 56th Commandant of the Philippine Military Academy, changed the required uniforms of the cadets from the West Point-inspired military cut to the rayadillo, the same uniform that was designed by <mask> and was worn by the Filipino forefathers during the Philippine revolution against Spain.The newly installed Central Command chief, Maj. Gen. <mask> <mask> vowed to reduce the threat posed by the New People's Army, armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines, to an "inconsequential level through simultaneous in-depth operations" in the Visayas region (Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Samar and Leyte). Upon assuming one of the largest military commands in the Philippines in August 2006, <mask> issued guidelines for military commanders in the Visayas, that include strengthening of Citizen Armed Force Geographical Unit battalions, implementation of a long range patrol concept and conduct of regular patrols, effective unit leadership, activation of Civil Military Operations Company and task group, and tapping the services of military reservists, police and local government units as well. he always emphasized the respect for human rights in all conduct of military operations. After a successful stint in the central region of the country in 2006, Eastern Mindanao Command chief, Lt. Gen. <mask> <mask>, together with other top military officials in Mindanao, expressed the need to institutionalize trainings on peace building and conflict management to help bring about peace in the south. However, <mask> stressed that peace trainings should be documented and validated by appropriate agencies to see if the trainings and efforts could be replicated by other units. According to <mask>, sustaining the peace building efforts should be maintained even after change of commands of military units across the country. On August 10, 2008, when rogue MILF forces conducted atrocities as a result of the botched Memorandum of Agreement on Ancestral Domain, military troops led by Lt. Gen. <mask> <mask>, Joint Force Mindanao commander, regained control of two North Cotabato villages from Moro Islamic Liberation Front rebels and pressed ahead with a massive assault to clear 13 others.The fighting has forced about 130,000 villagers to flee their homes. On August 28, 2008, <mask> lead the invasion of Camp Bilal, a major Moro Islamic Liberation Front rebel camp in Lanao del Norte, the headquarters of Commander Macapaar, the leader of the attacks on five Lanao del Norte towns. During the 73rd Anniversary Ceremony of the AFP at Camp Aguinaldo on December 22, 2008, the Philippine Legion of Honor (PLOH) degree of Commander was awarded to <mask> for leading government troops that fought rogue Moro fighters including the successful campaign at Camp Bilal and the Lanao provinces. Awards in military service
  Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation
  People Power I Unit Citation
  People Power II Ribbon
  Martial Law Unit Citation
  Distinguished Service Stars
  Officer, Philippine Legion of Honor
  Outstanding Achievement Medals
   Gawad sa Kaunlaran
   Bronze Cross Medal
   Military Merit Medals with two bronze spearhead devices and three bronze anahaws
   Military Commendation Medals
  Military Civic Action Medal
   Sagisag ng Ulirang Kawal
  Long Service Medal
  Anti-dissidence Campaign Medal
  Luzon Anti-Dissidence Campaign Medal
  Visayas Anti-Dissidence Campaign Medal
  Mindanao Anti-Dissidence Campaign Medal
  Disaster Relief and Rehabilitation Operations Ribbon
  Combat Commander's Badge
  Special Forces Qualification Badge

Diplomatic career
Lt. Gen. <mask> <mask> was originally set to retire on September 7, 2009, but opted to retire four months early in view of his nomination to the post of the highest ranking Filipino diplomat to the Netherlands. He will serve as the focal person for the Philippines' defense engagements not only in Netherlands but as well as with other countries in Europe. On May 20, 2009, <mask> <mask> was appointed by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo with the approval of the Commission on Appointments as the Philippine Ambassador to Netherlands. Along with <mask>, President Arroyo has also appointed six new ambassadors to Spain, the United Kingdom, the Vatican, Finland, Brazil and Timor-Leste.<mask> <mask> assumed the post of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of the Philippines to The Netherlands, replacing Ambassador Romeo Arguelles, on August 6, 2009. <mask> intended to make his contribution to further strengthen the existing political, economic, cultural, and security relations between the Philippines and the Netherlands, as well as actively promote peace-making initiatives through multilateral relations. He was designated as the Permanent Representative of the Republic of the Philippines to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), an international agency, located in The Hague, Netherlands. He also became the Governor of the Common Fund for Commodities, a UN funded organization assisting Third World countries to increase food production. Ambassador <mask> presented his Letter of Credence to Her Majesty Queen Beatrix of Netherlands on August 26, 2009. After the ceremony, Queen Beatrix invited <mask> to a private meeting, discussing bilateral matters between the Philippines and the Netherlands. <mask> assured that the relationship between the two countries will be strengthened during his term.During the PMAAAI 2010 Annual General Membership Meeting held at the Manila Hotel on January 24, 2010, Nicanor A. Bartolome, President of the Philippine Military Academy Alumni Association, Inc. (PMAAAI), awarded Ambassador <mask> the Cavalier Outstanding Achievement Award in recognition of his exemplary commitment and dedication to service. Several Dutch businessmen worked hard to persuade their compatriots to invest in the Philippines during the Philippine Netherlands Business Council (PNBC) meeting on July 9, 2010. Ambassador <mask> <mask> supported the testimonies and assured the potential investors that the business is very promising in the Philippines especially in the new government of President Benigno “Noynoy” Aquino III. According to <mask>, the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific gave a projection that the Philippine economy will grow by 3.5% in 2010. The Philippines marked a milestone after it became a member of the oldest international legal organizations in the Netherlands on July 14, 2010. Ambassador <mask> transmitted the Instrument of Acceptance of the Statute of the Hague Conference on Private International Law and the Act of Accession to the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. The documents were signed by then President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on the 25th and 29 June 2010.The Philippines officially became the 70th member of the Hague Conference on Private International Law and the 111th member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration on September 12, 2010. As part of the public diplomacy efforts of the Philippine Embassy in The Hague, a workshop was conducted on the Philippines’ migrant worker protection laws to the students of the Hague Academy of International Law on July 20, 2010. Ambassador <mask> opened the program by citing the Philippines’ membership in the Hague Conference on Private International Law and the Permanent Court of Arbitration. He also made reference to the directive of President Aquino for the Department of Foreign Affairs and other relevant agencies to be more receptive to the needs and welfare of 8.7 to 11 million overseas Filipino workers. On September 30, 2010, Ambassador <mask> left his post in the Netherlands. After the three-month extension set by the Department of Foreign Affairs for the non-career envoys under President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, 25 ambassadors were ordered to report back to the Philippines. Civilian career
On May 26, 2012, <mask> was elected as the President and chief executive officer of the Armed Forces and Police Savings & Loan Association (AFPSLAI), a private, non-stock and non-profit savings and loan association established and registered with the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission in 1972.It is supervised by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas and one of the leading providers of financial products and allied services to the Armed Forces of the Philippines, Philippine National Police, Bureau of Jail Management and Penology, and Bureau of Fire Protection. During the AFPSLAI's 41st Annual Membership Meeting on May 25, 2013, <mask> announced that the company made a quantum leap towards its financial targets where the company's gross income reached PHP 7.96 billion, 16% higher than the previous year. The highest net income was recorded in 2012 compared to 2004 which was considered by the company as its benchmark year. Other financial highlights of his report compare to the previous year are as follows: 3% lower Total Expenses of PHP 1.69 billion; 10% higher Total Assets of PHP 49.94 billion; 18% higher Loans Production of PHP 35.56 billion; and 9% higher Capital Contribution of PHP 33.58 billion. Among the company's operational highlights were the enhancement of the company's computerized system; improvement of processing time for vehicle loan; enhancement of consumption loans being offered to BFP and BJMP market; reduction of pension advance charges; and improvement for the convenience of transacting members of Iloilo Branch Office with the inauguration of its new building in May 2012. AFPSLAI's advocacy on corporate philanthropy is also recognized as one of its paramount achievements. Cardozo stressed that through its 40 years of providing financial solutions to members’ needs, the AFPSLAI's initiatives to reinforce corporate social responsibility is just as important.Some of the programs are the Donation Program where a total of PHP 27.72 million was given to major service units of members agencies, Outreach Program through medical missions in AFPSLAI Branch Offices, Scholarship Program which has produced 152 graduates, and the Assistance to Lift Members’ Survivors (ALMS) Program that released a total of PHP 36.66 million as financial assistance to legal beneficiaries of qualified deceased members. Cardozo served as the President and CEO until September 9, 2013, where he was succeeded by Col. Diosdado Domingo (Ret.). Cardozo remained as both Member and Vice Chairman of the Board of Trustees until June 2016. National Defense Undersecretary
President Rodrigo Duterte assumed office in June 2016 and Maj. Gen. Delfin Lorenzana (Ret.) was designated as the 36th Secretary of National Defense. In July 2016, Secretary Delfin Lorenzana announced that <mask> <mask> will be the Undersecretary of National Defense. References

External links
Department of National Defense
Embassy of the Philippines: The Hague, Netherlands
Armed Forces of the Philippines

1953 births
People from Bulacan
People from Batangas
Filipino generals
Philippine Military Academy alumni
Mapúa University alumni
University of the Philippines alumni
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania alumni
Living people
Filipino diplomats
Ambassadors of the Philippines to the Netherlands
Permanent Representatives of the Philippines to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
Members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Star
Recipients of the Philippine Legion of Honor
Recipients of the Outstanding Achievement Medal
Recipients of the Bronze Cross Medal
Recipients of the Military Merit Medal (Philippines)
Recipients of the Military Commendation Medal
Recipients of the Military Civic Action Medal
Arroyo Administration personnel
Duterte Administration personnel
Filipino judges of international courts and tribunals

masks:
Cardozo Manalo Luna
Cardozo Luna
Background Cardozo
. Luna
. Luna
Luna
Cardozo
. Cardozo
Luna
Antonio Luna
Juan Luna
Luna
Cardozo
Cardozo
Cardozo
Luna
Luna
Cardozo
Luna
Luna
Cardozo
. Luna
Antonio Luna
Cardozo
Luna
Luna
Cardozo
Luna
Luna
Luna
Cardozo
Luna
Luna
Luna
Cardozo
Luna
Cardozo
Luna
Luna
Cardozo
Luna
Luna
Luna
Luna
Luna
Luna
Cardozo
Luna
Luna
Luna
Luna
Luna
Cardozo
Cardozo
Cardozo
Luna


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<mask> (born 5 March 1987) is an English former professional footballer and is currently first-team coach at Luton Town. Primarily a midfielder, he was able to operate equally in the centre or on the left, but was also employed at times as a left-back. During his time at Nottingham Forest, <mask> was known for his energetic and hard-working style of play and the consistency of his performances which won him multiple player of the season awards. <mask> started his career with West Ham United in 2003. He joined Yeovil Town on loan from 2005 until 2006 and signed for the club permanently later in 2006, before moving to Nottingham Forest in summer 2007. Early years
Born in Norwich, Norfolk, <mask> went to William Edwards School and Sports College, Stifford Clays, Grays, Essex where he played alongside Max Porter in the school football team. Club career

West Ham United
<mask> was a product of the West Ham United youth system and he was scouted whilst playing for an amateur football club at the age of six.<mask> made his first breakthrough into the West Ham first team during the 2003–04 season. He made his debut as a 16-year-old, coming on as a substitute in West Ham's 3–2 win over Sunderland on 13 December 2003, which made him the youngest player to appear for the West Ham first-team for 80 years. He featured another six times that season and went on to make 14 league and cup appearances the following season. Yeovil Town
As West Ham returned to the Premier League for the start of the 2005–06 season, <mask> found his first team chances limited. After a single League Cup appearance for the club in September, he joined League One side Yeovil Town on a one-month loan in November 2005. The deal was extended until the end of the season during the January transfer window. <mask> finished the season with 31 appearances and one goal for Yeovil.<mask> joined the club on a permanent basis on a two-year contract on 28 June 2006. Following Yeovil's exit from the FA Cup against Rushden and Diamonds, manager Russell Slade exempted <mask> from criticism, praising his performance. Slade said he would do everything in his power to keep <mask> at Yeovil, saying the club had received a bid from Nottingham Forest in January 2007. At the end of the 2006–07 season, he won two Player of the Year Awards from Yeovil Town. He made 81 league and cup appearances for Yeovil, scoring eight goals. Nottingham Forest
In a combined £1.2 million deal with Yeovil teammate Arron Davies, <mask> moved to League One side Nottingham Forest on 6 July 2007, signing a four-year contract. He missed the start of the 2007–08 season due to injury but recovered and started in Forest's 2–0 win at Port Vale in October.He performed very well and contributed significantly to the opening goal and was praised by manager Colin Calderwood afterwards. He then hit a rich vein of form by helping Forest achieve an eight-game unbeaten run to put them into second spot in the league at Christmas 2007, including an influential display in the 3–0 win at Cheltenham Town. He finally got his first goal for the club, equalising just three minutes after coming off the bench in Forest's 2–1 victory over Huddersfield Town. <mask> was a virtual ever-present for Forest in his first season for the club, only missing the first five league games of the season, and helped the club gain automatic promotion to the Championship as League One runners-up. In the 2008–09 season, <mask> continued to impress with consistent displays, and was picked out for praise by visiting Charlton manager Alan Pardew after a 0–0 draw, as being the best player on the pitch. He was voted Player of the Season at the end of the 2008–09 season. Manager Billy Davies said of <mask>, "He's a player with a wonderful attitude, can play in several positions, has tremendous energy and has got outstanding ability".In May 2009, <mask> was rewarded with a new four-year contract until 2013. In the first leg of the 2009–10 Championship play-off semi-final against Blackpool on 8 May 2010, <mask> put Forest ahead with a curling outside-foot volley at Bloomfield Road. <mask> was controversially sent off in an away fixture against Leeds United on 2 April 2011, following his challenge on George McCartney. Forest appealed against the decision, however the decision made by referee Mark Halsey was upheld. In an East Midlands derby match between Nottingham Forest and Derby County, <mask> suffered damage to his knee ligament. Scans suggested he would be out for a year. <mask> made his first start for Nottingham Forest since that horrific injury in the League Cup match on 28 August 2012.On 30 September, <mask> made his league return for Forest against Derby County. <mask> signed a new contract with Forest on 8 October, keeping him at the club until 2016. After signing, he stated that he plans on making over 500 appearances for the club. <mask> was voted Player of the Season in the 2012–13 season by the Forest supporters. On the back of his performances and longevity with Nottingham Forest, the 26-year-old midfielder was made the club captain on 31 July 2013, succeeding Danny Collins. He made an immediate impact as captain, as he was an important part in Forest's first goal of the 2013–14 season, making a great run to the byline and pulling it back for Henri Lansbury to score against Huddersfield. <mask> was to suffer another lengthy spell out with injury, following a 1–1 draw with Burnley at the City Ground on 23 November 2013.<mask> limped off late in the game and it was subsequently confirmed that he had suffered cruciate ligament damage, which ruled him out for the rest of the season. On 11 July 2014, then-Forest manager Stuart Pearce confirmed that <mask> would remain as captain under his management, stating that he was "everything you would want as a captain". <mask> started Forest's first six league games of the season under Pearce, but was taken off with an injury fifteen minutes into a league game against local rivals Derby County on 14 September 2014. Following assessment of the injury, <mask> was ruled out for nine months with his third serious knee injury in three years. Having missed fifteen months of football, <mask> eventually made his return to the first team to "huge cheers" on 2 January 2016, when he replaced Jack Hobbs in the 86th minute of a 1–1 draw at Charlton Athletic. <mask> started Forest's next game at left-back; a home win in the FA Cup over Queens Park Rangers on 9 January. On 17 February, he signed a one-year extension to his contract, which had been due to expire in the summer of 2016.On 7 May 2016, <mask> made his 250th league appearance for Nottingham Forest and scored the opening goal of a 2–1 win away at MK Dons. <mask> began the 2016–17 season well under the new management of Philippe Montanier, but missed Forest's 2–0 win over Ipswich Town at Portman Road on 19 November with an injury. It was subsequently confirmed that <mask> had sustained a groin injury in training that required surgery, and would be expected to keep him out of action for three months. <mask> returned from injury to play a pivotal role in Forest retaining their Championship status in the final game of the season. With Forest one of three clubs facing relegation, and needing to better the result of Blackburn Rovers at Brentford, <mask> scored the second goal of a 3–0 win over Ipswich Town with a deflected shot on goal from 25 yards. The game marked <mask>'s 300th appearance for the club in all competitions and consigned Blackburn Rovers to relegation to League One. Five days later Forest announced that <mask> had signed a one-year extension to his contract with the club.In January 2018, <mask> was appointed joint-manager of the Under-23 team. <mask> announced his retirement from football at the end of 2017–18 season, after struggling with injury. He played his final game for Forest, coming on as an 89th-minute substitute, on 28 April 2018. Career statistics

Honours
Nottingham Forest
League One runner-up: 2007–08

Individual
Nottingham Forest Player of the Year: 2008–09, 2012–13

References

External links
<mask> profile at the official Nottingham Forest website

1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Norwich
English footballers
Association football midfielders
Association football coaches
West Ham United F.C. players
Yeovil Town F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C. players
English Football League players
Nottingham Forest F.C.non-playing staff
Luton Town F.C. non-playing staff

masks:
Christopher David Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Cohen
Chris Cohen


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<mask> (May 10, 1945 – December 28, 1998) was a North American sculptor known for large scale, semi-abstract public works in which she evoked the body, bandaging, flesh, and bone. She is known for dark, bulbous, beam-like forms. Her sculptures concern universal issues such as death and regeneration and are described as transcending time and place. <mask> received a Guggenheim Fellowship and Pollock-Krasner Foundation grants and was a resident fellow at Yaddo. Her work is found in collections such as the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, the Brooklyn Museum of Art, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Albright-Knox Art Gallery, and the High Museum of Art. In 2018, <mask>'s work was acquired by both the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Art Institute of Chicago. Background
<mask> was a sculptor known for her large scale works with subtle expression, in which she evoked the body, bandaging, flesh, and bone.Born in 1945, she was raised in New Jersey. She learned to weld, cast, and carve as an undergraduate student at Mt. Holyoke College, where she later earned a bachelor's degree in 1967. After a year of graduate study at the University of California at Berkeley, she spent several years traveling, including a trip alone through North Africa. She later earned an M.F.A at Columbia University in 1975, where she studied with Ronald Bladen and George Sugarman. She had solo exhibitions at the New York City Sculpture Center, the New Jersey State Museum, the Klarfeld Perry Gallery, and the Trans Hudson Gallery. She received a Guggenheim Fellowship and Pollock-Krasner Foundation grants and was a resident fellow at Yaddo.She became known for dark, bulbous, beamlike forms that were laid out or propped up in clusters. These pieces were made of hydrocal, a lightweight plaster, over steel armatures, with surfaces that appeared scarred and scorched. Her sculptures spoke of universal issues such as death and regeneration, and transcended time and place. <mask> died in 1998 at age of 53 from breast cancer. Public art
Unger produced a site-specific installation called Tweed Garden at Tweed Courthouse in New York in 1985. It was an environmental work clustered like a forest with passageways. The 10 painted hexagonal columns are each 9 feet tall and flared like trees or flowers.The columns are open in the middle and rise in layers, reaching toward the light from the glass dome above. It has been described as heavy with meaning yet light and ornamental in architecture. That same year, <mask> produced a site-specific installation for the Phillip and Muriel Berman Museum of Art at Ursinus College of Pennsylvania. <mask>'s Temple was a gazebo-like structure of red aluminum placed in a group of cherry trees. It was constructed in an openwork fashion with aluminum plate ribs. From afar, the monument looked like a giant party decoration. Its circus-like color scheme echoed nineteenth century park architecture, but it was still integrated into the park well.In 1988, <mask>'s Family was installed at Bellevue Hospital Park in New York City. Critics called it a point of departure for an artist whose private and public works had previously remained separate. The sculpture consists of three life-size abstract forms aligned as if processing. Each element is both architectural and symbolic. One has been described as looking like a dragon tail or a carrot with large conical breasts, while another is more like a cross between an arch, a stepladder, and a stretching gymnast. The third takes a two-part form, with the top like a tuning fork and the bottom like a lush, curvy body in a dress. <mask> successfully used pigmented cement overlaid on steel to evoke something earthly and organic.<mask>'s airy and grand monument known as Ode to Tatlin was commissioned as a permanent work in 1991 by the Aaron Copland School of Music at Queens College in New York. The sculpture forms a gateway to the school in the shape of an ellipse sliced in half to leave an entrance in the middle. It was inspired by Monument to the Third International, a grand building designed by the Russian artist Vladimir Tatlin that was never constructed. It was meant to suggest staves of music and the supports of a rollercoaster with a swooping path that contrasts the drab and incoherent stretch of campus where it is situated. Critics were not fond of the sherbet colors of the painted slats of the monument because they found the excessive amount of sweetness almost sickening; however, from farther away, they acknowledged the power and splendor it emanated in its commonplace surroundings. Exhibitions
<mask>'s work was exhibited in the 1985 show, “The Figure as an Image of the Psyche”, at the Sculpture Center in New York, whose main theme was the use of human figures to confront and transform difficult and extreme responses and experiences. The gallery looked like a war zone and was a reminder that declaratory emotional statements are always possible.The show had the edge and tone of the work <mask> <mask> contributed. One of her works, Supplicant, was an overwhelming piece made of hydrocal. It can be described as representing a bald head impaled on a spine that supports four vertically-aligned breasts. With small outstretched arms, like the feathers or wings of some prehistoric bird, and a huge mouth open toward the sky, the sculpture suggests frantic desire and symbolizes both a cry of pain and a song of faith. In 1989, <mask> curated a show called “In a Dark Vein,” at the Sculpture Center in New York. It featured work by women who used the human figure to shape feelings of fear, loss, and pain and was inspired by <mask>'s own struggle with cancer. In this show, she tried to focus on a more naked and physical reality and the search for experience that is shared and elemental.Unger included her bonded iron sculpture, Guardian, which both expresses and mediates suffering. It shows a nude woman, cut off at the waist, with her hands on her hips. The sculpture's mouth is like a pit facing the sky and her arms are like wings. The earthly figure suggests a fertility goddess insisting on her ability to reproduce and crying to get out of her skin. “In a Dark Vein” was filled with representations of the female body shaped by a woman's hand. In 1989 <mask> also exhibited at the Sculpture Center Festival at the Snug Harbor Cultural Center in Staten Island, a work called Pall Bearers. The sculpture is made of hydrocal over steel with pigment, wax, and graphite.It seems that <mask>'s illness caused her to become more introspective and create bodies of work that dealt with the fragility of the self. Pall Bearers is an allusion to the post-and-lintel construction method, with a horizontal member over an opening created by two vertical columns. In the sculpture, the two vertical posts are shaped like forearms, which support a sausage-like form covered in bloody bandages. <mask> seems to reveal her pain through the festering wounds; for some, the sculpture was too painful to view. It also connotes passage, transformation, and new life. It has been described as leaving an impression of a timeless battle between death and love with death in the lead. The work was later shown at “Dark Icons”, held at the Klarfeld Perry Gallery in New York in 1992.In the exhibition, “Dark Icons,” (New York, 1992) Unger was overcoming a bout of cancer that helped to broaden the metaphorical range of her work from a personal scream of victimization to a generalized but powerful meditation on mortality. The show contained seven sculptures, all made from steel armatures wrapped in plaster-soaked gauze, colored with pigment, wax, and graphite. The bulky, rounded sculptures draw a parallel between bearing the dead and bearing a child or a seed. Pieta/Monument to War consists of two roughly bandaged pillars bending inward and straining under the weight of an eviscerated and headless figure. The figure is held up by its stump-like arms and features a long slouched sack pigmented red. The title refers to an image of mourning, yet the gory trough of the figure evokes associations with menstruation and birth. Unger seemed to be aware of Baroque artists who struggled to show the weight of Christ hanging from the cross or the sag of his body draped in <mask>'s lap.The bandaging in Deposition/ Nature Mourned was partially removed due to more sanding and filing than in <mask>'s other pieces. It is made of two short, forking uprights that cradle a bundle of long, sagging stem-like forms. The title implies that the objects are being brought down for burial, but the form seems swollen with life. One could read the bandaging as an infant wrapped in a blanket and the forks as the huge hands of some sort of motherly deity. The piece represents the possibility of regeneration after ridding oneself of fear and loss. In 1994, <mask> transformed the Trans Hudson Gallery into a vault of concrete shapes that look almost like the remains of giants. Included in the show was Across the Bering Strait, a work that occupied Unger for two years before it was exhibited.The sculpture is a crowd of shapes that are phallic, intuitive, and sausage-like, laid as if thrown onto its stubby supports. The theme is migration and, according to <mask>, the title refers to the Mongol migration across the land bridge between Asia and Alaska. The cradles that hold the elongated forms were seen as immigrants’ bundled possessions, tent poles, and primitive life forms, while the work speaks on a deeper level about individual movement and the cycle of life. For art reviewer Vivien Raynor, however, it brought up visions of mutilation and monstrous fungi proliferating in caves. Raynor described it as a show that one would not want to spend the night with. <mask>'s subsequent solo exhibition at the Trans Hudson Gallery in 1997 featured five sculptures that display her strong interest in organic forms. Shanks consists of three nine-foot vertical bony shafts, each with a rounded point on the floor and topped with a bulbous knob.Two knobs, imitating the ball of a ball-and-socket joint, protrude just above the middle of each shaft. The white hydrocal was roughly scarred to give the appearance of bone. One critic got the impression that the sculpture was the leg bone of some huge prehistoric animal. Another believed the sculptures were like stern goddesses gazing down on their followers. The sculpture exemplified <mask>'s inclinations – rational yet connected to nature, serene but passionate, rigorously formed yet playful. Unger also included a wall-mounted sculpture titled Black Heart, a darkly poetic version of a heart that hovers without apparent support. Its black scorched and pitted surface looks like damaged skin over muscle.Its mythic presence is in line with the symbolism of the origin of emotion. It suggests that life processes are just as metaphysical as they are scientific. <mask>'s art has been described as moving easily across cultures and through the history of art. She challenged the skepticism that sculpture could carry and transmit meaning. Her works reminded viewers that beneath our withered elements are stable, regenerative forces. She ultimately used the life-renewing energies found in creating her art as a form of healing. After her death in 1998, a 15-year retrospective was held at the McDonough Museum of Art in Youngstown, Ohio in 2000.Solo exhibitions have taken place at the Davidson Gallery in NYC in 2011, 2016, and 2019 . Her work is found in collections such as the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Brooklyn Museum of Art, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Albright-Knox Art Gallery, and the High Museum of Art. References

American women sculptors
Sculptors from New Jersey
1945 births
1998 deaths
Columbia University School of the Arts alumni
Mount Holyoke College alumni
University of California, Berkeley alumni
20th-century American sculptors
20th-century American women artists

masks:
Mary Ann Unger
Unger
Unger
Mary Ann Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Mary Ann
Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Mary
Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Unger
Legacy Unger


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<mask> (December 27, 1926 – March 1, 2012) was an American actor, director and producer. He acted in films in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, and in television in the 1950s and 1960s. <mask> also appeared on Broadway in the musical Flahooley in the early 1950s. He directed and produced television series in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. He served in the Pacific Theater of World War II. Biography

Actor
<mask>Jerry<mask> was born <mask>. on December 27, 1926 in Knoxville, Tennessee. At 17, he attended a Hollywood party with his mother, a professional singer.A chance meeting with director Charles Vidor led to a screen test at Columbia Pictures and a seven-year contract. <mask>'s feature debut was in Vidor's 1944 screwball comedy Together Again, before he joined the military, seeing service in the Pacific. After the War, <mask> starred opposite Shirley Temple in Kiss and Tell, followed by appearances in more than a dozen films including The Man From Colorado (1948), Battleground (1949), The Palomino (1950), The Barefoot Mailman (1951), and Take the High Ground (1953). He was a licensed pilot and trained in stunt flying. In 1951 <mask> starred on Broadway as the romantic lead in the very short-lived musical Flahooley with Barbara Cook. Returning to California, he was frequently seen in guest roles on Westerns including The Rifleman, Death Valley Days and The Virginian. In 1957, he starred in six episodes of ABC's Disneyland in the miniseries The Saga of Andy Burnett, the story of a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, man who comes west to the Rocky Mountains.This was an attempt by Walt Disney to follow up on the success of the first television miniseries, Davy Crockett. In 1958, <mask> guest starred in an episode of the television Western series The Rifleman. His voice was heard singing the title song during the credits in the movie Old Yeller. In 1959 he played the role of Army Lt. Henry Nowlan in the Disney film Tonka. Also that year he narrated the Disney short Noah's Ark, nominated for an Oscar the following year for Best Short Subject (Cartoon). <mask> starred in the 1959-1960 television series Tales of the Vikings, as the lead character, Leif. He dyed his hair and beard blonde for the role.The series was produced by Kirk Douglas' film production company Brynaprod, was filmed in Germany, and ran for 39 episodes. <mask> was cast as newspaperman William Byers in the 1965 episode, "The Race at Cherry Creek", on the syndicated television anthology series, Death Valley Days, hosted by Ronald Reagan. In the story line, Byers races against time to put out the first newspaper in the Colorado Territory during the gold rush year of 1859. His Rocky Mountain News became the first publication in the territory. Though strongly encouraged in the pursuit by his wife Elizabeth ([Nancy Rennick), Byers' pressman, Andy Kate (Alvy Moore), is pessimistic about their chances of publishing first. Producer
In the 60s, <mask> gave up acting to produce for Disney, Screen Gems, and others. In 1975, he produced the Walt Disney film, Ride a Wild Pony.He was one of two producers of the partly animated 1977 Disney movie Pete's Dragon. He was the producer of Escape to Witch Mountain in 1975, and The Devil and Max Devlin. Director
In 1968 <mask> made his directorial debut with several episodes of The Flying Nun. In the 1980s he directed episodes of Aaron Spelling's Dynasty, Fantasy Island, The Love Boat and The Colbys. In the early 1990s he made guest appearances on L.A. Law and Knots Landing. In 1997 he moved to the Chicago area, where for five years he taught acting and directing for the camera at Columbia College. <mask> died on March 1, 2012 of heart disease in the Santa Clarita Valley, California.Partial filmography

Together Again (1944) - Gilbert Parker
Kiss and Tell (1945) - Dexter Franklin
The Man from Colorado (1948) - Johnny Howard
Make Believe Ballroom (1949) - Gene Thomas
Tokyo Joe (1949) - Danny
Battleground (1949) - Abner Spudler
A Woman of Distinction (1950) - <mask>
The Palomino (1950) - Steve Norris
When You're Smiling (1950) - Gerald Durham
Santa Fe (1951) - Terry Canfield
The Texas Rangers (1951) - Danny Carver - alias Bonner
Sunny Side of the Street (1951) - Ted Mason
The Barefoot Mailman (1951) - Steven Pierton
Cripple Creek (1952) - Larry Galland
Take the High Ground! (1953) - Elvin C. Carey
The Bamboo Prison (1954) - Arkansas
The Rifleman (1958, TV Series) - Johnny Gibbs
Tonka (1958) - Lt. Henry Nowlan
 (1960) - Teddy Hill
Queen of the Seas (1961) - Peter Goodwin
Café Oriental (1962) - Michael
Tharus Son of Attila (1962) - Tharus
Black Spurs (1965) - Sam Grubbs
The Restless Ones (1965)
Escape to Witch Mountain (1975, Produced)
Ride a Wild Pony (1975, Produced)
The Wonderful World of Disney - episode "The Young Runaways" (1978, TV Series, Produced)
Disney's Wonderful World - episode "Sultan and the Rock Star" (1980, TV Series, Produced)
Disney's Wonderful World - episode "The Ghosts of Buxley Hall: Parts 1 & 2" (1980, TV Series, Produced)

References

External links

 Staff (March 5, 2012). "<mask> dies at 85 Directed Episodes of Aaron Spelling Dramas". Variety. Retrieved August 24, 2013. Jerry Courtland Movie Memorial
 Theme song from "'Old Yeller"

1926 births
2012 deaths
20th-century American male actors
20th-century American singers
21st-century American male actors
21st-century American singers
Male actors from California
Male actors from Tennessee
American male film actors
American male musical theatre actors
American male stage actors
American male television actors
American television directors
American military personnel of World War II
Film directors from California
Film directors from Tennessee
Film producers from California
Singers from Tennessee
People from Knoxville, Tennessee
Singers from California
Television producers from California
20th-century American male singers
21st-century American male singers
Television producers from Tennessee

masks:
Jerome Courtland
Courtland
Jerome "
" Courtland
Courtland Jourolmon Jr
Courtland
Courtland
Courtland
Courtland
Courtland
Courtland
Courtland
Courtland
Courtland
Jerome
Jerome Courtland


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Rebecca Akosua Acheampomaa Acheampong (born 15 August 1984), known mononymously as <mask>, is a Ghanaian singer, songwriter and actress. She first gained recognition as a contestant on the second season of TV3's annual singing competition Mentor. Her debut studio album Sugar was released in 2007; it earned her five nominations at the 2008 Ghana Music Awards. The album's lead single "You Lied to Me" won Record of the Year at the aforementioned awards show. <mask> released her second studio album Time 4 Me on 16 May 2013. It features guest appearances from 2face Idibia, MI, King Ayisoba, Trigmatic, Jay Storm and Akwaboah. The album was certified 2x platinum in Ghana.<mask>'s accolades include one Kora Award, one National Youth Achievers Award, four Ghana Music Awards, and three 4Syte TV Music Video Awards. In 2013, she headlined the annual Girl Talk concert, which started in 2011. <mask> was ranked 94 on E.tv Ghana's 2013 list of the 100 most influential people in Ghana. In March 2021, she was among Top 30 Most Influential Women in Music by 3Music Awards Women Brunch. She has worked with foreign artistes such as Hugh Masakela and MI Abaga. Life and music career
Rebecca Acheampong was born in Kumasi, Ghana. She is the first girl and fifth born of nine children.<mask> was quite active in church and school activities during her childhood. She attended Morning Star and Wesley Girls' High School. She took an interest in showcasing her vocal dexterity at talent shows held at the latter school. She graduated from Croydon College and became a child care and education worker. <mask> relocated to Ghana and signed with Kiki Banson's EKB Records. She studied at the Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration. 2007:<mask> started working on her debut studio album Sugar in 2007.The album comprises 12 songs and was recorded in English and Twi. It was preceded by the lead single "You Lied to Me". The song was released in 2007 and features vocals from Kwabena Kwabena. The music video for the song was shot and directed in Ghana. On 13 November 2007, <mask> launched the album in Ghana. She featured Hugh Masekela on the song "I Love You". Sugar was launched in South Africa alongside Hugh Masekela's album Live at the Market Theatre.2011–2013:Time 4 Me
<mask>'s second studio album Time 4 Me was released on 16 May 2013. <mask> describes the album as a musical journey inspired by her thoughts, emotions and beliefs. The album comprises 20 songs and features guest appearances from 2face Idibia, MI, King Ayisoba, Trigmatic, Jay Storm and Akwaboah. The album produced the singles "Forever", "Push", "Bad Man Bad Girl", "No Away" and "Follow the Leader". Ten thousand copies of the album were given to fans who bought the Thursday edition of Graphic Showbiz newspaper. Time 4 Me was certified 2x platinum in Ghana. <mask> went on a nationwide campus tour to promote the album.<mask>'s 2011 single "Africa Woman" appeared as a bonus on the album; the song is a melodic ode to the strength and character of African women. The music video for "African Woman" was shot and directed in Ghana by Samad Davis; it starts with a quote and transitions into landscape scenes of <mask>. In 2011, <mask> released "Forever" and "Push" as the album's lead and second singles. "Push" features guest vocals by King Ayisoba and Trigmatic. The music video for "Push" was uploaded to YouTube on 17 May 2011 and features cameo appearances from John Dumelo, Yvonne Okoro and Yvonne Nelson. The album's third single "Bad Man Bad Girl" was released in February 2012; it features vocals by 2face Idibia and was recorded in the summer of 2011. The music video for "Bad Man Bad Girl" was shot in Accra and other parts of Ghana.The MI-assisted track "No Away" was released on 22 June 2012, as the album's fourth single. It was recorded in Ghana and Nigeria and mixed in South Africa. The music video for "No Away" was shot in South Africa and uploaded to YouTube on 12 August 2012, at a total length of 4 minutes and 11 seconds. Liquor brand Kasapreko Company Limited and EKB Records spent $50,000 on the video shoot. The production cost for the video made it one of the most expensive videos released by a Ghanaian artist at that time. The video was unveiled during a ceremony at the XL Club in Accra. On 17 June 2013, <mask> released the album's fifth single "Follow the Leader".On 25 June 2013, EKB Records released the music video for her song "Time 4 Me", which was shot in Yokohama and Tokyo. 2014:"Move" single featuring Uhuru

On 12 April 2014, <mask> released her single "Move". It features vocals by South African group Uhuru and debuted on Bola Ray's Drive Time show on Joy FM. It was produced by Kaywa and written by <mask> and Kiki Banson. The music video for "Move" was uploaded to YouTube on 1 May 2014; it features cameo appearances from Yvonne Chaka Chaka and Hugh Masekela. Kwame Dadzie of Flex Ghana reviewed the song and concluded its rhythm is a replica of "Khona". Artistry, humanitarian work and endorsements
<mask>'s upbringing and surroundings influenced her musical and fashion style.She has established a rescue organization which raises funds to help children affected by HIV/AIDS in Ghana. In 2014, she became a Goodwill ambassador for UNAIDS. On 1 September 2009, GLO Mobile Ghana unveiled <mask> as one of its brand ambassadors. Moreover, the Ministry of Youth and Sports unveiled her as one of Ghana's official ambassadors for the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Notable performances
<mask> performed at the Accra International Conference Centre for MTN's Heroes of Change television series finale. On 26 July 2013, she performed with recording engineer Kwame Yeboah (and his Ohia beye Ya band) to launch her second studio album in Accra. On 20 December 2013, she headlined the third edition of the Girl Talk concert, which occurred at the National Theatre of Ghana.On 24 March 2014, Allsports Ghana reported that <mask> would perform before the kickoff of Ghana Premier League matches to promote the league. Gender discrimination
<mask> was scheduled to sing Ghana's national anthem at the Baba Yara Stadium during the country's World Cup qualifier match against Zambia in September 2013. Unfortunately for her, she did not perform due to a directive by authorities in charge of the match. <mask> expressed her dissatisfaction at the incident while speaking at the UN Cultural Night, which took place at the Alliance Française in Accra. A spokesperson for the Ghana Football Association told Graphic Showbiz they didn't know arrangements had been made for <mask> to sing. Personal life
<mask> is married to Nigerian entrepreneur and artist manager Oluwatobi Sanni Daniel; the couple's wedding was held on 18 August 2018 in Accra. She has one child; a baby girl.Relationship controversy
<mask> was at the center of her former manager (Kiki Banson)'s controversial divorce from his wife. Banson allegedly divorced his wife to marry <mask>. The story went haywire after <mask>'s father reportedly disowned his daughter over her intentions to marry her manager. Discography

Studio albums
Sugar (2007)
Time 4 Me (2013)
Unveiling (2017)

Awards and nominations

Notes

See also
List of Ghanaian musicians
List of Ghanaians

References

External links

Living people
1984 births
People from Kumasi
Alumni of Croydon College
People educated at Wesley Girls' Senior High School
21st-century Ghanaian women singers
21st-century Ghanaian singers

masks:
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Sugar Becca
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