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<mask> (born June 29, 1943 in Tlaquepaque, Mexico) is a Mexican-American writer and professor at Santa Clara University in Santa Clara, California. Personal life
<mask> was born in 1943 in Tlaquepaque, Mexico, as the second oldest of eight children. Up until he was four years old, he lived in a town in the state of Jalisco, Mexico called El Rancho Blanco. His family then immigrated illegally to California to work as migrant farm workers. When he was six years old, he already started working in the fields with his family. Growing up, his family would move with the seasons of crops, causing him to miss months of school every year. When <mask> was in eighth grade, his family was deported back to Mexico.A few months later, they returned legally and settled down in a migrant labor camp in Santa Maria, California called Bonetti Ranch. His father could not work anymore because of severe back problems, so they would no longer move from place to place. Throughout high school, Jiménez and his older brother, Roberto, worked as janitors to support their family. After high school, <mask> went on to attend Santa Clara University, getting his B.A. in Spanish in 1966. He became a US Citizen during his junior year at Santa Clara. Then, he went to Columbia University to get his Master's and Ph.D. in Latin American Literature.At Santa Clara University, Jiménez met his to-be wife, Laura Facchini, and they got married while he was attending Columbia University. They have three children: <mask>, Miguel, and Tomás. Tomás <mask> is (in 2019) full professor in sociology at Stanford University. Career
Jiménez started his career as a professor teaching at Columbia University. He later accepted a position teaching in the Department of Modern Languages and Literature at Santa Clara University, where he worked full-time until 2015. He has received numerous awards for his teaching, including the Dia del Maestro Teacher of the Year Award from Santa Clara County, the David Logathetti Award for Teaching in Excellence from Santa Clara University, and the US Professor of the Year from CASE and the Carnegie Foundation. <mask> has held several administrative positions at Santa Clara University, including, Director of the Division of Arts and Humanities in the College of Arts and Sciences (1981-1990); Associate Vice President for Academic Affairs (1990-1994); Chair, Department of Modern Languages and Literatures (1997-2000) Director, Ethnic Studies (2001-2005)

He is the Co-founder of The Bilingual Review, a scholarly journal dedicated to the study of the linguistics and literature of English Spanish bilingualism in the United States.He has served on various professional boards and commissions, including the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (10 years, two as chair), California Council for the Humanities (5 years, one as vice chair), Accrediting Commission for Senior Colleges and Universities (WASC, 6 years), Santa Clara University Board of Trustees (6 years), the Far West Lab for Educational Research and Development (5 years), ALearn, and the Leadership Board of the College of Arts and Sciences at SCU. In 1997, <mask> published his first autobiographical short novel, The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child (Cajas de Carton, Spanish edition). This book documents his early life, from crossing the border as a child to attending elementary school and working in the fields. There are three sequels to this book, which continue documenting his life through its next few stages. Breaking Through (Senderos Fronterizos, Spanish edition) is about his time in high school, Reaching Out (Más Allá de Mí, Spanish edition) is about his time attending Santa Clara University, and Taking Hold: From Migrant Childhood to Columbia University (Pasos firmes: Desde niñez migrante a la Universidad de Columbia, Spanish edition) documents his years in graduate school. His four-book series—The Circuit, Breaking Through, Reaching Out, Taking Hold--has been included in the American Library Association Booklist's 50 Best Young Adult Books of All Time. <mask> has also written some autobiographical picture books, including La Mariposa (1998) and The Christmas Gift/El regalo de Navidad (2000).In La Mariposa, Jiménez writes about the challenges of not speaking English during his year in first grade. Some awards he has received for his writing include the Americas Award for Children's and Young Adult Literature, the Boston Global Award for Fiction, the Tomás Rivera Mexican American Book Award, the Parents' Choice Award,the Luis Leal Award for Distinction in Chicano/Latino Literature, and the John Steinbeck Award. In 2015 a new school in Santa Maria, California was named in honor of his late brother and him: The Roberto and Dr. <mask>ez Elementary School. He has been featured in Univision's “Aquí y Ahora" and Telemundo, and has received commendations for his work from the U.S. Congress, the California State Senate, and the governor of the State of Jalisco, Mexico. He is currently Professor Emeritus in the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures at Santa Clara University. Selected works
The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child (1997)
La Mariposa (Houghton Mifflin, 1998)
The Christmas Gift/El regalo de navidad (Houghton Mifflin, 2000)
Breaking Through (Houghton Mifflin, 2002) (sequel to Circuit)
Reaching Out (Houghton Mifflin, 2008) (second sequel)
Taking Hold: From Migrant Childhood to Columbia University (Houghton Mifflin, 2015)
Stories Never to be Forgotten, English translation of Historias para tener presente. Arizona State University: The Bilingual Press, 2015.Cajas de Cartón y Senderos Fronterizos. Secretaria de Cultura, Gobierno del Estado de Jalisco, 2008. Cajas de Cartón: relatos de la vida peregina de un niño campesino. Boston: School Division, Houghton Mifflin Co., 2003. Más allá de mí. Houghton Mifflin Co., 2009. Senderos fronterizos, Trade Division, Houghton Mifflin, Co., 2002.Ethnic Community Builders: Mexican Americans in Search of Justice and Power (The Struggle for Citizenship Rights in San Jose, California. AltaMira Pres (co-authored with Alma Garcia & Richard Garcia), 2007
Casse di cartone: Racconti dalla vita di un piccolo contadino emigrante. Italian Translation of The Circuit, published by Achille, 2007. Translation by Victor B. Vari and Nello Proia
Under that Sky, Japanese translation of Breaking Through published by Tokyo: Komine Shoten Ldt, 2005. Cajas de Cartón. Comunicación y Lenguaje III. Guatemala: Editorial Kamar, S.A., 2005.The other side of the Road. Japanese Translation of The Circuit, published by Tokyo: Komine Shoten Ldt, 2004. Little Immigrant's Sky. Chinese Translation of The Circuit: Stories from the life of a migrant child, The Eastern Publishing Company Co., Ltd. 1999. Poverty and Social Justice: Critical Perspectives, Arizona State University: Bilingual Press, 1987. Hispanics in the United States: An Anthology of Creative Literature, Vol. II.Eastern Michigan University: The Bilingual Press, 1982. Mosaico de la vida: prosa chicana, cubana y puertorriqueña. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1981. Hispanics in the United States: An Anthology of Creative Literature, Vol I.Eastern Michigan University: The Bilingual Press, 1980. The Identification and Analysis of Chicano Literature. New York: The Bilingual Press, 1979. Los episodios nacionales de Victoriano Salado Alvarez.Prologue, Andrés Iduarte. Mexico: Editorial Diana, 1974. References

External links
https://www.scu.edu/fjimenez/
<mask>z recorded at the Library of Congress for the Hispanic Division’s audio literary archive on June 28, 2002

Living people
American children's writers
American writers of Mexican descent
Santa Clara University faculty
Writers from Jalisco
Writers from the San Francisco Bay Area
1943 births

masks:
Francisco Jiménez
Francisco Jiménez
Jiménez
Jiménez
Francisco Andrés
Jiménez
Jiménez
Jiménez
Jiménez
Francisco Jimén
Francisco Jimene


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<mask><mask>" <mask> (born 11 March 1966), is an Australian composer, musician and academic. She started her music and academic careers in Perth and relocated to Melbourne in 2017. Her opera, Speechless, was first performed in 2019 at the Perth Festival. At the Art Music Awards of 2020 she won Work of the Year: Dramatic for Speechless. Steve Dow of The Age described the opera, "fuelled by outrage over the imprisonment of asylum seeker children, which features growling and screaming to an unconventional score without musical notation." <mask> has also won the Art Music Award for Excellence in Experimental Music in 2011 for Decibel's 2009–2010 Annual Programs and in 2014 for her Drawn from Sound exhibition. Biography

<mask> was born in 1966.Her father was an RAAF officer and her mother was a nurse; from 9 to 12 years-old she had guitar lessons while her father was based in Penang, Malaysia; upon her reaching secondary school age the family relocated to Perth. She continued with guitar in secondary school and added flute and bass guitar in her final years at Rossmoyne Senior High School. She started at the University of Western Australia in 1984 to complete a Bachelor of Music (Honours) at its Conservatorium of Music in 1989. While a university student she also had to teach herself to play piano to keep up with her studies. One of her teachers, in composition, was English-born Perth-resident Roger Smalley. She was a member of the ALEA Ensemble (named for their aleatoric composition style), in 1989. In 1988 in Italy, <mask> founded the folk-rock indie trio, Micevice, with <mask> on bass guitar, Marta Collica on lead vocals and Giovanni Ferrario on guitar.They recorded an album, Experiments on the Duration of Love (1999), in Melbourne and Catania with Hugo Race co-producing with Ferrario. It was re-release nearly ten years later (November 2008) via My Honey Records. Luigi Gaudio of OndaRock rated it at 7.5 and explained, "The eleven tracks are rare pearls, a cloud of warm smoke that envelops anyone who abandons themselves." After <mask> left, Micevice had released two further albums, Bipolars of the World Unite (2000) and Stop Here: Love Store (2002). Gata Negra (Spanish: Black Cat) was formed early in 1999 in Perth by <mask> on bass guitar, vocals, samples and toys, Myles Durham on drums and Ant Gray on guitar. Their debut album, Cage of Stars, appeared later that year. It was recorded at North Perth Town Hall, where they were joined by Ferarrio on guitars, Guy Fleming on sounds, Jazmine on piano, Boogie Man Krak on turntables, Viv Langham on cello, Sophie Moleta on vocals and glockenspiel, Lindsay Vickery on vocals and Kim Williams on vocals.The group issued two more albums, Saint Dymphanae (2002) and Ruby (2007). Later members included Kristian Brenchley on guitar, Tim Evans on drums (both c. 2000), Bill Darby on guitar, Pete Guazzelli on drums (both c. 2006). In 2009, <mask> formed Decibel New Music Ensemble (also known as Decibel), with <mask> as music director and flautist. Other members have included Vickery on reeds and electronics, Louise Devenish on percussion, Stuart James on piano, percussion, electronics and spatialisation, Tristen Parr on cello, Adam Pinto on piano, Chris Tonkin on electronics and Aaron Wyatt on violin and viola. At the APRA Music Awards' Art Music Awards of 2011 she won the Award for Excellence in Experimental Music for Decibel's 2009–2010 Annual Programs. To celebrate their 10th anniversary, in May 2019, the ensemble performed 10 from 10, which was broadcast nationally on ABC Classic radio's programme, Evenings. It had been recorded live in concert at the Primrose Potter Salon with Duncan Yardley as producer.<mask> performs and records solo noise music using bass guitar. She was also a co-founder of the Perth noise duo Lux Mammoth (1999-2005) with Alien Smith (both on bass guitar and electronics); and founder and bassist in Abe Sada (2004-2014). She is the founder of the Low Tone Orchestra (2020-), The Australian Bass Orchestra (2014-) and is a performer in noise duos Super Luminum (with guitarist Lisa MacKinney, 2015-), HzHzHz (with cellist Tristen Parr, 2016-) and Candied Limbs (with clarinettist Vickery, 2012-). As a flute player, she has worked with French composers Eliane Radigue and . Her solo bass noise piece for dance artist Rakini Devi appeared on the various artists' compilation album, Extreme Music from Women, issued by the Susan Lawly label in 2000. Since then she has released a wide range of music compositions and performances on music labels around the world, most recently on the Swiss label Hat Hut. Rosalind Appleby, a music journalist, in her book, Women of Note: the Rise of Australian Women Composers (2012), addressed the work of <mask> in the chapter, "Third wave 1980-2010: <mask>hie Travers and <mask>".In honour of Roger Smalley, who died in August 2015, <mask> directed Decibel, to reinvigorate his works, which had been "performed in the pioneering electro-acoustic ensemble Intermodulation", for a concert in June 2016. The West Australians Appleby observed, "[they] brought the little-known repertoire back to life. Their concert... paid fascinating homage to Smalley." <mask> delivered the Peggy Glanville-Hicks Address in November 2018, "All Music for Everyone: Working Towards Gender Equality and Empowerment in Australian Music Culture", in Adelaide, Melbourne and Perth. It was followed by the premiere of her work, Silenced, co-composed with Dobromila Jaskot. Her opera, Speechless, was first performed in February 2019 at the Perth Festival. <mask> wrote it as a response to The Forgotten Children: National Inquiry into Children in Immigration Detention presented by the 2014 Human Rights Commission.Australian Arts Review writer described it as, "a compelling, courageous and visceral sonic world paying homage to people whose voices are rendered silent through political means." It was performed by the soloists Judith Dodsworth (soprano), Karina Utomo (metal singer of Young and Restless, High Tension), Caitlin Cassidy (improvising mezzo-soprano), Sage Pbbbt (non-binary throat singer) with backing by Australian Bass Orchestra, Decibel New Music Ensemble, and Aaron Wyatt as conductor. In March of the following year it was broadcast, in two parts, on ABC Classic's New Wave. At the Art Music Awards of 2020 <mask>, and the performers, won Work of the Year: Dramatic for Speechless. Academic career

<mask> is a music academic, with research areas in animated notation, gender and music, digital archives, Australian music and artistic research in composition and performance. She lectured in classical music and music technology at the Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts at Edith Cowan University between 2004 and 2010, and was the Inaugural Associate Dean (Research) there in 2016 after Postdoctoral Fellowship. <mask> holds a PhD in Art from RMIT University, her thesis, "The Possibility of Infrasonic Music", was delivered in 2010.She was the Professor of Music at Sir Zelman Cowen School of Music at Monash University, where she was head of school from 2017 to 2020. Awards and fellowship

Her first portrait CD, Ephemeral Rivers, was released in 2017 on the Hat [Art] Hut label, and won the Deutscher Kritikerpreis that same year. <mask> Ranieri Fellowship, an AsiaLink residency (Singapore, Theatreworks) and the Peggy Glanville-Hicks House Residency in Paddington (2014). APRA Music Awards

APRA AMCOS (Australasian Performing Right Association, Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society) and Australian Music Centre (AMC) have co-sponsored the annual APRA Music Awards: Art Music Awards (originally Classical Music Awards) since 2002. Previously AMC had provided their own annual classical music awards from 1988. <mask> has been awarded three Art Music Awards, the Award for Excellence in Experimental Music in 2011 and in 2014 and Work of the Year: Dramatic for her first opera, Speechless in 2020.

! University of WA (AUS).CD. (2013)
 Ephemeral Rivers. hat[now]ART 200: Switzerland. CD (2017)
 The Sinister Glamour of Modernity, on Australia: East and West, CD,  Wirripang, (2020)

with Abe Sada
 Subzilla, Bloodstar, CD (2007)
 Tatare Steppe, VLZ Produkt, CD (2008)
 Redux, Heartless Robot LP (2009)
 The Low Chord, Kabutsuri Tape International, CD (2009)

with Gata Negra
 Ruby, Bloodstar (Aus), LP (2007)

with Lux Mammoth
 New Gauge Sinner, Pre Feed label (Italy), CD (2007)

with Decibel
 In the Cut, Kuklinski's Dream on Disintegration: Mutation. HellosQare Records, CD (2010)
 Longing on Stasis Ecstatic. Heartless Robot Productions, LP (2014)
 The Lowest Drawer on Tuned Darker, LP, Listen|Hear: Perth LP (2015)
 The Earth Defeats Me and Last Days of Reality on Last Days of Reality, CD Room 40, RM4102 (2018)

with Candied Limbs
 Sub Project 54 Tura Records, CD (2013)

with Louise Devenish
 Tone Being on Music for Percussion and Electronics, CD, Tall Poppies TP428 (2017)

with Monash Art Ensemble
 Dark Hip Falls on Hear, Now, Here CD FMR (2019)

Gabriella Smart
 Kaps Freed on Works for Travelling Pianos, CD, ezz-thetics 1012 (2020)

Collaborations
Decibel new music ensemble 2009 -
Low Tone Orchestra (2020-)
The Australian Bass Orchestra (2014-)
Super Luminum (2015 -)
HzHzHz (2016-)
Candied Limbs (2012-)
Abe Sada (2006 - 2014)
Lux Mammoth (2000 - 2005)
cAVity (2001-2004)
Gata Negra (1999 - 2006)
Micevice (1995 -1997)
Quartered Shadows (1990-1992)
Alea Ensemble (1989, 1992)

Bibliography

As a primary author

 Hope, Cat; Ryan, John Charles (2014-06-19). Digital Arts: An Introduction to New Media.Bloomsbury Publishing USA. .

As a contributor
 Burke, Robert; Onsman, Andrys (2017-01-23). Perspectives on Artistic Research in Music. Lexington Books. .
 Sant, Toni (2017-03-23). Documenting Performance: The Context and Processes of Digital Curation and Archiving. Bloomsbury Publishing. .
Fabian, Dorottya; Napier, John (2018-10-30). Diversity in Australia's Music: Themes Past, Present, and for the Future. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. .Academic papers
<mask> has also authored over 70 academic papers according to Google Scholar. References

External links

<mask> profile on Australia Adlib
<mask> noise reviews
<mask> AMC represented composer

1966 births
Living people
Australian composers
Australian flautists
Noise musicians
Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts faculty
Monash University faculty
Australian women composers

masks:
Catherine Anne "
Cat
Hope
Hope
Catherine Anne Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Cat
Cat Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Hope
Hopella
Hope
Hope
Cat Hope
Cat Hope
Cat Hope


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<mask> (birthname <mask> e Silva Filho), was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where he graduated in electrical engineering at the Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC). Later, he received a master and doctorate degrees in physics from Purdue University in the United States. In 1991, <mask> was awarded with the Honorary Doctor of Science Degree (called in some universities "Doctor Honoris Causa"), by Purdue University. At the University of São Paulo (USP) he developed a long and successful academic career as a researcher, full-time professor and manager, holding several command position, reaching its vice - presidency and presidency. President of University of São Paulo
Having assumed the presidency of USP in a deep financial crisis due to the hyperinflation that Brazil suffered at that time, he had to combine the need for constant improvement of an institution the size of USP with financial restrictions and a need of a deep reorganization. He cleaned up the university's finances, and improved every major academic (education, research and extension) and institutional indicators. Under his leadership, the university gave priority to the quality of undergraduate teaching, a difficult task in a research university of this level.New majors were created, many of them with classes taught at night, to serve qualified students who had to work. It also began the most innovative and revolutionary major in Brazil at the time, "molecular sciences", which still exists to this day. Graduates of this program frequently go directly to the best PhDs programs in the world, most of them with prestigious grants from the Government of Brazil and abroad. This major was evaluated by a high level commission from the Academy of Sciences of Brazil and was considered an example of teaching excellence and research in the area. During his term as president there was big opening of the University for the population, using the campus as a locus of culture and leisure, putting together more than 120,000 people per weekend and, likewise, amplifying the interaction with the community and businesses, increasing significantly the fund raising to support these programs. President of University of Mogi das Cruzes
Later, he became president of a large private university in Brazil, the University of Mogi das Cruzes. In his three years as president, UMC changed.As a university dedicated to teaching, (outside the capital of São Paulo and without good quality indicators) and no experience in raising research funds and graduate studies, in only 18 months of work the University of Mogi das Cruzes became the second private institution in the ranking of funding of FAPESP (see below), participated as the only private university in the Genome Project (DNA sequencing in Brazil), created and reorganized several research centers and had two master's degree programs approved by the federal agency graduate of accreditation (CAPES) with the best possible assessment given to new programs. Those programs soon after became doctorate programs. In addition, UMC image improved significantly, based on an extensive academic advancement program that modernized the curricula of its more than 30 undergraduate majors, a better qualification of the Faculty, with an increase from 9% to 39% the number of masters and doctors among its professors and increased the number of new applicants from 16,000 to 35,000 candidates, all supported additionally by a solid and aggressive marketing plan. UMC financially not only reached equilibrium during that period but it was also able to capture 11% of its budget derived from other programs besides tuitions. National Synchrotron Light Laboratory
It was as CNPq's Director that he actively participated in the most audacious and significant scientific project in the country at that time – the Brazilian Synchrotron Accelerator. The National Synchrotron Light Laboratory has the largest particle accelerator in Latin America and the first in the southern hemisphere. He was responsible for its conceptual project, creation and coordination of deployment for three years, before returning to USP as its vice-president, in 1986.

International associations
He has also several experiences in international associations.Probably the most important one was ALFA, an international program to enhance the scientific collaboration between Europe and Latin America through the financing of joint research projects and mobility programs for student and researches from 895 Higher Education Institutions (373 from Latin America and 522 from Europe) and also 155 associated institutions composing 596 research networks. He was elected by his peers in the Committee vice-president of the committee for three years. Later, he became the committee's president and hold that place from 1997 to 1999. Other important international experiences as a member of the Columbus Program, a program funded by the European Community with technical support from the Board of Presidents European Community – CRE where he became an international consultant and part of the staff of the training programs for new university presidents in Latin America organized by Columbus. He has also participated in several other international and national committees and boards of prestigious institutions and universities networks in Brazil, United States and Latin America. References

 Purdue University - Honorary Doctor of Science Degree
 USP - Presidents
 USP - Number of Students
 USP - Worldwide University Rank

 Ordinance written by Dr. <mask> to better control USP's finances
 Dr. <mask> talks about USP's focus on undergraduate teaching quality
 USP's Molecular Sciences course
 National Synchrotron Laboratory
 National Synchrotron Laboratory Official Website
 Dr. <mask>'s Participation on the creation of the Synchrotron Laboratory

1938 births
Living people
Brazilian scientists
University of São Paulo faculty
Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro alumni
Purdue University alumni
People from Rio de Janeiro (city)

masks:
Roberto Lobo
Roberto Leal Lobo
Lobo
Lobo
Lobo
Lobo


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<mask> is an American audio engineer, A&R executive, and record producer. He has worked with Tonic, Hole, Jellyfish, The Black Crowes, John Mayer, Weezer, Fiona Apple, Roger Hodgson, Taxiride, Green Day, Counting Crows, No Doubt, Klaxons, Rancid, Panic! at the Disco, Stone Temple Pilots, U2, and many others. Puig has shared Grammy Awards with The Goo Goo Dolls, Sheryl Crow, Vanessa Carlton, John Mayer, Fergie (The Black Eyed Peas), U2, and No Doubt. In 2006, <mask> became an executive vice president at Interscope-Geffen-A&M Records. He has signed Klaxons and Charlotte Sometimes. As an A&R man he works with Shirley Manson, Ashlee Simpson, Klaxons, Charlotte Sometimes, Counting Crows, Puddle of Mudd, and The Like.Prior to his mainstream music production successes, Puig rose to prominence as an engineer in the Contemporary Christian music scene of the mid-eighties. He worked mainly on Myrrh Records releases. He engineered for Christian acts such as Amy Grant, Kathy Troccoli, Leslie Phillips, and Russ Taff. Some of the records he engineered were Grammy-award winning works such as Grant's landmark 1985 LP Unguarded. Discography
Maranatha! 1 (1992)
Jellyfish – Spilt Milk (1993) e/p/m
Michael Crawford – A Touch of Music in the Night (1993) e
Russ Taff – We Will Stand Yesterday and Today (1994) p
The Grays – Ro Sham Bo (1994) p
Michael Crawford – Favorite Love Songs (1994) e
The Black Crowes – Amorica (1994) e/p/m
The Manhattan Transfer – Tonin' (1995) e
Belly – King (1995) e/m
Bette Midler – Bette of Roses (1995) e
The Badloves – Holy Roadside (1995) m
Aimee Mann – I'm with Stupid (1995) m
Tonic – Lemon Parade (1996) e/p/m
Weezer – Pinkerton (1996) e/m
The Black Crowes – Three Snakes & One Charm (1996) e/p/m
Jason Falkner – Presents Author Unknown (1996) m
Steven Curtis Chapman – Signs of Life (1996) m
Susanna Hoffs – Susanna Hoffs (1996) e/p/m
Dimestore Hoods – "Blood in My Eyes" (1996) p
L7 – The Beauty Process: Triple Platinum (1997) m
Talk Show – Talk Show (1997) m
Abra Moore – Strangest Places (1997) m
Lincoln – "Blow" (1997) p/m
Birdbrain – Let's Be Nice (1997) m
Big Wreck – In Loving Memory Of... (1997) m
Third Day – Conspiracy No. 5 (1997) m
Son Volt – Wide Swing Tremolo (1998) m
Nada Surf – The Proximity Effect (1998) m
Clutch – The Elephant Riders (1998) m
The Black Crowes – Sho' Nuff (1998) e/p/m
Athenaeum – Radiance (1998) m
Seven Mary Three – Orange Ave. (1998) m
Better than Ezra – "Like It Like That" (1998) m
Fretblanket – Home Truths from Abroad (1998) m
Semisonic – Feeling Strangely Fine (1998) m
Dada – Dada (1998) p/m
Robbie Williams – I've Been Expecting You (1998) p/m
Hole – Celebrity Skin (1998) m
Ugly Americans – Boom Boom Baby (1998) m
Jeff Black – Birmingham Road (1998) m
Leah Andreone – Alchemy (1998) m
Goo Goo Dolls – Dizzy Up the Girl (1998) p/m
Dovetail Joint – 001 (1999) m
Gus – Word of Mouth Parade (1999) m
Delirious?at the Disco – "Nine in the Afternoon" (2007) m
Charlotte Sometimes – Waves and the Both of Us (2008) p/m
<mask> – Harder Than Easy (2009) m
Kylie Morgan (2010)
Owl City – All Things Bright and Beautiful (2011)
MENEW – Wide Awake Hello (2012)
Eros – Rockstar (2012)
3 Doors Down – The Greatest Hits (2012)

References

External links
<mask> <mask>'s audio plugins collection

Living people
Grammy Award winners
American record producers
American audio engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)

masks:
Jack Joseph Puig
Jack Joseph Puig
Jack Savoretti
Jack Joseph
Puig


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<mask> (17 October 1949 – 2 September 2020) was an Italian art historian, gallerist, teacher, writer, author, politician, and television personality. Biography
<mask> was born in Mulhouse, Alsace in 1949 from an Italian father, builder <mask>, and an Alsatian mother, Aurelia Hauss. He was the fourth of six children. <mask> attended the European School in Varese, and then studied economics and commerce at the Bocconi University in Milan. Despite completing his cycle of studies, <mask> refrained from writing his final dissertation. As he said, "I was enrolled at Bocconi in 1968–1969, but I don't hold a degree. In those years you would go to university to learn, not to graduate".In 1975 he opened Galleria Philippe Daverio in Via Monte Napoleone in Milan, where he mostly focused on the avant-garde movements of the first half of the 20th century. In 1986, he opened the <mask>rio Gallery in New York City. In 1989 he opened a second gallery of contemporary art in Milan, Italy. The gallery eventually went bankrupt and closed in 1997. As a gallerist and publisher, <mask> organized many exhibitions, including Andy Warhol's Last Supper at Galleria del Credito Valtellinese in Milan; he also edited a book on Giorgio de Chirico's work between 1924 and 1929 and a catalogue raisonné on Gino Severini's work. Since 2011 <mask> authored many books with Rizzoli, including The Imaginary Museum (2011); The Long Century of Modernity (2012); Look far to See near You (2013); The Broken Century of avant-garde (2014); The Good Road (2015); Table Art (2015), and Painting Game (2015). In 1999, he was a special correspondent for the television program Art'è on RAI, and he is one of the authors of Art.tù.From 2002 to 2012 he hosted Passepartout, a series on art and culture on Rai 3. Other TV programs he was involved with include Il Capitale and Emporio Daverio. In 2008 he was called by Pier Luigi Pizzi to interpret the narrator Njegus in the operetta The Merry Widow by Franz Lehár at the Teatro alla Scala in Milan. In 2009 he presented the Shock, a ballet on the catharsis of capital defences directed by Andrea Forte Calatti at the Teatro degli Arcimboldi in Milan. Until 2016 he held the post of professor of art at the University of Palermo.<mask> collaborated with magazines and newspapers such as Panorama, Vogue, Corriere della Sera, Liberal, Avvenire, Il Sole 24 Ore, National Geographic, Touring Club, and Architect and National Daily Quotes. He was the editor of Art and Dossier magazine and a consultant for Skira Books. Beginning in 2004 he held a summer conference every year at the Colonos farmhouse in Villacaccia di Lestizza in the province of Udine.In 2010 he was appointed by the Mayor of Palermo as a consultant to the Santa Rosalia Feast. However, during the celebration he had a verbal altercation with some of the contestants and resigned as a result. In September 2010 he was appointed Director of the Landscape Museum of Verbania, on Lake Maggiore, but resigned amid controversy after only two months in the position. From 2011 he was an artistic consultant for the Genus Bononiae project of the Carisbo Foundation in Bologna, which launched the "Bologna shows" exhibitions. <mask> also curated the opening show of the new Palazzo Fava Museum. In 2016 he began working on a new television program called Modern Culture. <mask> died of cancer on 2 September 2020, at the age of 70.Public service
From 1993 to 1997 <mask> was councilor with delegations to Culture, Leisure, Education, and International Relations in the municipality of Milan. He was subsequently involved in an advisory role in the town council of Salemi in Sicily when Vittorio Sgarbi was mayor. In 2009, he was appointed a provincial councilor of Milan in the civic list of Filippo Penati. In 2011, in conjunction with the celebrations for the 150th anniversary of the Unification of Italy, he founded the movement of opinion Save Italy. The movement, with no organizational structure, aims to raise awareness of intellectuals and citizens of all geographic origin to safeguard the immense cultural heritage of Italy; "The English denomination serves to testify that the cultural heritage of Italy belongs not only to Italians but to the whole world, also because Latin is studied today much more in Oxford than in Pavia", said <mask> in one of his lectures. Work

Selected books
 Graphic and glass works. With a work by Gio Ponti and a testimony by Aldo Salvadori, edited by and with Paolo Baldacci, Milan, Galleria Philippe Daverio, 1977.Rome between baroque expressionism and tonal painting. 1929–1943, edited by and with Maurizio Fagiolo dell'Arco and Netta Vespignani , Milan, Mondadori-<mask>, 1984. Amazing art. From Dada to Cracking art, Milan, Mazzotta, 2004.  . The design was born in Milan. History of Kids of Good Family, Milan, Poli.Design, 2005.  .
 Another Story of Design and a Modest Interpretation, Milan, Poli.Design, 2005.  .
 13x17. 1000 artists for an eccentric investigation into art in Italy, edited by and with Jean Blanchaert , Milan, Rizzoli, 2007.  .
 Art is the ship, Milan, Skira-Costa, 2008.  .
 Constellations.Cannavacciuolo. Jori. Massini, Bononia University Press, 2009. The Millennium Adventure. Garibaldi's expedition through the redesigned designs by Giuseppe Nodari, edited by, Milan, Rizzoli, 2010.  .
 Giorgio Milani. The Book of Letters, Milan, Skira, 2010.  .
 Giuseppe Antonello Leone, Milan, Skira, 2010.  . The imaginary museum, Milan, Rizzoli, 2012.  .The art of art, Florence-Milan, Giunti artedossier, 2012.  . The long century of modernity. The imagined museum, Milan, Rizzoli, 2012.  .
 Watch Far To See Near , Rizzoli, Necklace: Illustrated, 2013.  . Calm and quiet. Subliminal Projects by Alessandro Mendini, Michele De Lucchi and Angelo Micheli, Bononia University Press, 2013. Thinking of Art, AlboVersorio, 2013.  . The Long Century of Modernity.The museum imagined, Milan, Rizzoli, 2013. Lois Anvidalfarei, Milan, Skira, 2013. . The broken century of avant-garde. The imagined museum, Milan, Rizzoli, 2014. . In good spirits. Products, Producers, Territories, Communities, Photos of Luca and Pepi Merisio, Cantù, Ecra, 2015. The good road.127 walks in Milan, Lombardy and the surrounding area, Rizzoli, 2015. .
 Painting game. Stories, Ties, Inventions, Rizzoli, 2015. . The good road. 150 walks in Milan, Lombardy and the surrounding area (extended edition with new destinations), Milan, Rizzoli, 2016. .
 Il lungo viaggio del presepe, Novara, Interlinea, 2016. . Le stanze dell'armonia. Nei musei dove l'Europa era già unita, Milan, Rizzoli, 2016. .
 A pranzo con l'arte, with Elena Maria Gregori <mask>, Milan, Rizzoli, 2017. .
 Ho finalmente capito l'Italia. Piccolo trattato ad uso degli stranieri (e degli italiani), Milan, Rizzoli, 2017. .
 Patrizia Comand.La nave dei folli, Milan, Franco Maria Ricci, 2017. .
 Grand Tour d'Italia a piccoli passi. Oltre 80 luoghi e itinerari da scoprire, Milan, Rizzoli, 2018. .
 Quattro conversazioni sull'Europa, Milan, Rizzoli, 2019. .
 Christopher Broadbent. Quel che rimane, with Laura Leonelli, Peliti Associati, 2019. .
 La mia Europa a piccoli passi, Milan, Rizzoli, 2019. .

Video
 2005 – The Museum: Communication and Design (Poly Design, DVD)

Television
 Art.tù (Rai 3)
 Passepartout (Rai 3)
 The Capital of Philippe Daverio (Rai 3)
 Emporio Daverio (Rai 5)

Honors
 Knight of the Order of the Legion of Honor (France)-  Rome, 10 September 2013
 Gold Medal for the Benefits of Culture and Art-  Rome, 25 March 2013. Initiative by the President of the Republic
 Toson d'Or National Award by Vespasiano Gonzaga – Rotary Club Casalmaggiore Viadana Sabbioneta  "For the commitment in spreading the culture and enhancement of historic and artistic Italian." –  Sabbioneta, 12 November 2015

References

1949 births
2020 deaths
People from Mulhouse
Italian art dealers
Italian art curators
Italian art critics
Italian politicians
Italian television personalities
Italian people of French descent

masks:
Philippe Daverio
Daverio
Napoleone Daverio
Daverio
Daverio
Philippe Dave
Daverio
Daverio
Daverio
Daverio
Daverio
Daverio
Daverio
Philippe Daverio
Daverio


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<mask> (October 15, 1888 – February 27, 1953) was an American actor and director. Career
Born in Traver, California, <mask> was half-Cherokee and half-Seneca. He was raised on a ranch. He appeared in hundreds of films during the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s. However, he got his start painting scenery as part of the backstage crew during the silent movie era. By 1911, he was active in films as an actor, writer and director. He freelanced and worked for many of the movie studios, building a solid reputation for his work both on and off screen.<mask> is best remembered for two roles: as the Yankee deserter who trespasses at Tara and is shot by Scarlett in Gone with the Wind (1939); and his memorable characterization of the drunken and sadistic vigilante Smith in The Ox Bow Incident (1943). However, he was most proud of his role as a crotchety, old rancher who refuses water to a Quaker family in the movie Angel and the Badman, until John Wayne's character convinces him to share the water. It was after this latter role that Republic Pictures signed him as the comic sidekick in Monte Hale's Western series. His last film was John Ford's The Sun Shines Bright. Personal life and death
<mask> was married to actress Hedda Nova. He was diagnosed with terminal cancer in late 1952, and committed suicide on February 27, 1953. He is buried in Reedley Cemetery in Reedley, California.Filmography

As actor

 Shannon of the Sixth (1914) - Captain Arlington
 The Invisible Power (1914) - Lorenzo
 The Hazards of Helen (1914) - Benton - a Foreman [Ch. 2]
 The Tragedy on Bear Mountain (1915, Short) - Steve Barty
 The Girl Detective (1915) - (Episode #1, 2, etc.) Mysteries of the Grand Hotel (1915)
 The Pitfall (1915) - Garvin - a Crooked Politician
 Stingaree (1915) - Howie - Stingaree's Partner
 The Social Pirates (1916) - Mona's Accomplice
 Whispering Smith (1916) - Murray Sinclair
 Medicine Bend (1916) - Murray Sinclair
 Judith of the Cumberlands (1916) - Blatchley Turrentine
 The Diamond Runners (1916) - <mask> - the Brains of the I.D.B. (1929) - Railroad-Yard Superintendent
 The Racketeer (1929) - Mehaffy
 His First Command (1929) - Sgt. Bill Connors
 Tomorrow's Youth (1934) - Detective
 Sequoia (1934) - Bergman
 Romance in Manhattan (1935) - Joe - Policeman (uncredited)
 Maybe It's Love (1935) - Expressman (uncredited)
 Carnival (1935) - Policeman (uncredited)
 Shadow of Doubt (1935) - Police Lt. Jack Sackville
 Wilderness Mail (1935) - Jules - Henchman
 Mississippi (1935) - Hefty
 Star of Midnight (1935) - Detective Corbett (uncredited)
 The Case of the Curious Bride (1935) - Fibo Morgan - Florabelle's Cousin (uncredited)
 Public Hero No. 1 (1935) - Rufe Parker
 Calm Yourself (1935) - Detective Roscoe
 The Daring Young Man (1935) - Prison Guard (uncredited)
 The Gay Deception (1935) - Bell Captain
 Riffraff (1936) - Belcher
 It Had to Happen (1936) - Workman (uncredited)
 The Robin Hood of El Dorado (1936) - Wilson
 Mr. Dist.Atty. Springer
 Secrets of a Nurse (1938) - Slice Cavanaugh
 Thanks for Everything (1938) - Guard
 Topper Takes a Trip (1938) - Bartender
 Cafe Society (1939) - Bartender
 Broadway Serenade (1939) - Reynolds
 The Kid from Kokomo (1939) - First Old Man in Fistfight
 It Could Happen to You (1939) - Sandy
 Each Dawn I Die (1939) - Garsky
 Bad Lands (1939) - Curly Tom
 Quick Millions (1939) - Sheriff
 On Your Toes (1939) - Variety Club Bartender (uncredited)
 Heaven with a Barbed Wire Fence (1939) - Empire State Building Guard (uncredited)
 Remember? (1939) - Policeman
 Gone with the Wind (1939) - the Yankee Deserter
 Castle on the Hudson (1940) - Guard (uncredited)
 Star Dust (1940) - Mac, Amalgamated Lab Tech
 Edison, the Man (1940) - Sheriff
 Torrid Zone (1940) - Daniels
 They Drive By Night (1940) - Pete Haig (uncredited)
 South to Karanga (1940) - Slats
 The Westerner (1940) - Chickenfoot
 Men Against the Sky (1940) - Mechanic (uncredited)
 Spring Parade (1940) - Headwaiter (uncredited)
 Tugboat Annie Sails Again (1940) - Pete
 Goin' Fishin' (1940, Short) - Bus conductor
 Street of Memories (1940) - Minor Role (uncredited)
 Bowery Boy (1940) - Blubber Mullins
 Tall, Dark and Handsome (1941) - Biff Sage
 Virginia (1941) - Thomas
 Petticoat Politics (1941) - Slats O'Dell
 The Great Mr. Nobody (1941) - Michael O'Connor
 Caught in the Draft (1941) - Sgt. Jimmy Bagby (final film role)

As director
 The Hazards of Helen (1914 serial) (uncredited)
 A Woman in the Web (1918 serial)
 Play Straight or Fight (1918)
 The Crow's Nest (1922)
 Battling Bunyan (1924)
 Folly of Youth (1925)
 The Law of the Snow Country (1926)
 Blue Streak O'Neil (1926)
 Rider of the Law (1927)

References

 Rothel, David. 1984. Those Great Cowboy Sidekicks. Scarecrow Press, Metuchen, New Jersey.External links

 , with a wardrobe still from Gone With the Wind

1888 births
1953 deaths
American male film actors
American male silent film actors
Suicides in California
20th-century American male actors
People from Tulare County, California
People from Reedley, California
Film directors from California
1953 suicides
Male Western (genre) film actors

masks:
Paul Causey Hurst
Hurst
Hurst
Hurst
Paul


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<mask> is a São Toméan Portuguese singer of Jazz, World music and fado who has recorded several solo albums and has additionally recorded and toured extensively with guitarist António Chainho. She has also appeared on several Hip hop releases, including the Ithaka song, Escape From The City Of Angels, which appeared in Columbia Pictures's feature film release, The Replacement Killers in 1998. Early life

<mask> was born in São Tomé the capital city of the West African island nation of São Tomé and Principe to a Portuguese mother and a São Toméan father. Her grandmother was from Goa, India, (which along with São Tomé is a former Portuguese colony). Her father, <mask>, is credited as the person who proclaimed the liberation of São Tomé from colonial rule. The family relocated to the Lisbon-area of Portugal when <mask> was a young girl. She sang for the first time as a teenager at the Teatro de Animação de Setúbal in Setúbal, Portugal.And later, while briefly living in Germany, studied vocals in Cologne, with the Brazilian singer <mask>. Early career
<mask>' first professional recordings were with the pioneering, Lisbon-based Hip hop tuga artist General D, (originally from Mozambique). She was featured on his songs "Amigo Prekavido" and "Raiz Desenraizadao" for the album Pé Na Tchôn, Karapinha Na Céu (EMI-1995), one of the first hip hop releases in Portugal. The recording (and concerts) with General D led to more acquaintances within the Lisbon music community. She soon recorded the song, "Bairro De Lata" with the jazzy hip hop band, Cool Hipnoise and also recorded the songs "Goodcookies" and "Escape From The City Of Angeles} with Ithaka Darin Pappas, a Greek-American artist residing in Portugal, for his album Flowers And The Color Of Paint. In 1996, <mask> recorded her first solo album, "Y.U.É" produced and composed by UK musician Jonathan Miller for the Portuguese label, União Lisboa. Californian songwriter, Ithaka provided lyrics for two of the tracks, "Learn To Fly" and "Look To The Blue", (on Look To The Blue, Ithaka also appeared as a guest vocalist).The album earned <mask> the "Best Female Vocalist" award at Channel SICTV's annual televised Premios Blitz, (the Portuguese "Grammy Award". António Chainho and <mask> performed together for the first time in November 1998, at a concert in honor of the celebrated guitarist's 30-year career. <mask> sang "Barco Negro" and "Nemes Paredes I confess". It was the beginning of a very fruitful musical association that would last almost a decade. Through the years that she continued to collaborate with other artists on both recordings and live performances. In 1997, she appeared on Ithaka's track "Ursula Of Ithaka" for the album, Stellafly. In 1998, she performed with singing star Kika Santos at the Expo '98 ((1998 Lisbon World Exposition).The song, "Amazing Grace" by African Voices. "Invisivel" by Fernando Cunha for his album Só Há Tempo P´ra Viver Agora. The song and "Nada Mudou" by Santos e Pecadores. In 1999 she also participated on TV personality Herman José's Christmas album. In 1999, <mask> release her second solo effort entitled "Aqui"(Here), which included several cover versions by known Portuguese language artist such as; "Dream" originally by Madredeus, Madresongs such as "Fado Morno", the traditional Galician "En el Sagrado en Vigo", from the songbook of Martim Codax, "Toxicity" of the GNR, Madredeus "Dream", "Eu Contigo "by Sérgio Godinho," Ossobô ", by the Brazilian Marcelo da Veiga," Grão de Arroz "," Senhora "by João Roiz de Castel-Branco," Sou Tua "or" Ahora Baixou o Sol ", this collection Giacometti. This album was nominated for the José Afonso Awards. Until the end of 2001, <mask> toured nationally with the songs from Aqui, also performing concerts in Spain and special a concert in São Paulo, Brazil with Ney Matogrosso, in celebration of the 500th anniversary of the arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil.In 2003, António Chaínho and <mask>, after years of touring internationally together since 1998 released the album "Ao Vivo no CCB" (Live at the Centre Cultural de Bélem, Lisbon), recorded January 28 and 29 of 2003. The record includes seven original tracks, four of which having never been recorded before. The two have continued to collaborate on recordings and live concerts until today. Recent career
<mask> released the album "Quantas Tribos" in 2016. The album is a tribute to five of the greatest poets from São Tomé and Príncipe; Maria Manuela Margarido, Alda Neves da Graça do Espírito Santo, Francisco José Tenreiro, Fernando de Macedo and Conceição Lima. The album utilizes these classic poems as lyrical content, intertwining  <mask>'s vocals over instrumental compositions  provided by the classical guitarist, Oswaldo Santos. Vocalist Carmen Souza participates on the song in "Os Rios Da Tribo" and Angolan poet/vocalist appears Kalaf on the song, "Humanidade".In 2018, <mask> and Goan pianist Carlos Barreto Xavier collaborated on the album, "Bandida", consisting of twelve tracks, utilizing both traditional Portuguese music blending with more modern urbans sounds. The album also features percussionist Ruca Rebordão and Yuri Daniel on electric bass. Albums
1996 <mask> - "Y.U.É" - Label: União Lisboa Label: União Lisboa
1999 <mask> - "Aqui" - Label: Farol Música
2003 António Chainho & <mask> "Ao Vivo No CCB" (Live at the Centro Cultural de Bélem) Label: Movieplay
2016 <mask> "Quantas Tribos" (With guests: Costa Neto, Carmen Souza) Label: Bigbit
2018 <mask> and Barreto Xavier "Bandida"

Singles
1996 <mask> "Gritar" - Label: União Lisboa
1996 <mask>as "Mouraria" - Label: União Lisboa
2006 <mask> & António Chainho "Fado Tão Bom" - Label: Movieplay

Appearances on compilations
2005 LJS & Marta Dias "Barca Bela" Album: Composto De Mudança (Música Para Se Deixar Levar)Label: Som Livre
2006 <mask> & António Chainho "Fado Tão Bom" - Label: Movieplay

Guest appearances
1995 "Amigo Prekavido" General D feat. <mask> - Album: Pé Na Tchôn, Karapinha Na Céu - Label: EMI
1995 "Raiz Desenraizadao "General D feat. <mask> - Album: Pé Na Tchôn, Karapinha Na Céu - Label: EMI
1995 "Escape From The City Of Angels" Ithaka feat. Marta Dias - Album: Flowers And The Color Of Paint
1995 "Goodcookies" Ithaka feat' Marta Dias - Album: Flowers And The Color Of Paint
1995 "The Umbilibus"Ithaka feat. Lince & Marta Dias - Album: Flowers And The Color Of Paint
1995 Ithaka feat.<mask> "Escape From The City Of Angels" Album: Flowers And The Color Of Paint
1995 "Bairro de Lata - Cool Hipnoise feat. <mask> - Album: Nascer Do Soul - Label:NorteSul/Valentim de Carvalho
1997 "Ekos Do Passado" General D feat. <mask> & Ithaka - ALbum: Kanimambo - Label: EMI
1997 "Ursula Of Ithaka" Ithaka feat. <mask> - Album: Stellafly - Label: Nortesul/Valentim de Carvalho
1997 "Nobody Knows" <mask> and African Voices
1997 "Nada Mudou" - Santos e Pecadores
1998 "Fadinho Simples" - António Chainho
1998 "Só Há Tempo P´ra Viver Agora" Fernando Cunha feat. <mask> - Label: BMG
1999 "Silent Night" - Herman José [1999]
2011 "Luminoso" Fernando Alvim – Album: Fados & Canções - Label: Universal Music Group
2012 "Fadinho Simples" António Chainho feat. <mask> - Album: Entre Amigos - Label: Movieplay
2017 O Homem do Fraque" Dizzy –  Album: O Homem Invisível

The Replacement Killers
In 1998, three years after its release, the Ithaka song "Escape From The City Of Angels" (that featured <mask> in the infectious choruses) was used in the soundtrack of director Antoine Fuqua's feature film debut Replacement Killers released by Columbia Pictures. The song played during a critical getaway scene that involved the actors; Chinese superstar Chow Yun-fat, Oscar-winner Mira Sorvino and Screen Actors Guild Award "Best Actor" winner Clifton Collins Jr. Other musical artists on the soundtrack included; The Crystal Method, Talvin Singh, Tricky, Death In Vegas, Hed PE, and Brad.External links
 Discogs
 Facebook

References

Living people
20th-century Portuguese women singers
Portuguese fado singers
Singers from Lisbon
Portuguese hip hop musicians
Year of birth missing (living people)
Portuguese people of São Tomé and Príncipe descent
21st-century Portuguese women singers

masks:
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Nuno Xavier Dias
Marta
Marta Laurito
Marta Dias
Marta
Marta
Marta Dias
Marta Dia
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Di
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias
Marta Dias


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<mask> (April 20, 1939 – February 4, 2012) was an American poet and editor, and served as the Poet Laureate of the state of West Virginia from her appointment by Governor Gaston Caperton in January 1994 until her death. Biography
Third oldest of her parents' (Ralph Durrett and Celia Phares Durrett) six children, <mask> was born and grew up in Belington,
Barbour County, WV on a 300-acre farm that had been in her family for generations. She had 5 siblings (2 older siblings named Harold Durrett and Eleanor Leary and 3 younger siblings named Ralph Waldo Durrett or Wally, Janet Stonerook or Janey and Eileen Martin). Her family grew most of their food on their farm due to the struggle of living on one income and having to feed 8 mouths in the house. She attended a one-room school, Concord School, for first through fifth grades. <mask> recalls that her second grade teacher, Mrs. Teeter, recognized and encouraged her by giving her a double promotion from second to fourth grade. From a young age, her father Ralph Durrett, a schoolteacher, read her works by Ralph Waldo Emerson, William Wordsworth, Edgar Allan Poe, and Pinocchio.She is also quoted to have read "Byron, Sheep Shearing in America, Kiss Me Deadly, and Paradise Lost. <mask> graduated Belington High School in 1956 married her high school boyfriend <mask> at Fort Ashby, West Virginia; they later had 2 children named Julia Vickers nee McKinney and <mask>. Initially a stay-at-home mom, her interest in poetry and literature was piqued when she discovered that the library in Buckhannon (Buckhannon Public Library) where she lived had a lot of books that she was really interested in learning from. Through this activity, she became highly influenced by the likes of Emily Dickinson and Sylvia Plath. Even though her husband was reluctant to her going back to school to further her education, she pursued her Bachelors, Master's, and even her PHD. She received her B.A. in English Literature at West Virginia Wesleyan College in 1968, her M.A.at West Virginia University in 1970 and her PhD in English literature with a doctorate in creative writing from the University of Utah in 1980. She later got a fellowship from West Virginia University for her work and was also one of the first students to complete a creative thesis at WV University. Her dissertation was her first poetry collection, Room for the Wakers. <mask> was also the protégé of and editor for Louise McNeill, fellow poet and the predecessor to the Poet Laureate position for West Virginia from 1979 to her death in 1993. <mask> helped edit for her and her friendship and relationship with Louise helped her move towards focusing on regionalism (focusing on local dialect, customs, and other features for a specific region) in her writing and poems. McKinney's poetry is steeped in the rural Appalachian landscape and frequently explores the connections between people and place. Though she retired in 2000, she was still active and continued to teach at Wesleyan College.During the last two years of her life, she worked tirelessly to fulfill her dream of a program at West Virginia Wesleyan College where “good writing was the center of a community, with its roots in the region of the writers yet also being able to reference the outside world”. She worked on developing the Low-Residency MFA (Master of Fine Arts) Program here. Due to her work with this now developed program at West Virginia Wesleyan College, West Virginia has dedicated an award in her name: the <mask>inney Award for West Virginia Wesleyan MFA Students. Additionally, the West Virginia Wesleyan College has honored the late founder of the MFA program by setting up the McKinney Postgraduate Teaching Fellowship, which offers an MFA program graduate an opportunity to gain experience in teaching while being closely mentored by practiced faculty members. She died of cancer at the family home in Barbour County at the age of 72. McKinney was proud of her West Virginia rural heritage, which she constantly referenced in her poetry. She said, "When people say this state is backward, I simply am astounded.I had access to a farm community, a small peaceful town and school and good, dedicated teachers. I was in nature and in literature--a perfect combination for a writer". She also said, "I'm a hillbilly, a woman, and a poet and I realized early on that nobody was going to listen to anything I had to say, so I might as well just say whatever I wanted to". Teaching
As a teacher, she taught at West Virginia Wesleyan College (Professor Emeritus - from 1971 until she went to complete her Master's and then she came back in 1991 as a professor of English and director of creative writing), Buckhannon-Upshur High School (she taught now well-known novelist Jayne Anne Phillips), Western Washington University, UC Santa Cruz, Hamilton College, Potomac State College, University of Utah, and Huttonsville Correctional Center. She was also a Writer-in-Residence at UC Santa Cruz, Western Washington University at Bellingham, University of New Mexico at Albuquerque, Hamilton College, Lynchburg College, Alderson-Broaddus College (visiting writer-in-residence), and University of Kerala, India. She was also a Poet-in-Residence at West Virginia Commission of the Arts. Awards
She was awarded residencies at The Bread Loaf Writers' Conference, The Utah Arts Council, Kentucky Foundation for Women, West Virginia Center for the Creative Arts, Blue Mountain Center, and Potomac State College of West Virginia University named her a 2005 Whitmore-Gates Scholar.She was also awarded/granted fellowships at MacDowell Colony in 1982 and 1995, and at the National Endowment for the Arts in 1986 for Creative Writing. As for individual awards, she received The Utah Arts Council Prize Award in Fiction, The Breadloaf Scholarship, Cincinnati Review Annual Poetry Prize, Kentucky Foundation for Women Award, and the Appalachian Mellon Scholarship. Poetry collections

Room for the Wakers
The Girl With the Stone in Her Lap (North Atlantic Books, 1976)
The Wasps at the Blue Hexagons (Small Plot Press, 1984)
Quick Fire and Slow Fire (North Atlantic Books, 1988)
Six O'Clock Mine Report (University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989)
Vivid Companion (Vandalia Press, 2004)
Unthinkable: Selected Poems 1976-2004 (Red Hen Press, 2009)

As editor
Backcountry: Contemporary Writing in West Virginia (Editor, Vandalia Press, 2002)
Cofounder of Trellis, a West Virginia Poetry Journal, with fellow Appalachian Poet Maggie Anderson and Winston Fuller in 1971 (she worked on it from 1973 - 1979). Assistant Editor for Quarterly West, an American literary magazine at the University of Utah

References

External links
Poem, 'Visiting My Gravesite: Talbott Churchyard, West Virginia' (from Unthinkable) online at Poetry Foundation
West Virginia Wesleyan College
Poetry Foundation biography

1939 births
2012 deaths
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
American editors
American women poets
Deaths from cancer in West Virginia
People from Barbour County, West Virginia
Poets Laureate of West Virginia
University of Utah alumni
University of Utah faculty
West Virginia University alumni
West Virginia Wesleyan College alumni
Writers from West Virginia
20th-century American poets
American women academics

masks:
Irene McKinney
Irene McKinney
McKinney
Irene
Joe McKinney
Paul McKinney
McKinney
Irene
Irene McK


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<mask> (born March 20, 1997) is a Latvian ice hockey player, currently playing with the Maine Black Bears in the Hockey East conference of the NCAA Division I. Miljone has been a member of Latvian national team since 2013 and has participated in seven IIHF Women's World Championships at the Division IA and IB levels. Prior to her college ice hockey career, Miljone played five seasons in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL), spending two seasons with Modo Hockey Dam (2013–2015) and three seasons with Leksands IF Dam (2015–2018). Miljone and her mother, <mask>, made history as the first mother-daughter duo to play in the same IIHF World Women's Championship, first appearing together at the 2013 Division IA tournament, and again in 2014 and 2016. At the 2017 IIHF Women's World Championship they represented Latvia as player and coach. Playing career
Miljone participated in the IIHF European Women's Champions Cup (EWCC) in 2013 with SHK Laima Rīga. The fifteen year old lead the team with a total of 3 points in three games, recording 2 points (1 goal+1 assist) against Vålerenga Ishockey and netting Laima's lone goal against Hvidovre IK. Laima lost all three round robin games in the first round and did not progress in the tournament.SDHL

For the 2013–14 season, Miljone moved from her native Latvia to Örnsköldsvik, Sweden in order to play with Modo Hockey Dam of the Riksserien (renamed SDHL in 2015). She joined an impressive roster, which included players from the Swedish, Finnish, and Norwegian national teams, under the captaincy of Erika Grahm, with Emma Nordin and Johanna Olofsson serving as alternates. Miljone recorded 9 points (4+5) in 27 games during her rookie campaign, good for 11th in team scoring despite being the youngest regularly rostered player. Modo Hockey finished the regular season in first place and went on to the 2014 SDHL finals, where they settled for Swedish Championship silver medals after falling to Linköping HC Dam. Miljone followed up her rookie season with 12 points (4+8) in 32 games in her second season with Modo Hockey. In the 2015–16 SDHL season Miljone left Modo to sign with Leksands IF Dam. She posted 5 goals and 5 assists (10 points) in 29 games.In 2016–17, Miljone scored 11 goals and 9 assists, her highest scoring SDHL season. Miljone was ranked second for scoring on Leksands IF with a total of 20 points. In the 2017–18 SDHL season, Miljone posted 8 goals and 8 assists in 30 games. NCAA
For the 2018-19 season, Miljone moved from Sweden to Maine, United States of America to play with Maine Black Bears of the NCAA Division I Hockey East. Miljone recorded 12 points (3+9) in 27 games during her rookie campaign and scored her first collegiate goal in her second collegiate game. Miljone followed up her rookie season with 28 points (10+18) in 37 games in her second season with Maine Black Bears. Miljone was ranked third on Maine Black Bears with 10 goals, 89 shots, 43 blocked shots, and ranked second on the team with 18 assists.Maine Black Bears beat Boston University in quarterfinals in best-of-3 and played in Hockey East semifinals for the second time in Maine Black Bears history. In 2020-21 season, Miljone posted 1 goal and 2 assists, and was ranked fifth on team with 19 blocked shots in only 10 games. Maine Black Bears made it to Hockey East semifinals for the third time in Maine Black Bears history. International play

<mask> first played in an IIHF tournament in 2013 when she joined the Latvian national team at the 2013 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group A in Stavanger, Norway. Remarkably making history with her mother Inese Geca-<mask> as first mother-daughter duo playing in an IIHF tournament. Miljone was named the best Latvian player of the game after scoring her first goal in the national team against Norway. The sixteen year old led Latvian national team with 4 points (3+1) in 5 games and was recognized as the best player of Latvian national team at the 2013 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I.In 2014 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B games in Ventspils, Latvia, Miljone posted with 3 goals and 3 assists in only 2 games, and was named the best Latvian player of the game against Hungary. Latvian national team finished the tournament with gold medals. In 2015 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group A in Rouen, France, Miljone led Latvian national team with 3 points (2+1) in 5 games, and was named the best Latvian player of the game against Denmark. In 2016 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B in Asiago, Italy, Miljone posted 7 goals in 5 games. Miljone scored her first hat-trick in Latvian national team in only 9 minutes and 24 seconds in the tournaments first game against Kazakhstan, and was named the best Latvian player of the game. Miljone led the tournament with most goals and was named the best player of Latvian national team at the 2016 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I tournament. Latvian national team finished the tournament with silver medals.Miljone had a career-high 10 point IIHF tournament in 2017 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B in Katowice, Poland. Miljone posted her second career hat-trick in Latvian national team in the first game of the tournament, and was named the best Latvian player of the game against China. Miljone posted 5 goals and 5 assists in 5 games, earning the 2017 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B best forward award. Latvian national team finished the tournament with bronze medals. In 2018 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B in Asiago, Italy, Miljone posted 2 goals and 2 assists in 5 games, and was named the best Latvian player of the game against China. Latvian national team finished the tournament with bronze medals. In 2019 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I Group B games in Beijing, China, Miljone posted 1 goal in 4 games.Miljone was named the best Latvian player of the game against Netherlands. Personal life
Miljone is quadrilingual, she can speak in four different languages. She has played basketball and floorball. Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

European Women's Champions Cup

International

Awards and honours

References

External links

 Līga Miljone at the Latvian Ice Hockey Federation
 Līga Miljone at the University of Maine Athletics
 Līga Miljone at USCHO.com

Living people
1997 births
Sportspeople from Riga
Latvian women's ice hockey players
Maine Black Bears women's ice hockey players
Leksands IF players
Modo Hockey players
Latvian expatriate ice hockey people
Expatriate ice hockey players in the United States

masks:
Lga Miljone
Inese Geca Miljone
Miljone
Miljone


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<mask> (May 4, 1937 – May 29, 2016) was an American underwater archaeologist, considered the founding father of the field in the National Park Service. A native Californian, he did undergraduate and graduate work at Stanford University, and began his career with the National Park Service in 1959, which included assignments in six parks, the Washington, D.C. Office, and the Southeast Archaeological Center from which he retired in 1988. He began teaching courses in underwater archaeology at Florida State University in 1974 and co-instructed inter-disciplinary courses in scientific diving techniques. After retirement from the NPS his FSU activities were expanded and his assistance helped shape the university's program in underwater archaeology. <mask> was a true pioneer in the field of underwater archaeology and his students are now professors in the U.S. and abroad, serve as state, federal, and territorial archaeologists, direct non-profit research organizations, and work in the private sector. He founded and oversaw the  underwater archaeology program for the National Park Service in 1968, and was involved with many of the early shipwreck excavations that are now required reading in introductory textbooks (such as the 1554 Padre Island galleons,   1733 galleon San Jose, 1622 galleon Rosario, 1748 British warship HMS Fowey, 1865 steamboat Bertrand). <mask> taught, as a volunteer at no cost to the university, for almost 30 years at Florida State University, which enabled their underwater archaeology program and introduced hundreds of students to this field.Personal life
<mask> was born in Susanville, Lassen County, to <mask> <mask>, a forester with the United States Forest Service, and <mask> <mask>, a school teacher. He was raised in various small towns in northern California, including Alturus, Quincy and Tulelake. While in Tulelake, his mother taught school children at the Tule Lake War Relocation Center, and found it more convenient to bring young <mask> along and teach him with the interned Japanese children. <mask> soon distinguished himself as the only Caucasian child that was hurling stones at the guards during recess. He met his wife, Nancy (Jane) <mask> while attending Stanford and they were married on June 20, 1961. Nancy gave birth to their only child, <mask> <mask>, on May 9, 1963, while <mask> was stationed at Montezuma Castle National Monument in Arizona. <mask> and Nancy lived in Tallahassee, Florida, during his career with the Southeast Archeological Center and Florida State University, and after his retirement.He died in Tallahassee, Florida, on May 29, 2016. He is survived by his wife and son. Education
<mask> attended Stanford University, performing his Undergraduate work from 1955 to 1960 and earning his Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology, with minor concentrations in English and Geology. He continued with graduate school at Stanford from 1960–62 and has completed all requirements for his Master of Arts in Anthropology except thesis. <mask> dabbled part-time as a special student at Florida State University from 1972 to 1973 while employed at the Southeast Archaeological Center. Employment
<mask> was employed with the National Park Service from 1959 to 1988, starting as a seasonal Park Ranger and archaeologist from 1959 to 1962 in Mesa Verde National Park and Wupatki National Monument. In 1962 he became a full-time employee with the NPS as Park Archaeologist at Montezuma Castle National Monument, and in 1964 he took a position as the Park Archaeologist at Ocmulgee National Monument.In 1966 <mask> moved on to become a Staff Archaeologist at the Division of Archaeology and Anthropology for the NPS in Washington, D.C. There <mask> performed general archaeological resource management and research and was able to pursue interests in underwater archaeology. 1972 saw <mask> transferring to Tallahassee to take a position as a Research Archaeologist at the Southeast Archaeological Center, and that institution's close association with the Florida State University Department of Anthropology led to <mask>'s work with archaeology faculty and students there. Upon his retirement from the NPS in 1988, <mask> became a Courtesy Assistant Professor for the Department of Anthropology. During his tenure at Florida State, he served as an instructor of underwater archaeology courses, lectured on topics relating to underwater archaeology for courses in historical archaeology, public archaeology, and Southeast colonial history, and assisted or co-instructed courses in scientific diving techniques and project management through the Academic Diving Program. <mask>'s instruction and mentoring capacities lessened in the late 1990s as he shifted more into retirement mode. Archaeological achievements
<mask> served as principal investigator on field projects undertaken through his Park Service and FSU career in two areas of Gulf Islands National Seashore; Castillo de San Marcos, Fort Jefferson, and Fort Matanzas National Monuments in Florida; and Fort Frederica National Monument in Georgia.Projects in Florida outside the National Park System included investigations at Fort Picolata, St. John's County; a survey for HMS Fox (1799) at St. George Island; a survey of Ballast Cove, Dog Island; an underwater survey of Wakulla Springs; a project involving applications of underwater archaeological techniques to crime scene investigation for the Florida Department of Law Enforcement; and several investigations of shipwreck sites in Mobile Bay. He also taught portions of workshops that the Academic Diving Program has sponsored for outside agencies. Montezuma Well
In the earliest underwater archaeological investigations by the Park Service (October, 1968), <mask> directed a survey and testing of Montezuma Well, Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona. Steamboat Bertrand
From July to September, 1969, <mask> served as field coordinator on the excavation of the 19th century steamboat Bertrand at Desoto National Wildlife Refuge on the Missouri River near Blair, Nebraska. Over 200,000 items were excavated from the wreck, whole objects in incredible condition, still packed in the original crates, with the names of the manufacturers, shippers and consignees; all dated to the morning of April 1, 1865. This opened his eyes to the "time capsule" nature of historic shipwreck sites, allowing one to see a specific day and an event caught in time, rather than working with fragments of artifacts and historical trash. Padre Island National Seashore
In 1970 <mask> headed up what came to be one of the first serious underwater archaeology investigations by National Park Service starting with a terrestrial metal detector survey and preliminary assessment of underwater archaeological resources at Padre Island National Seashore in Texas.Preliminary research led to an underwater archaeological survey of 1554 Spanish Plate Fleet wrecks there, and excavation of the Galleon San Esteban, sponsored by Texas Antiquities Committee. Fort Jefferson
Fort Jefferson is a US Third System Fort 70 miles west of Key West in the Gulf of Mexico, and is the largest brick masonry fortification in the western hemisphere. In the late 1960s and early 1970s <mask> led evaluations of underwater archaeological resources, limited underwater archaeological survey and excavations, and extensive underwater archaeological survey and testing activities. The 1969 work marked the first extensive shipwreck survey by the NPS on park property, noting more than 20 sites. He also participated with staff of Earth Satellite Corporation in a remote sensing survey for historic shipwreck sites, and assisted in analysis of data. Work was conducted at Fort Jefferson in 1981 and 1982 in partnership with Florida State University. 1622 galleon Rosario
In the summer of 1981 and 1982 <mask> directed underwater archaeological investigations of what is considered the wreck of the Nuestra Señora del Rosario of the 1622 Spanish fleet, as well as an unidentified patache of the same fleet.This investigation revealed what could represent one of the pataches that was sent to salvage the Rosario less than a month after the hurricane that sank it, possibly documenting the speed with which the Spanish salvaged their own wrecks. HMS Fowey
 was a fifth rate British warship, carrying 44 guns and over 200 men, captained by a descendant of Sir Francis Drake's brother. It had scored victories over French and Spanish ships in battle, but was lost on a reef at what is now known as the Legare Anchorage in Biscayne National Park in 1748. The sunken vessel became the subject of an ownership dispute with a part-time treasure salvor who presumed that it was part of the Spanish treasure fleet. Through legal conflicts and systematic surveys and archaeological investigations of the 1980s and 1990s, <mask> and his staff from the Park Service and students from Florida State University not only identified the sunken vessel but won a legal battle that effectively changed how Admiralty law was applied to submerged shipwreck sites. The court found that the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 was to be applied to submerged shipwreck sites as it is to historic sites on land, no longer allowing plundering by individuals using marine salvage and Admiralty law to profiteer from the non-archaeological salvage of a historic shipwreck in National Park grounds. This activity is seen by many of his colleagues and former students as <mask>'s defining act.Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology
<mask> was also a founding member of the Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology, an international committee of the Society for Historical Archaeology that provides advice and assistance to governments, institutions, and individuals on matters relating to the field. He currently holds emeritus status. FSU ADP
During the period of <mask>'s tenure as a courtesy professor the FSU Coastal and Marine Laboratory's Academic Diving Program, established in 1975, grew to one of the largest and most active diving research, support, and training programs in the United States. The Marine Lab and Academic Diving Program traditionally supports the research diving needs of faculty and students from many departments, as well as several outside agencies, including the Florida Geological Survey and the US Environmental Protection Agency. <mask> assisted or co-instructed courses in scientific diving techniques and project management through the Florida State University Academic Diving Program from 1976 through his retirement from the Park Service in 1988, and continued as a co-instructor until 2002. His input and continuity over three decades was instrumental in the expansion and ongoing development of this program. Publications
<mask>, with primary author and former student <mask>. Skowronek, authored the book HMS Fowey Lost and Found: Being the Discovery, Excavation, and Identification of a British Man-of-War Lost off the Cape of Florida in 1748, published by the University Press of Florida on January 26, 2009.<mask>, <mask>. (1975) A Survey of the Offshore Lands of Gulf Islands National Seashore, Florida. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 3(2):338-339. <mask>, <mask>. (1975) "Archeological Assessment of Biscayne National Monument." Southeast Archeological Center, National Park Service, Tallahassee, Florida. <mask>, <mask>. (1980) "Interim Report: Underwater Archeological Survey of Legare Anchorage, Biscayne National Park." Southeast Archeological Center, National Park Service, Tallahassee, Florida. <mask>, <mask>. and <mask>. Johnson (1982) "Fort Jefferson National Monument Overview, Research Design, and Scope of Work, Investigations of Site FOJE-UW-9 (8MO83)."Southeast Archeological Center, National Park Service, Tallahassee, Florida. Skowronek, <mask>., <mask>. Johnson, <mask>. Vernon and <mask><mask> (1987) "The Legare Anchorage Shipwreck Site-Grave of HMS Fowey". International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 16(4):313-324. <mask>, <mask>. and Philip R. Gerrell (1990) An Underwater Archaeological Assessment of Cultural Resources Located at the Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park (8WA24), Florida. In Underwater Archaeology Proceedings from the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference, edited by Toni Carrell, pp. 125–128. Society for Historical Archaeology, Tucson, Arizona.McLean, Cecil W. and <mask><mask> (1991) Investigation of the Civil War Blockade Runner Ivanhoe. Florida State University Department of Anthropology. <mask>, <mask>. (1993) The Conference on Underwater Archaeology and The Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology: A Brief History. In Underwater Archaeology Proceedings from the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference, edited by Shelli O. Smith, pp. 2–6. Society for Historical Archaeology, Kansas City, Missouri. <mask>, <mask>. (1999) The History of Underwater Archaeology at Florida State University: a Retrospective of the Past and a Look to the Future.In Underwater Archaeology Proceedings from the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference, edited by Adrian A. Neidinger and Matthew A<mask>, pp. 80–84. Society for Historical Archaeology, Salt Lake City, Utah. Awards and honors
The Department of Anthropology at Florida State University dedicated its George R. Fischer Laboratory of Underwater Archaeology to <mask> (see photograph at top of page). LAMP and the St. Augustine Lighthouse awarded <mask> a Lifetime Achievement award, for his “many contributions to the field of underwater archaeology, and to the education of this and future generations of underwater archaeologists” on March 21, 2007. In March 2007, LAMP announced during the first annual Northeast Florida Symposium on Underwater Archaeology that <mask> had donated his personal library to LAMP, to form the core of a first-class research library, the George R. Fischer Library of Maritime Archaeology. A session of papers in honor of <mask> was presented at the 41st annual Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology held in Albuquerque, New Mexico on January 10, 2008.On January 8, 2010, at the 43rd annual Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology at Amelia Island in Northeast Florida, <mask> was presented with the Society for Historical Archaeology's Award of Merit "for his many contributions to the development of underwater archaeology and for his exemplary service on the Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology." References

1937 births
2016 deaths
American archaeologists
American underwater divers
Florida State University faculty
People from Tallahassee, Florida
Stanford University alumni
Underwater archaeologists
People from Susanville, California

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George Robert Fischer
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George August
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Ruth Robertson
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George Matthew
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Russell K
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Richard E
Russell K
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George R
. Fischer
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<mask> II (born June 9, 1963) is an American actor, producer, and musician. He is the recipient of various accolades, including a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award, in addition to nominations for three Academy Awards and two British Academy Film Awards. <mask> made his debut in the horror film A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984), before rising to prominence as a teen idol on the television series 21 Jump Street (1987–1990). In the 1990s, <mask> acted mostly in independent films, often playing eccentric characters. These included What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993), Benny and Joon (1993), Dead Man (1995), Donnie Brasco (1997), and Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas (1998). <mask> also began collaborating with director Tim Burton, starring in Edward Scissorhands (1990), Ed Wood (1994) and Sleepy Hollow (1999). In the 2000s, <mask> became one of the most commercially successful film stars by playing Captain Jack Sparrow in the swashbuckler film series Pirates of the Caribbean (2003–present).He received critical praise for  Finding Neverland (2004), and continued his commercially successful collaboration with Tim Burton with the films Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005), Corpse Bride (2005), Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007), and Alice in Wonderland (2010). In 2012, <mask> was one of the world's biggest film stars, and was listed by the Guinness World Records as the world's highest-paid actor, with earnings of US$75 million. During the 2010s, <mask> began producing films through his company, Infinitum Nihil, and formed the rock supergroup Hollywood Vampires with Alice Cooper and Joe Perry. <mask> was married to actress Amber Heard from 2015 to 2017. Their divorce drew media attention as she alleged that he had been abusive throughout their relationship. <mask> sued Heard for defamation in 2019 after she wrote an op-ed discussing being a public victim of domestic violence; the case will go to trial in 2022. He also sued the publishers of The Sun in a related libel suit in England.In 2020, the High Court of Justice of England and Wales ruled that <mask> had lost his libel case and that the majority of Heard's allegations had been proven to a civil standard. Early life and ancestry
John Christopher <mask> II was born on June 9, 1963, in Owensboro, Kentucky, the youngest of four children of waitress Betty Sue Palmer ( Wells) and civil engineer John Christopher <mask>. <mask>'s family moved frequently during his childhood, eventually settling in Miramar, Florida in 1970. His parents divorced in 1978 when he was 15, and his mother later married Robert Palmer, whom <mask> has called "an inspiration". <mask> was gifted a guitar by his mother when he was 12 years old, and began playing in various bands. He dropped out of Miramar High School aged 16 in 1979 to become a rock musician. He attempted to go back to school two weeks later, but the principal told him to follow his dream of being a musician.In 1980, <mask> began playing guitar in a band called The Kids. After modest local success in Florida, the band moved to Los Angeles in pursuit of a record deal, changing their name to Six Gun Method. In addition to the band, <mask> worked a variety of odd jobs, such as in telemarketing. In December 1983, <mask> married make-up artist Lori Anne Allison, the sister of his band's bassist and singer. The Kids split up before signing a record deal in 1984, and <mask> subsequently began collaborating with the band Rock City Angels. He co-wrote their song "Mary", which appeared on their debut Geffen Records album Young Man's Blues. <mask> and Allison divorced in 1985.<mask> is primarily of English descent, with some French, German, and Irish ancestry. His surname comes from a French Huguenot immigrant (Pierre Dieppe, who settled in Virginia around 1700). He is also descended from colonial freedom fighter Elizabeth Key Grinstead (1630–1665), daughter of English planter and member of the Virginia House of Burgesses Thomas Key and an African woman that he enslaved. In interviews in 2002 and 2011, <mask> claimed to have Native American ancestry, stating, "I guess I have some Native American somewhere down the line. My great-grandmother was quite a bit of Native American, she grew up Cherokee or maybe Creek Indian. Makes sense in terms of coming from Kentucky, which is rife with Cherokee and Creek Indian." <mask>'s claims came under scrutiny when Indian Country Today stated that <mask> had never inquired about his heritage nor was he recognized as a member of the Cherokee Nation.This led to criticism from the Native American community, as <mask> has no documented Native ancestry, and Native community leaders refer to him as "a non-Indian". <mask>'s choice to portray Tonto, a Native American character, in The Lone Ranger was criticized, along with his choice to name his rock band "Tonto's Giant Nuts". During the promotion for The Lone Ranger, <mask> was adopted as an honorary son by LaDonna Harris, a member of the Comanche Nation, making him an honorary member of her family but not a member of any tribe. Critical response to his claims from the Native community increased after this, including satirical portrayals of <mask> by Native comedians. An ad featuring <mask> and Native American imagery, by Dior for the fragrance "Sauvage", was pulled in 2019 after being accused of cultural appropriation and racism. Career
 1984–1989: Early roles and 21 Jump Street

In the early 1980s, <mask>'s then-wife Lori Ann Allison introduced him to actor Nicolas Cage, who advised him to pursue an acting career. <mask> has also credited James Dean as the catalyst that made him want to become an actor.<mask>'s first film role was in the horror film A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984), in which he played the boyfriend of the main character and one of Freddy Krueger's victims. After a starring role in the comedy Private Resort (1985), <mask> was cast in the lead role of the skating drama Thrashin' (1986) by the film's director, but the decision was later overridden by its producer. Instead, <mask> appeared in a minor supporting role as a Vietnamese-speaking private in Oliver Stone's Vietnam War drama Platoon (1986). <mask> became a teen idol during the late 1980s, when he starred as an undercover police officer in a high school operation in the Fox television series 21 Jump Street, which premiered in 1987. He accepted this role to work with actor Frederic Forrest, who inspired him. Despite his success, <mask> felt that the series "forced [him] into the role of product". 1990–2002: Independent films and first collaborations with Tim Burton
Disillusioned by his experiences as a teen idol in 21 Jump Street, <mask> began choosing roles which he found more interesting, rather than those he thought would succeed at the box office.His first film release in 1990 was John Waters' Cry-Baby, a musical comedy set in the 1950s. Although it was not a box office success upon its initial release, over the years it has gained cult classic status. Also in 1990, <mask> played the title character in Tim Burton's romantic fantasy film Edward Scissorhands opposite Dianne Wiest and Winona Ryder. The film was a commercial and critical success with a domestic gross of $53 million. In preparation for the role, <mask> watched many Charlie Chaplin films to study the idea of creating sympathy without dialogue. Peter Travers of Rolling Stone praised <mask>'s performance stating that he "artfully expresses the fierce longing in gentle Edward; it's a terrific performance", while Rita Kempley of The Washington Post stated that he "brings the eloquence of the silent era to this part of few words, saying it all through bright black eyes and the tremulous care with which he holds his horror-movie hands. <mask> earned his first Golden Globe nomination for the film.<mask> had no film releases in the following two years, with the exception of a brief cameo in Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare (1991), the sixth installment in the A Nightmare of Elm Street franchise. He appeared in three films in 1993. In the romantic comedy Benny and Joon, he played an eccentric and illiterate silent film fan who befriends a mentally ill woman and her brother; it became a sleeper hit. Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote that <mask> "may look nothing like Buster Keaton, but there are times when he genuinely seems to become the Great Stone Face, bringing Keaton's mannerisms sweetly and magically to life". <mask> received a second Golden Globe nomination for the performance. His second film of the year was Lasse Hallström's What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993), a drama about a dysfunctional family in which he starred alongside Leonardo DiCaprio and Juliette Lewis. It did not perform well commercially, but received positive notices from the critics.Although most of the reviews focused on DiCaprio, who was nominated for an Academy Award for his performance, Todd McCarthy of Variety wrote that "<mask> manages to command center screen with a greatly affable, appealing characterization". <mask>'s final 1993 release was Emir Kusturica's surrealist comedy-drama Arizona Dream, which opened to positive reviews, and won the Silver Bear at Berlin Film Festival. In 1994, <mask> reunited with director Tim Burton, playing the title role in Ed Wood, a biographical film about one of history's most inept film directors. <mask> later stated that he was at the time depressed about films and filmmaking, but that "within 10 minutes of hearing about the project, I was committed." He found that the role gave him a "chance to stretch out and have some fun" and that working with Martin Landau, who played Bela Lugosi, "rejuvenated my love for acting". Although it did not earn back its production costs, Ed Wood received a positive reception from the critics, with Janet Maslin of The New York Times writing that <mask> had "proved himself as an established, certified great actor" and "captured all the can-do optimism that kept Ed Wood going, thanks to an extremely funny ability to look at the silver lining of any cloud." <mask> was nominated for a third time for a Best Musical or Comedy Actor Golden Globe for his performance.The following year, <mask> starred in three films. He played opposite Marlon Brando in the box-office hit Don Juan DeMarco, as a man who believes he is Don Juan, the world's greatest lover. He then starred in Jim Jarmusch's Dead Man, a Western shot entirely in black-and-white; it was not a commercial success and had mixed critical reviews. <mask>'s final film of the year was in the financial and critical failure Nick of Time, a thriller in which he played an accountant who is told to kill a politician to save his kidnapped daughter. In 1997, <mask> starred alongside Al Pacino in the crime drama Donnie Brasco, directed by Mike Newell. He portrayed Joseph D. Pistone, an undercover FBI Agent who assumes the name 'Donnie Brasco' in order to infiltrate the mafia in New York City. To prepare for the role, <mask> spent time with the real-life Joe Pistone, on whose memoirs the film was based.Donnie Brasco was a commercial and critical success, and is considered to contain one of <mask>'s finest performances. In 1997, <mask> also debuted as a director and screenwriter with The Brave. He starred in it as a poor Native American man who accepts a proposal from a wealthy man, played by Marlon Brando, to appear in a snuff film in exchange for money for his family. It premiered at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival for generally negative reviews. Variety dismissed the film as "a turgid and unbelievable neo-western", and Time Out stated that there's nothing inherently wrong with the film but that "besides the implausibilities, the direction has two fatal flaws: it's both tediously slow and hugely narcissistic as the camera focuses repeatedly on <mask>'s bandana'd head and rippling torso." Due to the negative reviews, <mask> decided not to release The Brave formally in the United States, neither in theaters nor on home media. <mask> was a fan and friend of writer Hunter S. Thompson, and played his alter ego Raoul Duke in Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas (1998), Terry Gilliam's film adaptation of Thompson's pseudobiographical novel of the same name.It was a box office failure, and polarized critics. Later that year, <mask> made a brief cameo in Mika Kaurismäki's L.A. Without a Map (1998). <mask> appeared in three films in 1999. The first was the sci-fi thriller The Astronaut's Wife, co-starring Charlize Theron, which was not a commercial or critical success. The second,  Roman Polanski's The Ninth Gate, which starred <mask> as a seller of old books who becomes entangled in a mystery, was moderately more successful with audiences but received mixed reviews. <mask>'s third film of 1999 was Tim Burton's adaptation of The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, where <mask> played Ichabod Crane opposite Christina Ricci and Christopher Walken.For his performance, <mask> took inspiration from Angela Lansbury, Roddy McDowall and Basil Rathbone, stating that he "always thought of Ichabod as a very delicate, fragile person who was maybe a little too in touch with his feminine side, like a frightened little girl." Sleepy Hollow was a commercial and critical success. <mask>'s first film release of the new millennium was British-French drama The Man Who Cried (2000), directed by Sally Potter and starring him as a Roma horseman opposite Christina Ricci, Cate Blanchett and John Turturro. It was not a critical success. <mask> also had a supporting role in Julian Schnabel's critically acclaimed Before Night Falls (2000). <mask>'s final film for the year was Lasse Hallström's critically and commercially successful Chocolat (2000), in which he played a Roma man and the love interest of the main character, Juliette Binoche. <mask>'s next roles were both based on historical persons.In Blow (2001), he starred as cocaine smuggler George Jung, who was part of the Medellín Cartel in the 1980s. The film underperformed in the box office and received mixed reviews. In the comic book adaptation From Hell (2001), <mask> portrayed inspector Frederick Abberline, who investigated the Jack the Ripper murders in the 1880s London. The film also received mixed reviews from critics but was a moderate commercial success. 2003–2011: Pirates of the Caribbean, commercial and critical success

In 2003, <mask> starred in the Walt Disney Pictures adventure film Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, which was a major box office success. He earned widespread acclaim for his comic performance as pirate Captain Jack Sparrow, and received Academy Award, Golden Globe and BAFTA nominations and won a Screen Actor's Guild Award for Best Actor as well as an MTV Movie Award. <mask> has said that Sparrow is "definitely a big part of me", and that he modeled the character after The Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards and cartoon skunk Pepé Le Pew.Studio executives had at first been ambivalent about <mask>'s portrayal, but the character became popular with audiences. In his other film release in 2003, Robert Rodriguez' action film Once Upon a Time in Mexico, <mask> played a corrupt CIA agent. A moderate box-office success, it received average to good reviews, with <mask>'s performance in particular receiving praise. <mask> next starred as an author with writer's block in the thriller Secret Window (2004), based on a short story by Stephen King. It was a moderate commercial success but received mixed reviews. Released around the same time, the British-Australian independent film The Libertine (2004) saw <mask> portray the seventeenth-century poet and rake, the Earl of Rochester. It had only limited release, and received mainly negative reviews.<mask>'s third film of 2004, Finding Neverland, was more positively received by the critics, and earned him his second Academy Award nomination as well as Golden Globe, BAFTA, and SAG nominations for his performance as Scottish author

masks:
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