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<mask> (born 8 February 1960) is an Austrian politician who until 2008 spent his entire professional life as an employee of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) or as a parliamentary representative. He headed the SPÖ from 2000 to 2008, and served as Chancellor of Austria from January 2007 to December 2008. Since then he has pursued a career as a consultant and lecturer, and as a member of supervisory boards of Austrian companies. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Sankt Pölten in the state of Lower Austria on 8 February 1960. He was educated at a high school in Wieselburg and studied political science, philosophy and jurisprudence at the University of Vienna, where he obtained a doctorate in political science in 1987. <mask> was federal leader of the SPÖ youth wing, the Socialist Youth (SJ) from 1984 to 1990; vice-president of the International Union of Socialist Youth from 1985 to 1989 and vice-president of the Socialist International in 1989. He was then made a senior research fellow in the economic policy department of the Lower Austria section of the Chamber of Labour from 1990 to 1999.Chairman of the Social Democratic Party
In 1991, <mask> was elected SPÖ chairman in Ybbs an der Donau and a member of the Lower Austria party executive following the resignation of SPÖ chairman Viktor Klima. In the same year he was elected to the Bundesrat (the upper house of the Austrian Parliament) as a deputy for Lower Austria. He was a member of the Austrian delegation to the parliamentary meeting of the Council of Europe in 1991 and was chairman of the social committee of the Council of Europe from 1995 to 1998. In the Bundesrat, <mask> was chairman of the Committee for Development Co-operation  from 1996 to 1999. In 2000, he was elected leader of the SPÖ Group in the Bundesrat and also as secretary-general of the SPÖ. Under his leadership in the 2002 elections the SPÖ improved its vote and gained four seats, but failed to defeat the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) government of Chancellor Wolfgang Schüssel. <mask> had campaigned on a platform of more social spending and certain tax cuts.During 2006, the SPÖ was handicapped by its involvement in the "BAWAG scandal" in which directors of the BAWAG, an Austrian bank owned by the Austrian Trade Union Federation (Österreichischer Gewerkschaftsbund, ÖGB), were accused of corruption, embezzlement and illicit speculation. The scandal led in March to the resignation of ÖGB head Fritz Verzetnitsch. The SPÖ as a party was not involved in the fraud but <mask> found it politically expedient to exclude ÖGB leaders from the lists of SPÖ candidates, drawing criticism from the ÖGB. Chancellor of Austria
After the 2006 elections, the SPÖ was the largest single party but had no absolute majority of the parliamentary seats. A grand coalition between the ÖVP and the SPÖ was considered the most likely outcome. After prolonged negotiations, <mask> became chancellor on 11 January 2007 at the head of an SPÖ-ÖVP coalition. In July 2007, <mask> led the Austrian delegation to the 119th session of the International Olympic Committee in Guatemala City to present the proposal for Salzburg as host of the 2014 Winter Olympics; the proposal eventually lost against Sochi, whose bid was presented by President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia.<mask> immediately drew criticism because he abandoned central promises of the SPÖ election campaign, such as those to abolish university tuition fees (it was decided by the SPÖ instead that students should do community service for 60 hours, which resulted in student protests) and to reverse the country's Eurofighter deal. This provoked public criticism even from SPÖ members. Infighting over <mask>'s ability to lead his party never subsided from this point onwards. On 16 June 2008, <mask> was replaced as SPÖ chief by his minister of transport Werner Faymann. However, he formally remained chancellor until after the 2008 snap elections that were called in early July 2008 when the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP), led by Wilhelm Molterer, left the governing coalition. His time in office was the shortest since World War II. Post-politics career
<mask> briefly returned to his old post in the Chamber of Labour but immediately took on paid and unpaid positions in the private and non-profit sectors.In 2009, Faymann prevented <mask>'s candidacy for the office of High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy by agreeing to the nomination of Johannes Hahn from his centre-right junior coalition partner ÖVP as Austria's Member of the European Commission. Corporate boards
<mask> was made a member of the supervisory board of Alpine Holding, an Austrian construction conglomerate, in July 2009 and resigned from this position effective 1 May 2010, when it was announced that <mask> was to head the supervisory board of Strabag (Austria's leading construction company) on 18 June 2010. At the same time he was to become chairman of the board of trustees of the private foundation established by Strabag's chairman, Hans Peter Haselsteiner. In an article about Western leaders working for authoritarian regimes, Associated Press reported that <mask> works as a consultant to Kazakh president Nursultan Nazarbayev. In September 2013, he became an advisor to Serbian deputy prime minister and leader of the Serbian Progressive Party Aleksandar Vucic. In 2018, reports surfaced claiming that <mask> had met with members of Congress in Washington as part of a 2013 lobbying campaign orchestrated by Paul Manafort on behalf of Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych. Other positions include:
 Citigroup, member of the European Advisory Board
 CUDOS Capital AG, chairman of the supervisory board
 Equitas Capital, member of the board and chairman of European Funds (since 2009)
 Gabriel Resources, member of the board of directors (Member of the Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee)
 Haselsteiner Familien-Privatstiftung, chairman
 RHI AG, member of the supervisory board (since 2013)
 Wartenfels Privatstiftung, chairman of the board

Non-profit organizations
From 2008 to 2011, Gusenbauer was the first Leitner Global Fellow at the Columbia University School of International and Public Affairs in New York.Other positions include:
 Austrian Society for China Studies (ÖGCF), president of the board of trustees
 Austrian-Spanish Chamber of Commerce, president
 Bonner Akademie für Forschung und Lehre praktischer Politik (BAPP), member of the board of trustees
 Club de Madrid, Member
 Dr. Karl Renner Institute, president
 Verein für Geschichte der ArbeiterInnenbewegung, member of the board of trustees

Controversy
In 1984, <mask>, then leader of Austria's Young Socialists, caused controversy in Austria when he knelt and kissed the still-Communist tarmac at Moscow's Domodedovo airport – in mockery of Pope John Paul II. Paradise Papers
In November 2017 an investigation conducted by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalism cited his name in the list of politicians named in the "Paradise Papers" allegations. Manafort indictment
The 2018 February 16 indictment of Paul Manafort unsealed on 23 February as part of the Special Counsel investigation (2017–2019) alleges that foreign politicians hypothesized to be Romano Prodi and Gusenbauer took payments exceeding $2m from Manafort to promote the case of his client, then-president of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovich. See also
 Gusenbauer cabinet

References

External links

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1960 births
Living people
21st-century Chancellors of Austria
University of Vienna alumni
Chancellors of Austria
Social Democratic Party of Austria politicians
People from Sankt Pölten
People named in the Paradise Papers

masks:
Alfred Gusenbauer
Gusenbauer
Gusenbauer
Gusenbauer
Gusenbauer
Gusenbauer
Gusenbauer
Gusenbauer
Gusenbauer
Gusenbauer
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<mask> (born 4 November 1982 in Sheffield, South Yorkshire) is an English retired professional footballer who began his career at Liverpool in the Premier League and most recently played as a striker for Preston North End. He made his name in 2004 by scoring a stunning last-minute goal from long range to give Liverpool a 2–1 victory over Arsenal at Anfield. <mask> also scored a vital goal and set up another during Liverpool's match with Olympiacos at Anfield during the group stage of the 2004–05 UEFA Champions League, which Liverpool went on to win. In December 2011, a knee injury sustained following a tackle by Milton Keynes striker Jabo Ibehre resulted in <mask> being forced into announcing his retirement on 9 May 2012. Since his retirement, <mask> is the son of former Manchester City, Norwich City, Sheffield Wednesday and Brighton and Hove Albion player <mask>. A strong, physical, centre forward, <mask> was top scorer in Liverpool's run to the FA Youth Cup semi-final during the 2000–01 season scoring eight goals in four games.He was also the top scorer for the under-19 team and Joe Corrigan's reserves during the 2001–02 season and in total scored 46 goals (56 including friendlies). <mask> progressed through the ranks at Liverpool and in the 2002–03 season he scored 20 goals for the reserve team. He made his first team debut in the same season and played a total of six games and scored in a League Cup semi-final match against Sheffield United. Although the Reds lost the match 2–1, <mask> showed promise and was rewarded in March 2003 with a new three-year contract running to 2006. Despite his goal he was left out of the squad for the victorious 2003 Football League Cup Final. Manager Gérard Houllier sent <mask> on a year-long loan to West Ham United in August 2003. He scored two goals in the 3–0 win over Crystal Palace at the end of September, but an injury hit spell at Upton Park, in addition to playing under three different managers and being forced to play out of position, proved unsettling.<mask> was soon back at Anfield and hit 10 goals in just four games for the reserves. Before the start of the 2004–05 season, <mask> suffered a knee injury but regained fitness and a return to the first team in the 3–0 League Cup victory at Millwall. In the next round he scored two goals to knock out holders Middlesbrough, and in late November he started a UEFA Champions League game at Monaco. After becoming a fixture in first team squad, <mask> burst into the starting team with some style. With Liverpool and Arsenal level at 1–1 with 90 minutes gone at Anfield in November 2004, he cracked in a sensational 30-yard volley to win the game for Liverpool. Things got better still for <mask> ten days later when Liverpool were being held 1–1 by Olympiacos in a game they had to win by two clear goals to progress to the Champions League knock out stages. He was brought into the game to replace Milan Baroš and within two minutes, he scored with a typical goal poacher's finish.Then, a cushioned header from <mask> set up Steven Gerrard to rifle in the third Liverpool goal and seal Liverpool's place in the last 16. He scored his second and what proved to be his final league goal for Liverpool in December 2004 in the 3–1 win over Newcastle at Anfield. In March 2005, <mask> was ruled out for the remainder of the 2004–05 season after undergoing surgery on both knees. This robbed the young striker of his chance of European glory as his teammates succeeded in bringing a fifth European cup back to Anfield. Although <mask> played no part in the knock out stages, his contribution to that year's success was massive. <mask> returned to action for the Liverpool reserve side in the 2005–06 season coming on as a substitute in their 2–0 victory at Manchester United in December 2005. He was back on the scoresheet in his first start in a year as Liverpool cruised into the quarter-finals of the Liverpool Senior Cup after a 3–0 win over Runcorn.In January 2006, <mask> joined Wigan Athletic on loan for the remainder of the season. In his first match against Middlesbrough, he scored the winner during injury time in a 3–2 victory. However, further knee injuries that required more surgery ended his spell at Wigan after three games. In 2006, despite a relative lack of first-team football at Liverpool, <mask> was voted into 90th position in a poll to find 100 Players Who Shook the Kop, ahead of such players as Mohamed Sissoko and Nigel Clough. After his retirement from professional football, <mask> returned to Liverpool to do media and commentary work with their in-house television company LFC TV. Preston North End
In August 2006, <mask> signed a three-year contract with Football League Championship club Preston North End for an undisclosed fee, thought to be in the region of £1.5m. Manager Paul Simpson said, "<mask> is a goalscorer and hopefully that will continue to be the case.He is a tremendous signing. He has had his injury problems but we are happy he is over those and it's just a case now of building up his fitness levels." Another knee injury suffered in a pre-season friendly against Bolton Wanderers required more surgery and delayed <mask>'s debut for Preston. <mask> finally got his first goal for Preston in the 3–1 victory over Southampton in March 2007. Out of favour under the Paul Simpson managerial era, <mask> had to prove himself over again to new P.N.E boss Alan Irvine. Under Irvine, <mask> finally got going and scored nine goals under him after Christmas 2007. <mask> again showed his panache for the 30-yard volley on 30 July 2008 by scoring in similar fashion for Preston North End in their friendly against Motherwell at Fir Park, which earned a 1–1 draw for Preston.During pre-season 2008–09 <mask> scored eight goals. Despite the promising pre-season and <mask> being a favourite amongst sections of the Deepdale crowd, indifferent form led to him losing his place to new signing Jon Parkin. <mask> regained his place in the team in time to score in Preston's 3–1 victory away at local rivals Blackpool, but another injury saw him miss a number of games. He regained fitness for a match against former club Liverpool in the FA Cup 3rd round, which Preston lost 2–0. <mask> scored his first goal for Preston North End since March 2010 on the opening day of the 2011–12 season, scoring their first goal in a 4–2 defeat to Colchester United at Deepdale. In the December of that season, <mask> picked up a knee injury in the 1–0 win over Milton Keynes and was ruled out for three months. After an injury-plagued season at Preston, <mask> announced his retirement on 9 May 2012.Sheffield Wednesday

On 2 July 2010, <mask> rejoined former manager Alan Irvine at Football League One side Sheffield Wednesday on a season long loan. <mask> played his first league game for The Owls on 7 August 2010 against Dagenham & Redbridge, coming on as a substitute in place of Clinton Morrison. He scored his first professional career hat-trick for Sheffield Wednesday on 10 November 2010 in a 4–1 win at Hillsborough over Hartlepool United in the Football League Trophy. He then repeated this feat just 10 days later in another 4–1 win, this time away against MK Dons in the league. After he sustained a minor injury against Carlisle United, <mask> struggled to regain form, and rarely started games. <mask> was eventually recalled to first team action against Colchester United in a game where he scored two goals in a 2–1 victory for the Owls. A few days later, he started another home match, this time against Tranmere Rovers setting up two first half goals, before winning a penalty, of which Owls captain Tommy Miller duly converted.<mask> scored the final goal of the match from a tight angle at the 90-minute mark. Career statistics

References

External links

 LFChistory.net player profile

<mask> Audio Interview:
<mask> on Football Focus (Blindfolded Penalties)

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Sheffield
English footballers
Association football forwards
Liverpool F.C. players
West Ham United F.C. players
Wigan Athletic F.C. players
Preston North End F.C. players
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
People educated at St Bede's College, Manchester

masks:
Neil Andrew Mellor
Mellor
Mellor
Mellorlor
Ian Mellor
Mellor
Mellor
Mellor
Mellor
Mellor
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Neil
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<mask> (June 1922 – 6 August 1989) was a Ghanaian engineer. He was the first director of the Ghana Arts Council, a co-founder of the Ghana National Dance Ensemble, and a director of the Ghana Broadcasting Corporation (GBC). Family
<mask> was the eldest son of Essie and Archibald Casely-Hayford, a lawyer, Gold Coast nationalist and former Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources in Ghana's First Republic. His brother was Louis Casely-Hayford, an engineer and former CEO of Volta River Authority in Ghana. Casely-Hayford's was a member of the prominent Casely-Hayford family, his grandparents were Beatrice Madelene (née Pinnock) and Joseph Ephraim Casely Hayford, a Gold Coast lawyer, author, journalist, educator, politician and Pan-Africanist. Early years
Casely-Hayford was born in Sekondi, Ghana, which was then the Gold Coast, and educated at Forrest Hill House School and Dulwich College, England. His education in England was interrupted when he returned to the Gold Coast at the onset of World War II.Casely-Hayford was self employed at this time. He extracted coconut oil to make soap and ran two garages which repaired and spray-painted cars. Career
Casely-Hayford trained for a year in England as a Totalisator Technician for the Kumasi Race Course; and worked at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, then Kumasi Institute of Technology, as the Maintenance Officer. Later, he served as the Director and Operations Manager for Ghana Poultry Farm, Nungua; Director of the Arts Council of Ghana; Director of Ghana Broadcasting Corporation's Television division (GBC TV); Technical Director of Modern Signs; and then finally settled into private business. He owned and operated Caselyco Sound Studio, Signals and Controllers, Intek Engineering, and finally Televid Video and Audio. Ghana Arts Council
Casely-Hayford's interests included art and science. Ghana's former Prime Minister Dr. Kwame Nkrumah asked Nana Kobina Nketsiah to have Casely-Hayford start up the Arts Council of Ghana after the British relinquished the then Roger Club, a social club for Accra's elite that was located on Accra's Atlantic coast.Casely-Hayford became the first director of the Ghana Arts Council. He was responsible for bringing to the fore the early concert party groups and plays. He also had the British Council sponsor drama performances and movies of Shakespeare plays. He also collaborated with the artist and musician Saka Acquaye, who succeeded him as the director of the Ghana Arts Council. Saka Acquaye's plays were also featured at the Accra Arts Centre, including his most important and popular musical, The Lost Fishermen. The original Wulomei – a traditional folk music group that Saka Acquaye managed – was introduced to a national audience at the Accra Arts Centre. The master drummer, percussionist and musician Guy Warren (Kofi Ghanaba) was prominently featured on several weekends.The classical musician Victor Gbeho also had the National Orchestra rehearsing and performing at the Accra Arts Centre. Many foreign cultural exchange shows were also put on at the Accra Arts Centre. For instance, troupes from Russia and from China performed, the Chinese troupe singing a song in Twi, the local Ghanaian language. Louis Armstrong and other American performers
Casely-Hayford was instrumental in the arrangements during the 1956 visit of Louis Armstrong, his wife Lucille, and band to Ghana. Casely-Hayford helped to arrange a durbar at Achimota School, where Louis and Lucille Armstrong and the band members were entertained by Ghanaian cultural dancers and musicians. The US Information Service ("USIS") often sent performers to Ghana as part of a cultural relations program. The jazz guitarist Charlie Byrd performed in one of such shows and ended the show with one of Jimi Hendrix's songs, "Hey Joe".Cozy Cole was another such performer. Another American resident in Ghana, dentist Robert Lee, who had relocated with his family to Ghana from the US in 1956, taught voice and was also often on stage. Cultural shows and pop competitions

Casely-Hayford collaborated with Prof. Mawure Bertie Opoku of the Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, and together they established the Ghana National Dance Ensemble. In the early 1960s, Casely-Hayford introduced the Do Show, a talent show that was open to all through auditions. One of the products of the Do Show is the Paris-based singer Bibie Brew. The Ghanaian teens of the 1960s also had their chance and several pop music competitions were held at the Arts Centre. Casely-Hayford's five sons all played guitar in their teens.His oldest son, Ralph, a bassist, and a nephew, Roy, played in one of Ghana's professional pop bands, "The Saints", and they performed at the Accra Arts Centre. Broadcasting and puppeteering
Casely-Hayford developed and promoted puppets and the craft of puppeteering. In addition to puppet shows at the Arts Centre, he also had the puppeteering team visit schools to give performances. He was transferred to Ghana Broadcasting Corporation (GBC) as the Cultural Liaison Officer under Shirley Du Bois. Eventually, he was appointed Director of GBC. One of the things that he developed for GBC TV News (now GTV News) was the rotating globe that was used for years until computer graphics took over. He also introduced puppet shows on GBC TV.Some of the puppet shows were based on the popular traditional concert party theatre format. Music and literary work
Casely-Hayford was an active member of the Ghana Writers Guild and did a lot of work with the renowned poet and writer Atukwei Okai. He was also a jazz pianist. His father, Archie, was a pianist and a composer and his mother, Essie, also played piano and loved to sing and perform. The traditional guitarist Koo Nimo had a lasting relationship with Casely-Hayford and shared many recording hours in later years. Casely-Hayford gave several lectures on Ghana's highlife music; collaborated with the University of Ghana Music Professor John Collins; and served as a founding patron of Bokoor African Popular Music Archives Foundation, an NGO that Prof. John Collins established in 1990 soon after Casely-Hayford's death in 1989. Engineering work
Casely-Hayford's true passion lay in manufacturing and engineering.Everywhere he lived with his family, he kept his cars outside the garage because he used the garage as an engineering workshop. He involved his five sons in his engineering work and projects. Alternative energy
Casely-Hayford believed that the solution to Ghana's persistent energy problems lay in alternative energy. The last project he undertook before he died in 1989 was the installation of alternative energy windmills at Weija, in the western part of the Greater Accra Region. <mask> Casely-Hayford's son, Pinnock Casely-Hayford, an engineer who worked closely with him, has continued his work in the alternative energy sector, through his company "Breeze and Windy". Social work
From 1986 to 1989, <mask> Casely-Hayford worked with his son Pinnock Casely-Hayford to film the first HIV/AIDS patient at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital's Fevers Ward that was operated by Dr. Neequaye. Later Casely-Hayford collaborated with Professor Kwashi Quartey and Dr. Cecilia Bentsi as they visited and treated many AIDS victims.They travelled as far as Somanya and documented their visits on video. Final years

Casely-Hayford was a member of the Baháʼí Faith from 1973. In 1986, he led a Baháʼí delegation to deliver a Peace message to the Ghana Government led by the then Flt. Lt. Jerry John Rawlings. <mask> Casely-Hayford died in his sleep early on Sunday morning, 6 August 1989, at 67 years of age. References

 John Collins, "The Ghanaian Concert Party: African Popular Entertainment at the Crossroads", 1994
 John Collins, West African Pop Roots, Temple University Press, 2010

External links

1989 deaths
1922 births
20th-century Ghanaian engineers
Ghanaian Bahá'ís
Converts to the Bahá'í Faith
20th-century Bahá'ís
Ghanaian musicians
Beattie
Fante people
Ghanaian people of English descent
Ghanaian people of Irish descent
Ghanaian expatriates in the United Kingdom

masks:
Beattie Casely Hayford
Beattie Casely Hayford
Beattie
Beattie
Beattie


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{{British barrelled name|Delves Broughton at birth'}}

<mask> "Issie" <mask>, Hidden torment of a fashion queen," The Sunday Times, 13 May 2007 (nee Delves Broughton; 19 November 1958 – 7 May 2007) was an English magazine editor. As the muse of hat designer Philip Treacy, she is credited with discovering the models Stella Tennant and Sophie Dahl as well as propelling and continually advocating the career of fashion designer Alexander McQueen, beginning when she bought the entirety of his explosive premier show inspired by Jack the Ripper. She died by suicide in 2007. Early life
Born <mask> in Marylebone, London, she was the eldest child of Major Sir Evelyn Delves Broughton, a military officer, and his second wife, Helen Mary Shore, a barrister. Sir Evelyn was the only son of Jock Delves Broughton; his sister, Rosamond, married Simon Fraser, 15th Lord Lovat in 1938. <mask> had two sisters, Julia and Lavinia; her brother, John, drowned in the family's swimming pool at the age of two. This had a profound effect on her.In 1972, when she was 14, her parents separated and her mother left the household, bidding each daughter farewell with a handshake. Her parents divorced two years later. <mask> did not get along with her father, who bequeathed her only £5,000 from his estate, which was worth more than one million pounds. <mask> studied for her A-levels at Heathfield School, after which she enrolled at a secretarial college and then took odd jobs. She told Tamsin Blanchard of The Observer in 2002: I've done the most peculiar jobs. I was working in a scone shop for years, selling apricot-studded scones. I was a cleaner in London for two years.I wore a handkerchief with knots on the side, and my cousin saw me in the post office and said, What are you doing? I said, What do you think I look like I'm doing? I'm a cleaner! Career
<mask> moved to New York City in 1979 to study Ancient Chinese Art at Columbia University and shared a flat with the actress Catherine Oxenberg. A year later, she left the Art History programme at Columbia, moved to Texas, and worked for Guy Laroche. In 1981 she married her first husband, Nicholas Taylor (whom she divorced in 1983), and was introduced to the fashion director of the US edition of Vogue, Anna Wintour. <mask> was hired initially as Wintour's assistant, but it was not long before she was assisting André Leon Talley, as of 2008 US Vogues editor-at-large.While working in New York, she befriended Andy Warhol and Jean-Michel Basquiat. She returned to London in 1986 and worked for Michael Roberts, then the fashion director of Tatler and The Sunday Times Style magazine. During this period she was romantically linked to editor Tim Willis. In 1989, <mask> married her second husband, barrister and art dealer Detmar <mask>, a grandson (and namesake) of the early 20th-century society architect Detmar <mask>, in Gloucester Cathedral. Philip Treacy designed the bride's wedding headdress and a now-famous fashion relationship was forged. Realizing Treacy's talent, <mask> established Treacy in her London flat, where he worked on his collections. She soon began wearing Treacy's hats, making them a signature part of her flamboyant style.In a 2002 interview with Tamsin Blanchard, <mask> declared that she wore extravagant hats for a practical reason: [...] to keep everyone away from me. They say, Oh, can I kiss you? I say, No, thank you very much. That's why I've worn the hat. Goodbye. I don't want to be kissed by all and sundry. I want to be kissed by the people I love.In 1993 she worked with the photographer Steven Meisel producing the Babes in London shoot, which featured Plum Sykes, Bella Freud and Honor Fraser. <mask> had a natural sense of style and a good feeling for future fashion directions. She discovered Alexander McQueen and purchased his entire graduate collection for £5,000, paying it off in weekly £100 installments. Spotting Sophie Dahl, <mask> described her as "a blow up doll with brains", and launched the model's career. <mask> supported both the fashion world and the art world. Artists Tim Noble and Sue Webster created a shadow portrait of her which was displayed in the National Portrait Gallery. <mask> was the fashion director of Tatler and consulted for DuPont Lycra, Lacoste, and Swarovski.She became the subject of an exhibition in 2002 entitled When Philip met <mask>, which featured sketches and photographs of her wearing Treacy's hat designs. In 2004 <mask> had an acting cameo playing a character called Antonia Cook in the film The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou. She starred in 2005 in a project by artist Matthieu Laurette, commissioned and produced by Frieze Projects 2005 and entitled "What Do They Wear at Frieze Art Fair?" It consisted of daily guided tours of Frieze Art Fair led by <mask> and fellow international fashion experts Peter Saville, Kira Joliffe, and Bay Garnett. Shortly before her death, <mask> was the creative director and stylist of a series of books for an Arabic beauty magazine, Alef; the books were being produced by Kuwaiti fashion entrepreneur Sheikh Majed al-Sabah. Illness
Toward the end of her life, <mask> became seriously depressed and was reportedly anguished over her inability to "find a home in a world she influenced". Daphne Guinness, a friend of <mask>'s, stated: "She was upset that Alexander McQueen didn't take her along when he sold his brand to Gucci.Once the deals started happening, she fell by the wayside. Everybody else got contracts, and she got a free dress". According to a 2002 interview with Tamsin Blanchard, it was <mask> who brokered the deal in which Gucci purchased McQueen's label. Other pressures on her included financial problems (<mask> was disinherited by her father in 1994) and infertility. <mask> and Detmar <mask> separated in 2004. Detmar <mask> went on to have an affair with Stephanie Theobald, the society editor of British Harper's Bazaar, while his estranged wife entered into a liaison with a gondolier she met in Venice. During the couple's separation, <mask> was diagnosed with bipolar disorder and began undergoing electroshock therapy.For a time, the treatments appeared to be helpful. During this period she also had an affair with Matthew Mellon; however, after an eighteen-month separation, <mask> and Detmar <mask> were reconciled. Soon afterward, she was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Depressed over her waning celebrity status and her cancer diagnosis, <mask> began telling friends that she was suicidal. In 2006, <mask> attempted suicide with an overdose of sleeping pills. Later that year, <mask> again attempted suicide by jumping from the Hammersmith Flyover, which resulted in her breaking both ankles. <mask> made several more suicide attempts in 2007, by driving her car into the rear of a lorry, attempting to obtain horse tranquilizers, trying to drown herself in a lake and by overdosing while on a beach in India.Death
On 6 May 2007, during a weekend house party at Hilles, where the guests included Treacy and his partner, Stefan Bartlett, <mask> announced that she was going shopping. Instead, she was later discovered collapsed on a bathroom floor by her sister Lavinia and was taken to Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, where <mask> told the doctor she had drunk the weedkiller paraquat. She died at the hospital the following day. <mask>'s death was initially reported as being caused by ovarian cancer; however, a coroner later ruled the death a suicide. At the inquest, <mask>'s sister, Lavinia Verney, stated that after she discovered her sister had ingested the poison, <mask> had told her, "I'm worried that I haven't taken enough." Her funeral was held at Gloucester Cathedral on 15 May 2007. Her casket, made of willow, was surmounted by one of her Philip Treacy hats as well as a floral tribute, and her pallbearers included her godson Otis Ferry, a son of the rock star Bryan Ferry.(In 2010, Bryan Ferry dedicated his Olympia album in memoriam <mask> and David Williams.) Actor Rupert Everett and actress Joan Collins delivered eulogies. Opera singer Charles Eliasch sang. A memorial service was held in the Guards Chapel in London on 18 September 2007, where Anna Wintour and Geordie Greig spoke. Prince Michael and Princess Michael of Kent were in attendance. Wintour's eulogy and part of the memorial service can be seen in DVD disc two of The September Issue. References

Further reading
<mask>, Detmar with Tom Sykes, Blow by Blow: The Story of <mask>, New York: HarperCollins, 2010, .Crowe, Lauren Goldstein, <mask>: A Life in Fashion'', New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2010, . External links

 <mask>, A Life In Fashion,  Nov 8 2010

1958 births
2007 deaths
Vogue (magazine) people
Fashion editors
English magazine editors
Daughters of baronets
People with bipolar disorder
People from Gloucester
Writers from London
Suicides by poison
Suicides in England
People educated at Heathfield School, Ascot
2007 suicides

masks:
Isabella
BlowDetmar Blow
Isabella Delves Broughton
Blow
Isabella
Blow
Blow
Blow
Blow
Hamilton Blow
Blow
Blow
Blow
Blow
Blow
Blow
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Isabella
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Isabella
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Isabella Blow
Isabella Blow


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<mask> is an American musician. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born in Ogdensburg, New York, where her engineer father helped build the St. Lawrence Bridge. Her family then moved to Connecticut, and her career as a guitar soloist started in 1977 as a senior at Coginchaug High School. In 1979, while working on a music degree at Housatonic Community College in Bridgeport, she formed her own band. A year later, she teamed up with singer-songwriter Lenore Troia after meeting in Paul Leka’s Connecticut Recording Studio, where <mask> was worked to repay the recording of her first demo learning audio engineering in the process. In 1980, <mask> enrolled in the Berklee College Summer Program and then began to tour with Troia that fall. Troia/Grier and Students of Life (1980-1987)
In 1981, Troia/Grier formed Synergy Records and recorded their first album, titled Don’t Let the First Time be the Last Time, at Studio 19 in Glastonbury, Connecticut.They toured colleges and east coast clubs, opened for larger acts, and were videotaped for Newsweek Broadcasting's syndicated television Show, Today's Woman in April, 1982. In 1983, Troia/<mask> recorded Gut Reaction, their second self-produced album, at Media Sound in New York. The album received a Rising Star feature in the International Rockbill magazine (11/1984). In 1984, the Troia/<mask> Band performed in New York City clubs, opened for The Band at The Lone Star Café, and continued to reach larger audiences. In 1985, after touring the east coast, Troia/<mask> were videotaped live for Connecticut's top music video show, Soundtraxx. They then produced their first music video, titled “Breaking New Ground,” which they submitted to MTV as a group named “Students of Life.” The video won MTV’s basement tape competition in October 1986. Students of Life’s style and sound found their way to Atlantic City.Riding the wave of the MTV generation and bolstered by their MTV basement tape win, critics heralded them as the new breed of casino bands. They first performed at Trump Castle in 1985 and later at Bally’s Casino from 1986-1988. Aware of the pressures and stress of a decade's involvement in the industry, <mask> moved to Key West (a frequent touring location for Troia/Grier) to unwind and soon rediscovered her solo career. Key West solo career
Finding a need to branch out musically in Key West, <mask> took leave from Students of Life. She recorded two live solo tapes, Moonlighting in Key West (1988) and Community (1989) as tributes to her newfound community, and opened for Laura Nyro at Strand Theater (1989). In 1990, she moved back to New York City, where she formed a group and recorded her self-produced album titled New York Sessions. France
In the six years that followed, <mask> traveled to Europe where she toured 100 cities in a Marlboro Music Night Show and wrote and adapted music and lyrics for several French and European recording artists.In 1991, Indra, a Carrere artist, hit #1 on the French dance charts with a Grier penned album. Then, <mask> recorded an album titled Solo (1993), which was released on her own label Shane Music. In 1995, London's Time Out magazine called her music “funkily melodic in a mature and assured style.<mask> returned her focus to New York City in 1996, where she produced and adapted to English an album for EMI artist Nilda Fernandez. Retracing
In 1998, <mask> released Retracing, a 13-song CD recorded in Key West to positive reviews, which praised her music and message. Time Out New York wrote, “Grier mixes folked-up blues with a political mind-set.” The Hudson Current added, “One aspect that distinguishes her from other performers is her concern with political and environmental issues, layered over that blues/rock melodic base.” The album was mostly recorded live and self-produced with back up from local studio musicians and released on her Shane Music label. Comin' Back to Me
In 2002, <mask> released Comin' Back to Me, a solo album, to greater exposure and acclaim. She was featured on Mag Rack’s Guitar Xpress, which has also showcased artists including: The Spin Doctors, Trey Anastasio, and Les Paul.Vintage Guitar magazine wrote, “Playing songs with just your acoustic is certainly an art that some of us never master well enough to make a full album…<mask> does not have that problem, whether playing fingerstyle blues, or mixing poppy chords with her strong voice”. In November 2004, she performed at Radio City Music Hall. The only cover song on the CD, Stevie Wonder’s “Love is in Need of Love Today” was chosen as a reaction to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and meant to express the need for love in tragic times. 2002-present
Since her last album, <mask> has performed in the Music Under New York program, which is sponsored by the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority to allow musicians to legally perform in New York City Subway stops. <mask> has embraced the program, lauding it for providing free entertainment during a 2004 appearance on ABC's Insomni-Act program. However, on the Feb. 4, 2009, cover of AM New York, she was juxtaposed with the headline “Playin’ ain’t Payin’,” which documents the difficulty of earning money as a street performer in the recession. She responded to the headline with a new alias and blog, NYCsubwaygirl, where she highlights the advantages of the MUNY program.She has performed in Joe’s Pub to a sold out crowd (June 2010). Joe’s Pub listing “local singer-songwriter and activist <mask> plays a mean slide guitar and sings twice as beguilingly as pretty much any American Idol starlet half her age; at her best, she sounds like a bluesier Carole King.” A favorite performer for non-profit organizations <mask> has entertained to benefit Art For Animals, Habitat For Humanity, NY Junior League, to name a few. As an active supporter of green home building, <mask> has also been featured in Natural Home Magazine (Nov/Dec 2006) for her Columbia County, New York, home that implements passive solar design and nontoxic, eco-friendly materials (Dennis Wedlick, architect). An article she wrote about the process of building a healthy home was published in New York House and has been reprinted in various national publications. From 2006 to 2008 she was a member of the zoning commission for her town. She is currently working on her next recording and writing for her blog, NYCsubwaygirl. Discography
1983: Gut Reaction – Synergy Records
1986: Breaking New Ground – Synergy Records
1988: Moonlighting in Key West – Shane Music
1989: Community – Shane Music
1990: New York Session – Shane Music
1993: Solo – Shane Music
1998: Retracing – Shane Music
2002: Comin' Back to Me – Shane Music

Sources
Del Priore, Joe.Hudson Current. May 29-June 4, 1997. Fortune, Ross. Time Out London. Apr 12–19, 1995. Galtney, Smith. Time Out New York.Aug 7-14, 1997. <mask>, <mask>. New York House “Building A Healthy Home” December 2006. Heidt, John. Vintage Guitar. Mar 2003.
International Rockbill Magazine. “Rising Stars.” Nov 1984.Kallenbach, Laurel. Natural Home Magazine. “Shaker It Up.” Nov/Dec, 2006
Mag Rack. Guitar Xpress. “Street Licks.” Aug 4, 2004. Molinaro, Katie. AM New York.“Playin’ Aint’ Payin.’” Feb 4, 2009
Time Out NY June 2010

References

External links
 NYC Subway Girl

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American women guitarists
Guitarists from New York (state)
People from Ogdensburg, New York
21st-century American women

masks:
Cathy Grier
Cathy Grier
Cathy
Grier
Grier
Grier
Grier
Grier
Grier
Grier
Grier
” Grier
Grier
Grier
Cathy Grier
Grier
Grier
Cathy Grier
Cathy
Grier
Grier
Cathy


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<mask> "Special Brew" (born 2 February 1965) is a former English professional darts player who competed in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) tournaments. He reached No. 6 in the PDC Order of Merit. <mask> reached his first major televised final in 2005, when he was beaten by England's Phil Taylor in the UK Open. Early career
<mask> made his televised debut at the 2002 World Matchplay but suffered a 10-0 whitewash at the hands of John Part. His World Championship debut came in 2004, but he lost 0-3 to Erik Clarys in his first match. He went out to Wayne Mardle 2-4 in 2005.He won his first match at the World Championship at his third attempt in 2006. He was seeded 12th for the event, and beat Warren Parry before losing 0-4 to Dennis Smith in the next round. Professional career

2007-2010
He had slipped to 16th in the world rankings for the 2007 World Championship, when he was surprisingly beaten by 19-year-old Dutch player Rico Vonck, thus continuing his poor run at the tournament. He started the year ranked 15th in the world, but had fallen to 32 by November, which put him in danger of failing to qualify for the 2008 World Championship. However, he reached the semi-final of the Ireland Open Classic in September, and won the non-ranked Gleneagle Irish Masters in early November, thus hinting at an upturn in form. He also reached the semi-finals of the PDC German Darts Championship. In the 2008 PDC World Darts Championship, <mask> defeated Adrian Gray in the first round, setting up a second-round match with Taylor.<mask> led Taylor 1-0, 2-1 and 3-2 before Taylor won six consecutive legs to beat him 4-3. Despite losing, <mask> stated that from suffering dartitis to pushing the greatest player in the world to the final set at the World Championship was a great victory in its own right. <mask> continued his good form, reaching three quarter finals including the Open Holland Masters and then reached the last 32 stage of the US Open and the UK Open. He followed up with a semi final showing in the PDPA Players Championship Las Vegas and then qualified for the 2008 Las Vegas Desert Classic the next day. He beat Bill Davis in the first round before losing to James Wade. He then reached the second round of the 2008 World Matchplay, defeating Colin Lloyd in the opening match of the tournament but lost to Kevin McDine. He reached the second round of the World Grand Prix, beating Steve Beaton in the first round before losing to Terry Jenkins.<mask> missed out on qualifying for the 2008 Grand Slam of Darts but bounced back to reach the semi finals of the inaugural Championship League Darts, winning group eight and then placing second in the winners group, eventually losing to Mervyn King. He then reached the quarter finals of the 2008 European Darts Championship and reached the final of the PDPA Players Championship Holland 2, losing to Wade. <mask> defeated Jamie Caven 3-2 in the first round of the 2009 PDC World Championship, narrowly missing out on a nine dart finish on the way. In the second round he lost 4-2 to King. On 17 January, <mask> hit a nine-dart finish in the Eddie Cox Memorial Players Championship in Gibraltar against Caven to win the deciding leg of their first round match. Having rolled over for four Players Championships, <mask> won £1,600 for the nine-darter. <mask> won his first PDC title in two years, when he won the Coventry Players Championship on 28 March 2009 beating Taylor 6-4 in the final.He added another title with his second career UK Open Regional in Derby, by winning the East Midlands region 6-5 over Raymond van Barneveld. 2010 – present
<mask> was 12th seed for the 2010 World Championship, however he didn't get past the first round after losing 3-2 to former World Champion <mask>. <mask> qualified for the 2011 Grand Slam of Darts as the highest ranked player from the PDC Order of Merit not already invited. He progressed through Group A with victories over Tony O'Shea and Michael van Gerwen but finished second after losing to Scott Waites. He then defeated Group B winner Dean Winstanley 10-9 and former World Champion Ted Hankey 16-14 before losing out 11-16 to Gary Anderson. At the 2012 World Championship he came from a set down to defeat Warren French, 3–1 in the first round. <mask> played Kevin Painter in the Last 32 and came back from 1–3 to level the match at 3–3.He couldn't keep his momentum going, however, as he lost the deciding set by 3 legs to 0 to exit the tournament 3–4. At the World Matchplay, <mask> beat Colin Osborne 10–8 in the first round, before being comprehensively beaten 4–13 by James Wade in the last 16. Despite winning the first set in his first round match against Robert Thornton at the World Grand Prix, he only took one more leg and lost 1–2. <mask> qualified from Group 8 of the Championship League with a 6–5 victory against Steve Beaton. However, he finished bottom of the eight man Winners Group, winning just one of his seven matches. <mask> was whitewashed 0–5 in his opening Group H game of the Grand Slam of Darts, but came back to defeat both Wayne Jones and Christian Kist 5–4. However, his heavy defeat and narrow wins meant that he failed to qualify for the knockout stage on leg difference.After all 33 ProTour events of 2012 had been played, <mask> was 23rd on the Order of Merit, inside the top 32 who qualified for the Players Championship Finals. He was beaten 1–6 by Thornton in the first round. <mask> reached the last 16 of the 2013 World Championship with wins over Darren Webster and Justin Pipe, but then lost to Wes Newton 1–4, having missed three darts to only trail 2–3. He lost 4–5 to Lee Palfreyman in the second round of the UK Open. He failed to qualify for the World Matchplay for the first time in his career and the World Grand Prix for the first time since 2007 due to falling out of the top 16 on the Order of Merit and not winning enough games through the PDC Pro Tour. In October, <mask> reached the quarter-finals of a Pro Tour event for the first time in a year at the 11th Players Championship as he beat the likes of Andy Hamilton and Newton, before his run was ended with a 6–4 defeat against Robert Thornton. He lost 5–0 to Robert Thornton and 5–1 to Andy Hamilton at the Grand Slam of Darts, before a consolation 5–2 victory over Justin Pipe but <mask> was already resigned to finishing bottom of the group.At the 2014 World Championship <mask> missed five darts to extend his first round match against Jarkko Komula into a final set as he lost 3–1. He dropped to world number 31 after the event concluded and was defeated 9–5 by <mask> in the third round of the UK Open. <mask> failed to advance beyond the last 32 of any event after this. He fell to world number 41 ahead of the 2015 World Championship, outside of the top 32 who automatically qualify and could not claim a place via any other route to break a streak of 11 consecutive appearances in the event. 2015 also marked the first UK Open not to feature <mask> (he had played in each one since its inception in 2003) after he failed to win enough matches to qualify. He did qualify for four European Tour events with two first round and two second round exits adding a total of £5,000 to his ranking. <mask> was 65th on the Order of Merit after the 2016 World Championship, just outside the top 64 who remain on tour and so entered Q School.Despite losing in the final round to Vincent Kamphuis on the last day, <mask> had done more than enough to win his place back right away as he topped the Q School Order of Merit. At the 10th Players Championship in July, <mask> reached his first quarter-final in over two years, but lost 6–1 to Andrew Gilding. This helped him qualify for the Finals and, in what was his PDC major event since February 2014, he was edged out 6–5 by Josh Payne in the opening round. Successes
He has won six non-televised PDC titles: the Welsh Regional final of the UK Open in September 2005, the Gleneagle Irish Masters in November 2007, the Coventry Players Championship and the UK Open East Midlands Regional plus two more Players Championships in Barnsley beating Jamie Caven and in Germany beating Andy Hamilton 6–5. 2020
As of the 18th January he has not participated in any darts event. World Championship results

PDC
 2004: Second round (lost to Erik Clarys 0–3) (sets)
 2005: Third round (lost to Wayne Mardle 2–4)
 2006: Second round (lost to Dennis Smith 0–4)
 2007: First round (lost to Rico Vonck 0–3)
 2008: Second round (lost to Phil Taylor 3–4)
 2009: Second round (lost to Mervyn King 2–4)
 2010: First round (lost to <mask> 2–3)
 2011: Third round (lost to Terry Jenkins 0–4)
 2012: Second round (lost to Kevin Painter 3–4)
 2013: Third round (lost to Wes Newton 1–4)
 2014: First round (lost to Jarkko Komula 1–3)

Career finals

PDC major finals: 1 (1 runner-up)

Performance timeline

References

External links
<mask>'s official website
<mask>'s profile and stats on Darts Database

1965 births
Living people
English darts players
Professional Darts Corporation former tour card holders
Sportspeople from Watford
Darts players with dartitis
PDC ranking title winners

masks:
Mark Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Mark Webster
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Mark Webster
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Walsh
Mark Webster
Mark Walsh
Mark Walsh


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<mask> (1967) is an author, photographer and gender activist from India. Her non-fiction book Sex and Power: Defining History, Shaping Societies was published in 2008. She is the founder of the 50 Million Missing online campaign to raise awareness of female gendercide in India. Early career
<mask> started her career as an environmentalist specializing in Conservation Biology. In 1995 she received the Amy Lutz award in Plant Biology from the Association for Women in Science (AWIS) for her PhD work on the effects of acid rain on maize. Other awards and recognitions she has received include:
Morgan Adams Award in Biology for PhD Research; Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society, Associate member; Botanical Society of America's Young Botanist Recognition Award; Charles A. Dana Fellowship for Research in Ecology; Howard Hughes Grant for research in genetics. She was also listed in Who's Who Among Students in American Universities and Colleges.Many of <mask>'s projects had a gender perspective. She worked with the Chipko women's grassroots movement in India under the tutelage of eco-feminist Vandana Shiva and for the Institute for Policy Studies and World Resources Institute. Transition to Writing and Gender Activism
At the age of 30 <mask> returned to India and began to write on issues of gender equality and women's rights in India. Her writings and photos have been published in a range of journals and magazines in different countries. In 2009 she received the Apex Award of Excellence for Magazine and Journal Writing. Sex and Power
<mask>'s non-fiction book Sex and Power:Defining History, Shaping Societies was first published in India in 2008. The book was the result of a five-year social and historical study of sex and sexuality in India.In the book <mask> examines why current day India is squeamish about sex, despite a historical openness about the subject shown by worship of lingam and yoni, erotic art in temples, and literature on the art and science of love-making such as the Kama Sutra. She concludes that a society's sexual mores vary over time and are linked to the social groups in power. The 50 Million Missing Campaign
In December 2006 <mask> started 50 Million Missing, an online advocacy campaign to raise awareness of female gendercide in India. The campaign was launched on Flickr, collecting thousands of photos of Indian girls and women from over 2400 photographers. Since its launch the campaign has grown and spread to other social networking sites and also runs information blogs. It is a zero-fund campaign and runs on community effort and participation. The campaign was a consequence of <mask>'s book Sex and Power.She says, "The data on the systemic and mass-scale violence on Indian women and girls I was gathering for my book was playing out in its stark grotesqueness in my everyday reality. A baby girl is abandoned on the streets in my city, and as residents wait for the police to respond, street dogs kill her and start eating her…I saw the connection and for the first time felt uneasy, ashamed and outraged." <mask> contends that the three worst disasters that India faces in the 21st century, are population explosion, an AIDS epidemic, and the female gendercide. These she concludes are a result of India's deeply patriarchal and conservative approach to women and sexual morality, and the "socialized dichotomy" of men from women, and sex from the sacred. In an interview with The Big Issue in the North <mask> says the underlying problem with all three issues is a "virulent patriarchy that is self-indulgent...through [its practice of] multiple partners and irresponsible sex, and it essentially views women as sexual commodities to be used and discarded at will. A woman's only worth is in her production of sons for the continuation of the patriarchy. So daughters are routinely discarded before or soon after birth."Views on India’s female gendercide
<mask> has argued against the view that education and economic development are the solution to India's female gendercide. She states that an analysis of census data indicates that the gender ratio is most imbalanced in the top 20% of the population of India by wealth and education and that the ratio is closest to the natural norm in the bottom 20% of the same scale. She asserts that increased access to education, health care, jobs and higher earnings lead to more abortions of unborn female children, drawing a direct correlation between the number of educational degrees a woman has and the likelihood that she will eliminate unborn daughters. <mask> also claims that high-income professional women are also victims of dowry violence and murder in India. Their education and wealth is no protection, because they are unable to fight off the family and cultural pressures on them to remain in the marriage, regardless of the violence they are subjected to. <mask> contends that it is not economics or education, but rather a cultural misogyny that is the prime factor in India's female gendercide. She says this is most evident in how culture specific crimes like dowry murders and ‘honour' killings hound expatriate Indian women too, and sex-selected abortion is so prevalent, that the Indian communities in certain western countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Norway too have sex ratios that are abnormally skewed against females.<mask> asserts that gendercide needs to be recognised as a gender based hate crime against women, what Diana Russell has termed as ‘Femicide,’ and be dealt with in the same manner as other hate crimes based on race, religion or ethnicity.
. She explains that this lethal hatred of females is rooted in India’s history, religions and traditions, which over the centuries have created a socially permissive environment for extreme and deadly violence against females. She calls this "the acculturation of female homicide." She says,"terms [like] sati, bride-burning, dowry death, doodh-peeti, kuri-mar, and jauhar…[are each] a method of female homicide that was [or still is] widely practised, widely accepted, and culturally-specific to India... When a practice acquires a name in a society, it becomes acceptable at the subconscious level of that community's collective thinking. Its premise becomes sacrosanct, and the lines between crime and culture, and what is permissible and reprehensible, become blurred. It is this deep, historically-rooted acculturation of female homicide that is sustaining female genocide in India. ”

A Call for a Feminist Revolution in India
According to <mask>, India has not experienced a sexual revolution in the same way as that seen in Europe and North America, which established each woman's independent and individual rights and choices over her own body and sexuality.She believes it is very important for the women's movement in India to have such a revolution particularly in context of putting the gendercide in perspective for Indian society. As she points out, this is because, "It is about the recognition of women as individuals with certain fundamental rights, including that of safety and personal choices, which no one, not even the family, can violate… A girl or woman, within the Indian cultural context, is regarded as a family’s property. She does not have the ownership of her own body… And so it is the parents, the husbands, and in-laws who have the prerogative to decide and make the choices regarding a girl or a woman’s being. Whether or not she is allowed to live [before or] after birth…Who she can or cannot marry… Her husband is entitled to sex whether she wants it or not. He decides when and how many children he wants and what sex they should be. He and his family can torture her to extort more dowry wealth, or subjugate her to repeated pregnancies and excruciating abortions to rid female progeny as always is the case with female feticides…[There is] yet another constrictive, dictatorial authority that asserts its power over an individual woman’s being in India – that of culture and society. It decides what constitutes the prototype of a "good Indian woman" – and directs everything from her demeanor and costume, to what her roles and goals in society ought to be..
"

Interviews

Women on Women's Rights: With <mask>ji Women's Web, 26 September 2012

Alam Bains.Interview with <mask>: Award-winning Author, Photographer, Gender Activist. Youth Ki Awaaz, 9 January 2012. 50 Million Missing Campaign. Heart to Heart Talks, 7 December 2011

Anjum Choudhry Nayyar. Author of Sex and Power, <mask> Talks Marriage, Divorce and Raising Strong Daughters. Masalamommas: An Online Magazine for Today's Moms with a South Asian Connection, 31 October 2011

Colin Todhunter. Delink Wealth and Weddings.Deccan Herald. May 2011. Soraya Nulliah. Interview with <mask> – Part I. My He(Art) Full Blog. 8 March 2011. Soraya Nulliah.Interview with <mask> – Part II My He(Art) Full Blog. 13 April 2011

India's Silent Gender Cleansing. The Asia Mag! 3 April 2009. Power at Play. The Indian Express, 18 March 2009. Ciara Leeming.Author Q and A: <mask>. The Big Issue in the North, 20–26 July 2009. Fifty Million Missing Women: <mask> Fights Female Genocide. Mount Holyoke Alumnae Quarterly, 29 August 2008. Anasuya Basu. Sex Through the Ages. The Telegraph, 15 March 2009.Colin Todhunter. Where Have They All Gone? The Deccan Herald, 11 October 2008

References

External links
 <mask> at Wordpress.com
 The 50 Million Missing campaign at Wordpress.com

Indian feminist writers
George Washington University alumni
Indian feminists
Indian women activists
Indian women's rights activists
Indian women photographers
Mount Holyoke College alumni
Indian women essayists
Living people
1967 births

masks:
Rita Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Banerji
Rita Baner
Rita Banerji
Rita Banerji
Rita Banerji
Rita Banerji
Rita Banerji
Rita Banerji
Rita Banerji


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<mask> (born <mask>; December 22, 1929 – April 10, 2019) was an American futurist, author, and public speaker. She is credited with the concepts of "The Synergy Engine" and the "birthing" of humanity. Early life and education
A Jewish agnostic, <mask> was the first of four children of Irene (née Saltzman) and <mask>, a toy maker. In her youth she attended the Dalton School in New York City. She studied at L'Ecole des Sciences Politiques at La Sorbonne in Paris during her junior year of college, and received a B.A. cum laude in Political Science from Bryn Mawr College in 1951. Career

As an author, speaker, and co-founder and president of the Foundation for Conscious Evolution, <mask> posited that humanity was on the threshold of a quantum leap if newly emergent scientific, social, and spiritual capacities were integrated to address global crises.She was the author of seven books on social and planetary evolution. In conjunction with the Shift Network, she co-produced the worldwide "Birth 2012" multimedia event. She was the subject of a biography by author Neale Donald Walsch, The Mother of Invention: The Legacy of <mask> <mask> and the Future of "YOU". Deepak Chopra called her "the voice for conscious evolution". <mask> was an American modern-day female futurist, carrying her ideas across the millennia. Throughout her life, she had questioned what would make life easier as well as make people happy. For <mask>, she did not like the molds that were expected out of herself as well as others, and in the 1970s she started speaking at futurist conferences about her findings.Those aided in her interest to the movement and resulted in her attending, speaking at, and creating conferences. With that, she dedicated her life to sharing the potential today's modern world has in achieving a better society and came up with the idea of "birthing" humanity. In 1998, she had written and published a successful book titled “Conscious Evolution: Awakening the Power of Our Social Potential". which was about her futurist ideas in making a better society as well as focusing on what the conscious mind can do if it is aware of its power. <mask> went as far as creating her own organization called the Committee for the Future and later created others such as Women of Vision in Action, The Alliance for the Advancement of Conscious Evolution as well as 7 others. <mask> helped set modern futurism into momentum and took measures to make sure the ideas continued beyond her. Her name was placed in nomination for the vice-presidency of the United States on the Democratic ticket in 1984, and at which convention she gave a speech upon being nominated.She was the first woman to be nominated for the Vice Presidency of the United States on the Democratic ticket. She also co-chaired a number of Soviet-American Citizen Summits, introducing a new concept called "SYNCON" to foster synergistic convergence with opposing groups. In addition, she co-founded the World Future Society, and the Association for Global New Thought. Personal life and death
<mask>'s daughter Alexandra Morton is a marine biologist and her sister Patricia Ellsberg is the wife of Pentagon Papers whistleblower Daniel Ellsberg. <mask> fell ill with knee swelling on April 3, 2019, and was taken to the Medical Center of the Rockies in Loveland, Colorado, to receive treatment. She was later sent to the hospital emergency room. On April 6, a doctor reported that she had not woken from treatment easily and her condition continued to worsen.On April 8, <mask> expressed that she was preparing to leave and died on April 10. Bibliography
 The Evolutionary Journey: A Personal Guide to a Positive Future (1992 edition with Barry Weins and Wabun Wind). Evolutionary Press, 1982. The Hunger of Eve: One Woman's Odyssey Toward the Future. Island Pacific Northwest, 1989. The Revelation: Our Crisis is a Birth (The Book of Co-Creation). Foundation for Conscious Evolution, 1993.The Revelation: A Message of Hope for the New Millennium. Nataraj Publishing, 1995 (2nd ed.) Excerpts reprinted by permission of Hay House in the Monthly Aspectarian, available online: Part I, August 1996 and Part II, September 1996
 Conscious Evolution: Awakening the Power of Our Social Potential. New World Library, 1998. Emergence: The Shift from Ego to Essence. Hampton Roads Publishing Company, 2001. Birth 2012 & Beyond: Humanity's Great Shift to the Age of Conscious Evolution.Shift Books, 2012. Conscious Evolution: Awakening the Power of Our Social Potential. Revised Edition. New World Library, 2015. The Suprasexual rEvolution: Toward the Birth of a Universal Humanity. With Marian Head. Marlin Press, 2012
52 Codes For Conscious Self Evolution: A Process of Metamorphosis to Realize Our Full Potential Self.With Carolyn Anderson. Foundation for Conscious Evolution, 2011

Multimedia
 Humanity Ascending; OUR STORY DVD (2007)
 Visions of a Universal Humanity DVD (2010)
American Visionary: The Story Of <mask> <mask> DVD (2017)

References

External links
 BarbaraMarxHubbard.com (same as Evolve.org), her website. <mask> <mask>'s Vice-Presidential Nomination Speech : 1984 Democratic National Convention Speech

Articles and interviews

 "The Autobiography of <mask> <mask>"
 with Jeffrey Mishlove in Thinking Allowed, Conversations On the Leading Edge of Knowledge and Discovery "The Planetary Birth Part I: What Is the Meaning of Our Power?" with Dennis Hughes in "Share Guide: The Holistic Health Magazine and Resource Directory"
 Evolution by choice, not chance
 with Diane M. Cooper in The Spirit of Ma'at, Volume 1 No. 5 "The Futurists Creating Peace"
 with Judy Williams in PlanetLightworker.com Evolutionary Party Line
 with Elizabeth Debold in A Fusion of Genius
 with Duncan Campbell in Living Dialogues - Evolutionary Citizen Solutions in a New Energy World

2019 deaths
1929 births
New Thought writers
Bryn Mawr College alumni
American non-fiction writers
Writers from New York (state)
20th-century American Jews
Jewish agnostics
The Futurist people
American agnostics
21st-century American Jews

masks:
Barbara Marx Hubbard
Barbara Marx
Barbara Marx
Louis Marx
Hubbard
Barbara Marx
Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Hubbard
Barbara Marx
Hubbard
Barbara Marx
Hubbard
Barbara Marx
Hubbard


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<mask> (born July 26, 1970) is an American musician, singer-songwriter and producer who releases music as <mask> As Police Woman. She began her career playing violin with the Dambuilders and played with Black Beetle, Antony and the Johnsons, and Those Bastard Souls. Since 2004 she has released her solo material as Joan As Police Woman. She has released five regular studio albums, one EP, a number of singles and two albums of cover songs. Throughout her career, she has regularly collaborated with other artists as a writer, performer and arranger. Early life
Born at the Saint Andre Home in Biddeford, Maine, to an unmarried teenage mother, Wasser was given up for adoption at infancy. She was raised in Norwalk, Connecticut, with her adoptive younger brother Dan, who is a visual artist.She credits her background as an adopted child with her "very extroverted" personality and dressing up a lot. She explained that "when you are in a situation where you're not blood-related to your family, it does become extremely obvious that you're born with your personality". Wasser began with piano lessons at age six and had her first violin lessons at age eight. She played violin in school and community orchestras before leaving Norwalk for her college studies. At the age of 18, Wasser began her music career during her studies at the College of Fine Arts, Boston University. She studied music under, among others, Yuri Mazurkevich and played with the Boston University Symphony Orchestra. Wasser soon grew disillusioned and found that she "didn't want to make classical music my life, the Beethoven symphonies have already been played a million times and I am not going to do it any better".Instead, she joined a number of local punk bands trying "to bridge the gap between the guitar and the bass and play the violin really loud". Career

The Dambuilders

In 1991, Wasser joined the Dambuilders who were signed to Elektra Records in 1994. Wasser featured on three albums as a violinist. The band played a number of shows on the East Coast, and found an admirer in Colin Greenwood of Radiohead. On stage, Wasser managed to stand out with "bright costumes and dyed, often dreadlocked hair". In 1995, the band appeared on Lollapalooza followed by the release of the album Ruby Red. Wasser augmented her role within the band, adding guitar and keyboard parts, singing vocals, as well as co-writing several songs as found on the album Against the Stars.Wasser first began to make a name for herself in the indie rock world during her time in The Dambuilders as she developed her aggressive style of playing, which led to work outside the group. Wasser moved to Brooklyn, New York in 1996, while The Dambuilders disbanded in October 1997. Black Beetle
In May 1997, her boyfriend of three years, musician Jeff Buckley, drowned accidentally in Memphis. She found it "such a traumatic experience of loss. I needed to grieve but I didn't know how". She continued to play with Those Bastard Souls, a band started in 1995 by a close friend of the couple, Dave Shouse of the Grifters. They made a record entitled Debt & Departure attempting to respond to Buckley's death.In late 1997, she created a band with the remaining members of Buckley's band called Black Beetle and finished an eponymous album that was never released. This was the first project where she was writing as well as fronting a band. She commented, "I found singing terrifying at first, I didn't know about the boundaries of my voice and I had no idea what words I wanted to say. The violin had been my voice for so long." Antony and the Johnsons

In 1999, <mask> joined Antony and the Johnsons, initially as a violinist, but eventually as a full-time member. She contributed to their Mercury Prize-winning album, I Am a Bird Now. She explained that she "was called up to stand in for another violinist but by the end of the rehearsal (she) was in the band".The experience was "like a renaissance", and she "was surrounded by gentle people and quiet music [...] I had a space to let go". <mask> As Police Woman
While working with others, Wasser began to develop her own material, which she described as sounding "like old Al Green records". She focused on guitar and singing as "for a long time, I was really content with playing violin [...] and then all of a sudden it wasn't enough". The end of Black Beetle in June 2002 brought the beginning of Wasser's work as a solo artist and the creation of a new band, <mask> as Police Woman. The name was a reference to the TV series Police Woman featuring Angie Dickinson. Wasser found the actress inspirational as "she was really powerful but sexy at the same time" in the role. She also preferred "the name to be funny because, although my music is serious, I like to laugh at tragedy".She formed a new trio in New York City together with Ben Perowsky on drums and Rainy Orteca on bass. Perowsky also co-produced the EP that also featured contributions by Oren Bloedow, Dave Derby and Erik Sanko. She co-wrote the song "My Gurl" with Michael Tighe. The group self-released a five-track eponymous EP in 2004, as Wasser had "decided to do it without a record deal because I wanted to make music on my own terms". In February 2004, Rufus Wainwright asked her to join his band on tour providing backing vocals and strings. In the second half of the year, she joined Joseph Arthur on tour as a violinist. Real Life
In December 2005, Wasser signed a distribution deal with Reveal Records, a British indie label, which subsequently re-released the self-titled debut EP, while adding one track.<mask> as Police Woman's full-length debut, Real Life, appeared in the UK on June 12, 2006, and through PIAS in Europe and elsewhere. She embarked on a tour around Europe where she played a mixture of headlining shows and support slots, including the Guillemots. The album was eventually released in the USA on June 12, 2007, on Cheap Lullaby Records based in Los Angeles. In early 2008, Real Life won in The 7th Annual Independent Music Awards for Best Pop/Rock Album. The album included three singles, "Christobel", "The Ride", and "Eternal Flame", which was supported by a video directed by Leah Meyerhoff. To Survive
Her second album, To Survive, was released in June 2008 and featured Rufus Wainwright on the song "To America". The title referred to the loss of her mother to cancer, where she felt encouraged "to talk about it, [to] put it into words and get it out there”.It was recorded with Rainy Orteca and Parker Kindred, an old friend and drummer of her previous band Black Beetle. The album reached No. 43 in Uncut's review of the year 2008, as well as in Q Magazine's top 50. Musically it was described as having "dance-floor soul and indie-rock influences". With Rainy Orteca departing to pursue her own projects, Wasser and Kindred were joined by Timo Ellis on bass guitar for touring in 2008. At the end of her 2009 European tour, Wasser returned to New York to play a show and release a new album of cover songs, entitled Cover. The Deep Field
In 2011, she released her third album, The Deep Field.It contained the singles "The Magic", "Nervous" and "Chemmie". The Classic
On March 10, 2014, Wasser released her fourth album, The Classic, featuring the single "Holy City", featuring a video filmed by Alex de Campi. Let It Be You
In 2016, Wasser collaborated with Benjamin Lazar Davis and released the album Let It Be You in October. It was preceded by the single "Broke Me In Two". The album received mixed reviews, with DIY noting it as a "curiously unbalanced album", while allmusic.com described it as "a collection of appealingly loose, lush songs full of creativity". The duo followed the release by a UK tour. Damned Devotion
The album Damned Devotion was released on February 9, 2018.Emily Mackay, writing for The Guardian, describes Wasser's return to her "characteristically languorous, smoky zone". Before the album release Wasser released the single Tell Me, with its plea for openness and intimacy. "I am always wanting more intimate dialogue", says <mask>. "Fear of being vulnerable, future tripping and feelings of shame, paranoia and jealousy get in the way. You got to separate now what’s real, what’s not real – stop using jealousy (not real) as a way to avoid having to clarify and tell me what you really want (real). Why don’t we try trusting each other enough to be fully transparent? What is there to lose?"Joanthology
The album Joanthology was released on May 24, 2019. Collaborations
Wasser did considerable session work providing strings and vocals for a number of artists throughout her career. Her resume includes live performances and studio work with Elton John, Lou Reed, Rufus Wainwright, John Cale, Sheryl Crow, Scissor Sisters, Sparklehorse, Dave Gahan, Tanya Donelly, Joseph Arthur, and Fan Modine. She has worked with Nathan Larson on his side-project, Mind Science of the Mind and ex-Fishbone member Chris Dowd's Seedy Arkhestra album. In the liner notes to an album by the latter, Dowd praised her as a "soulful mothafucka." In 2006, Wasser contributed backing vocals and violin to the track "Redwings" on Guillemots' debut album Through the Windowpane. She provided vocals and plays the violin on the song "Ballad of a Deadman" alongside David Sylvian on Steve Jansen's album Slope which was released in 2007.Wasser was credited for playing piano, violin, and guitar as well as contributing vocals on Lloyd Cole's 2010 release, Broken Record. In 2013, she started the band 2001 with Benjamin Lazar Davis, which released its first single "Broke Me in Two" in September 2015. In 2014, she released a track on the Printer Clips album, the side-project of Bell X 1's lead singer Paul Noonan. Also in 2014, she began to work and perform with Scottish folk outfit Lau, producing their album The Bell That Never Rang, released in May 2015. In 2015, <mask> performed with the English alternative rock band Placebo on their MTV Unplugged session. She sang a duet with vocalist Brian Molko in the song "Protect Me from What I Want". In 2020, <mask> appeared on the Gorillaz song "Simplicity" from their album Song Machine, Season One: Strange Timez.Discography

Studio albums

Compilation albums

Live albums

EPs
 <mask> as Police Woman (self-released 2004 – CD; re-released February 27, 2006)

Singles

Compilation appearances
2003: Jane Magazine compilation ("Prime Mover")
2007: Back to Mine: Guillemots ("The Ride")
2008: Mojo Presents The White Album Recovered Vol. 1 ("I Will")
2012: Spirit of Talk Talk (Myrrhman)
2012: The Separate - Orchestral Variations V.01 (This Night Has Opened My Eyes)
2020: Songs for Australia, performing a cover of Gotye's "Hearts a Mess"

References

External links

Official website

1970 births
Living people
American violinists
Boston University College of Fine Arts alumni
People from Biddeford, Maine
Musicians from Norwalk, Connecticut
Singers from Maine
Independent Music Awards winners
21st-century American women singers
Antony and the Johnsons members
The Dambuilders members
21st-century American singers
21st-century violinists
American adoptees

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Joan Wasser
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<mask> (February 10, 1867November 26, 1926) was an American businessman and politician. Active initially in journalism, he redirected his business interests to the expansion of railroads and the promotion of mining. Politically he served as Secretary of Arizona Territory and as Mayor of Phoenix. Early life
Born to John Alexander and Elizabeth (Wilson<mask> on February 10, 1867, in Hamburg, Clark County, Indiana. While he attended public schools, he was primarily self-taught. By age 12 he was literate in both Greek and Latin. His mother died when <mask> was a boy and his father moved the family to Kansas in 1879.He began working at age 14, taking a job as a farm hand. A year later he was teaching at a local school. <mask> also began a study of law. After being admitted to the Kansas bar when he was 21, he began a successful legal practice, winning eighteen cases. <mask> left  his legal practice in 1890 and moved to Phoenix, Arizona Territory. Arizona

In Arizona, <mask> became a bookkeeper for a company building a railroad line between Ashfork and Phoenix. He then worked his way up to fireman and engineer with the Atlantic & Pacific Railroad.<mask> was then elected principal for the schools in Williams. He remained there for four years. During this time he became the owner and publisher of the Williams News. In another business venture, <mask> joined with Buckey O'Neill and became an organizer and promoter for the Grand Canyon Railway. Following O'Neill's death, <mask> became the primary force behind the railroad's completion. The effort was financially unsuccessful and <mask> stated losses valued over $75,000 in the venture. <mask> joined an American Railway Union strike in 1904 and never returned to work for the railroads.<mask> married Mary Ellen Smith of Williams on September 26, 1900. The union produced two daughters, <mask>, later Helen Y. Brown and a son, <mask> Jr.. Mary Ellen often went by the name of Ellen M<mask>. <mask><mask> Jr. lived in Mesa, Arizona until he died in the 1970s. Fraternally, <mask> was a 32nd degree Mason. He was also a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Knights of Pythias, and the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine.Young Mines Company Ltd. (Goldfield, Arizona)

Around 1893, <mask> became interested in prospecting and the promotion of mining stock. In Goldfield, Arizona, later renamed Youngberg, Arizona, <mask> was the president and general manager of Young Mines Company, Ltd..  Young Mines Company Ltd. became the claimant of the multiple Mammoth Lode claim's, otherwise referred to as The Mammoth Mines, which are depicted on several Bureau of Land Management sheets as connected mineral surveys. The original plats for the lode mining claims claimed by Young Mines Company, Ltd. are depicted on U.S. Mineral Surveys No. 3884, 3886 and 1130 (multiple sheets). The Plat was ultimately amended in 1961, along with the corresponding field notes. Then claim(s) were relinquished by claimant in 1967–1968.A hearing examiners order Contest No. Arizona 961, dated September 17, 1968, declared many of the claims invalid. According to the Plat and notes of record, The Mammoth, Mammoth No. 2 and Montezuma lodes, M.S. 1130 were canceled December 16, 1997 (9605), making the cancelling an official part of the field notes of survey. Mineral Survey 3884 which depicted the 'Arpad' et, al. lodes was cancelled February 3, 1999.Derby Mine
Young associated himself with the Derby Mine, which was originally located on January 1, 1900, by located by Silas P. Hill and J.C. Forrest, and the Derby Mining Company in the Thumb Butte Mining District. The promotions of the Derby Mining Company stock took place between the Copper Basin and Mint Valley Mining Districts in the Sierra Prieta Range Yavapai County west of Prescott. There is a rich history of prospects, mining activity and the promotion of mining claims by <mask>. During the late 1800s and early 1900s, lode mining claims were located by prospectors who, like <mask>, identified these claims under both the 1866 Mining Act, and The General Mining Act of 1872. Regularly used by <mask> in his promotions of this popular field was his office letterhead, which read: 'Stocks, Bonds, Lands, Investments; Land and Irrigation Projects Examined; Mine Reports a Specialty. <mask><mask> acted as president, general manager and lessee of the Derby Mining Company in about 1902 and vice president and power of attorney of the later Madizelle Mining Company (1908), offering capital stock in both companies.Certificates were primarily issued through brokers, to investors on the east coast. <mask>'s cattle ranching prospects for the Derby lands were as just as much a part of the ground as his mining promotions. Both were well known throughout the Thumb Butte District, where present day Highland Park is centered. On June 17, 1907, the U.S. Surveyor General for Arizona issued official survey instructions[2] for mineral survey twenty four-twenty four to J.J. Fisher, a U.S. Deputy Mineral Surveyor. This effort resulted in the 'Plat of the (Mining) Claim of <mask>. <mask>, which was incorporated into land patent documents to the Madizelle Mining Company. [3] Official records indicate the mineral plat represents twenty five lode mining claims situated in the Thumb Butte Mining District: Puritan, Puritan No.2, Puritan No. 3, Iron Mask, Derby, Derby No. 2, Derby No. 3, Ellen No. 1, Ellen No. 2, Madizelle, Hugenot, Patsy, Humbert, Italian, Happy Strike, Sunny Side No. 1, Sunny Side, Surenough, Penos Alto No.1, Penos Alto No. 2, Penos Alto no. 3, Highland, Knocker Doom, Protection No.2 and Protection #3. <mask><mask> filed many types of lode mining claim location notices for claims throughout the Thumb Butte Mining District. One of his first mineral discoveries was aptly named the Accidental. <mask>.<mask> was a well known promoter in the Territory, publicly promoting himself, as well as his related mining ventures since the 1890s. In 1912, Geo. U<mask> sat as a director on the Phoenix Real Estate Board, which like the Madizelle Mining Company, also operated from the building block at 403-404 Fleming in downtown Phoenix, present site of the Wells Fargo tower. Regularly used by <mask> was his office letterhead, which read: 'Stocks, Bonds, Lands, Investments; Land and Irrigation Projects Examined; Mine Reports a Specialty.' <mask>'s mining ventures were well known throughout the Thumb Butte District, where present day Highland Park is centered. The primary foundation of present-day Highland Pines, is U.S.Mineral Survey 2424 the 'Plat of the (Mining) Claim of George U. Young, which was incorporated into land patent documents, to the later Madizelle Mining Co., <mask> U. <mask> acting as power of attorney for the company. <mask> is also associated with several other lode mining claim location notices, for claims throughout the Highland Park area. One of his first locations is known as the 'Accidental' Lode Mining Claim. Additional lode mining claims situated in the Thumb Butte Mining District are the Isabella, Big Ben No. 1, Big Ben No.2, Ellen M., Iona, Great Eastern, Last Chance (J.J. Fisher), Star, Lowry Hill, Lowry Cross, Ohio, Norman, Summit, Edgar, Alto, and Protection. Prominent locators working with <mask> in the early 1900s included Thomas Smith, Frank Polson, Thomas C. Hill, Silas 'S.P.' Hill, James R. Lowry, James Samuels, Norman Hale, and Joseph Dougherty. The mining efforts here were all greatly served by the simple flag station with one switch, known by local miners as Summit Station, otherwise known as Sierra Prieta on the Santa Fe, Prescott and Phoenix Railway. This was the main delivery system for the hauling of heavy equipment to the mining activity in the area. Politics

Politically, <mask> was secretary of the Republican territorial committee in 1908. On April 8, 1909, President William Howard Taft nominated him to become territorial secretary.<mask> took his oath of office on May 1 and he held the office until Arizona achieved statehood on February 14, 1912. While in office, <mask>'s primary concern was dealing with Arizona's 1910 constitutional convention. To aid in the efforts, Phoenix's first post office substation was opened adjacent to <mask>'s office on January 2, 1911. The substation dealt almost exclusively with mail related to Arizona's proposed constitution. In 1912, Geo. U<mask> sat as a director on the Phoenix Real Estate Board, which also operated from the building block at 403-404 Fleming in downtown Phoenix, present site of the Wells Fargo tower.On several occasions, <mask> served as acting governor. In July 1911, he granted clemency to several prisoners. This action angered Governor Richard Elihu Sloan, who was vacationing in California at the time. Sloan commented on the issue, saying "This is one reason why I spend so much time at home, I am almost afraid to get out of the territory for this sort of things has happened before." During his final months in office, <mask> oversaw the sale of office furniture belonging to the federal government. With statehood coming, <mask> was a Republican candidate for governor in 1911, but lost in the primary to Edmund W. Wells. He was elected Mayor of Phoenix and sworn in on April 7, 1914.The same year he was the Progressive party candidate for governor. He did fairly well for a third-party candidate, garnering over 10% of the vote, but lost to incumbent Democrat <mask>. P. Hunt and Republican nominee Ralph Cameron/ <mask> ran for reelection as mayor in 1916 but was defeated. He made another unsuccessful run for mayor in 1920. During the 1924 United States Presidential Election, <mask> was a Robert M. La Follette supporter. 1920-1926

After a mining accident at his Goldfield mining operation, <mask> experienced a severe decline in his health, starting from about 1920 on, and in late 1925 he was rendered an invalid. He died from apparent apoplexy on November 26, 1926, at his vacation home near the Derby Mine. He was cremated and his remains interred at Phoenix's Greenwood/Memory Lawn Mortuary & Cemetery.

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George Ulysses Young
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George Young
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<mask> (; 1851-1933) was a photographer in Iran during the reign of the Qajar dynasty (1785–1925). Early life
Born into a Russian family of Armenian-Georgian origin in the Russian embassy of Tehran, Iran: <mask> was one of the many children of Vasily Sevryugin and a Georgian Achin Khanoum. Vasily Sevryugin was a Russian diplomat to Tehran. Achin had raised her children in Tbilisi, Georgia, because she was denied her husband's pension. After Vassil died in a horse riding accident <mask> gave up the art form of painting, and took up photography to support his family. His brothers Kolia and Emanuel helped him set up a studio in Tehran on Ala al-dawla Street (today Ferdowsi St.). Celebrity

Many of Antoin's photographs were taken from 1870-1930.Because Sevruguin spoke Persian as well as other languages, he was capable of communicating to different social strata and tribes from his country Iran. His photos of the royal court, harems, and mosques and other religious monuments were compared to the other Western photographers in Persia. The reigning Shah, Nasir al-Din Shah (reigned from 1846–1896) took a special interest in photography and many royal buildings and events were portrayed by Sevruguin. Landscape photography
Because Sevruguin travelled Persia and took pictures of the country, his travels record the Iran as it was in his time. Sevruguins pictures show Tehran as a small city. They show monuments, bridges and landscapes which have changed since then. Ethnographical photography
Some of Sevruguin's portraiture fed preexisting stereotypes of Easterners but nevertheless had a commercial value and today prove to be historical records of regional dress.Photographic studios in the nineteenth century advertised a type of picture known in French as "types". These were portraits of typical ethnic groups and their occupation. They informed the European viewer, unfamiliar with Persian culture, about the looks of regional dress, handcraft, religion and professions. Photographing regional costumes was an accepted method of ethnological research in the nineteenth century. Many European ethnological museums bought Sevruguins portraiture to complement their scientific collection. Museums collected pictures of merchants in the bazaar, members of a zurkhana (a wrestling school), dervishes, gatherings of crowds to see the taziyeh theatre, people engaged in shiite rituals and more. Sevruguins portraits were also spread as postcards with the text: 'Types persans'.Sevruguin was a photographer who had no boundaries in portraying people of all sorts of social classes and ethnic backgrounds. He portrayed members of the Persian royal family as well as beggars, fellow countrymen of Iran or Westerners, farmers working fields, womenweavers at work, army officers, religious officials, Zoroastrians, Armenians, Lurs, Georgians, Kurds, Shasavan, Assyrians, and Gilak. Sevruguin's photographic studio
Many Westerners who lived in Persia and travellers who visited the country brought back pictures from Sevruguin, mentioning him in travelogues of the time. Sevruguin's photographic studio was located on the Avenue Ala al-Dawla and was not the only photographic studio in this street. Local people could have their picture taken in this studio as well. They could pose in front of a painted backdrop. Most pictures were taken as a glass negative and printed out as an albumen print.Often a logo with Sevruguin's name was printed on one side of the picture. Many 19th century tourists misspelled his name, finding it difficult to spell it in Western languages: Sevraguine, Sevrugin, Sevriogin, Segruvian, and Serunian for example. His name was phonetically spelled Sevr-joe-gien. Vandalism
In 1908 the world was denied the rich collection of Sevruguin's images when Cossacks of Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar (reigned from 1907–1909) inadvertently bombed his store in suppression of Zahiru’d-Dawla, the constitutionalist Governor of Rasht. His house along with the whole street was burned. Up to that point Antoin had seven thousand plus photographs. Only two thousand were salvaged.As the photographs depicted numerous figures associated with the former Qajar regime and showed "conditions far removed from his own notions of a modern westernized nation", Reza Shah Pahlavi (reigned from 1925–1941) confiscated the remaining images. Legacy
After his death from a kidney infection Sevruguin's images resurfaced. He was survived by seven children from his marriage to Louise Gourgenian. His daughter Mary reclaimed a portion of the photos, perhaps through a friendship with Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi (reigned 1941–1979). 696 of his negatives survive today. Gallery

References

Sources
 L.A. Ferydoun Barjesteh van Waalwijk van Doorn, Gillian M.Vogelsang-Eastwood (eds. ), Sevruguin's Iran / Iran az negah Sevruguin, Late nineteenth century photographs of Iran from the National Museum of Ethnology in Leiden, Netherlands, Teheran/Rotterdam 1378/1999.Bohrer, Frederick N., ED. <mask> and the Persian Image. London: University of Washington Press, 1999. Iraj Afshar, ‘Some remarks on the early history of photography in Iran’ in Qajar Iran; political, social and cultural change, 1800-1925, E.Bosworth, C. Hillenbrand (eds. ), Edinburgh 1983, pp. 262–2. Iraj Afshar, Ganjine-ye aks-haye Iran.hamrah-e tarikhche-ye vorud-e akkasi be Iran, A treasury of early Iranian Photographs together with a concise account of how photography was first introduced in Iran, Teheran 1371/1992. Exhibition of <mask> <mask>'s Photographs (Archived 2009-10-25) at geocities.com
 Myron Bement Smith Collection, Subseries 2.12: <mask> Sevruguin Photographs
 Stephen Arpee Collection of Sevruguin Photographs

Further reading

External links

 <mask>'s Images of the Orient: Cultural Migrants Between Armenia and Persia
 Antoin Sevruguin Photographs, Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
Antoin Sevruguin photographs of Persia, 1880s-1890s, Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles. Accession No. 2017.R.25. The 97 photographs in this collection are representative of <mask> <mask>'s all-encompassing documentation of Persia, and comprise a mixture of studio portraits, outdoor vernacular scenes and landscapes. 1851 births
1933 deaths
Iranian photographers
Iranian people of Georgian descent
Iranian people of Russian descent
Persian Armenians
People from Tehran
People of Qajar Iran
Burials at Doulab Cemetery

masks:
Antoin Sevruguin
Antoin Sevruguin
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