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<mask> (23 January 1752 – 10 March 1832) was an Italian-born English composer, virtuoso pianist, pedagogue, conductor, music publisher, editor, and piano manufacturer, who was mostly active in England. Encouraged to study music by his father, he was sponsored as a young composer by Sir Peter Beckford who took him to England to advance his studies. Later, he toured Europe numerous times from his long-standing base in London. It was on one of these occasions, in 1781, that he engaged in a piano competition with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Influenced by Domenico Scarlatti's harpsichord school and Haydn's classical school and by the  stile Galante of Johann Christian Bach and Ignazio Cirri, Clementi developed a fluent and technical legato style, which he passed on to a generation of pianists, including John Field, Johann Baptist Cramer, Ignaz Moscheles, Giacomo Meyerbeer, Friedrich Kalkbrenner, Johann Nepomuk Hummel and Carl Czerny. He was a notable influence on Ludwig van Beethoven and Frédéric Chopin. Clementi also produced and promoted his own brand of pianos and was a notable music publisher.Because of this activity, many compositions by Clementi's contemporaries and earlier artists have stayed in the repertoire. Though the reputation of Clementi was exceeded only by Haydn, Beethoven and Rossini in his day, his popularity languished for much of the 19th and 20th centuries. Life

Childhood life
<mask> Filippo Vincenzo Francesco Saverio <mask> (baptized Mutius Philippus Vincentius Franciscus Xaverius) was born in Rome, Italy, on 23 January 1752, and baptized the following day at San Lorenzo in Damaso. He was the eldest of the seven children of Nicolò <mask> (1720–1789), a silversmith, and Madalena,  Caisar (Magdalena Kaiser), who was Swiss. Nicolò soon recognised <mask>'s musical talent and arranged for private musical instruction with a relative, Antonio Baroni, the maestro di cappella at St. Peter's Basilica. Education
At the age of seven, Clementi began studies in figured bass with the organist Cordicelli, followed by voice lessons from Giuseppe Santarelli. A few years later, probably when he was 11 or 12, he was given counterpoint lessons by .By the age of 13 Clementi had already composed an oratorio, Martirio de' gloriosi Santi Giuliano e Celso, and a mass. When he was 14, in January 1766, he became organist of the parish church of San Lorenzo in Dámaso. Move to England
In 1766 Sir Peter Beckford (1740–1811), a wealthy Englishman, nephew of William Beckford (twice Lord Mayor of London, and father of the novelist William Thomas Beckford), visited Rome. He was impressed by the young Clementi's musical talent and negotiated with his father to take him to his estate, Stepleton House, north of Blandford Forum in Dorset, England. Beckford agreed to provide quarterly payments to sponsor the boy's musical education until he reached the age of 21. In return, he was expected to provide musical entertainment. For the next seven years, Clementi lived, performed, and studied at the estate in Dorset.During this period, it appears, Clementi spent eight hours a day at the harpsichord, practising the works of Johann Sebastian Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, George Frideric Handel, Domenico Scarlatti, Alessandro Scarlatti and Bernardo Pasquini. His only compositions dated to this period are the Sonatas WO 13 and 14 and the Sei Sonate per clavicembalo o pianoforte, Op. 1. In 1770 Clementi made his first public performance as an organist. The audience was reported to be impressed with his playing, thus beginning one of the outstandingly successful concert pianist careers of the period. In 1774 Clementi was freed from his obligations to Peter Beckford. During the winter of 1774–1775 he moved to London, making his first appearance as a harpsichordist in a benefit concert on 3 April 1775.He made several public appearances in London as a solo harpsichordist at benefit concerts for two local musicians, a singer and a harpist, and served as conductor (from the keyboard) at the King's Theatre (Her Majesty's Theatre), Haymarket, for at least part of this time. Mozart
Clementi started a three-year European tour in 1780, traveling to Paris, France, where he performed for Queen Marie Antoinette; Munich, Germany; and Salzburg, Austria. In Vienna, he agreed to enter a musical contest with Mozart for the entertainment of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II and his guests on 24 December 1781, at the Viennese court. The composers were called upon to improvise and to perform selections from their own compositions. The Emperor diplomatically declared a tie. On 12 January 1782, Mozart reported to his father: "Clementi plays well, as far as execution with the right-hand goes. His greatest strength lies in his passages in 3rds.Apart from that, he has not a kreuzer's worth of taste or feeling – in short, he is a mere mechanic." In a subsequent letter, he wrote: "Clementi is a charlatan, like all Italians. He marks a piece presto but plays only allegro." Clementi's impressions of Mozart, by contrast, were enthusiastic. Much later, the pianist Ludwig Berger recalled him saying of Mozart: "Until then I had never heard anyone play with such spirit and grace. I was particularly overwhelmed by an adagio and by several of his extempore variations for which the Emperor had chosen the theme, and which we were to devise alternately." Despite later attempts to portray the two as rivals, there is no evidence that their meeting was not cordial.At the time, Clementi was exploring a more virtuosic and flamboyant style, and this might explain Mozart's disparaging attitude. One of the pieces he performed was his Op. 11 toccata, a display piece full of parallel thirds. It would appear that Mozart's opinion might later have changed somewhat. As noted by Hermann Abert in his 1920 biography W. A. Mozart, the set of variations K.500 of 1786 "includes a handful of novel pianistic effects that are foreign to Mozart's earlier style and that clearly reflect the influence of Clementi". Mozart used the opening motif of Clementi's B-flat major sonata (Op. 24, No.2) in his overture for The Magic Flute. It was not unusual for composers to borrow from one another, and this might be considered a compliment. Though Clementi noted in subsequent publications of his sonata that it had been written ten years before Mozart's opera—presumably to make clear who was borrowing from whom—Clementi retained an admiration for Mozart, as reflected in the large number of transcriptions he made of Mozart's music, among which is a piano solo version of the Magic Flute overture. Teaching
From 1783, and for the next twenty years, Clementi stayed in England, playing the piano, conducting, and teaching. Several of his students include: Johann Baptist Cramer, Thomas Paul Chipp, Ignaz Moscheles, Therese Jansen Bartolozzi, Ludwig Berger (who went on to teach Felix Mendelssohn), and John Field (who, in his turn, would become a major influence on Frédéric Chopin). Publishing and piano manufacturing

In 1798, Clementi took over the firm Longman and Broderip at 26 Cheapside (then the most prestigious shopping street in London), initially with James Longman, who left in 1801. Clementi also had offices at 195 Tottenham Court Road from 1806.The publication line, "Clementi & Co, & Clementi, Cheapside" appears on a lithograph, "Music" by W Sharp after J Wood, circa 1830s. Clementi also began manufacturing pianos, but on 20 March 1807, a fire destroyed the firm's warehouses in Rotten Road, resulting in a loss of about £40,000. That same year, Clementi made an agreement with Ludwig van Beethoven (one of his greatest admirers), which gave him full publishing rights to all of Beethoven's music in England. He edited and interpreted Beethoven's music but has received criticism for editorial work such as making harmonic "corrections" to some of Beethoven's scores. In 1810, Clementi stopped performing in order to devote his time to composition and to piano making. On 24 January 1813, together with a group of prominent professional musicians in England, he founded the "Philharmonic Society of London", which became the Royal Philharmonic Society in 1912. In 1813 Clementi was appointed a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.Meanwhile, his piano business had flourished, affording him an increasingly elegant lifestyle. As an inventor and skilled mechanic, he made important improvements in the construction of the piano, some of which have become standard. Final years

At the end of 1816, Clementi made another trip to the continent to introduce his new works, particularly at the Concerts Spirituels in Paris. He returned to London in June 1818, after stopping off in Frankfurt. In 1821 he once again returned to Paris, conducting his symphonies in Munich and Leipzig. In London, in 1824 his

masks: Muzio Filippo Vincenzo Francesco Saverio Clementi


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 symphonies were featured in five of the six programs at the 'Concerts of Ancient and Modern Music' at the King's Theatre. In 1826 Clementi completed his collection of keyboard studies, Gradus ad Parnassum, and set off for Paris with the intention of publishing the third volume of the work simultaneously in Paris, London, and Leipzig.After staying in Baden and most likely making another visit to Italy, he returned to London in the autumn of 1827. On 17 December 1827, a large banquet was organised by Johann Baptist Cramer and Ignaz Moscheles in his honour at the Hotel Albion. Moscheles, in his diary, says that on that occasion Clementi improvised at the piano on a theme by George Frideric Handel. In 1828 he made his last public appearance at the opening concert of the Philharmonic Society. In 1830 he retired from the Society. Clementi moved with his wife Emma ( née  Gisborne) and his family to the outskirts of  Lichfield, Staffordshire and rented 'Lincroft House' on the Earl of Lichfield`s Estate from Lady Day 1828 until late 1831. He then moved to Evesham where he died on 10 March 1832, after a short illness, aged eighty.On 29 March 1832, he was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey. Accompanying his body were three of his students: Johann Baptist Cramer, John Field and Ignaz Moscheles. He had five children, a son Carl by his wife Caroline (née  Lehmann) who died soon after his birth and the others, Vincent, Caecilia, Caroline, and John Muzio with his wife Emma. Among his descendants are the British colonial administrators Sir <mask> Smith and Sir <mask>, Air Vice Marshal Cresswell <mask> of the RAF, Sir <mask> who was a deputy-governor of the Bank of England, and <mask> (1927-1997), a pianist and piano teacher who became Professor of the Piano at the Royal Northern College of Music. Amongst his descendants in Italy was Rodolfo Graziani, Marshal of Italy and Viceroy of Ethiopia during the Fascist period, who was related to the composer via his mother, Adelia <mask>. Music

Piano works
As a composer of classical piano sonatas, Clementi was among the first to create keyboard works expressly for the capabilities of the piano. He has been called "Father of the Piano".Of Clementi's playing in his youth, Moscheles wrote that it was "marked by a most beautiful legato, a supple touch in lively passages, and a most unfailing technique." Domenico Scarlatti may be said to have closed the old and Clementi to have founded the newer school of technique on the piano. Clementi composed almost 110 piano sonatas. Some of the earlier and easier ones were later classified as sonatinas after the success of his Sonatinas Op. 36. Erik Satie, a contemporary of Debussy, would later parody these sonatinas (specifically the Sonatina Op. 36, No.1) in his Sonatine bureaucratique. However, most of Clementi's sonatas are more difficult to play than those of Mozart, who wrote in a letter to his sister that he would prefer her not to play Clementi's sonatas due to their jumped runs, and wide stretches and chords, which he thought might ruin the natural lightness of her hand. Symphonic works
Clementi's symphonies are less well known. Though many of his manuscripts have been lost, autograph portions of his unpublished symphonies, which include everything from sketches to complete movements, are in the Library of Congress and the British Library. From these autographs, scholars have been able to reconstruct four symphonies. Clementi also published two symphonies as Op. 18 in 1787, the first in B-flat major and the second in D major.Clementi successfully performed his symphonies in London and other cities in Europe, predominantly from 1813 to 1828. Based on performance reports, scholars estimate that he composed approximately twenty symphonies in total during his life. Clementi used the theme to "God Save the King" in his Symphony No. 3 in G major often called the "Great National Symphony", cataloged as WoO. 34. In 2002, for the 250th anniversary of his birth, scholars published new research about Clementi's life and works. Ut Orpheus is publishing the 61-volume set of Clementi's complete works, which will include new editions of his symphonies

Influence
Clementi's influence extended well into the 19th century, with composers using his sonatas as models for their keyboard compositions.Ludwig van Beethoven, in particular, had the highest regard for Clementi. Beethoven often played Clementi sonatas and often a volume of them was on his music stand. Beethoven recommended these works to many people including his nephew Karl. A description of Beethoven's regard for Clementi's music can be found in the testimony of his assistant, Anton Schindler, who wrote "He (Beethoven) had the greatest admiration for these sonatas, considering them the most beautiful, the most pianistic of works, both for their lovely, pleasing, original melodies and for the consistent, easily followed form of each movement. The musical education of his beloved nephew was confined for many years almost exclusively to the playing of Clementi sonatas" (Beethoven as I Knew Him, ed. Donald M. McArdle, trans. Constance Jolly, Chapel Hill, and London, 1966).Schindler continues with reference to Beethoven's fondness for Clementi's piano sonatas: "For these, he had the greatest preference and placed them in the front rank of pieces appropriate to the development of fine piano playing, as much for their lovely, pleasing, fresh melodies as for the well-knit, fluent forms of all the movements." Moscheles' edition of Schindler's biography quotes the latter as follows: "Among all the masters who have written for piano, Beethoven assigned to Clementi the very foremost rank. He considered his works excellent as studies for practise, for the formation of a pure taste, and as truly beautiful subjects for performance. Beethoven used to say: 'They who thoroughly study Clementi, at the same time make themselves acquainted with Mozart and other composers; but the converse is not the fact.' "

Carl Czerny also had the highest regard for Clementi's piano sonatas and used them successfully in his teaching of Franz Liszt. Czerny referred to Clementi as "the foremost pianist of his time." Frédéric Chopin would often require his pupils to practice Clementi's preludes and exercises because of the exceptional virtues he attributed to them.Vladimir Horowitz developed a special fondness for Clementi's work after his wife, Wanda Toscanini, bought him Clementi's complete works. He recorded five of Clementi's Sonatas along with shorter pieces. By a ministerial decree dated 20 March 2008, the Opera Omnia of <mask> Clementi was promoted to the status of Italian National Edition. The steering committee of the National Edition consisting of the scholars Andrea Coen (Rome), Roberto De Caro (Bologna), Roberto Illiano (Lucca — President), Leon Plantinga (New Haven, Connecticut), David Rowland (Milton Keynes, UK), Luca Lévi Sala (Paris/Poitiers, Secretary, and Treasurer), Massimiliano Sala (Pistoia, Vice-President), Rohan H. Stewart-MacDonald (Cambridge, UK) and Valeria Tarsetti (Bologna). Notes

References

Further reading
 R. Illiano, L. L. Sala, M. Sala (eds. ):<mask> Clementi. Studies and Prospects (Bologna 2002)

 L. L. Sala, <mask> <mask>, Concerto per cembalo e orchestra / Concerto for Piano and Orchestra Op-sn 30, Critical Edition, Bologna, Ut Orpheus Edizioni (Opera Omnia, Italian National Edition, vol.II.5—CCE 2), 2012, pp. xxxix, 65.  .
 L. L. Sala and Rohan H. Steward-MacDonald, <mask> <mask>, Sonatas for Harpsichord or Piano Opp. 7–10, Critical Edition, Bologna, Ut Orpheus, (Opera Omnia, Italian National Edition, Vol: VIII.2-CCE 3), 2018, , . L. L. Sala and Rohan H. Steward-MacDonald (eds. ), <mask> <mask> and British Musical Culture. Sources, Performance Practice, Style, New York, Routledge, 2019,  (hbk)  (ebk). M. Sala, R. Bösel (eds.): <mask> Clementi Cosmopolita della Musica (Bologna 2004)

External links

www.MuzioClementi.com (English)
Muzio Clementi Society website

Free scores at the Mutopia Project
  Complete contents of Clementi's "Gradus ad Parnassum" with comparisons to similar studies by Domenico Scarlatti and Robert Schumann's list of valuable studies]

Italian emigrants to the Kingdom of Great Britain
Classical-period composers
Italian male classical composers
Italian classical pianists
Male classical pianists
Italian male pianists
Burials at Westminster Abbey
1752 births
1832 deaths
Musicians from Rome
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
Composers for piano
18th-century Italian composers
18th-century Italian male musicians
19th-century classical composers
British classical composers
British male classical composers
18th-century keyboardists
19th-century Italian composers
Piano makers
19th-century British composers
19th-century Italian male

masks:
Cecil Clementi
Cecil Clementi
Clementi
David Clementi
Marjorie Clementi
Clementi
Muzio
Muzio
Muzio
Clementi
Muzio
Clementi
Muzio
Clementi
Muzio


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<mask> (born 29 December 1982) is a Scottish professional golfer, playing on the PGA Tour. He has won four PGA Tour events in his career, most recently the Shriners Hospitals for Children Open in 2020. Until Russell Knox earned his card via the 2011 Nationwide Tour, Laird was the only Scottish player on the PGA Tour. Early golf career
Laird was born in Glasgow, Scotland, and played his Junior golf at Kirkintilloch Golf Club and then moving to play his youth golf at Hilton Park Golf Club. He learned to play golf left-handed but eventually switched to playing right-handed. College career
In 2000, at the age of 17 and with the assistance of College Prospects of America, Laird moved to the United States to take up a golf scholarship at Colorado State University under head coach Jamie Bermel. He played for the Colorado State Rams in the Mountain West Conference which had been established in 1999.Playing for four years from 2000–01 to 2003–04 he won four individual titles in college events. His wins were in the Mountain West Conference Men's Golf Championship (1 May 2002), El Diablo Intercollegiate (16 March 2003), Ping Golf Cougar Classic (26 April 2003) and Border Olympics (2 April 2004). In his last 3 years he was selected as one of the All Mountain West Conference Selections. He graduated with a degree in marketing in 2004. In 2009 he was selected as a member of the "Mountain West Men's Golf 10th Anniversary Team". Professional career
Turning professional after college, he won his second professional tournament, the 2004 Denver Open, winning $12,000. In 2004 he played in a single Nationwide Tour event, the Envirocare Utah Classic, but did not make the cut.At the end of 2004 he qualified for the final stage of the PGA Tour's Qualifying School. He finished at 1 over par for a tie for 96th place, 18 shots behind the winner, fellow Brit, Brian Davis. This gave Laird conditional status for the 2005 Nationwide tour. In 2005 he concentrated full-time on the Nationwide Tour. He had only limited success with a best position of tied 18th in 19 events and earnings of $18,488 placed him 156th in the Nationwide Tour's money list. During 2006 Laird won the San Juan Open and a tournament on the Gateway Tour, a third tier tour, at The Wigwam Golf Resort and Spa in Arizona. He did not play on the Nationwide Tour but, as in 2004, he qualified for the final stage of the PGA Tour Qualifying School.His 2 under par total left him tied for 64th place, giving him full status on the Nationwide Tour for 2007. 2007: Nationwide Tour success
In 2007 he again played on the Nationwide Tour, playing a total of 27 events. He won the Athens Regional Foundation Classic in April, earning him $90,000 and then finished tied 3rd in the season-ending Nationwide Tour Championship. His $252,679 earnings placed him 13th place on the Nationwide Tour's money list, to earn his PGA Tour card for 2008. He qualified for the 2007 U.S. Open, his first major, but scored 76 and 79 and didn't make the cut. He ended the year at 251 in the Official World Golf Rankings. 2008: Rookie season on PGA Tour
In his first season on the PGA Tour, Laird struggled in the first half of the year making the cut only 6 times in 14 events and with a best position of 55th.He showed an improvement in form in July but his main success came in August. He had tied 4th in the Legends Reno-Tahoe Open and then tied 4th again in the Wyndham Championship. These results took him to 128th in the FedEx Cup standings and entry into The Barclays, the first of the FedEx Cup Playoff events. He tied for 7th in this event. The three successive tournaments had earned him $546,225. His good performance in The Barclays raised him to 67 in the FedEx Cup standings giving him entries into the Deutsche Bank Championship and the BMW Championship. He eventually finished at 67 in the FedEx Cup standings and he took $110,000 of the Bonus Pool.Before the final event of the season, the Children's Miracle Network Classic, he was 126th in the PGA Tour's money list behind Shane Bertsch. Only the top 125 would retain their cards for the 2009 season. Bertsch failed to make the cut and with Laird finishing the tournament tied for 21st, the $49,680 he won gave him 125th place on the PGA Tour's money list $11,504 ahead of Bertsch, who dropped to 126th. Had he missed an 8-foot par putt at the final hole, his earnings would have dropped by some $15,000. Laird's season earnings were $852,752. He ended the year ranked 268 in the World Rankings. 2009: Breakthrough year
As in 2008 Laird had a poor start to the year.Before the Legends Reno-Tahoe Open in August, he had made the cut just 7 times in 19 PGA Tour events and had had a run of 7 successive missed cuts. On 26 May, Laird secured a place at the 2009 Open Championship after making it through the American qualifier in Texas. He shot rounds of 67 and 65 to share the third spot. In the tournament itself, he scored 74 and 72 to miss the cut by two strokes. The previous week he had finished 10th in the Scottish Open, his first professional tournament in his native Scotland. On 8 June, Laird made it through qualification for the U.S. Open, set for the Black Course at Bethpage State Park. He gained one of the 13 spots available with rounds of 67 and 70, to make it in by one shot.In the tournament itself, he scored 74 and 71 to miss the cut by one stroke. In August, Laird finished tied for second in the Legends Reno-Tahoe Open, an alternate event played at the same time as the 2009 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational. He won $264,000 and raised his Official World Golf Ranking from 303 to 236. Later in 2009, Laird won the Justin Timberlake Shriners Hospitals for Children Open in a three-man playoff for his first PGA Tour win, securing his Tour card for 2010 and 2011. He took the first prize of $756,000 and jumped from 134th to 62nd on the money list. By winning that tournament he became the first Scot to win a PGA Tour event in America since Sandy Lyle won the 1988 Masters Tournament, and the first Scotsman to win any PGA Tour event since Paul Lawrie's 1999 Open Championship triumph. Laird became the highest ranked Scot in the Official World Golf Rankings, his ranking rising from 237 to 108.The victory also gave him qualification for his first WGC event, the 2009 WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, where he finished tied for 54th place. 2010
Laird played most of his golf on the PGA Tour in 2010. He tied for 4th in season-opening Hyundai Tournament of Champions and tied 10th in the Crowne Plaza Invitational at Colonial. Laird finished 95th in the regular season FedEx Cup standings. He played well in The Barclays tournament, the first FedEx Cup playoff event, at the Ridgewood Country Club in late August. After 3 rounds of 69, 67 and 65 he held a 3 shot lead. After birdies at the first two holes he then went 7,5 to drop 3 shots at the next two holes.A birdie at the 17th, where he holed from 7 feet, gave him a one-stroke lead over Matt Kuchar and meant he needed to par the 18th to win. He hit the green in 2 but then 3 putted from 30 feet, this time missing a 7-foot putt which would have won the tournament outright, and fell into a tie with Kuchar. Kuchar birdied the first playoff hole, the 18th, following a spectacular recovery shot from the left rough, which finished two feet from the pin; Laird, in the right rough from the tee, hit the green, but had a long birdie putt which he missed. The second-place finish earned Laird $810,000, left him 3rd in the revised FedEx Cup standings, and boosted his world ranking from 120 to a new personal high of 61. This performance earned him entry into the remaining FedEx Cup events. He eventually finished 11th in the final FedEx Cup standings and took $300,000 in Bonus Money, despite finishing last in The Tour Championship. Laird had a rare European outing when he finished tied for 5th in the Alfred Dunhill Links Championship in October and then two weeks later returned to Las Vegas to defend the Justin Timberlake Shriners Hospitals for Children Open title that he won in 2009.Laird missed a 25-foot putt on the 72nd hole. A three-man playoff then ensued with Laird being joined by Cameron Percy and Jonathan Byrd. <mask> had more chances to win but missed putts of varying lengths at the first three sudden-death playoff holes. This was to prove costly as on the 4th playoff hole, Byrd, who had the honour, made the first ever hole in one in a playoff in PGA Tour history to win the title. The tie for 2nd place lifted Laird to a career high world ranking of 55. The following week, he tied for 3rd place in the CIMB Asia Pacific Classic Malaysia, two shots behind winner Ben Crane, lifting him into the world top 50 with a new ranking to 49. Despite his win in 2009, Laird did not gain automatic qualification for the first three majors of 2010, as the win was not at a regular season or full-field event, nor was he high enough in the OWGR.He qualified for the Open Championship at the Old Course at St Andrews with rounds of 69 and 63 at Gleneagles Golf & Country Club in Texas, but had rounds of 74 and 83 to miss the cut by 11 shots. He did get automatic qualification for the PGA Championship (winners of PGA Tour events get automatic entry into the PGA Championship regardless of status) and, with rounds of 70 and 74, made his first cut in a major championship. Further rounds of 72 and 73 left him tied for 48th place. 2011: Arnold Palmer Invitational title
Laird's good form in the latter part of 2010 continued in early 2011. In February, he tied for 3rd in the Waste Management Phoenix Open, lifting his world ranking to 41. In March, he tied for 10th in the WGC-Cadillac Championship and tied for 5th in the Transitions Championship, his ranking rising to 40. On 27 March 2011, Laird claimed the biggest title of his career at the Arnold Palmer Invitational taking the first prize of $1,080,000.After three rounds of 70, 65 and 70 Laird had a two shot lead over Spencer Levin with Steve Marino and Bubba Watson a further two strokes behind. Laird dropped three shots on the front nine and then had a double-bogey at the 11th. At this stage Levin was also five over par for his round but Marino was two under par, resulting in a seven shot swing and leaving Laird three shots behind Marino. Laird scored three birdies and a bogey in the next five holes, while Marino scored a bogey and then a double-bogey at the par three 17th hole, leaving Laird now with a two shot lead. However Marino birdied the 18th, after holing an eight-foot putt, leaving Laird needing to par the last hole to win. His second shot was on the green but eighty three feet away. He two-putted for the victory.This ensured that he became first ever European winner of the Arnold Palmer Invitational. After the tournament his world ranking rose to 21. By qualifying for the 2010 Tour Championship, Laird also qualified for his first Masters. Rounds of 74, 69, 69 and 73 left him tied 20th, his best finish in a major. However he failed to make the cut in the other three majors. Following his victory in the Arnold Palmer Invitational he had other good results, finishing tied for 9th in the Valero Texas Open, tied for 10th in the Crowne Plaza Invitational at Colonial and tied for 11th in the WGC-Bridgestone Invitational. He finished 17th in the "regular season" FedEx Cup standings.Despite finishing tied for 12th in the BMW Championship he finished 31st in the FedEx Cup standings and did not qualify for The Tour Championship. Laird and Stephen Gallacher, representing Scotland, tied for 4th in the World Cup. By the end of 2011, Laird's world ranking had dropped to 47. 2012
Laird started 2012 with second place in the season opening Hyundai Tournament of Champions, a result which lifted his world ranking to 33. Then in May 2012, Laird finished as runner up again at The Players Championship, two strokes behind winner Matt Kuchar. He had briefly led during the second round before finishing four over on the notoriously difficult 16–18 stretch. He then tied for the lead in the final round before a bogey on 18 put paid to his chances of victory.2013
On 7 April 2013, Laird won his third career PGA Tour event, the Valero Texas Open, by two strokes from Rory McIlroy. Starting the final round five shots behind overnight leader Billy Horschel, Laird fired a nine-under-par 63, including birdies at his last three holes, to take the title. The win meant that Laird was the last person to gain entry into the 2013 Masters Tournament, ending the streak of 16 consecutive American wins on the PGA Tour, 14 of them in the 2013 season. 2020
In October 2020, Laird won the Shriners Hospitals for Children Open in Las Vegas, Nevada for the second time. He won in a playoff over Matthew Wolff and Austin Cook with a birdie on the second playoff hole. Game
Laird is a long hitter, ranking in the top 20 on the PGA Tour average driving distance statistic in 2009, 2010 and 2011. He is currently coached by Mark McCann, having previously been coached by Randy Smith.Personal life
Laird's cousin David Weatherston was a Scottish professional football player. Laird married Meagan Franks on 31 July 2011. She is from Steamboat Springs, Colorado, and is the daughter of golf professional Hank Franks. Amateur wins
2003 Scottish Youths Championship

Professional wins (6)

PGA Tour wins (4)

PGA Tour playoff record (2–2)

Nationwide Tour wins (1)

Other wins (1)
2006 San Juan Open

Results in major championships
Results not in chronological order in 2020. CUT = missed the halfway cut
"T" = tied
NT = No tournament due to COVID-19 pandemic

Summary

Most consecutive cuts made – 2 (three times)
Longest streak of top-10s – 0

Results in The Players Championship

CUT = missed the halfway cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place
C = Cancelled after the first round due to the COVID-19 pandemic

Results in World Golf Championships
Results not in chronological order before 2015. 1Cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic

NT = No tournament
QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in which player lost in match play
"T" = tied

Career earnings by year
Official earnings on the PGA Tour. Although Laird plays most of his golf on the PGA Tour, he has earned money in some tournaments which have not qualified for official PGA Tour earnings:
2009: Barclays Scottish Open (€69,521), WGC-HSBC Champions ($36,500)
2010: Barclays Scottish Open (€32,667), Alfred Dunhill Links Championship (€124,594), CIMB Asia Pacific Classic Malaysia ($403,000)
2011: Barclays Scottish Open (€8,089)
2012: Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open (€38,388)
2013: Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open (€124,386)
2014: Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open (€21,820)

Team appearances
Professional
World Cup (representing Scotland): 2011, 2013, 2018

See also
2007 Nationwide Tour graduates

References

External links

Scottish male golfers
Colorado State Rams men's golfers
PGA Tour golfers
Korn Ferry Tour graduates
Golfers from Scottsdale, Arizona
Golfers from Glasgow
1982 births
Living people

masks:
Martin Laird
Martin


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<mask> (born 20 April 1945) is an Irish former Fine Gael politician who served as Minister for Transport, Energy and Communication from 1996 to 1997, Leader of the Opposition and Leader of Fine Gael from 1987 to 1990, Minister for Justice from 1986 to 1987, Minister for Finance from 1982 to 1986 and Minister for Agriculture from 1981 to 1982. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1981 to 2002. He held several major government positions, and is one of the few TDs to be appointed a Minister on their first day in the Dáil. He lost his seat in the 2002 general election. He was subsequently appointed Director General of the Institute of International and European Affairs, and chairman of Anglo Irish Bank. Early life
<mask> was born in Drimnagh, Dublin in 1945. His father, James F<mask>, was originally from Tralee, County Kerry, and was a senior civil servant, the founding chairman and chief executive of the Higher Education Authority, while his mother was from near Ballina, County Mayo.The <mask> family originally came from the north of England. His grandfather had served with the Royal Engineers in World War I, and settled in Cork and then Kerry afterwards where he worked with the Post Office creating Ireland's telephone network. He also developed a keen interest in the Irish language. He was educated by the Christian Brothers at Coláiste Mhuire, Parnell Square, Dublin, and was offered a number of scholarships for third level on graduation, including one for the Irish language. His interest in the Irish language continues to this day, and he regularly appears on Irish language television programmes. On leaving school he attended University College Dublin, where he captained the fencing team to its first ever Intervarsity title. Career before politics
He became an economist with the Irish Farmers' Association (IFA) in Dublin in 1969.After Ireland joined the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1973, he moved to Brussels where he was part of the IFA delegation. In this role he was influential in framing Ireland's contribution to the Common Agricultural Policy. He moved on from this IFA position to become chief of staff to Ireland's EEC commissioner Dick Burke, a former Fine Gael politician. Early political career
In the 1979 European Parliament elections, <mask> stood as a Fine Gael candidate in the Munster constituency. He had strong support among the farming community, but the entry of farming leader T. J. Maher as an independent candidate hurt his chances of election. Maher subsequently topped the poll. He stood again for Fine Gael at the 1981 general election in the expanded Kildare constituency, where he won a seat in the 22nd Dáil.On his first day in the Dáil, he was appointed Minister for Agriculture by the Taoiseach, Garret FitzGerald, becoming one of only nine TDs (as of 2021) so appointed. He was to represent Kildare for 21 years. This minority Fine Gael–Labour Party coalition government collapsed in February 1982 over controversial budget reforms, but returned to power with a working majority in December 1982. <mask> was again called into the cabinet becoming Minister for Finance less than two years into his Dáil career. He faced a difficult task as Finance Minister at this time. Ireland was heavily in debt while unemployment and emigration were high. Many of Fine Gael's ambitious plans had to be deferred while the Fine Gael–Labour Party coalition disagreed on how to solve the economic crisis.The challenge of addressing the national finances was made difficult by electoral arithmetic and a lack of support from the opposition Fianna Fáil party led by Charles Haughey. <mask> remained in the Department of Finance until a reshuffle in February 1986 when he was appointed the Minister for Justice. Leadership of Fine Gael

Fine Gael failed to be returned to government at the 1987 general election and lost 19 of its 70 seats, mostly to the new Progressive Democrats party. Outgoing Taoiseach and leader Garret FitzGerald stepped down and <mask> was elected leader of Fine Gael. He also became Leader of the Opposition. This was a difficult time for the country. Haughey's Fianna Fáil had fought the election on promises to increase spending and government services, and by attacking the cutbacks favoured by Fine Gael.The campaign produced the famous Fianna Fáil slogan that cuts in health spending affect the "old, the sick and the handicapped". However, on taking office, the new Taoiseach and his Finance Minister Ray MacSharry immediately drew up a drastic set of cutbacks including a spate of ward and hospital closures. This presented a political opportunity for the opposition to attack the government. However, while addressing a meeting of the Tallaght Chamber of Commerce, <mask> announced that:

This bold step became known as the Tallaght Strategy, and represented a major departure in Irish politics whereby Fine Gael would vote with the minority Fianna Fáil Government if it adopted Fine Gael's economic policies for revitalising the economy. The consequences of this statement were huge. The Haughey government was able to take severe corrective steps to restructure the economy and lay the foundations for the economic boom of the nineties. However, at a snap election in 1989 <mask> did not receive electoral credit for his statesmanlike approach, and the party only made minor gains, reclaiming five of the lost seats.The outcome was the first ever coalition government for Fianna Fáil, whose junior partner was the Progressive Democrats led by former Fianna Fáil TD Desmond O'Malley. 1990 presidential election and loss of the leadership
<mask> received little credit for the Tallaght Strategy, and the party's failure to make significant gains in 1989 left some Fine Gael TDs with a desire for a change at the top of the party. Their opportunity came in the wake of the historic 1990 presidential election. Fine Gael chose Austin Currie TD as their candidate. He had been a leading member of the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association movement in the 1960s, and had been a member of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) before moving south. Initially, Fianna Fáil's Brian Lenihan Snr was favourite to win. However, after several controversies arose, relating to the brief Fianna Fáil administration of 1982, and Lenihan's dismissal as Minister for Defence midway through the campaign, the Labour Party's Mary Robinson emerged victorious.To many in Fine Gael, the humiliation of finishing third was too much to bear and a campaign was launched against <mask>' leadership. He was subsequently replaced as party leader by John Bruton. Rainbow Coalition
Bruton brought him back to the front bench in September 1992, shortly before the general election in November. In February 1994, <mask> became involved in a failed attempt to oust Bruton as leader, and subsequently resigned from the front bench. Bruton became Taoiseach in December 1994, but <mask> failed to secure a ministerial position despite being one of the most high-profile and experienced members of Fine Gael. Two years later, in December 1996, <mask> returned as Minister for Transport, Energy and Communications following the resignation of Michael Lowry. At the 1997 general election, <mask> topped the poll in the new Kildare South constituency, but Fine Gael lost power.He became Chairman of the Irish Council of the European Movement; in this position he was very involved in advising many of the Eastern European countries who were then applying to join the European Union. In 2001, he backed Michael Noonan in his successful bid to become leader of Fine Gael. Career post-politics
After 21 years, <mask> lost his Dáil seat at the 2002 general election. This contest saw many high-profile casualties for Fine Gael, including Deputy Leader Jim Mitchell, former deputy leader Nora Owen and others. Many local commentators felt that <mask>' loss was down to a lack of attention to local issues, for he was highly involved in European projects and had always enjoyed a national profile. He retired from frontline politics that year, and was subsequently appointed Director General of the Institute of International and European Affairs. He remained active within Fine Gael, and served a number of terms as the party's vice-president.From 2001 to 2011, <mask> was President of the Alliance Francaise de Dublin, and in June 2004, the French Government appointed him Officier de la Legion d'Honneur. In April 2004, <mask> was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland. In December 2008, he was appointed by Finance Minister Brian Lenihan Jnr as a public interest director on the board of Anglo Irish Bank. The bank was subsequently nationalised, and he served on the board until the IBRC was liquidated in 2013. In January 2009, <mask> was a judge on the TG4 reality TV show Feirm Factor. From 2011 to 2013, <mask> served as chairman of the Board of Irish Guide Dogs for the Blind. In 2011, <mask> founded the think tank Asia Matters, which inked an agreement with the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries in May 2019.<mask> receives annual pension payments of €129,805. Personal life
<mask> has lived in Kildare town since first being elected to represent the Kildare constituency in 1981. His wife Fionnuala is a former local politician and served as a member of Kildare County Council from 1999 until her retirement in 2009. She served as the county's mayor in 2006–07, becoming only the second woman to hold the position in the body's hundred-year history. They have two daughters. References

1945 births
Living people
Alumni of University College Dublin
Fine Gael TDs
Institute of European Affairs
Irish people of English descent
Leaders of Fine Gael
Members of the 22nd Dáil
Members of the 23rd Dáil
Members of the 24th Dáil
Members of the 25th Dáil
Members of the 26th Dáil
Members of the 27th Dáil
Members of the 28th Dáil
Ministers for Agriculture (Ireland)
Ministers for Finance (Ireland)
Ministers for Justice (Ireland)
Ministers for Transport (Ireland)
Politicians from County Dublin
Politicians from County Kildare
Presidential appointees to the Council of State (Ireland)

masks:
Alan Dukes
Dukes
. Dukes
Dukes
Dukes
Dukes
Dukes
Dukes
Dukes
Dukes
Dukes
Dukes
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Dukes
Dukes
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Dukes


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<mask> (April 6, 1856 – June 5, 1951) was an American professor of elocution and oratory and the first coach of the University of Michigan golf and debate teams. He was affiliated with the University of Michigan for 67 years from 1884 to 1951, and was a nationally known writer and speaker on oratory and debate. He founded UM's Department of Elocution and Oratory as well as the campus debate program. He became the subject of national media attention in 1903 when the Chicago Tribune ran an article stating that he was offering a new "course in love making." His golf teams won two NCAA National Championships and five Big Ten Conference championships. He was posthumously inducted into the University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor in 1981. Professor of Elocution and Oratory
<mask> was a native of Salem, Indiana.He attended Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana and received an A.M. degree. In 1878, <mask> and Robert I. Fulton established the Fulton and Trueblood School of Oratory in Kansas City, Missouri, which became "one of the largest and best known institutions of its kind in the United States." In 1884, Trueblood came to Ann Arbor as a lecturer on public speaking, intending to give a six-week course. The next year he was invited back. At the time he also was lecturing at Missouri, Kentucky and Ohio Wesleyan, and working out of Fulton and Trueblood School. Michigan asked him to join the faculty, and he stayed for 67 years. In 1892, he founded the Department of Elocution and Oratory and became its first chairman.Michigan's Oratory and Elocution Department was the first such unit in any major university or college in the country. He also established the first credit course in speech at any American university. At the turn of the century, speech and oratory played an important role in American society and academia, so much so that Trueblood was the highest paid professor on the University of Michigan faculty, and students were required to take Trueblood's courses. In addition, Trueblood organized and coached the competitive debate and oratory contests at Michigan. He established the Northern Oratorical League, and later the Central Debating League, for the purpose of conducting competitive debates among Midwestern Universities, including Michigan, the University of Chicago, Northwestern, Oberlin College, Iowa, and Minnesota. In 1903, an Iowa newspaper noted: "It was due to his zeal in organization, his success in persuading students to enter the competitive contests, and his skill in drilling them, that has enabled Michigan to take so high a rank in oratory in these league contests, with seven first honors to her credit in ten years, and nine of the twelve victories in debate." Trueblood also delivered speeches and gave dramatic readings on tours all over the world.One newspaper noted: "As a reader Prof. <mask> is well known throughout the west. His readings are taken from the best literature, with special attention to Shakespearean work. It is his plan to give the principal scenes of the play, narrating the unimportant parts, thus providing an entertainment acceptable to those who do not attend the theater." After a performance of Hamlet in 1908, an Iowa newspaper wrote: "Prof. <mask> is a man of remarkable personality. His cuttings of the play were taken from the most dramatic parts, giving a wide range of understanding of all the characters. Not only were the different parts interpreted with extremely keen judgment of the most real kind, but the speaker introduced each division with a brief description and delineation of the men and women who appeared. Prof. <mask>'s manner of speaking and his diction are acquirements of a very high character and he held the interest of his hearers from beginning to end."<mask> was president of the National Association of Elocutionists when they met in June 1899 for their annual convention at Chautauqua Institute, New York. He brought with him Charles Casper Simons, a law student who coached the debate team for Trueblood. Simons had won first honors in a speech contest with his oration on abolitionist John Brown. Knowing that Southern elocutionists would be in attendance, <mask> asked Simons to deliver his tribute to Brown at the conference. One account of the conference states: "The introduction was delivered without much reaction; but when Simons intoned, 'The South had slain the man, but the spirit which animated him was beyond the reach of earthly power,' the Southerners were distressed. Simons went on to proclaim that John Brown 'taught the South that a new era had begun, that not by persuasion, threat or rant, but by force was slavery to be exterminated.' The Southern members of the association walked out of the amphitheater in angry protest."Michigan's first African-American debate champion
In the early 1900s, Michigan's athletic teams (and those throughout the country) were re-segregated. While George Jewett had played for the Michigan football team in 1890 and 1892, the next African-American to play on the football team was Willis Ward, forty years later in 1932. During this period of athletic segregation, an African-American, Eugene Joseph Marshall, was permitted to compete in Trueblood's debate competitions and won the university debate championship in 1903. The Ann Arbor Argus reported: "For the first time in the history of American universities, a colored man has won his highest honors in oratory in fair and free competition with all comers. The announcement of his victory will be read with pleasure by all who are working for the betterment of the colored race." Trueblood entertained Marshall at his home and presented him with the Chicago Alumni Medal. Marshall subsequently placed second in the Midwest regional collegiate competition.The Jam Handy incident

In May 1903, <mask> became the subject of national media attention as a result of a newspaper article written by a 17-year-old freshman student claiming Trueblood was teaching a new "course in lovemaking." The student, Jam Handy, was a campus correspondent for the Chicago Tribune. In the class, Trueblood taught "the delivery of short extracts from masterpieces of oratory." One such extract involved a scene from a play in which a man kneels in front of a woman pleading for her hand. In his 1893 textbook Practical Elements of Elocution, <mask> used the scene to illustrate the "aspirate explosive" form of speech. After watching Trueblood act out the kneeling scene, Handy wrote an article that was published on the front page of the Chicago Tribune on May 8, 1903, with a headline stating: "Learn Sly Cupid's Tricks; Students at Ann Arbor Take Lessons in Love Making." The article suggested that Trueblood was instructing his male students on romance rather than oratory technique.The next day, the Chicago Record-Herald published a three-panel cartoon of "Professor Foxy Truesport" dreaming up ways to "teach his class how to properly make love." Newspapers across the country picked up the story. The Daily Northwestern wrote: "Professor Trueblood of Michigan University has inaugurated a course in love making, his motive being to stimulate interest in his classes. The oratorical students are compelled to kneel and make fervid declarations to lady students." The Newark Advocates headline read: "Lovemaking Lessons: Novel Course In the University of Michigan; Sly Cupid's Tricks Taught." The Salt Lake Tribune reported:
"Lessons in Lovemaking'''. The University of Michigan has added a new course to the curriculum, one that may best be styled a course in love making.Prof. <mask> is the inventor of the novel scheme, and his course, which has been hitherto shunned as one of the toughest at the university, now seems likely to become the most popular on campus... Early this week he hit upon the successful plan, and now the many visitors who attend his classes are spectators of thrilling love scenes. Fifty times a day Prof. Trueblood is forced to kneel to some maiden and show his pupils the right way to declare their devotion to their sweethearts... Each budding orator takes his place before a blushing maid, and no matter how smoothly the pair may have progressed in private the professor finds some fault with the public demonstration. 'No, kneel on both knees—now hold her hand, it impresses her more-so,' and the old professor again kneels and goes through it all over again." On May 12, the Chicago Tribune ran a photograph of Trueblood with the caption: "Trueblood has nearly worn out his trousers at the knees, showing young men how to kneel, and has strained his voice and eyes in efforts to show his pupils how to throw fire and passion into their appeals." The story was an embarrassment for Trueblood and the university. In his memoirs, Handy recalled being summoned to Trueblood's office: "His desk was piled high with letters...and clippings...from around the country...and he also had a copy of the McCutcheon cartoon.(He) was taking all of this as ridicule, although I had publicized the story with sincere enthusiasm for a new advance in education of which I felt the University of Michigan should be proud." The faculty voted unanimously to suspend Handy for a year for "publishing false and injurious statements affecting the character of the work of one of the Professors." In addition to the suspension, Handy was charged as a "faker" in the press: Henry J. Handy, the student-correspondent at the University of Michigan who sent a sensational story to the Chicago newspapers, relating how Professor <mask>. Trueblood had a class in love-making, has been suspended for one year and the story has been branded as a 'fake.' Handy based the story on an incident that occurred during the rehearsal of a drama, when Professor Trueblood showed one of the students how to kneel to propose. Shortly after the incident, Trueblood left for a trip giving dramatic readings on the West Coast. Handy went on to become a successful public relations man.Golf coach

<mask> was the faculty tennis champion, but at age 40 his doctor told him to give up the game because it was too strenuous. He took up golf, and enjoyed success in that sport, too. "I took it up in August and in October I won the Ann Arbor Golf Club championship," he said. In 1901, Trueblood organized the first Michigan golf team. On October 24–25, 1902, Michigan defeated the University of Chicago 16-12 in "the first intercollegiate golf match held in the West." In 1921, golf became a varsity sport, and Trueblood was the school's first official coach. In 1926, Trueblood retired as a professor emeritus at age 70.At that time, he turned his attention full-time to coaching. His coaching record at Michigan was 71-9-2. During his 15 official seasons as golf coach, his teams won two NCAA National Championships (1934-1935) and five Big Ten Conference championships (1932-1936), and were Big Ten runners-up eight times. He coached two NCAA individual champions, Johnny Fischer (1932) and Chuck Kocsis (1936). <mask> continued as golf coach until he was 80, when athletic director Fielding H. Yost named him emeritus coach. In 1932, Chuck Kocsis (the first golfer inducted into the University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor), enrolled at the university. When a promised alumni pledge to pay his expenses fell through, Trueblood agreed to make a loan (at five percent interest) so Kocsis could pay his tuition.The Wolverines with Kocsis won the NCAA championship twice. Kocsis recalled that the team often traveled to tournaments in <mask>'s car. "Professor Trueblood had a seven-passenger Buick," Kocsis said. "He designated me as the chauffeur. So if we had a golf match, we'd all get into the car and go to Chicago, or go to Ohio, wherever we were going to play." Another teammate recalled the trips in Trueblood's car: "It wasn't a very big Buick, as I recall. We rode with six guys.Chuck used to do most of the driving. I remember that trip down to Washington (for the 1935 national championship at Congressional, which Michigan won). We started in the morning and drove all the way down there. Professor Trueblood was a big guy, too." Trueblood took the team on a side trip to Mount Vernon, where one of the players accidentally bumped the shifter into gear and hit the accelerator as he exited Trueblood's car. The car lurched forward; the open door hit something and was torn off its hinges. Ralph M. Cole, a member of the golf team of 1926-1928, later wrote of a humorous incident involving the septuagenarian Coach <mask>.Cole recalled: "As golf coach he could add very little about the mechanics of the game. But he added one piece of advice which was very helpful when followed, and which he drilled into us at every practice session. It was: 'Up and out in two, boys.' As any golfer would know, it meant, when hitting a short approach shot, get it close enough to the pin to make the next putt. Now for the humorous part of that admonition. We had played Purdue in Lafayette on a Thursday and were to play Illinois on Friday. The Professor was to call us at 4:30 a.m. to catch a 5:30 train for Urbana.Well, he got confused on our room number and awakened a man who called the front desk and told the night clerk that there must be some nut calling at 4:30 a.m. and shouting, 'Up and out in two boys!' We did make the train, anyway." A.H. Jolly, Jr., captain of the 1933 golf team, noted: "Truby, as he was referred to when out of earshot, was still a most active and attentive coach. But the only club or clubs I recall seeing him handle in those days, was a Left-Handed Putter!" Death and honors
Trueblood died in Bradenton, Florida in 1951 at age 95. At the time, the Associated Press noted: "He pioneered the teaching of speech in the nation's colleges during his 42 years on the University of Michigan faculty." His brother, Professor Edwin P<mask>, also a speech professor at Earlham College, died earlier the same year.<mask>'s obituary reported that he "devised the famous college cheer 'The Locomotive.'" He devised the university's famous "locomotive" cheer in 1903 while returning to Ann Arbor on a train from a Big Ten football game. However, other sources indicate that the locomotive cheer began at Princeton in the 1890s. <mask>'s papers are at the Bentley Historical Library in Ann Arbor. Trueblood has been the subject of two articles by Linda Robinson Walker in the University of Michigan alumni publication Michigan Today. Much of the factual information in this article is distilled from Walker's articles. In 1921, students of Professor <mask> honored him by establishing the Trueblood Fund.Today, the Trueblood Fellowship is open to students majoring in Screen Arts & Cultures. In 1981, <mask> was inducted into the University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor as part of the fourth induction class. The Trueblood Theater was located in the Henry S. Frieze Building at the University of Michigan School of Music, Theater and Dance and named in <mask>'s honor. The Trueblood Theater closed its doors in 2006 when the Frieze Building was razed to make room for the North Quad Residential and Academic Complex. A portrait of Trueblood painted in 1920 by Merton Grenhagen was originally hung first in Alumni Hall (now the Museum of Art) and then in the Theater Library in the Frieze Building. In 1998, the Trueblood portrait was hung at the University of Michigan Golf Course. At the time of the installation, the University Record noted: "Known as 'Chief' to his teaching associates and 'Trueby' to his students, <mask><mask> now resides among U-M's golf history."

masks:
Thomas Clarkson Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Thomas C
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
Trueblood
. Trueblood
Thomas Trueblood
Trueblood
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Thomas C
. Trueblood


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<mask> (born 1963 in Hawthorne, California) is a rock and roll singer and guitarist who co-founded the alternative rock, power pop band Redd Kross with his younger brother <mask> and remains in the band. In the early 2000s he played in Ze Malibu Kids, with his wife, Charlotte Caffey, of The Go-Go's, his brother, and sister-in-law Anna Waronker. , he and his brother are preparing and executing a series of Redd Kross reunion shows. Redd Kross

In 1984, Redd Kross returned with drummer Dave Peterson to record Teen Babes from Monsanto, an album featuring songs originally by such artists as Kiss, David Bowie, The Rolling Stones, and The Shangri-Las. In 1984, lead guitarist Robert Hecker joined the band, as Redd Kross embarked on tour in support of Teen Babes from Monsanto. In that same year, they were featured on the soundtrack of Desperate Teenage Lovedolls with their cover of the Brady Bunch Kids''' "It's a Sunshine Day". <mask> and Steve appear in the movie, along with Robert in the sequel Lovedolls Superstar which the brothers co-wrote with Dave Markey and Jennifer Schwartz.Both movies are available now on DVD. In 1985, drummer <mask> (of The Muffs and formerly of The Things, and no relation to the brothers) joined the band. In 1987, Redd Kross released Neurotica, an album reportedly influenced by Saturday morning cartoons and breakfast cereal (one of the songs was called "Frosted Flake"). Although the album itself was successful, the band's label, Big Time Records folded. The band continued to tour during these years however, and in 1988, drummer Victor Indrizzo joined the band. Tater Totz

As The Tater Totz, the McDonald's teamed with Pat Fear of White Flag and Michael Quercio from The Three O'Clock and released Alien Sleestaks from Brazil, the title a tribute to the series Land of the Lost. Another cover collection, it included songs originally by Queen and Yoko Ono, and featured a cover of The Beatles' "I've Just Seen a Face" with lead vocals by guest Danny Bonaduce.The second Tater Totz album, in 1989, included Cherie Currie of The Runaways, and Pat Smear. A third Tater Totz album was released called Tater Comes Alive. A side project, Anarchy 6, had two releases, Hardcore Lives! and a cassette only album Live Like a Suicidal, and was featured in Lovedolls Superstar. 1990s

On 20 February 1990, Redd Kross appeared on Episode 2 of the cult Public-access television show "Decoupage"  with Summer Caprice. In 1990, Redd Kross signed with Atlantic Records, releasing Third Eye, and appeared with David Cassidy in the film Spirit of '76, and issued several singles, including "Annie's Gone", which had some mild success on college radio. Former Red Hot Chili Peppers / future Pearl Jam drummer Jack Irons joined for the Third Eye tours, and appears in the promotional video for "Annie's Gone", which saw some light rotation on MTV.Brian Reitzell succeeded Irons as drummer in the band, and appears in the promotional video for "1976". In 1991, Robert Hecker took leave from the band. The album Phaseshifter was released in 1993, with new band members Eddie Kurdziel, Gere Fennelly, and Brian Reitzell. The videos for "Jimmy's Fantasy" and "Lady in the Front Row" were both shown on MTV's 120 Minutes. They toured on Phaseshifter for over a year, headling their own shows as well as tours supporting The Lemonheads and The Spin Doctors in late 1993 and Stone Temple Pilots in 1994. In 1995, <mask> and his wife, Charlotte Caffey (from The Go-Go's), had a daughter, named Astrid. In 1997, Redd Kross released Show World, produced by Chris Shaw (who also produced albums for Weezer and Soul Asylum) and toured supporting The Presidents of the United States of America.The band took an indefinite hiatus after the Show World tour, and their future was uncertain after the untimely death of guitarist Eddie Kurdziel on 6 June 1999. Current

On 1 July 2006, Redd Kross returned to the live stage after almost a decade's absence. The Neurotica-era line up of <mask>, <mask>, Robert Hecker and <mask> performed a career-spanning set at the REDCAT (Roy and Edna Disney/Cal Arts Theater) at Disney Hall in Los Angeles. The band has subsequently gone on to play at the Azkena Festival in Spain, the Detour Festival in Los Angeles, give a performance of their entire first EP in honor of Rodney Bingenheimer's being awarded a star on Hollywood Boulevard, and a set consisting of the entire Born Innocent album opening for Sonic Youth (who performed Daydream Nation) at the Greek Theater in Los Angeles. They toured Spain and England in January, 2007. They have played a number of one-off shows including Los Angeles, New York, Chicago, and San Francisco. In 2008 they played the Coachella Festival in Coachella, California; ATP vs Pitchfork festival in Sussex, England; and NXNE Festival in Toronto, Ontario.In 2010, Redd Kross headlined the Turbo Rock Festival in Spain. In 2011, they headlined the POP Montreal Festival. Redd Kross toured Australia as part of the Hoodoo Gurus' 30th Anniversary on the "Dig It Up" Festival concert series. Jason Shapiro of the band Celebrity Skin played guitar, sitting in for Robert Hecker on these dates. Their new album, Researching the Blues was released on Merge Records on 7 August 2012. They are also putting out a split and performing with the Melvins on 31 December 2012 on Amphetamine Reptile Records. The band return to Australia in March 2013, touring with Dinosaur Jr.

Side projects
The <mask> brothers collaborated with Charlotte Caffey and Anna Waronker (Steve's wife, frontwoman of That Dog) on a side project.Performing as Ze Malibu Kids, they released the album Sound It Out in 2002. Soundtracks
Redd Kross songs appear on various on the soundtracks to Good Burger, PCU, Bordello of Blood, An American Werewolf in Paris, and Varsity Blues. They have done one song "it is a Scream" for the 2000 film Shriek If You Know What I Did Last Friday The Thirteenth but no soundtrack or the song was ever released on CD. Discography / videography

Albums
 Born Innocent (1982)
 Teen Babes From Monsanto (1984)
 Neurotica (1987)
 Third Eye (1990)
 Phaseshifter (1993)
 Show World (1997)
 Researching the Blues (2012)
 Beyond The Door (2019)

EPs
 Red Cross (1980)
 2500 Redd Kross Fans Can't Be Wrong (1993)

DVDs
 Got LIVE if you must (2008)
 A History Lesson Part 1 (2010)

Singles

Compilation appearances
 The Siren (1980)
 Includes "I Hate My School" and "Standing in Front of Poseur"
 Hell Comes to Your House (1981)
 Includes "Puss 'n' Boots"
 American Youth Report (1982)
 Includes "Notes and Chords Mean Nothing to Me"
 Enigma Variations (1985)
 Includes "Citadel"
 Shared Vision – The Songs of the Beatles (1993)
 Band covers Beatles song "It Won't Be Long"
 If I Were a Carpenter (1994)
 Redd Kross performs a cover of "Yesterday Once More"
 Poptopia! Power Pop Classics of the '90s (1997)
 Includes "Lady in the Front Row"
 KISS Tribute in Japan'' (1998)
 With Kanako Nakayama, Redd Kross performs a cover of "Hard Luck Woman"

References

External links
Redd Kross official website
The Bubblegum Factory: Redd Kross Fan Page with bio, press info, gig posters, photos and complete discography. Atlantic Records artists
Musicians from Hawthorne, California
1963 births
American rock guitarists
American male guitarists
American rock singers
Living people
Redd Kross members
Guitarists from California
20th-century American guitarists
20th-century American male musicians

masks:
Jeff McDonald
Steven Shane McDonald
Jeff
Roy McDonald
Jeff
Jeff McDonald
Steven McDonald
Roy McDonald
McDonald


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<mask> (born 18 October 1983) is a Dutch-Turkish kickboxer and mixed martial artist. He is a Dutch and European Muay Thai champion, K-1 World GP 2006 in Amsterdam tournament finalist, K-1 World Grand Prix 2008 in Hawaii champion and former Glory Light Heavyweight Champion. <mask> also competed in the light heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. Early life
<mask>, born and raised in Schiedam, Netherlands, holds dual Dutch and Turkish nationality as both his parents were Turkish immigrants. <mask> began training in kickboxing at the age of 10 when he also began playing football, but eventually quit football at the age of 16 because of his preference for kickboxing. Kickboxing career
His initial trainer was Jan Pasztjerik, under whom he became Dutch, European and World Muay Thai champion within three years, before moving to the Golden Glory gym in 2003. In 2006, he returned to Pasztjerik as he embarked on a joint production with Golden Glory and Pasztjerik.Training at Golden Glory with Cor Hemmers, <mask> became a well-known fighter as he took wins over André Tete, Vitali Akhramenko,Henriques Zowa and Alexey Ignashov. Apart from the aforementioned wins he also accumulated losses against well-established fighters such as Badr Hari and the Greek Nicholas Pettas. Despite his success under Hemmers, <mask> considers Pasztjerik as the main influence who helped him develop to the fighter he would become. 2006–2007
<mask> made his K-1 debut at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2006 in Amsterdam on 13 May 2006 where he defeated Rani Berbachi in the quarter-finals and Alexey Ignashov in the semis, before losing to Bjorn Bregy by first round knockout in tournament finals. <mask> returned to K-1 in March the following year, taking on Hiromi Amada at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2007 in Yokohama and winning via technical knockout by using Dutch-style low kicks. On 23 June 2007, he defeated Mourad Bouzidi at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2007 in Amsterdam by unanimous decision. He finished off the year by taking a unanimous decision victory over Russian muay Thai fighter Magomed Magomedov at K-1 Fighting Network Turkey 2007 in Istanbul on 2 November.2008
On 16 February 2008, <mask> won the World Full Contact Association (WFCA) World Thaiboxing Super Heavyweight (+95 kg) Championship by defeating Englishman Chris Knowles via TKO (left low kick) in his hometown of Schiedam. Following this, his next significant bout came in a super fight at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2008 in Amsterdam on 26 April where he knocked out Paul Slowinski with a left cross in the first round. Following these impressive victories, he was invited to take part in the sixteen-man tournament at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2008 in Hawaii on 9 August. <mask> was able to win the tournament in devastating fashion by knocking out all three of his opponents, Deutsch Pu'u, Rick Cheek and Randy Kim. This victory earned <mask> a place in the 2008 K-1 World Grand Prix final sixteen. Later that year at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2008 in Seoul Final 16 on 27 September, he was drawn against legendary New Zealander Ray Sefo. After three rounds, the judges had scored the fight a decision draw so it went to an extra round to determine the winner, after which <mask> was announced the victor by unanimous decision.Advancing to the final eight at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2008 Final on 6 December, <mask> defeated Ruslan Karaev in the quarter-finals before being knocked out by the eventual champion, Remy Bonjasky, in the semis by a jumping kick to the rib cage. 2009
Gokhan <mask> began 2009 with a defence of his WFCA World Thaiboxing Super Heavyweight Championship, finishing Germany's Arndt Bunk with a body shot in round 1 on 28 February. A month later, he took part in the K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 in Yokohama, an eight-man tournament to determine the inaugural K-1 Heavyweight (−100kg) Champion. In the semi-finals, his fight with Tyrone Spong went into an extra round where he was able to win via knockout. In the final, he faced Keijiro Maeda in a bout which also went into an extra round. However, he lost via majority decision this time. He returned against Pavel Zhuravlev on 2 August in a super fight at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 in Seoul.He lost the fight via unanimous decision and also injured his knee in the fight, which meant that he could not participate in the World Grand Prix last sixteen. He was still able to take part in a reserve fight at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 Final, however, where he faced the legendary Dutchman Peter Aerts. He was defeated via unanimous decision (30–27, 29–27, and 29–28), meaning that he had now lost three fights in a row. 2010
In early 2010, <mask> was able to bounce back by taking two wins in January and February, including a defence of his WFCA Muay Thai title against Utley Meriana, before rejoining the K-1 circuit in April. He took a decision victory over Singh Jaideep at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2010 in Yokohama before taking on Melvin Manhoef in a highly anticipated bout at It's Showtime 2010 Amsterdam on 29 May. <mask> won via TKO in the second round after the referee stopped the fight due to Manhoef being knocked down three times. Having made a full recovery from his injuries and poor form, <mask> was invited to the K-1 World Grand Prix 2010 in Seoul Final 16 on 2 October where he knocked out Frenchman Freddy Kemayo in the first round.Following this, he entered the United Glory 2010/11 World Series at United Glory 12 fourteen days later where he KO'd Russian Nikolaj Falin in Amsterdam, Netherlands. <mask> then returned to Japan for the K-1 World Grand Prix 2010 Final on 11 December. He faced Daniel Ghiţă in the quarter-finals and won by unanimous decision after four rounds. However, he broke his right hand during the fight and went on to battle Golden Glory teammate Alistair Overeem in the semis. Alistair landed a heavy left kick to <mask>'s right elbow that was also broken in his quarter-final fight. The fight was a first-round TKO win for Overeem. 2011
After recuperating from the injuries he sustained in the K-1 Grand Prix, <mask> returned to the United Glory World Series in March 2011 where he took a decision victory over Wendell Roche in the semis at United Glory 13.He then went on to win the World Series at United Glory 14: 2010–2011 World Series Finals on 28 May in Moscow, Russia where he defeated Brice Guidon by decision. 2012
On 28 January 2012, <mask> faced Badr Hari at It's Showtime 2012 in Leeuwarden in what was to be Hari's last kickboxing match before moving into boxing. Hari defeated <mask> with ease, scoring three knockdowns in the first round before the referee stopped the fight, earning him a TKO victory. He dropped him with a right uppercut first, the second knockdown came by a right hook. Finally, he landed a right uppercut again which dropped <mask> for the third time. When <mask>'s trainer, Cor Hemmers, took up a position working in the Glory promotion and was unable to spend as much time in the gym as before, <mask> moved to Mike's Gym to train under Mike Passenier. He faced Mourad Bouzidi at Glory 2: Brussels on 6 October 2012 in Brussels, Belgium and won by unanimous decision.<mask> ended the year by competing in the sixteen-man 2012 Glory Heavyweight Grand Slam at Glory 4: Tokyo – 2012 Heavyweight Grand Slam in Saitama, Japan on 31 December 2012. <mask> defeated Raoumaru with ease at the opening stage, flooring the out-matched Korean twice in round one and forcing the referee to stop the bout. Then, in the quarter-finals, he knocked out Anderson "Braddock" Silva with his patented left hook in the closing seconds of round one. Advancing to the semis, <mask> was eliminated by the eventual tournament winner, Semmy Schilt. Dwarfed by eleven inches and outweighed by twenty seven kilograms, <mask>'s high work rate was not enough to outpoint Schilt and he lost on points after the judges awarded the giant Dutchman the first two rounds. 2013–2015
<mask> rematched Daniel Ghiţă at Glory 6: Istanbul in Istanbul, Turkey on 6 April 2013 in a #1 contender's bout for the Glory Heavyweight Championship held by Semmy Schilt. The fight started out a little rough, as <mask> caught a kick from the Romanian.He then backed Ghiţă up and threw him to the mat with a sweep. Ghiţă landed hard, looking to have suffered an arm injury. According to Glory's official rules, leg sweeps and trips are illegal moves and should thusly be counted as such. Instead, referee Joop Ubeda counted it as a down as Ghiţă took a while to get to his feet. Even though injured, round two saw again Ghiţă being more consistent but midway through the round, the Dutch began landing heavy punches on him and simply did not let up, dropping durable Romanian three times to take a win via TKO after the referee stepped in, calling the fight. In the semi-finals of Glory 11: Chicago – Heavyweight World Championship Tournament in Hoffman Estates, Illinois, United States in October 2013, <mask> gave a lackluster performance and was on the receiving end of a controversial knockdown in round one as he lost a majority decision to eventual tournament champion Rico Verhoeven. On 2 November 2013, <mask> released a statement declaring that he was looking into taking legal action against Glory over the decision.<mask> was crowned the inaugural Glory Light Heavyweight Champion when he won the Glory 15: Istanbul – Light Heavyweight World Championship Tournament in Istanbul, Turkey on 12 April 2014. He faced Nathan Corbett in the semi-finals and was beginning to punish the Australian's body when blood began to leak from Corbett's right ear after an overhand left to the organ, leading the ringside physician to advise referee Al Wichgers to halt the fight at the 2:35 mark of round one. He then faced Tyrone Spong in a highly anticipated rematch in the final. Midway through the opening round, Spong threw a kick to <mask>'s left leg. <mask> checked the kick, causing Spong's lower right leg to fracture immediately and end the fight via TKO. <mask>'s sportsmanship of immediately tending to Spong was widely praised by the fans. <mask> was stripped of the Glory light heavyweight title due to inactivity in Glory on 27 July 2015.2021–present
On 8 October 2021 it was announced that <mask> made his return to Glory with a single-fight contract. He is scheduled to replace Antonio Plazibat against James McSweeney at Glory: Collision 3 on October 23, 2021. <mask> won the fight by second-round knockout via leg kicks. Mixed martial arts career

Early career
Early in his kickboxing career, <mask> also had a MMA bout. He faced James Zikic on 11 July 2004 at Cage Fighting Championships 1: Cage Carnage. He lost the fight via TKO. Ultimate Fighting Championship
On 25 May 2017, <mask> announced he had signed a multi-fight deal with the Ultimate Fighting Championship.<mask> made his promotional debut against Henrique da Silva on 23 September 2017 at UFC Fight Night: Saint Preux vs. Okami. He won the fight via knockout in the final seconds of the first round. This win earned <mask> his first Performance of the Night bonus award. <mask> was expected to face Khalil Rountree on 30 December 2017 at UFC 219. However, he was forced to pull out, citing knee injury and was replaced by Michal Oleksiejczuk. The bout against Rountree was then rescheduled and eventually took place at UFC 226 on 7 July 2018. <mask> lost the fight via TKO in the first round.<mask> was scheduled to face Saparbek Safarov on 16 March 2019 at UFC on ESPN+ 5. However <mask> pulled out of the fight in late February due to an undisclosed injury. Safarov remained on the card against a replacement, Nicolae Negumereanu. On 8 February 2021, it was reported that <mask> had been released from the UFC. Later, <mask> clarified that he asked the UFC to let him go due to the multiple injuries sustained in mixed martial arts training. Personal life
<mask> holds dual Dutch and Turkish nationality. He has stated that he respects Ramon Dekkers, and referred to Fedor Emelianenko as his favorite fighter.Night in the Margriethal || Schiedam, Netherlands || KO (Straight right) || 1 || 1:10
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2010-01-24 || Win  ||align=left| Dennis Stolzenbach || Muay Thai Mania II || Rijswijk, Netherlands || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2009-12-05 || Loss ||align=left| Peter Aerts || K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 Final || Yokohama, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2009-08-02 || Loss ||align=left| Pavel Zhuravlev || K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 in Seoul || Seoul, Republic of Korea || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2009-03-28 || Loss ||align=left| Kyotaro || K-1 World GP 2009 in Yokohama || Yokohama, Japan || Ext R. Decision (Majority) || 4 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2009-03-28 || Win ||align=left| Tyrone Spong || K-1 World GP 2009 in Yokohama || Yokohama, Japan || KO (Right hook) || 4 || 1:58
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2009-02-28 || Win ||align=left| Arndt Bunk || Ring Sensation Schiedam || Schiedam, Netherlands || KO (Left body shot) || 1 || 2:18
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2008-12-06 || Loss ||align=left| Remy Bonjasky || K-1 World GP 2008 Final || Yokohama, Japan || TKO (Ref. stoppage/Back injury) || 2 || 0:53
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2008-12-06 || Win  ||align=left| Ruslan Karaev || K-1 World GP 2008 Final || Yokohama, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2008-09-27 || Win ||align=left| Ray Sefo || K-1 World GP 2008 Final 16 || Seoul, South Korea || Ext R. Decision (Unanimous) || 4 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2008-08-09 || Win ||align=left| Randy Kim || K-1 World GP 2008 in Hawaii || Honolulu, Hawaii, USA || KO (Left hook) || 2 || 1:39
|-
!

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<mask> ( ; born September 3, 1957) is an American actor, producer, author, and voice artist. He is best known for portraying Bobby Baccalieri on The Sopranos and Detective Anthony Abetemarco on Blue Bloods. <mask> is a producer and host of two Investigation Discovery series: Karma's A B*tch! and Nothing Personal. He was a regular cast member of The Secret Life of the American Teenager and the voice of Roberto in the Open Season series. Early life
<mask> was born on September 3, 1957 in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn. His father, <mask>, was Italian American.His grandparents, Ilario <mask> and Maria Capacci, were from Riace, Calabria, Southern Italy. His mother, <mask> (née Bernstein), was of Jewish descent. <mask> grew up in a low-income household with four siblings and graduated from Brooklyn College. Career

Film and television
<mask> got his first taste of show business in his job as entertainment director of the Riviera Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas. In the biography page of his website, <mask> says that he had cameo appearances in comedy specials by Drew Carey and Kevin Pollak, among other comedians. That led to a role as an uncredited extra in Martin Scorsese's Casino. In the film, he portrayed a customer at the bar in the scene when Joe Pesci's character angrily stabs a man with a pen.After this, <mask> decided that he wanted to become an actor. He had several minor roles in movies, including The Runner (1999) and Joe Dirt. His breakthrough role was in the second season (2000) of The Sopranos, playing Tony Soprano's mobster brother-in-law Bobby Baccalieri. By chance, he was in New York City in June 1999 for a friend's wedding, and around that time he was invited for an audition in New York City, initially for Agent Skip Lipari, and later for the role of Baccalieri. He played Baccalieri for five seasons, and for the first two seasons, he wore a fat suit to fit the role. His many television appearances include Angel, Casino Cinema, Columbo, Star Trek: Enterprise, Hollywood Squares, Joey, Law & Order, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, My Wife and Kids, Ed, Jeopardy!, George Lopez, Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! and The King of Queens.In 2008, Schirripa appeared on CBS's primetime game show Million Dollar Password, and in 2019, Schirripa appeared on the game show Pyramid alongside Jamie-Lynn Sigler. He also made an uncredited appearance along with fellow Soprano star Vincent Pastore on the 6th Season episode of Aqua Teen Hunger Force entitled "She Creature". Schirripa was a frequent guest on the Don Imus radio program. In February 2007, he began to make appearances for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, on Spike TV, siding with Team 3D as their cousin in their ongoing battle against The Latin American Xchange. On October 30, 2007, he appeared on, The Podge and Rodge Show. He also did spots as "<mask> the Judgmental Bastard" on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, and taped several episodes of The Gong Show with Dave Attell, as one of the celebrity judges. From 2008 to 2012, Schirripa had a recurring role in the ABC Family show, The Secret Life of the American Teenager, as Leo Boykewich, Ben's dad.In 2009, he made a cameo appearance alongside fellow Sopranos actor Frank Vincent in Stargate Atlantis episode "Vegas". He was also in 2009's My Fake Fiancé with Melissa Joan Hart and Joey Lawrence as the Monkey. He has appeared on the Tonight Show more than 40 times as a guest and as a correspondent. <mask> hosted NBC's poker game show, Face the Ace, with the premiere episode airing on August 1, 2009. In the fall of 2010, <mask> had a guest star role in the digital comedy short film, Lil DPC, from writer/director Michael Ratner, which also features rapper Fat Joe and Blink 182's Mark Hoppus. In 2011 and 2012, <mask> hosted and narrated the television true-crime series Nothing Personal, which premiered in the US on Investigation Discovery and in the UK on History. The series featured an often humorous take on true stories and reenactments of murders-for-hire.In addition to hosting the hour-long programs, <mask> was one of the program's executive producers. Subsequently, <mask> hosted Karma's a B*tch!, also for Investigation Discovery. He has also guest-starred in the American version of Top Gear. Schirripa played Sonny Rosselli in A Poet Long Ago, a short film written by Pete Hamill and directed by Bob Giraldi, which gained entry into a number of film festivals in 2013. In 2014, <mask> played Joey on the ABC series Black Box, did voice acting in an episode of American Dad! entitled "Stan Goes on the Pill", and played Vito in the silver screen adaptation Jersey Boys, directed by Clint Eastwood. He will play Father Ed in Chasing Yesterday, a film by writer/director Joseph Pernice, as well as be in the film Houses, by writer/director Jenner Furst, alongside Sopranos co-stars Michael Imperioli and John Ventimiglia.Starting in 2015, <mask> has played Det. Anthony Abetemarco, an investigator who works with assistant district attorney Erin Reagan on the CBS series Blue Bloods. In July 2017, Schirrpa appeared in a segment on John Oliver's satirical news show Last Week Tonight satirizing Boris Epshteyn and the right-wing tone of mandatory segments given to member stations by the Sinclair Broadcast Group. <mask> co-hosts a podcast with Michael Imperioli called Talking Sopranos, which began on April 6, 2020. The two provide inside info as they follow The Sopranos series episode by episode. By September 2020, the podcast had reached over five million downloads. On September 17, 2020, Imperioli and <mask> signed a deal with HarperCollins book imprint William Morrow and Company to write an oral history of the show; the book titled Woke Up This Morning: The Definitive Oral History of The Sopranos was released on November 2, 2021.Books
<mask>'s acting roles often portrayed "goombas," slang for stereotypical Italian-American tough guys and often denoting connections to the Mafia. He carried that persona over into real life but with a comedic twist, especially in appearances on talk and game shows. He expanded on that persona when he wrote a series of books starting with A Goomba's Guide to Life () in 2002. He followed up with The Goomba's Book of Love, co-authored with Charles Fleming in 2003 (). The series continued with The Goomba Diet: Large and Loving It () in 2006, and in 2013 Big Daddy's Rules: Raising Daughters Is Tougher Than I Look (), co-authored by Philip Lerman. <mask> and Fleming also collaborated on two books about Nicky Deuce, a suburban teenager who is sent to visit his grandparents in Brooklyn. Nicky Deuce: Welcome to the Family was followed by Nicky Deuce: Home for the Holidays, which was the basis for the 2013 Nickelodeon film Nicky Deuce starring Noah Munck.Nicky Deuce also featured supporting roles filled by James Gandolfini, Michael Imperioli, Tony Sirico, and Vincent Curatola of The Sopranos fame. Theatre
On April 3, 2014, <mask> gave a theatrical performance in a special production of Guys and Dolls alongside Nathan Lane, Patrick Wilson, and Megan Mullally at Carnegie Hall. Uncle <mask>'s Italian Specialties
In 2014, Schirripa launched a line of organic vegan pasta sauces under the business name of Uncle <mask>'s Italian Specialties Group. Schirripa appeared on the Eric Andre Show to promote the sauce. Personal life
Schirripa married Laura Lemos on April 22, 1989. They have two children, daughters Bria and Ciara. When asked if he was bar mitzvahed, Schirripa answered no and stated that he was raised as a Catholic but that he ”very much identifies as being Jewish as well”.Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

1957 births
Living people
American Ashkenazi Jews
Film producers from New York (state)
Television producers from New York City
American male singers
American animators
American male voice actors
American people of Italian descent
American male film actors
American male television actors
American people of Jewish descent
People from the Las Vegas Valley
Male actors from New York City
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
Lafayette High School (New York City) alumni
Musicians from Brooklyn
People from Bensonhurst, Brooklyn
Jewish American male actors
American male writers
American podcasters
American men podcasters
21st-century American Jews

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Saint <mask> of Amasea (c. 350c. 410 AD) was made Bishop of Amasea between 380 and 390 AD, after having been a lawyer. He was born in Cappadocia and probably died in Amasea in modern Turkey, then in Pontus. Significant portions of his lively sermons survive, which are especially interesting from the point of view of art history, and social life in his day. <mask>, Bishop of Amasea is not to be confused with the Arian polemicist <mask> the Sophist. His feast day is October 30. Life and work

<mask> of Amasea was the younger contemporary of Amphilochius of Iconium and the three great Cappadocian Fathers.Little is known about his life, except that he was educated by a Scythian slave. Like Amphilochius, he had been a lawyer before becoming bishop between 380 and 390 AD, and he brought the skills of the professional rhetorician to his sermons. Sixteen homilies and panegyrics on the martyrs still exist, showing familiarity with the classics, and containing an unusual concentration of details of everyday life in his time. One of them, Oration 4: Adversus Kalendarum Festum attacks the pagan customs and abuses of the New Years feast, denying everything that Libanius had said supporting it – see Lord of Misrule for extensive quotations. That sermon was preached on January 1, 400 AD, which provides the main evidence, with a reference in another to his great age, to the dating of his career. Artistic references

In Oration 11, On the martyrdom of St. Euphemia, Asterius describes a painting of the martyrdom and compares it to pictures made by the famous pre-Christian Hellenistic painters Euphranor and Timomachus; the speech was quoted twice in the Second Council of Nicaea in 787, which concluded the period of Byzantine iconoclasm, as evidence in favour of the veneration of images. As described, the icon was on canvas, and displayed in a church near her tomb; it has puzzled historians, as the manner of death, from fire, differs from all other accounts in the tradition.It is an exceptionally detailed ekphrasis, or description of a work of art, from this period, although scholars have wondered how well the description matched an actual work. The intended audience is uncertain, though it was apparently all-male, as they are addressed as "gentlemen" (andres). In Oration 1, On the Rich Man and Lazarus, he objects to richly decorated clothes:   through vain devices and vicious desires, you seek out fine linen, and gather the threads of the Persian worms and weave the spider's airy web; and going to the dyer, pay large prices in order that he may fish the shell-fish out of the sea and stain the garment with the blood of the creature, ----this is the act of a man surfeited, who misuses his substance, having no place to pour out the superfluity of his wealth. For this in the Gospel such a man is scourged, being portrayed as stupid and womanish, adorning himself with the embellishments of wretched girls. Clothes decorated with religious images, worn by laymen it seems, are also condemned:having found some idle and extravagant style of weaving, which by the twining of the warp and the woof, produces the effect of a picture, and imprints upon their robes the forms of all creatures, they artfully produce, both for themselves and for their wives and children, clothing beflowered and wrought with ten thousand objects....You may see the wedding of Galilee, and the water-pots; the paralytic carrying his bed on his shoulders; the blind man being healed with the clay; the woman with the bloody issue, taking hold of the  border of the garment; the sinful woman falling at the feet of Jesus; Lazarus returning to life from the grave. In doing this they consider that they are acting piously and are clad in garments pleasing to God. But if they take my advice let them sell those clothes and honor the living image of God.Do not picture Christ on your garments. It is enough that he once suffered the humiliation of dwelling in a human body which of his own accord he assumed for our sakes. So, not upon your robes but upon your soul carry about his image. Other interesting details of the lifestyle of the rich are mentioned in condemnation. The apparent contradiction of these positions confused Arnold Hauser, in his famous The Social History of Art, into wrongly claiming <mask> as an Iconoclast, but his objection to images on clothes is on the grounds of expense and frivolity. Texts
Of <mask>'s work, 16 homilies survive, and Photios lists four more. Some of these speeches have survived in medieval Latin, Georgian, and Church Slavonic translations.An English translation exists of five sermons by <mask>, which were published in 1904 in the US under the title "Ancient Sermons for Modern Times", and issued as a reprint in 2007. This is the main portion of his works to exist in English, and has been transcribed online. Oration 11 has also been translated. Other sermons by <mask> of Amasea existed in the time of Photius, who referred to a further ten sermons not now known in Bibliotheca codex 271. One of these lost sermons indicates that <mask> lived to a great age. Philip Rubens, brother of the painter, produced an edition of the homilies, published posthumously in a memorial volume after his death in 1611, together with a short biography of Philip, a selection of Latin poems that he had written, and Latin poems written in his memory by his friends. Fourteen genuine sermons have been printed by Migne in the Patrologia Graeca 40, 155–480, with a Latin translation.along with other sermons "by <mask>" that were written by <mask> the Sophist. Another two genuine sermons were discovered in manuscript  at Mount Athos by M. Bauer. Those two were first printed by A. Bretz (TU 40.1, 1914). Eleven sermons have also been translated into German. Notes

References
 C. Datema (ed. ): <mask> of Amasea. Homilies I–XIV.Text, introduction and notes. Leiden 1970. "Writers from the time of Augustine", Villanova.edu, webpage:  Villanova-edu-patristic. "<mask> of Amasea, Sermons (1904). Preface to the online edition", Roger Pearse (translator), Ipswich, UK, December 2003, webpage:  ECWritings-Aste. 350 births
410 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Year of death uncertain
4th-century Romans
5th-century Byzantine bishops
4th-century Christian saints
4th-century Byzantine bishops
Christian iconography
Early Christian art
Aniconism
Ancient lawyers

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