text_chunks:
<mask> FRSE LLD (14 October 1827 – 16 June 1881), was a Scottish advocate, social anthropologist and ethnologist. Life

He was born in Inverness, the son of <mask>, an insurance agent, and his wife, Jessie Ross. He was educated in that city, then studied law at King's College, Aberdeen, graduating M.A. in 1849. He then entered Trinity College, Cambridge, where in 1853 he obtained a Wrangler's place (first class) in the Mathematical Tripos. He left Cambridge without taking a degree there. McLennan then spent two years in London writing for The Leader, at that time edited by George Henry Lewes, and other periodicals.He may well have attended one of the Inns of Court. During this period he knew George Eliot and William Michael Rossetti, and dabbled in verse in the Pre-Raphaelite style. On returning to Edinburgh, he was called to the Scottish bar in January 1857. He became secretary to the Scottish Law Amendment Society, and took an active part in the agitation which led to the Court of Session Act of 1868. As a man of letters, he worked with Alexander Smith. At this time he lived at 6 Northumberland Street in Edinburgh's New Town. In 1870 McLennan's first wife died, and he moved back to London.In 1871, he took the post of parliamentary draughtsman for Scotland. His health, however, was already thoroughly undermined by tuberculosis (or consumption), and while wintering in Algeria he suffered from repeated attacks of malarial fever. He died of tuberculosis on 16 June 1881 at Hayes Common, Kent. Publications
McLennan undertook the article on "Law" for the eighth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. It looked back to the Scottish tradition of <mask> and Adam Smith; but in it he speculated also on the custom of collusive abduction seen in classical antiquity. Via conjectural steps involving the form of polyandry as it might have evolved, he found the topic that led on to his major work. It has been suggested that McLennan was motivated by disagreement with Henry Maine, on questions of legal reform, to examine Maine's Ancient Law; McLennan wrote attacks on Maine that were not published in his own lifetime.In 1865, McLennan published Primitive Marriage. In it he argued from symbolic and ceremonial forms of bride kidnapping (see also Types of marriage). His ideas had been partially anticipated by Johann Jakob Bachofen, writing in 1861 on matriarchy, but were independent. McLennan developed from ethnographic data a social evolutionist theory of marriage, and also of systems of kinship according to natural laws. He rejected patriarchal society as an early stage, arguing in favour of agnation as a more basic evolutionary point; he proposed an early model of social groups, a war band mainly male, practicing female infanticide and acquiring female sexual partners, with promiscuity and matrilineality salient features. In 1866, McLennan wrote in the Fortnightly Review (April and May) an essay on Kinship in Ancient Greece, in which he proposed tests for the history of kinship claimed in Primitive Marriage. Three years later, in the Fortnightly Review for 1869–70, he developed his ideas on totemism from indications in the earlier essay.A reprint of Primitive Marriage, with Kinship in Ancient Greece and some other essays not previously published, appeared in 1876, under the title of Studies in Ancient History; the new essays included The Divisions of the Irish Family, and On the Classificatory System of Relationship. A Paper on The Levirate and Polyandry, following up the line of his previous investigations (Fortnightly Review, 1877), was the last work he was able to publish. McLennan also wrote a Life of Thomas Drummond (1867). The materials which he had accumulated on kinship were edited by his widow and Arthur Platt, under the title Studies in Ancient history: Second Series (1896). Influence
McLennan's work had implications for the field of history of religion. In the study The Worship of Animals and Plants (two parts, 1869–70) McLennan suggested a connection between social structures and primitive religions; and he coined the word "totemism" for the social function of primitive religion. This concise term proved to be useful to later historians of religion, and sociologists like William Robertson Smith and Émile Durkheim (among others).The following quote by McLennan (1865) contains the basic premise for the comparative method (as used by Robertson Smith):
In the sciences of law and society, old means not old in chronology, but in the structure: that is most archaic which lies nearest to the beginning of human progress considered as a development, and that is most modern which is farthest removed from the beginning. For Robertson Smith, McLennan's comparative method proved to be important. One of Robertson Smith's more influential essays, Animal Worship and Animal Tribes among the Arabs and in the Old Testament, directly follows MacLennan's ideas on totemism. It connected contemporary Arab nomads and ancient biblical peoples with the social function of totemism in primitive religions. Family
McLennan married twice:
 On 23 December 1862, to Mary Bell Ramsay McCulloch, daughter of <mask> McCulloch, by whom he had one daughter;
 On 20 January 1875, to Eleonor Anne Brandram, daughter of Francis Holles Brandram, J.P. for the counties of Kent and Sussex, who died in 1896. Sources
2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.Kippenberg, Hans G. 2002. Discovering Religious History in the Modern Age. Princeton & Oxford, Princeton University Press. McLennan, <mask>. 1970 [1865]. Primitive Marriage. An Inquiry into the Origin of the Form of Capture in Marriage Ceremonies. Chicago.Strenski, Ivan. 2006. Thinking About Religion. An Historical Introduction to Theories of Religion. Malden, MA., Blackwell Publishing. References

Attribution

External links

1827 births
1881 deaths
Scottish lawyers
19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
British ethnologists
Fellows of the Ethnological Society of London
Alumni of the University of Aberdeen
Tuberculosis deaths in England

masks:
John Ferguson McLnan
John McLnan
Adam Ferguson
John Ramsay
John F


text_chunks:
<mask> is a musician, record producer, composer, singer, songwriter and a founding member of Bell Gardens, Furry Things, Eight Frozen Modules, and [a]pendics.shuffle. Career

<mask> was born in Canada, grew up in El Paso, Texas and currently lives in Los Angeles, California. He first learned how to play guitar on his fathers acoustic and got his first 4-track recorder at age 19. <mask> founded the 1990s noise rock band Furry Things, who released most of its material on King Coffey's (of the Butthole Surfers) Trance Syndicate / Touch and Go Records imprint. He has also released music that spans across many genres under aliases such as [a]pendics.shuffle, Eight Frozen Modules, dubLoner, Reverse Commuter, and Hiss & Buzz (with Jack Dangers of Meat Beat Manifesto). He founded the electronic music record label Adjunct Audio in early 2005 with friend Konstantin Gabbro, through Kompakt records. <mask> along with Brian McBride of the drone-based ambient music duo Stars of the Lid, started the band Bell Gardens in 2009.Through the music of Bell Gardens, the two explore the realms of Americana, chamber pop, folk, and psychedelic pop. He also recently collaborated with Douglas McCarthy of Nitzer Ebb on a track called Whispers In on his latest Reverse Commuter album titled Exposure. In April 2016, <mask> released his first full ambient album under his real name titled The Evening Falls on Kompakt Records and returned for a second album in March, 2018 titled In The Fields Of Nothing. In 2017, <mask> <mask> with Gavin Toler Of The Winter Flowers. According to his website the group makes music that fits under the “Cosmic American Music” banner. He has directed music videos for artists such as Francis Harris and Dance Spirit as well as his own projects Reverse Commuter and Bell Gardens. Musical projects

Furry Things

<mask> played guitar, sang, and produced the 1990s Noise Pop band Furry Things.The line up also consisted of Cathy Shive (Bass, Vocals), Charlie Woodburn (Drums), and Chris Michaels (Keyboards). Furry Things released the majority of its material on King Coffey's (of the Butthole Surfers) Trance Syndicate / Touch and Go Records imprint. The band formed in Austin, Texas in 1993 and moved to Los Angeles, California in the summer of 1997. <mask> produced the band's first LP titled The Big Saturday Illusion along with engineer Adam Wiltzie (of Stars Of The Lid). <mask> and Brad Laner (of the band Medicine) produced the second and last LP titled Moments Away which was released in 1998. The band also released two 7" singles and two EPs as well as being featured on The Kahanek Incident: Volume 2, which was a remix trade between Furry Things and Electric Company. Bell Gardens

Bell Gardens is the musical collaboration between <mask> and Brian McBride of Stars Of The Lid.Through the music of Bell Gardens, they explore different styles such as chamber pop, folk rock, psychedelic pop, and Americana. Their first EP Hangups Need Company was released on their own imprint Failed Better in 2010. Southern Records released their first LP Full Sundown Assembly in late 2012. Rocket Girl released the band's second LP titled Slow Dawns For Lost Conclusions in October, 2014. Eight Frozen Modules

Eight Frozen Modules (also known as 8FM) is one of Gibson's experimental electronic music projects. Eight Frozen Modules' recorded material is a mix of IDM, Techno, Dub, electro, breakcore, dancehall, and Noise. The project started as a side project to the now defunct noise-pop band Furry Things and like Furry Things, was also released on King Coffey's Trance Syndicate label.As 8FM, he has released music on labels such as Phthalo, Planet Mu, Orthlorng Musork, Tigerbeat 6, City Slang, Shockout, Mutant Sniper, Mille Plateaux, Warp, In Vitro Records, Lo Recordings and Tino Corp to name a few. [a]pendics.shuffle

[a]pendics.shuffle is <mask>'s main electronic music alias. Under this alias he creates a mix of minimal house, techno, micro house, and experimental electronic dance music. [a]pendics.shuffle has released music on many labels such as Trapez, Orac, Adjunct Audio, Mo's Ferry Prod., Lick My Deck, We Are, Leftroom, Sunset Diskos and more. As apendics.shuffle, <mask> has collaborated with and remixed a number of other artists such Mr. C of The Shamen, Mikael Stavöstrand, Mark "Blakkat" Bell, Damian Lazarus, Brad Laner, and Vladislav Delay. Kool Keith, and Markus Nikolai of Perlon Records. Reverse Commuter

The first released Reverse Commuter track, The Organ That Killed Me, was released on a compilation titled Grand Slang on City Slang in 2000.There was a gap of no releases till 2003 with The Direction EP on Hallucination Recordings. Outside of a string of remixes and compilation tracks, there wasn't another official release till 2014 with a new album titled Exposure on DJ Three's Hallucienda label along with a 12" EP titled Vinyl Exposure One including a Doc Martin remix. Exposure featured tracks with vocals by <mask>, Douglas McCarthy (of Nitzer Ebb, Recoil), and his wife Kelly Johnston-Gibson. Adjunct Audio

Kenneth along with Konstantin Gabbro (also co-founder of Orac Records, Zoombézoom)  founded the electronic music record label Adjunct Audio in 2005. Adjunct releases a range of styles from Deep House and Minimal Techno to Dub and Ambient. Producers such as John Tejada, Bruno Pronsato, Dapayk, Blakkat, Kit Clayton, Mathias Schaffhäuser, DubLoner, Sutekh, Dilo, Mikael Stavostrand, Mr. C, and  [a]pendics.shuffle himself have worked with the label. Adjunct is distributed by Kompakt records.Music for television and film

<mask> composes music for TV and Film. According to IMDB he has music in shows such as Shameless,  The Simpsons,  The Last O.G., Weeds, Californication, and Saturday Night Live and films such as The Best and The Brightest, Drones, Don Peyote, and 7 Minutes. <mask> appeared as himself as music producer on an episode of VH1's MC Serch hosted show Miss Rap Supreme. Discography

with Bell Gardens

Albums

Full Sundown Assembly (Southern Records / Burger Records, 2012)
Slow Dawns For Lost Conclusions (Rocket Girl, 2014)

Singles & EPs

Hangups Need Company (Failed Better / Burger Records, 2010)
Take Us Away (Rocket Girl, 2014)

Compilation appearances

Various – International Connection Collection (Dublab, 2010)
Various - The Kitty Comp (Burger Records, 2010)
Various - Rocket Girl 20 (Rocket Girl, 2019)

with Furry Things

Albums

The Big Saturday Illusion (Trance Syndicate, 1995)
Moments Away (Trance Syndicate, 1998)

Singles & EPs

Hide / Your Two One (7") (Rise Records, 1994)
Still California / Car Songs Unlimited (7") (Trance Syndicate, 1995)
Headphones (Trance Syndicate, 1996)
Frequent Lunacy (Trance Syndicate, 1997)

Compilation appearances

Various – Cinco Años! (Trance Syndicate, 1995)
Various – Green Light GO! (Bottlecap Records, 1995)
Various – Angelfood Electronics Vol Two (Kakemix Records, 1997)
Various – Letters To Aliens (Undercover Inc., 1997)

as <mask> <mask>

Albums

Delusional Tales And Non-Silence (Culprit, 2010)
The Evening Falls (Kompakt, 2016)
In The Fields Of Nothing (Kompakt, 2018)

Singles & EPs

Animals Tonight (Culprit, 2009)
Something In The Way (Culprit, 2010)
Something In The Way Remixes (12") (Adjunct Audio, 2013)
Far From Home (Kompakt, 2018)

Compilation appearances

Various - Ambient Rounds Vol. 2 (Dock Records, 2014)
Various - Pop Ambient 2017 (Kompakt, 2016)
Various - Pop Ambient 2018 (Kompakt, 2017)
Various - Velvet Desert Music Vol.1 (Kompakt, 2019)

as Eight Frozen Modules

Albums

The Confused Designer (Trance Syndicate, 1997)
The Confused Electrician (City Slang, 1998)
Random Activities and Broken Sunsets (Phthalo, 2001)
Thought Process Disorder (Orthlorng Musork, 2002)
The Abduction of Barry (Orthlorng Musork, 2003)
Crumbling And Responding (g25productions, 2005)
Clinically Yours (Plateaux Résistance, 2005)

Singles & EPs

Daydream Nightmare (12") (Trance Syndicate, 1997)
Collages From The Inside of a Circuit Board Gone Wild (12") (Kakemix Records, 1997)
Eight Frozen Modules / Mochipet – $ Vol. 11 (7") (Tigerbeat6, 2003)
DJ, Riddim & Source (12") (Planet Mu, 2004)
Ghislain Poirier / Eight Frozen Modules – Be Strong / Dem Nuh Know Me (12") (Shockout / Tigerbeat6, 2004)
Rejected Resident (12") (Mutant Sniper, 2005)
Deleted Chemistry (12") (In Vitro Records, 2008)

Compilation appearances

Various – Wow! & Flutter (City Slang / Too Pure, 1997)
Various – Musikexpress 14 – EFA (Musikexpress, 1998)
Various – Altered States of America (Lo Recordings, 1998)
Various – Shockout (Shockout / Tigerbeat6, 2004)
Various – Igloo Trax Vol. 1 (Igloo Magazine, 2004)
Various – Drop Name Records Vol. 1 (Painfree Foundsound Institute, 2004)
Various – Clicks & Cuts 4 (Mille Plateaux, 2004)
Various – Crimson (Terminal Dusk, 2005)
Various – Autonomous Addicts (The Designed Disorder, 2005)
Various – Morrow Choral Orchestra (The Designed Disorder, 2006)
Surgeon – This Is For You Shits (Warp Records, 2007)

Selected remixes

Bruno Pronsato – Silver City (Eight Frozen Modules Remix) (Orac,Records, 2003)
Meat Beat Manifesto – God O.D. (Eight Ways To O.D. 1 (ZYX Music, 2006)
Various – Do You Copy?Isaac H. Selassie (split 12") (De'fchild Productions, 2008)
DubLoner & Isaac Haile Selassie – Wicked Man (12") (De'fchild Productions, 2010)
DubLoner & Isaac H. Selassie* – The Fight, The Spirit (12") (De'fchild Productions, 2010)
Dubloner Ft. Isaac Haile Selassie - Chairr Nawena (digital EP) (Adjunct Audio, 2015)

Compilation appearances

Various – For Every Moment of Triumph: Volume Two (Adjunct Audio, 2011)

Selected Remixes

Reverse Commuter – The Direction – Re:Directed (dubLoner Remix) (Hallucination Limited, 2003)
Meat Beat Manifesto – Retrograde Pt.

masks:
Kenneth James Gibson
Kenneth James Gibson
Gibson
Gibson
Gibson
Gibsonler
Gibson
Kenneth
Kenneth
Kenneth
Kenneth
Gibson
Gibson
Gibson
Gibson
Gibson
Kenneth James
Gibson


text_chunks:
<mask> (November 4, 1906 – March 15, 1996) was a New York City corporate attorney and government official who served as Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1961–64, when he played a pivotal role in the high-stake strategies of the Cuban Missile Crisis, advising President John F. Kennedy as well as Robert McNamara and McGeorge Bundy on dealing with the Soviet nuclear missile threat. <mask> later served as Chairman of the Task Force on Nuclear Proliferation in 1964. Early life and career
<mask> was born in 1906 in Brooklyn, the son of Wall Street attorney <mask>, an Amherst College graduate born in Warren, Rhode Island, and the former Charlotte Elizabeth Leavitt, a graduate of Mount Holyoke College, born to American missionary parents in Osaka, Japan. Charlotte Leavitt was a college classmate and lifelong friend of Frances Perkins, the first woman appointed to a Presidential Cabinet. On his mother's side <mask> was related to Harvard College astronomer Henrietta Swan Leavitt, whose father was the Congregational minister <mask>. <mask> attended Poly Preparatory Country Day School from 1917 to 1920, when the family moved to White Plains, where he attended high school for two years before transferring to the Hotchkiss School, where he was a member of the remarkable class of 1924 that included Charles W. Yost, Paul Nitze, and Chapman Rose. His duties as a scholarship boy, which included waiting on tables and cleaning rooms, kept down his participation in extracurricular activities at Hotchkiss, but he was a member of the Cum Laude Society.He graduated from Yale University in 1928, Phi Beta Kappa; and then from Yale Law School in 1931, where he was an editor of the Yale Law Journal. Following his graduation, <mask> went to work for the New York City law firm of Cravath, Swaine & Moore, where he became a partner and where he practiced when not serving in government. <mask> owed much of his political cachet to his special relationship with the celebrated lawyer, diplomat and investment banker Robert A. Lovett, to whom <mask> was a protégé. <mask> served as Under Secretary of the Air Force from 1951-1953. During 1956 and 1957, <mask> was a member of the Rockefeller Brothers' Special Studies Project. <mask> was a childhood friend of Governor Nelson Rockefeller. Deputy Secretary of Defense

<mask> joined the new Kennedy administration in 1961 as part of the wave of Kennedy appointments.His appointment was unusual: he was one of the few Pentagon leaders handpicked by the new President. Fearing that the new Secretary of Defense, Robert S. McNamara, was inexperienced in Washington's ways, Kennedy chose <mask> to add experience to his Defense team. McNamara was known as a "whiz kid", a Midwestern industrial production wunderkind. But Kennedy sensed that McNamara would need a strong lieutenant who was savvy in the ways of Washington. Kennedy chose <mask> as the Pentagon's number two, passing over Paul Nitze, <mask>'s old classmate from Hotchkiss, who had wanted the job. It was a propitious appointment: within a few months, the dashing Eastern lawyer and his Midwestern boss were finishing each other's sentences. McNamara frequently started out with the expression: "Ros and I...."

As the Cuban crisis began to unfold, <mask> was appointed to the EXCOMM team, the top-level working group appointed by President Kennedy to assess the Soviet missile threat in Cuba.At one point during the tense standoff of the Cuban Missile Crisis, McGeorge Bundy was arguing for United States bombing of Cuba to eliminate the threat of a Soviet nuclear attack. McNamara countered, arguing that there should be no bombing because the Soviet Russian response was unpredictable. It was at this critical moment that <mask> stepped in to settle the argument. "Essentially, Mr. President," <mask> was recorded telling Kennedy, "this is a choice between limited action and unlimited action, and most of us think it is better to start with limited action." It was <mask>'s intervention that changed the direction of the discussion, according to Harvard professor and former Department of Defense official Graham T. Allison, who authored a book, Essence of Decision, about the crisis. Proposing the blockade was McNamara and <mask>'s solution to providing President Kennedy with a strong response – but short of the airstrike that McGeorge Bundy and others were pushing. By crafting their solution, and with the normally reticent <mask> speaking up forcefully for it, the two managed to change the thrust of policy.The President followed <mask> and McNamara's recommendation. <mask> was not always so dovish. He often took a hard line against the Communist threat, and was not above using force in other matters of international security. In the Eisenhower administration, <mask> headed a secret task force charged with "preventing Communist domination of Vietnam." <mask> argued forcefully for U.S. commitment to halt the Communist threat in South Vietnam. In his position with the Kennedy administration, <mask> later signed off on the overthrow of the Diem government. <mask> was also a member of a special task force which hatched "Operation Mongoose", a dirty tricks campaign aimed at destabilizing the government of Fidel Castro in Cuba.At the same time, <mask> showed that he could be intellectually flexible on occasion. When it came to the admission of China into the United Nations, for instance, <mask> argued forcefully in a letter to The New York Times, written during his Eisenhower years, that the United States should stop trying to block the Communist country's admission into the international governing body. "By no longer trying to block Communist China's admission to the United Nations the United States might be able to bring about a reduction in tensions in southeast Asia that would lessen the chances of further Communist 'nibbling' or 'brush-fire' type of aggression." <mask> did not always face an easy task while acting as go-between for the Pentagon generals and the White House. For example, President Kennedy developed such an intense dislike of General Curtis Lemay that every time his name came up, Kennedy went ballistic. "I mean he just would be frantic at the end of a session with LeMay", <mask> recalled, "because, you know, LeMay couldn't listen or wouldn't take in, and he would make what Kennedy considered ... outrageous proposals that bore no relation to the state of affairs in the 1960s. And the President never saw him unless at some ceremonial affair, or where he felt he had to make a record of having listened to LeMay, as he did on the whole question of an air strike against Cuba.And he had to sit there. I saw the President right afterwards. He was just choleric." It was <mask>'s calm demeanor and good judgment, wrote Robert F. Kennedy, that led his brother the President to rely on <mask>, especially in times of crisis. When Robert McNamara met the Brooklyn-born lawyer at Kennedy's suggestion, according to historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr., he found <mask> "easy, resourceful and intelligent, and the partnership was immediately sealed." <mask> made himself an "indispensable" figure in the Kennedy administration, wrote longtime JFK aide Ted Sorensen. As an attorney, <mask> represented aviation inventor and high-tech pioneer Sherman Fairchild, who left <mask> a bequest in his will.<mask> was awarded an honorary degree by Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine, citing his years of government service, as well as his part-time residency in Maine. Alleged lover of Jackie Kennedy
<mask> sometimes attracted the attention of the press in his personal life, and he was often linked romantically to former First Lady Jackie Kennedy. A fellow Wall Street attorney offered for sale in the 1970s a trove of personal letters between <mask> and the former First Lady. The correspondence spanned five years. The controversial airing of his private correspondence with the former First Lady so annoyed <mask> that he formally requested that four letters written to him by the wife of Aristotle Onassis be withdrawn for sale by the auction house as they had been stolen from his New York City law office at Cravath. After her marriage to Aristotle Onassis, Jackie Kennedy Onassis wrote to <mask>: "I hope you know all you were and are and will ever be to me. With my love, J."<mask> maintained that he and the former First Lady had been only friends, although he was her frequent escort and many press accounts suggested they had a romantic relationship. "In private," said The Independent in its obituary, "he was widely believed to have been the lover of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis." Between marriages, <mask> had frequently accompanied the former First Lady to Palm Beach, Florida, where <mask> had a home. Watergate
Another strange twist involved <mask> after his death, when a 2008 book by former acting director of the FBI L. Patrick Gray alleged that <mask>, back in private practice and with Time magazine as a client at the time of the Watergate break-in, learned from sources at the magazine that a senior official at the FBI was leaking to Sandy Smith, one of its reporters. Gray claimed that outraged by such behavior, <mask> tipped off Nixon administration officials to the identity of the official. In Gray's version of events, <mask> called his acquaintance former Attorney General John Mitchell and told Mitchell that the informer was FBI official W. Mark Felt, the same official later identified by other sources to be Deep Throat. Mitchell in turn, Gray claimed, urged then-Attorney General Richard G. Kleindienst to pressure Gray to fire Felt.In early 2008, <mask>'s son John threw cold water on the claim. <mask> <mask> had never mentioned knowing John Mitchell, his son told The New York Times. But as recorded by the then-secret Nixon White House taping system, Nixon, Gray and chief domestic adviser John Ehrlichman appear to confirm Gray's version in a conversation recorded on February 16, 1973 as the three discussed the alleged press leaks by Mark Felt. During the discussion, Nixon suggested that they bring in Felt's accuser:

President: Well, why don't you get in the fellow that's made the charge, then. Ehrlichman: Well, maybe that's (unintelligible)
President: Of course he's, of course he's, he's not a newsman, on the other hand. Ehrlichman: No. President: He's a lawyer...
Ehrlichman: That's right.President: ...for Time. Gray: I know who he is, Mr. President. Federal Reserve and philanthropy
<mask> served as chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and was a longtime trustee of the New York Public Library, New York University and the Woodrow Wilson Foundation. He also served as a vice chairman and trustee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and chaired the Metropolitan Museum of Art's 100th Anniversary Committee. <mask> was also a longtime member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He retired as partner with Cravath, Swaine & Moore, where he served as presiding partner from 1966 to 1977. <mask> had many clients; they included the Graham family of The Washington Post Company, on whose board of directors he sat.<mask> was also a lecturer at Yale Law School, and a member of Yale University Council from 1957 to 1962. Private life
For much of his life he lived on Sutton Place in Manhattan. An avid tennis player and sailor, <mask> had three children. He was married five times. At his death, he was married to Miriam Thorne <mask>, the widow of diplomat Landon Ketchum Thorne, Jr., father of Julia Thorne, first wife of United States Senator John F. Kerry. <mask> died of prostate cancer on March 15, 1996, in New York City, and was buried in Somesville, Mount Desert Island, Maine, where he had a summer home. <mask>'s papers during his government service are part of the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library.References

Further reading
 The Wise Men: Six Friends and the World They Made, (1986). Walter Isaacson, Evan Thomas, Simon and Schuster, New York,
 Allison, Graham (1971). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis, 1ed. Little Brown. .
 Allison, Graham and Zelikow, Philip (1999). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis, 2ed. Longman. . External links

Honorary Degree, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, 1963
Oral History Interview with <mask> <mask>, from the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library
Oral history interview with <mask> L<mask>, 1993 July 20-21 from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Archives, New York.United States Deputy Secretaries of Defense
Kennedy administration personnel
American people of the Vietnam War
20th-century American lawyers
New York (state) lawyers
Cravath, Swaine & Moore partners
Hotchkiss School alumni
Yale Law School alumni
Yale University alumni
People from Brooklyn
Leavitt family
1906 births
1996 deaths

masks:
Roswell Leavitt Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Walter Hodges Gilpatric
Roswell Gilpatric
George Roswell Leavitt
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Roswell
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Gilpatric
Roswell
Gilpatric
Roswell
. Gilpatric


text_chunks:
<mask> (born May 31, 1998) is an American professional racing driver. He competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 26 Toyota Supra for Sam Hunt Racing. He also competes part-time in the IndyCar Series, driving the No. 23 for Dreyer & Reinbold Racing. He has previously raced in the FIA Formula 2 Championship. Career

Lower formulae
At 14 years old, <mask> made his professional debut in the SBF2000 Winter Series season, winning three out of ten races in the season, with a further three podiums.In 2013 <mask> made a mid-season debut in the F2000 Championship Series, finishing 5th place in the championship. The following year the American competed in five races in German Formula Three for EuroInternational, scoring 2nd in his fourth. He also completed three races in British Formula 3 for Fortec Motorsport, scoring a pole and two wins as well as the end of European Formula 3 season, again for EuroInternational. <mask> is the youngest winner in British Formula 3 History

Reuniting with Fortec, <mask> participated in the Macau Grand Prix. <mask> finished the main race in 8th. FIA Formula 3 European Championship
At the start of the year, <mask> competed in the Toyota Racing Series for Giles Motorsport. <mask> finished the season 3rd overall, scoring his only win at Manfeild and scoring 5 other podiums.<mask> returned to European Formula 3, this time with Mücke Motorsport, finishing 11th overall and scoring his only podium in Formula 3 at Spa. At the end of the year, <mask> once again raced in the Macau Grand Prix, this time finishing 6th in the main race. GP3 Series
<mask> moved to the GP3 Series with newcomers DAMS. <mask>'s best result was a 3rd in the sprint race at Spa-Francorchamps and ended the season 12th in the standings. In February 2017, DAMS retained <mask> for a second GP3 season. He only competed in the first three events, and scored points in only the first two races, before making a switch to Formula 2. FIA Formula 2 Championship
<mask> made his Formula 2 debut in Hungary and finished the remainder of the year with Trident, with ninth his best result for a race and 22nd in the season standings.For the 2018 season <mask> remained in Formula 2 for 2018, competing alongside Arjun Maini at Trident. In July, <mask> was banned from four F2 races (Hungary and Belgium) after making deliberate contact with his teammate Maini after the Sprint Race at Silverstone on the weekend of the British Grand Prix. He was also disqualified from the Sprint Race results at Silverstone for a separate incident when he deliberately forced Maini off the track. He was also found to have driven his car between the F2 and F1 paddock without one glove and while holding his phone, which resulted in a €6,000 fine. On July 18, <mask> was summarily fired by the Trident F2 team, citing behavioral issues, and non-payment of money required by contract. Trident alleged that money had been made available for the Detroit IndyCar race, whilst noting that <mask> had defaulted on F2 debt to them. An Italian court subsequently ordered <mask> to pay Trident €502,000, plus interest and legal fees, for failing to make payments.Six days later, Trident announced that their GP3 Series driver Alessio Lorandi would be his replacement for the rest of the season. <mask> finished 19th in the standings, with seven points and a best result of sixth in the Baku Sprint race. Formula One

After confirmation of <mask>'s entry into the 2016 GP3 Series, he became a test and reserve driver for the Haas F1 Team alongside Ferrari Driver Academy member and GP3 champion, Charles Leclerc. <mask> got his first taste of F1 machinery when he tested for Haas at Silverstone after the British Grand Prix. Haas retained <mask> as development driver for 2017 and 2018. IndyCar Series

2018
In June 2018, <mask> made his debut in the IndyCar Series at the Detroit Grand Prix for Dale Coyne Racing as a substitute for Pietro Fittipaldi. <mask> retired from his first race after colliding with Charlie Kimball on lap 56.After his departure from Formula 2, <mask> contested the final two rounds of the IndyCar Series season with Dale Coyne Racing. 2019

<mask> signed with Coyne to contest the full 2019 IndyCar Series season driving the No. 19 Cly-Del Honda. In his season debut at the Grand Prix of St. Petersburg, <mask> recorded a Top-10 finish, bringing his car home in 9th position. At the Indianapolis Grand Prix, he posted his second Top-10 finish of the IndyCar season heading into preparations for his first Indianapolis 500 effort. After qualifying 23rd for the Indy 500, <mask> moved through the 33 car field to finish in 7th position, earning him Rookie of the Year honors in his first-ever race at the Indianapolis 500. Three races later, <mask> recorded his best career IndyCar finish by taking the checkered flag in 4th position at Texas Motor Speedway.2020
After teammate Sébastien Bourdais's departure from Dale Coyne Racing, <mask> moved to Bourdais's No. 18 SealMaster Honda for the 2020 season. He finished 4th at the Indianapolis 500, and scored five top 5s out of 14 races, to finish 13th in points. 2021
<mask> signed with Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing to run a third car sponsored by Hyvee at the 2021 Indianapolis 500. Ferucci drove the car to sixth place, the highest of any of the RLL drivers in the race. <mask>'s results at the Indy 500 earned him four additional drives with RLL at Detroit, Mid Ohio, and Nashville. <mask> recorded top-ten finishes at both races in Detroit as well as Mid Ohio but also crashed the #45 car in such a manner that the team could not fix it in time for the second Detroit race, forcing him to run with a car that used what was still drivable off of #45 car and Takuma Sato's backup/superspeedway car.<mask> expressed to Bobby Rahal that he would be open to a full-time return to IndyCar if Rahal were to give him a drive in the third RLL car. RLL ultimately chose Alpine Academy driver Christian Lundgaard to drive their third car full time, ending <mask>'s tenure with the team. 2022
<mask> signed with Dreyer & Reinbold Racing to compete in the 2022 Indianapolis 500 alongside Sage Karam. NASCAR
On January 8, 2021, it was confirmed that <mask> would run a 20-race schedule piloting the No. 26 Toyota Supra for Sam Hunt Racing for the upcoming NASCAR Xfinity Series season. <mask> had limited stock car racing experience prior to NASCAR, with his lone foray being a super late model test with Fury Race Cars in 2020. Other racing
In January 2021, <mask> made his midget car racing debut in the Chili Bowl for Dave Mac Motorsports.He failed to finish his G Feature race and was classified in tenth. Personal life
<mask> was born in Woodbury, Connecticut, to Mike and <mask>. Growing up, his racing idol was Michael Schumacher. Controversy

In 2018, <mask> was deemed guilty of having deliberately used his vehicle as a weapon, intentionally colliding into fellow driver Arjun Maini in the aftermath of the Silverstone Formula 2 sprint race, subsequently having no-showed the steward's post-race hearing when called to account before penalized a two-race ban by the International Motor Sport Federation governing body, FiA. Following the race, his team Trident Racing released a series of tweets criticizing the behavior of <mask> and his father Michael towards Maini. <mask> was accused of systemic racism in the abuse of racially-charged epithets directed toward Maini, insulting his Indian heritage. <mask>  attempted a publicity stunt which violated international sporting code, attempting to compete for the purpose of a provocative, politically charged livery including the slogan "TRUMP -- Make America Great Again" in the two Silverstone heats, but was refused permission by race officials, advertising political in nature banned under the International Sporting Code.He was later fired from Trident due to sponsorship complications. Karting record

Karting career summary

Racing record

Career summary

† As <mask> was a guest driver, he was ineligible to score championship points. * Season still in progress. Complete FIA Formula 3 European Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Complete Toyota Racing Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Complete GP3 Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

† Driver did not finish the race but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance. Complete FIA Formula 2 Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate points for the fastest lap of top ten finishers)

† Driver did not finish the race but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance. American open-wheel racing results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

IndyCar Series
(key)

Indianapolis 500

NASCAR
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time.* – Most laps led.) Xfinity Series

 Season still in progress
 Ineligible for series points

References

External links

1998 births
Living people
Racing drivers from Connecticut
American people of Italian descent
British Formula Three Championship drivers
FIA Formula 3 European Championship drivers
German Formula Three Championship drivers
Karting World Championship drivers
People from Woodbury, Connecticut
Toyota Racing Series drivers
GP3 Series drivers from the United States
FIA Formula 2 Championship drivers
IndyCar Series drivers
Indianapolis 500 drivers
Indianapolis 500 Rookies of the Year
Auto racing controversies
EuroInternational drivers
Fortec Motorsport drivers
Mücke Motorsport drivers
DAMS drivers
Trident Racing drivers
Dale Coyne Racing drivers
Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing drivers

masks:
Santino Michael Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Valerie Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci
Ferrucci


text_chunks:
is a Japanese professional wrestler. Since his debut, he has wrestled primarily for New Japan Pro-Wrestling, where he is one half of the IWGP Heavyweight Tag Team Champions, alongside Yoshi-Hashi. He is also known for being the longest reigning NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Champion with Tomohiro Ishii and Yoshi-Hashi, a two-time IWGP Intercontinental Champion, one-time IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Champion, five-time NEVER Openweight Champion, one-time winner of the G1 Climax (2008), three-time winner of the World Tag League (2012, 2014, and 2021), and a record three-time winner of the New Japan Cup (2009, 2010, and 2012). Early life
Goto attended Kuwana Kogyo High School in Kuwana, Mie, where he was classmates with Katsuyori Shibata. Goto later attended Kokushikan University, where he took part in freestyle wrestling and Greco-Roman wrestling. Professional wrestling career

New Japan Pro-Wrestling

Junior heavyweight (2003–2005)
Goto's first approach to pro wrestling was Fire pro Wrestling videogame. Then, he started watching JPW, NJPW, AJPW, and Michinoku Pro.Upon graduating, Goto qualified to join New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), but left the promotion after incurring a shoulder injury. He returned to NJPW in November 2002 after healing and began training in the NJPW dojo. He debuted on July 6, 2003, in Gifu, Gifu, wrestling Ryusuke Taguchi. The two men competed in the junior heavyweight division, and teamed together the same year to try to take the vacant IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship in a tournament, but were defeated in the final by veterans Gedo and Jado. In early 2005, he won the NJPW Young Lion Cup, defeating Hiroyuki Itō in the tournament final. After turning heel and joining Jyushin Thunder Liger's "Control Terrorism Unit" ("C.T.U.") stable, Goto adopted the ring name "C.T.U Ranger Red".He won his first championship on May 15, 2005, teaming with Minoru to defeat Koji Kanemoto and Wataru Inoue in the Tokyo Dome for the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship. The duo held the titles for nine months, losing to El Samurai and Ryusuke Taguchi on February 19, 2006 in Tokyo. Foreign excursion (2006–2007)
In 2006, <mask> joined the American Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) promotion as a member of Team Japan (consisting of CTU members <mask>, Jyushin Thunder Liger, Black Tiger and Minoru), one of the four teams competing in the TNA 2006 World X Cup Tournament. He debuted in TNA on April 23, 2006 at Lockdown, where he teamed with Black Tiger and Minoru against Team USA members Sonjay Dutt, Jay Lethal and Alex Shelley. Team Japan defeated USA when Black Tiger pinned Lethal. On the April 27, 2006, episode of TNA Impact!, <mask> and Minoru lost to Dutt and Shelley, giving a first round victory and two points to Team USA. On May 14, 2006 at Sacrifice, <mask> and the other members of Team Japan accompanied Liger to ringside, assisting him in his victory over Team Canada captain Petey Williams.Later that night, all four members of Team Japan took part in a gauntlet match that was won by Team Canada captain Petey Williams. The 2006 World X Cup was won by Team USA (with five points), with Team Japan coming last with three points. On August 1, 2006, <mask> left for a lengthy learning excursion to Mexico after losing in a farewell match at the CTU 2nd Anniversary Show. While in Mexico he wrestled primarily for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre and for Último Dragón's Toryumon Mexico. During his time in Mexico, he formed a rudo unit Hajime Ohara and Shigeo Okumura in CMLL. RISE (2007–2009)
In August 2007, <mask> returned to New Japan after his almost one-year stay in Mexico. Upon his return, the now much more muscular Goto graduated from a Jr. heavyweight to a Heavyweight.Goto showed a great deal of promise and skill since last seen in July 2006. He showcased a whole new moveset and he quickly tried to establish himself as one of the top Heavyweights in New Japan. Not that far into his return Goto join the Stable "R.I.S.E" with Shinsuke Nakamura, Travis Tomko, Giant Bernard, and fellow former CTU teammates Minoru, Milano Collection AT, and Prince Devitt. On November 11, he challenged Hiroshi Tanahashi for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, but after a long and hard-fought match, Tanahashi would win with the Texas Cloverleaf. Shortly after that Goto entered the 2007 G1 Tag League with Milano Collection AT, but the pair would finish in third place. In 2008 Goto wrestled one of his childhood idols, The Great Muta at New Japan's annual January 4 Tokyo Dome Show. Although having a good showing, Goto would fall to Muta.<mask>'s progress was good through 2008 but a surprise victory in New Japan's prestigious G1 Climax in August surpassed everyone's expectations. Goto earned 8 points in Block B, tied for first with Nakamura, but he advanced to the final due to a direct win over the former IWGP champion and RISE leader. Meeting Togi Makabe in the final, Goto overcame outside interference and blood loss to defeat the leader of the Great Bash Heel (G.B.H.) faction, pinning him with the Shouten. In March 2009 <mask> defeated Karl Anderson, Shinsuke Nakamura, Yuji Nagata and Giant Bernard to win the 2009 New Japan Cup and earn a shot at Hiroshi Tanahashi's IWGP Heavyweight Championship. On May 3, 2009, at Wrestling Dontaku 2009, Tanahashi defeated <mask> to retain the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. Tournament wins (2010–2013)
On January 4, 2010, at Wrestle Kingdom IV in Tokyo Dome, Takashi Sugiura successfully defended his GHC Heavyweight Championship against <mask>.In March, <mask> defeated Yujiro Takahashi, Masato Tanaka and Togi Makabe to win the 2010 New Japan Cup for the second year in a row. Goto went on to challenge the IWGP Heavyweight Champion Shinsuke Nakamura on April 4, but would once again fail in his attempt to win the title. On June 28, 2010, <mask>, teaming up with Prince Devitt and Ryusuke Taguchi entered the J Sports Crown Openweight 6 Man Tag Tournament. Two days later the trio defeated Hiroshi Tanahashi, Tajiri and Kushida in the finals to win the tournament. During August's G1 Climax Goto debuted a new finishing maneuver, a cross-legged cradle, which he initially titled as Goto Special but was later renamed Goto-Shiki Hold (Goto Style Hold), has earned him pinfall victories over former IWGP Heavyweight Champions Yuji Nagata and Shinsuke Nakamura, but a loss to eventual G1 winner Satoshi Kojima on the final day of the tournament dropped him fourth in his block, narrowly missing the finals. On October 11 <mask> defeated Shinsuke Nakamura to earn the right to challenge for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. However, the reigning IWGP Heavyweight Champion Satoshi Kojima vetoed the result of the match and named Nakamura his first challenger for the belt.On December 11, while Kojima successfully defended his title against Nakamura, <mask> was derailed from his quest to win the IWGP Heavyweight Championship with a loss against Hiroshi Tanahashi. The following day Kojima defeated <mask> in a non–title match, ending <mask>'s dream of main eventing Wrestle Kingdom V in Tokyo Dome. Instead, <mask> teamed with the returning Kazuchika Okada in a tag team match, where they were defeated by Pro Wrestling Noah representatives Yoshihiro Takayama and Takashi Sugiura. On March 6 <mask> began his quest to win his third New Japan Cup in a row, but was defeated in the first round by Shinsuke Nakamura. On March 20, the final day of the tournament, <mask> turned heel by abandoning IWGP Heavyweight Champion Hiroshi Tanahashi during a tag team match against Satoshi Kojima and MVP. This marked Goto's final appearance for New Japan, before leaving for his second excursion to Mexico. <mask> made his return to CMLL on March 25 and would, for the next month, work for the promotion as a heel, culminating in a match on April 29 at Arena México's 55th anniversary show, where he unsuccessfully challenged Último Guerrero for the CMLL World Heavyweight Championship in a Two Out of Three Falls match.<mask> returned to New Japan on May 3, when he teamed with Tama Tonga to defeat Takashi Sugiura and Makoto Hashi in a tag team match. Later in the event, <mask> attacked and declared a war on Hiroshi Tanahashi after he had successfully defended the IWGP Heavyweight Championship against Shinsuke Nakamura. <mask> would once again fail in his IWGP Heavyweight Championship challenge on June 18, 2011. After the match, <mask> and Tanahashi seemingly made peace with each other, with Tanahashi suggesting that they go for the IWGP Tag Team Championship together. On June 23, <mask>, Prince Devitt and Ryusuke Taguchi won their second J Sports Crown Openweight 6 Man Tag Tournament in a row by defeating the team of Giant Bernard, Jyushin Thunder Liger and Karl Anderson in the finals of the three-day-long tournament. On July 3 <mask> and Tanahashi failed in their attempt to capture the IWGP Tag Team Championship from Giant Bernard and Karl Anderson. On August 1, <mask> entered the 2011 G1 Climax, where he went on to win six out of his nine matches, but a loss to Strong Man on the final day of the tournament dropped him to second place in his block, causing him to narrowly miss the finals of the tournament.In the 2011 G1 Tag League, <mask> teamed with Hiroshi Tanahashi as "The Billion Powers". After picking up two wins and two losses in their first four matches in the group stage of the tournament, <mask> and Tanahashi defeated the Beast Combination (Satoshi Kojima and Togi Makabe) on November 4 to advance to the semifinals of the tournament. On November 6, <mask> and Tanahashi were eliminated from the tournament in the semifinals by Bad Intentions. On November 12 at Power Struggle, <mask> unsuccessfully challenged Masato Tanaka for the IWGP Intercontinental Championship. On January 4, 2012, at Wrestle Kingdom VI in Tokyo Dome, <mask> reignited his rivalry with Pro Wrestling Noah's Takashi Sugiura, defeating him in a singles match. On February 12 at The New Beginning, <mask> defeated Masato Tanaka to win the IWGP Intercontinental Championship for the first time. <mask> made his first title defense on March 11, defeating Yujiro Takahashi.On April 1, Goto entered the 2012 New Japan Cup. After victories over Yujiro Takahashi, La Sombra and Togi Makabe, Goto defeated Hiroshi Tanahashi on April 8 in the finals to win the tournament for the third time and earn another shot at the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. On May 3 at Wrestling Dontaku 2012, Goto unsuccessfully challenged Kazuchika Okada for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. On May 20, <mask> made his second successful defense of the IWGP Intercontinental Championship against Tomohiro Ishii. On July 22, <mask> lost the title to Shinsuke Nakamura in his third defense. On October 8 at King of Pro-Wrestling, <mask> received a rematch for the title, but was again defeated by Nakamura. On November 11 at Power Struggle, Goto unsuccessfully challenged Kazuchika Okada for the right to challenge for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship at the Tokyo Dome.From November 20 to December 1, <mask> took part in the round-robin portion of the 2012 World Tag League, alongside Karl Anderson under the team name "Sword & Guns". The team finished with a record of four wins and two losses, finishing second in their block and advancing to the semifinals of the tournament. On December 2, <mask> and Anderson defeated Tencozy (Hiroyoshi Tenzan and Satoshi Kojima) to advance to the finals of the tournament, where, later that same day, they defeated the reigning IWGP Tag Team Champions, K.E.S. (Davey Boy Smith Jr. and Lance Archer), to win the tournament. Sword & Guns received their shot at the IWGP Tag Team Championship on January 4, 2013, at Wrestle Kingdom 7 in Tokyo Dome, but were defeated in a rematch by K.E.S. Storyline with Katsuyori Shibata (2013–2015)
In February 2013, Goto made a challenge towards former high school classmate Katsuyori Shibata, which led to a tag team match on February 10, where he and Wataru Inoue were defeated by Shibata and Kazushi Sakuraba. Afterwards, <mask> and Shibata had a heated confrontation, building to a future singles match between the two.In March, <mask> once again made it to the finals of the New Japan Cup, before losing to Kazuchika Okada. <mask> and Shibata finally faced off in a singles match on May 3 at Wrestling Dontaku 2013, which ended in a draw. A rematch between the two took place on June 22 at Dominion 6.22, where Shibata was victorious. A third match between the two on July 20 ended in another draw. During early August, <mask> participated in the 2013 G1 Climax. On August 8, however, it was revealed that <mask> had suffered a fractured jaw and was pulled from the tournament. He was leading the A block with four wins (which included a big win over IWGP Heavyweight Champion Kazuchika Okada) and two losses and had  three matches left when he was pulled from the G1.<mask> returned on December 8, challenging Katsuyori Shibata to a match at Wrestle Kingdom 8 in Tokyo Dome. On January 4, 2014, <mask> defeated Shibata in his return match. The match ended the rivalry between <mask> and Shibata and led to the two forming a tag team. The following day, <mask> scored the pinfall in an eight-man tag team main event against Chaos, after which he challenged Kazuchika Okada to a match for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. On February 11 at The New Beginning in Osaka, <mask> received his seventh

masks: Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto


text_chunks:
 shot at the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, but was yet again unsuccessful in capturing the title. Afterwards, <mask> and Shibata entered the IWGP Tag Team Championship picture, defeating the reigning champions, Bullet Club (Doc Gallows and Karl Anderson), in a non-title match at New Japan's 42nd anniversary event on March 6. They received their title shot on April 6 at Invasion Attack 2014, but were defeated by Gallows and Anderson.From July 21 to August 8, <mask> took part in the 2014 G1 Climax, where he finished with a record of four wins and six losses. During the tournament final event on August 10, <mask> and Shibata faced off in another singles match, where Shibata was victorious. <mask> then entered a storyline, where he started leading a counterattack against the Bullet Club and Chaos stables, with the goal of revitalizing the New Japan Seikigun ("regular army"), which he represented alongside the likes of Shibata and Hiroshi Tanahashi. On November 8 at Power Struggle, <mask> received his first shot at the NEVER Openweight Championship, but was defeated by the defending champion, Tomohiro Ishii. Later in the month, <mask> and Shibata entered the 2014 World Tag League, where they opened with a three match losing streak, only to come back and win their four remaining matches, winning their block and advancing to the finals. On December 7, <mask> and Shibata defeated Doc Gallows and Karl Anderson in the finals to win the 2014 World Tag League. This led to a rematch between the two teams on January 4, 2015, at Wrestle Kingdom 9 in Tokyo Dome, where <mask> and Shibata defeated Anderson and Gallows to become the new IWGP Tag Team Champions.<mask> and Shibata's reign ended in their first defense on February 11 at The New Beginning in Osaka, where they were defeated by Anderson and Gallows. On March 8, <mask> and Shibata once again faced off in the second round of the 2015 New Japan Cup in a match, where Goto was victorious. <mask> eventually made it to the finals of the tournament on March 15, where he was defeated by Kota Ibushi. On May 3 at Wrestling Dontaku 2015, <mask> defeated Shinsuke Nakamura to win the IWGP Intercontinental Championship for the second time. <mask> made his first title defense on July 5 at Dominion 7.5 in Osaka-jo Hall, defeating Nakamura in a rematch. From July 23 to August 15, <mask> took part in the 2015 G1 Climax. After six victories, one of which came over reigning IWGP Heavyweight Champion Kazuchika Okada, Goto entered the final day with a chance to advance from his block, but was eliminated after suffering his third loss of the tournament against Yuji Nagata.Through NJPW's working relationship with the Ring of Honor (ROH) promotion, <mask> returned to the United States on August 21, teaming with Jay Briscoe and Mark Briscoe in a six-man tag team match, where they defeated Okada, Beretta and Rocky Romero. <mask>'s Intercontinental Championship reign ended on September 27 at Destruction in Kobe, when he was defeated by Shinsuke Nakamura in another title rematch. Chaos (2016–present)

After defeating Tetsuya Naito on January 4, 2016, at Wrestle Kingdom 10 in Tokyo Dome, <mask> received his eighth shot at the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, but yet again failed to win the title, being defeated by the defending champion, Kazuchika Okada, on February 11 at The New Beginning in Osaka. <mask> went into the match with new attire, painting his body white and covering himself with script. Following the match, Okada offered Goto a spot in the Chaos stable. Over the next several events, Okada tried to shake hands with Goto and get him to join Chaos on multiple occasions, but was turned down each time. In March, <mask> made it to the finals of the 2016 New Japan Cup, but was defeated there by Tetsuya Naito.After the final match, Goto finally agreed to shake hands with Okada, after he saved him from a post-match assault by Naito and his Los Ingobernables de Japón stable, and joined Chaos. From July 18 to August 12, <mask> took part in the round-robin portion of the 2016 G1 Climax, where he won his block, besting both Hiroshi Tanahashi and reigning IWGP Heavyweight Champion Kazuchika Okada, with a record of six wins and three losses, advancing to the finals. On August 14, <mask> was defeated in the finals by Kenny Omega. At the end of the year, <mask> took part in the 2016 World Tag League, teaming with Chaos stablemate Tomohiro Ishii. The two finished the tournament with a record of four wins and three losses, failing to advance to the finals due to losing to block winners Togi Makabe and Tomoaki Honma in their final round-robin match. On January 4, 2017, at Wrestle Kingdom 11 in Tokyo Dome, <mask> defeated Katsuyori Shibata to win the NEVER Openweight Championship for the first time. <mask> made his first successful title defense on February 5 at The New Beginning in Sapporo against Juice Robinson.His second defense took place at the NJPW and ROH co-produced Honor Rising: Japan 2017 event, where he defeated ROH wrestler Punisher Martinez. On April 9 at Sakura Genesis 2017, <mask> made his third successful defense against Zack Sabre Jr., despite outside interference from Sabre's Suzuki-gun stablemates Minoru Suzuki and El Desperado. Afterwards, Goto brawled with Suzuki, setting up his next title defense. On April 27, <mask> lost the NEVER Openweight Championship to Suzuki. On June 11 at Dominion 6.11 in Osaka-jo Hall, he failed to reclaim the title in a rematch against Suzuki in a Lumberjack Deathmatch. The following month, <mask> entered the 2017 G1 Climax, where he finished with a record of five wins and four losses, failing to advance from his block. At the end of the year, <mask> teamed with Yoshi-Hashi in the 2017 World Tag League.Finishing with a record of four wins and three losses, the team failed to qualify for the finals, after losing to Evil and Sanada in their final round-robin match. On January 4, 2018, <mask> defeated Minoru Suzuki in a Hair vs. Hair match to win the NEVER Openweight Championship, forcing Suzuki to have his head shaved bald. On January 5, 2018, at New Year's Dash, he was challenged to a title match by Evil, which he accepted. The match took place on February 10, 2018 at The New Beginning in Osaka, where <mask> was victorious. On February 23, 2018, <mask> made his second successful defense of the NEVER Openweight Championship against The Beer City Bruiser at the NJPW and ROH co-produced Honor Rising: Japan 2018 event. On April 27, 2018, at Road to Wrestling Dontaku, <mask> made his third successful defense of the NEVER Openweight championship in a rematch with Juice Robinson.On June 9, 2018 at Dominion 6.9 in Osaka-jo hall, Goto lost the NEVER Openweight Championship to Michael Elgin in a 3-way match which also involved Taichi, ending his second reign at 156 days. On June 17, 2018 at Kizuna Road, <mask> defeated Elgin in a rematch for the NEVER Openweight Championship to win back the title <mask> made his first successful title defence against Jeff Cobb at G1 Special in San Francisco. From July 14 to August 12 <mask> took part in the G1 Climax 2018 and he ended up with 3 wins and 6 losses, failing to advance to the finals. On the final day of the G1 Climax, a returning Taichi later challenged him for the NEVER Openweight Championship, which Goto accepted. On September 17, at Destruction in Beppu, <mask> lost the NEVER Openweight Championship to Taichi in his second defense. On October 27, <mask> requested for a rematch for the NEVER Openweight Championship, replacing his Chaos stablemate Will Ospreay, who was scheduled to challenge Taichi at Power Struggle for the title but was unable to do so due to Ospreay suffering an injury. Taichi, however, waved off <mask>'s challenge and declined immediately.Despite this, the title match was eventually still set at Power struggle which took place on November 3. At the event, <mask> defeated Taichi to win the NEVER Openweight Championship for the fourth time. <mask> would lose the belt to Kota Ibushi on December 9, without having any defenses. 2019 would see Goto change effectively. After some massive losses, including one to Jay White on April 29, <mask> would travel to the United States to train under Shibata's LA Dojo system to improve as he also briefly wrestled for Ring of Honor during their War Of The Worlds series. From July 6 until August 11, 2019, <mask> returned and took part in the 2019 G1 Climax, where he finished the tournament with a record of five wins (one against Jay White) and four losses, failing to advance to the finals of the tournament, due to losing to Shingo Takagi in their head-to-head match. <mask> would avenge his loss to Shingo at September's Destruction in Kobe however.In the same event, he would challenge White for his newly won Intercontinental Championship, although White repeatedly refused, the match was set up anyway for Power Struggle, where <mask> would lose. From November 16 until December 8, <mask> and Karl Fredericks took part in the 2019 World Tag League, failing to win the tournament with a record of three wins and twelve losses. Afterward, <mask> began feuding with KENTA. Throughout the 2019 World Tag League, KENTA began mocking Goto after his matches, leading <mask> to attack him on November 29. Despite being attacked by Goto, KENTA continued to mock Goto leading him to attack KENTA again on December 8. At a press conference the following day, Goto drew the ire of KENTA, after calling into question his in-ring abilities, leading KENTA to return the favor and attack him. On January 5, 2020, on the second night of Wrestle Kingdom 14 in Tokyo Dome, Goto defeated KENTA to win the NEVER Openweight Championship for the fifth time.He lost the title to Shingo Takagi on February 1, at The New Beginning in Sapporo. In June, <mask> took part in the 2020 New Japan Cup, being eliminated from the tournament by EVIL in the second round. On August 9, <mask>, Ishii & Yoshi-Hashi defeated fellow CHAOS stablemates Kazuchika Okada, Toru Yano & Sho in a tournament final to win NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Championship. From September 19 until October 17, Goto took part in the 2020 G1 Climax, finishing the tournament with a record of four wins and five losses, failing to advance to the finals of the tournament. During the tournament, <mask> and Toru Yano broke the record of the shortest match in the tournament's history with the match lasting 18 seconds, surpassing the record held by Kenzo Suzuki against Tadao Yasuda in the 2002 tournament, which their match lasted 37 seconds. From November 15 until December 6, <mask> and Yoshi-Hashi took part in the 2020 World Tag League, finishing the tournament with a record of five wins and four losses, failing to advance to the finals of the tournament. In March 2021, Goto took part in the 2021 New Japan Cup, losing in the second round to eventual finalist Shingo Takagi on March 13.From September 19 to October 20, <mask> took part in the 2021 G1 Climax, where he finished with a record of three wins and six losses, failing to advance to the finals of the tournament. <mask>, Ishii & Yoshi-Hashi's reign would break the record for the longest reign as champions at 454 days and the most successful title defenses with 9 defenses, before losing the titles to House of Torture (EVIL, Sho & Yujiro Takahashi) on November 6 at Power Struggle. From November 14 to December 12, <mask> took part in the round-robin portion of the 2021 World Tag League, alongside Yoshi-Hashi. The team finished with a record of nine wins and two losses, advancing to the finals of the tournament. On December 15, <mask> & Yoshi-Hashi defeated EVIL & Yujiro Takahashi in the finals to win the 2021 World Tag League. On January 4, 2022, on the first night of Wrestle Kingdom 16, <mask> and Yoshi-Hashi defeated Taichi & Zack Sabre Jr. to win the IWGP Tag Team Championship. Other media
<mask> made his acting debut in 2016 with a cameo appearance as a gangster in the Indonesian action film Headshot.In 2020, <mask> appeared in Kamen Rider Zero-One the Movie: Real×Time as Buga, a computer avatar and one of the users of the Kamen Rider Abaddon powers. Championships and accomplishments

New Japan Pro-Wrestling
IWGP Intercontinental Championship (2 times)
IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Minoru
IWGP Tag Team Championship (2 times, current) – with Katsuyori Shibata (1) and Yoshi-Hashi (1, current)
NEVER Openweight Championship (5 times)
NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Yoshi-Hashi and Tomohiro Ishii
G1 Climax (2008)
New Japan Cup (2009, 2010, 2012)
World Tag League (2012) – with Karl Anderson
World Tag League (2014) – with Katsuyori Shibata
World Tag League (2021) – with Yoshi-Hashi
Young Lion Cup (2005)
J Sports Crown Openweight 6 Man Tag Tournament (2010, 2011) – with Prince Devitt and Ryusuke Taguchi
Samurai! TV Openweight Tag Tournament (2005) – with Yuji Nagata
Jr. Heavyweight Tag MVP Award (2005) – with Minoru
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Ranked No. 35 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2010
Toryumon Mexico
NWA International Junior Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Yamaha Cup (2007)

Luchas de Apuestas record

References

External links

 Puroresu Central profile

1979 births
Living people
Japanese male professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from Mie Prefecture
Chaos (professional wrestling) members
IWGP Intercontinental champions
NEVER Openweight

masks: Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto Goto


text_chunks:
<mask> (born Kreszentia Elfinger:  27 July 1884 – 10 March 1962) was a political activist who was involved, with her husband, <mask>, in the Munich Soviet ("workers' council") of 1919. Fifteen years later, after her husband had been murdered in the Oranienburg concentration camp near Berlin, she made her way to Moscow, hoping to arrange for the publication of her husband's political writings. Eight months after her arrival, identified as a "Trotskyist spy" she was caught up in the political purges of the late 1930s and first arrested in April 1936. She was unable to leave the Soviet Union for another eighteen years, spending much (though not all) of that time in prisons or labour camps. She survived. Life

Provenance and early years
Kreszentia Elfinger was born in the Hallertau countryside region of Bavaria, to the north of Munich. She was the fifth recorded child of the guesthouse keeper and hop farmer Augustin Elfinger.Her first job was as a domestic servant, working at the home of a local butcher:  she was dismissed after a few months. Moving to Munich she came across political exiles from Russia, following the failed 1905 revolution and organised welfare support. She was much affected by the tales told by exiled Russian students of fellow revolutionaries killed or exiled in Siberia. During this time she met and then moved in to live with the 24 year old artist and sculptor Ludwig Engler, employed as a domestic servant or, according to some bourgeois neighbourly gossip, illegally as a concubine. On 15 September 1915 she married the pacifist-anarchist writer <mask>. In 1917 her fifteen year old son Siegfried (born  16 October 1902), who up to this point had grown up with relatives, moved in with the couple. Siegfried's own paternity has never been made public:  the marriage with Mühsam would remain childless.The marriage was nevertheless a close and mutually supportive one. Weimar years
The end of the First World War was followed by months of revolutionary turmoil in many parts of Germany. In Munich a Soviet republic was declared in April 1919, led by Ernst Toller and other prominent left wingers and anarchists including <mask>. <mask> <mask> was his most fervent fellow activist before, during and after what turned out to be a six day period in power. They were both arrested and imprisoned, but <mask> was released whereas Erich was sentenced to fifteen years "confined in a fortress" where, it seems, he had a little more freedom than in a conventional prison:  he wrote numerous poems and, in 1920, published "Judas", his first play. Zenzl turned to campaigning on behalf of all the political prisoners detained following the short-lived Bavarian Soviet Republic uprising. One objective - widely shared, as matters turned out - was a more general amnesty, which the new democratic German government granted in 1923/24.During the early 1920s she was organising sewing meetings in support of "Russia Aid" ("Russland-Hilfe"), and she took part in the first congress of Red Aid ("Rote Hilfe"), a left-wing welfare organisation closely linked to the recently founded Communist Party. and to the Comintern in Moscow. It was here that she got to know Elena Stasova, a Russian communist whom one source identifies as "Lenin's former secretary". On 28 April 1923, while her husband was still in prison, <mask> <mask>  wrote a personal letter to Lenin asking that he arrange for <mask> to be transferred to Moscow. She even wrote to the papal nuncio, hoping to invoke papal intervention with the authorities. Nothing came directly out of her requests, but at the end of 1924 <mask> was released from prison, according to one source let out "early" by the Bavarian authorities because he was suffering from heart problems. The couple now relocated from Munich to Berlin.During the later 1920s and early 1930s the Mühsams lived and worked in Berlin with various politically like-minded comrades. They moved several times. At one stage they were living with the Communists Fritz Weigel and Willi Münzenberg in Berlin-Charlottenburg. Later they were greeted by Wilhelm Pieck's Red Aid team near Berlin's Anhalter Station. In 1927 they moved again, apparently to a home of their own in the Hufeisensiedlung (social housing estate) on the south side of the city centre. Nazi years and exile
Régime change in January 1933 marked a savage change in political direction as the Hitler government lost little time in transforming Germany into a one-party dictatorship. At the end of February 1933 the Reichstag fire was instantly blamed on "communists" and triggered a wave of arrests.<mask> had long enjoyed a frosty relationship with the Communist Party, but as a left-wing anarchist writer he was evidently high on the Nazi target list, and he was among the first to be arrested. Fifteen months later, on 10 July 1934, he died under torture at the Oranienburg concentration camp. Newly widowed, Zenzl <mask> turned to friends and comrades for support, notably Meta Kraus-Fessel (although the two quickly fell out). Keen to preserve both her husband's legacy and her own liberty, she transferred <mask>'s copious collection of papers to a comrade called Ernst Simmerling who was in turn able to pass them to the relatively safe care of his brother in law, Rudolf Rocker, an anarcho-syndicalist who around this time successfully fled to the United States. Zenzl <mask> herself relocated from Berlin to Dresden, relatively close to the German border with Czechoslovakia. Czechoslovakia at this stage was still an independent country, and its capital, Prague, was the destination of choice for a large number of political refugees keen to avoid imprisonment or worse in the new Germany. Her demands for a public investigation into her husband's death did not endear Zenzl <mask> to the Nazi authorities, and when she was warned by the American journalist, Dorothy Thompson, that she was about to be arrested by the Gestapo, on 15 July 1934 she crossed the border into Czechoslovakia.She was accompanied by her nephew, Joseph Elfinger, whose father had recently been sent to the Dachau concentration camp. In September 1934, with the help of a book dealer called Fritz Picard and Camill Hofmann, the Czechoslovak press attaché, she managed to smuggle her dead husband's papers into Prague as "diplomatic baggage". By this time she had already been able to report on the German Concentration Camps in front of international journalists, though it is not clear whether this attracted much notice. <mask>'s will had also been published, appointing Rudolf Rocker as joint literary executor in collaboration with Zenzl. In January 1935 she published "The Ordeal of Erich Mühsam". Back in Germany the government responded by removing her German citizenship. One place where <mask>'s murder had not gone unnoticed was Moscow.After rejecting several invitations to move to the Soviet Union, and despite comradely warnings about the dangers, she moved with her nephew to Moscow, arriving on 8 August 1935. One reason for her change of heart was the hope that in Moscow her nephew, Joseph Elfinger, would be able to find work. Her move to the Soviet Union had been anticipated by the publication by International Red Aid in Moscow of a "brochure" detailing the suffering of <mask> and the subsequent deprivation of German citizenship for his widow. On her arrival she was able to give lectures on the atrocities in Germany to large audiences of workers. In November 1935 she participated in an "<mask> memorial event". In February 1936 <mask>'s papers arrived in Moscow and were handed over to the Soviet authorities. Zenzl decided to remain in Moscow for another year to oversee their transfer to the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute.On 8 April or 23 April 1936 she was arrested, however, accused of "counter-revolutionary Trotskyite activities", and taken into Moscow's Lubyanka jail. In June 1936 the philosopher-scholar André Gide, visiting Moscow, enquired about the whereabouts of Zenzl <mask> but was given incorrect answers. In July 1936 Ruth Oesterreich, a communist activist from Berlin exiled, at this point, in Prague, urged to <mask>'s siblings in Palestine to launch an international campaign for <mask> <mask>'s release. In the meantime, Mühsam had been moved from the Lubyanka jail to the Butyrka prison, also in Moscow. However, the authorities were evidently not indifferent to international campaigns, and in October 1936 she was released, subject to the condition imposed by the NKVD law enforcement agency that she should not remain in Moscow. Also during 1936 her nephew Joseph Elfinger was arrested:  nothing more was heard of him. There was another round of political show trials in January 1937 including that of Karl Radek, which was attended by  .During his stay in Moscow Zenzl <mask> was able to visit him in his hotel. Later that year, in June, she concluded a deal with the Gorky Institute whereby she sold <mask>'s literary legacy in return for a monthly maintenance payment of 500 roubles. She retained certain authorship rights. In order to be able to publish <mask>'s "Unpolitischen Erinnerungen" ("Unpolitical Memories") and his "Jolly Gedichte" ("... poems") Zenzl set about researching in various institutes and libraries. In the Summer of 1938 she applied for an exit visa in order to visit the United States of America. Sources speculate that refusal of the application was intended to prevent her reporting the Stalin Show Trials and Soviet prison conditions in the west. War years
She was rearrested, probably in November 1938.However, it was only on 11 September 1939 that she was convicted of "belonging to a counter-revolutionary organisation, and for counter-revolutionary agitation". She was sentenced to eight years in a labour camp. Still in September she was taken to Labour Camp XV at Potma in Mordovia. However, she was returned to Moscow three months later, and returned to the Butyrka prison where she joined other German political detainees retrieved from the Gulag in order to be returned to the Gestapo in Germany. These included Carola Neher and Margarete Buber-Neumann. (A couple of months before, Hitler and Stalin had triggered widespread amazement when they had signed a non-aggression pact on behalf of their respective governments.) For whatever reason the German detainees gathered together in Moscow were never handed over to the Gestapo.In October 1940 she was taken to Labour Camp III at Yavas, back in Mordovia. War ended in May 1945 and in November 1946 she was released from the labour camp and deported to Kolchanova (near Novosibirsk), where she was required to remain "in perpetuity". In March 1947 she recognised a railway worker, with whose help she was smuggled back to Moscow where for a time she lived at the (by this time much degraded) Hotel Lux, integrating herself with German exiles awaiting repatriation. However, she was denounced to the authorities - according to one source by fellow German exile Roberta Gropper - and forbidden to remain in Moscow. During 1947/48 she reapplied for permission to return to "Germany" - in this case the large region surrounding Berlin which since May 1945 had been administered as the Soviet occupation zone. This was blocked, however reportedly by the Socialist Unity Party of Germany ("Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands" / SED), a new political party created in the occupation zone in April 1946 under controversial circumstances that had involved the "merger" into the new party of what had hitherto been the Communist Party of Germany. She moved out of Moscow to nearby (by Russian standards) Ivanovo where she found work in an orphanage.In Ivanovo she was rearrested in October 1949 and deported to the Omsk region where she was set to work on a collective farm and lived with the Götting family, surviving members of the Volga German community. Meanwhile Rudolf Rocker, who by this time had lived in the United States for many years, launched an international campaign for her release:
"Why Zenzl <mask> has been kept in Russian captivity for thirteen years – a time that not even eternity can give back to her – remains incomprehensible. It is possible that she was only used as a propaganda tool from the beginning; as a mere means of taking possession of <mask>'s papers. It is also possible that she got to know too much about the inner workings of the NKVD and that the government considered it dangerous to let her return to Prague. Shortly after her arrival in Moscow, the era of terror began. If this was the case, then she was neutralized to protect the interests of the state - a purpose for which no means are despicable enough. A human life counts for nothing in a totalitarian police state like Russia."In the end she was allowed to return to her work at the orphanage in Ivanovo only after the death, early in 1953, of Joseph Stalin. The path to rehabilitation and celebration
The Soviet occupation zone was superseded in October 1949 by the Soviet sponsored German Democratic Republic. Her German nationality was reinstated and her German passport returned, albeit only after a succession of "bureaucratic delays", in March 1955. On 27 June 1955 <mask> <mask> arrived in (East) Berlin, back on German soil for the first time in nearly twenty years. In East Berlin, now the capital of a new kind of German state, she was given an honorary pension in respect of her husband as well as a pension on her own account. In 1959 her 75th birthday was celebrated with the award of the Patriotic Order of Merit in silver. In July 1956 a solemn ceremony took place in which 94,000 micro-filmed pages of the Erich Mühsam literary archive were handed over from the Maxim Gorky Institute to the (East) Berlin Arts Academy.Zenzl now launched a campaign to have her husband's output posthumously published in East Germany. In 1958 at the East Berlin "Club of the Creatives" ("Klub der Kulturschaffenden") an event was organised to celebrate, had he lived for longer, what would have been <mask>'s eightieth birthday. Meanwhile the publishers "Volk und Welt" published a (savagely shortened) selection from his poetry. Back in Moscow, in July 1959 a military tribunal in the Moscow military quarter lifted the earlier sentence against her, which it attributed to an error in the criminal procedure. There followed a rehabilitation covering the sentences of 1936/38. Rehabilitation in respect of her 1949 sentence followed only after her death, however. <mask> <mask> died of Lung cancer on 10 March 1962.The body
Her ashes were placed buried in the Socialists' Memorial Zone, where the East German government placed the bodies of its heroes, in the Friedrichsfelde Main Cemetery. <mask>'s body had ended up in what became, after 1945, West Berlin. It was only in 1992, following German reunification, that her ashes were removed without ceremony or any public announcement to the grave of her husband, in the context of a "rationalisation" of the city's cemetery administration, and because the Berlin Senate determined that "only the division of the city had, till then, prevented a shared grave location" for the two of them. References

People from Freising (district)
Refugees from Nazi Germany in the Soviet Union
Great Purge victims from Germany
Foreign Gulag detainees
Recipients of the Patriotic Order of Merit
1884 births
1962 deaths

masks:
Zenzl Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Zenzl
Mühsam
Zenzl
Zenzl
Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Mühsam
Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Zenzl
Mühsam
Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Zenzl
Mühsam
Erich Mühsam
Zenzl
Mühsam
Erich Mühsam


text_chunks:
<mask> a <mask> ( ; born 9 September 1986) is a Cameroonian professional basketball player who last played for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). <mask> also plays for the Cameroon national team. College career
<mask> attended Montverde Academy in Florida from 2001 to 2005, where he was coached by Kevin Sutton. Soon, he would be Westwood-bound to play for <mask> and UCLA. As a freshman in 2005–06, <mask> led the Pac-10 Champion Bruins in rebounding. <mask> a Moute led or tied for the lead for the Bruins in rebounding in 27 regular-season games. In the NCAA tournament, <mask> a <mask> scored the winning layup at the end of a comeback win over Gonzaga in the Sweet 16.<mask> a <mask> also posted 17 points, 9 rebounds, 2 steals, and 1 assist in a Final Four victory over LSU. For the year, <mask> <mask>ute averaged 8.9 points and 8.1 rebounds, and he was named Pac-10 Freshman of the Year. He became something of a cult phenomenon among the UCLA faithful. Along with fellow Cameroonian Alfred Aboya, the dynamic duo sparked the "Cameroon Crazies" (a take-off of Duke's "Cameron Crazies" fans) section, along with an enormously popular T-shirt which read "Moute Kicks Boute". <mask> a <mask> himself became known as The Fresh Prince, after the television show of the same name. His mother, <mask> a Ziem Agnes Bertine, and his father, <mask> <mask>, had never seen him play for UCLA until they came from Cameroon to attend the Final Four of the 2008 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. During the 2008 season, his team had a record of 35–4 and won their third straight Pac-10 title and made their third straight NCAA Final Four.<mask> <mask> ended his UCLA career with an honorable mention All-Pac-10, honorable mention Pac-10 All-Defensive Team selection and a fifth-place finish in scoring (8.8 ppg). He is ranked the No. 15 rebounder with a total of 775 rebounds. <mask> <mask> became the first player to start in three straight Final Fours at UCLA in 34 years. <mask>, <mask> Wilkes, and Greg Lee (1972–74) were the last players at UCLA, and Andre Hutson and <mask> of Michigan State (1999–2001) were the last to do so. Professional career

Milwaukee Bucks (2008–2013)

<mask> <mask> gave up his final year of college eligibility at UCLA to enter the 2008 NBA draft, in which he was selected by the Milwaukee Bucks with the 37th overall pick. <mask> <mask> got off to a quick start with the Bucks and quickly became a fan favorite.His strong play, especially on defense, led to him overtaking <mask> as the Bucks' starting power forward only nine games into the season. In his second game as a starter, <mask> a <mask> posted career highs of 19 points and 17 rebounds in a 101–96 victory over the Memphis Grizzlies. Bucks head coach Scott Skiles and general manager <mask> both praised <mask> a Moute's defensive skills. After the 2010–11 season, <mask> a <mask> became a restricted free agent. On 10 December 2011, he received a four-year, $18.7 million offer sheet from the Denver Nuggets. Three days later, the Bucks matched the offer sheet, re-signing <mask> a Moute. Sacramento Kings (2013)
On 12 July 2013, <mask> a <mask> was traded to the Sacramento Kings.Minnesota Timberwolves (2013–2014)
On 26 November 2013, <mask> a Moute was traded to the Minnesota Timberwolves for <mask>. Philadelphia 76ers (2014–2015)
On 23 August 2014, a three-team trade was completed, involving the Timberwolves, the Cleveland Cavaliers, and the Philadelphia 76ers. As part of the deal, <mask> a <mask> and teammate Alexey Shved were traded to the Sixers, along with a 2015 first round draft pick from Cleveland. The Cavaliers received Kevin Love from Minnesota, whereas the Wolves received Andrew Wiggins and Anthony Bennett from Cleveland and <mask> Young from Philadelphia. On 14 July 2015, <mask> <mask> signed with the Sacramento Kings once again. However, two days later, his contract was voided by the Kings after he failed his physical examination. <mask> a <mask> felt he was mistreated by the Kings and filed grievance against the team.He later passed a medical test in order to compete for Team Africa at the 2015 NBA Africa exhibition game on 1 August. Los Angeles Clippers (2015–2017)
On 25 September 2015, <mask> <mask> signed with the Los Angeles Clippers. Midway through the 2015–16 season, the Clippers placed <mask> a <mask> in the starting lineup. On 8 July 2016, <mask> <mask> re-signed with the Clippers. On 21 April 2017, in Game 3 of the Clippers' first-round playoff series against the Utah Jazz, <mask> a Moute scored a career playoff-high 15 points to help the Clippers win 111–106, taking a 2–1 lead in the series. The Clippers went on to lose the series to the Jazz in seven games. Houston Rockets (2017–2018)
On 19 July 2017, <mask> <mask> signed with the Houston Rockets.On 22 November 2017, in a 125–95 win against the Denver Nuggets, <mask> a <mask> finished with a plus-minus of +57, the highest in an NBA game in 20 years. He was a perfect 5-of-5 shooting for 13 points in 26 minutes, during which the Rockets outscored the Nuggets 93–36. On 14 December 2017, he was ruled out for two to three weeks with a shoulder injury. <mask> <mask> dislocated his shoulder for a second time on 10 April 2018, in a 105–99 win over the Los Angeles Lakers. He subsequently missed the first round of the playoffs. Return to the Clippers (2018–2019)
On 19 July 2018, <mask> <mask> signed with the Los Angeles Clippers, returning to the franchise for a second stint. He appeared in just four games for the Clippers in 2018–19 after injuring his left knee in a game against the New Orleans Pelicans on 23 October 2018.He initially underwent various non-surgical treatment options before ultimately undergoing a partial medial meniscectomy on his left knee, with medial femoral condyle chondroplasty, on 28 March 2019. He was subsequently waived by the Clippers on 7 April. Return to the Rockets (2020)
On July 7, 2020, the Houston Rockets announced that they had signed <mask> a Moute. His father is a high-ranking government official, managing the National Employment Fund of Cameroon, a training and job-placement national agency. <mask> a Moute is the twin brother of <mask> a Moute, who played basketball for Texas State University. His younger brother, <mask> a Bidias, is a basketball player for the California Golden Bears. <mask> a Moute married Aurelie <mask> on February 15, 2020, in Yaounde their hometown.<mask> <mask>ute helped discover Cameroonian center Joel Embiid, the third overall pick in the 2014 NBA draft and eventual teammate on the Philadelphia 76ers. He also helped discover another Cameroonian player, power forward <mask>, the 27th pick in the 2016 NBA draft. and NBA G-League 2017-18 Defensive Player of the Year <mask> Nnoko. References

External links

 UCLA bio

1986 births
Living people
Basketball players at the 2006 NCAA Division I Men's Final Four
Basketball players at the 2007 NCAA Division I Men's Final Four
Basketball players at the 2008 NCAA Division I Men's Final Four
Cameroonian men's basketball players
Cameroonian expatriate basketball people in the United States
Houston Rockets players
Los Angeles Clippers players
Milwaukee Bucks draft picks
Milwaukee Bucks players
Minnesota Timberwolves players
Montverde Academy alumni
National Basketball Association players from Cameroon
Philadelphia 76ers players
Power forwards (basketball)
Sacramento Kings players
Small forwards
Twin people from Cameroon
Twin sportspeople
UCLA Bruins men's basketball players

masks:
Luc Richard Mbah
Moute
Mbah a Moute
Mbah a Moute
Ben Howland
Mbah a Moute
Mbah
Mbah
Moute
Mbah
Moute
Mbah
a Mo
Mbah
Moute
Goufane
Camille Moute
à Bias
Mbah
a Moute
Mbah
a Moute
Bill Walton
Jamaal
Charlie Bell
Mbah
a Moute
Mbah
a Moute
Charlie Villanueva
Mbah
Moute
John Hammond
Mbah
Mbah
Moute
Mbah
Mbah
Moute
Mbah
Derrick Williams
Mbah
Moute
Thadus
Mbah
a Moute
Mbah
Moute
Mbah
a Moute
Mbah
Moute
Mbah
a Moute
Mbah
Mbah
a Moute
Mbah
Moute
Mbah
a Moute
Mbah
a Moute
Mbah
Mbah
Emmanuel Bidias
Roger Moute
Luc Mbah
Van Assche
Mbah
a Mo
Pascal Siakam
Landry