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<mask> (born 8 May 1962) is a convicted Australian bank robber. He is reported to have stolen and hidden millions of dollars, and was dubbed "the postcard bandit" by police seeking media coverage. <mask> was held in a maximum-security prison in Queensland until he was transferred in 2016 to Casuarina Prison in Western Australia. He will be eligible for parole in 2026. A film about <mask>, The Postcard Bandit, was made in 2003. Personal
A former ward of the state of Western Australia, <mask> continues to suffer anxiety and related health disorders, as noted in a semi-biographical work, Australian Outlaw, by Derek Pedley. As a hearing-impaired 12-year-old in November 1974, he was maltreated at Hillston Boys Home.<mask> attended Eastern Hills High School in Mount Helena and was considered an average to good student. His watercolour "Little Boy Blue" was painted after the November 2009 national apology to Forgotten Australians. <mask> is recognised as a highly intelligent criminal and "minor genius" with a strong reliance on memory and observational skills to carry out his criminal activities. He used his knowledge and self-taught skills in make-up to create convincing disguises, computers to create false IDs, and electronics to dodge alarms and police. Weeks were spent methodically planning each bank robbery including observing the staff in the bank, identifying weaknesses in security, patterns of behaviour and the layout of the premises prior to the robbery taking place. These skills are widely thought to have assisted him in both successful prison escapes. Police officers who have interviewed <mask> have stated he is always probing for information on how he has been caught or what the police know about him.<mask> used his understanding of police methodology and intelligence gathering to successfully avoid capture during his time as an escapee. Fremantle Prison escape – 1989
<mask> had fled from police during questioning in relation to burglary at the Nollamara police station in 1986 and in 1987 successfully stole $11,200 from the Commonwealth Bank in Perth with his first bank robbery. In the months following, police arrested <mask> at Perth Airport. Sentenced to Fremantle Prison, <mask> was given duties in the tailor workshop, fitting and sewing uniforms to order. It was through the workshop <mask> and Aaron Reynolds were able to create fake prison guard uniforms. On 24 November 1989 <mask> dressed in the false uniform, cut through the bars in the workshop and gained access to the guard's walkway, he made his way across the rooftop and out of the prison grounds. This escape earned <mask> his lifelong notoriety as a criminal genius, and ultimately led to his permanent and erroneous branding as "the postcard bandit."In the almost 150-year history Fremantle Prison was operational, <mask> is the only prisoner to escape and never return due to its closure in 1991. Fugitive 1989–1995
While Reynolds was arrested within weeks of the Fremantle escape, <mask> went on to establish himself as a "professional" bank robber, believed to have been responsible for "40 to 50" bank robberies across Western Australia, South Australia and Queensland's Gold Coast. Working in <mask>'s favour, the Adelaide police force was structured with each suburb having its own CIB office, limiting communication between the departments and making Adelaide a repeated target. Rivalry between the states made intelligence sharing minimal and Western Australian Police were yet to issue a warrant for <mask>'s arrest almost five years following the escape. By 1994 the police states compromised and agreed to work together. Elevated to the status of Australia's most wanted man, his five-and-a-half years on the run came to an end when police tracked down a post-office box on Queensland's Gold Coast used by <mask>, which was found to contain a pager bill registered to the address where he was living. On 26 March 1995 <mask> was recaptured.Media reports in the 1990s said <mask> sent postcards of his travels to the Western Australian Police. However, the story was a WA Police media unit concoction; the "postcards" were photos <mask> lost while running from police with Aaron Reynolds after the Fremantle Prison escape, and were intended for his friends and family. They included a picture of Reynolds outside the Dwellingup police station. Sir David Longland Prison escape – 1997
On 5 November 1997, less than three years after his recapture, <mask> escaped with four other prisoners from Sir David Longland Prison at Wacol, Queensland. Using angel wire—diamond-encrusted wire—smuggled into the prison to cut through the bars in their cells, the escapees made it to the perimeter sensor fence where they were thrown bolt cutters by an accomplice, Brendan Berichon, who had been released in September. Uncharacteristically for <mask>, the escape from Sir David Longland Prison in November 1997 involved actual force rather than an implied threat of force. While cutting through the sensor fencing, the alarm was raised.Berichon was armed and fired on a patrol vehicle successfully disabling it. Guards were pinned down by the shots. The offenders alleged that this occurred in panic, when the escapees' escape plan went awry. Nonetheless, it gave the escapees enough time to cut through the fence and escape in the car driven by Berichon. Fugitive 1997–1998
<mask> was on the run for six months from 1997 to 1998. On 2 May 1998 he was eventually caught in Darwin and is, , serving a 23-year sentence in Queensland for bank robberies and the 1997 prison escape. Following his recapture, <mask> was transferred to Maximum Security at
Woodford Correctional Centre.Due to <mask>'s high risk profile, he was flown into the prison by helicopter, being the only prisoner in Australia to have arrived directly by air. After serving two years of his current sentence in solitary confinement, he sued the Queensland Government for mistreatment. He was released from solitary confinement in May 2004 and returned there on a Maximum Security Order in April 2006, after he requested medical attention three times in 12 months. After years in mainstream, <mask> was again returned to Supermax solitary confinement in August 2008 and then released back into mainstream detention in the days preceding a judicial review hearing into his back-to-back Maximum Security Orders, in October 2009. Attempts to transfer
A 1994 warrant for questioning remains in place with Adelaide Criminal Prosecutions Branch for one count of armed robbery in Glenelg, South Australia. In mid-2008, <mask> applied for an interstate transfer to South Australia to address the outstanding warrant. The application followed official statements by Adelaide detective Sid Thomas, in The Advertiser in 2008, that detectives were travelling to Queensland to question <mask> at Woodford Correctional Centre, although no such interview has ever occurred.In December 2010, <mask>'s application for a South Australian transfer was approved by the Queensland Attorney-General, and the South Australian Attorney-General's decision is pending. On 12 June 2011, The Advertiser reporter Nigel Hunt incorrectly reported that <mask> had filed for a Supreme Court Judicial Review regarding the application to transfer to face the charges. Hunt's story concludes with an unnamed source's suspicions that <mask> could have committed not just the one he is sought for questioning over, but multiple robberies in South Australia. During <mask>'s Queensland sentence, Western Australia twice refused <mask>'s transfer applications in 2005 and 2008 to return to the state to complete his sentence. In 2004 Queensland authorities approved an interstate transfer but Western Australian Attorney-General Jim McGinty refused to accept him. In early 2007, <mask> re-applied to be transferred to Western Australia and that was approved by the Queensland Attorney-General in 2008. However, former WA Corrective Services Minister, Margaret Quirk, promptly released a media statement rejecting <mask>'s bid to return home.<mask> had unsuccessfully applied for transfer to Western Australia four times in response to outstanding warrants. In May 2010, Glenn Cordingley of The Sunday Times in Perth, cited an unnamed Western Australian police source who alleged that WA authorities "had a cell waiting" for <mask>, although there had been no official confirmation of such. On 4 May 2016, <mask> was extradited to a prison in Western Australia to serve out his sentence of 16 years, nine months and two days that he was serving for armed robberies and his role in the Fremantle Prison riot at the time of his escape in 1989 (12 years, six months and 24 days plus an additional one-third additional penalty of four years, two months and eight days in forfeited remissions for escaping custody under the law then extant). On 16 January 2017, <mask> was sentenced to an additional five months' imprisonment for the 1989 escape. In June 2019 <mask> had his latest bid for freedom unanimously rejected by the Court of Appeal. Lawyers argued the sentence should be reduced because he already spent 17 years in a Queensland jail for other crimes committed before he escaped Fremantle Prison in 1989. The court said the original sentences were appropriate and it would not intervene on the basis of mercy and noted <mask> deliberately committed crimes that led to his imprisonment in Queensland.He will be eligible for parole in Western Australia in July 2026, and his Western Australia sentence will expire in July 2033. If no further charges are laid against him, he will remain on parole in Queensland until July 2040, when he will be 78 years of age. See also

Fremantle Prison riot

References

AAP, Postcard bandit denied computer, Sydney Morning Herald, 8 March 2006
Pedley, Derek, Australian Outlaw – The True Story of Postcard Bandit <mask> <mask>, Sly Ink, 2006. Pedley, Derek, No Fixed Address – The Hunt for <mask> <mask>, HarperCollins Australia, 1999. 1962 births
Australian bank robbers
Australian escapees
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Escapees from Queensland detention
Criminals from Melbourne
Escapees from Western Australian detention
People convicted of robbery

masks:
Brenden James Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Abbott
Brenden
Abbott
Brenden
James Abbott


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<mask> (2 November 1884 – 31 May 1931) was a Finnish architect and inventor. He is known especially for the Savonius wind turbine, which he invented in 1924. Life and work

<mask> was born in Hämeenlinna, Grand Duchy of Finland, to <mask> (1856–1906) and his wife Anna Elisabeth née Rydman (1859–1921). He was one of three sons, together with his brothers Maximilian Lars Helge and Odert Albin. As a young man he enjoyed experimenting with explosives. One such experiment, an attempt to mix red phosphorus with a knife and fork, cost him two fingers and the sight in his right eye. <mask> graduated from secondary school in Helsinki in 1901.Although he had originally planned to become an engineer, he decided to study architecture and graduated in 1906 with a degree in architecture from Helsinki Polytechnic. Nevertheless, he usually referred to himself as an engineer and occupied himself mainly with technical projects. He met his future wife, the Englishwoman Mary Appleyard (born 1884), through his brothers, who were students in her English class. He and his wife had seven children: four daughters (Moira Angela Hjördis (born 1914), Ann-Mari, Mary Henrietta and Gustava Elisabeth) and three sons (Klas Albin, Mark Adrian Briggs and <mask> (born 1916), who died in hospital on 8 March 1940 from wounds sustained in the Winter War). The family's house was in the town of Ingå in Southern Finland, which <mask> designed himself. On 8 October 1920 <mask> founded Savonius & Company, with his wife as a shareholder. Seven years after graduating from the polytechnic, he registered his first patent, for a snow melting device to produce drinking water from snow, and in 1920 he patented an optimized version of the device.In 1921, he patented a cooking device for rock fireplaces. In the early 1920s, <mask> concentrated especially on the control of air flows and the use of wind power. In 1923, his attention was attracted by a rotor ship built by the German engineer Anton Flettner. The ship was propelled by two large cylindrical rotorsails, which stood as tall as masts and were rotated by an engine. The idea was to take advantage of the Magnus effect: the perpendicular force exerted on the enclosed cylinders as they spun at greater than wind speed. <mask> wondered whether the ship could be driven by a rotor apparatus operating by wind power alone, without the aid of an engine. He met with Flettner in the offices of his firm, Savonius & Company, on Lönnrotinkatu Street in Helsinki, and the two engineers conducted experiments there.By early 1924, <mask> had developed a rotor with a cylinder open to the airflow. The two oppositely arranged vanes in this cylinder produced a high rotor torque that could be used directly for energy production. It is not known whether he succeeded in propelling a ship primarily through the Magnus effect, as originally intended. But a short biography of <mask> has suggested that such an application could well be possible, provided that a technical solution is found to convert the rotational motion of the cylinders into thrust. This suggests a successful outcome for his research into the rotor as a suitable mechanism for ship propulsion. Savonius-like rotor kites demonstrate that the operating principle is useful and that in principle the rotor makes the Magnus effect available. This invention for the use of wind energy was patented in Finland in 1926 and later in many other countries.The name "Savonius-Rotor", under which the invention is still known today, was bestowed by the German patent authorities. In the same year that the Finnish patent was granted, <mask> published his book The wing-rotor in theory and practice. In addition to his eponymous rotor, <mask> also filed patents for inventions such as a wind turbine with autonomously regulated rotational speed, a system for light displays and showcases, and a ventilation system based on his rotor. <mask>’ interest in wind flows ultimately became his undoing. He caught a chill in the wind tunnel that he had built on the premises of his business (Finland’s first wind tunnel) and died from the resulting pneumonia at the age of 46. His brother Odert took over the company and expanded its offerings. The patent for the ventilation system was acquired by Flettner’s firm Flettner Ventilator Limited, which continues to manufacture modern derivatives in Britain.dgl. ", German Patent DE000000512187A, 10 November 1930
 "Durch Luftströmung angetriebene Vorrichtung zur Ventilation von geschlossenen Räumen oder zur Verbesserung, bezw. Erhaltung eines Schornsteinzuges. ", Swiss Patent CH000000147730A, 30 June 1931

Publications
 The wing-rotor in theory and practice. Reprint of edition Helsingfors, 1926, (Omnia-Mikrofilm-Technik), Munich, ca. 1981 (pdf: 11.80 MB)

Notes and references

External links

 Posters with pictures from <mask>' life (Finnish) (PDF, 4.65 MB)

Finnish inventors
People associated with wind power
20th-century Finnish engineers
1884 births
1931 deaths
20th-century inventors

masks:
Sigurd Johannes Savonius
Savonius
Albin Laurentius Johannes Savonius
Savonius
Johannes Anthony
Savonius
Savonius
Savonius
Savonius
Savonius
Savonius
Savonius
Savonius
Savonius
Savonius


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<mask> (, ; born 22 January 1967) is a former Romanian artistic gymnast who won 20 Olympic, world and continental medals. <mask> won gold medals in the 1984 Olympics in three individual events (vault, balance beam (tie), and floor exercise), won the all-around silver medal, and contributed to the team gold. With her four gold medals and a silver medal, <mask> was the most successful athlete at the 1984 Summer Olympics. Afterwards, she led her team to the world title at the 1987 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, defeating the USSR in the team competition for only the second time in the history of the competition. In 2000, <mask> was inducted into the International Gymnastics Hall of Fame. Early life and career
An ethnic Hungarian from Transylvania, she was named Katalin, which was later changed  to Ecaterina by the Communists to try to hide her Hungarian background. <mask>'s first language is Hungarian.She started gymnastics in 1973 at the Gymnastics School in Oneşti with coaches Maria Cosma and Mihai Agoston. Later she trained with Márta and Béla Károlyi. After the Károlyis' defection to the United States in 1981, she was coached by Adrian Goreac, Adrian Stan and Maria Cosma at Cetate Deva. She enjoyed tremendous success as a junior. <mask> became the first gymnast to win two Junior European all-around titles, competing against Lavinia Agache and Natalia Ilienko (in 1980) and Olga Mostepanova and Yelena Shushunova (in 1982). Individually, in 1980 she won gold on vault, beam and floor and placed fourth on uneven bars and in 1982 she won gold on vault and floor, silver on uneven bars and placed fourth on balance beam. Senior career

1983
Szabo's first major international event was the 1983 European Championships in Goteborg.There she won gold on floor and uneven bars, silver on vault and bronze (tie) all around. At the 1983 World Championships she placed third all around after Olga Mostepanova and Natalia Yurchenko. In this event she scored two perfect tens, one on floor and one on vault. In addition to her all around bronze she won gold on floor and silver on vault and uneven bars. She did not qualify for the beam finals. She also contributed heavily to the team silver medal by scoring perfect tens on floor and uneven bars in the team optional. 1984 Olympics

In response to the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, 14 Eastern Bloc countries and allies including the Soviet Union, Cuba and East Germany (but not Romania) boycotted the Games.In the absence of the Soviet competitors, <mask> entered the competition as the favourite. Even with the Soviets competing, <mask> would have been a strong contender. While preparing for the Olympics, <mask> scored a perfect 40.0 for her compulsory exercises at a dual meet held in Czechoslovakia. During the team section of the Olympic Games <mask> performed strongly, leading her team to their first Olympic title and qualifying second into the all-around (mainly due to a fall on bars in the team finals) and into three of the four event finals (vault, beam, and floor). <mask> was a heavy favorite to win to the all-around title and was dubbed "the next Nadia", after Nadia Comăneci. In the all-around competition, however, she lost the title by .05 to Mary Lou Retton and received the silver medal. Despite the second-place finish, she posted the highest cumulative score, which would have given her the title if the competition were held under the New Life rule.However, she had a strong comeback in the event finals, winning three gold medals on the three event finals she had qualified for; vault, beam and floor. Despite personal disappointment for not winning the all-around title, <mask> returned home to Romania a heroine. Later that year, she was elected the most successful athlete of the year in Romania. After the 1984 Olympics
1985 was a disappointing year for the multiple Olympic champion. At the 1985 European Championships <mask> placed sixth on beam and floor, fifth all around and did not qualify in the uneven bars finals. However, she managed to win a silver medal on vault. Later that year she had a similar showing at the 1985 World Championships; she placed fifth all around, fourth on floor, sixth on uneven bars.She left the competition with silver medals on beam, vault and with the team. But in 1987, <mask>'s hard work paid off. As a member of the tremendously successful Romanian team (five gold, one silver and four bronze) at the 1987 World Championships, <mask> and her teammates dealt a crushing defeat to the Soviets, winning the gold medal in the team event. Individually, she tied for bronze on beam with Svetlana Boginskaya and placed 14th all around. Post-retirement
After the 1987 Worlds <mask> retired from artistic gymnastics and she went to study at the University of Physical and Sports Education in Bucharest. After graduation, she worked as a coach at Deva where she trained among others Nadia Haţegan, Andreea Cacovean, and the 1999 World Champion Maria Olaru. In June 1991, <mask> married Christian Tamas, a former member of Romania's kayak team.The two later had two sons named Lorenzo and Zeno. In 1992, the family left Romania and settled in Chamalieres, France where she now works as a coach. In 2005, she was featured in a two-part documentary series titled Székely sportolók Kelettől Nyugatig (Székely Athletes from East to West). The 30-minute portrait film about <mask> was captioned A zágoni üstökös (The Comet of Zagon). A kindergarten in her hometown of Zagon, the Szabó Kati Óvoda, bears her name since 2007. In 2008, the sports hall of Sfântu Gheorghe was renamed in the honor of the four-time Olympic champion. Skills
A strong all-arounder with artistic sensibilities, <mask> had a clean form in execution and was rewarded 17 scores of perfect ten between 1983 and 1984.Her skills included a tucked backward salto with a full twist on beam (e.g. 1982 Ennia Cup). On floor she performed difficult passes such as 1½ twist back salto to 1½ twist back salto, punch front or 1½ twist back salto to 1½ twist back salto, salto forward 1/2, punch front. She also mounted floor exercise with a double back flip with a full twist in a piked position. At the 1983 Worlds and 1984 Olympic Games Event Finals she also dismounted with a double back flip with a full twist in a tuck position which was unheard of. Most gymnasts at the time did not even mount with this move. This cemented the Olympic title in the Floor Exercise for her in which she received a perfect 10.0 for the exercise beating both Julianne McNamara and Mary Lou Retton for the gold medal.See also

List of multiple Olympic gold medalists at a single Games
List of Olympic female gymnasts for Romania
List of top Olympic gymnastics medalists
List of top medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships

References

External links

Whatever Happened to Ekaterina Szabo? List of competitive results at Gymn Forum
Ecaterina Szabo profile at GymnStands

1967 births
Living people
People from Covasna County
Romanian female artistic gymnasts
Romanian sportspeople of Hungarian descent
Székely people
Olympic gymnasts of Romania
Olympic gold medalists for Romania
Olympic silver medalists for Romania
Olympic medalists in gymnastics
Gymnasts at the 1984 Summer Olympics
World champion gymnasts
Medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
European champions in gymnastics
Medalists at the 1984 Summer Olympics

masks:
Ecaterina Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo
Szabo


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<mask> (19 December 1939 – 15 September 2021) was a French stage director, actor and playwright. He was associated with the La Tempete company in Paris. Actor
<mask> appeared in the 1959 war film, Green Harvest. Playwright
<mask> began to write plays in the late 1960s. In 1967, La Baye was staged by Antoine Bourseiller, featuring Jean-Pierre Léaud and Suzanne Flon. It was staged again in 1997 by Laurent Pelly. La Baye had elements of disorder which would be reflected in <mask>'s later work.<mask>'s play, Le Défi de Molière (1979) was dedicated to Moliere. <mask> has co-written two plays with Jean-Louis Bauer. The first, Bug! creates a dream-journey through memory, current scientific and artistic issues, to provide an overview of civilization. The second, La Grande Nouvelle, is a contemporary variation on Le Malade imaginaire, which plays on the ironies of the present-day desire for immortality. Director
<mask>'s directorial career began in the 1970s. He conducted experimental workshops such as L’excès, a work adapted from Georges Bataille; L’oeil de la tête—effet Sade (which he revisited in 1989 with Enzo Cormann’s text Sade, concert d’enfers); Le Pupille veut être tuteur by Peter Handke; and La Résistance.<mask> directed Molière's works, Dom Juan and George Dandin in Germany. In the early 1980s, <mask> directed works by Alfred Jarry (Ubu roi and Ubu cocu) and Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz (La poule d’eau) At this time, <mask>'s direction desired to liberate and provoke. He saw theatre as the scenic transcription of thought processes. In Une Visite, adapted from Franz Kafka's L'Amerique, <mask>'s direction showed screwball comedic and jubilatory elements. He also directed Kafka's Rêves. In 1981, <mask> was named Director of the Théâtre des Quartiers d’Ivry, replacing Antoine Vitez. There, <mask> presented Monsieur de Pourceaugnac (Molière), Homme pour homme (Bertolt Brecht), La Funeste Passion du professeur Forenstein (Adrien), and La Mission (Heiner Müller) .In 1983, <mask> was invited to La Comédie-Française to direct Molière’s Amphitryon and Le Médecin Volant. He worked with the same troupe to produce Jean-Claude Grumberg’s Maman revient, pauvre orphelin, Véronique Olmi’s Point à la ligne, Hugo von Hofmannsthal’s L’Incorruptible, Molière’s Monsieur de Pourceaugnac, Werner Schwab’s Extermination du peuple, Tom Stoppard’s Arcadia, and Genet’s Les Bonnes. in this time, <mask> directed two productions of Tennessee Williams: Un tramway nommé désir, with Caroline Cellier, at the Théâtre Eldorado, then Doux oiseau de jeunesse, with Claudia Cardinale, at the Théâtre de la Madeleine. In 1985, <mask> founded the L'Atelier de Recherche et de Réalisation Théâtrale. In the 1980s and 1990s, <mask> directed the works of authors including Shakespeare (Hamlet, then Le Roi Lear), Marivaux (Les Acteurs de bonne foi and La Méprise), Claudel (L’Annonce faite à Marie), Brecht (La Noce chez les petits bourgeois), Beckett (En attendant Godot), Vitrac (Victor ou les enfants au pouvoir), Gombrowicz (Yvonne, princesse de Bourgogne), Copi (L’Homosexuel ou la difficulté de s'exprimer), and Armando Llamas (Meurtres de la princesse juive). In 1993, Adrien directed Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot at the Théâtre de la Tempête. In 1997, Adrien directed Arnold Bedouet's Kinkale at the Théâtre National de la Colline.The production received the award for best new play and the award for the best playwright at the Moliere Awards of that year. He went on to direct <mask>’s Mélédouman and Le Projet Conrad, an adaptation of the short story Un Avant-poste du progrès. <mask>'s interest in African works continued with Boesman et Lena, by the South-African playwright Athol Fugard in 2014 and a stage production of Amos Tutuola’s novel L’Ivrogne dans la brousse. In 2001, <mask> collaborated with the blind actor, Bruno Netter and Netter's Compagnie du Troisième Oeil, a company of handicapped and normally abled actors. Together, they produced Molière's The Imaginary Invalid, Franz Kafka's The Trial, Sophocles' Oedipus Rex, Miguel de Cervantes' Don Quixote, and  Eugène Ionesco's The Chairs. In 2005, <mask> directed a production of Tennessee Williams's Sweet Bird of Youth, which starred Claudia Cardinale. In 2010, <mask> directed Feydeau's Le Dindon.The production received four nominations at the Molière Awards, toured for three years, and had a revival during the 2014 summer season at the Théâtre de la Porte Saint-Martin. <mask> died on 15 September 2021, at the age of 81. Artistic director
In 1996, <mask> became the artistic director of the Théâtre de la Tempête, located in La Cartoucherie, Paris. <mask> has staged Chekov's La Mouette and Ivanov, Claudel's Partage de midi and Protée and Molière's L’École des femmes. <mask> received a nomination for the award for Best Director at the Molière Awards in 2014. The play toured in France until 2016. Adrien has also staged contemporary writers including Juan Mayorga (La Tortue de Darwin), Werner Schwab (Excédent de poids, insignifiant: amorphe), and Blandine Solange (an adaptation of Exposition d’une femme, lettre d’une psychotique').Teacher
From 1989 to 2003, <mask> taught at the Conservatoire National Supérieur d’Art Dramatique. Prizes and awards
 1985: Grand Prix du théâtre du Syndicat de la critique for Rêves (Kafka) at the Théâtre de la Tempête and revival at the Festival Purchase, New York. 1991: nomination for the Prix Dominique for Best Director for L'Annonce faite à Marie. 1991: nomination for the Molière Award for Best Director for L'Annonce faite à Marie
 1997: Molière Award for Best New Show for Kinkali (Arnaud Bédouet). 1997: Grand Prix des arts de la scène of Paris. 2011: nomination for Molière Award for Best Director for Le Dindon. 2011: nomination for the Molière Award for Public Theatre for Le Dindon.2014: nomination for the Molière Award for Public Theatre Show's Best Director for L'École des Femmes. Publications
 La Baye (1967), Editions Cent Pages. L'Arche (1975) Translation of Le Pupille veut être tuteur by Peter Handke. Actes Sud-Papiers (1998) Instant par instant, en classe d'interprétation. Works
 Cinema
1959: La Verte Moisson by François Villiers

 Television
1964: Les Cinq Dernières Minutes:45 tours... et puis s'en vont by Bernard Hecht

 Theatre
 Actor
1964: Le carrosse du saint sacrement by Prosper Mérimée, directed by Henri Rocca, Montpazier (Périgord)
1971: Les Brigands by Friedrich von Schiller, directed by Antoine Bourseiller, Théâtre du Gymnase
1975: Le pupille veut être tuteur by Peter Handke, directed by Jean-Claude Fall and <mask>, Théâtre Essaïon

 Director
1965: Les Croisés, creation at the Biennale de Paris
1967: Arrête d'être belle, creation at the Biennale de Paris
1969: La Douloureuse mutation des Zupattes, creation at the Biennale de Paris
1970: Albert 1er by <mask>, creation at the Stadttheater Münster RFA
1973: L'Excès, creation at the Petit-Odéon – théâtre national
1973: Qu'est-ce qui frappe ici si tôt ? de Reims
1980: Ubu roi by Alfred Jarry, creation at the C.D.N. de Reims
1980: La Poule d'eau by S.I.Witkiewicz, creation at the Théâtre de la Commune d'Aubervilliers, and then at the Festival Bitef de Belgrade
1981: Monsieur de Pourceaugnac by Molière, creation at the C.D.N. de Reims, and then at the Théâtre de la Commune d'Aubervilliers and at the Théâtre des Quartiers d'Ivry
1981: Une visite after Franz Kafka, creation at the Théâtre de la Tempête in 1981, then at the Festival de Florence, Festival de Saarbrück
1982: La Mission by Heiner Müller, creation at the Théâtre des Quartiers d'Ivry
1982: Correspondances from Gérard de Nerval, creation at the Festival Les Intérieurs
1982: La Funeste Passion du professeur Forenstein, creation at the Théâtre des Quartiers d'Ivry
1983: Amphitryon and Le Médecin volant by Molière, creation at the Comédie Française
1983: Homme pour homme by Bertolt Brecht, Fartov and Belcher, creation at the Théâtre des Quartiers d'Ivry and at the C.D.N. de Reims
1984: Rêves by Kafka // Prix de la Critique 85, creation at the Théâtre des Quartiers d'Ivry, at the Centre Georges Pompidou, at the Théâtre National de Strasbourg, in RFA, at the Hollande Festival, revival at the Théâtre de la Tempête in 1985, tour at the Festival Purchase – New-York in 1985 [59 shows]
1985: Ké Voï ? Director 360 Repertoire website (French). Directors Entr Actes SACD website (French). Philippe Adrien BNF website (French). Philippe Adrien Universalis encyclopaedia website (French).Philippe Adrien France Inter website (French). <mask> masterclass Rue du Conservatoire website. Protee Rue du Conservatoire website 13 April 2014 (French). Philippe Adrien Madinin Art website (French). Philippe Adrien Contemporary Theatre website (French). Philippe Adrien Le Figaro website (French). <mask> Who's who website France.Philippe Adrien Sic productions website (French). Philippe Adrien Libraire Obliques website (French). L'Ecole des Femmes Theatre Video website. 1939 births
2021 deaths
French male screenwriters
French screenwriters
French male stage actors
Theatre directors from Paris
20th-century French dramatists and playwrights
21st-century French dramatists and playwrights

masks:
Philippe Adrien
Adrien
Adrien
Adrien
Adrien
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<mask> (born 16 September 1982) is an English footballer and coach who plays for Ammanford in the Cymru South. A midfielder, he spent most of his career with Swansea City, having joined Swansea on a permanent transfer in 2003. <mask> went on to make 520 appearances for the club. He joined Sheffield United in the summer of 2010, but transferred back to Swansea in January 2011. <mask> instantly became a central figure in Swansea's successful promotion campaign. He remains one of a handful of players to have represented any club in all four professional divisions of the English footballing pyramid, along with Brett Ormerod, and former Swansea teammates Alan Tate and Garry Monk. He later played twice for Llanelli Town and signed for Ammanford in February 2021.Playing career

Youth career
A member of the England Development School at Lilleshall where he was a year behind Joe Cole, Britton began his career as an Arsenal trainee at the age of nine. When he signed for West Ham United for £400,000 in 1998, he attracted the highest transfer fee ever paid for a 16-year-old at that time. Unable to break into the first team at West Ham, Britton joined Swansea City on loan in December 2002, helping the club to avoid relegation from the Football League. He was named PFA Fans' Player of the Year for the Third Division in the 2002–03 season. Swansea manager Brian Flynn was impressed enough to sign him permanently after he was released by West Ham. Swansea City
With Swansea, Britton went on to win the club's Player of the Year award in both the 2002–03 and 2005–06 seasons. Including his appearances whilst on loan with the club, to the end of the 2005–06 season, <mask> had played 137 times for Swansea City in all competitions (with a further 18 appearances as a substitute) and had scored nine goals.On 9 February 2008, <mask> played his 200th match for Swansea City. In January 2010, Swansea rejected an £750,000 offer for <mask> from Wigan Athletic but at the end of that season <mask> refused the offer of a new contract and became a free agent. Sheffield United
Despite interest from the Premier League, <mask> signed for Sheffield United in June 2010. He was handed a regular role in the centre of the Blades midfield but failed to really show the form he had displayed at Swansea. A difficult period for the club, <mask> played under four managers within the space of five months and eventually asked to return to his former employer, stating that his previous transfer had been a "mistake" and that he "should never have left Swansea". The Blades admitted that he had never settled in South Yorkshire and agreed to let him return to Wales after only 26 appearances for the club. Return to Swansea
Britton re-signed for Swansea City for what the Blades described as an "undisclosed fee" during the January transfer window despite the Swans insisting no fee was involved.The fee was clause based and included up to £400,000 depending on appearances and Swansea's promotion to the Premier League. <mask>'s second Swansea City debut came in a draw with Barnsley on 20 January 2011. He scored his first goal of the season (his first goal in three and a half years) against his former employers Sheffield United in the final match of the regular season. The 2010–11 season ended with Swansea City being promoted to the Premier League for the first time in their history following a 4–2 victory over Reading in the Championship Play-off Final at Wembley Stadium. <mask> started the match at Wembley and completed 77 minutes before being substituted by Mark Gower. Following Swansea's promotion, <mask> made his Premier League debut in a 4–0 loss against Manchester City on 15 August 2011 where he played in the central midfield. <mask> stated he would like to finish his career with the club and admitted he cannot imagine playing elsewhere.On 30 March 2012, <mask> signed a contract extension at Swansea City, contracting him until the end of the 2015 campaign. On 5 February 2013, <mask> signed a one-year contract extension on improved terms with Swansea City, keeping at the club until June 2016. Later that month, Britton played as Swansea beat Bradford City 5–0 in the 2013 League Cup Final at Wembley Stadium. On 11 May 2018, it was announced that <mask> would retire from professional football after the end of the 2017–18 season. He opted to become a club ambassador following Swansea City's relegation to the Championship. Llanelli Town
In January 2019, <mask> returned to football, joining Welsh Premier League side Llanelli Town. He made his debut for the club in a 2–1 win over Llandudno.On 2 February 2019, in a 0–0 draw away at Cefn Druids in his second league game for the club, <mask> suffered a broken foot. Coaching and backroom roles
In November 2017, Swansea manager Paul Clement appointed <mask> as an assistant coach, after the departure of Claude Makélélé from the coaching staff. <mask> remained available for selection as a player, but relinquished his captaincy following his coaching appointment. <mask> was named caretaker manager at Swansea on 21 December 2017, after the dismissal of Clement the previous day. In his first game in charge, on 23 December, Swansea drew 1–1 at home to Crystal Palace, a result which left them at the bottom of the league. <mask> remained in charge for Swansea's Boxing Day match against Liverpool at Anfield, where the Swans were comprehensively beaten 5–0. This was his last match as caretaker manager as the Swans appointed former Sheffield Wednesday coach Carlos Carvalhal as their new manager.<mask> then chose to relinquish his coaching duties to concentrate on playing. <mask> was appointed football advisor to the board of directors at Swansea City on 21 May 2019. Along with chairman Trevor Birch and club president Alan Curtis, <mask> helped choose Steve Cooper as Swansea's new manager following the departure of Graham Potter in 2019. <mask> was appointed Swansea's first Sporting Director on 4 September 2019, but relinquished his duties in June 2020. Personal life
<mask> was born in Merton, Greater London and played a young Ryan Giggs in a road safety advertisement in the 1990s. Britton also appeared in a Walkers Crisps advert with former England international Gary Lineker. Career statistics

Managerial statistics

Honours

Club
Swansea City
Football League Cup: 2012–13
Football League Championship play-offs: 2011
Football League One: 2007–08
Football League Two third-place promotion: 2004–05
Football League Trophy: 2005–06
FAW Premier Cup: 2004–05, 2005–06

Individual
PFA Fans' Player of the Year (Third Division): 2002–03
Swansea City Player of the Year: 2002–03, 2006–07

References

External links

<mask> profile at the Swansea City A.F.C.website
<mask> profile at the Football Association website

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from the London Borough of Merton
English footballers
England youth international footballers
Association football midfielders
Arsenal F.C. players
West Ham United F.C. players
Swansea City A.F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players
English Football League players
Premier League players
English football managers
Swansea City A.F.C. managers
Premier League managers
Llanelli Town A.F.C. players
Cymru Premier players
Swansea City A.F.C.non-playing staff

masks:
Leon James Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
Britton
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Britton
Britton
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Britton
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Leon Britton
Leon Britton


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<mask><mask> () is an Armenian psychologist, doctor of Psychological Sciences, and professor. Early life
He was born on May 10, 1950 in Berkarat, Aragatsotn Province of Armenia. In 1967 he finished secondary school at Alaverdi Nalbandyan. From 1969–1974 he studied in the faculty of Philosophy, Sociology and Psychology of Yerevan State University (YSU). In 1979 he completed postgraduate studies at YSU. In 1981 he graduated from the Institute of Pedagogical Psychology of USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1987 he defended his thesis and was granted PhD in Psychological Sciences.Career
From 1974–1975 he was the head of the editorial-publishing, later sociological researches department of scientific methodical center of Armenian Soviet Socialists Republic Ministry of Culture. From 1976–1979 he worked as an assistant at YSU. In 1979 he became a lecturer and assistant professor. In 1990 he completed a training course in Family and Group Psychotherapy in California, US. In 1995 he was granted the title of full professor. In 2002 he completed the doctorate program at YSU, defended his doctoral dissertation and received a doctoral degree in Psychological Sciences. From 1983–1990 he was Deputy Dean of the YSU Faculty of Philosophy, Sociology and Psychology.In 1991 he founded and became the Rector of the University of Practical Psychology and  Sociology “Urartu”, at the same time chairing the University Scientific Council. In 1999 founded and ran the “Association of Practical Psychologists of Armenia”. He has been an official opponent of many dissertations and supervised many PhD candidates. Public service
He has carried out various public  activities. From 1977-1984 he was the Chairman of the Armenian branch of Young  Psychologists of the organization of USSR Psychologists. From 1980-1983 he was the president of the trade union of YSU philological faculty and was a member of the Scientific Council of the Faculty of Philology of YSU. In 1983 he became an Academic Council member and scientific secretary of the faculty of  Philosophy, Sociology and Psychology of YSU.From 1978-1980 he headed a student construction team in Armenia, later in 1979 in Hungary. In 1984 he led the delegation of Armenian young lecturers in Tunisia. In 1990 he was elected as a member of the Council of International Psychologists. In 1996 he was appointed as a member of the Association of French Psychoanalysts and in 1997 as a member of Psychological Association of Canada. From 1988-1993 he ran the “Center of Psychological Service” organized by Armenian Relief Society of Gyumri (aimed at helping people who had suffered from the earthquake in Spitak); throughout those years on his initiative nearly 60 psychologists and psychiatrists came to Armenia from the US, Canada, France, Russia, Georgia. He coordinated their professional work in the disaster zone. From 1999-2002 he actively participated, as a psychologist-psychoanalyst, in the activities of the “Green House”of Children's Early Socialization Centerfounded by the French psychoanalytic organization.Recognition
In 2005 he was awarded a gold medal after A. Bakunts. In 2015 on the 40th anniversary of his pedagogical activity he was awarded the gold medal of a humanist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate Fridtjof Nansen. Selected publications

Books
 S. A<mask>, V. Yedigaryan. Political Psychology, Yerevan, 2002
 S. A<mask>, V. Yedigaryan. Psychology of Management, Yerevan, 2004
 S. A<mask>. Family Psychology, Yerevan, 2010
 S. A<mask>. Social Psychology of Family, Moscow, 2011
 S. A<mask>an.Family psychology, Methodological Analysis, Las Vegas, NV USA 2014
 S. A<mask>, A. Ghazarosyan, N. Hakobyan. The Psychological Activities in Educational Institutions (Manual), Yerevan, 2016
 S. A<mask>, Professional Competence of Teachers and Administration of General Education Institutions for Teaching Student With Disability as a Technology, Handbook of Research on Students’ Research Competence in Modern Educational Contexts, USA, 2018, p. 455-472

Articles
 S. A<mask>an. The Role of workers' dynasty in formation of professional interests and needs/ in collection of articles: “Psychological problems of improving the quality of educational work and the effectiveness of training students in secondary vocational (technical) schools”, Yerevan, 1977
 S. A<mask>. From the history of the study on the psychological problems of family/ in collection of: Union Conference on: “Actual problems of the history of psychology"(texts of reports), Yerevan, 1984, vol. II
 S. A<mask>, Working family as a subject of succession of professional values/ in collection of articles:“The first Union School-Workshop on “Family and personality", M., 1984
 S. A<mask>an. The ratio of the social to the psychological in the formation of working dynasties, “Banber” Bulletin of Yerevan University, 1989, N 3
 S. A. <mask>an. Armenian Soviet Psychology: “The development and the actual issues of research, Issues of Psychology", 1990, N1
 S. A. <mask>an.The Ratio of the social to the psychological in the process of formation oflabor dynasties; “Banber” Bulletin of Yerevan University "(in Armenian language), 1990, N3
 S. A<mask>. A Renowned scientist-psychologist / Yerevan University Journal, 1993
 S. A<mask>. Handicapped Children in Armenia/“Book of Abstracts”. Theme: New Trends and Developments in Psychology: Beginning the Next 50 Years of ISP 1994/
 S. A<mask>an. Posttraumatic stress reactions after single and double trauma/ Acta Psychiatry scand 1994:0:1-8 Munksgaard1994
 S. A<mask>, G. Mouradyan. Moral-behavioral outburst during the natural disaster/ International Journal of Psychology. International Union of Psychological Science.Abstract of the XXVI International Congress of Psychology. Montreal, Canada 1996, p. 284/
 S. A<mask>. Manmade and natural disasters: A study of posttraumatic stress disorder, International Journal of Psychology. International Union of Psychological Science. Abstract of the XXVI InternationalCongress of Psychology. Montreal, Canada 1996, p. 284/
 S. A<mask>. Children’s fears and the latters’ overcoming in the family / A World between War and Peace: Towards Healthy People, Families and Societies.Jerusalem, Israel. March 11–13, 1997, p. 41/
 S. A<mask>, N. Harutyunyan. Principal Causes of Conflicts in Armenian Families / A World between War and Peace: Towards Healthy People, Families and Societies Jerusalem, Israel. March 11–13, 1997, p. 113/
 S. A<mask>. The psychotherapy of words causing stress/ Psychological Bulletin"Soul", Yerevan, 1998
 S. A<mask>. The Soul: Old and new theories // Psychological Bulletin"Soul", Yerevan, 1998
 S. A<mask>, H. Hovhannisyan. Family Structure Variations under Extraordinary Conditions / Xth Word Family Therapy Congress, Düsseldorf, Germany, May 15–20, 1998/
 S. A. <mask>.A family complex // the revolution of tiny steps, Yerevan, 1998
 S. A<mask>an. "The requirements for psychological tests and the children’s version of the questionnaire “Ayzenk”/ journal "Psychology and Life", "Zangak-97" Pub. No. 1, 2000/
 S. A. <mask>an. "Gurgen Edilyan’s psychological views"/ Journal "Psychology and Life", "Zangak-97" Pub. No. 2, 2000/
 S. A<mask>, A. S. Katunyan."H.M.Tutunjyan’s career and scientific contribution to history of psychology", journal "Psychology and Life", "Zangak-97" Pub. No. 3, 2000/
 S. A<mask>, N. A. Harutyunyan. "The reasons for emergence of intrafamilialconflicts and ways of overcoming them"/, journal" Psychology and Life ", "Zangak-97", Pub. No. 3, 2001/
 S. A. <mask>an. The problem of stress classification: personal and group stress counteractions/ journal "Psychology and Life", "Zangak-97" Pub.No. 3, 2007/
 S. A<mask>. The executive’s role and activities in management/ "Economics" magazine 4, 2007/
 S. A<mask>an. The contemporary problems of socio-psychological study of the family/ Journal "Psychology and Life", "Zangak-97" Pub. No. 3-4, 2008/
 S. A<mask>, H. L. Petrosyan. The role of family therapy in overcoming fears of junior pupils / Journal "Psychology and Life", "Zangak-97" Pub.No. 3-4, 2009/
 S. A<mask>, A. R. Muradyan. Role clashes and manifestations of role competency in intrafamilial relations / Journal "Psychology and Life", "Zangak-97" Pub. No. 1-2, 2011/
 S. A<mask>, H. L. Kirakosyan. Psychological consequesnces and the manifestation features of the earthquake/ Journal "Psychology and Life", "Zangak-97", Yerevan, N 3-4, 2011/
 S. A<mask>an. The Origin of Family roles and its ratio to self-consciousness/,materials from international conference of "Contemporary problems of theoretical and applied psychology", Yerevan, 2011/
 S. A. <mask>an.Family as a social group and its socio-psychological structure/ Family psychology and family therapy", 3, Moscow, 2011/
 S. A<mask>an. The types and levels of intrafamilial crises/, Journal "Psychology and Life", "Zangak-97" Pub. No. 3-4, 2012/
 S. A<mask>an. The principle of transfer in the context of family roles / materials from international scientific conference of "Contemporary problems of theoretical and applied psychology", Yerevan, 2013/
 S. A<mask>, A. R.<mask>. The issue of Psychological counseling on the borderline of mental health/ materials from international scientific conference of "Contemporary problems of theoretical and applied psychology", Yerevan, 2013/
 S. A<mask>, A. A. Stepanyan.On the issue of family functions (methodological analysis)/ Scientific journal of inter-university consortium "Pedagogy and Psychology Issues", № 3, 2013/
 S. A<mask>,  A. N. Mnatsakanyan. The impact of parental attitude towards children with special needs on the efficiency ofinclusive education/ Scientific journal of intra-university Consortium "Pedagogy and Psychology Issues", № 3, pp. 124–129, Yerevan 2014
 S. A<mask>. Intrafamilial adjustment and family creation/ V International scientific conference of "Contemporary problems of theoretical and applied psychology", Yerevan State University, 2015/
 S. A<mask>, M. Tozalakyan. The family’s involvement in comprehensive treatment of children with obsessive-compulsive disorders based on clinical experience/ V International scientific conference of "Contemporary problems of theoretical and applied psychology", Yerevan State University, pp. 270–272, Yerevan, 2015/
 S. A. <mask>an. Sociometry and Familial Status-Role Relations, /Wisdom, Yerevan State Pedagogical University/, pp.118–123, Yerevan 2015
S.<mask>. Professional competence of teachers and administration of general education institutions for teaching student with disability as a technology(p. 144-169) Handbook of Research on Students' Research Competence in Modern Educational Contexts, Hershey, PA, USA: IGI Global.2018

References

1950 births
Living people
Armenian psychologists
Yerevan State University alumni
Yerevan State University faculty

masks:
Sedrak A
. Sedrakyan
. Sedrakyan
. Sedrakyan
. Sedrakyan
. Sedrakyan
. Sedraky
. Sedrakyan
. Sedrakyan
. Sedraky
. Sedrakyan
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. Sedraky
Sedraky
Sedraky
. Sedrakyan
. Sedrakyan
. Sedraky
. Sedrakyan
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Sedraky
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Sedraky
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. Sedraky
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. Sedraky
Sedraky
. Sedraky
. Sedraky
. Sedrakyan
Avagyants
. Sedrakyan
. Sedrakyan
. Sedrakyan
. Sedrakyan
Sedraky
A Sedrakyan


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Rear-Admiral Sir <mask>,  (19 June 1914 – 4 May 2013) was a Royal Navy officer, decorated during the Second World War, who later served as a Conservative Member of Parliament. At the time of his death, he was the oldest living former member of the House of Commons. Early life
The eldest son of <mask> OBE, Naval architect and yacht designer, and <mask> (née Carus-Wilson), <mask>' childhood was spent idyllically "messing around with boats" at Teignmouth, where his father had his boatyard. The family lived across the river at Shaldon, necessitating a short row across the Teign River several times a day. <mask> said that he could "row before he could walk". <mask>' first memory was of his father (on sick leave from the Royal Navy with petrol poisoning during the First World War) building a little dinghy for his young son. Due to the war, there was a shortage of good wood, and legend has it that <mask> could not find quite what he wanted to finish her off.His wife came home one day to find the best table in the house had mysteriously vanished but the little boat had a new mahogany transom. When the boat was completed (she was called Pip Emma and is now in the National Maritime Museum Cornwall in Falmouth) the three-year-old <mask> was placed in her and launched out to sea. This started off his lifelong passion for boats and the sea. As a child <mask>' family would spend their Easter holidays at Swallerton Gate on Dartmoor. In 1928, when he was 14 he managed to save enough pocket money to buy a Douglas flat-twin motorbike for £2, which was also 14 years old. In addition to this form of transport, he was lent a little motor boat, one of the first in-board motor boats, originally designed and built by his father, called Shush (also in the National Maritime Museum Cornwall) in which he spent nearly every waking hour, buzzing about on the river. His father built a succession of sailing boats for <mask>, and his brothers and sister, to race, which they did with great success at regattas up and down the coast of Devon and Cornwall.<mask> was educated at Clifton College. At Clifton he demonstrated his ability to work the system as he wanted to crew for his father in a sailing race, but was told that instead he must attend a cricket match between Clifton College and Tonbridge School. So he took the train to London, passed through the turnstile at Lord's Cricket Ground; straight in, round and out again, and took the train down to Ryde, on the Isle of Wight, where father and son entered the race, and won; this was the Prince of Wales Cup, one of the most prestigious National dinghy races of the year. Early naval career
<mask> joined the China Fleet as a midshipman at 18 in 1932, serving on a variety of ships, including Yangtze river patrol boats. He first sailed in the training cruiser  to the West Indies and the Baltic. He was then appointed to the Australian destroyer  before serving in ,  and  on the China Station before returning home to join the torpedo school at . He was promoted to Torpedo Specialist in 1938.Second World War
During the Second World War, <mask> served on  during the Norwegian Campaign in 1940,  escorting Atlantic convoys, and took part in the Battle of Oran. In 1941, he was sent to the Suez Canal, where he was in charge of the anti-magnetic mine campaign. In April of that year, he acted as a liaison with the Royal Air Force using Wellington bombers as torpedo bombers. During his time with No. 201 Group RAF at Dekheila he survived three serious aeroplane crashes (one of which he was the sole survivor). Following a period of staff training at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, <mask> was then send to the Far East as Staff Officer Operations of Force W. There he accepted the Japanese surrender of Thailand. George Medal
<mask> was awarded the George Medal for "gallantry and undaunted devotion to duty" during bomb and mine disposal work while serving at HMS Nile, the naval base at Ras el-Tin Point, Alexandria.<mask> had been sent to help clear the ships from the harbour as quickly as possible, because they were loaded with explosive and ammunition, and (although unknown at the time) mustard gas. Whilst on board , helping to get move the ship out of the harbour to minimise losses, a bomb struck a nearby ammunition ship, and he was hurled the length of the deck, but was uninjured amongst the wreckage and fire. He was nevertheless able to climb onto an American Liberty ship, SS Lyman Abbott that was blocking the harbour exit. Once aboard, he found not a single man alive, and no power, therefore no method of weighing her anchor. He, and two other men that had joined him, were therefore forced to tamp explosive into the anchor chain, light the fuse and take cover. The explosion severed the cable, and they eventually managed to get the ship towed out of the way. It emerged after the war that Lyman Abbott had also had mustard gas on board.Had Lyman Abbott been hit whilst still inside Bari's harbour, the casualties from the mustard gas would likely have been extensive. Siege of Tobruk
<mask> later served with the Tobruk Garrison, in Tobruk during the Siege of Tobruk, where he 'swam' a mine out of the harbour, before being made the liaison officer in , and after that the . As an Acting Lieutenant Commander, he joined Sir Fitzroy Maclean's mission to Yugoslavia in October 1943, at his particular request. Initially the Admiralty wanted to send him elsewhere, so Fitzroy had to appeal to the top..."you said I could have anyone I want for this mission", he asked Winston Churchill, "and I want <mask>". The prime minister agreed, over-ruled the Second Sea Lord, and <mask> joined Fitzroy in Cairo, and was promoted to Acting Lieutenant-Commander. <mask> became the Senior Naval Officer, based in Vis, in charge of running boats with guns and supplies across the Adriatic from Italy to the Dalmatian Islands in support of Tito's partisans. While aboard , he commanded a Royal Navy force off the Kvarner Gulf Pag Island in Action of 1 November 1944 against the Kriegsmarine.Post-war
From 1945 to 1948 <mask> served in Ceylon, Cape Town, England, and Trieste. In 1950 he became the Captain of HMS Chieftain, then stationed in Malta. In 1953, he was promoted to Chief of Naval Intelligence, Far East. He became Captain (D) of the Dartmouth Training Squadron in 1957, then moved to HMS Vernon Torpedo School in 1958. He took command as Captain of , then Flagship of the Far East Fleet, in 1961. He was promoted to rear admiral in 1963, the same year he became President of Royal Naval College, Greenwich. He left the Royal Navy in January 1964 to stand for Parliament.Parliamentary career
Retiring from the Royal Navy in January 1964, <mask> stood for Parliament for the Conservative Party in his local constituency of Winchester at a by-election following the resignation of Peter Smithers (who had been appointed to the Council of Europe) and was elected a Member of Parliament on 14 May 1964. He is known to have regarded being an MP as a retirement occupation. His House of Commons speeches were often greeted by affectionate Labour Party cries of "Send a gunboat" because of the impression that he gave of steaming into action with all guns blazing on behalf of his constituency and also in loyal protection of any perceived threat to the Services. Charles Moore writing in the Spectator regarded his Pro bono publico. No bloody panico utterance to stop a row over Europe as his best contribution to Parliament – a sentence also used by Norman Tebbit about the in-fighting in the Conservative party during the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum. Once, while still in hospital after a riding accident, <mask> wrote to James Callaghan, the then prime minister, of "the cold, silent, teeth-clenched fury" among servicemen about a pay review board, which "did not seem to know, in blunt nautical language, whether it's on its arse or elbow". He complained that Wrens only received threepence extra a day after four years' good service: "That is not much to give a girl for saying 'Yes, Sir' all day and then 'No, Sir' all night."Yet he opposed Wrens serving on warships because: "woman’s eternal role is to create life and nurture it; a fighting man must be prepared to kill. Women do wonderful things for men but combat duty to defend us should not be one of them. Vive la difference." He served in the House of Commons until 1979, when he stood down and was succeeded by John Browne. Other interests
In 1971, hearing that his beloved  was due to be scrapped, <mask> started "Operation Sea Horse", which had the object of forming the "HMS Belfast Trust", and saving the Belfast by transforming her into a museum. The Belfast became part of the Imperial War Museum in 1978. <mask> was Prime Warden of the Shipwrights' Company 1987–88.He had farming interests in Hampshire and New South Wales. Awards and honours
<mask> was Mentioned in Despatches once in 1942, twice in 1944, and once more in 1945. He received the George Medal in 1941, was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1944 and advanced to an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1944, and was awarded a Distinguished Service Order in 1945. <mask> was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1985 New Year Honours List for political services, and was made Deputy Lieutenant of Hampshire in 1983. He also was awarded the Order of the Partisan Star (Yugoslavia) by Josip Broz Tito. Family life
<mask> married twice (both wives predeceasing him) and had six children by his first wife, Pamela Bushell, daughter of P.H. Bushell of Darling Point, Sydney, whom he married in 1946.He wrote an autobiography for the benefit of his extensive family, entitled The Unforgiving Minute. His son, Rodney Charles <mask>-Giles, married Sarah Jennifer, third daughter of Sir Hereward Wake, 14th Baronet; they have four sons and a daughter. <mask>'s second daughter, Melita, married Victor Lampson, the third Baron Killearn. He died aged 98 on 4 May 2013. See also
Barons Killearn
Wake baronets
Bolitho family

References

External links

 Debrett's People of Today
 www.shipwrights.co.uk

|-

1914 births
2013 deaths
People educated at Clifton College
Royal Navy admirals
Royal Navy officers of World War II
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Recipients of the George Medal
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1959–1964
UK MPs 1964–1966
UK MPs 1966–1970
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
Politics of Winchester
Deputy Lieutenants of Hampshire
Knights Bachelor
Admiral presidents of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich

masks:
Morgan Charles Morgan Giles
Francis Charles Morgan Giles
Ivy Constance Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
FC Morgan Giles
Morgan
Morgan Giles
Morgan
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Morgan Giles
Howard Morgan
Morgan Giles


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<mask> (born 1979 in Vienna) is an Austrian visual artist based in Vienna. He studied visual art at the Academy of Fine arts Vienna and at the Bauhaus University Weimar and is a researcher and teacher for Trans-disciplinary art at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. He is most known for his interventions in public space and projects dealing with the commemoration of the Holocaust. Together with the Austrian architect Gabu Heindl he won the controversial monument competition From Those You Saved in Warsaw. Major works

The White Elephant Archive
A performance project that explores the Holocaust from the perspective of the generation of Austrians living today. The performance was shown between 2012 and 2018 in different settings in Austria, Germany, and Poland, Israel, Hungary and the United States. The piece is performed in English, since many of the individuals it should speak to — descendants of Jews who escaped Vienna from National-socialism, living today in Britain, the United States and Israel — do not understand German.Matti Bunzl, the director of the Wien Museum, sees the White Elephant Archive performance as an "examination of history and memory in post-Holocaust Vienna," a "product of deep knowledge of Austria’s past" and Freudmann as "one of the most original artists working in Central Europe today." The Monument May Be A Forest
A monument project Freudmann created in collaboration with the Austrian architect Gabu Heindl. It is the winner of the controversial monument competition From Those You Saved in Warsaw, to commemorate Polish righteous gentiles who saved Jews during the Holocaust. The plans to erect the monument next to the POLIN Museum, in the heart of the former Warsaw Ghetto, were harshly criticized by a significant number of Polish Jews. The president of the Jewish Community of Warsaw (pl) Anna Chipczyńska said she had regrets that they could not find an alternative site that would allow both the honouring of the Righteous Among the Nations as well as avoiding controversies and disagreements. Polish writer Bożena Keff expressed her view that the location of the monument was less about respecting history and more an act of propaganda. <mask> and Heindl decided to include the controversies in their monument project and proposed to plant a forest nursery consisting of thousands of saplings next to the museum.After 1,5 years the saplings would be replanted as a forest at an urban location in Warsaw to be agreed upon by the protagonists of the conflict. An international jury of 10 architects, artists, and curators chose The Monument May Be A Forest as winning proposal, because the project represented the commemoration of the processual aspect rather than just using imposing physical presence, it is based on "notions of care, commitment, fragility and risk" as well as the actual act of sheltering the Jews and has the potential to spread the commemoration across time and space." POLIN's deputy director Zygmunt Stępiński said it was a good opportunity for the museum, opening up space for an educational program that had the opportunity to spread across the country. He also considered it was more complex than just setting a monument in front of the museum. The architect of the POLIN Museum, Rainer Mahlamäki, one of the judges who voted for the trees, sees the winner of the competition as a new type of art and memorial as opposed to a monument. After the jury's decision had been published in April 2015, Sigmund Rolat, the founder the organization Remembrance and Future Foundation that run the project, denounced the design. In February 2016 Rolat invited the Israeli sculptor Dani Karavan to take on the project but he declined after he had read an article written by <mask> and Heindl, in which they criticize the foundation and their course of action.In April 2016 Karavan announced that he accepted the commission to build the monument, thereby sparking another furor. To this day the monument for the Polish righteous gentiles has not been built. Unearthing A Nazi Poet
A collaborative project and artistic intervention in public space carried out by the collective Plattform Geschichtspolitik (Platform History-Politics). The group of students, teachers and activists at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna was formed during the 2009 education protests in Vienna to critically deal with the institution's entanglement in colonialism, Austro-Fascism and Nazism. The group's artistic intervention aimed at drawing public attention to the monument to Josef Weinheber, an Austrian poet and Nazi functionary. Weinheber wrote numerous Nazi propaganda poems, got appointed an honorary member of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna during Nazism and was listed on Adolf Hitler's Gottbegnadeten list. The monument is standing in Vienna's centrally located Schiller Park, next to monuments for the poets Friedrich Schiller, Franz Werfel, Nikolaus Lenau and Anastasius Grün.Weinheber's monument was erected in 1975 to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the poet's death. He had committed suicide by taking an overdose of morphine at the time of the advance march of the Red Army. The monument consisted of a sandstone plinth with a bronze bust of the poet, created in 1940 by Josef Bock, a Viennese sculptor who had also made portraits of Adolf Hitler. The monument repeatedly got vandalized and marked with anti-Fascist slogans. The bust got stolen twice and had to be re-cast by the cultural department of the City of Vienna, who has been in charge of maintaining the monument. Reacting to the anti-Fascist interventions the city administration decided in 1991 to reconfigure the monument by fortifying it. The sandstone plinth was substituted with polished marble because it was easier to clean.In order to anchor the monument to the ground and provide stability the plinth was mounted in a large underground concrete foundation. In 2010 the Plattform Geschichtspolitik group created a paper wrapping for the Weinheber monument, saying “A monument honoring a Nazi belittles Nazism and the Shoah”. The wrapping remained in place for several weeks and resulted in a series of negotiations with the city's department for public art to artistically reconfigure the monument. The group's proposal to excavate the monument's underground foundation was supported by a number of prominent supporters such as Austria's winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature Elfriede Jelinek, authors Josef Haslinger, Julya Rabinovich, Doron Rabinovici, Robert Schindel and Marlene Streeruwitz, and art theorists Sabeth Buchmann and Diedrich Diederichsen. In 2013 the city administration eventually declined the group's proposal. On Friday, June 28, 2013, the group decided to carry out a temporary artistic intervention at the monument without official authorization and excavated the foundation which they considered an essential element of the monument. The intervention aimed at “sparking a debate about how to proceed with the contextualization and artistic reconfiguration of [the] Nazi monument”.The excavation remained intact over the weekend, on Monday morning it was undone by the city's gardening department. The intervention had sparked a public debate on how to deal with monuments dedicated to problematic historical figures, manifesting in a number of media articles and statements by politicians and intellectuals. The Austrian writer Josef Haslinger stated that he considers the small wound created by the artists in the turf of Schiller Park as a metaphor for the large wound Nazism had left in the country's intellectual history and he blamed the city administration of covering up history by reversing the intervention instead of facing up to the debate. Vienna's City Councilor for Culture and Science, Andreas Mailath-Pokorny, of the Austrian Social-Democratic Party, claimed that he appreciated the group's effort and the foundation could have remained excavated for a while if parks and garden division colleagues hadn’t beat him to the punch. He also proposed that the monument should be reconfigured and re-contextualized and encouraged the artist group to re-submit their proposal to the city's department for public art. Klaus Werner-Lobo of the Austrian Green Party endorsed the artistic intervention and stated his support for the City Councilor's endeavor to reconfigure the monument, while Christian Ebinger of the Austrian Freedom Party criticized the intervention's iconoclast character, suggesting that such actions would lead to an erasement of history. The “Weinheber Society”, the formal owner of the monument, announced that it would remove the monument from public space in case the city administration would decide to reconfigure it.Plattform Geschichtspolitik's re-submitted proposal for the artistic reconfiguration was approved by the city's department for public art but the granted funding was too low to realize the endeavor and the monument remained unchanged. Maia Nichols of the Droste Effect Magazine claims that by failing to facilitate the reconfiguration of the monument the city government “evades owning up to capture an awareness of their position and role in mitigating and extending the history of Nazism and the various stances towards fascism of their people”. Curator Sarah Mendelsohn points out, that the slow negotiations with the city authorities and the continual discourse on the reconfiguration can be seen as a “bigger project” leading to the understanding that “monuments and memorials provide stages that can be acted on, and that can be altered”. In 2017 the video work "Poeta Laureatus! ", consisting of the intervention's documentation, was produced by Chris Gangl, <mask> and Tatiana Kai-Browne of Plattform Geschichtspolitik and first exhibited at the 11th Kaunas Biennial. In the video they claim that the negotiations with the city administration are still ongoing. although,

References

External links
 Artist website
 “Swastikas?Ornaments!” as a Continuity of Repression - History-Political Conditions of a Public Art and Educational Institution
 Squatting the Crisis - On the current protests in education and perspectives on radical change
 Austrian Artists Revamp Nazi Poet Memorial

1979 births
Living people
Academy of Fine Arts Vienna alumni
Academy of Fine Arts Vienna faculty
Austrian artists

masks:
Eduard Freudmann
Freudmann
Freudmann
Eduard Freudmann


text_chunks:
<mask> (August 12, 1806 – November 16, 1893) was a poet, fiction writer, editor, lecturer, and women's rights activist whose career spanned six decades, from the 1830s to the 1880s. Most well-known at the start of her professional career for her poem "The Sinless Child" which appeared in the Southern Literary Messenger in 1842, her reputation today rests on her feminist writings, including "Woman and Her Needs", a series of essays published in the New York Tribune between 1850 and 1851 that argued for women's spiritual and intellectual capacities as well as women's equal rights to political and economic opportunities, including rights of franchise and higher education. Biography
<mask> was born August 12, 1806, near North Yarmouth, Maine, to David Prince and Sophia née Blanchard. After her father died at sea in 1809, her family lived with her maternal and paternal grandparents until her mother remarried and moved with her stepfather to Cape Elizabeth, Maine, then Portland, Maine. In her autobiography (parts of which were published in the 1860s and 1880s), she recalls being a precocious student, and at age twelve taught in a Sunday School for black children. Despite her wishes to attend college like her male cousins, however, she was married in 1823 at the age of sixteen to a thirty-year-old magazine editor and later humorist, <mask>, best known for his “Jack Downing” series. Descendants and family businesses
Between 1824 and 1834 she bore six sons, Benjamin Oaksmith (1824), Rolvin (1825–1832), Appleton Oaksmith (1828–1887), Sidney (1830–1869), Alvin (1832–1902) and Edward (1834–1865), and thus for the first decade of her marriage, <mask> managed a growing household, which included not only her own sons but also, at times, apprentices and printers of her husband's newspaper ventures.What she wrote for her husband's newspaper, The Eastern Argus, or later his Portland Daily Courier is unclear, but in her husband's absence in 1833, <mask> assumed editorial responsibilities for the Courier. By the late thirties, <mask> had begun to contribute regularly to the newspapers her husband edited as well as other magazines, anonymously or over the signature “E.”

New York literary world
Caught up in the fever of land speculation during the 1830s, <mask>'s husband invested in a tract of land near Monson, Maine, known in correspondence between <mask> and her husband as “Number 8.”  When land values plummeted in the Panic of 1837, <mask> lost much of his fortune and attempted to recover his losses by backing an invention designed to clean Sea Grass Cotton in South Carolina. After briefly removing to Charleston, South Carolina, <mask> and her husband moved their family to New York City in 1838 and began to pursue tandem literary careers. On their arrival, <mask> and her family boarded with cousins of the Princes, Dr. Cyrus and Maria Child Weeks, but they soon moved to Brooklyn, where <mask> emerged as a recognized name in the New York literary world. In their new home, both <mask> and her husband contributed to literary magazines such as Godey's Lady's Book, the Snowden's Ladies' Companion, among other journals and gift books, and soon <mask> published her first novel, Riches Without Wings, a children's story that appealed to victims of the Panic of 1837 with a moral message favoring spiritual over material wealth. <mask> received her first wide literary notice with narrative poem entitled "The Sinless Child," published serially in the Southern Literary Messenger January and February 1842, and a first edition of her collected poems, The Sinless Child and Other Poems,  was published by John Keese later that year, with introductions by Keese, John Neal and Henry Theodore Tuckerman. Neal had helped launch Smith's career by publishing and reviewing her early work in The Yankee magazine (1828–1829).Throughout the 40s, she would continue to write poetry and fiction for other popular magazines and gift books, but she also found time for two novels, The Western Captive, which appeared in a “supplement” edition (really the model of the early paperback novel) to Park Benjamin's  New World in 1842, and The Salamander, a highly allegorical story based on the history and legends of iron workers in the Ramapo Valley, in 1848. <mask> <mask> wrote of what is apparently the first woman’s account of an ascent of [[Katahdin]] reaching the summit of Pamola on 26 September 1849 by way of the Avalanche. Her impression of the summit: “The view from the summit of Katahdin is indeed sublime – and though we had but a momentary and imperfect gleam, it is one to live and grow upon the memory. Mountains spread in the distance, Moosehead Lake fifty miles to the west shows its rare beauty, and Chesuncook, with its hundred isles; the Twin Lakes, whose Indian cognomen I have forgotten, and Katahdin Lake ten miles in the distance, which looked as if one might toss a pebble into it. These lakes and rivers, including the east and west branches of the Penobscot, are beautiful indeed, but solitary images, with not a vestige of civilization, and the prevailing impression from Mt. Katahdin is one of immense and desolate grandeur. The unbroken sweep of forest lies low, and the irregularities so hidden in space, that the idea of trees is lost and looks like a smooth lawn with varied and striking shades of greenness”

Women's Rights Movement
<mask> was not a member of the select group at the Seneca Falls Convention assembled to discuss the rights of women in 1848, but by that time she had for some years written occasionally on the subject of woman's social, political and economic situation.As she recorded in her autobiography, her attendance at the first National Women's Rights Convention in October, 1850 in Worcester inspired her to focus her efforts specifically on woman's rights, and she began a series of ten articles on woman's rights and capacities for Horace Greeley's New York Tribune entitled "Woman and Her Needs" (Nov. 1850 – June 1851), published in pamphlet form by Fowler and Wells in late 1851. In June 1851, she began lecturing publicly on the same subjects from New York and into New England, becoming the first woman to lecture regularly on the Lyceum movement circuit. In 1852, her tours extended west to St. Louis and Chicago. In September of that year, she was nominated by a select committee to serve as President of the National Women's Rights Convention in Syracuse but was rejected for that position when she and her friend Paulina Wright Davis arrived in dresses which exposed the neck and arms. Through the first half of the 1850s, <mask> continued her work on behalf of women, expanding her lecture tours into the midwest as far as Chicago. She circulated a prospectus for a feminist journal, The Egeria, and collected several subscriptions, but she abandoned the idea when fellow activist Paulina Wright Davis began The Una in February 1853. In 1854, she published two novels, Bertha and Lily; or the Parsonage at Beech Glen, which presented many of her woman's rights positions (sometimes drawn directly from her lectures) in the words of its title character, and The Newsboy, a novel which exposed the conditions of poverty and child labor in New York.In addition to these extended works, both of which were reprinted in several editions, <mask> edited and contributed to several of her husbands new ventures in journalism, including The Weekly Budget (1853–54) and a series of newspaper ventures combined in the mid-fifties under the title Emerson’s Monthly and United States Magazine. In 1855, <mask> and her family moved back to New York City for the first time since their arrival in the area in the late 30s, placing a down payment of eleven thousand dollars on a home near St. Mark's Place. In November 1858, <mask> and her family purchased Emerson’s Monthly, which continued for a year as The Great Republic, published by Oaksmith and company. (From this time, and perhaps earlier, her sons legally adopted the name Oaksmith as their own.) In 1859, <mask> and her husband retired to a large home in rural Patchogue Long Island  which they named “The Willows.”

Son Appleton's arrest
Given the difficulties of their publishing ventures, <mask> and her family's removal to Patchogue after only four years in their New York City residence seems to indicate a kind of social retrenchment, but the political upheaval of the American Civil War may have played an equal role. During the 1850s, <mask>'s son Appleton Oaksmith had ventured into the shipping business, eventually purchasing several ships of his own. He had also, however, involved himself in the filibuster campaigns of General William Walker in Nicaragua, actually accepting the office of secretary in Walker's new "government" and helping arrange for the supply of Walker's small military force.When Walker's bid for US recognition failed and his militia was ousted from the country, there is mounting evidence that Appleton began to employ his ships in support of the Confederate states, at least in gun-running if not by allowing his ships to be used in the transport of slaves. In December 1861, Appleton was captured on Fire Island, New York and indicted for equipping a slave ship. With Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus in effect, he was quickly jailed, and the entire family was placed in a compromised political and social position. Thus, the Civil War years were especially difficult for <mask>'s family, who vehemently maintained Appleton's innocence. <mask> spent years seeking audiences with government officials in New York and finally with the President of the United States to procure her son's innocence. (He later did receive a Presidential pardon.) Even so, with her husband advancing in age and infirmity, she continued to write to make a living, placing her work in a variety of journals and lecturing where she could.With the nation's attention focused on the war and issues of slavery, her popularity and prominence in the cultural conversation were challenged, but in 1865 she began a series of “autobiographic notes” in Beadle's Monthly Magazine, later continued in the 1880s in The Home Journal. The autobiography was never published in complete form, but is available in manuscript form at the New York Public Library. Spiritual years
Challenged and stigmatized by Appleton's arrest and exile to London during the war, <mask> experienced more misfortune as the 1860s decade came to a close with the death of her son Edward from yellow fever in 1865, the death of her now aged husband in 1868, and the death by drowning of her son Sidney in 1869. She sold her own home in Patchogue in 1870 and began living with her son Alvin in nearby Blue Point, New York on Long Island. When Appleton returned to the United States in the 1870s, purchasing a property in Beaufort, North Carolina, <mask> lived alternately between the two sons' homes. Undaunted by her reverses, she continued to publish poetry and articles in both popular and religious journals. In 1877, she served as pastor of The Independent Church in Canastota, New York, and she continued to attend conventions on Women's Suffrage.In January, 1879, she delivered a lecture entitled "Biology and Woman's Rights" at 11th Woman's Suffrage Convention, in Washington D.C.
As fragments of her personal journal from the late 1880s demonstrate, <mask> turned increasingly to a traditional religious faith in her later years. She outlived all of her immediate family, save her youngest son Alvin. By the time of her death in 1893 her fictional works had suffered the fate of all outmoded popular styles and themes, while her feminist works would have to await the renewed interest of activists and scholars in the 1970s and 80s. She was buried beside her husband Seba, and son Edward, in the Lakeview Cemetery, in Patchogue, New York. Archive
<mask>'s papers are in the Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia and include  manuscripts, correspondence, diaries, scrapbooks, notebooks, and journals of <mask> and her immediate family. <mask> was a prolific letter-writer whose correspondents include <mask>, Augustus Whittemore Corliss, Sallie Holley, and Sarah Helen Whitman. References

Further reading

External links

<mask>es <mask> at History of American Women
"Woman and Her Needs"
Elizabeth Oakes Smith Society and Newsletter

1806 births
1893 deaths
19th-century American poets
People from Cape Elizabeth, Maine
Poets from Maine
American women poets
People from North Yarmouth, Maine
People from Canastota, New York
People from Beaufort, North Carolina
People from Blue Point, New York
19th-century American women writers

masks:
Elizabeth Oakes Smith
Smith
Seba Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Oakes
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Elizabeth Bogart
Elizabeth Oak
Smith


text_chunks:
<mask> (née Clayton: born on May 2, 1996 in Columbia, Missouri) is an American freestyle and folkstyle wrestler who competes internationally at 65 kilograms and collegiately at 141 pounds. In freestyle, Eierman is the reigning US Open National champion, medaled at the 2019 Pan American Games, earned runner–up honors from the 2018 US Open Nationals and was the 2019 US U23 National Champion. In folkstyle, he is the 2021 NCAA DI National runner-up and is the reigning B1G champion out of the University of Iowa, and was a three–time NCAA All-American and a three–time MAC champion for the Missouri Tigers, before transferring as a senior. Folkstyle career

High school
Eierman was born to Heather Thurston in Columbia, Missouri, where he attended Tolton High School. As a high schooler, Eierman went on to become the second undefeated wrestler in the history of Missouri to claim four MSHSAA titles in four years of varsity. Entering his senior year, he committed to the Missouri Tigers. After graduation, <mask> changed his last name Clayton to Eierman, honoring his life-long coach Mike Eierman.College

University of Missouri
In his first season ('15–'16), Eierman was redshirted and compiled a 22–2 record at 133 pounds competing unattached in open tournaments. As a freshman, he moved up to 141 pounds and went on to compile a 29–7 record, claimed a Mid-American Conference title and placed fifth at the NCAAs, becoming an All-American. As a sophomore, Eierman improved his record to 34–3, repeated as the MAC champion and went on to place fourth at the NCAA championships. In his final year officially competing as a Tiger, Eierman racked up a 28–4 record, won his last MAC title (named Outstanding Wrestler) and went on to keep improving his position as an All-American at Nationals, placing third. For 2019–2020, <mask> took an Olympic redshirt. As a Tiger, Eierman went 89–14 overall. University of Iowa
In November 2019, <mask> transferred to the University of Iowa.Coming back to folkstyle, Eierman went 5–0 during regular season, with notable wins over Anthony Echemendia from Ohio State, Chad Red from Nebraska and Dylan Duncan from Illinois. On February 8, it was announced that the Iowa Hawkeyes wrestling team had suspended all team related activities during regular season due to COVID-19 results. At the B1G Championships, Eierman made it to the finals with another win over Chad Red, and defeated Penn State's Nick Lee to claim the title, also helping the Hawkeyes claim the team championship. At the NCAAs, Eierman got notable falls to make his first final, defeating ninth-seeded Dresden Simon and fourth seeded Tariq Wilson. In a razor close match against finalist Nick Lee, in overtime, Eierman was defeated by Lee, claiming runner-up honors and helping to Iowa's first team title in 11 years. As the NCAA granted winter athletes one more year of eligibility due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Eierman confirmed he will come back in 2021–2022, as a 25 year old, sixth-year senior. Freestyle career

2017–2018
During his first years competing in senior freestyle, Eierman most notably placed second at the 2018 US Open and third at the 2018 US World Team Trials.He also competed internationally, placing eight at the Polish Open. 2019–2021
<mask> started off 2019 by placing fifth at the US Open and the US World Team Trials and followed up by becoming the US U23 National Champion and representative for the U23 World Championships. Four days before the event, it was announced that <mask> would replace Zain Retherford and attend the 2019 Pan American Games, in which he ended up bringing a bronze medal to the United States. He went on to place eight at the U23 World Championships. In 2020, <mask> placed fifth at the US National Championships, and earned the biggest win of his career when he defeated World and Olympic champion Vladimer Khinchegashvili at the HWC Showdown Open. In May 2, 2021, <mask> claimed his first US Open National Championship. Freestyle record

!colspan="7"| Senior Freestyle Matches
|-
! Res.
! Record
! Opponent
! Score
! Date
! Event
!Location
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|36–20
|align=left| Joey McKenna
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 0–10
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=6|October 10–11, 2020
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=6|2020 US Senior National Championships
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=6|
 Coralville, Iowa
|-
|Loss
|36–19
|align=left| Evan Henderson
|style="font-size:88%"|5–13
|-
|Win
|36–18
|align=left| Matthew Kolodzik
|style="font-size:88%"|6–5
|-
|Win
|35–18
|align=left| Ethan Lizak
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
|Win
|34–18
|align=left| Jordin Humphrey
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 11–0
|-
|Win
|33–18
|align=left| Joey Jones
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 10–0
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|32–18
|align=left| Frank Molinaro
|style="font-size:88%"|2–8
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=4|December 20–22, 2019
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=4|2019 US Senior National Championships
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=4|
 Fort Worth, Texas
|-
|Win
|32–17
|align=left| Rob Mathers
|style="font-size:88%"|16–15
|-
|Loss
|31–17
|align=left| Nick Lee
|style="font-size:88%"|6–10
|-
|Win
|31–16
|align=left| Ali Yousefi
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 13–0
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|30–16
|align=left| Ernazar Akmataliev
|style="font-size:88%"|13–13
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=2|October 29, 2019
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=2|2019 U23 World Championships
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=2|
 Budapest, Hungary
|-
|Win
|30–15
|align=left| Abolfazl Hajipouramiji
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Win
|29–15
|align=left| Agustín Destribats
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 15–4
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=2|August 9, 2019
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=2|2019 Pan American Games
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=2|
 Lima, Peru
|-
|Loss
|28–15
|align=left| Alejandro Valdés
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 0–10
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|21–13
|align=left| Frank Molinaro
|style="font-size:88%"|8–10
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=4|May 17–19, 2019
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=4|2019 US World Team Trials Challenge
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=4|
 Raleigh, North Carolina
|-
|Win
|21–12
|align=left| Dom Demas
|style="font-size:88%"|20–15
|-
|Win
|20–12
|align=left| Dean Heil
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 13–2
|-
|Loss
|19–12
|align=left| Frank Molinaro
|style="font-size:88%"|7–11
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|19–11
|align=left| Frank Molinaro
|style="font-size:88%"|5–8
|style="font-size:88%"

masks:
Jaydin Selsor Eierman
Jaydin
Eierman
Eierman
Eierman
Eierman
Eierman
Eierman


text_chunks:
 rowspan=6|April 24–27, 2019
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=6|2019 US Open National Championships
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=6|
 Las Vegas, Nevada
|-
|Loss
|19–10
|align=left| Zain Retherford
|style="font-size:88%"|3–11
|-
|Win
|19–9
|align=left| Dean Heil
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
|Win
|18–9
|align=left| Bryce Meredith
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
|Win
|17–9
|align=left| Joey Ward
|style="font-size:88%"|8–5
|-
|Win
|16–9
|align=left| Kyle Todrank
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 10–0
|-
!style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|15–9
|align=left| George Bucur
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 10–21
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=2|September 7–9, 2018
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=2|2018 Poland Open
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=2|
 Warsaw, Poland
|-
|Win
|15–8
|align=left| Beka Lomtadze
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Win
|14–8
|align=left| Andy Simmons
|style="font-size:88%"|9–5
|style="font-size:88%" |June 22–23, 2018
|style="font-size:88%" |2018 Final X: Lehigh - True thirds
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" |
 Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
|-
|Loss
|13–8
|align=left| Logan Stieber
|style="font-size:88%"|1–7
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=3|May 18–20, 2018
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=3|2018 US World Team Trials Challenge
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=3|
 Rochester, Minnesota
|-
|Loss
|13–7
|align=left| Logan Stieber
|style="font-size:88%"|5–10
|-
|Win
|13–6
|align=left| Jayson Ness
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|12–6
|align=left| Joey McKenna
|style="font-size:88%"|3–7
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=5|April 24–28, 2018
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=5|2018 US Open National Championships
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=5|
 Las Vegas, Nevada
|-
|Win
|12–5
|align=left| Nick Dardanes
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 10–0
|-
|Win
|11–5
|align=left| Logan Stieber
|style="font-size:88%"|6–5
|-
|Win
|10–5
|align=left| Jayson Ness
|style="font-size:88%"|7–4
|-
|Win
|9–5
|align=left| Jake Tanenbaum
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 14–4
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Win
|8–5
|align=left| Brock Zacherl
|style="font-size:88%"|5–4
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=5|October 7–8, 2017
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=5|2017 US U23 World Team Trials
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=5|
 Rochester, Minnesota
|-
|Win
|7–5
|align=left| Matt Findlay
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
|Loss
|6–5
|align=left| Boo Lewallen
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 5–15
|-
|Win
|6–4
|align=left| Devin Tortorice
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 11–1
|-
|Win
|5–4
|align=left| Logan Smith
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 11–0
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|4–4
|align=left| Kellen Russell
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 0–10
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=2|June 9–10, 2017
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=2|2017 US World Team Trials Challenge
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=2|
 Lincoln, Nebraska
|-
|Loss
|4–3
|align=left| Zain Retherford
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 2–14
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|4–2
|align=left| Mario Mason
|style="font-size:88%"|8–11
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=3|May 19–22, 2017
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=3|2017 US Last Chance Qualifier World Team Trials
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=3|
 Rochester, Minnesota
|-
|Win
|4–1
|align=left| Anthony Abidin
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
|Win
|3–1
|align=left| Michael Prieto
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 11–0
|-
! style=background:white colspan=7 |
|-
|Loss
|2–1
|align=left| Nick Dardanes
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 6–17
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=4|April 24–27, 2017
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=4|2017 US Open National Championships
|style="text-align:left;font-size:88%;" rowspan=4|
 Las Vegas, Nevada
|-
|Win
|2–0
|align=left| Devin Reynolds
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 16–6
|-
|Win
|1–0
|align=left| Leroy Barnes
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 10–0
|-
|NC
|0–0
|align=left| Jordan Oliver
|style="font-size:88%"|NC (overturned)
|-

NCAA record

!colspan="8"| NCAA Championships Matches
|-
! Res.
! Record
! Opponent
! Score
! Date
! Event
|-
!style=background:white colspan=6 |2021 NCAA Championships  at 141 lbs
|-
|Loss
|18–6
|align=left|Nick Lee
|style="font-size:88%"|SV 2–4
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=5|March 18–20, 2021
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=5|2021 NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships
|-
|Win
|18–5
|align=left|Tariq Wilson
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
|Win
|17–5
|align=left|Dresden Simon
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
|Win
|16–5
|align=left|Cole Matthews
|style="font-size:88%"|5–3
|-
|Win
|15–5
|align=left|Cayden Rooks
|style="font-size:88%"|TF 20–5
|-
! style=background:white colspan=6 |2019 NCAA Championships  at 141 lbs
|-
|Win
|14–5
|align=left|Dom Demas
|style="font-size:88%"|2–0
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=6|March 21–23, 2019
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=6|2019 NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships
|-
|Win
|13–5
|align=left|Mitch McKee
|style="font-size:88%"|8–5
|-
|Loss
|12–5
|align=left|Yianni Diakomihalis
|style="font-size:88%"|5–6
|-
|Win
|12–4
|align=left|Kyle Shoop
|style="font-size:88%"|8–3
|-
|Win
|11–4
|align=left|Cameron Kelly
|style="font-size:88%"|10–8
|-
|Win
|10–4
|align=left|Chris Debien
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
! style=background:white colspan=6 |2018 NCAA Championships 4th at 141 lbs
|-
|Loss
|9–4
|align=left|Joey McKenna
|style="font-size:88%"|2–7
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=6|March 15–17, 2018
|style="font-size:88%" rowspan=6|2018 NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships
|-
|Win
|9–3
|align=left|Nick Lee
|style="font-size:88%"|MD 12–4
|-
|Loss
|8–3
|align=left|Yianni Diakomihalis
|style="font-size:88%"|SV–1 4–6
|-
|Win
|8–2
|align=left|Brock Zacherl
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
|Win
|7–2
|align=left|Eli Stickley
|style="font-size:88%"|Fall
|-
|Win
|6–2
|align=left|Austin Headlee
|style="font-size:88%"|12–6
|-
! Season
! Year
! School
! Rank
!Weigh Class
! Record
! Win
! Bonus
|-
|2021
|Senior
|University of Iowa
|#1 (2nd)
|rowspan=4|141
|12–1
|92.31%
|61.54%
|-
|2019
|Junior
|rowspan=3|University of Missouri
|#5 (3rd)
|28–4
|87.50%
|62.50%
|-
|2018
|Sophomore
|#2 (4th)
|34–3
|91.89%
|70.27%
|-
|2017
|Freshman
|#8 (5th)
|29–7
|80.56%
|44.44%
|-
|colspan=5 bgcolor="LIGHTGREY"|Career
|bgcolor="LIGHTGREY"|103–15
|bgcolor="LIGHTGREY"|87.29%
|bgcolor="LIGHTGREY"|61.02%

References

External links

Living people
1996 births
Sportspeople from Columbia, Missouri
American male sport wrestlers
Pan American Games medalists in wrestling
Pan American Games bronze medalists for the United States
Wrestlers at the 2019 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2019 Pan