I agree with luser droog's answer.

My understanding of the book (which I did not finish) was that there is an overall theme of language, which is then illustrated through the three artists. While the letters in each of these languages are based on natural, measurable, physical phenomena (projections to 2 dimensions in the visual language of Escher, mathematical elements in the metaphysics of Gödel, and musical tones in the language of Bach), the languages themselves (ie. the "grammars") are artificial. 

The specific artists are not drawn out merely to indulge in a cult of personality, but because each were innovators in developing the modern features of their respective language. I suspect you may have guessed where I'm going with this.

To get the deeper understanding that you're after, you have to read the scores. If you don't read staff notation, learn it. I don't mean to be curt or rude, but there is to my knowledge no other way.

Learning the musical concepts in the book "Gödel, Escher, Bach"
In my android code I have this

&lt;CheckedTextView
    android:id="@+id/rememberMe"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_alignRight="@+id/advancedMenu"
    android:layout_below="@+id/logInMode"
    android:checkMark="@drawable/bg_checkbox"
    android:gravity="center|center_horizontal"
    android:text="@string/rememberMe"
    android:textColor="#ffffff" /&gt;


And bg_checkbox is

&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;
&lt;selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"&gt;
     &lt;item android:state_checked="true" 
        android:drawable="@drawable/checkbox_checked"
        android:state_focused="false"&gt;
    &lt;/item&gt;
    &lt;item android:state_checked="true" 
        android:drawable="@drawable/checkbox_checked"
        android:state_focused="true"&gt;
    &lt;/item&gt;
    &lt;item android:state_checked="false" 
        android:drawable="@drawable/checkbox"
        android:state_focused="false"&gt;
    &lt;/item&gt;
    &lt;item android:state_checked="false" 
        android:drawable="@drawable/checkbox"
        android:state_focused="true"&gt;
    &lt;/item&gt;
&lt;/selector&gt;


This selector works for regular checkbox's, but for this, its not working, its just showing the unchecked state even if I click it.

Also, how can I put some space between the text and the checkbox?

Thanks.
