<s>[INST] Can you explain this report from an MRI? : L4-5 There is a broad-based subligamentous disc herniation extending 7.4mm beyond the endplate margin. There is 7.5mm of caudal extrusion. There is moderate to severe stenosis of the central spinal canal and lateral recesses impinging upon the the traversing L5 nerve rootlets. There is mild biforaminal narrowing associated with lateral disc bulging. There is no compression of the exiting L4 nerve rootlets. L5-S1 There is transitional morphology at L5 with a pseudarthrosis on the left. There is no disc herniation, spinal stenosis or foraminal compromise [/INST] Hello MRI findings may suggest degenerative changes in lumbar spine. Degenerative changes are generally age related findings. It is due to chronic stress on annulus fibrosis. At L4-5 level, there is intervertebral disc herniation which is causing moderate to severe stenosis of the central spinal canal, and it is also impinging the traversing L5 nerve roots. There is also mild narrowing of bilateral lateral neural foramen at this level.AT L5-S1 level, there is pseudoarthrosis(false joint)at L5 level in left side. Majority of degenerative disc disease patients are benefited by conservative treatment in the form of physiotherapy, analgesics and muscle relaxants. Surgery is advised in non responding cases. Physiotherapy helps in strengthening of para spinal muscles, and it prevents further changes. Since you have severe narrowing, I expect you may require surgical intervention.Nowadays, surgery is done by minimal invasive endoscopic method. You need proper evaluation by a neurologist. Get well soon. Take Care Chat Doctor.  </s>