Throughout the history of the South Slavs, the vernacular, literary, and written languages (e.g. Chakavian, Kajkavian, Shtokavian) of the various regions and ethnicities developed and diverged independently. Prior to the 19th century, they were collectively called "Illyric", "Slavic", "Slavonian", "Bosnian", "Dalmatian", "Serbian" or "Croatian". As such, the term Serbo-Croatian was first used by Jacob Grimm in 1824, popularized by the Vienna philologist Jernej Kopitar in the following decades, and accepted by Croatian Zagreb grammarians in 1854 and 1859. At that time, Serb and Croat lands were still part of the Ottoman and Austrian Empires. Officially, the language was called variously Serbo-Croat, Croato-Serbian, Serbian and Croatian, Croatian and Serbian, Serbian or Croatian, Croatian or Serbian. Unofficially, Serbs and Croats typically called the language "Serbian" or "Croatian", respectively, without implying a distinction between the two, and again in independent Bosnia and Herzegovina, "Bosnian", "Croatian", and "Serbian" were considered to be three names of a single official language. Croatian linguist Dalibor Brozović advocated the term Serbo-Croatian as late as 1988, claiming that in an analogy with Indo-European, Serbo-Croatian does not only name the two components of the same language, but simply charts the limits of the region in which it is spoken and includes everything between the limits (‘Bosnian’ and ‘Montenegrin’). Today, use of the term "Serbo-Croatian" is controversial due to the prejudice that nation and language must match. It is still used for lack of a succinct alternative, though alternative names have been used, such as Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian (BCS), which is often seen in political contexts such as the Hague War Crimes tribunal. COUNT 9
QSN1 When was the term Serbo-Croatian first used? ANS1 1824 QSN2 Who popularized the term Serbo-Croatian? ANS2 Jernej Kopitar QSN3 Aside from the Ottoman Empire, which other empire did the Serb and Croat lands in the mid 19th century belong to? ANS3 Austrian QSN4 In which region of land was the Serbo-Croat language referred to as "Bosnian"? ANS4 Bosnia and Herzegovina QSN5 What is an example of a political text where the term Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian was used to describe the language? ANS5 Hague War Crimes tribunal QSN6 Did South Slav languages develop coherently or independently? ANS6 independently QSN7 What were the names given to the various dialects predating the 19th century? ANS7 "Illyric", "Slavic", "Slavonian", "Bosnian", "Dalmatian", "Serbian" or "Croatian" QSN8 Who first used the term Serbo-Croatian in 1824? ANS8 Jacob Grimm QSN9 For what reason is the term "Serbo-Croatian" controversial today? ANS9 prejudice that nation and language must match