The earliest recorded Western philosophy of time was expounded by the ancient Egyptian thinker Ptahhotep (c. 2650–2600 BC), who said, "Do not lessen the time of following desire, for the wasting of time is an abomination to the spirit." The Vedas, the earliest texts on Indian philosophy and Hindu philosophy, dating back to the late 2nd millennium BC, describe ancient Hindu cosmology, in which the universe goes through repeated cycles of creation, destruction, and rebirth, with each cycle lasting 4,320,000 years. Ancient Greek philosophers, including Parmenides and Heraclitus, wrote essays on the nature of time. COUNT 5
QSN1 Who expounded the earliest recorded Western philosophy of time? ANS1 Ptahhotep QSN2 When do the Vedas date back to? ANS2 late 2nd millennium BC QSN3 Which philosophies are the Vedas oriented with? ANS3 Indian philosophy and Hindu philosophy QSN4 What do the Vedas describe? ANS4 ancient Hindu cosmology QSN5 How long is the cycle of rebirth discussed in the Vedas? ANS5 4,320,000 years