The authors of the study also examined 77 college textbooks in biology and 69 in physical anthropology published between 1932 and 1989. Physical anthropology texts argued that biological races exist until the 1970s, when they began to argue that races do not exist. In contrast, biology textbooks did not undergo such a reversal but many instead dropped their discussion of race altogether. The authors attributed this to biologists trying to avoid discussing the political implications of racial classifications, instead of discussing them, and to the ongoing discussions in biology about the validity of the concept "subspecies". The authors also noted that some widely used textbooks in biology such as Douglas J. Futuyama's 1986 "Evolutionary Biology" had abandoned the race concept, "The concept of race, masking the overwhelming genetic similarity of all peoples and the mosaic patterns of variation that do not correspond to racial divisions, is not only socially dysfunctional but is biologically indefensible as well (pp. 5 18-5 19)." (Lieberman et al. 1992, pp. 316–17) COUNT 5
QSN1 How many college textbooks in biology did the authors of the study examine? ANS1 77 QSN2 Up until when did physical anthropology texts still argue that biological races exist? ANS2 the 1970s QSN3 What did biology textbooks drop altogether? ANS3 their discussion of race QSN4 What were biologists trying to avoid discussing the political implications of? ANS4 racial classifications QSN5 What did Douglas J. Futuyama consider the concept of race as not only being socially dysfunctional but this as well? ANS5 biologically indefensible