During the initial punk era, a variety of entrepreneurs interested in local punk-influenced music scenes began founding independent record labels, including Rough Trade (founded by record shop owner Geoff Travis) and Factory (founded by Manchester-based television personality Tony Wilson). By 1977, groups began pointedly pursuing methods of releasing music independently , an idea disseminated in particular by the Buzzcocks' release of their Spiral Scratch EP on their own label as well as the self-released 1977 singles of Desperate Bicycles. These DIY imperatives would help form the production and distribution infrastructure of post-punk and the indie music scene that later blossomed in the mid-1980s. COUNT 10
QSN1 WHich independent music company was founded by Geoff Travis? ANS1 Rough Trade QSN2 Who founded Factory? ANS2 Tony Wilson QSN3 When did releasing music indepentently really hit popularity? ANS3 1977 QSN4 Who released Spiral Scratch on their own label? ANS4 Buzzcocks QSN5 When did the indoe music scene begin to grow? ANS5 mid-1980s QSN6 What did many entrepreneurs interested in their local punk-influenced music scenes found? ANS6 independent record labels QSN7 Who founded the record label Rough Trade? ANS7 Geoff Travis QSN8 Where was Tony Wilson's Factory based? ANS8 Manchester QSN9 When did some groups start looking for methods to release their music themselves? ANS9 1977 QSN10 Whose label did the Buzzcocks release their Spiral Scratch EP on? ANS10 their own