During his time as an American envoy to France, Benjamin Franklin, publisher of the old English proverb, "Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise", anonymously published a letter suggesting that Parisians economize on candles by rising earlier to use morning sunlight. This 1784 satire proposed taxing shutters, rationing candles, and waking the public by ringing church bells and firing cannons at sunrise. Despite common misconception, Franklin did not actually propose DST; 18th-century Europe did not even keep precise schedules. However, this soon changed as rail and communication networks came to require a standardization of time unknown in Franklin's day. COUNT 5
QSN1 Who first published the proverb about waking up early and going to bed early to be "healthy, wealthy, and wise"? ANS1 Benjamin Franklin QSN2 Which group of people did Franklin say would save candles by waking up earlier? ANS2 Parisians QSN3 In what year did Ben Franklin write a satire suggesting firing cannons at sunrise to wake people up? ANS3 1784 QSN4 What kind of transportation network helped encourage keeping more exact schedules? ANS4 rail QSN5 In addition to cannon fire, what did Franklin suggest to act as Parisians' alarm clock? ANS5 ringing church bells