These areas, quartiers sensibles ("sensitive quarters"), are in northern and eastern Paris, namely around its Goutte d'Or and Belleville neighbourhoods. To the north of the city they are grouped mainly in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, and to a lesser extreme to the east in the Val-d'Oise department. Other difficult areas are located in the Seine valley, in Évry et Corbeil-Essonnes (Essonne), in Mureaux, Mantes-la-Jolie (Yvelines), and scattered among social housing districts created by Delouvrier's 1961 "ville nouvelle" political initiative. COUNT 3
QSN1 Where are the quartiers sensibles located? ANS1 northern and eastern Paris QSN2 What two neighborhoods are the centers of the quartiers sensibles? ANS2 Goutte d'Or and Belleville QSN3 Why were these neighborhoods created? ANS3 Delouvrier's 1961 "ville nouvelle" political initiative