Geology existed as a cloud of isolated, disconnected ideas about rocks, minerals, and landforms long before it became a coherent science. Theophrastus' work on rocks, Peri lithōn, remained authoritative for millennia: its interpretation of fossils was not overturned until after the Scientific Revolution. Chinese polymath Shen Kua (1031–1095) first formulated hypotheses for the process of land formation. Based on his observation of fossils in a geological stratum in a mountain hundreds of miles from the ocean, he deduced that the land was formed by erosion of the mountains and by deposition of silt. COUNT 4
QSN1 What was the work of Theophrastus on rocks called? ANS1 Peri lithōn QSN2 When were Theophrastus' ideas about fossils proven false? ANS2 the Scientific Revolution QSN3 When did Shen Kua live? ANS3 1031–1095 QSN4 What science did Shen Kua observe? ANS4 land formation