According to Y chromosome studies by Sanchez et al. (2005), Cruciani et al. (2004, 2007), the Somalis are paternally closely related to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups in Northeast Africa. Besides comprising the majority of the Y-DNA in Somalis, the E1b1b1a (formerly E3b1a) haplogroup also makes up a significant proportion of the paternal DNA of Ethiopians, Sudanese, Egyptians, Berbers, North African Arabs, as well as many Mediterranean populations. Sanchez et al. (2005) observed the M78 subclade of E1b1b in about 77% of their Somali male samples. According to Cruciani et al. (2007), the presence of this subhaplogroup in the Horn region may represent the traces of an ancient migration from Egypt/Libya. After haplogroup E1b1b, the second most frequently occurring Y-DNA haplogroup among Somalis is the West Asian haplogroup T (M70). It is observed in slightly more than 10% of Somali males. Haplogroup T, like haplogroup E1b1b, is also typically found among populations of Northeast Africa, North Africa, the Near East and the Mediterranean. COUNT 5
QSN1 In what year did Sanchez publish his study on Somali ethnicity? ANS1 2005 QSN2 What language group speakers are ethnic Somalis closely related to? ANS2 Afro-Asiatic QSN3 What haplogroup is present in a significant number of Somalis? ANS3 E1b1b1a QSN4 Based on the presence of the M78 subclade, where do some researchers think Somalis originated? ANS4 Egypt/Libya QSN5 What percentage of Somali males had DNA containing the M78 subclade of E1b1b? ANS5 77%