In September 2017, astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope announced that they had found titanium dioxide (molecules consisting of one titanium atom and two oxygen atoms) in the atmosphere of an exoplanet named Kepler-13A. In fact, they’re hot enough to be stars and have sizzling surface temperatures exceeding 3,100 degrees Fahrenheit (1,700 degrees Celsius), notes Space.com. The hottest of them all is a scorching place called KELT-9b, a gas giant three times more massive than Jupiter and twice as wide. That’s hotter than many of the dwarf stars dotting the Milky Way and just 2,200 degrees Fahrenheit (1,200 degrees Celsius) cooler than the surface of the sun, which makes KELT-9b the hottest alien world ever discovered, explains the University of Geneva (UNIGE) in Switzerland. Another study, published July 2 in the journal Nature Astronomy, showed that hydrogen is actually "boiling off" from the atmosphere of KELT-9b and being sucked into the planet's parent star. Today, an international team led by researchers from the University of Geneva (UNIGE), who collaborated with theoreticians from the University of Bern (UNIBE), Switzerland, discovered the presence of iron and titanium vapours in the atmosphere of this planet. But it's way bigger — it has three times the mass and twice the diameter of Jupiter — and it orbits extremely close to its hot parent star, KELT-9. There's no easy way to tell exactly how close the two objects are, but KELT-9b, which is roughly double the size of Jupiter, can complete a lap in just under 36 hours, so the distance can't be huge.
Scientists observe the signal of iron and titanium atoms in the atmosphere of KELT-9b, an exoplanet located 600 light-years from Earth.