# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Created on Sun Sep  1 20:21:49 2019



@author: Yamazaki Kenichi

"""



A, B = list(map(int,input().split()))



ans = (B-A-1)//(A-1) + 1 + 1



print(ans)    

    



A, B = list(map(int,input().split()))



ans = (B-1-1)//(A-1)+1

print(ans)
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Sep  1 20:21:49 2019
@author: Yamazaki Kenichi
"""
A, B = list(map(int, input().split()))
ans = (B - A - 1) // (A - 1) + 1 + 1
print(ans)

A, B = list(map(int, input().split()))
ans = (B - 1 - 1) // (A - 1) + 1
print(ans)

-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- -""" -Created on Sun Sep  1 20:21:49 2019 -@author: Yamazaki Kenichi -""" -ans = (B - A - 1) // (A - 1) + 1 + 1 +ans = (B - 1 - 1) // (A - 1) + 1