a, b = list(map(int, input().split()))

c = 0

sum = 1

while True:

    if sum>= b:

        print(c)

        break

    else:

        sum += a-1

        c+= 1
a,b=list(map(int,input().split()))

m=1

n=0

while True:

  if m<b:

    m += a-1

    n += 1

  else:

    break

print(n)
a, b = list(map(int, input().split()))
c = 0
sum = 1
while True:
    if sum >= b:
        print(c)
        break
    else:
        sum += a - 1
        c += 1

a, b = list(map(int, input().split()))
m = 1
n = 0
while True:
    if m < b:
        m += a - 1
        n += 1
    else:
        break
print(n)

-c = 0 -sum = 1 +m = 1 +n = 0 -    if sum >= b: -        print(c) +    if m < b: +        m += a - 1 +        n += 1 +    else: -    else: -        sum += a - 1 -        c += 1 +print(n)