from sys import stdin

import queue

import sys

import math



a,b=list(map(int,input().split()))

print((math.ceil((b-1)/(a-1))))

import math

 

a,b=list(map(int,input().split()))

print((math.ceil((b-1)/(a-1))))
from sys import stdin
import queue
import sys
import math

a, b = list(map(int, input().split()))
print((math.ceil((b - 1) / (a - 1))))

import math

a, b = list(map(int, input().split()))
print((math.ceil((b - 1) / (a - 1))))

-from sys import stdin -import queue -import sys