( CNN ) -- Superstorm Sandy brought an assault of historic proportions to millions of homeowners in the Northeast this week . Damages are estimated at between $ 30 billion and $ 50 billion . As the recovery process begins , residents of the hardest-hit areas should follow the advice of local and state authorities and Federal Emergency Management Agency representatives . As you return to your homes , here are some structural issues to look for and how to address them . If your home suffered slight to moderate damage -- basement flooding , broken windows , missing roof shingles â€ ” the storm cleanup may be a little easier but no less urgent . A compromised roof makes your house vulnerable to more serious issues , while anything flooded becomes a potential breeding ground for mold , mildew or rot if not addressed quickly . Downed power lines are perhaps the biggest risk after a storm of this size . Avoid wading into standing water or going anywhere near ground wires . Just because you have no power in your house does n't mean there is n't a live current . Before you do anything , take pictures of any damage , however minor , in case you need them for insurance purposes . 7 health risks after Sandy . Flooded basements . If basement flooding has left 2 or 3 feet of standing water , your first impulse will be to pump the water out quickly . But if you had that much water , the ground around the house may still be fully saturated , increasing the pressure on your home 's walls and foundation . This is especially dangerous in old houses with loose stone foundations as opposed to poured concrete . Pump the water out slowly , a foot a day to be on the safe side . Anything that is water-soaked is already damaged , so a day or two is not going to matter . For those with moderate flooding , let your sump pump do its job ; pick up additional units if necessary . A wet vac will also offer a handy assist . Once the water has been extracted , remove everything that you can : water-soaked boxes , furniture and especially carpeting . Open vents and windows and set up fans to promote air circulation through the space . The sooner everything dries out , the lower the potential for mold , mildew and permanent damage . Invest in a dehumidifier to fight dampness and facilitate the drying process . Floodwater can be filled with any number of contaminants , from sewage and sludge to chemicals , gas and motor oils , so be sure to wear gloves and a mask when you start cleaning walls and floors . You can purchase a disinfectant or create your own solution of Â¾ to 1 cup bleach per gallon of water . Use a mop and broom to clear out any mud or debris and be sure to remove any obstructions to drains . If you had drywall in the basement or any room of the house that experienced flooding , it will need to be removed and replaced ( same goes for any water-saturated insulation ) . The chances of it drying out thoroughly are slim , and its potential to foster mold and mildew growth is considerable . Roof damage . With high winds comes the potential for serious roof damage . The roof is your home 's greatest defense against the elements , so even minor damage can create serious problems . Inspect your roof for damaged or missing shingles . They will need to be replaced as soon as possible because the exposed roof deck will be subject to further dampness and moisture , which you do n't want as winter approaches . If you had more serious roof damage , consult with a roofing contractor to see how you can protect the interior of your home until a professional repair can be made . Blue tarps offer a temporary solution and may be available through government agencies . Roof issues can also be evident from inside the house . Check the ceilings for water spots , particularly in rooms upstairs and near chimneys . The presence of water spots suggests that there may be additional roof problems . Trees and yard cleanup . Major tree damage ? The municipality , power company , or emergency services in the area may help clear the way . If you are able to remove fallen branches safely , you should . Leave anything more to a qualified tree removal specialist . He or she will help you determine whether a damaged tree that 's still standing can be saved . If you have shrubs and hedges , they no doubt took a beating , which means pruning may be in order . Most plants are resilient and will be no worse for wear come summer . Clear up any debris that might have collected in the yard , disposing of refuse in accordance with local regulations . It 's going to take a good long while for everything to dry out . But , when the time comes , it will make good sense to power wash the exterior of the house . One of the most heartening things to come out of any disaster is the support and help of volunteers , neighbors and community organizations . If you were n't personally affected by the storm , think about volunteering to help those in need , particularly the elderly , or support relief organizations such as the American Red Cross . Have you been through home repair after a natural disaster ? Share your experience in the comments section below . Like CNN Living on Facebook .
Superstorm Sandy victims should check for structural damage , Bob Vila says . Vila recommends inspecting for flooding , roof damage , mold and yard debris . Consult local and FEMA authorities about home repair guidelines . Contact professionals for big repair jobs after assessing the damage to your home .