Like many ingenious programming techniques, this one goes back to Burge s astonishing book Recursive Programming Techniques (Burge, 1975), but it was probably Wadler s paper How to replace failure by a list of successes (Wadler, 1985) that brought it wider attention, although he did not use the word combinator and described the work as folklore .

a parser may be thought of as a function: type Parser = String -> [String] a Parser takes a string and attempts to parse it, returning zero or more depleted input strings, depending on how many ways the parse could succeed.


t ' as a function from values of type t to values of type ' t , or any of the errors in O.

a function type includes the kinds of errors that may occur during the evaluation of values that inhabit the type.


We also noted that .xed-size chunking works very well for VM disk images, outperforming variable-sized chunking in some cases, thus con.rming earlier .ndings [19] stated.

in small chunk stores such as those in the Ubuntu Server series experiment in Section 4.1, .xed-size chunking results in better deduplication than variable-size chunking This is good news for implementers of deduplication systems, since .xed-size chunking is typically easier to implement, and performs considerably better.


To address this, a wide range of techniques for supporting (semi-)automated synthesis of behavioural models have been investigated.

synthesis from declarative requirements speci.cations (e.g., [11, 13, 21, 16, 8]) or from scenarios and use cases (e.g., [10, 20, 9, 3]), has been studied extensively.


4.2 Richer transformation model We wanted to enrich the transformation model so as to allow any tree traversal strategy and to give direct access to nodes.

the Circus language should enable programmers to write both source driven transformations (based on recursive descents) and target driven transformations.


A large set of cross-site scripting vulnerabilities originates from the browser s confusion between data and code.

untrusted data input to the web application is sent to the clients browser, where it is then interpreted as code and executed.


Energy Equation E is used to capture the energy consumption of all processing elements with all tasks.

.NP .NP,T .NT,L .IS(l) .NDisE = Dis,d×DRFp,t,is,d× p=1 t=1 l=1 is=1 d=1 EP (is, d) .NM EP (is, d)= m=1 Mm,is,d × AEm In De.nition 7, the equation shows the amount of energy consumption that is calculated by summing up the energy consumption due to data cluster accesses performed by all processing elements for an application.


This work then lead to the development of characteristic formulae,whichcanbeviewedasan abstractlayerbuiltontopofa deep embedding: characteristic formulae hide the technical details associatedwiththeexplicit representationofsyntaxwhile retaining the high expressiveness of that approach.

characteristic formulae avoid the explicit representation of syntax, which is associated with manytechnical dif.culties (including the representation of binders).


Inasmuch as the overall aspects of NiMo development, the paradigms fusion has meant a big challenge that required to .gure out many creative solutions to make both models compatible.

dealing with multiple outputs and curried/uncurried compatibilityhasrequired anon-trivialgeneralization of theusual notions of polymorphic type inference to handle the process type.


Also, the dynamic semantics of basic MCI details that advice 47 code is simply executed at the join point, but the resulting values are not propagated in any way.

exit advice would be suited to ad~pt tentative res.ults of method calls.


S , de.ned in 4.3, would exhibit the necessary conditions for Covering Agreement.

the common predicates over the EarningsReport and StockQuote types would yield the same (sub)-relations for .S and . '


For each static string analysis that decides a property P, is the class of safety policies P-veri.able?

is there a total, computable, transparent rewriter function R : M.M such that for all safety policies P ' , R(P ' ) .P?


As a consequence of condition C1 (the no-diamond restriction), for a particular argument position k, all specializer types in the candidate method list are mutually comparable (via subclassing).

if, at argument position k, method mi has specializer Ci and mj has specializer Cj, then either Ci .


.must According to this de.nition, a store S' overapproximates another abstract store S if, when they are extended to the same domain, any may constraint in Simplies the corresponding may constraint in S ', and any must constraint in S is implied by the corresponding must constraint in S '.

the overapproximation encoded in S ' through the may constraints is more permissive than S, and the underapproximation encoded by S ' through the must constraints is less permissive than S. In the .x rule, it is easy to see that a trivial invariant store S* always exists since the analysis creates a .nite number of abstract locations for any given program, and an abstract store Striv with constraint (true, false) mapping each possible abstract location to any other abstract location has the property .S.


But although this research on different sources coincide in results, there is still no evidence of coherence.

although it is known that the Pareto distribution appears in several data sources for a given project, are the most active actors for each of those sources (mailing lists, code repositories, bug report systems, etc.)


If the domain type variable a is instantiated as SW then the synchronizers would become mkSyncHtoS and mkSyncStoH respectively.

a very general partitioned code may insert more synchronizers than necessary for a speci.c partition, but these can be optimized by the compiler in a straightforward manner.


Service-based applications shape their collaborations through capabilities-based lookup at runtime, not static binding.

the collaboration among services needs to be defined as frameworks instead of hard-wired scenarios.


This .ltering approach .rst separates the signal eigenstates from those belonging to the noisy eigenstates and then use the signal eigenstates to construct an approximation of the original data by projecting the perturbed data on to the subspace spanned by the signal eigenvectors.

u = UpAuAu T ,where Au is the matrix whose columns are the eigenvectors corresponding to the signal eigenvalues.


Rubicon s approach to symbolic evaluation implements a solver-aided semantics that is similar to the semantics of R0 (Section 3).

both R0 and Rubicon behave like their host languages (Racket and Ruby, respectively) on fully concrete programs.


The algorithm PathSlice enjoys the stronger property, that as it iterates backwards over the path, at each point, the set of edges that it has taken in the slice, i.e., the slice suf.x is a sound and complete path slice for the path suf.x at that point.

the algorithm maintains the following inductive invariant.


DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION After some new desired con.guration has been settled, it is time to decide how to reach this new con.guration and e.ectively adjust the software.

it is time to build the recon.guration plan and, if this plan exists, execute it over the software reaching the desired con.guration.


Again, the set of covered abstract states is not an invariant.

there is a concrete state d ' such that a({d ' })=(D, t, f) from which in one step of the program it is possible to reach a concrete state e ' such that a({e ' })=(E, t, f), an uncovered abstract state.


Given an executed instance of a BP s i, let I P D( si)m be the immediate dynamic post-dominator of s i, the region directed by s i, represented by R( si), is de.ned as: R( si) = (xj |s i < xj < I P D( s)m) s i is called the director of the region.

r( si) is an ordered set that is comprised of the executed statement instances in between s i and the .rst instance of the immediate post-dominator of s that is executed since.


By combining elasticity with virtualization, S2 E offers the illusion of symbolically executing a full software stack, while actually executing symbolically only select components.

by concretely (i.e., non-symbolically) executinglibraries and the OS kernel,S2 E allows aprogram spaths to be explored ef.ciently without having to model its surrounding environment.We refer to this as selective symbolic execution.


If the task .nishes before tmin, its value is returned, otherwise, the plant is sampled again at tk + tmin.

if the background task is not .nished in time, the controller reverts to a time-triggered implementation with period tmin.


The transitive trust relationships resulting from ticket delegation are subject to the con.nement problem of classical capability systems [31].

the owner of the resource (the site authority) cannot prevent an agent from carelessly certifying some malicious entity to access the resource.


This concept, originally drawn from the related area of Software Process Modeling, essentially states that it would be impossible to completely evaluate all preconditions and postconditions of a workflow task, hence the workflow manager could allow the task to be executed provisionally.

a task could be allowed to start before all its preconditions are satisfied, or allowed to terminate before all its postconditions are satisfied.


Finally, our current work supports a subset of the UML 2 AD language.

we do not yet support structured activity nodes, which allow hierarchical nesting of action nodes or reference from a node to another activity.


Data is inserted into and retrieved from the data structure, but that data is rarely modi.ed by the structure itself.


There are, of course, signi.cant challenges to realizing such a design.

the CPU scheduler must now deal with complex constraints (which can be thought of as short-term execution plans , by analogy with database systems) from multiple applications as well as a system-wide CPU allocation policy, and these constraints change dynamically.


The scheduling model presented here is also richer than in past work.

it separates computation frequency from storage frequency in the call schedule, enabling sliding window schedules and similar strategies which trade off parallelism for redundant work while maintaining locality.


We want to recompile hot methods as soon as possible while avoiding recompiling cold methods.

the mechanism needs to make the decisions of when to recompile and what to be recompiled.


Many real-world applications, however, are amenable to generic approaches to these concerns.

many applications are naturally expressed with data-driven task parallelism, in which massive numbers of concurrently executing tasks are dynamically assigned to execution resources, with synchronization and communication handled using intertask data dependencies.


These media sources are activated by instantiating three kinds of media producing services in the respective MediaX RA media servers.

we launch uncompressed HD capturing service, DXT encoding service, and MPEG2 encoding service.


Migration Plan Model A plan describes the upcoming migration behavior of an operator ., determining when it is going to be hosted at which broker, as well as its expected resource requirements.

it is the trajectory of an operator in the broker hierarchy.


It integrates the functionalities of MASM and of the conventional RTI so to expose to the overlying federate the Time Management interface proper of conservative synchronization, while actually supporting optimistic synchronization (hence interacting with the underlying conventional RTI through the interface for optimistic synchronization).

it performs a conversion between the (conservative) synchronization mode seen by the overlying federate, and the real (optimistic) synchronization mode selected for the execution among the ones supported by the underlying RTI.


WHITEOAK does not allow structural types to de.ne static members.

we cannot make the demand that a function or a .eld is implemented as static.


MatML Materials Property Data Markup Language (MatML) is an extensible markup language developed for the management and exchange of materials information [3].

matML addresses interpretation and interoperability problems associated with exchanging materials property data using the World Wide Web.


signi.cant improvement in these three applications.

distributing accesses across the MCs helps to reduce the network congestion in these three applications.


We can easily transpose N to get an array of arrays (say Nt) which gives the number of .ights for each airplane, for each pilot.

we can turn rows into columns and columns into rows.


will always be unsatis.able because c is in pc ' .

adding the same constraint multiple times in a path constraint is pointless since only the negation of its .rst occurrence has a chance to be satis.able.


Which potential blind spots are real blind spots?

which API functions have behavior not wellunderstood by the majority of developers?


de.ned by observable behaviour rules explicitly de.ne the agent observable behaviour by relating spontaneous moves and conditionings to core changes and manifestations.


However in case of transitions whose source or target denotes a special node (fork, join, decision, merge), we have to specify in XPDL the semantics of several arcs incoming to/outgoing from an activity.

we have to assign values to attributes In and Out.


Every move of is matched by a move of .m.P+Y|X .

if states sP|X and s P+Y|X are related P|X by BSR,then (a)everymoveoutof sis matched by a move out of s P+Y|X ,and (b) the destination states of the matching moves are also related by BSR.


An additional advantage of our technique is that, by performing capture and replay at the subsystem level, it enables additional applications that would not be possible for a technique that captures complete executions.

our technique can be used to   laa sBss oNDbo Bm{e.p...t;.


M such that u isa left and right unit for *.We can take advantageof staging andbuild better staged operatorsthat respectthe identitylawsofthebase operators.Thatis, the resulting staged operator can generate code that does not contain unnecessary operations, for all types that supportamonoidal structure.

we can generically simplify x +0 and 1 * x to x in the monoids (B, +, 0) and (Q, *, 1), respectively.


CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK In this work we have presented template generation as a solution to the problem of regularity extraction.

we have extended previous work on template generation to include parallel templates, which offer both instruction level parallelism and a previously unobserved form of parallel regularity.


We shall also precise that CCM enhancement with regards to real-time and embedded systems design (which is the global target of our projects) remains an ongoing work.

further real-time support has to be provided by the execution framework (container) to the applicative components.


The attacker wants to know all of the following information in the reputation system, including info1 : speci.c algorithms and parameters (especially thresholds) used in the reputation system  info2 : the information in the object-user graph  info3 : feedback reputation of malicious users  info4 : feedback reputation of other users  First of all, we cannot assume that the algorithms used in the reputation systems are secrets.

the security and robustness of the reputation system should not rely on the secrecy of the algorithms.


We modi.ed SRDirector and implemented ContinuousDirector so that both now rigorously export the actor abstract semantics.

when the .re method of either director is invoked, the director does not commit to any state changes, and it does not invoke post.re on any actors contained in its composite.


can be answered, then he can be provided with more diversified services.

bath water can be prepared before Mr. Doe s arrival at home.


However, it still remains to implement the language in GHC and gain practical experience with it.

we would like to obtain some quantitative evidence as to whether purely static arity dispatch leads to improved runtimes compared to a dynamic consideration of the arity of a function such as GHC implements at the moment.


The idea here is that, by construction, the union of the con.gurations in the t-way arrays comprises a large portion of a t +1-way array.

should we decide to run a t + 1-way array after running some or all of the t-ways, then much of that work is already done.


More precisely, our aim is to address distribution and mobility in the context of the separation between computation and coordination that we already mentioned, and provide semantic principles that support the externalisation of the mechanisms that are responsible for managing the distribution topology of systems.

we aim to provide the definition and semantics of a primitive distribution connector that can fulfill a role similar to the one played by coordination connectors in externalising interconnections between components.


Unfortunately, the C standard does not contain any semantics that would allow us to express and impose the necessary restrictions on selected parts of code.

bracketing labels placed before and after source code chunks and used to address them do not guarantee contiguity of the resulting binary code chunks, nor do they place restrictions on the use of PC1-relative addressing.


their (co)processors could operate at different frequencies with different amounts of energy consumption and at different speeds.


This yields for Table 2 a recall of 15/(9+15) = .62.

62% of the actual to ERROR leading networks are correctly classi.ed.


Since we are unsure what query should be optimised, it makes sense to leave our options open.

we shall design an interface for which optimised implementations can be provided at a later date.


Its proof, by equational reasoning, proceeds by invoking the axioms Q5 and Q1: isEmpty (dequeue (enqueue x empty)) = { Q5 } isEmpty empty = { Q1 } True.

we .rst apply axiom Q5 to have the subexpression dequeue (enqueue x empty) replaced by empty.


A nominal subset Y of X is called .nitary if it intersects .nitely many orbits of X.

if X is orbit.nite (for instance D or D2)then all its nominal subsets are .nitary.


In our experiments, we set m as 2 and lifetime as 100 time-ticks (time is virtual that ticks at each modification request).

a file modified more than 2 times is classified as hot, while a file in Q0 that has not been modified within the recent 100 modification requests is classified as cold.


executing any deferred procedure calls  executing any interrupt service routines  The routines are given symbolic inputs and arbitrary initial states.

sDV is e.ectively asking: does an API usage rule hold for any of the available dispatch routines when called on any input request?


While the algorithms were simple to derive and prove, they were not directly implementable in an ef.cient manner.

the mutator write barrier, and the individual marking steps were implemented using large, heavy-weight, atomic sections.


Using this technique, we can derive a black-box model which describes the functional properties of the SUT and use it for testing purposes.

given a WSDL description of a web service and its OCL semantic de.nition, we can automatically generate a QuickCheck model.


In this paper, we present the key design principles underlying a new context-aware P/S model of communication, where the context is explicitly managed, focusing on the minimization of network overhead in domains with recurrent context changes.

in Section 2 we review the solutions and proposals of context-aware P/S models.


The increased duration is the effect, so we reduce the effort by 1/3 to get back to the baseline estimate of SLIM.

we have set the ViteProject work to be 2/3 of the SLIM estimate and the sum of rework, coordination, and waiting time is the remaining 1/3.


We use predicate logic formulas to define the measures on this meta model, and have several primitive predicate symbols and function ones.

we use an attribute name as a function that returns its attribute value of the object, and adopt an association name as a binary predicate symbol that returns true when the two objects have the association.


In order to save memory space, a one-to-many mapping mode is adopted in SWL.

one BET .ag can be shared by 2k physical blocks.


DATA ANALYSIS, MODEL VERIFICATION AND RESULTS The empirical models described in section 2, indicate the presence of endogeneity between conformance quality and development productivity.

development productivity and conformance quality affect each other.


The one category that deals with nontechnical factors is Professional practice.

this category contains the following topics: group dynamics/psychology, communication skills (specific to SE), and professionalism.


Cross-validation, also called rotation estimation or hold-out validation [7], is an estimation technique used to provide accurate prediction values based on the training set.

cross-validation is good for catching over-fit models.


The implementation of the meta-level API presented herein also relies on transforming (template) ASTs, however, the built in AST transformations in Groovy are not .exible enough on their own to provide the level of customizability that we need in our framework.

the different phases supported by our interception points would be very hard (if at all possible) to implement in that way.


WEBPRODUCTFAMILYENGINEERING The second part of our research consists of the requirements elicitation in software product lines.

is there a way that we can consolidate the identi.ed commonalities in the Web Application Engineering in the software product line, thereby adjusting the software product to improve future implementations.


19) : b (forall k : N (forall a: ([[ mesh]] ,bt1) (implies (<=:< 0 k (alen a)) (<=:< 0 (aget ak) (alen ([[ verts]] ,bt0) ))))).

we have proved that every index in mesh contains a valid index within verts.


Appendix B shows that our instantiation is in fact a comonad.

that our implementations of extract and extend ful.ll the three comonadic laws.


The i-th leaf of the search tree points to the i-th array slot.


We can see that it was rare for more than 2 3 defects per week to be found for a given property model team, while a conservative estimate for the defect rate for the TF team was 10 20 defects per week.

the teams working in the property model architecture produced defects at less than twenty percent of the rate of that of the traditional framework team.


In this section, we brie.y indicate that those algorithms can be adapted to maintain the reachability of a secured RBAC state.

maintain TCGU , TCGR , TCGP or TCGM when the speci.cations or requirements on the underlining graph are changed.


But it is not su.cient because LVM uses special intermediate code, and libraries of existing development environments (native machine code) cannot be used without recompiling the libraries using the Leonardo C Compiler.

the source code of the libraries are necessary.


Inspired by typestate, DeLine and Fahndrich [21] extended C types in their Vault programming language with predicates (named type guards) that describe legal conditions on the use of the type.

types determine valid operations, while type guards determine these operations valid times of use.


As far as suggesting is concerned, according to the credibility reported in Table 7 and the results reported in [2], showing the similarity measure provided by the best NLP is expected to improve both speed and quality of humans classifications.

it is supposed to decrease of 1.6 seconds the amount of time required to classify a given requirement pair and the correctness is supposed to increase 5%.


d) Is there a point of diminishing returns to the component/object approach?

as the partitionability of a task increases, is there a point at which partitioning the task further increases the time needed to complete it (given a fixed number of people working on it)?


These methods could be integrated with web development approaches to guarantee and efficient integrity checking of the ICs defined in the conceptual schema.

code-generation methods of web development approaches could be enhanced with incremental techniques so that the generated implementation of the ICs is able to verify efficiently the consistency of the information base.


INTRODUCTION Aspect-Oriented Programming(AOP) [5] attempts to aid programmers in the separation of concerns: breaking down of a program into distinct parts that overlap in functionality.

aOP focuses on the modularization of concerns as appropriate for the host language and provides a mechanism for describing concerns that crosscut each other.


the shared ethics of the user population are de.ned and enforced by the peers themselves and not by some central authority.


However, tools available on portal sites provide only general tools such as translation and dictionary tools.

these tools cannot be customized for particular fields and consequently cannot solve collaboration problems in these fields.


If the body satis.es the synchronization correctness requirement described in § 4, then all threads will always be in the same iteration.

loop index variable i should have the same value at all threads (i.e.


Although Theorem 1 asserts the soundness of Algorithm 1, this algorithm is not ideally complete as discussed in Section 4.1.

it is possible for all credentials to be valid simultaneously at the time of the last recommit even if Algorithm 1 fails.


We also assume that all the sensors have the same transmission range.


Product Space One of the most important characteristics in the product dimension is the ability to recognize the objects to be versioned.

each versioned object must have an object identifier (OID).


JPL s experience with commercial .ash systems has not established con.dence that current commercial products provide this level of reliability.

unexpected behavior of the .ash .le system left one of the Mars Exploration Rovers in an uncontrolled state facing a critical low power situation, and resulted in days of lost science activity [15].


DSTM.os(t1,v) abtindicates that t1 is being aborted.

any non-aborted thread t is allowed to write to v; if t does not already own location v, then any previous owners are evicted to the abort state.


When mapping OWL2 constructs to graph patterns, we use an indirect validation approach, whereby results of the graph query correspond to those elements, which violate the given constraint.

a negated query is generated from OWL2 axioms, in order to ef.ciently retrieve the set of violations.


We show that if two classical queries can recover xi with probability 1/2+ e,then xi can also be recovered with probability 1/2+4e/7 using only one quantum query.

1 a (2,d,e)-locally decodable code is a (1,d, 4e/7)-locally quantum-decodable code.


Based on the properties of this functor, we can show that important results for triple graph grammars and transformations can be transferred to plain graph grammars and transformations.

we show that TGG properties based on source consistency of triple graph transformations can now be analyzed using the corresponding plain graph transformations.


Those metrics and models that have been applied to security are mostly adopted from the research field of reliability.

to the knowledge of the authors, no models have been developed that address the discourse on open source versus closed source security.


While some of the processing can proceed concurrently, there are control and data dependencies between the three tasks.

the shipping price is required to finalize the price calculation, and the shipping date is required for the complete fulfillment schedule.


Thus, a language should no longer be characterized as being textual, graphical or tabular, since these are not properties of the language per se but of visualizations of a language.

we propose that a language is characterized by the domain concepts it provides support for (i.e.


For any two distinct assembly IDs A1 and A2, we require S(A1) and S(A2) to be disjoint.

an object in our model is owned by at most one assembly.


Although a tool may be helpful in program comprehension, there may be quite a bit of overhead to run the visualization tool and use it separately from the development process.

successful tools should be developed as plug-ins to IDE or tightly coupled with IDE.


{e : t ' }(if e.e ) (19) tcase e: t1 of x: t2 then e2 else e3 .

tcase e ' : t1 of x: t2 then e2 else e3 (if e.e ' )  Figure 5: .N Reduction we are able to .nd out dynamically whether abstract types are compatible, although we cannot look at their representation.


This paper focuses on the metadata driven memory optimizations based on the general framework.

we aim at memory access instructions which can be translated as register access instructions.


In this context, the issue is whether interfaces of the affected components need to expose extra information to allow the connection with aspectual components and, as a consequence, the traditional concept of interfaces in ADLs needs to be extended.

is the traditional notion of interface appropriate to expose the join points in the affected components where the aspectual components will be connected?


Therefore the mode is determined at runtime by the path of the program execution and not by the program location.

an instruction at a certain program location could be executed in either mode at runtime depending on the program execution path leading up to the program location.


In MATLAB, function arguments are optional.

when calling a function one may provide fewer arguments than the function is declared with.


Still, domination locking can be enforced in several other cases (both manually and automatically).

it can be enforced in cases in which the shared heap is not a forest.


To do this, we can invert GETBOUND() and provide the second useful prediction routine: prob = GETPROB(M, Q, N, W, bound) Although GETPROB() accurately predicts the probability that a job will start before bound, it cannot say exactly when in that time interval the job will execute.

the job could start immediately or one second before the deadline.


In particular, it does not rely on any application-speci.c semantic knowledge (e.g., how to sort points) to work effectively.

traversal splicing can deliver good results even for simple, baseline implementations, without relying on programmer intervention to enhance locality.


Therefore, a good SPM management strategy is the one that converts temporal and spatial data reuses into data locality.

the available SPM space should be managed in such a way that the vast majority of the data requests from the CPU should be satis.ed from the SPM.


These basic evaluation results already con.rm that AWM increases the autonomy of participants (as opposed to approaches employing blocking of resources) by still guaranteeing correct execution in any case.

since none of the reference approaches enables veri.cation of work.ows, AWM is indispensable to ensure correctness.


Note that, our semantics are more abstract than our implementation.

the implementation rei.es instructions in order to interpret them lazily.


Augustsson [2] discusses representations of intermediate depth, in which some constructs have deep embeddings and some shallow.

for a language with a semantics in the form of generated assembly code, the deeply embedded constructs will persist as generated code, whereas those with shallow embeddings will get translated away at compile time .


Not surprisingly, the open process architecture has drawbacks.

eliminating the isolation between a host process and an extension is a major source of software reliability, security, and compatibility problems.


The LOWER HIGHER >MS and GSS >SS, we need only perform a minor collection.

in addition to updating the currentPlan, we must collect the nursery space and copy the remaining live objects into the (shared) mature space.


Then it computes the benefit/cost in terms of spills (i.e., loads and stores) changed by the optimization according to the register allocation optimization model.

for each live range change, the engine finds the critical regions and records the number of definitions and uses in the critical regions.


In preparation for the second pass, every node that binds a variable a also records the positions p where a occurs.

these are the origins of the reverse edges that lead to the present node.


The authors in [7] introduce a unified framework for personalized researcher recommendations.

they propose a network based system, combining social network analysis and semantic concept analysis to provide recommendations for potential research collaborations.


Our results demonstrate that Aikido can be used to speed up shared data analyses.

we have shown that it is possible to speed up existing race detectors by focusing attention to data races caused by instructions that access shared pages.


Throughout the Domain Engineering phase the product line platform is de.ned including the domain artifacts as well as their variability points.

the variability points specify how the distinct products of the product line di.er [2].


In this paper, we intend to study the attackability of different software services with respect to a particular kind of DOS attack.

we use a reward-effort approach for measuring relative attackability among software services.


Although Russo does not explicitly require forward declarations to be transparent, other restrictions of his system implicitly do.

his typing rule for rec ( X : sig) mod demands that, if a type component t is forward-declared abstractly in sig,then mod must de.ne t to be equal to X.t (i.e., by writing type t =X.t).


Interest is growing to apply these mechanisms to wide-area computing resources for on-demand utility computing [5, 13, 20, 11, 49] or the Grid [18, 22, 23].

sharp shares the key goals of the Globus SNAP proposal [18].


Running services are maintained in a list.

if a service is launched by binding from other application components, it will be associated with a col-lection of such components that are bound with it.


The arc expressions on output arcs specify the tokens that will be added to the output places when the transition occurs.

when a transition is enabled, it may occur and thereby remove tokens from the input places as specified by the expressions on the input arcs, and add the tokens to the output places as specified by the expressions on the output arcs.


Thus, if the page size of flash memory is 2K bytes (we assume that a page has four sectors throughout the paper), four sectors can be read or written simultaneously.

in the previous FTL algorithms for small block flash memory, if the consecutive read/write sequence is S0, S1, S2, and S3 where Sn represents the physical sector number n in flash memory, it requires four read/write operations.


These programs have sublinear performance bene.ts.

in these programs balancing computation over communication is a dif.cult task.


But in this model also important AK is maintained: In particular the requirements for the process and the services that implement the control are recorded.

this information can be used to explain the architectural con.guration of the process and the services connected via a secure protocols connector.


The heuristics focus on a small part of the software system.

the amount of classes and methods returned is always small enough to allow for further manual examination.


Unfortunately, this cannot be exploited/accommodated in the actual VLIW/EPIC code generation process, because predicate values are unknown at the time of instruction issue.

two micro-instructions cannot be statically bound to the same functional unit at the same time step, even if their predicates are known to be mutually exclusive, since the actual predicate values become available only after the execute stage of the predicate de.ning instruction, and the result (i.e.


It shows a way of creating a set sthat violates re.exivity of equality in Sun s JDK 1.5 and 1.6.

the call s.equals(s)returns false, which violates the API for java.lang.Object.


In FHR, a transmitter and a receiver switch between a set of known radio frequencies, and they do so in synchrony with respect to a stream boundary.

a receiver must switch its frequency at an exact point in the stream (as indicated by the transmitter) in order to follow the incoming signal.


The result will be sent in a message, and that requires to collect some information.

the address of the source node of the query is the destination of the message to which the result will be sent.


The algorithm INTER+INTRA improved those programs, as well as jess and db on both processors, and also improved RayTracer on the Pentium 4.

iNTER+INTRA achieved an 18.9% speedup of db on the Pentium 4, and also achieved a 25.1% speedup on the Athlon MP, while INTER was ine.ective on both processors.


Task parallel programs generateadynamically unfolding sequence of interrelated tasks, often represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG).Ataskexecuting on the same thread as its parent or sibling tasks may bene.t from temporal locality if theyoperate on the same data.

such locality properties are a feature of divideand-conquer algorithms.


However, each of the programs runs only intermittently because of the way that HTTP (the communication protocol between web client and web application) works.

the program starts when the application receives a message from the client and terminates after delivering the answer to the client.


For this reason, instead of trying to prove that CE faithfully emulates CP , we relax our goal and try to prove the opposite.

we search for an execution state s¯.S that demonstrates that CE does not faithfully emulates CP .


The pfold/buildp rule states that the composition of such two traversals naturally induces a circular program.

we calculate circular programs from programs that consist of function compositions of the form f .


Thus far, however, few inquiries have been made into the provisioning of cache servers [18].

we lack effective procedures for navigating the trade-off between costs and performance of the caching tier, leaving operators grappling with questions such as: Given the budget and latency service-level-agreements (SLAs) for our website, how many cache servers will we need to operate?


In the case of at(P) S, the variables accessed in S that are declared in an outer scope are subject to an at-transfer.

the values of these variables are serialized, transported to P and deserialized into shadow variables with the same name.


Property KPIChannel, whose value is given by the @KPIChannel macro, which returns the address(IP andport)of the endpointtheKPIsvalues must be sent to.

the queueSize KPI will be sent to that address.


Expected outcomes We expect this SIG to guide the Engineering Community participation at CHI 2007.

we expect the outcomes of the SIG to be some or all of the following.


Ironically, there was an exploitable XSS vulnerability on this page that could be used to launch authentic phishing attacks against the company.

the phishing web page could be re.ected o. the company s own server, making it very di.cult for users or anti-phishing solutions to identify the page as being malicious.


Let first and last be the smallest and largest solutions of x to the above inequalities.

lJ end[i]-1 first = min max(0,Sn - span, ln - T ) .i.


(And, since «CP is a subset of «HB, every HB-race is also a CP-race.)

the theorem proof establishes that either the .rst CP-race of a traceis anHB-racein some correct reordering ofthetrace or we canproduce a correct reordering with adeadlock.


Note that we train algorithms with all the examples in our training set minus the examples from the benchmark whose performance we are attempting to gauge.

similar to LOOCV, when compiling a benchmark, we exclude all examples in that benchmark from the NN database.


Figure 1: Screen-shot of Space Invaders mentation alternatives.

the way Yampa allows reactive entities to encapsulate state leads to highly modular and extensible programs.


A methodology for modular proofs of safety and liveness properties of concurrent programs will be proposed.

we will focus on data race and deadlock prevention.


4.3 Proof system Compared to the very simple proof system of section 3.4, the system for proving or refuting whether a given value satis.es a contract in Core Racket is more sophisticated, although the general principles remain the same.

we rely on three different kinds of judgments that relate values and contracts: proves, refutes, and neither.


However, this insertion of Restore pseudo-instructions breaks a fundamental property of our virtual assembly that every variable is assigned just one register.

it leads to a discrepancy when two .ows of a program join after conditional branches.


Taking the campaign start time and end time as described above, we de.ne the relative .rst appearance time for a domain in a particular feed to the time between campaign start and its .rst appearance in the feed.

we take campaign start time as time zero and calculate the relative .rst appearance time relative to this time.


The binding quality of a request is highly re-lated to the quality of its selections.

the top 16 se-lections out of many possible selections have better percen-tile ranks than those out of a few possible selections.


= H.we can take H .. o after transforming o with all concurrent operations.


4.4 Inference It is straightforward to construct a type inference algorithm for our capability type system.

we simply extend the definition of capability .


A NAIVE BAYESIAN APPROACH Ontology graphs are often not simple graphs.

it is very common that there are multiple parallel relationships between two concepts.


In particular: the tool draw astg, packaged with petrifyand interfaced to dot, allows the Petri net to be displayed; petrifyitself, when provided with a library of gates, attempts to generate the logic description of an asynchronous circuit that implements the speci.cation.

di2pn can be used as a front-end to petrify.


Whena library designer changesanAPIinawaythat preserves backwards compatibility with previous releases, source code compatibility is maintained.

existing applications that use a library do not need to change at the source level.


9.2 C++ Array Libraries Due to its powerful type system and its wide-spread use in highperformance computing, C++ has a signi.cant number of array libraries that are both fast and generic.

blitz++ [23] and Boost.MultiArray [1] feature multidimensional arrays with a restricted form of shape polymorphism.


As can be seen from the results, the progression of the second to third chord (II -IV) is found to be troubling.

the movement between the two chords has too many voices moving in the same direction.


(Barendsen and Smetsers 1992) (G, )is an unpointed-cpo.


s) g This transformation is only valid if the state type and generator function of the inner streams are independent of the runtime values of the outer stream.

the state type and generator function are the same for each inner stream, and statically known.


3.1.4 Java Web Services To support the ever-growing need for service-oriented applications, frameworks have been introduced to facilitate the exposition of regular classes as services.

the Java Web Services (JWS) framework [27] provides a set of annotations that can be added to Java classes, methods, and .elds, leaving it up to the underlying framework to provide the necessary plumbing to expose the annotated classes as 1 Metadata MyWebService  2 Class c in p 3 Where (public class *Impl) 4 c += @WebService 5 @WebService.name = (c.name =~ s/Impl$//) 6 Field f in c 7 Where (private * *) 8 f += @Autowired 9 Method m in c 10 Where (public * * ()) 11 m += @WebMethod 12 @WebMethod.name = m.name 13 14 MyWebService  Figure 6: PBSE metadata for Spring Web Service.


Thus, a representative set of requirements has been identi.ed.

the parts of the ETCS speci.cations analyzed by the study are described in the following.


In the in-place area, no address mapping information needs to be maintained because there is an one-to-one mapping from the logical space to the physical space.

each virtual block is mapped to a physical block, and consecutive virtual blocks are mapped to consecutive physical blocks.


Ambiguity is not a problem for recognition.

deciding the membership problem of whether or not a string, ., is in the language de.ned by the regular expression, R (i.e., .


This mechanism guarantees that the talkspurt play-out delay can be dynamically set from one talkspurt to the next, provided that intervening silence periods of sufficiently long duration are exploited for effecting the play-out delay adjustments.

the computed variation of the play-out delay is accommodated at the receiver with the introduction of artificially elongated or reduced silence periods of the human conversation.


Thus, A will recommend B and C to establish a contact if A assesses that B and C are similar .

if we view pro.les as feature sets, we say that two users A and B are similar when their social pro.les L(A) and L(B) overlap signi.cantly.


If we look closer at the top 10 predicted sequences and their predicted y-values (marked by blue triangles and purple circles in the .gure), these sequences are among the best sequences in terms of their actual speedup.

the best predicted sequence from CFG model is the actual best sequence, which means we achieve a speedup of around 19×.


Further study is required to better understand the underlying issues of effective pattern deployment.

we will observe the relation between the deployment of design patterns and functional errors.


If functions do not respect the balancing operations, we cannot take advantage of the balancing nature.

we require that each function should result in the same value for all equivalent join lists.


The main difference is that CaesarJ features several modes of deployment.

caesarJ aspects are explicitly instantiated (deployed) by classes .


The grammar and parser are at the root of the dependency graph in Figure 2 (A), since the syntactic structure of programs is the basis for the implementation of all other services.

the services for presentation in Figure 2 (B) and editing in Figure 2 (C) are automatically de rived from the grammar.


While the use of the complex algorithm in Figure 10(c) does not a.ect the trends seen in Figure 10(b), it does a.ect the degree of locality required before proxy outperforms the other mobility protocols.

as subscription languages become more expressive and expensive to process, the bene.ts of publication locality on proxy will diminish.


The third step involves exploiting opportunities for inserting alternative content that corresponds to the critical content under consideration for some category of learners.

we consider that the didactical content may be considered as: optional, in which case the content is not essential to the realization of the module s objective; mandatory, in which case the content is essential or relevant to the realization of the module s objective.


Identifying idioms for programming simultaneously with feature-like constructs and security concerns such as least privilege is an important area for future research.

our work to date raises the following observations and research questions:  Formal modules, with checked and enforced interfaces, are critical to preventing least-privilege violations.


A polynomial type system The depth system entails termination in polynomial time but does not guarantee that programs do not go wrong .

the well-formed program in (3.6) get stuck on a non-value.


The programmer need not identify a and b in the commit operation this is handled automatically which makes it easy to use.

developer only speci.es when to commit but need not specify what to commit.


These e.orts match well with the proposed knowledge ecosystem model.

we have taken on the role of the adapter in Figure 1 and applied the ideas of bridging representations and boundary objects as described in Section 3.


Figure 2: Solutions classi.cation Uni-objective: These solutions focus on one objective while ignoring the other.

wIC: A general-purpose algorithm for monitoring web information sources.


previous visited solutions could be selected again.

it is exploited when the cost function is CPU-time intensive and can be parallelized.


DAOP-ADL defines a new XML element -a set of aspect evaluation rules - where the composition is defined.

the tourist guide is available on a handheld device.


The expression of the abstract conditional operator we consider is Ri = ifa Bn thena Rj elsea Rk, where Bn an abstract Boolean and Ri, Rj and Rk are abstract real variables associated respectively with the intervals I, J and K. According to the classical de.nition of the conditional, the following interpretation is de.ned: If Bn = True,Then I = J,  If Bn = False,Then I = K,  Finally, If Bn is not de.ned Then Ri is not de.ned as well and I = .AR .

the approach has been implemented in Java and applied to parts of a .ight control system of the AIRBUS aircrafts.


Child Development, 74, 2003 [20] B. Nora, G. Said, A. Fadila.

journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 120, pp.


Data aggregation may be as simple as combining several sensor readings into one single packet or averaging data sampled on di.erent nodes.

categories and Subject Descriptors C.2.4 [Computer-Communication Networks]: Distributed Systems distributed applications; I.5.4 [Pattern Recognition]: Applications signal processing General Terms Design, Experimentation, Performance  Keywords Wireless Sensor Networks, Distributed Event Detection, Innetwork Data Processing, Pattern Recognition 1.


Some commercial disassemblers such as IDA Pro can report high static disassembly coverage because they are mainly designed to facilitate reverse engineering of executable binaries, and thus can afford to make occasional errors in disassembly results.

dynamo has been ported to the Win32/x86 platform [6].


However, for general-purpose NoCs (such as Tile64TM by Tilera [19], 80-core processor by Intel [20]), different system configurations resulting from multi-user behavior are too dynamic and too complex in nature to be modeled off-line.

events displayed in Figure 10 start from the 101st event sequence.


When migrating VMs [10, 29], for example in a grid computing environment [14, 41], working set size information enables the job scheduler to intelligently select a new host with an adequate amount of available memory.

these application workloads stress Geiger s ability to track evictions that may occur for several different reasons.


It can be seen that the shapes of the lines and the reference Pareto frontiers are relatively similar to each other across all programs, suggesting a similar relationship between coverage and fault detection for these programs.

a weakness of test suite reduction is that the removal of some test cases from the test suite may potentially reduce the fault detecting capability of the test suite too.


With this approach, a user will quickly be overwhelmed by long menus, a multitude of wizards, and so on.

our next UI design will use a small sliding popup window that reminds the user about new tools, as suggested by the participants in our study.


the same linear order, and in the weak one incomplete policies can be composed arbitrarily.

tHE STN ABSTRACTION This section gives an overview of the Software Transactional Networking (STN) architecture we propose.


For example, to catch a stag, the hunter needs to be stronger; while to catch a hare, the hunter needs to be nimbler.

also, the buyer needs obey the product s restrictions more or less.


In our approach, feature models, are automatically generated based on the Core Component Library released by UN/CEFACT.

furthermore, business partners update their Feature Model Con.guration corresponding to Pattern 9, causing a new Business Information Entity Model to be generated automatically.


We have found UML 2.0 collabora- Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for pro.t or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the .rst page.

they .t well with an understanding of services as collaborations between service roles played by objects that deliver functionality to the service users.


When a query aimed for some speci.c .les are raised by the .le requester, the index node will respond with a list of related indices for the .le requester to select.


In [46], the clinical guideline de.ned in GLARE [33] is translated to a Promela [29] representation and veri.ed by SPIN.

(Some hospitals have resorted to entering transfusion orders on the medication page of the record since that page is consulted frequently by the nurse, even though this causes other di.culties with the electronic order system.)


Software Testing, Verification, and Reliability; 22(2), pp.

notice that such weight pool can also be provided by users.


Our current hypothesis is that the decrease in bene.t of counting sort from range T 18 and onward is due to more and more complicated memory access patterns in the reconstruction phase.

as an example, element 1 occurs once in the .nal array because the difference between the element at position 1 and 2 in the position array is precisely one.


Using hierarchical scheduling to support soft real-time applications in general-purpose operating systems.

there are additional memory accesses as well as a larger strain on the CPU.


The practicality of this, however, is challenging we all have experience we bring to new situations.

the second company fostered much continual direct conversation and used consequential choice in 9 of 11 decisions we observed (81.8%).


Previous workhasdeveloped the concolic testing technique(a combination of concrete and symbolic testing techniques) and the evolutionary testing technique to address these two challenges, respectively.

evolutionary testing tries to .nd suitable combinations of method sequences, starting from the method sequences generated by concolic testing.


In order to ensure that we were not over-reporting the overhead of our trace pro.ling subsystem, we show the execution times for the SPECJvm98 benchmarks under steady-state operation in Figure 10.

the per (a) Trace Layouts in Address Space (b) Normalized Trace Continuity 5B0480C6 (Low) 9BFE8D1F (High) Virtual Address Space (32MB increments) Normalized Continuity Figure 3.


Copyright 2005 ISBN # 1-59593-126-0 17/05/05 ... $5.00 J. Singh H. Hallal Concordia University CRIM 1455 Maisonneuve West 550 Sherbrooke West, 100 Montreal, Canada Montreal, Canada +1 (514) 848-2424 1 (514) 840-1234 j_singh@ece.

process Declaration: Each thread in the trace translates to an active process in PROMELA.


RELATED WORK While there have been many studies on data provenance [6, 19, 20, 11, 10, 3], the security aspect of data provenance has not been investigated until very recently [7, 12, 24, 23, 14, 22].

the environment EBLS provides oracle BLS.Sign that returns BLS signatures on requested messages.


A concept de.nition (P,G,B) is further processed and re.ned into a quadruple (Pexp,Pimpl,G,C) for the purpose of concept checking.

copy fails to concept-check because we did not include the assumption that we could read from an iterator that meets the Mutable_fwd properties.


Our ABFT detectors report an error when for some vector, row or column |currentSum - recordedSum| > |max(currentSum, recordedSum)|* tol, where currentSum is the current sum of the vector s entries, recordedSum is the recorded sum and tol is a free parameter.

the checkpoint cost itself is quite small, as indicated by the overhead under 1% for detectors with the lowest false positive rates.


Instances of the whole own the instances of its part.

detection of composition relationships should only be performed to answer speci.c questions from software engineers [36].


Ontologies have however some speci.c characteristics that may be helpful for a DW design: (i) modeling Objective: an ontology describes concepts and properties of a domain independently of the target applications.


The unique tag ensures that no other message will have the same tag as this serialized data; since MPI.NET may need manysuch tags for transmitting objects (and cannot use any tag available to the user), MPI.NET maintains a separate shadow communicator that has the same processes and ranks as its primary communicator,but is reserved only for serialized data messages.

the following example illustrates a typical use of the MPI send primitive in C: int my value = get local value(); MPI Send(&my value, 1, MPI INT, dest, tag, MPI COMMWORLD); public void Send(T value, int dest, int tag) {using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream()) {BinaryFormatterformatter = new BinaryFormatter(); formatter.Serialize(stream, value); unsafe {.xed (byte* buffer =stream.GetBuffer()) {Unsafe.MPI Send(new IntPtr(buffer), (int)stream.Length, Unsafe.MPI BYTE, dest, tag, comm); }}}} Figure 2.


This means that the advice in AspectJ directly a.ects the behavior of the join point that matches the pointcut.

eCaesarJ can simulate event-driven layer transitions by letting event handlers imperatively deploy and undeploy aspects that de.ne context-speci.c behaviors.


the maximum time for a used challenge to propagate the network is 2pd +2p.


In addition, code compactness might play a crucial role if the application requires rapid data processing (e.g., tracking a fast moving target, while predicting its trajectory).

once at a remote node, the agent tests whether the local avalanche assessment reading is greater than the specified threshold of 6.


MOTIVATING EXAMPLE Consider this code, taken from Ohioedge CRM, the largest open-source customer relations management project [41].

many .nd the consistency and durability of transactions to be too heavyweight for most programming purposes (e.g., [2, 32, 14]).


these values are actually sets of variables, integer literals, and binary expressions, meaning the set will be reduced to a constant c, if every element it contains eventually reduces to the constant c .


A SecGraph also provides traceability information ysis extracts SecGraph; architects assign security properties to abstract objects and edges using SecGraph queries; architects write and execute constraints and .nds suspicious edges; architects trace to code from suspicious edges and inspect potential vulnerabilities.

an architect can reason about what object a data.ow communication refers to, and how other objects are using the same data.ow object.


Secondly, no matter how fast database requests are served from memory, each distributed table query has to be sent and received over the network, bounding the minimum latency by the network round trip time.

let p be an ordered partition of a sentence, such that p =(p1,p2,...,p|p|).


For three (NE, FS, LU) of our four test applications and for many real-world codes, the number of messages sent and the communication patterns are independent of the size or content of (a) (b) 1   (c) the processed data.

since messages 1 and 2 are synchronized by operation D1, we do not need to consider E while determining the operations potentially interfering with messages 1 and 2.


Suppose a large number of sensor nodes are scattered in a geographical region.

it may provide a wrong direction for people to escape when the event boundary has an arbitrary shape.


A .rst notion might be to simply map all required expressions to a mixing console, such as employed in sound editing basically a tangible equivalent to a generic facial rig.

if all expressions are valid by themselves, it is impossible to over-weight the rig.


A symbolic grammar G. for SimpleCalc replaces the calc concrete productions for letters and numbers with symbolic placeholders: Letters l ::= a Numbers n ::= ß This is a simple renaming change where a and ß are symbolic constants.

while this already provides more scalability (measured as coverage per unit time), this technique su.ers from the drawbacks of constrained exhaustive enumeration: the number of valid strings explodes as the size of the input bu.er increases.


For DINING, we use 1 million philosophers and equal number of forks.

hence, a greedy barrier-merging algorithm leads to an optimal number of barriers.


In their study, two developers were instructed to identify concerns in the source code of two applications.

this concern involves too much responsibility and code across most of the system modules.


[12] "Extend Developer's Reference Manual," Imagine That Inc.

they may work more efficiently on defect fixing, while novices are struggling on their long defect list.


First, it checks that no follow sets of host nonterminals have changed except to add the marking terminal.

an error message reporting a shiftreduce con.ict in the generated parser or a lexical ambiguity in the generated scanner comes too late, as the programmer may not be able to .x it; this is properly the job of the extension designer.


However, most people do not want to customize their controls at .rst.

a. Myers, J. Nichols, J. O. Wobbrock, and R. C. Miller.


This result is signi.cant since the data set used is a real and large web of trust.

one of the sites has no trust in the entity that it has a trust relationship with.


3.4.3 Forces Sometimes the timing constraints on the rate of sampling may not be very strict and/or the cost of additional interrupt triggering hardware resource may be too costly based on the needs of the business.

3.7.4 Solution If the probability of change in system/business requirements is considerable and the concern for maintainability of the firmware by other software engineers in the future is not appreciable then the table driven sampling approach should be applied.


We often wish to use functional arguments at many different times: in this case, we want to apply the argument to each element of the input stream.

; G f e :i !A T ' ;.,x :i A;G f e ' :i B T, T ' ; .


3.1 Modeling Request Distributions To formalize the problem, we will represent the distributions using a vector and multiple matrices.

e.ciency vs. Portability in Cluster-Based Network Servers.


Speedup Versus Ef.ciency in Parallel Systems , IEEE Trans.

equal_eff does not have a rule to stop the processor allocation to the applications.


In the body of an invoked method, a coordinate from the context can be accessed using its role (dimension) name.

such views can be dynamically produced by the IDE.


D: A Language Framework for Distributed Programming.

the advice execution feature of COOL is empty, because a COOL coordinator can only advise Java methods.


The increasing use of MDE solves the problem of complexity in the development process at a high level of abstraction.

for this, we study the SCA metamodel and event-B metamodel.


Negotiation with the customer, in his or her own language, is necessary in order to resolve inconsistencies and to add more information for the purpose of obtaining useful requirements.

v. Need to request a meeting via teleconferencing specifically added to the request abstraction after following the participant-request link.


In an execution, if the two branches are taken in alternative loop iterations, then the affinity relation is accurate, that is, the two arrays are used together.

the other three SPEC CPU2000 programs, Applu, Galgel, and Swim2K, have reference affinity among large arrays.


Successful diagnosis of mild HCM presents a major medical challenge, especially in athletes with exerciseinduced hypertrophy that overlaps with HCM.

in general, even with the most challenging iterative MapReduce job, the learning algorithm achieved speedups between 47.05 and 53.67 on a high con.guration of 64 cores of our Hadoop enabled Beowulf cluster.


Each of the remaining three con.gurations adds a different portion of LiteRace s instrumentation overhead: the .rst adds just the dispatch check, the second adds the logging of synchronization operations, and the .nal con.guration is the complete LiteRace instrumentation including the logging of the sampled memory operations.

the weighted average uses the number of memory accesses in each benchmark application as a weight.


That way the tests can be used to check and see if the program is still adhering to the specification mid test rather than having to be used for marking only.

so it is possible to extract all objects of that type or extract the nth one.


In Workshop on Programming Languages and Analysis for Security (PLAS).

predictive mitigation of timing channels in interactive systems.


Based on a brainstorming session, the designers come up with the following triggering rules: TR1.

files that capture information about failures, performance bottlenecks or system health metrics [2].


We are preparing to make Amida public in our website 1 .

it is di.cult to manually divide the trace to phases and visualize one of them as a feature-speci.c sequence diagram.


(a) The stack trace alone shows that a parse error was encountered.

dynamic slicing is very expensive, e.g., 10-100X slowdowns are typical, while origin tracking uses value piggybacking to make it ef.cient enough for deployed software.


Hence, even the restrictive replication policy allowed replication of such jobs.

the overlay constructor is responsible for submitting new execution clients into the grids whenever there are jobs in the job queue.


Querying: The semantic repository embeds a query engine accessible through HTTP.

at this very moment, because the .nal object is there, no one wonders about its reconstitution .


We need at least one intermediate assertion; see Figure 4.

in Figure 1 some of these locations are indicated by the comments S, A, B, C, and H. We think of a computation as a sequence of computation states each of which consists of a control state (a code location) and a data state (a vector of values of the variables).


Typically, FOP aims at implementing a certain feature in a cohesive unit, i.e., the corresponding feature module.

hence, the pre-conditions for the refactoring are ful.lled.


It is possible to create user interfaces, which include video, location and identification information on the map or on the floor plan [12].

the research focus in this stage and especially in 6LoWPAN pilots has not been on interoperable issues.


On startup the analysis tool requests the framework to be noti.ed of certain events (not shown in the .gure).

the framework cannot directly access memory locations of guest processes.


State the scienti.c contribution of the paper (Is the topic of the paper important?

when reading, check after each paragraph or section whether it is sound, whether you learned something new from it, and whether it can be left out or .ts elsewhere.


[2] G. Ammons, J. Appavoo, M. Butrico, D. Da Silva, D. Grove, K. Kawachiya, O. Krieger, B. Rosenburg, E. Van Hensbergen, and R. W. Wisniewski.

the process can be created signi.cantly faster because the contents of memory pages need not actually be copied.


Additionally, certain application domains requiretheGSAto outputtoadevice(e.g., a PCA pump or output display), and receive feedback from that device.

adifferent correlator could forward events as fast as the fastest vitals monitor and simply reuse most recent values for vitals which update more slowly.


In this paper we have target services as implementation platform.

context at metamodel and model levels The architecture provides context definition, representation and reasoning capabilities.


In R. A. Kowalski and K. A. Bowen, editors, Proc.

our constraint solving metho d is di.erent from general decision metho ds (cf.


Generic Aspect-Oriented Design with Theme/UML, AOSD, pages 425 458, Addison-Wesley, Boston, 2005.

model composition is crucial to many model-driven software development tasks e.g., to manage a set of evolving enterprise models and reconcile models developed in parallel by different development teams.


VoD-KATV is a distributed system composed by several components, which are integrated through web services (cf.

when we run the QuickCheck state machine to test the buggy web service, QuickCheck returns the following error (after shrinking): Shrinking..........(10 times) [{set,{var,3}, {call,test_sut,createRoom,["A",""]}}, {set,{var,4}, {call,test_sut,createRoom,["A",""]}}] QuickCheck .nds a smaller trace of operations that cause the same error in our model, i.e., create two households with the same identi.er.


Now, assume the following access sequence: ABABCDDDBBBB (shown in Figure 1) and that we have a cache with a capacity of 2 items.

reducing energy consumption of disk storage using power-aware cache management.


The constraints are de.ned on a loop nesting tree.

this stage will be discussed later, in Section 4.2.


To this end, we execute a PUT (including the methodsunder-test it calls) symbolically, assigning symbolic variables to its parameters.

we believe that the bene.t of automatic and comprehensive test case generation outweighs the additional effort.


Scheduling Workflows with Budget Constraints.

for example, the Growing workload pattern may represent a scenario in which a news or video suddenly becomes popular and brings in more and more users to hit the button.


There are no additional structures needed for words or paragraphs in Crystal.

the question-answering cannot simply be plugged into an existing application like Microsoft Word.


The algorithm takes in the levels determined by the complexity algorithm and checks if we have to further adjust the configuration through the following algorithm: for every audio quality level y; for every level of game pieces x; for every image quality level z; determine space required for (x, y, z); store space required in array p[]; loop; loop; loop; sort p[] by space required; search z[] for best configuration with space required < space available on the device; When the best configuration for the device resources has been chosen, the configuration server changes the code to get the right number of game pieces, import the image and audio files and then compiles the game run-time before packaging the deployment into .jar and .jad files for download to a web server.

for up to 8 game pieces the speed of handling has no significant increase (and even decreases at one point), but the number of calls increases significantly.


The key .ndings in our study are the following: An overwhelming majority of the clusters, even as seen from a very high-volume web site, are very small, posing no issue with respect to hidden load.

[6] Michele Colajanni, Philip S. Yu, and Valeria Cardellini.


d) Is there a point of diminishing returns to the component/object approach?

justify the choice of 5 people per project team.


4.2 The other schedulers There are three other schedulers with which we compare the CAMP algorithm: Parallelism-Aware (PA), which delivers TLP specialization only, SF-Driven (SFD), which delivers ef.ciency specialization only, and round-robin (RR), which equally shares fast and slow cores among all threads.

since PA does not compute thread-speci.c speedup factors, it cannot distinguish between HIGH, MEDIUM and LOW utility threads.


with the exception of [24], these have not been formal analyses.


devised a novel strategy to evaluate the relative bene.t of multiple per-function phase sequences during a single program execution by maintaining different versions of the same function in one executable and switching between them during execution [10].

first, our current results demonstrate that customizing the phase sequence over .ner program lev 4 The slight average performance improvement of hybrid search over function-based search is, most likely, due to a different random path selected by the genetic algorithm during the hybrid approach.


the set of all services and the integration of services may not de.ne the complete system behavior in the sense of totality: I.e.


Journal of Information Systems, 8, 1 (Spring 1994), 1 17 S68 Leonard-Barton, D., and Sinha, D. Developer user interaction and user satisfaction in internal technology transfer.

188 203, 2011 S25 S. Pelayo, From users Involvement to users needs understanding: a case study, International Journal of Medical Informatics, vol.


It is important to notice that when the batch builder picks requests from these queues, it follows the linked list.

being below the buffer manager also means that APEX is unaffected by cached data.


an observer with view L sees the private facet VH in avalue (k ?


Providing Video-on-Demand using Peer-to-Peer Networks.

bulletMedia replicates each block steadily, with low standard deviation (shown as error bars in Figure 5) and quickly reaches the desired replication factor of 4 (including the .le present at the source, which why is the line in Figure 5 starts at 1).


The consumer functions, like sum, usually contain a loop that iterates on the generator.


( LS with LTS ) ( LS with Preprocessed ) Figure 7: Box plots of the MREs in 10 testing sets based on the ISBSG data Table 6: Mean and median MREs of the outliers in 10 testing sets based on the ISBSG data LS with LTS LS with preprocessed Mean 3.0672 2.7770 Median 2.163 2.08 NN provides the best estimation accuracy on both the ISBSG and the Bank data.

international Joint Conference on Neural Networks, pages 771 776, 2007.


The most e.ected index is 2D rendering, which is lowered by 50%.

we consider an audio clip as silence if the .le includes virtually no words and little noise (i.e., less than -70dB in volume).


All results have confirmed that the subjects that have completely projected the concerns into the artefacts have not presented significant difference in the means of Hits, False Negatives, and False Positive, and thus, strengthening H1.

to further investigate the distinguishing nature of the Business concern, Table 3 indicates the measures of Hits, False Positives, and False Negatives per participant for Business.


And so on until a .nal state is reached.

the behaviour of a Web service composition should be tested exhaustively before it is used.


Even if bypass hint were perfectly accurate, the selected instructions have to be steered to the ports via muxes, exactly as in BC.

6.2.2 Register read and write techniques combined In this section, we combine bypass hint with decoupled rename.


For example, many small features and cross-cutting functionality are hard to implement in individual components [17].

an action adds or removes named con.guration constraints using keywords addReq and removeReq followed by a constraint de.nition (Line 5) or a constraint name respectively (Line 8).


The join of the guards in a typical numerical domain will yield 0=i=2.

,Er).If E is another fact such that El .


In fact, the Model and the Sensitive message interfaces may contain the same methods but since the PCDs are dependent on view concepts, there is no confusion.

for a base program without annotation, we can .rst specify the modules and message interfaces using other approaches, create annotations for them, and then add annotations to the appropriate classes and methods of the base program.


Currently, fmp2rsm only supports presence conditions and meta-expressions; support for iteration directives is planned.

guidelines on using templates with other mechanisms for representing variability in models, such as various analysis and design patterns, are needed.


(to the extent that we can assess this partly informal property)  How can contract inference be used to assist programmers or to improve the programmer-written assertions?

writing preconditions makes it easier to write code, while writing postconditions makes code easier to use and makes faults in the code easier to detect.


In OON-SKI 94, pages 323 338, April 1994.

the Receive operationis ableto directly receiveintoavariable supplied by the caller.


Indeed, only symmetric cryptographic primitives are employed on the mobile device.

given that a secure mechanism for the exchange of data already exists, users may view a SPATE-speci.c transfer mechanism as unnecessary and cumbersome.


The most probable conclusion validity threat in experiments involving randomized algorithms is due to random variations.

to address the above-mentioned problem, in this paper, we empirically studied four search algorithms: (1+1) Evolutionary Algorithm (EA), Genetic Algorithm, Alternating Variable Method, and used Random Search as a comparison baseline, along with a newly proposed fitness function.


To account for the costs of a path to the overall objective value, we reduce the capacities of all nodes along this path by the minimum .ow and repeat until no feasible path can be found anymore (reminiscent of the classic Ford-Fulkerson method).

e.ectively, adding such global bounds cuts the CFG in disjoint subgraphs, in each of which we compute the WCET: No path can traverse a preemption point.


Precise 4D Trajectory Wake Vortices are very precise phenomena that dissipate at a fast rate, and move vertically and horizontally, in such a way that a route defined only by a Flight Plan is not precise enough to detect conflicts.

this recalculations use the same procedure described in the previous subsection.


The second observation from the experiment is that the Triage system satis.es all constraints irrespective of the task arrival distribution.

the query processing surrogate uses the other surrogates to create a complex combination of resources, including processing, routing, and storage.


players interact with the game so fast that it is too expensive to process every single action with the database.


1.1 Our Work This paper investigates, through simulation, the possibility that the use of path diversity can reduce the loss rate under certain network conditions.

estimated parameters can be made available in most cases, especially for random and burst losses.


We de.ne the playback continuity as the ratio of the number of chunks that arrive at the peer before playback deadline to the total number of chunks encoded in the stream.

some parameters needed in the algorithm is hardly to obtain in advance, so it is unpractical to use this algorithm to reduce the delay in P2P live streaming systems.


This strategy estimates the lowest possible constant CPU frequency under the time constraint that all deadlines must be met.

this strategy reduces the operating frequency as shown in 0.


Sender peers are potentially scattered across the Internet, therefore connection to one sender peer could exhibit signi.cantly different characteristics (i.e., bandwidth and RTT) from connections to other senders.

the following packet assignment strategy can cope with slow senders: once the number of packets assigned to each sender (ki) is determined based on its throughput, the ordered list of packets is distributed among active senders in a weighted round-robin fashion.


none of them focuses on how to translate user requirements into appropriate design elements.


Moreover, the proposed concept is also helpful for a quick localization of the defects of an unsuccessful test scenario.

that means = max(T ); (2) TT Smax The minimum time to execute a failed test scenario TT Smin would be the smallest Ti value.


Though, in practice, cvs may also behave according to some probability distribution.

with this type, for any pair of agents x and y, Faster(x, y) consistently returns the same, possibly wrong, result such that relation Faster still imposes a partial order on the agents.


the one represented by node v11, is identified as the root cause of the observed failure.

in the event when all failing runs trace back to the same fault, the core algorithm only needs to be run once.


much thanks to the advancements of optimizations and language design focused on ef.ciency in GHC, the Haskell community now enjoys several high-performance libraries and it is quite possible to write ef.cient code in Haskell.


We assume that critical sections are protected by spinlocks.

section 3 analyzes the reason of lock thrashing and introduces three classical lockthrashing avoidance solutions.


After processing the command, ECoq shows the following output.

only inductive types and terms need to be considered.


Cardoso, Andre Toledo and Horacio C. Neto, Data Driven Regular Reconfigurable Arrays: Design, Space Exploration and Mapping , LNCS 3553 Springer, pp.

area and clock frequency issues have not been considered.


In Figures 2-4(b), on top of max and min MFLOPS (MIPS) rates attained for each benchmark, we plotted the corresponding MFLOPS (MIPS) rates when incurring the max and min average power consumptions.

we found that for most benchmarks, while the variations in per formance are much more dramatic than those in power con sumption, there seems to be no direct correlation between the performance attained and the power consumption in curred by application-level optimizations.


ICFP 10, September 27 29, 2010, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

our course should demonstrate that introductory programming can focus on program design, not just a speci.c syntax.


4.1 Methodology The basic purpose of Practicum course is to provide effective and pragmatic software project management education to graduate students aiming to become prospective project managers.

section 2 outlines the Practicum course in light of the recommended software project management practices.


For multiple concurrent transmissions, even nodes that are not in the same communication ranges may interfere eachotherbyincreasing thebackground noiselevel.

if anode receives a packet that has been forwarded earlier, it will be ignored, which avoids cyclic forwarding.


Usually the sub-domain code is not easily separable from the existing code base, since there was no requirement given for this de-coupling initially.

if dependencies exist between two artifacts dedicated to either side, these dependencies need to be eliminated.


In 3rd Virtual Machine Research [21] M. Paleczny, C. Vick, and C. Click.

on the multiprocessor the round-robin scheduler and 50% utilization are roughly equal, with a rampup time of about 1.5 minutes.as the CPU resources are constrained, the rampup timeincreases to around 4 minutes: an increase of more than a factor of 2.5.


We observe that TCO has a low delay under zipf pattern where subscription is highly skewed but worse under other subscription patterns.

topics ) and e.cient information noti.cation is demanded [23, 9].


The foreseen evolution consists in switching towards the most suitable system variants provided by the designer at design time [10].

these functionalities are strictly related to the context in which the system operates.


The algorithm runs in linear time and linear space in addition to the token string, however we omit further algorithmic details here.

for computing precision, we randomly selected 100 clone classes from a J2SE system analyzed by RTF (with minimum clone size of 50 tokens) and evaluated them for the existence of false positives.


2.2 Mean Field Analysis To make our Markov chain model tractable for a large-scale SSD, we employ the mean .eld technique [5, 38].

the cleaning cost of the greedy algorithm should be the smallest among all algorithms.


Simeon offered GUI admin tools, some minor performance enhancements and commercial support but no source code.

the newest version of GAMESS was obtained, compiled, installed, and optimized for shared memory message passing on the 12 processor Origin.


We can observe the hierarchy relationships and we can distinguish QoS requirements at the query level.

these constraints are restrictions in the cardinality of collections in properties of ontologies.


A Study about Inter-annotator Agreement for Multi-label Image Annotation Stefanie Nowak Fraunhofer IDMT Ehrenbergstr.

we suggest that the inter-rater agreement is validated on a small set to ensure quality as depending on the concepts also the expert annotation agreement varies.


CONCLUSIONS Extensions to existing notions of superimposition have been proposed in order to combine them to create new su- perimpositions.

the suggested formula stands for "always, eventually P may execute its GC", where "always eventually" is equivalent to "infinitely often".


With only one de.nition per variable, lifetime intervals (the main data structure) can be constructed without data .ow analysis.

since values .owing into TRYALLOCATEFREEREG set freeUntilPos of all physical registers to maxInt for each interval it in active do freeUntilPos[it.reg] = 0 for each interval it in inactive intersecting with current do freeUntilPos[it.reg] = next intersection of it with current reg = register with highest freeUntilPos ... ALLOCATEBLOCKEDREG set nextUsePos of all physical registers to maxInt for each interval it in active do nextUsePos[it.reg] = next use of it after start of current for each interval it in inactive intersecting with current do nextUsePos[it.reg] = next use of it after start of current reg = register with highest nextUsePos ...


The City has built up its information networks since the 1980 s; with the development of the Internet, it has recognised the potential for making information available to its citizens more readily.

we aim to define Change Frames for synthesizing recurrent change situations, akin to the way basic Problem Frames [19] capture classes of recurrent software problems and their solution.


2003; Sumner and Popovi´c 2004; Pauly et al.

features are preservedatawiderangeof scales.Inthisexample,afullbodyposeis sculptedusingagraphof226 nodes.Thetailis lifted, arms crossed, left leg moved forward, and head rotated to look backward.


Single thread: When tracking a leukocyte, we use 18 data structures/matrix (1 input sub-image, 1 motion gradient vector .eld, 8 neighbours to store intensity di.erences, and 8 neighbours to store the heaviside value).

the cores around the ring are symmetrichardware resources (e.g., the ring stops), thus serializing the requests.


In this way, the message is sent to the speci.c process identi.ed by PID A1 and along the res channel.

process This signature indicates that TrP I exp will take a name (normally the PID for the corresponding expression) and an Erlang expression as input and will produce a process as output.


As discussed in section 2.1, this has adverse implications on the quality of the code within the tile and may result in losing parallelism due to the introduction of false dependences.

optimizing compilers for modern architectures : a dependence-based approach.


Therefore a latency of 106 msec has been used in our simulation.

at this stage of the investigation the partitioning strategy of peers and the e.ects of churns are not considered.


Cs(ri) Cc 0.5 * n where n is the number of member nodes in MOIC of m which is annotated as DIA instruction.

as stated earlier, our processor supports instructions with up to four operands through DIAMs.


RETURN = valC (D, V )) These summaries were computedbyover-approximatingthebehavior of the common code block with abstract summaries.

it does not use method summariesofanyformanditisthemost direct applicationofexisting symbolic execution technologies [16].


Next, the ECC memory can correct single-bit errors, and can also detect errors of two or more bits but without the ability to identify the locations of these errors.

tThe two bar graphhs for each transsfer innterval representt ordinary migrattion from left to rright, and migratiion wwhere fault detecction headers aree inserted.


only applying the above described principles is not sufficient.


It is important to distinguish the point-to-point messages that may be used in the underlying implementation of collective communication from the data .ow directions in collective communication, such as the ones shown in Figure 4.

phase #2 When an application process reaches a point in the program where it can take a local checkpoint, it saves its local state and the identities of any early messages on stable storage.


We therefore present a tool REDACT (Rdf EDiting And Concealing Tool), which will help protect data privacy and enable secure sharing of sensitive RDF data by means of RDF graph sanitization operations.

provenance Vocabulary Core Ontology Speci.cation.


Moreover, variability could be resolved at runtime, or design time.

question 8: As mentioned earlier, concepts from the product line domain might be reused for addressing variability in software architectures.


In evaluating our privacy .rewall architecture, we .nd that nondeterminism in some applications and in the network raises signi.cant challenges for ensuring con.dentiality because an adversary can potentially in.uence nondeterministic outputs to achieve a covert channel for leaking information.


The cause of this shortcoming is the fact that traditional metametamodels (MOF in this case), in order to be generic, equate is-instance-of and conforms-to relations between the metametamodel, metamodels and models.

we will .rst describe approaches tuned to .nding the exact nearest neighbor (NN algorithms).


4 [s]) bigger than when the 10 bean age variant was used.

two di.erent scenarios have been tested: one in which the application adaptation was not employed (i.e.


Many commercial and research toolsuites provide APIs to manipulate models.

further details about critical issues of model transformation testing are presented in [6].


In each itera- tion, each processor produces a part of the vector x~+l, but needs all of vector xi as its input.

[24] J. Nolte, M. Sato, and Y. Ishikawa.


[7] Chris Ostler, Karam S. Chatha, and Goran Konjevod.

the algorithm generates solutions with throughput no less than 1 of optimal and 2(1+E) data memory requirements no more than (1 + E) times the memory constraints.


The New Model of Parallel Genetic Algorithm in Multi-Objective Optimization Problems--Divided Range Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm--.

generally used to execute several MOEAs si- multaneously (see Figure 3).


Treating an array as a whole causes loss of per-element information.

although we evaluated benchmarks employed in previous papers, for example Dacapo and Colorado [28], we found that the data cache miss opportunity is very small when running on recent machines with large L2 cache.


Hence, the VFG captures the .ow of pointers to allocated blocks, without recording their offsets into the blocks.

none of the above techniques is capable of reasoning about leaks and other heap errors in recursive data structures, such as lists or trees.


The bottom one shows the micro-level simulation.

the analysis of the traffic impacts is limited in macro level only.


This is an imposition of the OOP paradigm used to develop DCAS, which enforces encapsulation and information hiding, favoring good modularization, but also constrains the access of embedded adaptation mechanisms to information (e.g., for anomaly detection) and restricts actuation to their local scope (hampering coordinated adaptation).

our resilience evaluation framework focuses on quantitative analysis using measurements, and does not assume the existence of Markov-chains describing the behavior of system components.


Analogously, the sequential task after the parallel section is a successor of all other tasks or vice versa: each other task is a predecessor of the sequential task after the parallel section.

x MAXT ASKS = (taskusedj + htasksj ) (13) j.T asks 4.3.8 Cycle free constraint To ensure that the created tasks are deadlock free, the nodes are sorted topologically bytheirdependencies.


Optimizations The approaches we have just demonstrated represents the generalized model of how we implement the various language constructs of Virgil targeted for hardware compilation.

autoPilot takes a completely different approach to converting functions onto an FPGA.


J. on Software Tools for Technology Transfer, 5(2-3):205 220, 2004.

::= t silent action | pid!from sig output action | pid?from sig input action | die(node) node failure the actions visible in erlangMultiNodeSysAction are only the node-to-node communication and node failure.


Finally, a slightly di.erent way of computing the projected value from the counter s stored data is needed, because the mantissa part becomes zero when the exponent is incremented.

finally, the al gorithm attempts to store the new pair to the counter, using CAS to con.rm that the counter has not changed (line 59).


As the authors of previous proposals did, we won t provide co-variance for arrays, since we believe that the complication needed for the related implementation would not be worth the advantages one obtains.

big applications which make little use of genericity features will have little overhead, while smaller applications which intensively use parametric types are likely to be more a.ected by the translation.


We note that prior work on staleness-based leak detection diagnoses this leak because a smallpart of each order sdata structureis stale[9].Melt executes SPECjbb2000about twice aslong as withoutMelt (1166vs.


This is shown by the continuous line in Figure 4(b).

it is di.cult to provide an exact de.nition of the e.ect which matches intuition.


This generic server may be used with any kind of protocol parsers (text or binary); it can be used as a base for almost any kind of protocol.

first, this approach is not e.cient since it causes many system-level context switches.


Due to the timestamping issues in Python described above, the modi.cation timestamp cannot be used to check if a .le has been modi.ed.

it covers special areas such as hard disk detection and algorithms to merge and determine di.erences between manifests.


Meanwhile, let us gain some intuition by developing examples.

formally, we represent the choice of a tag as a numerical index into E, via new rules: G f VALID G f n:#E G f 0: #(cE tE) G f 1+n:#(cE tE) we expect that in practice, you might rather refer to these values by tag, and we shall ensure that this is possible in due course.


Pure Delta-oriented Programming * Ina Schaefer1 Ferruccio Damiani2 1Chalmers University of Technology, 421 96 Gothenburg, Sweden 2Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit` a di Torino, C.so Svizzera, 185 -10149 Torino, Italy Abstract Delta-oriented programming (DOP) is a modular approach for implementing software product lines.

instead, program generation only relies on delta modules comprising program modi.cations such that Pure DOP is more .exible than traditional DOP.


For example, it requires that the scheduler strictly honor thread priorities and that it implement priority inheritance for synchronization locks.

for example, insofar as scheduling analysis is concerned, the real-time thread analyzed in this section could be represented by a workload comprised of three tasks:  1.A task running at ApplicationPriority comprises the work of step 1 and the analogous portion of step 7.


Alexical pattern is an ordered group of words that appears in the labels of at least one class of the ontology.

regulation of is a lexical pattern that appears in labels 1, 2 and 3.


the evaluation is at best an exercise towards an implementation.


This factorised program will be atworst a constant factor slower than the original program, butcan potentially be asymptotically faster.

journal of Functional Programming, 7(3):231 264, 1997.


(i, t, v) E WS[X.piaq otherwise We first prove that CV(i) changes to a value v at and only at the linearization point of a success-ful LSC operation that ends a sequence that invoked LWrite(i, v).

however such an implementation would be complicated only by the more complicated data structure: no difficult synchronization issues would be introduced by this change.


Future work includes adding more features to the WCTC to improve data confidentiality and integrity such as CRC algorithms to detect and fix errors or adding a shared secret to add flexibility to receiver deciphering.

the authors were able to send a 3000 bit message on the Droid in approximately six seconds, a rate of 500 bps.


Register allocators typically take an intermediate representation of a program as input.

runtime compiler designers are averse to implementing compile-time intensive optimization algorithms.


These systems inherit all the challenges of optimizing machinelevel code [36] in addition to the constraint of operating under the tight time constraints of runtime optimization.

lightweight, cross-procedure tracing for runtime optimization.


Each out-coming edge of a predicate node is called a branch.

overall, the algorithm detects all infeasible paths in loop-by-flag pattern in O(NV2) computation steps.


This is in fact necessary to de.ne recursive bindings like those in the letrec construct mentioned above (see the letr case in the de.nition of bindingInfo in Fig.

this set of properties includes nearly all the ones purely about substitution and a-equality that we needed while formalizing the semantics of Nuprl (a cousin of Coq) in Coq [4].


Internal DHT trees typically do not satisfy domain locality properties required in our system.

existing DHTs support path locality [18] or can easily support it by using the domain nearness as the distance metric [7, 17], but they do not guarantee path convergence as those systems try to optimize the search path to the root to reduce response latency.


The Uni.ed Modeling Language User Guide,The Addison-Wesley Object Technology Series Addison Wesley, 1998 [2] C. Botev et al.

users can extend only what the developers predicted they might want to extend.


Center Univ of Southern California 4009 Miranda Avenue  Two NorthShore Center, Suite 320 Los Angeles, CA 90089, U.S.A. Palo Alto, CA 94304, U.S.A. Pittsburgh, PA 15212, U.S.A. {malek,cseo,neno}@usc.edu sharmila.ravula@rtc.bosch.com brad.petrus@rtc.bosch.com Abstract It has been widely advocated that software architecture provides an effective set of abstractions for engineering (families of) complex software systems.

unlike the services provided by pub-sub components that are platform-specific, MIDAS applications also require a number of more generic but less frequently used services.


A resource-testing scheme can limit Sybil attacks only if adversaries conduct the work.

social networks are not appropriate in all systems.


First,we seethattraveltimes fromWiFilocalizationalone are good enough for route planning.

approaches suchasrecording additional dataintestdrives([25]makes video recordingstorecordroadsegmenttransitions,e.g.


First, regular pointers that are manually registered with persistence must still be registered in the no-argument constructor.

memory segments and pointers are ordered in their respective trees by their start address.