After all, the software engineers do not have to understand the full complexity of modeling, this is up to the specialized code-generation engineers.

caution with learning curves is advised tough.


4 We included a benchmark, Lightcuts, in prior work to demonstrate the robustness of the transformation framework [19].


CONCLUSION This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of PDVS, a practical voltage scaling algorithm for battery-powered mobile devices that primarily run multimedia applications.

to improve the scheduling granularity, we add a high resolution timer [2] into the kernel and attach the soft real-time scheduler as the call-back function of this timer.


Then, the implementations have to be registered at the dynamic code loading infrastructure for being available within the whole system.

the method for saving state has to be secured, e.g., using Webservice-speci.c credentials.


Creating one store for all is dif.cult, and it is likely that no one system can truly meet the needs of all users.

chain-based replication provides an effective mechanism to implement these options.


exRiVob  As previously mentioned, MPEG-REL and Rights Data Dictionary (RDD) [6] do not fully define schemas and vocabulary for complex re-editing situations.


Furthermore, it must work in every situation, even when the code has been obfuscated, is self-mo difying or is made tamper-resistant.

protection of software-based survivability mechanisms.


Our current implementation only fuses functions if they appear in a nested let expression.

unfortunately, short-cut fusion [6] and its extension [22, 21] do not scale up to those functions.


The execution times recorded in our benchmarks ranged from 109 to 623993 milliseconds.


6.3 Parallel Test Oracle The parallel test oracle [Binder 1999] is kind of gold standard oracle.

that part of the product line is not within the context of the pattern.


An event (or subgoal) posted from the plan of one capability, will be handled by the plans of this capability itself.

p from PG can then be applied if ß is true, f ' follows from f (i.e., the goal for which the module was called), and f ' is not believed to be achieved.


Parallelism bugs leading to non-determinism may still exist even when testing fails to .nd any determinism violations.

in USENIX Winter Technical Conference, pages 97 106, 1993.


5.2 Speech synthesis system A speech synthesis system is vital for the functioning of any screen reader.

the effect of this drawback is mitigated by the fact that the amount of detail that can be observed through touch is also limited.


To complement and extend our goal, we are additionally interested in the users views and their evaluation.

each model included two parts: a variability model and a model depicting the relations between part of the variability model and a base model specified in a UML class diagram.


Software analysis is a major branch in Software Engineering.

extract larger and more open source projects to validate the correctness of our semantic aggregation and the effectiveness of readability.


An early parallel Lisp implementation was MulT [17], which introduced the notion of lazy task creation [27].

this combination achieves multilevel parallelism, combining the ease of programming of a shared memory model and the scalability of a distributed memory model.


First as a design-time activity, we exploit the software repository mining concepts to investigate the adaptation logs [12] to empirically discover architecture adaptation patterns and their relations.

aRCH represents the architecture model to which a pattern is applied.


The memory reference in such a function may access different address space units in different invocations, and thus often have an incorrect disp.

there is no solution for such an application layout even with six E-slots.


Program steps and controller stepsdo notinterfere unlesstheprogram touches the shared memory.

we say that a state s is abstracted by S. , noted s .


Our analysis has more aggressive aims than escape anal ysis.

this section presents the changes to our analysis that apply this idea.


For CMPT 275, the additional elements meant that the endeavour was no longer just another programming project .

industry practitioners have found that capstone projects do not adequately prepare graduates for the workplace because of its mono-disciplinary approach, a perspective also supported by Reichlmay [6] who indicates the importance of involving industry in the planning of the Software Engineering curriculum.


Moreover, the system can combine two or more positioning systems to get total flexibility.

apart from continuous monitoring, other eventual situations must be considered.


This property is verified if a) expression [PrA] is not satisfied when the following initial condition holds: Own_Tracked_Alt > Other_Tracked_Alt i.e., the controlled aircraft is at a higher altitude than the intruder aircraft, and b) expression [PrA] is not satisfied when the following initial condition holds: Own_Tracked_Alt < Other_Tracked_Alt i.e., the controlled aircraft is at a lower altitude than the intruder aircraft.

[14]E. Allen Emerson and Edmund M. Clarke.


Use of other memory types will cause an abort.

iNTRODUCTION Hardware transactional memory (HTM) [4] is an enduring concept that holds considerable promise for improving the correctness and performance of concurrent programs on hardware multiprocessors.


The Science of Programming, chapter 21 Inverting Programs, pages 265 274.

but semi-inversion is actually possible: If we had chosen the second resequentialisation for h 1101, the requirement for p can be satis.ed, and we would get the following semi-inverse program: main_101(a,c) = h_1101((fun p_101,fun p_111),a,c); p_101(a,c) = c-a/2; p_111(a,b,c) = let True() = c=a/2+b in (); So, instead of invalidating (main,(1,0,1)), we should retry resequentialisation of (h,(1,1,0,1)) in the hope of getting different uses of its functional parameter.


The distributed nature of web services makes white-box testing dif.cult to apply.

the IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS 2007), Application Services and Industry Track, pages 647 654, July 2007.


Practically, storing sensitive information on-site (smart device) is a serious threat [8][9][10].

with continues increment into using the mobile device (mobile computing) and in order to bring the advantages of cloud computing to the mobile computing [2].


For example, saying the number of Patrons must equal 3 means that proactive modeling can automatically ensure the number of patrons is always 3 since 3 does not change.

our approach extends their effort in that proactive modeling can assist in either automatically creating the partial model, or recommending what actions to take on the model.


Users expect timely responses from most interactive services.

computers and Operations Research., 2006.


4.3 Direct Interpretation and LINKPIPE Benefits One common concern about dynamic languages, especially on mobile platform, is the cold code execution performance.

invoke-virtual) into a store of the return address L into the callee function frame (i.e.


Since the size of any quorum in an acceptance set is n, as long as all quorums have at least a positive elements, dual overlap or intersection must be satis.ed.

namely, the client needs to obtain a reply from server 3.


Data elements describe the incoming data connections and attribute names that indicate the input variable.

there already exists an X3D Programmable Shaders Working Group as part of the Web3D Consortium to work on a draft for an integration into X3D.


The ideas presented in [21] are also aimed at validation of contracts by automatically constructing .nite state machines from them.

more parameters could be accommodated by thinking of p as the name of a n-uple.


Powerful incentives like strong intentions, strategies, fundamental principles, and justice boost Kuuki.

mikoshis have Oya-Bous, literally bars of parents, which are two bars that are directly connected to their body.


Second, we closely examined the final games they created to determine if they used the elements we had introduced.

in the third step, we will conduct a mini study to compare students using the new version of KAIL vs. students using one of the existing game development tools, such as Storytelling Alice, measuring interest and engagement with computing.


the approach supported by VIDA is more applicable as the programmers feedback required by VIDA usually can be gathered during conventional debugging.


As such, our approach does neither presume the availability of  Figure 1: XEMU binary mutation testing .ow.

in DATE 11: Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe, Grenoble, France, 2011.


In this work, we propose MaWi, a smart phone based indoor localization system using Magnetic .eld and Wi-Fi as .ngerprints.

through this smart combination, MaWi achieves a scalable deployment due to its low demand on the .ngerprint database, while getting very competitive localization accuracy compared to state-of-the-art systems.


A Domain-Speci.c Approach to Architecturing Error Handling in Pervasive Computing.

a development paradigm involves multiple dimensions, besides programming, whose integration incurs both a conceptual and programming overhead.


After completing the earlier matrices, by using Matrix of Pro.leElement-ConceptMapping ,itispossible to compare the requirements to what was addressed.

«PointCut» was created to represent pointcuts in model level.


Since there are 32 or 64 pages in a block, each header block can contain until 32 or 64 object headers.

due to the flash memory characteristics, log-structured file systems are generally used for flash file systems.


S; G f t :: cS;G,x:t f f :: Eb = P if c ' = P and * o.w.

we believe F* is the .rst language of its kind with such a scale of implementation and evaluation.


Figure 1: Progress dependence graph example.

the closest prior work to AutomaDeD is STAT [5], which provides scalable detection of task behavioral equivalence classes based on call stack traces.


When ICME calls a write()on DataWriter, request object is passed to the publisher object, which does the actual serialization of data over Cloud Domain.

classification of applications and data as public and private, hosting them in their respective clouds with ubiquitous access via services is how we implement a Hybrid Cloud infrastructure.


This speed was fast enough to display an animation on the LCD widget and capture user events.

after the emergence of SLDLs as SpecC [1] & SystemC [2], there have appeared some research results that are considering this level of abstraction as a candidate for simulating embedded S/W in a system level design methodology.


we decide to decompose the application into services.


Secondly, a restricted subset of the outlined hierarchical component structures for modeling of discrete and continuous control behavior can be checked for the consistent recon.guration and real-time synchronization w.r.t recon.guration taking proactive behavior into account [6, 8].

in the remainder of this paper, we .rst introduce the modeling concepts for the integrated description of discrete and continuous models in Section 2.


Dynamic Description Logic (DDL) [3] is adopted in this paper, since it is suitable for behavior formalization and inference, and it is based on Description Logic, which is commonly adopted as the logic foundation of ontology language standards, such as OWL [13], which is used to model context environment in our previous work [6] to provide the features of semantics description and knowledge sharing.

this section describes the context modeling in the framework and the behavior definitions used in the rest of this paper.


However, as we show in Section 4.3, most sessions had no seek actions.

at the time this video was released, the press conference had not ended.


While this .exibility is an important asset, formalizing the content itself makes information less subject to multiple interpretations, and allows it to be automatically processed.

having related information fragments in close proximity of each other, and having multiple uses of the same information, across a set of di.erent documents, are common needs in software documentation.


Our protocol satis.es a number of important properties.

for ease of explanation, we assume that the credential submitter coincides with the resource requester and that negotiations are executed in one round messages.2 1.


GUI , BasicFacilities , and ComplexFacilities features can be considered advices of a crosscutting relationship, because there are references repeated more than once (in accordance with the rule 8 in Table 1), however in the feature model proposed by Sánchez et al [6] each one of these features is a distinct feature model (distinct tree).

to copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee.


Content objects areplacedintothecacheintwosteps.Inthe .rst step,anobjectis added to the cache with a default size, since at this stage the exact size of contentis unknown.

limited logging is needed in production runs to collect input traces, path pro.les, and event orders to reduce the searchspace.A constraint solveris used to reproducefailures.Compared tothesetechniques, ourapproach sharesthesame observationthat software-based approaches mustperformdirected schedule search because low overhead coarse-grained logging is not suf.cientforfaithful replay.The uniquefeature of our solution is that we reduce the search spaceby analyzing core-dumps, leveraging theidea of executionindexing.As a result, our techniquehas negligible overhead onproduction runs.


This paper presents the results from our study aimed at systematically identifying and synthesizing the challenges reported to be involved in using OSS in product development.

it is not our intention to present a definitive classification; rather, we intend to present our findings in a structured way that can help practitioners to inform them of challenges in using OSS in product development that have been reported so far, and may therefore arise in their situation.


Overall, we observed that the performance increases as long as there is a on-to-one mapping between the number of threads and the number of CPUs in each Solaris container.

nodes in the network represent individual variables (or hidden state abstractions), while the connection between the nodes represent the relationships between the variables.


In this case retransmissions are allowed, nevertheless, CROsAT T > 0.8 should be ful.lled.

for example, it can simply be the SIP implementation, the whole server or a whole server infrastructureincluding attackdetection andprevention systems, etc.


In S-RVM the VM and the application code execute within separate tasks, each with its own type name space.

each of these classes consumes resources.


Figure 3 shows the modeling process that is done in an interlaced (weaving) way between the structural and behavior parts.

the structural part, for example a class in a class diagram, has also dynamic and static entities (elements).


Similar questions often just di.er in small details of the information of relevance.

all tree roots are nodes of base fragment bf1 for which a path to nodes of base fragment bfn exists, so that the nodes on the path follow the given order.


This is because the query plan trees of complex queries are more complex than those of simple queries, and complex queries spend more time on the operations on the non-leaf nodes of their query plan trees, which mostly access virtual memory.

fFT performs one-dimensional fast Fourier transformation.


Figure 7 shows how vector clocks are updated on a sample trace fragment involving an after-error.The I and A parts of the analysis state play no part in discovery of after-errors, so they are omitted from the .gure for simplicity.


It is because that the modeling can use the same technique such as modeling the individual variation, modeling the learning process and cooperation processes between learning and teaching.

to achieve the second purpose, the assumption is con.rmed.


Speculative multithreading architectures [e.g.,1,7,21,33,34,35] speed up a single program by dividing it into speculatively-parallel threads.

the IR-detector serves the dual-role of updating the IR-predictor and checking for IR-mispredictions.


*/ 27: type = packet read(); /* Server s response, a challenge.

figure 9(b) shows a refactored program with a high library component that is used by the high component.


30003000 25002500 20002000 1500 1500 1000 1000  Figure 6: Response time using video conferencing application Skype to stream CMG video.

despite the progress in the capabilities of mobile devices, there will be a widening gap with the growing Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page.


For this aim, parameters are compared with thresholds representing lower bounds for execution conditions, as well as with the previously known behaviour of the application.

if S is a class, then: (i) if T is a class, then S must either be T or a subclass of T; (ii) if T is an interface, then S must implement T; otherwise, i.e.


implementation level: deals with the compilation of a particular flavor of GIPSY programs into run-time resources useable by the execution engine.

lucid forms a family of languages, and all these languages can be executed in sequential, parallel, or distributed mode, and the two latter modes of execution can be using various technologies for exchanging information between processing units.


Achieving this kind of evolution control is however not easy with the current state of the practice.

a PLE setting involves a group of Application Engineering activities one for each product that run in parallel.


They use JVM TI and Java Management Extensions (JMX) [10], which are Java technologies that supply tools for monitoring Java systems.

section 5 presents an evaluation of the proposed method and Section 6 describes related studies.


The polling technique is suitable in a situation where the server update interval is known to the client so that the client can send periodic requests to the server based on the exact interval of the message delivery.

the yaws server parses the requests and transforms them into Erlang messages that are sent to the publish/subscribe server.


The model in Figure 8 describes the adapt sender adaptation projected onto the sender.

furthermore, Renew supports a synchronous communication mechanism that allows Petri net models to communicate with each other and with other Java applications.


conversion string -> String { prefix "'"; suffix "'"; escape { ['] -> "''"; }} conversion string -> DoubleQuotedString { escape { [ ".lt;"; [.]

but injection attacks occur in manycontexts other than SQL query construction in Java, as Figure1shows.


Software Practice & Experience, 27(9):995 1012, September 1997.

when the generator Gm×n is appropriately chosen, the lost k elements in x can be able to be reconstructed through solving this system of linear equations with k unknowns.


Our matching technique however does not focus on the dynamic residues left over from previous partial evaluation of pointcuts by compilers.

we evaluate the logical relationships that exist between these types (e.g., strict subtype of, strict supertype of, etc) as de.ned in Section 4.1.


Applications that do not scale linearly are allocated processors based on scaling ef.ciency.

iNTRODUCTION Processor frequencies no longer increase at historical rates, and thus architects have focused on placing more processor cores on chiptoincreaseparallelismandthroughput.


Target language The target language of a library expander is not speci.ed by the report.

the import of (Q) for (meta 1) combined with the import of (r6rs) for (meta -1) result ina (meta 0) quote that is inserted in the run code of (R).


Each open type-directed function used introduces a typing con straint into the environment, which for polymorphic functions is captured as part of the function s type.

for example, == does not equate the queues Q [1] [] and Q[][1] even though both of these queues are extensionally equivalent.


In Ptolemy, the events have to be explicitly announced in the target code (a.k.a.

the transcut designates the region of code that begins with creating a StringBuffer followed by at least one StringBuffer.append() method call, followed by at least one String-Buffer.toString() method call, and ends with a Logger.log() method call.4 The pointcuts that form the transcut are traditional AspectJ pointcuts, but their parameters are shared the union of the context parameters for each pointcut forms the shared context parameter list of the transcut.


As described before, one participant asked for a way to customize the controls.

cREWSpace is not the .rst tool that leverages mobile devices for human-computer interaction.


However, the ownership constraints collected have the same form as those collected in a monomorphic type system.

this is inadequate for handling polymorphic containers.


In addition, it tends to induce .xed deltas between the addresses of related objects, making them amenable for prefetching [2, 34].

table 13 gives an overview of the layouts considered.


In this paper, we select an approach that focuses on evaluation of alternatives, which .ts exploring complex and wide domains such as the AAL.

in that work, model-driven development techniques (such as UML) are used to represent the user needs and to specify solutions for AAL.


Since only the handle needs to be updated when an object is relocated, the compaction task is greatly simpli.ed.

second, all of its compaction phases are done in parallel by all available processors, which is another advantage over the existing compaction.


For example, the keyword aspect is mapped to a call to method aspect on the MetaAspectManager delegate, which creates a new instance of Aspect.

most languages do not allow programs written in the language to change the semantics built into the implementations of their compilers, respectively their runtime environments.


9.2 Cost Model and Predictability A cost model for execution is provided to the user by the static guarantee of optimisation by iterate and iterateT, and no optimisation by run; there are no unpredictable automatic analyses and transformations.

they are not result of a compiler analysis and transformation) and are not manual either, but human-driven, with predictable gains thanks to the static guarantees of Ypnos.


The following set of observations is made about the reads (uses) and writes (de.nitions) to array p new: The reads to p new at statement S1 are indexed by cols array entries.

this includes approaches for simultaneous multithreading [14] and chip multiprocessors [36] that employ redundantly executing threads whose results are periodically compared.


The comma between terms A and B (A,B) represents that term B is a subtype of term A.

the physical representation of concepts is irrelevant to the user.


Let GOT O S, Zl = {[] i j1 jm jm+1 jm+2 jn A. X· · · Xm X X· · · Xn ;v 1 m+1 m+2 [] i j1 jm jm+1 jm+2 jn A. X· · · X XX· · · X;u.

as we restrict ourselves to LR(k)grammars, this turns out to not be a problem.


All these architectures support read or write barriers in hardware and primarily focus on improving a system s throughput and interactiveresponse rather than guaranteeingworstcase latencies.

and despite the handle spaceinvariant, ourextendedAGU willexclusively generate addresses in object space.


6.2 The Composite Model of OpenStack and Hyperic We merge the runtime models of OpenStack Compute and Hyperic to a composite model.

10 shows how the action to create a virtual machine is transferred from the composite model to the runtime model of OpenStack and executed on the runtime model.


The inspector-executor based work-item coalescing is applied to ef.ciently handle branches when a work-item coalesced loop is mapped in CGRA.

table 1: Comparison of work-item coalescing methods for a simple example: if (cond) do something A simple work-item coalescing for each work-item, if(cond) do something The ispector-executor based work-item coalescing for each work-item, if(cond) work-item-list.push(work-item) for each work-item in the work-item-list, do something  work-item coalescing requires variable expansions which expands private variables in a shader into arrays in order to concurrently access those variables in loops.


An overview of the selected approaches is given in Table 1 and Table 2 from a user s perspective and from a more technical perspective, respectively.

how to identify inter-scenario relationships could be the most crucial choice for designers of synthesis algorithms.


The approach solves the problem of asynchronous activation by introducing points in the program execution which implicitly activate layers.

this aspect is not peculiar of our example, but is common to many self-adaptive applications.


Thm.3.8shows thatthereisno needtomaintainat run time K nor to storetheowner andimmutabilityparameter of each object.

an immutability parameter is always covariant, whereas an owner parameter is always invariant.


a three-dimensional index with components x, y and z is written (Z:.x:.y:.z) and has type (Z:.Int:.Int:.Int).


As we will see later, the least .xpoint of the transformation TR,M contains the information about all function calls and all results computed during derivations starting from the main calls.

higher-order extensions to Prolog: are they needed?


The requirement management tool was well suitable for tracking the state of the various requirements for the development of a single product.

the development of each product speci.c asset is decoupled from the main release cycle.


We found the throughout of Java application servers degrade ungracefully.

our results showed that garbage collection is the major factor because its overhead increases drastically (as much as 50% of the overall execution time) at the heaviest workload.


Most regression testing techniques and tools would be complementary, rather than alternative to BERT.

1See http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~orso/software.html Copyright is held by the author/owner(s).


Finally, an interaction technique can consist of several smaller building blocks, which can be considered as interaction techniques themselves.

spatial ontology for semantic integration in 3d multimodal interaction framework.


A task Ti s UER under frequency f at time t is Ui(t+ci/f) .

iNTRODUCTION In this paper, we study the problem of bounding energy consumption in dynamic, real-time embedded systems.


[4] S. Marshall, R. Biddle, and J. Noble.

we are more focused on program visualization which is the visualization of actual program code or data structures in either static or dynamic form.


As the results show the .rst two algorithms can outperform each other in different situations.

categories and Subject Descriptors D.3.4 [Programming Languages]: Processors compilers;C.3 [Special-purpose and Application-based Systems]: [real-time and embedded systems] General Terms Algorithms, Performance, Design Keywords subword data, storage assignment, SWOA, SOA 1.


In our case, the ROC curve depicts the change in the ratioofTPtoFPasdi.erent E thresholds are chosen.

since transactions t1 and t7 are truly independent, the false placement of t8 in It1 is a random event that is not likely to occur in a signi.cantly large number of itemsets, and thus safely ignored by the data-mining algorithm using minimum frequency thresholds.


Such topics included knowledge management, simulations of start-up companies, reflection processes, and different kinds of presentations for presenting their experiences.

at the same time, cooperation, communication and patience are almost synonymous with teamwork.


A higher value of C means higher locality.

the location of an object is representedasasensoridenti.cationandthemovinglogforeach object is viewed as a moving stream, which is composed of a series of symbols.


Fourth, the values of computed proportions Prt are checked and compared to the control limits; and if there is any value that falls outside of these control limits, it is taken as a warning signal that a violation in the response time requirement has occurred.

our proposed approach adopts advanced control charts that continuously monitor response time observations, and once the value is obtained it is checked and compared to the built chart limits.


Approach 1: Creation of all possible glue components during domain engineering.

variability management tools include a feature model, which identifies the combinations of features that can be selected, and links to the development artifacts required to support each feature [1, 2].


automated soundness proofs for data.ow analyses and transformations via local rules.


We recommend that you print the file for best legibility.


The remainder of the faults occur in driver open, ioctl, or read/write functions.

the subsequent error-handling code on lines 7-8 does not need to release this resource.


So to let the question make sense, we assume a bound on the space that the program may use simultaneously.

for these initial steps (of the .rst stage) we chose to use a program that is very similar to a program presented by Robson.


Its current value is stored on the server and it can be concurrently accessed and modi.ed by any server-side script that knows its name and type.

an application variable is a variable that is maintained by a server.


2.2.2 Subtyping Unlike for value quali.ers, there is in general no sound sub-or supertype relationship between an arbitrary reference-quali.ed type and its associated unquali.ed type.

in Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, pages 128 139.


Note that the memory copy times show linear increase at smaller Split-Sizes as compared to the kernel execution times.

both the OpenMPC tuning system and the space pruning proposed by Ryoo et al.


The type hierarchy in Java bytecode and Java source Figure 8.

in bytecode, all integer types of less than 4 bytes are represented as int, and the only difference is the range of values they can be used interchangeably.


Further, there was a half hour time limit per real bug and 15 minute time limit per toy bug; failure to .x the bug resulted in a recorded time of the full limit3.

similarly, given we know that a particular buffer has over.owed, we speci.cally target its allocation, rather than blindly changing all allocations.


Then the receiving node constructs a set of resources that it modi.ed in its execution and sends this list to EC in the Permit_Done or Permit_Deny message.

if the child PDP has to re-evaluate its policy, it can simply supply the results of its cached evaluation.


Whereas in living organisms, the transformation of genotype to phenotype is performedby transcribing DNAintointermediateRNA and then translated into amino acids forming proteins, GE resembles this processbyusing anintermediate representation and building rules in a form of a grammar.

mappingisthe only partofGE whichisperformed on GPU by a single thread in a thread block (individual).


In the scheduling algorithm, we divide the access list Lb(op flag) in the history into two parts, SH1 consists of the accesses in the .rst a fraction of the history period, where a is a con.gurable parameter, and SH2 consists of the remaining accesses.

we con.gure QEMU to track dirty blocks at a much .ner granularity of 128KB to keep unnecessary data retransmission down.


These solutions do not fit well for the virtualized desktop environment, which is highly interactive with the users.

clientVisor gives the actual information that reveals the status of the host platform to COS to expose desired power features, although they are still emulated.


Incremental selection is also preferable in large-scale systems since its running time is normally (without manycandidates being vetoed) linear in the size of candidates, whereas aggregate selection approaches exponential running time regardless of how many candidates are vetoed.

the property is then monitored by the broker, and the provider s utilityis penalised (throughthe inclusionofa trustworthiness property) when the service agreement is violated, which is to say, when theprovider snon-functionalpropertydivergesfromtheadvertised value.


this policy attempts to acquire exclusive access to as many cores as possible, with a minimum given by the argument to the policy.


Because gcc and nasm are not capable of producing 16-bit code, students developed their system using the archaic bcc compiler and as86 assembler (from the bin86 toolset).

students did not typically have problems understanding what was required of them, and few students made the mistake of trying to call POSIX functions in their kernel.


Thus, all Java Card language constructs also exist in the Java language.

finally, we propose an implementation for persisting Java Card application state in non-Java Card virtual machines.


This means that the documentation of design pattern instances significantly reduces the effort to perform maintenance operations.

the overall average of the F-measures of all the questions was computed to get a quantitative indication of the result of each subject.


CORBA and EJB interceptors CORBA and Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) also provide the possibility to intercept method invocations as both technologies separate interface from implementation.

hence, the overhead of R1+R2 was compared to R1 (the plain application).


A balanced fraction of refactoring and bug .xes is necessary to support understandability and maintainability of source code, as well as to solve actual or upcoming problems.

in contrast to our work, their approach did not use feature and prediction models and did not come to a uniform conclusion for defect prediction.


The CNLS-EKF algorithm was not invoked for invalid measurements.

allows us to .ne-tune the weight of the CNLS solution.


Our basic goal is to support the comprehension process of complex SOA systems.

[9] present a solution for monitoring servicelevel agreements for web services.


Based on this selection, we then proceed to retrieve the data.ow components with the aid of Soot [2], a Java optimization framework for analyzing and transforming Java bytecode.

components and their respective interfaces.


Dynamic branch prediction with perceptrons.

also, the branch condition of b4 is changed, so it is taken only once when exiting the loop.


We found that the sub ject had visited several neighboring indoor places in a row during his trip.


Providing facilities for rigorous engineering of designs does not do any good unless the users have the appropriate training [10].

furthermore, it is possible to use the information to generate a bill of materials.


even bad program (ill-typed) can execute on the malicious web server.


Composition-based approaches employ advanced programming concepts (such as component frameworks, plug-in architectures, aspect-oriented programming (AOP)) [8, 17, 47, 48] or extend existing programming languages with feature oriented constructs (such as feature-oriented programming (FOP), delta-oriented programming (DOP)) [9,37,44].

somewhat language-independent exceptions exist, such as the Ahead tool suite or FeatureHouse [7, 9].


In order to cluster the class nodes, we first need to define the distance between nodes.

leveraging this information, which implies the difference of importance among classes, into the class diagram layout algorithms may greatly help engineers understand the existing systems.


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors thank the Ministerio de Educaci´on y Ciencia for its support under the projectTIN2008-06681-C06-05, Fundaci´o Cr`edit Andorr`a, and Govern d Andorra.

we observe that the method could obtain a Pareto front with a large number of solutions when thefractionofpoints on the classboundary was maximized while the ratio of average intra/inter nearest neighbor distances was minimized.


To reduce manual efforts of language migration [10], researchers proposed various approaches [4, 8, 15, 16, 18] to automate the process.

the mapping .les of Java2CSharp do not cover any classes of java.awt, so the migrated project has many compilation errors.


Both aspects have necessitated thinking about the technology and the role of the user, often in conjunction with one another.

the project currently assumes the desirability of some control by authors, though this may change.


A kernel component could get the information by scanning BIOS memory areas, and a user program could probably do the same by accessing kernel memory from, say, /proc/kmem on Linux.

automating network application dependency discovery: Experiences, limitations, and new solutions.


There is, consequently, a heavy challenge to implement agile methodologies which deal with such conflicts in order to prioritize the features of the system.

steps for execution of the improved BREW model Now, this methodology basically proposes an execu tion of two different ways into two time-boxes: the Re lease Planning Meeting and the Sprint Planning Meeting.


For instance, for the Put the phone to ear action in the Motion Commands task, we do not want workers to place the phone to their ear and then bring it down to con-firm the answer.

the produced recognizer detected over 99% of sitting events.


The format of input interface and output interface must be consistent and the output interface of one module can be used as the input interface of another module.

with the growing demand for information, systems became increasingly unsuited to this need and this situation was known as Information sequelae .


Documents and diagrams that are cryptic, misleading, or vague will not serve their communication purpose.

in extracting these from the underlying theory, we must be careful not to lose its spirit along the way.


In addition, mixin composition is restricted to cclass modules.

mixin composition in CaesarJ cannot be used on the fly : a specific declaration of a cclass extending the pertinent modules is required for each different combination.


SIMULATION RESULTS We have obtained the closed-form expressions of .nish time for a given sensing task and energy use for individual sensor nodes.

in real sensor networks, before transmitted to other nodes, data are usually processed locally in order to conserve the transmission energy, i.e., data fusion or in-network aggregation.


Performance improvement by code specialization for three different N (max.

as more so- phisticated and time-consuming optimizations are added for pur- suing higher performance, more of the negative side of the dy- namic compilation (that is, the compilation overhead and code size growth problems) starts to appear.


Visual inspection of the classi.cation models con.rmed that the calling functions at level d become the key indicators of failures.

within each part, the classes were represented in approximately the same proportions as in the original data set.


Multistage programming: its theory and applications.

prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA, 1993.


When the search reaches the array, scan right until .nding the appropriate array slot.

the probability of promoting a given key to height h is 2-(ah-1)/(a-1).


2.3 Tutorials Participants take the raw materials from a real digital story that they have already seen and use Adobe Photoshop and video editing software to create a rough edit of the film.

the workshop unfolds gradually with longer than normal introductions of workshop participants and facilitators.


It also provides a great variety of live TV channelsfromdifferent countries.

table 6: TVUPlayer Impact of Reduced Streaming Data TransmissioninP2PStreaming Quality EncodingRate Total# of SleepTime (Kbps) Packets (%) High 281 502987 40.6 Low 156 220524 71.6 Figure 10(a)shows adifferent resultfrom thatinFig-ure9(a).With alowerstreamingquality,thepercentageof control packets(thesewith small sizesof300bytesorless)is reducedby more than15%.


Developers are asked to refactor code whenever they feel it is necessary to adapt the design to new requirements or to improve maintainability.

there are three types of coverage numbers: (1) the minimum (x = min), i.e.


Theclustersattheleaflevel correspond to visual words or visterms.

storing abyteisthreeordersof magnitude cheaper than transmitting a byte, thereby validating our extensive use of local storage.


The library is signi.cant because it successfully abstracts quite different implementations using only features present in Java and Aspect/J.

if the relationship is spread across the City objects, these will be loaded in their entirety into the cache.


Further, we see the transition point (from the bandwidthincreasing state to the bandwidth-stable state) appears earlier on Xeon than on Xeon Phi.

iCPE 14, March 22 26, 2014, Dublin, Ireland.


It .nds that a deadlock occurs when the token from pid is lost in the channel between client and server, represented by the point where the topmost .ow crosses the partition border.

no matter how sophisticated this middleware layer is, failure-free communication cannot be guaranteed (since somebody can still unplug the ethernet cable), and at some point the application has to be involved, as described by the end-to-end arguments of Saltzer et al.


Arrival (T2) Deadline-Checking (T2)  Arrival (T1) Deadline-Checking (T1) Figure 2: Petri net model 5.3 Tasks Modeling Figure 2 shows (in dashed boxes) the three main building blocks for modeling a real-time task.

when changing from one state to another state, it is suf.cient to analyze the class with highest choice-priority and pruning the other ones.


These artefacts are treated modularly in order to cope with complexity.

more interestingly, this comparison will usually surprise the practitioner with evidence that either her artefact does not comply with her mental model or that her mental model was not sound.


2.1 Detection of Interaction between Optimizations In this section, we give the de.nition of interaction between compiler optimizations and we describe the procedure to construct subsets of optimizations that positively interact.

our methodology can be useful to determine a compiler setting for an arbitrary architecture, or for an arbitrary set of applications.


A Haskell equivalent is: f1 (A1, C ) seq f2 (B1, C ) f1 (A2, C ) seq f2 (B2, C ) f1 (A3, C ) seq f2 (B3, C ) Figure 5: The abstract syntax tree after a foldl with the same structure as the foldr example has been expanded with concrete arguments A = [A1 , A2, A3] and B = [B1 , B2, B3].

there is currently no construct for partitioning and sorting data from one distributed data structure into another, as occurs in the phase between the map and the reduce step in Map-Reduce, as such it is not possible to implement sorting in Martlet.


The traditional model of a stub resolver at a client host talking to a local recursive DNS server, which interacts with the rest of the DS infrastructure, no longer applies to vast numbers of clients.

while these LDNSs exhibit distinct demand aggregation, their clusters are if anything less active than other clusters.


DESIGN PROCESS FOR APPLICATIONS IN LIMITED ENVIRONMENT This paragraph presents the various steps of the design process we propose.

we use a supervision platform distributed on each device allowing having a complete and global knowledge of the application.


[WDDB06] Shuhong Wang, Xuhua Ding, Robert H. Deng, and Feng Bao.

the user must trust the content provider to keep his request safe and to be protected against attacks.


in this paper, we argue that two related, but distinct, concepts are too often conflated by both researchers and practitioners: work motivation and job satisfaction.


Fast MPJ (F-MPJ) [30] is our scalable Java messagepassing implementation which provides high-speed networks support (see Section 3).

section 3 describes current research e.orts in this area, with special emphasis on providing scalable communication middleware for HPC.


Contrary to that suggested in the previous section, the Add Parameter and Remove Parameter refactorings had no obvious connection with any of the refactorings from Table 2.

these values contrast strongly with the median in-degree of one and out-degree of one for the remaining sixty-nine refactorings.


public void execute1( EObject source, EObject target ) { 1.

a postcondition for an output constraint is the condition under which the transform code writes to an access path that is rooted in the target.


In The International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP 05).

since letbound values in the environment always have a generalized type, the only free type variables in the environment are introduced by lambda-bound parameter types.


For all experiments, each node is initialized with a link tuple for each of its neighbors.

each tuple vertex in the graph is either a base tuple or a computation result, and each rule execution vertex represents an instance of a rule execution given a set of input tuples.


settings to consider related trade-o.s and be able to switch among them .exibly during debugging.

our reversible debugger o.ers a grand total of four types of trade-o.


chunks that start or end with punctuations have higher scores.


Combined with a checking system such as we propose, we believe that restrict is not only bene.cial for tools like CQUAL, but also for the programmer when writing their program.

thus after the call to spin lock(l)the static information about .


[10] G. Holzmann, The Spin Model Checker: Primer and Refrence Manual, Addison-Wesley, 2003.

some of them may be removed by domain knowledge.


The smaller constraint set results in a large feasible solution region which in turn gives a smaller objective function value.

in [18], a simpli.ed approach is proposed, which, however, often produces suf.cient conditions that are even more pessimistic than the existing ones in [2, 16].


Final selection for a target environment, therefore, becomes a dif.cult tradeoff between security and cost, and should be left to the discretion of the user.

a miscon.guration in on-premise data centers may not be a big problem because the whole data center is restricted by its own .rewall, but in the Cloud one vulnerable VM can propagate the vulnerability to other machines because machines often have both public and private interfaces by default.


INTRODUCTION Algorithm (and data structure) visualizations (AVs) are widely viewed as having the potential for improving computer science education.

explicit registration at a community site is not absolutely necessary to its goals.


Addison-Wesley, Boston, MA, third edition, 2000.

a thief in Cilk-M that .nishes executing a series of functions that used a deep stack can map a shorter stolen stack pre.x with a single system call.


Hyper-Q allows multiple CPU threads or processes to launch work simultaneously on a single GPU.

though this approach was feasible, it had high detrimental e.ect on the performance.


Service Bus (DSB) technology to meet the largescale challenge, (iii) further support for choreography deployment and execution, (iv) leveraging and evolving serviceoriented middleware technology for pervasive networks to face the challenges of the Internet of Things, (v) and implementing a serviceoriented middleware for largescale decentralized choreographies based on the integration of the existing servicebased technologies.

at the same time that web services orchestrations grew larger and more complex, they became a new source of concern.


In Part-A we validate our model by using the same parameters con.guration used in [26].

4.1 Part-A We start validating our analytical model by considering the sameparameters setting(reportedinTable1) thathas 0.9 0.8 0.7 Avg.


Di.erences between di.erent executions of the same program based on execution data.

choices must be recognized before they can be implemented and implemented before they can be resolved.


Due to our library-based design, a programmer can easily activate and compose language extensions by simply importing the corresponding language libraries; Copyright is held by the author/owner(s).

provide domain-speci.c IDE support such as code completion.


v) It may be surprising that the type of the effect is actually a type constructor of kind * .

the previously developed libraries of open unions [18, 32] have linear-time projections and injections.


X. Meng and H. Zhang, An e.cient fault-tolerant scheme for mobile agent execution, Proceedings of 1st International Symposium on Systems and Control in Aerospace and Astronautics.

our classi.cation involves fault tolerance, failure forecasting, and fault avoidance e.orts for structural design and software reusability.


This device was chosen since it is simple enough to explain in the limited space available, yet represents a real device allowing us to show what Termite speci.cations for real hardware look like.

the device manufacturer is in the best position to produce device speci.cations.


3.1 Underlying Concept A traceability model should capture how design decisions transform requirements into architecture, from system level quality attribute requirements into the detailed architecture description, to represent the rationale behind the architectural elements [12].

iNTRODUCTION Tracing between architecture and requirements, especially the quality attribute requirements, are crucial for maintenance and evolution of the software.


FW performs the Floyd-Warshall algorithm.

as illustrated in Figure 1, all functions achieved speedup relative to their single-threaded versions.


FRAMEWORK PRODUCT LINES The Software Product Lines concept is related to software applications that share a set of common and variable features within a particular domain [8].

the expected benefits regard quality attributes like design, maintainability and reusability.


These threats are mitigated by the fact that we are equally skilled with both techniques, as we used delta debugging extensively in previous work [7].

6.4 Study 1: Effectiveness for Debugging The goal of our .rst empirical study is to investigate whether the information provided by penumbra is e.ective in assisting developers when debugging real failures.


Currently, the onlypermitted variable types areintegers(which can alsobe used to store pointers) and a small number of abstract data types: queues, sets, and stacks.

dPSM cannot be applied directly to legacy systems that have been developed without a rigorous model of driver behaviour in mind.


First, we intend to integrate our Eclipse plug-in with one provided by Andreas Zeller that performs Delta Debugging [37].

the circumstances of the experiment must be carefully considered before applying the results to a new situation.


Control .ow is translated into the simplest case (lines 8, 13), because the purpose of the veri.cation is not to verify program code but to check for inconsistency in architecture descriptions.

in the generated code, components and connections are represented as a set of aspects and classes.


Since many requirements on the system level are not implementation dependent and systems within a system family frequently share requirements, the reuse of tests for multiple systems would be preferable to rewriting the tests.

we use a transformation approach based on templates [8] to include both details about the SUT and the testing harness.


For the purpose of the scheme, we de.ne the level of a fragment, for each phase, as a value in {0,1}, as follows.

they proved that randomization does not help for locally checkable problem (LCL)1 : if there is a local randomized algorithm in O(t) rounds and bounded error probability, then there is a deterministic one in O(t) rounds as well.


This shows that the ma jor refactoring required is tiling the loop that iterates over the list of possible moves of chess pieces for a given board position.

to improve the temporal data locality, a refactoring of the IEC is required.


The driver for selecting which aspects to weave is an Orchestrator which selects a group of con.guration concerns, such as the client2appnetworklink concern from Section 4.4, and generates a set of instructions fed to the weaver, so that the weaver .rst instantiates a product con.guration and then weaves in the concerns.4 A Constraint Solver checks if the resulting con.guration satis.es the user preferences.

we illustrate this with the security concern: aspect Security [ advice[;viewpoint(Citizen);req(UseCase*)] : introduce [ ;req(accesscontrol) [ Only a citizen may execute these functionalities. ]


[9] L. Bettini, F. Damiani, I. Schaefer, and F. Strocco.

the .rst delta module that is applied can only contain additions.


For the base case j = 1, we have that x = x' and X t qo ~ dvxA EXE[-~def(v) U (uv, A EFfinal)].

a subset S t of S is a hitting set with I Stl _< k for the collection of C~ if and only ifH = {qoqs I s e S t} is a witness-set with [H I _< k. 0 Second we consider the Minimal Length Test Generation (MNTG) problem defined by: given M and F, generate a minimal witness-set 17 in the total length of witnesses in 17.


[12] Tetsuo Kamina, Tomoyuki Aotani, and Hidehiko Masuhara.

for example, by taking an example of pedestrian navigation system that changes its behavior with respect to situations such as outdoors and indoors, we can activate the layer Outdoors (that de.nes behavioral variations that are executable only when that system is in outdoors) by using the following with-block: with (Outdoors) { .. } By explicitly specifying the block-structured scope of activation, with-blocks make it easy to reason about some desirable properties (e.g., there are no unintentional collisions between layers).


If these tasks represented a real-life situation, tasks that were being completed when a level 3 obstacle was encountered would have to be fixed by re-editing the document or changing an application configuration setting.

in order to insure that the participants' completion of the assigned tasks was scored consistently throughout the study, outside reviewers were recruited to test the inter-rater reliability of the scoring procedure.


We can derive a parameterized system of theorems DTk for different .nite values of k: Fk nH = {}.DISTINCT({u}.Fk) (DTk) We have found that the case for k =1 to be useful in proving properties of many linked list programs (e.g.

most of the work on separation logic focused on proving programs manually [33, 34].


Our partition aggregation algorithm corrects such isolated locality disruptions.

if two regions are adjacent on the game map and are hosted on the same server, their corresponding vertices are connected by an edge e. a contiguous region cluster hosted on a server forms a strongly connected component in the graph representing that server s partition.


As the tile size B is increased, the cost of function computation for f1,f2 decreases by a factor of B2, due to the reuse enabled.

for example, with O = 100 and V = 5000, the size of T 1, T 2 is O(1014) bytes and the size of X, Y is O(1015) bytes.


(Bit-vector encoding, presented in Section 4, is an example of a uniform encoding which is non-constant time.)

for a type bEcaT, let radenote its ordinal (i.e., an integer in the range t ,b,b,b{ f) in a postorder traversal of T. A basic property of postorder traversal is that a r=omaa/x {/rt/erhnbb (4) Let aabe de.ned by a a=ommibn {/rtteah-bb (5) Combining (4), (5) with the fact that in postorder traversal the descendants of any type are assigned consecutively, we .nd that eahnb iff pp aa r rab (6) in relative numbering, each type eis encoded by an interval radrt]as exempli.ed by Figure 2.


F , then M accepts .. Alternatively, regardless of whether q0 .

at runtime, arguments treated linearly are never should be no such restrictions on its use, as we can indeed write functions from Nat to Nat which use their arguments more than once or ignore them altogether.


when the debugger receives a matching opStart notification.

selecting a message in any one of the lists displays its content in a tree view similar to the ones found in traditional sequential debuggers (Figure 7).


ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS), 23(1):51 76, 2005.

he can try to forge a plausible explanation for the symptoms Alice has observed, or he can try to make it appear as if the symptoms were caused by a di.erent node.


3.3 Policy Compiler ThepoliyompilertakesanSPDLspeifation(asdesribedinSetion3.2)andompilesitforexeutiononthe SeurityGateway.Validationrulesandonstraintsarealso ompiledintoJavaSriptreadytobeembeddedintoforms andexeutedonlients.


Manning Publications Co. WA L L S, C. A N D BR E I D E N B AC H , R. 2007.


Simple uni.cation-based type inference for gadts.

the use of references breaks referential transparency and signi.cantly complicates reasoning [25].


Time-then-fraction is better for exactly this reason; it never terminates queries unless a minimal fraction of responders are done.

10 (a) plots the progress of example queries from the web-search stage.


Considering the hundreds or even thousands of clone groups typically detected for industrial size systems [1], this is prohibitively expensive.

this, however, could confuse a developer as it includes overlapping clones which are often not meaningful to a developer.


An instance of this class is generally created only to be passed as an argument to a method that performs some operations and eventually call the worker object method.


[20]Finkelstein, A., Kramer, J., Nuseibeh, B., Finkelstein, L., Goedicke, M., Viewpoints: a framework for integrating multiple perspectives in system development.

these are costly to perform in terms of time and placing observers on-site.


authenticated(admin ) (8) Both predicates can be combined to a single implication, which results in the following AutoFocus/SMV formula: implies(is Msg(MenuService.menu2config ), (MenuService.userMode == adminMode && (9) StartService.userMode == adminMode)) That means, every time a message is sent on the channel menu2config, both the StartService and the MenuService have to be in the adminMode at the same time.

in a model where the described pattern has been applied, veri.cation of the authorization predicate (2) can be simpli.ed by splitting it into two properties: one predicate stating that service s acts correctly based on the information for access control that is locally available, and one predicate stating that the information for access control is synchronized correctly.


First, di.erent sets of edges can be labeled as frond edges depending on the di.erent starting node.


5.1.2 Enablement Requirement These requirements express a capability that the proposed system must provide, but do not specify what/who will provide this capability.

requiring analysts, who are more business savvy than trained in formal modelling, to write requirements in an artificial formalism has proven unfeasibly burdensome for most real-world development processes.


[10] R. Isaacs, P. Barham, J. Bulpin, R. Mortier, and D. Narayanan.

possible parameters of C are determined by the execution model of the underlying operating system.


Although this move solved the immediate problem of supporting the variation among the old and new products, it proved to be a less than ideal way to manage the commonality.

oOPSLA 06 October 22 26, 2006, Portland, Oregon, USA.


When applied to the version history of a given AD, addi.


VALIDITY THREATS Four types for validity have been considered in this study; construct, internal, external, and reliability.

this would have required more intrusive investigations and would limit the access to the organizations.


Then, in Section 3, we recall some basic de.nitions and properties of alternation.Several typicalproblemstogether with succinctalternating algorithms aredescribedinSection4.InSection5, we showforthe variousproblemshow apossible solution canbe computed in case of a yes answer.Alter-Javainconjunctionwith somecodeexamplesispresentedinSection6.We reportontheimplementation and optimization of our Alter-Java framework and on .rst experimental results with thisframework inSections7 and 8, respectively.

for the Cat and Mouse game, the number of possible game con.gurations explored along each path cannot exceed n 2 , where n is the number ofverticesin thegraph.For theoretical considerations,the countertechniqueis very usefulinthatitguarantees certain upperbounds on thelength of computationpaths.forpracticalcomputation, they arefarfrom optimal.First, counters do not exclude cycles completely; theyjustguarantee a certain upper bound on the the worst-case effect of cycles.


We formalize our approach by designing a minimal yet fully functional transformation language, Core QVT-Operational-Modular, short cQVTom, that is based on the conceptual core of QVT-Operational (QVTo) and that embraces an interface for rigorous speci.cation of both control and data dependencies.

filter(typeof(Activity)).head activity2Process(activity) doLateResolution  } } (a) First module @TransformationInterface @ModelIn(#["activitymodel.StartAction", "activityModel.StopAction"]) @ModelOut(#["processModel.Step"]) interface IAction2StepModule { def Step mapAction2Step(Action self) } @TransformationModule class Action2Step implements IAction2Step { @Creates(typeof(Step)) override Step mapAction2Step(Action self) { result.name = self.name self.succ.lateResolveOne [ result.next = it ] result.isStart = self instanceof StartAction result.isStop = self instanceof StopAction } } (b) Second module Figure 7: Activity2Process example in Xtend2m Interfaces must be indicated with @TransformationInterface, and classes with @TransformationModule.


This sort of complexity is inherent in software system design; it characterizes even the creation of small-scale software systems by individuals, such as in programming assignments to be solved by students, personal programming projects, etc, and many empirical studies of programming practice have pointed to aspects of the problemsolving process [e.g., 11].


There is always the risk of damaging profitability through unintended consequences, and little downside in inhibiting innovation with the use of the resource by those outside the company, who naturally have different interests than profit maximization.

[11] Fry, J., Schroeder, R. and den Besten, M. 2008.


(The number and length of execution paths grow so rapidly in the Traveling Salesman benchmark, a branchand-bound search with a trivial bounding procedure, that exhaustive test generation was not feasible even for a complete graph with N =5 vertices.

further, we show that, under certain conditions, this procedure is sound for complexity analysis i.e.


In the latter case, care must be taken to handle both sides of the relationship, or else you will have stale data in your object cache as well as orphans in the database (unless you add an integrity constraint).

this is an example of the Single Responsibility Principle [2].


Finally, for the partition that holds the other references and which is managed by the LRU replacement scheme, the expected number of buffer hits per unit time and the expected marginal gain value can be calculated from the buffer hit ratio using ghost buffers [11, 10] and/or the Belady s lifetime function [14].

in the next section, we review related work.


The deployment of RFID means that pervasive computing environments become more common, RFID tags are becoming part of our daily life.

[17, 18], is one of the schemes which uses oneway hash functions to achieve unlinkability against adversaries.


However, one of the largest Internet providers in Japan has about 10000 video content titles [12].

video caching network for on-demand video streaming.


On the other hand, online players usually do not know each other, and they are often scattered across di.erent physical locations.

by compromising a password, a cheater can have access to the data and authorization that the victim has in the game system.


One simple strategy is to fall back to a representation of argument lists as list of tagged unions at least internally.5 Danvy s approach is to make use of continuation-passing style in the implementation of the interface.

1.2 Contributions This paper makes the following contributions:  Our design enables a concise implementation, and as a consequence provides new justi.cation for fully supporting variadic functions in a foreign-function mechanism.


Wolpert and Macready introduce the No Free Lunch theorem and prove that there is no single best algorithm for every problem [14].

for variation operators we use 3 mutation operators and 3 crossover operators (we chose the operators that are among the most common ones in use today).


Turkle and Papert [18] regard concrete approaches not only as a matter of age, but as a matter of personal learning style: Planners , as the personification of one extreme, proceed in a very structured manner.

such concrete experiences can also involve the own body and then lead to body or ego syntonicity [10], and thus become especially meaningful for the learner.


INTRODUCTION As more and more health care information systems are introduced into hospital, lab, and clinical settings, the need for data interchange becomes apparent.

in many cases, an organization must be fluent in several standards, each of which is based on a unique data model and encoding.


Figure 1 shows the scenario of applying JSBAF for a JavaScript application.

refer to the REF client based on a blended version of our new points-to analysis.


timevalue :: Component timevalue = do time <- timeTick 1 mkLabel [textB (lift1 show time)] textB ::Has_text w=>Behavior String->Conf w timeTick :: Time -> GUI (Behavior Time) lift1 :: (a -> b) ->Behavior a->Behavior b The function timeTick creates a behavior that represents the time, and changes at a given frequency.

a Component represents an action that produces a widget.


Ranking is critical in complex queries with large lineages, and in the case of error tracing it serves as a comparison metric of the likelihood of the various error sources.


Therefore, we propose the usage of the behavioral part of fUML for de.ning the operational semantics of a DSML.

unfortunately, this bene.t is usually not provided when weaving the behavior into the abstract syntax of a DSML in terms of an action language, such as fUML, because developers may not escape the borders of the action languages virtual machines.


It then generates a new input that drives P I to execute closer to the change.

recently some test generation methods [16,19] for evolving programs have been proposed, which are based on DART.


These schemes are typical examples of making compromises between the read latency and the write performance.

1 /* Inherit or set the invalidate .ag */ 9: if LPNP can be found in the UMT then P ' 10: .


Moreparticularly, overwriting y at 71 does not change the node y in u s graph.

the techniqueis very effectiveindebugging asit excludes redundantinformation and is able to illustrate causality with much shorter chains than traditional code-centric dynamic slicing.


Our techniques do not rely on changing the underlying architecture on which a program is executed and are not language dependent.

these techniques do not at all address the possible reuse of nearly identical code fragments or code fragments that are identical only at the assembly level, but not at the source level.


While battery capacity is still a problem we can hope that the manufacturers will be able to develop improved batteries, with more capacity and perhaps also high speed charging options.

in this case, efficiency has been defined as giving users support for their daily activities and providing helpful information as an early response to their needs.


Such a transition, however, would require multiple divergent stakeholders of enterprise computing to come to a consensus.

fUTURE WORK AND CONCLUSIONS The applicability of PBSE is not limited to Java programs only.


The function slice is the implementation of Slice de.ned in Section 3.4.

all electronic actions stay synchronous during the performance.


Dynamic classes fully interoperate with compiled classes.

many operations, such as variable and method declaration and use, are accomplished by drag-and-drop.


In many systems, including e-commerce applications such as B2Bi and SCM, complex business processes have some similarities.

these patterns have been reused in many projects and improved gradually.


we have experiment for getting the agent services to transfer video/audio between two mobile devices.


Type providers, as originally implemented in F# [21], allow external data sources to be used to import external information to be used during compilation.

dependently-typed languages provide great promise for the construction of secure and correct programs.


All compilers that we examined, including a number of production-quality compilers for embedded systems, produce incorrect object code for at least one input.

the .rst step compilation is generally straightforward, though we found that some of the programs generated by randprog would cause one or more of the C compilers in our study to crash.


Second, we must ensure that the lvalues denoting the assignment s source and target group match after the assignment.

as shown in Figure 11, we observed that the over head incurred by our system did not increase signi.cantly as the number of threads ranged from two to eight while the workload was held constant.


In this paper we consider unbounded fan-in circuits with arbitrary gates.

the lower bounds hold for any .,d > 0, for circuits with arbitrary gates, and computing arbitrary (possibly nonlinear) (., d)-good codes.


As soon as all the mutators are suspended, the VM thread initialises the queue of GC tasks.

thanks to improved memory locality, the effect of decreasing memory access latency, is marginal.


So far we have not discussed in detail how Scenario objects are notified when a particular message is passed.

a state machine must be built so that additional behavior can occur during transitions between states but it should not interfere with the development of the nonstate based concerns.


changes that are too big and deal with too many issues at once may overload the cognitive capabilities of the programmers.


In addition, the CRS architecture has the flexibility to allow additional business-specific components to be plugged in to further format and process the database results.

once the user is presented with the query form and submits it, the second HttpServletRequest includes information that will be used to create a generic query on the database.


In practice, they can only be used for offline debugging and optimizations, limiting their capabilities compared to online methods.

with the reclamation, the occupied bit space is proportional to the number of live hashed objects.


The LifeMap dataset contains location data from di.erent sensors with a high sampling rate.

the availability of so much user generated content on the Internet has also raised questions related to user privacy and security.


The number was reduced to about 6.5M when we respect boundaries.

considering certain code speci.c properties may help the input generator to generate inputs more effectively and help reduce invalid code executions in the following code clustering step.


our motivation is to make MBT scalable in situations where executing test cases satisfying a coverage criterion (e.g., all transitions) is too expensive, such as when there is hardware in the loop, interacting external systems, or test case executions are lengthy.


Recent advances in the Google MapReduce and Hadoop frameworks have led to simpli.ed programming models for a restricted class of distributed batchprocessing applications.

if the CnC graph contains a non-reduction step that reads from an accumulator collection then that step can perform gets on the collection as described in Section 2.1.


They attempt to hide the sensitive data by randomly modifying the data values using additive noise.

this paper illustrates some of the challenges that these techniques face in preserving the data privacy.


In the ideal scenario, all modeling constructs are introspective in the sense that they provide access to the information enumerated in section 3.

component-based architectures [13] consist of components which are objects with a re.ected interface, components containers used in component assembly, and scripting used by non-programmers to wire together components.


If Gx is the bottommost activity in p s ready deque, this implicitly means that G0 was the last descendant with a dependence edge to Gx s next instruction.

another point to note is that the activities in SAB upon getting enabled are inserted between F and W in the deque and are added to the set W. Let us now see the progress at node n from this instant onwards.


In other word, extracting only |for| block as a code clone is more preferable from refactoring viewpoint in this The above characterizing makes it possible to determine how each clone can be removed.

aries tells the user which code clones can be removed and how to remove them.


In our approach we use the algorithm introduced by [24] to reduce the time for exacting functional dependencies by replacing database instances with a more compact representation that is, the form instances.

4.3 Construction of the hierarchical structure of forms In order to have a precise view of the hierarchical relationships of a form and to clearly understand its meaning and facilitate the interpretation and the extraction of the domain semantics, the form XML schema is transformed into a form hierarchical structure without loss of information.


The most recent schemes have focused on exploiting social network information.

this heterogeneity is leveraged by SybilControl for improved Sybil protection.


The exponentially increasing ring radii improves the querying performance.

meanwhile, our proposal does not rely on the static landmark so it has strong scalability and high robustness.


As future work we intend to perform case studies in order to evaluate the accuracy of the decision models in terms of recommendation for the most suitable methods.

we performed two surveys2, and the main di.erence among them is the context where the method is applied.


Note that j avac, which spends over 50% of its garbage collec- DeTreville's work on garbage collectors for Modula-2+ on the tion time searching for cyclic garbage to collect, actually collects DEC Firefly workstation [12] is the only comparative evaluation less than 4,000 cycles.

our algorithm performs each phase in its entirety for all of the roots, and is therefore linear in the size of the object graph-O(N+ E) -since the mark, scan, and collect phases each traverse at worst each object and each pointer.


In Tests 2 and 3, the clients of Group 1 put at twice and three times their fair rate, respectively.

we illustrate this point with the example in Figure 3, which plots committed disk space versus time.


Henceour tracematch properties are almost always violated intraprocedurally; our test data only contains one interprocedural violation.

the evaluationfollowsinSection5,followedby adiscussion of related work and conclusions.


By providing visual feedback as to which cells have been tested, this methodology is intended to promote thorough testing under the assumption that users will, when prompted, be able to look at a cell and determine if it contains a correctly computed value or not.

the eval b uation is formalized by a judgment b1.


Early Aspects at ICSE 2008: Workshop on Aspect-Oriented Requirements Engineering and Architecture Design  Mónica Pinto Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain pinto@lcc.uma.es Paul Clements Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA clements@sei.cmu.edu  Ruzanna Chitchyan, Awais Rashid Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom rouza@comp.lancs.ac.uk marash@comp.lancs.ac.uk Elisa Baniassad Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China elisa@cse.cuhk.edu.hk  Ana Moreira, João Araújo Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal amm@di.fct.unl.pt ja@di.fct.unl.pt Bedir Tekinerdogan University of Twente, Enchede, The Netherlands bedir@cs.utwente.nl ABSTRACT The Early Aspects @ ICSE 08 is the 13th edition of the workshop on Early Aspects [1].

we hope to identify existing unsolved problems and their potential solutions, while still contributing to the maturity of Early Aspects as a discipline.


The only way to solve such predicates is by assumption.

future Work Beyond registers In this paper we focused on data whose representation .ts in the registers of a machine.


Adequacy criteria proposed prior to that work could not achieve 100% coverage (because of infeasible paths, for example).

nevertheless, coverage assessment based on traditional coverage would require those entities to be covered and could provide inaccurate coverage ratio.


It would be nice if creating RUMs and model checking them could be performed with the same tool, but unfortunately we have not found a tool that facilitates both.

towards power reduction through improved software design.


The EC sends Serialize _Permit messages for con.icts in the Global-Permit case and/or Serialize _Deny messages for con.ict in Global-Deny (.ow 4.2.1) to the nodes in the graph that don t have any incoming edges (i.e., to nodes that execute in parallel) as detailed in algorithm 3 for the permit case (and similarly for the deny case).

these .ags can have a value of true or false (i.e., both cannot be true for the same request).


Since the precondition is specified formally, ESC/Java is able to check that it is satisfied by all call sites.

it is possible to simulate some aspects of safety critical software engineering in an introductory software engineering course.


We create a variable xp for each package p in the distribution.

their Linux distribution is therefore popular in many environments where bandwidth is at a premium (and even charged for per-byte).


Unlike PDAs, the restrictions on VPAs allow them to retain closure under complementation and intersection, and thus language containment is decidable.


In Proceedings of the SIGPLAN 93 Conference on Program Language Design and Implementation, June 1993.

the algorithm enhances data locality and minimizes communication.


The second technique consists in maintaining and merging trees based on a parenthood relation, and verifying the absence of cycles in the 1-factor induced by this parenthood relation.

third, no synchrony assumption besides weak fairness is assumed (a node that is continuously enabled for execution is eventually scheduled for execution).


(3) Note that N is a unique name of T and literally shows semantics of T .

the issue of eliciting access control requirements related to provenance and of elaborating them as provenance-aware access control policies (ACPs) has received much less attention.


we extend checking of interface types to the level of packages.


Work with the original graph G instead of copies.

our scheme produces agreedy-k-colorablegraph and wasdesignedto enable a conservative coalescingpost-pass.


->[snd x[fst]] -> sum](A) * proving to extend safety to full functional correctness.

our goal is to simplify their development.


1.2 Structure of the text The rest of the paper is organized as follows.

spring is closely coupled with J2EE platform and, hence, its con.guration possibilities are restricted to J2EE.


The station which is allocated the time from AP can transmit frames only during this time, referred as TXOP (Transmission Opportunity).

this increases the overall transmission e.ectiveness and the number of stations supporting HCCA service.


Namely, the proposed framework executes on a specific technological Platform, which must be in place on all stations on which the targeted application can be instantiated.

each Instance Manager associated to a type finds or creates Instance Managers that are associated to the connected types, according to the architectural model.


Middleware 2011 Industry Track, December 12th, 2011, Lisbon, Portugal.

a GRM and a LRM modules are deployed on a BeagleBoard with 700 MHz ARM Cortex-A8 CPU, 256 MB of RAM and a standard 10.10 Ubuntu distribution.


Certain answersandcanonical universalsolution The main dif.culty in answering a query Q against the target schema is that there could be many possible solutions for a given source.

the key ideaof[11]istousetreepatternstode.neinformationcontainedindocuments, and to use them to represent compactly the certain knowledge from the collection {Q(T ' )) | T ' is a solution for T}.


Examples of features in time series data that could be useful include two categories: (1) statistical features such as mean, variance, or values of various coe.cients resulting from transformations of the time series (spectral, auto-correlation, wavelet transformations), and (2) structural features [26], such as a pattern, categorical variance to name some examples.

this characteristic is necessary for any scalable performance analysis technique processing monitored data across HPC systems with thousands of processors.


This indicates the e.ectiveness of Random Stealing under this condition, no matter what topology is considered.

latency values ranging from 0.1 ms to 10 ms were selected to demonstrate the effect they have on algorithm.


Even two threads are enough to perform a recursive execution without any livelock.

join points are syntactically specified by means of pointcuts.


Register Organization for Media Processing.

since this 4The process of selecting the set of time-critical inner loop bodies to be optimized for any given application is beyond the scope of this paper a good set of criteria can be found in [11].


Figure 10 reports the correlation values among the metrics 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 p Figure 10: Correlations among four SNA metrics in random graphs Size and Ties, Brokerage, e.Size, for random networks with di.erent parameters p. We built 30 random networks, with 100 nodes, for each value of parameter p, which represents the probability that a couple of nodes is connected by one edge, for di.erent values of p among zero and one.

our analysis is thus a static analysis, and we do not consider run-time dependencies.


Maybe a Parallel element composition emit :: a .

as soon as at least one of these events occurred, the reactive interpreter responds by returning the occurred event(s).


Currently, many automated techniques for determining scratch pad configurations rely on compile-time analysis of the program; unfortunately these analysis approaches limit the scope of such memory optimizations, since they assume that the program is written in well structured manner, where all repeating accesses to the memory occur inside for loops and furthermore, all memory accesses are generated by array references with affine index expressions (which we name the FORAY form).

affine address functions have the following form: index = const + C1*iter1 + C2*iter2 + + CN*iterN, where index is the access address of the memory reference; const is some constant term (base memory address); N is the loop nest level of the memory reference; C1 ..CN are integer coefficients; and iter1 .. iterN are current values of the loop iterators (iter1 is the iterator of the innermost loop).


To facilitate cancellation, we need to ensure that identical variables on the two equation sides, call them E1 and E2, are represented by identical syntactic elements.

at this point it unfolds left tag to right tag, resulting in heap of ?f = right tag (x .


CalculateP robability(StateCombij ,pk) 9: mrti .

secondly, we assume that our requests do not affect the workload of the providers and hence neither their performance.


The most widespread format by far is motion compensated compressed video, specifically MPEG-2.

the exact number depends on the specific MPEG-2 stream.


After dragging-and-dropping required GUI elements from the RAP onto the RAV and de.ning the names and functions of these elements in RAV, the user generates the Replay Script (3).

it is laborious and ine.cient to understand the source code of the reference applications and schemas for their data storages in order to write programs to extract test cases for target applications.


Related Work Perhaps the most relevant previous work to this research is tracebased aspect mechanisms in which join points are runtime execution events and pointcuts consist of patterns of events (Tracematch [2], Declarative Event Patterns [25], and Trace-based Aspects [7]).

in fact, it is through this shared context that one establishes a relationship between various join points.


The instantaneous power consumed by components implemented in CMOS, such as microprocessors and DRAM, is proportional to V2XF, where Vis the voltage supplying the component, and Fis the frequency of the clock driving the component.

other applications have much coarser behavior.


X : The image after the second LSB replacement is applied,  with size hu w .

we found that the capacity of secret data can be greatly improved if pairs of pixels to carry secret data are implemented in an overlapping way.


Categories and Subject Descriptors D.2.7 [Software Engineering]: Distribution, Maintenance, and Enhancement Restructuring, reverse engineering, and reengineering; D.3.2 [Programming Languages]: Smalltalk General Terms Design, Languages  Keywords design, model, version, software analysis, object-oriented language, Smalltalk 1.

the metamodel in Figure 7 is simpli.ed, in the complete one Orion-Package inherits from FamixPackage, OrionClass from FamixClass, etc.


They note also that you should be able to read a use case and understand how a system delivers value to its actor without worrying about user interface details, data storage details, or other nonfunctional requirements [22 p. 133].

i also locate conflict by comparing whether participants agree when asked to give explicit identity to an implicit agent.


Issue 9 Processes and instructions for quality assured release of software are not always adopted: The companies have established well documented processes with instructions and rules for securing that software is quality assured before it is released to production.

table 3 Principal layout of the cross-case array To enhance the validity of the cross-case comparison, this procedure was conducted separately and in parallel by two researchers.


Especially for a potentially fast growing collection of use experiences with a service, the amount of data to be handled raises questions with regard to storage locations and synchronization issues of this information, and serious concerns about service performance if this additional contextual information defers the functional communication of a service.


[13] Johannes Singler, Peter Sanders, and Felix Putze.

the library itself is threatened by hard-to-maintain complexity.


The openness of the platform can attract more developers to contribute live and appealing content.

the developed client appli cation is not conveniently available to the end users.


In its simplest form, happens-before is a partial order that generalizes the observed total order of a multithreaded program s executionby: ordering all events by a single thread in the order they were actually observed ordering lock releases and subsequent acquisitions of the same lockin the order they were observed.

sliced causality requires two static analysisphasesforprediction.This approach candetect races that our approach does not: recall that our correctly-reordered execution always respects intra-thread event order.our de.nition of causalityis explicitlygeared towards mechanisms thatdo notperform staticprogram analysis, and, thus, cannot tell whether a value read by a thread in.uences subsequent values produced by the same thread.


The second argument should therefore be the .rst of the candidates.

seq4and Seq3), we are ensured to have all the solutions for elements that remained unmatched after the .rst local application of ANSV.


The aim of Xenlog system is to protect the security and integrity of DomU s logging data from being sniffed or redirected by transparently transferring these data to Dom0 through shared memory instead of forwarding by network.

fourth, IDTS supports not only domain-to-domain communications, but also domain-to-domains and domains-todomain communications, which makes our system more universal and applicable.


We compare Java to hand-written C code in performance and predictability.

the RTSJ allows for the asynchronous interruption of methods [7].


The presentation layer provides functionalities to visualize and edit all the generated models.

anomalies observed independently fromfailures are likely to befalse positives and can be ignored.


The tree structure is re.ned using:  An heuristic to infer (1) implications over a disjunction of features, and (2) alternative choices from the implemented components;  The antonym relation of the semantic network that can be used to .nd other alternative choices in the variability model;  The meronym relation describes mandatory relations between components.

for all pairs (w, w 0) 2 mero we must add the constraint s $ s 0 (8) for all pairs (s, s 0) such that w 2 T(s) and w 0 2 T(s 0).For instance, in our example, one such case is StateChartDef $ StateMachineLanguage.


on Autonomic Control, p 26, 2007 [7] Gmach D., Rolia J., Cherkasova L., Kemper A., Workload Analysis and Demand Prediction of Enterprise Data Center Applications, Proc.

^ (k) and ^y(k) are the current estimates of the state .


Asynchronous message connector templates continue to employ places for their interfaces.


This means that su.ciently .ne mesh of present elements will give accurate results with respect to geometrically and materially non-linear beam theory without any limitations on the magnitude of rotations, displacements and strains.

an Application Domain concept can be linked with generic algorithmic concepts, which are de.ned in the Functional level through the relationship ComposedByAlgorithm.


4.1 Translation Rules Each net entity in a multi-agent net is translated to a process in PROMELA.

post-statements-tn } od Step 2: for k conflicting transitions t1 .. tk such that R(ti) = prei .


The new technique allows to enumerate intervals in constant time per interval allowing to solve many problems in O(n)time, once the required data structure were built.

the memory area is enough to storeall thecountersofallthelog log n positions.


While in DSL, the requirement for including keywords to .nd a path between the sender and the recipient prevents a spammer from sending messages to other nodes without appropriate knowledge about the possible keyword and path combinations to reach the recipient.

when this number equals V (the number of nodes in the network), the network is connected.


Call by need vs. call by name Lazy evaluation is an optimization of the standard reduction of .terms and as such we expect any two strategies for lazy evaluation to assign identical meanings to identical .-terms.

technical Report BRICS RS-03-14, Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, Mar.


In Proceedings of GPCE 05,pages 422 437, 2005.

since Provided by(C1)= {f1 ,f2},it actually implements both the features together, thus violating the requirement of mutual exclusion.


Allocation in those regions is performed by a simple bump pointer, while allocation of an object in the immortal space requires in addition setting the object s mark-bit to the appropriate value.

in Conference on Object-Oriented Systems, Languages and Applications (OOPSLA 04), 2004.


Figure 13 shows the performance of the Mario example.

the complex parameter abstraction is a more e.cient representation to search over.


However, some relevant-slice conditions are missed by our technique.

in our implementation, we choose Z3 [4]3 as the SMT solver for our tool.


The Validation Component operates in a declarative manner where the actual validation rules are speci.ed through a particular con.guration of the Change Variability Model (cf.

second, the approach must be independent from any particular implementation or modeling environment.


With respect to the scope of this paper we assume here that the media artifacts are known at design time and are to be created by a media designer.

for instance, there can be different types of cars like Porsche and Ferrari where the users can choose from.


Though the Noop merges write requests, it does nothing to reduce seek time.

sequential and random read/write throughputs of SSDs for various request sizes 01020304050607080904K8K16K32K64K128K256K512K1M2M4M8M16MI/O size(Bytes)Throughput (MB/s)SequentialRandom 01020304050607080904K8K16K32K64K128K256K512K1M2M4M8M16MI/O size(Bytes)Throughput (MB/s)SequentialRandom 01020304050607080904K8K16K32K64K128K256K512K1M2M4M8M16MI/O size(Bytes)Throughput (MB/s)SequentialRandom 01020304050607080904K8K16K32K64K128K256K512K1M2M4M8M16MI/O size(Bytes)Throughput (MB/s)SequentialRandom (a) Seagate HDD read       (b) Hitachi HDD read      (c) Seagate HDD write     (d) Hitachi HDD write  Figure 7.


Autonomic self-optimizing systems have two kinds of goals: they must maintain adequate quality of service (QoS), typically defined by service-level agreements (SLAs), and they may also seek to provide efficient operation, using a minimum of resources.

[10] IBM Tivoli Intelligent Orchestrator, http://www306.ibm.com/software/tivoli/products/intell-orch/, Jan 23, 2005.


The compiler often generates padding to expand unrelated adjacent sub-word .elds to have word alignment.

execution times of the parallel sum code from Figure 1 under different thread and core con.gurations.


Analysis of the deletion test s results are complicated by the table traversal used by the test.

the presence of this magic number means that an alternate data structure must be consulted to .nd the real answer.


Modern staging frameworks such as LMS (Lightweight Modular Staging) [17] go beyond primitives for emitting code and have become popular for implementing generators based on one or multiple levels of DSLs [13, 18, 19, 24].

extensions to new data types and new vector architectures thus become completely modular in the backend translation engine.


This rather subtle problem is dif.cult to detect statically.

it supports renaming, partial import and automatic pre.xing.


The source code of a node is tangled and tightly coupled.

finally, a system named FSNB was proposed to facilitate the building and searching for sensor node source code utilizing our layered framework.


Conclusions This paper has drawn a novel analogy between microeconomics and memory management.

mcKinley, R. Bentzur, A. Diwan, D. Feinberg, S.Z.


Task analysis for knowledge-based descriptions (TAKD); The method and an example .

the PathSim system is unique in that the agents (Virions, B-cells, T-cells, etc.)


We conjecture that any probe strategy that is independent of mismatches suf.ces.

for any SQS Q where (Q)= (n-a+1)(n+1) Avail(Q)=Avail(OPT a), PC * =.(n).


Although this method, used in our Heterogeneity-Aware Signature Supported (HASS) scheduler, overcame the dif.culties associated with the direct measurement of the speedup factor [12], it had limitations of its own.

pA, as well as CAMP supports explicit boosting of the priority for running on a fast core for a thread executing a sequential phase of the application.


to communicate using the JTAG protocol by sending USB commands to the FT2232H chip.

a central unit, the Testbed Controller, communicates with the observers using UDP packets, as shown in Figure 3.


Additionally, width and depth subtyping rules apply to atomic data types that are constrained by one or more constraining facets.

considering the then-branch of an if -statement of the form if (a -e) then 0 it is safe to add the constraint c[H e] to the type of variable a.


Related Work This work is inspired by a long line of work on the speci.cation and implementation of refactorings.

accesses to local variables generate no constraints (since local variables are never shared between threads), and neither do ThreadLocal objects (which are not shared either), so from a concurrency perspective the refactoring becomes a no-op.


For kernbench, the MCS lock can achieve the same scalability and performance with spinlock and adaptive mutex lock,whichisbetter thanmutexlock.Theresults show that waiting by spinning is lightweight for kernbench.

[4] S. Boyd-Wickizer, H. Chen, R. Chen, Y. Mao, F. Kashoek, R. Morris, A. Pesterev, L. Stein, M. Wu, Y. Dai, Y. Zhang, and Z. Zhang.


Word line #0 has page #0 and #2, and word line #1 has page #1 and #4 as paired pages.

experimentation of packed command on random write, tiobench writes 2GB write with 4KB block units on 4 threads (tio_rand).


Prototype Implementation We have implemented our approach for programs written in C using the pthreads library.

by inversion of the former derivation we obtain that n; .


Dealing with comparisons between fuzzing tools is a difficult matter as there is no accepted methodology for it.

the security compromises and denial of service incidents directly impact the users of the software, not the developers [7].


He adds that most of the problems arise from the fact that ob ject-oriented systems do not typically provide any guarantees that inheritance really is used for conceptual specialization [11].

a famous picture called Treachery of Images by famous Belgian surrealist painter Rene Magritte is exhibited in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.


PhD thesis, University of Colorado, 2001.

it is possible to test their .tness for purpose by checking whether they pass one or more tests.


Automatic Identification of Bug-Introducing Changes.

# of crash reports turned to bug reports per month 89.2* Avg.


GT is exploratory and well suited for situations where the researcher does not have pre-conceived ideas, and instead is driven by the desire to capture all facets of the collected data and to allow the theory to emerge from the data.

corbin, Basics of Qualitative Research -Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques, Sage, Newbury Park, 1991.


ak is the last subgoal in the body that is mapped into the same stratum as the head.