It is well known that the convergence of P k depends on the second eigenvalue of P , .P,2: ||P k - p|| = v n|.k P,2|.

nevertheless, the graph structure does play a role on the convergence.


A more sophisticated mapping from the control flow graph to the network could avoid creating these nodes initially.

it is easy to generalize our technique to basic blocks.


The call to the wrapper recycling operation ExprTreeNode(root) is equivalent to the corresponding constructor call, only if a wrapper for root does not already exist, ensuring that there is a unique Expr-TreeNode wrapper for each expression within the context of the enclosing ExpressionDisplay instance.

pIROL: A case study for multidimensional separation of concerns in software engineering environments.


Figure 4 shows one such combination of two valid groups that add up to a complete set: {vm1,vm2}and {vm3,vm4}.

we cannot optimize against the traf.c rate during migration because the actual importance of the interaction between components could be lost through such distortions.


The code outperform test generation tools such as Korat, which timeouts for sizes greater than 11 and is slower 3 orders of magnitude for size 10, and constraint-based generation which is slower up to 2 orders of magnitude.

two test generation tools that follow the declarative approach have been used in our experimental evaluation [16, 1].


At the core of PenSprites are two key classes, Sprite and Stage.A Sprite knows its own position and bounds, can draw itself, handles pen and keystroke input, can perform periodic activities, and can do simple animations involving position, size, and transparency.

compared to desktop and laptop computers, mobile devices have slow processors, narrow data paths, and small or non-existent caches.


ACM SIGPLAN PPoPP, Chicago, Illinois, June 2005.

the number of adaptations needs to be limited, depending on the cost and on which percentage of overall overhead is considered to be tolerable for the qualitative benefit obtained.


In case execution histories for some instructions are very small, there is a possibility of coincidental matches.

eSEC-FSE 05, September 5 9, 2005, Lisbon, Portugal.


The soldier-worn system has 12 microphones as well as a GPS antenna and orientation sensors mounted on a helmet.

technology evaluations and performance metrics for soldier-worn sensors for assist.


To illustrate the viability of this approach, we built two Error Injectors and demonstrated that they could be used to virtualize Memory Scrubber errors and IDE read errors.

in Proceedings of the 2009 workshop on Resiliency in high performance, pages 15 22.


AmbientTalk s concurrency model is based on the communicating event loops model of the E programming language [4], which is itself an adaptation of the well-known actor model [1].

actors are not represented as active objects, but rather as a collection of plain objects that share a single event loop.


1) A hypervisor proves the identity (e.g., UUID) for a VM sitting atop.

purely inspecting the metadata part of the IP packets from this hardware platform there would be no way to differentiate the two cases; the host OS can even setup a relay service to make all packets from the guest OS exactly the same as those from itself, or even worse forge packets as if they were from the guest OS.


It is clearer because design issues and decisions are not confused with implementation-specific ones and more flexible because it can be mapped more easily to fit many different implementation constraints.

constructX may assume that XConstructPlan has already called the individual constructors corresponding to the generalizations of X.


Despite the fact that exploration was not successful, there is still a key point to be made.

while the search procedure is general, the abstraction used for verifying the discovered algorithms may be speci.c to the choice of building blocks.


Also, we do not modify the software implementing the communication channel between the guest OS and the host OS.

this requires source code level changes.


This problem can be restated as a graph problem, and solved as such.

for local calls, this decision can be made safely at compile time.


This check is non trivial because of the variety of ways subtyping can be derived, namely as a transitive chain of steps; each step may be an instance of structural subtyping between record types, of subhashing from pairs of hashes in the H relation, or of the passage from a hash to its declared supertype.

after unmarshalling, the colour annotation on marshalled turns into real colour brackets to allow the sent expression to be well-typed.


Speci.cally, the work proposes an attack on Google s In-App Billing service protocol that allows for users to pay for purchases from within an app.

second, although AOP allows for loop structures to be used as codepoints, this is not adequate for extracting complete path information; SIF s instrumentation mechanisms allow for a more complete handling of language constructs such as loops and exceptions.


Z+ that maps the index of an array element to the element value and used to index one or more dimensions of another array is called an index array.

mATCH [13] is a virtual machine that executes MATLAB programs in parallel by mimicking superscalar processors.


grant or deny) and in a con.uent system this normal form is unique.

a countable set Aof named actions, denoted a0, a1, .


On architectural support for behavior refinement in distributed systems design.

5.3 Application service design This milestone produces an initial design of the application service.


Given a correlation table Cor that contains correlation measures for each combination of segments, as well as the real-time trajectory ending at point pcur , and assuming that j points ahead should be predicted, the weight wi is de.ned as wi = .cur +j k=cur +1 IcorikI.

the predictability results are route-dependent.


map applications, forms, and policies and contacts.

educational Psychologist, 38, 1 (2003), 63-71.


a self-healing component sandbox for untrustworthy third party code execution.


This assumption (formalized as another judgment on statements) implies enough about the position of pop statements in s to prove that the program s ' resulting from a rewriting step properly deallocates exactly all of the live regions not in S1.

tofte and Talpin s seminal work [28] on implementing ML with regions provides the foundation for regions in the ML Kit [27].


the provider incurs an operating cost CN , which depends on the number of users N and depends on the set of users who decide to join the coalition, as described below.


( e) e G f~( e) e The distinction between the escape and evaluation constructs is that escape must be enclosed by quotation brackets and evaluation applies only to closed terms the purpose of escape is to allow reduction inside a code building context.

the resulting limitation is that our programs must also not possess side-effects, such as I/O, since these effects could appear in types.


5.1 Correlation between traces We use the Pearson product-moment correlation coe.cient [23] to quantify the correlations between node pairs.

( (    W  l B   W  l  0  ,l 15  5 020 5l d e o e loe o  w e e led 0 W (d) Incorrect conclusions, 10 min sampling (e) Incorrect conclusions, 30 min sampling (f) Incorrect conclusions, 60 min sampling Figure 8: (Problem A2) Performance of various metrics for attacks requiring di.erent degrees of movement inference for each trace as a function of number of  pairs revealed.


Theorem 5.3 implies that in pure inference mode, that is, when [[. '

we can add or expand boxes as long as we do not put a box around a polytype that was not originally boxed.


So this step consists in creating all the necessary SAs and SUs.

indeed, it is not possible to design all the possible ways to solve this kind of situation so the evolution could be unpredictable like in Japan after the earthquake.


Figure 7 illustrates the expected density plots for an ideal idletime scheduler and identifies several regions of interest.

in terms of the state machine, this means each path from F to B visits P. several differences exist between the four variants.


In contrast, with the incremental approach all 3-way combinations are tested after only 115 + 222 = 337 con.gurations.

our technique iteratively seeds lower strength arrays to create higher strength arrays.


It is much more likely that the available and future model comparison tools will focus on certain aspects.

one of the most important contributions, however, is the benchmark proposed by Varr´o et al.


This work presents SPATE, a primitive that allows users to establish trust via device mobility and physical interaction.

modifying data of other colluding attackers is not considered an attack.


For Metis, the pure RCU design achieves near-perfect 75× speedup at 80 cores and outperforms read/write locking by 3.4×.

the hybrid locking/RCU re.nement approaches this goal without any structural changes to the address space.


for an e.ective and e.cient design of any counter measure, one has to know what the corporation s residual risk is, which is the amount of risk that it undertakes.


the new local contexts r1 and r2 that are produced through elaboration in Figure 3are thrown away.


We add the new state subclasses LightProgress and LightDecrease to design the added states LightProgress and LightDecrease, and the event subclass End to design the new event end to express the new behavior.

these formalisms are oriented simulation in which a computerized description is essential.


Alternative Hypothesis (H1): The number of warnings during the first 14 days < The number of warnings during the last 14 days.


The y-axis shows the throughput and the x-axis shows workload.

because replicas receive noop messages instead of actual work, the workload among replicas is often imbalanced.


[23] T. J. LeBlanc and J. M. Mellor-Crummey.


Other possibilities include exploring di.erent matching techniques to show their impact on the false positives elimination rate.

recent architectures have overcome this limitation by allowing programmers to de.ne di.erent programs to be executed on each core at the same time.


In general, IMS is more resource- constraint bound than LS, because IMS can look for independent operations across loop iteration boundaries.


SIi measures the level of stability of concept i.

[9] S. Clarke, and R.J. Walker, Towards a standard design language for AOSD, 1st Int.Conf.onAspect - OrientedSoftwareDevelopment, April2002.


Table 2 presents the length of the interviews in minutes.

both companies acknowledge that they have not yet completed the work with implementing defined processes for software development into the overall product development system.


There has also been research into the impact of culture on facilitation and negotiation [5][6].

the project manager was in department A, and resources and information were required from department B (names changed to protect the innocent and guilty).


Taking advantage of the existing data correlations in the sensor network, our proposed approach is to select a small set of sensors called the connected correlation-dominating set that form a connected communication graph and are su.cient to infer data of the remaining unselected sensors.

our distributed and centralized algorithm (next section) can be easily generalized to model the case when a hyperedge (S, s) with a weight b signi.es that the node s cansave ontransmission of b bits, if the data from nodes in S is available.


The main idea is also to separate coverage criteria specification from the coverage analysis tool for enhanced flexibility.

[56] Souter, A. L., Shepherd, D., and Pollock, L L., "Concernbased Testing," IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance, September, 2003 [57] Soot: a Java Optimization Framework: http://www.sable.mcgill.ca/soot/ [58] Tarr, P., Ossher, H., Harrison, W., and Sutton, Jr.


A synchronizer may constrain message dispatch, but direct communication with coordinated actors is not possible.

the ARC model preserves the semantics of the actor model.


in ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on the State of the Art in Java Program Analysis, pages 1 6, 2014.


IEEE Transaction on Software Engineering, 26 (10).

the try sequencer defines an order in which the alternatives should be attempted.


Safety requirements in Category 3 cannot be formalized regardless of the abstraction level of the GPCA Simulink/State.ow model.

the glue code provides a clock source implementation that provides the timing semantics of timed automata.


My husband puts great emphasis on code that is beautiful that is, economical, reusable, modular.

the default installation of R has all the tools necessary for preuniversity maths or statistics.


Dependent Type Providers Because the .NET type system lacks dependent types, code generation is a necessary part of F# type providers.

in Proceedings of the 5th ACM workshop on Programming languages meets program veri.cation, PLPV 11, pages 43 54, New York, NY, USA, 2011.


A few Gigabytes of plain text corpus can yield billions of phrases.

the data on the distributed .le system used byMapReduce is replicated on multiple machines, and when a compute node fails during execution, the failed task is assigned to a di.erent node.


Evaluation of test outputs is also associated with a considerable effort by human testers who often have imperfect knowledge of the requirements specification.

over each element the solution is approximated by a low degree polynomial (usually no more than fourth-order).


a) which is less general (and hence less useful) than usual.

we note that anecdotally it performs a much better job vectorizing loops than GCC, especially for the simple loops shown here.


In considering why narrative principles should be used to structure and thus alter the realistic simulation, two main reasons are usually advocated, one is related to emotion the other is related to cognition [54].


Quantitative data from a variety of projects could expose relationships between these variables.

our observations can serve as an early sanity check of our approach and guide future development and research.


Ef.cient lookup on unstructured topologies.

random routes that go into the sybil region fall under the control of the adversary.


Unit Testing for Multi-Threaded Java Programs Gábor Szeder FZI Forschungszentrum Informatik Germany szeder@fzi.de ABSTRACT Unit testing focuses on testing the smallest units that comprise a software system and allows developers to detect bugs early in the development process.

otherwise, the developer gains false sense of con.dence in his code.


In M. Broy and C. B. Jones, editors, Programming Concepts and Methods.

for effect analysis, we need to track the source of local variables and record effects on them.


DL - DR obviously depends on the angle C and the size of the head.

the compiler certi.es that no run-time errors will be produced during the execution of our code for the stream interpreter.


As an example consider the case of con.guration management (CM) tools.

there are typically other workers who need or want to manipulate items that are not under their control, i.e., artifacts they do not own.


We also produce non trivial tests, but in a di.erent way, by applying some selected mutation rules to a property describing the nominal behavior.

the fact that the results were all OK is not surprising since the GEMALTO team had correctly taken care of this sequencing property during the development phase of IAS.


Moreover, it exists and algorithm A that solves the z-set agreement problem in ASn,t-y[Oz ](such an algorithm is presented in Section 3.1).

observation O1:Let f be the number of actual failures.


This is especially important because by minimizing the collection of personal data it may not be necessary to protect data as strongly during storage and processing.

data usage has to be limited to the purpose for which it was collected.


If evaluating a subgoal does not produce any new answer, then evaluating it again is just a waste.

this eager consumption strategy is not as space e.cient as the lazy consumption strategy adopted in our method.


5 plots the error correction capabilities for codeword length N. It indicates the bit error rate (BER) for the .ip  Figure 5: Bit error rates for .ip rates rate of the codeword.

[13] K. Takahara, M. Nakano, and K. Yamaguchi, A study on watermarking algorithms for clipped images, Technical Report of IEICE, vol.


There-fore, it is better to restart the implementation from a clean initial concrete state and use the abstract state to bring it up-to-date.

replicas cannot discard a copy of the state produced after executing a request until they know that the state produced by executing later requests can be proven correct.


Finally, Sector automatically maintains a specified minimum number of copies of a file in different locations, if sufficient additional disk space is available.

currently Sector is being designed to be used only with high end systems and clusters configured with large storage and high performance network connections.


In Proceedings of the 1993 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing, pages 351 360.

4This is to cope with the Minimal Extension to OOP requirement expressed in section 4.1, as introducing parallel execution semantics would clearly not contribute to a minimal extension.


These technologies do exist and are already in use, but the interaction is not yet common.

the sixth column (RAMopt) lists the total task-context size using the minimized register sets obtained from the compiler.


General Terms Algorithms, Reliability, Design, Human Factors.

iSE also provides conversational explorers.


it is as if there are multiple working directories (one for each branch), or in other words, one can think of it as a .le potentially having several working versions accessible via a branch name b (noted as working[b] in the diagram).


CHALLENGES Unique characteristics of tinyOS, nesC and WSNs lead to challenges in developing a representation useful for testing that can successfully express the ordering relationships in which tasks and events are executed in a mote application.

each application has three special events called einit,estart and estop for three standard commands Main.StdControl.init(), Main.StdControl.start() and Main.StdControl.stop() which are always executed at the beginning and at the end of an application.


During the .fth and sixth days in Figure 13(b), the batches are in fact limited by available reduce slots.

task slot occupancy over time for the latencybound policy eliminates all dangling tasks of long durations (Figure 11(b)).


After that the information is categorized and then server will create the agents which are used to carry these information services, and migrate to proxy.

the user s requests for contents generating the UI displays might consider participating in mash-up process as time-consuming, even a trouble of network bottleneck.


S8>< useM (m), if belongs(x)= Ø S m.mbt(x) m.belongs(x) The initial system facts (input to our analysis) describe mu(x)= two sets of entities, MOD and IMP , which represent, re spectively, the modules in the high-level model and the en tities of the implementation level.

we need only to be careful with cross-module cycles.


Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 5:155 166, 2002.

for scienti.c, mul- Copyright is held by the author/owner(s).


It is possible to precisely designate the particular order of a series of context value updating events.

[10] observe the out-oforder events in event stream based applications and propose aggressive and conservative strategies to tackle such problem with different assumption on the presence rate of out-of-order events.


A subtype may add further features (variability extension) and bind existing or added features (specialization).

in Software Process Improvement and Practice 10, pages 143 169, 2005.


Instead of writing transformation rules manually, users are asked to build a prototypical set of interrelated mappings between the source and target model instances, and then the metamodel-level transformation rules will be semi-automatically generated.

users are completely isolated from knowing a model transformation language and the metmodel definition.


Since Tro is negligible and the constant c is usually 512, the random out operation may increase the performance about four times compared to the general 2K bytes read operation.

[12] Symbian, http://www.symbian.com, 2010.


The remainder of the constraints are either simple cardinality constraints that cannot be expressed in the structure (e.g., at most eight MimicPanels in AutroPrime, see Fig.

so far, many constraints are hard-coded in the legacy con.gurator tool.


Another approach is to use the eager execution mechanism, as was the case with sensor threads.

the BPC Framework In this section we present the BPC framework for behavioral programming in C++, which implements the extensions discussed in previous sections.


[2] Bernsen, Taxonomy of HCI Systems: State of the Art.

dESCRIPTIVE POWER : COMPARISON WITH RELATED WORK We have presented the model, and showed that it is well suited for modeling mixed reality systems.


Our power management scheme has two salient features.

categories and Subject Descriptors C.2.4 [Computer-communication Networks]: Distributed Systems General Terms Design, Implementation, Measurement, Experimentation Keywords Wireless sensor networks, Patient monitoring, Reliability Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for pro.t or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the .rst page.


In most cases, the cone-of- influence heuristics in C2BP were able to reduce the number of theorem prover calls to a manageable number.


Therefore, few people carry out researches on computer application.

software companies will develop corresponding software according to the needs of market or enterprises, greatly accelerating the development of software industry.


Instances of Everywhere correspond to the composition (everywhere f) in Haskell.

in Haskell, queries are extended by the function extQ, which takes a generic query and extends it with a new type-speci.c case.


This determines the relevant variables and values that infect the program to failure.

if HDD cannot remove a single node from the tree, the tree is 1tree-minimal.


M3 design: The notion of a memory container and a randomizing algorithm are devised so that the operating system can ef.ciently randomize page frame accesses.

the aggregation of the bank 0s in the 8 chips of Figure 1(b) corresponds to bank 0  Figure 2.


5(a) that the malicious node is able to drive the values of the normal nodes to its value of 2 whenever LCP is used.

iEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 56(7):1593 1605, July 2011.


Two model interpreters play a central role in this architecture.

it is desirable to develop security systems that adapt themselves during operation.


[14] T. Estrada, K. Reed, and M. Taufer.

with XWHEP, spot10 and BIG BoT, the average completion is not much improved (from 2524 to 2521 seconds).


The shape of a thing determines that thing s control-.ow properties.

discussion We built Hoopl in order to combine three good ideas (interleaved analysis and transformation, an applicative control-.ow graph, and optimization fuel) in a way that could easily be reused by many compiler writers.


46022, Valencia, Spain {sabrahao, einsfran, pcarsi}@dsic.upv.es In this paper, we present a controlled experiment to assess whether the use of stereotypes improves the comprehension of UML sequence diagrams.

does the Use of Stereotypes Improve the Comprehension of UML Sequence Diagrams?


Let c denote the number of sketches (codewords) for each segment and d denote the actual number of .ipping errors in the received packet.

a clean slice can be identi.ed through the following threshold-based approach.


In this way, we propose the CWB presents multiple similar Web pages concurrently.

although these Web sites have similar structures and items, they don t necessarily have similar contents.


We assured that we ran the metrics tools on identical source code.


Software architecture improvement through test-driven development, ACM-SIGPLAN, pp.

when compared with other perfect solvers like Kuhn-Munkres [12], a traditional NSGA-II does not provide diversified, good solutions in terms of each goal.


6.2 Microarchitecture Impact on Optimisations Havinganalysed the optimisations thathave mostimpact ondifferent programs, we now turn our attention to the relationship between the microarchitecture and compiler optimisations.

the machine learning schemes wedevelop in this paper are independent of this and can equally be applied to other, more complex spaces.


Ercatons (as defined in this paper) are meant to address all aspects of the OP manifesto and to be fully Thing-oriented.

and still, we would define classes which model a factory which produces tiles, Phase transition for leading software organization principle  OO programming  Spontaneous evolution Organic programming  Figure 1.


4.3.1 Two-parameter method: Copies The copies method takes an input string and an input number, nCopies, and generates a string consisting of nCopies of the input string.

the latter calls the method String.getChars, which in turn invokes System.arraycopy (that .nally performs the copy).


Our tool uses a multi-resolution analysis, where the value of k (the amount of stack context used to distinguish nodes), is increased only in the areas of the graph where it is necessary to alleviate ambiguity in latency analysis.

the notation ?2 indicates two bytes being popped o. of the stack a return from a procedure call.


It is therefore ensured that, whenever B is translated, all tentative links to it will be immediately put in place.

if eliding any of the above categories of CTIs has better memory ef.ciency than the baseline, then it is considered worth eliding.


1995] and that we recall them in the following: The code that implements the FSM is an unreadable code.

the STATE pattern does not objectify events which may lead to memory exceeding when cyclic behavior occurs (methods that materialize state changes will be overlapped).


21 stevek@metacase.com  Risto Pohjonen MetaCase Ylistönmäentie 31 40500 Jyväskylä, Finland +358 14 641000 ext.

a certain class of port usage was not supported: where the ports arise dynamically in an object, depending on other information in the model the list of Attributes in a Class, allowing roles to connect to an Attribute (Figure 1), or the set of Interface objects defined in a subgraph of a Component object.


Fourth, we describe dynamic processing of Incremental GIM-V.

pEGASUS describes a very important primitive called GIM-V (Generalized Iterated Matrix-Vector multiplication).


The algorithm is similar to the computation of guards in the CFG, except that it is performed on the VFG and it doesn t use postdominators.

tVLA has not been used for error detection in larger programs.


These multiple power saving classes arises the ine.ciency of power saving when the mobile station can sleep only if all the power saving classes are in the sleep windows.

the sleep mode in the IEEE 802.16m still has an ine.ciency which is shown in Fig.


[10] M. Viera, S. D. Swierstra, and W. Swierstra.

for example, a core language compiler and a set of optional extensions can be distributed (without sources), such that the user can link his own extended compiler together.


Node u gets aware of these nodes as they sent an activity message (Fig.

any node whose passivity would not empty the set of alternatives of its neighbors could get Sensing-Only, its monitoring duty remaining essential to k-coverage.


While the ambiguity is modest in this small example, it is easy to see how the number of options that must be considered can quickly explode when diagnosing a system of any complexity.

it infers both control and data value information post-mortemly, providing a similar user-experience as an interactive debugger without dynamically re-executing the program.


JOP [25], the Java Optimized Processor, is an intended solution to this issue.

for a Java processor the native language is still Java bytecode.


Commercial products such as AppShield [58] and InterDo [43] use a similar approach.

a First Step Towards Automated Detection of Buffer Overrun Vulnerabilities.


Semantic faults are more elusive because they involve incorrect use of the logical constructs of the policy speci.cation language.

to generate tests for achieving high coverage based on basic coverage criteria, we developed a technique that considers each rule in isolation and attempts to satisfy the constraints required for that rule to be applied [1].


Avalue of 1 for R2 and 0% for RAE show a perfect .t [14].

to guarantee QoS of running tasks, a survival function is proposed to deal with the .uctuation issue of resource requirement, therefore largely alleviating the interference between the tasks running on a same virtual machine.


With this, the risk of indirect conflict also increased.

a large size of the Spheres of Influence serves as a warning of high chances of them to overlap, which increases the risk of an indirect conflict being inserted.


In the approach of [17], which is based on GME [2], models are considered as graphs, and the differences metamodel is also graph based.


Workflow activities are realized in the hypertext model by suitable configurations of pages and units, enclosed between Start activity and End activity operations.

we propose a visual editor of business process diagrams (according to the BPMN notation), which seamlessly integrates into the commercial CASE tool called WebRatio, which allows the designer to model data-intensive and service-intensive Web applications based on WebML (Web Modeling Language) models.


Stretching the storage manager: weak pointers and stable names in Haskell.


Keywords Modularity, common coupling, maintenance.

d datacontrolcommon coupling Two modules are data-control-common coupled if an instance of a global variable induces common coupling, data coupling, and control coupling between the two modules.


While the active power draw of FPGAs is reasonable, especially considering their performance, it is hardware duty cycling that ultimately determines the lifetime of a WSN node.

the real strength and novelty of the platform, however, lies in the remaining part of the FPGA fabric.


Providing robust libraries, similar to the Standard Template Library of C++, would provide a convenient method to incorporate robust algorithms and data structures in applications.

before relying on dynamic invariant detection, these requirements and concerns should be evaluated.


[34] Alexandre Oliva and Luiz Eduardo Buzato.

the application compiled class .les (.class .les) and a con.guration .le containing a list of class names (the ones selected to be re.ective) are input to an Aspect Generator and a Re.ective Class Generator.


The rest of the paper is organized as follows.

file systems for these multimedia applications must support not only non real-time data but also real-time data efficiently.


How do agile and lean principles help the application of stakeholder concepts to a product development effort or even to product architecture?

a particular focus of my research is on the application of stakeholder concepts to software development, and specifically to geographically distributed product development organizations.


With the guidance of the vulnerability model, the analyzer takes information from the source program to resolve the query.

our focus is the path segments starting from the entry of the program to a bu.er access.


: arr g >>> switch (...) ( -> arr f) switch =.

this is encouraging in itself, and also implies that the Yampa API could be simpli.ed as a number of pre-composed primitives that were there mainly for performance reasons are no longer needed.


On a wide in-order superscalar such as Ef.ceon, generating good static schedulesiskeyto performanceand thereforethe superblockplays a critical role on these types of machines.

a mechanism is necessary to identify and disable problematic asserts[20].


This enables the usage of powerful (compositional) state-space reduction techniques as well as checking a large range of functional properties expressed in the temporal logic XTL.

tokens communicated over data channels (solid edges) are unvalued.


E.ectiveAdvice builds interference combinators from primitive combinators for individual programs.

weave .b2 while a fast .bonacci function is obtained by adding the memo advice and suitably instantiating the state monad: evalState :: State s a .


Here, hit means that the computed minimum error source exactly matches the true error source, and miss means that there is no relationship between the two.

for brevity, we focus on the assertions that are generated from the coercion constraint on line 17 as well as the relevant assertions that come from the two class declarations: {get, move} .


We believe the solution to this problem is to introduce a QoS negotiation mechanism between client application and middleware where the client can agree to certain access patterns, and the middleware can agree to carry out multi-resource reservations to guarantee query execution times.

the assumption is generally that all applications share a big set of data that has been gathered by sensors, and then transforms this data and distributes it to the client application when needed.


The concept of user behavior in a context will be made precise by the definition of interaction pattern.

interacting with Ap, users may find how to use Ap in achieving new tasks or acquire some habits.


Our proposed solution is inspired by the idea of utilizing native codes to achieve high performace on different platforms.

the system has achieved the ultimate goal to provide an Online Intergrated Development Environment for cross-platform graphical user interface, which allows native code project generation.


With this .nal team, we also got an opportunity to interact with two of their senior managers.

the ABC company allowed us to perform the study, and the many participants gave us their valuable time to gather the data.


const mzero ) To illustrate the use of the monadic arrow we return to our generic zipping function.

the second one, inv, reverses the direction of computation, yielding the inverse of a bi-arrow, which will boil down to swapping the two comprised functions.


We see that the above model is given a pessimistic behaviour of the expected disjoint sets, as the number of edges (tag pairs) is over estimated.

only tagsets for which there was at least one noti.cation sent are considered in the statistics.


In AutoMod, a complete model may comprise an unlimited number of successively referenced process procedures that are coded in individual source files.

aUTHOR BIOGRAPHIES K. PRESTON WHITE, JR., is Professor of Systems Engineering at the University of Virginia.


In contrast, the following transformation extracts the association names as a result.

additional attributes and associations of subclasses result in additional columns of the top-most classes.


Hadoop assigns Reduce tasks to nodes on a .rst-come-.rst-served basis where tasks have a high probability of being assigned to the slower Atom-based nodes which are more in number than the Xeon-based nodes (80 versus 10).

for example, our Shuf.e-heavy MapReductions running on a homogeneous Amazon EC2 cluster of 128 Xeon-based nodes spend about 20% of their total execution times in exposed Shuf.e as compared to less than 5% on our homogeneous Xeon-node sub-cluster (the clusters use similar nodes and therefore the Map computation should hide the Shuf.e to the same extent in the two clusters).


Second, it requires the analyst to be an expert in the modeling language being used.

the fact that we need only consider synchronous executions means that an FSV tool, such as the model checker Spin [5], does not need to keep track of pending messages in its representation of the global state and can avoid exploring all of the resulting additional global states.


Recently, equivalence checking methods that can be applied to C-based designs in system-level or behaviorlevel have been proposed.

in the method, the textual di.erences between the two programs are identi.ed at .rst to get hints where the equivalence must be checked.


A similar approach to the common language concepts of 5.3 is the use of gateway metaclasses in [8].


Otherwise it would be simple to inject some code and to redirect the control .ow to the injected code.

a safe implementation would use a static parameter to pass a single string (e.g., printf("%s", usr str)).


To sum up, given a path constraint pc using a set X of symbolic variables, a set F of uninterpreted functions and a set IOF of recorded input-output function samples, the post-processed formula POST (pc) obtained by post-processing pc in high-order test generation is the .rst-order logic formula de.ned by POST (pc)= .X : A .pc where .X denotes that all symbolic variables xi .X are existentially quanti.ed, .denotes logical implication, and A is the conjunction of equality constraints c = f(evalConcrete(args)) for all (c, f(evalConcrete(args))) .IOF .Inwhatfollows,we call A the antecedent of POST (pc).

sound concretization would force the concretization of x, y, f(x) and f(y), and would not be able to generate a test to cover a path with such a path constraint.


rcv nxt now changes every time a packet with data is received.

there are several streaming protocols that use T C P to control user session or even transport data (e.g.


NESL enables a restricted form of nested composition, but it is syntactic sugar for serial recursion on nested arrays.


INFTL uses a stack-based algorithm to remap logical pages to physical ones.

we are interested in three properties in [34].


By combining the overlapping classes after applying each rule, we can reduce the complexity of the class diagram before applying the next rule.

we use the goal models and operation models as source models.


My feeling was that this had mainly to do with the lack of adequate support in Petri nets for hierarchical specification of behavior.

(Preliminary version: Technical Report CS84-05, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, February 1984.)


This is the only approach that runs the target program at native speed directly on the MCU, or on the metal , without using extra hardware or making changes to the program s source code.

a network-centric approach to embedded software for tiny devices.


Improved approximation algorithms for the steiner tree problem.

the distributed algorithms are localized and incur only a linear number of messages.


Although quantum computing is not yet ready to move from theory to practice, it is nevertheless possible to make informed guesses of what form an eventual quantum computer may take, or more importantly for programming language design, of the interface by which one may interact with such a quantum computer.

the Quipper implementation with automatically generated oracle uses more ancillas than QCL, but does so with fewer gates.


Yet most of the existing solutions, while noteworthy, adopt heuristicbased solutions with no performance guarantees.

the lth problem can be formally expressed as to minimize: mn-1 bj+1 Em,l(f )= (F (bj+1) - F (bj ))P i (d - ) i=1 af j=al,i n-1 mcj +(af 3 + P i ) (1 - F (bj )) j=0 i=1 af mal,i +)E (27) i=1 F (bal,i tr Subject to: xl = f = yl (28) where Em,l(f ) is the expected energy with m devices for the lth problem and each al,i is determined by the frequency range [xl,yl] (as stated in Lemma 2).


It has also been applied to events and aspects [6].

every property that can be proven to be true for every execution sequence in the RUM, is also true for the actual implementation.


This is a strength in a rapidly changing development environment.

subsequent sprints had lesser numbers of spillages, as most of the tasks were completed within or before the estimated time.


Our communication substrate Panda [2] also uses one interface for different communication hardware.

when a type is encountered for the .rst time, the IbisInputStream uses the (expensive) newInstance operation to create an object of the accompanying generator class.


Similar to Theorem 2, let c' i(Q) denote the largest number j (1 = j = k) before checking on si terminates.

j=1| S j-1 | whereas the total number of comparisons made by r r Algorithm 3 is .


Most of the above mentioned previous empirical studies used version control systems to extract limited information about the discovered clones; for example, when a clone appears in some previous version.

comprehending reality practical barriers to industrial adoption of software maintenance automation.


which are used to construct appropriate subgoals for each type.

we performed informal experiments comparing the two approaches based on negation-as-failure.


Software Product Lines: Practice and Patterns.

a company specializing in system design and development has inherent dif.culties when introducing PLE, since it normally develops systems one at a time, based on commissions, rather than on a marketing plan.


Another approach for improving the play-out of LSC speci.cations is smart play-out [10].

in our synthesis approach, if an MSD use case speci.cation is consistent, Uppaal Tiga will synthesize a strategy that shows us how the system can always react to the environment such that the speci.cation is satis.ed.


Being a follower means that the user will receive all the microblogs1 from the one he follows (named followee).

we demonstrate that Cuckoo s decentralized architecture signi.cantly saves the bandwidth and tra.c consumed by the bandwidth & traf.c analyzer.


Figure 2 Capturing concerns with an extended AIOG UML is used as the modeling support for our approach.

the main contribution of this work is the incorporation of word sense awareness in an aspect identification process, as well as a workflow of activities developed to alleviate the problems caused by ambiguities and synonyms in requirements in natural text.


We can start again with a conceptual model in which these facts are simply magically generated and recorded at every join point.

3.2 SLAL: Need for Symbiosis The model of SLAL is su.cient to explain how logic pointcut languages work, but it has of course also a very limited pointcut language.


An IAS is enabled when its control input port, which is connected to an if/else block, has a e i,j0 present event, i.e.

the ACSM uses an abstract clock for the well-defined absent token.


We wanted to extend the MemPool benefits to these allocations as well.

we could not afford to have static tables of the maximum free objects for each type; the allocation must by dynamic.


Note that the degree of reusability of architectural templatesis quitehigh, especially the degreeof reusabilityof the connectors and the attachments that specify the compositionbetween the componentsinthe template, whichisof 100% for all the templates.

automatically generated 84 SEC, COM, CTX degree of automation 77,78% Health Watcher.


iNTRODUCTION In large-scale, distributed software systems, an important management undertaking concerns the creation and runtime modification of application instances.


We deliberately adopt the wider notion that AOP is about modularizing crosscutting concerns.

at various levels of abstractions, various AOP mechanisms are employed.


KNOWLEDGEBASES In this section, we apply our framework for representation systems to knowledge bases.

(2) chaseS12 (chaseS1 (I)) = chaseS2 (J).


The main reason is that the formal veri.cation of a model is an undecidable problem.

then, the tool relies on the constraint solver ECLiPSe [1] to determine whether the CSP has a solution or not.


We have gathered good results while using a similar system in our course on Data Structures and Algorithms in order to automatically assess students exercises [8].

tRAKLA assesses only some predefined states of the data structure whereas Matrix provides the possibilities to assess the complete sequence of states generated by the user.


Path profiling transforms a CFG into a directed acyclic graph (DAG) and assigns values to the nodes so that each unique path from the entry to the exit of the DAG produces a unique sum.

given the importance of testing, it is imperative that there are appropriate testing tools and frameworks.


The buffering time is set according toEquation(1).

more energy couldbe savedby exploiting theidle time of theWiFiinterface.


Here is a standard example in the reactive community, which can be seen as a reduced version of our xhr3&: (define abro& (hiphop& input: "A" "B" "R" output: "O" (loop& (until& "R" (par& (await& "A") (await& "B")) (emit& "O"))))) A HIPHOP program is embedded into a machine M in the following way: (define M (make-hiphop-machine )) Note that the same program can be embedded in several different machines.

a let& statement terminates when its implicitly seq& sequential body does.


The Vienna Dynamic Adaptation and Monitoring Extension (VieDAME1 for short) addresses two very important issues when applying BPEL in enterprise applications where high-availability is essential, namely monitoring and adaptation.

to support new BPEL engines, it is (only) necessary to implement an engine adapter speci.cally to the desired engine implementation.


Again, normality was not satisfied, so a Kruskal-Wallis test was used.

it is essential for computer programming students to master this skill.


Although this heuristic is not always accurate, it works well when the threads are running similar amounts of workloads, which is usually the case for data parallel programs.

parallel programming itself is already dif.cult enough for programmers.


A node label could represent a function or a file operation tuple.

next Century Challenges: Scalable Coordination in Sensor Networks.


(ii) In L, it is possible to faithfully encode the ordered semantics on top of the unordered one.

[,/:/1 = [Ixll... IIM Ii: S~ee(rj)] = !in(pd.out(rD.out(pi+~) [i : DecJump(ri,s)] = !in(pi).


2.5 Writing and Reading in Knowledge Creation In the natural or physical sciences, succinctness and precision of language is emphasized over individual style or rhetorical flourish [3][33] and ambiguity is reduced by standardizing and the formalizing reporting procedures such as lab notes and articles.

laboratory Life: The Social Construction of Scientific Facts.


Processes enter the CS in the order in which they complete their mutex doorway.

if registers can hold unbounded integers, then O(N) shared registers suffice.


In contrast, a heap-allocated object could be freed as soon as it becomes inaccessible.

garbage Collection for Embedded Systems.


EXPERIIMENT 33.1 Evaluattion using Suudoku puzzles WWe investigated the overhead ffor fault detectioon using an AMMD OOpteron Quad CCore 2380 multi--core processor.

in this paper, we propose an island-model fault-tolerant technology that takes communication into consideration.


Another reason for failures to establish market orientation could be that the culture, capabilities and configuration of most organizations can be more a hindrance than help [2].

the level of market sensing capabilities is one of the deciding factors for the success of sense making.


On the surface, our findings appears to contradict those of Lavery and Hwu [3], who present data showing that compilers must software pipeline multi-block irregular loops to achieve good speedups.

these effects can be undone by applying register copying.


In Proceedings of Operating System Design and Implementation (OSDI 96), Seattle, pages 107 122, October 1996.

a Proportional Share Resource Allocation Algorithm for Real-Time, Time-Shared Systems.


The code transformer exploits the heuristic that inputs should be the variables that are used but not de.ned in the code, and outputs should be the variables that are de.ned but not used by the code.

data showed that more than 26K functions contain fewer than 10 primary statement, while there are several functions contain more than 1, 000 statements.


Interaction schemes OSGi generally provides two interaction schemes by which bundles can collaborate with each other or the framework [7].

regarding to our vision of PnP for software components, the bundle to be installed might not match any of the system bundle s interfaces or requires bundles/services which can t be resolved in the current environment.


The reason behind this is that an honest recommender will provide obsolete and inaccurate trust recommendation, if it has not interacted with the trustee since the trustee s status changes.

using recommendations does not contribute much to the trust convergence speed if the ground trust status changes dynamically.


We design a detailed analytical model to estimate the migration performance by scrutinizing Xen s live migration algorithm.

migration costs may vary significantly for different workloads due to the variety of VM configurations and workload characteristics.


Optional binding instructions allow specifying explicitly which services to bind for some of the component dependencies.

in most of the cases, each application customizes the way it interacts with external services in its environment.


From this and other experiments, TestFul appears to explore the search space less than random testing, being able to put objects in complex states, and therefore it typically outperformsit.


RT0(P) Notice thatfor RT1wehave E[WRT1(P) ]= l, which is a constant.

but what about if we need to test a SUT on which we cannot make any assumption on the values pi?


The increased performance, however, often comes at the cost of decreased resilience against certain types of attacks.

nearly 43% percent of the connections came from the top twenty .ve observed client ASes that is, just over one percent of all observed client ASes.


Also for diversity preservation, Essam and Mckay [6] used a tag system to mark individuals of common ancestry in order to prevent their crossover.

the root ancestor of generation 19 began to dominate the population (being the best of the run until generation 25).


Automated con.ict-free distributed implementation of component-based models.


But when using SIMD code the speed up ratio from unrolled loop to the SIMD one is 1.6, which is the same as when comparing static instruction counts.

to limit the checks needed to ensure that there is no dependency, the loop body must contain one operation.


Desirable Occurrence of startSignal Pre(startSignal) =¬Overridden Pre(stopSignal)=¬LowWaterPressure .

it starts from the least constrained LTS model that satis.es the given speci.cation, and it re.nes it adding pre-and triggerconditions on system events that eliminate undesirable behaviors.


For example, if a search form in a user interface allows a set of optional search criteria to be speci.ed, the .lters that result from di.erent combinations of criteria will be di.erent.

the following query is an example of what might be generated.


For each of a range of numbers of servers, 10,000 blocks were inserted into the system.

the current CFS client uses a fixed pre-fetch window.


It is typically used by tools such as IAR [10] to record the last 8 instructions executed before a watchpoint or breakpoint.

aVEKSHA does not have to make tightly coupled changes to the hardware (the radio in this case), which are dif.cult to make and in some cases impossible when the hardware or the .rmware is closed source.


the Nehalem and Opteron have private L2 caches for each core but a shared L3 cache.


The ma jor goal of distributed correlation processing is to scale up the processing capacity to support complex correlation predicate computation over high-rate streams.

let W1 and W2 denote the sliding window sizes of the stream S1 and S2.


3.2 Page Migration Algorithm 2 gives the steps for CPM taking into account the asymmetry of memory technology (mainly slow writes in PCM).

the increased penalty is not large enough to o.set the reduction in stall cycles due to migrations.


Our machine uses the MOESI cache coherency protocol [42].

we have chosen 500 ms as a shu.ing interval in this work.


[22] G. L. Stavrinides and H. D. Karatza, Scheduling real-time DAGs in heterogeneous clusters by combining imprecise computations and bin packing techniques for the exploitation of schedule holes , Future Generation Computer Systems, Elsevier, vol.

[3] D. Kotsakos, P. Sakkos, V. Kalogeraki and D. Gunopulos, Using smart mobile devices for monitoring in assistive environments , in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Pervasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 13), Island of Rhodes, Greece, May 2013, pp.


Our results suggest that a moderate level of two to three lines of preview should be the default.

it is also clear that providing more preview is not always better.


Trojan messages are good candi dates for such fault injection.


For LIB components, Step 2 is executed before Step 3.

each Component C release contains a DLL file with size of about 110 kilobytes.


Based on this I definitely think that there is a future for SOA (just as there is a future for brainpower ;-).

service providers expose capabilities through interfaces, and service-oriented architecture maps these capabilities and interfaces so they can be orchestrated into processes.


Also, there is no support for independent tests or test suites.

tDL builds on the ideas in Meyer s work on Design by Contract [12].


To .nd such opportunities, we performed additional investigations for unused literals.

when the StringGC was enabled, the comparison became faster for higher dupRatios, because the same-value String objects had been uni.ed.


It should also be mentioned that each fault brings a small amount of data, and a large number of small messages decreases the network bandwidth.

ideally, invalidations performed by a thread should not be visible to other local threads running on this node.


The bottom line Increasing locality of new objects in a copying con.guration is hard: the locality of new objects is fairly good and OC does not seem to help.

these observations greatly simplify the implementation of the co-allocation technique.


Tasks consists of roles, actions, input data and output data that refer to semantic knowledge representations (cf.

we need to allow the user to focus on concerns during the task modeling.


Speculative pipelining can be used to split iterations that call expand_neighbours into multiple threads of a similar length.

the short lengths of both the computation and the node traversal threads, in conjunction with the prefetching effectively conducted by the traversal threads, explain the larger speedups obtained under the real memory model than the perfect memory models.


[20] have reported results of a measurement from a popular P2P live streaming system via the server side.

the computation of F(m,i) was described in Section 3.


Distributed asynchronous collections: abstractions for publish/subscribe interaction.

mACE-like systems have been used mostly for loosely-coupled systems, such as DHTs or overlays.


RAPT is intended to provide a more streamlined user interface for automotive software architects that can encapsulate some of the more formal details of the ArchE expert system and its quality attribute RFs.

this tactic could conflict with the real-time performance RF.


The Software Performance and Reliability Bottleneck Speaker: Mantis Cheng Affiliation: ACD Systems, Canada Abstract: Processor speed has been increasing dramatically for the past 20 years.

splitting the Organization and Integrating the Code: Conway s Law Revisited.


Is the .rst argument to an feval call a read-only variable in the function?

if the test does not succeed, it calls the look-up code.


On the one hand, such systems consist of applications with different performance objectives and requirements which may dynamically change during different execution phases.

rU N -T I M E RE S O U R C E AL L O C AT I O N There is no best practice for dealing with multiple objectives at run-time because RRM requires a total order over all Paretooptimal, non-comparable solutions.


Locally optimistic logging has a larger maximum response time because of SE1 s orphan recovery at MSP1.

the EOS log record points back to the orphan log record.


[16] C. E. McDowell, B. R. Montague, M. R. Allen, E. A. Baldwin, and M. E. Montoreano.

for most of the benchmarks we tested, the impact of these merges was not signi.cant.


We showthatthequorumfailure detector Sl, obtained by instantiating Q with the mutual exclusion problem, together with T , is su.cient to solve mutual exclusion in any environment.

n. Proof ofPart(2) is similar,butwith onedi.erence: the assertion tmin(F,I,{p1,p2},f)= 8 holds only if p1 and p2 are both correct in F. the contradiction arises only if p1 and p2 are both correct in F, but that is su.cient to establish that H(p1,t1)and H(p2,t2)are not disjoint for any two correct processes p1 and p2.


A real-time thread can, however, create an object in a preallocated memoryregion.

figure 15: Predicates Used in Type Checking Rules  Figure 14 presents our typing judgments.


[2] B. Arai, G. Das, D. Gunopulos, and V. Kalogeraki.

users submit their true QoIi(t) information and get compensated for providing that information.


the company has no exact descriptions of which demographic segments that are relevant for a given product, but operate with a broad range of different segments that can be involved due to the type of project at hand.


It can replicate/migrate data stored in the DHT.

it also allows introducing addresses for new network protocols without interfering with the way that existing addresses are used.


In FracTalk, the content of a primitive component is implemented as a plain object.

cLIC developers can bene.t from the full power of Smalltalk class libraries.


In principle, this monad-based approach can be used in any language that supports the functional programming style.

capriccio uses compiler transformations to implement linked stack frames; our application-level threads uses .rst-class closures to achieve the same effect.


Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored.

we present a language that not only allows updates but also consistent sanitization or synchronization.


INTRODUCTION Massive Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs) require enormous server clusters to enable thousands of players to interact within a common area of some virtual world, while maintaining the illusion of a .uent real-time game.

[2] T. Fischer, M. Daum, F. Irmert, N. C. P., and R. Lenz.


The evaluation in [2] shows an improvement of prediction precision for predictions of the following slot only.

on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, SECON, June 2010.


Thus, by exploiting node mobility PDI can resolve most queries locally without sending messages outside the radio coverage of the inquiring node.

qu er y(k ) PDI implements a pull model and does not advertise data yielding a substantial reduction of traffic over wireless links.


tent with the overhead reported in the literature for unprotected shadow call stacks (whose integrity could be subverted by attackers) [43].

similarly, other x86 instructions, such as those that read or write memory, may be executed through jumps into the middle of opcode byte sequences.


In other word, the problem can be converted to the wel -known travelling salesman problem5 (TSP) over G2.

nTRODUCTION I algorithms for addressing TSP.


In this subsection, we complement Theorem 1 by proving that using warp reorganization does not change the NP-completeness of the problem.

it uses clustering to further increase the opportunity for duplication saving.


2 record-sets were mismatched because of cataloging mistakes in the language code.

the model presented here allows starting from bibliographic records in any language.


Therefore, we focus on the comparison of the numerically stability of these codes for more than two erasures.

algorithmic fault tolerance using the lanczos method.


Throughout this paper, we make three assumptions: (1) SRT tasks are independent of each other and BE tasks, and the scheduling overhead is negligible.

when CBSi becomes idle  3.1 Increase U* by ui 3.2 Set speed to min{U = s} s.S 4.


Generally, this process has been detached from coding and the architecture speci.cation has been considered as a means to prescribe the structure of the code resulting from programming or eventually to generate a .rst skeleton of that code.

[28] N. Sangal, E. Jordan, V. Sinha, and D. Jackson.


Let R be a relational schema, I an instance of R and .

we say that an RDF graph G is consistent underOWL semanticsifa modelof G with respect totheOWLvocabularyexists(see[1]fora precise de.nitionofthe notion of model and the semantics ofOWL).


This would not only reduce the upgrade time, but also allow for an update procedure that eliminates the down-time of key services.

.ash memories cannot be reprogrammed one byte at a time.


Moreover, a careful look at the table suggests that the seven characteristics can be classified in two groups, the first group containing those characteristics to which more than half of the ET users strongly agree ( ET supports  creativity , ET makes  testing interesting and engaging , ET is  flexible ), and the second group containing those characteristics where the most frequent answer choice was a simple   agree ( ET is  easy to use , ET is  focused , ET is efficient ,   ET is  effective ).

this is interesting in so far, as it seems to indicate that for those ET users it is difficult to explain what ET actually is and how it could be distinguished from other approaches to testing.


3.2 explains the mapping of stream- ing interfaces in more detail.

stream- ing interfaces are hardly considered at all.


However, more thought is required to make this scheme really work: applying this idea naively leads to insuf.ciently expressive edit languages for structures like lists.

figure 2 illustrates another use of symmetric lenses.


They have di.erent levels of complexity in terms of implementation.

they are appropriate when an entirely new service is designed, implemented and deployed, but require a huge e.ort to manage change request.


We believe that this is a fruitful area for future research, one that would enhance our existing methods for assessing the .tness of evolving software.

it highlights the strong analogy between software and living, complex evolving systems.


Figure 1 contains the .rst committed .x.

detecting and correcting bad .xes as soon as possible is important for the quality and reliability of software.


To evaluate an expression (e.g., oldValue) at this point, the developer can enter the expression in the watch box and after a re-execution the result is available.

to apply the backward search strategy to locate defects, the developer .rst needs to know the origin of the wrong value.


For each set of the two aspects, the advice body of one aspect increments a counter while that of the other aspect records the current time.

arachne does not provide a pointcut designator for member accesses.


Since there are t di.erent messages in the communication protocol, the corresponding control-.ow state machine in the hand-written code is likely to have at least t states.

loop control: the loop control variable i in the above code is a local variable invisible to the outside of the loop.


Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for pro.t or commercial advantage, and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the .rst page.

apparently, no archive was made upon Packard s departure from the organization, and the repository was inadvertently not incorporated into the Nickle repository due to the problems with CVS discussed in Section 1.


There are two sources of imprecision in our methodology for C programs.

alternating sequences occur relatively often when variables toggle between two values.


Firstly, some pre-de.ned interesting events are identi.ed by our event identi.cation and annotation module and stored in MPEG-7 structured format.

gBSD based adaptation avoids complex video computation.


In MobiSys '08: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services (2008), 239-252.

a high positive value for Spearman means that two rankings are similar (or identical for a value of 1).


The solution of this .xpoint equation is: .

we develop a simple modeling framework to help answer these questions.


This universal client is the web browser and the various standards that allow browsers to run on almost any computing device.

when this Java code completes executing the application s business logic, it returns either success, to cause the output page to be returned to the client, or failure, to cause the input page to be re-displayed.


Just as assembly programming can result in faster code than that produced by compilers, we expect that Ypnos code will often be slower than that programmed manually by an expert.

there is no control over implementation properties such as the size of subgrid tiles, affecting execution time and memory requirements.


For the Dbench and Mogrify workloads, we evaluate Geiger both Workload w/o Journal Opt w/ Journal Opt without and with the optimizations to detect whether a block is live on disk.

allocation: Most modern operating systems allocate memory lazily.


Extensions to Fixed Priority with Preemption Threshold and Reservation-Based Scheduling.PhD thesis, Waterloo University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2005.

if all handlers are potentially self-suspending, The value N in the dynamic 1:N mapping becomes 1 in the worst case as each handler requires a single server, regardless of the number of priority levels in the system.


One reason is that many safety properties in our experiments were devised for checking performance, and are therefore not strictly required to hold in all programs.

eclipse uses Lucene [37] as its search engine; in Lucene, it is required that, before a Dir object is closed (by calling its close method), all the .le readers created by the Dir object should be closed.


Note that all vectors in this paper are column vectors but are sometimes written as row vectors for compactness.

in 1996, a release of the BlowFish cipher contained a buggy cast (from unsigned to signed characters) which threw away two thirds of the encryption-key in many cases.


PtrT ypeV als, we evaluate HasType(v, t) bottom up, as with the evaluation of Match.

our .eld-sensitive type safety assertion ensures that the .elds of two different types do not alias.


To improve the quality of validators, a common approach is to use manual testing.

automated test generators cannot generate test oracles in the absence of speci.cations, which are often not available in practice.


For example, comparing to the IBM s architecture the new autonomic manager also forms an intelligent control loop [1] over four distinct units namely: (1) monitor, (2) simulator, (3) decision maker and (4) executor.

towards an Autonomic Element Architecture for ASSL Emil Vassev, Joey Paquet Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1M8, Canada {i_vassev, paquet}@cse.concordia.ca  Abstract This article is an introduction to our research towards a new generic architecture model for autonomic elements.


Another approach aimed at improving their expressiveness is to build them externally and provide projectional editing.


Second, guest VMs may encounter additional protection faults, context switches and hypercalls (unshare in the case of Xen) as a result of writes to pages that are protected by the copy-onwrite mechanism.

the results in these tables present the characteristics of the workloads running inside the test VMs.


Such a speci.cation is in the spirit of the agent skeletons proposed in [7], where a skeleton captures the interaction aspect of an agent (with respect to that protocol).

in 3rd Int l Central and Eastern European Conference on Multiagent Systems (CEEMAS2003), (to be published).


Floating events have the possibility of being processed in the future when conditions provided by predicate figures are met.

although our approach has little in common with other approaches, our idea could help systems that utilize either of the two paradigms.


Like EScala, open modules avoid the problem of pointcut fragility by de.ning pointcuts only in terms of explicit references to functions and other pointcuts.

first, working with event types, Ptolemy and IIIA are more limited with respect to composing event abstractions.


This is important since techniques using a richer scale tend to be more time-consuming and complex to use.

this difference was calculated for each requirement and then the standard deviation, i.e.


The verification consists in checking whether a given set of classes together with their role in a given pattern do implement this pattern.

their use by instantiation, their enrichment by composition, and their extension by specialization, are all complicated operations requiring to be simplified by the introduction of new techniques and models.


It describes the effect of the statement this.f=p.

the composition of transformers for the aggregate domain can be broken into smaller composition problems of micro-transformers that apply to the sub-domains, and so on.


We can also consider combining code generation techniques with logic programming, as a speedup option for mature DSLs.

just like Yacc .les contain embedded C code, we wish to embed code in one DSL inside code in another DSL.


Some of them are IFPUG FPA (Function Point Analysis) [17], and COSMIC Function Points (CFP) [10], to name a few.

these four classes are not included in the CFP measure, but they are of course included in the implemented Code Size obtained by compiling the source code of the component.


General Terms Design, Reliability, Security, Standardization.

4.6 The URL Object Model  Finally, the Stones library provides a class to model a URL.


De.ning atomic execution primitives with a clean interface permits high-performance hardware implementations (Section 3).

our useofhardwareatomicityis focusedonhighsingle-threadperformance,andanyexecutionoverheadof theatomicregionwillreducethe bene.tof these optimizations.Wediscusstheimplications of simpli.ed implementations on our usage modelinSection 6.3.


Categories and Subject Descriptors D.2.11 [Software Engineering]: Software Architecture languages  General Terms Design, Documentation  Keywords reference architecture, architectural view, architectural description 1.

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The Correlation between Parallel Patterns and Multi-core Benchmarks Vivek L. Kale University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Computer Science Department 201 North Goodwin Avenue Room 4305 Urbana, IL 61801 01 217-244-2274 vivek@illinois.edu ABSTRACT Parallel Patterns can be thought of as standard solutions used to evaluate parallelism used in software.

one issue is that Java does not support many of numerically intensive calculations (at least not at present) as well as a language like C does.


When we discussed this scenario later on with other programmers, some speculations were voiced as to a possible reason, other than lack of attentiveness, for not using C&P. Some programmers spoke of a conscious choice, reporting that they do the same thing, especially if the code example is large.

after Chris left, Ben tried to send him an entire directory using the SCP utility (a command line software tool used to securely transfer computer files between local and remote hosts).


functions first/1 and last/1 return the .rst and last key of a table respectively.


), we believe that these results still provide strong evidence about the usefulness of Triage in helping programmers diagnose software failures.

we also report the whole backward slice results in the Triage report.


Meanwhile, the new segments will also be added into the new trail graph, that is, E .

it also is much less effective in other areas [3].


To investigate how effective the strongest features alone proved in identifying suspicious reviews, we applied the SVD scores aggregation methodbasedon subsets of the top3 and5featuresfrom Figure2.

the features employed by O Mahony & Smyth to identify helpful reviews have in.uenced the selection of the criteria described in Section3.


MOTIVATION AND APPROACH Generational copying garbage collection partitions the heap into age-based generations of objects, where age is measured in the amount of allocation (the accepted practice in the garbage collection literature).

about 9% of allocations of immortal objects are homogeneous enough to pretenure into the permanent space, and we allocate an additional 2% into the long lived space.


In addition, not all use cases may fit strictly into one defined role.

user Assistance for Complex Systems Robert Pierce Watson core technology IBM Corporation robertp@us.ibm.com  ABSTRACT There is much opportunity for innovation in the areas of design, development, and delivery of technical communication for systems of systems.


But as no contextual information has been taken into account, there was no possibility to distinguish between users or to build new user groups.

web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, (8):155 162, April 2010.


One approach is to adopt more powerful modelling approaches (e.g.

in GECCO 06: Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, pages 1901 1908, New York, NY, USA, 2006.


Communication between the two peers is based on WS/SOAP.

it uses the WSDL obtained from the platform server interface, in order to generate stub classes.


Also, they require ultimately the selection of a threshold to decide similarity.

we de.ne two binaries B1 and B2 to be provenance-similar if: (i) B1 and B2 have been compiled from the same (or very similar) source code; and (ii) B1 and B2 have been generated by closely related compilers (or the same compilers with di.erent compilation .ags).


Practice shows that errors of omission are much harder to spot and .x.

first, precision and recall are not symmetric measures from the analyst.s point of view.


The complete set of type judgments and rules is contained in Figure 6.

errors often occur in multithreaded programs because certain interleavings cause unexpected interactions between concurrent threads.


FraSCAla therefore provides a versatile and homogeneous approach to design the structural model of an ADL before deriving the associated language.

this task becomes even more critical when the complexity of the developed software increases or when the software addresses a speci.c domain.


for practical purposes we have not found that to be limiting in our experiments.


the new predicate indicates that thread t (chosen at line 3) should run until it attempts to access the memory (read from or write to an address), calls a function, or terminates.


The (partial) con.gurations mentioned in Sect.

performance: it is crucial to achieve low loading and response time, to let the user compare different combinations quickly.


Example Change Job from Electric 8.0.1 of the declarations of Jobs, we inserted these annotations in fewer than .fteen minutes using the Eclipse program editor.

the uses of re.ection we have encountered are so rare and so stylized that hand-checking them has been easy.


Our experiments with Splash-2 [56] and two Parsec [8] applications show that inter-core con.ict misses constitute nearly 51% of total L2 misses on average.

in the remainder of this discussion, we focus on node splitting.


These tasks were presented to .ve human test persons P1..5 (di.erent from the authors) to be solved in the eclipse IDE using AJDT excluding the visualiser, the Aspect Visualiser (AV), the query tool Lost, and Asbro.

moreover, it arranges the rectangles so that large rectangles (those with a high weight) are placed in the top left corner, while small rectangles (those with a low weight) are placed in the bottom right corner.


Some programming languages provide support for serializing objects in binary form and restoring them.

they de.ne a rough model of a software process and use XMI for representing data in a repository.


idation, due to poor calibration, transient failures, etc., the operator can con.gure the SensorNode to omit the offending sensor permanently.

6 LiteTDMA MACProtocol Wireless communicationsarethefocusofaWSNbecause they carry data and control signals among the nodes.


We compare the test results before and after steering and evaluate the precison and recall of our steering framework, contrasted against the general practice of not steering and a step-by-step .ltering mechanism (Section 5.4).

in fact, the success of steering at accounting for allowable nonconformance is somewhat misleading for this case example.


Debug all your code: Portable mixed-environment debugging.

.rst = PyList GetItem(pythons, 0); 7. printf( 1.


NSGA-II outperformed random search in finding solutions closer to the best Pareto front.

a decision about which among these portfolios will be undertaken by the company depends on the decision-makers willingness to accept more risk in exchange for more return.


We argue that the implicit constraints may quickly surpass what can be anticipated manually by a programmer.

[7] L. C. Briand, J. W. Daly, and J. W¨ ust.


We extended the visitor design pattern provided by Rodin to traverse the abstract syntax trees and generate Java code with the respective JML speci.cations.

additionally, the translation produces JML speci.cations so the code can be customised.


In their method, interval analysis is performed using an extension of the Bellman-Ford algorithm, where cycles of negative weight are identi.ed in order to perform a widening of the interval boundaries.

note that this modelling is also applied to instructions a.ecting the runtime stack such as PUSH, POP, CALL, and RET.


We apply this factor to a .le s co-changing .les.

our qualitativeanalysis of surprise defects and the feedback from the quality assurance manager clearly indicate that further work is needed to develop defect prediction into a practical tool.


the details of the case analysis are presented in Appendix A.


The type system of the calculus for nominal possibility consists of two mutually recursive judgments: one for typing expressions, and another one for typing closures.

introduction of new names into the computation intuitively corresponds to allocation of new memory cells, where the exact size of the allocated segment would depend on the type of the name.


This encoding is not di.cult to understand but at least tedious for programmers to write by hand, and is practically unfeasible.

as for the problem presented above, Garrigue [6] proposes using open recursion.


Statistical analysis of a very large corpus, drawn from a wide variety of application domains, indicates that use of these patterns is not random.

execution time is not improved for db, jack or compress.


Termination and con.uence by rule prioritization.

in this work, we take an additional step towards performing model-checking on a set of rules.


It is a hard task to assure communication correctness on an implementation level.

[17] P. Parizek, F. Plasil, and J. Kofron.


Ef.cient and general on-stack replacement for aggressive program specialization.

implementing the deoptimization strategy for type specialization using known techniques is not possible without modifying the underlying VM.


Data from event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging were used in order to assess whether amygdale activation in response to emotional stimuli alters with age [25].

the interaction with the system is getting closer to the one between two human beings enhancing thus its acceptance ratio [5].


Optimized Address Assignment for DSPs with SIMD Memory Accesses.

solutions not meeting the constraints will be assigned a lower .tness than others.


this : F s f Vm (Vx){return e;} : µ with µ = .. .. To be read: under the assumption that this has .elds F and methods s, the declaration of method m is well-typed with type µ .

f interface I extends I {S; } OK to be read: the declaration of the interface I is well-typed .


of CAV, LNCS 1102, p. 437 440, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1996.

if that happens, it might either restart the child or use another prede.ned strategy to recover from the problem.


c0, c1(i), c2(i) and c3(i) mean the sequential computation time between communication operations.

our prototype system, PHANTOM, is also a trace-driven simulator integrated with the representative replay.


Some graph data structures directly contain associated values with each node; others use external associative data structures to express these relationships.

instance declarations add a level of safety by forcing clients to think about whether their types model the required concepts at a semantic as well as a syntactic level.


The back-end reads the information from the front-end and instruments it into the pre-compiled base-level C++ source code that will be debugged.

the state of the system will never change because of an OCL expression, even though an OCL expres- sion can be used to specify such a state change (for example, in a post-condition).


The Content ID .eld contains a randomly generated 256-bit identi.er used to identify the metadata in the securityplane.

the location decoupling nature of the paradigm opens security issues related to the content authentication and integrity since there is no binding between published content and its providers.


The chance is to enrich metadata and protocol standards with EUD concepts, to ease the development of adaptable/tailorable systems.

the requirements EUD brings to SOA may require extending protocol and server structures of SOA standards.


Grounded Theory methodology, for example, was first conceived by Glasser and Strauss in 1967 [11].

s2S1E [G] / A Figure 1: state machine transition Figure 2 shows Umple code in which two attributes, one association and one state machine are declared.


People are flexible and intelligent, so they adapt to the prevailing circumstances.


The graphical notation mentioned above is adopted from [3, 11].

in RE 06: Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE 06), pages 205 215, Washington, DC, USA, 2006.


We choose the task that suits best according to our metric (Equation5 or6),executeitfor one timeslice,and appendittothe expired array.

3.4 Activity Unbalancing Multithreaded CPUs offer multiple logical processors that make use of the functional units of the same physical chip.


In unsafe languages, programmers have to take care of the application of fault tolerance techniques on their software components by themselves.

this isolation is established based on the logical separation of the object heaps and by maintaining a separate set of the static .elds in each domain.


Multiple layers of nam- ing may not be a bottleneck with a few or even tens of nodes, but the overhead becomes unreasonable with hundreds or thousands of nodes that vary in availability (due to movement and failures).

in-network aggregation shows qualitatively the same results in both evaluations (Section 6.1).


The model describes the main steps a reader undertakes during hypertext reading and understanding.

tHE MODEL The cognitive model to account for hypertext reading/ comprehension is presented and described in the following sections.


In DPL, this is ensured through the control mechanism which can be signalled so that the transformation engine will not create a match of an output pattern in the target model if the match is changed by the user and is annotated as protected.

the DPL-based approach enhances the usage of graph theory by allowing constraints on graphs and by a clear distinction between the concepts of typing, instance and constraints.


Then, we use another abstraction of social mechanisms for document synchronization, called epidemics algorithm or gossip protocols [5, 2].

all users have to be able to keep track of every modi.cation made to a document.


Moreover, Chaudhuri proposed a subcubic algorithm [8].

uni.cation-based pointer analysis with directional assignments.


node :: (Array a)=[x]-[Treeax]-Treeax node xs ts =(array xs,array ts) Recursive solution As for the other array creation functions we de.ne a generic version of array that is parametric in the underlying number system.

the introduction of mixed-radix number systems uni.ed and simpli.ed the implementation of the array creation functions.


Any modification to the application code or input data can therefore be immediately tested.

the potential for optimizations does exist.


There are several kinds of constraints that can be useful for associated types.

for instance: How can a constraint for a generic parameter be adapted to match existing code?


In the implementation of Lucid Platform 1.0, we employed group-per-ob ject multicasting allocation.

the idea behind these approaches is to decompose the space the objects occupy, so that we only need to detect collision between those pairs that are in the same or nearby clusters of the decomposition, thus to reduce the number of pair-wise comparisons.


Section 5 presents and discusses performance comparisons between lazy and traditional XSLT processors.

all JITs emphasize compilation speed at the expense of complex optimizations.


Keywords: Service, Web Service, Adaptability, Reusability, Aspect Oriented Programming, Service Oriented Architecture.

our solution especially aims to answer to the norms from the Web Service Architecture, which are described in the policies.


Discussion 5.1 Designing for Querying Optimised, .rst-class query support in programming languages should change the way programs are designed.

including r!=this means its result set differs by exactly one element for each robot, with this robot omitted in each case.


Related Work The idea of compositional veri.cation of temporal logic speci.cations, whether it is by manual proofs [13] or model checking [7], is not a new one.

such events can be explicitly modelled in the form of timeout events.


There exist similar projects both with a .xed algorithm as Mersenne [12], and where di.erent algorithms or challenges can be programmed [10].

when the replica running on host 3 crashes, the MAG recovery mechanism is executed and a new replica is created on host N and the Stable Storage is queried for the checkpoint.


Other iterations to step 3 of the above algorithm will further remove the layers, one per iteration, until it reaches to the top two layers wherein all interactions are identified.

the pure server layer and the one immediately above it.


When possible, our scheduler will make use of existing VMs to be reused for multiple types of (batch) jobs.

as summarized by Sempolinski and Thain [11], the overall function of these open-source systems is to manage the provisioning of virtual machines for implementing IaaS clouds.


(map toUpper) (++) Types: (a->[Char])->a->[Char] [b]->[b]->[b] This error message is surprisingly similar to the one given by the Glasgow Haskell compiler.

this limitation of type systems is not the subject of this paper.


In addition, server programs running in the CMP can handle more objects.


The timeframe for the students to complete the project was approximately 25 days with built-in due dates for each phase.

gersting[2] speci.ed .ve modi.cations that can be made in CS1 to introduce software engineering.


Example trust functions that fall into this category include [4] and Credence [5].

we call such an aggregation the opinion of c over s, or c s local trust of s. a reputation system can be modeled as a weighted directed graph G(V, E), where v .


Indeed, our notation for writing to an effect .eld, <- , is the same as Sawzall s. SGL provides local variables to store and access the results of intermediate computation.

furthermore, since there are no restrictions on what we do in the post-processing phase, we can include step (4), which may involve unsafe iteration.


Secondly, in MRSR phase, each sub task that aggregated by VM packing is merged in parallel.

parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, 2004.


The platform should support environmental context information collection,dissertation and processing in an well-formed way.

the obtained context infor- Figure 2: Hierarchical Context Treatments mation is then processed by ContextFusionProcess, and after the treatments, probe could obtain new and high-level context which is then updated into its ContextRepository.


It also supports selections in both textual and structural views.

therefore we need to give ExprF itself as type argument to ExprF.


pi ./dacl(e)} We now de.ne the safety of a pub-sub system based on nondeducibilityin De.nition1.

dACpolicies do not prohibit pi from knowing the truth of those types of events; that is, for every i: pi ./oacl(ui),pi .


Then the severity of an interference can be de.ned as the potential I/O performance improvement from the interference removal strategy, quanti.ed by the simulation results.

4.1 General Performance 4.1.1 Benchmark BTIO BTIO is an MPI program designed to solve the 3D compressible Navier-Stokes equations using MPI-IO library for its on-disk data access.


The usual approach is to seek CPOs and restrict to continuous functions; domain theory then has standard techniques for solving equations like those above.

(required equalities) where the left labels and their descriptions come from the context and s1 and the right labels and their descriptions come from s2.


If the weaving were to happen at compile time or deployment time, it would not be possible to handle policy changes dynamically.

there are no universally accepted standards in the terminology and notations used in AOCE by the various interested parties trying to use it.


Bebop: A symbolic model checker for boolean programs.

bOLT adopts a MapReduce-like strategy for parallelizing processing of reachability queries over multiple procedures in a top-down analysis.


3. reply count: Ranking according to reply count is to rank the users according to the numbers of threads users give replies to.


All of them are linear extensions of the partial order: a312b , a321b , a231b .

wOOT retains tombstones to record deleted characters.


If the original border-object is no longer in the pointing direction, the object immediately before the original border-object should be the new border-object.

the XPointer discussed so far is limited to pointing at a 3D object at any depth in the pointing direction, and incapable of pointing at a point in the 3D space.


RELATED WORK GP provides the notion of a Generative Domain Model (GDM) that we employed as the result of domain engineering in 4Compiler, a 4GL compiler.

languages such as query languages, report generators, graphics languages, decision-support languages, application generators, application languages and specification languages were categorized as 4GLs [7].


The class loader uses the bytecode engineering library [3] to redirect references to classes belonging to the simulation set to simulation stubs.

to eliminate these error messages and to compute the expected result, the programmer adds the following axioms: forallo:Object add(NewHashSet().state,o).retval (Axiom 7) ==true forallo:Object forall h:HashSet (Axiom 8) contains(add(h,o).state,o).retval==true The .rst axiom says that adding any object to a new hash set returns true.


Notice that because of an overhead of our approach (recording of the execution trace); the analysis is typically performed on relatively short program executions to identify performance deficiencies.

[21] Wagner T., Maverick V, Graham S., and Harrison M. "Accurate Static Estimator for Program Optimization", ACM SIGPLAN 94 (PLDI 94), 1994, pp.


Consider the scenario where the deadline for a job cannot be met.

rELATED WORK The proposed architecture is intended to manage network QoS, based on the status of a Grid system, and achieves this by means of applying autonomic scheduling.


INTRODUCTION Clock synchronizationis animportantfoundation of networked systems.

behavior of Clock-Sampling Mutual Network Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks Ereth McKnight-MacNeil Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1S 5B6 erethmm@sce.carleton.ca  ABSTRACT Clocksynchronizationisanimportantcomponentofwireless sensor networksbothfor co-ordination of node communications and for time stamping sensor data.


Since the subdomain decomposition and assignment is performed by the runtime, it is able to hold a high-level view of the entire domain.

in contrast to the previous two types, explicit-list based interactions do not depend on the spatial con.guration of the data points.


in e2[R.g]  3.2 CPS conversion CPS conversion is an optional phase of the compiler that converts the program to continuation-passing style.

the work presented in this paper took roughly one personweek of e.ort from concept to implementation, while the Java implementation took roughly three times as long.


Distinguishing between different types of relationships reinforces the generative nature of pattern languages, and supports the idea of using patterns to develop complete designs.

this multi-criterion classification is based on the original set of relationships (Zimmer 1994; Duyne et al., 2003; Yacoub and Ammar, 2003) used to classify the patterns proposed in (Gamma et al., 1995).


It is interesting to note that Ada, unlike Java, does not perform dynamic dispatching by default.

although these tools were developed for C programmers, Ada versions (Aflex and Ayacc) were developed at the University of California-Irvine [1].


4.3 Metadata Store and Repository Tool Implementation A Metadata Store is an implementation component system com- ponent offering at least one interface.

proceedings of the 32 "d Annual Hawaii International Conference On System Sciences, Maui, Hawaii, (CD-ROM) 9.


For instance, AspectML suggests a disable primitive to evaluate an expression without generating any join point.

however, this is clearly not the general case, and in addition, as argued in Section 2.1, the pattern is too strict.


Then we de.ne the cross-point as the minimum time scale where the burstiness of the client tra.c is lower than that of the corresponding server tra.c to determine the relative smoothness of the client tra.c.

the burstiness initially exhibits a falling trend when the time scales are small, but after a certain time scale with the lowest burstiness, a rising trend will appear.


After checking all occurrences of P1, the rareness value v(P1,P )/f(P1) is computed.

chronicler [25] uses inter-procedural analysis to .nd and detect violations of function precedence protocols.


whose kth bit is set to1 if f accesses (a data element from) .k; otherwise, it is set to 0 (note that all iterations in an iteration block access exactly the same set of data blocks).

without loss of generality, let us assume that T =  = < 11 ··· 110 ··· 0 >, (i.e., the .rst q entries are 1 and the rest are 0).


Also, recall that in Section 3, we identi.ed that such con.gurations lead to interesting analysis and pictures, so this fundamental limitation of the algorithm is noteworthy.

leveraging parallel computational resources to achieve scalable and well-performing visualization in this setting requires optimal parallelization strategies that adapt smartly to the widely varying characteristics of integral curve computation.


Because the role of the location changes in the middle of an assignment, it is not obvious how to hide one role under a procedural abstraction.


Journals of Gerontology Series B-Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences,., 52:274 283, 1997.

cONCLUSION Several studies have identi.ed ADAS that might be able to assist older drivers [10] [22], [38].


Finally, we found the minimum routable channel width for fully dynamic interconnect, static interconnect using our sharing algorithm, and static interconnect disallowing sharing.

padding a recurrence cycle could increase the II and decrease our throughput.


Compute the sum of the shares v = i=1 vi.

in addition, our scheme allows subscribers to verify that routing nodes perform the aggregation operation correctly.


Secure web application via automatic partitioning.

the templates usually di.er for each type of dynamically generated page.


For example, if a1,a2,a3,a4 and a5 are random inputs, the function a1 .

this would require that the TPM be an active device, whereas the current generation of TPMs are passive.


Fortunately, a lot of progress has been made here by at least two projects that we aim to introduce and evaluate their usefulness in the context of bringing together di.erent MOP frameworks.

jMetal The jMetal 4.5 framework7 , which was releaed in January 2014, is implemented by Antonio J. Nebro and Juan J. Durillo from the Universidad M´alaga.


We do not claim that our survey is exhaustive, but we believe the most representative intercession APIs are covered.

in the particular case of ECMAScript, we found this to be the simplest solution.


[2] I. Burcea, H. Jacobsen, E. Lara, V. Muthusamy, and M. Petrovic.

our approach is scalable and highly e.cient in terms of bandwidth and processing power usage.


This gives us the opportunity to analyze particular trends in a quantitative manner.

our conclusion is that the research area remains at the level of solution proposals.


3.4 Local State Distributed systems often keep local state across several rounds of messages and change their behavior based on the contents of the local state.

we are not aware of any fuzzer that optimizes towards anything similar to Trojan messages, so it would be dif.cult to obtain an unbiased comparison.


We captured the state of all global and in-scope local variables immediately before the change, then executed both blocks, and then compared their states upon exit.

their effectiveness is the same as that of retest-all.


closed, open for reading, or open for writing).