The last few years have seen a burst of interest in deep learning as a basis for modeling brain function [1]}, [2]}, [3]}, [4]}, [5]}. Deep learning has been studied for modeling numerous systems, including vision [6]}, [7]}, audition [8]}, motor control [9]}, [10]}, navigation [11]}, [12]} and cognitive control [13]}, [14]}.
This resurgence of interest in deep learning has been catalyzed by recent dramatic advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). Of particular relevance is progress in training deep learning systems using supervised learning – that is, explicitly providing the ‘correct answers’ during task training – on tasks such as image classification [15]}, [16]}.
