That quantum information can be processed reliably in the presence of noise is key achievement of quantum error correction [1]}, [2]}.
Given a logical circuit to be implemented, the idea is to redundantly encode the information content of the logical qubits into larger collections of physical qubits and perform computation on these collections.
If physical qubits of sufficient quality are available and if sufficiently precise operations and measurements can be performed on these qubits such that the noise strength remains below the threshold of the specific code used, then the logical quantum circuit can, in principle, be applied with arbitrarily high precision [3]}, [4]}, [5]}.
The study of these thresholds and the physical-qubit overheads associated with different error-correcting codes is an active area of research.
