Fourth, a significant amount of data is not available in any reusable form. Despite increasing emphasis on data sharing and reuse blue[1]}, many results are still reported without their underlying data. One contributing factor is the lack of domain-specific formats and databases for many types of data. Such shared infrastructure makes it easier for authors to share data and easier for other investigators to reuse it. In the absence of such infrastructure, authors often have little incentive to share data, and reviewers often have low expectations for data sharing. Furthermore, with notable exceptions for genetic and structural data, many journals still have porous guidelines that permit publication without sharing the underlying data.
