There are a number of THz-NOMA beamforming solutions in the literature. Simple approaches such as uniform beamforming minimize system energy consumption but are not efficient solutions at low user densities as energy can be wasted forming beams in no-user directions. A more advanced solution in [1]} first clusters users and then forms beams with appropriate directions and widths that suit the NOMA groups. In particular, the beamforming problem is jointly optimized with power and bandwidth allocation following user clustering to maximize system throughput.
