The principle of coherent superposition of waves plays important roles in many well-known phenomena, such as interference and diffraction.
In quantum mechanics, the superposition principle which is one of the fundamental nonclassical characteristics of quantum states, underlies many nonclassical properties of quantum mechanics including entanglement or coherence [1]}. Recently, resource theories of coherence have attracted a lot of attention [2]}, [3]}, [4]}.
Quantum coherence, which characterizes the quantumness and underpins quantum correlations in quantum systems, plays a key role in many novel quantum phenomena and has been identified as a quantum resource for quantum information processing [5]}, [6]}, [7]}, [8]}, [9]}. Quantum coherence also plays a strong role in biology systems [10]}, such as photosynthetic energy transport, the avian compass and sense of smell.
