Apart from rare exceptions [1]}, [2]}, [3]}, MoM is the only method used for characteristic mode decomposition. Despite the ease of using the system matrix approach to compute characteristic modes using MoM data [4]}, MoM can also be utilized in the calculation and decomposition of the scattering dyadic. The advantage of utilizing MoM in the scattering dyadic approach to characteristic modes is that it is independent of which MoM formulation, , EFIE, MFIE, CFIE, PMCHWT, or MLFMA [5]} is used, since only plane-wave scattering problems must be solved and no decomposition of system (impedance) operators is necessary.
