It has been shown in detail that the big bang singularity is generically replaced by a quantum bounce when the energy reaches its maximum \( \rho _c^{\scriptscriptstyle {\mathrm {I}}}\)  [1]}, [2]}, [3]}, [4]}, [5]},
where
\(&& \rho _c^{\scriptscriptstyle {\mathrm {I}}} \equiv \frac{\rho _c}{4(1+\gamma ^2)},\) 
