The Wizard-of-Oz (WOZ) framework [1]}, [2]}, [3]} offers a way to control and log human agent activity. WOZ was originally used to explore how human users might ultimately interact with an automatic dialog agent [4]}, and is nowadays also used to collect training data [5]}, [6]}, [7]}. WOZ interfaces are less-frequently placed in the hands of real-time human agents doing real tasks, producing MT-style data suitable for end-to-end training, with no intermediate annotations.
