Some systems have been known to demean or abuse their users.
It is also well known that machine learning systems reflect the biases and toxic content of the data they are trained on [1]}, [2]}.
Privacy is another crucial ethical issue.
Data containing pii may fall into the wrong hands and cause security threat to those concerned.
It is important to have systems designed such that they are robust to such unsafe or harmful attacks.
Attempts are being made with debiasing techniques to address some of these challenges [3]}.
Privacy concerns are also being addressed through anonymisation techniques [4]}, [2]}.
Balancing the features of chatbots with ethical considerations can be a delicate and challenging work.
For example, there is contention in some quarters whether using female voices in some technologies/devices is appropriate.
Then again, one may wonder if there is anything harmful about that.
This is because it seems to be widely accepted that the proportion of chatbots designed as “female” is larger than the those designed as “male”.
In a survey of 1,375 chatbots, from automatically crawling chatbots.org, maedche2020gender found that most were female.
