Quantum phase transition (QPT) is a transition between different quantum phases accompanied by a qualitative change in the ground state of many-body correlated systems driven by a small variation in the external fields [1]}. Traditionally, quantum phase transitions are characterized by spontaneous symmetry breaking in the Landau paradigm of phase transitions, which is based on the concept of local order parameters [2]}. A well known example of the traditional phase transition is the ferromagnet–paramagnet transition in spin systems, of which the magnetization serves as a local order parameter for the magnetic order. Over the last few decades, some striking examples of quantum phases which falls beyond the symmetry description have been discovered [3]}. Such phases, known as the topological phases, cannot be characterized by local order parameters and long-range correlations used in the Landau symmetry breaking theory [4]}. A first example of topological phases is the Haldane phase of odd-integer spin chain [5]}, [6]}, which is characterized by a double degeneracy of the entanglement spectrum [7]}.
