We used a within-subjects study design where participants were asked to imagine they were at a train station. Tasks were then completed on both a touchscreen and LMC using on-screen point-and-push. To prevent step memorisation, the tasks in the two conditions differed slightly.
The order of the touch and non-touch conditions was randomised between participants and tasks were ordered so they increased in difficulty (Table REF ).
The system recorded an activity log for each participant and after completing each condition, participants were asked to fill out the System and Gesture Usability Scale surveys [1]}, [2]} (SUS/GUS). After both conditions, they also filled out demographics, interface preference, and overall system feedback questions. Finally, we provided information about the cleanliness of the screen and asked for their preference again.
