where, \(F\)  is the adaptive potential and \(\nabla F\)  is the corresponding adaptive force, reflecting the combined impact of natural selection and mutations during evolution. \({\text{d}}{\bf W}\)  is a differential that the reflects the stochastic effect of genetic drift by a multi-dimensional Wiener noise process [1]}. The amplitude of the noise is proportional to \(\Sigma \) , which is the square root of the covariance matrix (i.e., \(\Sigma ^\top \Sigma \equiv K\) ), scaled by the effective population size \(N\)  that adjusts the overall strength of the noise (see Appendix  for details).
