
Specifically, the transfer function is obtained by applying the Laplace transform to the state equation with \(x(0)=0\) . In this formulation, \(\mu \)  is the Laplace variable; see [1]}, [2]}, [3]}. The vector \(b \in ^n\)  is the external force, \(x(t) \in ^n\)  is the state vector, \(v(t)\)  is the input, \(y(t)\)  is the output and \(\tau > 0\)  is the delay. Without loss of generality, we set \(\tau = 1\)  and assume the entire state is the output, i.e. \(C=I \in ^{n \times n}\) .
