Fraction of missing information (FMI) [1]} for the estimates of association between ethnicity and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes diagnoses was 0.132 (Monte Carlo standard error (MCSE) \(=0.003\) ); 0.193 (MCSE \(= 0.05\) ); 0.230 (MCSE \(= 0.066\) ) for Asian, Black, and Mixed/Other ethnic group, respectively in standard MI. The corresponding quantities for these three groups in calibrated-\(\delta \)  adjustment MI are 0.283 (MCSE \(=0.052\) ); 0.245 (MCSE \(=0.045\) ); 0.327 (MCSE \(=0.051\) ). Calibrated-\(\delta \)  adjustment MI appears to have higher FMI compared to standard MI. This could be explained by the fact that non-White ethnic groups, which are under-represented in the observed data, are imputed more often in calibrated-\(\delta \)  adjustment MI than in standard MI. Therefore, the between-imputation variance relies on more imputed values in the non-White ethnic groups and less frequently imputed values in the White group, which leads to the non-White proportion estimates being more variable across the completed datasets.
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