Participating in a commitment can be quite costly and that might discourage players to join the commitment in the first place. We hypothesised that by spending part of the per capita budget to incentivise participation before the interaction, higher levels of compliance and cooperation might be achievable. Indeed, we have shown that the larger the cost of participation (\(\epsilon \) ) is, the greater fraction of this budget should to be used for encouraging participation to achieve an optimal level of cooperation. This observation confirms the importance of studying incentives in models considering an explicit process of commitment formation, which has been omitted in extant models of institutional incentives [1]}, [2]}, [3]}, [4]}, [5]}, [6]}. These works have not considered commitment-based interactions nor incentives for encouraging participation in the interaction (and its impact on the overall cooperation).
