A closely related object is the pseudo-circle. The pseudo-circle was first described by Bing [1]} in 1951. All its proper subcontinua are pseudo-arcs, but in contrast to the pseudo-arc, the pseudo-circle is not homogenous [2]}, [3]}. It is characterized in [4]}, [5]} as the unique planar hereditarily indecomposable circle-like continuum which separates the plane into two components.
