The first group evaluated the CCAA with 23 scalable proof problems in 30 dimensions and 10 problems with fixed dimensions. The results are compared with 7 other recently published meta-heuristics, namely, the CPSO [1]}, the gray wolf optimizer (GWO) [2]}, the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) [3]}, the mayfly optimization algorithm (MA) [4]}, the adaptive logarithmic spiral-Levy firefly algorithm (ADIFA) [5]}, the double adaptive random spare reinforced whale optimization algorithm [6]}, and the modified sine cosine algorithm (MSCA) [7]}. The test problems used have been widely utilized to validate the performances of various algorithms [7]} [4]} [6]} [5]}. Most of the codes for these algorithms were taken from the sites noted in the references, so these are mostly implementations made by the same authors of the indicated papers, which provide a more objective comparison between algorithms. The only algorithm implemented was the MSCA, for which the original SCA code was taken and modified following the instructions published in [7]}.
