As compared to potential models using finite fermion (quark) masses
(see e.g. ref. [1]}), we obtain significantly more
states, bound states in \(V_{2g}(r)\)  and in \(V_{3g}(r)\) . The
solutions in table 1 correspond only to the 1s level in \(V_{3g}(r)\) ,
in addition there are Ns levels with N=2, 3, ... Most of
these states, however, have a relatively small mass far below 3
GeV. As the boson-exchange potential is Coulomb like, it creates
a continuum of Ns levels with masses, which range down to the threshold
region. This is consistent with the average energy \(\tilde{E}\)  of
scalar excitations in table 2, which increases much less for heavier systems as
compared to the energy of the 1s-state. These low energy states give
rise to large phase shifts at low energies, in particular large scalar
phase shifts.
