The AoI has also been applied to different network models as a performance metric for various communication systems that deal with time-sensitive information,
e.g., cellular wireless networks [1]}, [2]}, [3]}, [4]}, source nodes powered by energy harvesting [5]}, [6]}, [7]}, [8]}, [9]}, [10]}, [11]}, wireless erasure networks and coding [12]}, [13]}, [14]}, [15]}, [16]}, scheduling in networks [17]}, [18]}, [19]}, [20]}, [21]}, [22]}, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication
systems [23]}, [24]}, [25]}, and multi-hop networks [26]}, [27]}, [28]}, [29]}. In particular, the goal of this line of research is to identify the characteristics of the optimal policies that minimize the average AoI.
Another age-related metric of peak AoI was also introduced in [30]}, which corresponds to the age of information at the monitor right before the receipt of the next update.
The average peak AoI minimization in IoT networks and wireless systems was considered in [31]}, [32]}, [33]}, [34]}, [35]}.
