The second competitor we consider is COLA [1]}, implemented with L-PICOLA [2]}. The COLA method is a fast approximation for solving the N-body equations of motion using tens, rather than thousands of integration time steps. Although the COLA method is fast, it produces inaccurate results on small scales. Comparing with COLA gives us a basis for assessing the gains in accuracy from implementing a CNN to predict the outcomes of simulations rather than using approximate N-body solvers. Below we present results from the predictions of our SNN emulator, and compare the with the full N-body simulations, the FNN, and COLA.
