The nonideal MHD terms significantly affect the MHD evolution of protostellar collapse and protoplanetary disks for resistivities larger than \(\approx 10^{18}\)  cm\(^{2}\)  s\(^{-1}\) . Nonideal MHD terms are then important at all densities before thermal ionization starts (except the Ohmic diffusion at a low density). At this point, the abundance of charged species in the gas significantly increases, leading to a sharp decrease in all resistivities. The overall behavior is consistent with previous works [1]}, [2]}, [3]}, [4]}.
