Typically \(B\)  is a sum of Pauli-x operators acting on each qubit, however, other mixers have been considered [1]}, [2]}. The QAOA ansatz applied \(p\)  times to \({\left| s \right\rangle }\)  is denoted \(p\) -QAOA. The result of \(p\) -QAOA is
\({\left| \gamma ,\beta  \right\rangle }=U(\beta _p, B)U(\gamma _p,C) \ldots U(\beta _1, B)U(\gamma _1,C){\left| s \right\rangle },\) 
