Causality. Although there exist several different frameworks for causal reasoning as well as some on-going philosophical debate [1]}, [2]}, [3]}, [4]}, [5]}, [6]}, [7]}, [8]}, [9]}, [10]}, [11]}, [12]}, the most widely adopted notion of causality in computer science is given by the structural causal model (SCM), introduced in the early 20th century [13]} and now championed by Judea Pearl. These SCMs are the main topic of study in causality. They are used for identification, problem formulation, and reasoning.
