Recently, the transceiver hardware impairments (HWIs) were considered in [1]}, [2]}, [3]}, [4]}. Specifically, in [1]}, the authors focused on an RIS-assisted multi-antenna communication system with transceiver HWIs, and designed the transmit and reflecting beamforming. In [2]}, an RIS-aided communication system was studied based on the imperfect hardware, where the authors derived the spectral efficiency by considering imperfect CSI and presented a general methodology for the RIS's reflecting beamforming (RB) optimization. In [3]}, the authors derived the optimal receive combining and transmit beamforming vectors, and provided the analytical upper and lower bounds on the maximal energy efficiency. In [4]}, the authors derived the closed-form expression of the average achievable rate with HWIs.
