In work and in play, some of the most difficult or even unsolvable problems can be formulated by using a fairly small set of rules. Indeed, even when the rules of the game are simple, the state space of all possible configurations can be extremely large, way too large for a human brain or a deterministic algorithm to identify a given configuration and tell where in a big scheme of things it belongs. This is precisely the domain where machine learning and artificial intelligence hold a consistent record of winning the game, growing stronger each year and outperforming the best chess grand masters [1]} and go players [2]}, [3]}.
