Many studies have reached the conclusion that superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), i.e., core collapse supernovae (CCSNe) with peak r-band magnitude of \(M_{\rm r} < -20\) , and luminous supernovae (LSNe) that are CCSNe with \(M_{\rm r} =-19\)  to \(-20\)  (see [1]} for definitions), contain an extra energy source or another ingredient in addition to the explosion itself. We can distinguish between two classes of explanations.
