The places where cells are being identified as outliers in the two models are also different; see Figure REF . As a result, cleaning the ABM data does not affect pattern quantification, and we only do this to apply the same set of steps to both models: McGuirl et al. [1]} showed that persistent homology can be applied to quantify the ABM [2]} without any cleaning. This is because the ABM does not produce interstripe cells in stripe regions and vice versa; instead, as we show in Figures REF (a)–(c), the “outliers" removed from ABM patterns tend to be cells at the upper and lower domain boundaries. In comparison, cleaning the CA data allows us to remove stray cells that occur between stripes and interstripes; see Figures REF (d)–(i). Without this cleaning, the presence of outlier cells in CA patterns makes interpreting topological summaries difficult in Step 3 (§REF ). It is also worth noting that our initial cleaning does not account for the presence of \(X^\text{d}\)  spots (see, for example, Figure REF (h)) in some CA stripes; these spots have high enough local density that they are not identified as outliers, and we return to handling these pattern features in Step 4 (§REF ).
