Understanding the behaviour of a quantum system under the continuous influence of its environment is of prime importance to a wide variety of research areas, ranging from fundamental questions about the quantum-to-classical transition [1]} [2]} [3]}, to the creation and operation of emerging quantum technologies [4]}. In particular, modelling the effects of decoherence by the environment is of vital importance in the design of these new technologies, where the loss of coherence between states is often a limiting factor [5]}. However, the macroscopic number of degrees of freedom of any physically reasonable environmental model results in analytically intractable models for the interactions, and so these must be treated approximately. Typically, a master equation is used, where the effects of a large class of environmental models, such as those obeying the Born and Markov approximations, can be incorporated on general principles by the addition of terms of Lindblad form [6]}.
