The neuron activation is based off of the Izhikevich neuron ([1]}), which is a variant of the quadratic integrate and fire model; it is able to reproduce many behaviors seen by neurons in vivo, except is more computationally efficient than more complex models such as Hodgkin-Huxley ([2]}). Specific neurotransmitter conductances are not modeled explicitly. At each time-step, the voltages for each neuron at each layer are updated according to the following equations:
\(v^{\prime } = 0.04v^2 +5v + 140 - u + I_{syn} \\\) 
\(u^{\prime } = a(bv - u)\) 
