Metamaterials, composed of subwavelength periodic or nonperiodic geometric arrays, have attracted widespread attention due to their peculiar assets to modify the permittivity and permeability [1]}, [2]}, [3]}, [4]}, [5]}. Recently, many novel functionalities have been implemented by metamaterials and their 2D counterpart, metasurfaces, such as intelligent surfaces for communication[6]}, [7]}, real-time wavefront manipulation[8]}, [9]}, [10]}, [11]}, perfect absorption[12]}, [13]}, and machine learning metasurface design[14]}, [15]}.
