"The red berries of a weed found in the southern United States contain an compound that can disarm a deadly superbug according to research published Friday. Researchers from Emory University and the University of Iowa found that extracts from the Brazilian peppertree which traditional healers in the Amazon have used for hundreds of years to treat skin and softtissue infections have the power to stop methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA infections in mice. The study was published in Natures Scientific Reports. http Cassandra Quave an Emory University scientist who studies how indigenous people use plants in healing practices said researchers pulled apart the chemical ingredients of the berries and tested them in mice infected with these superbug strains. The mice got injections containing the bacteria with or without the plant extracts. Those that didnt receive the extracts developed skin lesions. But in the other mice the extracts  a mixture of  chemicals  prevented skin lesions from forming.  Instead of destroying the bacteria the ingredients in the fruit weakened the bacteria by preventing them from producing the toxins it uses as weapons to damage tissue. The extracts from the fruit repress a gene that allows the bacterial cells to communicate with one another. It weakens the bacteria so the mouses own defenses work better to clear the infection she said. The plant extracts didnt harm the skin tissues or the normal healthy bacteria found on skin. The discovery may hold the potential for new ways to treat and prevent antimicrobialresistant infections an enormous global problem that was the focus of a rare highlevel United Nations summit https_term.beaaad last fall. MRSA has become a serious threat to human health in  it was responsible for more than  invasive infections and more than  deaths in the United States according to federal statistics. Antimicrobial resistance refers to infections that have evolved the ability to withstand drugs that ought to stop them. The medicines include antibiotics which act on bacteria as well as drugs to fight fungal https viral or parasitic infections. Fighting bacteria with drugs designed to kill them helps fuel the problem of antibiotic resistance if stronger bacteria can survive and evolve to become superbugs.  But instead of always setting a bomb off to kill an infection there are situations where using an antivirulence method may be just as effective while also helping to restore balance to the health of the patient said Quave.  Researchers say the red berries of this weedy species the Brazilian peppertree contain an extract that can disarm a deadly superbug. Photo Emory University  Plants have been used repeatedly in traditional medicine over the centuries and knowledge about their use is passed down from generation to generation which points to their efficacy she said.  People dont save that knowledge over centuries if something doesnt work she said. Were trying to answer the question Does this work against bacteria and how does it work and is it safe to use The Brazilian peppertree a shrubby tree native to South America is an invasive species throughout the southern United States particularly in Florida where its sometimes called the Florida holly or broadleaf peppertree and is considered a noxious weed. The woody plant has long been a staple in Brazilian traditional medicine. Its leaves and bark are used to treat wounds ulcers burns and skin infections Quave said.  Less is known about the plants fruit which was used traditionally as topical poultices for infected wounds and ulcers. From an ecological standpoint Quave said it makes sense that invasive weeds have a chemical advantage that may help protect them from diseases so they can spread more easily in a new environment. But she said the average person shouldnt try to use the weed to make their own medicine. Not everything that is natural is safe she said. Her lab at Emory is doing additional research to confirm the safest and most effective way of using the plant extract. Researchers would still need to conduct preclinical trials to test its medicinal benefits."