#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#pragma GCC optimize("O3")
#pragma GCC optimize("Ofast")
#pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops")
#pragma GCC target("sse,sse2,sse3,ssse3,sse4,popcnt,abm,mmx,avx,tune=native")
using namespace std;
namespace debug {
template <class c>
struct rge {
  c b, e;
};
template <class c>
rge<c> range(c i, c j) {
  return rge<c>{i, j};
}
template <class c>
char elo(...);
template <class c>
auto elo(c* a) -> decltype(cerr << *a, 0);
struct stream {
  ~stream() { cerr << endl; }
  template <class c>
  typename enable_if<sizeof elo<c>(0) != 1, stream&>::type operator<<(c i) {
    cerr << boolalpha << i;
    return *this;
  }
  template <class c>
  typename enable_if<sizeof elo<c>(0) == 1, stream&>::type operator<<(c i) {
    return *this << range(begin(i), end(i));
  }
  template <class a, class b>
  stream& operator<<(pair<a, b> p) {
    return *this << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")";
  }
  template <class c>
  stream& operator<<(rge<c> d) {
    *this << "[";
    for (auto it = d.b; it != d.e; it++) *this << ", " + 2 * (it == d.b) << *it;
    return *this << "]";
  }
  stream& _dbg(const string& s, int i, int b) {}
  template <class c, class... cs>
  stream& _dbg(const string& s, int i, int b, c arg, cs... args) {
    if (i == s.size()) return (*this << ": " << arg << "");
    b += (s[i] == '(') + (s[i] == '[') + (s[i] == '{');
    b -= (s[i] == ')') + (s[i] == ']') + (s[i] == '}');
    if (s[i] == ',' && b == 0)
      return (*this << ": " << arg << "     ")._dbg(s, i + 1, b, args...);
    return (s[i] == ' ' ? *this : *this << s[i])
        ._dbg(s, i + 1, b, arg, args...);
  }
};
}  // namespace debug
template <class p, class q>
pair<p, q> operator-(pair<p, q> a, pair<p, q> b) {
  return make_pair(a.first - b.first, a.second - b.second);
}
template <class p, class q>
pair<p, q> operator+(pair<p, q> a, pair<p, q> b) {
  return make_pair(a.first + b.first, a.second + b.second);
}
template <class p, class q>
void umin(p& a, const q& b) {
  if (a > b) a = b;
}
template <class p, class q>
void umax(p& a, const q& b) {
  if (a < b) a = b;
}
using lf = long double;
using ll = long long;
using cll = const ll;
using cint = const int;
using pll = pair<ll, ll>;
using pii = pair<int, int>;
using piii = pair<pair<int, int>, int>;
const int inf = 1000000005;
const int mod = 998244353;
const int N = 200005;
int n, m, i, j;
vector<int> e[2][N];
unordered_map<int, int> dis[N];
pair<int, int> out;
priority_queue<piii, vector<piii>, greater<piii> > Q;
int vis[2][N];
int main() {
  scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
  while (m--) {
    int a, b;
    scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);
    e[0][a].push_back(b);
    e[1][b].push_back(a);
  }
  dis[0][1] = 0;
  Q.push({{0, 0}, 1});
  out = {inf, inf};
  for (i = 0; i <= n; i++) vis[0][i] = vis[1][i] = inf;
  while (!Q.empty()) {
    piii p = Q.top();
    Q.pop();
    int u = p.second;
    int d1 = p.first.first;
    int d2 = p.first.second;
    umin(vis[d1 % 2][u], d1);
    if (dis[d1][u] != d2) continue;
    if (u == n) {
      if (out.first <= 25 && d1 <= 25) {
        if ((1 << out.first) - 1 + out.second > (1 << d1) - 1 + d2)
          out = {d1, d2};
      } else
        out = min(out, {d1, d2});
    }
    for (int v : e[d1 % 2][u])
      if (dis[d1].find(v) == dis[d1].end() || dis[d1][v] > dis[d1][u] + 1) {
        dis[d1][v] = dis[d1][u] + 1;
        Q.push({{d1, dis[d1][v]}, v});
      }
    if (d1 == 0) {
      dis[d1 + 1][u] = dis[d1][u];
      Q.push({{d1 + 1, dis[d1][u]}, u});
    } else {
      if (d1 <= 24) {
        dis[d1 + 1][u] = dis[d1][u];
        Q.push({{d1 + 1, dis[d1][u]}, u});
      } else if (vis[(d1 + 1) % 2][u] == inf) {
        dis[d1 + 1][u] = dis[d1][u];
        Q.push({{d1 + 1, dis[d1][u]}, u});
      }
    }
  }
  int res = 1;
  while (out.first--) (res += res) %= mod;
  res -= 1;
  res += out.second;
  res %= mod;
  res += mod;
  res %= mod;
  printf("%d\n", res);
  return 0;
}

### Prompt

Develop a solution in CPP to the problem described below:

You are given a directed graph of n vertices and m edges. Vertices are numbered from 1 to n. There is a token in vertex 1.

The following actions are allowed: 

  * Token movement. To move the token from vertex u to vertex v if there is an edge u → v in the graph. This action takes 1 second. 
  * Graph transposition. To transpose all the edges in the graph: replace each edge u → v by an edge v → u. This action takes increasingly more time: k-th transposition takes 2^{k-1} seconds, i.e. the first transposition takes 1 second, the second one takes 2 seconds, the third one takes 4 seconds, and so on. 



The goal is to move the token from vertex 1 to vertex n in the shortest possible time. Print this time modulo 998 244 353.

Input

The first line of input contains two integers n, m (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 200 000).

The next m lines contain two integers each: u, v (1 ≤ u, v ≤ n; u ≠ v), which represent the edges of the graph. It is guaranteed that all ordered pairs (u, v) are distinct.

It is guaranteed that it is possible to move the token from vertex 1 to vertex n using the actions above.

Output

Print one integer: the minimum required time modulo 998 244 353.

Examples

Input


4 4
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 1


Output


2


Input


4 3
2 1
2 3
4 3


Output


10

Note

The first example can be solved by transposing the graph and moving the token to vertex 4, taking 2 seconds.

The best way to solve the second example is the following: transpose the graph, move the token to vertex 2, transpose the graph again, move the token to vertex 3, transpose the graph once more and move the token to vertex 4.

### Response

```cpp
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#pragma GCC optimize("O3")
#pragma GCC optimize("Ofast")
#pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops")
#pragma GCC target("sse,sse2,sse3,ssse3,sse4,popcnt,abm,mmx,avx,tune=native")
using namespace std;
namespace debug {
template <class c>
struct rge {
  c b, e;
};
template <class c>
rge<c> range(c i, c j) {
  return rge<c>{i, j};
}
template <class c>
char elo(...);
template <class c>
auto elo(c* a) -> decltype(cerr << *a, 0);
struct stream {
  ~stream() { cerr << endl; }
  template <class c>
  typename enable_if<sizeof elo<c>(0) != 1, stream&>::type operator<<(c i) {
    cerr << boolalpha << i;
    return *this;
  }
  template <class c>
  typename enable_if<sizeof elo<c>(0) == 1, stream&>::type operator<<(c i) {
    return *this << range(begin(i), end(i));
  }
  template <class a, class b>
  stream& operator<<(pair<a, b> p) {
    return *this << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")";
  }
  template <class c>
  stream& operator<<(rge<c> d) {
    *this << "[";
    for (auto it = d.b; it != d.e; it++) *this << ", " + 2 * (it == d.b) << *it;
    return *this << "]";
  }
  stream& _dbg(const string& s, int i, int b) {}
  template <class c, class... cs>
  stream& _dbg(const string& s, int i, int b, c arg, cs... args) {
    if (i == s.size()) return (*this << ": " << arg << "");
    b += (s[i] == '(') + (s[i] == '[') + (s[i] == '{');
    b -= (s[i] == ')') + (s[i] == ']') + (s[i] == '}');
    if (s[i] == ',' && b == 0)
      return (*this << ": " << arg << "     ")._dbg(s, i + 1, b, args...);
    return (s[i] == ' ' ? *this : *this << s[i])
        ._dbg(s, i + 1, b, arg, args...);
  }
};
}  // namespace debug
template <class p, class q>
pair<p, q> operator-(pair<p, q> a, pair<p, q> b) {
  return make_pair(a.first - b.first, a.second - b.second);
}
template <class p, class q>
pair<p, q> operator+(pair<p, q> a, pair<p, q> b) {
  return make_pair(a.first + b.first, a.second + b.second);
}
template <class p, class q>
void umin(p& a, const q& b) {
  if (a > b) a = b;
}
template <class p, class q>
void umax(p& a, const q& b) {
  if (a < b) a = b;
}
using lf = long double;
using ll = long long;
using cll = const ll;
using cint = const int;
using pll = pair<ll, ll>;
using pii = pair<int, int>;
using piii = pair<pair<int, int>, int>;
const int inf = 1000000005;
const int mod = 998244353;
const int N = 200005;
int n, m, i, j;
vector<int> e[2][N];
unordered_map<int, int> dis[N];
pair<int, int> out;
priority_queue<piii, vector<piii>, greater<piii> > Q;
int vis[2][N];
int main() {
  scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
  while (m--) {
    int a, b;
    scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);
    e[0][a].push_back(b);
    e[1][b].push_back(a);
  }
  dis[0][1] = 0;
  Q.push({{0, 0}, 1});
  out = {inf, inf};
  for (i = 0; i <= n; i++) vis[0][i] = vis[1][i] = inf;
  while (!Q.empty()) {
    piii p = Q.top();
    Q.pop();
    int u = p.second;
    int d1 = p.first.first;
    int d2 = p.first.second;
    umin(vis[d1 % 2][u], d1);
    if (dis[d1][u] != d2) continue;
    if (u == n) {
      if (out.first <= 25 && d1 <= 25) {
        if ((1 << out.first) - 1 + out.second > (1 << d1) - 1 + d2)
          out = {d1, d2};
      } else
        out = min(out, {d1, d2});
    }
    for (int v : e[d1 % 2][u])
      if (dis[d1].find(v) == dis[d1].end() || dis[d1][v] > dis[d1][u] + 1) {
        dis[d1][v] = dis[d1][u] + 1;
        Q.push({{d1, dis[d1][v]}, v});
      }
    if (d1 == 0) {
      dis[d1 + 1][u] = dis[d1][u];
      Q.push({{d1 + 1, dis[d1][u]}, u});
    } else {
      if (d1 <= 24) {
        dis[d1 + 1][u] = dis[d1][u];
        Q.push({{d1 + 1, dis[d1][u]}, u});
      } else if (vis[(d1 + 1) % 2][u] == inf) {
        dis[d1 + 1][u] = dis[d1][u];
        Q.push({{d1 + 1, dis[d1][u]}, u});
      }
    }
  }
  int res = 1;
  while (out.first--) (res += res) %= mod;
  res -= 1;
  res += out.second;
  res %= mod;
  res += mod;
  res %= mod;
  printf("%d\n", res);
  return 0;
}

```