#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <deque>
#include <tuple>
#include <queue>
#include <functional>
#include <cmath>
#include <iomanip>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <numeric>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <complex>
#include <iterator>
#include <array>
//cin.sync_with_stdio(false);
//streambuf
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef long double ld;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
typedef pair<ll, ll> pll;
typedef pair<double, double> pdd;
using vi = vector<int>;
using vll = vector<ll>;
using vpii = vector<pii>;
using ti3 = tuple<int, int, int>;
using vti3 = vector<ti3>;
template<class T, int s>using va = vector<array<T, s>>;
template<class T, class T2> using umap = unordered_map<T, T2>;
template<class T> using uset = unordered_set<T>;
template<class T, class S> void cmin(T &a, const S&&b) { if (a > b)a = b; }
template<class T, class S> void cmax(T &a, const S&&b) { if (a < b)a = b; }
#define ALL(a) a.begin(),a.end()
#define rep(i,a) for(int i=0;i<a;i++)
#define rep1(i,a) for(int i=1;i<=a;i++)
const ll mod = 1000000007;
#ifndef INT_MAX
const int INT_MAX = numeric_limits<signed>().max();
#endif
template<class T>using heap = priority_queue<T, vector<T>, greater<T>>;
template<class T>using pque = priority_queue<T, vector<T>, function<T(T, T)>>;
template <class T>
inline void hash_combine(size_t & seed, const T & v) {
	hash<T> hasher;
	seed ^= hasher(v) + 0x9e3779b9 + (seed << 6) + (seed >> 2);
}
namespace std {

	template<typename S, typename T> struct hash<pair<S, T>> {
		inline size_t operator()(const pair<S, T> & v) const {
			size_t seed = 0;
			hash_combine(seed, v.first);
			hash_combine(seed, v.second);
			return seed;
		}
	};
	// Recursive template code derived from Matthieu M.
	template <class Tuple, size_t Index = std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - 1>
	struct HashValueImpl
	{
		static void apply(size_t& seed, Tuple const& tuple)
		{
			HashValueImpl<Tuple, Index - 1>::apply(seed, tuple);
			hash_combine(seed, std::get<Index>(tuple));
		}
	};

	template <class Tuple>
	struct HashValueImpl<Tuple, 0>
	{
		static void apply(size_t& seed, Tuple const& tuple)
		{
			hash_combine(seed, std::get<0>(tuple));
		}
	};

	template <typename ... TT>
	struct hash<std::tuple<TT...>>
	{
		size_t
			operator()(std::tuple<TT...> const& tt) const
		{
			size_t seed = 0;
			HashValueImpl<std::tuple<TT...> >::apply(seed, tt);
			return seed;
		}

	};
}
ull pow(ull base, ull i, ull mod) {
	ull a = 1;
	while (i) {
		if (i & 1) {
			a *= base;
			a %= mod;
		}
		base *= base;
		base %= mod;
		i /= 2;
	}
	return a;
}
class unionfind {
	vector<int> par, rank, size_;//????????§??????????????¢???????????????????????????rank???????????????size?????????
public:
	unionfind(int n) :par(n), rank(n), size_(n, 1) {
		iota(ALL(par), 0);
	}
	int find(int x) {
		if (par[x] == x)return x;
		return par[x] = find(par[x]);
	}
	void unite(int x, int y) {
		x = find(x), y = find(y);
		if (x == y)return;
		if (rank[x] < rank[y])swap(x, y);
		par[y] = x;
		size_[x] += size_[y];
		if (rank[x] == rank[y])rank[x]++;
	}
	bool same(int x, int y) {
		return find(x) == find(y);
	}
	int size(int x) {
		return size_[find(x)];
	}
};
ll gcd(ll a, ll b) {
	while (b) {
		ll c = a%b;
		a = b;
		b = c;
	}
	return a;
}
ll lcm(ll a, ll b) {
	return a / gcd(a, b)*b;
}
int popcnt(unsigned long long a) {
	a = (a & 0x5555555555555555) + (a >> 1 & 0x5555555555555555);
	a = (a & 0x3333333333333333) + (a >> 2 & 0x3333333333333333);
	a = (a & 0x0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f) + (a >> 4 & 0x0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f);
	a = (a & 0x00ff00ff00ff00ff) + (a >> 8 & 0x00ff00ff00ff00ff);
	a = (a & 0x0000ffff0000ffff) + (a >> 16 & 0x0000ffff0000ffff);
	return (a & 0xffffffff) + (a >> 32);
}
template<class T, class Func = function<T(T, T)>>
class segtree {
	vector<T> obj;
	int offset;
	Func updater;
	T e;
	int bufsize(int num) {
		int i = 1;
		for (; num >i; i <<= 1);
		offset = i - 1;
		return (i << 1) - 1;
	}
	T query(int a, int b, int k, int l, int r) {
		if (r <= a || b <= l)return e;
		if (a <= l && r <= b)return obj[k];
		else return updater(query(a, b, k * 2 + 1, l, (l + r) / 2), query(a, b, k * 2 + 2, (l + r) / 2, r));
	}
public:
	T query(int a, int b) {//[a,b)
		return query(a, b, 0, 0, offset + 1);
	}
	void updateall(int l = 0, int r = -1) {
		if (r < 0)r = offset;
		l += offset, r += offset;
		do {
			l = l - 1 >> 1, r = r - 1 >> 1;
			for (int i = l; i < r; i++)obj[i] = updater(obj[i * 2 + 1], obj[i * 2 + 2]);
		} while (r);
	}
	void update(int k, T &a) {
		k += offset;
		obj[k] = a;
		while (k) {
			k = k - 1 >> 1;
			obj[k] = updater(obj[k * 2 + 1], obj[k * 2 + 2]);
		}
	}
	segtree(int n, T e, const Func &updater_ = Func()) :obj(bufsize(n), e), e(e), updater(updater_) {}
	segtree(vector<T> &vec, T e, const Func &updater = Func()) :obj(bufsize(vec.size()), e), e(e), updater(updater) {
		copy(vec.begin(), vec.end(), obj.begin() + offset);
		updateall();
	}
	typename vector<T>::reference operator[](int n) {
		return obj[n + offset];
	}
};
template<class T>
class matrix {
	vector<vector<T>> obj;
	pair<int, int> s;
public:
	matrix(pair<int, int> size, T e = 0) :matrix(size.first, size.second, e) {}
	matrix(int n, int m = -1, T e = 0) :obj(n, vector<T>(m == -1 ? n : m, e)), s(n, m == -1 ? n : m) {}
	static matrix e(int n) {
		matrix a = (n);
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)a[i][i] = 1;
		return a;
	}
	matrix& operator+=(const matrix &p) {
		if (s != p.s)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
		for (int i = 0; i < s.first; i++)
			for (int j = 0; j < s.second; j++)obj[i][j] += p.obj[i][j];
		return *this;
	}
	matrix operator+(const matrix &p) {
		matrix res(*this);
		return res += p;
	}
	matrix& operator-=(const matrix &p) {
		if (s != p.s)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
		for (int i = 0; i < s.first; i++)
			for (int j = 0; j < s.second; j++)obj[i][j] -= p.obj[i][j];
		return *this;
	}
	matrix operator-(const matrix &p) {
		matrix res(*this);
		return res -= p;
	}
	matrix& operator*=(T p) {
		for (auto &a : obj)
			for (auto &b : a)b *= p;
		return *this;
	}
	matrix operator*(T p) {
		matrix res(*this);
		return res *= p;
	}
	matrix operator*(const matrix &p) {
		if (s.second != p.s.first)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
		matrix ret(s.first, p.s.second);
		for (int i = 0; i < s.first; i++)
			for (int j = 0; j < s.second; j++)
				for (int k = 0; k < p.s.second; k++)ret[i][k] += obj[i][j] * p.obj[j][k];
		return ret;
	}
	matrix &operator*=(const matrix &p) {
		return *this = *this*p;
	}
	pair<int, int> size() const {
		return s;
	}
	matrix &mod(T m) {
		for (auto &a : obj)
			for (auto &b : a)b %= m;
		return *this;
	}
	typename vector<vector<T>>::reference operator[](int t) {
		return obj[t];
	}
};
template<class T> inline
matrix<T> pow(matrix<T> &base, unsigned exp) {
	auto base_(base);
	if (base_.size().first != base_.size().second)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
	matrix<T> res = matrix<T>::e(base_.size().first);
	for (;;) {
		if (exp & 1)res *= base_;
		if (!(exp /= 2))break;
		base_ *= base_;
	}
	return res;
}
template<class T> inline
matrix<T> modpow(matrix<T> &base, unsigned exp, T m) {
	auto base_(base);
	if (base.size().first != base_.size().second)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
	matrix<T> res = matrix<T>::e(base_.size().first);
	for (;;) {
		if (exp & 1)(res *= base_).mod(m);
		if (!(exp /= 2))break;
		(base_ *= base_).mod(m);
	}
	return res;
}
template<class T>int id(vector<T> &a, T b) {
	return lower_bound(ALL(a), b) - a.begin();
}
class Flow {
	int V;
	struct edge { int to, cap, rev, cost; };
	vector<vector<edge>> G;
	vector<int> level, iter, h, dist, prevv, preve;
	Flow(int size) :G(size + 1), V(size + 1) {
	}
	void add_edge(int from, int to, int cap, int cost = 0) {
		G[from].push_back(edge{ to, cap, (int)G[to].size(),cost });
		G[to].push_back(edge{ from,0,(int)G[from].size() - 1,-cost });
	}
	void bfs(int s) {
		fill(level.begin(), level.end(), -1);
		queue<int> que;
		level[s] = 0;
		que.push(s);
		while (!que.empty()) {
			int v = que.front(); que.pop();
			for (int i = 0; i < G[v].size(); i++) {
				edge &e = G[v][i];
				if (e.cap > 0 && level[e.to] < 0) {
					level[e.to] = level[v] + 1;
					que.push(e.to);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	int dfs(int v, int t, int f) {
		if (v == t)return f;
		for (int &i = iter[v]; i < G[v].size(); i++) {
			edge &e = G[v][i];
			if (e.cap > 0 && level[v] < level[e.to]) {
				int d = dfs(e.to, t, min(f, e.cap));
				if (d > 0) {
					e.cap -= d;
					G[e.to][e.rev].cap += d;
					return d;
				}
			}
		}
		return 0;
	}
	int max_flow(int s, int t) {
		level.resize(V);
		iter.resize(V);
		int flow = 0;
		for (;;) {
			bfs(s);
			if (level[t] < 0)return flow;
			fill(iter.begin(), iter.end(), 0);
			int f;
			while ((f = dfs(s, t, numeric_limits<int>::max()))>0) {
				flow += f;
			}
		}
	}
	typedef pair<int, int> P;
	int min_cost_flow(int s, int t, int f) {
		int res = 0;
		h.resize(V);
		dist.resize(V);
		prevv.resize(V);
		preve.resize(V);
		fill(h.begin(), h.end(), 0);
		while (f > 0) {
			priority_queue<P, vector<P>, greater<P>> que;
			fill(dist.begin(), dist.end(), numeric_limits<int>::max());
			dist[s] = 0;
			que.push({ 0,s });
			while (!que.empty()) {
				P p = que.top(); que.pop();
				int v = p.second;
				if (dist[v] < p.first)continue;
				for (int i = 0; i < G[v].size(); i++) {
					edge &e = G[v][i];
					if (e.cap > 0 && dist[e.to]>dist[v] + e.cost + h[v] - h[e.to]) {
						dist[e.to] = dist[v] + e.cost + h[v] - h[e.to];
						prevv[e.to] = v;
						preve[e.to] = i;
						que.push({ dist[e.to],e.to });
					}
				}
			}
			if (dist[t] == numeric_limits<int>::max()) {
				return -1;
			}
			for (int v = 0; v < V; v++)h[v] += dist[v];

			int d = f;
			for (int v = t; v != s; v = prevv[v]) {
				d = min(d, G[prevv[v]][preve[v]].cap);
			}
			f -= d;
			res += d*h[t];
			for (int v = t; v != s; v = prevv[v]) {
				edge &e = G[prevv[v]][preve[v]];
				e.cap -= d;
				G[v][e.rev].cap += d;
			}
		}
		return res;
	}
};

// Suffix Array	?????????O(|S|log^2|S|), ????´¢O(|T|log|S|), ?????????????§????O(|S|)
class StringSearch {
	const int n;
	string S;
public:
	vector<int> sa, rank;
	StringSearch(const string &S_)
		: n(S_.size()), S(S_), sa(n + 1), rank(n + 1)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
			sa[i] = i;
			rank[i] = i < n ? S[i] : -1;
		}

		vector<int> tmp(n + 1);
		for (int k = 1; k <= n; k *= 2) {
			auto Compare_SA = [=](int i, int j) {
				if (this->rank[i] != this->rank[j]) return this->rank[i] < this->rank[j];

				int ri = i + k <= n ? this->rank[i + k] : -1;
				int rj = j + k <= n ? this->rank[j + k] : -1;
				return ri < rj;
			};
			sort(sa.begin(), sa.end(), Compare_SA);

			tmp[sa[0]] = 0;
			for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
				tmp[sa[i]] = tmp[sa[i - 1]] + (Compare_SA(sa[i - 1], sa[i]) ? 1 : 0);
			}
			for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
				this->rank[i] = tmp[i];
			}
		}
	}

	bool Contain(const string &T) {
		int a = 0, b = n;
		while (b - a > 1) {
			int c = (a + b) / 2;
			if (S.compare(sa[c], T.length(), T) < 0) a = c;
			else b = c;
		}
		return S.compare(sa[b], T.length(), T) == 0;
	}

	vector<int> LCPArray() {
		for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) rank[sa[i]] = i;

		int h = 0;
		vector<int> lcp(n + 1);
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			int j = sa[rank[i] - 1];

			if (h > 0) h--;
			for (; j + h < n && i + h < n; h++) {
				if (S[j + h] != S[i + h]) break;
			}
			lcp[rank[i] - 1] = h;
		}
		return lcp;
	}
};
int dp[1001][1001];
int main() {
	int n, w, h;
	cin >> n >> w >> h;
	unionfind uf(w + h);
	vpii s(n);
	rep(i, n) {
		int a, b;
		cin >> a >> b;
		s[i] = { a,b };
		uf.unite(a - 1, w + b - 1);
	}
	uset<int> t,e[4];
	rep(i, n) {
		int a = uf.find(s[i].first - 1);
		t.insert(a);
		if (s[i].first == 1)e[0].insert(a);
		if (s[i].first == w)e[1].insert(a);
		if (s[i].second == 1)e[2].insert(a);
		if(s[i].second == h)e[3].insert(a);
	}
	int k = t.size();
	int m = 0;
	rep(i, 4)cmax(m, e[i].size());
	if (k > 1)k = k * 2 -m - 1 + n - k;
	else k = n - 1;
	cout << k << endl;
}
### Prompt

Develop a solution in Cpp to the problem described below:

There is a grid of size W × H surrounded by walls. Some cells in the grid are occupied by slimes. The slimes want to unite with each other and become a "King Slime".

In each move, a slime can move to east, west, south and north direction until it enters a cell occupied by another slime or hit the surrounding wall. If two slimes come together, they unite and become a new slime.

Your task is write a program which calculates the minimum number of moves that all the slimes unite and become a King Slime. Suppose slimes move one by one and they never move simultaneously.



Input

The first line contains three integers N (2 ≤ N ≤ 40,000), W and H (1 ≤ W, H ≤ 100,000), which denote the number of slimes, the width and the height of the grid respectively.

The following N lines describe the initial coordinates of the slimes. The i-th line contains two integers xi (1 ≤ xi ≤ W) and yi (1 ≤ yi ≤ H), which indicate the coordinates of the i-th slime . All the coordinates are 1-based.

You may assume that each cell is occupied by at most one slime initially.

Output

Output the minimum number of moves that all the slimes unite and become a King Slime.

Examples

Input

4 3 3
1 1
1 3
3 1
3 3


Output

3


Input

2 3 3
2 2
3 3


Output

2


Input

2 4 4
2 2
3 3


Output

3


Input

2 4 4
2 2
2 3


Output

1

### Response

```cpp
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <deque>
#include <tuple>
#include <queue>
#include <functional>
#include <cmath>
#include <iomanip>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <numeric>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <complex>
#include <iterator>
#include <array>
//cin.sync_with_stdio(false);
//streambuf
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef long double ld;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
typedef pair<ll, ll> pll;
typedef pair<double, double> pdd;
using vi = vector<int>;
using vll = vector<ll>;
using vpii = vector<pii>;
using ti3 = tuple<int, int, int>;
using vti3 = vector<ti3>;
template<class T, int s>using va = vector<array<T, s>>;
template<class T, class T2> using umap = unordered_map<T, T2>;
template<class T> using uset = unordered_set<T>;
template<class T, class S> void cmin(T &a, const S&&b) { if (a > b)a = b; }
template<class T, class S> void cmax(T &a, const S&&b) { if (a < b)a = b; }
#define ALL(a) a.begin(),a.end()
#define rep(i,a) for(int i=0;i<a;i++)
#define rep1(i,a) for(int i=1;i<=a;i++)
const ll mod = 1000000007;
#ifndef INT_MAX
const int INT_MAX = numeric_limits<signed>().max();
#endif
template<class T>using heap = priority_queue<T, vector<T>, greater<T>>;
template<class T>using pque = priority_queue<T, vector<T>, function<T(T, T)>>;
template <class T>
inline void hash_combine(size_t & seed, const T & v) {
	hash<T> hasher;
	seed ^= hasher(v) + 0x9e3779b9 + (seed << 6) + (seed >> 2);
}
namespace std {

	template<typename S, typename T> struct hash<pair<S, T>> {
		inline size_t operator()(const pair<S, T> & v) const {
			size_t seed = 0;
			hash_combine(seed, v.first);
			hash_combine(seed, v.second);
			return seed;
		}
	};
	// Recursive template code derived from Matthieu M.
	template <class Tuple, size_t Index = std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - 1>
	struct HashValueImpl
	{
		static void apply(size_t& seed, Tuple const& tuple)
		{
			HashValueImpl<Tuple, Index - 1>::apply(seed, tuple);
			hash_combine(seed, std::get<Index>(tuple));
		}
	};

	template <class Tuple>
	struct HashValueImpl<Tuple, 0>
	{
		static void apply(size_t& seed, Tuple const& tuple)
		{
			hash_combine(seed, std::get<0>(tuple));
		}
	};

	template <typename ... TT>
	struct hash<std::tuple<TT...>>
	{
		size_t
			operator()(std::tuple<TT...> const& tt) const
		{
			size_t seed = 0;
			HashValueImpl<std::tuple<TT...> >::apply(seed, tt);
			return seed;
		}

	};
}
ull pow(ull base, ull i, ull mod) {
	ull a = 1;
	while (i) {
		if (i & 1) {
			a *= base;
			a %= mod;
		}
		base *= base;
		base %= mod;
		i /= 2;
	}
	return a;
}
class unionfind {
	vector<int> par, rank, size_;//????????§??????????????¢???????????????????????????rank???????????????size?????????
public:
	unionfind(int n) :par(n), rank(n), size_(n, 1) {
		iota(ALL(par), 0);
	}
	int find(int x) {
		if (par[x] == x)return x;
		return par[x] = find(par[x]);
	}
	void unite(int x, int y) {
		x = find(x), y = find(y);
		if (x == y)return;
		if (rank[x] < rank[y])swap(x, y);
		par[y] = x;
		size_[x] += size_[y];
		if (rank[x] == rank[y])rank[x]++;
	}
	bool same(int x, int y) {
		return find(x) == find(y);
	}
	int size(int x) {
		return size_[find(x)];
	}
};
ll gcd(ll a, ll b) {
	while (b) {
		ll c = a%b;
		a = b;
		b = c;
	}
	return a;
}
ll lcm(ll a, ll b) {
	return a / gcd(a, b)*b;
}
int popcnt(unsigned long long a) {
	a = (a & 0x5555555555555555) + (a >> 1 & 0x5555555555555555);
	a = (a & 0x3333333333333333) + (a >> 2 & 0x3333333333333333);
	a = (a & 0x0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f) + (a >> 4 & 0x0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f);
	a = (a & 0x00ff00ff00ff00ff) + (a >> 8 & 0x00ff00ff00ff00ff);
	a = (a & 0x0000ffff0000ffff) + (a >> 16 & 0x0000ffff0000ffff);
	return (a & 0xffffffff) + (a >> 32);
}
template<class T, class Func = function<T(T, T)>>
class segtree {
	vector<T> obj;
	int offset;
	Func updater;
	T e;
	int bufsize(int num) {
		int i = 1;
		for (; num >i; i <<= 1);
		offset = i - 1;
		return (i << 1) - 1;
	}
	T query(int a, int b, int k, int l, int r) {
		if (r <= a || b <= l)return e;
		if (a <= l && r <= b)return obj[k];
		else return updater(query(a, b, k * 2 + 1, l, (l + r) / 2), query(a, b, k * 2 + 2, (l + r) / 2, r));
	}
public:
	T query(int a, int b) {//[a,b)
		return query(a, b, 0, 0, offset + 1);
	}
	void updateall(int l = 0, int r = -1) {
		if (r < 0)r = offset;
		l += offset, r += offset;
		do {
			l = l - 1 >> 1, r = r - 1 >> 1;
			for (int i = l; i < r; i++)obj[i] = updater(obj[i * 2 + 1], obj[i * 2 + 2]);
		} while (r);
	}
	void update(int k, T &a) {
		k += offset;
		obj[k] = a;
		while (k) {
			k = k - 1 >> 1;
			obj[k] = updater(obj[k * 2 + 1], obj[k * 2 + 2]);
		}
	}
	segtree(int n, T e, const Func &updater_ = Func()) :obj(bufsize(n), e), e(e), updater(updater_) {}
	segtree(vector<T> &vec, T e, const Func &updater = Func()) :obj(bufsize(vec.size()), e), e(e), updater(updater) {
		copy(vec.begin(), vec.end(), obj.begin() + offset);
		updateall();
	}
	typename vector<T>::reference operator[](int n) {
		return obj[n + offset];
	}
};
template<class T>
class matrix {
	vector<vector<T>> obj;
	pair<int, int> s;
public:
	matrix(pair<int, int> size, T e = 0) :matrix(size.first, size.second, e) {}
	matrix(int n, int m = -1, T e = 0) :obj(n, vector<T>(m == -1 ? n : m, e)), s(n, m == -1 ? n : m) {}
	static matrix e(int n) {
		matrix a = (n);
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)a[i][i] = 1;
		return a;
	}
	matrix& operator+=(const matrix &p) {
		if (s != p.s)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
		for (int i = 0; i < s.first; i++)
			for (int j = 0; j < s.second; j++)obj[i][j] += p.obj[i][j];
		return *this;
	}
	matrix operator+(const matrix &p) {
		matrix res(*this);
		return res += p;
	}
	matrix& operator-=(const matrix &p) {
		if (s != p.s)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
		for (int i = 0; i < s.first; i++)
			for (int j = 0; j < s.second; j++)obj[i][j] -= p.obj[i][j];
		return *this;
	}
	matrix operator-(const matrix &p) {
		matrix res(*this);
		return res -= p;
	}
	matrix& operator*=(T p) {
		for (auto &a : obj)
			for (auto &b : a)b *= p;
		return *this;
	}
	matrix operator*(T p) {
		matrix res(*this);
		return res *= p;
	}
	matrix operator*(const matrix &p) {
		if (s.second != p.s.first)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
		matrix ret(s.first, p.s.second);
		for (int i = 0; i < s.first; i++)
			for (int j = 0; j < s.second; j++)
				for (int k = 0; k < p.s.second; k++)ret[i][k] += obj[i][j] * p.obj[j][k];
		return ret;
	}
	matrix &operator*=(const matrix &p) {
		return *this = *this*p;
	}
	pair<int, int> size() const {
		return s;
	}
	matrix &mod(T m) {
		for (auto &a : obj)
			for (auto &b : a)b %= m;
		return *this;
	}
	typename vector<vector<T>>::reference operator[](int t) {
		return obj[t];
	}
};
template<class T> inline
matrix<T> pow(matrix<T> &base, unsigned exp) {
	auto base_(base);
	if (base_.size().first != base_.size().second)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
	matrix<T> res = matrix<T>::e(base_.size().first);
	for (;;) {
		if (exp & 1)res *= base_;
		if (!(exp /= 2))break;
		base_ *= base_;
	}
	return res;
}
template<class T> inline
matrix<T> modpow(matrix<T> &base, unsigned exp, T m) {
	auto base_(base);
	if (base.size().first != base_.size().second)throw runtime_error("matrix error");
	matrix<T> res = matrix<T>::e(base_.size().first);
	for (;;) {
		if (exp & 1)(res *= base_).mod(m);
		if (!(exp /= 2))break;
		(base_ *= base_).mod(m);
	}
	return res;
}
template<class T>int id(vector<T> &a, T b) {
	return lower_bound(ALL(a), b) - a.begin();
}
class Flow {
	int V;
	struct edge { int to, cap, rev, cost; };
	vector<vector<edge>> G;
	vector<int> level, iter, h, dist, prevv, preve;
	Flow(int size) :G(size + 1), V(size + 1) {
	}
	void add_edge(int from, int to, int cap, int cost = 0) {
		G[from].push_back(edge{ to, cap, (int)G[to].size(),cost });
		G[to].push_back(edge{ from,0,(int)G[from].size() - 1,-cost });
	}
	void bfs(int s) {
		fill(level.begin(), level.end(), -1);
		queue<int> que;
		level[s] = 0;
		que.push(s);
		while (!que.empty()) {
			int v = que.front(); que.pop();
			for (int i = 0; i < G[v].size(); i++) {
				edge &e = G[v][i];
				if (e.cap > 0 && level[e.to] < 0) {
					level[e.to] = level[v] + 1;
					que.push(e.to);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	int dfs(int v, int t, int f) {
		if (v == t)return f;
		for (int &i = iter[v]; i < G[v].size(); i++) {
			edge &e = G[v][i];
			if (e.cap > 0 && level[v] < level[e.to]) {
				int d = dfs(e.to, t, min(f, e.cap));
				if (d > 0) {
					e.cap -= d;
					G[e.to][e.rev].cap += d;
					return d;
				}
			}
		}
		return 0;
	}
	int max_flow(int s, int t) {
		level.resize(V);
		iter.resize(V);
		int flow = 0;
		for (;;) {
			bfs(s);
			if (level[t] < 0)return flow;
			fill(iter.begin(), iter.end(), 0);
			int f;
			while ((f = dfs(s, t, numeric_limits<int>::max()))>0) {
				flow += f;
			}
		}
	}
	typedef pair<int, int> P;
	int min_cost_flow(int s, int t, int f) {
		int res = 0;
		h.resize(V);
		dist.resize(V);
		prevv.resize(V);
		preve.resize(V);
		fill(h.begin(), h.end(), 0);
		while (f > 0) {
			priority_queue<P, vector<P>, greater<P>> que;
			fill(dist.begin(), dist.end(), numeric_limits<int>::max());
			dist[s] = 0;
			que.push({ 0,s });
			while (!que.empty()) {
				P p = que.top(); que.pop();
				int v = p.second;
				if (dist[v] < p.first)continue;
				for (int i = 0; i < G[v].size(); i++) {
					edge &e = G[v][i];
					if (e.cap > 0 && dist[e.to]>dist[v] + e.cost + h[v] - h[e.to]) {
						dist[e.to] = dist[v] + e.cost + h[v] - h[e.to];
						prevv[e.to] = v;
						preve[e.to] = i;
						que.push({ dist[e.to],e.to });
					}
				}
			}
			if (dist[t] == numeric_limits<int>::max()) {
				return -1;
			}
			for (int v = 0; v < V; v++)h[v] += dist[v];

			int d = f;
			for (int v = t; v != s; v = prevv[v]) {
				d = min(d, G[prevv[v]][preve[v]].cap);
			}
			f -= d;
			res += d*h[t];
			for (int v = t; v != s; v = prevv[v]) {
				edge &e = G[prevv[v]][preve[v]];
				e.cap -= d;
				G[v][e.rev].cap += d;
			}
		}
		return res;
	}
};

// Suffix Array	?????????O(|S|log^2|S|), ????´¢O(|T|log|S|), ?????????????§????O(|S|)
class StringSearch {
	const int n;
	string S;
public:
	vector<int> sa, rank;
	StringSearch(const string &S_)
		: n(S_.size()), S(S_), sa(n + 1), rank(n + 1)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
			sa[i] = i;
			rank[i] = i < n ? S[i] : -1;
		}

		vector<int> tmp(n + 1);
		for (int k = 1; k <= n; k *= 2) {
			auto Compare_SA = [=](int i, int j) {
				if (this->rank[i] != this->rank[j]) return this->rank[i] < this->rank[j];

				int ri = i + k <= n ? this->rank[i + k] : -1;
				int rj = j + k <= n ? this->rank[j + k] : -1;
				return ri < rj;
			};
			sort(sa.begin(), sa.end(), Compare_SA);

			tmp[sa[0]] = 0;
			for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
				tmp[sa[i]] = tmp[sa[i - 1]] + (Compare_SA(sa[i - 1], sa[i]) ? 1 : 0);
			}
			for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
				this->rank[i] = tmp[i];
			}
		}
	}

	bool Contain(const string &T) {
		int a = 0, b = n;
		while (b - a > 1) {
			int c = (a + b) / 2;
			if (S.compare(sa[c], T.length(), T) < 0) a = c;
			else b = c;
		}
		return S.compare(sa[b], T.length(), T) == 0;
	}

	vector<int> LCPArray() {
		for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) rank[sa[i]] = i;

		int h = 0;
		vector<int> lcp(n + 1);
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			int j = sa[rank[i] - 1];

			if (h > 0) h--;
			for (; j + h < n && i + h < n; h++) {
				if (S[j + h] != S[i + h]) break;
			}
			lcp[rank[i] - 1] = h;
		}
		return lcp;
	}
};
int dp[1001][1001];
int main() {
	int n, w, h;
	cin >> n >> w >> h;
	unionfind uf(w + h);
	vpii s(n);
	rep(i, n) {
		int a, b;
		cin >> a >> b;
		s[i] = { a,b };
		uf.unite(a - 1, w + b - 1);
	}
	uset<int> t,e[4];
	rep(i, n) {
		int a = uf.find(s[i].first - 1);
		t.insert(a);
		if (s[i].first == 1)e[0].insert(a);
		if (s[i].first == w)e[1].insert(a);
		if (s[i].second == 1)e[2].insert(a);
		if(s[i].second == h)e[3].insert(a);
	}
	int k = t.size();
	int m = 0;
	rep(i, 4)cmax(m, e[i].size());
	if (k > 1)k = k * 2 -m - 1 + n - k;
	else k = n - 1;
	cout << k << endl;
}
```