#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#define dump(...) do{print_vars(cout<<"# "<<#__VA_ARGS__<<'=',__VA_ARGS__);cout<<endl;}while(0)
#define repi(i,a,b) for(int i=int(a);i<int(b);i++)
#define peri(i,a,b) for(int i=int(b);i-->int(a);)
#define rep(i,n) repi(i,0,n)
#define per(i,n) peri(i,0,n)
#define all(c) begin(c),end(c)
#define mp make_pair
#define mt make_tuple

using uint=unsigned;
using ll=long long;
using ull=unsigned long long;
using vi=vector<int>;
using vvi=vector<vi>;
using vl=vector<ll>;
using vvl=vector<vl>;
using vd=vector<double>;
using vvd=vector<vd>;
using vs=vector<string>;

void print_vars(ostream&){}
template<typename Car,typename... Cdr>
void print_vars(ostream& os,const Car& car,const Cdr&... cdr){
	print_vars(os<<car<<(sizeof...(cdr)?",":""),cdr...);
}

template<typename T1,typename T2>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const pair<T1,T2>& p){
	return os<<'('<<p.first<<','<<p.second<<')';
}

template<int I,typename Tuple>
void print_tuple(ostream&,const Tuple&){}
template<int I,typename Car,typename... Cdr,typename Tuple>
void print_tuple(ostream& os,const Tuple& t){
	os<<get<I>(t)<<(sizeof...(Cdr)?",":"");
	print_tuple<I+1,Cdr...>(os,t);
}
template<typename... Args>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const tuple<Args...>& t){
	print_tuple<0,Args...>(os<<'(',t);
	return os<<')';
}

template<typename Ch,typename Tr,typename C>
basic_ostream<Ch,Tr>& operator<<(basic_ostream<Ch,Tr>& os,const C& c){
	os<<'[';
	for(auto i=begin(c);i!=end(c);++i)
		os<<(i==begin(c)?"":" ")<<*i;
	return os<<']';
}

constexpr int INF=1e9;
constexpr int MOD=1e9+7;
constexpr double EPS=1e-9;

int main()
{
	#ifndef _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
	ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
	cin.tie(nullptr);
	constexpr char endl='\n';
	#endif

	for(int n;cin>>n&&n;){
		vi a(n);
		rep(i,n) cin>>a[i];

		vi b(n+1),ispow(n+1);
		rep(i,n){
			b[i]=31-__builtin_clz(a[i]);
			ispow[i]=a[i]==(1<<b[i]);
		}

		int res=0;
		rep(i,n){
			if(b[i]==b[i+1]&&!ispow[i]){
				res++;
				ispow[i+1]=1;
			}
			if(b[i]>b[i+1]){
				res+=!ispow[i]+(b[i]-b[i+1]);
				ispow[i+1]=1;
			}
		}
		cout<<res<<endl;
	}
}

### Prompt

Please provide a Cpp coded solution to the problem described below:

There are A slimes lining up in a row. Initially, the sizes of the slimes are all 1.

Snuke can repeatedly perform the following operation.

* Choose a positive even number M. Then, select M consecutive slimes and form M / 2 pairs from those slimes as follows: pair the 1-st and 2-nd of them from the left, the 3-rd and 4-th of them, ..., the (M-1)-th and M-th of them. Combine each pair of slimes into one larger slime. Here, the size of a combined slime is the sum of the individual slimes before combination. The order of the M / 2 combined slimes remain the same as the M / 2 pairs of slimes before combination.



Snuke wants to get to the situation where there are exactly N slimes, and the size of the i-th (1 ≤ i ≤ N) slime from the left is a_i. Find the minimum number of operations required to achieve his goal.

Note that A is not directly given as input. Assume A = a_1 + a_2 + ... + a_N.

Constraints

* 1 ≤ N ≤ 10^5
* a_i is an integer.
* 1 ≤ a_i ≤ 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:


N
a_1 a_2 ... a_N


Output

Print the minimum number of operations required to achieve Snuke's goal.

Examples

Input

2
3 3


Output

2


Input

4
2 1 2 2


Output

2


Input

1
1


Output

0


Input

10
3 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5 3


Output

10

### Response

```cpp
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#define dump(...) do{print_vars(cout<<"# "<<#__VA_ARGS__<<'=',__VA_ARGS__);cout<<endl;}while(0)
#define repi(i,a,b) for(int i=int(a);i<int(b);i++)
#define peri(i,a,b) for(int i=int(b);i-->int(a);)
#define rep(i,n) repi(i,0,n)
#define per(i,n) peri(i,0,n)
#define all(c) begin(c),end(c)
#define mp make_pair
#define mt make_tuple

using uint=unsigned;
using ll=long long;
using ull=unsigned long long;
using vi=vector<int>;
using vvi=vector<vi>;
using vl=vector<ll>;
using vvl=vector<vl>;
using vd=vector<double>;
using vvd=vector<vd>;
using vs=vector<string>;

void print_vars(ostream&){}
template<typename Car,typename... Cdr>
void print_vars(ostream& os,const Car& car,const Cdr&... cdr){
	print_vars(os<<car<<(sizeof...(cdr)?",":""),cdr...);
}

template<typename T1,typename T2>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const pair<T1,T2>& p){
	return os<<'('<<p.first<<','<<p.second<<')';
}

template<int I,typename Tuple>
void print_tuple(ostream&,const Tuple&){}
template<int I,typename Car,typename... Cdr,typename Tuple>
void print_tuple(ostream& os,const Tuple& t){
	os<<get<I>(t)<<(sizeof...(Cdr)?",":"");
	print_tuple<I+1,Cdr...>(os,t);
}
template<typename... Args>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const tuple<Args...>& t){
	print_tuple<0,Args...>(os<<'(',t);
	return os<<')';
}

template<typename Ch,typename Tr,typename C>
basic_ostream<Ch,Tr>& operator<<(basic_ostream<Ch,Tr>& os,const C& c){
	os<<'[';
	for(auto i=begin(c);i!=end(c);++i)
		os<<(i==begin(c)?"":" ")<<*i;
	return os<<']';
}

constexpr int INF=1e9;
constexpr int MOD=1e9+7;
constexpr double EPS=1e-9;

int main()
{
	#ifndef _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
	ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
	cin.tie(nullptr);
	constexpr char endl='\n';
	#endif

	for(int n;cin>>n&&n;){
		vi a(n);
		rep(i,n) cin>>a[i];

		vi b(n+1),ispow(n+1);
		rep(i,n){
			b[i]=31-__builtin_clz(a[i]);
			ispow[i]=a[i]==(1<<b[i]);
		}

		int res=0;
		rep(i,n){
			if(b[i]==b[i+1]&&!ispow[i]){
				res++;
				ispow[i+1]=1;
			}
			if(b[i]>b[i+1]){
				res+=!ispow[i]+(b[i]-b[i+1]);
				ispow[i+1]=1;
			}
		}
		cout<<res<<endl;
	}
}

```