To what country did Iannis Xenakis flee in the same year that Mark Kidel was born?
Iannis Xenakis Iannis Xenakis (Greek: Γιάννης (Ιάννης) Ξενάκης ] ; 29 May 1922 – 4 February 2001) was a Romanian-born, Greek-French composer, music theorist, architect, and engineer. After 1947, he fled Greece, becoming a naturalized citizen of France. He is considered an important post-World War II composer whose works helped revolutionize 20th century classical music.
Refugees of the Greek Civil War During and after the Greek Civil War of 1946–1949, members or sympathisers of the defeated communist forces fled Greece as political refugees. The collapse of the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE) and the evacuation of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) to Tashkent in 1949 led thousands of people to leave the country. It has been estimated that by 1949 over 100,000 people had left Greece for Yugoslavia and the Eastern Bloc, particularly the USSR and Czechoslovakia. These included tens of thousands of child refugees who had been evacuated by the KKE in an organised campaign. The war wrought widespread devastation right across Greece and particularly in the regions of Greek Macedonia and Epirus, causing many people to continue to leave the country even after it had ended.