What was the name of the Jacobite pretender to the thrones of England, Scotland, France and Ireland who left a small force of men in Carlisle?
Siege of Carlisle (December 1745) The Siege of Carlisle took place during the Jacobite rising of 1745–46 after Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie Prince Charlie) was forced to retreat north back into Scotland. As the retreat was totally against his will, he left a small force of 400 men to garrison Carlisle mainly consisting of members of the English Jacobite regiment called the Manchester Regiment, so that Charles could say that he at least held one town in England for his hoped-for return. The Jacobite garrison left to hold Carlisle surrendered to overwhelming Hanoverian forces under the Duke of Cumberland.
Exclusion Crisis The Exclusion Crisis ran from 1679 through 1681 in the reign of King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland. Three Exclusion bills sought to exclude the King's brother and heir presumptive, James, Duke of York, from the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland because he was Roman Catholic. None became law. Two new parties formed. The Tories were opposed to this exclusion while the "Country Party", who were soon to be called the Whigs, supported it.