In what year was the physicist who introduced the 't Hooft operator born?
Gerard 't Hooft Gerardus (Gerard) 't Hooft (] ; born July 5, 1946) is a Dutch theoretical physicist and professor at Utrecht University, the Netherlands. He shared the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physics with his thesis advisor Martinus J. G. Veltman "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions".
Vasily Vladimirov Vasilii Sergeevich Vladimirov (Russian: Васи́лий Серге́евич Влади́миров ) (9 January 1923 – 3 November 2012) was a Soviet mathematician and mathematical physicist working in the fields of number theory, mathematical physics, quantum field theory, numerical analysis, generalized functions, several complex variables, p-adic analysis, multidimensional tauberian theorems.