In what year was the physicist who introduced the 't Hooft operator born?
't Hooft operator In theoretical physics, a 't Hooft operator, introduced by Gerard 't Hooft in the 1978 paper "On the phase transition towards permanent quark confinement", is a dual version of the Wilson loop in which the electromagnetic potential "A" is replaced by its electromagnetic dual "A", where the exterior derivative of "A" is equal to the Hodge dual of the exterior derivative of "A". In d spacetime dimensions, "A" is a (d-3)-form and so the 't Hooft operator is the integral of "A" over a (d-3)-dimensional surface.
Mitchell Feigenbaum Mitchell Jay Feigenbaum (born December 19, 1944) is a mathematical physicist whose pioneering studies in chaos theory led to the discovery of the Feigenbaum constants.