What outspoken abolitionist and author of "An Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World" was also the father of one of the first black men to pass the Massachusetts bar?
David Walker (abolitionist) David Walker (September 28, 1796August 6, 1830) was an outspoken African-American abolitionist, writer and anti-slavery activist. Though his father was a slave, his mother was free so therefore he was free. In 1829, while living in Boston, Massachusetts, he published "An Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World", a call for black unity and self-help in the fight against oppression and injustice.
Philip Alexander Bell Philip Alexander Bell (1808-1886) was a 19th century American newspaper editor and abolitionist. Born in New York City, he made his first public speech at the 1832 Colored Convention, and was active in a variety of issues, including abolition, suffrage, and the protection of fugitives. As a young man, he worked for William Lloyd Garrison's anti-slavery newspaper The Liberator. In 1837, he started the New York City newspaper "The Weekly Advocate" edited by Samuel Cornish, later renamed the "Colored American" and co-owned by Charles Bennett Ray. In 1860, he moved to San Francisco where he became co-editor of the African-American newspaper "The Pacific Appeal" and later, founder and editor of "The San Francisco Elevator" during the Reconstruction Era.