What is the name of the primary symbol, which is now outlawed outside of the context of art or science, and was widely used even on the state flag?
Strafgesetzbuch section 86a The German "Strafgesetzbuch" (Criminal Code) in § 86a outlaws "use of symbols of unconstitutional organizations" outside of the contexts of "art or science, research or teaching". This concerns Nazi symbolism in particular and is part of the denazification efforts following the fall of the Third Reich.
Flag of Melaka The Flag of Melaka is the flag of the Malaysian state of Melaka. Red, white, yellow and blue, which are the colours of the flag of Malaysia, are also used in the flag of Melaka. This shows that Melaka is a member state of Malaysia. The star and crescent represents Islam, the official religion of the State and of the nation. The top left hand quarter has a background of royal blue with a yellow crescent moon and a yellow five-pointed star. The top right hand quarter is red and the lower half is white.