During the 1934 Italian general election, which leader of the National Fascist Party was led to call the results a "second referendum"?
Benito Mussolini Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini ( ; ] ; 29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician, journalist and leader of the National Fascist Party ("Partito Nazionale Fascista"; PNF), ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 to 1943—constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship.
Getúlio Vargas Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (] ; 19 April 1882 – 24 August 1954) was a Brazilian lawyer and politician, who served as President of Brazil during two periods: the first was from 1930-1945, when he served as interim president from 1930-1934, President from 1934-1937, and dictator from 1937-1945. After being overthrown in a 1945 coup, Vargas returned to power as the democratically elected president in 1951, serving until his suicide in 1954. Vargas led Brazil for 18 years, the longest of any President, and second in Brazilian history only to Emperor Pedro II among heads of state. He favored nationalism, industrialization, centralization, social welfare and populism – for the latter, Vargas won the nickname "The Father of the Poor". Vargas is one of a number of populists who arose during the 1930s in Latin America, including Lazaro Cardenas and Juan Peron who promoted nationalism and pursued social reform. He was a proponent of workers' rights as well as a staunch anti-communist.