What was the name of the memoir written by the co-founder of the black nationalism and social change organizaion US?
Hakim Jamal Hakim Abdullah Jamal (March 28, 1931 – May 1, 1973) was the name adopted by African-American activist Allen Donaldson, who was a cousin of Malcolm X and later became an associate of Michael X. Jamal wrote "From the Dead Level", a memoir of his life and memories of Malcolm X.
Paul Jennings (slave) Paul Jennings (1799–1874) was a personal servant, as a young slave, to President James Madison during and after his White House years. After buying his freedom in 1845 from Daniel Webster, Jennings is noted for publishing in 1865 the first White House memoir. His book was "A Colored Man's Reminiscences of James Madison", described as "a singular document in the history of slavery and the early American republic."