Murabaḥah is a term for a sales contract where the buyer and seller agree on the markup, the ratio between the cost of a good or service and what?
Murabaha Murabaḥah, murabaḥa or murâbaḥah (Arabic: مرابحة‎ ‎ , derived from "ribh" Arabic: ربح‎ ‎ , meaning profit) is a term of "fiqh" (Islamic jurisprudence) for a sales contract where the buyer and seller agree on the markup (profit) or "cost-plus" price for the item(s) being sold. In recent decades it has become a term for a very common form of Islamic (i.e. "shariah compliant") financing, where the price is marked-up in exchange for allowing the buyer to defer payment (a contract with deferred payment being known as "bai-muajjal"). "Murabaha" financing is similar to a rent-to-own arrangement in the non-Muslim world, with the intermediary (i.e. the lending bank) retaining ownership of the item being sold until the loan is paid in full. There are also Islamic investment funds and sukuk (Islamic bonds) that use "murabahah" contracts.
Grand Mufti The Grand Mufti (Arabic: مفتي عام‎ ‎ "muftī ʿām  ", "general expounder" or كبير المفتين "kabīr al-muftīn  ", "the great of expounders") is the highest official of religious law in a Sunni or Ibadi Muslim country. The Grand Mufti issues legal opinions and edicts, fatwas, and interpretations of Islamic jurisprudence for private clients or to assist judges in deciding cases. The collected opinions of the Grand Mufti serve as a valuable source of information on the practical application of Islamic law as opposed to its abstract formulation. The Grand Mufti's fatāwā (plural of "fatwā") are not binding precedents in areas of civil laws regulating marriage, divorce, and inheritance. In criminal courts, the Grand Mufti's recommendations are generally not binding either.