Which philosopher, known for his 1651 book, fled to France for legal reasons?
Thomas Hobbes Thomas Hobbes ( ; 5 April 1588 – 4 December 1679), in some older texts Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, was an English philosopher who is considered one of the founders of modern political philosophy. Hobbes is best known for his 1651 book "Leviathan", which established the social contract theory that has served as the foundation for most later Western political philosophy. In addition to political philosophy, Hobbes also contributed to a diverse array of other fields, including history, jurisprudence, geometry, the physics of gases, theology, ethics, and general philosophy.
Spinoza (book) Spinoza (1951; second edition 1962; third edition 1987) is a book about Baruch Spinoza by the English philosopher Stuart Hampshire. The work includes a foreword by the philosopher A. J. Ayer, while a new introduction was added to the 1987 edition. "Spinoza" has become a classic work about Spinoza and has received praise from philosophers. In 2005, "Spinoza", along with Hampshire's other writings on the philosopher, was incorporated into a single volume, published as "Spinoza and Spinozism".