From 1862 to 1874 George W. Hough was the director of an observatory chartered on February 11, 1852 by what group?
Dudley Observatory Dudley Observatory is an astronomical observatory originally located in Albany, New York, and now in Schenectady, New York. The Observatory was chartered on February 11, 1852 by the New York State Senate, and by the New York State Assembly on April 3, 1852. While Dudley no longer serves as an operating observatory, it remains the oldest non-academic institution of astronomical research in America.
Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology The Pontifical Commission of Sacred Archaeology (Italian: "Pontificia Commissione di Archeologia Sacra" ) is an official board of the Vatican founded in 1852 by Pope Pius IX for the purpose of promoting and directing excavations in the Catacombs of Rome and on other sites of Christian antiquarian interest, and of safeguarding the objects found during such excavations. In 1925, Pope Pius XI declared that the Commission was Pontifical and its competencies were defined in detail and reaffirmed recently in the conventions between the Holy See and the Italian State.