Cumberland Sheepdog and East-European Shepherd, are a breed of what?
East-European Shepherd The East European Shepherd (VEO) (in Russian: Восточно-европейская овчарка (ВЕО)) —is a breed of dog that was developed in the 1930-1950s based on German Shepherd Dogs to create a larger cold-resistant breed for military use, police work and border guard duties in the Soviet Union. VEOs are also used as guide dogs for the blind and there are VEO therapy dogs. This breed is popular in Russia where it entered a public culture and acquired a legendary status as an extremely smart and loyal dog devoted to their owners. The breed is well known in other ex-Soviet Union republics. In the West, the East-European Shepherd is a rare breed that is not well known: information about the breed on online sources, in English, is limited and often incorrect or distorted.
Illyrian Shepherd The Illyrian Shepherd was a dog breed registered with the Fédération Cynologique Internationale FCI since 1939 under Standard number 41 "Illirski Ovcar". In 1957 the FCI changed the name of the breed to "Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina" (Šarplaninac). Up to 16 March 1968 the Karst Shepherd (kraški ovčar) carried the same name. Since then the two breeds are independent.