What was the year of birth of the mathematician that is credited with developing infinitesimal calculus and using Jean Picard's measurement of earth to create his theory of universal gravitation?
Isaac Newton Sir Isaac Newton {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; 25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time and a key figure in the scientific revolution. His book "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" ("Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy"), first published in 1687, laid the foundations of classical mechanics. Newton also made pathbreaking contributions to optics, and he shares credit with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for developing the infinitesimal calculus.
Louis Napoleon George Filon Louis Napoleon George Filon, FRS (22 November 1875 – 29 December 1937) was a French-born English applied mathematician, famous for his research on classical mechanics and particularly the theory of elasticity and the mechanics of continuous media. He also developed a method for the numerical quadrature of oscillatory integrals, now known as "Filon quadrature". He was Vice Chancellor of the University of London from 1933–35.