Francesco Rospigliosi Pallavicini was born in Rome, in what was then which territories in the Italian Peninsula under the sovereign direct rule of the pope, from the 8th century until 1870?
Papal States The Papal States, officially the State of the Church (Italian: "Stato della Chiesa" , ] ; Latin: "Status Ecclesiae" ), were territories in the Italian Peninsula under the sovereign direct rule of the pope, from the 8th century until 1870. They were among the major states of Italy from roughly the 8th century until the Italian Peninsula was unified in 1861 by the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia. At their zenith, they covered most of the modern Italian regions of Lazio (which includes Rome), Marche, Umbria and Romagna, and portions of Emilia. These holdings were considered to be a manifestation of the temporal power of the pope, as opposed to his ecclesiastical primacy.
Kingdom of the Lombards The Kingdom of the Lombards (Latin: "Regnum Langobardorum" ) also known as the Lombard Kingdom; later the Kingdom of (all) Italy (Latin: "Regnum totius Italiae" ), was an early medieval state established by the Lombards, a Germanic people, on the Italian Peninsula in the latter part of the 6th century. The king was traditionally elected by the highest-ranking aristocrats, the dukes, as several attempts to establish a hereditary dynasty failed. The kingdom was subdivided into a varying number of duchies, ruled by semi-autonomous dukes, which were in turn subdivided into gastaldates at the municipal level. The capital of the kingdom and the center of its political life was Pavia in the modern northern Italian region of Lombardy.