What philosophical movement rejects Enlightenment thinking and was pioneered by a Kashmiri poet?
Abdul Ahad Azad Abdul Ahad Azad (Urdu; ) (1903–1948) was one of the well known Kashmiri poet oIf his era. He was one of the pioneers of the modernist movement. Azad is often referred to as John Keats of Kashmir. Both Keats and Azad wrote modernist poems and both died in early forties. He was belonging to the Dar tribe of Kashmir. His father's name was Sultan Dar. "Kuleat e Azad" and "Haraam e Saba" are two of his books. One of his poems is translated into English by Prof G.R Malik and named as "Stars Speak to Man" and published in class 8 Tuulip series English book.
19th-century philosophy In the 19th century the philosophies of the Enlightenment began to have a dramatic effect, the landmark works of philosophers such as Immanuel Kant and Jean-Jacques Rousseau influencing new generations of thinkers. In the late 18th century a movement known as Romanticism began; it validated strong emotion as an authentic not of aesthetic experience, placing new emphasis on such emotions as trepidation, horror and terror and awe. Key ideas that sparked changes in philosophy were the fast progress of science; evolution, as postulated by Vanini, Diderot, Lord Monboddo, Erasmus Darwin, Lamarck, Goethe, and Charles Darwin; and what might now be called emergent order, such as the free market of Adam Smith within nation states. Pressures for egalitarianism, and more rapid change culminated in a period of revolution and turbulence that would see philosophy change as well.