インクルーシブ教育
インクルージョンやインクルーシブ教育の用語や考え方は、1990年前後からアメリカやカナダを中心に広がり始め、1994年の特別ニーズ教育に関するサラマンカ声明において、インクルーシブな学校のあり方が提起されたことにより、国際的な市民権を得ていった[6]。
イングランドの教育史
The Education Act 1944, relating to England and Wales, was authored by Rab Butler and is sometimes known as "the Butler Act". It defined the modern split between primary education and secondary education at age 11, and provided for the raising of the school leaving age to 15. The Act established the "Tripartite System". It defined the grammar school as the place of education for the academically gifted (with entrance determined by a selection exam. Initially this was the "Scholarship" exam, which was later replaced by a "Grading Test" which was then subsequently replaced by the 11+ examination. Children who did not pass the selection test attended technical schools or secondary modern schools. 