An able airman with a disqualify-. ing diagnosis, after FAA review, is given. a letter that permits any Aviation Medi-. cal Examiner to certify after reviewing. the pilot's current medical status, with-. out involving the bureaucracy.
Normal Lung Sounds. Normal breath sounds are classified as tracheal, bronchial, and vesicular sounds. The patterns of normal breath sounds are created by the effect of body structures on air moving through airway. Normal lung sounds can be considered abnormal when the sound occurs in an area in which the sounds should not be present.
Adventitious Breath Sounds: Name: Description: Cause: Location: Crackles (rales) Fine, short, interrupted crackling sounds; alveolar rales are high pitched. Sound can be simulated by rolling a lock of hair near the ear. Best heard on inspiration, but can be heard on both inspiration and expiration. May not be cleared by coughing. Air passing through fluid or mucus in any air passage: Most commonly heard in the bases of the lower lung lobes: Gurgles (rhonchi) Continuous, low-pitched, coarse, gurgling, harsh, louder sounds with a moaning or snoring quality. Best heard on expiration, but can be heard on both inspiration and expiration. May be altered by coughing.