Gopher tortoises, like other tortoises of the genus Gopherus, are known for their digging ability. Gopher tortoises spend most of their time in long burrows, up to 14.5 metres (48 ft) in length and 3 metres (9.8 ft) deep.he taking of gopher tortoises for sale or use as food or pets has also had a serious effect on some populations. The seriousness of the loss of adult tortoises is magnified by the length of time required for tortoises to reach maturity and their low reproductive rate.
Outbreak of the Civil War (1861) Even as Lincoln took office in March 1861, Confederate forces threatened the federal-held Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina. On April 12, after Lincoln ordered a fleet to resupply Sumter, Confederate artillery fired the first shots of the Civil War.
Bull Run. In July 1861, the first major battle of the American Civil War was fought near Manassas Junction in Northern Virginia. It was named after a nearby creek, Bull Run. On July 21st, 1861, there were over 5,000 casualties at the First Battle of Bull Run. For many, this battle is among the most famous of the Civil War. Yet, in importance, size and ferocity, the First Battle of Bull Run was eclipsed by what happened in August of 1862, when Union and Confederate troops again met in battle on the same fields.