United States. The Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution states that cruel and unusual punishments [shall not be] inflicted.. The general principles the United States Supreme Court relied on to decide whether or not a particular punishment was cruel and unusual were determined by Justice William Brennan.
Bydgoszcz [1] (also Bromberg, in German) is the capital city of the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voidship, Poland. It is located in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers, with a population of roughly 360 000, agglomeration more than 460 000, which makes it the 8th biggest city in Poland. Bydgoszcz is part of the metroplex Bydgoszcz-ToruÅ with ToruÅ, only 45 km away, and over 850,000 inhabitants.
Bydgoszcz is one of the major cities of Poland. It is located at the Northern part of the country of Poland. The Bydgoszcz city is known by the name of Bromberg in German and Bydgostia in Latin. The major two rivers that flow in the region are Vistula and Brda. The city of Bydgoszcz has the population of 369,151 people according to the latest Census. It is one of the largest cities in Poland and acquires the eighth rank in the country in its area. The area is one of the major cultural centers of the country.