A: The function of the cartilaginous rings of the trachea is to stabilize the trachea and keep it rigid while allowing the trachea to expand and lengthen when the person breathes. If the trachea was not supported in this way, it would simply collapse because of the pressure of the chest.
HCM remains the most common cardiovascular genetic disorder, occurring in at least 1 in 500 people in the general population. 7 HCM is a primary inherited disorder of the myocardium characterized by hypertrophy, usually of the left ventricle, in the absence of other loading conditions such as hypertension.
To date, abnormalities in particular genes have been linked to an elevated risk of Parkinsonâs disease. The three most common genes related to Parkinsonâs are PARK2 (parkin), LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) and glucocerebrosidase (GBA). Mutations in the GBA gene are most common in the general population. And mutations in the LLRK2 gene are most common in certain ethnic groups, accounting for about 30 to 40 percent of Parkinsonâs cases in North African Arabs and about 15 percent of Parkinsonâs cases in people of Ashkenazi Jewish descent.