Topics: Economics and Personal Finances, Socioeconomic Class. 1  Richard Fry is a senior researcher focusing on economics and education at Pew Research Center. 2  Rakesh Kochhar is an associate director of research at Pew Research Center.
In the United States, the Census Bureau determines who is poor using an economic poverty measure, by calculating official poverty estimates using a set of dollar-value thresholds, or minimum amount of income needed to meet basic needs, that vary by family size and composition.
Recent studies have suggested that off-task behavior is associated with poorer learning in individual use of Cognitive Tutors (Baker, Corbett, Koedinger, & Wagner, 2004; Baker, 2007) but with more positive effects on learning in collaborative use of learning software (Kumar et al, 2007). 1  Baker, R.S.J.d.