Phase And Vertical Shift. Phase and vertical shift refer to the transfer of a function in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. For the function , where A, B, C, and D are constants, the phase shift is defined as C/B. If the phase shift is positive, the shift occurs to the left; if the phase shift is negative, the shift occurs to the right.
So it is possible that a whole food meal will have a different impact on the duration of protein synthesis than pure amino acids. Our lab has recently shown that the duration of protein synthesis in response to a complete meal containing protein, carbohydrates, and fats is approximately 3 hours long. Therefore, it appears that a complete meal slightly prolongs the duration of protein synthesis.
Casein is considered a slow protein. When you consume casein, you will reach a peak in blood amino acids and protein synthesis between 3 to 4 hours.5,12. This peak, however, does not even come close to that of whey. On a scale of 1-10 (with 10 being the highest or fastest), whey would be a 10. Casein would come in with a meager rating of 2.