As blood from the digestive organs passes through the hepatic portal circulation, the hepatocytes of the liver monitor the contents of the blood and remove many potentially toxic substances before they can reach the rest of the body.
In Geometry, Translation simply means Moving ... ... without rotating, resizing or anything else, just moving. To Translate a shape: Every point of the shape must move: the same distance. in the same direction.
Translation and rotation mean essentially the same thing in robotics as in any other math/science/engineering context. Translation refers to the change in position of an object. Rotation refers to the change in orientation. Generally a translation is expressed as a single vector representing the change in position in space. A rotation is typically expressed as an orthonormal matrix - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro...