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Diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus). A disease in which the body does not control the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood and the kidneys make a large amount of urine. This disease occurs when the body does not make enough insulin or does not use it the way it should.PubMed Health Glossary.igher than normal amount of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood. Hyperglycemia can be a sign of diabetes or other conditions. Also called high blood sugar. Hypoglycemia. Also called low blood glucose, a condition that occurs when one's blood glucose is lower than normal, usually below 70 mg/dL.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. This form was previously referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes. 2  The cause is unknown. 3  Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. 4  As the disease progresses a lack of insulin may also develop.