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In single-cell organisms, mitosis is the only form of cellular reproduction. One round of mitosis yields two genetically identical cells. In bacteria, this process results in an entirely new, independent organism. This is classified as asexual reproduction because it does not require sex for the creation of new organisms. In multi-cellular organisms, like ourselves, mitosis only occurs in somatic cells, which comprise all cells in an organism excluding germ cells.
Another example could be if mitosis does not get out of control with growth rate the cell can divide improperly and the cell can have an unusually number of chromosomes. Then, if this cell replicates more and more cells from it will have this odd number of chromosomes and a number of problems can ensue. Meiosis involves the replication of sex cells. If this process goes awry the sex cell can have an odd number of chromosomes and this can lead to numerous genetic disorders. For examples, three number 21 chromosomes yields Down Syndrome and an extra X chromosome for a male can make him sterile.