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Antithyroid microsomal antibody is a test to measure antithyroid microsomal antibodies in the blood. Microsomes are found inside thyroid cells. The body produces antibodies to microsomes when there has been damage to thyroid cells. A blood sample is needed.
A third hypothyroid test is for anti-thyroid microsomal antibodiesâanti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO). These antibodies, which are produced by the immune system, may attack thyroid cells. If a blood test determines their presence, it shows that there has been thyroid damage which could potentially lead to hypothyroidism. This autoimmune damage characterizes Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Most primary care physicians do not test for anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies, so your doctor may refer you to a specialist for this particular test.