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In single-cell organisms, mitosis is the only form of cellular reproduction. One round of mitosis yields two genetically identical cells. In bacteria, this process results in an entirely new, independent organism. This is classified as asexual reproduction because it does not require sex for the creation of new organisms. In multi-cellular organisms, like ourselves, mitosis only occurs in somatic cells, which comprise all cells in an organism excluding germ cells.
Single-celled eukaryotes, such as amoeba and yeast, use mitosis to reproduce asexually and increase their population numbers. Multicellular eukaryotes use mitosis to grow or heal injured tissues. The second type of cell division, meiosis, is a specialized form of cell division that occurs in organisms that reproduce sexually (that is, by combining the unique genetic information of two parents). Meiosis produces reproductive cells, such as sperm cells, egg cells and spores from plants and fungi.