Litter box liners are created for the convenience of the cat parent but they often tear from the catâs claws. Itâs also easy for urine to form pools in the folds of the plastic and that creates an odor problem.
Intussusception should be a consideration if your pet has a history of vomiting or diarrhea that has a palpable mass in the abdomen. The mass can be felt as a thickened sausage-shaped intestinal loop. Occasionally the small bowel can be felt entering the mass.
Hepatic microvascular dysplasia or portal atresia is a hereditary condition. Dogs with abnormal bile acids should not be bred, and dogs that come from parents with abnormal bile acids should also not be bred.In addition, in rare cases, urinary calculi (bladder stones) can occur.rine is evaluated for evidence of infection and crystals; rarely, dogs with HMD will develop ammonium biurate crystals in the urine that look like spiky balls or starfish. Bile acids are measured after an overnight fast (preprandial or fasting) and then 2 hours after eating (postprandial).