A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye that affects vision. Most cataracts are related to aging. Cataracts are very common in older people. By age 80, more than half of all Americans either have a cataract or have had cataract surgery.
Acetylcholine. Acetylcholine (ACh) is the transmitter released by the preganglionic nerve terminals of both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions (Fig 6.2). The synapse at those sites utilizes a nicotinic receptor similar in structure to the receptor at the neuromuscular junction.
The efferent nerve fibers of motor neurons are involved in muscle control, both skeletal and smooth muscle. The cell body of the motor neuron is connected to a single, long axon and several shorter dendrites projecting out of the cell body itself. This axon then forms a neuromuscular junction with the effectors.