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Magma in Earth's Mantle Forms Deeper Than Once Thought. Study simulating pressures in mantle beneath the ocean floor shows that rocks can melt at depths up to 250 kilometers. When magma reaches Earth's surface and erupts from a volcano, it becomes lava.
The discovery was made in 1986 and the cave â because of the humid air that rises from it â has come to be known as Dragonâs Breath Cave. In its belly lies the largest underground non-subglacial lake in the world. So large, in fact, that divers have only been able to chart its depths to 430 feet. The lake has very clear water. Shielded from the elements, there is little wave action to kick up sediment.