The toxic effect is related linearly through a relatively large range of body weights, to the body weight of the victim, and, The mechanism of toxicity is the same for âsimilar animalsâ, i. e. one may conduct toxicity tests on say rats or mice and apply the LD50 data to human, since both are mammals.
For moderate menstrual cramps, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen [Advil, Motrin, Nuprin, etc.] or naproxen [Aleve, Anaprox, Naprosyn, Naprelan]) are often helpful.
Polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX) is available over the counter for short-term use for constipation in children and adults. Linaclotide (Linzess), lubiprostone (Amitiza), and plecanatide (Trulance) are prescription drugs for long-term use in chronic constipation in adults and the elderly. Over-the-counter laxatives are generally safe to use, with few side effects.