during cost analysis you will also compare the proposed cost elements with i actual costs ii previous cost estimates for same or similar work iii other cost estimates iv independent government estimates and v forecasts of planned expenditures
How Decibels Apply to Music and Sound. In music, decibels are a measurement of Sound Pressure Level (SPL). When we say the speakers at a rock concert are playing at 110dB, what we really mean is that theyâre playing at 110dB SPL. Since the decibel is only a ratio, 110dB is actually a comparison to a different number: 0 SPL.
Many orchestras in the United Kingdom adhere to this standard as concert pitch. In the United States some orchestras use A = 440 Hz, while others, such as the New York Philharmonic, use A = 442 Hz. The latter is also often used as a tuning frequency in Europe, especially in Denmark, France, Hungary, Italy, Norway and Switzerland.