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Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium through three major veins: the superior and inferior vena cava and the coronary sinus. The superior vena cava returns all of the blood to the heart from tissues superior to the heart in the head, neck, arms and upper thorax. Likewise, the inferior vena cava returns blood to the heart from tissues inferior to the heart, including the legs, abdomen and lower thorax.
This network of veins coalesces into the gonadal, or testicular, vein. The right gonadal vein drains into the inferior vena cava, while the left gonadal vein drains into the left renal vein at right angle to the renal vein, which then drains into the inferior vena cava. varicocele /ËvaerÉ¨kÉµsiËl/ ËvÃ¦rÉ¨kÉµsiËl is an abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform venous plexus in the. Scrotum this plexus of veins drains the. Testicles the testicular blood vessels originate in the abdomen and course down through the inguinal canal as part of the spermatic cord on their way to the. testis