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Magma in Earth's Mantle Forms Deeper Than Once Thought. Study simulating pressures in mantle beneath the ocean floor shows that rocks can melt at depths up to 250 kilometers. When magma reaches Earth's surface and erupts from a volcano, it becomes lava.
Because that is the opening to the worldâs deepest cave. 2. That shallow-looking opening is the tip of the iceberg that is larger than many of earthâs tallest manmade structure put together. Krubera Cave stretches more than 7,208 feet (2197m) toward the earthâs core. Located in the country of Georgia, this is the only cave on earth deeper than 2,000 meters, and it takes 27 days to reach the bottom.