Congress determines how many PAS and NC-SES appointments the president can make. But the president decides how many PA and Schedule C positions will be in his or her administration. Positions in the PAS category include high-ranking cabinet roles and judiciary appointments. PA positions include the president's executive staff. NC-SES jobs are senior management positions -- typically with titles like deputy undersecretary or bureau director.
How Long Does Medical Residency Training Last? Medical residency is a minimum of three years for primary care physicians and some other specialties, up to five years for some surgical specialties. (Some medical specialties require additional years of fellowship training in addition to the three to five years of residency training.)
Residency Years. After graduating from medical school, you must pass your state's medical board exam and complete a graduate residency program. During a residency, you will receive additional training under the guidance of senior physicians. The length of your residency can vary based on your specialty -- it may last from three to eight years. A family practice residency may require only a three-year residency, while a general surgical residency may require five years to complete.