If the author's name is not mentioned in the text. If the author's name is not used in the sentence introducing the source material, then include the author's last name in the parenthetical citation before the page number(s).
Most of the time, no apparent cause for night leg cramps can be identified. In general, night leg cramps are likely to be related to muscle fatigue and nerve problems. The risk of having night leg cramps increases with age. Pregnant women also have a higher likelihood of having night leg cramps. Several conditions, such as kidney failure and diabetic nerve damage, are known to cause night leg cramps. But if you have one of these, you're most likely aware of it and have symptoms other than night leg cramps.
Electrolyte Imbalance. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons explains that leg spasms may be caused by an electrolyte imbalance. Electrolytes are chemicals in the blood that regulate important body functions. When a person sweats during exercise, potassium, calcium and magnesium levels are depleted. Certain medications may also affect the chemical balance of these nutrients, which can create leg spasms. To prevent leg spasms, a patient should eat balanced meals to adequately supply nutrient levels and prevent leg spasms.