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Conclusion Questions 3.3.1 1. The walls of the alveoli in the lungs are incredibly thin. Explain how this structure is related to function in the body. The walls of the alveoli are extremely thin so that they can serve their purpose of allowing diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide to happen. This is where gas exchange occurs.
Between the alveoli is a thin layer of cells called the interstitium, which contains blood vessels and cells that help support the alveoli. The lungs are covered by a thin tissue layer called the pleura. The same kind of thin tissue lines the inside of the chest cavity -- also called pleura. Sarcoidosis: Tiny areas of inflammation can affect all organs in the body, with the lungs involved most of the time. 2  The symptoms are usually mild; sarcoidosis is usually found when X-rays are done for other reasons. 3  Obesity hypoventilation syndrome: Extra weight makes it difficult to expand the chest when breathing.