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Fibrous Pericardium. Continuous with the central tendon of the diaphragm, the fibrous pericardium is made of tough connective tissue and is relatively non-distensible. This rigidity prevents rapid overfilling of the heart, but can have several serious clinical consequences (see cardiac tamponade).
The pericardium is a thin tissue sac that surrounds the heart and consists of: Visceral pericardium -- an inner layer that envelopes the entire heart; A middle fluid layer to prevent friction between the visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium; Parietal pericardium -- an outer layer made of fibrous tissue; What Causes Pericarditis?