An absorbing dynamometer acts as a load that is driven by the prime mover that is under test (e.g. Pelton wheel). The dynamometer must be able to operate at any speed and load to any level of torque that the test requires.
Other factors which may contribute to flooding include: 1  volume, spatial distribution, intensity and duration of rainfall over a catchment; 2  the capacity of the watercourse or stream network to convey runoff; 3  catchment and weather conditions prior to a rainfall event; 4  ground cover; 5  topography; and. 6  tidal influences.
Flash floods are known to occur in the highest mountain ranges of the United States and are also common in the arid plains of the southwestern United States. Flash flooding can also be caused by extensive rainfall released by hurricanes and other tropical storms, as well as the sudden thawing effect of ice dams.Human activities can also cause flash floods to occur.lash flooding occurs when it rains rapidly on saturated soil or dry soil that has poor absorption ability. The runoff collects in gullies and streams and, as they join to form larger volumes, often forms a fast flowing front of water and debris.