The prognosis of isolated volar plate sprains of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint is related to the extension deficit. Some consider an associated avulsion fracture as a sign of severity. The goal of this study was to find out whether the outcomes of conservative treatment in PIP volar plate injury was impacted by the presence of an avulsion fracture.
Heartburn is a very common digestive problem linked to acid reflux, a condition where stomach acid and other contents flow backward from the stomach into the esophagus. This causes heartburn symptoms like burning sensations, chest pain, a sour taste in the mouth, and sometimes coughing or gassiness. Risk factors and causes of heartburn include eating a poor diet, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, older age and high levels of inflammation.
High-fat foods have long been believed to cause indigestion because they stay in the stomach longer than other foods before passing into the intestine. This might lead to dyspepsia symptoms, such as fullness and bloating. The effects of high-fat foods on heartburn are less clear. Spicy foods, such as onions, peppers and garlic, are also often blamed for indigestion and heartburn. As summarized in a March 2015 review in the journal Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease, some studies have found an association with spicy foods -- specifically onions and curry -- while other studies have not.