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Concrete first must be scoured clean with a concrete cleaning solution, a scrub brush or a cleaning machine, then allowed to dry before any etching takes place. Never clean a new concrete pad until at least one month of curing time has been allowed at minimum. After all the water has been removed, the pad should have at least 48 hours of drying time before you apply any etching to the surface. If the weather is particularly humid, wait up to 72 hours for best results. There are numerous types of etching materials available for use with concrete, but as a general rule, they only need 15 to 30 minutes of time on the surface of the concrete to work their way down through the initial layer and etch the surface.
Producers place sheets of retarder paper on the bottom of their forms or molds. For best results, one paper manufacturer suggests placing concrete in the middle of the paper, on its chemically treated side. The paper transfers the retarder to the fresh concrete it directly contacts. For wet-cast operations, the paper manufacturer recommends that concrete cure 18 hours if unheated, before stripping. If heated, they recommend letting the mix preset for a minimum of 3 hours before subjecting the concrete to heat.