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Lesson Summary. The atomic mass unit (AMU) is used by scientists to describe the mass of atoms. If you want to convert a mass in grams to AMU, all you need to do is divide by 1.660599 x 10^-24 g/AMU. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Create your account.
You can get the mass of all the elements in amu from the periodic table. For example, sodium chloride has one sodium atom with a mass of 22.9898 amu and one chlorine atom with a mass of 35.453 amu for a total of 58.4428 amu. So, one mole of sodium chloride is 58.4428 grams. If I have 29.2214 grams of sodium chloride, then I have half of a mole. One kilogram of sodium chloride is 1000 g / 58.4428 g = 17.1107 moles. (2) Convert moles to the number of molecules. This is easy, which is why the mole unit is so useful. The number of molecules in one mole is Avogadro's number: . (3) Count the number of constituents in each molecule. Each molecule of sodium chloride has one sodium atom and one chlorine atom. So, from the previous step, 10 grams of sodium chloride has sodium atoms and the same number of chlorine atoms.