The resulting mRNA is a single-stranded copy of the gene, which next must be translated into a protein molecule. During translation, which is the second major step in gene expression, the mRNA is read according to the genetic code, which relates the DNA sequence to the amino acid sequence in proteins (Figure 2).
This group of drugs followed and largely superseded another group of medications with similar effects, but a different mode of action, called H2-receptor antagonists. PPIs are among the most widely sold drugs in the world, and the first one, omeprazole, is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines.
PPIs are a type of drug used to ease the symptoms of acid-related conditions. Some of these conditions include serious acid reflux/heartburn, GERD, peptic ulcers (a sore in the lining of the stomach), and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, a condition in which tumors in the pancreas cause the stomach to make too much acid. PPIs work to lessen the amount of acid made in the lining of the stomach. When PPIs work, the symptoms of severe heartburn, acid reflux, and GERD bother you less. Depending on your diagnosis, your healthcare provider may give you a PPI for only a few weeks, or you may need longer treatment.