Assigning oxygenated hemoglobin's oxidation state is difficult because oxyhemoglobin (Hb-O2), by experimental measurement, is diamagnetic (no net unpaired electrons), yet the lowest-energy (ground-state) electron configurations in both oxygen and iron are paramagnetic (suggesting at least one unpaired electron in the complex).
Assault is a tort, and means, in common law, that someone did wrong to another person. Under tort law, it is a civil action, but is also considered a criminal act. For our purposes, we will focus on the tort of assault. There are two parties to an assault, the plaintiff, who is the injured party, and the defendant, or tortfeasor who committed the assault.
Learn about misdemeanor assault, along with the penalties and defenses. Assault is a crime of violence, which is defined differently from one state to another. Some states define assault as the intentional use of force or violence against another, such as punching a person or striking the victim with an object.