There is some evidence which suggests that the use of Irish stick weapons may have evolved in a progression from a reliance on long spears and wattles, to shorter spears and wattles, to the shillelagh, alpeen, blackthorn (walking-stick) and short cudgel.
Moreover, most of the associated drugs fatalities including tramadol have been reported with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, particularly benzodiazepine [9], [10], [11], [13] and [14]. In certain cases, benzodiazepine levels were in the therapeutic range or slightly higher.
Tramadol not marketed as an opiate but the mechanism of action is just the same.Some clinicians have assumed this popular analgesic's nonscheduled status under the Controlled Substance Act (CSA) means tramadol has no substance abuse potential.ramadol is a man-made pain reliever. Its exact mechanism of action is unknown but similar morphine. You should never stop taking Tramadol abruptly. This may cause serious issues. Some side effects of Tramadol include, vertigo or dizziness, some weakness, visual disturbances and loss of coordination.