There is some evidence which suggests that the use of Irish stick weapons may have evolved in a progression from a reliance on long spears and wattles, to shorter spears and wattles, to the shillelagh, alpeen, blackthorn (walking-stick) and short cudgel.
Moreover, most of the associated drugs fatalities including tramadol have been reported with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, particularly benzodiazepine [9], [10], [11], [13] and [14]. In certain cases, benzodiazepine levels were in the therapeutic range or slightly higher.
Morphine is an opiate and also an opioid. If you take heroin, and then a drug test, you will ABSOLUTELY test positive for opiates. Tramadol, which is an opioid, will not show positive for opiates. <b>Opiates</b> are derived directly from the opium poppy by departing and purifying the various chemicals in the poppy. <b>Opioids</b> include all opiates but also include chemicals that have been synthesised in some way. <br /><br />So heroine is and opioid but not an opiate.