Carl H. Eigenmann an ichthyologist wrote Cave vertebrates of America: a study in degenerative evolution (1909) in which he concluded that cave evolution was essentially degenerative. The entomologist William Morton Wheeler and the Lamarckian Ernest MacBride (1866-1940) also advocated degenerative evolution.
fumaric acid - a colorless crystalline acid with a fruity taste; used in making polyester resins. acid - any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt. Translations. FumarsÃ¤ure
Maleic acid is a less stable molecule than fumaric acid. The difference in heat of combustion is 22.7 kJÂ·mol â1. The heat of combustion is -1355 kJ/mole. Maleic acid is more soluble in water than fumaric acid.The melting point of maleic acid (135 Â°C) is also much lower than that of fumaric acid (287 Â°C).he major industrial use of maleic acid is its conversion to fumaric acid. This conversion, an isomerization, is catalysed by a variety of reagents, such as mineral acids and thiourea. Again, the large difference in water solubility makes fumaric acid purification easy.