By averaging all 6 values, we can estimate that an average European Swallow flies at cruising speed with a frequency of roughly 15 beats per. second, and an amplitude of roughly 22 cm. Last monthâs article on The Strouhal Number in Cruising Flight showed how simplified flight waveforms that graph amplitude versus.
In the anteroposterior direction, the curvature is referred to as kyphosis (increased posterior convexity of the spine) or lordosis (increased posterior concavity of the spine). Most scoliosis also has a rotational component. Conventional radiographs (x-rays) are an excellent means for assessing scoliosis.ospital for Special Surgery. Spinal malalignment-Scoliosis and Listhesis. Scoliosis refers to abnormal curvature of the spine. Scoliosis may result from various structural causes, although the most common form of scoliosis is called idiopathic scoliosis, which has no known cause.
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a compression of the spinal cord in the neck. CSM often affects older adults.In people with CSM, changes in the bones, discs and ligaments of the spine cause pressure on the spinal cord.Some changes are because of normal aging.ome changes are caused by arthritis of the spine. CSM is the most common spinal cord problem in people 55 years and older in the United States. If CSM is not treated, it will usually stay the same or get worse.