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Within eukaryotes, DNA replication is controlled within the context of the cell cycle. As the cell grows and divides, it progresses through stages in the cell cycle; DNA replication takes place during the S phase (synthesis phase).
DNA replication occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle. During the S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA double helix is unwound by the enzyme helicase and each single helix is duplicated by assembly of nucleotides by DNA polymerase.