Carl H. Eigenmann an ichthyologist wrote Cave vertebrates of America: a study in degenerative evolution (1909) in which he concluded that cave evolution was essentially degenerative. The entomologist William Morton Wheeler and the Lamarckian Ernest MacBride (1866-1940) also advocated degenerative evolution.
fumaric acid - a colorless crystalline acid with a fruity taste; used in making polyester resins. acid - any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt. Translations. FumarsÃ¤ure
The bromine radicals recombine and fumaric acid is formed. In another method (used as a classroom demonstration), maleic acid is transformed into fumaric acid through the process of heating the maleic acid in hydrochloric acid solution.he major industrial use of maleic acid is its conversion to fumaric acid. This conversion, an isomerization, is catalysed by a variety of reagents, such as mineral acids and thiourea. Again, the large difference in water solubility makes fumaric acid purification easy.