Soil Profile. There are different types of soil, each with its own set of characteristics. Dig down deep into any soil, and youâll see that it is made of layers, or horizons (O, A, E, B, C, R). Put the horizons together, and they form a soil profile. Like a biography, each profile tells a story about the life of a soil. Most soils have three major horizons (A, B, C) and some have an organic horizon (O).
At a pilot facility in Singapore, Siemens has cut the energy needed to desalinate seawater by more than 50 percent. The plant processes 50 cubic meters of water per day, consuming only 1.5 kilowatt-hours of electricity per cubic meter.
The process of removing dissolved minerals, such as salt, from sea water and brackish groundwater is gaining favor as a method of augmenting urban water supplies. Estimates are that seawater and brackish water desalination will increase by 10 to 20 percent in the next decade, with existing and envisioned operations eventually generating an estimated 700 million gallons per day.