There is some evidence which suggests that the use of Irish stick weapons may have evolved in a progression from a reliance on long spears and wattles, to shorter spears and wattles, to the shillelagh, alpeen, blackthorn (walking-stick) and short cudgel.
Moreover, most of the associated drugs fatalities including tramadol have been reported with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, particularly benzodiazepine [9], [10], [11], [13] and [14]. In certain cases, benzodiazepine levels were in the therapeutic range or slightly higher.
Tramadol (Ultram) is an atypical opioid drug that is primarily utilized to help people manage moderate or severe pain. It is considered an âatypicalâ opioid due to the fact that it also prevents the reuptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine.