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Within eukaryotes, DNA replication is controlled within the context of the cell cycle. As the cell grows and divides, it progresses through stages in the cell cycle; DNA replication takes place during the S phase (synthesis phase).
Introduction. Chromosomal DNA replication occurs during a phase of the cell cycle known as the S phase. Although the length of the S phase can vary significantly between different cell types, several absolute controls exist that dictate when and how many times in a cell cycle DNA replication can occur. First, chromosomes must be duplicated once and only once in each cell cycle.