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Within eukaryotes, DNA replication is controlled within the context of the cell cycle. As the cell grows and divides, it progresses through stages in the cell cycle; DNA replication takes place during the S phase (synthesis phase).
Yes, for eukaryotes which have a nucleus and therefore have to do nuclear division (mitosis), DNA replication occurs during a specific period of interphase. Protein synthesis, which includes transcription and translation, occurs throughout interphase. But neither replication nor protein synthesis occur during M-phase. The DNA is simply too condensed to access for either replication or transcription.