In a federal system, the central (or federal) government has much more authority than in a confederal system. The central government controls more trade policy, and makes decisions about policy areas that involve interactions between states (such as highway systems).
Nationality is a legal relationship between an individual person and a state. Nationality affords the state jurisdiction over the person and affords the person the protection of the state. What these rights and duties are vary from state to state.
Nationality is often used as a synonym for citizenship in English â notably in international law â although the term is sometimes understood as denoting a person's membership of a nation (a large ethnic group). person can be a citizen for several reasons. Usually citizenship of the place of birth is automatic; in other cases an application may be required. 1  Parents are citizens (jus sanguinis).