14 Spontaneous Retrieval inProspective Memory MARK A. McDANIEL and GILLES O. EINSTEIN O ur chapter, like others in this volume, focuses on episodic memory.Otherchapters have approached episodic memory as a process or system topreserve an individualâs mental record of his or her past.instein, & M. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective memory: Theory and applications (pp. 115â142). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval pro-cesses.
The whiptail stingrays are a family, Dasyatidae, of rays in the order Myliobatiformes. They are found worldwide in tropical to temperate marine waters, and a number of species have also penetrated into fresh water in North America, Africa, Asia, and Australia.
A wide ranging pelagic species (probably the only one among the dasyatid rays) that may be found on the substrate or free swimming in open water. Abundance and distribution: The pelagic stingray is probably circumglobal in tropical and warmer subtropical and temperate seas. In Eastern Atlantic there are scattered reports from the southern Mediterranean, Cape Verde, to Southern Africa. In eastern Pacific from California, throughout Baja and Galapagos. Also Chile.