By averaging all 6 values, we can estimate that an average European Swallow flies at cruising speed with a frequency of roughly 15 beats per. second, and an amplitude of roughly 22 cm. Last monthâs article on The Strouhal Number in Cruising Flight showed how simplified flight waveforms that graph amplitude versus.
In the anteroposterior direction, the curvature is referred to as kyphosis (increased posterior convexity of the spine) or lordosis (increased posterior concavity of the spine). Most scoliosis also has a rotational component. Conventional radiographs (x-rays) are an excellent means for assessing scoliosis.ospital for Special Surgery. Spinal malalignment-Scoliosis and Listhesis. Scoliosis refers to abnormal curvature of the spine. Scoliosis may result from various structural causes, although the most common form of scoliosis is called idiopathic scoliosis, which has no known cause.
Thoracolumbar Spine Syndrome. Thoracolumbar syndrome, also called posterior ramus syndrome, dorsal ramus syndrome or Maigne syndrome, is a painful condition which is theorized to exist primary due to facet joint issues at the junction between the middle spine and lower spine.he lumbar spine, on the other hand, is the place where disc degeneration and spinal arthritis are almost universal in human adults. The lower back must constantly bend and flex, carrying huge loads of stress which obvious wear down the vertebrae and intervertebral discs as part of their normal lifespans.