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Bile duct stones are typically removed using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), a minimally invasive procedure that combines x-ray and upper endoscopyâan exam of the upper gastrointestinal tract, consisting of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum (the first part of the small intestine)âusing an endoscope, which is a lighted, flexible tube, about the thickness of a finger.
This procedure is most effective for stones in the kidney or upper ureter. Lithrotripsy uses an instrument, machine, or probe to break the stone into tiny particles that can pass naturally. This procedure is not appropriate for patients with very large stones or certain other medical conditions. Ultrasonic lithotripsy uses high frequency sound waves delivered through an electronic probe inserted into the ureter to break up the kidney stone. The fragments are passed by the patient or removed surgically.