By 1998 the NHS breast screening programme had directly produced a reduction in annual mortality from breast cancer of 6-7% in women aged 55-69, although the sensitivity analysis indicated a probable range of 5-12%.ubjects: Women aged 40 to 79 years. Results: Compared with predicted mortality in the absence of screening or other effects the total reduction in mortality from breast cancer in 1998 in women aged 55-69 was estimated as 21.3%.
In the field of mathematical optimization, stochastic programming is a framework for modeling optimization problems that involve uncertainty. Whereas deterministic optimization problems are formulated with known parameters, real world problems almost invariably include some unknown parameters.
The wear and tear theory is a stochastic theory of aging A stochastic event is any event that is fundamentally random.Therefore, a stochastic theory means it is a theory based on the effects of random events.ifferent rates and patterns of aging can be produced by wear and tear on the body due to variation in the duration and severity of perceived stressors. More severe and long lasting stressors can induce aging faster than less severe and short lasting stressors.