With measurement errors taken into account in the simultaneous fitting of the measurement and the new regression equations, estimation of is unbiased; hence it reflects the true relationship much better. Certainly, introducing latent factors in models is not a free lunch..
A function point is a unit of measurement to express the amount of business functionality an information system (as a product) provides to a user. Function points measure software size. The cost (in dollars or hours) of a single unit is calculated from past projects. As of 2013, there are several recognized standards and/or public specifications for sizing software based on Function Point. 1. ISO Standards. 1  COSMIC: ISO/IEC 19761:2011 Software engineering.
What is the isoelectric Point? Various acidic and basic functional groups on amino acid side chains and termini of proteins and Peptides may be charged. The presence of a charge is dependent on the pKa values of the groups and the pH of the solution. The isoelectric point (pI) of a peptide is defined as the pH at which the peptide has a net charge of zero. 1  At pH values below the pI, peptides carry a net positive charge; 2  Above the pI, they carry a net negative charge.