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Catabolic reactions give out energy. They are exergonic. In a catabolic reaction large molecules are broken down into smaller ones. For example, the reverse of the condensation reactions described above, i.e. hydrolysis reactions, are catabolic.
1. Catabolism. 1  The process by which complex molecules are broken down into smaller, simpler molecules. 2  Also known as: destructive metabolism. 3  Word derivation: Cata: down. Bolism: to throw.  Two key results of catabolism: Stored energy is released. Complex molecules are broken into smaller molecules.