Weathering. Weathering is the alteration and breakdown of rock minerals and rock masses when they are exposed to the atmosphere. Weathering processes occur in situ, that is, in the same place, with no major movement of rock materials involved.
Lawful action, such as an agreement consciously agreed to by two or more entities, establishing lawful accountability. For example, an apartment lease legally binds the lessor and the lessee. An illegal action, such as forcing, tricking, or coercing a person into an agreement, is not legally binding.
A binding ruling is Inland Revenue's interpretation of how a tax law applies to a particular arrangement. An arrangement is any agreement, contract, plan or understanding (whether enforceable or not), including any steps and transactions that carry it into effect. Binding rulings can provide certainty on the tax position for a wide range of transactions, from complex financing transactions to land subdivisions.