The Allegory of the Cave. The dialogue between Socrates and Glaucon is probably fictitious and composed by Plato; whether or not the allegory originated with Socrates, or if Plato is using his mentor as a stand-in for his own idea, is unclear. In the dialogue, Socrates asks Glaucon to imagine a cave, in which prisoners are kept.
The d sublevel consists of five orbitals that can hold a maximum of  two electrons each. The total maximum number of electrons that the  d sublevel can hold is 10 electrons.
The third column is the maximum number of electrons that can be put into a subshell of that type. For example, the top row says that each s-type subshell (1s, 2s, etc.) can have at most two electrons in it. In each case the figure is 4 greater than the one above it. The fourth column says which shells have a subshell of that type. For example, looking at the top two rows, every shell has an s subshell, while only the second shell and higher have a p subshell (i.e., there is no 1p subshell). The final column gives the historical origin of the labels s, p, d, and f.