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Speciation, the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution. Speciation involves the splitting of a single evolutionary lineage into two or more genetically independent lineages.
Speciation is the evolutionary process by which biological populations evolve to become distinct species. The biologist Orator F. Cook coined the term 'speciation' in 1906 for the splitting of lineages or cladogenesis, as opposed to anagenesis or phyletic evolution within lineages.