Vasopressin has three main effects: 1  Increasing the water permeability of distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct cells in the kidney, thus allowing water reabsorption and excretion of more concentrated urine, i.e., antidiuresis.
Some of the complications of gastroparesis include: 1  Food that stays in the stomach too long can ferment, which can lead to the growth of bacteria.  Food in the stomach can harden into a solid collection, called a bezoar. Bezoars can cause obstructions in the stomach that keep food from passing into the small intestine.
Bloating caused by overeating, gas, stress, and indigestion may resolve on its own within few hours. Stomach flu cause pain and bloating, but usually go away without any specific treatment. If the abdominal pain and bloating occur after every meal or occur with painful bowel movement, doctorâs advice is needed.