Vasopressin has three main effects: 1  Increasing the water permeability of distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct cells in the kidney, thus allowing water reabsorption and excretion of more concentrated urine, i.e., antidiuresis.
Some of the complications of gastroparesis include: 1  Food that stays in the stomach too long can ferment, which can lead to the growth of bacteria.  Food in the stomach can harden into a solid collection, called a bezoar. Bezoars can cause obstructions in the stomach that keep food from passing into the small intestine.
Some Common Causes. Sometimes a muscle spasm in the stomach will occur when one is constipated. Once the constipation has been successfully dealt with, the spasms will cease. Pressure is one of the possible causes of a stomach spasm or cramp. Remove the pressure, or the source of the pressure, and the stomach muscles will stop misbehaving. Dehydration is another common cause.