Bile salts give stool its characteristic brown color. If there is decreased bile flow caused by a condition affecting your gallbladder, liver, or pancreas (such as cholecystitis, gallstones, giardia, hepatitis, chronic pancreatitis, or cirrhosis), there may be a lack of bile in stool, making them pale or clay colored.
The writer uses irony in the passage with the sense of purposes to it. This purposes includes, criticizing the adults, to sympathize the children and also to create a tragic situation in the passage. Firstly, the writer uses the technique irony to criticize the adult.
Thus, this irony heightens the sense of tragedy in the passage, as well as making the readers sympathize with the children. The above reveals that the author is against the mistreatment of the adults towards the children in the orphanage ( or authorities to minorities for that matter ).