In 1903, Marie and Pierre Curie were awarded half the Nobel Prize in Physics. The citation was, in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel..
Elementary algebra is the most basic form of algebra. 1  It is taught to students who are presumed to have no knowledge of mathematics beyond the basic principles of arithmetic. In arithmetic, only numbers and their arithmetical operations (such as +, â, Ã, Ã·) occur.
The high degree of skill in mathematics led to advancements in many other fields, such as astronomy, cartography, surveying and engineering, commerce, art, and architecture. The best-known contribution by early Muslim mathematicians was the transfer of Indian numerals, the concept of zero, and its notation. This transfer was a direct result of the openness of Muslims to new ideas, and the burst of exploration and travel, collection of books and scholarly work from every civilization Muslims encountered.