Sample Statistics. 1  x refers to a sample mean. 2  s refers to the standard deviation of a sample. 3  s2 refers to the variance of a sample. 4  p refers to the proportion of sample elements that have a particular attribute. 5  q refers to the proportion of sample elements that do not have a particular attribute, so q = 1 - p.
Ecology/Environmental Response. The most basic interest of ecologists is how organisms interact with their environment. Inanimate objects do not normally interactâthey are simply acted upon by forces in the environment. Organisms, however, cannot be totally passive within a chain of events and still sustain life.
Stimulus and Response in Plants and Animals. Extracts from this document... Topic: Response of plants and animals Stimulus and Response Plants and animals receive information about changes in conditions both inside and outside their bodies. Any information to which an organism reacts is known as a stimulus because it stimulates the organism to make a response. A stimulus could be an external event, e.g. change in the direction of light, change in light intensity or change in temperature.