Organic acids are ubiquitous throughout the field of chemistry. Whether used as a solvent, a substrate, a strong acid, or in a catalytic amount as a Bronsted acid source, organic acids are as commonplace as glassware for the researcher.
where p is the frequency of the A allele and q is the frequency of the a allele in the population. In the equation, p 2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype AA, q 2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa.
Since there are two alleles, A and a, and if we let the frequency of the dominant allele be represented by p, then the sum of the frequencies of the two alleles is one: p + q = 1 p = 1 - q p = 1 - 0.3 p = 0.7 So, since the frequency of the dominant homozygotes, AA, is given by p^2, then: p^2 = 0.7 x 0.7 = 0.49