About the data: We used the family income data from the 2013 American Community Survey. This counts only families, which the government defines as households with two or more people related by birth, marriage or adoption. The graph focuses on families living in the country's 30 most populous cities.
Diseases and conditions that may cause edema include: 1  Congestive heart failure. 2  Cirrhosis. 3  Kidney disease.  Kidney 1  damage. Weakness or damage to veins in your legs.  Inadequate lymphatic 1  system. Symptoms.  Risk factors.
Other common causes of edema [water accumulation] in the calves, ankles and/or feet include dehydration, prolonged standing or excessive exposure to extreme temperatures [hot or cold]. In these cases, the swelling lasts just a few hours or a day or two.