Organic acids are ubiquitous throughout the field of chemistry. Whether used as a solvent, a substrate, a strong acid, or in a catalytic amount as a Bronsted acid source, organic acids are as commonplace as glassware for the researcher.
where p is the frequency of the A allele and q is the frequency of the a allele in the population. In the equation, p 2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype AA, q 2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa.
Methods: The Hardy-Weinberg model consists of two equations: one that calculates allele frequencies and one that calculates genotype frequencies. Because we are dealing with frequencies, both equations must add up to 1. The equation p + q = 1. describes allele frequencies for a gene with two alleles.