Bile salts give stool its characteristic brown color. If there is decreased bile flow caused by a condition affecting your gallbladder, liver, or pancreas (such as cholecystitis, gallstones, giardia, hepatitis, chronic pancreatitis, or cirrhosis), there may be a lack of bile in stool, making them pale or clay colored.
The writer uses irony in the passage with the sense of purposes to it. This purposes includes, criticizing the adults, to sympathize the children and also to create a tragic situation in the passage. Firstly, the writer uses the technique irony to criticize the adult.
There was a touch of irony in the tone, to the only one there who had the key to its burden. There was irony mixed with anger in his reply, which was half interrogative. Whether England is still in existence or not, I suppose, said Servadac, in a tone of irony.