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# of neutrons = Mass Number - Number of Protons. To be able to apply this formula, refer to the atomic number and atomic weight of the elements. These two are listed in the Periodic Table of Elements. Take note that atomic number refers to the number of protons in an atom of an element.
In order to write an equation for a nuclear reaction, we must first establish some basic rules. Each of the elements involved in the reaction is identified by the chemical symbol. Two numbers are attached to the symbol. The number at the upper right is the mass number, also known as the A number. The 'A' number describes the atomic weight of the atom and identifies the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. The number at the lower left is the atomic number, or Z number. The 'Z' number describes the number of protons in the nucleus and determines the type of atom.