A blood alcohol concentration (BAC) or blood alcohol level (BAL) reflects the amount of alcohol in the body. Food, type and quantity of beverage, weight, sex, and rate of elimination determine the BAC after the consumption of alcohol.
The process of oxygen transfer in the gills of a fish is a good example of the benefits of countercurrent exchange. As oxygen poor blood meets an opposed flow of oxygen rich water, the oxygen begins to diffuse out of the water and into the blood stream.
5 Sol-Air Temperature Sol-air temperature (Tsol) is the fictitious temperature of the outdoor air which, in the absence of radiative exchanges on the outer surface of the roof or wall, would give the same rate of heat transfer (Q) through the wall or roof as the actual combined heat transfer mechanism between the sun, the surface of the roof or wall, the outdoor air and the surroundings.