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From there, blood makes its way to the Vena cava, the largest vein in the body to return to the heart. Portal hypertension describes elevated pressure within the portal system, including the portal vein and the tributary veins that drain into it.
What Causes Portal Hypertension? The most common cause of portal hypertension is cirrhosis of the liver. Cirrhosis is scarring which accompanies the healing of liver injury caused by hepatitis, alcohol, or other less common causes of liver damage. In cirrhosis, the scar tissue blocks the flow of blood through the liver.