The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material found in all living organisms and is found in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the chloroplasts and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the DNA is not enclosed in a membranous envelope.
A program written in a compiled language is first translated to machine language by another program called a compiler. The compiler parses each statement in the program and outputs an equivalent sequence of machine or assembly instructions.
Machine code is binary (1's and 0's) code that can be executed directly by the cpu. If you were to open a machine code file in a text editor you would see garbage, including unprintable characters (no, not those unprintable characters ;).