Organic acids are ubiquitous throughout the field of chemistry. Whether used as a solvent, a substrate, a strong acid, or in a catalytic amount as a Bronsted acid source, organic acids are as commonplace as glassware for the researcher.
where p is the frequency of the A allele and q is the frequency of the a allele in the population. In the equation, p 2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype AA, q 2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa.
1 The frequency of the recessive allele. 2  Answer: Since we believe that the homozygous recessive for this gene (q 2) represents 4% (i.e. = 0.04), the square root (q) is 0.2 (20%). 3  The frequency of the dominant allele. 4  Answer: Since q = 0.2, and p + q = 1, then p = 0.8 (80%). The frequency of each allele in the population. 2  Answer: Since MM = p 2, MN = 2pq, and NN = q 2, then p (the frequency of the M allele) must be the square root of 0.49, which is 0.7. 3  Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0.3.