1 flank pain, 2  nausea and/or vomiting. 3  Kidney pain can be on the left, right, or both sides. 4  Causes of kidney pain are diagnosed with the patient's history and physical examination, and lab tests including blood, pregnancy, and urine tests.
The fern life cycle and moss life cycle are similar in that they have alternation between sporophyte and gametophyte stages and that both rely on layers of water so that their sperm can swim from one...
Unlike more advanced plants, mosses have a dominant haploid life stage. That is, the moss that you see is the gametophyte and only contains one set - rather than the normal two sets - of chromosomes. The haploid stage starts with a spore. This can either be a male or female spore. The male spore will develop into a mature gametophyte that contains structures to make male gametes.