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From there, blood makes its way to the Vena cava, the largest vein in the body to return to the heart. Portal hypertension describes elevated pressure within the portal system, including the portal vein and the tributary veins that drain into it.
Portal hypertension usually results from cirrhosis (severe scarring of the liver), which is commonly caused by consumption of large amounts of alcohol or by viral hepatitis. Ascites may occur in other liver disorders, such as severe alcoholic hepatitis without cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, and obstruction of the hepatic vein (Budd-Chiari syndrome). In people with a liver disorder, ascitic fluid leaks from the surface of the liver and intestine and accumulates within the abdomen.