American Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights Timeline. Portuguese negotiate the first slave trade agreement that also includes gold and ivory. By the end of the 19th Century, because of the slave trade, five times as many Africans (over 11 million) would arrive in the Americas than Europeans.
Consequently, on June 27, 1963, Ernesto Miranda was convicted and sentenced to two concurrent terms of 20-30 years imprisonment. But Alvin Moore's arguments about the confession had touched off a legal firestorm. Miranda's conviction was appealed all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. On June 13, 1966, Chief Justice Earl Warren, speaking for a 5-4 majority, for the first time established unequivocal guidelines about what is and what is not permissible in the interrogation room:
Miranda v. Arizona (1966) gave rise to the âMiranda warningâ now issued upon arrest after the Court ruled 5-4 that suspects must be informed of their rights before they are questioned. These rights include the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination and the Sixth Amendment right to an attorney.