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dog O.E. docga, a late, rare word used of a powerful breed of canine. It forced out O.E. hund (the general Germanic and IE word; see canine) by 16c. and subsequently was picked up in many continental languages (cf. Fr. dogue, Dan. dogge), but the origin remains one of the great mysteries of English etymology.
The scientific name for the dog, or domestic canine, is Canis lupus familiaris. This scientific name is of Latin origin, and the literal meaning is friendly wolf dog..