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Epilepsy is a brain disorder in which a person has repeated seizures over time. Seizures are episodes of uncontrolled and abnormal firing of brain cells that may cause changes in attention or behavior. Epilepsy occurs when permanent changes in the brain cause it to be too excitable or irritable. As a result, the brain sends out abnormal signals. This leads to repeated, unpredictable seizures. (A single seizure that does not happen again is not epilepsy.)
A Scripps Health answered. Determining the root causes of seizures is critically important, as they can have other causes besides epilepsy. Many people have one or more seizures in the course of their lifetime. These can be caused by head trauma, a brain infection, exposure to chemicals or other causes.