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Neurons have three main parts: 1  Cell body or Soma: it is the main part of the cell, the one that makes all metabolism and functions. It is very similar to other body cells, except for the difference that neurons do not replicate.  Axon: it is the longest and most important part of the neuron, it transmit the impulse.
Click the identified structures on the model neuron to move to the related section. The region of the neuron containing the nucleus is known as the cell body, soma, or perikaryon (Figure 8.2). The cell body is the metabolic center of the neuron.