The establishment of the festival was initiated by President VÃ¡clav Havel, who opened Prague Castle to artists at the beginning of the 1990s in order to attract the public. The first performance of Shakespeare took place here in 1990 and the festival has been held here regularly since 1998.
1 A black dwarf is a white dwarf that has cooled sufficiently such that it no longer emits any visible light. 2  A brown dwarf is a substellar object not massive enough to ever fuse hydrogen into helium, but still massive enough to fuse deuterium âless than about 0.08 solar masses and more than about 13 Jupiter masses.
A black hole is a region of spacetime exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothingâincluding particles and electromagnetic radiation such as lightâcan escape from inside it. The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass can deform spacetime to form a black hole.