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What is the thumb IP joint and what problems occur? The IP joint is the end joint of the thumb. It is shaped as a double dome side by side on the hand side of the joint and two side by side matching shallow curves on the nail side. This allows mobility in bending and straightening but stability in sideways and twisting movements.
Osteoarthritis causes cartilage-- a tough but flexible tissue that covers the ends of the bones forming a joint -- to wear away gradually. Thumb osteoarthritis most commonly affects the joint at the base of the thumb, also known as the basal joint or the carpometacarpal joint (CMC joint). The CMC joint is formed where the metacarpal bone of the thumb attaches to the trapezium bone of the wrist.