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Cells are later taken from the new sample and stained. The laboratory specialist uses a microscope to examine the size, shape, and number of chromosomes in the cell sample. The stained sample is photographed to show the arrangement of the chromosomes. This is called a karyotype. Certain problems can be identified through the number or arrangement of the chromosomes.
The term karyotype refers to the basic map, or picture, of the number,type, and structure of the chromosomes of a cell. The karyotype is created through a process in which a cell s mitotic division is halted or trapped during metaphase and held suspended by chemicals.