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And the lungs are a core component of this vital task. The lungs are part of the respiratory system, and are divided into lobes or sections. The right lung has three lobes and the left lung has two lobes. You can think of each lobe as a balloon: It inflates when you breathe in and deflates when you breathe out. Each lung sits next to the heart. They are safeguarded by a thin tissue called the pleura. Inside the lungs are millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli. These sacs â about 300 million total â are overlapped or interwoven by capillaries, which are fine blood vessels.
The respiratory system consists of a pair of lungs and a trachea through which we draw in air. Air pressure of the atmosphere forces the air inside. For this to happen, the body must lower air pressure inside the chest cavity. It does this by expanding the cavity, using muscles in the rib cage and a special muscle called a diaphragm located under the lungs. When we breathe, the air is first drawn in through the mouth and nose. Moving downward, it goes through the pharynx (or the throat) and through the larynx (or the voice box). From there, it enters the main airway called the trachea. The trachea has rings of cartilage supporting it. The trachea branches off into two bronchi, one for each lung.