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The initial ICD implantation costs range from $28,500 to $55,200*, with an annual follow-up cost from $4,800 to $17,000. Most insurance companies will cover these fees. *Systematic Review of ICD Costs and Outcomes (2006, Peter W. Groeneveld, MD, MS).
Results Of the 382 total cases, 331 were included for further anal-ysis (Table I) and their characteristics are presented in Table II. The median ICU cost per day of survivors was $1,357 for medical cases and $1,501 for surgical cases. Respective cost per day values for non-ICU (ward) care were $232 and $281. Differences in cost per day were $1,152 for medical survivors and $1,220 for surgical survivors. The mean ratios of ICU to non-ICU cost per day for survivors were 6.2 for surgical cases and 7.2 for medical cases. The 95% confidence intervals for the difference mean cost per day between ICU and non-ICU cost per day were $1,201 and $1,356 for surgical survivors, and $1,154 and $1,294 for medical survivors.