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Synchronous Speed When Alternating current (AC) is applied to the stator of a three phase motor, a rotating magnetic field is setup. This rotating magnetic field moves with a speed called synchronous speed. The Synchronous speed can be calculated as follows: 120 times the frequency (F), divided by the number of poles (P): The synchronous speed decreases as the number of poles increases. The table below shows the synchronous speed associated with various numbers of poles at supply frequencies of 50Hz and 60Hz: Rated Speed. The speed of operation of an AC motor when fully loaded at rated voltage is called the rated speed.
The synchronous speed is given by RPM = 120 X f / p where f is the frequency and p is the number of poles. The conductors in the rotor pass through the magnetic field of the stator at the slip speed. As a result an alternating current is generated in the rotor. The frequency of that current is the rotor frequency or slip frequency given by slip frequency = slip speed X p / 120. At full load, the slip speed of a standard, 3-phase motor is about 1% to 2.5% of synchronous speed. A motor with 6% slip would be classified as a high-slip motor.