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If energy is stored in chemical bonds, and bond formation is always an exothermic process, doesn't that imply that bond formation both stores and releases energy? How is this possible? I'm clearly not understanding some basic tenet of chemistry. For example, H+ and OH- neutralize to form H2O.
Probably because its dissolution is exothermic. Whether compound's enthalpy of solution is positive or negative, depends on various factors. Firstly, we need to understand what steps does the dissolution consist of. We need to break bonds in solute. To break bonds we need to donate energy, so this step is clearly endothermic. We need to break attractive forces between molecules of solvent as well. In case of water mostly hydrogen bonds. This is also endothermic. In solution ions of solute are surrounded by water molecules. There are attractive forces that arised between ions and water molecules.