In fact, care ofyour childâs mouth should begin at birth, well before the first tooth appears.A damp cloth can be used to clean the gums of young infants after each feedingand at bath time. Later, your pediatric dentist or team orthodontist can showyou how to begin brushing your babyâs teeth.
What is Pars Defect. Pars defect is a painful condition that affects the lower spine. It is actually a stress fracture that occurs in the region of the vertebrae called pars interarticularis (or just pars).The pars interarticularis acts as a bony bridge between joints, and helps to keep the vertebra in place.ars defect is believed to be caused by repetitive strain to the lower back or lumbar section of the spine, and typically affects the fifth and fourth lumbar vertebrae.
Importantly, spondylolysis only refers to the separation of the pars interarticularis (a small bony arch in the back of the spine between the facet joints), whereas spondylolisthesis refers to anterior slippage of one vertebra over another (in the front of the spine). If there are no indications of activity with the pars defect, then the spondylolysis is considered inactive and any low back pain the patient is experiencing is probably incidental (meaning that there is probably another cause of the patient's lower back pain, such as a muscle strain).