Term paper. A term paper is a research paper written by students over an academic term, accounting for a large part of a grade. Term papers are generally intended to describe an event, a concept, or argue a point.
Figure 1. Crown of the tooth. The teeth are made up of two major parts: the crown and the root. The crown of the tooth is what is visible in the mouth (Figure 1). The root of the tooth is the portion which normally not visible in the mouth and is anchored within the bone (Figure 2).
In dentistry, calculus or tartar is a form of hardened dental plaque. It is caused by precipitation of minerals from saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in plaque on the teeth. This process of precipitation kills the bacterial cells within dental plaque, but the rough and hardened surface that is formed provides an ideal surface for further plaque formation. This leads to calculus buildup, which compromises the health of the gingiva (gums).