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2.Examples of density dependent factors are food, shelter, predation, competition, and diseases while examples of density independent factors are natural calamities like floods, fires, tornados, droughts, extreme temperatures, and the disturbance of the habitat of living organisms.
Density dependence occurs when the population growth rate, or constituent gain rates (e.g. birth and immigration) or loss rates (death and emigration), vary causally with population size or density (N). When these parameters do not vary with N, they are densityâindependent.