Espresso coffee is a small 1 to 2 oz. shot of pressure-brewed coffee using between 6.5 and 7.5 grams (about 1 Tablespoon) of finely ground coffee. Brewing takes about 25 to 30 seconds. Properly brewed, an espresso will feature a layer of rich dark golden cream, called crema on the surface.
Definition of presumption for English Language Learners. : a belief that something is true even though it has not been proved. law : an act of accepting that something is true until it is proved not true.
preemptive bid, pre-empt, preempt (verb) a high bid that is intended to prevent the opposing players from bidding. preempt (verb) acquire for oneself before others can do so. preempt, displace (verb) take the place of or have precedence over