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The Democratic-Republican Party was an American political party formed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in 1791â93 to oppose the centralizing policies of the new Federalist Party run by Alexander Hamilton, who was then Secretary of the Treasury and chief architect of George Washington's administration.
Today, the Republican and Democratic partiesâboth of them heirs to predecessor parties from the 18th and 19th centuriesâdominate the political process. With rare exceptions, the two major parties control the presidency, the Congress, the governorships and the state legislatures.