Mass Spectrometry. 1. In order to measure the characteristics of individual molecules, a mass spectrometer converts them to ions so that they can be moved about and manipulated by external electric and magnetic fields. The three essential functions of a mass spectrometer, and the associated components, are:
As the tax is set at a fixed amount, insurance companies will be forced to pass the tax on to consumers in the form of higher premiums. This paper estimates the impact of this tax on individuals or, the share of the tax that will be (implicitly) paid by the average insured individual affected by it.
3.2. THE CALCULATION OF THE PREMIUM Insurance companies need to set a price for the cover given which is sufficient to pay: a) the cost of any benefits which may be paid to the policyholder, b) the commission paid to salespersons or intermediaries, c) the costs of administering the policy, and d) the target profit.