dismaynoun [ U ] uk â /dÉªËsmeÉª/ us â /dÉªËsmeÉª/. C2 a feeling of unhappiness and disappointment: Aid workers were said to have been filled with dismay by the appalling conditions that the refugees were living in. The fans watched in/with dismay as their team lost 42â11.
A wide range of diseases and conditions can damage the liver and lead to cirrhosis. The most common causes are: 1  Chronic alcohol abuse. 2  Chronic viral hepatitis (hepatitis B and C)  Fat accumulating in the liver (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease)
Causes and Risk Factors. Any progressive liver disease may lead to cirrhosis. Alcoholism is by far the most common cause of cirrhosis, followed by chronic hepatitis C, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and chronic hepatitis B.