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In the brain, dopamine functions as a neurotransmitter âa chemical released by nerve cells to send signals to other nerve cells. The brain includes several distinct dopamine systems, one of which plays a major role in reward-motivated behavior.
Electrical activity, neuronal secreted factors, and intercellular interactions can all stimulate the change of the neurotransmitter for a particular neuron, both in the fetus and the adult brain. What is most intriguing is that the postsynaptic neuron also changes the receptors.dult rats showed a neurotransmitter switch when experimentally exposed to a long day (19 hours of day, five of night) and a short day (opposite 19 hours of dark, 5 of light). In the short day experience, dopamine neurons in the hippocampus increased and in the long day cycles the number of dopamine neurons decreased.