The term, sometimes also spelled PaRDeS, is an acronym formed from the same initials of the following four approaches: 1  Peshat (×¤Ö°Ö¼×©Ö¸××â) â surface (straight) or the literal (direct) meaning. 2  Remez (×¨Ö¶×Ö¶×â) â hints or the deep (allegoric: hidden or symbolic) meaning beyond just the literal sense.
Saudi Aramco. Saudi Aramco is the largest and leading world oil company in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The company is a state-owned company that was founded in 1933 as the California-Arabian Standard Oil Company and renamed in 1988 as the Saudi Aramco.
Pharmaceutical companies have developed the vast majority of medicines known to humankind, but they have profited handsomely from doing so, and not always by legitimate means. Last year, US giant Pfizer, the world's largest drug company by pharmaceutical revenue, made an eye-watering 42% profit margin. As one industry veteran understandably says: I wouldn't be able to justify [those kinds of margins]..