dismaynoun [ U ] uk â /dÉªËsmeÉª/ us â /dÉªËsmeÉª/. C2 a feeling of unhappiness and disappointment: Aid workers were said to have been filled with dismay by the appalling conditions that the refugees were living in. The fans watched in/with dismay as their team lost 42â11.
A wide range of diseases and conditions can damage the liver and lead to cirrhosis. The most common causes are: 1  Chronic alcohol abuse. 2  Chronic viral hepatitis (hepatitis B and C)  Fat accumulating in the liver (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease)
Cirrhosis is caused by chronic (long-term) liver diseases that damage liver tissue. It can take many years for liver damage to lead to cirrhosis. Chronic alcoholism is the leading cause of cirrhosis in the United States. Drinking too much alcohol can cause the liver to swell, which over time can lead to cirrhosis.