By Mayo Clinic Staff. Cystitis (sis-TIE-tis) is the medical term for inflammation of the bladder. Most of the time, the inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection, and it's called a urinary tract infection (UTI).
However, an appellate court retains control over an appeal until it issues a mandate and the decision is not final until a mandate is issued. Thus, the lower court order remains in effect until the mandate is issued.[ii] A mandate is effective when it is issued. The duty to issue a mandate is the responsibility of the court clerk who must execute certain established procedures which themselves constitute the issuance of the mandate.
The term issue sometimes is used more generally to refer to anything that is a source of conflict or contention, but that is not its meaning here. We are referring to public policy issues, meaning questions of what the government should or should not do. Policy issues involve conflict over the direction of government policy. Some policy issues in an election may be quite specific, such as the conditions under which abortion should be legal.