The mixture of molten rock, crystals and dissolved gases from the mantle is called magma. When magma erupts to the Earth's surface, it is called lava. Not all volcanic eruptions happen near the boundaries of tectonic plates. Some eruptions happen in the middle of the plates.These eruptions are caused by mantle streams called plumes. Mantle plumes are formed when hot magma rises beneath the thinner, or weaker, areas of the Earth's crust, creating 'hot spots'. Volcanic islands are formed when mantle plumes form at the bottom of the ocean.ome eruptions happen in the middle of the plates. These eruptions are caused by mantle streams called plumes. Mantle plumes are formed when hot magma rises beneath the thinner, or weaker, areas of the Earth's crust, creating 'hot spots'. Volcanic islands are formed when mantle plumes form at the bottom of the ocean.
Burst Fracture of the Lumbar Spine. General Considerations. Burst fractures result from axial loading most often secondary to motor vehicle accidents and falls. The axial load drives the intervertebral disk into vertebral body below. Usually produces a comminuted, vertical fracture through the vertebral body.
The distal radial fracture is the most common fracture of the forearm and accounts for approximately 16% of all skeletal fractures. It is usually caused by a fall onto an outstretched hand (FOOSH).It can also result from direct impact or axial forces.he radial diaphysis at the distal and middle third junction is fractured, with associated subluxation/dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint. There may be resultant shortening of the radius. PA views demonstrate the radial fracture, and potentially subluxation/dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint.