Secondary stress. A secondary stress is any stress in the structure which is not a primary stress or peak stress. Source: API SPEC 16R, Specification for Marine Drilling Riser Couplings, Exploration and Production Department, First Edition, January 1997. Global Standards.
Two groups of ground nesting bees commonly. found in Michigan are bumble bees and. burrower (andrenid) bees. Bumble bees are. easily recognized by their large, robust, hairy, black and yellow (sometimes orange) bodies. Bumble bees live in colonies of several. hundred individuals, but only the queens.
Among stinging insects, bees are one of the easiest to identify due to their hairy, round bodies. In New England, there are two main types of bees to be concerned about: the bumblebee and the honey bee. Honey bees are identified by their tan and yellow markings while bumblebees are either yellow or orange and black.