Secondary stress. A secondary stress is any stress in the structure which is not a primary stress or peak stress. Source: API SPEC 16R, Specification for Marine Drilling Riser Couplings, Exploration and Production Department, First Edition, January 1997. Global Standards.
Digger bees are sometimes classified in the family Anthophoridae along with the carpenter bees. These hairy bees range from 5 to 25 mm in length and, like other members of this family, the females use scopae (stiff hairs) to carry pollen. Most species nest in the ground or in vertical banks, often in sandy soil. Some species waterproof their brood cells with secreted waxy or oily material.
Bumble bees have a fuzzy abdomen and the Carpenter Bee has a shiny abdomen. General Bumble Bee Information. The Bumble Bee is a big, hairy, black and yellow bee whose size can range from 3/4 inch to 1 1/2 inch.This insect is often mistaken for a carpenter bee, which closely resembles the bumble bee in appearance. Carpenter bees have a shiny and smooth abdomen as opposed to the fuzzy abdomen seen on a bumble bee.umble bees are very important, beneficial insects that pollinate plants and flowers. Their activity in your gardens are desirable but allowing them to nest in areas where children and pets frequent or where you garden is not desirable.