Damage and loss of the tiny sensory hair cells in the inner ear (that can be caused by different factors such as noise damage, medications, and age) may be commonly associated with the presence of tinnitus. One of the preventable causes of tinnitus is excessive noise exposure. In some instances of noise exposure, tinnitus can be noticed even before hearing loss develops, so it should be considered a warning sign and an indication of the need for hearing protection in noisy environments.
Blastomyces dermatitidis is a fungus that has been associated with pleural effusions in 3% to 21% of patients with pulmonary blastomycosis in different case series (11, 69). The pleural effusions are most commonly small and cause only blunting of the costphrenic angle on x-ray.denovirus is the most common viral cause of atypical pneumonia. Pleural effusions occur in anywhere from 15% to 62% of patients (24, 71). The effusions are often bilateral and are accompanied by a diffuse parenchymal infiltrate typical of a viral pneumonia.
Two broad groups of dinoflagellates can be distinguished by the presence or absence of well-developed cellulose-containing thecal plates, and these groups are termed armored dinoflagellates or unarmored (naked) dinoflagellates, respectively. red tide, more properly termed a harmful algal bloom, is somewhat of a misnomer since the water rarely turns red but more usually a tint of orange, resulting from the rapid bloom and dense populations (up to 100 million cells/l) of one or more of several species of dinoflagellates (or diatoms).