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Optochin is a chemical that is toxic to some bacteria but harmless to others. It is useful in the identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae, the alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus most commonly susceptible to this chemical. This test determines whether the bacterium is either sensitive (susceptible) to optochin or resistant to the chemical.
Introduction. Nuchal translucency (NT) is the assessment of the amount of fluid behind the neck of the fetus, also known as the nuchal fold. An anechoic space is visible and measurable sonographically in all fetuses between the 11th and the 14th week of the pregnancy (Figure 1).he findings of numerous studies suggest that an effective first trimester screening for trisomy 21 can be obtained by the combination of maternal age and measurement of fetal NT [ 4 - 11 ]. At a risk cut-off of 1 in100, the detection rate of trisomy 21 is about 75%, at a false positive rate of about 2%.