Reaction at CATHODE: 1  H+H+ and Cu2+Cu2+ ions are attracted to the cathode. 2  Cu2+Cu2+ ions are preferentially discharged as Cu2+Cu2+ is lower in the electrochemical series than H+H+. 3  Each Cu2+Cu2+ ion gains two electrons from the cathode to form one copper atom.
One of the most well known spine cranks is the boston crab, which is usually depicted in pro-wrestling context. Similarly to neck cranks, spine cranks are illegal techniques in most combat sports, excluding some submission wrestling and mixed martial arts competitions, where they are used as submission holds.
Spinal cord injury can be traumatic or nontraumatic, and can be classified into three types based on cause: mechanical forces, toxic, and ischemic (from lack of blood flow). The damage can also be divided into primary and secondary injury: the cell death that occurs immediately in the original injury, and biochemical cascades that are initiated by the original insult and cause further tissue damage.