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A molecule is the smallest particle of a substance that exists independently. Molecules of most elements are made up of only one of atom of that element. Oxygen, along with nitrogen, hydrogen, and chlorine are made up of two atoms. Look at the model of oxygen above.The two balls represents the two oxygen molecules. molecule is the smallest particle of a substance that exists independently. Molecules of most elements are made up of only one of atom of that element. Oxygen, along with nitrogen, hydrogen, and chlorine are made up of two atoms. Look at the model of oxygen above.
Atoms make elements. Elements react with each other to give compounds. Compounds consist of molecules. Molecules consist of more than one type of atoms bonded to each other. These bonds are created in a variety of ways but they all form when they share or give/take electrons. Electrons that take part in the bonds are in the outer part of the atom. It happens that atoms love to be stable and they do that by configuring their electron numbers. That magic number is usually eight but since I am keeping this simple and low, it will be eight for now. So atoms combine in such a way that their outer shell will always have eight electrons. So they share, give, take etc. The number of electrons on their outer shell determines if they give or take. More than 4, take; less than 4, give; 4 then share. So in that way we can know how many bonds can be formed with one atom.