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How Microwaves Cook Food. When you hit the start button it usually takes about 2 seconds to heat up a filament inside the magnetron tube, says Schiffmann. The microwaves are then blasted into the food compartment. The commonly used frequency of microwaves, 2.45 gigahertz, is easily absorbed by water, fat, and sugar.
Microwave oven is made up of aluminium metal box which cannot pass the radiation and uses magnetron, a microwave generator. When you switch on microwave oven for cooking the food, the magnetron receives electricity from the power outlet and converts it into high-powered radio waves. 2. The microwave oven has a waveguide, turntable and a timer switch.