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How Microwaves Cook Food. When you hit the start button it usually takes about 2 seconds to heat up a filament inside the magnetron tube, says Schiffmann. The microwaves are then blasted into the food compartment. The commonly used frequency of microwaves, 2.45 gigahertz, is easily absorbed by water, fat, and sugar.
It's that simple. Microwave ovens use high power electromagnetic radiation (radio) at a frequency close to 2.5 GHz to do the job of cooking. Much of the design of the appliance goes into making sure that very little of that radiation is given off, and that it stays inside the cooking chamber where it belongs...Microwaves heat food by sending out waves that cause the water molecules in a food item to vibrate rapidly. this creates an energy that presents itself as heat to cook the food. Ideally, the waves are contained within the microwave because the door is closed as it is turned on, releasing waves and cooking the food.