If you made nondeductible (and therefore nontaxable) contributions to your traditional IRA, you have to treat each distribution (including a conversion to a Roth IRA, if applicable) as one part nontaxable return of cost basis (your nondeductible contributions) and one part taxable earnings.
Product defects are generally put into three categories: design defects, manufacturing defects and marketing defects. Marketing defects are defects in the manner in which a product is sold. This type of defect can include inadequate warnings and/or instructions. Design defects are in a manner of speaking, intended. This type of defect is inherent in the design of the product.
Types of Defects Defects may be classified into four categories depending on their dimension: Â¾0D, Point defects: atoms missing or in irregular places in the lattice (vacancies, interstitials, impurities) Â¾1D, Linear defects: groups of atoms in irregular positions (e.g. screw and edge dislocations) Â¾2D, Planar defects: the interfaces between homogeneous regions of the material (grain boundaries, external surfaces) Â¾3D, Volume defects: extended defects (pores, cracks) Introduction To Materials Science, Chapter 4, Imperfections in solids University of Tennessee, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering 6 Point defects: vacancies & self-interstitials Self-interstitials Vacancy Vacancy - a lattice position that is vacant because the atom is missing. Interstitial - an atom that occupies a place outside the normal lattice position. It may be the same type of atom as the others (self interstitial) or an impurity interstitial atom.