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The Mexican Revolution began on November 20, 1910 as an attempt to overthrow the rule of Mexican President Porfirio Diaz, who had been in power since 1877. Diaz stepped down and submitted to exile in 1911.
In 1810 the Mexican priest Miguel Hidalgo started the Mexican war of independence. In 1821 the Spanish finally retreated and Mexico became independent. The first leader of independent Mexico was Agustin de Iturbide. He set up the First Mexican Empire and became emperor. But the Mexicans were not happy with him, and in 1823 the country became a republic.