A regulatory framework Although common in other process manufacturing industries (e.g., food and chemicals), continuous processing is at a nascent stage in the pharmaceutical industry, where batch manufacturing is the prevailing mode.
When the motor neurons in the brainstem are affected (bulbar ALS), the muscles used in speech and swallowing are impaired. ALS only affects muscles that are moved voluntarily (such as those in the mouth or arm) and does not impact those muscles involved in involuntary movements, such as digestion.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of motor neurons leading to progressive weakness of the limbs, bulbar muscles, and respiratory muscles. Fifty percent of patients die within 3 years after onset of symptoms, mainly due to respiratory failure (1, 2).