1 Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to go into orbit, launched 4 October 1957. 2  Sputnik 2, the first spacecraft to carry a living animal (the dog Laika), launched 3 November 1957.  Sputnik 3, a research satellite launched 15 May 1958.
By population the 3 largest cities in Spain are Madrid 2.9 million, Barcelona 1.5 million, and Valencia 741,000. They include: the capital Madrid, Barcelona and Valencia. Onlyâ¦ two  of Spain's cities, the national capital Madrid and Barcelona, have  populations of more than one million.
Palma de Mallorca, the capital of the Balearic Islands, is the largest city in Mallorca; the population of the Palma municipality was approximately 400,000 at the beginning of 2007.Half the population of Mallorca lives in the city of Palma.he city became a tourist destination in the 1950s, and tourist numbers have continually increased in the subsequent half century. Palma is a busy commercial and cultural center of Mallorca. This independent region of the Balearic Islands of Spain have over half of the islandâs population living there.