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#4. The R represents the side chain of the amino acids which make up the anti-parallel beta sheet. Since a wide variety of side chains can exist on a beta -sheet, they generalize the structure by writing Rs instead of specific amino acid side chains.
The R group determines the characteristics (size, polarity, and pH) for each type of amino acid. Peptide bonds form between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another through dehydration synthesis. A chain of amino acids is a polypeptide. Key Terms