The bacterial infection seen in acute cholangitis arises as a complication of other bile duct pathology 1  : Bile duct stones. 2  Biliary strictures. 3  Following ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal surgery) 4  Tumors â bile duct, pancreatic, ampulla of Vater. 5  Acute pancreatitis.
State Status: Endangered, 1981. Federal Status: Endangered, 1970. The leatherback sea turtle (Figure 1) is the sole member of the family Dermochelyidae; all other sea turtles belong to the Cheloniidae. The leatherback is the largest, deepest diving, and most migratory and wide ranging of the sea turtles (Figure 2).
NATURAL HISTORY. Globally, leatherback turtles are a critically endangered species; their numbers are only a quarter of what they were 20 years ago. The world population is estimated at 30,000 to 40,000 nesting females in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.cientists estimate that commercial fisheries in the Pacific caught 4,200 leatherback sea turtles in 2000 alone. Until alternate fishing gear such as circle hooks are in widespread use, the most effective way to help turtles is to avoid buying seafood caught using fishing methods that place leatherbacks at risk.