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Following is an example to assign a single element of the array: The above statement assigns element number 5th in the array with a value of 50.0. All arrays have 0 as the index of their first element which is also called base index and last index of an array will be total size of the array minus 1. Following is the pictorial representation of the same array we discussed above:
Because we give COUNTIF a range (also called an array) that contains 7 items, COUNTIF will return an array of 7 items as a result. Each item in the result array represents a count. In the example, this array that COUNTIF returns looks like this: {1;1;0;1;1;0;0}. Now we simply need to add up the items in this array, which is a perfect job for SUMPRODUCT.