Hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) ---> Pituitary gland releases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) ---> ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex ---> adrenal cortex releases cortisol into the blood stream ---> cortisol affects target cells, and ceases once homeostasis is reached.
A bacteria, which possesses capsule is a capsulated bacteria. The purpose of capsule staining is to observe bacterial capsule by distinguishing capsular material from the bacteria cell. Principle: In capsule staining, a smear of bacteria is made at the center of a slide.
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is commonly being used with increasing frequency for the pre-operative evaluation of salivary gland lesions. However, it has areas of considerable interpretational difficulties. The most frequent problems involve variations in the expected cytology of pleomorphic adenoma (PA). Salivary gland FNACs performed at Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, during July 2006 to June 2007 were reviewed, and we report four cases of interesting diagnostic dilemma.