As copies were recopied, mistakes were perpetuated. Textual scholars grouped manuscripts with similar variations into families.
जैसे - जैसे प्रतिलिपियों की प्रतिलिपियाँ उतारी गयीं, वैसे - वैसे ग़लतियाँ क़ायम रखी गयीं ।