In the second century B.C.E., the Pharisees ​ — a new group within Judaism that distrusted the priesthood — ​ began instituting traditions by which the common man could consider himself as holy as the priest.
इन फरीसियों ने नयी - नयी परंपराएँ शुरू कीं जिनके द्वारा आम आदमी अपने आपको याजक की तरह ही पवित्र समझ सकता था ।