Considering the studies reviewed, the British Medical Bulletin of 1992 stated that the possibility exists that “non - ​ contraceptive oestrogen increases the risk of breast cancer by 30 - 50% ” after long - ​ term use.
ख़तरा नहीं बढ़ाती, अन्य अध्ययन दीर्घकालिक प्रापकों के लिए उल्लेखनीय ख़तरा दिखाते हैं ।