Widespread disbelief in spirits in the Western world is partly due to the influence of Christendom, which for centuries taught that the earth was the center of the universe, located between heaven and an underground hell.
जबकि वे परमेश्‍वर के अस्तित्व को स्वीकार करते हैं, वे दुष्टता के अलौकिक कार्यकर्त्ताओं की धारणा का उपहास करते हैं ।