
 
Hubert
	
Overview
	
Hubert was proposed in HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Units by Wei-Ning Hsu, Benjamin Bolte, Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai, Kushal Lakhotia, Ruslan
Salakhutdinov, Abdelrahman Mohamed.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
Self-supervised approaches for speech representation learning are challenged by three unique problems: (1) there are
multiple sound units in each input utterance, (2) there is no lexicon of input sound units during the pre-training
phase, and (3) sound units have variable lengths with no explicit segmentation. To deal with these three problems, we
propose the Hidden-Unit BERT (HuBERT) approach for self-supervised speech representation learning, which utilizes an
offline clustering step to provide aligned target labels for a BERT-like prediction loss. A key ingredient of our
approach is applying the prediction loss over the masked regions only, which forces the model to learn a combined
acoustic and language model over the continuous inputs. HuBERT relies primarily on the consistency of the unsupervised
clustering step rather than the intrinsic quality of the assigned cluster labels. Starting with a simple k-means
teacher of 100 clusters, and using two iterations of clustering, the HuBERT model either matches or improves upon the
state-of-the-art wav2vec 2.0 performance on the Librispeech (960h) and Libri-light (60,000h) benchmarks with 10min, 1h,
10h, 100h, and 960h fine-tuning subsets. Using a 1B parameter model, HuBERT shows up to 19% and 13% relative WER
reduction on the more challenging dev-other and test-other evaluation subsets.
Tips:
Hubert is a speech model that accepts a float array corresponding to the raw waveform of the speech signal.
Hubert model was fine-tuned using connectionist temporal classification (CTC) so the model output has to be decoded
using Wav2Vec2CTCTokenizer.
This model was contributed by patrickvonplaten.
Documentation resources
	
Audio classification task guide
Automatic speech recognition task guide
HubertConfig
	
class transformers.HubertConfig
<
source
>
(
vocab_size = 32
hidden_size = 768
num_hidden_layers = 12
num_attention_heads = 12
intermediate_size = 3072
hidden_act = 'gelu'
hidden_dropout = 0.1
activation_dropout = 0.1
attention_dropout = 0.1
feat_proj_layer_norm = True
feat_proj_dropout = 0.0
final_dropout = 0.1
layerdrop = 0.1
initializer_range = 0.02
layer_norm_eps = 1e-05
feat_extract_norm = 'group'
feat_extract_activation = 'gelu'
conv_dim = (512, 512, 512, 512, 512, 512, 512)
conv_stride = (5, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2)
conv_kernel = (10, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2)
conv_bias = False
num_conv_pos_embeddings = 128
num_conv_pos_embedding_groups = 16
do_stable_layer_norm = False
apply_spec_augment = True
mask_time_prob = 0.05
mask_time_length = 10
mask_time_min_masks = 2
mask_feature_prob = 0.0
mask_feature_length = 10
mask_feature_min_masks = 0
ctc_loss_reduction = 'sum'
ctc_zero_infinity = False
use_weighted_layer_sum = False
classifier_proj_size = 256
pad_token_id = 0
bos_token_id = 1
eos_token_id = 2
**kwargs
)
Parameters 
vocab_size (int, optional, defaults to 32) —
Vocabulary size of the Hubert model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by the
inputs_ids passed when calling HubertModel. Vocabulary size of the model. Defines the different
tokens that can be represented by the inputs_ids passed to the forward method of HubertModel.
hidden_size (int, optional, defaults to 768) —
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
num_hidden_layers (int, optional, defaults to 12) —
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (int, optional, defaults to 12) —
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
intermediate_size (int, optional, defaults to 3072) —
Dimensionality of the “intermediate” (i.e., feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
hidden_act (str or function, optional, defaults to "gelu") —
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, "gelu",
"relu", "selu" and "gelu_new" are supported.
hidden_dropout(float, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.
attention_dropout(float, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
final_dropout (float, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
The dropout probabilitiy for the final projection layer of Wav2Vec2ForCTC.
layerdrop (float, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
The LayerDrop probability. See the [LayerDrop paper](see https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11556) for more
details.
initializer_range (float, optional, defaults to 0.02) —
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
layer_norm_eps (float, optional, defaults to 1e-12) —
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
feat_extract_norm (str, optional, defaults to "group") —
The norm to be applied to 1D convolutional layers in feature encoder. One of "group" for group
normalization of only the first 1D convolutional layer or "layer" for layer normalization of all 1D
convolutional layers.
feat_proj_dropout (float, optional, defaults to 0.0) —
The dropout probability for output of the feature encoder.
feat_proj_layer_norm (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether to apply LayerNorm to the output of the feature encoder.
feat_extract_activation (str, optional, defaults to “gelu”) -- The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the 1D convolutional layers of the feature extractor. If string, “gelu”, “relu”, “selu”and“gelu_new”` are supported.
conv_dim (Tuple[int], optional, defaults to (512, 512, 512, 512, 512, 512, 512)) —
A tuple of integers defining the number of input and output channels of each 1D convolutional layer in the
feature encoder. The length of conv_dim defines the number of 1D convolutional layers.
conv_stride (Tuple[int], optional, defaults to (5, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2)) —
A tuple of integers defining the stride of each 1D convolutional layer in the feature encoder. The length
of conv_stride defines the number of convolutional layers and has to match the length of conv_dim.
conv_kernel (Tuple[int], optional, defaults to (10, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3)) —
A tuple of integers defining the kernel size of each 1D convolutional layer in the feature encoder. The
length of conv_kernel defines the number of convolutional layers and has to match the length of
conv_dim.
conv_bias (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether the 1D convolutional layers have a bias.
num_conv_pos_embeddings (int, optional, defaults to 128) —
Number of convolutional positional embeddings. Defines the kernel size of 1D convolutional positional
embeddings layer.
num_conv_pos_embedding_groups (int, optional, defaults to 16) —
Number of groups of 1D convolutional positional embeddings layer.
do_stable_layer_norm (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether do apply stable layer norm architecture of the Transformer encoder. do_stable_layer_norm is True corresponds to applying layer norm before the attention layer, whereas do_stable_layer_norm is False corresponds to applying layer norm after the attention layer.
apply_spec_augment (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether to apply SpecAugment data augmentation to the outputs of the feature encoder. For reference see
SpecAugment: A Simple Data Augmentation Method for Automatic Speech
Recognition.
mask_time_prob (float, optional, defaults to 0.05) —
Percentage (between 0 and 1) of all feature vectors along the time axis which will be masked. The masking
procecure generates ”mask_time_problen(time_axis)/mask_time_length” independent masks over the axis. If
reasoning from the propability of each feature vector to be chosen as the start of the vector span to be
masked, mask_time_prob should be `prob_vector_startmask_time_length. Note that overlap may decrease the actual percentage of masked vectors. This is only relevant if apply_spec_augment is True`.
mask_time_length (int, optional, defaults to 10) —
Length of vector span along the time axis.
mask_time_min_masks (int, optional, defaults to 2), —
The minimum number of masks of length mask_feature_length generated along the time axis, each time step,
irrespectively of mask_feature_prob. Only relevant if ”mask_time_prob*len(time_axis)/mask_time_length <
mask_time_min_masks”
mask_feature_prob (float, optional, defaults to 0.0) —
Percentage (between 0 and 1) of all feature vectors along the feature axis which will be masked. The
masking procecure generates ”mask_feature_problen(feature_axis)/mask_time_length” independent masks over
the axis. If reasoning from the propability of each feature vector to be chosen as the start of the vector
span to be masked, mask_feature_prob should be `prob_vector_startmask_feature_length. Note that overlap may decrease the actual percentage of masked vectors. This is only relevant if apply_spec_augment is
True`.
mask_feature_length (int, optional, defaults to 10) —
Length of vector span along the feature axis.
mask_feature_min_masks (int, optional, defaults to 0), —
The minimum number of masks of length mask_feature_length generated along the feature axis, each time
step, irrespectively of mask_feature_prob. Only relevant if
”mask_feature_prob*len(feature_axis)/mask_feature_length < mask_feature_min_masks”
ctc_loss_reduction (str, optional, defaults to "sum") —
Specifies the reduction to apply to the output of torch.nn.CTCLoss. Only relevant when training an
instance of HubertForCTC.
ctc_zero_infinity (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether to zero infinite losses and the associated gradients of torch.nn.CTCLoss. Infinite losses mainly
occur when the inputs are too short to be aligned to the targets. Only relevant when training an instance
of HubertForCTC.
use_weighted_layer_sum (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether to use a weighted average of layer outputs with learned weights. Only relevant when using an
instance of HubertForSequenceClassification.
classifier_proj_size (int, optional, defaults to 256) —
Dimensionality of the projection before token mean-pooling for classification.
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a HubertModel. It is used to instantiate an
Hubert model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration
with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the Hubert
facebook/hubert-base-ls960 architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from PretrainedConfig and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from PretrainedConfig for more information.
Example:
	Copied
 from transformers import HubertModel, HubertConfig
 # Initializing a Hubert facebook/hubert-base-ls960 style configuration
 configuration = HubertConfig()
 # Initializing a model from the facebook/hubert-base-ls960 style configuration
 model = HubertModel(configuration)
 # Accessing the model configuration
 configuration = model.config
HubertModel
	
class transformers.HubertModel
<
source
>
(
config: HubertConfig
)
Parameters 
config (HubertConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.
The bare Hubert Model transformer outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
Hubert was proposed in HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden
Units by Wei-Ning Hsu, Benjamin Bolte, Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai, Kushal Lakhotia,
Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Abdelrahman Mohamed.
This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving etc.).
This model is a PyTorch torch.nn.Module sub-class. Use
it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
forward
<
source
>
(
input_values: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor]
attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
mask_time_indices: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None
output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None
output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None
return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None
)
→
transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
Parameters 
input_values (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Float values of input raw speech waveform. Values can be obtained by loading a .flac or .wav audio file
into an array of type List[float] or a numpy.ndarray, e.g. via the soundfile library (pip install soundfile). To prepare the array into input_values, the AutoProcessor should be used for padding and
conversion into a tensor of type torch.FloatTensor. See Wav2Vec2Processor.call() for details.
attention_mask (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing convolution and attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?
attention_mask should only be passed if the corresponding processor has config.return_attention_mask == True. For all models whose processor has config.return_attention_mask == False, such as
hubert-base, attention_mask should not be passed
to avoid degraded performance when doing batched inference. For such models input_values should simply be
padded with 0 and passed without attention_mask. Be aware that these models also yield slightly different
results depending on whether input_values is padded or not.
output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail.
return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
Returns
transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (HubertConfig) and inputs.
last_hidden_state (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)) — Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model.
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, +
one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
The HubertModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
	Copied
 from transformers import AutoProcessor, HubertModel
 from datasets import load_dataset
 import soundfile as sf
 processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/hubert-large-ls960-ft")
 model = HubertModel.from_pretrained("facebook/hubert-large-ls960-ft")
 def map_to_array(batch):
...     speech, _ = sf.read(batch["file"])
...     batch["speech"] = speech
...     return batch
 ds = load_dataset("hf-internal-testing/librispeech_asr_dummy", "clean", split="validation")
 ds = ds.map(map_to_array)
 input_values = processor(ds["speech"][0], return_tensors="pt").input_values  # Batch size 1
 hidden_states = model(input_values).last_hidden_state
HubertForCTC
	
class transformers.HubertForCTC
<
source
>
(
config
target_lang: typing.Optional[str] = None
)
Parameters 
config (HubertConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.
Hubert Model with a language modeling head on top for Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC).
Hubert was proposed in HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden
Units by Wei-Ning Hsu, Benjamin Bolte, Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai, Kushal Lakhotia,
Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Abdelrahman Mohamed.
This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving etc.).
This model is a PyTorch torch.nn.Module sub-class. Use
it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
forward
<
source
>
(
input_values: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor]
attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None
output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None
return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None
labels: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
)
→
transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
Parameters 
input_values (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Float values of input raw speech waveform. Values can be obtained by loading a .flac or .wav audio file
into an array of type List[float] or a numpy.ndarray, e.g. via the soundfile library (pip install soundfile). To prepare the array into input_values, the AutoProcessor should be used for padding and
conversion into a tensor of type torch.FloatTensor. See Wav2Vec2Processor.call() for details.
attention_mask (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing convolution and attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?
attention_mask should only be passed if the corresponding processor has config.return_attention_mask == True. For all models whose processor has config.return_attention_mask == False, such as
hubert-base, attention_mask should not be passed
to avoid degraded performance when doing batched inference. For such models input_values should simply be
padded with 0 and passed without attention_mask. Be aware that these models also yield slightly different
results depending on whether input_values is padded or not.
output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail.
return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
labels (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, target_length), optional) —
Labels for connectionist temporal classification. Note that target_length has to be smaller or equal to
the sequence length of the output logits. Indices are selected in [-100, 0, ..., config.vocab_size - 1].
All labels set to -100 are ignored (masked), the loss is only computed for labels in [0, ..., config.vocab_size - 1].
Returns
transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (HubertConfig) and inputs.
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Language modeling loss (for next-token prediction).
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, +
one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
The HubertForCTC forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
	Copied
 from transformers import AutoProcessor, HubertForCTC
 from datasets import load_dataset
 import torch
 dataset = load_dataset("hf-internal-testing/librispeech_asr_demo", "clean", split="validation")
 dataset = dataset.sort("id")
 sampling_rate = dataset.features["audio"].sampling_rate
 processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/hubert-large-ls960-ft")
 model = HubertForCTC.from_pretrained("facebook/hubert-large-ls960-ft")
 # audio file is decoded on the fly
 inputs = processor(dataset[0]["audio"]["array"], sampling_rate=sampling_rate, return_tensors="pt")
 with torch.no_grad():
...     logits = model(**inputs).logits
 predicted_ids = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1)
 # transcribe speech
 transcription = processor.batch_decode(predicted_ids)
 transcription[0]
'MISTER QUILTER IS THE APOSTLE OF THE MIDDLE CLASSES AND WE ARE GLAD TO WELCOME HIS GOSPEL'
 inputs["labels"] = processor(text=dataset[0]["text"], return_tensors="pt").input_ids
 # compute loss
 loss = model(**inputs).loss
 round(loss.item(), 2)
22.68
HubertForSequenceClassification
	
class transformers.HubertForSequenceClassification
<
source
>
(
config
)
Parameters 
config (HubertConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.
Hubert Model with a sequence classification head on top (a linear layer over the pooled output) for tasks like
SUPERB Keyword Spotting.
Hubert was proposed in HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden
Units by Wei-Ning Hsu, Benjamin Bolte, Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai, Kushal Lakhotia,
Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Abdelrahman Mohamed.
This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving etc.).
This model is a PyTorch torch.nn.Module sub-class. Use
it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
forward
<
source
>
(
input_values: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor]
attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None
output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None
return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None
labels: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
)
→
transformers.modeling_outputs.SequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
Parameters 
input_values (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Float values of input raw speech waveform. Values can be obtained by loading a .flac or .wav audio file
into an array of type List[float] or a numpy.ndarray, e.g. via the soundfile library (pip install soundfile). To prepare the array into input_values, the AutoProcessor should be used for padding and
conversion into a tensor of type torch.FloatTensor. See Wav2Vec2Processor.call() for details.
attention_mask (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing convolution and attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?
attention_mask should only be passed if the corresponding processor has config.return_attention_mask == True. For all models whose processor has config.return_attention_mask == False, such as
hubert-base, attention_mask should not be passed
to avoid degraded performance when doing batched inference. For such models input_values should simply be
padded with 0 and passed without attention_mask. Be aware that these models also yield slightly different
results depending on whether input_values is padded or not.
output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail.
return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
labels (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size,), optional) —
Labels for computing the sequence classification/regression loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., config.num_labels - 1]. If config.num_labels == 1 a regression loss is computed (Mean-Square loss), If
config.num_labels > 1 a classification loss is computed (Cross-Entropy).
Returns
transformers.modeling_outputs.SequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A transformers.modeling_outputs.SequenceClassifierOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (HubertConfig) and inputs.
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) loss.
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, config.num_labels)) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, +
one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
The HubertForSequenceClassification forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
	Copied
 from transformers import AutoFeatureExtractor, HubertForSequenceClassification
 from datasets import load_dataset
 import torch
 dataset = load_dataset("hf-internal-testing/librispeech_asr_demo", "clean", split="validation")
 dataset = dataset.sort("id")
 sampling_rate = dataset.features["audio"].sampling_rate
 feature_extractor = AutoFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained("superb/hubert-base-superb-ks")
 model = HubertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("superb/hubert-base-superb-ks")
 # audio file is decoded on the fly
 inputs = feature_extractor(dataset[0]["audio"]["array"], sampling_rate=sampling_rate, return_tensors="pt")
 with torch.no_grad():
...     logits = model(**inputs).logits
 predicted_class_ids = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1).item()
 predicted_label = model.config.id2label[predicted_class_ids]
 predicted_label
'_unknown_'
 # compute loss - target_label is e.g. "down"
 target_label = model.config.id2label[0]
 inputs["labels"] = torch.tensor([model.config.label2id[target_label]])
 loss = model(**inputs).loss
 round(loss.item(), 2)
8.53
TFHubertModel
	
class transformers.TFHubertModel
<
source
>
(
*args
**kwargs
)
Parameters 
config (HubertConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.
The bare TFHubert Model transformer outputing raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a tf.keras.Model subclass. Use it
as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats as input:
having all inputs as keyword arguments (like PyTorch models), or
having all inputs as a list, tuple or dict in the first positional argument.
The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that model.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument:
a single Tensor with input_values only and nothing else: model(input_values)
a list of varying length with one or several input Tensors IN THE ORDER given in the docstring:
model([input_values, attention_mask]) or model([input_values, attention_mask, token_type_ids])
a dictionary with one or several input Tensors associated to the input names given in the docstring:
model({"input_values": input_values, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids})
Note that when creating models and layers with
subclassing then you don’t need to worry
about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!
call
<
source
>
(
input_values: tf.Tensor
attention_mask: tf.Tensor | None = None
token_type_ids: tf.Tensor | None = None
position_ids: tf.Tensor | None = None
head_mask: tf.Tensor | None = None
inputs_embeds: tf.Tensor | None = None
output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None
output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None
return_dict: Optional[bool] = None
training: bool = False
)
→
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFBaseModelOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
Parameters 
input_values (np.ndarray, tf.Tensor, List[tf.Tensor] Dict[str, tf.Tensor] or Dict[str, np.ndarray] and each example must have the shape ({0})) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
What are input IDs?
attention_mask (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape ({0}), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?
token_type_ids (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape ({0}), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?
position_ids (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape ({0}), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?
head_mask (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
inputs_embeds (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape ({0}, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_values you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation.
This is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_values indices into associated vectors
than the model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.
output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be used instead.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead.
return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument can be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True.
training (bool, optional, defaults to `False“) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation).
Returns
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFBaseModelOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
A transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFBaseModelOutput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (HubertConfig) and inputs.
last_hidden_state (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)) — Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model.
hidden_states (tuple(tf.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
The TFHubertModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
	Copied
 from transformers import AutoProcessor, TFHubertModel
 from datasets import load_dataset
 import soundfile as sf
 processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/hubert-large-ls960-ft")
 model = TFHubertModel.from_pretrained("facebook/hubert-large-ls960-ft")
 def map_to_array(batch):
...     speech, _ = sf.read(batch["file"])
...     batch["speech"] = speech
...     return batch
 ds = load_dataset("hf-internal-testing/librispeech_asr_dummy", "clean", split="validation")
 ds = ds.map(map_to_array)
 input_values = processor(ds["speech"][0], return_tensors="tf").input_values  # Batch size 1
 hidden_states = model(input_values).last_hidden_state
TFHubertForCTC
	
class transformers.TFHubertForCTC
<
source
>
(
*args
**kwargs
)
Parameters 
config (HubertConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.
TFHubert Model with a language modeling head on top for Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC).
This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a tf.keras.Model subclass. Use it
as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats as input:
having all inputs as keyword arguments (like PyTorch models), or
having all inputs as a list, tuple or dict in the first positional argument.
The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that model.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument:
a single Tensor with input_values only and nothing else: model(input_values)
a list of varying length with one or several input Tensors IN THE ORDER given in the docstring:
model([input_values, attention_mask]) or model([input_values, attention_mask, token_type_ids])
a dictionary with one or several input Tensors associated to the input names given in the docstring:
model({"input_values": input_values, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids})
Note that when creating models and layers with
subclassing then you don’t need to worry
about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!
call
<
source
>
(
input_values: tf.Tensor
attention_mask: tf.Tensor | None = None
token_type_ids: tf.Tensor | None = None
position_ids: tf.Tensor | None = None
head_mask: tf.Tensor | None = None
inputs_embeds: tf.Tensor | None = None
output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None
labels: tf.Tensor | None = None
output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None
return_dict: Optional[bool] = None
training: Optional[bool] = False
)
→
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFCausalLMOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
Parameters 
input_values (np.ndarray, tf.Tensor, List[tf.Tensor] Dict[str, tf.Tensor] or Dict[str, np.ndarray] and each example must have the shape ({0})) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
What are input IDs?
attention_mask (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape ({0}), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?
token_type_ids (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape ({0}), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?
position_ids (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape ({0}), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?
head_mask (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
inputs_embeds (np.ndarray or tf.Tensor of shape ({0}, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_values you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation.
This is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_values indices into associated vectors
than the model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.
output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be used instead.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead.
return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument can be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True.
training (bool, optional, defaults to `False“) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation).
labels (tf.Tensor or np.ndarray of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Labels for computing the masked language modeling loss. Indices should be in [-100, 0, ..., config.vocab_size] (see input_values docstring) Tokens with indices set to -100 are ignored (masked),
the loss is only computed for the tokens with labels in [0, ..., config.vocab_size]
Returns
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFCausalLMOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
A transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFCausalLMOutput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (HubertConfig) and inputs.
loss (tf.Tensor of shape (n,), optional, where n is the number of non-masked labels, returned when labels is provided) — Language modeling loss (for next-token prediction).
logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
The TFHubertForCTC forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
	Copied
 import tensorflow as tf
 from transformers import AutoProcessor, TFHubertForCTC
 from datasets import load_dataset
 import soundfile as sf
 processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/hubert-large-ls960-ft")
 model = TFHubertForCTC.from_pretrained("facebook/hubert-large-ls960-ft")
 def map_to_array(batch):
...     speech, _ = sf.read(batch["file"])
...     batch["speech"] = speech
...     return batch
 ds = load_dataset("hf-internal-testing/librispeech_asr_dummy", "clean", split="validation")
 ds = ds.map(map_to_array)
 input_values = processor(ds["speech"][0], return_tensors="tf").input_values  # Batch size 1
 logits = model(input_values).logits
 predicted_ids = tf.argmax(logits, axis=-1)
 transcription = processor.decode(predicted_ids[0])
 # compute loss
 target_transcription = "A MAN SAID TO THE UNIVERSE SIR I EXIST"
 # Pass the transcription as text to encode labels
 labels = processor(text=transcription, return_tensors="tf").input_values
 loss = model(input_values, labels=labels).loss
←EnCodec
MCTCT→
Hubert
Overview
Documentation resources
HubertConfig
HubertModel
HubertForCTC
HubertForSequenceClassification
TFHubertModel
TFHubertForCTC
