Question: What group of people are described as semi-nomadic and speak the Semitic language ?

Answer: Semitic people

Knowledge 1: Semitic people
Semites, Semitic people or Semitic cultures (from the biblical "Shem", Hebrew: שם  ) was a term for an ethnic, cultural or racial group who speak or spoke the Semitic languages. The terminology was first used in the 1770s by members of the Göttingen School of History, who derived the name from Shem, one of the three sons of Noah in the Book of Genesis. The term "Semites", together with the parallel terms Hamites and Japhetites, is now largely obsolete outside linguistics. However, in archaeology, the term is sometimes used informally as "a kind of shorthand" for ancient Semitic-speaking peoples. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Gararish
Gararish is a designated tribal area within the Northern wilayat (state) of Sudan, to the south of the state's capital, Dongola and on the right bank of the River Nile. The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica describes the Gararish as a semi-nomadic, semi-agricultural tribe "of Semitic origin" and gives their location as further north, between Wadi Haifa and Merawi.

Knowledge 1: Gararish
Gararish is a designated tribal area within the Northern wilayat (state) of Sudan, to the south of the state's capital, Dongola and on the right bank of the River Nile. The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica describes the Gararish as a semi-nomadic, semi-agricultural tribe "of Semitic origin" and gives their location as further north, between Wadi Haifa and Merawi. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Hebrew language
Hebrew ( ; , "Ivrit " ] or ] ) is a Northwest Semitic language native to Israel, spoken by over 9 million people worldwide. Historically, it is regarded as the language of the Israelites and their ancestors, although the language was not referred to by the name Hebrew in the Tanakh. The earliest examples of written Paleo-Hebrew date from the 10th century BCE. Hebrew belongs to the West Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic language family. Hebrew is the only living Canaanite language left, and the only truly successful example of a revived dead language.

Knowledge 1: Gararish
Gararish is a designated tribal area within the Northern wilayat (state) of Sudan, to the south of the state's capital, Dongola and on the right bank of the River Nile. The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica describes the Gararish as a semi-nomadic, semi-agricultural tribe "of Semitic origin" and gives their location as further north, between Wadi Haifa and Merawi. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Central Semitic languages
The Central Semitic languages are a proposed intermediate group of Semitic languages, comprising the Late Iron Age, modern dialect of Arabic (prior to which Arabic was a Southern Semitic language), and older Bronze Age Northwest Semitic languages (which include Aramaic, Ugaritic, and the Canaanite languages of Hebrew and Phoenician). In this reckoning, Central Semitic itself is one of three divisions of Semitic along with East Semitic (Akkadian and Eblaite) and South Semitic (South Arabian and the Ethiopian Semitic languages).


Question: Glenn Quagmire is voiced by the creator of what 2012 film?

Answer: Ted

Knowledge 1: Seth MacFarlane
Seth Woodbury MacFarlane (born October 26, 1973) is an American actor, filmmaker, comedian, and singer, working primarily in animation and comedy, as well as live-action and other genres. MacFarlane is the creator of the TV series "Family Guy" (1999–2003, 2005–present) and "The Orville" (2017–present), and co-creator of the TV series "American Dad!" (2005–present) and "The Cleveland Show" (2009–2013). He also wrote, directed, and starred in the films "Ted" (2012), its sequel "Ted 2" (2015), and "A Million Ways to Die in the West" (2014). [SEP] Knowledge 2: Glenn Quagmire
Glenn Quagmire, often referred to as just Quagmire, is a character from the American animated television series "Family Guy". He is a neighbor and friend of the Griffin family and is best known for his hypersexuality and his catchphrase, "Giggity". The show's creator and voice actor Seth MacFarlane describes him as "an appalling human being who is still caught in the rat-pack era" based on anachronistic 1950s party-animal clichés.

Knowledge 1: Seth MacFarlane
Seth Woodbury MacFarlane (born October 26, 1973) is an American actor, filmmaker, comedian, and singer, working primarily in animation and comedy, as well as live-action and other genres. MacFarlane is the creator of the TV series "Family Guy" (1999–2003, 2005–present) and "The Orville" (2017–present), and co-creator of the TV series "American Dad!" (2005–present) and "The Cleveland Show" (2009–2013). He also wrote, directed, and starred in the films "Ted" (2012), its sequel "Ted 2" (2015), and "A Million Ways to Die in the West" (2014). [SEP] Knowledge 2: Tiegs for Two
"Tiegs for Two" is the 14th episode of the ninth season of the animated comedy series "Family Guy". It aired on Fox in the United States on April 10, 2011. In the episode, the family dog Brian Griffin fails again at getting a date and so seeks the advice of the Griffins' sex-crazed neighbor, Glenn Quagmire, who is also in pursuit of his ex-lover, actress Cheryl Tiegs.

Knowledge 1: Seth MacFarlane
Seth Woodbury MacFarlane (born October 26, 1973) is an American actor, filmmaker, comedian, and singer, working primarily in animation and comedy, as well as live-action and other genres. MacFarlane is the creator of the TV series "Family Guy" (1999–2003, 2005–present) and "The Orville" (2017–present), and co-creator of the TV series "American Dad!" (2005–present) and "The Cleveland Show" (2009–2013). He also wrote, directed, and starred in the films "Ted" (2012), its sequel "Ted 2" (2015), and "A Million Ways to Die in the West" (2014). [SEP] Knowledge 2: Waiting for Summer
Waiting for Summer is a 2012 Canadian drama film directed by Senthil Vinu and produced by Krzysztof Pietroszek, starring Caleb Verzyden and Virginia Leigh. The film was released on March 30, 2012 at the Canadian Film Fest in Toronto, Canada and won the 2012 Film North Best Feature Award at the Film North – Huntsville International Film Festival.


Question: Are both The Day the Universe Changed and Lennon or McCartney American documentary short films?

Answer: no

Knowledge 1: Lennon or McCartney
Lennon or McCartney is a 2014 American documentary short film directed by Matt Schichter. The film is a compilation of 550 celebrities' responses, taken from interviews throughout the decade, to the question of which musician is superior: John Lennon or Paul McCartney. [SEP] Knowledge 2: The Day the Universe Changed
The Day the Universe Changed: A Personal View by James Burke is a British documentary television series written and presented by science historian James Burke, originally broadcast on BBC1 from 19 March until 21 May 1985 by the BBC. The series' primary focus is on the effect of advances in science and technology on western society in its philosophical aspects.

Knowledge 1: Lennon or McCartney
Lennon or McCartney is a 2014 American documentary short film directed by Matt Schichter. The film is a compilation of 550 celebrities' responses, taken from interviews throughout the decade, to the question of which musician is superior: John Lennon or Paul McCartney. [SEP] Knowledge 2: James Burke (science historian)
James Burke (born 22 December 1936) is a British broadcaster, science historian, author, and television producer, who is known, among other things, for his documentary television series "Connections" (1978), and for its more philosophically oriented companion series, "The Day the Universe Changed" (1985), which is about the history of science and technology. "The Washington Post" called him "one of the most intriguing minds in the Western world".

Knowledge 1: The Day the Universe Changed
The Day the Universe Changed: A Personal View by James Burke is a British documentary television series written and presented by science historian James Burke, originally broadcast on BBC1 from 19 March until 21 May 1985 by the BBC. The series' primary focus is on the effect of advances in science and technology on western society in its philosophical aspects. [SEP] Knowledge 2: James Burke (science historian)
James Burke (born 22 December 1936) is a British broadcaster, science historian, author, and television producer, who is known, among other things, for his documentary television series "Connections" (1978), and for its more philosophically oriented companion series, "The Day the Universe Changed" (1985), which is about the history of science and technology. "The Washington Post" called him "one of the most intriguing minds in the Western world".


Question: Which European based oil giant bought the commodities trading arm of J.P. Morgan in 2014?

Answer: Mercuria Energy Group Ltd

Knowledge 1: Mercuria Energy Group
Mercuria Energy Group Ltd is a privately held Swiss international commodity trading company active over a wide spectrum of global energy markets including crude oil and refined petroleum products, natural gas (including LNG), power, coal, biodiesel, carbon emissions, base metals and agricultural products. In 2014, the company bought the commodities trading arm of J.P. Morgan in a reported US$800 million deal. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Claude Wilfrid Etoka
Claude Wilfrid Etoka (aka Willy Etoka) (born 30 May 1969, in Brazzaville, Congo) is the congolese nominee of the son of the Congolese president Kiki Sassou-Nguesso, CEO of Oil Trading company SARPD Oil and Oil palm production company Eco Oil Energy . Etoka was listed by Forbes Africa as the 10th richest man of Africa, with a wealth estimated at 500 M$. His company facilitates the supply of 60% of the Congolese fuel market, In "Jeune Afrique" (11 May 2015), Etoka featured as one of the well-connected ‘Golden Boys’; new African traders breaking through in the oil markets traditionally dominated by the international oil giants which are controlled and owned by Europeans (Glencore, Trafigura, Vitol, Mercuria, Oryx Energy). Within 10 years, his company SARPD Oil is ranked as the fifth oil player in Africa in terms of trading.

Knowledge 1: Mercuria Energy Group
Mercuria Energy Group Ltd is a privately held Swiss international commodity trading company active over a wide spectrum of global energy markets including crude oil and refined petroleum products, natural gas (including LNG), power, coal, biodiesel, carbon emissions, base metals and agricultural products. In 2014, the company bought the commodities trading arm of J.P. Morgan in a reported US$800 million deal. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Esso Australia
Esso Australia is an Australian affiliate of ExxonMobil, the US based oil giant. Esso operates a number of oil and gas platforms in Bass Strait, south east of Melbourne, Australia, as well as a gas processing facility at Longford and Long Island Point (LIP) in Hastings.

Knowledge 1: Mercuria Energy Group
Mercuria Energy Group Ltd is a privately held Swiss international commodity trading company active over a wide spectrum of global energy markets including crude oil and refined petroleum products, natural gas (including LNG), power, coal, biodiesel, carbon emissions, base metals and agricultural products. In 2014, the company bought the commodities trading arm of J.P. Morgan in a reported US$800 million deal. [SEP] Knowledge 2: J. P. Morgan Jr.
John Pierpont "Jack" Morgan Jr., also referred to as J.P. Morgan Jr. (September 7, 1867 – March 13, 1943), was an American banker, finance executive, and philanthropist. Morgan Jr. inherited the family fortune and took over the business interests including J.P. Morgan & Co. after his father J. P. Morgan died in 1913.


Question: What schools of thought are drawn from in the academic discipline of Hafiz Rashid Khan?

Answer: postmodern schools of thought

Knowledge 1: Postcolonialism
Postcolonialism or postcolonial studies is an academic discipline that analyzes, explains, and responds to the cultural legacy of colonialism and imperialism. Postcolonialism speaks about the human consequences of external control and economic exploitation of native people and their lands. Drawing from postmodern schools of thought, postcolonial studies analyze the politics of knowledge (creation, control, and distribution) by examining the functional relations of social and political power that sustain colonialism and neocolonialism—the imperial regime's depictions (social, political, cultural) of the colonizer and of the colonized. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Hafiz Rashid Khan
Hafiz Rashid Khan (Bengali: হাফিজ রশিদ খান , born June 23, 1961<ref name="ISNI/"> </ref>) is a Bangladeshi postcolonialist poet, author, editor and journalist. He wrote more than twenty titles including poetry and criticism. He is known for his postcolonialism, anti-military voice and was reputed for working in tribal area at Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh. In his twenty one years old his first book of poems was published in 1982.

Knowledge 1: Hafiz Rashid Khan
Hafiz Rashid Khan (Bengali: হাফিজ রশিদ খান , born June 23, 1961<ref name="ISNI/"> </ref>) is a Bangladeshi postcolonialist poet, author, editor and journalist. He wrote more than twenty titles including poetry and criticism. He is known for his postcolonialism, anti-military voice and was reputed for working in tribal area at Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh. In his twenty one years old his first book of poems was published in 1982. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Major (academic)
An academic major is the academic discipline to which an undergraduate student formally commits. A student who successfully completes all courses required for the major qualifies for an undergraduate degree. The word "major" is also sometimes used administratively to refer to the academic discipline pursued by a graduate student or postgraduate student in a master's or doctoral program.

Knowledge 1: Postcolonialism
Postcolonialism or postcolonial studies is an academic discipline that analyzes, explains, and responds to the cultural legacy of colonialism and imperialism. Postcolonialism speaks about the human consequences of external control and economic exploitation of native people and their lands. Drawing from postmodern schools of thought, postcolonial studies analyze the politics of knowledge (creation, control, and distribution) by examining the functional relations of social and political power that sustain colonialism and neocolonialism—the imperial regime's depictions (social, political, cultural) of the colonizer and of the colonized. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Major (academic)
An academic major is the academic discipline to which an undergraduate student formally commits. A student who successfully completes all courses required for the major qualifies for an undergraduate degree. The word "major" is also sometimes used administratively to refer to the academic discipline pursued by a graduate student or postgraduate student in a master's or doctoral program.


Question: What Kenya-based company owns the Tusker beer brand?

Answer: East African Breweries Limited

Knowledge 1: Tusker (beer)
Tusker is a beer brand owned by East African Breweries, with over 700,000 hectolitres being sold in Kenya per year. It is also the largest African beer brand in the Diageo group. It is a 4.2% ABV pale lager. The beer's slogan ""Bia yangu, Nchi yangu"" means "My beer, My country" in Swahili. [SEP] Knowledge 2: East African Breweries
East African Breweries Limited, commonly referred to as EABL, is a Kenya-based holding company that manufactures branded beer, spirits, and non-alcoholic beverages.

Knowledge 1: East African Breweries
East African Breweries Limited, commonly referred to as EABL, is a Kenya-based holding company that manufactures branded beer, spirits, and non-alcoholic beverages. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Beer shop
A beer shop (also referred to as beershop) is a retail store where beer and other goods related to beer are sold. Beer shops can be found all around the world, but there are many located in famous beer countries like Belgium, Germany or England. Beer shops range in size, and may be located on streets or in shopping malls. Beer shops usually offer many different kinds of beer brands. Some shops offer only regional beer brands which are famous or well known in their region. Others also offer a big range of beer including beer brand from all around the world.

Knowledge 1: Tusker (beer)
Tusker is a beer brand owned by East African Breweries, with over 700,000 hectolitres being sold in Kenya per year. It is also the largest African beer brand in the Diageo group. It is a 4.2% ABV pale lager. The beer's slogan ""Bia yangu, Nchi yangu"" means "My beer, My country" in Swahili. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Beer shop
A beer shop (also referred to as beershop) is a retail store where beer and other goods related to beer are sold. Beer shops can be found all around the world, but there are many located in famous beer countries like Belgium, Germany or England. Beer shops range in size, and may be located on streets or in shopping malls. Beer shops usually offer many different kinds of beer brands. Some shops offer only regional beer brands which are famous or well known in their region. Others also offer a big range of beer including beer brand from all around the world.


Question: Are 13 Engines and Oingo Boingo both new wave bands?

Answer: no

Knowledge 1: Oingo Boingo
Oingo Boingo was an American new wave band, best known for their hits "Dead Man's Party" and "Weird Science". They are noted for their soundtrack contributions and high energy Halloween concerts, as well as their mixture of styles, including ska, pop, rock, and world music. The band was founded in 1972 as The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo, a performance art group. The band was led by songwriter/vocalist Danny Elfman, who has since achieved success as a composer for film and television. [SEP] Knowledge 2: 13 Engines
13 Engines was a Canadian alternative rock band active in the 1990s.

Knowledge 1: 13 Engines
13 Engines was a Canadian alternative rock band active in the 1990s. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Oingo Boingo (EP)
Oingo Boingo is the first official release from the southern California new wave band Oingo Boingo. The song selection includes three original compositions by Danny Elfman, as well as a ska inflected cover of bluesman Willie Dixon's "Violent Love".

Knowledge 1: Oingo Boingo
Oingo Boingo was an American new wave band, best known for their hits "Dead Man's Party" and "Weird Science". They are noted for their soundtrack contributions and high energy Halloween concerts, as well as their mixture of styles, including ska, pop, rock, and world music. The band was founded in 1972 as The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo, a performance art group. The band was led by songwriter/vocalist Danny Elfman, who has since achieved success as a composer for film and television. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Weird Science (song)
"Weird Science" is a song by Oingo Boingo. Written by frontman Danny Elfman, it is the theme song to the "Weird Science" film and television series. It was released on the film's soundtrack, as well as Oingo Boingo's 1985 album, "Dead Man's Party", as a longer mix. The song reached #45 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, and #21 on the US Dance Club Charts.


Question: When was Erik Watts' father born?

Answer: May 5, 1939

Knowledge 1: Bill Watts
William F. Watts Jr. (born May 5, 1939) is an American former professional wrestler, promoter, and WWE Hall of Fame Inductee (2009). Watts was famous under his "Cowboy" gimmick in his wrestling career, and then as a tough, no-nonsense promoter in the Mid-South United States, which grew to become the Universal Wrestling Federation (UWF). [SEP] Knowledge 2: Erik Watts
Erik Watts (born December 19, 1967) is an American semi-retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his appearances with World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation in the 1990s. He is the son of WWE Hall of Famer Bill Watts.

Knowledge 1: Erik Watts
Erik Watts (born December 19, 1967) is an American semi-retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his appearances with World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation in the 1990s. He is the son of WWE Hall of Famer Bill Watts. [SEP] Knowledge 2: TCW Tag Team Championship
The TCW Tag Team Championship was the primary professional wrestling tag team title of Turnbuckle Championship Wrestling. It was originally won by Scott Anton & Erik Watts who defeated Glacier & Jorge Estrada, coincidentally opponents for the TCW Heavyweight Championship, in Dothan, Alabama on March 3, 2001. Unlike the singles titles, the tag team titles changed hands very often when the promotion toured outside the state of Georgia, as far away as Alabama and Tennessee.

Knowledge 1: Bill Watts
William F. Watts Jr. (born May 5, 1939) is an American former professional wrestler, promoter, and WWE Hall of Fame Inductee (2009). Watts was famous under his "Cowboy" gimmick in his wrestling career, and then as a tough, no-nonsense promoter in the Mid-South United States, which grew to become the Universal Wrestling Federation (UWF). [SEP] Knowledge 2: TCW Tag Team Championship
The TCW Tag Team Championship was the primary professional wrestling tag team title of Turnbuckle Championship Wrestling. It was originally won by Scott Anton & Erik Watts who defeated Glacier & Jorge Estrada, coincidentally opponents for the TCW Heavyweight Championship, in Dothan, Alabama on March 3, 2001. Unlike the singles titles, the tag team titles changed hands very often when the promotion toured outside the state of Georgia, as far away as Alabama and Tennessee.


Question: What aspect of the board game Diplomacy is not found in the board game Uncle Wiggily?

Answer: negotiation phases

Knowledge 1: Diplomacy (game)
Diplomacy is a strategic board game created by Allan B. Calhamer in 1954 and released commercially in 1959. Its main distinctions from most board wargames are its negotiation phases (players spend much of their time forming and betraying alliances with other players and forming beneficial strategies) and the absence of dice and other game elements that produce random effects. Set in Europe before the beginning of World War I, "Diplomacy" is played by two to seven players, each controlling the armed forces of a major European power (or, with fewer players, multiple powers). Each player aims to move his or her few starting units and defeat those of others to win possession of a majority of strategic cities and provinces marked as "supply centers" on the map; these supply centers allow players who control them to produce more units. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Uncle Wiggily (board game)
Uncle Wiggily Game is a track board game based on a character in a series of children's books by American writer Howard Roger Garis. The game is of the "racing" variety in the style of the European "Goose Game". Players advance along the track from Uncle Wiggily's Bungalow to Dr. Possum's House. There is no optimal strategy involved as play entirely rests upon a random drawing of the cards. The game was first published by Milton Bradley in 1916 and has seen several editions with minor modifications over the years. "Uncle Wiggily" remains one of the first and favorite games of childhood, and, with "Candy Land", is considered a classic juvenile American board game.

Knowledge 1: Diplomacy (game)
Diplomacy is a strategic board game created by Allan B. Calhamer in 1954 and released commercially in 1959. Its main distinctions from most board wargames are its negotiation phases (players spend much of their time forming and betraying alliances with other players and forming beneficial strategies) and the absence of dice and other game elements that produce random effects. Set in Europe before the beginning of World War I, "Diplomacy" is played by two to seven players, each controlling the armed forces of a major European power (or, with fewer players, multiple powers). Each player aims to move his or her few starting units and defeat those of others to win possession of a majority of strategic cities and provinces marked as "supply centers" on the map; these supply centers allow players who control them to produce more units. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Uncle Wiggily
Uncle Wiggily Longears is the main character of a series of children's stories by American author Howard R. Garis. He began writing the stories for the "Newark News" in 1910. Garis penned an Uncle Wiggily story every day (except Sundays) for more than 30 years, and published 79 books within the author's lifetime. According to his obituary in the "Chicago Tribune", a walk in the woods in Verona, New Jersey was his inspiration. The books featured work by several illustrators, notably Lansing Campbell. Other illustrators of the series included George L. Carlson, Louis Wisa, Elmer Rache, Edward Bloomfield, Lang Campbell and Mary and Wallace Stover.

Knowledge 1: Diplomacy (game)
Diplomacy is a strategic board game created by Allan B. Calhamer in 1954 and released commercially in 1959. Its main distinctions from most board wargames are its negotiation phases (players spend much of their time forming and betraying alliances with other players and forming beneficial strategies) and the absence of dice and other game elements that produce random effects. Set in Europe before the beginning of World War I, "Diplomacy" is played by two to seven players, each controlling the armed forces of a major European power (or, with fewer players, multiple powers). Each player aims to move his or her few starting units and defeat those of others to win possession of a majority of strategic cities and provinces marked as "supply centers" on the map; these supply centers allow players who control them to produce more units. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Lansing Campbell
Lansing Campbell (1882-1937) was an American illustrator best known for his illustrations in the "Uncle Wiggily" series of books by Howard R. Garis. He also used the signature Lang Campbell. Lansing Campbell was an American illustrator of popular children’s books. Campbell was born on March 3, 1882 in Carbondale, Jackson County, Illinois to John Gaines Campbell (1839 – 1913) and Alice Beman (1847 – 1920). He died on May 26, 1937 in Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina. He is laid to rest in Oak Woods Cemetery, Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, USA.


Question: What muffler repair shop owner inspired Andrey Zvyagintsev's film Leviathan?

Answer: Marvin John Heemeyer

Knowledge 1: Marvin Heemeyer
On June 4, 2004, automobile muffler repair shop owner Marvin John Heemeyer drove his armored bulldozer through Granby, Colorado, damaging 13 buildings, with the cost of the damage rounding to an estimated $7 million. Heeymeyer's bulldozer rampage, which targeted other parties of a zoning dispute, ended ignominiously when Heemeyer committed suicide with a handgun inside his Komatsu D355A bulldozer. Heemeyer added improvised composite armor to his bulldozer consisting of layers of concrete and steel, creating what the media called a "killdozer". [SEP] Knowledge 2: Leviathan (2014 film)
Leviathan (Russian: Левиафан , "Leviafan") is a 2014 Russian drama film directed by Andrey Zvyagintsev, co-written by Zvyagintsev and Oleg Negin, and starring Aleksei Serebryakov, Elena Lyadova, and Vladimir Vdovichenkov. According to Zvyagintsev, the story of Marvin Heemeyer in the United States inspired him and it was adapted into a Russian setting, but critics compare the story to the more similar biblical story of Naboth's Vineyard, where a King vies for his subjects' land and is motivated by his Queen to obtain it in a sly manner. The character development of the protagonist parallels another biblical figure, Job. The producer Alexander Rodnyansky has said: "It deals with some of the most important social issues of contemporary Russia while never becoming an artist's sermon or a public statement; it is a story of love and tragedy experienced by ordinary people". Critics noted the film as being formidable, dealing with quirks of fate, power and money.

Knowledge 1: Marvin Heemeyer
On June 4, 2004, automobile muffler repair shop owner Marvin John Heemeyer drove his armored bulldozer through Granby, Colorado, damaging 13 buildings, with the cost of the damage rounding to an estimated $7 million. Heeymeyer's bulldozer rampage, which targeted other parties of a zoning dispute, ended ignominiously when Heemeyer committed suicide with a handgun inside his Komatsu D355A bulldozer. Heemeyer added improvised composite armor to his bulldozer consisting of layers of concrete and steel, creating what the media called a "killdozer". [SEP] Knowledge 2: Andrey Zvyagintsev
Andrey Petrovich Zvyagintsev (Russian: Андре́й Петро́вич Звя́гинцев ; born 6 February 1964) is a Russian film director and screenwriter. He is mostly known for his 2003 film "The Return", which won him a Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival. Following "The Return", Zvyagintsev directed "The Banishment" and "Elena". His film "Leviathan" was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Film in 2014. His most recent film "Loveless" won the Jury Prize at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival.

Knowledge 1: Leviathan (2014 film)
Leviathan (Russian: Левиафан , "Leviafan") is a 2014 Russian drama film directed by Andrey Zvyagintsev, co-written by Zvyagintsev and Oleg Negin, and starring Aleksei Serebryakov, Elena Lyadova, and Vladimir Vdovichenkov. According to Zvyagintsev, the story of Marvin Heemeyer in the United States inspired him and it was adapted into a Russian setting, but critics compare the story to the more similar biblical story of Naboth's Vineyard, where a King vies for his subjects' land and is motivated by his Queen to obtain it in a sly manner. The character development of the protagonist parallels another biblical figure, Job. The producer Alexander Rodnyansky has said: "It deals with some of the most important social issues of contemporary Russia while never becoming an artist's sermon or a public statement; it is a story of love and tragedy experienced by ordinary people". Critics noted the film as being formidable, dealing with quirks of fate, power and money. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Andrey Zvyagintsev
Andrey Petrovich Zvyagintsev (Russian: Андре́й Петро́вич Звя́гинцев ; born 6 February 1964) is a Russian film director and screenwriter. He is mostly known for his 2003 film "The Return", which won him a Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival. Following "The Return", Zvyagintsev directed "The Banishment" and "Elena". His film "Leviathan" was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Film in 2014. His most recent film "Loveless" won the Jury Prize at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival.


Question: When did the HBO series that Alice Wetterlund star in premier?

Answer: April 6, 2014

Knowledge 1: Silicon Valley (TV series)
Silicon Valley is an American comedy television series created by Mike Judge, John Altschuler and Dave Krinsky. The series focuses on five young men who founded a startup company in Silicon Valley. The series premiered on April 6, 2014 on HBO. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Alice Wetterlund
Alice Wetterlund (born May 16, 1981) is an American stand-up comedian and film and television actress. She played the role of Carla Walton on the HBO sitcom "Silicon Valley".

Knowledge 1: Silicon Valley (TV series)
Silicon Valley is an American comedy television series created by Mike Judge, John Altschuler and Dave Krinsky. The series focuses on five young men who founded a startup company in Silicon Valley. The series premiered on April 6, 2014 on HBO. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Zach Woods
Zach Woods (born September 25, 1984) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for starring as Jared Dunn on the HBO comedy series "Silicon Valley". Prior to that, he was a series regular for 3 seasons on the NBC sitcom "The Office", playing the role of Gabe Lewis. He also recurs on the HBO series "Veep" and on the USA Network sitcom "Playing House".

Knowledge 1: Alice Wetterlund
Alice Wetterlund (born May 16, 1981) is an American stand-up comedian and film and television actress. She played the role of Carla Walton on the HBO sitcom "Silicon Valley". [SEP] Knowledge 2: Confederate (TV series)
Confederate is an upcoming American television and alternate history drama series set in a timeline where the American Civil war ended in a stalemate. David Benioff and D. B. Weiss are developing the series for the network HBO. The two previously developed the HBO series "Game of Thrones".


Question: "She's a Woman" is a song on the B-side of a single whose A-side has one of the first uses of what in popular music?

Answer: guitar feedback

Knowledge 1: I Feel Fine
"I Feel Fine" is a song written by John Lennon (credited to Lennon–McCartney) and released in 1964 by the Beatles as the A-side of their eighth British single. The song has one of the first uses of guitar feedback in popular music. [SEP] Knowledge 2: She's a Woman
"She's a Woman" is a song by the Beatles, written mainly by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney. John Lennon contributed to the lyrics and middle eight (the bridge). The song was finished in the studio the morning of the session. It was released as the B-side to "I Feel Fine" in 1964, their last single release that year. It reached number 4 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 from frequent airplay.

Knowledge 1: She's a Woman
"She's a Woman" is a song by the Beatles, written mainly by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney. John Lennon contributed to the lyrics and middle eight (the bridge). The song was finished in the studio the morning of the session. It was released as the B-side to "I Feel Fine" in 1964, their last single release that year. It reached number 4 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 from frequent airplay. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Psychotic Reactions and Carburetor Dung (essay)
"Psychotic Reactions and Carburetor Dung" was a 1971 essay by Lester Bangs, later collected in a (ISBN  ). The essay, which talks about what is today called garage rock, contains the phrase, "...punk bands started cropping up who were writing their own songs but taking the Yardbirds' sound." This is believed to be one of the first uses of the word "punk" to refer to a type of rock music. A large section of the essay is concerned with the imagined longer career of the garage band the Count Five, after their hit "Psychotic Reaction". The band split after one album, but Bangs' discussion of the imagined subsequent records is entirely fanciful.

Knowledge 1: She's a Woman
"She's a Woman" is a song by the Beatles, written mainly by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney. John Lennon contributed to the lyrics and middle eight (the bridge). The song was finished in the studio the morning of the session. It was released as the B-side to "I Feel Fine" in 1964, their last single release that year. It reached number 4 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 from frequent airplay. [SEP] Knowledge 2: P.S.K. What Does It Mean?
"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?" (also written as "P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. are the initials for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was affiliated. The highly influential song is considered the first hardcore rap song and features incidents of graphic sex, gunplay, drug references and one of the first uses of the word "nigga" in a rap song (earlier uses include "Scoopy Rap" and "Family Rap" in 1979, and "New York New York" in 1983).


Question: Are both Microcachrys and Protea endemic to the same continent ?

Answer: no

Knowledge 1: Protea
Protea is both the botanical name and the English common name of a genus of South African flowering plants, sometimes also called sugarbushes (Afrikaans: suikerbos). In local tradition, the Protea flower represents change and hope. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Microcachrys
Microcachrys tetragona (Creeping Pine or Creeping Strawberry Pine) is a species of dioecious conifer belonging to the podocarp family (Podocarpaceae). It is the sole species of the genus Microcachrys. The plant is endemic to western Tasmania, where it is a low shrub growing to 1 m tall at high altitudes. Its leaves are scale-like, arranged (unusually for the Podocarpaceae) in opposite decussate pairs, superficially resembling those of the unrelated "Diselma archeri" (Cupressaceae). It shares the common name Creeping pine with several other plants. Females produce tiny, red, edible berries in summer.

Knowledge 1: Microcachrys
Microcachrys tetragona (Creeping Pine or Creeping Strawberry Pine) is a species of dioecious conifer belonging to the podocarp family (Podocarpaceae). It is the sole species of the genus Microcachrys. The plant is endemic to western Tasmania, where it is a low shrub growing to 1 m tall at high altitudes. Its leaves are scale-like, arranged (unusually for the Podocarpaceae) in opposite decussate pairs, superficially resembling those of the unrelated "Diselma archeri" (Cupressaceae). It shares the common name Creeping pine with several other plants. Females produce tiny, red, edible berries in summer. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Diselma
Diselma archeri (Dwarf Pine) or (Cheshunt pine) is a species of plant of the family Cupressaceae and the sole species in the genus Diselma. It is endemic to the alpine regions of Tasmania's southwest and Central Highlands, on the western coast ranges and Lake St. Clair. It is a monotypic genus restricted to high altitude rainforest and moist alpine heathland. Its distribution mirrors very closely that of other endemic Tasmanian conifers "Microcachrys tetragona" and "Pherosphaera hookeriana".

Knowledge 1: Microcachrys
Microcachrys tetragona (Creeping Pine or Creeping Strawberry Pine) is a species of dioecious conifer belonging to the podocarp family (Podocarpaceae). It is the sole species of the genus Microcachrys. The plant is endemic to western Tasmania, where it is a low shrub growing to 1 m tall at high altitudes. Its leaves are scale-like, arranged (unusually for the Podocarpaceae) in opposite decussate pairs, superficially resembling those of the unrelated "Diselma archeri" (Cupressaceae). It shares the common name Creeping pine with several other plants. Females produce tiny, red, edible berries in summer. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Protea Hotels by Marriott
Protea Hotels by Marriott is a leading South African hotel brand headquartered in Cape Town. The brand has more than 10,000 rooms in the African continent. As of April 2016, it is the largest hotel company on the continent, with over 100 managed and franchised properties in 8 African countries.


Question: What Metropolitan City was Massimo Giordano born in?

Answer: Naples

Knowledge 1: Pompei
Pompei (] ) is a city and "comune" in the Metropolitan City of Naples in Italy, home of the ancient Roman ruins part of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Massimo Giordano
Massimo Giordano (born 19 February 1971) is an Italian-born operatic tenor who is known for his bel canto repertoire. Giordano was born in Pompei, Italy into an Italian working-class family.

Knowledge 1: Marcello Giordani
Marcello Giordani (birth name Marcello Guagliardo; born 25 January 1963) is an Italian operatic tenor who has sung leading roles in opera houses throughout Europe and the United States. He has had a distinguished association with the New York Metropolitan Opera, where he has sung in over 200 performances since his debut there in 1993. (He is not to be confused with another Italian tenor, Massimo Giordano, who toured with Anna Netrebko in 2009.) [SEP] Knowledge 2: Milan
Milan ( or ; Italian: "Milano" ] ; Lombard: Milan ] (Milanese variant)) is the city capital of the Lombardy Region in Northern Italy and is the 2nd richest city in the European Union after Paris in 2016.It is the second most populous city in Italy after Rome, with the city proper having a population of 1,369,000 (the Metropolitan City of Milan has a population of 3,219,000). Its geographical outskirt (that stretches beyond the boundaries of the Metropolitan City of Milan), has a population estimated to be about 5,270,000 in 1,891 km2 , ranking 2nd in the European Union. The wider Milan metropolitan area, popular for Greater Milan, is a polycentric metropolitan region that comprehends almost every province of Lombardy, the Piedmont province of Novara, and some parts of the province of Piacenza which counts an estimated total population of 8,123,020.

Knowledge 1: Marcello Giordani
Marcello Giordani (birth name Marcello Guagliardo; born 25 January 1963) is an Italian operatic tenor who has sung leading roles in opera houses throughout Europe and the United States. He has had a distinguished association with the New York Metropolitan Opera, where he has sung in over 200 performances since his debut there in 1993. (He is not to be confused with another Italian tenor, Massimo Giordano, who toured with Anna Netrebko in 2009.) [SEP] Knowledge 2: Metropolitan City of Messina
The Metropolitan City of Messina (Italian: "Città metropolitana di Messina" ) is a metropolitan city in Sicily, Italy. Its capital is the city of Messina. It replaced the Province of Messina and comprises the city of Messina and other 107 municipalities ("comuni"). According to Eurostat the FUA of the metropolitan area of Messina has in 2014 277,584 inhabitants.


Question: What country of origin does Stan Williams and Adelaide Oval have in common?

Answer: Australian

Knowledge 1: Adelaide Oval
Adelaide Oval is a stadium in Adelaide, South Australia, located in the parklands between the city centre and North Adelaide. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Stan Williams (Australian footballer)
Stanley J. "Dick" Williams (19 July 1891 – 25 May 1966) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was the curator of Adelaide Oval from 1939 to 1953.

Knowledge 1: Adelaide Oval
Adelaide Oval is a stadium in Adelaide, South Australia, located in the parklands between the city centre and North Adelaide. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Stan Williams (footballer, born 1919)
Stan Williams (born 1 May 1919) is a South African former football player. Williams played for Aberdeen, Plymouth Argyle and Dundee. He scored the winning goal for Aberdeen in the 1947 Scottish Cup Final, and also appeared in the Scottish League Cup Final during the same season.

Knowledge 1: Adelaide Oval
Adelaide Oval is a stadium in Adelaide, South Australia, located in the parklands between the city centre and North Adelaide. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Stan Williams (author)
Stan Williams was a contemporary of the Beatles who, after retiring, authored "Penny Lane is in My Ears and in My Eyes" which describes memories and insights into the lives of John Lennon, George Harrison and others as they grew up in Liverpool. He once appeared on the same stage as Lennon when in 1957 he attended skiffle auditions at The Cavern, to be followed on to the stage minutes later by the Black Jacks, featuring Lennon playing the tea-chest bass in a pair of gloves. The Black Jacks were the embryonic Quarrymen who, after many changes, became the Beatles.


Question: Cagliostro-Walzer op.370 was composed by a man born in what year?

Answer: 1825

Knowledge 1: Johann Strauss II
Johann Strauss II (October 25, 1825 – June 3, 1899), also known as Johann Strauss Jr., the Younger, the Son (German: "Sohn" ), Johann Baptist Strauss, was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas. He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas and a ballet. In his lifetime, he was known as "The Waltz King", and was largely then responsible for the popularity of the waltz in Vienna during the 19th century. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Cagliostro-Walzer
Cagliostro-Walzer op.370 is a waltz by Johann Strauss II composed in 1875 based on themes from his operetta, Cagliostro in Wien which premiered on 27 February 1875 at the famous Theater an der Wien.

Knowledge 1: Jiroemon Kimura
Jiroemon Kimura (木村 次郎右衛門 , Kimura Jirōemon , April 19, 1897 – June 12, 2013) was a Japanese supercentenarian. He became the oldest verified male in history on December 28, 2012, at the age of 115 years and 253 days when he surpassed the age of Christian Mortensen who died in 1998, and also became the first and so far the only man who indisputably reached 116 years of age, being 116 years, 54 days old at the time of his death from natural causes on June 12, 2013, in a hospital in his hometown of Kyōtango, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. He was the last known living man born in the 19th century. [SEP] Knowledge 2: James Sisnett
James Emmanuel "Doc" Sisnett (22 February 1900 – 23 May 2013) was a Barbadian supercentenarian. Born and raised in Saint George, he spent his life as a blacksmith, sugar factory worker, and farmer, not retiring from the latter until he turned 100. In excellent health throughout his life, he died at the age of 113 years, 90 days and held a number of distinctions. Among them, he was the verified oldest man in the Western Hemisphere, the second-oldest man in the world, and the last surviving black man born in the 19th century. He was also the only verified supercentenarian from Barbados and, along with Jiroemon Kimura (who died 20 days after Sisnett), one of the last men born in the 19th century.

Knowledge 1: Cagliostro-Walzer
Cagliostro-Walzer op.370 is a waltz by Johann Strauss II composed in 1875 based on themes from his operetta, Cagliostro in Wien which premiered on 27 February 1875 at the famous Theater an der Wien. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Jiroemon Kimura
Jiroemon Kimura (木村 次郎右衛門 , Kimura Jirōemon , April 19, 1897 – June 12, 2013) was a Japanese supercentenarian. He became the oldest verified male in history on December 28, 2012, at the age of 115 years and 253 days when he surpassed the age of Christian Mortensen who died in 1998, and also became the first and so far the only man who indisputably reached 116 years of age, being 116 years, 54 days old at the time of his death from natural causes on June 12, 2013, in a hospital in his hometown of Kyōtango, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. He was the last known living man born in the 19th century.


Question: In which album was American rapper Kendrick Lamar's first number-one single on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 included?

Answer: "1989" (2014)

Knowledge 1: Humble (song)
"Humble" (stylized as "HUMBLE.") is a song by American rapper Kendrick Lamar. It was released on March 30, 2017, by Top Dawg Entertainment, Aftermath Entertainment and Interscope Records. The song, written by Lamar and Mike Will Made It and produced by the latter, was serviced to rhythmic contemporary radio as the lead single from Lamar's fourth studio album, "Damn". The single became Lamar's second number-one single on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 after "Bad Blood" and his first as a lead artist. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Bad Blood (Taylor Swift song)
"Bad Blood" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, from her fifth studio album "1989" (2014). The remixed version of the song, featuring American rapper Kendrick Lamar, was released on May 17, 2015, by Republic Records as "1989"' s fourth single. The album version was written by Swift, Max Martin, and Shellback, with Lamar writing his verses on the remixed version. The lyrics of "Bad Blood" describe betrayal by a close friend. The album version is the eighth track of "1989".

Knowledge 1: Humble (song)
"Humble" (stylized as "HUMBLE.") is a song by American rapper Kendrick Lamar. It was released on March 30, 2017, by Top Dawg Entertainment, Aftermath Entertainment and Interscope Records. The song, written by Lamar and Mike Will Made It and produced by the latter, was serviced to rhythmic contemporary radio as the lead single from Lamar's fourth studio album, "Damn". The single became Lamar's second number-one single on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 after "Bad Blood" and his first as a lead artist. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Swimming Pools (Drank)
"Swimming Pools (Drank)" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Kendrick Lamar. It was released on July 31, 2012 as the lead single (second overall) from his major-label debut studio album "good kid, m.A.A.d city" (2012), by Top Dawg, Aftermath and Interscope. The song was written by Lamar and Tyler "T-Minus" Williams, the latter of whom also produced the song. The song, mixed by Dr. Dre and Top Dawg's engineer Derek "MixedByAli" Ali, propelled Lamar to mainstream popularity. The song peaked at number 17 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, in its thirteenth week of charting, after gradually climbing up the chart. It debuted on the Hot 100 at number 100 and progressed from number 55 and 32 to its peak. "Swimming Pools (Drank)" also serves as Lamar's first entry on the UK Singles Chart, where it debuted at number 63.

Knowledge 1: Bad Blood (Taylor Swift song)
"Bad Blood" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, from her fifth studio album "1989" (2014). The remixed version of the song, featuring American rapper Kendrick Lamar, was released on May 17, 2015, by Republic Records as "1989"' s fourth single. The album version was written by Swift, Max Martin, and Shellback, with Lamar writing his verses on the remixed version. The lyrics of "Bad Blood" describe betrayal by a close friend. The album version is the eighth track of "1989". [SEP] Knowledge 2: Madonna singles discography
American singer Madonna has released 83 singles and 16 promotional singles, and charted with 14 other songs. In 1982, she signed a contract with Sire Records and Warner Bros. Records, and released her first two singles before launching her eponymous debut album. Her first entry on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 was "Holiday" (1983), which peaked at number 16. The following year, Madonna released "Like a Virgin", which reached number one in Australia, Canada and the US; in the latter it spent six weeks atop the chart. The album "Like a Virgin" spawned three other top five singles: "Material Girl", "Angel", and "Dress You Up". In 1985, Madonna released her second US number-one single, "Crazy for You", and her first UK number-one single, "Into the Groove", both from feature film soundtracks. The following year, her third studio album "True Blue" gave her three number-one singles: "Live to Tell", "Papa Don't Preach", and "Open Your Heart". Two other singles from the album, "True Blue" and "La Isla Bonita", were top-five hits. In 1987, she scored another number-one single with "Who's That Girl". The title track from Madonna's fourth studio album, "Like a Prayer" (1989), was her seventh single to top the Hot 100 chart, making her the female artist with the most number-one singles in the 1980s (shared with Whitney Houston).


Question: Witkins Township is served what district that is represented by Tim Murphy?

Answer: Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district

Knowledge 1: Wilkins Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Wilkins Township is a township in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 6,357 at the 2010 census. It is served by Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district, the 43rd District of the Pennsylvania State Senate, and the 34th District of the Pennsylvania State House of Representatives. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district
Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district includes parts of Greene County, Washington County, Allegheny and Westmoreland Counties. Republican Tim Murphy has represented the district since 2003.

Knowledge 1: Juniata County School District
The Juniata County School District is a rural, public school district located in Juniata County, Pennsylvania. The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania and one of seven county-wide school districts in the Commonwealth. The district encompasses approximately 372 sqmi . Juniata County School District serves residents in: Beale Township, Delaware Township, Fayette Township, Fermanagh Township, Lack Township, Milford Township, Monroe Township, Spruce Hill Township, Susquehanna Township, Turbett Township, Tuscarora Township and Walker Township. It also serves the residents of the following boroughs: Mifflin, Mifflintown, Port Royal, Thompsontown, East Salem, East Waterford, Mexico, McAlisterville and Richfield. According to 2000 federal census data, Juniata County School District served a resident population of 22,273 people. By 2013, the US Census reports that the Juniata County School District's resident population grew to 24,005 people. The educational attainment levels for the Juniata County School District population (25 years old and over) were 82.4% high school graduates and 11.2% college graduates. The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania. [SEP] Knowledge 2: 2015 Harvard Crimson football team
The 2015 Harvard Crimson football team represented Harvard University during the 2015 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by 22nd year head coach Tim Murphy and played their home games at Harvard Stadium. They were a member of the Ivy League. They finished the season 9–1, 6–1 in Ivy League play to finish in a three-way tie for the Ivy League title with Dartmouth and Penn.

Knowledge 1: Juniata County School District
The Juniata County School District is a rural, public school district located in Juniata County, Pennsylvania. The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania and one of seven county-wide school districts in the Commonwealth. The district encompasses approximately 372 sqmi . Juniata County School District serves residents in: Beale Township, Delaware Township, Fayette Township, Fermanagh Township, Lack Township, Milford Township, Monroe Township, Spruce Hill Township, Susquehanna Township, Turbett Township, Tuscarora Township and Walker Township. It also serves the residents of the following boroughs: Mifflin, Mifflintown, Port Royal, Thompsontown, East Salem, East Waterford, Mexico, McAlisterville and Richfield. According to 2000 federal census data, Juniata County School District served a resident population of 22,273 people. By 2013, the US Census reports that the Juniata County School District's resident population grew to 24,005 people. The educational attainment levels for the Juniata County School District population (25 years old and over) were 82.4% high school graduates and 11.2% college graduates. The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania. [SEP] Knowledge 2: 2011 Harvard Crimson football team
The 2011 Harvard Crimson football team represented Harvard University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Crimson were led by 18th year head coach Tim Murphy and played their home games at Harvard Stadium. They are a member of the Ivy League. They finished the season 9–1, 7–0 in Ivy League play to claim the conference championship.


Question: What was the book that was centered around a rule that is expressed algebraically, or quantities "a" and "b" with "a" > "b" > 0?

Answer: The Story of Phi, the World's Most Astonishing Number

Knowledge 1: Golden ratio
In mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities. The figure on the right illustrates the geometric relationship. Expressed algebraically, for quantities "a" and "b" with "a" > "b" > 0, [SEP] Knowledge 2: Mario Livio
Mario Livio (born 1945 in Bucharest) is an Israeli-American astrophysicist and an author of works that popularize science and mathematics. From 1991 till 2015 he was an astrophysicist at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which operates the Hubble Space Telescope. He is perhaps best known for his book on the irrational number "phi": "The Golden Ratio: The Story of Phi, the World's Most Astonishing Number" (2002). The book won the Peano Prize and the International Pythagoras Prize for popular books on mathematics.

Knowledge 1: Group of rational points on the unit circle
In mathematics, the rational points on the unit circle are those points ("x", "y") such that both "x" and "y" are rational numbers ("fractions") and satisfy "x" + "y" = 1. The set of such points turns out to be closely related to primitive Pythagorean triples. Consider a primitive right triangle, that is, with integral side lengths "a", "b", "c", with "c" the hypotenuse, such that the sides have no common factor larger than 1. Then on the unit circle there exists the rational point ("a"/"c", "b"/"c"), which, in the complex plane, is just "a"/"c" + "ib"/"c", where "i" is the imaginary unit. Conversely, if ("x", "y") is a rational point on the unit circle in the 1st quadrant of the coordinate system (i.e. "x" > 0, "y" > 0), then there exists a primitive right triangle with sides "xc", "yc", "c", with "c" being the least common multiple of "x" and "y" denominators. There is a correspondence between points ("x","y") in the "x"-"y" plane and points "x" + "iy" in the complex plane which will be used below, with ("a", "b") taken as equal to "a" + "ib". [SEP] Knowledge 2: Kempf vanishing theorem
In algebraic geometry, the Kempf vanishing theorem, introduced by , states that the higher cohomology group "H"("G"/"B","L"(λ)) ("i" > 0) vanishes whenever λ is a dominant weight of "B". Here "G" is a reductive algebraic group over an algebraically closed field, "B" a Borel subgroup, and "L"(λ) a line bundle associated to λ. In characteristic 0 this is a special case of the Borel–Weil–Bott theorem, but unlike the Borel–Weil–Bott theorem, the Kempf vanishing theorem still holds in positive characteristic.

Knowledge 1: Group of rational points on the unit circle
In mathematics, the rational points on the unit circle are those points ("x", "y") such that both "x" and "y" are rational numbers ("fractions") and satisfy "x" + "y" = 1. The set of such points turns out to be closely related to primitive Pythagorean triples. Consider a primitive right triangle, that is, with integral side lengths "a", "b", "c", with "c" the hypotenuse, such that the sides have no common factor larger than 1. Then on the unit circle there exists the rational point ("a"/"c", "b"/"c"), which, in the complex plane, is just "a"/"c" + "ib"/"c", where "i" is the imaginary unit. Conversely, if ("x", "y") is a rational point on the unit circle in the 1st quadrant of the coordinate system (i.e. "x" > 0, "y" > 0), then there exists a primitive right triangle with sides "xc", "yc", "c", with "c" being the least common multiple of "x" and "y" denominators. There is a correspondence between points ("x","y") in the "x"-"y" plane and points "x" + "iy" in the complex plane which will be used below, with ("a", "b") taken as equal to "a" + "ib". [SEP] Knowledge 2: Schwarz's list
In the mathematical theory of special functions, Schwarz's list or the Schwartz table is the list of 15 cases found by when hypergeometric functions can be expressed algebraically. More precisely, it is a listing of parameters determining the cases in which the hypergeometric equation has a finite monodromy group, or equivalently has two independent solutions that are algebraic functions. It lists 15 cases, divided up by the isomorphism class of the monodromy group (excluding the case of a cyclic group), and was first derived by Schwarz by methods of complex analytic geometry. Correspondingly the statement is not directly in terms of the parameters specifying the hypergeometric equation, but in terms of quantities used to describe certain spherical triangles.


Question: The vynil collectible Vinylmation are all shaped with the body of a cartoon character created by who ?

Answer: Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks

Knowledge 1: Vinylmation
Vinylmation is a brand of 1.5", 3", and 9" vinyl collectibles sold at Disney theme parks, select Disney Stores, and the online Disney Store. The name "Vinylmation" is a combination of the word "Animation" and "Vinyl". Most figures are all shaped with the body of Mickey Mouse but have different themed markings, colors, and patterns. This means that all figures have round mouse ears, whether or not the painted character has them. This is accommodated by painting the ears with backgrounds - stars, stripes, rainbows - to match the painted character. The series exception is the Park Starz series which does not resemble Mickey at all, and more closely resembles iconic figures from the parks. Vinylmation was first introduced in July 2008, and the first figures were introduced in November 2008. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Mickey Mouse
Mickey Mouse is a funny animal cartoon character and the official mascot of The Walt Disney Company. He was created by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks at the Walt Disney Studios in 1928. An anthropomorphic mouse who typically wears red shorts, large yellow shoes, and white gloves, Mickey has become one of the world's most recognizable characters.

Knowledge 1: Vinylmation
Vinylmation is a brand of 1.5", 3", and 9" vinyl collectibles sold at Disney theme parks, select Disney Stores, and the online Disney Store. The name "Vinylmation" is a combination of the word "Animation" and "Vinyl". Most figures are all shaped with the body of Mickey Mouse but have different themed markings, colors, and patterns. This means that all figures have round mouse ears, whether or not the painted character has them. This is accommodated by painting the ears with backgrounds - stars, stripes, rainbows - to match the painted character. The series exception is the Park Starz series which does not resemble Mickey at all, and more closely resembles iconic figures from the parks. Vinylmation was first introduced in July 2008, and the first figures were introduced in November 2008. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Donald Duck
Donald Duck is a cartoon character created in 1934 at Walt Disney Productions. Donald is an anthropomorphic white duck with a yellow-orange bill, legs, and feet. He typically wears a sailor shirt and cap with a bow tie. Donald is most famous for his semi-intelligible speech and his mischievous and temperamental personality. Along with his friend Mickey Mouse, Donald is one of the most popular Disney characters and was included in TV Guide's list of the 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time in 2002. He has appeared in more films than any other Disney character, and is the most published comic book character in the world outside of the superhero genre.

Knowledge 1: Vinylmation
Vinylmation is a brand of 1.5", 3", and 9" vinyl collectibles sold at Disney theme parks, select Disney Stores, and the online Disney Store. The name "Vinylmation" is a combination of the word "Animation" and "Vinyl". Most figures are all shaped with the body of Mickey Mouse but have different themed markings, colors, and patterns. This means that all figures have round mouse ears, whether or not the painted character has them. This is accommodated by painting the ears with backgrounds - stars, stripes, rainbows - to match the painted character. The series exception is the Park Starz series which does not resemble Mickey at all, and more closely resembles iconic figures from the parks. Vinylmation was first introduced in July 2008, and the first figures were introduced in November 2008. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Pete (Disney)
Pete (also called Peg-Leg Pete, Pistol Pete and Black Pete, among other names) is an anthropomorphic cartoon character created in 1925 by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks. He is a character of The Walt Disney Company and often appears as a nemesis and the main antagonist in Mickey Mouse universe stories. He was originally an anthropomorphic bear but with the advent of Mickey Mouse in 1928, he was defined as a cat. Pete is the oldest continuing Disney character, having debuted three years before Mickey Mouse in the cartoon "Alice Solves the Puzzle" (1925).


Question: Deckers Creek is a tributary, and its beginning in the west is named after?

Answer: Richard Arthur

Knowledge 1: Arthurdale, West Virginia
Arthurdale is an unincorporated community in Preston County, West Virginia, United States. Arthurdale was named for Richard Arthur, former owner of the land on which it was built, who had sold the land to the federal government under a tax default. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Deckers Creek
Deckers Creek is a 24.6 mi tributary of the Monongahela River that runs through north-central West Virginia. It begins west of Arthurdale and flows southeast, then north, then northwest towards Morgantown, where it empties into the Monongahela River. The stream has been contaminated by various sources, though largely due to extractive resource mining and improper sewage disposal. Recently, a conservation effort has been launched and conditions are improving, as the area continues to develop for recreational purposes.

Knowledge 1: Deckers Creek
Deckers Creek is a 24.6 mi tributary of the Monongahela River that runs through north-central West Virginia. It begins west of Arthurdale and flows southeast, then north, then northwest towards Morgantown, where it empties into the Monongahela River. The stream has been contaminated by various sources, though largely due to extractive resource mining and improper sewage disposal. Recently, a conservation effort has been launched and conditions are improving, as the area continues to develop for recreational purposes. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Cascade, West Virginia
Cascade is an unincorporated community in Preston County, West Virginia, United States. Cascade is located along West Virginia Route 7, Deckers Creek, and a CSX Railroad line 1.2 mi northwest of Morgantown.

Knowledge 1: Deckers Creek
Deckers Creek is a 24.6 mi tributary of the Monongahela River that runs through north-central West Virginia. It begins west of Arthurdale and flows southeast, then north, then northwest towards Morgantown, where it empties into the Monongahela River. The stream has been contaminated by various sources, though largely due to extractive resource mining and improper sewage disposal. Recently, a conservation effort has been launched and conditions are improving, as the area continues to develop for recreational purposes. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Deckers Creek Trail
The Deckers Creek Trail is a rail trail located in West Virginia.


Question: What country does Haringey Heartlands and The Mall Wood Green have in common?

Answer: London

Knowledge 1: Haringey Heartlands
Haringey Heartlands is a currently ongoing urban regeneration project in the London Borough of Haringey, in north London, England. The site is located west of Shopping City in Wood Green. The aim of the development is "to create a vibrant and attractive new urban quarter which acts as the civic and cultural Heart of Haringey, integrating with and benefiting wider communities." [SEP] Knowledge 2: The Mall Wood Green
The Mall Wood Green is a large shopping centre and residential complex in Wood Green, north London. It is generally still referred to by its former name of Wood Green Shopping City; the signage on the building still uses that name.

Knowledge 1: The Mall Wood Green
The Mall Wood Green is a large shopping centre and residential complex in Wood Green, north London. It is generally still referred to by its former name of Wood Green Shopping City; the signage on the building still uses that name. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Heartlands High School
Heartlands High School is a state secondary school located in Wood Green in the London Borough of Haringey. It welcomed its first students in September 2010. The headteacher is Mr. Simon Garrill.

Knowledge 1: The Mall Wood Green
The Mall Wood Green is a large shopping centre and residential complex in Wood Green, north London. It is generally still referred to by its former name of Wood Green Shopping City; the signage on the building still uses that name. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Wood Green tube station
Wood Green is a London Underground station on the Piccadilly line. The station is between Turnpike Lane and Bounds Green stations and is in Travelcard Zone 3. It is located at junction of High Road, Wood Green and Lordship Lane. It serves Wood Green Shopping City and the nearby Haringey Council administrative complex as well as a densely populated residential area. It is also the closest tube station to the Alexandra Palace Venue.


Question: What is the central institution of Cheyenne Indian tribal governance that Ehyophsta was not a member of?

Answer: the Council of Forty-four

Knowledge 1: Ehyophsta
Ehyophsta (Cheyenne for "Yellow-Haired Woman") was a Cheyenne woman. She was the daughter of Stands-in-the-Timber who died in 1849, and she was the niece of Bad Faced Bull. She fought in the Battle of Beecher Island in 1868, and also fought the Shoshone that same year, where she counted coup against one enemy and killed another. She fought the Shoshone again in 1869. She was also a member of a secret society composed exclusively of Cheyenne women. She died in 1915. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Council of Forty-four
The Council of Forty-four was one of the two central institutions of traditional Cheyenne Indian tribal governance, the other being the military societies such as the Dog Soldiers. The influence of the Council of Forty-four waned in the face of internal conflict among the Cheyenne about Cheyenne policy toward encroaching white settlers on the Great Plains, and was dealt a severe blow by the Sand Creek Massacre.

Knowledge 1: Ehyophsta
Ehyophsta (Cheyenne for "Yellow-Haired Woman") was a Cheyenne woman. She was the daughter of Stands-in-the-Timber who died in 1849, and she was the niece of Bad Faced Bull. She fought in the Battle of Beecher Island in 1868, and also fought the Shoshone that same year, where she counted coup against one enemy and killed another. She fought the Shoshone again in 1869. She was also a member of a secret society composed exclusively of Cheyenne women. She died in 1915. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Cheyenne military societies
Cheyenne military societies are one of the two central institutions of traditional Cheyenne Indian tribal governance, the other being the Council of Forty-four. While council chiefs are responsible for overall governance of individual bands and the tribe as a whole, the headmen of military societies are in charge of maintaining discipline within the tribe, overseeing tribal hunts and ceremonies, and providing military leadership. Historically, council chiefs selected which of the six military societies would assume these duties; after a period of time on-duty, the chiefs would select a different society to take up the duties.

Knowledge 1: Council of Forty-four
The Council of Forty-four was one of the two central institutions of traditional Cheyenne Indian tribal governance, the other being the military societies such as the Dog Soldiers. The influence of the Council of Forty-four waned in the face of internal conflict among the Cheyenne about Cheyenne policy toward encroaching white settlers on the Great Plains, and was dealt a severe blow by the Sand Creek Massacre. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Cheyenne
The Cheyenne ( ) are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Great Plains and their language is of the Algonquian language family. The Cheyenne comprise two Native American tribes, the Só'taeo'o or Só'taétaneo'o (more commonly spelled as Suhtai or Sutaio) and the Tsétsêhéstâhese (also spelled Tsitsistas). These tribes merged in the early 19th century. Today, the Cheyenne people are split into two federally recognized Nations: the Southern Cheyenne, who are enrolled in the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes in Oklahoma, and the Northern Cheyenne, who are enrolled in the Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation in Montana.


Question: Which movie was released first, Return to Oz or Midnight Madness?

Answer: Midnight Madness

Knowledge 1: Return to Oz
Return to Oz is a 1985 fantasy adventure film directed and written by Walter Murch, an editor and sound designer, co-written by Gill Dennis and produced by Paul Maslansky. It stars Nicol Williamson as the Nome King, Jean Marsh as Princess Mombi, Piper Laurie as Aunt Em, Matt Clark as Uncle Henry and introduces Fairuza Balk as Dorothy Gale. It is loosely based on L. Frank Baum's "Oz" novels, mainly "The Marvelous Land of Oz" (1904) and "Ozma of Oz" (1907), yet is set six months after the events of the first novel, "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" (1900) took place. Although it is not a sequel and unrelated to the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film, "The Wizard of Oz", it borrows a few elements of it such as the ruby slippers. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Midnight Madness (film)
Midnight Madness is a 1980 American comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and starring David Naughton, Stephen Furst and Maggie Roswell.

Knowledge 1: Midnight Madness (album)
Midnight Madness is the second studio album from rock band Night Ranger released in 1983. Their second album produced three charting singles and contains the band's best known hit, "Sister Christian." It remains their highest selling album at over a million copies sold in the US. The first single/video, "(You Can Still) Rock in America" peaked at #51 in early 1984 on Billboard's Hot 100 chart and also reached #15 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. "Sister Christian" peaked at #5 on Billboard's Hot 100 and was one of the most played videos of 1984. The song also has been featured in several films including "Boogie Nights" and "Rock of Ages" among others. "When You Close Your Eyes" was the third single/video and reached #14 on Billboard's Hot 100 chart and #7 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Tracks Chart. The 1984 CD release contains a slightly different recording of the track. "Rumours In The Air" also charted on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart peaking at #26 in the spring of 1984. [SEP] Knowledge 2: (You Can Still) Rock in America
"(You Can Still) Rock in America" is a rock anthem written by Jack Blades and Brad Gillis, and the first single released from Night Ranger's 1983 album "Midnight Madness". Former Deep Purple and Black Sabbath singer Glenn Hughes contribute backing vocals on the song.

Knowledge 1: Return to Oz
Return to Oz is a 1985 fantasy adventure film directed and written by Walter Murch, an editor and sound designer, co-written by Gill Dennis and produced by Paul Maslansky. It stars Nicol Williamson as the Nome King, Jean Marsh as Princess Mombi, Piper Laurie as Aunt Em, Matt Clark as Uncle Henry and introduces Fairuza Balk as Dorothy Gale. It is loosely based on L. Frank Baum's "Oz" novels, mainly "The Marvelous Land of Oz" (1904) and "Ozma of Oz" (1907), yet is set six months after the events of the first novel, "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" (1900) took place. Although it is not a sequel and unrelated to the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film, "The Wizard of Oz", it borrows a few elements of it such as the ruby slippers. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Midnight Madness (basketball)
Midnight Madness is an annual event celebrating the upcoming college basketball season in which a team opens its first official practice to the public, often combining it with a pep rally and other fan friendly activities. The tradition originated from teams holding public practices at midnight on the earliest day that the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) would allow a practice to be held. In 2013, a new NCAA rule established some flexbility around the opening of a team's practice sessions. As a result, the dates on which teams celebrate Midnight Madness can vary, but most stick with the traditional date of a Friday night closest to 15 October.


Question: The bomber who carried out a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) assassination attempt against the top tier of the British government in 1984 was born in what year?

Answer: 1951

Knowledge 1: Patrick Magee (Irish republican)
Patrick Joseph Magee (born 1951) is a former Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) Terrorist, best known for planting a bomb in the Brighton's Grand Hotel targeting Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet, which killed two men and three women. He is sometimes referred to as the "Brighton bomber". [SEP] Knowledge 2: Brighton hotel bombing
The Brighton hotel bombing was a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) assassination attempt against the top tier of the British government in 1984 that occurred on 12 October 1984 at the Grand Brighton Hotel in Brighton, England. A long-delay time bomb was planted in the hotel by IRA member Patrick Magee, with the purpose of killing Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet, who were staying at the hotel for the Conservative Party conference. Although Thatcher narrowly escaped injury, five people were killed including a sitting Conservative MP, and 31 were injured.

Knowledge 1: Patrick Magee (Irish republican)
Patrick Joseph Magee (born 1951) is a former Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) Terrorist, best known for planting a bomb in the Brighton's Grand Hotel targeting Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet, which killed two men and three women. He is sometimes referred to as the "Brighton bomber". [SEP] Knowledge 2: Provisional Irish Republican Army
The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Provisional IRA) was an Irish republican paramilitary organization that sought to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and to bring about an independent socialist republic encompassing all of Ireland. It was the biggest and most active republican paramilitary group during the Troubles. It saw itself as the successor to the original IRA and called itself simply the Irish Republican Army (IRA), or "Óglaigh na hÉireann" in Irish, and was widely referred to as such by others.

Knowledge 1: Brighton hotel bombing
The Brighton hotel bombing was a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) assassination attempt against the top tier of the British government in 1984 that occurred on 12 October 1984 at the Grand Brighton Hotel in Brighton, England. A long-delay time bomb was planted in the hotel by IRA member Patrick Magee, with the purpose of killing Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet, who were staying at the hotel for the Conservative Party conference. Although Thatcher narrowly escaped injury, five people were killed including a sitting Conservative MP, and 31 were injured. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Provisional Irish Republican Army
The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Provisional IRA) was an Irish republican paramilitary organization that sought to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and to bring about an independent socialist republic encompassing all of Ireland. It was the biggest and most active republican paramilitary group during the Troubles. It saw itself as the successor to the original IRA and called itself simply the Irish Republican Army (IRA), or "Óglaigh na hÉireann" in Irish, and was widely referred to as such by others.


Question: What famous New York burglar and freelance writer was involved in a robbery for which a book was written about?

Answer: Robert "Bobby" Germaine

Knowledge 1: Lufthansa heist
"This is about the robbery itself. For the book on the topic, see The Lufthansa Heist." [SEP] Knowledge 2: Robert "Bobby" Germaine
Robert "Bobby" Germaine, Sr. (October 1, 1925 – April 1986), the son of French-Canadian immigrants, was a drug trafficker, burglar, and freelance writer in New York, NY. He was friends with Henry Hill and involved in his criminal activities following the Lufthansa heist up to Hill's incarceration. Germaine was also a friend of Jimmy 'the Gent' Burke. On January 3, 1972, Germaine was one of the gunmen of the Pierre Hotel armed robbery, where he and his seven cohorts, after binding and gagging the hotel employees, taking the Pierre under siege, ransacked the safe deposit boxes, and plundered an estimated $28,000,000 in jewels and cash. (Refer to 'Contract Killer' by William Hoffman & Lake Headley).

Knowledge 1: Robert "Bobby" Germaine
Robert "Bobby" Germaine, Sr. (October 1, 1925 – April 1986), the son of French-Canadian immigrants, was a drug trafficker, burglar, and freelance writer in New York, NY. He was friends with Henry Hill and involved in his criminal activities following the Lufthansa heist up to Hill's incarceration. Germaine was also a friend of Jimmy 'the Gent' Burke. On January 3, 1972, Germaine was one of the gunmen of the Pierre Hotel armed robbery, where he and his seven cohorts, after binding and gagging the hotel employees, taking the Pierre under siege, ransacked the safe deposit boxes, and plundered an estimated $28,000,000 in jewels and cash. (Refer to 'Contract Killer' by William Hoffman & Lake Headley). [SEP] Knowledge 2: George Ibanez
George “Crime79” Ibañez (b. New York, New York December 31, 1964) is a famous New York City-based graffiti artist. He was introduced to graffiti art while attending Franklin K. Lane High School and began painting subways at age 13 in the East New York section of Brooklyn. While continuing with his subway art, Ibañez was named Class Artist and received the Art Students League of New York Gold Medal. He then studied at the School of Visual Arts.

Knowledge 1: Robert "Bobby" Germaine
Robert "Bobby" Germaine, Sr. (October 1, 1925 – April 1986), the son of French-Canadian immigrants, was a drug trafficker, burglar, and freelance writer in New York, NY. He was friends with Henry Hill and involved in his criminal activities following the Lufthansa heist up to Hill's incarceration. Germaine was also a friend of Jimmy 'the Gent' Burke. On January 3, 1972, Germaine was one of the gunmen of the Pierre Hotel armed robbery, where he and his seven cohorts, after binding and gagging the hotel employees, taking the Pierre under siege, ransacked the safe deposit boxes, and plundered an estimated $28,000,000 in jewels and cash. (Refer to 'Contract Killer' by William Hoffman & Lake Headley). [SEP] Knowledge 2: Charles E. Johnson (FBI Most Wanted fugitive)
Charles E. Johnson (born February 22, 1907) was a New York burglar who was listed on the "FBI's Ten Most Wanted" during 1953. He was a professional boxer. While still a teenager, Johnson was first arrested for burglary in 1921. He continued committing burglary and armed robbery throughout the 1920s until his eventual arrest in 1934 after a robbery in New York. Sentenced to serve four to eight years imprisonment, he was transferred to Dannemora Prison after he shot a police officer during a failed jailbreak from Sing Sing Prison. Although released briefly for six months, he remained imprisoned from 1935 until 1952.


Question: APB and Sleeper are both from britain?

Answer: yes

Knowledge 1: APB (band)
APB was a Scottish post-punk band, formed in 1979, that blended funk rock, punk rock and new wave music. The group had only modest success during its brief run, yet their influence can be heard in the sound of such current bands as Franz Ferdinand, The Rapture, and Red Hot Chili Peppers. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Sleeper (band)
Sleeper are an English Britpop band, fronted by Louise Wener and formed in London. The group had eight UK Top 40 hit singles and three UK Top 10 albums during the 1990s Their music was also featured in the soundtrack of the pop cultural hit movie "Trainspotting". The band split up in 1998 but reunited in 2017 for some live appearances.

Knowledge 1: British Rail Mark 5 (CAF)
The British Rail Mark 5 and Mark 5A is the designation given to new locomotive hauled rail carriages being built for operation by two train operating companies in Great Britain, Caledonian Sleeper and TransPennine Express [SEP] Knowledge 2: British Royal Train
In the United Kingdom, the Royal Train is used to convey senior members of the British Royal Family and associated staff of the Royal Household around the railway network of Great Britain. It is formed from a dedicated set of claret liveried sleeper, dining and lounge carriages. The current stock dates from 1977-1987. They are arranged according to requirements, and stored when not in use. The earliest royal coaches date back to the mid-19th Century in the reign of Queen Victoria; until an upgrade in 1977 there were multiple sets based in different regions, a legacy of the pre-nationalisation era of railways in Britain. Many are now in museums or on heritage railways; the National Railway Museum in York has a royal themed exhibition. Dedicated locomotives have never traditionally been part of the Royal Train, first appearing in special livery only in the 1990s, but also seeing use on other trains since 2003. In the 21st Century, various preserved (and one new build) steam locomotives have also hauled the train on special occasions. Although regularly cited by critics as one of the unnecessary luxuries of the Royal Family, which has led to an increase in the alternate use of normal scheduled services where possible, supporters argue the current arrangement emphasizes utility over luxury, and is still often the most practical and secure mode of travel to fit the required itinerary and avoid disruption to the public.

Knowledge 1: British Rail Mark 5 (CAF)
The British Rail Mark 5 and Mark 5A is the designation given to new locomotive hauled rail carriages being built for operation by two train operating companies in Great Britain, Caledonian Sleeper and TransPennine Express [SEP] Knowledge 2: Sleeper Either Class
A Sleeper Either class (SLE) and Sleeper Either class with Pantry (SLEP) are a type of railway sleeping car used in Great Britain. Some units were later modified for better wheelchair access as Sleeper Either class Disabled (SLED). A smaller number reused in Denmark were classified as WLABr.


Question: The 2015 MTV Video Music Awards pre-show premiered the music video for a love ballad with a prominent what?

Answer: dream pop influence

Knowledge 1: Wildest Dreams (Taylor Swift song)
"Wildest Dreams" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for her fifth studio album, "1989". The song was released to radio by Big Machine Records on August 31, 2015, as the album's fifth single. Swift co-wrote the song with its producers Max Martin and Shellback. Musically, "Wildest Dreams" is a love ballad with a prominent dream pop influence, with the lyrics describing Swift's plea for her lover to remember her. [SEP] Knowledge 2: 2015 MTV Video Music Awards
The 2015 MTV Video Music Awards were held on August 30, 2015. The 32nd installment of the event was held at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, California, and hosted by Miley Cyrus. Taylor Swift led the nominations with a total of ten, followed by Ed Sheeran, who had six., bringing his total number of mentions to 13. Swift's "Wildest Dreams" music video premiered during the pre-show. Cyrus also announced and released her studio album "Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz", right after her performance at the end of the show. During his acceptance speech, Kanye West announced that he would be running for the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election. Taylor Swift won the most awards with four, including Video of the Year and Best Female Video. The VMA trophies were redesigned by Jeremy Scott.

Knowledge 1: Wildest Dreams (Taylor Swift song)
"Wildest Dreams" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for her fifth studio album, "1989". The song was released to radio by Big Machine Records on August 31, 2015, as the album's fifth single. Swift co-wrote the song with its producers Max Martin and Shellback. Musically, "Wildest Dreams" is a love ballad with a prominent dream pop influence, with the lyrics describing Swift's plea for her lover to remember her. [SEP] Knowledge 2: America's Best Dance Crew (season 8)
America’s Best Dance Crew All-Stars: Road to the VMAs was the eighth season of the competitive dance reality television series "America's Best Dance Crew". The revival of the series was announced by MTV on January 10, 2015, following the show's cancellation in 2012. The season, which premiered on July 29, 2015, was hosted by television presenter Jason Dundas. The season consisted of six "Video Music Award"–themed episodes; the winner was crowned in a live episode finale airing before the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards. Hip hop artist T-Pain, recording artist Teyana Taylor, and Broadway performer Frankie Grande formed the new judging panel.

Knowledge 1: America's Best Dance Crew (season 8)
America’s Best Dance Crew All-Stars: Road to the VMAs was the eighth season of the competitive dance reality television series "America's Best Dance Crew". The revival of the series was announced by MTV on January 10, 2015, following the show's cancellation in 2012. The season, which premiered on July 29, 2015, was hosted by television presenter Jason Dundas. The season consisted of six "Video Music Award"–themed episodes; the winner was crowned in a live episode finale airing before the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards. Hip hop artist T-Pain, recording artist Teyana Taylor, and Broadway performer Frankie Grande formed the new judging panel. [SEP] Knowledge 2: MTV Video Music Award for Best Dance Video
The MTV Video Music Award for Best Dance Video was first awarded in 1989, and it was one of the original four genre categories that were added to the MTV Video Music Awards that year. With a revamp of the awards in 2007, the category was cut out along with several others, yet it returned for the 2008 awards, where it was given a new name: Best Dancing in a Video. In 2009 the award for Best Dancing was again eliminated from the VMAs, but it was revived again in 2010 as Best Dance Music Video. The following year, though, the award was once again absent from the category list. Once again, the award was revived in 2012, this time under the name of Best Electronic Dance Music Video, celebrating the rise in popularity of EDM throughout the year. It was again eliminated for the 2013 awards. On July 17, 2014, MTV brought the category back, this time renaming it the MTV Clubland Award for the 2014 Awards. The pattern of awarding the moonman every other year continued in 2016 where the award was renamed Best Electronic Video.


Question: The Jodrell Bank Observatory was established in 1945 by what English physicist and radio astronomer?

Answer: Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell

Knowledge 1: Jodrell Bank Observatory
The Jodrell Bank Observatory (originally the Jodrell Bank Experimental Station, then the Nuffield Radio Astronomy Laboratories from 1966 to 1999; ) is a British observatory that hosts a number of radio telescopes, and is part of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Manchester. The observatory was established in 1945 by Sir Bernard Lovell, a radio astronomer at the University of Manchester who wanted to investigate cosmic rays after his work on radar during the Second World War. It has since played an important role in the research of meteors, quasars, pulsars, masers and gravitational lenses, and was heavily involved with the tracking of space probes at the start of the Space Age. The managing director of the observatory is Professor Simon Garrington. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Bernard Lovell
Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell, OBE, FRS (31 August 19136 August 2012) was an English physicist and radio astronomer. He was the first Director of Jodrell Bank Observatory, from 1945 to 1980.

Knowledge 1: Jodrell Bank Observatory
The Jodrell Bank Observatory (originally the Jodrell Bank Experimental Station, then the Nuffield Radio Astronomy Laboratories from 1966 to 1999; ) is a British observatory that hosts a number of radio telescopes, and is part of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Manchester. The observatory was established in 1945 by Sir Bernard Lovell, a radio astronomer at the University of Manchester who wanted to investigate cosmic rays after his work on radar during the Second World War. It has since played an important role in the research of meteors, quasars, pulsars, masers and gravitational lenses, and was heavily involved with the tracking of space probes at the start of the Space Age. The managing director of the observatory is Professor Simon Garrington. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Mary Almond
Dr Mary Almond, (born 2 January 1928) is an English physicist, radio astronomer, palaeomagnetist, mathematician, and computer scientist who completed an early PhD in radio astronomy at Jodrell Bank Observatory in 1952.

Knowledge 1: Bernard Lovell
Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell, OBE, FRS (31 August 19136 August 2012) was an English physicist and radio astronomer. He was the first Director of Jodrell Bank Observatory, from 1945 to 1980. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Lovell Telescope
The Lovell Telescope is a radio telescope at Jodrell Bank Observatory, near Goostrey, Cheshire in the north-west of England. When construction was finished in 1957, the telescope was the largest steerable dish radio telescope in the world at 76.2 m (250 ft) in diameter;


Question: What was the benefit of reintroducing piston power and replacing the most popular turboprop engine in history?

Answer: much better fuel economy

Knowledge 1: Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6
The Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6, produced by Pratt & Whitney Canada, is one of the most popular turboprop aircraft engines in history. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Orenda OE600
The Orenda OE600 is a 600 hp-class liquid-cooled 8-cylinder V-block aircraft engine intended to re-introduce piston power to aircraft normally powered by the famous Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6 turboprop. The piston engine offers much better fuel economy, which Orenda Aerospace felt would be attractive for older aircraft whose engines were reaching the end of their lifespan. However, changes in Orenda's business in the post-9/11 time frame led to the project being canceled.

Knowledge 1: Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6
The Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6, produced by Pratt & Whitney Canada, is one of the most popular turboprop aircraft engines in history. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Ryan XF2R Dark Shark
The Ryan XF2R Dark Shark was an experimental aircraft built for the United States Navy that combined turboprop and turbojet propulsion. It was based on Ryan Aeronautical's earlier FR Fireball, but replaced the Fireball's piston engine with a General Electric T31 turboprop engine driving a 4-bladed Hamilton Standard propeller.

Knowledge 1: Orenda OE600
The Orenda OE600 is a 600 hp-class liquid-cooled 8-cylinder V-block aircraft engine intended to re-introduce piston power to aircraft normally powered by the famous Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6 turboprop. The piston engine offers much better fuel economy, which Orenda Aerospace felt would be attractive for older aircraft whose engines were reaching the end of their lifespan. However, changes in Orenda's business in the post-9/11 time frame led to the project being canceled. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Ryan XF2R Dark Shark
The Ryan XF2R Dark Shark was an experimental aircraft built for the United States Navy that combined turboprop and turbojet propulsion. It was based on Ryan Aeronautical's earlier FR Fireball, but replaced the Fireball's piston engine with a General Electric T31 turboprop engine driving a 4-bladed Hamilton Standard propeller.


Question: Alex Jesaulenko, former Australian rules footballer and coach won the award The Goal of the Year. In what year did he win that award?

Answer: 2001

Knowledge 1: Alex Jesaulenko
Alex Jesaulenko (Ukrainian: Олександр Єсауленко , transcribed "Oleksandr Yesaulenko", ] ) MBE (born 2 August 1945 in Salzburg, Austria) is a former Australian rules footballer and coach who represented Carlton and St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL) from the 1960s to the 1980s. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Goal of the Year (AFL)
The Goal of the Year is a competition for the best goals kicked in the VFL/AFL during that season. It is run in conjunction with the Mark of the Year competition and is currently sponsored by Coates Hire. The award is also known as the Phil Manassa Medal. The concept is thought to have been initiated as an unofficial award in 1970 by media interests after Alex Jesaulenko's famous mark. The official award was first given in 2001.

Knowledge 1: Alex Jesaulenko
Alex Jesaulenko (Ukrainian: Олександр Єсауленко , transcribed "Oleksandr Yesaulenko", ] ) MBE (born 2 August 1945 in Salzburg, Austria) is a former Australian rules footballer and coach who represented Carlton and St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL) from the 1960s to the 1980s. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Mick Malthouse
Michael "Mick" Malthouse (born 17 August 1953) is a former Australian rules footballer and former Australian Football League (AFL) coach and current media personality. Although his playing career included a premiership for Richmond in 1980, he is best known for his long coaching career at four clubs.

Knowledge 1: Goal of the Year (AFL)
The Goal of the Year is a competition for the best goals kicked in the VFL/AFL during that season. It is run in conjunction with the Mark of the Year competition and is currently sponsored by Coates Hire. The award is also known as the Phil Manassa Medal. The concept is thought to have been initiated as an unofficial award in 1970 by media interests after Alex Jesaulenko's famous mark. The official award was first given in 2001. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Mick Malthouse
Michael "Mick" Malthouse (born 17 August 1953) is a former Australian rules footballer and former Australian Football League (AFL) coach and current media personality. Although his playing career included a premiership for Richmond in 1980, he is best known for his long coaching career at four clubs.