<s>[INST] The next text is a question of a member of the European parliament:"Following the Extraordinary Meeting of the Frontex Management Board on 10 November 2020, a number of articles in the press reported that refugees had been pushed back by the Coast Guard and Frontex forces operating in the Aegean. In particular, it was reported that Frontex vessels are actively involved in pushing back refugees, or in similar incidents, putting the lives of refugees and migrants and their young children fleeing the hell of war and poverty at risk.The role and responsibilities of Frontex have been stepped up, giving it repressive enforcement powers as a ‘European Union border and coast guard’, as well as arbitrary jurisdiction over Greek borders, something for which all Greek governments, including the current ND administration, bear responsibility. At the same time, however, the stance adopted by the EU is, among other things, manifestly encouraging Turkish leaders to challenge these borders.Moreover, Frontex actions in Greece’s territorial waters should be seen in the context of a growing number of warships in the Aegean and more generally in the south-eastern Mediterranean.In view of the above:1.Were Frontex involved in, or did they sanction, the pushback of refugees and migrants to the Aegean? When did this occur?2.How does the Commission view the call for Frontex to cease its activities in the Aegean and defend the inalienable right of each country to protect its own borders, sovereign rights and territorial integrity?"
Analyze carefully the text and assign it to the most relevant policy area among those listed below. Do not explain your answer and return only a number.
Policy area numbers: 1 = Macroeconomics
2 = Civil Rights, Minority Issues and Civil Liberties
3 = Health
4 = Agriculture and Fisheries
5 = Labour, employment and pensions
6 = Education
7 = Environment
8 = Energy
9 = Immigration
10 = Transportation
12 = Law and Crime
13 = Social welfare
14 = Regional and Urban issues and Planning
15 = Banking, finance and domestic commerce issues
16 = Defence
17 = Space, science, technology, and communications issues
18 = Foreign trade
19 = International affairs and foreign aid
20 = Governance and government
21 = Public Lands, Water Management and Territorial Issues
23 = Culture and media
[/INST]. Answer = [9]. </s>
Following the Extraordinary Meeting of the Frontex Management Board on 10 November 2020, a number of articles in the press reported that refugees had been pushed back by the Coast Guard and Frontex forces operating in the Aegean. In particular, it was reported that Frontex vessels are actively involved in pushing back refugees, or in similar incidents, putting the lives of refugees and migrants and their young children fleeing the hell of war and poverty at risk.The role and responsibilities of Frontex have been stepped up, giving it repressive enforcement powers as a ‘European Union border and coast guard’, as well as arbitrary jurisdiction over Greek borders, something for which all Greek governments, including the current ND administration, bear responsibility. At the same time, however, the stance adopted by the EU is, among other things, manifestly encouraging Turkish leaders to challenge these borders.Moreover, Frontex actions in Greece’s territorial waters should be seen in the context of a growing number of warships in the Aegean and more generally in the south-eastern Mediterranean.In view of the above:1.Were Frontex involved in, or did they sanction, the pushback of refugees and migrants to the Aegean? When did this occur?2.How does the Commission view the call for Frontex to cease its activities in the Aegean and defend the inalienable right of each country to protect its own borders, sovereign rights and territorial integrity?