<s>[INST] The next text is a question of a member of the European parliament:"In my Question E-002036/2013, Iasked for information as to whether state revenue from VAT had increased in the catering sector in Greece, following the decision adopted on 1September2011 to increase VAT on catering services from 13% to 23%. In its reply of 24April2013, the Commission emphasised that the measure ‘was estimated to yield EUR300million in 2011 and additional EUR700million from 2012 onwards. This estimate was then revised downwards to EUR400million for 2012 onwards’. It also stated that ‘the Commission services have requested additional information from the authorities in order to assess the budgetary impact of the increase in VAT on catering services more accurately’.  On 1August2013, VAT on catering services was restored to 13%, obviously because the increase to 23% had not brought about the anticipated results.  In view of the above and the fact that, since October2013, reports have been circulating that the Troika is pressing for VAT to be restored to 23%,  Will the Commission say:      1.  How did revenue from VAT on catering services compare with estimated revenue a) from 1September2011, when VAT was increased from 13% to 23% and b) from 1August2013, when it was reduced to 13%?      2.  Given that all the countries with which Greece competes for tourism have set VAT on catering services in single figures, does the European Commission realise that this is not just a budgetary question; it is, above all, a question of economic development? Can it persuade Greek citizens that the purpose of the Troika’s curious insistence on an increase in VAT on catering services is not to benefit competing countries?"
Analyze carefully the text and assign it to the most relevant policy area among those listed below. Do not explain your answer and return only a number.
Policy area numbers: 1 = Macroeconomics
2 = Civil Rights, Minority Issues and Civil Liberties
3 = Health
4 = Agriculture and Fisheries
5 = Labour, employment and pensions
6 = Education
7 = Environment
8 = Energy
9 = Immigration
10 = Transportation
12 = Law and Crime
13 = Social welfare
14 = Regional and Urban issues and Planning
15 = Banking, finance and domestic commerce issues
16 = Defence
17 = Space, science, technology, and communications issues
18 = Foreign trade
19 = International affairs and foreign aid
20 = Governance and government
21 = Public Lands, Water Management and Territorial Issues
23 = Culture and media
[/INST]. Answer = [1]. </s>
In my Question E-002036/2013, Iasked for information as to whether state revenue from VAT had increased in the catering sector in Greece, following the decision adopted on 1September2011 to increase VAT on catering services from 13% to 23%. In its reply of 24April2013, the Commission emphasised that the measure ‘was estimated to yield EUR300million in 2011 and additional EUR700million from 2012 onwards. This estimate was then revised downwards to EUR400million for 2012 onwards’. It also stated that ‘the Commission services have requested additional information from the authorities in order to assess the budgetary impact of the increase in VAT on catering services more accurately’.  On 1August2013, VAT on catering services was restored to 13%, obviously because the increase to 23% had not brought about the anticipated results.  In view of the above and the fact that, since October2013, reports have been circulating that the Troika is pressing for VAT to be restored to 23%,  Will the Commission say:      1.  How did revenue from VAT on catering services compare with estimated revenue a) from 1September2011, when VAT was increased from 13% to 23% and b) from 1August2013, when it was reduced to 13%?      2.  Given that all the countries with which Greece competes for tourism have set VAT on catering services in single figures, does the European Commission realise that this is not just a budgetary question; it is, above all, a question of economic development? Can it persuade Greek citizens that the purpose of the Troika’s curious insistence on an increase in VAT on catering services is not to benefit competing countries?