All patients infected with LRV1-negative L. guyanensis were cured after 1 dose (22 of 31 [71 %] ) or 2 doses (31 of 31 [100 %] ) of pentamidine.
12 of 44 LRV1-positive patients (27 %) presented with persistent infection and symptomatic relapse that required extended therapy and the use of second-line drugs.