Furthermore, this event has functional significance, as artificial targeting of Ste5 to the plasma membrane, but not intracellular membranes, activates the pathway in the absence of pheromone or Gbetagamma.
although independent of gbetagamma, activation by membrane-targeted ste5 requires ste20, cdc42, and cdc24, indicating that their participation in this pathway does not require them to be activated by gbetagamma.