Inhalation
Nasopharyngeal and tracheal chemical burns, upper airway obstruction
Bronchiolar/alveolar edema and narrowing
Laryngospasm (can occur immediately upon exposure)
Respiratory distress/failure, hypoxia
Cough
Skin contact
Dilute (e.g. household cleaners) rarely burn but may be irritating
Corrosive injury if contact with concentrated (e.g. industrial cleaners >25%)
Skin chemical burns, blistering, pain, necrosis, particularly on moist skin areas
Contact with compressed liquid<unk>  (stored at -28 °F) can cause frostbite injury and deep ulcerating burns
Eye contact
Greater tendency to penetrate/damage eye than other alkali
Temporary or permanent vision loss if contact with high concentrations of the gas or with concentrated<unk> m hydroxide, due to swelling/sloughing of eye surface cells
Extent of damage may not be apparent for up to a week
Ingestion
Corrosive damage/chemical burns to oropharynx, esophagus, stomach
--> Nausea/vomiting, chest pain, abdominal pain, drooling
Nasopharyngeal and tracheal chemical burns, upper airway obstruction
Bronchiolar/alveolar edema and narrowing
Laryngospasm (can occur immediately upon exposure)
Respiratory distress/failure, hypoxia
Cough
Dilute (e.g. household cleaners) rarely burn but may be irritating
Corrosive injury if contact with concentrated (e.g. industrial cleaners >25%)
Skin chemical burns, blistering, pain, necrosis, particularly on moist skin areas
Contact with compressed liquid<unk>  (stored at -28 °F) can cause frostbite injury and deep ulcerating burns
Skin chemical burns, blistering, pain, necrosis, particularly on moist skin areas
Contact with compressed liquid<unk>  (stored at -28 °F) can cause frostbite injury and deep ulcerating burns
Greater tendency to penetrate/damage eye than other alkali
Temporary or permanent vision loss if contact with high concentrations of the gas or with concentrated<unk> m hydroxide, due to swelling/sloughing of eye surface cells
Extent of damage may not be apparent for up to a week
Extent of damage may not be apparent for up to a week
Corrosive damage/chemical burns to oropharynx, esophagus, stomach
--> Nausea/vomiting, chest pain, abdominal pain, drooling
--> Nausea/vomiting, chest pain, abdominal pain, drooling
Ammonia toxicity
Caustic ingestion
Chlorate toxicity
Caustic eye exposure 
Salicylate toxicity
Caustic dermal burn
Oxalic acid toxicity
Airbag-related burns