Often confused with testicular torsion
Cremasteric reflex intact in<unk> 
Sexually active men <35yo → consider chlamydia, gonorrhea
Not sexually active, age >35yo, or anal intercourse → also consider E. coli, pseudomonas, enterobacter, TB, syphilis
Chemical<unk> 
Consider in the patient with afib and testicular pain
Testicular pain and swelling in patients on amiodarone
Cremasteric reflex intact in<unk> 
Consider in the patient with afib and testicular pain
Testicular pain and swelling in patients on amiodarone
Epididymitis
Scrotal cellulitis
Traumatic epididymitis
Testicular torsion
Fournier gangrene
Spermatocele
Hematocele
Hydrocele 