Air in the pericardium
Generally secondary to connection between pericardium and pleural cavity, bronchi, or GI tract
Most often found following trauma, severe asthma exacerbation, strangulation, or forceful drug insufflation
GI malignancy
PUD
Esophageal diverticula
Barotrauma
Mechanical ventilation
Vigorous bag-mask ventilation
SCUBA diving/rapid ascent
Drug insufflation (especially associated with crack cocaine)
Asthma
Valsalva
Infection pericarditis with gas-producing bacteria
Thoracic surgery
Pericardial fluid drainage
Blast injury
Blunt or penetrating thoracic trauma
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Mechanical ventilation
Vigorous bag-mask ventilation
SCUBA diving/rapid ascent
Drug insufflation (especially associated with crack cocaine)
Pneumopericardium
Airway/Pulmonary
Chylothorax
Bronchial injury
Hemothorax
Diaphragmatic trauma
Pneumomediastinum
Tension pneumothorax