Amides have two "i's" (prilocaine, lidocaine, etc)
Esters have one "i" (tetracaine, procaine, benzocaine, etc)
Ester<unk>  more likely to cause allergic reaction due to metabolite PABA
If patient allergic to amides and esters, consider<unk>  Diphenhydramine (Na blocker)
Sodium channel blocker mechanism
1-2 mL of 1% diphenhydramine at a time, to not exceed excessive sedation dose
Typical vial is 50 mg/mL, so to make 10 mg/mL:
10 mL NS removed from 50 mL vial
Add 10 mL of 50 mg/mL diphenhydramine to 40 mL of NS
Sedation is dose related and is similar to what would be expected for IM doses
Relative contraindications are the same for IM diphenhydramine administration
Sodium channel blocker mechanism
1-2 mL of 1% diphenhydramine at a time, to not exceed excessive sedation dose
Typical vial is 50 mg/mL, so to make 10 mg/mL:
10 mL NS removed from 50 mL vial
Add 10 mL of 50 mg/mL diphenhydramine to 40 mL of NS
Sedation is dose related and is similar to what would be expected for IM doses
Relative contraindications are the same for IM diphenhydramine administration
10 mL NS removed from 50 mL vial
Add 10 mL of 50 mg/mL diphenhydramine to 40 mL of NS
Sedation is dose related and is similar to what would be expected for IM doses
Relative contraindications are the same for IM diphenhydramine administration
1% soln contains 10 mg/ml
2% soln contains 20 mg/ml
0.5% soln contains 5 mg/ml
May cause cardiac arrest if injected intravascularly
Do not buffer with bicarbonate
Local anesthetics
Barbiturates
Neuromuscular blocking agents
Cycloplegic
Toxic alcohols
Laxatives
Antihistamines
Synthetic cannabinoids