May be the initial presenting of an unrecognized T1DM patient
OR symptoms/signs of inciting precipitant (e.g. history of med/dietary nonadherence, signs/symptoms of infection)
Presenting features may include:
Polydipsia, polyuria (initially) or decreased urine output (as volume depleted)
Signs of dehydration (dry mouth, dry mucosa, etc.), hypotension
+/- Weight loss
Abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting
Tachypnea (Kussmaul's breathing)
Acetone or fruity smell on breath
Generally ill-appearance
Altered mental status, drowsiness with decreased reflexes
Cerebral edema increases mortality significantly, especially in children
Polydipsia, polyuria (initially) or decreased urine output (as volume depleted)
Signs of dehydration (dry mouth, dry mucosa, etc.), hypotension
+/- Weight loss
Abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting
Tachypnea (Kussmaul's breathing)
Acetone or fruity smell on breath
Generally ill-appearance
Altered mental status, drowsiness with decreased reflexes
Cerebral edema increases mortality significantly, especially in children
Cerebral edema increases mortality significantly, especially in children
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Insulin or oral hypoglycemic medication non-compliance 
Alcoholic ketoacidosis
Infection
Starvation ketoacidosis
Cardiac Ischemia
Cerebral edema in DKA
Intra-abdominal infections