Defined as having all of the following:
Resp rate < 24
Heart rate 60-120 beats per minute
Normal BP
SaO2 >90% on room air and patient can<unk> eak in whole sentences
CXR
Displaced visceral pleural line without lung markings between pleural line and chest wall
Upright is best
Expiratory films DO NOT improve accuracy
Lateral decubitus films with suspected side up do increase sensitivity. Good approach in pediatrics to avoid CT
Supine CXR = deep sulcus sign
CT Chest
Very sensitive and<unk> ecific
Displaced visceral pleural line without lung markings between pleural line and chest wall
Upright is best
Expiratory films DO NOT improve accuracy
Lateral decubitus films with suspected side up do increase sensitivity. Good approach in pediatrics to avoid CT
Supine CXR = deep sulcus sign
Expiratory films DO NOT improve accuracy
Lateral decubitus films with suspected side up do increase sensitivity. Good approach in pediatrics to avoid CT
Very sensitive and<unk> ecific
No lung sliding seen (not<unk> ecific for pneumothorax)
May also identify "lung point": distinct point where you no longer see lung sliding (pathognomonic)
Absence of lung sliding WITHOUT lung point could represent apnea or right mainstem intubation
Evaluate other intercostal<unk> aces because pneumothorax may only be seen in least dependent area of thorax
NO comet tail artifact
Bar Code appearance/"Stratosphere" sign on M-mode (absence of "seashore" waves)
Ultrasound has greater sensitivity than chest x-ray for pneumothorax in trauma patients 
NO comet tail artifact
Bar Code appearance/"Stratosphere" sign on M-mode (absence of "seashore" waves)

On a conventional, upright posterior-anterior chest radiograph:
Very small: <1 cm interpleural distance (confined to upper 1/3 of chest) OR only seen on CT
Small: ≤3cm lung apex to cupola (chest wall apex) on CXR
Large: >3cm lung apex to cupola (chest wall apex) on CXR
Very small: <1 cm interpleural distance (confined to upper 1/3 of chest) OR only seen on CT
Small: ≤3cm lung apex to cupola (chest wall apex) on CXR
Large: >3cm lung apex to cupola (chest wall apex) on CXR
Spontaneous pneumothorax
Tension pneumothorax
Hemothorax
Catamenial pneumothorax
Traumatic pneumothorax
Chylothorax
Iatrogenic pneumothorax
Lung abscess