Supportive care
IVF
Antibiotics
Have not been shown to reduce duration of symptoms and not recommended in:
Mild-moderate infection
Immunocompetent
Patients aged 2-50 years old
Antibiotics may have a role in patients with:
Severe illness
IBD
Immunocompromised
Steroid use
< 3 months or > 65 years old
On hemodialysis
Sickle cell disease
Recommended regimens:
Adults:
Levofloxacin (or other fluoroquinolone) 500mg daily x 7-10 days
Azithromycin 500mg daily x 7 days
Duration should be 14 days in immunocompromised
Children:
Ceftriaxone 100mg/kg/day divided into two doses x 7-10 days
Azithromycin 20mg/kg/day daily x 7 days
Mild-moderate infection
Immunocompetent
Patients aged 2-50 years old
Severe illness
IBD
Immunocompromised
Steroid use
< 3 months or > 65 years old
On hemodialysis
Sickle cell disease
Adults:
Levofloxacin (or other fluoroquinolone) 500mg daily x 7-10 days
Azithromycin 500mg daily x 7 days
Duration should be 14 days in immunocompromised
Children:
Ceftriaxone 100mg/kg/day divided into two doses x 7-10 days
Azithromycin 20mg/kg/day daily x 7 days
Levofloxacin (or other fluoroquinolone) 500mg daily x 7-10 days
Azithromycin 500mg daily x 7 days
Duration should be 14 days in immunocompromised
Ceftriaxone 100mg/kg/day divided into two doses x 7-10 days
Azithromycin 20mg/kg/day daily x 7 days
S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
R resistant (or not effective clinically)
S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
X1 no data
X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia
Salmonella
Viral 
Shigella
Bacterial
Clostridium difficile 
Campylobacter
Clostridium difficile
Campylobacter jejuni