Hoarseness, cough, sore throat
Drooling, dysphagia
Torticollis/neck spasms
Anorexia
Shoulder abduction
Urinary retention
Outbursts of laughter
Superficial skin infection
Deep space infection (e.g. retropharyngeal abscess, Ludwig's angina
Vocal cord paralysis
Contraction of supraglottic structures→ stridor, sleep apnea
Facial muscle paresis
Cardiac arrhythmia (rare, as usually left vagus is stimulated)
Lead fracture
Twiddler's syndrome: repeated (often subconscious) manipulation of device, can lead to lead fracture or other device malfunction
Twiddler's syndrome: repeated (often subconscious) manipulation of device, can lead to lead fracture or other device malfunction
Vagal nerve stimulator complications
Gastric pacemaker complications
Deep brain stimulator complications
Cardiac ablation complications
Pacemaker complication
Left ventricular assist device complications
Local anesthetic systemic toxicity
Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator complication