Trial of antispasmodic for esophageal spasm
Nifedipine
Surgical intervention
Balloon dilatation
Botulinum toxin injection 
Myomectomy
Consider gastrostomy for frail and older patients
Patients need to eat upright at all times.
Treatment may improve dysphagia, but there is no cure and swallowing never completely normalizes
Nifedipine
Balloon dilatation
Botulinum toxin injection 
Myomectomy
Consider gastrostomy for frail and older patients
Achalasia
Ingested foreign body
Esophageal candidiasis
Esophageal carcinoma - dysphagia predominantly for solid foods during initial stages
Mallory-Weiss tear
Reflux esophagitis - dysphagia results from inflammatory swelling or a fibrotic stricture
Esophageal spasm
Pseudoachalasia - underlying malignancy mimics achalasia