Depressed central respiratory drive
Structural CNS disease: brainstem lesions
Drug depression of respiratory center: opioids, sedatives, anesthetics
Endogenous toxins: tetanus
Thoracic cage disorders
Kyphoscoliosis
Morbid obesity
Neuromuscular impairment
Neuromuscular disease: myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre
Neuromuscular toxin: organophosphate toxicity, botulism
Intrinsic lung disease associated with increased dead space
COPD
Upper airway obstruction
Structural CNS disease: brainstem lesions
Drug depression of respiratory center: opioids, sedatives, anesthetics
Endogenous toxins: tetanus
Kyphoscoliosis
Morbid obesity
Neuromuscular disease: myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre
Neuromuscular toxin: organophosphate toxicity, botulism
COPD
Hypercapnia
Depressed central respiratory drive
Metabolic alkalosis
Structural CNS disease: brainstem lesions
Hypoxemia
Drug depression of respiratory center: opioids, sedatives, anesthetics
Metabolic acidosis
Endogenous toxins: tetanus