Widely available metal
Obtained from various foods including nuts, fish, and green vegetables
Numerous poisonings from<unk>  pipes
Occurs from storage of acidic substances (lemon/orange juice), pipes exposed to carbon dioxide from carbonation process, stagnant, and hot water which leach out<unk>  from pipes
Occurs from storage of acidic substances (lemon/orange juice), pipes exposed to carbon dioxide from carbonation process, stagnant, and hot water which leach out<unk>  from pipes
Pipes
Cookware
Electrical wire
Medical devices<unk>  IUD)
Dietary supplements
Bordeaux solution (used as a pesticide)
Absorbed in the GI tract
Bound by ceruoplasmin
Elimination via biliary system
Minimal renal elimination
VD : 2L/kg<unk>  sulfate
Most common acute poisoning
Lethal dose is 0.15-0.3g/kg
Toxicity is caused through redox reactions
Fenton reaction
Haber-Weiss cycle
Generates oxidative stress, inhibiting key metabolic enzymes, particularly in cell membranes and mitochondria
Organ specific damage
Erythrocytes
Membran dysfunction resulting in hemolysis
Occurs within the first 24 hours
Hepatic
Excess<unk>  not bound by metallothionein participates in redox reactions and cause lipid peroxidation
Centrilobular necrosis
After necrosis there is a release of massive amounts of<unk>  into the blood causing a secondary hemolysis
Renal
ATN with hemoglobin casts, likely from hemolysis
Bound by ceruoplasmin
Minimal renal elimination
Most common acute poisoning
Lethal dose is 0.15-0.3g/kg
Fenton reaction
Haber-Weiss cycle
Generates oxidative stress, inhibiting key metabolic enzymes, particularly in cell membranes and mitochondria
Erythrocytes
Membran dysfunction resulting in hemolysis
Occurs within the first 24 hours
Hepatic
Excess<unk>  not bound by metallothionein participates in redox reactions and cause lipid peroxidation
Centrilobular necrosis
After necrosis there is a release of massive amounts of<unk>  into the blood causing a secondary hemolysis
Renal
ATN with hemoglobin casts, likely from hemolysis
Membran dysfunction resulting in hemolysis
Occurs within the first 24 hours
Excess<unk>  not bound by metallothionein participates in redox reactions and cause lipid peroxidation
Centrilobular necrosis
After necrosis there is a release of massive amounts of<unk>  into the blood causing a secondary hemolysis
ATN with hemoglobin casts, likely from hemolysis
Copper toxicity
Also seen in Wilson's disease
Gold toxicity
Aluminum toxicity
Zinc toxicity
Antimony toxicity
Mercury toxicity
Arsenic toxicity