An easy way to recall at the bedside by simply remembering 3 specific<unk>  2, 5, and 10—and the first 3 multiples of 15 (i.e., 15, 30, and 45). An<unk>  of 2 increases probability 15%, one of 5 increases it 30%, and one of 10 increases it 45%. For those<unk>  between 0 and 1, the clinician simply inverts 2, 5, and 10 (i.e., 1/2 = 0.5, 1/5 = 0.2, 1/10 = 0.1). Just as the<unk>  of 2.0 increases probability 15%, its inverse, 0.5, decreases probability 15%. Similarly, an<unk>  of 0.2 (the inverse of 5) decreases probability 30%, and a<unk>  of 0.1 (the inverse of 10) decreases it 45%. These benchmark<unk>  can be used to approximate the remainder of Table 1.
Although this method is inaccurate for pretest probabilities less than 10% or greater than 90%, this is not a disadvantage, because these polar extremes of probability indicate diagnostic certainty for most clinical problems, making it unnecessary to order further tests (and apply additional<unk> .
Likelihood ratios
Statistical power
Recommendation Grading System
Mandatory reporting
Types of statistical tests
Clinical decision rules list
Needed pages
STOPP/START criteria