Essential sign is scleral edema, usually accompanied by violaceous discoloration of the globe
Intense ocular pain that radiates to the face
Pain with EOM (extraocular muscles insert into the sclera)
Photophobia
Globe tenderness to palpation
Episcleral vessel dilation
Posterior to the insertion of the extraocular muscles
Physical exam often benign
Inflammation may sometimes be seen at the extremes of gaze
Patient complains of pain, pain upon EOM
Involvement of the optic nerve and retina is common
Retinal detachment, optic disc edema
Inflammation may sometimes be seen at the extremes of gaze
Retinal detachment, optic disc edema
Cornea (peripheral ulcerative keratitis → irreversible loss of vision)
Uveal tract (anterior uveitis seen in 40% - spillover of inflammation from the sclera)
Posterior segment (retinal detachment, optic disc edema)
Scleritis
Nontraumatic
Episcleritis
Acute angle-closure glaucoma^
Corneal ulcer
Anterior uveitis
Cellulitis
Conjunctivitis