Can be systemically absorbed and → metabolic acidosis, hemolysis, AKI
Dermal caustic burns
Ingestion
All patients with serious esophageal injuries have some initial sign/symptom
Dysphagia, odynophagia, epigastric pain, vomiting
Laryngotracheal injury: dysphonia, stridor, respiratory distress
Occurs via aspiration of caustic or vomitus or inhalation of acidic fumes
inhalation injury
PVCs and other arrhythmias
Delayed onset (2-12 hours) pulmonary edema
Dyspnea, chest pain
Caustic keratoconjunctivitis
Severe eye pain, blepharospasm, reduced visual acuity
Altered ocular pH (normal = 7.0-7.2)
Conjunctival injection OR blanching, chemosis, hemorrhage, epithelial defects, corneal loss OR edema, perilimbal ischemia (white ring around iris)
All patients with serious esophageal injuries have some initial sign/symptom
Dysphagia, odynophagia, epigastric pain, vomiting
Laryngotracheal injury: dysphonia, stridor, respiratory distress
Occurs via aspiration of caustic or vomitus or inhalation of acidic fumes
Occurs via aspiration of caustic or vomitus or inhalation of acidic fumes
PVCs and other arrhythmias
Delayed onset (2-12 hours) pulmonary edema
Dyspnea, chest pain
Severe eye pain, blepharospasm, reduced visual acuity
Altered ocular pH (normal = 7.0-7.2)
Conjunctival injection OR blanching, chemosis, hemorrhage, epithelial defects, corneal loss OR edema, perilimbal ischemia (white ring around iris)
Hydrochloric acid
Caustic ingestion
Hydrofluoric acid
Caustic eye exposure 
Agent orange
Caustic dermal burn
Selenium sulfide
Airbag-related burns