Heparin or low molecular weight heparin (Grade 1C)
Of note, heparin initial bolus is 3000-5000U, lower than the dosing for PE/DVT
Following the acute phase, patients should transition to oral anticoagulation for a 3-6 month duration
Warfarin is recommended as oral anticoagulation of choice
There is a controversy regarding the use of direct oral anticoagulants. However, findings from the RE-SPECT<unk>  trial which was published recently and compared warfarin to dabigatran, suggest that both agents have similar effectiveness and safety for preventing recurrent<unk> .
Of note, heparin initial bolus is 3000-5000U, lower than the dosing for PE/DVT
Warfarin is recommended as oral anticoagulation of choice
There is a controversy regarding the use of direct oral anticoagulants. However, findings from the RE-SPECT<unk>  trial which was published recently and compared warfarin to dabigatran, suggest that both agents have similar effectiveness and safety for preventing recurrent<unk> .
Recommended for patients with seizure at presentation PLUS focal<unk>  lesion (edema, infarction or hemorrhage on CT/MRI) (Grade 1B)
Only required if the patient has a seizure
Prophylaxis with antiepileptic is NOT required if the patient has a single seizure with no signs of supratentorial<unk>  lesion.
Frequent neurologic checks and clinical monitoring for increased ICP
Neurology or neurosurgical consultation depending on institutional resources
If persistent or severe elevated intracranial pressure a hemicraniectomy may be necessary
Intravascular thrombolytics (either catheter guided or systemic) in coordination with neurology may be required if the patient experiences rapidly progressing decompensation
Cerebral venous thrombosis
Migraine headache
Brain abscess
Tension headache
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Cluster headache
Vertebral and carotid artery dissection
Meningitis/encephalitis