Exsanguination (secondary to removing the tamponade effect of the hemothorax)
Clamp<unk>  immediately; take patient to the OR for emergent thoracotomy
Air leak
Reason why you never clamp the<unk>  once it is in place (could cause tension pneumothorax)
Failure
Infection
Give prophylactic antibiotics (e.g. Ancef) to decrease rate of empyema
Re-expansion pulmonary edema
Damage to nerves/vessels/heart/lung/diaphragm/abdomen
Improper positioning of the<unk> 
Tension pneumothorax
Clamp<unk>  immediately; take patient to the OR for emergent thoracotomy
Reason why you never clamp the<unk>  once it is in place (could cause tension pneumothorax)
Give prophylactic antibiotics (e.g. Ancef) to decrease rate of empyema
Improper connections or leaks in the external tubing / water seal system
Improper positioning of<unk> 
Occlusion of bronchi or bronchioles by secretions or foreign body
Tear of one of the large bronchi
Large tear of the lung parenchyma
Clotting of a smaller diameter<unk>  or pigtail catheter by blood (may require low dose TPA to declot pigtails)
If pneumothorax persists or large air leak despite well-placed<unk>  need emergent bronchoscopy
Chest tube
Thoracotomy 
Thoracotomy
Arterial line
Needle thoracostomy
Finger thoracostomy
Thoracic lavage
Pulmonary artery catheter