Also known as perniones (sing. pernio), chill burns, and perniosis
Mild but uncomfortable inflammatory lesions of skin
Caused by long-term intermittent exposure to damp, nonfreezing ambient temperatures
Symptoms precipitated by acute exposure to cold
Primarily a disease of women and children
Associated with lupus, antiphospholipid antibodies, and Raynaud phenomenon
Rare in U.S.; common in United Kingdom
Caused by long-term intermittent exposure to damp, nonfreezing ambient temperatures
Symptoms precipitated by acute exposure to cold
Chilblains
Generalized
Felon
Hypothermia
Strawberry tongue
Freezing
Whippets
Frostbite