Need for pain control when IV or PO routes are unavailable or inappropriate
Alternative to IM route
Syringes (1mL or 3mL)
Blunt fill needle
Atomizer
Medication
Load the appropriate volume/dose of medication into the syringe
Remove needle and attach atomizer device to syringe
Using your free hand to hold the crown of the head stable, place the tip of the atomizer snugly against the nostril aiming slightly up and outward (towards the top of the ipsilateral ear)
Briskly depress the syringe plunger to deliver the medication into the nostril
May repeat on opposite nostril if dose volume is too large for one nostril
Intranasal sedation
Advanced airway adjuncts
Magic mouthwash
Nasal intubation
Mechanical ventilation 
Procedural sedation 
Procedural sedation
Bag valve mask ventilation