Immediately disconnect from ventilator (allows for expiration of stacked breaths)
D - Displacement of tube or cuff
Attach end-tidal CO2 to verify and check depth (cm at lip)
O - Obstruction of tube/circuit
Use suction catheter to remove mucus plug, or make sure patient not biting down, look for kink in tube
P - Pneumothorax
Verify via ultrasound, CXR, or needle thoracostomy (high suspicion)
E - Equipment failure
Connect to BVM
S - Stacked breaths - Auto-PEEP especially in COPD/Asthma
Disconnect from ventilator
Attach end-tidal CO2 to verify and check depth (cm at lip)
Use suction catheter to remove mucus plug, or make sure patient not biting down, look for kink in tube
Verify via ultrasound, CXR, or needle thoracostomy (high suspicion)
Connect to BVM
Disconnect from ventilator
"DOTTS" Mnemonic
D - Disconnect ventilator and put light pressure on patient chest
O - Oxygen 100% BVM. Look for chest rise, listen and feel for cuff leak
T - Tube position and patency.  Pass bougie or suction all the way through tube to remove obstruction
T - Tweak the vent.  Usually need to decrease respiratory rate, decreased inspiratory time with changing E:I ratio (see below on breath-staking)
S - Sonography and CXR
Bronchodilators if COPD/asthma
Decrease RR
Decrease I:E ratio (increase expiratory time)
Quicker inspiratory flow rate
Decrease TV
Increase sedation
Super important to keep alveolar pressure low to prevent barotrauma
Peak Pressure is pressure of entire system (vent, ET tube, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli). High peak pressure does not equal barotrauma
Plateau pressure - check with button on vent (may say plateau pressure or end-inspiratory hold)
High Peak and Normal Plateau - problem with vent, ET tube, bronchoconstriction (reactive airway disease/asthma/COPD).
High Peak and High Plateau - Compliance issue (pneumothorax, problem with alveoli like ARDS, fluid overload). Need to decrease pressure to prevent barotrauma.
Plateau pressures should be kept < 30mmHg if possible.
http://www.ardsnet.org/files/ventilator_protocol_2008-07.pdf
Deterioration after intubation
Displaced ETT
Alligator and crocodile attacks
Obstruction 
Acute chest pain
Pneumothorax
Focal neurologic deficits
Equipment failure 