Muscles cramps due to electrolyte depletion
Prolonged standing +vasodilation + volume loss → decreased central venous return → decreased CO→ decreased cerebral perfusion pressure
headache, n/v, weakness, vertigo, no CNS dysfunction
Water depletion: inadequate fluid replacement to match fluid loss (sweat)
Salt depletion: large volume of fluid loss is replaced with water (with inadequate salt)
Similar to heat exhaustion plus CNS dysfunction (seizure, AMS), transaminitis, DIC, rhabdomyolysis
Environmental heat diagnoses
See also hyperthermia
Scuba diving emergencies
Heat cramps
Environmental exposure antibiotics
Heat edema
Airbag injuries
Heat exhaustion