A cerebrovascular disease characterized by progressive stenosis/occlusion of the arteries around the Circle of Willis.
The narrowing or blockage stimulates angiogenesis to provide collateral circulation to the brain.
On angiography, these small blood vessels give off a "puff of smoke" appearance (also known as<unk> " in Japanese).
The disease is found more commonly in Asian countries and was first descried in Japanese literature in 1957.
There is mounting evidence there is a genetic cause of the disease.
Moyamoya
Hemorrhagic stroke/Ischemic stroke
Cerebellar stroke
Giant cell arteritis, vasculitis
Multiple sclerosis
Head trauma
Normal pressure hydrocephalus
Basilar artery thrombosis