<unk>  <unk>  comprises spectrum of infections of the upper reproductive tract:
Salpingitis, endometritis, myo/parametritis, and oophoritis
Perihepatitis (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis) is caused by lymphatic spread
Tubo-ovarian abscess is caused by direct extension
It is the most common serious infection in women aged 16 to 25 years and begins as cervicitis (commonly due to GC or chlamydia) that may progress to polymicrobial infection.
Initial lower tract infection may be asymptomatic
Most common cause of death is rupture of a tubo-ovarian abscess
Can be caused by organisms such as M. genitalium which is very difficult to isolate and will not be picked up on routine testing
Bilateral tubal ligation does not confer protection against risk
Salpingitis, endometritis, myo/parametritis, and oophoritis
Perihepatitis (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis) is caused by lymphatic spread
Tubo-ovarian abscess is caused by direct extension
Initial lower tract infection may be asymptomatic
Most common cause of death is rupture of a tubo-ovarian abscess
Can be caused by organisms such as M. genitalium which is very difficult to isolate and will not be picked up on routine testing
Age < 25
Age at first sexual intercourse < 20
Non-white ethnicity
Nulliparous
History of transmitted<unk> s, especially chlamydia
IUD within 21 days after insertion
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Pelvic origin
Cervicitis
Acute cystitis
Prostatitis
Ectopic
Ovarian torsion
Epididymitis