Laryngotracheomalacia
Accounts for 60%
Usually exacerbated by viral URI
Dx w/ flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy
Vocal cord paralysis
Stridor associated w/ feeding problems, hoarse voice, weak and/or changing cry
May have cyanosis or apnea if bilateral (less common)
Subglottic stenosis
Congenital vs 2/2 prolonged intubation in premies
Airway hemangioma
Usually regresses by age 5
Associated w/ skin hemangiomas in beard distribution
Vascular ring/sling
Accounts for 60%
Usually exacerbated by viral URI
Dx w/ flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy
Stridor associated w/ feeding problems, hoarse voice, weak and/or changing cry
May have cyanosis or apnea if bilateral (less common)
Congenital vs 2/2 prolonged intubation in premies
Usually regresses by age 5
Associated w/ skin hemangiomas in beard distribution
Croup
viral laryngotracheobronchitis
6 mo- 3 yr, peaks at 2 yrs
Most severe on 3rd-4th day of illness
Steeple sign not reliable- diagnose clinically
Epiglottitis
H flu type B
Have higher suspicion in unvaccinated children
Rapid onset sore throat, fever, drooling
Difficult airway- call anesthesia/ ENT early<unk> 
Rare but causes life-threatening obstruction
Sx of croup + toxic-appearing =<unk> 
Foreign body (sudden onset)
Marked variation in quality or pattern of stridor
Retropharyngeal abscess
Fever, neck pain, dysphagia, muffled voice, drooling, neck stiffness/torticollis/extension
viral laryngotracheobronchitis
6 mo- 3 yr, peaks at 2 yrs
Most severe on 3rd-4th day of illness
Steeple sign not reliable- diagnose clinically
H flu type B
Have higher suspicion in unvaccinated children
Rapid onset sore throat, fever, drooling
Difficult airway- call anesthesia/ ENT early
Have higher suspicion in unvaccinated children
Rare but causes life-threatening obstruction
Sx of croup + toxic-appearing =<unk> 
Marked variation in quality or pattern of stridor
Fever, neck pain, dysphagia, muffled voice, drooling, neck stiffness/torticollis/extension
Bacterial tracheitis
Laryngotracheomalacia
Croup
Accounts for 60%
Peritonsillar abscess
Usually exacerbated by viral URI
Epiglottitis
Dx w/ flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy