See prevention of<unk>  transmission in the healthcare setting for full PPE recommendations
Supplemental oxygen therapy if Sat<90%
Target SPO2 92%-96%
High-flow Nasal Cannula
Some guidelines recommend HFNC over BIPAP/CPAP, in those that fail low-flow O2. 
Requires patient to be on airborne isolation.
Non-Invasive Ventilation if no HFNC
Consider awake proning to improve oxygenation
Bronchodilators if bronchospasm present
Use metered-dose inhaler (avoid nebulizers due to aerosolization)
Target SPO2 92%-96%
Some guidelines recommend HFNC over BIPAP/CPAP, in those that fail low-flow O2. 
Requires patient to be on airborne isolation.
Use metered-dose inhaler (avoid nebulizers due to aerosolization)
Infectious disease
Acetaminophen for fever
Consider antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia coverage
Cardiovascular 
Most patients without hemodynamic compromise
Maintain euvolemia - hypervolemia may contribute to ARDS
Hypoperfusion - cautious fluid resuscitation
Vasopressors
1st line - Norepinepherine (alternative: epinephrine)
2nd line - Vasopressin
Vascular
Consider anticoagulation
Acetaminophen for fever
Consider antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia coverage
Most patients without hemodynamic compromise
Maintain euvolemia - hypervolemia may contribute to ARDS
Hypoperfusion - cautious fluid resuscitation
Vasopressors
1st line - Norepinepherine (alternative: epinephrine)
2nd line - Vasopressin
1st line - Norepinepherine (alternative: epinephrine)
2nd line - Vasopressin
Consider anticoagulation
High risk patients (one of the following, if available):
Ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid)
Sotrovimab
Remdesivir
Molnupiravir
Ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid)
Sotrovimab
Remdesivir
Molnupiravir
Dexamethasone has not demonstrated benefit in this patient category and may be potentially harmful
Dexamethasone 6mg PO daily x the duration of supplemental oxygen (not to exceed 10 days)
Consider Remdesivir
Consider Remdesivir
Dexamethasone has not demonstrated benefit in this patient category and may be potentially harmful
Dexamethasone 6mg PO daily x 10 days
Remdesivir 200 mg IV once, then 100 mg IV once daily for 4 days or until hospital discharge (whichever comes first).
If requiring High-Flow or NIV, add baricitinib or IV tocilizumab
If not available, IV sarilumab can be used
If not available, IV sarilumab can be used
COVID-19
Influenza
Rubella
URI
Anthrax
Pneumonia
H1N1 
Sinusitis