Defined as an infection of the endocardial surface of the heart, affecting native (or prosthetic) heart valves as well as in-dwelling cardiac devices
Consider in patients with known risk factors and unexplained fever
Mitral valve most commonly affected overall; tricuspid valve most common in IVDA
Noninfectious vegetations can arise in patients with malignancy/SLE/Hypercoagulable state ("Marantic"<unk> 
S. aureus is single most common cause (accounts for 1/3 of all cases)
Strep viridans is the most common cause of native valve<unk> , excluding risk factors below
Blood cultures are falsely negative ~5% (think HACEK organisms)
Only 20% have an increase in a known murmur and only 48% have a new murmur
No longer recommended at all in the United Kingdom
In United States, only recommended for invasive dental procedures (not routine cleanings) and invasive respiratory procedures in setting of: 
IVDA
Tricuspid valve most commonly affected
Prosthetic heart valve
Coagulase negative staphylcocci are substantial etiologies in this patient population
Structural heart disease
Rheumatic heart disease (biggest risk factor in low-income countries)
Mitral valve prolapse
Bicuspid aortic valve
Hemodialysis
HIV infection
Fungal<unk>  risk factors, with Candida most common
Prolonged antibiotics
TPN through central line
Tricuspid valve most commonly affected
Coagulase negative staphylcocci are substantial etiologies in this patient population
Rheumatic heart disease (biggest risk factor in low-income countries)
Mitral valve prolapse
Bicuspid aortic valve
Prolonged antibiotics
TPN through central line
Endocarditis
Critical
Myocarditis
Sepsis
Myocarditis 
PNA with respiratory failure
Constrictive pericarditis
Peritonitis