Symptoms of underlying illness within 1 week to a few months after initiating ART
Fever (especially with mycobacterial or cryptococcal infections)
Manifestations of the underlying disease process:
Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium avium
Cryptococcus neoformans
Cytomegalovirus
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (associated with the JC virus)
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
Herpes zoster
Hepatitis B
Leishmaniasis
Kaposi sarcoma
Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium avium
Cryptococcus neoformans
Cytomegalovirus
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (associated with the JC virus)
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
Herpes zoster
Hepatitis B
Leishmaniasis
Kaposi sarcoma
Immune reconstitution syndrome
Progression of HIV/AIDS
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
Antimicrobial resistance
Cytokine release syndrome
Medication noncompliance
Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
Development of new opportunistic infection rather than recrudescence