Unintentional<unk>  (core cooling <35°C) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.  Roughly 1500 persons die of<unk>  in the US annually.
Despite the high mortality associated with pre-hospital arrest, well-directed treatment can result in complete neurologic recovery in the<unk>  patient.
50% who die of<unk>  are >65 years old
Risk of cardiac arrest increased with temperature <32°C, as stable cardiac rhythms can quickly degenerate into unstable rhythms. <unk>  patient without a pulse must be managed differently due to physiology changes that occur at low temperatures. Defibrillation and many medications may be ineffective until the core temperature is above 30.0°C. If defibrillation is warranted but unsuccessful, active rewarming should be initiated while CPR is continued.
Increased heat loss
Environmental exposure
Avalanche victims
Homeless population
Elderly patients → particularly low income during winter months
Submersion injuries
Induced vasodilation
Drugs
Carbon monoxide
Alcohol intoxication
Decreased heat production
Endocrine
Hypopituitarism
Hypothyroidism
Hypoadrenalism
Hypoglycemia
Neuromuscular inefficiency
Extremes of age
Impaired shivering
Erythrodermas
Psoriasis
Exfoliative dermatitis
Ichthyosis
Eczema
Burns
Impaired Thermoregulation
Other
Sepsis
Trauma
Environmental exposure
Avalanche victims
Homeless population
Elderly patients → particularly low income during winter months
Submersion injuries
Induced vasodilation
Drugs
Carbon monoxide
Alcohol intoxication
Avalanche victims
Homeless population
Elderly patients → particularly low income during winter months
Submersion injuries
Drugs
Carbon monoxide
Alcohol intoxication
Endocrine
Hypopituitarism
Hypothyroidism
Hypoadrenalism
Hypoglycemia
Neuromuscular inefficiency
Extremes of age
Impaired shivering
Erythrodermas
Psoriasis
Exfoliative dermatitis
Ichthyosis
Eczema
Burns
Impaired Thermoregulation
Other
Sepsis
Trauma
Hypopituitarism
Hypothyroidism
Hypoadrenalism
Hypoglycemia
Extremes of age
Impaired shivering
Psoriasis
Exfoliative dermatitis
Ichthyosis
Eczema
Burns
Sepsis
Trauma
Accidental hypothermia
Generalized
Malignant hyperthermia
Hypothermia
Traumatic asphyxia
Freezing
Lightning injuries
Frostbite