Colonic Dilation ≥6cm
Therapy: Fluids, Electrolyte Repletion, Steroids, Antibiotics, Surgical Consultation
AVOID anticholingerics, anti-motility agents, opioids
Most commonly IBD (Ulcerative Colitis >>> Crohn's disease)
Bacterial (Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, C. Diff, Yersinia, E. Coli)
Viral (CMV, Rotavirus)
Fungal/Protozoa (Aspergillus, Entamoeba, Cryptosporidium)
Drugs (Anti-motility agents, anticholinergics, opioids)
Less Common Causes (Ischemic Colitis, Collagenous Colitis, Obstructive Colorectal Cancer, Colonic Lymphoma, Kaposi's Sarcoma, Chemotherapy)
Pediatric Population (Hirschsprung's Disease, Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome)
HIV/AIDS Population (CMV, C. Diff)
Toxic megacolon
Small bowel obstruction
Mesenteric ischemia
Large bowel obstruction
Neutropenic enterocolitis 
Volvulus, Neoplastic Disease, Paralytic ileus, Pseudo-obstruction
Short bowel syndrome
Colitis