Symptom typically start soon after surfacing
42% in 1 hr, 60% in 3 hr, and 98% in 24 hr
CNS cases present more rapidly – 56% within 10 mins
Some symptoms can be delayed for days
42% in 1 hr, 60% in 3 hr, and 98% in 24 hr
CNS cases present more rapidly – 56% within 10 mins
Some symptoms can be delayed for days
Involves the joints and extremities, with constitutional symptoms
Usually only single joint is involved, most commonly:
Shoulder
Elbow
Knee
Skin and lymphatics
Pruritus, stinging, paresthesias, hot/cold sensations
Fine scarletiniform rash from nitrogen movement through sweat glands
Cutis marmorata - marbling rash, purplish-bluish discoloration, otherwise common and normal in infants
Pitting edema, peripheral swelling from lymphatic blockage
Shoulder
Elbow
Knee
Pruritus, stinging, paresthesias, hot/cold sensations
Fine scarletiniform rash from nitrogen movement through sweat glands
Cutis marmorata - marbling rash, purplish-bluish discoloration, otherwise common and normal in infants
Pitting edema, peripheral swelling from lymphatic blockage
Some consider multiple joint involvement qualifies as Type II
Spinal cord involvement
Ascending paralysis
Signs often cannot be traced to single location in the cord (may have skip lesions)
Limb weakness, paresthesias, or paralysis
Urinary retention, fecal incontinence, or priapism
Vestibular ("staggers") involvement
Vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus
Differentiated from inner ear barotrauma which usually occurs on descent
Pulmonary "chokes"
Cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, substernal chest pain
Ascending paralysis
Signs often cannot be traced to single location in the cord (may have skip lesions)
Limb weakness, paresthesias, or paralysis
Urinary retention, fecal incontinence, or priapism
Limb weakness, paresthesias, or paralysis
Urinary retention, fecal incontinence, or priapism
Vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus
Differentiated from inner ear barotrauma which usually occurs on descent
Differentiated from inner ear barotrauma which usually occurs on descent
Cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, substernal chest pain
Variety of stroke symptoms/signs
May spontaneously resolve
May spontaneously resolve
Decompression sickness
Barotrauma of descent
Acute mountain sickness
Otic barotrauma
Chronic mountain sickness
Pulmonary barotrauma
Acute chest syndrome
Sinus barotrauma