Evaluate for alternative/reversible causes of AMS or exacerbating factors
MRI can be used to visualize the pontine lesion, with a characteristic "batwing" lesion of the pons appearing in typical cases
Osmotic demyelination syndrome
Hypoxic encephalopathy
Limbic encephalitis
Acute toxic-metabolic encephalopathy 
Neoplastic meningitis
Hypoglycemia
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Hyperosmolar state 