Wide variety of clinical presentation given the large differential diagnosis
Clinical presentation and lab findings differ depending on intravascular vs. extravascular hemolysis, acute vs. chronic
Common findings
low hemoglobin and hematocrit
reticulocytosis
elevated indirect bilirubin
Most important lab to elucidate diagnosis is blood smear
Most common emergent presentations are due to acute intravascular<unk> s
low hemoglobin and hematocrit
reticulocytosis
elevated indirect bilirubin
Divided by etiology: acquired vs. hereditary
Acquired:
Microangiopathic (MAHA), autoimmune, infection
Hereditary:
Sickle cell disease, thalassemia, G6PD, hereditary spherocytosis
Microangiopathic (MAHA), autoimmune, infection
Sickle cell disease, thalassemia, G6PD, hereditary spherocytosis
Hemolytic anemia
HUS
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
TTP
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
DIC
Bandemia
Hypertensive emergency