Female-to-male ratio of 3:1
Tend to be familial
heritability estimated to be approximately 42%
Pathogenesis is thought to involve the trigeminovascular system, which when activated results in parasympathetic dilation of intracranial arteries.<unk>  without aura most common (~80%)
heritability estimated to be approximately 42%
At least 5 attacks of headache fulfilling the following criteria:
headache attacks lasting 4–72 hr (untreated or unsuccessfully treated) (>1 h for children)
headache has at least 2 of the following characteristics:
Unilateral location
Pulsating quality
Moderate or severe pain intensity
Aggravation by or causing avoidance of routine physical activity
During headache at least one of the following occurs:
Nausea and/or vomiting
Photophobia and phonophobia (may be inferred from behavior)
Not attributed to another disorder
headache attacks lasting 4–72 hr (untreated or unsuccessfully treated) (>1 h for children)
headache has at least 2 of the following characteristics:
Unilateral location
Pulsating quality
Moderate or severe pain intensity
Aggravation by or causing avoidance of routine physical activity
During headache at least one of the following occurs:
Nausea and/or vomiting
Photophobia and phonophobia (may be inferred from behavior)
Not attributed to another disorder
Unilateral location
Pulsating quality
Moderate or severe pain intensity
Aggravation by or causing avoidance of routine physical activity
Nausea and/or vomiting
Photophobia and phonophobia (may be inferred from behavior)
At least two attacks fulfilling criteria A and B
Criteria A: One or more of the following fully reversible aura symptoms:
visual
sensory
speech and/or language
motor
brainstem
retinal
Criteria B: At least three of the following six characteristics:
at least one aura symptom spreads gradually over ≥5 minutes
two or more aura symptoms occur in succession
each individual aura symptom lasts 5-60 minutes
at least one aura symptom is unilateral
at least one aura symptom is positive
the aura is accompanied, or followed within 60 minutes, by headache
Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis.
visual
sensory
speech and/or language
motor
brainstem
retinal
at least one aura symptom spreads gradually over ≥5 minutes
two or more aura symptoms occur in succession
each individual aura symptom lasts 5-60 minutes
at least one aura symptom is unilateral
at least one aura symptom is positive
the aura is accompanied, or followed within 60 minutes, by headache
Migraine headache
Tension headache
Cluster headache
Postpartum headache
Meningitis/encephalitis
Post-lumbar puncture headache
Neoplastic meningitis
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo