Nonoperative:orthosis, calcitonin, biphophanates.
kyphoplasty
vertebroplasty
surgical decompression and stabilization
Thoracic and lumbar compression fractures
Airway/Pulmonary
Vertebral fractures and dislocations
Bronchial injury
Thoracic and lumbar fractures and dislocations
Diaphragmatic trauma
Unstable spine fractures
Hemothorax