Children<unk>  usually responds well to initial treatment with the first-line therapy: corticosteroids, with 95% responding. Younger children, who are more likely to develop<unk> , usually respond faster than adults with 50% of children having complete remission with 8 days of corticosteroid therapy and most other patients responding by the 4th week. Few do not respond to corticosteroids and have to rely on an alternative therapy. However, despite positive response to corticosteroids, relapses are common, requiring repeat treatment with corticosteroids. About 25% never relapse, another 25% relapse infrequently (one relapse within 6 months of initial response or 1-3 relapses in 12 months), and 50% relapse frequently (>2 relapses within 6 months of initial response or >4 relapses in 12 months). The relapse rate is the reason behind a discussion on continuing prednisone treatment to even beyond 12 weeks to possibly decrease relapse rate; several studies trying this have failed to show significant improvement. A majority of relapses seem to be triggered by respiratory infections. Long term, children can relapse several years after having no symptoms; though after 2 years, the risk is significantly lower. In most children with<unk> , particularly among those who respond typically, there is<unk>  to no permanent damage observed in their kidneys. Complications primarily arise from the side effects of therapy. Prolonged use of corticosteroids can lead to immunosuppression (leading to infection), growth complications, weight gain. Adults While most adults diagnosed with<unk>  respond to corticosteroids, 25% fail to respond after 3–4 months of corticosteroid therapy; it is possible that these patients were incorrectly diagnosed, and do not have<unk> . Adults with<unk>  tend to respond more slowly to corticosteroid treatment, taking up to 3 or 4 months, than children do. Data in adults is less complete than for children, but relapses are fairly frequent with 56-76% of patients relapsing and needing further treatment with immunosuppressants such as ciclosporin, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and rituximab. There is little evidence to support the use of azathioprine for<unk> . As in children, complications primarily arise from the side effects of therapy. Prolonged use of corticosteroids can lead to immunosuppression (leading to infection), growth complications, weight gain.
Minimal change disease
IgA nephropathy
Mesoamerican nephropathy
Analgesic nephropathy
Cystic kidney disease
Balkan endemic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy
Sickle cell nephropathy