Clinical<unk> , marketed as Vidaza, is used mainly in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome, for which it received approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on May 19, 2004. In two randomized controlled trials comparing<unk>  to supportive treatment, 16% of subjects with myelodysplastic syndrome who were randomized to receive<unk>  had a complete or partial normalization of blood cell counts and bone marrow morphology, compared to none who received supportive care, and about two-thirds of patients who required blood transfusions no longer needed them after receiving<unk> . It is also sometimes used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, as a hypomethylating agent; an oral version called CC-486 is being tested as an easier to administer treatment for AML. Non-clinical<unk>  can be used in vitro to remove methyl groups from DNA. This may weaken the effects of gene silencing mechanisms that occur prior to methylation. Certain methylations are believed to secure DNA in a silenced state, and therefore demethylation may reduce the stability of silencing signals and confer relative gene activation.<unk>  induces tumor regression on isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 mutant glioma xenografts in mice. In research, 5-azacitidine is commonly used for promoting cardiomyocyte differentiation of adult stem cells. However, it has been suggested that this drug has a compromised efficacy as a cardiac differentiation factor because it promotes the transdifferentiation of cardiac cells to skeletal myocytes.<unk>  also has antiviral effects in animal studies as well as its anti-cancer actions, but has not been tested for clinical use.
Azacitidine
Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Lansoprazole
Dexlansoprazole
Sucralfate
Pantoprazole
Rabeprazole