Typical pupil dilation The effects of BZP are largely similar to amphetamines, with one study finding that former amphetamine addicts were unable to distinguish between dextroamphetamine and BZP administered intravenously. A 2005 study has shown that mixtures of BZP with other piperazine drugs such as TFMPP share certain pharmacodynamic traits with MDMA. Subjective effects Upon ingestion of between 50 mg and 200 mg of BZP, the user may experience any or all of the following: Initial Effects: * Feelings of euphoria, wonder, amazement, well-being, energy and elation * Rapid mood elevation * Enhanced sociability * Enhanced appreciation of music * Increased desire to move, also slight increase in stereotypy * Skin tingling * Decreased appetite * Repetitive thought patterns * Actual and perceived changes in body temperature * Mild jaw clenching/bruxism * Increased heart rate * Dilation of pupils (see photo) * Nausea * Flushing * Mild xerostomia (dry mouth) * Slight urinary incontinence, often described as "leaking" a small amount of urine after urinating (not due to loss of bladder control) Later Effects: * Mild headache * Nausea * Hangover-like symptoms (common with high doses) * Fatigue * Indigestion (similar to acid indigestion/heartburn) * Increased hunger (and sometimes thirst) * Insomnia * Confusion * Depression (particularly with frequent/heavy use) Tolerance Research into BZP's tolerance is sparse. Anecdotal evidence from online sources claim tolerance to the central action of BZP will develop quickly. Due to tiredness associated with the body's recovery from stimulants, such as BZP, it is uncommon for users to be able to sustain a week-long intake. Toxic effects ecstasy' tablet – seized by law enforcement in the United States – containing BZP, methamphetamine, and caffeine As with most sympathomimetic stimulants, there appear to be significant side effects associated with BZP use. It reportedly produces insomnia and a mild to severe hangover after the drug effect wears off. The majority of the toxic effects information came from a 2005 study that recorded all presentations associated with party pill use at the Emergency Department of Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand. Fourteen toxic seizures were recorded with two patients suffering life-threatening toxicity with status epilepticus and severe respiratory and metabolic acidosis. The results of this study and others like it showed that BZP can cause unpredictable and serious toxicity in some individuals,but the data and dosage collection were reliant on self reporting by drug users, which may result in under-reporting (or over-reporting), and there were complicating factors like the frequent presence of alcohol and other drugs. The major side effects include dilated pupils, blurred vision, dryness of the mouth, extreme alertness, pruritus, confusion, agitation, tremor, extrapyramidal symptoms (dystonia, akathisia), headache, dizziness, anxiety, insomnia, vomiting, chest pain, hallucinations, paresthesia, tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, collapse, hyperventilation, sweating, hyperthermia and problems with urine retention. The more severe toxic effects include psychosis or adverse psychiatric events, renal toxicity, respiratory failure, hyperthermia, serotonin syndrome, rhabdomyolysis and seizure. Blood<unk>  concentrations have been measured either to confirm clinical intoxication or as part of a medicolegal death investigation. Risk of fatality Ingestion of piperazine derivatives alone rarely causes death. A retrospective study carried out at an Auckland emergency department found that BZP presentations only made a minor contribution to their overdose database, with most cases not producing any significant toxicity. One death has been attributed to ingestion of BZP alone; in this case its blood concentration was measured to be 8 mg/L. Combined with alcohol or other illicit drugs, such as TFMPP and MDMA, multiple deaths have been reported. A combination of BZP and MDMA ingested by a 23-year-old DJ nearly resulted in death. He was put into an induced coma, and later recovered. In another case in Zurich in 2001, a 23-year-old who had taken BZP and MDMA died from a massive cerebral edema 57 hours after hospital admission. Addictive effects BZP has not been found to be physically addictive in humans. Most users of BZP say they could stop, but do not want to. Studies undertaken on animals have indicated that BZP can substitute for methamphetamine in addicted rats, although it is one-tenth as potent and produces correspondingly weaker addictive effects.
Benzylpiperazine
Methylbenzylpiperazine
Chlorphenamine
Methoxyphenamine
Beclamide
Mebanazine
Propylamphetamine
Mexazolam