The abnormal spiral arteries lead decreased level of oxygen diffusion through the<unk>  villus, which cause chronic hypoxia. The abnormal trophoblast invasion, lead to overall uteroplacental insufficiencies and uteroplacental underperfusion. It is due to the decreased vascularisation, there are reduced levels of nutrient delivery to the foetus. Also, cases of still births can be associated with<unk> .
Placental disease
Fetal-maternal haemorrhage
Birth trauma 
Birth trauma
Fetal distress
Birth injury
Placental insufficiency
Uterine malformation