<unk>  (, TKS, for<unk>  symptoms) is a Japanese culture-specific syndrome. The term<unk>  translates into the disorder (sho) of fear (kyofu) of interpersonal relations<unk> . Those who have<unk>  are likely to be extremely embarrassed about themselves or fearful of displeasing others when it comes to the functions of their bodies or their appearances. These bodily functions and appearances include their faces, odor, actions, or even looks. They do not want to embarrass other people with their presence. This culture-bound syndrome is a social phobia based on fear and anxiety. The symptoms of this disorder include avoiding social outings and activities, rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, panic attacks, trembling, and feelings of dread and panic when around people. The causes of this disorder are mainly from emotional trauma or psychological defense mechanism. It is more common in men than women. Lifetime prevalence is estimated at 3–13%.
Taijin kyofusho
Ishinpō
Salmawaih ibn Bunan
Amafufunyana
Diving medicine
Smell training
Toftness device
Composting toilet