<unk>  is the actual chemotherapeutic agent. It is a prodrug of the active substance fluorouracil (5-FU).<unk> , is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells) that belongs to the ‘anti-metabolites’ group.<unk>  is converted to the medicine fluorouracil in the body, but more is converted in tumor cells than in normal tissues. Fluorouracil is very similar to pyrimidine. Pyrimidine is part of the genetic material of cells (DNA and RNA). In the body, fluorouracil takes the place of pyrimidine and interferes with the enzymes involved in making new DNA. As a result, it prevents the growth of tumor cells and eventually kills them.<unk>  inhibits the degradation of fluorouracil by reversibly blocking the dehydrogenase enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD). This results in higher 5-FU levels and a prolonged half-life of the substance.<unk>  mainly stays in the gut because of its low permeability, where it reduces the production of 5-FU by blocking the enzyme orotate phosphoribosyltransferase. Lower 5-FU levels in the gut result in a lower gastrointestinal toxicity. Within the medication, the molar ratio of the three components<unk><unk><unk>  is 1:1:0.4. The maximum tolerated dose differed between Asian and Caucasian populations (80 mg/m2 and 25 mg/m2 respectively), perhaps due to differences in CYP2A6 genotype.
Tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil
Trifluridine/tipiracil
Decitabine/cedazuridine
Bicyclomycin
Ethambutol/isoniazid/rifampicin
Trastuzumab/hyaluronidase
Pemetrexed
Isoniazid/pyridoxine/sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim