Globally, the number of people with<unk>  dependence increased from 10.4 million in 1990 to 15.5 million in 2010. In 2016, the numbers rose to 27 million people who experienced this disorder.<unk> s resulted in 122,000 deaths worldwide in 2015, up from 18,000 deaths in 1990. Deaths from all causes rose from 47.5 million in 1990 to 55.8 million in 2013. United States Overdose deaths involving<unk> s, United States. Deaths per 100,000 population by year. The current epidemic of<unk>  abuse is the most lethal drug epidemic in American history. In 2008, there were four times as many deaths due to overdose than there were in 1999. In 2017, in the US, "the age-adjusted drug poisoning death rate involving<unk>  analgesics increased from 1.4 to 5.4 deaths per 100,000 population between 1999 and 2010, decreased to 5.1 in 2012 and 2013, then increased to 5.9 in 2014, and to 7.0 in 2015. The age-adjusted drug poisoning death rate involving heroin doubled from 0.7 to 1.4 deaths per 100,000 resident population between 1999 and 2011 and then continued to increase to 4.1 in 2015." In 2017, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) announced a public health emergency due to an increase in the misuse of<unk> s. The administration introduced a strategic framework called the Five-Point<unk>  Strategy, which includes providing access recovery services, increasing the availability of reversing agents for overdose, funding<unk>  misuse and pain research, changing treatments of people managing pain, and updating public health reports related to combating<unk>  drug misuse. The US epidemic in the 2000s is related to a number of factors. Rates of<unk>  use and dependency vary by age, sex, race, and socioeconomic status. With respect to race the discrepancy in deaths is thought to be due to an interplay between physician prescribing and lack of access to healthcare and certain prescription drugs. Men are at higher risk for<unk>  use and dependency than women, and men also account for more<unk>  overdoses than women, although this gap is closing. Women are more likely to be prescribed pain relievers, be given higher doses, use them for longer durations, and may become dependent upon them faster. Deaths due to<unk>  use also tend to skew at older ages than deaths from use of other illicit drugs. This does not reflect<unk>  use as a whole, which includes individuals in younger age demographics. Overdoses from<unk> s are highest among individuals who are between the ages of 40 and 50, in contrast to heroin overdoses, which are highest among individuals who are between the ages of 20 and 30. 21- to 35-year-olds represent 77% of individuals who enter treatment for<unk> , however, the average age of first-time use of prescription painkillers was 21.2 years of age in 2013. Among the middle class means of acquiring funds have included Elder financial abuse through a vulnerability of financial transactions of selling items and international dealers noticing a lack of enforcement in their transaction scams throughout the Caribbean. In 2018, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court found that a probationer with<unk>  could be detained for a parole violation after she tested positive for fentanyl. In October 2021, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed legislation to combat the<unk>  crisis. This included establishing a program for the use of medication-assisted substance use disorder treatment for incarcerated individuals in state and local correctional facilities, decriminalizing the possession and sale of hypodermic needles and syringes, establishing an online directory for distributors of<unk>  antagonists, and expanding the number of eligible crimes committed by individuals with a substance use disorder that may be considered for diversion to a substance use treatment program. Until these laws were signed, incarcerated New Yorkers did not reliably have access to medication-assisted treatment and syringe possession was still a class A misdemeanor despite New York authorizing and funding syringe exchange and access programs. This legislation acknowledges the ways New York State laws have contributed to<unk>  deaths: in 2020 more than 5112 people died from overdoses in New York State, with 2192 deaths in New York City. File:US timeline.<unk>  deaths.US yearly deaths from all<unk>  drugs. Included in this number are<unk>  analgesics, along with heroin and illicit synthetic<unk> s. File:US timeline. Deaths involving other synthetic<unk> s, predominately Fentanyl.US yearly deaths involving other synthetic<unk> s, predominately Fentanyl. File:US timeline. Prescription<unk>  pain reliever deaths.US yearly deaths involving prescription<unk> s. Non-methadone synthetics is a category dominated by illegally acquired fentanyl, and has been excluded. File:US timeline. Heroin deaths.US yearly overdose deaths involving heroin.
Opioid use disorder
Alcoholism
Stimulant use disorder
Benzodiazepine use disorder
Cannabis use disorder
Benzodiazepine dependence
Amphetamine dependence
Cocaine dependence