Healed<unk>  lesions in a alt=A woman's leg with a large discolored patch.<unk>  is treated through a combination of antibiotics to kill the bacteria, and wound care or surgery to support the healing of the ulcer. The most widely used antibiotic regimen is once daily oral rifampicin plus twice daily oral clarithromycin, recommended by the World Health Organization. Several other antibiotics are sometimes used in combination with rifampicin, namely ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ethambutol, amikacin, azithromycin, and levofloxacin. A 2018 Cochrane review suggested that the many antibiotic combinations being used are effective treatments,<unk> t there is insufficient evidence to determine if any combination is the most effective. Approximately 1 in 5 people with<unk>  experience a temporary worsening of symptoms 3 to 12 weeks after they begin taking antibiotics. This syndrome, called a paradoxical reaction, is more common in those with larger ulcers and ulcers on the trunk, and occurs more frequently in adults than in children. The paradoxical reaction in<unk>  is thought to be due to the immune system responding to the wound as bacteria die and the immune-suppressing mycolactone dissipates. Small or medium-sized ulcers (WHO categories I and II) typically heal within six months of antibiotic treatment, whereas larger ulcers can take over two years to fully heal. Given the long healing times, wound care is a major part of treating<unk> . The World Health Organization recommends standard wound care practices: covering the ulcer to keep it moist and protected from further damage; regularly changing wound dressings to keep the ulcer clean, removing excess fluid, and helping prevent infection. Treatment sometimes includes surgery to speed healing by removing necrotic ulcer tissue, grafting healthy skin over the wound, or removing scar tissue that can deform muscles and joints. Specialized wound dressings developed for non-infectious causes of ulcer are occasionally used for treating<unk> ,<unk> t can be prohibitively expensive in low-resource settings.
Buruli ulcer
Lichen planus
Callous ulcer
Lichen sclerosus
Kangri ulcer
Lipschütz ulcer
Stercoral ulcer
Melanosis coli