MRI scans showing<unk> es A<unk>  or T2<unk>  is an area of high intensity on types of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain of a human or of another mammal that reflect lesions produced largely by demyelination and axonal loss. These small regions of high intensity are observed on T2 weighted MRI images (typically created using 3D FLAIR) within cerebral white matter (white matter lesions, white matter<unk> es or WMH) or subcortical gray matter (gray matter<unk> es or GMH). The volume and frequency is strongly associated with increasing age. They are also seen in a number of neurological disorders and psychiatric illnesses. For example, deep white matter<unk> s are 2.5 to 3 times more likely to occur in bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder than control subjects. WMH volume, calculated as a potential diagnostic measure, has been shown to correlate to certain cognitive factors.<unk> es appear as "bright signals" (bright areas) on an MRI image and the term "bright signal" is occasionally used as a synonym for a<unk> .<unk> es are commonly divided into 3 types depending on the region of the brain where they are found. Deep white matter<unk> s occur deep within white matter, periventricular white matter<unk> es occur adjacent to the lateral ventricles and subcortical<unk> es occur in the basal ganglia.<unk> es are often seen in auto immune diseases that have effects on the brain. Postmortem studies combined with MRI suggest that<unk> es are dilated perivascular spaces, or demyelination caused by reduced local blood flow.
Hyperintensity
Hyperfocus
Modic changes
Midline shift
Baricity
Waxy flexibility
Left shift 
Endaural phenomena