Diagram showing a schematic nephron and its blood supply. The basic physiologic mechanisms of handling fluid and electrolytes by the nephron - filtration, secretion, reabsorption, and excretion - are labelled.<unk>  occurs in different ways, using the presence of symptoms and signs, as well as measurements using urine tests, blood tests, and medical imaging.<unk> s of a healthy<unk>  include maintaining a person's fluid balance, maintaining an acid-base balance; regulating electrolytes including sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes; clearing toxins; regulating blood pressure; and regulating hormones, such as erythropoietin; and activation of vitamin D.
Assessment of kidney function
Cardiac examination
Cardiovascular examination
Peripheral vascular examination
Pulmonary examination
Neurological examination
Cranial nerve examination
Emission computed tomography