A 3-month-old infant with untreated congenital<unk>  showing myxedematous facies, a big tongue, and skin mottling<unk>  may be prevented in a population by adding iodine to commonly used foods. This public health measure has eliminated endemic childhood<unk>  in countries where it was once common. In addition to promoting the consumption of iodine-rich foods such as dairy and fish, many countries with moderate iodine deficiency have implemented universal salt iodization. Encouraged by the World Health Organization, 70% of the world's population across 130 countries are receiving iodized salt. In some countries, iodized salt is added to bread. Despite this, iodine deficiency has reappeared in some Western countries as a result of attempts to reduce salt intake. Pregnant and breastfeeding women, who require 66% more daily iodine than non-pregnant women, may still not be getting enough iodine. The World Health Organization recommends a daily intake of 250 µg for pregnant and breastfeeding women. As many women will not achieve this from dietary sources alone, the American Thyroid Association recommends a 150 µg daily supplement by mouth.
Hypothyroidism
Heart failure
Late onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Dementia
Autoimmune thyroiditis
Depression (mood)
Acromegaly
Chronic fatigue syndrome