<unk>  is a brief loss of consciousness due to a neurologically induced drop in blood pressure and/ or a decrease in heart rate. Before an affected person passes out, there may be sweating, a decreased ability to see, or ringing in the ears. Occasionally, the person may twitch while unconscious. Complications of<unk>  include injury due to a fall.<unk>  is divided into three types: vasovagal, situational, and carotid sinus. Vasovagal<unk>  is typically triggered by seeing blood, pain, emotional stress, or prolonged standing. Situational<unk>  is often triggered by urination, swallowing, or coughing. Carotid sinus<unk>  is due to pressure on the carotid sinus in the neck. The underlying mechanism involves the nervous system slowing the heart rate and dilating blood vessels, resulting in low blood pressure and thus not enough blood flow to the brain. Diagnosis is based on the symptoms after ruling out other possible causes. Recovery from a<unk>  episode happens without specific treatment. Prevention of episodes involves avoiding a person's triggers. Drinking sufficient fluids, salt, and exercise may also be useful. If this is insufficient for treating vasovagal<unk> , medications such as midodrine or fludrocortisone may be tried. Occasionally, a cardiac pacemaker may be used as treatment.<unk>  affects at least 1 in 1,000 people per year. It is the most common type of<unk> , making up more than 50% of all cases.
Reflex syncope
Hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode
Heat syncope
Laughter-induced syncope
Reflex asystolic syncope
Panic attack
Hair-grooming syncope
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome