Fig 2. Renin<unk>  pathway Blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is regulated by the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Renin, an enzyme released from the kidneys, converts the inactive plasma protein<unk> ogen into<unk>  I (Ang I). Then Ang I is converted to Ang II with<unk>  converting enzyme (ACE), see figure 2. Ang II in plasma then binds to AT-receptors. ARBs are blocking the last part of the renin–angiotensin pathway and block the pathway more specifically than ACE inhibitors. The AT1<unk>  mediates Ang II to cause increased cardiac contractility, sodium reabsorption and vasoconstriction which all lead to increased blood pressure. By blocking AT1<unk> s, ARBs lead to lower blood pressure. An insurmountable inhibition of the AT1<unk>  is achieved when the maximum response of Ang II cannot be restored in the presence of the ARB, no matter how high the concentration of Ang II is. The<unk><unk><unk>  can inhibit the<unk>  in a competitive surmountable, competitive insurmountable or noncompetitive fashion, depending upon the rate at which they dissociate from the<unk> .
Discovery and development of angiotensin receptor blockers
Discovery and development of antiandrogens
Comparison of international blood pressure guidelines
Instruments used in cardiology
Thrombosis prevention
Experimental cancer treatment
Instruments used in gastroenterology
Targeted therapy of lung cancer