<unk>  in adults is rare. Under the five year DISCOVERY programme in the UK, annual incidence of<unk>  was 0.74 per 1000 individuals over age 45, although this rate may be slightly inflated due to the main goal of the programme collecting and analyzing cancer data in the population.<unk>  is commonly associated with severity of disease with an incidence of up to 40% of patients requiring intensive care in ICU experiencing<unk> . The causes of<unk>  in the intensive care setting is both due to<unk>  as the primary reason for ICU stay or as a morbidity to an underlying disease (i.e. sepsis). In the developed world, the most common causes of<unk>  are blockage of the bile duct or medication-induced. In the developing world, the most common cause of<unk>  is infectious such as viral hepatitis, leptospirosis, schistosomiasis, or malaria. Risk factors Risk factors associated with high serum bilirubin levels include male gender, white ethnicities, and active smoking. Mean serum total bilirubin levels in adults were found to be higher in men (0.72 ± 0.004 mg/dl) than women (0.52 ± 0.003 mg/dl). Higher bilirubin levels in adults are found also in non-Hispanic white population (0.63 ± 0.004 mg/dl) and Mexican American population (0.61 ± 0.005 mg/dl) while lower in non-Hispanic black population (0.55 ± 0.005 mg/dl). Bilirubin levels are higher in active smokers.
symptom of Neonatal jaundice
medical cause of Neonatal jaundice
symptom of Necrotizing enterocolitis
symptom of Stillbirth
symptom of Babesiosis
symptom of Rubella
symptom of Birth defect
symptom of Intussusception 