The most common adverse reactions (≥30% occurrence, leading to a 5% treatment discontinuation rate) observed with<unk>  in clinical studies of organ rejection prophylaxis in individuals with kidney transplants include: peripheral edema, hypercholesterolemia, abdominal pain, headache, nausea, diarrhea, pain, constipation, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, increased creatinine, fever, urinary tract infection, anemia, arthralgia, and thrombocytopenia. The most common adverse reactions (≥20% occurrence, leading to an 11% treatment discontinuation rate) observed with<unk>  in clinical studies for the treatment of lymphangioleiomyomatosis are: peripheral edema, hypercholesterolemia, abdominal pain, headache, nausea, diarrhea, chest pain, stomatitis, nasopharyngitis, acne, upper respiratory tract infection, dizziness, and myalgia. The following adverse effects occurred in 3–20% of individuals taking<unk>  for organ rejection prophylaxis following a kidney transplant: System Adverse effects Body as a Whole Sepsis, lymphocele, herpes zoster infection, herpes simplex infection Cardiovascular Venous thromboembolism (pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis), rapid heart rate Digestive Stomatitis Hematologic/Lymphatic Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP/HUS), leukopenia Metabolic Abnormal healing, increased lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), hypokalemia, diabetes Musculoskeletal Bone necrosis Respiratory Pneumonia, epistaxis Skin Melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma Urogenital Pyelonephritis, ovarian cysts, menstrual disorders (amenorrhea and menorrhagia) Diabetes-like symptoms While<unk>  inhibition of mTORC1 appears to mediate the drug's benefits, it also inhibits mTORC2, which results in diabetes-like symptoms. This includes decreased glucose tolerance and insensitivity to insulin.<unk>  treatment may additionally increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. In mouse studies, these symptoms can be avoided through the use of alternate dosing regimens or analogs such as everolimus or temsirolimus. Lung toxicity Lung toxicity is a serious complication associated with<unk>  therapy, especially in the case of lung transplants. The mechanism of the interstitial pneumonitis caused by<unk>  and other macrolide MTOR inhibitors is unclear, and may have nothing to do with the mTOR pathway. The interstitial pneumonitis is not dose-dependent, but is more common in patients with underlying lung disease. Lowered effectiveness of immune system There have been warnings about the use of<unk>  in transplants, where it may increase mortality due to an increased risk of infections. Cancer risk<unk>  may increase an individual's risk for contracting skin cancers from exposure to sunlight or UV radiation, and risk of developing lymphoma. In studies, the skin cancer risk under<unk>  was lower than under other immunosuppressants such as azathioprine and calcineurin inhibitors, and lower than under placebo. Impaired wound healing Individuals taking<unk>  are at increased risk of experiencing impaired or delayed wound healing, particularly if they have a body mass index in excess of 30 kg/m2 (classified as obese).
Sirolimus
Tacrolimus
Temsirolimus
Pimecrolimus
Rituximab
Tofacitinib
Adalimumab
Lenalidomide