<unk>  develops in some individuals after long-standing rosacea that has progressed to acne rosacea. Rosacea usually commences in people between the age of 20-30 years. Rosacea begins with facial flushing (pre-rosacea). The nasal skin then thickens and hypervascularises, leading to persistent erythema (vascular rosacea). Papules and pustules then develop, marking the beginning of acne (inflammatory) rosacea. A subset of those affected by acne rosacea go on to develop<unk> . Chronic infection is common as the thickened sebaceous fluid traps bacteria.<unk>  is characterised by hypertrophy of nasal skin, with hyperplasia and fibrosis of the sebaceous glands and connective tissue. The nasal tip and alae are preferentially affected by the hypertrophy, and the lower portion of the nose is predominately affected. The underlying bony structure is not affected. The exact pathophysiological mechanism underlying the development of rosacea and<unk>  is unknown, but a combination of neurovascular and immune disturbance is thought to be involved, causing inflammation, fibrosis, and vascularisation. Male predisposition Even though females are more often affected by acne rosacea, they seldom go on to develop<unk> . It is thought that androgenic factors predispose men to develop<unk> .
Rhinophyma
Boswellia
Camptocormia
Gonyaulax
Mammomonogamus
Biomphalaria
Sequestrum
Hexamita