<unk>  (, ; "The Golden Treatise") is a medical dissertation on health and remedies attributed to<unk> i ibn Musa<unk> -Ridha (765–818), the eighth Imam of Shia. He wrote this dissertation in accordance with the demand of Ma'mun, the caliph of the time. It is revered as the most precious Islamic literature in the science of medicine, and was entitled "the golden treatise" as Ma'mun had ordered it written in gold ink. The chain of narrators is said to reach Muhammad ibn Jumhoor or<unk> -Hassan ibn Muhammad<unk> -Nawfali who is described as "highly esteemed and trustworthy" by<unk> -Najjashi. The treatise of<unk> i<unk> -Ridha includes scientific branches such as Anatomy, Physiology, Chemistry and Pathology when medical science was still primitive. According to the treatise, one's health is determined by four humors of blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm, the suitable proportion of which maintains the health. The liver plays an important role in producing and maintaining the required proportions in the body.<unk> i<unk> -Ridha describes the body as a kingdom whose king is the heart while the (blood) vessels, the limbs, and the brain are the laborers.
Al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah
Al-Kashkari
Fakhr al-Din ibn al-Sa'ati
Hidayat al-Mutaʽallemin fi al-Ṭibb
MD–PhD
Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
CHAOS: Charles Manson, the CIA, and the Secret History of the Sixties
Healing Words: Poetry and Medicine