<unk>  (SH), also referred to as<unk> -injury (SI),<unk> -inflicted violence (SIV), nonsuicidal<unk>  injury (NSSI) or<unk> -injurious behavior (SIB), are different terms to ascribe behaviors where demonstrable injury is<unk> -inflicted. The behavior involves deliberate tissue damage that is usually performed without suicidal intent. The most common form of<unk>  involves cutting of the skin using a sharp object, e. g. a knife or razor blade. The term<unk> -mutilation is also sometimes used, although this phrase evokes connotations that some find worrisome, inaccurate, or offensive.<unk> -inflicted wounds is a specific term associated with soldiers to describe non-lethal injuries inflicted in order to obtain early dismissal from combat. This differs from the common definition of<unk> , as damage is inflicted for a specific secondary purpose. A broader definition of<unk>  might also include those who inflict<unk>  on their bodies by means of disordered eating. The older literature has used several different terms. For this reason research in the past decades has inconsistently focused on<unk> ing behavior without and with suicidal intent (including suicide attempts) with varying definitions leading to inconsistent and unclear results. Nonsuicidal<unk> -injury (NSSI) has been listed as a proposed disorder in the DSM-5 under the category "Conditions for Further Study". It is noted that this proposal of diagnostic criteria for a future diagnosis is not an officially approved diagnosis and may not be used for clinical use but is meant for research purposes only. The disorder is defined as intentional<unk> -inflicted injury without the intent of dying by suicide. Criteria for NSSI include five or more days of<unk> -inflicted<unk>  over the course of one year without suicidal intent, and the individual must have been motivated by seeking relief from a negative state, resolving an interpersonal difficulty, or achieving a positive state. A common belief regarding<unk>  is that it is an attention-seeking behavior; however, in many cases, this is inaccurate. Many<unk> ers are very<unk> -conscious of their wounds and scars and feel guilty about their behavior, leading them to go to great lengths to conceal their behavior from others. They may offer alternative explanations for their injuries, or conceal their scars with clothing.<unk>  in such individuals may not be associated with suicidal or para-suicidal behavior. People who<unk>  are not usually seeking to end their own life; it has been suggested instead that they are using<unk>  as a coping mechanism to relieve emotional pain or discomfort or as an attempt to communicate distress. Alternatively, interpretations based on the supposed lethality of a<unk>  may not give clear indications as to its intent: seemingly superficial cuts may have been a suicide attempt, whereas life-threatening damage may have been done without the intent to die. Studies of individuals with developmental disabilities (such as intellectual disability) have shown<unk>  being dependent on environmental factors such as obtaining attention or escape from demands. Some individuals may have dissociation harboring a desire to feel real or to fit into society's rules.
Self-harm
Physical abuse
Bullying in medicine
Bullying and suicide
Copycat suicide
Bullying
Night terror
Assisted suicide