Physical activity (avoiding sitting down for long periods) Sitting down can cause your abdomen to compress, which slows down digestion. This can lead to issues such as bloating, heartburn and constipation. It could thus increase or cause<unk> . A study show that physical activity between long periods of sitting is not enough: "focusing on acquiring the recommended dose of exercise is not a strong enough of a stimulant to completely protect the body from physical inactivity the other 23+ h/day". "Reducing prolonged overall sitting time may reduce metabolic disturbances" Dietary supplements Xylose isomerase acts to convert<unk>  sugars into glucose. Dietary supplements of xylose isomerase may improve some symptoms of<unk> , although there is currently only a single scientific study available. Diet There is no known cure, but an appropriate diet and the enzyme xylose isomerase can help. The ingestion of glucose simultaneously with<unk>  improves<unk>  absorption and may prevent the development of symptoms. For example, people may tolerate fruits such as grapefruits or bananas, which contain similar amounts of<unk>  and glucose, but apples are not tolerated because they contain high levels of<unk>  and lower levels of glucose. But a randomised controlled trials in patients with<unk>  (made by the Cochrane institute) found that "Adding glucose to food and solutions to enhance<unk>  absorption is not effective in preventing<unk> -induced functional gastrointestinal symptoms". Foods that should be avoided by people with<unk>  include: * Foods and beverages containing greater than 0.5 g<unk>  in excess of glucose per 100 g and greater than 0.2 g of fructans per serving should be avoided. Foods with >3 g of<unk>  per serving are termed a 'high<unk>  load' and possibly present a risk of inducing symptoms. However, the concept of a 'high<unk>  load' has not been evaluated in terms of its importance in the success of the diet. * Foods with high<unk> -to-glucose ratio. Glucose enhances absorption of<unk> , so<unk>  from foods with<unk> -to-glucose ratio 1, like apples and pears, are often problematic regardless of the total amount of<unk>  in the food. * Foods rich in fructans and other fermentable oligo-, di- and mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs), including artichokes, asparagus, leeks, onions, and wheat-containing products, including breads, cakes, biscuits, breakfast cereals, pies, pastas, pizzas, and wheat noodles. :The role that fructans play in<unk>  is still under investigation. However, it is recommended that fructan intake for<unk>  malabsorbers should be kept to less than 0.5 grams/serving, and supplements with inulin and fructooligosaccharide (FOS), both fructans, should be avoided. * Foods containing artificial sweeteners like sorbitol (present in some diet drinks and foods and occurring naturally in some stone fruits), xylitol (present in some berries) and other polyols (sugar alcohols, such as erythritol, mannitol and other ingredients that end with -tol, commonly added as in commercial foods). * Foods containing high<unk>  corn syrup. Foods with a high glucose content ingested with foods containing excess<unk>  may help sufferers absorb the excess<unk> . Foods with high<unk>  content According to the USDA database, foods with more<unk>  than glucose include: Food<unk>  (grams / 100 grams) Glucose (grams / 100 grams) Sucrose(for reference) 50 50 Apples 5.9 2.4 Pears 6.2 2.8 Fruit juice e.g. Apples, Pears 5–7 2–3 Watermelon 3.4 1.6 Raisins 29.8 27.8 Honey 40.9 35.7 High<unk>  corn syrup 42–55 42–53 Mango 4.68 2.01 Agave nectar 55.6 12.43 Ginger 1.78 1.22 The USDA food database reveals that many common fruits contain nearly equal amounts of the<unk>  and glucose, and they do not present problems for those individuals with<unk> . Some fruits with a greater ratio of<unk>  than glucose are apples, pears and watermelon, which contain more than twice as much<unk>  as glucose.<unk>  levels in grapes varies depending on ripeness and variety, where unripe grapes contain more glucose. Dietary guidelines for management Researchers at Monash University in Australia developed dietary guidelines for managing<unk> , particularly for individuals with IBS. Unfavorable foods (i.e. more<unk>  than glucose) * Fruit – apple, pear, honeydew melon, nashi pear, pawpaw, papaya, quince, star fruit, watermelon; * Dried fruit – apple, currant, date, fig, pear, raisin, sultana; * Fortified wines * Foods containing added sugars, such as agave nectar, some corn syrups, and fruit juice concentrates. Favorable foods (i.e.<unk>  equal to or less than glucose) The following list of favorable foods was cited in the paper:<unk>  and symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Guidelines for effective dietary management". The<unk>  and glucose contents of foods listed on the Australian food standards would appear to indicate that most of the listed foods have higher<unk>  levels. * Stone fruit: apricot, nectarine, peach, plum (caution – these fruits contain sorbitol); * Berry fruit: blackberry, boysenberry, cranberry, raspberry, strawberry, loganberry; * Citrus fruit: kumquat, grapefruit, lemon, lime, mandarin, orange, tangelo; * Other fruits: ripe banana, jackfruit, passion fruit, pineapple, rhubarb, tamarillo.
Fructose malabsorption
Glucose-galactose malabsorption
Sucrose intolerance
Lactose intolerance
Bile acid malabsorption
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Lysinuric protein intolerance
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth