<unk>  is not a mental disorder, but rather a normal stress response by a healthy individual to an extreme situation that overwhelms the normal psychological mechanisms for coping. By definition, this syndrome cannot be diagnosed if another mental disorder is present. There is currently no DSM-5 criteria for this syndrome. Although often falsely recognized as acute stress disorder, depression, adjustment disorder, or other mental disorders,<unk>  differs from these pathologies in important ways: * Acute stress disorder:<unk>  is brought about by chronic exposure to toxic stress, whereas the symptoms of acute stress disorder by definition are limited to one month. * Depression: Although depressed mood is common,<unk>  does not include many other cardinal symptoms of depression such as apathy or thoughts of death. Immigrants, unlike people suffering from depression, have the motivation to go forward and struggle in order to reunite with their families and have a better life, despite their current difficulties, and do not lose their interests. Rather, they try to maintain their social and professional activities. * Adjustment disorder: One of the central diagnostic criteria for adjustment disorder is distress that is out of proportion to the severity or intensity of the stressor or stressors. On the other hand,<unk>  is an appropriate response that manifests as anxiety, insomnia, sadness, etc., precisely due to the extreme nature of the stressors. Moreover, deterioration of social and occupational functioning, which is often present in adjustment disorder, does not occur in<unk> . * Post-traumatic stress disorder: Both PTSD and<unk>  stem from a response to fear. However, disturbing thoughts or feelings about traumatic events as well as distress and avoidance of trauma-related cues do not occur in<unk> , but does in PTSD, whereas stressors such as social isolation, lack of opportunities, discrimination, and prejudice are common for<unk>  and not for PTSD. Although clinically distinct from mental health disorders,<unk>  exists on a spectrum between normal and disease. It can be understood as the extreme limit of normal mental functioning that can still be considered non-pathological. However, an individual with<unk>  is at greater risk of disease and indeed, at a certain point the stressors may become too intense such that a true clinical mental disorder such as depression or PTSD can develop.
Ulysses syndrome
Bowen–Conradi syndrome
Geschwind syndrome
Reynolds syndrome
Burnside–Butler syndrome
FACES syndrome
Saal Bulas syndrome
Tonic tensor tympani syndrome