Prevention includes stopping smoking or chewing tobacco. Overcoming addiction to areca chewing in Asia is another promising strategy for the prevention of<unk>  squamous-cell carcinoma. The risk can also be reduced by maintaining a normal body weight. According to the National Cancer Institute, "diets high in cruciferous (cabbage, broccoli/broccolini, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts) and green and yellow vegetables and fruits are associated with a decreased risk of<unk> ." Dietary fiber is thought to be protective, especially against<unk>  adenocarcinoma. There is no evidence that vitamin supplements change the risk. Screening People with Barrett's esophagus (a change in the cells lining the lower esophagus) are at much higher risk, and may receive regular endoscopic screening for the early signs of cancer. Because the benefit of screening for adenocarcinoma in people without symptoms is unclear, it is not recommended in the United States. Some areas of the world with high rates of squamous-carcinoma have screening programs.
Esophageal cancer
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Hypopharyngeal cancer
Esophageal spasm
Laryngeal cancer
Oropharyngeal cancer
Esophageal disease
Esophageal candidiasis