<unk>  <unk> , or Van der Knaap disease) is a form of hereditary CNS demyelinating disease. It belongs to a group of disorders called leukodystrophies. It is characterized by early-onset enlargement of the head (macrocephaly) as well as delayed-onset neurological deterioration to include spasticity, epilepsy, and lack of muscular coordination.<unk>  does not appear to be a disease that is fatal at birth or early in life despite its symptoms, although the number of patients throughout history known to have the disease is fairly limited. It belongs to a group of disorders called leukodystrophies. A series of cases with<unk>  leukodystrophy were described by the Indian neurologist Bhim Sen Singhal (1933-) in 1991. However, it is sometimes referred to as Van der Knaap disease after the Dutch neurologist Marjo van der Knaap who described another series of cases with clinical and radiological features in 1995. There are three types of<unk>  leukoencephalopathy distinguished by the affected gene: Type 1 caused by autosomal recessive mutations on the<unk> 1 gene, Type 2A an autosomal recessive mutation on the HEPACAM gene, and Type 2B an autosomal dominant mutation on the HEPACAM gene.
Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts
Leukoencephalopathy with neuroaxonal spheroids
Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter
Camel spongiform encephalopathy
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
Powassan encephalitis
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation
Wernicke encephalopathy