# Local<unk>  hormonal milieu # Venous outflow obstruction, such as May-Thurner<unk> , Nutcracker<unk> , Budd-Chiari<unk> , or left renal vein thrombosis # External compression due to tumor (including fibroids, endometriosis), or scarring
Pelvic congestion syndrome
Urethral syndrome
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Pelvic organ prolapse
PELVIS syndrome
Prostatitis
Hydrocele
Ovarian vein syndrome