<unk><unk>  of drug<unk>  seek to explain<unk>  drug usage from the perspective of<unk>  fitness. Plants for instance, may provide fitness benefits by relieving pain. Proponents of this<unk> of drug<unk>  suggest that the consumption of pharmacological substances for medicinal purposes evolved in the backdrop of<unk> -plant coevolution as a means of self-medication.<unk> s thus learned to ignore the cues of plant toxicity (e.g. bitter taste) because ingesting the bioactive compounds of plants in small amounts was therapeutic. The hijack<unk> of substance addiction suggests that Psychoactive drugs act on ancient and<unk> ly conserved neural mechanisms associated with positive emotions that evolved to mediate incentive behavior. They induce emotions that in<unk> <unk>  history signaled a benefit for the group. Modern drugs tap into these emotions without passing on any<unk>  advantage. This may explain the modern problems of overuse and addiction.
Evolutionary models of human drug use
Emerging Drugs Network of Australia
Alternatives to animal testing
Disease model of addiction
Clinical trials on Ayurveda
Retracted article on dopaminergic neurotoxicity of MDMA
Heroic measure
Designer drug