Treatment greatly varies depending on the type of spinal cord<unk> s, goals of care, and prognosis. The primary forms of treatment include surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Steroids (e.g. corticosteroids) may be administered if there is evidence of spinal cord compression. These do not affect the<unk>  mass itself, but tend to reduce the inflammatory reaction around it and decrease the overall volume of the mass impinging on the spinal cord. Surgery Surgery has several indications depending on the type of<unk> , which includes complete resection, decompression of the nerves, and stabilization. An attempt at total gross resection for a possible cure is an option for patients with primary spinal cord<unk> s. Extramedullary<unk> rs are more amenable to resection than intramedullary<unk> rs, and even possible to be operated through microendoscopic or pure endoscopic approaches. In patients with metastatic<unk> s, treatment is palliative with the goal of improving the patient's quality of life. In these cases, indications for surgery include pain, stabilization, and spinal cord decompression. Non-Surgical Treatment Observation, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are possible options as an adjunct to surgery or for<unk> s not amenable to surgery. Intradural-extramedullary<unk> s are often benign, so observation with follow-up imaging is an option in cases where the lesions are small and the patient is asymptomatic. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be administered alone or in conjunction with surgery. The choice of chemotherapy or radiotherapy is a multidisciplinary process and depends on the histological grade, type of<unk> , and amount of surgical resection achieved. In cases where radiotherapy is chosen, radiation is usually delivered to the involved segment in the spinal cord and the uninvolved segment above and below the involved segment. The combination of minimally invasive surgery and radiation or chemotherapy is a new technique for treating<unk> s. This treatment can be tailored to the particular<unk>  of the spine, either metastatic or primary. Some suggest that direct decompressive surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy, provide better outcomes than treatment with radiotherapy alone for patients with spinal cord compression due to metastatic cancer.
Spinal tumor
Spinal disease
Spinal stenosis
Spinal disc herniation
Spinal fracture
Spinal epidural hematoma
Cervical spinal stenosis
Lumbar spinal stenosis