The cause of<unk> M is variable. Many people are asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic, and many of those carrying disease genes for<unk> M do not have clinically detectable disease. The symptoms of<unk> M include shortness of breath due to stiffening and decreased blood filling of the ventricles, exertional chest pain (sometimes known as angina) due to reduced blood flow to the coronary arteries, uncomfortable awareness of the heart beat (palpitations), as well as disruption of the electrical system running through the abnormal heart muscle, lightheadedness, weakness, fainting and sudden cardiac death. Shortness of breath is largely due to increased stiffness of the left ventricle (LV), which impairs filling of the ventricles, but also leads to elevated pressure in the left ventricle and left atrium, causing back pressure and interstitial congestion in the lungs. Symptoms are not closely related to the presence or severity of an outflow tract gradient. Often, symptoms mimic those of congestive heart failure (esp. activity intolerance and dyspnea), but treatment of each is different. Beta blockers are used in both cases, but treatment with diuretics, a mainstay of CHF treatment, will exacerbate symptoms in<unk>  obstructive cardiomyopathy by decreasing ventricular preload volume and thereby increasing outflow resistance (less blood to push aside the thickened obstructing tissue). Major risk factors for sudden death in individuals with<unk> M include prior history of cardiac arrest or ventricular fibrillation, spontaneous sustained ventricular tachycardia, abnormal exercise blood pressure and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, unexplained syncope, family history of premature sudden death, and LVW thickness greater than 15 mm to 30 mm, on echocardiogram. "Spike and dome" pulse and "triple ripple apical impulse" are two other signs that can be discovered in physical examination.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Aortic stenosis
Noncompaction cardiomyopathy
Hypertensive heart disease
Amyloid cardiomyopathy
Athletic heart syndrome
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Fabry disease