<unk>  is a short-acting benzodiazepine in adults with an elimination half-life of 1.5–2.5 hours. In the elderly, as well as young children and adolescents, the elimination half-life is longer.<unk>  is metabolised into an active metabolite alpha1-hydroxymidazolam. Age-related deficits, renal and liver status affect the pharmacokinetic factors of<unk>  as well as its active metabolite. However, the active metabolite of<unk>  is minor and contributes to only 10 percent of biological activity of<unk> .<unk>  is poorly absorbed orally, with only 50 percent of the drug reaching the bloodstream.<unk>  is metabolised by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and by glucuronide conjugation. The therapeutic as well as adverse effects of<unk>  are due to its effects on the GABA receptors;<unk>  does not activate GABA receptors directly but, as with other benzodiazepines, it enhances the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA on the GABA receptors (↑ frequency of Cl channel opening) resulting in neural inhibition. Almost all of the properties can be explained by the actions of benzodiazepines on GABA receptors. This results in the following pharmacological properties being produced: sedation, induction of sleep, reduction in anxiety, anterograde amnesia, muscle relaxation and anticonvulsant effects.
Midazolam
Ketazolam
Mexazolam
Remimazolam
Haloxazolam
Adinazolam
Triazolam
Estazolam