<unk>  (IP, also called interventional pulmonary medicine) is a maturing medical sub-specialty from its parent specialty of pulmonary medicine. It deals specifically with minimally invasive endoscopic and percutaneous procedures for diagnosis and treatment of neoplastic as well as non-neoplastic diseases of the airways, lungs, and pleura. Many IP procedures constitute efficacious yet less invasive alternatives to thoracic surgery.
Interventional pulmonology
Interventional radiology
Cardiothoracic surgery
Interventional oncology
Interventional Neuroradiology
Interventional cardiology
Interventional neuroradiology
Cardiothoracic anesthesiology