Primary/idiopathic 85% of MGN<unk>  are classified as primary membranous glomerulonephritis—that is to say, the<unk> of the disease is idiopathic (of unknown origin or<unk> . This can also be referred to as idiopathic membranous nephropathy. One study has identified antibodies to an M-type phospholipase A2 receptor in 70% (26 of 37)<unk>  evaluated. Testing for these anti-PLA2R has revolutionised diagnosis and treatment of this disease in antibody positive patients, and tracking titre level over time allows you to predict risk of disease progression and chance of spontaneous remission In 2014, a second autoantigen was discovered, the thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) system that might account for an additional 5-10% of membranous nephropathy<unk> , and appears to be associated with malignancies. New studies are identifying novel auto-antigens responsible for causing a membranous nephropathy pattern of injury continue to be published, with antibodies against NELL-1 and EXT1/EXT2 in 2019, Semaphorin3B and Protocadherin 7 (PCDH7) in 2020, and serine protease HTRA1 in 2021. Secondary The remainder is secondary due to: * autoimmune conditions (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus). * infections (e.g., syphilis, malaria, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV). * drugs (e.g., captopril, NSAIDs, penicillamine, probenecid, Bucillamine, Anti-TNF therapy, Tiopronin). * inorganic salts (e.g. gold, mercury). * tumors, frequently solid tumors of the lung and colon; hematological malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia are less common.
causes of Nephrotic syndrome
causes of Chronic kidney disease
causes of Pyelonephritis
causes of Hyperphosphatemia
causes of Hemolytic anemia
causes of Hypercalcaemia
medical cause of Chronic kidney disease
causes of Hematuria