The<unk>  attempts to explain why individuals engage in<unk> l behavior and to identify individuals who are at risk. It was developed by Thomas Joiner and is outlined in Why People Die By<unk> . The<unk>  consists of three components that together lead to<unk>  attempts. According to the<unk> , the simultaneous presence of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness produce the desire for<unk> . While the desire for<unk>  is necessary, it alone will not result in death by<unk> . Rather, Joiner asserts that one must also have acquired capability (that is, the acquired ability) to overcome one's natural fear of death. A number of risk factors have been linked to<unk> l behavior, and there are many<unk> es of<unk>  that integrate these established risk factors, but few are capable of explaining all of the phenomena associated with<unk> l behavior as the<unk>  does. Another strength of this<unk>  lies in its ability to be tested empirically. It is constructed in a way that allows for falsifiability. A number of studies have found at least partial support for the<unk> . Specifically, a systematic review of 66 studies using the<unk>  found that the effect of perceived burdensomeness on<unk>  ideation was the most tested and supported relationship. The<unk> ’s other predictions, particularly in terms of critical interaction effects, are less strongly supported.
Interpersonal theory of suicide
Life-process model of addiction
Evolutionary approaches to depression
Trauma model of mental disorders
Cognitive neuroscience of dreams
Self-help groups for mental health
Current Approaches in Psychiatry
Suicide awareness