Along with HCoV-229E, a species in the genus Alphacoronavirus, HCoV-OC43 is among the viruses that cause the common cold. Both viruses can cause severe lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals such as those undergoing chemotherapy and those with HIV/AIDS. If HCoV-OC43 was indeed the pathogen responsible for the 1889–1890 pandemic, which resembled the COVID-19 pandemic, severe disease was much more common and mortality much higher in populations that had not previously been exposed.
Human coronavirus OC43
Human coronavirus HKU1
Human coronavirus NL63
Influenza D virus
Human coronavirus 229E
Chinese coronavirus
ZyCoV-D
SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant