Management approaches include reassuring families that the child is not wetting their pants on purpose and treatment should include positive reinforcement (not punishment). Non-invasive treatments include keeping a diary to track when the child does not make it to the bathroom on time, ruling out and treating urinary tract infections, ensuring the child is not constipated, hydration, timed voiding, correction of constipation, and in some cases, computer assisted pelvic floor retraining. The effectiveness of non-surgical and non-pharmaceutical interventions for treating children with daytime urinary incontinence is not clear. Bladder stretching exercises (where the person tries to hold their urine as long as possible) are no longer recommended. Bladder stretching exercises can be dangerous because the person could develop the long-term habit of tightening the urethral sphincter muscle, which can cause bladder or kidney problems. Urinating on a regular basis is suggested.
Diurnal enuresis
Nocturnal enuresis
Paruresis
Post-void dribbling
Orthostatic albuminuria
Kaliuresis
Central diabetes insipidus
Pseudohypertension