The<unk>  is the standard tool used in diagnosing otitis media. In addition to the<unk>  (diagnostic) head, a surgical head also is useful. The<unk>  head contains a lens, an enclosed light source, and a nipple for attachment of a rubber bulb and tubing. The head is designed so that when a speculum is attached and fitted snugly into the patient’s external auditory canal, an air-tight chamber is produced. In some cases, the addition of a small sleeve of rubber tubing at the end of the plastic speculum or use of a rubber-tipped speculum helps to avoid trauma and improve the air-tight seal. Gently squeezing and releasing the rubber bulb in rapid succession permits observation of the degree of eardrum mobility in response to both positive and negative pressure.
Pneumatic otoscopy
Vibroacoustic therapy
Tinnitus retraining therapy
Tympanometry
Photoacoustic imaging
Frontal sinus trephination
Pure-tone audiometry
Endoscopic ear surgery