* Minor fecal incontinence and difficulty controlling flatulence are common side effects following surgery. Persistent minor fecal incontinence has been reported in 1.2% to 3.5% of patients; however, this does not appear to be significantly different to the rate of minor fecal incontinence experienced by patients treated with topical GTN. * Hemorrhage can occur, more often with the open technique, and may require suture ligation. * Perianal abscess occurs in about 1% of closed<unk> es, generally in association with anal fistula caused by a breach of the anal mucosa by the scalpel. Incision and drainage of the abscess and fistulotomy are required.
Lateral internal sphincterotomy
Michelassi strictureplasty
Finney strictureplasty
Anal sphincterotomy
Heineke–Mikulicz strictureplasty
Rectal dilator
Fistulotomy
Transoral incisionless fundoplication