Most of the toxic effects of TCAs are caused by four major pharmacological effects. TCAs have anticholinergic effects, cause excessive blockade of norepinephrine reuptake at the preganglionic synapse, direct alpha adrenergic blockade, and importantly they block sodium membrane channels with slowing of membrane depolarization, thus having quinidine-like effects on the myocardium.
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose
Benzodiazepine overdose
Opioid overdose
Lithium toxicity
Nicotine withdrawal
Secondary poisoning
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome
Carbamate poisoning