The prevalence of<unk>  ranges from 1 in 8,333 to 1 in 15,000. The Netherlands reports a prevalence of 1 in 8,333, after accounting for the undiagnosed. The prevalence in the United States is commonly quoted as 1 in 15,000. After genetic testing became possible in 1992, average prevalence was found to be around 1 in 20,000, a large increase compared to before 1992. However, 1 in 20,000 is likely an underestimation, since many with<unk>  have mild symptoms and are never diagnosed, or they are siblings of affected individuals and never seek definitive diagnosis. Race and ethnicity have not been shown to affect<unk>  incidence or severity. Although the inheritance of<unk>  shows no predilection for biological sex, the disease manifests less often in women, and even when it manifests in women, they on average are less severely affected than affected males. Estrogen has been suspected to be a protective factor that accounts for this discrepancy. One study found that estrogen reduced DUX4 activity. However, another study found no association between disease severity and lifetime estrogen exposure in females. The same study found that disease progression was not different through periods of hormonal changes, such as menarche, pregnancy, and menopause.
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Limb–girdle muscular dystrophy
Becker muscular dystrophy
Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy
Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy
Spinal muscular atrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Jokela type spinal muscular atrophy