<unk>  is often a synonym for hemodialysis, but may also, refer to renal replacement therapies (with exclusion of kidney transplantation) that are in use and/or in development. This article deals with bioengineered kidneys/bioartificial kidneys that are grown from renal cell lines/renal tissue. The first successful<unk>  was developed by Willem Kolff in the Netherlands during the early 1940s. Kolff was the first to construct a working dialyzer in 1943.
Artificial kidney
Dialysis catheter
Kidney transplantation
Peritoneal dialysis
Intestine transplantation
Uterus transplantation
Distal splenorenal shunt procedure
Ureteric stent