The<unk>  (Latin for "fleeing from the amygdala" and commonly distinguished as the ventral<unk>  is one of the three major efferent pathways of the amygdala, meaning that it is one of the three principal pathways by which fibers leave the amygdala. It leads from the basolateral nucleus and central nucleus of the amygdala. The amygdala is a limbic structure in the medial temporal lobe of the brain. The other main efferent pathways from the amygdala are the stria terminalis and anterior commissure. While the stria terminalis carries information primarily from the corticomedian nuclei of the amygdala, the ventral<unk>  carries output from the central and basolateral nuclei and delivers it to a number of targets; namely, the medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus, the hypothalamus, the basal forebrain, the brainstem, septal nuclei and nucleus accumbens. Both the<unk>  and the stria terminalis project to the septal region, the hypothalamus, and the thalamus, but the stria terminalis reaches the septal region and the hypothalamus in a much longer and less direct path. While the stria terminalis follows a C-shaped pathway along the lateral ventricles, the ventral<unk>  is more direct and contains a higher proportion of myelinated axons, causing the pathway to appear darker upon observation in stained cross-section. The<unk>  and the stria terminalis together “ enable the corticomedial amygdala to directly control the medial hypothalamus and enable the basolateral amygdala to directly control the lateral hypothalamus and PAG,” or midbrain periaqueductal gray. Through the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the amygdala additionally modulates the hypothalamus and PAG indirectly. This pathway is particularly important for associative learning.
Amygdalofugal pathway
Tuberoinfundibular pathway
Mesocortical pathway
Mesolimbic pathway
Lateral vestibulospinal tract
Medial vestibulospinal tract
Hypothalamotegmental tract
Ciliospinal center