In most cases,<unk><unk>  can be prompted by or intensified by<unk> , but in some cases<unk><unk>  ends during<unk>  because the abuser makes a conscious effort to not harm the fetus. Decreased<unk> <unk><unk>  does not always increase during<unk>  and can even lead to a hiatus in<unk> . This phenomenon can provide protection for both the woman and child. Because this can lead to decreased<unk> , some women use<unk>  as a means of protection against<unk>  abuse. Since abuse generally restarts after the<unk>  ends, women may get pregnant intentionally to prevent<unk> . However, since women who have been abused before getting pregnant are more likely to experience<unk>  during<unk> , this is not a reliable means of protection. Increased<unk>  Although<unk>  can be a protective period for some women, either in terms of a hiatus of pre-existing<unk> , for others it is a risk period during which abuse may begin or escalate. Women with violent partners have a hard time protecting themselves from unintended<unk>  and sexual<unk>  can directly lead to<unk> . Studies consistently indicate that<unk><unk>  is more common in large families. However, international studies show that 25% of women are abused for the first time during<unk> . In one study conduct by Campbell et al., women were asked to speculate on why they thought they were abused during their<unk> es. The answers were categorized into four categories: *Jealousy towards the unborn child *Anger towards the unborn child<unk>  specific<unk>  not directed toward the child *“Business as usual."
Domestic violence and pregnancy
Miscarriage and mental illness
Smoking and pregnancy
Diabetes and pregnancy
Abortion in Europe
Alcohol and pregnancy
Obesity and the environment
Male lactation