Fluorescence and<unk> s operating principle<unk> , most frequently<unk>  laser scanning<unk>  (CLSM) or laser<unk>  scanning<unk>  (LCSM), is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of using a spatial pinhole to block out-of-focus light in image formation. Capturing multiple two-dimensional images at different depths in a sample enables the reconstruction of three-dimensional structures (a process known as optical sectioning) within an object. This technique is used extensively in the scientific and industrial communities and typical applications are in life sciences, semiconductor inspection and materials science. Light travels through the sample under a conventional<unk>  as far into the specimen as it can penetrate, while a<unk>  only focuses a smaller beam of light at one narrow depth level at a time. The CLSM achieves a controlled and highly limited depth of field.
Confocal microscopy
Latex fixation test
Gluten immunochemistry
Immunofluorescence
Immunostaining
Lamellar body count
Diffuse optical imaging
Sabin–Feldman dye test