Short-term effects === Even in small doses,<unk> s cause a decrease in appetite, an increase in physical activity and alertness, convulsions, an elevated body temperature, increased respiration, irregular heartbeat, and increased blood pressure; some of which can cause sudden death depending upon the medical history of the user, even among first-time users. Long-term effects === The long-term use of<unk> s can ultimately cause very serious medical issues, including addiction.<unk>  addiction, similar to other kinds of addiction, involves neurobiological changes that cause sensitization of the reward system to the stimulus in question<unk> s, in this case). People who use<unk> s for a prolonged period frequently experience physiological changes that can be detrimental to their quality of life and require long-term treatment. Symptoms of the disorder The symptoms of<unk>  include failure to control usage and frequency of use, an intense craving for the drug, increased use over time to obtain the same effects, known as a developed tolerance, and continued use despite negative repercussions and interference in one’s everyday life and functioning. Furthermore, a disorder is noted when withdrawal symptoms occur because of a decrease in the drug amount and frequency, as well as stopping the use of the drug entirely. These withdrawal symptoms can last for days, weeks, months, and on rare occasions, years, depending on the frequency and dosages used by the individual. These symptoms include, but are not limited to, increased appetite, decreased energy, depression, loss of motivation and interest in once pleasurable activities, anxiety, insomnia, agitation, and an intense craving for the drug. Unless intensive medical and psychological treatment is sought after, there is a very high likelihood of relapse among the user.
Stimulant use disorder
Amphetamine dependence
Benzodiazepine use disorder
Benzodiazepine dependence
Opioid use disorder
Opioid withdrawal
Cannabis use disorder
Cocaine dependence