The body responds to traumatic injury both systemically and at the injury site. This response attempts to protect vital organs such as the liver, to allow further cell duplication and to heal the damage. The healing time of an injury depends on various factors including sex, age, and the severity of injury. The symptoms of injury may manifest in many different ways, including: * Altered mental status * Fever * Increased heart rate * Generalized edema * Increased cardiac output * Increased rate of metabolism Various organ systems respond to injury to restore homeostasis by maintaining perfusion to the heart and brain. Inflammation after injury occurs to protect against further damage and starts the healing process. Prolonged inflammation may cause multiple organ dysfunction syndrome or systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Immediately after injury, the body increases production of glucose through gluconeogenesis and its consumption of fat via lipolysis. Next, the body tries to replenish its energy stores of glucose and protein via anabolism. In this state the body will temporarily increase its maximum expenditure for the purpose of healing injured cells.
Major trauma
Geriatric trauma
Secondary trauma
Barotrauma
Trauma
Head injury
Blunt trauma
Acoustic trauma