A<unk><unk>  surgical procedure in a narrow sense is defined as a procedure that combines a conventional, more invasive surgical part (including a skin incision) with an interventional part, using some sort of catheter-based procedure guided by fluoroscopy (or other, e.g., CT or MRI) imaging in a<unk>  operating room (OR) without interruption. The<unk>  technique has a reduced risk of surgical complications and has shown decreased recovery time. It can be used to treat numerous heart diseases and conditions and with the increasing complexity of each case, the<unk>  surgical technique is becoming more common. Interventional cardiology of the two stage approach A<unk>  can be either a one-stage or two-stage procedure. The difference between the two is the extent of time elapsed between the two components of a<unk>  surgery. A one-stage procedure is done in<unk>  suite and requires a specialized operating room. In the two-stage procedure, there is a time gap between the catheter intervention and the surgical operation. The time between can vary by minutes or hours, and although unlikely, up to days and weeks. The two-stage procedure is typically done in different locations, beginning in a catheterization laboratory followed by a surgical operating room.
Hybrid cardiac surgery
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery
Bypass surgery
Arterial switch operation
Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery
Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass surgery
Robot-assisted double heart valve replacement
Off-pump coronary artery bypass