The simple act of increasing the number of red<unk>  cells in<unk>  may be associated with hyperviscosity syndrome which is characterized by increased<unk>  viscosity and decreased cardiac output and<unk>  flow velocity which results in the reduction of peripheral oxygen delivery. For instance, an overdose of EPO can thicken<unk>  into a highly viscous and artery-clogging sludge. This increases the chances of heart attack, stroke, phlebitis, and pulmonary embolism, which has been seen in cases where there is too much<unk>  reintroduced into the<unk>  stream. Because<unk>  increases the volume of red<unk>  cells, it effectively introduces a condition called polycythemia, a<unk>  disorder that has known adverse outcomes such as heart attacks or strokes.<unk>  contamination during preparation or storage is another issue. Contamination was seen in 1 in every 500,000 transfusions of red<unk>  cells in 2002.<unk>  contamination can lead to sepsis or an infection that affects the whole body. Certain medications used to increase red<unk>  cells can reduce liver function and lead to liver failure, pituitary problems, and increases in cholesterol levels.
Blood doping
Work accident
Trauma
Sports injury
Incidental medical findings
Doping in sport
Patient abuse
Cigarette Burns