<unk><unk>  hypogonadism, caused by negative effect of<unk> s on hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis is most often ( 21-86% of<unk>  users). Hypogonadism is<unk>  through direct inhibitory action of<unk> s on receptors within the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axes as well as testosterone production within the testes.<unk><unk>  hypogonadism and direct negative effect of<unk> s to bone formatting leads to osteoporosis. The<unk>  effect on adrenal hormone production, somatostatin and thyreoid levels is less common, but should be considered as well due to the serious impact on the patients total health. Effect on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis is well described both after short acting and long acting treatment with<unk> s, resulting in cortisol deficit. It might lead to the problems in stress situations, immunodeficiency and Addison crisis.<unk><unk>  hyperprolactemia can lead to the painful growth of breast (gynecomastia), milk production (galactorhea) and hypogonadism.<unk><unk>  defect of hypothalamic–pituitary–somatotropic axis leads to growth hormone deficiency which in adults results in cognitive dysfunction, mainly affecting visuospatial memory and orientation.
Opioid-induced endocrinopathy
Lithium toxicity
Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome
Hyperprolactinemic SAHA syndrome
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome
Paraneoplastic syndrome
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose