<unk> , or renal disease, technically referred to as nephropathy, is damage to or disease of a kidney. Nephritis is an inflammatory<unk>  and has several types according to the location of the inflammation. Inflammation can be diagnosed by blood tests. Nephrosis is non-inflammatory<unk> . Nephritis and nephrosis can give rise to nephritic syndrome and nephrotic syndrome respectively.<unk>  usually causes a loss of kidney function to some degree and can result in kidney failure, the complete loss of kidney function. Kidney failure is known as the end-stage of<unk> , where dialysis or a kidney transplant is the only treatment option. Chronic<unk>  is defined as prolonged kidney abnormalities (functional and/or structural in nature) that last for more than three months. Acute<unk>  is now termed acute kidney injury and is marked by the sudden reduction in kidney function over seven days. About one in eight Americans (as of 2007) have chronic<unk> , a rate that is increasing over time.
Kidney disease
Liver disease
Urologic disease
Liver tumor
Chronic liver disease
Liver failure
Gastrointestinal disease
Kidney failure