In males, transdermal estradiol replacement enable epiphyseal plates closure, increases bone density, promote skeletal maturation, lower FSH and LH level to normal and decrease insulin blood concentration. In a young man with high stature due to unfused epiphysis, estrogen patch treatment daily possibly for life resolved the issue with further growth and osteoporosis. In females, hormonal replacement therapy such as cyclic oral therapy of conjugated estrogen leads to breast development, menses, pubertal growth spurt, resolution of ovarian cysts, suppression of elevated FSH and LH levels in the blood, and proper bone growth. Ambiguous genitalia, clitoromegaly, and ovarian cysts can be remove in surgery (forasmuch as not illegal).
Aromatase deficiency
Estrogen insensitivity syndrome
Isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency
5α-Reductase 2 deficiency
Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome
Androgen-induced hermaphroditism
Congenital estrogen deficiency
Aromatase excess syndrome