<unk><unk>  often indicates kidney pathology, but it may result from other medical problems.<unk><unk>  is often present in acute pyelonephritis.<unk><unk>  may be present in patients who have a kidney stone, a stone in the ureter, a ureteropelvic junction obstruction, a kidney abscess, a urinary tract infection, and vesicoureteral reflux.<unk><unk>  is also present in patients who have retrocecal appendicitis and retroperitoneal abscesses. In patients with sickle cell disease, blockage of blood flow to the kidney may cause<unk><unk> . A lack of<unk><unk>  in patients with low back pain supports a diagnosis other than kidney pathology.
Costovertebral angle tenderness
Precordial thump
Cervical motion tenderness
Juxtaphrenic peak sign
Abdominal guarding
Mediastinal shift
Xiphodynia
Lumbar enlargement