Gram-positive stain, possibly showing staphylococcus aureus, which is one of the primary causes of<unk> .<unk>  occurs commonly from bacterial infection spread via the paranasal sinuses, usually from a previous sinus infection. Other ways in which<unk>  may occur are from blood stream infections or from eyelid skin infections. Upper respiratory infection, sinus infection, trauma to the eye, ocular or periocular infection, and systemic infection all increase one's risk of<unk> . Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae B, Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and beta-hemolytic streptococci are bacteria that can be responsible for<unk> . * Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium, which is the most common cause of staphylococcal infections. Staphylococcus aureus infection can spread from the skin to the orbit. This organism is able to produce toxins which promotes its virulence, leading to the inflammatory response seen in<unk> . Staphylococcus infections are identified by a cluster arrangement on gram stain. Staphylococcus aureus forms large yellow colonies when cultured (which is distinct from other Staph infections such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, which forms white colonies). * Streptococcus pneumoniae is also a gram-positive bacterium responsible for<unk>  due to its ability to infect the sinuses. Streptococcal bacteria can invade surrounding tissues, causing the inflammatory response seen in<unk>  (similar to Staphyloccoccus aureus). Streptococcal infections are identified on culture by their formation of pairs or chains. Streptococcus pneumoniae produce green (alpha) hemolysis, or partial reduction of red blood cell hemoglobin.
Orbital cellulitis
Mucormycosis
Periorbital cellulitis
Orbital lymphoma
Corneal ulcer
Blepharitis
Labyrinthitis
Orbital emphysema