One of the primary uses of<unk>  is for treating edema (fluid retention) associated with congestive heart failure (CHF). In mild heart failure,<unk>  or another diuretic may be used alone, or combined with other diuretics for moderate or severe heart failure. In addition to preventing fluid buildup, the use of<unk>  may allow the patient to relax the amount of sodium restriction that is required. Although most thiazide diuretics lose their effectiveness in kidney failure,<unk>  remains active even when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is below 30–40 mL/min (moderate chronic kidney disease). This gives it a considerable advantage over other thiazide diuretics, since renal and heart failure often coexist and contribute to fluid retention.<unk>  may also be used in kidney disease, such as chronic kidney disease or the nephrotic syndrome. Chronic kidney disease causes excess fluid retention that is often treated with diet adjustments and diuretics.<unk>  may be combined with other diuretics (typically loop diuretics) to treat diuretic resistance in congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and nephrotic syndrome.<unk>  and a loop diuretic will synergistically enhance diuresis over the use of either agent alone. Using this combination, diuretic effects will occur at two different segments of the nephron; namely, the loop diuretic will act at the loop of Henle, and<unk>  will act at the distal convoluted tubule.<unk>  is frequently prescribed in addition to the loop diuretic.<unk>  may be used for edema caused by liver cirrhosis as well. The other major use of<unk>  is in treating hypertension (high blood pressure). Thiazide diuretics, though usually not<unk> , are very often used alone as first-line treatment for mild hypertension. They are also used in combination with other drugs for difficult-to-treat or more severe hypertension. "The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure" (JNC 7) recommends thiazide diuretics as the initial medication for treatment of hypertension. Hydrochlorothiazide is by far the most commonly used, as it is both better-studied and cheaper (about four times) than<unk> , although as mentioned above<unk>  is used in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease.
Metolazone
Furosemide
Spironolactone
Paricalcitol
Geritol
Chlorzoxazone
Chlorothiazide
Canrenone