Deaths from<unk> es per million persons in 2012 Deaths from intentional<unk> es per million persons in 2012 The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the International Classification of External Causes of<unk>  (ICECI). Under this system,<unk> es are classified by mechanism of<unk> , objects/substances producing<unk> , place of occurrence, activity when<unk> d, the role of human intent, and additional modules. These codes allow the identification of<unk> stributions of<unk> es in specific populations and case identification for more detailed research on causes and preventive efforts. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics developed the Occupational<unk>  and Illness Classification System (OIICS). Under this system<unk> es are classified by nature, part of body affected, source and secondary source, and event or exposure. The OIICS was first published in 1992 and has been updated several times<unk> nce. The Orchard Sports<unk>  and Illness Classification System (OSIICS), previously OSICS, is used to classify<unk> es to enable research into specific sports<unk> es. By cause Causes for<unk> es fall under two categories: intentional and accidental. Intentional<unk> es include acts of violence and war, or be can self-imposed like suicide or self-harm. Accidental<unk> es can come from falling or motor vehicle accidents. Some cases of accidental<unk> es are<unk>  by stingray or lightning<unk> es. By modality * Trauma * Traumatic<unk> es are a body wound or shock produced by sudden physical collision or movement.<unk> es associated with trauma are avulsion, bone fracture,<unk>  by blast, internal bleeding and catastrophic<unk> es. * Strain, repetitive strain, or sprain * Strain and repetitive strain are<unk> es to muscles or tendons. Sprain is an<unk>  to a ligament or ligaments. * Toxins *<unk>  from toxin or as adverse effect of a pharmaceutical drug. * Other external or internal<unk> es * Other<unk> es can be from external causes, such as radiation, burn or frostbite. These<unk> es can include radiation-induced lung<unk>  and microwave burn.<unk> es from internal causes include reperfusion<unk> . By location Skin: * Wound, an<unk>  in which skin is torn, cut or punctured (an open wound), or where blunt force trauma causes a contusion (a closed wound). In pathology, it specifically refers to a sharp<unk>  which damages the dermis of the skin. Head: * Head<unk>  * Penetrating head<unk>  * Closed head<unk>  Eyes: * Eye<unk>  * Chemical eye<unk>  * Eye<unk> es during general anaesthesia Brain: * Brain<unk>  * Acquired brain<unk>  * Coup contrecoup<unk>  *<unk> ffuse axonal<unk>  * Frontal lobe<unk>  Nerves: * Nerve<unk>  * Spinal cord<unk>  * Brachial plexus<unk>  * Sciatic nerve<unk>  *<unk>  of axillary nerve Soft tissue, musculoskeletal and organs: * Soft tissue<unk>  * Tracheobronchial<unk>  * Acute kidney<unk>  * Anterior cruciate ligament<unk>  * Musculoskeletal<unk>  * Articular cartilage<unk> es * Acute lung<unk>  * Pancreatic<unk>  * Thoracic aorta<unk>  * Biliary<unk>  Body: * Lisfranc<unk>  * Knee<unk>  * Medial knee<unk> es * Back<unk>  * Hand<unk>  * Chest<unk>  By activity * sports * concussion * strain * shoulder<unk>  * pulled muscle * rock climbing * finger<unk>  * knuckle<unk>  * Lead climbing<unk> es * Reverse bite<unk>  * Occupational<unk>  * Ventilator-associated lung<unk>  * Sea urchin<unk>  * Illness and<unk> es during spaceflight<unk>  severity score The<unk>  severity score (ISS) is a medical score to assess trauma severity. It correlates with mortality, morbidity, and hospitalization time after trauma. It is used to define the term major trauma (polytrauma), recognized when the ISS is greater than 15. The AIS Committee of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine designed and updates the scale.
Injury
Poison
Heal 
Drug injection
Bodywork 
Intoxication
Bioprocess
Envenomation