Although ADHD has most often been treated with medication, medications do not cure ADHD. They are used solely to treat the symptoms associated with this<unk>  and the symptoms will come back once the medication stops. Medication Stimulants are typically formulated in fast and slow-acting as well as short and long-acting formulations. The fast-acting amphetamine mixed salts (Adderall) and its derivatives, with short and long-acting formulations bind to the trace amine associated receptor and triggers the release of dopamine into the synaptic cleft. They may have a better cardiovascular disease profile than methylphenidate and potentially better tolerated. The fast-acting methylphenidate (well known under the trade name Ritalin) is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. In the short term, methylphenidate is well tolerated. However, long-term studies have not been conducted in adults, and concerns about long-term effects like increases in blood pressure have not been established. The slow and long-acting nonstimulant atomoxetine (Strattera), is primarily a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and, to a lesser extent, a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. It may be more effective for those with<unk><unk>  concentration. It is sometimes prescribed in adults who do not get enough vigilant concentration response from mixed amphetamine salts (Adderall) or get too many side effects. It is also approved for ADHD by the US Food and Drug Administration. The use of cholinergic adjunctive medications is uncommon and their clinical effects are poorly researched; consequently, cholinergics such as galantamine or varenicline would be off label use for ADHD. New nicotinic cholinergic medications in development for ADHD are pozanicline, ABT-418, and ABT-894.
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Recurrent brief depression
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder controversies
Societal and cultural aspects of Tourette syndrome
Autism – Tics, AD/HD, and other Comorbidities
Depression in childhood and adolescence
ADHD Grown Up
Conditions comorbid to autism spectrum disorders