<unk>  is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Mental disorders (including depression, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, personality disorders, anxiety disorders), nihilistic beliefs, physical disorders (such as chronic fatigue syndrome) and substance use disorders (including alcohol use disorder and the use of and withdrawal from benzodiazepines) are risk factors. Some<unk> s are impulsive acts due to stress (such as from financial or academic difficulties), relationship problems (such as breakups/divorces), or harassment/bullying. Those who have previously attempted<unk>  are at a higher risk for future attempts. Effective<unk>  prevention efforts include limiting access to methods of<unk> —such as firearms, drugs, and poisons; treating mental disorders and substance misuse; careful media reporting about<unk> ; and improving economic conditions. Even though crisis hotlines are common, they have not been well studied. The most commonly used method of<unk>  varies between countries, and is partly related to the availability of effective means. Common methods of<unk>  include hanging, pesticide poisoning, and firearms.<unk> s resulted in 828,000 global deaths in 2015, an increase from 712,000 deaths in 1990. This makes<unk>  the 10th leading cause of death worldwide. Approximately 1.5% of all deaths worldwide are by<unk> . In a given year, this is roughly 12 per 100,000 people. Rates of<unk>  are generally higher among men than among women, ranging from 1.5 times as much in the developing world to 3.5 times in the developed world.<unk>  is generally most common among those over the age of 70; however, in certain countries, those aged between 15 and 30 are at the highest risk. Europe had the highest rates of<unk>  by region in 2015. There are an estimated 10 to 20 million non-fatal attempted<unk> s every year. Non-fatal<unk>  attempts may lead to injury and long-term disabilities. In the Western world, attempts are more common among young people and among females. Views on<unk>  have been influenced by broad existential themes such as religion, honor, and the meaning of life. The Abrahamic religions traditionally consider<unk>  as an offense towards God due to the belief in the sanctity of life. During the samurai era in Japan, a form of<unk>  known as seppuku (, ) was respected as a means of making up for failure or as a form of protest. Sati, a practice outlawed by the British, expected the Indian widow to kill herself on her husband's funeral fire, either willingly or under pressure from her family and society.<unk>  and attempted<unk> , while previously illegal, are no longer so in most Western countries. It remains a criminal offense in some countries. In the 20th and 21st centuries,<unk>  has been used on rare occasions as a form of protest, and kamikaze and<unk>  bombings have been used as a military or terrorist tactic.<unk>  is often seen as a major catastrophe for families, relatives and other nearby supporters, and it is viewed negatively almost everywhere around the world.
Suicide
Drowning
Copycat suicide
Assisted suicide
Youth suicide
Addiction
Assault
Night terror