Exposure to large amounts of<unk>  may damage or destroy red blood cells, most commonly in people with the inherited condition known as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, which over 400 million people suffer from. Humans, in particular children, have developed the condition known as hemolytic anemia, after ingesting mothballs or deodorant blocks containing<unk> . Symptoms include fatigue, lack of appetite, restlessness, and pale skin. Exposure to large amounts of<unk>  may cause confusion,<unk> usea, vomiting, diarrhea, blood in the urine, and jaundice (yellow coloration of the skin due to dysfunction of the liver). The US<unk> tional Toxicology Program (NTP) held an experiment where male and female rats and mice were exposed to<unk>  vapors on weekdays for two years. Both male and female rats exhibited evidence of carcinogenesis with increased incidences of adenoma and neuroblastoma of the nose. Female mice exhibited some evidence of carcinogenesis based on increased incidences of alveolar and bronchiolar adenomas of the lung, while male mice exhibited no evidence of carcinogenesis. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies<unk>  as possibly carcinogenic to humans and animals (Group 2B). The IARC also points out that acute exposure causes cataracts in humans, rats, rabbits, and mice; and that hemolytic anemia (described above) can occur in children and infants after oral or inhalation exposure or after maternal exposure during pregnancy. Under California's Proposition 65,<unk>  is listed as "known to the State to cause cancer". A probable mechanism for the carcinogenic effects of mothballs and some types of air fresheners containing<unk>  has been identified. Regulation US government agencies have set occupational exposure limits to<unk>  exposure. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set a permissible exposure limit at 10 ppm (50 mg/m3) over an eight-hour time-weighted average. The<unk> tional Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has set a recommended exposure limit at 10 ppm (50 mg/m3) over an eight-hour time-weighted average, as well as a short-term exposure limit at 15 ppm (75 mg/m3).<unk> 's minimum odor threshold is 0.084 ppm for humans. Mothballs and other products containing<unk>  have been banned within the EU since 2008. In China, the use of<unk>  in mothballs is forbidden. Danger to human health and the common use of<unk> tural camphor are cited as reasons for the ban.
Naphthalene
Nitrobenzene
Benzene
Vinyl chloride
Alkylphenol
Polychlorinated naphthalene
Coal tar
Vinyl halide