<unk> , also known as<unk><unk>  disease,<unk><unk>  disorder,<unk>  mental<unk> , or<unk>  mental disorder, refers to any<unk>  or disorder of mental function whose cause is alleged to be known as<unk>  (physiologic) rather than purely of the mind. These names are older and nearly<unk> olete general terms from psychiatry, referring to many physical disorders that cause impaired mental function. They are meant to exclude psychiatric disorders (mental disorders). Originally, the term was created to distinguish physical (termed<unk> ") causes of mental impairment from psychiatric (termed "functional") disorders, but during the era when this distinction was drawn, not enough was known about<unk>  science (including neuroscience, cognitive science, neuropsychology, and mind-brain correlation) for this cause-based classification to be more than educated guesswork labeled with misplaced certainty, which is why it has been deemphasized in current medicine. While mental or behavioural abnormalities related to the dysfunction can be permanent, treating the disease early may prevent permanent damage in addition to fully restoring mental functions. An<unk>  cause to<unk>  dysfunction is suspected when there is no indication of a clearly defined psychiatric or "inorganic" cause, such as a mood disorder.
Organic brain syndrome
Diencephalic syndrome
Acquired brain injury
Otodental syndrome
Chiasmal syndrome
Traumatic brain injury
Pediatric concussion
Autoimmune encephalitis