<unk> , also known as drug<unk>  are a common health care<unk> for many people and health care systems. Prescription<unk>  are the<unk>  to the end consumer.<unk>  are influenced by multiple factors such as patents, stakeholder influence, and marketing expenses. A number of countries including Canada, parts of Europe, and Brasil use external reference pricing as a means to compare drug prices and to determine a base price for a particular<unk> . Other countries use pharmacoeconomics, which looks at the<unk> benefit of a product in terms of quality of life, alternative treatments (drug and non-drug), and<unk> reduction or avoidance in other parts of the health care system (for example, a drug may reduce the need for a surgical intervention, thereby saving money). Structures like the UK's National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence and to a lesser extent Canada's Common Drug Review (a division of the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health) evaluate products in this way.<unk>  can be listed in a number of ways including<unk> per defined daily dose,<unk> per specific period of time,<unk> per prescribed daily dose, and<unk> proportional to gross national product.
Medication costs
Personal medicine
Patient Abuse
Prescription charges
Cost of drug development
Hazardous drugs
Mold health issues
Critical illness insurance