<unk> , sold under the brand name Kadcyla, is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody<unk>  (Herceptin) covalently linked to the cytotoxic agent DM1.<unk>  alone stops growth of cancer cells by binding to the HER2 receptor, whereas<unk>  undergoes receptor-mediated internalization into cells, is catabolized in lysosomes where DM1-containing catabolites are released and subsequently bind tubulin to cause mitotic arrest and cell death.<unk>  binding to HER2 prevents homodimerization or heterodimerization (HER2/HER3) of the receptor, ultimately inhibiting the activation of MAPK and PI3K/AKT cellular signalling pathways. Because the monoclonal antibody targets HER2, and HER2 is only over-expressed in cancer cells, the conjugate delivers the cytotoxic agent DM1 specifically to tumor cells. The conjugate is abbreviated T-DM1. In the EMILIA clinical trial of women with advanced HER2 positive breast cancer who were already resistant to<unk>  alone, it improved median overall survival by 5.8 months (30.9 months vs. 25.1 months) compared to the combination of lapatinib and capecitabine. Based on that trial, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved marketing on 22 February 2013.<unk>  was developed by Genentech, and is manufactured by Lonza.
Trastuzumab emtansine
Trastuzumab deruxtecan
Trastuzumab/hyaluronidase
Afatinib
Cetuximab
Neratinib
Dasatinib
Loncastuximab tesirine