<unk>  is distinct from HIV dual infection, where an individual is simultaneously infected with multiple distinct viral strains.<unk>  involves an individual with HIV being infected by a new, phylogenetically distinct HIV strain. Early reports of<unk>  were observed in cases of co-infection with HIV-1 and HIV-2. Studies have shown that a lack of neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 infection predisposes patients to<unk> . Additionally, the tendency of HIV-1 virions to recombine when two subtypes infect a single cell increases its susceptibility to<unk> . Further evidence of<unk>  stems from the fact that nearly 10% of HIV-1 infections are associated with a transmittable recombinant strain. HIV-1 virions are divided into nine subtypes, all of which are characterized by different rates of disease progression, viral load and sensitivity to assays used in detection. When a single cell is infected by two HIV-1 subtypes, they recombine, forming a new, transmittable recombinant strain.
HIV superinfection
Hepatitis C and HIV coinfection
Epstein–Barr virus infection
Tuberculosis in relation to HIV
HIV/AIDS
Nipah virus infection
HIV-tainted blood scandal 
Risk factors for tuberculosis