The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptors are a family of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases that include the type I receptors<unk>  (this protein) and<unk>  and the type II receptor BMPR2. These receptors are also closely related to the activin receptors, ACVR1 and ACVR2. The ligands of these receptors are members of the TGF beta superfamily. TGF-betas and activins transduce their signals through the formation of heterodimeric complexes with 2 different types of serine (threonine) kinase receptors: type I receptors of about 50-55 kD and type II receptors of about 70-80 kD. Type II receptors bind ligands in the absence of type I receptors, but they require their respective type I receptors for signaling, whereas type I receptors require their respective type II receptors for ligand binding. BMP's repress WNT signaling to maintain stable stem cell populations.<unk>  null mice died at embryonic day 8.0 without mesoderm specification, demonstrating its vital role in gastrulation. It has been demonstrated in experiments using dominant negative<unk>  chick embryos that<unk>  plays a role in apoptosis and adipocyte development. Using constitutively active forms of<unk> , it has been shown that<unk>  plays a role in cell differentiation. Signals transduced by the<unk>  receptor are not essential for osteoblast formation or proliferation; however,<unk>  is necessary for the extracellular matrix deposition by osteoblasts. In the chick embryo,<unk>  receptors are found in low levels in limb bud mesenchyme, a differing location to<unk> , supporting the differing roles they play in osteogenesis.
BMPR1A
TFM-4AS-1
PDGFRB
CoWIN
CDK13
Kras
SPATA16
SOX2