<unk>  <unk> , also known as<unk>  life support (ECLS), is an<unk>  technique of providing prolonged cardiac and respiratory support to persons whose heart and lungs are unable to provide an adequate amount of gas exchange or perfusion to sustain life. The technology for<unk>  is largely derived from cardiopulmonary bypass, which provides shorter-term support with arrested native circulation. The device used is a<unk>  oxygenator, also known as an artificial lung.<unk>  works by temporarily drawing blood from the body to allow artificial<unk>  of the red blood cells and removal of carbon dioxide. Generally, it is used either post-cardiopulmonary bypass or in late-stage treatment of a person with profound heart and/or lung failure, although it is now seeing use as a treatment for cardiac arrest in certain centers, allowing treatment of the underlying cause of arrest while circulation and<unk>  are supported.<unk>  is also used to support patients with the acute viral pneumonia associated with COVID-19 in cases where artificial ventilation alone is not sufficient to sustain blood<unk>  levels.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Surfactant therapy
Cardiopulmonary bypass
Transtracheal jet ventilation
Artificial ventilation
Mechanical ventilation
Heart–lung transplant
Bubble oxygenator