As the incidence of<unk>  has increased in recent years, screening and early detection of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) has become a necessity in patients at risk. This screening detects premalignant lesions, which are highly prevalents, and improves the staging of lesions after treatment. Anal Pap smears similar to those used in cervical<unk>  screening have been studied for early detection of<unk>  in high-risk individuals. In 2011, an HIV clinic implemented a program to enhance access to<unk>  screening for HIV-positive men. Nurse practitioners perform anal Papanicolaou screening, and men with abnormal results receive further evaluation with high-resolution anoscopy. The program has helped identify many precancerous growths, allowing them to be safely removed. A similar study was performed in women with a history of cervical<unk>  or high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. More than 30% had abnormal anal Pap smears and one third of those already had anal intraepithelial neoplasia.
Anal cancer
Genital wart
Anal fissure
Hemorrhoid
Anal fistula
Genital ulcer
Anorectal varices
Perianal cellulitis