Prevention of a miscarriage can sometimes be accomplished by decreasing risk factors. This may include good prenatal care, avoiding drugs and alcohol, preventing infectious diseases, and avoiding x-rays. Identifying the cause of the miscarriage may help prevent future pregnancy loss, especially in cases of recurrent miscarriage. Often there is little a person can do to prevent a miscarriage. Vitamin supplementation before or during pregnancy has not been found to affect the risk of miscarriage. Progesterone has been shown to prevent miscarriage in women with 1) vaginal bleeding early in their current pregnancy and 2) a previous history of miscarriage. Non-modifiable risk factors Preventing a miscarriage in subsequent pregnancies may be enhanced with assessments of: * Immune status * Chemical and occupational exposures * Anatomical defects * Pre-existing or acquired disease in pregnancy * Polycystic ovary syndrome * Previous exposure to chemotherapy and radiation * Medications * Surgical history * Endocrine disorders * Genetic abnormalities Modifiable risk factors Maintaining a healthy weight and good pre-natal care can reduce the risk of miscarriage. Some risk factors can be minimized by avoiding the following: * Smoking * Cocaine use * Alcohol * Poor nutrition * Occupational exposure to agents that can cause miscarriage * Medications associated with miscarriage * Drug abuse
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