No cure for<unk>  has been found. Suggested treatments include avoidance of extra calcium and vitamin D, and treating high levels of blood calcium. Blood-vessel narrowing can be a significant health problem and is treated on an individual basis. Physical therapy is helpful to patients with joint stiffness and low muscle tone. Developmental and speech therapy can also help children and increase the success of their social interactions. Other treatments are based on a patient's particular symptoms. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends annual cardiology evaluations for individuals with<unk> . Other recommended assessments include ophthalmologic evaluations, an examination for inguinal hernia, objective hearing assessment, blood-pressure measurement, developmental and growth evaluation, orthopedic assessments on joints and muscle tone, and ongoing feeding and dietary assessments to manage constipation and urinary problems. Behavioral treatments have been shown to be effective. In regards to social skills, it may be effective to channel their nature by teaching basic skills. Some of these are the appropriate way to approach someone, how and when to socialize in settings such as school or the workplace, and warning of the signs and dangers of exploitation. For the fear that they demonstrate cognitive-behavioral approaches, such as therapy, they are the recommended treatments. One of the things to be careful of with this approach is to make sure that the patients' charming nature does not mask any underlying feelings. Perhaps the most effective treatment for those with<unk>  is music. Those affected have shown relative strength in regards to music, albeit only in pitch and rhythm tasks. Not only do they show strength in the field, but also a particular fondness for it. Music may help with the internal and external anxiety with which these people are more likely to be afflicted. Notably, the typical person processes music in the superior temporal and middle temporal gyri. Those with<unk>  have reduced activation in these areas, but an increase in the right amygdala and cerebellum. People affected by<unk>  are supported by multiple organizations, including the Canadian Association for<unk>  and the<unk>  Registry.
Williams syndrome
Noonan syndrome
Wolfram syndrome
DiGeorge syndrome
Kaufman oculocerebrofacial syndrome
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
GAPO syndrome
Muenke syndrome