The abnormal retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into one or both the ureters leads to vesicoureteral<unk>  (VUR), which is a direct consequence of incompetent and mislocated ureterovesical valves.<unk>  is a direct consequence of VUR or other urologic congenital anomalies stemming from chronic high-pressure sterile urine<unk>  and often leads to recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the early childhood.
Reflux nephropathy
Analgesic nephropathy
IgA nephropathy
Contrast-induced nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy
Malarial nephropathy
Mesoamerican nephropathy
Shunt nephritis