The initial management of<unk> , irrespective of the type or cause, is supporting vital functions. Therefore, if the level of consciousness is decreased it may be required to proceed to tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation to prevent airway compromise. Hypoxia (abnormally low oxygen levels) may require supplementary oxygen, but if this is insufficient then again mechanical ventilation may be required to prevent complications. Treatment of the underlying cause is the next priority;<unk>  secondary to infection, for instance, would require the administration of appropriate antibiotics. Cardiogenic<unk>  Acute cardiogenic<unk>  often responds rapidly to medical treatment. Positioning upright may relieve symptoms. A loop diuretic such as furosemide (Lasix®) is administered, often together with morphine to reduce respiratory distress. Both diuretic and morphine may have vasodilator effects, but specific vasodilators may be used (particularly intravenous glyceryl trinitrate or ISDN) provided the blood pressure is adequate. Continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel positive airway pressure (CPAP/BiPAP) has been demonstrated to reduce mortality and the need of mechanical ventilation in<unk> ople with severe cardiogenic<unk> . It is possible for cardiogenic<unk>  to occur together with cardiogenic shock, in which the cardiac output is insufficient to sustain an adequate blood pressure. This can be treated with inotropic agents or by intra-aortic balloon pump, but this is regarded as temporary treatment while the underlying cause is addressed.
Pulmonary edema
Pneumonia
Pleurisy
Emphysema
Hydrothorax
Pleural effusion
Pulmonary infiltrate
Atelectasis