<unk>  are a class of<unk><unk>  that disturb the body's natural ability to speak due to neurologic impairments. These neurologic impairments make it difficult for individuals with<unk>  to plan, program, control, coordinate, and execute<unk>  productions. Disturbances to the individual's natural ability to speak vary in their etiology based on the integrity and integration of cognitive, neuromuscular, and musculoskeletal activities. Speaking is an act dependent on thought and timed execution of airflow and oral<unk>  / oral placement of the lips, tongue, and jaw that can be disrupted by weakness in oral musculature (dysarthria) or an inability to execute the<unk>  movements needed for specific<unk>  sound production (apraxia of<unk>  or developmental verbal dyspraxia). Such deficits can be related to pathology of the nervous system (central and /or peripheral systems involved in<unk>  planning) that affect the timing of respiration, phonation, prosody, and articulation in isolation or in conjunction.
Motor speech disorders
Speech and language impairment
Speech delay
Language disorder
Language delay
Specific language impairment
Speech disorder
Nonverbal learning disorder