Before the operation, preparations include transthoracic echocardiography and measurements of the ascending aorta and the pulmonary valve. Under general anaesthesia, the chest is cut open in the midline. The heart and aorta are exposed before the heart is temporarily stopped and its function taken over cardiopulmonary bypass. Subsequent steps include removing the diseased aortic valve and mobilizing the coronary arteries, followed by harvesting and preparing the person's own healthy pulmonary valve, before implanting it within the left ventricular outflow tract, the exit of the left side of the heart (where the aorta begins). Then the coronary artery is reimplanted, before the pulmonary homograft is implanted in the right ventricular outflow tract, the exit of the heart's right side (where the pulmonary artery begins). The pulmonary autograft is joined to the ascending aorta. Pulmonary valve replacement Cryopreserved pulmonary homografts were most often used for a long time until the introduction of decellularized homografts. Variations If the left sided outflow root needs to be enlarged to fit the pulmonary autograft, the procedure is called<unk> -Konno. An alternative to a pulmonary homograft is the stentless xenograft roots such as the Freestyle Porcine Aortic Root by Medtronic. An external Dacron graft can be used to reinforce the pulmonary autograft.
Ross procedure
Eden-Lange procedure
Mustard procedure
Krukenberg procedure
Manchester operation
Frey's procedure
Mumford procedure
Hughes procedure