<unk> , developed in 1938 by a general surgeon, Frederic E.<unk> , is microscopically controlled surgery used to treat both common and rare types of skin cancer. During the surgery, after each removal of tissue and while the patient waits, the tissue is examined for cancer cells. That examination dictates the decision for additional tissue removal.<unk>  is the gold standard method for obtaining complete margin control during removal of a skin cancer (complete circumferential peripheral and deep margin assessment - CCPDMA) using frozen section histology. CCPDMA or<unk>  allows for the removal of a skin cancer with very narrow surgical margin and a high cure rate. The cure rate with<unk>  cited by most studies is between 97% and 99.8% for primary basal-cell carcinoma, the most common type of skin cancer.<unk>  procedure is also used for squamous cell carcinoma, but with a lower cure rate. Recurrent basal-cell cancer has a lower cure rate with<unk> , more in the range of 94%. It has been used in the removal of melanoma-in-situ (cure rate 77% to 98% depending on surgeon), and certain types of melanoma (cure rate 52%). Other indications for<unk>  include dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, keratoacanthoma, spindle cell tumors, sebaceous carcinomas, microcystic adnexal carcinoma, merkel cell carcinoma, Paget's disease of the breast, atypical fibroxanthoma, and leiomyosarcoma. Because the<unk>  procedure is micrographically controlled, it provides precise removal of the cancerous tissue, while healthy tissue is spared.<unk>  can also be more cost effective than other surgical methods, when considering the cost of surgical removal and separate histopathological analysis. However,<unk>  should be reserved for the treatment of skin cancers in anatomic areas where tissue preservation is of utmost importance (face, neck, hands, lower legs, feet, genitals).
Mohs surgery
Facial feminization surgery
SADI-S surgery
Caldwell-Luc surgery
East Asian blepharoplasty
Cryoablation
Brachytherapy
Atherectomy