<unk> s, also called non-physician<unk> s or advanced practice providers, are health care providers who have a defined scope of practice. The term<unk><unk>  refers to the complexity of healthcare situations they handle, not the quality of the care provided. This means that they are trained and legally permitted to provide healthcare in fewer situations than physicians but more than other health professionals. For example, a<unk><unk>  provider may be trained for and legally permitted to perform minor or moderate surgical procedures, but not trained for or legally permitted to perform complex or experimental surgeries. Because of their diverse histories,<unk><unk>  providers' training, functions, scope of practice, regulation, and integration into the formal health system vary from country to country. They have highly variable<unk> s of education and may have a formal credential and accreditation through the licensing bodies in their jurisdictions. In some places, but not others, they provide healthcare, particularly in rural and remote areas, to make up for physician shortages.
Mid-level practitioner
Hospital volunteer
Women in pharmacy
Specialist registrar
Pre-registration house officer
Specialty registrar
Nurse scientist
Biomedical scientist