Management of<unk> es typically involves avoiding what triggers the<unk>  and medications to improve the symptoms.<unk> n immunotherapy may be useful for some types of<unk> es. Medication Several medications may be used to block the action of<unk> c mediators, or to prevent activation of cells and degranulation processes. These include antihistamines, glucocorticoids, epinephrine (adrenaline), mast cell stabilizers, and antileukotriene agents are common treatments of<unk> c diseases. Anti-cholinergics, decongestants, and other compounds thought to impair eosinophil chemotaxis, are also commonly used. Although rare, the severity of anaphylaxis often requires epinephrine injection, and where medical care is unavailable, a device known as an epinephrine autoinjector may be used. Immunotherapy Anti-allergy immunotherapy<unk> n immunotherapy is useful for environmental<unk> es,<unk> es to insect bites, and asthma. Its benefit for food<unk> es is unclear and thus not recommended. Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts of<unk> n in an effort to change the immune system's response. Meta-analyses have found that injections of<unk> ns under the skin is effective in the treatment in<unk> c rhinitis in children and in asthma. The benefits may last for years after treatment is stopped. It is generally safe and effective for<unk> c rhinitis and conjunctivitis,<unk> c forms of asthma, and stinging insects. The evidence also supports the use of sublingual immunotherapy for rhinitis and asthma but it is less strong. For seasonal<unk> es the benefit is small. In this form the<unk> n is given under the tongue and people often prefer it to injections. Immunotherapy is not recommended as a stand-alone treatment for asthma. Alternative medicine An experimental treatment, enzyme potentiated desensitization (EPD), has been tried for decades but is not generally accepted as effective. EPD uses dilutions of<unk> n and an enzyme, beta-glucuronidase, to which T-regulatory lymphocytes are supposed to respond by favoring desensitization, or down-regulation, rather than sensitization. EPD has also been tried for the treatment of autoimmune diseases but evidence does not show effectiveness. A review found no effectiveness of homeopathic treatments and no difference compared with placebo. The authors concluded that, based on rigorous clinical trials of all types of homeopathy for childhood and adolescence ailments, there is no convincing evidence that supports the use of homeopathic treatments. According to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, U.S, the evidence is relatively strong that saline nasal irrigation and butterbur are effective, when compared to other alternative medicine treatments, for which the scientific evidence is weak, negative, or nonexistent, such as honey, acupuncture, omega 3's, probiotics, astragalus, capsaicin, grape seed extract, Pycnogenol, quercetin, spirulina, stinging nettle, tinospora or guduchi.
Allergy
Foodborne illness
Hypersensitivity
Food intolerance
Alloimmunity
Bronchiolitis
Pseudoallergy
Scombroid food poisoning