Map of countries based on<unk>  prevalence, based on a 2007 World Health Organization report The<unk>  is the percentage of males in a given population who have been circumcised. Today,<unk>  is predominately performed as a prophylactic health intervention, religious obligation, or cultural practice. As of 2016, the global<unk>  is estimated to be around 38%; major medical organizations such as the World Health Organization and UNAIDS have promoted a higher rate of<unk>  in countries as a prophylaxis against HIV/AIDS and STD transmission. Rates vary widely, from over 90% in Israel and many Muslim-majority countries, 86.3% in South Korea, to 80% in the United States, to 58% in Australia, to 45% in South Africa, to 20.7% in the United Kingdom, to under 1% in Japan and Honduras. In 2016, the global<unk>  was estimated to be around 38%, with notable increases of<unk>  prevalence seen in the United States, the Middle East; and Africa; major medical organizations have promoted a higher rate of<unk>  in Africa as a preventive against the spread of HIV/AIDS. In 2020, the World Health Organization reiterated that it is an efficacious prophylactic intervention in if carried out by medical professionals under safe conditions in areas of high HIV/AIDS prevalence. Even though mainstream Christian denominations do not require male<unk> , male<unk>  is commonly practiced in many predominantly Christian countries and among many Christian communities.<unk>  is nearly universal among the members of the Coptic, Ethiopian, and Eritrean Orthodox Churches. The<unk>  is approximately fifty-fifty in the United States due to support from the country's medical community as a prophylactic health intervention against disease. The continent of Africa, similarly, has widely adopted the practice as a preventive measure against the spread of HIV. While it has overwhelming prevalence in the Muslim world and in Israel due to the religious beliefs of most Muslims and Jews; however, some non-Muslim groups living within Muslim-majority countries, such as Armenians and Assyrians, do not practice it. It is prevalent in some Muslim-majority countries in southeast Asia such as Indonesia and Malaysia; however, the WHO states that there is "little non-religious<unk>  in Asia, with the exceptions of the Republic of Korea and the Philippines". In parts of Africa it is often practiced as part of tribal customs from Christians, Muslims and Animists. In contrast, rates are much lower in most of Europe, parts of southern Africa, most of Asia, Oceania and Latin America, constituting South America, Central America, the Caribbean and Mexico. Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand and the United Kingdom are examples of countries that have seen a decline in male<unk>  in recent decades, while there have been indications of increasing demand in southern Africa, partly for preventive reasons due to the HIV epidemic there.
Prevalence of circumcision
Prevalence of birth control
Prevalence of female genital mutilation
Prevalence of teenage pregnancy
Infection rate
Risk of mortality
Prevalence of tobacco use
Basic reproduction number