Clinically,<unk> s present as a bulge or protrusion at or near the area of a surgical incision. Virtually any prior abdominal operation can develop an<unk>  at the scar area (provided adequate healing does not occur due to infection), including large abdominal procedures such as intestinal or vascular surgery, and small incisions, such as (appendix removal or abdominal exploratory surgery). While<unk> s can occur at any incision, they tend to occur more commonly along a straight line from the xiphoid process of the sternum straight down to the pubis, and are more complex in these regions. Hernias in these areas have a high rate of recurrence if repaired via a simple suture technique under tension. For this reason, it is especially advised that these be repaired via a tension free repair method using a synthetic mesh.
Incisional hernia
Internal hernia
Perineal hernia
Fascial hernia
Epigastric hernia
Retrocolic hernia
Spigelian hernia
Obturator hernia