<unk>  is a widely used initial method to estimate daily<unk>  excretion in urine. Since the diagnosis and management of<unk> uric renal diseases and the staging of chronic kidney disease depend on accurate identification and quantitation of<unk> uria, the implementation of the 24-hour urine collection is the most accurate procedure in practice to figure out the urinary<unk>  excretion. However, in current clinical practice, the<unk>  is widely used to estimate daily<unk>  excretion by virtue of its convenience and simplicity. The difference between<unk>  and 24-hour urine collection is that former requires a urine sample to be collected only once at any time. Creatinine(U) is taken into account due to the notion that creatinine is normally released into the urine at a constant rate. Scientists found that the<unk>  of<unk>  to creatinine roughly estimates the actual value gained from the 24-hour urine<unk>  test. The normal<unk>  is not more than 200 mg/g.
Urine protein/creatinine ratio
Microalbuminuria
Urine cytology
Urine urea nitrogen
BUN-to-creatinine ratio
Urine osmolality
Renal biopsy
Urinary tract ultrasound