Cycloplegic Eye Drops (Dilation)<unk>  is frequently resistant to treatment. However, some patients do find relief through the use of daily eye dilation with cycloplegic drops. One side effect of cycloplegic drops is that they often have BAK as a preservative ingredient, which with daily use can erode the tear shield: At each administration of an eye drop containing benzalkonium chloride, its detergent effect disrupts the lipid layer of the tear film. This cannot be regenerated and can no longer protect the aqueous layer of the tear film, which evaporates easily. In these circumstances, the cornea is exposed and eye dryness occurs. In addition, benzalkonium chloride has a cellular toxicity on caliciform cells, entailing a reduction in the amount of mucin, an additional reason for disrupting the tear film. In fact, none of the cycloplegic drops used to treat<unk>  in the United States are available without BAK. This unfortunately makes treatment much more difficult as the side effect of dry eyes and corneal damage can occur. France, Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom do have limited availability of BAK free eye drops available in unidose and they must be imported to the United States with a physician's letter to the FDA enclosed with the imported prescription. Due to the high potential of tear shield damage with long-term use and the associated dry eye condition caused by cycloplegic eye drops with BAK (preservative), many physicians do not recommend cycloplegic eye drops. In difficult cases, "cycloplegic agents are highly favored to break<unk>  quickly and may be more economical compared to other conventional therapies" Cyclopentolate, Atropine, Tropicamide, and Homatropine are the typical cycloplegic eye drops used once daily to treat<unk>  by relaxing the ciliary muscle. One side effect is blurred vision since these induce dilation. Vision Training Vision therapy administered by a trained optometrist has shown a success rate of over 70%. Surgery Multifocal intraocular lens implantation is a new possible treatment involving clear lens extraction and multifocal intraocular lens implantation but it may not be appropriate for patients who have had resistant<unk>  for a long period of time.
Spasm of accommodation
Mydriasis
Facial toning
Cushing reflex
Clitoral erection
Deviated gaze
Premonitory urge
Parasympathetic rebound