<unk> s <unk> s) are<unk>  cells present in the<unk> <unk> , which is the soft living tissue within teeth. They are pluripotent, as they can form embryoid body-like structures (EBs) in vitro and teratoma-like structures that contained tissues derived from all three embryonic germ layers when injected in nude mice.<unk> s can differentiate in vitro into tissues that have similar characteristics to mesoderm, endoderm and ectoderm layers.<unk> s were found to be able to differentiate into adipocytes and neural-like cells. These cells can be obtained from postnatal teeth, wisdom teeth, and deciduous teeth, providing researchers with a non-invasive method of extracting<unk>  cells. As a result,<unk> s have been thought of as an extremely promising source of cells used in endogenous tissue engineering. Studies have shown that the proliferation rate of<unk> s is 30% higher than in other<unk>  cells, such as bone marrow stromal<unk>  cells (BMSSCs). These characteristics of<unk> s are mainly due to the fact that they exhibit elevated amounts of cell cycling molecules, one being cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), present in the<unk> <unk>  tissue. Additionally,<unk> s have displayed lower immunogenicity than MSCs. Atari et al., established a protocol for isolating and identifying the subpopulations of<unk> <unk>  pluripotent-like<unk>  cells (DPPSC). These cells are SSEA4+, OCT3/4+, NANOG+, SOX2+, LIN28+, CD13+, CD105+, CD34-, CD45-, CD90+, CD29+, CD73+, STRO1+, and CD146-, and they show genetic stability in vitro based on genomic analysis with a newly described CGH technique.
Dental pulp stem cell
Neural stem cell
Progenitor cell
Limbal stem cell
Clue cell
Stem cell
Hemangioblast
Osteochondroprogenitor cell