A flat<unk>  in a baby A resolving<unk> <unk> , well-circumscribed red, violet, exophytic vascular tumor on the nose of a one-year-old child<unk> s typically develop in the first few weeks or months of life. They are more common in Caucasians, in premature children whose birth weight is less than , in females, and in twin births. Early lesions may resemble a red scratch or patch, a white patch, or a bruise. The majority occurs on the head and neck, but they can occur almost anywhere. The appearance and color of the<unk>  depends on its location and depth within the level of the skin. Superficial<unk> s are situated higher in the skin and have a bright red, erythematous to reddish-purple appearance. Superficial lesions can be flat and telangiectatic, composed of a macule or patch of small, varied branching, capillary blood vessels. They can also be raised and elevated from the skin, forming papules and confluent bright-red plaques like raised islands.<unk> s have historically been referred to “strawberry marks" or "strawberry<unk> s” in the past, as raised superficial<unk> s can look like the side of a strawberry without seeds, and this remains a common lay term. Superficial<unk> s in certain locations, such as the posterior scalp, neck folds, and groin/perianal areas, are at potential risk of ulceration. Ulcerated<unk> s can present as black crusted papules or plaques, or painful erosions or ulcers. Ulcerations are prone to secondary bacterial infections, which can present with yellow crusting, drainage, pain, or odor. Ulcerations are also at risk for bleeding, particularly deep lesions or in areas of friction. Multiple superficial<unk> s, more than five, can be associated with extracutaneous<unk> s, the most common being a liver (hepatic)<unk> , and these infants warrant ultrasound examination. Deep<unk> s present as poorly defined, bluish macules that can proliferate into papules, nodules, or larger tumors. Proliferating lesions are often compressible, but fairly firm. Many deep<unk> s may have a few superficial capillaries visible evident over the primary deep component or surrounding venous prominence. Deep<unk> s have a tendency to develop a little later than superficial<unk> s, and may have longer and later proliferative phases, as well. Deep<unk> s rarely ulcerate, but can cause issues depending on their location, size, and growth. Deep<unk> s near sensitive structures can cause compression of softer surrounding structures during the proliferative phase, such as the external ear canal and the eyelid. Mixed<unk> s are simply a combination of superficial and deep<unk> s, and may not be evident for several months. Patients may have any combination of superficial, deep, or mixed<unk> s.<unk> s are often classified as focal/localized, segmental, or indeterminate. Focal<unk> s appear localized to a specific location and appear to arise from a solitary spot. Segmental<unk> s are larger, and appear to encompass a region of the body. Larger or segmental<unk> s that span a large area can sometimes have underlying anomalies that may require investigation, especially when located on the face, sacrum, or pelvis. Unless ulceration occurs, an<unk>  does not tend to bleed and is not painful. Discomfort may arise if it is bulky and blocks a vital orifice. File:HemangiomaWen.Hemangioma on forehead showing signs of early regression Image:Hemangioma.Hemangioma on the scalp of a 2-year-old child, in the "rest stage" File:Hemangiomaliver.Hemangioma of the liver as seen on ultrasound Image:LiverhemangiomaCT.A liver<unk>  as seen on CT Complications Almost no<unk> s are associated with complications. They may break down on the surface, called ulceration, which can be painful and problematic. If the ulceration is deep, significant bleeding and infection may occur in rare occasions. If a<unk>  develops in the larynx, breathing can be compromised. If located near the eye, a growing<unk>  may cause an occlusion or deviation of the eye that can lead to amblyopia. Very rarely, extremely large<unk> s can cause high-output heart failure due to the amount of blood that must be pumped to excess blood vessels. Lesions adjacent to bone may cause erosion of the bone. The most frequent complaints about<unk> s stem from psychosocial complications. The condition can affect a person's appearance and provoke attention and malicious reactions from others. Particular problems occur if the lip or nose is involved, as distortions can be difficult to treat surgically. The potential for psychological injury develops from school age onward. Considering treatment before school begins is, therefore, important if adequate spontaneous improvement has not occurred. Large<unk> s can leave visible skin changes secondary to severe stretching that results in altered surface texture. Large segmental<unk> s of the head and neck can be associated with a disorder called PHACES syndrome. Large segmental<unk> s over the lumbar spine can be associated with dysraphism, renal, and urogenital problems in association with a disorder called LUMBAR syndrome. Multiple cutaneous<unk> s in infants may be an indicator for liver<unk> s. Screening for liver involvement is often recommended in infants with five or more skin<unk> s.
Infantile hemangioma
Chorangioma
Lymphohemangioma
Spider angioma
Boomerang dysplasia
Cherry angioma
Tufted angioma
Angiokeratoma