FASDs encompass a range of physical and neurodevelopmental problems that can result from prenatal alcohol exposure. The most severe condition is called fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), which refers to individuals who have a specific set of birth defects and neurodevelopmental disorders characteristic of the diagnosis. Some accept only FAS as a diagnosis, seeing the evidence as inconclusive with respect to other types. * Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) * Partial fetal alcohol syndrome (pFAS) refers to individuals with a known, or highly suspected, history of prenatal alcohol exposure who have alcohol-related physical and neurodevelopmental deficits that do not meet the full criteria for FAS. pFAS-subtypes: * Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) * Alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD). In addition to FAS, pFAS * Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND) * Alcohol-Related Birth Defects (ARBD) * Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (ND-PAE) * Static Encephalopathy These conditions believed to be related to prenatal alcohol exposure, such as spontaneous abortion and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), are also considered to be on the spectrum of related disorders. It is unclear if identifying a FASD-related condition benefits the individual. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association introduced neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND-PAE) into the DSM-V as a "condition for further study" and as a specified condition under, "other specified neurodevelopmental disorders" as a way to better study the behavioral aspects of all FASD disorders. Though similar sounding, ND-PAE is the spectrum-wide term for the psychiatric, behavioral, and neurological symptoms of all FASD's, where as ARND is the specific diagnosis of the non-dysmorphic type of FASD where a majority of the symptoms are witnessed.
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