The gliflozins are used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus but are most often used as second- or third-line agents instead of first-line because there are other medications on the market that have much longer safety record and are less expensive than gliflozins. Gliflozins may be a good option for patients who are failing with metformin monotherapy, especially if reducing weight is part of the underlying treatment. They are often used in combination therapy, for example the dual therapy metformin plus gliflozin and the triple therapy metformin, sulfonylurea and gliflozin. A systematic review and network meta-analysis (comparing<unk> s, GLP-1 agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors) demonstrated that use of<unk> s was associated with a 20% reduction in death compared with placebo or no treatment. Another systemic review discussed they mechanisms<unk> s improve cardio-renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, emphasizing the impacts in improving neural tone. Two reviews have concluded that<unk> s benefit patients with atherosclerotic major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). One of those studies defined MACE as the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death.
SGLT2 inhibitor
Chloride channel opener
COX-2 inhibitor
CYP17A1 inhibitor
Norepinephrine–dopamine disinhibitor
Beta-adrenergic agonist
Reuptake inhibitor
Protein kinase inhibitor