Diagram showing before and after an oesophago-gastrectomy There are two main types of<unk> . * A transhiatal<unk>  (THE) is performed on the neck and abdomen simultaneously. * A transthoracic<unk>  (TTE) involves opening the thorax (chest). In most cases, the stomach is transplanted into the neck and the stomach takes the place originally occupied by the esophagus. In some cases, the removed esophagus is replaced by another hollow structure, such as the patient's colon. Another option that is slowly becoming available is minimally invasive surgery (MIS) which is performed laparoscopically and thoracoscopically. After surgery, patients may have trouble with a regular diet and may have to consume softer foods, avoid liquids at meals, and stay upright for 1–3 hours after eating. Dysphagia is common and patients are encouraged to chew foods very well or grind their food. Patients may complain of substernal pain that resolves by sipping fluids or regurgitating food. Reflux-type symptoms can be severe, including intolerance to acidic foods and large, fatty meals. Jejunal feeding tubes may be placed during surgery to provide a temporary route of nutrition until oral eating resumes.
Esophagectomy
Gingivectomy
Esophageal stent
Laryngectomy
Mucosectomy
Laryngotracheal reconstruction
Gastrectomy
Railway surgery