Indications After removal of nasal packing following epistaxis, routine<unk>  is not necessarily indicated. However, widely accepted indications for<unk>  include: *abnormal speech characteristics: hypernasal resonance, excessive nasal airflow including nasal air escape and nasal turbulence (also called nasal rustle), and absence of or weak intra-oral air pressure for oral pressure consonants; *limited progress with speech therapy to establish oral pressure sounds; *difficulty maintaining intra-oral air pressure and velopharyngeal closure during speech; *patient has known or suspected abnormality of palate or velopharynx; and, *patient is being considered for pharyngoplasty, maxillary advancement or speech prosthesis. Contraindications, complications, and safety No absolute contraindications exist for<unk> ; and, while the procedure is relatively safe, the exact risk of the procedure depends on the skill and experience of the endoscope operator.
Nasoendoscopy
Sialoendoscopy
Chromoendoscopy
Capsule endoscopy
Autoscopy
Liquid biopsy
Keratoscope
Gonioscopy