The two key features of<unk>  are: # An inability to voluntarily evacuate rectal contents # Normal colonic transit time A five-item questionnaire was validated for diagnosis and grading of<unk>  syndrome. The parameters were: # Excessive straining # Incomplete rectal evacuation # Use of enemas and/or laxatives # Vaginal-anal-perineal digitations (needing to press in the back wall of the vagina or on the perineum to aid<unk>  # Abdominal discomfort and/or pain Classification<unk>  is one of the causes of chronic constipation.<unk>  could be considered to be a type of bowel obstruction, where it may be classified under large bowel obstruction.<unk>  frequently gives rise to a symptom called tenesmus. Constipation, bowel obstruction and tenesmus are therefore all closely related topics. Outlet obstruction can be classified into four groups. * Functional outlet obstruction :* Inefficient inhibition of the internal anal sphincter ::* Short-segment Hirschsprung's disease ::* Chagas disease ::* Hereditary internal sphincter myopathy :* Inefficient relaxation of the striated pelvic floor muscles ::* Anismus (pelvic floor dyssynergia) ::* Multiple sclerosis ::* Spinal cord lesions * Mechanical outlet obstruction ::* Internal intussusception ::* Enterocele * Dissipation of force vector ::* Rectocele ::* Descending perineum ::* Rectal prolapse * Impaired rectal sensitivity ::* Megarectum ::* Rectal hyposensitivity
Obstructed defecation
Open defecation
Fecal incontinence
Fecal vomiting
Rectal discharge
Rectal douching
Functional constipation
Coital incontinence