The following criteria are required in order to diagnose<unk> : All 4 of the following: * No Philadelphia chromosome or BCR/ABL fusion gene. * Peripheral blood monocytosis >1 x 109/L. * Less than 20% blasts (including promonocytes) in the blood and bone marrow (blast count is less than 2% on average) * Splenomegaly At least one of: * Mutation in RAS or PTPN11 * Diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1 * Chromosome 7 monosomy Or two or more of the following criteria: * Hemoglobin F increased for age. * Immature granulocytes and nucleated red cells in the peripheral blood. * White blood cell count >10 x 109/L. * Clonal chromosomal abnormality (e.g., monosomy 7). * Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) hypersensitivity of myeloid progenitors in vitro. These criteria are identified through blood tests and bone marrow tests. The differential diagnosis list includes infectious diseases like Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus 6, histoplasma, mycobacteria, and toxoplasma, which can produce similar symptoms.
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation
Hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia
B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia
Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia