CT appearance of liver in<unk> , sometimes referred to as a nutmeg liver. Due to congestion, contrast does not flow through the liver in a normal manner. Axial and coronal images in the portal venous phase. Increased pressure in the sublobular branches of the hepatic veins causes an engorgement of venous blood, and is most frequently due to chronic cardiac lesions, especially those affecting the right heart (e.g., right-sided heart failure), the blood being dammed back in the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins. Central regions of the hepatic lobules are red–brown and stand out against the non-congested, tan-coloured liver. Centrilobular necrosis occurs. Macroscopically, the liver has a pale and spotty appearance in affected areas, as stasis of the blood causes pericentral hepatocytes (liver cells surrounding the central venule of the liver) to become deoxygenated compared to the relatively better-oxygenated periportal hepatocytes adjacent to the hepatic arterioles. This retardation of the blood also occurs in lung lesions, such as chronic interstitial pneumonia, pleural effusions, and intrathoracic tumors.
Congestive hepatopathy
Alcoholic liver disease
Ischemic hepatitis
Fatty liver disease
Alcoholic hepatitis
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Methanol toxicity