The<unk>  and<unk>  phases of a V/Q lung<unk>  are performed together and may include a chest X-ray for comparison or to look for other causes of lung disease. A defect in the<unk>  images requires a mismatched<unk>  defect to indicate pulmonary embolism. In the<unk>  phase of the test, a gaseous radionuclides such as xenon-133, krypton-81m, or technetium-99m DTPA in an aerosol form is inhaled by the patient through a mouthpiece or mask that covers the nose and mouth.<unk>  imaging can also be performed using a Technegas machine which produces an aerosol of radioactive nanoparticles, specifically carbon nanoparticles containing technetium-99m. The<unk>  phase of the test involves the intravenous injection of radioactive technetium macro aggregated albumin (Tc99m-MAA). A gamma camera acquires the images for both phases of the study. A SPECT image can also be taken following an injection of Technetium labelled MAA. SPECT is often skipped if the patient has pulmonary hypertension. It is also possible to perform the<unk>  with positron emission tomography (PET) rather than conventional gamma camera scintigraphy. This has been performed with Gallium-68 labelled carbon nanoparticles (Galligas) using a conventional Technegas machine for<unk>  images, and with Gallium-68 labelled MAA (Ga68-MAA) for<unk>  images. PET has multiple potential advantages including superior resolution, speed and quantification.
Ventilation/perfusion scan
Carbon dioxide angiography
Perfusion scanning
Intravascular fluorescence
Intravascular imaging
Microangiography
Pulmonary angiography
Digital subtraction angiography