The annual rate of<unk>  is generally 13–23 people per 100,000 in the general population. It is more common in people who are mechanically ventilated with<unk>  lung injury (ALI) occurring 16% of ventilated people. Rates increased in 2020 due to COVID-19, with some cases also appearing similar to HAPE. Worldwide, severe sepsis is the most common trigger causing<unk> . Other triggers include mechanical ventilation, sepsis, pneumonia, Gilchrist's disease, drowning, circulatory shock, aspiration, traumaespecially pulmonary contusionmajor surgery, massive blood transfusions, smoke inhalation, drug reaction or overdose, fat emboli and reperfusion pulmonary edema after lung transplantation or pulmonary embolectomy. However, the majority of patients with all these conditions mentioned do not develop<unk> . It is unclear why some people with the mentioned factors above do not develop<unk>  and others do. Pneumonia and sepsis are the most common triggers, and pneumonia is present in up to 60% of patients and may be either causes or complications of<unk> . Alcohol excess appears to increase the risk of<unk> . Diabetes was originally thought to decrease the risk of<unk> , but this has shown to be due to an increase in the risk of pulmonary edema. Elevated abdominal pressure of any cause is also probably a risk factor for the development of<unk> , particularly during mechanical ventilation.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Heart failure
Respiratory bronchiolitis
Bacterial pneumonia
Aspiration pneumonia
Community-acquired pneumonia
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Viral pneumonia