The most effective diagnostic tool for CMV is endoscopy with biopsy. Generally on inspection of the esophagus large punched out lesions are seen in the middle part of the esophagus. Further histological evaluation of the lesions demonstrates enlarged cells in the sub-epithelial layer with inclusions within the cell's nucleus and its cytoplasm. In addition to the histological examination fluorescent staining with an immunoperoxidase stain is highly specific. Radiologic imaging techniques such as X-Rays or CT Scans are not effective in diagnosing CMV Esophagitis but can identify any resulting strictures or fistulas.
Cytomegalovirus esophagitis
Herpes esophagitis
Lymphocytic esophagitis
Esophageal candidiasis
Eosinophilic esophagitis
Geophagia
Barrett's esophagus
Nutcracker esophagus