Most<unk> es are now performed percutaneously with fluoroscopic or CT guidance while the patient is awake under local anesthesia. The spinothalamic tract is normally divided at the level C1-C2. Open<unk> , which requires a laminectomy (removal of part of one or more vertebrae), takes place under general anaesthetic and has a longer recovery time and a higher risk of side-effects including permanent weakness. However, it is still sometimes used where percutaneous<unk>  is unfeasible, especially in children or other patients who are unable to co-operate. In open<unk> , a thoracic approach is normally used so that the spinal cord tracts controlling the breathing muscles are not put at risk.
Cordotomy
Cordectomy
Omphalotomy
Precipitate delivery
Trial of labour
Labor induction
Caesarean section
External cephalic version