Pharmacodynamics Because α1-adrenergic receptor antagonists were found to block effects of<unk>  and modafinil in animals, "most investigators assumed that<unk>  and modafinil both serve as α1-adrenergic receptor agonists." However,<unk>  and modafinil have not been found to bind to the α1-adrenergic receptor and they lack peripheral sympathomimetic side effects associated with activation of this receptor; hence, the evidence in support of this hypothesis is weak, and other mechanisms are probable. Modafinil was subsequently screened at a variety of targets in 2009 and was found to act as a weak, atypical blocker of the dopamine transporter (and hence as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor), and this action may explain some or all of its pharmacological effects. Relative to<unk> , modafinil possesses greater specificity in its action, lacking or having a reduced incidence of many of the common side effects of the former (including stomach pain, skin irritation, anxiety, and elevated liver enzymes with prolonged use). There is a case report of two patients that<unk>  may increase interest in sex. A case report of<unk> -induced orofacial dyskinesia exists. Reports of this side effect also exist for modafinil. Pharmacokinetics In addition to modafinil,<unk>  also produces modafinil acid (CRL-40467) and modafinil sulfone (CRL-41056) as metabolites, which form from metabolic modification of modafinil.
Adrafinil
Armodafinil
Influenzanet
Modafinil acid
Rivastigmine
Modafinil
Bepridil
Sertindole