<unk>  can also be caused by a number of epigenetic changes, which are adaptations that add a tag to specific DNA sequences, rather than altering the sequence itself. In<unk> , these changes can be classified into the addition of 3 different methyl subgroups (naïve B-cell-like, memory B-cell-like, and intermediate), which impact how much that DNA sequence is transcribed. Some relevant genetic mutations may be inherited. Since there is no one single mutation that is associated with<unk>  in all cases, an individual’s susceptibility may be impacted when multiple mutations that are associated with an increase in the risk of<unk>  are co-inherited. Up until 2020, 45 susceptibility loci have been identified. 93% of these loci are linked to the alteration of 30 gene expressions involved in immune response, cell survival, or Wnt signaling. Exposure to Agent Orange increases the risk of<unk> , and exposure to hepatitis C virus may increase the risk. There is no clear association between ionizing radiation exposure and the risk of developing<unk> . Blood transfusions have been ruled out as a risk factor.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Hairy cell leukemia
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia
Infectious mononucleosis
AIDS-related lymphoma
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Prolymphocytic leukemia
Persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis