<unk>  is a clinical methodology to risk stratify patients for the development of persistent and severe acute kidney injury (AKI). The composite of risk factors and early signs of injury for AKI,<unk>  is used as a clinical adjunct to help optimize the use of novel AKI biomarker testing. The term<unk>  from Latin (“infection of the throat”) and from the Greek ankhone (“strangling”) are utilized in the context of AKI to denote the development of injury and the choking off of kidney function. Unlike<unk>  pectoris, commonly caused due to ischemia of the heart muscle secondary to coronary artery occlusion or vasospasm,<unk>  carries no obvious physical symptomatology (i.e., flank tenderness, suprapubic tenderness, pain with voiding or micturition).<unk>  was derived as a conceptual framework to identify evolving AKI. Like acute coronary syndrome which precedes or is a sign of a heart attack,<unk>  is used as a herald sign for a kidney attack. Detection of<unk>  is performed by calculating the<unk>  index.
Renal angina
Renal colic
Obstructive uropathy
Glomerulonephritis
Digitalis
Contrast-induced nephropathy
Reflux nephropathy
Abdominal angina