<unk>  refers to a technique in which the stomach is divided into a small upper pouch and a much larger lower "remnant" pouch and then the small intestine is rearranged to connect to both. Surgeons have developed several different ways to reconnect the intestine, thus leading to several different gastric<unk>  procedures (GBP). Any GBP leads to a marked reduction in the functional volume of the stomach, accompanied by an altered physiological and physical response to food. The operation is prescribed to treat morbid obesity (defined as a body mass index greater than 40), type 2 diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, and other comorbid conditions. Bariatric<unk>  is the term encompassing all of the surgical treatments for morbid obesity, not just gastric<unk> es, which make up only one class of such operations. The resulting weight loss, typically dramatic, markedly reduces comorbidities. The long-term mortality rate of gastric<unk>  patients has been shown to be reduced by up to 40%. As with all<unk> , complications may occur. A study from 2005 to 2006 revealed that 15% of patients experience complications as a result of gastric<unk> , and 0.5% of patients died within six months of<unk>  due to complications. A meta-analysis of 174,772 participants published in The Lancet in 2021 found that bariatric<unk>  was associated with 59% and 30% reduction in all-cause mortality among obese adults with or without type 2 diabetes respectively. This meta-analysis also found that median life-expectancy was 9.3 years longer for obese adults with diabetes who received bariatric<unk>  as compared to routine (non-surgical) care, whereas the life expectancy gain was 5.1 years longer for obese adults without diabetes.
Gastric bypass surgery
Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
Sleeve gastrectomy
Adjustable gastric band
Collis gastroplasty
SILS gastric banding
Bariatric surgery