There are a number of management options for<unk> . Management of<unk> , both nocturnal and daytime, can include behavioral therapy, drug therapy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and other alternative medicine therapies. Treatment of<unk>  for children under 5 years old is not recommended. In adults who suffer from nocturnal<unk> , use of a bedwetting diary, which keeps track of when<unk>  occurs, may be helpful for healthcare providers to figure out the causes of a person's<unk>  and their best route for treatment.<unk>  Alarm Behavioral therapy Simple behavioral interventions may prove to be superior in comparison to no ongoing form of treatment and are recommended as initial treatment. * Nighttime fluid limitation *<unk>  alarm - includes sleeping mats with electrical circuits; alarms with sensors placed in child's underwear; alarms that are wired or wireless and produce noise, vibration, or light; and alarm clocks or mobile phones for older individuals * Motivational therapy * Bladder training - training the bladder to hold more urine * Reward systems - give star charts for dry nights * Lifting - carrying the child, who is still asleep, away from the bed to an appropriate place to urinate Waking a child up at night is not a medically supported long-term cure or solution for nocturnal<unk> , and may just be a one-time solution even if it appears to resolve<unk> . Neurostimulation Evidence suggests that neurostimulation therapy may be an efficacious and safe form of treatment of pediatric primary<unk> , also known as bedwetting. Neurostimulation of the sacral nerve is an option for children in which all other therapies have failed. Neurostimulation treatment of adult<unk>  may be considered prior to pursuing surgical methods. For adult<unk> , sacral nerve stimulation can be administered to decrease bladder muscle activity so that the bladder muscles are not constantly in a contracted state to help improve<unk>  symptoms. Hypnotherapy Hypnotherapy is often performed under the guidance of a licensed clinician or hypnotherapist. It is a guided state of relaxation, concentration and focused attention, and is often where the individual is in a guided trance-like state to treat conditions such as pediatric<unk> . However, some studies have shown that the utilization of<unk>  alarm may be more effective than hypnotherapy. On the other hand, certain types of hypnotherapy may be more effective compared to no treatment of<unk> , but evidence is insufficient. Medications Nighttime incontinence may be treated by increasing antidiuretic hormone levels. The hormone can be boosted by a synthetic version known as desmopressin, or DDAVP. Desmopressin is approved by the United States Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for use in children 6 years and older with primary nocturnal<unk>  and is available in both spray and tablet formulations. There is good short-term success rate; however, there is difficulty in keeping the bed dry after medication is stopped. In children whose<unk>  symptoms do not resolve with desmopressin, anticholinergic drugs may be effective as a second-line therapy or as an add-on drug with desmopressin. However currently only oxybutynin has an FDA-approved labeled indication in children aged 6 and older. An additional third-line alternative shown to be effective is the tricylic antidepressant imipramine, however the use of tricylic antidepressants carries the risk of cardiotoxicity and is not recommended to be given without evaluating a person's risk factors for certain heart diseases. Acupuncture There are multiple studies examining the efficacy of acupuncture in treating nocturnal<unk>  in children, but the evidence is generally of low quality and suffers from multiple limitations. Therefore, there is not strong evidence to suggest that acupuncture is useful for treating<unk> .
Enuresis
Diuresis
Natriuresis
Kaliuresis
Paruresis
Antidiuretic
Diuretic
Antipyretic