Thin blood film Diagnosis during the acute phase can be made by obtaining a peripheral blood smear with Giemsa stain, Columbia blood agar cultures, immunoblot, indirect immunofluorescence, and PCR. Diagnosis during the chronic phase can be made using a Warthin-Starry stain of wart biopsy, PCR, and immunoblot.
Carrion's disease
Canavan disease
Neuroferritinopathy
Wilson's disease
Familial Danish dementia
Parkinson's disease dementia
Itai-itai disease
Hashimoto's encephalopathy