It can be inferred from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that all persons have the right to refuse<unk> , and this right is often enshrined in national law. In some situations, patients may lack capacity to make decisions about accepting or refusing<unk> . In these situations, it may be appropriate to<unk> ly administer<unk> , after other measures have been attempted.<unk>  is only likely to be administered<unk> ly where: * The patient actively refuses their medicine * It is determined to be essential to the patient's mental or physical health, and therefore in their best interest * The patient is deemed to lack capacity to understand the repercussions of refusing the<unk> .<unk>  administration of<unk>  is practised in a range of medical specialities and across a variety of care settings including psychiatry, paediatrics, geriatric medicine and care homes. In the care of paediatric patients, young children may be unwilling to take<unk>  with an unpleasant taste or smell, or due to fear of the unfamiliar. In these cases, the<unk>  is mixed with food or drink to make it more acceptable. In dementia, patients suffer from memory loss and can have impaired decision-making skills. As a result, their capacity to consent to<unk>  is impaired. In these cases<unk>  may need to be<unk> ly administered, as is the case in nursing homes. Impaired capacity is also seen in patients with intellectual disability. These patients may exhibit behaviours that challenge or symptoms of mental ill health, for which<unk>  is needed to reduce risk of harm to self or others.<unk>  is<unk> ly given with respect to best interest when these patients refuse treatment. Patients with mental health disorders, such as schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder, may lack insight into their mental health symptoms. They refuse<unk>  due to the belief it is not needed.
Covert medication
Sleep medicine
Oral medicine
Antimanic drugs
Heroic medicine
Sleep hygiene
Euthanasia device
Disaster medicine