<unk>  (PEM), sometimes called<unk><unk>  undernutrition (PEU), is a form of<unk>  that is defined as a range of conditions arising from coincident lack of dietary<unk>  and/or<unk>  (calories) in varying proportions. The condition has mild, moderate, and severe degrees. Disability-adjusted life year for<unk>  per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004. Types include: * Kwashiorkor<unk><unk>  predominant) * Marasmus (deficiency in calorie intake) * Marasmic kwashiorkor (marked<unk>  deficiency and marked calorie insufficiency signs present, sometimes referred to as the most severe form of<unk>  PEM is fairly common worldwide in both children and adults and accounts for about 250 000 deaths annually. In the industrialized world, PEM is predominantly seen in hospitals, is associated with disease, or is often found in the elderly. Note that PEM may be secondary to other conditions such as chronic renal disease or cancer cachexia in which<unk><unk>  wasting may occur.<unk>  affects children the most because they have less<unk>  intake. The few rare cases found in the developed world are almost entirely found in small children as a result of fad diets, or ignorance of the nutritional needs of children, particularly in cases of milk allergy.
Protein–energy malnutrition
Malnutrition
Overnutrition
Fructose malabsorption
Protein poisoning
Glucose-galactose malabsorption
Bile acid malabsorption
Starvation