In patients on long-term hemodialysis, it can aggregate into amyloid fibers that deposit in joint spaces, a disease, known as dialysis-related amyloidosis. Low levels of β2<unk>  can indicate non-progression of HIV. Levels of β2<unk>  can be elevated in multiple myeloma and lymphoma, though in these cases primary amyloidosis (amyloid light chain) and secondary amyloidosis (amyloid associated protein) are more common. The normal value of β2<unk>  is 2<unk>  may also be at the other end of the spectrum. Diagnostic testing for multiple myeloma includes obtaining the β2<unk>  level, for this level is an important prognostic indicator. , a patient with a level 4 mg/L has a median survival of only 12 months. β2<unk>  levels cannot, however, distinguish between monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), which has a better prognosis, and smouldering (low grade) myeloma. Loss-of-function mutations in this gene have been reported in cancer patients unresponsive to immunotherapies.
Beta-2 microglobulin
Bence Jones protein
Alpha-1 antitrypsin
Gamma globulin
Beta-2 transferrin
Neutrophil extracellular traps
Uric acid
Acute-phase protein