<unk> s will show relatively well-preserved auditory comprehension, which may even be completely functional. All cases are individualized and unique to their own extent. Speech production will be fluent, grammatically, and syntactically correct. Intonation and articulation will also be maintained. Speech often contains some paraphasic errors: phonemes and syllables will be dropped or transposed (e.g., "snowball" → "snowall", "television" → "vellitision", "ninety-five percent" → "ninety-twenty percent"). The hallmark deficit of this disorder, however, is in repetition. Aphasic people will show an inability to repeat words or sentences when asked by an examiner. After saying a sentence to a person with<unk> , he or she will be able to paraphrase the sentence accurately but will not be able to repeat it. This is possibly because their "motor speech error processing is disrupted by inaccurate forward predictions, or because detected errors are not translated into corrective commands due to damage to the auditory-motor interface". When prompted to repeat words, the person will be unable to do so, and produce many paraphasic errors. For example, when prompted with "bagger", a person may respond with, "gabber". Recent summaries about the syndrome show similarities between defective speech and writing and their relatively good comprehension. The sudden speech of a<unk>  is fluent, yet it is lengthy and inadequately structured. Aphasic people have difficulty in finding words appropriate to context and in accurately pronouncing a word. Aphasic errors in naming, reading aloud, and repeating are recognized. Individuals with<unk>  are able to express themselves fairly well, with some word finding and functional comprehension difficulty. Although people with aphasia may be able to express themselves fairly well, they tend to have issues repeating phrases, especially phrases that are long and complex. During an assessment of aphasia, the clinician usually examine the person's verbal fluency, comprehension, repetition, reading, writing, and naming. When asked to repeat something, the person will be unable to do so without significant difficulty, repeatedly attempting to self-correct (conduite d'approche). However, aphasics recognize their errors and will repetitively try to correct them. Typically, an aphasic will make multiple attempts correcting errors until they are correct. This recognition is due to preserved auditory error detection mechanisms. Errors frequently fit a pattern of incorrect approximations. These common errors typically occur in morphemes that a) share one or more similarly located phonemes but b) differ in at least one aspect that makes the substituted morpheme(s) semantically distinct. This repetitive effort to approximate the appropriate word or phrase is known as conduite d’approche. Repetitive self correction is commonly used by Aphasic people of<unk> . Due to their relatively preserved auditory comprehension,<unk> s are capable of accurately monitoring, and attempting to correct, their own errors in speech output. For example, when prompted to repeat "Rosenkranz", a German-speaking aphasic may respond with, "rosenbrau... rosenbrauch... rosengrau... bro... grosenbrau... grossenlau, rosenkranz,... kranz... rosenkranz".<unk>  is a mild language disability, and most people return to their normal lives. Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia are commonly caused by middle cerebral artery strokes. Symptoms of<unk> , as with other aphasias, can be transient, sometimes lasting only several hours or a few days. As aphasia's and other language disorders are frequently due to stroke, their symptoms can change and evolve over time, or simply disappear. If the cause is a stroke, people can make a good recovery but may have persistent deficits. This is because the healing in the brain after inflammation or hemorrhage, leads to decreased local impairment. Furthermore, the plasticity of the brain may allow the recruitment of new pathways to restore lost function. For example, the right hemisphere speech systems may learn to correct for left-hemisphere damage. However, chronic<unk>  is possible, without transformation to other aphasias. These people show prolonged, profound deficits in repetition, frequent phonemic paraphasias, and repetitive self-correction during spontaneous speech.
Conduction aphasia
Jargon aphasia
Transcortical motor aphasia
Global aphasia
Mixed transcortical aphasia
Transcortical sensory aphasia
Logopenic progressive aphasia
Expressive aphasia