<unk>  is said to be most common in people aged between 15 and 24 years, according to Moreira 2009. However, this particular study of 7275 college students in England collected no comparative data from other age groups or countries. Causes of<unk>  are complex and are likely the combination of many factors, from coping with stress to childhood development. The US Department of Health & Human Services identifies several factors influencing adolescent<unk>  use, such as risk-taking, expectancies, sensitivity and tolerance, personality and psychiatric comorbidity, hereditary factors, and environmental aspects. Studies show that child maltreatment such as neglect, physical, and/or sexual<unk> , as well as having parents with<unk>  problems, increases the likelihood of that child developing<unk>  use disorders later in life. According to Shin, Edwards, Heeren, & Amodeo (2009), underage drinking is more prevalent among teens that experienced multiple types of childhood maltreatment regardless of parental<unk> , putting them at a greater risk for<unk>  use disorders. Genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of<unk>  use disorders, depending on age. The influence of genetic risk factors in developing<unk>  use disorders increase with age ranging from 28% in adolescence and 58% in adults.
Alcohol abuse
Alcoholism
Alcohol dependence
Alcohol intolerance
Recreational drug use
Polysubstance use
Drug use
Childhood trauma