TNF-α monoclonal antibody infliximab is a major<unk><unk><unk> , the use of medications called biopharmaceuticals or biologics that are tailored to specifically target an immune or genetic mediator of<unk> , plays a major role in the treatment of<unk><unk><unk> . Even for<unk> s of unknown cause, molecules that are involved in the<unk>  process have been identified, and can be targeted for<unk><unk> . Many of these molecules, which are mainly cytokines, are directly involved in the immune system.<unk><unk>  has found a niche in the management of cancer, autoimmune<unk> s, and<unk> s of unknown cause that result in symptoms due to immune related mechanisms.<unk><unk><unk>  (IBD), a collection of systemic<unk> s involving inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, includes two (or three)<unk> s of unknown causation: ulcerative colitis, which affects only the large<unk> ; Crohn's<unk> , which can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract; and indeterminate colitis, which consists of large<unk>  inflammation that shows elements of both Crohn's<unk>  and ulcerative colitis. Although the causes of these<unk> s are unknown, genetic, environmental, immune, and other mechanisms have been proposed. Of these, the immune system plays a large role in the development of symptoms. Given this, a variety of<unk> <unk> es (such as TNF inhibitors and interleukin antagonists) have been developed for the treatment of these<unk> s. Although the use of antibodies to treat<unk> s can be dated back to the 1800s, biologic<unk>  as we know it today is a relatively new concept for the treatment of<unk><unk><unk> . The previous treatment options had many shortcomings, and the introduction of<unk><unk>  changed the way physicians treat Crohn's<unk>  and ulcerative colitis. Even so, biologic<unk>  still has its faults such as high cost and risk of side effects. A lot of research is being done in fields like biosimilars and oral delivery to address these concerns.
Biological therapy for inflammatory bowel disease
Management of ulcerative colitis
Drugs for acid-related disorders
Biologics for immunosuppression
Vegetarian nutrition
Specific carbohydrate diet
Low-fiber/low-residue diet
Low-carbohydrate diet