Malleable<unk>  Comparison of<unk> s (inflated cylinder diameter and length)<unk>  pump design comparison The malleable (also known as non-inflatable or semi-rigid)<unk>  prosthesis is a set of a pair of rods<unk> ed into the corpora of the penis. The rods are hard, but 'malleable' in the sense that they can be adjusted manually into the erect position. There are two types of malleable<unk> s: one that is made of silicone and does not have a rod inside, also called soft<unk> s, and another with a silver or steel spiral wire core inside coated with silicone. Some of the models have trimmable tails intended for length adjustment. Currently, a variety of malleable<unk> s are available worldwide. Inflatable<unk>  The inflatable<unk>  (IPP), more recently developed, is a set of inflatable cylinders and a pump system. Based on the differences in structure, there are two types of inflatable<unk> s: two-piece and three-piece IPPs. Both types of inflatable devices are filled with sterile saline solution which is pumped into cylinders when in process. The cylinders are<unk> ed into the cavernous body of the penis. The pump system is attached to the cylinders and placed in the scrotum. Three-piece<unk> s have a separate large reservoir connected to the pump. The reservoir is commonly placed in the retropubic space (Retzius' space), however other locations have also been described, such as between the transverse muscle and rectus muscle. Three-piece<unk> s provide more desirable rigidity and girth of the penis resembling natural erection. Additionally, due to the presence of a large reservoir, three-piece<unk> s provide full flaccidity of the penis when deflated, thus bringing more comfort than two-piece inflatable and malleable<unk> s. The saline solution is pumped manually from the reservoir into bilateral chambers of cylinders<unk> ed in the shaft of the penis, which replaces the non- or minimally-functioning erectile tissue. This produces an erection. The glans of the penis, however, remains unaffected. Ninety to ninety-five percent of inflatable prostheses produce erections suitable for sexual intercourse. In the United States, the inflatable prosthesis has largely replaced the malleable one, due to its lower rate of infections, high device survival rate and 80–90% satisfaction rate. The first IPP prototype presented in 1975 by Scott and colleagues was a three-piece prosthesis (two cylinders, two pumps and a fluid reservoir). Since then, the IPP has undergone multiple modifications and improvements for device reliability and durability, including change in the chemical material used in<unk>  manufacturing, using hydrophilic and antibiotic eluting coatings to reduce the rates of infections, introducing one-touch release etc. Surgical techniques used for the<unk> ation of<unk>  prostheses have also improved along with evolution of the device. Inflatable<unk> s were one of the first interventions in urology where the "no-touch" surgical technique was introduced. This has significantly reduced the rates of post-operative infections.
Penile implant
Genitoplasty
Vaginoplasty
Penis transplantation
Penile subincision
Genital reconstructive surgery
Otoplasty
Penoscrotal transposition