In a small retrospective study of 25 pregnancies five factors were found to be strongly associated with a prenatal diagnosis of<unk> : * Inability to visualize the<unk>  on ultrasound * A lower abdominal bulge * A small penis with anteriorly displaced scrotum * A low set umbilical insertion * Abnormal widening of the iliac crests While a diagnosis of<unk>  was made retrospectively in a majority of pregnancies, in only three cases was a prenatal diagnosis made.
Bladder exstrophy
Cloacal exstrophy
Hypospadias
Omphalocele
Rectocele
Choanal atresia
Gastroschisis
Imperforate anus