The first test for diagnosis<unk>  involves looking at a small sample of blood under a microscope.<unk>  is suggested by the presence of red blood cells that contain nuclei or are teardrop-shaped (dacryocytes), or immature granulocyte precursor cells which indicates leukoerythroblastosis is occurring because the displaced hematopoietic cells begin to undergo extramedullary hematopoiesis. These immature granulocytes are seen in peripheral blood smears. Diagnosis is confirmed when a bone marrow biopsy demonstrates significant replacement of the normal bone marrow compartment by fibrosis, malignancy or other infiltrative process. The presence of immature blood cell precursors helps distinguish another cause of pancytopenia, aplastic<unk> , from<unk>  because in aplastic<unk>  the hematopoietic cells are damaged and immature blood cells are not seen in the peripheral blood. There may be evidence of extramedullary hematopoiesis (marrow elements can be found in the spleen, liver).
Myelophthisic anemia
Sideroblastic anemia
Myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome
Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts
Refractory anemia with excess of blasts
Aplastic anemia
Hereditary elliptocytosis
Hemoglobinemia