Poster against<unk>  in Bolgatanga, Ghana There exist several strategies that are being used to attempt to prevent or reduce<unk> . It is important to assess the effectiveness of a strategy that is being implemented. The Welsh Government's campaign to change attitudes about<unk>  abuse; a short TV advertisement Reforming the legislation in order to ensure that<unk>  falls under the scope of the law is important. This may imply repealing existing laws which discriminate against women: according to the WHO, "when the law allows husbands to physically discipline wives, implementing a programme to prevent intimate partner<unk>  may have little impact". Marriage laws are also important; "women should also be able to enter freely into a marriage or to leave it, to obtain financial credit, and to own and administer property." Abolishing or restricting the offering and receiving of dowry and bride price and scrutinizing the impact of these transactions on the legislative decisions regarding<unk>  is also important. UN Women has stated that the legislation should ensure that "a perpetrator of<unk> , including marital rape, cannot use the fact that he paid bride price as a defence to a<unk>  charge". Gender norms that promote the inferiority of women may lead to the abuse of women by intimate partners. The WHO writes that, "Dismantling hierarchical constructions of masculinity and femininity predicated on the control of women, and eliminating the structural factors that support inequalities are likely to make a significant contribution to preventing intimate partner and sexual<unk> ". According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "A key strategy in preventing<unk>  is the promotion of respectful, nonviolent relationships through individual, community, and societal level change." Early intervention programs, such as school-based programs to prevent dating<unk>  are also effective. Children who grow up in violent homes may be led to believe that such behavior is a normal part of life, therefore it is important to challenge such attitudes when they are present among these children. The UN Sustainable Development Goal 16 has a target to end all forms of<unk>  including<unk>  through global advocacy and demand for effective institutions. The joint UN-EU Spotlight initiative was launched in 2016 to advance this goal worldwide with focus on developing countries and regions. The Spotlight Initiative is embraced by all implementing partners as critical to economic and political progress in both the implementing and targeted societies.
Domestic violence
Sexual violence
Physical abuse
Psychological abuse
Childhood trauma
Child abuse
Intimate partner violence
Botanical sexism