<unk>  is poisoning from<unk> , characteristically via ingestion. Symptoms may include a decreased level of consciousness, poor or no coordination, vomiting, abdominal pain, and a specific smell on the breath. Decreased vision may start as early as twelve hours after exposure. Long-term outcomes may include blindness and kidney failure.<unk>  and death may occur even after drinking a small amount.<unk>  poisoning most commonly occurs following the drinking of windshield washer fluid. This may be accidental or as part of an attempted suicide.<unk>  may also rarely occur through extensive skin exposure or breathing in fumes. When<unk>  is broken down by the body it results in formaldehyde, formic acid, and formate which cause much of the<unk> . The diagnosis may be suspected when there is acidosis or an increased osmol gap and confirmed by directly measuring blood levels. Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include infections, exposure to other toxic alcohols, serotonin syndrome, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Early treatment increases the chance of a good outcome. Treatment consists of stabilizing the person, followed by the use of an antidote. The preferred antidote is fomepizole, with<unk>  used if this is not available. Hemodialysis may also be used in those where there is organ damage or a high degree of acidosis. Other treatments may include sodium bicarbonate, folate, and thiamine. Outbreaks of<unk>  ingestion have occurred due to contamination of drinking alcohol. This is more common in the developing world. In 2013 more than 1700 cases occurred in the United States. Those affected are usually adult and male.<unk>  to<unk>  has been described as early as 1856.
Methanol toxicity
Toxic alcohol
Tin poisoning
Infection
Sulfuric acid poisoning
Serotonin syndrome
Hydrocarbon poisoning
Diabetic ketoacidosis