<unk>  or<unk>  T<unk><unk><unk>  of the GI<unk>  (ITCLD-GT) is a rare and recently recognized<unk>  in which mature T<unk>  lymphocytes accumulation abnormally in the<unk><unk>  (GI<unk> . This accumulation causes various lesions (e.g. polyps, thickened mucosal folds, small areas of redness, and superficial ulcerations) in the mucosal layer lining the GI<unk> . Individuals with ITCLD-GT commonly complain of chronic GI<unk>  symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding. Carbonnell et al. first described a case of an<unk>  GI<unk>  lymphoproliferation<unk>  in 1994 and defined the lymphocytes involved in it to be T<unk> s expressing the CD4 glycoprotein on their surface membranes. Subsequent studies reported on patients who had a similar<unk>  GI<unk> <unk>  that involved T<unk> s which expressed either the CD4, CD8, or neither surface membrane glycoprotein. The<unk>  resembled certain aggressive GI<unk>  lymphomas and was variably termed<unk>  lymphoma or<unk> . However, the disease differed from the aggressive lymphomas which it mimicked in having a prolonged and usually non-progressive course. Furthermore, the<unk> 's lesions consisted of normal-appearing T<unk> s that proliferated very slowly and usually caused little or no tissue destruction. In 2017, the World Health Organization provisionally classified ITCLD-GT as an extranodal (i.e. usually not involving lymph nodes),<unk><unk>  in which various subtypes of T<unk> s proliferate in the GI<unk> . While usually acting like a benign disease, ITCLD-GT has malignant features: 1) its normal-appearing T<unk> s are clonal in nature, i.e. descended from a single<unk> ; 2) these T<unk> s may contain genetic abnormalities that are known to occur in and contribute to the development of very aggressive lymphomas; and 3) ITCLD-GI, after many years of<unk>  behavior, may progress to an aggressive lymphoma. Thus, ITCLD-GT can act as a premalignat<unk> . Nonetheless, most cases of it run an<unk> , non-malignant course and when mistakenly treated as an aggressive lymphoma, do not responded to standard chemotherapy treatments. The<unk>  has also been mistaken for, and found unresponsive to therapies that treat inflammatory or autoimmune bowel diseases. Clinically, ITCLD-GT must be distinguished from the malignant, inflammatory, and autoimmune bowel diseases that it mimics in order to avoid useless and potentially harmful therapies.
Indolent T cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract
Foreign body in alimentary tract
Effects of parasitic worms on the immune system
Small intestine neuroendocrine tumor
Autoimmune gastrointestinal dysmotility
Multifocal stenosing ulceration of the small intestine
Gastric antral vascular ectasia
Cystic lesions of the pancreas