<unk>  is recognized in the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which also added<unk>  withdrawal as a new condition. In the 2013 revision for the DSM-5, DSM-IV abuse and dependence were combined into<unk> . The legal problems criterion (from<unk>  abuse) has been removed, and the craving criterion was newly added, resulting in a total of eleven criteria: hazardous use, social/interpersonal problems, neglected major roles, withdrawal, tolerance, used larger amounts/longer, repeated attempts to quit/control use, much time spent using, physical/psychological problems related to use, activities given up and craving. For a diagnosis of DSM-5<unk> , at least two of these criteria need to be present in the last twelve-month period. Additionally, three severity levels have been defined: mild (two or three criteria), moderate (four or five criteria) and severe (six or more criteria)<unk> .<unk>  is also recognized in the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), adding more subdivisions including time intervals of pattern of use (episodic, continuous, or unspecified) and dependence (current, early full remission, sustained partial remission, sustained full remission, or unspecified) compared to the 10th revision. A 2019 meta-analysis found that 34% of people with<unk> -induced psychosis transitioned to schizophrenia. This was found to be comparatively higher than hallucinogens (26%) and amphetamines (22%). To screen for<unk> -related problems, several methods are used. Scales specific to<unk> , which provides the benefit of being cost efficient compared to extensive diagnostic interviews, include the<unk>  Abuse Screening Test (CAST),<unk>  Use Identification Test (CUDIT), and<unk>  Use Problems Identification Test (CUPIT). Scales for general drug use disorders are also used, including the Severity Dependence Scale (SDS), Drug Use Disorder Identification Test (DUDIT), and Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). However, there are no gold standard and both older and newer scales are still in use. To quantify<unk>  use, methods such as Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) and<unk>  Use Daily (CUD) are used. These methods measure general consumption and not grams of psychoactive substance as the concentration of THC may vary among drug users.
Cannabis use disorder
Benzodiazepine use disorder
Stimulant use disorder
Opioid use disorder
Amphetamine dependence
Benzodiazepine dependence
Polysubstance dependence
Substance dependence