Macrocephaly Macrocephaly is a term used to refer to a person who has an abnormally large head. The circumference of the head must be above the 95th percentile or at least 2.5 standard deviations from the mean of normal weight and gender groups in the United States. A person with macrocephaly does not necessarily indicate that<unk>  is also present. Large skulls usually exhibit no neurodevelopment conditions at all, meaning most individuals with macrocephaly are healthy. Hemimegalencephaly Left-sided hemimegalencephaly in a person with neurofibromatosis Hemimegalencephaly is an extremely rare form of macrocephaly and is characterized by uneven development of brain hemispheres (one-half of brain is larger than other). The syndrome can be presented by itself or in association with phakomatosis or hemigigantism. Additionally, hemimegalencephaly will frequently cause severe epilepsy, focal neuro-logical deficits, macrocrania, and mild to severe mental retardation. MCAP<unk> -capillary (MCAP) is one of the two major syndromes of<unk> . Typically, MCAP and MPPH can be distinguished by somatic features. MCAP includes many characteristics that are observed at birth including: cutaneous vascular malformations, especially capillary malformations of the face and cutis marmorata, polydactyly, connective tissue dysplasia, and focal or segmental body overgrowth. Furthermore, MCAP can occasionally be linked with asymmetric brain overgrowth (hemimegalencephaly) as well as segmental overgrowth of the body (hemihypertrophy). MPPH<unk> -polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus (MPPH) is one of the two major syndromes contributing to<unk> . Typically MCAP and MPPH can be distinguished by somatic features. In differentiation to MCAP, MPPH lacks consistent somatic features other than postaxial polydactyly. Furthermore, brain and body development is normally symmetric in the majority of patients that appear to have MPPH symptoms.
Megalencephaly
Schizencephaly
Hemihydranencephaly
Microhydranencephaly
Hydranencephaly
Holoprosencephaly
Lissencephaly
Microlissencephaly