<unk> , sold under the brand name<unk> okyn among others, is a type of<unk> orphine having activity as a non-selective dopamine agonist which activates both D2-like and, to a much lesser extent, D1-like receptors. It also acts as an antagonist of 5-HT2 and α-adrenergic receptors with high affinity. The compound is historically a morphine decomposition product made by boiling morphine with concentrated acid, hence the -morphine suffix. Contrary to its name,<unk>  does not actually contain morphine or its skeleton, nor does it bind to opioid receptors. The<unk> o- prefix relates to it being a morphine derivative ("comes from morphine"). Historically,<unk>  has been tried for a variety of uses, including as a way to relieve anxiety and craving in alcoholics, an emetic (to induce vomiting), for treating stereotypies (repeated behaviour) in farmyard animals, and more recently in treating erectile dysfunction. Currently,<unk>  is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It is a potent emetic and should not be administered without an antiemetic such as domperidone. The emetic properties of<unk>  are exploited in veterinary medicine to induce therapeutic emesis in canines that have recently ingested toxic or foreign substances.<unk>  was also used as a private treatment of heroin addiction, a purpose for which it was championed by the author William S. Burroughs. Burroughs and others claimed that it was a "metabolic regulator" with a restorative dimension to a damaged or dysfunctional dopaminergic system. Despite anecdotal evidence that this offers a plausible route to an abstinence-based mode, no clinical trials have ever tested this hypothesis. A recent study indicates that<unk>  might be a suitable marker for assessing central dopamine system alterations associated with chronic heroin consumption. There is, however, no clinical evidence that<unk>  is an effective and safe treatment regimen for opiate addiction.
Apomorphine
Desomorphine
Tripelennamine
Droperidol
Tropisetron
Amfepramone
Benzatropine
Bremazocine