<unk>  <unk>  is a technique used to monitor contacts between the tongue and hard palate, particularly during articulation and speech. A custom-made artificial palate is moulded to fit against a speaker's hard palate. The artificial palate contains electrodes exposed to the lingual surface. When contact occurs between the tongue surface and any of the electrodes, particularly between the lateral margins of the tongue and the borders of the hard palate, electronic signals are sent to an external processing unit.<unk>  provides dynamic real-time visual feedback of the location and timing of tongue contacts with the hard palate. This procedure can record details of tongue activity during speech. It can provide direct articulatory information that children can use in therapy to monitor and improve their articulation patterns. Visual feedback is very important in the success of treating deaf children. History== Fig.1 Example of Electropalate<unk>  was originally conceptualized and developed as a tool for phonetics research to improve upon traditional palatography methods. Both military and academic language researchers used early<unk>  tools to obtain accurate information regarding tongue-to-palate contact in a number of foreign languages. Early<unk>  devices used direct current electricity to power the sensors, which were activated by moisture sensors on mouthpieces. Mouthpieces (electropalates) originally closely resembled modern dental impression plates. Mouthpieces became more customized over time, which allowed for more accurate research. Fig. 1 shows a typical electropalate from the Reading system.<unk>  added significant insight into academic understanding of articulatory phonetics. In the 1960s and 1970s a number of independent individuals and companies recognized<unk> 's potential for pedagogical and therapeutic applications. Despite the multiple attempts to reverse engineer<unk>  tools for speech therapy, most companies failed to commercialize<unk>  effectively.<unk>  tools remain fairly expensive tools for speech therapy and phonetics research, though the information they provide are difficult to obtain using other methods of visual feedback of articulation.
Electropalatography
Microperimetry
Optomyography
Pelvimetry
Biodosimetry
Pyelogram
Dosimetry
String galvanometer