<unk>  can be divided into two categories: acute<unk>  or chronic<unk> . The type of renal failure is differentiated by the trend in the serum creatinine; other factors that may help differentiate acute<unk>  from chronic<unk>  include anemia and the<unk>  size on sonography as chronic<unk>  disease generally leads to anemia and small<unk>  size. Acute<unk>  Acute<unk>  injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), is a rapidly progressive loss of renal function, generally characterized by oliguria (decreased urine production, quantified as less than 400 mL per day in adults, less than 0.5 mL/kg/h in children or less than 1 mL/kg/h in infants); and fluid and electrolyte imbalance. AKI can result from a variety of causes, generally classified as prerenal, intrinsic, and postrenal. Many people diagnosed with paraquat intoxication experience AKI, sometimes requiring hemodialysis. The underlying cause must be identified and treated to arrest the progress, and dialysis may be necessary to bridge the time gap required for treating these fundamental causes. Chronic<unk>  Illustration of a<unk>  from a person with chronic renal failure Chronic<unk>  disease (CKD) can also develop slowly and, initially, show few symptoms. CKD can be the long term consequence of irreversible acute disease or part of a disease progression. Acute-on-chronic<unk>  Acute<unk>  injuries can be present on top of chronic<unk>  disease, a condition called acute-on-chronic<unk>  (AoCRF). The acute part of AoCRF may be reversible, and the goal of treatment, as with AKI, is to return the person to baseline<unk>  function, typically measured by serum creatinine. Like AKI, AoCRF can be difficult to distinguish from chronic<unk>  disease if the person has not been monitored by a physician and no baseline (i.e., past) blood work is available for comparison.
Kidney failure
Heart failure
Liver failure
Hypermagnesemia
Pulmonary toxicity
Hepatotoxicity
Acute liver failure
Neurotoxicity