Concern with use include: pain, agitation, and pressure ulcers. A systematic review found cervical collar related skin ulcers from the devices in 7 to 38%. If a longboard is used, cushioning it is useful to decrease discomfort due to pressure. A vacuum mattress and scoop board typically results in lower pressures.
Spinal precautions
Spinal manipulation
Epidural steroid injection
Spinal decompression
Spinal mobilization
Craniosacral therapy
Luteal support
Paracervical block