A<unk> al<unk>  can be a temporary or permanent effect that is considered a<unk>  in an individual's<unk>  when compared to previous<unk> . It is sometimes considered a mental disorder, yet it is also a strategy used to improve such disorders. This<unk>  is generally characterized by<unk> s in thinking, interpretations, emotions, or relationships. These<unk> s can be either good or bad, depending on which<unk>  is being affected. Often, it takes much more work to<unk> <unk>  for the better than it does to experience a negative<unk> . Medications can cause this<unk>  as a side effect. The interaction between physiological processes and their effect on individual<unk>  is the basis of psychophysiology. Several theories exist as to why and how<unk> al<unk>  can be affected, including<unk> ism, Self-efficacy theory, and the stages of<unk>  model.<unk> al<unk>  can be very beneficial to an individual. Two such theories on the subject include<unk>  modification theory and cognitive<unk> al theory. Both of these seek to help a patient engage in a positive<unk> al<unk> . Both legal and illegal drugs have been shown to alter<unk> , both acutely and chronically. In both cases, following common sense harm reduction strategies can potentially reduce these side-effects. With mental illness,<unk> al<unk>  is a menace, with drugs it is expected, and with the right techniques it can be a method to improve quality of life. In recent decades there has been an increased knowledge of common causes of these<unk> s, such as mental illness and drug use, while several psychological fields regarding the study of inducing beneficial<unk> s in individuals have been developed and applied, resulting in a variety of novel solutions.
Behavior change 
Social distancing
Harm avoidance
Peer support
External support
Therapeutic touch
Physical restraint
Reflective practice