The symptoms of the<unk>  are not clearly defined in medical literature; however, there are some defining features of the delusion: *The existence of the delusion, by definition, is not a widely accepted cultural belief. *The patient insists that the<unk> he/she sees is real even when presented with contradictory evidence. *Paranoia and/or spatial visualization ability impairments are present. Similarities to other disorders are often noted in literature. Prosopagnosia, or the inability to recognize faces, may be related to this disorder due to the similarity of symptoms.<unk><unk> <unk>  is also similar to delusional autoscopy, also known as an out-of-body experience, and therefore is occasionally referred to as an autoscopic type delusion. However,<unk><unk>  delusion differs from an autoscopic delusion: autoscopy often occurs during times of extreme stress, and can usually be treated by relieving the said stressor. The<unk>  is usually accompanied by another mental disorder or organic brain<unk> , and may appear during or after the onset of the other disorder. Often, co-occurrence of<unk><unk>  with other types of delusional misidentification<unk> s, especially Capgras<unk> , also occurs. Several variations of the<unk>  have been reported in literature: *The<unk>  may appear at different ages of oneself. *Some patients describe their<unk> as both a physically and psychologically identical copy, rather than a purely physical copy. This is also known as clonal pluralization of the self, another type of delusional misidentification<unk>  that may or may not be the same type of disorder (see #Controversy, below). In this case, depersonalization may be a symptom. *Reverse<unk><unk>  occurs when the patient believes his/her own self (either physical or mental) is being transformed into another person. (see the case of Mr. A in #Presentation) Presentation The following case describes a patient who was diagnosed with psychotic depression, bipolar disorder, and the<unk> : Taken from Kamanitz et al., 1989: The following case describes a patient who has been diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder along with multiple delusional misidentification<unk> s<unk><unk> , Capgras delusion, intermetamorphosis): Taken from Silva et al., 1994: The following case describes a patient who has been diagnosed with chronic paranoid schizophrenia and reverse<unk><unk> : Taken from Vasavada and Masand, 1992:
Syndrome of subjective doubles
Postorgasmic illness syndrome
Functional somatic syndrome
Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder
Vitreous touch syndrome
Nociplastic pain
Pseudobulbar affect
Feline hyperesthesia syndrome