Treatment is always necessary. The treatment for hydatidiform mole consists of the evacuation of pregnancy. Evacuation will lead to the relief of symptoms, and also prevent later complications. Suction curettage is the preferred method of evacuation. Hysterectomy is an alternative if no further pregnancies are wished for by the female patient. Hydatidiform mole also has successfully been treated with systemic (intravenous) methotrexate. The treatment for invasive mole or choriocarcinoma generally is the same. Both are usually treated with chemotherapy. Methotrexate and dactinomycin are among the chemotherapy drugs used in<unk> . In women with low risk<unk><unk>  neoplasia, a review has found that Actinomycin D is probably more effective as a treatment and more likely to achieve a cure in the first instance than methotrexate. Only a few women with<unk>  suffer from poor prognosis metastatic<unk> . Their treatment usually includes chemotherapy. Radiotherapy can also be given to places where the cancer has spread, e.g. the brain. Women who undergo chemotherapy are advised not to conceive for one year after completion of treatment. These women also are likely to have an earlier menopause. It has been estimated by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists that the age at menopause for women who receive single agent chemotherapy is advanced by 1 year, and by 3 years for women who receive multi agent chemotherapy. Follow up Follow up is necessary in all women with<unk> , because of the possibility of persistent<unk> , or because of the risk of developing malignant uterine invasion or malignant metastatic<unk>  even after treatment in some women with certain risk factors. The use of a reliable contraception method is very important during the entire follow up period, as patients are strongly advised against pregnancy at that time. If a reliable contraception method is not used during the follow-up, it could be initially unclear to clinicians as to whether a rising hCG level is caused by the patient becoming pregnant again, or by the continued presence of<unk> . In women who have a malignant form of<unk> , hCG concentrations stay the same (plateau) or they rise. Persistent elevation of serum hCG levels after a non molar pregnancy (i.e., normal pregnancy term pregnancy, or preterm pregnancy, or ectopic pregnancy pregnancy taking place in the wrong place, usually in the fallopian tube, or abortion) always indicate persistent<unk>  (very frequently due to choriocarcinoma or placental site<unk>  tumour), but this is not common, because treatment mostly is successful. In rare cases, a previous<unk>  may be reactivated after a subsequent pregnancy, even after several years. Therefore, the hCG tests should be performed also after any subsequent pregnancy in all women who had had a previous<unk>  (6 and 10 weeks after the end of any subsequent pregnancy).
Gestational trophoblastic disease
Forced pregnancy
Toxic abortion
Postpartum infections
Early pregnancy bleeding
After-birth abortion
Molar pregnancy
Puppy pregnancy syndrome