Medical therapy is commonly used, most typically with corticosteroids (budesonide and prednisone). However, some patients are refractory to corticosteroids, and in these patients immunosuppressive therapy with azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, cyclosporine and infliximab has been described. An intravenous nutrition such as total parenteral nutrition and/or a special diet may be necessary. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be curative.
Autoimmune enteropathy
Environmental enteropathy
Natural killer cell enteropathy
Tropical sprue
Congenital tufting enteropathy
Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome
Coeliac disease
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity