When breathing is paused, carbon dioxide builds up in the bloodstream. Chemoreceptors in the bloodstream note the high carbon dioxide levels. The brain is signaled to awaken the person, which clears the airway and allows breathing to resume. Breathing normally will restore oxygen levels and the person will fall asleep again. This carbon dioxide build-up may be due to the decrease of output of the brainstem regulating the chest wall or pharyngeal muscles, which causes the pharynx to collapse. People with<unk>  experience reduced or no slow-wave sleep and spend less time in REM sleep.
Sleep apnea
Insomnia
Central sleep apnea
Narcolepsy
Obstructive sleep apnea
Hyperventilation syndrome
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
Central hypoventilation syndrome