The sensation of<unk>  can arise from extra-systoles or tachyarrhythmia. It is very rarely noted due to bradycardia.<unk>  can be described in many ways. The most common descriptions include a flip-flopping in the chest, a rapid fluttering in the chest, or pounding in the neck. The description of the symptoms may provide a clue regarding the etiology of the<unk> , and the pathophysiology of each of these descriptions is thought to be different. In patients who describe the<unk>  as a brief flip-flopping in the chest, the<unk>  are thought to be caused by extra- systoles such as supraventricular or ventricular premature contractions. The flip-flop sensation is thought to result from the forceful contraction following the pause, and the sensation that the heart is stopped results from the pause. The sensation of rapid fluttering in the chest is thought to result from a sustained ventricular or supraventricular arrhythmia. Furthermore, the sudden cessation of this arrythmia can suggest paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. This is further supported if the patient can stop the<unk>  by using Valsalva maneuvers. The rhythm of the<unk>  may indicate the etiology of the<unk>  (irregular<unk>  indicate atrial fibrillation as a source of the<unk> . An irregular pounding sensation in the neck can be caused by the dissociation of mitral valve and tricuspid valve, and the subsequent atria are contracting against a closed tricuspid and mitral valves, thereby producing cannon A waves.<unk>  induced by exercise could be suggestive of cardiomyopathy, ischemia or channelopathies.
Palpitations
Tachycardia
Bradycardia
Hyperthymesia
Orthopnea
Chest pain
Apnea
Bigeminy