The partial<unk> of carbon dioxide, along with the pH, can be used to differentiate between metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis. Hypoventilation exists when the ratio of carbon dioxide production to alveolar ventilation increases above normal values – greater than 45mmHg. If pH is also less than 7.35 this is respiratory acidosis. Hyperventilation exists when the same ratio decreases – less than 35mmHg. If the pH is also greater than 7.45 this is respiratory alkalosis.
Pulmonary gas pressures
Pulmonary wedge pressure
Integrated pulmonary index
Transpulmonary pressure
Lung volumes
Oxygenation index
Fraction of inspired oxygen
Pulse oximetry