<unk>  is a form of encephalitis, a disease characterized by inflammation of the brain.<unk>  is caused by autoimmunity: an abnormal state where the body produces antibodies against itself. Some cases are associated with cancer and some are not. Although the disease is known as<unk> " encephalitis, it is seldom limited to the<unk>  system and post-mortem studies usually show involvement of other parts of the brain. The disease was first described by Brierley and others in 1960 as a series of three cases. The link to cancer was first noted in 1968 and confirmed by later investigators. The majority of cases of<unk>  are associated with a tumor (diagnosed or undiagnosed). In cases caused by tumor, recovery can only occur following complete removal of the tumor, which is not always possible.<unk>  is classified according to the auto-antibody that causes the disease. The most common types are: * Anti-Hu, which is associated with small-cell carcinoma of the lungs. * Anti-Ma2, associated with germ-cell tumours of the testis. * Anti-NMDAR, associated with tumors of the ovaries, commonly teratomata. Since 1999, following the publication of a case report of a 15-year-old teenager of Indian descent from South Africa who developed subacute memory loss subsequent to herpes simplex type 1 encephalitis, similar cases of non-paraneoplastic<unk>  have been described, as has its association with auto-antibodies and response to steroid.<unk>  associated with voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies (VGKC-Abs) may frequently be non-paraneoplastic. A recent study of 15 cases of<unk>  found raised VGKC-Abs associated with non-paraneoplastic disorders and remission following immunosuppressive treatment.
Limbic encephalitis
La Crosse encephalitis
Powassan encephalitis
Saint Louis encephalitis
Autoimmune encephalitis
Rasmussen's encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis
Viliuisk encephalomyelitis