Neurological imaging has shown that TMoA is typically caused by an infarct of the anterior superior frontal lobe in the perisylvian area of the left, or language-dominant, hemisphere. The anterior superior frontal lobe is known as the prefrontal cortex which is responsible for the initiation and ideation of verbal speech. The damage leaves the major language networks, Broca's and Wernicke’s areas and the arcuate fasiculus, unaffected. Brain injury can result from a stroke caused by left anterior cerebral artery (ACA) occlusion, brain tumors, traumatic brain injury (TBI), or progressive neurological disorders.
Transcortical motor aphasia
Transcortical sensory aphasia
Mixed transcortical aphasia
Logopenic progressive aphasia
Dissociated sensory loss
Conduction aphasia
Global aphasia
Jargon aphasia