The<unk>  may be adopted by people experiencing respiratory distress or who are simply out of breath. The<unk>  or orthopneic<unk>  is a physical stance often assumed by people experiencing respiratory distress (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or who are simply out of breath (such as a person who has just run a sprint). In<unk> , one sits or stands leaning forward and supporting the upper body with hands on the knees or on another surface. Among medical professionals, a patient adopting the<unk>  is considered an indication that the patient may be in respiratory distress. In the setting of chest pain without labored respirations, the<unk>  may indicate acute pericarditis. It has been thought that the<unk>  optimizes the mechanics of respiration by taking advantage of the accessory muscles of the neck and upper chest to get more air into the lungs. With the<unk>  of the arms secure, contraction of the pectoralis results in elevation of the anterior wall of the chest. Patients who are suffering from breathing difficulties may be placed in this<unk>  by nurses; the patient sits at the side of the bed with head resting on an over-bed table on top of several pillows.
Tripod position
Sims' position
Knee-chest position
Prone position
Lloyd-Davies position
Arm recoil
Rose position
Squatting position