Surgery combined with itraconazole may be given for up to year when the grains are black. Posaconazole is another option. Voriconazole can be used for infections caused by Fusarium species. Ketoconazole has been used to treat<unk>  but has many side effects. Actinomycetes usually respond well to medical treatment, but eukaryotic infections are generally resistant and may require surgical interventions including salvage procedures as bone resection or even the more radical amputation.
Eumycetoma
Mycetoma
Littoral cell angioma
Adenoacanthoma
Hamartoma
Nesidioblastoma
Neural fibrolipoma
Esthesioneuroblastoma