Fragment of the outer edge zone of tuberculosis<unk>  granuloma. In the lower part – a layer of<unk> s, in which Langhans giant cell begins to form, as a result of the fusion of<unk> s. In it, we can notice the division of the cell nucleus of<unk> s, from which smaller nucleus are formed. Single pycnotic and apoptotically altered macrophages are found among<unk> s. Above the zone of<unk> s is a layer of fibroblasts that form a kind of “capsule”. In the upper part – a layer of cells consisting of lymphocytes. The video shows the result of optical scanning (when using Phase-contrast microscopy) when changing the depth of field.<unk> s are an essential characteristic of<unk>  granulomas.<unk>  granuloma can be defined as specifically and structurally organized collection of<unk> s, macrophages, lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Foreign-body granulomas may be considered an organized collection of macrophages, including mere collections of giant cells surrounding inert substances like suture material – the so-called "non-immune granulomas." Granuloma formation is associated with pathogens that have learned to evade the host immune system by various means like resisting phagocytosis and killing within the macrophages. Indigestibility of matter by macrophages is a common feature of granulomatous inflammation. Granulomas try to wall off these organisms and prevent their further growth and spread. Historically widespread and destructive diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy and syphilis are granulomatous conditions. Granuloma formation is also the feature of many more contemporary conditions, like fungal infections, sarcoidosis and Crohn's disease.
Epithelioid cell
Nevus cell
Signet ring cell
Langhans giant cell
Touton giant cell
Koilocyte
Hürthle cell
Muse cell