The true incidence and prevalence of<unk>  may be higher than appears.<unk>  is rare, affecting fewer than 1.7 people per million population each year in San Francisco. It is around 80 times more prevalent in India, where it is estimated that there are around 0.14 cases per 1000 population, and where its incidence has been rising. Causative fungi are highly dependent on location. Apophysomyces variabilis has its highest prevalence in Asia and Lichtheimia spp. in Europe. It is the third most common serious fungal infection to infect people, after aspergillosis and candidiasis. Diabetes is the main underlying disease in low and middle-income countries, whereas, blood cancers and organ transplantation are the more common underlying problems in developed countries. As new immunomodulating drugs and diagnostic tests are developed, the statistics for<unk>  have been changing. In addition, the figures change as new genera and species are identified, and new risk factors reported such as tuberculosis and kidney problems. COVID-19–associated<unk>  During the COVID-19 pandemic in India, the Indian government reported that more than 11,700 people were receiving care for<unk>  as of 25 May 2021. Many Indian media outlets called it "black fungus" because of the black discoloration of dead and dying tissue the fungus causes. Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, rates of<unk>  in India were estimated to be about 70 times higher than in the rest of the world. Due to its rapidly growing number of cases some Indian state governments have declared it an epidemic. One treatment was a daily injection for eight weeks of anti-fungal intravenous injection of amphotericin B which was in short supply. The injection could be standard amphotericin B deoxycholate or the liposomal form. The liposomal form cost more but it was considered "safer, more effective and with lesser side effects".§ The major obstacle of using antifungal drugs in black fungus is the lack of clinical trials. Recurrence of<unk>  during COVID-19 second wave in India Pre-COVID<unk>  was a very rare infection even in India. They are so rare that an ENT doctor would have been considered lucky if they witnessed a case during their University time. So, the documentation available on the treatment of<unk>  is limited. In fact, there used to be a couple of<unk>  expert ENT surgeons for millions of people pre-pandemic. The sudden rise in<unk>  cases has left a majority of the ENT doctors with no option but to accept<unk>  cases as the expert doctors were very much occupied and the patient would die if left untreated. The majority of the ENT doctors had to manage with minimal or no experience on<unk> , this has led to the recurrence of<unk>  in the patients they treated. When a highly experienced doctor in<unk>  treats a patient even he cannot guarantee that the individual is completely cured and won't have a relapse of<unk> , an inexperienced ENT surgeon will definitely have a high number of patients with recurrence due to which there were many recurrent cases of<unk>  although it didn't get the limelight of media or the Indian Government.
Mucormycosis
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Chromoblastomycosis
Aspergillosis
Basidiobolomycosis
Orbital cellulitis
Entomophthoramycosis
Talaromycosis