A pug experiencing<unk> <unk> , also known as inspiratory paroxysmal respiration, is a clinical event that occurs in dogs. It is possibly caused by a muscle spasm at the back of the dog’s mouth, more specifically where the muscle and throat meet. Other hypotheses state that it occurs when the dog’s soft palate gets irritated. The irritation causes spasms in the soft palate muscle thus narrowing the trachea. Because the trachea is narrowed, the dog isn’t able to inhale a full breath of air, resulting in forceful attempts to inhale through their nose. This causes the dog to experience<unk> . The clinical symptoms seem to occur more in brachycephalic dog breeds such as Boxer, English- and French bulldogs. The specific cause of<unk>  is unknown but there could be a link between nasal, pharyngeal or sinus irritation which increases the production of mucus. In attempt to remove this excess mucus,<unk>  can be observed. Another hypothesis is based on the overexcitement of the dog which might cause<unk> .<unk>  might also be caused by a previous diagnosis such as tracheal collapse. During an episode of<unk> , symptoms such as sudden, involuntary respiratory reflex can be noted. As a response to<unk> , the air is sucked in through the nose in a series of rapid and forceful inhalations. An episode of<unk>  usually lasts for 30 seconds or less although it might feel longer for the owner. For<unk> , there are no confirmed treatments yet to be found, but there are some commonly used remedies.
Reverse sneezing
Photic sneeze reflex
Tongue thrust
Concussion
Stretching
Stabbing
Retching
Sinus lift