*<unk>  is considered a diagnosis of exclusion. The<unk>  presents with<unk>  (blood in the urine) and flank (a region of the lower back beneath the ribs and above the ilium)<unk>  which can result from a number of causes. Nonglomerular causes of bleeding (e.g., urinary infection, tumor, or nephrolithiasis) must be excluded. Obstruction of the urinary tract should not be present, confirmed by at least two imaging procedures while<unk>  is present. * Diagnosis of<unk>  <unk>  occurs when<unk>  is present, recurrent or persistent<unk>  is severe, and other causes of bleeding are excluded. Urine testing can be performed to detect microscopic levels of<unk> . Protein is also commonly found in the urine of patients with<unk> . Kidney biopsies are sometimes performed to look for evidence of glomerular<unk> , excess red blood cells in the kidney tubules, and to assess the width of the glomerular basement membrane. *<unk>  (more than 5 red blood cells per high power field) should be present in virtually every urinalysis and is typically characterized by dysmorphic red cells. * Recurrent or persistent severe<unk>  for six months or more, occurring in the costovertebral angles. Relation to chronic pelvic<unk> <unk>  has considerable overlap with chronic pelvic<unk><unk> . Relation to thin basement membrane disease A thin glomerular basement membrane, as in thin basement membrane disease, is proposed to be the characteristic finding on renal biopsy, but not part of the<unk>  definition. Differential diagnosis * Kidney stones * Nutcracker<unk>  * IgA nephropathy * Cancer of the genitourinary tract * Chronic pelvic<unk>  * Endometriosis * Pyelonephritis
Loin pain hematuria syndrome
Interstitial cystitis
Bladder stone
symptoms of Bladder stone
Pyonephrosis
Urethral cancer
Acute prostatitis
Urinary bladder disease