Prevention of<unk>  has a long history. Intervention strategies were mostly based on one of the three major theories of its cause. Selenium supplementation, with or without additional antioxidant therapy (vitamin E and vitamin C) has been reported to be successful, but in other studies no significant decrease could be shown compared to a control group. Major drawbacks of selenium supplementation are logistic difficulties (including daily or weekly intake and drug supply), potential toxicity (in case of less well-controlled supplementation strategies), associated iodine deficiency (that should be corrected before selenium supplementation to prevent further deterioration of thyroid status) and low compliance. The latter was certainly the case in Tibet, where selenium supplementation has been implemented from 1987 to 1994 in areas of high endemicity. With the mycotoxin theory in mind, backing of grains before storage was proposed in Guangxi province, but results are not reported in international literature. Changing from grain source has been reported to be effective in Heilongjiang Province and North Korea. With respect to the role of drinking water, changing of water sources to deep well water has been reported to decrease the X-ray metaphyseal detection rate in different settings. In general, the effect of preventive measures however remains controversial, due to methodological problems (no randomised controlled trials), lack of documentation, or, as discussed above, inconsistency of results.
Kashin–Beck disease
Kufor–Rakeb syndrome
Mowat–Wilson syndrome
Zunich–Kaye syndrome
Qazi–Markouizos syndrome
Wilson–Mikity syndrome
Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome
Scheie syndrome