<unk> , also known as perineotomy, is a surgical incision of the perineum and the posterior vaginal wall generally done by a midwife or obstetrician.<unk>  is usually performed during second stage of labor to quickly enlarge the opening for the baby to pass through. The incision, which can be done from the posterior midline of the vulva straight toward the anus or at an angle to the right or left (medio-lateral<unk> , is performed under local anesthetic (pudendal anesthesia), and is sutured after delivery. Its routine use is no longer recommended. Despite this, it is one of the most common surgical procedures specific to women. In the United States, as of 2012, it was performed in 12% of vaginal births. It is still widely practiced in many parts of the world, including Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China, and Spain.
Episiotomy
Tubal reversal
Tubal ligation
Uterine balloon tamponade
Trial of labour
Forceps
Pelvic massage
Labor induction