Whilst in some circumstances, preventing development of an<unk>  following extraction of a tooth can be difficult, careful assessment is important. The following should be considered prior to carrying out any dental treatment: * Size of the antrum and proximity to teeth – this can be assessed radiographically * Shape and size of teeth and roots – this can be assessed radiographically * Presence of periapical pathology – this can be assessed radiographically * The age of the patient * The patient’s past dental history If the above factors are assessed as increasing the risk of OAC development, the clinician should take appropriate steps to carefully remove the tooth in question, possibly carrying out a surgical extraction and in an appropriate setting. Hence, in such cases: *Avoid using too much of apical pressure during tooth extraction *Perform surgical extraction with roots sectioning *Consider referral to OMFS at local hospital
Oroantral fistula
Liber pantegni
Omphalocele
Urachal fistula
Cimino fistula
Midline cervical cleft
Hypospadias
Iatrosophia