Often, aggressive treatment is unnecessary for people with<unk>  disease that does not cause any symptoms (asymptomatic). In such cases, treatment may consist of maintaining adequate fluid intake, with the goal of decreasing the risk of developing<unk>  stones (nephrolithiasis). Cases of recurrent<unk>  stone formation may warrant evaluation for possible underlying metabolic abnormalities. In patients with low levels of citrate in the urine (hypocitraturia) and incomplete distal renal tubular acidosis, treatment with potassium citrate helps prevent the formation of new<unk>  stones. Urinary tract infections, when they occur, should also be treated. Patients with the more rare form of<unk>  marked by chronic pain typically require pain management. Non-obstructing stones in<unk>  can be associated with significant and chronic pain even if they're not passing. It is not certain what causes this pain, but researchers have proposed that the small numerous stones seen in<unk>  may cause obstruction of the small tubules and collecting ducts in the<unk> . This pain can be constant, can often be debilitating and treatment is challenging. Narcotic medication, even in large quantities, is sometimes not adequate. Some success with pain control has been reported using laser lithotripsy (called "ureteroscopic laser papillotomy").
Medullary sponge kidney
Medullary cystic kidney disease
Page kidney
Glomerulocystic kidney disease
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Horseshoe kidney
Multicystic dysplastic kidney
Cystic nephroma