A<unk> , formerly known as a somatoform disorder, is any mental disorder that manifests as physical<unk> s that suggest illness or injury, but cannot be explained fully by a general medical condition or by the direct effect of a substance, and are not attributable to another mental disorder (e.g., panic disorder).<unk> s, as a group, are included in a number of diagnostic schemes of mental illness, including the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. (Before DSM-5 this disorder was split into somatization disorder and undifferentiated somatoform disorder.) In people who have been diagnosed with a<unk> , medical test results are either normal or do not explain the person's<unk> s (medically unexplained physical<unk> s), and history and physical examination do not indicate the presence of a known medical condition that could cause them, though the DSM-5 cautions that this alone is not sufficient for diagnosis. The patient must also be excessively worried about their<unk> s, and this worry must be judged to be out of proportion to the severity of the physical complaints themselves. A diagnosis of<unk>  requires that the subject have recurring somatic complaints for at least six months.<unk> s are sometimes similar to those of other illnesses and may last for years. Usually, the<unk> s begin appearing during adolescence, and patients are diagnosed before the age of 30 years.<unk> s may occur across cultures and gender. Other common<unk> s include anxiety and depression. However, since anxiety and depression are also very common in persons with confirmed medical illnesses, it remains unproven whether such<unk> s are a consequence of the physical impairment or a cause.<unk> s are not the result of conscious malingering (fabricating or exaggerating<unk> s for secondary motives) or factitious disorders (deliberately producing, feigning, or exaggerating<unk> s).<unk>  is difficult to diagnose and treat. Some advocates of the diagnosis believe this is because proper diagnosis and treatment requires psychiatrists to work with neurologists on patients with this disorder.
Somatic symptom disorder
Mass psychogenic illness
Functional somatic syndrome
Anxiety disorder
Personality pathology
Generalized anxiety disorder
Medication phobia
Somatization disorder