Among the contraindications are: increased bleeding tendency where platelets less than 100x109/litre and prothrombin time prolonged more than 2 seconds than the control. This procedure is also contraindicated in biliary tract sepsis, except to control the infection by drainage of the infected bile.
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Intravenous cholangiography
Splenic aspiration
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography
Liver biopsy
Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Cholecystography