Pharmacodynamics<unk>  acts primarily as a serotonin releasing agent. It increases the level of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, appetite and other functions.<unk>  causes the release of serotonin by disrupting vesicular storage of the neurotransmitter, and reversing serotonin transporter function. The drug also acts as a norepinephrine releasing agent to a lesser extent, particularly via its active metabolite norfenfluramine. At high concentrations, norfenfluramine, though not<unk> , also acts as a dopamine releasing agent, and so<unk>  may do this at very high doses as well. In addition to monoamine release, while<unk>  binds only very weakly to the serotonin 5-HT2 receptors, norfenfluramine binds to and activates the serotonin 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptors with high affinity and the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor with moderate affinity. The result of the increased serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission is a feeling of fullness and reduced appetite. The combination of<unk>  with phentermine, a norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent acting primarily on norepinephrine, results in a well-balanced serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent with weaker effects of dopamine release. +<unk> , phentermine, and monoamine release (, nM) Drug Type Ref<unk>  739 >10,000 79.3–108<unk>  302 >10,000 51.7<unk>  >10,000 >10,000 147 Norfenfluramine 168–170 1,900–1,925 104 Phentermine 39.4 262 3,511 Pharmacokinetics The elimination half-life of<unk>  has been reported as ranging from 13 to 30 hours. The mean elimination half-lives of its enantiomers have been found to be 19 hours for dexfenfluramine and 25 hours for levfenfluramine. Norfenfluramine, the major active metabolite of<unk> , has an elimination half-life that is about 1.5 to 2 times as long as that of<unk> , with mean values of 34 hours for dexnorfenfluramine and 50 hours for levnorfenfluramine.
Fenfluramine
Benzoctamine
Tesofensine
Bremazocine
Dezocine
Clorotepine
Bethanechol
Ephedrine