Treatment may vary depending on the cause of the condition. In the case of hereditary<unk> , although research is ongoing, at this point there is no cure for the genetic defect that causes hereditary<unk> . Current management focuses on interventions that limit the severity of the disease. Treatment options for this type of<unk>  include: * Splenectomy: As in non-hereditary<unk> , acute symptoms of anemia and hyperbilirubinemia indicate treatment with blood transfusions or exchanges and chronic symptoms of anemia and an enlarged spleen indicate dietary supplementation of folic acid and splenectomy, the surgical removal of the spleen. Splenectomy is indicated for moderate to severe cases, but not mild cases. To decrease the risk of sepsis, post-splenectomy<unk>  patients require immunization against the influenza virus, encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and meningococcus, and prophylactic antibiotic treatment. However, the use of prophylactic antibiotics, such as penicillin, remains controversial. * Partial splenectomy: Since the spleen is important for protecting against encapsulated organisms, sepsis caused by encapsulated organisms is a possible complication of splenectomy. The option of partial splenectomy may be considered in the interest of preserving immune function. Research on outcomes is currently limited, but favorable. * Surgical removal of the gallbladder may be necessary.
Spherocytosis
Macrocytosis
Neuroacanthocytosis
Anisocytosis
Pyknocytosis
Anisopoikilocytosis
Poikilocytosis
Plasmacytosis