Treatment is aimed at slowing the rate by correcting acidosis, correcting electrolytes (especially magnesium and calcium), cooling the patient, and antiarrhythmic medications. Occasionally pacing of the atrium at a rate higher than the<unk>  may allow improved cardiac function by allowing atrial and ventricular synchrony. Medications used to treat<unk>  include beta-adrenoceptor blockers such as propranolol, calcium channel antagonists such as verapamil, and antiarrhythmics such as flecainide, amiodarone, and propafenone. Amiodarone is frequently used in the short term in children experiencing<unk>  following heart surgery, although propanolol, flecainide and propafenone are more commonly recommended for long term use due to the frequency of side effects associated with amiodarone. In those who experience recurrent episodes of<unk> , an alternative to long term medical therapy is catheter ablation. In this procedure, the small area in which the cells initiating<unk>  are found can be destroyed by heating or freezing the tissue. This is accomplished using wires passed to the heart via the femoral vein through a small puncture in the groin. The main risk of this procedure is accidental damage to the AV node. This occurs more frequently when treating<unk>  than other forms of supraventricular tachycardia, requiring treatment with a pacemaker in 5-10% of ablations for<unk> . The risk is lower if the tissue is frozen rather than heated. For those at risk of developing<unk>  such as children undergoing heart surgery, treatment can also be given prophylactically. A meta-analysis of 9 studies found that sedation with dexmedetomidine reduced the risk of<unk>  occurring post-operatively.
Junctional ectopic tachycardia
AV nodal reentrant tachycardia
Wandering atrial pacemaker
Tachycardia
AV nodal reentrant tachycardia  AV-nodal reentrant tachycardia  1
Ventricular escape beat
Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia
Accelerated idioventricular rhythm