<unk>  is the result of a malfunction of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII), which controls the muscles of the face. Facial palsy is typified by inability to move the muscles of facial expression. The paralysis is of the infranuclear/lower motor neuron type. It is thought that as a result of inflammation of the facial nerve, pressure is produced on the nerve where it exits the skull within its bony canal (the stylomastoid foramen), blocking the transmission of neural signals or damaging the nerve. Patients with facial palsy for which an underlying cause can be found are not considered to have<unk>  per se. Possible causes of facial paralysis include tumor, meningitis, stroke, diabetes mellitus, head trauma and inflammatory diseases of the cranial nerves (sarcoidosis, brucellosis, etc.). In these conditions, the neurologic findings are rarely restricted to the facial nerve. Babies can be born with facial palsy. In a few cases, bilateral facial palsy has been associated with acute HIV infection. In some research, the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been identified in a majority of cases diagnosed as<unk>  through endoneurial fluid sampling. Other research, however, identified, out of a total of 176 cases diagnosed as<unk> , HSV-1 in 31 cases (18%) and herpes zoster in 45 cases (26%). In addition, HSV-1 infection is associated with demyelination of nerves. This nerve damage mechanism is different from the above-mentioned—that edema, swelling and compression of the nerve in the narrow bone canal is responsible for nerve damage. Demyelination may not even be directly caused by the virus, but by an unknown immune response.
Bell's palsy
Lyme disease
Erb's palsy
Stroke
Horner's syndrome
Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2
Todd's paresis
Brain tumor