Common causes of<unk>  include inhalation of fluoride dusts or fumes by workers in industry and consumption of fluoride from drinking water (levels of fluoride in excess of levels that are considered safe.) In India, especially the Nalgonda region (Telangana), a common cause of<unk>  is fluoride-rich drinking water that is sourced from deep-bore wells. Over half of groundwater sources in India have fluoride above recommended levels.<unk>  can also occur as a result of volcanic activity. The 1783 eruption of the Laki volcano in Iceland is estimated to have killed about 22% of the Icelandic population, and 60% of livestock, as a result of<unk>  and sulfur dioxide gases. The 1693 eruption of Hekla also led to fatalities of livestock under similar conditions.
Skeletal fluorosis
Dental fluorosis
Vitamin D toxicity
Hyperparathyroidism
Zinc toxicity
Oncogenic osteomalacia
Calcinosis
Hypophosphatasia