Treatment can include pharmaceutical or surgical means. The drug carbamazepine (Tegretol) has been used successfully. Other drugs with variable success include gabapentin and, recently, memantine. Successful surgery options include<unk><unk>  tenectomy accompanied by inferior<unk>  myectomy. However, "overall, the bulk of the ophthalmic literature would agree with the viewpoint that invasive craniotomy surgical procedures should be justified only by the presence of intractable and absolutely unbearable symptoms." Samii et al. and Scharwey and Samii described a patient who had<unk>  for 17 years. The interposition of a Teflon pad between the trochlear nerve and a compressing artery and vein at the nerve's exit from the midbrain led to a remission lasting for a follow-up of 22 months.
Superior oblique myokymia
Holmes tremor
Dysbarism
Blepharospasm
Coprographia
Spasmodic torticollis
Lonomia
Torsion dystonia