In adults and children found to have<unk> rctation, treatment is conservative if asymptomatic, but may require surgical resection of the narrow segment if there is arterial hypertension. The first operations to treat<unk> rctation were<unk> rried out by Clarence Crafoord in Sweden in 1944. In some<unk> ses angioplasty<unk> n be performed to dilate the narrowed artery, with or without the placement of a stent graft. For fetuses at high risk for developing<unk> rctation, a novel experimental treatment approach is being investigated, wherein the mother inhales 45% oxygen three times a day (3 x 3–4 hours) beyond 34 weeks of gestation. The oxygen is transferred via the placenta to the fetus and results in dilatation of the fetal lung vessels. As a consequence, the flow of blood through the fetal circulatory system increases, including that through the underdeveloped arch. In suitable fetuses, marked increases in<unk> c arch dimensions have been observed over treatment periods of about two to three weeks. The long-term outcome is very good. Some patients may, however, develop a narrowing (stenosis) or dilatation at the previous<unk> rctation site. All patients with unrepaired or repaired<unk> c<unk> rctation require follow-up in specialized Congenital Heart Disease centers.
Coarctation of the aorta
Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm
Annuloaortic ectasia
Double aortic arch
Interrupted aortic arch
Aortic stenosis
Pulmonary vein stenosis
Pulmonic stenosis