With the development of less invasive laparoscopic surgical techniques,<unk> es are less common than they used to be. A database that tracks<unk> es performed in the United Kingdom estimates that about 30,000 are done across England and Wales each year out of a population of 59.5 million people. Reasons why a patient may require an<unk>  include: *Acute blunt or penetrating trauma with evidence of internal bleeding (a positive focused assessment with sonography for trauma, diagnostic peritoneal lavage, or CT scan), unstable blood pressure, or evisceration *Acute abdomen with evidence of inflammation of the abdominal lining or the abdominal organs, gastrointestinal bleeding, or gastrointestinal perforation *Cancer staging, especially ovarian cancer and Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma *Inability to access the part of the abdomen where a surgical disease is using a less invasive approach, or a lack of laparoscopic equipment, technology, or training
Exploratory laparotomy
Exploratory surgery
Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
Antral lavage
Abdominal x-ray
Whole bowel irrigation
Lower gastrointestinal series
Peritoneal washing