Treatment includes utilization of prophylactic methods if the patient has been diagnosed with hyperleukocytosis. This is usually in combination with other treatments, which are dependent on the type of leukemia. Specific treatments include lysis syndrome treatment in addition to aggressive intravenous hydration with allopurinol or rasburicase to decrease serum uric acid levels. Hematopoietic cell transplants are critical to correct<unk>  and leukemia. Cytoreduction is also a critical course of treatment in order to rapidly decrease white blood cell counts. Twenty to forty percent of patients diagnosed with hyperleukocytosis die within the first week of symptom presentation. Patients with the best outcome have none or limited symptoms of respiratory or neurological distress. An accumulation of these symptoms lead to decreased levels of statistical survival compared to patients diagnosed with asymptomatic hyperleukocytosis alone. Cytoreduction methods include chemotherapy, utilizing the drug hydroxyurea (Hydroxyurea is usually used in asymptomatic hyperleukocytosis), and the less common leukapheresis procedure. This procedure is often utilized for asymptomatic hyperleukocytosis patients who have induction chemotherapy postponed for patient-specific factors. Variants of chemotherapy, including induction chemotherapy, are used to treat both elevated white blood cells counts while simultaneously targeting leukemia cells in the bone marrow.
Leukostasis
Vasospasm
Leukocytosis
Thrombocytopenia
Allostasis
Cytotoxicity
Cytopenia
Lipotoxicity