<unk>  (LS) is a congenital disorder discovered in 1950 by<unk>  and associates when they observed dislocation of the large joints and face anomalies in six of their patients. Patients with<unk>  normally present with a variety of symptoms, including congenital anterior dislocation of the knees, dislocation of the hips and elbows, flattened facial appearance, prominent foreheads, and depressed nasal bridges.<unk>  can also cause a variety of cardiovascular and orthopedic abnormalities. This rare disorder is caused by a genetic defect in the gene encoding filamin B, a cytoplasmic protein that is important in regulating the structure and activity of the cytoskeleton. The gene that influences the emergence of<unk>  is found in chromosome region, 3p21.1-14.1, a region containing human type VII collagen gene.<unk>  has recently been described as a mesenchyme disorder that affects the connective tissue of an individual. Autosomal dominant and recessive forms of the disorder have been reported, although most cases are autosomal dominant. Reports have found that in Western societies,<unk>  can be found in one in every 100,000 births, but this is most likely an underestimate because the disorder is frequently unrecognized or misdiagnosed.
Larsen syndrome
Jeavons syndrome
Bowen–Conradi syndrome
Burnside–Butler syndrome
McGillivray syndrome
Peters-plus syndrome
Bogart–Bacall syndrome
Juberg-Hayward syndrome