The prevalence of<unk>  is not well understood. Estimates of the prevalence of the condition range from 1.4 to 5.4% in the general population. One U.S. telephone survey found that 16.6% of respondents "picked their skin to the point of noticeable tissue damage" and that 1.4% would qualify as meeting the requirements of<unk> . Another community survey found a rate of 5.4% had<unk> . A survey of college students found a rate of 4%. One study found that among non-disabled adults, 63% of individuals engaged in some form of skin picking and 5.4% engaged in serious skin picking. Lastly, a survey of dermatology patients found that 2% suffered from<unk> . In some patients,<unk>  begins with the onset of acne in adolescence, but the compulsion continues even after the acne has gone away. Skin conditions such as keratosis pilaris, psoriasis, and eczema can also provoke the behavior. In patients with acne, the grooming of the skin is disproportionate to the severity of the acne. Certain stressful events including marital conflicts, deaths of friends or family, and unwanted pregnancies have been linked to the onset of the condition. If<unk>  does not occur during adolescence another common age of onset is between the ages of 30 to 45. Additionally, many cases of<unk>  have been documented to begin in children under the age of 10. One small survey of patients with<unk>  found that 47.5% of them had an early onset of<unk>  that began before age 10. Traumatic childhood events may initiate the behavior.<unk>  is statistically more common in females than in males.<unk>  has a high rate of comorbidity with other psychiatric conditions, especially with mood and anxiety disorders . One survey of patients with<unk>  found that 56.7% also had a DSM-IV Axis-I disorder and 38% had substance use problems. Studies have shown the following rates of psychiatric conditions found in patients with<unk> : trichotillomania (38.3%), substance use disorder (38%), major depressive disorder (approximately 31.7% to 58.1%), anxiety disorders (approximately 23% to 56%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (approximately 16.7% to 68%), and body dysmorphic disorder (approximately 26.8% to 44.9%). There are also higher rates of<unk>  in patients in psychiatric facilities; a study of adolescent psychiatric inpatients found that<unk>  was present in 11.8% of patients. It is also present at high rates with some other conditions: 44.9% of patients with body dysmorphic disorder also have<unk> ; 8.9% of patients with OCD have<unk> ; and 8.3% of patients with trichotillomania have<unk> . Skin picking is also common in those with certain developmental disabilities; for example, Prader–Willi syndrome and Smith–Magenis syndrome. Studies have shown that 85% of people with Prader–Willi syndrome also engage in skin-picking. Children with developmental disabilities are also at an increased risk for<unk> .<unk>  also correlates with "social, occupational, and academic impairments, increased medical and mental health concerns (including anxiety, depression, obsessive–compulsive disorder) ... and financial burden".<unk>  also has a high degree of comorbidity with occupational and marital difficulties. Substance use is often present, and individuals with<unk>  are twice as likely to have first-degree relatives who have substance use disorders than those without the condition. Some cases of body-focused repetitive behaviors found in identical twins also suggest a hereditary factor.
Excoriation disorder
Trichotillomania
Necrospermia
Papulosquamous disorder
Adermatoglyphia
Oral galvanism
Pellagra
Trichostasis spinulosa