Antibiotics Because of the complex interactions in the microbiome, not much data exists on the efficacy of using antibiotics to treat<unk> . However, the broad-spectrum antibiotic rifaximin has been shown to have a favorable response in several of the ailments associated with<unk> , including irritable bowel syndrome. While most antibiotics alter the gut microbiota for the duration of the treatment, some cause long-lasting changes. However, repeated exposure to antibiotics can also cause the opposite of the intended effect and destabilize the gut microbiome, resulting in promoting “outgrowth of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria” (see antibiotic misuse) thus aggravating gut<unk> . Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) is an experimental treatment that has resolved 80-90 percent of<unk> -related infections caused by recurrent C. difficile infections that do not respond to antibiotics in randomized, controlled clinical trials. A patient's colon is transplanted during FMT with a fecal preparation from a carefully screened, healthy stool donor. FMT is thought to work by repopulating the patient's microbiome with various microorganisms that compete with C. difficile for space. FMTs use the same line of reasoning as probiotics; to recreate a healthy balance of microbiota in the microbiome by inserting beneficial microbes into the environment. FMT accomplishes this by taking a donation of fecal matter from a healthy individual, diluted, strained and introduced to a diseased patient. FMTs are currently used to treat patients with Clostridium difficile infections, who have proved resistant to other therapies.; however, this is considered an investigational therapy at present with risks that have not been fully defined. Because the process is not sterile and contaminations can pass from donor to patient, there is a push to isolate key microbiota and culture them independently. Probiotics The World Health Organization defines probiotics as "live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host". The benefit of using probiotics to treat<unk>  related diseases lies in its ability to treat the underlying cause of said diseases. Some benefits include their ability to suppress inflammation in the microbiome and disrupt colonization by pathogens. Excessive use of antibiotics, IBD, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and many more ailments are related to interruptions in the microbiome<unk> , especially in the human gut. Probiotics can promote healthier microbial function by introducing or reintroducing helpful bacteria to strengthen the weaknesses presented in a dysbiotic microbiome. It is essential to recognize that such circumstances are beneficial bacteria that occur more frequently than harmful ones. Probiotics can be utilized in aiding existing conditions and preventing such diseases by instituting antiinflammatory properties and improving immune cell function. The human gut contains a wide diversity of bacteria and can easily be disrupted through diet, medicinal usage, diseases, and many others. Probiotics have proven influential in returning the intestinal microbiota to homeostatic balance and improve intestinal health. Probiotics contain anti-inflammatory properties that assist in the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases due to microbial<unk> . More research is needed to understand better the many benefits probiotics can offer for multiple forms of<unk> .
Dysbiosis
Steatosis
Degranulation
Flatulence
Necrobiosis
Virulence
Scalding
Acid erosion