<unk>  <unk>  is a neurosurgical procedure involving the placement of a medical device called a neurostimulator, which sends electrical impulses, through implanted electrodes, to specific targets in the<unk>  (the<unk>  nucleus) for the treatment of movement disorders, including Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, dystonia, and other conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and epilepsy. While its underlying principles and mechanisms are not fully understood,<unk>  directly changes<unk>  activity in a controlled manner.<unk>  has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a treatment for essential tremor and Parkinson's disease (PD) since 1997.<unk>  was approved for dystonia in 2003, Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) in 2009, and epilepsy in 2018.<unk>  has been studied in clinical trials as a potential treatment for chronic pain for various affective disorders, including major depression. It is one of few neurosurgical procedures that allow blinded studies.
Deep brain stimulation
Electrical brain stimulation
Magnetic seizure therapy
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Non-invasive cerebellar stimulation
Transcranial direct-current stimulation
Thalamic stimulator
Cranial electrotherapy stimulation