The exact mechanism of action of<unk>  is not known. A variety of hypotheses try to explain the mechanisms of<unk> : # Depolarization blockade: Electrical currents block the neuronal output at or near the electrode site. # Synaptic inhibition: This causes an indirect regulation of the neuronal output by activating axon terminals with synaptic connections to neurons near the stimulating electrode. # Desynchronization of abnormal oscillatory activity of neurons # Antidromic activation either activating/blockading distant neurons or blockading slow axons<unk>  represents an advance on previous treatments which involved pallidotomy (i.e., surgical ablation of the globus pallidus) or thalamotomy (i.e., surgical ablation of the thalamus). Instead, a thin lead with multiple electrodes is implanted in the globus pallidus, nucleus ventralis intermedius thalami, or subthalamic nucleus, and electric pulses are used therapeutically. The lead from the implant is extended to the neurostimulator under the skin in the chest area. Its direct effect on the physiology of brain cells and neurotransmitters is currently debated, but by sending high-frequency electrical impulses into specific areas of the brain, it can mitigate symptoms and directly diminish the side effects induced by PD medications, allowing a decrease in medications, or making a medication regimen more tolerable.
Deep brain stimulation
Electrical brain stimulation
Magnetic seizure therapy
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Non-invasive cerebellar stimulation
Transcranial direct-current stimulation
Thalamic stimulator
Cranial electrotherapy stimulation