Contamination A 2011 survey of 33 supplements commercially available in Italy found that over 50% of them exceeded the European Food Safety Authority recommendations in at least one contaminant. The most prevalent of these contaminants was<unk> ne, a breakdown product of<unk>  also produced by the body.<unk> ne was present in higher concentrations than the European Food Safety Authority recommendations in 44% of the samples. About 15% of the samples had detectable levels of dihydro-1,3,5-triazine or a high dicyandiamide concentration. Heavy metals contamination was not found to be a concern, with only minor levels of mercury being detectable. Two studies reviewed in 2007 found no impurities. Interactions<unk>  taken with medications that can harm the kidney can increase the risk of kidney damage: *Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – some examples are ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) and naproxen (Aleve) *Diuretics (water pills) – an example is furosemide (Lasix) *Cimetidine (Tagamet) *Probenicid A National Institutes of Health study suggests that caffeine interacts with<unk>  to increase the rate of progression of Parkinson's Disease. Food and cooking When<unk>  is mixed with protein and sugar at high temperatures (above 148 ℃), the resulting reaction produces carcinogenic heterocyclic amines (HCAs). Such a reaction happens when grilling or pan-frying meat.<unk>  content (as a percentage of crude protein) can be used as an indicator of meat quality.
Creatine
Inositol
Beta-Hydroxy beta-methylbutyric acid
Phenylacetic acid
Choline
Phosphine
High-energy phosphate
Glycogen