schematic representation of antibody.<unk>  (ACA) are antibodies often directed against<unk>  and found in several diseases, including syphilis, antiphospholipid syndrome, livedoid vasculitis, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, Behçet's syndrome, idiopathic spontaneous abortion, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). They are a form of anti-mitochondrial antibody. In SLE, anti-DNA antibodies and<unk>  may be present individually or together; the two types of antibodies act independently. This is in contrast to rheumatoid arthritis with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) because<unk>  are present in both conditions, and therefore may tie the two conditions together.<unk>  can be classified in two ways: * As IgM, IgG or IgA * As β2-glycoprotein dependent or independent * In autoimmune disease, ACA are beta-2 glycoprotein dependent * In syphilis, ACA are beta-2 glycoprotein independent and can be assayed using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test
Anti-cardiolipin antibodies
Anti-apolipoprotein antibodies
Anti-mitochondrial antibody
Anti-SSA/Ro autoantibodies
Antisperm antibodies
Anti-LKM antibody
Anti-histone antibodies
Anti-dsDNA antibodies