Age-standardized death from liver cancer per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004. Liver tumor types by relative incidence in adults in the United States, with<unk>  at left.<unk>  is one of the most common tumors worldwide. The epidemiology of<unk>  exhibits two main patterns, one in North America and Western Europe and another in non-Western countries, such as those in sub-Saharan Africa, Central and Southeast Asia, and the Amazon basin. Males are affected more than females usually, and it is most common between the ages of 30 and 50,<unk>  causes 662,000 deaths worldwide per year about half of them in China. Africa and Asia In some parts of the world, such as sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia,<unk>  is the most common cancer, generally affecting men more than women, and with an age of onset between the late teens and 30s. This variability is in part due to the different patterns of hepatitis B and hepatitis C transmission in different populations – infection at or around birth predispose to earlier cancers than if people are infected later. The time between hepatitis B infection and development into<unk>  can be years, even decades, but from diagnosis of<unk>  to death, the average survival period is only 5.9 months according to one Chinese study during the 1970-80s, or 3 months (median survival time) in sub-Saharan Africa according to Manson's textbook of tropical diseases.<unk>  is one of the deadliest cancers in China, where chronic hepatitis B is found in 90% of cases. In Japan, chronic hepatitis C is associated with 90% of<unk>  cases. Foods infected with Aspergillus flavus (especially peanuts and corns stored during prolonged wet seasons) which produces aflatoxins pose another risk factor for<unk> . North America and Western Europe The most common malignant tumors in the liver represent metastases (spread) from tumors which originate elsewhere in the body. Among cancers that originate from liver tissue,<unk>  is the most common primary liver cancer. In the United States, the US surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database program, shows that<unk>  accounts for 65% of all cases of liver cancers. As screening programs are in place for high-risk persons with chronic liver disease,<unk>  is often discovered much earlier in Western countries than in developing regions such as sub-Saharan Africa. Acute and chronic hepatic porphyrias (acute intermittent porphyria, porphyria cutanea tarda, hereditary coproporphyria, variegate porphyria) and tyrosinemia type I are risk factors for<unk> . The diagnosis of an acute hepatic porphyria (AIP,<unk> P, VP) should be sought in patients with<unk>  without typical risk factors of hepatitis B or C, alcoholic liver cirrhosis, or hemochromatosis. Both active and latent genetic carriers of acute hepatic porphyrias are at risk for this cancer, although latent genetic carriers have developed the cancer at a later age than those with classic symptoms. Patients with acute hepatic porphyrias should be monitored for<unk> . The incidence of<unk>  is relatively lower in the Western Hemisphere than in Eastern Asia. However, despite the statistics being low, the diagnosis of<unk>  has increased since the 1980s and it is continuing to increase, making it one of the rising causes of death due to cancer. The common risk factor for<unk>  is hepatitis C, along with other health issues.
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatoid tumor
Focal fatty liver
Cholangiocarcinoma
Hepatoblastoma
Echinococcosis
Liver angiosarcoma
Metastatic carcinoma