An<unk>  is a surgical instrument used in cardiac surgery to<unk>  the aorta and separate the systemic circulation from the outflow of the heart. An<unk> ing procedure serves, for example, in the repairing of coarctation of the aorta. In newborns, the treatment of choice for this condition is resection and primary anastomosis. The<unk> ing of the aorta excludes the systemic circulation, by definition, thus causing an ischemia. When a long<unk><unk> ing period (longer than 25 min) or a drop in distal<unk>  pressure below 50–60 mmHg is anticipated, the use of an intraoperative shunt may prevent complications such as paraplegia.
Aortic cross-clamp
Median sternotomy
Arterial switch operation
Intra-aortic balloon pump
Corticotomy
Warren operation
Pericardial window
Intraoperative blood salvage