<unk>  is a psychological disorder derived from parental depression.<unk>  affects the mood of men; fathers and caregivers in particular. 'Father' may refer to the biological father, foster parent, social parent, step-parent or simply the carer of the child. This mood disorder exhibits symptoms similar to postpartum depression (PPD) including anxiety, insomnia, irritability, consistent breakdown and crying episodes, and low energy. This may negatively impact family relationships and the upbringing of children. Parents diagnosed with parental depression often experience increased stress and anxiety levels during early pregnancy, labor and postpartum. Those with parental depression may have developed it early on but some are diagnosed later on from when the child is a toddler up until a young adult. The causes of<unk>  are unclear; however, previous experiences of mental disorders and family history can contribute to the development of<unk> . Other factors including stress overload, sleep deprivation and unhappy relationships with one's partner or children may also affect its prevalence. Although symptoms of feeling down, baby blues and a lack of sleep are common amongst new parents, a diagnosis of depression is appropriate when symptoms are severe and ongoing. Most health literature provides studies and research on<unk>  and women with postnatal depression. However, there is limited information about men and mental illness. Modern society and culture have changed social stigma of men with mental illness due to changes in gender role perspectives.
Paternal depression
Antenatal depression
Fetal programming
Maternal hypothyroidism
Maternal-fetal conflict
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Paternal age effect
Neonatal infection