Cerebral edema is frequently encountered in acute brain injuries from a variety of origins, including but not limited to: * Traumatic brain injury * Stroke * Tumors * Infections (such as a brain abscess or meningitis) * Hepatic encephalopathy * Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome * Radiation-induced brain edema * Post-surgical changes * Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities associated with edema (ARIA-E) * Hyponatremia * High-altitude cerebral edema Risk factors Cerebral edema is present with many common cerebral pathologies and risk factors for development of cerebral edema will depend on the cause. The following were reliable predictors for development of early cerebral edema in ischemic strokes. * Younger age * Higher severity of symptoms on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale * Signs of current ischemia on clinical exam * Decreased level of consciousness * Hyper dense artery sign and larger affected area on CT imaging * Higher blood glucose
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