Risk factors for<unk>  include but are not limited to: exerting oneself in hot and humid weather, habitation at high altitudes, endurance athletics, elderly adults, infants, children and people living with chronic illnesses.<unk>  can also come as a side effect from many different types of drugs and medications. In the elderly, blunted response to thirst or inadequate ability to access free water in the face of excess free water losses (especially hyperglycemia related) seem to be the main causes of<unk> . Excess free water or hypotonic water can leave the body in two ways – sensible loss such as osmotic diuresis, sweating, vomiting and diarrhea, and insensible water loss, occurring mainly through the skin and respiratory tract. In humans,<unk>  can be caused by a wide range of diseases and states that impair water homeostasis in the body. These occur primarily through either impaired thirst/water access or sodium excess.
Dehydration
Altitude sickness
Water intoxication
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome  Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome  1
Hyperosmolar syndrome
Hypovolemia
Exercise-associated hyponatremia
Stress hyperglycemia