The goal of investigation is the assessment of the severity of the ocular injury with an<unk>  to implementing a management plan as soon as is required. The usual<unk>  examination should be attempted, and may require a topical anesthetic in order to be tolerable. Many topical agents cause burning upon instillation. Proxymetacaine has been found to have the best tolerance. Depending on the medical history and preliminary examination, the primary care physician should designate the<unk>  as a true emergency, urgent or semi-urgent. Classification alt=A blue<unk>  shown with iris partially moved into the pupil from the outside edge. Based on the injury to the<unk> wall (outer fibrous coat of the<unk>  consisting of cornea and sclera) *Closed globe injury: the<unk>  globe is intact, but the seven rings of the<unk>  have been classically described as affected by blunt trauma. Types include contusion and lamellar laceration * Open globe injury: there is a full thickness injury of the<unk>  wall (cornea and sclera) It includes A) Globe rupture: caused by blunt trauma and is an inside-out injury. B) Globe laceration: a full-thickness wound caused by sharp objects. It includes 1)Penetrating trauma: the globe integrity is disrupted by a full-thickness entry wound and may be associated with prolapse of the internal contents of the<unk> . Such injuries are often referred to as a Globe fracture or a Globe rupture, although these can be incurred by blunt trauma as well. 2) Perforating trauma: the globe integrity is disrupted in two places due to an entrance and exit wound (through and through injury). This is a quite severe type of<unk> . Other types include * Blowout fracture of the orbit is caused by blunt trauma, classically described for fist or ball injury, leading to fracture of the floor or medial wall of the orbit due to sudden increased pressure on the orbital contents. * Muscular Entrapment Fracture of the orbital bones can lead to muscular entrapment limiting gaze in one direction. Emergency An emergency must be treated within minutes. This includes chemical burns of both the conjunctiva and cornea. Urgent An urgent case must be treated within hours. This includes penetrating globe injuries; corneal abrasions or corneal foreign bodies; hyphema (must be referred);<unk> lid lacerations that are deep, involve the lid margin or involve the lacrimal canaliculi; radiant energy burns such as arc<unk>  (welder's burn) or snow blindness; or, rarely, traumatic optic neuropathy. Semi-urgent Semi-urgent cases must be managed within 1–2 days. They include orbital fractures and subconjunctival hemorrhages.
Eye injury
Orbital emphysema
Intraocular hemorrhage
Chemical eye injury
Retinal detachment
Retinal haemorrhage
Vitreous hemorrhage
Orbital blowout fracture