<unk>  <unk> , sold alone under the brand name Androcur or with ethinylestradiol under the brand names Diane or Diane-35 among others, is an antiandrogen and progestin medication used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions such as acne, excessive hair growth, early puberty, and prostate<unk> ncer, as a component of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women, and in birth control pills. It is formulated and used both alone and in combination with an estrogen.<unk>  is taken by mouth one to three times per day. Common side effects of high-dose<unk>  in men include gynecomastia (breast development) and feminization. In both men and women, possible side effects of<unk>  include low sex hormone levels, reversible infertility, sexual dysfunction, fatigue, depression, weight gain, and elevated liver enzymes. At very high doses in older individuals, significant<unk> rdiovascular complications<unk> n occur. Rare but serious adverse reactions of<unk>  include blood clots, liver damage, and certain types of benign brain tumors.<unk> <unk> n also<unk> use adrenal insufficiency as a withdrawal effect if it is discontinued abruptly from a high dosage.<unk>  blocks the effects of androgens such as testosterone in the body, which it does by preventing them from interacting with their biological target, the androgen receptor (AR), and by reducing their production by the gonads, hence their concentrations in the body. In addition, it has progesterone-like effects by activating the progesterone receptor (PR). It<unk> n also produce weak cortisol-like effects at very high doses.<unk>  was discovered in 1961. It was originally developed as a progestin. In 1965, the antiandrogenic effects of<unk>  were discovered.<unk>  was first marketed, as an antiandrogen, in 1973, and was the first antiandrogen to be introduced for medical use. A few years later, in 1978,<unk>  was introduced as a progestin in a birth control pill. It has been described as a "first-generation" progestin and as the prototypical antiandrogen.<unk>  is available widely throughout the world. An exception is the United States, where it is not approved for use.
Cyproterone acetate
Desoxymethyltestosterone
15β-Hydroxycyproterone acetate
Oxandrolone
Acetothiolutamide
Goserelin
Darolutamide
Bisoctrizole