Over the last 30 years, research into<unk>  has greatly increased. There is no single, unified theory that explains the cause of<unk> . Genetic factors are presumed important, and it has been suggested that environmental factors may affect how symptoms manifest. It is becoming increasingly accepted that individuals with<unk>  have difficulty with "executive functioning". In higher organisms, such as humans, these functions are thought to reside in the frontal lobes. They enable recall of tasks that need accomplishing, organization to accomplish these tasks, assessment of consequences of actions, prioritization of thoughts and actions, keeping track of time, awareness of interactions with surroundings, the ability to focus despite competing stimuli, and adaptation to changing situations. Several lines of research based on structural and/or functional imaging techniques, stimulant drugs, psychological interventions have identified alterations in the dopaminergic and adrenergic pathways of individuals with<unk> . In particular, areas of the prefrontal cortex appear to be the most affected. Dopamine and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters which play an important role in brain function. The uptake transporters for dopamine and norepinephrine are overly active and clear these neurotransmitters from the synapse a lot faster than in other individuals. This is thought to increase processing latency and salience, and diminish working memory.
Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Tourette syndrome
Motivational deficiency disorder
Obsessive–compulsive disorder
Conduct disorder
Oppositional defiant disorder
Frontal lobe disorder