Physicians treating patients using<unk> s in combination with other drugs keep continual documentation that further treatment is indicated and remain aware of opportunities to adjust treatment if the patient's condition changes to merit less risky therapy. With other depressant drugs US. Top line represents the number of benzodiazepine deaths that also involved<unk> s. Bottom line represents benzodiazepine deaths that did not involve<unk> s. The concurrent use of<unk> s with other depressant drugs such as benzodiazepines or ethanol increases the rates of adverse events and overdose. The concurrent use of<unk> s with other depressant drugs such as benzodiazepines or ethanol increases the rates of adverse events and overdose. Yet,<unk> s and benzodiazepines are concurrently dispensed in many settings. As with an overdose of<unk>  alone, the combination of an<unk>  and another depressant may precipitate respiratory depression often leading to death. These risks are lessened with close monitoring by a physician, who may conduct ongoing screening for changes in patient behavior and treatment compliance.<unk>  antagonist<unk>  effects (adverse or otherwise) can be reversed with an<unk>  antagonist such as naloxone or naltrexone. These competitive antagonists bind to the<unk>  receptors with higher affinity than agonists but do not activate the receptors. This displaces the agonist, attenuating or reversing the agonist effects. However, the elimination half-life of naloxone can be shorter than that of the<unk>  itself, so repeat dosing or continuous infusion may be required, or a longer acting antagonist such as nalmefene may be used. In patients taking<unk> s regularly it is essential that the<unk>  is only partially reversed to avoid a severe and distressing reaction of waking in excruciating pain. This is achieved by not giving a full dose but giving this in small doses until the respiratory rate has improved. An infusion is then started to keep the reversal at that level, while maintaining pain relief.<unk>  antagonists remain the standard treatment for respiratory depression following<unk>  overdose, with naloxone being by far the most commonly used, although the longer acting antagonist nalmefene may be used for treating overdoses of long-acting<unk> s such as methadone, and diprenorphine is used for reversing the effects of extremely potent<unk> s used in veterinary medicine such as etorphine and carfentanil. However, since<unk>  antagonists also block the beneficial effects of<unk>  analgesics, they are generally useful only for treating overdose, with use of<unk>  antagonists alongside<unk>  analgesics to reduce side effects, requiring careful dose titration and often being poorly effective at doses low enough to allow analgesia to be maintained. Naltrexone does not appear to increase risk of serious adverse events, which confirms the safety of oral naltrexone. Mortality or serious adverse events due to rebound toxicity in patients with naloxone were rare.
Opioid
Heroin
Synthetic cannabinoids
Nicotine
Phencyclidine
Cocaine 
Cocaine
Benzphetamine