<unk> , also known as primary<unk> renal insufficiency, is a rare long-term endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the two outer layers of the cells of the<unk> renal glands <unk> renal cortex), causing<unk> renal insufficiency. Symptoms generally come on slowly and insidiously and may include abdominal pain and gastrointestinal abnormalities, weakness, and weight loss. Darkening of the skin in certain areas may also occur. Under certain circumstances, an<unk> renal crisis may occur with low blood pressure, vomiting, lower back pain, and loss of consciousness. Mood changes may also occur. Rapid onset of symptoms indicates acute<unk> renal failure which is a serious and emergent condition. An<unk> renal crisis can be triggered by stress, such as from an injury, surgery, or infection.<unk>  arises from problems with the<unk> renal gland such that not enough of the steroid hormone cortisol and possibly aldosterone are produced. In developed countries, the etiology of<unk>  is often attributed to idiopathic damage by the body's own immune system, and in developing countries most often due to tuberculosis. Other causes include certain medications, sepsis, and bleeding into both<unk> renal glands. Secondary<unk> renal insufficiency is caused by not enough<unk> renocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (produced by the pituitary gland) or corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) (produced by the hypothalamus). Despite this distinction,<unk> renal crises can happen in all forms of<unk> renal insufficiency.<unk>  is generally diagnosed by blood tests, urine tests, and medical imaging.<unk>  can be described in association with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, acquired hypoparathyroidism, diabetes mellitus, pernicious anemia, hypogonadism, chronic and active hepatitis, malabsorption, immunoglobulin abnormalities, alopecia, vitiligo, spontaneous myxedema, Graves' disease, and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Treatment involves replacing the absent hormones. This involves taking a synthetic corticosteroid, such as hydrocortisone or fludrocortisone. These medications are usually taken by mouth. Lifelong, continuous steroid replacement therapy is required, with regular follow-up treatment and monitoring for other health problems. A high-salt diet may also be useful in some people. If symptoms worsen, an injection of corticosteroid is recommended and people should carry a dose with them. Often, large amounts of intravenous fluids with the sugar dextrose are also required. Without treatment, an<unk> renal crisis can result in death.<unk>  affects about 0.9 to 1.4 per 10,000 people in the developed world. It occurs most frequently in middle-aged females. Secondary<unk> renal insufficiency is more prevalent. Long-term outcomes with treatment are typically favorable. It is named after Thomas<unk> dison, a graduate of the University of Edinburgh Medical School, who first described the condition in 1855. The<unk> jective<unk> ian" is used to describe features of the condition, as well as people with<unk> .
Addison's disease
Sheehan's syndrome
Cushing's disease
Wilson's temperature syndrome
Sneddon's syndrome
complications of Acromegaly
Zieve's syndrome
Young's syndrome