Monitoring It is critical for patients who monitor glucose levels at home to be aware of which units of measurement their glucose meter uses. Glucose levels are measured in either: # Millimoles per liter (mmol/l) is the SI standard unit used in most countries around the world. # Milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl) is used in some countries such as the United States, Japan, France, Egypt and Colombia. Scientific journals are moving towards using mmol/l; some journals now use mmol/l as the primary unit but quote mg/dl in parentheses. Glucose levels vary before and after meals, and at various times of day; the definition of "normal" varies among medical professionals. In general, the normal range for most people (fasting adults) is about 4 to 6 mmol/l or 80 to 110 mg/dl. (where 4 mmol/l or 80 mg/dl is "optimal".) A subject with a consistent range above 7 mmol/l or 126 mg/dl is generally held to have<unk> , whereas a consistent range below 4 mmol/l or 70 mg/dl is considered hypoglycemic. In fasting adults, blood plasma glucose should not exceed 7 mmol/l or 126 mg/dL. Sustained higher levels of blood sugar cause damage to the blood vessels and to the organs they supply, leading to the complications of diabetes. Chronic<unk>  can be measured via the HbA1c test. The definition of acute<unk>  varies by study, with mmol/l levels from 8 to 15 (mg/dl levels from 144 to 270). Defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, results in<unk> . Chronic<unk>  can be measured by clinical urine tests which can detect sugar in the urine or microalbuminuria which could be a symptom of diabetes.Group aerobic exercises
Hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Hypoglycemia
Oxyhyperglycemia
Hyperammonemia
Ketosis
Hypothermia
Lactic acidosis