When<unk>  (PS) is present, resistance to blood flow causes right ventricular hypertrophy. If right ventricular failure develops, right atrial pressure will increase, and this may result in a persistent opening of the foramen ovale, shunting of unoxygenated blood from the right atrium into the left atrium, and systemic cyanosis. If pulmonary<unk>  is severe, congestive heart failure occurs, and systemic venous engorgement will be noted. An associated defect such as a patent ductus arteriosus partially compensates for the obstruction by shunting blood from the left ventricle to the aorta then back to the pulmonary artery (as a result of the higher pressure in the left ventricle) and back into the lungs.
Pulmonic stenosis
Pulmonary artery sling
Dextrocardia
Pulmonary vein stenosis
Pulmonary valve stenosis
Tricuspid atresia
Aortopulmonary septal defect
Double aortic arch