Frequently patients will have reduced stereopsis, large accommodative lag on dynamic retinoscopy, and a reduced visual field (tubular or spiral field).<unk>  was first described in 1962 by an optometrist, Dr. John<unk>  as Non-malingering syndrome. In 1962, Dr.<unk>  and Dr. Richard Apell expanded the concept to add early adaptive syndrome as a precursor to<unk> . Dr.<unk>  believed the visual changes were induced by stress from reading. There is dispute on the taxonomy of functional vision defects. Some research indicates that<unk>  may be caused by a dysfunction in the magnocellular pathway of the retinal ganglion cells. These cells are only 10% of the retinal nerve cells and register motion detection. Early Adaptive Syndrome
Streff syndrome
Christianson syndrome
Sly syndrome
Cohen syndrome
Galloway Mowat syndrome
Myhre syndrome
Lyngstadaas syndrome
Fraser syndrome