The exact cause of MIH is unknown but thought to be multifactorial. Pre-natally: risks, such as infection, maternal psychological stress and frequent exposure to ultrasonic scans were all correlated with increased risks of MIH. During the perinatal stage, Pitiphat found that cesarean section and complications during vaginal delivery could contribute to an increased chance of MIH. Children born preterm and those with poor general health or systemic conditions in their first 3 years of development also run a higher risk of developing MIH. It has also been proposed that developmental dental defects were associated with long-term breastfeeding due to exposure to dioxin. More recent evidence has suggested a relationship between respiratory diseases and oxygen shortage of the ameloblasts and MIH. Lastly oxygen shortage combined with low birth weight is suspected to be a contributing factor
Molar incisor hypomineralisation
Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis
Chattering teeth
Shovel-shaped incisors
Cartilage–hair hypoplasia
Impacted wisdom teeth
Maxillary hypoplasia
Enamel hypoplasia