Hydroxocobalamin injection is a clear red liquid solution.<unk>  can be supplemented orally or by injection and appears to be equally effective in those with low levels due to deficient absorption of<unk> . When large doses are given by mouth,<unk>  absorption does not rely on the presence of intrinsic factor or an intact ileum. Instead, these large-dose supplements result in 1% to 5% absorption along the entire intestine by passive diffusion. Generally 1 to 2 mg daily is required as a large dose. Even pernicious anemia can be treated entirely by the oral route. The use of a nasal spray is also available.
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Vitamin A deficiency
Copper deficiency
Biotin deficiency
Megavitamin-B6 syndrome
Vitamin E deficiency
Fluorine deficiency
Zinc deficiency