Formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butylether<unk>  is primarily converted to formaldehyde, which is widely used in many areas, especially polymers. The conversion entails oxidation: :2 CH3OH + O2 -> 2 CH2O + 2 H2O Acetic acid can be produced from<unk> . The Cativa process converts<unk>  into acetic acid.<unk>  and isobutene are combined to give methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). MTBE is a major octane booster in gasoline.<unk>  to hydrocarbons, olefins, gasoline Condensation of<unk>  to produce hydrocarbons and even aromatic systems is the basis of several technologies related to gas to liquids. These include<unk> -to-hydrocarbons (MtH),<unk>  to gasoline (MtG),<unk>  to olefins (MtO), and<unk>  to propylene (MtP). These conversions are catalyzed by zeolites as heterogeneous catalysts. The MtG process was once commercialized at Motunui in New Zealand. Gasoline additive The European Fuel Quality Directive allows fuel producers to blend up to 3%<unk> , with an equal amount of cosolvent, with gasoline sold in Europe. China uses more than 4.5 billion liters of<unk>  per year as a transportation fuel in low level blends for conventional vehicles, and high level blends in vehicles designed for<unk>  fuels. Other chemicals<unk>  is the precursor to most simple methylamines, methyl halides, and methyl ethers. Methyl esters are produced from<unk> , including the transesterification of fats and production of biodiesel via transesterification. Niche and potential uses Energy carrier<unk>  is a promising energy carrier because, as a liquid, it is easier to store than hydrogen and natural gas. Its energy density is, however, low, reflecting the fact that in combustion it uses 60% less of the high-energy O2 than methane, per kg. Its combustion energy density is 15.6 MJ/L, whereas that of<unk>  is 24 and gasoline is 33 MJ/L. Further advantages for<unk>  is its ready biodegradability and low environmental toxicity. It does not persist in either aerobic (oxygen-present) or anaerobic (oxygen-absent) environments. The half-life for<unk>  in groundwater is just one to seven days, while many common gasoline components have half-lives in the hundreds of days (such as benzene at 10–730 days). Since<unk>  is miscible with water and biodegradable, it is unlikely to accumulate in groundwater, surface water, air or soil. Fuel<unk>  is occasionally used to fuel internal combustion engines. It burns forming carbon dioxide and water: : 2 CH3OH + 3 O2 -> 2 CO2 + 4 H2O One problem with high concentrations of<unk>  in fuel is that alcohols corrode some metals, particularly aluminium.<unk>  fuel has been proposed for ground transportation. The chief advantage of a<unk>  economy is that it could be adapted to gasoline internal combustion engines with minimum modification to the engines and to the infrastructure that delivers and stores liquid fuel. Its energy density is, however, only half that of gasoline, meaning that twice the volume of<unk>  would be required.<unk>  is an alternative fuel for ships that helps the shipping industry meet increasingly strict emissions regulations. It significantly reduces emissions of sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter.<unk>  can be used with high efficiency in marine diesel engines after minor modifications using a small amount of pilot fuel (Dual fuel). In China,<unk>  fuels industrial boilers, which are used extensively to generate heat and steam for various industrial applications and residential heating. Its use is displacing coal, which is under pressure from increasingly stringent environmental regulations. Direct-methanol fuel cells are unique in their low temperature, atmospheric pressure operation, which lets them be greatly miniaturized. This, combined with the relatively easy and safe storage and handling of<unk> , may open the possibility of fuel cell-powered consumer electronics, such as laptop computers and mobile phones.<unk>  is also a widely used fuel in camping and boating stoves.<unk>  burns well in an unpressurized burner, so alcohol stoves are often very simple, sometimes little more than a cup to hold fuel. This lack of complexity makes them a favorite of hikers who spend extended time in the wilderness. Similarly, the alcohol can be gelled to reduce risk of leaking or spilling, as with the brand "Sterno".<unk>  is mixed with water and injected into high performance diesel and gasoline engines for an increase of power and a decrease in intake air temperature in a process known as water<unk>  injection. Other applications<unk>  is used as a denaturant for<unk> , the product being known as "denatured alcohol" or "methylated spirit". This was commonly used during the Prohibition to discourage consumption of bootlegged liquor, and ended up causing several deaths. These types of practices are now illegal in the United States, being considered homicide.<unk>  is used as a solvent and as an antifreeze in pipelines and windshield washer fluid.<unk>  was used as an automobile coolant antifreeze in the early 1900s. As of May 2018,<unk>  was banned in the EU for use in windscreen washing or defrosting due to its risk of human consumption as a result of 2012 Czech Republic<unk>  poisonings. In some wastewater treatment plants, a small amount of<unk>  is added to wastewater to provide a carbon food source for the denitrifying bacteria, which convert nitrates to nitrogen gas and reduce the nitrification of sensitive aquifers.<unk>  is used as a destaining agent in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Methanol
Ethylene glycol
Vinyl chloride
Triphenylchloroethylene
Chloroethane
Heptachlor
Chloroform
Beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane