The most effective treatment for minor<unk>  is widely considered to be drinking water and reducing fluid loss. Plain water restores only the volume of the blood plasma, inhibiting the thirst mechanism before solute levels can be replenished. Solid foods can contribute to fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Urine concentration and frequency will return to normal as<unk>  resolves. In some cases, correction of a dehydrated state is accomplished by the replenishment of necessary water and electrolytes (through oral<unk>  therapy, or fluid replacement by intravenous therapy). As oral<unk>  is less painful, non-invasive, inexpensive, and easier to provide, it is the treatment of choice for mild<unk> . Solutions used for intravenous<unk>  must be isotonic or hypertonic. Pure water injected into the veins will cause the breakdown (lysis) of red blood cells (erythrocytes). When fresh water is unavailable (e.g. at sea or in a desert), seawater or drinks with significant alcohol concentration will worsen<unk> . Urine contains a lower solute concentration than seawater; this requires the kidneys to create more urine to remove the excess salt, causing more water to be lost than was consumed from seawater. If a person is dehydrated and taken to a medical facility, IVs can also be used. For severe cases of<unk>  where fainting, unconsciousness, or other severely inhibiting symptoms are present (the patient is incapable of standing or thinking clearly), emergency attention is required. Fluids containing a proper balance of replacement electrolytes are given orally or intravenously with continuing assessment of electrolyte status; complete resolution is normal in all but the most extreme cases.
Dehydration
Altitude sickness
Water intoxication
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome  Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome  1
Hyperosmolar syndrome
Hypovolemia
Exercise-associated hyponatremia
Stress hyperglycemia