Early detection of the disease is important, since physical and neurological damage may be irreversible even if cured. Medications can decrease the risk of those living with people who have<unk>  from acquiring the disease and likely those with whom people with<unk>  come into contact outside the home. The WHO recommends that preventive medicine be given to people who are in close contact with someone who has<unk> . The suggested preventive treatment is a single dose of rifampicin (SDR) in adults and children over 2 years old who do not already have<unk>  or tuberculosis. Preventive treatment is associated with a 57% reduction in infections within 2 years and a 30% reduction in infections within 6 years. The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine offers a variable amount of protection against<unk>  in addition to its closely related target of tuberculosis. It appears to be 26% to 41% effective (based on controlled trials) and about 60% effective based on observational studies with two doses possibly working better than one. The WHO concluded in 2018 that the BCG vaccine at birth reduces<unk>  risk and is recommended in countries with high incidence of TB and people who have<unk> . People living in the same home as a person with<unk>  are suggested to take a BCG booster which may improve their immunity by 56%. Development of a more effective vaccine is ongoing. An novel vaccine called LepVax entered clinical trials in 2017 with the first encouraging results reported on 24 participants published in 2020. If successful, this would be the first<unk> -specific vaccine available.
Leprosy
Sporotrichosis
Onychomycosis
Mumps
Tinea barbae
Tinea faciei
Trichinosis
Tinea manuum