Electrophysiologic testing is an essential part of the evaluation of<unk><unk>  nerve syndrome. Nerve conduction studies may be normal or show pronator quadratus latency.⁠⁠ Electromyography (EMG) is generally most useful and will reveal abnormalities in the flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus I and II and pronator quadratus muscles.⁠⁠ The role or MRI and ultrasound imaging in the diagnosis of Kiloh-Nevin syndrome is unclear.⁠ If asked to make the "OK" sign, patients will make a triangle sign instead. This 'pinch-test' exposes the weakness of the flexor pollicis longus muscle and the flexor digitorum profundus I leading to weakness of the flexion of the distal phalanges of the thumb and index finger. This results in impairment of the pincer movement and the patient will have difficulty picking up a small item, such as a coin, from a flat surface. Ericson's Test Ericson's Test is a clinical maneuver for assessing the strength of the FDP and FPL muscles in<unk><unk>  nerve syndrome, and other proximal entrapments of the median nerve. In contrast to the "OK sign," Ericson's test isolates the action of the FDP and FPL while eliminating the contribution of the tenodesis effect and other adaptations that patients may use, usually unconsciously, to augment distal pincer strength. Failing to control for compensatory wrist tenodesis can mask an underlying proximal median nerve weakness in a patient who can otherwise make a normal OK-sign. While facing the patient in what resembles an arm wrestling stance, with elbows planted firmly on a level surface and maintained touching the thorax, the examiner uses one hand to lock the patient's wrist in neutral, around which the patient curls his fingers. With the other hand, the examiner then attempts to "peel" back the tips of each individual finger against patient resistance. It is crucial that motion of the upper extremity be restricted to the distal IP joint, and that the MP and PIP joints are in full flexion and wrist neutral or slightly flexed. If the distal flexors of the index finger and thumb are weak, the patient will be unable to resist this motion, and Ericson's test is considered positive for proximal median nerve weakness. Ericson's test is frequently positive for proximal median nerve weakness (of which AIN syndrome is but one subtype) even in the context of normal imaging, EMG, and nerve conduction studies, which highlights the clinical nature of the diagnosis. Overreliance on electrical diagnostic workup unfairly excludes patients who would otherwise benefit from surgical decompression.
Anterior interosseous syndrome
Ulnar tunnel syndrome
Heel pad syndrome
Radial tunnel syndrome
Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Iliotibial band syndrome
Milwaukee shoulder syndrome
Femur fibula ulna syndrome