The International Association for the Study of<unk>  recommends using specific features to describe a patient's<unk> : # region of the body involved (e.g. abdomen, lower limbs), # system whose dysfunction may be causing the<unk>  (e.g., nervous, gastrointestinal), # duration and pattern of occurrence, # intensity, and # cause Chronic versus acute<unk>  is usually transitory, lasting only until the noxious stimulus is removed or the underlying damage or pathology has healed, but some<unk> ful conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, peripheral neuropathy, cancer and idiopathic<unk> , may persist for years.<unk>  that lasts a long time is called "chronic" or "persistent", and<unk>  that resolves quickly is called "acute". Traditionally, the distinction between acute and chronic<unk>  has relied upon an arbitrary interval of time between onset and resolution; the two most commonly used markers being 3 months and 6 months since the onset of<unk> , though some theorists and researchers have placed the transition from acute to chronic<unk>  at 12 months. Others apply "acute" to<unk>  that lasts less than 30 days, "chronic" to<unk>  of more than six months' duration, and "subacute" to<unk>  that lasts from one to six months. A popular alternative definition of "chronic<unk> ", involving no arbitrarily fixed duration, is "pain that extends beyond the expected period of healing". Chronic<unk>  may be classified as "cancer-related" or "benign." Allodynia Allodynia is<unk>  experienced in response to a normally<unk> less stimulus. It has no biological function and is classified by stimuli into dynamic mechanical, punctate and static. Phantom Phantom<unk>  is<unk>  felt in a part of the body that has been amputated, or from which the brain no longer receives signals. It is a type of neuropathic<unk> . The prevalence of phantom<unk>  in upper limb amputees is nearly 82%, and in lower limb amputees is 54%. One study found that eight days after amputation, 72% of patients had phantom limb<unk> , and six months later, 67% reported it. Some amputees experience continuous<unk>  that varies in intensity or quality; others experience several bouts of<unk>  per day, or it may reoccur less often. It is often described as shooting, crushing, burning or cramping. If the<unk>  is continuous for a long period, parts of the intact body may become sensitized, so that touching them evokes<unk>  in the phantom limb. Phantom limb<unk>  may accompany urination or defecation. Local anesthetic injections into the nerves or sensitive areas of the stump may relieve<unk>  for days, weeks, or sometimes permanently, despite the drug wearing off in a matter of hours; and small injections of hypertonic saline into the soft tissue between vertebrae produces local<unk>  that radiates into the phantom limb for ten minutes or so and may be followed by hours, weeks or even longer of partial or total relief from phantom<unk> . Vigorous vibration or electrical stimulation of the stump, or current from electrodes surgically implanted onto the spinal cord, all produce relief in some patients. Mirror box therapy produces the illusion of movement and touch in a phantom limb which in turn may cause a reduction in<unk> . Paraplegia, the loss of sensation and voluntary motor control after serious spinal cord damage, may be accompanied by girdle<unk>  at the level of the spinal cord damage, visceral<unk>  evoked by a filling bladder or bowel, or, in five to ten per cent of paraplegics, phantom body<unk>  in areas of complete sensory loss. This phantom body<unk>  is initially described as burning or tingling but may evolve into severe crushing or pinching<unk> , or the sensation of fire running down the legs or of a knife twisting in the flesh. Onset may be immediate or may not occur until years after the disabling injury. Surgical treatment rarely provides lasting relief. Breakthrough Breakthrough<unk>  is transitory<unk>  that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's regular<unk>  management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background<unk>  that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe<unk>  that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer<unk>  vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough<unk>  can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl. Asymbolia and insensitivity A patient and doctor discuss congenital insensitivity to<unk>  The ability to experience<unk>  is essential for protection from injury, and recognition of the presence of injury. Episodic analgesia may occur under special circumstances, such as in the excitement of sport or war: a soldier on the battlefield may feel no<unk>  for many hours from a traumatic amputation or other severe injury. Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of<unk> , it is possible to induce a state described as intense<unk>  devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have<unk>  but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of<unk>  but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to<unk>  can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find<unk>  unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the<unk>  stimulus. Insensitivity to<unk>  may also result from abnormalities in the nervous system. This is usually the result of acquired damage to the nerves, such as spinal cord injury, diabetes mellitus (diabetic neuropathy), or leprosy in countries where that disease is prevalent. These individuals are at risk of tissue damage and infection due to undiscovered injuries. People with diabetes-related nerve damage, for instance, sustain poorly-healing foot ulcers as a result of decreased sensation. A much smaller number of people are insensitive to<unk>  due to an inborn abnormality of the nervous system, known as "congenital insensitivity to<unk> ". Children with this condition incur carelessly-repeated damage to their tongues, eyes, joints, skin, and muscles. Some die before adulthood, and others have a reduced life expectancy. Most people with congenital insensitivity to<unk>  have one of five hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (which includes familial dysautonomia and congenital insensitivity to<unk>  with anhidrosis). These conditions feature decreased sensitivity to<unk>  together with other neurological abnormalities, particularly of the autonomic nervous system. A very rare syndrome with isolated congenital insensitivity to<unk>  has been linked with mutations in the SCN9A gene, which codes for a sodium channel (Nav1.7) necessary in conducting<unk>  nerve stimuli.
symptom of Chest pain
symptom of Pericarditis
symptom of Mouth breathing
symptom of Air embolism
symptom of Hypoxia 
symptom of Lipedema
symptom of Constrictive pericarditis
symptom of Pulmonary embolism