The underdevelopment of the bones in the upper jaw, which gives the middle of the face a sunken look. This can make it difficult to eat and can cause future problems for the patient, such as nasopharyngeal airway restriction, which can then lead to back pain, neck pain, and numbness in the hands and arms, due to constant forward head posture. This restriction can also lead to sleep apnea and snoring. Sleep apnea can lead to heart problems, endocrine problems, increased weight, and cognition problems, among other issues.
Maxillary hypoplasia
Hypodontia
Anodontia
Hemifacial microsomia
Condylar hypoplasia
Micrognathism
Iniencephaly
Thumb hypoplasia