<unk>  (VWF), also known as hand-arm<unk>  syndrome (HAVS) or dead finger, is a secondary form of Raynaud's syndrome, an industrial injury triggered by continuous use of<unk> g hand-held machinery. Use of the term<unk>  has generally been superseded in professional usage by broader concept of HAVS, although it is still used by the general public. The symptoms of<unk>  are the vascular component of HAVS. HAVS is a widespread recognized industrial disease affecting tens of thousands of workers. It is a disorder that affects the blood vessels, nerves, muscles, and joints of the hand, wrist, and arm. Its best known effect is<unk> -induced<unk>  finger (VWF), a term introduced by the Industrial Injury Advisory Council in 1970. Injury can occur at frequencies between 5 and 2000 Hz but the greatest risk for fingers is between 50 and 300 Hz. The total risk exposure for hand and arm is calculated by the use of ISO 5349-1, which stipulates maximum damage between 8 and 16 Hz and a rapidly declining risk at higher frequencies. The ISO 5349-1 frequency risk assessment has been criticized as corresponding poorly to observational data; more recent research suggests that medium and high frequency<unk> s also increase HAVS risk.
Vibration white finger
Broken finger
Rocker bottom foot
Jammed finger
Ape hand deformity
Trigger finger
Habit-tic deformity
Jersey finger