The outbreak of<unk> -related lung<unk> es in 2019 and 2020 mainly affected young people, primarily in the United States. , there have been 2,758 cases of VAPI reported from all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands. The CDC has received complete gender and age data on these cases with 70% of cases being male. The median age of cases is 24 years and ranges from 13 to 85 years. 79% of cases are under 35 years old. There have been 64 confirmed deaths in 28 states and the District of Columbia from this outbreak ranging from ages 15–75 years old. Of the 2,051 cases reported to the CDC, information on substance use is known for 867 cases in the three months prior to symptom onset as of October 15, 2019. About 86% reported using THC-containing products; 34% reported exclusive use of THC-containing products. About 64% reported using nicotine-containing products; 11% reported exclusive use of nicotine-containing products. On September 28, 2019, the first case of<unk>  was identified in Canada. A number of other probable cases have been reported in British Columbia and New Brunswick as of October 2019. In September 2019, a US Insurance Journal article stated that at least 15 incidents of<unk>  related illnesses have been reported worldwide prior to 2019, occurring from Guam to Japan to the UK to the US. 12 cases of health problems with nicotine-containing e-cigarettes were reported to the UK's Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), with at least one case bearing high similarities to the lipid pneumonia cases reported in the US. One lipoid pneumonia-related death in the UK was associated with e-cigarettes in 2010. Medical officials in continental Europe have reported two cases serious medical problems related to<unk>  products, one early case related to e-cigarettes documented in Northern Spain in 2015 and a second in Belgium in 2019. Since many of the cases in North America were traced to THC cartridges as well as the use of e-cigarette vape products, but THC remains illegal in European countries, the disease burden related to<unk>  has been significantly lower in Europe despite the prevalence of e-cigarette use. Before the outbreak, one lipoid pneumonia-related death in the UK was associated with e-cigarettes in 2010. 18 year-old Raphaël Pauwaert from Brussels died on November 6, 2019, after developing pneumonia and being placed in a medically induced coma because he was unable to breathe on his own. He received an e-cigarette as a gift for his 18th birthday. His doctor stated Pauwaert's fatal lung infection probably resulted from the CBD vapor. This was considered the first death tied to<unk>  in Belgium. Pauwaert's CBD oils were tested for vitamin E at the Saint-Luc Hospital in November 2019. "Vitamin E (alpha tocopherol) and vitamin E acetate were not detected in the<unk>  fluid by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with UV detection." The death is under investigation by the Brussels Public Prosecutor's Office. A friend of Pauwaert's was also hospitalized with the identical symptoms after using the same type of e-cigarette, but he survived. The first case of a<unk> -related lung illness in the Philippines was reported in November 2019. A 16-year-old girl from central Philippines was<unk>  e-cigarettes for half a year. She had difficulty breathing and was admitted to the hospital in October 2019. She was discharged after she received treatment from a pediatric pulmonologist.
Vaping-associated pulmonary injury
Ventilator-associated lung injury
Swimming-induced pulmonary edema
Occult pneumonia
Ventilator-associated pneumonia
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome