<unk>  is a form of psychosurgery, introduced in 1948 as an alternative to lobotomy. Today, it is mainly used in the treatment of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In the early years of the twenty-first century, it was used in Russia to treat addiction. It is also used in the treatment of chronic pain. The objective of this procedure is the severing of the supracallosal fibres of the cingulum bundle, which pass through the anterior cingulate gyrus.
Bilateral cingulotomy
Corpus callosotomy
Thalamotomy
Anterior temporal lobectomy
Auditory brainstem implant
Amygdalohippocampectomy
Magnetic seizure therapy
Amygdalotomy