<unk>  (PUBS), also called<unk> ocentesis, fetal<unk>  sampling, or<unk>  vein sampling is a diagnostic genetic test that examines<unk>  from the fetal<unk> <unk>  to detect fetal abnormalities. Fetal and maternal<unk>  supply are typically connected in utero with one vein and two arteries to the fetus. The<unk>  vein is responsible for delivering oxygen rich<unk>  to the fetus from the mother; the<unk>  arteries are responsible for removing oxygen poor<unk>  from the fetus. This allows for the fetus’ tissues to properly perfuse. PUBS provides a means of rapid chromosome analysis and is useful when information cannot be obtained through amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, or ultrasound (or if the results of these tests were inconclusive); this test carries a significant risk of complication and is typically reserved for pregnancies determined to be at high risk for genetic defect. It has been used with mothers with immune thrombocytopenic purpura.
Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling
Fetal scalp blood testing
Fetal echocardiography
Amniocentesis
Fetal EEG
Fetal scalp stimulation test
Chorionic villus sampling
Apgar score