If the diagnosis is made during stage 1 it may be possible to treat the disease with oral isoprinosine (Inosiplex) and intraventricular interferon alfa, but the response to these drugs varies from patient to patient, and the only accepted treatments are supportive measures such as anticonvulsants. Following onset of stage 2, the disease is invariably fatal.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Hashimoto's encephalopathy
Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids
Intravascular lymphomas
HIV-associated nephropathy
Toxic leukoencephalopathy
Progressive rubella panencephalitis