<unk>  is expressed as the skill of understanding what a patient says and feels, and effectively communicating this understanding to the patient. The opposite of<unk>  is<unk>  detachment. Detached concern, or<unk>  detachment, is the ability to distance oneself from the patient in order to serve the patient from an objective standpoint. For physicians to maximize their role as providers, a balance must be developed between<unk>  detachment and<unk> . In 2001, an instrument was created to measure a physician's<unk>  towards each patient. This tool is called the Jefferson Scale of Physician<unk> . The 20-item questionnaire was originally developed for administration to medical students and physicians but has extended to dentistry and nursing because it is easy to interpret, administer, and analyze. From a student's first year to their fourth year in medical school,<unk>  scores on the Jefferson Scale of Physician<unk>  (S-version) decrease. Both gender and specialty choice affect<unk>  scores, favoring women and primary care specialties.
Clinical empathy
Respect for persons
Cultural humility
External support
Structural competency
Cost sharing
Mental health trust
Personal narrative