<unk>  is a surgical emergency. Delayed surgery can result in permanent brain damage or death. Without surgery, death usually follows, due to enlargement of the<unk> , causing a brain herniation. As with other types of intracranial<unk> s, the blood almost always must be removed surgically to reduce the pressure on the brain. The<unk>  is evacuated through a burr hole or craniotomy. If transfer to a facility with neurosurgery is unavailable, prolonged trephination (drilling a hole into the skull) may be performed in the emergency department. Large<unk> s and blood clots may require an open craniotomy. Medications may be given after surgery. They may include antiseizure medications and hyperosmotic agents to reduce brain swelling and intracranial pressure. It is extremely rare to not require surgery. If the volume of the<unk>  is less than 30 mL, the clot diameter less than 15 mm, a Glasgow Coma Score above 8, and no visible neurological symptoms, then it may be possible to treat it conservatively. A CT scan should be performed, and watchful waiting should be done, as the<unk>  may suddenly expand.
Epidural hematoma
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Subdural empyema
Traumatic brain injury
Brain herniation
Brain abscess
Subdural hematoma
Transient ischemic attack