Disability-adjusted life year for<unk>  per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004. Deaths from<unk>  per million persons in 2012 Complications of acute<unk>  consists of perforation of the ear drum, infection of the mastoid space behind the ear (mastoiditis), and more rarely intracranial complications can occur, such as bacterial meningitis, brain abscess, or dural sinus thrombosis. It is estimated that each year 21,000 people die due to complications of<unk> . Membrane rupture In severe or untreated cases, the tympanic membrane may perforate, allowing the pus in the middle-ear space to drain into the ear canal. If there is enough, this drainage may be obvious. Even though the perforation of the tympanic membrane suggests a highly painful and traumatic process, it is almost always associated with a dramatic relief of pressure and pain. In a simple case of acute<unk>  in an otherwise healthy person, the body's defenses are likely to resolve the infection and the ear drum nearly always heals. An option for severe acute<unk>  in which analgesics are not controlling ear pain is to perform a tympanocentesis, i.e., needle aspiration through the tympanic membrane to relieve the ear pain and to identify the causative organism(s). Hearing loss Children with recurrent episodes of acute<unk>  and those with<unk>  with effusion or chronic suppurative<unk>  have higher risks of developing conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. Globally approximately 141 million people have mild hearing loss due to<unk>  (2.1% of the population). This is more common in males (2.3%) than females (1.8%). This hearing loss is mainly due to fluid in the middle ear or rupture of the tympanic membrane. Prolonged duration of<unk>  is associated with ossicular complications and, together with persistent tympanic membrane perforation, contributes to the severity of the disease and hearing loss. When a cholesteatoma or granulation tissue is present in the middle ear, the degree of hearing loss and ossicular destruction is even greater. Periods of conductive hearing loss from<unk>  may have a detrimental effect on speech development in children. Some studies have linked<unk>  to learning problems, attention disorders, and problems with social adaptation. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that individuals with<unk>  have more depression/anxiety-related disorders compared to individuals with normal hearing. Once the infections resolve and hearing thresholds return to normal, childhood<unk>  may still cause minor and irreversible damage to the middle ear and cochlea. More research on the importance of screening all children under 4 years old for<unk>  with effusion needs to be performed.
Otitis media
Chorditis
Rhinitis medicamentosa
Aerosinusitis
Fungal sinusitis
Otitis externa
Rhinosinusitis
Streptococcal pharyngitis