<unk>  is absorbed in the small intestine without help of digestive enzymes. Even in healthy persons, however, only about 25–50 g of<unk>  per sitting can be properly absorbed. People with<unk>  absorb less than 25 g per sitting. Simultaneous ingestion of<unk>  and sorbitol seems to increase malabsorption of<unk> .<unk>  that has not been adequately absorbed is fermented by intestinal bacteria producing hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and short-chain fatty acids. This abnormal increase in hydrogen may be detectable with the hydrogen breath test. The physiological consequences of<unk>  include increased osmotic load, rapid bacterial fermentation, altered gastrointestinal motility, the formation of mucosal biofilm and altered profile of bacteria. These effects are additive with other short-chain poorly absorbed carbohydrates such as sorbitol. The clinical significance of these events depends upon the response of the bowel to such changes. Some effects of<unk>  are decreased tryptophan, folic acid and zinc in the blood. Restricting dietary intake of free<unk>  and/or fructans may provide symptom relief in a high proportion of patients with functional gut disorders.
Fructose malabsorption
Glucose-galactose malabsorption
Sucrose intolerance
Lactose intolerance
Bile acid malabsorption
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Lysinuric protein intolerance
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth