The cause of EHS is unknown. A number of hypotheses have been put forth with the most common being dysfunction of the reticular formation in the brainstem responsible for transition between waking and sleeping. Other theories into causes of EHS include: * Minor seizures affecting the temporal lobe * Ear dysfunctions, including sudden shifts in middle ear components or the Eustachian tube, or a rupture of the membranous labyrinth or labyrinthine fistula * Stress and anxiety * Variable and broken sleep, associated with a decline in delta sleep * Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome * Temporary calcium channel dysfunction * PTSD<unk>  was first described in the 19th century, and may have first been mentioned in the 17th century. Despite evidence of EHS through centuries, some individuals hold the belief that EHS episodes are not natural events, but are the effects of directed energy weapons which create an auditory effect. Thus, EHS has been worked into conspiracy theories, but there is no scientific evidence that EHS has non-natural origins.
Exploding head syndrome
Otodental syndrome
Hypnoid state
Emergence delirium
Diencephalic syndrome
Perisylvian syndrome
Brain herniation
Myxedema coma