Left orbital floor fracture Radiography, imaging of tissues using X-rays, is used to rule out<unk>  fractures. Angiography (X-rays taken of the inside of blood vessels) can be used to locate the source of bleeding. However the complex bones and tissues of the face can make it difficult to interpret plain radiographs; CT scanning is better for detecting fractures and examining soft tissues, and is often needed to determine whether surgery is necessary, but it is more expensive and difficult to obtain. CT scanning is usually considered to be more definitive and better at detecting<unk>  injuries than X-ray. CT scanning is especially likely to be used in people with multiple injuries who need CT scans to assess for other injuries anyway. Classification 100px 125px Le Fort I fractures 100px 125px Le Fort II fractures 100px 125px Le Fort III fractures Soft tissue injuries include abrasions, lacerations, avulsions, bruises, burns and cold injuries. The<unk>  bones Commonly injured<unk>  bones include the nasal bone (the nose), the maxilla (the bone that forms the upper jaw), and the mandible (the lower jaw). The mandible may be fractured at its symphysis, body, angle, ramus, and condyle. The zygoma (cheekbone) and the frontal bone (forehead) are other sites for fractures. Fractures may also occur in the bones of the palate and those that come together to form the orbit of the eye. At the beginning of the 20th century, René Le Fort mapped typical locations for<unk>  fractures; these are now known as Le Fort I, II, and III fractures (right). Le Fort I fractures, also called Guérin or horizontal maxillary fractures, involve the maxilla, separating it from the palate. Le Fort II fractures, also called pyramidal fractures of the maxilla, cross the nasal bones and the orbital rim. Le Fort III fractures, also called craniofacial disjunction and transverse<unk>  fractures, cross the front of the maxilla and involve the lacrimal bone, the lamina papyracea, and the orbital floor, and often involve the ethmoid bone, are the most serious. Le Fort fractures, which account for 10–20% of<unk>  fractures, are often associated with other serious injuries. Le Fort made his classifications based on work with cadaver skulls, and the classification system has been criticized as imprecise and simplistic since most midface fractures involve a combination of Le Fort fractures. Although most<unk>  fractures do not follow the patterns described by Le Fort precisely, the system is still used to categorize injuries.
Facial trauma
Acoustic trauma
Dental avulsion
Barotrauma
Thermal trauma
Electrical injury
Penetrating trauma
Trauma