Effects of<unk>  are thought to be diffuse axonal injury, oxygen deprivation and swelling of the brain, which can raise pressure inside the skull and damage delicate brain tissue, although witnessed<unk> g events have not lead to such injuries. Traumatic<unk> g occurs when a child is<unk>  in such a way that its head is flung backwards and forwards. In 1971, Guthkelch, a neurosurgeon, hypothesized that such<unk> g can result in a subdural hematoma, in the absence of any detectable external signs of injury to the skull. The article describes two cases in which the parents admitted that for various reasons they had<unk>  the child before it became ill. Moreover, one of the babies had retinal hemorrhages. The association between traumatic<unk> g, subdural hematoma and retinal hemorrhages was described in 1972 and referred to as whiplash<unk>  infant<unk> . The injuries were believed to occur because<unk> g the child subjected the head to acceleration–deceleration and rotational forces. Force There has been controversy regarding the amount of force required to produce the brain damage seen in<unk> . There is broad agreement, even amongst skeptics, that<unk> g of a baby is dangerous and can be fatal. A biomechanical analysis published in 2005 reported that "forceful<unk> g can severely injure or kill an infant, this is because the cervical spine would be severely injured and not because subdural hematomas would be caused by high head rotational accelerations... an infant head subjected to the levels of rotational velocity and acceleration called for in the<unk>  literature, would experience forces on the infant neck far exceeding the limits for structural failure of the cervical spine. Furthermore,<unk> g cervical spine injury can occur at much lower levels of head velocity and acceleration than those reported for<unk> ." Other authors were critical of the mathematical analysis by Bandak, citing concerns about the calculations the author used concluding "In light of the numerical errors in Bandak’s neck force estimations, we question the resolute tenor of Bandak’s conclusions that neck injuries would occur in all<unk> g events." Other authors critical of the model proposed by Bandak concluding "the mechanical analogue proposed in the paper may not be entirely appropriate when used to model the motion of the head and neck of infants when a baby is<unk> ." Bandak responded to the criticism in a letter to the editor published in Forensic Science International in February 2006.
Shaken baby syndrome
Neonatal meningitis
Michelin tire baby syndrome
Blue baby syndrome
Neonatal stroke
Omphalitis of newborn
Gray baby syndrome
Neonatal diabetes