<unk>  is a rare genetic condition characterized by reduced body fat and increased skeletal<unk>  size. Affected individuals have up to twice the usual amount of<unk>  mass in their bodies, but increases in<unk>  strength are not usually congruent.<unk>  is not known to cause medical problems, and affected individuals are intellectually normal. The prevalence of this condition is unknown. Mutations in the MSTN gene cause<unk> . The MSTN gene provides instructions for making a protein called<unk> , which is active in<unk> s used for movement (skeletal<unk> s) both before and after birth. This protein normally restrains<unk>  growth, ensuring that<unk> s do not grow too large. Mutations that reduce the production of functional<unk>  lead to an overgrowth of<unk>  tissue.<unk>  has a pattern of inheritance known as incomplete autosomal dominance. People with a mutation in both copies of the gene in each cell (homozygotes) have significantly increased<unk>  mass. People with a mutation in one copy of the MSTN gene in each cell (heterozygotes) also have increased<unk>  bulk but to a lesser degree. The effect of this growth factor was first described in cattle as “bovine muscular<unk> ” by the British farmer H. Culley in 1807. Cattle that have a<unk>  gene deletion look unusually and excessively muscular.
Myostatin-related muscle hypertrophy
Neurobiological effects of physical exercise
Hypokalemic sensory overstimulation
Corticosteroid-induced lipodystrophy
Neuroendocrine hyperplasia
Insulin resistance
Adrenocortical hyperfunction
Rapid hormone cycling