Women with pregestational diabetes are at the highest risk for fetal malformations. The risk of congenital malformations in pregestational type 1 diabetes is directly correlated with glucose and glycohemoglobin levels in the blood. It is also inversely related to the gestational age at first exposure. The comorbidities associated with pregestational type 2 diabetes include advanced maternal age, lipid preroxidation and obesity. Overweight women (BMI ≥ 25) who develop gestational diabetes have an intermediate risk for malformations. Pregnant women who have gestational diabetes but don't have prediabetic markers experience perinatal outcomes that are similar to women without diabetes.
Diabetic embryopathy
Uremic fetor
Fetus in fetu
Toxic abortion
Fetal hydantoin syndrome
Abortion in Brunei
Fetal warfarin syndrome
Heterotopic pregnancy