Basics<unk>  is developed within a pragmatic philosophy called functional contextualism.<unk>  is based on relational frame theory (RFT), a comprehensive theory of language and cognition that is derived from behavior analysis. Both<unk>  and RFT are based on B. F. Skinner's philosophy of radical behaviorism.<unk>  differs from some other kinds of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in that rather than trying to teach people to better control their thoughts, feelings, sensations, memories and other private events,<unk>  teaches them to "just notice," accept, and embrace their private events, especially previously unwanted ones.<unk>  helps the individual get in contact with a transcendent sense of self known as self-as-context—the you who is always there observing and experiencing and yet distinct from one's thoughts, feelings, sensations, and memories.<unk>  aims to help the individual clarify their personal values and to take<unk> ion on them, bringing more vitality and meaning to their life in the process, increasing their psychological flexibility. While Western psychology has typically operated under the "healthy normality" assumption which states that by their nature, humans are psychologically healthy,<unk>  assumes, rather, that psychological processes of a normal human mind are often destructive. The core conception of<unk>  is that psychological suffering is usually caused by experiential avoidance, cognitive entanglement, and resulting psychological rigidity that leads to a failure to take needed behavioral steps in accord with core values. As a simple way to summarize the model,<unk>  views the core of many problems to be due to the concepts represented in the acronym, FEAR:Cards used as a therapeutic<unk> ivity in<unk>  treatment. * Fusion with your thoughts * Evaluation of experience * Avoidance of your experience * Reason-giving for your behavior And the healthy alternative is to<unk> : * Accept your thoughts and emotions * Choose a valued direction * Take<unk> ion Core principles<unk>  commonly employs six core principles to help clients develop psychological flexibility: # Cognitive defusion: Learning methods to reduce the tendency to reify thoughts, images, emotions, and memories. #<unk> : Allowing unwanted private experiences (thoughts, feelings and urges) to come and go without struggling with them. # Contact with the present moment: Awareness of the here and now, experienced with openness, interest, and receptiveness. (e.g., mindfulness) # The observing self: Accessing a transcendent sense of self, a continuity of consciousness which is unchanging. # Values: Discovering what is most important to oneself. # Committed<unk> ion: Setting goals according to values and carrying them out responsibly, in the service of a meaningful life. Correlational evidence has found that absence of psychological flexibility predicts many forms of psychopathology. A 2005 meta-analysis showed that the six<unk>  principles, on average, account for 16–29% of the variance in psychopathology (general mental health, depression, anxiety) at baseline, depending on the measure, using correlational methods. A 2012 meta-analysis of 68 laboratory-based studies on<unk>  components has also provided support for the link between psychological flexibility concepts and specific components.
Acceptance and commitment therapy
Sexual trauma therapy
Person-centered therapy
Suicide intervention
Institutional psychotherapy
Cognitive therapy
Insight-oriented psychotherapy
Scrambler therapy