The only certain way to prevent FAS is to avoid drinking<unk>  during pregnancy. In the United States, the Surgeon General recommended in 1981, and again in 2005, that women abstain from<unk>  use while pregnant or while planning a pregnancy, the latter to avoid damage even in the earliest stages (even weeks) of a pregnancy, as the woman may not be aware that she has conceived. The Centers for Disease Control and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists also recommend no<unk>  during pregnancy. In the United States, federal legislation has required that warning labels be placed on all<unk> ic beverage containers since 1988 under the<unk> ic Beverage Labeling Act. There is some controversy surrounding the "zero-tolerance" approach taken by many countries when it comes to<unk>  consumption during pregnancy. The assertion that moderate drinking causes FAS is said to lack strong evidence and, in fact, the practice of equating a responsible level of drinking with potential harm to the fetus may have negative social, legal, and health impacts. In addition, special care should be taken when considering statistics on this disease, as prevalence and causation is often linked with<unk> , which is more common and causes less harm, as opposed to FAS.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Fetal hydantoin syndrome
Williams syndrome
Congenital rubella syndrome
Neonatal encephalopathy
Fetal trimethadione syndrome
Fetal warfarin syndrome