<unk><unk>  is the compulsive use of<unk>  despite adverse consequences. It arises through epigenetic modification (e.g., through HDAC, sirtuin, and G9a) and transcriptional regulation (primarily through ΔFosB's AP-1 complex) of genes in the nucleus accumbens.
Epigenetics of cocaine addiction
Epigenetics of anxiety and stress–related disorders
Epigenetics of neurodegenerative diseases
Disease theory of alcoholism
Epigenetics of schizophrenia
Genetics of post-traumatic stress disorder
European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence
Life-process model of addiction