In 2015,<unk>  failure affected about 40 million people globally. Overall, around 2% of adults have<unk>  failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. Above 75 years old, rates are greater than 10%. Rates are predicted to increase. Increasing rates are mostly because of increasing lifespan, but also because of increased risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity) and improved survival rates from other types of cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, valvular disease, and arrhythmias).<unk>  failure is the leading cause of hospitalization in people older than 65. United States In the United States,<unk>  failure affects 5.8 million people, and each year 550,000 new cases are diagnosed. In 2011,<unk>  failure was the most common reason for hospitalization for adults aged 85 years and older, and the second-most common for adults aged 65–84 years. An estimated one in five adults at age 40 will develop<unk>  failure during their remaining lifetimes and about half of people who develop<unk>  failure die within 5 years of diagnosis.<unk>  failure is much higher in African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and recent immigrants from the Eastern Bloc countries such as Russia. This high prevalence in these ethnic minority populations has been linked to high incidence of diabetes and hypertension. In many new immigrants to the U.S., the high prevalence of<unk>  failure has largely been attributed to lack of preventive<unk> h care or substandard treatment. Nearly one of every four people (24.7%) hospitalized in the U.S. with congestive<unk>  failure are readmitted within 30 days. Additionally, more than 50% of people seek readmission within 6 months after treatment and the average duration of hospital stay is 6 days.<unk>  failure is a leading cause of hospital readmissions in the U.S. People aged 65 and older were readmitted at a rate of 24.5 per 100 admissions in 2011. In the same year, people under Medicaid were readmitted at a rate of 30.4 per 100 admissions, and uninsured people were readmitted at a rate of 16.8 per 100 admissions. These are the highest readmission rates for both categories. Notably,<unk>  failure was not among the top-10 conditions with the most 30-day readmissions among the privately insured. United Kingdom In the UK, despite moderate improvements in prevention,<unk>  failure rates have increased due to population growth and ageing. Overall<unk>  failure rates are similar to the four most common causes of cancer (breast, lung, prostate, and colon) combined. People from deprived backgrounds are more likely to be diagnosed with<unk>  failure and at a younger age. Developing world In tropical countries, the most common cause of HF is valvular<unk>  disease or some type of cardiomyopathy. As underdeveloped countries have become more affluent, the incidences of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity have increased, which have in turn raised the incidence of<unk>  failure. Sex Men have a higher incidence of<unk>  failure, but the overall prevalence rate is similar in both sexes since women survive longer after the onset of<unk>  failure. Women tend to be older when diagnosed with<unk>  failure (after menopause), they are more likely than men to have diastolic dysfunction, and seem to experience a lower overall quality of life than men after diagnosis. Ethnicity Some sources state that people of Asian descent are at a higher risk of<unk>  failure than other ethnic groups. Other sources however have found that rates of<unk>  failure are similar to rates found in other ethnic groups.
complications of Congenital heart defect
complications of Myocardial infarction
complications of Arrhythmia
medical cause of Cardiomegaly
symptom of Congenital heart defect
symptoms of Birth defect
complications of Tetralogy of Fallot
complications of Pulmonary embolism