Regulating voice use For individuals who work with their voice (e.g., singers, actors, teachers, stock brokers), voice training that includes<unk>  function exercises (VFEs) may help reduce undue<unk>  strain. Furthermore, recommendations for voice professionals include warm-up and cool-down exercises for the voice to reduce strain. Additionally, using amplification devices, such as speakers or microphones, is recommended for individuals who speak to large, and even small groups or in the presence of background noise. Hydration Staying hydrated decreases the pressure that the<unk>  folds exert on one another by ensuring sufficient lubrication by mucosa, increasing the efficiency of<unk>  fold oscillation during speech, and promoting a healthy voice quality. Consumption of caffeine in large quantities is dehydrating and is therefore implicated in an increased risk of<unk>  fold nodules. Lifestyle changes Behaviours such as frequent throat clearing, shouting, speaking over background noise, and hard crying are associated with an increased risk of developing nodules and other<unk>  pathologies. Furthermore, unconventional voice practices such as speaking in the falsetto register, cause excessive strain and may result in nodules. The avoidance of damaging<unk>  behaviours may prevent the formation of nodules. Tobacco, alcohol, certain medications, and recreational drugs have also been implicated in pathologies of the<unk>  folds. Reducing exposure to these substances has been shown to reduce one's risk of nodules. Other behaviours that are implicated in<unk>  fold nodules include poor sleeping habits and poor nutrition.
Vocal cord nodule
Colloid nodule
Tracheobronchomegaly
Vocal cord cyst
Ground-glass opacity
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
Cold nodule
Tracheal agenesis