Hyperpigmentation as seen in a woman with<unk>  The symptoms of<unk>  generally develop gradually. Symptoms may include fatigue, muscle weakness, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, lightheadedness upon standing, irritability, depression, and diarrhea. Some people have cravings for salty foods due to the loss of sodium through their urine. Hyperpigmentation of the skin may be seen, particularly when the person lives in a sunny area, as well as darkening of the palmar crease, sites of friction, recent scars, the vermilion border of the lips, and genital skin. These skin changes are not encountered in secondary and tertiary hypoadrenalism. * Skin changes * Hyperpigmentation of the skin * Vitiligo * Gastrointestinal changes * Nausea and vomiting * Weight loss * Abdominal pain * Less common but still occurring: malnutrition and muscle wasting * Behavioral disorders * Anxiety * Depression * Irritability * Poor concentration * Changes in females * Loss or irregularity of menstrual cycle * Loss of body hair * Decreased sexual drive On physical examination, these clinical signs may be noticed: * Low blood pressure with or without orthostatic hypotension (blood pressure that decreases with standing) * Darkening (hyperpigmentation) of the skin, including areas not exposed to the sun – characteristic sites of darkening are skin creases (e.g., of the hands), nipple, and the inside of the cheek (buccal mucosa); also, old scars may darken. This occurs because melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and ACTH share the same precursor molecule, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). After production in the anterior pituitary gland, POMC gets cleaved into gamma-MSH, ACTH, and beta-lipotropin. The subunit ACTH undergoes further cleavage to produce alpha-MSH, the most important MSH for skin pigmentation. In secondary and tertiary forms of<unk> renal insufficiency, skin darkening does not occur, as ACTH is not overproduced.<unk>  is associated with the development of other autoimmune diseases, such as type I diabetes, thyroid disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis), celiac disease, or vitiligo.<unk>  may be the only manifestation of undiagnosed celiac disease. Both diseases share the same genetic risk factors (HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes). The presence of<unk> dison's in<unk> dition to mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism, or both, is called autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1. The presence of<unk> dison's in<unk> dition to autoimmune thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, or both, is called autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2.<unk> renal crisis An "adrenal crisis" or<unk> ian crisis" is a constellation of symptoms that indicates severe<unk> renal insufficiency. This may be the result of either previously undiagnosed<unk> , a disease process suddenly affecting<unk> renal function (such as<unk> renal hemorrhage), or an intercurrent problem (e.g., infection, trauma) in someone known to have<unk> . It is a medical emergency and potentially life-threatening situation requiring immediate emergency treatment. Characteristic symptoms are: * Sudden penetrating pain in the legs, lower back, or abdomen * Severe vomiting and diarrhea, resulting in dehydration * Low blood pressure * Syncope (loss of consciousness and ability to stand) * Hypoglycemia (reduced level of blood glucose) * Confusion, psychosis, slurred speech * Severe lethargy * Hyponatremia (low sodium level in the blood) * Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium level in the blood) * Hypercalcemia (elevated calcium level in the blood) * Convulsions * Fever
Addison's disease
Sheehan's syndrome
Cushing's disease
Wilson's temperature syndrome
Sneddon's syndrome
complications of Acromegaly
Zieve's syndrome
Young's syndrome