An<unk>  <unk> , also known as an independent ethics committee (IEC), ethical<unk>  board (ERB), or research ethics board (REB), is a committee that applies research ethics by<unk> ing the methods proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical. Such boards are formally designated to approve (or reject), monitor, and<unk>  biomedical and behavioral research involving humans. They often conduct some form of risk-benefit analysis in an attempt to determine whether or not research should be conducted. The purpose of the<unk>  is to assure that appropriate steps are taken to protect the rights and welfare of humans participating as subjects in a research study. Along with developed countries, many developing countries have established national, regional or local<unk> s in order to safeguard ethical conduct of research concerning both national and international norms, regulations or codes. A key goal of<unk> s is to protect human subjects from physical or psychological harm, which they attempt to do by<unk> ing research protocols and related materials. The protocol<unk>  assesses the ethics of the research and its methods, promotes fully informed and voluntary participation by prospective subjects capable of making such choices (or, if that is not possible, informed permission given by a suitable proxy), and seeks to maximize the safety of subjects. While its composition varies, it often includes a balance of academia and non-academia members. This serves to provide a greater scope of understanding which helps ensure ethics in research.<unk> s are most commonly used for studies in the fields of health and the social sciences, including anthropology, sociology, and psychology. Such studies may be clinical trials of new drugs or devices, studies of personal or social behavior, opinions or attitudes, or studies of how health care is delivered and might be improved.
Institutional review board
Ethics committee
Community advisory board
Procedure code
Incident report
Clinical investigator
Biobank ethics
Clinical trials unit