Individuals presenting with the PAL form of DLBCL-CI have typically been elderly males (male to female ratio 4:1 to 12:1) with a median age of 67 years (range 46–86 years). Most of these individuals have been Japanese with a long (median 37 years) history of pyothorax due to tuberculosis previously treated with a pneumothorax. However, uncommon cases of PAT have been reported in Western Countries, in non-Japanese individuals, in individuals who were not threatened with a pneumothorax, and/or in individuals who had other causes than tuberculosis for their pyothorax. Patients with PAL commonly present with back and/or chest pain, coughing, fever, shortness of breath, and radiological evidence of a pleural space tumor which may be very large. The tumor may extend into the chest wall, ribs, lung tissue, lymph nodes of the mediastinum, and diaphragm but usually has not disseminated beyond these areas, i.e. examinations of the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and distal lymph nodes typically do not show evidence of the disease. Individuals with non-PAL forms of DLBCL-CI present with tumorous growths in or around bone infections, skin ulcers, venous ulcers, metallic implants, artificial heart valves, intrauterine birth control devices, and implanted surgical mesh. The presentation of these cases is similar to that of PAL: afflicted individuals are most often middle-aged or elderly males who have a long-standing (almost always >10 years) history of<unk> , have recently developed pain and localized swelling, and on radiological examination have a discrete, sometimes large, tumor mass at the involved site.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation
Large B-cell lymphoma arising in HHV8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease
Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes
Germinal center B-cell like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Chronic multifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity
Epstein–Barr virus positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified
Lymphoid neoplasms with plasmablastic differentiation