<unk>  is a surgical subspecialty in which diseases of the<unk>  system, or arteries, veins and lymphatic circulation, are managed by medical therapy, minimally-invasive catheter procedures and surgical reconstruction. The specialty evolved from general and cardiac surgery and includes treatment of the body's other major and essential veins and arteries. Open surgery techniques, as well as endovascular techniques are used to treat<unk>  diseases. The<unk>  surgeon is trained in the diagnosis and management of diseases affecting all parts of the<unk>  system excluding the coronaries and intracranial<unk> ure.<unk>  surgeons often assist other physicians to address traumatic<unk>  injury, hemorrhage control, and safe exposure of<unk>  structures.
Vascular surgery
Hand surgery
Phrenology
Gynecological surgery
Digestive system surgery
Neuromuscular medicine
Breast surgery
Orthopedic surgery