Classification<unk>  adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) refers to any of several autosomal recessive diseases resulting from defects in steps of the synthesis of cortisol from cholesterol by the adrenal glands. All of the forms of CAH involve excessive or defective production of sex steroids and can prevent or impair development of primary or secondary sex characteristics in affected infants, children, and adults. Many also involve excessive or defective production of mineralocorticoids, which can cause hypertension or salt wasting, respectively. The most common type of CAH is due to<unk>  of 21-hydroxylase.<unk><unk>  deficient<unk>  adrenal hyperplasia is one of the less common types of CAH due to<unk> es of other proteins and enzymes involved in cortisol synthesis. Other uncommon types are described in individual articles (links below).<unk> -OH CAH resembles 21-hydroxylase deficient CAH in its androgenic manifestations: partial virilization and ambiguous genitalia of genetically female infants, childhood virilization of both sexes, and rarer cases of virilization or infertility of adolescent and adult women. The mineralocorticoid effect differs: hypertension is usually the clinical clue that a patient has 11- rather than 21-hydroxylase CAH. Diagnosis of<unk> -OH CAH is usually confirmed by demonstration of marked elevations of 11-deoxycortisol and 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC), the substrates of<unk><unk> . Management is similar to that of 21-hydroxylase deficient CAH except that mineralocorticoids need not be replaced.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11β-hydroxylase deficiency
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase deficiency
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency
Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease
Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Pituitary ACTH hypersecretion
Cortisone reductase deficiency