Due to cultural variations, the proportion of individuals who develop a drug or behavioral<unk>  within a specified time period (i.e., the prevalence) varies over time, by country, and across national population demographics (e.g., by age group, socioeconomic status, etc.). Asia The prevalence of alcohol dependence is not as high as is seen in other regions. In Asia, not only socioeconomic factors but also biological factors influence drinking behavior. The overall prevalence of smartphone ownership is 62%, ranging from 41% in China to 84% in South Korea. Moreover, participation in online gaming ranges from 11% in China to 39% in Japan. Hong Kong has the highest number of adolescents reporting daily or above Internet use (68%). Internet<unk>  disorder is highest in the Philippines, according to both the IAT (Internet<unk>  Test) – 5% and the CIAS-R (Revised Chen Internet<unk>  Scale) – 21%. Australia The prevalence of substance use disorder among Australians was reported at 5.1% in 2009. Europe In 2015, the estimated prevalence among the adult population was 18.4% for heavy episodic alcohol use (in the past 30 days); 15.2% for daily tobacco smoking; and 3.8, 0.77, 0.37 and 0.35% in 2017 cannabis, amphetamine, opioid and cocaine use. The mortality rates for alcohol and illicit drugs were highest in Eastern Europe. United States Based upon representative samples of the US youth population in 2011, the lifetime prevalence of<unk> s to alcohol and illicit drugs has been estimated to be approximately 8% and 2–3% respectively. Based upon representative samples of the US adult population in 2011, the 12 month prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug<unk> s were estimated at 12% and 2–3% respectively. The lifetime prevalence of prescription drug<unk> s is currently around 4.7%. about 22 million people in the United States need treatment for an<unk>  to alcohol, nicotine, or other drugs. Only about 10%, or a little over 2 million, receive any form of treatments, and those that do generally do not receive evidence-based care. One-third of inpatient hospital costs and 20% of all deaths in the US every year are the result of untreated<unk> s and risky substance use. In spite of the massive overall economic cost to society, which is greater than the cost of diabetes and all forms of cancer combined, most doctors in the US lack the training to effectively address a drug<unk> . Another review listed estimates of lifetime prevalence rates for several behavioral<unk> s in the United States, including 1–2% for compulsive gambling, 5% for sexual<unk> , 2.8% for food<unk> , and 5–6% for compulsive shopping. A systematic review indicated that the time-invariant prevalence rate for sexual<unk>  and related compulsive sexual behavior (e.g., compulsive masturbation with or without pornography, compulsive cybersex, etc.) within the United States ranges from 3–6% of the population. According to a 2017 poll conducted by the Pew Research Center, almost half of US adults know a family member or close friend who has struggled with a drug<unk>  at some point in their life. In 2019, opioid<unk>  was acknowledged as a national crisis in the United States. An article in The Washington Post stated that "America's largest drug companies flooded the country with pain pills from 2006 through 2012, even when it became apparent that they were fueling<unk>  and overdoses." South America The realities of opioid use and opioid use disorder in Latin America may be deceptive if observations are limited to epidemiological findings. In the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime report, although South America produced 3% of the world's morphine and heroin and 0.01% of its opium, prevalence of use is uneven. According to the Inter-American Commission on Drug Abuse Control, consumption of heroin is low in most Latin American countries, although Colombia is the area's largest opium producer. Mexico, because of its border with the United States, has the highest incidence of use.
Addiction
Amphetamine dependence
Behavioral addiction
Cocaine dependence
Polysubstance dependence
Benzodiazepine dependence
Substance dependence
Suicide