CSWS is a diagnosis of exclusion and may be difficult to distinguish from the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which develops under similar circumstances and also presents with hyponatremia. The main clinical difference is that of total fluid status of the patient: CSWS leads to a relative or overt low blood volume whereas SIADH is consistent with a normal or high blood volume (due to water reabsorption via the V2 receptor). If blood-sodium levels increase when fluids are restricted, SIADH is more likely. Additionally, urine output is classically low in SIADH and elevated in CSWS.
Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome
Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism
Apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome
Primary aldosteronism
Adrenal crisis
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
Familial hyperaldosteronism
Pseudohyperaldosteronism