Young people using their smartphones with their thumbs. The cause of<unk><unk> 's disease is not established. Evidence regarding a possible relation with occupational risk factors is<unk> bated. A systematic review of potential risk factors discussed in the literature did not find any evidence of a causal relationship with occupational factors. However, researchers in France found personal and work-related factors were associated with<unk><unk> 's disease in the working population; wrist bending and movements associated with the twisting or driving of screws were the most significant of the work-related factors. Proponents of the view that<unk>  is a repetitive strain injury consider postures where the thumb is held in abduction and extension to be predisposing factors. Workers who perform rapid repetitive activities involving pinching, grasping, pulling or pushing have been considered at increased risk. These movements are associated with many types of repetitive housework such as chopping vegetables, stirring and scrubbing pots, vacuuming, cleaning surfaces, drying dishes, pegging out washing, mending clothes, gardening, harvesting and weeding. Specific activities that have been postulated as potential risk factors include intensive computer mouse use, trackball use, and typing, as well as some pastimes, including bowling, golf, fly-fishing, piano-playing, sewing, and knitting. Women are affected more often than men. The<unk>  commonly occurs during and after pregnancy. Contributory factors may include increased housework, hormonal changes, fluid retention and—more<unk> batably—lifting.
De Quervain syndrome
Scaphoid fracture
Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Terson syndrome
Achard syndrome
Upper motor neuron syndrome
Brody myopathy
Nance–Horan syndrome