The complex of tubulin and<unk> .<unk>  is shown in yellow. Microtubule-disruptive drugs like<unk> , colcemid, and nocodazole have been reported to act by two mechanisms. At very low concentrations they suppress microtubule dynamics and at higher concentrations they reduce microtubule polymer mass. Recent findings indicate that they also produce microtubule fragments by stimulating microtubule minus-end detachment from their organizing centers. Dose-response studies further indicate that enhanced microtubule detachment from spindle poles correlate best with cytotoxicity. But research into the mechanism is still ongoing as recent studies also show<unk>  inducing apoptosis that is phase-independent in certain leukemias.
Vinblastine
Epirubicin
Valrubicin
Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin
Bleomycin
Vincristine
Normustine