Inflammatory/Infection: *<unk> ' ophthalmopathy due to<unk> ' disease, usually causes bilateral proptosis. * Orbital cellulitis – often with unilateral proptosis, severe redness, and moderate to severe pain, sinusitis and an elevated white blood cell count. * Dacryoadenitis * Erdheim–Chester disease * Mucormycosis * Orbital pseudotumor – presents with acute, usually unilateral proptosis with severe pain. * High-altitude cerebral edema * Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Neoplastic: * Leukemias * Meningioma, (of sphenoid wing) * Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma * Hand–Schüller–Christian disease * Hemangioma, cavernous Cystic: * Dermoid cyst Vascular: * Carotid-cavernous fistula * Aortic insufficiency: manifests as a pulsatile pseudoproptosis, described by British cardiothoracic surgeon Hutan Ashrafian in 2006 Others: * Orbital fracture: apex, floor, medial wall, zygomatic * Retrobulbar hemorrhage: trauma to the orbit can lead to bleeding behind the eye. The hemorrhage has nowhere to escape and the increased pressure pushes the eye out of the socket, leading to proptosis and can also cause blindness if not treated promptly. * Cushing's syndrome (due to fat in the orbital cave) * Pfeiffer syndrome
picture of Graves' disease
picture of Graves' ophthalmopathy
symptom of Graves' disease
symptom of Hashimoto's thyroiditis
symptom of Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1
symptom of Hodgkin lymphoma
symptom of T-cell lymphoma
symptom of Maroteaux–Lamy syndrome