A logo for Bitcoin, the first decentralized<unk>  genesis block of Bitcoin's blockchain, with a note containing The Times newspaper headline. This note has been interpreted as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. A<unk> ,<unk> , crypto, or coin is a digital currency designed to work as a medium of exchange through a computer network that is not reliant on any central authority, such as a government or bank, to uphold or maintain it. Individual coin ownership records are stored in a digital ledger, which is a computerized database using strong cryptography to secure transaction records, to control the creation of additional coins, and to verify the transfer of coin ownership. Despite their name,<unk> es are not considered to be currencies in the traditional sense and while varying treatments have been applied to them, including classification as commodities, securities, as well as currencies,<unk> es are generally viewed as a distinct asset class in practice. Some crypto schemes use validators to maintain the<unk> . In a proof-of-stake model, owners put up their tokens as collateral. In return, they get authority over the token in proportion to the amount they stake. Generally, these token stakers get additional ownership in the token over time via network fees, newly minted tokens or other such reward mechanisms.<unk>  does not exist in physical form (like paper money) and is typically not issued by a central authority.<unk> es typically use decentralized control as opposed to a central bank digital currency (CBDC). When a<unk>  is minted or created prior to issuance or issued by a single issuer, it is generally considered centralized. When implemented with decentralized control, each<unk>  works through distributed ledger technology, typically a blockchain, that serves as a public financial transaction database. Traditional asset classes like currencies, commodities, and stocks, as well as macroeconomic factors, have modest exposures to<unk>  returns. A<unk>  is a tradable digital asset or digital form of money, built on blockchain technology that only exists online.<unk> es use encryption to authenticate and protect transactions, hence their name. There are currently over a thousand different<unk> es in the world. Over the last few years,<unk>  prices have risen and then fallen. Crypto marketplaces do not guarantee that an investor is completing a purchase or trade at the optimal price. As a result, many investors take advantage of this by using arbitrage to find the difference in price across several markets. The first decentralized<unk>  was Bitcoin, which first released as open-source software in 2009. Since the release of Bitcoin, many other<unk> es have been created.
Cryptocurrency
Concept creep
Diagnostic greed
Sense
Universal design
Form constant
Biosimilar
Sufficient similarity