<unk> s are often suggested for the treatment of acute or chronic conditions where pain and inflammation are present.<unk> s are generally used for the symptomatic relief of the following conditions: *Osteoarthritis *Rheumatoid arthritis *Mild-to-moderate pain due to inflammation and tissue injury *Low back pain<unk>  arthropathies (e.g., ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis) *Tennis elbow *Headache *Migraine *Acute gout *Dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain) *Metastatic bone pain *Postoperative pain *Muscle stiffness and pain due to Parkinson's disease *Pyrexia (fever) *Ileus *Renal colic *Macular edema *Traumatic injury Chronic pain and cancer-related pain The effectiveness of<unk> s for treating non-cancer chronic pain and cancer-related pain in children and adolescents is not clear. There have not been sufficient numbers of high-quality randomised controlled trials conducted. Inflammation Differences in anti-inflammatory activity between the various individual<unk> s are small, but there is considerable variation in individual patient response, and tolerance to these drugs. About 60% of patients will respond to any<unk> ; of the others, those who do not respond to one may well respond to another. Pain relief starts soon after taking the first dose, and a full analgesic effect should normally be obtained within a week, whereas an anti-inflammatory effect may not be achieved (or may not be clinically assessable) for up to three weeks. If appropriate responses are not obtained within these times, another<unk>  should be tried. Surgical pain Pain following surgery can be significant, and many people require strong pain medications such as opioids. There is some low-certainty evidence that starting<unk>  painkiller medications in adults early, before surgery, may help reduce post-operative pain, and also reduce the dose or quantity of opioid medications required after surgery. Any increase risk of surgical bleeding, bleeding in the gastrointestinal system, myocardial infarctions, or injury to the kidneys has not been well studied. When used in combination with paracetamol, the analgesic effect on post-operative pain may be improved. Aspirin Aspirin, the only<unk>  able to irreversibly inhibit COX-1, is also indicated for antithrombosis through inhibition of platelet aggregation. This is useful for the management of arterial thrombosis, and prevention of adverse cardiovascular events like heart attacks. Aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation by inhibiting the action of thromboxane A2. Dentistry<unk> s are useful in the management of post-operative dental pain following invasive dental procedures such as dental extraction. When not contra-indicated, they are favoured over the use of paracetamol alone due to the anti-inflammatory effect they provide. There is weak evidence suggesting that taking pre-operative analgesia can reduce the length of post operative pain associated with placing orthodontic spacers under local anaesthetic.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Antiarthritics
Anticorticosteroid
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug
Antiviral drug
Chiral drugs
Antiprion drug
Antiplatelet drug