The ulcers are caused by lack of blood flow to the capillary beds of the lower extremities. Most often endothelial dysfunction is causative factor in diabetic microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. In microangiopathy, neuropathy and autoregulation of capillaries leads to poor perfusion of tissues, especially wound base. When pressure is placed on the skin, the skin is damaged and is unable to be repaired due to the lack of blood perfusing the tissue. The wound has a characteristic deep, punched out look, often extending down to the tendons. The wounds are very painful.
Arterial insufficiency ulcer
Venous ulcer
Callous ulcer
Cushing ulcer
Chronic venous insufficiency
Diabetic foot ulcer
Pressure ulcer
Marjolin's ulcer