Although infrequent, there can be complications such as bleeding, swelling, infection, nausea and vomiting. Infection rates of up to 7% are reported after<unk> ; antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the risk of surgical site infections when the antibiotics are given during<unk>  and continued for longer than a day after the operation. There can also be some post operative facial numbness due to nerve damage. Diagnostics for nerve damage consist of: brush-stroke directional discrimination (BSD), touch detection threshold (TD), warm/cold (W/C) and sharp/blunt discrimination (S/B), electrophysiological tests (mental nerve blink reflex (BR), nerve conduction study (NCS), and cold (CDT) and warm (WDT) detection thresholds. The inferior alveolar nerve, which is a branch of the mandibular nerve, must be identified during<unk>  and worked around carefully in order to minimize nerve damage. The numbness may be either temporary, or more rarely, permanent. Recovery from the nerve damage typically occurs within 3 months after repair.
Orthognathic surgery
Palatal lift prosthesis
Facial implant
Cheiloplasty
Non-surgical rhinoplasty
Periradicular surgery
Mandibular advancement splint
Otoplasty