In the newborn According to Frisch & Simonsen (2016), "the foreskin is protective against urinary stricture disease"<unk> . Frisch & Simonsen (2016) call for a "thorough reassessment of the burden of urethral troubles and other adverse outcomes after non-therapeutic circumcision of boys." After hypospadias repair Meir & Livne (2004) suggest that use of a broad spectrum antibiotic after hypospadias repair will "probably reduce<unk>  rates", while Jayanthi (2003) recommends the use of a modified Snodgrass hypospadias repair.
Meatal stenosis
Nasal septum deviation
Laryngotracheal stenosis
Laryngomalacia
Subglottic stenosis
Perforated eardrum
Hiatal hernia
Velopharyngeal insufficiency