Dislike of one's appearance is common, but individuals who suffer from<unk>  have extreme misperceptions about their physical appearance. Whereas vanity involves a quest to aggrandize the appearance,<unk>  is experienced as a quest to normalize the appearance merely. Although delusional in about one of three cases, the appearance concern is usually non-delusional, an overvalued idea. The bodily area of focus can be nearly any and is commonly face, hair, and skin. In addition, multiple areas can be focused on simultaneously. A subtype of<unk>  is bigorexia (anorexia reverse or muscle dysphoria). In muscular dysphoria, patients perceive their<unk>  as excessively thin despite being muscular and trained. Many seek dermatological treatment or cosmetic surgery, which typically do not resolve the distress. On the other hand, attempts at self-treatment, as by skin picking, can create lesions where none previously existed.<unk>  is an obsessive-compulsive disorder but involves more depression and social avoidance despite DOC.<unk>  often associates with social anxiety disorder. Some experience delusions that others are covertly pointing out their flaws. Cognitive testing and neuroimaging suggest both a bias toward detailed visual analysis and a tendency toward emotional hyper-arousal. Most generally, one experiencing<unk>  ruminates over the perceived bodily defect several hours daily or longer, uses either social avoidance or camouflaging with cosmetics or apparel, repetitively checks the appearance, compares it to that of other people, and might often seek verbal reassurances. One might sometimes avoid mirrors, repetitively change outfits, groom excessively, or restrict eating.<unk> 's severity can wax and wane, and flareups tend to yield absences from school, work, or socializing, sometimes leading to protracted social isolation, with some becoming housebound for extended periods. Social impairment is usually greatest, sometimes approaching avoidance of all social activities. Poor concentration and motivation impair academic and occupational performance. The distress of<unk>  tends to exceed that of either major depressive disorder or diabetes, and rates of suicidal ideation and attempts are especially high.
Body dysmorphic disorder
Anorexia nervosa
Social anxiety disorder
Childhood schizophrenia
Somatization disorder
Body image disturbance  Body image disturbance  1
Generalized anxiety disorder
Separation anxiety disorder