<unk>  is a price<unk>  mechanism in which all third parties pay the same price for services at a given hospital. It can be used to increase the market power of<unk> s (such as private and/or public insurance companies) versus providers, such as hospital systems, in order to control costs. All-payer characteristics are found in most developed economies with multi-payer healthcare systems, including France, Germany, Japan, and the Netherlands. The U.S. state of Maryland also uses such a model.<unk>  have been proposed in the United States as a healthcare reform measure. The proposal for a public option (a voluntary, publicly sponsored insurance plan similar to Medicare) has been cited as indirectly sharing some of the same goals as<unk>  systems.
All-payer rate setting
Prospective payment system
Bundled payment
Flexible spending account
Involuntary commitment by country
Fee-for-service
Single-payer healthcare
Self-funded health care