<unk>  <unk>  is a pseudoscientific approach to communication, personal development, and psychotherapy created by Richard Bandler and John Grinder in California, United States, in the 1970s.<unk> 's creators claim there is a connection between<unk> logical processes<unk> -), language<unk>  and behavioral patterns learned through experience<unk> , and that these can be changed to achieve specific goals in life. Bandler and Grinder also claim that<unk>  methodology can "model" the skills of exceptional people, allowing anyone to acquire those skills. They claim as well that, often in a single session,<unk>  can treat problems such as phobias, depression, tic disorders, psychosomatic illnesses, near-sightedness, allergy, the common cold, and learning disorders.<unk>  has been adopted by some hypnotherapists and also by companies that run seminars marketed as leadership training to businesses and government agencies. There is no scientific evidence supporting the claims made by<unk>  advocates, and it has been discredited as a pseudoscience. Scientific reviews state that<unk>  is based on outdated metaphors of how the brain works that are inconsistent with current<unk> logical theory and contain numerous factual errors. Reviews also found that all of the supportive research on<unk>  contained significant methodological flaws and that there were three times as many studies of a much higher quality that failed to reproduce the "extraordinary claims" made by Bandler, Grinder, and other<unk>  practitioners.
Neuro-linguistic programming
Video game rehabilitation
Social cognition and interaction training
Aural rehabilitation
Parent management training
Autism therapies
Music therapy
Dance therapy