Treatment options that offer "cures" for<unk>  are under research and development. Currently there are no commonly used cures, but rather assistive devices and therapies to try and manage the symptoms of<unk> . Acute acoustic trauma Several clinical trials have been conducted to treat temporary<unk>  occurring after a traumatic<unk>  event, such as a gunshot or firework. In 2007, individuals with acute acoustic trauma after firecracker exposure were injected intratympanically with a cell permeable ligand, AM-111. The trial found AM-111 to have a therapeutic effect on at least two cases of those with acute trauma. Treatment with a combination of prednisolone and piracetam appeared to rescue patients with acute trauma after exposure to gunshots. However, those who received the treatment within an hour of exposure had higher rates of recovery and significantly lower threshold shifts compared to those who received treatment after one hour. Additionally, clinical trials using antioxidants after a traumatic<unk>  event to reduce reactive oxygen species have displayed promising results. Injections with allopurinol, lazaroids, α-D-tocopherol, and mannitol were found to reduce the threshold shift after<unk>  exposure. Another antioxidant, Ebselen, has been shown to have promising results for both TTS and PTS. Ebselen mimics gluthathione peroxide, an enzyme that has many functions, including scavenging hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species. After<unk>  exposure, gluthathione peroxide decreases in the ear. An oral administration of ebselen in both preclinical tests on guinea pigs and human trials indicate that<unk><unk>  TTS and PTS was reduced. Recently, combination therapy with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) and corticosteroids has been found to be effective for acute acoustic trauma. Acute<unk>  exposure causes inflammation and lower oxygen supply in the inner ear. Corticosteroids hinder the inflammatory reaction and HBO provides an adequate oxygen supply. This therapy has been shown to be effective when initiated within three days after acoustic trauma. Therefore, this condition is considered an ENT emergency. Gradually occurring<unk>  At the present time, no established clinical treatments exist to reverse the effects of permanent<unk> . However, current research for the possible use of drug and genetic therapies look hopeful. In addition, management options such as hearing aids and counseling exist. Many studies have been conducted looking at regeneration of hair cells in the inner ear. While hair cells are generally not replaced through cell regeneration, mechanisms are being studied to<unk> replacement of these important cells. One study involves the replacement of damaged hair cells with regenerated cells, via the mechanism of gene transfer of atonal gene Math1 to pluripotent stem cells within the inner ear. Other atonal genes are being studied to<unk> regeneration of hair cells in the inner ear.
Noise-induced hearing loss
Vibroacoustic disease
Conductive hearing loss
Cochlear hydrops
Nasodigitoacoustic syndrome
Musical ear syndrome
Autoimmune inner ear disease
Sensorineural hearing loss