<unk> s are diagnosed by examination of tissue, e.g. a biopsy. Pathology<unk>  consist of cells with abundant clear cytoplasm, arranged in cords, trabeculae or clusters in a hyalinized stroma. Nuclear pleomorphism is usually minimal and mitoses are infrequently seen. Owing to their glycogen content, which explains the "clear" appearance under the microscope, tumour cells stain with PAS. Immunostains for S100 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) are typically negative, but positive for cytokeratins and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA).<unk> s typically have a recurrent chromosomal translocation, t(12;22), involving the genes EWSR1 and ATF1. The same translocation is seen in clear cell sarcoma. The histologic differential diagnosis includes mucoepidermoid carcinoma (clear cell variant), acinic cell carcinoma (clear cell variant), epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and metastatic clear cell carcinoma. Image:<unk>  - intermed mag. Intermed. mag. Image:<unk>  - very high mag. Very high mag.
Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma
Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma
Collecting duct carcinoma
Transitional cell carcinoma
Papillary tumor
Hybrid oncocytoma/chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
Papillary adenocarcinoma
Renal anaplastic sarcoma