Schematic of the human X chromosome<unk>  has an X-linked recessive pattern of inheritance.<unk>  is thought to be caused by a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome. A 2007 study concluded, based on analysis of microsatellite markers (small gene sequences found in common among individuals having the same ethnicity, ancestry or genetic disease) of the family described by Keipert, that this gene was likely located on the long arm of the X chromosome between positions Xq22.2–q28. This is not definitive, however, and no specific gene has been named. The<unk>  is strongly believed to be inherited in an X-linked recessive manner. When a female carries a mutated gene on one of her two copies of the X chromosome, there is a 50% chance of passing the mutation on to her children. Much like her, a daughter inheriting this mutation will be a carrier, but will not herself have the associated disease. However, a son who inherits the mutation will have the disease; this is because males have only one copy of the X chromosome and therefore could only express the disease mutation. This form of inheritance for<unk>  is not yet absolute, though, as a girl has been reported with the disorder. It is suggested that further analysis is needed for the inheritance to be formally established. The mutations causing this<unk>  have been mapped to the glypican 4 (GPC4) gene. This gene is located on the long arm of chromosome X (Xq26.2).
Nasodigitoacoustic syndrome
Vibroacoustic disease
Musical ear syndrome
Foreign accent syndrome
Noise-induced hearing loss
Achiria
Red ear syndrome
Oculoauricular syndrome