<unk>  is the branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders. Diseases affecting the<unk> trointestinal tract, which include the organs from mouth into anus, along the alimentary canal, are the focus of this speciality. Physicians practicing in this field are called<unk> sts. They have usually completed about eight years of pre-medical and medical education, a year-long internship (if this is not a part of the residency), three years of an internal medicine residency, and three years in the<unk>  fellowship.<unk> sts perform a number of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures including colonoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), and liver biopsy. Some<unk>  trainees will complete a "fourth-year" (although this is often their seventh year of graduate medical education) in transplant hepatology, advanced interventional endoscopy, inflammatory bowel disease, motility, or other topics. Advanced endoscopy, sometimes called interventional or surgical endoscopy, is a sub-specialty of<unk>  that focuses on advanced endoscopic techniques for the treatment of pancreatic, hepatobiliary, and<unk> trointestinal disease. Interventional<unk> sts typically undergo an additional year of rigorous training in advanced endoscopic techniques including endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic ultrasound-guided diagnostic and interventional procedures, and advanced resection techniques including endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection. Additionally, the performance of endoscopic bariatric procedures is also performed by some advanced endoscopists. Hepatology, or hepatobiliary medicine, encompasses the study of the liver, pancreas, and biliary tree, and is traditionally considered a sub-specialty of<unk> , while proctology encompasses disorders of the anus, rectum, and colon and is considered a sub-specialty of<unk> neral surgery.
Gastroenterology
Hematology
Hepatology
Cardiology
Geriatrics
Oncology
Neurology
Haematologica