Congenital<unk>  can arise due to failed fusion of the<unk>  ridges after the fourth week of embryological development. A fistula, from the Latin meaning 'a pipe', is an abnormal connection running either between two tubes or between a tube and a surface. In<unk>  it runs between the trachea and the esophagus. This connection may or may not have a central cavity; if it does, then food within the esophagus may pass into the trachea (and on to the lungs) or alternatively, air in the trachea may cross into the esophagus.<unk>  can also occur due to pressure necrosis by a tracheostomy tube in apposition to a nasogastric tube (NGT).
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Tracheoinnominate fistula
Laryngotracheal stenosis
Subglottic stenosis
Tracheal deviation
Aortoesophageal fistula
Tracheomalacia
Laryngomalacia