Research on the epidemiology of vocal fold nodules in children has suggested that nodules are more common in boys (2:1), in particular boys who are active and scream more frequently. However, in adulthood, women are more likely to have nodules, and are especially likely if they have an outgoing personality or sing frequently. The exact prevalence of vocal fold nodules is not known, but it has been reported that 23.4% of children who attended an ENT clinic for voice hoarseness, 6% of phoniatric clinic attendees, and 43% of teachers with dysphonia had nodules.
Vocal cord nodule
Colloid nodule
Tracheobronchomegaly
Vocal cord cyst
Ground-glass opacity
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
Cold nodule
Tracheal agenesis