<unk>  in Washington, DC A<unk>  (LSL, also known as<unk><unk>  pipe, and<unk>  connection pipe) is a pipe made of<unk>  which is used in potable water distribution to connect a water main to a user's premises.<unk>  exposure is a public health hazard as it causes developmental effects in fetuses, infants, and young children. It also has other health effects in adults. According to World Health Organization, the presence of<unk> s is the most significant contributor of<unk>  contamination in drinking water in many countries. The most certain way to eliminate<unk>  exposure in drinking water from the<unk> s is to replace them with pipes made from other materials. However, the replacements are time-consuming and costly. The difficulty is exacerbated in many locations by ownership structure that has a shared responsibility between water utilities and property owners, which requires cooperation between the two entities. Some water utilities employed corrosion control as a short-term solution while working through the long-term replacement projects. A potential issue with corrosion control is a constant monitoring of its effectiveness. There have been widespread<unk>  exposures resulting from failures of corrosion control, such as the Flint water crisis.
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