<unk>  tablets (10, 5, and 2 mg)<unk>  is mainly used to treat anxiety, insomnia, panic attacks and symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal. It is also used as a premedication for inducing sedation, anxiolysis, or amnesia before certain medical procedures (e.g., endoscopy). In 2020, it was approved for use in the United States as a nasal spray to interrupt seizure activity in people with epilepsy.<unk>  is the most commonly used benzodiazepine for "tapering" benzodiazepine dependence due to the drug's comparatively long half-life, allowing for more efficient dose reduction. Benzodiazepines have a relatively low toxicity in overdose.<unk>  has a number of uses including: * Treatment of anxiety, panic attacks, and states of agitation * Treatment of neurovegetative symptoms associated with vertigo * Treatment of the symptoms of alcohol, opiate, and benzodiazepine withdrawal * Short-term treatment of insomnia * Treatment of muscle spasms * Treatment of tetanus, together with other measures of intensive treatment * Adjunctive treatment of spastic muscular paresis (paraplegia/tetraplegia) caused by cerebral or spinal cord conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, or spinal cord injury (long-term treatment is coupled with other rehabilitative measures) * Palliative treatment of stiff person syndrome * Pre- or postoperative sedation, anxiolysis or amnesia (e.g., before endoscopic or surgical procedures) * Treatment of complications with stimulant overdoses and psychosis, such as cocaine or methamphetamine Used in treatment of organophosphate poisoning and reduces the risk of seizure induced brain and cardiac damage. * Preventive treatment of oxygen toxicity during hyperbaric oxygen therapy Dosages should be determined on an individual basis, depending on the condition being treated, severity of symptoms, patient body weight, and any other conditions the person may have. Seizures Intravenous<unk>  or lorazepam are first-line treatments for status epilepticus. However, intravenous lorazepam has advantages over intravenous<unk> , including a higher rate of terminating seizures and a more prolonged anticonvulsant effect.<unk>  gel was better than placebo gel in reducing the risk of non-cessation of seizures.<unk>  is rarely used for the long-term treatment of epilepsy because tolerance to its anticonvulsant effects usually develops within six to 12 months of treatment, effectively rendering it useless for that purpose. The anticonvulsant effects of<unk>  can help in the treatment of seizures due to a drug overdose or chemical toxicity as a result of exposure to sarin, VX, or soman (or other organophosphate poisons), lindane, chloroquine, physostigmine, or pyrethroids.<unk>  is sometimes used intermittently for the prevention of febrile seizures that may occur in children under five years of age. Recurrence rates are reduced, but side effects are common so the decision to treat febrile seizures (which are benign in nature) with medication should use this as part of the evaluation. Long-term use of<unk>  for the management of epilepsy is not recommended; however, a subgroup of individuals with treatment-resistant epilepsy benefit from long-term benzodiazepines, and for such individuals, clorazepate has been recommended due to its slower onset of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects. Alcohol withdrawal Because of its relatively long duration of action, and evidence of safety and efficacy,<unk>  is preferred over other benzodiazepines for treatment of persons experiencing moderate to severe alcohol withdrawal. An exception to this is when a medication is required intramuscular in which case either lorazepam or midazolam is recommended. Other<unk>  is used for the emergency treatment of eclampsia, when IV magnesium sulfate and blood-pressure control measures have failed. Benzodiazepines do not have any pain-relieving properties themselves, and are generally recommended to avoid in individuals with pain. However, benzodiazepines such as<unk>  can be used for their muscle-relaxant properties to alleviate pain caused by muscle spasms and various dystonias, including blepharospasm. Tolerance often develops to the muscle relaxant effects of benzodiazepines such as<unk> . Baclofen is sometimes used as an alternative to<unk> . Availability<unk>  is marketed in over 500 brands throughout the world. It is supplied in oral, injectable, inhalation, and rectal forms. The United States military employs a specialized<unk>  preparation known as Convulsive Antidote, Nerve Agent (CANA), which contains<unk> . One CANA kit is typically issued to service members, along with three Mark I NAAK kits, when operating in circumstances where chemical weapons in the form of nerve agents are considered a potential hazard. Both of these kits deliver drugs using autoinjectors. They are intended for use in "buddy aid" or "self aid" administration of the drugs in the field prior to decontamination and delivery of the patient to definitive medical care.
Diazepam
Adinazolam
Ketazolam
Halazepam
Midazolam
Triazolam
Thiazepine
Quazepam