A number of treatments are available. The most successful non-invasive procedure is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which attempts to alleviate the anxiety felt by sufferers. In extreme cases a surgical procedure known as endoscopic transthoracic sympathicotomy (ETS) is available. Pioneered by surgeons in Sweden, this procedure has recently become increasingly controversial due to its many potential adverse effects. Patients who have undergone the procedure frequently complain of compensatory sweating and fatigue, with around 5% reconsidering getting the treatment. ETS is now normally only considered in extreme cases where other treatments have been ineffective.
Idiopathic craniofacial erythema
Capillaritis
Granulomatous facial dermatitis
Ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens
Phytophotodermatitis
Tar melanosis
Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma
Diabetic dermopathy