The management of<unk>  depends on the underlying cause, the general prognosis, and the needs of the person affected. The most effective approach to<unk>  is treating the underlying disease process. An example is the reduction in<unk>  from AIDS by highly active antiretroviral therapy. However this is often not possible or maybe inadequate to reverse the<unk>  syndrome in other diseases. Approaches to mitigate muscle loss include exercise, nutritional therapies, and medications. Exercise Therapy that includes regular physical exercise can be recommended for the treatment of<unk>  due to the positive effects of exercise on skeletal muscle but current evidence remains uncertain as to its effectiveness, acceptability and safety for cancer patients. Randomised controlled trials are needed to better determine if exercise can improve cancer<unk>  in a broad range of cancer types. Individuals with<unk>  generally report low levels of physical activity and few engage in an exercise routine, owing to low motivation to exercise and a belief that exercising may worsen their symptoms or cause harm. Medications Appetite stimulant medications are used to treat<unk>  to increase food intake, but are not effective in stopping muscle wasting and may have detrimental side effects. Appetite stimulants include glucocorticoids, cannabinoids, or progestins such as megestrol acetate. Anti-emetics such as 5-HT3 antagonists are also commonly used in cancer<unk>  if nausea is a prominent symptom. Anabolic-androgenic steroids like oxandrolone may be beneficial in<unk>  but their use is recommended for a maximum of two weeks since a longer duration of treatment increases side effects. Whilst preliminary studies have suggested thalidomide may be useful, a Cochrane review found no evidence to make an informed decision about the use of this drug in cancer patients with<unk> . Nutrition The increased metabolic rate and appetite suppression common in<unk>  can compound muscle loss. Studies using a calorie-dense protein supplementation have suggested at least weight stabilization can be achieved, although improvements in lean body mass have not been observed in these studies. Supplements Administration of exogenous amino acids have been investigated to serve as a protein-sparing metabolic fuel by providing substrates for both muscle metabolism and gluconeogenesis. The branched-chain amino acids leucine and valine may have potential in inhibiting overexpression of protein breakdown pathways. The amino acid glutamine has been used as a component of oral supplementation to reverse<unk>  in people with advanced cancer or HIV/AIDS. β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of leucine that acts as a signaling molecule to stimulate protein synthesis. Studies showed positive results for chronic pulmonary disease, hip fracture, and in AIDS‐related and cancer‐related<unk> . However, many of these clinical studies used HMB as a component of combination treatment with glutamine, arginine, leucine, higher dietary protein and/or vitamins, which limits the assessment of the efficacy of HMB alone.
Cachexia
Neurosis
Fatigue
Heat intolerance
Xerostomia
Anorexia 
Thermophobia
Sedation