In most instances, the diagnosis of<unk>  retinochoroiditis is made clinically on the basis of the appearance of the characteristic lesion on eye examination. Seropositivity (positive blood test result) for Toxoplasma is very common and therefore not useful in diagnosis; however, a negative result i.e. absence of antibodies is often used to rule out disease. Others believe that serology is useful to confirm active<unk>  retinochoroiditis, not only by showing positivity but by also showing a significant elevation of titers: The mean IgG values were 147.7 ± 25.9 IU/ml for patients with active disease versus 18.3 ± 20.8 IU/ml for normal individuals. Antibodies against Toxoplasma: * IgG : appear within the first 2 weeks after infection, typically remain detectable for life, albeit at low levels;and may cross the placenta. * IgM : rise early during the acute phase of the infection, typically remain detectable for less than 1 year, and do not cross the placenta. * IgA : Measurement of IgA antibody titers may also be useful in a diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis in a fetus or newborn because IgM production is often weak during this period and the presence of IgG antibodies may indicate passive transfer of maternal antibodies in utero. IgA antibodies however usually disappear by 7 months. In atypical cases, ocular fluid testing to detect parasite DNA by polymerase chain reaction or to determine intraocular production of specific antibody may be helpful for establishing etiology. Neuroimaging is warranted in AIDS patients presenting with these findings because intracranial<unk>  lesions have been reported in up to 29% of these patients who have<unk> .
Toxoplasmic chorioretinitis
Endophthalmitis
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy
Serpiginous choroiditis
Ocular ischemic syndrome
Central serous chorioretinopathy
Panophthalmitis
Birdshot chorioretinopathy