<unk> <unk><unk>  (GBR) and<unk>  tissue<unk>  (GTR) are dental surgical procedures that use barrier membranes to direct the growth of new<unk>  and gingival tissue at sites with insufficient volumes or dimensions of<unk>  or gingiva for proper function, esthetics or prosthetic restoration.<unk> <unk><unk>  typically refers to ridge augmentation or<unk>  regenerative procedures;<unk>  tissue<unk>  typically refers to<unk>  of periodontal attachment.<unk> <unk><unk>  is similar to<unk>  tissue<unk> , but is focused on development of hard tissues in addition to the soft tissues of the periodontal attachment. At present,<unk> <unk><unk>  is predominantly applied in the oral cavity to support new hard tissue growth on an alveolar ridge to allow stable placement of dental implants. When<unk>  grafting is used in conjunction with sound surgical technique,<unk> <unk><unk>  is a reliable and validated procedure.
Guided bone and tissue regeneration
Articular cartilage stem cell paste grafting
Neural tissue engineering
Tissue engineering
Articular cartilage repair
Artificial cartilage
Limb-sparing techniques
Meniscal cartilage replacement therapy