<unk> 's mechanism in all cases is to block<unk> oltage-dependent calcium channels. In cardiac pharmacology, calcium channel blockers are considered class-IV antiarrhythmic agents. Since calcium channels are especially concentrated in the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes, these agents can be used to decrease impulse conduction through the AV node, thus protecting the<unk> entricles from atrial tachyarrhythmias.<unk>  is also a Kv<unk> oltage gated potassium channel blocker. Calcium channels are also present in the smooth muscle lining blood<unk> essels. By relaxing the tone of this smooth muscle, calcium channel blockers dilate the blood<unk> essels. This has led to their use in treating high blood pressure and angina pectoris. The pain of angina is caused by a deficit in oxygen supply to the heart. Calcium channel blockers like<unk>  dilate blood<unk> essels, which increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart. Cluster headaches Preventive therapy with<unk>  is believed to work because it has an effect on the circadian rhythm and on CGRPs. As CGRP-release is controlled by<unk> oltage-gated calcium channels.
Verapamil
Amiodarone
Flecainide
Sotalol
Procainamide
Tocainide
Acecainide
Ibutilide