Individuals experiencing<unk> , as well as the other delusional misidentification syndromes (DMS), tend to misidentify those people that are both physically and emotionally close to them; the most commonly misidentified people are parents, siblings and spouses. There are instances of individuals misidentifying people not known to them, however, they still held an affective importance, such as celebrities or politicians. The explanations for the inauthenticity of the misidentified people are associated with the individual experiencing the delusions’ cultural background. Example An example from medical literature is a man who was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. He mistook his wife for his deceased mother and later for his sister. He explained that he had never been married or that his wife had left him. Later he mistook his son for his brother and his daughter for another sister. Visual agnosia or prosopagnosia were not diagnosed, as the misidentification also took place during phone calls. On several occasions he mistook the hospital for the church he used to go to. Violence There is an association in the literature between misidentification syndromes and violent or aggressive behavior. In several case studies, individuals with misidentification syndromes acted aggressively towards the object of misidentification, which has the potential for criminal behavior. This may be because the delusions cause individuals to view the misidentified object with suspicion, and they become paranoid about the inauthenticity of the object, leading to an act of presumed preemptive self-defense. Although gender differences in the occurrence of<unk>  are not pronounced, the research demonstrates that a majority (70%) of occurrences with violent behavior involves males. The issue of violent and aggressive behavior within this set of syndromes continues to play an important role in the discussion of criminal responsibility and risk assessment. Comorbidity<unk>  and other DMSs often occur together or interchange. DMSs are also often comorbid with psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, and PTSD. Paranoid schizophrenia is most commonly associated with DMSs. They are also associated with neurological conditions or diseases, including dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and alcohol- or drug-induced cognitive impairment. Among comorbid symptoms, paranoid psychotic symptoms, depressive psychotic symptoms and auditory hallucinations are the most often present.
Intermetamorphosis
Self-enucleation
Dimorphic fungus
Stereognosis
Spooning
Necrophilia
Culion leper colony
Dentition