<unk>  has been used since its discovery in various fields of human medicine. In the human body<unk>  is used in the emulsification of fats for absorption in the intestine. It has, in some countries (including Switzerland) been licensed as an emulsifier in food industry, but it is no longer common. Outside the body it is used in experimental basis of cholagogues and is also in use to prevent and dissolve gallstones. In research<unk>  is used as a mild detergent for the isolation of membrane associated proteins. The critical micelle concentration for<unk>  is approximately 2.4–4 mM. Sodium deoxycholate, the sodium salt of<unk> , is often used as a biological detergent to lyse cells and solubilise cellular and membrane components. Sodium deoxycholate mixed with phosphatidylcholine, is used in mesotherapy injections to produce lipolysis, and has been used as an alternative to surgical excision in the treatment of lipomas. Deoxycholates and bile<unk>  derivatives in general are actively being studied as structures for incorporation in nanotechnology. They also have found application in microlithography as photoresistant components. In the United States,<unk> , under the brand name Kybella, is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for reducing moderate-to-severe fat below the chin. When injected into submental fat,<unk>  helps destroy fat cells. Kybella is produced by Kythera Biopharmaceuticals.
Deoxycholic acid
Lipoprotein-X
Bile acid
Apolipoprotein
Cholesterol
Lipoprotein
Oxycholesterol
Intermediate-density lipoprotein