There is no known cure for<unk> . However, treatment focuses on relieving associated symptoms. Medical management is the most common form of treatment. The best approach to medically managing these patients is constantly being re-evaluated as more information is learned about the disease. Kidney treatment Blood pressure control is the primary concern when treating patients with renal<unk>  since the ideal blood pressure target in patients with<unk>  is unknown. In cases of renal artery stenosis and indications for intervention, percutaneous balloon angioplasty may be recommended. Many studies have assessed the success rate of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in these cases, and have found relief of hypertensive symptoms. Duplex ultrasonography should be performed soon after this procedure to ensure adequate renal velocities. Stents have a restenosis rate of 10-20%, and may make surgical revascularization more difficult. Surgical revascularization may be necessary if aneurysms develop within the affected artery or if PTA does not resolve the issue. Ex vivo renal artery reconstruction is sometimes used for complex diseases where branches of the renal artery are affected. Cerebrovascular treatment Patients with carotid or vertebral<unk>  should be medically managed to reduce the risk of a stroke. Aspirin 81 mg is typically prescribed for patients with carotid<unk> . Antiplatelets and anticoagulants may be used to reduce the risk of blood clot formation. If a TIA or stroke are to occur, percutaneous angioplasty and antiplatelet therapy may be necessary. Pulsatile tinnitus is recognized as a common manifestation in 32% of US cerebrovascular<unk>  patients and sound or cognitive behavioral therapy may be helpful for some patients with more severe symptoms. Treatment for<unk>  in other regions Little information is known regarding the best treatment for<unk>  outside of the renal and extracranial regions. If claudication or limb ischemia is consequent to<unk>  in the extremities, angioplasty may be implemented. Children Pediatric<unk>  medical and surgical treatments or interventions are available. Treatment is determined by factors such as age and disease location but routinely involve controlling hypertension, re-establishing vascular flow, clot prevention, and improving lifestyle such as diet, exercise and smoking cessation. Medical therapy for pediatric population may involve the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitors) and/or angiotensin II receptor blockers, multiple anti-hypertensive medications, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and beta-blockers. Prevention of thrombosis of affected arteries may be taken through administration of an antiplatelet medication such as aspirin. Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) remains the gold standard for renal-artery<unk> . This treatment is useful when hypertension is difficult to control; patient is intolerant to the anti-hypertensive medications, non-complainant to medication regime and patient loss of renal volume due to ischemia. PTRA can also aid in preventing a lifelong dependency on medication for such a young patient. According to Meyers, “effective PTRAs result in cured or controlled blood pressure, which is often signified by reductions in plasma renin activity and angiotensin II levels, and when compared with surgery, percutaneous balloon angioplasty is less costly, able to be performed on an outpatient basis, results in lower morbidity, and the use of stenting is not primarily necessary.” However, there is a subset of the pediatric population that is resistant to PTRA. Adverse events may include, “recurrent stenosis, arterial occlusion with renal loss, and arterial rupture with extravasations and pseudo aneurysm formation and may require surgical intervention.
Fibromuscular dysplasia
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Familial myxovascular fibromas
Endocardial fibroelastosis
Fibromatosis
Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm
Actinic elastosis
Collagen disease