<unk>  increases the risk of cardiovascular<unk> , and people with<unk>  often have other risk factors for heart<unk> , such as high blood lipids. The most common cause of death in people with<unk>  is cardiovascular<unk>  rather than kidney failure.<unk>  results in worse all-cause mortality (the overall death rate) which increases as kidney function decreases. The leading cause of death in<unk>  is cardiovascular<unk> , regardless of whether there is progression to stage 5. While kidney replacement therapies can maintain people indefinitely and prolong life, the quality of life is negatively affected. Kidney transplantation increases the survival of people with stage 5<unk>  when compared to other options; however, it is associated with an increased short-term mortality due to complications of the surgery. Transplantation aside, high-intensity home hemodialysis appears to be associated with improved survival and a greater quality of life, when compared to the conventional three-times-a-week hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. People with ESKD are at increased overall risk for cancer. This risk is particularly high in younger people and gradually diminishes with age. Medical specialty professional organizations recommend that physicians do not perform routine cancer screening in people with limited life expectancies due to ESKD because evidence does not show that such tests lead to improved outcomes.
Chronic kidney disease
Chronic liver disease
End stage pulmonary disease
Hypertensive kidney disease
Diabetes
Proteinopathy
Cirrhosis
Chronic critical illness