Mechanism of action<unk>  is an inactive prodrug that is converted in the body to dextroamphetamine, a pharmacologically active compound which is responsible for the drug's activity. After oral ingestion,<unk>  is broken down by enzymes in red blood cells to form L-lysine, a naturally occurring essential amino acid, and dextroamphetamine. The conversion of<unk>  to dextroamphetamine is not affected by gastrointestinal pH and is unlikely to be affected by alterations in normal gastrointestinal transit times. The optical isomers of amphetamine, i.e., dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine, are TAAR1 agonists and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitors that can enter monoamine neurons; this allows them to release monoamine neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, among others) from their storage sites in the presynaptic neuron, as well as prevent the reuptake of these neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft.<unk>  was developed with the goal of providing a long duration of effect that is consistent throughout the day, with reduced potential for abuse. The attachment of the amino acid lysine slows down the relative amount of dextroamphetamine available to the blood stream. Because no free dextroamphetamine is present in<unk>  capsules, dextroamphetamine does not become available through mechanical manipulation, such as crushing or simple extraction. A relatively sophisticated biochemical process is needed to produce dextroamphetamine from<unk> . As opposed to Adderall, which contains roughly equal parts of racemic amphetamine and dextroamphetamine salts,<unk>  is a single-enantiomer dextroamphetamine formula. Studies conducted show that<unk>  dimesylate may have less abuse potential than dextroamphetamine and an abuse profile similar to diethylpropion at dosages that are FDA-approved for treatment of ADHD, but still has a high abuse potential when this dosage is exceeded by over 100%. Pharmacokinetics Cmax, t1/2, and AUC∞ were all similar between the two drugs, while tlag (1.5 hours vs. 0.8 hours) and tmax (4.6 hours vs. 3.3 hours) were longer for<unk>  than with dextroamphetamine.
Lisdexamfetamine
Etilamfetamine
Solriamfetol
Tropisetron
Medifoxamine
Cilansetron
Sertindole
Alosetron