Cancer Since infertility increases the risk of ovarian cancer,<unk>  drugs have been used to combat this but the cancer risks are still not completely known. As of 2019, there have been studies that have shown the risk of developing ovarian cancer is higher when taking<unk> s however due to the low number of studies, lack of follow-up time and other contribution factors, the risk is unclear. Most studies conducted have shown that<unk>  drugs do not increase the risk of other gynecologic cancers (cervical and endometrial) or other malignant cancers (thyroid, colon, melanoma, breast). The validity of these data may be affected by patient-reported biases, small subject numbers, and other confounding variables. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome Estrogen antagonists and gonadotropins may stimulate multiple follicles and other ovarian hormones leading to multiple birth and possible ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Development of OHSS is dependent on the administration of hCG and is mediated through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). OHSS is characterized as cystic enlargement of the ovaries. Multiple birth is especially deleterious due to compounding risks including premature delivery and low birthweight, pre-eclampisa, and increased risk of neonatal mortality. While triplet births have been declining in ART, multiple births remain over 50% of births from IVF. However, there are limitations to measure, as 4% to 8% IVF clinics to do not report their data to the CDC.
Fertility medication
Hormonal contraception
Gonadotropin preparations
Combined hormonal contraception
Long-acting reversible contraception
Abortifacient
Intrauterine device
Contraceptive implant