Treatment protocols are not well established. Some sources report that approximately half of the patients will fully recover after 2–24 months management. One review recommended complete resection or corticosteroid therapy, stating also that long-term follow-up was indicated due to a high rate of recurrence. Treatment with steroids usually requires about 6 months. While some source report very good success with steroids, most report a considerable risk of recurrence after a treatment with steroids alone. Steroids are known to cause elevation of prolactin levels and increase risk of several conditions such as diabetes, and other endocrinopathies which in turn increase the risk of IGM. For surgical treatment, recurrence rates of 5-50% have been reported. Treatment with a combination of glucocorticoids and prolactin lowering medications such as bromocriptine or cabergoline was used with good success in Germany. Prolactin-lowering medication has also been reported to reduce the risk of recurrence. In cases of drug-induced hyperprolactinemia (such as antipsychotics) prolactin-sparing medication can be tried. Methotrexate alone or in combination with steroids has been used with good success. Its principal mechanism of action is immunomodulating activity, with a side effect profile that is more favorable for treating IGM. Colchicine, azathioprine, and NSAIDs have also been used.
Granulomatous mastitis
Nonpuerperal mastitis
Trichoadenoma
Mastitis
Adenomyoma
Invasive hydatidiform mole
Adenomyomatosis
Leiomyosarcoma