As with other<unk>  disorders,<unk><unk>  is an "expressive disorder"—a disorder that is an expression of deeper psychological problems. People who have<unk>  have been found to have higher weight bias internalization, which includes low self-esteem, unhealthy<unk>  patterns, and general body dissatisfaction.<unk>  commonly develops as a result or side effect of depression, as it is common for people to turn to comfort foods when they are feeling down. There was resistance to give<unk>  the status of a fully fledged<unk>  disorder because many perceived<unk>  to be caused by individual choices. Previous research has focused on the relationship between body image and<unk>  disorders, and concludes that disordered<unk>  might be linked to rigid dieting practices. In the majority of cases of anorexia, extreme and inflexible restriction of dietary intake leads at some point to the development of<unk><unk> , weight regain, bulimia nervosa, or a mixed form of<unk>  disorder not otherwise specified.<unk><unk>  may begin when individuals recover from an adoption of rigid<unk>  habits. When under a strict diet that mimics the effects of starvation, the body may be preparing for a new type of behavior pattern, one that consumes a large amount of food in a relatively short period of time. Some studies show that<unk>  aggregates in families and could be genetic. However, very few published studies around the genetics exist. However, other research suggests that<unk>  can also be caused by environmental factors and the impact of traumatic events. One study showed that women with<unk>  experienced more adverse life events in the year prior to the onset of the development of the disorder, and that<unk>  was positively associated with how frequently negative events occur. Additionally, the research found that individuals who had<unk>  were more likely to have experienced physical abuse, perceived risk of physical abuse, stress, and body criticism. Other risk factors may include childhood obesity, critical comments about weight, low self-esteem, depression, and physical or sexual abuse in childhood. A systematic review concluded that bulimia nervosa and<unk>  are more impacted by family separations, a loss in their lives and negative parent-child interactions compared to those with anorexia nervosa. A few studies have suggested that there could be a genetic component to<unk> , though other studies have shown more ambiguous results. Studies have shown that<unk><unk>  tends to run in families and a twin study by Bulik, Sullivan, and Kendler has shown a, "moderate heritability for<unk><unk> " at 41 percent. More research must be done before any firm conclusions can be drawn regarding the heritability of<unk> . Studies have also shown that<unk>  disorders such as anorexia and bulimia reduce coping abilities, which makes it more likely for those suffering to turn to<unk><unk>  as a coping strategy. A correlation between dietary restraint and the occurrence of<unk><unk>  has been shown in some research. While<unk>  eaters are often believed to be lacking in self-control, the root of such behavior might instead be linked to rigid dieting practices. The relationship between strict dieting and<unk><unk>  is characterized by a vicious circle.<unk><unk>  is more likely to occur after dieting, and vice versa. Several forms of dieting include delay in<unk>  (e.g., not<unk>  during the day), restriction of overall calorie intake (e.g., setting calorie limit to 1,000 calories per day), and avoidance of certain types of food (e.g., "forbidden" food, such as sugar, carbohydrates, etc.) Strict and extreme dieting differs from ordinary dieting. Some evidence suggests the effectiveness of moderate calorie restriction in decreasing<unk><unk>  episodes among overweight individuals with<unk> , at least in the short-term. “In the U.S, it is estimated that 3.5% of young women and 30% to 40% of people who seek weight loss treatments, can be clinically diagnosed with<unk> .”
Binge eating disorder
Bulimia nervosa
Night eating syndrome
Metabolically healthy obesity
Anorexia nervosa
Orthorexia nervosa
Diabulimia
Nocturnal sleep-related eating disorder