<unk>  concentrates are prepared from the blood plasma of blood donors. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the use of four<unk>  products derived from a human plasma: Prolastin, Zemaira, Glassia, and Aralast. These products for intravenous augmentation<unk>  therapy can cost up to $100,000 per year per patient. They are administered intravenously at a dose of 60 mg/kg once a week; higher doses do not provided additional benefit although they can be used in anticipation of an interruption of weekly administration, such as for a vacation.<unk><unk> -proteinase inhibitor (Respreeza) was approved for medical use in the European Union in August 2015. It is indicated for maintenance treatment, to slow the progression of emphysema in adults with documented severe<unk><unk> -proteinase inhibitor deficiency (e.g., genotypes PiZZ, PiZ (null), Pi (null, null), PiSZ). People are to be under optimal pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment and show evidence of progressive lung disease (e.g. lower forced expiratory volume per second (FEV1) predicted, impaired walking capacity or increased number of exacerbations) as evaluated by a healthcare professional experienced in the treatment of<unk><unk> -proteinase inhibitor deficiency. The most common side effects include dizziness, headache, dyspnoea (shortness of breath) and nausea. Allergic reactions have been observed during treatment, some of which were severe. Aerosolized-augmented<unk>  therapy is under study. This involves inhaling purified human<unk>  into the lungs and trapping the<unk>  into the lower respiratory tract. However, inhaled<unk>  may not reach the elastin fibers in the lung where elastase injury occurs. Further study is currently underway. Recombinant<unk>  is not yet available for use as a medication but is under development.
Alpha-1 antitrypsin
Haptocorrin
Gamma globulin
Hepcidin
Ovoferrin
Thyroglobulin
Beta defensin
Defensin