DSM-5 The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a widely used manual for diagnosing mental disorders, places<unk>  under section II, under the "personality disorders" chapter, and defines it as: "a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts". A diagnosis of OCPD is only received when four out of the eight criteria are met. Alternative model for diagnosis The DSM-5 also includes an alternative set of diagnostic criteria as per the dimensional model of conceptualising personality disorders. Under the proposed set of criteria, a person only receives a diagnosis when there is an impairment in two out of four areas of one's personality functioning, and when there are three out of four pathological traits, one of which must be rigid perfectionism. The patient must also meet the general criteria C through G for a personality disorder, which state that the traits and symptoms being displayed by the patient must be stable and unchanging over time with an onset of at least adolescence or early adulthood, visible in a variety of situations, not caused by another mental disorder, not caused by a substance or medical condition, and abnormal in comparison to a person's developmental stage and culture/religion. Differential diagnosis There are several mental disorders in the DSM-5 that are listed as differential diagnoses for OCPD. They are as follows: * Obsessive–compulsive disorder. OCD and OCPD have a similar name which may cause confusion; however, OCD can be easily distinguished from OCPD: OCPD is not characterized by true obsessions or compulsions. * Hoarding disorder. A diagnosis of hoarding disorder is only considered when the hoarding behavior exhibited is causing severe impairment in the functioning of the person, such as an inability to access rooms in a house due to excessive hoarding. * Narcissistic personality disorder. Individuals with a narcissistic personality disorder usually believe that they have achieved perfection (especially compared to other people) and cannot get better, whereas those with OCPD do not believe that they have achieved perfection, and are self-critical. Those with NPD tend to be stingy and lack generosity; however, they are usually generous when spending on themselves, unlike those with OCPD who hoard money and are miserly on themselves and others. * Antisocial personality disorder. Similarly, individuals with antisocial personality disorder are not generous, but miserly around others, although they usually over-indulge themselves and are sometimes reckless in spending. * Schizoid personality disorder. Schizoid personality disorder and<unk>  may both display restricted affectivity and coldness; however, in OCPD, this is usually due to a controlling attitude, whereas, in SPD, it occurs due to a lack of ability to experience emotion and display affection. * Other personality traits. Obsessive-compulsive personality traits may be particularly useful and helpful, especially in productive environments. Only when these traits become extreme, maladaptive, and cause clinically significant impairment in several aspects of one's life should a diagnosis of OCPD be considered. * Personality change due to another medical condition.<unk>  must be differentiated from a personality change due to a medical condition, which affects the central nervous system, and may cause changes in behavior and traits. * Substance use disorders. Substance use may cause the advent of obsessive-compulsive traits. It is necessary that this is distinguished from underlying and persistent behavior, which must occur when a person is not under influence of a substance. ICD-10 The World Health Organization's ICD-10 uses the term (). At least four of the following must be present: # Feelings of doubt # Perfectionism # Excessive conscientiousness # Checking and preoccupation with details # Stubbornness # Caution # Rigidity # Insistent and unwelcome thoughts or impulses that do not attain the severity of an obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder
Substance use disorder
Haltlose personality disorder
Personality disorder
Emotional spectrum disorder
Obsessive–compulsive disorder
Self-defeating personality disorder
Immature personality disorder