Diagnosis is typically obtained by an allergist or other licensed practitioner performing a<unk>  test. During the<unk>  test, a piece of ice is held against the forearm, typically for 3–4 minutes. A positive result is a specific looking mark of raised red hives. The hives may be the shape of the ice, or it may radiate from the contact area of the ice. However, while these techniques assist in diagnosis, they do not provide information about temperature and stimulation time thresholds at which patients will start to develop symptoms, which is essential because it can establish disease severity and monitor the effectiveness of treatment.
Cold urticaria
Heat urticaria
Solar urticaria
Pressure urticaria
Aquagenic urticaria
Physical urticaria
Cholinergic urticaria
Delayed pressure urticaria