<unk>  occurs when the gallbladder becomes inflamed. Gallstones are the most common cause of gallbladder inflammation but it can also occur due to blockage from a tumor or scarring of the bile duct. The greatest risk factor for<unk>  is gallstones. Risk factors for gallstones include female sex, increasing age, pregnancy, oral contraceptives, obesity, diabetes mellitus, ethnicity (Native North American), rapid weight loss. Acute calculous<unk>  Gallstones blocking the flow of bile account for 90% of cases of<unk>  (acute calculous<unk> . Blockage of bile flow leads to thickening and buildup of bile causing an enlarged, red, and tense gallbladder. The gallbladder is initially sterile but often becomes infected by bacteria, predominantly E. coli, Klebsiella, Streptococcus, and Clostridium species. Inflammation can spread to the outer covering of the gallbladder and surrounding structures such as the diaphragm, causing referred right shoulder pain. Acalculous<unk>  In acalculous<unk> , no stone is in the biliary ducts. It accounts for 5–10% of all cases of<unk>  and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Acalculous<unk>  is typically seen in people who are hospitalized and critically ill. Males are more likely to develop acute<unk>  following surgery in the absence of trauma. It is associated with many causes including vasculitis, chemotherapy, major trauma or burns. The presentation of acalculous<unk>  is similar to calculous<unk> . Patients are more likely to have yellowing of the skin (jaundice) than in calculous<unk> . Ultrasonography or computed tomography often shows an immobile, enlarged gallbladder. Treatment involves immediate antibiotics and cholecystectomy within 24–72 hours. Chronic<unk>  Chronic<unk>  occurs after repeated episodes of acute<unk>  and is almost always due to gallstones. Chronic<unk>  may be asymptomatic, may present as a more severe case of acute<unk> , or may lead to a number of complications such as gangrene, perforation, or fistula formation. Xanthogranulomatous<unk>  (XGC) is a rare form of chronic<unk>  which mimics gallbladder cancer although it is not cancerous. It was first reported in the medical literature in 1976 by McCoy and colleagues.
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis
Cholangitis 
Angina
Biliary colic
Peptic ulcer disease
Pancreatitis
Pneumonia