A<unk>  is a molecule in water solution that can disrupt the hydrogen bonding network between water molecules (i.e. exerts<unk>  activity). This has an effect on the stability of the native state of other molecules in the solution, mainly macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids) by weakening the hydrophobic effect. For example, a<unk>  reduces the amount of order in the structure of a protein formed by water molecules, both in the bulk and the hydration shells around hydrophobic amino acids, and may cause its denaturation. Conversely, an antichaotropic<unk>  (kosmotropic) is a molecule in an aqueous solution that will increase the hydrophobic effects within the solution. Antichaotropic salts such as ammonium sulphate can be used to precipitate substances from the impure mixture. This is used in protein purification processes, to remove undesired proteins from solution.
Chaotropic agent
Depressogen
Monoamine releasing agent
Norepinephrine releasing agent
Serotonin releasing agent
Dopamine releasing agent
Muscle relaxant
Antiglucocorticoid