<unk>  is a branch of the physiology and neuroscience that studies the measurement and evaluation of nervous system function rather than nervous system architecture. The word originates from the Greek word meaning "nerve" and physiology meaning knowledge about the function of living systems (φύσις meaning "nature" and -λογία meaning "knowledge"). This area aids in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological illnesses. Historically, it has been dominated by electrophysiology—the electrical recording of neural activity ranging from the molar (the electroencephalogram, EEG) to the cellular (intracellular recording of the properties of single neurons), such as patch clamp, voltage clamp, extracellular single-unit recording and recording of local field potentials. However, since the neurone is an electrochemical machine, it is difficult to isolate electrical events from the metabolic and molecular processes that cause them. Thus,<unk> sts currently utilise tools from chemistry (calcium imaging), physics (functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI), and molecular biology (site directed mutations) to examine brain activity.
Neurophysiology
Neuromorphology
Neuropathology
Neuroanatomy
Neurotology
Electrodiagnostic medicine
Neurophotonics
Clinical neurochemistry