1999 classification<unk>  is one of the seven destructive periodontal diseases as listed in the 1999 classification. Not every case of gingivitis will progress onto<unk> , but all<unk>  results from gingivitis. Therefore it is important to control the first step; gingival inflammation. A difficulty which arises with diagnosing<unk>  patients is due to the slow and painless progression of the disease. The most effective and timely diagnosis would be during the mild to moderate stage. However, usually when presenting complaints do arise the effects of mobility and alveolar bone loss have become severe. A full mouth examination and recording is required to document and track periodontal disease including: * Pocket Depth (PD) * Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) * Bleeding On Probing (BOP) * Plaque index/score * Furcation involvement * Suppuration * Mobility * Radiographs Measuring disease progression is carried out by measuring probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding indices using a periodontal probe. Pockets greater than 3mm in depth are considered to be unhealthy. True pocket formation of 4 mm or more are specifically related to<unk> . Bleeding on probing is considered to be a sign of active disease. Discharge of pus, involvement of the root furcation area and deeper pocketing may all indicate reduced prognosis for an individual tooth. Evidence of alveolar bone loss is also required to differentiate between true bone loss and not attributions of gingival oedema. Usually, a horizontal pattern of bone loss would be found however, vertical (infrabony) bone loss may also be present on specific sites. A Basic Periodontal Examination (BPE) or Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) should give a score of 3 or 4. A correct diagnosis is vital to allow the formation of a specific treatment plan for the patient and to arrest the disease progression.<unk>  can be further classified into: # Extent (can be either localised affecting 30% of sites are affected) # Severity (slight = 1–2 mm CAL; moderate = 3–4 mm CAL; severe ≥5 mm CAL) 2017 classification<unk>  is not included within the newer 2017 World Workshop classification. The 2017 classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions includes:<unk> : # Necrotizing periodontal diseases #<unk>  #<unk>  as a manifestation of systemic disease Therefore, in accordance to the 2017 classification, a diagnosis would be achieved through the patient assessment individually on the basis of: * Type * Distribution: localised (up to 30% of teeth) or generalised (more than 30% of teeth) and the molar/incisor pattern * Stage and grading * Stages: I (early/mild) with 1.0% bone loss/age * Status: stable, remission or unstable (see Table 1) * Risk factors, which include systemic diseases such as diabetes or extrinsic factors such as smoking. +Table 1.<unk>  status Stable Remission Unstable Bleeding on Probing <10% ≥10% - Periodontal Pocket Depth ≤4mm ≤4mm ≥5mm Bleeding on Probing at 4mm sites ✗ ✗ ✓
Chronic periodontitis
Periodontal disease
Periodontal abscess
Denture-related stomatitis
Dental abscess
Dental fluorosis
Dental plaque
Periapical periodontitis