The most common clinical manifestation of<unk>  disease is lung disease, but lymphatic, skin/soft tissue, and disseminated diseases are also important. Pulmonary disease caused by<unk>  is most often seen in postmenopausal women and patients with underlying lung disease such as cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and prior tuberculosis. It is not uncommon for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, Marfan syndrome, and primary ciliary dyskinesia patients to have pulmonary<unk>  colonization and/or infection. Pulmonary<unk>  can also be found in individuals with AIDS and malignant disease. It can be caused by many<unk>  species, which depends on region, but most frequently MAC and M. kansasii. Clinical symptoms vary in scope and intensity, but commonly include chronic cough, often with purulent sputum. Hemoptysis may also be present. Systemic symptoms include malaise, fatigue, and weight loss in advanced disease. The diagnosis of M. abscessus pulmonary infection requires the presence of symptoms, radiologic abnormalities, and microbiologic cultures. Lymphadenitis can be caused by various species that differ from one place to another, but again, MAC is the main cause worldwide. Most patients are aged less than 5 years, but the incidence is rare for children having BCG vaccine. The disease has a high curability. Soft-tissue disease due to<unk>  infection include post-traumatic abscesses (caused by rapid growers), swimming pool granuloma (caused by M. marinum) and Buruli ulcer (caused by M. ulcerans or M. shinshuense). Post-traumatic abscesses most commonly occur after injection. Disseminated<unk> l disease was common in US and European AIDS patients in the 1980s and early 1990s, though the incidence has declined in developed nations since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy. It can also occur in individuals after having renal transplantation.
Nontuberculous mycobacteria
Aspergillus
Mycoplasma
Corynebacterium
Cryptococcus
Mycobacterium avium complex
Cryptococcus neoformans
Actinobacillus