Up to 3.3 million newborns die each year and 23.4% of these die of<unk> . About half of the deaths caused by sepsis or pneumonia happen in the first week postpartum. In industrialized countries, prophylactic antibiotic treatment of the mothers identified with group B streptococcus, early identification of sepsis in the newborn, and administration of antibiotics to the newborn has reduced mortality.<unk>  herpes in North America is estimated to be from 5 – 80 per 100,000 live births. HSV has a lower prevalence in mothers outside the United States. In the United Kingdom the incidence is much lower and estimated to be 1.6 per 100,000 live births. Approximately 70% to 80% of infected infants are born to mothers with no reported history of HSV<unk> . Regions with low<unk>  mortality include Europe, the Western Pacific, and the Americas, which have sepsis rates that account for 9.1% to 15.3% of the total<unk>  deaths worldwide. This is in contrast with the 22.5 to 27.2% percentage of total deaths in resource-poor countries such as Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, India, Pakistan, and China. In the UK, the proportions of pregnant women who are newly screened positive for hepatitis B, syphilis, and HIV have remained constant since 2010 at about 0.4%, 0.14% and 0.15%, respectively. Estimated prevalence levels among pregnant women for hepatitis B and HIV, including previous diagnoses, were higher at 0.67% and 0.27%. Pregnant women evaluated as susceptible to rubella due to low antibody levels have increased by over 60%, to about 7.2%. However, this increase is probably due to changes in testing methods and evaluation criteria. In North America, prior to the 1950s, group A β-hemolytic streptococcus (GAS) was the most common pathogen associated with<unk>  sepsis prior to the 1960s. In the past twenty years, the most common pathogen causing sepsis is coagulase-negative staphylococci that exist as biofilms associated with infected central venous or arterial catheters.<unk> s can be fatal and contribute to long-term morbidity and disability among the infants who survive into childhood.<unk>  sepsis effects 128 cases per 1000 live births. Meningitis can occur in the septic infant. Expectant mothers with HSV have a 75% chance of at least one flare-up during their pregnancy. In limited studies it was found that infants in Africa born to mothers with malaria have a 7% of acquiring congenital malaria. Early-onset<unk> s Early onset sepsis can occur in the first week of life. It usually is apparent on the first day after birth. This type of<unk>  is usually acquired before the birth of the infant. Premature rupture of membranes and other obstetrical complications can add to the risk of early-onset sepsis. If the amniotic membrane has been ruptured greater than 18 hours before delivery the infant may be at more risk for this complication. Prematurity, low birth weight, chorioamnionitis, maternal urinary tract<unk>  and/or maternal fever are complications that increase the risk for early-onset sepsis. Early onset sepsis is indicated by serious respiratory symptoms. The infant usually suffers from pneumonia, hypothermia, or shock. The mortality rate is 30 to 50%. Late onset<unk> s<unk> s that occur after the first week of life but before the age of 30 days are considered late onset<unk> s. Obstetrical and maternal complications are not typically the cause of these late onset<unk> s; they are usually acquired by the infant in the hospital<unk>  intensive care unit. The widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the nursery intensive care unit can cause a higher prevalence of invasive antibiotic resistant bacteria. Meconium aspiration syndrome has a mortality rate just over 4%. This accounts for 2% for all<unk>  deaths.
Neonatal infection
Neonatal sepsis
Birth trauma
Birth trauma 
Perinatal asphyxia
Low Birth Weight
Fetal warfarin syndrome
Antenatal depression