<unk> , sometimes called surprise<unk> , is a medical bill from a healthcare provider<unk>  a patient for the difference between the total cost of services being charged and the amount the insurance pays. It is an especially common problem in the United States with providers who are out of network, and therefore not subject to the rates or terms of providers who are in-network.<unk>  has a variable prevalence by market and specialty. Advocates of<unk>  argue that it increases the incomes of high-quality healthcare providers, and serves as a measure of their dissatisfaction with insurance company fees. Critics say that<unk>  lets providers raise charges through stealth rather than transparent pricing, creates unnecessary administrative costs and patient confusion, and allows providers to simply pass along costs to patients, rather than helping them to secure good value. It is thought to erode political consensus in favor of a one-tier system of healthcare, and to inhibit some people from getting the care they need, by making that care more expensive.
Balance billing
Dental discount plan
Board certification
Pharmacare
Formulary 
Therapy cap
Informulary
Suicidology