The exact mechanism of action of the venom is unknown, but catecholamine excess may be an underlying mechanism in severe cases. Animal studies appear to confirm a relationship between envenoming and an increase in circulating noradrenaline and adrenaline.
Irukandji syndrome
Larsen syndrome
Elejalde syndrome
Carpenter syndrome
Bart–Pumphrey syndrome
Jeavons syndrome
McGillivray syndrome
Patau syndrome