There are numerous applications for<unk>  across multiple fields of interest, including medical/psychotherapeutic uses, military uses, self-improvement, and entertainment. The American Medical Association currently has no official stance on the medical use of<unk> .<unk>  has been used as a supplemental approach to cognitive behavioral therapy since as early as 1949.<unk>  was defined in relation to classical conditioning; where the words of the therapist were the stimuli and the<unk>  would be the conditioned response. Some traditional cognitive behavioral therapy methods were based in classical conditioning. It would include inducing a relaxed state and introducing a feared stimulus. One way of inducing the relaxed state was through<unk> .<unk> m has also been used in forensics, sports, education, physical therapy, and rehabilitation.<unk> m has also been employed by artists for creative purposes, most notably the surrealist circle of André Breton who employed<unk> , automatic writing, and sketches for creative purposes. Hypnotic methods have been used to re-experience drug states and mystical experiences. Self-hypnosis is popularly used to quit smoking, alleviate stress and anxiety, promote weight loss, and induce sleep<unk> . Stage<unk>  can persuade people to perform unusual public feats. Some people have drawn analogies between certain aspects of<unk> m and areas such as crowd psychology, religious hysteria, and ritual trances in preliterate tribal cultures. Hypnotherapy Hypnotherapy is a use of<unk>  in psychotherapy. It is used by licensed physicians, psychologists, and others. Physicians and psychologists may use<unk>  to treat depression, anxiety, eating disorders, sleep disorders, compulsive gambling, phobias and posttraumatic stress, while certified hypnotherapists who are not physicians or psychologists often treat smoking and weight management. Hypnotherapy is viewed as a helpful adjunct by proponents, having additive effects when treating psychological disorders, such as these, along with scientifically proven cognitive therapies. Hypnotherapy should not be used for repairing or refreshing memory because<unk>  results in memory hardening, which increases the confidence in false memories. The effectiveness of hypnotherapy has not yet been accurately assessed, and, due to the lack of evidence indicating any level of efficiency, it is regarded as a type of alternative medicine by numerous reputable medical organisations, such as the National Health Service. Preliminary research has expressed brief<unk>  interventions as possibly being a useful tool for managing painful HIV-DSP because of its history of usefulness in pain management, its long-term effectiveness of brief interventions, the ability to teach self-hypnosis to patients, the cost-effectiveness of the intervention, and the advantage of using such an intervention as opposed to the use of pharmaceutical drugs. Modern hypnotherapy has been used, with varying success, in a variety of forms, such as: * Addictions * Age regression hypnotherapy (or "hypnoanalysis") * Cognitive-behavioural hypnotherapy, or clinical<unk>  combined with elements of cognitive behavioural therapy * Ericksonian hypnotherapy * Fears and phobia * Habit control * Pain management * Psychotherapy * Relaxation * Reduce patient behavior (e.g., scratching) that hinders the treatment of skin disease * Soothing anxious surgical patients * Sports performance * Weight loss In a January 2001 article in Psychology Today, Harvard psychologist Deirdre Barrett wrote: Barrett described specific ways this is operationalised for habit change and amelioration of phobias. In her 1998 book of hypnotherapy case studies, she reviews the clinical research on<unk>  with dissociative disorders, smoking cessation, and insomnia, and describes successful treatments of these complaints. In a July 2001 article for Scientific American titled "The Truth and the Hype of<unk> ", Michael Nash wrote that, "using<unk> , scientists have temporarily created hallucinations, compulsions, certain types of memory loss, false memories, and delusions in the laboratory so that these phenomena can be studied in a controlled environment." Menopause There is evidence supporting the use of hypnotherapy in the treatment of menopause related symptoms, including hot flashes. The North American Menopause Society recommends hypnotherapy for the nonhormonal management of menopause-associated vasomotor symptoms, giving it the highest level of evidence. Irritable bowel syndrome Hypnotherapy has been studied for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.<unk>  for IBS has received moderate support in the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidance published for UK health services. It has been used as an aid or alternative to chemical anesthesia, and it has been studied as a way to soothe skin ailments. Pain management A number of studies show that<unk>  can reduce the pain experienced during burn-wound debridement, bone marrow aspirations, and childbirth. The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental<unk>  found that<unk>  relieved the pain of 75% of 933 subjects participating in 27 different experiments.<unk>  is effective in decreasing the fear of cancer treatment reducing pain from and coping with cancer and other chronic conditions. Nausea and other symptoms related to incurable diseases may also be managed with<unk> . Some practitioners have claimed<unk>  might help boost the immune system of people with cancer. However, according to the American Cancer Society, "available scientific evidence does not support the idea that<unk>  can influence the development or progression of cancer."<unk>  has been used as a pain relieving technique during dental surgery, and related pain management regimens as well. Researchers like Jerjes and his team have reported that<unk>  can help even those patients who have acute to severe orodental pain. Additionally, Meyerson and Uziel have suggested that hypnotic methods have been found to be highly fruitful for alleviating anxiety in patients suffering from severe dental phobia. For some psychologists who uphold the altered state theory of<unk> , pain relief in response to<unk>  is said to be the result of the brain's dual-processing functionality. This effect is obtained either through the process of selective attention or dissociation, in which both theories involve the presence of activity in pain receptive regions of the brain, and a difference in the processing of the stimuli by the<unk> ed subject. The American Psychological Association published a study comparing the effects of<unk> , ordinary suggestion, and placebo in reducing pain. The study found that highly suggestible individuals experienced a greater reduction in pain from<unk>  compared with placebo, whereas less suggestible subjects experienced no pain reduction from<unk>  when compared with placebo. Ordinary non-hypnotic suggestion also caused reduction in pain compared to placebo, but was able to reduce pain in a wider range of subjects (both high and low suggestible) than<unk> . The results showed that it is primarily the subject's responsiveness to suggestion, whether within the context of<unk>  or not, that is the main determinant of causing reduction in pain. Other The success rate for habit control is varied. A meta-study researching<unk>  as a quit-smoking tool found it had a 20 to 30 percent success rate, while a 2007 study of patients hospitalised for cardiac and pulmonary ailments found that smokers who used<unk>  to quit smoking doubled their chances of success. In 2019, a Cochrane review was unable to find evidence of benefit of<unk>  in smoking cessation, and suggested if there is, it is small at best.<unk>  may be useful as an adjunct therapy for weight loss. A 1996 meta-analysis studying<unk>  combined with cognitive behavioural therapy found that people using both treatments lost more weight than people using cognitive behavioural therapy alone. The virtual gastric band procedure mixes<unk>  with hypnopedia. The<unk>  instructs the stomach that it is smaller than it really is, and hypnopedia reinforces alimentary habits. A 2016 pilot study found that there was no significant difference in effectiveness between VGB hypnotherapy and relaxation hypnotherapy. Controversy surrounds the use of hypnotherapy to retrieve memories, especially those from early childhood or (supposed) past-lives. The American Medical Association and the American Psychological Association caution against recovered-memory therapy in cases of alleged childhood trauma, stating that "it is impossible, without corroborative evidence, to distinguish a true memory from a false one." Past life regression, meanwhile, is often viewed with skepticism. American psychiatric nurses, in most medical facilities, are allowed to administer<unk>  to patients in order to relieve symptoms such as anxiety, arousal, negative behaviours, uncontrollable behaviour, and to improve self-esteem and confidence. This is permitted only when they have been completely trained about their clinical side effects and while under supervision when administering it. Military A 2006 declassified 1966 document obtained by the US Freedom of Information Act archive shows that<unk>  was investigated for military applications. The full paper explores the potentials of operational uses. The overall conclusion of the study was that there was no evidence that<unk>  could be used for military applications, and no clear evidence whether<unk> " is a definable phenomenon outside ordinary suggestion, motivation, and subject expectancy. According to the document: Furthermore, the document states that: The study concluded that there are no reliable accounts of its effective use by an intelligence service in history. Research into<unk>  in military applications is further verified by the Project MKUltra experiments, also conducted by the CIA. According to Congressional testimony, the CIA experimented with utilising LSD and<unk>  for mind control. Many of these programs were done domestically and on participants who were not informed of the study's
Hypnosis
Hypogeusia
Alkaline tide
Hypohidrosis
Hypoxia 
Hypoglycemia
Alkalosis
Lipedema