<unk>  is<unk>  (i.e. high concentration of carbon dioxide in blood) in respiratory insufficient patients in which oxygenation has become so difficult that the optimal mode of mechanical ventilation (with oxygenation in mind) is not capable of exchanging enough carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is a gaseous product of the body's metabolism and is normally expelled through the lungs. In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), decreasing the tidal volume on the ventilator (usually 6-8 mL/kg) to 4-6 mL/kg may decrease barotrauma by decreasing ventilatory peak airway pressures and leads to improved respiratory recovery.<unk>  (increased pCO2) sometimes needs to be tolerated in order to achieve these lower tidal volumes. The<unk>  leads to respiratory acidosis which might have negative side effects, but given that the patient is in ARDS, improving ventilatory function is more important. Since hypoxemia is a major life-threatening condition and<unk>  is not, one might choose to accept the latter. Hence the term,<unk> ." Altogether, the negative side effects of<unk>  may outweigh the benefits. For that reason, the implementation of extracorporeal CO2 removal (iLA Membrane Ventilator, Novalung) at an early stage of ARDS, has become a well established standard to allow for protective ventilation and avoid respiratory acidosis.
Permissive hypercapnia
Hyperventilation
Hypoventilation
High-frequency ventilation
Prone ventilation
Positive end-expiratory pressure
Pseudohypoxia
Positive airway pressure