<unk>  was discovered in 1965, after the virus was isolated from stored brain and spinal tissue of a child who died of an unknown infection in<unk><unk> , Wisconsin in 1960. It occurs in the Appalachian and Midwestern regions of the United States. Recently there has been an increase of cases in the South East of the United States. An explanation to this may be that the mosquito Aedes albopictus is also an efficient vector of<unk><unk>  virus. Aedes albopictus is a species that has entered the US and spread across the SE of the US and replaced Aedes aegypti in most areas (which is not an efficient vector of<unk> . Historically, most cases of<unk>  encephalitis occur in the upper Midwestern states (Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio). Recently, more cases are being reported from states in the mid-Atlantic (West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina) and southeastern (Alabama and Mississippi) regions of the country. It has long been suspected that<unk>  encephalitis has a broader distribution and a higher incidence in the eastern United States, but is under-reported because the causal agent is often not specifically identified.<unk>  encephalitis cases occur primarily from<unk> te spring through early fall, but in subtropical areas where the mosquito is found (e.g., the Gulf states), rare cases can occur in winter. According to the CDC, between 2004 and 2013 there were 787 total cases of<unk>  and 11 deaths in the U.S. Looking at the distribution of cases across the United States by state, between 2004 and 2013 the most cases of<unk>  was in North Carolina. North Carolina had 184 total cases, followed by Ohio with 178 total cases.
La Crosse encephalitis
Saint Louis encephalitis
Rasmussen's encephalitis
Powassan encephalitis
Eastern equine encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis
Sappinia amoebic encephalitis
Tick-borne encephalitis