Surgical<unk>  Surgical repair is carried out through an incision in the abdomen. After locating the pseudocyst, it is attached to the wall of the stomach and the<unk>  is created. Although it has a high success rate, it is infrequently used because of the recovery period. Endoscopic<unk>  A relatively new and less-invasive method involving endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance and fluoroscopy. A large bore needle is used to access the identified pseudocyst, creating a fistula between the cystic cavity and either the stomach or the duodenum. Plastic stents may be placed to facilitate drainage from the pseudocyst. The success rate of endoscopic treatment of pseudocysts may be greater than 70%. Laparoscopic<unk>  This method is the second of two less invasive surgeries used to drain pseudocysts and can be performed by a single surgeon because of the advanced tools. The pseudocyst is identified and accessed using laparoscopic techniques. Once the pseudocyst cavity is located, it is entered and aspirated, and an opening is created into the stomach for drainage. Laparoscopic drainage may result in better cosmetic appearance and decreased pain following surgery.
Cystogastrostomy
Urostomy
Ureterosigmoidostomy
Ureterocutaneostomy
Nephrostomy
Suprapubic cystostomy
Gastrostomy
Ureteric stent