Mechanism of action In the form of its zinc complex,<unk>  acts as an antagonist (or perhaps more accurately a partial agonist) of the alpha chemokine receptor CXCR4 and an allosteric agonist of CXCR7. The CXCR4 alpha-chemokine receptor and one of its ligands, SDF-1, are important in hematopoietic stem cell homing to the bone marrow and in hematopoietic stem cell quiescence. The in vivo effect of<unk>  with regard to ubiquitin, the alternative endogenous ligand of CXCR4, is unknown.<unk>  has been found to be a strong inducer of mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow to the bloodstream as peripheral blood stem cells. Additionally,<unk>  inhibits CD20 expression on B cells by interfering with CXCR4/SDF1 axis that regulates its expression. Pharmacokinetics Following subcutaneous injection,<unk>  is absorbed quickly and peak concentrations are reached after 30 to 60 minutes. Up to 58% are bound to plasma proteins, the rest mostly resides in extravascular compartments. The drug is not metabolized in significant amounts; no interaction with the cytochrome P450 enzymes or P-glycoproteins has been found. Plasma half life is 3 to 5 hours.<unk>  is excreted via the kidneys, with 70% of the drug being excreted within 24 hours.
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