<unk>  is a powerful stimulant known to make users feel energetic, cheerful, talkative, etc. In time, negative side effects include increased body temperature, irregular or rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and even sudden death from cardiac arrest. Many people who habitually use<unk>  develop a transient, manic-like condition similar to amphetamine psychosis and schizophrenia, whose symptoms include aggression, severe paranoia, restlessness, confusion and tactile hallucinations; which can include the feeling of something crawling under the skin (formication), also known as "coke bugs", during binges. Different ingestion techniques have their own symptoms that accompany them. Snorting it can cause a loss of sense of smell, nose bleeds, problems swallowing and an inflamed, runny nose. Smoking it causes lung damage and injecting it puts users at risk of contracting infectious diseases like HIV and hepatitis C. Heavy users of<unk>  have also reported having thoughts of suicide, unusual weight loss, trouble maintaining relationships, and an unhealthy, pale appearance. Withdrawal symptoms When used habitually,<unk> , because of its highly addictive nature, can change brain structure and function. Circuits within the brain structure, that play a part in stress signals become more sensitive. When<unk>  is not being used this increases an individual's displeasure and negative moods. In 1986, Gawin and Kleber led an important study on the withdrawal symptoms of<unk>  users. In this study, three distinct phases were reported. These phases are the 'crash', 'withdrawal' and 'extinction'. The 'crash' phase or phase 1 occurs directly after<unk>  is not being used anymore. Withdrawal symptoms for this phase are exhaustion, hypersomnia, no cravings to use, dysthymia, increased appetite, restlessness, and irritability. The second phase, or 'withdrawal' phase occurs 1-10 weeks after<unk>  users quit, symptoms include: lethargy, anxiety, erratic sleep, strong craving, emotional lability, irritability, depression, and poor concentration. Finally the last phase or the 'extinction' phase occurs up to 28 weeks after discontinued use, symptoms include: episodic cravings and some dysphoria.
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