A blood smear is a simple and fairly accurate diagnostic tool, provided the blood sample is taken during the period in the day when the juveniles are in the peripheral circulation. Technicians analyzing the blood smear must be able to distinguish between<unk>  and other parasites potentially present. A polymerase chain reaction test can also be performed to detect a minute fraction, as little as 1 pg, of filarial DNA. Some infected people do not have microfilariae in their blood. As a result, tests aimed to detect antigens from adult worms can be used. Ultrasonography can also be used to detect the movements and noises caused by the movement of adult worms. Dead, calcified worms can be detected by X-ray examinations.
Wuchereria bancrofti
Onchocerca volvulus
Schistosoma haematobium
Taenia solium
Schistosoma intercalatum
Echinostoma revolutum
Schistosoma japonicum
Taenia asiatica