Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain<unk> d by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). While most infections result in little or no symptoms, occasional inflammation of the brain occurs. In these<unk> s, symptoms may include headache, vomiting, fever, confusion and seizures. This occurs about 5 to 15 days after infection. JEV is generally spread by mosquitoes, specifically those of the Culex type. Pigs and wild birds serve as a reservoir for the virus. The disease occurs mostly outside of cities. Diagnosis is based on blood or cerebrospinal fluid testing. Prevention is generally with the Japanese encephalitis vaccine, which is both safe and effective. Other measures include avoiding mosquito bites. Once infected, there is no specific treatment, with care being supportive. This is generally carried out in a hospital. Permanent problems occur in up to half of people who recover from JE. The disease occurs in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific. About 3 billion people live in areas where the disease occurs. About 68,000 symptomatic<unk> s occur a year, with about 17,000 deaths. Often,<unk> s occur in outbreaks. The disease was first described in Japan in 1871. Despite its name, the disease is now relatively rare in Japan as a result of large-scale immunisation efforts.
medical cause of Japanese encephalitis
symptom of Japanese encephalitis
symptom of Eastern equine encephalitis
symptom of West Nile fever
symptom of Rabies
symptom of Tuberculous meningitis
symptoms of Rabies
symptom of Neuroleptic malignant syndrome