<unk> s are diagnosed based on tissue from orchiectomy (or partial orchiectomy), done for a lesion suspicious for cancer on medical imaging. The macroscopic appearance of the<unk> r is of a mutinodular grey-white to tan coloured mass with gelatinous, haemorrhagic and necrotic areas. The<unk> r may extend beyond the testis. Histologic appearance Histologically,<unk> s consist of three cell populations: *small cells with a large nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio (6-8 µm), *medium-sized cells with prominent nucleoli (15-18 µm) and, *large cells (50-100 µm). The cells are generally packed into nodules, and have a loose, sheet-like arrangement that is commonly interrupted by interstitial oedema. Unlike classical seminoma, fibrous septation and lymphocytic infiltrates are not seen. Cells undergoing mitosis are common, as are cells undergoing apoptosis. Intratubular growth of<unk>  can be seen, however there is no intratubular germ cell neoplasia of unspecified type (IGCNU). The intratubular growth probably accounts for the appearance of separate<unk> r nodules within the testis. Immunostaining for most of the usual testicular germ cell<unk> r markers is negative (i.e. placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), vimentin, actin, desmin, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), OCT4, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)). Rarely,<unk> s may show sarcomatoid differentiation, most commonly as undifferentiated spindled cells intermingled within the typical-appearing<unk>  cells. Rhabdomyosarcomatous differention has also been described. Image:Spermatocytic seminoma intermed mag.Micrograph of a<unk> . H&E stain. Relation to seminoma<unk>  is not considered a subtype of seminoma and, unlike seminoma and most other germ cell<unk> rs, it does not arise from intratubular germ cell neoplasia. It has not been described as arising in locations outside the testis, and does not occur in association with other germ cell<unk> rs.
Spermatocytic tumor
Granulosa cell tumour
Leydig cell tumour
Sertoli cell tumour
Germ cell tumor
Pineal gland cyst
Theca lutein cyst
Hidrocystoma