Globally, 12% of women are positive for<unk>  DNA, with rates varying by age and country. The highest rates of<unk>  are in younger women, with a rate of 24% in women under 25 years. Rates decline in older age groups in Europe and the Americas, but less so in Africa and Asia. The rates are highest in Sub-Saharan Africa (24%) and Eastern Europe (21%) and lowest in North America (5%) and Western Asia (2%). The most common types of<unk>  worldwide are<unk> 16 (3.2%),<unk> 18 (1.4%),<unk> 52 (0.9%),<unk> 31 (0.8%), and<unk> 58 (0.7%). High-risk types of<unk>  are also distributed unevenly, with<unk> 16 having a rate around 13% in Africa and 30% in West and Central Asia. Like many diseases,<unk>  disproportionately affects low-income and resource-poor countries. The higher rates of<unk>  in Sub-Saharan Africa, for example, may be related to high exposure to<unk>  immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the region. Other factors that impact the global spread of disease are sexual behaviors including age of sexual debut, number of sexual partners, and ease of access to barrier contraception, all of which vary globally. United States +<unk>  prevalence among women by age, including 20 low-risk types and 23 high-risk types Age (years) Prevalence (%) 14 to 19 24.5% 20 to 24 44.8% 25 to 29 27.4% 30 to 39 27.5% 40 to 49 25.2% 50 to 59 19.6% 14 to 59 26.8%<unk>  is estimated to be the most common sexually transmitted<unk>  in the United States. Most sexually active men and women will probably acquire genital<unk><unk>  at some point in their lives. The American Social Health Association estimates that about 75–80% of sexually active Americans will be infected with<unk>  at some point in their lifetime. By the age of 50 more than 80% of American women will have contracted at least one strain of genital<unk> . It was estimated that, in the year 2000, there were approximately 6.2 million new<unk><unk> s among Americans aged 15–44; of these, an estimated 74% occurred to people between ages of 15 and 24. Of the STDs studied, genital<unk>  was the most commonly acquired. In the United States, it is estimated that 10% of the population has an active<unk><unk> , 4% has an<unk>  that has caused cytological abnormalities, and an additional 1% has an<unk>  causing genital warts. Estimates of<unk>  prevalence vary from 14% to more than 90%. One reason for the difference is that some studies report women who currently have a detectable<unk> , while other studies report women who have ever had a detectable<unk> . Another cause of discrepancy is the difference in strains that were tested for. One study found that, during 2003–2004, at any given time, 26.8% of women aged 14 to 59 were infected with at least one type of<unk> . This was higher than previous estimates; 15.2% were infected with one or more of the high-risk types that can cause cancer. The prevalence for high-risk and low-risk types is roughly similar over time.<unk><unk>  is not included among the diseases that are typically reportable to the CDC as of 2011. Ireland On average 538 cases of<unk> -associated cancers were diagnosed per year in Ireland during the period 2010 to 2014. Cervical cancer was the most frequent<unk> -associated cancer with on average 292 cases per year (74% of the female total, and 54% of the overall total of<unk> -associated cancers). A study of 996 cervical cytology samples in an Irish urban female, opportunistically screened population, found an overall<unk>  prevalence of 19.8%,<unk>  16 at 20% and<unk>  18 at 12% were the commonest high-risk types detected. In Europe, types 16 and 18 are responsible for over 70% of cervical cancers. Overall rates of<unk> -associated invasive cancers may be increasing. Between 1994 and 2014, there was a 2% increase in the rate of<unk> -associated invasive cancers per year for both sexes in Ireland. As<unk>  is known to be associated with ano-genital warts, these are notifiable to the Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC). Genital warts are the second most common STI in Ireland. There were 1,281 cases of ano-genital warts notified in 2017, which was a decrease on the 2016 figure of 1,593. The highest age-specific rate for both male and female was in the 25-29 year old age range, 53% of cases were among males. Sri Lanka In Sri Lanka, the prevalence of<unk>  is 15.5% regardless of their cytological abnormalities.
Human papillomavirus infection
Circumcision
Radiation exposure
Dry sex
Tobacco smoking
Vaginal yeast infection
Risky sexual behavior
Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia