Much of the disease burden of high blood pressure is experienced by people who are not labeled as hypertensive. Consequently, population strategies are required to reduce the consequences of high blood pressure and reduce the need for antihypertensive medications. Lifestyle changes are recommended to lower blood pressure, before starting medications. The 2004 British Hypertension Society guidelines proposed lifestyle changes consistent with those outlined by the US National High BP Education Program in 2002 for the primary prevention of hypertension: * maintain normal body weight for adults (e.g. body mass index 20–25 kg/m2) * reduce dietary sodium intake to <100 mmol/ day (<6 g of sodium chloride or <2.4 g of sodium per day) * engage in regular aerobic physical activity such as brisk walking (≥30 min per day, most days of the week) * limit alcohol consumption to no more than 3 units/day in men and no more than 2 units/day in women * consume a diet rich in fruit and vegetables (e.g. at least five portions per day); Effective lifestyle modification may lower blood pressure as much as an individual antihypertensive medication. Combinations of two or more lifestyle modifications can achieve even better results. There is considerable evidence that reducing dietary salt intake lowers blood pressure, but whether this translates into a reduction in mortality and cardiovascular disease remains uncertain. Estimated sodium intake ≥6g/day and <3g/day are both associated with high risk of death or major cardiovascular disease, but the association between high sodium intake and adverse outcomes is only observed in people with hypertension. Consequently, in the absence of results from randomized controlled trials, the wisdom of reducing levels of dietary salt intake below 3g/day has been questioned. ESC guidelines mention periodontitis is associated with poor cardiovascular<unk> h status.
medical cause of Heart failure
medical cause of Coronary artery disease
medical cause of Chest pain
medical cause of Myocardial infarction
medical cause of Cardiomegaly
complications of Angina
medical cause of Pericarditis
medical cause of Constrictive pericarditis