The most common<unk> es are described below. *Appendectomy—Surgical opening of the<unk>  cavity and removal of the appendix. Typically performed as definitive treatment for appendicitis, although sometimes the appendix is prophylactically removed incidental to another<unk>  procedure. *Caesarean section (also known as C-section) is a surgical procedure in which one or more incisions are made through a mother's abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver one or more babies, or, rarely, to remove a dead fetus. *Inguinal hernia surgery—This refers to the repair of an inguinal hernia. *Exploratory laparotomy—This refers to the opening of the<unk>  cavity for direct examination of its contents, for example, to locate a source of bleeding or trauma. It may or may not be followed by repair or removal of the primary problem. *Laparoscopy—A minimally invasive approach to<unk>  where rigid tubes are inserted through small incisions into the<unk>  cavity. The tubes allow introduction of a small camera, surgical instruments, and gases into the cavity for direct or indirect visualization and treatment of the abdomen. The abdomen is inflated with carbon dioxide gas to facilitate visualization and, often, a small video camera is used to show the procedure on a monitor in the operating room. The surgeon manipulates instruments within the<unk>  cavity to perform procedures such as cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal), the most common laparoscopic procedure. The laparoscopic method speeds recovery time and reduces blood loss and infection as compared to the traditional "open" method.
Abdominal surgery
Colorectal surgery
Digestive system surgery
Preoperative fasting
Clinical nutrition
Preoperative care
Probiotics in children
Gynecologic pathology