An<unk>  <unk> , also known as<unk>  contraceptive<unk>  (IUCD or ICD) or coil, is a small, often T-shaped birth control<unk>  that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy.<unk> s are one form of long-acting reversible birth control (LARC). One study found that female family planning providers choose LARC methods more often (41.7%) than the general public (12.1%). Among birth control methods,<unk> s, along with other contraceptive implants, result in the greatest satisfaction among users.<unk> s are safe and effective in adolescents as well as those who have not previously had children. Once an<unk>  is removed, even after long-term use, fertility returns to normal rapidly. Copper<unk> s have a failure rate of about 0.8% while hormonal (levonorgestrel)<unk> s fail about 0.2% of the time within the first year of use. In comparison, male sterilization and male condoms have a failure rate of about 0.15% and 15%, respectively. Copper<unk> s can also be used as emergency contraception within five days of unprotected sex. Although copper<unk> s may increase menstrual bleeding and result in painful cramps, hormonal<unk> s may reduce menstrual bleeding or stop menstruation altogether. However, women can have daily spotting for several months and it can take up to three months for there to be a 90% decrease in bleeding. Cramping can be treated with NSAIDs. More serious potential complications include expulsion (2–5%) and rarely perforation of the uterus (less than 0.7%).<unk> s do not affect breastfeeding and can be inserted immediately after delivery. They may also be used immediately after an abortion. The use of<unk> s increased within the United States from 0.8% in 1995 to 7.2% from the period of 2006 to 2014. The use of<unk> s as a form of birth control dates from the 1800s. A previous model known as the Dalkon shield was associated with an increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). However, current models do not affect PID risk in women without sexually transmitted infections during the time of insertion.
Intrauterine device
Contraceptive implant
Male contraceptive
Fertility medication
Injectable birth control
Oral contraceptive pill
Combined hormonal contraception
Spermicide