Stroke and other cardiovascular diseases are related to<unk> , and those under the age of 70 have an increased risk of early death. Persons with sleep<unk>  have a 30% higher risk of heart attack or death than those unaffected. In severe and prolonged cases, increased in pulmonary pressures are transmitted to the right side of the heart. This can result in a severe form of congestive heart failure known as cor pulmonale. Diastolic function of the heart also becomes affected. Elevated arterial pressure (i.e., hypertension) can be a consequence of<unk>  syndrome. When hypertension is caused by<unk> , it is distinctive in that, unlike most cases (so-called essential hypertension), the readings do not drop significantly when the individual is sleeping (non-dipper) or even increase (inverted dipper). Without treatment, the sleep deprivation and lack of oxygen caused by sleep<unk>  increases health risks such as cardiovascular disease, aortic disease (e.g. aortic aneurysm), high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, clinical depression, weight gain, obesity, and even death.<unk>  is associated with cognitive impairment, including deficits in inductive and deductive reasoning, attention, vigilance, learning, executive functions, and episodic and working memory.<unk>  is associated with increased risk for developing mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and has been associated with neuroanatomical changes (reductions in volumes of the hippocampus, and gray matter volume of the frontal and parietal lobes) which can however be at least in part reversed with CPAP treatment.
Obstructive sleep apnea
Sleep apnea
Central sleep apnea
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
Hyperventilation syndrome
Sleep-related breathing disorder
Central hypoventilation syndrome
Reactive airway disease