The following tests have been promoted as supposedly diagnosing<unk> , but all have been unsuccessful at predicting stillbirth due to<unk> : * Placental grading * Amniotic fluid index * Fetal biophysical profile test scoring * Doppler velocimetry * Routine ultrasound scanning * Detection and management of maternal diabetes mellitus * Antenatal fetal heart rate monitoring using cardiotocography * Vibroacoustic stimulation, fetal movement counting * Home vs. hospital-based bed rest and monitoring in high-risk pregnancy * In-hospital fetal surveillance unit * Use of the partograph during labor * Cardiotocography during labor with or without pulse oximetry
Placental insufficiency
Placental disease
Fetal-maternal haemorrhage
Foetal cerebral redistribution
Retained placenta
Placental expulsion
Umbilical cord compression
Fetal distress