In females,<unk>  can usually be treated in the physician's office using local anesthesia to numb the area and dilating (widening) the urethral opening with special instruments. In males, it is treated by a second surgical procedure called meatotomy in which the meatus is crushed with a straight mosquito hemostat and then divided with fine-tipped scissors. Recently, home-dilatation has been shown to be a successful treatment for most boys.
Meatal stenosis
Nasal septum deviation
Laryngotracheal stenosis
Laryngomalacia
Subglottic stenosis
Perforated eardrum
Hiatal hernia
Velopharyngeal insufficiency