Early diagnosis of<unk>  is urgent, and it involves a complete and thorough physical examination. Common presenting signs include: a protruding eye (proptosis), eyelid edema (swelling), eye pain, vision loss, inability to move the eye completely (ophthalmoplegia), and fever. It is important to correlate physical findings with patient history and reported symptoms. CT scan and MRI of the orbits are two imaging modalities that are commonly used to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of<unk> , as they can provide detailed images that can show the extent of inflammation along with possible abscess location, size, and involvement of surrounding structures. Ultrasound has also been used as an imaging modality in the past, but it cannot provide the same level of detail as CT or MRI. Blood cultures, electrolytes, and a complete blood count (CBC) with differential showing elevated white blood cell count is a useful laboratory test that may aid in diagnosis. Differential Diagnosis A variety of pathologies and diseases can present similarly to<unk> , including: * Inflammatory causes (thyroid eye disease, idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome, sarcoidosis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis) * Infectious causes (subperiosteal abscess) * Neoplastic, benign and malignant (dermoid cyst, capillary hemangioma, rhabdomyosarcoma, optic nerve glioma, lymphangioma, neurofibroma, leukemia) * Trauma (orbital fracture, retrobulbar hemorrhage, orbital foreign body, carotid cavernous fistula) *Malformation (congenital, vascular)
Orbital cellulitis
Mucormycosis
Periorbital cellulitis
Orbital lymphoma
Corneal ulcer
Blepharitis
Labyrinthitis
Orbital emphysema