<unk>  are reflex actions originating in the central nervous system that are exhibited by normal infants, but not neurologically intact adults, in response to particular stimuli. These<unk>  are suppressed by the development of the frontal lobes as a child transitions normally into child development. These<unk>  are also called infantile, infant or newborn<unk> . Older children and adults with atypical neurology (e.g., people with cerebral palsy) may retain these<unk>  and<unk>  may reappear in adults. Reappearance may be attributed to certain neurological conditions including dementia (especially in a rare set of diseases called frontotemporal degenerations), traumatic lesions, and strokes. An individual with cerebral palsy and typical intelligence can learn to suppress these<unk> , but the reflex might resurface under certain conditions (i.e., during extreme startle reaction).<unk>  may also be limited to those areas affected by the atypical neurology, (i.e., individuals with cerebral palsy that only affects their legs retaining the Babinski reflex but having normal speech); for those individuals with hemiplegia, the reflex may be seen in the foot on the affected side only.<unk>  are primarily tested with suspected brain injury or some dementias such as Parkinson's disease for the purpose of assessing frontal lobe functioning. If they are not being suppressed properly they are called frontal release signs. Atypical<unk>  are also being researched as potential early indicators of autistic spectrum disorders.<unk>  are mediated by extrapyramidal functions, many of which are already present at birth. They are lost as the pyramidal tracts gain functionality with progressive myelination. They may reappear in adults or children with loss of function of the pyramidal system due to a variety of reasons. However, with the advent of Amiel Tison method of neurological assessment, the importance of assessment of such<unk>  in the pediatric population has come down.
Primitive reflexes
Pharyngeal reflex
Sensorimotor rhythm
Accommodation reflex
Sense of balance
Motor coordination
Stretch reflex
Galant reflex