Crohn's<unk>  is a type of inflammatory bowel<unk>  (IBD) that may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms often include abdominal pain, diarrhea (which may be bloody if inflammation is severe), fever, abdominal distension, and weight loss. Complications outside of the gastrointestinal tract may include anemia, skin rashes, arthritis, inflammation of the eye, and fatigue. The skin rashes may be due to infections as well as pyoderma gangrenosum or erythema nodosum. Bowel obstruction may occur as a complication of chronic inflammation, and those with the<unk>  are at greater risk of colon cancer and small bowel cancer. While the precise causes of Crohn's<unk>  (CD) are unknown, it is believed to be caused by a combination of environmental, immune, and bacterial factors in genetically susceptible individuals. It results in a chronic inflammatory disorder, in which the body's immune system defends the gastrointestinal tract, possibly targeting microbial antigens. While Crohn's is an immune-related<unk> , it does not appear to be an autoimmune<unk>  (in that the immune system is not being triggered by the body itself). The exact underlying immune problem is not clear; however, it may be an immunodeficiency state. About half of the overall risk is related to genetics, with more than 70 genes having been found to be involved. Tobacco smokers are twice as likely to develop Crohn's<unk>  as nonsmokers. It also often begins after gastroenteritis. Diagnosis is based on a number of findings, including biopsy and appearance of the bowel wall, medical imaging, and description of the<unk> . Other conditions that can present similarly include irritable bowel syndrome and Behçet's<unk> . There is no known cure for Crohn's<unk> . Treatment options are intended to help with symptoms, maintain remission, and prevent relapse. In those newly diagnosed, a corticosteroid may be used for a brief period of time to rapidly improve symptoms, alongside another medication such as either methotrexate or a thiopurine used to prevent recurrence. Stopping smoking is recommended in people with Crohn's<unk> . One in five people with the<unk>  is admitted to the hospital each year, and half of those with the<unk>  will require surgery for the<unk>  at some point over a ten-year period. While surgery should be used as little as possible, it is necessary to address some abscesses, certain bowel obstructions, and cancers. Checking for bowel cancer via colonoscopy is recommended every few years, starting eight years after the<unk>  has begun. Crohn's<unk>  affects about 3.2 per 1,000 people in Europe and North America, and around 1.54 in 1000 in the UK. It is less common in Asia and Africa. It has historically been more common in the developed world. Rates have, however, been increasing, particularly in the developing world, since the 1970s. Inflammatory bowel<unk>  resulted in 47,400 deaths in 2015, and those with Crohn's<unk>  have a slightly reduced life expectancy. It tends to start in the teens and twenties, though it can occur at any age. Males and females are equally affected.
medical cause of Peptic ulcer disease
symptoms of Helicobacter pylori
medical cause of Gastritis
symptom of Helicobacter pylori
symptom of Ulcerative colitis
symptom of Small intestine cancer
symptom of Stomach cancer
complications of Helicobacter pylori