The progression to<unk>  usually begins with the development of pain with movement of the shoulder and stiffness which will be conservatively managed with activity modification, physical therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drugs. Additionally, intra-articular corticosteroid injections (injection into the joint space) are another popular, conservative option. If all non-surgical, conservative treatment options fail and pain is affecting quality of life, then the<unk>  will likely be indicated. Various studies on<unk> s have confirmed this indication, noting specifically that severe glenohumeral arthritis as the cause. The reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) was developed in the 1980s as a treatment for rotator cuff tear arthropathy in the elderly. It has demonstrated excellent clinical outcomes and thus has become well-established as the treatment of choice for cuff tear arthropathy. National joint registries have reported 10-year survivorship for the diagnosis of rotator cuff arthropathy of 94.1%. Increasing surgeon experience with the reverse prosthesis has seen a decrease in complications and a change in the indications for surgery. An early expanded indication was primary osteoarthritis with loss of rotator cuff function. Massive irreparable rotator cuff tear without osteoarthritis has also been an accepted indication for a number of years, given numerous studies have reported good functional outcomes. Over the last 10 years the indications for RTSA have seen a huge expansion. These include posterior glenoid deficiency with intact cuff, fracture, tumour and revision surgery.
Shoulder replacement
Shoulder reduction
Knee replacement
Hip replacement
Ankle replacement
Reverse shoulder replacement
Arthrodesis
Percutaneous pinning