Among preschoolers with<unk> , the prognosis for recovery is good. Based on research, about 65% to 87.5% of preschoolers who stutter recover spontaneously by 7 years of age or within the first 2 years of<unk> , and about 74% recover by their early teens. In particular, girls seem to recover well. For others, early intervention is effective in helping the child overcome disfluency. Once<unk>  has become established, and the child has developed secondary behaviors, the prognosis is more guarded, and only 18% of children who stutter after five years recover spontaneously.<unk>  that persists after the age of seven is classified as persistent<unk> , and is associated with a much lower chance of recovery. However, with treatment young children may be left with little evidence of<unk> . For adults who stutter, there is no known cure, though they may make partial recovery or even complete recovery with intervention. People who stutter often learn to stutter less severely, though others may make no progress with therapy. Emotional sequelae associated with<unk>  primarily relates to state-dependent anxiety related to the speech disorder itself. However, this is typically isolated to social contexts that require speaking, is not a trait anxiety, and this anxiety does not persist if<unk>  remits spontaneously. Research attempting to correlate<unk>  with generalized or state anxiety, personality profiles, trauma history, or decreased IQ have failed to find adequate empirical support for any of these claims.
Stuttering
Hoarse voice
Drooling
Spasmodic dysphonia
Stilted speech
Facial toning
Kussmaul breathing
Sleepwalking