An important risk factor for<unk><unk>  is<unk>  previa in the presence of a uterine scar.<unk>  previa is an independent risk factor for<unk><unk> . Additional reported risk factors for<unk><unk>  include maternal age and multiparity, other prior uterine surgery, prior uterine curettage, uterine irradiation, endometrial ablation, Asherman syndrome, uterine leiomyomata, uterine anomalies, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and smoking. The condition is increased in incidence by the presence of scar tissue i.e. Asherman's syndrome usually from past uterine surgery, especially from a past dilation and curettage, (which is used for many indications including miscarriage, termination, and postpartum hemorrhage), myomectomy, or caesarean section. A thin decidua can also be a contributing factor to such trophoblastic invasion. Some studies suggest that the rate of incidence is higher when the fetus is female. Other risk factors include low-lying<unk> , anterior<unk> , congenital or acquired uterine defects (such as uterine septa), leiomyoma, ectopic implantation of<unk>  (including cornual pregnancy). Pregnant women above 35 years of age who have had a Caesarian section and now have a<unk>  previa overlying the uterine scar have a 40% chance of<unk><unk> .
Placenta accreta spectrum
After-birth abortion
Instillation abortion
Septic abortion
Toxic abortion
Puppy pregnancy syndrome
complications of Mastitis
complications of Pregnancy