<unk> , also termed<unk>  neuromodulation, is a type of medical electrical stimulation therapy. It typically involves the implantation of a programmable stimulator subcutaneously, which delivers low amplitude electrical stimulation via a lead to the<unk>  nerve, usually accessed via the S3 foramen. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved InterStim Therapy, by Medtronic, as a<unk>  nerve stimulator for treatment of urinary incontinence, high urinary frequency and urinary retention.<unk>  is also under investigation as treatment for other conditions, including constipation brought on by nerve damage due to surgical procedures. An experimental procedure for constipation in children is being conducted in Nationwide Children's Hospital. In the event that the nerves and the brain are no longer communicating effectively, resulting in a bowel/bladder disorder, this type of treatment is designed to imitate a signal sent via the central nervous system. One of the major nerve routes is from the brain, along the spinal cord and through the back. This is commonly referred to as the<unk>  area. This area controls the everyday function of the pelvic floor, urethral sphincter, bladder and bowel. By stimulating the<unk>  nerve (located in the lower back), a signal is sent that manipulates a contraction within the pelvic floor. Over time these contractions rebuild the strength of the organs and muscles within it. This effectively alleviates all symptoms of urinary/faecal disorders, and in many cases eliminates them completely.
Sacral nerve stimulation
Sacral anterior root stimulator
Sacral nerve stimulator
Spinal fMRI
Sciatic nerve block
Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation
Lumbar provocative discography
Femoral nerve block