The<unk>  (MEVE) study was a retrospective observational study of<unk> l hormone therapy and<unk>  thromboembolism (VTE) in postmenopausal women with a previous history of VTE. It found that transdermal estradiol was not associated with increased risk of VTE ( = 1.0, 95% 0.4–2.4) whereas oral<unk> s were associated with a large increase in risk ( = 6.4, 95% 1.5–27.3). The mean dose of transdermal estradiol in the study was 50 μg/day, although data on dose were missing for around 50% of women. Similarly, a small study found that transdermal estradiol did not influence coagulation in women with prior VTE. These findings are similar to studies in<unk> l women without prior history of VTE which have found that transdermal estradiol has minimal influence on coagulation and is not associated with increased risk of VTE at doses of up to 100 μg/day.<unk> l hormone therapy guidelines have cited the MEVE study and recommended use of transdermal estradiol over oral<unk> s in women at high risk for VTE. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are still needed to definitively confirm findings that transdermal estradiol is safer than oral<unk> s in terms of VTE risk.
Menopause, Estrogen and Venous Events
Lupus and pregnancy
Postpolypectomy coagulation syndrome
Diabetes and pregnancy
Risk factors for breast cancer
Smoking and pregnancy
Obesity and cancer
Puberty menorrhagia