<unk>  is an interdisciplinary area of academic study that examines<unk> s through the influences and interplay of many diverse fields such as genetics, evolution, physiology, anatomy, epidemiology, anthropology, ecology, nutrition, population genetics, and sociocultural influences. It is closely related to the biomedical sciences,<unk> cal anthropology and other<unk> cal fields tying in various aspects of<unk>  functionality. It wasn't until the 20th century when biogerontologist, Raymond Pearl, founder of the journal<unk> , phrased the term<unk> " in a way to describe a separate subsection apart from<unk> . It is also a portmanteau term that describes all<unk> cal aspects of the<unk>  body, typically using the<unk>  body as a type organism for Mammalia, and in that context it is the basis for many undergraduate University degrees and modules. Most aspects of<unk>  are identical or very similar to general mammalian<unk> . In particular, and as examples,<unk> s : * maintain their body temperature * have an internal skeleton * have a circulatory system * have a nervous system to provide sensory information and operate and coordinate muscular activity. * have a reproductive system in which they bear live young and produce milk. * have an endocrine system and produce and eliminate hormones and other bio-chemical signalling agents * have a respiratory system where air is inhaled into lungs and oxygen is used to produce energy. * have an immune system to protect against disease * Excrete waste as urine and faeces.
Human biology
Human genetics
Human reproduction
Child sexuality
Reproductive technology
Epigenetics of neurodegenerative diseases
Neurodiversity
Learned intermediary