Type Causes Tumors Most cases of<unk>  are due to pituitary adenomas compressing the normal tissue in the gland, and rarely other brain tumors outside the gland—craniopharyngioma, meningioma, chordoma, ependymoma, glioma or metastasis from cancer elsewhere in the body. Infection,inflammation andinfiltration The pituitary may also be affected by infections of the brain (brain abscess, meningitis, encephalitis) or of the gland itself, or it may be infiltrated by abnormal cells (neurosarcoidosis, histiocytosis) or excessive iron (hemochromatosis). Empty sella syndrome is unexplained disappearance of pituitary tissue, probably due to outside pressure. Autoimmune or lymphocytic hypophysitis occurs when the immune system directly attacks the pituitary. Vascular As a pregnancy comes to term, a pregnant woman's pituitary gland is vulnerable to low blood pressure, such as may result from hemorrhage; pituitary damage due to bleeding after childbirth is called Sheehan's syndrome. Pituitary apoplexy is hemorrhage or infarction (loss of blood supply) of the pituitary. Other forms of stroke are increasingly recognized as a cause for<unk> . Radiation Radiation-induced<unk>  mainly affects growth hormone and gonadal hormones. In contrast, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) deficiencies are the least common among people with radiation-induced<unk> . Changes in prolactin-secretion is usually mild, and vasopressin deficiency appears to be very rare as a consequence of radiation. Other physical External physical causes for<unk>  include traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, neurosurgery and ionizing radiation (e.g. radiation therapy for a previous brain tumor). Bites from Russell's vipers have also been known to cause<unk>  in approx 29% of cases. Congenital Congenital<unk>  (present at birth) may be the result of complications around delivery, or may be the result of insufficient development (hypoplasia) of the gland, sometimes in the context of specific genetic abnormalities. Mutations may cause either insufficient development of the gland or decreased function. Forms of combined pituitary hormone deficiency ("CPHD") include: Type OMIM Gene CPHD1 POU1F1 CPHD2 PROP1 CPHD3 LHX3 CPHD4 LHX4 CPHD5 (Septo-optic dysplasia) HESX1 Kallmann syndrome causes deficiency of the gonadotropins only. Bardet–Biedl syndrome and Prader–Willi syndrome have been associated with pituitary hormone deficiencies.
Hypopituitarism
Laron syndrome
Hyperpituitarism
Hyperprolactinemic SAHA syndrome
Late onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Hypergonadotropic hypergonadism