Common locations of fracture of femur Physical exam<unk>  shaft fractures occur during extensive trauma, and they can act as distracting injuries, whereby the observer accidentally overlooks other injuries, preventing a thorough exam of the complete body. For example, the ligaments and meniscus of the ipsilateral (same side) knee are also commonly injured. Radiography Anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral radiographs are typically obtained. In order to rule out other injuries, hip, pelvis, and knee radiographs are also obtained. The hip radiograph is of particular importance, because<unk>  neck fractures can lead to osteonecrosis of the<unk>  head. Classification The diaphysis is the midshaft of the femur The fracture may be classed as open, which occurs when the bone fragments protrude through the skin, or there is an overlying wound that penetrates to the bone. These types of fracture cause more damage to the surrounding tissue, are less likely to heal properly, and are at much greater risk of infection.<unk>  shaft fractures<unk>  shaft fractures can be classified with the Winquist and Hansen classification, which is based on the amount of comminution. Distal femur fractures Fractures of the inferior or distal femur may be complicated by separation of the condyles, resulting in misalignment of the articular surfaces of the knee joint, or by hemorrhage from the large popliteal artery that runs directly on the posterior surface of the bone. This fracture compromises the blood supply to the leg (an occurrence that should always be considered in knee fractures or dislocations).
Femoral fracture
Pelvic fracture
Hip fracture
Knee dislocation  Knee dislocation  1
Humerus fracture
Elbow fracture
Ankle fracture
Hume fracture