As of 2017, data on optimal treatment was limited. Therapies with hormones is the standard of care, namely adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), or oral corticosteroids such as prednisone. Vigabatrin is also a common consideration, though there is a risk of visual field loss with long term use. The high cost of ACTH leads doctors to avoid it in the US; higher dose prednisone appears to generate equivalent outcomes. As of 2017 data from clinical trials of the ketogenic diet for treating infantile<unk>  was inconsistent; most trials were as a second-line therapy after failure of drug treatment, and as of 2017 it had not been explored as a first line treatment in an adequately designed clinical trial. Epilepsy surgery is recommended in patients with seizures arising from a restricted region.
Epileptic spasms
Gelastic seizure
Reflex seizure
Musicogenic seizure
Hair-grooming syncope
Benign neonatal sleep myoclonus
Reflex syncope
Absence seizure