Biofilm bacterial infections may account for many cases of antibiotic-refractory chronic sinusitis. Biofilms are complex aggregates of extracellular matrix and interdependent microorganisms from multiple species, many of which may be difficult or impossible to isolate using standard clinical laboratory techniques. Bacteria found in biofilms have their antibiotic resistance increased up to 1000 times when compared to free-living bacteria of the same species. A recent study found that biofilms were present on the mucosa of 75% of people undergoing surgery for chronic sinusitis.
complications of Pharyngitis
complications of Tonsillitis
medical cause of Sinusitis
medical cause of Epiglottitis
medical cause of Tonsillitis
complications of Bronchiolitis
complications of Lemierre's syndrome
causes of Tonsillitis