Most common * Biliary pancreatitis due to gallstones or constriction of ampulla of Vater in 40% of cases * Alcohol in 30% of cases * Idiopathic in 15-25% of cases * Metabolic disorders: hereditary pancreatitis, hypercalcemia, elevated triglycerides, malnutrition * Post-ERCP * Abdominal trauma * Penetrating ulcers * Carcinoma of the head of pancreas, and other cancer * Drugs: diuretics (e.g., thiazides, furosemide), gliptins (e.g., vildagliptin, sitagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin), tetracycline, sulfonamides, estrogens, azathioprine and mercaptopurine, pentamidine, salicylates, steroids, Depakote * Infections: mumps, viral hepatitis, coxsackie B virus, cytomegalovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Ascaris *Structural abnormalities: choledochocele, pancreas divisum * Radiotherapy * Autoimmune pancreatitis * Severe hypertriglyceridemia Less common * Scorpion venom * Chinese liver fluke * Ischemia from bypass surgery * Heart valve surgery * Fat necrosis * Pregnancy * Infections other than mumps, including varicella zoster * Hyperparathyroidism * Valproic acid * Cystic fibrosis * Anorexia or bulimia * Codeine phosphate reaction
Acute pancreatitis
Grey Turner's sign
Gallstone ileus
Chronic pancreatitis
Acute abdomen
Pancreatic abscess
Ascending cholangitis
Pancreatic fistula