An antique selection of<unk> s<unk>  (also<unk> ism) is the study of pharmacognosy and the use of medicinal plants, which are a basis of traditional medicine. There is limited scientific evidence for the safety and efficacy of plants used in 21st century<unk> ism, which generally does not provide standards for purity or dosage. The scope of<unk>  commonly includes fungal and bee products, as well as minerals, shells and certain animal parts.<unk>  is also called phytomedicine or phytotherapy. Paraherbalism describes alternative and pseudoscientific practices of using unrefined plant or animal extracts as unproven medicines or health-promoting agents. Paraherbalism relies on the belief that preserving various substances from a given source with less processing is safer or more effective than manufactured products, a concept for which there is no evidence.
Herbal medicine
Alternative medicine
Venoms in medicine
Cold medicine
Bush medicine
Graphic medicine
Botanical drug
Traditional Chinese medicine