<unk>  valves The most common cause of<unk>  is reflux of the<unk>  valves of superficial veins. This may in turn be caused by several conditions: * Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), that is, blood clots in the deep veins.<unk>  caused by DVT may be described as postthrombotic syndrome. DVT triggers an inflammatory response subsequently injuring the vein wall. * Superficial vein thrombosis. * Phlebitis * May–Thurner syndrome. This is a rare condition in which blood clots occur in the iliofemoral vein due to compression of the blood vessels in the leg. The specific problem is compression of the left common iliac vein by the overlying right common iliac artery. Many May-Thurner compressions are overlooked when there is no blood clot. More and more of them get nowadays diagnosed and treated (by stenting) due to advanced imaging techniques. Deep and superficial vein thrombosis may in turn be caused by thrombophilia, which is an increased propensity of forming blood clots. Arteriovenous fistula (an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein) may cause<unk>  even with working vein valves.
Chronic venous insufficiency
Compartment syndrome
Arterial insufficiency ulcer
Lymphedema
Diabetic foot
Lipedema
Raynaud syndrome
Deep vein thrombosis