Treatment modalities for<unk>  range from conservative measures to surgical procedures. Conservative measures Conservative measures are often the first forms of treatment offered to patients with<unk> , especially those in which symptoms are minor. Often the patients will be reassured and recommended to limit activity, use ice, and take pain medication such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Further measures such as osteopathic manipulation treatment (OMT), physical therapy, chiropractic treatment, and acupuncture, are other non-invasive methods that have been used to treat SRS, with the goal of these treatments typically being relief or symptom management. Topical medications are occasionally used, such as Diclofenac gel and lidocaine transdermal patches, which have been noted to provide temporary relief of symptoms. Nerve blocking injections Minimally invasive procedures have been used for individuals with moderate<unk> . Nerve blocking injections consisting of steroidal or local anesthetic agents have been commonly reported as a treatment to avoid surgical intervention. This minimally invasive intervention is seen as temporary, with repeated injections necessary to prevent the resurgence of symptoms. Surgical procedures Surgical intervention is often performed in cases where other treatment modalities have failed to provide a solution. There are 4 types of surgical procedures noted in current literature: costal cartilage removal,<unk>  resection, laparoscopic costal cartilage removal, and<unk>  stabilization with plating. Costal cartilage removal, or excision, was first attempted in 1922 by Davies-Colley and has been the technique used by several surgeons since then. This method of surgical repair includes removal of the cartilage affected from the sternum to the boned portion of the<unk> , with or without preserving the perichondrium.<unk>  resection differentiates from costal cartilage removal as it removes a small bone portion of the affected<unk> (s). Laparoscopic costal cartilage removal is a minimally invasive, intra-abdominal approach to treating the condition. The affected cartilage is excised from the sternocostal junction to the costochondral junction. It is to be noted that within studies that have performed these procedures, some individuals may experience recurrence of symptoms. An alternative technique known as<unk>  stabilization with plating is used to prevent subluxation of the affected<unk> (s) while preserving thorax mobility. It was first used to treat individuals who have undergone previous resection surgeries but experienced a recurrence of symptoms. In this procedure, the<unk> s are stabilized using a bio-absorbable plate that is anchored onto a stable non-affected<unk>  located above the affected<unk> (s). The plates are vertically placed onto the<unk> s and secured using non-absorbable sutures.
Slipping rib syndrome
Twelfth rib syndrome
Iliocostal friction syndrome
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Cuboid syndrome
Snapping scapula syndrome
Facet syndrome
Seat belt syndrome