When HIV-negative children take isoniazid after they have been exposed to tuberculosis, their risk to contract tuberculosis is reduced. A Cochrane review investigated whether giving isoniazid to HIV-positive children can help to prevent this vulnerable group from getting tuberculosis. They included three trials conducted in South Africa and Botswana and found that isoniazid given to all children diagnosed with HIV may reduce the risk of active tuberculosis and death in children who are not on antiretroviral treatment. For children taking antiretroviral medication, no clear benefit was detected.
Tuberculosis in relation to HIV
Latent tuberculosis
HIV/AIDS in Vietnam
HIV-tainted blood scandal 
HIV/AIDS in Laos
Hepatitis C and HIV coinfection
Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis
Primary inoculation tuberculosis