Prevention through sanitary practices is the best protection. The likelihood of infection through animal transmission can be reduced by avoiding exposure to sick pigs, and to bats where the disease is endemic. Bats harbor a significantly higher proportion of zoonotic<unk> es than all other mammalian orders, and are known not to be affected by the many<unk> es they carry, apparently due to their developing special immune systems to deal with the stress of flying. Infection via bats can be caused by drinking raw palm sap (palm toddy) contaminated by bat excreta, eating fruits partially consumed by bats, and using water from wells infested by bats. Bats are known to drink toddy that is collected in open containers, and occasionally urinate in it, which contaminates it with the<unk> ; switching to closed-top containers prevents transmission via this route. Outbreaks can be reduced by surveillance and awareness. The association of this disease with the reproductive cycle of bats is not well studied. Standard infection control practices can protect against human-to-human nosocomial infections. A subunit vaccine using the Hendra G protein was found to produce cross-protective antibodies against both henipavirus and<unk><unk> ; this has been used in monkeys to protect against Hendra<unk> , although its potential for use in humans has not been studied.
Nipah virus infection
Adenovirus infection
Living with COVID-19
Epstein–Barr virus infection
Spanish flu
Hong Kong flu
Marburg virus disease
Swine influenza