One major limitation of<unk>  is that prior information about the target sequence is necessary in order to generate the primers that will allow its selective amplification. This means that, typically,<unk>  users must know the precise sequence(s) upstream of the target region on each of the two single-stranded templates in order to ensure that the DNA<unk>  properly binds to the primer-template hybrids and subsequently generates the entire target region during DNA synthesis. Like all enzymes, DNA<unk> s are also prone to error, which in turn causes mutations in the<unk>  fragments that are generated. Another limitation of<unk>  is that even the smallest amount of contaminating DNA can be amplified, resulting in misleading or ambiguous results. To minimize the<unk> ce of contamination, investigators should reserve separate rooms for reagent preparation, the<unk> , and analysis of product. Reagents should be dispensed into single-use aliquots. Pipettors with disposable plungers and extra-long pipette tips should be routinely used. It is moreover recommended to ensure that the lab set-up follows a unidirectional workflow. No materials or reagents used in the<unk>  and analysis rooms should ever be taken into the<unk>  preparation room without thorough decontamination. Environmental samples that contain humic acids may inhibit<unk>  amplification and lead to inaccurate results.
Polymerase chain reaction
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
Reverse complement polymerase chain reaction
Fluorescence in situ hybridization
Ink blot test
Immunoassay
Broth microdilution
Magnetic immunoassay