Persons with<unk>  will need to consume enough fluids to equal the amount of urine produced. Any underlying cause such as high blood calcium must be corrected to treat<unk> . The first line of treatment is hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride. Patients may also consider a low-salt and low-protein diet. Thiazide diuretics are used in treatment because<unk>  insipidus causes the excretion of more water than sodium (i.e., dilute urine). This condition results in a net concentrating effect on the serum (increasing its osmolarity). By using thiazide diuretics, both water along with sodium and chloride is excreted, thus maintaining the blood osmolarity constant (even if blood volume is reduced). As a result, excessive polydipsia and accompanying polyuria is prevented. High serum osmolarity stimulates polydipsia in an attempt to dilute the serum back to normal and provide free water for excreting the excess serum solutes. However, since the patient is unable to concentrate urine to excrete the excess solutes, the resulting urine fails to decrease serum osmolarity and the cycle repeats itself, hence polyuria.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Central diabetes insipidus
Diabetes insipidus
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
Vasoplegic syndrome
Primary polydipsia
Diurnal enuresis
Adrenal crisis