Ecotoxicity assay for microplastics in Daphnia magna<unk>  is the study of the effects of toxic chemicals on biological organisms, especially at the population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels.<unk>  is a multidisciplinary field, which integrates toxicology and ecology. The ultimate goal of<unk>  is to reveal and predict the effects of pollution within the context of all other environmental factors. Based on this knowledge the most efficient and effective action to prevent or remediate any detrimental effect can be identified. In those ecosystems that are already affected by pollution,<unk> cal studies can inform the choice of action to restore ecosystem services, structures, and functions efficiently and effectively.<unk>  differs from environmental toxicology in that it integrates the effects of stressors across all levels of biological organisation from the molecular to whole communities and ecosystems, whereas environmental toxicology includes toxicity to humans and often focuses upon effects at the organism level and below.
Ecotoxicology
Safety pharmacology
Bioanalysis
Environmental epidemiology
Animal testing
Clinical ecology
Nanotoxicology
Chemical nomenclature