Only ten cases of<unk>  have been documented, out of a total of at least eighty known cases of<unk>  in general. Only four cases have been documented by modern medicine to have survived birth: *An earlier case was the so-called "Two-Headed Boy of Bengal", who was born in 1783 and died of a cobra bite in 1787. His skull remains in the collection of the Hunterian Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of London. *On December 10, 2003, Rebeca Martínez was born in the Dominican Republic with this rare condition. She was the first baby born with the condition to undergo an operation to remove the second head. She died on February 7, 2004, after an 11-hour operation. *On March 30, 2004, Manar Maged was born with the rare condition. On February 19, 2005, 10-month-old Manar underwent a successful 13-hour surgery in Egypt. The underdeveloped conjoined twin, Islaam, was attached to Manar's head and was facing upward. Islaam could blink and even smile, but doctors determined she had to be removed, and that she could not survive on her own. Manar was featured on an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show and in the British documentary series Body Shock. Manar died on March 26, 2006, fourteen months after the surgery, just days before her second birthday, due to a severe infection in her brain. * On January 20, 2021, a baby was born with two heads, at the Elias Hospital in Bucharest, Romania, but died some hours after it was born.
Craniopagus parasiticus
Gnathostoma spinigerum
Ancylostoma tubaeforme
Gongylonema pulchrum
Echinostoma revolutum
Dracunculus medinensis
Fannyhessea vaginae
Brachyspira pilosicoli