Hand care For hand care they are designed to protect against the harm from detergents and other irritants. To help prevent the spread of pathogens, health care providers are required to wash their hands frequently. Frequent hand washing can result in chronic damage termed irritant contact dermatitis which includes dryness, irritation, itching, and more seriously, cracking and bleeding. Irritant contact dermatitis is very common among nurses, ranging from 25% to 55%, with as many as 85% relating a history of having skin problems. The World Health Organization has considered the use of<unk> s and has found their efficacy to be "equivocal" and too expensive to be considered in health-care settings where resources are limited. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found "Two recent randomized, controlled trials that evaluated the skin condition of caregivers demonstrated that<unk> s did not yield better results than did the control lotion or vehicle used. As a result, whether<unk> s are effective in preventing irritant contact dermatitis among health-care workers remains unknown." Diaper rash The Great Ormond Street Hospital Manual of Children's Nursing Practices 2012 book found that "disposable nappies are effective in drawing fluid away from the skin and can be changed less frequently in the absence of stools, making regular application of<unk> s unnecessary in most children." Work related<unk> s have been used in industry to protect workers' skin from the contaminants encountered in occupations such as nurses, hairdressers, employees in the food processing industry, cleaners, metal workers, printers, bricklayers etc. A 2018 Cochrane review concluded that the use of moisturizers alone or in combination with<unk> s may result in important protective effects for the prevention of Occupational Irritant Hand Dermatitis (OIHD)<unk> s can be applied before exposure to potential irritants, but are not typically used as the main protection against hazardous substances. They are a poor substitute for protective clothing for workers; in particular, gloves provide greater protection. However<unk> s are reasonably effective for protection of the face against some airborne substances. Active<unk> s containing silicone, tartaric acid, glycerin, and other ingredients are said to be beneficial for some chromate-sensitive construction workers. Effectiveness The efficacy of<unk> s is controversial. They have not been demonstrated to be useful in preventing hand eczema. According to the National Safety Council, "shielding lotions can keep the skin from drying out".
Barrier cream
Topical medication
Sunscreen
Dermal adhesive
Topical steroid
Natural skin care
Whitfield's ointment
Insect repellent