<unk>  (also known as hepatic<unk> , primary hepatic<unk> , or primary hepatic malignancy) is<unk>  that starts in the liver.<unk>  can be primary (starts in liver) or secondary (meaning<unk>  which has spread from elsewhere to the liver, known as liver metastasis). Liver metastasis is more common than that which starts in the liver.<unk>  is increasing globally. Primary<unk>  is globally the sixth-most frequent<unk>  and the fourth-leading cause of death from<unk> . In 2018, it occurred in 841,000 people and resulted in 782,000 deaths globally. Higher rates of<unk>  occur where hepatitis B and C are common, including Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Males are more often affected with HCC than females. Diagnosis is most frequent among those 55 to 65 years old. The leading cause of<unk>  is cirrhosis due to hepatitis B, hepatitis C or alcohol. Other causes include aflatoxin, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver flukes. The most common types are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which makes up 80% of cases and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The diagnosis may be supported by blood tests and medical imaging, with confirmation by tissue biopsy. Given that there are many different causes of<unk> , there are many approaches to<unk>  prevention. These efforts include immunization against hepatitis B, hepatitis B treatment, hepatitis C treatment, decreasing alcohol use, decreasing exposure to aflatoxin in agriculture, and management of obesity and diabetes. Screening is recommended in those with chronic liver disease. For example, it is recommended that people with chronic liver disease who are at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma be screened every 6 months using ultrasound imaging. Because<unk>  is an umbrella term for many types of<unk> , the signs and symptoms depend on what type of<unk>  is present. Symptoms can be vague and broad. Cholangiocarcinoma is associated with sweating, jaundice, abdominal pain, weight loss and liver enlargement. Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with abdominal mass, abdominal pain, emesis, anemia, back pain, jaundice, itching, weight loss and fever. Treatment options may include surgery, targeted therapy and radiation therapy. In certain cases, ablation therapy, embolization therapy or liver transplantation may be used.
Liver cancer
Liver tumor
Gallbladder cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Kidney cancer
Hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Liver abscess