X-ray and CT of ground glass opacities and pneumothorax in pneumocystis pneumonia Diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia is by identifying the organism from a sample of sputum, fluid from affected lungs or a biopsy. A chest X-ray of affected lungs show widespread shadowing in both lungs, with a "bat-wing" pattern and ground glass appearance. Giemsa or silver stains can be used to identify the organism, as well as direct immunofluorescence of infected cells. Diagnosis in the eye involves fundoscopy. A biopsy of the retina and choroid layer may be performed. In affected liver, biopsy shows focal areas of necrosis and sinusoidal widening. H&E staining show extracellular frothy pink material. Typical cysts with a solid dark dot can be seen using a Grocott silver stain. Differential diagnosis<unk>  may appear similar to pulmonary embolism or adult respiratory distress syndrome. Other infections can present similarly such as tuberculosis, Legionella, and severe flu.
Pneumocystosis
Alveolar hydatid disease
Emmonsiosis
Rhinitis medicamentosa
Lung abscess
Bronchorrhea
Bronchitis kettle
Vaginitis emphysematosa