<unk>  is usually administered to reverse the large dose of heparin administered during certain surgeries, especially heart surgery where anti-coagulation is necessary to prevent clot formation within the cardiopulmonary bypass pump apparatus. A dose of<unk>  is given, by drip administered over several minutes, once the patient is off-pump, when extracorporeal circulation and anticoagulation are no longer needed. It is also used in gene transfer, protein purification and in tissue cultures as a crosslinker for viral transduction. In gene therapy,<unk>  has been studied as a means to increase transduction rates by both viral and nonviral-mediated delivery mechanisms (e.g. utilizing cationic liposomes).<unk>  is used in insulin aspart<unk>  and NPH insulin. Dosage Dosage for heparin reversal is 0.5mg to 1.0 mg mg<unk>  IV for every 100 IU of active heparin. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) should be monitored at 5 to 15 minutes after dose then in 2–8 hours afterward.
Protamine sulfate
Platelet-rich plasma
Aminocaproic acid
Fresh frozen plasma
Apetamin
Prothrombin complex concentrate
Cryoprecipitate
Pentoxyverine