Neuropathy, peripheral artery disease, and trauma contribute individually and in combination to the pathophysiology of<unk> s. Neuropathy Diabetes causes a symmetric polyneuropathy that may affect motor and sensory neurons. Intrinsic atrophy of<unk>  and ankle muscles leads to anatomic changes of the<unk>  arch, most commonly depressing the metatarsal heads and creating high pressure zones. In combination with decreased sensation in the lower extremities, repetitive trauma from walking can lead to ulceration. Poor<unk>  care, including lack of moisturizing and frequent self-examination of the feet can exacerbate this. Peripheral artery disease Metabolic changes in diabetes, including hyperglycemia, lead to increased likelihood of -hyperlipidemia and developing atherosclerosis. In diabetes, this atherosclerosis is preferentially distributed to the posterior and anterior tibial arteries, decreasing perfusion to the lower extremities. This may lead to loss of skin integrity, ischemic ulcers, and gangrene.<unk>  may vary in the depth of tissue to which the it extends.<unk><unk> s range from the most superficial, cellulitis, to deeper soft tissue necrotizing fasciitis, which may necessitate limb amputations or become life-threatening.<unk> s may also extend to bone, termed osteomyelitis.<unk> s are commonly polymicrobial and involve antibiotic-resistant strains of organisms e.g. MRSA.
Diabetic foot infection
Diabetic foot ulcer
Diabetic sock
Ankle flare
Acute limb ischaemia
Fasciitis
Chronic venous insufficiency
Ischemic fasciitis