Typhlitis is a medical emergency and requires prompt management. Untreated typhlitis has a poor prognosis, particularly if associated with pneumatosis intestinalis (air in the bowel wall) and/or bowel perforation, and has significant morbidity unless promptly recognized and aggressively treated. Successful treatment hinges on: # Early diagnosis provided by a high index of suspicion and the use of CT scanning # Nonoperative treatment for uncomplicated cases # Empiric antibiotics, particularly if the patient is<unk>  or at other risk of infection. In rare cases of prolonged<unk>  and complications such as bowel perforation, neutrophil transfusions can be considered but have not been studied in a randomized control trial. Elective right hemicolectomy may be used to prevent recurrence but is generally not recommended "...The authors have found nonoperative treatment highly effective in patients who do not manifest signs of peritonitis, perforation, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, or clinical deterioration. Recurrent typhlitis was frequent after conservative therapy (recurrence rate, 67 percent), however," as based on studies from the 1980s
Neutropenic enterocolitis
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome
Clostridial necrotizing enteritis
Vesicointestinal fistula
Meconium peritonitis
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea
Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome