<unk>  , also known as thoracocentesis (from Greek thōrax 'chest, thorax'—GEN thōrakos—and kentēsis 'pricking, puncture'), pleural tap, needle thoracostomy, or needle decompression (often used term) is an invasive medical procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. A cannula, or hollow needle, is carefully introduced into the thorax, generally after administration of local anesthesia. The procedure was first performed by Morrill Wyman in 1850 and then described by Henry Ingersoll Bowditch in 1852. The recommended location varies depending upon the source. Some sources recommend the midaxillary line, in the eighth, ninth, or tenth intercostal space. Whenever possible, the procedure should be performed under ultrasound guidance, which has shown to reduce complications. Tension pneumothorax is a medical emergency that requires emergent needle decompression before a chest tube is placed.
Thoracentesis
Thoracotomy
Thoracostomy
Pleurodesis
Thoracoscopy
Paracentesis
Pneumonectomy
Pulmonary tractotomy