<unk>  hypertension Increased blood pressure in the<unk> , called<unk>  hypertension, is a major complication of liver disease, most commonly cirrhosis. A dilated<unk>  (diameter of greater than 13 or 15 mm) is a sign of<unk>  hypertension, with a sensitivity estimated at 12.5% or 40%. On Doppler ultrasonography, the main<unk>  (MPV) peak systolic velocity normally ranges between 20 cm/s and 40 cm/s. A slow velocity of <16 cm/s in addition to dilatation in the MPV are diagnostic of<unk>  hypertension. Clinical signs of<unk>  hypertension include those of chronic liver disease: ascites, esophageal varices, spider nevi, caput medusae, and palmar erythema. Pulsatility Doppler ultrasonography of the<unk>  over 5 seconds, showing peaks of maximal velocity, as well as points of minimal velocity.<unk>  pulsatility can be measured by Doppler ultrasonography. An increased pulsatility may be caused by cirrhosis, as well as increased right atrial pressure (which in turn may be caused by right heart failure or tricuspid regurgitation).<unk>  pulsatility can be quantified by pulsatility indices (PI), where an index above a certain cutoff indicates pathology: +Pulsatility indices (PI) Index Calculation Cutoff Average-based (Max - Min) / Average 0.5 Max-based (Max - Min) / Max 0.5 - 0.54 Infection Pylephlebitis is infection of the<unk> , usually arising from an infectious intra-abdominal process such as diverticulitis.<unk> ous gas Hepatic<unk> ous gas is a rare finding on radiological exams. Gas is shown to enter the<unk> ous system. It is most commonly caused by intestinal ischemia but has also been associated with colon cancer.
Portal vein
Lottery
Preureteric vena cava
Common bile duct
Necklace of Venus
Abbott's artery
Caliber persistent artery
Internal carotid artery