The diagnostic criteria for<unk><unk>  of COPD generally include a production of sputum that is purulent and may be thicker than usual, but without evidence of pneumonia (which involves mainly the alveoli rather than the bronchi). Also, diagnostic criteria may include an increase in frequency and severity of coughing, as well as increased shortness of breath. A chest X-ray is usually performed on people with fever and, especially, hemoptysis (blood in the sputum), to rule out pneumonia and get information on the severity of the<unk> . Hemoptysis may also indicate other, potentially fatal, medical conditions. A history of exposure to potential causes and evaluation of symptoms may help in revealing the cause the<unk> , which helps in choosing the best treatment. A sputum culture can specify which strain is causing a bacterial AECB. An early morning sample is preferred. E-nose showed the ability to smell the cause of the<unk> . The definition of a COPD<unk>  is commonly described as "lost in translation," meaning that there is no universally accepted standard with regard to defining an<unk><unk>  of COPD. Many organizations consider it a priority to create such a standard, as it would be a major step forward in the diagnosis and quality of treatment of COPD.
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Acute severe asthma
Acute decompensated heart failure
Swimming-induced pulmonary edema
Occult pneumonia
Acute chest syndrome
Acute interstitial pneumonitis
Vaping-associated pulmonary injury