<unk>  is an infectious disease caused by a Gram-negative bacterium called Burkholderia pseudomallei. Most people infected with B. pseudomallei experience no symptoms, but those who do experience symptoms have signs and symptoms that range from mild, such as fever, skin changes, pneumonia, and abscesses, to severe with inflammation of the brain, inflammation of the joints, and dangerously low blood pressure that causes death. About 10% of people with<unk>  develop symptoms that last longer than two months, termed "chronic<unk> ". Humans are infected with B. pseudomallei by contact with polluted water. The bacteria enter the body through wounds, inhalation, or ingestion. Person-to-person or animal-to-human transmission is extremely rare. The infection is constantly present in Southeast Asia, particularly in northeast Thailand and northern Australia. In developed countries, such as in Europe and the United States, cases of<unk>  are generally imported from countries where<unk>  is more common. The signs and symptoms of<unk>  resemble tuberculosis and misdiagnosis is common. Diagnosis is usually confirmed by the growth of B. pseudomallei from an infected person's blood or other bodily fluid. Those with<unk>  are treated first with an "intensive phase" course of intravenous antibiotics (most commonly ceftazidime) followed by a several-month treatment course of co-trimoxazole. Even if properly treated, around 10% of people with<unk>  die from it. If improperly treated, the death rate could reach 40%. Efforts to prevent<unk>  include wearing protective gear while handling contaminated water, practising hand hygiene, drinking boiled water, and avoiding direct contact with soil, water, or heavy rain. The antibiotic co-trimoxazole is used as a preventive only for individuals at high risk for getting<unk>  after being exposed to the bacteria. No vaccine for<unk>  has been approved. Roughly 165,000 people are infected by<unk>  per year, resulting in about 89,000 deaths. Diabetes is a major risk factor for<unk> ; over half of<unk>  cases are in people with diabetes. Increased rainfall is associated with increased number of<unk>  cases in endemic areas. It was first described by Alfred Whitmore in 1912 in present-day Myanmar.
Melioidosis
Sarcoidosis
Tuberculosis
Gamasoidosis
Amyloidosis
Miliary tuberculosis
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis