Compared to the pathophysiology of celiac disease, the pathophysiology of NCGS is far less understood. A literature review of 2014 found that people suffering from NCGS "are a heterogeneous group, composed of several subgroups, each characterized by different pathogenesis and clinical history, and, probably, clinical course". Genetics Celiac disease (CD) and NCGS are closely linked with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes, HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8, located on chromosome 6p21. Nearly all CD people are HLA-DQ2/HLA-DQ8 positive, with 95% HLA-DQ2 and the rest usually HLA-DQ8 (which is carried by 30% of Caucasians). However, the specificity of HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 for CD is low, with estimates ranging from 36% to 53%. In persons with NCGS, the HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 alleles are present in only about 50%, which is still a greater proportion than in the general population.
Gluten-related disorders
Glycogen storage disease
Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism
Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome
Sandhoff disease
Protein poisoning
Glycine encephalopathy
Gangliosidosis