With the exception of a few case reports describing survival without surgery, the mortality of untreated Boerhaave syndrome is nearly 100%. Its treatment includes immediate antibiotic therapy to prevent mediastinitis and sepsis, surgical repair of the perforation, and if there is significant fluid loss it should be replaced with IV fluid therapy since oral rehydration is not possible. Even with early surgical intervention (within 24 hours) the risk of death is 25%.
Esophageal rupture
Acute esophageal necrosis
Esophageal stricture
Urinothorax
Chylothorax
Hemothorax
Esophageal spasm
Pulmonary hematoma