Both<unk>  and<unk><unk>  are characterized as psychiatric<unk> s in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental<unk> s fifth edition (DSM-5).<unk>  is a primary psychotic<unk> , and<unk><unk>  is a primary mood<unk>  but can also involve psychosis. However, because of some similar symptoms, differentiating between the two can sometimes be difficult; indeed, there is an intermediate diagnosis termed schizoaffective<unk> . While reported and observed symptoms are a main way to diagnose either<unk> , studies in the 21st century have allowed psychiatrists to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to try to find better, definite markers. Through MRIs, psychiatrists can see specific structural differences in the brains of people with<unk> . These differences include volume of gray matter, neuropathological size differences variations and cortical thickness, which are associated with cognitive differences on tests. These differences may sometimes be seen throughout the lifespan of the diseases and often occur soon after the initial episode. Although the diseases are different, some of their treatments are similar, because of some shared symptoms.
Comparison of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
Treatments for PTSD
Prognosis of schizophrenia
Animal model of schizophrenia
Clinical descriptions of chronic fatigue syndrome
Epidemiology of attention deficit hyperactive disorder
Self-injury Awareness Day
Evolutionary approaches to depression