Most cases of LKS do not have a known cause. Occasionally, the condition may be induced secondary to other diagnoses, such as low-grade brain tumors, closed-head injuries, Neurocysticercosis, and Demyelinating Disease. Central Nervous System vasculitis may be associated with this condition as well.
Landau–Kleffner syndrome
Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome
Letterer–Siwe disease
Kapur–Toriello syndrome
Klüver–Bucy syndrome
Smith–Magenis syndrome
Pelger–Huët anomaly
Schinzel–Giedion syndrome