<unk>  <unk> TN or<unk> T), also known as<unk> igh blood pressure <unk> BP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.<unk> igh blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms. Long-term<unk> igh blood pressure,<unk> owever, is a major risk factor for stroke, coronary artery disease,<unk> eart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral arterial disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia.<unk> igh blood pressure is classified as primary (essential)<unk>  or secondary<unk> . About 90–95% of cases are primary, defined as<unk> igh blood pressure due to nonspecific lifestyle and genetic factors. Lifestyle factors that increase the risk include excess salt in the diet, excess body weight, smoking, and alcohol use. The remaining 5–10% of cases are categorized as secondary<unk> igh blood pressure, defined as<unk> igh blood pressure due to an identifiable cause, such as chronic kidney disease, narrowing of the kidney arteries, an endocrine disorder, or the use of birth control pills. Blood pressure is classified by two measurements, the systolic and diastolic pressures, which are the maximum and minimum pressures, respectively. For most adults, normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100–130 millimeters mercury (mmHg) systolic and 60–80 mmHg diastolic. For most adults,<unk> igh blood pressure is present if the resting blood pressure is persistently at or above 130/80 or 140/90 mmHg. Different numbers apply to children. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring over a 24-hour period appears more accurate than office-based blood pressure measurement. Lifestyle changes and medications can lower blood pressure and decrease the risk of<unk> ealth complications. Lifestyle changes include weight loss, physical exercise, decreased salt intake, reducing alcohol intake, and a<unk> ealthy diet. If lifestyle changes are not sufficient, then blood pressure medications are used. Up to three medications taken concurrently can control blood pressure in 90% of people. The treatment of moderately<unk> igh arterial blood pressure (defined as >160/100 mmHg) with medications is associated with an improved life expectancy. The effect of treatment of blood pressure between 130/80 mmHg and 160/100 mmHg is less clear, with some reviews finding benefit and others finding unclear benefit.<unk> igh blood pressure affects between 16 and 37% of the population globally. In 2010<unk>  was believed to<unk> ave been a factor in 18% of all deaths (9.4 million globally). script)
Hypertension
Obesity
Prehypertension
Diabetes
Body mass index
Abdominal obesity
Smoking
Exercise