Overall incidence of<unk>  increases with age with 1 in 1000 in adults over 45 years old and 1 in 600 cardiac patients over 65 years old.<unk>  is the primary indication for approximately 30%-50% of all pacemaker implantation in the United States.<unk>  is a relatively uncommon syndrome in the young and middle-aged population.
Sinus node dysfunction
Pacemaker crosstalk
Cardiac fibrosis
Primary tumors of the heart
Ventricular dyssynchrony
Coronary vasospasm
Ectopic pacemaker
Ventricular remodeling