Elevation in ferritin concentration without elevation in transferrin saturation does not rule out an iron<unk>  disorder. This combination can be observed in loss-of-function ferroportin mutation and in aceruloplasminemia. Elevated level of ferritin concentration can be observed in acute or chronic inflammatory process without pathologic iron<unk> . + Measurement of iron status Characteristic Normal range Unit Ferritin-male 12 - 300 ng/mL Ferritin-female 12 - 150 ng/mL Transferrin saturation-male 10 - 50 % Transferrin saturation-female 15 - 50 % Ferritin level above 200 ng/mL (449 pmol/L) in women or 300 ng/mL (674 pmol/L) in men who have no signs of inflammatory disease need additional testing. Transferrin saturation above normal range in male and female also need additional testing. Chemical evidence of tissue vitamin C deficiency and mild to moderate liver dysfunction are likely to be seen in individuals with<unk> . Elevation in Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase can be used as a marker for abnormalities in liver function. + Measurement of iron-related features Characteristic Normal range Unit Vitamin C 0.2 - 2 11 - 114 mg/dL µmol/L Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in male 0.92 U/l μkat/l Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in female 0.63 U/l μkat/l The severity of iron<unk>  can be determined and monitored using a combination of tests. Measurement of serum ferritin indicates for total body iron<unk> . Liver biopsy measures the iron concentration of liver. It provides the microscopic examination of the liver. Measurement of serum hepcidin levels may be useful in diagnostic for iron<unk> . MRI can detect the degree of magnetic disruption due to iron accumulation. MRI can measure iron accumulation within the heart, liver, and pituitary. Accumulation of iron in a single organ does not provide proper representation of the total body iron<unk> . It is important to use both the imaging techniques and serum ferritin level as indicators to start the therapy of iron<unk> . Serum level and the imaging techniques can be used as markers for treatment progress.
African iron overload
Iron poisoning
Thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome
Zinc toxicity
Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts
Pseudoporphyria
Pernicious anemia
Hereditary haemochromatosis