In some forms of<unk> , standard treatment is appropriate, though exceptions occur: * In<unk> 2, oral agents are relatively ineffective, however most patients are managed conservatively through diet and exercise. * In<unk> 1 and<unk> 3, sulfonylureas are usually very effective, delaying the need for insulin treatment. * Sulfonylureas are effective in the KATP channel forms of neonatal-onset diabetes. The mouse model of<unk>  diabetes suggested that the reduced clearance of sulfonylureas stands behind their therapeutic success in human<unk>  patients, but Urbanova et al. found that human<unk>  patients respond differently to the mouse model and that there was no consistent decrease in the clearance of sulfonylureas in randomly selected HNF1A-MODY and HNF4A-MODY patients. Chronic hyperglycemia due to any cause can eventually cause blood vessel damage and the microvascular complications of diabetes. The principal treatment goals for people with<unk>  — keeping the blood sugars as close to normal as possible ("good glycemic control"), while minimizing other vascular risk factors — are the same for all known forms of diabetes. The tools for management are similar for all forms of diabetes: blood testing, changes in diet, physical exercise, oral hypoglycemic agents, and insulin injections. In many cases these goals can be achieved more easily with<unk>  than with ordinary types 1 and 2 diabetes. Some people with<unk>  may require insulin injections to achieve the same glycemic control that another person may attain with careful eating or an oral medication. When oral hypoglycemic agents are used in<unk> , the sulfonylureas remain the oral medication of first resort. When compared to patients with type 2 diabetes,<unk>  patients are often more sensitive to sulphonylureas, such that a lower dose should be used to initiate treatment to avoid hypoglycaemia. Patients with<unk>  less often suffer from obesity and insulin resistance than those with ordinary type 2 diabetes (for whom insulin sensitizers like metformin or the thiazolidinediones are often preferred over the sulfonylureas).
Maturity onset diabetes of the young
Ketosis-prone diabetes
Leucine-sensitive hypoglycemia of infancy
Cystic fibrosis–related diabetes
Lipoatrophic diabetes
Diet in diabetes
Kosaki overgrowth syndrome
Idiopathic hypoglycemia