Louse-borne<unk>  Along with Rickettsia prowazekii and Bartonella quintana, Borrelia recurrentis is one of three pathogens of which the body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus) is a vector. Louse-borne<unk>  is more severe than the tick-borne variety. Louse-borne<unk>  occurs in epidemics amid poor living conditions, famine and war in the developing world. It is currently prevalent in Ethiopia and Sudan. Mortality rate is 1% with treatment and 30–70% without treatment. Poor prognostic signs include severe jaundice, severe change in mental status, severe bleeding and a prolonged QT interval on ECG. Lice that feed on infected humans acquire the Borrelia organisms that then multiply in the gut of the louse. When an infected louse feeds on an uninfected human, the organism gains access when the victim crushes the louse or scratches the area where the louse is feeding. B. recurrentis infects the person via mucous membranes and then invades the bloodstream. No non-human, animal reservoir exists. Tick-borne<unk>  Tick-borne<unk>  is found primarily in Africa, Spain, Saudi Arabia, Asia, and certain areas of Canada and the western United States. Other<unk>  infections are acquired from other Borrelia species, which can be spread from rodents, and serve as a reservoir for the infection, by a tick vector. * Borrelia crocidurae – occurs in Egypt, Mali, Senegal, Tunisia; vectors – Carios erraticus, Ornithodoros sonrai; animal host – shrew (Crocidura stampflii) * Borrelia duttoni, transmitted by the soft-bodied African tick Ornithodoros moubata, is responsible for the<unk>  found in central, eastern, and southern Africa. * Borrelia hermsii * Borrelia hispanica * Borrelia miyamotoi * Borrelia parkeri * Borrelia turicatae * Borrelia persica B. hermsii and B. recurrentis cause very similar diseases. However, one or two relapses are common with the disease associated with B. hermsii, which is also the most common cause of<unk>  disease in the United States. (Three or four relapses are common with the disease caused by B. recurrentis, which has longer febrile and afebrile intervals and a longer incubation period than B. hermsii.)
Relapsing fever
Tomato fever
Far East scarlet-like fever
Haverhill fever
Pontiac fever
Boutonneuse fever
Spotted fever
Cat Scratch Fever