<unk>  (MAIHA) is a type of autoimmune<unk>  anemia which combines the features of cold sensitive antibody-induced diseases and warm autoimmune<unk>  anemia. The work-up for diagnosis is complex and the condition can be over-diagnosed. People diagnosed with warm autoimmune<unk>  anemia (WAIHA) caused by immunoglobulin G (IgG) may also have a high number of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies. These antibodies are active at room temperature, but are believed to be harmless since they are not the main antibodies responsible for WAIHA. However, studies revealed the existence of a few cases of WAIHA that may also carry cold agglutinin antibodies that are active at the environment where the temperatures is generally equal to or warmer than 30 °C (86 °F). Such coexistence suggests a diagnosis of the<unk>  (warm- and cold-antibody) autoimmune<unk>  anemia abbreviated as MAIHA.<unk>  warm and cold AIHA runs a chronic course with severe intermittent exacerbations, such as serious anemia, and is treated by blood transfusion. Successful therapeutic options for the treatment of hemolysis associated with<unk>  AIHA are limited but increasing. In the past, there were two obvious sources of error regarding the diagnosis of AIHA. First, patients with w-AIHA can produce low-titer, low-thermal amplitude CA of no clinical significance. Second, up to 20% of patients with CAD have IgG on the RBC surface in addition to C3d.
Mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Acquired hemolytic anemia
Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Refractory anemia with excess of blasts
Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts
Drug-induced nonautoimmune hemolytic anemia
Congenital hemolytic anemia
Drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia