As of 2017,<unk> s are split into two main categories,<unk>  onset aware, and<unk>  onset impaired awareness. What was previously termed a secondary generalised seizure is now termed a<unk>  to bilateral seizure. In<unk>  onset aware seizures, a small part of one of the lobes may be affected and the person remains conscious. This can often be a precursor to a larger<unk>  onset impaired awareness seizure. When this is the case, the<unk>  aware seizure is usually called an aura. A<unk>  impaired awareness seizure affects a larger part of the hemisphere and the person may lose consciousness. If a<unk>  spreads from one hemisphere to the other side of the brain, this will give rise to a<unk>  to bilateral seizure. The person will become unconscious and may experience a tonic clonic seizure. When people have multiple<unk> s they generally have a condition known as temporal lobe epilepsy. (A generalized seizure is one that involves both sides of the brain from the onset.) Simple partial seizures Simple partial seizures are seizures which affect only a small region of the brain, often the temporal lobes or structures found there, such as the hippocampi. People who have<unk>  aware seizures remain conscious.<unk>  aware seizures often precede larger<unk>  impaired awareness seizures, where the abnormal electrical activity spreads to a larger area of the brain. This can result in a tonic-clonic seizure. Presentation Simple partial seizures are a very subjective experience, and the symptoms vary greatly between people. Since symptoms can be subtle, diagnosis can be delayed by months or years. The symptoms of these seizures can also be misconstrued as auras, especially for epilepsy patients with multiple types of seizure diagnosis. This is due to the varying locations of the brain in which the seizures originate (e.g., Rolandic). A Simple partial seizure may go unnoticed by others or shrugged off by the sufferer as merely a "funny turn."<unk>  aware seizures usually start suddenly and are very brief, typically lasting 60 to 120 seconds. Some common symptoms of a simple partial seizure, when the person is awake, are: * preserved consciousness * sudden and inexplicable feelings of fear, anger, sadness, happiness or nausea * sensations of falling or movement * experiencing of unusual feelings or sensations * altered sense of hearing, smelling, tasting, seeing, and tactile perception (sensory illusions or hallucinations), or feeling as though the environment is not real (derealization) or dissociation from the environment or self (depersonalization) * a sense of spatial distortion—things close by may appear to be at a distance * déjà vu (familiarity) or jamais vu (unfamiliarity) * laboured speech or inability to speak at all * usually the event is remembered in detail When a seizure occurs during sleep, the person will often become semi-conscious and act out a dream they were having while engaging with the real environment as normal. Objects and people usually appear normal or only slightly distorted to them, and will be able to communicate with them on an otherwise normal level. However, since the person is still acting in a dream-like state, they will assimilate any hallucinations or delusions into their communication, often speaking to a hallucinatory person or speaking of events or thoughts pertaining to their dream or a hallucination. While-asleep symptoms include: * onset usually in REM sleep * dream-like state * appearance of full consciousness * hallucinations or delusions * behavior or visions typical in dreams * ability to engage with the environment and other people as in full consciousness, though often behaving abnormally, erratically, or failing to be coherent * complete amnesia or assimilating the memory as though it was a normal dream on regaining full consciousness *dreams of daily life that appear as if they happened in reality, and can cause disorientation upon awakening Although hallucinations may occur during<unk>  aware seizures they are differentiated from psychotic symptoms by the fact that the person is usually aware that the hallucinations are not real. Jacksonian march Jacksonian march or Jacksonian seizure is a phenomenon where a simple partial seizure spreads from the distal part of the limb toward the ipsilateral face (on same side of body). They involve a progression of the location of the seizure in the brain, which leads to a "march" of the motor presentation of symptoms. Jacksonian seizures are initiated with abnormal electrical activity within the primary motor cortex. They are unique in that they travel through the primary motor cortex in succession, affecting the corresponding muscles, often beginning with the fingers. This is felt as a tingling sensation, or a feeling of waves through the fingers when touched together. It then affects the hand and moves on to more proximal areas on the same side of body. Symptoms often associated with a Jacksonian seizure are sudden head and eye movements, tingling, numbness, smacking of the lips, and sudden muscle contractions. Most of the time any one of these actions can be seen as normal movements, without being associated with the seizure occurring. They occur at no particular moment and last only briefly. They may result in secondary generalized seizure involving both hemispheres. They can also start at the feet, manifesting as tingling or pins and needles, and there are painful cramps in the foot muscles, due to the signals from the brain. Because it is a partial seizure, the postictal state is of normal consciousness. Jacksonian seizures are named after their discoverer, John Hughlings Jackson, an English neurologist, whose studies led to the discovery of the seizures' initiation point (in the primary motor cortex) in 1863. Complex partial seizures A complex partial seizure is a seizure that is associated with unilateral cerebral hemisphere involvement and causes impairment of awareness or responsiveness, i.e. alteration of consciousness. Presentation Complex partial seizures are often preceded by an aura. The seizure aura is a<unk>  aware seizure. The aura may manifest itself as a feeling of déjà vu, jamais vu, fear, euphoria or depersonalization. The aura might also occur as a visual disturbance, such as tunnel vision or a change in the perceived size of objects. Once consciousness is impaired, the person may display automatisms, such as lip smacking, chewing or swallowing. There may also be loss of memory (amnesia) surrounding the seizural event. The person may still be able to perform routine tasks such as walking, although such movements are not purposeful or planned. Witnesses may not recognize that anything is wrong. The person may or may not even realize that they experienced a seizure. Complex partial seizures might arise from any lobe of the brain. They most commonly arise from the mesial temporal lobe, particularly the amygdala, hippocampus, and neocortical regions. A common associated brain abnormality is mesial temporal sclerosis. Mesial temporal sclerosis is a specific pattern of hippocampal neuronal loss accompanied by hippocampal gliosis and atrophy. Complex partial seizures occur when excessive and synchronous electrical brain activity causes the impaired awareness and responsiveness. The abnormal electrical activity might spread to the rest of the brain and cause a<unk>  to bilateral seizure or a generalized tonic–clonic seizure. The newer classification of 2017 groups only<unk>  and generalized seizures, and generalized seizures are those that involve both sides of the brain from the onset.
Focal seizure
Absence seizure
Intercalated seizure
Reflex seizure
Gelastic seizure
Atonic seizure
Non-epileptic seizure
Musicogenic seizure