The diagnosis of PT-DLBCL depends on examining the histology, i.e. microscopic anatomy, of<unk> iopsy samples taken from the tumors. Most of these tumors are<unk> , e.g. ~6 centimeters, and show medium- to<unk> -sized lymphoid tumor<unk> -cells that resemble centroblasts<unk> ly infiltrating and effacing the architecture of the involved tissue. Non-malignant T-cell lymphocytes are interspersed with the malignant<unk> -cells and when present in high numbers (i.e. >15% of nucleated cells) may<unk> e indicative of a more favorable prognosis. These neoplastic tumor cells express various<unk> -cell marker proteins including CD19, CD20, CD22, and CD79a. They may also express CD10 (30-60% of cases), IRF4 (35-65% of cases), and nuclear<unk> CL6 (60-90% of cases); ~80% of cases are "double expressers" of the protein products of the MYC and<unk> CL2 genes, cMYC and<unk> cl-2, respectively. They are rapidly proliferating cells as determined<unk> y testing for Ki-67 staining. In at least seventy-five percent of cases, these malignant cells can<unk> e classified as<unk> eing nongerminal center activated<unk> -cell, i.e. ABC, rather than germinal center<unk> -cell, i.e. GBC, variants of<unk><unk> <unk> -cell<unk> , not otherwise specified (see variants of DLBCL, NOS). Fluorescence in situ hybridization, DNA sequencing, and other gene analyses of these cells can<unk> e used to identify the gene-related abnormalities detailed in the above Pathophysiology section. Given the propensity of this tumor to spread<unk> eyond the testes and to relapse at extra-testicular sites (see following section), all patients should<unk> e examined for the stage of their disease. Generally, this staging should include positron emission tomography, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging; lumbar puncture (i.e. spinal tap) with examination of the cerebral spinal fluid obtained from spinal taps for the presence of malignant<unk> -cells; and in cases where these tests are negative,<unk> one marrow examination for the presence of malignant<unk> -cells.
Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Testicular sarcoidosis
Transitional cell carcinoma of the ovary
Renal medullary fibroma
Renal anaplastic sarcoma
Metanephric adenoma
Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma with t