Deaths from<unk> s per million persons in 2012<unk> s resulted in 71,000 deaths globally in 2010. It is unclear how common the condition is in low income countries. Prevalence rates of<unk> s at birth used to be a reliable measure for the actual number of children affected by the diseases. However, due to advances in technology and the ability to diagnose prenatally, the rates at birth are no longer reliable. Measuring the number of cases at birth may be the most practical way, but the most accurate way would be to include stillbirths and live-births. Most studies that calculate prevalence rates only include data from live-births and stillborn children and normally exclude the data from abortions and miscarriages. Abortions are a huge contributing factor to the prevalence rates; one study found that in 1986 only a quarter of the pregnancies with an identified<unk>  were aborted, but that number had already doubled by 1999. Through this data, it's clear that excluding data from abortions could greatly affect the prevalence rates. This could also possibly explain why prevalence rates have appeared to drop. If abortions aren't being included in the data but half of the identified cases are being aborted, the data could show that prevalence rates are dropping when they actually aren't. However, it is unclear how much of an impact these could have on prevalence rates due to the fact that abortion rates and advances in technology vary greatly by country. There are many maternal factors that also play a role in prevalence rates of<unk> s. These factors include things like maternal age and obesity all the way to things like socioeconomic status along with many others. Maternal age hasn't been shown to have a huge impact on prevalence rates, but when there has been a relationship identified, older mothers along with very young mothers are at an increased risk. While maternal age may not have a huge impact, mothers that have a body mass index greater than 29 double the risk of their child having an<unk> . Studies have also shown that mothers with three or more previous children show moderate risk for their next child having an<unk> .
Neural tube defect
Birth defect
Congenital limb deformities
Craniofacial abnormality
Vocal cord dysfunction
Neonatal sepsis
Perinatal asphyxia
Renal hypoplasia