Common indications for<unk>  include acute or chronic urinary retention (which can damage the kidneys), orthopaedic procedures that may limit a patient's movement, the need for accurate monitoring of input and output (such as in an ICU), benign prostatic hyperplasia, incontinence, and the effects of various surgical interventions involving the bladder, prostate or bowel. Intermittent self-catheterization may be indicated in cases of neurogenic bladder due to damage to the spinal cord or brain. This can be performed by the patient four to six times a day, using a clean technique. Nurses use a sterile technique to perform intermittent<unk>  in hospital settings. For patients with neurogenic bladder due to spinal cord injury, intermittent<unk>  (IC) is a standard method for bladder emptying. The technique is safe and effective and results in improved kidney and upper urinary tract status, lessening of vesicoureteral reflux and amelioration of continence. In addition to the clinical benefits, patient quality of life is enhanced by the increased independence and security offered by self-catheterization.
Urinary catheterization
Foley catheter
Ureteric balloon catheter
Cystography
Urinary tract ultrasound
Retrograde urethrogram
Bladder training
Ureteroscopy