Mechanism of action<unk>  inhibits the sodium-potassium ATPase in heart muscle cells, resulting in increased force of contractions (positive inotropic), reduced speed of electric conduction (negative dromotropic), increased excitability (positive bathmotropic), and reduced frequency of heartbeat (negative chronotropic). Pharmacokinetics The drug is almost completely absorbed from the gut. When in the bloodstream, 90 to 97% are bound to plasma proteins.<unk>  undergoes enterohepatic circulation. It is metabolized in part by CYP3A4; metabolites include<unk> enin, digoxin (>2%), and conjugate esters. In healthy people, 60% are eliminated via the kidneys and 40% via the faeces. In people with impaired kidney function, elimination via the faeces is increased. The biological half-life is 7 to 8 days except when kidney and liver functions are impaired, in which case it is usually longer.
Digitoxin
Digoxin
Amiodarone
Carvedilol
Metoprolol
Sotalol
Colestilan
Bisoprolol