<unk> s are small multipolar neurons with short branching dendrites. They are scattered throughout various layers of the cerebral cortex, sending their axons up to the cortical layer I where they form axonal arborization. The arbors transgress multiple columns in layer VI and make contacts with the distal tuft dendrites of pyramidal cells.<unk> s express somatostatin and sometimes calbindin, but not parvalbumin or vasoactive intestinal peptide. Furthermore,<unk> s in layer V have been shown to express the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α2 subunit (Chrna2).<unk> s are associated with a cortical dampening mechanism. When the pyramidal neuron, which is the most common type of neuron in the cortex, starts getting overexcited,<unk> s start sending inhibitory signals to the surrounding neurons. Historically, the discovery of<unk> s has been mistakenly attributed to Giovanni<unk>  1888, although it is now accepted that they were actually discovered in 1889 by Carlo<unk>  (1859–1908), a student of Camillo Golgi.
Martinotti cell
Koniocellular cell
Neurosphere
Pseudounipolar neuron
Magnocellular neurosecretory cell
Sustentacular cell
Granule cell
Anitschkow cell