<unk>  () is an operation performed in the abdomen or pelvis using small incisions (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) with the aid of a camera. The<unk>  aids diagnosis or therapeutic interventions with a few small cuts in the abdomen.<unk> c surgery, also called minimally invasive surgery (MIS), bandaid surgery, or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique. There are a number of advantages to the patient with<unk> c surgery versus an exploratory laparotomy. These include reduced pain due to smaller incisions, reduced hemorrhaging, and shorter recovery time. The key element is the use of a<unk> , a long fiber optic cable system that allows viewing of the affected area by snaking the cable from a more distant, but more easily accessible location.<unk> c surgery includes operations within the abdominal or pelvic cavities, whereas keyhole surgery performed on the thoracic or chest cavity is called thoracoscopic surgery. Specific surgical instruments used in<unk> c surgery include obstetrical forceps, scissors, probes, dissectors, hooks, and retractors.<unk> c and thoracoscopic surgery belong to the broader field of endoscopy. The first<unk> c procedure was performed by German surgeon Georg Kelling in 1901.
Laparoscopy
Frozen section procedure
Rectovaginal examination
Frozen pelvis
Fertiloscope
Hysteroscopy
Vaginoscopy
Hysterosalpingography