<unk>  <unk>  is a malignant, heterogeneous tumor originating from renal tubular epithelial<unk> s of the kidney, which comprises approximately 10-15% of all kidney neoplasms. Based on its morphological features,<unk>  can be classified into two main subtypes, which are type 1 (basophilic) and type 2 (eosinophilic). As with other types of renal<unk>  cancer, most cases of<unk>  are discovered incidentally without showing specific signs or symptoms of cancer. In advanced stages, hematuria, flank pain, and abdominal mass are the three classic manifestation. While a complete list of the causes of<unk>  remains unclear, several risk factors were identified to affect<unk>  development, such as genetic mutations, kidney-related disease, environmental and lifestyle risk factors. For pathogenesis, type 1<unk>  is mainly caused by MET gene mutation while type 2<unk>  is associated with several different genetic pathways. For diagnosis,<unk>  is detectable through computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which commonly present a small homogeneous hyposvascular tumor. Nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy is usually recommended for<unk>  treatment, often accompanied with several targeted molecular therapies to inhibit metastatic spread.<unk>  patients are predominantly male with a mean age of 52–66 years. When compared to conventional clear<unk>  renal<unk><unk>  (RCC), the prognosis of non-metastatic<unk>  is more favorable, whereas a relatively worse outcome was reported in patients with metastatic disease. Globally, the incidence of<unk>  ranges between 3,500 to 5,000 cases, while it greatly varies depending on gender, age, and race/ethnicity.
Papillary renal cell carcinoma
Renal medullary carcinoma
Renal anaplastic sarcoma
Renal medullary fibroma
Renal oncocytoma
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma