<unk> , also known as prenatal<unk> , is the theory that environmental cues experienced during<unk>  development play a seminal role in determining health trajectories across the lifespan. Three main forms of<unk>  that occur due to changes in the maternal environment are: * Changes in development that lead to greater disease risk; * Genetic changes which alter disease risk; * Epigenetic changes which alter disease risk of not only the child but also that of the next generation - i.e. after a famine, grandchildren of women who were pregnant during the famine, are born smaller than the normal size, despite nutritional deficiencies having been fulfilled. These changes in the maternal environmental can be due to nutritional alteration, hormonal fluctuations or exposure to toxins.
Fetal programming
Prenatal development
Maternal effect
Paternal age effect
Fetal resorption
Structural inheritance
Nuclear sexing
Maternal-fetal conflict