<unk> s develop as cells that generate cementum, or cementoblasts uncontrollably proliferate at the apex of a tooth root. Cementoblasts that form the cementum typically cease activity and become cementocytes. However, a layer of cementoblasts lies on the outer layer of the periodontal ligament, in which these cells will resume cementogenic activity upon injury to a tooth. Excessive production of cementum will result in destruction of the periodontal ligament and mandible. Researchers of a 2017 and 2018 case study, have determined pathogenesis to occurs in three stages. The first stage involves periapical osteolysis which is characterized by a noncalcified matrix and formation of a circular radiolucent area near the apex of the affected tooth. The second stage is characterized by active cementoblasts that create radiopaque matter in the center of the lesion. The final stage is characterized by maturation and calcification of the entire lesion in which it is completely radiopaque and surrounded by a radiolucent rim.
Cementoma
Apudoma
Cementoblastoma
Dentigerous cyst
Chorangioma
Nevus of Ota
Rhinoscleroma
Spider angioma