A number of measures have been found to be effective in preventing<unk> , including changing the sleeping position to supine, breastfeeding, limiting soft bedding, immunizing the infant and using pacifiers. The use of electronic monitors has not been found to be useful as a preventative strategy. The effect that fans might have on the risk of<unk>  has not been studied well enough to make any recommendation about them. Evidence regarding swaddling is unclear regarding<unk> . A 2016 review found tentative evidence that swaddling increases the risk of<unk> , especially among babies placed on their bellies or sides while sleeping. Measures not shown to be useful include positioning devices and baby monitors. Companies that sell the monitors do not have FDA approval for them as medical devices. Sleep positioning<unk>  rate from 1988 to 2006 Sleeping on the back has been found to reduce the risk of<unk> . It is thus recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics and promoted as a best practice by the US National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) "Safe to Sleep" campaign. The incidence of<unk>  has fallen in a number of countries in which this recommendation has been widely adopted. Sleeping on the back does not appear to increase the risk of choking, even in those with gastroesophageal reflux disease. While infants in this position may sleep more lightly, this is not harmful. Sharing the same room as the parents but in a different bed may decrease the<unk>  risk by half. Pacifiers The use of pacifiers appears to decrease the risk of<unk> , although the reason is unclear. The American Academy of Pediatrics considers pacifier use to prevent<unk>  to be reasonable. Pacifiers do not appear to affect breastfeeding in the first four months, even though this is a common misconception. Bedding Product safety experts advise against using pillows, overly soft mattresses, sleep positioners, bumper pads (crib bumpers), stuffed animals, or fluffy bedding in the crib, and recommend instead dressing the child warmly and keeping the crib "naked." Blankets or other clothing should not be placed over a baby's head. The use of a "baby sleep bag" or "sleep sack", a soft bag with holes for the baby's arms and head can be used as a type of bedding that warms the baby without covering its head. Vaccination Infants typically receive several vaccinations between the ages of 2 and 4 months, which is also the peak age for<unk> . Due to this coincidence, a number of studies have investigated the possible role of vaccinations as a cause of<unk> . These have found either no relation between vaccinations and<unk> , or a reduction of the risk of<unk>  following vaccination. A 2007 meta-analysis found that vaccinations were associated with a halving of the risk of<unk> , and argued that immunisation should be a part of<unk>  prevention campaigns.
Sudden infant death syndrome
Genetic disorder
Shaken baby syndrome
Infection
Blue baby syndrome
Child abuse
Neonatal meningitis
Infant respiratory distress syndrome