The causes of<unk>  have not been clearly established. Most hypotheses regarding the etiology of<unk>  and postpartum depression center on the intersection of the significant biological and psychosocial changes that occur with childbirth. Psychosocial causes Pregnancy and postpartum are significant life events that increase a woman's vulnerability for<unk> . Even with a planned pregnancy, it is normal to have feelings of doubt or regret, and it takes time to adjust to having a newborn. Feelings commonly reported by new parents and lifestyle changes that may contribute to developing early postpartum mood symptoms include: * Fatigue after labor and delivery * Caring for a newborn that requires 24/7 attention * Sleep deprivation * Lack of support from family and friends * Marital or relationship strain * Changes in home and work routines * Financial stress * Unrealistic expectations of self * Societal or cultural pressure to "bounce back" quickly after pregnancy and childbirth * Overwhelmed and questioning ability to care for baby * Anger, loss, or guilt, especially for parents of premature or sick infants Risk factors Most risk factors studied have not clearly and consistently demonstrated an association with<unk> . These include sociodemographic factors, such as age and marital status, obstetric factors, such as delivery complications or low birth weight. Factors most consistently shown to be predictive of<unk>  are personal and family history of depression. This is of particular interest given of the bidirectional relationship between<unk>  and postpartum depression: a history of postpartum depression appears to be a risk factor for developing<unk> , and<unk>  confers a higher risk of developing subsequent postpartum depression.
Postpartum blues
Postpartum bleeding
Antepartum bleeding
Postpartum chills
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Recurrent miscarriage
Obstetrical bleeding
Early pregnancy bleeding