A<unk>  (TD) is any disturbance in cognition that adversely affects language and<unk>  content, and thereby communication. A variety of<unk> s were said to be characteristic of people with schizophrenia. A content-thought disorder is typically characterized by the experience of multiple delusional fragments. The term<unk>  is often used to refer to a formal<unk> . A formal<unk>  (FTD) is a disruption of the form or structure of<unk> . Formal<unk> , also known as disorganized thinking, results in disorganized speech and is recognized as a major feature of schizophrenia and other psychoses. FTD is also associated with conditions including mood disorders, dementia, mania, and neurological diseases. Disorganized speech leads to an inference of disorganized<unk> s. Types of<unk> s include derailment, pressured speech, poverty of speech, tangentiality, verbigeration, and<unk>  blocking. Formal<unk>  is a disorder of the form of<unk>  rather than of content of<unk>  that covers hallucinations and delusions. FTD, unlike hallucinations and delusions, is an observable, objective sign of psychosis. FTD is a common and core symptom of a psychotic disorder and may be seen as a marker of its severity, and also as a predictor of prognosis. It reflects a cluster of cognitive, linguistic, and affective disturbances that have generated research interest in the fields of cognitive neuroscience, neurolinguistics, and psychiatry. Eugen Bleuler, who named schizophrenia, held that<unk>  was its defining characteristic. However, disturbances of thinking and speech such as clanging or echolalia may be present in Tourette syndrome, or other symptoms as found in delirium. A clinical difference exists between these two groups. Those with psychoses are less likely to show an awareness or concern about the disordered thinking, while those with other disorders do show awareness and concerns about not being able to think straight.
Thought disorder
Sexual relationship disorder
Diving disorders
Emotional dysregulation
Unipolar emotions
Jurosomatic illness
Alexithymia
Automatic behavior