The most common cause of<unk>  is a sporadic, single parathyroid adenoma resulting from a clonal mutation (~97%). Less common are parathyroid hyperplasia (~2.5%), parathyroid carcinoma (malignant tumor), and adenomas in more than one gland (together ~0.5%).Primary<unk>  is also a feature of several familial endocrine disorders: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and type 2A (MEN type 1 and MEN type 2A), and familial<unk> . Genetic associations include: OMIM Name Gene HRPT1 MEN1, HRPT2 HRPT2 HRPT2 HRPT3 unknown at 2p13.3-14 In all cases, the disease is idiopathic, but is thought to involve inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (Menin gene in MEN1), or involve gain of function mutations (RET proto-oncogene MEN 2a). Recently, it was demonstrated that liquidators of the Chernobyl power plant are faced with a substantial risk of<unk> , possibly caused by radioactive strontium isotopes.
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Parathyroid adenoma
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Normophosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis
Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism