Individuals with<unk>  experience a range of signs and symptoms. Some people have no signs and symptoms; others have some or all of the features described below. In addition, each feature of this syndrome may vary from subtle to severe. A characteristic feature of<unk>  is a somewhat flattened facial appearance. This is caused by underdeveloped bones in the middle of the face, including the cheekbones and the bridge of the nose. A particular group of physical features, called the Pierre Robin sequence, is common in children with<unk> . Robin sequence includes a U-shaped or sometimes V-shaped cleft palate (an opening in the roof of the mouth) with a tongue that is too large for the space formed by the small lower jaw. Children with a cleft palate are also prone to ear infections and occasionally swallowing difficulties. Many people with<unk>  are very nearsighted (described as having high myopia) because of the shape of the eye. People with eye involvement are prone to increased pressure within the eye (ocular hypertension) which could lead to glaucoma and tearing or detachment of the light-sensitive retina of the eye (retinal detachment). Cataract may also present as an ocular complication associated with<unk> 's Syndrome. The jelly-like substance within the eye (the vitreous humour) has a distinctive appearance in the types of<unk>  associated with the COL2A1 and COL11A1 genes. As a result, regular appointments to a specialist ophthalmologist are advised. The type of<unk>  associated with the COL11A2 gene does not affect the eye. People with this syndrome have problems that affect things other than the eyes and ears. Arthritis, abnormality to ends of long bones, vertebrae abnormality, curvature of the spine, scoliosis, joint pain, and double jointedness are all problems that can occur in the bones and joints. Physical characteristics of people with<unk>  can include flat cheeks, flat nasal bridge, small upper jaw, pronounced upper lip groove, small lower jaw, and palate abnormalities, these tend to lessen with age and normal growth and palate abnormalities can be treated with routine surgery. Another characteristic of this syndrome is a mild spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia which can cause reduced height. Another sign of<unk>  is mild to severe hearing loss that, for some people, may be progressive (see hearing loss with craniofacial syndromes). The joints of affected children and young adults may be very flexible (hypermobile). Arthritis often appears at an early age and worsens as a person gets older. Learning difficulties not due to a deficit in intelligence can also occur because of hearing and sight impairments if the school is not informed and the student is not assisted within the learning environment.<unk>  is thought to be associated with an increased incidence of mitral valve prolapse of the heart, although no definitive research supports this.
Stickler syndrome
White Sutton syndrome
Hurler syndrome
Avellis syndrome
Sugarman syndrome
Setleis syndrome
Leschke syndrome
Noonan syndrome