Clinically,<unk>  is often assessed by giving patients an<unk>  questionnaire in order to assess their metacognitive knowledge of deficits. However, neither of the existing questionnaires applied in the clinics are designed thoroughly for evaluating the multidimensional nature of this clinical phenomenon; nor are the responses obtained via offline questionnaire capable of revealing the discrepancy of awareness observed from their online task performance. The discrepancy is noticed when patients showed no awareness of their deficits from the offline responses to the questionnaire but demonstrated reluctance or verbal circumlocution when asked to perform an online task. For example, patients with<unk>  for hemiplegia may find excuses not to perform a bimanual task even though they do not admit it is because of their paralyzed arms. A similar situation can happen to patients with<unk>  for cognitive deficits after traumatic brain injury when monitoring their errors during the tasks regarding their memory and attention (online emergent awareness) and when predicting their performance right before the same tasks (online anticipatory awareness). It can also occur among patients with dementia and<unk>  for memory deficit when prompted with dementia-related words, showing possible pre-attentive processing and implicit knowledge of their memory problems. Patients with<unk>  may also overestimate their performance when asked in first-person formed questions but not from a third-person perspective when the questions referring to others. When assessing the causes of<unk>  within stroke patients, CT scans have been used to assess where the greatest amount of damage is found within the various areas of the brain. Stroke patients with mild and severe levels of<unk>  (determined by response to an<unk>  questionnaire) have been linked to lesions within the temporoparietal and thalamic regions, when compared to those who experience moderate<unk> , or none at all. In contrast, after a stroke, people with moderate<unk>  have a higher frequency of lesions involving the basal ganglia, compared to those with mild or severe<unk> .
Anosognosia
Phonagnosia
Integrative agnosia
Apperceptive agnosia
Visuospatial dysgnosia
Social-emotional agnosia
Asomatognosia
Apophlegmatism