Attempts in the last decade to develop surgical treatments based on MRI and CAT scans now receive less attention. These techniques are reserved for the most difficult cases where other therapeutic modalities have failed. The American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons recommends a conservative/non-surgical approach first. Only 20% of patients need to proceed to surgery. Examples of surgical procedures that are used in TMD, some more commonly than others, include arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, menisectomy, disc repositioning, condylotomy or joint replacement. Invasive surgical procedures in TMD may cause symptoms to worsen. Menisectomy, also termed discectomy refers to surgical removal of the articular disc. This is rarely carried out in TMD, it may have some benefits for pain, but<unk>  may persist and overall there it leads to degeneration or remodeling of the TMJ.
Surgery for temporomandibular joint dysfunction
Dental vibration appliance
Dental antibiotic prophylaxis
Migraine surgery
Dental implant
Surgery for the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint
Strabismus surgery
Craniofacial surgery