Spontaneous<unk> s are classified into two main types: cranial<unk> s, and spinal<unk> s. The vast majority of<unk> s are spinal. Cranial<unk> s occur in the head, and in some of these cases, CSF can<unk>  from the nose, or from the ear. Spinal<unk> s occur when one or more holes form in the dura along the spinal cord. Both cranial and spinal spontaneous CSF<unk> s cause neurological symptoms as well as spontaneous intracranial hypotension, diminished volume, and pressure of the cranium. While this symptom can be referred to as intracranial hypotension, the intracranial pressure may be normal, with the underlying issue instead being low CSF volume. For this reason, a SCSFL is referred to as CSF hypovolemia as opposed to CSF hypotension. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension, a subtype of CSF<unk> , refers to lower than normal than CSF volume due to an initially unknown or insidious cause. This differentiates it from CSF<unk> s of known causes such as cranial or spinal trauma, surgery or lumbar puncture or spinal anesthesia (most common cause of CSF<unk> . The International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) Third Edition diagnostic criteria for spontaneous intracranial hypotension includes any headache attributed to low CSF pressure (low CSF opening pressure) or CSF<unk> age (evidence of CSF<unk> age on imaging). Further, the headache must have a temporal relation to the low CSF pressure or<unk> age and the headache cannot be better explained by another ICHD diagnosis. The final criteria is that in the rare cases of spontaneous intracranial hypotension with no headache present, the neurologic symptoms that are present must be attributable to low CSF or explained by the diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hypotension.
Cerebrospinal fluid leak
Pneumocephalus
Brain herniation
Hemicrania continua
Hydrocephalus
Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea
Intraventricular hemorrhage
Epidural hematoma