In those who have<unk> , atheroma rupture is most commonly found 60% when compared to atheroma erosion (30%), thus causes the formation of thrombus which block the<unk>  arteries. Plaque rupture is responsible for 60% in ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) while plaque erosion is responsible for 30% of the STEMI and vice versa for Non ST elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). In plaque rupture, the content of the plaque are lipid rich, collagen poor, with abundant inflammation which is macrophage predominant, and covered with a thin fibrous cap. Meanwhile, in plaque erosion, the plaque is rich with extracellular matrix, proteoglycan, glycoaminoglycan, but without fibrous caps, no inflammatory cells, and no large lipid core. After the<unk>  arteries are unblocked, there is a risk of reperfusion injury due spreading inflammatory mediators throughout the body. Investigations is still underway on the role of Cyclophilin D in reducing the reperfusion injury. Other causes of<unk>  include spontaneous<unk>  artery dissection and myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive<unk>  artery disease (MINOCA), however these are far less common.
Acute coronary syndrome
Costochondritis
Acute chest syndrome
Bornholm disease
Wooden chest syndrome
Digoxin toxicity
Acute pericarditis
Unstable angina