Some people have a history of exposure to chemotherapy (especially alkylating agents such as melphalan, cyclophosphamide, busulfan, and chlorambucil) or radiation (therapeutic or accidental), or both (e.g., at the time of stem cell transplantation for another disease). Workers in some industries with heavy exposure to hydrocarbons such as the petroleum industry have a slightly higher risk of contracting the disease than the general population. Xylene and benzene exposures have been associated with myelodysplasia. Vietnam veterans exposed to Agent Orange are at risk of developing<unk> . A link may exist between the development of<unk>  "in atomic-bomb survivors 40 to 60 years after radiation exposure" (in this case, referring to people who were in close proximity to the dropping of the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II). Children with Down<unk>  are susceptible to<unk> , and a family history may indicate a hereditary form of sideroblastic anemia or Fanconi anemia.
Myelodysplastic syndrome
Primary myelofibrosis
Acute myeloid leukemia
Myeloid leukemia
Autoimmune neutropenia
Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia
Childhood leukemia
B-cell leukemia