For imaging of the<unk><unk>  it may involve: * Assessment of the<unk><unk>  for abnormalities such as blockage or narrowing, the presence of kidney stones, or tumours. * Use of duplex<unk>  to determine if there is backward flow of urine, for example in vesicoureteric reflux. * Determination of how much urine is in the bladder, for example to assess for<unk>  retention. * To look for evidence and the cause of chronic kidney disease, for example shrunken kidneys. * To assist with an interventional procedure, such as the taking of a biopsy, or draining of an abscess or cyst. * To monitor a kidney transplant. The symptoms that a person may experience that cause the test to be requested may be blood in the urine, abdominal pain, abdominal kidney function tests, and frequent<unk><unk>  infections (of which symptoms may include the need to pass urine frequently, pain on urination, and worsening<unk>  incontinence).
Urinary tract ultrasound
Urine cytology
Cystoscopy
Cystography
Computed tomography urography
Cystometry
Voiding cystourethrography
Renal ultrasonography