<unk>  (ETMR) is an<unk>  central nervous system tumor. It is considered an<unk>  tumor because it arises from cells partially differentiated or still undifferentiated from birth, usually neuroepithelial cells, stem cells destined to turn into glia or neurons. It can occur anywhere within the brain and can have multiple sites of origins, with a high probability of metastasis through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Metastases outside the central nervous system have been reported, but remain rare. Until recently, ETMRs were not recognized as a standalone entity and were grouped together with other CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Histologically, it is similar to other CNS<unk>  tumors, such as medulloblastoma, but different regarding genetic factors. It is a rare disease occurring in less than 1 in 700,000 children under the age of 4. Symptoms depend on the location of the tumor and, thus, may vary, but they may include raised intracranial pressure, paresis, seizures, visual impairments, ataxia, and torticollis. A biopsy is needed to establish diagnosis, which is done by molecular analysis of the sample. A standard treatment plan hasn't been established; common strategies involve chemotherapy and radiotherapy for individuals older than 3 years of age. Their efficacy, however, is still controversial. Surgery can be used to remove the tumor, but it often recurs.
Embryonal tumour with multilayered rosettes
Sex cord tumour with annular tubules
Lipofibromatosis-like neural tumor
Surface epithelial-stromal tumor
Folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma
Germ cell neoplasia in situ
Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma
Neural fibrolipoma