<unk> es <unk>  are small viruses that infect humans and some other primate species. They belong to the genus Dependoparvovirus, which in turn belongs to the family Parvoviridae. They are small (20 nm) replication-defective, nonenveloped viruses and have linear single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome of approximately 4.8 kilobases (kb).<unk>  are not currently known to cause disease. The viruses cause a very mild immune response. Several additional features make<unk>  an attractive candidate for creating viral vectors for gene therapy, and for the creation of isogenic human disease models. Gene therapy vectors using<unk>  can infect both dividing and quiescent cells and persist in an extrachromosomal state without integrating into the genome of the host cell. In the native virus, however, integration of virally carried genes into the host genome does occur. Integration can be important for certain applications, but can also have unwanted consequences. Recent human clinical trials using<unk>  for gene therapy in the retina have shown promise.
Adeno-associated virus
Passenger virus
Oncolytic adenovirus
Lentivirus
Oncophage
BK virus
Simian foamy virus
Helper virus