<unk>  generally refers to the postpartum<unk><unk>  of the mother and newborn within 48 hours. The duration of what is considered<unk><unk> ” varies between countries from 12 to 72 hours due to the differences in average duration of<unk>  stay. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends healthy mothers and newborns following an uncomplicated vaginal delivery at a health facility to stay and receive care at the facility for at least 24 hours after delivery. This recommendation is based on findings which suggest that the first 24 hours after giving birth poses the greatest risks for both the mother and newborn. The length of<unk><unk>  stay has changed internationally since the 19th century when giving birth at<unk> s were first introduced. Following World War II, the length of<unk><unk><unk>  has been declining, leading to global increases in<unk> . Conclusions regarding the effects of<unk>  on mothers and newborns remain unclear. This is due to inconsistency of the definition of<unk> , methodologies and clinical interventions between research studies. Research findings have suggested adverse effects for mothers regarding breastfeeding and depression, whereas others have suggested no differences and even positive effects. Similarly, mixed conclusions have been found on the influence of<unk>  on the morbidity of newborns.
Early postnatal hospital discharge
Establishment of breastfeeding
Breastfeeding promotion
Assisted feeding
Parent management training
Pre-conception counseling
Morning care
Acute Care of at-Risk Newborns