<unk> s are genes that, when ectopically overexpressed, specifically destroy tumour cells without harming normal, untransformed cells. This cellular destruction can be due to a variety of mechanisms, such as apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe followed by apoptosis or necrosis, and autophagy.<unk> s emerged from studies on cancer cells in the late 1990s. Currently, there have been 291<unk> s discovered in the human genome. In order to be classified as an<unk> , the gene must have base substitutions leading to missense amino-acid changes, deletions, or insertions leading to frameshifts that alter the protein the gene codes for, increases and decreases in copy-number increases, or gene rearrangements leading to their deregulation.
Anticancer gene
Tumor suppressor gene
Oncogene
Metastasis suppressor
Regulator gene
Fusion gene
CDK inhibitor
Autoimmune regulator