<unk> s have seen some therapeutic use in emergency medicine as an antidote. Marketed applications include digoxin immune<unk>  and Crofab, a mixture of<unk> s for rattlesnake bites.<unk> s against colchicine and tricyclic antidepressants has also been produced but are yet to see approval.<unk> s are a common form-factor for monoclonal antibodies designated for therapeutic use. The<unk>  abciximab, which inhibits blood clotting, works by disabling glycoprotein IIb/IIIa found on platelets. Ranibizumab, a treatment for macular degeneration, targets vascular endothelial growth factor A, a protein involved in the growth of blood vessels. Certolizumab pegol is a<unk>  chemically linked to PEG, and it treats various inflammatory disorders by<unk>  away TNFα.<unk>  antibodies also have diagnostic use. Arcitumomab is a mouse antibody that recognizes carcinoembryonic antigen, an antigen over-expressed in 95% of colorectal cancers. It is conjugated to a radioactive element, which will label the tumors when viewed with single-photon emission computed tomography. Sulesomab, an antigen that recognizes proteins on the surface of granulocytes, is used to label out infections, again using the 99mTc isotope.<unk><unk> s are often fused to small proteins (<100 kDa) that have lower scattering, resulting in images with less contrast.
Fragment antigen-binding
Alloantigen recognition
Antigen presentation
Antibody opsonization
Complement-dependent cytotoxicity
Receptor editing
Oocyte selection
Autoimmune regulator