The diagnosis of<unk>  requires considerable clinical judgement, and as such a comprehensive clinical assessment including clinical observation, neuroimaging, blood tests and neuropsychological testing are best in order to rule out an alternate diagnosis.<unk>  is diagnosed when there is: # Evidence of memory impairment # Preservation of general<unk>  and functional abilities # Absence of diagnosed dementia Neuropathology There is evidence suggesting that although amnestic<unk>  patients may not meet neuropathologic criteria for Alzheimer's disease, patients may be in a transitional stage of evolving Alzheimer's disease; patients in this hypothesized transitional stage demonstrated diffuse amyloid in the neocortex and frequent neurofibrillary tangles in the medial temporal lobe. Alternatively, many individuals develop neurofibrillary tangles without amyloid, a pattern termed primary age-related tauopathy. There is emerging evidence that magnetic resonance imaging can observe deterioration, including progressive loss of gray matter in the brain, from<unk>  to full-blown Alzheimer disease. A technique known as PiB PET imaging is used to clearly show the sites and shapes of beta amyloid deposits in living subjects using a 11C tracer that binds selectively to such deposits. Another tool aimed at predicting the progression of<unk>  to Alzheimer's disease dementia, known as 18F PET with florbetaben shows promise but further study is needed to demonstrate diagnostic test accuracy with larger trials. Such tools may help greatly in assisting clinical research for therapies.
Mild cognitive impairment
Severe cognitive impairment
Dyssomnia
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Irregular sleep–wake rhythm
Orthosomnia
Parasomnia
Hypersomnia