Basically, understanding of the etiology of perinatal asphyxia provides the platform on which to build on its pathophysiology. The general principles guiding the causes and the pathophysiology of perinatal asphyxia are grouped into antepartum causes and intra partum causes. As these are the various points to which insults can occur to the foetus. *Antepartum causes *Inadequate oxygenation of maternal blood due to hypoventilation during anesthesia, heart diseases, pneumonia, respiratory failure * Low maternal blood pressure due to hypotension e.g. compression of vena cava and aorta, excess anaesthesia. *Premature separation of placenta *Placental insufficiency *Intra partum causes * Inadequate relaxation of uterus due to excess oxytocin * Prolonged delivery * Knotting of umbilical cord around the neck of infant
risks of Necrotizing enterocolitis
risks of Giardiasis
risks of Short bowel syndrome
risks of Refeeding syndrome
causes of Fecal incontinence
risks of Peritonitis
risks of Postpartum infections
risks of Myocardial infarction