<unk>  (from Greek prósōpon, meaning "face", and agnōsía, meaning "non-knowledge"), also called face blindness, is a cognitive disorder of face perception in which the ability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own face (self-recognition), is impaired, while other aspects of visual processing (e.g., object discrimination) and intellectual functioning (e.g., decision-making) remain intact. The term originally referred to a condition following acute brain damage (acquired<unk> , but a congenital or developmental form of the disorder also exists, with a prevalence of 2.5%. The brain area usually associated with<unk>  is the fusiform gyrus, which activates specifically in response to faces. The functionality of the fusiform gyrus allows most people to recognize faces in more detail than they do similarly complex inanimate objects. For those with<unk> , the method for recognizing faces depends on the less sensitive object-recognition system. The right hemisphere fusiform gyrus is more often involved in familiar face recognition than the left. It remains unclear whether the fusiform gyrus is specific for the recognition of human faces or if it is also involved in highly trained visual stimuli. Acquired<unk>  results from occipito-temporal lobe damage and is most often found in adults. It is subdivided into apperceptive and associative<unk> . In congenital<unk> , the individual never adequately develops the ability to recognize faces. Though there have been several attempts at remediation, no therapies have demonstrated lasting improvements across a group of<unk> s.<unk> s often learn to use "piecemeal" or "feature-by-feature" recognition strategies. This may involve secondary clues such as clothing, gait, hair color, skin color, body shape, and voice. Because the face seems to function as an important identifying feature in memory, it can also be difficult for people with this condition to keep track of information about people, and socialize normally with others.<unk>  has also been associated with other disorders that are associated with nearby brain areas: left hemianopsia (loss of vision from left side of space, associated with damage to the right occipital lobe), achromatopsia (a deficit in color perception often associated with unilateral or bilateral lesions in the temporo-occipital junction) and topographical disorientation (a loss of environmental familiarity and difficulties in using landmarks, associated with lesions in the posterior part of the parahippocampal gyrus and anterior part of the lingual gyrus of the right hemisphere). The opposite of<unk>  is the skill of superior face recognition ability. People with this ability are called "super recognizers".
Prosopagnosia
Apperceptive agnosia
Integrative agnosia
Phonagnosia
Finger agnosia
Visuospatial dysgnosia
Autotopagnosia
Metamorphopsia