<unk>  should be suspected once the baby fails to swallow after their first feeding during the first day of life. Esophageal atresia can be diagnosed by Ryle nasogastric tube; if the Ryle fails to pass into the stomach, then this indicates esophageal atresia and loss of communication between stomach and esophagus.<unk>  may be diagnosed by MRI which clarifies the atretic esophagus (if presents) and<unk> , as well as its location and anatomy. Gastrograffin contrast swallow should not be used if<unk>  is suspected, due to its high risk of allergy and severe intractable chest infection. Classification Fistulae between the trachea and esophagus in the newborn can be of diverse morphology and anatomical location. However, various pediatric surgical publications have attempted a classification system based on the below specified types. Not all types include both esophageal agenesis and<unk> , but the most common types do. Gross Vogt Description EA?<unk> ? - Type 1 Esophageal agenesis. Very rare, and not included in the classification by Gross. Yes No Type A Type 2 Proximal and distal esophageal bud—a normal esophagus with a missing mid-segment. Yes No Type B Type 3A Proximal esophageal termination on the lower trachea with distal esophageal bud. Yes Yes Type C Type 3B Proximal esophageal atresia (esophagus continuous with the mouth ending in a blind loop superior to the sternal angle) with a distal esophagus arising from the lower trachea or carina. (Most common, up to 90% of cases.) Yes Yes Type D Type 3C Proximal esophageal termination on the lower trachea or carina with distal esophagus arising from the carina. Yes Yes Type E (or H-Type) - A variant of type D: if the two segments of esophagus communicate, this is sometimes termed an H-type fistula due to its resemblance to the letter H.<unk>  without EA. No Yes The letter codes are usually associated with the system used by Gross, while number codes are usually associated with Vogt. An additional type, "blind upper segment only" has been described, but this type is not usually included in most classifications. (For the purposes of this discussion, proximal esophagus indicates normal esophageal tissue arising normally from the pharynx, and distal esophagus indicates normal esophageal tissue emptying into the proximal stomach.)
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Tracheoinnominate fistula
Laryngotracheal stenosis
Subglottic stenosis
Tracheal deviation
Aortoesophageal fistula
Tracheomalacia
Laryngomalacia