"Encephalopathy" is a general<unk> rm describing brain malfunctions and<unk> " asserts that the malfunction is caused by<unk> s on the brain. The most prominent characteristic of<unk>  is an altered mental status. Acute intoxication is a reversible symptom of exposure to many synthetic chemical neurotoxicants. Acute intoxication symptoms include lightheadedness, dizziness, headache and nausea, and regular cumulative exposure to these neurotoxicants over a number of years puts the individual at high risk for developing<unk> . Chronic exposure to low levels of neurotoxic chemicals can also cause reversible changes in mood and affect which resolve with cessation of exposure. Acute and chronic<unk>  on the other hand, are persistent changes in neurological function that typically occur with exposure to higher concentrations and longer durations respectively. The symptoms of acute and chronic<unk>  do not resolve with cessation of exposure and can include memory loss, dementia, small personality changes/increased irritability, insidious onset of concentration difficulties, headache, lightheadedness, ataxia, involuntary movements (parkinsonism), fatigue, seizures, arm strength problems, and depression. A paper by Feldman and colleagues described neurobehavioral effects in a 57-year-old house painter with regular exposure to large amounts of solvents. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) analyses have also demonstrated increased rates of dopamine synthesis in the putamen, reduced anterior and total corpus callosum volume, demyelination in the parietal white matter, basal ganglia, and thalamus, as well as atypical activation of frontal areas of the brain due to neural compensation. The regions of interest on SPECT brain imaging include a majority of all cortical regions, and the globus pallidus in Carbon monoxide poisoning. Based on medical literature on SPECT brain imaging, signature patterns for<unk>  is a nonspecific patchy, diffuse pattern on the cortex, and sometimes is shown in subcortical regions, if exposure was severe. A thorough and standard diagnostic process is paramount with<unk> , including a careful occupational, medication and medical history, standardized imaging and neuropsychological<unk> sting.
Toxic encephalopathy
Glycine encephalopathy
Viral encephalitis
Wernicke encephalopathy
Ethylmalonic encephalopathy
Powassan encephalitis
Autoimmune encephalitis
Herpesviral encephalitis