Different kinds of treatment should be adopted according to the type and severity of<unk> . Medications are usually prescribed to relieve specific symptoms arisen from the disease while surgery like angioplasty can be performed to provide a more long-lasting effect. Surgery Angioplasty is a procedure used to widen narrowed<unk><unk> s, especially in coronary arteries. A long and thin tube called catheter is inserted into a large artery through an incision in the wrist, arm or groin area. The catheter is guided to the affected artery using a real-time x-ray video. A thin wire is then introduced into the<unk><unk> , delivering a small balloon to the affected area. The balloon is inflated to stretch the<unk><unk>  and compress the fatty deposits against the wall of artery. Hence, the<unk>  is widened and<unk>  can flow through it freely to maintain adequate<unk>  supply to different tissues. Finally, the balloon is deflated and removed. A stent may also be placed to provide support to the<unk>  wall and prevent it from re-narrowing. Medications Beta blockers are medications that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system by blocking the beta adrenergic receptors. They can be used to slow down heart rate and decrease<unk>  pressure by inhibiting beta receptors in the heart. These medications also induce vasodilation by relaxing smooth muscle in<unk><unk> s. Examples of beta blockers include carvedilol, metoprolol, and bisoprolol. Calcium channel blockers are medications that prevent the movement of calcium ions across calcium channels. They can be used to relieve hypertension by causing vascular smooth muscle relaxation. They also reduce the heart rate and contractility to lower the cardiac output, which in turn lower<unk>  pressure. Amlodipine, hydralazine and dihydropyridine are examples of calcium channel blockers. Other medications such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and diuretics can be used to relieve hypertension. Statins and fibrates can also be prescribed to lower<unk>  cholesterol level and hence reducing the risk of plaque formation in<unk><unk> s. Anti-platelet medications e.g. aspirin help reducing<unk>  clot formation in<unk> s as well.
Blood vessel disorder
Vascular disease
Brain damage
Central nervous system disease
Vascular occlusion
Vascular anomaly
Pigmentation disorder
Neurological disorder