<unk>  or<unk>  is a restriction in blood supply to any<unk> ssues, muscle group, or organ of the body, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep<unk> ssue alive).<unk>  is generally caused by problems with blood vessels, with resultant damage to or dysfunction of<unk> ssue i.e. hypoxia and microvascular dysfunction. It also means local hypoxia in a given part of a body sometimes resulting from constriction (such as vasoconstriction, thrombosis or embolism).<unk>  comprises not only insufficiency of oxygen, but also reduced availability of nutrients and inadequate removal of metabolic wastes.<unk>  can be partial (poor perfusion) or total blockage. The inadequate delivery of oxygenated blood to the organs must be resolved either by treating the cause of the inadequate delivery or reducing the oxygen demand of the system that needs it. For example, patients with myocardial<unk>  have a decreased blood flow to the heart and are prescribed with medications that reduce chronotrophy and ionotrophy to meet the new level of blood delivery supplied by the stenosed so that it is adequate.
Ischemia
Infarction
Venous stasis
Heat edema
Angiopathy
Contracture
Reperfusion injury
Scar