<unk>  (urinary blood fluke) is a species of digenetic trematode, belonging to a group (genus) of blood flukes<unk> . It is found in Africa and the Middle East. It is the major agent of<unk> asis, the most prevalent parasitic infection in humans. It is the only blood fluke that infects the urinary tract, causing urinary<unk> asis, and is the leading cause of bladder cancer (only next to tobacco smoking). The diseases are caused by the eggs. Adults are found in the venous plexuses around the urinary bladder and the released eggs travels to the wall of the urine bladder causing haematuria and fibrosis of the bladder. The bladder becomes calcified, and there is increased pressure on ureters and kidneys otherwise known as hydronephrosis. Inflammation of the genitals due to<unk>  may contribute to the propagation of HIV.<unk>  was the first blood fluke discovered. Theodor Bilharz, a German surgeon working in Cairo, identified the parasite as a causative agent of urinary infection in 1851. After the discoverer, the infection (generally including all<unk>  infections) was called bilharzia or bilharziasis. Along with other helminth parasites Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini,<unk>  was declared as Group 1 (extensively proven) carcinogens by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans in 2009.
Schistosoma haematobium
Schistosoma mansoni
Neorickettsia helminthoeca
Schistosoma intercalatum
Taenia solium
Echinostoma cinetorchis
Ascaris lumbricoides
Onchocerca volvulus