<unk>  is common and is estimated to occur in 65–85% of the population. In The Framingham Heart Study presence of any severity of<unk> , ranging from<unk> ace to above moderate was in 82% of men and in 85.7% of women. Mild<unk>  tend to be common and benign and in structurally normal<unk> icuspid valve apparatus can be considered a normal variant. Moderate or severe<unk>  is usually associated with<unk> icuspid valve leaflet abnormalities and/or possibly annular dilation and is usually pathologic which can lead to irreversible damage of cardiac muscle and worse outcomes due to chronic prolonged right ventricular volume overload. In a study of 595 male elite football players aged 18–38, and 47 sedentary non-athletes, it was found that 58% of the athletes had<unk>  vs. 36% in non-athletes. Football players with<unk>  had larger<unk> icuspid annulus diameter, compared to athletes without<unk> . Athletes with<unk>  also had enlarged right atrium diameter when compared to control group.
Tricuspid regurgitation
Aortic regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Tricuspid valve stenosis
Aortic stenosis
Mitral valve prolapse
Pulmonary valve stenosis