<unk>  is considered to be among the most difficult personality disorders to treat. Rendering an effective treatment for<unk>  is further complicated due to the inability to look at comparative studies between psychopathy and<unk>  due to differing diagnostic criteria, differences in defining and measuring outcomes and a focus on treating incarcerated patients rather than those in the community. Because of their very low or absent capacity for remorse, individuals with<unk>  often lack sufficient motivation and fail to see the costs associated with<unk>  acts. They may only simulate remorse rather than truly commit to change: they can be seductively charming and dishonest, and may manipulate staff and fellow patients during treatment. Studies have shown that outpatient therapy is not likely to be successful, but the extent to which persons with<unk>  are entirely unresponsive to treatment may have been exaggerated. Most treatment done is for those in the criminal justice system to whom the treatment regimes are given as part of their imprisonment. Those with<unk>  may stay in treatment only as required by an external source, such as parole conditions. Residential programs that provide a carefully controlled environment of structure and supervision along with peer confrontation have been recommended. There has been some research on the treatment of<unk>  that indicated positive results for therapeutic interventions. Psychotherapy also known as talk therapy is found to help treat patients with<unk> .Schema therapy is also being investigated as a treatment for<unk> . A review by Charles M. Borduin features the strong influence of Multisystemic therapy (MST) that could potentially improve this imperative issue. However, this treatment requires complete cooperation and participation of all family members. Some studies have found that the presence of<unk>  does not significantly interfere with treatment for other disorders, such as substance use, although others have reported contradictory findings. Therapists working with individuals with<unk>  may have considerable negative feelings toward patients with extensive histories of aggressive, exploitative, and abusive behaviors. Rather than attempt to develop a sense of conscience in these individuals, which is extremely difficult considering the nature of the disorder, therapeutic techniques are focused on rational and utilitarian arguments against repeating past mistakes. These approaches would focus on the tangible, material value of prosocial behavior and abstaining from<unk>  behavior. However, the impulsive and aggressive nature of those with this disorder may limit the effectiveness of even this form of therapy. The use of medications in treating<unk>  is still poorly explored, and no medications have been approved by the FDA to specifically treat<unk> . A 2020 Cochrane review of studies that explored the use of pharmaceuticals in<unk>  patients, of which 8 studies met the selection criteria for review, concluded that the current body of evidence was inconclusive for recommendations concerning the use of pharmaceuticals in treating the various issues of<unk> . Nonetheless, psychiatric medications such as antipsychotics, antidepressants, and mood stabilizers can be used to control symptoms such as aggression and impulsivity, as well as treat disorders that may co-occur with<unk>  for which medications are indicated.
Antisocial personality disorder
Sadistic personality disorder
Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder
Psychopathy
Haltlose personality disorder
Histrionic personality disorder
Self-defeating personality disorder
Organic personality disorder