<unk>  involves placing a tiny electrical probe in the globus pallidus, one of the basal ganglia of the brain. A craniotomy (temporary hole in the skull) needs to be created. The probe is guided based on stereotactic information, and sometimes magnetic resonance imaging. The globus pallidus is heated for a short time to destroy a small area of brain cells.
Pallidotomy
Cricopharyngeal myotomy
Ventriculotomy 
Lumbar–peritoneal shunt
Surgical airway management
Positive airway pressure
Cerebrospinal fluid diversion
Craniotomy