IPA can be converted in the liver or kidneys to<unk> -indoleacrylic acid, which is subsequently conjugated with glycine, forming indolylacryloyl glycine. History== The neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-amyloid properties of IPA were first reported by a group of investigators in July 1999, led by Dr. Pappolla and Dr. Poeggeler at the University of South Alabama. <!--
3-Indolepropionic acid
3-Chloropropanoic acid
Indoxyl sulfate
Corynanthine
Orthosilicic acid
Metirosine
Phenylacetic acid
Choline