Treatment of lung disease may include bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, and, when infections occur, antibiotics. Intravenous infusions of the<unk> protein or in severe disease lung transplantation may also be recommended. In those with severe liver disease liver transplantation may be an option. Avoiding smoking and getting vaccinated for influenza, pneumococcus, and hepatitis is also recommended. People with lung disease due to<unk>  may receive intravenous infusions of<unk> -1<unk> , derived from donated human plasma. This augmentation therapy is thought to arrest the course of the disease and halt any further damage to the lungs. Long-term studies of the effectiveness of<unk> replacement therapy are not available. It is currently recommended that patients begin augmentation therapy only after the onset of emphysema symptoms. As of 2015 there were four IV augmentation therapy manufacturers in the United States, Canada, and several European countries. IV therapies are the standard mode of augmentation therapy delivery. Liver disease due to<unk>  does not include any specific treatment, beyond routine care for chronic liver disease. However, the presence of cirrhosis affects treatment is several ways. Individuals with cirrhosis and portal hypertension should avoid contact sports to minimize the risk of splenic injury. All people with<unk>  and cirrhosis should be screened for esophageal varices, and should avoid all alcohol consumption. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should also be avoided, as these medications may worsen liver disease in general, and may particularly accelerate the liver injury associated with<unk> . Augmentation therapy is not appropriate for people with liver disease. If progressive liver failure or decompensated cirrhosis develop, then liver transplantation may be necessary.
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
Asthma
CHILD syndrome
Reactive airway disease
Mineral dust airway disease
Cystic fibrosis
Yokkaichi asthma
Upper airway resistance syndrome