In low doses it is used to treat agitated depression (together with an antidepressant). Fixed combinations of<unk>  and the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline in different proportions of weight exist (see Etrafon below). When treating depression,<unk>  is discontinued as fast as the clinical situation allows.<unk>  has no intrinsic antidepressive activity. Several studies show that the use of<unk>  with fluoxetine (Prozac) in patients with psychotic depression is most promising, although fluoxetine interferes with the metabolism of<unk> , causing higher plasma levels of<unk>  and a longer half-life. In this combination the strong antiemetic action of<unk>  attenuates fluoxetine-induced nausea and vomiting (emesis), as well as the initial agitation caused by fluoxetine. Both actions can be helpful for many patients.<unk>  has been used in low doses as a 'normal' or 'minor' tranquilizer in patients with a known history of addiction to drugs or alcohol, a practice which is now strongly discouraged.<unk>  has sedating and anxiolytic properties, making the drug useful for the treatment of agitated psychotic patients. A valuable off-label indication is the short-time treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum, in which pregnant women experience violent nausea and vomiting. This problem can become severe enough to endanger the pregnancy. As<unk>  has not been shown to be teratogenic and works very well, it is sometimes given orally in the smallest possible dose. Effectiveness<unk>  is used to treat psychosis (e.g. in people with schizophrenia and the manic phases of bipolar disorder).<unk>  effectively treats the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations and delusions, but its effectiveness in treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as flattened affect and poverty of speech, is unclear. Earlier studies found the typical antipsychotics to be ineffective or poorly effective in the treatment of negative symptoms, but two recent, large-scale studies found no difference between<unk>  and the atypical antipsychotics. A 2015 systematic review compared<unk>  with other antipsychotic drugs: +<unk>  compared with any antipsychotic drug for schizophrenia Summary Although<unk>  has been used in randomized trials for more than 50 years, incomplete reporting and the variety of comparators used make it impossible to draw clear conclusions. All data for the main outcomes were of very low quality evidence. At best it can be said that<unk>  showed similar effects—including adverse events—as several of the other antipsychotic drugs. Outcome Findings in words Findings in numbers Quality of evidence Global state No better or deteriorationFollow-up: mean 8 weeks<unk>  is not clearly different than other drugs for this global outcome and data supporting this finding are very limited. RR 1.04 (0.91 to 1.17) Very low Mental state Mental state - 'no effect' (BPRS score reduction)Follow-up: average 8 weeks At present it is not possible to be confident about the difference between<unk>  and any other antipsychotic drug. Data supporting this finding are very limited. RR 1.24 (0.61 to 2.52) Very low Adverse events Extrapyramidal adverse effects - dystoniaFollow-up: average 10 weeks<unk>  is not clearly different to other antipsychotic drugs and data supporting this finding are very limited. RR 1.36 (0.23 to 8.16) Very low Any serious adverse eventFollow-up: average 39 weeks It is also not possible to be confident about the difference between the two treatments. Data supporting this finding are very limited. RR 0.98 (0.68 to 1.41) Very low No study reported any data on outcomes such as death, economic outcomes and information relating to time in services
Perphenazine
Bolazine
Triazolam
Cyprazepam
Adatanserin
Atogepant
Primidone
Mebanazine