Early skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn promotes the establishment of a plentiful<unk><unk> . The physiological mechanisms that regulate breast<unk><unk>  are poorly understood. High levels of prolactin are necessary for lactation, however there is no direct correlation between baseline levels of prolactin and quantity of<unk>  production. One aspect of<unk>  regulation that has been identified is that breast<unk>  contains a peptide called feedback inhibitor of lactation (FIL). When<unk>  is present in the breast, FIL inhibits the secretion of<unk> . After a mother's<unk>  comes in, a reduction in<unk>  is inevitable unless<unk>  is removed regularly and thoroughly from the breasts. Surgery or injury to the breast can decrease<unk>  by disrupting<unk>  ducts that carry<unk>  from the alveoli, where<unk>  is produced, to the nipple. Retained placenta results in high levels of progesterone, a hormone that inhibits lactation.
Low milk supply
Delayed onset of lactation
Undernutrition in children
Postpartum infections
Breastfeeding difficulties
Maternal recognition of pregnancy
Other specified feeding or eating disorder
Water birth