Hormone<unk>  for transmasculine individuals has not been adequately studied . Two recent studies indicate the potential for elevated risk of cardiovascular events. Nota, et al (2019) found that transgender men taking testosterone had an increased risk of cardiovascular events compared to cisgender women, with 11 vs. 3 cardiovascular events per 100,000 person-years, though the risk was less than that of cisgender men. Researchers were not able to control for smoking status or stressors. Another recent study (Alzahrani, 2019) found elevated risk of heart attacks among self-identified transgender men—which persisted even after adjusting for age, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and exercise—though the study did not include data about whether the subjects were undergoing hormone<unk>  and did not control for stressors. The study found that transgender men have a >4-fold and 2-fold increased odds of having a myocardial infarction when compared with cisgender women and cisgender men, respectively. Though it is not always the case, testosterone for transmasculine people is often intended to be used long-term. Due to insufficient comprehensive research, there is no consensus on the full range of risks of lengthy testosterone administration.
Masculinizing hormone therapy
Feminizing hormone therapy
Estrogen deprivation therapy
Androgen deprivation therapy
Antihormone therapy
Transgender hormone therapy
Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy
Androgen replacement therapy