Treatment of<unk>  depends on the underlying cause, and should target reversing the main process. When considering course of treatment, it is important to distinguish between acute versus chronic forms. Acute<unk>  Bicarbonate therapy is generally administered In patients with severe acute acidemia (pH 7.3 had no overall effect on the composite outcome of all-cause mortality and the presence of at least one organ failure at day 7. However, amongst the sub-group of patients with severe acute kidney injury, bicarbonate therapy significantly decreased the primary composite outcome, and 28-day mortality, along with the need for dialysis. Chronic<unk>  For people with Chronic Kidney Disease, treating<unk>  slows the progression of chronic kidney disease. Dietary interventions for treatment of chronic<unk>  include base-inducing fruits and vegetables that assist with reducing the urine net acid excretion, and increase TCO2. Recent research has also suggested that dietary protein restriction, through ketoanalogue-supplemented vegetarian very low protein diets are also a nutritionally safe option for correction of<unk>  in people with Chronic Kidney Disease. Currently, the most commonly used treatment for chronic<unk>  is oral bicarbonate. The NKF/KDOQI guidelines recommend starting treatment when serum bicarbonate levels are <22 mEq/L, in order to maintain levels ≥ 22 mEq/L. Studies investigating the effects of oral alkali therapy demonstrated improvements in serum bicarbonate levels, resulting in a slower decline in kidney function, and reduction in proteinuria – leading to a reduction in the risk of progressing to kidney failure. However, side effects of oral alkali therapy include gastrointestinal intolerance, worsening edema, and worsening hypertension. Furthermore, large doses of oral alkali are required to treat chronic<unk> , and the pill burden can limit adherence. Veverimer (TRC 101) is a promising investigational drug designed to treat<unk>  by binding with the acid in the gastrointestinal tract and removing it from the body through excretion in the feces, in turn decreasing the amount of acid in the body, and increasing the level of bicarbonate in the blood. Results from a Phase 3, double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week clinical trial in people with CKD and<unk>  demonstrated that Veverimer effectively and safely corrected<unk>  in the short-term, and a blinded, placebo-controlled, 40-week extension of the trial assessing long-term safety, demonstrated sustained improvements in physical function and a combined endpoint of death, dialysis, or 50% decline in eGFR.
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Acidosis
Lactic acidosis
Hypercapnia
Respiratory alkalosis
Normal anion gap acidosis