Leg Lower limb<unk> s can be divided into two broad categories: minor and major<unk> s. Minor<unk> s generally refer to the<unk>  of digits. Major<unk> s are commonly below-knee- or above-knee<unk> s. Common partial foot<unk> s include the Chopart, Lisfranc, and ray<unk> s. Common forms of ankle disarticulations include Pyrogoff, Boyd, and Syme<unk> s. A less common major<unk>  is the Van Nes rotation, or rotationplasty, i.e. the turning around and reattachment of the foot to allow the ankle joint to take over the function of the knee. Types of<unk> s include: An above-knee<unk>  ; partial foot<unk> :<unk>  of the lower limb distal to the ankle joint ; ankle disarticulation:<unk>  of the lower limb at the ankle joint ; trans-tibial<unk> :<unk>  of the lower limb between the knee joint and the ankle joint, commonly referred to as a below-knee<unk>  ; knee disarticulation:<unk>  of the lower limb at the knee joint ; trans-femoral<unk> :<unk>  of the lower limb between the hip joint and the knee joint, commonly referred to an above-knee<unk>  ; hip disarticulation:<unk>  of the lower limb at the hip joint ; trans-pelvic disarticulation:<unk>  of the whole lower limb together with all or part of the pelvis, also known as a hemipelvectomy or hindquarter<unk>  Arm The 18th century guide to<unk> sTypes of upper extremity<unk> s include: * partial hand<unk>  * wrist disarticulation * trans-radial<unk> , commonly referred to as below-elbow or forearm<unk>  * elbow disarticulation * trans-humeral<unk> , commonly referred to as above-elbow<unk>  * shoulder disarticulation * forequarter<unk>  A variant of the trans-radial<unk>  is the Krukenberg procedure in which the radius and ulna are used to create a stump capable of a pincer action. Other Partial<unk>  of index finger. * Facial<unk> s include but are not limited to: *<unk>  of the ears *<unk>  of the nose (rhinotomy) *<unk>  of the tongue (glossectomy). *<unk>  of the eyes (enucleation). *<unk>  of the teeth (dental avulsion). Removal of teeth, mainly incisors, is or was practiced by some cultures for ritual purposes (for instance in the Iberomaurusian culture of Neolithic North Africa). * Breasts: *<unk>  of the breasts (mastectomy). * Genitals: *<unk>  of the testicles (castration). *<unk>  of the penis (penectomy). *<unk>  of the foreskin (circumcision). *<unk>  of the clitoris (clitoridectomy). Hemicorporectomy, or<unk>  at the waist, and decapitation, or<unk>  at the neck, are the most radical<unk> s. Genital modification and mutilation may involve<unk> g tissue, although not necessarily as a result of injury or disease. Nails are typically trimmed with nail clippers, but this is not typically considered<unk> . Self-amputation In some rare cases when a person has become trapped in a deserted place, with no means of communication or hope of rescue, the victim has<unk> utated his or her own limb. The most notable case of this is Aron Ralston, a hiker who<unk> utated his own right forearm after it was pinned by a boulder in a hiking accident and he was unable to free himself for over five days. Body integrity identity disorder is a psychological condition in which an individual feels compelled to remove one or more of their body parts, usually a limb. In some cases, that individual may take drastic measures to remove the offending appendages, either by causing irreparable damage to the limb so that medical intervention cannot save the limb, or by causing the limb to be severed.
Amputation
Vascular bypass
Debridement
Wound closure strip
Wound bed preparation
Guillotine amputation
Tendon transfer
Hernia repair