<unk>  is the taking of too much of the medications known as<unk><unk>  blockers (CCBs), either by accident or on purpose. This often causes a slow heart rate and low blood pressure. This can progress to the heart stopping altogether. Some CCBs can also cause a fast heart rate as a result of the low blood pressure. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, sleepiness, and shortness of breath. Symptoms usually occur in the first six hours but with some forms of the medication may not start until 24 after hours. There are a number of treatments that may be useful. These include efforts to reduce absorption of the drug including: activated charcoal taken by mouth if given shortly after the ingestion or whole bowel irrigation if an extended release formula was taken. Efforts to bring about vomiting are not recommended. Medications to treat the toxic effects include: intravenous fluids,<unk>  gluconate, glucagon, high dose insulin, vasopressors and lipid emulsion. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may also be an option. More than ten thousand cases of<unk>  were reported in the United States in 2010. Along with beta blockers and digoxin<unk><unk>  blockers have one of the highest rates of death in overdose. These medications first became available in the 1970s and 1980s. They are one of the few types of medication in which one pill can result in the death of a child.
Calcium channel blocker toxicity
Beta blocker
Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy
Electrolyte exclusion effect
Digoxin toxicity
Opioid-induced endocrinopathy
Drug-induced hyperthermia
Hypokalemic sensory overstimulation