This disorder is often associated with brain lesions in the dominant (usually left) hemisphere including the angular and supramarginal gyri (Brodmann area 39 and 40 respectively) near the temporal and parietal lobe junction. There is significant debate in the scientific literature as to whether<unk>  truly represents a unified, theoretically motivated syndrome. Thus its diagnostic utility has been questioned by neurologists and neuropsychologists alike. The angular gyrus is generally involved in translating visual patterns of letters and words into meaningful information, such as is done while reading. In adults In adults, the syndrome may occur after a stroke.In addition to exhibiting the above symptoms, many adults also experience dysphasia or aphasia, which is difficulty in expressing oneself when speaking, in understanding speech, or in reading and writing. In children There are few reports of the syndrome, sometimes called developmental<unk> , in children. The cause is not known. Most cases are identified when children reach school age, a time when they are challenged with writing and mathematic exercises. Generally, children with the disorder exhibit poor handwriting and spelling skills, and difficulty with math functions, including adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing. An inability to differentiate right from left and to discriminate among individual fingers may also be apparent. In addition to the four primary symptoms, many children also suffer from constructional apraxia, an inability to copy simple drawings. Frequently, there is also an impairment in reading. Children at any level of intelligence may be affected with the disorder.
Gerstmann syndrome
Scheie syndrome
Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome
Hurler–Scheie syndrome
Catel–Manzke syndrome
De Barsy syndrome
Pallister–Killian syndrome
Gleich's syndrome