204x204px The<unk>  generally follows a specific pattern of injury. The following are described as subsequent events that result in a<unk> : * Forceful, external rotation of the ankle joint results in the tearing of the deep deltoid ligament and/or an avulsion<unk>  of the medial malleolus. * The ankle mortise is subjected to excessive torque, rupturing the syndesmotic ligaments and anteromedial ankle joint capsule. * Rotative energy is transferred upwards along the interosseous membrane, damaging it in the process. * The force results in a spiral, sometimes an oblique,<unk>  at the neck of the proximal fibula. In cases where the anterior aspect of the tibiofibular syndesmosis can resist mechanical stress, only an oblique<unk>  of the lateral malleolus is produced. Diastasis of the lateral malleolus may also occur, in which it is posterolaterally displaced from the tibia. Although most<unk>  cases report a pronation-external rotation mechanism of injury, clinical studies have recorded instances of supination-external rotation being the mechanism of injury. Slight or high degrees of plantarflexion prior to supination-external rotation of the foot have been identified in patients with proximal fibular<unk> s.
Maisonneuve fracture
Sprained ankle
Bosworth fracture
Smith fracture
Monteggia fracture
Duverney fracture
Hume fracture
Rolando fracture