The knowledge about HTLV-1 epidemiology is limited. The highest prevalence for any country has been detected in Japan (particularly in the southwest); in 2007 around<unk> % of Japan's population was infected. Two studies of blood samples from<unk> 988 and 2006-07 showed the highest number of carriers was found in people born from<unk> 927 to<unk> 937 (people age 8 to<unk> 8 in<unk> 945). The reasons for this extremely high prevalence are not known. In Taiwan, in Iran, and in Fujian (a Chinese province near Taiwan) the prevalence is 0.1–1%. The infection rate is about<unk> % in Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu, where the genotype C predominates. In Europe HTLV-1 is still uncommon, although it is present in some high-risk populations, including immigrants and intravenous drug users. In Americas the<unk>  is found in indigenous populations and descendants of African ancestry from where it is thought to have originated. The general prevalence is from 0.1 to<unk> %. In Africa the prevalence is not well known, but it is about<unk> % in some countries. HTLV-I infection in the United States appears to be about half as prevalent among IV drug users and about one-tenth as prevalent in the population at large as HIV infection. Although little serologic data exist, the prevalence of infection is thought to be highest among blacks living in the Southeast. A prevalence rate of 30% has been found among black intravenous drug users in New Jersey, and a rate of 49% has been found in a similar group in New Orleans. HTLV-I infection in Australia is very high among the indigenous peoples of central and northern Australia, with a prevalence rate of<unk> 0–45%. HTLV-1 is believed to have been in Australia for 9,000 years, coming from a migration from Indonesia. In central Australia, around Alice Springs, an estimated 5,000 people are infected. It is also high among the Inuit of Northern Canada, in Japan, northeastern Iran. Peru, the Pacific coast of Colombia and Ecuador, and the Caribbean.
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
Human T-lymphotropic virus 2
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
Human herpesvirus 6
Trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus
Human betaherpesvirus 7
Human betaherpesvirus 5
Oncolytic adenovirus