The signs and symptoms of ARDS often begin within two hours of an inciting event, but have been known to take as long as 1–3 days; diagnostic criteria require a known insult to have happened within 7 days of the syndrome. Signs and symptoms may include shortness of breath, fast breathing, and a low oxygen level in the blood due to abnormal ventilation. Other common symptoms include muscle fatigue and general weakness, low blood pressure, a dry, hacking cough, and fever. Complications Complications may include the following: * Lungs: barotrauma (volutrauma), pulmonary embolism (PE), pulmonary fibrosis, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) * Gastrointestinal: bleeding (ulcer), dysmotility, pneumoperitoneum, bacterial translocation * Neurological: hypoxic brain damage * Cardiac: abnormal heart rhythms, myocardial dysfunction * Kidney: acute kidney failure, positive fluid balance * Mechanical: vascular injury, pneumothorax (by placing pulmonary artery catheter), tracheal injury/stenosis (result of intubation and/or irritation by endotracheal tube) * Nutritional: malnutrition (catabolic state), electrolyte abnormalities Other complications that are typically associated with ARDS include: * Atelectasis: small air pockets within the lung collapse * Complications that arise from treatment in a hospital: blood clots formed by lying down for long periods of time, weakness in muscles that are used for breathing, stress ulcers, and issues with mental health and depression. * Failure of multiple organs * Pulmonary hypertension or increase in blood pressure in the main artery from the heart to the lungs. This complication typically occurs due to the restriction of the blood vessel due to inflammation of the mechanical ventilation
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