<unk>  occurs approximately one of every 200 births globally. It has been suggested that rates of<unk>  are increasing due to increased rate of Caesarian section. Reasons for regional variation may include ethnicity and diet. Africa Rates of<unk>  in Sub-Saharan Africa are the lowest in the world, averaging 2.7 per 1000 pregnancies. Despite a low prevalence, this disease has had a profound impact in Africa as it is linked with negative outcomes for both the mother and infant. The most common maternal outcome of<unk>  is extreme blood loss before or after birth (antepartum hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage), which is a major cause of maternal and infant mortality in countries like Tanzania. Risk factors for<unk>  among African women include prior pregnancies, prenatal alcohol consumption, and insufficient gynecologic care. In North Africa<unk>  rates occur in 6.4 per 1000 pregnancies. Asia Mainland China has the highest prevalence of<unk>  in the world, measuring at an average of 12.2 per 1000 pregnancies. Specifically,<unk>  is most common in Southeast Asia, though the reason for this has not yet been investigated. There are many risk factors for<unk>  in Asian women, of which include pregnancies occurring in women ages 35 and older (advanced maternal age) or in women who have had a prior Caesarean section, having multiple pregnancies, and experiencing either miscarriage or abortion in the past. In comparison with other Asian countries,<unk>  is more common in Japan (13.9 per 1000) and Korea (15 per 1000). In the Middle East,<unk>  rates are lower in both Saudi Arabia (7.3 per 1000) and Israel (4.2 per 1000). Australia The continent with the second highest rates for<unk>  is Australia, where it affects about 9.5 out of every 1000 pregnant women. Researchers concerned with these rates have tested the specificity and sensitivity of fetal anomaly scans. In conclusion, it was determined the threshold that defines<unk>  (based on proximity of placenta to cervix) must be reduced in order to improve the accuracy of diagnoses and to avoid false positives leading screenings. Europe<unk>  in Europe occurs in about 3.6 per 1000 pregnancies. Latin America In Latin America,<unk>  occurs in about 5.1 per 1000 pregnancies. North America In North America<unk>  occurs in 2.9 per 1000 pregnancies. Ethnic differences indicate White women are less likely to experience<unk>  than Black women. Additionally, more cases of<unk>  are found in women from low-income areas which are linked to insufficient pregnancy care. According to the socioeconomic demographic in North America, Black women are more likely to come from low income areas and are thus more likely to suffer from<unk> . In Nova Scotia, infants born to pregnant woman who experience<unk>  have a mortality rate 3-4 times higher than normal pregnancies. A couple of factors contribute to this rate, including length of time fetus was in the womb and mother's age. Infants that did survive experienced increased rates of birth defects, breathing problems, and blood abnormalities. Research suggests that the incidence of<unk>  in the U.S. is increasing as a result of the increased rate of Caesarian sections.
Placenta praevia
Placental abruption
Toxic abortion
Prelabor rupture of membranes
Septic abortion
Obstructed labour
Uterine rupture
Unsafe abortion