HDL1 HDL1 is an unusual, autosomal dominant familial prion<unk> . Only described in one family, it is caused by an eight-octapeptide repeat insertion in the PRNP gene. More broadly, inherited prion<unk> s in general can mimic HD. HDL2 HDL2 is the most common HD-like syndrome and is caused by CTG/CAG triplet expansions in the JPH3 gene encoding junctophilin-3. It is almost exclusively restricted to populations of African descent and is actually more common than<unk> ’s<unk>  in Black South Africans. HDL3 HDL3 is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder linked to chromosome 4p15.3. It has only been reported in two families, and the causative gene is unidentified. Other Other neurogenetic disorders can cause an HD-like or HD phenocopy syndrome but are not solely defined as HDL syndromes. The commonest is spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA-17), occasionally called HDL-4. Others include mutations in C9orf72, spinocerebellar ataxias type 1 and 3, neuroacanthocytosis, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA), brain iron accumulation disorders, Wilson's<unk> , benign hereditary chorea, Friedreich's ataxia and mitochondrial<unk> s. A<unk> 's<unk> -like presentation may also be caused by acquired causes.
Huntington's disease-like syndrome
Parkinson-plus syndrome
X-linked dystonia parkinsonism
Stratton Parker syndrome
Sydenham's chorea
Benign hereditary chorea
Acorea, microphthalmia and cataract syndrome
Leukodystrophy