Due to the risks especially in adolescents, of cognitive impairments and possible irreversible brain damage associated with<unk> , urgent action has been recommended. There is some evidence that interventions by employers such as, health and lifestyle checks, psychosocial skills training and peer referral, can reduce the level of<unk> . In the US brief motivational interventions have shown some benefit in reducing future<unk> . Adolescents who misuse alcohol can benefit from interventions aimed at risk reduction. For more severe cases an intervention involving parents, guardians, or a psychotherapist is recommended. An effective strategy of intervention for adolescents whose<unk>  leads to admission to hospital, e.g. for alcohol poisoning or injury, is manualised brief interventions at the hospital in one to four counseling sessions each lasting 30 to 60 minutes conducted by trained staff. Evaluation of personal pattern of<unk>  and associated risks and an emphasis on personal responsibility in a non-condescending manner is recommended during the intervention; discussing and informing and educating the adolescent of possible negative short and long-term consequences of<unk>  is recommended. The setting of goals and rules to achieve those goals is also recommended during intervention with problem<unk>  adolescents. Motivational enhancement therapy also shows promise as a treatment. Increasing public information and awareness regarding the risks of<unk> , conducting interviews in emergency departments of young people suspected of harmful<unk>  patterns and trying to persuade them to accept individual counseling in youth addiction counseling services are effective strategies for reducing the harm of<unk> . Encouraging recreational and adventurous training activities such as climbing or driving can be used alternative "natural buzzes" to alcohol misuse. Additionally, the provision of educational content about the risks of<unk>  and a risk assessment are beneficial during intervention with young binge drinkers and a referral in the case of an alcohol use disorder for specialised help. According to the NIAAA definition of "heavy drinkers", men may be at risk for alcohol-related problems if their alcohol consumption exceeds 14 standard drinks per week or four drinks per day, and women may be at risk if they have more than seven standard drinks per week or three drinks per day. Despite this risk, a 2014 report in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that only 10% of either "heavy drinkers" or "binge drinkers" also met the criteria for alcohol dependence, while only 1.3% of non-binge drinkers met this criteria. An inference drawn in this study is that evidence-based policy strategies and clinical preventive services may effectively reduce<unk>  without requiring addiction treatment in most cases.
Binge drinking
Rubbing alcohol
Binge eating
Alcoholism
Abuse during childbirth
Alcohol dependence
Western pattern diet
Sedentary lifestyle