Local immunity<unk> lar (relating to<unk>  B cells can mature to produce all the five major Immunoglobulin (Ig, aka antibody) classes. Furthermore, when incubated in vitro with either mitogens or specific antigens, they produce specific antibodies against diphtheria toxoid, poliovirus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, and the lipopolysaccharide of E. coli. Most Immunoglobulin A produced by<unk> lar B cells in vitro appears to be 7S monomers, although a significant proportion may be l0S dimeric IgA. In addition to humoral immunity elicited by<unk> lar and adenoidal B cells following antigenic stimulation, there is considerable T-cell response in<unk> s. Thus, natural infection or intranasal immunization with live, attenuated rubella virus vaccine has been reported to prime<unk> lar lymphocytes much better than subcutaneous vaccination. Also, natural infection with varicella zoster virus has been found to stimulate<unk> lar lymphocytes better than lymphocytes from peripheral blood. Cytokine action Cytokines are humoral immunomodulatory proteins or glycoproteins which control or modulate the activities of target cells, resulting in gene activation, leading to mitotic division, growth and differentiation, migration, or apoptosis. They are produced by wide range of cell types upon antigen-specific and non-antigen specific stimuli. It has been reported by many studies that the clinic outcome of many infectious, autoimmune, or malignant diseases appears to be influenced by the overall balance of production (profiles) of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, determination of cytokine profiles in<unk>  study will provide key information for further in-depth analysis of the cause and underlying mechanisms of these disorders, as well as the role and possible interactions between the T- and B-lymphocytes and other immunocompetent cells. The cytokine network represents a very sophisticated and versatile regulatory system that is essential to the immune system for overcoming the various defense strategies of microorganisms. Through several studies, the Th1 and Th2 cytokines and cytokine mRNA are both detectable in<unk> lar hypertrophy (or obstructive sleep apnea, OSA) and recurrent<unk> litis groups. It showed that human<unk>  is an active immunological organ containing a wide range of cytokine-producing cells. Both Th1 and Th2 cells are involved in the pathophysiology of TH and RT conditions. Indeed, human<unk> s persistently harbor microbial antigens even when the subject is asymptomatic of ongoing infection. It could also be an effect of ontogeny of the immune system.
Palatine tonsil
Cauliflower ear
Oral torus
Periorbita
Symphytum
Adina
Danger triangle of the face
Clitoral hood