Arteries supplying the brain The physical features of<unk>  consist of small radial scars which occupy the cortical sulci. Overall, the physical structure of affected areas in the brain is described as a “mushroom”-like shape in which the gyri are unusually large and the sulci become wider deeper in the cortex. N.C. Bresler, the first person to view a brain with<unk>  in 1899, coined the phrase mushroom gyri. He also named the disorder, basing it off the Latin root ule, meaning scar. This mushroom-like structure is the result of the lower parts of the<unk> -affected area being more prone to deterioration, while the upper gyri are usually spared. However, the entire affected area shrinks and presents brown coloration as a result of<unk> . In addition, “islands” of neurons that are relatively unaffected can exist between<unk>  affected neurons.<unk>  can develop bilaterally or unilaterally, though the former is more commonly diagnosed.<unk>  can affect many parts of the brain including the cerebral cortex, parasagittal areas and posterior regions of the brain, such as the parietal and occipital lobes. These areas are situated either near artery rich regions or near a major cerebral artery. For instance, specifically in neonatal children,<unk> -affected areas are found near the posterior cerebral artery or near the artery rich region between the middle and posterior regions of the brain, often referred to as watershed regions. Neurons affected by<unk>  exhibit properties that differ from normally functioning neurons. For instance,<unk>  affected neurons experience gliosis in which glial cells, specifically astrocytes, build up near and around neurons.<unk>  affected neurons also display decreases in their white matter content, showing signs of sclerosis, which is characterized by the deterioration of myelin in neurons. However, in regions of grey matter, large dense aggregates of myelin are present.<unk>  affected neurons also display metabolic disorders which could be linked to the disease phenylketonuria and disruptions in the urea cycle. Hypoglycemia and hypoxia are also thought to accompany the symptoms of<unk> -affected neurons as well.
Ulegyria
Rhinitis medicamentosa
Dermatophagia
Polymeal
Intertrigo
Burning mouth syndrome
Foot-and-mouth disease
Churna