A scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of normal circulating human blood. One can see red blood cells, several knobby white blood cells including lymphocytes, a<unk> , a neutrophil, and many small disc-shaped platelets. A<unk>  count is part of a complete blood count and is expressed either as a percentage of<unk> s among all white blood cells or as absolute numbers. Both may be useful but these cells became valid diagnostic tools only when<unk>  subsets are determined.<unk> sis<unk> sis is the state of excess<unk> s in the peripheral blood. It may be indicative of various disease states. Examples of processes that can increase a<unk>  count include: * chronic inflammation * diabetes * stress response * Cushing's syndrome (hyperadrenocorticism) * immune-mediated disease * granulomatous disease * atherosclerosis * necrosis * red blood cell regeneration * viral fever * sarcoidosis * chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) A high count of CD14+CD16++<unk> s is found in severe infection (sepsis) In the field of atherosclerosis high numbers of the CD14++CD16+ intermediate<unk> s were shown to be predictive of cardiovascular events in at risk populations. CMML patients are characterized by a persistent<unk>  count of > 1000/ microL of blood. Analysis of<unk>  subsets has demonstrated predominance of classical<unk> s and absence of CD14lowCD16+<unk> s. The absence of non-classical<unk> s can assist in diagnosis of the disease and the use of slan as a marker can improve specificity.<unk> penia<unk> penia is a form of leukopenia associated with a deficiency of<unk> s. A very low count of these cells is found after therapy with immuno-suppressive glucocorticoids. Also, non-classical slan+<unk> s are strongly reduced in patients with Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids (HDLS), a neurologic disease associated with mutations in the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor gene. Blood content Reference ranges for blood tests of white blood cells, comparing<unk>  amount (shown in green) with other cells.
Monocyte
Basophil
Prolymphocyte
Podocyte
Thymocyte
Agranulocyte
Plasma cell
Lymphoblast