In vascular diseases,<unk>  is a systemic pathological state of the endothelium. Along with acting as a semi-permeable membrane, the endothelium is responsible for maintaining vascular tone and regulating oxidative stress by releasing mediators, such as nitric oxide, prostacyclin and endothelin, and controlling local angiotensin-II activity.
Endothelial dysfunction
Endothelial activation
Microvasculature remodeling
Tissue stress
Coronary vasospasm
Venous stasis
Vascular permeability
Leukocyte extravasation