The four δ-palutoxins show a strong paralytic activity against Spodoptera litura larvae but also against some other insects. The values for δ-palutoxin-IT1 to IT3 range from 9.5–24.7 µg per gram insect. δ-Palutoxin-IT1 is the most active toxin, followed by δ-palutoxin-IT2, and δ-palutoxin-IT4 has the lowest activity. δ-Palutoxins are insect selective, no persistent toxic effect was found on mice. The structural basis for the selectivity of these toxins for insects over the mammalian sodium ion channels is still largely unknown.
Delta-Palutoxin
Maitotoxin
Psalmotoxin
Chlorotoxin
Kaliotoxin
Jingzhaotoxin
BeKm-1 toxin
Diamphotoxin