BrdU (red), a marker of DNA replication, highlights<unk>  in the subgranular zone of hippocampal dentate gyrus. Fragment of an illustration from Faiz et al., 2005. Doublecortin expression in the rat dentate gyrus, 21st postnatal day. Oomen et al., 2009.<unk>  is the process in which neurons are generated from neural stem cells in the<unk> . This process differs from prenatal<unk> . In most mammals, new neurons are born throughout<unk> hood in two regions of the brain: * The subgranular zone (SGZ), part of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, where neural stem cells give birth to granule cells (implicated in memory formation and learning). * The subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles, which can be divided into three microdomains: lateral, dorsal and medial. Neural stem cells migrate to the olfactory bulb through the rostral migratory stream where they differentiate into interneurons participating in the sense of smell. In humans, however, few if any olfactory bulb neurons are generated after birth. More attention has been given to the<unk>  in the dentate gyrus than in the striatum. In rodents, many of the newborn dentate gyrus neurons die shortly after they are born, but a number of them become functionally integrated into the surrounding brain tissue. The numbers of neurons born in the human hippocampus remains controversial; some studies have reported that in<unk>  humans about 700 new neurons are added in the hippocampus every day, while other studies show that<unk>  hippocampal<unk>  does not exist in humans, or, if it does, it is at undetectable levels. The role of new neurons in<unk>  brain function thus remains unclear.<unk>  is reported to play a role in learning and memory, emotion, stress, depression, response to injury, and other conditions.
Adult neurogenesis
Neuromodulation
Neuromodulation 
Salutogenesis
Vasculogenesis
Folliculogenesis
Bone remodeling
Epineurial repair