The indications for<unk>  are still controversial. Widest agreement surrounds the removal of the adenoid for obstructive sleep apnea, usually combined with tonsillectomy. Even then, it has been observed that a significant percentage of the study population (18%) did not respond. There is also support for<unk>  in recurrent otitis media in children previously treated with tympanostomy tubes. Finally, the effectiveness of<unk>  in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, common cold, otitis media and moderate nasal obstruction has been questioned with the outcome, in some studies, being no better than watchful waiting.
Adenoidectomy
Vestibulectomy
Non-surgical rhinoplasty
Rhinoplasty
Pharyngeal flap surgery
Chondrolaryngoplasty
Facial implant
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty