They may be classified according to the means of hemolysis, being either intrinsic in cases where the cause is related to the red blood cell (RBC) itself, or extrinsic in cases where factors external to the RBC dominate. Intrinsic effects may include problems with RBC proteins or oxidative stress<unk> ndling, whereas external factors include immune attack and microvascular angiopathies (RBCs are mechanically damaged in circulation). Intrinsic causes Hereditary (inherited)<unk>  can be due to : * Defects of red blood cell membrane production (as in hereditary spherocytosis and hereditary elliptocytosis). * Defects in hemoglobin production (as in thalassemia, sickle-cell disease and congenital dyserythropoietic anemia). * Defective red cell metabolism (as in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and pyruvate kinase deficiency). * Wilson's disease may infrequently present with<unk>  without due to excessive inorganic copper in blood circulation, which destroys red blood cells (though the mechanism of hemolysis is still unclear). Extrinsic causes Acquired<unk>  may be caused by immune-mediated causes, drugs, and other miscellaneous causes. * Immune-mediated causes could include transient factors as in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (cold agglutinin disease) or permanent factors as in autoimmune diseases like autoimmune<unk>  (itself more common in diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia). * Spur cell<unk>  * Any of the causes of hypersplenism (increased activity of the spleen), such as portal hypertension. * Acquired<unk>  is also encountered in burns and as a result of certain infections (e.g. malaria). * Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), sometimes referred to as Marchiafava-Micheli syndrome, is a rare, acquired, potentially life-threatening disease of the blood characterized by complement-induced intravascular<unk> . * Lead poisoning resulting from the environment causes non-immune<unk> . * Similarly, poisoning by arsine or stibine also causes<unk> . *Runners can suffer<unk>  due to "footstrike hemolysis", owing to the destruction of red blood cells in feet at foot impact. * Low-grade<unk>  occurs in 70% of prosthetic heart valve recipients, and severe<unk>  occurs in 3%.
Hemolytic anemia
Transfusion-dependent anemia
Acquired hemolytic anemia
Myelophthisic anemia
Sideroblastic anemia
Basophilia
Mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia