Some FAVA patients develop limb contracture; in these cases early orthopedic consultation is necessary. Achilles tendon lengthening (heel-cord release) and physical therapy can be helpful for treating equinus contracture. Unlike classical venous malformations, pain in FAVA is multifactorial and clinical response to sclerotherapy of the venous component can be less effective. While intralesional steroid injections and nerve block may offer temporary or partial pain relief, the source of pain is often the solid intramuscular lesion. Surgical resection and image-guided percutaneous cryoablation may offer an effective control of pain in FAVA lesions. Sirolimus has been effective in improving the quality of life in some people with FAVA.
Fibro-adipose vascular anomaly
Connective tissue neoplasm
Gonadal tissue neoplasm
Iatrogenesis
Endocrine gland neoplasm
Vascular ring
Surgical stress
Vascular anomaly