Treatment consists of three phases: *1. Acute phase: IV steroids (methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg) for 3–5 days or plasmapheresis are given to restore visual function. *2. Intermediate phase: Oral steroids (typically prednisone 1 mg/kg) with taper are given to stabilize vision. *3. Long-term phase: To avoid adverse effects of long-term steroids and to avoid relapse of disease, physicians can transition to a steroid-sparing agent. Azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate, IVIG, plasma exchange, cyclosporine, and infliximab have been used. Visual acuity is dramatically worse with CRION than other forms of optic neuritis. Treatment with corticosteroids induces prompt relief of pain and improved vision. At times, patients obtain complete restoration of vision, although exact success rates are unknown.
Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy
Toxic and nutritional optic neuropathy
Autoimmune optic neuropathy
Arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Late congenital syphilitic oculopathy
Punctate inner choroiditis
Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous