As many<unk>  have similar presentations and treatment options, it is common to perform one of the following treatment options and send the<unk> lining to histopathology to provide a retrospective definitive diagnosis.<unk>  treatment is limited to surgical removal for the majority of<unk> . There are two techniques used to manage<unk>  with the deciding factor being the size of the<unk>  * Enucleation—removal of the entire<unk>  A mucoperiosteal flap is raised overlying the<unk> and the entire<unk> subsequently removed. The defect is completely closed by the placement of sutures to realign the margins of the flap. Advantages of this technique include: the entire<unk> lining is removed for histopathological assessment and reduced post-operative care requirements. * Marsupialization—the creation of a window into the wall of a<unk> by raising a mucoperiosteal flap and attaching the<unk> lining to the oral mucosa - allowing the contents to be drained. The window is left open, and the lack of pressure within the<unk> causes the lesion to shrink, as the surrounding bone starts to fill in again. With this technique, the window must be prevented from closing by the use of a “plug”. As this window is kept open to shrink the size of the<unk>  there are additional care requirements. This includes home-based cleaning of the cavity – to remove food debris. Marsupialization may be performed on a dentigerous<unk>  allowing the tooth to erupt and prevent extraction. * Enucleation following marsupialization—marsupialization is carried out as a single procedure, but usually it is followed by a second procedure (enucleation) to remove the<unk>  This may be undertaken when<unk>  are very large, and their removal would leave a significant surgical defect or risk jaw fracture. * Enucleation with curettage—this is the removal of the<unk> and some of the surrounding bone, which may contain remnants of the lining of the<unk>  Curettage may be undertaken if the<unk> lining is thin and fragile or if the<unk> was infected. Following curettage, the defect is irrigated to flush out any debris. The exception to these treatments; is the management of<unk>  which have a higher rate of recurrence – for example odontogenic keratocysts. Options to reduce the recurrence rate include: curettage post enucleation, Carnoy’s solution (treatment of the cavity with a potent fixative) or mandibular resection. These treatments are less conservative than the above options.
Cysts of the jaws
Osteomyelitis of the jaws
Omphalolith
Hemifacial hypertrophy
Black hairy tongue
Chattering teeth
Blue nails
Enamel hypoplasia