<unk>  can be diagnosed by upper endoscopy, biopsy, upper GI series (or barium swallow), and laboratory tests. An upper endoscopy is a procedure to look at the esophagus by using an endoscope. While looking at the esophagus, the doctor is able to take a small biopsy. The biopsy can be used to confirm inflammation of the esophagus. An upper GI series uses a barium contrast, fluoroscopy, and an X-ray. During a barium X-ray, a solution with barium or pill is taken before getting an X-ray. The barium makes the organs more visible and can detect if there is any narrowing, inflammation, or other abnormalities that can be causing the disease. The upper GI series can be used to find the cause of GI symptoms. An esophagram is if only the throat and esophagus are looked at. Laboratory tests can be done on biopsies removed from the esophagus and can help determine the cause of the<unk> . Laboratory tests can help diagnose a fungal, viral, or bacterial infection. Scanning for white blood cells can help diagnose eosinophil<unk> . Some lifestyle indicators for this disease include stress, unhealthy eating, smoking, drinking, family history, allergies, and immunodeficiency. Types Reflux<unk>  Although it usually assumed that inflammation from acid reflux is caused by the irritant action on the mucosa by hydrochloric acid, one study suggests that the pathogenesis of reflux<unk>  may be cytokine-mediated. Microscopic Slide of Infectious<unk>  Infectious<unk> <unk>  happens due to a viral, fungal, parasitic or bacterial infection. More likely to happen to people who have an immunodeficiency. Types include: Fungal * Candida (Esophageal candidiasis) Viral * Herpes simplex (Herpes<unk>  * Cytomegalovirus Drug-induced<unk>  Damage to the esophagus due to medications. If the esophagus is not coated or if the medicine is not taken with enough liquid, it can damage the tissues. Microscopic Slide of Eosinophilic<unk>  Eosinophilic<unk>  Eosinophilic<unk>  is caused by a high concentration of eosinophils in the esophagus. The presence of eosinophils in the esophagus may be due to an allergen and is often correlated with GERD. The direction of cause and effect between inflammation and acid reflux is poorly established, with recent studies (in 2016) hinting that reflux does not cause inflammation. This<unk>  can be triggered by allergies to food or to inhaled allergens. This type is still poorly understood. Lymphocytic<unk>  Lymphocytic<unk>  is a rare and poorly understood entity associated with an increased amount of lymphocytes in the lining of the esophagus. It was first described in 2006. Disease associations may include Crohn's disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease and coeliac disease. It causes similar changes on endoscopy as eosinophilic<unk>  including esophageal rings, narrow-lumen esophagus, and linear furrows. Caustic<unk>  Caustic<unk>  is the damage of tissue via chemical origin. This occasionally occurs through occupational exposure (via breathing of fumes that mix into the saliva which is then swallowed) or through pica. It occurred in some teenagers during the fad of intentionally eating Tide pods. By severity The severity of reflux<unk>  is commonly classified into four grades according to the Los Angeles Classification: Grade A One or more mucosal breaks 5mm, but without continuity across mucosal folds Grade C Mucosal breaks continuous between ≥ 2 mucosal folds but involving less than 75% of the esophageal circumference Grade D Mucosal breaks involving more than 75% of esophageal circumference
Esophagitis
Esophageal spasm
Laryngitis
Tonsillitis
Pharyngitis
Epiglottitis
Adenoiditis
Croup