The spectrum of target antigens associated with tumor immunity and alloimmunity after allogeneic<unk> : Host-derived T and B cells can be induced to recognize tumor-associated antigens, whereas donor-derived B and T cells can recognize both tumor-associated antigens and alloantigens. Indications Indications for stem-cell transplantation are: Malignant (cancerous) * Acute myeloid leukemia * Chronic myeloid leukemia * Acute lymphoblastic leukemia * Hodgkin lymphoma (relapsed, refractory) * Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (relapsed, refractory) * Neuroblastoma * Ewing sarcoma * Multiple myeloma * Myelodysplastic syndromes * Gliomas, other solid tumors Nonmalignant (noncancerous) * Thalassemia * Sickle cell anemia * Aplastic anemia * Fanconi anemia * Malignant infantile osteopetrosis * Mucopolysaccharidosis * Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria * Pyruvate kinase deficiency * Immune deficiency syndromes * Autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis Many recipients of<unk> s are multiple myeloma or leukemia patients who would not benefit from prolonged treatment with, or are already resistant to, chemotherapy. Candidates for<unk> s include pediatric cases where the patient has an inborn defect such as severe combined immunodeficiency or congenital neutropenia with defective stem cells, and also children or adults with aplastic anemia who have lost their stem cells after birth. Other conditions treated with stem cell transplants include sickle-cell disease, myelodysplastic syndrome, neuroblastoma, lymphoma, Ewing's sarcoma, desmoplastic small round cell tumor, chronic granulomatous disease, Hodgkin's disease and Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome. More recently non-myeloablative, so-called mini transplant (microtransplantation) procedures, have been developed that require smaller doses of preparative chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This has allowed<unk>  to be conducted in the elderly and other patients who would otherwise be considered too weak to withstand a conventional treatment regimen. Number of procedures In 2006, 50,417 first<unk> s were recorded worldwide, according to a global survey of 1,327 centers in 71 countries conducted by the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Of these, 28,901 (57%) were autologous and 21,516 (43%) were allogeneic (11,928 from family donors and 9,588 from unrelated donors). The main indications for transplant were lymphoproliferative disorders (55%) and leukemias (34%), and many took place in either Europe (48%) or the Americas (36%). The Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation reported the millionth transplant to have been undertaken in December 2012. In 2014, according to the World Marrow Donor Association, stem-cell products provided for unrelated transplantation worldwide had increased to 20,604 (4,149 bone-marrow donations, 12,506 peripheral blood stem-cell donations, and 3,949 cord-blood units).
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Syngeneic stem cell transplantation
Stem-cell therapy
Peripheral stem cell transplantation
Autologous stem-cell transplantation
Thymus transplantation
Autologous immune enhancement therapy
Spleen transplantation