The underlying causes of the disorder are not fully understood but<unk>  is known to be a biologically based disorder with genetic and brain bases. More specifically, it is a working memory problem caused by specific neurodevelopmental dysfunction. In<unk> , individuals fail to develop normal connections among different brain regions needed for writing. People with<unk>  have difficulty in automatically remembering and mastering the sequence of motor movements required to write letters or numbers.<unk>  is also in part due to underlying problems in orthographic coding, the orthographic loop, and graphmotor output (the movements that result in writing) by one's hands, fingers and executive functions involved in letter writing. The orthographic loop is when written words are stored in the mind's eye, connected through sequential finger movement for motor output through the hand with feedback from the eye. Family history of specific learning disabilities may play a role. It’s been observed that children with developmental dysphasia, developmental<unk>  and developmental dyslexia may be more likely to have family members with one of these conditions. Genetic studies suggest that verbal executive function tasks, orthographic skills, and spelling ability may have a genetic basis. Genes on chromosomes 6 and 15 may play some role with SLDs as they have linked to poorer reading, poorer spelling and lower phonemic awareness.
Dysgraphia
Dyslexia
Hypersexuality
Developmental coordination disorder
Musical anhedonia
Paraphilia
Acrodynia
Misophonia