Craniofacial<unk>  causes distinctive craniofacial abnormalities. These include full cheeks, a prominent forehead, severe micrognathia and retrognathia. The later two features can cause patients to have difficulty eating and speaking. Other complications that can arise from micrognathia include obstructive sleep apnea, upper airway restriction, increased susceptibility to pneumonia and occasionally even respiratory failure Skeletal Individuals with<unk><unk>  typically have a small rib cage and narrow shoulders. The ribs themselves are "ribbon" like and the clavicles are unusually short. The lower portion of the chest appears hollow. Spinal abnormalities may also occur (pectus excavatum). Kyphoscoliosis is common. S-like curvature of the leg bones is another feature of<unk> . The connection between the femur and hip bone may be misaligned, causing an unusual gait. The ilium can be flared and the unusually shape of the pelvis in patients with<unk>  can make childbirth difficult for affected females. Other potential symptoms Other abnormalities associated with<unk>  include blue sclera, strabismus, bilateral exophthalmus, conductive hearing loss, mitral valve prolapse, tricuspid valve prolapse, bowel malrotation and hydronephrosis. Prune belly syndrome and omphalocele have been observed in lethally affected males.
Melnick–Needles syndrome
Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
Bogart–Bacall syndrome
Young–Simpson syndrome
Michels Caskey syndrome
Senior–Løken syndrome
Rapunzel syndrome
Fryns-Aftimos syndrome