<unk> , also known as<unk> , is a thiazide-like diuretic drug used to treat high blood pressure, swelling including that due to heart failure, liver failure, and nephrotic syndrome, diabetes insipidus, and renal tubular acidosis. In high blood pressure it is a preferred initial treatment. It is also used to prevent calcium-based kidney stones. It is taken by mouth. Effects generally begin within three hours and last for up to three days.<unk>  is more effective than hydrochlorothiazide for prevention of heart attack or stroke. Common adverse effects include low blood potassium, low blood sodium, high blood sugar, dizziness, and erectile dysfunction. Other adverse effects may include gout, low blood magnesium, high blood calcium, allergic reactions, and low blood pressure. Some reviews have found<unk>  and hydrochlorothiazide to have a similar risk of adverse effects, while other reviews have found<unk>  to have a higher risk. While it may be used in pregnancy it is a less preferred option. How it works is not completely clear but is believed to involve increasing the amount of sodium and water lost by the kidneys.<unk>  was patented in 1957 and came into medical use in 1960. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. In 2019, it was the 135th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 4million prescriptions.
Chlortalidone
Primidone
Rimonabant
Thioridazine
Ziprasidone
Domperidone
Methylphenidate
Paliperidone