Diagnosis of<unk>  begins with a clinical history and water challenge test. The water challenge test consists of application of a 35 °C water compress to the upper body for 30 minutes. Water of any temperature can provoke<unk> ; however, keeping the compress at a similar temperature to that of the human body (37 °C) avoids confusion with cold urticaria or cholinergic urticaria. In addition, a forearm or hand can be immersed in water of varying temperatures to determine whether temperature is a factor in the patient's condition.<unk>  differs from<unk>  pruritus, in which contact with water evokes intense itching without visible hives or rash. Once known as a separate, rare disease,<unk>  is now considered a subtype of general urticaria. The first case was reported by Walter B Shelley et al. in 1964. The condition is more common in women than men, and typically presents for the first time during puberty. Genetics may play a part, and the condition may be related to other sensitivities such as lactose intolerance.
Aquagenic urticaria
Cold urticaria
Solar urticaria
Cholinergic urticaria
Heat urticaria
Pressure urticaria
Delayed pressure urticaria
Adrenergic urticaria