Most people do not experience adverse symptoms, but the opening of intercellular tight junctions (increased<unk>  can act as a trigger for diseases that can affect any organ or tissue depending on genetic predisposition. Increased<unk>  is a factor in several diseases, such as Crohn's disease, celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, schizophrenia, certain types of cancer, obesity, fatty liver, atopy and allergic diseases, among others. In the majority of cases, increased permeability develops prior to disease, but the cause–effect relationship between increased<unk>  in most of these diseases is not clear. A relationship with autism has been hypothesized but the data supporting this theory are limited and contradictory, since both increased<unk>  and normal permeability have been documented in people with autism. It is important to note that almost all studies use cohorts of children who have already developed autism, beyond the age of onset (it is not determined if increased permeability could be a cause that resolves itself later in childhood). Studies with mice provide some support to this hypothesis. A well studied model is celiac disease, in which increased<unk>  appears secondary to the abnormal immune reaction induced by gluten and allows fragments of gliadin protein to get past the<unk>  epithelium, triggering an immune response at the<unk>  submucosa level that leads to diverse gastrointestinal or extra-gastrointestinal symptoms. Other environmental triggers may contribute to alter permeability in celiac disease, including<unk>  infections and iron deficiency. Once established, this increase of permeability might self-sustain the inflammatory immune responses and perpetuate a vicious circle. Eliminating gluten from the diet leads to normalization of<unk>  and the autoimmune process shuts off.
Intestinal permeability
Vascular permeability
Digestion
Vasoactivity
Enterohepatic circulation
Muscle tone
Enteroenteric circulation
Indigestion