<unk>  is a subspeciality of the medical practice of<unk> , devoted to the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care of adult and pediatric patients undergoing<unk>  surgery and related invasive procedures. It deals with the anesthesia aspects of care related to surgical cases such as open heart surgery, lung surgery, and other operations of the human chest. These aspects include perioperative care with expert manipulation of patient cardiopulmonary physiology through precise and advanced application of pharmacology, resuscitative techniques, critical care medicine, and invasive procedures. This also includes management of the cardiopulmonary bypass (heart-lung) machine, which most cardiac procedures require intraoperatively while the heart undergoes surgical correction.
Cardiothoracic anesthesiology
Respiratory therapist
Critical care nursing
Outline of cardiology
Intensive care medicine
Emergency medicine
Neurovascular unit
Neurohospitalist