<unk> <unk> s (SRY-related HMG-box<unk> s) encode a<unk>  of transcription factors that bind to the minor groove in DNA, and belong to a super-family of<unk> s characterized by a homologous sequence called the HMG-box (for high mobility group). This HMG box is a DNA binding domain that is highly conserved throughout eukaryotic species. Homologues have been identified in insects, nematodes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and a range of mammals. However, HMG boxes can be very diverse in nature, with only a few amino acids being conserved between species.<unk> <unk> s are defined as containing the HMG box of a<unk>  involved in sex determination called SRY, which resides on the Y-chromosome. There are 20<unk> <unk> s present in humans and mice, and 8 present in Drosophila. Almost all<unk> <unk> s show at least 50% amino acid similarity with the HMG box in Sry. The<unk>  is divided into subgroups according to homology within the HMG domain and other structural motifs, as well as according to functional assays. The developmentally important<unk><unk>  has no singular function, and many members possess the ability to regulate several different aspects of development. While many<unk> <unk> s are involved in sex determination, some are also important in processes such as neuronal development. For example,<unk> 2 and<unk> 3 are involved in the transition of epithelial granule cells in the cerebellum to their migratory state.<unk>  2 is also a transcription factor in the maintenance of pluripotency in both Early Embryos and ES Cells. Granule cells then differentiate to granule neurons, with<unk> 11 being involved in this process. It is thought that some<unk> <unk> s may be useful in the early diagnosis of childhood brain tumours due to this sequential expression in the cerebellum, making them a target for significant research.<unk>  proteins bind to the sequence WWCAAW and similar sequences (W=A or T). They have weak binding specificity and unusually low affinity for DNA.<unk> <unk> s are related to the Tcf/Lef1 group of<unk> s which also contain a sequence-specific high mobility group and have a similar sequence specificity (roughly TWWCAAAG).
SOX gene family
Homeobox protein NANOG
Merosome
TFM-4AS-1
SOS box
SOX2
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4
GNAS complex locus