<unk> , also known as (S)-ketamine or S(+)-ketamine, is the S(+) enantiomer of ketamine, is a dissociative hallucinogen medication used as a general anesthetic and as an antidepressant for treatment of depression. It is sold under the brand names Spravato (for depression) and Ketanest (for anesthesia), among others.<unk>  is the active enantiomer of ketamine in terms of NMDA receptor antagonism and is more potent than racemic ketamine. It is specifically used as a therapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and for major depressive disorder (MDD) with co-occurring suicidal ideation or behavior. Its effectiveness for depression is modest and similar to that of other antidepressants.<unk>  is used by infusion into a vein for anesthesia and under direct medical supervision as a nasal spray once or twice weekly for depression. Adverse effects of<unk>  include dissociation, dizziness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, numbness, anxiety, lethargy, increased blood pressure, and feelings of drunkenness. Less often,<unk>  can cause bladder problems.<unk>  acts primarily as a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist but also has other actions. In the form of racemic ketamine,<unk>  was first synthesized in 1962 and introduced for medical use as an anesthetic in 1970. Enantiopure<unk>  was introduced for medical use as an anesthetic in 1997 and as an antidepressant in 2019. It is used as an anesthetic in Europe and as an antidepressant in the United States. Due to misuse liability as a dissociative hallucinogen,<unk>  is a controlled substance.
Esketamine
Ketamine
Eptazocine
Naloxone
Pentazocine
Remifentanil
Pethidine
Fentanyl