Causes Include: # Electrolyte imbalance e.g. Hypo or hyperkalemia # Hypothyroidism # Betablocker therapy # Digoxin # Myocardial Infarction # Destruction or degeneration of the cardiac conduction system or heart muscle cells # Infection A doctor can discriminate<unk>  from<unk>  alternans by auscultating the heart.
Pulsus bigeminus
Heart click
Pulsus alternans
Pulsus paradoxus
Third heart sound
Right axis deviation
Collapsing pulse
Bendopnea