Symptoms of<unk>  can come on suddenly or gradually appear over the span of years. They can come and go for hours or even weeks at a time, or remain consistent. Gradual onset can begin with the manifestation of a hoarse voice quality, which may later transform into a voice quality described as strained with breaks in phonation. These phonation breaks have been compared to stuttering in the past, but there is a lack of research in support of<unk>  being classified as a fluency disorder. It is commonly reported by people with<unk>  that symptoms almost only occur on vocal sounds that require phonation. Symptoms are less likely to occur at rest, while whispering, or on speech sounds that do not require phonation. It is hypothesized this occurs because of an increase in sporadic, sudden, and prolonged tension found in the muscles around the larynx during phonation. This tension affects the abduction and adduction (opening and closing) of the vocal folds. Consequently, the vocal folds are unable to retain subglottal air pressure (required for phonation) and breaks in phonation can be heard throughout the speech of people with<unk> . Regarding types of<unk> , the main characteristic of<unk> , breaks in phonation, is found along with other varying symptoms. The voice quality of adductor<unk>  can be described as “strained-strangled” from tension in the glottal region. Voice quality for abductor<unk>  can be described as breathy from variable widening of the glottal region. Vocal tremor may also be seen in<unk> . A mix and variance of these symptoms are found in mixed<unk> . Symptoms of<unk>  typically appear in middle aged people, but have also been seen in people in their twenties, with symptoms emerging as young as teenage years.
Spasmodic dysphonia
Stuttering
Muscle tension dysphonia
Dysphagia lusoria
Odynophagia
Anotia
Pseudodysphagia
Hallucinatory palinopsia