text: Kidneys serve as a buffering system to maintain acid-base balance. Kidneys reabsorb the filtered bicarbonate and excrete acid to maintain acid-base balance. HCO3 reabsorption is facilitated by Na-H and proton pumps. Collecting tubules serve the function of excretion of acid. When ever there is disruption in the normal physiological mechanisms of<unk>  system of kidneys acidosis sets in. . Potassium is the most common electrolyte abnormality that can be noticed with<unk> . It can be either hypokalemic<unk>  or hyperkalemic<unk> .<unk>  can be classified into type 1 (distal), type 2 (proximal), type 4 (hypoaldosteronism) and voltage-dependent<unk> . Genetic mutations are the most common etiology for<unk> . If left untreated<unk>  leads to growth failure and chronic kidney failure. Urine pH is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of<unk> . Alkalization of the urine along with correction of electrolyte abnormalities is the mainstay of treatment in patients diagnosed by<unk> . Sodium bicarbonate with potassium replacement are the medications recommended along with correction of underlying cause.
option_0: Renal tubular acidosis
option_1: Hyperchloremic acidosis
option_2: Diabetic Ketoacidosis
option_3: Cystinuria
option_4: Third spacing of fluids
option_5: Renal glycosuria
option_6: Phosphate nephropathy
option_7: Dehydration