text: Coronary<unk>  bypass grafting <unk>  is a type of surgery that improves blood flow to the heart. It's used for people who have severe coronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary<unk>  disease. 
  CHD is a condition in which a substance called plaque (plak) builds up inside the coronary<unk> es. These<unk> es supply oxygen-rich blood to your heart. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Plaque can narrow or block the coronary<unk> es and reduce blood flow to the heart muscle. If the blockage is severe, angina, shortness of breath, and, in some cases, heart attack can occur. (Angina is chest pain or discomfort.)<unk>  is one treatment for CHD. During<unk> , a healthy<unk>  or vein from the body is connected, or grafted, to the blocked coronary<unk> . The grafted<unk>  or vein bypasses (that is, goes around) the blocked portion of the coronary<unk> . This creates a new passage, and oxygen-rich blood is routed around the blockage to the heart muscle.<unk>  is the most common type of open-heart surgery in the United States. Doctors called cardiothoracic surgeons do this surgery. CHD isn't always treated with<unk> . Many people who have CHD can be treated other ways, such as with lifestyle changes, medicines, and a procedure called angioplasty. During angioplasty, a small mesh tube called a stent may be placed in an<unk>  to help keep it open.<unk>  or angioplasty with stent placement may be options if you have severe blockages in your large coronary<unk> es, especially if your heart's pumping action has already been weakened.<unk>  also may be an option if you have blockages in the heart that can't be treated with angioplasty. In this situation,<unk>  is considered more effective than other types of treatment.
  If you're a candidate for<unk> , the goals of having the surgery include:
  Improving your quality of life and decreasing angina and other CHD symptoms.
  Allowing you to resume a more active lifestyle.
  Improving the pumping action of your heart if it has been damaged by a heart attack.
  Lowering the risk of a heart attack (in some patients, such as those who have diabetes).
  Improving your chance of survival.
  You may need repeat surgery if the grafted<unk> es or veins become blocked, or if new blockages develop in<unk> es that weren't blocked before. Taking medicines as prescribed and making lifestyle changes as your doctor recommends can lower the chance of a graft becoming blocked.
  In people who are candidates for the surgery, the results usually are excellent. Following<unk> , 85 percent of people have significantly reduced symptoms, less risk of future heart attacks, and a decreased chance of dying within 10 years.
  Other names for coronary<unk>  bypass grafting:
  Bypass surgery.<unk> .
  Heart bypass surgery.
option_0: Coronary artery bypass surgery
option_1: Left ventricular aneurysm surgery
option_2: Dextrocardia surgery
option_3: Ventricular tachycardia surgery
option_4: Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery 
option_5: Cardiac resynchronization therapy procedure
option_6: TAVR procedure
option_7: Mitral regurgitation surgery