text: Inflammatory cytokines induce increased amounts of hepcidin by the liver. Hepcidin blocks ferroportin from releasing iron from the body stores. Inflammatory cytokines also decrease ferroportin expression and stops erythropoiesis by increasing bone marrow erythropoietin resistance. Apart from iron sequestration, white blood cells production is promoted by inflammatory cytokines. Bone marrow stem cells produce both red blood cells and white blood cells cells. Therefore, the upregulation of white blood cells causes fewer stem cells to differentiate into red blood cells. This may also have a role in inhibition of erythropoiesis, even when erythropoietin levels are normal, and aside from the effects of hepcidin.
option_0: Anemia of chronic disease pathophysiology
option_1: Anemia of chronic disease causes
option_2: Polycythemia pathophysiology
option_3: Sideroblastic anemia pathophysiology
option_4: Macrocytic anemia pathophysiology
option_5: Myelofibrosis risk factors
option_6: Iron deficiency anemia pathophysiology
option_7: Hemolytic anemia risk factors